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'FUCK IT ALL' Crop Tee
Sold Out
'Fuck Everything' Vintage Tee
Cropped to perfection for wearing with your high waisted denim and cutoffs
Faded Grey - Printed with a multitude of 'Don't Give A Fucks' for your reading enjoyment
Condition: Good, soft and worn. Sleeve openings were ripped off to make it a tank.
Fits like a: Small to Large - loose fit
Chest: 25"
Length: 17.5"
We do not accept vintage returns, all sales are final.
We do our very best to accurately describe these items, and often can't do them justice with just how sweet they are, but please be certain about your purchases! If you have any questions ahead of purchasing, please feel free to email us at firstname.lastname@example.com ... however to forward you ... our vintage does tend to fly out the door!
- Vintage tees are hand picked and hand printed to order, please be aware that they can take 10-15 business days in production, this is not including shipping
- New tees are printed and shipped out within 5 business days
- Once your order is packed and ready to ship you will receive a "fulfillment notification" email
- We ship worldwide from Vancouver, Canada. If you have selected the Standard shipping option (no tracking) please see below for estimated arrival times
Estimated Shipping Times:
Canada: 5-8 business days
USA: 5-8 business days
International: 10-15 business days
- Estimated Shipping Times:
- Our vintage t-shirts are authentic vintage pieces from the 60's-80's. They come in all different shapes & sizes, just like an old tour tee would. They are damaged, some more than others, and are each unique in their wear, size, fit, and condition
- Our vintage t-shirts are unisex and follow the same sizing regulations as our new t-shirts, however they all fit differently
- If you have any specifications about your vintage tee, please leave notes in the comment section at checkout. We will try our very best to make your requests, but because of the nature of the items can't cross our hearts!
Returns & Exchanges
- We want all of our customers to be stoked on their new goods! We accept returns or exchanges for any unworn/unwashed merchandise within 30 days of the original shipping date for a new item, refund to the original form of payment, or store credit
- We will cover the return shipping cost if the return is a result of our mistake (wrong item etc.) however the buyer must pay for shipping as a result of swapping sizes, designs and so on
- Before shipping return merchandise please email email@example.com with reason for return. We will then provide you with the instructions to return or exchange your times
*For all other inquiries use the "Contact Us" tab on the right side of the website, or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
We want you to be satisfied with your new digs! You can return or exchange any unworn, unwashed or defective merchandise within 14 days of the shipping date for a new tee, refund to the original form of payment, or store credit.
Shipping Your Returns and Exchanges
Before shipping merchandise back to us please ensure to email firstname.lastname@example.com with your reason, and order number included therein. We will then provide you with the instructions to follow to return or exchange your times.
Shipping Purchases
Bad Seed tees are one of a kind hand picked shirts and can take 10-15 days to ship out. We use standard shipping methods which usually take between 8-10 business days within North America, and 2-3 weeks overseas, or longer depending on International locations such as Asia-Pac, Australia, and New Zealand.
If for some reason you need your merchandise delivered ASAP, send us a note and we can have it expedited to you, and help you as best as possible.
*For all other inquiries use the "Contact Us" tab on the right side of the website, or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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How Stateline Flooding Could Affect Fourth Of July Boating
Stateliner Frederick
Heuser just took his bout out in the
Heuser says "it took to go up one mile up the river almost two hours, two and a half hours. I got back in a half hour. It's terrible on the river right now."
Sheriff Richard Meyers of Winnebago County says "no was it has to be you know the boats have to go very slow where you're not creating that wake behind you and other words you can't come up to full speed. And plain out it's very slow moving."
The water levels may not start to recede until July 3rd. But the no wake ordinance will likely still be in affect on the river for the Fourth of July.
This could be a problem for Stateliners who plan on taking their boats out on Independence Day.
Sheriff Meyers says "there is a lot of people who love to use the river over the fourth. They come down for the fireworks and we understand that. But the reality is boater safety of the upmost concern more than anything else."
Heuser says after his boating experience today, his Fourth Of July Plans are changing.
Heuser says "I guess I am not going to take it out there that's for sure. Unless I have a big motor. I'm probably going to sit at the shore."
Sheriff Meyers says "the river is always dangerous in it of itself, but when you add flooding conditions, it becomes that much more dangerous."
More Stories
Police continue to investigate a fatal shooting in Loves Park on…
Millions took to the streets to demand she step down. A top court…
The First Warn Weatherisk remains Moderate Monday night into Tuesday…

subset: commoncrawl


text: According to the 2012 catalog, Para does not have a P-14 .40. It does have a P-16 .40 though. The P-14 .40 may be an older model, but currently, the P-14 is a .45. As far as carryability, the P series is a full size 1911 and may be thinner, but it is longer than an XD and is all metal vs the polymer XD so there would be a major weight difference. Quality wise it would be a good trade leaning toward you, though both are good guns. Sorry, but I don't know even what I would do there.


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The official video for Justin Timberlake's single "Suit & Tie" has debuted. The black and white clip was directed by David Fincher (Fight Club, Seven), with costumes by fashion designer/director Tom Ford. You can see the video below:
Alice In Chains has revealed their new album is titled The Devil Put Dinosaurs Here. The record is due out in May. The single "Hollow" has been climbing the Rock radio charts as of late. AIC will be on the road this April and May, playing a number of festivals and headlining dates.
Rapper Lil Wayne is taking heat for some offensive lyrics in a remix of Future's "Karate Chop." Epic Records stated it is going to "great efforts" to remove the unofficial remix that was leaked online. The lyrics refer to Emmett Till, a 14-year-old boy in Mississippi in 1955, who allegedly whistled at a white woman, which led to his brutal murder. The Till family was so offended by the lyrics that Rev. Jesse Jackson stepped in and contacted Wayne's management, The Blueprint Group, on their behalf. Epic CEO L.A. Reid said in a statement today, "Out of respect for the legacy of Emmett Till and his family and the support of the Reverend Jesse L. Jackson, Sr. ... we are going through great efforts to take down the unauthorized version." Epic will release an official version that "will not include such references."
"Black Sabbath don't write songs that you hear on the radio. We write musical pieces," says Ozzy Osbourne in a new video promoting the group's upcoming release. For the first time in 35 years, Osbourne is back with Sabbath on their album 13, due in June. But don't expect to hear the same sound that you're used to, Sabbath is expected to go back to their roots from their debut album in 1970, with heavy blues inflections. Producer Rick Rubin played them their first album and said to the band, "Forget heavy metal this is what I want the vibe to be. This is the direction. Dont copy it, but keep it in mind. Play it like a live gig." Osbourne described the angle of 13, "We originally were a jazz-blues band... On the first album, it was very bluesy, very jammy, and thats what Rick wanted..." Rage Against the Machine drummer Brad Wilk will be playing percussion in lieu of original percussionist Bill Ward. Confirmed song titles include "God Is Dead," "Epic," "End of the Beginning" and "Age of Reason." You can see the video teaser below:
Radiohead bassist Collin Greenwood has revealed the band will reconvene in September to begin work on a new album. Speaking to BBC 6 Music, Greenwood said, "Were taking some time out whilst people are doing some other stuff, doing their own things, and the plan is to get back together again [at the] end of the summer." Frontman Thom Yorke will release Amok, the album from his long awaited side-project band Atoms For Peace, on February 26.
On Wednesday night, Dave Grohl's Sound City Players performed their third-ever concert at the Hammerstein Ballroom. Stretching past three hours, Grohl and the rest of the Foo Fighters once again teamed up with a wide variety of artists, from Stevie Nicks to John Fogerty to Rick Springfield. Grohl also taped an appearance on The Colbert Report earlier in the night, which can be seen here.
Fall Out Boy have pushed up the U.S. release date of their next album, Save Rock And Roll from May to April 16. The band posted a statement online saying, "So when we got this all rolling we didnt expect it to be so crazy. But we werent kidding when we said we had the album done- so why wait? It means the world to us the way you have welcomed us back. Save Rock And Roll now out early, April 15/16 worldwide." They recently played their new genre-hopping single "My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark (Light 'Em Up)" on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, during which the band donned glow-in-the-dark skeleton costumes while they performed.
Wilco has gradually been rolling out the lineup for their 2013 Solid Sound Music & Arts Festival. Slated for June 21-23 in North Adams, MA, this year's version includes Neko Case, The Dream Syndicate, Os Mutantes, and the members of Wilco's many side projects, along with comedians such as Reggie Watts, John Hodgman and Al Madrigal.
After a three-year long gap between their last album from 2009, Lines, Vines and Trying Times, The Jonas Brothers are finished with their newest album. No album title or release date have been announced. Oldest brother Kevin told MTV News, "The new album is finally done, and we are so excited. We wanted to take a little extra time on it to make sure it was right, and we've been working for almost a year now on it and it's time and now we're back on the road." Since the release of their last album, Kevin got married to his long-term love Danielle, who inspired many of his lyrics. He said, "Everything I write, there's a piece of Danielle in each part of it. Each one of the guys as well puts their own personal stamp on it."
Nicki Farag, SVP of Promotion, Def Jam Recordings
Copyright © 2017 Friday Morning Quarterback Album Report, Inc. and Mediaspan Online Services - All Rights Reserved
Contact: Mediaspan Online Services
FMQB, 1930 East Marlton Pike, Executive Mews, Suite F-36, Cherry Hill, NJ 08003. (856) 424-9114.


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Bozeman Police recount assault, attempted abduction
BOZEMAN, Mont. - On October 26, around 8:30 pm, police tell us a 25-year old woman said she was walking along the 200 block of Hunter's Way, when a car pulled up next to her.
The driver got the woman's attention, and initially police said she thought the driver knew her husband.
But then he got out of the vehicle and grabbed her.
Police recounted the details of the incident to NBC Montana on Monday.
"The subject reached out and grabbed her on her right shoulder, and said 'Come here.'" Lieutenant Steve Crawford said. "She hit him with a flashlight she was carrying, and she ran away."
The victim made it to safety and called police.
She described the suspect as white, six foot two male with a stocky build, buzz cut hair, and a short beard.
She said he was driving a red, two-door passenger car.
Investigators are asking anyone who thinks they saw that vehicle in the area, or might have information on the suspect, to call Crimestoppers at 586-1131 or Bozeman Police at 582-2000.


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"I think ComFi does a wonderful job of communicating with customers and trying to resolve technical problems. Your attention to detail is very much appreciated. Thank you."
"The direct dial feature is fantastic! I can now call any of my extended family member anywhere in the world the same I would call someone in Florida or Texas. It is wonderful!"


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Associate in Business Administration
The Associate in Business Administration degree is designed to prepare students for entry into business with a broad understanding of the various business activities and their interrelationships. The program offers a foundation of business knowledge and competencies as well as technical, managerial, communication and leadership skills equipping them to meet contemporary needs of the business and community they will serve as professionals.
Courses in this degree program apply to the Bachelor of Business Administration Management Major and serves as an excellent beginning for students who plan to seek a bachelor of business administration degree.
The Experience
Our Trine University faculty has experience from all over the world in their professional areas of expertise and brings real-life experience into their academic teaching. Our faculty comes from various walks of life as entrepreneurs, officers within financial institutions, Certified Public Accountants, lawyers, engineers, teachers and leaders of corporations and for-profit and non-profit organizations.
The Results
This versatile major allows our graduates to work in a variety of industries such as real estate, office manager, sales, and administrative professional. Most business organizations have entry level positions well-suited for an associate in business administration graduate.
See Also:


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Create a free account to check out faster, store multiple shipping addresses, view and track your orders in your account, and much more.
Please enter your password to continue.
I got lucky with this box. I've been looking for a suitable face cleaner for a while and this Malin + Goetz grapefruit face cleaner is by far the best cleanser that I have used to date. When the sample was finished I immediately bought a full sized bottle. The smell is amazing and you can really feel the cleanser working as you rinse. Highly recommend.5


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July 23, 2013
From left, City Council Members, Jarrod Ogden, Don Jones, Tony Bohrer, Mayor Terry Carwile, Ray Beck, Gene Bilodeau and Joe Bird listen to community concerns about an ordinance that would prohibit recreational marijuana establishments in Craig.
Stories this photo appears in:
Craig City Council introduces ordinance to prohibit retail marijuana establishments
An ordinance to prohibit stores that grow, sell or test marijuana from setting up shop within Craig city limits was introduced Tuesday night to the Craig City Council.
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Deep Green Resistance: Central Valley will be screening the documentary "End:Civ" examines our culture's addiction to systematic violence and environmental exploitation, and probes the resulting epidemic of poisoned landscapes and shell-shocked nations. Based in part on Endgame, the best-selling book by Derrick Jensen, END:CIV asks: "If your homeland was invaded by aliens who cut down the forests, poisoned the water and air, and contaminated the food supply, would you resist?"
Afterwards DGR will be facilitating a discussion about the necessity of direct action to address our environmental and social crises, and answering any questions about our organization.
This event is free to the public.


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UTSA track and field champs
(Photo by Jason Brown)
UTSA men defend SLC indoor championship
By Brian Hernandez
UTSA Associate Sports Information Director
(Feb. 19, 2007)--Behind individual titles from senior Larry Brooks (800 meters), sophomore Gaston Griffin (400 meters) and junior Will Vese (60-meter hurdles), the UTSA men's track & field team successfully defended its Southland Conference Indoor Championship on Saturday at Bill Yeoman Field House in Houston.
Today's headlines
- La Prensa Foundation is newest member of UTSA Lone Star Society
- UTSA alumna Jordan Kaufmann wins $50K for new stent-graft start-up
- UTSA begins new way-finding sign installation this summer at Main Campus
- USA Today: UTSA long jumper Tyler Williamson rescues three-year-old boy
Article tools
The Roadrunners scored 114.5 points, their second most at a conference indoor meet in school history, and easily outdistanced Texas-Arlington, which finished in second place with 98 points. Stephen F. Austin rounded out the top three with 82.5 points.
"To win it for a second year in a row is just amazing," head coach Aaron Fox said following the meet. "We lost most our team from a year ago and replaced those guys with a lot of talent, but you never know about freshmen in their first conference meet. They competed like champions and didn't let the pressure get to them. The upperclassmen provided them with outstanding leadership and that was key, but most importantly, our assistant coaches did a great job. Scott Slade was outstanding with our distance crew and David Burnett, who was thrown into the fire in January, kept the sprinters focused. This championship is a testament to the job they did this year. It was a total team effort."
Vese continued his stellar season in the 60-meter hurdles, easily winning the event in 7.93, nine-one-hundredths of a second ahead of second-place finisher John Thomas of Sam Houston State. The Houston native's first conference championship drew UTSA into a first-place tie with SFA (57.5 points) after 10 scored events and set the stage for the Roadrunners' march to the title.
"Will did what he was supposed to do in the hurdles and the fact that he was able to get us tied for the lead was the start," Fox said.
UTSA trailed UTA by a half point (67-66.5) entering the 400 meters and Griffin gave the Roadrunners the lead for good when he raced to a 48.51 in winning his first conference championship. The San Antonio native became the fifth Roadrunner in school history to win an SLC indoor 400m title, as he defeated defending champion Chris Edison of Sam Houston State by five-one-hundredths of a second.
Brooks won his first indoor SLC title and third conference crown overall in the 800 meters with a 1:51.63 clocking. He led five Roadrunners who combined to score 24 points in the event and that gave UTSA a 29.5-point cushion with just three events remaining.
"We knew we had a great chance to gain momentum in the 800 and we threw the hammer down," Fox said. "They disqualified a UTA runner for interference down the stretch with Bryan (Ugochukwu) and that enabled us to get two of the top three spots and five of the eight overall for 24 points."
The Roadrunners officially clinched the championship two events later in the 3,000 meters, the second-to-last event of the day, and then went on to place fourth in the 1,600-meter relay (3:19.41).
Junior Steven Brown led UTSA with 16 total points, as he finished third in the 60 and 200 meters and fifth in the long jump.


text: Ok, I'm at my wits end. Here are the details: Bottom Line UP Front: I cannot resolve low idle issues -- 2003 Suburban 1500 KT Flex Fuel I have done the following: --> Replaced Air Filter --> Replaced the MAF Sensor --> Replaced all plugs and wires --> Replaced Fuel Pressure Regulator --> Replaced Throttle Body Intake [TBI] (a.k.a Air Intake Manifold) - TPS is included in unit --> Replaced TBI gasket*** --> Cleaned as much of the air intake system as I could *** I replaced the TBI gasket after getting engine code P0171 and P0174 - System Too Lean (bank 1 and bank 2, respectively). I have cleared the code and it does not come back up; however, I still have idle issues. My symptoms: - After initial start, approximately one minute (or less) the engine begins to idle low, rough and sporadic - but not to the point of stalling. Driving for approximately 5 - 10 minutes to warm engine to 180+ degrees, the idle roughness is significantly lessoned at stops. When in park, after driving and truck at operating temp, it takes about 30 sec to a minute when some rough idling occurs. I do not get any codes that indicate cylinders misfiring but I do not know if this could be an injector circuit malfunctioning or some or related issue. Any thoughts or insight would be GREATLY appreciated!


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Category page
1,589pages onAdd New Page
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this wiki
Category:Supernatural is a page consisting solely of articles relating to Supernatural creatures, spells, occurrences, etc., found on the HBO original series True Blood. All pages placed in the "Supernatural" Category will appear on this page.
These are articles relating to anything with non-human abilities such as Vampires and Shapeshifters


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B.A. Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University
Ph.D. Zoology, University of California, Berkeley
Office: BB-275
Phone: 425-352-3753
Email: email@example.com
Mailing: Box 358350, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011-8246
BES 200 Biology II
BIS 393 Special Topics: Genes, Genomes and Heredity
My research focuses on embryonic development, in particular how cells in the early embryo take on specific fates. Cells can develop into skin, brain, muscle, bone, gut, or a number of other cell types: how do embryonic cells decide what they will form, and how are these individual cell decisions coordinated to generate an embryo with its tissues and organs in the correct arrangement?
My research lab has been conducted using frog embryos, which can be cultured and studied easily in the lab. My lab has studied a family of proteins called FGF receptors. These proteins protrude from the surface of cells, and detect signals released by other cells; such signals are the means by which cells within the embryo communicate with one another. Our challenge is to determine how cells interpret and respond to these signals, and how these signaling systems have evolved to help generate animal embryos.
© University of Washington Bothell Privacy | Terms


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With all the fuss on the internet recently about Disney's acquisition of the Star Wars franchise and the rest of the Lucasfilm empire, as well as Marvel and Pixar too, it's easy to forget that they do actually still make movies of their own every now and then. To that end they've just released the full trailer for the new Wizard of Oz prequel, Oz The Great and Powerful. Have you ever wondered how the old man behind the green curtain got to Oz in the first place? Well that's what director Sam Raimi (of the Spider-Man Trilogy) and star James Franco want to show you in this epic adventure movie, opening in the spring.
The trailer starts off in dull-old-monochrome-four-by-three-aspect-ratio Kansas – just as Dorothy's adventure does in the original film — only this time, when the inevitable switch to the 21st century equivalent of "glorious technicolor" happens, it's an even more extreme difference thanks to the CGI-filled, over-saturated world Oz has become this time around. It looks a lot like Tim Burton's Alice In Wonderland in that respect, which isn't such a big surprise as the two films share the same producer.
Instead of a Lion, a Tin Woodsman, and a Scarecrow for company, Franco has a porcelain doll and a flying monkey, and of course there are witches and munchkins aplenty, and even a tiny glimpse of the green fingers of the Wicked Witch. There seems to be plenty of great locations to visit on the journey and, thankfully, no one bursting into song at the drop of a hat.
Here's the official blurb:
Disney's fantastical adventure "Oz The Great and Powerful," directed by Sam Raimi, imagines the origins of L. Frank Baum's beloved wizard character. When Oscar Diggs (James Franco), a small-time circus magician with dubious ethics, is hurled away from dusty Kansas to the vibrant Land of Oz, he thinks he's hit the jackpot—fame and fortune are his for the taking—that is until he meets three witches, Theodora (Mila Kunis), Evanora (Rachel Weisz) and Glinda (Michelle Williams), who are not convinced he is the great wizard everyone's been expecting. Reluctantly drawn into the epic problems facing the Land of Oz and its inhabitants, Oscar must find out who is good and who is evil before it is too late. Putting his magical arts to use through illusion, ingenuity—and even a bit of wizardry—Oscar transforms himself not only into the great and powerful wizard but into a better man as well.
"Oz The Great and Powerful" opens in U.S. theaters on March 8, 2013, and you can keep up with events surrounding the movie on the official site, Facebook and Twitter


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First Look: Mirror's Edge iPhone
Posted on 19th Mar 2010 at 10:41 by Joe Martin with 7 comments
I'm pretty happy then that EA's iPhone version of the game, which I got a chance to see yesterday, is treading along the same grounds. Combat is only a minor part of the game; little more than a distraction really, and the game is short but replayable. That last fact is doubly important for a mobile game.
In other areas though, an awful lot of the game has changed. The limits of the iPhone processing power has meant a change to a side-on perspective, though Mirror's Edge on the iPhone still manages to retain 3D visuals. Here the simple, stylised look of the series work to EA's advantage – there's no need for detailed textures and the like.


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Brian Hayes
The French painter Georges Seurat had a lively interest in the sciences. His technique of pointillism—painting with tiny flecks of pure colors—was inspired by theories of light and perception that trace back to James Clerk Maxwell and Hermann von Helmholtz, among others. Unfortunately for Seurat, the scientific underpinnings of pointillism did nothing to soften criticism of his paintings when he exhibited them in the 1880s, but his ideas have certainly been vindicated since then. A century later we are all pointillists. We tend to see every image as a collection of little dots.
Decomposing a picture into dots seems natural today because that's the way images are displayed on a computer monitor or a television screen—by lighting up spots of phosphor that glow red, green and blue. Printed images are just as dotty. Under a magnifying lens, the pictures in this magazine dissolve into dots of cyan, magenta, yellow and black. Ink-jet printers spray similar arrays of microscopic colored droplets.
From printing and displaying pictures as dots, it's an easy step to storing them that way inside the computer—as rows and columns of "pixels," or picture elements. Photographs made with a digital camera are born as pixel arrays; satellite imagery and other kinds of scientific data also arrive in this format; conventional photographs can be converted into pixels by a scanner or even by a fax machine. In the case of a monochrome image, each pixel is represented in computer memory by a number that gives the pixel's brightness on a scale from black to white. For color images, a pixel typically consists of three or four numbers, encoding the intensities of the component colors. A snapshot-size color image might have a million pixels and fill up a few megabytes of computer memory.
With the prevalence of digital imaging, the rectangular array of pixels begins to seem like the one and only way of representing graphic information; you can't look at a picture without seeing spots before your eyes. But there are many alternatives to pixels, with interesting and useful properties. Some of the pixelless representations are more compact; some preserve information about the structure and meaning of an image; some are easier to revise or edit; some can be displayed at various resolutions without loss of quality. Perhaps most intriguing, some of the alternatives could give hints about the way the brain stores and interprets images.
Pixels were not always the universal building blocks of computer graphics. In the 1960s, many computer display screens worked on another principle altogether, called vector graphics. Instead of scanning a beam over the entire surface of the screen in closely spaced parallel lines (the raster pattern of modern displays), the beam was steered from point to point as needed to create a line drawing. For example, directing the beam from the x,y coordinates 0,0 to the point 6,0, then to 0,6 and finally back to 0,0 would draw an isosceles right triangle. The corresponding hard-copy device was the pen plotter, a kind of automated Etch-A-Sketch in which a motor-driven pen zipped from point to point over a sheet of paper.
Specialized hardware for vector graphics is now a rarity, and yet the underlying idea has not gone away. Even though modern displays and printers are raster devices, many computer programs adopt the vector format as an internal data structure for graphic objects. Computer-aided-design software works this way; an architect's rendering of a building is made up of lines, not pixels. Often, vector-based programs are referred to as "drawing" software, whereas pixel-based programs are for "painting." (To those who work in the graphic arts, the difference between vectors and pixels is the difference between Adobe Illustrator and Adobe Photoshop.)
Although the term "vector graphics" suggests drawing with straight lines, modern programs offer a compass as well as a straightedge, and even a French curve. Indeed, vector systems can depict the entire universe of planar Cartesian geometry—any form described by equations in x and y. Linear equations yield lines or line segments; quadratic equations describe circles and other conic sections; cubic equations define a particularly important class of curves are called splines, after the flexible strips of metal or wood that were once used to outline smooth curves in shipbuilding.
At least one common vector-graphics system evolved from a language for driving pen plotters; it is HP-GL, the Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language. But the most widespread notation for vector graphics is Postscript, developed by Adobe Systems. Every letter on this page was created as a sequence of line and arc and spline commands in Postscript.
Postscript is a versatile language that can accommodate pixel-based images as well as vectors. It is also a fully equipped programming language, with facilities for iteration, recursion and defining procedures. One consequence is that a finite expression in Postscript can describe a geometric object of unbounded complexity, such as the Hilbert curve, a one-dimensional line so contorted that it fills a two-dimensional area. (But is the Postscript encoding a representation of the image or merely a program that when executed generates a representation?)
An important advantage of vector formats is that geometric objects retain their identity and structure. In a vector-based drawing program you can select a line and alter its thickness or color. These operations are much harder with an image made up of nothing but pixels, where the concept of "line" does not exist. In many cases vector drawings are also more compact than pixel-based images. And a final virtue of vector formats is that the same drawing can be displayed or printed at any resolution. For pixel images, the only way to show finer detail is to squeeze in more pixels, but the equations that define vector forms are mathematical objects of potentially unlimited precision. The same Postscript letterforms can be rendered on a monitor screen at less than 100 dots per inch or on film at more than 1,000 dots per inch.
Vector formats are ideal for mechanical or geometric drawings, but it's hard to imagine that Seurat would have been very happy working in vector mode. On the other hand, he might have been delighted to try a form of computer painting devised by Paul Haeberli of Silicon Graphics. Haeberli's program captures something of the kinesthetic experience of painting, and in skilled hands the program can produce distinctly painterly results. It achieves this through a strategy that seems perfectly obvious once someone else has thought of it: The program represents a painting not as an array of pixels or as a collection of lines or splines but as a sequence of brushstrokes.
To paint with Haeberli's program you begin with an existing template image in pixel format, and next to it a blank canvas. As you run the mouse over the canvas, the program chooses a color from the corresponding region of the template, and paints a brushstroke in that color on the new canvas. But the brushstrokes do not merely reproduce the pixel structure of the template; brushes have numerous adjustable properties, including size, shape, orientation and texture. Indeed, the computerized brushes can do things that no brush of pig bristle or camel's hair could achieve, such as spraying squares and circles of color or tiling the surface of the canvas with the polygons known as Dirichlet domains. The result is a highly stylized and often impressionistic version of the template image.
Weird and wonderful brushes are not unique to Haeberli's software; several other painting programs have a wide selection of them. But other painting software does not represent the finished artwork as a list of brushstrokes; instead the brushes merely spray pixels onto the image surface, so that any subsequent operations have to be done at the pixel level. In effect, you are left with a flat photograph of a painting, whereas the brushstroke format is more like a movie of the artist at work—a movie so precise and detailed that it reproduces the exact motions needed to apply all the layers of paint to the canvas.
Storing brushstrokes opens up a number of possibilities for image manipulation that simply cannot be done either with pixels or with conventional pigments on canvas. At the simplest level, you can undo a brushstroke if you make a mistake. Beyond that is the possibility of "post-processing" the brushstrokes. For example, you might experiment with changing the diameter or length or direction of the brushstrokes after a painting is completed, or you might use one template image to determine the color of each brushstroke and another image to control brush orientation. You could even change the order in which the brushstrokes are layered onto the canvas, perhaps sorting them by color.
The most elaborate versions of Haeberli's painting program run only on Silicon Graphics workstations, but a Java applet called the Impressionist has some of the basic functions. It is available at http://www.sgi.com/grafica/index.html and should run on any Java-equipped computer.
Both the strengths and the weaknesses of pixel-based graphic formats lie in the absence of hierarchical structure in the image. On the one hand, having only a flat array of pixels to worry about facilitates many useful kinds of image processing, such as filtering to sharpen edges, or adjusting contrast and color balance. On the other hand, pixels are maddeningly oblivious to what they are portraying. You might look at an image and see parasols, rowboats, picnic baskets and top hats, but none of those objects exist in the computer file. There are only pixels there, ignorant of the patterns they form.
Extracting meaningful structures from image data is a notoriously difficult problem; it's called vision. But there are simpler ways of imposing structure on an array of pixels. These methods cannot pick out top hats or parasols, but they do identify certain patterns and regularities. Much of the work on such pixel patterns derives from efforts to compress images into a smaller space.
Image compression is possible only because scenes of the natural world make up a small and rather special subset of all possible arrays of pixels; they are not random data but have inherent redundancies and correlations. The simplest compression scheme is run-length encoding. If you list pixel values in raster-scan order, you often discover several pixels in a row with the same color. You can then save space by writing down the color only once, along with the number of times it should be repeated. An image compressed in this way is really no longer an array of pixels; it is a collection of lines of various lengths, which are fitted together like planks in a hardwood floor to reconstruct the complete image.
Run-length encoding exploits correlations only along a single dimension. Another way of breaking down and reassembling a picture, called a quadtree, takes advantage of both vertical and horizontal regularities. To build a quadtree, take a square image and average all the pixel values, so that the entire area is a flat expanse of color expressed by a single number; this is the first and crudest level of the quadtree. Now divide the original image into four square quadrants, and average the pixels within each of these regions. The four averages become the four branches at the next level of the quadtree. Continue in the same way, dividing each quadrant into subquadrants, until eventually you reach the level of single pixels. (The construction is easiest when the image is a square whose side is a power of 2, but other shapes and sizes can be accommodated with a little extra effort.)
Quadtrees offer a multiresolution view of pixel data. Looking at just the first few levels of the tree gives a rough impression of the image content; continuing to further levels adds progressively more detail. Some images posted on the Web, called "progressive JPEGs," work in just this way, starting out as blocky approximations and growing sharper through gradual refinement.
A fundamental property of quadtrees is that pixels stored in the same node of the tree are also close together in the image. As a result, sibling nodes tend to be highly correlated, creating an opportunity for image compression. After averaging the color in a quadrant, you can record not the average itself but the difference between the average and the color of the quadrant's parent node. These parent-child differences tend to be small, and so they can be given a very compact encoding.
Surely the most unusual image-compression technique is one based on the idea of fractals, or self-similar patterns. Certain features of the natural landscape are famously fractal—coastlines, mountain ranges and ferns being the favorite examples. An idealized black spleenwort fern has become the mascot of the fractal industry. Given an image of the entire fern, you can make a number of photocopies at reduced size, then rotate and slide the smaller images until they exactly cover the original. By applying the same transformation to any one of these frond images, you create even smaller frondlet images that exactly cover the frond. In nature this process comes to an end after just a few iterations, but mathematically it can be continued indefinitely. It suggests a curious but compact way of representing the fern image—just store a list of instructions for scaling, rotating and translating photocopies. There's no need to keep any form of the original image. Starting with an arbitrary image and repeating the list of transformations enough times, you can generate an image that approximates the fern as closely as you wish.
This is wonderful news for fern-fanciers, but what about images of other subjects? As it turns out, patterns amenable to this kind of treatment are more common than you might guess. Any image can be represented as a "collage" of fractal parts. The mathematical ideas behind this process were first explored by John E. Hutchinson of the Australian National University and were further refined and applied to image compression by Michael F. Barnsley of the Georgia Institute of Technology. The basic idea is that certain geometric transformations—combinations of scaling, rotating and translating—eventually reach a fixed point, where further operations cause no further change. If a section of an image is similar to such a fixed-point pattern, the corresponding list of transformations can serve as an approximate encoding of the section. The trick is dividing the image into the right sections and finding the right transformations.
The fractal description of an image certainly satisfies the desire for a hierarchical structure; indeed, there is no limit to the levels in the hierarchy. You can even zoom in on details—microfronds and nanofronds—that were not present in the original.
Another alternative to pixels replaces an image with its spectrum.
The idea of a spectrum is most familiar in the context of one-dimensional signals, such as the sound of a flute or the light of a star. In these instances the signal is a graph of amplitude as a function of time, and the spectrum of the signal is a graph of power or intensity as a function of frequency. The conversion from the time domain to the frequency domain relies on Joseph Fourier's remarkable discovery that any periodic waveform, no matter how complex, can be constructed as the sum of simple sine and cosine waves.
Fourier analysis can be applied to a two-dimensional image by measuring "spatial frequencies" along both the x and y axes. Think of a photograph of a ladder leaning against a picket fence. If you scan across the image horizontally, recording the brightness of each point as you go, you get a spectrum with an energy peak at the frequency corresponding to the spacing of the fence pickets; when you scan vertically, the strongest peak is at a lower spatial frequency, that of the ladder rungs. The complete spectrum of an image records the contributions of all spatial frequencies, from zero up to the maximum resolution of the image data.
A form of Fourier analysis commonly used in image processing is called the discrete cosine transform. The procedure begins by dividing the image into square patches of, say, eight by eight pixels. For each such patch there are 64 discrete Fourier components, representing all possible spatial frequencies and phases along the x and y axes. Any eight-by-eight patch of the original image can be reconstructed by adding up various weighted combinations of these basic frequency elements. The zero-frequency component gives the average brightness of the patch. If the patch has gradual variations in brightness over its entire width or height, then some of the lower frequency components will be strongly represented in the spectrum. Sharp edges and fine lines in the image emphasize the high-frequency components.
Fourier analysis yields yet another method of image compression. It might seem at first that nothing is gained by converting to frequency space, since an eight-by-eight patch with 64 pixels also has 64 Fourier components. But in most images not all the Fourier components are equally important. For example, in a patch of nearly uniform color only the zero-frequency element has a significant weight, and the rest of the coefficients can be thrown away. This situation is common enough to make Fourier compression worthwhile. Indeed, the discrete cosine transform is the main compression method in JPEG images.
When you ponder how best to represent a picture, a promising approach is to ask how people or animals see images. What kinds of data structures does the brain employ for visual information?
The input end of the visual system is clearly a pixel-based device: The retina of the eye has much in common with the array of photosensors in a digital camera. Nevertheless, we do not see in pixels. No one experiences the visual surround as an array of colored dots—not even Seurat. At the level of conscious awareness, what we see are faces, trees, trombones, streetlights, paintings—and all of these objects seem to have a continuous and unpixelated surface, no matter how closely we look at them. Evidently visual information is re-encoded somewhere along the neural pathways of the eye and the brain.
A part of the brain where image representation has been studied extensively is a region known variously as the primary visual cortex, the striate cortex or simply V1. In the 1960s David Hubel of Harvard University and Torsten Wiesel of the Rockefeller University recorded the response of individual V1 neurons when animals were shown various simple patterns, such as spots and stripes. These experiments and later work revealed that the "receptive field" of a typical V1 neuron has a distinctive geometry, with three main characteristics. First, the receptive field is localized: The cell responds most strongly to stimuli in a particular area of visual space. The field is also oriented: Each neuron has a favored axis for stripes or elongated features. And finally the field is most sensitive to variations in luminance over a specific size range; in other words, it has a preferred band of spatial frequencies. Thus the V1 cortex seems to classify features according to their position, orientation and angular size.
Why should the mammalian visual system favor this particular way of representing images? That's a good question, which neurobiological experiments have not yet answered. Bruno A. Olshausen of the University of California at Davis and David J. Field of Cornell University have therefore approached the problem from the opposite direction. Instead of looking into the brain for clues to how it encodes images, they look at images of natural scenes and ask what encoding would give the simplest or most efficient representation. (In this context a "natural" scene is not necessarily the forest primeval; it could be a city street, or even a page of text. What the term excludes are artificial patterns such as random visual noise.)
The technique adopted by Olshausen and Field is a distant cousin of Fourier analysis. The aim is to find a set of "basis functions" that can be combined in various proportions to generate an image. The sine and cosine functions of Fourier analysis are one such basis set, but it is not the best set for natural images. Following earlier work by John G. Daugman of the University of Cambridge, Olshausen and Field argue that the optimal basis functions are those that yield a sparse encoding for images. What this means is that any single image is likely to excite only a few of the V1 neurons. The basis set should also be complete, in the sense that it can account for the features of any natural image.
A set of functions that satisfy these criteria is not something that can be cooked up analytically. Olshausen and Field search for a sparse basis set through an iterative learning procedure, which might even resemble the mechanism by which a developing organism (or perhaps an evolving species) learns to make sense of visual input. Several images are selected as a training set, from which many small square patches are extracted at random. The functions chosen to describe these patches are initially arbitrary; they are refined by repeatedly making small changes and accepting a change if the resulting functions yield a sparser representation. With 16-by-16 patches, the procedure takes a few hours to converge on a basis set.
What kinds of basis functions emerge from this process? They look nothing like the stripes and checkerboards of the discrete cosine transform. Instead most of the functions are elongated ellipses, which seem at first glance to be scattered randomly over the square patches. On examining the entire set of functions, it turns out that nearly all combinations of position, orientation and spatial frequency are present in the set, which means that each function can respond to a specific combination of these three properties. Of course position, orientation and spatial frequency are just the features detected by V1 neurons. Finding a resemblance between the basis functions and the V1 receptive fields is not a proof that the brain employs functions of this particular form, but the result is encouraging and suggests strategies for further experimental work.
Even if we knew the brain's own graphics file format, we would not necessarily want to adopt it for computer graphics files. A biological precedent is not binding on technology. Furthermore—and here I depart on a perilous flight of speculation—the brain's encoding may be well adapted only to image analysis and understanding, not to image generation. Because of a curious asymmetry in mammalian sensory architecture, the brain has no need ever to recreate a pixel array. Although audible channels of communication go both ways—we have ears to hear with and a mouth to speak with—in the electromagnetic spectrum we have receptors but no projectors. Thus the images we receive and interpret never have to be reconstructed for display or transmission (unless you are Seurat, painting with pixels). It is easy enough to imagine a planet where creatures have organs for both input and output of images; their visual cortex would doubtless be different from ours. Maybe we should check out the V1 neurons of Teletubbies.
© Brian Hayes
You can find this online at http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/num2/seeing-between-the-pixels/3
© 2016 Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society


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The history of keeping cool
This week marks the 112th anniversary of modern air conditioning, and aren't we all thankful! Look back at the history of fans, air conditioners and other ways humans have tried to stay cool through the centuries.PHOTO: iStock
If you had enough money in ancient Rome, you could cool your home with water pumped from aqueducts into pipes circulating through the walls of your home, according to history.com.PHOTO: ChrisO/Wikipedia
Evaporative cooling, which adds moisture to the air that cools things down as it evaporates, dates back to ancient Egypt. Egyptians would hang wet mats in doorways or have slaves fan jars full of water. Similar techniques can be found in American Indian communities, the American West and 19th-century textile mills.
Medieval Persians used wind towers, which worked kind of like a reverse chimney. Tall windows captured wind, which was funneled into and circulated around homes, according to history.com.PHOTO: Zereshk/Wikipedia
Nineteenth century American settlers often built sod homes, which often weren't permanent but did keep cool in the summer, according to history.com.
Oscillating fans began showing up in the U.S. in the early 20th century, thanks to electricity and inventor Nikola Tesla's alternating current motors, according to Slate.
Willis Carrier built the first modern air conditioner in 1902 to keep humidity down (and keep pages from wrinkling) in the New York printing plant where he worked, according to articles in Slate and The Atlantic. It accomplished its goal by sending air through coils cooled by water.PHOTO: Carrier Corporation
Window air conditioning units were introduced in the 1930s, but were still too expensive for most Americans, according to Time.PHOTO: iStock
In the 1940s and 50s, air conditioners were marketed to offices as a way to increase productivity. The industry had stats to back this up, including one study that showed typists in a cooler office increased output by 24 percent, according to Time.PHOTO: National Archives
The world's first air-conditioned bus was equipped in San Antonio, Texas, in 1946, according to the Carrier Corporation. Air conditioning in cars began to become a status symbol in the mid-1950s, according to the Atlantic.
The Packard Motor Car Company first offered air conditioning in cars in 1939, but it was discontinued two years later. The Chrysler Imperial was the first car after that to feature a cooling system in 1953.
More homes got air conditioning in the 1950s, but it would still be a little while before the trend really took off. Ten percent of homes had air conditioning in 1965, but that number jumped to 86 percent by 2007, according to Slate.PHOTO: SXC


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my first thought is EFB due to the crusty dead larvae in the bottom of the cells. i tried to get the best pictures i can but its pretty tough. out of all the hives in our home apiary the only ones that have this problem are the ones from the nucs we bought from a commercial supplier. they said out of all the customers this year we are the only ones with a problem. the swarms and cutouts we hived this year are doing incredibly well. i didnt catch any hint of a foul smell in any of the suspicious hives.
what should we do ?


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Hell yeah, just more money I can take from you suckas! (ok I'll stop with the smack talk until the draft)
So the difficulty with starting players always comes when the bye weeks start happening. That's when up to 20% of the teams are off. So there are probably 30 rb 40 wr and 20 te worth keeping. if you take away 20% from each you get 24rb, 32 wr, and 16 te to choose from on the worst weeks. So if you take away one starting wr, rb and te for each team based on non-flex positions you have 12 rb, 20 wr, and 4 te for flex spots. so you have 36 keepers in a 12 team league for the bye weeks available to fill 2 flex spots. that, IMO, is plenty.
It forces you to look ahead, but doesn't force you to start a <10 possession rb.
Throw in the fact that we want to reduce the benches down to 4 or 5 spots, you would still be able to keep about 3 rb/wr/te on your bench per person worth keeping. You would have to be smart about your bench and not hoard prospects like some have suggested.
As for the scoring:
Where are the negative points?
QB is too heavily rated (although that helped me greatly last year) Need to either add PPR or taking passing TDs to 4 points and passing yards to 1/25 yds.
Oh and if we are going to keep doing this year after year, I wouldn't mind discussing making it a keeper league and "interviewing" replacements vs just grabbing the first person that posts in the thread.
Also, I despise negative points
I'm ok with dropping Passing TD points to 4 and Yardage Points to 1/25.
Also consider partial points to avoid ties. I hate ties and I hate wanting that next yard or two just to get another full point.
If you do this, do not make it a PPR league. One or the other is fine with me.
6. Change Passing Yards to 1 point per 25 (currently 1 point per 15)
7. Change Passing TDs to 4 points (Currently 6 points)
No PPR
10. Switching the website from NFL.com to ESPN or Yahoo
The league is already set up on NFL.com but we can vote on changing...
Also consider partial points to avoid ties. I hate ties and I hate wanting that next yard or two just to get another full point.
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Posted: Feb 28, 2017 11:06 PM PST
Updated: Feb 28, 2017 11:06 PM PST
2013: Actress and singer Bonnie Franklin, best known for her leading role in the television series "One Day at a Time," dies of pancreatic cancer at age 69 in Los Angeles, California. [ + - ]
2007: Tornadoes break out across the southern United States, killing at least 20, including eight alone at a high school in Enterprise, Alabama. [ + - ]
2006: British actor Jack Wild, best known for playing The Artful Dodger in the 1968 musical "Oliver!" and for his leading role as Jimmy in the 1969 children's television series "H.R. Pufnstuf," dies of oral cancer at the age of 53 in Tebworth, Bedfordshire, England. Wild received an Academy Award nomination as Best Supporting Actor at the age of 16 for his role in "Oliver!" and also received Golden Globe and BAFTA Award nominations for Most Promising Newcomer for the role. [ + - ]
2005: In Roper v. Simmons, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that it is unconstitutional to impose capital punishment for crimes committed while under the age of 18. The 5-4 decision overruled the Court's prior ruling in Stanford v. Kentucky upholding such sentences for offenders who are 16 years old and older, overturning statutes in 25 states that had the penalty set lower. [ + - ]
2001: Lawyer Henry Wade, who participated in two of the most notable U.S. court cases of the 20th century, the prosecution of Jack Ruby for killing Lee Harvey Oswald and the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade legalizing abortion, dies of Parkinson's disease at the age of 86 in Dallas, Texas. Wade was the Dallas County district attorney from 1951 until his voluntary retirement in 1987. He is seen here on the far left giving a press conference following the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963. [ + - ]
1996: The new toll-free 888 area code is introduced in the United States. The move came because the nation's phone companies had almost run out of seven-digit numbers under the 800 prefix. [ + - ]
1995: Yahoo! is incorporated. [ + - ]
1994: Pop singer-songwriter Justin Bieber, the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the Billboard Hot 100, is born in London, Ontario, Canada. His hits include the songs "Baby," "Never Say Never" and "Boyfriend." [ + - ]
1992: Bosnia and Herzegovina votes by referendum to declare independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Although the referendum was overwhelmingly approved, the vote was largely boycotted by Bosnian Serbs, who opposed independence. The declaration of independence was soon followed by the Bosnian War, lasting until late 1995. [ + - ]
1988: Pontiac announces that the Fiero would be discontinued at the end of the 1988 model year. The decision was officially because of an expected drop in demand for two-seater sports cars, but it also came amid heavy media coverage of Fiero engine fires. The last Fiero would roll off the assembly line on Sept. 1, 1988. [ + - ]
1987: Pop singer Kesha, whose hit songs include "Tik Tok," "We R Who We R" and "Die Young," is born Kesha Rose Sebert in Los Angeles, California. [ + - ]
1984: Actor Jackie Coogan, who began his movie career as a child actor in silent films, including Charlie Chaplin's "The Kid," but is best known for playing Uncle Fester on the TV sitcom "The Addams Family," dies of a heart attack at the age of 69 in Santa Monica, California. [ + - ]
1983: Actress Lupita Nyong'o, who won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in "12 Years a Slave," is born in Mexico City, Mexico. [ + - ]
1978: Actor Jensen Ackles, best known for his starring role on the TV series "Supernatural," is born in Dallas, Texas. He's also known for his other TV roles on "Days of our Lives," "Dark Angel" and "Smallville." [ + - ]
1974: A grand jury in Washington, D.C., indicts several former aides of President Richard Nixon for conspiring to hinder the Watergate investigation. The former aides, H. R. Haldeman (left), John Ehrlichman (right), John N. Mitchell, Charles Colson, Gordon C. Strachan, Robert Mardian and Kenneth Parkinson, would become known as the "Watergate Seven." The grand jury also named Nixon an unindicted conspirator. The indictments marked the first time in U.S. history that a president was so named. [ + - ]
1974: Actor Mark-Paul Gosselaar, best known for playing Zack Morris in the TV show "Saved by the Bell," as well as his other TV roles in "NYPD Blue," "Raising the Bar" and "Franklin & Bash," is born in Panorama City, California. [ + - ]
1971: A bomb explodes in a men's restroom in the United States Capitol. The radical left organization Weather Underground claims responsibility, issuing a communiqu������ saying it was "in protest of the U.S. invasion of Laos." [ + - ]
1969: A drunken and verbally abusive Jim Morrison allegedly exposes himself during a concert by The Doors in Miami, Florida. Four days later, warrants were issued for his arrest on charges of lewd and lascivious behavior, indecent exposure, open profanity and public drunkenness. In 1970, he would be found guilty of the indecent exposure and profanity charges, while being acquitted of the remaining charges. He was sentenced to eight months of hard labor and a $500 fine and freed on a $50,000 bond while appealing the conviction, but died on July 3, 1971, before the appeal could be heard. [ + - ]
1969: Actor Javier Bardem, known for movies such as "No Country for Old Men," "Before Night Falls," "The Sea Inside," "Biutiful" and "Skyfall," is born in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. Bardem won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role as psychopathic assassin Anton Chigurh in "No Country for Old Men" and also received Oscar nomination for his performances in "Before Night Falls" and "Biutiful." [ + - ]
1968: Country music singers Johnny Cash and June Carter are married in Franklin, Kentucky. The couple continued to work together and tour for 35 years, until June Carter died in 2003. Cash died just four months after his wife's death. [ + - ]
1966: The Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus, becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface. Although it was successful in reaching the planet, the probe's communications systems failed before it could return any information about the planet. [ + - ]
1962: The first Kmart store opens in Garden City, Michigan. A total of 18 Kmart stores would open that year and the chain is now the the third-largest discount store chain in the world, behind Walmart and Target. The Garden City store, seen here in 2016, is slated to close in the spring of 2017. [ + - ]
1961: U.S. President John F. Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps via executive order. [ + - ]
1954: The Castle Bravo, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, is detonated on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States. The bomb, the most powerful nuclear device ever detonated by the U.S., was equal to 1,000 of the bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan, during World War II and made the archipelago an unsafe wasteland for many decades to follow. [ + - ]
1954: Four Puerto Rican nationalists open fire from a visitors gallery in the House of Representatives chamber in the United State Capitol, injuring five representatives. The shooters, Lolita Lebr������n, Rafael Cancel Miranda, Andres Figueroa Cordero and Irving Flores Rodr������guez, wanted to highlight Puerto Rico's struggle for independence from U.S. rule. They were arrested, tried and convicted in federal court, and given long sentences, effectively life imprisonment. In 1978 and 1979, they were pardoned by President Jimmy Carter and all four returned to Puerto Rico. This photo shows Lebr������n being escorted by police after the attack. [ + - ]
1954: Actress Catherine Bach, best known for playing Daisy Duke in the television series "The Dukes of Hazzard," is born in Cleveland, Ohio. [ + - ]
1954: Actor and film director Ron Howard, who became famous for playing Opie Taylor in the sitcom "The Andy Griffith Show" and the teenaged Richie Cunningham on "Happy Days," is born in Duncan, Oklahoma. He also appeared in the movies "The Music Man," "American Graffiti" and "The Shootist," before leaving "Happy Days" in 1980 to concentrate on directing. He has directed movies such as "Splash," "Cocoon," "Apollo 13," "A Beautiful Mind," "Cinderella Man" and "Frost/Nixon." He won Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture for "A Beautiful Mind" in 2002 and also earned Oscar nominations for "Frost/Nixon" in 2009. [ + - ]
1947: Actor Alan Thicke, best known for his role as Jason Seaver, the patriarch on the TV sitcom "Growing Pains," is born in Kirkland Lake, Ontario, Canada. He died of a ruptured aorta at age 69 on Dec. 13, 2016. [ + - ]
1944: Musician and singer-songwriter Roger Daltrey, best known as the lead singer for The Who, is born in London, England. [ + - ]
1941: W47NV begins operations in Nashville, Tennessee, becoming the first commercial broadcaster in the U.S. to receive an FM license from the Federal Communications Commission. The station, which eventually changed its name to WSM-FM, operated for about 10 years, until its owners, the National Life and Accident Insurance Company, realized that few area households had FM radio receivers and that its commercial potential was lacking. The company shut down WSM-FM in 1951 and returned the license to the FCC. [ + - ]
1936: The federal government assumes control of the newly completed Boulder Dam, now known as the Hoover Dam, in the Black Canyon of the Colorado River, on the border between Arizona and Nevada. [ + - ]
1935: Actor Robert Conrad, best known for playing Secret Service agent James T. West in the TV show "The Wild Wild West" and World War II ace Pappy Boyington in the series "Baa Baa Black Sheep," is born in Chicago. [ + - ]
1932: The 20-month-old son of Charles Lindbergh, Charles Augustus Lindbergh III, is kidnapped from his family's home in East Amwell, New Jersey. More than two months later, on May 12, 1932, his body was discovered a short distance from the Lindberghs' home. After an investigation that lasted more than two years, Bruno Richard Hauptmann was arrested and charged with the crime. He was eventually found guilty of murder in the first degree and was executed by electric chair on April 3, 1936. [ + - ]
1927: Actor and musician Harry Belafonte, dubbed the "King of Calypso" for popularizing the Caribbean musical style in the 1950s, is born in Harlem, New York. Belafonte, best known for singing "The Banana Boat Song," is also known for his advocacy for civil rights and humanitarian causes. [ + - ]
1922: Yitzhak Rabin, the Israeli prime minister who worked for peace with Palestinian and Arab neighbors until his assassination in 1995, is born in Jerusalem in what was then the British Mandate of Palestine. In 1994, Rabin won the Nobel Peace Prize together with Shimon Peres and Yasser Arafat. [ + - ]
1914: Baseball broadcaster Harry Caray is born Harry Christopher Carabina in St. Louis, Missouri. Caray got his start with a long tenure calling games for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1945 through 1969 before moving onto broadcasting games for the Oakland Athletics, the Chicago White Sox and the Chicago Cubs. He became especially well known for singing "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" during the seventh-inning stretch of games during his time with the White Sox, a tradition that continued when he moved to the Cubs following the 1981 season. He's seen here in a 1951 publicity photo from the Cardinals. He died at age 83 on Feb. 18, 1998, of cardiac arrest with resulting brain damage, four days after collapsing at a restaurant and hitting his head on a table. [ + - ]
1914: Author Ralph Ellison, best known for his National Book Award-winning novel "Invisible Man," is born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He died of pancreatic cancer at age 80 on April 16, 1994. [ + - ]
1912: Capt. Albert Berry performs the first parachute jump from an airplane over Jefferson Barracks in St. Louis, Missouri. Berry had previously parachuted many times from a balloon. [ + - ]
1910: The worst avalanche in United States history buries a Great Northern Railway train in the little town of Wellington, Washington, killing 96 people. The avalanche began just after 1 a.m. and hit the town's railroad depot, throwing the train cars 150 feet downhill and into the Tye River valley. [ + - ]
1910: Actor David Niven, best known for movies such as "A Matter of Life and Death," "The Bishop's Wife," "Enchantment," "Around the World in 80 Days," "The Pink Panther" and "Separate Tables," is born in London, England. He was awarded the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1959 for his performance in "Separate Tables." He died of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at age 73 on July 29, 1983. [ + - ]
1904: Bandleader, musician and composer Glenn Miller, one of the best-selling recording artists from 1939 to 1943 while leading one of the best known big bands, is born in Clarinda, Iowa. Miller's notable recordings include "In the Mood," "Moonlight Serenade," "Pennsylvania 6-5000" and "Chattanooga Choo Choo." [ + - ]
1896: French physicist Henri Becquerel accidentally discovers radioactivity after developing photographic plates that he had left in a drawer with uranium crystals. [ + - ]
1872: Yellowstone National Park is created as the first national park by the signature of President Ulysses S. Grant. [ + - ]
1867: Nebraska becomes the 37th U.S. state and the capital is moved from Omaha to the center at Lancaster, later renamed Lincoln after the recently assassinated President Abraham Lincoln. [ + - ]
1810: Composer Fr������d������ric Chopin, considered one of the great masters of Romantic music, is born in the village of Zelazowa Wola in what is now Poland. However, while Chopin and his family gave the date as his birth date, the local parish baptismal record, discovered in 1892, gives his birthday as Feb. 22, 1810. [ + - ]
1805: U.S. Supreme Court Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial by the U.S. Senate. Chase, who was impeached for allegedly letting his partisan Federalist leanings affect his court decisions, is the only U.S. Supreme Court justice to have ever been impeached. [ + - ]
1803: Ohio is admitted as the 17th U.S. state. [ + - ]
1781: Maryland becomes the last of the 13 colonies to ratify the Articles of Confederation. The Articles provided domestic and international legitimacy for the Continental Congress to direct the American Revolutionary War, conduct diplomacy with Europe and deal with territorial issues and Indian relations. They were eventually replaced by the U.S. Constitution on March 4, 1789. [ + - ]
1692: Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne and Tituba are brought before local magistrates in Salem Village, Massachusetts, beginning what would become known as the Salem witch trials. [ + - ]
1565: The city of Rio de Janeiro is founded by the Portuguese. The city was originally named S������o Sebasti������o do Rio de Janeiro, in honor of St. Sebastian, the saint who was the namesake and patron of the then Portuguese King D. Sebasti������o. [ + - ]


text: I guess this applies to this section. Just wanted to tell every one about my experience of using honey as a WOUND DRESSING. I was involved in a motorcycle accident a couple weeks ago and along with a broken wrist (honey doesn't seem to help that ) I have the normal road rash on my left hand knee and foot ( the foot wound goes down to bone). I have been covering the wounds with honey daily the hand is just a little pink now, the knee has a little scab and the foot is getting there slowly. All have healed better and faster than if i had done nothing or neosporin. On a side note my mother had a diabetic sore on her stomach that would NOT heal. She went through several courses of antibiotics to no avail. I finally convinced her to use honey, the sore was healed in a matter of days.


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Grammy-winning singer Melissa Etheridge has announced two New Zealand tour dates - but fans are going to have to wait half a year to see her.
The Ain't It Heavy singer is performing at Auckland's Civic Theatre on July 6, and Wellington's Michael Fowler Centre on July 7.
Tickets for the all ages shows go on pre-sale on November 14, and on general release on November 18.
Meanwhile, Auckland fans of Bon Iver need to book some flights if they want to see the folksy singer-songwriter in action.
Bon Iver is performing at Wellington's Town Hall on February 27 and 28 as part of the New Zealand International Arts Festival.
Tickets for the shows go on general release from November 14.
Finally, South Island New Year's festival Earthtonz has added a selection of new acts to a bill that already includes Tommy Lee, The Crystal Method, The Freestylers and DJ Muggs.
Playing on a second stage will be Knights of the Dub Table Soundsystem, Hunting Bears, Simple Thieves, Rhythmonyx, The Station Agents, Dub Side, Getto Blaster and The Fletcherz.
Earthtonz runs from December 30 - January 1 at Gibbston Valley in Queenstown.
- Herald online


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MLPs Look Rich, But Not Relative To Treasuries, REITs – Ned Davis
Ned Davis Research Group today looks at master-limited partnerships and finds MLPs in a familiar bind for income investments: they look rich by historical standards, but they don't look rich relative to alternatives. For example, NDR compares the yield on the Alerian MLP Index versus the 10-year Treasury note:
Master Limited Partnerships have not escaped the battle of absolute versus relative valuations….. MLPs perform better when they yield a comfortable premium to government debt. Today, the spread between MLP yields and Treasurys sits well above its historic median. In other words, using this relative measure, MLPs still look attractively valued.
Next NDR compares MLPs to real-estate investment trusts, specifically the yield on the Alerian MLP Index to the yield on the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (NAREIT) Index:
Both MLPs and REITs are pass-through entities, and both attract yield-starved savers…. Historically, MLPs yield 1.65% more than REITs. During periods when this spread is above the 1.65% historic median, MLPs perform dramatically better than during periods when the yield spread is below its historic median. At 1.55%, the current spread is hovering a hair below the historic median. Using this measure, MLPs appear fairly valued.
But judging MLPs just by distributable cash flow yield, NDR says the 6.85% average DCF yield for MLPs right now is well below its long-term 9.2% median, which would make MLPs "dramatically overvalued." More from NDR:
The group is too expensive to buy here, but, with Ben Bernanke's foot placed firmly on the gas, we have a hard time envisioning a major selloff. We would be buyers of select Midstream MLPs on a moderate pullback (10-15%).
Among NDR's top picks for which MLPs it would look to buy are Energy Transfer Partners (ETP), ONEOK Partners (OKS), Enbridge Energy Partners (EEP), El Paso Pipeline Partners (EPB) and Access Midstream Partners (ACMP).


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In the 1950s, three legends were present in one city: New York. All represented different teams. There was Mantle with the Yankees, Mays with the Giants, and Snider with "Dem Bums." These team were dominant in this time. They had a total 9* World Series triumphs, 17* appearances, and 7* match-ups between each other from 1947 (Duke's first year) to 1957 (Giants' last year in New York).
Has any other city had such dominant teams and/or players that could match this?
*Does not include every single game


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Arsenal's former charity of the season 2008/09, Teenage Cancer Trust has announced the line-up for this year's shows at the Royal Albert Hall which take place from 30 March to 3 April 2012.
Thursday 29 March: Paul McCartney
Friday 30 March: Example
Saturday 31 March: Pulp
Sunday 1 April: Jessie J
Monday 2 April: An evening of comedy hosted by Jason Manford plus special guests
Tuesday 3 April: Florence + the Machine
One of the most successful singer-songwriters in music history, Paul McCartney, will perform for Teenage Cancer Trust on Thursday 29 March. A 15-time Grammy winner and recipient of The Recording Academy's Lifetime Achievement and Trustees Awards, McCartney's list of accolades reads like no other. The start of 2012 has seen Paul release a new album Kisses On The Bottom and tracks from this new record will be performed on this special night.
In an intimate preview of his first UK arena tour in April, Brit nominated artist Example, will headline on Friday 30 March.
Pulp, the band that defined the sound of a generation with classic albums including His 'N' Hers, This is Hardcore and Mercury Music Prize winner Different Class, will perform on Saturday 31 March. Recently awarded the Teenage Cancer Trust Outstanding Contribution to Music NME Award, the original line up (Nick Banks, Jarvis Cocker, Candida Doyle, Steve Mackey and Mark Webber) will perform some of their greatest hits from the last two decades.
After selling one million records in the UK, 2011 Brit Winner and three time Brit Award nominee for 2012, Jessie J returns to Teenage Cancer Trust at the Royal Albert Hall as headliner on Sunday 1 April. Set list favourites include her number one hit singles 'Price Tag' and 'Domino' from her platinum selling debut album 'Who You Are.'
For those that like a laugh, the multi-award winning and effortlessly entertaining Jason Manford returns to Teenage Cancer Trust's shows for the third time. He will host an evening of comedy on Monday 2 April. Special guests to be announced soon.
The unsurpassable Florence + the Machine will play an explosive grand finale on Tuesday 3 April. This is an unmissable chance to see Florence + the Machine in the intimate setting of the Royal Albert Hall, whose grand design perfectly complements the band's huge sound.
Teenage Cancer Trust's longstanding patron and Arsenal fan, The Who front man, Roger Daltrey CBE, has been the driving force behind these concerts for over a decade. Roger said, "Every year my team and I work really hard to make these concerts for Teenage Cancer Trust something special. This year is no exception and the line up of artists donating their time and talent is incredible, I hope there's something for everyone.
"I'm proud to be a patron of Teenage Cancer Trust. I've been involved for nearly 20 years, and this is the twelfth year we've staged these shows. I might be a rock star, but I'm also a dad. I know teenagers aren't children, and they're certainly not quite adults either. They're a group all on their own and they need to be recognized as that. The work Teenage Cancer Trust does building hospitals wards that don't feel like hospitals and bringing these young people with cancer together is invaluable. So to all parents out there, these are your teenagers, support this charity. "
Eleven years of concerts have raised over £14 million for Teenage Cancer Trust, making a real difference to the lives of thousands of young people with cancer. All money raised has helped the charity to build more specialist teenage cancer units in NHS hospitals across the UK, allowing young people to be treated together with others their own age, in an environment suited to their needs.
Arsenal supported Teenage Cancer Trust during 2008/09 season to raise funds to create a unique unit for young cancer patients within a brand new day care cancer centre based at University College Hospital, London due to open later this year. The partnership raised over £500,000 through the 'Be a Gooner. Be a Giver.' campaign which sees supporters, staff and players donating generously to the cause.
Tickets, from £25 (plus booking fee), will be available from 9.30am on Friday 24 February 2012. For further information visit: www.teenagecancertrust.orgCopyright 2017 The Arsenal Football Club plc. Permission to use quotations from this article is granted subject to appropriate credit being given to www.arsenal.com as the source


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Volume II
Montclair Public Schools Magnet Program, New Jersey
What's New
Secretary Paige praises the "Educational Revolution" based on the accountability and parental choice provisions of No Child Left Behind; National Center for Education Statistics releases NAEP study of charter schools and highlights from the latest TIMSS report; Regional Advisory Committees have a new website for comment on 20 comprehensive centers; OII holds next Innovations in Education Exchange on "Lessons Learned from Education Service Providers;" Professor Caroline Hoxby releases study of charter schools; History Now features articles by noted historians, lesson plan, links to related websites, and bibliographies; and Kennedy School research centers launch Government Innovators Network.
Innovations in the News
High Tech High in Los Angeles opens, plus information on charter schools, economics education, teacher quality, and technology.
Every School a Magnet School
Looking at the Montclair (NJ) magnet program is like looking through a kaleidoscope. The variety of choices unfolds before your eyes: some schools emphasize arts and science, while others feature technology or social studies. However, the different patterns center around one focal point: closing the achievement gap. The goal of the district is to offer choices within a rigorous educational program that "not only meets, but exceeds, the New Jersey core content standards."
What began as a desegregation solution 30 years ago has become the norm in the almost all-magnet district, which after an independent evaluation in 1989 found that racial balance had been attained, but achievement of students of color was considerably lower than that of white students in the district. Today, not one of the 11 schools in the district, including six Title I schools, has been designated as "in need of improvement" under No Child Left Behind. Moreover, 93 percent of the district's high school students go on to college, including 87 percent of the African American students.
The district attributes its success to five factors:
- high quality teachers and administrators;
- rigorous standards-based curriculum;
- continuous parental involvement;
- voluntary busing; and
- staggered school opening and dismissal schedules.
Parental involvement, busing that is available but not mandatory, and staggered schedules are components that add up to customer service in Montclair. Simply put, the system is popular with parents because it meets their needs.
Each school has a certain amount of independence to craft a curriculum and a schedule to address student needs. The Renaissance Middle School, for example, has an interdisciplinary curriculum, designed by the teachers, which is based on state standards and revolves around tasks that assess achievement at critical points. The principal not only manages the school, but also teaches, and the teachers participate in on-going seminars, cross-disciplinary reading, and collaborative planning to enhance student work.
In addition, the school uses resources from the community, including physical education facilities at the Montclair YMCA and the art-rich environment of the Montclair Art Museum. The school also brings in teachers from other schools in the district as part-time instructors for specific skills, and students take field trips every six weeks to such places as Philadelphia, when studying the American Revolution, or to see French plays, when studying French (all students learn a foreign language).
Renaissance Middle School is uniquely structured, as well. Each student is placed in one of four units in the school, and students work in the four core subject areas—language arts, social studies, science, and math—for 75 minutes twice a week. Math and writing instruction is fortified by two additional 60-minute periods of instruction two days a week. The school also has an extended day four times a week, which results in 196 additional hours of instructional time during the school year. The extended day includes regular tutoring and study periods.
The Montclair School District has received several grants from the U.S. Department of Education for its magnet program. In 1998 the school district received a $1.8 million grant to improve the quality of the three middle schools over a three-year period under the OII-managed Magnet Schools Assistance Program.
The Montclair school district is profiled in OII's book, Innovations in Education: Creating Successful Magnet Schools Programs, which was released in October.
- Montclair Public Schools
- Magnet Schools Assistance Program
- Creating Successful Magnet Schools Programs
What's New
Editor's Note
The Education Innovator will take a holiday break over the next two weeks. Look for the next issue around January 10.
From the U.S. Department of Education
Secretary Paige praised the "Educational Revolution" based on the accountability and parental choice provisions of No Child Left Behind in a farewell address. Of choice, he said that it is now "an indelible part of the education lexicon." (Dec. 14)
The National Center for Education Statistics released the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) Pilot Study of Charter Schools.
The National Center for Education Statistics released Highlights from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2003, which shows that U.S. fourth and eighth graders scored above the international average in the 46-nation study, but still far behind the frontrunners. (Dec. 14)
The U.S. Department of Education has launched a website for the Regional Advisory Committees to the U.S. Secretary of Education as the primary venue for public comment, written testimony, and reports regarding the establishment of 20 comprehensive centers to provide technical assistance on issues related to No Child Left Behind. (Dec. 16)
From OII
OII will hold its next Innovations in Education Exchange on "Lessons Learned from Education Service Providers" on January 28, from 9:00 -11:00 a.m., in the Barnard Auditorium, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue, SW, Washington, DC. To register for the event, email firstname.lastname@example.com by January 20. (Dec. 15)
Charter Schools
Harvard Professor of Economics Caroline Hoxby released a study of charter schools, Achievement in Charter Schools and Regular Public Schools in the United States, showing that charter school students are more likely to be proficient in reading and math than their peers in "matched" traditional public schools. (Dec. 2004)
The latest issue of History Now, the new online American history journal from the Gilder Lehrman Institute, examines the history of slavery from primary sources, including an article about the artifacts of slave resistance. History Now features articles by noted historians, lesson plan, links to related websites, and bibliographies. (Dec. 15)
Two Kennedy School research centers at Harvard have teamed up to create the Government Innovators Network as a way to share ideas in every sector of government, including education, and to offer research, exemplary programs, and items in the news. The network also publishes a weekly newsletter, Innovators Insights, and has launched a website. (December 2004)
Innovations in the News
Charter Schools
High Tech High, a new charter school with some of the most advanced technologies used in the classroom, is up and running in the Los Angeles Unified School District. The program is an FY 2003 OII grantee. [More-eSchool News] (Dec. 16)
A group of parents, graduate students, teachers, and Penn State educators wants to start an elementary charter school with an international focus that would include teaching each student two foreign languages. [More-Centre Daily] (Dec. 16)
Charter schools are cropping up in American Indian communities in states such as California, Arizona, and New Mexico. Tribal officials see the start-up schools as a chance to reach a generation of American Indian students who have dropped out or drifted through traditional public schools. [More-Statesman Journal] (Dec. 16)
The concept of charter schools appears to be catching on in Baltimore. Two community groups recently submitted plans for more charter schools in the city. Five new charters will open there in the fall. [More-WBAL] (Dec. 14)
Economics Education
The Bedford County (VA) school system had a strong showing in a nationwide Stock Market Game sponsored by the nonprofit Foundation for Investor Education. The school system and others in Central Virginia benefited from workshops hosted by Lynchburg College's Center for Economic Education. [More-Lynchburg News and Advance] (Dec. 16)
The New York State Council on Economic Education's mission is to help students become financially and economically literate, and one of the ways they do so is by bringing workshops and training to economics teachers throughout the state. [More-Zqwire] (Nov. 25)
Odessa College and the College of the Southwest (NM) are planning digitally televised distance education with a $3,345,661 grant from the U.S. Department of Education. The grant will be used to improve Hispanic, low-income, and rural students' access to college degree programs. [More-Odessa American] (Dec. 2)
A group of sixth-grade students at Robert Moore School in Fort Frances, Ontario, Canada, gave a lesson in Ojibwe and performed a traditional dance for observers in more than 30 countries via videoconference as part of "Megaconference VI"—an annual worldwide videoconference organized by volunteer teachers, students, and school technology leaders in the United States. [More-Fort Frances Times] (Dec. 15)
The Association for Career and Technical Education declared a Purdue University technology education program to be the best in the nation. The program prepares educators to expose middle and high school students to career options available in technology and engineering fields, The recognition is for quality coursework and abilities and contributions of the program's graduates. [More-Inside Indiana Business] (Dec. 14)
Last Modified: 05/02/2008


text: I don't hate this pick. I like his size but worry about his athleticism. I like what I've read about his skill. He should pass CV on the depth chart in about 15 minutes or so. I must say I'm shocked that Joe chose sitting back and doing nothing over taking a big swing at something. I would have liked Cousins just for the chance, but this could have been worse. The worse thing about this pick is it says it will (probably) be a long long time before the Pistons are back. That was probably the case anyways.


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Crosslake WinterFest Ice Races attracts 26 entries
There were a total of 26 entries for the Crosslake WinterFest Ice Races on Saturday, Feb. 2.
Taking first in the studded tire class was Isaac Wannebo of Manhattan Beach in car No. 7x, with second place going to Shawn Pratt from Merrifield in the Superman car. Drew Seeker from Crosslake captured third place in car 13.
In the age 15 and under class, Logan Pratt of Merrifield in the T4 car took first with Dylan Nelson, also from Merrifield, in car No. 5, taking second, and Sarah Hines from Randall in car 21 taking third.
In the rubber class, Shawn Pratt in his other Superman car took first, with Matt Borden in his other car 80 in second and Eli Baca from Crosslake in the 110 car taking third.
Ice racing takes places at noon every Saturday on Big Pine Lake in front of the Cedar Chest as long as ice conditions permit. Spectators are welcome; admission is free.


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Mount Diablo State Park reopened to visitors Monday and nearby roads are open with all trails accessible. Park visitors are advised to be cautious about activities that could spark a fire.
Read the full story here Web Link posted Monday, September 16, 2013, 12:48 PM
Town Square
Mount Diablo State Park reopens following fire
Original post made on Sep 16, 2013
Like this commentPosted by Dan Kibler
a resident of Danville
on Sep 16, 2013 at 1:10 pm
A big thanks to all the fire fighters and support crew who worked so hard to keep the fire away from our homes and businesses.


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Hello all,
We just purchased 50 new mini mating nucs from Mann Lake. They are the IN-140's, seen online at http://www.mannlakeltd.com/beekeepin...es/page60.html. They are constructed from high-density styrofoam, and I am wondering how long and how well they hold to the sun and other elements. I have seen them painted, and I'm wondering if it is worth taking the time to give them a quick coat of paint. Also, would painting them different colors help with drifting? Thanks in advance for your help.