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Results in Hot Wheels Toyota Diecast Vehicles
1-25 of 121
Hot Wheels 2015 Fast and Furious Ford Toyota Supra *Australian Diecast*AU $12.99AU $8.50 postage
2016 Hot Wheels FAST and FURIOUS SERIES 3 - FORD CHEVY DODGE TOYOTA & HONDA!2016 HOT WHEELS. 2016 FAST & FURIOUS. The ultimate HOT WHEELS movie muscle car series. A MUST HAVE SET FOR YOUR HOT WHEELS COLLECTION! SERIES III. Authentic liveries from the 7 FAST & FURIOUS movies.AU $54.00AU $15.00 postage
Hotwheels 1:64 diecast 2002 #066 Toyota celica tuners long cardAU $7.00AU $7.60 postage
2017 Hot Wheels FAST and FURIOUS SERIES 4 FORD CHEVY NISSAN TOYOTA HONDA PORSCHECORVETTE ESCORT PLYMOUTH SUPRA SKYLINE & SUBARU IMPREZAAU $59.00AU $15.00 postage
Hotwheels – 1/64 Scale Fast & Furious Series – The Fast & the Furious 94 ToyotaHotwheels – 1/64 Scale Fast & Furious Series – The Fast & the Furious – 94 Toyota Supra Diecast Model Replica. For collectors/Fans of the Fast & Furious Movie Franchise comes this beautiful model of Brian O'Connor's (Paul Walker) 94 Toyota Supra.AU $6.00
Hot Wheels HW City 1/250 Yellow '70 Toyota CelicaAU $9.34From United StatesAU $268.74 postage
2017 Hot Wheels Fast & Furious '94 TOYOTA SUPRA *6 cars posted for $6!2017 Hot Wheels Fast & Furious series '94 TOYOTA SUPRA. (#7 of 8). SIX basic Hot Wheels or Matchbox cars in a single order. - New on long card. Local pick-up also available. Not Just Bubblewrapped!AU $6.00Only 1 left!AU $8.00 postage
2017 Hot Wheels FAST and FURIOUS SERIES 4 FORD CHEVY NISSAN TOYOTA HONDA PORSCHECORVETTE ESCORT PLYMOUTH SUPRA SKYLINE & SUBARU IMPREZAAU $45.000 bidsAU $15.00 postageEnding Today at 20:16 AEST17h 45m
Hot Wheels 2016 Fast and Furious Series Toyota Supra No.1/8 1/64 diecast(No. 1/8). Great Present Idea! Kids of all ages will love this! Perfect for your little ones Fast Melbourne Australian Dispatch.AU $9.99Only 1 left!AU $8.00 postage
HOT WHEELS diecast car Lot #8 toyota supra redCheck out the range.AU $4.99AU $8.20 postage
Hotwheels 1:64 diecast 70 Toyota celica 2014 short cardAU $6.50AU $8.00 postage
Hot Wheels Toyota 2000 GT Keyring Yellow JDM 1:64These make great gifts for everyone young or old.AU $8.00AU $7.80 postage
10 Toyota Tundra 4x4 truck die cast model hot wheelsYellow edition die cast model by hot wheels.AU $5.00
2013 HOT WHEELS / #176 - Toyota 2000 GT (Red) - Mint on long card.#176 - Toyota 2000 GT / Red, mint on long card. HOT WHEELS.AU $3.99AU $9.60 postage
2016 HOT WHEELS FAST AND FURIOUS 7 94 TOYOTA SUPRA NEW2016 HOT WHEELS FAST AND FURIOUS 7. 94 TOYOTA SUPRA NEW. THEO - 0413283957.AU $9.9528 soldAU $7.95 postage
Hot Wheels HW City 2013 Toyota Corolla Trueno AE-86 Scale 1:64 White DiecastEach Car is Wrapped in Tissue Paper, Bubble Wrapped then placed in a Cardboard Box with Noodles.AU $9.95AU $8.50 postage
Hot Wheels Toyota Supra Diecast ModelHot Wheels Diecast model. Please view the photos as the description and condition. Post only. Don't forget to view the other items currently on offer for sale.AU $2.99AU $8.50 postage
Hot Wheels Special Custom '70 TOYOTA CELICA GT in Red with Real Riders. 2014 carRare Hot Wheels '70 TOYOTA CELICA GT in RED. It is a 2014 HW City car No. # 24/250. Card is in good condition with a little edge wear. Professionally disassembled and Real Riders added to the car, then refastened using button cap screws.AU $17.50AU $8.50 postage
AFL TOYOTA SOARER COLLECTABLE DIECAST CAR WHELLY ST. K.F.C SAINTSTOYOTA SOARER AFL CAR 2014.AU $14.99AU $9.00 postage
Hot Wheels Basic Car 1:64 Sealed Brand New Daredevils Toyota Off-Road TruckThis is Hotwheel Basic Car. Theme : Daredevils.AU $12.99Free postage
Hot Wheels Fast & Furious 94 Toyota Supra Japanese Keychain KeyringHigh quality item, locally assembled in Australia using an authentic Hot Wheels Fast & Furious '94 Toyota Supra in Gold Metallic and a 40mm stainless steel (SS) keychain with a strong, durable SS 25mm keyring.AU $14.95AU $3.90 postage
HOT WHEELS CUSTOM MADE SUPER TREASURE HUNT '70 TOYOTA CELICA REAL RIDERS RAREHOT WHEELS. '70 TOYOTA CELICA. CUSTOM MADE/CONVERTED. VERY RARE & HARD TO FIND. RARE & HARD TO FIND. CHROME REALRIDERS.AU $13.99AU $8.50 postage
1983 TOYOTA AE-86 COROLLA ZAMAC 006 #222/250 RHD BY HOT WHEELS SCALE 1/64 NEW"The AE86 generation of the Toyota Corolla is a small, lightweight coupe introduced by Toyota in 1983 as part of the fifth generation Toyota Corolla lineup. For the purpose of brevity, the insider-chassis code of "AE86" depicts the 1600 cc RWD model from the range.AU $19.99AU $8.60 postage
NEW 2017 Hot Wheels Fast & Furious Series 94 TOYOTA SUPRAAU $9.75AU $8.75 postage
2003 DRAGON WAGONS TOYOTA CELICA RED HOT WHEELS 1/64 DIECAST CAREach Car is Wrapped in Tissue Paper, Bubble Wrapped then placed in a Cardboard Box with Noodles.AU $14.35Was: Previous priceAU $15.95AU $8.50 postage
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To celebrate World Heritage Day, we're celebrating some of the worlds top monuments and sites of cultural and architectural significance. The Taj Mahal, India is up there with the best. Have you visited it yet?
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Please go to Facebook and like my page: seeingthroughtheillusion. I made this page for survivors of Narcissistic Abuse because we all know the best allies we have are each other and our stories!
Curiano Quotes Life - Quote, Love Quotes, Life Quotes, Live Life Quote, and Letting Go Quotes. Visit this blog now Curiano.com
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Free People Never Let You Go Faux Leather Leggings Brand-new, with tags attached! No visible flaws that I can see, the material is super soft and a little bit shinier than the stock photo show as you can see in my pictures but the color is definitely black. Open to offers, but please no lowballing! Think of it as your own closet :-) if you wouldn't sell it for the price you're offering then please don't offer it. Let me know if you have any other questions and thank you so much for looking…
New York is not for the faint of heart when it comes of budget. With $20 dollar cocktails and expensive taxi rides everywhere you go, just stepping outside your doorstep will make you poor. But thankfully New York has a lot of fun activities for broke babes too. These are our favourite free things to do in New York.
Tory Burch silver/clear leather flats! Alas, another pair of great shoes that are not "bunion" friendly for me! Size 8.5, very good condition. Please see photos and let me know if you have any questions! These are so cute! I'm slowly letting go of the shoes that I just can't wear! Thanks for looking!❤ Tory Burch Shoes Flats & Loafers

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5556 N DELAWARE AVE, Portland, Oregon
$575,0004 Beds2+ BathsActive
$575,0004 Beds2+ BathsActive
5556 N DELAWARE AVE, Portland, Oregon 97217 - Dynamite location in Overlook! Updated Craftsman w/ ideal layout & good sized rooms. Newer windows, hardwood floors, furnace. 3 beds up, lots of counter space in kitchen, open formal living room & dining room plus main floor flex room & 1/2 bath -could be bedroom or office. Full basement w/ 2 bonus rooms & family room -ADU potential. Large outbuilding w/ ample storage & sunny back yard. Close to MAX/bus & Adidas.
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Listing Courtesy of Living Room Realty


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This is a fabulous little spot with a wonderful chef. The pasta is fresh and great! they have special pasta nights and wine nights. It is totally suitable for either adult or family dining. The service is excellent.
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This is a fabulous little spot with a wonderful chef. The pasta is fresh and great! they have special pasta nights and wine nights. It is totally suitable for either adult or family dining. The service is excellent.
We dined at Toscano's last evening and the food was amazing! The portions were large (even my husband took some home), and it was absolutely delicious! My steak, locally produced at Alwin Farms, was truly the best steak I've ever enjoyed! Flavourful, done to perfection, and wonderfully tender! Our server was amazing - helpful, informative, humorous, prompt and very pleasant.... 更多
We dropped by on pasta Monday for a fantastic deal. I had the delicious Bolognese and my husband the chicken. We also had the local cheese plate. The menu told you where all the meat and dairy was sourced and the pasta was made in house. Just amazing! This is a great way to try the local food in the... 更多
Had not eaten here for a while as the quality had taken a nose dive in the last few years of previous owners. However it is quite a different story now __ the food is excellent ,fresh ingredients and presentation is excellent , the wait staff are friendly and efficient and the whole experience was worthwhile. Would definitely recommend eating... 更多
Participated in the Dine Around event and opted for the $45/plate. Nine years living in the area and have never been to Toscano's; we'll be back! Flavours were incredible. Bruschetta and beets with chevre for appetizers, pork two ways and angry chicken for mains and the lemongrass, ginger creme brule and espresso mousse for dessert. Even the coffee was fabulous.... 更多
Found this gem while googling for a place to eat. We have eaten across the street and next door but had never seen this place. We had made a reservation for 6 pm, a couple of hours before getting there, and we were glad we did. The place filled up without an empty seat. All three of us took advantage... 更多
I've been to Toscano's several times, and the food is good, but it's just never been as good as I hope it will be. This is still the case, even after the new owners took over. Now, I'm a big Italian food lover, especially pasta, and in my experience with eating Italian on Commercial Dr in Vancouver, Toscano's misses the... 更多
Thank you for taking the time to share your feedback with us, it is always enlightening to hear other peoples... 更多
Have dined in and gotten take out. The food and the service were amazing. Highly recommend the West Coast Seafood Fettuccine and the Carbonara-delicious.
Super restaurant with a fun atmosphere and great for families, dates or parties with friends. It doesn't look or seem high-end but the food and service are wonderful so it's just right.
Managed to squeeze two of us in on a busy night and are we glad they did! The food was amazing and our server was wonderful. My wife raved about the sablefish dish for days after, and the dessert (the lemongrass and ginger creme brulee) was superb.
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Monday, May 08, 2017
Kit of the Day
An Aurora hot-rod dedicated to our Indigenous Peoples. You can buy-it-now for only $130 on eBay, but keep in mind it's missing a few parts.
This is a real oddball not only for its content but for the awful artwork on the cover. Aurora usually had excellent box art but this looks like it was done by a precocious high school kid.
Posted by Cap'n Bob at 12:42 AM No comments: Links to this post
Monday, February 27, 2017
Anyone We Know?
An anonymous friend suggested this might resemble someone who had a bad day last November. Or maybe it's just an hysterical pulp cover. I make no judgment.
Posted by Cap'n Bob at 2:25 AM 3 comments: Links to this post
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Lyrics Depot is your source of lyrics to Just Another Man by Glen Campbell. Please check back for more Glen Campbell lyrics.
Just Another Man Lyrics
Artist: Glen Campbell
Album: Gentle On My Mind
I'd like to stay with you for a while but I have promisses to keep
I could be happy here with you but I'm a so wild oat to reap
My strenght tells me my weakness shows you make me think of coats and ties
Of babies home security and jobs that last from nine to five
I could conjure up the constant state of happiness
But I know that I am just another man
And in knowing that I know that I'll get more or less what I can get
So I'll do what I can
I have many steps to take reckless steps I cannot share
A mountain waits for me to climb and I must climb because it's there
I could conjure up...
But if you should not let me go and if you want me as I am
And for a while I'll be a God instead of just another man mhm
Glen Campbell Lyrics
Glen Campbell Gentle On My Mind Lyrics
More Glen Campbell Music Lyrics:
Glen Campbell - All The Way Lyrics
Glen Campbell - As Far As I'm Concerned Lyrics
Glen Campbell - Cold December In Your Heart Lyrics
Glen Campbell - I Could Never Be Ashamed Of You Lyrics
Glen Campbell - I Will Never Pass This Way Again Lyrics
Glen Campbell - Too Late To Worry Too Blue To Cry Lyrics
Glen Campbell - World I Used To Know Lyrics
Glen Campbell - You Win Again Lyrics


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With boosting technology globally time-conserving services have risen for citizens in nearly all country. The internet gives individuals the chance to buy and then sell on every thing on the internet at any moment as well as any place, even flowers. Floral supply products and services enable customers to deliver blossoms with their family members in a area of the community. Fresh and fragrant plants are amongst the greatest gift ideas for almost any affair or situation. With internet floral merchants buyers are able to make sure you those around and beloved to them simply. Fressgass
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Is no
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Products & ServicesSee also: Categories | Featured Products | Technical Articles | More Information
Supplier: Multiwave Photonics
Description: The PM Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier is a high small-signal gain polarization maintaining single polarization (PMSP) amplifier for the wavelength band 1055 nm - 1075 nm, provided as a compact OEM module. The optical amplifier is based on a dual stage configuration and
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- Amplifier Type: Other
- Amplifier Model: Benchtop
- Amplifier Wavelength: Other
- Connector: FC, Other
Supplier: Fiber Instrument Sales, Inc./FIS
Description: On-off key, and an audible alarm, FC/APC adapters are upon request
Show More
- Amplifier Type: EDFA
- Amplifier Model: Rack Mount
- Connector: FC, SC
- Saturated Output Power: 17 dB
Supplier: Multiwave Photonics
Description: The polarization maintaining (PM) EDFA is based on a dual stage configuration and performance is optimized for the wavelength range 1530 nm - 1570 nm. The optical amplifier features over +20 dBm of saturated optical output power (up to +23 dBm can be provided), low polarization crosstalk, low
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- Amplifier Type: EDFA
- Amplifier Model: Modules
- Amplifier Wavelength: C-Band
- Saturated Output Power: 20 dB
Supplier: CARLO GAVAZZI Automation Components
Description: object detection, and color recognition. Carlo Gavazzi is a leader in photoelectric sensors for automatic doors and have one of the broadest range of UL325 sensors on the market. We also offer a range of fiber-optic type sensors for applications where a conventional sensor cannot be used
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- Amplifier Type: SOA
- Amplifier Model: Modules
- Operating Temperature: 32 to 140 F
Supplier: Lucent Technologies, Inc.
Description: . Alcatel-Lucent OAL Repeatered Submarine Systems' design ensures a 25-year lifespan for a 5,000 km four-fiber pair transoceanic system, but the repeater can be used at depths of 8,000 m. Compact repeater allows easy installation, handling and maintenance Reliability: few maintenanceShow More
Supplier: Holland Electronics
Description: No Description Provided
Show More
- Amplifier Type: EDFA
- Amplifier Model: Rack Mount
- Amplifier Wavelength: S-Band
- Connector: SC
Fiber Optic Amplifiers - Sensor, Fiber-Optic; NPN; 10 to 30 VDC @ 10% Ripple (Max.); 35 mA (Max.) -- 70180067Supplier: Allied Electronics, Inc.
Description: Features: Ultra-Fast 200 Micro-Second Response Time Pulse-Modulated Red LED User Friendly Features: — 8-Turn Sensitivity with Position Indicator — Slim Body Mounts on DIN-Rail — IP66 Enclosure Rating Light-ON, Dark-ON or SET Operation Modes (Switch Selectable) Set-Mode
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- Amplifier Model: Modules
Description: Thorlabs offers a 780 nm Fabry-Perot gain chip mounted in a half- butterfly package that includes a TEC and thermistor. When used in the TLK-L780M laser kit, the TFP780A gain chip provides amplification for light in the 740 to 800 nm range. This chip is optimized for high gain, high power, broad
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- Amplifier Model: Modules
Supplier: SPIE - Education
Description: Rare-earth-doped fiber amplifiers have revolutionized the field of optical communications. Amplifiers allow propagating multiple-wavelength light signals modulated at extremely high bit rates along fibers thousands of kilometers long. This functionality has revolutionized
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- Modality: On-site / In Plant
- Industry: Electronics
- Technology / Subject: Electronics, Information Technology / Networks, Photonics / Optics
Supplier: Radwell International
Description: FIBER AMPLIFIER SENSOR PNP 12-24VDC 2M CABLEShow More
Supplier: IHS Product Design
Description: Japanese Language - MEASURING METHODS OF LASER DIODE MODULES FOR OPTICAL FIBER AMPLIFIERShow More
Supplier: HUBER+SUHNER AG
Description: Features Compact size Low Insertion loss Insensitive to operation wavelength Bi-directional Environmentally stable and reliable Applications Telecommunications CATV Subscriber loop Local Area Networks (LAN) Optical fiber amplifiers
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- Cable Type: Single Mode
- Coupler Wavelength(s): 1550 nm, Other
- Number of Input Ports: 1
- Number of Output Ports: 2
Standards and Technical Documents - OFSTP-27 PROCEDURE FOR SYSTEM-LEVEL TEMPERATURE CYCLE ENDURANCE TEST -- TIA-526-27
Description: fiber amplifier units).Show More
Supplier: ValueTronics International, Inc.
Description: The Ando AQ8423B optical amplifier employs a new optical technique the pulse method for easy,accurate evaluation of optical fiber amplifiers. This measurement system is also able to provide accurate measurements even when the input level of the optical amplifier signal
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- Form Factor: Hand Held
Description: Abstract Fiber Optic Essentials starts with a basic discussion on lightwaves and the phenomenon of refraction and reflection. It then goes on to introduces the reader to the field of fiber optics and covers some of the recent developments, such as fiber amplifiers,Show More
Supplier: SPIE
Description: This Field Guide describes many different types of fibers and their properties, as well as presents in a compact form the relevant physical foundations. Both passive and active (amplifying) fibers are discussed, and an overview on fiber nonlinearities and the application ofShow More
Supplier: Shinyei Corporation of America
Description: The D3RF is a high performace digital fiber amplifier.Show More
Supplier: Yokogawa Corporation of America
Description: The AQ2200-111 is a DFB-LD module for the AQ2200 series. It can be used in a wide range of applications, including tests on various optical characteristics in optical fiber amplifiers, and in creating a virtual network on an optical fiber network.
Show More
- Test Equipment Type: Fiber Optic Test Source
- Form Factor: Bench Top, Rack Mount
- Connector Type: FC, LC, SC, ST, Other
- Optical Power Range: 10 milliwatts
Description: The FR series of retro-reflective fiber optics offers a convenient alternative to thrubeam fibers when space is an issue, and are suitable for use in all SUNX fiber amplifiers. Fiber types include standard, transparent object, and wafer mapping fibers (w/
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- Technology: Retroreflective
- Fiber Optic: Plastic
- Beam: Visible, Infrared
- Body: Rectangular
Supplier: Northrop Grumman Corporation
Description: Northrop Grumman is developing single-frequency fiber amplifiers for the new Revolution in iber Lasers (RIFL) program by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The RIFL program takes a similar approach to maturing fiber laser technology as Northrop GrummanShow More
Description: The FD series of diffuse-reflective fiber optics is a wide-ranging family of sensing heads that are suitable for use in all SUNX fiber amplifiers. Fiber types include standard, high flexibility, special use, and environmentally resistant. Each type is broken down further
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- Technology: Photoelectric Sensors
- Operating Distance: 0.0 to 5.51 inch
- Operating Temperature: -40 to 158 F
- Body: Rectangular
Description: The FT series of thrubeam fiber optics is a wide-ranging family of sensing heads that are suitable for use in all SUNX fiber amplifiers. Fiber types include standard, high flexibility, special use, and environmentally resistant. Each type is broken down further to include
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- Operating Temperature: -60 to 392 F
- Technology: Through Beam
- Fiber Optic: Glass
- Beam: Visible, Infrared
Supplier: OFS
Description: LRL erbium-doped fiber reduces the fiber length required to build L-Band amplifiers. It is ideal for amplifiers for L-Band applications. Using both LRL and LSL erbium-doped fibers in an amplifier adds flexibility to the amplifier designs to reduce
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- Fiber Type: Bare Fiber, Erbium Doped
- Fiber Mode: Single Mode
- Wavelength: 1100 to 1400 nm
- Numerical Aperture: 0.25
Supplier: Banner Engineering Corp.
Description: Overview With IO-Link, Banner's DF-G1 fiber amplifier can achieve point-to-point communication, allowing for remote configuration and monitoring capabilities. Easy to read dual digital displays simultaneously show signal level and threshold Response speeds as fast as 200 μs
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- Beam: Visible
- Mode: Light/Dark Programmable
- Output: Current, Switched / Alarm
- Body: Rectangular
Supplier: Fiberguide Industries, Inc.
Description: Erbium is a metallic rare earth element that is used to amplify light signals sent along fiber optic cable. If this chemical element is doped in a glass fiber and light is pumped through it, the result is an Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA). These amplifiers
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- Light Guide Type: Fiber Optic
- Angle: Flexible
- Operating Temperature: -40 to 302 F
Supplier: Microwave Photonic Systems, Inc.
Description: reflections are known to have a destabilizing effect on the oscillation of the laser source and operation of the optical fiber amplifier, thus resulting in poor transmission performance. Optical isolators are indispensable devices for eliminating the adverse effects of back reflections
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- Isolator Type: Inline Isolator
- Connector Type: FC, LC, SC, ST, Other
- Center Wavelength: 1550 nm
- Insertion Loss: 0.7000 dB
Fiber Optic Polarizers - https://www.thorlabs.com/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=5922&pn=ILP1310PM-APC#5926 -- ILP1310PM-APC
Description: for polarization-maintaining fiber amplifiers, fiber lasers, and high speed communication system and instrumentation applications. We also offer PM Patch Cables, PM Pigtailed Laser Diodes, and PM Laser Sources, which are perfect for use with our fiber polarizers. Reverse
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- Cable Type: Single Mode
- Pigtailed: true
- Connector Type: FC
- Wavelength Range: 1310 nm
Supplier: Takex America, Inc.
Description: Description The optical head and detector amplifier are connected via a protected hi temperature glass fiber optic cable, whereby the captured infrared energy is transmitted onto the detector, which is installed at a remote location to better isolate the electronics from the heat
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- Temperature Range: -13 to 122 F
- Response Time: 15 milliseconds
- Device Category: Sensor / Transducer
- Technology: Thermal Pyrometer / Detector
Description: such as fiber sensors, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, and tunable fiber lasers. The Faraday Effect describes the non-reciprocal rotation of a signal's polarization as it passes through an optical medium within a magnetic field. Situated at the end of an opticalShow More
Supplier: Radwell International
Description: SENSOR AMPLIFIER FOR GLASS FIBER OPTICShow More
Supplier: OMEGA Engineering, Inc.
Description: • ±0.25% Accuracy • 316 SS Wetted Parts • Selectable Engineering Units • Selectable Auto Shutoff Times • Front Zero Function • Memory up to 6 Readings • 4-Digit Display with 5 Character Alphanumerics • Optional Backlit Display • Optional NEMA 4X
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- Type: Absolute, Gauge, Compound, Vacuum
- Working Pressure Range: 0.0 to 5000 psi
- Pressure Connection Size: 0.2500 inch
- Accuracy: 0.2500 ±% FS
Find Suppliers by Category Top
Featured Products Top
CARLO GAVAZZI Automation Components
Fiber Optic Sensors
CARLO GAVAZZI launched a new line of Fiber Optic Sensors, including the FA1 Fiber Optic Amplifier, and the FUT and FUR Fiber Optic Cables. The compact, intuitive, and flexible design of the FA1 Fiber Optic Amplifier is ideal for a wide variety of applications. An adjustable signal level, selectable (read more)
Browse Fiber Optic Proximity Sensors Datasheets for CARLO GAVAZZI Automation Components
Lightwave Link, Inc.
10G SR/SW Quad port fiber bypass module
optical power. The post-amplifier of the SR/SW Quad port fiber bypass modules also includes a Loss of Signal (LOS) circuit that provides a TTL logic-high output when the received optical level is below a preset LOS Assert threshold. Key Features -Compliant with 10GBASE-SR -Compliant with 10GBASE (read more)
Browse Fiber Optic Switches Datasheets for Lightwave Link, Inc.
Integrated Device Technology
RF Switch Supporting DOCSIS 3.1 Cable Networking
applications, from the headend to fiber nodes and distribution amplifiers. The Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) is an international standard for the transfer of data via high-bandwidth cable modems. The new 3.1 standard will "fatten" the data pipe to and from the home at a lower cost (read more)
Browse RF Switches Datasheets for Integrated Device Technology
Trotec Laser, Inc.
SpeedMarker FL - Galvo Marking Laser
The Speedmarker FL series uses pulsed Yb fiber lasers, which are unmatched in terms of size, efficiency and durability. The maintenance-free, air-cooled systems provide the same constant output power throughout their product life, with excellent pulse-to-pulse stability. The combination of the (read more)
Browse Laser Engraving and Laser Marking Machines Datasheets for Trotec Laser, Inc.
IntelLiDrives, Inc.
Direct Drive Rotary Servo Indexer
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Conduct Research Top
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Phase Conjugate Laser Optics - Preface
beam, master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA). configurations are demonstrated in Chapter 4 in which both liquid and glass fiber. Brillouin conjugators are used. The fiber presents the advantages of compactness. and lower energy threshold due to the long interaction length of the fiber medium. However
Wired 9.08: Beam On
arsenide, which produces a longer, 980-nanometer infrared beam. Used in an erbium-doped amplifier, a pump laser fires its beam down a 100-meter optical fiber that terminates in an impregnated segment. The beam excites the erbium atoms, which then add their energy to optical data signals passing
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Raman Amplifiers for Telecommunications 1
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text:
Chapter 14
Bonds with Embedded Options and Options on Bonds
Outline • Callable and Putable Bonds – Institutional Aspects – Valuation
• Convertible Bonds – Institutional Aspects – Valuation
• Options on Bonds – Institutional Aspects – Valuation – Uses
Callable Bonds and Putable Bonds Bond with Embedded Options •
Callable bonds – Issuer may repurchase at a pre-specified call price – Typically called if interest rates fall
A callable bond has two disadvantages for an investor – If it is effectively called, the investor will have to invest in another bond yielding a lower rate – A callable bond has the unpleasant property for an investor to appreciate less than a normal similar bond when interest rates fall – Therefore, an investor will be willing to buy such a bond at a lower price than a comparable option-free bond
Examples – The UK Treasury bond with coupon 5.5% and maturity date 09/10/2012 can be called in full or part from 09/10/2008 on at a price of pounds 100 – The US Treasury bond with coupon 7.625% and maturity date 02/15/2007 can be called on coupon dates only, at a price of $100, from 02/15/2002 on – Such a bond is said to be discretely callable
Callable and Putable Bonds Institutional Aspects • Putable bond holder may retire at a pre-specified price • A putable bond allows its holder to sell the bond at par value prior to maturity in case interest rates exceed the coupon rate of the issue • So, he will have the opportunity to buy a new bond at a higher coupon rate • The issuer of this bond will have to issue another bond at a higher coupon rate if the put option is exercised • Hence a putable bond trades at a higher price than a comparable option-free bond
Callable and Putable Bonds Yield-to-Worst • Let us consider a bond with an embedded call option trading over its par value • This bond can be redeemed by its issuer prior to maturity, from its first call date on – One can compute a yield-to-call on all possible call dates – The yield-to-worst is the lowest of the yield-to-maturity and all yields-to-call
• Example – 10-year bond bearing an interest coupon of 5%, discretely callable after 5 years and trading at 102 Yield-to-call – There are 5 possible call dates before maturity year 5 4.54% year 6 4.61% – Yield-to-worst is 4.54% year 7 year 8 year 9
4.66% 4.69% 4.72%
year 10
Yield-to-maturity 4.74%
Callable and Putable Bonds Valuation in a Binomial Model • Let us assume that a binomial tree has been already built and calibrated as explained in Chapter 12 • Recursive procedure – Price cash-flow to be discounted on period n-1 is the minimum value of the price computed on period n and call price on period n – And so on until we get the price P of the callable bond
• Example – We consider a callable bond with maturity two years, annual coupon 5%, callable in one year at 100 – r0 = 4%, ru = 4.66% and rl = 4.57% (cf. example in Chapter 12) – We have Pu = 105/1.0466 = 100.32 and Pl = 105/1.0457 = 100.41 – Finally, price of the callable bond
1 min(100,100.32 ) + 5 min (100,100.41) + 5 P= + = 100.96 2 1 + 4% 1 + 4%
Callable and Putable Bonds Monte Carlo Approach •
Step 1: generate a large number of short-term interest rate paths using some dynamic model (see Chapter 12) • Step 2: along each interest rate path, the price P of the bond with embedded option is recursively determined • The price of the bond is computed as the average of its prices along all interest rate paths Period 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Path1 4,00% 4,08% 3,83% 4,15% 4,27% 4,69% 4,88% 5,14% 5,24% 5,59%
Path2 4,00% 4,14% 4,02% 3,88% 4,26% 4,49% 5,10% 4,94% 5,47% 5,04%
Path3 4,00% 4,29% 4,35% 4,25% 4,68% 4,33% 5,24% 4,75% 5,15% 5,29%
Path4 4,00% 4,24% 4,27% 3,87% 4,58% 4,29% 5,08% 5,54% 5,26% 5,58%
Path5 4,00% 4,28% 4,24% 4,17% 4,29% 4,47% 5,27% 5,25% 5,43% 5,38%
Path6 4,00% 4,28% 4,23% 4,30% 3,99% 4,32% 4,70% 5,08% 5,64% 5,02%
Callable and Putable Bonds Monte Carlo Approach - Example • Price a callable bond with annual coupon 4.57%, maturity 10 years, redemption value 100 and callable at 100 after 5 years • Prices of the bond under each scenario Price of the callable bond
Path1 100.43
Path2 100.55
Path3 99.90
Path4 99.76
Path5 99.68
Path6 100.55
• Price of the bond is average over all paths P=1/6(100.43+100.55+99.9+99.76+99.68+100.55)=100.14 • The Monte Carlo pricing methodology can also be applied to the valuation of all kinds of interest rates derivatives
Convertible Bonds Definition •
• •
Convertible securities are usually either convertible bonds or convertible preferred shares which are most often exchangeable into the common stock of the company issuing the convertible security Being debt or preferred instruments, they have an advantage to the common stock in case of distress or bankruptcy Convertible bonds offer the investor the safety of a fixed income instrument coupled with participation in the upside of the equity markets Essentially, convertible bonds are bonds that, at the holder's option, are convertible into a specified number of shares
Convertible Bonds Terminology • Convertible bonds – Bondholder has a right to covert bond for pre-specified number of share of common stock
• Terminology – Convertible price is the price of the convertible bond – Bond floor or investment value is the price of the bond if there is no conversion option – Conversion ratio is the number of shares that is exchanged for a bond – Conversion value = current share price x conversion ratio – Conversion premium = (convertible price – conversion value) / conversion value – Income pickup is the amount by which the yield to maturity of the convertible bond exceeds the dividend yield of the share
Convertible Bonds Examples • Example 1: – – – – –
Current bond price = $930 Conversion ratio: 1 bond = 30 shares common Current stock price = $25/share Market Conversion Value = (30 shares)x(25) = $750 Conversion Premium = (930 – 750) / 750 = 180 / 750 = 24%
• Example 2: AXA Convertible Bond – AXA has issued in the € zone a convertible bond paying a 2.5% coupon rate and maturing on 01/01/2014; the conversion ratio is 4.04 – On 12/13/2001, the current share price was €24.12 and the bid-ask convertible price was 156.5971/157.5971 – The conversion value was equal to €97.44 = 4.04 x 24.12 – The conversion premium calculated with the ask price 157.5971 was 61.73% = (157.5791 - 97.44)/ 97.44 – The conversion of the bond into 4.04 shares can be executed on any date before the maturity date
Convertible Bonds Bloomberg Description
Convertible Bonds Uses • For the issuer – Issuing convertible bonds enables a firm to obtain better financial conditions – Coupon rate of such a bond is always lower to that of a bullet bond with the same characteristics in terms of maturity and coupon frequency – This comes directly from the conversion advantage which is attached to this product – Besides the exchange of bonds for shares diminishes the liabilities of the firm issuer and increases in the same time its equity so that its debt capacity is improved
• For the convertible bondholder – The convertible bond is a defensive security, very sensitive to a rise in the share price and protective when the share price decreases – If the share price increases, the convertible price will also increase – When share price decreases, price of convertible never gets below the bond floor, i.e., the price of an otherwise identical bullet bond with no conversion option
Convertible Bonds Determinants of Convertible Bond Prices • Convertible bond is similar to a normal coupon bond plus a call option on the underlying stock – With an important difference: the effective strike price of the call option will vary with the price of the bond
• Convertible securities are priced as a function of – – – – – – –
The price of the underlying stock Expected future volatility of equity returns Risk free interest rates Call provisions Supply and demand for specific issues Issue-specific corporate/Treasury yield spread Expected volatility of interest rates and spreads
• Thus, there is large room for relative mis-valuations
Convertible Bonds Convertible Bond Price as a Function of Stock Price Bond Price Convertible Bond
Straight Bond
Stock Price
Convertible Bonds Convertible Bond Pricing Model • A popular method for pricing convertible bonds is the component model – The convertible bond is divided into a straight bond component and a call option on the conversion price, with strike price equal to the value of the straight bond component – The fair value of the two components can be calculated with standard formulas, such as the famous Black-Scholes valuation formula.
• This pricing approach, however, has several drawbacks – First, separating the convertible into a bond component and an option component relies on restrictive assumptions, such as the absence of embedded options (callability and putability, for instance, are convertible bond features that cannot be considered in the above separation) – Second, convertible bonds contain an option component with a stochastic strike price equal to the bond price
Convertible Bonds Convertible Bond Pricing Models • Theoretical research on convertible bond pricing was initiated by Ingersoll (1977a) and Brennan and Schwartz (1977), who both applied the contingent claims approach to the valuation of convertible bonds. • In their valuation models, the convertible bond price depends on the firm value as the underlying variable. Brennan and Schwartz (1980) extend their model by including stochastic interest rates. • These models rely heavily on the theory of stochastic processes and require a relatively high level of mathematical sophistication
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model
• The price of the stock only can go up to a given value or down to a given value uS S dS
• Besides, there is a bond (bank account) that will pay interest of r
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model
• • • •
We assume u (up) > d (down) For Black and Scholes we will need d = 1/u For consistency we also need u > (1+r) > d Example: u = 1.25; d = 0.80; r = 10% S = 125 S=100 S = 80
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model
• Basic model that describes a simple world. • As the number of steps increases, it becomes more realistic • We will price and hedge an option: it applies to any other derivative security • Key: we have the same number of states and securities (complete markets) ⇒ Basis for arbitrage pricing
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model
• Introduce an European call option: – K = 110 – It matures at the end of the period
uS = 125
Cu = 15
dS = 80
Cd = 0
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model
• We can replicate the option with the stock and the bond • Construct a portfolio that pays Cu in state u and Cd in state d • The price of that portfolio has to be the same as the price of the option • Otherwise there will be an arbitrage opportunity
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model • We buy ∆ shares and invest B in the bank • They can be positive (buy or deposit) or negative (shortsell or borrow) • We want then,
∆uS + B(1 + r ) = Cu ∆dS + B(1 + r ) = Cd • With solution,
Cu − C d u × C d − d × Cu ∆= ;B = S (u − d ) (u − d )(1 + r )
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model • In our example, we get for stock:
Cu − C d 15 − 0 1 Δ= = = S(u − d) 100 × ( 1.25 − 0.8 ) 3 • And, for bonds:
u × C d − d × C u 1.25 × 0 − 0.8 × 15 B= = = −24.24 (u − d )(1 + r ) (1.25 − 0.8) × (1.1) • The cost of the portfolio is,
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model
• The price of the European call must be 9.09. • Otherwise, there is an arbitrage opportunity. • If the price is lower than 9.09 we would buy the call and shortsell the portfolio • If higher, the opposite • We have computed the price and the hedge simultaneously: – We can construct a call by buying the stock and borrowing – Short call: the opposite
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model
• Remember that
• And
Cu − C d u × C d − d × Cu ∆= ;B = S (u − d ) (u − d )(1 + r )
• Substituting,
Cu − C d u × C d − d × Cu C= + (u − d ) (u − d )(1 + r )
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model • After some algebra,
1 + r − d 1 u − (1 + r ) C= × Cu + Cd 1 + r (u − d ) (u − d ) • Observe the coefficients,
1 + r − d u − (1 + r ) , (u − d ) (u − d )
• Positive • Smaller than one • Add up to one ⇒ Like a probability.
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model
• Rewrite
1 C= × [ p × Cu + (1 − p) × C d ] 1+ r • Where
1+ r − d u − (1 + r ) p= ,1 − p = (u − d ) (u − d )
• This would be the pricing of: – A risk neutral investor – With subjective probabilities p and (1-p)
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model • Suppose the following economy,
uS udS
S dS
d2S • We introduce an European call with strike price K that matures in the second period
Convertible Bonds Binomial Model • The price of the option will be:
1 2 2 C= × [ p × max( 0 , u S − K) 2 (1 + r ) + (1 − p ) 2 × max(0, d 2 S − K ) + 2 × p × (1 − p ) × max(0, udS − K )]
• There are "two paths" that lead to the intermediate state (that explains the "2") • Suppose we know the volatility σ and the time to maturity t, we can retrieve u and d (see B&S)
σ t/n
; d = 1/ u
Convertible Bond Valuation Methodology • Given that a convertible bond is nothing but an option on the underlying stock, we expect to be able to use the binomial model to price it • At each node, we test – a. whether conversion is optimal – b. whether the position of the issuer can be improved by calling the bonds
• It is a dynamic procedure: max(min(Q1,Q2),Q3)), where – Q1 = value given by the rollback (neither converted nor called back) – Q2 = call price – Q3 = value of stocks if conversion takes place
Convertible Bond Example • Example – We assume that the underlying stock price trades at $50.00 with a 30% annual volatility – We consider a convertible bond with a 9 months maturity, a conversion ratio of 20 – The convertible bond has a $1,000.00 face value, a 4% annual coupon – We further assume that the risk-free rate is a (continuously compounded) 10%, while the yield to maturity on straight bonds issued by the same company is a (continuously compounded) 15% – We also assume that the call price is $1,100.00 – Use a 3 periods binomial model (t/n=3 months, or ¼ year)
Convertible Bond Example .3 1 / 4 u = e = 1.1618 • We have d = 1 = .8607 u 1+ r − d p= u−d
• Actually (continuously compounded rate)
10% exp − .8607 4 p= = .547 1.1618 − .8607
Convertible Bond Example Bond is Called
$58.09 11.03% $1,191.13
$50.00 12.15% $1,115.41
$43.04 13.51% $1,006.23
$58.09 10.00% $1,161.83
looks like a stock: use risk-free rate conversion: 58.09>1040/20=52
$50.00 12.27% bond should not be converted because 1,073.18>50*20=1,000 $1,073.18
looks like a stock: use risk-free rate conversion: 78.42>1040/20=52
$67.49 10.00% calling or converting does not change the bond value because it is already essentially equity $1,349.86
$78.42 10.00% $1,568.31
$43.04 15.00% $1,040.00
looks like a risky bond: use risky rate no conversion: 43.04<1040/20=52
$37.04 15.00% bond should not be converted because 1,001.72>50*20=1,000 $1,001.72
$31.88 15.00% $1,040.00
looks like a risky bond: use risky rate conversion: 31.88<1040/20=52
Convertible Bond Example • At node G, the bondholder optimally choose to convert since what is obtained under conversion ($1,568.31), is higher than the payoff under the assumption of no conversion ($1,040.00) • The same applies to node H • On the other hand, at nodes I and J, the value under the assumption of conversion is lower than if the bond is not converted to equity – Therefore, bondholders optimally choose not to convert, and the payoff is simply the nominal value of the bond, plus the interest payments, that is $1,040.00
Convertible Bond Example • Working our way backward the tree, we obtain at node D the value of the convertible bond as the discounted expected value, using risk-neutral probabilities of the payoffs at nodes G and H
$1,349.86 = e
3 ×10% 12
( p ×1,568.31 + (1 − p ) ×1,161.83)
• At node F, the same principle applies, except that it can be regarded as a standard bond • We therefore use the rate of return on a non convertible bond issued by the same company, 15%
$1,001.72 = e
3 ×15% 12
( p ×1,040 + (1 − p ) ×1,040)
Convertible Bond Example •
At node E, the situation is more interesting because the convertible bond will end up as a stock in case of an up move (conversion), and as a bond in case of a down move (no conversion)
As an approximate rule of thumb, one may use a weighted average of the riskfree and risky interest rate in the computation, where the weighting is performed according to the (risk-neutral) probability of an up versus a down move px10% + (1-p)x15% = 12.27%
Then the value is computed as
$1,073.18 = e
3 ×12.27% 12
( p ×1,161.83 + (1 − p ) ×1,040)
Convertible Bond Example • • •
• •
Note that at nodes D, E and F, calling or converting is not relevant because it does not change the bond value since the bond is already essentially equity At node B, it can be shown that the issuer finds it optimal to call the bond If the bond is indeed called by the issuer, bondholders are left with the choice between not converting and getting the call price ($1,100), or converting and getting $20x58.09=1,161.8$, which is what they optimally choose This is less than $1,191.13, the value of the convertible bond if it were not called, and this is precisely why it is called by the issuer Eventually, the value at node A, i.e., the present fair value of the convertible bond, is computed as $1,115.41
Convertible Bond Allowing for Stochastic Interest Rates Common Stock Price Tree $9 $8
Interest Rate Tree
4.5% 4.0%
4.0% 3.6% 3.2%
$10 $12 $11
Convertible Bonds Convertible Arbitrage • Convertible arbitrage strategies attempt to exploit anomalies in prices of corporate securities that are convertible into common stocks • Roughly speaking, if the issuer does well, the convertible bond behaves like a stock, if the issuer does poorly, the convertible bond behaves like distressed debt • Convertible bonds tends to be under-priced because of market segmentation: investors discount securities that are likely to change types
Convertible Bonds Convertible Arbitrage • Convertible arbitrage hedge fund managers typically buy (or sometimes sell) these securities and then hedge part or all of the associated risks by shorting the stock • Take for example Internet company AOL's zero coupon converts due Dec. 6, 2019 – These bonds are convertible into 5.8338 shares of AOL stock – With AOL common stock trading at $34.80 on Dec. 31, 2000, the conversion value was $203 (=5.8338 x 34.80) – As the conversion value is significantly below the investment value (calculated at $450.20), the investment value dominated and the convertible traded at $474.10 – When, or if, the stock trades above $77.15, the conversion value will dominate the pricing of the convertible because it will be in excess of the investment value
Convertible Bonds Mechanism • • •
In a typical convertible bond arbitrage position, the hedge fund is not only long the convertible bond position, but also short an appropriate amount of the underlying common stock The number of shares shorted by the hedge fund manager is designed to match or offset the sensitivity of the convertible bond to common stock price changes As the stock price decreases, the amount lost on the long convertible position is countered by the amount gained on the short stock position, theoretically creating a stable net position value As the stock price increases, the amount gained on the long convertible position is countered by the amount lost on the short stock position, theoretically creating a stable net position value This is known as delta hedging
Convertible Bonds Mechanism
Convertible Bond Price
Convertible Bond
Delta =
Change in Price of Conv Bond Change in Price of Stock
Parity =
Stock Price Conversion Ratio
Stock Price
Convertible Bonds Mechanism • • •
In the AOL example, the delta for the convertible is approximately 50% This means that for every $1 change in the conversion value, the convertible bond price changes by 50 cents To delta hedge the equity exposure in this bond we need to short half the number of shares that the bond converts into, for example 2.9 shares (5.8338\2) The combined long convertible bond/short stock position should be relatively insensitive to small changes in the price of AOL's stock Over-hedging is sometimes appropriate when there is concern about default, as the excess short position may partially hedge against a reduction in credit quality
Convertible Bonds Risks Involved •
Because a convertible bond is essentially a bond plus an option to switch so that these strategies will typically – – – –
The risks involved relate to – – – –
• • •
make money if expected volatility increases (long vega) make money if the stock price increases rapidly (long gamma) pay time-decay (short theta) make money if the credit quality of the issuer improves (short the credit differential) changes in the price of the underlying stock (equity market risk) changes in the interest rate level (fixed income market risk) changes in the expected volatility of the stock (volatility risk) changes in the credit standing of the issuer (credit risk)
The convertible bond market as a whole is also prone to liquidity risk as demand can dry up periodically, and bid/ask spreads on bonds can widen significantly There is also the risk that the HF manager will be unable to sustain the short position in the underlying common shares In addition, convertible arbitrage hedge funds use varying degrees of leverage, which can magnify both risks and returns
Options on Bonds Terminology • An option is a contract in which the seller (writer) grants the buyer the right to purchase from, or sell to, the seller an underlying asset (here a bond) at a specified price within a specified period of time • The seller grants this right to the buyer in exchange for a certain sum of money called the option price or option premium • The price at which the instrument may be bought or sold is called the exercise or strike price • The date after which an option is void is called the expiration date – An American option may be exercised any time up to and including the expiration date – A European option may be exercised only on the expiration date
Options on Bonds Factors that Influence Option Prices • Current price of underlying security – As the price of the underlying bond increases, the value of a call option rises and the value of a put option falls
• Strike price – Call (put) options become more (less) valuable as the exercise price decreases
• Time to expiration – For American options, the longer the time to expiration, the higher the option price because all exercise opportunities open to the holder of the short-life option are also open to the holder of the long-life option
• Short-term risk-free interest rate – Price of call option on bond increases and price of put option on bond decreases as short-term interest rate rises (through impact on bond price)
• Expected volatility of yields (or prices) – As the expected volatility of yields over the life of the option increases, the price of the option will also increase
Options on Bonds Pricing • Options on long-term bonds – Interest payments are similar to dividends. – Otherwise, long-term bonds are like options on stock: – We can use Black-Scholes as in options on dividend-paying equity
• Options on short-term bonds – They do not pay dividends – Problem: they are not like a stock because they quickly converge to par – We cannot directly apply Black-Scholes
• Other shortcomings of standard option pricing models – Assumption of a constant short-term rate is inappropriate for bond options – Assumption of a constant volatility is also inappropriate: as a bond moves closer to maturity, its price volatility decline
Options on Bonds Pricing • A solution to avoid the problem is to consider an interest rate model, as described in Chapter 12 – The following figure shows a tree for the 1-year rate of interest (calibrated to the current TS) – The figure also shows the values for a discount bond (par = 100) at each node in the tree 7.5% Interest rates
7% 6.5%
6.5% 6%
5.5% 5%
Bond prices
4.5% 100
93 100
88.2 94
89.8 95
Options on Bonds Pricing • Consider a 2-year European call on this 3-year bond struck at 93.5 • Start by computing the value at the end of the tree – If by the end of the 2nd year the short-term rate has risen to 7% and the bond is trading at 93, the option will expire worthless – If the bond is trading at 94 (corresponding to a short-term rate of 6%) the call option is worth 0.5 – If the bond is trading at 95 (short-term rate = 5%), the call is worth 1.5
• Working our way backward the tree
1 ( .5 × 0 + .5 × .5) = .2347 Cu = 1 + 6.5% 1 ( .5 × .5 + .5 ×1.5) = .9479 Cl = 1 + 5.5% 1 ( .5 × Cu + .5 × Cd ) = .5573 C0 = 1 + 6%
Options on Bonds Put-Call Parity • • •
Assumption no coupon payments and no premature exercise Consider a portfolio where we purchase one zero coupon bond, one put European option, and sell (write) one European call option (same time to maturity T and the same strike price X) Payoff at date T BT < X: You hold the bond: The call option is worthless: The put option is worth: Thus, your net position is:
You hold the bond: The call option is worth: The put option is worthless: Thus, your net position is:
Options on Bonds Put-Call Parity – Con't • No matter what state of the world obtains at the expiration date, the portfolio will be worth X • Thus, the payoff from the portfolio is risk-free, and we can discount its value at the risk-free rate r • We obtain the call-put relationship
B0 + C0 − P0 = Xe − rT ⇒ P0 = B0 + C0 − Xe − rT • For coupon bonds
P0 = B0 + C0 − Xe − rT − PV (Coupons )
FIXED-INCOME SECURITIES Chapter 14 • Options on Bonds • Convertible Bonds – Institutional Aspects – Valuation – Uses – Institutional Aspects...


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After a successful year-long pilot program, the Defense Department is implementing a digital mail service that cuts down on processing time and improves accountability. The new program is part of several DOD-wide efforts in business management reform.
Online delivery options for physical mail will affect roughly 27,000 DOD employees, according to a Federal News Radio report.
The Defense Post Office currently processes about 13,000 pieces of mail every day; the Digital Delivery Mail System (DDMS) cuts the time for manual processing by three hours, a DOD announcement noted.
The mail is automatically sorted, and images of each piece are scanned and entered into a central system. Employees can then log into a secure, web-based system that allows them to view their mail and determine what to do with it – deliver physically or digitally, discard or return to sender.
The electronic system improves accountability by creating a virtual paper trail; it also increases security.
"Automated tracking records and digital imaging of the incoming mail enhanced security protocols and has provided a clear picture of the volume and type of mail received daily at the Pentagon," the DOD release, posted on the Correspondence Management Division's website, stated.
According to DOD, the new system will increase speed, security, and productivity, improve continuity of operations and reduce costs over time.
A March 2012 Congressional report on defense business operations highlighted the program as one of its success stories as DOD endeavors to overhaul its business management systems and increase efficiencies.
"Even as the department strives to improve its internal processes, better rationalize its information technology investments and manage its risks, defense business systems are providing real and tangible benefits to its operations in an increasingly technological 21st century environment," DOD Deputy Chief Management Officer Elizabeth McGrath wrote in the report's introductory notes.
About the Author
Amber Corrin is a former staff writer for FCW and Defense Systems.
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The Modernizing Government Technology Act passed the House of Representatives on a voice vote, but the Senate outlook is less certain.
The revised IT modernization bill will cost $500 million to implement, according to the Congressional Budget Office.
The head of U.S. Cyber Command told senators that the Trump administration is looking to speed up the tempo of cyber operations.
As the Census Bureau stares down a critical and jam-packed 2017 schedule, Director John Thompson announced his retirement, effective June 30.
Concerns about the Trump administration's plans for the 2018 budget and slow pace of appointments are showing up in contractor earnings calls.
Unexpected cost overruns to critical systems and decisions to cancel or suspend various programs risk eating into the $5 billion in savings proposed by Census Bureau for its 2020 count.
8251 Greensboro Drive, Suite 510, McLean, VA 22102 | 703-876-5100
© 1996-2017 1105 Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.


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2077 Aerotech Dr, Colorado Springs, CO, 80916, United States of America, 855-238-1591
Hampton Inn Colorado Springs Airport, Colorado Springs
No-frills Colorado Springs hotel with indoor pool
- Free hot/cold buffet breakfast, free WiFi, and free parking
Main amenities
- 80 smoke-free guestrooms
- Indoor pool
- Free airport shuttle
- Fitness center
- Business center
- 24-hour front desk
- Air conditioning
- Front desk safe
- ATM/banking services
- Laundry service
- Multilingual staff
For families
- Free cribs/infant beds
- Private bathroom
- Premium TV channels
- Free toiletries
- Laundry facilities
- Iron/ironing board
What's around
- National Museum of WWII Aviation (2.2 mi / 3.5 km)
- United States Olympic Complex (5.8 mi / 9.3 km)
- Peterson Air Force Base (3.9 mi / 6.2 km)
- Williams Fire Museum (4.1 mi / 6.6 km)
- Peterson Air and Space Museum (4.2 mi / 6.7 km)
See all 188 Hotels.com reviews
Value for money
Best value for money
Fantastic service
Tasty breakfast
Great location
TripAdvisor Traveller Rating: 4
From 397 reviews
Hampton Inn Colorado Springs Airport, Colorado Springs
Hotel Info: 855-238-1591from $189
- One king study sofabed non smoking
- One King Bed, Smoking
- Room, Accessible, Non Smoking
- Room, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking
- Room, Accessible, Non Smoking
- Suite, 1 King Bed, Non Smoking
- Two Queen Beds, Smoking
- Two queen beds non smoking
- One King Bed, Non-Smoking
More great choices
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 80 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 3 floors
- Check-in time starts at 3 PM
- Check-out time is noon
Airport shuttle service is available at scheduled times. Contact the property in advance to get details.
Required at check in
- Minimum check-in age is 21
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free airport shuttle at scheduled times *
- Free self parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
In the hotel
Food and drink
- Free hot/cold buffet breakfast daily
Things to do
- Indoor pool
- Fitness facilities
- Spa tub
- Hiking/biking trails nearby
Working away
- Business center
- 24-hour front desk
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Laundry facilities
- Multilingual staff
- Elevator/lift
- ATM/banking
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Accessible bathroom
- In-room accessibility
- Roll-in shower
In the room
Home comforts
- Air conditioning
- Coffee/tea maker
- Iron/ironing board
Freshen up
- Private bathroom
- Bathtub or shower
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
Be entertained
- 27-inch LCD TV
- Premium TV channels
Stay connected
- Desk
- Free weekday newspaper
- Free WiFi
Also popular with travelers from the USA
Hampton Inn Colorado Springs Airport, Colorado Springs's small print
Also known as
- Hampton Inn Colorado Springs Airport
- Hampton Inn Hotel Colorado Springs Airport
- Colorado Springs Hampton Inn
- Hampton Inn Colorado Springs
- Hampton Inn Colorado Springs Airport Hotel
For transfers, guests must contact the property before arrival at the number on the booking confirmation.
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Recent reviews
Excellent 4.1 /5 from 188 reviews
Hampton Inn Colorado Springs Airport, Colorado Springs
My first Hilton experience. It was nice. Really friendly staff. You get a fridge. No microwave. There is a hot tub on site. On site laundry but $2.50 to wash and $2.50 to dry with only one washer and dryer. And it smelled like a dirty diaper in the small room. The Fairfield only charges $1 to wash and a $1 to dry with two washers and two dryers. Even the raddison only charges $1.50 to wash and a $1.50 to dry with two washers and dryers on every floor. Love the extended breakfast hours. Most breakfasts end at 9am. This place it was 10am. Room had a lot of outlets which was great. When checked in, blind was broken, handle to compartment that housed fridge broken, thermostat needed a battery but staff corrected quickly.
Hampton Inn Colorado Springs Airport, Colorado Springs
B. Becker review.
It was an enjoyable stay. The breakfast food could have been a little fresher, but all in all a nice stay. Clean rooms and bathroom. Would definitely stay here again.
Hampton Inn Colorado Springs Airport, Colorado Springs
Awesome rooms! Clean!
Very nice hotel! Great room! Very clean! We had to stay there after we vacated our rental property, before moving to Texas.. Highly recommend! Much better than a Holiday inn express we stayed in another night.
Hampton Inn Colorado Springs Airport, Colorado Springs
Definitely will stay here again!
Wonderful stay! Very clean and modern design with great amenities.
Hampton Inn Colorado Springs Airport, Colorado Springs
We had a wonderful stay. Hotel was clean and staff incredibly helpful. The thermostat in our room did not work properly and the staff took care of our concern without issue. Will stay here again.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


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Sunday, September 12, 2010
Happy Weekend
5 comments:
Sounds blissful! :)ReplyDelete
We managed three batches of fresh pasta, turned 20kg of tomatoes into passata, started to plant out bed #3 and attended a gala magic show on Friday night. But oh, how I wish I had the energy to attack my sewing/junk room - it desperately needs a clean up!
Christine, what a lovely sounding weekend. I feel relaxed just reading about it. Your girl looks beautiful in her costume too.ReplyDelete
and funky top for you Mama!ReplyDelete
I meant to compliment you on the Pow Wow costume - great work! What did you use? Ultrasuede?ReplyDelete
Thanks, ladies. Wow, 20kg of tomatoes, Celia! How on earth did you have enough energy to put towards anything else after this?! Yikes! Costume was made out of thin jersey, nice'n'simple ;)ReplyDelete
Thanks, Brydie, she had a great time :)
Hi there, so nice of you to stop by! Thanks for sharing your thoughts, I love hearing what you are up to. Christine x


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About Financial Observer
Launched in February 2013, financialobserver is dedicated to providing daily news and other in-depth content to Australian financial services professionals and investors.
Financialobserver's editorial content is focused on providing news and insights to financial planners, accountants, fund managers, superannuation professionals and wealth managers.
As well as its daily news and e-newsletter offering, financialobserver also provides content from market and industry experts as well as greater editorial coverage on the topics that matter to our readers.
Financialobserver is edited by Sarah Kendell.
Financialobserver's publisher Benchmark Media was founded in late 2012 by Darin Tyson-Chan, the former managing editor of Morningstar Media, which published InvestorDaily, SMSF, IFA and Investor Weekly.
Read more about Benchmark Media.
Video: 2017 budget considerations
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|Mobile Phone, Android
|May 27, 2017
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|online examination portal multiinstitute
|Note:- Before Placing Bid see our attachement and our budjet is fix. if you can do complete project in this budjet then only bid We need a online examination system for external or internal exam. It's a multi Institute and test center login system. Every institute and test center can see only own student record. Every institute can upload own test can import test from server. for bett...
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|We have a solution based on MS-Excel and SQl Server. Aktually we need some improvements. 1) Create a SQL Server database somwhere in the internet. It should be nearly free for 4 weeks. We will use the database to transfer the results. 2) 2.1) Create Trigger for 5 tables. Each time a record ist created, updated or deleted: Write Information to a Shadow table. 2.2) If the shadow table ha...
|Visual Basic, Excel, SQL, Microsoft SQL Server
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|My Computer Help Project - 16/04/2017 16:47 EDT
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|Write some Python software that that will query JIRA, enrich retrieved issue data with some reference data from a CSV file, and finally export and email CSV file of issue data to nominated email addresses. Software function in more detail: - AWS Lambda runs at a scheduled time each day - Loads client/job reference data file (CSV) from S3 and reads it into a data structure that may be looked u...
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|I need someone who can type up a good business plan. I have a record business that just started and I need a good business plan to give to investors.
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|Hi, I am a web developer who needs help in creating approximately 20 new pages on a Wordpress website. The website is created with the DIVI theme. So you must be familiar with this theme. You will get all the new pages in PSD files and create them with the Divi builder + CSS and maybe some HTML. Very easy to do project. Skills required - A MUST: 1. proficiency in PHP 2. proficiency in HTM...
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Trains provide a much more efficient way of travel than walking, strapping 500 Hot Wheels to the bottom of a boat, or pulling onto the highway with a kite-drawn chariot. Relish in innovative voyaging vessels with todays Groupon to the Museum of Transportation. Choose from the following options:
Founded in 1944, the Museum of Transportation transports visitors to the horse-powered past with more than 70 locomotivesincluding a mid-1800s Union Pacific track riderand more than 200 road vehicles, such as a car built in 1901 by the St. Louis Motor Carriage Company. Boasting what Frommer's calls one of the most complete collections of American rail power anywhere, the Museum of Transportation displays Big Boy, the largest successful steam engine ever built, and has one of the first manmade railroad tunnels west of the Mississippi River on its property. Pint-size patrons can speed toward the Creation Station, a hands-on learning center for children 5 and younger (additional $1.50 admission fee not included), and motor maniacs can visit the museum during one of the car shows, with future themes including the All-Chevy Show and the Oldsmobile Fun Show. Also included in todays Groupon are tickets for the miniature-train ride, which departs daily.
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How overseas education consultant helps you?
It is important to understand that the overseas educational consultants can provide you some of the most effective solutions even at the most quirkiest situations. These consultants are highly dedicated towards providing education consultancy services to Indian students so as to make educational avenues abroad accessible to them.
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MOUNTAIN AREA — Smoke from the Elm Fire near Hwy 198 in Coalinga is affecting air quality in the western portion of the San Joaquin Valley and has the potential to impact Fresno, Kings and the western portions of Kern County. Currently, smoke impacts originally concentrated in the foothill areas to the west of the air basin have moved to the ...Read More »
Articles about Cal Fire
New Fire Truck Demonstrated At Board Of Supervisors Meeting
MADERA COUNTY — The Madera County Board of Supervisors learned first-hand the capabilities of the new T-Rex, the articulating platform ladder fire truck, soon to be put into service at Station 8 in Coarsegold. During today's regular Board meeting, MMU Cal Fire Division Chief Dave Allen gave the supervisors a close-up look at the new truck, which was acquired to ...Read More »
Half-A-Dozen Fires Keep Firefighters Busy
COARSEGOLD — A fire burning at the edge of Yosemite Lakes Park near the dam at Black Hawk Lake has been contained. Just before 4 p.m., as mop-up was being completed at the Garnet Fire on Road 400, firefighters were dispatched to the end of Patrick Avenue for another vegetation fire. A resident who was out for a run along ...Read More »
Firefighters Respond To Yet Another Escaped Burn Pile
COARSEGOLD — "Just because it's a burn day doesn't mean it's safe to burn." It's a warning given often by fire officials, but not necessarily heeded by residents. Firefighters responded today to yet another escaped burn pile, this one just outside Yosemite Lakes Park on Road 400 near Garnet Creek Lane. At about 2:20 p.m., crews were dispatched to the ...Read More »
Are You Doing The Right Thing The Wrong Way?
CENTRAL SIERRA – The last thing you want to do while working to protect your home from wildfire is to cause one, or to be billed for suppression efforts made necessary by negligent actions, and unintended consequences. During the dry fire-prone months, mountain area residents are extra diligent in keeping the dry weeds cut and under control in an effort ...Read More »
Escaped Burn Pile Threatens Homes In Yosemite Lakes Park
COARSEGOLD — A burn pile that escaped the control of a homeowner today in Yosemite Lakes Park, sparked a vegetation fire in a neighborhood on Glacier Court. At 12:10 p.m. firefighters were called out to reports of a grass fire threatening several homes in an area just off Yosemite Springs Parkway. Cal Fire Engines 4255, 4294 and 4295 responded, along with ...Read More »
It's Wildfire Awareness Week – Are You Ready For Wildfire?
MARIPOSA — After a destructive fire season in 2016, conditions in California are already drying out, prompting Governor Edmund G. Brown, Jr., to declare May 7 – 13, 2017 as "Wildfire Awareness Week." During Wildfire Awareness Week, Cal Fire is stressing the critical role all residents play in preparing for fire season now. Approximately 90 percent of all wildfires in ...Read More »
Cal Fire Receives FAA Award for Sixth Year In A Row
SACRAMENTO – For a sixth year in a row the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) presented Cal Fire and DynCorp International with the FAA's Diamond Award of Excellence for Aviation Maintenance. The award recognizes Cal Fire's aviation maintenance technicians after passing the difficult aircraft safety training program. More than 75 technicians were recognized and each awarded with the William (Bill) O'Brian ...Read More »
Permit Required For Burning In Mariposa County
MARIPOSA COUNTY — The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (Cal Fire) Madera-Mariposa-Merced Unit (MMU) has announced effective at 8 a.m. Monday, May 1, all hazard reduction burning will require a permit in Mariposa County. Permits are required year round in Madera County. The following guidelines are required when conducting a hazard reduction burn: Property owners conducting hazard reduction burning ...Read More »
Last Chance To Register For Reforestation Workshop
OAKHURST — There are still a few spots open for the Reforestation Workshop, available to private forest land owners and foresters on Thursday, Apr. 27, from 9 a.m. to noon at the Oakhurst Community Library. Cal Fire, the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) and UC Extension, in partnership with Madera County District 5 Supervisor Tom Wheeler's office, will be hosting ...Read More »


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Becoming Campesinos: Politics, Identity and Agrarian Struggle in Postrevolutionary Michoacan, 1920-1935 by Christopher R. Boyer (Paperback, 2003)
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About this product
- DescriptionBecoming Campesis argues that the formation of the campesi as both a political category and a cultural identity in Mexico was one of the most enduring legacies of the great revolutionary upheavals that began in 1910. Challenging the assumption that rural peoples naturally share a sense of cultural solidarity and political consciousness because of their subordinate social status, the author maintains that the particular understanding of popular-class unity conveyed by the term campesi originated in the interaction of post-revolutionary ideologies and agrarian militancy during the 1920s and 1930s. The book uses oral histories, archival documents, and partisan newspapers to trace the history of one movement born of this dynamic-agrarismo in the state of Michoacan. The author argues that the interaction of grassroots militancy and political mobilization from the top meant that the rural populace entered the political sphere, t as indigeus people or rural proletarians, but as a class-like social category of campesis.
- Author BiographyChristopher R. Boyer is Assistant Professor of History and Latin American and Latino Studies at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
Key Features
- Author(s)Christopher R. Boyer
- PublisherStanford University Press
- Date of Publication12/03/2003
- LanguageEnglish
- FormatPaperback
- SubjectRegional History
Publication Data
- Place of PublicationPalo Alto
- Country of PublicationUnited States
- ImprintStanford University Press
- Content Noteblack & white illustrations
- Weight440 g
- Width152 mm
- Height229 mm
- Spine19 mm
Editorial Details
- Format DetailsTrade paperback (US)
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Eclectic, Menu
Crispy beer battered Icelandic cod served with rémoulade sauce, coleslaw and freshly made chips or fries.
Lightly blackened salmon fillet, zucchini linguine, tossed in pesto, fresh basil and extra virgin olive oil
Cheddar, gouda, fontina and beef bristket
Pick any one sandwich, burger, taco or 8" pizza
Fresh mozzarella and parmesan cheeses, roma tomatoes and fresh basil topped with a balsamic honey glaze.
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text: Eliska Eliska is 44 years old female from Most, Czech Republic. She is interested in meet new people. 44, female, most Likes: 172x Facebook profile Who s/he liked? Send message Favorite May she/he ask you for a date? Never Maybe Sure Relationship: ShowSexuality: ShowHeight: ShowWeight: ShowBody type: ShowEye color: ShowHair color: ShowLiving: ShowKids: ShowSmoking: ShowDrinking: Show Report photo Sign up to see all photos Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest Similar users Julie 40, Huntsville 1249 Music80'sGuess Helen 42, New York 737 Pasta Jennifer 41, Muskegon 642 Pop Veronica 41, Houston 699 Rose 42, Houston 979 bahman 43, San Jose 135 Mana 45, Valdosta 574 Regina 46, Atlanta 391 Nancy Ann Klett 42, New York 419