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Regardless of reactivity, Copper fittings are out due to price. I can actually get SS fittings at a lower or at least equal price.
The main cost with SS fitting is the Flange at $27.00 for a threaded flange. Any suggestions for the connection from the pipe to the box would be appreciated.
Otherwise I am looking at anywhere from a 1 1/4 inch nipple and 45 degree elbow down to the same in 3/4 inch. Price for the set ranging from $17.03 down to $9.01.
As a comparison a single 45 degree elbow in copper (1 1/4 inch is about $10.00) 3/4 inch is not a lot cheaper.
I priced such large fitting because the Aluminum rod I am starting with is 1 1/4 inch diameter but that is a bit overkill for the fittings.
I am looking for other solutions, preferable lower cost for the connection to the box.
Also the 45 degree elbow is threaded at both ends. I can thread the aluminum rod but would rather have this be a slip fitting for ease in removing and reloading. even if it is a slip fitting with a thumb screw as a set screw for added holding power. If nothing else I will turn and thread a piece from aluminum rod. I much prefer to come up with a design that is of the shelf parts so that anyone even without a shop can repeat it. Except for the glow plug / vaporizing chamber.
By far the big cost with these parts would be the flange. I was lookign for a bulk head adapter but am not making much ground there, plus the costs are still coming in fairly high.
Anyway so far my parts woudl run between $55.37 to $36.01 all stainless steel not including the aluminum chamber or shipping. That heats the tar out of $175 I have heard mentioned for other systems. Still let me know what you all think of that sort of cost. With a little more effort I think we can put a dent in that cost with a solution to the SS flange. I am looking for a brass flange since at this point the brass will not be exposed to the acid vapor. but am not having a lot of luck so far.
One solution to the $27.00 flange is a $3 steel one. Since the SS nipple threads inside this flange it is not likely to be exposed to the acid vapor. In the event a portion of it is that can be coated with something like JB Weld or steel putty as long as those products woudl not create gases of their own.
Last edited by Daniel Y; 08-26-2012 at 07:39 AM.
Everything gets darker, as it goes to where there is less light. Darrel Tank (5PM drawing instructor)
I would suggest keeping the mass of your components as low as possible. The more cold metal the more heat it takes to get above the vapor poiint and the more re crystalization as the gas leaves the heat source.
As for the antiseize compound, there may be a bit of initial off gassing as the liquid component evaporates but the remainder is going to stay pretty much in place. That is what it is made to do and is slathered around all nuts, bolts, threads etc in boiler rooms around the world. It did years ago have a lot of lead powder in it but anything modern is pretty innocuous I think. If you want just use teflon joint tape. The oxalic vapor though is a whole 'nother beast! Just a mere wisp inhaled and you will be clearing your throat for a day or two.
crofter, good point about the mass of the chamber and components. I am actually looking for more mass in the vaporizing chamber for the exact reason of it being a heat sink. This also causes it to remain hotter to handle longer. I do have an idea of how to solve that. keep the chamber warm but make it touchable.
As for the rest of the components they will be a 3/4 inch 45 degree elbow the same size as a galvanized pipe would be and a 1 1/2 inch length of 3/4 inch pipe. I am not sure the distance can be reduce much more than that unless the chamber itself passes through the wall. I have actually thought up a design that will work that way as well and may build it later today.
Basically it is a section of 2 inch diameter aluminum rod that fits through a hole in the box. and slides in and out like a drawer. The pocket for the acid will be a hole drilled in the side of the rod. There will be a stop at each end of the rod to prevent it from being pulled completely out or pushed to far in. The glow plug can be inserted so that it is directly under this pocket. Overall mass from glow plug to pocket of acid would be very small. And mass from vaporized acid to the air of the hive woudl be nothing. at most the acid sets in a pocket that is maybe one half to three quarters of an inch deep. think of the bowl of a smoking pipe with the acid setting in it waiting to be heated. If it works out that the glow plug can be in direct contact with the acid then there is really no mass between the glow plug and the interior of the hive. Faster vaporization since the heat is applied directly to the powder and the chamber itself does not have to be heated.
Everything gets darker, as it goes to where there is less light. Darrel Tank (5PM drawing instructor)
You all are thinking up some great ideas. Please post some pics when you get them finished. I ordered some stainless steel tubing last night to make my nuc entrance nozzle. I'll post some pics when I have it finished.
The tip of the glow plug is very corrosion resistant but not sure about specifically to Oxalic. Should be at least equal to stainless steel. That said, it may not be the best practice to have that high a temperature immediately on the oxalic. Something about it flashing to formic and CO and then not able to sublime to the fine oxalic crystal form you want deposited in the hive. Dont make too dinky of holes to charge your furnace; the oxalic powder looks nice and free flowing when you open a new container but I think it gets pretty crumby and lumpy with exposure. A glo plug is only putting out about 125 watts so you have to limit the heat loss where not needed. A couple of layers of glass cloth and a blanket of aluminum foil dont take up too much room but will slow cool down too if you want to do a series.
In my experience with a crack pipe and how quickly the OA goes from vapor to CO2/water with only a slight increase of heat I believe that the OA directly contacting the glow plug should be avoided. Ideally I feel the chamber needs to be of enough mass that the OA is brought up to heat in a slower controlled manor and the reservoir should be able to hold this heat until all the OA is vaporized. It is very easy to take the OA into the CO2/water stage and a person can be unaware that this has happened rendering your treatment ineffective. That being said the delivery pipe should also be as short as possible to avoid it cooling too fast and the vapor crystallizing in this delivery pipe. The mass of metal needed to make this glow plug work may work against being able to do multiple hives quickly because of the cooling down time between hives unless the unit can be submerged in water.
Bill...in Southeast Ohio Zone 6A, Never look down on anybody unless you are helping them up
I have been thinking this exposed tip as well as the overheating issue over for a couple of days. So far here is my main thought. Not arguing just presenting a possibility based upon my knowledge of other materials. The tip of a glow plug is exposed to diesel fuel and any other additives of that, fuel treatments etc. IT is also exposed in an inclosed high pressure chamber. One case to show it can tolerate exposure but it also may be in part due to the environment in which it is exposed.
As for the overheateg. The OA reaches the temperature at which it will vaporize. it then vaporizes and will remove itself from the heat source. There is a very strong case that when free to vaporize it will do so eliminating any concern that ti woudl be overheated. In another example of this water will boil into steam, in in other words vapor. under open conditions the steam will not ever get hotter as it removes itself from the heat source. the only way to get steam hotter than that is to trap it in a chamber. Water in fact can be gotten far above it's boiling point without boiling if ti is put under pressure. Again it is contained. So although OA can be gotten to temperatures that will react in other ways than vaporizing. I would want to know far more about the exact conditions under which this can happen. I have a strong suspicion it cannot happen while simply exposed to the open air. iN open air the OA will have vaporized and been gone long before the element could reach to high of a temperature. Even if all of this is measure in milli seconds of time frame. the Acid will vaporize at the temperature in which it vaporizes unless it is contained in order to be exposed to temperatures higher than that. there is no concern how it will react to higher temperatures than that.
In addition there are already some designs that are demonstrated to work. At most the ideas being discussed here are alterations of those designs.
Mass is a trade off. Retained heat means the next batch is vaporized with less energy. it also means more heat retained making the unit to hot to handle. I have been toying with ideas on how to keep the heat only where it si wanted. glass cloth to insulate fro example. but to insulate just a small pocket of a chamber that holds the acid. this you have quick heating of a very small mass as well as the quick cooling of that same small mass. The heat from the glow plug only has one way to go in effect. and that is into the cup and as a result into the OA.
Anyway back to the real world.
Do to a rocky start (to many projects at once) I have finally ordered the Stainless Stell pipe fittings. Total Cost $14.36 with shipping from buyfittingsonline.com
I got
1- 3/4 inch nipple NPT
1- 3/4 inch 45 degree Elbow NPT
I will be machining an adapter to fit the Elbow and the 1 1/4 inch diameter Aluminum rod that I will make the vapor chamber out of.
I will continue to look for a way to make one of these entirely out of off the shelf parts.
I also ordered a 2 lb bottle of OA on E-bay for $12.50 including shipping.
Still to get is a 2/4 inch galvanized pipe flange for attaching the pipe to the side of the box. I estimate this to cost about $3.00. MY daughter was going by the hardware store today so hopefully she found one.
So for now I have some waiting for orders to arrive as well as some metal turning and drilling to do. I will attempt to keep this as simple as possible for those with at least limited shop availability.
Everything gets darker, as it goes to where there is less light. Darrel Tank (5PM drawing instructor)
Good info Daniel. Sound reasonable. The only thing I can think of that might make a small difference is OA is a compound, H2C2O4. Each one of those elements has a different vaporization temp but Like you said I think it will be measured in miliseconds. Can't wait to see what you build.
I did find this info on OA: http://scientificbeekeeping.com/oxal...-2-of-2-parts/
Also I nearly have my smaller nuc nozzle finished. Just have to figure out the proper length. It's 3/8" stainless steel tube, press fitted in to a piece of aluminum thats threaded to fit my 1/2" pipe setup. As you can see in the pic I took some mass out of my 12v combustion chamber to help it heat faster. Just have to test it out.
I had a little free time today so I carved a Maori Fish Hook out of a piece of deer antler. Now if I can just figure out how to carve a HoneyBee.
Thanks Shadow, I have been wondering about the mass of the chamber myself. It makes since to me that smaller is better both for heating up and cooling down.
The smallest aluminum rod I had laying around was 1.25 inch diameter.as it turns out I cannot mount this on my metal lathe (it is a mini 7X12) due to it holding only up to a 1 inch diameter piece. Grrrrr.
I drilled the chamber on my drill press. The glow plug fits just fine but the hole did not come out centered. I will look for a smaller piece of rod that will fit my lathe and make a new one in the future.
Interesting article. Several points caught my attention. One being that the mite kill according to his chart is nearly identical at 1.4 gram dosage as it is at 2.8. Sort of makes me wonder just how little of a dose is enough. It is a great example of showing how if enough is good more is not better.
I did pay attention to the portion about the Acid vaporizing or decomposing. It does clearly show there is a danger of decomposing the OA rather than vaporizing it by applying heat to quickly. What it does not include is how much is to much heat and in what time period.
In part due to other conversations including private ones with others. I am thinking the problem results from applying the OA to a surface or chamber that has not been allowed to cool adequately. Otherwise some of the vaporizers I have seen seem to vaporize almost immediately.
At any rate heating to quickly is definitely a concern in these designs.
I like the fish hook. The last thing I carved was quite a while back. it was a guitar pick from Mother of Pearl. I made it for a friend who was just starting to learn to play.
Everything gets darker, as it goes to where there is less light. Darrel Tank (5PM drawing instructor)
I made up a vaporizer yesterday. I used two glow plugs so they sit either side of the chamber which is a piece of 1/2 stainless pipe about an inch and a half long with the ends closed and hole cut in the top to fill. Crude but I wanted to observe the process. I note that there is quick recrystalization on parts that are not up to temperature. Looks like hoar frost. After a while as the chamber heats, it does go off into the air. I dont think a length of pipe leading into the hive will give a dependably measured delivery. The propane heated crack pipe shows the same thing unless you heat up the discharge pipe before you heat the area with the powder. It takes a bit of fiddling to get good boil off without having it flash. It is not nice to be that up close and personal with oxalic vapor, so the electric is more user friendly. What I stuck together is not slim enough to go through a standard entrance. In a way I dont want the glow plug exposed to potentially ignite wax inside a hive as they certainly glow a bright yellow for about an inch long. Still meditating!
I finished my chamber glow plug assembly as well as the connection to the box yesterday and today. I am not completely happy with it due to having to resort to some copper fittings. Without the ability to reduce the aluminum rod to be threaded to fit the SS elbow I had to find a slip fitting for the 1 1/4 inch rod. Three fittings total and nearly $30. I am not happy with the cost either.
I can fix the entire problem with using 1 inch aluminum rod in the future which then can be threaded to fit the ss pipe fittings. For now this will work for testing etc. To use it on my hives I will coat the inner surfaces of the copper fittings with epoxy such as JB weld.
Total cost of the assembly is now.
Glow Plug $10.76
1 1/4 inch to 1 inch reducing coupling $6.27
1 inch to 3/4 inch bushing $5.69
3/4 inch slip to 3/4 inch male pipe thread adapter $2.44
2.5 inch piece of 3/4 inch copper pipe. $0.80 ( I had to buy 2 feet of pipe for $7.69 for only 2.5 inches)
3/8 inch copper cap to make a measuring scoop $1.38 including tax
3/4 inch galvanized pipe flange $8.00
3/4 in SS 45 degree elbow $5.98
3/4 inch 1 3/8 inch ss nipple $3.03
Shipping $5.35
Total $49.70
Add the cost of the acid and the total is 62.20. Still more than $100 cheaper than buying one ready made.
Replacing the aluminum rod I am using with 3 inches of 1 inch aluminum rod would be about $2.50 in aluminum and eliminate nearly $20 in copper pieces. This also keeps the cost at around the $45 I consider acceptable. It does require the ability to thread the aluminum Rod to fit the Elbow. Another solution woudl be to use 3/4 inch aluminum rod and a 3/4 male thread to 3/4 inch slip adapter. This dos keep a small section of the pipe being copper though. This might be a better solution for that that need parts that just hook together though. I believe something reliable and safe can be found to coat the copper with making it a non issue.
So now I am down to the power supply. I have a battery charger but it is a smart charger that test the battery before starting the charge. it does not recognize a glow plug as a fit battery so it will not send the juice.
The easy answer of course is just yank a battery out of the car and hook up jumper cables. But I am looking at other alternatives as well. One thing that I found that got me thinking was an emergency jump starter kit. I have found several starting at around $40 listed as 300 amps or so. Anyone have any idea if one of these should work?
Otherwise does anyone have a specific battery charger that does work?
Everything gets darker, as it goes to where there is less light. Darrel Tank (5PM drawing instructor)
Why are you wanting rid if the copper? I doubt it would harm anything. Lots of people using the "crack pipe" that haven't reported problems.
Big Gun, For one $20 for 3 3/4 inch fittings. I am trying to keep this as low cost as possible. Second somewhere in one of the discussion on OA and vaporizers it was mentioned that the acid reacts with copper and produces a toxic gas. I am trying to avoid copper brass and galvanized steel as much as possible. I am not really sure the amount of gas produced is enough to be concerned with that is why I was willing to make an exception at all. Still the stuff is just way to high priced. Stainless Steel pipe is cheaper.
Everything gets darker, as it goes to where there is less light. Darrel Tank (5PM drawing instructor)
Yup, Stainless is alot cheaper.
Daniel if your lathe is 7x12 why can't you turn a 1 1/4" piece? Hole through the spindle 1"? I can't see what you trying to do but I was curious. I have noticed that alot of battery chargers have the smart charge feature. Don't know about an emergency jump box. You might pick up a core trade in battery from your local parts house that still has some life in it.
Also for everyone, I found some measurements of the cup on the 12v type that slides in the front entrance.
Aluminum block is 1.700 x 1.165 x .360
Cup is machined in the block: 1.170 x 1.050 x .325
Machine the cup tight to one side leaving space for the glow plug.
Block holding glow plug is: .450 x .450 x 1.663
Threads on glow plug are machined off. A set screw in the block holds it in place.
Shadow. The capacity of my chuck is only 1 inch diameter. I want to go with a smaller diameter aluminum stock anyway. I just have to wait to get it.
I am thinking of making up a slide it style as well. thanks for the dimensions.
Everything gets darker, as it goes to where there is less light. Darrel Tank (5PM drawing instructor)


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subset: commoncrawl


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February 28, 1975
Baton Rouge, LA US
LSU Assembly Center
Rock and Roll, Sick Again, Over the Hills and Far Away, In My Time of Dying, The Song Remains the Same, Rain Song, Kashmir, No Quarter, Trampled Underfoot, Moby Dick, Dazed and Confused (incl. Woodstock), Stairway to Heaven, Whole Lotta Love, Black Dog.
Click here to view the North American '75 Tour Programme (flipbook)
Press Review: Metallic Sounds Highlight Led Zeppelin's LSU Concert
Rock 'n' roll's heaviest metal magicians, Led Zeppelin, blended their past and present for a multi-sensational experience at last night's LSU Assembly Center concert.
As lead singer Robert Plant told a packed audience early in the concert, it's "a cross-section of musical color we've managed to get together in the last six years . . . so hang on to your heads."
"Hang on to your heads "was good advice as lead guitarist Jimmy Page sent wave after wave of hundred-decibel metallic sounds surging through a huge bank of amplifiers.
With his guitar at crotch level and chest arched ceiling ward, Page seemingly has no bones — his body flows just as the music he orchestrates does.
The three-hour concert, unmarred by intermissions and boring backup bands, predictably climaxed with the classic "Stairway to Heaven."
The tall, wild-haired Plant stood spotlighted in gold as he temporarily tamed his screaming vocal cords to lead softly into the 1971 hit that remains their most requested song.
But the tempo and intensity of "Stairway to Heaven" quickly climbed to a crescendo, only to soften, then build, then soften again.
The concert itself was alternately but continually hard and soft, punctuated by smoke and swirling light.
All of the group's six albums, including the recently released "Physical Graffiti," were touched upon. Led Zeppelin blended many of their songs together in long, somewhat new interpretations. "Over the Hills and Far Away" became "Misty Mountain Hop" and then "Over the Hills" again. "Dazed and Confused" drifted into a surprise rendering of "Woodstock."
Bassist John Paul Jones was featured on the piano and organ in "No Quarter" amid rising blue and green smoke and swirling specks of green, yellow and red light.
And drummer John Henry Bonham had the stage to himself for an extended (perhaps a little too long) drum solo of "Moby Dick."
But throughout most of the show, it is Page and Plant who are front and center, setting the tempo, pace and mood.
The Led Zeppelin show is a draining experience for both performers and audience. The pulsating, twanging, metallic rhythms, coupled with bursts of light and smoke, marked by screaming heights one minute, temporarily gentled tones the next, is an odyssey in itself. [By C. WEATHERSBY]
Submit your personal review of a particular show you attended, updates, corrections, etc., which will be considered for addition to the official online archive.
You may also contact the webmaster at: email@example.com
Submit your personal review of a particular show you attended, updates, corrections, etc., which will be considered for addition to the official online archive.You may also contact the webmaster at: email@example.com
Baton Rouge Concert '75
I was at this concert... Page announced, "Here isa new one from our new album to be released Physical Graffitii.. The new song is Kashmir!!! This was the first time I had ever heard this song ever! Totally blew me away. I still think it is one of their best songs ever recorded.


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Lighting an Aquarium with PAR instead of Watts
Before any discussion of aquarium lighting can proceed, first we have to debunk the myth about "watts per gallon" being a measurement of light intensity.
When the only practical source of light for a planted tank was T12 fluorescent tubes, someone decided that the way to pick out the best lighting was to figure out the "watts per gallon" that were needed to grow various types of plants. This would make sense if we could pour a teaspoon of watts of light into a tank, and get a light concentration of X watts per gallon of water, just as we pour a teaspoon of potassium nitrate in the tank to get a nitrate concentration of Y mg per liter of water. But light is nothing like a chemical - you can't pour it anywhere, you can only shine it on something. That alone should debunk "watts per gallon" as a measure of light intensity.
But, there is more: Let us assume we have two 20 gallon tanks, with 40 watts of T12 Fluorescent light on each one - 2 watts per gallon. One tank is a 20L and one is a 20H. The 20L tank is 12 inches high, and the 20H tank is 16 inches high. If the fluorescent light sits right on top of each of the tanks, the light on the 20H tank is 4 inches farther from the substrate - 33% farther from the substrate. Because light intensity drops approximately proportional to one divided by the distance from the light squared, the intensity at the substrate in the 20H tank has to be about 56% of that at the substrate in the 20L tank. That alone should debunk "watts per gallon" as a measure of light intensity.
But, there is more: Let us assume we have two 20H tanks, one with a 40 watt T12 light sitting on top of the tank, and the other with the same light hanging 12 inches above the top of the tank. Again, because light intensity drops approximately proportional to one divided by the distance from the light squared, the intensity at the substrate for the tank with the light hanging 12 inches above the top of the tank must be about 32% of the light intensity of the tank with the light sitting on top of the tank. And, that alone should debunk "watts per gallon" as a measure of light intensity.
So, that is three strikes against "watts per gallon".
But, there is more: Let us assume we have two 20H tanks, one with 40 watts of T5HO light, from a Tek light fixture, the other with 40 watts of T12 light. Anyone who has looked at both a T5HO bulb and a T12 bulb, when they are lit up, knows that the T12 bulb can be stared at without distress, but the T5HO bulb causes some temporary blindness if you look at it for more than a few seconds. The T5HO bulb is much, much brighter, and has to give much more light at a given distance than the T12 bulb.
"Watts per gallon" is dead!
Light intensity can be measured in lux, which is the intensity as perceived by human eyes. Or, it can be measured in PAR units, which is the intensity as perceived by plants. PAR is an acronym for "photosynthetically active radiation" - the radiation (light) that is used by plants for photosynthesis. The units of PAR are micromols of photons per square meter per second. So, a PAR of 1 is one millionth of a mole of photons striking a one square meter area every second.
Human eyes see the yellow green area of the spectrum of light very well - our eyes are very sensitive to yellows and greens, but we see reds and blues much less well. Plants are very sensitive to reds and blues, absorbing most of the light in those colors, but less sensitive to yellows and greens, reflecting a lot of the light in those colors. That is why most plants look green or yellow.
The best way to find out how much light intensity we have in our planted tanks is to measure it. To do that we must use a PAR meter. A few years ago the only PAR meters available cost a few thousand dollars apiece. Now there are much cheaper PAR meters available.
You can buy a Quantum PAR meter, Model MQ, for $329 plus shipping. That is a near laboratory quality meter, with a guaranteed calibration, which can be re-calibrated at the factory when needed. It is the Cadillac of hobbyist PAR meters, usually bought only by clubs, where many members can use it.
A lower priced version of the Quantum PAR meter is just the sensor, Model SQ, for $139 plus shipping. To use this you need to either use a good millivoltmeter, which gives the best accuracy, or a cheap lux meter, like the Mastech LX1010BS, from Amazon.com, at about $20 plus shipping. Used with the lux meter you need to do your own calibration. You can use your digital multimeter, with a millivolt scale and the sensor, to determine the PAR from a light at a fixed distance, then connect the Mastech lux meter to the sensor to see what the meter reads at that PAR. This gives you a calibration constant for that combination of sensor and meter to convert lux to PAR.
Still cheaper is to buy one of the DIY PAR meters made by Mistergreen and/or O2surplus, for about $60. These are calibrated, and the meter reads in PAR units, but they may not be available when you want to obtain one.
Cheapest is to buy a Mastech LX1010BS, at $20 plus shipping, and modify it yourself per http://www.plantedtank.net/forums/sh...d.php?t=179789 but you have to calibrate this yourself. However, the total cost should be $35 or less. If the Quantum PAR meter is the Cadillac of PAR meters, this is the refurbished Volkswagon bug of PAR meters.
Before we can even start to measure the light intensity, or PAR, that a given light will provide on our tank we first have to obtain the light. It may seem that we have to be working blind when we make this selection, given that knowing the "watts per gallon" won't tell us anything about the intensity we will get. But, because there are now many PAR meters in hobbyist's hands, we now have a lot of data on how much PAR we can get from several different lights, made by several different manufacturers. More data becomes available every month.
Today we can chose one of several different types of lights:
T5HO fluorescent lights with 1,2,3,4, etc. bulbs
T5NO fluorescent lights
T8 fluorescent lights with 1,2,3,4, etc. bulbs
PC power compact fluorescent lights with 1 or 2 bulbs
LED lights of many configurations - DIY or ready made
CFL screw-in fluorescent lights - DIY
For each of those types of lights a chart can be made showing the PAR produced by the light versus the distance from the light. These charts show the light intensity as measured without a tank of water being involved - just the intensity as measured in air. This is necessary to avoid the many variations in intensity caused by the tank dimensions and the cleanliness of the tank glass, both of which can have about a 10-20% effect on the intensity.
LOW LIGHT, MEDIUM Light, HIGH LIGHT
I don't believe there is any consensus about the definition of low, medium and high light. But, here is my definiition, subject to, and almost certain to change:
Low light - 15-30 micromols of PAR - CO2 is not needed, but is helpful to the plants
Medium light - 35-50 micromols of PAR - CO2 may be needed to avoid too many nuisance algae problems
High light - more than 50 micromols of PAR - pressurized CO2 is essential to avoid major algae problems
The following charts show the data that I now have for various lights. As I get more data I will keep updating the charts and adding new ones. If you want a light that isn't included in the charts you can study the reflectors used in the light you want and compare them to the photos following the charts to see which charted light is closest to the one you want, to get a rough guess at what PAR that light will give you.
Fluorescent tube lights produce about the same light intensity for any length of tube, from about 24 inches to at least 60 inches. The longer bulbs are proportionally higher in wattage, so that the bulb wattage is mostly a measure of the bulb length, not the bulb brightness. For bulbs shorter than 24 inches, this may not be true.
CAUTION: Not all lights use a true, full power HO ballast. Some cheaper models use lower power ballasts, and will not produce as much PAR as those with good ballasts. Compare the chart for the FishNeedIt lights to the others for an example.
One layer of window screen over the bottom half of each bulb, right on the bulb, drops the PAR by about 30%
See http://www.plantedtank.net/forums/sh...d.php?t=160396 for much more information on LED lights.
Photos of various reflectors used in T5 lights:
Hagen GLO 2 bulb light
ATI 4 bulb T5HO
Home Depot 2 bulb Diamond Plate Shop Light - note the reflections of each bulb.
One bulb T8 light with fairly good reflector
Aquaticlife 4 bulb Light
sticky this! and give this man a noble prize!
39 Attachment(s)
I agree, BUT it's the NOBEL PRIZE, hehe. ( the prize was named after Alfred Nobel: The dude that invented TNT )
Hi Hoppy. I'm new here. Have you measured the PAR using 30" tanks like the 20Long, 29g and 37g? Most bulbs, PC, T5HO, T8 and T12, are approximately 22" long. This configuration has approximately 4" of space on each side that is not directly under the bulb. (I know that Coralife has some 30" T5NO and T5HO fixtures with 28" bulbs available and Zoo-Med has some 30" T5HO fixtures with 28" bulbs as well. We can use your presently available charts to find the PAR for these fixtures.) I am interested in the 22" bulbs over 30" tanks because so many people have this size of aquarium. You could probably extrapolate this reading of PAR.
One more question concerns your PAR measurements in the graph showing the distance from front to back. Why are there 10 micromoles difference at 4" from center in the aquarium with no water and the tank with water has 5 micromoles difference. Why is there a difference when measured from front to back? The back side of the aquarium has more PAR than the front side, if I am reading the chart correctly. Why is this? (I am not concerned with the 5 micromoles difference from an aquarium with water in it and one without water.) Why does the PAR increase on the back side verses the front side? It would seem to me that the front side and back side would have similar readings as the distance from center increases.
One last question. Why do the aquariums with water in them have a higher PAR than aquariums without water? I would guess that it would be the other way around. Aquariums without water would have a higher PAR reading that aquariums with 5" of water in them would be my guess.
When light shines into an aquarium the air-water interface slightly focuses the light. Beams off center are refracted towards the center. This is why the PAR around the center of the tank goes up when you add water. Near the glass at the front, back, and ends, there is considerable reflection of light back into the tank from the glass-air interface, which increases the PAR near the glass. But, if the glass is less than perfectly clean on either side of the glass the amount reflected back into the water is decreased. As I recall I did those PAR measurements in a 10 gallon tank, which I didn't take pains to clean thoroughly. The glass must have been non-uniformly dirty. This was a few years ago, so my memory of that isn't perfect.
I don't have either a 30 inch long tank, nor a 24 inch long light to do PAR tests with. Most of the data I have comes from others who either post it or PM it to me. Someone with the right tank and light, and access to a PAR meter, needs to do that testing. One thing I do know is that if you raise the light far enough above the top of the tank a short light can light up a tank well enough for our purposes. In fact one good way to light a tank is to use a short, but very bright light (4 bulb T5HO, for example) suspended a foot or more above the tank. That greatly reduces the difference in PAR between the water surface and substrate level, and gives relatively uniform light over the substrate.
Does anybody here have a PAR meter I can borrow? I'd like to measure PAR,I'm not sure what to do with my lights. The plaster in the ceiling crumbles too much to hang.
Definitly sticky. Thanks for the time you put in on this Hoppy. It is a great help.
Now that we got that cleared up, let's move onto PUR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation) ;)
PUR = photosynthetically usable radiation, a concept I haven't yet seen a good reason to dig into. Plants use light from the whole spectrum between about 400 and 700 nanometers wave length. Unlike what many people believe, they also use green light, just not as efficiently as they use blue and red light.
If it was hard to get enough light to grow our plants, we would want to get every advantage we could, and look for bulbs that wouldn't waste any light in the green wave lengths, which, if you think about it, would leave us with very drab looking plants. But, the bigger problem we now have is avoiding too much light, not getting enough light. So, why bother with PUR?
is there anything this guy doesnt know about lighting?
The other issue really is what coloration and aesthetics a particularly color spectral curve imparts to the plants. This is far harder to quantify(thus matters little in terms of growth itself), but PUR and RGR (Relative growth rates) can be quantified. This is particularly true when you get down closer and closer to where P=R, or the light compensation point for lower energy input for PUR.
It is also noted by some people who have measured PAR for their light, that bulbs with different color temperatures, 6500K and 10000K for example, produce different PAR. For now I think it is hard enough to characterize what a given light fixture produces in PAR vs distance, that the finer points, like color temperature, will just have to wait a few years. The difference in PAR from a 10000K and a 6500K bulb is probably within the uncertainty range for most lights. And, all of this data is from lights operated out in the air, not in a water filled tank, where the difference is also probably within the uncertainty range for most lights.
Tonight I was measuring PAR from a screw-in CFL bulb in a dome type reflector. I noticed that on turning on the light the PAR slowly increased for a minute or two, then even more slowly dropped part of the way back. It was an old bulb, so this may be a problem with the bulb's built in ballast. Imagine the error this could introduce if you didn't allow for it.
Thank you for updating all this hoppy!! ⛄
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A large guage shotgun that is modified with a shorter barrel. The phrase originated in the late 1800's, but had a resurgence of popularity in the 20's and 30's.
by GrifterOi May 29, 2008
A shotgun, usually a twelve guage
ill take the 9 mil, u carry the street howitzer.
by utizzle January 01, 2008


text:
U.S. Attorney's Office
500 Poydras St
Eastern District of Louisiana
Suite 210-B
New Orleans, Louisiana 70130
Tel: 504.680.3000
Fax: 504.589.4510
FORMER SCHOOL BOARD PRESIDENT'S DAUGHTER SENTENCEDMarch 11, 2010
STACY SIMMS, age 49, a resident of New Orleans, Louisiana, daughter of former Orleans Parish School Board President Ellenese Brooks-Simms, was sentenced in federal court today pursuant to the Government's 5K motion (which remains under seal) by U. S. District Court Judge Eldon E. Fallon to serve two (2) years probation in connection with her prior guilty plea to misprision of a felony, announced U.S. Attorney Jim Letten.
According to court records, Ellenese Brooks-Simms, while an elected member of the Orleans Parish School Board secretly conspired with Mose Jefferson to approve the purchase of an educational software program for the Orleans Parish School System. In connection with this bribery scheme, Mose Jefferson received over $913,000 of Orleans Parish School Board money as sales commissions for selling the software program to the school system. In exchange for her assistance in promoting and approving the software program, Ellenese Brooks-Simms received approximately $140,000 as kickbacks from Mose Jefferson, and her daughter, STACY SIMMS, concealed her knowledge of the criminal conduct, by allowing a bank account in her name to be opened and used as a clearinghouse for bribe payments.
The case was investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Criminal Division of the Internal Revenue Service and the Office of the Inspector General for the Department of Education. The case was prosecuted by Senior Litigation Counsel Salvador Perricone, and Assistant U. S. Attorneys Richard R. Pickens, II and Michael Simpson.


text:
Matt Cain has been named the National League starting pitcher for Tuesday night's All-Star Game.
The Blue Jays will activate both Josh Donaldson (calf) and Troy Tulowitzki (hamstring) before Friday's game against the Rangers.
Henry Schulman of the San Francisco Chronicle writes that the Giants optioning Christian Arroyo back to Triple-A Sacramento "seems to be on the table."
Tom Murphy (wrist) could begin a rehab assignment as soon as next week.
Jon Gray (foot) hopes to throw a bullpen session this weekend without wearing a walking boot.
Michael Wacha allowed six runs on seven hits over four-plus innings in Thursday's 7-3 loss to the Dodgers.
Carlos Correa went 3-for-4 with a two-run home run in Thursday's 7-6 win over the Tigers.
Xander Bogaerts got his long-awaited first home run of the 2017 season Thursday, finishing 2-for-4 with two RBI and two runs scored in a 6-2 win over the Rangers.
Drew Pomeranz had it all working Thursday, striking out 11 while allowing two runs over six innings in a win over the Rangers.
Robbie Ray struck out nine Brewers over seven scoreless innings as the Diamondbacks shut out the Crew 4-0 on Thursday.
Ryan Braun (calf) will be placed on the 10-day disabled list.
Dinelson Lamet struck out eight while allowing one run over five innings in his MLB debut Thursday, a 4-3 win over the Mets.


text:
Bergdahl family marks capture anniversary
Family of an Idaho prisoner of war marked the third anniversary of his capture by the Taliban in Afghanistan, saying they hope he's released this year and can return home.
U.S. Army Soldier Sgt. Bowe Bergdahl of Hailey was captured June 30, 2009, and is believed held in Pakistan or Afghanistan.
His family released a statement Friday, thanking organizations for efforts to keep their son's name in the public eye. The statement came through the U.S. Department of Defense, where officials reiterated their ongoing efforts to secure Bergdahl's release.
The Pentagon says securing the 26-year-old's freedom remains "a constant focus for commanders in Afghanistan."
Governor Otter also released a statement Friday that said "My thoughts and prayers are with the Bergdahl family today as we approach Sgt. Bowe Bergdahl's 4th year of captivity."
Recent media reports suggested Bergdahl was disenchanted with the military's mission in central Asia and may have walked off his base before he was taken prisoner.


text:
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DWYCK : a Cipher on Hip Hop poetics Part 3 December 20, 2013: Before we jump back in, last night was Zook's funeral. Taking the A train to Utica, I am reminded that Boys and Girls High School was where the African Street Festival took place for many [...]
DWYCK: a Cipher on Hip Hop poetics Part 1 December 18, 2013: On December 12, an old creative ally passed away suddenly. A brilliant MC, a thoughtful poet, a visual artist, a jack all of trades, Zook aka Gadzook aka Zookness aka Craig Davis leaves with me a [...]


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Drilling Ice: Antarctica
A field team holds lengths of an ice-auger after having drilled through the 4-5m permanent ice cover of Lake Fryxell in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Drilling is the first step to opening a hole through which the water column below can be sampled.
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Former Secretary of Defense offers perspectives from decades of service
Thursday, November 14, 2013
As he greeted a full house in Symphony Hall Wednesday night, Gates set the stage for an evening of serious reflection on national affairs, interspersed with humorous observations from a long career in public service that has included working under eight U.S. presidents, serving as Director of the CIA, and leading two universities.
"It's good to be back in Boston, but then again, it's good to be anywhere other than Washington these days," jibed Gates at the start of his talk. He continued, "Washington is a place where so many people are lost in thought because it's such unfamiliar territory."
Gates, the first Secretary of Defense to have served two presidents of different political parties, was appointed by President George W. Bush in 2006, and served under President Barack Obama until 2011.
Gates said he set out to become a history professor, but his trajectory changed when he met a Central Intelligence Agency recruiter at a job fair in 1966. He spent nearly 27 years as an intelligence professional, rising through the ranks of the CIA to become its director in 1991. He has also served as president of Texas A&M University and chancellor of the College of William and Mary, his alma mater.
"Of all of the positions I've held, being Secretary of Defense was the greatest honor of my life," he reflected.
He covered sweeping ground during his appearance, sharing experiences from the White House Situation Room and stories about strange and exotic meals with world leaders. He weighed in on everything from terrorism and nuclear weapons to the eccentricities, foibles and accomplishments of all the presidents he served.
"Richard Nixon was probably our strangest president: a career politician who was a loner and hated mingling with people," said Gates, adding that Nixon wandered the White House drunk some nights near the end of his presidency, talking to portraits of his predecessors.
Gates holds the greatest admiration for Ronald Reagan, praising him as a visionary with a wonderful sense of humor. As for his tenure under presidents Bush and Obama, he "saw many areas of continuity rather than change in the national security arena" between the two administrations.
He recalled the gravity of sending troops to war as secretary of defense, and discussed the different forms of terrorism and rogue nations that threaten American and global security. But, in his eyes, the greatest threat to national security and stability is the paralyzing politics of Capitol Hill, and he believes our future place in the world depends on us, not on other countries.
"There is an unwillingness to put aside short-term partisan gain for the overall well-being of the country," Gates lamented. "The moderate center, the foundation of our political center, is not holding. The government shutdown last month caught a lot of attention, but what's most damaging is still ongoing: sequestration."
He added later, "There may be a more stupid way to cut the budget, but I can't think of one."
During a Q&A session following his lecture, he fielded an array of inquiries and expanded on points he made during his speech.
Gates, who is an Eagle Scout himself and will become president of the Boy Scouts of America in May, touched upon the importance of volunteerism and public service – whether it's serving in the military, volunteer teaching, working in the national parks, or tutoring. He worries that too many Americans talk about their rights as citizens without thinking about the obligations of citizenship.
"I'm a believer in one year of national service. … I believe it would help to re-instill in this country a sense of togetherness, that we are all part of the same country."
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"Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol" opens wide tomorrow. It was an awesome flick and is getting great reviews, but one of the big concerns going in was – would Tom Cruise still sell as an action star?
We've had 30 years of Tom Cruise now. He made his big screen debut in 1981. He has 37 films on his IMDb page. That's a large body of work.
But a lot of people tuned out during his crazy time, when he was attacking Oprah like the Emporer, and then telling Matt Lauer that he was an expert on the history of psychiatry. MI:3 bore the brunt at that time… will MI:4 as well?
So what do YOU think of Tom Cruise? Can YOU handle the truth? What are your favorite movies of his? What are your favorite Tom Cruise breakdown moments? Would you rather your favorite Hollywood Stars practice voodoo than Scientology? Was Les Grossman enough to win you back?
Let's hear it!! 😀


text:
Wikileaks & the Security Community
As everyone knows Wikileaks has been forced to run and hide with the latest "cables" that were released. ( I will not debate the legality of Wikileaks, this is not about that). Wikileaks has been put under numerous attacks and been pulled from numerous services. Examples will be Paypal and EveryDNS. They have faced extreme pressure from numerous governments now and have Assange has been put on Interpol's wanted list.
To me Wikileaks has raised a very important issue here. With the pressure from numerous governments and companies and possibly those same governments or companies inflicting the DDOS attacks.
WHO is on Wikileaks side?
Shouldn't we as a security community stand up for whoever chooses to use the internet as a communication medium?
It seems to be really one sided here. There is the chance that I am just not privy to the information flowing back the other way due to our corrupted news organizations.
What do you think?


text:
National Park
The Olympic Mountains are not very high--Mount Olympus, the highest, is just under 8,000 feet--but they rise almost from the water's edge and intercept moisture-rich air masses that move in from the Pacific. As this air is forced over the mountains, it cools and releases moisture in the form of rain or snow. At lower elevations rain nurtures the forests while at higher elevations snow adds to glacial masses that relentlessly carve the landscape. The mountains wring precipitation out of the air so effectively that areas on the northeast corner of the peninsula experience a rain shadow and get very little rain. The town of Sequim gets only 17 inches a year, while less than 30 miles away Mount Olympus receives some 200 inches falling mostly as snow.
These mountains have arisen from the sea. For eons, wind and rain washed sediments from the land into the ocean. Over time these sediments were compressed into shale and sandstone. Meanwhile, vents and fissures opened under the water and lava flowed forth, creating huge underwater mountains and ranges called seamounts. The plate(s) that formed the ocean floor inched toward North America about 35 million years ago and most of the sea floor went beneath the continental land mass. Some of the sea floor, however, was scraped off and jammed against the mainland, creating the dome that was the forerunner of today's Olympics. Powerful forces fractured, folded, and over-turned rock formations, which helps explain the jumbled appearance of the Olympics. Radiating out from the center of the dome, streams, and later a series of glaciers, carved peaks and valleys, creating the beautiful, craggy landscape we know today. Ice Age glacial sheets from the north carved out the Strait of Juan Fuca and Puget Sound, isolating the Olympics from nearby landmasses.
Surrounded on three sides by water and still crowned by alpine glaciers, the Olympics retain the distinctive character that developed from their isolation. Several plants and animals are unique to the Olympics--examples of how genetic diversification occurs when geographical isolation exists. The most striking example is the Olympic marmot, with its distinct chromosonal and behavioral patterns. Others included Flett's violet, Piper's bellflower, Olympic Mountain synthyris, Olympic chipmunk, Olympic snow mole, and Beardslee and Cresceti trout, as well as others.
The Coast
Some 57 miles of Pacific Ocean coastline form a vital component of Olympic National Park. This coastline has remained little changed except for the impact of the pounding surf and storms. It looks much as it did when American Indians built their first villages thousands of years before European explorers arrived.
The coast is where the land meets the sea, vibrating with life and energy. Drift logs cast high on the beach; sculptured arches and sea stacks; the roar of crashing waves; the calls of gulls, bald eagles, and black oystercatchers; dramatic sunsets; the sheer vastness of the ocean and a myriad of other elements impress themselves upon you.
Scooping up a handful of sand, you discover that it is virtually impossible for you to count the shades of colors or to classify shapes, so varied are the grains. At low tide you can walk toward the surf stopping at tidepools along the way. If you squat down and spend some time just looking, you will be amazed at what you see as your eyes start ferreting out objects that look like rocks, but which in fact are small sea animals. Slowly extending your horizon, you may see some raccoons feeding on shellfish that are reachable now that the tide is out and the danger of the surf is withdrawn. You are likely to find the footprints of shore birds all over the beach, but you will also find those of bear, deer, raccoons, river otters, and a host of other creatures.
The sheer quantity of flotsam and jetsam cast upon the beach is astonishing. Probably the most exotic are the glass floats that Japanese fishermen use to support their nets. It takes the ocean currents about one year to carry the floats across the Pacific to the Washington coast. Among the debris cast upon the shores are huge trees felled from inland stream bank sites by rushing rivers and washed out to sea. They are repeatedly thrown and banged against sand and rock. Limbs are removed and trunks are sanded smooth by the action of the waves. Finally a great storm may toss them high on the beach to join many others.
The Olympic coast is a wild place, a place for endless exploration.
Superlatives about the trees abound, for several specimens reach record sizes. In some locations, the forest canopy is so thick that falling snow is caught in the trees and never reaches the ground.
There are four basic types of forests on the Olympic peninsula:
- temperate rain forest
- lowland
- montane, and
- subalpine.
The lowland forest grows further inland from the coast, and above the rain forest valleys. You will not find Sitka spruce here, but you may see grand fir. Western hemlock will probably be the most common tree, although stands of Douglas-fir may prevail where fire or drier conditions caused by the rain shadow give these trees an advantage. Western redcedar is never an abundant tree, but its gradual disappearance is a true indicator that the upper limits of this zone have been reached.
Gradually the lowland forest gives way to the montane forest. Unless you are an expert you may have difficulty recognizing when the change occurs. If silver fir is present you know that you have moved into the montane zone, but in drier parts of the park, the montane zone may look much like the lowland forest, with the exception that the western redcedar will no longer be present.
As elevation increases, temperatures cool and more moisture falls as snow; growing seasons get shorter and the subalpine zone takes over. Silver fir grows here as well as in the montane zone, and in the western portion of the park may be prevalent. The presence of subalpine fir, mountain hemlock, or Alaska cedar groves assure you that this is the subalpine zone. The lower portion of the subalpine zone consists of continuous forest, but in the upper part of this zone the forest thins out. Delightful alpine meadows graced with wildflowers and glacial lakes often intermingle with stands of firs. Subalpine fir is especially well adapted to the heavy snows and cold temperatures experienced here. Its spire-like shape sheds snow. It also extends its lower branches under the snow, often putting down roots from them where they touch the ground. When the snow melts the trees may be surrounded by skirt-like arrangements of longer, lower branches.
Increasing elevation causes even more severe climatic conditions. Trees become fewer, shorter, and more misshapen. Trees may be mere shadows of their cousins living lower down the mountain. Here a 100-year-old tree may be only three feet tall. Eventually tree line is reached, beyond which trees do not grow, but a profusion of wildflowers often rewards your eye in a vivid display that is an effective foil to the scenery below, now visible because the trees no longer block the view.
From seashore to mountaintop Olympic is blessed with an incredibly rich plant community created by varying environments.
The General park map handed out at the visitor center is available on the park's map webpage.For information about topographic maps, geologic maps, and geologic data sets, please see the geologic maps page.
A general photo album for this park can he found here. For information on other photo collections featuring National Park geology, please see the Image Sources page.
Currently, we do not have a listing for a park-specific geoscience book. The park's geology may be described in regional or state geology texts.
Please visit the Geology Books and Media webpage for additional sources such as text books, theme books, CD ROMs, and technical reports.
Parks and Plates: The Geology of Our National Parks, Monuments & Seashores.
Lillie, Robert J., 2005.
W.W. Norton and Company.
9" x 10.75", paperback, 550 pages, full color throughout
The spectacular geology in our national parks provides the answers to many questions about the Earth. The answers can be appreciated through plate tectonics, an exciting way to understand the ongoing natural processes that sculpt our landscape. Parks and Plates is a visual and scientific voyage of discovery!
Ordering from your National Park Cooperative Associations' bookstores helps to support programs in the parks. Please visit the bookstore locator for park books and much more.
For information about permits that are required for conducting geologic research activities in National Parks, see the Permits Information page.
The NPS maintains a searchable data base of research needs that have been identified by parks.
A bibliography of geologic references is being prepared for each park through the Geologic Resources Evaluation Program (GRE). Please see the GRE website for more information and contacts.
NPS Geology and Soils PartnersAssociation of American State Geologists
Geological Society of America
Natural Resource Conservation Service - Soils
U.S. Geological Survey
General information about the park's education and intrepretive programs is available on the park's education webpage.
- Olympic Hands on the Land Activity


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Tommy Chong visits Pueblo pot shop
PUEBLO, Colo. - Throngs of legal pot proponents are flocking to Colorado marijuana shops, including some who are famous. We got a chance to talk with Tommy Chong about Colorado's new law.
On the fourth day of legalization there was still a huge demand.
There were long lines at Marisol Therapeutics, a Pueblo County pot shop. Customers braved the snow to get there, many of them are from out of state.
"I personally have been waiting for this day since 1959," said one man waiting in line.
But you may recognize one of them.
"I just had a feeling that this would be a good place to do, on the first or second day of legalization. its a very historic site. if there's a war on drugs, we won," said Tommy Chong.
Chong is well known for his Cheech & Chong movies, his character on That '70s Show, and for his strong pro-marijuana beliefs.
Chong explains, "Everything I stood for everything I went to jail for everything I believed in, and the means of my existence is all based around marijuana. It was no reason to put anyone in jail. That's what's been solved that's what has been healed here."
Chong says the newly legalized drug has also helped him heal.
"I was diagnosed with cancer two years ago. I went to the doctors then they put me on drugs. I took a massive dose of hash oil and now I'm as healthy as the day I was born. No cancer," says Chong.
Chong adds, he doesn't think he's the only one who will benefit from legalization.
"All they did on the first, second and third day was make money. No riots, no fighting, nothing but love and money. And with that money coming back into help schools, help roads, help infrastructure. We started a whole new way of life now. It's going to spread throughout the world," says Chong.


text:
The Succubus' Sub – Session Eight: The Bond Between by John Dylena
Tale Post Countdown
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- 2016: A Review of Ethereal Like Me by Tressa Messenger — Ethereal Like Me by Tressa Messenger The creation of a book series can be complicated in many ways. One of these [...]
- 2016: A Review of Sex Fiends by Linc Jericho — Sex Fiends by Linc Jericho I came across a new book series called the Writ of the Succubus which, at least in [...]
- 2015: A Review of Dentata by Layla Hart — Dentata by Layla Hart One of the themes that comes up fairly often with stories about succubi is erotic horror. Personally [...]
- 2015: A Review of Opus Covetas: Succubus Summons by Branford Hubbard — Opus Covetas: Succubus Summons by Branford Hubbard Dialog is one of the most difficult things to be able to write. If [...]
- 2014: Succubi Image of the Week 332 — Mystery is a part of Succubi I believe. There is a certain part of what makes them Succubi that is [...]
- 2013: A Demon Girl Costume that isn't so hot… — So, what is the definition of "hot" anyway? To me, it means that a costume makes you look good, feel [...]
- 2012: Desires 30 — Mindsets are hard to overcome… But the Succubi Queen tries at least to… ________________ Desires – Truths By MZ and Tera S Part Eighteen Tera caught [...]
- 2011: A Review of Slave To Her Desires by Jill Myles — One of the series that I like very much is the Succubus Diaries series by Jill Myles. As part of [...]
- 2010: Succubus Art Colouring — I came across this work in progress YouTube today, which is the work of an artist who calls themselves iDownloadArt. [...]
- 2009: One Hundred Thousand Succubi Tail Strokes… — Sometime overnight, A Succubi's Tale was viewed its 100,000th time… The Tale is about one and a half years young now, [...]
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We are new beekeepers and have a single TBH. We installed a swarm in April and they are going really well but all brood combs so far, no honey only. They had about six bars left to fill at the end.
Yesterday, I could hear bees when I was outside and looked around. There were a lot flying around the top of the house. Hm. I called a local beekeeper to ask him if this was swarming (rather than one massive orientation flight). He wasn't sure. By the time I was done talking, the activity was gone, so I looked around at the trees around the house to see if I found find a cluster of bees. I did not.
Today there was a flurry in roughly the same spot (maybe 30 feet away from the hive). This time I watched them fly all over the backyard and then settle into a pine about 40/45 ft up. Well out of reach, alas. I even called someone advertising to catch swarms but it was too high for him.
Hm. So we hastily assembled a nuc, pulled some plastic out of a frame, pulled some dark brood comb out of the TBH, cut and rubber banded it into the frame. A few drops of lemongrass oil in the nuc and set it all on top of the house, about 25 feet below the cluster of bees.
I figured chances are the cluster will ignore it and move on, but maybe their scouts will come down and take a look. I'm not sure how often clusters fly off to a new spot? Or do they stay put until the scouts have made a report?
They've been up there about five hours now at least. I'm not sure what yesterday's activity was, same bees or a DIFFERENT swarm.
We did inspect the TBH as well, found six or so queen cells and three uncapped. Lots of brood, no honey only combs (one with nectar, but not capped), lots of bees left in the hive. No uncapped larvae, didn't see eggs. Should we do anything with the capped cells? Leave them be? Let the bees sort it out?
It's a learning experience. Wish the bees had landed lower!


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Almost 40% of Chicago's Public School Teachers Send their Kids Elsewhere to Learn
posted at 2:31 pm on September 15, 2012 by Matt Vespa
The Chicago teachers' strike is an awkward dinner conversation between President Barack Obama and his former chief of staff Rahm Emanuel. Many of the policy prescriptions in the new Chicago teachers' contract designed to create more accountability are supported by the Obama administration.
As the Chicago teachers' strike continues, we've learned that they make $71-76,000 a year and they turned down a 16% pay increase, which amounts to $11,360. They work nine months out of the year, but say that this strike is benefits oriented. However, given that ABC World News didn't even air this story last Sunday and most of the media, with the exception of CBS, failing to mention the compensation statistics in their broadcast – suffice to say that the media will probably ignore the fact that almost 40% of Chicago's public school teachers send their kids to private schools.
I'm not against public education, but the fact that these teachers make enough to send their kids to private schools shows that Chicago's public teachers are aware of the serial failure within the system. Second, it shows that these teachers have zero confidence in their own respective school district. Why are the teachers going on strike? Aren't the contentious measures they're squabbling about aimed at enhancing accountability that will make their institutions of learning better for the students? It appears this strike, like most union strikes, are defined by these three words: give. me. more.
However, given the state of public education and that of Chicago, it's not alien for public school teachers to ship their kids to private institutions. According to The Washington Times in September of 2004, they quoted the Thomas B. Fordham Institute, which found that:
More than 1 in 5 public school teachers said their children attend private schools.
In Washington (28 percent), Baltimore (35 percent) and 16 other major cities, the figure is more than 1 in 4. In some cities, nearly half of the children of public school teachers have abandoned public schools.
In Philadelphia, 44 percent of the teachers put their children in private schools; in Cincinnati, 41 percent; Chicago, 39 percent; Rochester, N.Y., 38 percent. The same trends showed up in the San Francisco-Oakland area, where 34 percent of public school teachers chose private schools for their children; 33 percent in New York City and New Jersey suburbs; and 29 percent in Milwaukee and New Orleans.
John Stossel at Fox Business reiterated this point on September 11:
Union teachers know that many of their colleagues aren't great teachers. Only 12% of American students attend private schools, but, 39% of Chicago public school teachers send their children to private schools. Anti school-choice politicians are no less hypocritical: President Obama, Nancy Pelosi, Jesse Jackson, Hillary Clinton and Al Gore (to name just a few) all send or sent their children to private schools.
Now thousands of Chicago children are kept out of school. Your supermarkets and movie theaters aren't closed because of strikes. That's because private companies have competition. Government monopolies don't.
Moreover, for all the teachers' complaining, when will the media report that Chicago teachers instruct less than any other "large metro area" in the country according to Illinois Policy Institute?
This post was promoted from GreenRoom to HotAir.com.
To see the comments on the original post, look here.
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- 2004 Study: 39% of Chicago Teachers Send Their Kids to Private Schools - Hit & Run : Reason.com
- Why are teachers striking in Chicago? – YouTube
- Updated: Pension System is Broke! 2004 Study: 39% of Chicago Teachers Send Their Kids to Private Schools | Libertarios of America
- News London Ontario / Online Alternative Newspaper | Public Schools, Private Hell (Teachers in Southern Ontario are the SAME ANIMAL)
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- biligt Ishockey Toppar försäljning
- prediksi bola liga spanyol


text:
Sponsored Tingles: Claudia Shoe Lust
Our Band-Aid Celebrity Shoe Lust feature continues - the best shoes worn so far this year. Killer stacks. Likely killer pain. Heels. Straps. Toe pinch. Whatever. But does it really matter when you look like Salma did on the Puss in Boots carpet? OK maybe it does after a couple of hours. But that's what BAND-AID® Brand Blister Cushions are for.
If you missed the previous features, we started with Gwyneth at the Grammys in her Christian Louboutin Colourblock Booties and then moved to Salma in Cannes in her red(ish) Gucci heels.
This week my pick is Claudia Schiffer in tall suede boots last month grabbing coffee after the school run in London. The school run. Yes. Just, let me throw on these $1,000-plus boots and drop off my kids and get a cafe latte and be perfect and wear them the way they were intended to be worn while January Jones may or may not be pregnant with my husband's baby. Put it this way – those boots would come up to my chin.
Claudia has been focused on her family for the last few years but did recently launch a luxury clothing line for autumn/winter 2011. She did some acting towards the end of her modelling career, last appearing in Love Actually in 2003, and has appeared on a record 900+ magazine covers during her modelling career. But if all that's not enough to impress you, Karl prefers her over Heidi Klum, because Heidi never went to Paris. So, you know, there's that.
Sponsored by BAND-AID® Brand Advanced Healing Blister Cushions. BAND-AID® Brand Blister Cushions instantly relieve pain, and the superior adhesive keeps it in place – so you can wear the shoes you love, without a blister getting in the way. Stay in style, without the pain.
Photos from Wenn.com
*celebrity names/images are used for editorial purposes only and have no association with the products featured in this advertorial


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Tesla: The Bulls State Their Case
On Oct. 8, I wrote about why value investors are bearish on Tesla (TSLA). Today, it's time for the bulls to make their case.
I fall back on a report released yesterday by Morgan Stanley, which directly addressed the haters. Analyst Adam Jonas and team write:
Most investors we speak with believe TSLA shares are significantly overvalued. We fall back to the dialogue we honed during the Porsche-VW saga of 2008. We ask 'What's your edge'? We typically get 3 categories of responses: (1) 'My edge is valuation'; (2) 'My edge is I'm new to the story and have a patient capital base that can afford to get it wrong for a very long time; and (3) 'I have no edge, but believe this is a momentum stock that must execute perfectly to keep working and they probably don't.'
Perhaps predictably, Jonas argues that Tesla can't be valued by traditional auto-metrics. He writes:
We argue Tesla cannot be valued on near-term multiple metrics like traditional auto companies given that we expect Tesla to multiply revenues by more than 10x from 2012 to 2016 by nearly 30x by 2020 and around 60x by 2027. We have thus chosen a 15-year time horizon for our DCF which captures the full maturation of the Model S, Model X (and top-hat derivatives) and also the ramp up of its mass market electric vehicle (the Gen 3). We have applied a 11% WACC with a range of 9% to 13%. The terminal value, calculated on a midpoint of 10x EV/EBITDA accounts for roughly 50% of the total DCF value across the range of methodologies we have applied to arrive at our $149 PT.
While that is still lower than Tesla's current price--it closed at $168.78 yesterday--it's not too far off.
Jonas also addressed other recent hot topics including the number of cars sold reflected in the current price--300,000--the lack of competition from other automakers--its not in the best interest of legacy car makers to have a successful electric car--and even whether BMW is a threat--the short answer is no.
The only thing that would "trip up" the Tesla story would be if its third-generation car gets described as "'spunky' and 'a spirited ride... but ultimately the 2017 BMW 3 Series is the better car,'" Jonas says.
Still, Tesla's big gain has some investors taking profits. Fidelity Management & Research, which owned 15,739676 shares of Tesla at the end of June, pared its stake in Tesla to 11,676,160 shares, according to an SEC filing. It currently owns 9.6% of the company.
Tesla has gained 2.1% to $172.27 today, while General Motors (GM) has gained 1.7% to $34.75, Ford Motor (F) has risen 2.2% to $16.98 and Toyota Motor (TM) has advanced 2% to $130.69.


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CBS poll shows even split for marijuana legalization
posted at 11:21 am on November 30, 2012 by Ed Morrissey
Has America become more libertarian on marijuana? A new poll from CBS shows that respondents split evenly on the question of legalization at 47% either way. It's the second year in a row that a majority for prohibition has failed to materialize, and the first time that it failed to get even a plurality:
For the first time since CBS News began asking the question, as many Americans now think marijuana use should be legal as think it should not.
Support for legalizing marijuana inched up slightly from 45 percent in September to 47 percent today, according to a CBS News poll, conducted Nov. 16-19. Another 47 percent think it should remain prohibited. A year ago, a slight majority of Americans, 51 percent, opposed legalizing marijuana use.
This shift in public opinion was seen at the ballot box this month, when Colorado and Washington became the first states in the nation to approve of recreational marijuana use among adults over the age of 21. Marijuana use of any kind, however, is still illegal under federal law. It's unclear at this point how the Obama administration intends to respond.
The poll shows a significant partisan split on the issue. Majorities of Democrats and independents favor legalization, but at 51% and 55% respectively, those majorities are not as significant as one might think. However, two-thirds of Republicans still believe it should be prohibited.
The age demos are more telling on this point. Majorities of age demos below 45 believe in legalization — although again, perhaps not as significantly as one would guess. The 18-29YO demo favors legalization by only 13 points, 54/41, while 30-44YOs favor it by almost the same amount, 53/42. The middle-aged demo, of which I'm a member, is almost evenly split at 46/48, but seniors deeply oppose legalization at 30/61.
The numbers are much different for doctor-prescribed marijuana, though:
Eighty-three percent of Americans favor allowing doctors to prescribe small amounts of marijuana for patients suffering from serious illnesses, the poll shows – up from 77 percent a year ago and 62 percent back in 1997. A majority of Americans of all ages – as well as most Republicans, Democrats, and independents – favor allowing this.
The CBS poll doesn't include age demos on this question; it would be interesting to see how that splits out. Also interesting is the impression people have about doctor-prescribed marijuana. Only 29% think doctors mainly prescribe it for "serious medical illness," while 53% believe doctors prescribe it for "other reasons." If so, I wonder why so many back prescription pot but not full legalization. Perhaps they see it as a stimulus plan for primary-care physicians; they'll need one under ObamaCare, to be sure.
Earlier this week, I featured Steven Crowder's look at marijuana in our Green Room, and it got over 120 comments the last time I looked, and it's worth another look on this post. Steven argues that there is a valid argument for getting the federal government out of marijuana prohibition, but rebuts the argument that pot is harmless or less harmful than alcohol – as well as provides an entertaining bit of vox populi from Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Update: Scott Rasmussen wrote about legalization two weeks ago, noting that support for it increases when people understand that access will come with significant regulatory oversight:
When we ask Americans simply whether they favor legalization of marijuana, 45 percent say yes and 45 percent say no.
But when we ask about legalizing and regulating marijuana in a similar manner to the way alcohol and cigarettes are regulated, support for legalization increases to 56 percent. Only 36 percent remain opposed.
Most support regulations that would make it illegal for those under 18 to purchase pot, insure that those who drive under the influence would receive strict penalties and favor a ban on smoking marijuana in public places.
Fifty-eight percent support a requirement that marijuana could be purchased only in pharmacies. A plurality thinks that would cut the income of those who continue to sell drugs illegally.
Perhaps the impulse here isn't entirely libertarian.
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text: Rob Ryan did a yeoman's job this year. After being less than impressed a year ago, I have to give him some credit. He patched the end of the season together with guy's he met about 10 minutes before kickoff. But I think he has to go, and for no real fault of his own. This team has two major issues before it can take the final step. It has to shore up the offensive line and find a pass rush. Everything else is pretty much in place except for a player or two. The offensive line can only be fixed in the draft and free agency. And money is at a premium, so emphasis on the draft. However, the pass rush might be largely fixed simply with a change in scheme. For too long, we've tried to force 4-3 players to play the 3-4. It's not working. Nose tackle remains a problem, and we don't have true 3-4 ends that can hold up against the run and get pressure on the QB. We have our best pass rushers dropping into coverage far too often. And when we do play a 4-3 on 3rd-and-long, Ryan plays it more like a 2-5 with Ware and Spencer upright and roaming around. Looks cool, doesn't work. Ware and Spencer need to have their hand on the ground every down as defensive ends. Lissimore can play the off tackle really well, as can Ratliff if he's restructured. Then, Spears, Coleman, Crawford, etc, can handle the nose position better with help inside. Lee plays the middle linebacker spot, with Carter on the outside with Albright, Butler, or whoever the best left is. Bingo, the pass rush is already better than before. Maybe Lovie Smith or a Mike Zimmer disciple will come in to coach it up. But that leaves Rob Ryan looking in from the outside. He's just not a 4-3 guy, and to date, he's still never had his defense in the playoffs. Telling.


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Sans titreMaisonneuve, Pascal-Désir
Sans titre, between 1927 and 1928
sculpture of varied seashells
21.5 x 19 x 20 cm
© photo credit
Collection de l'Art Brut, Lausanne
Maisonneuve, Pascal-Désir (1863-1934), France
Pascal-Désir Maisonneuve was born in Bordeaux, France. A mosaicist by training, he reconstructed Gallo-Roman mosaics and adorned several chateaux in the surrounding area with his works. But his real passion lay in discovering unusual objects and works of art from every period that he would display in his shop in Bordeaux. However, this atypical secondhand dealer could not bear to part with a single piece from his collection.
Known for his recalcitrant spirit, he showed his anarchistic and anticlerical sentiments in the most comical ways. At the age of 64, between 1927 and 1928, in a spirit of derision, he made effigies of monarchs and political personages from shells assembled with plaster.
Exhibition(s) at the Art Brut Collection


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you mean we should take a knee at the end of the game rather than score and take it over 20 point advantage
Don't worry Tom only believes in beating Don Shula by more than 62 points........he's not one to un-necessarily step on an opponent
Especially as we will see you again in 4 years LOL
Last edited by BParcells777; 10-10-2012 at 11:19 PM.
Football has been very, very good to us.
After losing seasons 2013-15, the giants put up 11 wins in 16.. they are on way Back
But for now we can console ourselves with this fact-
# of Super Bowl victories since 1985:
1-Chicago, St. Louis, Tampa Bay, Indianapolis, New Orleans, Seattle
2-Washington, Green Bay, Pittsburgh, Baltimore
3-San Francisco, Dallas, Denver
4-New York Giants!!!
Let's make it 5 in 2016 so we can be on a LINE NE again!!!
***Stat provided by "Schloss22"***
I would elaborate on some upgrades at certain positions to make the giants more competitive, however the giants HOMERS will not agree and begin defending players who hasn't don't nothing as a starter. But you know what, loosing is a good thing because it forces changes sometimes LOL. For example, DD is no longer playing tackle. I'm surprised most of you fans agreed before the giants did lol.
As a Niner fan there is absolutely no way this is more than a 10 point win on either side. The Niners are playing extremely well right now but the Vikings game proved that a good running game and efficiency on third downs will do the trick against the 9ers. I haven't seen much of the Giants except the Cowboys game and the second half of the Bucs, so I'm really not sure what to make of them just yet....but to me it's still the same team that beat us in the NFCCG and beat the Pats.
Before I get going here, I am from NY and have a great deal of respect for the Giants. I am however a 9ers fan as I was a child of the 80s during their best years on top of my old man being a fan.
Onto the topic, the experto guy is was too doom and gloom, I don't see a blowout either way for this game. You know why? I am not blinded by my homerism like many of you and many 9ers fans. This is going to be an extremely good game to watch on both sides of the ball. Eli, contrary to what most non giants fan thinks, is a very very good QB. What some of you have gotten right is the fact that he can beat good defenses. What most of you are doing is underestimating the 9ers offense, sure they have played some bad defenses but other teams have too and arn't putting up 35-45 points. Even if you play a bad team you still have to execute, which the 9ers are doing very well, and the giants defense isn't playing their best ball, you guys save that for your end of the year runs. This is just another dumb thread like I see on the 9ers boards way too often. I wish good luck to both teams and hope both can get through with no injuries.
Side note: the whole nfcg thing, giants won fair and square, 9ers had plenty of opportunities to win that game but could not convert, the only gift wrapped turnover was the first kyle williams no contact fumble which did lead to a td...but that td came on 3rd and 15 so it should have been stopped but eli made a nice throw to manningham, granted it was on brock who was only in due to browns injury but still, a huge play none the less. I am tired of hearing complaints as I am sure giants fan are. With all that said, new season, cannot wait for Sunday. Watching it with several Giants fans as that is what I am surrounded by.


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Web app attacks and using web shells
http://www.phx2600.org/archive/2009/08/ ... -by-evil1/
Yessir, I busted my ass hump to pump out another paper. 40 pages of ownage, awesome, and win.
Download it here.
The paper covers web shells in PHP, ASP, JSP, Coldfusion, and Perl as well as hacking techniques for auditing each language (brief, but to the point).
If you have any questions about the paper, email me. Contact info on the site / in the paper.


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The Arkansas Institute for Performance Excellence recognized
The Arkansas Institute for Performance Excellence, formerly Arkansas Quality Award, was developed to provide opportunities for all organizations in the state to measure their progress in the journey of performance excellence. The award is to be used by businesses, government agencies, schools, churches and all kinds of organizations in improving quality, productivity and financial effectiveness.
The process was developed by a team of volunteers with a variety of backgrounds and employers. The Arkansas process, which is based on the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, combines the advantages of using the most current, comprehensive and widely accepted criteria available to assess progress toward long-term improvement of organizations in a process that uses a four-step award program.
Pulaski Technical College


text:
BioCore® Enhanced Enzymes™ from Protocol for Life Balance® is a comprehensive blend of enzymes that are entirely vegetarian and power-packed to help you absorb food better.
Enzymes are active proteins that are essential in numerous body functions. Every cell in our body depends on enzymes. As we age the production of enzymes in our body diminishes. This leads to poor absorption and assimilation of food. The non-GMO fungal derived enzymes present in these capsules from Protocol for Life Balance® aid in the digestion of foods such as cruciferous vegetables and beans. The enzymes in this supplement are produced in a controlled laboratory environment by the Netherland Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO Nutrition and Food Research). These enzymes are effective throughout the entire pH range of the digestive system and designed not to be reduced by stomach acids.
Research shows that protease is an enzyme that may assist our body digest different proteins. Lipase on the other hand helps in breaking down fats to assist better digestion. Assist your body with enzymes for proper functioning with BioCore® Enhanced Enzymes™ - 90 Vegetarian Capsules from Protocol for Life Balance®.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These products are not meant to diagnose' treat or cure any disease or medical condition. Please consult your doctor before starting any exercise or nutritional supplement program or before using these or any product during pregnancy or if you have a serious medical condition.
Amount Per Serving:
BioCore Optimum™ 200 mg*
Amylase (from Aspergillus oryzae) 7'000 DU
Protease (from Aspergillus oryzae) 42'000 HUT
Protease (from Aspergillus oryzae) 8'000 PC
Protease (from Aspergillus oryzae) 4 AP
Protease (from Aspergillus niger) 100 SAPU
Glucoamylase (from Aspergillus niger) 10 AGU
Invertase (from Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 800 SU
Malt Diastase (from Hordeum vulgare) 3'000 DP
Lipase (from Candida rugosa' Aspergillus Niger and Rhizopus oryzae) 1'000 FIP
Alpha-galactosidase (from Aspergillus niger) 300 GalU*
Other ingredients: Rice Bran' Cellulose (capsule)' Maltodextrin and Silica.
As a dietary supplement' take 1-2 Vcaps® before each meal.
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Great digestive enzymes formula
BioCore Enchanced Enzymes by Protocol for Life Balance is power packed with digestive enzymes.
Great formula. Comes in capsules.
The price I used to take a similar formula that had 180 capsules for this price.
√ I would recommend this item to a friend.
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text:
Anonymous' mask
So on one hand Anonymous protest against capitalism and on the other hand we have one of the most important company in media : Time Warner.
Indeed, Time Warner has the image rights for "V" so for every single mask sold they have royalty and earn a lot of money as the selling has increased by 179% on Amazon...
So even if Anonymous protest they keep on giving money to a leading company.
So tonight, which mask are you going to wear for Halloween ?


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Posted by Jonathan Maus (Publisher/Editor) on February 4th, 2010 at 1:01 pm
Posted by Jonathan Maus (Publisher/Editor) on February 4th, 2010 at 1:01 pm
NOTE: We love your comments and work hard to ensure they are productive, considerate, and welcoming of all perspectives. Disagreements are encouraged, but only if done with tact and respect. If you see a mean or inappropriate comment, please contact us and we'll take a look at it right away. Thank you — Jonathan
Better bus service can literally save the Gorge.
Start summer with a new job.
The PBA is fighting with themselves, and with progress.
It's a piece of a future neighborhood greenway.
Use your bike to learn the history of Vanport on Monday.
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