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Low Back Pain (Holistic)Skip to the navigation
About This Condition
Take care of your back
Practice good workplace and lifestyle habits, such as lifting and standing properly; learn proper exercises to reduce low back pain from a qualified instructor
Consider seeing a chiropractor
A qualified practitioner may be able to help correct spinal problems that contribute to back pain and disability
Get a checkup
See your healthcare provider to make sure your symptoms are not related to a medical problem
About This Condition
The low back supports most of the body's weight, and as a result, is susceptible to pain caused by injury or other problems. Over 80% of adults experience low back pain (LBP) sometime during their life.1 More than half will have a repeat episode.
It is often difficult to pinpoint the root of low back pain, though poor muscle tone, joint problems, and torn muscles or ligaments are common causes. A herniated or slipped disc may also cause low back pain as well as sciatica, a condition where pain travels down one or both buttocks and/or legs.
Standing or sitting for extended periods, wearing high heels, and being sedentary increase the risk of developing low back pain, as do obesity and back strain due to improper lifting. Up to half of pregnant women experience some low back pain.2 Long hours spent driving a car may contribute to a herniated disc.3 This is possibly due to the vibration caused by the car.4
Many people with low back pain recover without seeing a doctor or receiving treatment. Up to 90% recuperate within three to four weeks,5 though recurrences are common,6 , 7 , 8 and chronic low back pain develops in many people.9 Low back pain is considered acute, or short-term, when it lasts for a few days up to many weeks. Chronic low back pain refers to any episode that lasts longer than three months.
While low back pain is rarely life threatening, it is still important to have chronic or recurring back pain assessed by a healthcare professional. Potentially serious causes include spinal tumor, infection , fracture, nerve damage, osteoporosis , arthritis, or pain caused by conditions found in internal organs such as the kidneys.
Low back pain may be a steady ache or a sharp, acute pain that is worse with movement.
Healthy Lifestyle Tips
A review of clinical trials concluded that treating low back pain with spinal manipulation (chiropractic or osteopathic treatment) is as effective as, or more effective than, other common approaches, such as physical therapy, medication, and exercise.10 , 11 , 12
Preliminary data indicate that smoking may contribute to low back pain.13 One survey of over 29,000 people reported a significant association between smoking and low back pain.14 Smaller people (children, women, those who weigh less) are most affected. A study involving people with herniated discs found that both current and ex-smokers are at much higher risk of developing disc disease than nonsmokers.15 Other research reveals 18% greater disc degeneration in the lower spines of smokers compared with nonsmokers.16 Smoking is thought to cause malnutrition of spinal discs, which in turn makes them more vulnerable to mechanical stress.17
One survey reported that people who drank wine healed more quickly after disc surgery in the lower back than those who abstained.18 However, alcohol consumption may cause cirrhosis of the liver , cancer, high blood pressure , and alcoholism . As a result, many doctors never recommend alcohol even though moderate consumption has been linked to some health benefits. For those deciding whether light drinking might help with recovery from disc surgery, it is best to consult a doctor.
Regular exercise and proper lifting techniques help prevent low back problems from developing. Proper lifting involves keeping an object close to the body and avoiding bending forwarding, reaching, and twisting while lifting. Low back pain and disc degeneration are both more likely to develop among sedentary people than those who are physically active.19 However, long-term participation in some competitive sports may contribute to spinal disc degeneration.20
Therapeutic exercise helps people recover from low back pain21 and low back surgery.22 Less clear are details about how this should be done for greatest benefit. In other words, the best type of exercise, frequency, duration, and timing of a program still need to be determined. One study reported therapeutic exercise significantly improved chronic low back pain compared to exercise performed at home without professional guidance.23 Another trial discovered that women with chronic low back pain who began supervised back strengthening exercises at a fitness center were more consistent exercisers than those who started and continued therapeutic exercises at home.24 Both groups experienced significant improvement in pain. However, the supervised group experienced better long-term improvement.
While heavy lifting and other strenuous labor may contribute to low back pain, one trial found that people with sedentary jobs gained more benefit from an exercise program than those who have physically hard or moderate occupations.25 Motivational programs may also improve exercise consistency, which in turn decreases pain and disability.26 People with low back pain who wish to embark on an exercise program should first consult with a physical therapist or other practitioner skilled in this area.
Supervised bed rest, for two to four days, coupled with appropriate physical therapy and therapeutic exercise, is often recommended by medical doctors for acute low back pain.27 However, reviews of bed rest recommendations have concluded that bed rest is, at best, ineffective and may even delay recovery.28 , 29 It is better to try to stay active and maintain a normal daily schedule as much as possible.
General recommendations for people recuperating from low back pain include wearing low-heeled comfortable shoes, sitting in chairs with good lower back support, using work surfaces that are a comfortable height, resting one foot on a low stool if standing for long periods, and supporting the low back during long periods of driving.30
Holistic Options
Acupuncture may be helpful in the treatment of low back pain in some people. Case reports31 , 32 and numerous preliminary trials33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 have described significant improvement in both acute and chronic back pain following acupuncture (or acupuncture with electrical stimulation) treatment. In a single controlled study of acute back pain, both electroacupuncture and drug therapy ( acetaminophen ) led to statistically significant pain reduction and improved mobility.40
Several controlled clinical trials have evaluated acupuncture for chronic low back pain. A controlled trial found acupuncture was significantly superior to placebo (fake electrical stimulation through the skin) in four of five measures of pain and physical signs.41 Controlled trials using electroacupuncture have reported either benefit42 or no benefit43 for chronic back pain. A double-blind trial compared acupuncture to injections of anesthetic just below the skin at non-acupuncture points, and found no difference in effect between the two treatments.44 Controlled trials have compared acupuncture to transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS). Some,45 , 46 though not all,47 demonstrated greater pain relief with acupuncture when compared to TENS, and one found improved spinal mobility only with acupuncture.48
In one preliminary trial, acupuncture relieved pain and diminished disability in the low back during pregnancy better than physiotherapy.49
A recent analysis and review of studies reported acupuncture was effective for low back pain,50 though another recent review concluded acupuncture could not be recommended due to the poor quality of the research.51 A third review concluded that acupuncture was beneficial for people with slipped discs and sciatica and could be recommended at the very least as a supplementary therapy.52 Since the vast majority of controlled acupuncture research addresses chronic low back pain, it remains unknown whether people with acute low back pain benefit significantly from acupuncture.53
The federally funded Agency for Health Care Policy and Research has deemed spinal manipulation effective for acute low back pain during the first month following injury.54 This recommendation is supported by other research, though some has not been well controlled.55 , 56 People whose initial pain or disability is severe to moderate appear to benefit the most, though those with longer lasting or chronic pain may also be helped by spinal manipulation.57 , 58 One 12-month controlled study found no difference in benefit between manipulation and standard physical therapy.59 Another controlled study found a series of eight treatments with spinal manipulation was as effective as conventional medical therapy, but the manipulation group needed less pain medication and physical therapy.60 Practitioners who perform spinal manipulation include chiropractors, some osteopaths, and some physical therapists.
Some researchers suggest that spinal manipulation should not be performed on people with a herniated (slipped) disc, because it may lead to spinal cord injuries.61 However, other preliminary trials report that spinal manipulation helps those with herniated discs,62 , 63 , 64 , 65 as did one controlled study comparing manipulation to standard physical therapy.66 In one investigation of 59 people with slipped discs who received chiropractic treatment, including manipulation, 90% reported improvement.67 Those with a history of low back surgery had poor outcomes. People with LBP due to herniated discs who wish to try this method should first consult with a chiropractor or other physician skilled in spinal manipulation. A recent controlled study compared manipulation, acupuncture, and medication for chronic spinal pain. Only manipulation significantly improved pain and disability scores.68
There is inconclusive evidence that massage alone helps people with low back pain, though preliminary research indicates it has potential.69 Many practitioners use massage in combination with other physical therapies, such as spinal manipulation or therapeutic exercise. People with low back pain who want to try massage should consult with a qualified massage therapist.
Some controlled trials indicate that biofeedback benefits people with chronic low back pain,70 , 71 but other trials do not.72 , 73 One study found that biofeedback was more effective than behavioral therapy or conservative medical treatment for people with chronic back pain. The study also found biofeedback to be the only method where people experienced significant reduction in pain for up to the two years of follow-up.74 People wishing to try biofeedback should discuss this method with a qualified practitioner.
Emotional distress has been associated with aggravating low back pain,75 including that caused by a herniated disc.76 The effects on back pain of counseling aimed at reducing emotional stress remain unknown, though it is used in some clinics employing multidisciplinary approaches to treating chronic lower back pain.
Our proprietary "Star-Rating" system was developed to help you easily understand the amount of scientific support behind each supplement in relation to a specific health condition. While there is no way to predict whether a vitamin, mineral, or herb will successfully treat or prevent associated health conditions, our unique ratings tell you how well these supplements are understood by some in the medical community, and whether studies have found them to be effective for other people.
For over a decade, our team has combed through thousands of research articles published in reputable journals. To help you make educated decisions, and to better understand controversial or confusing supplements, our medical experts have digested the science into these three easy-to-follow ratings. We hope this provides you with a helpful resource to make informed decisions towards your health and well-being.
3 Stars Reliable and relatively consistent scientific data showing a substantial health benefit.
2 Stars Contradictory, insufficient, or preliminary studies suggesting a health benefit or minimal health benefit.
1 Star For an herb, supported by traditional use but minimal or no scientific evidence. For a supplement, little scientific support.
3 Stars
Chymotrypsin and Trypsin
4 to 8 tablets a day of proteolytic enzymes containing trypsin and chymotrypsin, and/or bromelain
Supplementing with a combination of the enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin may improve low back pain.
Three double-blind trials have investigated the effects of supplementing a combination of the enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin for seven to ten days on severe low back pain with or without accompanying leg pain. Eight tablets per day were given initially in all trials, but in two trials the number of pills was reduced to four per day after two to three days. One of these trials reported small, though statistically significant improvements, for some measures in people with degenerative arthritis of the lower spine.77 People with sciatica-type leg pain had significant improvement in several measures in one trial,78 while another found the enzymes were not much more effective than a placebo.79 These trials included chronic low back conditions, so their relevance to acute LBP alone may be limited.
2 Stars
1,500 to 2,500 mg per day of DL-Phenylalanine
Several studies suggest that a synthetic version of phenylalanine called D-phenylalaline, may reduce pain by decreasing the enzyme that breaks down endorphins.
Several animal studies and some research involving humans suggest that a synthetic version of the natural amino acid phenylalanine called D-phenylalaline (DPA), reduces pain by decreasing the enzyme that breaks down endorphins.80 It is less clear whether DPA may help people with LBP, though there are a small number of reports to that effect,81 including one uncontrolled report of 27 of 37 people with LBP experiencing "good to excellent relief."82 In a double-blind trial, University of Texas researchers found that 250 mg of DPA four times per day for four weeks was no more effective than placebo for 30 people with various types of chronic pain; 13 of these people had low back pain.83 In a Japanese clinical trial, 4 grams of DPA per day was given to people with chronic low back pain half an hour before they received acupuncture .84 Although not statistically significant, the results were good or excellent for 18 of the 30. The most common supplemental form of phenylalanine is D,L-phenylalanine (DLPA). Doctors typically recommend 1,500-2,500 mg per day of DLPA.
2 Stars
Vitamin B1, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12
Take under medical supervision: 50 to 100 mg each of vitamins B1 and B6, and 250 to 500 mcg of vitamin B12, all taken three times per day
A combination of vitamin B1, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 may prevent a common type of back pain linked to vertebral syndromes and may reduce the need for anti-inflammatory medications.
A combination of vitamin B1 , vitamin B6 , and vitamin B12 has proved useful for preventing a relapse of a common type of back pain linked to vertebral syndromes,85 as well as reducing the amount of anti-inflammatory medications needed to control back pain, according to double-blind trials.86 Typical amounts used have been 50-100 mg each of vitamins B1 and B6, and 250-500 mcg of vitamin B12, all taken three times per day.87 , 88 Such high amounts of vitamin B6 require supervision by a doctor.
2 Stars
Vitamin D
Refer to label instructions
In people with muscle pain associated with vitamin D deficiency, supplementing with the vitamin may improve pain.
Some studies have found that vitamin D levels are lower in people with back pain than in healthy people.89 , 90 In patients with muscle pain associated with vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D supplementation has resulted in improvement in the pain.91
2 Stars
White Willow
Take an extract supplying 240 mg of salicin daily
Willow bark is traditionally used for pain and conditions of inflammation. According to one study, taking high amounts of willow bark extract may help people with low back pain.
Willow bark is traditionally used for pain and conditions of inflammation. According to one controlled clinical trial, use of high amounts of willow bark extract may help people with low back pain. One trial found 240 mg of salicin from a willow extract to be more effective than 120 mg of salicin or a placebo for treating exacerbations of low back pain.92
1 Star
4 to 8 tablets a day of proteolytic enzymes containing trypsin and chymotrypsin, and/or bromelain
Several trials have reported reduced pain and swelling, and/or faster healing in people with a variety of conditions who use bromelain.
Proteolytic enzymes , including bromelain , papain, trypsin, and chymotrypsin, may be helpful in healing minor injuries because they have anti-inflammatory activity and are capable of being absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.93 , 94 , 95 Several preliminary trials have reported reduced pain and swelling, and/or faster healing in people with a variety of conditions who use either bromelain96 , 97 , 98 or papain.99 , 100 , 101
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Topical cayenne pepper has been used for centuries to reduce pain and to diminish localized pain for a number of conditions.
Topical cayenne pepper has been used for centuries to reduce pain , and more recently, to diminish localized pain for a number of conditions,102 including chronic pain,103 although low back pain has not been specifically investigated. Cayenne creams typically contain 0.025-0.075% capsaicin.104 While cayenne cream causes a burning sensation the first few times used, this decreases with each application. Pain relief is also enhanced with use as substance P, the compound that induces pain, is depleted.105 To avoid contamination of the mouth, nose, or eyes, hands should be thoroughly washed after use or gloves should be worn. Do not apply cayenne cream to broken skin.
1 Star
Devil's Claw
Refer to label instructions
One trial found that devil's claw capsules were helpful in reducing acute low back pain in some people.
One double-blind trial found that devil's claw capsules (containing 800 mg of a concentrated extract taken three times per day) were helpful in reducing acute low back pain in some people.106 Another double-blind trial (using 200 mg or 400 mg of devil's claw extract three times daily) achieved similar results in some people with exacerbations of chronic low back pain.107
Herbalists often use ginger to decrease inflammation and the pain associated with it, including for those with low back pain. They typically suggest 1.5 to 3 ml of ginger tincture three times per day, or 2 to 4 grams of the dried root powder two to three times per day. Some products contain a combination of curcumin and ginger. However, no research has investigated the effects of these herbs on low back pain.
1 Star
Eucalyptus Topical
Refer to label instructions
A combination of eucalyptus and peppermint oil applied directly to a painful area may help by decreasing pain and increasing blood flow to afflicted regions.
A combination of eucalyptus and peppermint oil applied directly to a painful area may help. Preliminary research indicates that the counter-irritant quality of these essential oils may decrease pain and increase blood flow to afflicted regions.108 Peppermint and eucalyptus, diluted in an oil base, are usually applied several times per day, or as needed, to control pain. Plant oils that may have similar properties are rosemary, juniper, and wintergreen.
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Herbalists often use ginger to decrease inflammation and the pain associated with it, including for those with low back pain.
Herbalists often use ginger to decrease inflammation and the pain associated with it, including for those with low back pain. They typically suggest 1.5 to 3 ml of ginger tincture three times per day, or 2 to 4 grams of the dried root powder two to three times per day. Some products contain a combination of curcumin and ginger. However, no research has investigated the effects of these herbs on low back pain.
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Several trials have reported reduced pain and swelling, and/or faster healing in people with a variety of conditions who use papain.
Several preliminary trials have reported reduced pain and swelling, and/or faster healing in people with a variety of conditions using either bromelain,109 papain from papaya, 110 , 111 or a combination of trypsin and chymotrypsin.112 Double-blind trials have reported faster recovery from athletic injuries, including sprains and strains, and earlier return to activity using eight tablets daily of trypsin/chymotrypsin,113 , 114 , 115 , 116 four to eight tablets daily of papain,117 eight tablets of bromelain (single-blind only),118 or a combination of these enzymes.119 However, one double-blind trial using eight tablets per day of trypsin/chymotrypsin to treat sprained ankles found no significant effect on swelling, bruising , or overall function.120
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
A combination of eucalyptus and peppermint oil applied directly to a painful area may help by decreasing pain and increasing blood flow to afflicted regions.
A combination of eucalyptus and peppermint oil applied directly to a painful area may help. Preliminary research indicates that the counter-irritant quality of these essential oils may decrease pain and increase blood flow to afflicted regions.121 Peppermint and eucalyptus, diluted in an oil base, are usually applied several times per day, or as needed, to control pain. Plant oils that may have similar properties are rosemary, juniper, and wintergreen.
1 Star
Refer to label instructions
Turmeric is an herb known traditionally for its anti-inflammatory effects, a possible advantage for people suffering from low back pain.
Turmeric is another herb known traditionally for its anti-inflammatory effects, a possible advantage for people suffering from low back pain. Several preliminary studies confirm that curcumin, one active ingredient in turmeric, may decrease inflammation in both humans122 and animals.123 , 124 In one double-blind trial, a formula containing turmeric, other herbs, and zinc significantly diminished pain for people with osteoarthritis .125 Standardized extracts containing 400 to 600 mg of curcumin per tablet or capsule are typically taken three times per day. For tinctures of turmeric, 0.5 to 1.5 ml three times per day are the usual amount.
1 Star
Vitamin C
Refer to label instructions
A preliminary report suggested that vitamin C helped many people avoid surgery for their disc-related low back pain.
A preliminary report in 1964 suggested that 500-1,000 mg per day of vitamin C helped many people avoid surgery for their disc-related low back pain.126 No controlled research has been done to examine this claim further.
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71. Newton-John TR, Spence SH, Schotte D. Cognitive-behavioural therapy versus EMG biofeedback in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Behav Res Ther 1995;33:691-7.
72. Bush C, Ditto B, Feuerstein M. A controlled evaluation of paraspinal EMG biofeedback in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Health Psychol 1985;4:307-21.
73. Stuckey SJ, Jacobs A, Goldfarb J. EMG biofeedback training, relaxation training, and placebo for the relief of chronic back pain. Percept Mot Skills 1986;63:1023-36.
74. Flor H, Birbaumer N. Comparison of the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and conservative medical interventions in the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain. J Consult Clin Psychol 1993;61:653-8.
75. Thomas E, Silman AJ, Croft PR, et al. Predicting who develops chronic low back pain in primary care: a prospective study. BMJ 1999;318:1662-7.
76. Heliovaara M, Knekt P, Aromaa A. Incidence and risk factors of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc or sciatica leading to hospitalization. J Chronic Dis 1987;40:251-8.
77. Hingorani K. Oral enzyme therapy in severe back pain. Br J Clin Pract 1968;22:209-10.
78. Gaspardy G, Balint G, Mitsuova M, et al. Treatment of sciatica due to intervertebral disc herniation with Chymoral tablets. Rheum Phys Med 1971;11:14-9.
79. Gibson T, Dilke TFW, Grahame R. Chymoral in the treatment of lumbar disc prolapse. Rheumatol Rehabil 1975;14:186-90.
80. Ehrenpreis S. Analgesic properties of enkephalinase inhibitors: animal and human studies. Prog Clin Biol Res 1985;192:363-70.
81. Balagot RC, Ehrenpreis S, Kubota K, Greenberg J. Analgesia in mice and humans by D-phenylalanine: Relation to inhibition of enkephalin degradation and enkephalin levels. In: Bonica JJ, Liebeskind JC, Albe-Fessard DG, eds., Advances in Pain Research and Therapy, Vol 5. New York: Raven Press, 1983, 289-93.
82. Gaby AR. Editor's Corner. Northwest Acad Prev Med 1983;July:3, 5, 8.
83. Walsh NE, Ramamurthy S, Schoenfeld LS, Hoffman J. Analgesic effectiveness of D-phenylalanine in chronic pain patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1986;67:436-9.
84. Kitade T, Odahara Y, Shinohara S, et al. Studies on the enhanced effect of acupuncture analgesia and acupuncture anesthesia bu D-phenylalanine (2nd report)-schedule of administration and clinical effects in low back pain and tooth extraction. Acupunct Electrother Res 1990;15:121-35.
85. Schwieger G, Karl H, Schonhaber E. Relapse prevention of painful vertebral syndromes in follow-up treatment with a combination of vitamins B1, B6, and B12. Ann NY Acad Sci 1990;585:54-62.
86. Kuhlwein A, Meyer HJ, Koehler CO. Reduced diclofenac administration by B vitamins: results of a randomized double-blind study with reduced daily doses of diclofenac (75 mg diclofenac versus 75 mg diclofenac plus B vitamins) in acute lumbar vertebral syndromes. Klin Wochenschr 1990;68:107-15 [in German].
87. Bruggemann G, Koehler CO, Koch EM. Results of a double-blind study of diclofenac + vitamin B1, B6, B12 versus diclofenac in patients with acute pain of the lumbar vertebrae. A multicenter study. Klin Wochenschr 1990;68:116-20 [in German].
88. Vetter G, Bruggemann G, Lettko M, et al. Shortening diclofenac therapy by B vitamins. Results of a randomized double-blind study, diclofenac 50 mg versus diclofenac 50 mg plus B vitamins, in painful spinal diseases with degenerative changes. Z Rheumatol 1988;47:351-62 [in German].
89. Al Faraj S, Al Mutairi K. Vitamin D deficiency and chronic low back pain in Saudi Arabia. Spine 2003;28:177-9.
90. Lotfi A, Abdel-Nasser AM, Hamdy A, et al. Hypovitaminosis D in female patients with chronic low back pain. Clin Rheumatol 2007;26:1895-901.
91. De Torrente de la Jara G, Pecoud A, Favrat B. Musculoskeletal pain in female asylum seekers and hypovitaminosis D3. BMJ 2004;329:156-7.
92. Chrubasik S, Eisenberg E, Balan E, et al. Treatment of low back pain exacerbations with willow bark extract: A randomized double-blind study. Am J Med 2000;109:9-14.
93. Seligman B. Bromelain: an anti-inflammatory agent. Angiology 1962;13:508-10.
94. Castell JV, Friedrich G, Kuhn CS, et al. Intestinal absorption of undegraded proteins in men: presence of bromelain in plasma after oral intake. Am J Physiol 1997;273:G139-46.
95. Miller JM. Absorption of orally introduced proteolytic enzymes. Clin Med 1968;75:35-42 [review].
96. Masson M. Bromelain in the treatment of blunt injuries to the musculoskeletal system. A case observation study by an orthopedic surgeon in private practice. Fortschr Med 1995;113:303-6.
97. Miller JN, Ginsberg M, McElfatrick GC, et al. The administration of bromelain orally in the treatment of inflammation and edema. Exp Med Surg 1964;22:293-9.
98. Cirelli MG. Five years experience with bromelains in therapy of edema and inflammation in postoperative tissue reaction, skin infections and trauma. Clin Med 1967;74(6):55-9.
99. Vallis C, Lund M. Effect of treatment with Carica papaya on resolution of edema and ecchymosis following rhinoplasty. Curr Ther Res 1969;11:356-9.
100. Trickett P. Proteolytic enzymes in treatment of athletic injuries. Appl Ther 1964;6:647-52.
101. Sweeny FJ. Treatment of athletic injuries with an oral proteolytic enzyme. Med Times 1963:91:765.
102. Fusco BM, Giacovazzo M. Peppers and pain. The promise of capsaicin. Drugs 1997;53:909-14 [review].
103. Schnitzer TJ. Non-NSAID pharmacologic treatment options for the management of chronic pain. Am J Med 1998;105:45S-52S [review].
104. Siften DW (ed). Physicians' Desk Reference for Nonprescription Drugs. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics, 1998, 790-1.
105. Rumsfield JA, West DP. Topical capsaicin in dermatologic and peripheral pain disorders. DICP 1991;25:381-7 [review].
106. Chrubasik S, Zimpfer C, Schutt U, Ziegler R. Effectiveness of Harpagophytum procumbens in treatment of acute low back pain. Phytomed 1996;3:1-10.
107. Chrubasik S, Junck H, Breitschwerdt H, et al. Effectiveness of Harpagophytum extract WS 1531 in the treatment of exacerbation of low back pain: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Eur J Anesthesiology 1999;16:118-29.
108. Hong CZ, Shellock FG. Effects of a topically applied counterirritant (Eucalyptamint) on cutaneous blood flow and on skin and muscle temperatures. A placebo-controlled study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1991;70:29-33.
109. Cirelli MG. Five years experience with bromelains in therapy of edema and inflammation in postoperative tissue reaction, skin infections and trauma. Clin Med 1967;74(6):55-9.
110. Trickett P. Proteolytic enzymes in treatment of athletic injuries. Appl Ther 1964;6:647-52.
111. Sweeny FJ. Treatment of athletic injuries with an oral proteolytic enzyme. Med Times 1963:91:765.
112. Boyne PS, Medhurst H. Oral anti-inflammatory enzyme therapy in injuries in professional footballers. Practitioner 1967;198:543-6.
113. Deitrick RE. Oral proteolytic enzymes in the treatment of athletic injuries: A double-blind study. Pennsylvania Med J 1965;Oct:35-7.
114. Rathgeber WF. The use of proteolytic enzymes (Chymoral) in sporting injuries. S Afr Med J 1971;45:181-3.
115. Buck JE, Phillips N. Trial of Chymoral in professional footballers. Br J Clin Pract 1970;24:375-7.
116. Tsomides J, Goldberg RI. Controlled evaluation of oral chymotrypsin-trypsin treatment of injuries to the head and face. Clin Med 1969;76(11):40.
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Mandiant courses
https://www.blackhat.com/html/bh-us-12/ ... md-ir.html
Have any of you taken this class or other Mandiant class? I'm curious what the difference is between SANS 504 and this one above. I'm assuming there's some overlap, but based on:
http://taosecurity.blogspot.com/2009/04 ... ponse.html
I'd assume the Mandiant class is focused on IR much more deeply.
Hopefully-useful stuff I've written: http://kimiushida.com/bitsandpieces/articles/

subset: commoncrawl


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Water Wings: Top-Flight Fashion for the Beach
No man knows what to wear to the beach. Luckily, you've got us to tell you.
The Playboy has a love/hate relationship with going to the beach. We tend to save the dressed-down look for lounging about the house, for football Sundays with the boys. Rarely, if ever, do we cross into the public sphere looking like the sophomoric slobs the beach is overrun with, making ventures to sandy shores an oft-challenging foray in fashion.
For some.
For others, honing the beach look like you're a Ralph Lauren ad waiting to happen has been an exercise many years in the making. Carefully crafted and selected styles have been tried, tested, discarded and dumped until that ideal, effortless look emerges. It's been a trial-and-error approach until now, but we're finally ready to share our findings with you. It's a cross between beach bum and surfing hippy sailor with just a touch of class, and the girls will love it. It's a lock. It's Playboy.com approved.
The "Long Walks on the Beach" Guy
Long Walks on the Beach Guy is rarely seen around high noon; he's more the mysterious type who only seems to appear when a light breeze sweeps across the sand and the sun hangs low in the sky. He reveals deeply personal life stories at all the right times and probably knows the biological classification of shell species scurrying across the sand, down to the genus. When the credits roll, he kisses the girl.
Shirt: Henrik Vibskov Mine Shirt. Shorts: Creep by Hiroshi Awai Pleated Shorts. Hat: Brixton Castor Straw Fedora.
The "Probably Lives at the Beach" Guy
Whether it's by choice or design, Probably Lives at the Beach Guy probably lives at the beach and as such has developed inexorable ties to its fashion. This look is for the more youthful and lean among us, but this guy is picked first for all the volleyball friendlies with the babes, who coyly ask him to explain the intricacies of bocce. He speaks an adapted form of "gnarl" or surf-talk but has a highly developed intellect, is surprisingly grounded and has probably changed more than a few females' lives with his "like totally awesome outlook on life."
Shirt: T by Alexander Wang Pocket Tank. Shorts: G-Star NE Chino Straight Shorts. Sandals: Hugo Boss Green Label Shoreline Cross Slippers.
The "Fucking Guy Who Is Always Coming out of the Water Like David Hasselhoff or Some Shit" Guy
"WHO'S UP FOR SOME WATER POLO!!" This guy has no need for shirts: saggy, waterlogged, un-streamlined shirts. He needs only swim trunks: stylish, in-fashion swim trunks. He's past the age of board shorts (so are you) and not delusional enough to prance around in a speedo, but he spends all his time in the water so he needs high-end, high-quality trunks with just a bit of ironic flash.
Trunks: Scotch & Soda Swim Short, Nautica Flick Ford Fish Trunk, Sundek 17" Solid Boardshorts.
The "After-Hours Campfire Crooner" Guy
Once all the gulls have quit their squawking, the After-Hours Campfire Crooner sets the soundtrack for the beach. He is universally loved and admired for his talents and always has a song up his sleeve to go along with everyone's highly requested favorites. It's weird, because he's normally a little shy, but all the girls fall for him when they hear "Hot in Herre" on a 12-string. He's also the only guy smart enough to bring a sweater (a stylish one at that) to the beach, so he can loan it out to anyone (read: any woman) who gets cold.
Sweater: RVCA Kingsley Sweater. Shorts: Diesel Chi-Tight-Sho Shorts Shirt: Spurr V-Neck


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Program Goals
Biology Program Goals
Upon completion of biology major, students are expected to possess:
- broad-based knowledge of the biological sciences, emphasizing cellular and molecular biology, genetics, organismal biology, ecology, evolution and population biology
- written and oral communication skills appropriate for presentation of biological information and development of a coherent scientific argument
- laboratory and analytical skills required for professional growth in employment and/or advanced graduate study, and
- the scientific literacy necessary to make informed judgments concerning issues of personal and public policy.
Clinical Laboratory Science Program Goals
Graduates of the Program will:
- Be proficient in performing the full range of clinical laboratory tests
- Be able to develop and evaluate test systems and interpretive algorithms
- Assume responsibilities in areas of analysis and clinical decision-making, regulatory compliance, education and quality assurance/performance improvement wherever laboratory testing is researched, developed or performed.
- Possess basic knowledge, skills and relevant experiences in communications, financial operations, information management and research design/practice to evaluate published studies


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|Data Dictionary:
|Census 2000
you are here: choose a survey survey data set table variable details
Survey: Census 2000
|Data Source:
|U.S. Census Bureau
Data set: Summary File 3 (SF3)
Universe: Specified renter-occupied housing units with a householder who is American Indian and Alaska Native alone
Variable Details
|Gross Rent (AIAN Alone Householder)
|Universe: Specified renter-occupied housing units with a householder who is American Indian and Alaska Native alone
HCT036C001Specified renter-occupied housing units with a householder who is American Indian and Alaska Native alone
HCT036C004 $100 to $149
Percent base:
Aggregation method:
Relevant Documentation:
|Excerpt from:
|Social Explorer, U.S. Census Bureau; 2000 Census of Population and Housing, Summary File 3: Technical Documentation, 2002.
|Summary File 3 Technical Documentation -> Appendix B. Definitons of Subject Characteristics -> Housing Characteristics -> Gross Rent
The data on gross rent were obtained from answers to long-form questionnaire Items 45a-d, which were asked on a sample basis. Gross rent is the contract rent plus the estimated average monthly cost of utilities (electricity, gas, water and sewer) and fuels (oil, coal, kerosene, wood, etc.) if these are paid by the renter (or paid for the renter by someone else). Gross rent is intended to eliminate differentials that result from varying practices with respect to the inclusion of utilities and fuels as part of the rental payment. The estimated costs of utilities and fuels are reported on an annual basis but are converted to monthly figures for the tabulations. Renter units occupied without payment of cash rent are shown separately as "No cash rent" in the tabulations.
Median gross rent
Median gross rent divides the gross rent distribution into two equal parts: one-half of the cases falling below the median gross rent and one-half above the median. Median gross rent is computed on the basis of a standard distribution (see the "Standard Distributions" section under "Derived Measures"). Median gross rent is rounded to the nearest whole dollar. (For more information on medians, see "Derived Measures".)
Aggregate gross rent
Aggregate gross rent is calculated by adding together all of the gross rents for occupied housing units in an area. Aggregate gross rent is subject to rounding, which means that all cells in a matrix are rounded to the nearest hundred dollars. (For more information, see "Aggregate" under "Derived Measures".)
Data on gross rent have been collected since 1940 for renter-occupied housing units. In Census 2000, questionnaire Item 45c asked the annual costs for water and sewer in an effort to obtain all costs associated with water usage. In 1990, the question asked the yearly costs for water only.
|Excerpt from:
|Social Explorer, U.S. Census Bureau; 2000 Census of Population and Housing, Summary File 3: Technical Documentation, 2002.
|Summary File 3 Technical Documentation -> Appendix B. Definitons of Subject Characteristics -> Population Characteristics -> Race -> American Indian or Alaska Native
A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central America) and who maintain tribal affiliation or community attachment. It includes people who classified themselves as described below.
American Indian
This category includes people who indicated their race as "American Indian," entered the name of an Indian tribe, or reported such entries as Canadian Indian, French American Indian, or Spanish American Indian.
American Indian tribe
Respondents who identified themselves as American Indian were asked to report their enrolled or principal tribe. Therefore, tribal data in tabulations reflect the written entries reported on the questionnaires. Some of the entries (for example, Iroquois, Sioux, Colorado River, and Flathead) represent nations or reservations. The information on tribe is based on self-identification and therefore does not reflect any designation of federally or state-recognized tribe. Information on American Indian tribes is presented in summary files. The information for Census 2000 is derived from the American Indian Tribal Classification List for the 1990 census that was updated based on a December 1997, Federal Register Notice, entitled " Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible to Receive Service From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs," Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, issued by the Office of Management and Budget.
Alaska Native
This category includes written responses of Eskimos, Aleuts, and Alaska Indians as well as entries such as Arctic Slope, Inupiat, Yupik, Alutiiq, Egegik, and Pribilovian. The Alaska tribes are the Alaskan Athabascan, Tlingit, and Haida. The information for Census 2000 is based on the American Indian Tribal Classification List for the 1990 census, which was expanded to list the individual Alaska Native Villages when provided as a written response for race.


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Healthy Habits
We are 2 months into the new year and it's a great time to get rid of bad habits and that goes for all of us. It is especially a good time to work on developing healthy habits at home for children of all ages.
What better time to start making sure that your children are getting enough sleep. Winter months are great for setting bedtimes, as it gets darker earlier and somehow it seems easier to get little ones to bed when it is dark. Recently, a parent emailed me that their 2 year old was now staying up until 10:00 p.m. because "he didn't want to go to bed". This little boy wanted to stay up and play on his parent's table" rather than going to bed, and he was driving them crazy as they got less and less sleep themselves. The dad asked, "what should we do? Do we put him to bed earlier, even if he doesn't want to?"
The answer is yes! They need to have a consistent bedtime for their 2 year old son, with a good bedtime routine. For me as a parent, that meant bath time, story time, hugs kisses, and lights out! Even as the kids got older I tried to enforce a teenage bedtime of no later than 11:00 p.m. on school nights. Teens need sleep too, and every night is not pre-finals night so make sure your teen is going to bed and no electronics in their room either.
Many people start diets at this time of year, but I would rather talk about changing eating habits. Do you already have family dinners? Are your children getting a healthy breakfast before they head off to school? Do you pack your child's lunch at least 2-3 days a week? We can all improve our eating habits, and by changing even one thing (no more soft drinks in the house or serving a green vegetable at dinner), will impact nutrition and health. Little changes but a good start.
So, here's to a healthier 2014 and to starting off with good habits and maybe trying to change a bad habit. I often race off to work, so I'm going to try to eat breakfast regularly. I may have to get up 10 minutes earlier, but it is do-able. I'll let you know how it goes.
- Drinking and Driving
- Oh Happy Day!
- New TV Show Coming!
- Kid's Weight Linked to Mom's Monitoring of Media
- Feeding Baby Solid Foods


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All of my honey supers stay here in NY for the Winter, stacked on wearhouse pallets w/ a plastic tarp cover and a pallet on top to weigh the tarp down so the top supers don't blow off. I have never had any wax moth damage in those stacks.
Deep supers used for brood supers will have some pollen in them. If they don't get back on strong colonies early enough in the Spring they will often have wax moth damage.
Seems like the presence of pollen is the problem.


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NCAA Basketball Stock Report
With the college hoops season set to begin, we're taking an economical approach to sort the contenders and pretenders.
Knee deep into a season is no time to invest in the complexities of NCAA basketball. For starters your odds go down from the first tip; a few wins for high-powered programs like UNC or Kentucky will instantly drop the odds of them winning the whole thing from 10:1 to five and three and by the time March rolls around they'll have 25 to 30 wins and look like sure locks for a National Championship.
Over the course of a season there will be many broken ankles and many more broken presses and broken dreams if we're going to get sentimental about it. But at the start of a season, before the first whistle blows there are many possibilities and a whole host of different outcomes. Now is the time to start emotionally investing our stock in the county's best and brightest and we start with…
Growth Stocks (Good Programs That Got Better)
Kentucky Wildcats
The kids will be alright in the Bluegrass state. The first wave of the Calipari youth movement are all grown up; they're winning SEC tournaments, knocking off big dogs like the Buckeyes and Tar Heels and they're making Final Four appearances. As if that was not enough, they'll be getting some help this year from the nation's top recruiting class, with freshmen point guard Marquis Teague, power forward Anthony Davis and the 6-7, 5-Tool small forward Michael Kidd-Gilchrist joining the ranks. It is a good mix of youth and experience in Kentucky and it makes the Wildcats a worthwhile investment given John Calipari's track record of shaping NBA-caliber point guards (John Wall, Derrick Rose, Tyreke Evans, Brandon Knight to name a few) into bona fide stars. Too talented to not go far.
Courtesy: Anders Brownworth CC BY-SA 2.5
UNC Tar Heels
They say the biggest statistical leap for college players is between their freshman and sophomore years, so the sky is the limit for Harrison Barnes' 5.8 RPG, .344 3P% and 15.7 PPG. He hung 40 on Clemson in the ACC Tournament, setting a freshman record and he'll be rejoined by a familiar cast of characters with John Henson, James McAdoo and Tyler Zeller all returning for another year in North Carolina. All four have first-round NBA draft potential and with Kendall Marshall holding down the backcourt the Roy Williams' led Tar Heels are a pre-season favorite to win it all.
Value Stocks (Good Programs That Are Still Good Despite Changes)
Ohio State Buckeyes
Here's a fun fact: Jarod Sullinger averaged a double-double last season, throwing up 17.2 PPG and 10.2 RPG. He was easily the most dominant, fun-to-watch player in March and the trio of him, William Buford (14.4 PPG, 44.2 FG%) and Aaron Craft are hands-down the smartest, most uncontainable full-court combination in college. They'll be joined by a handful of rookie playmakers that while not as deep as UNC or packed with as much raw talent as Kentucky, will give the Buckeyes a chance to run with the top schools after the Big Ten banner is hung.
UConn Huskies
Right next to Sullinger on the fun-to-watch list was Kemba Walker who averaged an unbelievable 23.4 PPG in his final year with the Huskies and a .430 FG%. He's gone on to the greener pastures of the NBA but UConn has quietly been building a deeper team. They won't be able to replace Walker's lost points but they'll be able to beat you in other ways. Ever heard of Andre Drummond? He's a 6-10 monster who might not only be the most valuable center in the NCAA but the most valuable player, projected as No.1 overall in whatever NBA draft he decides to go in. As a freshman, Jeremy Lamb showed he has the skills to be more than an everyday player and the Huskies welcome back the rest of the National Championship supporting cast. UConn will have some tough competition if they are looking to repeat in 2012 but the talent is there if they manage get over the Kemba hangover.
Duke Blue Devils
A lot of people sold high on Duke with the departure of Kyle Singler, Kyrie Irving and Nolan Smith, but Coach K pulled in what looks to be the best recruiting class outside Kentucky with all five freshmen appearing somewhere on ESPN's top 50 list. Leading the pack is the highly-touted Austin Rivers who will join upperclassmen Andre Dawkins and Seth Curry to make up one of if not the best backcourt in college. Upfront it will be a family affair with the third and final Plumlee brother, Marshall joining Mason and Miles and the newly recruited Michael Gbinije, an athletic winger with a big shot. This is a Duke team not to be undersold; the talented mix of upperclassmen and rookies will make for an even-keeled attack most teams will simply not be able to keep up with.
Courtesy: CC BY-SA 3.0
Syracuse Orange
Being a force in the Big East is no easy feat, unless you have a trio like Kris Joseph, Scoop Jardine and Brandon Triche. All three are returning with a chip on their shoulder after being knocked out of last year's tournament by an undervalued Marquette squad. Each spent time last season developing a strong perimeter game to back young gun Fab Melo and the wildcard freshmen Rakeem Christmas in the paint. Syracuse's success is dependent on more than a few things going right but if they do, this is a deep team that can attack the hoop in many ways; opposing teams will find it difficult to keep pace with their matchups.
Buy Low (The Dark Horses)
Baylor Bears
College hoops was unkind to a player many thought was a legitimate one-and-done in Perry Jones. While his 13.9/7.2/1.2 slash line is on the high end for rookie campaigns, it fell short of expectations and Jones opted out of the NBA draft. Which is good news for the Bears who will have him back for a sophomore season. He'll join five other returning players including forward Quincy Acy who put up numbers similar to Jones' in 2011 (12.4 PPG and 7.6 RPG). Furthering the cause up front, Baylor added the No.3 ranked power forward in Quincy Miller and the three of them should have no problem creating mismatches up court. Defense might be a concern heading into the 2012 season, but their offensive output should more than make up for it.
Xavier Musketeers
Tu Words: Hollo-way. When you consider that his totals have risen exponentially since he started, his senior year slash line figures to read something like 23.5/7.8/6.5. And all that productivity comes while running a full court offense from the guard position. He's an all-around exceptional player and leader looking to carry his team through the Atlantic and back into the limelight of the Big Dance. He'll have big man Kenny Freese and guard Mark Lyons returning to the rotation and Xavier added some depth (and height) upfront with freshmen Justin Martin and Travis Taylor. Barring injury, they'll will be playing in March and if Holloway has anything to say about, late into March.
Sell High (Programs That Were Good But Will Not Be This Year)
Kansas Jayhawks
The 10-point trouncing of Kansas by an 11-seeded VCU signaled the end of a program that had dominated the NCAA rankings for close to four years. That's a lifetime on the college circuit and despite what will likely be breakout years for Thomas Robinson (8.0 PPG, 6.5 RPG) and Tyshawn Taylor (9.1 PPG, 4.5 APG), the Jayhawks simply do not have the recruiting class to contend to 2011.
Florida Gators
Fair warning: there are enough people still buying into the Gators' hype, but we are not among them. While their solid back court of Kenny Boynton and Erving Walker remains intact, the departure of Chandler Parsons and Vernon Macklin leaves a huge hole up front to be filled with by an average Patrick Young and a less than elite recruiting class. Florida did manage to snag guard Mike Rosario from Rutgers in the offseason, giving the Gators the opportunity to play a legitimate four-guard set, but they are going to get beat almost every time in the post, putting pressure on every field goal just to keep pace in the competitive SEC.


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Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CSEP)
To obtain certification, a CSEP certification candidate must:
- Pass a computer-based theory examination hosted by Pearson VUE at sites across Canada.
- Pass a practical examination (Pass/Fail) under the auspices of a CSEP Examiner.
The primary objective of the CSEP examinations is for candidates to demonstrate a level of knowledge and practical skills that will enable them to provide safe, appropriate, client-centred, effective personal fitness assessment/training sessions with clients. It is important that the CSEP certification candidate come prepared for the examination process with both academic knowledge and practical experience.
The appropriate Exam Application Form for the certification the candidate is interested in obtaining must be completed and submitted to CSEP for approval. Candidates should note that no more than six months can elapse between the successful completion of a CSEP certification theory exam and the successful completion of a CSEP certification practical exam. If a CSEP certification candidate does not complete both theory and practical examinations within six months of each other, the CSEP certification candidate must successfully repeat the full examination process again to obtain their CSEP Certification.
CSEP Certified Personal Trainer® (CSEP-CPT)
The CSEP Certified Personal Trainer® (CSEP-CPT) is a professional with a minimum of two years of University/College coursework in specific core competency areas related to the exercise sciences from an accredited post-secondary institution. A CSEP-CPT works with apparently healthy individuals or those with a stable health condition who are able to exercise independently. A CSEP-CPT administers the CSEP-PATH to healthy populations, develops and implements a tailored physical activity, fitness and lifestyle plan.
Before scheduling an exam, you must receive an authorization-to-test email from CSEP. For more information, visit www.csep.ca/csep-cpt/ or follow the "Related Links" on this page. You may also contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
CSEP Certified Exercise Physiologist® (CSEP-CEP)
A CSEP Certified Exercise Physiologist® (CSEP-CEP) performs assessments, prescribes conditioning exercise, as well as exercise supervision, counselling and healthy lifestyle education in apparently healthy individuals and/or populations with medical conditions, functional limitations or disabilities associated with musculoskeletal, cardiopulmonary, metabolic, neuromuscular, and ageing conditions. The minimum requirement to become a CSEP-CEP is a 4-year University degree in exercise science or a related area.
Before scheduling an exam, you must receive an authorization-to-test email from CSEP. For more information, visit www.csep.ca/csep-cep/ or follow the "Related Links" on this page. You may also contact email@example.com.
Your authorization-to-test email will tell you the first and last dates you may take the exam. It is up to you to make an appointment to take the exam in that timeframe. Exam appointments may be made up to one business day in advance. Locations are available on a first-come, first-served basis.
After you schedule your exam, Pearson VUE will send you a confirmation email listing your exam date, your exam time, the address and phone number of the test center, and directions to the test center.


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Difference between revisions of "Juju Scramble"
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|location=[[Little Haiti]], [[Vice City in GTA III Era|Vice City]]
|location=[[Little Haiti]], [[Vice City in GTA III Era|Vice City]]
|fail=[[Wasted|Death]] of [[Tommy Vercetti]]
|unlocks=[[Bombs Away!]]
|unlocks=[[Bombs Away!]]
|unlockedby=[[Stunt Boat Challenge]]
|unlockedby=[[Stunt Boat Challenge]]
'''Juju Scramble''' is a mission in [[Grand Theft Auto: Vice City]] given to [[protagonist]] [[Tommy Vercetti]] by [[Haitians]] leader [[Auntie Poulet]] from her home in [[Little Haiti]], [[Vice City in GTA III Era|Vice City]].
'''Juju Scramble''' is a mission in [[Grand Theft Auto: Vice City]] given to [[protagonist]] [[Tommy Vercetti]] by [[Haitians]] leader [[Auntie Poulet]] from her home in [[Little Haiti]], [[Vice City in GTA III Era|Vice City]].
Revision as of 14:40, 5 April 2013
|Juju Scramble
A drugged Tommy Vercetti meeting Auntie Poulet in her home in Little Haiti, where she asks him to retrieve some of her stashes before the police retrieve them.
|GTA Vice City
|Auntie Poulet
|Little Haiti, Vice City
|Death of Tommy Vercetti
|Bombs Away!
|Unlocked by
|Stunt Boat Challenge
Juju Scramble is a mission in Grand Theft Auto: Vice City given to protagonist Tommy Vercetti by Haitians leader Auntie Poulet from her home in Little Haiti, Vice City.
Tommy Vercetti, having proven himself in Vice City's criminal underworld, visits Haitians leader Auntie Poulet in her home in Little Haiti looking for more work. Poulet, having heard of his abilities from her grandfather and tells Vercetti that people are after him. Poulet, however, says that she can help him by giving him some juju after he completes a task for her: to recover her stashes of powder, which the police believe are drugs after a tip off from the Cubans.
Vercetti leaves her home and drives to a roof top near the junkyard. He collects the briefcase but is ambushed by SWAT officers pointing their guns at him. Vercetti then escapes and drives further up the street and collects the second briefcase, with the police becoming increasingly interested in arresting him. Vercetti, however, again escapes and collects a third briefcase from a small group of yellow houses on the outskirts of Little Haiti before returning to Poulet's home to give her the briefcases, avoiding pursuing police officers and avoiding police blockades.
(Omitted Dialogue in Bold)
(Little Haiti, Auntie Poulet's shack. Tommy Vercetti and Auntie Poulet)
Tommy Vercetti: Hello? Hello?
Auntie Poulet: Come in, my dear, and rest your soul. You must be the big bad man me grandaddy been chattin' 'bout. Tells me tings about you, you know, when he visits, and about the others who wait for you. Now, we all dead for long time, but you, I wouldn't want to be in your shoes, ha ha ha ha ha!
Tommy Vercetti: I got a message to come here.
Auntie Poulet: Can you hear dem? Dem callin' your name, boy, must want you pretty bad, don't ya tink? Now you do old Auntie Poulet a turn, huh, maybe she help you. Maybe she can give you a little juju after all of dis. Give you some magic to give the law man the stink eye, hmmmmm?
Tommy Vercetti: Look, this is all very, um... give me what? I,I, I think I've got the wrong address...
Auntie Poulet: Do me these tings, Tommy...... The Cubans, nasty proud foofoos, mmm, been making my lovely Haitian boys shake de heads. Now they told the policeman where me been stashing my powders. Dey tink it drugs, them stupid. Now be a good boy Tommy and go and get the powders for Auntie Poulet.
Tommy Vercetti: Yeah, yeah, sure, sure.
The reward for completing this mission is $1,000. The mission Bombs Away! is unlocked.
Tommy Vercetti about to collect the first stash.
Tommy Vercetti about to collect the second stash.
Tommy Vercetti about to collect the third stash.
Tommy Vercetti about to enter Auntie Poulet's home.
See also
Video walkthrough
|PC Version - GTASeriesVideos


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Intuition tells us that certain places are powerful, that certain spaces are sacred, and that we are sometimes in the presence of cosmic energy. The relationship between cosmic energy and individual creativity, and research into communication with the cosmos, is investigated with utopian spirit and fantastical imagination in "ILYA AND EMILIA KABAKOV: THE CENTER OF COSMIC ENERGY," which opens at Tufts University Art Gallery on September 6. The Kabakovs are Russian émigré artists who've been collaborating since 1990. Ilya Kabakov was a dissident artist in Moscow from the 1950s to the 1980s; he's best known in the US for his "total installations," in which he builds life-size spaces including apartments, hospitals, and public restrooms, complete with elaborate allusions to their imagined, partly autobiographical inhabitants. The centerpiece of the Tufts show is a major structure called the "Communication with the Cosmos Building" — a 22-seat amphitheater set inside a cylinder and situated above ancient stone vessels, well positioned to harness cosmic energy and to focus viewers on the deep mysteries of existence.
Also happily keeping its head in the clouds, "TO FLY: CONTEMPORARY AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY," at the Boston University Art Gallery starting September 7, looks at our world from above, with work by, among others, Argentina's Esteban Pastorino Díaz, who mounts his camera on a kite to photograph locations in South America, and Cambridge-based Alex MacLean, whose abstract, geometric images are not instantly identifiable as landscapes.
Large-scale, down-to-earth photographs of American teenagers are on view in "CLASS PICTURES: PHOTOGRAPHS BY DAWOUD BEY," which opens at the Addison Gallery of American Art on September 4. For this project, Bey, who has trained his camera on urban youth since the mid 1990s, photographed students from public and private high schools in cities including Detroit, Andover, Orlando and San Francisco, spending two to three weeks in each school. Each image is displayed next to a page of text written by the subject.
Traditional photographic techniques rub shoulders with experimental alternatives in the "2007 NEW ENGLAND PHOTOGRAPHY BIENNIAL," which opens at the Danforth Museum of Art on September 9. Juried this year by pros Karen Haas and Arlette Kayafas, the show includes work by such established artists as Lou Jones and Jo Sandman, and relative newcomers including Rania Matar and Lissa Rivera.
"Ilya and Emilia Kabakov: The Center of Cosmic Energy" at Tufts University Art Gallery, 40R Talbot Ave, Medford | September 6–November 11 | 617.627.3518 | "To Fly: Contemporary Aerial Photography" at Boston University Art Gallery, 855 Comm Ave, Boston | September 7–October 28 | 617.353.3329 | "Class Pictures: Photographs by Dawoud Bey" at Addison Gallery of American Art, Phillips Academy, Andover | September 4–December 30 | 978.749.4015 | "2007 New England Photography Biennial" at Danforth Museum of Art, 123 Union Ave, Framingham | September 9–October 28 | 508.620.0050On the Web
Tufts University Art Gallery: cosmicenergy.tufts.edu
Boston University Art Gallery: www.bu.edu/art
Addison Gallery of American Art, Phillips Academy, Andover: www.andover.edu/addisonDanforth Museum of Art: www.danforthmuseum.org
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Thanks Chris and Maxant,
It arrived safely. Kinda (see thread)
Thanks Chris and Maxant,
It arrived safely. Kinda (see thread)
Nice hat!
Thanks H. T. Krantz and Maxant!
And no, I didn't get the "broken in" one
Thanks for the hat!
It's top of the line!
Problem.... My wife doesn't believe I won it, she keeps looking for the new "honey processing equipment"!
It really is a quality hat (something I'm picky about, but noone seems to understand). Thanks so much!
Buy the ticket, take the ride. -H.S. Thompson
Chris Krantz
I tried to call and sent an email.
I'm thinking of getting her something special for Mothers Day!!
This references Christmas, but I'm sure it would be applicable for any occasion you have to get a gift for your wife.
Greg Whitehead, Ten Mile, TN
Blog - http://gregsbees.blogspot.com/
Just received my hat, thanks Chris and Jake! Ollie is extremely jealous
received ..the hat... and it fits well...will be placing an order in the next month....thank you...chris and jake
Chris Krantz
Greg Whitehead, Ten Mile, TN
Blog - http://gregsbees.blogspot.com/
I'm a gentleman I was thinking of getting her 15 or so!
Thanks Chris and Maxant ! It's a high quality hat. I'll be sure to wear it to our local bee keepers association meeting.
again , Thank you
David Williams
Not quite sure what my wife was trying to tell me when my hat came.....


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IIRC the USCG worked side by side with Polish GROM teams to take the oil platforms in Basra.
Printable View
And where exactly do you get the idea that I "basically just shit all over thousands of coasties that died serving their country". Did you not see the part where I said "Not much of a distinction really because they have fought in damn near every conflict we have been involved in since their inception and their service has matched that of every branch under the DOD". How exactly is that shitting on the service of others. Maybe you didn't know this but police that are killed in the line of duty are not military but paramilitary and I am not disrespecting their service either. Same can be said about the firefighters and other emergency workers and I honor them as well. I will also add that our civilian intelligence (paramilitary) and federal law enforcement workers who are currently overseas on the front lines of the current war on terrorism are most definately not military either and that does not in any way diminish their service. Is it somehow a slight to the DOD civilian or CIA contractor killed in the service to country to point out that they were a civilian?
If anyone here can show me how it is that I supposedly dishonored the Coast Guard I would like to see it.
So if someone is commisioned with the NOAA or the Public Health Corps are they a part of the military too? That makes no sense. I believe both services can be 'militarized' by executive order in a state of emergency but that is an exception and not the general rule.
The Coast Guard has a military mission and I have never said otherwise but as our JAG explained it (and maybe he was oversimplifying for the masses) they were not a part of the military because that would violate the Posse Comitatus Act. That, he said, is why they were under (at the time) the DOT. Like I said, he may have over simplified things and he may even have allowed his ego get involved in some imaginary DOD/DOT territorial dispute but that would seem out of character for him. I personally don't claim to be an expert, I am just a lowly enlisted Intel NCO and Military Police instructor, I only base this on what the JAG has told me in conversation.
Normally I wouldn't care enough to look into it but since I am currently in the ass crack of Afghanistan (as a civilian this time even though I am still an NCO in the National Guard) I might look into it when the ISP here is having a good day. If you still think I have disrespected anyone you are as wrong as two boys kissing.
Are you always abusive and hostile over what is at best a minor misunderstanding Kyle? That wouldn't be very respectful of others and yet you claim to value respect so much.
Way to much energy being wasted here,we are on the same side,RIGHT?
If anyone doubts the status of the Coasties, read the information below:
"Five of the uniformed services make up the armed forces, four of which are within the Department of Defense. The Coast Guard has both military and law enforcement duties, and is currently under the control of the Department of Homeland Security; however, Title 14 of the U.S. Code states that the Coast Guard is part of the military at all times. It is therefore the only branch of the military not under the control of the Department of Defense, at least in peacetime; during war, control of the Coast Guard passes to the Department of the Navy if Congress declares war or at the request of the President. [1] The Commandant of the Coast Guard reports directly to the Secretary of Homeland Security. The commissioned corps of the US Public Health Service and NOAA Commissioned Corps operate under military rules with the exception of the applicability of the Uniform Code of Military Justice, to which they are subject when militarized by executive order or while detailed to any component of the armed forces."
There - according to Title 14 of USC, they are military AT ALL TIMES.
Now can we get back to discussing / fretting about the oncoming United Socialist States of America ???
Just to add a point - our troop does overnighters on CV-10, USS Lexington, often. The Lex's evening program has a 'salute to veterans'. During this program the services' flags are paraded and all veterans of that branch are asked to come on stage to be recognized. The USCG flag is always included with the usual four and Coasties are recognized with their brethren in the other branches.
Damnit nkuluksda, thank you. And sorry to everyone else for contributing to that "off subject" being dragged out WAY longer than it had to be.


text:
Natural Gas Data Collection and Estimation
|This presentation to the Oklahoma Independent Petroleum Association gives an overview of the EIA natural gas data collection system, Oklahoma natural gas statistics, recent changes in monthly natural gas production statistics, and the May 2010 short-term natural gas forecast. The presentation focuses on the EIA-914, the "Monthly Natural Gas Production Report," and recent changes to this survey's estimation methodology.
|Presentation slides
|Download presentation source


text:
Calling for help or alarm when there is not much to be alarmed about. Like crying wolf but it is not a lie, there really is something, it's just not that bad.
"I hope the police don't think I was crying coyote when I called about a prowler that turned out to be a raccoon."
by Feralbeagle June 24, 2008