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Raphael, Frederic 1931–
Raphael is an American novelist, short story writer, critic, and dramatist for stage, screen, radio, and television. He has experimented with a variety of techniques in his novels to examine individuals within the English upper and middle classes. Darling, an original screenplay, won awards in England and America. Raphael resides in England. (See also CLC, Vol. 2, and Contemporary Authors, Vols. 1-4, rev. ed.)
Eric Moon
[The opening scene of Orchestra & Beginners is a] country home in Sussex, where a typical upper-class British weekend house party is in progress….
It is soon clear … that this scene, typical of Frederic Raphael's subtle method throughout, is set primarily for contrast and introduction. The autumn peacefulness of the Sussex weekend is deceptive; though it is scarcely alluded to, World War II has just begun….
The Strausses, Leonard and Linda, alone seem aware that their lives are about to change fundamentally. But then, though they are in this old school group, they are not really of it. Leonard is a Jew, Linda an American. Orchestra & Beginners is the story of their marriage and its reshaping under the tensions of—among other things—the war. As the plot unfolds, the cracks in the apparently secure foundations of this "perfect" marriage are gradually revealed. (p. 43)
Orchestra & Beginners is a fascinating book with, on the one hand, the apparent expansiveness and leisured pace of the nineteenth-century novel but, on the other, a sophistication and glitter that are totally twentieth century. Essentially simple, the story is absorbing because of the intricacy of its construction; one is never quite sure in which direction it will move next.
Raphael has an incredibly intimate feel for place and atmosphere, which he creates with something of the delicate skill of the man who builds castles out of matchsticks, by carefully accumulating seemingly inconsequential details. Now and then, however, the technique is carried to excess, and he produces only one of those tiresome catalogues of trivia that clutter the later O'Hara novels. The dialogue exhibits...
(The entire section is 723 words.)
Peter Ackroyd
You might say, although it is heresy to do so, that character becomes a function of style in [Richard's Things]. For it is the style which dominates the book, and it is one of formality, distance and opaqueness. It has a singleness of tone which gathers all of the façades of reality into one space, and an emotion becomes just as much an object as a fruit-and-nut bar. I am becoming ponderous now, and I don't want to suggest that Richard's Things is a 'new novel' or anything approaching one. We will leave that to inferior novelists. What Mr Raphael has done is to make trivial events as touching and as credible as apparently 'significant' ones, and he has done so within an elliptic and ironical prose. He...
(The entire section is 201 words.)
Martin Levin
Frederic Raphael, a writer who shifts psychological scenes with magical dexterity, depicts a broken triangle [in "Richard's Things"] that develops an unexpected kink when Richard's "things" fall in love with one another…. This is the kind of thing that could happen in a Colette novel, but Mr. Raphael is very much his own man. His style is wonderfully controlled; it abounds in original visions as it reveals more and more about … two women and their common bonds. It is full of unexpected horizons and interesting people—even to a burglar who makes a fleeting appearance. Not many novelists have so complete a mastery of their art.
Martin Levin, "Fiction and Poetry: 'Richard's...
(The entire section is 131 words.)
Neil Hepburn
It would be a great deal easier to like Frederic Raphael as a writer if his technical skill were less, or—since he is as scandalously accomplished as he is—if he felt less insecure about his readers' recognition of it. To puzzle over seven (or 17) types of ambiguity is pleasure of a high order; but to have them all pointed out, if not actually explained, with much nudging of bold type and winking of italics and puns significantly laid along the knows, is affronting: especially when, as in California Time, you find you cannot do without these artful aids.
'California time' is, its inventor says, 'a sequence of presents'—which in his book are given and received as well as lived through by...
(The entire section is 380 words.)
Ivan Gold
"The ultimate Hollywood novel!" says Blurb, and for once he may be near the mark…. [In] Frederic Raphael's "California Time": Victor England, well-known director and ladies' man, returns to Hollywood to make a film…. [At times Raphael stops the action to drop numerous] helpful hints on how best to read a book called "California Time." (p. 33)
There are some remarkably funny scenes and exchanges in here [in addition to nearly a pun a page.]… [One] may imagine a benign purpose to the author's word-play, a determination, perhaps, that we be made constantly aware that we are reading, so as not to be hoodwinked by his skills into thinking we are already watching the movie of the book, or...
(The entire section is 195 words.)
Nick Totton
Ten pages of The Glittering Prizes is highly entertaining; fifty pages begins to cloy with its unremitting sparkle; and after three hundred pages I was itching all over from the bite of witty gnats. Everyone in the book is witty, even the bit-parts; and the great bulk of the novel is dialogue, with the barest furnishing of characterisation and environment. It is, in fact, a conversion job from a television screenplay; and makes one wonder why this convention of universal verbal brilliance is so much more acceptable on the screen (or stage) than in a novel. Part of the answer is that on the screen there is only one crack of the whip: if you miss something the first time round then it's gone for good. Wit cements...
(The entire section is 327 words.)
James Brockway
As for Frederic Raphael's 'novel' version of his successful television series, The Glittering Prizes, it is not a novel but a script, ie, dialogue, cemented together with a few descriptive lines here and there. I am deeply grateful to Mr Raphael for this television series…. But isn't to present this book as a novel actually an offence under the Trades Description Act?… As a mirror held up to a society that glitters on the surface but has nothing underneath, these scripts are highly effective, but that was not, I believe, the idea. (p. 23)
James Brockway, "Going Down Bravely" (© copyright James Brockway 1977; reprinted with permission), in Books and...
(The entire section is 113 words.)
Dean Flower
Adam Morris [protagonist of The Glittering Prizes] wants nothing more than to be smart and successful and win the glittering prizes of life. But he also wants to preserve his feisty, joking Jewish resilience, his artistic conscience, his happy marriage, his own identity, his distance. "If there's one boat I never want to be in," he says, "it's the same boat as everyone else." He finds himself thrown together with people at Cambridge University in the 1950's who want pretty much the same things—marriage, money, fame, comfortable accommodations to an imperfect society, nothing revolutionary. Over the next twenty years experience teaches them, some more harshly than others, the deceptions of their desires. Adam...
(The entire section is 204 words.)
Blake Morrison
Writers so consistently interested in social manners as Frederic Raphael are usually called 'class conscious'. What's special about Raphael is that he is conscious only of the middle class—in fact, only of the middle class couple. You need read no further than the opening sentences of Raphael's stories [in Sleeps Six and Other Stories] to discover that his abiding preoccupation is the coming together of the bourgeois he and she….
Raphael has gone over this ground so often now, and with such assurance, that he's begun to look self-parodying. He was always indulgent towards his creations (his satirical jabs about as vicious as syrup), and now the saccharine has crept into his much-acclaimed...
(The entire section is 204 words.)
Patricia Craig
Adulteries in John Cheever's world are conducted, usually, with politeness and grace; in the stories of Frederic Raphael they are defined by a need in the participants altogether more brittle and grasping. The terms of the erotic arrangement are precise and precarious; not delicacy of spirit but deviousness may be responsible for this. Several of the stories [in Sleeps Six and Other Stories] are nothing but fragments, compressed to the point of insubstantiality. An ability to observe closely, with humour, hasn't saved the author from many lapses into smartness ('pregnant silences were followed by infantile noises'), and aphoristic gloss. As vignettes of modern life in a high-income zone these stories are...
(The entire section is 159 words.)
John Mellors
[In Sleeps Six] Frederic Raphael writes about the infidelities and other infelicities in middle-class marriages; typical titles are 'Acute Triangle', 'Similar Triangles', 'Upstairs, Downstairs' and 'Bridal Suite'. His characters are usually rich, randy, intelligent, unscrupulous and unhappy—the literary grandchildren of Scott Fitzgerald's beautiful and damned generation. Raphael would be a better writer if he did not try so hard to make every sentence wittier than the last. Too often the soufflé fails to rise and instead of an airy wit we have a soggy weight…. However, there is also much to admire in Sleeps Six, in particular Raphael's hip humour in his story of the wisecracking New York...
(The entire section is 138 words.)


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Finding the Positive
Finding the Positive
More From Diem
Diem's Biography
Place of Birth: Germany
Role Models: Katie Couric and Barbara Walters
Childhood Nickname: Danger Mouse
To Her 15-Year-Old Self: "Do your homework."
Diem Brown's battle with ovarian cancer was caught on camera while she was a cast member on MTV's Real World/Road Rules Challenge: Fresh Meat. Through this experience, she became a role model for strength and perseverance. Diem founded the non-profit, MedGift, which is inspired by her experiences as a patient. The organization is the first medical gift registry and is working to change the way the public views health and charity. After going into remission in 2006, the cancer resurfaced in 2011. Diem went into remission again, until the cancer resurfaced again in 2014. Through the battle Diem remained positive, grateful, and supportive of others experiencing similar hardship. Diem passed away in November 2014.

subset: commoncrawl


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Welcome to the Quilting Board!
I'm in and hopefully I will get something done. This move to new apt has been something else but I think I am almost done. I want to quilt again.
I'm in also
A friend is someone who knows all about you and loves you anyway.
So 4 days down and I've sewn every morning. Little steps!
I am in. I finished a table topper yesterday except hand sewing the binding. I will do that on my next night shifts at work. Today I am finishing the machine applique on another table topper and hopefully machine quilt it tomorrow. Yes it is time to get these done. Once I get these down I will start machine quilting larger quilts that I need to finish.
My name is Delma and I am addicted to quilting!!
Only two more days to go! I'm anxious to see how everyone has done. I'm still on track and accomplishing quite abit compared to what I have been getting done. Let's keep going!!!
Be the best that you can be at everything you do.
Find me on Facebook Be my friend Join my group
Leesa Kemp's Material Things Fabric Sales and Auctions
I'm in. I have started 2013 motivated. I went to get a doctor appointment after putting it off for months (all right, my DH got me in the door.) I started an exercise program at the Y (water aerobics) this week. Need to start working on my sewing room so I can sew. I can do it...I can do it.
I have most of my UFO's together..organized before I moved 2 weeks ago...Right now hand quilting a top I had done..I also joined the fabric moratorium, and will be organizing sccraps to make scrappy quilts to use these up!
My problem is I sew continuously. I have to force myself to clean the house, wash the floors, cook meals, do housework in general. It's just my husband and I now so things don't really get dirty, but they sure get dusty. I can sew all day and listen to audio books. I have lots of book work to do as well for our farm, and two other businesses and I hate not sewing. At least I am never bored. If YOUR bored stay away from me. LOL


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Thursday, January 12, 2006
old-school pen and ink
Until recently, I never really worked in pen and ink. That is, whenever I drew in black and white, I worked mainly with brushes. I was never a fan of modern cross-hatching styles and was always more interested in artists who drew 1 precise line over 50 little hatched ones. One time a friend of mine who was very good with pen and ink tried to teach me how to use nib-pens and was horrifed to find out I didn't even know how to hold one correctly.
However, a couple of winters ago, I re-discovered the work of some old-school pen and ink masters and I was absolutely floored. I had seen some examples of work by guys like Joseph Clement Coll, Charles Dana Gibson and Franklin Booth years before, but at that time I didn't even understand how the work was done. I thought it was some form of print-making or something. When I saw it again recently, I GOT it. These guys were just incredible artists, and treated pen-and-ink work like oil-painting -- only they just built up their tones using lines not colour. My favourite of the old masters is Orson Lowell, and I discovered his work mostly through the fine "Illustration" magazine put out by Jim Vadeboncoeur. If you like pen-and-ink illustration, especially from it's glory days in the early part of the 20th century, I highly recommend you try and find his work -- its unequalled.
The above sketches are my attempts to play around with pen-and-ink. I don't do much of it, still prefering to use brushes, but I have at least learned to hold a pen correctly. They were all drawn from an issue of "Slam!", an NBA basketball magazine. See if you can guess which players I've messed up the likeness on...
4 comments:
- =shane white= said...
Yeah I'm digging this...big fan of pen and ink!
- manale said...
That's the worst Larry Bird I've ever seen.
- Karridine said...
Shades of my CrowQuill days! You're pretty good!
Pen and ink imposes its own discipline, requiring a certain arrogance and humility, stroke by stroke...
By the same token, I can't (yet) do the colorized Photoshop cartoons you so elegantly craft!
Count me in your fan club!
- Joel Kimmel said...
Hey, looks like Kobe, LeBron and Kevin to me.
Great sketches!
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Skip to Content
If you are seeking a world-class educational experience within a vibrant, Christ-centered learning community, Cedarville is the place for you. Step up to the challenge of our arts, sciences, professional and graduate programs, and achieve more than you ever imagined. Be challenged and transformed by professors who are experts in their fields and invest their lives at Cedarville to mentor and guide students like you.
An exploration of the implications of federal laws with an emphasis on the definitions, characteristics, and strategies for intervention in inclusive settings. The course includes an introduction to the use of assistive technology. Prerequisite: EDUC-1000 The Education Profession. Corequisite: other courses in the Introduction to Teaching block.


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Women's feet can increase in size when they're pregnant, and the change can be permanent, a study has shown.
Researchers were testing the claim often made by women that they rise a shoe size when they're carrying a baby, and flat feet are a common problem.
Doctors believe the arch of the foot flattens out, possibly due to the extra weight and increased looseness of the joints associated with pregnancy.
And the new study, published in the March issue of the American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, suggests this loss of arch height is permanent.
The University of Iowa study followed 49 pregnant women and collected arch measurements, both at rest and when walking, during the first trimester of pregnancy, and again five months after childbirth.
The researchers found that 60 to 70 per cent of the women in the study saw arch height and measures of arch rigidity decrease significantly from early pregnancy to five months after childbirth, causing corresponding increases in foot length - between 2mm and 10mm - and arch drop.
Professor Neil Segal, of the University of Iowa, said: "I had heard women reporting changes in their shoe size with pregnancy, but found nothing about that in medical journals or textbooks.
"We found that pregnancy does indeed lead to permanent changes in the feet."
The study also suggested that first pregnancies may account for most of the observed changes, while second, third, or higher pregnancies may not further alter foot structure.
"It is possible that these foot changes that occur during pregnancy may help explain why, in comparison with men, women are at higher risk for pain or arthritis in their feet, knees, hips, and spines," Prof Segal said.


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Marcheta Evans
UTSA Spotlight: Associate Professor Marcheta Evans named president of American Counseling Association
By Kris Rodriguez
Public Affairs Specialist
(Feb. 27, 2009)--Marcheta Evans, associate professor and chair of the Department of Counseling in the UTSA College of Education and Human Development (COEHD), has been selected to serve as president of the American Counseling Association (ACA), the world's largest counseling association with nearly 45,000 members. Evans will be named president-elect July 1, 2009; her term as ACA president begins July 1, 2010.
Today's headlines
- La Prensa Foundation is newest member of UTSA Lone Star Society
- UTSA alumna Jordan Kaufmann wins $50K for new stent-graft start-up
- UTSA begins new way-finding sign installation this summer at Main Campus
- USA Today: UTSA long jumper Tyler Williamson rescues three-year-old boy
Article tools
"To receive this international professional recognition goes beyond words," said Evans. "I am deeply honored and hope to have an impact on the profession I love so much."
Founded in 1952, ACA is a not-for-profit professional and educational organization dedicated to the growth and enhancement of the counseling profession. ACA exclusively represents professional counselors in various practice settings and provides leadership training, publications, continuing education opportunities and advocacy services to its members.
Additionally, ACA has helped counseling professionals develop their skills, expand their knowledge base, and set professional and ethical standards for the counseling profession.
As an accomplished author, co-author and presenter of more than 70 journal articles and presentations, Evans has served as president of the Association for Creativity in Counseling, chair of the ACA Southern Region and on a number of committees at the national and state level.
Her numerous honors include the Texas Association of Counseling and Supervision 2006 Counselor Educator of the Year Award, the South Texas Counseling Association 2005 Outstanding Public Relations Award and the UTSA 2004 President's Distinguished Service Award. Evans received her doctor of philosophy degree in counselor education and master of arts in education, master of arts and bachelor of science degrees from the University of Alabama.
The UTSA College of Education and Human Development is the leading provider of educators in the San Antonio area and one of the largest in Texas. It is ranked third in the United States as a producer of teacher education degrees for Hispanics. COEHD graduates are known for their strong preparation, and their success on state licensing exams puts UTSA in the top tier of institutional performance on accountability measures for Texas. The college offers six undergraduate, seven masters and four doctoral degrees.


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Dave Grohl Interviews His Mom about Her New Book, Shares Funny StoriesDave's mom discussed getting to know Rush bassist Geddy Lee's mother, Mary, a Holocaust survivor whose story is included in 'From Cradle to Stage.'
5 Artists Who Went Toe-to-Toe with Westboro Baptist ChurchLorde, Kesha, Brad Paisley and more have stood up for a different message.
David Bowie Declined to Collaborate with the Foo Fighters"I got to be honest, it's not my thing."
Rihanna, Dave Grohl, Chris Stapleton and More added to Lionel Richie GRAMMY TributeThe artists join an already star studded lineup.
Dave Grohl vs. Animal
Petition Attempts to Get Dave Grohl to Host 'Saturday Night Live'Grohl has definitely paid his dues on "SNL"; it's time to let him host (according to him and some of his fans).
Foo Fighters and Yes' Jon Davison Cover Rush's "Tom Sawyer"Yes is just too hard, according to Grohl.
Tower Records Immortalized in New Doc Featuring Former Employee Dave Grohl, Bruce Springsteen"It's just a missing part of our society now."
You Need to See Dave Grohl Cover Neil Young's 'Cinnamon Girl' at a Biker RallyApparently, headlining RFK Stadium wasn't enough for Dave Grohl.
Dave Grohl Brings Foo Fighters' Throne, Sonic Highways to Washington D.C.Grohl took the lemon that was his injury and made some sweet, rocking lemonade.
Dave Grohl's Broken Leg Could Cost Foo Fighters MillionsGrohl promises to be back "as soon as possible," but there's still no clue when or whether American dates will become victim to his injury.
Dave Grohl on Kanye West Playing Glastonbury: 'It Could Be a F---ing Disaster'Yeah, we know, that sounds bad, but the Foo Fighters frontman means it in a good way.


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With Thanksgiving behind them, Cecilia residents welcomed the Christmas spirit Saturday with a parade and caboose lighting.
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|Institution Type:
|Campus Setting:
|Southeast Mid-size city
|Highest Degree Offered:
|Associate's degree
|Historically Black College or University:
|Level of Institution:
|At least 2 but less than 4 years
the college enter active. also hands on with everything. a learning environment.…
the instructors at this institution are very professional. they have a great teaching style which makes learning fun and interesting. this is my first semester and so far i am…
They have great teachers that are willinf to help you achieve your degree.…
Trenholm State Technical College is a good college. I love my teachers and I recommend this college to other people…
H. Councill Trenholm State Technical College is an associate degree granting institution with the mission to provide accessible educational opportunities, including credit and non-credit courses and certificates, for career preparation, advancement, life-long learning as well as to promote economic growth and enhance the quality of life for residents of central Alabama.
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The earlier thread seems to have disappeared. At any rate, it was good to meet some of you who were there. Here are some links to some of the topics that were discussed:
Paper by Marla Spivak et al on VSH and Minn. Hygenic bees, confirming what John Harbo and Gary Reuter said.
Gary Reuter's home page which has some cool stuff. Everything from how to make comb honey to a pollination contract.
Joe Latshaw web site which has some really good stuff too, including queen rearing basics: http://www.latshawapiaries.com/q-rearing_basics.htm


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Photo gallery
Our Photo Gallery
Hello All! If you are receiving this email, you have signed up and committed to participate in the Z(ahradka) Farm CSA Winter program starting January 9th. First of all I would like to thank e
Hello All! Thanks for your support last Winter! The weather and the Holidays quickly approaching are a sign that the WINTER veggies are almost ready and our home deliveries are about to start! Our cro
Hello! My name is Lacey and I am the packing manager here at the Z Farm CSA! I am reaching out to all of our members to let you know that we still have Turkeys available for purchase for the holidays!


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great stuff Roosevelt.
the younger generation just doesn't know what it's like
to have a team and a QB that is going to walk onto a field
and totally dominate the other team. we never "came back" in the 4th QTR, we just ran the clock out.
this generation of Giants and fans might very well be "elite"
back then they weren't elite.....they were sledgehammers.


text: Although flawed in its execution, the addition of AFCIs to the 2002 Code highlights the importance of arc-fault protection. Circuit breakers and fuses are effective in preventing fires caused by a bolted-type short circuit or ground fault. However, the amount of current flow in a high-impedance arc is often too low to trip the protection device, creating the potential for a fire. To reduce the number


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why doesn't anybody use this stuff for mite control. sounds pretty nice to me since it gives the mites a deadly pathogen which reproduces on mites and can spread between them. read this;
was additional studies preformed that had indications not to use it?
it appears i should have done a search, cause there has been some discussion on it.


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By Nik Brumsack
Arsène Wenger insists his team's primary focus will be their own performance when they take to the field for Saturday's north London derby.
Arsenal face a Tottenham side that have won three of their five league away games this season, including a 3-2 triumph at Manchester United.
And while Wenger admits Tottenham have altered their style under new manager Andre Villas-Boas, he is urging his team to focus on their own game.
"Tottenham are more robust physically, more strong in the impact of the contacts and still very dangerous on the counter-attacks and the flanks with Bale, Lennon, Adebayor [and] Defoe," Wenger said. "They are quick, dangerous and sharp.
"We are just concerned about us being at our best. We are a team whose game is based on movement, mobility and technique and we will express that if we respect our qualities. If we want to play in a different way, it will not be good enough so it is most important that we express our qualities well.
"If you look at the passing quality since the start of the season, we are maybe the best team. We have not always won the battles purely physically, yes, so we have to find a good compromise in that."Copyright 2017 The Arsenal Football Club plc. Permission to use quotations from this article is granted subject to appropriate credit being given to www.arsenal.com as the source


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UTSA safety newsletter available for download
By Geoffrey Merritt
Police Officer, UTSA Police Department
(March 8, 2007)--The March edition of 'Runner Beat, a campus safety newsletter for the UTSA community, is available now for download (PDF document).
Today's headlines
- La Prensa Foundation is newest member of UTSA Lone Star Society
- UTSA alumna Jordan Kaufmann wins $50K for new stent-graft start-up
- UTSA begins new way-finding sign installation this summer at Main Campus
- USA Today: UTSA long jumper Tyler Williamson rescues three-year-old boy
Article tools
In this edition you will find:
- Safe Spring Break Tips
- Crime Alert: Sexual Assault at San Antonio College
- UTSAPD Officers Participate in Diploma Dash
- Chief Hernandez Parachutes with U.S. Army Golden Knights
- How to Call UTSA Police
- Chief's Corner
The UTSA Police Department wishes UTSA students, faculty and staff a happy and safe spring break.
For more information, e-mail email@example.com.


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Does anyone have a method to check for crazing with dark glazes? My normal method for craze testing is to heat a glazed test pot in the oven @ 325 for 30 minutes then plunge the pot into room temp water, then repeat procedure twice, each time increasing the oven temp by 5 degrees. Then I rub sumi ink onto the pot, leave it sit for a few minutes, rinse and check for crazing. Works for clear, whites and most glazes but obviously not for black or very dark brown etc. I tried floating a solution of isopropanol and nepsy on a flat test piece, logic being the alcohol would evaporate leaving the nepsy in the crazing if there was any. Results were messy and not that conclusive. Any suggestions?
Crazing Test for Dark Glazes
Started by Min, Feb 15 2013 11:31 AM
3 replies to this topic
Posted 15 February 2013 - 11:31 AM
Posted 16 February 2013 - 03:05 PM
What about white ink? Dick Blick sells it online.
Diane Puckett
Dry Ridge Pottery
Dry Ridge Pottery
Posted 16 February 2013 - 06:38 PM
Thanks for the idea Diane, I'll give it a try with a high expansion glaze that I know would craze on my clay to try it and see.
What about white ink? Dick Blick sells it online.
Posted 16 February 2013 - 09:27 PM
An LED flashlight may show crazing.
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Kansas City Chiefs quarterback Matt Cassel sustained a concussion on Sunday but from the reaction of the fans, one might've thought Kansas City just made a big play. Offensive tackle Eric Winston said after the game, "It's sickening. I've never, ever -- and I've been in some rough times on some rough teams -- I've never been more embarrassed in my life to play football than at that moment right there. I get emotional about it because these guys, they work their butts off. Matt Cassel hasn't done anything to you people."
Fantasy Analysis:
RB Jamaal Charles also defended Cassel and even the defender who accidentally injured him, Baltimore Ravens defensive tackle Haloti Ngata said, "For them to cheer for him being hurt, that's just not cool." Not exactly a very eloquent or poignant analysis, but it doesn't make it anymore true. The Chiefs are 1-4 and Cassel is tied for the league lead with nine interceptions. We can all agree that Cassel isn't playing that well, but the fans crossed a line. There's still plenty of talent on this team and they're very young at some positions. A bad start can be overcome, especially in the AFC West. Cassel's playing status for Week 6 is not yet known. Brady Quinn is the team's primary backup.


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New owner for former Atlantic Beach Sheraton
ATLANTIC BEACH - The former Sheraton hotel was auctioned off late Wednesday morning. The Newport Group Inc., a company based out of Augusta, Georgia, purchased the property at the Carteret County Courthouse. The company was the only bidder; about 25 people attended the auction. The property was purchased for $4.56 million.
This comes a year and a half after the hotel was damaged by Hurricane Irene. Extensive repair was done on the hotel, but legal troubles have lead to the hotel's foreclosure.
Cotton Construction U.S.A. Inc. field a civil complaint in Carteret Superior Court, alleging the Sheraton never paid $1.7 million. The company was hired after Irene caused severe water damage inside the hotel and to the roof.
Now, tourism officials are excited for what a new owner of the building could bring to the area. Some local business owners are also excited. They think it could help revive tourist visits to the part of the island. Newport Group Vice President of Operations Marty Matfess says it is still early to devulge details, but they do have a definite plan for the building.
"We do plan on opening it as a hotel in the very near future." said Matfess. "We are really excited about it, it is a beautiful hotel the locations great being on the beach is just wonderful."
There is a 10-day period where another bidder could purchase the property; after that period, the Newport Group will be the owners. The new owner hopes to reopen the building as a hotel, but no plans have been released.
The Newport Group also owns the DoubleTree in downtown New Bern.


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When people join online dating sites, they are generally looking for companionship, not a good investment opportunity. When they join business networking sites, they want to find contacts, not fall for a scam. Unfortunately cases of investment fraud that started out in unexpected places like dating sites and social networking sites are popping up more and more.
As technology continues to advance, fraudsters are adopting more unconventional approaches to soliciting victims and the Internet provides a unique opportunity to do just that. The Internet is completely anonymous, for the most part; so it can be very difficult to know if the person on the other end of the computer is who they say they are. As these real case examples illustrate, investors in Indiana and across the country are falling victim to investment fraud online.
In order to raise awareness about investment fraud perpetrated online and protect Hoosiers who may be susceptible to falling victim, our office launched an online public awareness initiative using a grant from the Investor Protection Trust. Through this effort, we are proactively fighting fire with fire by inserting our educational message into the spaces where fraudsters potentially solicit victims. In order to accomplish this, we created online ads, videos and websites to highlight four types of online scams that appear legitimate at first glance, but which really incorporate common techniques used by fraudsters. View the ads and websites for each scam to see the examples of investment fraud perpetrated online:
|Pondse Investment Funds uses some of the most common fraud tactics: promising to double your money in three months, claiming zero percent risk and guaranteed returns. These are all unrealistic promises meant to entice potential investors. When it comes to investing, there is always a level of risk involved and you are never guaranteed to make money.
|Investing in the stock market carries a higher level of risk compared to other types of investing, yet this company claims that not a single customer has ever lost money and the stocks they picked had a 150 percent increase in value. Again, these are flat out unrealistic promises. This company also claims to have insider information to help pick stocks on the rise. Insider information, or insider trading, is illegal and you should not work with anyone claiming to have it.
|Guaranteed returns with 200 percent interest and no income tax. If it sounds too good to be true, that's because it is. Banco di Lyre, offering complete confidentiality and high returns on the Manchukuo exchange rate, represents offshore and foreign currency investment scams. With these types of scams, victims typically never hear from the company again after sending the initial payment.
|Sutton Charles and Miller Energy Advisors represents a type of fraud that has been around a while: oil and gas ventures. The company touts a new technology that can accrue oil without drilling by using magnets. The fraudster uses scientific terms and jargon to make his pitch seem more legitimate. The company also makes it seem like this is a limited time offer only being given to a special group of people. By pressuring investors to act right away, the fraudster hopes they won't take time to fully research the opportunity and discover it's a scam.
This public awareness initiative was funded through a grant from the Investor Protection Trust, a nonprofit organization devoted to investor education. Since 1993, the IPT has worked with the states to provide the independent, objective investor education needed by all Americans to make informed investment decisions.
It's important to treat online investment opportunities like any other. Use these tips to help protect your hard-earned money:
Read about real-life cases of investment fraud perpetrated online right here in Indiana and across North America.


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text: Greetings, all. Just looking for an answer to what I thought was a simple question - but apparently that is not the case. The question I am trying to answer is, "what mirror do I buy to replace my driver's side assembly?" I own a 2003 Silverado 2500HD base crew cab, with 6.0L V8. And every single mirror I have found online is either a manual, non-heated mirror, or a power, heated mirror. Mine are power, NON-heated. Is there such a thing in the realm of the interwebs, or am I doomed to resort to shelling out big money for the dealer to obtain it for me? Anyone with any experience or suggestions for websites, phone numbers, or part numbers is welcome to hit me up here or PM me. Thanks. Crash


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Redskins Fan Here.
I'm not here to talk smack about yesterdays game. All I have to say is blame the refs as you will, but big blue couldn't be stopped if they would have passed the ball. Our pass D is absolutely HORRIBLE. Good game nevertheless.
I've been through the likes of Jason Campbell, Donovan, Fat Albert, Adam Archuleta, JOHN BECK, Sexy Rexy, Shaun Suisham, Graham gaNO.
I've seen the Redskins attempt their swinging gate, have a Monday night massacre against Philly and just outright suck in every way, shape and form.
But through all the suckage I've been able to sit back and reflect on the glory days. The hogs. Darrell Green. Art Monk. Charles Mann.
I've silently browsed these (along with the Eagles and Cowboys) forums for a while, and I've noticed one sad thing. Many of you are entirely OBLIVIOUS. You bash your team, your players and your coach non-stop. You've won two superbowls with this group and are the defending champs, yet many of you claim that you're "Done".
All I came here to say was, and without trying to be an antogonist, ENJOY THE GLORY DAYS. Giant's football is very much alive. You guys always start sucking this time of year and then BAM, Superbowl.
There will be times in the future, I PROMISE, that you will feel like the biggest jackass for bashing this team. Wake up and be good fans. It's embarassing. Obviously this doesn't apply to everybody.
Sure, your co-owner Mara is a POS - but I felt it my duty to remind you guys that one day you will return to the cellar of the NFC east (just like every team does eventually) and will look back on these days fondly. Enjoy them.
A fan who has seen A LOT


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Be sure to click on the Scrapbook Pages to enlarge image.
You can actually see the glitter on the cards!
When footnote Maven announced the theme for the 14th Edition of Smile for the Camera, I knew there were several wedding pictures in my family box of treasures, but I couldn't make up my mind which one I wanted to use. I first searched my Family Tree Maker files to see if I had any marriages that had occurred in June. There were a few but most of those were ancestors I did not have photographs of, or I knew little if anything about.
Then my sister's ex-husband found a box of cards and letters in the attic of the house where they had lived for many years. Sadly, the house was being prepared for destruction due to damages done during Hurricane Ike. He and his wife thought Peggy might like to go through the box to see if there was anything she might like to have.
She invited me over one Saturday and we sat down and laughed and smiled at all the memories we found hidden in that box. When she began to pull out cards they had received from friends and family congratulating them on their marriage, I quickly grabbed them and knew eventually I would want to use them somewhere. I scanned the cards, inside and out, and saved them for just such an event as "Smile for the Camera".
I hope you will enjoy my scrapbook pages, and even though they are no longer together, I feel the joy and love captured in the images of these cards was a part of their young lives that is forever a part of their history.
Wedding Photo Collage
Mildred Smith Hicks Richards
and Daughters
Judy Shubert, Sue Breakall, Peggy Duke, Angie Pruett
Mildred Smith Hicks Richards
and Daughters
Judy Shubert, Sue Breakall, Peggy Duke, Angie Pruett
I couldn't let this Wedding Belles edition of Smile for the Camera pass without including a scrapbook page of photographs of my sisters and me on our wedding day surrounding the very beautiful one taken of our sweet mother, Mildred. Mildred's picture was taken around 1942, Judy's in 1964, Peggy's in 1967, Sue's was in 1968, and Angie's was made in 1986.
Smile For The Camera, 14th Edition
The word prompt for the 14th Edition of Smile For The Camera is Wedding Belles. Historically, couples married in the month of June to honor Juno, the Roman goddess of marriage. Others did it to time conception so births wouldn't interfere with harvest work. And brides in the 15th century chose to marry in June because it coincided with their "annual bath" - that's right - ensuring a relatively sweet-smelling honeymoon. Show us a photograph of a wedding, a wedding party, a bride, a groom, the reception, or even the honeymoon. Bring them to the carnival and share. Admission is free with every photograph!


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Garden Veggie Pasta Salad RecipeRead Reviews Be the first to add a review
4 1 2
This recipe pleasantly proves that making pasta salad doesn't have to be a time-consuming task, thanks to the head start from bottled salad dressing.
Recommended: 37 Light Pasta Recipes with Big Flavor
- 1-1/2 cups uncooked elbow macaroni
- 1 pint cherry tomatoes, quartered
- 1/2 cup chopped green pepper
- 1 celery rib, chopped
- 2 green onions, chopped
- 1/2 cup Italian salad dressing
- 1 tablespoon mayonnaise
- 1/4 teaspoon pepper
- Cook macaroni according to package directions. Drain and rinse in cold water. In a large bowl, combine the macaroni, tomatoes, green pepper, celery and onions. In a small bowl, whisk the salad dressing, mayonnaise and pepper. Pour over salad; toss to coat. Refrigerate until serving. Yield: 4 servings.
Originally published as Veggie Macaroni Salad in Taste of Home Meals in Minutes Calendar Annual 2004, p5
Reviews for Garden Veggie Pasta Salad
Please Log In or Join to add a rating and review.
Click stars to rate
Any changes to your rating or review will appear where you originally posted your review
Reviewed Mar. 12, 2012
"I added some ranch dressing & some shredded cheddar cheese. Yummy!"


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Hi! Welcome from Lebanon Oregon!! I love your fabric for the stack and whack, cannot wait to see your quilt when done!!
Printable View
Hi! Welcome from Lebanon Oregon!! I love your fabric for the stack and whack, cannot wait to see your quilt when done!!
Welcome to the board.
I'm pretty sure I'd start to smell pretty bad before I could get myself to take a freezing cold shower!
Welcome from New Mexico!
Hi Rosie and welcome from California. My heart really goes out to all those effected by Sandy. Such terrible devastation. Those poor folks.
Hi from Ohio and glad you are ok from the storm!
Hi Rose from another Jersey Girl. So sorry to hear of the destruction you and many of your neighbors are dealing with. We were quite fortunate where we are. Just days of no power. Easy by comparison. The quilting will help ease the pain.
Hello Rosie!
Welcome from Minnesota!
Hope things are improving for everyone around you!
Have fun quilting! :)
Hi Rosie, welcome from NE Ohio.Glad you made it through the storm safely. And want to tell everyone affected out there to just in there because there is a light at the end of the tunnel. We can't all be there phsysically to help but our heart are with you all.
Hi Rosie, welcome from New Hampshire.
Glad you escaped most of Sandy's ravages.
I have 2 quilts almost finished for the family of a good friend whose homes were destroyed in Breezy Point and the Rockaways.
Rosie, Welcome and my quilting has kept me sane all though this since we do own a house on LBI...which has been totally gutted. While we were waiting to be able to go back on the island to access the damages I sewed the blocks for two queen size quilt tops Crazy Quilt II pattern...so now all I have to do is put them together. But it has been a nerve racking three weeks....fist is knowing if we still had a house...then finding out we got 27 inches of water then everything that I own put out to the curb.....But we are Jersey Strong...meeting up with the wind adjuster today....thank goodness we never even lost power at the other house.....but I am looking forward to getting everything done by April l I will be ready to go back.


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quote:I'm bringing skinny girl cosmo
quote:River went well before his time.
quote:Sr. or Jr. ?
quote:I was talking to a client on MSN messenger and I had a picture up and they asked why I had a picture of justin bieber set as my profile. I was like sadly, that is me.
quote:Christian Bale


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Avelar Tummy Tuck Doctors in Fort Worth, Texas
- Cosmetic Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, Hair Restoration (Replacement), Minimally Invasive Surgery (BOTOX®)
Mark Allen Bishara, MD
- Mark Bishara, MD
- 1830 East Broad Street #102
- Mansfield, Texas 76063
Dr. Bishara provides you with a wide range of cosmetic procedures to help you look and feel your best. These procedures are designed to improve the appearance of your face and your body through minimally invasive techniques that provide highly effective results without the downtime, pain, or discomofort. Many of these procedures can be combined in order to maximize your results. All of our procedures are performed at Baylor Surgery Center at Mansfield using the most advanced, state-of-the-art, and safest equipment currently available.
Most Popular Procedures: Breast Augmentation (Breast Implants), Breast Lift Surgery, Chin Augmentation (Implants), Liposuction Surgery (Lipoplasty), Tummy Tuck (Abdominoplasty)
- Mark Allen Bishara, MD
Mark Bishara, MD
- Location: 1830 East Broad Street Ste. 102 Mansfield, TX 76063
- Click here for phone number
- Distance: 7.8 miles
- Top Procedures:
- Breast Augmentation (Breast Implants)
- Breast Lift Surgery
- Chin Augmentation (Implants)
- Liposuction Surgery (Lipoplasty)
- Tummy Tuck (Abdominoplasty)
- Experience: 2 years
- Mark Allen Bishara, MD
- Cosmetic Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Spas & Medspas, Minimally Invasive Surgery (BOTOX®), Ophthalmology
Michael L. Thornton, DO, FACOS
- Mansfield Cosmetic Surgery Center & Medical Spa
- 550 N. Walnut Creek, Ste 120
- Mansfield, Texas 76063
Dr. Michael L. Thornton is a fellowship-trained Cosmetic Surgeon providing you with an array of surgical procedures in facial cosmetic surgery, cosmetic breast surgery, body contouring surgery, post-bariatric weight loss surgery, laser liposuction, and CO2 fractionated laser skin resurfacing.
Growing up in Texas, Dr. Michael Thornton received his premedical Bachelor's degree from Baylor University and received his Medical degree from the University of North Texas Health Science Center in Fort Worth. He completed a comprehensive five-year general surgery residency through Michigan State University affiliated hospitals at Mount Clemens Regional Medical Center in Mount Clemens, MI and completed an additional one-year fellowship in Surgical Critical Care and Trauma Surgery at the internationally recognized R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center at the University of Maryland Medical Center in Baltimore, MD, where he acquired extensive experience in the management and reconstruction of complex traumatic wounds and injuries.
Following a life-long creative passion and talent, Dr. Michael Thornton furthered his surgical expertise by completing a dedicated, one-year advanced fellowship in Cosmetic Surgery, accredited and recognized by the American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery, where he gained concentrated knowledge in all major areas of cosmetic surgery including facial plastic surgery, rhinoplasty, cosmetic breast surgery, liposuction, body contouring surgery, non-surgical aesthetics, skin care rejuvenation, and laser medicine.
Dr. Michael Thornton is a diplomate of the American Board of Cosmetic Surgery, which is the only American certifying board that tests knowledge and experience exclusively in art of Cosmetic Surgery. In addition, he is dual-board certified by the American Osteopathic Board of Surgery in both general surgery and surgical critical care / trauma surgery. Because of Dr. Michael Thornton's multiple board-certification and surgical dedication, he has been bestowed the honor as Fellow in the American College of Osteopathic Surgeons (FACOS) and as Fellow in the American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery (FAACS). In addition, he has over 13-years of combined surgical training and operative experience and was named "2008 Top Docs" in Fort Worth, Texas Magazine, in the specialty of cosmetic surgery.
In addition to the practice of cosmetic surgery, Dr. Michael Thornton has a personal interest in performing complex abdominal hernia repair and abdominal wall reconstruction, as well as performing minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery, endoscopic surgery, and various general surgery procedures his patients may encounter, including repairing abdominal hernias during an abdominoplasty procedure.
Dr. Michael Thornton is a talented and compassionate surgeon and his philosophy is for you to achieve a natural and imperceptible result that focuses on your specific goals, while carefully attempting to minimize any scars. He believes your cosmetic surgery is only successful when you are happy and pleased!
Most Popular Procedures: Oculoplastics
- Michael L. Thornton, DO, FACOS
Mansfield Cosmetic Surgery Center & Medical Spa
- Location: 550 N. Walnut Creek, Ste 120 Mansfield, TX 76063
- Click here for phone number
- Distance: 7.2 miles
- Top Procedures:
- Oculoplastics
- Experience: 14 years
- Financing:
- CareCredit
- Michael L. Thornton, DO, FACOS


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Tuesday, August 7 is Primary Election Day in Mississippi!
If you have questions about candidates grades and endorsements, please call our Grassroots Division at 800-392-8683 or visit www.NRAPVF.org.
For more information about voting in Mississippi, please visit: http://www.sos.state.ms.us/elections/VoterInfoGuide.asp
Be sure to "Vote Freedom First" on Tuesday, August 7!
Tuesday, August 7 is Primary Election Day in Mississippi!
Thursday, July 19, 2007
Tuesday, August 7 is Primary Election Day in Mississippi!
Friday, May 19, 2017
The Supreme Court of North Dakota confirmed this week that simply possessing a handgun while on one's own private property cannot support a finding of "disorderly conduct" under the state's disorderly conduct restraining order law. ...
Tuesday, May 16, 2017
The House Judiciary Committee passed Senate Bill 1657 by a 7-6 vote.
Thursday, May 25, 2017
The National Rifle Association Institute for Legislative Action (NRA-ILA) today applauded Texas Gov. Greg Abbott for signing into law NRA-backed legislation that will make license to carry fees in Texas among the lowest in the ...
Wednesday, May 24, 2017
Tomorrow, Thursday, May 25, at 12:00 pm (PT), NRA's legal team will be hosting a free webinar to discuss the recently submitted "assault weapon" regulations.
Monday, May 22, 2017
Last week, attorneys on behalf of the NRA filed an amicus brief in Kitsap County v. Kitsap Rifle and Revolver Club (Kitsap II), the case which challenges Kitsap County's firearm discharge ban and range licensing scheme. Kitsap Rifle and ...
Monday, May 22, 2017
Today, May 22, Governor Brian Sandoval signed important pro-gun legislation, Assembly Bill 118, into law. AB 118, sponsored by Assemblyman Skip Daly, will allow members of the military and those who have received an honorable ...
Tuesday, May 23, 2017
Friday, May 26th is the deadline for the fiscal committees to pass bills to the floor from the chamber of origin. On Thursday, May 25, the Senate AppropriationsCommittee is scheduled to consider Senate Bill 464 and Senate Bill 497. ...
Thursday, May 4, 2017
Today, Maryland Governor Larry Hogan signed House Bill 1427 into law.
Wednesday, May 24, 2017
This week, Senator Antonio Munoz filed Senate Amendment 2 to Senate Bill 556.
Thursday, January 1, 2015
CAUTION: Federal and state firearms laws are subject to frequent change. This summary is not to be considered as legal advice or a restatement of law.


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Last year I started a new hive in a beemax hive. I mixed 1/2 pierco with 1/2 wood/foundation to see how they took to the plastic frames (I alternated 1/1)
They didn't seem to mind the plastic, but only drew out 1/2 the box. I added another box, and they proceeded to draw that out - but again, only 5 or so frames - all to one side - not the middle 5. They were a decent hive aside from that - lots of bees, but I never got them past the 1/2 hive.
I assumed I'd lose them over the winter (I'm in Massachusetts), but they were fine - they had 5+ frames of stored honey, and made it through the mild winter in good fashion.
2 weeks ago, I opened the hive to find no eggs/brood/etc. But, I had one open queen cup, so I decided to give them some time to check and see if she mated, and is laying. I went back in yesterday, ready to add a frame of eggs/brood from another hive, but there was one frame - both sides almost completely full of capped brood. Some larva in spots, but almost all capped brood. No pollen, no honey/nectar - just a full frame of brood - from top to bottom and side to side.
What is up with these bees? While I'm only a 4th year beek, I've never seen an entire frame full of brood - it's always had the typical brood/honey/pollen look to it.
Is this hive on something? Is this semi-normal? My good hive has been doing great, and this hive seems to be two or three grade-levels below them in terms of bee-competence.
Any thoughts would be appreciated.


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The struggle to create a new Kenya government which represents the interests of all parties and confronts the election debacle caused by President Kibaki's vote manipulation, continues without any final resolution. Kibaki has agreed with opposition leader Raila Odinga's demand for creation of a prime minister, but he is fighting to reduce the power of that office. Raila Odinga insists he has full confidence in the mediation team headed by Kofi Annan, and he received support from prominent parliamentary leader, Frances Ole Kaparo who urged a shift away from an imperial presidency towards a partilamentary system of governance.
As politicians endeavored to establish the basis of government, many Kenyans are witnessing gangs take over their businesses or apartments. Ms. Pascalia Njuku Mutuku told a reporter for the Daily Standard a gang had simply taken over her apartment buildings, evicted her from the premises, and assumed the role of landlord. Similar stories are reported all over Kenya as mob and ethnic rule has become the order of the day.
Does President Kibaki ever ponder the effects of his blatant stealing of an election? Had he simply accepted the voice of the electorate he would have gone down in history as a man who placed interests of the nation in front of his own needs for power. A perennial problem in Africa is the presence of men like Kibaki. Africa needs more Nelson Mandelas.


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The experts
Jon Howard works for the Campaign for Real Ale. gbbf.org.uk/camra.org.uk
Martyn Cornell was Beer Blogger of the Year in the British Guild of Beer Writers' 2011 awards for his Zythophile blog. @zythophiliac
Pete Brown is the author of Shakespeare's Local, out in November. @PeteBrownBeer
Melissa Cole is the author of Let Me Tell You About Beer, the perfect beginner's guide to the world of great brews. @melissacole
Magic Rock High Wire
royalmilewhiskies.com £2.40 (5.5% ABV)
"High Wire has an explosion of fruit flavours," explains Jon. "A crisp, golden pint, and a remarkable creation from a brewery that started up only last year."
Badger Golden Champion
badgerdirect.com, £26 for 8 bottles (5% ABV)
"A perennial favourite from the West Country," says Pete. "Flavoured with a hint of elderflower, this beer is a wonderful evocation of summer evenings and a perfect accompaniment to the caramelised crispy bits of the barbecue."
Young's Bitter
majestic.co.uk, £12.80 for 8 bottles (4.5% ABV)
"This is the perfect session beer," says Melissa, who loves its "soft earthy nose, the hint of orange marmalade and its delicious gentle astringency."
Thornbridge Saint Petersburg Imperial Russian Stout
mybrewerytap.com, £36 for 12 bottles (7.7% ABV)
This full-bodied stout is delicately laced with chocolate and you immediately catch the intriguingly smoky scent of peat, a hint of vanilla and espresso.
Harviestoun Schiehallion
harviestoun.com, £14 for 8 bottles (4.8% ABV)
"This fascinating lager will blow you away," says Melissa. "Chock full of aromas and flavours like fresh-cut grass, brown sugar, lychee and green mango, it is a complex and stunning beer."
Adnams Explorer
adnams.co.uk, £13.50 for 8 bottles (5.0% ABV)
"A fine example of a blonde ale using US hops in a restrained fashion," says Melissa. "Full of herbal, citrus notes, it reminds me of a sea walk."
Ilkley Brewery Siberia
mybrewerytap.com, £28.75 for 12 bottles (5.9% ABV)
"I'm going to admit this is a shameless inclusion, as I created it in collaboration with Ilkley, but it's just so yummy," says Melissa.
Kelham Island Pale Rider
beerritz.co.uk, £2.82 (5.2% ABV)
"Sadly the great man who made this, Dave Wickett, has just passed away," says Melissa. "However, the beer is a joy, with aromas of peach, raspberry and cucumber."
Windsor & Eton Conqueror Black IPA
bestofbritishbeer.co.uk, £29.99 for 12 bottles (5% ABV)
"The Conqueror is a mouth-watering collision of different styles – 'hoppy and dry' with 'dark and roasted'," says Jon.
Otter Bright
waitrose.com, £2.24 (4.3% ABV)
This beer has an understated flavour, but that doesn't make it any less masterful. Light and refreshing, it only takes a few sips to ask: could this pale ale come any paler?
Buxton Moor Top
slurp.co.uk, £2.30 (3.6% ABV)
Jon is a great fan of this dry hopped pale ale: "It's brimming with a citrus flavour and aroma, with a slight bitterness in the finish and a late grapefruit kick."
Thornbridge Wild Swan
sussex-ales.co.uk, £2.10 (3.5% ABV)
"Thornbridge is a force to be reckoned with in brewing," says Jon. "It has won more than 190 Camra and SIBA awards since 2005. Wild Swan is a favourite – pure white gold in a glass."
Fyne Ales Jarl
fyneales.com, £25 for 12 bottles (3.8% ABV)
"This light-coloured ale is also light in body, with summer fruits bursting through and a crisp dry finish to top it all off," says Jon. "Ideally consumed on a fine summer's day."
Keswick Thirst Run
online-beer.co.uk, £2.98 (4.2% ABV)
It was a design error which prevented Keswick's premier ale from being named "First Run", but fortunately it was the only mistake it made with this golden pale ale.
Freedom Organic Dark
freedombrewery.com, £12.50 for 12 bottles (4.7% ABV)
"Welcome to the dark side," says Melissa. "This brew strikes a great balance of freshness and sweetness that allows you to enjoy the sweet toffee and fruit notes."
Windsor & Eton Republika
alesbymail.com, £2.25 (4.8% ABV)
"Brewed with Czech ingredients, this beats the Europeans at their own game. Which is nice," says Pete.
Chapel Down Curious Brew
chapeldown.com, £29.99 for 24 bottles (4.7% ABV)
"This is a lager brewed with champagne yeast, giving it a delicious grapey fruitiness and tingling sparkle," says Pete.
Meantime London Lager
meantimebrewing.com, £15.99 for 12 bottles (4.5% ABV)
The only complaint most people have about this perfect summer lager is that it doesn't come in big enough bottles.
Otley O-Garden
realbeerbox.com, £2.94 (4.8% ABV)
"On the nose there is orange and clove, topped off by rich tropical-fruit notes," says Melissa. "Then you get a sweet clove up front and an earthier note from the coriander."
St Austell Clouded Yellow
staustellbreweryshop.co.uk, £21.95 for 12 bottles (4.8% ABV)
"This sublime offering is rich in vanilla, clove and coriander. It flutters like its namesake on your tastebuds," says Melissa.
Bristol Beer Factory Hefe
bestofbritishbeer.co.uk, £28.99 for 12 bottles (4.5% ABV)
Melissa can't think of a better British take on the German-style Hefeweissbier, or yeast-in wheat beer. "It's full of all the things Weiss beer fans love."
Thornbridge Versa
sussex-ales.co.uk, £2.50 (5% ABV)
"Thornbridge is proving it can reach high standards with
any beer style," says Pete. "This naturally hazy Weiss beer is cool, quenching and full of banoffee."
Camden Wheat
realale.com, £2.40 (5% ABV)
Camden Brewery opened in 2010. Camden Wheat is unashamedly inspired by classic unfiltered Weiss beers and is one of the best in the range; cloudy and citrusy.
Woodfordes Wherry
woodfordes.co.uk, £27.12 for 12 bottles (3.8% ABV)
"From one of the most successful East Anglian start-ups, now 31 years old, Wherry is a light, moreish, balanced, bitter," says Martyn.
Crouch Vale Essex Boys
alesbymail.com, £2.80 (4% ABV)
"With its pale-brown feathery head and aroma of fruit cake, fudge, straw and burnt caramel, this is definitely one to sup with relish at the end of a hard day," says Melissa.
Triple fff Alton's Pride
triplefff.com, £20 for 12 bottles (3.8% ABV)
"This has enjoyed a barrel load of success in Camra competitions," Jon points out. "A traditional amber bitter, it ticks all the boxes."
York Brewery Terrier
ocado.com, £1.99 (4.2% ABV)
A light golden ale with hints of orange that liven up the flavour before the dry, grassy finish. It's an expertly balanced bitter that makes for very easy drinking.
Sambrook's Wandle Ale
alesbymail.com, £2.80 (3.8% ABV)
"This is one of the major breweries to help a real-ale revival in London over the past five years," explains Jon. "Wandle balances a touch of dryness with a rounded, sweet flavour."
Crouch Vale, Brewers Gold
alesbymail.com, £2.80 (4% ABV)
"Two-time winner of Camra's Champion Beer of Britain competition, this golden brew has become one of the most recognised real ales in the UK," says Jon. "Crouch Vale also makes Amarillo."
Liberation Ale
liberationgroup.com, £2.70 (4% ABV)
"Beer drinkers in the Channel Islands are well aware of the Liberation Group," says Jon. "This ale is well worth tracking down at the pumps here if you can't get over there."
Dark Star Sunburst
sussex-ales.co.uk, £2.15 (4.8% ABV)
This is a deliciously light ale, with plenty of lemon flavours and an infallible grapefruit tang. It is also available in cask during the summer.
Monty's Sunshine
bestofbritishbeer.co.uk, £28 for 12 bottles (4.2% ABV)
"Does exactly what is says on the bottle," says Pete, "from its sunny orange label to its grassy, fruity aroma and all the way to its light, crisp flavour."
Leeds Brewery Hellfire
sainburys.co.uk, £1.99 Only available in Yorkshire (5.2% ABV)
"Wonderfully sharp, bitter and quenching strong ale. Assertive and bold, perfect with spicy food," says Pete.
Timothy Taylor's Landlord
thefinewinecompany.co.uk, £2.50 (4.1% ABV)
"One to drink all night, it's a marvel how satisfying it is," says Martyn. "Subtle marmalade-and-fruitcake bitterness."
St Peter's Brewery Golden Ale
stpetersbrewery.co.uk, £23 for 12 bottles (4.7% ABV)
A perfect balance between a refreshingly bitter beer and sweet honey and caramel flavours. Beautiful bottle, too.
Sam Smiths Nut Brown
beersofeurope.co.uk, £2.59 (5% ABV)
Everyone loves Sam Smith's. This is a unique creation which contains, unsurprisingly, a flavour of nuts, with chestnut, hazelnut and almond tones.
whiskyandwines.com, £2.29 (3.6% ABV)
Originally called Beautiful Daze, after the music festival Beautiful Days, for which it was first brewed, this is a superb light-and-easy bitter.
Fuller's Vintage Ale 2011
fullers.co.uk, £5.45 (8.5% ABV)
For Melissa, these ales are at the forefront of the trend for ageing beer. "This is drinking beautifully already, but there are undercurrents of cherry that will only get better."
Magic Rock Human Cannonball
slurp.co.uk, £3.90 (9.2% ABV)
"Beer geeks love the citrus and pine flavours of New World hops, and this is jam-packed full of them. Will leave you begging for more," says Pete.
Brakspear Triple
drinksupermarket.com, £15.04 for 8 bottles (7.2% ABV)
"This not only takes its name from being triple fermented but also from being 'triple hopped', with three additions of target hops," says Martyn.
Woodforde's Headcracker
woodfordes.co.uk, £18.42 for 8 bottles (7% ABV)
This is a deliciously sweet barley wine, which warms the throat – a perfect winter brew. It's no surprise that it has won Woodforde's many awards.
Brewdog Hardcore IPA
brewdog.com, £2.69 (9.2% ABV)
Brewdog has gained a reputation for its attention-seeking approach. But this IPA really is artful – not least because of how well they have covered up the volume with sweet malts. Wonderful.
Guinness FES
sainburys.co.uk, £1.89 (7.5% ABV)
"The closest you'll get to the real 'Guinness original', FES stands for Foreign Extra Stout; a strong, black, roasty classic that replicates the stouts of the 19th century," says Martyn.
Hook Norton Double Stout
hooky.co.uk, £24 for 12 bottles (4.8% ABV)
"If you want to know what stout should really taste like, start here," says Melissa. "Rich coffee, chocolate and Malteser notes."
Ramsgate Brewery Gadd's Black Pearl Oyster Stout
bottledale.com, £2.60 (6.2% ABV)
"A connoisseur's stout from a place where they know about beer and oysters, this typically Kentish brew has a sweet and salty finish," says Pete.
Cairn Gorm Black Gold
cairngormbrewery.com, £2.20 (4.4% ABV)
This multi-award winning Scottish stout is fantastically rich and dark. The gold in the name can only refer to the wonderful sweetness.
Innis & Gunn Rum Finish
thedrinkshop.com (7.4% ABV)
Pete says, this is a "triumph". "It's a little bit spicy, thrilling and sophisticated at the same time – like saying a rude word in front of the Queen."
Thornbridge Bracia
alesbymail.com, £9.99 (10% ABV)
"Using seven different malts, roasted barley and five different hop varieties, brewer Stefano Cossi has created an instant classic," says Martyn.
William Bros Fraoch Heather Ale
williamsbrosbrew.com, £18 for 12 bottles (5% ABV)
"A revival of an old Scottish ale style, Fraoch (Gaelic for heather) has been a deserved success," says Martyn.
Wells Banana Bread
sainsburys.co.uk, £1.99 (5.2% ABV)
With its banoffee and caramel taste, deep golden-brown colour and playfully peppery tingle, there is no denying Wells have achieved exactly what they set out to do.
IndyBest product reviews are unbiased, independent advice you can trust. On some occasions, we earn revenue if you click the links and buy the products, but we never allow this to bias our coverage. The reviews are compiled through a mix of expert opinion and real-world testingReuse content


text:
A Day After Gains, Gold Miners Follow Gold's Decline
Monday was a pretty great day for gold miners' stocks as the price of gold rose 1.42%, ending a seven-day losing streak.
But today, we're back to what's seemingly become business as usual, with gold falling 0.47%…and miners following suit.
Barrick Gold (ABX) fell 2.5% Tuesday, after seeing a 7.3% gain Monday; Kinross Gold (KGC) was down 3.7% after a 7.8% rise; Goldcorp (GG) was down 2.5% after rising 5.7%. Newmont Mining (NEM), which rose 5.4% yesterday, fell 1.1% today.
For the record, Barrick is down 45% in 2013, while Kinross has lost 44%. Newmont has declined 31% while Goldcorp has fared better, losing 27%.


text:
Stay connected with us to get the latest health and fitness news, innovative workouts, healthy recipes and wellness tips.
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Inspired by the Alsatian classic choucroute garni, this comforting, one-pot meal takes a shortcut with bagged shredded cabbage. Serve topped with additional brown mustard, if you like.
Nutrition Profile:
Diabetes Appropriate
Gluten Free Diet
Healthy Weight
Heart Healthy
High Fiber
High Potassium
Low Calorie
Low Cholesterol
Low Sat Fat
Serves 2
Prep Time 30 min
Total Time 35 min.
Step 1
Heat 1 teaspoon oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add sausage and cook, turning often, until lightly browned, about 3 minutes. Transfer the sausage to a cutting board and slice into 1/2-inch pieces. (The sausage will not be thoroughly cooked, but it will continue cooking later.)
Step 2
Add the remaining 1 teaspoon oil to the pan and heat over medium heat. Add potatoes and cook, stirring occasionally, for 3 minutes. Add cabbage, sliced fennel, onion, garlic powder, fennel seed and pepper. Cook, stirring often, until the cabbage has wilted slightly, about 3 minutes more.
Step 3
Add broth, vinegar and mustard. Stir to incorporate the mustard; bring to a simmer. Place the sausage on top of the cabbage mixture; cover, reduce heat to medium-low and cook until the sausage is cooked through and the vegetables are tender, 7 to 10 minutes. Stir in chopped fennel fronds and serve.
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text: I like Hixon in his 3rd WR role, but he has never shined like what Barden just did last night, but in reality I would assume that these two will play the 3rd WR spot depending upon the matchup situation interchangeably. I'm sure Hixon will get his share of play time, but I would like Barden to play a lot more, and it's a nice complement to have 4 very capable WRs at Eli's disposal, plus the Black Unicorn. If Andre Brown keeps running like he has, Giants offense just may be unstoppable.


text:
How To: Get the Test Case associated with the unit test?
For running and managing unit tests using Microsoft Test Manager (MTM), the users have to do tcm testcase /import of the test assembly. This step creates a test case work item corresponding to unit test on the client side. With this, users can do many new scenarios – most importantly start viewing the history/trend of… Read more
- Tags: Test Management, Unit Testing


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[quote user="zimonami"]
[quote user="bandwgn86"]it was a close call for the judges imo but him*calling out*the Canadian Judge was a bit of a d-bag move.. and it is quite possible the Canuck skater took a dive. he feels Ohno (great name) pushing him and for fear of being passed he hit the dirt knowing a DQ is possible.. i don't think we roll like that [:P] but who knows right?[/quote]

Ohno had his hand on his hip.* If you look at the overhead view you can see that he never pushed/extended with his arm when the Canadian went down.* But, too bad, his hand was there, and I don't think the judge had any choice.... just one of those things that they have to accept in these kind of tight quarter races.

I think Ohno did feel that he got jobbed, because he knows he really didn't push, but I don't think he really meant to lay all the blame on the judge for a bad call... Ohno knows that its part of the sport.* He was smiling when he said the judge was Canadian and might have been biased.* He wasn't angry at it.***We all know, and Ohno knows, that he has been on the other side of those calls.*

Like the Canadian women hockey team getting flack, the press makes more about these things than the athletes do.
[/quote]just for that reason (ie he's been on the other side of the calls) he shoulda just kept it quiet.. well if anything this will give Colbert a reason to put us "iceholes" back on the "on notice" board..lol


text:
You speak in riddles but if you mean what I think you mean the answer is occasionally, more outfeild but never much enjoyed, roll on winter and something more physical.
You speak in riddles but if you mean what I think you mean the answer is occasionally, more outfeild but never much enjoyed, roll on winter and something more physical.
"Thinking Inside The Box"
I'm referring to hybridization regarding resistant vs non resistant stocks.Yes, although I'm not sure that entails hybridisation - well mated within subspecies works just as well as far as I know.
It's not so much the aggressiveness. It's the other characteristics that make them challenging to work. As I've said elsewhere, I think that AHB drones mate earlier in the season than domestic ones do. I would expect to see that in a scatter plot of early vs late queens.I think it can only tell that there may be a fraction of the thing you fear - AHB genetics - that part responsible for WV pattern. I think you'd expect a lot of that in open mated queens from within the Texas hybrid 'survivor population', and there is no rationale for supposing that aggressiveness might accompany it.
I'd measure that by comparing the before and after analyses. What stable ecotype in NYC? They're managed colonies that get replaced frequently.You would measure 'loss of hybridisation' by rising uniformity among workers? That may due to lower mating rates, or the presence of a stable survivor hybrid ecotype in NYC.
Buying any old package bees, and having them actually survive.What would qualify as a miracle?
How about I just order a new queen from BeeWeaver?You have to guard against undue aggressivness. So breed away when you see it.
They use a different method for determining AHB. But, it not the same as De Jong's method.Eh? Geometric Wing Veination is a morphometric. ...?
Africanized is, unfortunately, very real. Some of their traits do seem to be dominant. There are some folks who do hive feral swarms. If they fit the AHB morphotype, you can't keep them. Some southern beekeepers were told that there are AHB around, but Darger has shown that they're some else, and that the test used returned false positives.The problem here is that 'Africanised' is mumbo-jumbo. A scare-term. There's no such thing as an 'AHB.' There are hybrids with more or less African genetics, and that seems to roughly corrolate with aggressive behaviours. Fair do's. But finding a bit of African influence in a wing isn't a good reason to terminate the line.
My bees are store bought. They're chattel. Not a resource.Quite. So might you.
Oh I get it but possibly lost on the non English non NZ audience!
"Thinking Inside The Box"
Surely I think that would depend on who is doing the managing, where they got their bees, and how hard they work at keeping them pure. And who is doing the considering!
How does 'either' come ito it? When we're talking about mongrels we're talking about multiple genetic sources.
I'm not sure introgression is a usable idea outside of pure strains. In the feral and loosely managed populations there will be a spectrum of mash-up, with mongrels at one end.
Are your pure strain? Is that what enables you to read them (morphometrically)?
Mike (UK)
Last edited by mike bispham; 01-27-2014 at 03:27 AM.
The race isn't always to the swift, nor the fight to the strong, but that's the way to bet
[QUOTE=mike bispham;1050345][QUOTE=WLC;1049665]Managed Honeybees aren't considered a stable ecotype.Sorry about replying within your quotes, but it's a bother to do otherwise.
Surely I think that would depend on who is doing the managing, where they got their bees, and how hard they work at keeping them pure. And who is doing the considering!
If they're in a hive body, I would say no. If you're considering ferals found in the desert, forests, etc., it would apply. For example, Paul McCarthy has hived 'stable ecotypes' (ferals) from mountains in New Mexico.
Are you talking about linkage disequilibrium? If so what does that mean for us?
No, I'm referring to gene flow. For example, at one time, AHB genes were believed to be flowing into managed EHB stocks, one-way. Now we know that EHB genes have been flowing the other way as well including feral AHB colonies.
I'm not sure introgression is a usable idea outside of pure strains. In the feral and loosely managed populations there will be a spectrum of mash-up, with mongrels at one end.
It's an important issue, especially when dealing with AHB or resistance. It has to come from somewhere into managed colonies. So, if you open mate queens, you're hoping for an introgression of favorable alleles into your stock.
Now I really can't see what you are getting at .
You can get resistant colonies by hybridizing your non resistant stock with resistant ferals when open mating.
I've heard of a developing feral population, and wondered if it might have managed to find the sort of reproductive barrier we've been hearing about.
The Arnot forest 'survivors' are one example.
That's a big difference between us. Mine are in part the foundations of my future bees. I hope.
No, the big difference between us is that I can order bees from BeeWeaver. I think that since they're open mating in their location (Texas), it's a key to getting resistant colonies.
Mike (UK)
As for hybrids vs mongrels: I would call the BeeWeaver queens hybrid Italian/Buckfast. However, once they're open mated in Texas, you could consider the resulting workers to be 'mongrels'.
Last edited by WLC; 01-27-2014 at 03:59 AM.
[QUOTE=WLC;1050349][QUOTE=mike bispham;1050345]
Yes of course they've gone both ways. They've been mixing up, natural selection has been sorting out the best adapted combinations, and these are moving toward stable ecotypes where beekeepers can't screw up the process.
Again you are using this technical term in an inadequate way. Go back and see what I just said - 'introgression' refers to the 'fixing' of an outside gene set in a pure population as a result of repeated backcrossing (in one of the two parent races). As far as I can see - I may be wrong. You don't have that context. So you can't use that technical term.
Genes coding for resistance behaviours can be found in all populations. They are at a low level in the population unless circumstances have been such as to promote them - natural selection or beekeeper selection. Getting initial stocks with higher levels is great. Keeping them there by constant selective propagation is great. None of that amounts to 'introgression'.
'Introgression' of resistance genes, in the sense that they entirely replace alternative allelles would btw be a terribly thing. Your bees would be far too hygeinic.
Yes, ok - though simply 'mating' is probably a better description. And you can lose it again just as fast through mating with treated bees....
Mike (UK)
The race isn't always to the swift, nor the fight to the strong, but that's the way to bet
No Mike, Paul found stable ecotypes on the mountains of NM, then he put them in a hive.
No Mike, the fear was that AHB genes would swamp the genetic diversity of EHB colonies. Now we know that the flow has changed at the AHB front. In fact, in the South, it appears that AHB gene flow has been slowed down considerably by local feral/managed colonies to such an extent, that the flow may be going the other way.
Yes Mike, I can use the term introgression of alleles. Especially in the U.S. since AHB is an issue.
Varying degrees of Apis mellifera ligustica introgression in protected populations of the black honeybee, Apis mellifera mellifera, in northwest Europe
The Hygiene Queen, Marla Spivak and Gary S. Reuter
That does only specifically cover the 'hygeine' traits as Marla Spivak understood them at the time of writing. Its been a fast moving field and there might be cautions to add.
Modifying my statement: there may be further behaviours, or capacities that are helpful to internal mite management that are less common. But at least some are found in all populations, according to this paper.
Mike (UK)
Last edited by mike bispham; 01-28-2014 at 03:00 AM.
The race isn't always to the swift, nor the fight to the strong, but that's the way to bet
I'm, learning as I go along, but I think my grumble is still there. The paper you reference talks about introgression of genes into pure race populations - its a study of the different degrees of introgression from apiary bees into a number of Amm ecotypes. The identified problem is that genes from apiary bees have entirely replaced the proper Amm genes - to varying degrees.
So the stable, pure race population has been compromised by introgression. The original genes are lost - if the same introgression occured in all Amm populations the original genes - a part of Amm would be extinct.
That is the significance of introgression.
What WLC describes is simple mixing, the creation of hybrids. And as you both point out, its gone both ways - well actually every which way. And no gene-sets have been lost, no part of any population has been made extinct. In theory at least natural selection still has all the resources it ever had to locate the best possible strains from the admixtures.
Only a pure race or ecotype can be introgressed in a strict sense. What WLC describes is just hybridisation, mixture. I think if you read the abstract of the paper you instance very carefully you'll see the difference.
Its often difficult to speak clearly about aspects of highly complex systems. This is an example - see below - I'm not the only one thinking this term is problematic:
Mike (UK)
Introgression and Introduction
Online Biology Dictionary
"Introgression, a word often used in discussions of hybrid variation, has had various definitions. As originally defined by Anderson and Hubricht (1938: 396), it was the "infiltration of germ plasm from one species into another through repeated backcrossing of the hybrids to the parental species." This definition, however, is problematic because it involves the word species, which is not clearly defined. More recently, there has been an attempt to limit use of the term to situations involving permanent infiltration of genes from one population into another (Heiser 1973; Stebbins 1959). Thus, Rieseberg and Wendel (1993: 7) define it as the "permanent incorporation of alien alleles into a new, reproductively integrated population system," But here, too, a problem arises with the definition of the term "integrated population system." There is also the problem of saying what constitutes "infiltration." In the case of many crosses, the genetic influence of natural hybridization is very local and affects only individuals in the immediate vicinity of the contact zone. In the case of others, the effect may be detectable hundreds of kilometers away. How should one draw a line between these two cases? What is "infiltration" and what is not?
In fact, the main difficulty with "introgression" is that it is thought of as an introduction of genes from one entity (usually thought of as a "species") into another. Actually, natural hybridization between two populations treated as species generally has a genetic effect only on individuals in the vicinity of the contact zone. No genes are introduced into other individuals elsewhere. Over the remaining geographic ranges of the two interbreeding populations, all individuals remain pure and genetically unaffected. The same distinction exists with the breeder's term introduction, the transfer of a trait via hybridization from a donor stock to a target stock. Here, the trait is introduced into only a subset of the target stock.
Indeed, the whole idea of introducing genes into a "genetic background" is probably misleading. In many cases, what is called "introduction into a target stock" is really crossing individuals of the target stock with individuals of some other type to produce hybrid individuals with genetic complements of mixed parental origin. Esuperanzi (2005: 302) suggests that birds produced by repeated backcrossing to a single parent should be regarded as belonging to that parental type only when they contain less than 1/16 blood from the other parent. But this is clearly arbitrary. Why not 1/8 or 1/32?
Even when the intention is to transfer a single gene to the target stock other genes often are transferred at the same time. For example, Carver and Taliaferro (1992: 131) note that even when the primary purpose is to transfer disease resistance to a crop, other traits, such as yield, may also be increased. If backcrossing occurs to one parental type or the other, the relative contributions of the two parents to the genetic complements of the resulting hybrids will vary in accordance with the amount of backcrossing that occurs. But no matter how many backcrosses to the target stock occur, so long as the traits of the offspring are discernibly mixed, they are hybrids, distinct from the target stock type.
For the foregoing reasons, the terms introduction and introgression, though widely used in the literature on hybridization, are avoided on this website."
Last edited by mike bispham; 01-28-2014 at 03:33 AM.
The race isn't always to the swift, nor the fight to the strong, but that's the way to bet
More genetic diversity needed.........
Increasing Genetic Diversity of
Honey Bees--A Necessity, Says
Susan Cobey
Dept. of Entomology
University of California at Davis
DAVIS--Increasing the overall genetic diversity of honey bees will lead to healthier and hardier bees that can better fight off parasites, pathogens and pests, says bee breeder-geneticist Susan Cobey of the University of California, Davis and Washington State University.
Just as stock improvement has served the poultry, dairy and swine industries well, the beekeeping industry needs access "to stocks of origin or standardized evaluation and stock improvement programs," Cobey said.
Cobey is the lead author of the chapter "Status of Breeding Practices and Genetic Diversity in Domestic U.S. Honey Bees" of the newly published book, Honey Bee Colony Health: Challenges and Sustainable Solution.
"The many problems that currently face the U.S. honey bee population have underscored the need for sufficient genetic diversity at the colony, breeding, and population levels," wrote Cobey and colleagues Walter "Steve" Sheppard, professor and chair of the WSU Department of Entomology and David Tarpy of North Carolina State University, formerly a graduate student at UC Davis.
"Genetic diversity has been reduced by three distinct bottleneck events, namely the limited historical importation of a small subset sampling of a few honey bee subspecies, the selection pressure of parasites and pathogens (particularly parasitic mites) and the consolidated commercial queen-production practices that use a small number of queen mothers in the breeding population," Cobey pointed out.
The honey bee, Apis mellifera, originated in the Old World where it diverged into more than two dozen recognized subspecies, they related. However, only nine of the more than two dozen Old World subspecies ever made it to the United States and only two of these are recognizable today.
European colonists brought one subspecies, Apis mellifera mellifera or "The Dark Bee" of Northern Europe, to America in 1622, establishing it in the Jamestown colony. The bee was the only honey bee present in the United States for the next 239 years (1622 until 1861).
The Italian or golden honey bee, Apis mellifera ligustica, was introduced into the United States in 1859 and is now the most common honey bee in the United States. "Currently available U.S. honey bees are primarily derived from two European subspecies, A. m. carnica and A. m. ligustica," the bee scientists said.
The U.S. ban on the importation of bees in 1922 to ward off a tracheal mite (Acarapis woodi) further aggravated the genetic bottleneck. Today the No. 1 enemy of the beekeeping industry is the parasitic Varroa mite (Varroa destructor), which has played a major role in the crippling decline of the U.S. honey bee population.
Found in virtually all bee colonies in the United States, it feeds on bee blood, can transmit diseases, and generally weakens the bee immune system.
What's being done? "In the U.S. the recognized need to increase genetic diversity and strengthen selection programs of commercial breeding stocks has resulted in collaborative efforts among universities, government researchers, and the queen industry," according to Cobey, Sheppard and Tarpy. "The current challenges facing the beekeeping industry and new technologies being developed are pushing beekeeping into a new era."
To increase genetic diversity in the U.S. honey bee gene pool, Cobey and Sheppard are importing honey bee germplasm or semen of several subspecies of European honey bees and inseminating virgin queens of domestic breeding stock. They are also working on diagnostic programs to assist beekeepers to assess colony health and to evaluate commercial breeding stocks.
Cobey, who teaches queen-bee rearing classes and queen bee instrumental insemination at UC Davis and WSU, joined UC Davis in May 2007. Her research focuses on identifying, selecting and enhancing honey bee stocks that show increasing levels of resistance to pests and diseases. Cobey developed the New World Carniolan stock, a dark, winter hardy race of honey bees, in the early 1980s by back-crossing stocks collected from throughout the United States and Canada to create a more pure strain.
Sheppard , who leads the Apis Molecular Systematics Laboratory at WSU, studies population genetics and evolution of honey bees, insect introductions and mechanisms of genetic differentiation. His work was featured in a recent edition of the Washington State University Magazine.
Tarpy, now an associate professor and Extension apiculturist, at North Carolina State University, received his doctorate in entomology from UC Davis in 2000. He studied with Robert Page, emeritus professor of entomology at UC Davis who later became the vice provost and dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences and Foundation Professor of Life Sciences, Arizona State University.
http://www.exmoorbeesandbeehives.co.uk/ Buckfast UK.
I would agree that hygienic behavior is found in all populations of bees. It is a general trait useful in prevention of brood disease. There should be a strong caveat that the trait is present in some populations at a higher frequency than in others. Italians for example have a relatively high level of hygienic traits where A.M.M. bees tend to have very little.Modifying my statement: there may be further behaviours, or capacities that are helpful to internal mite management that are less common. But at least some are found in all populations, according to this paper.
I would strongly disagree that this means that Varroa Sensitive Hygiene is found in all populations. The available evidence so far is that bees expressing very high levels of VSH also test as very highly hygienic, but that hygienic bees do not necessarily express VSH. In other words, you are stating that because A = B, of necessity B = C. You have not first proven that A = C. Either provide some evidence your statement is valid or else back off of it until you can prove it.
After 13 years of exposure to varroa and the death of most feral and many managed colonies in the U.S., I found one single colony that expressed moderately high varroa tolerance. The best I can estimate, 99.9% of our feral bees died up to that point. The only bees that remain from the original population are highly selected for traits that allow them to live with varroa. Unfortunately, this means that most of these bees swarm with an intensity never seen by me before. Serial swarming during summer allows multiple brood breaks which tend to reduce varroa pressure. Any varroa tolerance that relies on brood breaks to keep bees alive is fragile at best and will lead to compromised traits such as honey production.
There are three known mechanisms of varroa tolerance that do not rely on brood breaks. They are mite mauling behavior, varroa sensitive hygiene, and reduced days to worker maturity. VSH traits were present in Primorski bees to a high level as a result of 100 years of mite pressure. Both VSH and mite mauling are now present in feral colonies in the U.S. as a result of unrelentingly high selection pressure from varroa mites plus moderate levels of VSH genetics escaping into ferals.
Look for bees that survive and thrive in the presence of mites without expressing high levels of swarming. Don't hesitate to do what I did by purchasing some queens from a breeder who developed mite tolerant bees. The combination of traits from his queens and from my single queen gave me a very useful and highly mite tolerant line of honeybees.
NW Alabama, 47 years, 22 colonies and growing, sideliner, treatment free since 2005, 14 frame square Dadant broodnest
"Hygienic bees detect, uncap, and remove diseased brood from the combs before the disease becomes infectious. Hygienic behavior also is one defense against Varroa mites (Peng et al., 1987), and although it is not the main mechanism of resistance to the mites (Harbo and Hoopingarner, 1997), it appears to limit their reproduction and population growth to some degree. Our studies have shown that it is possible to select for hygienic behavior without compromising honey production or gentleness (Spivak, 1996; Spivak and Reuter, in press). The trait can be found in approximately 10 percent of the managed colonies found in the United States, in any race or stock of bees." http://www.apiservices.com/articles/...iene_queen.htm
It seems likely that the specific intentions of the terms 'hygienic' and 'VSH' hadn't been separated out at the time this was written (the document is undated, but the latest reference is to a 1998 paper). The authors specify as follows:
"Although the common usage of the word hygienic denotes cleanliness, hygienic behavior is a specific response by the bees to diseased and parasitized brood. A colony that keeps its hive clean does not imply that it will be resistant to diseases. "
The authors go on to talk about the frozen brood assay for 'hygienic behaviour'. This test I agree doesn't specifically select for SMR/VSH.
Do you know of any studies that look at the specific issue of VSH across races and populations?
Its worth noting that only 1 or 2 patrilines need be SMR/VSH equipped in order for the colony to be resistant - and too many more would be damaging. It follows that not all i.e. Russions in a functional natural population are so equipped - just a sufficient proportion. The same must be true of US 'survivor' ferals.
Mike (UK)
Last edited by mike bispham; 01-29-2014 at 12:14 PM.
The race isn't always to the swift, nor the fight to the strong, but that's the way to bet
Good post DarJones (# 153). Appreciate you sharing your experiences and knowledge. If time allows I will be assaying for mite mauling of my surviving hives.
Mike, good to see less preaching and more thorough analysis in your posts of late. Good job.


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Extras, extras
The Land of Nod Guarantee
At The Land of Nod, nothing is more important to us than providing safe, high-quality products to you and your family. We believe that kids' products should be able to handle everything kids throw their way (literally and figuratively). That's why all of our products have an 18-year quality guarantee. And, hopefully, your kids will no longer be sleeping in bunk beds by then.
Knock, Knock.
Who's there?
Ken who?
Ken you let me in please?
Who's there?
Ken who?
Ken you let me in please?
Pencil Cup
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