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Committee for Legal Affairs
The Committee for Legal Affairs is to i) determine and resolve all legal issues related to the Assembly; ii) determine any legal issues related to the activity of the agencies of which the Assembly has oversight, and address those issues; iii) formulate a common approach to the legal issues facing all the jurisdictions; iv) study and develop Best Practices related to specific circumstances; and v) resolve any questions addressed to them by the other committees.
Bp. Daniel (UOC) - Chairman
Bp. Andonios (GOA)
Committee Liaison
Eric Namee, Esq.
Dn. Gregory Rubis
Catherine Walsh
Robert A. Koory
Judge Ray Lanier
Ken Liu
Leon Lysaght
Louis Milicich
James Spencer
Ted Theophilos
Angela Parks
Sophia Mafrige
William Marianes
Terms of Reference
What is to be accomplished
- Identify and resolve legal issues related to the establishment and ongoing operation of the Assembly
- The initial task of the Committee will be to recommend institutional structure to the Assembly, including type of entity to be formed, state that it will be formed in, development of Assembly bylaws, etc.
- Identify and resolve legal issues related to the transition and ongoing operation of agencies previously recognized as official agencies of SCOBA in order to facilitate the Assembly's decision to "assume" those agencies
- Work cooperatively with legal counsel for each agency in accomplishing this task
- Identify legal issues related to the work of the Assembly that are common to all of the jurisdictions and develop a common policy approach to addressing those issues
- Such issues shall include, but are not limited to, the ownership of property, human resource management including sexual harassment policies and procedures, clergy misconduct, compliance with tax, employment law, and other government statutes and regulations, corporate/entity compliance with governmental statutes and regulations
- Identify legal issues specific to particular jurisdictions and develop an approach for addressing those issues in cooperation with those responsible for legal compliance in the jurisdictions
- Study and develop Best Practices related to the legal operation of the Assembly, jurisdictions, organizations, departments, and other entities associated with them
- Serve as a resource to the committees of the Assembly and the Secretariat to assist them in addressing legal issues or answering legal questions
- To the extent necessary to advance the work of the Assembly, also serve as a resource to those responsible for legal compliance in the jurisdictions
How it is to be accomplished
- Determine at the outset, and update regularly, the timetable for accomplishment of the Committee's objectives
- Contact and work with individuals within the jurisdictions responsible for legal compliance
- Identify attorneys that may assist the committee in various areas of expertise as issues arise
- Draft legal memoranda outlining issues and alternative courses of action
- Draft legal documents and make necessary filings with governmental agencies
With whom it is to be accomplished
- The individuals responsible for legal compliance within the jurisdictions
- The responsible parties at the various agencies and other institutions associated with the Assembly
News and Events
Committee for Legal Affairs 2014 Annual Report
Friday, November 21, 2014
The 2014 Annual Report of the Committee for Legal Affairs is now available online. read more »
Committee for Legal Affairs 2013 Report
Friday, December 20, 2013
The 2013 annual report of the Committee for Legal Affairs is now available online. read more »
Legal Affairs Committee 2012 Annual Report
Monday, February 04, 2013
The 2012 annual report of the Committee for Legal Affairs is now available online. read more »
Committee for Legal Affairs Holds Meeting
Tuesday, August 07, 2012
The Legal Affairs Committee of the Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops held its first face to face meeting in Atlanta, Georgia on July 10, 2012. read more »
Quick Links
Meet the Officers of the Assembly
Learn about the Assembly's Committees
Visit the Assembly of Bishops on Facebook


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Love the Sunday Riley Juno serum/oil for face and have gone through over 3 bottles of it so far. This is why I decided to try the version for body. It smells nice in my opinion, but doesn't last long and I don't feel much added moisturization or glow. You get the same results with other body oils for much cheaper. That being said I feel the opposite about the face version. Save your money and buy the Sunday riley Juno lipid serum instead. That stuff actually makes your skin glow.3

subset: commoncrawl


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Books based on games: Halo
Posted on 20th Apr 2010 at 10:10 by Antony Leather with 34 comments
In fact I've never owned an Xbox and never played any Halo games on one. I've only ever played Halo: Combat Evolved on the PC but while I did think it was a very enjoyable game, especially online, that's not why I'm here. Being a Sci-fi nut, I love most things futuristic. I'm also pretty keen on warfare and action in general (in fiction!) so when by accident I picked up a book called Halo: The Fall of Reach, being quite into Halo Combat Evolved at the time, it turned out to be one of the best books I've ever read.


text: I have one strong hive in a deep and two shallows, and two new homeless queens. I want to de-queen the hive and the next day add one caged queen to the deep and the other to the two shallows, with an excluder in between. Will this work as a two queen hive, or do I need a honey super or two between the queens to prevent fighting?


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Anyone pushed oxalic acid fumes into a TBH? From the top or from the bottom?
Ahh - I see folks inserting electrical vaporizers into Lang entrances, so the fumes must rise. That plus some YouTube illustrations seem to indicate I can drill a 3/4" hole in my bottom board, mount a flange externally, screw in a 4" length of capped pipe and use that as a vaporizer chamber, heating with a propane torch. remove roof of hive and watch for vapors to start and to end. think I'll position this under the general area of the brood.


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heys guys crazy good pictures about the surf in montezuma, i would like to recomend to visit cartonsurfboards in calle madrigal, jaco, costa rica. they have a lot of desings of surfboards for sell and for rent to all the people from the begginers to pro surfers, i ove it this point in costa rica. visit in the web www.cartonsurboards.com. this guy is cool.
Can I Have Sum More Sir?
Trip Start May 07, 2010
18Trip End May 16, 2010
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We left Montezuma in the morning at 7AM and arrived in Mal Pais at about 8AM. Not too bad of a drive since the roads connecting the two towns were mostly paved. We settled in at the hostel turned hotel, Frank's Place. This hotel recently expanded and upgraded everything to cater to the mid-range tourist. Since it was our remaining days at the beach, Rowena and I decided to splurge, insisting on a private bath and A/C. A/C wasn't really needed here since the breeze in the area picked up, but nevertheless, in a few minutes, we had that thing screaming. One other great thing about the hotel was that it was walking distance to the beach.
As soon as we got settled, we headed out to the beach to check out the surf. It was so-so with closeouts but still better than Huntington Beach, CA waves during the summer. Plus, the beach was all mine, mine, mine! I didn't feel like longboarding again since I only had that day to enjoy the surf. Instead, I had the brilliant idea to do bodyboarding. Just next to our hotel was Frank's surf shop (same establishment) that rented bodyboards and more importantly the fins as well. Lord, I was in heaven as Montezuma didn't rent fins. We got two sets for myself and Rowena. I thought since Rowena didn't do so well with longboarding that bodyboarding would be a bit easier for her
So what did I do next? 'Course, I hit the waves like I did when I used to bodyboard the California beaches (Huntington, Newport, San Diego, Malibu, Santa Barbara, etc.) everyday a few years back with my good ol' surf buddies Glenn, Roy, George, Alphonso, and my brothers Joe and Joel. It all came back to me... then left after 30 minutes because I was huffin' and puffin' it! LOL. But... I have to admit, the old man still has it. I was duckdiving like a porpoise, clawing the water like a seal, and riding those waves like a shark.
After a few hours, Rowena and I had lunch at Product C. A fish market/fish restaurant close by owned by a cool American with an afro. We quickly scarfed down two fish tacos and an order of ceviche, went back to the beach for more bodyboarding, but decided against it because of the conditions of the waves. They just got mushy.
We took a nap, then went to the hotel's restaurant (Azucar Restaurant) for dinner since the lady who had greeted us in the morning there while we wandered around at the hotel was super nice. Morgane, along with her husband, Norbis runs and owns the restaurant, even if it did reside on the hotel's property. Norbis, originally from Cuba, is a classically trained chef who cooked quite a bit in London and was kind enough to share some of his war stories in the kitchen. He's also a sports fan fanatic and can cite statistics if the conversation warrants it. Morgane is French and was the sweetest lady in the world. Rowena and I had a great night there, even if we were one of only two couples. What made it even better was that we actually got rain while we had dinner and drinks. Sooo awesome to sit there and relax. At about 9PM, we called it a night. We deserved to turn in a little early, trust me.
Learn more about the Azucar Restaurant at their website: http://www.azucar-restaurant.com/


text: I know it's a long shot, but is there any chance that anyone would actually have a coupon to Pottery Barn? I have a long list of expensive star wars stuff i'm getting ready to pull the trigger on, and figured it couldn't hurt to ask. If so, just let me know. Thanks!


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My, how the months fly by. It is time for another recipe roundup, and I have an interesting combination of recipes.
The Freezer Cole Slaw is shared with you from a dear, dear friend and college roommate, Regina Jones Franklin in Franklin. I hope it is not too late for cabbage in the fall garden for you to preserve it for dinners during the winter.
I discovered the second recipe through Pinterest. A lot of people tell me they are addicted to Pinterest but I have tried to not be. It started with a recipe at www.shugarysweets.com and I have altered it for a larger pan. I find a can of Hershey's chocolate syrup is much better than chocolate frosting. These éclair desserts are so light and refreshing in the summer, if you have never tried one, give them a try. There's also a strawberry version I'll try to include next month.
Another great recipe website is www.southernplate.com, which is maintained by Christy Jordan, a home economics major and author of "Southern Plate," a book I fell in love with.
It is so amazing that almost every recipe in her book also is in my book — some with different names however. She has a story about every recipe in the book and many more stories to boot. Her great-grandparents were tenant farmers who farmed cotton in Alabama. She has a free newsletter with a new recipe every day, too.
The recipe shared, Caramel Banana Pie, is very similar to O'Charley's caramel pie. It also is similar to my recipe but it's even easier to prepare. This pie is sometimes called Banoffee Pie in the Deep South.
The fourth recipe is from my Taste of Home files and would be a great treat when the kids come home from school or even to send in their lunch. The best part is these cereal bars involve no cooking.
Nora Sweat, author of "Mama and Me," is a native of HardinCounty and a retired home economics/family and consumer science teacher. She can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com or by mail at 408 W. Dixie Ave., Elizabethtown, KY 42701.
Freezer Cole Slaw
1 medium head of green cabbage
1 teaspoon salt
1 carrot, grated
1 green pepper, chopped
1 cup vinegar
¼ cup water
2 cups sugar
1 teaspoon whole
mustard seed
1 teaspoon whole celery seed
Shred cabbage. Mix with salt. Let stand 1 hour. Add carrot and green pepper. Combine vinegar, water, sugar and spices. Boil 1 minute. Cool to lukewarm and pour over slaw. Pack in containers and freeze. Cole slaw will thaw in a short time when removed from freezer.
Nora's Note: Instead of using one green pepper, Regina uses half red and half green. She also adds 1 small minced onion.
Source: Regina Jones Franklin
Peanut Butter Éclair Cake
1 box chocolate graham crackers
2 3.5-ounce boxes vanilla instant pudding mixes
3 cup milk
1 cup creamy-style
peanut butter
1 large container whipped topping, thawed
1 bag small peanut butter cups, unwrapped
1 can chocolate syrup
In a large bowl, beat vanilla pudding mix and milk until smooth. Add peanut butter and beat well. Fold in the whipped topping, set aside.
In a 13-by-9-by-2-inch dish, place chocolate graham crackers on the bottom of the dish and top with half of the pudding mix. Top with more chocolate graham crackers and then the peanut butter cups and the remaining pudding. Top with the chocolate grahams and finally pour the chocolate syrup over top. Refrigerate overnight.
Caramel Banana Pie (Banoffee Pie)
2-12 oz. cans Dulce de Leche
9 in. graham cracker crust
2-4 fresh bananas
Whipped topping
Open cans and spread caramel into bottom of graham crust. Cover and refrigerate at least an hour. Cut into slices and top each slice with sliced bananas and whipped cream just before serving. Store leftovers in refrigerator
Nora's Note: Dulce de Leche is commonly found in the Mexican section at grocery stores but sometimes is found on the baking aisle next to sweetened condensed milk. Jordan said it is available at Kroger in Birmingham, so hopefully it will be available here as well.
Source: www.southernplate.com
No Bake Cereal Bars
2 cups sugar
2 cups corn syrup
1 jar (40 ounces) chunky peanut butter
6 cups Cheerios
6 cups crisp rice cereal
In a large saucepan, cook and stir sugar and corn syrup until the sugar is dissolved. Remove from heat. Add peanut butter; mix well. Stir in cereals. Spread quickly into two lightly greased 15-by-10-by-1-inch pans. Cut in bars while warm. Yield: about 10 dozen.
Source: www.tasteofhome.com
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Learn more about the Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in Visual Arts program format.
The 60 credit Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in Visual Arts program is designed to be completed in two years and comprises five 10-day residencies separated by four approximately six-month semesters of independent creative work and study.
While we are a low-residency program, our students are considered to be full-time students with all rights and privileges.
Entry into the program begins with one of the 10-day intensive residency periods that take place in January and June at our facilities. Here you will have the chance to show your work to the community and hear the responses it generate through group and individual critiques. You will participate in seminars in critical theory, aesthetics, art history, and professional practices; visit the area's great public art collections; and attend lectures, demonstrations, and presentations by visiting artists and the faculty.
Stuart Steck
Assistant Professor of Art History
Sunanda K Sanyal
Professor of Art History and Critical Studies
MFA in Visual Arts
Graduation Requirements
Student Work
Program Cost
Program of Study
Planning Sessions
Application Deadlines and Residency Dates
Frequently Asked Questions
Faculty, Student and Alumni Highlights
Alumni Stories
Visiting Artists
Graduate Admissions
Graduate Application Requirements
Graduate Tuition and Fees
Graduate Student Financial Aid
Academic Calendars
College of Art and Design
Academic Calendar
View Gallery of MFA in Visual Arts Alumni Artwork
The interdisciplinary focus of the MFA in Visual Arts program encourages students to explore the integration of a variety of visual arts media.
View Gallery of MFA in Visual Arts Faculty Artwork.
The MFA in Visual Arts program is led by internationally known faculty and mentors.


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University of Colorado Boulder officials are urging CU fans to show sportsmanship and take buses or carpool with a designated driver to the 2 p.m. Cinch Jeans Rocky Mountain Showdown football game on Saturday, Sept. 1.
"The Rocky Mountain Showdown with Colorado State University is a great opportunity to showcase our two universities," said CU-Boulder Chancellor Philip P. DiStefano. "It is also a chance to show the character of our respective student bodies and the spirit of our combined fans and alumni. Both President Frank of CSU and I want all our fans to show sportsmanship and embody the values of our two great universities."
Student leaders from CU-Boulder and CSU also are urging students to show school spirit in a respectful and responsible manner. "When our teams go head-to-head on Saturday, let's remember that while our schools compete both on and off the field, together we represent students of higher education and must act with sportsmanship and class," the student leaders said in a joint statement.
Students and all other fans should be aware that there will be a large contingent of uniformed and plain-clothes officers assigned to the event.
Officers will be directed to strictly enforce all applicable local and state laws and special attention will be focused on alcohol possession and consumption. Violators will be cited and/or arrested for violations and individuals found to be under the influence of alcohol that may pose a danger to themselves or others may be placed in a detoxification facility.
The names of all students cited, arrested and/or ejected from the property for any reason will be shared with the CU and CSU Offices of Student Conduct and students may face administrative sanctions upon their return to campus. Fans with concerns about behavior while at Sports Authority Field can text RESPECT plus the message to 78247 or call the Fan Behavior Hotline at 720-258-3850 on game days.
No kegs are allowed on any Sports Authority Field property, including all parking lots. Sports Authority Field staff will be in the parking lots and will seize any banned items, including kegs. Sports Authority Field staff may eject unruly patrons from the site, including parking lots, and may seize their event tickets.
Officials are asking fans to start entering the stadium at least an hour before kickoff in order to avoid a last-minute scramble to get into the stadium.
Free transportation is available for CU students traveling from Boulder to Denver for the game. Buff Buses will begin loading at the Coors Events Center at 10 a.m. and will be available for the first 800 students who arrive. Students will need to show their student IDs to board the buses and free parking will be available in lot 436. Students should board buses immediately following the game to return to Boulder.
Regional Transportation District, or RTD, buses also will provide transportation to and from the game from several Park-n-Rides. Buses will depart for the game starting about two-and-a-half hours before kickoff until about an hour before the game starts. Service will resume immediately following the game and will continue until 45 minutes after the game ends. For an RTD schedule visit http://www.rtd-denver.com/CUvsCSU.shtml.
The Buffs are hosting two events prior to the game to get people fired up for football season. On Thursday, Aug. 30, CU and the Boulder Chamber will host the 2012 Colorado Football Kickoff Luncheon. The program begins at noon at Balch Fieldhouse and tickets are available at CUBuffs.com/events.
On Friday, the first Pearl Street Stampede will take place with the traditional march down the Pearl Street Mall starting at 7 p.m. in front of the Boulder County Courthouse and concluding with a pep rally at 11th and Pearl.
For more information on the Rocky Mountain Showdown visit
For the Fan Code of Conduct enforced at Sports Authority Field at Mile High and regulations on what is allowed into the stadium visit http://www.sportsauthorityfieldatmilehigh.com/stadium_info/overview.
Malinda Miller-Huey, 303-492-3115


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Prices and availability are subject to change from the time and date that you print this page.
5/30/2017 7:31:16 AM. For Customer Service, please call 800.933.9904
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No hidden meaning behind this basket. It's just a practical, handmade rattan hamper that's great for keeping all your baby gear in one place. Its neutral grey color helps it match any décor.
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- Coordinates with our organic cotton liners (sold separately)
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Care instructions
- Wipe clean with a dry cloth
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text: Well mynAsok CC wil be here soon, so I will be able to get going on my suit so I am pretty psyched. Question is when do I cut out the section for the visor, before or after paint? Since its CC, that means that it won't need the base silver coat correct? I know that this has probably been covered a thousand times, but I just want to be sure because I want my painter to have all of the info to be able to do a good job.


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Movin' in the classroom
Citizen Staff Reports 10/06/12
Bon Secours Virginia Health System recently unveiled its "movin' mania" program – designed to address childhood obesity – at Montrose Elementary in Eastern Henrico, one of a number of local schools that will employ the program.
Bon Secours will donate $120,000 to 115 schools in Henrico, Hanover, Chesterfield and Richmond to fund SOL-compliant movin' mania Learnercise mats, which encourage learning while moving. Teachers will track students' physical activity on the mats at http://www.movinmania.com, where students can earn points for healthy choices and redeem them for prizes, such as sports equipment.
"Finding a way to integrate movement into the core curriculum daily is a challenge," said Dana Baldacci, principal of Montrose Elementary. "We are thrilled to partner with Bon Secours to give our teachers an additional resource to increase both academic achievement and fitness."
A place to excel
By Tom Lappas, Citizen Editor General News
It's no surprise when a business deal begins to take shape during a golf outing.
Perhaps less common is the business deal that percolates during a youth football practice. But such was the case for Varina District Supervisor Tyrone Nelson.
During a visit to former Varina High School football star Michael Robinson's football camp, Nelson was discussing with Robinson his excitement for the new Varina Library, whose opening last June was at that time forthcoming.
> Read more.
Perhaps less common is the business deal that percolates during a youth football practice. But such was the case for Varina District Supervisor Tyrone Nelson.
During a visit to former Varina High School football star Michael Robinson's football camp, Nelson was discussing with Robinson his excitement for the new Varina Library, whose opening last June was at that time forthcoming.
> Read more.
Business in brief
Citizen Staff Reports 05/22/2017 BusinessBusiness in Brief
Long & Foster Real Estate recently named Amy Enoch as the new manager of its Tuckahoe office. Enoch brings more than 15 years of real estate expertise to her new position, and she most recently led Long & Foster's Village of Midlothian office. Enoch has served in both sales and management positions during her tenure at Long & Foster. Prior to her real estate career, Enoch worked in information technology and hospitality. She is a graduate of Radford University, where she earned a Bachelor of Science degree in economics, English and history. Enoch has also received the designation of Graduate, Realtor Institute (GRI) from the National Association of Realtors, and this showcases her expertise in the fundamentals of real estate. > Read more.
Henrico recognized as a 2017 'Playful City USA' community
Citizen Staff Reports 05/21/2017 Features
A national nonprofit organization, KaBOOM!, has selected Henrico County as a 2017 Playful City USA community. The organization encourages communities to bring fun and balanced activities to children every day.
Henrico's selection is joined by the city of Richmond, town of Ashland, as well as the counties of Charles City, Chesterfield, Goochland, Hanover, New Kent and Powhatan. All of the localities make up the first region completely recognized through Playful City USA. > Read more.
Gallagher Foundation serves more than 14,000 teens in first year
Citizen Staff Reports 05/21/2017 FeaturesNon-Profits
In its first year, The Cameron K. Gallagher Foundation reached 14,000 teens through its programs from Spring 2016 to date. The foundation is dedicated to spreading positivity and erasing stigmas by educating and creating awareness on depression, anxiety and stress among teens. CKG delivers programs at schools, community events and its West End office.
"Students are in need of the information in the workshops, whether they know it or not, and they aren't getting it anywhere else," said Beth Curry, Director of Health and Wellness at The Steward School. > Read more.
Illegal voting in Virginia? Yes. Massive? Doubtful.
By Mary Lee Clark and Tyler Hammel, Capital News Service 05/20/2017 Government
For years, Republicans have loudly proclaimed that voter fraud is widespread in U.S. elections – and just as adamantly, Democrats have insisted that such allegations are nonsense.
Last fall, a pair of groups supported by conservatives released a report with the sensational title "Alien Invasion in Virginia: The discovery and coverup of noncitizen registration and voting." It said illegal voting is a "massive problem":
"In our small sample of just eight Virginia counties who responded to our public inspection requests, we found 1,046 aliens who registered to vote illegally," the study said. > Read more.
Illegal voting in Virginia? Yes. Massive? Doubtful.
Tuckahoe meeting May 24 to address opioid crisis
32 Wegman's Short Pump employees receive college tuition scholarships
Henrico's Top Teachers - 2017
Henrico's Top Teachers – Stephanie Poxon
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Print Edition
May. 18, 2017Current edition | Archive
Center for the Arts at Henrico H.S. to present 2017 Visual Art Senior Show
Weekend Top 10
Weekend Top 10
Restaurant Watch
Weekend Top 10
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Obituary – Harold Gary Beard
Obituary – Rose Marie F. Mathews
Obituaries – Doris Fern Cook
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New Active RVA certification recipient to be announced May 17
Anthem LemonAid opens registration for July 14-16
READ Center to hold free tutor training
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How to grow an adult
Make 'em take the pledge: no more snuff boxes!
Thanksgiving, Part II
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RIR to host Smithfield PWBA Tour Championship
RIR bringing back red stripes to track walls
Austin Dillon headlines Track Takeover at RIR
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|May 2017
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CalendarThe Henrico Theatre Company will present "The Cemetery Club" May 5-21 at The Cultural Arts Center at Glen Allen. This comedy by Ivan Menchell is about three Jewish widows who meet once a month for tea before going to visit their husbands' graves. All performances are at 8 p.m. except for Sunday matinees which are at 2:30 p.m. Reservations are recommended. Tickets are $10 for adults and $8 for seniors (55+) and students. For details, call 501-5859 or visit http://www.henrico.us/rec. Full text


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Hey there everyone, I'm sorta new here and i am looking for someone who has some fiberglass armor for boba. I don't necessarely mean who wants to sell it to me, but who you all know of who makes the armor. Thanks in advance.
p.s. - I've already tried searching and gotten no where.


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text: I froze the deep frames and am ready for a new year. Some frames have capped and uncapped honey. Some have loads of pollen. Is it a problem to put the frames into my remaining hives? No sign of disease the bees died off with no queen and it was so late that there were no drones to breed.


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Personalized Double Border Doormat
Select Color: Black
Select Size: Medium
- Exclusive
- Online Only
- Vendor Shipped
- Summary
Framed by a double border, our handsome mat is woven from sustainably harvested natural coir fibers – coconut husks flayed into extremely tough bristles that trap debris, absorb moisture and resist mildew.
- One medium mat makes use of approximately 75 coconut husks that would otherwise be discarded.
- Classic double-border design and personalization add a welcoming touch to the threshold.
- Rugged bristles absorb moisture, resist mildew and trap dirt.
- Sustainably harvested, renewable coir fibers are hand spun and tufted on hand looms.
- 100% biodegradable; may be composted after its usable life.
- For monogramming, specify up to 3 initials.
- For personalization with a name or address (maximum 2 lines); Medium, up to 8 characters per line; Large, up to 10 characters per line; Double Door, up to 11 characters per line; Semi-circle, up to 3 initial monogram only. (Character counts include spaces.)
- A Williams Sonoma exclusive.
- Dimensions & More Info
- Medium: 36" x 22"; 10 lb.
- Large: 48" x 30"; 19 lb.
- Double Door: 57" x 24"; 19 lb.
- Semicircular: 36" x 22"; 9 lb.
- 1 1/2" thick.
- Made in India.
- Use & Care
- To maintain the longevity of the mat, place in a sheltered area away from direct sunlight and excessive moisture.
- To clean mat, sweep or give it a brisk shake.
- Shipping
Shipping Information
This item will be shipped directly from the manufacturer and is not eligible for rush shipping. Please allow two to three weeks for delivery.
Shipping Rates
The shipping rate varies depending on your order total and shipping destination. View Shipping Options and Charges.
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At Williams Sonoma, we take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of our products. Attention to design, materials, safety and construction are our priority. Upon receipt, please inspect your purchase and notify us of any damage; we will arrange for a prompt replacement.
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Overview: Games like Mafia and Werewolf are great for players who like the psychological aspect of games, using deception and deduction to find the bad guys (or eliminate the good guys). But getting eliminated sucks: if you're the first to go, you may end up sitting out for an hour while the game finishes up before you get another chance. The Resistance (originally published in 2009) took the secret identity game but nixed the elimination, so everyone stays in the game — and it plays in about half an hour. Avalon, an upcoming sequel, shifts the stage from a dystopian sci-fi future to the world of Arthurian legend, and adds some new twists.
Players: 5 to 10
Ages: 13 and up
Playing Time: 30 minutes
Retail: $19.95 for The Resistance; $20 for Avalon on Kickstarter (with various reward levels)
Rating: Intense and nerve-wracking, in a good way.
Who Will Like It? If you enjoy games like Mafia and Werewolf, then you should definitely check out one version or the other. These are definitely games for people who like using deception and deduction, so they are not for people who will take accusations personally. You need a gaming group that can keep things "in the game." But if you enjoy tricking other people or figuring people out, The Resistance is excellent. Read on to learn how the games work, and the differences between the two versions.
Continue Reading "The Resistance: Dystopian Future and Arthurian Past" »


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Whenever I tell people I'm from Vancouver, I almost always get a smile and a reply along the lines of, "It's so beautiful there!" And it is—but there is more to it than that. I believe Vancouver is North America's most atypical city. The 27th largest metropolitan area in North America and one of our planet's youngest cities, Vancouver dishes up a wide range of attractions and activities, from whale-watching to powder skiing, para-sailing, nude beaches, and dim sum feasts. In one day here you can climb cliffs, deep-sea dive, comparison shop for Indian saris, and pick cranberries. The city has sexiness and it has drugs (God only knows what's inside all those freight containers passing through the harbor). The city has problems, but it also has solutions. And something about the place refuses to let globalization make it boring.
Vancouver is hemmed in on all sides—by the Pacific Ocean, the Coast Mountain range, and the border with the United States—so it can't build out. Instead, it builds in—and great architecture hasn't been a priority: Most of Vancouver's buildings are on the ugly side. Local developers tend to cheap out with the line, "Oh, but I wouldn't want to distract people from the wonderful views." Right. I bring this up because if you try to find Vancouver's soul in the downtown area, you probably won't. The city's soul is outside the center, in the surrounding oceanscapes, parks, mountains, beaches, glaciers, and sky. Pair this magnificent natural environment with the astonishing churn of global money that enters the city, and you have a funky, glitzy, outdoorsy, high-tech, prim, hippie, glass-covered kind of city.
People think Seattle and Vancouver must have some huge rivalry going because we're neighbors, but we have so little in common that rivalry seems dumb. Unlike Seattle, Vancouver lacks freeways, and because of this it lacks one core center; instead, it has over a dozen centers. And unlike Seattle, Vancouver doesn't really manufacture anything; it's a hub through which things come and go, things like software, movies, and raw timber harvested up north (along with whatever is inside those freight containers). Very little originates here. In Seattle, everyone pretty much agrees to speak English; in Vancouver, your language is your choice. Which dovetails with Vancouver's renown for great food: The city's variety of cuisines and restaurants is a byproduct of everybody maintaining their native language and traditions—Korean, Japanese, Indonesian, Thai—paired with a savvy populace who demand the best of abundant local vittles.
If one North American city were to become an independent city-state in the next century, forget Montreal or Miami or Quebec or San Francisco: Vancouver will be the first to make the break. Fifty years from now the auras of most cities will be pretty much the same as they are today. But this city by the ocean has yet to become what it will finally end up being. Indeed, if you haven't visited Vancouver lately, you haven't visited Vancouver.
Canadian author, artist, actor, and blogger DOUGLAS COUPLAND has lived in Vancouver since 1965. His many books include Generation X (1991), Life after God (1993), and the recent The Gum Thief (2007). His nonfiction books include City of Glass (2000), a conversational and photographic tour of the city of Vancouver.
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|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|16 Jun 1998
|Fecha de presentación
|10 Abr 1996
|Fecha de prioridad
|10 Abr 1996
|También publicado como
|Número de publicación
|Gary R. Heisler, Robert A. Van Wyk
|Cesionario original
|Linvatec Corporation
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citas de patentes (18), Citada por (26), Clasificaciones (5), Eventos legales (6)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to elongated, powered surgical instruments for use in endoscopic tissue resection. More particularly, the invention relates to an instrument having an elongated inner tube rotatably situated within an elongated stationary outer tube, both inner and outer tubes having cutting apertures at their distal ends which cooperate to resect or otherwise affect tissue during endoscopic surgical procedures.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The use of elongated surgical cutting or resection instruments has become well accepted in performing closed surgery such as arthroscopic or, more generally, endoscopic surgery. In closed surgery, access to the surgical site is gained via one or more portals, and instruments used in the surgical procedure must be elongated to permit the distal ends of the instruments to reach the surgical site. Surgical cutting instruments for use in closed surgery--also known as "shavers"--conventionally have a straight, elongated outer tubular member terminating at a distal end having an opening in the end or side wall (or both) to form a cutting port or window and a straight, elongated inner tubular member concentrically disposed in the outer tubular member and having a distal end disposed adjacent the opening in the distal end of the outer tubular member. The distal end of the inner tubular member also has a window opening having a surface or edge for engaging tissue via the opening in the outer tubular member and in many cases (but not all) cooperates with the outer opening to shear, cut or trim tissue. In some cases, such as burrs, the opening in the outer tube merely allows access to the tissue and does not otherwise cooperate with the inner window. The inner tubular member is rotatably driven about its axis from its proximal end, normally via a handpiece having a small electric motor which is controlled by finger actuated switches on the handpiece, a foot switch or switches on a console supplying power to the handpiece. The distal end of the inner tubular member can have various configurations depending upon the surgical procedure to be performed, and the opening in the distal end of the outer tubular member has a configuration to cooperate with the particular configuration of the distal end of the inner tubular member. The various configurations and combinations of inner and outer members produce assemblies, the individual and combined components of which are referred to generically as shaver blades or cutting blades. Resected tissue is aspirated through the hollow lumen of the inner tubular member to be collected via a vacuum tube communicating with the handpiece.
The aforementioned elongated surgical cutting instruments have also been produced in angled configurations in which the distal tips of the inner and outer members are aligned and offset or bent at either a fixed or variable angle from the proximal ends of the aligned inner and outer members. Examples of fixed and variable angle rotary surgical instruments are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,646,738 (Trott) and 5,411,514 (Fucci et al.), both assigned to the assignee hereof, and incorporated by reference herein. In other respects the operation of fixed and variable angle shavers is largely the same as that of the straight shavers described above.
Shaver blades are usually optimized for a particular surgical procedure or part thereof. Thus, during a procedure a surgeon may use shaver blades optimized for cutting soft tissue. If during the procedure it is necessary to resect harder tissue such as bone, the surgeon may either try to use the blade already in use or may switch to a shaver in the form of a burr or more aggressive blade. Usually the latter approach is chosen since the soft tissue blade will clog or lock-up when resecting bone. Cutting edges at the distal end of the inner tube cutting window do not have the low included angle geometry required for efficient bone resection. The high forces encountered when resecting bone tend to cause blade failure through deformation due to high torsional loads.
It would, therefore, be desirable and it is an object of this invention to produce a universal shaver blade more suitable for all types of tissue than prior art devices.
Additionally, it has been difficult to produce a practical design suitable for both side and end cutting while maintaining blade sharpness and strength. Consequently, prior art shaver blades are most often configured to produce one or the other, but usually not both. Side cutting shavers have side and end facing windows in the cylindrical wall of the outer member and the cutting edge on the inner member is designed to affect resection along the outer window rim which is on a line generally parallel or slightly inclined to the shaver axis. The term "side cutting" includes full radius resection instruments in which the plane of the outer window is angled relative to the axis. While the side facing cutters have windows which are partially end facing, they are not efficient as end cutters because the cutting edges at the distal ends of the inner and outer tube cutting windows both have large included angles. That is, the edge is not sharp enough so that resection at the distal end of the cutting window is accomplished essentially by a "pinching" action between the relatively flat inner tube edge and outer tube cutting edges passing by each other. Similarly, cutting instruments designed for end cutting are relatively inefficient as side cutters because the cutting edges at the sides of the inner and outer tube cutting windows both have large included angles. Tissue is resected in this region by the same "pinching" mechanism referred to previously. In certain cases resection efficiency has been somewhat improved by decreasing the wall thickness of the inner tube (thus making the flat edge narrower), the outer tube or both, either throughout the tube length or at the distal end radius only. Such tubes are, however, prone to deformation due to high torsional loads when the inner and outer cutting edges encounter tissues which are difficult to resect. Such deformation often results in lock-up of the shaver or metallic debris at the work site due to interference between inner tube and outer tube cutting edges.
A common goal of shaver blade production is sharpness. However, while this goal may be achieved in a variety of ways, to be truly practical the design of the blade and its method of manufacture must be adaptable to efficiently produce large volumes of shaver blades with sharp edges.
A known design (FIGS. 1-4) for improving blade efficiency is a shaver blade assembly having an outer window lying in a plane inclined to the blade axis (FIG. 1) and a dual-window inner member having inwardly facing cutting teeth (FIG. 2). The planar form of the outer window produces a teardrop window shape having a low included angle around the window periphery, although this angle is not uniform around the periphery. The dual-window form of the inner may be created by, for example, a wire EDM (electrical discharge machining) process in which the wire is passed transversely to the axis through diametrically opposed portions of the cylindrical wall of the inner member. The intersection of the cylindrical outer surface and the inwardly facing wall surface thus created defines the cutting edge. It will be understood that passing the wire through the opposed walls while keeping the wire at large radial distances from the tube axis can produce the scalloped pattern of parallel cutting edges shown in FIG. 2. As seen in FIG. 4, diametrically opposed windows are formed by shaping diametrically opposed sides of the inner member. The radially outermost edges of the periphery of the windows thus formed in the surface of the inner tube intersect with the cylindrical surface of the tube to form the longitudinally extending inner cutting edges with teeth. These edges have an included angle which decreases as the distance between the edge and the tube axis increases. The sharper this edge, the easier it is to cut tissue as these inner cutting edges rotate past the outer window periphery.
While the shaver blade described above is effective, the inner window formation limits the efficiency of the tissue resection at the distal tip and does little to enable the blade to resect hard tissue such as bone. The wall thickness at the distal tip of the outer enables the inner cutting edge to cut only tissue which can extend past this thickness and into the outer window. Because of the need or desire for a bearing contact between the distal tips of the inner and outer members (on the axis along the inner surface) and because of the rounded tip of the inner, this design is limited in its ability to do end cutting. For example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the distal tip of the prior art dual-window inner member is cut flat and is spaced from the axis. Moreover, the manufacture of a tip such as this is possibly more difficult than one would desire in a production environment.
It is accordingly an object of this invention to produce a rotating shaver blade capable of use as a side cutter and/or end cutter.
It is also an object of this invention to produce a rotating shaver blade in which the inner member has a dual cutting window configuration.
It is an additional object of this invention to produce a rotating shaver blade utilizing an inwardly facing portion of the cylindrical wall of an elongated tube to provide a cutting edge.
It is also an object of this invention to produce a rotating shaver blade capable of resecting soft tissue or hard tissue such as bone.
It is another object of this invention to produce an inner member for a shaver blade assembly, the inner member having a plurality of cutting edges at its distal tip and the cutting edges having low included angles.
It is also an object of this invention to produce such a shaver blade suitable for fixed and bendable shavers.
It is also an object of this invention to produce such a shaver blade which has a minimized tendency to seize or produce debris due to deformation of the inner or outer tube during use.
It is a further object of this invention to produce a shaver blade having a cutting edge which is resilient enough to flex in a stress-relieving manner when exposed to excessive resecting forces, thus minimizing any tendency to seize.
These and other objects of this invention are achieved by the preferred embodiment disclosed herein which is a surgical tissue resecting instrument comprising an elongated outer tubular member, having an axis, a distal end, a proximal end and an opening at the distal end and an elongated inner tubular member axially aligned within and adapted to move within the outer tubular member. The inner member has a cylindrical body with a distal end, a proximal end and a cutting means at the distal end for cutting tissue presented through the opening of the outer member. The cutting means comprises at least two diametrically opposed finger members extending longitudinally from the distal end of the inner tubular member, each of the finger members comprising a body having a proximal portion and a distal portion. The proximal portion of the fingers is longitudinally extending and joined to the cylindrical body of the inner tubular member. In the preferred embodiment this proximal portion subtends a predetermined arcuate distance of less than 180° and the distal portion is joined to the proximal portion. The distal portion transversely and longitudinally extends from the proximal portion and terminates at a point spaced a predetermined distance from the axis. Consequently, the distal tips of the fingers are spaced from each other thus enabling the fingers to flex radially in response to excessive forces to which they may be subjected during tissue resection.
In another aspect the invention is the method of forming a shaver blade from an elongated cylindrical tube having an axis, a predetermined outer diameter and a closed, rounded end. The method comprises the steps of shaping the distal tip of the tube by providing a shaping means for shaping the closed, rounded end of the tube. In a preferred embodiment, the shaping means has a length greater than the tube's diameter, a width less than the tube's diameter and the method further comprises the step of shaping the distal tip of the tube by aligning the shaping means transversely to the axis of the tube and passing it axially through the distal tip of the tube. The shaping means is then moved proximally along a first predetermined contour, to a proximal area on the tube, and then along a second predetermined contour, symmetrical to the first predetermined contour, back to the point of entry.
In yet another aspect, the invention is the method of resecting tissue with a surgical shaver blade assembly having an elongated inner tubular member rotatably situated within an elongated outer tubular member. This method comprises the steps of providing a window at the distal end of the outer tubular member and providing at least one pair of diametrically opposed fingers at the distal end of the inner tubular member, the fingers having laterally facing cutting edges. The method further comprises the steps of rotating the inner tubular member relative to the outer to resect tissue and enabling the fingers to flex radially in response to forces imposed on them during resection.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the distal tip of an outer member of a prior art shaver blade assembly.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a dual-window inner member for use with the outer member shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is an end view of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the distal tip of an inner member of a shaver blade assembly constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention.
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is an end view of FIG. 6.
FIG. 8 is a front perspective view of FIG. 7.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of FIG. 5 taken along the line 9--9.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of FIG. 5 taken along the line 10--10.
FIG. 11 is a plan view of an alternate embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 12 is a side elevational view of FIG. 11.
FIG. 13 is an end view of FIG. 12.
FIG. 14 is a front perspective view of FIG. 13.
FIG. 15 is a view of the distal tip of a shaver blade assembly formed by the combination of the inner member shown in FIGS. 5 through 8 assembled with a representative outer member.
FIG. 16 is an end view of FIG. 15.
FIG. 17 is a view of FIG. 15 showing the position of the components in a different stage of operation.
FIG. 18 is an end view of FIG. 17.
FIG. 19 is a sectional view of FIG. 17 taken along the line 19--19.
FIG. 20 is a sectional view of FIG. 17 taken along the line 20--20.
FIG. 21 is a sectional view of FIG. 17 taken along the line 21--21.
FIG. 22 is a sectional view of FIG. 17 taken along the line 22--22.
A detailed view of the distal tip of an inner member 14, constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention, is shown in FIGS. 5 through 8. It will be understood that the blade is shown removed from an associated outer tube with which it must be assembled to produce a shaver blade assembly for proper use. The distal tip of inner member 14 is provided with a pair of diametrically opposed, transversely arcuate fingers 20 and 22 which define an open, side and end-facing space 24 between them. Fingers 20 and 22 are symmetrical about axis 26 and are, in the preferred embodiment, integrally formed with the cylindrical body of inner member 14 and extend from the body a length L. Because of their symmetrical nature, references to one finger herein will be understood to apply to the other. The outer surface 28 of each finger is an arcuate continuation of the cylindrical outer surface of the inner member. Similarly, the inner surface 29 of each finger is an arcuate continuation of the inner surface of the inner member. The radially inwardly facing surfaces 30 and 32 of fingers 20 and 22, respectively, are also symmetrical and face each other across an imaginary axial plane intersecting axis 26. Surfaces 30 and 32 abut each other on the axis at the proximal end of space 24 and form, in effect, one continuous surface around the space although for ease of explanation it is assumed herein that each finger has a separate surface. The intersection of these surfaces 30 and 32 with the external cylindrical surface 34 of the inner member defines cutting edges 36 and 38, respectively. Each edge 36 and 38 has a curvilinear U-shaped profile (when viewed laterally as in FIG. 6) having a pair of longitudinally extending edges, the distal ends of which are joined by a transversely and longitudinally extending distal edge. Thus, as best seen in FIG. 6, finger 20 carries a top longitudinal edge 39, a bottom longitudinal edge 40 and a distal edge 41. Similarly, finger 22 carries a top longitudinal edge 42, a bottom longitudinal edge 43 and a distal edge 44. The longitudinal edges lie along the proximal, side-facing portion of each finger body while the distal edges lie along the end-facing, distal portion of the body. While the longitudinal edges generally face laterally to the axis to resect tissue as the blade rotates, the distal edges have a transversely facing component near the axis to resect tissue as the blade is axially pushed against it. As will be understood below, the distal edges are separated from each other by a distal end slot 60.
The contour of edges 36 and 38 is such that the included angle varies along their lengths and gets smaller at the distal tip. It will be understood that because of the dual-window configuration, as the inner blade rotates within the outer, only one finger and one of its corresponding edges will be active to resect tissue at any one time. Each finger has a proximal end 45 and a distal end 46 and each part of the fingers subtends a different arcuate distance relative to axis 26 depending upon its position along the length of inner blade 14 (as seen in FIGS. 9 and 10). Thus, in a plane transverse to the axis, the arcuate distance subtended by the proximal portion 45 is greater than that subtended by an intermediate portion 48. As best seen in FIG. 6, each finger has a contoured pinching "hour glass" profile having its most narrow portions at area 48 and adjacent the distal tips 50 and 52 of the fingers. The large size of the proximal portion 45 provides strength and support for the relatively smaller distal tip.
The invention includes the method of shaping a cylindrical tube to form a shaver blade. It will be understood that each finger 20, 22 may be formed at the distal tip of an inner tube having a closed, rounded end. While a variety of shaping means may be used, in the preferred embodiment a shaping means such as a wire-like member is used in the form of a wire EDM (electrical discharge machining) process or the like. In such a process the wire follows a predetermined contour (preferably programmed on a computer numerical control (CNC) machine) through diametrically opposed cylindrical wall portions of blade 14 in a direction transverse to axis 26 and perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 5. This enables a single wire to simultaneously form finger 20 and both of its longitudinal edges 39 and 40 and its distal edge 41, as best seen in FIG. 7. Continuing motion of the wire can simultaneously produce edges 42, 43 and 44 on finger 22. The intersection of the cylindrical wall of the inner member 14 with the wire creates surfaces 30 and 32 within the thickness of the wall and the intersection of these surfaces with the outer cylindrical surface of inner member 14 defines the included angle without any additional machining operation. As seen in sectional views of FIGS. 9 and 10, the body of each finger has at its opposite sides an included angle which varies depending upon the particular position on the finger at which the measurement is taken. Also, because of the generally hemispherical shape of the outer surface of the distal tip of the inner member 14, the finger formation process produces curved, sharpened distal edges 41 and 44, best seen in FIG. 7. It is noted that these distal edges of each finger are tapered to a point as viewed in FIG. 5, thus creating a sharper edge for endwise resection. All points of surfaces 30 and 32 lie in a common contour 80 which may have a variety of profiles when viewed as a projection on a plane normal to the axial plane between the fingers. In the preferred embodiment, contour 80 follows the curvilinear shape of space 24 defined by surfaces 30 and 32 as shown in FIGS. 5, 7 and 8. While in the preferred embodiment all the points in the surfaces lie on contour 80, it will be understood that the shape of surfaces 30 and 32 could be varied to be contoured, i.e. something other than parallel to the axial plane.
The dual-window structure of inner member 14 may be thought of as having one window above axis 26 as viewed in FIGS. 6 and 7 and another window below the axis. The curvilinear window periphery has edges of differing included angles. Producing the cutting windows by machining the cylindrical inner tube through both walls of the inner tubular member from a point between the axis and the tube wall, and at a relatively large distance from the axial plane, produces low included angle cutting edges at the intersection of the opening with the tube side-wall and distal tip outer surfaces. The cutting windows are joined at the distal tip thereby producing a distal end slot 60 having adjacent finger ends with low included angle cutting edges (best seen in FIGS. 5 and 9). Since the inner tube is sized to be rotatably received within an outer tube with little annular clearance (shown in FIG. 15), the creation of distal slot 60 does not adversely affect shaver blade performance. While there is no axial bearing contact between the inner and outer members, the area around distal tips 50 and 52 is transversely extending and sufficiently large to provide adequate bearing contact between the inner and outer members. As best seen in the end view shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the inner and outer members 102 and 14 overlap in the area of axis 26 in order to create a bearing contact area along a predetermined part of the proximally facing inner surface of the outer member and the transversely extending outer surface of the inner member.
Rotation of the inner tubular member relative to the outer tubular member, as will be understood below, causes tissue resection through a shearing or scissoring action as the cutting edges of the inner and outer windows are brought into proximity. The low included angle of the periphery of the fingers and the distal end slot 60 cooperate to produce efficient endwise tissue resection allowing use of a single shaver for end cutting, side cutting and resection of bone as well as soft tissue. An excessive increase in cutting forces due to tissue toughness or dulling of the cutting edges which may cause prior art inner tubes to seize wills because of the resiliency of the fingers and distal end slot 60, cause the fingers to flex radially inwardly away from the interior of the outer tube thereby preventing interference between the distal ends of the inner tube and outer tubes and enabling continued rotation of the inner tube.
In certain cases, as when cutting extremely soft or resilient tissue, resection may be difficult because the scissoring action referred to above may tend to eject the tissue from the cutting windows. An alternative embodiment of the distal tip of an inner member 60 is shown in FIGS. 11 through 14 to minimize this. Inner member 60 is identical to inner member 14 except that the fingers 62 and 64 are provided with teeth 66 along portions of their periphery. Furthermore, while the teeth along finger 62 are symmetrical to their counterparts on finger 64, the profile of the teeth varies as a function of their longitudinal position. Thus, referring for simplicity to only the teeth on one edge of finger 62, the proximal-most tooth 70 has a wider base than adjacent tooth 72 and the bases of teeth 74, 76 and 78 get progressively narrower toward the distal tip. The teeth may be irregularly shaped along the rim of the cutting edge in order to optimize the tip rake angle and root rake angle at each tooth position. Since each tooth varies in lateral position from the center line, the previously discussed wire EDM formation process easily produces varying included angles in different teeth.
The use of the invention is explained by reference to FIG. 15 showing the distal tip of a shaver blade assembly 100 comprising an elongated outer tube 102 assembled with an elongated inner tube 14 rotatably situated within its interior and more particularly described in FIGS. 5 through 8. The proximal ends of the inner and outer tubes are conventional and do not form any part of this invention. A representative description of the proximal ends of shaver blade assembly 10 may be had by reference to U.S. Pat. No. 5,411,514 (Fucci et al.), assigned to the assignee hereof and incorporated by reference herein. Outer tube 102 is provided at its distal end with a window 120 having a peripheral edge 122 entirely surrounded by an angled land surface 124. The edge of outer window 120 is considered sharpened since land 124 lies at an angle A relative to the axis 126 of the tube as more particularly described in a co-pending patent application directed to this particular structure, assigned to the assignee hereof and incorporated by reference herein.
It will also be noted that the cutting windows of the inner member face not only endwise as shown in FIG. 16 but laterally as shown in FIG. 15. That is, at any given point during the rotary motion of the inner member in a given direction the particular inner edge which is active at the time, for example edge 38, will intersect the outer edge 122 at two points: a point 140 along the laterally facing portion of window 20 (FIG. 15) and a point 150 along the end facing portion of the blade as shown in FIG. 16. The trailing edge will be understood to be inactive since it will face in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation. Furthermore, the active edge will intersect outer edge 122 of the outer member at varying angles depending upon the position of the inner member. Thus, as shown in FIG. 15, at a given point in time edge 38 intersects edge 122 at points 140 and 150 while at a subsequent time, as the inner member rotates within the outer member, edge 38 intersects edge 122 at points 142 and 152 shown in FIG. 17. The angles between the edges at these points vary and the variation in this angle of attack facilitates the cooperative shearing action of the two cutting edges 38 and 122 along the periphery of outer window 120.
A representative set of cross-sections of the inner and outer windows is shown in FIGS. 19 through 22. The various views are taken along the respectively numbered lines in FIG. 17, although only the portions of the tubes immediately adjacent the edges are shown. It will be noted that the included angles of inner and outer edges at the points represented by FIGS. 19 and 20 are relatively sharp although the sharpness is greater at the point represented by FIG. 21. The point represented by FIG. 22 is approximately the same as point 150, thus demonstrating that the present invention provides a device capable of sharp edges on end facing cuts.
While the preferred embodiment disclosed herein utilizes two diametrically opposed fingers, a greater number of fingers could easily be utilized within the scope of the invention. Additionally, the fingers may be formed separately from the body of the inner member and subsequently attached. Also, the fingers need not necessarily have arcuate outer surfaces aligned with the cylindrical outer surface of the inner member. Another configuration may employ a rotatable shaft having affixed to one end a cutting tip in the form of the fingers.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that numerous improvements and modifications may be made to the preferred embodiment of the invention disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
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|Fully integrated, disposable tissue visualization device
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|Expandable spinal fusion cage
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|Instruments and methods for stabilization of bony structures
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|Clasificación de EE.UU.
|606/180, 606/170
|Clasificación internacional
|Clasificación cooperativa
|Clasificación europea
|10 Abr 1996
Owner name: BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB COMPANY, NEW YORK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HEISLER, GARY R.;VAN WYK, ROBERT A.;REEL/FRAME:007953/0401
Effective date: 19960410
|14 Oct 1997
Owner name: LINVATEC CORPORATION, FLORIDA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:008753/0215
Effective date: 19971003
|28 Sep 2001
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Year of fee payment: 4
|1 Ago 2003
Owner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, TEXA
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LINVATEC CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:014327/0097
Effective date: 20020828
|23 Nov 2005
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text:
Hi Guys,
I've added a single, vertical wooden slat to re-inforce the comb on one iteration of my top bars. It worked great. Comb could be handled with one hand as the bottom of the slate could support the comb/top bar. And the vertical support almost eliminates any side sway in the comb when the top bar is kept in its natural plane.
I initially thought that the slat divided the broodnest, with drone comb on one side and worker comb on the other. But I've seen the same structure in other hives without the slat. So I don't think it interfers very much with the broodnest.
Although, the comb reinforcements assist normal comb handling, they didn't prevent comb failure in my tbh disaster. Since then, 've changed how I manage my tbhs in hot weather by blocking up the cover. And I've changed the hive entrance from the end to the side of the hive. No comb has failed since these changes were made, even in my latest top bar hive, with it much larger comb, without any reinforcements.
I've returned to a standard type top bar. I like its simplicity. The bars are easy to make, store and maintain.


text:
Have you ever dropped your lunch tray, fallen while running up the school steps or blurted out the wrong answer to a teacher's question? Did it feel as if the entire student body was staring at you? Imagine being stared at everywhere you go, every day of your life. That is what it is like for August Pullman, the main character in Wonder, by R.J. Palacio.
August, who goes by the name Auggie, was born with a misshapen face that has required many surgeries in his 10 years of life. After being homeschooled his entire life, he starts fifth grade at a local school. It isn't easy being the new kid, especially since Auggie looks different from everybody else.
Wonder is R.J. Palacio's first book. The author talked to TFK about how she came up with the idea for the story and how writing Wonder has changed her.
How did you come up with the idea for Wonder?
About five years ago, I found myself sitting next to a little girl who had a severe facial difference. It was the way I reacted and my kids reacted that made me started thinking [about] what life must be like for that that family, for that little girl. That really got me thinking about what life must be like for someone who lives with a facial difference.
You have worked as a book jacket designer for many years. When did you decide to become a writer?
You know what? I always wanted to be a writer, but I never found the time to write. When this incident happened five years ago, I made the time to write. I'm a mom, I have two kids and I have a full time job. The only time I have to write is in the middle of the night, so I established a routine. I would get up at midnight and write until 3:00 in the morning.
How did you come up with the details for August's face?
They were based on what I remembered [about] this little girl's face. Then I did some research on facial differences and realized that what the little girl had was something called Treacher-Collins syndrome. I combined it with a mysterious syndrome that caused him to look the way he looks.
Did writing this book change the way you feel about people with differences?
It made me realize that talking to people is better than running away or not talking to them at all or pretending that you don't see them. I didn't do that that day with the little girl because I was afraid that my son would cry and her mother would be upset so we just left.
Did you ever feel left out when you were younger?
Sure, absolutely. I think we all go through times when we feel like the outsider or not in the popular group, whatever that means. I can't say that I was ever picked on or bullied, but there were moments when I felt that I wasn't part of the crowd.
Did you write a lot when you were younger?
I wrote all the time, and I wrote as much as I could. I had a lot of stories in me. I loved to write and draw, and I wanted to write a book and draw for it.
Do you plan on writing more books?
Yes! That is an easy one!
If you could pick any actor to play August in a movie, whom would you choose?
That is really tough. I hope that if there were a movie, they would hire a kid who does have a facial difference. But that would be pretty brave of them to do. But that is my hope—that it wouldn't be just an actor that they would put makeup on.


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|On Your Toes: Madame Alexander keeps dance fans cheering with their ballet beauties and cuties.
Available to collectors in August, the ABT version of Sylvia is gorgeous and eye-catching. The costuming is painstakingly spot-on.
When I was a very young girl, I loved the ballet. My family, which was not very big on the notion of formal extracurricular activities, knew that I loved to dance, but they didn't mentor that drive. I vividly remember showing off my self-invented twirls and "en pointe" pirouettes in my home's garage. Warning to all kids at home: don't attempt several quick, tiptoed spins on a concrete-slab surface! I lost my balance, was dizzy from the twirling, and fell face-first onto the garage floor. I was bruised and battered, and I knew in my eight-year-old soul that this wouldn't have happened if I had had a barre to hold on to.
About seven years later, when I was a teen, I became aware of the American Ballet Theater, which had a long season at Lincoln Center. With my babysitting money, I bought a token for the subway and a ticket for myself. I was in heaven! Soon my ABT visits were shared by my sister, my mother, and various friends. It was incredible to sit in the partial-view boxes of the theater and see the majesty of the world's greatest troupe of dancers and their invited guests. And, yes, the view was partial, but that only meant an extreme-right or extreme-left staging was not clearly seen.
So, I have a soft spot for the ballet and ballerinas. I enrolled my daughter in classes when she was a toddler, but it wasn't a good mesh. She'd rather be tumbling and kicking—showing an early flair for MMA (mixed martial arts) than the ABT. My nephew's little daughter shows the promise of a future prima ballerina. She's always up on her toes and pirouetting around the family's living room, and she's just been enrolled in dance class. As a three-year-old, she's slightly awkward, but she actually has a lot of dramatic flair.
Apparently, the troupe of women who either wish they could have been part of a corps de ballet or actually did enjoy some heady moments in the spotlight must be quite large. When you look at the number of ballet dolls that are available, it is impressive. Among the most desirable ballerina interpretations are the creations from Madame Alexander (http://www.madamealexander.com/category/341811/COLLECTIBLE.) And amid their tulle-tutu, silk-bodiced dancers are the very lovely American Ballet Theater replicas and the graceful rodent Angelina Ballerina—which proves that lithe limbs and agile actions aren't confined to the human species!
The passion, the power, and the pageantry of the ballet pulsates through their ABT line of dolls. The heroines of the classic tales are meticulously manufactured, and their costumes are true works of art. For 2013, the character of Sylvia from the ballet "Sylvia" is joining their lyrical lineup. Limited to 300 pieces, the 10-inch Cissette doll is fully articulated and fully articulate in expressing the majesty of movement. I saw a sample of her at Toy Fair, and she is breathtaking. She'll be available to own in August, but Alexander is taking pre-orders now. She's a wonder to behold.
Not as comely, of course, but just as well-executed are the Angelina Ballerina dolls from Alexander. The aspiring dancer doll, which is the most popular licensed product in Alexander's arsenal, is based upon the children's-book favorite written by Katharine Holabird and illustrated by Helen Craig. The mouse's antics unwind in a provincial British town known as Chipping Cheddar. The tiny heroine dreams of a career in the spotlight, and she is tutored by the formidable and talented Miss Lilly. Interestingly, the book series, which numbers close to two dozen, also has wide popularity as an animated TV show. In the cartoon, which airs on PBS, the voice of Angelina is provided by English actress Finty Williams; her dance mistress's dialogue is spoken by the venerable screen and stage veteran, Dame Judi Dench (who is Williams's real-life mum). There's a lot of pedigree and pageantry in the presentation that takes place in a fictional version of Merry Olde England. The dreamy mouse character, who yearns to be a successful star in the dance world, has legions of fans among picture book readers, TV viewers, and little kids everywhere who are practicing their pliés and jetés.
I am certain that my great-niece (yikes, when did I get so old) is an admirer of Angelina Ballerina. As a beginning ballerina herself, little Madeline is up to the challenge and up on her toes. Alexander wisely offers the beloved mouse heroine in her various dancing costumes as well as in her off-hours outfits: practice clothes and bedtime get-up, too!
It's heartwarming to know that all aspects of the ballet world are focused upon by the talented design team and artists at Alexander. They make the translation of Angelina and the ABT dancers as easy as A, B, C!
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Comments (3)
Yes, Sheila, I am one and the same! Thank you for the great compliment. I work in true crime and in the doll-and-teddy-bear world. It keeps me sane! I get to balance the best of humanity (artists and their inspiration) with some of the worst escapades of really naughty guys and gals. What a small world! Check out all my blogs--I'm lucky to be a part of DOLLS and TEDDY BEAR & FRIENDS for many years.
As an ex professional ballet dancer and doll collector myself I have always tried to avoid Ballet related dolls but people always seemed to think I would like them so, since the 1975 Ballerina Barbie and Cara dolls (and also Sindy as I grew up in Europe) I have had my fair share of them... and put them at the back of my collection until recently. Those Mme Alexander dolls are really beautiful and I do like the fact that they are trying to re-create the original costumes instead of making a something that kind-of resembles something a ballerina would wear (most of Mattel`s costumes and hairstyles for ballerina dolls are completely wrong) but here I have to moan about the shoes tied up to the knees and ribbons sticking out... do designers actually go to see even a ballet class? no ballerina would be caught dead wearing those in a studio or on stage... sorry about that... but I have to say, as collector dolls those get my vote (but I would correct the ribbon ties situation)
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The Jones Publishing Lifetime Achievement Award is bestowed upon one recipient per year. This award was created in 2002 in conjunction with the 100th anniversary of the introduction of the teddy bear, with the first recipient being Steiff, a German-based plush toy company known for its high quality and prices.
The Lifetime Achievement recipient must be or have been involved in some aspect of the doll and/or teddy bear field for a minimum of 25 years. The recipient may be an individual, partnership, corporation, company, author, artist, marketer, historian or any other industry professional. Lifetime Achievement Award nominations may be made by previous recipients or members of the LAA committee.
To qualify as a nominee, entrants must meet the following criteria:
The Lifetime Achievement Award has been presented to the following individuals and companies since its inception:
2002 Steiff
2003 Hildegard Gunzel
2004 Alexander Doll Company
2005 R. John Wright
2006 Wendy Lawton
2007 Virginia Turner
2008 Toy Shoppe
2010 Helen Kish
2012 Maggie Iacono
2013 Heidi Plusczok
2014 Jack Johnston
2015 Kaye Wiggs
2016 Robert Tonner
One World Holdings, Inc. and Tonner Doll Company, Inc., announced Dec. 3, 2015, that their Boards of Directors have approved a definitive agreement for One World Holdings' subsidiary, The One World Doll Project, to merge with Tonner Doll. The agreement was entered into Dec. 2. Following the closing of the merger, the combined business will change its name to Tonner One World.
The 2015 DOLLS Awards of Excellence Industry's Choice winners (DAEs, also called the Diamond Awards) were announced at the International Doll & Teddy Bear Show in Asheville, N.C., June 6. The Industry's Choice winners will go on to become the nominee's in the Public's Choice voting, set to begin in late June.
Without further ado, here are the winners of this year's Industry's Choice Diamond Awards!
August 8, 2014 - Blackall Associates Inc. is proud to announce the winner of its Summer Heat Photo Contest. The contest drew entries from around the world. Masterpiece Doll collectors sent in a special photo showing how their Masterpiece Dolls were enjoying the summer heat.
You haven't seen a toy show until you've seen this one. Six buildings! Over six hundred exhibitors! Exclusively toys and dolls and children's playthings on display everywhere! This is the show everyone always says they intend to visit, and now is the time to do just that. Collectors say the Chicago Toy Show really is the largest in the entire world. They are correct. Collectors say they find toys at this show that are never seen anywhere else. Correct again.


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Still dark but Jai decides that it is a good time to start baking as she is on cake detail for tonights party. Jai actually sold 10 currant buns to a neighbout last night for just over 1GBP and the same lady may be in the market for a birthday cake later.
An announcement comes over the village PA system and Jai heads off with one of her sisters to complete yet more paperwork on the off chance of gewtting some money back on her rice.
Go to George's for partytime at about 16:00 and meet another Engligh guy from a neighbouring village, John, who is joining us tonight. Other farangs include Alvin from USA and Gerry from Switzerland. Manage to get in a phone call to Um at Carols before the drink takes charge. We all drink lots of beer and I sing lots of Karaoke, honestly, couldnt get the microphone off me. I offered to sing something if they could find something in English, someone shouted what about Led Zeppelin and efore you knew it a near perfect rendition of Stairway To Heaven was splitting the village night sky complete with an excellent - even if I do say so myself - air guitar solo !!!!


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Once the regular seasonn starts, I'm sure this portion of our boards will liven up.....but I fully support out mods when it comes to crossing the line.
Once the regular seasonn starts, I'm sure this portion of our boards will liven up.....but I fully support out mods when it comes to crossing the line.
I stopped fighting my inner demons. We're on the same side now.
Make no mistake. Many people were given repeated warnings, both directly, and in pinned threads. When someone comes in here acting like a complete tool from the get go, and with no regard for the rules(which they agreed to abide by when they registered), they don't deserve a warning, and will not get one. This is the problem we frequently encounter with opposing fans. They don't understand that we can't allow disgusting, profane content. Its a football message board, where football is the focus. If someone wants non-stop personal attack trash talk, there are plenty of other options. Google is a good place to start the search. I've never been to the Eagles' board, nor do I want to go there, but from what I've heard, it sounds like their fans are running the show, which speaks volumes about the kind of content they must be allowing.
The Giants' Front Office wants the board to be suitable for all audiences. They own them, they paid for them, and they entrust us to keep things in check. The forum description clearly states FOOTBALL SMACK, and anyone who can't respect that doesn't need to be here. Not every opposing fan who was banned was hit without warning. I've banned a grand total of 4 people since I've been here, and 2 of them were Giants fans who were warned at least half a dozen times for bad behavior. For some people, warnings are just a speed bump that only slow them down temporarily, and they get right back up to speed when they return. In that case, our hands are tied, and they're eventually gone for good.