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Health Information
Colon Cancer Prevention (Holistic)Skip to the navigation
About This Condition
Eat risk-reducing foods
Load up on healthy portions of fiber, tomato products, cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, kale, cabbage, Brussels sprouts), garlic, and onions, and eat less meat
Try selenium supplementation
Taking 200 mcg a day of this essential trace mineral may offer protection against a variety of cancers
Go for green tea
Drink several cups of green tea a day to benefit from the protective polyphenols found in tea leaves
Try vitamin C
Vitamin C has been shown to improve precancerous conditions in at-risk people
About This Condition
Colon cancer is a malignancy in the colon. It is characterized by unregulated replication of cells creating tumors, with the possibility of some of the cells spreading to other sites (metastasis).
This article includes a discussion of studies that have assessed whether certain vitamins, minerals, herbs, or other dietary ingredients offered in dietary or herbal supplements may be beneficial in connection with the reduction of risk of developing colon cancer.
This information is provided solely to aid consumers in discussing supplements with their healthcare providers. It is not advised, nor is this information intended to advocate, promote, or encourage self prescription of these supplements for cancer risk reduction or treatment. Furthermore, none of this information should be misconstrued to suggest that dietary or herbal supplements can or should be used in place of conventional anticancer approaches or treatments.
It should be noted that certain studies referenced below, indicating the potential usefulness of a particular dietary ingredient or dietary or herbal supplement in connection with the reduction of risk of colon cancer, are preliminary evidence only. Some studies suggest an association between high blood or dietary levels of a particular dietary ingredient with a reduced risk of developing colon cancer. Even if such an association were established, this does not mean that dietary supplements containing large amounts of the dietary ingredient will necessarily have a cancer risk reduction effect.
In Western countries, cancers of the colon and rectum account for more new cancer cases each year than any other site except the lung. Although the genetic susceptibility is low, some families have a predisposition for colon cancer that usually occurs before age 40. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease as well as familial polyposis, are disorders that, to varying degrees, increase the risk of colon cancer.
The initial symptoms of colon cancer depend on the location of the tumor. Cancer in the portion of the colon nearest the left side of the body and areas close to the rectum are the most common cause for a change in bowel habits and consistency of the stool. Cancer in this part of the colon may also cause a colicky pain that is made worse by eating. Blood mixed with the stool and bowel obstruction are other symptoms that characterize cancer at this site. Ineffectual and painful straining at stool may be a sign that the cancer is more advanced. Cancer localized to the part of the colon nearest the right side of the body may cause a generalized abdominal pain and brick red blood. It is commonly associated with iron-deficiency anemia , especially when no other cause can be identified. Cancers closer to the rectum often cause a steady gnawing pain and bright red blood coating the stool.
Healthy Lifestyle Tips
The following lifestyle changes have been studied in connection with colon cancer.
Exercise and prevention
Most studies show that people who exercise are at lower risk of colon cancer or precancerous changes in the colon, compared with sedentary people.1 , 2 , 3 , 4 Regular exercise appears to be one factor that will predictably lower the risk of colon cancer.
Obesity and risk
Several studies suggest that obesity in men significantly increases the risk of colon cancer5 or rectal cancer,6 though some scientists believe that obesity may only be a surrogate for other risk factors such as a high-fat diet or lack of exercise.7 Although the relationship between obesity and colon cancer risk in women is less clear, some researchers have found the increased risk of colon cancer in obese women as well as men.8
Smoking and risk
A history of smoking has been reported to significantly increase the risk of colon cancer in both men9 and women.10 Avoidance of tobacco is an important step in the prevention of colon cancer.
Eating Right
The right diet is the key to managing many diseases and to improving general quality of life. For this condition, scientific research has found benefit in the following healthy eating tips.
|Eat your veggies
Cruciferous vegetables, such as cabbage, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, and cauliflower, are associated with a reduced colon cancer risk.
Cabbage, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, and cauliflower belong to the Brassica family of vegetables, also known as "cruciferous" vegetables. In test-tube and animal studies, these foods have been associated with anticancer activity,11 possibly due to several substances found in these foods, such as indole-3-carbinol ,12 glucaric acid ( calcium D-glucarate ),13 and sulforaphane .14 In a preliminary human study, people who eat cruciferous vegetables were reported to have lower-than-average risks for colon cancer.15
|Enjoy coffee
Preliminary studies suggest that coffee drinkers may have a lower colon cancer risk than those who do not drink coffee, but more research is needed to confirm this link.
"Secondary bile acids" are substances in the gut that may increase the risk of colon and rectal cancers. Some researchers have hypothesized that coffee drinking might reduce the risks of colon and rectal cancers by decreasing the intestinal level of these substances.16 , 17 An analysis of preliminary studies suggests coffee drinkers have a significantly lower risk of these cancers compared to the risk in people who do not drink coffee.18 However, only studies using the weakest methods of inquiry have found this protective effect. Due to the lack of support from studies using stronger methodology, the association between coffee drinking and protection against colon or rectal cancers remains unproven.19
|Feast on fiber
Some, though not all, studies have shown that people who eat high amounts of fiber have a lower risk for colon cancer.
Until recently, most studies reported that people who ate a high-fiber diet were found to be at low risk for colon cancer.20 Some researchers believed protection against colon cancer comes specifically from eating wheat bran21 , 22 , 23 as opposed to other fibers. A clear understanding of how fiber might protect against colon cancer risk remains somewhat elusive.24
Recent research has begun to cast doubt on whether fiber provides significant protection against colon cancer,25 , 26 suggesting instead that consumption of meat and other animal products may be the primary culprit. Despite these recent reports, however, some doctors continue to believe that, until more definitive information is available, people wishing to reduce their risk of colon cancer should consume more fiber in their diets.
Consuming a diet high in insoluble fiber is best achieved by switching from white rice to brown rice and from bakery goods made with white flour or mixed flours to 100%-whole-wheat bread, whole-rye crackers, and whole-grain pancake mixes. Refined white flour is generally listed on food packaging labels as "flour,""enriched flour,""unbleached flour,""durum wheat,""semolina," or "white flour." Breads containing only whole wheat are often labeled "100% whole wheat."
|Spice it up with garlic and onions
Components in garlic and onions prevent nitrates from being converted into cancer-causing substances, and people who eat them often appear to have reduced colon cancer risk.
Garlic (Allium sativum) and onion (Allium cepa) belong to the group of plants known as Allium. Many other edible plants are found in this group, including leeks and chives. Preliminary studies have investigated the association between eating Allium herbs and the incidence of cancer. The most consistent data come from research focusing on the protective effects of Allium consumption against cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 Several preliminary studies have found that people who consume more Allium vegetables appear to have a reduced risk of colon cancer33 , 34 and precancerous colon polyps.35
Constituents in garlic and onions prevent the conversion of nitrates (compounds found in vegetables and, to a lesser extent, in water) to cancer-causing nitrites and nitrosamines.36
|Steer clear of sugar
Try satisfying your sweet tooth with fruit and unsweetened treats, as people who eat high amounts of sugar-containing foods have had an increased colon cancer risk. Whether this is due to other dietary or lifestyle factors remains unknown.
Preliminary studies have reported associations between an increasing intake of sugar or sugar-containing foods and an increased risk colon cancer.37 , 38 Whether this association exists because sugar directly promotes cancer, or because sugar consumption is only a marker for some other dietary or lifestyle factor, remains unknown.
|Team up with tomatoes
High in the antioxidant lycopene, tomatoes may protect against a variety of cancers including colon cancer.
Tomatoes contain lycopene -an antioxidant similar in structure to beta-carotene . Most lycopene in our diet comes from tomatoes, though traces of lycopene exist in other foods. Lycopene inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells in test-tube research.39
A review of published research found that higher intake of tomatoes or higher blood levels of lycopene correlated with protection from cancer in 57 of 72 studies. Findings in 35 of these studies were statistically significant.40 Evidence of a protective effect for tomato consumption was strongest for a variety of other cancers, but some evidence of a protective effect also appeared for colon cancer. Many doctors recommend that people who are not allergic to tomatoes increase their intake to reduce their risk of cancer.
|Cut back on salt
Associations between salt intake and colon cancer are reported in some preliminary studies. Although this connection has not been proven, it would be prudent to avoid excess salt.
Associations between salt intake and colon and rectal cancers are reported in some,41 but not all, preliminary studies.42 Doctors often do not mention salt restriction as part of a cancer-prevention diet because the only malignancy strongly associated with salt-stomach cancer-is no longer common in the United States despite our high intake of salt.
|Limit meat
Eat less meat or opt for meat that isn't well-done, fried, or heavily browned to reduce your colon cancer risk.
Most, but not all, studies43 show meat eaters have a high risk of colon cancer.44 , 45 , 46 In some colon cancer studies, the association has been limited to consumption of sausage or other processed meats.47 , 48
The association between cancer and consumption of meat depends in part on how well the meat is cooked. Well-done meat contains more carcinogenic material than does lightly cooked meat.49 Recent evidence from preliminary studies shows that people who eat well-done,50 fried or heavily-browned meat51 have a high risk of colon cancer.
However, not every report has found that exposure to carcinogens found in well-done meat leads to an increased risk of colon cancer.52 Some studies may have failed to find this link because they did not consider the effect of genetics. Susceptibility to the colon cancer-causing effects of well-cooked meat appears to be genetically determined.53 Therefore, only some people appear to increase their risk of colon cancer by consuming well-cooked meat. However, people are rarely tested to see if they are "rapid acetylators"-meat-eaters considered to be at high risk of colon cancer54-except as subjects in a research experiment.
Most nutritionally oriented doctors tell people wishing to reduce their risk of colon cancers to stop eating meat, or at least significantly reduce consumption, and to limit intake to meat that is rare or medium-cooked. Removing all meat from the diet may be safest because consumption of even rare or medium-cooked meat has been associated with at least some increase in risk.55
|Watch the fat
Dietary fat has long been regarded as an important influence on colon cancer development, but the association between the two remains inconsistent.
Dietary fat intake has long been regarded as an important nutritional influence on colon cancer development. Nevertheless, the association between colon cancer and total dietary fat remains inconsistent. Although there are known mechanisms by which a high dietary fat intake could promote tumor growth in the colon,56 a review of the research shows the strongest dietary association with colon cancer to be the intake of meat, not necessarily the fat content of the meat.57
|Cut down on alcohol
Doctors recommend that people wishing to reduce their colon cancer risk abstain from drinking alcohol. Those who continue to drink should take folic acid supplements.
Most,58 , 59 , 60 but not all,61 preliminary reports have found an association between beer drinking (though not consumption of other forms of alcohol) and rectal cancer. Beer drinking has also been associated with an increased risk of precancerous changes in the colon.62 Nitrosamines--cancer-causing chemicals found in beer--may be partially responsible for these associations.63 Several studies have found consumption of any form of alcohol to be associated with an increased risk of rectal and colon cancers, the link between rectal cancer and beer being only slightly stronger than the association between rectal cancer and consumption of other forms of alcohol.64 , 65
Alcohol can indirectly damage DNA-the material that allows cells to replicate normally. Abnormal replication of cells can lead to cancer. Folic acid , a B vitamin, appears to protect against alcohol-induced DNA damage. Increasingly, researchers believe that folic acid may be able to protect against some of the colon cancer-causing effects of alcohol.66 , 67 Doctors recommend that people wishing to reduce their risks of colon and rectal cancers abstain from drinking alcohol.
Those who continue to drink should take folic acid supplements. In one report, women taking multivitamins (often containing 400 mcg of folic acid per day) for at least 15 years had a 75% lower risk of colon cancer compared with women not taking such supplements.68
Our proprietary "Star-Rating" system was developed to help you easily understand the amount of scientific support behind each supplement in relation to a specific health condition. While there is no way to predict whether a vitamin, mineral, or herb will successfully treat or prevent associated health conditions, our unique ratings tell you how well these supplements are understood by some in the medical community, and whether studies have found them to be effective for other people.
For over a decade, our team has combed through thousands of research articles published in reputable journals. To help you make educated decisions, and to better understand controversial or confusing supplements, our medical experts have digested the science into these three easy-to-follow ratings. We hope this provides you with a helpful resource to make informed decisions towards your health and well-being.
3 Stars Reliable and relatively consistent scientific data showing a substantial health benefit.
2 Stars Contradictory, insufficient, or preliminary studies suggesting a health benefit or minimal health benefit.
1 Star For an herb, supported by traditional use but minimal or no scientific evidence. For a supplement, little scientific support.
2 Stars
Green Tea
Drink a few cups per day
The polyphenols in green tea leaves may help protect against colon cancer.
Green tea and black tea (Camellia sinensis) have both been studied to determine whether they cause or prevent cancer. The evidence on the protective effect of either type of tea is inconsistent.69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76
A number of preliminary studies have shown an association between drinking green tea and a reduced risk of some types of cancer,77 , 78 , 79 , 80 including colon cancer.81 , 82 In contrast, preliminary studies found that consumers of black tea do not appear to have a reduced risk of any type of cancer.83 , 84 , 85 , 86
2 Stars
200 mcg daily
Selenium appears to protect against a variety of cancers, including colon cancer.
Selenium has been reported to have diverse anticancer actions.87 , 88 Selenium inhibits cancer in animals.89 Low soil levels of selenium, probably associated with low dietary intake, have been associated with increased cancer incidence in humans.90 Blood levels of selenium have been reported to be low in patients with a variety of cancers,91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 including colon cancer.99 In preliminary reports, people with the lowest blood levels of selenium had between 3.8 and 5.8 times the risk of dying from cancer compared with those who had the highest selenium levels.100 , 101
The strongest evidence supporting the anticancer effects of selenium supplementation comes from a double-blind trial of 1,312 Americans with a history of skin cancer who were treated with 200 mcg of yeast-based selenium per day or placebo for 4.5 years, then followed for an additional two years.102 Although no decrease in skin cancers occurred, a dramatic 50% reduction in overall cancer deaths and a 37% reduction in total cancer incidence were observed. A statistically significant 58% decrease in cancers of the colon and rectum was reported.
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Through a variety of mechanisms, calcium appears to reduce precancerous conditions in the colon and the risk of colon cancer.
Caution: Calcium supplements should be avoided by prostate cancer patients.
Through a variety of mechanisms, calcium may have anticancer actions within the colon. Most,103 , 104 , 105 but not all,106 preliminary studies have found associations between taking calcium supplements and a reduced risk of colon cancer or precancerous conditions in the colon. In double-blind trials, calcium supplementation has significantly protected against precancerous changes in the colon in some,107 , 108 but not all, reports.109 , 110 While most evidence examining the ability of calcium supplementation to help prevent colon cancer appears hopeful, no research findings yet support the use of calcium supplements in people already diagnosed with colon cancer.
1 Star
Conjugated Linoleic Acid
Refer to label instructions
Preliminary and test tube studies indicate that CLA may reduce the risk of colon cancer.
Preliminary animal and test tube research suggests that CLA might reduce the risk of cancers at several sites, including breast , prostate , colorectal, lung , skin, and stomach.111 , 112 , 113 , 114 One preliminary study in humans suggests that increasing CLA intake may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.115
1 Star
Fish Oil
Refer to label instructions
Several studies have found that supplementing with fish oil reduces markers for colon cancer risk.
Several human studies have found that supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil leads to a reduction in markers for the risk of colon cancer.116 , 117 , 118 In each case, enough fish oil was supplemented to supply several grams of omega-3 fatty acids per day, though the optimal amount remains unknown.
1 Star
Folic Acid
400 mcg daily
Folic acid appears to help prevent colon cancer, especially in people with ulcerative colitis and people who drink alcohol.
People with ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk for colon cancer. Many patients with this disease take the drug sulfasalazine , which depletes folic acid.119 In a preliminary report, patients with long-standing UC who took folic acid supplements (at least 400 mcg per day) had a 62% lower incidence of colon cancer or precancerous changes in the colon, compared with those who did not supplement with folic acid.120 Although this difference was not statistically significant, the researchers recommended that people who take sulfasalazine should supplement with folic acid to potentially reduce the risk of colon cancer.121
As dietary folate increases, the risks of precancerous polyps in the colon122 and colon cancer itself decrease, according to some,123 but not all, reports.124 In one study, women who had taken folic acid supplements had a statistically significant 75% reduction in the risk of colon cancer, compared with women not taking folic acid supplements, but only when they had been supplementing with folic acid for more than 15 years.125 In another report, the association between dietary folate and protection from precancerous polyps grew much stronger when use of folic acid supplements was considered (as opposed to studying only folate intake from food).126 However, one double-blind study found that supplementing with 1 mg of folic acid per day for three to eight years did not prevent recurrences of precancerous polyps in people who had already had at least one polyp.127
The protection from colon cancer associated with high intake of folate has been reported to occur more in consumers of alcohol than in nondrinkers.128 This finding fits well with evidence that folate reverses damage to DNA caused by alcohol consumption.129 Damaged DNA can lead to abnormal cellular replication-a step toward cancer.
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Preliminary research suggests that glutathione might have anticancer activity by binding with cancer-causing agents or by acting as an antioxidant.
Glutathione is an antioxidant made in the body, found in some foods, and available as a supplement. Preliminary research suggests that glutathione might have anticancer activity by binding with cancer causing agents or by acting as an antioxidant.
1 Star
Vitamin C
Refer to label instructions
Vitamin C has been shown to improve precancerous conditions in at-risk people.
Women, but not men, who took vitamin C supplements were reported to have a reduced risk of colon cancer, according to a preliminary report.130
Familial polyposis is a disease that usually leads to colon cancer. In a double-blind study, supplementation with 3 grams per day of vitamin C for nine months led to a reduction in the number of precancerous polyps in people with familial polyposis.131 In another controlled trial, combining vitamin C with vitamin A and vitamin E led to a dramatic reduction in the recurrence of adenomatous polyps-another precancerous condition of the colon.132 However, other trials attempting to prevent recurrence of adenomatous polyps using vitamin C alone or in combination with other vitamins have reported no therapeutic effect133 or only weak trends favoring the group given supplements.134 , 135
Therefore, the ability of vitamin C supplementation to reduce recurrences of precancerous polyps remains unproven. Whether long-term supplementation with vitamin C would directly help in the prevention of colon cancer has not yet been studied.
1 Star
Vitamin D
Refer to label instructions
People who take vitamin D supplements have been shown to be at low risk for colon cancer.
Ultraviolet light from sun exposure increases the risk of skin cancers and melanoma. Nonetheless, where sun exposure is low, rates of several cancers have been reported to be high.136 , 137 , 138 An association between greater sun exposure and a reduced risk of colon cancer has appeared in some,139 but not all, studies.140
In preliminary reports, people who take vitamin D supplements have been reported to be at low risk for colon cancer, though the differences between supplement takers and others might have been due to chance.141 , 142 More research is needed to determine whether vitamin D supplements may be useful in connection with the prevention of colon cancer.
1 Star
Vitamin E
Refer to label instructions
In most preliminary reports, vitamin E appears to protect against cancer.
In most,143 , 144 but not all, preliminary reports, people who take vitamin E supplements were found to have decreased risks of precancerous colon polyps and colon cancer, compared with those who do not take vitamin E.145 Although a double-blind study of male smokers reported that those receiving low amounts of vitamin E (equivalent to approximately 50 IU per day) had a higher incidence of precancerous colon polyps than those assigned to placebo,146 the same trial found a trend toward lower risk of colon cancer in the vitamin E group.147 Insufficient information exists for making recommendations regarding the use of vitamin E in connection with the prevention of colon cancer.
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64. Kaltsky AL, Armstrong MA, Friedman GD, Hiatt RA. The relations of alcoholic beverage use to colon and rectal cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1988;128:1007-15.
65. Freudenheim JL, Graham S, Marshall JR, et al. Lifetime alcohol intake and risk of rectal cancer in Western New York. Nutr Cancer 1990;13:101-0.
66. Boutron-Ruault M-C, Senesse P, Faivre J, et al. Folate and alcohol intakes: related or independent roles in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence? Nutr Cancer 1996;26:337-46.
67. Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Folate, methionine, and alcohol intake and risk of colorectal adenoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:875-84.
68. Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Multivitamin use, folate, and colon cancer in women in the Nurses' Health Study. Ann Intern Med 1998;129:517-24.
69. Kono S, Ikeda M, Tokudome S, Kuratsune M. A case-control study of gastric cancer and diet in northern Kyushu, Japan. Jpn J Cancer Res 1988;79:1067-74.
70. Gao YT, McLaughlin JK, Blot WJ, et al. Reduced risk of esophageal cancer associated with green tea consumption. J Natl Cancer Inst 1994;86:855-8.
71. Ji BT, Chow WH, Hsing AW, et al. Green tea consumption and the risk of pancreatic and colorectal cancers. Int J Cancer 1997;70:255-8.
72. Ohno Y, Wakai K, Genka K, et al. Tea consumption and lung cancer risk: A case-control study in Okinawa, Japan. Jpn J Cancer Res 1995;86:1027-34.
73. Fujiki H. Two stages of cancer prevention with green tea. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1999;125:589-97 [review].
74. Goldbohm RA, Hertog MGL, Brants HAM, et al. Consumption of black tea and cancer risk: A prospective cohort study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:93-100.
75. Heilbrun L, Nomura A, Stemmermann G. Black tea consumption and cancer risk: A prospective study. Br J Cancer 1986;54:677-83.
76. Phillips RL, Snowdon DA. Dietary relationship with fatal colorectal cancer among Seven-Day Adventists. J Natl Cancer Inst 1985;74:307-17.
77. Kono S, Ikeda M, Tokudome S, Kuratsune M. A case-control study of gastric cancer and diet in northern Kyushu, Japan. Jpn J Cancer Res 1988;79:1067-74.
78. Gao YT, McLaughlin JK, Blot WJ, et al. Reduced risk of esophageal cancer associated with green tea consumption. J Natl Cancer Inst 1994;86:855-8.
79. Ji BT, Chow WH, Hsing AW, et al. Green tea consumption and the risk of pancreatic and colorectal cancers. Int J Cancer 1997;70:255-8.
80. Ohno Y, Wakai K, Genka K, et al. Tea consumption and lung cancer risk: A case-control study in Okinawa, Japan. Jpn J Cancer Res 1995;86:1027-34.
81. Fujiki H. Two stages of cancer prevention with green tea. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1999;125:589-97 [review].
82. Yang G, Shu XO, Li H, et al. Prospective cohort study of green tea consumption and colorectal cancer risk in women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16:1219-23.
83. Goldbohm RA, Hertog MGL, Brants HAM, et al. Consumption of black tea and cancer risk: A prospective cohort study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:93-100.
84. Heilbrun L, Nomura A, Stemmermann G. Black tea consumption and cancer risk: A prospective study. Br J Cancer 1986;54:677-83.
85. Phillips RL, Snowdon DA. Dietary relationship with fatal colorectal cancer among Seven-Day Adventists. J Natl Cancer Inst 1985;74:307-17.
86. Shimizu M, Fukutomi Y, Ninomiya M, et al. Green tea extracts for the prevention of metachronous colorectal adenomas: a pilot study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17:3020-5.
87. Medina D. Mechanisms of selenium inhibition of tumorigenesis. Adv Exp Med Biol 1986;206:465-72.
88. Beisel WR. Single nutrients and immunity. Am J Clin Nutr 1982;35:417-68.
89. Medina D, Morrison DG. Current ideas on selenium as a chemopreventative agent. Pathol Immunopathol Res 1988;7:187-99.
90. Shamberger RJ, Rukoven E, Lonfield AK, et al. Antioxidants and cancer. I. Selenium in the blood of normals and cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 1973;4:863-70.
91. Burney PGJ, Comstock GW, Morris JS. Serologic precursors of cancer: serum micronutrients and the subsequent risk of pancreatic cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 1989;49:895-900.
92. Toma S, Micheletti A, Giacchero A, et al. Selenium therapy in patients with precancerous and malignant oral cavity lesions: preliminary results. Cancer Detection Prev 1991;15:491-3.
93. Willett WC, Polk BF, Morris JS, et al. Prediagnostic serum Selenium and risk of cancer. Lancet 1983;42:130-4.
94. Helzlsouer KJ, Comstock GW, Morris JS. Selenium, lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, �-carotene, retinol, and subsequent bladder cancer. Cancer Res 1989;49:6144-8.
95. Jaskiewicz K, Marasas WF, Rossouw JE, et al. Selenium and other mineral elements in populations at risk for esophageal cancer. Cancer 1988;62:2635-9.
96. Knekt P, Aromaa A, Maatela J, et al. Serum selenium and subsequent risk of cancer among Finnish men and women. J Natl Cancer Inst 1990;82:864-8.
97. Yu M-W, Horng I-S, Hsu K-H, et al. Plasma selenium levels and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among men with chronic hepatitis virus infection. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:367-74.
98. Knekt P, Marniemi J, Teppo L, et al. Is low selenium status a risk factor for lung cancer? Am J Epidemiol 148:975-82.
99. Scieszka M, Danch A, Machalski M, Drozdz M. Plasma selenium concentration in patients with stomach and colon cancer in the Upper Silesia. Neoplasma 1997;44:395-7.
100. Fex G, Pettersson B, Akesson B. Low plasma selenium as a risk factor for cancer death in middle-aged men. Nutr Cancer 1987;10:221-9.
101. Salonen J, Salonen R, Lappetelainen R, et al. Risk of cancer in relation to serum concentrations of selenium and vitamins A and E; matched case-control analysis of prospective data. BMJ 1985;290:417-20.
102. Clark LC, Combs GF Jr, Turnbull BW, et al. Effects of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in patients with carcinoma of the skin. JAMA 1996;276:1957-63.
103. Whelan RL, Horvath KD, Gleason NR, et al. Vitamin and calcium supplement use is associated with decreased adenoma recurrence in patients with a previous history of neoplasia. Dis Colon Rectum 1999;42:212-7.
104. White E, Shannon JS, Patterson RE. Relationship between vitamin and calcium supplement use and colon cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1997;6:769-74.
105. Kampman E, Slattery ML, Caan B, Potter JD. Calcium, vitamin D, sunshine exposure, dairy products and colon cancer risk (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2000;11:459-466.
106. Neugut AI, Horvath K, Whelan RL, et al. The effect of calcium and vitamin supplements on the incidence and recurrence of colorectal adenomatous polyps. Cancer 1996;78:723-8.
107. Baron JA, Beach M, Mandel JS, et al. Calcium supplements for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med 1999;340:101-7.
108. Bostick RM, Fosdick L, Wood JR, et al. Calcium and colorectal epithelial cell proliferation in sporadic adenoma patients: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:1307-15.
109. Cats A, Kleibeuker JH, van der Meer R, et al. Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled intervention study with supplemental calcium in families with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:598-603.
110. Baron JA, Tosteson TD, Wargovich MJ, et al. Calcium supplementation and rectal mucosal proliferation: a randomized controlled trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:1303-7.
111. Cesano A, Visonneau S, Scimeca JA, et al. Opposite effects of linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid on human prostatic cancer in SCID mice. Anticancer Res 1998;18:1429-34.
112. Thompson H, Zhu Z, Banni S, et al. Morphological and biochemical status of the mammary gland as influenced by conjugated linoleic acid: implication for a reduction in mammary cancer risk. Cancer Res 1997;57:5067-72.
113. Ip C. Review of the effects of trans fatty acids, oleic acid, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and conjugated linoleic acid on mammary carcinogenesis in animals. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;66(suppl):1523S-29S [review].
114. Parodi PW. Cows' milk fat components as potential anticarcinogenic agents. J Nutr 1997;127:1055-60 [review].
115. Larsson SC, Bergkvist L, Wolk A. High-fat dairy food and conjugated linoleic acid intakes in relation to colorectal cancer incidence in the Swedish Mammography Cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;82:894-900.
116. Bartram H-P, Gostner A, Kelber E, et al. Effects of fish oil on fecal bacterial enzymes and steroid excretion in healthy volunteers: implications for colon cancer prevention. Nutr Cancer 12996;25:71-8.
117. Huang Y-C, Jessup JM, Forse RA, et al. n-3 fatty acids decrease colonic epithelial cell proliferation in high-risk bowel mucosa. Lipids 1996;31:S313-7.
118. Anti M, Armelaoe F, Marra G, et al. Effects of different doses of fish oil on rectal cell proliferation in patients with sporadic colonic adenomas. Gastroenterology 1994;107:1709-18.
119. Longstreth GF, Green R. Folate status in patients receiving maintenance doses of sulfasalazine. Arch Intern Med 1983;143:902-4.
120. Lashner BA, Heidenreich PA, Su GL, et al. Effect of folate supplementation on the incidence of dysplasia and cancer in chronic ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 1989;97:255-9.
121. Lashner BA, Heidenreich PA, Su GL, et al. Effect of folate supplementation on the incidence of dysplasia and cancer in chronic ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 1989;97:255-9.
122. Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Folate, methionine, and alcohol intake and risk of colorectal adenoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:875-84.
123. Benito E, Stiggelbout A, Bosch FX, et al. Nutritional factors in colorectal cancer risk: a case-control study in Majorca. Int J Cancer 1991;49:161-7.
124. Baron JA, Sandler RS, Haile RW, et al. Folate intake, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and risk of colorectal adenomas. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998;90:57-62.
125. Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Multivitamin use, folate, and colon cancer in women in the Nurses' Health Study. Ann Intern Med 1998;129:517-24.
126. Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Folate, methionine, and alcohol intake and risk of colorectal adenoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:875-84.
127. Cole BF, Baron JA, Sandler RS, et al. Folic acid for the prevention of colorectal adenomas: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2007;297:2351-9.
128. Boutron-Ruault M-C, Senesse P, Faivre J, et al. Folate and alcohol intakes: related or independent roles in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence? Nutr Cancer 1996;26:337-46.
129. Cravo ML, Pinto AG, Chaves P, et al. Effect of folate supplementation on DNA methylation of rectal mucosa in patients with colonic adenomas: correlation with nutrient intake. Clin Nutr 1998;17:45-9.
130. Shibata A, Paganini-Hill A, Ross RK, Henderson BE. Intake of vegetables, fruits, beta-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin supplements and cancer incidence among the elderly: a prospective study. Br J Cancer 1992;66:673-9.
131. Bussey HJR, DeCosse JJ, Deschner EE, et al. A randomized trial of ascorbic acid in polyposis coli. Cancer 1982;50:1434-9.
132. Ponz de Leon M, Roncucci L. Chemoprevention of colorectal tumors: role of lactulose and of other agents. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1997;222:72-5.
133. Greenberg ER, Baron JA, Tosteson TD, et al. A clinical trial of antioxidant vitamins to prevent colorectal adenoma. N Engl J Med 1994;331:141-7.
134. McKeown-Eyssen G, Holloway C, Jazmaji V, et al. A randomized trial of vitamins C and E in the prevention of recurrence of colorectal polyps. Cancer Res 1988;48:4701-5.
135. DeCosse JJ, Miller HH, Lesser ML. Effect of wheat fiber and vitamins C and E on rectal polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. J Natl Cancer Inst 1989;81:1290-7.
136. Gorham ED, Garland FC, Garland CF. Sunlight and breast cancer incidence in the USSR. Int J Epidemiol 1990;19:820-4.
137. Lefkowitz ES, Garland CF. Sunlight, vitamin D, and ovarian cancer mortality rates in US women. Int J Epidemiol 1994;23:113-6.
138. Studzinski GP, Moore DC. Sunlight--can it prevent as well as cause cancer? Cancer Res 1995;55:4014-22 [review].
139. Garland CF, Garland FC, Gorham ED. Calcium and vitamin D. Their potential roles in colon and breast cancer prevention. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1999;889:107-19.
140. Kampman E, Slattery ML, Caan B, Potter JD. Calcium, vitamin D, sunshine exposure, dairy products and colon cancer risk (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2000;11:459-466.
141. Kampman E, Slattery ML, Caan B, Potter JD. Calcium, vitamin D, sunshine exposure, dairy products and colon cancer risk (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2000;11:459-466.
142. Kearney J, Giovannucci E, Rimm EB, et al. Calcium, vitamin D, and dairy foods and the occurrence of colon cancer in men. Am J Epidemiol 1996;143:907-17.
143. Whelan RL, Horvath KD, Gleason NR, et al. Vitamin and calcium supplement use is associated with decreased adenoma recurrence in patients with a previous history of neoplasia. Dis Colon Rectum 1999;42:212-7.
144. White E, Shannon JS, Patterson RE. Relationship between vitamin and calcium supplement use and colon cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1997;6:769-74.
145. Neugut AI, Horvath K, Whelan RL, et al. The effect of calcium and vitamin supplements on the incidence and recurrence of colorectal adenomatous polyps. Cancer 1996;78:723-8.
146. Malila N, Virtamo J, Virtanen M, et al. The effect of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplementation on colorectal adenomas in middle-aged male smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1999;8:489-93.
147. Albanes D, Malila N, Taylor PR, et al. Effects of supplemental a-tocopherol and �-carotene on colorectal cancer: results from a controlled trial (Finland). Cancer Causes Control 2000;11:197-205.
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Letter from the Director
Welcome to the Academic Support Center! We believe that "the community of learners is made richer through the contributions of all students." To that end, we make every effort to address individual student needs through a variety of general academic support services.
The ASC is also the designated Disability Office at Gordon; as such, we promote accessibility and support for students with documented disabilities. We value the role of each student as collaborators in Gordon's living-learning environment.
Whether it's through tutoring, workshops, academic accommodations or one-to-one advising, the ASC is here to serve you and to help make your Gordon experience all that it can be.
Ann Seavey, M.Ed.
ASC Intake Form
Please use this form if it is your first time requesting services from the Academic Support Center. You only need to complete this form once: ASC Intake Form
2017 ASC Bookmark Award
The twelfth annual ASC Bookmark Award was presented to Prof. Margaret Niehaus at the ASC Recognition reception. Each year, the ASC chooses a professor or staff member who, based on staff observation and student feedback, embodies and supports the ASC mission, demonstrates excellence in their discipline, is able to support and encourage a diversity of learners.
The bookmarks are then given as an appreciation gift to tutors and others who have worked with the ASC during the current academic year, and are also displayed in the ASC. Prof. Niehaus joins a group of esteemed colleagues reaching back to 2006; past recipients include Marv Wilson, Dorothy Boorse, Peter Stine, Peggy Hothem, Ted Hildebrandt, Lori Ambacher, Graeme Bird, Kaye Cook, Barry Loy, Rini Cobbey and Daniel Johnson.
We are located on the 4th floor of Jenks Library and exist to encourage and equip students to achieve their God-given potential for academic success.
E: firstname.lastname@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


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Abbott Round Dining Table
- Unlimited Flat Rate Delivery
- Overview
The rugged, casual look of concrete provides a perfect backdrop for outdoor entertaining. Our table's eco-friendly, solid Acacia wood base creates a handsome contrast.
- Base is crafted of solid acacia wood.
- Top is made of durable concrete that's sealed for maximum weather resistance.
- Hand finishing and natural highs and lows make each piece unique.
- Kiln-dried wood and mortise-and-tenon joinery provide superb strength and durability.
- Includes adjustable levelers for uneven floors.
- 48" diameter, 30" high
- Comfortably seats up to 4.
- Dimensions & Care
- Overall: 48" diameter, 30" high
- Top: 48" diameter, 3" thick
- Clearance Under Tabletop: 27"
- Distance Between Legs: 15"
- Weight: 145 pounds
While weathering and color variation over time is natural for outdoor wood furniture, we recommend the following care for best results:
- Store wood furniture indoors out of season. Make sure furniture is completely dry before storage.
- Cover wood furniture with outdoor covers (sold separately) when left outside during inclement weather or when not in use.
- Wipe spills with a clean dry cloth.
- Avoid the use of harsh cleaners and abrasives.
- To revive weathered furniture, sand and clean the wood to remove all debris and previous treatment. You may then apply any deck stain in the color of your choice. Note that two coats are required to achieve your desired color.
- For best results, follow surface preparation and application instructions provided on staining product. To find a selection of stain colors and additional product details, visit our partners at Sherwin-Williams
- Shipping & Return Info
In-stock items will usually ship within 7-10 business days for the cities listed below:
- San Francisco, Los Angeles, Dallas, Chicago, Detroit, Columbus, New York City, Baltimore, Boston, Cromwell, Atlanta, Raleigh, Charlotte, Tampa, Fort Meyers, Orlando, Miami, Fort Lauderdale. For other areas, your items will be delivered within 2-3 weeks.
White Glove Delivery
- With White Glove Delivery, items are brought into your home, most are unpacked and assembled*, and the packaging is removed. White Glove delivery is only available in the contiguous 48 states.
- Delivery is by appointment Tuesday – Saturday in most major metropolitan areas, with Monday delivery available in some areas. Service to outlying areas may be restricted based on geographic location. Our delivery service will contact you to arrange a delivery date and confirm the appointment timeframe.
*Exceptions include outdoor patio structures, marble or stone sink consoles, lighting, mirrors, rugs, headboards attached to a metal frame and any items requiring home installation or wall mounting.
Select oversized items have an additional delivery and processing surcharge; this charge is listed below the item price.
View the complete Shipping and Delivery Information page.
We take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of each and every Pottery Barn product and we hope you love your purchase. If for any reason you do not, you have 30 days – or 7 days for all Quick Ship upholstery items – to return your purchase for a full refund or exchange. You can return most non-furniture items to your local Pottery Barn store – FREE.
Delivery fees are non-refundable and prior purchases are not eligible for a price adjustment. The following items are non-eligible for returns or exchanges:
- Monogrammed items
- Mattresses
- Gift cards
- Special-order items (including made-to-order upholstery and custom order rugs)
- Final Sale items (identified by a price ending in $.X7 or $.X9)
- Items damaged through normal wear and tear.
Questions? See our full Returns Policy.


text: Man I've proved to everyone that you fucked me over. I don't know what else I can do to prove it anymore. Your full of shit and lie like hell and I've proved that. Whose to say I won't make money with the method LOL. I have data, I have offers that do great. You will probably kill the method before I even get back to mailing.


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On this beautiful sunny afternoon my girls are evicting the drones.
On this beautiful sunny afternoon my girls are evicting the drones.
Yeah, mine have been getting their walking papers recently as well. Just yesterday I was checking one of my remote hives and was kind of surprised to still see a couple of drones in residence.
"Teach your kids to hunt and fish, and you won't have to hunt for your kids"
Four Ridge Apiaries www.fourridgebees.com
Our last 4-5 night have been freezing, but I still have drones all over in my hives. I am surprised that they are not kicked out yet.
I need the drones still....Found queen cells today. Installed a high powered queen last month, saw her 27 SEP and have two emergency queen cells today. Good thing it will be mild weather for another few weeks here. She is supposed to have hygenic genes crossed with survivor queens, so those genes are worth preserving. I've noticed a lot of drones since I started feeding pollen patties. A good thing.
...We don't see things as they are, we see things as WE are...
I still have drones in one of my hives. The queens in both hives hatched mid last week. Maybe the bees know they need the drones at least for a little while longer.
I dread the day when we have our first female President...
That is something I did not see in my hive all summer was a drone. I did weekly inspections since I picked it up in July. I wonder if they had been run out already due to the poor performance of the hive?
I still have drones present, just not in the numbers I had one week ago since it did get down to the 30s here for one night
"It's better to die upon your feet than to live upon your knees!" Zapata
Drones are getting the boot here in southeast Ohio, along with the weak, lame, and the lazy ( no mercy ).
Bill...in Southeast Ohio Zone 6A, Never look down on anybody unless you are helping them up
If the Queen laid the egg that became the drone, wouldnt she be mating with her son? Eeeuh!
I am frequently confused
the queen was already mated. it is her daughter that would be mating with her brother.
DUH! srry, end of a og day. Thanks


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February 5, 2013
Amy Minotto, her daughter Eva and husband, Jeff, read a book Tuesday afternoon at Bud Werner Memorial Library. Amy is in need of a marrow transplant and is hoping to raise awareness of the National Marrow Donor Program to help herself and others who need transplants.
Stories this photo appears in:
Steamboat Springs resident encourages others to join marrow registry
Typically, the best marrow matches are relatives, but when Amy Minotto first was diagnosed with a rare blood disease, her sister turned out not to be a match. So when she was diagnosed with a second rare blood disorder in November, she went to the registry.
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This meeting is an opportunity for educators to experience an arts learning lesson in the galleries with a museum professional. This activities-based exercise in object-based thinking is designed to be collaborative, engaging, and will be followed with a discussion on classroom applications. This session will be led by a classroom teacher. Contact Hours: 2
The FAM Cohort meets every Wednesday in the main lobby at 3:45 p.m. (unless otherwise noted). All educators are welcome to attend. Please contact the Arts in Education Program Education Project Manager, Andrea Curtis, for more information at email@example.com.


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The settings have been changed successfully. Enjoy shopping!
The Shop Partner is exclusively and solely responsible for the design and content of this shop. Spreadshirt offers a wide variety of customized products like custom sweatshirts and other personalized gifts. You can create your own custom t-shirts and open your own free t-shirt shop and start selling your personalized products!


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USA, c.1930s. Vintage Industrial Factory Ironer Chair. All Steel and Mesh/Screen Construction, Wooden Legs Both in Good Vintage Condition. Screen Seat V
Vintage Industrial Modern Mid-Century Steampunk Victorian Rustic Cabin Modern Modern50 Modernfifty
Modern50 is a multi-disciplinary art and design collective. We assemble, create, and procure the most compelling furnishings for Residential and Retail Interiors, and the TV and Movie Industries. We love to collaborate with like-folks and artists to create an ever-evolving non-linear consumer lifestyles collection.


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Pequot Lakes Teacher of the Year nominees
Allison Reigel, Michael Sommerness, Nikki Stark and Megan Zierden are nominees for the 2013 Pequot Lakes Teacher of the Year. The Teacher of the Year will be named at the end-of-the-year brunch Tuesday, May 28.
Allison Reigel
Reigel has been a first-grade teacher in the Pequot Lakes School District for 14 years. She also is the primary literacy coach, training and supporting teachers in their classrooms.
Reigel received her Associate in Arts degree from Rainy River Community College, Bachelor's degree from Bemidji State University and Master's degree from Southwest Minnesota State University (SMSU). She has also completed coursework in Differentiated Instruction and Literacy Coordinator Training.
Reigel is married to Mike Reigel and together with their two daughters, Abigail and MacKenzie, they enjoy camping, hiking and canoeing. She is also an avid scrapbooker and reader.
Reigel's philosophy of education is: "I believe all students are capable of learning and achieving growth. I strive to differentiate my instruction, challenging students at all levels. I believe that job as an educator is to provide various levels of support within my classroom. And the ultimate goal is providing an environment that nurtures the social, emotional and academic growth of my students."
Michael Sommerness
Sommerness has been teaching both middle level and high school band at Pequot Lakes for nine years after graduating from St. Cloud State University with a degree in instrumental music education.
He recently earned his Master's degree from SMSU.
His band experience has him working with many different ensemble and community groups, including Jazz Band, Jazz Combo, Greater Lakes Area Performing Arts music, Band in the Park and others.
His marching bands have been the highlight of many community parades. Last year his concert band took a whirlwind tour of New Orleans, Memphis and Chicago. He has been recognized for his contribution to education by receiving superior ratings at band contests and coaching all-state band students.
Beyond school, Sommerness loves to spend time with his family — Jenny, his wife, and children, Alison and River — yearly canoeing in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, biking and fishing.
His philosophy of education is: "The process of finding one's self and being a part of something greater, a community and the world, becomes apparent and important to individuals as they become educated. When students are encouraged to ask themselves 'Who am I?' they begin to understand the very human need to express themselves, to create, and to find an effective process to do so. I strongly believe that music is an essential element of the human experience and for students it acts as a medium for the assimilation of applied knowledge and an individual, personal expression."
Nikki Stark
Stark is an 18-year veteran of Pequot Lakes High School, where she has taught all the high school level math classes, as well as a year of chemistry. She has been the Interact Club adviser for the past nine years.
Stark demonstrates the Rotary service club's goodwill by personally volunteering for the Nisswa PTO, HART, Kids Against Hunger, Lakes Area Food Shelf and as a Sunday school teacher.
She earned her Bachelor of Science degree in secondary math education from Bemidji State University and Master of Arts degree in educational leadership from Southwest State University.
She is currently working on a Master of Arts degree in educational technology from Concordia, St. Paul.
Stark and her husband, Brian, live in Nisswa with their two sons, Jacob and Joshua. She enjoys bicycling, golfing and running, proudly completing her first half-marathon last August.
Stark's philosophy of education states: "My philosophy of education is that every student can and will learn, most definitely not all in the same way. It is my job to make sure that when they leave school they can be productive members of society. In order for this to happen, it is not just the math that I teach. Responsibility, self-discipline, organization, and now digital citizenship are among the many topics I am responsible to teach in class. In order for students to learn all the things I want to teach them, they have to want to learn from me. I try to build relationships with students by getting to know them. I accomplish this by letting them know that I care about them, will listen to them, empathize with them, help them if I can, and do all this while holding them accountable for their actions. It can be a tricky balance, but definitely worthwhile. I cannot imagine doing anything but teaching for a career."
Megan Zierden
Zierden has been teaching for 10 years, spending seven of those years in kindergarten and first grade in Pequot Lakes. Zierden received her Bachelor's degree from Arizona State University and her Master's degree from Southwest Minnesota State University.
She was instrumental in starting the Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) initiative at Eagle View Elementary School. She also serves on the Early Childhood Coalition.
Zierden lives in Breezy Point with her husband, Joe, and daughter, Tatum. She enjoys boating, scrapbooking, skiing and is a novice gardener.
Zierden's philosophy of education reads: "Every child matters ... they each have a special and unique gift to share in the world. It is my job as an educator, along with my colleagues, to help, support and believe in students to meet their fullest potential."


text:
Genre: Stealth Action
Platforms: Xbox® video
game system from Microsoft and PC
ESRB Rating: Rating Pending: TEEN targeted
Developer: Ion Storm
Publisher: Eidos
Release Date: Spring 2004
Product Description:
You play Garrett, the master thief. Rarely seen and never caught,
Garrett is the best that ever was. Able to sneak past any guard, pick
any lock, and break into the most ingeniously secured residences, Garrett
steals from the wealthy and gives to himself, making his living in
the dark and foreboding City. World weary and cynical, Garrett wants
nothing more than to be left alone to ply his trade. But things never
work out that way.
Life is not easy in Garrett's town. Here crime and corruption are
commonplace, wealthy nobles prey on the poor and each other, and magic
and machinery coexist uneasily. Fanatical priests from the Order of
the Hammer seek to exact their version of justice in the name of their
stern and merciless god, the Master Builder. Primitive Pagans, worshipers
of the ancient Trickster god, seek to return the City to primeval chaos
with their strange and supernatural mastery over nature. Each the other's
sworn enemy.
Attempting to stop the fabric of the City from unraveling are The
Keepers, the secret society that trained Garrett in his youth. Garrett
left the enigmatic Keepers long ago, scorning them for their reclusiveness
and for meddling secretly with the fate of the City. But Garrett still
remembers the Glyphs, the Keeper's mysterious language of magic symbols
they use to remain hidden, powerful, and in control. According to the
Glyphs, a Dark Age is approaching. Once again, Garrett's name appears
in the prophecies...prominently.
The Keepers fear this Dark Age more than any before, and though he
is no longer one of them, they turn to Garrett in their hour of need.
Garrett has experience with Keeper prophecies, enough to know that
maybe this time, he should listen to them. He's determined to stop
this darkness before it comes, before someone loses an eye...or worse.
Reluctantly, Garrett begins a cautious collaboration with the Keepers.
They supply the tomes and prophetic Glyphs he needs to avert the approaching
doom, and he supplies the raw nerve, caustic wit, and artistic thievery
that they lack. He sneaks his way through castles, mansions, prisons,
cathedrals, dungeons, and museums, past armed guards, hired muscle,
angry thugs, hideous monsters, and much worse. He's out to steal the
City's oldest treasures - treasures that can help stop the darkness
foretold in the prophecies.
But things quickly go awry. Disaster looms closer with every step
Garrett takes. In his efforts to prevent the Dark Age, he has inadvertently
roused an ancient hidden evil. To make matters worse, the Keepers,
sworn to protect the City and maintain the balance, instead find themselves
decaying from their very core. In their desperate search for the One
who will betray them, their eyes turn to Garrett.
Once again, Garrett finds himself without allies, standing alone between
the City and the forces that would crush it. Will his skills be enough
to save the dying City? Can he survive betrayal, assassins, and war
in the labyrinthine city streets? Will he destroy or be destroyed by
the evil he awoke? And finally, what must


text:
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text: Warning: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is deprecated, use preg_replace_callback instead in ..../includes/class_bootstrap.php(430) : eval()'d code on line 118 Dynamite Register Help Remember Me? Forum New Posts FAQ Calendar Community Groups Albums Member List Forum Actions Mark Forums Read Quick Links Today's Posts View Site Leaders Who's Online What's New? Advanced Search vBulletin Message If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below. vBulletin Message You are not logged in or you do not have permission to access this page. This could be due to one of several reasons: You are not logged in. Fill in the form at the bottom of this page and try again. You may not have sufficient privileges to access this page. Are you trying to edit someone else's post, access administrative features or some other privileged system? If you are trying to post, the administrator may have disabled your account, or it may be awaiting activation. The administrator may have required you to register before you can view this page. Log in User Name: Password: Remember Me? Quick Navigation Site Areas Settings Private Messages Subscriptions Who's Online Search Forums Forums Home Forums General Dynamite Discussion Forum (comics, TPB's, news, ect) "The Pulps!". The Spider, The Shadow, Green Hornet, Miss Fury, The Black Bat, Warlord of M Gold-Key Universe Discussion! Solar, Turok, Magnus, and more! The worlds of Project Superpowers & Kirby: Genesis! The other comic publishers and off-topic "Lounge" Discussion Forum -- Deep Red -- Default Mobile Style Contact Us Dynamite Archive Top All times are GMT -5. The time now is 08:00 AM. Powered by vBulletin® Version 4.2.2 Copyright © 2017 vBulletin Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.


text:
Mattilda Bernstein Sycamore, infamous radical queer troublemaker, returns to the Bay Area and reads at City Lights on Tuesday, April 30th from her new memoir The End of San Francisco. Read a new Q&A with Mattilda on the Huffington Post and listen to an interview where Mattilda discusses why she's against the pursuit of gay marriage rights on NPR's "Tell Me More."
Justin Torres, author of We the Animals, says of The End of San Francisco: "Mattilda is a dazzling writer of uncommon truths, a challenging writer who refuses to conform to conventionality. Her agitation is an inspiration." Kirkus Reviews reports, "A blisteringly honest portrait of a young, fast and greatly misunderstood life."


text:
"The Digital Economy Act was a good example of a piece of rushed legislation that was not properly scrutinised" -- Ed Vaizey MP[1]
History of the Act
The Act's origins begin the the Gowers Review which, among other things, recommended action to reduce online copyright infringement. While the positive aspects of Gowers, such as increased flexibility in Copyright languished, pressure from industry lobby groups such as the BPI and UK Music meant that consultations began in order to push forward possible means to target individual users for alleged copyright infringement.
Implementation has been exceedingly slow. Initially, Ofcom, who are charged with implementation, were predicting a 2011 start, and produced draft codes in mid 2010, with summer consultations. A Judicial Review of the Act in the Autumn delayed further implementation. Appeals lasted until 2012, and finally narrowed the costs that can be applied to ISPs, especially in relation to the cost of DEA appeals.
Finally, codes produced by Ofcom have had to be referred back, for being faulty, and currently, the Costs Order is rumoured to be being delayed by the Treasury who are worried about costs being paid by the taxpayer.
BT and TalkTalk Challenge
BT and TalkTalk challenged the Act, requesting a Judicial Review of the provisions. They challenged on three grounds:
- Costs imposed on ISPs
- Compatibility with EU legislation, such as PECR and data protection
- Lack of notification under the Technical Standards Directive, particularly that the measures should have been shown to the EU Commission and member states to examine its compatibility with EU legislation
A fourth ground was added, proportionality.
The JR failed but BT and TalkTalk appealed, which failed, and appealed that decision.
Current status
The Act is in force, but requires statutory instruments to put the measures into effect. Firstly, an order to apportion costs is required. Secondly, an order would put in place the stage one letter writing and court action process.
Delay in implementation have lead copyright owners to call for a voluntary copyright alert programme to be implemented by ISPs.
Stage One: Initial Obligations Code
After the letter writing process is in place, after a year, Ofcom must report on the efficacy of the measures. If they are not effective, according to ofcom or other evidence, the minister responsible can ask Ofcom to draft an order to put in place the stage two process, "Technical Measures".
Stage Two: Technical Measures
Technical measures can include undefined periods of disconnection ("account suspension"), throttling and site blocking. Such measures would be aimed at the account holder.
Information about the Act
See also
Category:Digital Economy Bill: Voted No
Category:Digital Economy Bill: Voted Aye


text:
Dreamliner in real trouble, or par for the course?
Electrical and battery problems have grounded Boeing's 787. Technical problems are not unusual for a new aircraft, and this challenge appears solvable.
Only time will tell if Boeing's crop of technical issues on the 787 Dreamliner are a threat, as some claim, to the viability of the composites-intensive aircraft. Without a doubt, a fire on board a commercial airplane, whether in the air or on the ground, is disconcerting and problematic and deserves immediate attention. And given that the 787 has suffered two electrical fires, it's understandable that regulatory authorities would want to ground the plane until issues are resolved.
We now know, however, that the source of the fires has been narrowed to the lithium-ion batteries, the battery chargers and the electrical system that serves both. Initial reports indicated that the batteries were overcharging, but on Jan. 20 the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) reported that the battery aboard the Japan Airlines plane on the tarmac in Boston did not exceed its design voltage. The battery that caught fire aboard a flying All Nippon Airways, on the other hand, apparently did overcharge, overheat and catch fire.
While we might wonder how an electrical system could be designed such that over-charging of batteries is possible, it seems clear that the problem presented by the lithium-ion batteries is, at least, solvable. The task now, it appears, is to determine whether the problem or problems (if there is more than one) is in the batteries themselves, or the electrical systems they serve.
The fact is that any new airplane, as it comes to market, presents technical challenges not detected in flight testing. Layered on top of this is the fact that the manufacture of the 787 was, by virtue of its extensive use of composites, and extensive use of risk-sharing suppliers, unusually complex. And complexity, as we know, increases risk and invites new challenges.
We hope and believe that Boeing will soon solve this problem and return the 787 to service. And we hope and believe that we will look back on this challenge as a small diversion in an otherwise long and faithful service.


text:
"Everything Fred Astaire did, Ginger Rogers did in high heels backwards. It makes Ginger sound superhuman unless you are in on the secret that wearing high heels actually helps you follow a dance lead.
The heels tip your body weight forward so you can share the leader's axis of balance without actually leaning too hard on him (or her if she's one of those fabulous women who know both parts). They also keep you on the ball of your foot ready to pivot or step in any direction while the flat-shod leader sticks to the floor, a stable and grounded center to keep you from tottering over."
And I have heard her tell of the studios furnishing her shoes. She tried to get them to get the right size and they wouldn't do it. Her feet were so sore and bleeding every day she danced. I don't see how anyone could dance with such sore feet. I bet Fred had what he wanted.
Grgranny, DEFINITELY!
I really do think that the man has the harder job in ballroom/partnered dancing. Yes, high-heels-and-backwards, but he's leading. Leading is HARD.
I've heard tell that working with Fred Astaire was pretty hard on his co-stars (Gene Kelly, also) as he was a demanding perfectionist and was not very patient if you couldn't keep up or didn't pick up a step instantly. Still, obviously, when he got what he wanted it looked d*mn good, so can you blame him?
I love him in "Holiday Inn" with Bing Crosby. Particularly his solo on the Fourth of July, with fireworks.
(OMG! Someone under 30 has heard of and seen Fred Astaire! Though, I confess, possibly because he had a thing for those fifteen-minute balletic interludes, I'm more of a Gene Kelly girl...)
Likewise, SeaniBu!
As for Torvill and Dean: no wondering. The man was and is a total perfectionist, but apparently Jayne has a talent for tolerating him on the ice. I know that on the one hand I would kill for a lesson from him, and on the other hand it would likely only end in a complete nervous collapse on my part!
And yay for balletic interludes! (Except "The Red Shoes." Good ballet, but it's like "The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari" on toe shoes.)
Fred and Ginger? Yeah, I know who they were. The former was married to Ethel and the latter shared a hut with Maryanne.:o
We do tend to discriminate in couples that one is better than the other. Does it matter if it works?
I would discriminate if the artistry didn't work because of one particular person.
That is really sad news about her feet being so brutalized by the shoes the studio suplied. She was definitely a tough gal too.
The Movie with Audrey was Funny Face, I think the main song from that dictated the need to have at least a kiss - "Let's Kiss and Make-up."
Actually, I think Judy Garland was the best. I remember Fred telling that she was the fastest learner he had ever seen and something about being the best dancer. He just couldn't believe how fast she picked everything up.
Grgranny, DEFINITELY!
Both Fred and Gene were gentlemen and would never say who was their best partner. Fred slipped once and mentioned Vera Ellen.
Seanibu - If your theory is correct that one partner is better than the other, who was the stronger dancer with Torvahl and Dean?
I'm not Sean, but I can answer that. Jayne was a great technical skater, but Chris was better overall. He was not only a great technician (I'd say they were evenly matched in things like skating skill), but he had more of the artistic/presenation side. I still remember hearing one commentator somewhere on my tapes of them say that it was so unusual with a dance team where you wanted to watch the man as much as the woman. (Think of teams like N/K, or of course F-P/M--do you ever really watch Roman or Maurizio except to see if they're making a mistake?) A more current case--Belbin/Agosto. Ben is the better skater. Tanith is sort of the flip side of Jayne Torvill--she has stage presence, but her technique isn't as good as her partner's and it's often obvious.
Torvill and Dean are rather like Fred & Ginger--they just kind of hit the perfect balance between partners where, yeah, one might be said to be 'better' than the other, but they work so well together it doesn't matter. 99% of teams out there, on ice or in ballroom/show dancing, that's not the case--it does matter, because even laypeople can see one is better.
I said it thinking that it would be a given and did understand if there was a question about it really, or just a "knowledge drill." And I wasn't sure how to answer that question and do them both "justice," thanks JVC - I could have never said it so well. Jayne Had her own strengths in being able to skate with such a strong personality (should not be underestimated) from what I hear of Chris.
It is not a huge margin of "so much better" in my mind for any team. But there is a "Lead." Of course I do take into consideration that it takes a "talent" to follow as well. But a "follow and a follow just don't get as far" without a lead even if the "follow" had more of the tallent.
Also with the Ben and Tanith comment Particularly after seeing him skate a little with Irina at COI.
ETA, My statement was a generalized one not saying that it was always the case.
Last edited by SeaniBu; 08-31-2006 at 11:38 AM.


text:
New Zealand is full of tensions featured in the media and people's minds. The arguments between economy and environment, and rural and urban, are directly relevant to farm operations, affect overall profit and increase blood pressure. But it is the often unacknowledged tension between the pioneering spirit and the co-operative ethos that might be doing the most damage.
Pioneers build businesses. They take risks, invest time and energy. Recent coverage on 'burnout in SMEs' (small and medium-sized enterprises) makes the point that running a business can be addictive. People are 'deluded into thinking the business cannot survive without them'. For farmers it is often true ... they are the original entrepreneurs and they establish businesses to earn profit and for the challenge. There can be spill-over effects for society. The farmers who give up their time for school boards, charities and local societies, for instance. But when times are tight people have to decide whether a dollar or an hour will give greater returns invested in their own business or off-farm in the industry or society.
In contrast, co-operatives work on mutual benefit for the members and play a significant role in rural businesses. The co-operative structure has given bargaining power and economies of scale allowing investment in research for the benefit of all members.
Both of these factors benefit farmers who are not co-op members - the spill-over effect.
Tension can arise in a co-operative when members of the governance board are thought to be acting more as pioneer/entrepreneurs than for the co-operative's good.
It is a least in part for this reason that many boards have executive directors, brought in from outside. Good governance requires rigour of debate involving participation from people with diverse backgrounds and hence experience and knowledge. Bringing in a high performer from outside, to cover a gap in board knowledge and bring a different perspective, assists with governance. This is particularly important when a co-operative is limited by geography or product, giving only a small pool from which to elect directors.
Another source of tension, however, is when the pioneer/entrepreneur leaves the co-operative and sets up a new business.
The general New Zealand way is to praise the pioneer until the new business becomes a tall poppy for criticism. This has been highlighted by George Adams, outgoing boss of Coca-Cola Amatil, pointing out that the Kiwi 'love to hate' relationship with big business is damaging.
The damage done to the original co-operative is difficult to calculate, but the strength of the dairy industry last decade in comparison with the meat companies gives a clue. Results from Jess Bensemann's master's research with Massey University has shown that less than half of lamb producers are committed to one company. Internal competition undermines global possibilities. In contrast, most milk producers in New Zealand supply Fonterra.
New Zealand has over 4.45 million people; the rest of the world is over 7 billion. Without strong co-operatives, New Zealand farmers are peasants. Lachlan McKenzie, ex dairy-chair, has been vocal on this point.
The current strategy for new dairy companies is to guarantee that the payout will be higher than from Fonterra, but each new company, unless it has been developed on a point of difference such as an added-value product, undermines Fonterra's ability to achieve a 'fair' milk price.
The strength of the co-operative is in its members. They share the benefits and the risks, so when something goes wrong the impact and damage is spread. Of most importance in a small country, co-operatives give producers strength in the global marketing challenge.
Perhaps it is time for a new era where pioneers think co-operatively as well as innovatively. With the economic benefits for the individual, the industry and the country that would follow, farmers would be able to do more of the fencing and building of stand-off pads and animal shelters that is required to protect the environment. This would decrease the urban concerns, and so tensions would decrease. The only people that might then have a challenge would be media...


text:
|One that didn't make it into the book; Mark Mederski's '69 Honda CB750 café racer, modified by him in 1970. Mark wrote the forward to the book.
|Ben Part (of Sideburn Magazine) contributed some 1980s/90s photographs of London's 'other' café racer club, the Mean Fuckers, and an essay by Dave Lancaster about the club is really good!
|Quite a few 'wet plate' photographs are included, which Susan McLaughlin and I shot in the past 2 years as part of our 'MotoTintype' project.
|The discussion of café racer history includes 100 years of 'racers on the road', from the 1914 Norton 'Brooklands Road Special' to contemporary customs. Here's a page about the 1970s/80s...
- Title: Café Racers Speed, Style and Ton-up Culture
- Author: Paul D'Orleans with photographer Michael Lichter
- Published: 2014
- Publisher: Motorbooks, an imprint of Quayside Publishing Group, 400 First Avenue North, Suite 400, Minneapolis, MN 55401 USA.
- MSRP: U.S. $50.00 U.K. £35.00 Canada: $55


text: I saw a poll on ESPN asking who was the greater linebacker. Lewis vs. LT. 52% said LT 48% said Ray Lewis. Yes, Lewis had a great career but do almost half of the people that follow football think that he was better than LT? That's crazy. LT was by far the best ever.


text:
The park is a beautiful setting of lush tropical plants. There are parrot, sea lion, and dolphin shows. All are a "10". Very nice experience. For extra $$$, you can even get... read more
Our mission is to provide a wonderful home for our animals while sharing...
Our mission is to provide a wonderful home for our animals while sharing them with visitors in ways that inspire awareness and sensitivity towards animals, the environment, and conservation issues.
At Theater of the Sea watch up close and personal DOLPHIN SHOWS, sea lion shows, parrot shows, and much more!
A pioneer in animal interactive programs, at Theater of the Sea you can...
SWIM WITH A DOLPHIN... SWIM WITH A SEA LION... Wade, Meet and Paint with a Dolphin... Meet and Paint with a Sea Lion... Swim with the Rays... Swim with the Sharks... And Meet the Sea Turtles!
Our 30 minute dolphin swims include BOTH trained behaviors like dorsal tows, kisses, and hugs as well as swimming and snorkeling with dophins.
We offer a variety of animal interaction programs for various ages and prices. Programs are available daily and include admission to our dolphin, sea lion, and parrot shows, guided marne life tour, lagoon-side beach, and bottomless boat ride.
Theater of the Sea is family owned and operated since 1946 and one of the oldest marine mammal facilities in the world. The lagoons and lush, tropical gardens are home to Atlantic bottlenose dolphins, California sea lions, sea turtles, tropical and game fish, sharks, stingrays, alligators, marine invertebrates, and birds.


text:
TORONTO — Gerald Ziedenberg, 72, gets his inspiration from the English prime minister Winston Churchill.
"I never give up," said Ziedenberg, a retired pharmacist, and author of a memoir, Inspiration Through Adversity.
Born with an arm defect known as Erb's palsy, Ziedenberg, is a husband, father and grandfather, who had a long career with Shoppers Drug Mart, and kept active running marathons and often bicycling more than 100 miles a day.
"Just as I was approaching retirement, though, I [was struck with] osteoarthritis," he said. After six major surgeries on his hip and back, "compounded by my arm defect, [I] had to curtail all physical activities.
"I had to give everything up and transform my life," he added. "It was a sea change. At first I would start to cry when I saw people running."
Always passionate about history, Zidenberg said he went into pharmacy to make a living. "Like most children of immigrant parents, that was the priority."
Needing to find a new outlet, he enrolled at the University of Toronto and eventually earned bachelor's and master's degrees in history. "I had lived through a lot of the things we discussed in class."
Although his parents were not Holocaust survivors, he said, they both lost their families in the war.
He loved studying, he said. "I went to class with a walker, in a wheelchair and with canes – whatever it took. I was determined not to give up."
He received his bachelor's degree in 2003, he said, and then had surgery. "It took my three sons to get me to my graduation, but I got there. The university provided a lift for me to get onto the stage.
"My oldest son teaches at U of T part time, so he was able to 'hood' me. Parents often hood their children at a graduation, but not usually the opposite. It was certainly a special moment I'll always cherish."
It took him about 1-1/2 years to write his memoir by longhand, he said. The last chapter is a reprint of his master's thesis, titled The Successful Integration of Holocaust Survivors into Postwar Canada, 1945-1955.
"I've written another book, Blockade: The Story of Jewish Immigration to Palestine: 1933-1948, and am now working on a third book about epic trials in Jewish history."
In Florida for the winter, Ziedenberg teaches a class in modern history at Florida Gulf Coast University. "I give 30 lectures over the winter. I used to spend my time in Florida bicycling. Now I do this
"So many people face problems. They need to occupy themselves and not give up. Just keep going."


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In July 1845, Henry David Thoreau built a small cottage in the woods near Walden Pond in Concord, Massachusetts. During the two years and two months he spent there, he began to write Walden, a chronicle of his communion with… Read More
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First and Last Game
Desserts (14 of 14 Words)
About This Game
- All letters except the first and last letters of each word have been removed.
- Try to guess what each word is, then click the answer button to see the answer.
- Each time you load this quiz 14 words are randomly chosen from the 14 word vocabulary list and then shuffled.


text:
The family friendly New Park Hotel Kilkenny has plenty to keep children of all ages entertained.
With our Wildlife Farm (closed during the winter months only), Krazy Kats Kids club and crazy themed events which surround the various school midterm breaks like our Creepy Cottage at Halloween or our Willie Wonka Style Chocolate Factory at Easter , the NewPark is the ideal location for a family break. In addition we provide High Tea at dinner time for children during the school midterms and summer holiday period. Kilkenny City itself and the surrounding county also offers a wide host of activities that children are sure to enjoy from a Reptile Zoo, Equestrian Centre, Discovery Park and much much more.
Voted No.1 Family Hotel in Ireland for Viewer's Choice on Trip Advisor
View our family activities brochure


text:
Today's Most Viewed Headlines
- ShoreBank successor Urban Partnership seeks a reboot
- Ikram's latest design find has a familiar last name
- Who are the Chinese behind the Chicago Stock Exchange purchase?
- How important is criminal justice reform in Illinois elections?
- Emanuel needs to win this fight with teachers


text:
A public health advisory for contact with marine
water at D River Beach, located in Lincoln County, and Heceta Beach in Lane
County was lifted today by the Oregon Health Authority. The advisory was issued
July 10 after water samples showed higher-than-normal levels of fecal bacteria
in ocean waters.
Results from subsequent samples taken by the Oregon
Department of Environmental Quality showed contamination had subsided, and the
water no longer poses a higher-than-normal risk associated with water contact
activities. However, officials recommend staying out of large pools and runoff
from water frequented by birds, because this can be an indication of increased
bacteria from fecal matter.
State officials continue to encourage other
recreational activities (flying kites, picnicking, playing on the beach,
walking, etc.) at all Oregon beaches, suggesting only that water contact be
avoided when advisories are in effect.
Since 2003, state officials have used a U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency grant to monitor popular Oregon beaches and
make timely reports to the public about elevated levels of fecal bacteria.
Oregon state agencies participating in this program are Oregon Public Health,
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and the Oregon Parks and Recreation
For more information, contact the Oregon Beach Monitoring Program at 971-673-0400 or www.healthoregon.org/beach; also contact the Oregon Public Health toll-free
information line at 1-877-290-6767.
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Bioenergy is making a significant contribution to the Hoosier economy with the current production in ethanol and its byproducts worth $1.3 billion at current prices.
Indiana has a distinct advantage in energy production and distribution due to our feedstock availability, transportation infrastructure and proximity to consumers. Looking to the future, this sector continues to hold tremendous promise for our state.
Indiana currently has 13 completed ethanol plants. The combined production of the plants exceeds 1.1 billion gallons of ethanol annually and uses approximately 431 million bushels of corn.
Do you have an ag-based project or would like more information? Contact Cary Aubrey, Program Manager, Bioenergy Development.


text:
Do you ever wonder how a video game company feels about their own game? Meet Eitan Glinert of Fire Hose Games, the Cambridge-based developer that made the PSN game Slam Bolt Scrappers. Last Tuesday at The Skellig in Waltham, as part of the monthly Boston Post Mortem
series, the beer-wielding Glinert revealed how the local company
screwed up, got lucky, and made really difficult decisions in their
two-and-a-half years making the multiplayer puzzle/brawler.
Follow us on Twitter for updates and links to general coolness


text: His knee buckling the way it did looks very serious he had a brace on to prevent just that. I sincerely hope this kid is ok but I wouldn't be surprised if he has a significant injury. Hopefully he will be back soon Id hate to see a player with so much potential go down like this.


text:
The act of giving head to a broad whilst she is on her period.
Tina was feeling extra horny on her period and shoved Tim's head between her legs so he could saignee her.
by Mike B. May 07, 2005
A Wine making process in which you bleed off or siphon some red wine juice after a short period of contact with the grape skins. The color of wine is derived from the color in the skins, so the juice is a pink color, rather than red. This process is how rosé wines are made.
Mike had to saignee from the several bins of sangiovese grapes while in a heavily bee infested environment.
by Mike B. May 08, 2005
The vengeful act of crapping on a lover's chest while they sleep.Buy the plush


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Post-exfoliation, replenish your skin with Vitamine & Sea Facial Moisturizing Cream.
Adopting an proactive antiaging regimen may sound scary and expensive—Peels! Botox! Bee pollen facials!—but, happily, maintaining your dermis really isn't all that hard or expensive. Here are ten easy things you can do to kick off your antiaging routine today.
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Twice weekly, massage a small amount into damp skin, taking care to avoid the eye area, then rinse with warm water.
Deionized Aqua (Purified Glacier Water), Aluminum Silicate (Mineral Exfoliant), Glyceryl Monosteatate, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea Butter), Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil, Vitis Vinifera (Grapeseed) Oil, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Oil, Cannabis Sativa (Hemp) Seed Oil, Caprylic/ Capric Triglycerides, Vegetable Glycerine, Stearic Acid, Tocopherol (Vitamin E), Cetyl Alcohol (Fatty Acid), Phenoxyethanol and Caprylyl Glycol.
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