text:
Complete Response of Liver Metastasis of Gastric Cancer Treated by S-1 Chemoradiotherapy: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Tomonori Miyazawa
Full Text Available This paper presents a case of suspected liver metastasis of gastric cancer and a virtual complete response to S-1 chemoradiotherapy. A 69-year-old man underwent distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer in 2008. Multiple liver metastases occurred in 2009. He underwent 15 courses of S-1 therapy and radiation therapy (37.5 Gy. Abdominal computed tomography showed virtual complete disappearance of liver metastasis after chemoradiotherapy. Hence, this case was interpreted as a complete response. No sign of recurrence was noted 18 months after complete response was confirmed. S-1 chemoradiotherapy is likely to be effective in treating patients with liver metastases of gastric cancer.
Complete response of liver metastasis of gastric cancer treated by s-1 chemoradiotherapy: a case report.
Miyazawa, Tomonori; Ebe, Kazuyu; Koide, Norihiko; Fujita, Nobuhiro
This paper presents a case of suspected liver metastasis of gastric cancer and a virtual complete response to S-1 chemoradiotherapy. A 69-year-old man underwent distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer in 2008. Multiple liver metastases occurred in 2009. He underwent 15 courses of S-1 therapy and radiation therapy (37.5 Gy). Abdominal computed tomography showed virtual complete disappearance of liver metastasis after chemoradiotherapy. Hence, this case was interpreted as a complete response. No sign of recurrence was noted 18 months after complete response was confirmed. S-1 chemoradiotherapy is likely to be effective in treating patients with liver metastases of gastric cancer.
Manganese Superoxide Dismtase Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Recurrence: A Danish Population-Based Case-Control Study of Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Cyclophosphamide Epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ording, Anne Gulbech; Cronin Fenton, Deirdre; Christensen, Mariann;
Manganese Superoxide Dismtase Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Recurrence: A Danish Population-Based Case-Control Study of Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Cyclophosphamide Epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil......Manganese Superoxide Dismtase Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Recurrence: A Danish Population-Based Case-Control Study of Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Cyclophosphamide Epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil...
Variation in case-mix between hospitals treating colorectal cancer patients in the Netherlands
Kolfschoten, N.E.; Marang van de Mheen, P.J.; Gooiker, G.A.; Eddes, E.H.; Kievit, J.; Tollenaar, R.A.E.M.; Wouters, M.W.; Bemelman, W.A.; Busch, O.R.; Dam, R.M. van; Harst, E. van der; Jansen-Landheer, M.L.E.A; Karsten, T.M.; Krieken, J.H.J.M. van; Kuijpers, W.G.T.; Lemmens, V.E.; Manusama, E.R.; Meijerink, W.J.H.J.; Rutten, H.J.; Wiggers, T.; Velde, C.J. van de
AIMS: The purpose of this study was to determine how expected mortality based on case-mix varies between colorectal cancer patients treated in non-teaching, teaching and university hospitals, or high, intermediate and low-volume hospitals in the Netherlands. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used the databas
Preoperative Biliary Drainage in Cases of Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Surgery
Tsuboi, Tomofumi; Sasaki, Tamito; Serikawa, Masahiro; Ishii, Yasutaka; Mouri, Teruo; Shimizu, Akinori; Kurihara, Keisuke; Tatsukawa, Yumiko; Miyaki, Eisuke; Kawamura, Ryota; Tsushima, Ken; Murakami, Yoshiaki; Uemura, Kenichiro; Chayama, Kazuaki
Objective. To elucidate the optimum preoperative biliary drainage method for patients with pancreatic cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Material and Methods. From January 2010 through December 2014, 20 patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer underwent preoperative biliary drainage and NAC with a plastic or metallic stent and received NAC at Hiroshima University Hospital. We retrospectively analyzed delayed NAC and complication rates due to biliary drainage, effect of stent type on perioperative factors, and hospitalization costs from diagnosis to surgery. Results. There were 11 cases of preoperative biliary drainage with plastic stents and nine metallic stents. The median age was 64.5 years; delayed NAC occurred in 9 cases with plastic stent and 1 case with metallic stent (p = 0.01). The complication rates due to biliary drainage were 0% (0/9) with metallic stents and 72.7% (8/11) with plastic stents (p = 0.01). Cumulative rates of complications determined with the Kaplan-Meier method on day 90 were 60% with plastic stents and 0% with metallic stents (log-rank test, p = 0.012). There were no significant differences between group in perioperative factors or hospitalization costs from diagnosis to surgery. Conclusions. Metallic stent implantation may be effective for preoperative biliary drainage for pancreatic cancer treated with NAC. PMID:26880897
Preoperative Biliary Drainage in Cases of Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Surgery
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Tomofumi Tsuboi
Full Text Available Objective. To elucidate the optimum preoperative biliary drainage method for patients with pancreatic cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC. Material and Methods. From January 2010 through December 2014, 20 patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer underwent preoperative biliary drainage and NAC with a plastic or metallic stent and received NAC at Hiroshima University Hospital. We retrospectively analyzed delayed NAC and complication rates due to biliary drainage, effect of stent type on perioperative factors, and hospitalization costs from diagnosis to surgery. Results. There were 11 cases of preoperative biliary drainage with plastic stents and nine metallic stents. The median age was 64.5 years; delayed NAC occurred in 9 cases with plastic stent and 1 case with metallic stent (p=0.01. The complication rates due to biliary drainage were 0% (0/9 with metallic stents and 72.7% (8/11 with plastic stents (p=0.01. Cumulative rates of complications determined with the Kaplan-Meier method on day 90 were 60% with plastic stents and 0% with metallic stents (log-rank test, p=0.012. There were no significant differences between group in perioperative factors or hospitalization costs from diagnosis to surgery. Conclusions. Metallic stent implantation may be effective for preoperative biliary drainage for pancreatic cancer treated with NAC.
A case of metastatic bladder cancer in both lungs treated with korean medicine therapy alone.
Lee, Dong-Hyun; Kim, Sung-Su; Seong, Shin; Woo, Chang-Ryoul; Han, Jae-Bok
This case report is aimed to investigate the effects of Korean medicine therapy (KMT) including oral herbal medicine and herb nebulizer therapy in treating metastatic bladder cancer in the lungs. A 74-year-old man was diagnosed with metastatic bladder cancer in both lungs in August 2013. He refused any chemotherapy and was admitted to our hospital in a much progressed state on January 11, 2014. Since then, he was treated with KMT until May 17, 2014. The main oral herbal medicines were Hyunamdan made of heat-processed ginseng, Hangamdan S made of Cordyceps militaris, Panax ginseng radix, Commiphora myrrha, calculus bovis, margarita, Boswellia carteri, Panax notoginseng radix and Cremastra appendiculata tuber, and nebulizer therapy with Soram nebulizer solution made of wild ginseng and Cordyceps sinensis distillate. Their effect was evaluated considering the change of the main symptoms and using serial chest X-ray. The size and number of multiple metastatic nodules in both lungs were markedly decreased and the symptoms had disappeared. These results suggest that KMT can be an effective method to treat metastatic bladder cancer in the lungs.
A Case of Metastatic Bladder Cancer in Both Lungs Treated with Korean Medicine Therapy Alone
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Dong-Hyun Lee
Full Text Available This case report is aimed to investigate the effects of Korean medicine therapy (KMT including oral herbal medicine and herb nebulizer therapy in treating metastatic bladder cancer in the lungs. A 74-year-old man was diagnosed with metastatic bladder cancer in both lungs in August 2013. He refused any chemotherapy and was admitted to our hospital in a much progressed state on January 11, 2014. Since then, he was treated with KMT until May 17, 2014. The main oral herbal medicines were Hyunamdan made of heat-processed ginseng, Hangamdan S made of Cordyceps militaris, Panax ginseng radix, Commiphora myrrha, calculus bovis, margarita, Boswellia carteri, Panax notoginseng radix and Cremastra appendiculata tuber, and nebulizer therapy with Soram nebulizer solution made of wild ginseng and Cordyceps sinensis distillate. Their effect was evaluated considering the change of the main symptoms and using serial chest X-ray. The size and number of multiple metastatic nodules in both lungs were markedly decreased and the symptoms had disappeared. These results suggest that KMT can be an effective method to treat metastatic bladder cancer in the lungs.
17 cases of advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with paclitaxel liposome plus nedaplatin
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Tao Suo; Wei Ge; Jinzhong Zhang; Yongfa Zheng; Shunxiang Luo
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the recent efficacy and adverse reactions of paclitaxel liposome plus nedaplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: Seventeen cases of NSCLC treated with paclitaxel liposome and nedaplatin for 2 to 6 cycles, by infusing paclitaxel liposome 135 mg/m2 for 3 h on d1 and nedaplatin 80 mg/m2 as infusion on d2.Results: Among 17 patients being evaluated for response to treatment, 1 achieved complete response (CR), 4 achieved partial response (PR), 3 achieved stable disease (SD), 9 achieved progress disease (PD).The main adverse reaction was haematological toxicities, especially leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.The non-haematological toxicities included nausea, vomiting, mild hepatic dysfunction, alopecia and so on.Conclusion: Paclitaxel liposome plus nedaplatin was effective and well tolerated for treating patients with advanced NSCLC.
In-phantom neutron dose distribution for bladder cancer cases treated with high-energy photons
Khaled, N. E.; Attalla, E. M.; Ammar, H.; Khalil, W.
This work presents an estimation of the neutron dose distribution for common bladder cancer cases treated with high-energy photons of 15 MV therapy accelerators. Neutron doses were measured in an Alderson phantom, using TLD 700 and 600 thermoluminescence dosimeters, resembling bladder cancer cases treated with high-energy photons from 15 MV LINAC and having a treatment plan using the four-field pelvic box technique. Thermal neutron dose distribution in the target area and the surrounding tissue was estimated. The sensitivity of all detectors for both gamma and neutrons was estimated and used for correction of the TL reading. TLD detectors were irradiated with a Co60 gamma standard source and thermal neutrons at the irradiation facility of the National Institute for Standards (NIS). The TL to dose conversion factor was estimated in terms of both Co60 neutron equivalent dose and thermal neutron dose. The dose distribution of photo-neutrons throughout each target was estimated and presented in three-dimensional charts and isodose curves. The distribution was found to be non-isotropic through the target. It varied from a minimum of 0.23 mSv/h to a maximum of 2.07 mSv/h at 6 cm off-axis. The mean neutron dose equivalent was found to be 0.63 mSv/h, which agrees with other published literature. The estimated average neutron equivalent to the bladder per administered therapeutic dose was found to be 0.39 mSv Gy-1, which is also in good agreement with published literature. As a consequence of a complete therapeutic treatment of 50 Gy high-energy photons at 15 MV, the total thermal neutron equivalent dose to the abdomen was found to be about 0.012 Sv.
Radiotherapy in the cavum cancer: analysis of 30 cases treated in our institution in Beirut
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
The authors describe the results obtained for nasopharyngeal cancers treated by irradiation, exclusively or in combination with chemotherapy. They also assess the impact of the different pathological and clinic variables on survival without relapse. The study is based on a sample of 30 patients treated between 1999 and 2009. Local control, metastatic dissemination, and toxicity are analysed and discussed. A ganglionary extension seems to be the worst prognostic factor. Short communication
A Case of Orbital Metastasis as Disease Progression of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Lung Cancer Treated with Crizotinib
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Yoshihiko Sakata
Full Text Available Orbital metastasis of lung cancer is rare. It often causes visual disorder. To date, there are only a few case reports. Crizotinib is an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor that leads to responses in most patients with ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer. Visual disorder is one of the popular adverse events of crizotinib, but the symptom almost decreases over time. We report a case of orbital metastasis as the disease progression of ALK-positive lung cancer treated with crizotinib. It should be kept in mind that orbital metastasis can be the disease progression of lung adenocarcinoma with ALK translocation treated with crizotinib. When physicians encounter a patient receiving crizotinib with visual disorder, we must distinguish between adverse events and orbital metastasis.
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Recurrence: A Danish Population-Based Case-Control Study of Breast Cencer Patients Treated with Cyclophosphamide Epirubicin and 5-Fluororacil
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ording, Anne Gulbech; Cronin Fenton, Deirdre; Christensen, Mariann;
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Recurrence: A Danish Population-Based Case-Control Study of Breast Cencer Patients Treated with Cyclophosphamide Epirubicin and 5-Fluororacil......Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Recurrence: A Danish Population-Based Case-Control Study of Breast Cencer Patients Treated with Cyclophosphamide Epirubicin and 5-Fluororacil...
Inflammatory breast cancer in a previously treated case of breast cancer: a diagnostic dilemma for the clinician.
Ravind, Rahul; Kumar, Priyadarshini Venkatram; Prabaharan, Sasikala
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a relatively rare and aggressive subtype, accounting for nearly 2.5% of all diagnosed breast cancers worldwide. It is usually characterised by an acute onset, rapid clinical progression, poor prognosis and micrometastasis at the time of presentation. Prompt recognition of clinical symptoms and identification of warning signs are vital in diagnosing and appropriately treating a patient with IBC. PMID:27060073
Case Report of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma of Uterine Cervix Treated at a Semiurban Cancer Centre in North India
Sridhar, Epari
Lymphoma of the uterine cervix is very rare. We report a case of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) involving the uterine cervix treated at a newly commissioned semiurban cancer centre in north India in 2015. Data for this study was obtained from the hospital electronic medical records and the patient's case file. We also reviewed published case reports of uterine and cervical lymphoma involving forty-one patients. We treated a case of stage IV DLBCL cervix with six cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) and intrathecal methotrexate followed by consolidation with radiotherapy. The patient showed complete response to chemotherapy. We conclude that, in advanced stage lymphoma involving uterus and cervix, combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is effective in short term. PMID:27597906
Case Report of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma of Uterine Cervix Treated at a Semiurban Cancer Centre in North India
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Vibhor Sharma
Full Text Available Lymphoma of the uterine cervix is very rare. We report a case of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL involving the uterine cervix treated at a newly commissioned semiurban cancer centre in north India in 2015. Data for this study was obtained from the hospital electronic medical records and the patient's case file. We also reviewed published case reports of uterine and cervical lymphoma involving forty-one patients. We treated a case of stage IV DLBCL cervix with six cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone and intrathecal methotrexate followed by consolidation with radiotherapy. The patient showed complete response to chemotherapy. We conclude that, in advanced stage lymphoma involving uterus and cervix, combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is effective in short term.
Adenosquamous cell lung cancer successfully treated with gefitinib: A case report.
Kurishima, Koichi; Ohara, Gen; Kagohashi, Katsunori; Watanabe, Hiroko; Takayashiki, Norio; Ishibashi, Atsushi; Satoh, Hiroaki
Although adenosquamous cell lung cancer (ASCLC) is included in the non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), the number of currently available studies on the response of this type of cancer to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) is limited. This is the case report of a 66-year-old female who was referred to the Mito Medical Center (Mito, Japan) with hemoptysis and the chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large cavitary mass in the lower lobe of the left lung. The patient underwent surgical resection of the lesion and the final pathological diagnosis was ASCLC staged as pT2bN2M0. Notably, an EGFR exon 19 deletion was identified in the adenocarcinomatous as well as the squamous cell carcinomatous components of the tumor. Despite adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient developed small cavitary metastases in the lungs bilaterally. Therefore, treatment with gefitinib was initiated. The chest CT scan revealed substantial regression of the metastatic cavitary tumors in both lungs, with thinning of the walls. The patient remains alive and recurrence-free 19 months following the initiation of gefitinib therapy. This case demonstrated an optimal clinical response to gefitinib treatment for EGFR mutation-positive ASCLC, suggesting that gefitinib is a therapeutic option for such a subset of patients with ASCLC. PMID:24649347
Dying after cure: A case of suicide in an adolescent treated for cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Laura Veneroni
Full Text Available Although suicide among childhood cancer survivors is rare, there is still a significantly higher risk in this population than in healthy adolescents. A 17-year-old girl cured of Burkitt lymphoma committed suicide after completing her treatment. She had never previously shown signs of psychological suffering and was in good general health. This case made the operators wonder how this tragic possibility might be prevented. It is essential for the ongoing monitoring of the psychological and social suffering of young people during follow-up programs to be assured by a multidisciplinary team involved in the patient′s global care.
A Case Report of Sanguis Draconis for Treating a Patient With Refractory Wound Dehiscence After Breast Cancer Chemotherapy.
Zhang, Guizhen; Hua, Yafang; Jin, Xueqin; Yan, Chunmei
Breast cancer is one of the most common female malignant tumors. According to data statistics, the incidence of breast cancer was 7% to 10% for a variety of malignant tumors, being only lower than that of uterine cancer. The methods of treating breast cancer are given priority over operative treatment and combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, exosmosis of chemotherapeutic drugs is a common complication of chemotherapy. Exosmosis of drugs can stimulate local organs to induce acute inflammatory reaction and necrosis, which finally lead to wound infection and difficulty in healing. In December 2013, a patient with full-thickness wound (an area of 5 × 3 cm) dehiscence at the completion of the second phase of chemotherapy for left breast cancer after radical operation was admitted to our department. Her wound had healed after radical operation. The patient followed an integrative therapy treatment protocol that consisted of an external application of a phytomedicine called Sanguis Draconis and combined with a series of conventional treatments, including 3M Transparent Dressing moist therapy, increase in nutrition, and prevention therapies for infection. The patient's integrative treatment program resulted in complete wound healing, and the successful completion of the late 6 courses of chemotherapy. The article describes the nursing experiences associated with this case study.
[A Case of Colon Cancer with Multiple Liver Metastases Successfully Treated with Capecitabine/Oxaliplatin plus Bevacizumab].
Suematsu, Yuki; Ishibashi, Yuji; Hiratsuka, Miyuki; Suda, Hiroshi; Takahashi, Miyuki; Saito, Hiroyuki; Omori, Keita; Morita, Akihiko; Wakabayashi, Kazuhiko; Ito, Yutaka
A 69-year-old woman was diagnosed with descending colon cancer with multiple liver metastases, and a left hemicolectomy was performed. The patient was treated with capecitabine/oxaliplatin (CapeOX) plus bevacizumab (Bmab). After 5 courses of chemotherapy, the number and size of liver metastases remarkably reduced, and after the 12th course, because of peripheral neuropathy, a "stop-and-go"fashion of administering oxaliplatin (L-OHP) was initiated. After 14 courses, the liver metastases had disappeared. After the 33rd course of L-OHP treatment, the patient started receiving capecitabine therapy. The patient is recurrence-free 3 years after surgery, 14 months after achieving a complete response (CR). We report a case of long-term CR after surgery for descending colon cancer with multiple liver metastases, followed by a "stop-and-go" method of administering L-OHP or CapeOX plus Bmab therapy. PMID:26805277
A Case of Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Korean Medicine Therapy Alone
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Dong-hyun Lee
Full Text Available This report presents a case that shows a significant anticancer effect of Korean medicine therapy (KMT. A 79-year-old man, who was diagnosed as stage Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC in December 2012, was treated with KMT including intravenous pharmacopunctures and oral herbal medicine from February 22, 2013, until September 2013 without any surgical intervention, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The intravenous pharmacopunctures were the wild ginseng pharmacopuncture, Cordyceps sinensis pharmacopuncture and Trichosanthes kirilowii pharmacopuncture. The oral herbal medicine used was soramdan, made of cultivated wild ginseng. The effectiveness of this therapy was evaluated with computed tomography and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG performance scale. The size of the tumor mass was markedly decreased and the ECOG performance scale was also improved. These results suggest that KMT alone can be an effective method to treat NSCLC.
Charlson Comorbidity Index predicts patient outcome, in cases of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer treated with radiofrequency ablation
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Simon, Tracey G.; Beland, Michael D. [Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital/The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903 (United States); Machan, Jason T. [Department of Research Administration/Biostatistics, Rhode Island Hospital/The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903 (United States); DiPetrillo, Thomas [Department of Radiation Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital/The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903 (United States); Dupuy, Damian E., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital/The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903 (United States)
Purpose: The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) has been shown to be a significant prognostic indicator in the treatment of many types of cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the degree to which the CCI predicts survival in patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Materials and methods: Eighty-two (34 men, 48 women) consecutive RFA treatments for medically inoperable NSCLC were performed at our institution from 1/1/2000 to 1/30/2009. With institutional IRB approval and in full HIPAA compliance, the medical records of these patients were examined for data relating to pre-treatment comorbid conditions, and a retrospective analysis was conducted. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Risk factors for mortality were determined by single-factor comparisons of curves using Wilcoxon-weighted chi-square and multiple Cox regressions. Results: The patients ranged in age from 59 to 91 years (mean: 75.5). Eighty-eight percent (72 patients) were tumor stage IA or IB. Patients were followed for a total of five years; three-year overall survival was 50.6%. Hospital mortality was 0%. Gender, stage, histology and CCI score were each associated with significantly impaired survival (p < 0.001 in all cases). After covarying for age, tumor stage > IB, squamous histology and gender, multiple Cox regressions showed that an increasing CCI score was significantly associated with an increased risk of death (HR 1.3, 95% CI 25.5, 58.2). Conclusions: The CCI is validated as an important, independent predictor of patient survival, in cases of inoperable NSCLC treated with RFA.
A case report of monitoring PSA level changes in two prostate cancer patients treated with Mountain Ginseng Pharmacopuncture and Sweet Bee Venom along with western anticancer therapy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Yeonhee Lee
Full Text Available Objectives: The purpose of this report is to find out how Mountain Ginseng Pharmacopuncture(MGP and Sweet Bee Venom(SBV treatments are effective on prostate cancer patients by monitoring Prostate specific antigen(PSA values. Methods: We treated two prostate cancer patients with MGP and SBV from October 2008 to April 2011. One patient had localized prostate cancer, the other was in the terminal stage of prostate cancer with lung and bone metastasis and both had been receiving western anticancer therapy. We had monitored the changes of PSA value. Results: In case 1, MGP and SBV treatments seemed to be helpful in preventing the recurrence of localized prostate cancer. In case 2, PSA value was decreased by MGP treatment. Conclusions: It is conceivable that MGP and SBV are effective treatments for patients with prostate cancer.
[A case of recurrent gastric cancer with obstructive jaundice successfully treated by docetaxel].
Shimizu, Fumiaki; Nakatsuji, Yoshiyuki; Arai, Takuma; Suzuki, Akira; Gomyou, Yoshihito; Tsuchiya, Takuji; Fujimori, Kazuya; Shigeno, Takashi; Okamoto, Kouhei
Recently, treatment by taxane regimen for advanced gastric cancer as second-line chemotherapy has been increasingly reported. A 58-year-old man underwent distal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer on November 25, 2002. There was permeation through the duodenum side, and a Billroth II operation was done for repair. Although a relapse was not clear from the picture image, due to the tumor marker increase since July 2004, chemotherapy using TS-1 100 mg/day was given. On February 2005, liver dysfunction and obstructive jaundice appeared, and the patient was diagnosed with a recurrence in the hilar lymph node of the liver through PET and CT. Because of the Billroth II operation for repair, ERBD was impossible, and we performed PTCD to decrease jaundice. Treatment by docetaxel 60 mg/m(2) every three weeks was given since March 15. After two courses of chemotherapy with docetaxel, the insertion of the guide wire was possible from the part of PTCD. Implantation of the stent became possible after four courses. PTCD could be removed, and the patient QOL has effectively improved. Outpatient treatment became possible for him in January 2006. PMID:17220680
[A case of advanced esophageal cancer with direct bronchial invasion successfully treated by multidisciplinary therapy].
Haba, Yusuke; Okamoto, Koichi; Watanabe, Toshifumi; Tsukada, Tomoya; Kinoshita, Jun; Makino, Isamu; Nakamura, Keishi; Oyama, Katsunobu; Ninomiya, Itasu; Fushida, Sachio; Fujimura, Takashi; Ohta, Tetsuo
A 66-year-old man with advanced esophageal cancer (staging Mt, 6.0 cm, cT3N0M0, cStage II) was administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC: 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin). As the tumor continued to grow after one course of NAC, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) was used to perform an esophagectomy along with 3-field lymph node dissection and retrosternal route reconstruction using a gastric tube. The second course of NAC was not administered. Intraoperative findings showed the direct invasion of the primary esophageal cancer into the membranous portion of the left bronchus. The maximum possible tumor tissue was resected and removed. The tumor tissue was exposed extensively to the surface of the esophageal adventitia and a residual tumor at the surface of the left bronchus was suspected. It was diagnosed as CT-pT4 (left bronchus), N0, M0, CT-pStage III. Subsequently, we administered chemoradiotherapy consisting of weekly low-dose docetaxel with radiation for the residual tumor (60 Gy/30 Fr). The patient is still alive 40 months after surgery without any signs of recurrence.
[A case of advanced esophageal cancer with direct bronchial invasion successfully treated by multidisciplinary therapy].
Haba, Yusuke; Okamoto, Koichi; Watanabe, Toshifumi; Tsukada, Tomoya; Kinoshita, Jun; Makino, Isamu; Nakamura, Keishi; Oyama, Katsunobu; Ninomiya, Itasu; Fushida, Sachio; Fujimura, Takashi; Ohta, Tetsuo
A 66-year-old man with advanced esophageal cancer (staging Mt, 6.0 cm, cT3N0M0, cStage II) was administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC: 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin). As the tumor continued to grow after one course of NAC, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) was used to perform an esophagectomy along with 3-field lymph node dissection and retrosternal route reconstruction using a gastric tube. The second course of NAC was not administered. Intraoperative findings showed the direct invasion of the primary esophageal cancer into the membranous portion of the left bronchus. The maximum possible tumor tissue was resected and removed. The tumor tissue was exposed extensively to the surface of the esophageal adventitia and a residual tumor at the surface of the left bronchus was suspected. It was diagnosed as CT-pT4 (left bronchus), N0, M0, CT-pStage III. Subsequently, we administered chemoradiotherapy consisting of weekly low-dose docetaxel with radiation for the residual tumor (60 Gy/30 Fr). The patient is still alive 40 months after surgery without any signs of recurrence. PMID:25731408
Prostate Cancer Research Trial Helps John Spencer Treat His Cancer
... this page please turn Javascript on. Feature: Prostate Cancer Prostate Cancer Research Trial Helps John Spencer Treat His ... Read More "Prostate Cancer" Articles Progress Against Prostate Cancer / Prostate Cancer Research Trial Helps John Spencer Treat His ...
[A case of meningeal carcinomatosis due to gastric cancer treated with intrathecal chemotherapy].
Kobayashi, Yuka; Sugitani, Soichi; Oseki, Koshi; Iiri, Takao
A 71-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in September 2009 because of severe headache due to meningeal carcinomatosis. In July 2007, subtotal gastrectomy was carried out for gastric cancer. Because intraabdominal cytodiagnosis was positive, he received systemic chemotherapy for 2 years. Recurrent signs were not found on chest or abdominal CT just before hospitalization. He was given NSAIDs and corticosteroid, but his symptom did not improve. Subsequent intrathecal chemotherapy with MTX and Ara-C improved clinical symptoms dramatically. He received care at home for 3 months before he passed away due to pleural and peritoneal recurrence. Recently, since the frequency of meningeal carcinomatosis is increasing, combination treatment of intrathecal chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy should be considered not only for improvement of clinical manifestations, but also for prognostic improvement.
Positive margins and intraductal cancer does not impact local control in treating early stage breast cancer conservatively: a study of 902 cases
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Purpose: We have retrospectively reviewed our community setting cancer center's 14 year experience treating early stage breast cancer (T1, T2, N0, N1) with lumpectomy and post operative (post-op) irradiation (XRT) to determine if the presence of microscopically positive margins and/or intraductal cancer has an impact on local control. Materials and Methods: Between January 1, 1981 and December 31, 1994, 902 consecutive early stage breast cancers were treated with lumpectomy and post-op XRT, totaling 4500 cGy to the whole breast with a 1500 cGy boost to the tumor bed, for a total dose to the tumor bed of 6000 cGy. The presence or absence of microscopically positive margins, pure intraductal tumor and/or minimal (min) or extensive (ext) intraductal component (IDC) associated with an invasive tumor was determined if recorded on the pathology report. If not specifically recorded, the slides were reviewed by our pathologist (one of the authors) and a determination was made. Due to the absence of inking of the specimen and or sending the specimen in pieces, 30 of the tumors were listed as indeterminate. We defined min IDC as less than 25% of the invasive tumor containing intraductal cancer, and ext IDC as greater than 25%. Our average follow up was 5 years (yrs) with a range from 3 months to 15 yrs. Results: Stratification of our cases showed 614 (68%) breasts had T1, 208 (23%) T2, and 80 (9%) pure intraductal tumors. Analysis of the invasive tumors revealed 216 (29%) tumors with min IDC, and 72 (8%) with ext IDC. We identified 251 (28%) with microscopically positive margins that were equally dispersed between the T1, T2 and pure intraductal and invasive tumors with min and ext IDC. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate local control in breasts with tumor having microscopically positive margins which was 95% and 85% at 5 and 10 yrs and for microscopically negative margins 96% and 89% at 5 and 10 yrs. Similar method was used to calculate local control in breasts
Successful Chemotherapy with Nab-Paclitaxel in a Heavily Treated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patient: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mikiko Ishihara
Full Text Available Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC accounts for the majority of all lung cancers. A 69-year-old female with postoperatively recurrent NSCLC was treated weekly with nanoparticle-albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel monotherapy every 4 weeks as a tenth line chemotherapy, and stable disease was achieved by seven cycles of this regimen. The patient developed grade 4 neutropenia and grade 3 leukopenia, but none of the other toxicities, including febrile neutropenia and peripheral neuropathy, were severe, and thus she was able to tolerate this salvage chemotherapy. To our knowledge this is the first report of the efficacy of nab-paclitaxel monotherapy in a heavily treated NSCLC patient.
Clinical study of 312 cases with matastatic differentiated thyroid cancer treated with large doses of 131 I
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
ZHU Rui-sen; YU Yong-li; LU Han-kui; LUO Quan-yong; CHEN Li-bo
@@ Patients with metastatic thyroid cancer (MTC) was routinely treated with a small dose of 131I before 1989. After that we have been switched to multiple courses of large dose 131I therapy. In this paper, the therapeutic result and its effect, in particular on bone marrow depression, pulmonary, parathyroid and salivary gland function as well as chromosome aberration1-3 were observed and reported.
Therapeutic Evaluation on Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Treated by Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine—Clinical Analysis of 56 Cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
LIULu-ming; WULiang-cun; 等
Objective:In comparison with chemotherapy,to evaluate therapeutic effects on advanced pancreatic cancer treated by integrative Chinese and western medicine(ICWM) therapies.Methods:Based on the retrospective study of 56 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer,life table was applied to the anal-ysis of patients' survival rate and X2 test to the comparison of therapeutic response between ICWM and chemotherapy groups.Results:The results showed that 1-year survival rate 25.96%±24.64%; 5-year 37%±3.24%;2-year survival rate 34.61%±16.31%;3-year survival rate 25.96%±24.64%;5-year survival rate 25.96%±24.64%; and median survival period 16.3 months.However 1-year survival rate in the chemotherapy group was 21.95%±27.54%;2-year survival rate 7.31%±27.54%;3-year survival rate 0%; and median survival period 7.5months.The therapeutic effects between two groups were signifi-cantly different(P=0.004).Further analysis suggested that the reduction of cancer mass in the ICWM group was more than that in chemotherapy group(P=0.049) and the improvement of advanced pancreatic cancer related-symptoms better than that of chemotherapy group(P=0.002).Conclusion:The ICWM comprehensive therapy is of important value in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.
Therapeutic Evaluation on Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Treated by Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Clinical Analysis of 56 Cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
刘鲁明; 吴良村; 林胜友; 杨维鸿; 郭勇; 徐颖扉; 舒琦瑾
Objective: In comparison with chemotherapy, to evaluate therapeutic effcts on advanced pancreatic cancer treated by integrative Chinese and western medicine (ICWM) therapies. Methods: Based on the retrospective study of 56 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer,life table was applied to the analysis of patients' survival rate and χ2 test to the comparison of therapeutic response between ICWM and chemotherapy groups. Results: The results showed that 1-year survival rate in the ICWM group was 55.37%±3.24%; 2-year survival rate 34.61%±16.31%; 3-year survival rate 25.96%±24.64%; 5-year survival rate 25.96%±24.64%; and median survival period 16.3 months. However 1-year survival rate in the chemotherapy group was 21.95%±27.54%; 2-year survival rate 7.31%±27.54%; 3-year survival rate 0%; and median survival period 7.5 months. The therapeutic effects between two groups were significantly different (P=0.004). Further analysis suggested that the reduction of cancer mass in the ICWM group was more than that in chemotherapy group (P=0.049) and the improvement of advanced pancreatic cancer related-symptoms better than that of chemotherapy group (P=0.002). Conclusion: The ICWM comprehensive therapy is of important value in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.
Complete Response of Isolated Para-aortic Lymph Node Recurrence from Rectosigmoid Cancer Treated by Chemoradiation Therapy with Capecitabine/Oxaliplatin plus Bevacizumab: A Case Report.
Miyazawa, Tomonori; Ebe, Kazuyu; Koide, Norihiko; Fujita, Nobuhiro
Para-aortic lymph node recurrence is a rare type of metastasis from colorectal cancer, and no treatment has yet been established. Here, we report on a case of isolated para-aortic lymph node metastasis from rectosigmoid cancer that showed complete response to chemoradiation therapy with capecitabine/oxaliplatin plus bevacizumab. A 58-year-old woman underwent high anterior resection for rectosigmoid cancer in 2009. Para-aortic lymph node recurrence occurred in 2011. She underwent radiation therapy (50 Gy) and 8 courses of capecitabine/oxaliplatin plus bevacizumab. Abdominal computed tomography and positron emission tomography with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose did not reveal any para-aortic lymph node recurrence after chemoradiation therapy. Hence, this case was interpreted as a complete response. No recurrence was noted 6 months after the complete response. Chemoradiation therapy with capecitabine/oxaliplatin plus bevacizumab is likely to be effective in treating patients with para-aortic lymph node recurrence.
Complete Response of Isolated Para-aortic Lymph Node Recurrence from Rectosigmoid Cancer Treated by Chemoradiation Therapy with Capecitabine/Oxaliplatin plus Bevacizumab: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Tomonori Miyazawa
Full Text Available Para-aortic lymph node recurrence is a rare type of metastasis from colorectal cancer, and no treatment has yet been established. Here, we report on a case of isolated para-aortic lymph node metastasis from rectosigmoid cancer that showed complete response to chemoradiation therapy with capecitabine/oxaliplatin plus bevacizumab. A 58-year-old woman underwent high anterior resection for rectosigmoid cancer in 2009. Para-aortic lymph node recurrence occurred in 2011. She underwent radiation therapy (50 Gy and 8 courses of capecitabine/oxaliplatin plus bevacizumab. Abdominal computed tomography and positron emission tomography with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose did not reveal any para-aortic lymph node recurrence after chemoradiation therapy. Hence, this case was interpreted as a complete response. No recurrence was noted 6 months after the complete response. Chemoradiation therapy with capecitabine/oxaliplatin plus bevacizumab is likely to be effective in treating patients with para-aortic lymph node recurrence.
Prolonged survival of a woman with lung cancer diagnosed and treated with chemotherapy during pregnancy. Review of cases reported.
Garrido, M; Clavero, J; Huete, A; Sánchez, C; Solar, A; Alvarez, M; Orellana, E
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in women in the US, diagnosis during pregnancy is rare and has been reported 34 times. We report a case of a 34-year-old woman with stage III locally advanced lung cancer diagnosed during the 27th week of pregnancy. Chest X-ray and thorax MRI revealed a 9cmx7cm mass in the upper right lung lobe. CT guided FNA biopsy indicated adenocarcinoma. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered with vinorelvine (Navelbine) and cisplatin for three cycles with partial response. At 39 weeks, she delivered a healthy baby. Right upper lobectomy with complete lymphadenectomy was performed 3 weeks later. Final pathology was reported as an adenocarcinoma of 7.5cmx6.2cm with involvement of 16/30 lymph nodes. She received three additional cycles of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Follow-up with CT scan after 11 months did not show recurrence.
Pain, PSA flare, and bone scan response in a patient with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with radium-223, a case report
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Radium-223 has been shown to improve overall survival in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with symptomatic bone metastases. The bone scan response to radium-223 has only been described in one single center trial of 14 patients, none of whom achieved the outstanding bone scan response presented in the current case. In this case report, we describe a 75 year-old white man with extensively pre-treated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and symptomatic bone metastases who experienced a flare in pain and prostate-specific antigen, followed by dramatic clinical (pain), biochemical (prostate-specific antigen), and imaging (bone scan) response. The flare phenomena and bone scan response we observed have not previously been described with radium-223. This case suggests that the degree and duration of bone scan response may be predictive of overall survival benefit
Ten-Year Survival of a Patient Treated with Stereotactic Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases from Colon Cancer with Ovarian and Lymph Node Metastases: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Nobuhiro Morinaga
Full Text Available Brain metastasis from colorectal cancer is infrequent and carries a poor prognosis. Herein, we present a patient alive 10 years after the identification of a first brain metastasis from sigmoid colon cancer. A 39-year-old woman underwent sigmoidectomy for sigmoid colon cancer during an emergency operation for pelvic peritonitis. The pathological finding was moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Eleven months after the sigmoidectomy, a metastatic lesion was identified in the left ovary. Despite local radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy, the left ovarian lesion grew, so resection of the uterus and bilateral ovaries was performed. Adjuvant chemotherapy with tegafur-uracil (UFT/calcium folinate (leucovorin, LV was initiated. Seven months after resection of the ovarian lesion, brain metastases appeared in the bilateral frontal lobes and were treated with stereotactic Gamma Knife radiosurgery. Cervical and mediastinal lymph node metastases were also diagnosed, and irradiation of these lesions was performed. After radiotherapy, 10 courses of oxaliplatin and infused fluorouracil plus leucovorin (FOLFOX were administered. During FOLFOX administration, recurrent left frontal lobe brain metastasis was diagnosed and treated with stereotactic Gamma Knife radiosurgery. In this case, the brain metastases were well treated with stereotactic Gamma Knife radiosurgery, and the systemic disease arising from sigmoid colon cancer has been kept under control with chemotherapies, surgical resection, and radiotherapy.
Analysis of 41 Cases of Primary Hypervascular Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Embolization of Emulsion of Chemotherapeutics and Iodized Oil
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Yunzhi ZHOU
Full Text Available Background and objective Transcatheter arterial chemotherapy and embolization is the main method in the treatment of lung cancer, but most of the reports do not study individually to small cell lung cancer (SCLC, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, hypovascular and hypervascular lung cancer. The pre-embolization perfusion of hemotherapeutics is still being used routinely and seldom report to iodized oil embolization. The article summarized the quality of life after the treatment, clinical efficiency, survival time and complications to evaluate the clinical effect of primary hypervascular NSCLC treated with embolization of emulsion of chemotherapeutics and iodized oil. Methods The study totally analyzed 41 cases which confirmed by pathology and follow up study from January, 2008 to January 2009. The CT scan with IV contrast demonstrates over moderate enhanced lesion which indicate hypervascular. Within the 41 cases, 23 cases of central, 18 cases of peripheral. Suqamous carcinoma 21 cases, adenocarcinoma 15 cases and squamoadenocarcinoma 5 cases. Stage IIIb 34 cases, stage IV 7 cases. Superselective incubation with microcatheter under DSA, to embolize the capillary bed with liquefied iodized oil and the emulsion of pharmorubicin, to embolize the supply artery of the tumor with gelatin foam microparticle. The liquefied iodized oil 5 mL-10 mL, pharmorubicin 10 mg-30 mg. The longest follow up is 12 months and to compare with the references of 2007-2009. Results The KPS is widely acclaimed after the treatment (P < 0.05, no complete response (CR, 31 cases of partial response (PR, 7 cases of no change (NC and 3 cases of progressive disease (PD, the total efficiency (CR+PR is 75.6%. The clinical efficiency (CR+PR+NC is 92.68%. 33 cases of total survival tome over 12 months (80.48%, IIIb stage 29/34 (85.29%, IV stage 4/7 (57.14%. 1 case with severe complication-spinal injury. Conclusion To treat primary hypervascular NSCLC with simple embolization of
Two Cases of Small Cell Cancer of the Maxillary Sinus Treated with Cisplatin plus Irinotecan and Radiotherapy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Kiyoaki Tsukahara
Full Text Available Background. Small cell carcinoma (SmCC in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is very rare, and definitive therapies have not yet been established. Methods. Chemoradiotherapy comprised 60 Gy of external radiation, with the administration of irinotecan intravenously at 60 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 and cisplatin at 60 mg/m2 on day 1. Results. Case 1 involved a 66-year-old woman with stage III cancer. Adverse events included decreased white blood cells, anemia, and oral mucositis, all Grade 2. The patient remained free of cancer as of 3 years and 6 months after completing the treatment. Case 2 involved a 60-year-old man with stage IV cancer. He also experienced adverse events of decreased white blood cells, anemia, and oral mucositis, all Grade 2. He died after 11 months due to metastases throughout the body. Conclusions. The results suggest that this regimen may be tolerable as a therapy for this type of carcinoma.
Clinical Observation on 271 Cases of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Yifei Kangliu Yin (益肺抗瘤饮)
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
刘嘉湘; 施志明; 李和根; 徐振晔; 朱晏伟; 赵丽红; 高虹; 刘苓霜; 朱惠蓉; 张晖
To observe the effects of Yifei Kangliu Yin(YFKLY) in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:Two hundred and seventy-one patients with NSCLC were randomly divided into three groups, Group A treated only by YFKLY, Group B treated by the combination of YFKLY and chemotherapy, and Group C treated only by chemotherapy as the control group for control. Results: (1) Of the 127 cases in Group A, 1 case got complete remission (CR), 13 got partial remission (PR), 89 had no change (NC), and 24 had progression of disease (PD), thus CR+PR+NC accounting for 81.10%; of the 80 patients in Group B, 17 got PR , 53 got NC, 10 got PD, PR+NC accounting for 87.50%; of the 64 cases of chemotherapy group, 7 cases got PR, 39 cases got NC, 18 cases got PD, PR+NC accounting for 71.88% (P<0.01). (2) The metastasis rate was 23.52% in Group A, 20.00% in Group B and 35.71% in Group C respectively after treatment. (3) The 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-year survival rate were 73.09%, 32.01%, 13.18% and 13.18% in Group A, 71.85%, 46.35%, 29.19% and 23.35% in Group B and 37.61%, 13.67%, 9.7% and 0% in Group C. The symptoms were improved, and Karnofsky score was elevated in Group A and B. Conclusion: YFKLY could increase survival rate and quality of life, decrease metastasis rate, and enhance the immune function in NSCLC patients.
A Case of Brain Metastases from Breast Cancer Treated with Whole-Brain Radiotherapy and Eribulin Mesylate
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Carsten Nieder
Full Text Available Patients with triple receptor-negative breast cancer often develop aggressive metastatic disease, which also might involve the brain. In many cases, systemic and local treatment is needed. It is important to consider the toxicity of chemo- and radiotherapy, especially when newly approved drugs become available. Randomised studies leading to drug approval often exclude patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases. Here we report our initial experience with eribulin mesylate and whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT in a heavily pretreated patient with multiple brain, lung, and bone metastases from triple receptor-negative breast cancer. Eribulin mesylate was given after 4 previous lines for metastatic disease. Two weeks after the initial dose, that is, during the first cycle, the patient was diagnosed with 5 brain metastases with a maximum size of approximately 4.5 cm. She continued chemotherapy and received concomitant WBRT with 10 fractions of 3 Gy. After 3 cycles of eribulin mesylate, treatment was discontinued because of newly diagnosed liver metastases and progression in the lungs. No unexpected acute toxicity was observed. The only relevant adverse reactions were haematological events after the third cycle (haemoglobin 9.5 g/dL, leukocytes 3.1×109/L. The patient died from respiratory failure 18.5 months from diagnosis of metastatic disease, and 2.7 months from diagnosis of brain metastases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on combined WBRT and eribulin mesylate.
A case of rectovagino-vesical fistula due to radiation therapy for uterine cancer treated with covered expandable metallic stent
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ohtsukasa, Shunroh; Okabe, Satoshi; Tanami, Hideaki [Tokyo Medical and Dental Univ. (Japan). School of Medicine] (and others)
A 65-year-old woman had received a panhysterectomy and radiation therapy for a uterine cancer in 1974 and underwent a drainage operation for a peritonitis due to rupture of the bladder associated with radiation cystitis in 1983. A rectovesical fistula was revealed and partial resection of the bladder and rectum was performed in 1996. In 1998, rectovesical fistula recurred and symptom of fecaluria and contact-type dermatitis at perineal region subsequently worsened. In February, 2000, colonoscopy and gastrograffin-enema revealed a giant recto-vagino-vesical fistula. Although we recommended ileostomy, the patient refused our offer. She gave informed consent to our proposal about the insertion of a covered expandable metallic stent (EMS) into the rectum to treat for fecaluria. After insertion of a covered EMS, fecaluria and contact-type dermatitis at perineal region subsequently improved. Three months later, fecaluria appeared again. Finally, seven months later, severe inflammation occurred at perineal and pubic region because of migration of the covered EMS into the bladder, then we removed the covered EMS and performed ileostomy. It is difficult to use the covered EMS treatment for benign rectovesical or rectovaginal fistula for a long term. (author)
Evolution in the profile of thyroid cancer cases treated in an oncology reference service: what changed in the last 20 years
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Renan Bezerra Lira
Full Text Available Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of thyroid carcinoma cases treated at a reference hospital for cancer between 2008 and 2010. Methods: we studied 807 cases and analyzed the following clinicopathologic variables: symptoms, risk factors, diagnostic tests, staging, histological type, treatment performed and complications. Results: Females were more affected, with 660 cases (82%. The average age at diagnosis was 44.5 years. Prior exposure to ionizing radiation was reported by 22 (3% patients, a family history of thyroid cancer by 89 (11%, and 289 (36% individuals reported other types of cancer in the family. The fine needle aspiration biopsy was the main parameter for surgical indication and was suggestive of carcinoma in 463 patients (57%. Papillary carcinoma was the most common histological type, with 780 cases (96.6%. There were 728 (90% total thyroidectomies, 43 (5.3% reoperations or partial thyroidectomies followed by totalization, 23 (2.8% extended thyroidectomies and only 13 (1.6% partial thyroidectomies (lobectomy with isthmectomy. Neck dissection associated with thyroidectomy was done in 158 patients (19.5%. We observed a predominance of tumors classified as T1 in 602 (74.6% patients. Transient hypocalcemia was the most frequent complication. Conclusion: The results show that the worldwide increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer has changed the profile of patients seen at a referral service. In addition, there were changes in the type of surgical treatment used, with increased use of total thyroidectomy in relation to partial and subtotal ones, and decreased use of elective neck dissections.
[A case of lung cancer complicated with active non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infection successfully treated with anti-cancer agents and anti-NTM agents].
Fujita, Yu; Ishii, Satoru; Hirano, Satoshi; Takeda, Yuichiro; Sugiyama, Haruhito; Kobayashi, Nobuyuki
A 55-year-old man with pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease was referred to our hospital with dyspnea on exertion and general fatigue. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a nodular shadow with pleural indentation in the left S(1+2), left pleural effusion, and a thick-walled cavitary lesion due to pulmonary MAC disease in the right S1. A biopsy specimen of the nodule in the left S(1+2) revealed adenocarcinoma, which various examinations confirmed to be stage IV lung adenocarcinoma (T2aN0M1a) complicated with active pulmonary MAC disease. Anti-non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) chemotherapy consisting of rifampicin, ethambutol, clarithromycin and streptomycin was administered to treat the pulmonary MAC disease, and the lung cancer was then treated with 4 courses of carboplatin/pemetrexed. This improved the patient's pulmonary MAC disease, and the lung cancer went into partial remission without severe adverse effects. Although a more detailed analysis of the drug interaction is required, we concluded that a combination of anti-NTM and carboplatin/pemetrexed chemotherapy was safe and effective. PMID:22171491
Monoclonal antibodies for treating cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
The purpose of this study is to assess the current status of in-vivo use of monoclonal antibodies for treating cancer. Publications appearing between 1980 and 1988 were identified by computer searches using MEDLINE and CANCERLIT, by reviewing the table of contents of recently published journals, and by searching bibliographies of identified books and articles. More than 700 articles, including peer-reviewed articles and book chapters, were identified and selected for analysis. The literature was reviewed and 235 articles were selected as relevant and representative of the current issues and future applications for in-vivo monoclonal antibodies for cancer therapy and of the toxicity and efficacy which has been associated with clinical trials. Approaches include using antibody alone (interacting with complement or effector cells or binding directly with certain cell receptors) and immunoconjugates (antibody coupled to radioisotopes, drugs, toxins, or other biologicals). Most experience has been with murine antibodies. Trials of antibody alone and radiolabeled antibodies have confirmed the feasibility of this approach and the in-vivo trafficking of antibodies to tumor cells. However, tumor cell heterogeneity, lack of cytotoxicity, and the development of human antimouse antibodies have limited clinical efficacy. Although the immunoconjugates are very promising, heterogeneity and the antimouse immune response have hampered this approach as has the additional challenge of chemically or genetically coupling antibody to cytotoxic agents. As a therapeutic modality, monoclonal antibodies are still promising but their general use will be delayed for several years. New approaches using human antibodies and reducing the human antiglobulin response should facilitate treatment. 235 references
Hypo-fractionated radiotherapy of breast cancer: long term results of a set of 80 cases treated in the radiotherapy department of the Oran university hospital
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
The authors report the assessment of the local and locoregional control and of the acute and late toxicity of adjuvant hypo-fractionated radiotherapy in breast cancer treatment. During 1998, 80 women have been treated by conservative or radical surgery and hypo-fractionated tele-cobalto-therapy (36 Gy in five fractions of 3 Gy a week, and a boost of 15 Gy in five fractions in case of conservative surgery). Results are discussed in terms of local and locoregional recurrence, tolerance, late toxicity, global survival, and tumour classification. The irradiation scheme seems perfectly achievable but a greater number of patients and a longer follow-up are required to better assess the efficiency and aesthetic results. Short communication
Long-Term Survival in a Patient with Multiple Brain Metastases from Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Gamma Knife Radiosurgery on Four Occasions: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ameer L. Elaimy
Full Text Available Brain metastases are the most common cancerous neoplasm in the brain. The treatment of these lesions is challenging and often includes a multimodality management approach with whole-brain radiation therapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, and neurosurgery options. Although advances in biomedical imaging technologies and the treatment of extracranial cancer have led to the overall increase in the survival of brain metastases patients, the finding that select patients survive several years remains puzzling. For this reason, we present the case of a 70-year-old patient who was diagnosed with multiple brain metastases from small-cell lung cancer five years ago and is currently alive following treatment with chemotherapy for the primary cancer and whole-brain radiation therapy and Gamma Knife radiosurgery on four separate occasions for the neurological cancer. Since the diagnosis of brain metastases five years ago, the patient's primary cancer has remained controlled. Furthermore, multiple repeat GKRS procedures provided this patient with high levels of local tumor control, which in combination with a stable primary cancer led to an extended period of survival and a highly functional life. Further analysis and clinical research will be valuable in assessing the durability of multiple GKRS for brain metastases patients who experience long-term survival.
Case Studies - Cervical Cancer
Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts
Dr. Alan Waxman, a professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of New Mexico and chair of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) committee for the underserved, talks about several case studies for cervical cancer screening and management. Created: 10/15/2010 by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP), Division of Cancer Prevention and Control (DCPC). Date Released: 6/9/2010.
High-dose OxyContin to treat pain associated with bone metastasis in patients with small-cell lung cancer: a case study report.
Zhou, Tao; Zhang, Xia; Dong, Yan; Zhuang, Feifei; Jiang, Fengquan; Yu, Jinming; Zhang, Bin
Pain management is an important topic that has received extensive attention from clinical practitioners. Nearly all patients with malignant tumors suffer pain at the advanced stage of their disease. Oxycodone is a first-line choice for treating moderate-to-severe cancer-related pain, and OxyContin, a controlled-release oxycodone hydrochloride tablet, is internationally recognized as a safe and effective opioid analgesic. OxyContin has the characteristics of both immediate release and sustained release, with a time to onset and peak similar to those of immediate-release morphine. It acts on both μ and κ receptors and has been shown to be effective in treating different types of pain, especially neuropathic pain, theoretically without a dose cap. However, the dose is limited in clinical applications due to various factors that are likely to affect its analgesic effect and reduce patient quality of life. Cooperation with a patient's family members is required during the treatment of cancer pain. Chronic cancer pain has a long disease course, which could easily cause complex psychological symptoms due to their important role in the pain experience. Pain is controllable, and patients have a right to not experience pain. An optimal living state can be achieved through collaboration between physicians and patients. Rational personalized treatment of cancer pain can improve patient quality of life, relieve pain, and help prolong patient survival. This article reports the treatment procedure and adverse reactions in a patient who was treated with high-dose OxyContin, with the aim of providing a reference for other clinical practitioners. PMID:26855563
A Prospective Study of the Associations Between Treated Diabetes and Cancer Outcomes
Yeh, Hsin-Chieh; Platz, Elizabeth A.; Wang, Nae-Yuh; Visvanathan, Kala; Helzlsouer, Kathy J.; Brancati, Frederick L.
OBJECTIVE To quantify the association of treated diabetes with cancer incidence and cancer mortality as well as cancer case fatality and all-cause mortality in adults who subsequently develop cancer and to calculate attributable fractions due to diabetes on various cancer outcomes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Prospective data on 599 diabetic and 17,681 nondiabetic adults from the CLUE II (Give Us a Clue to Cancer and Heart Disease) cohort in Washington County, Maryland, were analyzed. Diabete...
High-dose OxyContin to treat pain associated with bone metastasis in patients with small-cell lung cancer: a case study report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Zhou T
Full Text Available Tao Zhou,1,* Xia Zhang,2,* Yan Dong,1 Feifei Zhuang,1 Fengquan Jiang,3 Jinming Yu,4 Bin Zhang1,4 1Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 2Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 3Laboratory of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 4Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Pain management is an important topic that has received extensive attention from clinical practitioners. Nearly all patients with malignant tumors suffer pain at the advanced stage of their disease. Oxycodone is a first-line choice for treating moderate-to-severe cancer-related pain, and OxyContin, a controlled-release oxycodone hydrochloride tablet, is internationally recognized as a safe and effective opioid analgesic. OxyContin has the characteristics of both immediate release and sustained release, with a time to onset and peak similar to those of immediate-release morphine. It acts on both µ and κ receptors and has been shown to be effective in treating different types of pain, especially neuropathic pain, theoretically without a dose cap. However, the dose is limited in clinical applications due to various factors that are likely to affect its analgesic effect and reduce patient quality of life. Cooperation with a patient's family members is required during the treatment of cancer pain. Chronic cancer pain has a long disease course, which could easily cause complex psychological symptoms due to their important role in the pain experience. Pain is controllable, and patients have a right to not experience pain. An optimal living state can be achieved through collaboration between physicians and patients. Rational personalized treatment of cancer pain can improve
TOPAN, Aysel; Bayram, Dilek; Özendi, Mustafa; Cam, Ali; Öztürk, Cam; Kuzlu Ayyıldız, Tülay; Kulakçı, Hülya; Veren, Funda
This research is focused on the examination of child cancer cases in Zonguldak (Turkey) descriptively in epidemiological aspect thanks to GIS. Universe of the study is composed of 60 children between 0-19 years old, treated in Children Oncology Clinic of Health Application and Research Center in BEU. Whole universe was reached without selecting a sample in the study. Data were collected by using a form prepared by obtaining expert advice and they were applied to children and their parents at ...
Malignant thrombosis of the superior vena cava caused by non-small-cell lung cancer treated with radiation and erlotinib: a case with complete and prolonged response over 3 years
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Wang JY
Full Text Available Jianyang Wang,1 Jun Liang,1 Wenqing Wang,1 Han Ouyang,2 Luhua Wang11Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of ChinaAbstract: Most cases of superior vena cava (SVC syndrome resulting from neoplasm, especially from lung cancer, remain a serious challenge to treat. Here, for the first time as far as we are aware, we report the case of a non-small-cell lung cancer patient with a massive SVC malignant thrombosis who was treated with thoracic irradiation and erlotinib. The treatment regimen consisted of erlotinib 150 mg/day and a total dose of 66 Gy/33 fractions delivered to the tumor, malignant thrombosis, and metastasis mediastinal lymph nodes. The malignant thrombosis responded dramatically and the combined regimen was well tolerated. After discharge, the erlotinib was prescribed as maintenance therapy. The patient was followed closely for the next 3 years. During this time, positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans and serum tumor marker screens were undertaken. By 6 months, the primary tumor showed complete response and by 9 months, the SVC thrombosis had disappeared. No sign of relapse has been found to date.Keywords: superior vena cava syndrome, radiotherapy, thoracic irradiation, neoplasm
Hypermetabolic Calcified Lymph Nodes on 18Fludeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in a Case of Treated Ovarian Cancer Recurrence: Residual Disease or Benign Formation?
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Alexandra Nikaki
Full Text Available The contribution of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT with 18F-fludeoxyglucose (FDG in evaluating ovarian cancer recurrence even after a prolonged disease-free interval, and in therapy response is well-described. Calcifications observed in CT, although usually attributed to benign conditions, may actually represent active disease. Such an example of calcified formations is psammoma bodies. We present a case of 56-y. o. patient with ovarian cancer relapse at the supraclavicular area 18 years after complete response and disease-free interval. The patient received chemotherapy and underwent 18F-FDG-PET/CT for the evaluation of treatment response. Both CT corrected and uncorrected PET images showed hypermetabolism in the massively calcified lymph nodes in the neck, mediastinum, axilla and abdomen, indicative of active residual disease
[A case of an elderly patient with gastric cancer successfully treated with TS-1 considering impaired renal function caused by aging].
Kishimoto, Tomono; Imamura, Hiroshi; Furukawa, Hiroshi; Yamamoto, Kazuyoshi; Miyazaki, Yasuhiro; Ohshiro, Ryouta; Ohta, Katsuya; Nakata, Yasuyuki; Kamigaki, Shunji; Kondo, Motoi; Takemoto, Hiroyoshi; Fujimi, Satoshi; Nakayama, Takahiro; Fukunaga, Mutsumi; Ohsato, Hiroki; Tatsuta, Masayuki
A 75-year-old female patient with impaired renal function caused by aging was treated with TS 1 for gastric cancer with extensive multiple liver metastases. TS-1 contains CDHP, which inhibits DPD activity and maintains a high blood concentration of 5-FU. Because CDHP is excreted from the kidney, a careful TS-1 administration is necessary for patients with impaired renal function considering an occurrence of severe adverse events. Based on the result previously reported by us about pharmacokinetic study and recommended administration dosage of TS-1 for patients with impaired renal function, we administered 50 mg/day of TS-1 for four weeks followed by two weeks rest per one course for this patient. The patient's creatinine clearance calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault method was 38 ml/min, and we reduced the administration dosage in consideration of her impaired renal function, although normal dosage of TS-1 calculated from body surface area for this patient was 100 mg/day. As this patient underwent TS-1 treatment, sizes of multiple liver metastases and the blood concentration level of CEA were gradually reduced, and the reductive rate of the former was more than 90% and the level of the latter fell to a normal range after 12 courses of TS 1 treatment. Through all the treatment courses, relative drug intensity was 100% and the performance status of this patient was kept 0 without any grade 3 or more adverse events under ambulatory treatment. A successful treatment for this patient might indicate that it was important to consider the appropriate reduction of the dosage of TS-1 administration for elderly patients with gastric cancer, because there is a reverse correlation between aging and renal function. To clarify this problem, a multicenter prospective phase II study about TS-1 reductive administration depending on the renal function for elderly patients with gastric cancer (OGSG0404) is ongoing in our clinical study group (OGSG; Osaka Gastrointestinal Chemotherapy
Spatial Distrubiton of Children Treated by Cancer in Zonguldak, Turkey
Topan, Aysel; Bayram, Dilek; Özendi, Mustafa; Cam, Ali; Öztürk, Cam; Kuzlu Ayyıldız, Tülay; Kulakçı, Hülya; Veren, Funda
This research is focused on the examination of child cancer cases in Zonguldak (Turkey) descriptively in epidemiological aspect thanks to GIS. Universe of the study is composed of 60 children between 0-19 years old, treated in Children Oncology Clinic of Health Application and Research Center in BEU. Whole universe was reached without selecting a sample in the study. Data were collected by using a form prepared by obtaining expert advice and they were applied to children and their parents at study dates. Results were expressed as percentages. Chi-Square test was used in intergroup comparisons, results were assessed within 95% confidence interval and pmaps were produced. When disease diagnosis of the children participated in the study were evaluated, it was observed that 33.3% (n=20) were being treated for ALL, 13.3% (n=8) for Medullablastoma and 11.7% (n=7) for Hodgkin-nonHodgkin Lymphoma. It was detected that 31.7% (n=19) were in Ereğli, 31.7% (n=19) were in Central district and 18.3% (n=11) were in Çaycuma, when the places where children were living were evaluated. Statistically significant difference was found (p=0.016) comparing disease diagnosis with living place, and overall distribution map of the number of cancer cases was produced in this context. This is the first research subjecting the distribution of cancer cases for Zonguldak province.
Synchronous dual malignancy: Successfully treated cases
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Agrawal Rashi
Full Text Available The occurrence of a second malignancy in a patient with a known malignant tumour is not uncommon. Synchronous primary malignancies are still unusual We are presenting two cases treated successfully at our centre. Case report 1-A 70 year old female presented to us with lump in right breast for two years and bleeding per vaginum for two years.Histopathology of cervix showed squamous cell carcinoma (large cell non keratinizing and clinical stage was IIIB. HPE mastectomy specimen showed infiltrating duct carcinoma and stage II. Patient was treated with external beam radiotherapy for carcinoma cervix and breast simultaneously and chemotherapy as required. Patient is on regular follow up and clinically no evidence of disease. Case Report 2 -A 40 year old female presented with mild headache off and on for one year, projectile vomiting for three months and right side facial swelling for three months. HPE brain tissue showed astrocytoma grade II and HPE parotid tumour showed low grade muco-epidermoid carcinoma. Patient was treated with surgery first then radiotherapy. Patient is in regular follow up,having no complain,clinically no neurological dysfunction and no evidence of disease at right parotid and neck region. Thus it was concluded that patients responded well to treatment. Treatment strategies in case of synchronous double malignancy depend on treating the malignancy that is more advanced first or sometimes both could be treated simultaneously. In our case we concluded that synchronous double malignancy may be treated successfully. Both sites should be treated fully as if they were occurring separately considering toxicities.
A Case Series of Survival Outcomes in Patients with Advanced-stage IIIb/IV Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Treated with HangAm-Plus
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Bang Sun-Hwi
Full Text Available Background and Objectives: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC represents approximately 80% of all lung cancers. Unfortunately, at their time of diagnosis, most patients have advanced to unresectable disease with a very poor prognosis. The oriental herbal medicine HangAm-Plus (HAP has been developed for antitumor purposes, and several previous studies have reported its therapeutic effects. In this study, the efficacy of HAP was evaluated as a third-line treatment for advanced-stage IIIb/IV NSCLC. Methods: The study involved six patients treated at the East- West Cancer Center (EWCC from April 2010 to October 2011. Inoperable advanced-stage IIIb/IV NSCLC patients received 3,000 or 6,000 mg of HAP on a daily basis over a 12-week period. Computed tomography (CT scans were obtained from the patients at the time of the initial administration and after 12 weeks of treatment. We observed and analyzed the patients overall survival (OS and progression-free survival (PFS. Results: Of the six patients, three expired during the study, and the three remaining patients were alive as of October 31, 2011. The OS ranged from 234 to 512 days, with a median survival of 397 days and a one-year survival rate of 66.7%. In the 12-week-interval chest CT assessment, three patients showed stable disease (SD, and the other three showed progressive disease (PD. The PFS of patients ranged from 88 to 512 days, the median PFS being 96 days. Longer OS and PFS were correlated with SD. Although not directly comparable, the OS and the PFS of this study were greater than those of the docetaxel or the best supportive care group in other studies. Conclusion: HAP may prolong the OS and the PFS of inoperable stage IIIb/IV NSCLC patients without significant adverse effects. In the future, more controlled clinical trials with larger samples from multi-centers should be conducted to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of HAP.
The cost effectiveness of treating paediatric cancer in low-income and middle-income countries: a case-study approach using acute lymphocytic leukaemia in Brazil and Burkitt lymphoma in Malawi.
Bhakta, Nickhill; Martiniuk, Alexandra L C; Gupta, Sumit; Howard, Scott C
Approximately 90% of children with cancer reside in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) where healthcare resources are scarce and allocation decisions difficult. The cost effectiveness of treating childhood cancers in these settings is unknown. The objective of the present work was to determine cost-effectiveness thresholds for common paediatric cancers using acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in Brazil and Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in Malawi as examples. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) prevented by treatment were compared to the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of each country to define cost-effectiveness thresholds using WHO-CHOICE ('CHOosing Interventions that are Cost-Effective') guidelines. The case examples were selected due to the data available and because ALL and BL both have the potential to yield significant health gains at a low cost per patient treated. The key findings were as follows: the 3:1 cost/DALY prevented to GDP/capita ratio for ALL in Brazil was US $771,225; expenditures below this threshold were cost effective. Costs below US $257,075 (1:1 ratio) were considered very cost effective. Analogous thresholds for BL in Malawi were US $42,729 and US $14,243. Actual costs were far less. In Brazil, US $16,700 was spent to treat each patient while in Malawi total drug costs were less than US $50 per child. In summary, treatment of certain paediatric cancers in LMIC is very cost effective. Future research should evaluate actual treatment and infrastructure expenditures to help guide policymakers.
Ten-Year Survival of a Patient Treated with Stereotactic Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases from Colon Cancer with Ovarian and Lymph Node Metastases: A Case Report
Morinaga, Nobuhiro; Tanaka, Naritaka; Shitara, Yoshinori; Ishizaki, Masatoshi; Yoshida, Takatomo; Kouga, Hideaki; Wakabayashi, Kazuki; Fukuchi, Minoru; Tsunoda, Yoshiyuki; Kuwano, Hiroyuki
Brain metastasis from colorectal cancer is infrequent and carries a poor prognosis. Herein, we present a patient alive 10 years after the identification of a first brain metastasis from sigmoid colon cancer. A 39-year-old woman underwent sigmoidectomy for sigmoid colon cancer during an emergency operation for pelvic peritonitis. The pathological finding was moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Eleven months after the sigmoidectomy, a metastatic lesion was identified in the left ovary. De...
Detecting and treating breast cancer resistance to EGFR inhibitors
Moonlee, Sun-Young; Bissell, Mina J.; Furuta, Saori; Meier, Roland; Kenny, Paraic A.
The application describes therapeutic compositions and methods for treating cancer. For example, therapeutic compositions and methods related to inhibition of FAM83A (family with sequence similarity 83) are provided. The application also describes methods for diagnosing cancer resistance to EGFR inhibitors. For example, a method of diagnosing cancer resistance to EGFR inhibitors by detecting increased FAM83A levels is described.
Preventing and Treating Prostate Cancer Spread to Bone
... options Preventing and treating prostate cancer spread to bones If prostate cancer spreads to other parts of the body, it ... a vein and settle in areas of damaged bones (like those containing cancer spread). Once there, they give off radiation that ...
Variations in serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels in advanced gastrointestinal cancer treated with polychemotherapy.
Scanni, A; Tomirotti, M; Licciardello, L; Annibali, E; Biraghi, M; Trovato, M; Fittipaldi, M; Adamoli, P; Curtarelli, G
Serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels (SCL, SCeL) in 57 patients with advanced cancer of the stomach (35 cases) or large intestine (22 cases) treated with polychemotherapy were studies. In gastroenteric cancer, SCL, which are already high in untreated patients, have a tendency to increase further in cases of progression of the disease, while they seem to significantly decrease in cases of remission. SCeL during the trial appeared to be correlated to the clinical evolution of the disease only in the case of stomach cancer. In large intestine cancer, SCeL did not show any significant variation in relation to the normal range. These observations, in particular on the behavior of SCL in the neoplasms of the digestive tract, are in accordance with the results of other studies. The authors are inclined to attach a diagnostic and prognostic value to the variation in SCL and SCeL in gastrointestinal cancer.
Analysis of 5-year survivors of esophageal cancer treated with radiation and chemotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
From 1967 to 1980, 240 cases of esophageal cancer, consisting of 153 curative and 87 palliative cases, were treated with a combination of radiation and chemotherapy. The five-year survival rate in 124 curative cases given a dose of more than 50 Gy was 12.9 %, and 17 cases survived more than 5 years. In the 5-year survivors, T1 in the advancement of tumors, less than 7 cm in length, and cancer of both the serrated and tumorous types were characteristic factors, indicating a good prognosis. These cases were irradiated with a dose of 60 - 70 Gy and the tumors showed a high response to irradiation. (author)
Metallic taste in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy
Ijpma, I.; Renken, R. J.; ter Horst, G. J.; Reyners, A. K. L.
Background: Metallic taste is a taste alteration frequently reported by cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Attention to this side effect of chemotherapy is limited. This review addresses the definition, assessment methods, prevalence, duration, etiology, and management strategies of metallic
Clinical experience of oxycontin in treating 78 cases of patients with moderate-severe cancer pain%奥施康定治疗中重度癌痛患者78例的临床体会
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
目的:观察奥施康定治疗中重度癌痛患者的临床效果与不良反应。方法:使用奥施康定治疗78例中重度癌痛患者,初始剂量5 mg/12 h,根据患者的疼痛程度来调整其给药剂量,连续用药4周,观察患者止痛效果、生活质量及不良反应。结果:78例患者总有效率93.59%,QOL得分(16.25±2.17)分,较治疗前的(9.17±1.68)分有所提高(P<0.05);用药后主要不良反应有便秘(16.67%)、恶心(6.41%)及厌食口干(3.85%)。结论:使用奥康施定通过个体化给药途径治疗中重度的癌痛患者,镇痛疗效显著、不良反应发生率低,患者生活质量得到明显改善。%Objective:To observe clinical effects and adverse reactions of oxycontin in treating patients with moderate-severe cancer pain.Methods:Using oxycontin through dose titration treated 78 cases of patients with moderate-severe cancer pain,the initial dose was 5 mg/12 h.The administration dosage was adjusted according to the pain degree of patients,continuous administration 4 weeks.The analgesic effect,life quality and adverse reactions of patients were observed.Results:The total effective rate of 78 patients was 93.59%;the QOL score was (16.25±2.17)scores,which increased when were compared with those before treatment (9.17±1.68) increased(P<0.05).The main adverse reaction after medication:constipation(16.67%),nausea(6.41%) and anorexia,dry mouth(3.85%).Conclusion:The analgesic effect of using oxycontin through individualized administration route treated patients with moderate-severe cancer pain is significantly.The incidence rate of adverse reaction is low.The life quality of the patients improves significantly.
Sorafenib Tosylate in Treating Younger Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms Tumor, Liver Cancer, or Thyroid Cancer
Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Papillary Thyroid Cancer; Previously Treated Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Childhood Liver Cancer; Recurrent Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma; Recurrent Thyroid Cancer; Recurrent Wilms Tumor and Other Childhood Kidney Tumors
Exploiting replicative stress to treat cancer
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Dobbelstein, Matthias; Sørensen, Claus Storgaard
DNA replication in cancer cells is accompanied by stalling and collapse of the replication fork and signalling in response to DNA damage and/or premature mitosis; these processes are collectively known as 'replicative stress'. Progress is being made to increase our understanding of the mechanisms...
[Rectal stenosis due to Schnitzler metastasis following surgery for gastric cancer--a case successfully treated with TS-1 and CDDP combination chemotherapy].
Niinobu, Takahiro; Nakagawa, Sumiko; Itani, Yutaka; Nishikawa, Yasuaki; Amano, Masahiro; Higaki, Naozumi; Hayashida, Hiroto; Sakon, Masato
The patient, a 40-year-old woman, underwent total gastrectomy and excision of the pancreatic tail, spleen and gallbladder for gastric cancer in September 2000. The lesion was judged to be P1, SE, H0, N2 and Stage IV and the patient was managed on a regular schedule as an outpatient. In September 2004, she passed blood-stained feces and rectal palpation detected a hard nodule at the anterior rectal wall. A fiber optic examination of the sigmoid colon detected an ulcerous lesion with a hemorrhage at the anterior rectal wall. A biopsy revealed the lesion to be Group V poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Starting in October 2004, 100 mg/day of TS-1 was administered for 3 weeks; intravenous drip infusion of 100 mg/body of CDDP was conducted in the second week for a period of 24 hours. After 3 courses of this regimen, a fiber optic examination of the colon conducted in February 2005 no longer detected the rectal tumor, leaving only a cicatrix. Upon a CT examination, the para-aortic lymph nodes that had been enlarged were notably reduced in size and an improvement was eminent in the hypertrophic rectal wall. The patient no longer experienced constipation or melena. Her clinical course is being observed while an oral administration of 100 mg/day of TS-1 continues. PMID:16315933
Radiotherapeutic management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. A critical review of 601 cases treated at the Cancer Institute in the period 1947 to 1969
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
The results presented in this paper are based upon information obtained from a critical review of 601 records of nasopharyngeal carcinoma retrieved from the files of the Cancer Institute. The records cover a period of 22 years. An analysis of the age and sex distribution revealed a male excess with a ratio of 2.2:1. No other significant age and sex differences were elucidated. About 80% of all the patients were found to manifest Stage II lesions. Early signs and symptoms were usually mild and non-incapacitating, which the patients usually ignored and may have misled the general practitioners. Single biopsy studies were conducted on 429 patients. The results have shown that more than 95% showed the presence of cell types I, III and IV, (36%, 31%, 31%, respectively), and these were mostly seen in patients manifesting Stage II lesions. Whether the cell type/stage relationship as observed is the true picture could not be ascertained, since the majority of the patients manifested Stage II lesions. The cell type(s) may however be an important factor in the evaluation of biologic response to radiotherapy and may further influence the dose/response relationship. Using port sizes of 6cm x 7cm to 6cm x 8cm, 178 patients were irradiated with doses ranging from about 4000 to 7000 rad (40-70Gy). The results have shown that 74 to 78% of the patients showing a 100% response (complete disappearance of the mass) were irradiated with doses in the range 5000 to 7000 rad (50 to 70Gy). 4000 to 5000 rad (40-50Gy) on the average resulted in optimum response rates to whole-neck irradiation. (author)
New modalities to treat laryngeal cancer.
Prgomet, Drago
Early laryngeal cancer comprises T1 and T2 stages of the disease. Open functional operations achieve local control of the disease in 90–95% of T1 patients and in 70–90% of T2 patients. Primary RT achieves local control in 85–94% of T1 tumors and in 70–80% of patients with T2 tumors. Introduction of endoscopic laser surgery resulted in further popularization of preservation laryngeal surgery, whereby equally successful treatment results are achieved with minimal invasiveness. Quality of voice ...
Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Combined with Thermotherapy for Treating Mid-Late Stage Liver Cancer in 31 Cases%动脉灌注栓塞术联合热疗治疗中晚期肝癌31例
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
彭杰; 胡章华; 杜驰
目的 探讨动脉灌注栓塞术(TACE)联合深部热疗治疗中晚期原发性肝癌的疗效及毒副反应.方法 将63例患者随机分为治疗组31例和对照组32例,治疗组采用深部热疗加动脉灌注栓塞术,热疗每周2次,每次治疗间隔时间72 h以上,每5次热疗为1个疗程.对照组采用单纯动脉灌注栓塞术.热疗5次加介入治疗1次为1个疗程.评价患者疗效、生活质量和毒副反应.结果 治疗组与对照组有效率分别为70.97%和46.88%,两组近期疗效比较差异有显著意义(P=0.029);两组治疗后生活质量有显著性差异(P=0.011);主要不良反应均为消化道反应和血液学毒性,两组之间毒性反应无明显差异.结论 动脉灌注栓塞术联合热疗治疗原发性肝癌的疗效较好,可改善患者生活质量,且毒副反应低,值得临床推广.%Objective To observe the efficacy and toxicity of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with thermotherapy for treating mid-late stage primary liver cancer. Methods Sixty- three patients with primary liver cancer were randomly divided into the treatment group (31 cases) and the control group (32 cases).The treatment group was treated with deep thermotherapy combined with TACE. The thermotherapy was given twice a week after TACE with interval time of over 72 h, 5 times for a treatment cycle. The control group was given TACE alone. The effective rate, quality of life and toxicity were evaluated between the two groups. Results The rate of response (RR) in treatment group and control group were 70.97% and 46.88% respective, showing significant differences in the short- term efficacy between the two groups(P =0. 029). The quality of life after treatment in both groups had significant difference(P =0. 011). The major adverse reactions were gastrointestinal and hematologic toxicity with no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion TACE combined with thermtherapy has better efficacy and
Biological Therapy in Treating Patients With Metastatic Cancer
Breast Cancer; Colorectal Cancer; Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer; Gallbladder Cancer; Gastric Cancer; Head and Neck Cancer; Liver Cancer; Lung Cancer; Metastatic Cancer; Ovarian Cancer; Pancreatic Cancer; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor
Stromal reengineering to treat pancreas cancer.
Stromnes, Ingunn M; DelGiorno, Kathleen E; Greenberg, Philip D; Hingorani, Sunil R
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma co-opts multiple cellular and extracellular mechanisms to create a complex cancer organ with an unusual proclivity for metastasis and resistance to therapy. Cell-autonomous events are essential for the initiation and maintenance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, but recent studies have implicated critical non-cell autonomous processes within the robust desmoplastic stroma that promote disease pathogenesis and resistance. Thus, non-malignant cells and associated factors are culprits in tumor growth, immunosuppression and invasion. However, even this increasing awareness of non-cell autonomous contributions to disease progression is tempered by the conflicting roles stromal elements can play. A greater understanding of stromal complexity and complicity has been aided in part by studies in highly faithful genetically engineered mouse models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Insights gleaned from such studies are spurring the development of therapies designed to reengineer the pancreas cancer stroma and render it permissive to agents targeting cell-autonomous events or to reinstate immunosurveillance. Integrating conventional and immunological treatments in the context of stromal targeting may provide the key to a durable clinical impact on this formidable disease. PMID:24908682
Herceptin in Treating 30 Cases of High Expression HER-2 Advanced Breast Cancer%赫赛汀治疗人类表皮生长因子受体2高表达晚期乳腺癌30例
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Objective To investigate the efficacy and adverse reactions of herceptin in the treatment of high expression HER - 2 advanced breast cancer. Methods Sixty patients with advanced breast cancer treated in our hospital from February 2009 to August 2011 were randomly divided into 2 groups, 30 cases in each group. The treatment group received herceptin by intravenous injection. The 3 - week regimen was 8 mg/kg at the first week and then 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks with persisting for 12 months. The control group used capecitabine, 2 500 mg/(m2 ? d) for continuous 2 weeks and then withdrawal for 1 week, 3 weeks were as a course of treatment. The patients were treated by consecutive 3-10 treatment courses according to the disease condition and performed good nursing care. The curative efficacy and adverse reactions were observed. Results The total effective rate was 63. 33% in the control group and 86. 67% in the treatment group with statistical difference between them ( P < 0. 05). During the treatment process, 18 cases suffered from II - IE degree myelosuppression and after symptomatic treatment, all cases recovered to normal within 7 d without leading to serious complications. Conclusion Herceptin has good effect in the treatment of high expression HER - 2 advanced breast cancer with tolerable and controllable adverse reactions. Enhance nursing care can effectively improve the patient's survival rate.%目的 观察赫赛汀治疗人类表皮生长因子受体2高表达晚期乳腺癌中的疗效及不良反应.方法 选择医院2009年2月至2011年8月收治的晚期乳腺癌患者60例,随机分为两组,每组30例.治疗组使用赫赛汀静脉注射,3周方案为首周剂量8 mg/kg,之后每3周给药6mg/kg,坚持用药12个月;对照组使用卡培他滨治疗,2 500 mg/(m2.d),连续治疗2周后停药1周,3周为1个疗程,患者根据情况连续治疗3~10个疗程.对患者进行良好护理,并观察治疗疗效和不良反应.结果 对照组总有效率为63
Eight-year survival after advanced gastric cancer treated with S-1 followed by surgery
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Susumu; Hijioka; Keisho; Chin; Yasuyuki; Seto; Noriko; Yamamoto; Kiyohiko; Hatake
We report a case of advanced gastric cancer, with cervical, axillary, and abdominal paraaortic lymph node metastases, that was successfully treated with chemotherapy and surgery. The disease was initially considered unresectable, and the patient was treated with orally administered S-1. Chemotherapy was effective, and all lymph node metastases disappeared after 6 courses. After 27 mo of chemotherapy, the patient underwent curative surgery, with subtotal gastrectomy and lymph node dissection. Histopathologic...
Treating Cancer with Strong Magnetic Fields and Ultrasound
Winterberg, Dr Friedwardt
It is proposed to treat cancer by the combination of a strong magnetic field with intense ultrasound. At the low electrical conductivity of tissue the magnetic field is not frozen into the tissue, and oscillates against the tissue which is brought into rapid oscillation by the ultrasound. As a result, a rapidly oscillating electric field is induced in the tissue, strong enough to disrupt cancer cell replication. Unlike radio frequency waves, which have been proposed for this purpose, ultrasound can be easily focused onto the regions to be treated. This method has the potential for the complete eradication of the tumor.
Treating gastrointestinal cancer by intervention, intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy, intravenous micro-pump chemotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
157 cases of gastrointestinal cancer patients after resection were randomly divided into treated group and control group. The treated group (intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy combined with postoperative continuous intraarterial infusion and intravenous micro-pump chemotherapy) consisted of 72 cases, the control group (Intravenous chemotherapy), 85 cases. The peritoneal and hepatic metastasis rates and 3 a survival rate were studied. The intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy combined with the postoperative continuous intraarterial infusion and intravenous micro-pump chemotherapy is an effective way to control the recurrence on the peritoneal and hepatic metastasis of advanced gastrointestinal neoplasms after operation. (authors)
Psychological functioning in cancer patients treated with radiotherapy
Stiegelis, HE; Ranchor, AV; Sanderman, R
Although many side-effects of radiotherapy (RT) are physical, previous studies have shown that patients, when treated with RT, also experience psychological problems. This review describes the psychological functioning of cancer patients prior to, during, and after RT. Moreover, we examined whether
Parathyroid cancer - difficult diagnosis - a case report.
Pyzik, Aleksandra Joanna; Matyjaszek-Matuszek, Beata; Zwolak, Agnieszka; Chrapko, Beata; Pyzik, Dawid; Strawa-Zakościelna, Katarzyna
Parathyroid cancer is a rare disorder of unclear etiology that is difficult to diagnose and treat. It is most often diagnosed incidentally based on multi-organ non-specific symptoms of hypercalcemia as a consequence of parathyroid hormone oversecretion. We present a case of a male with primary hyperparathyroidism who was diagnosed with parathyroid cancer ectopically located in the mediastinum only after the third surgery. However, due to chronic hypercalcemia, problems with localization and a bad clinical condition, the patient was not able to undergo a radical resection and one year after the first pathological fracture died. Taking into consideration the whole clinical picture we want to emphasize the need to apply comprehensive differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia and localization diagnosis of parathyroid tissue with a use of MIBI scintigraphy accompanied by the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, as the most specific diagnostic tools employed in this pathology. PMID:26838944
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Prajapati P M.
Full Text Available Gene therapy is the process of introducing genetic material RNA or DNA into a person's cells to fight disease. Gene therapy treats disease by either replacing damaged or missing genes with normal ones, or by providing new genes. The concept of gene therapy was born more than thirty years ago; however, new technology is opening the door to dramatically new possibilities in the treatment of cancers of all kinds. The long-term goal of cancer gene therapy is to develop treatments that attack only cancer cells, thereby eliminating adverse effects on the body and improving the possibility to cure disease. Gene therapy may someday soon make cancer a manageable disease with nominal side effects to the patients. Furthermore, since gene therapy has potential for other diseases such as cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, sickle-cell anemia, muscular dystrophy and Parkinson's, the value of research and discovery has broad applications.
Secretory breast cancer. Case report.
Lombardi, A; Maggi, S; Bersigotti, L; Lazzarin, G; Nuccetelli, E; Amanti, C
Secretory carcinoma of the breast is a rare tumor initially described in children but occurring equally in adult population. This unusual breast cancer subtype has a generally favorable prognosis, although several cases have been described in adults with increased aggressiveness and a risk of metastases. However, surgery is still considered the most appropriate treatment for this pathology. We describe the case of a 50 -year-old woman who has undergone a breast conservative surgery for a little tumor, preoperatively diagnosticated by a fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) as a well differentiated infiltrating carcinoma.
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
杨毅红; 周爽; 李霞
@@ LI Shi-zhen, a great physician and natural-ist in the Ming Dynasty, says in his famousmedical book Ben Cao Gang Mu ( Compendiumof Materia Medica,),"moxibus-tion therapy may dredge meridians to cure manykinds of diseases including some severe lingeringdisorders". Moxibustion is an important compo-nent of traditional Chinese medicine. The authorof the present paper adopted moxibustion thera-py to treat some refractory diseases and achievedsatisfactory results.
Treating cancer stem cells and cancer metastasis using glucose-coated gold nanoparticles
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Hu C
Full Text Available Chenxia Hu,1 Martin Niestroj,2,3 Daniel Yuan,4 Steven Chang,5 Jie Chen5,6 1Faculty of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; 2Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; 3Physics Department, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany; 4Biomedical Engineering Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; 5Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; 6Canadian National Research Council/National Institute for Nanotechnology, Edmonton, AB, Canada Abstract: Cancer ranks among the leading causes of human mortality. Cancer becomes intractable when it spreads from the primary tumor site to various organs (such as bone, lung, liver, and then brain. Unlike solid tumor cells, cancer stem cells and metastatic cancer cells grow in a non-attached (suspension form when moving from their source to other locations in the body. Due to the non-attached growth nature, metastasis is often first detected in the circulatory systems, for instance in a lymph node near the primary tumor. Cancer research over the past several decades has primarily focused on treating solid tumors, but targeted therapy to treat cancer stem cells and cancer metastasis has yet to be developed. Because cancers undergo faster metabolism and consume more glucose than normal cells, glucose was chosen in this study as a reagent to target cancer cells. In particular, by covalently binding gold nanoparticles (GNPs with thio-PEG (polyethylene glycol and thio-glucose, the resulting functionalized GNPs (Glu-GNPs were created for targeted treatment of cancer metastasis and cancer stem cells. Suspension cancer cell THP-1 (human monocytic cell line derived from acute monocytic leukemia patients was selected because it has properties similar to cancer stem cells and has been used as a metastatic cancer cell model for in vitro studies. To take advantage of cancer cells' elevated glucose consumption
Sexual dysfunctions in men treated for testicular cancer
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Rosendal, Susanne; Kristensen, Ellids; Giraldi, Annamaria G E
Patients treated for testicular cancer have increased risk of ejaculatory, orgasmic and erectile dysfunction compared with healthy men. The underlying relations are unclear. This review describes sexual dysfunctions that are associated with various treatment modalities. One meta-analysis and 11...... original works were examined. About one third of the patients experience one or more sexual problems in relation to the treatment. Only retroperitoneal surgery can cause a specific sexual dysfunction, namely loss of ejaculation ability or ejaculatory functioning. Psychosexual causes are important...... for understanding sexual dysfunctions in patients with testicular cancer....
Bilateral breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery and definitive irradiation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Objective: To assess whether patients with early stage bilateral breast cancer can be treated with definitive irradiation following breast-conserving surgery with acceptable survival, local control, complication rates, and cosmetic outcomes. Material and Methods: We reviewed 55 cases of patients with synchronous or sequential bilateral breast cancer treated with definitive irradiation following breast-conserving surgery at our institution from 1977 to 1992. Analysis of cases was limited to women who were AJCC clinical Stage 0, I, and II. The records of these 55 patients with 110 treated breasts were reviewed for tumor size, histology, AJCC stage, pathologic axillary lymph nodes status, first and overall site(s) of failure, and adjuvant chemotherapy or hormonal therapy. Analysis regarding matching technique, cosmetic outcome, and complication rate was also performed. The 5- and 10-year overall survival (OS), no evidence of disease (NED) survival, relapse-free survival (RFS), and local control rates were evaluated. Twelve women (22%) presented with synchronous bilateral carcinoma, and 43 women (78%) had sequential bilateral carcinoma. Of the 12 patients with synchronous cancer, 5 received adjuvant chemotherapy, 2 received Tamoxifen, and 1 received both adjuvant therapies. Of the 43 patients with sequential cancer, 6 received chemotherapy, 1 received Tamoxifen, and 1 received both adjuvant therapies for the first cancer treatment; seven received chemotherapy and 6 received Tamoxifen for the second cancer treatment. Results: The median age at the time of treatment of the first cancer was 56 years (range 26-86 years). For the 12 patients with synchronous cancer, the median follow-up was 48 months (range 9-164). For the 43 patients with sequential cancer, the median follow-up was 112 months (range 52-188 months) after the first cancer, and 59 months (range 11-153 months) after the second. The median dose delivered was 64 Gy (range 42-72 Gy) using a combination of
Properties of resistant cells generated from lung cancer cell lines treated with EGFR inhibitors
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling plays an important role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and therapeutics targeted against EGFR have been effective in treating a subset of patients bearing somatic EFGR mutations. However, the cancer eventually progresses during treatment with EGFR inhibitors, even in the patients who respond to these drugs initially. Recent studies have identified that the acquisition of resistance in approximately 50% of cases is due to generation of a secondary mutation (T790M) in the EGFR kinase domain. In about 20% of the cases, resistance is associated with the amplification of MET kinase. In the remaining 30-40% of the cases, the mechanism underpinning the therapeutic resistance is unknown. An erlotinib resistant subline (H1650-ER1) was generated upon continuous exposure of NSCLC cell line NCI-H1650 to erlotinib. Cancer stem cell like traits including expression of stem cell markers, enhanced ability to self-renew and differentiate, and increased tumorigenicity in vitro were assessed in erlotinib resistant H1650-ER1 cells. The erlotinib resistant subline contained a population of cells with properties similar to cancer stem cells. These cells were found to be less sensitive towards erlotinib treatment as measured by cell proliferation and generation of tumor spheres in the presence of erlotinib. Our findings suggest that in cases of NSCLC accompanied by mutant EGFR, treatment targeting inhibition of EGFR kinase activity in differentiated cancer cells may generate a population of cancer cells with stem cell properties
紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期胃癌60例临床研究%Paclitaxel Combined with Oxaliplatin for Treating Advanced Gastric Cancer in 60 Cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of paclitaxel combined with oxaliplatin in the treatment of advanced gastric can-cer. Methods Totally 120 patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,60 cases in each group. The observation group was given paclitaxel,oxaliplatin,leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil,while the control group was given the chemotherapy treatment with oxaliplatin,5-fluorouracil and leucovorin. Results The total effective rate in the ob-servation group was 56. 67%,which was significantly higher than 46. 67% in the control group ( P ﹤ 0. 05);The CEA,CA199 andβ2-MG after treatment in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with before treatment,and the observation group de-creased more obviously( P ﹤ 0. 05);the main chemotherapy adverse reactions were bone marrow transplant,nausea and vomiting,hepatic injury and hair loss,the occurrence rate of adverse reactions in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group( P ﹤ 0. 05),and there was no serious adverse reactions occurred in the two groups. Conclusion Paclitaxel combined with oxali-platinin in treating advanced gastric cancer has good effect with less adverse reactions,and is worthy of clinical promotion.%目的:探讨紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂为主的化学治疗(简称化疗)方案治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效。方法选取医院收治的晚期胃癌患者120例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各60例。观察组患者给予紫杉醇、奥沙利铂、亚叶酸钙、5-氟尿嘧啶,对照组患者给予奥沙利铂、氟尿嘧啶和亚叶酸钙化疗。结果观察组患者总有效率为56.67%,明显高于对照组的46.67%( P﹤0.05);两组患者治疗后的血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖抗原(CA199)及β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)均较治疗前显著降低,且观察组显著低于对照组( P﹤0.05);化疗不良反应类型主要有骨髓�
New Therapeutics to Treat Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Ömer Acar; Tarık Esen; Lack, Nathan A.
Hindawi Publishing Corporation The ScientificWorld Journal Volume 2013, Article ID 379641, 8 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/379641 Review Article New Therapeutics to Treat Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer Ömer Acar,1 TarJk Esen,1,2 and Nathan A. Lack1 1 VKF American Hospital, Guzelbahce sokak, Nisantasi, Istanbul 34365, Turkey 2 School of Medicine, Koc¸ University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey Correspondence should be addressed to Natha...
Overprotective caregivers of elderly cancer patients: a case report.
Basso, Umberto; Brunello, Antonella; Magro, Cristina; Favaretto, Adolfo; Monfardini, Silvio
The essential role of the caregiver in the management of elderly cancer patients is still poorly documented. This case report concerns a woman with metastatic lung carcinoma who was sincerely informed and successfully treated with chemotherapy and gefitinib only after gaining the trust of her overprotective daughter. Devoting time to the relatives represents a key element to create a communicative and efficient relationship with older cancer patients. PMID:17036533
Three Typical Dermatological Cases Treated by Dr. Li Yueping
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Xie Shaoqiong
@@ Dr. Li Yueping has been engaged in dermatological clinic for more than 40 years, accumulating rich experience in treating dermatological diseases. The following is three typical cases she gave successful treatment.
Acute Lymphangitis Treated by Moxibustion with Garlic in 118 Cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@ In recent years, the author has treated 118 cases of acute lymphangitis (usually called red-thread furuncle in TCM) by moxibustion with garlic and achieved good therapeutic results. It is briefly introduced as follows.
Hypo-fractionated radiotherapy of breast cancer: long term results of a set of 80 cases treated in the radiotherapy department of the Oran university hospital; Radiotherapie hypofractionnee dans le cancer du sein: resultats a long terme d'une serie de 80 cas traites dans le service de radiotherapie du centre hospitalier universitaire d'Oran
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Boukerche, A.; Yahia, A.; Madouri, R.; Belmiloud, H.; Dali-Youcef, A.F. [Service de radiotherapie, CHU d' Oran, Oran (Algeria)
The authors report the assessment of the local and locoregional control and of the acute and late toxicity of adjuvant hypo-fractionated radiotherapy in breast cancer treatment. During 1998, 80 women have been treated by conservative or radical surgery and hypo-fractionated tele-cobalto-therapy (36 Gy in five fractions of 3 Gy a week, and a boost of 15 Gy in five fractions in case of conservative surgery). Results are discussed in terms of local and locoregional recurrence, tolerance, late toxicity, global survival, and tumour classification. The irradiation scheme seems perfectly achievable but a greater number of patients and a longer follow-up are required to better assess the efficiency and aesthetic results. Short communication
Motexafin Gadolinium and Doxorubicin in Treating Patients With Advanced Cancer
Breast Cancer; Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders; Colorectal Cancer; Head and Neck Cancer; Leukemia; Lung Cancer; Lymphoma; Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm; Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Diseases; Prostate Cancer; Small Intestine Cancer; Unspecified Adult Solid Tumor, Protocol Specific
Combination of internal radiation therapy and hyperthermia to treat liver cancer
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Grady, E.D.; McLaren, J.; Auda, S.P.; McGinley, P.H.
Sixteen patients were treated for liver cancer (primary and metastatic) by a combination of internal radiation therapy with intra-arterial yttrium 90 microspheres and regional hyperthermia with electromagnetic radiation. Four patients have their liver disease apparently controlled; two had a partial regression of more than 50%; and two had a partial regression of less than 50%. The complications consisted of one case of radiation hepatitis and one of peptic ulcer.
Second Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Three Years After Successfully Treated Index Esophageal Cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Nina Nandy
Full Text Available Context Development of a second primary malignancy after an index esophageal cancer is a rare event, primarily due to short survival of patients with esophageal cancer. However, the number of long-term esophageal cancer survivors has been increasing due to advances in early detection and therapy. Case report We report herein a case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma that developed three years after a successfully treated early-stage adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. A 70-year-old Caucasian male presented with vague complaints of nausea, vomiting and abdominal distention, with subsequent development of jaundice. A computed tomography scan of abdomen revealed a 2.9 cm soft tissue mass in the head of the pancreas and the patient underwent a Whipple's procedure, with pathology confirming the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Three years previously, the patient was successfully treated for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus via minimally invasive esophagogastrectomy. Despite chemoradiotherapy for localized disease and subsequent systemic chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer, the patient eventually succumbed to his illness. Conclusion We discuss the association between esophageal cancer and subsequent second malignancies, along with implications for surveillance and therapy.
Retrospective analysis of 119 Chinese noninflammatory locally advanced breast cancer cases treated with intravenous combination of vinorelbine and epirubicin as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a median follow-up of 63.4 months
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
This study is a retrospective evaluation of the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) with a vinorelbine (V) and epirubicin (E) intravenous combination regimen and is aimed at identification of predictive markers for the long-term outcome in noninflammatory locally advanced breast cancer (NLABC). One-hundred-and-nineteen patients with NLABC were identified from September 2001 to May 2006. Analysis was performed in March 2008, with a median follow-up of 63.4 months (range, 9-76 months). All patients were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer using 14 G core needle biopsy and treated with three cycles of VE before surgery. Local-regional radiotherapy was offered to all patients after the completion of chemotherapy followed by hormonal therapy according to hormone receptor status. Tissue sections cut from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks from biopsy specimens and postoperative tumor tissues were stained for the presence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), HER-2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor-2), and MIB-1(Ki-67). Patients characteristics were median age 52 years (range: 25-70 years); clinical TNM stage, stage IIB (n = 32), stage IIIA (n = 56), stage IIIB (n = 22) and stage IIIC (n = 9). All patients were evaluable for response: clinically complete response was documented in 27 patients (22.7%); 78 (65.6%) obtained partial response; stable disease was observed in 13 (10.9%); 1 patient (0.8%) had progressive disease. Pathological complete response was found in 22 cases (18.5%). Seventy-five patients were alive with no recurrence after a median follow-up of 63.4 months, the 5-year rates for disease-free survival and overall survival were 58.7% and 71.3%, respectively, after the start of NC. On multivariate analysis, the independent variables associated with increased risk of relapse and death were high pre-Ki-67(p = 0.012, p = 0.017, respectively), high post-Ki-67 expression (p = 0.045, p = 0.001, respectively), and non-pCR (p = 0
Double-blinded, Controlled, Randomized Study of Dihydrocodeine Tartrate vs Codeine Phosphate in Treating Cancer Pain
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
WANGJiejun; ZOUJianjun; GAOYong; XUQing; CAOChuanwu; QIANJianxin; XUDefeng; PANHuijun
Objective: To compare the effects and adverse reactions of dihydrocodeine tartrate and codeine phosphate in treating moderate cancer pain. Methods: Sixty-nine cases of cancer patients with moderate pain were treated with dihydrocodeine tartrate or codeine phosphate respectively by double-blind,controlled randomized methods and the effects and adverse reactions were observed. Results: After administration of dihydrocodeine tartrate or codeine phosphate, in treatment group or control group, the total effective rate was 86.6% and 93.6%, and common adverse symptoms included constipation (31.3%/12.9%),nausea (18.8%/19.7%), gastric trouble (18.8%/19.7%), skin pruritus (12.5%/10%), vomit (9.3% and 6.5%) with the difference being not significant. Conclusion: The effects of dihydrocodeine tartrate in treating moderate cancer pain are similar to codeine phosphate. Both them can be used to treat moderate cancer pain.
Defining AML and MDS second cancer risk dynamics after diagnoses of first cancers treated or not with radiation.
Radivoyevitch, T; Sachs, R K; Gale, R P; Molenaar, R J; Brenner, D J; Hill, B T; Kalaycio, M E; Carraway, H E; Mukherjee, S; Sekeres, M A; Maciejewski, J P
Risks of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and/or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are known to increase after cancer treatments. Their rise-and-fall dynamics and their associations with radiation have, however, not been fully characterized. To improve risk definition we developed SEERaBomb R software for Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results second cancer analyses. Resulting high-resolution relative risk (RR) time courses were compared, where possible, to results of A-bomb survivor analyses. We found: (1) persons with prostate cancer receiving radiation therapy have increased RR of AML and MDS that peak in 1.5-2.5 years; (2) persons with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), lung and breast first cancers have the highest RR for AML and MDS over the next 1-12 years. These increased RR are radiation specific for lung and breast cancer but not for NHL; (3) AML latencies were brief compared to those of A-bomb survivors; and (4) there was a marked excess risk of acute promyelocytic leukemia in persons receiving radiation therapy. Knowing the type of first cancer, if it was treated with radiation, the interval from first cancer diagnosis to developing AML or MDS, and the type of AML, can improve estimates of whether AML or MDS cases developing in this setting are due to background versus other processes. PMID:26460209
Prostate cancer treated with HIFU: A 10-year experience
Chapelon, Jean-Yves; Curiel, Laura; Gelet, Albert
Objectives: To evaluate our overall experience in HIFU in the prostate cancer application, for its two main indications: as a primary care and as a salvage therapy after radiation. Material and method: Group 1: patients treated with HIFU as primary care for localized prostate cancer, with a baseline PSA level lower than 30 ng/ml, and with at least 1 year of follow-up were included in this analysis. Group 2: patients with a local recurrence after radiation. They were all treated using the Ablatherm HIFU device (EDAP S.A., France). Results: Group 1: n=242 patients. The mean nadir PSA was 0.63 sd 1.30 ng/ml, and further follow-up evidenced a 81% negative biopsy rate. These results are influenced by the usual prognostic factors (clinical stage, baseline PSA, Gleason score), and, as for the other treatment option, the nadir allows prediction of the patient outcome. Group 2: n=71 patients. After HIFU treatment, 80% of the patients presented negative biopsies, and 61% had a nadir PSA level lower than 0.5 ng/ml, obtained within 3 months. No rectal injury occurred since the use of specific parameters. Conclusion: Transrectal HIFU is a valuable option for prostate cancer, for primary care as well as for salvage therapy.
The pitfalls of treating anorectal conditions after radiotherapy for prostate cancer.
LENUS (Irish Health Repository)
Thornhill, J A
We present a salutary lesson learned from three cases with significant complications that followed anorectal intervention in the presence of radiation proctitis due to prior radiotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. After apparent routine rubber band ligation for painful haemorrhoids, one patient developed a colo-cutaneous fistula. Following laser coagulation for radiation proctitis, one patient required a pelvic exenteration for a fistula, while another developed a rectal stenosis. Those diagnosing and treating colonic conditions should be mindful of the increased prevalence of patients who have had radiotherapy for prostate cancer and the potential for complications in treating these patients.
艾迪注射液联合放化疗治疗中晚期肺癌40例%Addie Injection Combined with Chemotherapy in Treating Advanced Lung Cancer of 40 Cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Objective; To observe Addie injection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. Method: Agreed with the diagnosis standard, 80 cases of esophageal cancer patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 40 cases in each group. In the control group chemotherapy ( DDP 25 mg · m-2d 1-3 PF scheme, 5-FU 750 mg · m-2 d 1-5) was carried out for 2 weeks. In third week with TP regimen (TAX 135 mg ? m~2 d 1, DDP 25 mg · m-2d 1-3) was given. At the same time using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, 5 times/ week, for 2 consecutive weeks. The observation group at the start of therapy was given Addie injection intravenous drip, 2 times a day. The 2 groups were treated for 4 weeks. Result; The comptete releasing rate in observation group was 52. 50% , 35% in control group, there was a significant difference; the total efficiency in treatment group was 95% , 77.50% in control group, there was a significant difference ( P < 0. 05 ) . For bone marrow toxicity reaction, peripheral neurotoxicity reaction, vomiting and other toxicities, the differences between the 2 groups were statistically significant ( P < 0. 05 ). Appetite, sleep, daily activity, state of mind, emotions, and interest in life, the 2 groups before and after treatment group there was a significant difference ( P < 0. 05). The treatment groups was better than the control gnoup ( P < 0. 05 ).. In 2 groups of patients, the major adverse reactions to bone marrow depression and nausea, anorexia, in particular, rash, white blood cell, hemoglobin, thrombocytopenia and impairment of renal function had no significant difference. Conclusion; Addie injection combined with FP, TP sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy for advanced lung cancer, the clinical curative effect is remarkable, can improve the quality of life.%目的:观察艾迪注射液联合放化疗治疗中晚期肺癌的临床疗效.方法:将符合纳入标准的80例中晚期肺癌�
Psychological distress and intervention in cancer patients treated with radiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Background. Common side effects of treatment with radiation therapy (RT) often cause psychophysical distress in cancer patients. Anxiety, adjustment disorders and depression (which are according to many studies experienced in about half of the oncological population) might originate some serious psychiatric forms of mood disorders and can even culminate in suicide, if not treated appropriately. There are some groups of cancer patients who are especially vulnerable and among them are cancer patients undergoing RT - they should receive special attention from medical staff. The purpose of this review is to present a variety of psychosocial interventions and illustrate some methods that are (or could be) used in psycho-oncology practice. Conclusions. A large body of literature suggests that the first intervention step should be effective screening for patients in distress. In regard to these proposals the development of (computerized) screening programmes is the first measure that ought to be taken. Moreover, further systematical research of traditional, non-traditional and complementary intervention strategies in cancer patients in distress would be necessary in order to provide reliable empirical results about the effectiveness of different approaches. (author)
Potential use of custirsen to treat prostate cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Higano CS
Full Text Available Celestia S Higano Department of Medicine, University of Washington, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA Abstract: Over the last few years, five agents have demonstrated a survival benefit over a comparator treatment or placebo in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration: sipuleucel-T (a dendritic cell immunotherapy; cabazitaxel; abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide (both hormonal agents; and radium 223 (an alpha emitter. The development of these agents pivoted on whether patients had been treated with docetaxel, which remains the first-line chemotherapy of choice. To date, no combination of docetaxel and another active agent has demonstrated superiority to docetaxel alone despite numerous Phase III trials. Clusterin is a cytoprotective chaperone protein that is upregulated in response to various anticancer therapies. When overexpressed, clusterin interferes with apoptotic signaling, thereby promoting cell survival and conferring broad-spectrum resistance in cancer cell lines. Custirsen (OGX-011 is a second-generation 2´-methoxyethyl modified phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide that inhibits expression of clusterin. This review presents the preclinical and clinical data that provided the rationale for the combination of custirsen with chemotherapy in ongoing Phase III trials. Keywords: castration-resistant prostate cancer, clusterin, custirsen, OGX-011, antisense, OGX-427, apoptosis
Case reports and the fight against cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Dib Elie G
Full Text Available Abstract Some of the earliest case reports describing individual patients afflicted with cancer can be traced all the way back to the papyrus records of Ancient Egyptian medicine of approximately 1600 B.C.. Throughout the centuries physicians have continued the practice of writing case reports. Case reporting has provided significant advances in the knowledge of cancer on several fronts. It is without question that case reports do not replace well designed randomized clinical trials in advancing medical knowledge about cancerous diseases. However, case reports have their unique role in evidence-based medicine and often constitute the first line of evidence. This editorial reviews the many useful aspects of case reports and describes specific reports known to have revolutionized cancer management. Journal of Medical Case Reports is committed to publish well written case reports from around the world and be a source of inspiration for clinicians and scientists about newer research directions.
Case reports and the fight against cancer.
Dib, Elie G; Kidd, Michael R; Saltman, Deborah C
Some of the earliest case reports describing individual patients afflicted with cancer can be traced all the way back to the papyrus records of Ancient Egyptian medicine of approximately 1600 B.C.. Throughout the centuries physicians have continued the practice of writing case reports. Case reporting has provided significant advances in the knowledge of cancer on several fronts. It is without question that case reports do not replace well designed randomized clinical trials in advancing medical knowledge about cancerous diseases. However, case reports have their unique role in evidence-based medicine and often constitute the first line of evidence. This editorial reviews the many useful aspects of case reports and describes specific reports known to have revolutionized cancer management. Journal of Medical Case Reports is committed to publish well written case reports from around the world and be a source of inspiration for clinicians and scientists about newer research directions. PMID:18254961
Robotic Radiosurgery. Treating prostata cancer and related genitourinary applications
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among North American and European men, but its treatment continues to be problematic owing to serious side-effects, including erectile dysfunction, urinary incontinence, and potential lower GI complications. Robotic radiosurgery offers a novel, rapid, non-invasive outpatient treatment option for prostate cancer that combines robotics, advanced image-guided motion detection, and automated real-time corrective spatial positioning with submillimeter precision. This book examines all aspects of the treatment of prostate cancer with robotic radiosurgery. After introductory sections on radiosurgery as a multidisciplinary practice and specific issues relating to prostate cancer, the important challenge posed by prostate motion when administering radiation therapy is examined in depth, with detailed discussion as to how image-guided robotic radiosurgery overcomes this problem by continously identifying the precise location of the prostate throughout the course of treatment. A further major section is devoted to a discussion of techniques and potential radiobiological and clinical advantages of hypofractionated radiation delivery by means of robotic radiosurgery systems. The book closes by discussing other emerging genitourinary applications of robotic radiosurgery. All of the authors are experts in their field who present a persuasive case for this fascinating technique. (orig.)
Robotic Radiosurgery. Treating prostata cancer and related genitourinary applications
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ponsky, Lee E. (ed.) [Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH (United States). University Hospitals Case Medical Center
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among North American and European men, but its treatment continues to be problematic owing to serious side-effects, including erectile dysfunction, urinary incontinence, and potential lower GI complications. Robotic radiosurgery offers a novel, rapid, non-invasive outpatient treatment option for prostate cancer that combines robotics, advanced image-guided motion detection, and automated real-time corrective spatial positioning with submillimeter precision. This book examines all aspects of the treatment of prostate cancer with robotic radiosurgery. After introductory sections on radiosurgery as a multidisciplinary practice and specific issues relating to prostate cancer, the important challenge posed by prostate motion when administering radiation therapy is examined in depth, with detailed discussion as to how image-guided robotic radiosurgery overcomes this problem by continously identifying the precise location of the prostate throughout the course of treatment. A further major section is devoted to a discussion of techniques and potential radiobiological and clinical advantages of hypofractionated radiation delivery by means of robotic radiosurgery systems. The book closes by discussing other emerging genitourinary applications of robotic radiosurgery. All of the authors are experts in their field who present a persuasive case for this fascinating technique. (orig.)
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Gregorio Sampalmieri
Full Text Available Penis cancer appears as a small lesion that extends gradually to affect the whole of the glans and the shaft of the penis. Its peak incidence is in men aged 40 to 70 years. The most frequent malignant penis tumour is squamous cell carcinoma, which occurrence is probably favoured by smegma accumulation, HPV16 and 18 infection, smoke, and balanitis xerotica obliterans. Here we discuss the case of a 74-year-old man with sovrapubic pain and swelling. Physical examination reveals swollen glans with purulent secretions and oedema. The final diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma is established by means of RMN and biopsy. Partial penectomy surgery follows. Histopathological examination shows poorly differentiated endophytic infiltrative growth. The tumour infiltrates corpus spongiosum, corpora cavernosa, and urethra. The proximal uretheral stump is free from infiltration (pT3.http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/cmi.v8i2.906
The mechanisms of photodynamic action for treating of cancer patients
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
A. L. Akopov
Full Text Available Current views on mechanisms of therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy for treating of cancer patients are represented. The history of formation and development of the method is described. The main requirements for agents used as photosensitizers are listed. Detailed review of main photosensitizers used in clinical practice in Russia and in foreign countries with their chemical structure, main spectral characteristics was performed. Methods of its application, therapeutic dose ranges, indications, specifi c pharmacokinetic properties and side-effects are briefl y outlined. Advantages and disadvantages of the most popular modern photosensitizers, main mechanisms of entry of photosensitizers of different chemical structure into cancer cells are observed. Three main possible component of anti-tumor effect: direct damage of cancer cells, impairment of vascular stroma of tumor and elimination of tumor due to immune cells are shown and closely discussed. Necrosis and apotosis of neovascular net which are main development trends of anti-tumor action for photodynamic therapy are noticed.
Two cases of surgically treated feline patellar fractures.
Guillaumot, P; Scotti, S; Carozzo, C; Bouvy, B; Genevois, J-P
A transverse patellar fracture in a six-month-old cat was successfully treated by figure-of-eight dorsal wiring of the patella. A longitudinal patellar fracture with luxation of a large medial fragment in a 2.5-year-old cat was treated by lateral marginal patellectomy with a positive outcome. While adding material to the few veterinary reports in that species, in this brief communication, the authors discuss the aetiology, diagnosis, and the treatment of the presented cases with regards to findings in previously published feline cases. PMID:18545720
Hair cortisol measurement in mitotane-treated adrenocortical cancer patients.
Manenschijn, L; Quinkler, M; van Rossum, E F C
The only approved drug for the treatment of adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is mitotane. Mitotane is adrenolytic and therefore, hydrocortisone replacement therapy is necessary. Since mitotane increases cortisol binding globulin (CBG) and induces CYP3A4 activity, high doses of hydrocortisone are thought to be required. Evaluation of hydrocortisone therapy in mitotane-treated patients has been difficult since there is no good marker to evaluate hydrocortisone therapy. Measurement of cortisol in scalp hair is a novel method that offers the opportunity to measure long-term cortisol levels. Our aim was to evaluate whether hair cortisol measurements could be useful in evaluating recent hydrocortisone treatment in mitotane-treated ACC patients. Hair cortisol levels were measured in 15 mitotane-treated ACC patients on hydrocortisone substitution and 96 healthy individuals. Cortisol levels were measured in 3 cm hair segments, corresponding to a period of 3 months. Hair cortisol levels were higher in ACC patients compared to healthy individuals (pcortisol levels above the reference range. None of the patients had hair cortisol levels below normal. In contrast to hydrocortisone doses (β=0.03, p=0.93), hair cortisol levels were associated with BMI (β=0.53, p=0.042). There was no correlation between hair cortisol levels and hydrocortisone doses (β=0.41, p=0.13). Almost half of the ACC patients had high hair cortisol levels, suggesting long-term over-substitution of hydrocortisone in some of the patients, whereas none of the patients was under-substituted. Hair cortisol measurements might be useful in long-term monitoring hydrocortisone treatment in mitotane-treated ACC patients.
Hormone profiles in women treated for cervical cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Some investigators believe that the protective effect of radiotherapy is hormonally mediated. To determine whether ovarian radiation affects serum hormone levels differently from surgical removal of the ovaries, serum estradiol, estrone, testosterone and androstenedione were evaluated by radioimmunoassay in 320 women (203 irradiated and 117 nonirradiated) from six US clinics participating in a large international cohort study of women treated for cervical cancer since the 1960's. Overall, estradiol levels were similar for both treatment groups, while estrone, testosterone and androstenedione levels were somewhat lower in irradiated women than in nonirradiated women after adjustment for year of birth. Notably, among women in both groups whose treatment included bilateral oophorectomy, irradiated women consistently had lower levels of androstenedione, testosterone and estrone but similar levels of estradiol
Profile of Cancer Cases at a Tertiary Care Level Teaching Hospital in Rural Western Maharashtra, India
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jayant D Deshpande , Kailash K Singh , Deepak B Phalke
Full Text Available Background: Cancer is one of the major public health problems worldwide. Prevalence and pattern of cancer is known to vary from region to region. Epidemiological information on cancer including the pattern is an important basis for determining the priorities for cancer control in any population group. Objective: Present work is an attempt to study magnitude, profile and some epidemiological aspects in relation to cancer cases at a tertiary care level teaching hospital in rural area. Method: All records were studied and analyzed. A total of 1106 patients were treated during the period studied. A proforma was used to collect data such as age, sex, place of residence, type of cancers and treatment given. The data collected were entered into MS-Excel sheets and analysis was carried out. The information obtained was tabulated analyzed using the software GraphPad Instat demo version. Results: A total of 1106 cancer patients were treated during the January 2010 to December 2010. Among these, 626(56.60 were females and 480(43.39 were females. In males, the common cancers were oral cavity cancers, lung cancers and GIT cancers. The most common cancers among females were the cervical carcinomas, which constituted 32.10% of the total number of cancers cases followed by cancers of breast. Almost 2/3rd of cases occurred in the age group of 41 to 70 years. Maximum frequency was observed in 51–60 year age group in both sexes. Maximum numbers (74.59% of the cases were from rural area. The main methods of cancer treatment were surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, used alone or in combination. Conclusion: Tobacco and alcohol related cancers predominated in males. In females, cervical cancer predominated over breast cancer. Human behavior is a major determinant in the successful control of cancer. Understanding cancer magnitude, risk and trends will be of help in cancer control.
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
李兰敏; 欧阳颀; 张立夫
In the present paper, 58 prostatic hypertrophy patients were treated with electroacupuncture (EA) therapy. Their ages ranged from 50 to above 70 years in 38 cases and above 80 years in 20 cases. Main acupoints were Qugu (CV 2), Henggu (KI 11), Shuidao (ST 28) and Guanyuan (CV 4) in combination with auxiliary acupoints Zhonglushu (BL 29), Huiyang (BL 35) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) which were stimulated with EA Therapeutic Apparatus for 30min. After treatment, of the 58 cases, 36 were cured, accounting for 62 %, 20 had marked effect, accounting for 34%, and 2 had no any effectiveness, accounting for 3%. The total effective rate was 96%.
A clinical study on salvage hepatectomy for treating recurrent liver cancer after radiofrequency ablation
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Qing Xiong; Xiaobin Feng; Jun Yan; Feng Xia; Xiaowu Li; Kuansheng Ma ; Ping Bie
Objective We studied the ef icacy of salvage hepatectomy for treating recurrent hepatic cancer after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods A retrospective analysis of 67 patients who had recurrent liver cancer after RFA treatment and received salvage hepatectomy in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Mili-tary Medical University (China), from January 2006 to January 2014, was performed. The analysis included patient gender, age, hepatitis type, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and TNM stage prior to RFA and salvage hepatectomy, overal survival rates, and tumor-free survival rates after salvage hepatectomy. Results Among the 67 patients, there were 57 cases of hepatitis B, two cases of hepatitis C, and eight cases did not have hepatitis. AFP levels in patients ranged from 3 to 4521 ng/mL (median 33 ng/mL). Before RFA, 54 cases were stage I tumors, and 13 were stage II tumors. Tumor sizes varied from 0.82 to 4.83 cm (median 3.0 cm). In 20 cases, one RFA was performed, and for 47 cases, RFA was repeated. RFA-ablated region diameters ranged from 3.8 to 5.2 cm (median 4.5 cm). The interval between the salvage surgical resection and RFA was 3–37 months. Before salvage hepatectomy, 23 stage I tumors, 12 stage II tumors, and 32 stage III tumors were present (size ranged 4.83–11.84 cm; median 6.3 cm). For salvage hepatectomy, laparotomy was performed for 56 cases, and laparoscopy was performed for 28 cases. Inflow clamping was performed for 39 cases (15–45 min). Surgery was 219–370 min and intraoperative blood loss was 100–2100 mL. For 13 cases, intraoperative blood transfusion was required. Tumor pathological data revealed 31, 35, and 1 poorly, moderately, and wel dif erentiated tumors, respectively. No patients died due to operative complications, and hospital stays were 8–10 days. Overal and tumor-free survival rates were 85% and 79% for 1 year, 50% and 20% for 3 years, and 39% and 19% for 5 years, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis
Clinical Usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the Detection of Early Recurrence in Treated Cervical Cancer Patients with Unexplained Elevation of Serum Tumor Markers
Chong, Ari; Ha, Jung-Min; Jeong, Shin Young; Song, Ho-Chun; Min, Jung Joon; Bom, Hee-Seung; Choi, Ho-Sun
We investigated the diagnostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for restaging of treated uterine cervix squamous cell cancer with tumor maker elevation that was not explained by other conventional evaluation. We enrolled 32 cases who underwent PET/CT for the restaging of treated cervical cancer with tumor marker elevation that was not explained by recent conventional evaluation. All enrolled cases had squamous cell carcinoma. Increased ...
Exercise echocardiography in asymptomatic survivors of childhood cancer treated with anthracyclines
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Sieswerda, Elske; Kremer, Leontien C M; Vidmar, Suzanna;
BACKGROUND: Exercise echocardiography reveals abnormalities in asymptomatic childhood cancer survivors who previously have been treated with anthracyclines. We determined the added value of monitoring childhood cancer survivors with exercise echocardiography compared to monitoring with resting ec...
MAL-PDT for difficult to treat nonmelanoma skin cancer.
Stebbins, William G; Hanke, C William
With an incidence of over 3.5 million nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) per year in the United States, there is an increasing need for effective, cost-effective treatments for NMSC. When surgical excision is impractical or not feasible, methyl aminolevulinate photodynamic therapy (MAL-PDT) has demonstrated consistently high long-term cure rates ranging from 70-90%, with superior cosmetic outcomes compared with other treatment modalities. With the exception of invasive squamous cell carcinoma, MAL-PDT has been successful in treating all types of NMSC, especially in patients with multiple comorbidities, field cancerization, and lesions in cosmetically sensitive locations. Herein, a step-by-step description of the procedure for MAL-PDT is provided, followed by a review of outcomes from large clinical trials performed over the past 15 years for each variant of NMSC. After reading this review, clinicians should have a thorough understanding of the benefits and limits of MAL-PDT, and should be able to add this valuable procedure to their armamentarium of therapies for NMSC.
Indium In 111 Pentetreotide in Treating Patients With Refractory Cancer
Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors; Childhood Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis; Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumor; Head and Neck Cancer; Intraocular Melanoma; Islet Cell Tumor; Kidney Cancer; Lung Cancer; Melanoma (Skin); Neoplastic Syndrome; Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Skin; Pheochromocytoma
A case of multiple cancers in the pelvic organs after radiation for uterine cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Patients who have undergone pelvic irradiation are reported to be at an increased risk of subsequently developing malignancies of the pelvic organs. We report a case of multiple cancers in the pelvic organs after radiation therapy for uterine cancer. The patient was a 76-year-old woman who had undergone a hysterectomy with radiation therapy for uterine cancer in 1960. Thereafter, she had undergone a total cystectomy for bladder cancer in 1989; an abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer with radiation proctitis in February 1991; and a right hemicolectomy for cecum cancer in 1995. Then, in 2005, she was found to have early cancer of the sigmoid colon at the stoma, so that the colon was dissected from the periphery of the stoma, the sigmoid colon was removed, and an artificial anus was reconstructed again. The histopathological diagnosis was early well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. She had undergone three operations for multiple cancers of the large intestine in the pelvis at different times during 16 years since 1989 when the bladder cancer was detected and surgically treated. And she has been alive and well. Long-term follow-up would be mandatory for such patients undergone pelvic irradiation who might be able to survive for a long time with appropriate therapies like this patient. (author)
A Case of Refractory Giardiasis Treated with Nitazoxsanide
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Omer Coskun
Full Text Available Giardia intestinalis is the cause of both epidemic and endemic diarrhea and upset of the gastrointestinal system. There are a number of drugs whose efficacies are well studied and that have been accepted for the treatment of patients with this infection. However, some individuals experience treatment failure, despite having received successive courses of treatment that have been documented to result in a cure for most patients. Nitazoxanide has been reported to be effective against a broad range of parasites, including G. intestinalis. In this case, we present a case of drug resistance G. intestinalis treated with nitazoxanide. [TAF Prev Med Bull 2012; 11(3.000: 369-372
A Case of Plummer Disease Treated With Radioiodine Therapy
池田, 新; 横川, 正樹; 川口, 篤哉; 森山, 正浩; 守田, 美和; 山内, 美香; 杉本, 利嗣; 内田, 伸恵
A case of Plummer disease treated with radioactive iodine was described. A 74-year-old woman was examined for her thyroid mass, which had been unattended for 7 years, and was diagnosed as having Plummer disease. Laboratory tests showed high and low levels of thyroid hormones and TSH, respectively, but no clinical manifestation of hyperthyroidism was observed. Technetium 99m scintigraphy showed strong accumulation to the mass and suppressed accumulation to the normal part of the thyroid....
Current lifestyle of young adults treated for cancer in childhood.
Evans, S E; Radford, M
The aim of this study was to look at the current lifestyle of young adult survivors of childhood cancer between the ages of 16 and 30 years to document their achievements and expose any psychosocial problems. Sixty six young adult survivors were contacted and asked if they and their siblings (16-30 years) would take part in a lifestyle study; 48 patients and 38 sibling controls were interviewed. This took the form of a structured lifestyle questionnaire, a self esteem questionnaire (Oxford Psychologists Press), and an unstructured interview. Fifty five per cent of patients achieved five or more A-C grades at 'O' level/GCSE compared with 62% of siblings and a national average of 30%. Despite that these patients were significantly less likely to go on to higher education than their siblings. The two groups were equally employable and earning similar salaries. There were three cases of known employer prejudice. A slightly higher percentage of patients than siblings had their driving licence. Seventeen patients felt their appearance had changed and eight felt that they had a residual physical mobility problem. Both groups were socially active and equally likely to partake in competitive sports. There was no overall difference in the self esteem of the two groups. In general the survivors of childhood cancer were coping well in their young adult life and achieving the same lifestyle goals as their siblings. However, significant problems have been identified. PMID:7618909
External validation of nomograms for predicting cancer-specific mortality in penile cancer patients treated with definitive surgery
Yao Zhu; Wei-Jie Gu; Ding-Wei Ye; Xu-Dong Yao; Shi-Lin Zhang; Bo Dai; Hai-Liang Zhang; Yi-Jun Shen
Using a population-based cancer registry, Thuret et al. developed 3 nomograms for estimating cancer-specific mortality in men with penile squamous cell carcinoma. In the initial cohort, only 23.0% of the patients were treated with inguinal lymphadenectomy and had pN stage. To generalize the prediction models in clinical practice, we evaluated the performance of the 3 nomograms in a series of penile cancer patients who were treated with definitive surgery. Clinicopathologic information was obt...
Mortality of patients with clinically localized prostate cancer treated with observation for 10 years or longer
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Brasso, Klaus; Friis, S; Juel, K;
We studied the outcome in patients with early and probably organ confined prostate cancer who were considered candidates for curative therapy and treated expectantly.......We studied the outcome in patients with early and probably organ confined prostate cancer who were considered candidates for curative therapy and treated expectantly....
Radiation bronchitis in lung cancer patient treated with stereotactic radiation therapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
We report a case of chronic radiation bronchitis that developed in a patient with lung cancer treated with fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy. A 73-year-old woman with a medically inoperable T1N0M0 adenocarcinoma of the lung was treated with stereotactic radiation therapy. By using eight non-coplanar ports, 50 Gy/5 fractions was delivered in two weeks. At four weeks, a partial response was obtained with no acute adverse reaction. She developed severe cough at six months. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed thick circumferentially coated bronchial mucosa in close proximity to the tumor site. At 12 months, follow-up study confirmed marked stenotic change in the B6 segmental bronchus without tumor progression. (author)
A rare case of chronic endometritis treated with hysteroscopy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Neena Gupta
Full Text Available We present a case of 32 year old woman complaining of menometrorrhagia with chronic pelvic pain of following second trimester abortion. Her transabdominal ultrasound revealed chronic endometritis. She was treated with dilatation and curettage, on histopathological examination diagnosis of chronic endometritis was confirmed. Her menorrhagia was revealed but chronic pelvic pain persisted for which diagnostic hysteroscopy was planned. It revealed presence of tiny bony chips which were removed in the same setting. Intrauterine retained foetal bony chips due to previous medical termination of pregnancy were identified to be the cause of menometrorrhagia with chronic pelvic pain in the present case. Our case reiterates the importance of hysteroscopy in evaluation of such patients who are not responding to conventional medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding. [Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2013; 2(4.000: 726-727
Outcome analysis of 300 prostate cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant androgen deprivation and hypofractionated radiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Purpose: Neoadjuvant androgen deprivation and radical radiotherapy is an established treatment for localized prostate carcinoma. This study sought to analyze the outcomes of patients treated with relatively low-dose hypofractionated radiotherapy. Methods and Materials: Three hundred patients with T1-T3 prostate cancer were treated between 1996 and 2001. Patients were prescribed 3 months of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation before receiving 5250 cGy in 20 fractions. Patients' case notes and the oncology database were used to retrospectively assess outcomes. Median follow-up was 58 months. Results: Patients presented with prostate cancer with poorer prognostic indicators than that reported in other series. At 5 years, the actuarial cause-specific survival rate was 83.2% and the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relapse rate was 57.3%. Metastatic disease had developed in 23.4% of patients. PSA relapse continued to occur 5 years from treatment in all prognostic groups. Independent prognostic factors for relapse included treatment near the start of the study period, neoadjuvant oral anti-androgen monotherapy rather than neoadjuvant luteinizing hormone releasing hormone therapy, and diagnosis through transurethral resection of the prostate rather than transrectal ultrasound. Conclusion: This is the largest reported series of patients treated with neoadjuvant androgen deprivation and hypofractionated radiotherapy in the United Kingdom. Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy did not appear to adequately compensate for the relatively low effective radiation dose used
Palliative Surgery for Rare Cases of Anterior Urethral Metastasis in Prostate Cancer
Gómez Gómez, Enrique; Carrasco Aznar, Jose Carlos; Moreno Rodríguez, Maria del Mar; Valero Rosa, José; Requena Tapia, Maria José
Penis metastasis from prostate cancer is very rare, and its management varies from case to case as there are very few cases reported in the literature. We describe a patient with prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy who presented with urethral bleeding as a symptom of anterior urethral metastasis during followup. We propose a way to manage this and review the literature. PMID:25161796
Palliative Surgery for Rare Cases of Anterior Urethral Metastasis in Prostate Cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Enrique Gómez Gómez
Full Text Available Penis metastasis from prostate cancer is very rare, and its management varies from case to case as there are very few cases reported in the literature. We describe a patient with prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy who presented with urethral bleeding as a symptom of anterior urethral metastasis during followup. We propose a way to manage this and review the literature.
A Rare Case of Synchronous Saree Cancer
Naveen, N; Kumar, M Kamal; Babu, Ramesh K; Dhanraj, Prema
Skin cancers are rather uncommon malignancies comprising less than 1% of all the cancers in India. Saree cancer is a rare type of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Saree and dhoti are traditional male and female costumes respectively, which is unique to the Indian subcontinent. Constant wear of this clothing tightly around the waist results in changes in pigmentation and scaling of the skin, acanthosis, scar and ulceration and subsequent, gradual malignant changes. The process of repeated trauma over a long time and consequent interference with the healing process may rationalise the reason for malignant transformation. Few papers have been published on saree cancer, in main stream medical journals. We are presenting a rare case of saree cancer in a 68-year-old woman, with two distant bilateral ulceroproliferative growths in loin (Synchronous), along the waistline, which showed well-differentiated SCC on biopsy. Wide excision with rhomboid transposition flap was done bilaterally. PMID:25538441
A rare case of synchronous saree cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
N Naveen
Full Text Available Skin cancers are rather uncommon malignancies comprising less than 1% of all the cancers in India. Saree cancer is a rare type of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC. Saree and dhoti are traditional male and female costumes respectively, which is unique to the Indian subcontinent. Constant wear of this clothing tightly around the waist results in changes in pigmentation and scaling of the skin, acanthosis, scar and ulceration and subsequent, gradual malignant changes. The process of repeated trauma over a long time and consequent interference with the healing process may rationalise the reason for malignant transformation. Few papers have been published on saree cancer, in main stream medical journals. We are presenting a rare case of saree cancer in a 68-year-old woman, with two distant bilateral ulceroproliferative growths in loin (Synchronous, along the waistline, which showed well-differentiated SCC on biopsy. Wide excision with rhomboid transposition flap was done bilaterally.
Pseudobulbar Paralysis Treated by Acupuncture - Clinical Observation in 36 Cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@Pseudobulbar paralysis is a kind of common clinical syndromes of cerebral vascular diseases, which is manifested as dyslalia, dysphagia and choking. By several-year clinical observations, 36 cases were treated with satisfactory therapeutic effects as reported in the following. Clinical Data Of 36 in-patients, there were 24 males and 12 females, aged from 44 to 81 years, averaging 64.92 years. Of 36 cases, 24 were at the acute stage and 12 at the recovery stage. All the cases were diagnosed as cerebral vascular diseases by cranial CT scan and MRI, of which, 4 were cerebral infarction, 26 lacunar cerebral infarction, 5 cerebral hemorrhage and 1 mixed type. Of 36 cases, 15 were the first attack of wind-stroke, 15 the second attack, 5 the third attack and 1 the forth attack. There were 26 patients with hypertension among 36 cases, of which, 8 patients suffered from hypertension within 10 years, 6 for more than 10 years, 9 for more than 20 years and 3 for more than 30 years. All the 36 cases were associated with dysphagia and agreeable to Standard on Diagnosis and Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of Wind-stroke issued by the State Scientific Committee 85-919-01-01, 1995.
Determination of school-related problems in children treated for cancer.
Yilmaz, Medine C; Sari, Hatice Yildirim; Cetingul, Nazan; Kantar, Mehmet; Erermis, Serpil; Aksoylar, Serap
This descriptive and case-control study was carried out in a pediatric oncology outpatient clinic to determine the school-related physical, social, and psychological problems and problems experienced in academic achievement of children treated for cancer. The sample of the study consisted of 56 Turkish patients with cancer, aged 7-18 years, who were in remission and attending school as well as their parents, a control group of patients who did not have cancer, and their teachers. A Child Information Form, a Child Health Questionnaire Parent's Form of 50 questions, a Behavior Evaluation Scale for Children, and Young People and a Teacher's Report Form were used as data collection tools in the study. Of the children, 30.3% experienced various physical difficulties stemming from cancer therapy that affected their school life. The number of late enrollments, the number of children repeating a grade, and the rates of school absenteeism were also found to be higher in the survivors than in the controls.
Prevalence and predictors of cognitive dysfunction in opioid-treated patients with cancer: a multinational study
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Kurita, Geana P; Sjøgren, Per; Ekholm, Ola;
PURPOSE To identify prevalence and associated factors of cognitive dysfunction in opioid-treated patients with cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS EPOS (European Pharmacogenetic Opioid Study) is a prospective cross-sectional multicenter study in which adult patients with cancer who received treatment wi......-treated patients with cancer had possible or definite cognitive dysfunction. Lung cancer, daily opioid doses of 400 mg or more (oral morphine equivalents), older age, low KPS, shorter time since cancer diagnosis, and absence of BTP were predictors for cognitive dysfunction.......PURPOSE To identify prevalence and associated factors of cognitive dysfunction in opioid-treated patients with cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS EPOS (European Pharmacogenetic Opioid Study) is a prospective cross-sectional multicenter study in which adult patients with cancer who received treatment...... with opioids for moderate or severe pain for at least 3 days were included. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). MMSE scores were categorized into definite cognitive dysfunction (scores
Scleroderma en coup de sabre treated with polymethylmethacrylate - Case report.
Franco, Joanna Pimenta de Araujo; Serra, Márcio Soares; Lima, Ricardo Barbosa; D'Acri, Antônio Macedo; Martins, Carlos José
The scleroderma en coup de sabre is a variant of localized scleroderma that occurs preferentially in children. The disease progresses with a proliferative and inflammatory phase and later atrophy and residual deformity, which are treated with surgical techniques such as injectable fillers, transplanted or autologous fat grafting and resection of the lesion. Among the most widely used fillers is hyaluronic acid. However, there are limitations that motivate the search for alternatives, such as polymethylmethacrylate, a permanent filler that is biocompatible, non-toxic, non-mutagenic and immunologically inert. In order to illustrate its application, a case of scleroderma en coup de sabre in a 17-year-old patient, who was treated with polymethylmethacrylate with excellent aesthetic results, is reported. PMID:27192521
Scleroderma en coup de sabre treated with polymethylmethacrylate - Case report*
Franco, Joanna Pimenta de Araujo; Serra, Márcio Soares; Lima, Ricardo Barbosa; D'Acri, Antônio Macedo; Martins, Carlos José
The scleroderma en coup de sabre is a variant of localized scleroderma that occurs preferentially in children. The disease progresses with a proliferative and inflammatory phase and later atrophy and residual deformity, which are treated with surgical techniques such as injectable fillers, transplanted or autologous fat grafting and resection of the lesion. Among the most widely used fillers is hyaluronic acid. However, there are limitations that motivate the search for alternatives, such as polymethylmethacrylate, a permanent filler that is biocompatible, non-toxic, non-mutagenic and immunologically inert. In order to illustrate its application, a case of scleroderma en coup de sabre in a 17-year-old patient, who was treated with polymethylmethacrylate with excellent aesthetic results, is reported. PMID:27192521
Transcriptionally targeted gene therapy to detect and treat cancer
Wu, Lily; Johnson, Mai; Sato, Makoto
The greatest challenge in cancer treatment is to achieve the highest levels of specificity and efficacy. Cancer gene therapy could be designed specifically to express therapeutic genes to induce cancer cell destruction. Cancer-specific promoters are useful tools to accomplish targeted expression; however, high levels of gene expression are needed to achieve therapeutic efficacy. Incorporating an imaging reporter gene in tandem with the therapeutic gene will allow tangible proof of principle t...
Family consent, communication, and advance directives for cancer disclosure: a Japanese case and discussion.
Akabayashi, A.; Fetters, M. D.; Elwyn, T S
The dilemma of whether and how to disclose a diagnosis of cancer or of any other terminal illness continues to be a subject of worldwide interest. We present the case of a 62-year-old Japanese woman afflicted with advanced gall bladder cancer who had previously expressed a preference not to be told a diagnosis of cancer. The treating physician revealed the diagnosis to the family first, and then told the patient: "You don't have any cancer yet, but if we don't treat you, it will progress to a...
Successful management of elderly breast cancer patients treated without radiotherapy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Robertson John FR
Full Text Available Abstract Background Breast cancer in the elderly may follow a less aggressive course. There are data suggesting that radiotherapy (RT following breast conserving surgery (BCS for invasive carcinoma may not be necessary in some elderly patients. The addition of RT to surgery might constitute an imposition to such patients due to age-related factors. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of BCS without adjuvant RT in this group of patients. Patients and methods A retrospective review of 92 elderly (median age 75 years; range: 70 – 87 years patients (analysed as 93 'patients' due to one patient having bilateral cancers managed in a dedicated breast clinic and who underwent BCS for invasive carcinoma was carried out. Eighty-three patients did not receive postoperative RT to the breast (no-RT group whereas the remaining 10 had RT (RT-group. Results The median age in this group was 75 (range 70 – 87 years. The mean tumour size was 18 mm with a median follow-up of 37 (range 6 – 142 months. In the no RT group, adjuvant endocrine therapy with tamoxifen was given to 40/53 patients. No patients in the oestrogen receptor (ER negative group received tamoxifen. The local recurrence (LR rate in this group was 8.4% (2.4% per year, n = 7/83, with median time to LR of 17 months. In this no-RT group LR was correlated to ER status (2/53 ER+, 5/26ER-, p = 0.024 and margins of excision (n = 1/54 >5 mm, 2/17 1–5 mm, 4/12 Conclusion It would appear that omission of RT following successful BCS in elderly patients with ER positive tumours receiving adjuvant tamoxifen may be acceptable. The LR rate as shown in this retrospective study is highly comparable to that of younger patients treated by conventional therapy. This concept is now being evaluated prospectively following a change in treatment practice.
Late Onset Anorexia Nervosa Treated With Olanzapine: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Paolo Santonastaso
Full Text Available A case of late onset anorexia nervosa (AN treated with olanzapine is reported. The patient suffered AN onset at the age of 53 and was brought to our attention four years later in a very poor state of health due to extreme starvation and laxative abuse. She presented severe obsessions about food, a very disturbed body image, and "ascetic" rituals of self-punishment. There was no improvement of her symptoms with cognitive behavioural therapy, antidepressant drugs and inpatient nutritional therapy. After the prescription of olanzapine, the patient was more cooperative and able to maintain a stable acceptable weight, although her psychiatric and anorexic symptoms only improved partially.
名老中医郑伟达应用慈丹胶囊治疗原发性肺癌医案3则%Famous Chinese Medicine Doctor Zheng Weida's Three Cases of Primary Lung Cancer Treated with Cidan Capsule
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
郑东京; 郑东海; 郑伟鸿; 许鑫; 郑伟达
Primary bronchial lung cancer,short for lung cancer,refers to the alveolar carcinoma originated at bronchial mucosa. Based on long -term clinical experience,Professor Zheng Weida summarized that the cancer was mostly caused by the weakness of inner healthy qi and inner accumulation of evil toxin.The pathogenesis of the cancer is the following:stasis evil invading lung;phlegm -dampness accumulation and the weakness of inner healthy qi.The principles of treatment should be resolving stasis and removing toxin,nourishing yin and clearing heat,invigorating spleen and resolving phlegm as well as replenishing qi and tonifying deficiency.Formulated by Zedoray Rhizome,Edible Tulip,Nux Vomica,Cow -Bezoar,Milkvetch Root,Radix Angelicae Sinen-sis and other five materia medicas,Cidan Capsule has the effect of resolving stasis and removing toxin,alleviating edema and dissi-pating mass,replenishing qi and tonifying middle.Professor Zheng made great improvement in treating primary lung cancer by Ci-dan Capsule.This passage summarized his classical cases in treating the cancer and clinical experience of using Cidan Capsule.%原发性支气管肺癌简称为肺癌,是指原发于支气管黏膜的肺泡癌。郑伟达教授经过长期临床实践总结出肺癌多由正气内虚,邪毒内结所致,病机有下列3点:1)瘀毒侵肺;2)痰湿内聚;3)正气内虚。治宜化瘀解毒,养阴清热,健脾化痰,益气补虚。慈丹胶囊组成为莪术,山慈姑、马钱子、牛黄、黄芪、当归等11味药。具有化瘀解毒、散结消肿、益气健脾的疗效。郑教授运用慈丹胶囊治疗原发性肺癌、取得显著疗效。本文提取郑教授诊治原发性肺癌的经典医案,总结郑教授灵活运用慈丹胶囊的临床经验。
Study on Tongkuaixiao Babu Plaster(痛块消巴布剂)in Treating Cancer Pain
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
万冬桂; 李佩文
Objective: To explore the efficacy of Tongkuaixiao Babu plaster (痛块消巴剂, TKXBBP)in treating cancer pain. Methods: In the clinical observation, sixty-five patients with moderate or severe cancer pain were randomly divided into two groups: 32 in the treated group (TKXBBP group) and 33 in the control group (Bucinnazine group). The therapeutic effects in relieving pain, improving quality of life (QOL),and the rate of satisfaction the patients felt of the two groups were compared respectively. Results: TKXBBP was effective in treating cancer pain. There wasn't any statistically significant difference in total effective rate (P>0.05), but the statistical difference was significant in obvious remission rate (P<0.05) between the treated and control group, and the effect on serious pain shown in the treated group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The difference in the initiation time of relieving cancer pain was insignificant (P>0.05), while in the remission period, the treated group showed its treatment was obviously superior to that of the control group (P<0.05). TKXBBP showed better effect in the improvement of QOL (P<0.05)and satisfaction rate, with significant difference between the treated and the control groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: TKXBBP's effect in treating cancer pain was obvious, its application was safe and convenient. It was shown that the external treatment with this kind of Chinese medicine had great advantage in treating cancer pain.
Determination of the risk of a second cancer in patients treated for a first cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
A paradoxical effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cancer is that some of these treatments can themselves cause new cancers. Most epidemiologic methods can be applied successfully to the investigation of this problem and this paper reviews various approaches that have already been used by various researchers. The more traditional methods, i.e., cohort and case-control studies are first reviewed and then designs that have been proposed more recently, such as case-cohort studies are described. A distinction is established between internal comparisons, carried out within the study population, and external comparisons, in which a general population external to the population under study is used as the reference category. This presentation is mainly aimed at investigators using tumor registry data. However, the general principles formulated here are easily generalized to contexts other than that of registries
Fifty Cases of Vertebrobasilar Ischemic Vertigo Treated by Acupuncture
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
HUANG Qiong
Objective:To observe the therapeutic effects of filiform needle acupuncture combined with dermal needle tapping for vertebrobasilar ischemic vertigo. Methods: Based on the etiopathogenesis of TCM, the disease is caused by turbid phlegm clouding the heart orifice combined with wind, leading to insufficient nourishment of the brain due to deficiency of blood. Fenglong (ST 40) was punctured with filiform needle to resolve phlegm; Fengchi (GB 20) to dispel wind; Baihui (GV 20) to stop dizziness; and Lieque (LU 7) to widen the inner diameter of the vertebral arteries and increase peak systolic velocity and minute blood flow volume, so as to improve blood supply to the vertebral arteries. Dazhui (GV 14) was stimulated by tapping with a dermal needle to improve blood supply to the head. Results: Of 50 patients in this series, 39 cases (78%) were cured,6 cases (12%) relieved, 4 cases (8%) improved, and 1 case (2%) failed, with a total effective rate of 98%.Conclusion: Acupuncture combined with dermal needle tapping is an effective therapy for treating vertebrobasilar ischemic vertigo.
Nursing experience of 5 cases of head and neck cancer treated with Nedaplatin combined with 5- Fu%奈达铂联合5-Fu治疗头颈部肿瘤5例护理体会
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
目的 通过对5例头颈部肿瘤化疗患者的护理,提高患者的生存质量.方法 针对患者肿瘤的特殊性和共同特点,予相应的心理护理、用药过程护理、化疗药物毒副作用的护理、饮食护理、口腔护理和健康教育.结果 1例鼻咽癌患者化疗后出现Ⅱ度骨髓抑制,予重组集落细胞刺激因子150 μg皮下注射,24 h后复查血常规,白细胞上升;5例患者情绪稳定,善于沟通,达到良好的治疗效果.结论 奈达铂治疗指数高,毒副作用相比顺铂小,减轻了患者精神压力和对化疗的恐惧感,同时加强了口腔局部并发症的护理,改变了不良卫生习惯,消除口腔异味,增加了患者的自信心,提高了患者的生存质量.%Objective To improve life quality of chemotherapy patients by summarizing nursing experience of 5 head and neck cancer cases. Methods According to the special features and common characteristics of five patients, the appropriate psychological care, the medication process care, side effects care, diet care, oral care and health education were performed. Results II degree bone marrow suppression appeared in one nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient after chemotherapy. The white blood cells increased 24 hours after the injection of 150 μ.g re- colony stimulating factor. Five patients had emotional stability and willing to communication. Good therapeutic effect was achieved. Conclusion Compared with Cisplatin, Nedaplatin has a higher therapeutic effect and lower toxicity. It can reduce stress and fear of patients to chemotherapy, strengthening the nursing of local oral complications, changing bad health habits, eliminating mouth odor, increasing the patients' self- confidence and improving their life quality.
New Paradigm in Treating Cancer: Right on Target.
Sutandyo, Noorwati
Cancer prevalence is increasing every year and now cancer is the third highest cause of death in developing countries. Effective anticancer treatment can prolong life and improve the patient's quality of life. Targeted therapy is a new therapeutic modality which targets specific molecules in the cancer cell and disrupts dysregulated signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Since targeted therapy does not attack normal cells, its side effects are considered low compared to chemotherapy. More than 15 drugs have been approved for treatment in various human cancers. These drugs can largely be grouped into tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. This review will focus on the most common agents within both groups. PMID:27550884
Design of a nanoplatform for treating pancreatic cancer
Manawadu, Harshi Chathurangi
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the USA. Asymptomatic early cancer stages and late diagnosis leads to very low survival rates of pancreatic cancers, compared to other cancers. Treatment options for advanced pancreatic cancer are limited to chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, as surgical removal of the cancerous tissue becomes impossible at later stages. Therefore, there's a critical need for innovative and improved chemotherapeutic treatment of (late) pancreatic cancers. It is mandatory for successful treatment strategies to overcome the drug resistance associated with pancreatic cancers. Nanotechnology based drug formulations have been providing promising alternatives in cancer treatment due to their selective targeting and accumulation in tumor vasculature, which can be used for efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to tumors and metastases. The research of my thesis is following the principle approach to high therapeutic efficacy that has been first described by Dr. Helmut Ringsdorf in 1975. However, I have extended the use of the Ringsdorf model from polymeric to nanoparticle-based drug carriers by exploring an iron / iron oxide nanoparticle based drug delivery system. A series of drug delivery systems have been synthesized by varying the total numbers and the ratio of the tumor homing peptide sequence CGKRK and the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin at the surfaces of Fe/Fe3O 4-nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity of these nanoformulations was tested against murine pancreatic cancer cell lines (Pan02) to assess their therapeutic capabilities for effective treatments of pancreatic cancers. Healthy mouse fibroblast cells (STO) were also tested for comparison, because an effective chemotherapeutic drug has to be selective towards cancer cells. Optimal Experimental Design methodology was applied to identify the nanoformulation with the highest therapeutic activity. A statistical analysis method known as response
Modern oncologic and operative outcomes for oesophageal cancer treated with curative intent.
LENUS (Irish Health Repository)
Reynolds, J V
The curative approach to oesophageal cancer carries significant risks and a cure is achieved in approximately 20 per cent. There has been a recent trend internationally to observe improved operative and oncological outcomes. This report audits modern outcomes from a high volume centre with a prospective database for the period 2004-08. 603 patients were referred and 310 (52%) were treated with curative intent. Adenocarcinoma represented 68% of the cohort, squamous cell cancer 30%. Of the 310 cases, 227 (73%) underwent surgery, 105 (46%) underwent surgery alone, and 122 (54%) had chemotherapy or combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The postoperative mortality rate was 1.7%. The median and 5-year survival of the 310 patients based on intention to treat was 36 months and 36%, respectively, and of the 181 patients undergoing R0 resection, 52 months and 42%, respectively. An in-hospital postoperative mortality rate of less than 2 per cent, and 5-year survival of between 35 and 42% is consistent with benchmarks from international series.
Clinical outcome and cosmetics in breast cancer patients treated with conservative surgery and radiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and the cosmetics result of radiotherapy after conservative surgery for early breast cancer. Methods: Altogether 109 patients were treated by post-operative whole-breast irradiation and a tumor bed boost from May, 1995 to December, 2002. Among them 79 cases received a brachytherapy boost (192Ir HDR implant Nucletron ) of 10-12 Gy(DB) by single plan of implantation with 1.5 cm between the needles for T1 and double plan for T2-4 tumors, and 30 cases received an electron beam boost with 15 Gy. External beam irradiation was applied to the whole breast with 45-52 Gy(mean 48.6 Gy) in 25 fractions over 5 weeks followed or concurrently with chemotherapy (CMF or CEF) and hormonotherapy. The cosmetic result was scored by a doctor and patients via questionnaire. Results: The median follow-up time was 52 months. The actuarial 5-year overall survival rate was 93.8% using Kaplan-Meier method and the within breast recurrence rate was 6.5%. No radiation- induced ulcer in the breast occurred except acute inflammation of skin around the pinholes in 5 patients. Cosmetic results were scored to be good by patients and the doctor (81% and 87%, respectively) for 75 followed-up cases, and good cosmetic rate was reported by the doctor for 82% (39/48) of the cases treated with brachytherapy boost and 85.2%(23/27) for those treated with external beam boost. There was no difference in cosmetic results between these two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion: In patients at high risk for local recurrence, tumor-bed boost with brachytherapy or electron beam carried out after limited surgery and external radiotherapy can provide satisfactory local control without morbidity. Cosmetic result may not be influenced by the boost technique. (authors)
Influenza vaccination in children being treated with chemotherapy for cancer
G.M. Goossen; L.C.M. Kremer; M.D. van de Wetering
Background Influenza infection is a potential cause of severe morbidity in children with cancer, therefore vaccination against influenza is recommended. However, there are conflicting data concerning the immune response to influenza vaccination in children with cancer and the value of vaccination re
Prognostic Significance of p16 Expression in Advanced Cervical Cancer Treated With Definitive Radiotherapy
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Schwarz, Julie K., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Lewis, James S. [Division of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Pfeifer, John [Division of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Huettner, Phyllis [Division of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Grigsby, Perry [Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Division of Nuclear Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States); Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (United States)
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) in patients with advanced cervical cancer treated with radiation therapy. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 126 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Stages Ib1-IVb cervical cancer treated with radiation. Concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy was given to 108 patients. A tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed from the paraffin-embedded diagnostic biopsy specimens. Immunoperoxidase staining was performed on the TMA and a p16 monoclonal antibody was utilized. IHC p16 extent was evaluated and scored in quartiles: 0 = no staining, 1 = 1-25% of cells staining, 2 = 26 to 50%, 3 = 51 to 75%, and 4 = 76 to 100%. Results: The p16 IHC score was 4 in 115 cases, 3 in 1, 2 in 3 and 0 in 7. There was no relationship between p16 score and tumor histology. Patients with p16-negative tumors were older (mean age at diagnosis 65 vs. 52 years for p16-positive tumors; p = 0.01). The 5-year cause-specific survivals were 33% for p16-negative cases (score = 0) compared with 63% for p16-positive cases (scores 1, 2, 3 or 4; p = 0.07). The 5-year recurrence-free survivals were 34% for those who were p16-negative vs. 57% for those who were p16-positive (p = 0.09). In addition, patients with p16-positive tumors (score > 0) were more likely to be complete metabolic responders as assessed by the 3-month posttherapy 18 [F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/computed tomograph compared with patients with p16-negative tumors (p = 0.03). Conclusion: p16 expression is predictive of improved survival outcome after chemoradiation therapy for advanced-stage invasive cervical carcinoma. Further testing will be needed to evaluate p16-negative cervical tumors.
Prognostic Significance of p16 Expression in Advanced Cervical Cancer Treated With Definitive Radiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) in patients with advanced cervical cancer treated with radiation therapy. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 126 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Stages Ib1–IVb cervical cancer treated with radiation. Concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy was given to 108 patients. A tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed from the paraffin-embedded diagnostic biopsy specimens. Immunoperoxidase staining was performed on the TMA and a p16 monoclonal antibody was utilized. IHC p16 extent was evaluated and scored in quartiles: 0 = no staining, 1 = 1–25% of cells staining, 2 = 26 to 50%, 3 = 51 to 75%, and 4 = 76 to 100%. Results: The p16 IHC score was 4 in 115 cases, 3 in 1, 2 in 3 and 0 in 7. There was no relationship between p16 score and tumor histology. Patients with p16-negative tumors were older (mean age at diagnosis 65 vs. 52 years for p16-positive tumors; p = 0.01). The 5-year cause-specific survivals were 33% for p16-negative cases (score = 0) compared with 63% for p16-positive cases (scores 1, 2, 3 or 4; p = 0.07). The 5-year recurrence-free survivals were 34% for those who were p16-negative vs. 57% for those who were p16-positive (p = 0.09). In addition, patients with p16-positive tumors (score > 0) were more likely to be complete metabolic responders as assessed by the 3-month posttherapy 18 [F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/computed tomograph compared with patients with p16-negative tumors (p = 0.03). Conclusion: p16 expression is predictive of improved survival outcome after chemoradiation therapy for advanced-stage invasive cervical carcinoma. Further testing will be needed to evaluate p16-negative cervical tumors.
Idiopathic stuttering priapism treated with salbutamol orally: a case report.
Migliorini, F; Porcaro, A B; Baldassarre, R; Artibani, W
Recurrent ischaemic priapism also known as stuttering priapism is an uncommon form of ischaemic priapism, and its treatment is not yet clearly defined. If left untreated, it may evolve into classic form of acute ischaemic priapism and lead to erectile dysfunction due to fibrosis of corpora cavernosa. Several drugs have been proposed with variable results and only supported with level three or four of evidence. Hormonal therapy such as cyproterone acetate, oestrogen, bicalutamide or Lh-Rh agonist are often effective but can cause side effects such as hypogonadal state and infertility. Other medical options are 5-alpha-reductase and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, ketoconazole, baclofen, digoxin, gabapentin and beta-2-agonist terbutaline. We report the first case of stuttering priapism treated with beta-2-agonist salbutamol. PMID:26032021
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder treated with rituximab: case report
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
MENG Hai-tao; LI Ying; LIU Jian-hua; XU Gai-xiang; TENG Xiao-dong
@@ Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), a rare disease, is characterized by an abnormal proliferation of lymphoid cells after solid organ transplantation.1 This complication is usually caused by the immunosuppressive therapy following transplantation.Though the techniques of early detection and diagnosis of the disease are well established, treatment is not so straightforward and poses a real challenge. At this time,options include anti-viral therapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, cellular immunotherapy, and reduction of immunosuppression. But the effects of these therapies are not satisfying. Rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody used for the treatment of B cell lymphoma with a good effect, is rarely, especially in combination with chemotherapy, used for PTLD. In this report, we describe a case of PTLD treated with rituximab and chemotherapy resulting in complete remission.
A Case of Congenital Chylothorax Treated with Octreotide
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Özmert Muhammet Ali Özdemir
Full Text Available Congenital chylothorax, an abnormal accumulation of chylous fluid in the pleural space, is a common cause of pleural effusion in the neonatal period. The traditional management of chylothorax is conservative. Conservative therapy includes chest drainage, cessation of breast feeding, and using of medium chain triglycerides or total parenteral nutrition. Recently, octreotide, a long-acting somatostatin analog reduced lymphatic fluid production, has been used as a new treatment strategy in the therapy of chylothorax. In a full term newborn with right pleural effusion diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, congenital chylothorax is confirmed after birth. This patient was initially treated with chest tube insertion. Afterward a medium-chain-triglyceride-enriched formula was initiated. Subcutaneous octreotide was administered to the patient because of non-responded to conservative therapy. The chylothorax resolved promptly with no observed side effects. Octreotide appears to have a good safety drug in newborn infants and remains a promising alternative therapy to surgery for intractable cases with chylothoraces.
A rare case of duodenal duplication treated surgically
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Mehmet Ali Uzun; Neset Koksal; Munire Kayahan; Atilla Celik; Gamze Klcoglu; Selvinaz Ozkara
Duodenal duplication, a rare congenital malformation,can also be observed in adulthood. Although it can be cystic or tubular, communicating or noncommunicating, cystic and non-communicating forms are the most common. Several complications, such as obstruction, bleeding, perforation and pancreatitis, may result. Optimal treatment is total excision,although endoscopic procedures have also been described in appropriate cases. If total excision is not possible, subtotal excision and internal derivation can be performed. The 38-year-old woman presented here had occasional attacks of abdominal pain and obstruction, and we considered the diagnosis of duodenal duplication by abdominal computerized tomography. As we confirmed the diagnosis with operative findings and histopathological signs, we treated her with subtotal excision and intraduodenal cystoduodenostomy.
Understanding and Managing Erectile Dysfunction in Patients Treated for Cancer.
Annam, Kiran; Voznesensky, Maria; Kreder, Karl J
Cancer can cause sexual adverse effects by direct and indirect pathways. It can involve sexual organs, indirectly affect body image, or cause fatigue or depression with subsequent effects on libido. Erectile dysfunction (ED), the inability to obtain or maintain an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse, can also result from adverse effects of cancer treatment, such as fatigue, pain, or anxiety about therapy. In addition, depressed feelings about having cancer can affect sexuality, causing a range of signs and symptoms that can lead to ED. Chemotherapy, hormone therapy, surgery, and radiation can all cause sexual adverse effects. Additional factors that play a role include patient age and degree of ED before starting cancer treatment. In this article, we discuss how chemotherapy, hormone therapy, surgery, and radiation affect erectile function as well as possible treatment options for ED. PMID:27072383
Combination Therapy Shows Promise for Treating Advanced Breast Cancer
Adding the drug everolimus (Afinitor®) to exemestane helped postmenopausal women whose advanced breast cancer had stopped responding to hormonal therapy live about 4 months longer without the disease progressing than women who received exemestane alone.
Dr. Wu Liangcun's Experience in Treating Primary Liver Cancer
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@ Having been engaged in clinical treatment of tumors and cancers for more than 40 years, Dr. Wu Liangcun (吴良村),professor of Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, has put forward a unique method for treatment of liver cancer. His academic thought is to nourish yin, clear away heat, soothe the liver and strengthen the spleen, and clinically, he has obtained good therapeutic results as introduced in the following.
Integrative Nanomedicine: Treating Cancer With Nanoscale Natural Products
Bell, Iris R; Sarter, Barbara; Koithan, Mary; Banerji, Prasanta; Banerji, Pratip; Jain, Shamini; Ives, John
Finding safer and more effective treatments for specific cancers remains a significant challenge for integrative clinicians and researchers worldwide. One emerging strategy is the use of nanostructured forms of drugs, vaccines, traditional animal venoms, herbs, and nutraceutical agents in cancer treatment. The recent discovery of nanoparticles in traditional homeopathic medicines adds another point of convergence between modern nanomedicine and alternative interventional strategies. A way in ...
Chronic fatigue in cancer patients treated with radiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fatigue is one of the most prevalent and profound symptoms related to both malignancy and anti-neoplastic treatment. It is being reported in 60% to 80% of cancer patients. We review the correlation between the cancer-related fatigue syndrome and radiotherapy. In patients undergoing radiotherapy, fatigue is often cumulative and may reach its peak during the last weeks of treatment. The presence of fatigue prior to therapy initiation is the most important predictive factor of the occurrence of radiotherapy-related cancer fatigue syndrome. Occasionally, fatigue persists for a prolonged period of months and even years beyond radiotherapy. Anemia may be one of major causative factors responsible for the development of the cancer-related fatigue syndrome. Fatigue has an enormous physical, mental, emotional, and economic impact on cancer patients, their families and care-providers. The treatment of radiation-related fatigue remains unknown. The initial approach should cover efforts aimed at the correction of potential etiologies, especially anemia. Education concerning fatigue greatly benefits some patients. It seems that exercise may be beneficial in relieving fatigue, bearing in mind that the exercise program for cancer patients should be initiated gradually and significantly individualized. (author)
MR images of oral cancer treated with preoperative radiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
This study was carried out to evaluate the relationship between the effect of preoperative radiotherapy for oral cancer and the changes of signal intensity with MR images. T2-weighted images were compared before and after radiotherapy in 18 patients with primary oral cancer, and the effect on the lesions was histologically evaluated in surgically resected specimens obtained four weeks after the therapy. The MR images showed significantly decreased signal intensity of the lesions. The decrease of signal intensity was remarkable starting at two weeks after completion of the radiotherapy, compared with the decrease at less than two weeks after the therapy. The change of signal intensity was more obvious in tongue cancer than in other oral cancers. There was no significant difference in the change of the signal intensity between cancers with histologically poor response to the therapy and those with good response. These results suggested that signal intensity of oral cancer on T2-weighted images showed a significant decrease after preoperative radiotherapy, and that the intensity could be affected by duration after radiotherapy and primary sites. (author)
Interventions for treating oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment.
Clarkson, Jan E; Worthington, Helen V; Furness, Susan; McCabe, Martin; Khalid, Tasneem; Meyer, Stefan
BACKGROUND: Treatment of cancer is increasingly effective but associated with short and long term side effects. Oral side effects, including oral mucositis (mouth ulceration), remain a major source of illness despite the use of a variety of agents to treat them. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of interventions for treating oral mucositis or its associated pain in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy or both. SEARCH STRATEGY: Electronic searches of Cochrane Oral ...
Survival of cancer patients treated with mistletoe extract (Iscador): a systematic literature review
Büssing Arndt; Raak Christa; Ostermann Thomas
Abstract Background In Europe, extracts from Viscum album (VA-E), the European white-berry mistletoe, are widely used to treat patients with cancer. Methods We searched several databases such as Cochrane, EMBASE, NCCAM, NLM, DIMDI, CAMbase, and Medline. Inclusion criteria were controlled clinical studies on parameters associated with survival in cancer patients treated with Iscador. Outcome data were extracted as they were given in the publication, and expressed as hazard ratios (HR), their l...
Unreduced elbow dislocation treated by Ilizarov method: A case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jovanović Vesna
Full Text Available Introduction. Unreduced elbow dislocation is every elbow dislocation older than one week. It may be treated non-operatively (with prereduction traction or surgically. The treatment goals are: to reduce pain, to establish joint stability and movements. There are a lot of techniques described in literature, series are relatively small, mostly case reports. Multicentric studies have not been done. That is why there are no precisely defined therapeutic protocols. Every contribution in the field is valuable. Case Outline. A 43-year-old patient was admitted for the treatment of a three-month old unreduced elbow dislocation. Treatment has been done by Ilizarov method, using the reduction mechanism. The reduction process lasted two weeks. The Ilizarov device was removed two months after the operation, then physical therapy was started. Normal anatomical and functional findings were established five months following the operation. Conclusion. The presented method of treatment has been found as very useful, having in mind that it may solve two problems: difficult reduction and redislocation. Reduction may be done without the joint opening, step by step; retention of the reduced joint may be easily done. Physical therapy may be started without Ilizarov device removal, movements of flexion and extension may be improved without any lateral instability. There is no iatrogenic intraarticular damage, so there are no secondary joint degeneration, pains and invalidity.
临床药师参与45例癌症患者治疗的实践与分析%Practice and analysis of clinical pharmacists involved in 45 cases of treating cancer Huang Wei ZhangPiao GaoHuiThe people's hospital of yaan
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
黄伟; 张飘; 高慧
目的:临床药师参与癌痛治疗效果分析评价。方法:选取我院收治45例癌症患者为研究对象,临床药师直接参与癌痛评估,对患者进行知识教育,对医生用药干预。观察比较干预前后效果。结果:干预后缓解率明显高于干预前,P<0.05,有显著差异,结论:疼痛治疗有药师参加效果更好。%effect Analysis and evaluation of clinical pharmacists involved in the treat of patients with cancer pain.Methods Select our hospital 45 cases of cancer patients for the study object, clinical pharmacists directly involved in pain assessment, providing patients with knowledge education,interventing in a doctor's medication.To compare the before and after effects of the intervention. Results:After the intervention, the remission rate was significantly higher than before intervention, P<0.05,having significant difference, conclusion:Pain treatment with Pharmacists participate work better.
阿片类药物治疗中重度癌痛患者146例临床分析%Clinical analysis of opioid drug on treating 146 case moderate or severe cancer pain
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
刘佳琪; 王虚实; 张玲; 袁琴; 许树才
��均吗啡量与肿瘤类型密切相关.%Objective To investigate the distribution of moderate to severe cancer pain and administrated dose of opioid drugs in order to provide the reference for the treatment of moderate and severe cancer pain.Methods Retrospective analyzed the clinical data of 146 patients with moderate to severe cancer pain.The information were recorded including opioid use dose,cancer pain incidence,age,gender,height,weight,body surface area and type of tumor.Results There were no significant difference among patients with opioids drug administration in terms of gender,average daily oral dose(x2 =0.473,Z =-0.185,P > 0.05).Meanwhile cancer incidence rate was same in different age groups (x2 =2.280,P =0.684).The average daily opioid dose in patients with over 80 year old was the lowest among other age groups (Z =-2.745,-1.986,-2.141,-2.162;P <0.05).Cancer pain incidence in patients with hepatobiliary pancreatic tumors were 67.50% (27/40),highest than other different types cancer including metastatic tumor(62.50% (10/16)),urinary tumor (61.54% (8/13)),lung cancer (52.63% (50/95)),breast cancer and gynecological tumor (50.00% (17/34)),gastrointestinal tumor(41.94% (26/62)),other tumors 38.46% (5/13) and head and neck tumor(25.00% (3/12)),the difference was statistically significant (x2 =23.672,P < 0.05).The average day oral morphine dose of different types tumor were listed as followed from high to low in the order:160 (80,200) mg of metastatic tumors,120 (60,160) mg of breast and gynecological tumor,100 (40,125) mg of lung cancer,90(45,115) mg of urinary tract tumors,80(60,160) mg of other tumors,70(50,90) mg of hepatobiliary pancreatic tumor,60 (40,80) mg of gastrointestinal tumor,55 (40,70) mg of head and neck tumor.There were significant differences in terms of among oral morphine dose per day of different type tumors (H=14.280,P <0.05).No correlation was found between pain patients with height,body mass,body surface area
Sepsis in head and neck cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and radiation: literature review and consensus
A. Mirabile; G. Numico; E.G. Russi; P. Bossi; F. Crippa; A. Bacigalupo; V. De Sanctis; S. Musso; A. Merlotti; M.G. Ghi; M.C. Merlano; L. Licitra; F. Moretto; N. Denaro; O. Caspiani; M. Buglione; S. Pergolizzi; A. Cascio; J. Bernier; J. Raber-Durlacher; J.B. Vermorken; B. Murphy; M.V. Ranieri; R.P. Dellinger
The reporting of infection/sepsis in chemo/radiation-treated head and neck cancer patients is sparse and the problem is underestimated. A multidisciplinary group of head and neck cancer specialists from Italy met with the aim of reaching a consensus on a clinical definition and management of infecti
Prediction of Candidate Drugs for Treating Pancreatic Cancer by Using a Combined Approach.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Yanfen Ma
Full Text Available Pancreatic cancer is the leading cause of death from solid malignancies worldwide. Currently, gemcitabine is the only drug approved for treating pancreatic cancer. Developing new therapeutic drugs for this disease is, therefore, an urgent need. The C-Map project has provided a wealth of gene expression data that can be mined for repositioning drugs, a promising approach to new drug discovery. Typically, a drug is considered potentially useful for treating a disease if the drug-induced differential gene expression profile is negatively correlated with the differentially expressed genes in the target disease. However, many of the potentially useful drugs (PUDs identified by gene expression profile correlation are likely false positives because, in C-Map, the cultured cell lines to which the drug is applied are not derived from diseased tissues. To solve this problem, we developed a combined approach for predicting candidate drugs for treating pancreatic cancer. We first identified PUDs for pancreatic cancer by using C-Map-based gene expression correlation analyses. We then applied an algorithm (Met-express to predict key pancreatic cancer (KPC enzymes involved in pancreatic cancer metabolism. Finally, we selected candidates from the PUDs by requiring that their targets be KPC enzymes or the substrates/products of KPC enzymes. Using this combined approach, we predicted seven candidate drugs for treating pancreatic cancer, three of which are supported by literature evidence, and three were experimentally validated to be inhibitory to pancreatic cancer celllines.
Associations between voice quality and swallowing function in patients treated for oral or oropharyngeal cancer
de Bruijn, Marieke J.; Rinkel, Rico N. P. M.; Cnossen, Ingrid C.; Witte, Birgit I.; Langendijk, Johannes A.; Leemans, C. Ren; Verdonck-de Leeuw, Irma M.
The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between voice quality and swallowing function in patients treated for oral or oropharyngeal cancer. Recordings of speech and videofluoroscopy of 51 patients after treatment for oral or oropharyngeal cancer were analysed. Acoustic voice parame
Improving the Evidence Base for Treating Older Adults With Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Statement.
Hurria, Arti; Levit, Laura A; Dale, William; Mohile, Supriya G; Muss, Hyman B; Fehrenbacher, Louis; Magnuson, Allison; Lichtman, Stuart M; Bruinooge, Suanna S; Soto-Perez-de-Celis, Enrique; Tew, William P; Postow, Michael A; Cohen, Harvey J
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) convened a subcommittee to develop recommendations on improving the evidence base for treating older adults with cancer in response to a critical need identified by the Institute of Medicine. Older adults experience the majority of cancer diagnoses and deaths and make up the majority of cancer survivors. Older adults are also the fastest growing segment of the US population. However, the evidence base for treating this population is sparse, because older adults are underrepresented in clinical trials, and trials designed specifically for older adults are rare. The result is that clinicians have less evidence on how to treat older adults, who represent the majority of patients with cancer. Clinicians and patients are forced to extrapolate from trials conducted in younger, healthier populations when developing treatment plans. This has created a dearth of knowledge regarding the risk of toxicity in the average older patient and about key end points of importance to older adults. ASCO makes five recommendations to improve evidence generation in this population: (1) Use clinical trials to improve the evidence base for treating older adults with cancer, (2) leverage research designs and infrastructure for generating evidence on older adults with cancer, (3) increase US Food and Drug Administration authority to incentivize and require research involving older adults with cancer, (4) increase clinicians' recruitment of older adults with cancer to clinical trials, and (5) use journal policies to improve researchers' reporting on the age distribution and health risk profiles of research participants.
[Medical history of a breast cancer: about a case!!! How to react].
Laghzaoui, Omar
Locally advanced breast cancer is a rare entity in developed countries while we continue to treat patients with advanced stage tumor in African countries. Our study reports the case of an intellectual patient referring the presence of a right breast nodule found during self-examination treated at the military hospital of Meknes, Morocco; she was examined only six months after discovery, in a historical state of locally advanced breast cancer. Our study aims to detect the contemporary anomalies leading to a delayed diagnosis of the breast cancer and to propose solutions to increase awareness among population. PMID:27642397
10-year epidemiological profile changes for cervical and endometrial cancer patients treated by radiotherapy in the Pernambuco state, Brazil
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cantinha, Rebeca S.; Santos, Mariana L.O.; Franca, Elvis J., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Centro Regional de Ciencias Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE/CNEN-PE), Recife, PE (Brazil); Pessoa, Juanna G.; Melo, Ana M.M.A.; Amancio, Francisco F., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Departamento de Biofisica e Radiobiologia; Oliveira Neto, Aristides M.; Melo, Jonathan A., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Centro de Radioterapia de Pernambuco (CERAPE), Santo Amaro, PE (Brazil)
Cancer is a worldwide public health problem, its prevention and control are included within 16 strategic objectives of the Brazilian Ministry of Health for the period 2011-2015. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common tumor in the female population, being new 15,590 cases estimated for 2014 according to the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA). Pernambuco is the fifth state with the highest number of cases of cervical cancer and the seventh in cases of endometrial ones, both estimative for 2014. The understanding of the epidemiological profile of these pathologies corroborates strategies for prevention, control and treatment. As Pernambuco has implemented the radiotherapy for cancer treatment since 1998-1999, this work encompassed the comparison of the 1998-1999 epidemiological profile of patients treated by radiotherapy for cervical and endometrial cancer in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, with 2008-2009 profile - ten years after. Medical record of 490 patients treated at the Center of Radiotherapy of Pernambuco (CERAPE) were compiled according to the patient origin, the affected uterus region, the staging of disease, the type and cell differentiation of the tumor, the age group, and, finally, the realization of hysterectomy as part of the treatment. More than 90% of the patients were affected by cervical cancer in the two investigated periods. For the interval of 1998-1999 the proportion of patients submitted to hysterectomy was quite higher compared to those after ten years. The results also showed a change in the origin of the patients, in which, in 1999, most of the patients were from the capital and the metropolitan area, while, after ten years, patients were mostly from the interior of the State. There was a predominance of squamous cell type tumors in both periods evaluated. For the 1998-1999 interval, tumors were stage 2, moderately differentiated type. Differently, the tumors were mostly stage 3, not differentiated type, for the 2008-2009 period
Prognostic nomogram for nonresectable pancreatic cancer treated with gemcitabine-based chemotherapy
Hamada, T; Nakai, Y.; Yasunaga, H.; Isayama, H; Matsui, H; Takahara, N; Sasaki, T.; Takagi, K.; Watanabe, T.; Yagioka, H; Kogure, H; Arizumi, T.; N Yamamoto; Ito, Y.; Hirano, K
Background: A nomogram is progressively being used as a useful predictive tool for cancer prognosis. A nomogram to predict survival in nonresectable pancreatic cancer treated with chemotherapy has not been reported. Methods: Using prospectively collected data on patients with nonresectable pancreatic cancer receiving gemcitabine-based chemotherapy at five Japanese hospitals, we derived a predictive nomogram and internally validated it using a concordance index and calibration plots. Results: ...
Clinical Analysis of 276 Cases of Non-Palpable TO Breast Cancer
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
YunyingLi; ShulingLi; XiongchengZhi; QianYu; XilinFu; YunNiu
OBJECTIVE Discussion of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of nonpalpable TO breast cancer.METHODS Between 1978 and 1997, 9,980 female patients with operable breast cancer were treated surgically, of which 276 were determined to have TO breast cancer. Most TO breast cancers could be detected promptly with careful examination of presenting symptoms, such as nipple discharge, local thickening of the breast, nipple erosion, nipple retraction and postmenopausal mastalgia, while 12 cases were detected by routine mammography of the contralateral breast.RESULTS All patients were treated surgically and their tissue subjected to histopathological examination. Most cases (73.0%) were noninvasive or early invasive carcinoma. Axillary lymph nodes metastases were found in 7.69% of 234 mastectomy cases.CONCLUSION The survival rate was significantly increased if the tumor was in an early stage. The 5-, 10-, 15-years survival rates were 98.1%,94.6% and 90.3%, respectively.
Treating the untreatable: a single case study of a psychopathic inpatient treated with schema therapy.
Chakhssi, Farid; Kersten, Truus; de Ruiter, Corine; Bernstein, David P
From its first conceptualization in modern psychiatry, psychopathy has been considered difficult if not impossible to treat. Schema Therapy (ST) is a psychotherapeutic approach that has shown efficacy in patients with borderline personality disorder. ST has recently been adapted for personality disordered forensic patients, including patients with high levels of psychopathy. The present case study examined the process of individual ST, combined with movement therapy and milieu therapy by the nursing staff, with a forensic inpatient with psychopathic features (Psychopathy Checklist-Revised total score = 28.4). The patient had been sentenced to a mandatory treatment order in relation to a sexual assault. We assessed change using independent assessments of psychopathic traits, cognitive schemas, and risk-related behaviors over the 4-year treatment period and a 3-year follow-up. We also assessed the quality of the working alliance. Reliable change analyses showed significant improvements in psychopathic traits, cognitive schemas, and risk-related outcomes. At 3 years posttreatment, the patient was living independently outside of the forensic institution without judicial supervision and he had not reoffended. While many questions remain about the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic treatment for psychopathic patients, our study challenges the view that they are untreatable.
Modulating Dickkopf-1: A Strategy to Monitor or Treat Cancer?
Mazon, Mélody; Masi, Delphine; Carreau, Madeleine
Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is a secreted Wnt/β-catenin pathway antagonist involved in embryogenesis. It was first described 25 years ago for its function in head induction and limb morphogenesis. Since then, this protein has been widely studied in the context of active Wnt/β-catenin signalling during cellular differentiation and development. Dysregulation of DKK1 has been associated with bone pathologies and has now emerged as a potential biomarker of cancer progression and prognosis for several types of malignancies. Reducing the amount of circulating DKK1 may reveal a simple and efficient strategy to limit or reverse cancer growth. This review will provide an overview of the role of Dickkopf-1 in cancer and explore its potential use as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
Modulating Dickkopf-1: A Strategy to Monitor or Treat Cancer?
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mélody Mazon
Full Text Available Dickkopf-1 (DKK1 is a secreted Wnt/β-catenin pathway antagonist involved in embryogenesis. It was first described 25 years ago for its function in head induction and limb morphogenesis. Since then, this protein has been widely studied in the context of active Wnt/β-catenin signalling during cellular differentiation and development. Dysregulation of DKK1 has been associated with bone pathologies and has now emerged as a potential biomarker of cancer progression and prognosis for several types of malignancies. Reducing the amount of circulating DKK1 may reveal a simple and efficient strategy to limit or reverse cancer growth. This review will provide an overview of the role of Dickkopf-1 in cancer and explore its potential use as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
Light flashes in cancer patients treated with heavy ions.
Schardt, Dieter; Kavatsyuk, Oksana; Krämer, Michael; Durante, Marco
Light flashes (phosphenes) are reported by most of the astronauts during spaceflight and patients treated with radiotherapy for brain tumors. They are induced by cosmic ray traversals, but the target area is unknown. With a correlation analysis of the visual sensation and the position of the beam in patients treated with energetic carbon ions for skull base tumors, we demonstrate here that light flashes are elicited only when the energetic particles hit the retina. PMID:22939278
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
M. Yu. Fedyanin
Full Text Available Colon cancer represents a heterogenous disease group, which differ by cancerogenesis mechanisms, molecular alterations, prognosis and treatment possibilities. In modern clinical practice assessment of KRAS and NRAS genes status is already necessary in order to prescribe anti-EGFR treatment for metastatic disease. A separate poor prognosis group are patients with BRAF mutation. In this review we will focus on biological features of BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer, its epidemiology, clinical features on different stages, treatment choice and promising new treatment possibilities.
Treatment complications among long-term survivors of cervical cancer: treated by surgery or radiotherapy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Kamal A. Elghamrawi
Full Text Available This study assesses the morbidity and complications of treatment among long-term survivors of cervical cancer. Ninety-eight female patients who were diagnosed and treated from invasive carcinoma of the cervix uteri 5 years or more are included in this study. All the cases were free of disease and had survived up to December 2010. Forty-one cases were treated with radical hysterectomy with removal of the lymph nodes (Wertheim's surgery (42%. Radical radiation therapy was given to 57 cases (58% according to our treatment protocol; weekly cisplatin was given concomitantly with radiation. Although urinary adverse effects were more prevalent among the radiation group, the difference was not statistically significant. Bowel dysfunction was more prevalent and statistically significant (p\\0.001 among the radiotherapy arm. Dysfunctions recorded included change in bowel habit, diarrhea, constipation, tenesmus, soiling of clothes and or flatulence. However, their severity was grade 1–2 only. The frequency of small intestinal obstruction was comparable in both arms. Pelvic vein thromboses had a tendency to occur among the surgical group especially in obese females (p value 0.005. The frequency of sexual dysfunction was comparable in both groups with no statistical difference. It was age related. The younger the patients' ages, the more was the sexual complaint irrespective to the treatment modality. Sexual problems included dyspareunia from vaginal stenosis shortening or dryness, vulval soreness from itching and dryness. Bearing in mind that many patients had more than one health complaint. The remaining cases denied the presence of any complications and stated that they had a normal life style.
Penile Cancer Presenting With Acute Urinary Retantion: Case Report
Kazan, Ercan; Amasyalı, Akın Soner; Manav, Alper Nesip; Akkurt, Abdullah; Çuhacı, Nil; EROL, Haluk
Penile cancer is a rare malignancy in our country. Phimosis, poor hygiene and smoking are major risk factors for penile cancer. Penile cancer in men have a strong correlation with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Penile cancer is rare in circumcised men, particularly if they are circumcised as newborns. Penile cancer is usually asymptomatic and physical examination is essential for diagnosis. We report a case of penile cancer whose first symptom was acute urinary retention (AUR) and revi...
Thyroid cancer in child (about 9 cases)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Children thyroid cancer is a very uncommon affection. Its incidence has sharply risen among the patients who underwent therapeutic irradiation and after the Chernobylsk accident in the contaminated regions. Our study consists of emphasizing the distinctive features of children thyroid cancer on the epidemiological, clinical and para clinical aspects, in order to discuss diagnostic difficulties, prognostic elements as well as a therapeutic approach. Through a study conducted in the nuclear medical department of Rabat, we brought together 9 cases of thyroid cancer in children aged between 11 and 15 years old. In our series, the average age is 13 years, with a feminine prevalence. A family notion of goitre is reported in one case, without notion of irradiation, the revealing mode is mainly an euthyroid goitre and the cervical adenopathies, with good general health conditions being maintained. The scintigraphy showed a cold nodule, witch anatomo-pathological examination is papillary carcinoma. Extensive surgery, ira therapy and substitute hormonal treatment combined allowed a high recovery rate among our patients, with no side effects. The medium-term evolution was positive even in metastases cases. The prognostic is generally good, especially in the differentiated forms. (authors)
A clinical study of 152 cases of glottic cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
One hundred fifty-two cases of glottic squamous cell carcinoma primarily treated in our hospital as inpatients during 22 years between 1989 and 2011 were retrospectively studied. They had been comprehensively treated with X-rays radiation in all cases (median dose 66 Gy), with chemotherapy in 69 cases (fluorouracil + carboplatin administered as induction chemotherapy (ICT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT)), followed by total laryngectomy if unavoidable. Their median age was 67.0 years ranging from 38 to 89, and the male to female ratio was 37:1 and median observation time was 71.5 months. According to the 6th edition of the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) classification, there were 75 cases with Stage I, 43 cases with Stage II, 25 cases with Stage III, and 9 cases with Stage IV. For all cases, the 5-year cause-specific survival rate and 5-year overall survival rate were 91.7% (95% CI, 85.0-98.4) and 82.3% (95% CI, 73.5-91.1). In each stage, both rates were 95.2/88.4% with Stage I, 100/83.6% with Stage II, 86.7/75.9% with Stage III, and 44.4/44.4% with Stage IV, which were identified as statistically significant (p<0.0001). Three types of histopathological differentiation in squamous cell carcinoma were not found to contribute to the statistically significant difference in the prognosis of glottic cancers. Laryngeal preservation rate at 5 years in all cases was 73.2% (95% CI, 65.3-81.1). Regarding T-stages, the rates were 84.4% with T1, 81.6% with T2, 32.1% with T3 and 0% with T4 (p<0.0001). Furthermore, we clarified that there was no statistically significant difference between 5-year CSS rates in the two groups of laryngectomy cases and non-laryngectomy cases in the stages of T3 and T4 (p=0.6948). Our data were dissolved to be statistically not recessive in comparison with other data retrieved from six institutes, and showed the possibility of preservation of the larynx in T3 cases if sufficiently comprehensive treatment such as CCRT is carried
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Retrospective analysis of 235 surgically treated cases
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Unnikrishnan Ranjith
Full Text Available Background : The surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS has taken great strides in the last two decades. There have been no long term reported studies on AIS from India with documented long term followup. In this study we review a single surgical team′s series of 235 surgically treated cases of AIS with a follow-up from two to six years. Materials and Methods : Pre operative charts, radiographs and MRI scans for 235 patients were collected for this study. The patients were grouped into three groups where anterior correction and fusion (n=47, posterior correction and fusion (n=123 and combined anterior release and posterior instrumentation (n=65 was performed. Each group was divided into two subgroups based on the surgical approach and instrumentation strategy (all screw construct or hybrid construct used. Patients were followed up for coronal and saggital plane corrections, apical vertebral translation (AVT, trunk balance and back pain. The percentage of correction was calculated in each group as well as sub groups. Results : The incidence of MRI detected intraspinal anomaly in this series is 5.9% with 3.4% of them requiring neurosurgical procedure along with scoliosis correction. Average coronal major curve correction was 66% in the all screw group and 58.5% in the hybrid group. The coronal plane correction was better when the all screw constructs were employed. Also, the AVT and trunk balance was better with the all screw constructs. The anterior corrections resulted in better correction of the AVT and trunk balance as compared to the posterior correction. There were eight (3.4% complications in this series. The coronal and saggital plane correction paralleled the published international standards. Conclusion : The coronal plane correction was better when all screw constructs were employed. Use of all pedicle screw systems obviated the need for costoplasty in most cases. The increased incidence of intraspinal anomaly may
[A case report of claustrophobia with panic attack due to an MRI, treated by cognitive-behavioral therapy].
Montel, S
Claustrophobia, this fear of being locked up without being able to escape, affects about 4 to 5% of subjects in the general population. For some years, studies tackle this trouble in the context of medical exam and treatments (MRI, radiotherapy, etc.). Studies show that cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) obtain satisfying results for treating such patients. Here, we present a case report of a CBT intervention for a patient suffering from a cancer and whose claustrophobia impeded her treatment. PMID:18433940
A Case of Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D Syndrome Successfully Treated with Canakinumab
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Elena Tsitsami
Full Text Available Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disorder caused by mutations in the mevalonate kinase gene (MVK. In a proportion of patients, however, no MVK mutations are detected. Although various standard anti-inflammatory drugs have been tried, until now there is no consensus about how HIDS should be treated. We present a case of HIDS in an 8-year-old girl whose clinical picture had started before the end of the first year of life. The patient had consistently elevated IgD levels but no mutations were found after a full-length analysis of the MVK gene. The method of MVK mutational analysis is presented in details. Treatment with canakinumab in a final single dose of 4 mg/kg every 4 weeks resulted in the disappearance of febrile attacks and a considerable improvement of patients' quality of life during a 12-month follow-up period. The drug has been well tolerated, and no side effects were observed.
The Role of FSH in Prostate Cancer: A Case Report
Salvatore Catarinicchia; E David Crawford
Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) is a difficult entity to treat in the spectrum of prostate cancer disease. Recently, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) has been shown to play an important part in the natural history of prostate cancer disease progression (Crawford et al., 2014). Here, we discuss a now deceased 94 year-old patient who illustrates the importance of this.
Should helical tomotherapy replace brachytherapy for cervical cancer? Case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Chen Yu-Jen
Full Text Available Abstract Background Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT administered via a helical tomotherapy (HT system is an effective modality for treating lung cancer and metastatic liver tumors. Whether SBRT delivered via HT is a feasible alternative to brachytherapy in treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer in patients with unusual anatomic configurations of the uterus has never been studied. Case Presentation A 46-year-old woman presented with an 8-month history of abnormal vaginal bleeding. Biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI showed a cervical tumor with direct invasion of the right parametrium, bilateral hydronephrosis, and multiple uterine myomas. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO stage IIIB cervical cancer was diagnosed. Concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT followed by SBRT delivered via HT was administered instead of brachytherapy because of the presence of multiple uterine myomas with bleeding tendency. Total abdominal hysterectomy was performed after 6 weeks of treatment because of the presence of multiple uterine myomas. Neither pelvic MRI nor results of histopathologic examination at X-month follow-up showed evidence of tumor recurrence. Only grade 1 nausea and vomiting during treatment were noted. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding was noted at 14-month follow-up. No fistula formation and no evidence of haematological, gastrointestinal or genitourinary toxicities were noted on the most recent follow-up. Conclusions CCRT followed by SBRT appears to be an effective and safe modality for treatment of cervical cancer. Larger-scale studies are warranted.
Mammographycally occult high grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) as second primary breast cancer, detected with MRI: a case report:
Zebic-Sinkovec, Marta; Kadivec, Maksimiljan; Podobnik, Gasper; Skof, Erik; Snoj, Marko
Background Contralateral breast cancer (CLB) is the most common second primary breast cancer in patients diagnosed with breast cancer. The majority of patients harbouring CLB tumours develop the invasive disease. Almost all invasive carcinomas are believed to begin as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) lesions. The sensitivity of MRI for DCIS is much higher than that of mammography. Case report We report the case of a woman who was treated with breast conserving therapy 10 years ago. At that tim...
Malignant melanoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma that were diagnosed concurrently and treated simultaneously: A case report.
Ozgun, Alpaslan; Tuncel, Tolga; Emirzeoglu, Levent; Celik, Serkan; Bilgi, Oguz; Haholu, Abdullah; Urhan, Muammer; Karagoz, Bulent
Malignant melanoma can be successfully treated when it is identified in its early stages, but the disease is associated with a poor prognosis when it is detected in an advanced stage. Papillary thyroid carcinoma is a thyroid cancer that has a good prognosis. The present study reports a rare case of malignant melanoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma that were diagnosed concurrently and treated simultaneously. The present patient was a 37-year-old male, in whom examination of a skin biopsy that was obtained from a lesion in the right retroauricular region revealed the lesion to be consistent with malignant melanoma. The patient underwent radical neck dissection upon the detection of malignant melanoma metastasis to the sentinel lymph node. Metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma were detected in four out of 38 lymph nodes. The patient was then diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma and underwent total thyroidectomy. The patient was administered with high-dose followed by moderate-dose interferon-α therapy for the treatment of malignant melanoma. The patient also received concurrent radioactive iodine therapy for the treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma, at the same time as the interferon therapy. The two primary tumors of the patient were treated successfully. During therapy, no serious side-effects were observed, with the exception of fever caused by high-dose interferon therapy. Malignant melanoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma may occur concurrently, although this is rarely observed. The present study reports a rare case that demonstrates that the two tumors can be successfully treated simultaneously. PMID:25436010
Clinical Observation of 46 Cases of Scapulohumeral Periarthritis Treated by Acupuncture
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
PAN Feng-qin; KUAI Le
Forty-six cases of scapulohumeral periarthritis were treated by selecting the acupoints far from the affected part plus acupuncture differentiation of symptoms and signs, in comparison with 34 cases treated by simple acupuncture differentiation of symptoms and signs. The result showed that cure occurred in 21 cases,marked effectiveness in 19 cases, improvement in 3 cases and ineffectiveness in 1 case in the treatment group. In control group, cure occurred in 10 cases, marked effectiveness in 15 cases, improvement in 8 cases and ineffectiveness in 3 cases. There was a significant difference in the therapeutic effect between the two groups (P<0.05).
Genital tuberculosis in a tamoxifen-treated postmenopausal woman with breast cancer and bloody vaginal discharge
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Maraki Sofia
Full Text Available Abstract Background Female genital tuberculosis is an uncommon disease that is rarely diagnosed in developed countries. Case presentation A 61-year-old postmenopausal woman who had undergone surgery and treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast five years ago, presented with bloody vaginal discharge, fatigue, weight loss, and low grade fevers at night for two months. Histological examination of the endometrium, done based on the suspicion of a second primary cancer due to the tamoxifen therapy, revealed a granulomatous reaction. Liquid and solid mycobacterial cultures of the tissues were performed. Although the acid fast staining was negative, the liquid culture was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Involvement of other systems was not detected. The patient was treated with a three-drug antituberculosis regimen for 9 months and recovered fully. Conclusion Female genital tuberculosis is a rare but curable disease that should be included in the differential diagnosis of women with menstrual problems. Early diagnosis is important and may prevent unnecessary invasive procedures for the patient.
Frequency of unstable chromosome aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes of women with breast cancer treated with radiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
This study proposes to obtain information about the behavior of the frequency and distribution of radiation induced lymphocyte dicentric chromosome aberrations with therapeutic doses in women with breast cancer treated only with radiotherapy, about which there are no existing works in Chile. Blood samples were taken from 6 women volunteers included in the study, with their informed consent, treated in the Fundacion Arturo Lopez Perez, aged 24 to 65 years old, without prior or parallel chemotherapy, nor prior radiotherapy. Three peripheral blood samples were taken from each patient in 0, 16.2 and 43.2 Gy doses. The lymphocytes obtained from each sample were cultivated using the micro-culture technique following the protocol in IAEA Technical Report No. 405, 2001. The samples were evaluated under a microscope and the unstable chromosome aberrations for lymphocytes were counted. A total of 500 cells per sample was evaluated in most cases, which were distributed depending on the number of aberrations that they had. The results were analyzed by treatment dose for each of the study patients, using the Papworth u test, Dolphin's 'Contaminated Poisson' method and Sasaki's 'QDR'. Great variations were observed in the frequency distribution of aberrations among the patients studied, which could be due to the influence of factors related to the patients' partial irradiations (C.Wood)
Plants Against Cancer: A Review on Natural Phytochemicals in Preventing and Treating Cancers and Their Druggability
Wang, Hu; Khor, Tin Oo; Shu, Limin; Su, Zhengyuen; Fuentes, Francisco; Lee, Jong-Hun; Kong, Ah-Ng Tony
Cancer remains to be one of the leading causes of death in the United States and around the world. The advent of modern drug-targeted therapies has undeniably improved cancer patients' cares. However, advanced metastasized cancer remains untreatable. Hence, continued searching for a safer and more effective chemoprevention and treatment is clearly needed for the improvement of the efficiency and to lower the treatment cost for cancer care. Cancer chemoprevention with natural phytochemical com...
Testing whether drugs that weaken norepinephrine signaling prevent or treat various types of cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Paul J Fitzgerald
Full Text Available Paul J FitzgeraldThe Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Solomon H. Snyder, Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USAAbstract: Recently, I put forth the hypothesis that the signaling molecule, norepinephrine (NE, is an etiological factor in a number of types of cancer. In this brief commentary, I summarize evidence that NE plays a role in cancer and describe details involved in testing the hypothesis in humans through epidemiological investigation of existing medical records of persons who have taken pharmaceutical drugs that affect NE. If NE plays an etiological role in cancers of a number of organs, then taking a single pharmaceutical drug (such as clonidine, prazosin, or propranolol that weakens NE signaling systemically, may simultaneously prevent or treat many different types of cancer, and this may represent a breakthrough in pharmaceutical prevention and possibly treatment of cancer.Keywords: norepinephrine, acetylcholine, cancer, clonidine, prazosin, propranolol
Antibiotics that target mitochondria effectively eradicate cancer stem cells, across multiple tumor types: treating cancer like an infectious disease.
Lamb, Rebecca; Ozsvari, Bela; Lisanti, Camilla L; Tanowitz, Herbert B; Howell, Anthony; Martinez-Outschoorn, Ubaldo E; Sotgia, Federica; Lisanti, Michael P
Here, we propose a new strategy for the treatment of early cancerous lesions and advanced metastatic disease, via the selective targeting of cancer stem cells (CSCs), a.k.a., tumor-initiating cells (TICs). We searched for a global phenotypic characteristic that was highly conserved among cancer stem cells, across multiple tumor types, to provide a mutation-independent approach to cancer therapy. This would allow us to target cancer stem cells, effectively treating cancer as a single disease of "stemness", independently of the tumor tissue type. Using this approach, we identified a conserved phenotypic weak point - a strict dependence on mitochondrial biogenesis for the clonal expansion and survival of cancer stem cells. Interestingly, several classes of FDA-approved antibiotics inhibit mitochondrial biogenesis as a known "side-effect", which could be harnessed instead as a "therapeutic effect". Based on this analysis, we now show that 4-to-5 different classes of FDA-approved drugs can be used to eradicate cancer stem cells, in 12 different cancer cell lines, across 8 different tumor types (breast, DCIS, ovarian, prostate, lung, pancreatic, melanoma, and glioblastoma (brain)). These five classes of mitochondrially-targeted antibiotics include: the erythromycins, the tetracyclines, the glycylcyclines, an anti-parasitic drug, and chloramphenicol. Functional data are presented for one antibiotic in each drug class: azithromycin, doxycycline, tigecycline, pyrvinium pamoate, as well as chloramphenicol, as proof-of-concept. Importantly, many of these drugs are non-toxic for normal cells, likely reducing the side effects of anti-cancer therapy. Thus, we now propose to treat cancer like an infectious disease, by repurposing FDA-approved antibiotics for anti-cancer therapy, across multiple tumor types. These drug classes should also be considered for prevention studies, specifically focused on the prevention of tumor recurrence and distant metastasis. Finally, recent
Clinical Observation on Intractable Insomnia Treated by Point Pressure in 42 Cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@ The author have in recent years treated 42 cases of intractable insomnia (with a history of over 2 years) by point pressure, yielding quite satisfactory results when compared with those treated with clonazepam. This is reported as follows.
Clinical effect of breast cancer patients treated with breast conserving oper-ation combined with radiotherapy for the observation of 74 cases%74例乳腺癌患者保乳手术联合放射治疗的临床效果分析
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Objective To analyze the clinical effect of breast cancer patients treated with breast conserving surgery combined with radiotherapy. Methods to divide randomly 74 cases of breast cancer patients in our hospital into two groups with 37 cases in each group, the observation of the application of breast conserving surgery combined with radiotherapy, the reference group for radical operation of breast cancer treatment, compared the effect. Results of the two groups of patients with clinical curative effect, distant metastasis and local recurrence and 1 years after the survival situation were not significant (P>0.05). But the rate of excellent and good cosmetic effect of observation group (91.89%) was significantly higher than that of the reference group (24.32%), the differ-ence was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion the patients with breast conserving surgery combined with radiotherapy for the effect is significant, worthy of promotion.%目的:对乳腺癌患者保乳手术联合放射治疗的临床效果进行分析。方法将该院2011年1月—2014年1月收治的74例乳腺癌患者随机分为两组,每组37例,观察组应用保乳手术联合放射治疗,参照组行乳癌根治术治疗,比较其效果。结果两组患者在临床疗效、远处转移、局部复发及1年后的生存情况的比较均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。但观察组的美容效果优良率(91.89%)明显高于参照组(24.32%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者保乳手术联合放射治疗的效果显著,值得推广。
Invasive Bladder Cancer after Cyclophosphamide Administration for Nephrotic Syndrome : A Case Report
Nakamoto, Takahisa; Kasaoka, Yoshinobu; Ikegami, Yoshihiko; Usui, Tsuguru
We report a case of invasive bladder cancer after cyclophosphamide administration for nephrotic syndrome, and briefly discuss the association of bladder cancer and cyclophosphamide. A 6-year-old boy, who was diagnosed as having nephrotic syndrome, was treated with oral administration of prednisolone and cyclophosphamide for 4 years, receiving a total dose of 49.5 g cyclophosphamide. At age 27, a gross hematuria with bloody clots appeared and he presented with postrenal renal failure. He unde...
Dosimetric analysis of the brachial plexus among patients with breast cancer treated with post-mastectomy radiotherapy to the ipsilateral supraclavicular area: report of 3 cases of radiation-induced brachial plexus neuropathy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the brachial plexus (BP) dose of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) to the ipsilateral supraclavicular (ISCL) area, and report the characteristics of radiation-induced brachial plexus neuropathy (RIBPN). The BP dose of 31 patients who received adjuvant PMRT to the ISCL area and chest wall using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and the records of 3 patients with RIBPN were retrospectively analyzed based on the standardized Radiation Therapy Oncology Group-endorsed guidelines. The total dose to the ISCL area and chest wall was 50 Gy in 25 fractions. Patients with a higher number of removed lymph nodes (RLNs) had a higher risk of RIBPN (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.189, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.005-1.406, p = 0.044). In 31 patients treated with 3DCRT, the mean dose to the BP without irradiation to the ISCL area was significantly less than that with irradiation to the ISCL area (0.97 ± 0.20 vs. 44.39 ± 4.13 Gy, t = 136.75, p <0.001). In the 3DCRT plans with irradiation to the ISCL area and chest wall, the maximum dose to the BP was negatively correlated with age (r = −0.40, p = 0.026), body mass index (BMI) (r = −0.44, p = 0.014), and body weight (r = −0.45, p = 0.011). Symptoms of the 3 patients with RIBPN occurred 37–65 months after radiotherapy, and included progressive upper extremity numbness, pain, and motor disturbance. After treatment, 1 patient was stable, and the other 2 patients' symptoms worsened. The incidence of RIBPN was higher in patients with a higher number of RLNs after PMRT. The dose to the BP is primarily from irradiation of the ISCL area, and is higher in slim and young patients. Prevention should be the main focus of managing RIBPN, and the BP should be considered an organ-at-risk when designing a radiotherapy plan for the ISCL area
Intracranial hemorrhage in cancer patients treated with anticoagulation.
Weinstock, Matthew J; Uhlmann, Erik J; Zwicker, Jeffrey I
Both venous thromboembolism and intracranial metastases are common complications in the setting of primary brain tumors and metastatic malignancies. Anticoagulation is indicated in the presence of cancer-associated thrombosis in order to limit the risk of pulmonary embolism; however, there is reluctance to initiate anticoagulation in the setting of intracranial metastatic disease due to potential for intracranial hemorrhage. Recent evidence suggests that therapeutic anticoagulation can be safely administered in the setting of metastatic brain tumors. This review examines the current understanding of the pathophysiology of intracranial hemorrhage in malignancy, describes the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage in the setting of brain tumors with therapeutic anticoagulation, and outlines management strategies relevant to the treatment of intracranial hemorrhage in the setting of anticoagulation. PMID:27067980
Chemoprevention gene therapy (CGT): novel combinatorial approach for preventing and treating pancreatic cancer.
Sarkar, S; Azab, B M; Das, S K; Quinn, B A; Shen, X; Dash, R; Emdad, L; Thomas, S; Dasgupta, S; Su, Z-Z; Wang, X-Y; Sarkar, D; Fisher, P B
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest of all cancers despite aggressive surgical treatment combined with adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Chemoresistance and radioresistance are the principal causes of failure of pancreatic cancer patients to respond to therapy. Conditionally replication competent adenovirus (CRCA)-based cancer gene therapy is an innovative strategy for treating cancers displaying inherent resistance to treatment. Limitations of current adenovirus (Ad)-based gene therapies for malignant tumors include lack of cancer-specificity, and effective and targeted delivery. To remedy this situation, CRCAs have been designed that express E1A, necessary for Ad replication, under the control of a cancer-specific progression elevated gene-3 promoter (PEG-Prom) with concomitant expression of an immunomodulatory cytokine, such as mda-7/IL-24 or interferon-γ (IFN-γ), under the control of a ubiquitous and strong cytomegalovirus promoter (CMV-Prom) from the E3 region. These bipartite CRCAs, when armed with a transgene, are called cancer terminator viruses (CTVs), i.e., Ad.PEG-E1A-CMV-mda-7 (CTV-M7) and Ad.PEG-E1A-CMV-IFN-γ (CTV-γ), because of their universal effectiveness in cancer treatment irrespective of p53/pRb/p16 or other genetic alterations in tumor cells. In addition to their selective oncolytic effects in tumor cells, the potent 'bystander antitumor' properties of MDA-7/IL-24 and IFN-γ embody the CTVs with expanded treatment properties for both primary and distant cancers. Pancreatic cancer cells display a "translational block" of mda-7/IL-24 mRNA, limiting production of MDA-7/IL-24 protein and cancer-specific apoptosis. Specific chemopreventive agents abrogate this "translational block" resulting in pancreatic cancer-specific killing. This novel chemoprevention gene therapy (CGT) strategy holds promise for both prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancers where all other strategies have proven ineffective.
Molecular advances to treat cancer of the brain.
Fathallah-Shaykh, H M; Zhao, L J; Mickey, B; Kafrouni, A I
Malignant primary and metastatic brain tumours continue to be associated with poor prognosis. Nevertheless, recent advances in molecular medicine, specifically in the strategies of gene therapy, targeting tumour cells, anti-angiogenesis and immunotherapy, have created novel tools that may be of therapeutic value. To date, gene therapy trials have not yet demonstrated clinical efficacy because of inherent defects in vector design. Despite this, advances in adenoviral technology, namely the helper-dependent adenoviral constructs (gutless) and the uncovering of brain parenchymal cells as effective and necessary targets for antitumour benefits of adenoviral-mediated gene transfer, suggest that developments in vector design may be approaching the point of clinical utility. Targeting tumour cells refers to strategies that destroy malignant but spare normal cells. A new assortment of oncolytic viruses have emerged, capable of specific lysis of cancer tissue while sparing normal cells and propagating until they reach the tumour borders. Furthermore, peptides have been transformed into bullets that specifically seek and destroy cancer cells. The concept of tumour angiogenesis has been challenged by new but still very controversial findings that tumour cells themselves may form blood channels. These results may lead to the redirecting of the molecular targets toward anti-angiogenesis in some tumours including glioblastoma multiform. Unfortunately, our knowledge regarding the immunological ignorance of the tumour is still limited. Even so, newly discovered molecules have shed light on novel pathways leading to the escape of the tumour from the immune system. Finally, significant limitations in our current experimental tumour models may soon be overcome by firstly, the development of models of reproducible organ-specific tumours in non-inbred animals and secondly applying genomics to individualize therapy for a particular tumour in a specific patient.
Clinical predictors of anticipatory emesis in patients treated with chemotherapy at a tertiary care cancer hospital
Qureshi, Fawad; Shafi, Azhar; Ali, Sheeraz; Siddiqui, Neelam
Objective: To determine the clinical predictors of anticipatory emesis in patients treated with chemotherapy at a tertiary care cancer hospital. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 200 patients undergoing first line chemotherapy with minimum of two cycles at inpatient department and chemotherapy bay of Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre Pakistan. Anticipatory nausea and vomiting develops before administration of chemotherapy. Clinical signs and symp...
Body composition changes in females treated for breast cancer: a review of the evidence
Sheean, Patricia M.; Hoskins, Kent; Stolley, Melinda
Body composition changes cannot be precisely captured using body weight or body mass index measures. Therefore, the primary purpose of this review was to characterize the patterns of body composition change in females treated for breast cancer including only studies that utilize imaging technologies to quantify adipose tissue and lean body mass (LBM). We reviewed PubMed for studies published between 1971–2012 involving females diagnosed with breast cancer where computed axial tomography (CAT)...
[Treatment Ideas and Methods for Treating Breast Cancer Guided by Molecular Classification].
Wang, Hui-jie; Wang, Zhao-xia; Wan, Dong-gui; Li, Pei-wen
The gene types of breast cancer can be classified into three types according to its molecules: Luminal type A, Luminal type B, HER-2-positive type, triple negative type. Authors combined pathological characteristics of breast cancer, biological characteristics, and comprehensive treatment, used syndrome typing based medication, and explored treatment meticulous ideas and methods of "treating the same disease with different methods" as well as "different treatment methods in accordance with patients individually". PMID:27323624
Differential Expression of Gene Profiles in MRGX-treated Lung Cancer
Kwon Yong-Kyun; Lee Seung-Yeul; Kang Hwan-Soo; Sung Jung-Suk; Cho Chong-Kwan; Yoo Hwa-Seung; Shin Seungjin; Choi Jong-Soon; Lee Yeon-Weol; Jang Ik-Soon
Objectives: Modified regular ginseng extract (MRGX) has stronger anti-cancer activity-possessing gensenoside profiles. Methods: To investigate changes in gene expression in the MRGX-treated lung cancer cells (A549), we examined genomic data with cDNA microarray results. After completing the gene-ontology-based analysis, we grouped the genes into up-and down-regulated profiles and into ontology-related regulated genes and proteins through their interaction network. Results: One hundred n...
Influence of radiotherapy on node-positive prostate cancer treated with androgen ablation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Purpose: Patients with node-positive prostate cancer that is regionally localized (T1-4, N1-3, M0) have a relatively poor prognosis when a single-treatment modality such as radical surgery, definitive radiotherapy, or androgen ablation is used. While promising results using radical surgery and androgen ablation have been reported, there are no data to support an analogous approach using local radiotherapy and androgen ablation. In this retrospective review, the outcome after local radiotherapy and early androgen ablation (XRT/HORM) was compared to early androgen ablation alone (HORM). Methods and Materials: Between 1984 and 1992 there were 181 patients treated with HORM and 27 patients treated with XRT/HORM at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. The nodal status of all patients was established pathologically by lymph node dissection, which was terminated after frozen section confirmation of involvement. In the majority of cases androgen ablation was by orchiectomy. The median dose to the prostate in XRT/HORM group was 66 Gy. The median follow-up was 45 months; 49 months for the HORM group and 25 months for the XRT/HORM group. Results: The distribution of prognostic factors between the HORM and XRT/HORM groups was similar, with the exception of tumor grade. There was a significantly larger proportion of high grade tumors in the HORM group. In terms of actuarial disease outcome, at 4 years the results of patients in the HORM group were significantly worse, including a rising prostate specific antigen (PSA) of 53%, any disease progression of 32%, a rising PSA or disease progression of 55%, and local progression of 22%. None of the patients in the XRT/HORM group failed biochemically or clinically. To determine the impact of grade on these findings, the analyses were repeated, using only those with grade 2 tumors. A similar pattern was evidenced with significantly worse actuarial outcome at 4 years for the HORM group using the endpoints of a rising PSA
Acupuncture in Treating Dry Mouth Caused By Radiation Therapy in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer | Division of Cancer Prevention
RATIONALE: Acupuncture may help relieve dry mouth caused by radiation therapy. PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying to see how well one set of acupuncture points work in comparison to a different set of acupuncture points or standard therapy in treating dry mouth caused by radiation therapy in patients with head and neck cancer. |
Adjuvant treatment in biliary tract cancer: To treat or not to treat?
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Stefano Cereda; Carmen Belli; Michele Reni
Biliary tract cancer is a rare malignant tumor.There is limited knowledge about biology and natural history of this disease and considerable uncertainty remains regarding its optimal diagnostic and therapeutic management.The role of adjuvant therapy is object of debate and controversy.Although resection is identified as the most effective and the only potentially curative treatment,there is no consensus on the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy on the high incidence of disease recurrence and on survival.This is mainly due to the rarity of this disease and the consequent difficulty in performing randomized trials.The only two prospectively controlled trials concluded that adjuvant chemotherapy did not improve survival.Most of the retrospective trials,which had limited sample size and included heterogeneous patients population and non-standardized therapies,suggested a marginal benefit of chemoradiotherapy in reducing locoregional recurrence and an uncertain impact on survival.Welldesigned multi-institutional randomized trials are necessary to clarify the role of adjuvant therapy.Two ongoing phase Ⅲ trials may provide relevant information.
Higher caseload improves cervical cancer survival in patients treated with brachytherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Increased caseload has been associated with better patient outcomes in many areas of health care, including high-risk surgery and cancer treatment. However, such a positive volume vs. outcome relationship has not yet been validated for cervical cancer brachytherapy. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between physician caseload and survival rates in cervical cancer treated with brachytherapy using population-based data. Between 2005 and 2010, a total of 818 patients were identified using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model and propensity scores was used to assess the relationship between 5-year survival rates and physician caseloads. As the caseload of individual physicians increased, unadjusted 5-year survival rates increased (P = 0.005). Using a Cox proportional hazard model, patients treated by high-volume physicians had better survival rates (P = 0.03), after adjusting for comorbidities, hospital type, and treatment modality. When analyzed by propensity score, the adjusted 5-year survival rate differed significantly between patients treated by high/medium-volume physicians vs. patients treated by low/medium-volume physicians (60% vs. 54%, respectively; P = 0.04). Provider caseload affected survival rates in cervical cancer patients treated with brachytherapy. Both Cox proportional hazard model analysis and propensity scores showed association between high/medium volume physicians and improved survival
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: the first report of two cases treated by 5-azacytidine.
Laribi, Kamel; Denizon, Nathalie; Ghnaya, Habib; Atlassi, Mustapha; Besançon, Anne; Pineau-Vincent, Fabienne; Gaulard, Philippe; Petrella, Tony
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematologic malignancy which was first included as an independent cutaneous lymphoma in the 2008 World Health Organisation (WHO) classification (1). BPDCN usually has an extremely poor prognosis, with quick relapses after chemotherapy (2; 3). Here, we report two cases of patients diagnosed in 2011 with BPDCN and myelodysplasia, and who were treated for the first time with 5-azacytidine (5-Aza); a drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and mainly used in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (Kaminskas E, et al. 2005 Clin Cancer Res, 11, 3604-8). The first case was an 81-year-old man who presented with unusual CD10+, CD56- immunohistochemistry and 45X, -Y abnormality using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. The second case was a 78-year-old woman who manifested monosomy 13 and chromosome instability due to D13S319 locus deletion in 13q14 as determined by FISH. Both patients showed excellent responses of their skin lesions after one cycle of chemotherapy, and their hematological disease was stabilized; however, pulmonary sepsis set in, followed by neutropenia after the fourth and the fifth cycle of treatment, that is, eight and 9 months postdiagnosis, respectively, leading to patient death. PMID:24571716
External validation of nomograms for predicting cancer-specific mortality in penile cancer patients treated with definitive surgery
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Yao Zhu; Wei-Jie Gu; Ding-Wei Ye; Xu-Dong Yao; Shi-Lin Zhang; Bo Dai; Hai-Liang Zhang; Yi-Jun Shen
Using a population-based cancer registry, Thuret et al. developed 3 nomograms for estimating cancer-specific mortality in men with penile squamous cell carcinoma. In the initial cohort, only 23.0% of the patients were treated with inguinal lymphadenectomy and had pN stage. To generalize the prediction models in clinical practice, we evaluated the performance of the 3 nomograms in a series of penile cancer patients who were treated with definitive surgery. Clinicopathologic information was obtained from 160 M0 penile cancer patients who underwent primary tumor excision and regional lymphadenectomy between 1990 and 2008. The predicted probabilities of cancer-specific mortality were calculated from 3 nomograms that were based on different disease stage definitions and tumor grade. Discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness were assessed to compare model performance. The discrimination ability was similar in nomograms using the TNM classification or American Joint Committee on Cancer staging (Harrell's concordance index = 0.817 and 0.832, respectively), whereas it was inferior for the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results staging (Harrel 's concordance index = 0.728). Better agreement with the observed cancer-specific mortality was shown for the model consisting of TNM classification and tumor grade, which also achieved favorable clinical net benefit, with a threshold probability in the range of 0 to 42%. The nomogram consisting of TNM classification and tumor grading was shown to have better performance for predicting cancer-specific mortality in penile cancer patients who underwent definitive surgery. Our data support the integration of this model in decision-making and trial design.
The prevalence of thyroid cancers in surgically treated patients with nodular goiter in Şırnak city
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Sevda Sert Bektaş
Full Text Available Objectives: Iodine deficiency is still considered to be the major etiological factor for endemic goiter. The pathogenesis of the goiter in iodine deficient area caries different characteristics. The aim of this study investigate the prevalence of thyroid cancers and type of thyroid cancers in surgically treated patients with nodular goiter in Şırnak city where is iodine deficiency region.Materials and methods: Thyroid surgical materials which were sent to our department were screened retrospectively from the archives between the years 2009-2010. Thyroid resection was performed on 241 patients with nodular goiter in one year. We evaluated patients who received the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma with histhopatological examination.Results: 222 of our patients (92.1% female and 19 (7.9% were male. The youngest patient 16 and the oldest patient was 80 years old and the average age is 40.9 ± 12.8. Histopathological examination of 197 (81.7% cases of nodular goiter, 31 (12.9% cases lymphocytic thyroiditis, 13 (5.4% patients had thyroid tumors. The three tumors on the 2 cases (0.8% benign, 11 (4.6% were malignant. As a type of cancer 1 (0.4% patients, follicular carcinoma-oncocytic variant, 10 (4.2% cases were papillary carcinoma.Conclusions: Iodine deficiency area in the province of Şırnak in patients with nodular goiter who underwent surgery for thyroid cancer rate of 4.6%, and most cancers is seen as a type of thyroid papillary carcinoma.
Recommendations for dose calculations of lung cancer treatment plans treated with stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR)
Devpura, S.; Siddiqui, M. S.; Chen, D.; Liu, D.; Li, H.; Kumar, S.; Gordon, J.; Ajlouni, M.; Movsas, B.; Chetty, I. J.
The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate dose distributions computed with 5 different dose algorithms for patients with lung cancers treated using stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR). Treatment plans for 133 lung cancer patients, initially computed with a 1D-pencil beam (equivalent-path-length, EPL-1D) algorithm, were recalculated with 4 other algorithms commissioned for treatment planning, including 3-D pencil-beam (EPL-3D), anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA), collapsed cone convolution superposition (CCC), and Monte Carlo (MC). The plan prescription dose was 48 Gy in 4 fractions normalized to the 95% isodose line. Tumors were classified according to location: peripheral tumors surrounded by lung (lung-island, N=39), peripheral tumors attached to the rib-cage or chest wall (lung-wall, N=44), and centrally-located tumors (lung-central, N=50). Relative to the EPL-1D algorithm, PTV D95 and mean dose values computed with the other 4 algorithms were lowest for "lung-island" tumors with smallest field sizes (3-5 cm). On the other hand, the smallest differences were noted for lung-central tumors treated with largest field widths (7-10 cm). Amongst all locations, dose distribution differences were most strongly correlated with tumor size for lung-island tumors. For most cases, convolution/superposition and MC algorithms were in good agreement. Mean lung dose (MLD) values computed with the EPL-1D algorithm were highly correlated with that of the other algorithms (correlation coefficient =0.99). The MLD values were found to be ~10% lower for small lung-island tumors with the model-based (conv/superposition and MC) vs. the correction-based (pencil-beam) algorithms with the model-based algorithms predicting greater low dose spread within the lungs. This study suggests that pencil beam algorithms should be avoided for lung SABR planning. For the most challenging cases, small tumors surrounded entirely by lung tissue (lung-island type), a Monte
Gene expression profile of colon cancer cell lines treated with SN-38
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Wallin, A; Francis, P; Nilbert, M;
the incidence in fact has increased. To improve chemotherapy and enable personalised treatment, the need of biomarkers is of great significance. In this study, we evaluated the gene expression profiles of the colon cancer cell lines treated with SN-38, the active metabolite of topoisomerase-1 inhibitor......Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer in the industrial countries. Due to advances regarding the treatments, primarily development of improved surgical methods and the ability to make the earlier diagnosis, the mortality has remained constant during the past decades even though...
Gene expression profile of colon cancer cell lines treated with SN-38
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Wallin, A; Francis, P; Nilbert, M;
Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer in the industrial countries. Due to advances regarding the treatments, primarily development of improved surgical methods and the ability to make the earlier diagnosis, the mortality has remained constant during the past decades even though...... the incidence in fact has increased. To improve chemotherapy and enable personalised treatment, the need of biomarkers is of great significance. In this study, we evaluated the gene expression profiles of the colon cancer cell lines treated with SN-38, the active metabolite of topoisomerase-1 inhibitor...... irinotecan which leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis....
Endometrial cancer following treatment for breast cancer: a case-control study in Denmark.
Ewertz, M.; S.G. Machado; Boice, J. D.; Jensen, O M
To evaluate the risk of endometrial cancer subsequent to breast cancer, a case-control study was carried out in Denmark. Between 1943-1977, 115 cases of histologically confirmed endometrial carcinoma developed more than 3 months after the diagnosis of a primary breast cancer in 51,638 women. A total of 235 breast cancer patients with no second primary cancer were matched to the cases on age, calendar year of diagnosis, and survival with an intact uterus. Identification of cases and controls r...
Risk for second primary non-breast cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer not treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or endocrine therapy
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Langballe, Rikke; Olsen, Hans Jørgen; Andersson, Michael;
We investigated the risk for a second primary cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer treated by surgery alone, to assess the importance of non-treatment factors and menopausal status.......We investigated the risk for a second primary cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer treated by surgery alone, to assess the importance of non-treatment factors and menopausal status....
Yttrium-90 used to treat colon cancer: Awaiting investigational new drug approval
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
A new radiation treatment takes just 14 to 21 days to shrink colorectal tumors in laboratory mice, is under review for clinical trials with human cancer patients. The treatment has succeeded in reducing the size of tumors by up to 95%. Colon cancer, the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the US, is extremely difficult to treat unless it is detected early enough for surgical procedures. In laboratory tests over the last 5 years, a team of researchers has developed the treatment using yttrium-90. The yttrium-90 is transported to the tumors by attaching it to monoclonal antibodies that seek out the cancer cells. Once the radioisotope has been targeted to the tumor, the radiation destroys many of the cells, dramatically reducing the size of the tumor. Since this treatment usually does not completely eliminate all the cancer cells, it cannot be called a cure, but it does seem to be an effective method of shrinking colorectal tumors
Predictive value of bcl-2 immunoreactivity in prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Background and purpose: Recent experimental evidence suggests that overexpression of bcl-2, a protein functioning by blocking apoptosis, may influence the treatment outcome in human tumours, including prostate cancer. To test the clinical implications of this hypothesis, tumours from patients with prostate cancer treated with external beam radiotherapy were investigated for bcl-2 immunoreactivity (IR) and correlated with prognosis and treatment outcome. Materials and methods: Bcl-2 IR was evaluated in archival tumour specimens obtained through transurethral resection from 42 patients with localized prostate cancer (T0-T4, N0 and M0). Bcl-2 IR expression was related to stage, grade and cancer-specific survival. Specimens were obtained prior to administrating routine radiotherapy for all patients. Results: Bcl-2 IR was present in 19/42 (45%) tumours. The bcl-2-positive patients had a significantly longer cancer-specific survival than the bcl-2-negative patients (10.3 versus 3.4 years, P<0.04). At follow-up (7-19 years), nine patients were still alive, 26 patients had died of prostate cancer and seven patients had died of other causes. Conclusions: This study indicates that pre-treatment bcl-2 overexpression is related to a favourable outcome in prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy. Low bcl-2 along with a high stage may be a predictor of poor prognosis and these patients might benefit from additional treatment. (Copyright (c) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.)
Plants vs. cancer: a review on natural phytochemicals in preventing and treating cancers and their druggability.
Wang, Hu; Khor, Tin Oo; Shu, Limin; Su, Zheng-Yuan; Fuentes, Francisco; Lee, Jong-Hun; Kong, Ah-Ng Tony
Cancer remains to be one of the leading causes of death in the United States and around the world. The advent of modern drug-targeted therapies has undeniably improved cancer patients' cares. However, advanced metastasized cancer remains untreatable. Hence, continued searching for a safer and more effective chemoprevention and treatment is clearly needed for the improvement of the efficiency and to lower the treatment cost for cancer care. Cancer chemoprevention with natural phytochemical compounds is an emerging strategy to prevent, impede, delay, or cure cancer. This review summarizes the latest research in cancer chemoprevention and treatment using the bioactive components from natural plants. Relevant molecular mechanisms involved in the pharmacological effects of these phytochemicals are discussed. Pharmaceutical developmental challenges and opportunities in bringing the phytochemicals into the market are also explored. The authors wish to expand this research area not only for their scientific soundness, but also for their potential druggability.
XK469R in Treating Patients With Refractory Hematologic Cancer
Adult Acute Basophilic Leukemia; Adult Acute Eosinophilic Leukemia; Adult Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (M7); Adult Acute Minimally Differentiated Myeloid Leukemia (M0); Adult Acute Monoblastic Leukemia (M5a); Adult Acute Monocytic Leukemia (M5b); Adult Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia With Maturation (M2); Adult Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia Without Maturation (M1); Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With 11q23 (MLL) Abnormalities; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Inv(16)(p13;q22); Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(16;16)(p13;q22); Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(8;21)(q22;q22); Adult Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia (M4); Adult Erythroleukemia (M6a); Adult Pure Erythroid Leukemia (M6b); Blastic Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia; de Novo Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Previously Treated Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Recurrent Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Recurrent Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Refractory Anemia With Excess Blasts; Refractory Anemia With Excess Blasts in Transformation; Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; Relapsing Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Secondary Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Stage III Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; Stage IV Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; Untreated Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Case Report of Nasal Polyp Treated by Acupuncture
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@ A Patient, female, student, nineteen years old.She was diagnosed with rhinitis and nasal polyps at the age of 17, and was treated with many methods,but the disease was not cured. The patient and her parents were fearful of surgical treatment, so she came for acupuncture therapy.
Penile cancer: about ten cases at the University Hospital of Rabat, review of the literature
Slaoui, Amine; Jabbour, Youness; El Ghazoui, Anouar; Karmouni, Tarik; Elkhader, Khalid; Koutani, Abdelatif; Attaya, Ahmed Ibn
The aim of our study was to report the status of penile cancer sites in the urology department at the University Hospital of Rabat and evaluate long-term results of surgical treatment of this cancer. Patients and Methods: Between 1989 and 2015, 10 patients were treated for penile cancer. 10 cases were retrospectively reviewed and the following data were recorded: mode of revelation, seat, staging, TNM stage, treatment, evolution and survival. The mean age of patients was 58,1 years (48-81 yea...
Breast Retraction Assessment: an objective evaluation of cosmetic results of patients treated conservatively for breast cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Breast Retraction Assessment (BRA) is an objective evaluation of the amount of cosmetic retraction of the treated breast in comparison to the untreated breast in patients who receive conservative treatment for breast cancer. A clear acrylic sheet supported vertically and marked as a grid at 1 cm intervals is employed to perform the measurements. Average BRA value in 29 control patients without breast cancer was 1.2 cm. Average BRA value in 27 patients treated conservatively for clinical Stage I or II unilateral breast cancer was 3.7 cm. BRA values in breast cancer patients ranged from 0.0 to 8.5 cm. Patients who received a local radiation boost to the primary tumor bed site had statistically significantly less retraction than those who did not receive a boost. Patients who had an extensive primary tumor resection had statistically significantly more retraction than those who underwent a more limited resection. In comparison to qualitative forms of cosmetic analysis, BRA is an objective test that can quantitatively evaluate factors which may be related to cosmetic retraction in patients treated conservatively for breast cancer
Long-term follow-up of cancer patients treated with gene therapy medicinal products.
Galli, Maria Cristina
European Union requirements are discussed for the long-term follow-up of advanced therapy medicinal products, as well as how they can be applied to cancer patients treated with gene therapy medicinal products in the context of clinical trials, as described in a specific guideline issued by Gene Therapy Working Party at the European Medicine Agency.
Gemcitabine and capecitabine for heavily pre-treated metastatic colorectal cancer patients
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Spindler, Karen-Lise G; Pallisgaard, Niels; Andersen, Rikke F;
AIM: We investigated the efficacy and safety of capecitabine and gemcitabin (GemCap) in heavily pre-treated, therapy-resistant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients and the clinical importance of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) measurement. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients' inclusion criteria included...
Histone deacetylase inhibitors for treating a spectrum of diseases not related to cancer.
Dinarello, C.A.; Fossati, G.; Mascagni, P.
This issue of Molecular Medicine contains 14 original research reports and state-of-the-art reviews on histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi's), which are being studied in models of a broad range of diseases not related to the proapoptotic properties used to treat cancer. The spectrum of these disea
Capecitabine and bevacizumab in heavily pre-treated patients with advanced colorectal cancer
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Larsen, Finn Ole; Boisen, Mogens Karsbøl; Fromm, Anne-Lene Gunge;
No standard treatment exists for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have progressed after treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin, irinotecan and an anti-EGFR antibody. The efficacy and safety of bevacizumab and capecitabine in heavily pre-treated patients with metastatic...
Molecular prognostic factors in locally irresectable rectal cancer treated preoperatively by chemo-radiotherapy
Reerink, O; Karrenbeld, Arend; Plukker, JTM; Verschueren, Rene; Szabo, BG; Sluiter, WJ; Hospers, GAP; Mulder, NH
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between survival and value of molecular markers in the primary tumour in a group of patients with irresectable rectal cancer, treated with preoperative chemo-radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry for p53, p21, bcl-2
TheraBite exercises to treat trismus secondary to head and neck cancer
Kamstra, Jolanda I.; Roodenburg, Jan L. N.; Beurskens, Carien H. G.; Reintsema, Harry; Dijkstra, Pieter U.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of TheraBite exercises on mouth opening and to analyze factors influencing this effect in a patient record evaluation. Effect of exercises with a TheraBite to treat trismus was evaluated in 69 head and neck cancer patients of two university medical ce
Progress in Using Combination of Chinese Drug with Chemotherapy to Treat Cancer
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@ Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat diseases including cancer in China for several thousand years. TCM holds that the pathogenesis of cancer lies mainly in deficiency of vital qi, accumulation of cold, stagnation of qi, obstruction of phlegm, blood stasis, retention of toxic heat, and that the therapeutic principles for cancer should be mainly to strengthen body resistance and restore normal function (mainly by strengthening the spleen and nourishing the kidney), to warm yang and disperse cold, to soothe the liver and regulate qi circulation, to resolve phlegm and dispel retained water, to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, to clear away heat and remove toxicity, to resolve hard mass and to treat malignant or poisoning diseases with poisonous drugs.
Sixty-eight Cases of Child Chronic Cough Treated by Moxibustion
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
CUI Xia; WANG Su-mei; WU Li-qun
To observe the therapeutic effects of moxibustion for chronic cough in children. Methods: 68 child cases of chronic cough were treated by moxibustion. Results: 54 cases were cured, 13 cases improved, and one case failed. The cure rate was 79.2%, with a total effective rate of 98.5%. Conclusion: The moxibustion therapy has definite therapeutic effect for children chronic cough.
Thrombosis in ovarian cancer: a case control study
Metcalf, R L; Fry, D J; Swindell, R.; McGurk, A; Clamp, A R; Jayson, G C; Hasan, J
Background: Thrombotic events are common in cancer patients and have been associated with an adverse prognosis in large registry-based studies. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 417 patients with ovarian cancer treated at a tertiary cancer centre between 2006 and 2009 was studied to identify the incidence and risk factors for thrombotic events and the prognostic impact of thrombosis. Patient outcomes were evaluated against a matched control group without thrombosis. Results: Ninety-nine thro...
Cyclophosphamide-Induced Severe Acute Hyponatremic Encephalopathy in Patients with Breast Cancer: Report of Two Cases
Baker, Michelle; Markman, Maurie; Niu, Jiaxin
Abstract Background Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent widely used in antineoplastic and immunosuppressive therapies. Symptomatic hyponatremia can be a rare but life-threatening complication in patients treated with cyclophosphamide. Case Presentations We report 2 patients who presented with severe acute hyponatremic encephalopathy after receiving their first cycles of a low-dose cyclophosphamide-containing regimen for breast cancer. In case 1, a 58-year-old female received the combinati...
Scleroderma en coup de sabre treated with polymethylmethacrylate - Case report*
Franco, Joanna Pimenta de Araujo; Serra, Márcio Soares; Lima, Ricardo Barbosa; D'Acri, Antônio Macedo; Martins, Carlos José
The scleroderma en coup de sabre is a variant of localized scleroderma that occurs preferentially in children. The disease progresses with a proliferative and inflammatory phase and later atrophy and residual deformity, which are treated with surgical techniques such as injectable fillers, transplanted or autologous fat grafting and resection of the lesion. Among the most widely used fillers is hyaluronic acid. However, there are limitations that motivate the search for alternatives, such as ...
Two Cases of Postmyomectomy Pseudoaneurysm Treated by Transarterial Embolization
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ito, Nobutake, E-mail: email@example.com [Keio University, School of Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology (Japan); Natimatsu, Yoshiaki; Tsukada, Jitsuro; Sato, Akihiro; Hasegawa, Ichiro [Kawasaki Municipal Hospital, Department of Diagnostic Radiology (Japan); Lin, Bao-Liang [Kawasaki Municipal Hospital, Department of Gynecologic Endoscopy (Japan)
Pseudoaneurysm resulting from hysteroscopic myomectomy is a rare clinical situation, and interventional radiologists are not traditionally involved in the management. To our knowledge, endovascular treatment of a pseudoaneurysm resulting from hysteroscopic myomectomy has not yet been reported in the English-language literature. Here, two such cases are reported, including one of a woman who later became pregnant. The case is unique because little is known about the influence of unilateral coil embolization of the uterine artery on fertility.
Reproductive Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: A Case Control Study
Meshram II; Hiwarkar PA; Kulkarni PN
Background: Breast cancer is second most important cancer among Indian women. Although risk factors are not much prevalent as in western countries, incidence rate is increasing in India. The study was undertaken to study various risk factors associated with breast cancer. Methods: A hospital based group matched case control study was undertaken to identify risk factors. The study consisted of 105 hospitalized cases confirmed on histopathology and 210 group matched controls selected from urban...
A synthetic lethality-based strategy to treat cancers harboring a genetic deficiency in the chromatin remodeling factor BRG1.
Oike, Takahiro; Ogiwara, Hideaki; Tominaga, Yuichi; Ito, Kentaro; Ando, Osamu; Tsuta, Koji; Mizukami, Tatsuji; Shimada, Yoko; Isomura, Hisanori; Komachi, Mayumi; Furuta, Koh; Watanabe, Shun-Ichi; Nakano, Takashi; Yokota, Jun; Kohno, Takashi
The occurrence of inactivating mutations in SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling genes in common cancers has attracted a great deal of interest. However, mechanistic strategies to target tumor cells carrying such mutations are yet to be developed. This study proposes a synthetic-lethality therapy for treating cancers deficient in the SWI/SNF catalytic (ATPase) subunit, BRG1/SMARCA4. The strategy relies upon inhibition of BRM/SMARCA2, another catalytic SWI/SNF subunit with a BRG1-related activity. Immunohistochemical analysis of a cohort of non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) indicated that 15.5% (16 of 103) of the cohort, corresponding to preferentially undifferentiated tumors, was deficient in BRG1 expression. All BRG1-deficient cases were negative for alterations in known therapeutic target genes, for example, EGFR and DDR2 gene mutations, ALK gene fusions, or FGFR1 gene amplifications. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of BRM suppressed the growth of BRG1-deficient cancer cells relative to BRG1-proficient cancer cells, inducing senescence via activation of p21/CDKN1A. This growth suppression was reversed by transduction of wild-type but not ATPase-deficient BRG1. In support of these in vitro results, a conditional RNAi study conducted in vivo revealed that BRM depletion suppressed the growth of BRG1-deficient tumor xenografts. Our results offer a rationale to develop BRM-ATPase inhibitors as a strategy to treat BRG1/SMARCA4-deficient cancers, including NSCLCs that lack mutations in presently known therapeutic target genes. PMID:23872584
Prophylaxis of hemicrania continua: three cases effectively treated with acemethacin.
Nicpoń, Krzysztof J; Nicpoń, Krzysztof W; Jaroszuk-Nicpoń, Joanna
Hemicrania continua is a daily headache disorder that is characterized by unilateral, constant pain with exacerbations of intensity accompanied by autonomic symptoms. Response to indomethacin is the diagnostic criterion for hemicrania continua, but efficacy of indomethacin in therapy is restricted because of gastrointestinal adverse events. Therefore, many patients are disqualified from treatment with indomethacin, creating a need to search for alternative therapy. In comparison with indomethacin, acemethacin seems to have a better therapeutic profile. It is associated with fewer gastrointestinal adverse events while having a good therapeutic effect. We present three patients effectively treated with acemethacin without adverse events of the gastrointestinal tract.
Decitabine in Treating Patients With Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Cancer or Follicular Thyroid Cancer Unresponsive to Iodine I 131
Recurrent Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVA Follicular Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVA Papillary Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVB Follicular Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVB Papillary Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVC Follicular Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVC Papillary Thyroid Cancer
A peptide against soluble guanylyl cyclase α1: a new approach to treating prostate cancer.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Shuai Gao
Full Text Available Among the many identified androgen-regulated genes, sGCα1 (soluble guanylyl cyclase α1 appears to play a pivotal role in mediating the pro-cancer effects of androgens and androgen receptor. The classical role for sGCα1 is to heterodimerize with the sGCβ1 subunit, forming sGC, the enzyme that mediates nitric oxide signaling by catalyzing the synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Our published data show that sGCα1 can drive prostate cancer cell proliferation independent of hormone and provide cancer cells a pro-survival function, via a novel mechanism for p53 inhibition, both of which are independent of sGCβ1, NO, and cGMP. All of these properties make sGCα1 an important novel target for prostate cancer therapy. Thus, peptides were designed targeting sGCα1 with the aim of disrupting this protein's pro-cancer activities. One peptide (A-8R was determined to be strongly cytotoxic to prostate cancer cells, rapidly inducing apoptosis. Cytotoxicity was observed in both hormone-dependent and, significantly, hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells, opening the possibility that this peptide can be used to treat the usually lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer. In mouse xenograft studies, Peptide A-8R was able to stop tumor growth of not only hormone-dependent cells, but most importantly from hormone-independent cells. In addition, the mechanism of Peptide A cytotoxicity is generation of reactive oxygen species, which recently have been recognized as a major mode of action of important cancer drugs. Thus, this paper provides strong evidence that targeting an important AR-regulated gene is a new paradigm for effective prostate cancer therapy.
Experience of Southern Chinese: new challenges in treating young female breast cancer patients at child-bearing age--a call for multi-disciplinary collaboration.
Kwong, Ava; Chu, Annie Tsz-Wai
Compared with western populations, Southern Chinese, especially those residing in Hong Kong, are experiencing increasing breast cancer incidence and also a younger onset of breast cancer. Combating this problem and treating young women with breast cancer poses specific challenges and complicated considerations. With reference to the postponement in the age of marriage and reproduction in modern societies, the issue of fertility after breast cancer, especially for high-risk young patients, is one significant quality of life concern that cannot be underestimated as a secondary medical topic. While the issue has its significance and is confronting front-line breast cancer care teams of different disciplines, related research is mostly on Caucasians. In cultures where the traditional expectation on women for child-bearing is still prominent, young breast cancer patients may endure significant distress over fertility options after breast cancer. There is a lack of related data on Asian breast cancer survivors at child-bearing age, which calls for a pressing need to encourage qualitative groundwork, case reports, and cohort experiences in hope for providing insight and arouse research interest. In order to provide a long-term comprehensive multidisciplinary management service with encouragement to encompass prospects for a positive future among young breast cancer survivors, relevant disciplines need to collaborate and work efficaciously together both on clinical and research aspects of cancer-related fertility issues. PMID:22994790
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Full Text Available Moyamoya disease is a rare cerebrovascular disease characterized by progressive occlusive cerebral arteritis affecting the distal internal carotid arteries near the circle of Willis. A collateral circulation develops around the blocked vessels which appear as a "pu ff of smoke". Incidence is variable depending on the geographical location. The clinical features of Moyamoya disease are recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs, strokes, sensorimotor paralysis, convulsions and/or migraine - like headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI and MR Angiogram (MRA should be performed for the diagnosis and follow - up of Moyamoya disease. Neurosurgical proceures like Encephalo myo synangiosis (EMS, multiple burr holes and some direct procedures are useful to reestablish new circulation after a few weeks. The long term outlook for patients with treated Moyamoya seems to be good. Once major stroke or bleeding take place, even with treatment, the patient may be left with permanent loss of function . So it is very important to treat this condition promptly. Herewith, we are reporting a 15 month old child with history of right focal adversive seizures, 3 - 4 events a month followed by post ictal drowsiness. Imaging studies revealed a vascular insult with infarct in the left fronto parietal lobes as well as multiple infarcts in other regions of the brain. MR Angio Brain revealed Moya moya disease. Child was successfully managed by prompt referral to Neurosurgical C entre where he underwent EMS and he is under their follow up.
Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of indomethacin-treated human colon cancer cells
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Yan-Li Cheng; Gui-Ying Zhang; Zhi-Qiang Xiao; Fa-Qing Tang
AIM: To establish the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles of indomethacin (IN)-treated human colon cancer cell line HCT116, and to provide a new way to study its anti-tumor molecular mechanism through analyzing a variety of protein maps.METHODS: Two-DE profiles of HCT116 were established in IN-treated and untreated groups. Total proteins were separated by immobilized pH gradient-based 2-DE. The gels were stained by silver, scanned by ImageScanner,and analyzed with Image Master software.RESULTS: Clear background, well-resolved and reproducible 2-DE patterns of HCT116 cells were acquired in IN-treated and untreated group. The average deviation of spot position was 0.896±0.177 mm in IEF direction and 1.106±0.289 mm in SDS-PAGE direction respectively. In IN-treated group,1 169±36 spots were detected and 1 061±32 spots were matched, the average matching rate was 90.6% in three gels. In untreated group, 1 256±50 spots were detected and 1 168±46 spots were matched, the average matching rate was 93.0% in three gels. Forty-five differential protein spots were displayed between IN-treated and untreated groups. Of which, 34 protein spots decreased and 9showed higher expression in IN-treated group, and only two protein spots showed an expression in untreated cells.CONCLUSION: Two-DE profiles of IN-treated and untreated HCT116 cells were established. Apparent 45 different protein spots were detected in IN-treated and untreated HCT116 cells. The analysis on differential protein spots may serve as a new way to study the molecule mechanism of IN-treated colon cancer.
A Case of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Treated with Submerged Root Technique.
Uday, Ginjupally; Chandar, Bhanu; Srilakshmi, J; Khaitan, Tanya; Babu, B Balaji
Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI), an autosomal dominant trait, is one of the most common hereditary disorders affecting both the formation and mineralization of dentin. Either or both primary and permanent dentition is affected by it. Here, we present a case report of a 13-year-old female patient affected with DGI who had undergone prosthetic rehabilitation with submerged root technique.
Five Cases of Congenital Chylothorax Treated by Intrapleural Minocycline
Masatoshi Kaneko; Yuji Kanai; Hayato Go; Takashi Imamura; Nobuo Momoi; Mitsuaki Hosoya
Minocycline pleurodesis was performed on five infants with congenital chylothorax in our institutions. They could not achieve sufficient efficacy though they had received other conservative therapies. Four of the five cases obtained reduction of pleural effusion using the minocycline pleurodesis. We concluded that minocycline pleurodesis is a safe and an effective technique for congenital chylothorax.
Five Cases of Congenital Chylothorax Treated by Intrapleural Minocycline
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Masatoshi Kaneko
Full Text Available Minocycline pleurodesis was performed on five infants with congenital chylothorax in our institutions. They could not achieve sufficient efficacy though they had received other conservative therapies. Four of the five cases obtained reduction of pleural effusion using the minocycline pleurodesis. We concluded that minocycline pleurodesis is a safe and an effective technique for congenital chylothorax.
Self-Mapping in Treating Suicide Ideation: A Case Study
Robertson, Lloyd Hawkeye
This case study traces the development and use of a self-mapping exercise in the treatment of a youth who had been at risk for re-attempting suicide. A life skills exercise was modified to identify units of culture called "memes" from which a map of the youth's self was prepared. A successful treatment plan followed the mapping exercise. The…
Survival of breast cancer patients with meningeal carcinomatosis treated by intrathecal thiotepa.
Comte, A; Jdid, W; Guilhaume, M N; Kriegel, I; Piperno-Neumann, S; Dieras, V; Dorval, T; Pierga, J Y; Cottu, P H; Mignot, L; Bidard, F C
Treatment of breast cancer meningeal carcinomatosis (MC) relies on intrathecal chemotherapy. Thiotepa is one of the few drugs approved in this setting, although no large cohort has been reported. The aim of our retrospective study is to describe survival and prognostic factors of breast cancer patients treated by intrathecal thiotepa. A search in the electronic database of the Institut Curie was performed and retrieved the patients diagnosed with breast cancer MC from 2000 to 2012 and who received at least one intrathecal injection of thiotepa. The standard regimen was intrathecal thiotepa (10 mg) and methylprednisolone (40 mg), repeated every other week. Clinical data were retrieved from the computerized medical file of each patient. Sixty-six patients have been treated with intrathecal thiotepa either as first line or second line of treatment for breast cancer MC. The median overall survival was 4.5 months (range 0.1-50). There was no significant survival difference between patients treated as first or second line. In multivariate analysis, main adverse prognostic factors at diagnosis were performance status >2 (p = 0.001, RR = 3.4, 95 % CI 1.6-7.2) and history of more than 3 previous systemic chemotherapy lines (p = 0.002, RR = 2.90, 95 % CI 1.50-5.65). After start of the treatment, high primary tumor grade, elevated Cyfra 21-1 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid, and lack of clinical improvement were also independent adverse prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. This is the largest retrospective cohort of breast cancer MC treated by intrathecal thiotepa ever reported. The median overall survival was short but some patients clearly benefited from this treatment, even used as second line. PMID:24043602
Differential Expression of Gene Profiles in MRGX-treated Lung Cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Kwon Yong-Kyun
Full Text Available Objectives: Modified regular ginseng extract (MRGX has stronger anti-cancer activity-possessing gensenoside profiles. Methods: To investigate changes in gene expression in the MRGX-treated lung cancer cells (A549, we examined genomic data with cDNA microarray results. After completing the gene-ontology-based analysis, we grouped the genes into up-and down-regulated profiles and into ontology-related regulated genes and proteins through their interaction network. Results: One hundred nine proteins that were up- and down-regulated by MRGX were queried by using IPA. IL8, MMP7 and PLAUR and were found to play a major role in the anti-cancer activity in MRGX-treated lung cancer cells. These results were validated using a Western blot analysis and a semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR analysis. Conclusions: Most MRGX-responsive genes are up-regulated transiently in A549 cells, but down-regulated in a sustained manner in lung cancer cells.
Mammary tuberculosis mimicking breast cancer: a case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Maroulis Ioannis
Full Text Available Abstract Introduction The incidence of tuberculosis is rising worldwide and rare manifestations of the past are seen more often nowadays. Mammary tuberculosis is a rare clinical entity, often mimicking breast cancer or abscesses of benign or malignant origin. Clinical awareness is necessary during diagnostic work-up for establishing the correct diagnosis and treatment. Case presentation We present a case of breast tuberculosis diagnosed in a 73 year old woman at our institution. The patient presented with a palpable mass of the right breast with clinical, laboratory and mammographic findings indicative of breast carcinoma. The patient underwent lumpectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Frozen section of the tumor and the sentinel node revealed "granulomatous inflammation", while gross examination confirmed the diagnosis of tuberculous mastitis. The patient received anti-tuberculosis therapy for six months with no side effects or any further complications. Conclusion Breast tuberculosis is an obscure disease often mistaken for carcinoma or pyogenic abscess of the breast, especially if well-defined clinical features are absent. A high index of suspicion is required because the disease can usually be treated conservatively with current antituberculous modalities while surgical intervention is reserved for rare cases only.
Clinical Observation of 40 Cases of Acne Treated by Acupuncture plus Herbal Drugs
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
CAI An-he; DAI Xi-ping; ZHANG Hai-bo; HUANG Guo-qi
Acne is divided into the patterns of wind and heat in the lung meridian and accumulation of dampness and heat. Forty cases of acne were treated by acupuncture plus herbal drugs (acupuncture and drug group, A) and 30 cases were treated by simple acupuncture as the control group (acupuncture group, B). The results showed basic cure in 31 cases, remarkable effect in 5 cases, effect in 3 cases, failure in 1 case and the total effective rate of 97.5% in Group A, and basic cure in 16 cases, remarkable effect in 6 cases, effect in 3 cases, failure in 5 cases and the total effective rate of 83.3% in Group B. There was no significant difference ( P > 0.05 ) in the therapeutic effect and there was a significant difference (P < 0. 01 ) in the curative rate in the two groups. The therapeutic effect was obviously better in Group A than in Group B.
Reduced Acute Bowel Toxicity in Patients Treated With Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Rectal Cancer
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Samuelian, Jason M. [Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ (United States); Callister, Matthew D., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ (United States); Ashman, Jonathan B. [Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ (United States); Young-Fadok, Tonia M. [Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ (United States); Borad, Mitesh J. [Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ (United States); Gunderson, Leonard L. [Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ (United States)
Purpose: We have previously shown that intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) can reduce dose to small bowel, bladder, and bone marrow compared with three-field conventional radiotherapy (CRT) technique in the treatment of rectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to review our experience using IMRT to treat rectal cancer and report patient clinical outcomes. Methods and Materials: A retrospective review was conducted of patients with rectal cancer who were treated at Mayo Clinic Arizona with pelvic radiotherapy (RT). Data regarding patient and tumor characteristics, treatment, acute toxicity according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v 3.0, tumor response, and perioperative morbidity were collected. Results: From 2004 to August 2009, 92 consecutive patients were treated. Sixty-one (66%) patients were treated with CRT, and 31 (34%) patients were treated with IMRT. All but 2 patients received concurrent chemotherapy. There was no significant difference in median dose (50.4 Gy, CRT; 50 Gy, IMRT), preoperative vs. postoperative treatment, type of concurrent chemotherapy, or history of previous pelvic RT between the CRT and IMRT patient groups. Patients who received IMRT had significantly less gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity. Sixty-two percent of patients undergoing CRT experienced {>=}Grade 2 acute GI side effects, compared with 32% among IMRT patients (p = 0.006). The reduction in overall GI toxicity was attributable to fewer symptoms from the lower GI tract. Among CRT patients, {>=}Grade 2 diarrhea and enteritis was experienced among 48% and 30% of patients, respectively, compared with 23% (p = 0.02) and 10% (p = 0.015) among IMRT patients. There was no significant difference in hematologic or genitourinary acute toxicity between groups. In addition, pathologic complete response rates and postoperative morbidity between treatment groups did not differ significantly. Conclusions: In the management of rectal cancer, IMRT is associated with a
Gamma-knife for treating pituitary adenomas in 501 cases: Retrospective case analysis
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
BACKGROUND: Gamma-knife is characterized by low risk and low death rate, without trauma, bleeding or infection. MRI has replaced CT as a method of location, and provides a good choice for treating pituitary tumors.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness and complications of 501 cases with pituitary adenoma by using gamma-knife retrospectively.DESIGN: Case-analysis.SETTING: Gamma-knife Center, the 363 Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 501 cases were selected from Gamma-knife Center, the 363 Hospital of Chinese PLA from January 1997 to December 2002. All patients were certainly diagnosed with CT and MRI scanning. There were 186 males and 315 females. Their ages ranged from 15 to 84 years with the mean age of 39 years. All patients provided confirmed consent.METHODS: All 501 cases with pituitary adenomas were treated by gamma-knife or combined with operations: The average iso-dose curve was 50% (30% - 65%), peri-dose was 14 Gy and the average target number was 5.17. ① At 35 months after treatment, patients received follow-up including clinical symptoms,imaging symptoms and endocrine symptoms. ② Patients who received second gamma-knife treatment were analyzed and their complications were observed after operation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Follow-up results of clinical symptoms, image and endocrine indexes; ② second gamma-knife treatment; ③ postoperative complications.RESULTS: Among 501 accepted patients, 275 cases were involved in the follow up of clinical symptoms,154 in image symptoms and 98 in endocrine symptoms. ① Follow-up results of clinical symptoms, image and endocrine indexes: Follow up of clinical symptoms demonstrated that clinical symptoms of 169 cases were relieved, of 68 disappeared, and of 38 deteriorated. Follow-up of image symptoms indicated that pituitary tumor of 25 cases disappeared, of 84 shortened, of 42 not changed, and of 3 enlarged. Follow-up of endocrine symptoms suggested that endocrine of 50 cases was abnormal, of 29
Histiocytoid Sweet syndrome treated with azathioprine: a case report.
Miller, Jonathan; Lee, Nicole; Sami, Naveed
Histiocytoid Sweet syndrome (HSS) is a rare histologic variation of Sweet syndrome (SS) predominantly exhibiting mononuclear histiocytoid cells instead of neutrophils. We report a 22-year-old woman with HSS, who, after minimal improvement with colchicine and dapsone, had significant improvement of her cutaneous eruption and systemic symptoms following empiric treatment with azathioprine. Since azathioprine has historically been known to cause SS, this case highlights a previously unreported treatment response for the histiocytoid variant. PMID:26436977
Histiocytoid Sweet syndrome treated with azathioprine: a case report
Miller, Jonathan; Lee, Nicole; Sami, Naveed
Histiocytoid Sweet syndrome (HSS) is a rare histologic variation of Sweet syndrome (SS) predominantly exhibiting mononuclear histiocytoid cells instead of neutrophils. We report a 22-year-old woman with HSS, who, after minimal improvement with colchicine and dapsone, had significant improvement of her cutaneous eruption and systemic symptoms following empiric treatment with azathioprine. Since azathioprine has historically been known to cause SS, this case highlights a previously unreported t...
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
CHEN Jian-guo; Sankaranarayanan R; SHEN Zhuo-cai; Black RJ; YAO Hong-yu; LI Wen-guang; Parkin DM
Objective: 16,922 patients with cancers from 15 sites of Qidong population-based cancer registry in the period of 1982-1991 were analyzed for evaluation of cancer survival as well as different cancer control measures.Methods: Observed survival rate (OS) was computed by the Kaplan-Meier method using EGRET statistical software package. Relative survival (RS) which is the ratio of the OS to the expected rate was calculated by using Qidong life table with respect to sex, age and calendar period of observation. Results: The five-year OS for the 5 leading sites of cancers, liver, stomach, lung,oesophagus, and rectum were 1.8%, 11.6%, 3.0% 3.3%,and 19.9%, respectively. The five-year RS for the 5 sites were 1.9%, 14.0%, 3.6%, 4.2%, and 23.7%, respectively,in which, 1.7%, 14.8%, 3.4%, 4.2%, and 26.0% for males, and 2.7%, 12.7%, 4.1%, 4.0%, and 22.0% for females, respectively. Female patients with breast cancer and cervix cancer had 5-year RS of 54.6% and 33.0%.Conclusion: Cancer survival rates for all sites are poor,in which that of the liver is the lowest, while that of the breast, the highest. The survivals of cancers for all sites,especially for breast, cervix, and leukemia are seen to be lower than those of European countries except for oesophagus, pancreas and lung cancer which do not achieve improved survival both in developing and developed countries. There will be a long way to improve the total cancer survival, as well as the cancer treatment in the developing countries.
Coexistence of squamous cell tracheal papilloma and carcinoma treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy: a case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Paliouras D
Full Text Available Dimitrios Paliouras,1 Apostolos Gogakos,1 Thomas Rallis,1 Fotios Chatzinikolaou,2 Christos Asteriou,1 Georgios Tagarakis,3 John Organtzis,4 Kosmas Tsakiridis,5 Drosos Tsavlis,4 Athanasios Zissimopoulos,6 Ioannis Kioumis,4 Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt,7 Konstantinos Zarogoulidis,4 Paul Zarogoulidis,4 Nikolaos Barbetakis1 1Thoracic Surgery Department, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, 2Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, 3Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital, 4Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 5Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, "Saint Luke" Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, 6Nuclear Medicine Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece; 7Medical Clinic I, "Fuerth" Hospital, University of Erlangen, Fuerth, Germany Background: Papillomatosis presents, most frequently, as multiple lesions of the respiratory tract, which are usually considered benign. Malignant degeneration into squamous cell carcinoma is quite common, although curative approaches vary a lot in modern literature.Case report: We report a case of a 66-year-old male patient with the coexistence of multiple squamous cell papilloma and carcinoma in the upper trachea with severe airway obstruction that was diagnosed through bronchoscopy and treated by performing an urgent tracheostomy, followed by concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There was no evidence of recurrence after a 12-month follow-up period.Conclusion: This study underlines the diagnostic and therapeutic value of bronchoscopy as well as multimodality palliative treatment in such cases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to describe an immediate treatment protocol with tracheostomy and concurrent chemotherapy/radiotherapy in a patient with squamous cell tracheal papilloma and carcinoma
Metastasis-Induced Acute Pancreatitis Successfully Treated with Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy in a Patient with Small Cell Lung Cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Kerem Okutur
Full Text Available Although involvement of pancreas is a common finding in small cell lung cancer (SCLC, metastasis-induced acute pancreatitis (MIAP is very rare. A 50-year-old female with SCLC who had limited disease and achieved full response after treatment presented with acute pancreatitis during her follow-up. The radiologic studies revealed a small area causing obliteration of the pancreatic duct without mass in the pancreatic neck, and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA confirmed the metastasis of SCLC. The patient was treated successfully with systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy delivered to pancreatic field. In SCLC, cases of MIAP can be encountered with conventional computed tomography with no mass image, and positron emission tomography and EUS-FNA can be useful for diagnosis of such cases. Aggressive systemic and local treatment can prolong survival, especially in patients with good performance status.
Radiation Therapy, Paclitaxel, and Carboplatin With or Without Trastuzumab in Treating Patients With Esophageal Cancer
Adenocarcinoma of the Gastroesophageal Junction; Esophageal Adenocarcinoma; Stage IB Esophageal Cancer; Stage IIA Esophageal Cancer; Stage IIB Esophageal Cancer; Stage IIIA Esophageal Cancer; Stage IIIB Esophageal Cancer
Effects of Combined Chinese Drugs and Chemotherapy in Treating Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
陈衍智; 李占东; 高非; 张莹; 孙红; 李萍萍
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of combined Chinese drugs and chemotherapy in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:Sixty-three patients with stageⅢB andⅣNSCLC hospitalized from October 2001 to October 2008 were enrolled and assigned to two groups using a randomizing digital table,with 33 patients in the treatment group and 30 in the control group. They were all treated with the Navelbine and Cisplatin(NP) chemotherapy,but to the treatment group the Chinese drugs...
Pain management of opioid-treated cancer patients in hospital settings in Denmark
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Lundorff, L.; Peuckmann, V.; Sjøgren, Per
AIM: To evaluate the performance and quality of cancer pain management in hospital settings. METHODS: Anaesthesiologists specialised in pain and palliative medicine studied pain management in departments of oncology and surgery. Study days were randomly chosen and patients treated with oral opioids......-treated patients in hospital settings: however, focussing on average pain intensity, the outcome seems favourable compared with other countries. Pain mechanisms were seldom examined and adjuvant drugs were not specifically used for neuropathic pain. Opioid dosing intervals and supplemental opioid doses were most...
Repeated occurrence of second primary lung cancer at different sites in trachea: a case report.
Lee, Yong Chul; Park, Yun Ji; Gang, Su Jin; Chung, Myung Ja; Kim, So Ri
Multiple or second primary lung cancers can develop at any sites in the lung with same or different histologic types, synchronously and/or metachronously. In case of metachronous occurrence of the second primary lung cancer, it is easy to confuse with the primary lung cancer as a recurrence of precedent lung malignancy treated successfully or metastasis. Previous reports have demonstrated that majority of the second primary lung malignancies have same histologic types regardless of their developing time and location. However, the repeated occurrence of the second primary lung malignancy, in particular with the different histologic features, is a very rare condition.A 62-year-old male who had past history of squamous cell carcinoma treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy and the recurrence of lung malignancy on the trachea, which was also resected successfully visited our hospital due to blood tinged sputum. Evaluation using bronchoscopy and chest computed tomography revealed the tracheal mass looked similar grossly to the previous recurred tracheal mass that was resected surgically. Unexpectedly, the newly developed tracheal mass was confirmed as small cell lung cancer, the different histologic type from previous ones.In this report, we describe an interesting case of subsequent occurrence of second primary lung cancers showing histologic shifting at different sites in trachea, suggesting that it is important for physician to make an effort to identify the histologic characteristics of second primary lung cancers for the correct and adequate treatment no matter what they exhibit similar gross morphology.
The case for immunomodulatory approaches in treating HSV encephalitis.
Ramakrishna, Chandran; Openshaw, Harry; Cantin, Edouard M
HSV encephalitis (HSE) is the most prevalent sporadic viral encephalitis. Although safe and effective antiviral therapies and greatly improved noninvasive diagnostic procedures have significantly improved outcomes, mortality (~20%) and debilitating neurological sequelae in survivors remain unacceptably high. An encouraging new development is that the focus is now shifting away from the virus exclusively, to include consideration of the host immune response to infection in the pathology underlying development of HSE. In this article, the authors discuss results from recent studies in experimental mouse models, as well as clinical reports that demonstrate a role for exaggerated host inflammatory responses in the brain in the development of HSE that is motivating researchers and clinicians to consider new therapeutic approaches for treating HSE. The authors also discuss results from a few studies that have shown that immunomodulatory drugs can be highly protective against HSE, which supports a role for deleterious host inflammatory responses in HSE. The impressive outcomes of some immunomodulatory approaches in mouse models of HSE emphasize the urgent need for clinical trials to rigorously evaluate combination antiviral and immunomodulatory therapy in comparison with standard antiviral therapy for treatment of HSE, and support for such an initiative is gaining momentum.
Traumatic spinal fracture treated by vertebroplasty: a case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Tender Gabriel
Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Surgical treatment for lumbar burst fractures is complex and typically involves either a retroperitoneal corpectomy and/or a posterior pedicle screw fixation. We describe the case of a patient with a lumbar burst fracture who was cured via a less invasive approach that has not been previously reported as standalone treatment. Case presentation This 25-year-old Caucasian man presented with excruciating axial low back pain exacerbated by any attempt to elevate the head of the bed after a motor vehicle accident. Computed tomography demonstrated a burst L4 fracture without spinal canal compromise. The patient underwent a bilateral vertebroplasty with an injectable polymer that mimics cortical bone. Postoperatively, the patient was progressively mobilized in a thoracolumbar spinal orthosis brace without any recurrence of pain. Postoperative computed tomography showed no loss of height in the L4 vertebral body. At one-year postoperatively, the patient was symptom free and the computed tomography scan showed good fracture healing. Conclusion Retroperitoneal corpectomy and/or posterior multi-segment fixation for lumbar burst fractures without neural compression in young patients are associated with loss of mobility and potential future adjacent level disease. Our limited vertebroplasty intervention with close postoperative clinical monitoring has not been previously described as standalone treatment, and it offers the advantages of less operative morbidity and maintenance of lumbar mobility in selected patients.
Human case of fasciolosis in Serbia treated with triclabendazole
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Pavlović Milorad
Full Text Available Introduction. The number of humans infected by Fasciola hepatica is increasing worldwide. Humans can become accidental hosts by ingesting drinking water or plants contaminated with metacercariae. Case report. We reported a case of a 68-year-old Serbian woman, in which the diagnosis of acute fasciolosis had been established after serious diagnostic concerns. Based on clinical picture (episodic right upper quadrant abdominal pain, febrility and generalized body pain and biochemical analyses (high eosinophilia and high activity of alkaline phosphatase, she was appointed as suspected to the acute fasciolosis. Stool and duodenal aspirate exams were negative for Fasciola ova. In the absence of adequate serologic diagnostic for fasciolosis in Serbia, the diagnosis was confirmed using enzyme immunoassays and immunoblot at the Institute for Tropical Diseases in Hamburg, Germany. Soon after triclabendazole was administered, the symptoms disappeared and biochemical values returned to normal. Conclusion. The diagnosis of human fasciolosis may be problematic and delayed, especially in non endemic areas, because physicians rarely encounter this disease and a long list of other diseases must be considered in the differential diagnosis. The syndrome of eosinophilia, fever, and right upper quadrant abdominal pain suggest acute fasciolosis. Unclear source does not rule out fasciolosis.
EGFR expression level predicts response and overall survival in gastric cancer PDTX model treated with cetuximab
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Objective:hTe aim of this study was to determine whether the EGFR statuscould significantly predict some benefit in overall survival and response to cetuximab in advanced GC xenografts.Methods: Two hundred xenografts derived from 20 GC patients were established. Then they were divided into cetuximab treated group and control group randomly.Results:Among the cetuximab treated group, 4 GC cases were identified responded to cetuximab.hTose cetuximab treated PDX models had longer OS than non-treated. High EGFR mRNA expression and immunohistochemistry score are more prone to response to cetuximab. EGFR amplification, mRNA and protein overexpression were associated with the OS in cetuximab treated PDX models. Moreover, in the PDX models derived from EGFR ampliifcation, mRNA or protein overexpression cases, the OS is signiifcantly different between the cetuximab treated and control group, while the OS in not statistically different in other cases.Conclusion:EGFR status predicts sensitivity to therapy and survival in GC treated with cetuximab, especially the mRNA and protein expression level.
Acetylsalicylic Acid Compared to Placebo in Treating High-Risk Patients With Subsolid Lung Nodules | Division of Cancer Prevention
This randomized phase II trial studies acetylsalicylic acid compared to placebo in treating high-risk patients with subsolid lung nodules. A nodule is a growth or lump that may be malignant (cancer) or benign (not cancer). Chemoprevention is the use of drugs to keep cancer from forming or coming back. The use of acetylsalicylic acid may keep cancer from forming in patients with subsolid lung nodules. |
The 10-Year Local Recurrence and Partial Breast Radiotherapy for Early Breast Cancer Treated by Conservative Surgery
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Zhizhen Wang; Ruiying Li
OBJECTIVE To study the local recurrence and the role of whole breast radiotherapy for early breast cancer treated by conservative surgery.METHODS From April 1990 to December 2000, 49 patients with early primary breast cancer were treated by conservative surgery in our hospital. The cases were comprised of Stage 0, 1; Stage Ⅰ, 31; and Stage Ⅱa,17. Forty cases underwent quadrantectomy plus axillary lymph node dissection, and the other 9 cases had lumpectomy alone. Irradiation, which was received by 39 patients, was administered by using low tangential half fields with 6 MV X-ray to decrease the pulmonary irradiative volume.The dose to the whole breast was 45 Gy/22~23f/4.5W, then a 15 Gy boost dose was delivered to the tumor bed by an electron beam. The other patients underwent an irradiated regional field according to postoperative pathology.RESULTS All patients were followed-up for 10 years or more. The 10year local recurrence rates, distant metastasis rates and survival rates were 6.1%, 4.1% and 98.0% respectively. All of the 3 patients who had a local recurrence had infiltrative carcinomas and negative lymph nodes.The 10-year local recurrence rate was higher (2.6% vs. 20.0%) with nonpostoperative whole breast radiotherapy, but the statistical difference was not marked because of the low number of cases. All of the recurrent lesions localized within 3 cm of the primary lesion.CONCLUSION Original recurrence of the tumor was the main type of local recurrence. Radiotherapy after conservative surgery is very essential.After conservative surgery it is feasible that irradiation can be delivered alone to the neighboring region of the tumor bed. Partial breast radiotherapy can substitute for whole breast radiotherapy.
Sunitinib Malate in Treating Patients With Iodine-Refractory Recurrent or Metastatic Thyroid Cancer
Recurrent Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVA Follicular Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVA Papillary Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVB Follicular Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVB Papillary Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVC Follicular Thyroid Cancer; Stage IVC Papillary Thyroid Cancer; Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma
Cabazitaxel Plus Prednisone With Octreotide For Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) Previously Treated With Docetaxel
Diarrhea; Hormone-resistant Prostate Cancer; Recurrent Prostate Cancer; Stage I Prostate Cancer; Stage IIA Prostate Cancer; Stage IIB Prostate Cancer; Stage III Prostate Cancer; Stage IV Prostate Cancer
Effects of bestatin on the host immunity in patients treated for urogenital cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
To examine effects of bestatin on the host immunity of patients with urogenital cancer, 54 patients were randomized into 2 groups: bestatin treated and controls. In each group, the patients were divided into 2 subgroups: one which received basic treatment expected to greatly affect host immunity ('invasive treatment') while the other one received other types of basic treatment ('non-invasive treatment'). Peripheral lymphocyte, OKT 4/8 ratio and purified protein derivative (PPD) skin reaction were used as immunological markers. There were significant differences in the 'invasive' treatment group between bestatin treated patients and controls concerning lymphocyte counts and PPD skin reactions and in the 'non-invasive' group concerning lymphocyte counts and OKT 4/8 ratios. These results suggest that bestatin may potentiate host immunity in patients with urogenital cancer. Further studies on larger materials are, however, needed before more definite conclusions can be drawn. (orig.)
Significance of p16 expression in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy and cetuximab
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Heiduschka, Gregor; Thurnher, Dietmar [Medical University of Vienna, Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna (Austria); Grah, Anja; Kranz, Alexander; Selzer, Edgar [Medical University of Vienna, Department of Radiotherapy, Vienna (Austria); Oberndorfer, Felicitas; Wrba, Fritz [Medical University of Vienna, Department of Clinical Pathology, Vienna (Austria); Seemann, Rudolf [Medical University of Vienna, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Vienna (Austria); Kornek, Gabriela [Medical University of Vienna, Department of Medicine I - Division of Clinical Oncology, Vienna (Austria)
HPV-infection, p16 positivity, and EGFR expression have been correlated with favorable responses of head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy. However, a possible correlation of HPV/p16 and EGFR status on the effect of RT in combination with cetuximab has not been sufficiently investigated. We analyzed tumor samples for p16 and EGFR expression and correlated these variables with treatment outcome. Cox-proportional-hazard regression models were applied to compare the risk of death among patients stratified according to risk factors. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results were compared with an institutional historical control group treated without cetuximab and with published data. Expression of p16 was predominantly found in oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer patients (OPSCC; 36.6 % positivity; 92 % of all cases), while EGFR was expressed at high levels in all tumor subsites (82 %). p16 expression was associated with improved overall survival in irradiated OPSCC patients (2-year overall survival of 80 % in p16-positive vs. 33 % overall survival in p16-negative patients). In a multivariable analysis covering all tumor sites, nodal stage (> N2a vs. ≤ N2a) and tumor site (OPSSC vs. non-OPSCC) had an impact on overall survival. Our results show that p16 positivity is associated with a favorable outcome in OPSCC patients treated with RT and cetuximab. (orig.) [German] HPV-Infektion, p16-Positivitaet und EGFR-Expression wurden bei Kopf-Hals-Tumorpatienten, die mit einer Strahlentherapie (RT) mit oder ohne Chemotherapie behandelt wurden, mit einem besseren Ergebnis in Verbindung gebracht. Bis jetzt wurde eine solche Korrelation bei Patienten, die mit einer RT in Kombination mit Cetuximab therapiert wurden, nicht untersucht. Es wurden die p16- und die EGFR-Expression in Tumormaterial untersucht und die Daten mit dem Behandlungsergebnissen korreliert. Um die Sterberisiken zu vergleichen, wurden Cox
Real-life experience using trabectedin plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin combination to treat patients with relapsed ovarian cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Saad Tahir
Full Text Available The goal of recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC treatment is no longer just palliation, but prolonging survival. This is usually through administering a new line of chemotherapy at each relapse. A novel treatment sequencing strategy to achieve this is through the intercalation of an effective non-platinum alternative, in between platinum-based therapies. Trabectedin in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD has been fully available privately in the UK since 2009 for treating patients with ROC. A single institution's experience with the trabectedin + PLD combination, as a non-platinum/non-taxane alternative, to intercalate between platinum-based therapies is reported here. To date 6 patients have been successfully treated with trabectedin + PLD at Broomfield Hospital, Chelmsford, Essex. Here we describe a new, practice-changing treatment approach in a real-life case study of a heavily-treated patient with advanced ROC treated with trabectedin + PLD at fourth-line and then subsequently rechallenged at seventh-line; with treatment continuing until disease progression.
Vaccine Therapy in Treating Patients With Colon, Pancreatic, or Lung Cancer
Recurrent Colon Cancer; Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer; Stage III Pancreatic Cancer; Stage III Rectal Cancer; Limited Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer; Recurrent Pancreatic Cancer; Recurrent Rectal Cancer; Stage III Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; Stage I Pancreatic Cancer; Stage II Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; Stage IVB Pancreatic Cancer; Stage II Pancreatic Cancer; Stage III Colon Cancer; Stage IVA Pancreatic Cancer
[Osteoid osteoma in children: 5 cases treated with electrocoagulation].
Gilliaux, O; de Wispelaere, J-F; Charlier, H; Bodart, E
Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor. Its diagnosis is often delayed despite typical symptoms: severe pain mainly situated on the lower limbs and characteristically worse at night. Once diagnosed, an antalgic treatment by aspirin is well known to be very effective in relieving pain. Osteoid osteoma will resolve spontaneously. If symptoms persist despite the use of aspirin, surgery can be performed to remove the tumor. Percutaneous electrocoagulation can be performed instead of surgical resection as a less invasive procedure. The success rate of surgery and percutaneous electrocoagulation is comparable. We reviewed the cases of 5 patients who were hospitalized in our institution for percutaneous electrocoagulation of an osteoid osteoma. We compared them to the literature.
Forty Cases of Simple Obesity Treated by Acupuncture
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@ Obesity, a dystrophic disease most frequently seen in modern society, has become one of the worldwide health concerns. Obesity not only affects the body shape, but also has close relations to angiocardiopathy, diabetes, hypertension,hyperlipemia and fatty liver. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of obesity have become a major problem facing the medical workers. At present, there are a lot of therapies for obesity,including pharmacotherapy, acupuncture therapy,dietary therapy, exercise therapy, and surgical therapy. Acupuncture therapy, with its unique advantages of safety, effectiveness, simplicity, less expense and no toxic side-effects, becomes more and more popular among the patients. In this study,40 cases of simple obesity were chosen to clinically observe the curative effect of acupuncturetherapy for simple obesity.
Coblation cryptolysis to treat tonsil stones: a retrospective case series.
Chang, Christopher Y; Thrasher, Richard
We introduce a novel and potentially effective approach in the treatment of tonsil stones using Coblation technology. A retrospective pilot case series was performed demonstrating the effectiveness of a technique that we call Coblation tonsil cryptolysis. This technique is unique in that it can be performed in adult patients without sedation using only local anesthesia, much like laser tonsil cryptolysis. As with laser cryptolysis, pain is significant for only a few days and most adults can resume normal diet and activity within 1 week. In contrast, tonsillectomy entails significant morbidity for several weeks. However, Coblation avoids the significant disadvantages of laser use, including the potential for airway fire, retinal damage from reflected scatter, dealing with plume from vaporized tissues, oral/facial burns, and the high cost of purchasing and maintaining laser equipment. After a single session of Coblation tonsil cryptolysis, a significant decrease and even elimination of tonsil stones can potentially be achieved.
TheraBite exercises to treat trismus secondary to head and neck cancer
Kamstra, Jolanda I.; Roodenburg, Jan L. N.; Beurskens, Carien H. G.; Reintsema, Harry; Pieter U Dijkstra
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of TheraBite exercises on mouth opening and to analyze factors influencing this effect in a patient record evaluation. Effect of exercises with a TheraBite to treat trismus was evaluated in 69 head and neck cancer patients of two university medical centers. Mouth opening was measured as interincisal distance in millimeters. Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics were analyzed for their relationship with change in mouth opening. Variables...
Traumatic Persistent Trigeminal Artery - Cavernous Sinus Fistula Treated by Transcatheter Arterial Embolization: A Case Report
Asai, K.; Hasuo, K; Hara, T.; Miyagishima, T.; Terano, N.
We describe a rare case of traumatic persistent trigeminal artery (PTA) - cavernous sinus fistula. Cerebral angiography showed direct communication between the right PTA and the cavernous sinus which was treated by transcathether arterial embolization. Although previous reports have indicated the use of more coils to treat this condition, we successfully treated the patient with only two coils placed near the orifice of the fistula after sufficient anatomical evaluation.
Traumatic persistent trigeminal artery--cavernous sinus fistula treated by transcatheter arterial embolization. A case report.
Asai, K; Hasuo, K; Hara, T; Miyagishima, T; Terano, N
We describe a rare case of traumatic persistent trigeminal artery (PTA) - cavernous sinus fistula. Cerebral angiography showed direct communication between the right PTA and the cavernous sinus which was treated by transcathether arterial embolization. Although previous reports have indicated the use of more coils to treat this condition, we successfully treated the patient with only two coils placed near the orifice of the fistula after sufficient anatomical evaluation. PMID:20377986
Patient profile and treatment outcome of rectal cancer patients treated with multimodality therapy at a regional cancer center
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Deo Suryanarayana
Full Text Available BACKGROUND : Incidence of rectal cancer has wide geographical variation. Disease pattern in developing countries is different from developed countries as majority of the patients present in advanced stage because of delayed referral and lack of uniform treatment practices. AIMS : Present study describes the patient profile and treatment results from a tertiary care cancer center in India. SETTING AND DESIGN : Tertiary care Regional cancer center. Retrospective analysis 89 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma treated between 1995 and 2002 were analyzed. METHODS: Patients with adenocarcinoma rectum were evaluated in a G.I. Oncology clinic and were treated using multimodality protocols involving surgery, radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS : A descriptive analysis of patient and disease profile,treatment patterns and out come was performed. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS : Mean age of the patients was 45.4 years and majority of them had tumor in lower third of rectum with evidence of extrarectal spread. Seventy five percent of the patients underwent curative resection with abdominoperineal resection being the commonest procedure. Forty seven percent of patients were given short course preoperative radiotherapy and the remaining received postoperative radiotherapy. Sixty four percent of patients could complete planned adjuvant chemotherapy. Operative mortality was 2% and 23% had morbidity. Local recurrence rate was 8.9%. 5-year disease free and overall survival was 54% and 58% respectively. CONCLUSION : Majority of rectal cancer patients present with locally advanced and low rectal growths leading to low sphincter salvage rates. Despite the advanced stage of presentation optimal oncologic results can be obtained by using a good surgical techniques in combination with adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Short course preoperative radiotherapy seems to be more feasible in Indian context
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
WANG Lin-yu
@@ Insomnia is a commonly encountered sleep disorder in clinical practice. The author of the present paper treated 40 cases of insomnia with acupuncture and massage combined with music therapy and achieved satisfied outcomes. Following is the report.
Chromosome inversions in lymphocytes of prostate cancer patients treated with X-rays and carbon ions
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Background and purpose: To investigate the cytogenetic damage of the intrachange type in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients treated for prostate cancer with different radiation qualities. Material and methods: Prostate cancer patients were enrolled in a clinical trial based at the Heidelberg University Hospital and at the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research in 2006. Patients were treated either with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) alone or with a carbon-ion boost followed by IMRT. Blood samples were collected at the end of the therapy and the mBAND technique was used to investigate the cytogenetic damage of the inter and intrachange types. Moreover, the mBAND analysis was performed on healthy donor cells irradiated in vitro with X-rays or C-ions. Results: Our results show no statistically significant differences in the yield and the spectrum of chromosome aberrations among patients treated only with IMRT and patients receiving the combined treatment when similar target volumes and doses to the target are compared. Conclusion: The study suggests that the risks of normal tissue late effects and second malignancies in prostate cancer patients are comparable when heavy ions or IMRT radiotherapy are applied
Ipilimumab After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Persistent or Progressive Cancer
Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With 11q23 (MLL) Abnormalities; Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Inv(16)(p13;q22); Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(15;17)(q22;q12); Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(16;16)(p13;q22); Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(8;21)(q22;q22); Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Negative; Childhood Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive; Disseminated Neuroblastoma; Malignant Neoplasm; Ovarian Choriocarcinoma; Ovarian Embryonal Carcinoma; Ovarian Immature Teratoma; Ovarian Mature Teratoma; Ovarian Mixed Germ Cell Tumor; Ovarian Monodermal and Highly Specialized Teratoma; Ovarian Polyembryoma; Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor; Previously Treated Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Recurrent Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Recurrent Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Recurrent Adult Burkitt Lymphoma; Recurrent Adult Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma; Recurrent Adult Diffuse Mixed Cell Lymphoma; Recurrent Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Adult Immunoblastic Large Cell Lymphoma; Recurrent Adult Lymphoblastic Lymphoma; Recurrent Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma; Recurrent Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Mantle Cell Lymphoma; Recurrent Neuroblastoma; Recurrent Ovarian Epithelial Cancer; Recurrent Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor; Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; Refractory Multiple Myeloma; Relapsing Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Stage I Multiple Myeloma; Stage II Multiple Myeloma; Stage II Ovarian Epithelial Cancer; Stage III Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor; Stage III Multiple Myeloma; Stage III Ovarian Epithelial Cancer; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer; Stage IIIC Breast Cancer; Stage IV Breast Cancer; Stage IV Ovarian Epithelial Cancer; Testicular Choriocarcinoma; Testicular Choriocarcinoma and Embryonal Carcinoma; Testicular Choriocarcinoma and Seminoma; Testicular Choriocarcinoma and Teratoma; Testicular Choriocarcinoma and Yolk Sac Tumor; Testicular Embryonal Carcinoma; Testicular
Where do patients treated for oral cancer die? A 20-year cohort study 1992-2011.
Kamisetty, A; Magennis, P; Mayland, C; Jack, B; Lowe, D; Rogers, S N
Of 1290 consecutive patients treated between 1992 and 2011 for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity at a regional centre, 750 had died by August 2013. About half of them (n=373) died in hospital, 113 (15%) in a hospice, 180 (24%) at home, 57 (8%) in a care home, and 22 (3%) elsewhere. Cancer was the underlying cause of death in 64%, and of them, 56% were oral cancers. The place of death was strongly associated with the age at death and cancer being the underlying cause. The percentage of people who died from cancer at home or in a hospice rose over time across all age groups and, from 2010, accounted for two-thirds. In contrast, less than 1 in 5 who did not die from cancer, died at home or in a hospice, and in this there has been no discernible change over the last 20 years. The percentage of deaths from cancer in hospital and hospice ranged from 32%-38% and 20%-29%, respectively, across age groups. An increase in the number of deaths from cancer in care homes in those aged 75 years and over was mirrored by fewer at home. Most of those who did not die from cancer, died in hospital, two-thirds were under 65 years, 85% were aged 65-84, and 56% were older. This was mirrored by fewer deaths at home in those under 85 and more in care homes in those over 75. In conclusion, our findings suggest that patients' preferences not to die in hospital are being realised. However, at the end of their lives, patients and their carers need more support at home, and more research is required.
Does hospital discharge policy influence sick-leave patterns in the case of female breast cancer?
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Lindqvist, Rikard; Stenbeck, Magnus; Diderichsen, Finn
The objective was to investigate how differences among hospitals in the shift from in-patient care to day surgery and a reduced hospital length of stay affect the sick-leave period for female patients surgically treated for breast cancer. All women aged 18-64 who were diagnosed with breast cancer...... in 2000 were selected from the National Cancer Register and combined with data from the sick-leave database of the National Social Insurance Board and the National Hospital Discharge Register (N = 1834). A multi-factorial model was fitted to the data to investigate how differences in hospital care......, and readmission. Women treated with breast-conserving surgery had a 54.7-day (-71.9 day-surgery cases had 24.3 (-47.5 days shorter sick-leave than those who received overnight care...
A Case Report of Telangiectatic Rosacea Treated with Long Pulsed Nd-YAG Laser
Can Ergin
Rosacea is a chronic enflammatory skin disease characterized by facial erythema, telangiectasia, papules and pustules. A variety of topical and systemic medications are used in the treatment of the disease. Recently, erythema and telangiectasia in rosacea patients have been frequently treated with laser applications. Herein, we present a case of rosacea whose telangiectasia were successfully treated with Nd-YAG laser treatment.
Survival of cancer patients treated with mistletoe extract (Iscador: a systematic literature review
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Büssing Arndt
Full Text Available Abstract Background In Europe, extracts from Viscum album (VA-E, the European white-berry mistletoe, are widely used to treat patients with cancer. Methods We searched several databases such as Cochrane, EMBASE, NCCAM, NLM, DIMDI, CAMbase, and Medline. Inclusion criteria were controlled clinical studies on parameters associated with survival in cancer patients treated with Iscador. Outcome data were extracted as they were given in the publication, and expressed as hazard ratios (HR, their logarithm, and the respective standard errors using standard formulas. Results We found 49 publications on the clinical effects of Iscador usage on survival of cancer patients which met our criteria. Among them, 41 studies and strata provided enough data to extract hazard ratios (HR and their standard errors (Iscador versus no extra treatment. The majority of studies reported positive effects in favour of the Iscador application. Heterogeneity of study results was moderate (I2 = 38.3%, p Conclusions Pooled analysis of clinical studies suggests that adjuvant treatment of cancer patients with the mistletoe extract Iscador is associated with a better survival. Despite obvious limitations, and strong hints for a publication bias which limits the evidence found in this meta-analysis, one can not ignore the fact that studies with positive effects of VA-E on survival of cancer patients are accumulating. Future studies evaluating the effects of Iscador should focus on a transparent design and description of endpoints in order to provide greater insight into a treatment often being depreciated as ineffective, but highly valued by cancer patients.
Complicated distal femoral epiphyseolysis treated by Ilizarov method: Case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jovanović Vesna
Full Text Available Introduction Injuries of the distal femur are rare in children; however, they are frequently associated with complications. They are almost always physeal, most frequently Salter-Harris type II epiphyseolysis. The treatment of such injuries is similar in all physeal injuries. It is intended to provide growth plate recovery by gentle reduction and stable fixation thus preventing secondary complications, and also to provide decompression of the segment to solve the compartment syndrome and recover the neurovascular structures. Case Outline A seven-year old boy presented with a right knee injury while sleigh riding. He was admitted three weeks following the injury with distal femoral epiphysiolysis associated with peroneal palsy. A day after admission to our Institute the reduction was performed using the Ilizarov device. Physical therapy was started immediately after surgery, as well as walking with weight bearing on the operated leg. Five months after surgery the patient was anatomically and functionally recovered. Conclusion The presented method is recommended in the treatment of such injuries because of several reasons; reposition is simple and complete, there is no need to open the fracture site, fixation is stable, the growth plate is preserved, there is no need for additional external immobilisation, and physical therapy involving walking with weight bearing on the operated leg may be started immediately after surgery. .
Salmonella aortitis treated with endovascular aortic repair: a case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Strahm Carol
Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Salmonella is a typical cause of aortitis, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In infrarenal disease, besides open surgery, endovascular aortic repair as an alternative treatment has been reported. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first successful endovascular aortic repair documented by necropsy to date. Case presentation A 67-year-old Caucasian man presented with low back pain, fever and positive blood cultures for Salmonella Enteritidis. A computed tomography scan showed an enlargement and intramural hematoma of the infrarenal aortic wall; a Salmonella aortitis was suspected and antimicrobial therapy initiated. Because of substantial comorbidities, endovascular aortic repair was favored over open surgery; postoperatively the antibiotic treatment was continued for 12 months. Post-mortem there were neither macroscopic nor microscopic signs of aortitis or graft infection. Conclusions We could demonstrate by necropsy that endovascular aortic repair of infrarenal aortitis with prolonged pre- and postinterventional antibiotic therapy for 12 months was a minimally invasive alternative and should be considered in selected clinically stable patients with substantial co-morbidities.
Thyroid gland metastasis arising from breast cancer: A case report
Yang, Mei; WANG, WEI; ZHANG, CHENFANG
The thyroid gland is an uncommon site for metastasis to develop and thus metastases arising from breast cancer are rarely observed. In the present study, we describe a case of a 45-year-old female with a three-year history of breast cancer who presented with a thyroid mass that was diagnosed as metastatic breast carcinoma by histopathological analysis of the subtotal thyroidectomy specimen. To ascertain the diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer, we evaluated two types of markers; those that p...
REPRODUCTIVE FACTORS AND COLORECTAL CANCER RISK. Case - control study.
Adriana Ruseva; Radka Lazarova; Ilko Kosturkov; Vesselina Ianachkova; Stella Yordanova; Zhivka Boneva; Diana Nikolovska
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The role of the female sex hormones in the etiology of the disease is very intriguing. Reproductive factors are surrogate measure of lifetime exposition to the sex hormones. Purpose: Our aim is to investigate the association between the reproductive factors and colorectal carcinoma risk. Materials and methods: We include 234 Bulgarian women in our study – 117 cases with colorectal cancer and the same number of healthy contr...
Risk factors for ovarian cancer: a case-control study.
Booth, M.; Beral, V; SMITH, P.
A hospital-based case-control study of ovarian cancer was conducted in London and Oxford between October 1978 and February 1983. Menstrual characteristics, reproductive and contraceptive history and history of exposure to various environmental factors were compared between 235 women with histologically diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer and 451 controls. High gravidity, hysterectomy, female sterilisation and oral contraceptive use were associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer. Infert...
Incidences of overall and site specific cancers in TNFα inhibitor treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other arthritides - a follow-up study from the DANBIO Registry
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Dreyer, Lene; Mellemkjær, Lene; Andersen, Anne Rødgaard;
To investigate the incidence of cancer in arthritis patients treated with or without TNFα inhibitors (TNF-I).......To investigate the incidence of cancer in arthritis patients treated with or without TNFα inhibitors (TNF-I)....
Perfusion lymphoscintigraphy using sup 99m Tc-human serum albumin in patients with treated uterine cancer
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kataoka, Masaaki; Kawamura, Masashi; Nishiyama, Yasuyuki; Itoh, Hisao; Hamamoto, Ken; Hamada, Katsuyuki; Matsuura, Shumpei (Ehime Univ., Shigenobu (Japan). School of Medicine)
Perfusion lymphoscintigraphy was performed by subcutaneous injection of 7.4 MBq (0.2 mCi) {sup 99m}Tc-human serum albumin ({sup 99m}Tc-HSA) in 25 patients with uterine cancer treated by operation and/or irradiation. Radioactivity at the injection site was counted for 3 min at 10 min (a) and at 3 hr (b) after injection, and the clearance of {sup 99m}Tc-HSA was defined as (1-(b)/(a))x100(%) ((a) and (b) were corrected for decay of the isotope). The clearance in legs with lymphedema was significantly more delayed than those in legs without lymphedema in patients treated with both operation and irradiation (16.6{+-}7.7% vs 34.9{+-}9.3%; p<0.01) and in patients treated with radiation therapy alone (33.1{+-}7.4 vs 48.0{+-}5.6; p<0.01). The clearances in edematous legs in a case which had developed venous occulusion after operation were 44.2% and 41.7%, which were almost the same as those in the non-edematous patients treated with operation alone. Clearance in patients treated with both operation and irradiation were significantly more delayed than those in patients treated with a single modality of operation or irradiation (30.1{+-}11.4% vs 41.9{+-}8.9%, 42.0{+-}9.7%, respectively; p<0.01). Radiation doses at points B were well correlated with clearance of {sup 99m}Tc-HSA (p<0.05). These data suggest that perfusion lymphoscintigraphy using {sup 99m}Tc-HSA is useful for evaluating the patients with lymphedema and for differentiating it from the edema caused by the other mechanisms. It is also suggested that radiation dose is one of factors in the occurrence of lymphedema. (author).
Second Malignanat Solid Neoplasms in Children Treated with Radiotherapy-Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can effectively control cancer but can also cause new second cancers to develop as long-term complications especially in childhood cancer. We experienced two patients with second malignant solid neoplasm who had been treated with radiation and chemotherapy for childhood cancers. One female patients with rhabdomyosarcoma of the right popliteal fossa was treated with radiotherapy at total dose of 54 Gy. Three years and seven months later, osteosarcoma developed in the field of radiation therapy. The other male patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the small bowel was treated with radiotherapy and leiomyosarcoma developed in the field of radiotherapy 18 years later. We reviewed the literature of the second malignant neoplasm in children in respect of risk factors. The risk for a second primary cancer following radiotherapy or chemotherapy emphasizes the need for life long follow-up of patients receiving such treatments. Particularly patients treated for childhood cancers
[A case of cardiac angiosarcoma successfully treated with docetaxel].
Ishibashi, Naoya; Mitachi, Yasushi; Sugawara, Shigeo; Shinozaki, Shigeru; Miura, Makoto; Fukuju, Takeo; Katahira, Yoshiaki; Koyama, Kaneki; Fujikawa, Nanako; Kato, Taizo; Murakami, Kazuhiro
We report a case of angiosarcoma of the right atrium presenting superior vena cava syndrome. The patient was a 61-year-old man. Echocardiography, CT and MRI revealed a tumor arising in the anterior wall of the right atrium. The tumor was hen-egg sized and unresectable because of the invasion of the pericardium, the right ventricular wall and the superior vena cava. An open biopsy and left brachiocephalic vein-right atrium bypass grafting were performed. The pathological diagnosis was angiosarcoma. The patient agreed to chemotherapy with docetaxel, which is known to be often effective against angiosarcoma of the scalp or face. After 5 courses of docetaxel administration (30 mg/m2 on day 1, 8 and 15 followed by 14 days. rest as one course), echocardiography and CT showed a remarkable tumor reduction, which was evaluated as a partial response. The chemotherapy was suspended for 8 months because of neutropenia and general fatigue as side effects of docetaxel. The administration of docetaxel was resumed and 4 courses were performed. The tumor, however, became resistant to docetaxel and formed metastatic involvements in the liver. Following treatments with paclitaxel, IL-2 and CPT-11 were ineffective for the primary tumor and liver metastases. He died of cardiac tamponade caused by massive hemorrhage into the pericardiac space from the tumor surface. He had long-term survival 31 months after the diagnosis. An effective treatment for cardiac angiosarcoma has not yet been established. Chemotherapy with docetaxel should be considered in the treatment of patients with cardiac angiosarcoma. PMID:18030022
A Rare Case: Gastric Cancer; Involving Primery Thoracal Vertebral Metastases
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Harun Arslan
Full Text Available Primery bone metastases rarely occur in gastric cancer. Bone metastases indicate that the prognosis is bad. In that article we present a case that is diagnosed as a gastric cancer with primary bone metasteses that caused pathologic thoracal vertebral fracture seenby computer ised tomography.
Raoultella ornithinolytica bacteremia in cancer patients: report of three cases.
Hadano, Yoshiro; Tsukahara, Mika; Ito, Kenta; Suzuki, Jun; Kawamura, Ichiro; Kurai, Hanako
Raoultella ornithinolytica is a Gram-negative aerobic bacillus reclassified in the new genus from the Klebsiella species based on new genetic approaches; however, human infections caused by R. ornithinolytica are rare. We herein report three cases of R. ornithinolytica bacteremia associated with biliary tract infections in cancer patients. R. ornithinolytica can be a causative pathogen of biliary tract infection in cancer patients.
A Rare Case: Gastric Cancer; Involving Primery Thoracal Vertebral Metastases
Harun Arslan
Primery bone metastases rarely occur in gastric cancer. Bone metastases indicate that the prognosis is bad. In that article we present a case that is diagnosed as a gastric cancer with primary bone metasteses that caused pathologic thoracal vertebral fracture seenby computer ised tomography.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
N. V. Sevyan
Full Text Available Cerebral metastases cancer of the larynx are rare and poorly understood pathology, many questions of diagnostics and treatment of this pathology remain open. In the work presents clinical cases сerebral metastases cancer of the larynx. Special attention is paid to surgical treatment in complex with chemotherapy.
Propensity-Weighted Comparison of Long-Term Risk of Urinary Adverse Events in Elderly Women Treated For Cervical Cancer
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Elliott, Sean P., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (United States); Fan, Yunhua; Jarosek, Stephanie [Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (United States); Chu, Haitao [Department of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (United States); Downs, Levi [Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (United States); Dusenbery, Kathryn [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (United States); Geller, Melissa A. [Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (United States); Virnig, Beth A. [Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (United States)
Purpose: Cervical cancer treatment is associated with a risk of urinary adverse events (UAEs) such as ureteral stricture and vesicovaginal fistula. We sought to measure the long-term UAE risk after surgery and radiation therapy (RT), with confounding controlled through propensity-weighted models. Methods and Materials: From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database, we identified women ≥66 years old with nonmetastatic cervical cancer treated with simple surgery (SS), radical hysterectomy (RH), external beam RT plus brachytherapy (EBRT+BT), or RT+surgery. We matched them to noncancer controls 1:3. Differences in demographic and cancer characteristics were balanced by propensity weighting. Grade 3 to 4 UAEs were identified by diagnosis codes plus treatment codes. Cumulative incidence was measured using Kaplan-Meier methods. The hazard associated with different cancer treatments was compared using Cox models. Results: UAEs occurred in 272 of 1808 cases (17%) and 222 of 5424 (4%) controls; most (62%) were ureteral strictures. The raw cumulative incidence of UAEs was highest in advanced cancers. UAEs occurred in 31% of patients after EBRT+BT, 25% of patients after RT+surgery, and 15% of patients after RH; however, after propensity weighting, the incidence was similar. In adjusted Cox models (reference = controls), the UAE risk was highest after RT+surgery (hazard ratio [HR], 5.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.32-11.07), followed by EBRT+BT (HR, 3.33; 95% CI, 1.45-7.65), RH (HR, 3.65; 95% CI, 1.41-9.46) and SS (HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.32-3.01). The higher risk after RT+surgery versus EBRT+BT was statistically significant, whereas, EBRT+BT and RH were not significantly different from each other. Conclusions: UAEs are common after cervical cancer treatment, particularly in patients with advanced cancers. UAEs are more common after RT, but these women tend to have the advanced cancers. After propensity weighting, the risk after RT was similar
Inhalable self-assembled albumin nanoparticles for treating drug-resistant lung cancer.
Choi, Seong Ho; Byeon, Hyeong Jun; Choi, Ji Su; Thao, Lequang; Kim, Insoo; Lee, Eun Seong; Shin, Beom Soo; Lee, Kang Choon; Youn, Yu Seok
Direct pulmonary delivery of anti-cancer agents is viewed as an effective way of treating lung cancer. Here, we fabricated inhalable nanoparticles made of human serum albumin (HSA) conjugated with doxorubicin and octyl aldehyde and adsorbed with apoptotic TRAIL protein (TRAIL/Dox HSA-NP). The octyl aldehyde and doxorubicin endowed HSA with significant hydrophobicity that facilitated self-assembly. TRAIL/Dox HSA-NP was found to have excellent particle size (~340nm), morphology, dispersability, and aerosolization properties. TRAIL/Dox HSA-NP displayed synergistic cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity in H226 lung cancer cells vs. HSA-NP containing TRAIL or Dox alone. TRAIL/Dox HSA-NP was well deposited in the mouse lungs using an aerosolizer, and TRAIL and Dox-HSA were found to be gradually released over 3days. The anti-tumor efficacy of pulmonary administered TRAIL/Dox HSA-NP was evaluated in BALB/c nu/nu mice bearing H226 cell-induced metastatic tumors. It was found that the tumors of H226-implanted mice treated with TRAIL/Dox HSA-NP were remarkably smaller and lighter than those of mice treated with TRAIL or Dox HSA-NP alone (337.5±7.5; 678.2±51.5; and 598.9±24.8mg, respectively). Importantly, this improved anti-tumor efficacy was found to be due to the synergistic apoptotic effects of Dox and TRAIL. In the authors' opinion, TRAIL/Dox HSA-NP offers a potential inhalable anti-lung cancer drug delivery system. Furthermore, the synergism displayed by combined use of Dox and TRAIL could be used to markedly reduce doxorubicin doses and minimize its side effects. PMID:25445703
Raman confocal microscopy and AFM combined studies of cancerous cells treated with Paclitaxel
Derely, L.; Collart Dutilleul, P.-Y.; Michotte de Welle, Sylvain; Szabo, V.; Gergely, C.; Cuisinier, F. J. G.
Paclitaxel interferes with the normal function of microtubule breakdown, induces apoptosis in cancer cells and sequesters free tubulin. As this drug acts also on other cell mechanisms it is important to monitor its accumulation in the cell compartments. The intracellular spreading of the drug was followed using a WITEC 300R confocal Raman microscope equipped with a CCD camera. Hence Atomic force microscopy (an MFP3D- Asylum Research AFM) in imaging and force mode was used to determine the morphological and mechanical modifications induced on living cells. These studies were performed on living epithelial MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Paclitaxel was added to cell culture media for 3, 6 and 9 hours. Among the specific paclitaxel Raman bands we selected the one at 1670 cm-1 because it is not superposed by the spectrum of the cells. Confocal Raman images are formed by monitoring this band, the NH2 and the PO4 band. Paclitaxel slightly accumulates in the nucleus forming patches. The drug is also concentrated in the vicinity of the cell membrane and in an area close to the nucleus where proteins accumulate. Our AFM images reveal that the treated cancerous MCF-7 cells keep the same size as the non treated ones, but their shape becomes more oval. Cell's elasticity is also modified: a difference of 2 kPa in the Young Modulus characterizes the treated MCF-7 mammary cancerous cell. Our observations demonstrate that paclitaxel acts not only on microtubules but accumulates also in other cell compartments (nucleus) where microtubules are absent.
Spatial Analysis of Childhood Cancer: A Case/Control Study
Rebeca Ramis; Diana Gómez-Barroso; Ibon Tamayo; Javier García-Pérez; Antonio Morales; Elena Pardo Romaguera; Gonzalo López-Abente
Background Childhood cancer was the leading cause of death among children aged 1-14 years for 2012 in Spain. Leukemia has the highest incidence, followed by tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) and lymphomas (Hodgkin lymphoma, HL, and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, NHL). Spatial distribution of childhood cancer cases has been under concern with the aim of identifying potential risk factors. Objective The two objectives are to study overall spatial clustering and cluster detection of cases of t...
Biomarkers in Tissue Samples From Patients With Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Treated With Zoledronic Acid
Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer; Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma; Progesterone Receptor-positive Breast Cancer; Stage IA Breast Cancer; Stage IB Breast Cancer; Stage IIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIB Breast Cancer
Unilateral cross bite treated by corticotomy-assisted expansion: two case reports
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Al-Hubail Aziza
Full Text Available Abstract Background True unilateral posterior crossbite in adults is a challenging malocclusion to treat. Conventional expansion methods are expected to have some shortcomings. The aim of this paper is to introduce a new technique for treating unilateral posterior crossbite in adults, namely, corticotomy-assisted expansion (CAE applied on two adult patients: one with a true unilateral crossbite and the other with an asymmetrical bilateral crossbite, both treated via modified corticotomy techniques and fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods Two cases with asymmetric maxillary constriction were treated using CAE. Results In both cases, effective asymmetrical expansion was achieved using CAE, and functional occlusion was established as well. Conclusions Unilateral CAE presents an effective and reliable technique to treat true unilateral crossbite.
Complex pattern of colon cancer recurrence including a kidney metastasis: A case report
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Helfried Waleczek; Moritz N Wente; Jürgen Kozianka
We report a case of a 77-year-old female with a local recurrence of cancer after right hemicolectomy which infiltrated the pancreatic head affording pancreatoduodenectomy, who developed 3 years later recurrent tumor masses localized in the mesentery of the jejunum and in the lower pole of the left kidney. Partial nephrectomy and a segment resection of the small bowel were performed. Histological examination of both specimens revealed a necrotic metastasis of the primary carcinoma of the colon. Although intraluminal implantation of colon cancer cells in the renal pelvic mucosa from ureteric metastasis has been described, metastasis of a colorectal cancer in the kidney parenchyma is extremely rare and can be treated in an organ preserving manner. A complex pattern of colon cancer recurrence with unusual and rare sites of metastasis is reported.
Imaging screening of breast cancer: primary results in 5307 cases
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Objective: To discuss the values of three screening methods for the detection of early breast cancer, and to analyze the features of the screening cancer. Methods: The first screening of breast cancer were performed in 5307 women who aged from 20 to 76 years with median age of 49 years. The three screening methods included physical examination with ultrasound and mammography, physical examination with mammography and mammography only. The rate of recall, biopsy, cancer detection of three methods were analyzed and the mammographic findings were reviewed. Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were used for the statistics. Results: The recall rates were 4.90% (49/1001), 6.90% (166/2407) and 4. 48% (85/1899) in three methods respectively, the biopsy rates were 1.60% (16/1001), 1.04% (25/2407) and 0.63% (12/1899), the cancer detection rates were 0.50% (5/1001), 0.17% (4/2407) and 0 (0/1899). There were statistical differences among the three groups (χ2=12.99,6.264,8.764, P<0.05). Physical examination with ultrasound and mammography had the highest cancer detection rate, ten breast cancers were detected and 8 were early stage breast cancer. Of seven cancers detected by mammography, only two were found by ultrasound. A cluster of calcifications were found in 2 cases, linear calcifications in 2 cases. One case presented as a asymmetric density, one as a asymmetric density with calcifications, one as multiple nodules with a cluster of calcifications. Two breast cancers presented as asymmetric density were missed on mammography and diagnosed correctly after retrospective review. Conclusion: Physical examination with ultrasound and mammography is the best method for breast cancer screening. The breast cancer can be detected by mammography earlier than other methods. (authors)
Frequency of cancer in children residing in Mexico City and treated in the hospitals of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (1996–2001
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rendón-Macías Mario
Full Text Available Abstract Background The objective of this article is to present the frequency of cancer in Mexican children who were treated in the hospitals of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Mexico City (IMSS-MC in the period 1996–2001. Methods The Registry of Cancer in Children, started in 1996 in the IMSS-MC, is an on-going, prospective register. The data from 1996 through 2001 were analyzed and the different types of cancer were grouped according to the International Classification for Cancer in Children (ICCC. From this analysis, the general and specific frequencies by age and by sex were obtained for the different groups of neoplasms. Also, the frequency of the stage of the disease that had been diagnosed in cases of children with solid tumors was obtained. Results A total of 1,702 new cases of children with cancer were registered, with the male/female ratio at 1.1/1. Leukemias had the highest frequency with 784 cases (46.1% and, of these, acute lymphoblastic leukemias were the most prevalent with 614 cases (78.3%. Thereafter, in descending order of frequency, were tumors of the central nervous system (CNST with 197 cases (11.6%, lymphomas with 194 cases (11.4%, germinal cell tumors with 110 cases (6.5%, and bone tumors with 97 cases (5.7%. The highest frequency of cancer was found in the group of one to four year-olds that had 627 cases (36.8%. In all the age groups, leukemias were the most frequent. In the present work, the frequency of Hodgkin's disease (~4% was found to be lower than that (~10% in previous studies and the frequency of tumors of the sympathetic nervous system was low (2.3%. Of those cases of solid tumors for which the stage of the disease had been determined, 66.9% were diagnosed as being Stage III or IV. Conclusions The principal cancers in the children treated in the IMSS-MC were leukemias, CNST, and lymphomas, consistent with those reported by developed countries. A 2.5-fold reduction in the frequency of Hodgkin
Impact of comorbidity in elderly prostate cancer patients treated with brachytherapy
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Costanza Chiumento; Alba Fiorentino; Mariella Cozzolino; Rocchina Caivano; Stefania Clemente; Piernicola Pedicini; Vincenzo Fusco
Objective:To analyze the correlations among comorbidity and overall survival (OS),biochemical progression-free survival (b-PFS) and toxicity in elderly patents with localized prostate cancer treated with 125I brachytherapy.Methods:Elderly men,aged ≥65 years,with low-intermediate risk prostate cancer,were treated with permanent 125I brachytherapy as monotherapy.Comorbidity data were obtained from medical reports using age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (a-CCI).The patients were categorized into two age groups (<75and ≥75 years old),and two comorbidity score groups (a-CCI ≤3 and >3).Toxicity was scored with Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scale.Results:From June 2003 to October 2009,a total of 92 elderly patients underwent prostate brachytherapy,including 57 men (62%) with low-risk prostate cancer,and 35 men (38%) with intermediate-risk prostate cancer.The median age of patients was 75 years (range,65-87 years).Forty-seven patients (51%) had a-CCI ≤3 and 45 patients (49%) a-CCI >3.With a median follow-up period of 56 months (range,24-103 months),the 5-year actuarial OS and b-PFS were 91.3% and 92.4% respectively,without statistical significance between two Charlson score groups.Toxicity was mild.None of the patients experienced gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity,and only 4 patiens (4%) experienced late genitourinary (GU) grade-3 (G3) toxicity.No correlation between acute GU and GI toxicity and comorbidity was showed (P=0.50 and P=0.70,respectively).Conclusions:Our data suggest that elderly men with low-intermediate risk prostate cancer and comorbidity can be considered for a radical treatment as 125I low-dose rate brachytherapy.
Association of Metformin Use with Outcomes in Advanced Endometrial Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy.
Ezewuiro, Obiageli; Grushko, Tatyana A; Kocherginsky, Masha; Habis, Mohammed; Hurteau, Jean A; Mills, Kathryn A; Hunn, Jessica; Olopade, Olufunmilayo I; Fleming, Gini F; Romero, Iris L
There is increasing evidence that metformin, a commonly used treatment for diabetes, might have the potential to be repurposed as an economical and safe cancer therapeutic. The aim of this study was to determine whether stage III-IV or recurrent endometrial cancer patients who are using metformin during treatment with chemotherapy have improved survival. To test this we analyzed a retrospective cohort of subjects at two independent institutions who received chemotherapy for stage III-IV or recurrent endometrial cancer from 1992 to 2011. Diagnosis of diabetes, metformin use, demographics, endometrial cancer clinico-pathologic parameters, and survival duration were abstracted. The primary outcome was overall survival. The final cohort included 349 patients, 31 (8.9%) had diabetes and used metformin, 28 (8.0%) had diabetes but did not use metformin, and 291 (83.4%) did not have diabetes. The results demonstrate that the median overall survival was 45.6 months for patients with diabetes who used metformin compared to 12.5 months for patients with diabetes who did not use metformin and 28.5 months for patients without diabetes (log-rank test comparing the three groups P = 0.006). In a model adjusted for confounders, the difference in survival between the three groups remained statistically significant (P = 0.023). The improvement in survival among metformin users was not explained by better baseline health status or more aggressive use of chemotherapy. Overall, the findings in this retrospective cohort of endometrial cancer patients with stage III-IV or recurrent disease treated with chemotherapy indicate that patients with diabetes who were concurrently treated with metformin survived longer than patients with diabetes who did not use metformin.
Paradoxal metabolic flare detected by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in a patient with metastatic breast cancer treated with aromatase inhibitor and biphosphonate
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Patients with estrogen-receptor-positive advanced breast cancer are treated with endocrine therapy. The majority of breast cancer localizations show 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake at positron emission tomography (PET) examination. In these patients, the metabolic flare after therapy is common and was proposed as an index of therapy efficacy. Nevertheless, prolonged persistence of flare can lead to misinterpretation. We describe a case of a patient with invasive ductal breast cancer with bone metastases at bone scintigraphy and FDG PET scan and with expression of estrogen receptors. Initially, the patient underwent endocrine therapy in addition to a biphosfonate. Owing to progression observed in a bone scan, Tamoxifen was substituted with aromatase inhibitors. Successive bone scan examinations showed stabilization with a marked clinical improvement. A second FDG PET was performed 28 months after the first examination and showed a metabolic flare phenomenon with concomitant partial calcification of osteolitic lesions. This is an unusual case of prolonged metabolic flare
Combination Chemotherapy Followed by Bone Marrow Transplantation in Treating Patients With Rare Cancer
Childhood Germ Cell Tumor; Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumor; Head and Neck Cancer; Kidney Cancer; Liver Cancer; Lymphoma; Neuroblastoma; Ovarian Cancer; Retinoblastoma; Sarcoma; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor
A population-based case-control study of thyroid cancer.
Ron, E; Kleinerman, R A; Boice, J D; LiVolsi, V A; Flannery, J T; Fraumeni, J F
A population-based case-control interview study of thyroid cancer (159 cases and 285 controls) was conducted in Connecticut. Prior radiotherapy to the head or neck was reported by 12% of the cases and 4% of the controls [odds ratio (OR) = 2.8; 95% confidence interval = 1.2-6.9]. Risk was inversely related to age at irradiation and was highest among children exposed under age 10. Few persons born after 1945 received prior radiotherapy, consistent with the declining use of radiation to treat benign conditions in the 1950's. Among females the radiogenic risk appeared to be potentiated by the number of subsequent live-births. Other significant risk factors included a history of benign thyroid nodules (OR = 33) or goiter (OR = 5.6). Miscarriage and multiparity increased risk but only among women who developed thyroid cancer before age 35 years. Consumption of shellfish (a rich source of iodine) seemed to increase the risk of follicular thyroid cancer, whereas consumption of goitrogen-containing vegetables appeared to reduce risk of total thyroid cancer, possibly because of their cruciferous nature. A significantly low risk was observed among persons of English descent, whereas Italian ancestry appeared to increase risk. No significant associations were found with a number of suspected risk factors: diagnostic x-rays, radioactive isotope scans, occupational radiation exposure, tonsillectomy, Jewish ethnicity, alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, oral contraceptives, lactation suppressants, menopausal estrogens, most other common medications, and water source. New associations were suggested for obesity among females (OR = 1.5), surgically treated benign breast disease (OR = 1.6), use of spironolactone (OR = 4.3) or vitamin D supplements (OR = 1.8), and a family history of thyroid cancer (OR = 5.2). About 9% of the incident thyroid cancers could be attributed to prior head and neck irradiation, 4% to goiter, and 17% to thyroid nodular disease, leaving the etiology of most
A case control study on risk factors of breast cancer among women attending MNJ Cancer Hospital, Hyderabad
Devi, B. Nirmala; BabuRao, B.; K., Anil kumar
Background: Cancer has become one of the ten leading causes of death in India. Breast cancer is the most common diagnosed malignancy in India, it ranks second to cervical cancer. Globally, breast cancer is by far the most frequent cancer among women, with an estimated 1.67 million new cases diagnosed in 2012 (25% of all cancers) and ranks second overall (12% of all cancers). It is now the most common cancer both in developed (794,000 cases) and developing regions (883,000 cases).Objectives: 1...
Primary spinal glioblastoma treated with adjuvant radiation and temozolomide: Report of two cases
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Supriya Mallick
Full Text Available Primary spinal glioblastoma multiforme (GBM is a rare entity, which is invariably associated with poor outcome. Standard treatment is surgery followed by post-operative radiotherapy. Due to paucity of cases role of chemotherapy is investigational. We intend to report two cases of primary spinal GBM treated with radiation and adjuvant temozolomide.
Mesonephroid adenocarcinoma in urethral diverticulum treated with diverticulectomy. Case report and review of the literature
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Jacobsen, F; Sørensen, Flemming Brandt; Nielsen, J B;
A case of mesonephroid adenocarcinoma in an urethral diverticulum treated with diverticulectomy in a 53 year old female is reported. To our knowledge 26 cases of similar tumours have been reported in the literature. A review of symptoms, management and possible relationship to nephroid metaplasia...
A Possible Association between Melanoma and Prostate Cancer. Results from a Case-Control-Study
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Alina Goldenberg
Full Text Available Melanoma and prostate cancer are the fifth and first most common cancers in men within the United States, respectively. The association between the two cancers lies in the mutual androgen-dependence. However, the relationship between prostate cancer history and melanoma development remains to be further elucidated. We aim to determine the odds of history of prostate cancer among men with melanoma as compared to time-frame, clinic, and provider-matched controls without melanoma within a single academic surgical center. We present a case-control study comparing men treated for melanoma and non-melanoma cancer by a single provider between 2010 and 2014 within an academic dermatologic surgical center. Overall, there were nine cases of prostate cancer among the melanoma group and two cases amongst the controls—a statistically significant difference in both uni- and multivariable analyses (p = 0.057 [95% CI 1, 23.5], p = 0.042 [95% CI 1.1, 129], respectively. Body mass index, alcohol use, and skin type II were significant risk factors for melanoma (p = 0.011 [95% CI 1, 1.3], 0.005 [95% CI 1.4, 7], 0.025 [95% CI 1.1, 3.3], respectively. There were more immunosuppressed controls (p = 0.002; however, the melanoma patients had a significantly longer duration of immunosuppression (11.6 vs. 1.9 years, p < 0.001 [95% CI 0.03, 0.5]. Melanoma screenings for men should include questions on prostate cancer history. Prostate cancer patients may benefit from more frequent and comprehensive melanoma screening.
Forty Cases of Insomnia Treated by Suspended Moxibustion at Baihui (GV 20)
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
JU Yan-li; CHI Xu; LIU Jian-xin
Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of suspended moxibustion at Baihui (GV 20) for insomnia.Methods: 75 cases were divided randomly into two groups, with 40 cases in the treatment group treated by suspended moxibustion over Baihui (GV 20) and 35 cases in the control group treated by oral administration of Estazolam. Results: The difference in therapeutic effect between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.1). Conclusion: It was concluded that suspended moxibustion at Baihui (GV 20) is as effective as Estazolam for insomnia.
Comorbidity-Adjusted Survival in Early Stage Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Hypofractionated Proton Therapy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Sharon Y. Do
Full Text Available Objective. To determine the influence of comorbidity on survival in early-stage lung cancer patients treated with proton radiotherapy, using the Charlson Comorbidity Index. Study Design and Setting. Fifty-four non-small-cell lung cancer patients, treated prospectively in a phase II clinical trial with hypofractionated proton therapy, were analyzed retrospectively to assess their burden of comorbid disease as expressed by Charlson Comorbidity Index. Using the Charlson Comorbidity Index method, a predicted survival curve based on comorbidity was formulated and compared to the observed mortality from causes other than lung cancer in the study population. Results. The study population had an average age score of 2.8 and an average Charlson Comorbidity Index of 4.7. Predicted survival was calculated to be 67% and 50% at 2 and 4 years, respectively. Actual comorbidity-specific survival at 2 and 4 years was 64% and 45%, respectively. The observed survival fell within the 95% confidence intervals of the predicted survival at all time points up to 5 years. Conclusion. Predicted mortality from concurrent disease, based on Charlson Comorbidity Index, correlated well with observed comorbidity-specific mortality. This helps substantiate the accuracy of the data coding in cause of death and strengthens previously reported disease-specific survival rates.
Microsatellite Instability Predicts Clinical Outcome in Radiation-Treated Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Purpose: To elucidate whether microsatellite instability (MSI) predicts clinical outcome in radiation-treated endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). Methods and Materials: A consecutive series of 93 patients with EEC treated with extrafascial hysterectomy and postoperative radiotherapy was studied. The median clinical follow-up of patients was 138 months, with a maximum of 232 months. Five quasimonomorphic mononucleotide markers (BAT-25, BAT-26, NR21, NR24, and NR27) were used for MSI classification. Results: Twenty-five patients (22%) were classified as MSI. Both in the whole series and in early stages (I and II), univariate analysis showed a significant association between MSI and poorer 10-year local disease-free survival, disease-free survival, and cancer-specific survival. In multivariate analysis, MSI was excluded from the final regression model in the whole series, but in early stages MSI provided additional significant predictive information independent of traditional prognostic and predictive factors (age, stage, grade, and vascular invasion) for disease-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 3.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-10.49; p = 0.048) and cancer-specific survival (HR 4.20, 95% CI 1.23-14.35; p = 0.022) and was marginally significant for local disease-free survival (HR 3.54, 95% CI 0.93-13.46; p = 0.064). Conclusions: These results suggest that MSI may predict radiotherapy response in early-stage EEC.
Natural history of postural instability in breast cancer patients treated with taxane-based chemotherapy: A pilot study.
Monfort, Scott M; Pan, Xueliang; Patrick, Robyn; Singaravelu, Janani; Loprinzi, Charles L; Lustberg, Maryam B; Chaudhari, Ajit M W
Over 230,000 new cases of breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in the United States in 2015. Taxane-based chemotherapy is often an effective treatment, but can also cause adverse symptoms in patients due to neurotoxicity. These side effects can impair postural control in patients; however, this instability has scarcely been quantified. The purpose of this pilot study was to gain insight into the natural history of postural instability in breast cancer patients being treated with taxane-based chemotherapy. Thirty-two breast cancer patients (31 female/1 male; 47.6±11.2 year; 16 stage II/16 stage III) completed eyes open and eyes closed quiet standing trials in the oncology clinic where they were being treated. These trials were collected at five timepoints throughout their chemotherapy treatment: (1) before initiating chemotherapy to provide a baseline, (2-4) before starting subsequent chemotherapy cycles, and (5) 1-3 months after receiving their last taxane infusion. After the first chemotherapy cycle, patients demonstrated increases in 95% confidence ellipse area of center of pressure (CoP) [45.2%, p=0.01] and root mean squared CoP excursion [18%, p=0.006] compared to baseline values for the eyes closed condition. These balance deficiencies progressed with cumulative taxane exposure. Postural instability persisted 1-3 months after completing chemotherapy with increases in 95% CoP ellipse area [86.8%, p=0.002], root mean squared CoP excursion [32.6%, p=0.001], and mean CoP velocity [30.4%, p=0.024]. The balance impairments demonstrated by patients in this study appear to be clinically relevant when compared to balance impairments previously reported in other patient populations. PMID:27341530
Cosmetic results in early breast cancer treated with lumpectomy, peri-operative interstitial irradiation, and external beam radiation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Patients with operable breast cancer were treated at the University of Kansas Medical Center with lumpectomy, peri-operative interstitial Iridium, and external beam radiotherapy, and concomitant adjuvant chemotherapy in a majority of node positive cases. Examination of the cosmetic results in 85 breasts followed for at least 2 years, at a median of 41 months revealed 20% to be excellent, 44% to be very good, 24% good, 9% fair, and 4% to have poor results. In this paper cosmesis is analyzed with reference to the size of the primary, its location, age of the patient, whether the patient received adjuvant chemotherapy, and whether the regional nodes were treated. In this group of patients, the size and the site of the primary, patient's age, and whether adjuvant chemotherapy was administered or not, did not adversely affect the aesthetic outcome. Treatment of the regional nodes gave a worse mean cosmetic score compared to the group in whom only the breast was treated (37.51 vs. 58.98 respectively, p less than 0.001). Among the 11 patients with fair/poor cosmesis, all had regional nodal treatment, 7/11 had inner quadrant lesions, and 7/11 had lesions greater than T1. Further follow-up and accrual would be needed to confirm our results and affirm if other factors would change
Marantic Endocarditis Associated with Pancreatic Cancer: A Case Series
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Gayle S. Jameson
Full Text Available Marantic endocarditis, otherwise known as nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE, is a well-documented phenomenon due to hypercoagulability from an underlying cause. It has been associated with a variety of inflammatory states including malignancy. Surprisingly, although hypercoagulability is often seen in patients with pancreatic cancer, marantic endocarditis has rarely been reported antemortem in this population. We report three cases of marantic endocarditis in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. In two instances, the patients' neurological symptoms preceded the diagnosis of advanced pancreatic cancer. Health care professionals should be alert to the possibility of marantic endocarditis in any patient with cancer, especially pancreatic cancer, who presents with symptoms of neurological dysfunction or an arterial thrombotic event. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with heparin, unfractionated or low molecular weight, may prevent catastrophic CNS events and decrease morbidity in patients with pancreatic cancer and other malignancies.
Synchronous colorectal and lung cancer:Report of three cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
The incidence of synchronous colorectal and lung cancer is relatively rare.We report three cases of patients with tumors located in the rectum,ascending colon,the lower lobe of the left lung,and the upper lobe of the right lung.Synchronous curative resection of the two lesions was performed in two patients,whereas colectomy was performed in an elderly patient with a poor lung function.Pathological examination showed the colorectal cancer was a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and the lung cancer was a squamous cell carcinoma.Surgical treatment and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for the lung cancer were different from those for colorectal cancer with pulmonary metastasis.If possible,radical resection should be performed for each cancer when synchronicity is found.
Perfusion lymphoscintigraphy using sup 99m Tc-human serum albumin in patients with treated uterine cancer
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kataoka, Masaaki; Hamada, Katsuyuki; Hamamoto, Ken; Takeda, Yasunari; Matsuura, Shumpei (Ehime Univ., Matsuyama (Japan). School of Medicine); Kawamura, Masashi
Perfusion lymphoscintigraphy was performed by subcutaneous injection of 7.4 MBq (0.2mCi) {sup 99m}Tc-human serum albumin ({sup 99m}Tc-HSA) on 18 patients with uterine cancer treated by operation and/or irradiation. Radioactivity at the injection site was counted for 3 min at 10 min (a) and at 3 hr (b) after injection, and the clearance of {sup 99m}Tc-HSA was defined as (1-(b)/(a)) x 100(%) ((a) and (b) were corrected for decay of the isotope). The clearance in 6 legs with lymphedema was significantly more delayed than that in 16 legs without lymphedema in the patients treated with both surgery and irradiation (16.6 +- 7.7% vs 34.9 +- 9.3%: P< 0.01). The clearances in edematous legs in a case which had developed a venous occulusion after operation were 44.2% and 41.7%, which were almost the same as those in the non-edematous patients treated with surgery alone. The clearance in patients treated with both operation and irradiation was significantly more delayed than that in patients treated with the signle modality of operation or irradiation (29.7 +- 11.9% vs 41.1 +- 7.2%, 44.5 +- 7.7%, respectively: P< 0.01). These data suggest that perfusion lymphoscintigraphy using {sup 99m}Tc-HSA is useful for evaluating patients with lymphedema and for differentiating it from edema caused by other mechanisms. (author).
Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Cyclophosphamide, and Filgrastim Followed By Paclitaxel Albumin-Stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation With or Without Trastuzumab in Treating Patients With Breast Cancer Previously Treated With Surgery
Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer; HER2-positive Breast Cancer; Stage IA Breast Cancer; Stage IB Breast Cancer; Stage II Breast Cancer; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer; Stage IIIC Breast Cancer; Stage IV Breast Cancer
A case of radiation gastritis required surgical treatment in consequence of radiotherapy for recurrent ovarian cancer
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hagino, Daisuke; Arai, Yuko; Komatsu, Atsushi; Inoue, Kumiko; Takechi, Kimihiro [Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Tomobe (Japan)
We report a case of radiation gastritis in consequence of radiotherapy for recurrent ovarian cancer. A 61-year-old woman received irradiation of a metastatic lesion of the second lumbar vertebra. Six months later she complained of fatigue and presented with severe anemia, and her diagnosis was hemorrhagic radiation gastritis. She was treated endoscopically, but that failed to control the bleeding, making it necessary to resect surgically. The incidence of radiation gastritis is very low because the stomach is rarely within the treated field, but it is of importance to be aware that the stomach is by no means more radioresistant than other organs. (author)
A case of leukoencephalopathy caused by radiation and chemotherapy for brain metastasis of breast cancer
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Yamamoto, Shigeru; Sonoo, Hiroshi; Nomura, Tsunehisa; Ohkubo, Sumiko; Yamamoto, Yutaka; Tanaka, Katsuhiro; Kurebayashi, Junichi; Hiratsuka, Junichi [Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama (Japan)
A case of treatment-related leukoencephalopathy is presented. A patient with breast cancer metastasis to the brain, liver, bone and distant lymph nodes was treated with whole brain radiation and docetaxcel. Eleven months after radiation, magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse leukoencephalopathy. Twenty-two months after radiation, the patient had gait disturbance, parkinsonism, dementia and urinary incontinence. From this experience, stereotactic radiosurgery such as cyber knife and gamma knife therapy, representing a new modality for delivering intense focal radiation, should be come preferred techniques for treating patients with brain metastases, to avoid the potential cognitive side effects of fractionated whole-brain radiotherapy. (author)
Targeting Alternative Sites on the Androgen Receptor to Treat Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Paul S. Rennie
arsenal to treat castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Contralateral axillary disease in patients with previously treated breast cancer: manifestation of distant metastases or occult primary in contralateral breast?
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Contralateral axillary lymphadenopathy is occasionally seen in patients following disease in the ipsilateral breast. The aim of the study was to find out whether it might be a manifestation of an occult primary in the contralateral breast or manifestation of distant metastases from the previously treated carcinoma. A review of the records of 1331 breast cancer patients presented with recurrent disease and treated with surgery, radio-, chemo- or combined therapy showed that 36 patients presented with disease in the contralateral axilla during follow up. In 21 (1.6%) of them contralateral lymphadenopathy was the only symptom of the disease. 16 of them developed disease in the contralateral breast: in all cases the disease was locally advanced in nature indicative of diffuse involvement of the whole breast. In almost all 36 cases systemic disease developed soon after contralateral axillary disease was noted. These observations as well as pathological analysis suggested that contralateral axillary disease in our patients was an indication of metastases from the ipsilateral breast rather than manifestation of occult primary in the contralateral breast. (author)
Evaluation of residual cellularity and proliferation on preoperatively treated breast cancer: a comparison between image analysis and light microscopy analysis.
Corletto, V; Verderio, P; Giardini, R; Cipriani, S; Di Palma, S; Rilke, F
Histopathology has been suggested as a reliable method for tumour reduction evaluation of preoperatively treated breast cancer. Immunocytochemistry can be used to enhance the visibility of residual tumour cellularity and in the evaluation of its proliferative activity. We compared Image Analysis (IA) with Light Microscopy Analysis (LMA) on sections of breast carcinomas treated with preoperative chemo- or chemo/radiotherapy in the evaluation of the Neoplastic Cell Density (NCD) (69 cases) and the Proliferation Index (PI) (35 cases). NCD was expressed as the immunoreactive area to cytokeratin over the total original neoplastic area and PI was expressed as the number of immunostained tumoural nuclei with MIB 1 MoAb over the total of tumoural nuclei. The intraobserver agreement and that between IA and LMA for both indices were estimated by the common (kappa(w)) and the jackknife weighted kappa statistic (kappa(w)). The extent of agreement of each considered category was also assessed by means of the category-specific kappa statistics (kappa(cs)). The intraobserver agreement within LMA for NCD and PI and that between IA and LMA for PI were both satisfactory. Upon evaluation of the NCD, the agreement between IA and LMA showed unsatisfactory results, especially when the ratio between the residual tumour cells and the background was critical.
Evaluation of Residual Cellularity and Proliferation on Preoperatively Treated Breast Cancer: A Comparison between Image Analysis and Light Microscopy Analysis
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Valentina Corletto
Full Text Available Histopathology has been suggested as a reliable method for tumour reduction evaluation of preoperatively treated breast cancer. Immunocytochemistry can be used to enhance the visibility of residual tumour cellularity and in the evaluation of its proliferative activity. We compared Image Analysis (IA with Light Microscopy Analysis (LMA on sections of breast carcinomas treated with preoperative chemo‐ or chemo/radiotherapy in the evaluation of the Neoplastic Cell Density (NCD (69 cases and the Proliferation Index (PI (35 cases. NCD was expressed as the immunoreactive area to cytokeratin over the total original neoplastic area and PI was expressed as the number of immunostained tumoural nuclei with MIB1 MoAb over the total of tumoural nuclei. The intraobserver agreement and that between IA and LMA for both indices were estimated by the common (Kw and the jackknife weighted kappa statistic (K˜w. The extent of agreement of each considered category was also assessed by means of the category‐specific kappa statistics (Kcs. The intraobserver agreement within LMA for NCD and PI and that between IA and LMA for PI were both satisfactory. Upon evaluation of the NCD, the agreement between IA and LMA showed unsatisfactory results, especially when the ratio between the residual tumour cells and the background was critical.
Nulliparity enhances the risk of second primary malignancy of the breast in a cohort of women treated for thyroid cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Milazzo Francesca
Full Text Available Abstract Background Many studies have reported an increased risk of developing a second primary malignancy (SPM of the breast in women treated for thyroid cancer. In this study, we investigated several potential risk factors for this association. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to identify a subgroup of women surgically treated for papillary thyroid cancer that may benefit from more careful breast cancer screening. Methods A total of 101 women surgically treated for papillary thyroid cancer from 1996 to 2009 with subsequent follow-up were interviewed by phone regarding personal risk factors and lifestyle habits. Only 75 questionnaires could be evaluated due to a 25.7% rate of patients not retrieved or refusing the interview. Data analysis was performed using a multivariate logistic model. Results The standardised incidence ratio (SIR for breast cancer was 3.58 (95% IC 1.14 - 8.37. Our data suggest a protective effect of multiparity on the development of a SPM of the breast (O.R. 0.15; 95% IC 0.25 - 0.86. Significant associations were not found with other known risk factors including Body Mass Index (BMI, age at first tumour, concurrent metabolic diseases, smoking, physical activity and familiarity. Conclusions This study confirms that a higher incidence of SPM of the breast is observed in women treated for papillary thyroid cancer. Additionally, this risk is increased by nulliparity, thus a strict breast screening program for nulliparous women treated for thyroid cancer may be advisable.
Frequency, symptoms and outcome of intestinal metastases of bronchopulmonary cancer. Case report and review of the literature
Hillenbrand, Andreas; Sträter, Joern; Henne-Bruns, Doris
Background We report a new case of small bowel metastases from primary lung cancer. Such metastases are not exceptional, but their clinical manifestations are rare. Case presentation The case involved a 56-year-old man with a squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (stage IV) that had been treated with chemotherapy. He presented fourteen months after diagnosis with an acute abdominal pain. Abdominal CT-scan demonstrated a perforated jejunum and he underwent emergency surgery. Postoperative pathol...
Gene expression analysis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated with recombinant bromelain.
Fouz, Nour; Amid, Azura; Hashim, Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun
The contributing molecular pathways underlying the pathogenesis of breast cancer need to be better characterized. The principle of our study was to better understand the genetic mechanism of oncogenesis for human breast cancer and to discover new possible tumor markers for use in clinical practice. We used complimentary DNA (cDNA) microarrays to compare gene expression profiles of treated Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) with recombinant bromelain and untreated MCF-7. SpringGene analysis was carried out of differential expression followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), to understand the underlying consequence in developing disease and disorders. We identified 1,102 known genes differentially expressed to a significant degree (pbromelain produces a unique signature affecting different pathways, specific for each congener. The microarray results give a molecular mechanistic insight and functional effects, following recombinant bromelain treatment. The extent of changes in genes is related to and involved significantly in gap junction signaling, amyloid processing, cell cycle regulation by BTG family proteins, and breast cancer regulation by stathmin1 that play major roles. PMID:24928548
Exploring cell apoptosis and senescence to understand and treat cancer: an interview with Scott Lowe
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Full Text Available Scott W. Lowe is currently principal investigator at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. After beginning his studies in chemical engineering, he decided to take another path and became fascinated by biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology, which ultimately led to an interest in human disease, particularly cancer. During his PhD at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT, Scott had the opportunity to benefit from the exceptional mentorship of Earl Ruley, David Housman and Tyler Jacks, and contributed to elucidating how the p53 (TP53 tumor suppressor gene limits oncogenic transformation and modulates the cytotoxic response to conventional chemotherapy. This important work earned him a fellowship from the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, which helped to launch his independent career. Scott is now a leading scientist in the cancer field and his work has helped to shed light on mechanisms of cell apoptosis and senescence to better understand and treat cancer. In this interview, he talks about this incredible scientific journey.
Molecular Evidence Demonstrating Local Treatment Failure is the Source of Distant Metastases in Some Patients Treated for Breast Cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Purpose: To examine the clonality relationships among initial invasive breast carcinoma (IBC), ipsilateral breast failure (IBF), and distant metastasis (DM) to determine the effect of local tumor recurrence on the development of DMs. Methods and Materials: A total of 18 patients treated with breast-conserving therapy who developed an IBF followed by DMs were studied using a 20 informative-marker, polymerase chain reaction-based allelic imbalance clonality assay. Results: Four relationships were identified. First, in 7 cases, the IBF and DMs were clonally related to the initial IBC as one progressively genetic unstable process. Second, in 3 cases, the IBF and DMs were each clonally related to the IBC but clonally distinct from each other. Third, in 3 cases, the IBC and the IBF were clonally related and the DMs were clonally related to the IBFs, with a weak relationship to the initial IBC. Finally, in 5 cases, the IBF was clonally distinct from the initial IBC (new second primary) and the DMs were clonally related to the IBF and clonally distinct from the initial IBC. Conclusion: These findings provide molecular evidence demonstrating that some DMs can directly develop from IBFs and support the importance of local tumor control in the overall treatment of breast cancer patients
Seventy Cases of External Humeral Epicondylitis Treated by Local Blocking and Massotherapy
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@External humeral epicondylitis or tennis elbow, is a commonly encountered disease in orthopaedics and traumatology. The curative effect is not satisfactory as far as its treatment by western and traditional Chinese medicine is concerned, which has a long course of treatment and a high recurrent rate. 70 cases of external humeral epicondylitis were treated by massotherapy after local blocking from August 1995 to October 1997 at this hospital with satisfactory therapeutic effects. Clinical Data Of the 70 cases in this series treated by massotherapy after local blocking, 30 were males and 40 females, ranging in age from 19 to 65 years. 55 cases were 30 to 50 years old, 20 had the left elbow affected and 50 the right elbow. 7 cases had a history of trauma, 50 a history of chronic strain, and 13 the cause unknown. The shortest duration of disease was 15 days and the longest 24 months. Among 50 cases in the control group treated by massotherapy, 20 cases were males and 30 females, ranging in age from 16 to 58 years. 40 cases were 30 to 50 years old. 15 cases were affected on the left elbow and 35 on the right elbow. 6 cases had a history of trauma, 32 a history of chronic strain, and 12 the cause unknown. The shortest duration of diseases was 7 days and the longest 22 months.
FoxO3a transcriptional regulation of bim controls apoptosis in paclitaxel-treated breast cancer cell lines
Sunters, A; de Mattos, SF; Stahl, M; Brosens, JJ; Zoumpoulidou, G; Saunders, CA; Coffer, PJ; Medema, RH; Coombes, RC; Lam, EWF
Paclitaxel is used to treat breast cancers, but the mechanisms by which it induces apoptosis are poorly understood. Consequently, we have studied the role of the FoxO transcription factors in determining cellular response to paclitaxel. Western blotting revealed that in a panel of nine breast cancer
FoxO3a transcriptional regulation of Bim controls apoptosis in paclitaxel-treated breast cancer cell lines
Sunters, A.; Fernandez de Mattos, S.; Stahl, M.; Brosens, J.J.; Zoumpoulidou, G.; Saunders, C.A.; Coffer, P.J.; Medema, R.H.; Coombes, R.C.; Lam, E.W.-F.
Paclitaxel is used to treat breast cancers, but the mechanisms by which it induces apoptosis are poorly understood. Consequently, we have studied the role of the FoxO transcription factors in determining cellular response to paclitaxel. Western blotting revealed that in a panel of nine breast cancer
Gefitinib versus docetaxel in previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (INTEREST): a randomised phase III trial
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Kim, E.S.; Hirsh, V.; Mok, T.;
BACKGROUND: Two phase II trials in patients with previously-treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer suggested that gefitinib was efficacious and less toxic than was chemotherapy. We compared gefitinib with docetaxel in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer wh...
Prognostic value of pretherapy platelet elevation in oropharyngeal cancer patients treated with chemoradiation.
Shoultz-Henley, Sara; Garden, Adam S; Mohamed, Abdallah S R; Sheu, Tommy; Kroll, Michael H; Rosenthal, David I; Gunn, G Brandon; Hayes, Amos J; French, Chloe; Eichelberger, Hillary; Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree; Smith, Blaine D; Phan, Jack; Ayoub, Zeina; Lai, Stephen Y; Pham, Brian; Kies, Merrill; Gold, Kathryn A; Sturgis, Erich; Fuller, Clifton D
The purpose of this study is to evaluate potential associations between increased platelets and oncologic outcomes in oropharyngeal cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiation. A total of 433 oropharyngeal cancer patients (OPC) treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with concurrent chemotherapy between 2002 and 2012 were included under an approved IRB protocol. Complete blood count (CBC) data were extracted. Platelet and hemoglobin from the last phlebotomy (PLTpre-chemoRT, Hgbpre-chemoRT ) before start of treatment were identified. Patients were risk-stratified using Dahlstrom-Sturgis criteria and were tested for association with survival and disease-control outcomes. Locoregional control (LRC), freedom from distant metastasis (FDM) and overall survival (OS) were decreased (p nomograms predicting 3-, 5- and 10-year OS. In conclusion, pretreatment platelet elevation is a promising predictor of prognosis, and further work should be done to elucidate the utility of antiplatelets in modifying risk in OPC patients. PMID:26414107
Scintigraphic study of salivary gland dysfunction in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with radioiodine
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
The aim of the study was to determine the degree of scintigraphic salivary gland dysfunction in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with radioiodine. Patients were divided in two groups: null or mild dysfunction (grade I-II), moderate-severe dysfunction (grade III-IV) and statistical Mann-Whitney U test was applied. The radioiodine dose ranged between 80 and 200 mCi. Nineteen patients were found to be less affected (group 1), corresponding to grades I and II, and 11 patients were more affected (group 2), with grade III involvement. The severity of involvement of the salivary glands was not related with the dose of radioiodine used in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer and the sex of the patients had no clear influence either. Other factors are possibly related to the severity of salivary gland involvement
Pulmonary Function in Patients With Germ Cell Cancer Treated With Bleomycin, Etoposide, and Cisplatin
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Lauritsen, Jakob; Kier, Maria Gry Gundgaard; Bandak, Mikkel;
expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity remained unchanged after BEP but increased significantly to levels above pretreatment during follow-up. International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) prognostic group, mediastinal primary, pulmonary metastases, and smoking all......PURPOSE: For patients with germ cell cancer, various pulmonary toxicity risk factors have been hypothesized for treatment with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP). Because existing studies have shortcomings, we present a large, unselected cohort of patients who have undergone close monitoring...... of lung function before, during, and after treatment with BEP to disclose valid pulmonary toxicity risk factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients who were treated with BEP at Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, from 1984 to 2007, were included. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) that measured...
In vitro cytotoxic activity of Thai medicinal plants used traditionally to treat cancer.
Itharat, Arunporn; Houghton, Peter J; Eno-Amooquaye, E; Burke, P J; Sampson, Julia H; Raman, Amala
The SRB assay was used to test cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines and one normal cell line of 11 Thai medicinal plant species used by traditional doctors in treating cancer patients. The extraction procedures used were similar to those practised by Thai traditional doctors (ethanolic and water extracts). Extracts were tested against the human large cell lung carcinoma cell line COR-L23, the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 and human colon adenocarcinoma cell line LS-174T and normal human keratinocytes SVK-14. The results showed that three plants; Dioscorea membranacea Pierre ex Prain & Burkill, Dioscorea birmanica Prain & Burkill (Dioscoreaceae) and Siphonodon celastrineus Griff. (Celastraceae), exhibited high cytotoxic activity showing a certain degree of selectivity against the different cell types. PMID:14698505
Nursing of advanced colorectal cancer patients treated with Cetuximab combined with chemotherapy
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Xiaoping Zhu; Chunli Wu
Cetuximab is a new medication that has recently been approved for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. To date we have had tittle experience in using this targeted agent. Eleven patients in our hospital with advanced colorectal cancer were treated with cetuximab and chemotherapy. Based on the curative effect of this combination therapy, we have concluded that the following nursing practices make an important contribution to the patients' prognosis and wellbeing: to establish a good nurse-patient relationship, to increase patient understanding of the side effects, to standardize the medications, to observe and to deal with the side effects of the medications(for example skin reaction, neutropenia, and diarrhea), and to provide continuous mental health care support and education.
Assessment of diagnosis of inflammatory breast cancer cases at two cancer centers in Egypt and Tunisia
Schairer, Catherine; Soliman, Amr S; Omar, Sherif; Khaled, Hussein; Eissa, Saad; Ayed, Farhat Ben; Khalafallah, Samir; Ayoub, Wided Ben; Kantor, Elizabeth D.; Merajver, Sofia; Swain, Sandra M; Gail, Mitchell; Brown, Linda Morris
The diagnosis of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is largely clinical and therefore inherently somewhat subjective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnosis of IBC at two centers in North Africa where a higher proportion of breast cancer is diagnosed as IBC than in the United States (U.S.). Physicians prospectively enrolled suspected IBC cases at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) – Cairo, Egypt, and the Institut Salah Azaiz (ISA), Tunisia, recorded extent and duration of si...
A male patient with acromegaly and breast cancer: treating acromegaly to control tumor progression
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Acromegaly is a rare disease associated with an increased risk of developing cancer. We report the case of a 72-year-old man who was diagnosed with acromegaly (IGF-1 770 ng/ml) and breast cancer. Four years before he suffered from a colon-rectal cancer. Pituitary surgery and octreotide-LAR treatment failed to control acromegaly. Normalization of IGF-1 (97 ng/ml) was obtained with pegvisomant therapy. Four years after breast cancer surgery, 2 pulmonary metastases were detected at chest CT. The patient was started on anastrozole, but, contrary to medical advice, he stopped pegvisomant treatment (IGF-I 453 ng/ml). Four months later, chest CT revealed an increase in size of the metastatic lesion of the left lung. The patient was shifted from anastrozole to tamoxifen and was restarted on pegvisomant, with normalization of serum IGF-1 levels (90 ng/ml). Four months later, a reduction in size of the metastatic lesion of the left lung was detected by CT. Subsequent CT scans throughout a 24-month follow-up showed a further reduction in size and then a stabilization of the metastasis. This is the first report of a male patient with acromegaly and breast cancer. The clinical course of breast cancer was closely related to the metabolic control of acromegaly. The rapid progression of metastatic lesion was temporally related to stopping pegvisomant treatment and paralleled a rise in serum IGF-1 levels. Normalization of IGF-1 after re-starting pegvisomant impressively reduced the progression of metastatic breast lesions. Control of acromegaly is mandatory in acromegalic patients with cancer. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1400-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users
A long-term survival pattern for breast cancer treated in a single institution
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
T Gokce
Full Text Available Aim: This paper presents a 14-year retrospective study evaluating the survival rates and prognostic factors of breast carcinoma patients treated in private treatment center in the west coast of Turkey. Materials and Methods: The survival rates of breast cancer patients (n = 1746 who have been treated from 1995 until 2008 were analyzed. The clinical data include age, menopausal stage, oestrogen (ER and progesterone (PR receptor status, and C-erbB-2 status as well as histopathological evaluation. AJCC (2002 was used for clinical tumor staging. Survival rates were computed using standard Kaplan-Meier methods, and the difference in survival curves was analyzed with the log-rank test. Results: The 14-year overall survival, disease-free survival, local failure-free survival, and distant failure-free survival rates were 77%, 95%, 77%, and 94%, respectively. Early-stage patients had higher overall survival rates compared to advanced-stage patients (stage IIIb and IIIc, AJCC 2002, and early-stage patients had higher survival rates than advanced-stage patients for disease-free survival, local failure-free survival, and distant failure-free survival. The risk for cancer development increases significantly for advanced-stage patients with positive ER and PR receptor as well as C-erbB-2 receptor. Conclusions: The incidence of breast cancer in Turkey is smaller compared to other European countries. Low advanced-stage patient numbers compared to high early-stage patient numbers; and very high median survival times could possibly be the result of the improvement of detection and treatment of breast cancer over the years.
Are Cancer Survivors/Patients Knowledgeable about Osteoporosis? Results from a Survey of 285 Chemotherapy-Treated Cancer Patients and Their Companions
McKean, Heidi; Looker, Sherry; Hartmann, Lynn C.; Hayman, Suzanne R.; Kaur, Judith S.; McWilliams, Robert R.; Peethambaram, Prema P.; Stahl, Jean F.; Jatoi, Aminah
Objective: This study assessed osteoporosis knowledge deficits among cancer patients and their spouses/partners. Design: Single-institution survey (modified version of the Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool). Setting: The Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Participants: Consecutive chemotherapy-treated cancer patients (n = 285) with their…
Does Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer Imply a Worse Prognosis? A Matched Case-Case Study
Dimitrakakis, Constantine; Zagouri, Flora; Tsigginou, Alexandra; Marinopoulos, Spyros; Sergentanis, Theodoros N.; Keramopoulos, Antonis; Zografos, George C.; Ampela, Konstantina; Mpaltas, Dimosthenis; Papadimitriou, Christos; Dimopoulos, Meletios-Athanassios; Antsaklis, Aris
Summary Background Significant controversy exists in the literature regarding the role of pregnancy in the prognosis of breast cancer. We designed a matched case-case study, matching pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) cases with breast cancer cases for stage, age, and year of diagnosis. Patients and Methods 39 consecutive cases of PABC were matched with 39 premenopausal cases of breast cancer. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses followed by adjustment for stage, grade, estrogen receptor status, and age at diagnosis, were performed. Results Regarding overall survival (OS), univariate analysis pointed to longer OS in non-PABC cases vs. PABC cases. Accordingly, a more advanced stage predicted shorter survival. In the multivariate analysis, the independent aggravating effect mediated by pregnancy persisted. Interestingly, a post hoc nested analysis within PABC cases indicated that the 3rd trimester pointed to shorter OS. The aforementioned results on OS were also replicated during the examination of relapse-free survival. Conclusion Implementing a matched case-case design, the present study points to pregnancy as a poor prognostic factor for breast cancer. PMID:24415971
Cancer Advocacy in Africa: case studies of innovative practices
Odedina, Folakemi T; Rodrigues, Belmira
In this paper, we present six case studies describing innovative cancer advocacy programs in Africa. For each case study, an example of an advocacy activity, list of factors contributing to the success of the organization, and an example of an obstacle addressed by the organization are described.
Bortezomib in Treating Patients With Stage IIIB or Stage IV Lung Cancer
Adenocarcinoma of the Lung; Bronchoalveolar Cell Lung Cancer; Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; Recurrent Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; Stage IIIB Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; Stage IV Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Soy Isoflavones Supplementation in Treating Women at High Risk For or With Breast Cancer
BRCA1 Mutation Carrier; BRCA2 Mutation Carrier; Ductal Breast Carcinoma in Situ; Lobular Breast Carcinoma in Situ; Stage IA Breast Cancer; Stage IB Breast Cancer; Stage II Breast Cancer; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer
Combination Chemotherapy Plus Amifostine in Treating Patients With Metastatic or Unresectable Cancer
Bladder Cancer; Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors; Carcinoma of Unknown Primary; Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumor; Head and Neck Cancer; Kidney Cancer; Lung Cancer; Ovarian Cancer; Sarcoma; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor; Unspecified Adult Solid Tumor, Protocol Specific
A Case Report of Telangiectatic Rosacea Treated with Long Pulsed Nd-YAG Laser
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Can Ergin
Full Text Available Rosacea is a chronic enflammatory skin disease characterized by facial erythema, telangiectasia, papules and pustules. A variety of topical and systemic medications are used in the treatment of the disease. Recently, erythema and telangiectasia in rosacea patients have been frequently treated with laser applications. Herein, we present a case of rosacea whose telangiectasia were successfully treated with Nd-YAG laser treatment.
Two cases of rectal cancer accompanied with radiation colitis
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
This paper presents two cases of rectal cancer accompanied with radiation colitis. Case 1 was a 53-year-old woman, who had a history of undergoing radiation therapy for a uterine cervical cancer 11 years before. She was seen at the hospital because of constipation and pointed out a IIa-like lesion on the rectum by colonoscopy. Abdominoperineal resection was performed. The surgical specimen showed the IIa-like lesion on the rectum. Pathological findings revealed well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining of p53 showed positive cells in atrophic glands. Case 2 was a 62-year-old woman complaining of diarrhea. There was a previous history of receiving radiation therapy for a uterine cancer 20 years before. Colonoscopy showed a Borrmann type 2 cancer on the rectum. Abdominoperineal resection was performed. Histological findings revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma invading to the propria muscle. The features of radiation colitis were observed around the cancer in the two cases which provided a clue to diagnose the lesions with radiation-induced cancer. (author)
Oral vinorelbine: its role in advanced breast cancer pre-treated with anthracycline and taxane chemotherapies
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Fausto Petrelli
Full Text Available Metastatic breast cancer (BC remains an incurable disease and clinical benefit and prolongation of time to progression are the main end-points in advanced setting. A safe and feasible schedule of administration is the principal option in pre-treated and symptomatic patients, as in the elderly too. Oral vinorelbine represents a good choice for its toxicity profile and activity in anthracycline and taxane-pre-treated BC patients. A 20–30% response rate (RR can be obtained when used as single agent. In phase II trials, involving fit patients, and when oral vinorelbine is used in combination with other agents (e.g., capecitabine a RR of 50-60% has been observed. In HER2-positive BC a combination of oral vinorelbine and trastuzumab has a dramatic activity in first-line therapy and is a reasonable choice in trastuzumab pre-treated patients. In conclusion, oral vinorelbine represents a pivotal choice in advanced and pre-treated BC both as single agent and in combination with others.
The Clinical Report on the 3 Cases of Sciatica treated on Direct Moxibustion
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jun-Hyuk Kang
Full Text Available Objectives : The purpose of this report is to examine the effects of direct moxibustion on the Low back pain and Lowerlimb radiating pain. Methods : The patients were hospitalized in Daejeon Univ. Oriental Hospital and treated with acupuncture treatment, physical treatment and direct moxibustion. After treatments, we measured the Results & Conclusions : VAS(Visual Analogue Scale and PRS(Pain Rating Scale. VAS(Visual Analogue Scale and PRS(Pain Rating Scale scores were improved in 3 cases of Low back pain and Lowerlimb radiating pain treated with direct moxibustion. So it is suggested that direct moxibution have the possibility to treat on sciatica
Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Rapamycin in Treating Patients With Advanced Cancer With mTOR Mutations
Advanced Malignant Neoplasm; Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Endometrial Carcinoma; Malignant Uterine Neoplasm; Recurrent Bladder Carcinoma; Recurrent Breast Carcinoma; Recurrent Cervical Carcinoma; Recurrent Head and Neck Carcinoma; Recurrent Malignant Neoplasm; Recurrent Ovarian Carcinoma; Recurrent Prostate Carcinoma; Recurrent Renal Cell Carcinoma; Solid Neoplasm; Stage III Bladder Cancer; Stage III Prostate Cancer; Stage III Renal Cell Cancer; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIIA Cervical Cancer; Stage IIIA Ovarian Cancer; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer; Stage IIIB Cervical Cancer; Stage IIIB Ovarian Cancer; Stage IIIC Breast Cancer; Stage IIIC Ovarian Cancer; Stage IV Breast Cancer; Stage IV Ovarian Cancer; Stage IV Prostate Cancer; Stage IV Renal Cell Cancer; Stage IVA Bladder Cancer; Stage IVA Cervical Cancer; Stage IVB Bladder Cancer; Stage IVB Cervical Cancer
Successful immunological treatment of gallbladder cancer in India-Case report
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
KHAN Jamal A.; YAQIN Sharmin
Gallbladder cancer has a poor outcome because of its anatomy and location. Often, the diagnosis is made very late due to its silent course. Post-operated cases do respond to chemotherapy but the survival is counted in months and the quality of life is further hampered due to toxicity of drugs. Immunotherapy holds good promise in non-responding cancers treated by conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Among various therapies, dendritic cell therapy is growing at rapid pace due to its acceptable rationale.It has been utilized in treating successfully resected stage Ⅲ (T2, N1, M0) gallbladder cancer in one of our patients. A 48 years old lady treated with this therapy is free of metastasis with ten doses of autologous dendritic cell vaccine constructed by utilizing resected tumor lysate antigen. She has received ten doses of therapy in 14 months of her treatment. This therapy has proven to be safe and without apparent side effects. The positive clinical response obtained supports that autologous dendritic cell-based immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach for refractory gallbladder cancers.
Locally advanced thyroid cancer: case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
R. I. Azizyan
Full Text Available The paper gives the results of treatment in a female patient with locally advanced thyroid cancer with a tumor thrombus in the internal jugular vein with laryngeal or tracheal involvement, and a giant metastasis into the bone of the vault of the skull.
[Two cases of phytobezoars treated by adminsitration of Coca-Cola by oral route].
Lee, Hyun Jai; Kang, Hyoun Goo; Park, Se Young; Yi, Chea Yong; Na, Gyoung Jun; Lee, Tae Yeong; Kim, Sang Hyun; Song, Chul Soo
Bezoars are concretions of foreign bodies found in the gastrointestinal tract. In the past, most common method for the treatment of bezoar was surgical management. However, the current treatment methods include chemical dissolution and endoscopic mechanical lithotripsy. There were few reports on the treatment of phytobezoars by nasogastric Cola lavage. However, there was no report succeeded by oral route alone. In our two cases, phytobezoars were treated by oral administration of Coca-Cola. Our patients drank 700-800 mL of Coca-Cola daily, and after two months, complete dissolutions of bezoars were achieved. We report two cases of phytobezoars completely treated by drinking Coca-Cola. PMID:17189928
Fifty Cases of Parkinson's Disease Treated by Acupuncture Combined with Madopar
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
REN Xiao-ming
objective;To search for an effective therapy for trealing motor disorder due to Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods;Fifty cases in a treatrnent group were treated by acupuncture combined with madopar,and 30 cases in a control group treated by madopar only.Results;A total effective rate of 92%was achieved with obvious alleviation of motor disorder in the treatment group,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion;Acupuncture can enhance therapeutic effects of western medicine and lessen the dose of the medicine needed.
[A case of metastatic gastric cancer originating from transverse colon cancer].
Nushijima, Youichirou; Nakano, Katsutoshi; Sugimoto, Keishi; Nakaguchi, Kazunori; Kan, Kazuomi; Maruyama, Hirohide; Doi, Sadayuki; Okamura, Shu; Murata, Kohei
Metastatic gastric cancer is uncommon, and metastasis of colorectal cancer to the stomach is extremely rare. We report a case of metastatic gastric cancer that originated from transverse colon cancer. A 52-year-old woman underwent a left hemicolectomy and D3 lymph node dissection based on a diagnosis of transverse colon cancer. The pathology results were as follows: mucinous adenocarcinoma, type 2, 6 × 11 cm, ss, ly1 v1, pm (-), dm (-), n1 (+), P0, H0, M0, Stage IIIa. The patient received XELOX as postoperative adjuvant therapy for 6 months. One year and 3 months after the left hemicolectomy, gastroscopy revealed a submucosal tumor in the lower body of the stomach and an incipient cancer in the cardia of the stomach, and a colonoscopy revealed an incipient cancer in the transverse colon. An endoscopic ultrasonography fine needle aspiration biopsy of the submucosal tumor in the lower body of the stomach was performed. Histology showed that this tumor was a mucinous adenocarcinoma similar to the primary transverse colon cancer, which led to a diagnosis of metastatic gastric cancer originating from transverse colon cancer. Distant metastasis was not detected. Endoscopic submucosal dissection of the incipient gastric cancer was performed, as were distal gastrectomy and partial colectomy. Peritoneal dissemination and para-aortic lymph node recurrence were detected 7 months after the second surgery.
A case of radiation-induced cancer of the hypopharynx
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Miyamoto, Kouji; Shimizu, Yukio; Yura, Jirou; Itoh, Yasufumi; Ikeda, Tsuneko [Matsunami General Hospital, Kasamatsu, Gifu (Japan); Outsubo, Toshio; Saitou, Hitoshi
We report a case of radiation-induced cancer of the hypopharynx in a 65-year-old woman. The patient had received radiation treatment for Basedow's disease for several years starting at the age of 10 years. On June 26, 1993, she was examined at our hospital because of hoarseness and dysphagia. On July 22, right lobectomy was performed for suspected thyroid cancer. During this operation, endoscopy revealed hypopharyngeal cancer. Twenty-two days after surgery, total pharyngolaryngectomy and total esophagectomy were performed and a pharyngogastrostomy and a permanent tracheostomy were created. Histologic examination revealed moderately differentiated squamous cell cancer. This case was diagnosed as radiation-induced caner according to the diagnostic criteria of Sakai. (author)
Identifying incident oral and pharyngeal cancer cases using Medicare claims
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mahnken Jonathan D
Full Text Available Abstract Background Baseline and trend data for oral and pharyngeal cancer incidence is limited. A new algorithm was derived using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER-Medicare linked database to create an algorithm to identify incident cases of oral and pharyngeal cancer using Medicare claims. Methods Using a split-sample approach, Medicare claims' procedure and diagnosis codes were used to generate a new algorithm to identify oral and pharyngeal cancer cases and validate its operating characteristics. Results The algorithm had high sensitivity (95% and specificity (97%, which varied little by age group, sex, and race and ethnicity. Conclusion Examples of the utility of this algorithm and its operating characteristics include using it to derive baseline and trend estimates of oral and pharyngeal cancer incidence. Such measures could be used to provide incidence estimates where they are lacking or to serve as comparator estimates for tumor registries.
Endoluminal brachytherapy in the treatment of oesophageal cancer: technique description, case report and review of the literature
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Luisa Castilla
Full Text Available Endoesophageal brachytherapy is a useful technique for the palliative treatment of dysphagia in advanced oesophageal cancer. This technique offers good results on dysphagia control and quality of life. We report the case of a patient treated with this technique presenting complete response to the dysphagia. We describe endoesophageal brachyterapy technique and we comment on the literature.
The using of megavoltage computed tomography in image-guided brachytherapy for cervical cancer: A case report
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tharavichitkul, Ekkasit; Janla-or, Suwapim; Wanwilairat, Somsak; Chakrabandhu, Somvilai; Klunklin, Pitchayaponne; Onchan, Wimrak; Supawongwattana, Bongkot; Chitapanarux, Imjai [Division of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Dept. of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai (Thailand); Galalae, Razvan M. [Faculty of Medicine, Christian-Albrecht University (Campus Kiel), Kiel (Germany)
We present a case of cervical cancer treated by concurrent chemoradiation. In radiation therapy part, the combination of the whole pelvic helical tomotherapy plus image-guided brachytherapy with megavoltage computed tomography of helical tomotherapy was performed. We propose this therapeutic approach could be considered in a curative setting in some problematic situation as our institution.
EUS-Guided Choledochoduodenostomy for Biliary Drainage in Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Case Series
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Everson LA Artifon
Full Text Available Context Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP is the procedure of choice for biliary decompression in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. However, it may be unsuccessful in 3 to 10% of cases. When ERCP is unsuccessful, the usual alternatives are percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage or surgery. Recently, several authors have reported the use of EUS-guided biliary drainage in patients with malignant biliary obstructions, with acceptable success and complication rates. We describe three cases of unresectable pancreatic cancer associated with obstructive jaundice, treated by EUS-guided biliary drainage. Case report Three patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer, associated with obstructive jaundice, were included. ERCP was unsuccessful because of complete tumor obstruction of the distal common bile duct and papilla invasion. An EUS-guided rendezvous maneuver was attempted, without success. Then, EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy, with a partially covered self-expanding metal stent, was performed in the same procedure. There were no early complications and the procedure was also clinically effective in relieving jaundice in all cases. Conclusions EUS-guided biliary drainage is a feasible alternative to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage or surgery in unresectable pancreatic cancer with obstructive jaundice when ERCP fails. However, the development of new specific instruments and studies comparing this procedure with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and surgery are needed.
Pilot study of bone mineral density in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy
Headley, J. A.; Theriault, R. L.; LeBlanc, A. D.; Vassilopoulou-Sellin, R.; Hortobagyi, G. N.
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in breast cancer patients previously treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Sixteen of 27 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy became permanently amenorrheic as a result of chemotherapy. BMD was measured at the lumbar spine using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Chemotherapy drugs and dosages along with a history of risk factors for reduced bone density including activity level, tobacco and/or alcohol use, metabolic bone disease, family history, and hormone exposure were identified. Results showed that women who became permanently amenorrheic as a result of chemotherapy had BMD 14% lower than women who maintained menses after chemotherapy. Chemotherapy-treated women who maintained ovarian function had normal BMD. This study suggests that women who have premature menopause as a result of chemotherapy for breast cancer are at increased risk of bone loss and may be at risk for early development of osteoporosis. Women who maintain menses do not appear to be at risk for accelerated trabecular bone loss.
Renal Collecting Duct Cancer: a Report of 2 Cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Shiying Zhou
@@ Renal collecting duct cancer is a rare malignant tumor, which accounts for 1% to 2% of epithelial kidney tumors,[1] Its pathological appearance has been easily misdiagnosed as a mammilliform renal cell carcinoma or as other tumors. The malignancy of renal collecting duct cancer is high, with early metastasis and poor prognosis. The clinical data for 2 cases of the tumor are discussed in this report, including reports on the histopathology and the changes in immunohistochemistry.
Case-control study of fetal microchimerism and breast cancer.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Vijayakrishna K Gadi
Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Prior pregnancy is known to protect against development of breast cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated that pregnancy has the capacity to establish small numbers of immunologically active fetal-derived cells in the mother, a phenomenon known as fetal microchimerism (FMc. We asked whether presence of FMc, routinely acquired during pregnancy, is a protective factor for breast cancer. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: DNA extracts from peripheral blood specimens were obtained from a population-based case-control study of risk factors for breast cancer in women 21 to 45 years old. Specimens were tested with quantitative PCR for presence and concentrations of male DNA presumed to derive from prior pregnancies with a male fetus. Odds ratios (OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI were estimated with consideration of multiple established reproductive and environmental risk factors for breast cancer. FMc results were generated on 99 parous women, 54 with primary invasive breast cancer and 45 general population controls. FMc prevalence was 56% (25/45 and 26% (14/54 in controls and cases, respectively. Women harboring FMc were less likely to have had breast cancer (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.11-0.83; p = 0.02, adjusting for age, number of children, birth of a son, history of miscarriage, and total DNA tested. In addition, FMc concentrations were higher in controls versus cases (p = 0.01. Median concentrations were 2 (0-78 and 0 (0-374 fetal genomes/10(6 maternal genomes in controls and cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that the enigma of why some parous women are not afforded protection from breast cancer by pregnancy might in part be explained by differences in FMc. Mechanistic studies of FMc-derived protection against breast cancer are warranted.
Acute toxicity in prostate cancer patients treated with and without image-guided radiotherapy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Williams Scott
Full Text Available Abstract Background Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT increases the accuracy of treatment delivery through daily target localisation. We report on toxicity symptoms experienced during radiotherapy treatment, with and without IGRT in prostate cancer patients treated radically. Methods Between 2006 and 2009, acute toxicity data for ten symptoms were collected prospectively onto standardized assessment forms. Toxicity was scored during radiotherapy, according to the Common Terminology Criteria Adverse Events V3.0, for 275 prostate cancer patients before and after the implementation of a fiducial marker IGRT program and dose escalation from 74Gy in 37 fractions, to 78Gy in 39 fractions. Margins and planning constraints were maintained the same during the study period. The symptoms scored were urinary frequency, cystitis, bladder spasm, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, proctitis, anal skin discomfort and fatigue. Analysis was conducted for the maximum grade of toxicity and the median number of days from the onset of that toxicity to the end of treatment. Results In the IGRT group, 14228 toxicity scores were analysed from 249 patients. In the non-IGRT group, 1893 toxicity scores were analysed from 26 patients. Urinary frequency ≥G3 affected 23% and 7% in the non-IGRT and IGRT group respectively (p = 0.0188. Diarrhoea ≥G2 affected 15% and 3% of patients in the non-IGRT and IGRT groups (p = 0.0174. Fatigue ≥G2 affected 23% and 8% of patients in the non-IGRT and IGRT groups (p = 0.0271. The median number of days with a toxicity was higher for ≥G2 (p = 0.0179 and ≥G3 frequency (p = 0.0027, ≥G2 diarrhoea (p = 0.0033 and ≥G2 fatigue (p = 0.0088 in the non-IGRT group compared to the IGRT group. Other toxicities were not of significant statistical difference. Conclusions In this study, prostate cancer patients treated radically with IGRT had less severe urinary frequency, diarrhoea and fatigue during treatment
Acute toxicity in prostate cancer patients treated with and without image-guided radiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) increases the accuracy of treatment delivery through daily target localisation. We report on toxicity symptoms experienced during radiotherapy treatment, with and without IGRT in prostate cancer patients treated radically. Between 2006 and 2009, acute toxicity data for ten symptoms were collected prospectively onto standardized assessment forms. Toxicity was scored during radiotherapy, according to the Common Terminology Criteria Adverse Events V3.0, for 275 prostate cancer patients before and after the implementation of a fiducial marker IGRT program and dose escalation from 74Gy in 37 fractions, to 78Gy in 39 fractions. Margins and planning constraints were maintained the same during the study period. The symptoms scored were urinary frequency, cystitis, bladder spasm, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, proctitis, anal skin discomfort and fatigue. Analysis was conducted for the maximum grade of toxicity and the median number of days from the onset of that toxicity to the end of treatment. In the IGRT group, 14228 toxicity scores were analysed from 249 patients. In the non-IGRT group, 1893 toxicity scores were analysed from 26 patients. Urinary frequency ≥G3 affected 23% and 7% in the non-IGRT and IGRT group respectively (p = 0.0188). Diarrhoea ≥G2 affected 15% and 3% of patients in the non-IGRT and IGRT groups (p = 0.0174). Fatigue ≥G2 affected 23% and 8% of patients in the non-IGRT and IGRT groups (p = 0.0271). The median number of days with a toxicity was higher for ≥G2 (p = 0.0179) and ≥G3 frequency (p = 0.0027), ≥G2 diarrhoea (p = 0.0033) and ≥G2 fatigue (p = 0.0088) in the non-IGRT group compared to the IGRT group. Other toxicities were not of significant statistical difference. In this study, prostate cancer patients treated radically with IGRT had less severe urinary frequency, diarrhoea and fatigue during treatment compared to patients treated with non-IGRT. Onset of these
The clinical study on the cased of Herpes Zoster Treated with Korean Oriental Medicine
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Seong-Wook Kim
Full Text Available Objective : These case study were made to evaluate and observe the treatment for the Herpes-Zoster through the korean oriental medicine. Method : Clinical observation and analysis about 4 cases of Herpes-zoster including the Ramsay's-hunt syndrome had been done the patients of the Sang-Ji Oriental Medicine Hospital. These cases were mainly treated with oriental medicine using the Herb medication, Korean Bee-Venom therapy, Acupuncture and Electro-acupuncture therapy. Acupuncture technic was mainly used Sa-Am acupuncture(Four needle technique. Result : After treatment, all of cases were completely cured without any complication. Conclusion : Based on the clinical results, Korean Oriental Medicine is believed to be effective for treating Herpes-zoster, and further studies should be conducted to provide more valuable information.
Interleukin-12 in Treating Patients With Hematologic Cancers or Solid Tumors
Breast Cancer; Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders; Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor; Kidney Cancer; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Neuroblastoma; Ovarian Cancer; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor
Lymphocyte Infusion in Treating Patients With Relapsed Cancer After Bone Marrow or Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation
Breast Cancer; Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders; Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor; Kidney Cancer; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Neuroblastoma; Ovarian Cancer; Sarcoma; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor
Biological Therapy Following Chemotherapy and Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Patients With Cancer
Breast Cancer; Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders; Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor; Kidney Cancer; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Neuroblastoma; Ovarian Cancer; Sarcoma; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor
Subsequent malignancies in patients treated with 131-iodine for thyroid cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
I-131 was administered to 298 patients with thyroid cancer, and there has been a follow-up of at least two years. Follow-up periods were: 2.5 to 30 years (median 14.5) in living patients, 2.5 to 15 years (median 5.5) in patients dead of tumour ≥ 2 years after first treatment and 2.5 to 23 years (median nine) in patients dead without tumour. Person-years at risk were (total applied activity of I-131): 1119 (3 to 21 GBq), 1477 (22 to 65 GBq), 521 (61 to 170 Gbq). 33 subsequent malignancies in 31 patients were observed, compared to an expected number of 17. The relative risk of subsequent malignancies is therefore 1.94 with a 95% confidence intervall of 1.15 to 3.05. This increase in the incidence of subsequent malignancies after I-131 treatments is largely due to the significantly increased incidence of leukemia and bladder cancer. Estimated radiation doses to the bone marrow in the patients with leukemia were 301 cGy to 792 cGy and the doses to the bladder in patients with bladder cancer were 2250 cGy to 10, 350 cGy. After a total activity of less than 37 GBq I-131, no cases of bladder cancer or leukemia were observed. The observed number of subsequent malignancies are compared with the expected number according to several dose-effect estimations. (orig.)
A severe case of acute exogenous lipoid pneumonia treated with systemic corticosteroid
Yasui, Hideki; Yokomura, Koshi; Suda, Takafumi
Acute exogenous lipoid pneumonia is a rare disorder in adults. A treatment of choice for lipoid pneumonia has not been established, and systemic corticosteroid use remains controversial. We report the case of a 32-year-old man with schizophrenia who presented with kerosene-induced acute exogenous lipoid pneumonia that was treated with a systemic corticosteroid. In this case, supportive therapy did not improve the patient's condition, so systemic corticosteroid therapy was commenced four days ...
Survival Analysis of 121 Stage N2-IIIa Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Surgery
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Heli YANG
Full Text Available Background and objective It has still been controversial to treat N2-IIIa non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC patients by surgery or non-surgery. We retrospectively analysed the survival of 121 stage N2-IIIa NSCLC patients treated with surgery and explored their postoperatively long-term prognostic factors. Methods All of 1,290 patients in Beijing Cancer Hospital underwent resection by single-surgeon-team, among which 121 cases with stage N2-IIIa were enrolled in the study. We retrospectively analysed the impact of gender, age, smoking, perioperative chemotherapy, incision, histological type, vascular tumor emboli, pTstage and tumor size on survival of stage N2-IIIa patients, and compared the survival between patients with single-and multi-station N2 metastasis, and between intraoperatively or postoperatively pathological N2 (IIIa1/a2 and preoperative N2 (IIIa3/a4. Univariate analysis was conducted by Kaplan-Meier curve, and significance test was performed by Log-rank test and Cox regression factor analysis was applicated for multivariate analysis. Results The 5-yr of all the 121 cases was 43.6%, with a median survival time being 50.3 mo. Univariate analysis showed the 5-year survival rate in patients with single- and multi- station N2 metastasis were 58.3% and 25.5%, respectively (P=0.001, 5-year survival rate in patients with stage IIIa1/a2 and stag IIIa3/a4 were 52.7% and 38.4%, respectively (P=0.020. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only single station N2 (HR=0.326, 95%CI: 0.186-0.572, P<0.001 and IIIa1/a2 (HR=0.494, 95%CI: 0.259-0.941, P=0.032 were independent prognostic factors for stage N2-IIIa lung cancer patients. Conclusion The prognosis of stage N2-IIIa NSCLC patients with single-station N2 metastasis were better than those with multi-station N2 metastasis. Besides, IIIa1/a2 patients had a better survival compared with stage IIIa3/a4 patients. A multi-disciplinary comprehensive treatment based on surgery may allow patients with
Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer in China: A Multicenter Case-Control Study
Zhaoxu Zheng
Background: Despite having one of the highest mortality rates of all cancers, the risk factors of pancreatic cancer remain unclear. We assessed risk factors of pancreatic cancer in China. Methods: A case-control study design was conducted using data from four hospital-based cancer registries (Henan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Hebei Provincial Cancer Hospital, and Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences). Controls were equally matched and selected fro...
Prognosis for Mammographically Occult, Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Breast-Conservation Therapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Purpose: To compare mammographically occult (MamOcc) and mammographically positive (MamPos) early-stage breast cancer patients treated with breast-conservation therapy (BCT), to analyze differences between the two cohorts. Methods and Materials: Our two cohorts consisted of 214 MamOcc and 2168 MamPos patients treated with BCT. Chart reviews were conducted to assess mammogram reports and method of detection. All clinical-pathologic and outcome parameters were analyzed to detect differences between the two cohorts. Results: Median follow-up was 7 years. There were no differences in final margins, T stage, nodal status, estrogen/progesterone receptor status, or 'triple-negative' status. Significant differences included younger age at diagnosis (p o histology (p < 0.0001). At 10 years, the differences in overall survival, cause-specific survival, and distant relapse between the two groups did not differ significantly. The MamOcc cohort had more breast relapses (15% vs. 8%; p = 0.0357), but on multivariate analysis this difference was not significant (hazard ratio 1.0, 95% confidence interval 0.993-1.007, p = 0.9296). Breast relapses were mammographically occult in 32% of the MamOcc and 12% of the MamPos cohorts (p = 0.0136). Conclusions: Although our study suggests that there are clinical-pathologic variations for the MamOcc cohort vs. MamPos patients that may ultimately affect management, breast relapse after BCT was not significantly different. Breast recurrences were more often mammographically occult in the MamOcc cohort; consideration should be given to closer follow-up and alternative imaging strategies (ultrasound, breast MRI) for routine posttreatment examination. To our knowledge, this represents the largest series addressing the prognostic significance of MamOcc cancers treated with BCT.
Cancer and polluted work places: a case-control study.
Kjuus, H; Lislerud, A; Lyngdal, P T; Omland, H; Stave, O; Langård, S
The possible association between selected cancers and polluted work places has been studied in a hospital-based, case-control study. By dividing all jobs in the participants working career into "polluted" and "clean", a crude measure for the total industrial exposure a worker experiences throughout his life was established. Among 103 age-matched, case-control pairs the overall estimated relative risk (RR) for exposed subjects (greater than or equal to 10 years in a polluted work place) of developing cancer compared to nonexposed (less than 10 years in a polluted work place) was 1.1. The only subgroup where a significant difference was found between the cases and the controls was the lung cancer subgroup (RR = 4.0, p = 0.02, two-tailed). When the 30 lung cancer cases were compared to an alternative control group consisting of 60 subjects matched for age and smoking habits, an estimated RR of 4.5 was found. A moderate, but not significant association between lung cancer and definite asbestos exposure was also found (RR: 2.3). As most workers are exposed to a variety of industrial agents throughout their working careers, further development of methods for characterizing combined exposures are needed, both for retrospective and prospective purposes. PMID:7068240
Body composition changes in females treated for breast cancer: a review of the evidence.
Sheean, Patricia M; Hoskins, Kent; Stolley, Melinda
Body composition changes cannot be precisely captured using body weight or body mass index measures. Therefore, the primary purpose of this review was to characterize the patterns of body composition change in females treated for breast cancer including only studies that utilize imaging technologies to quantify adipose tissue and lean body mass (LBM). We reviewed PubMed for studies published between 1971 and 2012 involving females diagnosed with breast cancer where computed axial tomography , dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, or magnetic resonance imaging were employed for body composition assessment. Of the initial 440 studies, 106 papers were evaluated and 36 papers met all eligibility criteria (15 observational and 21 intervention trials). Results of these studies revealed that body weight did not consistently increase. Importantly, studies also showed that body weight did not accurately depict changes in lean or adipose tissues. Further findings included that sarcopenic obesity as a consequence of breast cancer treatment was not definitive, as menopausal status may be a substantial moderator of body composition. Overall, the behavioral interventions did not exhibit consistent or profound effects on body composition outcomes; approximately half showed favorable influence on adiposity while the effects on LBM were not apparent. The use of tamoxifen had a clear negative impact on body composition. The majority of studies were conducted in predominantly white survivors, highlighting the need for trials in minority populations. Collectively, these studies were limited by age, race, and/or menopause status matched control groups, overall size, and statistical power. Very few studies simultaneously collected diet and exercise data-two potential factors that impact body composition. Future breast cancer trials should prioritize precise body composition methodologies to elucidate how these changes impact recurrence, prognosis, and mortality, and to provide clinicians
DNA Damage and Repair Biomarkers in Cervical Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: An Exploratory Analysis.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Patrizia Vici
Full Text Available Cervical cancer cells commonly harbour a defective G1/S checkpoint owing to the interaction of viral oncoproteins with p53 and retinoblastoma protein. The activation of the G2/M checkpoint may thus become essential for protecting cancer cells from genotoxic insults, such as chemotherapy. In 52 cervical cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we investigated whether the levels of phosphorylated Wee1 (pWee1, a key G2/M checkpoint kinase, and γ-H2AX, a marker of DNA double-strand breaks, discriminated between patients with a pathological complete response (pCR and those with residual disease. We also tested the association between pWee1 and phosphorylated Chk1 (pChk1, a kinase acting upstream Wee1 in the G2/M checkpoint pathway. pWee1, γ-H2AX and pChk1 were retrospectively assessed in diagnostic biopsies by immunohistochemistry. The degrees of pWee1 and pChk1 expression were defined using three different classification methods, i.e., staining intensity, Allred score, and a multiplicative score. γ-H2AX was analyzed both as continuous and categorical variable. Irrespective of the classification used, elevated levels of pWee1 and γ-H2AX were significantly associated with a lower rate of pCR. In univariate and multivariate analyses, pWee1 and γ-H2AX were both associated with reduced pCR. Internal validation conducted through a re-sampling without replacement procedure confirmed the robustness of the multivariate model. Finally, we found a significant association between pWee1 and pChk1. The message conveyed by the present analysis is that biomarkers of DNA damage and repair may predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer. Further studies are warranted to prospectively validate these encouraging findings.
DNA Damage and Repair Biomarkers in Cervical Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: An Exploratory Analysis.
Vici, Patrizia; Buglioni, Simonetta; Sergi, Domenico; Pizzuti, Laura; Di Lauro, Luigi; Antoniani, Barbara; Sperati, Francesca; Terrenato, Irene; Carosi, Mariantonia; Gamucci, Teresa; Dattilo, Rosanna; Bartucci, Monica; Vincenzoni, Cristina; Mariani, Luciano; Vizza, Enrico; Sanguineti, Giuseppe; Gadducci, Angiolo; Vitale, Ilio; Barba, Maddalena; De Maria, Ruggero; Mottolese, Marcella; Maugeri-Saccà, Marcello
Cervical cancer cells commonly harbour a defective G1/S checkpoint owing to the interaction of viral oncoproteins with p53 and retinoblastoma protein. The activation of the G2/M checkpoint may thus become essential for protecting cancer cells from genotoxic insults, such as chemotherapy. In 52 cervical cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we investigated whether the levels of phosphorylated Wee1 (pWee1), a key G2/M checkpoint kinase, and γ-H2AX, a marker of DNA double-strand breaks, discriminated between patients with a pathological complete response (pCR) and those with residual disease. We also tested the association between pWee1 and phosphorylated Chk1 (pChk1), a kinase acting upstream Wee1 in the G2/M checkpoint pathway. pWee1, γ-H2AX and pChk1 were retrospectively assessed in diagnostic biopsies by immunohistochemistry. The degrees of pWee1 and pChk1 expression were defined using three different classification methods, i.e., staining intensity, Allred score, and a multiplicative score. γ-H2AX was analyzed both as continuous and categorical variable. Irrespective of the classification used, elevated levels of pWee1 and γ-H2AX were significantly associated with a lower rate of pCR. In univariate and multivariate analyses, pWee1 and γ-H2AX were both associated with reduced pCR. Internal validation conducted through a re-sampling without replacement procedure confirmed the robustness of the multivariate model. Finally, we found a significant association between pWee1 and pChk1. The message conveyed by the present analysis is that biomarkers of DNA damage and repair may predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer. Further studies are warranted to prospectively validate these encouraging findings. PMID:26930412
Quality of life of patients with laryngeal cancer treated with radiotherapy
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ikeda, Hajime; Sawai, Yuka; Inoue, Toshihiko [Osaka Univ. (Japan). Biomedical Research Center; Matayoshi, Yoshinobu; Murayama, Shigeyuki; Kozuka, Takahiro
Radiotherapy (RT) is considered as the best treatment for early laryngeal cancer in terms of survival and preservation of voice. Quality of life (QOL) must also be assessed after new treatments, such as laser treatment or laryngomicrosurgery. The QOL after RT was assessed in 61 patients (57 men and 4 women) with histologically proven laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer (glottis T1-2, 48 : supraglottis 11 : hypopharynx, 2). Cobalt-60 gamma rays were emitted via lateral opposed portals that included the glottis/larynx area. The delivered dose was 53 to 70 Gy/23 to 35 Fr (median, 60 Gy/30 Fr). Assessment was done by interview of physicians at periodic follow-up examinations of patients. The census period was June to December 1990. Patients` ages ranged from 37 to 82 years (median, 62 years) at treatment and 38 to 88 years (median, 68 years) at QOL assessment. Most patients enjoyed the similar daily activities and job status as before. Thirty-seven of 61 patients felt occasional hoarseness after RT, and 21 refrained from loud speech. All patients could use the telephone easily, except for one patient who had severe hearing loss. Many patients stopped smoking cigarettes, but most drank as before RT. There were no significant differences in lifestyle quality between less than and more than 5 years after RT. This QOL assessment is applicable to patients with laryngeal cancer. One half of patients treated by RT have symptoms compatible with chronic laryngitis. This study confirms that RT yields good QOL and voice quality for patients with laryngeal cancer. (author).
Clinical Observation of Combined Acupuncture and Medications in Treating 90 Cases of Facial Palsy
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
WU Chun-huan; XIAO Yuan-chun
@@ Peripheral facial palsy, namely Bell palsy, is one ofthe common diseases in the department ofacupuncture. Facial palsy, popularly called wry mouthand eye, is primarily manifested by the motormalfunction of the muscles of the expression on theaffected side. The author adopted combinedacupuncture and medications to treat 90 cases offacial palsy from June 2005 to June 2007, andattained good effects. It is now reported as follows.
Using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Treat Distressed Couples: A Case Study With Two Couples
Peterson, Brennan D.; Eifert, Georg H.; Feingold, Tal; Davidson, Sarah
Although the field of couple therapy has made significant strides in recent years, there continues to be a need for theoretically sound and empirically supported treatments. The current case study examines whether Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), an experiential acceptance-based behavior therapy, can be effective in treating distressed…
A research related with pseudoarthrosis and correction loss in idiopatic scoliosis cases treated with Harrington rods
Hamzaoglu, Azmi; Domanic, Unsal; Cakmak, Mehmet; Temucin, Bahattin Oguz; Taser, Omer; Karamehmetoglu, M.
Attempts have been made to investigate the rate of correction loss, rate of pseudoarthrosis and its causes in 25 cases treated by Harrington procedure and whose last controls were made in the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology in the Medical School in Istanbul University during 1970-1978.
Development of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in patients treated for oesophageal atresia. A case report
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Qvist, N; Rasmussen, L; Hansen, L P;
Two cases of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) developed in 74 patients treated for oesophageal atresia. Treatment of oesophageal atresia is frequently followed by vomiting and failure to thrive due to gastrooesophageal reflux or anastomotic stricture. The diagnose of IHPS must...
Multiple Pyogenic Liver Abscesses Caused by Eggerthella lenta Treated with Ertapenem: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Richard M. Elias
Full Text Available Anaerobic gram-positive bacilli can occasionally be implicated in infections but are difficult to identify in culture by conventional biochemical methods. We report a case of liver abscesses caused by Eggerthella lenta, identified via 16S rRNA sequencing in a previously healthy patient, successfully treated with percutaneous drainage and ertapenem.
Forty Cases of Insomnia Treated by Multi-output Electric Pulsation and Auricular Plaster Therapy
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Liu Weizhe
@@ The writer has treated 40 cases of insomnia by the method of multi-output electric pulsation in combination with auricular plaster therapy (with a seed of Vaccariae segetalis 王不留行 taped tightly to a particular ear point and pressed) and received satisfactory therapeutic effects. A report follows.
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
XueLigong; ZhangHairong
Bone bi of the lumbar vertebrae is a common and frequently encountered disease in the middle-aged and old people. The autbor of the article treated 60 cases of bone bi of the lumbar vertebrae complicated with lumbocrural pain with the "long-round" needle which was made
Two Cases of Accidental Injection of Epinephrine into a Digit Treated with Subcutaneous Phentolamine Injections
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ryan P. Bodkin
Full Text Available Accidental injection into the digit from an epinephrine autoinjection device can cause discoloration, pain, and paresthesias. Although loss of digit is rare, treatment in the emergency department is commonly aimed at vasodilation of the affected tissue. We report two cases of accidental injection of epinephrine into the digits that were successfully treated with subcutaneous phentolamine injection with no adverse events.
Two Cases of Accidental Injection of Epinephrine into a Digit Treated with Subcutaneous Phentolamine Injections
Bodkin, Ryan P.; Acquisto, Nicole M.; Wiegand, Timothy J.
Accidental injection into the digit from an epinephrine autoinjection device can cause discoloration, pain, and paresthesias. Although loss of digit is rare, treatment in the emergency department is commonly aimed at vasodilation of the affected tissue. We report two cases of accidental injection of epinephrine into the digits that were successfully treated with subcutaneous phentolamine injection with no adverse events. PMID:24024046
Fifty-Six Cases of Acne Treated by Auricular Needle-Embedding
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
侯慧先; 吴童
@@ Acne is an inflammatory disease often affecting the boys and girls at the pubescent age, with a tendency of affecting the females aged 30-45 years. We have treated 56 cases of acne by auricular needle-embedding with satisfactory therapeutic results as reported in the following.
Common toxicities and objective response rate in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with irinotecan based regimens
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Liu Huang; Xin Liao; Qianqian Yu; Qiang Fu; Kai Qin; Huanlei Wu; Lihong Zhang; Xianglin Yuan
Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate if common toxicities are correlated to objective response rate (ORR) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients treated by irinotecan based regimens. Methods: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate correlations between common toxicities and binary ORR in 106 mCRC patients from a prospective cohort treated with irinotecan based regimens. Results: The most frequent severe toxicities (Grade 3/4) were as follows: neutropenia (27.4%), diarrhea (16.9%), leucopenia (12.6%), vomiting (3.2%) and thrombocytopenia (2.1%). Thrombocytosis was observed in 25 (26.3%) patients. ORR was 25.3%. Thrombocytopenia (P = 0.014), line of chemotherapy (P = 0.028) and thrombocytosis (P = 0.033) were correlated with ORR in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, thrombocytopenia (odds ratio [OR] = 8.600, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.705–43.385, P = 0.009) and first line chemotherapy (OR = 5.155, 95% CI = 1.153–23.256, P = 0.032) positively related to ORR. Conclusion: Throm-bocytopenia may be an indicator of ORR in mCRC patients treated by irinotecan plus 5-fluorouracil/capecitabine. Evidence is not strong enough to prove that irinotecan based regimens-induced diarrhea, leucopenia, neutropenia or vomiting is associ-ated with ORR.
Measurement of radiation exposure in attendants of thyroid cancer patients treated with 131I
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Patients treated with 131I for differentiated thyroid cancer present radiological risk to relatives, occupational exposed workers and general public. Recently, the IAEA issued document K-9010241, 2010, which recommends that patient discharge from hospital must be based on the particular status of each patient, unlike the current criteria applied in Mexico based on the exposure rate at a 1 m distance. In this work thermoluminescent dosimeters were used during a 15 day period to measure the effective dose received by 40 family caregivers of patients treated with 131I, after their release from hospital 'Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia', Mexico. Relatives were classified in two groups, ambulatory (outpatients) and hospitalized (inpatients), according to the release mode of the patient. Measurements were performed for 20 family caregivers in each group. The effective dose received by all family members of outpatient and inpatient groups was found to be smaller that 5 mSv. In addition, 70 and 90% of inpatient and outpatient groups, respectively, received doses lower than 1 mSv. These data provide information which allow to give recommendations of possible modifications to current regulations in Mexico regarding discharge from hospital of patients treated with radiopharmaceuticals. (Author)
Neuroinfection as a Mask of Lung Cancer: A Case Series
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Beata Kuklińska
Full Text Available Introduction. The diagnosis of lung cancer may still be difficult due to the fact that the first symptoms very often mimic symptoms of other diseases. Case Presentation. In this paper we present two cases, in which initial diagnosis of neuroinfection delayed proper diagnosis. Conclusion. Based on our experience we concluded that neurological symptoms in the area endemic for tick-borne diseases suggesting neuroinfection require careful differential diagnosis. Moreover, neurological symptoms in heavy smokers may be associated with metastases of lung cancer.
Neuroinfection as a Mask of Lung Cancer: A Case Series
Kuklińska, Beata; Moniuszko-Malinowska, Anna; Mróz, Robert; Pancewicz, Sławomir; Zajkowska, Joanna
Introduction. The diagnosis of lung cancer may still be difficult due to the fact that the first symptoms very often mimic symptoms of other diseases. Case Presentation. In this paper we present two cases, in which initial diagnosis of neuroinfection delayed proper diagnosis. Conclusion. Based on our experience we concluded that neurological symptoms in the area endemic for tick-borne diseases suggesting neuroinfection require careful differential diagnosis. Moreover, neurological symptoms in heavy smokers may be associated with metastases of lung cancer. PMID:27239354
Vaccine Therapy With or Without Sargramostim in Treating Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Cancer
Adenocarcinoma of the Colon; Adenocarcinoma of the Gallbladder; Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas; Adenocarcinoma of the Rectum; Adult Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Advanced Adult Primary Liver Cancer; Cholangiocarcinoma of the Gallbladder; Diffuse Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach; Intestinal Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach; Male Breast Cancer; Mixed Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach; Ovarian Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma; Paget Disease of the Breast With Intraductal Carcinoma; Paget Disease of the Breast With Invasive Ductal Carcinoma; Recurrent Adult Primary Liver Cancer; Recurrent Breast Cancer; Recurrent Colon Cancer; Recurrent Gallbladder Cancer; Recurrent Gastric Cancer; Recurrent Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Pancreatic Cancer; Recurrent Rectal Cancer; Recurrent Salivary Gland Cancer; Salivary Gland Adenocarcinoma; Stage II Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor; Stage II Pancreatic Cancer; Stage III Colon Cancer; Stage III Gastric Cancer; Stage III Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor; Stage III Pancreatic Cancer; Stage III Rectal Cancer; Stage III Salivary Gland Cancer; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer; Stage IV Breast Cancer; Stage IV Colon Cancer; Stage IV Gastric Cancer; Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer; Stage IV Rectal Cancer; Stage IV Salivary Gland Cancer; Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma; Unresectable Gallbladder Cancer
HSP90 Inhibitor AT13387 and Paclitaxel in Treating Patients With Advanced Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Estrogen Receptor Negative; HER2/Neu Negative; Progesterone Receptor Negative; Recurrent Breast Carcinoma; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer; Stage IIIC Breast Cancer; Stage IV Breast Cancer; Triple-Negative Breast Carcinoma
Inflammatory myopathy and severe rhabdomyolysis induced by leuprolide acetate therapy for prostate cancer: a case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rohacek Martin
Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Leuprolide acetate is a synthetic analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone used for the treatment of prostate cancer. Its side effects are hot flashes, nausea, and fatigue. We report a case of a patient with proximal inflammatory myopathy accompanied by severe rhabdomyolysis and renal failure following the second application of leuprolide acetate. Drug withdrawal and steroid therapy resulted in remission within six weeks of the diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, our case report describes the second case of leuprolide acetate-induced inflammatory myopathy and the first case of severe leuprolide acetate-induced rhabdomyolysis and renal failure in the literature. Case presentation A 64-year-old Swiss Caucasian man was admitted to the hospital because of progressive proximal muscle weakness, dyspnea, and oliguria. He had been treated twice with leuprolide acetate in monthly doses. We performed a muscle biopsy, which excluded other causes of myopathy. The patient's renal failure and rhabdomyolysis were treated with rehydration and steroid therapy. Conclusion The aim of our case report is to highlight the rare but severe side effects associated with leuprolide acetate therapy used to treat patients with inflammatory myopathy: severe rhabdomyolysis and renal failure.
Papillary Thyroid Cancer in Struma Testis with Malignant Transformation in the Lung Associated with Trisomy 17 Successfully Treated with Total Thyroidectomy and Radioiodine Ablation
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Shadi Barakat
Full Text Available Background: Struma testis is a rare entity, and there are only few reports on the malignant transformation of a testicular teratoma to papillary thyroid carcinoma in the literature. In this report, we describe the malignant transformation of struma testis with distant lung metastasis associated with trisomy 17 and a coexisting papillary microcarcinoma in the thyroid. Case Report: A 56-year-old man presented after a left orchiectomy for an undescended left testicle. Pathologic examination identified a monodermal teratoma composed of thyroid parenchyma and associated with a 1.7-cm papillary thyroid carcinoma. Further evaluation showed a pulmonary mass on a chest CT scan. Total thyroidectomy revealed a 0.5-mm focus of papillary thyroid cancer, and removal of the lung mass confirmed metastatic papillary thyroid cancer. Array-comparative genomic hybridization of both tumors showed trisomy 17 in the struma testes and the lung metastasis. The patient responded well to radioactive iodine ablation and has no evidence of cancer 3 years later. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first case of papillary thyroid cancer in struma testes metastatic to the lung. It highlights the difficulties in treating these patients. Surgery to remove cancer foci, followed by radioactive iodine ablation, resulted in an excellent response in our patient. Interestingly, trisomy 17, which has so far been observed only in noninvasive thyroid nodules, was associated with pulmonary metastasis in our patient.
Erlotinib Hydrochloride and Cetuximab in Treating Patients With Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancer, Head and Neck Cancer, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, or Colorectal Cancer
Adenocarcinoma of the Colon; Adenocarcinoma of the Rectum; Advanced Adult Primary Liver Cancer; Carcinoma of the Appendix; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor; Metastatic Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumor; Metastatic Squamous Neck Cancer With Occult Primary; Recurrent Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity; Recurrent Adult Primary Liver Cancer; Recurrent Anal Cancer; Recurrent Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Lip; Recurrent Colon Cancer; Recurrent Esophageal Cancer; Recurrent Esthesioneuroblastoma of the Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity; Recurrent Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer; Recurrent Gallbladder Cancer; Recurrent Gastric Cancer; Recurrent Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumor; Recurrent Inverted Papilloma of the Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity; Recurrent Lymphoepithelioma of the Nasopharynx; Recurrent Lymphoepithelioma of the Oropharynx; Recurrent Metastatic Squamous Neck Cancer With Occult Primary; Recurrent Midline Lethal Granuloma of the Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity; Recurrent Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity; Recurrent Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; Recurrent Pancreatic Cancer; Recurrent Rectal Cancer; Recurrent Salivary Gland Cancer; Recurrent Small Intestine Cancer; Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Hypopharynx; Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx; Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip and Oral Cavity; Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Nasopharynx; Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oropharynx; Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity; Recurrent Verrucous Carcinoma of the Larynx; Recurrent Verrucous Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity; Small Intestine Adenocarcinoma; Small Intestine Leiomyosarcoma; Small Intestine Lymphoma; Stage IV Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity; Stage IV Anal Cancer; Stage IV Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Lip; Stage IV Colon Cancer; Stage IV Esophageal Cancer; Stage IV Esthesioneuroblastoma of the Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity; Stage IV Gastric Cancer
Remission of Unresectable Lung Metastases from Rectal Cancer After Herbal Medicine Treatment: A Case Report.
Kim, Kyungsuk; Lee, Sanghun
Lung metastasis is frequent in rectal cancer patients and has a poor prognosis, with an expected three-year survival rate of about 10%. Though western medicine has made great strides in the curative resection of liver metastases, resection of lung metastases has lagged far behind. Many preclinical studies have suggested that herbal treatments block metastasis, but few clinical studies have addressed this topic. We present the case of a 57-year-old Asian male with lung metastases from rectal cancer. He first underwent resection of the primary lesion (stage IIA, T3N0M0) and six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Unfortunately, lung metastases were confirmed about one year later. Palliative chemotherapy was begun, but his disease continued to progress after three cycles and chemotherapy was halted. The patient was exclusively treated with herbal medicine-standardized allergen-removed Rhus verniciflua stokes extract combined with Dokhwaljihwang-tang (Sasang constitutional medicine in Korea). After seven weeks of herbal medicine treatment, the lung metastases were markedly improved. Regression of lung metastases has continued; also, the patient's rectal cancer has not returned. He has been receiving herbal medicine for over two years and very few side effects have been observed. We suggest that the herbal regimen used in our patient is a promising candidate for the treatment of lung metastases secondary to rectal cancer, and we hope that this case stimulates further investigation into the efficacy of herbal treatments for metastatic colorectal cancer patients. PMID:27198037
Salinomycin sensitizes antimitotic drugs-treated cancer cells by increasing apoptosis via the prevention of G2 arrest
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kim, Ju-Hwa; Yoo, Hye-In; Kang, Han Sung; Ro, Jungsil [Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Ilsan-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do (Korea, Republic of); Yoon, Sungpil, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Ilsan-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do (Korea, Republic of)
Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Sal sensitizes antimitotic drugs-treated cancer cells. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Sal sensitizes them by prevention of G2 arrest and reduced cyclin D1 levels. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Sal also sensitizes them by increasing DNA damage and reducing p21 level. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer A low concentration of Sal effectively sensitized the cancer cells to antimitotic drugs. -- Abstract: Here, we investigated whether Sal could sensitize cancer cells to antimitotic drugs. We demonstrated that Sal sensitized paclitaxcel (PAC)-, docetaxcel (DOC)-, vinblastin (VIN)-, or colchicine (COL)-treated cancer cell lines, suggesting that Sal has the ability to sensitize the cells to any form of microtubule-targeting drugs. Sensitization to the antimitotic drugs could be achieved with very low concentrations of Sal, suggesting that there is a possibility to minimize Sal toxicity associated with human cancer patient treatments. Sensitization by Sal increased apoptosis, which was observed by C-PARP production. Sal sensitized the cancer cells to antimitotic drugs by preventing G2 arrest, suggesting that Sal contributes to the induction of mitotic catastrophe. Sal generally reduced cyclin D1 levels in PAC-, DOC-, and VIN-treated cells. In addition, Sal treatment increased pH2AX levels and reduced p21 levels in antimitotic drugs-treated cells. These observations suggest that the mechanisms underlying Sal sensitization to DNA-damaging compounds, radiation, and microtubule-targeting drugs are similar. Our data demonstrated that Sal sensitizes cancer cells to antimitotic drugs by increasing apoptosis through the prevention of G2 arrest via conserved Sal-sensitization mechanisms. These results may contribute to the development of Sal-based chemotherapy for cancer patients treated with antimitotic drugs.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radical Surgery in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer During Pregnancy: Case Report and Review of Literature
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Zohreh Yousefi
Full Text Available For pregnant patients with cervical cancer, treatment recommendations are individualized and dependent on the stage of the disease, gestational age at the time of diagnosis, and the patient's desire as to the cosntinuation of the pregnancy. The aim of this study is to describe the outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with radical surgery and pelvic lymphadenectomy in a woman with cervical cancer who wished to maintain her pregnancy. This is a report of a 26-week pregnant woman with locally advanced cervical cancer stage Ib2 (FIGO who was successfully treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy Paclitaxel plus platinum, followed by C/S and radical surgery. Her neonate was healthy and had no abnormalities. This case was the first cervical cancer during pregnancy that was treated using this method at the tumor clinic, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an effort to allow time for the fetal to reach viability by preventing the progression of the disease.
Fractal dimension and lacunarity analysis of mammographic patterns in assessing breast cancer risk related to HRT treated population: a longitudinal and cross-sectional study
Karemore, Gopal; Nielsen, Mads
Structural texture measures are used to address the aspect of breast cancer risk assessment in screening mammograms. The current study investigates whether texture properties characterized by local Fractal Dimension (FD) and Lacunarity contribute to asses breast cancer risk. FD represents the complexity while the Lacunarity characterize the gappiness of a fractal. Our cross-sectional case-control study includes mammograms of 50 patients diagnosed with breast cancer in the subsequent 2-4 years and 50 matched controls. The longitudinal double blind placebo controlled HRT study includes 39 placebo and 36 HRT treated volunteers for two years. ROIs with same dimension (250*150 pixels) were created behind the nipple region on these radiographs. Box counting method was used to calculate the fractal dimension (FD) and the Lacunarity. Paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were calculated. It was found that there were no differences between cancer and control group for FD (P=0.8) and Lacunarity (P=0.8) in crosssectional study whereas earlier published heterogeneity examination of radiographs (BC-HER) breast cancer risk score separated groups (p=0.002). In the longitudinal study, FD decreased significantly (Pbreast cancer risk, nor show good sensitivity to HRT.
Intersphincteric Resection for Low Rectal Cancer – Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Russu Cristian
Full Text Available Introduction: Surgical treatment for low rectal cancer represents a challenge: to perform a radical resection and to preserve the sphincter's function. We report a case of intersphincteric resection in a combined multimodality treatment for low rectal cancer, with good oncologic and functional outcome. Case presentation: We report a case of a 73 years old woman admitted in April 2014 in surgery, for low rectal cancer. The diagnostic was established by colonoscopy and malignancy confirmed by biopsy. Complete imaging was done using computed tomography and magnetic resonance to establish the exact stage of the disease. The interdisciplinary individualized treatment began with radiotherapy (total dose of 50 Gy, administered in 25 fractions followed by surgery after eight weeks. We performed intersphincteric rectal resection by a modified Schiessel technique. There were no postoperative complications and the oncologic and functional results were very good at one year follow up. Conclusions: Intersphincteric resection, in this selected case of low rectal cancer, represented an efficient surgical treatment, with good functional results and quality of life for the patient. A multidisciplinary team is an invaluable means of assessing and further managing the appropriate, tailored to the case, treatment in the aim of achieving best results.
A Unique Case of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Radiofrequency Ablation with More than 12 Years Overall Survival: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Loukas Thanos
Full Text Available The case of a 72-year-old male patient with HCC is presented in whom percutaneous RFA was used as the sole first-line anticancer treatment, since he denied having partial hepatectomy. The patient underwent RFA two more times, at 1.5 years for treating a local tumor progression at the initial ablation site and at 11 years after the first session for treating a new remote intrahepatic recurrence. He revealed a long-term survival of more than 12 years so far and still remains in excellent clinical status.
Predictors of continuous tobacco smoking in a clinical cohort study of Danish laryngeal cancer patients smoking before treated with radiotherapy
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Møller, Pia Krause; Tolstrup, Janne S; Olsen, Maja H;
BACKGROUND: Many cancer patients who are smokers when starting cancer therapy continue smoking despite evidence of tobacco smoking as a risk factor for poor treatment response and secondary primary cancers. Small samples and inconsistent results in previous studies warrant further research...... to identify predictors of being a continuous smoker during and after radiotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the clinical database of the Danish Head and Neck Cancer Group (DAHANCA), we identified 1455 patients diagnosed with laryngeal cancer between 2000 and 2010, who were all smokers at date of diagnosis...... and treated with primary radiotherapy. Information on the socio-economic characteristics of the study cohort was obtained from Statistics Denmark the year prior to diagnosis. Logistic regression analyses were applied. RESULTS: In the cohort of laryngeal cancer patients smoking before starting radiotherapy, 50...
Long-Time Survival of a Patient with Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Željko Soldić
Full Text Available Pancreatic cancer is a malignant neoplasm of the pancreas. It does not cause any symptoms in the early stage, and later symptoms are nonspecific, thus the disease is usually diagnosed when already advanced. In 2008, pancreatic cancer ranked eighth on the list of the 10 most common cancers among men in Croatia and tenth on the list of the most common cancers among Croatian women. Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis, with a survival time of only 6–8 months for metastatic disease. Gemcitabine is the standard chemotherapeutic option. Other chemotherapeutic agents include5-fluorouracil and leucovorin. In this paper, we present a case of a patient diagnosed with locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer, who is still alive and currently receives his fourth line of chemotherapy 5 years after the diagnosis. Following disease progression on gemcitabine chemotherapy, he was treated with chemoradiotherapy which, however, had no effect. We then applied cisplatin monochemotherapy which offered excellent disease control, was well tolerated by the patient and, although somewhat obsolete in this form, showed to be a valuable chemotherapeutic option.
Clinical Observation of Tuina Therapy in Treating 47 Cases of Vertigo
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
In order to observe the clinical effect of Tuina therapy for vertigo, 47 cases of the patients with vertigo were treated by massaging Triple Energizer Meridian and Gallbladder Meridian on the head, and the results showed cure in 36 cases, improvement in 11 cases and the total effective rate was 100%.%为观察推拿治疗眩晕的临床疗效,以推拿头部三焦经及胆经为主,治疗眩晕患者47例,结果痊愈36例,好转11例,总有效率100%.
Case of ileal perforation during low dose irradiation for pelvic recurrence of rectal cancer
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hosokawa, Tetsuya; Kobatake, Toshio; Isomoto, Hiroharu; Shirouzu, Kazuo; Kakegawa, Teruo
A 42-year-old man was evaluated for perineal pain. Computed tomography of the pelvis revealed recurrence of rectal cancer, which was impossible to treat sugically. Though irradiation therapy was started. As it had to be discontinued because of the appearance of inflammation in the perineal region and lower abdominal pain after 800 rad. Small intestinal gastrography revealed a perforation of the ileum, and intestinal resection was performed. Pathological studies showed cancer invasion, bleeding and edema due to acute radiation damage. The radiosensitive nature of the small intestine in this case led to a fatal outcome. Effective therapeutic and examination methods have not yes been established for cases such as this one. It is concluded that lowdose radiation may induce severe intestinal complications. (author).
A case of ileal perforation during low dose irradiation for pelvic recurrence of rectal cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
A 42-year-old man was evaluated for perineal pain. Computed tomography of the pelvis revealed recurrence of rectal cancer, which was impossible to treat sugically. Though irradiation therapy was started. As it had to be discontinued because of the appearance of inflammation in the perineal region and lower abdominal pain after 800 rad. Small intestinal gastrography revealed a perforation of the ileum, and intestinal resection was performed. Pathological studies showed cancer invasion, bleeding and edema due to acute radiation damage. The radiosensitive nature of the small intestine in this case led to a fatal outcome. Effective therapeutic and examination methods have not yes been established for cases such as this one. It is concluded that lowdose radiation may induce severe intestinal complications. (author)
Forty-two Cases of Greater Occipital Neuralgia Treated by Acupuncture plus Acupoint-Injection
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Pan Changqing; Tan Guangbo
Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture plus acupoint-injection on greater occipital neuralgia.Methods:The 84 cases of greater occipital neuralgia were randomly divided into two groups,with 42 cases in the treatment group treated bv acupuncture plus acupoint-injection.and 42 cases in the control group treated with oral administration of carbamazepine.Results:The total effective rate was 92.8% in the treatment group and 71.4% in the control group.The difrerence in the tohal effective rate was significant (P<0.05)between the two groups.Conclusions:Acupuncture plus acupoint-injection is eriective for greater occipital neuralgia,better than the routine western medication.
[MRI evaluation of placenta accreta treated by embolization. Apropos of a case. Review of the literature].
Lemercier, E; Genevois, A; Descargue, G; Clavier, E; Benozio, M
Placenta accreta results from an abnormal attachment of the placenta to the uterine myometrium. The reported incidence in literature is variable, with an average of 1/7000 pregnancies. This condition is associated with a significant risk of bleeding at the time of delivery, usually requiring hysterectomy. Sonography associated with color Doppler is useful for diagnosis, but MRI can be used successfully to evaluate the degree of placental tissue invading into the myometrium, the serosa, and for follow-up after conservative management. To our knowledge, only two cases of placenta accreta evaluated with MR and six cases of placenta accreta treated by embolization have been reported in the literature. The authors report one case of placenta accreta treated successfully by embolization, and followed-up by MRI. PMID:10337578
REPRODUCTIVE FACTORS AND COLORECTAL CANCER RISK. Case - control study.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Adriana Ruseva
Full Text Available Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The role of the female sex hormones in the etiology of the disease is very intriguing. Reproductive factors are surrogate measure of lifetime exposition to the sex hormones. Purpose: Our aim is to investigate the association between the reproductive factors and colorectal carcinoma risk. Materials and methods: We include 234 Bulgarian women in our study – 117 cases with colorectal cancer and the same number of healthy controls. Cases are divided into three groups according to the localization of the tumor. We conduct case-control study, using questionnaires about reproductive factors. We use the following statistical methods – descriptive, variational analysis, binary logistic regression. Results: We observed that only the age at menopause is associated with colorectal cancer risk, and this factor has strongest protective effect in the proximal colon (95% CI - 0,051-0,781, OR – 0,200, p – 0,021. Conclusion: Analyzing our data we observed that among Bulgarian women the only reproductive factor that show association with the risk of colorectal cancer is the age at menopause.
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
WU Di; LI Chang-yuan; FAN Zhi-min; ZHANG Shifu
Objective: To study the biological characteristics, the therapeutic procedure and the prognosis of male breast cancer.Methods: 34 patients with male breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed, who were diagnosed and treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University between 1980 and March 2005. Results: Clinical TNM stage of the patients were stage Ⅰ, 6patients, stage Ⅱ, 24 patients and stage Ⅲ, 4 patients. Positive lymph nodes were found in 35.3% of the patients. All these patients received modified radical mastectomy. The 5-year survival rate was 65.3%. Postoperation recurrence rate was 11.8%.Conclusions: Patients with male breast cancer should receive surgical treatment, assisted with adjuvant treatment, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and so on. TNM stage and expression of hormone receptor may be the main factors affecting the prognosis.
Breast Metastasis from Esophagogastric Junction Cancer: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Sanghamitra Jena
Full Text Available Metastasis to breast from nonmammary malignancy is only about 1.3–2.7%. A few cases of squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus and adenocarcinoma of stomach metastasizing to breast have been reported, but this is probably the first report of breast metastasis from esophagogastric junction (EGJ cancer in the English literature. Herein we report a case of a 32-year-old patient diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of gastroesophageal junction, presenting with left breast metastasis two years after treatment. Given unusual site of metastasis in a follow-up case of EGJ cancer, not only it is challenging to differentiate it from primary carcinoma of breast but also it is important from treatment point of view. In our case, clinical data, radiology, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry (IHC led us to reach the diagnosis.
Cardiac metastasis from colorectal cancer: A case report
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Pyong Wha Choi; Chul Nam Kim; Sun Hee Chang; Woo Ik Chang; Chang Young Kim; Hyun Min Choi
The heart is an unusual site of metastasis from any malignancy. We report a case of cardiac metastasis from colorectal cancer. A 70-year-old woman was referred with a presumptive diagnosis of sigmoid colon cancer with cardiac myxoma. Two-dimensional echocardiography showed a 4 cm × 4.5 cm mobile mass on the lateral right atrial wall, and computed tomography revealed a low attenuated lobulating mass in the right atrium. The patient underwent anterior resection for sigmoid colon cancer (T4N2). Thereafter, she experienced progressive shortness of breath. Therefore, a cardiac operation was performed 2 wk after the colorectal operation.Histological examination revealed adenocarcinoma,which was identical to the primary lesion. Although twodimensional echocardiography has become the diagnostic test of choice for detecting cardiac tumors, in patients with colorectal cancer showing a cardiac mass, further diagnostic evaluation such as a magnetic resonance imaging might be necessary.
[Measures of parental stress in cases of pediatric cancer].
Labrell, Florence; Chevignard, Mathilde; Câmara Costa, Hugo
This paper aims firstly to introduce a definition of parental stress (PS) and to detail the criteria of PS in case of pediatric cancers. Several reports have shown that pediatric cancers lead to posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) for all parents and induce stress trajectories throughout diagnosis, treatment and recovery or relapse. Secondly, several predictors of SP are presented, such as parent's perceptions of children's medical treatment, psychological characteristics (e.g. anxiety) and sociodemographic factors. Lastly, several measures of PS are reviewed, which underline the existence of specific tools aimed at evaluating PS in pediatric cancers; however, the availability of a French version of these tools remains scarce. This review advocates systematic measures of PS in order to provide better care for children with cancer through the improvement of their family's feelings about the injury. PMID:27291717
Cancer preceding Wegener's granulomatosis: a case-control study
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Faurschou, Mikkel; Mellemkjaer, Lene; Sørensen, Inge Juul;
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether patients with WG have an increased risk of malignancies prior to and/or around the time of the vasculitis diagnosis, as suggested by previous studies. METHODS: A total of 293 WG patients were included in the study. Ten gender- and age-matched controls were selected...... randomly for each patient from the Danish Central Population Register. Information on malignancies was obtained through the Danish Cancer Registry. Occurrence of malignancies before WG diagnosis among patients and before WG diagnosis of their matched case among controls (reference date) was compared...... by calculation of prevalence odds ratios (OR). RESULTS: Twenty-six patients were diagnosed with cancer before WG, while 194 controls were diagnosed with cancer before the reference date (OR 1.4; 95% CI 0.9, 2.2). Among specific malignancies, a significantly increased prevalence was found for testis cancer (OR 6...
[A case of recurrent breast cancer that responded to bevacizumab].
Hagino, Shigeta; Iwata, Keiko; Nakura, Makoto; Yoshizumi, Tetsuya; Tsuneda, Atsushi; Kiriyama, Masato
We report a case of a 59-year-old woman who was forced to undergo mastectomy of the right breast (Rt Bt) plus axillary lymph node (Ax) dissection for right breast cancer at another hospital. The pathological diagnosis was invasive ductal carcinoma( scirrhou[s sci], pT2N2M0, Stage IIIA, estrogen recepto[r ER[]+], progesterone recepto[r PgR[]+], human epidermal growth factor receptor-2[HER2][2+]). Although no recurrence was observed after postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and endocrine therapy, skin metastasis on the left back and pleuritis carcinomatosa were detected at our hospital 9 years and 6 months after the operation. Thereafter, bone metastasis, contralateral lymph node metastasis, and frequent occurrence of hepatic metastasis were sequentially detected. The patient was treated with chemotherapy (a total of 4 regimens) and endocrine therapy in addition to radiation therapy for lymph node metastasis over a period of approximately 2 years and 3 months; however, disease control was poor. Therefore, combined chemotherapy with paclitaxel and bevacizumab was initiated from February 2012. Soon after the initiation of combination therapy, the serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level gradually reduced and computed tomography (CT) revealed that the multiple-organ metastases had remarkably reduced in size. The response was classified as a clinical partial response (cPR). Although adverse events such as peripheral neuropathy, nose bleeding, and high blood pressure were observed, these were all of lesser that Grade 2 severity. The efficacy of chemotherapy was noted for 11 months. PMID:24394122
Early-stage bilateral breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery and definitive irradiation: the university of Pennsylvania experience
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Purpose: To determine whether patients with early-stage bilateral breast cancer can be treated with definitive irradiation following breast-conserving surgery with acceptable survival, local control, complications, and cosmesis. Methods and Materials: During the period 1977-1992, 55 women with Stage 0, I, or II concurrent (n = 12) or sequential (n = 43) bilateral breast cancer were treated with definitive irradiation following breast-conserving surgery. The records of these 55 patients with 110 treated breasts were reviewed for tumor size, histology, pathologic axillary lymph node status, first and overall site(s) of failure, and adjuvant chemotherapy or hormonal therapy. Curves for survival, local control, and regional control were determined. Cosmetic outcome, complication rates, and matching technique were analyzed. The median total radiation dose delivered was 64 Gy (range 42-72) using tangential whole-breast irradiation followed by an electron or iridium implant boost. The tangential fields were matched with no overlap in 40 patients (73%); there was overlap on skin of up to 4 cm in 14 patients (25%); and the matching technique was unknown in 1 patient (2%). The median follow-up for the 12 women with concurrent bilateral breast cancer was 4.0 years. The median follow-up for the other 43 women with sequential cancer was 9.3 and 4.9 years, respectively, after the first and second cancers. Results: For the overall group of 55 patients, the 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 96% and 94%, respectively, after treatment of the first cancer, and 96% and 92%, respectively, after treatment of the second cancer. The 5- and 10-year actuarial relapse-free survival rates were 90% and 75%, respectively, after treatment of the first cancer, and 83% and 72%, respectively, after treatment of the second cancer. For the 110 treated breast cancers, the 5- and 10-year actuarial local failure rates were 5% and 15%, respectively. Complication rates were: 28% breast edema, 8
[Survival after gastrectomy for cancer. 209 cases].
Le Treut, Y P; Capobianco, C; Botti, G; Christophe, M; Lebreuil, G; Bricot, R
The long-term results of 209 gastrectomies performed for adenocarcinoma, including 117 which were prospectively collected, are presented. Resection was curative in 154 cases (73.6 percent). The TNM distribution of the tumours was: stage I (TxNOMO) 75 cases, stage II (TxN1MO) 46 cases, stage III (TxN2MO) 33 cases and stage IV (TxNxM1) 55 cases. Lymph node involvement was more frequent in the prospective than in the retrospective study. With a more than 5 years' follow-up of 80 percent of the patients operated upon, the actuarial survival rate at 5 years (operative mortality included) was 38 percent for all lesions, 52 percent for curative resection and 2 percent for palliative resection. Following curative resection, the survival rates for tumours of the upper, middle and lower thirds of the stomach were 40, 60 and 55 percent respectively. These rates were 60 percent for stage I tumours, 54 percent for stage II tumours and 25 percent for stage III tumours. The results obtained in this series, where most of the curative gastrectomies included excision of N1 and N2 lymph nodes, show that lymph node involvement has no significant importance for the prognosis when it is proximal (N1) and is not incompatible with prolonged survival when it is pedicular (N2). PMID:1465364
Mortality in asymptomatic vs. symptomatic patients surgically treated for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Madsen, Kirsten Riis; Bødtger, Uffe
Introduction: Compared to incidentally found lung cancer, the presence of symptoms (eg. cough, haemoptysis, pain, weight loss) at diagnosis is associated with a 50% reduction in median survival. In surgically treated patients, it is unknown whether presence of symptoms has prognostic significance....... Aim: We wanted to ascertain if symptoms at time of NSCLC diagnosis lowered 12-months mortality after surgery. Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients with localised NSCLC referred from our department between 2009-2011 for intended curative surgery Data on age, sex, tobacco pack years, Charlson......, tobacco pack years, or FEV1. Former malignancy was significantly more prevalent among asymptomatic than symptomatic subjects (33 % vs. 11%), with insignificant differences in prevalence of other co-morbidities or in post-surgical TNM (82% vs 85% in stages IA-IIB). 12-months mortality was insignificantly...
Quality of life of men treated with brachytherapies for prostate cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Owen Steven V
Full Text Available Abstract Background Most studies of men undergoing treatment for prostate cancer examine physical symptoms as predictors of Quality of Life (QOL. However, symptoms vary by treatment modality in this population, and psychosocial variables, shown to be important to QOL, have rarely been examined. Litwin noted a need for analysis of QOL data in men treated for prostate cancer with different modes of therapy, as studies focusing on specific treatments will increase the homogeneity of research findings. Methods This cross-sectional study explored physical and psychosocial predictors of QOL in men receiving one of two types of radiation treatment for prostate cancer: Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT + High Dose Rate (HDR Brachytherapy or IMRT + seed implantation. Subjects completed a biographic questionnaire; quality of life measures, which were the eight subscales of the Medical Outcome Study Short Form Health Survey (SF-36; measures of physical symptoms including the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (RTOG/EORTC and the Prostate Symptom Self-Report (PSSR; and measures of psychological factors, the Ways of Coping Scale (WOC, Perceived Stress Scale, the Anxiety Subscale of the SCL-90, and Strategies Used by Patients to Promote Health (SUPPH. Eight regression models including both physical and psychosocial variables were used to predict quality of life. Results Sixty-three subjects with complete data on all variables were studied. Treatment effect sizes were medium to large in predicting each of the quality of life subscales of the SF-36. Psychosocial variables were related to physical function, role function, bodily pain, general health, social function, emotional role, and mental health. Physical symptoms were related to subjects' perceived general health and mental health. Discussion The number of significant relationships among psychosocial variables and indicators of QOL
Analysis of Japanese Patients Treated with or without Long-Term Epirubicin Plus Ara-C Intravesical Instillation Therapy for Low-Grade Superficial Bladder Cancer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Tomonori Kato
Full Text Available The high incidence of tumor recurrence following transurethral resection (TUR represents a major problem encountered in the management of bladder cancer. This study examined the efficacy of intravesical chemotherapy in superficial bladder cancer. We retrospectively analyzed 90 Japanese cases with low-grade superficial transitional cell carcinoma (stage T1, grades 1 and 2 who were rendered tumor-free by TURBT (TUR of bladder tumor and who thereafter were treated with or without intravesical chemotherapy. Among them, instillation was terminated in 2 patients due to adverse effects (severe but reversible chemical cystitis. Remaining 88 patients were divided into 2 groups according to therapy: the TURBT-only group (n=46, defined as patients treated with TURBT alone, and the Instillation group (n=42, defined as patients treated with weekly intravesical instillation therapies using epirubicin plus Ara-C. Recurrence-free rate was significantly higher in the Instillation group than in the TURBT-only group (p=0.02, HR = 0.457. The 5-year recurrence-free rate was 58.5% for the Instillation group and 38.6% for the TURBT-only group. Our instillation schedule represents the most intensive regimen among previously reported therapies and resulted in a 54.3% decrease in incidence of tumor recurrence. We believe that the results of this study could provide useful information on management of bladder cancer.
[Use of hypnosis in treating a patient with dental anxiety: A case study].
Meyerson, J; Ratson, T
Dental anxiety is quite common and may lead to dental neglect due to lack of regular visits to the dental clinic. The difficulties in managing anxious patients are characterized by prolonged visits, a tendency to cancel appointments and a tense atmo- sphere during treatment. The use of hypnosis while treating an anxious patient can help create a posi- tive environment and shorten the duration of dental appointments as well. The article describes a case in which hypnosis was used while treating a patient who had suffered from dental anxiety for over 20 years.
Is neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy beneficial in prostate cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy?
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Eom, Keun Yong; Ha, Sung W.; Lee, Eun Sik; Kwak, Cheol [Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Sang Eun [Dept.of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongam (Korea, Republic of)
To determine whether neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (NADT) improves clinical outcomes in patients with prostate cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 201 patients with prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy between January 1991 and December 2008. Of these, 156 patients with more than 3 years of follow-up were the subjects of this study. The median duration of follow-up was 91.2 months. NADT was given in 103 patients (66%) with median duration of 3.3 months (range, 1.0 to 7.7 months). Radiation dose was escalated gradually from 64 Gy to 81 Gy using intensity-modulated radiotherapy technique. Biochemical relapse-free survival (BCRFS) and overall survival (OS) of all patients were 72.6% and 90.7% at 5 years, respectively. BCRFS and OS of NADT group were 79.5% and 89.8% at 5 years and those of radiotherapy alone group were 58.8% and 92.3% at 5 years, respectively. Risk group (p = 0.010) and radiation dose > or =70 Gy (p = 0.017) affected BCRFS independently. NADT was a significant prognostic factor in univariate analysis, but not in multivariate analysis (p = 0.073). Radiation dose > or =70 Gy was only an independent factor for OS (p = 0.007; hazard ratio, 0.261; 95% confidence interval, 0.071-0.963). NADT prior to definitive radiotherapy did not result in significant benefit in terms of BCRFS and OS. NADT should not be performed routinely in the era of dose-escalated radiotherapy.
Decreasing relapse in colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab by using the activating KRAS detection chip.
Huang, Ming-Yii; Liu, Hsueh-Chiao; Yen, Li-Chen; Chang, Jia-Yuan; Huang, Jian-Jhang; Wang, Jaw-Yuan; Lin, Shiu-Ru
The KRAS oncogene was among the first genetic alterations in colorectal cancer (CRC) to be discovered. Moreover, KRAS somatic mutations might be used for predicting the efficiency of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapeutic drugs. Because the KRAS mutations are similar in the primary CRC and/or the CRC metastasis, KRAS mutation testing can be performed on both specimen types. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical advantage of using a KRAS pathway-associated molecule analysis chip to analyze CRC patients treated with cetuximab. Our laboratory developed a KRAS pathway-associated molecule analysis chip and a weighted enzymatic chip array (WEnCA) technique, activating KRAS detection chip, which can detect KRAS mutation status by screening circulating cancer cells in the bloodstream. We prospectively enrolled 210 stage II-III CRC patients who received adjuvant oxaliplatin plus infusional 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (FOLFOX)-4 chemotherapy with or without cetuximab. We compared the chip results of preoperative blood specimens with disease control status in these patients. Among the 168 CRC patients with negative chip results, 119 were treated with FOLFOX-4 plus cetuximab chemotherapy, and their relapse rate was 35.3 % (42/119). In contrast, the relapse rate was 71.4 % among the patients with negative chip results who received FOLFOX-4 treatment alone (35/49). Negative chip results were significantly correlated with better treatment outcomes in the FOLFOX-4 plus cetuximab group (P chip is a potential tool for predicting clinical outcomes in CRC patients following FOLFOX-4 treatment with or without cetuximab therapy.
Cancer of unknown primitive metastatic. About two clinical cases
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
This work is about the two clinical cases about the unknown primitive metastatic cancer. The main techniques used for the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of different s carcinomas are: Electronic microscope, molecular biology and genetics, especially histopathological study, topographic survey, ultrasound, radiography, chemotherapy, radiotherapy
Concurrent pneumopericardium and pneumothorax complicating lung cancer: a case report
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
The coexistence of pneumothorax and pneumopericardium in patients with primary lung cancer is a very rare phenomenon. We report one such case, in which squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was complicated by pneumopericardium and pneumothorax. Several explanations of the mechanisms involved will be discussed
Recurrent advanced colonic cancer occurring 11 years after initial endoscopic piecemeal resection: a case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Kishino Takayoshi
Full Text Available Abstract Background The high frequency of local recurrence occurring after endoscopic piecemeal resection (EPMR for large colorectal tumors is a serious problem. However, almost all of these cases of local recurrence can be detected within 1 year and cured by additional endoscopic resection. We report a rare case of recurrent advanced colonic cancer diagnosed 11 years after initial EPMR treatment. Case presentation A 65-year-old male was diagnosed with a sigmoid colon lesion following a routine health check-up. Total colonoscopy revealed a 12 mm type 0-Is lesion in the sigmoid colon, which was diagnosed as an adenoma or intramucosal cancer and treated by EPMR in 1996. The post-resection defect was closed completely using metallic endoclips to avoid delayed bleeding. In 2007, at the third follow up, colonoscopy revealed a 20 mm submucosal tumor (SMT like recurrence at the site of the previous EPMR. The recurrent lesion was treated by laparoscopic assisted sigmoidectomy with lymph node dissection. Conclusion When it is difficult to evaluate the depth and margins of resected tumors following EPMR, it is important that the defect is not closed in order to avoid tumor implantation, missing residual lesions and to enable earlier detection of recurrence. It is crucial that the optimal follow-up protocol for EPMR cases is clarified, particularly how often and for how long they should be followed.
Bolus electron conformal therapy for the treatment of recurrent inflammatory breast cancer: a case report
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kim, Michelle M., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (United States); Kudchadker, Rajat J.; Kanke, James E.; Zhang, Sean; Perkins, George H. [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (United States)
The treatment of locoregionally recurrent breast cancer in patients who have previously undergone radiation therapy is challenging. Special techniques are often required that both eradicate the disease and minimize the risks of retreatment. We report the case of a patient with an early-stage left breast cancer who developed inflammatory-type recurrence requiring re-irradiation of the chest wall using bolus electron conformal therapy with image-guided treatment delivery. The patient was a 51-year-old woman who had undergone lumpectomy, axillary lymph node dissection, and adjuvant whole-breast radiation therapy for a stage I left breast cancer in June 1998. In March 2009, she presented at our institution with biopsy-proven recurrent inflammatory carcinoma and was aggressively treated with multi-agent chemotherapy followed by mastectomy that left a positive surgical margin. Given the patient's prior irradiation and irregular chest wall anatomy, bolus electron conformal therapy was used to treat her chest wall and draining lymphatics while sparing the underlying soft tissue. The patient still had no evidence of disease 21 months after treatment. Our results indicate that bolus electron conformal therapy is an accessible, effective radiation treatment approach for recurrent breast cancer in patients with irregular chest wall anatomy as a result of surgery. This approach may complement standard techniques used to reduce locoregional recurrence in the postmastectomy setting.
Xeroderma pigmentosum group D 751 polymorphism as a predictive factor in resected gastric cancer treated withchemo-radiotherapy
Zarate, R; F. Arias; Bandres, E; Cubedo, E.; Malumbres, R.; Garcia-Foncillas, J
AIM: To evaluate the potential association of xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) codon 751 variant with outcome after chemo-radiotherapy in patients with resected gastric cancer. METHODS: We used PCR-RFLP to evaluate the genetic XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms in 44 patients with stage III (48%) and IV (20%) gastric cancer treated with surgery following radiation therapy plus 5-fluorouracil/ leucovorin based chemotherapy. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed that 75% (...
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy, not 3D conformal, is the preferred technique for treating locally advanced lung cancer
Chang, Joe Y.
When used to treat lung cancer, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) can deliver higher dose to the targets and spare more critical organs in lung cancer than can 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT). However, tumor-motion management and optimized radiotherapy planning based on four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) scanning are crucial to maximize the benefit of IMRT and to eliminate or minimize potential uncertainties. This article summarizes these strategies and reviews published fin...
2q36.3 is associated with prognosis for oestrogen receptor-negative breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy
Li, Jingmei; Lindström, Linda; Foo, Jia; Rafiq, Meena; Schmidt, Marjanka; Pharoah, Paul; Michailidou, Kyriaki; Dennis, Joe; Bolla, Manjeet; Wang, Qing; Veer, Laura; Cornelissen, Sten; Rutgers, Emiel; Southey, Melissa; Apicella, Carmel
textabstractLarge population-based registry studies have shown that breast cancer prognosis is inherited. Here we analyse single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes implicated in human immunology and inflammation as candidates for prognostic markers of breast cancer survival involving 1,804 oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative patients treated with chemotherapy (279 events) from 14 European studies in a prior large-scale genotyping experiment, which is part of the Collaborative Oncological G...
Dose-volume analysis for respiratory toxicity in intrathoracic esophageal cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy using extended fields
Tanabe, Satoshi; Myojin, Miyako; Shimizu, Shinichi; Fujino, Masaharu; Takahashi, Hiroaki; Shirato, Hiroki; Ito, Yoichi M.; Ishikawa, Masayori; Hosokawa, Masao
Purpose: We evaluated the relationship between dosimetric parameters (DPs) and the incidence of radiation pneumonitis (RP) and investigated the feasibility of a proposed treatment planning technique with the potential of reducing RP in esophageal cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy using extended fields. Patients and Methods: A total of 149 patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer were prospectively enrolled for extended-field radiotherapy (EFRT) to three-field r...
Evaluation of Diabetic Patients with Breast Cancer Treated with Metformin during Adjuvant Radiotherapy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Adam Ferro
Full Text Available Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate acute locoregional toxicity in patients with breast cancer receiving concurrent metformin plus radiation therapy. Methods and Materials. Diabetic breast cancer patients receiving concurrent metformin and radiation therapy were matched with nondiabetic patients and diabetic patients using an alternative diabetes medication. Primary endpoints included the presence of a treatment break and development of dry or moist desquamation. Results. There was a statistically significant increase in treatment breaks for diabetic patients receiving concurrent metformin when compared to the nondiabetic patients (P value = 0.02 and a trend toward significance when compared to diabetic patients receiving an alternate diabetes medication (P value = 0.08. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated concurrent metformin use as being associated with a trend toward the predictive value of determining the incidence of developing desquamation in diabetic patients receiving radiation therapy compared to diabetic patients receiving an alternate diabetes medication (P value = 0.06. Conclusions. Diabetic patients treated with concurrent metformin and radiation therapy developed increased acute locoregional toxicity in comparison with diabetic patients receiving an alternate diabetes medication and nondiabetic patients. Further clinical investigation should be conducted to determine the therapeutic ratio of metformin in combination with radiation therapy.
KRAS and BRAF mutations in patients with rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Background and purpose: KRAS and BRAF are mutated in 35% and 10% of colorectal cancers, respectively. However, data specifically for locally advanced rectal cancers are scarce, and the frequency of KRAS mutations in codons 61 and 146 remains to be established. Materials and methods: DNA was isolated from pre-therapeutic biopsies of 94 patients who were treated within two phase-III clinical trials receiving preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Mutation status of KRAS exons 1-3 and BRAF exon 15 was established using the ABI PRISM Big Dye Sequencing Kit and subsequently correlated with clinical parameters. Results: Overall, KRAS was mutated in 45 patients (48%). Twenty-nine mutations (64%) were located in codon 12, 10 mutations (22%) in codon 13, and 3 mutations (7%) in codons 61 and 146. No V600E BRAF mutation was detected. The presence of KRAS mutations was correlated neither with tumor response or lymph node status after preoperative chemoradiotherapy nor with overall survival or disease-free survival. When KRAS exon 1 mutations were separated based on the amino-acid exchange, we again failed to detect significant correlations (p = 0.052). However, G12V mutations appeared to be associated with higher rates of tumor regression than G13D mutations (p = 0.012). Conclusion: We are the first to report the mutation status of KRAS and BRAF in pre-therapeutic biopsies from locally advanced rectal cancers. The high number of KRAS mutations in codons 61 and 146 emphasizes the importance to expand current mutation analyses, whereas BRAF mutations are not relevant for rectal carcinogenesis. Although the KRAS mutation status was not correlated with response, the subtle difference between G12V and G13D mutations warrants analysis of a larger patient population.
Evaluation of Three Small Molecular Drugs for Targeted Therapy to Treat Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Jun Ni; Li Zhang
Objective: To guide the optimal selection among first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in clinical practice.This review attempted to provide a thorough comparison among three first-generation EGFR-TKIs, namely icotinib,erlotinib, and gefitinib, with regard to their molecular structure, pharmacokinetic parameters, clinical data, adverse reactions, and contraindications.Data Sources: An electronic literature search of the PubMed database and Google Scholar for all the available articles regarding gefitinib,icotinib, and erlotinib in the English language from January 2005 to December 2014 was used.Study Selection: The search terms or keywords included but not limited to "lung cancer", "nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC)","epidemiology", "EGFR", "TKIs", and "optimal selection".Results: As suggested by this review, even though the three first-generation EGFR-TKIs share the quinazoline structure, erlotinib had the strongest apoptosis induction activity because of its use of a different side-chain.The pharmacokinetic parameters indicated that both erlotinib and icotinib are affected by food.The therapeutic window of erlotinib is narrow, and the recommended dosage is close to the maximum tolerable dosage.Icotinib enjoys a wider therapeutic window, and its concentration in the blood is within a safe dosage range even if it is administered with food.Based on multiple large-scale clinical trials, erlotinib is universally applied as the first-line treatment.In marked contrast, icotinib is available only in China as the second-or third-line therapeutic approach for treating advanced lung cancer.In addition, it exhibits a similar efficacy but better safety profile than gefitinib.Conclusions: Although there is a paucity of literature regarding whether icotinib is superior to erlotinib, its superior toxicity profile, noninferior efficacy, and lower cost indicate that it is a better alternative for Chinese patients living with
Standardized Method for Quantification of Developing Lymphedema in Patients Treated for Breast Cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Purpose: To develop a simple and practical formula for quantifying breast cancer-related lymphedema, accounting for both the asymmetry of upper extremities' volumes and their temporal changes. Methods and Materials: We analyzed bilateral perometer measurements of the upper extremity in a series of 677 women who prospectively underwent lymphedema screening during treatment for unilateral breast cancer at Massachusetts General Hospital between August 2005 and November 2008. Four sources of variation were analyzed: between repeated measurements on the same arm at the same session; between both arms at baseline (preoperative) visit; in follow-up measurements; and between patients. Effects of hand dominance, time since diagnosis and surgery, age, weight, and body mass index were also analyzed. Results: The statistical distribution of variation of measurements suggests that the ratio of volume ratios is most appropriate for quantification of both asymmetry and temporal changes. Therefore, we present the formula for relative volume change (RVC): RVC = (A2U1)/(U2A1) - 1, where A1, A2 are arm volumes on the side of the treated breast at two different time points, and U1, U2 are volumes on the contralateral side. Relative volume change is not significantly associated with hand dominance, age, or time since diagnosis. Baseline weight correlates (p = 0.0074) with higher RVC; however, baseline body mass index or weight changes over time do not. Conclusions: We propose the use of the RVC formula to assess the presence and course of breast cancer-related lymphedema in clinical practice and research.
Meta-Analysis of a Multi-Ethnic, Breast Cancer Case-Control Targeted Sequencing Study
Ablorh, Akweley
Breast cancer, the most commonly diagnosed cancer in American women, is a heritable disease with nearly one hundred known genetic risk factors. Using next generation sequencing, we explored the contribution of genetics at 12 GWAS-identified loci to breast cancer susceptibility in a multi-ethnic breast cancer case-control study. Methods: The study population consists of 4,611 breast cancer cases and controls (2,316 cases and 2,295 controls) from four mutually exclusive ethnicities: Africa...
Women Treated for Breast Cancer Experiences of Chemotherapy-Induced Pain
Hellerstedt-Börjesson, Susanne; Nordin, Karin; Fjällskog, Marie-Louise; Holmström, Inger K.; Arving, Cecilia
Background: Breast cancer survivors make up a growing population facing treatment that poses long-standing adverse effects including chemotherapy-related body function changes and/or pain. There is limited knowledge of patients' lived experiences of chemotherapy-induced pain (CHIP). Objective: The aim of this study was to explore CHIP and any long-standing pain experiences in the lifeworld of breast cancer survivors. Methods: Fifteen women participated in a follow-up interview a year after having experienced CHIP. They were interviewed from a lifeworld perspective; the interviews were analyzed through guided phenomenology reflection. Results: A past perspective: CHIP is often described in metaphors, leads to changes in a patient's lifeworld, and impacts lived time. The women become entirely dependent on others but at the same time feel isolated and alone. Existential pain was experienced as increased vulnerability. Present perspective: Pain engages same parts of the body, but at a lower intensity than during CHIP. The pain creates time awareness. Expected normality in relationships/daily life has not yet been achieved, and a painful existence emerges in-between health and illness. Future perspective: There are expectations of pain continuing, and there is insecurity regarding whom to turn to in such cases. A painful awareness emerges about one's own and others' fragile existence. Conclusions: Experiencing CHIP can impact the lifeworld of women with a history of breast cancer. After CHIP, there are continued experiences of pain that trigger insecurity about whether one is healthy. Implications for Practice: Cancer survivors would likely benefit from communication and information about and evaluation of CHIP. PMID:26632880
Clinical Observation on 930 Child Epilepsy Cases Treated with Anti-epilepsy Capsules
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
马融; 李少川; 李新民; 胡思源; 孙希焕; 刘玉珍; 张喜莲; 李向农; 马秀华
1090 cases of child epilepsy were divided randomly into two groups: the treatment group (930 cases treated with anti-epilepsy capsules) and the control group (160 cases treated with luminal). The results showed that in the treatment group, 534 cases were markedly effective, 241 effective, 96 improved, 46 ineffective, and 13 aggravated, with a total effective rate of 83.33%; while in the control group, 64 cases were markedly effective, 19 effective, 38 improved, 29 ineffective, and 10 aggravated, with a total effective rate of 51.88%. The treatment group showed an obviously higher total effective rate than that in the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, cases in the two groups all had lower frequency of epilepsy attacks and shorter duration of each attack as compared with that before treatment (P<0.01), but the situation was obviously better in the treatment group. The anti-epilepsy capsules had very good effect on various types of epilepsy, especially on autonomic epilepsy and on epilepsies due to wind, phlegm, or terror as differentiated in TCM. After treatment, the recovery rate shown by EEG examination was 54.3% in the treatment group, while 38.4% in the control group, the former being obviously higher than the latter (P<0.01).
Incidence rate of prostate cancer in men treated for erectile dysfunction with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors: retrospective analysis
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Anthony H Chavez; K Scott Coffield; M Hasan Rajab; Chanhee Jo
The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence rate of prostate cancer among men with erectile dysfunction (ED) treated with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) over a 7-year period vs.men with ED of the same age and with similar risk factors who were not treated with PDE-5i.In a retrospective review of electronic medical records and billing databases between the years 2000 and 2006,men with ED between the ages of 50 and 69 years and no history of prostate cancer prior to 2000 were identified.These individuals were divided into two groups:2362 men who had treatment with PDE-5i,and 2612 men who did not have treatment.Demographic data in each group were compared.During the study period,97 (4.1%) men with ED treated with PDE-5i were diagnosed with prostate cancer compared with 258 (9.9%) men with ED in the non-treated group (P<00001).A higher percentage of African Americans were treated with PDE-5i vs.those who were not (10.5% vs.7.1%; P<0.0001).The PDE-5i group had lower documented diagnosis of elevated prostate-specific antigen (10.0% vs.13.1%; P=0.0008) and higher percentage of benign prostatic hyperplasia (38.4% vs.35.1%; P=0.0149).Men with ED treated with PDE-5i tended to have less chance (adjusted odds ratio:0.4; 95% confidence intervals:0.3-0.5; P<0.0001) of having prostate cancer.Our data suggest that men with ED treated with PDE-5i tended to have less of a chance of being diagnosed with prostate cancer.Further research is warranted.
Histologic analysis of rabbit liver cancer treated by bulk ultrasound ablation
Karunakaran, Chandra Priya; Rudich, Steven M.; Alqadah, Amel; Burgess, Mark T.; Narmoneva, Daria A.; Mast, T. Douglas
VX2 rabbit liver cancer, treated in vivo using bulk ultrasound ablation by miniaturized image-ablate arrays, was histologically analyzed using TTC vital stain and DAPI nucleic acid stain. VX2 cells were implanted into rabbit liver lobes and allowed to grow for 11-21 days. Liver lobes containing solid VX2 tumors were then treated with 4.8 MHz, 22.5-38.5 W/cm2 in situ intensity, unfocused ultrasound for exposure times of 20-120 s. After animal sacrifice, thermal lesions were bisected along the imaging/treatment plane, one face stained with TTC, and the other with DAPI. Levels of TTC uptake (no uptake, partial uptake, and complete uptake) in liver parenchyma corresponded to three discrete regions of tan, pink and red color. By processing images of DAPI-stained parenchymal tissue from these three regions, cellular damage was quantified. A viability index parameter incorporating the size and shape of DAPI-stained nuclei correlated significantly with levels of TTC uptake, and thus with local tissue viability. For ablation of normal liver, viability indices for parenchymal regions of no TTC uptake and partial TTC uptake were significantly different from those for viable tissue. For ablation of VX2 tumor, differences in viability index between regions of no TTC uptake and complete TTC uptake were smaller, but significant overall.
Real-world outcomes in young women with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Villarreal-Garza, Cynthia; Bargallo-Rocha, Juan Enrique; Soto-Perez-de-Celis, Enrique; Lasa-Gonsebatt, Federico; Arce-Salinas, Claudia; Lara-Medina, Fernando; Reynoso-Noverón, Nancy; Matus-Santos, Juan; Cabrera, Paula; Alvarado-Miranda, Alberto; Mohar, Alejandro
Breast cancer in young women has been shown to have an aggressive behavior and worse prognosis. Studies evaluating young women enrolled in clinical trials of neoadjuvant chemotherapy have shown that age is a determinant factor in the achievement of a pathological complete response (pCR). In this study, we sought to analyze the outcomes of young patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy at a single institution. 1639 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included. 316 patients ≤40 years were compared with 1323 patients aged >40 years regarding the achievement of a pCR (defined as no invasive residual tumor in the breast or lymph nodes). Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival were compared between groups according to pCR status and subtype, defined by hormone receptor (HR) and HER2 status. Young women were more likely to have a pCR than their older counterparts (37.4 vs. 26.3 %, P world clinical setting, the achievement of a pCR was an independently significant protective factor for recurrence across all subtypes and ages, except for HR+, HER2- disease in young women.
Spatial analysis of childhood cancer: a case/control study.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rebeca Ramis
Full Text Available Childhood cancer was the leading cause of death among children aged 1-14 years for 2012 in Spain. Leukemia has the highest incidence, followed by tumors of the central nervous system (CNS and lymphomas (Hodgkin lymphoma, HL, and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, NHL. Spatial distribution of childhood cancer cases has been under concern with the aim of identifying potential risk factors.The two objectives are to study overall spatial clustering and cluster detection of cases of the three main childhood cancer causes, looking to increase etiological knowledge.We ran a case-control study. The cases were children aged 0 to 14 diagnosed with leukemia, lymphomas (HL and NHL or CNS neoplasm in five Spanish regions for the period 1996-2011. As a control group, we used a sample from the Birth Registry matching every case by year of birth, autonomous region of residence and sex with six controls. We geocoded and validated the address of the cases and controls. For our two objectives we used two different methodologies. For the first, for overall spatial clustering detection, we used the differences of K functions from the spatial point patterns perspective proposed by Diggle and Chetwynd and the second, for cluster detection, we used the spatial scan statistic proposed by Kulldorff with a level for statistical significance of 0.05.We had 1062 cases of leukemia, 714 cases of CNS, 92 of HL and 246 of NHL. Accordingly we had 6 times the number of controls, 6372 controls for leukemia, 4284 controls for CNS, 552 controls for HL and 1476 controls for NHL. We found variations in the estimated empirical D(s for the different regions and cancers, including some overall spatial clustering for specific regions and distances. We did not find statistically significant clusters.The variations in the estimated empirical D(s for the different regions and cancers could be partially explained by the differences in the spatial distribution of the population; however, according to the
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
A. S. Kalpinsky
Full Text Available The incidence of bilateral testicular cancer is 5% in the total cohort of patients. Synchronous and metachronous testicular cancers are detected in 1-2 and 3% of cases, respectively. The standard treatment for testicular cancer is orchifuniculectomy and that for synchronous or metachronous cancer is organ-saving treatment, testectomy.The paper describes a clinical case of multiple primary metachronous testicular cancer. A 24-year-old patient underwent surgery (orchifuniculectomy and received 4 courses of BEP polychemotherapy for embryonal carcinoma of the left testicle at the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute. After 55 months, a dynamic control examination diagnosed a 9-mm tumor in his single right testis that was thereafter resected. Its histological examination revealed embryonal carcinoma with solitary structures in the immature teratoma. Following 22 months, a control examination showed a recurrence of the disease, for which orchifuniculectomy of the single right testis, followed by hormone replacement therapy, was performed. The follow-up period was 80 months; no recurrence is now observed.
Quality of life assessment in advanced cancer patients treated at home, an inpatient unit, and a day care center
Leppert, Wojciech; Majkowicz, Mikolaj; Forycka, Maria; Mess, Eleonora; Zdun-Ryzewska, Agata
Aim of the study To assess quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients treated at home, at an in-patient palliative care unit (PCU), and at a day care center (DCC). Patients and methods QoL was assessed in advanced cancer patients at baseline and after 7 days of symptomatic treatment using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 15-Palliative Care (EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL), the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), and the Karnofsky Perfor...
Pulmonary fibrosis in youth treated with radioiodine for juvenile thyroid cancer and lung metastases after Chernobyl
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hebestreit, Helge; Burkhardt, Antje [University Children' s Hospital, Wuerzburg (Germany); Biko, Johannes; Reiners, Christoph [University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wuerzburg (Germany); Drozd, Valentina [International Belarussian-German Foundation, Minsk (Belarus); Demidchik, Yuri [Thyroid Cancer Centre, Minsk (Belarus); Trusen, Andreas [Klinik fuer Radiologie, Johanniter-Krankenhaus, Genthin-Stendal gGmbH, Stendal (Germany); Beer, Meinrad [University Hospital, Department of Radiology, Wuerzburg (Germany)
The objective of this project was to systematically determine the prevalence and consequences of pulmonary fibrosis in youth with thyroid carcinoma and lung metastases from Belarus who were treated with radioiodine ({sup 131}I). A total of 69 patients treated for juvenile thyroid carcinoma and lung metastasis with {sup 131}I were assessed. A group of 29 patients without lung metastases and prior {sup 131}I treatment served as controls. The assessments included a CT scan of the lungs, extensive pulmonary function testing and an incremental cycle test to volitional fatigue with measurements of oxygen uptake (V. O{sub 2}), oxygen saturation and alveolar-arterial difference in oxygen partial pressure ({delta}aaO{sub 2}). Five patients with lung metastases showed advanced pulmonary fibrosis on CT scans and also had poorer lung functions compared with the 62 patients with none or minor signs of fibrosis and the 29 controls. Furthermore, these five patients showed lower peak V.O{sub 2}, lower oxygen saturation at peak exercise and higher exercise {delta}aaO{sub 2}. They were younger at the time of cancer diagnosis and had received chemotherapy more frequently than youth with pulmonary metastases who did not develop fibrosis. One of the five patients subsequently died from pulmonary fibrosis. Following the Chernobyl catastrophe, about 7% of children treated with radioiodine for thyroid carcinoma and lung metastases displayed pulmonary fibrosis which was associated with functional impairments. Based on the characteristics of affected individuals, the number of radioiodine courses may have to be limited, especially in young children, and chemotherapy should be avoided. (orig.)
Surgical Treatment and Prognosis of Synchronous Double Primary Lung Cancer: a Report of 31 Cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Feiyue Feng; Dechao Zhang; Xiangyang Liu; Yonggang Wang; Yousheng Mao
OBJECTIVE The concept of double primary lung cancer (DPLC) has been generally accepted. Recently, an increasing incidence of synchronous DPLC has been reported, while the diagnostic standard and treatment strategies remain to be improved. This study was conducted to investigate effective surgical treatment and prognosis of synchronous DPLC.METHODS From January 1983 to April 2004, 31 patients with synchronous DPLC were operated in our department. Clinical data, such as surgical pattern, postoperative complications, and survival status, of all these patients were reviewed retrospectively.RESULTS The 31 patients with synchronous DPLC accounted for 0.67% of all the 4,649 patients operated for primary lung cancer in our department during the same period. Both tumors of the synchronous DPLC were resected with Iobectomy or pneumonectomy in 12 patients, while among the other 19 patients at least 1 tumor was treated with partial pulmonary resection. The postoperative morbidity was 29%(9/31), including 1 case of respiratory insufficiency, 3 cases of atelectasis, 2 cases of atrial fibrillation, 1 case of haemoptysis, 1 case of pleural effusion, and 1 case of wound fat necrosis.No deaths occurred during the operations or within 30 days postoperatively.The postoperative 1 -, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 52%, 29%, and 20%, respectively.CONCLUSION The incidence of synchronous DPLC is low. An aggressive and reasonable surgical approach can achieve a satisfactory outcome in patients with synchronous DPLC. The postoperative morbidity is low. Some patients might achieve long-term survival.
Acupuncture plus Three-step Analgesic Ladder Principle for Cancer Pain Relief:Clinical Observation on 24 Cases
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
ZHOU Yi; ZHONG Yi; HUANG Qin-feng; HAN Chou-ping
To observe the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture plus three-step analgesic ladder for cancer pain relief.Method:Thirty-siX cases with cancer pain were randomized into a treatment group and a control group.Twenty-four cases in the treatment group were treated with acupuncture plus three-step analgesic ladder approach and 12 cases in the control group were treated with three-step analgesic ladder approach alone.Result:The total effective rate and marked effect rate of the treatment group were 95.8%and 54.2% respectively,while those of the control group were 83.3%and 25.0%respectively,indicating a significant statistical difference (P<0.05) in terms of the therapeutic efficacy of the two groups and acupuncture plus three-step analgesic ladder approach can further improve the therapeutic efficacy.
Two Cases of Mucinous Cystadenoma of the Appendix Successfully Treated by Laparoscopy
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Yuko Yoshida
Full Text Available Two cases of mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix successfully treated by laparoscopy are reported. An 81-year-old woman with lower right back pain was diagnosed with mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix or appendiceal carcinoma and underwent elective laparoscopic surgery. The other case involved a 70-year-old man with hematochezia who was diagnosed with mucinous cystadenoma. He also underwent elective laparoscopic surgery. In these two cases, gauze was folded around the tumors rather than grasping them directly. The postoperative courses were uneventful, and these patients had no recurrent disease at 2-year follow-up. In such cases, surgical excision of the tumor without rupture is of paramount importance because rupture of the lesion can cause pseudomyxoma peritonei. Though appendiceal mucinous cystadenoma has been considered a contraindication of laparoscopic resection, it was possible to achieve this by using a laparoscopic procedure with a gauze technique.
A suicide gene therapy approach to treat epidermolysis bullosa-associated skin cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is an inherited disease causing extensive blister formation within the basal membrane zone (BMZ) of the skin and mucous membranes. It is caused by premature STOP mutations in the COL7A1 gene, which is indispensable for proper skin assembling. RDEB is associated with the development of a highly malignant skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma, SCC) in early adulthood that displays a life threatening complication within this patient group. To date, neither chemo- nor radiotherapies showed successful results and due to the high metastatic potential of RDEB SCC wide surgical excision is still favoured. In this study we could reveal a new promising cancer treatment using spliceosome mediated RNA trans-splicing (SMaRT) using a suicide gene therapy approach. First we identified the tumour marker gene MMP-9 expressed by RDEB SCC cells in cell culture which was used to generate various pre-mRNA trans-splicing molecules (PTM). PTMs are able to facilitate trans-splicing between a tumour target gene and a cell death inducing peptide/toxin, encoded by the PTM. As a consequence the toxin is expressed in cancer cells leading to the induction of cell death. This technique offers high specificity in cancer cell targeting compared to other conventional cDNA expression studies. Various trans-splicing molecules were pre-evaluated in a fluorescence screening model for their best trans-splicing efficiency with the target molecule. Herein we identified two potent PTMs (PTM BD0 and PTM BD6), that were further adapted for endogenous suicide studies by inserting the toxin streptolysin O. In two independent in vitro cell culture assays we were able to confirm that the trans-splicing molecules are able to induce expression of the toxin resulting in cell membrane permeabilization and increased cell death induction. The results indicate that SMaRT technology offers a new platform for a suicide gene therapy approach to treat malignant squamous cell
[Self-amputation of the penis treated immediately: Case report and review of the literature].
Odzébé, A W S; Bouya, P A; Otiobanda, G F; Banga Mouss, R; Nzaka Moukala, C; Ondongo Atipo, A M; Ondziel Opara, A S
Self-amputation of the penis treated immediately: case report and review of the literature. Self-amputation of the penis is rare in urological practice. It occurs more often in a context psychotic disease. It can also be secondary to alcohol or drugs abuse. Treatment and care vary according on the severity of the injury, the delay of consultation and the patient's mental state. The authors report a case of self-amputation of the penis in an alcoholic context. The authors analyze the etiological and urological aspects of this trauma.
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
ZHANG Yu-he
Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of round-sharp needle for prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc. Methods: A total of 80 cases of lumbar intervertebral disc prolapse were treated by puncturing Qihaishu (气海俞 BL 24), Guanyuanshu (关元俞 BL 26), etc., with round-sharp needle, once every week, continuously for 4 sessions. Results: After the treatment, of the 80 cases, 56 (70 %) were cured, 16 (20%) improved,and 8 (10)%) failed, with an effective rate of 90%. Conclusion: Round-sharp needle works well in the treatment of prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc.
Thirty-Two Cases of Trigeminal Neuralgia Treated with Acupuncture plus Chinese Traditional Drugs
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Zheng Xiangmei; Suo Yunxi; Chen Zhengqiu
@@ Trigeminal neuralgia refers to the kind of pain occurring in the distribution areas of the trigeminal nerves. The pain attacking periodically is so intense like either knife-cutting or electric stroke. However,no abnormality is found in the patients when the attack ceases. By means of acupuncture plus Chinese traditional drugs, the authors had treated 32cases of the disease from March of 1999 to March of 2003, and its effect is compared with that of carbamazepine in 29 cases. A report follows.
A rare case of solitary trichoepithelioma treated with carbon dioxide laser
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Katarzyna Borowska
Full Text Available Trichoepithelioma (TE is a benign skin neoplasm derived from the hair follicle. It is commonly located on the face and hairy skin. We report a rare and interesting case of a solitary trichoepithelioma (sTE treated with a carbon dioxide laser. This report shows a positive therapeutic effect of a carbon dioxide laser on a patient with sTE located on the medial angle of the eye region. The carbon dioxide laser may be one of the therapeutic options in the case of sTE.
Four Cases of Facial Discoid Lupus Erythematosus Successfully Treated with Topical Pimecrolimus or Tacrolimus
Han, Ye Won; Kim, Hyung Ok; Park, Sung Hwan; Park, Young Min
Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), which is a cutaneous form of lupus erythematosus (LE), is generally refractory to a wide range of topical or systemic therapies. Although the main treatment option for DLE is topical steroids, it is often ineffective or likely to produce long-term side effects. New drugs, including tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, have been developed to overcome the adverse effects of steroids and treat the lesions of DLE for a prolonged period. We herein report 4 cases of facia...
Spontaneous pseudoaneurysm of the uterine artery during pregnancy treated by direct thrombin injection: A case report
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hong, Jung Hee; Kim, See Hyung; Kim, Young Hwan [Dept. Radiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu (Korea, Republic of)
Pseudoaneurysm of uterine artery during pregnancy is a very rare disease. It is mostly associated with uterine artery injury, usually occurring after proceeding conditions such as history of gynecologic operation and infection. However, the best treatment modality has not been established yet. Herein, we reported a case of spontaneous formation of uterine artery pseudoaneurysm during pregnancy treated by direct thrombin injection without any complication or recurrence.
A Rare case of Guillain-Barré syndrome in pregnancy treated with plasma exchange
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rahul Vasudev
Full Text Available Guillain-Barre syndromé (GBS is an autoimmune disorder. It is rare in pregnancy as there is a decrease in cell-mediated immunity. A case of 28-year-old pregnant woman who presented with acute flaccid quadriplegia suffering from GBS is discussed in this study. She was treated with plasma exchange in her immediate post-partum period. The management of GBS in pregnancy has been discussed.
Pediatric seizure-related posttraumatic stress and anxiety symptoms treated with EMDR: a case series
Dautovic, Elmedina; De Roos, Carlijn; Rood, Yanda; Dommerholt, Agnes; Rodenburg, Roos
Purpose: To examine the potential effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in children with epilepsy-related posttraumatic stress and/or anxiety symptoms, using a case series design.Methods: Five children (aged 8–18) with epilepsy identified for seizure-related posttraumatic stress and/or anxiety symptoms were treated with EMDR. To examine potential treatment effects, posttraumatic stress and anxiety symptoms were assessed (CRTI and SCARED) pre- and post-EMDR and at 3-m...
Post-transfusion purpura treated with plasma exchange by haemonetics cell separator. A case report
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Laursen, B; Morling, N; Rosenkvist, J;
A case of post-transfusion purpura in a 61-year-old, multiparous female with a platelet alloantibody (anti-Zwa) in her serum is reported. The patient was successfully treated with plasma exchange by means of a Haemonetics 30 cell separator and corticosteroids. Compared with other therapeutic...... measures, plasma exchange seems to shorten the duration of thrombocytopenia. Major surgery was possible in our patient within ten days of development of the syndrome....
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
HAN Xin-qiang; HAN Bao-ru; HAN Yan-ru
@@ Gastroptosis refers to prolapse of the stomach to an abnormal position manifested clinically by distending pain below the xiphoid process, hypochondriac fullness, chest stuffiness, abdominal distention and straining sensation,which is mainly caused by reduced tensity, lack of fat of the abdominal wall, relaxed muscles and decreased abdominal pressure. The authors have treated 93 cases of gastroptosis by applying acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine and achieved quite satisfactory therapeutic results reported as follows.
Sixty-seven Cases of Abnormal Movement of the Cardiac Apex Treated with Bu Xin Tang
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
王平; 耿世钊
@@ Bu Xin Tang (heart-reinforcement decoction) was used to treat 67 cases of abnormal movement of the cardiac apex based on differentiation of symptoms and signs. The results showed that, in most patients, there were remarkable improvement notonly for the symptoms but also for the abnormal movement of the cardiac apex. The cured plus remarkably effective rate was 87%, suggesting that it can postponeor prevent coronary heart attacks for the patient of prophase coronary heart disease.
Thirty-six Cases of Hyperglycemia Treated by Promoting Blood Circulation to Remove Stasis
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@Thirty-six cases with hyperglycemia were treated with the method of promoting blood circulation and removing stasis in a course of 4 weeks. The treatment was significantly effective in correcting the abnormal viscosity of the blood by reducing the contents of total plasmic cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and apoprotein B (apoB), while the level of the apoprotein A (apoA) was elevated.
Thirty-six Cases of Infantile Proctoptosis Treated by Extremely Shallow Puncture
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@ Proctoptosis, a disease of downward displacement of the anal canal, rectal mucosa, rectum or partial sigmoid colon, is known as prolapse of the rectum in TCM, which is frequently seen in the weak and thin babies or children of 2-4 years old. The author treated 36 cases of infantile proctoptosis by using extremely shallow puncture in the acupuncture techniques from Aug. 1995 to Dec. 1998 and obtained satisfactory results as reported in the following.
A case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis treated with whole lung lavage
Bansal, Avdhesh; Sikri, Vikas
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis represents a rare syndrome characterized by the accumulation of proteinaceous phospholipid-laden material in the alveoli. This leads to impaired gas exchange and arterial hypoxemia of varying degrees. The diagnosis is confirmed by lung biopsy. Sequential whole-lung lavage (WLL) first described in 1963 is the standard of care. We report a case of a male diagnosed of having pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) on transbroncial lung biopsy (TBLB). He was treated wi...
New technique for treating abdominal surgical site infection using CT woundgraphy and NPWT: A case report
Eisaku Ito; Masashi Yoshida; Keigo Nakashima; Norihiko Suzuki; Tomonori Imakita; Nobuhiro Tsutsui; Hironori Ohdaira; Masaki Kitajima; Yutaka Suzuki
Introduction: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for abdominal surgical site infection (SSI) is becoming increasingly common, although enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) has been reported as a complication. To avoid ECF, we used computed tomography (CT) woundgraphy to evaluate the relationship between the wound and the intestine, and then safely treated the abdominal SSI with NPWT. Case presentation: Following a laparoscopic intersphincteric resection for low rectal neuroendocrine tumor and...
Pediatric seizure-related posttraumatic stress and anxiety symptoms treated with EMDR: a case series
Elmedina Dautovic; Carlijn de Roos; Yanda van Rood; Agnes Dommerholt; Roos Rodenburg
Purpose: To examine the potential effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in children with epilepsy-related posttraumatic stress and/or anxiety symptoms, using a case series design. Methods: Five children (aged 8–18) with epilepsy identified for seizure-related posttraumatic stress and/or anxiety symptoms were treated with EMDR. To examine potential treatment effects, posttraumatic stress and anxiety symptoms were assessed (CRTI and SCARED) pre- and post-EMDR and at 3-...
Fatal haemoptysis in a case of lymphomatoid granulomatosis treated with rituximab.
Jaffre, S; Jardin, F; Dominique, S; Duet, E; Hubscher, Ph; Genevois, A; Corne, F; Bota, S; Nouvet, G; Thiberville, L
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is a rare angiocentric and angiodestructive disease, which commonly involves the lungs but also the brain, kidneys, liver and skin. This report describes the case of a 33-yr-old female with an aggressive form of lymphoid granulomatosis treated with an anti-CD20 antibody. Dramatic radiological improvement was seen at the fourth week. However, the patient died at home 1 month after the last rituximab administration from a massive haemoptysis. PMID:16507866
Ureteral Metastasis Secondary to Prostate Cancer: A Case Report.
Morales, I; Bassa, C; Pavlovic, A; Morales, C
Prostate cancer is very frequent, but secondary ureteral metastasis are extremely rare. We present a 55 year old man with a 2 month history of right flank pain and lower urinary tract symptoms. Prostatic specific antigen of 11.3 ng/mL. Computed tomography showed right hydroureteronephrosis, a developing urinoma and right iliac adenopathies. He underwent right ureteronephrectomy, iliac lymphadenectomy and prostate biopsy. Pathology revealed prostatic carcinoma infiltrating the ureteral muscularis propria, without mucosal involvement. There are 46 reported cases of prostate cancer with ureteral metastases. Ureteral metastasis are a rare cause of renal colic and need of a high index of suspicion. PMID:26793587
Ureteral Metastasis Secondary to Prostate Cancer: A Case Report
Morales, I.; Bassa, C.; Pavlovic, A.; Morales, C.
Prostate cancer is very frequent, but secondary ureteral metastasis are extremely rare. We present a 55 year old man with a 2 month history of right flank pain and lower urinary tract symptoms. Prostatic specific antigen of 11.3 ng/mL. Computed tomography showed right hydroureteronephrosis, a developing urinoma and right iliac adenopathies. He underwent right ureteronephrectomy, iliac lymphadenectomy and prostate biopsy. Pathology revealed prostatic carcinoma infiltrating the ureteral muscularis propria, without mucosal involvement. There are 46 reported cases of prostate cancer with ureteral metastases. Ureteral metastasis are a rare cause of renal colic and need of a high index of suspicion. PMID:26793587
Ureteral Metastasis Secondary to Prostate Cancer: A Case Report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
I. Morales
Full Text Available Prostate cancer is very frequent, but secondary ureteral metastasis are extremely rare. We present a 55 year old man with a 2 month history of right flank pain and lower urinary tract symptoms. Prostatic specific antigen of 11.3 ng/mL. Computed tomography showed right hydroureteronephrosis, a developing urinoma and right iliac adenopathies. He underwent right ureteronephrectomy, iliac lymphadenectomy and prostate biopsy. Pathology revealed prostatic carcinoma infiltrating the ureteral muscularis propria, without mucosal involvement. There are 46 reported cases of prostate cancer with ureteral metastases. Ureteral metastasis are a rare cause of renal colic and need of a high index of suspicion.
A case of radiation induced cancer
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ozawa, Kazuyoshi; Tsuchikawa, Kohzo; Sato, Akira; Kato, Joji (Nippon Dental Univ., Niigata (Japan). School of Dentistry at Niigata)
A case of carcinoma on the right buccal mucosa is presented. The case was suspected to have been induced by irradiation therapy for a carcinoma on the left buccal mucosa. An external radiotherapy, 6-MeV Linac, had been done for the carcinoma on the left buccal mucosa in a 55-year-old female, with single lateral direction from the left to the right in 1977. In 1985, a papillary lesion on the right buccal mucosa was detected, and histological examination revealed a papilloma without atypism. In 1991, as an ulcer on the right upper buccal fold as well as three papillary lesions in the central portion of the right buccal mucosa were found, the patient was referred to our clinic. Microscopical findings were consistent with the early invasive carcinomas. A surgical excision of these whole lesions and skin graft were completed. The criteria of this case for the suspicion of radiation-induced carcinoma were as follows. There was a long latent period of 14 years. The previous dose of irradiation, 60 Gy, was sufficient. The right buccal mucosa was involved in the radiation field. A severe scar on the left cheek resulted from the previous irradiation. Anatomically, there is no evidence of the secondary carcinoma on the right buccal mucosa with the primary carcinoma on the left buccal mucosa. No evidence for recurrence of the tumors on both sides of buccal mucosa has been detected so far. Further observations will be necessary to detect other tumors in the irradiated field later on. (author).
Gastric cancer occurring in a patient with Plummer-Vinson syndrome: report of a case.
Kitabayashi, K; Akiyama, T; Tomita, F; Saitoh, H; Kosaka, T; Kita, I; Takashima, S
We report herein the unusual case of a 59-year-old woman with Plummer-Vinson syndrome who developed gastric cancer. The patient had a longstanding history of dysphagia and iron deficiency anemia, for which she had sporadically taken iron supplements that improved the dysphagia to some extent, but not completely. Owing to her tolerance of the dysphagia, she had not been taking iron supplements for the past 17 years. On admission, she was in fair nutritional condition and not anemic. Blood chemistry results were all normal, including the serum iron level. Gastrointestinal radiographic series demonstrated cervical esophageal webs and advanced gastric cancer. Her dysphagia was successfully treated by endoscopic bougienage through the webs, and a distal partial gastrectomy with nodal dissection was performed. Histology of the resected stomach revealed atrophic mucosal change and, by chance, an adenomatous lesion in addition to adenocarcinoma. Her postoperative course was uneventful and she is now well, without any signs of recurrence. Although Plummer-Vinson syndrome is known to be associated with upper alimentary tract cancers, gastric cancer is extremely rare. A discussion on the etiology of Plummer-Vinson syndrome and its link with potential carcinogenesis follows this case report.
Bilateral orbital metastases from breast cancer: a case report of successful palliation using stereotactic radiotherapy.
Kim, Jin Ho; Choi, Sang Yul; Cho, Chul Koo; Yang, Kwang Mo; Noh, Woo Chul; Kim, Mi-Sook
Of ophthalmic involvement from metastatic breast cancer, extraocular/intraorbital metastases are extremely rare. External beam radiotherapy has been a mainstay palliation for symptomatic orbital metastases. We present a case of bilateral orbital metastases from breast cancer successfully treated with stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT). A 38-year-old woman presented with decreased vision in the right eye for 3 weeks. Eight months previously, she underwent whole-brain radiotherapy for multiple brain metastases from breast cancer. Visual acuity was hand motion, and the eyelid closed incompletely in the affected eye. Computed tomography scans showed a 3-cm extraconal mass in the right orbit. She underwent temporary tarsorrhaphy followed by SRT. A total dose of 39 Gy was delivered to the right orbital mass in three daily fractions. Four months later, her visual function was normal in both eyes and the right orbital mass disappeared. A new lesion was detected in the left orbit. She underwent SRT for the left orbital lesion using the same dose-fractionation schedule. No radiation-related toxicities were observed. She died 19 months after the first SRT. Our case suggests that SRT may be an effective and safe treatment option in patients with orbital metastases from breast cancer. PMID:21999613
Ventricular arrhythmias in patients of atrial fibrillation treated with Flecainide: A case report
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Barman M, Djamel B
Full Text Available Purpose: Flecainide is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug, especially used for the management of supraventricular arrhythmia. Flecainide also has a recognized proarrhythmic effect in all age groups of adult patients treated for ventricular tachycardia. It is used to treat a variety of cardiac arrhythmias including paroxysmal fibrillation, Paroxysmal Supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia. Flecainide works by regulating the flow of sodium in the heart, causing prolongation of the cardiac action potential. The proarrhythmic effects however noted are not widely reported. Case report: We report a case of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with structurally normal heart who was treated with oral Flecainide. Despite subjective improvement and no adverse events [QTc prolongation] a repeat holter detected him to have multiple short non sustained ventricular arrhythmias. Results: Development of ventricular arrhythmias, salvos &non sustained ventricular tachycardia after a month of initiation of oral Flecainide detected by 24 hours ECG holter lead to discontinuation of Flecainide and subsequent early electro physiological studies and successful ablation. Conclusion: Initiation of oral Flecainide in a case of atrial fibrillation with subjective improvement and regular ECG monitoring, no QTc prolongation can still lead to development of dangerous ventricular arrhythmias. A cautious approach and thorough investigations and follow up are recommended.
Incidence and patterns of isolated brain failure in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
The incidence and patterns of isolated brain failure was examined in patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT). Between 1996 and 2003, a total of 68 patients with stage III NSCLC were treated with radical CCRT. Among them, 63 patients were evaluable. Radiation therapy with a mean total dose of 61.4 Gy and chemotherapy (typically platinum-based) were administered concurrently. Other than locoregional failure, isolated brain failure was the most common failure pattern as the initial failure, occurring 2-37 months (median 6.5 months) after radical CCRT. The isolated brain failure rates as the initial failure at 1, 3, and 4 years were 9%, 13%, and 25%, respectively. Isolated brain failure as the initial failure occurred more frequently in T4 cases (39% at 4 years) compared to T1-3 cases (14% at 4 years) in our series (P=0.0099). Except for locoregional failure, isolated brain failure was the most common initial failure pattern of stage III NSCLCs treated with radical CCRT. Isolated brain failure as the initial failure occurred even after 3 years. Isolated brain failure as the initial failure occurred more frequently in T4 cases than in T1-3 cases. (author)
A Controlled Clinical Study between Hepatic Arterial Infusion with Embolized Curcuma Aromatic Oil and Chemical Drugs in Treating Primary Liver Cancer
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness, toxicity and prospective application of hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) with embolized Curcuma Aromatic oil (CAO) in treating primary liver cancer (PLC). Methods: In the treated group, 32 patients with PLC were treated by HAI with 1-3 ml embolized CAO and oral administration of Chinese herbal medicine. In the control group, 32 patients with PLC were treated with transcatheter artery chemoembolization (TACE). Results: In the treated group, one patient attained complete remission (CR) and 13 partial remission (PR), the total effective rate being 43.75%. The level of alpha fetal protein (AFP) turned to normal range in 7 cases and decreased in other 7. In the control group, 10 obtained PR and the total effective rate being 31.25%, AFP level turned to normal in 5 and decreased in 2. There was no statistical significance between the two groups. The incidences of post-embolism Sydrome, such as fever, abdominal pain and vomiting were similar between the two groups but no myelosuppression occurred in the treated group with significant difference as comparing with that in the control group (P<0.01). The mean survival time, median survival time, 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rate in the treated group were 11.5 months, 10 months, 37.5%, 13.3% and 6.9% respectively, while in the control group they were 7.25 months, 6 months, 15.6%, 3.2% and 0% respectively. Better result in mean survival time, median survival time and 1-year survival rate was found in the treated group than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion:HAI with embolized CAO showed a similar good effect in treating PLC as that of TACE, but superior to TACE with longer survival time and milder myelosuppression.
Fifty Cases of Child Restless Syndrome Treated with the Integrated Method of Chinese Herbal Drugs and Auricular-Plaster Therapy
Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)
@@ Fifty cases of child restless syndrome were treated with oral administration of Chinese traditional herbal drugs plus auricular-plaster therapy from December 1998 to November 2001, and another 47 cases were treated with oral administration of methylphenidate as controls. The result is reported as follows.
DNA damage among thyroid cancer and multiple cancer cases, controls, and long-lived individuals
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sigurdson, A J; Hauptmann, M; Alexander, B J; Doody, M M; Thomas, C B; Struewing, J P; Jones, I M
Variation in the detection, signaling, and repair of DNA damage contributes to human cancer risk. To assess capacity to modulate endogenous DNA damage among radiologic technologists who had been diagnosed with breast cancer and another malignancy (breast-other; n=42), early-onset breast cancer (early-onset, age {<=} 35; n=38), thyroid cancer (n=68), long-lived cancer-free individuals (hyper-normals; n=20) and cancer-free controls (n=49) we quantified DNA damage (single strand breaks and abasic sites) in untreated lymphoblastoid cell lines using the alkaline comet assay. Komet{trademark} software provided comet tail length, % DNA in tail (tail DNA), comet distributed moment (CDM), and Olive tail moment (OTM) summarized as the geometric mean of 100 cells. Category cut-points (median and 75th percentile) were determined from the distribution among controls. Tail length (for {>=} 75% vs. below the median, age adjusted) was most consistently associated with the highest odds ratios in the breast-other, early-onset, and thyroid cancer groups (with risk increased 10-, 5- or 19-fold, respectively, with wide confidence intervals) and decreased risk among the hyper-normal group. For the other three Comet measures, risk of breast-other was elevated approximately three-fold. Risk of early-onset breast cancer was mixed and risk of thyroid cancer ranged from null to a two-fold increase. The hyper-normal group showed decreased odds ratios for tail DNA and OTM, but not CDM. DNA damage, as estimated by all Comet measures, was relatively unaffected by survival time, reproductive factors, and prior radiation treatment. We detected a continuum of endogenous DNA damage that was highest among cancer cases, less in controls, and suggestively lowest in hyper-normal individuals. Measuring this DNA damage phenotype may contribute to the identification of susceptible sub-groups. Our observations require replication in a prospective study with a large number of pre-diagnostic samples.
Local failure in patients treated with radiotherapy and multidrug chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fifty-three patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, 40 Gy in the chest tumor. Intrathoracic failure occurred in 89% of the cases with extensive disease and in 60% of those with limited disease. Since 86% of all failures were localized within the target volume, one can conclude that in most cases the radiation dose was too low for eradication of the tumour. The treatment technique resulted in dose inhomogeneities of more than ±5% in 45% of the cases. The high local failure rate might indicate the need of improved radiotherapy, in the first place higher radiation dose. However, 82% of the patients with limited disease and local failure and 50% of those without local failure also developed distant metastases. This might indicate that the curative potential of improved thoracic radiotherapy probably is limited. Besides, lethal treatment toxicity affected particularly patients in whom local cure had been achieved, indicating the difficulty of increasing the treatment intensity without increasing the lethal toxicity in potentially curable cases. (orig.)