text:
An image processing method for changing endoscope direction based on pupil movement
DOI: 10.1186/s40648-016-0042-6
© Cao et al. 2016
Received: 29 March 2015
Accepted: 11 January 2016
Published: 22 January 2016
Increased attention has been focused on laparoscopic surgery because of its minimal invasiveness and improved cosmetic properties. However, the procedure of laparoscopic surgery is considerably difficult for surgeons, thus paving the way for the introduction of robotic technology to reduce the surgeon's burden. Thus, we have developed a single-port surgery assistive robot with a master–slave structure that has two surgical manipulators and a sheath manipulator for the alteration of endoscope direction. During the development of the surgical robotic system, achieving intuitive operation is very important. In this paper, we propose a new laparoscope manipulator control system based on the movement of the pupils to enhance intuitive operability. We achieve this using a webcam and an image processing method. After the pupil movement data are obtained, the master computer transforms these data into an output signal, and then the slave computer receives and uses that signal to drive the robot. The details of the system and the pupil detection procedure are explained. The aim of the present experiment is to verify the effectiveness of the image processing method applied to the alteration of endoscope direction control system. For this purpose, we need to determine an appropriate pupil motion activation threshold to begin the sheath manipulator's movement. We used four kinds of activation threshold, measuring the time cost of a particular operation: to move the image of the endoscope to a specific target position. Moreover, we identified an appropriate activation threshold that can be used to determine whether the endoscope is moving.
KeywordsNon-rigid face tracking Single-port endoscopic surgery Master–slave structure Image processing Double-screw-drive mechanism Activation threshold
Laparoscopic surgery is a technique whereby a laparoscope and surgical instruments are inserted into the patient's body through an artificial or natural body cavity, followed by the surgeon operating the instruments based on the monitor image captured by the laparoscope [1]. Laparoscopic surgery has many advantages, such as shorter hospitalization times, lower physical burden on patients and cosmetic improvement [2] compared with open surgery. Although laparoscopic surgery has many advantages for patients as described above, the difficulty of performing the technique is so high that surgeons need to carry out long-term training at a special medical training center. Even if they have experienced professional training, they still suffer from high mental stress during operations, which may reduce their dexterity or judgment [3]. One of the causes of such problems is that laparoscopic surgery requires another operator to hold the laparoscope for the surgeon. Therefore, the coordination between operators has a significant effect on the process and result of laparoscopic surgery [4].
To tackle the problems mentioned above, robotic technology is an effective solution. Naviot [5] provides surgeons with the possibility of solo surgery, and requires the surgeon to use one hand to hold a controller when they need to alter the direction of the laparoscope. The Da Vinci Surgical System [6] can change the control mode between the surgical manipulator and the endoscopic manipulator for the operator using a foot pedal. However, such methods do not allow the surgeon to alter the operative field while simultaneously manipulating tissue [7].
Other systems, like the automatic endoscope optimal positioning system (AESOP) from Computer Motion Inc. [8] and ViKY EP [9] use a voice control system to allow the operator to control the robotic endoscopic holder. However, rather than being helped by voice control, surgical time is actually often increased because of its slow response [10].
Alongside voice control, eye-tracking is a further intuitive hands-free method that can be used as an input signal for manipulating the laparoscope holder. As a practical example, Ubeda et al. [11] used the electrooculography signal from electrodes attached around the user's eye to control a manipulator. In the video-oculography field, Noonan, et al. [12] used a stand-alone eye tracker to alter the laparoscope direction based on gaze.
Single port surgery (SPS) is one of form of laparoscopic surgery that requires only one incision port. SPS has attracted increasing attention from patients because of its cosmetic advantages [13]. Although robots enhance the performance of standardized laparoscopic techniques [14], current systems, including those mentioned in the previous paragraphs, are not suitable for SPS because they require multiple incisions. Therefore, our laboratory has developed two prototypes of an SPS assistive robot system. Prototype 1 [15] uses respective controllers for tool manipulators and laparoscope direction; in Prototype 2 [16], the control mode can be changed between tool manipulators and endoscope direction by pushing a foot pedal like in the Da Vinci Surgical System [6].
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a control method for the alteration of endoscope direction using pupil-tracking into the Prototype 2 [16] system, which is achieved via image processing and the use of a webcam. The system will translate the obtained image data into an output signal. We propose a threshold for pupil movement distance: the sheath manipulator, which is used for the alteration of endoscope direction, activates when the user's pupil movement distance exceeds a threshold value; the manipulator remains in a static state when the pupil movement distance is below the threshold. Therefore, an appropriate threshold for the output signal needs to be determined to judge whether the movement state of the sheath manipulator is dynamic or static. To determine this, we tested four threshold values one by one in a horizontal movement experiment. The experimental outcome variable was the completion time of moving the field of view to a specific target, so that the most appropriate threshold could be judged from the minimum completion time. The first part of this paper will describe how we obtain the pupil movement data. Then, the general system framework, including how the system integration is achieved, will be discussed. The second half of this paper describes an experiment to verify the effectiveness of the system and obtain a proper activation threshold value, which is important for the operability of pupil tracking.
Acquisition method of pupil movement
Applying non-rigid face tracking
Image capture
Geometrical constraints
Training image patches
Pupil tracking
Besides up–down movement and left–right movement, human eye movement also includes some unconscious movements such as blinking, saccade and tremble [23]. The output signal caused by these movements is regarded as noise by the control system. Therefore, the moving average method was used to filter the noise signal. The average value was calculated from 10 samples and the window size of the filter was 400 (ms). As a result, the frequency of pupil tracking was 25 Hz.
P indicates the gain value and P∙Tcycle = 800.
Performance analysis
As mentioned in the previous research, the frequency of image processing was 25 (Hz), and therefore the time delay was 40 (ms). A frequency equal to or greater than 25 (Hz) is regarded as real-time [24, 25]. Moreover, the response of the manipulator was less than 100 (ms) [15]. Therefore, the overall delay was acceptable because it did not exceed 330 (ms), which was estimated as the maximum time delay compatible with the safe performance of surgical manipulations [26].
Before we design an experiment for determining the proper activation threshold value, we need to decide the range of D/t. If D/t is too big, the user has to rotate their eyes to move their gaze out of the screen; if D/t is too small, the sheath manipulator will activate even when the user keeps their eyes static. Therefore, three participants, engineering graduate students without glasses, tested the performance of the pupil-tracking method. During this test, we requested that the participants perform three kinds of eye motions: rotating the eyes to a maximum angle as much as possible, gazing at the edge of the monitor, and keeping the eyes static and gazing straight. Meanwhile, we recorded the variations in D and ΔX.
First of all, we made personal tracker models for each of the three participants as in the procedures mentioned in the previous sections. Then, we requested the participants to perform the three kinds of eye motions.
In the next section, we needed to identify an appropriate activation threshold that could be used to determine whether the sheath manipulator was moving or not. Using the above results, we confirmed that the activation threshold should be selected from a range between D/7 and D/25.
Purpose of the experiment
The aim of the present experiment is to verify the effectiveness of the image processing method applied to the sheath manipulator control system. Moreover, to judge whether the sheath manipulator is dynamic or static, an appropriate output signal threshold needs to be obtained. In this experiment, the activation thresholds in four conditions were evaluated using operation time.
Sheath manipulator
Communication between master and slave
The master computer was installed with Windows XP. The pupil-tracking program we proposed was merged into the operating system of prototype 2 and was compiled with Visual Studio 2008. As shown in Fig. 19, the Infrared LED webcam mounted on the master side initially captures the images. After this, the pupil movement data are extracted from the captured images by the pupil-tracking program and are then converted into an output signal for controlling the servomotor. Subsequently, the output signal is sent to the slave via UDP. After receiving the output signal, the slave computer activates the servomotors to drive the double-screw-drive mechanisms [15], thus adjusting the direction of the endoscope.
Experimental conditions
Experimental procedure
- (a)
The activation threshold was set for the control system.
- (b)
The system was tested as to whether it altered direction with the participant's pupil movement (Additional file 1).
- (c)Initialization: the image center of the endoscope was changed to match "point 0" (Fig. 22).
- (d)
Each participant moved the image center of the endoscope from "point 0" to "point 3" four times, and from "point 0" to "point 4" four times. The time cost of every trial was recorded.
- (e)
The threshold value was changed and the above flow from step a to step c was repeated.
The change order was D/14, D/18, D/22 and D/24.
For the present experiment, it was important that the system reflected the operator's viewing intention so that the participants could confirm their location during the experiment. To judge whether the sheath manipulator was in the static state, each participant verbally confirmed when the operation was completed, i.e., when the image center of the endoscope had reached the target and stopped. Thus, the time measurement ended when the participant replied that the movement was complete.
Results and discussion
For the alteration of the endoscope direction operation system based on pupil position tracking, the shortest operation time was when the activation threshold value was equal to D/22. Similarly, the standard deviation values were smallest in both experiments when that threshold value was selected. Therefore, it is appropriate to use D/22 as an activation threshold for the operation system of the proposed SPS robot. In addition, we found that operating the sheath manipulator via pupil tracking can provide good stability and response when an appropriate threshold value is used. Also, the period between blinks was 6–8 s [28], which prevents the eye from fatiguing and from drying out. We observed an obvious difference for operation time and standard deviation in the D/22 condition in the two experiments. [29, 30] suggested that the center of monitor image should be aligned to the center of operative field. If the target points: "point 0", "point 3" or "point" is projected on the center of monitor image, ΔX will not exceed the activation threshold value. Therefore, the operator can stop the desired target position. The limitation of this experiment is that the numbers of participants and conditions were both rather small. Therefore, there is limited evidence to support the optimal threshold value. Moreover, the accurate relationship between the motion of the manipulator and the movement of the pupils was not confirmed. After causal analysis, we found that the difference arose from the intertwining flexible shafts that are set between the manipulators and servomotors; such a situation affects the stability and speed of rotation. As a solution to this problem, these flexible shafts need to be sheathed in pipes or fixed on a fixation device so as to avoid intertwining. Furthermore, we hope to achieve better pupil tracking in the vertical direction by using a higher resolution webcam.
- 1.
The proposed system is more intuitive than voice-control and pedals. The surgeons certainly need a hand-free strategy to manipulate the endoscope. Using webcam and image processing is a good approach because it does not require the surgeons to be attached to additional devices, which may increase their burden during an operation.
- 2.
The proposed system is useful because the manipulator will stop when the center of the visual field aligns with the target. One of the fundamentals of manipulating the endoscope is aligning the center of the visual field with the center of operation.
- 3.
The horizontal alternation of the visual field is greater than the vertical, but the vertical alternation is still indispensable.
- 4.
A zoom function is indispensable for an endoscopic control system when the surgeon is performing a delicate operation. For example, the surgeon would ideally like to zoom in the visual field when they are peeling the tissue from around a vessel. Moreover, in a future system, it would be better to be able to adjust the rate of visual field alternation according to the magnification of the lens.
- 5.
An emergency stop button is an indispensable part of the system, which is used to avoid a collision between the endoscope and tissue.
In this paper, a hands-free technique for controlling the alteration of endoscope direction using a pupil-tracking method via an image processing method was introduced. The novelty of the proposed method is its ability to achieve pupil tracking because the variation in distance of both intraocular angles and pupils could be obtained from the tracking trajectory. In this method, an appropriate output signal threshold needs to be obtained for judging whether the sheath manipulator, which alters the endoscope direction, is dynamic or static. An experiment was performed to verify the effectiveness of the image processing method applied to the sheath manipulator control system, and the activation threshold of the control system had to be determined and used for the horizontal direction movement of the sheath manipulator. We found an activation threshold value that fulfils stability and response simultaneously. This time, we only verified the horizontal direction because of the limitations of our method. At present, it is quite difficult for the sheath manipulator to make vertical movements, because the vertical movement range of the eye is much less than its horizontal movement range. To realize vertical direction movement, we need a higher resolution webcam to detect the relatively small vertical movement of the eyes. As surgeons pointed out, a zoom function is indispensable for endoscope manipulation. Thus, using only the pupil position parameter as shown in this experiment is not sufficient to achieve the zoom function. In future work, we aim to develop an algorithm that includes a large number of operating conditions to judge the movement state and achieve more types of movements. Also, we will improve the current control system based on the surgeons' suggestions. Furthermore, we also plan to invite surgeons and medical trainees to be participants in the manipulation experiments.
automatic endoscope optimal positioning system
graphical user interface
user datagram protocol
Authors' contributions
YC derived the basic concept of the overall system, technically constructed the system and drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The authors sincerely thank the volunteers for participating in our experiments. The work was supported in part by a research grant from JSPS Global COE Program: Global Robot Academia, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) No. 20339716, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) No.25220005, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research No. 15K12606 and the Program for Leading Graduate Schools, "Graduate Program for Embodiment Informatics" of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Authors' Affiliations
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Report Urges Detroit to Pursue New Financial Agreement with State
The Detroit City Council has been advised to push for another consent agreement with the state to fix the city's financial crisis rather than the state appointment of an emergency financial manager, according to a report jointly issued by two council departments.
By Joe Guillen
The Detroit City Council has been advised to push for another consent agreement with the state to fix the city's financial crisis rather than the state appointment of an emergency financial manager, according to a report jointly issued by two council departments.
The report, given to the council Friday and obtained by the Free Press, calls into question certain findings that a state review team reached last week that concluded Detroit is in a financial emergency without a plan to fix itself.
The report, prepared by the council's Fiscal Analysis Division and the Research and Analysis Division, cites progress made under the current consent agreement and touts new powers to change expired labor contracts that city officials will have when the state's new financial emergency manager law takes effect in late March.
"This (new) consent agreement could give the city nine to 12 months to demonstrate continued progress with the implementation of additional changes," the report says.
But the council is still trying to figure out exactly how it wants to respond to the review team's findings, and time is running out. Gov. Rick Snyder has said he could make a decision about appointing an emergency financial manager as early as this week.
"Time is not on our side," Councilman Andre Spivey said Wednesday.
A closed-door council meeting to discuss a response was canceled Tuesday after the Free Press raised questions about the legality of the session, citing the Open Meetings Act. At its regular public meeting today, the council is to consider scheduling another closed session to discuss its response.
Several members of the council have voiced opposition to an emergency financial manager and several told the Free Press in December, long before the review team's report, that another consent agreement would be the best option.
Earlier this week, council President Charles Pugh advocated for another consent agreement instead of an EFM.
"What would an emergency manager be able to do so much more effectively than us?" Pugh said. "Whether there's going to be an extended milestone agreement, or a new consent agreement, I can't speak to that right now. But I can say that is the option I prefer."
Council President Pro Tem Gary Brown said Tuesday that the only option he would accept is an extension of the current consent agreement.
"I have never been for an emergency manager," he said. "We've made a lot of progress. We ought to be allowed to continue."
Brown said the various consultants hired in January to help with the city's financial restructuring, including Conway MacKenzie, Miller Buckfire, and Ernst and Young, should be allowed to finish their work before the city's course is set.
The latest analysis for the council echoes Brown's desire.
Snyder has until March 21 to decide whether to appoint a manager. By then, the consultants' reports will be finished and can provide the governor with a better handle on the city's finances, the report to the council says.
The consultants' work is focusing on a long-range financial plan for the city, current and future health care costs and a plan to restructure long-term debt, including potential sales of assets.
"Implementation of the city's plan, jointly developed with the State of Michigan, and enhanced by the consultants' recommendations, is ongoing and appointment of an EFM/EM would be premature," the report says.
But Councilman Ken Cockrel Jr. said that he has not decided which course he thinks is best for the city.
"I can see some pluses associated with an emergency manager," he said. "But I can also see some minuses."
Cockrel said a manager, if appointed, should have a specific agenda to carry out, so that the manager does not linger.
The report to the council is separate from a confidential analysis, drafted by the same two divisions of council, on the legal implications of the state review team's report. The law department is writing up a report this week on the same topic, council members said.
Pugh was asked Tuesday why the public should be shut out of the closed-door meeting.
"Not yet, only because we don't know what we're going to be doing yet," he said. "We've got to get consensus between the mayor's office and council before we make a full decision about what we're going to propose moving forward."
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Reviews - The Clarendon Royal Hotel4
Royal Pier Road, Gravesend, DA12 2BE
Customer Reviews
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Have written a complaint to hotel via email and yet to have a response....
will update if they do reply
Disappointed is an understatement.... always stay in a premier inn when we visit family in gravesend but spent a night here for a change as it was our wedding anniversary and wanted to have a special night rather than just another night at the premier inn....look at my photos it tells the story. ... unclean , unfinished and not good in my opinion at all. Hairs and dirt in the bath, stinks like wee badly probably due to old carpet in bathroom, cracks and holes in places, blind in bedroom doesn't shut enough so day light comes through the bottom, no wardrobe just a plastic clothes rail, only 1 mug between me and husband, ripped carpet in bathroom and I couldn't complain as no one on desk just like on arrival we had to go n find someone to check us in... and this was supposed to be a suite room. It was in my booking about it being our anniversary clearly customer service is lacking here... Really disappointed do not bother !!
Read More Less
Everything I needed
Good size room with spacious en-suite recently refurbished
The Clarendon Royal Hotel
Break away.
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Foto des Verkäufers
Bibliografische Details
Titel: The Holy City (1st Impression 1st ed ...
Verlag: Bloomsbury
Erscheinungsdatum: 2009
Einband: Hardcover
Zustand: Fine
Zustand des Schutzumschlags: Fine
Auflage: First Edition.
Fine/Fine 1st impression 1st ed 2009 Bloomsbury hardback, unclipped DJ with striking jacket design, DJ in protective sleeve. Fine condition, slight natural aging to edges of pages only. Sent Airmail at no extra cost; Worldwide Shipping IMMEDIATE 1ST CLASS/AIRMAIL DISPATCH Quantity Available: 1. Shipped Weight: Under 1 kilogram. Category: Fiction Classic & Modern; ISBN/EAN: 9780747597568. Pictures of this item not already displayed here available upon request. Inventory No: 031709. Buchnummer des Verkäufers 031709
Inhaltsangabe: Now entering his sixty-seventh year, Chris McCool can confidently call himself a member of the Happy Club: he has an attractive and exceedingly accommodating Croatian girlfriend and has been told he bears more than a passing resemblance to Roger Moore. As he looks back on the glory days of his youth, he recalls the swinging sixties of rural Ireland: a decade in which the cool cats sang along to Lulu and drove around in Ford Cortinas, when swinging meant wearing velvet trousers and shirts with frills, and where Dolores McCausland - Dolly Mixtures to those who knew her best - danced on the tops of tables and set the pulses of every man in small-town Cullymore racing. Chris McCool had it all back then. He had the moves, he had the car, and he had Dolly, a woman who purred suggestive songs and tugged gently at her skin-tight dresses, a Protestant femme fatale who was glamorous, transgressive and who called him her very own 'Mr Wonderful'. She was, in short, the answer to this bastard son of a Catholic farmer's prayers. Except that there was another Mr Wonderful in town, a certain Marcus Otoyo - a young Nigerian with glossy curls and a dazzling devoutness that was all but irresistible. Although Chris, of course, was interested in Marcus only because of their shared religious fervour and mutual appreciation of the finer things. That was all. Besides, Mr McCool was always a hopeless romantic - some even described him as excessively so - but is there anything wrong with that? Spiked with macabre humour and disquieting revelations, The Holy City is a brilliant, disturbing and compelling novel from one of Ireland's most original contemporary writers.
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text:
Posted by Reviewer1304877 on Jun 15, 2010
I normally buy Jarrow Extra Virgin Coconut oil, to moisturize my hair with, but since this product was cheaper I decided to try it. It smelled TERRIBLE!! Like an ash tray! I don't know if the smell is due to it being pressed or what but I didn't even attempt to use it! Now I have 16 oz of liquid cigarette fragrance!
Verified Purchase
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text:
Rejuvenated Sentence Examples
- Fred, rejuvenated, popped up to check his e-mails as soon as he felt he'd drained the well of intelligence the Deans had been holding back during his jury and jail departures.
- The revolution in Turkey had entirely changed the face of the Eastern Question; the problem of Macedonian reform was swallowed up in that of the reform of the Ottoman empire generally, there was even a danger that a rejuvenated Turkey might in time lay claim to the provinces occupied by Austria-Hungary under the treaty of Berlin; in any case, the position of these provinces, governed autocratically from Vienna, between a constitutional Turkey and a constitutional Austria-Hungary, would have been highly anomalous.
- In Babylonian myth a serpent, apparently in a well or pool, deprived Gilgamesh of the plant which rejuvenated old age, and if it was the rightful guardian of the wonderful gift, one is reminded of the Hebrew story, now reshaped in Gen.
- Everywhere her sons gave proof of rejuvenated activity.
- Prince Andrew liked dancing, and wishing to escape as quickly as possible from the political and clever talk which everyone addressed to him, wishing also to break up the circle of restraint he disliked, caused by the Emperor's presence, he danced, and had chosen Natasha because Pierre pointed her out to him and because she was the first pretty girl who caught his eye; but scarcely had he embraced that slender supple figure and felt her stirring so close to him and smiling so near him than the wine of her charm rose to his head, and he felt himself revived and rejuvenated when after leaving her he stood breathing deeply and watching the other dancers.


text:
Need a book? Engineering books recommendations...
Return to index: [Subject] [Thread] [Date] [Author]
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- To: "'seaint(--nospam--at)seaint.org'" <seaint(--nospam--at)seaint.org>
- Subject: RE: Engineer's Christmas?
- From: "Polhemus, Bill" <wlpolhemus(--nospam--at)sbinfra.com>
- Date: Tue, 28 Dec 1999 14:58:15 -0600
-----Original Message----- From: SEConsultant [mailto:seconsultant(--nospam--at)earthlink.net] Sent: Tuesday, December 28, 1999 2:34 PM To: seaint(--nospam--at)seaint.org Subject: RE: Engineer's Christmas? It is called a Veeblefeltzer for some strange reason. -----REPLY----- Hm. That IS strange. I would have thought they'd call it "Furshlugginer"!
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Solutions To Common Problems
Table of Contents
Generally, your directory should be cleaned after every complete simulation. For example, if you run a simulation involving si, edit the input files and then rerun the si simulation, you may get conflicts as old information about si simulation runs still exist in the directory.
It is thus good practise to clean your directory of unnecessary files before a new simulation (only files related to the material in question need be cleaned), especially cleaning the rst.* files.
Unexpected Energy
If you ever get an error of the form "unexpected value # for file rmt … expected #", it is probably because you have an old rst.* file (a restart file) which contains information from previous runs. This information, should you change your input files, could become invalid for the current simulation and thus cause errors.
Generally, when running a simulation that involves different/edited input files, you should delete the rst.* file for that simulation. E.g., if you're running a simulation for si
rm rst.si
Edit This Page


text: Do you know what is different in the self-compiled? I am having this same problem, though if I could avoid compiling a kernel, that would be nice. Thanks. -- Slow resume because of SATA (COMRESET failed) after harddisk upgrade (Seagate Momentus 7200.3) on Thinkpad T61 https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/258736 You received this bug notification because you are a member of Kernel Bugs, which is subscribed to linux-meta in ubuntu.


text:
8714RE: [BCD396XT] External speaker
Expand Messages
- Jan 1, 2014
I use this http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004B8GF7Y/ref=oh_details_o02_s00_i00?ie=UTF8&psc=1 and pair it with my Bluetooth headset or my Bluetooth in the car. Works amazing!
From: firstname.lastname@example.com [mailto:email@example.com] On Behalf Of MCH
Sent: Wednesday, January 01, 2014 3:14 PM
To: email@example.com
Subject: Re: [BCD396XT] External speaker
My solution was similar, but I don't care for wires so I use a Bluetooth
speaker mic for my lapel speaker which provides more than enough
amplification. A bonus is that my scanner stays at volume level 4 which
extends the battery life. When I want to be more inconspicuous I use a
common BT earphone that is paired with my scanner and with my phone.
Joe M.
Mike wrote:
> You are probably right regarding any "official" answer from Uniden,
> Joe. Dang lawyers! One use I had for shorting out the attenuation was
> using a lapel speaker clipped to my shirt collar at outdoor
> convention-type events. With outdoor noise, etc. I couldn't get enough
> audio out of the earphone jack for this lapel speaker. Shorting to the
> antenna ground worked great, and I could swing the wire out of the way
> when plugging in an earphone. It also allowed the use of an amplified
> speaker while keeping the volume control turned down to half of what
> would be needed without the short, thus saving battery.
> Personally, I think this hearing damage claim is for the most part
> bogus, but certainly someone somewhere sued some manufacturer over it,
> thus the attenuation we live with today. You'd have to listen long and
> loud to do any permanent damage. My main concern is the rumors that
> doing this over time can damage something internally on the Unidens.
> Doesn't seem to be any consensus on this, even on RR.
> Mike
> On 1/1/2014 4:46 PM, MCH wrote:
>> Good point. I usually associate amplified speakers with mobile use, and
>> I replied accordingly, but for home use amplified PC speakers are a
>> great source of cheap speakers that would work well. If you can get some
>> with equalizers built in, all the better (base/treble control).
>> I doubt Paul would be able to endorse grounding the speaker shield, as
>> it could imply a "fitness for use" condition that Uniden likely would
>> not want to convey. That said, I see no use for such shorting since
>> amplified speakers work well, and even with the shorting strap you would
>> not have enough power to drive an un-amplified speaker (in most cases).
>> Besides, it would create issues if you want to use an earphone and
>> accidentally turned up the volume - resulting in hearing damage. It's
>> really not worth the risk in my opinion.
>> Joe M.
>> Rich Carlson wrote:
> ------------------------------------
> Yahoo Groups Links
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text:
Written on: 20/07/2012 by CurtisT (3 reviews written)
I was originally looking for a 'note book' for my Girlfriend as a Christmas present but in the end was tempted by this compact Laptop from SONY.
This particular model came with:-
Windows 7.......... so loads of nice features and functionality
4.00 GB RAM ............ far more than you'd get with any 'note book'
AMD E-350 Processor
Build quality is excellent.
Style is excellent ........ I got my girlfriend a bright pink one ....... she loves it.
Reliability so far has been great !!
And let's not forget ............. it's a SONY VAIO............ so plenty of 'street fred'
I'd recommend the Laptop without a second thought and at less than £400.00 ..... great value too.
As rated by our community of reviewers
" Nice but not good " Read More
" Great laptop, very powerful and looks amazing. The price is decent ... " Read More
Written by jackie3453
" Great item f " Read More
Written by kristenhayek
" Lenovo B51-80 laptop " Read More
Written by pughsofhay
" Waste of money " Read More


text:
San Francisco (73-49) at Montreal (64-60)
- Game info: 1:05 pm EDT Mon Aug 18, 2003
Javier Vazquez has already matched his win total from last season.
He'll look to eclipse it as the Montreal Expos try to complete their first-ever season sweep of the San Francisco Giants in the finale of a four-game series at Olympic Stadium.
Vazquez, who went 10-13 last season, has pitched well in recent outings. Over his last three starts, the 27-year-old right-hander is 2-1 with a 2.57 ERA.
In a 6-5 win over the Colorado Rockies on Wednesday, Vazquez gave up five runs—three earned—and six hits in six-plus innings. He also recovered well after an electrical failure delayed the game for 1 hour, 16 minutes.
"Javy pitched well, especially after coming off that delay," Expos catcher Brian Schneider said. "It's not very easy to do that. He held them down and gave us a chance to win."
Vazquez will look to deliver another strong outing as the Expos try to sweep the four-game set. They also won three straight at Pacific Bell Park from May 12-14.
On Sunday, Brad Wilkerson hit a game-ending grand slam to lift Montreal to a 4-2 win. He was mobbed by his teammates at home plate and brought out of the dugout for a curtain call by the Olympic Stadium crowd of 17,655.
"I knew I put a charge into it," Wilkerson said. "It felt really good to drive in the game-winning run. It was a big, big win for us."
Montreal has won four straight and six of eight.
The Giants, who have lost a season-high five straight, continue to struggle without Barry Bonds. The five-time MVP left the team Thursday to be with his father, Bobby, who is ill with lung cancer and numerous other ailments.
Bonds is expected to rejoin the Giants on Tuesday when they host the Atlanta Braves at Pac Bell.
STANDINGS: Giants - 1st place, NL West. Expos - 4th place, 16 1/2 GB, NL East.
GIANTS PROBABLE STARTER: Dustin Hermanson (2-2, 4.79 ERA). Hermanson, who began the season with St. Louis, is 1-0 with a 3.09 ERA in two starts for the Giants. He worked 5 2-3 innings on Aug. 9, giving up two runs and four hits, but did not get a decision in San Francisco's 8-6 loss to Philadelphia. In two career games against the Expos, Hermanson has no record and a 27.00 ERA.
EXPOS PROBABLE STARTER: Vazquez (10-8, 3.62 ERA). In 10 career games against the Giants, Vazquez is 3-5 with a 4.27 ERA.
OFFENSIVE LEADERS: Giants - Bonds, .341 avg., 37 HRs, 77 RBIs and 88 runs; Marquis Grissom, 9 SBs. Expos - Jose Vidro, .324 avg.; Orlando Cabrera, 17 HRs, 67 RBIs, 80 runs and 20 SBs.
SEASON SERIES: Expos, 6-0.
STREAKS AND NOTES: Giants - 1B J.T. Snow is batting .300 (6-for-20) in his career against RHP Vazquez. … The Giants are 60-16 when scoring at least four runs. … San Francisco has been outscored 26-10 during its five-game losing streak. Expos - RF Vladimir Guerrero needs one homer to tie Andre Dawson for the all-time franchise lead with 225. … 2B Vidro is batting .378 (14-for-37) during a 10-game hitting streak. … Montreal's starting pitchers are batting .268 (11-for-41) since July 24.
ROAD/HOME RECORDS: Giants - 32-31 on the road; Expos - 41-23 at home.
INJURIES: Giants - C Alberto Castillo (wrist), 15-day DL; SS Rich Aurilia (appendicitis), 15-day DL; 2B Ray Durham (leg), 15-day DL; OF Marvin Benard (knee), 15-day DL; RHP Robb Nen (shoulder), 15-day DL; RHP Felix Rodriguez (abdominal muscle), 15-day DL; LHP Kirk Rueter (shoulder), 15-day DL. Expos - C Michael Barrett (hip and finger), 15-day DL; 3B Fernando Tatis (chest), 15-day DL; RHP Orlando Hernandez (shoulder), 15-day DL; RHP Dan Smith (shoulder), 15-day DL; LHP Scott Stewart (appendicitis), 15-day DL; RHP Claudio Vargas (rotator cuff), 15-day DL; RHP Tony Armas Jr. (shoulder), 60-day DL.
Team Comparison
|San Francisco
|1st West
|Away 43-37
|Won 2
|4th East
|Home 52-29
|Won 1
Blog Coverage from SB Nation
McCovey Chronicles
- Expos 4, Giants 0
- Birthday boy Judge, Severino carry Yankees past Red Sox, 3-1
- Thames has 1 of Brewers' 14 hits, hurt in win over Reds
- Giants rally from 3 down to stun Dodgers 4-3 in 10 innings
- Teheran solid, Gsellman stumbles and Mets lose 5th straight
- Orioles use 4-pitch walk in 11th inning to beat Rays 5-4


text:
Where's the best afternoon tea spot in Dubai ? Hotels apart, I can highly recommend TWG tea as a best afternoon tea option. A Singaporean brand serving tea from over 30 different countries. It's a quality spot for a catch up, a cup of tea and some classy cakes. We first spoke about them on Dubai Eye ..Continue Reading
Life in Dubai - Honestly Reviewed
Explore the site to see what I think you should Do in Dubai and sometimes beyond.
DoinDubai articles are written by me, Monica Kapila, based on real experiences whilst packed with helpful information such as phone numbers, maps, and my own camera work.
FOOD NEWS AND REVIEWS DUBAI EYE 103.8 Tuesday April 25th 2017
FOOD NEWS & REVIEWS 1 FOOD NEWS AND REVIEWS DUBAI EYE 103.8 Find out what's new on Dubai's Dining Scene What's the SCOOP on Dubai's Dining Scene Restaurant REVIEWS Which new restaurant has opened in Dubai this week, who's got a new menu or a new chef in town? Restaurant NEWS What could you do ..Continue Reading
The Viceroy Palm Jumeirah Dubai hotel opened in the first week of April 2017. Is it worth a visit or is it just another Dubai skyscraper with restaurants? Read on for an honest experience of the property on day 4 of it's opening. Food focused review this time round. The vibe at the Viceroy Palm ..Continue Reading
DUBAI EYE - The Latest Dubai Restaurant News - Venues & Menus
DoinDubai on Dubai Eye Radio 103.8 Listen on Tuesdays
Check out the newest Delicious Deals on this page.. Groovy Gents Nights!
See what NEW Dubai Dining Deals we've added this month.
So ib exams start in earnest today and it's almost GCSE and A level exam time too. Wishing all those students out there the very best of luck for their exams! Stay calm, cool and collected, sleep and eat well and then do your very best. All that hard work is sure to pay off, then look forward to a fun filled summer holiday! Aim High everyone. And the world's your oyster.
#goodluck #allthebest #goodvibes #success #positivity #inspiration #motivation #hardwork #hardworkpaysoffs #studying #believeinyourself #youcandoit #focus #aimhigh #aimhigher #goals #instagram #doindubai #ibexams @jennylincoln6 @sharneen101 @emirateswoman ... See MoreSee Less
Articles range from how to sell a car to where to get your jewellery dipped. Find alternative ideas for where to take your visitors, other than a Mall. Read about my Top Tips on visiting a Dubai tailor so you get the best results. Register your residence for a photo shoot in Dubai and speak to a gardener in Hindi.


text:
Collaboration, or even a merger, is being considered as the companies come to terms with shrinking defence orders and oversupply.
BAe yesterday denied that Royal Ordnance, which employs 6,500 people, was for sale. 'These talks are at an early stage and no firm agenda has been set,' a spokesman told the Independent. 'Royal Ordnance is an integral part of our defence operations.'
But BAe will be acutely aware of the political sensitivity of its position following the storm over the sale of its Rover car company to Germany's BMW two weeks ago. The loss-making defence and aircraft giant had long protested that Rover was a core business despite persistent rumours it was for sale.
Furthermore, co-operation with a state-owned French company will be watched closely by the Government. The BAe spokesman said it had kept the Ministry of Defence aware of the talks.
At its annual results announcement last month BAe said joint ventures with foreign partners were being sought, though Royal Ordnance's name was not mentioned.
BAe has been seeking a partner for some time for its turbo-prop and regional jet side, and said it was talking to Fokker of the Netherlands, and ATR, a French-Italian consortium. Discussions are also under way with Matra, of France, about their missiles businesses.
In 1993 BAe made losses of pounds 237m, and although figures were not broken down, the spokesman yesterday said Royal Ordnance was losing money. This is despite heavy cost-cutting in the seven years since BAe took control of RO from the Government. Last November the division shed 300 jobs from a factory making cartridge cases near Gateshead and at a weapons plant in Glascoed, Gwent.
Speaking on BBC television's The Money Programme last night John Reed, a defence consultant, said the chances of a merger were high, but with Giat eventually taking the dominant role.
'The logic of such a merger is simply that both companies are operating in diminishing markets, and need to be able to rationalise their resources and effect economies of scale,' Mr Reed said.
Jack Dromey, national secretary of the Transport & General Workers Union, said the impact on jobs would be catastrophic as technology drifted away from British plants to those abroad. Such collaborative ventures often became an unequal partnership.
(Photograph omitted)
- More about:
- Automotive Equipment (car Industry)
- Rover
- Trade Unions


text:
OHA + M Blog: Bill 323 Clears Important Hurdle
Bill C-323 clears a hurdleDan Schneider
Apr 03, 2017
The Speaker: I declare the motion carried. Accordingly, the bill stands referred to the Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development. ~ Hansard, March 23, 2017 By a vote of 150 to 140, Bill C-323, which would create a tax credit for the rehabilitation of historic proper... +read
Peterborough Examiner: Two Main Street Losses
Developer to proceed with demolition of Pig's Ear Tavern, Black Horse Pub, plans new 5-storey buildingsJoelle Kovach
Apr 03, 2017
The developer who wants to tear down The Pig's Ear and The Black Horse says he's pleased that city councillors decided to forego a heritage designation on the buildings. Paul Dietrich, the owner of Parkview Homes, called it "good news". "We want to proceed with demolition, per the ... +read
Photo-documenting theTransformation of the Hearn Ruins
Generation: Designing New SpacesJonathan Castellino
Mar 09, 2017
Jonathan Castellino is a photographer based in the city of Toronto, Canada, and an adjunct architectural photography instructor at the Willowbank School of Restoration Arts. His work has appeared in magazines and journals such as Brick, Image, Spacing, and Now, and has been featured in &nb... +read
Places Journal - Unfinished New YorkBelmont Freeman
Mar 07, 2017
New Yorks historic preservation community has been in celebratory mode this year, marking a half-century since the passage of the citys Landmarks Law. Observances will go national next year, with the fiftieth anniversary of the National Historic Preservation Act. The Museum of the City of New York... +read
Algonquin College-Perth Campus Heritage Trades Summer Courses
Spring/Summer 2017
+ read
Spring/Summer 2017
+ read


text:
Greg Palleson
More ideas from Greg
1952 Ford F100
ACME Service Truck | Flickr - Photo Sharing!
I like the ol' s'cool rims and the ultra low stance.
Custom Chevy Pickup. ...SealingsAndExpungements.com... 888-9-EXPUNGE (888-939-7864)... Free evaluations..low money down...Easy payments.. 'Seal past mistakes. Open new opportunities.'
Nicotine patches? I can totally relate.
Breaking Bad Lego Set
1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 Chevy Advanced Design pickup truck slammed on artillery style modern wheels in a patina black finish.
If you haven't seen @g_g_allin 's 1966 Chevy C10 yet it's about time you do…
64 chevy c10


text:
The choice of a Conservative peer to head the conference may cause some surprise but Lord Mackay of Clashfern was involved in the wrangle over the future of the gold under the last government.
The gold has been in bank vaults in New York and the Bank of England since the Second World War, pending agreement on how it should be disbursed under a commission set up in 1946 by France, America and Britain. Lord Mackay's appointment is the latest in a series of similar initiatives. It was announced this week that David Mellor, a former Tory minister, is to chair a football task-force, while Paddy Ashdown and other Lib- Dems will be part of a Cabinet sub-committee on co-operation.
Robin Cook, the Foreign Secretary, is due next week to announce that the former Lord Chancellor will chair the international conference, probably in December, of the tripartite nations, with invitations to other countries involved in the seizure and restoration of the gold.
Invitations are expected to go to neutral countries, such as Switzerland and Portugal, Sweden, Turkey and Spain, where looted gold was traded by the Nazis to buy imports during the war. It is possible invitations will also go to Argentina and Brazil, where Nazis were traced after the war, in addition to Israel, and Holocaust victims' groups.
- More about:
- Argentina
- New York City
- New York State
- Robin Cook


text:
1. Green Technology
I am a big believer that we must move steadily and as quickly as possible away from traditional fuel sources, especially fossil fuels, to what has been termed 'alternative' fuels: Solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, gravitational, etc. I think in that basic concept, I agree with Democrats and President Obama. Where I disagree with them is how to get from here to there.
I sincerely believe that government mandates will not solve this problem. First of all, no matter what the government spends, it is a small percentage compared to the private capital available worldwide. Second, the government has a habit of targeting the spending without knowing much about the technology; in other words, it tries to pick the winners without having more than an educated guess. This historically has not worked well, with ethanol subsidies being the biggest example of government failure.
I have an alternative solution, which frankly is simple, more effective, and surprisingly hasn't really been presented on any large scale initiative which I have seen.
Simply put, let the free market decide, with a small push from government:
- Make all companies in the fields of alternative fuels (I would start with solar, wind, etc.), and allow them to be totally tax free for the next decade. No federal taxes. This kind of tax benefit allowed internet sales to boom during the 1990s, and without them, it is unlikely that companies like Amazon would have survived.
- Streamline regulatory practices for these industries. Companies should not have to fight every locality to get windmill farms put up. And that includes environmental protections, which are becoming more cumbersome for both solar and wind energy.
- Invest in the infrastructure necessary to transmit power by modernizing the power grid.
That is it. Sounds too simplistic, right? But the first item is the key. You need capital investments to truly fund the research necessary to make these devices useful in the real world. And unlike the government, the private sector does a much better job picking winners, and dumping losers. The more attempts you have at trying to build the perfect mousetrap, the more likely you are to succeed. Cost wise, this is cheap; sure, you are going to lose some tax dollars, especially in later years, but I would wager this will be much cheaper in the long run than borrowing money and handing out government checks. Finally, and most important, this will bring foreign capital to America. It would give us a leg up in being the front runner in these technologies, simply because we would be the most green technology friendly nation in the world.
2. Environment
This is a topic that conservatives must adopt as their own. I think as a group, and as a party, we have failed ourselves and the American people on the issue. We don't have to be environmental wackos, but we need to take a reasoned and scientific approach to the question.
First, end the whole argument about global warming. First, let us be clear: there is global warming. The real question is whether it is man made.
I think the question is simply a waste of time, with all apologies to Nobel Laureate Albert Arnold Gore.
There is a lot of evidence to support the hypothesis that there is man made global warming. And if I had to guess, I would suspect that is the case. But NO ONE can prove whether it is true or not. Those that say they can don't understand the basics of the scientific method.
But frankly the question doesn't matter. I love the response I get, both from environmentalists and global warming non-believers, when I say this. But it is fact. The truth or falsehood of man made global warming should be irrelevant.
How can I say that? Easy. One thing we can all agree is that pollution is bad. Not good. Harmful. However you want to state it. Pollution is something we can all agree should be minimized. There are all sorts of pollution, but clearly carbon dioxide, the main culprit in global warming, is apollutant. So we need to decrease carbon dioxide emission, simply because we don't want to pollute the planet. It is that simple.
Now comes the hard part. How vigilant are we going to be in stopping pollution? The left wing environmentalists are ready for us to stop using all fossil fuels today. That is great, exceept the costs to humanity would be huge. There is a good chance many people would starve, and many would die, if were even able implement such a strategy.
The only solution to this is technology, which I some what confront above in topic #1. Only by producing real alternatives to fossil fuel can we make a permanent switch. It is not realistic or plausible for us to demand that switch before it is possible. Does anyone believe that the third world, including India and China, would ever accept that kind of sacrifice? And let us remember, the third world makes up almost 2/3 of the world's population. So it is simply not realistic.
But, there are steps we can take to minimize our pollution, and be at the forefront of the world environmental cause:
- Adopt tax and regulatory practices as I describe above; we will quickly become the world leader in green technology.
- Change tax law on vehicles. Instead of taxing vehicles based on their cost, tax them based on their gas mileage. People still have the option of buying gas guzzlers, but how many will when they have to pay an extra $5,000 for the pleasure?
- Slowly and steadily increase MPG standards on cars and trucks. Expand efficiency standards to other devices, such as lawn mowers, who are a major emitter of CO2.
- Push coal fire plants to modernize quickly. They must be able to either be relatively clean within a decade or two, or close down. 10 years is plenty of time for them to make the upgrades. I understand that this cost will be passed to consumers, but it is a cost we must bear. Additionally, however, if they are able to become 'clean' earlier, give them tax breaks so they are rewarded.
- Remove regulatory barriers for nuclear power plants.
3. Alternative Fuels
This is an area where the U.S. has fallen years behind the competition, and much of it is directly the governments fault. Ethanol subsidies have done more to hurt the cause of alternative fuels than help; I know that will never win me many votes in Iowa if I ever run for President, but it is the truth.
Brazil is the ideal model for biofuels. Using sugar cane, they get a large bulk of their fuel from biological sources. Now, on top of that, they have oil reserves that they are exporting. The investment in biofuels over the past decade will pay huge dividends for Brazil in the years to come.
We here have tried to keep the ethanol business afloat with subsides. It is a totally broken system. I am all for ethanol, but the market should decide if the industry succeeds or fails.
4. Cap-And-Trade
Cap-and-trade is a simplified term that entails the buying and selling of pollution credits for carbon dioxide and other carbon producing pollutants. This trading market would primarily occur with energy producers and other manufacturers, in the hope that the increased costs of pollution would drive the amount of pollutants downward.
Each participant would get certain amount of 'credits' equivalent to certain amount of carbon pollution. Those that use less than their allotment can sell those credits to those that are polluting more. Therefore, if you are cleaner, you can theoretically make a profit by your environmental friendliness.
A worthy goal; one which I support. But it has drastic repercussions.
Republicans have estimated that the overall increases in costs from a cap-and-trade system would increase the average expenditures for a family of four by $3200. Now, many including Democrats have disputed that. For example, Politifact, using MIT professor John Reilly's numbers, said the number was actually $215, and placed the Republican claim in their hall of shame, called 'Pants on Fire'.
However, Reilly now admits that his calculations are in error. The Weekly Standard's John McCormack has been corresponding with Reilly for several weeks, trying to correct the calculations. In the end, Reilly admit that there was a gross error in his numbers, and that the actual cost would be approximately $800 per family of four (or $512 for the average 2.56 person household). Reilly said, "I made a boneheaded mistake in an excel spread sheet. I have sent a new letter to Republicans correcting my error (and to others)."
However, even that number isn't accurate. The $512 paid annually per household is merely the "cost to the economy [that] involves all those actions people have to take to reduce their use of fossil fuels or find ways to use them without releasing [Green House Gases]," Reilly wrote. "So that might involve spending money on insulating your home, or buying a more expensive hybrid vehicle to drive, or electric utilities substituting gas (or wind, nuclear, or solar) instead of coal in power generation, or industry investing in more efficient motors or production processes, etc. with all of these things ending up reflected in the costs of good and services in the economy."
In other words, Reilly estimates that "the amount of tax collected" through companies would equal $3,128 per household. In other words, the Republican numbers were in fact right, and Dr. Reilly and Politifact were wrong.
And it gets worse. Reilly now states that his calculation of $800 is on top of the other costs, so the total now would approach $4,000, even more than the initial Republican estimates. Riley does argue that households would get that money back…but doesn't exactly say how. Yikes.
Now, in the larger scheme of things, an average $4,000 increased taxes on every household in the country would be, by far, the largest tax increase in world history. It would disproportionately affect poorer, rural states versus richer, coastal states. And this is a purely regressive tax; there is no favoritism for income. Every household, rich, poor, or in between would have to pay these costs. This, obviously, would again break Mr. Obama's pledge to not increase taxes on those making less than $250,000. Of course, I am sure the White House will argue that this is not a tax, per se, but just increased expenditures for the cost of pollution. Maybe so. But I doubt that will matter to the 310 million Americans who will have to signficantly increase their outward expenditures because of cap-and-trade.


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- About Us
- Photo Gallery
- 2016
- 2015
- 2014
- 2013
- 2012
- 2011
- 2010
- KCCC New Year's Eve Celebration
- KCCC Chess Challenge 2010
- Gabi Ng Pasasalamat
- Solon Reyes in Concert - "An Evening with the Masters"
- KCCC Halloween Bash 2010
- KCCC Games Day 2010
- 2010 Golf Classic
- This One's for You featuring Leander Mendoza
- Walkathon 2010
- A Community Gathers Together at the Kalayaan Picnic - 6 June 2010
- Induction of Officers & Spring Dance - 9 April 2010
- Test Shots-Dress Rehersal - Kids Fashion Show
- Bb. Pilipinas - Kalayaan 2010
- Bb. Pilipinas - Miss Kalayaan Rehersal
- Kalayaan Centre Annual General Meeting 2010
- Children of the Fashion Show
- Pandesal, longonisa, atbp
- 2nd KCCC Hepatitis B Lecture
- 2009
- 1st KCCC Bowlathon
- Cheque for Typhoon Ondoy victims
- Halloween 2009
- Zarzuela Nov 14, 2009
- 2009 Golf Classic
- Independence Day
- Malayang Pilipinas
- Mama Ching's 85th
- Halloween 2009 Videos
- Medical Fair
- New Year 2009 Masquerade
- Ondoy Benefit Jamming Session
- Imelda C. Endaya Art Exhibit
- Special Fashion Show - Dress Rehearsal
- A Special Fashion Show
- Hawaiian Night July 2009
- 2008 and earlier
- Facilities
- Get Involved
- Nayon Newsletter
- Mar 2012 - Ating Musika
- Dec 2011 - Maraming Salamat Po!
- Sept 2011 - Golf Classic
- June 2011 - Rizal @ 150
- Mar 2011 - Ang Galing!
- Dec 2010 - Manigong 2011
- Jun 2010 - Pagdiriwang
- Sep 2010 - Init Ng Araw
- Mar 2010 - Ating Adhika
- Dec 2009 - Kapayapaan
- Sept 2009 - Kaganapan!
- June 2009 - Kalayaan!
- March 2009 - Unang Labas
- Golf Classic
- Annual Walkathon
|Resty del Rosario
Founding member and incorporator. Resty holds a BSc degree in Commerce, Cum Laude. He is a Philippine Certified Public Accountant and a Canadian Certified General Accountant. He is a founding member and incorporator of Kalayaan Centre.
|Executive Vice President
|Gerry Rulloda
Gerry Rulloda is a graduate of mechanical engineering from the Mapua Institute of Technology in the Philippines. In Canada, he is certified in Production and Inventory Management (CPIM) and obtained his certificate from Sheridan College and Materials management certificate from Humber College. He worked at Graphics Packaging Inc for 37 years until retirement , his last position as a supervisor in charge of customer service, scheduling, inventory management and warehousing. He is currently president of Mapuans Ontario and also was the president in 1999-2000.
|Marietta Balbastro
Mayette, as she is fondly called, came to Canada with her family in 1977. Since then she worked with Bayer Canada until her retirement as Claims Specialist in 2003. In 1998, she received the Bayer President's Gold Cross Award. She has been into community service through the years.
|Judy Montenegro
Judy is serving her second term with the KCCC board and serves as the KCCC Board secretary. Prior to serving on the board, she has been actively involved as a volunteer at Kalayaan Centre for several years.
|Rene Samonte
|Delfin Palileo
Del is a Chemical Engineer, an alumnus of the University of the Philippines. He is an active community leader in the Greater Toronto Area. He is the president of the Mississauga Cooksville Club that donated $25,000 to the KCCC building fund.
|Dr. Solon Guzman
|Karen Binaday
Karen Pascual-Binaday is the current Executive Vice President of the Philippine Independence Day Council and the Overall Chair of the annual Mabuhay Philippines Festival. She has been volunteering in the Filipino-Canadian community for several years and is also a member of the Philippine Press Club of Ontario, a freelance writer for various publications and the Lifestyle Editor of the Talakayan Radyo Pilipino radio show. This is Karen's first term as a member of the Board for the Kalayaan Cultural Community Centre.
|Madoline Baluca
Madoline Deza Baluca, RN BSN, Retired Registered Nurse after 40 years of service (full-time) from Rochester, Minnesota, Winnipeg, Manitoba and Mississauga, Ontario. She is an active community leader of the following associations - Bohol Association Canada, Los Dumangenous of Ontario and Kalayaan Cultural Community Centre. A mother of 2 and a grandmother of 4 - wife of late Elpidio Diez Baluca, formerly President Bohol Association Canada for 8 years and 2001 Kalayaan Chairman.
|Chat Bautista
Maria "Chat" de Leon-Bautista is the Chief Executive Officer of Studio Six Productions and is also the Marketing and Promotions Consultant of the Josie de Leon School of Performing Arts.
Ms. Chat did two fundraising event for Kalayaan Centre Fly Me to Moon with Josie de Leon and Jules Tinsay and recently a successful concert of Marco Sison entitled" Always"
|Lydia Bernardino
Lydia is a graduate of Bachelor of Arts & Bachelor of Science in Commerce (Finance) from College of the Holy Spirit, Mendiola, Manila. She is a resident of Mississauga, Ontario and widow to husband Virgilio & proud mother to 2 adult sons. She retired from RBC, Corporate Pensions & Benefits and is a past president & active member of the College of the Holy Spirit Alumnae Assn Toronto chapter, Vice President of the Federation of Filipino Canadians of Brampton for two terms (4 yrs)and served as one time Treasurer of the Brampton Filipino Seniors.
|Chito Carbonell
Chito is one of the most hard working director of Kalayaan Centre yet goes about his work without any fanfare. Together with Dr. Romy Sinajon and Edgar Frondozo, Chito is one of the guarantors of Kalayaan Centre's mortgage loan.
|Edgar Frondozo
A four term member of the board, Edgar is Managing Director of Slingshot VoIP, a cloud based telecom service provider that offers an enterprise-grade telephone solution for small and medium sized businesses. He negotiated the transfer of mortgage in 2009 with the help of Dr. Romy Sinajon and Luis "Chito" Carbonell as guarantors that saved KCCC over $30,000/year in interest payments.
|Rodel Meier
As the current chair of Kalayaan Filipino Cultural Organization (KFCO), Rodel Meier holds a seat in the KCCC board. The Kalayaan Filipino Cultural Organization is one of the biggest supporters of the Centre.
|Lumi Montada
|Nico Montenegro
|Charity Roda
Charity is not a novice in terms of community service. She was an active member of the Pilipino Bayanihan of Mississauga and was one of the founding members of the Ladies Auxiliary for Rizal, Mississauga Chapter.
|Dr. Romy Sinajon
Dr. Romy, opened a free medical clinic at the KCCC shortly after he took office to serve newcomers to Canada and those who have no medical insurance coverage. He is a generous contributor to KCCC.
|Rey Tamayo
Reynaldo Tamayo, who is also fondly called "Tito Rey" is a consultant/analyst/Artistic Director. It is his noble goal as member of the board to develop, preserve and promote the Filipino national culture and arts through the different programs offered by the KCCC. To create fun and artistic programs in the center that matter in the world of the Filipino youth; that make things better for the Filipino seniors; that reflect a kind of creative beauty and significance among my "kababayan."
|Admin Assistant
|Jojo Sebastian
Jojo is the quintessential centre volunteer. She is the Admin Assistant, building administrator, event facilities coordinator, Mama Ching's personal assistant, cook, driver and all around player. She helps whenever and wherever help is needed.


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Robbers Run 'Water Dept. Inspector' Scams on Bronx Elderly
A duo of robbers have run a scam on Bronx oldsters recently, posing as "inspectors" for the "Water Dept." to check either the "water level" or "quality." Once inside, they scoop up jewelry and other goodies and run like hell, cops say. Their first such score was on December 19; the fifth, and most recent, was on February 7. The robbers are described as Latino males, each about 5-foot-10 and 35 to 40 years old.
Their pattern seems to be to strike every couple of weeks and rarely in the same precinct:
The men struck around 3 p.m. on December 19, 2010, on Willow Lane. They struck again on January 3, 2011, on Neill Avenue, around 4:30 p.m. They also struck around 1 p.m. on January 18 on Irwin Ave. They scammed someone on February 3 on Ohm Avenue around 2:20 p.m. They last struck on February 7 around 1:10 p.m. on Baychester Avenue.
Tipsters can call Crime Stoppers at 1-800-577-TIPS (8477) or submit tips at nypdcrimestoppers.com or text info to 274637 (CRIMES), entering TIP577.
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