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Brian Hayes
Mechanizing Proof: Computing, Risk, and Trust. Donald MacKenzie. xii + 427 pp. The MIT Press. 2001. $45.
Among all mechanical contrivances, the digital computer seems closest to the deterministic world of mathematics and logic. Indeed, the components of computer circuits are called logic gates. Their operation should be completely predictable. But anyone who has ever taken mouse in hand knows that computers are the most failure-prone, fickle and unpredictable machines we meet in daily life. (No one ever has to reboot a refrigerator.)
Donald MacKenzie's Mechanizing Proof illuminates this curious situation by exploring the concept of proof as it is understood both in mathematics and in computer science. These two disciplines—or cultures—are closely related and yet sometimes estranged. The idea of proof turns out to be a crucial meeting ground between them, where similarities and differences come into sharp focus.
MacKenzie's story has two mirror-image aspects. On the one hand, computers can help construct proofs in mathematics; on the other, proof techniques borrowed from mathematics might help in constructing correct computer programs.
The pioneer among programs for creating mathematical proofs was the Logic Theory Machine of Herbert Simon and Allen Newell, which proved its first theorem in 1956. (The theorem, hardly an earthshaking novelty, states that if a proposition implies its own negation, then the proposition must be false.) Most of the proof-building programs were intended to assist human mathematicians—or else be assisted by them—but at least one intrepid program was set loose to explore basic mathematics on its own. That program, written by Douglas Lenat, started out with some elementary concepts in set theory and logic; Lenat reported that the program independently discovered the idea of numbers and even went on to conjecture the fundamental theorem of arithmetic (that every number can be factored into primes in just one way). The claims of independent discovery were not universally accepted.
The most famous use of a computer in mathematics came in the proof of the four-color theorem, an episode that gets a full chapter in MacKenzie's book. The theorem states that no more than four colors are ever needed on a map where any two countries sharing a boundary line must have different colors. The proof was completed in 1976 by Wolfgang Haken, Kenneth Appel and John Koch with assistance from a computer at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The computer was hardly a full intellectual partner in this undertaking; its task was merely to check the properties of some 1,936 specific map configurations. Nevertheless, the proof stirred controversy, and some questioned whether it should be admitted into the literature of mathematics, on the grounds that no (human) mathematician could follow the argument in full detail.
Since the 1970s, controversy over the role of computers in mathematics seems to have died down—but so has much of the enthusiasm. Automated theorem proving has become a small subspecialty within the field of artificial intelligence, which itself is considerably diminished. The major mathematics journals have not been flooded with machine-generated proofs. For more routine tasks, the computer is accepted as just another tool of the trade, not much more exciting than chalk.
The flow of ideas in the opposite direction—applying the methods of mathematical proof to computers and computations—also has a troubled history. The notion seems natural enough: We can prove that the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the sides of a right triangle, so why not prove the correctness of a computer program for calculating the hypotenuse? In the 1960s John McCarthy, Edsger W. Dijkstra and others campaigned strenuously for such a rigorous, mathematical approach to programming, and the formal verification of software became a major research topic in computer science. But today proofs of large programs are seldom attempted; instead, most software engineering still relies on cycles of testing and debugging and patching.
Skeptics argue that formal software verification is doomed to fail, because the task is logically impossible. James H. Fetzer wrote in 1988 that applying the concept of proof to software is a "category mistake," because programs exist in the imperfect world of physical objects, not in the mathematical realm of exact knowledge; in other words, programs are empirical rather than empyrean. Whether or not this supposed flaw is truly fatal, it seems somewhat beside the point: In practice, lesser impediments tend to derail software proofs long before such airy philosophical issues ever have a chance to be tested. Here is a simple example of what can go wrong: Although the statements of many programming languages look much like mathematical equations, their semantics can be far more complicated. An innocent-looking program statement such as x = y + 1 is meant to assign a new value to the variable named x, specifically the value of y + 1. The assignment statement appears to do nothing else, but in fact x could refer to the same location in memory as y, with the result that the value of y is altered as well, behind the programmer's back. The need to keep track of all possible interactions of this kind makes a software proof much more tedious and intricate than a typical proof in mathematics.
The obvious way to tame this complexity is to close the loop and recruit the computer itself as an aid in constructing proofs of computer programs. Indeed, yet another twist is to ask the prover program to prove itself correct. This is a dream that has not been abandoned, but it hasn't been achieved yet either. MacKenzie reports that a proof program called ACL2 is at work on proving the correctness of its own implementation.
MacKenzie is a sociologist, which may seem an unlikely calling for someone writing about mathematical proof. There is an explanation: A central question about proof, which comes up over and over in this narrative, is whether it should be viewed as a formal exercise in deductive logic, or whether it is really just a social process by which people reach consensus about what is true. MacKenzie is not at all dogmatic about the answer, and he allows both sides to state their case.
Moreover, Mechanizing Proof is not just a book about the sociology of science. Along the way MacKenzie offers a well-informed, nontechnical description of the underlying issues in mathematics and computer science. All of the appropriate literature has been consulted, and much additional material comes from dozens of interviews conducted by MacKenzie and his students and colleagues. The book tells lots of stories (starting with the famous occasion when a newly commissioned computer at the North American Air Defense Command mistook the rising moon for a volley of Soviet missiles). The subject is the search for rigor, but the prose is pleasantly informal.—Brian Hayes
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Free Bone and Joint Pain Screenings
Floyd Memorial will be hosting a free joint pain screening of knees or hip featuring x-rays and consultations with an orthopedic surgeon. You'll also get an opportunity to meet the team of experts who will work with you every step of the way before and after your surgery.
Saturday, Apr 27, 2013 7:00 am - 12:00 pm FREE
Baptist Health Floyd Wound Healing Center 1850 State Street New Albany, IN

subset: commoncrawl


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Kidney Disease Treatment Options
Participants will have the opportunity to learn about the types of treatment for kidney disease including hemodialysis (home and in-center), peritoneal dialysis for home and kidney transplantation. Call 502-895-7650 for more information.
Wednesday, Dec 18, 2013 10:00 am - 12:00 pm FREE
Baptist Health Floyd 1850 State Street New Albany, IN


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Is as expected, ground up chia seeds. Advantage over whole seeds is that it mixes easily with water. When I use whole seeds I generally have to wait 5 minutes for the seeds to completely absorb the water. Chia meal has a mild nutty taste. Good for cereals, cooking, gravy thickener, etc. If you're put off by the texture or look of whole chia seeds then this is for you. I'd have preferred they sell this as 16oz rather than 12oz.
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She likes it in yogurt which makes for a filling snack to help her eat less. Being fiber rich also helps with going to the bathroom. Also very nutricious.
Nature's Answer, Chia Meal, 12 oz (340.5 g)
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Architect David Mayernik
Expert to discuss Renaissance mind, arts
By James M. Benavides
Public Affairs Specialist
(Oct. 29, 2008)--The UTSA College of Architecture will present a lecture by architect David Mayernik, an authority on the classical renaissance in architecture and the arts, at 6 p.m., Thursday, Oct. 30 at the Buena Vista Street Building Aula Canaria (1.328) at the Downtown Campus. Mayernik will speak on "Italy and the Renaissance Mind: What the Past Has to Teach Us Today." The lecture is free and open to the public.
Today's headlines
- La Prensa Foundation is newest member of UTSA Lone Star Society
- UTSA alumna Jordan Kaufmann wins $50K for new stent-graft start-up
- UTSA begins new way-finding sign installation this summer at Main Campus
- USA Today: UTSA long jumper Tyler Williamson rescues three-year-old boy
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Mayernik will discuss his research on the multi-disciplined Renaissance mind and how he uses the philosophy in his own work. The presentation will include his perspectives on the articulate buildings of Pienza, the dramatic narratives of the Palazzo Te in Mantova and the urban theater of Andrea Palladio's Vicenza.
"David Mayernik's lecture will be a treat for anyone interested in Italian Renaissance architecture and art," said Robert Baron, interim dean of the College of Architecture. "He has a unique perspective, as he understands this rich tradition from the inside as a practicing classical architect, fresco painter and story teller."
Mayernik is the author of "Timeless Cities: An Architect's Reflection on Renaissance Italy," which is used as a textbook in UTSA architecture classes in the study abroad program. The book discusses the civic mythology in Rome, Venice, Florence, Siena and Pienza from antiquity to the Enlightenment.
Mayernik is an associate professor at the University of Notre Dame School of Architecture. His training encompasses a variety of disciplines including architecture, urban planning and fine art. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Rome and winner of the Gabriel Prize for research in Paris.
For more information, contact the UTSA College of Architecture at (210) 458-3090 or visit DavidMayernik.com.


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Flathead horse racing may be done
KALISPELL, Mont. - Horse racing may be gone for good in the Flathead, as Northwest Montana Fair Organizers discuss tearing down the track.
Horse racing was put on hiatus at the fair in 2007 and made a brief return in 2010 and 2011 before being held off again for financial reasons.
Officials tell NBC Montana that tearing down the track and barns could make way for a new parking lot.
We spoke to a member of the Montana Board of Horse Racing who told us the races may not be as popular as a concert, but they do benefit the local economy.
"That money gets spread across all these horsemen and all these vendors that travel with these horsemen in terms of shoers and vets and feed suppliers and stuff like that. That money never leaves the community. For the most part, 95 percent of that money's staying right there," said Tom Tucker, the executive secretary of the Montana Board of Horse Racing.
We sorted through more statistics about that money, and found that the last time races were at the Northwest Montana Fair, the Montana Board of Horse Racing shows $117,455 was wagered in bets over three days of racing. Those numbers were up from the year before in 2010.
Only two tracks ran races this year in the entire state. In Miles City they ran three days of racing with a total of $106,266 wagered. The state fair in Great Falls had some big numbers this year. People there wagered a total of $374,475.


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The 2016 Unicorn Darts range is the exhilaration of excellence blending 75 years of experience with innovation and state of the art technologies. Working with UniBoffin and our world championship team we bring you our finest ever darts, backed up with an impressive range of accessories to enhance your skill.
For the latest news Unicorn products and players, major tournaments, competitions and insights. Led by Styart Pyke, we bring you news from around the world of darts.
Team Unicorn is without doubt the finest team of international darts players in the world containing more major tournament wins and winners than any other. It is perhaps the greatest recommendation of the brand that so many great professionals use and promote Unicorn Darts.
Unicorn Community continues to expand on a daily basis. Unicorn's Website, YouTube, Facebook. UniLab, UniScore, 180 Club and Sigma Owners Club are all attracting new followers. Competitions, Heritage, finishing tips and "how to play" videos are all here. Thank you for being part of the Unicorn Community.
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We are the choice of Champions and the choice of millions of darts players around the world. Read more about our heritage


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Research Milestones
For more than 100 years, Notre Dame researchers have been at the forefront of numerous pioneering developments:
- In 1893, 10 years before the Wright brothers' first flight, Notre Dame engineering professor Albert Zahm organized the first International Aeronautic Congress in Chicago. Based upon experiments on campus, he presented a paper that proposed the first modern method for launching airplanes and manually controlling them in flight by using rotating wing parts to balance the aircraft laterally and a double tail to control pitching and side-to-side movement.
- Jerome J. Green, a member of Notre Dame's engineering faculty 1895-1914, was a pioneer of wireless communication. Guided by the findings of Guglielmo Marconi, Green became the first American to transmit a wireless message—from Notre Dame to neighboring Saint Mary's College.
- Beginning in 1907, Notre Dame priest and professor Rev. Julius Nieuwland, C.S.C., conducted research that 25 years later led to the discovery of the formulae for synthetic rubber. Produced commercially by the DuPont Company under the brand name Neoprene, the highly elastic material is used for products ranging from water-faucet washers to gasoline-pump hoses to the adhesive strips on disposable diapers.
- In the 1930s, professors Edward A. Coomes and George B. Collins led a research team that was the first to use an electronstatic generator to accelerate electrons and the first to disintegrate the nucleus of an atom with electrons. They built a larger electronstatic generator with nearly double the voltage of the first that was used by the Manhattan Project during World War II to study the effects of radiation on matter.
- Germ-free technology developed by professors James Reyniers and Morris Pollard at Notre Dame's LOBUND Laboratory has played a significant role in bone-marrow treatment for leukemia and Hodgkins disease, the prevention of colon cancer, and the use of nutrition in preventing prostate cancer.
- Biologist George B. Craig Jr. was one of the world's foremost experts on mosquitoes and their disease-carrying capabilities. For two decades he studied the genetics of Aedes aegypti, the Yellow Fever mosquito, using it to better understand disease transmission and to experiment with genetic control techniques. His later work included study of LaCrosse encephalitis in the Midwest and the Asian Tiger mosquito's migration from Southeast Asia to the United States.
- The U.S. Department of Energy-supported Radiation Laboratory on campus has given Notre Dame the largest concentration of radiation chemists in the world, with typically 30 different external institutions represented annually on its research staff. Notre Dame was the first American university to provide formal training in radiation chemistry and it continues to be the principal source of trained postgraduates in the field.


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Both a trophy case and comfortable little sofa for your most important devices, the Converge docking station is a great way to charge your electronics and show them off at the same time. Use this and you'll never have to worry about plugging in your fancy gadgets in places where they can fall or get stepped on.
This is a sleek, very modern looking charging stand that has plenty of room for my electronics. It also helps that I've put everything into one area now, so no more "Which room did I put the phone in and where is that tablet?"
Of all the charger stands I've ever seen I think I like this one the best, because it does have plenty of room, plenty of plugs, and just looks so sleek and cool.
This stand is great if you have a lot of electronics. There is only one thing that I find inconvient, the place to put the usb cords where you plug them in is straight up and down and there is no place to loop or hook the cords onto. If you need to remove the usb cords often I do not suggest this.4
I got this docking station because I'm trying to de-clutter. It has clean lines and 4 ports so I thought it would be great on my nightstand. The docking slot wasn't deep enough for my ipad case (it kept falling out) so I modified it with a pencil and a little white duct tape. Now it's perfect!4
I really wanted a sleek charging station for my devices and this seemed to be the best choice. I bought it and really should have just returned it. The cords DO NOT wrap well inside the base, my iPhone would go in and out of charging, and my iPad (which is in a case) doesn't sit well. Not worth it.1
I bought two of these for the office because people kept borrowing my chargers and walking off with them. It's super easy to assemble and disassemble but most people are too lazy to remove the power cords so they no longer go missing. I wish they came with the cords and that the devices stood up nice and straight every time while being charged but it works!4


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///General Information
Welcome Class of 2014,
It is with great pleasure that I welcome you all to the MFA Design and Technology program at Parsons. You are about to embark on an experience of a lifetime. You'll discover things you never thought possible, make lasting friendships with an amazing group of peers and faculty members, and create an astonishingly body of work in a very short period of time.
The Bootcamp pre-orientation intensive is conceived to give you the survival skills you need to succeed in our rigorous program, begin making work right away, and establish the critical practice that embodies the MFADT program. Our goal is to create the conditions for you to work harder than you ever have before and bond the incoming class together by surviving it all together. We also hope to introduce you to the city, the school, some faculty, administration, the thesis-year candidates and, most importantly, each other.
Bootcamp is not equivalent to the regular semester experience. In fact, when classes begin, you'll realize the resemblance is minimal. However, you will get a (robust) flavor of the program culture. If you have any questions or concerns during Bootcamp, connect with your Teaching Fellows and Ryan Raffa, director of Bootcamp.
I know you'll have an amazing experience!
very best,


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Joe Rubio
UTSA Spotlight: Joe Rubio says he has the best facilities staff in the country
By James Benavides
Public Affairs Specialist
(Feb. 28, 2008)--Joe Rubio is director of facilities at the UTSA Downtown Campus.He is responsible for administration of housekeeping and facilities services staff members and maintenance of heating and air conditioning, among other systems.
Today's headlines
- La Prensa Foundation is newest member of UTSA Lone Star Society
- UTSA alumna Jordan Kaufmann wins $50K for new stent-graft start-up
- UTSA begins new way-finding sign installation this summer at Main Campus
- USA Today: UTSA long jumper Tyler Williamson rescues three-year-old boy
Article tools
JB: What is different now from 10 years ago? Are things easier? More difficult?
JR: I think that since we have grown to the level that the Downtown Campus has reached, we now have all the entities and departmental representation like the 1604 Campus, so life is good and a lot easier.
JB: What is the biggest challenge of working at Downtown Campus?
JR: The commute to and from 281 and Evans Road, but I love working at the Downtown Campus because we are like a very large family that knows each other personally. We can communicate easier and can also disagree without destroying our relationships.
JB: From your point of view, what is the Downtown Campus' role at UTSA?
JR: My personal opinion is that the Downtown Campus is the gateway to UTSA. People see us from I-35, and visitors from across the country that visit San Antonio somehow see our campus, whether it's from a trolley or when they visit El Mercado.
JB: What is the Downtown Campus' role in the community?
JR: I think that the UTSA Downtown Campus sets the pace for other universities that would like to have a major role in their community because we are located in the heart of San Antonio. That sends a message to the community and to all sections of the city that we have invested in the future of all who want to learn, immaterial of their background or social status.
JB: Describe your best day or memory at the Downtown Campus.
JR: To me, the best day at the Downtown Campus was July 2, 1997, at 10 a.m. when the ribbon was cut and the first student walked in the Frio Street Building. This same day many state and local officials also saw for the first time a state-of-the-art facility that would grow to what it is today. I am proud to have been part of that moment.
On July 1, 1997, I was asked by university officials, what could be done to make the row of trees on Durango Street -- where the Durango Building is now -- all look alike for the next day's ribbon cutting. Some were dry, some were green and some were in between.
That night the facilities staff and I painted the trees with green foliage paint so they would all look the same. The next day, I was asked how we did it. I simply said, "If it rains, do not stand under them trees." From that day to the present, I feel that I have the finest facilities staff in the country.


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Course Details
Course Description
About The Instructor
This course is held at the Robert Morris Island Center.
Session, Dates: 3 (10/20/2012 - 12/15/2012)
Days: T R
Time: 07:45 - 08:35 am
Location: Moon Campus
Room: Island Sports Center 001
Seats Available: Course Full, Choose another
Credits: 1
Golf is an instructional course for the student interested in learning this lifetime sport. Designed for the novice, the course will emphasize the many facets of golf, such as grip, stance, swing, use of various clubs, playing rules, terminology of the sport, and strategy of play. Individual attention will be given to all students to correct problems with their game. 1 credit
James A. Cichra, B.S.
Golf Director
Island Sports Center
412-397-4481 phone
Island Sports Center 001


text: IEEE's standards board recently approved revisions to an existing circuit breaker standard and gave the green light to work on further revisions to four more circuit breaker and surge protection standards. IEEE C37.14, "Standard for Low-Voltage DC Power Circuit Breakers Used in Enclosures," incorporates 1,000V and 1,200V maximum voltage ratings. It was updated to reflect comments received on peak


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Log In to abcteach
Free Account (Settings)
Celebrate and teach about Black History with abcteach. In this category, you'll find dozens of biographies with study questions for historical figures such as Frederick Douglass, Martin Luther King, Jr., Rosa Parks, Harriet Tubman, and many more.
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Four fun word puzzles with a Black History theme: Word Maze, Mystery Picture, Cryptogram, and Brain Teasers. Great for Black History Month vocabulary practice!
Make a mobile for MLK Day! This activity includes a title page and four writing prompts for students to share their dreams on a cloud mobile. See abcteach blog for instructions on how to make one today!


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Thomson's labels are well worth serious attention, says Don Kavanagh.
Once upon a time, and it wasn't that long ago, this country was a dry house for whisky drinkers. Sure, there was plenty of Scotch and Irish to be had, but locally produced whisky was not something you'd drink willingly. Not twice, anyway.
Wilson's was the big name, a blend of such monumental anonymity that the first time I tried it, I had to tie a knot around my finger to remind me I was actually drinking whisky. It wasn't all that bad, it just wasn't all that good, a pale shadow of a whisky, more ghost than spirit.
Then there was 45 South, a hideous beast that was, I think, an evil plot fomented by the prohibition lobby to frighten drinkers into sobriety. It certainly frightened the life out of me the first time I tried it.
Oddly enough, the Willowbank Distillery in Dunedin that made these whiskies was also responsible for Lammerlaw, a single malt of considerable charm. Not only was it a nicely delicate, floral, aperitif malt but it was good enough to sell reasonably well in Scotland, which is no mean feat.
When the distillery closed the barrels of whisky that were left over ended up in various places. Some were exported to Scotland just recently, in a coup for the New Zealand Malt whisky company. And more of it ended up in the hands of Mathew Thomson, a whisky lover who has been busy establishing his own brand in the past couple of years.
He deserves to succeed, too, for the whiskies are great.
There's an eight-year-old blend, which recently came out on top in a tasting I was at and is a cracking drop for a blend. It has a good proportion of malt in it, which gives it a richness and smoothness that is missing in some blends.
The 10-year-old malt is another lovely whisky. Light and quite floral, it has a lovely butterscotch character on the palate and a fine, long finish.
Top of the Thomson tree is the 18-year-old, a quite wonderful whisky with real depth and complexity. It's rich and rewarding, with a lovely spice and dried fruit character; it warms the cockles brilliantly, with a long golden finish. You'll find Thomson's in good liquor shops or specialty retailers. The labels are well worth investigating, not just because they are from New Zealand but because they are very good whiskies indeed.


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As we are nearing the end of Sexual Assault Awareness Month (SAAM), I have been thinking about the organization and implementation of sexual violence activism. From large-scale demonstrations like Take Back the Night, to small coalition meetings, it is crucial to keep the experience of sexual violence central to activism in SAAM and throughout the year.
There is no doubt that we live in a culture that permits and excuses sexual violence and perpetuates the suffering associated with victimization ("rape culture"). While it's helpful to point out the problems associated with "rape culture," it is so very important to think about how we, as activists, inhabit spaces dedicated to combating "rape culture" to make these spaces fully supportive for survivors of violence. Here is a (non-exhaustive) list of ways to improve activist events to ensure they can be productive in combating "rape culture" while providing support for those who have experienced sexual violence.
1. Ground Rules: Lay out some ground rules, write them down, talk about them, and make them visible. Ground rules will look different for various events/groups and should be based on a discussion with all participants. Come up with them organically with your group. Covering ground rules first will help "break the ice" and to form a group consensus about how the event/meeting will proceed.
2. Safety and Accessibility: Make sure to plan ahead and think of ways to make the space more accessible and safe. Think about the place the event will be held in. Is it accessible to everyone? Are the exits marked? How is the room set up? Is the event private? One of the most common feelings after experiencing trauma is being hyper-aware of the space around you. Make your space as physically comfortable and safe as possible for everyone.
3. Be present: It is really important to be present in discussions about sexual violence. Think about what being "not present" might look like (i.e. texting or using other devices throughout the meeting, drinking alcohol, getting up to do something non-essential, etc). Try your best to be present and look present out of respect for the sensitivity of the subject matter and to honor the courage it takes to talk about it. When talking about something sensitive like sexual violence it is totally okay to want to dissociate, or "space out," and you probably aren't the only person feeling that way. However, be mindful of what your dissociation may look like to someone else. Don't let it be mistaken for apathy. And if you need step out for a bit to process what you are feeling, go for it.
4. Check your privilege: Think about what is informing your knowledge of sexual violence. While your experiences may have directed your knowledge of sexual violence, it is important to understand that not everyone had those same experiences, and others may have different ones. Use this time to learn from others about how dynamic of a problem sexual violence is.
5. Speaking: Is everyone being heard? While everyone may not want to speak at your event, if someone does choose to speak, make sure their voice is heard. If someone says something that you believe is not appropriate, speak up if you feel comfortable enough to do so (chances are you are not alone in how you are feeling!).
6. Process: Depending on the event (large scale event vs. small scale meeting / public vs. private) consider reflecting on the event with your fellow organizers and participants. Use this opportunity to think of ways to improve and incorporate new ideas.
7. Make support available: If there are advocates with experience working with sexual violence survivors at your event that would like to volunteer their support, let everyone know! Introduce them and explain their background and training. If possible, designate a place where the advocate can be available to talk. Also, try to find some local and national advocacy groups to share with the group. Here are some great resources:
- Local english/spanish: Safe Horizon Rape Crisis/Sexual Abuse Hotline 212-227-3000 TDD: 866.604.5350
- LGBTQH english/spanish: Anti-Violence Project: 212-714-1141
- NY Asian Women's Center Multilingual Hotline: 1-888-888-7702
- Orthodox Victims of Rape and Incest (SOVRI): 212-844-1495.
- Rape Abuse and Incest National Network at 1-800-656-HOPE (4673) Online: https://ohl.rainn.org/online/
What is essential to sexual violence activism is to create a space where survivors of violence can feel like they can participate and be in a safe place. For many survivors who have suffered the trauma of sexual violence, engaging in activism may prove difficult. By making these spaces more supportive, survivors' agency will be fostered, and these voices, which are so important to this activism, will be heard.


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Micronit has been involved in several projects for developing microbioreactors based on microfluidics. Microbioreactors for culturing cells, tissue or microorganisms are of interest for several (bio)medical and pharmaceutical applications like tissue engineering, organ-on-chip and high-throughput drug screening. The integration of complex microfluidic flow networks with culture chambers/microwells into a biochip is one of Micronit's core competences.
One example of using this microbioreactor technology in a potential (high-throughput) pharmaceutical application is the development of a zebrafish embryo microfluidic flow-through system. This project has been carried out together with the Institute of Biology at Leiden University. A summary of the published paper [1] is given below.
(Adapted from Ref. 1 with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry)
Zebrafish embryos are commonly cultured in microtitre plates using cell culture protocols with static buffer replacement. Such protocols are highly invasive, consume large quantities of reagents and do not readily permit high-quality imaging. Zebrafish embryos have previously been cultured in static microfluidic drops and have also been raised in a prototype PDMS setup in a Petri dish. Other than this, no animal embryo has ever been shown to undergo embryonic development in a microfluidic flow-through system. A specialized lab-on-a-chip has been developed and prototyped, made from bonded layers of borosilicate glass.
The zebrafish embryos can develop in the chip for 5 days, with continuous buffer flow at pressures of 0.005–0.04 MPa. Survival rates of 100% could be reached with buffer flows of 2 ml per well per min. High quality imaging was possible. More than 100 embryos could be cultured in an area, excluding infrastructure, smaller than a credit card. This paper discusses how biochip technology, coupled with zebrafish embryos, could allow biological research to be conducted in massive, parallel experiments, at high speed and low cost.


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Fifth Anniversary for No Child Left Behind
Empowering Parents
Spellings Speaks on International Education
Around the Country
Q & A Glossary
News Show Celebrates No Child Left Behind
New Design for FREE Web Site
Fifth Anniversary for No Child Left Behind
Landmark Legislation Has Changed Landscape of American Education
This month marks the fifth anniversary of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), the bipartisan legislation signed into law by President George W. Bush on Jan. 8, 2002, to reform America's public schools. The law is based on four principles: 1) stronger accountability for results; 2) greater flexibility for states and communities; 3) proven education methods; and 4) more choices for parents.
"At its heart, [NCLB] was intended to help teachers help students reach their potential," said U.S. Secretary of Education Margaret Spellings at a national summit on the law held last April.
Ultimately, NCLB set a historic goal for the country: every child reading and doing math at grade level by 2014. Schools are held accountable for students achieving annual progress toward proficiency in those subjects based on state standards. Performance is measured in grades 3-8 and once in high school by state assessments that must be reported by income level, race and ethnicity, disability and limited English proficiency to ensure that no child falls through the cracks.
Since its enactment, test results have shown that the law is working. "The achievement gap that has persisted for decades in the younger years between minorities and whites has shrunk to its smallest size in history," said Spellings. The most recent Nation's Report Card also revealed that America's fourth-graders posted the best scores in reading and math in the history of the 30-plus-year-old report, while eighth-graders earned the highest math scores ever.
Among its efforts for improving student achievement, NCLB has introduced free tutoring for children from low-income families in persistently underperforming schools, the Reading First program to boost literacy skills in the early grades, and grants to improve teacher quality. In addition, federal funding for it has increased by 34 percent over the life of the lawfrom $17 billion in 2001 to $23 billion in 2006.
The No Child Left Behind Act is due to be reauthorized this year. President Bush has pledged to work with Congress to ensure that the accountability measures that have led to academic gains as well as the nation's commitment to NCLB's 2014 goal remain in tact.
For more information about the No Child Left Behind Act, visit http://www.ed.gov/nclb/.
Empowering Parents
Response Soars for Supplemental Educational Services Option in Indianapolis
The after-school tutoring program in Indianapolis could not have come at a better time for the Jessie family. Jodi Jessie said her children had been struggling with their schoolwork, so she had been looking into getting their teachers to work with them for maybe an afternoon or two. "And then they came around with this tutoring program, which they can do Monday through Thursday," she said. "That was even better. So I just went ahead and put them in it."
Provided free of charge, it was a huge savings for the mother of eight whose four children in grades 1-4 qualified for the service. Last September, after their school did not meet the state's adequate yearly progress (AYP) goals for a third consecutive year, they became eligible to either receive free tutoring or transfer to another school.
For Jessie, it was a no-brainer: "My kids have been going there since kindergarten. I went there. My husband went there. And the school is great. The teachers are awesome. The principal is amazing. So it never crossed my mind to take them out of that school."
Introduced by the No Child Left Behind Act, the extra academic help is an effort to help those who need it most: students from low-income families in consistently low-performing schools. The law requires that school districts offer supplemental educational services (SES) to students who: 1) qualify for free or reduced-price lunches; and 2) attend schools receiving Title I funds (federal dollars for high-poverty schools) that have been identified as "in need of improvement" for a second year for failing to meet AYP for three straight years. The school district covers the cost; parents select the tutoring organization they feel is best for their child.
"It really empowers parents," said Carrie Reinking, who coordinates the SES program for Indianapolis Public Schools.
This school year, with the support of federal funding, Indianapolis will spend more than $4 million on supplemental educational services to help several thousand students in grades K-8 improve their knowledge and skills in core subjects while their schools undergo improvements. Approximately $1,500 has been allotted per student to pay for tutoring sessions that vary in number based on SES providers' hourly rates.
Providers, which may include high-performing public and private schools as well as community and faith-based organizations, are approved and monitored by states. At the local level, school districts supply parents of eligible children with a list of qualified providers serving the area, from which they may make their selection. Then the districts, which broker the contract and manage all logistics, arrange a meeting with the parent, provider and a district staff member to discuss specific goals for the child, set up a schedule for services, and decide how the child's progress will be measured.
According to recent records, Indianapolis has one of the highest participation rates in the country, with 64 percent of the 3,500 eligible students signing up for tutoring in the 2005-06 school year. (The 2006-07 rate will not be available until the final audit in August.) As the largest school system in the state, Indianapolis Public Schools facilitates services for 16 eligible schools, a number that has quadrupled since the program's start in 2002.
Several factors account for the large enrollment: an aggressive outreach effort that involves notifying parents at the beginning of the school year about their child's eligibility; regular provider fairs that allow tutoring companies to describe the scope of their services; and open houses and other parent events year-round that give Reinking and fellow coordinator Sylvia Myles a continuous platform to speak about the program's benefits.
However, it's not just about getting the word out, added Reinking. In one area where participation was low, she said, "They wanted to be reassured by a voice or a face to say, 'Yes, this is something we feel is valuable for your child. Yes, it is going to be after school, right there in your child's own school. And yes, you can have faith that your child's going to be safe and secure in that environment.'"
Scheduling the tutoring at a convenient location, particularly at the child's school, has been the biggest draw, explained Myles. "The parents do not have to worry about transporting their children to another site. They're at a safe location; they're at their own home school," she said. Other sites include public libraries, community centers and, in some cases, children's homes.
Another bonus for parents is that many of the tutors hired are actually their children's classroom teachers. They are part of a wide range of talent, which also includes retired educators, college students and career professionals, providing one-on-one instruction or small-group tutoring.
Yet, as the market growstutoring companies in Indianapolis have doubled to 32 from just last yearchoosing the right provider can feel like a daunting task for parents. "My take has always been pretty simple," said one provider. "If you put the kids first ... the word will spread."
Overall, it has been Indianapolis' open enrollment policy that has allowed more families to take advantage of the program. Instead of restricting enrollment to, for example, one month, students can register anytime during the school year, which is especially convenient for middle school students, who often are involved in extracurricular activities, such as football or band practice, that may compete with tutoring sessions. After the tutoring, transportation is provided at no cost to seventh- and eighth-graders.
Also, as another SES provider points out, for children who already have spent eight hours a day in a classroom, it's important to provide a variety of academically enriching activities, such as a board game to hone math skills: "That keeps the kids interested in coming to the after-school program every day."
A former teacher for more than 25 years, Reinking considers the additional instruction provided through the SES program "a valuable extension of ... the hard work we're doing with our students during the day," while it helps to bring more community partners on board to support schools. Among other measures of success, she points to the high ratings on parent satisfaction surveys, though she admits there is still more work to do in improving student achievement.
But Jodi Jessie, who said she has seen a difference in her children's attitudes toward learning following the tutoring sessions, believes the outcomes are more than numerical. "Being in the neighborhood that we are in, there are a lot of kids who go home to nothing," she said. "And when they've got a teacher there who's going to stay with them and pay attention to themthat means a lot to them."
By Nicole Ashby
Spellings Speaks on International Education
During International Education Week, Nov. 13-17, 2006, Secretary Spellings, along with U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Dina Habib Powell (pictured together at right), led the first-ever delegation of U.S. college and university presidents to Japan, Korea and China. Following is an excerpt of the secretary's remarks at Waseda University in Tokyo, Japan.
... Higher education has long been one of the strengths of America. Our decentralized system has empowered students with a wide range of options. It's a system that encourages innovation and adapts to meet many different needs. ...
And in the fields of both academic and scientific research, foreign students contribute tremendously to and greatly enrich our universities. As a nation, we understand the value of international exchange. ...
Foreign student enrollment continues to rise in the post-Sept. 11 era. In the last year, the number of student exchange visas issued reached an all-time high of more than 590,000. Student visas were up 15 percent.
Our universities are working to promote the value of international education and foster new exchanges. In the past, study abroad was something that not many students could afford, and it wasn't offered at many universities. But that's changing.
In the past 10 years, [the number of] Americans studying overseas has increased by 10 percent. And the number of institutions offering study abroad programs and highlighting international education has increased dramatically. If our students are going to be prepared for the international marketplace, study abroad is a critical part of that preparation.
We can learn a lot from each other to better prepare our students. For example, Japan has strong math and science programs, and America is known for its emphasis on critical thinking and creativity. Working together, we can give all our students a better education.
Companies today want graduates skilled in ... math, science and foreign languagethe new currencies of our global economy. And these days, companies are following talentwhether that talent is in Texas or Tokyo.
Since our universities are at the heart of recruiting and nurturing talent, they must adapt to make sure a college education equips students to be competitive with the new international workforce.
A core strength of America's higher education system is flexibility. Our colleges are able to innovate and adjust to meet the demands of a dynamic job market and changing global society. Recently, I had a group of higher education and business leaders explore ways we can strengthen higher education in America and make it more affordable, accessible and accountable.
Our government is committed to ensuring that our education system provides students with the resources and instruction they need to be competitive and succeed in the new global economy. For us, the internationalization of education means sharing best practices, fostering innovation and increasing transparency.
Because no matter what country we call home, all of us share the same commitment to see students succeed. Education opens the doors of opportunity and is the foundation for a better life and a bright future.
To promote freedom, end hunger, find the cure for cancer, explore new frontiers in space ... these are noble objectivesobjectives we have a much greater chance of accomplishing together than on our own. Through shared collaboration of ideas and invention, we can make our world and the world our children inherit one of great promise and opportunity. ...
Visit http://www.ed.gov/news/pressreleases/2006/11/11132006.html for the complete Nov. 13, 2006, remarks.
Around the Country
Florida In December, Broward County Public Schools wrapped up its third round of provider fairs designed to inform eligible families about the free tutoring available for their children under the No Child Left Behind Act. Approximately 31,000 students in the districtthe fifth largest in the nationqualify for supplemental educational services. So far, more than 4,700 students have signed up, a fraction of those eligible, but significantly more than the 330 registered in 2004-05. The increase is credited to several efforts, including: a multiple enrollment season; a partnership with the Urban League, which hosted town hall meetings; and an automated phone system announcing events.
Virginia After a yearlong pilot run, four school districts in Virginia continue to offer students from low-income families free tutoring one year earlier than usual. Based on an increase in participation, the U.S. Department of Education reauthorized the state to provide supplemental educational services to students in schools in Alexandria, Henry County, Newport News and Stafford County that are in the first, rather than second, year of school improvement. Due to the flexibility, one district experienced as much as a 200-percent increase in the number of eligible children enrolling. The school systems are among 16 in five states involved in the Department's pilot program.
- January
Magnet Schools Month, a national initiative to highlight magnet schools. As part of the celebration, Magnet Schools of America is inviting communities to host special events and activities and is sponsoring a poster contest that will conclude on Jan. 26. For details, visit http://www.magnet.edu or call 202-824-0672.
- January 8
Fifth Anniversary of No Child Left Behind, an observance of the landmark education law signed by President George W. Bush in 2002. The bipartisan legislation is predicated on four principles: 1) stronger accountability for results; 2) greater flexibility for states and communities; 3) proven education methods; and 4) more choices for parents. For more information, visit http://www.ed.gov or call 1-800-USA-LEARN.
- January 18
White House Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives Conference, Seattle, sponsored by a consortium of federal agencies, including the U.S. Department of Education. Part of a series of regional conferences being held around the country, this meeting for grassroots leaders will provide information about federal grant opportunities. To register, visit http://www.fbci.gov or call 202-456-6718.
Q & A Glossary
Is my child eligible for supplemental educational services?
Children in schools receiving Title I funds that have not made adequate yearly progress (AYP) for three years are eligible to receive supplemental educational services (SES)free tutoring and other extra academic help outside of the regular school day. The No Child Left Behind Act requires that school districts offer SES to students from low-income families attending Title I schools that have been identified as "in need of improvement" for more than one year.
Parents of eligible children should receive annual notices about the availability of services. School districts must provide a state-approved list of SES providers, which may include public and private schools as well as community and faith-based organizations, from which parents can make a selection. Once a decision has been made, parents meet with the provider and a district staff member to discuss specific goals for the child, set up a schedule for services, and decide how the child's progress will be measured. SES providers must give both the parents and the school information on the child's progress.
For details about local SES opportunities, contact your local school district or state department of education. For information about federal guidelines, call the U.S. Department of Education toll-free at 1-800-USA-LEARN.
News Show Celebrates No Child Left Behind
Stories of successful schools and school districts, high-performing teachers and students, and how they have helped to realize the goals of the No Child Left Behind Act, will be the focus of the January edition of Education News Parents Can Use, the Department's monthly television program.
Five years ago, No Child Left Behind was signed into law, thereby raising expectations for all children. It asked more of the nation's education system, requiring that states: set standards for student achievement and regularly measure progress; provide better information and more options to parents; and provide a highly qualified teacher for every classroom. Guests on January's show will explore the ways in which the law's principles of accountability, parent choice and teacher quality have helped to close the achievement gap and raise test scores. In addition, videotaped stories of high-performing schools will provide shining examples of how all studentsregardless of race, family income or zip codecan achieve at high levels.
Each month, Education News Parents Can Use showcases: schools and school districts from across the country; conversations with school officials, parents and education experts; and advice and free resources for parents and educators.
To learn about viewing options, including webcasts, visit http://www.ed.gov/news/av/video/edtv/, or call toll-free 1-800-USA-LEARN.
New Design for FREE Web Site
One of the most popular online resources supported by the U.S. Department of Education recently received an extreme makeover that has put hundreds of teaching and learning resources easily at the public's disposal.
The redesign of the FREE (Federal Resources for Educational Excellence) Web siteavailable at http://free.ed.govhelps users to better navigate more than 1,500 resources from more than 35 federal agencies that range from an interactive program picturing phases of the moon from the National Science Foundation to video narratives by Holocaust survivors from the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. It organizes these resources according to academic subjects, using an appealing display of photos and illustrations for easy identification.
In addition, the new design adds a subject map on the home page that organizes the online collection according to eight categories: language arts; math; science; U.S. history; U.S. time periods; world studies; arts and music; and health and physical education.
Each category follows with a subgroup that helps to fine-tune the search for resources. For instance, U.S. history covers ethnic groups, famous people, movements and wars. The science category explores applied, earth, life, physical and space sciences, while the math group looks at algebra, data analysis, geometry, measurement, and numbers and operations.
And, for observances celebrated in the classroom, the sitewhich is updated weeklyincludes resources for Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Day and Sept. 11 as part of its special collections.
The redesign was the first since the FREE Web site was created in 1998.
U.S. Department of Education
400 Maryland Ave. S.W.
Washington, DC 20202
The Achiever is a monthly publication for parents and community leaders from the Office of Communications and Outreach, U.S. Department of Education (ED). Margaret Spellings, secretary.
Comments? Contact Nicole Ashby, editor, at 202-205-0676 (fax), or at email@example.com.
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The Achiever contains news and information about and from public and private organizations for the reader's information. Inclusion does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Department of Education of any products or services offered or views expressed. This publication also contains hyperlinks and URLs created and maintained by outside organizations and provided for the reader's convenience. The Department is not responsible for the accuracy of this information.
Thank you for your interest in The Achiever, the U.S. Department of Education's monthly bulletin on No Child Left Behind, the historic, bipartisan education reform law signed by President Bush in January 2002. We are delighted to hear that the newsletter is providing you with the resources needed to help you in your efforts to improve education.
Because The Achiever is a publication of the Education Department and, therefore, in the public domain, you are free to reprint or photocopy the articles. We simply ask that you give full credit to the Department with the suggested citation:
Source: U.S. Department of Education, The Achiever, [Date of issue].Again, thank you for using our newsletter to communicate to a larger audience the information and resources that are available through No Child Left Behind.
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New student registration for the spring 2012 semester at Pulaski Technical College is under way and will continue through Dec. 9. Classes begin Jan. 14.
Late registration will take place Jan. 9-11 from 8:30 a.m.-4 p.m. on the North Little Rock campus only. Tuition payment is due by 4 p.m. Jan. 11.
New students should apply for admission online at www.pulaskitech.edu and submit all required documents to the Office of Admissions before visiting with an advisor. Students entering college for the first time need a high school transcript with graduation date or GED scores and ACT or COMPASS scores no more than five years old.
First-time college students also are required to attend a new student orientation during the registration period. During orientation, students learn about services offered and meet with an academic advisor to develop a schedule and register for fall semester classes.
Students who previously attended college need official copies of transfer transcripts from the colleges or universities they attended. A record of ACT or COMPASS scores is required if college-level math and English were not completed with a grade of "C" or better.
The COMPASS is administered at the Main Campus in the Campus Center on a walk-in basis from 8 a.m. - 8 p.m. Tuesdays and Wednesdays, and from 9 a.m.-1 p.m. on the first Saturday of the month, and at Little Rock South on Thursdays from 8 a.m.-8 p.m. The testing fee is $10.
All students must submit proof of two measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) immunizations.
The spring 2012 schedule of classes is available on the college website at www.pulaskitech.edu. For more information, call (501) 812-2231.
Pulaski Technical College


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Natural Splendor on Lake Superior
Thomsonite Beach Inn & Suites • Grand Marais, MN
Escape Kit
- A Two-Night Stay for Two in a Standard or Deluxe Lake View Room, Sundays through Thursdays ($105)
- Or, a Two-Night Stay for Two in a Standard or Deluxe Lake View Room, Fridays and Saturdays ($125)
- Combine Vouchers to Stay for Up to Four Nights
The Destination
The imposing grandeur of nature is on full display on the North Shore of Lake Superior. Cliff shears plunge hundreds of feet into the waves, waterfalls thunder down worn crevasses, and pine stands crowd the Minnesota wilderness. Snow blankets the earth nearly eight months per year for unbeatable backcountry skiing and snowmobiling. In the warmer months, the Superior Hiking Trail and Boundary Waters Canoe Area draw outdoor adventurers from far and wide.
At turns both awesome and unforgiving, the protected land of Superior National Forest nevertheless harbors small lakeside towns like Grand Marais and Lutsen, as well as the Grand Portage Indian Reservation of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe. In these North Shore communities, reverence for nature is bred in locals and inspired in visitors.
The Digs
Facing a rocky ledge over Lake Superior, between Grand Marais and Lutsen, the Thomsonite Beach Inn & Suites boasts a veritable buried treasure on its 4.5 acres of land. Embedded in the rocks is the mineral thomsonite, created by lava flows roughly 600 million years ago. Polished to gemstone quality and set in precious metals by local jewelers, thomsonite makes lovely jewelry for sale in the gift shop. The property's lake-view accommodations prove equally unique and charming, each outfitted with at least one queen or two twin beds, a private bath, a small dining area, and a kitchenette.
"We spent a few days on our honeymoon at Thomsonite Beach and it was wonderful in so many ways. Our room had special, homey touches which made our stay more pleasant. Convenient to be just five minutes away from Grand Marais."-- Yahoo! Travel
escapes 30-day promise
LivingSocial gives you up to 30 days to return your unused voucher for a full refund. Once you've made a reservation, you are subject to the merchant's cancellation and refund policy. If you want to secure your preferred dates of travel, we strongly recommend that you complete reservation with the merchant within 30 days of your purchase—after that, LivingSocial will not issue any refunds.
the fine print
- Limit 2 per purchaser, additional as gifts
- Up to two (2) vouchers may be combined to extend stay
- Reservations required; subject to availability
- Valid for Standard and Deluxe Lakeview Rooms (Units 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9) only
- Not valid on group or existing reservations
- Stay must be completed by: July 3, 2013
- Blackout date(s): May 24-26, 2013
- Merchant cancellation/re-scheduling policy of 14 days in advance of scheduled arrival; voucher subject to forfeiture
- Based upon double occupancy
- Tax and fees are not included and will be collected at redemption
- Nights must be used consecutively
- All deal components must be redeemed during one stay
- Voucher cannot be combined with any other discounts, vouchers, or gift certificates
- Sorry, no pets allowed
- Other conditions apply • PAID AND PROMOTIONAL VALUES EXPIRES ON July 3, 2013 • PAID VALUE DOES NOT EXPIRE • PAID VALUE EXPIRES ON July 3, 2018 • PROMOTIONAL VALUE EXPIRES ON July 3, 2013 • Enjoy By July 3, 2013
Other conditions apply
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• LivingSocial Terms and Conditions - https://www.livingsocial.com/terms
Original Price:
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Employment Network Request for Quotation
Social Security released an Request for Quotation (RFQ) for Employment Networks (EN) under the Ticket to Work and Self-Sufficiency Program. It explains the duties of an EN, requirements for award consideration, and directions for submitting a quotation.
Social Security staff will answer any questions you have about becoming an EN and submitting a Blanket Purchase Agreement quotation. Please direct your questions to Social Security's Employment Network Contracts Team as follows:
Email: email@example.com Call Toll Free: 866-584-5180 Call Toll Free TYY: 866-584-5181 Fax: 410-597-0429
In accordance with Section 1148(f) of the Social Security Act, this solicitation is not open to Federal Agencies.


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when a fat/hefty (total cow) sees you and licks there lips like u are a hot jucey steak,or a roast pig.but really they just think your a hot piece of ass.
omg tiffany that totaly fat guy just pigoogled you.omg what should we do. do we give him a twinky or something
by fun friend July 10, 2008


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UN.GIFT Publications
Hellish Work Exploitation of Migrant Tobacco Workers in Kazakhstan
2011-05-04 10:30:00.0
Download right click "save as"
This 115-page report documents how some employers confiscated migrant workers' passports, failed to provide them with written contracts, did not pay regular wages, cheated them of earnings, and required them to work excessively long hours. Human Rights Watch also documented frequent use of child labor, with children as young as 10 working, even though tobacco farming is especially hazardous for children. The report was based on interviews in 2009 with 68 people who were working on tobacco farms in Kazakhstan or who had recently worked there.


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Noise (and visual) pollution caused by the neighbours' kids on their trampoline. At its worst when you're trying to enjoy a quiet sunbathe in your garden sanctuary but these screeching little humans repeatedly bounce above the height of the fence, possibly even making eye contact as they do so, and definitely destroying your privacy. Extreme cases of trampollution can occur when your garden is sandwiched between two gardens which each have trampolines. It can then feel as though you're sitting - perhaps also trying to read - at the heaving centre of an adventure playground.
I really fancy kicking back in the garden with a book and big dooby, but I'll have to stay inside because of the currently high levels of trampollution.
by bollockyb April 15, 2009


text: You won't believe what is on The Tape! S.H.I.E.L.D. recruits Clint to intercept incriminating evidence-before he becomes the most wanted man in the world. Superstar artist Javier Pulido joins Matt Fraction in a Hawkeye thriller that spans the globe ... and the darkest parts of Clint Barton. Cover price $2.99.


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Savory Sesame Green Beans RecipeRead Reviews Be the first to add a review
4.5 2 3
Vibrant and flavorful, this side will be a welcome accompaniment to any menu. With delightful Asian-inspired flair, it's wonderful with light dishes like marinated and grilled salmon. Noelle Myers — Grand Forks, North Dakota
Recommended: Our Favorite Slow Cooker Beef Recipes
- 1 pound fresh green beans, trimmed
- 1 medium sweet red pepper, julienned
- 1 tablespoon sesame seeds
- 1 tablespoon rice vinegar
- 1 tablespoon sesame oil
- 1 tablespoon reduced-sodium soy sauce
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
- 1/4 teaspoon pepper
- Place beans and red pepper in a 15-in. x 10-in. x 1-in. baking pan coated with cooking spray. Combine the remaining ingredients. Drizzle over vegetables; stir to coat.
- Bake, uncovered, at 425° for 20-25 minutes or until beans are tender, stirring once. Yield: 6 servings.
Originally published as Sesame Green Beans in Healthy Cooking June/July 2010, p42
Reviews for Savory Sesame Green Beans
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Reviewed Jun. 9, 2012
"This recipe is a hit!! Brought it to a picnic and several people asked me for the recipe. My husband loves it too."
Reviewed Jul. 20, 2010
"Was an easy recipe to make and so good!! We loved it!"


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Everything and nothing's changed since PUBLIC WORKS was launched in 1896. Hanley Wood LLC bought the magazine from the third generation of the founder's family in 2003. I searched in vain for someone who could tell me about this man. Why this particular topic? Was he an engineer who wanted to fill a unique information void? Or a publisher who'd spied a potentially profitable market?
Stymied, I turned to the magazine itself (we have every issue going back to January 1920). Though I didn't find an answer, I spent hours lost in fascinated wonder. Materials and tools have evolved, but a century later the concerns are the same. In 1920:
Readers generated most of the content, using the magazine to communicate their experiments and comment on each other's experience:
Though engrossed in local needs and local politics, they were all planning, designing, building, and maintaining the nation's lifelines as growth spread from east to west. The magazine you hold was the only way they could learn from each other's successes and failures vis-à-vis new processes, equipment, and technologies.
Your role — and ours here at PUBLIC WORKS — remains remarkably unchanged. Though we both have new tools at our disposal, sometimes the oldest and simplest option provides the optimum solution. With each communication innovation — telegraph to telephone to personal computer and the Internet — this magazine remains the jumping-off point for continuing your dialogue in the medium you prefer.
I know because I receive them all: telephone calls, letters, and e-mails. Call my direct line at 773-824-2507; e-mail email@example.com; or write to Hanley Wood Business Media, 8725 W. Higgins Road, Suite 600, Chicago, Ill., 60631.
Stephanie Johnston,
Editor in Chief
Whatever works for you
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Oh, Dotty, that is such good news!!
Welcome to the Quilting Board!
Oh, Dotty, that is such good news!!
Good one, Cindy! There's not much worse than cleaning out a garage -- I'm hoping my children will do it after I'm gone!
Dotty!!! So happy for you thank God that's over
btw I did find out a couple of days ago that my brain MRI/MRA was totally normal... I do have a brain I guess! just have to gather up some missing pieces ...LOL ...I'm thinkin more and more it is tired and stress
Cindy and katybob - wonderful blocks as usual
and I agree with Cindy about that comment...will add another as I rush to Staples to pick up some boxes to dump the mess in our extra bedroom into to pack and bring to a storage unit [because the garage is already full!!] our two oldest DGSs are spending tomorrow night here so they will be here Monday morning to celebrate their Aunt's b'day .....[but only if we can locate the beds hiding behind the mess that needs to be packed away]
gotta run so DH doesnt catch on to the fact I bought yet more boxes to avoid sorting and trashing [of course he is the biggest packrat of us all]
have a great weekend - and Dotty - relax!!
Thanks Katybob - Cindy and Gus - the relief I have is so wonderful. Also glad all OK for you too Gus.!!
I am going to my DJ group tomorrow and will be celebrating with the girls. I shall be getting on with my sashing - hope it is a bit cooler as today has been the hottest day so far this year - reaching low 30's - which is hot for the UK. Also waiting for the news of an imminent birth for our Royal family !! Wonder if it is a boy or girl - I am going for a boy !!!!!!
Have a nice weekend and happy sewing !!!
Monica, glad your MRI/MRA came out fine. Stress and fatigue can really do a number on us, can't it?
Dotty, for some reason I've been thinking it will be a girl. We'll find out soon, won't we?
We finished in the garage yesterday, Sunday. It was the hottest and most humid day for us. It was awful but we persevered. I'm making a pledge to stay organized!! I still have some inside things to get done this summer.
Here is LS-10. I pulled the wrong pattern to work on for this week, but that's ok, they all need to be completed, right?
Beautiful job, Cindy!!!
YAY - you are catching up right?? I can't believe how many you have done these last few weeks.... the "roll" I was on a couple of months ago moved East!
Thanks, Monica. Yes, I'm catching up, still have a lot to go, however. I'll send the "roll" back to the west coast soon.
Here are L-10 and LS-9
I must have moved when I was taking the photo -- it's really blurry!


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Who's your favorite pass rusher in this very deep and talented pass rusher draft. Keke mingo is the one I'd most like to see in blue next year. I like his motor and the way he uses his hands to get off blocks which is something that not a lot of college defensive ends know how to do. There are so many quality pass rushers in next years draft that guys who would be first round locks in other years will be pushed down into the second.
Jarvis Jones
Sam Montgomery
Keke mingo
Alex okafor
Jackson jeffcoat
Dion Jordan
Margus hunt
William gholston
Brandon Jenkins
Bjoern werner
Devin taylor
Damontre moore
Corey lemonier
Who's your guy and why


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Well...... We've got a cabin for Saturday night, but I haven't yet registered for the race. I'm holding off hoping to get some input from anyone with first hand beta on the current course condition. I'm afraid with the current warming trend, that is supposed to remain in place, we'll be pushing the bikes in soft snow. How are the grooming efforts coming along? Will all those efforts yield a ridable course with another 5 days of warm weather?
thanks in advance,
Results 51 to 65 of 65
Thread: New winter race!


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Infant Antibiotic Use and Asthma
Antibiotics are a common treatment for bacterial infections in children and adults however; some infants who receive antibiotics in their first year of life may be twice as likely to develop asthma, as they grow older.
The drugs themselves may not be the culprits though.
A child's impaired immune system and genetic variations could explain why some kids face a higher likelihood of developing asthma.
The study, reported online May 15 in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, also didn't find any link between early use of antibiotics and development of allergic diseases.
The study's authors noted that this contradicts a theory that antibiotics increase the risks of allergic asthma by disrupting a child's immune system.
Antibiotics are often given to children for ear and respiratory infections. While the study found an association between infants who receive antibiotic treatment and asthma later in life, it was not designed to prove an actual cause and effect link.
In the new study, British researchers analyzed statistics from a study that tracked more than 1,000 children from birth to 11 years of age.
Information on antibiotic prescription, wheeze and asthma exacerbations were taken from medical records. Skin reaction tests that show whether a child is hypersensitive to allergens were done at ages 3, 5, 8, and 11 years.
At age 11, blood was collected from children who had received at least one course of antibiotics or no antibiotics in the first year of life to compare their immune-system cell response to viruses and bacteria. Genetic testing was also done to look at the links between common genetic variations on chromosome 17, known as 17q21, and antibiotic prescription.
The study's findings are believed to be the first to show that children with wheezing who were treated with an antibiotic in the first year of life were more than twice as likely as untreated children to experience severe wheeze or asthma exacerbations and be hospitalized for asthma.
"We speculate that hidden factors which increase the likelihood of both antibiotic prescription in early life and subsequent asthma are an increased susceptibility to viral infections due to impaired antiviral immunity and genetic variants," lead author Adnan Custovic, of the University of Manchester, said in a journal news release.
"However, further studies will be needed to confirm that the impaired immunity was present at the time of the early childhood respiratory symptoms and predated antibiotic prescribing rather than as a consequence of the antibiotics," Custovic added.
The study was published in the journal The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.
Source: Randy Dotinga, http://www.webmd.com/asthma/news/20140515/study-probes-link-between-early-antibiotic-use-asthma


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Water filter salesmen used fear tactics when they went door-to-door, telling customers that tap water could cause leukaemia, cancer and birth defects, a court has been told.
Phillip John Smart, the director of Love Springs, has denied seven charges of breaching the Fair Trading Act by being party to the misrepresentations.
Commerce Commission prosecutor John Dixon told the Auckland District Court yesterday that Smart's salesmen told householders tap water contained potentially dangerous germs and chemicals.
Mr Dixon said Smart and his company had previously been convicted in Queensland for five breaches of the Australian Fair Trading Act.
Former Love Springs team leader Anthony Beech told the court he began working for Love Springs in Brisbane, and came to Auckland when the company started business in New Zealand in July 2009.
Mr Beech said he and other salesmen did internet "research" on tap water before going to poorer Auckland suburbs, because Smart said people there were "less intelligent".
He said if the prospective customers had children, he would "get the kids involved", and would talk about the effects of fluoride and chlorine.


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Photo: J. Savage Gibson
1. Charming South Carolina Cottage
Video: See More Coastal Cottages
When Bonnie and Anthony McAlister of Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, decided to renovate their beach cottage, the only thing they knew they wanted was color. "We wanted the house to be comfortable, but also fun and exciting," says Anthony. "The idea was to get that 'coming into a beach house feeling' where you know you're going to have a good time."
Around The Web


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Underwater Creatures that Glow in the Dark (PHOTOS)
Photographer Daniel Stoupin's first exposure to the world of marine fluorescence happened in Thailand on a night dive. "What I saw that night was out of this world: The entire reef was glowing in the dark with all possible colors," he told Weather.com. "No picture can deliver all the emotions that a diver experiences."
Stoupin's work comes close, offering a rare look at underwater creatures that literally glow in the dark.
Believe it or not, the concept of fluorescence is pretty common, particularly underwater. Jellyfish may come to mind, but they are actually bioluminescent, not fluorescent, meaning they generate light due to a chemical reaction from within. Coral, shrimp and crabs, on the other hand, light up the black ocean with colors (in the presence of light) by absorbing and emitting light of different wavelengths.
"The underwater world is dramatically different from ours in terms of light absorption and transmission properties," Stoupin said. "Water absorbs red parts of the spectrum very fast, immersing everything in blue and green."
(MORE: Close Encounters with Jellyfish and Starfish)
Stoupin provides the comparison of grass on land to coral beneath the waves. Grass looks green to our eyes because it reflects green light but absorbs that which is red and blue. Underwater, however, a coral could appear green even if it doesn't reflect green light; its color comes from its pigments reacting to blue light.
Put another way, fluorescence is subtle, wrote University of Florida biologist Mikhail V. Matz for NOAA's Ocean Explorer. "It happens when a fraction of the light illuminating an object is absorbed and then re-emitted as a different color."
OK, so we have a sense of what's taking place, but how about why? For coral, scientists speculate it's to provide a more optimal environment for symbiotic microorganisms like algae they need to survive. New research, published in Nature, suggests looking at fluorescence could help us determine coral health and how they're reacting to cold and heat.
Some jellyfish likely light up to attract prey and as a defense mechanism, notes a paper in Science. For organisms living on the seafloor, the brightness may have no purpose at all, according to Matz.
It all fascinated Stoupin, whose foray into photography came by way of science. (He is working on a Ph.D. in marine biology, but his photos are unrelated to his research.) Some of the macro shots he took in the ocean, others in a studio of material collected from Australia's Great Barrier Reef. He said ultimately, he's trying to give these fluorescent organisms their due: "The glowing world deserves far more attention than it gets today."
MORE FROM WEATHER.COM: Portuguese Man-o-War in Pictures
The Weather Company's primary journalistic mission is to report on breaking weather news, the environment and the importance of science to our lives. This story does not necessarily represent the position of our parent company, IBM.


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One of the customs of the week of Passover is the reading in the synagogue — done at different times in different traditions — of the biblical poem of "The Song of Songs." "The Song of Songs," or "The Song of Solomon," as it is called by the King James and other English Bibles, is associated with Passover because it is a love poem set in the Palestinian spring, which comes in late February or early March and generally lasts until mid-April. (This year, because the winter's rains, unusually heavy at first, stopped almost entirely by the end of January, spring has come, and will depart, early.) The poem is full of spring imagery, such as (in the King James Version):
"For, lo, the winter is past, the rain is over and gone. The flowers appear on the earth; the time of the singing of birds is come, and the voice of the turtle is heard in our land. The fig tree putteth forth her green figs, and the vines with the tender grape give a good smell."
This has always puzzled me, not because of the "turtle" part — the King James Version is referring to the turtledove or wild pigeon, which indeed coos a great deal in its spring mating season — but because the tiny flowers and fruit of the budding grapevine have no smell at all. Perhaps when you're in the intoxicating throes of first love, they do. In any case, though, what I wanted to write about today was not grapevines or turtledoves, but the two different titles: "The Song of Songs" vs. "The Song of Solomon."
Among Jews, the biblical poem has always been known as "Shir ha-Shirim" or "The Song of Songs," after its first, introductory line, shir ha-shirim asher li'shlomo, "[This is] The song of songs, which is Solomon's." It is one of three books in the Bible that are attributed to King Solomon, two of them explicitly and one by implication.
The first two are The Song of Songs and Proverbs, which begins "[These are] The proverbs of Solomon, the son of David, king of Israel." The third is Kohelet or Ecclesiastes, whose opening verse is, "[These are] The words of Kohelet the son of David, king in Jerusalem."
The Hebrew word kohelet, which occurs nowhere else in the Bible, is an enigmatic one, a grammatically feminine noun formed from kahal, "congregation" or "audience," and commonly taken to mean a preacher or someone addressing a crowd. Jewish tradition, and Christianity in its wake, assumed that this preacher-king was Solomon and that he wrote the erotically passionate Songs of Songs when he was young; Proverbs, with its sententious wisdom, in middle age, and Kohelet when he was old and disillusioned.
It was, as far as I can determine, the pioneer English Bible translator John Wycliffe (1320–1384) who first decided to insert Solomon into the title of The Song of Songs. In this he departed from both the Hebrew Bible and the Latin Vulgate, which imitated shir-hashirim with Canticum Canticorum. Wycliffe, on the other hand, called the poem "The Song of Solomon" while reducing its first line to "Here beginneth the song of songs," and the King James Version retained Wycliffe's title, as did most of the other English Bibles that followed.
From a Jewish point of view, there is nothing particularly objectionable about this. As a modern reader of the Bible, however, I find "The Songs of Songs" greatly preferable to "The Song of Solomon." This is not only because the introductory attribution to Solomon was clearly tacked on by a later editor.
It is even more so because the poem is for the most part the dialogue of two nameless lovers, a young man and a young woman, and while King Solomon appears in it several times, he does so as a shadowy potentate threatening their romance, whether because he covets the young woman for himself or because he represents the world of power and authority that looks askance at their youthful sexuality.
Consider the poem's next-to-last lines: "Solomon had a vineyard at Ba'al-Hamon. He let the vineyard out to keepers — everyone for its fruit was to bring a thousand pieces of silver.
"My vineyard, which is mine, is before me. Thou, O Solomon, take thy thousand."
It is not clear whether the last line is spoken by the young woman, who is proudly announcing that, unlike all the concubines whom King Solomon commands ("Ba'al Hamon" in Hebrew means "owner of plenty"), she will grant her favors only to her true love, or by the young man, who is boasting that his lover is his alone and will be shared with no one, not even a king.
One thing, however, is clear: This is not the song of Solomon. It is — in its beauty, its tenderness and its exquisite awareness of the excitement and vulnerability of young love — the Bible's song of songs.
Questions for Philologos can be sent to firstname.lastname@example.com
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Lift to Lower your Diabetes Rist
Weight training is associated with a wide variety of health benefits, from increased strength and stamina to joint flexibility and higher bone density. Now a large, long-term study suggests it can significantly reduce the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.
The study, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, followed more than 32,000 men from 1990 to 2008. Participants were asked about their physical activity, including how much time they spent each week on weight training. After adjusting for factors like alcohol and coffee intake, smoking, ethnicity, family history of diabetes and dietary factors, researchers found men who lifted weights regularly (30 minutes per day, five days per week) reduced their risk of Type 2 diabetes by 34%.
Aerobic exercise has long been associated with reducing Type 2 diabetes risk, and this study supports those findings. Participants who got at least 150 minutes of aerobic exercise each week dropped their risk by 52%.
The important finding here, researchers say, is that patients who struggle to stick with an aerobic exercise program might be able to turn to weight lifting for similar risk reduction results.
"Until now, previous studies have reported that aerobic exercise is of major importance for Type 2 diabetes prevention," lead author Anders Grøntved, visiting researcher in the Department of Nutrition at HSPH and a doctoral student in exercise epidemiology at the University of Southern Denmark said in a press release. "But many people have difficulty engaging in or adhering to aerobic exercise. These new results suggest that weight training, to a large extent, can serve as an alternative to aerobic exercise for Type 2 diabetes prevention."
Of course, as you might imagine, combining aerobic exercise and weight training produced the best results. Men who did more than 150 minutes of aerobics and at least 150 minutes of weight lifting each week reduced their Type 2 diabetes risk by a whopping 59%.
Even if you're not ready to carve out 300 minutes of time to exercise each week, the benefits still apply. Weight training for an hour or less each week reduced Type 2 diabetes risk by 12%. Men who spent between 60 and 149 minutes weight training reduced their risk by 25% when compared with men who did not lift weights.
Less than an hour of aerobic exercise per week reduced participants' risk by 7%, but jumped to a 31% risk reduction when the men spent between 60 and 149 minutes in an aerobic workout.
"This study provides clear evidence that weight training has beneficial effects on diabetes risk over and above aerobic exercise," said Frank Hu, senior author and professor of nutrition and epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health. "To achieve the best results for diabetes prevention, resistance training can be incorporated with aerobic exercise."


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Volunteers clean up Deschutes River in Bend
About 75 turn out for 'Stream Stewardship Day'
BEND, Ore. - From the bottom of the river and the edges of the water, to the bag.
On Thursday, the Deschutes River got a little cleaner. About 65 filled, large lawn bags cleaner, to be exact.
"There's been such an increase in use of the river, which unfortunately has led to an increase of the amount of garbage," said Upper Deschutes Watershed Council Education Director Kolleen Yake, as the council held its annual Stream Stewardship Day.
About 75 volunteers and 15 divers combed the stretch of river from Farewell Bend Park to the Old Mill.
"You can really come out and make a difference that you can see immediately," said Wendy Edde, the city's stormwater program manager. "It's got benefits not just to the river, but to everyone who comes here and enjoys it."
"I thought it would be a great way to spend my birthday," said new Bend resident Kayla Bowcutt. "I wanted to do something to get involved with the community."
They were helping with a problem that's growing nationwide.
A federal report released Thursday found four out of five urban rivers are unhealthy.
But Yake says overall, the Deschutes is doing well.
"We don't have a high amount of toxins in the river. Really, the greatest water quality problem facing the Deschutes river is stream temperature," Yake said.
In the summer, water temperatures get too warm in some areas and can kill fish and other aquatic creatures.
Because water is diverted in the spring and summer for irrigation along the upper Deschutes, the middle Deschutes suffers, becoming more shallow and heating up.
The council is helping to keep the water cooler. The organization has planted shrubs and other vegetation along the Deschutes to shade the water.
Another problem in the winter is that water is sucked out of the Deschutes and stored for the summer agricultural season.
"It's more just a water quantity problem, which leads to less habitat for fish," Yake said.
She said water problems can't be solved overnight, but even cleaning up garbage is a step in the right direction.
For more information: http://www.restorethedeschutes.org/


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Our latest Talking Points publication argues for continued investment in infrastructure, despite the global financial crisis.
The worldwide financial crisis has lead to a decline in infrastructure investment by many governments in the OECD. However, the need for continuing investment in infrastructure is irrefutable. The OECD report "Infrastructure to 2030" argues for investment of more than 3% of global GDP.
The financial constraints many governments face for the foreseeable future could provide the perfect opportunity for project finance and PPPs to deliver much needed infrastructure investment. Taking this opportunity will require governments to be courageous in continuing to invest in key infrastructure to meet the needs graphically highlighted by the OECD.
In the long run, those countries that don't invest in infrastructure will find investment going into their OECD neighbours or into countries such as India, Brazil and China, whose allure is already significant. However, those governments that do will reap the benefits of higher GDP growth, improved standards of living for their citizens and higher levels of inward bound investment.