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Ch. 6 Finance and Administration Division
The objectives of accounting services are to develop, implement, and maintain systems which provide internal control and safeguards for the assets of the university. The office also provides internal and external reports to the extent necessary to allow proper administration of university activities.
The budget office prepares all budgetary materials necessary for various constituencies including state authorities, legislators, university committees, executive officers, and the Board of Trustees. All requests for state appropriations must have Board of Trustees approval. The budget office is responsible for maintaining the university's list of approved positions, and the university's base General Fund Budget.
The objectives of business services are: (1) to support the educational programs of the institution; and (2) to improve campus life by providing special support services to students, faculty, and staff. Business services may be categorized as either auxiliary or general fund and may be financed partially or fully by charges applied to the user.
The purchasing office is to provide for the procurement and disposal of supplies and equipment in a professional and efficient manner.
The self-balancing fund groups in which the financial activity of the university takes place function as follows:
1. General Fund - Funds earned, contributed or appropriated without restriction and used for the current operations of the university.
2. Restricted Funds - Funds restricted by the donor or outside agency as to the specific purpose for which they may be expended and accepted by the Board of Trustees with this knowledge.
3. Designated Funds - These funds are restricted to uses designated internally by appropriate university authority.
4. Endowment Funds - Funds restricted by the donor that usually provide that the principal cannot be expended.
5. Plant Funds - These funds reflect the acquisition of physical properties including capital outlay construction accounts, debt payments and equipment.
6. Agency Funds - These are non-university owned funds held in trust for university-related activities.
7. Auxiliary Activities Funds - These funds concern those entities that exist to provide a service for students, faculty, or staff and that charge at a rate related to the cost of the service.
8. Student Loan Funds - These funds are gifts or other income which must be loaned to and replaced by students following the rules and regulations of the donor or agency providing the funds.
9. Retirement and Insurance Fund - These funds contain transactions related to pension plans administered by the university and certain self-insurance programs.
The treasurer is authorized to establish wherever sub-funds are necessary for the efficient operation of the university.
The responsibility for the activities outlined above shall include but not be limited to the following:
1. Accounting - The accounting unit shall be responsible for maintaining records of all financial transactions for the self-balancing fund groups of the university and the preparation of all required budget reporting. The practices and procedures of the accounting unit shall conform to generally accepted principles of budgetary and fund accounting for universities, to applicable legal requirements, and to such uniform requirements as have been adopted by the Michigan state-supported institutions of higher education. Following the close of the fiscal year, financial statements for all funds shall be presented to the Board of Trustees at the first meeting following the completion of the statements.
2. Disbursement of Funds - The disbursement of funds shall be made by check or wire transfer only, properly documented and charged to the fund to which the disbursement applies, except that the disbursing officer may expend petty cash in lieu of a check when circumstances require such action. All checks or wire transfers must be drawn by an officer, or others authorized by the Board of Trustees and within the limits of Board resolutions.
3. Receipt and Custody of Funds - A cashier, or a person acting in a cashiering capacity, shall receive all funds, or evidence of deposit of funds, that belong to, or are to be held in trust by, the university. Funds received by the cashier from various operations and offices of the university shall be supported by appropriate documentation. Funds received shall be adequately protected, pending deposit, and shall be credited to the fund to which the receipt applies as often as reasonable and practicable.
4. Budget Office - The budget office works closely with officers, staff, and committees in preparing the university's internal budgets. The budget office prepares working budgets as needed which reflect the income expenditure plan for each account and/or fund. The budget office monitors spending in all funds as necessary and regularly advises appropriate persons and/or committees on the status of the budget. The budget office aids university officials with their questions and concerns as they arise. The budget office cooperates in preparing special reports and studies as needed. The budget office prepares materials needed by the Board of Trustees to approve fees applicable to all students.
5. Reserves for Maintenance, Renewals and Replacements - Reserves for maintenance, renewals and replacements of fixed assets will be established for various units. Such reserves will be funded by charging the appropriate operating units. Actual expenditures for maintenance, renewals and replacements for participating units shall be charged against the reserve as they are made.
For each unit that a reserve is established, procedures will be developed detailing the source and amount on funds and which expenditures are appropriate to charge to the reserve.
6. Retirement Plan Investment Committee - The Retirement Plan Investment Committee shall provide oversight of the university's retirement plans, work with a registered investment advisor approved by the treasurer and make recommendations to the treasurer.
The authority of the vice president of finance and administration and the treasurer of the Board of Trustees shall be limited within the above overall responsibilities as follows:
1. Spending the net realized investment income of the restricted, designated, auxiliary, plant, and agency funds, which requires the approval of the Board of Trustees, except for reserves for future debt service in the plant fund that are a direct offset to interest expense paid on the related bonds.
2. Spending the unrestricted income earned by the principal of the endowment fund, which requires the approval of the Board of Trustees.
3. Borrowing from the principal of the endowment fund, which requires the approval of the Board of Trustees.
4. The establishment of tuition and room and board rates, which requires the approval of the Board of Trustees.
5. All fees and charges, other than those set by the Board of Trustees resolution, are to be initiated by the unit involved, approved by the appropriate authorized individual, and submitted to the vice president of finance and administration for review and approval prior to final administrative approval.
6. The establishment of interest rates to be charged on all student loans, which requires the approval of the Board of Trustees.
7. The determination of the class of investment for endowment gifts, which requires the approval of the Board of Trustees.
8. Purchase and sale of land and construction of buildings, which requires the approval of the Board of Trustees. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the vice president of finance and administration and the treasurer of the Board of Trustees are authorized to dispose of securities and real and personal property previously received by the board as gifts.
9. Adoption, amendment, ratification of prior amendments or restatement of any retirement plan pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Sections 401(a), 403(b) or 457 in the following circumstances:
a. To comply with changes in the law affecting the plan,
b. To effect a new plan or benefit or other changes approved by the Board, or
c. Where the change will not materially increase the cost of benefits under the plan or its maintenance or administration and is determined by the Treasurer to be prudent and in the best interest of the University.
10. Appoint members to the Retirement Plan Investment Committee, receive and review its recommendations with the Senior Management Team and to make final investment decision as the fiduciary of the retirement plans. The treasurer shall make an annual report of the retirement plans' investments to the Board of Trustees.
An annual audit of the university's operations shall be performed by an independent CPA firm of recognized competency to be approved by the Board. Contracts with independent auditors shall be reviewed at least every five years. The treasurer will provide the chief contact with the state auditors and respond to their findings as appropriate.
Investment management shall be the responsibility of the treasurer or assistant treasurer of the Board of Trustees. The treasurer, assistant treasurer, or authorized designee shall have authority to sell, assign, endorse for transfer, and do all other things necessary to secure the transfer of certificates representing stocks, bonds or other securities registered in the name of Grand Valley State University or such other name which denotes a subdivision of Grand Valley State University.
In compliance with Article IX, sections 19 and 20 of the Michigan Constitution, investments in instruments issued by any financial institution organized under Federal or State law are not to exceed 50% of the net worth of that institution.
1. Real Estate Investments
The treasurer shall have authority to manage real estate investments for the production of rental income by entering into leases and by expending accumulated income there from for the repair, renovation, or alteration of any property held as an investment.
2. Operating Cash and Investments Pool
Operating cash and investments pool is the collective cash balance held in bank accounts plus funds invested with the intent of generating a return and is exclusive of restricted and endowment cash and investments.
The overall philosophy of the operating cash and investments is to have sufficient liquidity to support the operating needs of the university and to preserve purchasing power with a secondary emphasis on capital growth while not exposing the university to undue risk of loss of principal. This may be accomplished through either direct ownership of securities, participation in pools or funds managed by external managers, or through use of a custom portfolio managed by one or more external managers.
In order to qualify to hold university funds, financial institutions organized under Federal or State law must meet or exceed the following financial criteria:
Viability ratio (defined as equity capital to total assets) must be at least 5% of the total assets.
Maximum safe dollars (defined as the total amount invested at an institution to that institution's assets) cannot exceed .5% of the total institutions assets.
No more than 10% of operating cash and investments may be invested in any industry. No more than 5% of operating cash and investments may be invested in the securities of any single issuer with the exception of U.S. Government and Agency obligations. No more than 10% of operating cash and investments can be invested in securities with a rating of BBB or below.3. Endowment Funds
a. Operating Cash
Operating cash is the cash needed for daily operations.
b. Short-term Investments
1. Objective
The primary investment objective for short-term investments will be to provide for preservation of capital with a secondary emphasis upon maximization of investment income without undue exposure to risk. Investments with a duration of less than one year will be considered short-term.
2. Parameters
a) Types of investments include interest-bearing time deposits, short-term cash funds, money market funds that maintain net asset value, commercial paper, banker's acceptances, U.S. Government Obligations, obligations of U.S. Government Agencies and other investment types with similar investment objectives.
b) Commercial paper must be, at the time of purchase, rated within the highest classifications established by not less than two national rating services.
3. Benchmark
The performance of short-term investments will be evaluated based on the Merrill Lynch 91-Day Treasury Bill Index.
4. Maximum Allowable Investment
Short term investments can be up to 100% of the monthly available operating cash and investments pool.
c. Intermediate-term Investments
1. Objective
The primary investment objective for the intermediate-term investments will be preservation of capital and maximization of income without undue exposure to risk. Investments with a duration of one to five years will be considered intermediate-term.
2. Parameters
Types of investments include corporate bonds, U.S. Government Obligations, U.S. Government Agency Obligations and other investment types with similar investment objectives.
These funds would be available on a weekly or monthly basis.
3. Benchmark
The performance of intermediate-term investments will be evaluated based on the Barclay's US Aggregate Bond Index.
4. Maximum Allowable investment
Intermediate-term investments and long-term investments added together cannot exceed 90% of the monthly operating cash and investments pool. Month end balances of operating cash and investments will be calculated on a 12-month rolling average to determine compliance with this parameter.
d. Long-term investments
1. Objective
The primary objective for the long-term investments will be to provide a return over a five year period, greater than short- and intermediate-term investments. Investments with a duration greater than five years will be considered long-term.
2. Parameters
Types of investments include corporate bonds, U.S. Government Obligations, U.S. Government Agency Obligations and other investment types with similar investment objectives.
3. Benchmark
The performance of long-term investments will be evaluated based on the Lehman Brothers' Long-Term Government/Credit Index.
4. Maximum allowable investments
Long-term investments cannot exceed 30% of the monthly operating cash and investments pool. Month end balances of operating cash and investments will be calculated on a 12-month rolling average to determine compliance with this parameter.
5. Collateralization
The treasurer or assistant treasurer may collateralize the long-term investments in order to secure a line of credit from a Board-approved bank or brokerage firm that holds the long-term investments, up to the value of the long-term investments.
e. Reverse Repurchase Agreements
Reverse repurchase agreements involving the purchase and sale of securities and guaranteed investment contracts from a Board-approved bank or brokerage firm that holds university investments, the par value of which is collateralized by the perfected first pledge of, or security interest in, or the payments of which are unconditionally guaranteed by, obligations of the type set forth in paragraph b, or c of this section 2, which collateral is held by the university, or for the benefit of the reverse repurchase agreement, with a collateralized value of at least 102% of the par value of such reverse repurchase agreement or guaranteed investment contract or 102% of the market value thereof, valued at intervals of no less than monthly and which collateral is not subject to any other pledge or security interest.
The Board of Trustees is aware of its responsibility to manage prudently those Endowment Funds which are given to the university. It is assumed that Endowment Funds will have permanent life and that investment policies will be followed which will protect the principal of the funds and produce maximum total return without assuming extraordinary risks. Funds designated as endowment will be managed according to the same goals.
The Board of Trustees and the designated investment managers shall adhere to the following goals:
a. To provide spendable Endowment income levels which are reasonably stable and sufficient to meet budgetary requirements;
b. To maintain a spending rate that insures a proper balance between the preservation and the enhancement of the purchasing power of Endowment principal.
In order to administer the Endowment Funds the following policies shall be applied:
a. Each year the Board of Trustees will approve the spending rate for individual Endowment accounts for the succeeding fiscal year upon recommendation of the treasurer who shall consult with the investment managers and the appropriate Board Committee. The spending rate will be applied on the trailing twelve-quarter average of the Endowment account value.
b. Any income in excess of the approved spending rate on the Endowments shall be reinvested as retained earnings in each Endowment Account.
c. To the extent that the annual distributed income and retained earnings for an individual endowment is insufficient to meet the spending rate, the Undistributed Endowment Income account shall be used.
d. Endowment assets will be placed with two or more investment managers at the discretion of the treasurer.
e. Complete discretion in selecting individual investments is delegated to the investment managers. The GVSU treasurer and the appropriate Board Committee shall monitor the investment manager's performance but take no part in the buy-sell decisions or transactions. Ongoing Endowment gifts are to be deposited with the designated investment managers at the discretion of the treasurer. Investment decisions for asset funds not managed by the investment managers and that exceed 5% of the asset value of the Endowment Funds will be submitted to the Board of Trustees for approval after reviewing the decision with members of the appropriate Board Committee.
f. The treasurer will provide the Board of Trustees with an annual report of all long-term Endowment investment funds.
G. Debt Policy
1. Purpose - The purpose of this debt policy is to ensure the appropriate mix of funding sources for capital improvements is utilized and to provide guidance on the strategic use of debt as a funding source.
2. Objectives - The objectives of the debt policy include the following:
a. Prudent utilization of debt to provide a low cost source of capital to fund long-term capital investments in order to achieve the University's mission and strategic objectives.
b. Manage the University's overall debt level in order to maintain the highest acceptable credit rating with appropriate access to capital. The minimum acceptable underlying rating for a University issue is the "A" rating categories by a nationally recognized rating organization.
c. Limit risk within the University debt portfolio by balancing the goal of attaining the lowest cost of capital with the goal of managing interest rate risk.
d. Without attempting to "market time" specific transactions, manage outstanding debt over time to achieve a low cost of capital and to take advantage of interest rate cycles and refunding opportunities.
e. Assure projects financed have a feasible plan of repayment and that secondary pledges are utilized prudently.
3. Funding Capital Projects - The University will use the following guidelines in making decisions about financing options and use of debt, although they are not intended to be all-inclusive:
a. Other sources of funding. In assessing the possible use of debt, other financing and revenue sources will be considered such as: State appropriations/bonds, philanthropy, project-generating revenues, grant revenues, including administration cost reimbursement, expendable reserves, and other sources.
b. Plan of construction and repayment. Every project for financing must have a defined, supportable plan of costs (construction and incremental operating) approved by management.
4. Debt Management Practices
a. Debt Capacity - Debt capacity shall be consistent with the "A" rating categories as assigned by a nationally recognized rating organization. Core financial ratios that are strongly correlated with "A" rated public higher education peers will be monitored to ensure oversight of leverage levels. The three ratios that will be most closely monitored, which are strongly correlated to the rating level, are:
1. Unrestricted Net Assets to Debt
2. Unrestricted Net Assets to Operations
3. Maximum Annual Debt Service to Operations
b. Structure and Maturity - Debt will be structured so as to be consistent with a fair and equitable allocation of costs to current and future beneficiaries or users of the asset(s) being financed with the proceeds of debt.
The amortization and maturity of debt shall be established based on (1) statutory or governmental restrictions, including tax regulations (2) the types of assets financed, and (3) projected availability of cash flows to meet debt service requirements.
Debt shall be issued only for a time period that is consistent with the life of the project for which the debt was issued, generally not to exceed 30 years. Tax-exempt debt must meet the "120 percent of useful life" test set forth in federal tax law. This test requires that weighted average term of tax-exempt borrowings be limited to not more than 120 percent of the estimated usefully life of the asset(s) being financed with the proceeds of the issue. As market dynamics change, maturity structures should be reevaluated. Call features should be structured to provide the highest degree of flexibility relative to cost and to be consistent with market requirements.
Subject to compliance with federal tax law, the use of bullet maturities or balloon principal payments is not precluded by this policy if it can be demonstrated that the retirement of such bullet maturities or making such balloon principal payments have been adequately and appropriately considered.
c. Fixed and Variable Rate Debt - Variable-rate debt may be used as a component of its debt portfolio in order to:
1. Take advantage of prepayment and restructuring flexibility,
2. Benefit from historically lower average rate interest costs,
3. Provide a "match" (or natural hedge) to the university's short-term liquid investment balances,
4. Enhance the ability to undertake optimal financial structure management,
5. Enhance the ability to undertake risk management strategies, and
6. Potentially provide an economically more attractive funding alternative than cash.
While variable rate debt can provide for relatively lower costs of capital than fixed rate debt, variable rate debt also introduces additional risk (including the risk of inability to acquire and maintain required liquidity facilities) and potential volatility with the debt portfolio. The University will seek to manage the debt portfolio over time in a manner that will achieve a range of between 25%-60% of the portfolio in variable rate debt instruments, taking into account the impact of related derivative products. Forty percent (40%) will be considered the neutral portfolio.
The portfolio allocation to variable rate debt will: (1) be analyzed on an after-derivative basis, (2) have an appropriate relationship to short-term liquid assets, and (3) take into consideration rating and other implications. The allocation of variable rate debt may be managed or adjusted through the issuance of new debt or refunding of outstanding debt and through the use of interest rate swaps and other derivative products such as caps and collars.
d. Taxable Debt - The University may use taxable debt for projects that cannot be financed using tax-exempt debt. The University will allocate its capital funding sources in a manner that will minimize the need for taxable debt to keep its cost of borrowing as low as possible.
e. Method of Sale - Bonds shall normally be sold through a "negotiated sale" with the senior underwriter for a specific series of bonds. Notwithstanding, any particular bond issue may be sold through a competitive bidding process rather than a negotiated sale, if circumstances are such that a competitive sale may produce a more optimal result for the University in the current market conditions. Private placements will be considered for debt issuance where the size is too small or the structure is too complicated or not appropriate for public debt issuance.
f. Bond Insurance and Other Credit Enhancement - Bond insurance and other credit enhancement opportunities (e.g. bank liquidity facilities and letter of credit) may be considered and utilized if they are deemed cost effective and do not place onerous covenants upon the University.
g. Refunding and Restructuring of Debt - Periodic reviews of all outstanding debt will be undertaken to determine refunding opportunities. Refunding will be considered (within federal tax law constraints) if and when there is a net economic benefit of the refunding or the refunding is essential in order to modernize covenants essential to the University's financial or operating position.
h. Derivative Products - Derivatives may take the form of interest rate swaps, options on swaps and other hedging mechanisms such as caps, floors, collars and rate locks. Derivative products can be an important interest rate management tool which, when used properly, can increase the University's financial flexibility, provide opportunities for interest rate savings, alter the pattern of debt service payments, create variable rate exposure, and limit or hedge variable rate payments. It is essential that the character of and risk associated with these transactions be evaluated and clearly understood prior to entering into a debt-related derivative. In connection with the use of swaps and derivative products, the University will adhere to the University's Interest Rate Management Agreements Policy.
i. Bond Proceeds Investment - Bond proceeds shall be invested appropriately to achieve the highest return available under arbitrage limitations while providing appropriate flexibility relative to the University estimated construction schedule. When sizing bond transactions, consideration shall be given to funding on a net basis.
j. Selection of Service Providers - The selection of service providers associated with the individual debt transactions shall be made by the Treasurer.
5. Debt Compliance and Reporting
a. Continuing Disclosure Compliance - The University will meet the ongoing disclosure requirements in accordance with SEC Rule 15c2-12. The University will submit all reporting required with respect to outstanding debt to which such Rule is applicable.
b. Arbitrage Rebate Compliance - The University will comply with arbitrage requirements on invested tax-exempt bond proceeds. Arbitrage calculations will be performed as needed and rebate payments to be remitted to the IRS periodically as required.
H. Interest Rate Management Agreements Policy (Swaps)
1. Purpose - In order to reduce debt service cost and interest rate risk and to alter the debt mix, an interest rate management agreement ("Swap" or "Agreement") may be entered into for the purpose of hedging existing and planned General Revenue debt for financing capital items. Such Agreements include, but are not limited to: interest rate swaps or swaptions, interest rate caps, collars, floors, and rate locks.
Prior to entering into any Agreement, a review shall be conducted of the long-term implications associated with entering into such Agreement, including the costs of borrowing, historic interest rate trends, variable rate capacity, credit enhancement capacity, impact on current and future bond ratings, opportunities to refund related debt obligations, the fact that in most cases swaps are economically non-callable, the risks associated with the swap, as described below, and other similar considerations.
2. Authority - The Board may authorize a Swap as a part of its resolution for the approval of the original bond financing or in a subsequent resolution.
3. Legality - In order to enter into an Agreement, the University must receive a legal opinion acceptable to the market that the Agreement relating to the swap transaction is a legal, valid and binding obligation of the University and that entering into the transaction complies with applicable State and Federal Laws.
4. Features of the Agreements
a. Form of Agreements - Any Agreement shall include security, collateral, default, remedy, termination, and other terms, conditions, provisions and safeguards as deemed necessary or desirable by the Treasurer. All Agreements shall be payable only in the currency of the United States of America. Each transaction shall be evidenced by a Confirmation setting forth the payment terms, notional amount and amortization.
b. Terms of Swaps - Subject to the provisions contained herein, the terms of any Swap shall use the following; however the Treasurer may permit variances if the University is otherwise adequately protected:
1. "Downgrade provisions" triggering terminations or requiring collateralization shall in no event be worse for the University than those affecting the counterparty.
2. The "specified indebtedness" related to credit events in any Agreement should be narrowly defined and should refer only to General Revenue indebtedness of the University.
3. "Collateral thresholds" should be set on a sliding scale reflective of credit ratings, size and directional market risk of the transaction. Collateral requirements, including safekeeping requirements, should be established and based upon the credit ratings of the University and of the counterparty or its guarantor.
4. "Eligible collateral" shall be limited to those obligations determined by the Treasurer to be sufficiently liquid.
5. The University shall have the right to "optionally terminate" an Agreement at "Market" at any time over the term of the Agreement.
6. "Termination value" should be set by utilizing a Market Quotation Methodology, Second Method (as defined in the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. Master Agreement), unless the Treasurer deems an alternate method as appropriate.
c. Qualified Counterparties - The University shall not enter into an Agreement with a counterparty that does not have (1) (a) a general credit rating or a guarantor with a credit rating in the "A" rating categories, as assigned by a nationally recognized rating organization or (b) a subsidiary rated "AAA" by at least one nationally recognized rating organization and (2) a demonstrated record of successfully executing municipal swap transactions. In addition to the rating criteria specified herein, the University shall seek additional credit enhancement and safeguards concerning qualified counterparties in the form of contingent credit support or enhancement, collateral consistent with the policies contained herein, ratings downgrade triggers, or guaranty of parent, if any.
d. Counterparty Exposure - The University shall endeavor to diversify its exposure to counterparties.
e. Methods of Soliciting and Procuring Swaps - Agreements can be procured via competitive or on a negotiated basis as determined by the Treasurer on a case-by-case basis. The competitive process should include a minimum of three firms with counterparty ratings as set forth herein. Agreements may be procured on a negotiated basis when the Treasurer makes a determination that:
1. Due to the size, complexity, or credit features of a particular financing, a negotiated transaction would result in the most favorable pricing.
2. In light of the facts and circumstances, doing so will promote the University's interest by encouraging and rewarding innovation.
3. Marketing of the Swap will require complex explanations about the security for repayment or credit quality.
4. Market timing is important, such as coordination of multiple components of the financing is required.
5. To the extent consistent with law, participation from minority or women owned firms is enhanced.
6. Based on the recommendation of the Swap and Derivatives Advisors, special circumstances exist such that a negotiated transaction would result in the most favorable pricing.
7. If it determined that negotiations might allow greater flexibility in changing Agreement terms in the future.
8. Negotiation of the Agreement will not adversely affect the tax-exempt status of related bonds.
Regardless of the method of procurement, the Treasurer shall obtain an independent finding that the terms and conditions of any derivative entered into reflect a fair market value of such derivative as of the date of its execution.
f. Term and Notional Amount - The maximum term, including any renewal periods, of any Agreement may not exceed the latest maturity date of the bonds, notes, debt, or prospective debt referenced in the Agreement. From and after its effective date, the notional amount of any Agreement shall not exceed the outstanding principal amount of the debt to which such agreement relates.
g. Pledging of Collateral - As part of any Agreement, based on credit ratings of the counterparty or as may be requested by the counterparty or the University, collateralization or other forms of University credit enhancements to secure any or all payment obligations of the counterparty or the University under the Agreement may be required. As appropriate, the Treasurer may require of the counterparty, or grant thereto, collateral or other credit enhancement to be posted subject to the collateral threshold amounts specified for such Agreement. Additional collateral for a further decrease in the credit rating and/or an increase in mark-to-market exposure of either counterparty shall be posted by that counterparty in accordance with the provisions contained in the Agreement or collateral support agreements related thereto.
Threshold collateral amounts shall be determined by the Treasurer on a case by case basis who will determine the reasonable threshold limits for the initial deposit and for increments of collateral posting thereafter. Collateral shall be pledged to the trustee, an independent third-party, or as mutually agreed upon between the University and the counterparty. A list of acceptable securities that may be posted as collateral and the valuation of such collateral will be determined and mutually agreed upon under the Agreement. The market value of the collateral shall be determined on a not less than a monthly basis or more frequently if the Treasurer determines it is in its best interest given the specific collateral security.
h. Prohibited Agreements - The University shall not enter into Agreements that:
1. Are purely speculative or create extraordinary leverage or risk,
2. Lack adequate liquidity to terminate without incurring a significant bid/ask spread,
3. Provide insufficient price transparency to allow reasonable valuation, or
4. Are not connected to existing outstanding debt or debt that will be issued within five years from the inception of the Agreement.
5. Management of Swap Transaction Risk - In order to manage the associated risks, guidelines and parameters are as follows:
a. Interest Rate Risk - Interest rate risk is the risk that interest costs on a bond or an Agreement will increase and cost more than the rates associated with a fixed-rate obligation. In the initial financing program for each bond issue, the University will consider hedging the interest rate risk exposure in a manner that results in a net interest cost that is lower than that associated with a fixed-rate obligation. An annual evaluation of interest cost will be conducted. Interest rate risk also includes the risk that changes in the level of interest rates affects the mark-to-market (MTM) value of the University's swaps. Inherent in interest rate risk is also yield curve risk, as changes in the shape of the yield curve (i.e. flattening and steepening) affects the overall level of interest rates. For floating-to-fixed rate swaps, the University MTM will be favorably impacted when interest rates rise. Conversely, when interest rates decline the University MTM will be negatively impacted.
b. Basis Risk - Basis risk is the risk of a mismatch between the actual variable interest rate on the University's debt and the floating rate option index from which any payments under an Agreement are received. Prior to entering into any Agreement, a review of historical relationships and trading differentials between the variable rates on similar bonds and the index will be conducted when deciding whether the relationship is sufficiently close to accept such risk. Any index chosen as part of an interest rate swap agreement shall be a recognized market index including but not limited to The Bond Market Association (BMA) or the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR).
c. Tax Risk - Tax risk is the risk that tax laws will change, resulting in a change in the marginal tax rates and the valuation of the swaps or the performance of the swaps in accomplishing the anticipated hedging or cost savings functions. Tax event provisions contained in proposed Agreements will be reviewed and also discuss the impact of potential changes in tax law on payments under related bonds, or under the proposed Agreement, based on modeling of historical data and taxable indices and shall take into account the reduction in the University's fixed payer rate in return for accepting tax risk.
d. Termination Risk - Termination risk occurs when a swap transaction is terminated prior to its stated expiration, which can happen for a variety of reasons, some of which may be beyond the control of the University. In the case of a termination, normally a settlement payment will owe from one party to the other, in order to maintain the original financial benefits of the transaction, and without regard to which party's actions may have caused the termination. Risks can arise either because the University may be required to make a settlement payment it did not anticipate, or because the University might not, in light of changed circumstances, be able to replace the swap on favorable terms, and could therefore lose some or all of the hedge or cost savings associated with the swap. Risk will be assessed by an annual review of the market value for all existing and proposed Agreements. The termination provisions of any swap agreement shall be bilateral; however, the Treasurer shall have the right to optionally terminate a swap agreement at any time over the term of the agreement (elective termination right). In general, exercising the right to optionally terminate an agreement should produce a benefit to the University, either through receipt of a payment from a termination, or if a termination payment is made by the University, a conversion to a more beneficial debt instrument or credit relationship.
e. Counterparty Risk - Counterparty risk occurs when there is the failure of the counterparty to make required payments under the Agreement. The Treasurer will monitor exposure levels, ratings thresholds, and collateralization requirements and will take action to enforce remedies when appropriate. The Treasurer will also consider termination of any counterparty whose ratings fall below the minimum required for entering into an Agreement with the University.
f. Liquidity Risk - As described in the University's Debt Policy, liquidity risk occurs when there is an inability to renew a liquidity facility on a related floating rate bond issue. In the event that a current provider has liquidity problems or will not renew its agreement at an acceptable price, the Treasurer shall request bids from other liquidity facility providers in addition to considering alternative bond structures, such as auction rate bonds.
6. Reporting Requirements - The University's financial statements include an annual disclosure on the status of all interest rate swaps, including descriptions of all swaps with notional value and interest rates, credit ratings for the relative counterparties and market valuation. The University will disclose information concerning any material event involving outstanding Agreements, including a counterparty's default or termination and actual collateral postings by the University, if any, per Agreement and in total by swap counterparty to the Finance and Audit Committee.
I. Contracts
Contracts executed in the name of Grand Valley State University may be obligated only by persons specifically given that responsibility and authority by the Board of Trustees, or, if appropriate, the president or vice presidents of the university or their designee. The Treasurer will report, on an annual basis, the contracting authority that has been delegated to individuals at the University.
J. Purchasing Policy
A central purchasing office shall be maintained to serve the needs of the entire university. This office shall be responsible for the purchase of all materials, supplies, and services costing more than $5,000, as well as both purchased and rental equipment, with the following exceptions:
1. Books, pamphlets, and periodicals for the library
2. Bookstore merchandise for resale
3. Professional consulting services
4.Architectural and consultant services, new constructions, contractual repairs and remodeling
5. Pro shop merchandise for resale
6. Software licenses and related maintenance agreements
Purchases of $5,000 and less or purchases involving sole source will be handled in accordance with procedures issued by the treasurer for the efficient procurement of these items. The purchasing office shall develop standards for equipment and supplies and encourage the use of the standards throughout the university.
The selection of a vendor is the responsibility of the purchasing office. In the selection, the purchasing office shall not in any way discriminate against any vendor because of race, creed, age, sex, or national origin, nor shall the university continue to patronize vendors known to practice any forms of discrimination.
The purchasing office shall accept no gift or gratuity from a vendor nor shall they, in the name of the university, make or attempt to make personal purchases for faculty or staff.
No commitment of funds shall be made by the purchasing office without prior approval of the unit to which the commitment is to be charged.
For all purchases exceeding $10,000 and when appropriate on lesser amounts, the purchase shall be preceded by competitive bids. These bids should be written except when time or other circumstances do not permit, in which case verbal bids are acceptable if properly documented. Only qualified reputable vendors shall be asked to bid. After the award is made, the list of bidders and the amount of each shall become public information available to anyone on request. For all purchases exceeding $25,000, with the exception of professional services, such as legal, architectural and engineering, or other consulting services, the purchase shall be preceded by competitive sealed bids. The bids are to be returned in envelopes furnished and so marked. The bid request will state the day and time due. At that time they are to be publicly opened and read aloud. No sealed bids can be accepted if received after the date and time specified. Unsuccessful bidders may appeal the decision of the purchasing office to improve procedures in future purchasing or to correct any misunderstanding that may have arisen. Purchase of items when there is a sole source need not be bid.
This office shall be responsible for the orderly disposal of surplus, obsolete, and worn out equipment.
Expenditures and/or reimbursement for travel and meetings are authorized to the extent that they are necessary and reasonable and are on university business; and are subject to such limitations and documentation requirements as the president of the university may set. The vice president of finance and administration shall publish current policy and the disbursing officer shall audit all claims and requests prior to payment.
The president may approve that the university provide a vehicle for use by an employee when appropriate. All limitations and requirements for use of such vehicles must be approved in advance.
L. Fidelity Bonds
Separate fidelity bonds shall be maintained as required by law and in amounts set by the Board of Trustees.
M. Facilities
The responsibility for capital expenditures rests with the Board of Trustees and is delegated to the president and the treasurer at appropriate stages for specific projects.
The facilities services & planning office shall prepare a Capital Outlay Request of capital outlay needs for review and recommendation by the president for approval by the Board of Trustees and submission to appropriate state and/or federal offices. Preparation of this statement shall be done with the consultation or participation of other university administrative officers as appropriate.
Planning for and construction administration, which includes remodeling, of capital projects shall primarily be the responsibility of facilities planning staff who shall consult with and involve other members of the university community as appropriate. For capital projects of $3,000,000 or less, the president or his/her designee shall review and approve such capital projects. The Board of Trustees shall review and approve the following items for each project over $3,000,000:
a. the architect or engineer
b. the budget
c. the funding source
d. the schedule
e. the site plan
f. the floor plans
g. the authorization to proceed with the project as presented
h. the general contractor or construction manager will be reported to the appropriate Board committee prior to approval by the full Board. If the low bidder is not proposed, the reason for not selecting the low bidder will be reported to the appropriate Board committee.
i. Construction contract change orders that cause the project budget to exceed the approved budget.
2. Contracts
Contracts for architectural and engineering services, related consultant services, new construction, remodeling and alterations, special maintenance and repairs, and property leases may be executed by the president, the vice president for finance and administration, or to those designated by the president or the vice president for finance and administration.
The university shall maintain a public safety force to include trained, sworn officers with the responsibility of enforcing institutional rules and regulations and state and local law to provide a safe environment for students, faculty, staff, and campus visitors. A traffic and parking ordinance shall be approved by the President.
The Board will approve naming of buildings when they are named for individuals, foundations and corporations. Once the building or area named has been conferred, that name shall remain as long as the building or area exists unless the Board subsequently determines otherwise.
The authority to name university buildings is delegated to the President for those instances when the building name is simply functional in nature, e.g., Living Center. The President shall approve the assignment of names to building areas and spaces when less then an entire building.
This office is responsible for coordination, implementation and development of all athletic programs and related activities, financial support and liaison between other schools and communities for the institution, pertaining to the students involved.
Consistent with its public service mission, the University has a responsibility for supporting the economic development of the state, particularly west Michigan through a variety of initiatives including but not limited to the Van Andel Global Trade Institute, the West Michigan Science and Technology Initiative through the Grand Rapids SmartZone and the Muskegon SmartZone. These efforts will involve the development and commercialization of intellectual property using University resources which may result in royalty or ownership interests for the benefit of the University.
In compliance with MCL 15.321 et seq., the President must review any conflict of interest and authorize such activities as may be deemed necessary when the University is an interested party in the joint development or commercialization of intellectual property with any employee of the University or a business in which the University employee has an equity interest. The President shall report his/her approval of such conflicts, including a summary of the issues and the rationale for his/her decision, at the next regularly scheduled board meeting, and shall make an annual report of all such conflicts.
P. Tuition and Fees
The tuition and fee schedule shall be approved by the Board of Trustees and is published in Appendix A of this Chapter 6. The President shall approve the schedule and procedures as it relates to students in international programs affiliated with the university.
Q. Authorization to Approve Collective Bargaining Agreements
The Board of Trustees' Audit and Finance Committee shall review and approve collective bargaining agreements between the University and the duly authorized organization representing certain employees of the University that are presented to the Finance and Audit Committee by the University's administration provided such agreements are within the budget approved by the Board.
Page last modified January 24, 2017


text:
I live in Iceland so the don't be alarmed by the late timing of my checkerboarding!
Some data:
I checkerboarded in mid May my two hives which overwintered on two broodboxes and single feedboxes. I only checkerboarded the feed boxes.
My questions:
When should one place a new super on top? Is it immediately after checkerboarding or should one wait for eggs and honey (as I am witnessing now in the top box)?
Do you manipulate the old sugar feed frames later or leave them? I marked them to avoid contamination.
Best regards,

subset: commoncrawl


text:
UK: Thai Partners Force Out Journey Footwear Founders
The UK founders of casual footwear brand, Journey, are no longer connected with the brand following its purchase from the administrators by their Thai partners. The move follows a dispute between the shareholders that left the two UK directors with no alternative but to withdraw their from the company.
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text:
On the strange attraction of spheres that like to stick together
Brian Hayes
Up to this point, each value of n has had a unique cluster that maximizes Cn. Furthermore, in each case the best-connected cluster with n+1 spheres can be assembled incrementally by sticking a new sphere somewhere on the surface of the max(Cn) cluster. These properties come to an end at n=6. With six spheres, two cluster shapes both yield the same maximum contact number, C6=12. (Note that a hypothetical six-sphere clique would have 15 contacts.) One of the max(C6) clusters is built incrementally from the five-sphere triangular dipyramid. But the other max(C6) cluster is a "new seed"—a structure that cannot be created simply by gluing a sphere to the surface of a smaller optimum cluster. The new seed is the octahedron (which might also be described as a square dipyramid).
Beyond n=6, the problem of finding all the maximum-contact clusters becomes more daunting. For n=7, the incremental approach of adding another sphere to the surface of an n=6 cluster yields four solutions that have 15 contact points. Three of these C7=15 clusters consist of four tetrahedra glued together face-to-face in various ways. The remaining product of incremental construction consists of an octahedron with a tetrahedron erected on one face. (One of the seven-sphere solutions has both left-handed and right-handed forms, but the convention is to count these "chiral" pairs as variants of a single cluster, not as separate structures.)
Finding this particular set of structures is not especially difficult. If you spend some time playing with Geomags or some other three-dimensional modeling device, you are likely to stumble upon them. But having identified these four clusters with C7=15, how do you know there aren't more? And how do you prove that no seven-sphere cluster has 16 or more contacts?
As it turns out, 15 is indeed the maximum contact number for seven spheres, but there is another C7=15 cluster. It is a new seed, called a pentagonal dipyramid. With its fivefold symmetry, it has no structural motifs in common with any of the smaller clusters. The novelty of this object again raises the question: How can we ever be sure there aren't still more arrangements waiting to be discovered?
A successful program for answering such questions was initiated about five years ago by Natalie Arkus, who was then a graduate student at Harvard University. (She is now at Rockefeller University.) In a series of papers written with her Harvard colleagues Michael P. Brenner and Vinothan N. Manoharan, she enumerated all the max(Cn) configurations for n=7 through n=10. The results were later extended to n=11 by Robert S. Hoy, Jared Harwayne-Gidansky and Corey S. O'Hern of Yale University. (Hoy is now on the faculty of the University of South Florida.) All of the results I describe here come from the work of these two groups.
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text:
Sent Lori my pm yestrday. I've started a box,just the little stuff the good stuff comes when I find out my name.
Printable View
Sent Lori my pm yestrday. I've started a box,just the little stuff the good stuff comes when I find out my name.
I am in again too but this month I think I will only do one. With the holidays and family coming that is about all I can do right now.
I'm in also, sent Lori a pm!
Sent PM lori!!!
I'm in-sent my info this morning! Yea! I am already gathering some stuff until I find out who I have to customize it! Can't wait!
I have to sit out this month *cry* cause I have so much to get done by December, and well.. I'm broke. Ha! But had some interviews for jobs set up. I hope I will be back for December's swap. But it doesn't mean I won't be watching and helping knuckle whack for Lori. So ya'll better be good and send those PM's and send packages on time. I'm watching you *makes fingers to eyes motions*
I'M in again...sent PM...This is addicting.
Prayers and wam thoughts in Sandy's way.:eek:
I'm in! Last month was my first and it was fun, can't wait to find out who my sp is and start their package.
I'm in going to send my info in a minute.
Ana after this month I bet Lori would appreciate a what was it you said(?), oh yeah a knuckle whacker. Poor Lori. sorry you won't be able to play along this month though, hope you have good luck with the job hunt, be sure to chime in and hope you are back in it in Dec, or at the very least Jan-Yikes!! only 2 months to the new year.
Knitette that was great that you mentioned some of your special days for November. Yes Internat'l swappers feel free to post any kind of info like that on the thread-it all helps.
And I think most everyone here likes a surprise so newbies don't fret, send a nice package, don't feel you need to out do anyone, and remember, you might send something that is your favorite thing to use and it maybe something your pal had never seen before. That is where a little comment about it in the note is helpful too.
After all if someone didn't like surprises wouldn't they just go get what they wanted at the store or online?
Surprise Rules! Let's have some thankful fun!
YIPEE....I,M in again for NOVEMBER. It is So much fun and such a real uplift when we all deal with problems, health issues, or limited finances etc. You folks are GREAT....PM on its WAY....


text:
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text:
Last night there was another explosion, this time in reactor No. 2 at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant in Japan. This time the containment chamber was damaged and nuclear radiation is leaking out. 100 km north west of Tokyo in the city of Maebashi, authorities have recorded radiation levels ten times higher than normally and people are incouraged to stay inside.
Since the core had previously been uncovered when the cooling water levels dropped it's now believed that a meltdown has taken place. This means that the nuclear fuel elements has become so hot that they've melted after which radioactive substances like cesium, xenon and iodine has been released. The technicians have been trying to cool down the reactor with sea water with added boron.
Japanese authorities have measured radiation levels of 400 millisieverts (mSv) per hour just outside the plant. After less than three hours in 400 mSv acute radiation syndrome occurs. The European limit for employees in the nuclear industry is 20 mSv per year for five years or a maximum of 50 mSv a year.
Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS)
The lowest rate occurs at 1-2 sievert. The symptomes are nausea and vomiting for a period of more than one day, as well as fatigue, weakness and mild fever. Without qualified healthcare one out of 20 people is at risk of dying.


text:
I have begun building a 9 frame observation hive using modified plans from this website. I wondered if anyone could provide some insight as to whether I should use glass for the "windows" or if I can use plexiglass instead. Will the bees treat plexiglass differently or will if get scuffed up quickly?
Thanks! Mark


text:
New York Wedding from Tonhya Kae Photography + DiorLong, long ago we hosted the most amazing contest from Dior. And the prize was fabulous. It gifted wedding day makeup to one lucky bride, and guess what? This is THE gorgeous bride, Ashleigh. I'm pretty certain she needs not
View CreditsRead More


text:
A Cinderella Sweet 16, Quince-Style!
This floral cake is almost too pretty to eat. The initial on the top makes it personal, too!
By Tall Cake Designs in Carle Place, NY. $600
This tiered cake is super bright and bonita! The pretty pattern is bound to catch your guests' attention.
By ABC Cake Shop & Bakery in Alburqurque, NM. $265
The Best Gift To Give A Quinceañera—Not What You'd Think!


text: I have a 2011 hd 2500 4x4. with 25/60/20 tire with load range E 10 ply tires This thing is the roughest thing i have ever driven. I let the air presher down to 45 pounds and it is alot better. Is there a tire out there in a 6 ply stock size? or even and mybe a little taller that i can buy? I dont pull a trailer much and if i do its a small 2000# max.


text:
Create a Wishlist
Registering is easy. Just fill in the form in the next page and start enjoying the benefits of having your own Account!
Create your own Wish List of items you would like to have. You may share your list with family and friends, or you can choose to keep it just for yourself.
Step 1 Register to start creating your own Wish List.
Step 2 Every time you find an item you love, click on the heart shaped button and add to your 'Wish List'.
Step 3 You will be directed to your Wish List where the item will be added.
Returning Customers
Please create an account on the side if you have not already done so, or continue without creating an account


text:
Lovely Room, Gorgeous House, Garden, BEST Location
Floor No.
- Family/child friendly
- Internet/WiFi
- Air conditioning
- Washer/dryer
- Parking available
- Breakfast
- Suitable for events
- Towels
Accommodation summary
|12th Street, NY 11215 Brooklyn, United States
|Property type
|Private room
|Property ID
|Acceptance rate
|Response time
|A few hours
|Calendar updated
|5 days ago
Please do not request a booking until you first WRITE to tell me about your trip, number of people, number of beds, and check availability.
I have a strong preference for guests who stay 4 nights or more. I sometimes can offer discounts for help (sewing, gardening, personal trainer, adobe acrobat work )
If you are allergic, there are 2 cats in house.
[For garden apartment, see separate listing . Cats do NOT go into apartment.]
2 bedrooms, top floor, 2 people in each room.
One King bed, very comfortable mattress (can be 2 twins);
One queen bedroom.
Large and clean shared bathroom, (this has not been a problem for guests!).
Professional house cleaner.
Washing machine /dryer available.
Nice towels, linens, soaps, lotions, hairdryer, etc.
WiFi but no TV.
Air-conditioning or fans.
Help yourself to great breakfast foods every morning. (Cooking with permission).
Huge patio, barbecue and beautiful garden.
Bedbug inspected and certified.
This is a legal rental.
Cost varies: time of year and length of stay, etc. $90 - $104 .
Park Slope is great! Safe, hip but quiet, 3 subway lines are 5 minutes from house. Delicious, affordable restaurants, great live music bars, Prospect Park (free events & concerts), Botanical Gardens / Museum / Brooklyn Academy of Music. A few steps from New York Marathon route.
This home is for casual, flexible, friendly, and busy guests. It's an old and historic house. I use the main floor (see photos) for my work.
I can help with your travels. Speak Spanish, French, understand Portuguese, Italian,
House rulesSecurity Deposit of $200.
Please tell me about your group, your trip, your needs, BEFORE YOU REQUEST A BOOKING.
Please respect and be friendly to my wonderful neighbors and be quiet on the street.
No problem to come in late but main floor closed at night.
You must like cats!
Turn off all lights and fans (but do not unplug).
You must FOLLOW RECYCLING & GARBAGE rules of NY!!
Can host parties for 20 -25 on patio for additional fee.
No regular access to TV. Good WiFi .
My rooms are best for people who are flexible, easy-going , friendly, and will be busy visiting our fantastic city! I sometimes work/teach at home on the main floor.
I can offer discounts for helpers: sewing, gardening, yoga, personal trainer, handyman, etc.
Some discount passes for teenager and parent for cultural events.
|Price for > 1 guests
|$ 15 US per guest/night extra
|Maximum nights
|2 weeks
|Check-in after
|On arrangement
|Check-in before
|On arrangement
|Check-out before
|On arrangement
|Cancellation Policy
Reviews of this property
I very much enjoyed my stay at Laurie's very cozy home in Brooklyn. It's located close to the subway, so Manhattan can be reached within short time. But also Brooklyn offers nice places to go to. Laurie is a very friendly and generous host - offering wonderful bagels and creamcheese for breakfast. Thanks again and all the best, Sabine
Very welcome Laurie, very available for us to give information on NY, autonomy of operation in the house: kitchen, jardin.Beau lively but quiet: restaurants and shops, metro access all prés.nous recommend this room! Very nice cats !!
Trés bon accueil de Laurie, trés disponible pour nous donner des infos sur NY ,grande autonomie de fonctionnement dans la maison : cuisine, jardin.Beau quartier animé mais calme : restaurants et magasins, acces métro tout prés.nous recommandons cette chambre ! Chats tres sympas !!
Reviews for this host's other properties
We stayed in the lower appartment with direct access to the garden.
Although the interior is dated, the appartment was clean. Nice kitchen with table and chairs and a stuffed fridge with lots of food you may and can use for breakfast.
Also in the bathroom all items such as shampoo and shower gel.
Close to the subway - only a few minuten walk.
Nice neighbourhood. Good recommendations from Laurie for bars and restaurants.
The apartment was suitable for 4 people and with fast subway connections into Manhattan best located. Laurie was an excellent host and very generous. Breakfast was included and she even gave us additional $20, so that we could pay the taxi to the JFK airport. On the first evening she briefed us on the neighbourhood and important aspects on NYC sightseeing, that was very helpful.
We really enjoyed our stay and hope to come back soon!
We spent a week visiting Laurie and had a lovely week! We had the downstairs apartment and a room at the top! The location is great you need about 5 minutes to the next Subway! The apartment is very nice and cozy. We can only recommend it
Wir waren eine Woche zu besuch bei Laurie und hatten eine schöne Woche! Wir hatten unten das Apartment und ein Zimmer ganz oben! Die Lage ist super man brauch ungefähr 5 Minuten zur nächsten Subway! Das Apartment ist sehr nett und gemütlich. Wir können es nur empfehlen
My 2 week vacation in Park Slope, New York, was, well Amazing.
Laurie the host is superb, great apartment, great coffee shops, great Deli's, amazing bars and restaurants.
Laurie definitely made us feel at home, her knowledge is second to known on the area and New york, so helpful...
will most definitely be coming back to New York and if she'll have me again will be staying with Laurie..
all in all a great holiday and great apartment/host.
many thanks Laurie is was an experience.
see you again soon.
We ha da wonderful stay at the Apartment from Laurie. We come back to visit New York again :)
Wir sind freundlich von unserer Gastgeberin Laurie begrüßt worden. Die Wohnung ist wirklich charming und hat uns gefallen. Der Kühlschrank war gut gefüllt und die Croissants und der Orangensaft sehr lecker. Park Slope ist eine angenehme, ruhige Wohngegend und die subway nach Manhatten von Lauries Haus in einigen Minuten zu erreichen.
Wir haben unsere Tour genossen und Lauries booklet enhielt eine Menge guter Tipps. Wir kommen gerne wieder.
Hannah, Peter und Annette
Dieser Aufenthalt, war leider nicht was wir erwartet hatten. Die Photos der Wohnung waren eindeutig manipuliert und leider war es auch nicht sauber. Im Kühlschrank befanden sich gebrauchte Lebensmittel, das Mobiliar war z.T. sehr abgenutzt und schrottreif.
VIel schlimmer war allerdings die Hilfe von WIMDU (nicht!!!!) Auf unsere Emails und Anrufe, habe sie einfach nicht reagiert! Auch eine Möglichkeit dem Ärger zu entgehen!!!!
Unser Fazit. NIE WIEDER WIMDU!
- Quality assured accommodation
- Every host is verified by telephone
- Secure payment via SSL encryption


text:
Checked my hive today to find no live bees at all, maybe 300 dead. They were last checked (very quickly) on Dec.22 (it was warm temps) with tons of bees and stores. Stores are all there, no mites on the bottom board or feces, no AFB, no shb, conducted an alcohol wash on the dead bees.... nothing.
Why would all the bees leave? It makes no sense.


text:
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May 15, 2017 BOOKLIST
April 2017
YA/General Interest: This powerful story of a heroic, animal-loving family who, in a time of war and genocide, risked their lives to open their home and hearts to strangers is ravishing in every detail. The sheer drama of the story, and Ackerman's sensitivity to young Ryszard and to how the company of animals soothes the soul will greatly affect advanced teen readers. —Donna Seaman
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text:
Well we finally got a Sunday free where we could extract our honey.
Not a big harvest this year but I aggressively split the one hive that made it through the 2011-2012 winter a couple of times and ended up with three active hives. I probably took honey on two hives that I shouldn't have so if I loose two it may be to starvation or mites. Next spring we will see and learn.
Extractor improvements:
I changed the mounting of the 3 inch PVC center pipe using a toilet flange that was machined down and drilled to accept screws on the ceiling fan. This worked great. It uses a O-ring (normally for sealing) to drive the center tube which carries the frames on metal clips. A lexan plate covers the motor ventilation holes and acts as a slinger for any honey that drips on it.
The wooden top bearing brace was painted and a section was cut out to facilitate loading of the frames without removing the brace. Cabinet drawer ball bearings were added (4) to prevent chafing of the PVC on wood that happened in the prototype. The brace was also screwed to the plastic barrel so I did not have to hold it in like last year. It is now a hands off extractor. Some of you thought that was a big issue.
The wiring was run through the center of the PVC tube to eliminate the wire being in the path of the wet honey.
Four stainless angles were added to the bottom of the barrel as feet to lift the barrel so as not to touch in the center and give the system more stability. Of course shimmy is to be expected if frames of different weight are added in an unsymmetrical pattern. As you can see in the video these frames were pretty well matched.


text:
Three children are going to buy some plants for their birthdays. They will plant them within circular paths. How could they do this?
If you split the square into these two pieces, it is possible to fit the pieces together again to make a new shape. How many new shapes can you make?
Use the number weights to find different ways of balancing the equaliser.
Notes for adults
You'll need two dice, and either the interactive version above, or a paper version (in colour or black and white), and a counter to be the spider.
Start by playing with one dice. Decide who is the sunshine and who is the rain. Take it in turns to throw the dice and move the spider that number of spaces up (sunshine) or down (rain). If the spider gets right to the top of the pipe, sunshine wins. If it gets to the bottom, rain wins.
Next, try a more interesting version of the game. This time, use two dice. In this game, the player must land exactly on the end of the drain pipe to win. For each turn decide which dice number to use.
Encourage children to make up their own version of the game, and perhaps send in their ideas to us so that other children can try them out. What makes the game good to play?
Teacher resources for this activity can be found here.


text:
Modern Studio in Rotterdam
Size30 m²
Floor No.0
- Internet/WiFi
- Kitchen
- Washer/dryer
- Parking available
- Lockable room
- Balcony/terrace
- Towels
Accommodation summary
|Berglustlaan, 3054 BH Rotterdam, Netherlands
|Property type
|Property ID
|Acceptance rate
|Response time
|A few hours
|Calendar updated
|2 days ago
The bright living room features large windows and leads onto a nice garden with outdoor seating and a terrace. Inside the room, there is a comfortable double bed, a seating area and space to eat or work. A child's bed can be added.
There is a kitchen is equipped with a refrigerator, microwave, cooking plates, kettle, toaster and coffee machine. Wi-Fi and a TV are also present.
Kralingse Bos is a 15-minute drive away and has a lake where visitors can sail, swim, or just relax in the sun beside a barbecue. Rotterdam The Hague Airport is 40 minutes away using public transportation.
Guests travelling to the centre of Rotterdam can visit Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, the Kunsthal Museum and the Witte Huis building which is a National Heritage Site.
House rulesNo smoking.
|Weekly rate for up to 2 guests
|500 €
|Monthly rate for up to 2 guests
|1895 €
|Price for > 2 guests
|26 € per guest/night extra
|Check-in after
|Check-in before
|Check-out before
|Cancellation Policy
Reviews of this property
Very nice accommodation in a very beautiful and peaceful surroundings! Always my pleasure!
Sehr schöne Unterkunft in einer sehr schönen und ruhigen Umgebung! Immer wieder gerne!
We had a great time there. The B&B is nicely done up and has everything you need. We felt very comfortable! The hosts in this home were nice to us.
We had a nice stay. The apartment is small but very nice. Practical means, all there. The location in central Hillerersberg is very suitable for all activities.
Only problem is the parking. There are in this residential area, unfortunately, few, if any in the evening at home. But who seeks shall find.
We would spend there again in this apartment for a while.
Wir hatten einen schönen Aufenthalt. Die Wohnung ist klein, aber sehr schön. Praktische Einrichtung, alles da. Die Lage im Zentrum von Hillerersberg ist für alle Unternehmungen sehr geeignet.
Einziges Problem ist der Parkplatz. Es gibt in dieser Wohngegend leider nur wenige, wenn alle am Abend zu Hause sind. Aber wer suchet, der findet.
Wir würden auf jedem Fall wieder in dieser Wohnung eine Zeit verbringen.
Heerlijk geslapen op prima bedden. De verwarmde vloer was prettig. Het was schoon en netjes en de gastheer en gastvrouw zeer vriendelijk. We hebben weing gebruik gemaakt van de voorzieningen maar alles was aanwezig. Een leuk verblijf in een prachtige wijk.
Reviews for this host's other properties
We had to examine the culture, art and architecture of Rotterdam und needed a good place, where we could stay and work with our computers and where I could have a basestation for my photographers-work. Edwin´s flat or apartment is the perfect place to have tranquility and place enough to do that what we have to work and prepare, when we go to foreign cities to plan our journeys and also in my job to do my artistic work as photo artist. Next tableau is about Rotterdam, maybe even two.
Therefore I can say, that Edwin and the Yoga centre at the Minstreelstraat had given us all we had expected and needed during the period being in Rotterdam. Thanks a lot to Edwin and his wife and if I shall have to go to Rotterdam next time I shall ask Edwin first.
Everything was fine. Very nice studio. Thanks & all the best.
exelent. Every thing was perfect.
Very nice, stylish loft in a dance and yoga school.
Sehr schönes, stylisches Loft in einer Tanz- und Yoga-Schule.
Wunderful Location, clean and very nice host. Quite close to Tram and a lot of small shops arround. :-) We will come and visit again! Thank you for everything! :-)
Sandra & Mathias
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This website is part of the ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) network
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
During week 2 of 2013, from 6-12 January, ECDC monitored several communicable disease outbreaks that may pose a threat in EU countries.
The weekly Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) reported increasing seasonal influenza in a number of European countries, especially in north-western Europe.
Sixteen European countries have reported increasing trend of influenza transmission. Medium intensity of influenza transmission is reported by eleven countries, and one country reports high intensity. The virological pattern seen in Europe is different from that in North America.
The ECDC CDTR is a weekly bulletin intended for epidemiologists and health professionals in the area of communicable disease prevention and control.
Read the full Communicable Disease Threats Report, week 2/2013
Read more:Weekly influenza surveillance overview: Seasonal influenza increasing in a number of European countries, 11 January 2013


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The New York Times Archive - Times Square in the Rain - 1940
- Overview
Not even a downpour slows the pace of Times Square. The Crossroads of the World glistens as New Yorkers rush to Broadway shows or to hail taxis. In partnership with The New York Times Archive, we're proud to offer this historical photograph, which captures the beauty and nostalgia of 1940s New York in the rain.
- Backed with an attached braided wire for mounting.
- Backed with a label giving time period and full story of the image.
- Includes a certificate of authenticity from The New York Times archives.
- Selected from the historical images of The New York Times archives.
- Offered exclusively through Pottery Barn.
- Framed in ramin wood with a black or espresso finish.
- White archival-quality, acid-free, beveled-cut mat.
- Black and white image printed on 260-gram paper with a satin finish.
- Plexiglas front.
- Dimensions & Care
Small Frame - Black and Espresso
- Overall: 14" wide x 12" high
- Frame: 1" wide
- Mat Opening: 9.5" x 7.5"
- Mat: 2" wide
Medium Frame - Black and Espresso
- Overall: 18" wide x 15" high
- Frame: 1" wide
- Mat Opening: 13.5" x 10.5"
- Mat: 2" wide
Large Frame - Black and Espresso
- Overall: 24" wide x 20" high
- Frame: 1" wide
- Mat Opening: 19.5" x 15.5"
- Mat: 2" wide
- Wipe with a slightly damp cloth.
- To avoid scratching, do not use household cleaners.
- Shipping & Return Info
Please allow approximately 4 weeks for delivery.
This item will ship directly from the manufacturer and is not eligible for rush shipping or Next Day Delivery.
UPS can deliver most in-stock items within 4-5 business days.
Next Day Delivery and Processing
We can arrange for next day delivery to most destinations within the contiguous 48 states, for an extra charge of $17.50 per address. If we receive your order by 6pm PT Monday through Friday, you'll receive your order the next business day; orders placed on Friday after 6pm PT through Sunday will arrive on Tuesday. Note: Next Day Delivery service is not available for some oversized items, White Glove Delivery, out of stock items, personalized items or for items shipped directly from the manufacturer.
Select oversized items have an additional delivery and processing surcharge; this charge is listed below the item price.
View the complete Shipping and Delivery Information page.
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The Presidential Race isn't as Close as You Think
Todd Herron | Posted 12.18.2012 | Canada Politics
Read More: Supreme Court, Iowa, US Supreme Court, California, USA-Election-Polls, Ohio, Elections 2012, Obama, Nevada, Romney, Colorado, Texas, Virginia, Swing States, Electoral Votes, Electoral College, North Carolina, Popular Vote, Slideexpand, Canada Politics News
Is the U.S. election really a neck-and-neck race, like the pollsters in the mainstream media keep reporting? Not really. It would be close, if the popular vote indeed decided the Presidency, but it's the Electoral College that determines who wins. That's why Obama and Romney don't bother to campaign in California, New York, or Texas; the outcomes there are "givens." The swing-states are where the action is -- and this time around, Ohio is the "swingyest" of them all.


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Michael Muhney, Adam Newman On 'Young And The Restless,' Abruptly Fired, And Here's Why (EXCLUSIVE)
TV critics may want to revise their 2013 Best and Worst List (a lesson: you should never release it until after the year is officially over).
Yep, the TV Gods still had a major shockeroo to throw our way: the worst and most shocking soap firing just occurred. On Tuesday, "The Young And The Restless"s talented leading man Michael Muhney announced on Twitter he was voted off the soap island in his uber-popular role as Adam Newman. Immediately, stunned fans and press went into soaphylactic shock. The devastating news delivered such a crushing blow that "Y&R" began trending on Twitter for the first time. The Mensa member's last day of shooting is Thursday; he will last air on January 30, 2014. A CBS rep declined to comment.
The "Veronica Mars" scene-stealer came on to the daytime TV scene as an accidental soap star of sorts. He first debuted on the number-one soap opera in 2009, when he took over the legacy character from Chris Engen, an actor who walked away mid-contract due to objections over Adam's storyline and character direction. A consistent prime-time TV character actor, Muhney surprisingly fell in love with the soap opera genre. He also became a co-champion for the art form, even spearheading Daytime Emmy Awards reform a couple of years ago. For his efforts, Muhney was nominated as Outstanding Lead Actor in a drama series this past year by the Daytime Emmy Awards.
In his first exit interview, Huffington Post Canada TV exclusively spoke with the 38-year-old actor moments after he announced his departure on Twitter to find out what happened, how he found out about his imminent exit from the soap world, if the role will be recast, details on his final scenes, and if he'll consider doing soaps again.
HuffPost Canada TV: What the hell?! Are you as shocked as we are? What happened?
Michael Muhney: I was informed Monday night at work. I was told "We're going to be letting you go." Everyone knows I always have something to say. I'm a chatterbox, laugh all you want, but I was rendered speechless for about five minutes. I didn't utter a word. There was truly a moment when I thought I was having a very vivid, surreal dream and I couldn't wake up so I could tell people I was having an awful dream about "Y&R" letting me go. So, unless this is a really long nap I'm taking, it's not a dream and it's really happening.
I was told at almost the exact same time my aunt found out she had officially been diagnosed with breast cancer. Almost within the same hour. So, that has helped me with perspective, in terms of what's happening in the real world. We're just talking about one guy who lost a job. Hey, there's no business like show business. So I want to say, first and foremost, there are more important things people are dealing with in the world today.
Who told you? And what's the official reason for your departure?
[Executive Producer] Jill [Farren Phelps]. We had a private talk in her office. She's always been very kind to me. We have a good rapport. It was intimate ... the way it was handled. [Pauses] Part of me feels this is because I've always been outspoken, and sometimes I've been too outspoken. Sometimes I've walked around with a big backpack full of hubris. That is entirely on me. CBS, Sony, and Jill Phelps are not to blame for that. If I'm going to claim to be a grown man, I have to own that. But it could be financial or story. It was explained to me that CBS and Sony want to give Adam a break for 3-6 months and then they'll bring him back with a different actor. Maybe he does need a break. Adam has been on screen a lot. He's not being killed off.
It's no secret that you and your co-star Eric Braeden [Victor Newman] have had your differences. Was he involved in your firing?
I do know one thing for sure: I really look up to and respect my friend, [Emmy-winning "General Hospital" star] Maura West. She had the most dignified walk down The Green Mile that I've ever seen [when she was fired from "Y&R," too]. In her final days, when her character was dead woman walking, she held her head up high and was classy and professional right until the end. I plan on doing the same thing with everyone I've worked with on the show. I'll apologize for when my character bled into my real life at times and if I was intense a few times. But I'll let everyone know how blessed and honoured I was that I got to work with them all. I got to be an actor in a land where you can play dress-up and pretend with a collective group of other talented actors. I'm going to take Maura's lead. If there were disagreements in the past with Eric, for me, it has to be history.
"Y&R" fans are obviously bereft you're leaving and are threatening to stop watching.
I wish I had an answer for all the fans. Life happens when you're making other plans. "Y&R" is a TV staple and it's bigger than one individual actor. It will continue without me. The fan love and loyalty means so much to me, and the love and friendship of my co-workers. I feel like I'm leaving a very, very dear friend and mentor in Peter Bergman. Also, I'm leaving behind Sharon Case and Melissa Claire Egan, two phenomenal co-stars and friends.
I've done a lot of pilots and projects which never made it in my career, but being let go is a first for me with multiple children. Back when I wasn't a father, it was much easier to move from job to job. Ironically, my greatest acting performance is the one that will never be seen: and that is the strength I display in front of my kids when things get tough. [With trembling voice] I'm their leader --and they're going to have a great Christmas if I have anything to say about it. Yes, I was let go before Christmas, but I choose to look at it positively: My kids are off school for holiday break, so I will have lots of time to spend with them, I'm going to soak up their innocent love. That's my focus now. I realize I live in a world where my career, actions and income impact three little people and my wife. I have to be cognizant of that. I take a lot of pride in my acting and my skills that I have worked very hard to sharpen in the past 16 years, but I pride myself even more on being a father and taking care of my family. That's going to be tough to face.
In its 40th year, "Y&R" has lost four of its most popular superstars: you, Michelle Stafford, Jeanne Cooper -- who passed away in May -- and Billy Miller. As a fan and industry watcher, do you think "Y&R" can survive this mass exodus of its most talented and popular performers? While Billy and Michelle quit, Billy wanted to stay but couldn't agree on contract outs. Michelle told me she would have stayed as well if she still felt inspired by Phyllis.
"Y&R" experienced a lot of loss this year. Bless his heart, on his last day Hartley Sawyer [who has also been let go as Jack's son, Kyle] was more concerned about me when I told him I was leaving! His jaw dropped. We both sat in my dressing room and just talked. It's still hard to process. But, hey, I get to walk out of that building on Thursday with a great actor and friend Billy Miller. It's been an interesting journey. What I envy in guys like Hartley and Billy is that they're single and don't have kids, so anything is possible. But I know, while this is new for me, it's healthy and good to be knocked off your center. I've been thrown into many a deep pool in my life and you can either choose to swim or sink. So, I'm going to break out my best breaststroke and see where it takes me.
As we're talking now, "Y&R" is trending on Twitter.
Wow. I don't know what to say. It's powerful, what I'm feeling, but it's not all positive. It's a conflux of sadness, disappointment, heartbreak, humility, warmth, and a reality check. I'm saddened. I poured my heart, blood, sweat and tears into this show. They say, you don't know what you've got until you lose it, so maybe there's a bit of that, but I try to be a grateful guy most of the time.
Did you anticipate they were thinking of letting you go? Or was this a blind side, a la "Survivor" tribal council?
I saw it coming, and I didn't see it coming. I suspected it could happen, but I didn't think that it really would -- at least not now; maybe down the line. I worked four-and-a-half years on "Y&R." I've been able to enjoy a candle that burns at both ends and a spotlight that burns so bright that maybe it burns out a bit faster than others. I felt like my version of Adam might not last forever. I never called in sick. I never even arrived on time -- I was always early, sometimes hours early, because I wanted to be sharp with my dialogue. I even went into work the day after I snapped my collarbone in half and they worked it into the show! I always gave a 100 percent effort all the time. I believe in being professional at all times.
Some fans and critics were worried about your future on "Y&R" when Adam ran over and killed Delia, Billy and Chloe's daughter. Did that raise a red flag for you?
No. I just thought it was going to be a great story to tell. All I know is whatever load they gave me I tried to carry it with integrity. If a tiny little ant can carry 100 times its weight, I should be able to carry my weight. I'm proud of the stance I made on the show. Gosh ... I can't believe I'm doing an exit interview as I'm heading into the CBS studios right now. I just realized I'm going to pull into these gates only a couple more times. Yesterday, I filmed goodbye scenes to Chelsea, Jack and to Adam's son, Connor. I didn't know at that point I was gone. [Voice cracks] I hope I made some kind of impact.
Let's talk about your future: Would you do another soap? Or are you done?
Let's put it this way, I'll consider Broadway, TV, soaps and film. I see the world differently than I did five years ago: it's all acting. And that's what I love. Given the opportunity to play another amazing role and be paid so I can put food on the table for my kids, I'd do another soap. I'm in. I'll come in with my heart because that's the only way to do things. We're paid as actors to be vulnerable and wear our emotions on our sleeves, so we tend to be more dramatic than the norm. That's a part of my personality and I'll continue to be that way as long as professional.
Arrogantly, when I began on "Y&R," I thought I would take this role for a couple of years, make an impact and return back to prime time and film. But somewhere along the way, I fell in love with the process and the medium. When you become a champion for things that defend that medium and its integrity, you become invested. There are some people -- not all -- who have moved on from soaps in their careers and received huge fame, but they don't acknowledge soaps. If I never do another soap again, and I'm able to find lightning in a bottle this pilot season and find a special character like Adam and a job I'm passionate about, I'll always think fondly of the people involved and be proud of my soap career.
Also, I'm proud of the incredibly passionate fanbase that exists in soaps. Some look down on soap fans, but they're just as amazing as any other audience base out there. I'm not a martyr. I've made mistakes along the way, but even my missteps were all about forward momentum. Mike Tyson said, "Everyone has a plan til they get punched in the mouth." But like Victor Kiam said, "Even if you fall on your face, you're still moving forward." I feel like I've learned a lot about an industry I find fascinating. And one that I'm in love with, by the way. If you only have one life to live, if you can have growth in life, you did something right. And I'm always growing, as an actor and a person.
Finally, when you think of your journey as Adam Newman, what do you think of? Favourite Adam moment?
The very first episode I ever aired. Hearing "Nadia's Theme," I heard the great, booming voice of Peter Bergman say, "The role of Adam Newman will now be played by Michael Muhney." That probably tops it all. So began my fairy tale with the show .... and the rest from here is happily ever after.
Laura Ceron is one of six actors to appear in all 15 seasons of "ER." Ceron played Chuny Márquez starting in the Season 1 episode "Motherhood" and made her final appearance in the series finale "And In the End ..."
Larry Hagman started playing the infamous J.R. Ewing in 1978 when "Dallas" stormed TV airwaves. The show lasted until 1991 and had two TV movies, one in 1996 and the other in 1998, before being revived by TNT in 2012. Off and on, Hagman has been portraying J.R. for 16 years.
Vicki Lawrence originated the character of Mama on "The Carol Burnett Show" in 1974 in "The Family" sketch. The sketch got its own spinoff, "Mama's Family," in 1983. It lasted until 1990 and Lawrence reprising the character from time to time in her comedy acts.
When Dann Florek departed "Law & Order" in 1993, he was replaced by S. Epatha Merkerson who played Lt. Anita Van Buren. Merkerson stayed with the show until the end, playing the same character for 17 years.
Richard Belzer originated the role of John Munch on "Homicide: Life on the Street" in 1993. He's appeared on more than nine different shows as Detective Munch, including "Law & Order: SVU," where he's been a series regular for 14 seasons. Belzer has played Munch for 19 years.
Peter Falk became synonymous with the role of Columbo, one he played from 1968 all the way up until 2003. Falk took over the role of Columbo in the TV movie "Prescription: Murder." While he started playing the character in 1968, his appearances were not consecutive -- there were gaps in between episodes and seasons.
Dann Florek first started playing Captain Cragen in 1990 on NBC's "Law & Order." After three seasons, Dick Wolf shook up the show and replaced Florek. He returned for an episode 1995 and again in a TV movie 1998. He joined "Law & Order: SVU" in 1999 and has been with the series since.
Kelsey Grammer originated the character of Frasier Crane on "Cheers" in 1984 and portrayed the character for 20 years on his spinoff, "Frasier," which ended in 2004. Grammer also played Frasier once again in 2008 for a Dr. Pepper commercial.
James Arness starred in "Gunsmoke" from September 10, 1955, to March 31, 1975, the show's entire 20-year run. Arness also reprised the role of Matt Dillion in five TV movies from 1987 and 1994.
"The Simpsons" as a series started in 1989 on Fox, but the show originated as a short on "The Tracey Ullman" show in 1987. "The Simpsons" recently started its 24th season and has been renewed through Season 25.
Susan Flannery has been around soaps for years, but her longest run has been on "The Bold and the Beautiful" as matriarch Stephanie Forrester. She was one of the few remaining original actors to appear on the soap before news broke that she was leaving in 2012.
Suzanne Martin has been playing Maggie Horton on "Days Of Our Lives" since the show began in 1973. In 1979, Rogers won a Daytime Emmy for her work on the soap.
Susan Lucci fended off stalkers, kidnappers, marriage proposals and every classic soap opera trope on "All My Children" as Erica Kane from 1970 right until the show ended in 2011. Lucci's 41-year run on the soap also netted her 18 Daytime Emmy nominations and one win.
Like her "All My Children" counterpart, Erika Slezak spent 41 years on her ABC soap, "One Life to Live." While she didn't originate the role of Victoria Lord, Slezak took it over in 1971 and stuck around all the way through the very end in January 2012. She won six Daytime Emmys for her work.
Caroll Spinney has been with "Sesame Street" from the start. He's played both Oscar the Grouch and Big Bird since 1969, a total of 43 years. He's won multiple Daytime Emmys for his work on "Sesame Street" and two Grammys for related recordings. In 2006, Spinney was awarded a lifetime achievement award from National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences.


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Had a swarm yesterday - saw them go by the barn. Lots of room in our hives, but decided to check anyway. Likely suspect was a hive with a poor laying queen - opened it up first & there are still lots of bees (aggressive now due no queen?) & lots of Queen cells - about 50/50 capped/uncapped. Anyhow, decided not to worry about the swarm as we didn't like that queen, which begs the question; will a queen about to be superseded swarm?
Golden rod & asters are in full swing right now + some clover, vetch, etc.


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Sendprovider-Mta-Q4rklp.com is a 1 year old domain, situated in Netherlands. The domain is linked to the IP address 18.104.22.168.
It was registered by Send Provider , who can be reached at . The site is owned by IA Hoster N.V. - Send Provider. Registration details show that it was registered on 08 Jan 2016 through mijn internetoplossing b.v. and will expire on 08 Jan 2017.
The site is being served through nginx/1.10.1.


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