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David Schneider
Worry over the effects of fossil-fuel carbon dioxide in the air has
become a familiar theme in public discourse about climate change.
But news accounts (and movies by former Vice Presidents) that focus
exclusively on CO2 in discussing global warming neglect
an inconvenient truth: Other gaseous emissions add substantially to
the atmosphere's ability to trap heat. In particular, methane
(CH4) produces a climate forcing that is more than a
third of that produced by carbon dioxide. The concentrations of
methane and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have both risen
dramatically since the start of the industrial revolution, but
unlike its more familiar greenhouse-gas cousin, atmospheric methane
has recently stopped increasing in abundance.
This happy development wasn't entirely unanticipated, given that the
rate of increase has been slowing for at least a quarter-century.
Yet the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has
predicated many of its conclusions on scenarios in which methane
concentrations would continue growing for decades to come. Thus the
recent stabilization of methane levels is something that some
scientists are trying very hard to explain.
Edward J. Dlugokencky, an atmospheric chemist with the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), has tracked
atmospheric methane for many years. He says that "even as the
reduction was happening, people doing emission scenarios weren't
accounting for it." Dlugokencky maintains that the evolution of
methane levels in the atmosphere mostly just reflects the attainment
of a chemical equilibrium, such that methane production is balanced
by its destruction. In sum, he says, atmospheric methane "looks
like a system approaching steady state."
Methane has many sources. Some are natural; others are clearly the
consequences of modern society. Natural sources include wetlands and
also terrestrial plants, which earlier this year were discovered to
give off methane. Sources tied to human activities include
fossil-fuel production, landfills, ruminant animals, rice
agriculture and wastewater treatment. Methane is destroyed
principally by its reaction with the hydroxyl radical (OH) in the
lower atmosphere.
Given that people have been extracting fossil fuels from the earth,
dumping their garbage in landfills, cattle ranching, growing rice
and treating sewage in ever-increasing amounts, it is indeed hard to
understand why atmospheric methane levels are not going up and up.
One hint might come from the recent discovery that land plants
constitute a significant source of methane (though one that is
poorly quantified at the moment). Frank Keppler of the Max Planck
Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, Germany, and three
colleagues reported this surprising result in Nature last
January. In that paper, they note that "severe anthropogenic
deforestation has considerably reduced tropical biomass over the
past decades," suggesting that this "reduced biomass has
probably contributed to the recent decrease in the atmospheric
growth rate of CH4 concentration." That is to say,
cutting down rain forest might have reduced the atmospheric methane burden.
Another possible explanation comes from work published in June in
Geophysical Research Letters. Arlene M. Fiore of NOAA's
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Dlugokencky and two
colleagues report the results of their efforts to simulate in detail
the evolution of methane concentration using a sophisticated
numerical model of the atmosphere. That paper, titled "Impact
of meteorology and emissions on methane trends,
1990–2004," suggests that changes in the weather may have
played a key role in what Fiore regards as an anomalously abrupt
flattening of the methane curve. In particular, an increase in the
prevalence of tropical thunderstorms may have raised the amounts of
the various nitrogen oxides (gases often referred to collectively as
"NO x ") high in the atmosphere.
There NO x has the side effect of boosting the
production of OH, which in turn acts to destroy methane. Rising
temperatures over this interval contribute to the elimination of
methane as well, but to a lesser extent.
Fiore admits that "there's huge uncertainty" in her
estimates of the size of these effects and that other explanations
are certainly possible. She suggests, for example, that
anthropogenic sources of NO x may also have
increased—or perhaps that the distribution of these pollutant
gases has shifted toward the equator as low-latitude nations
industrialize. (These gases are that much more likely to foster the
destruction of methane there, because that process depends on the
amount of incoming solar radiation, which is greatest at low latitudes.)
M. Aslam Khalil, a physicist at Portland State University in Oregon,
helped establish a sampling network for methane as long ago as 1979.
He, like Dlugokencky, believes that the recent stasis in methane
levels fundamentally represents the system coming to equilibrium.
Khalil suspects that there have been no significant changes in the
overall magnitude of emissions, but he does recognize that some of
the individual sources must have become larger over the past few
decades. The explanation for the enigmatic stabilization of methane
levels, in his view, is that at least one of the other
sources—rice agriculture in particular—has
simultaneously become much smaller.
In a paper soon to be published in Greenhouse Gases and Animal
Agriculture: An Update (Proceedings of the 2nd
International Conference on Greenhouse Gases and Animal
Agriculture), Khalil and his Portland State colleague Martha J.
Shearer point out that China has produced much of the world's rice
for many decades, yet for the past 30 years, the area devoted to
rice agriculture in that country has fallen from about 37 million
hectares to a little more than 27 million. Khalil and Shearer
further note that in these rice paddies nitrogen-based fertilizer
has to a large extent replaced animal manure or "night
soil" (human wastes). This change in how rice is grown in China
reduces the amount of methane given off. What is more, these rice
farmers are using less water than they did before—another
change in agricultural practice that has the unintended side benefit
of reducing methane emissions.
Clearly, it will be some time before atmospheric scientists are able to
quantify with great certainty the changing sizes of the various sources
of methane. But as Khahil says, it's important to get at least a crude
handle on what is going on for the purpose of shaping policy: "You
don't want to try to control something that's already going down."
You can find this online at http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/num2/2006/11/that-other-greenhouse-gas/1
© 2016 Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society


text:
I am considering making a few extra holster/ammo belt sets and was wondering if there was any demand for them. If there is enough demand I will do more than originally planned. I made a set for my original Jango (which is undergoing repairs a the moment). You can see views of my belts below.
If anyone is interested, either post here or send me a PM..

subset: commoncrawl


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This weekend I'm welcoming one son home from college for Thanksgiving break and sending another off — for two days, at least. My 11th grader is heading off with friends to MIT to take part in Splash, a student-run enrichment program that gets raves from kids who try it.
Splash is offered every fall by the MIT Educational Studies Program, an organization of students, alumni, and community members offers hundreds of classes to kids in grades 7 through 12. For $40 they can take as many classes as they can fit into their schedule, out of the 20 hours offered between Saturday morning and Sunday evening. Popular classes are filled by lottery, so everyone has an equal chance. And if you don't fill a slot, there are walk-in classes to sample once you're there.
Splash is so highly thought of among families in my area (particularly homeschoolers) that parents are willing to drive over four hours and book overnight accommodations. I'm a little sorry I'm not going with them, because there is also a full slate of talks for parents as well, on topics such as "College Planning Strategies" and "Helping Smart Kids Who Struggle With Executive Functioning."
What classes do the kids get to take? Well, this year's catalog included juggling, Arabic calligraphy, How to Make Chain Mail, as well as Computer Building 101, Writing an Android App, and Basics of 3D printing. One class my son is looking forward to is an overview of the films of Alfred Hitchcock. In one sense, it's not really a sampling of the typical MIT experience — but in another, it gives a very good idea of what kinds of things MIT students like to spend their time on. Good preparation for a geeky life, in my opinion.
It's too late to sign up for this year's edition of Splash, but MIT ESP offers programs throughout the year as well — including Spark, a one-day version of Splash, held every spring. For more information, check out the MIT ESP website. Splash is also spreading to campuses around the country. Find one near you at the Learning Unlimited website.


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Ten Reasons to Protest the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) on December 1st
Posted by Admin in Building Positive Alternatives, Elect Democracy, Fair Trade, Global Exchange News & Events, Guest Posts, People Power, Not Corporate Power, World News & Events on 27th November, 2012 | 2 Comments
Kristen Beifus, Executive Director of the Washington Fair Trade Coalition, working on behalf of people and the planet for a fair global trading system and lead organizer of the December 1 Day of Action explains why the TPP needs to be protested. And how YOU can get on the bus (literally) to join the protest.
Read More...


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Launch Date: 9/26/05
ESRB: Pending
Players: 1
Ten years ago, while researching human memory for a secret government lab, Ashley's parents disappeared suddenly. Now, a single clue leads her to the mysterious Blood Edward Island to piece together the traces of her past.
Game Storyline : While researching human memory for the government's secret lab, scientists Richard and Sayoko Robbins suddenly disappear and are presumed dead. Ten years later, their daughter, Ashley, receives a letter from Richard, telling her that he is still alive and sequestered in a lab on Blood Edward Island . Ashley traces the letter to the island to find the truth behind her parents' mysterious disappearance. Once there, she discovers that her parents had been working on a memory-generating computer called Trace, but the connection between Trace and their disappearance remains unclear.
While searching for Richard, Ashley befriends a ghost named D, who is looking for answers of his own. Having lost all his memories and any recollection of his death, D is destined to remain in limbo and wander the island until he recovers them. Together, they set off to find the truth of their pasts.
Characters : Ashley, D and a host of characters from the past and present
How to progress through the game : Players explore the island, talk to different characters and solve puzzles to advance the story. The game world is intricate, and players will find clues and information in the most unexpected places.
Special powers/weapons/moves/features: Trace Memory takes full advantage of the DS's dual screens to guide players through Blood Edward Island . The game play takes place on the touch screen, where players get an aerial view of the game world. Meanwhile, the top screen shows a first-person view of scenes and conversations. Players can tap on any area on the touch screen to get a closer look.


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Buy a used jointer, bet it wouldn't set you back $2 - $300. Handy tool to have and doesn't take up much space. Runs on 110v too and safer then using a table saw.
I find regressed bees mess up PF120's and foundationless a lot less with 1 1/4" spacing in the brood nest.
But, I'm nobody's advisor.
If I had time, I would cut my PF120s down. I don't have the time, and I haven't.
As to 1 ¼" spacing, it wasn't invented by me, or by Dee Lusby.
I can't find exact measurements on the Greek basket hives, but Huber used 1 ¼" frames in the late 1700s. Many proponents over the years have used them and suggested them. Koover, more recently was a proponent. The Russians did studies on them and concluded that they had less Nosema, and more brood rearing with the narrower frames. I just think they are a good way to get small cell more quickly and, also, to get 9 frames of nice straight brood comb in my eight frame brood boxes.
"...are placed the usual distance, so that the frames are 1 9/20 inch from centre to centre; but if it is desired to prevent the production of drone brood, the ends of every other frame are slipped back as shown at B, and the distance of 1 ¼ inch from centre to centre may be maintained."--T.W. Cowan, British bee-keeper's Guide Book pg 44
"On measuring the combs in a hive that were regularly made, I found the following result, viz; five worker-combs occupied a space of five and a half inches, the space between each being three-eights of an inch, and allowing for the same width on each outer side, equals six and a quarter inches, as the proper diameter of a box in which five worker-combs could be build...The diameter of worker-combs averaged four-fifths of an inch; and that of drone-combs, one and one-eight of an inch."--T.B. Miner, The American bee keeper's manual, pg 325
If you take off the extra 3/8" on the last one this is 5 7/8" for five combs divided by five is 1.175" or 1 3/16" on center for each comb.
"Frame.--As before mentioned, each stock hive has ten of these frames, each 13 inches long by 7 ¼ inches high, with a 5/8 inch projection either back or front. The width both of the bar and frame is 7/8 of an inch; this is less by ¼ of an inch than the bar recommended by the older apiarians. Mr.Woodbury,--whose authority on the modern plans for keeping bees is of great weight,--finds the 7/8 of an inch bar an improvement, because with them the combs are closer together, and require fewer bees to cover the brood. Then too, in the same space that eight old fashioned bars occupied the narrower frames admit of an additional bar, so that, by using these, increased accommodation is afforded for breeding and storing of honey."-- Alfred Neighbour, The Apiary, or, Bees, Bee Hives, and Bee Culture...
"I have found it to be just that conclusion in theory that experiment proves a fact in practice, viz: with frames 7/8 of an inch wide, spaced just a bee-space apart, the bees will fill all the cells from top to bottom with brood, provided deeper cells or wider spacing, is used in the storage chamber. This is not guess-work or theory. In experiments covering a term of years. I have found the same results, without variation, in every instance. Such being the fact, what follows? In answer, I will say that the brood is invariably reared in the brood-chamber -- the surplus is stored, and at once, where it should be, and no brace-combs are built; and not only this, but the rearing of drones is kept well in hand, excess of swarming is easily prevented, and, in fact, the whole matter of bee-keeping work is reduced to a minimum, all that is required being to start with sheets of comb just 7/8 of an inch thick, and so spaced that they cannot be built any deeper. I trust that I have made myself understood; I know that if the plan indicated is followed, beekeeping will not only be found an easier pursuit, but speedy progress will be made from now on."--"Which are Better, the Wide or Narrow Frames?" by J.E. Pond, American Bee Journal: Volume 26, Number 9 March 1, 1890 No. 9. Page 141
Note: 7/8" plus 3/8" (max beespace) makes 1 ¼".
7/8" plus ¼" (min beespace) makes 1 1/8".
"But those who have given special attention to the matter, trying both spacing, agree almost uniformly that the right distance is 1 3/8, or, if anything, a trifle scant, and some use quite successfully 1 ¼ inch spacing." --ABC and XYZ of Bee Culture by Ernest Rob Root Copyright 1917, Pg 669
"With so many beginners wanting to know about eleven deep frames in a 10 frame deep Langstroth brood chamber I will have to go into further details. But first this letter from Anchorage, Alaska of all places. For that is as far north as you can keep bees. He writes, I'm a new beekeeper with one season's experience with two hives. A good friend is in the same boat he had read one of your articles on "Squeezing" the bees and tried one of his hives that way result a hive full of bees and honey. This year we will have eight hives with eleven frames in the brood chamber."
"If you, too, want to have eleven frames in the brood chamber do this. In assembling your frames besides nails use glue. It' a permanent deal anyway. Be sure your frames are the type with grooved top and bottom bars. After assembling the frames, plane down the end bars on each side so that they are the same width as the top bar. Now drive in the staples. As I mentioned last month make them by cutting paper clips in half. They cost but little and don't split the wood. Drive the staples into the wood until they stick out one quarter inch. The staples should be all on one side. This prevents you from turning the frame around in the brood nest. It's a bad practice and it upsets the arrangement of the brood nest. It is being done, but it leads to chilling of brood and it disturbs the laying cycle of the queen. I am talking to beginners, but even old timers should not commit this bad practice. As for the foundation, if you use molded plastic foundation just snap it into the frame and you are ready to go."-- Charles Koover,Bee Culture, April 1979, From the West Column.
Michael Bush bushfarms.com/bees.htm "Everything works if you let it." ThePracticalBeekeeper.com 42y 40h 39yTF
From what I have read in your posts, you have had success keeping bees on narrow sc frames. Why change if it is working for you? Yes it takes time to trim but sounds like it has been paying off for you.
The biggest reason that I would think sticking with the 1.25" spacing would be, in your case, worth it would be to sell more nucs. Over the entire apiary, that extra frame adds up to more overall material to work with and potentially stock into more nucs. A 10% gain in space (10 frame box holding 11) is a pretty good reason unto itself and the ONLY reason I would use the 1.25" spacing.
Just my .02
I'm running a mix of std and narrow frames, and the bees don't seem to care.
I don't treat for varroa, (tho I did a sugar shake once in 2011).
I don't see a difference in varroa with narrow frames as they're not a problem with my std frames either.
I quit narrowing my pf frames.
I don't think it made any difference , and I have better things to do with my time.
Most of us assume that space is valuable, I don't think it is. the brood chamber is surrounded by "insulation" I don't think that will change. we never get wall to wall brood. I run 8 frames in the bottom box, and no matter waht there is always about 2 frames of space around the cluster.
Of course if we did this, we would be without PCR analysis....devised during an LSD trip by someone that claims to have talked to an alien disguised as a glowing green raccoon (without the help of drugs).
Sometimes the lights all shining on me
Other times I can barely see. -The Grateful Dead
Perhaps it is a matter of location. Here, in my present location, two medium 8-frame supers (holding 9-frames each of 1-1/4" spacing), I regularly see wall-to-wall brood, though I don't remember seeing that in any other part of the country. Though this is the only time I've gone to using 1-1/4" spacing, or small cell/foundationless natural comb.
Last edited by Joseph Clemens; 04-24-2013 at 08:17 AM.
Perhaps an aspect to explore is wasted space, not for the same reasons we think but for things like Michael Bush talks about with honey comb being extended past the plane of the brood comb. I have observed that the narrow frames are very consistent with comb depth when they're fully drawn out and laid full of brood. Again I don't have enough data to make a comparison.
Other things aside, in "honey supers" I do still spread the frames out, 9 frames in a ten frame box for instance. But it seems lately that honey is not my primary crop, nucs are.
I too have discovered my niche to be producing queens and nucs. Having a touch of OCD makes it difficult to deal with honey - too sticky/messy.
I have not yet trimmed the End Bars of any of my PF frames, but I have, once, cut myself on their sharp edges, and am thinking that freshly trimmed edges might be even sharper. Though I have several pieces of equipment that could do the job of trimming each edge 1/16". A jointer and a router table with bits that could be used to set it up as a jointer. I have cut the centers out of PF frames and inserted them into wooden frames with narrow End Bars, with excellent success.
My standard nucs are 5-frame medium, though I also produce some that are 5-frame deep, and TB nucs that are 5-frame medium (I'm afraid to produce any deep TB nucs, those larger new combs would be more prone to damage in transit).
For me, honey is a one day a year thing, like a holiday or a proctological exam.
Plastic frames are so much more useful for extracting. Spin them like a top, no blowouts.
I'm going to look at a jointer/planer this evening. With a reasonable investment, I should be able to trim a lot of frames with minimal effort and danger. The table saw makes me a little nervous trimming frames. And I could use it for other fun projects as well. I feel that the planer will also be more accurate. Every batch I do I always mess up at least one frame.
I haven't experienced the sharp edge thing.
I purchased a jointer/planer I found on Craigs List today. It works fantastically, way more efficient than the table saw and much less nerve wracking. I can do a frame in about 8.5 seconds. 210 frames makes that about half an hour's work. Not bad.
Of course the first thing I had to do was remove the safety thing.
That's only partially a "safety thing". It's primary purpose is to push the stock against the fence. A jointer indexes from the perpendicular side (hence, the spring loaded pressure against the fence), a thickness planer indexes from the parallel side.
But yes, you have to remove that to do pf frames.
With my new table saw fence system, I'm finding it worth my while to run the edge through the jointer before ripping against the fence.
Sometimes the lights all shining on me
Other times I can barely see. -The Grateful Dead
I see.
It has a record too, it planed off a not insignificant portion of the previous owner's ring finger.
It came with a set of those, so it's good.
Fortunately, the frames are pretty well behaved and your fingers don't have to come too close anyway. Even with wooden frames it seems like it is a better idea to plane them after they've been assembled.
Yep, I trimmed the tip of my own right ring finger off into my jointer. The only power tool accident I've ever had. Turned the severed fingertip, bone and all into many very thin slices. Happened so fast, and the blades were razor sharp, I felt no pain at all. But my shop, then, was in an isolated area, and I was the only one around, and without a means of communication, so I had to hold the finger from bleeding with the same hand and drive using my left hand, to where my friend was, so she could then drive me to the hospital emergency room to get it stitched up.
What D Semple said, I should have been using those push blocks.


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BOSTON -- Medal-winning Olympic gymnast Aly Raisman is back in New England, at least for a while.
The Needham teenager returned to Massachusetts on Wednesday weighed down by the two gold and one bronze medal she won at the London games.
She was welcomed by a throng of family and friends as well as a few fans hoping for an autograph or quick picture.
Raisman said she's still coming to grips with her Olympic success and keeps a close eye on her trio of medals.
Raisman is scheduled to attend a welcome home party at the Burlington gym where she trains on Thursday, while Needham officials are planning a parade in her honor.
She'll be home for about a week before joining the Kellogg's Tour of Gymnastics Champions nationwide tour.


text: Just new here first post.I have a 2004 trailblazer EXT and had a fuse blow on my cruise control about a month ago. It worked for about a week and now stopped working again ,but the fuse is fine.Now another problem has started my wipers wont shut off with the switch like they are supposed to.I found a message about a water problem in your post.But could my problem be the whole unit on my wiper switch? Thats where my wipers and cruise both are. :gasp:


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TROOPER BASEBALL - We have more to day from Sheridan Trooper baseball spring training as we mentioned Wednesday the regular season begins May 6th with the Troops hosting a double header with Casper.
They have six weeks to get ready for their first games they Head coach Ben Phillips returns the bulk of last year's team including a strong pitching staff.
Offense shouldn't be a problem for the troops this season as Phillips says they didn't have trouble scoring runs last year but had trouble stopping other teams from scoring more.
TROOPER BASEBALL - The Sheridan Troopers are two days into their spring training the regular season begins May 6th with the Troopers hosting a double header with Casper.
Head coach Ben Phillips says they have six weeks to get ready for their first games.
He says it will take all that time to make sure arms will be ready to start the grind of the regular season.
Both Buffalo and Kaycee High School's track teams performed well at last week's Jerry Campbell Invite, hosted by BHS.
For Buffalo, winners included the boys 4x400 relay team; Hannah Chapin in the girls' 1,600 meter run and the 3,200 meter run; Matt Scarlett in the boys' 3,200 meter run; Dylan Marton in the boys' pole vault; and Shannon Horn in the girls' long jump.
Winners for Kaycee included Hannah Foley in the girls' 100-meter hurdles and the 300 meter hurdles.
Both Buffalo and Kaycee athletes finished second in numerous events and had many in the top five.
BRONC / LADY BRONC GOLF - The Sheridan high school golfers had a windy evening Monday for their first practices of their spring season.
Head coach Larry Martoglio says the weather has been great for the last few weeks and that meant the golf courses opening early and they get off to a better start to their season as well.
BRONC / LADY BRONC SOCCER - The Lady Bronc soccer team took two matches over the weekend running their record to 6-0 overall and 2-0 in conference play.
They beat Cheyenne South 11-0 Friday and came back and beat Laramie 2-1 Saturday.
The Broncs split their games they are 5-1 overall and 1-1 in conference play.
They beat up South Friday 9-0 and had a rough outing Saturday losing to Laramie 2-0. Head coach Kevin Riser says it just wasn't their day Saturday.
Johnson County's high school sports teams were busy this weekend with four soccer matches and a track and field meet.
Friday Buffalo High School hosted the Jerry Campbell Invitational Track and Field Meet, with a number of area teams competing, including Kaycee and Tongue River.
No results from the meet were available as of this morning, abut we will post them when they are released.
The Bison soccer team hosted Powell at Bison Stadium on Friday, downing the Panthers 2-0.
Saturday the boys traveled to Cody and took care of the Broncs 3-1.
Yellowstone Sports Medicine Invitational
Cody, Wyoming - Cody High School
Saturday March 24, 2012
Girls Team Scores:
Cody 203.5
Lovell 117
Sheridan 101
Powell 90.5
Riverton 61.5
Jackson 24
SHS Girls Individual Results: (Top 8 Only)
100 Meter Dash
4 Mariah Grant 13.82
7 Jackie Wells 14.22
8 Kristin Grammens 14.25
200 Meter Dash
5 Bailie Dannels 28.77
7 Kristin Grammens 29.65
8 Mariah Grant 29.69
Girls 400 Meter Dash
3 Bailie Dannels 1:04.45
4 Mariah Grant 1:05.58
800 Meter Run
1st Katie Rotellini 2:28.0
1600 Meter Run
Buffalo Bison 2, Powell Panthers 0.
Lady Bison vs. Powell Lady Panthers, no score yet.
Bison 3, Cody 1.
Cody girls 2, Lady Bison 1 in overtime.
Track and Field:
No results yet from Buffalo's Jerry Campbell Invite from Friday.


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Polar Bear Cub
Creatures Of The Deep
Polar Bear Shores
Henry's New Adventure
Baby Dolphin
Seal Harbour
Dolphin Beach
Penguin Encounter
Shark Bay
Penguin Point
Ray Reef
Seabird Rehab
Our Position
Rescued Seals Released to Southern New South Wales
Veterinary Quarantine Centre
Nickelodeon Land
Storm Coaster
Castaway Bay
Jet Rescue
Our World of the Dolphin Presentation
Nickelodeon Character Meet & Greet
Affinity - Dolphin Presentation
Fish Detectives
Jet Stunt Extreme
Dora's Best Friends Adventure
Turtle Power Live
SpongeBob 3D
View park map
Explore our Sea World map.
An educational excursion to Sea World allows school groups the opportunity to participate in a wide range of programs and gain a greater knowledge and understanding of the park, the marine environment and promote the conservation and protection of its unique qualities for the future.
Prep/Primary: 1 supervising adult free per 5 paying students
Educational programs are subject to availability and seasonal embargoes apply
Click here to book your Excursions at Sea World!
Year Level: Prep - 12*
Capacity: Maximum 45 pax
Times: 9.30am
Subjects: Penguin Biology and Life Cycles, Antarctic Environment, Human Impacts, Conservation
Duration: 40 minutes
Description: Students will investigate the biology of King and Gentoo penguins within the Penguin Encounter exhibit and discuss their life cycles. Students will also learn about the nature of the Antarctic Environment, the impacts from humans and will discuss conservation strategies.
* Grades 4 - 7 may choose to complete a worksheet at the completion of this presentation while exploring the exhibit.
Grades 8 - 12 include a discussion about adaptations and uses more advanced language.
Capacity: Maximum 30 pax
Subjects: Basic Adaptations, Animal Care, *Training Techniques, *Exhibit Design, *Conservation
Description: Students will learn about the adaptations which enable Polar Bear to survive in their Arctic environment and discuss the husbandry techniques used in the care of Sea World's bears including feeding, cleaning and environmental enrichment.
* Grades 9 - 12 receive additional discussions on exhibit design, training techniques and impacts on Polar Bear populations including climate change.
Year Level: Prep - 12
Capacity: Maximum 35 pax
Times: 9.30am (additional times available on request)
Subjects: Climate Change, Human Impacts, Polar Bear Biology
Duration: 35 minutes
Description: Students will learn about the process of climate change and its effects on wildlife using Polar Bears and Penguins as case studies. Students will determine contributing factors to climate change and hypothesize solutions which may help combat its effects.
Capacity: Maximum 100 pax
Subjects: Environmental Issues
Description: Students will discuss environmental issues and its effects on marine animals focusing on pollution and human impacts on the environment. They will also develop an understanding of the problems facing marine wildlife as a result of human impacts and possible solutions.
Subjects: Basic Adaptations, Animal Care, Training, *Husbandry, *Conservation
Description: Students will identify and discuss some of the adaptations and features of seals with a focus on the three families of seals and their key differences. Students will learn how Sea World animal care staff look after and train the seals, includes a talk by trainers on training techniques and husbandry.
* Grades 9 - 12 receive an additional discussions on animal husbandry and a key focus on conservation.
Year Level: 9 - 12
Subjects: Basic Adaptations, Animal Behaviour, Husbandry, Training Techniques
Description: Students will focus on the training methods used with the seals, including operant conditioning and positive reinforcement. We will also discuss animal husbandry and behaviours that may be trained to assist with managing health issues, includes a talk by trainers on training techniques and husbandry.
Year Level: Prep - 3
Capacity: Maximum 60 pax
Subjects: Marine Animals, Marine Environment
Duration: 3 x 10 minute talks (Touch Pools, Coral Reef, and Open Ocean)
Description: This activity can be used to supplement a unit about the marine environment. After learning about the characteristics of some of the animals at Shark Bay, students will create a diagram comparing and contrasting humans and fish.
Year Level: Prep - 6
Subjects: Marine Animal Senses
Description: Students will learn about animal senses, including sight, smell, hearing, taste, touch.
Subjects: Dolphin Physiology, Communication, *Biology, *Social Interactions, *Conservation
Description: Students will learn about dolphin communication, physiological adaptations and social structure using Sea World's dolphin family.
* Grades 9 - 12 receive an additional discussion includes listening to underwater vocalizations via hydrophone, identification of impacts on wild dolphin populations, how to combat these impacts, includes a talk by trainers on training techniques and husbandry.
Year Level: 10 - 12
Capacity: 12 pax per snorkel tour (can do multiple sessions)
Time: 9am briefing & lesson; snorkels from 10am
Note: Snorkel will incur additional $37.50 per snorkeller
Subjects: Reef ecosystems and relationships, species identification, surveying techniques and conservation
Duration: 45 minutes for briefing & lesson, 20 minutes for snorkel
Description: This program begins with a lesson and briefing at Shark Bay's underwater viewing gallery focusing on species identification, animal relationships, data collection and snorkelling procedures. This is followed by an interactive snorkel lesson where students use underwater slates to collect data and complete a marine investigation under the instruction of Sea World's Marine Science team. With advanced planning, the educational focus of this program can be adjusted for individual schools to meet specific learning outcomes.
Subjects: Food Chains, Conservation, Human Impacts
Description: Students will learn what a food chain is and how it works using a basic marine food chain as an example. The group will identify impacts on marine ecosystems, discuss how this might affect food chains and suggest solutions to the problems. Students will also learn about sharks and general animal information relating to the animals housed at Sea World.
Subjects: Shark Adaptations, Role in the Ocean, Human Impacts, *Conservation
Description: Students will discuss the role of sharks in the ocean and discuss the features and adaptations of sharks. They will also develop an understanding of the problems facing sharks as a result of human impacts and possible solutions.
* Grades 9 - 12 receive an additional discussion about adaptations will be more in depth, with greater emphasis on conservation.
Year Level: 8 - 12 and Tertiary
Capacity: Maximum 80 pax
Subjects: Park Operation, Sales & Marketing, Human Resources
Duration: 45 minutes
Description: Students will gain knowledge on the history and development of Village Roadshow Theme Parks, how the parks are operated and marketed, and how staff are selected and trained through a realistic insight into the theme park industry.
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Puzzle Levels
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Photomosaic: Harley-Davidson
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|Put together the jigsaw puzzle.
|Buffalo Games
|1000 Pieces, Photomosaics
|26.75 in x 19.25 in / 68 cm x 50 cm
|Cardboard Box
|Total Pieces
Product Description
Thousands of miniature Harley-Davidson images combine to make one awesome portrait!
While still a student at MIT's media lab, Robert Silvers created a new technology that changed the nature of art, photography, and computer graphics. This development, called Photomosaics, is a method of arranging thousands of tiny photographs that when viewed from a distance, combine to form a single larger image. Artwork by Rob Silvers. Photomosaic is a trademark of Runaway Technology, Inc.
Mosaics, one of the oldest forms of surface decoration,date back to the 4th-3rd millennium BC. Mosaics take on apainted effect by forming pictures or patterns fromcompositions of small pieces of various colored materials(glass, stone, ceramics, metals, ect). The most well known mosaics were produced during the Byzantine Empire (4th to6th century) in Ravenna, Italy. Today, in the age of computers, mosaics have taken on anew form.
In 1995 Rob Silvers utilized computers to combine thousands of photographs to make digital mosaics.Thus - Photomosaics™ were born.
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Cosy Modern & Central Studio
מספר אנשים מקסימלי3
חדרי שינה1
גודל350 ft²
Floor No.(with elevator)
- אינטרנט/ אינטרנט אלחוטי
- מטבח
- מיזוג אוויר
- מכונת כביסה / מייבש
- טלויזיה
- מעלית בבניין
- חדר הניתן לנעילה
- מגבות
Accommodation summary
|River Valley Road, 238344 Singapore, סינגפור
|סוג נכס
|פרטי הזיהוי של מקום הלינה
|Acceptance rate
|Response time
|A few hours
|Calendar updated
|More than half a year ago
The contemporary apartment has one main room with a double bed and the kitchen. Guests can prepare simple meals, as it is fitted with a fridge, freezer, and stove. A washing machine is also included. In the bathroom, guests will find a walk-in shower.
Guests can reach the colonial centre by bus in 10 minutes or on foot in 20. The national Museum is just a 15-minute walk away. Walk to Orchard Road in 8 minutes, Singapore's main shopping area and home to its famous skyscrapers.
There are buses that stop directly outside the apartment. In the area, guests will find several eateries and cafes, as well as shops, supermarkets, and banks.
כללי הבית
|מחיר ליותר מ-2 אורחים
|Check-in before
|עזיבה לפני
|מדיניות ביטולים
חוות דעת על מקומות לינה אחרים שמציע/ה מארח/ת זה/זו
Stayed here 3 nights. I landed early in the morning, but the earliest time Darrick could arrange for check-in was 1 pm, but I was able to bring my luggage right after arrival, so this wasn't a problem for me. The bed and the bath were bath comfortable. The fridge was big enough to store some water and food in it. If you're not looking for luxus, e.g. when you only stay for transit in Singapur, the room is perfect, espacially for the low price. But it will work also for a longer stay, I'm sure. Would defenitly come back and recommend this!
Great to stay here. Good informed and friendly staff. We stayed there for six days with our young children. Great location and you can access any sightseeing places at ease. I would recommend this place for everyone especially those who travel with young children. Thank you Darrick!
According to description, well-located, well-organised, absolutely recommendable
I needed somewhere centrally located when I visited Singapore.
Wimdu communicated exceptionally well.
Once I made my decision on the accommodation, confirmation was swift and my host ensured clarification of my intentions.
The accommodation exceeded my expectation and the local knowledge shared onsite was invaluable.
All in all a great experience.
I needed somewhere centrally located when I visited Singapore.
Wimdu communicated exceptionally well.
Once I made my decision on the accommodation, confirmation was swift and my host ensured clarification of my intentions.
The accommodation exceeded my expectation and the local knowledge shared onsite was invaluable.
All in all a great experience.
Clean and tidy place. very secure and central location. highly recommended and willing to stay next time also.
We stayed for two nights during the first week of December. During our stay, there was no hot water.
Indeed the appt was brandnew and very calm. relative good access to MRT, but very nice walking of 15 min to Clay Quai and Robertson Clay.
All in all highly recommended!
Very good Communication before arrival!
Due to a delay of our flight we arrived at 9pm which was also okay and there was still somebody to give us the key and show us accommodation!
The room looked almost like shown on the pictures and is clean.
The apartment is just 5 min walk to Orchard Road.
Just one negative point: We had room 2F which lays directly next to a Hugh fan or something like that and was running the whole night! For us no problem because it was only one night and we were very tiered due to the long flight. But I guess if you stay there for more nights it will bother you!
Nice new clean apartment. Very spacious and well furbished.
Helpful host.
Good restaurant next door. Convenience store within walking distance.
Will definitely try to book again next time I am in Singapore!
- הבטחת איכות מקומות הלינה
- כל מארח מאושר טלפונית
- תשלום מאובטח


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Hole HTML version
Collected poems 1970 to 2004
Peter Barns
Published by Boddaert Books at Smashwords
Copyright 2011 Peter Barns
Smashwords Edition, License Notes.
This ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This ebook may not be re-sold or given away to other
people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each
recipient. If you're reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then
please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy. Thank you for respecting the hard work of this
These poems are a work of fiction. The names, characters and events portrayed are the work of the author's
imagination. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead, is coincidental.
Fly Me


text:
Two University of Colorado Boulder undergraduate student teams have been named among the 11 top winners from a field of 5,636 teams that entered the 2013 international Mathematical Contest in Modeling this spring.
Only 375 teams, or 6 percent of those entering the contest, were from the United States. The others were from Canada, China, Finland, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Mexico, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
CU-Boulder had two teams designated as "Outstanding Winners" in 2012 as well, and has had a total of 13 Outstanding Winner designations since 2000.
"I don't know any other university, from anywhere in the world, that has that track record," said Anne Dougherty of CU-Boulder's Department of Applied Mathematics. "This is a testament to our excellent students and exceptionally strong undergraduate program."
One of the 2013 problems focused on developing an effective, feasible and cost-efficient strategy to meet projected water needs in a given country, while the other challenged students to develop the "ultimate brownie pan" to maximize heat distribution and cooking potential in an oven.
Results of the contest, which took place at the students' home institutions Jan. 31-Feb. 4, were announced by the Consortium for Mathematics and its Applications on April 5.
One of the two CU-Boulder teams designated as an "Outstanding Winner" was comprised of students Gregory McQuie and David Thomas of aerospace engineering sciences, and Yueh-Ya Hsu of applied mathematics. The team also was awarded the Mathematical Association of America Award.
The other "Outstanding Winner" from CU-Boulder included students Christopher Aicher and Tracy Babb of applied mathematics, and Fiona Pigott, who is double-majoring in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics. The team also was presented with the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics Award.
Dougherty served as faculty adviser to both teams. Any undergraduate CU-Boulder student was welcome to participate.
A third team of CU-Boulder students entered the contest and was designated a "successful participant." That team included students Runnan Lou of aerospace engineering, Weiming Zhang of applied mathematics and Xinyu Shen, who is double-majoring in math and physics.
According to the contest rules, the students had 96 hours to decide which of two problems to complete, research their problem, come up with a mathematical model, program a numerical model and write a report.
Official contest results are posted at http://www.comap.com/undergraduate/contests/mcm/contests/2013/results.
Anne Dougherty, 303-492-4011
Carol Rowe, 303-492-7426


text:
Award-winning CCO set to lead the agency's new creative vision
JWT Canada announced today the appointment of Brent Choi as Chief Creative and Integration Officer, a new position for the agency. Formerly Chief Creative Officer at Cundari, Choi, 43, will be responsible for driving the creative vision and digital integration of JWT Canada.
Martin Shewchuk, currently Executive Creative Director, JWT Canada, will move into the role of Creative Chairman, offering support and counsel to Choi in his new role.
"I am truly excited to partner with Brent," said Susan Kim-Kirkland, president and CEO, JWT Canada. "His proven success in inspiring creative innovation is game-changing for us. Brent represents the next generation of transformational creative directors. His ability to inspire an agency around the vision of great people and great work has been key to his success in creating award-winning integrated experiences and ideas with global impact for clients. He will be an outstanding addition to JWT Canada and to our global network."
Choi joined Cundari as Chief Creative Officer in 2009. He has been behind that agency's most famous work, including SickKids Pain Squad and BMW (1M and M5). Choi helped lead the transformation of the agency, resulting in placements in Strategy's 2012 Agency of the Year and Digital Agency of the Year lists. Over the past few years, Choi's accomplishments have included Gold Cannes Lions, Gold CLIOs, a Fast Company Innovation by Design Award and inclusion in Ad Age's Top 15 Ideas of 2012. In Canada, Choi's work has recently won CMAs and was Strategy's Campaign of the Year. He has also held positions at Saatchi & Saatchi, Lowe Roche and Publicis.
"I'm thrilled to be joining the JWT team. They've had a long history of attracting the world's top brands and producing some of Canada's most memorable campaigns," said Choi. "I'm also looking forward to working side by side with Susan. Her passion and desire to accomplish great things is inspiring. Working closely with the team, my goal is to build upon JWT's past successes, while bringing my experiences and perspective to the table. January 31st can't come soon enough."
Jeff Benjamin, Chief Creative Officer for JWT North America, added, "Brent is a modern creative, has an inventive spirit, and has created groundbreaking integrated work. He's the right talent to inspire our creative vision in Canada."
JWT has operated in Canada for more than 80 years, and today is one of the country's leading agencies. With its pioneering spirit, the agency has created business-building campaigns for some of the country's most beloved and iconic brands, such as Tim Hortons and SickKids (The Hospital for Sick Children), Kit Kat, Tylenol and Walmart Canada. Clients of JWT Canada include Canada Bread, HSBC, Johnson & Johnson, Mazda, Nestlé, ParticipACTION and the University of Toronto, among others.


text:
Laws, Regulations & Annotations
Business Taxes Law Guide – Revision 2010
Underground Storage Tank Maintenance Fee Law
Revenue and Taxation Code
Chapter 3. Determinations
Article 3. Redeterminations
Section 50115
50115. Form and content of petition. Every petition for redetermination shall be in writing and shall state the specific grounds upon which the petition is founded. The petition may be amended to state additional grounds at any time prior to the date on which the board issues its order or decision on the petition for redetermination.


text:
Xbox 360 Games
This page contains Cheats for Legends Of WrestleMania organized by sections for Xbox 360. This game has "Sports" as genre, made by Yuke's, released on Mar 24, 2009. If you can't find a hint or secret in our list, then please check this page periodically for the latest updates.
Boxshot & Details
- Developer: Yuke's
- Publisher: Thq
- Genre: Sports
- Release: Mar 24, 2009
- ESRB: Teen
From: mjs6029
From: khain
From: Ryitmanso
From: ManSyia
From: obh3nk
From: tata
Submit Cheats
If you know cheat codes, secrets, hints, glitches or other level guides for this game that can help others leveling up, then please Submit your Cheats and share your insights and experience with other gamers.
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text:
Town Square
I Will Vote No on Propostion 23
Original post made by stephen levy, University South, on Sep 25, 2010
The purpose of AB 32 is to accelerate the movement away from carbon-based energy sources such as oil and coal to alternative energy sources including solar and wind. AB 32 consists of rules and incentives to encourage businesses and consumers to become more energy efficient and to slowly switch energy sources to cleaner energy. Proposition 23 would suspend AB 32 until the state's unemployment rate was below 5.5% for a year, which is unlikely to happen before 2020 at the earliest.
The principal components of AB 32 are greater fuel efficiency standards for vehicles, a requirement that utilities get 33% of their energy from renewable sources by 2035 and an emission trading system (cap and trade) where the amount of allowable greenhouse gas emissions are reduced every year and emitters can buy and sell permits with the objective of meeting the goals in the least cost approach.
I support AB 32 for four principal reasons none of which relate to reducing global warming, which would come as an added benefit. My support comes after serving for eight months on an economic review committee that provided an independent assessment of the ARB and other economic analyses of AB 32. Our report can be viewed at
Web Link
One, AB 32 will lead to lower energy costs through facilitating efficiency innovations and providing a broad market that will accelerate cost reductions for alternative energy sources. While alternative energy sources in the beginning are more expensive than carbon-based energy such as oil, this will change over time as oil prices rise and alternative energy prices decline. As a result, consumers and businesses will save money in addition to the money saved as AB 32 policies spur energy efficiency.
Two, there are health and air quality benefits to Californians that are real although they are not counted in the conventional economic analyses of AB 32. The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions will, at the same time, reduce emissions that cause local air pollution, which in turn causes illness and associated health care costs.
Three, AB 32 will continue to make California the most sought after location for new firms seeking to develop innovative products and services to meet the demand from consumers and businesses for energy efficiency. These efforts, which now lead our venture capital sector, can make California a center for innovation in new battery technology, electric vehicles and products and services related to solar energy. The local venture capital community, the Silicon Valley Leadership Group (including the Valley's largest technology companies) and the Bay Area Council all oppose Proposition 23 along with the Governor and former cabinet Secretary George Shultz under Presidents Nixon and Reagan.
This week at the ARB hearing on the 33% renewable portfolio standard for utilities, the state's largest utilities supported the proposal and many, such as PG&E, also oppose Proposition 23.
Four, reducing our dependence on oil will have benefits for our national security and allow more flexibility in our foreign policy implementation around the world.
The intent of AB 32 is to shift the financial incentives away from using carbon-based energy sources such as oil. There will be a period of transition and it is certain that the use of oil for energy in California will be less than it otherwise would be without AB 32. All of the credible economic analyses conclude that the economic impacts of AB 32, which do not count health or air quality benefits or the emergence of new industries, are, nevertheless, small in comparison to the size of the state's economy. Moreover, any transition costs are likely to be less than previously expected as the deep recession will make meeting the emission reduction targets much easier in the next few years as emissions have fallen during the recession.
Comments (51)
a resident of Downtown North
on Sep 25, 2010 at 2:09 pm
Both Meg and Jerry are opposed to this proposition. The main groups supporting it are the big pollution companies like BP. You know what they want to do to California.
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 25, 2010 at 3:47 pm
Most in Palo Alto might not be aware that PG&E recently announced its opposition to Prop. 23. Now, many of you are receiving notices from PG&E that they are raising your rates under a deal they negotiated with CARB allowing them to bill you for over $16 million in AB 32 "administrative costs"! More money for them and less for you - and guess what? This is also a tax because the money is what PG&E has to pay CARB.
All content, comments and back room deals the CARB and the legislature are pulling should be open for all the public to see.
VOTE YES on Prop 23.
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 25, 2010 at 4:21 pm
I'll be voting against anything that involves wind energy. The wind turbines kill many raptors. In one year the wind turbines at the Altamont Pass killed over 40 Golden Eagles not to mention many hawks and owls. Birds of prey are going down in number every year in California.
a resident of another community
on Sep 25, 2010 at 4:30 pm
The California Jobs Initiative (CJI) is an oil corporation farce and fraud. There is no connection, whatsoever, between greenhouse gas emission reduction and the loss of jobs. This notion is an insult to the intelligence of the people of California. In fact, there is job growth in the clean, renewable energy industry. Chevron employs 65,000 worldwide and CJI is not going to change this. The only jobs created by the oil industry are clean-up jobs after oil spills and deep water, blow-outs and pump-handler jobs. CJI will make fantastic profits for the oil industry, increase air pollution, especially in communities around their refineries, and there will not be lower gas prices. Koch Industries, Valero and Tesoro are super Enrons. Since when did the oil companies start to show any concern for the unemployed and their families and for small businesses?
a resident of Community Center
on Sep 25, 2010 at 5:48 pm
I also oppose this proposition, and will confine my comments to one aspect of the argument: jobs in California.
I find it ironic that many who support Prop 23 say we cannot afford to do this until we improve the job situation in the State, and those who oppose it assert that it will create new jobs for people. Huh?
As a country and as a state, much of the loss of jobs has more to do with structural changes in the economy, not just the severe recession we continue to experience. Work that used to be done here is gone permanently to off-shore parters such as China. Neither fiscal stimulus or tax cuts will bring those types of jobs back to the States. They are gone. And not coming back.
32 offers a structural change in the California economy that can be stick to the ribs, along the lines of the bio-tech industry. It is part of the next wave of high tech, at which California excels, and creates companies and jobs that will not relocate in the forseeable future, wherever they are created. Why not here? In fact, this is the best place in the world for them to be created, given the talent pool and research capabilities already in place.
The traditional notions of fiscal and monetary policy no longer are sufficient. The structural changes in economies around the world are affecting things as much or more than what the Fed, Congress, any White House administration can do around long term structural adjustments to the US economy.
32 took a long view of what the California economy can look like, and those behind Prop 23 are short sighted in their polemics to rescind it. To me this one is a no brainer.
a resident of Barron Park
on Sep 25, 2010 at 7:24 pm
[Post removed by Palo Alto Online staff.]
a resident of Meadow Park
on Sep 26, 2010 at 6:14 am
Anything based on increasing costs and regulations to "save us" from climate change I am against. Great propoganda based on bad science.
We don't change the climate with our CO2. It is a hoax backed by those who want power ( pun intended) and money for themselves at the expense of others.
We could repeat the same old tired arguments for/against human caused climate change, but there are plenty of threads and info for this for those who wish to learn.
As for our economy...I learn from others. Spain lost jobs, not created, with their equivalent legislation, with no increase in "non carbon based" energy use.
Web Link
"No brainer" can be taken 2 ways.
I have finally learned enough to know that anything meant to "help" us from government will hurt us.
Therefore, I am voting for Prop 23 to stop the further destruction of this State. If it fails, more businesses move out of our State.
As for the "increased security" argument...if security is a concern, then stop blocking us from drilling and using our own oil so we can get off other countries' oil. At the same time, private investors who believe in "green" energy alternatives will keep looking for real solutions that pay..when someone finds one that works, I am certain it will take off, make the inventors and investors rich, and decrease our oil dependence.
BTW, I like the verification code now showing up at the submit button. Nice way to stop the spam popping up now!
a resident of Southgate
on Sep 26, 2010 at 1:05 pm
We can raise our taxes (via increased energy bills, both business and residential), with the hope that alternative energy will be a panacea (the Stephen Levy approach) or we can demand that we increase our ability to provide cheap baseload energy. This means nuclear power.
Low cost energy is a major factor for some businesses, like server farms and aluminum producers and extraction industries and food processors and air-conditioning users. The subsidizing of alternative energy strategies, including cap-and-trade is an ideological, rather than a rational approach. It will drive business away from California, not into it. Ask Spain.
There is really only one answer, and that is nuclear power. That is why Stuart Brand, an environmentalist, supports it.
I will vote "yes" on prop 23.
a resident of another community
on Sep 26, 2010 at 1:21 pm
Stephen, thank you for the link. It is refreshing to see a real document that CARB considers. It seems that, in spite of its favorable comments about CARB, it does reveal how unpredictable the results of AB32 implementation will be. As pointed out, Carb's study doesn't cite the possible intangible benefits, but it also doesn't
account for some very real costs. Some of these costs have already been realized by small businesses. One example is the premature obsolescence of equipment and facilities and the consequent loss of capital. Another would be the preferential treatment (i.e. subsidies, cost off-sets, positive PR, etc.) of "green" businesses over existing businesses. An examination of CARB's web site reveal's that a large portion of the fines they impose are for lack of paperwork, AB32 has created another administrative burden on every business in CA. With a mission statement that sets an arbitrary goal of reducing GHG to 1990 levels by 2020, CARB blieves it is a work in process, and can continue to add additional regulations, fines and fees to every industry and individual as it deems fit. This "authority" injects a huge amount of uncertainty into the economic climate of CA. The idea that the recovery will be fueled by Silicone Valley-like industries is misplaced. The history of Slicone Valley has shown it to be a great incubator for innovation and finance, but once a product has proven its success the majority of jobs associated with producing the product are performed out of state. I believe we all want a cleaner environment, but we are not isolated and consequently are subject to global influence. CA has had its greatest influence on the world when it was prosperous, now we are struggling, and AB32 is only adding to the restrictions every citizen is faceing to make a decent living. This current government and its command and control policies are bankrupting this state, and suspending AB32 is just one step in the right direction to bring CA back to the golden state it once was. Save the business climate, vote yes on Prop23.
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 26, 2010 at 2:31 pm
[Post removed by Palo Alto Online staff.]
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 26, 2010 at 8:01 pm
The UN has just asked the head of the the UN AGW group--- the Indian railway engineer-- to resign-- or be fired--an extra ordinary step for any UN group--for fraud and financial corruption--a first--may many follow.
We are opposed to pseudo-science --both Creationism and AGW
One of the great development of Christian Civilization is the balance between Faith and Reason.
a resident of another community
on Sep 26, 2010 at 8:42 pm
Don't be deceived. AB 32 is already driving businesses out of our state. Prop 23 will stop this. Don't listen to the brain washing - find out for yourself:
Web Link
Prop 23 does NOT stop environmental protections. It just stops one piece of legislation that is doing alot of damage to the economy because it IS driving businesses and thus jobs from the state.
a resident of Southgate
on Sep 27, 2010 at 10:37 am
A reputable survey of business CEOs nationwide (Web Link ), asking about the business climate, shows that California is worst than worst (51st out of 50!).
These crazy incentives (aka penalties) to push "green" are a big nail in our economic coffin. We need cheap energy, not expensive energy. We need baseload energy, not sporadic energy. The answer is nuclear power.
Stephen Levy is an ideologue, so I can kind of understand him. However, I do not see Paul Losch as an ideologue, therefore I would like to see Paul respond to the CEO survey, and to explain why CEOs are against these crippling air quality restrictions. I would also ask Paul why he is not supporting nuclear power in his blog. Paul?
a resident of Community Center
on Sep 27, 2010 at 6:53 pm
You suggest that I do not support nuclear power as part of the approach we need going forward. Don't be so presumptious.
It would be a useful discourse around where nuclear power is now compared to 30 years ago.
But this is Steve's posting about a certain matter on the ballot this November.
a resident of Southgate
on Sep 27, 2010 at 7:16 pm
You talk about structural changes to the California and national economy. Nuclear power certainly fits into the paradigm.
Do you think nuclear power would be a major benefit to our state economy, or not? Simple question. If your answer is in the affirmative, then why would you be pushing a "no" on Prop 23, since such a position is a diversion away from a real answer to our problems?
a resident of Professorville
on Sep 28, 2010 at 9:48 am
"A reputable survey of business CEOs nationwide (Web Link ), asking about the business climate, shows that California is worst than worst (51st out of 50!)."
Golly. Is that why the Silicon Valley is in North Dakota instead of California?
a resident of Community Center
on Sep 28, 2010 at 12:14 pm
My very limited understanding is the the techologies for nuclear are dramatically different that what we built in the 1970's and earlier--safer, less waste, among other things. Certainly worth some serious scrutiny if that is the case.
a resident of another community
on Sep 28, 2010 at 3:17 pm
I found our governor's comments to the Commonwealth Club on this subject quite credible: Schwarzenegger, speaking before several hundred people at the Commonwealth Club in Santa Clara, said the proponents of Prop. 23 are attempting to subvert the democratic process using scare tactics. He likened the campaign to a shell game hiding what he said was the real purpose: "self-serving greed."
"They are creating a shell argument that they are doing this to protect jobs," the governor said. "Does anybody really believe they are doing this out of the goodness of their black oil hearts - spending millions and millions of dollars to save jobs?"
The people behind this proposed legislation are two Texas oil firms, whose refineries in California produce major pollution, and the Koch brothers, the money and organizing muscle behind the Tea Party, a supposed grass roots organization. While there are elements of real grass roots in the movement,most of it is astroturf. The Koch brothers control Koch Industries, whose various arms are among the worst polluters in the country.
If they said the sun had risen, I would look outside to check.
a resident of another community
on Sep 28, 2010 at 3:19 pm
Here's a link to the news story on the governor's comments. Web Link
a resident of Southgate
on Sep 28, 2010 at 3:35 pm
Until the politicians and pundits and other blatherers are ready to endorse nuclear power, it is all a bunch of baloney.
On the clean energy/economy front, there is only ONE solution, and that is nuclear power. Arnold is a finger-in-the-wind politician. AB-32 is a deliberate avoidance of the real issues facing us. It sounds like you swallowed his bait.
Vote "yes" on Prop 23, because it will stop the absurdity of AB-32. This means that we we be back to confronting our real issues, instead of fantasies.
a resident of Professorville
on Sep 28, 2010 at 5:02 pm
Speaking of fantasies, wasn't nuclear power supposed to be so cheap they wouldn't bother to meter it? I ask because I understand that 20% of our electricity is nuclear power right now, and they diligently meter all of it.
a resident of Southgate
on Sep 28, 2010 at 7:10 pm
Polly cracker,
Yes, that was the original claim, by some. Probably a tad too optimistic, but not by much, if the forces alligned against nuclear did not put up so many legal obstacles. The fact that nuclear needs to be metered, like other sources of electrical generation, does not diminish its obvious value.
The question remains: What source of clean baseload electrical generation exists, other than nuclear?
a resident of another community
on Sep 28, 2010 at 9:22 pm
Actually, Greg, you have obviously done your homework on nuclear power, but Prop 23 is the deliberate avoidance of the issues facing us. AB-32 is a genuine attempt to deal with them. Nuclear may have a place in the mix but you advocate only nuclear and you always advocate nuclear to the exclusion of everything else, and, I'm sorry, that's not realistic.
Because of the regulatory approval process for nuclear power, any jobs it might generate are years in the future, while those that are resulting and will result from AB-32, are here now and will increase in the near future. More of them are long-term jobs with potential for growth than those in the nuclear industry, which calls for an initial spurt of construction jobs and then a much smaller roster of continuing permanent jobs -- most of those high skilled.
Providing power without addressing the problem of pollution from existing sources seems to me to be a dangerously partial solution to the problem. We need to be dealing with multiple issues essentially simultaneously.
P.S. I find it interesting that the number of the proposition is the reverse of the existing statute, an obvious attempt to confuse the voters.
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 28, 2010 at 11:18 pm
Green power is inefficient. All the folks that solar paneled-up are not off the grid and face a huge up front cost. Nuke Power is the most efficient and the king of recyclable, sustainable power source. If the govt. would just allow breeder plants and get rid of 1/2 the paperwork nonsense.
AB-32, is a job killer and if you look at the polls more people see this as well. Web Link
Just when you think that Al Gore is off to his sex-poodle stud farm. Up comes the next boogie man: Web Link
VOTE YES on Prop 23.
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 29, 2010 at 4:49 am
Walter_E_Wallis is a registered user.
In a recent issue of Engineering News Record the smog boys admitted that the data rationalizing extreme controls on diesel driven construction equipment was essentially a WAG, or wild assed guess. Texas is currently suing the EPA to stop enforcement of CO2, Greenhouse and other Warmie legislation because the "science" justifying the regulation that energy cons is deeply flawed. PG&E brags that energy consumption in California has grown less than in other states. Closed factories and idled farms are very economical in their energy use, but of little use to the economy. Sorry, Mr. Levy, but you're wrong again. Predictably.
a resident of Southgate
on Sep 29, 2010 at 7:23 am
" but Prop 23 is the deliberate avoidance of the issues facing us"
Peter, I disagree. Prop 23 will prevent us from jumping into an expensive job killing trap (which is what AB 32 is). AB 32 promises expensive boutique sporadic electrical generation (a net job killer)...it will not provide cheap baseload power, which would be a major job enhancer for the state.
It should not be overlooked that AB 32 is driving a major rape of the Mojave desert, as the energy companies cover it up with inefficient solar panels. By contrast, modular mini-nuclear units can be sited in each town or city, with a very small footprint.
Vote "yes" on Prop 23 if you want to save jobs and the environment.
a resident of Professorville
on Sep 29, 2010 at 11:00 am
"Yes, that was the original claim, by some. Probably a tad too optimistic, but not by much, ..."
Lewis L. Strauss, who made that claim, was not just "some," he was chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission. He knew very well what he was saying. Web Link
To express my opinion charitably, I think it shows the nuclear advocates are not good at thinking their position through. Why should we believe what you people say now, when you admit we can't believe what your highest priest said then?
"... if the forces alligned against nuclear did not put up so many legal obstacles."
But that's the point, isn't it? They didn't believe the nuclear fantasies then, and you have conceded they were right not to believe.
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 29, 2010 at 11:19 am
Walter_E_Wallis is a registered user.
"Too cheap to meter?" Not unbelievable. In Sacramento until recently that applied to water. They charged a flat rate depending on connection size. Edison's electric company charged by the light bulb.
Charging by wire size eliminates cost of meters and readers. The re ord of nuclear safety in commercial and naval reactors for half a century has beat almost any other energy form.
a resident of Southgate
on Sep 29, 2010 at 11:22 am
Polly cracker,
I believe your thinking is convoluted.
If nuclear power was allowed to develop, without the paranoids throwing up so much legal and political interference, the electrcity produced may well have been too cheap to meter. This does not mean that it would be free, just that metering would be a waste of resources, vs. a structured fee model.
You seem to have watched too many reruns of Jane Fonda and her China syndrome myths.
I think most of us want a prosperous California economy. We cannot get there by buying expensive boutique energy.
Vote "yes" on Prop 23. Then demand a real answer: NUCLEAR!
a resident of Professorville
on Sep 29, 2010 at 12:42 pm
"I believe your thinking is convoluted."
Believe what you want; the facts remain facts. The "paranoids throwing up so much legal and political interference" are rational people who don't believe what the nuclear advocates tell them because they have been lied to and they found out. Most people believe the "paranoids," not the other side, for good reason: their case lacks the convolution of the advocates' case.
A convincing rational case for nuclear power would be far more effective than calling your opponents silly names. You not only do not have one, you have a Chernobyl-sized hole to crawl out of, and that is why you are getting nowhere. Your frustration is perfectly understandable.
a resident of Southgate
on Sep 29, 2010 at 1:10 pm
"the facts remain facts"
Polly cracker, I agree with you. Now please inform all of us about the danger of nuclear power in the United States. For example, have more people been killed by electric nuclear plant radiation, or in the back of Senator Kennedy's car? Was Three Mile Island a safety success or a safety failure? Does electrcity from coal fired plants produce more or less released radiation? Is it more dangerous to live next to a nuclear plant, or in Denver, CO? Does low cost electrcity save more lives than high cost electricity?
Have at it, Polly...
In the meantime, if rational people want a prosperous state, vote "yes" on Prop 23...and demand nuclear.
a resident of University South
on Sep 29, 2010 at 1:22 pm
stephen levy is a registered user.
The main campaign debate is about the impact of AB 32 and Prop 23 on the Califoria economy. The YES side argues that AB 32 is a "job killer" a phrase regularly used when someone opposes a policy. The NO campaign argues that AB 32 will be good for the economy and that the YES campaign is almost entirely funded by "Texas oil companies" arguing for their self-interest.
This will take several posts to discuss thoughtfully but I will start here with two arguments from posters that are either wrong or contradictory.
Walter, above, implies that the energy efficency gains in California are becaues we have "closed factories and idle farms".
California's energy efficiency gains starting form landmark 1978 legislation, are estimated to have saved businesses and residents $56 billion. The state's energy efficiency gains were present in 1990 at the end of the defense spending boom, in 1995 after a long recession, in 2000 at the height of the dot.com boom and today. They are real and do not depend on "closed factories".
The 1978 policies by the California Energy Commission were fought as "job killers" as were the smog control device regulations from an earlier era. Both claims turned oot to be false. One of the positive impacts of AB 32 is spurring another round of cost-savong efficiecny gains.
The nuclear argument is interesting but nuclear advocates are wrong in how to cast their vote. FYI, I, like Paul Losch, am open to esploring nuclear power options as part of our energy future.
The Governor favors AB 32, urges a NO vote on Prop 23 and advocates for considering nuclear power. Nuclear power is regularly listed as a renewable energy option although many people would disagree.
New nuclear power plants are now banned in California so it seems to me given the politics that the best course for advocates is to leave the oil advocates behind, vote NO on Prop 23 and argue with centrist environmentalists to include a "nuclear option" in the state's renewable goals going forward.
a resident of Southgate
on Sep 29, 2010 at 2:19 pm
Let me cut to the chase: The CEOs of this country think California is the worst business enviroment among all the states (I have already provided the reference). You seem to think that the business enviroment will improve if we have higher cost energy, and sporadic at that (wind and solar). However, what would the CEOs think if California suddenly opened up to nuclear power, and committed to not treating it, or any other energy source in a differential manner?
My guess is that this state would boom with new economic activty, cleaner air, more golden eagles and more happy babies (OK, maybe that's a step too far!).
Of course, Stephen, you are the paid economist, so why don't you actually run your own survey of national CEOs? If they tell you that they want to spend more on boutique electricity in California, then you will be making headlines.
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 29, 2010 at 6:14 pm
>>> The Governor favors AB 32, urges a NO vote on Prop 23 and advocates for considering nuclear power.
The Governor has never made a thing in his life, he has been an element in someone else's vision of a work product. As a body builder and an actor he was use by others to make a final work product. He simply is unqualified to comment on manufacturing or what it takes to make products. I would be most happy to show him the work station in front of a 3 phase 40 taper HAAS VMC and let him find the product in a block of 4130. And unless and until he demonstrates he has any experience in manufacturing I will choose to listen to my peers and others knowledgeable in the matter at hand.
From what I have read over the over the years Stephen Levy is also throughly unknowledgeable in the matter of manufacturing. So let me be blunt if I paid Texas State taxes and Texas State power bills I could hire 3 more personnel. The truth is AB32 will increase my PGE power bill thus adding to by overhead and making me less competitive.
Just imagine if I take my multi-million dollar business and move to Texas how many jobs will leave California? More thanjust me and my staff. All the support services I use will leave as well.
>>> Nuclear power is regularly listed as a renewable energy option although many people would disagree.
Those who are propagandized by the unknowledgeable are lead to this belief.
Nuclear power is the most renewable and the best alternative energy source. Additionally the country's 104 reactors have the best safety record of any industry.
Coal on the other hand is not good. Thorium and other radioactive species in coal ash are not being treated as radioactive waste. Yet this stuff is spewed into the air we breathe. Radioactive Elements in Coal and Fly Ash, USGS Factsheet 163-97 Web Link
a resident of Professorville
on Sep 29, 2010 at 6:37 pm
"Have at it, Polly..."
I'd like to, but the arguments for nuclear power always get weaker, shriller, and often degenerate to ad hominem attacks as their proponents come under more pressure. That's not much to work with. If you are representative of Prop 23's opponents, then I am solidly for it.
But I will make a deal with you. Since our votes cancel, I will pledge not to vote on the issue if you and 11 others on your side will do likewise.
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 30, 2010 at 11:23 am
Walter_E_Wallis is a registered user.
I suppose my argument sounds weak and shrill when compared to the those arguments untouched by logic, but hey, a man uses what he has, in my case a half century of engineering analysis. Petr Beckman's "The Health Hazards of Not Going Nuclear" has withstood the test of time, confuting the arguments that have seen Carter's ban on recycling to stop the spread of nuclear weaponry [we all know how successful that has been] to the decision to abandon the waste repository because of the possibility that some radioactive particles might, in 10,000 years, reach the LA water supply. The fact that any such seepage radiation would be of such low concentration as to be undetectable against the natural background radiation.
We have a man running for governor who California's ban on new nuclear plants "Until acceptable means of storing the wastes" are found, then allowing judges to rule that 10,000 years of safety are not enough, a million is the least acceptable.
a resident of Downtown North
on Sep 30, 2010 at 4:56 pm
"I suppose my argument sounds weak and shrill when compared to the those arguments untouched by logic"
No, I think they are somewhat stronger and more confidently presented than that other guy's argument. At least, right now they are. But tell me, as an engineer, don't you find Beckmann's conditional rejection of Maxwell's equations somewhat disturbing?
a resident of University South
on Oct 1, 2010 at 5:00 pm
stephen levy is a registered user.
The main issue that the YES on 23 campaign raises is that AB 32 is a "job killer". The campaign and others have decided to fight back agreeing with the Governor and most of the Silicon Valley venture capital community that Prop 23 is a job killer.
Web Link
So this is the battle of sound bites.
The argument that the YES on 23 campaign wildly exaggerates in an effort to scare people is that parts of AB 32 will temporarily raise some energy prices and that could have a negative economic impact.
The reasoning is accurate but the actual numbers are tiny and likely to be far off in the future if at all. And the potential loss of clean energy jobs is just as likely and could be far larger.
All of the credible economic analyses of AB 32 find that gross economic impacts are tiny (plus or minus) in relation to the size of the CA economy, not counting health or environmental benefits of clean energy jobs.
More later.
a resident of Southgate
on Oct 1, 2010 at 5:38 pm
Web Link
If you want to argue sound bites, well this is one from the SJ Mercury (to counter Tom, quaking-at-the-knees, Friedman).
The much more important issue is to how to get beyond the sound bites.
Nuclear energy acts to help solve all the major issues. Why are we shackling ourselves with boutique energy, when we could have nearly limitless cheap and clean energy? Makes no sense.
Vote YES on Prop 23. Don't be distracted.
a resident of Barron Park
on Oct 3, 2010 at 2:09 pm
For a blog about economics, no one here, especially Mr. Levy, seems to have read, let alone understood Bastiat's Broken Window Fallacy.
Higher taxes can never create more jobs than are destroyed by the resulting diminishment of investment capital elsewhere in the economy.
You can perform as many mental gymnastics as you want, but the fact of the matter is that AB32 forces spending in an area where private investment has not identified a growth opportunity. That alone would mean for every job created there would be at least one job lost, but given government subsidies, even more money will be lost due to inefficiency, overpaid bureaucrats, corruption and fraud.
There has never been a government in the history of the world that has taxed and regulated it's way to prosperity. Spain gives the most recent example of what happens when a government tries to command a green economy. Web Link
a resident of Downtown North
on Oct 3, 2010 at 7:56 pm
I see your logic.
"There has never been a government in the history of the world that has taxed and regulated it's way to prosperity."
Is this really true? If so it's a very strong fact from my point of view. Can you point me to documentation of this - say, 30 governments that have tried to tax and regulate and did not improve their economy by doing so? Didn't Greece and Rome both do this? Examples of a few governments that have gained prosperity as a clear result of lowered taxes would add to the strength of the argument.
a resident of University South
on Oct 8, 2010 at 12:59 pm
stephen levy is a registered user.
More companies come out against Prop 23
Levi Strauss, Target, eBay, Nike, Starbucks, Symantec, Gap and others along with the state's major utilities.
Web Link
a resident of Menlo Park
on Oct 8, 2010 at 1:08 pm
but texas oil companies and pge represent you?
how about chamber of commerce running ads paid for by Bahrain petroleum company?
why do you hate a clean California ?
a resident of Midtown
on Oct 8, 2010 at 1:41 pm
>>>>> why do you hate a clean California ?
say what? hate? Hate is something trapped in your own twisted mind.
What I oppose is CARB a non-elected body of cheats, stealing money from all Californians. But more important I have a natural dislike for liars. These are same liars that put MTBE in gas that, whoops, got into the water. How much debt the California rack up for MTBE clean-up?
SEE HERE: Mary Nichols, chairwoman of the California Air Resources Board, offered no explanation when The Chronicle questioned her about the diesel emissions miscalculation. She was recently asked why the air board estimate of a nitrous oxide source was off by at least a factor of two - air board scientists have since revised their numbers, and data show the estimate was off by 340 percent. Nichols' response: "I can't answer that for you." Web Link
VOTE YES on Prop 23.
a resident of Menlo Park
on Oct 8, 2010 at 1:51 pm
you like foregn oil companies buying ads for chamber of commerce Bahrain petroleum
for texas oil companies to buy election
i rather californians appointed by elected officials make decision
not bahrain or texas billionares
who trapped in twisted mind?
a resident of Midtown
on Oct 8, 2010 at 2:14 pm
What I like are these little words.
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances."
Texas Oil or Sierra Club, Hugo Chávez or Saudi Oil the above covers them all. If you don't like it move to Thailand and speak out about the king, I won't miss you.
As for CARB you need to look into the art of political conflict of Interest. The practice of California political officials of filling government positions with employees of his or her own choosing to benefit there political standing. Happens all the time in Sacramento.
Why do you think Whitman is spending 100+ million for a 200k job?
VOTE YES on Prop 23.
a resident of Menlo Park
on Oct 8, 2010 at 2:21 pm
"or the right of the people"
thank you
bahrain petroleum not american people
is texas oil company a people?
do it die? have kid get sick? is it a kid and get asthma?
or just make your kid sick from pollution?
you forgot promote general welfare of people
a resident of University South
on Oct 8, 2010 at 3:16 pm
stephen levy is a registered user.
If you don't like government to make any rules or regulations, you will probably not like AB 32.
But then you are probably against food safety or drug standards, air quality rules, consumer safety protections, zoning regulations and the like.
I think government has a legitimate and useful role in correcting situations where the private market incentives are not sufficient to guide companies to take account of the impact of their actions on the broader society. It is not that companies are evil. It is true though that companies acting rationally will not see the incentive, in this case, to have the optimal level of emissions or air quality.
Public regulatory powers are broadly accepted in America's free market economy as the best way to combine private enterprise with making sure the public good in terms of health, safety and fairness are taken into account in private decision making.
The majority of people who serve on air quality boards like ARB are themselves elected officials or are appointed by elected officials. They make decisions without being directly elected in the same way that federal or state agencies make decisions by people who are appointed.
Besides the potential for fostering job growth related to newe clean energy goods and services and besides saving money for businesses and consumers through inducing energy efficiencies, air quality regulations in California make the state a place that people can live and work in. Air quality regulations are a strong pro-business climate policy in the state.
I grew up in Los Angeles in the days when there were frequent smog alerts. The air quality management district adotped regulations that were regularly fought as job killers.
Yet without these regulatiobs the air would have remained so bad that there would be little incentive to locate in the region.
I don't find all regulations good automatically but I find AB 32 to be a good set of regulations and incentives for all the reasons stated in my original post.
The broad support from California businesses suggests that they are not weded to an anti-government ideology or sound bite mentality.
Join me in voting no on Prop 23.
a resident of Midtown
on Oct 8, 2010 at 4:16 pm
>>>> If you don't like government to make any rules or regulations, you will probably not like AB 32.
More wide open full throttle nonsense.
What I don't like is the government to make any rules or regulations, base upon lies and false science.
Web Link
A smart move: Mary could cancel all regulations bases on this "error" and go with the facts.
VOTE YES on Prop 23.
a resident of Menlo Park
on Oct 8, 2010 at 4:20 pm
these folk appointed by elected officials
wassa matta?
you no vote like meg and carly?
maybe you go to kentucky and vote libertarian
remove all stop signs
a resident of University South
on Oct 13, 2010 at 12:43 pm
stephen levy is a registered user.
I know the NO on Prop 23 campaign is making a big deal about the fact that "Texas oil companies" are funding the yes campaign.
It is true and I guess it resonates with voters but it is not an argument that I use for voting NO.
About a week ago I saw an article about the Marines using solar power in Afghanistan.
Here is one quote from the longer article
"There are a lot of profound reasons for doing this, but for us at the core it's practical," said Ray Mabus, the Navy secretary and a former ambassador to Saudi Arabia, who has said he wants 50 percent of the power for the Navy and Marines to come from renewable energy sources by 2020. That figure includes energy for bases as well as fuel for cars and ships.
"Fossil fuel is the No. 1 thing we import to Afghanistan," Mr. Mabus said, "and guarding that fuel is keeping the troops from doing what they were sent there to do, to fight or engage local people."
As I argue above national security and foreign policy considerations support the rapid movement toward alternative energy sources.
The full article is here
Web Link
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text:
I make mine with a box of small shells cooked in salty water. Drain and rinse. Dump into a large bowl. Add two large chopped tomatoes and one large chopped green bell pepper. Cook 1 lb. of bacon in microwave, crumble and add to bowl. Add salt to taste and lots of black pepper. Stir in Miracle Whip until everything is coated to your liking. Let marinate for at least 2 hours.
My family loves this, 'specially with fresh garden tomatoes. It keeps well in the fridge IF it lasts that long.


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text:
I've noticed mostly that experienced top bar folks refer to front and back of their hives. I was planning on opening an entrance on the side. What problems might this cause that i'm not thinking about?
I've noticed mostly that experienced top bar folks refer to front and back of their hives. I was planning on opening an entrance on the side. What problems might this cause that i'm not thinking about?
My Mom's other kids are smarter than me, but i'm not nearly as nice.
Actually from what I've been reading an entrance on one "end" of the side of a top bar hive is a good location compared to the front for a number of reasons. One of them has to do w/ wind blowing into and down the length of the hive. (here in West Texas wind is a big issue which is why I remember that part) Also, there is a site that has pictures of hives made by Les Crowder in New Mexico where they say that he made hives w/ both types of entrances and the bees preferred the side entrance. So, I suspect that it's a good choice.
Granted my info is based solely on research to date - the other folks who answer questions here regularaly probably will offer more info.
I smile like this because I have no idea what I\'m doing :-)
I just leave the front bar back and that's my entrance. No holes in the hive.
Michael Bush bushfarms.com/bees.htm "Everything works if you let it." ThePracticalBeekeeper.com 42y 40h 39yTF
Hi Jim
Actually a good question. not sure if anyone has actually agreed on what is the front and what is the back.
When I have used the terms front and back, I have been referring to the direction from the entrance. So if I am talking about the back of the hive, even in a hive with a side entrance, I am talking about the bar furthest from the entrance.
Not sure if everyone agrees with this. But since the hives are basically longitudinal, it doesn't mean much to refer to the other dimension.
Given what I have seen in natural hive I don't think it matters one bit. I put mine on the front of the hive because I think it looks nicer. How about THAT for science? [img]smile.gif[/img]
I prefer the front or South side at the bottom but purely for aesthetics. Consider this Michael leaves the front bar back 3/8ths inch and heat rises wouldnÂt this be perfect for venting a TBH.
Procrastination is the assassination of inspiration.
The bees prefer a south facing entrance, and they prefer combs that face east towards the rising sun (axis roughly north-south). The "ideal" entrance would be at the front of the hive on the side, like the calkenyan hive, but that's a design issue and harder to do without some carpentry experience. I put mine on the front end the bees do just fine, bees will build whereever they can, but they do prefer south entrances, and build comb with the porch facing the sun (that's a housel position thing which has to do with the Y placement relationship with the facing to the sun).
Scot Mc Pherson
McPherson Family Honey Farms
Davenport, IA
BeeWiki: http://beewiki.linuxfromscratch.org

Pics:
 http://linuxfromscratch.org/~scot/pics/bees/
> The bees prefer a south facing entrance,
Well, I'm glad someone has asked the bees,
after so many years of bees selecting new homes
when they swarm with entrances that point any
old which way! [img]smile.gif[/img]
> and they prefer combs that face east towards
> the rising sun (axis roughly north-south).
There are certain advantages to having combs
that are parallel to the "front", such as in
the "DE Hive" sold in Canada.
But either way, I've not seen any such trend
when the bees were left to their own devices
in a feral environment, so I have to ask
where all these preferences are coming from.
>The "ideal" entrance would be at the front of the hive on the side, like the calkenyan hive, but that's a design issue and harder to do without some carpentry experience.<
I didn't need that much skill to drill some holes.
Procrastination is the assassination of inspiration.


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