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Foodways is the study of what people eat and why. Why we procure, prepare and serve the food we do has cultural, sociological, geographical, financial and political influences.
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First Prize:
There is a Season for Everything!
Dennis Kirby, Champaign, Illinois
As an avid animal lover and growing up on a farm in the South, the Fall always troubled me. During the Spring time, we would have calves chicks, ducklings, piglets, puppies, and kittens ... on the farm. Spring was my favorite time of year. I would always be the one that would gravitate to the runts of the litter and try to save them so they weren't left to die by the mother or culled by my father. It was a reality that runts seldom lived, but I always wanted to try.
Coming from a farming community, the reality was that, throughout the year, animals would have to be slaughtered for the family to sell and to eat. That realization didn't make things any easier for me. We always had spring pigs to sell to other farmers who didn't raise hogs. I would always "try" to hide the runt of the litter because I wanted to hand raise the runts myself. I knew deep in my heart that eventually the piglet would grow into a full-sized hog and would either be slaughtered or have to be sold. But that didn't keep me from trying my best to hide the little thing.
In Spring of 1969, I was still young and fairly naIve around the farm. I am now 53 years old and my memory of this Spring is still clear in my head. Our sow had given birth to 14 piglets that spring. There happened to be two runts of that litter. My Dad explained to me that they needed to be culled because they probably wouldn't live anyways.Being a stubborn little man, I begged him to let me try and bottle feed them. One was a male and one was a female. I was only 8 or 9 at the time. I got permission from my school teacher to bring the piglets in to class each day so I could bottle feed them. She thought it was a great idea to have the other students help bottle feed them and learn about them as the piglets grew. By the end of the school year, both of the piglets had survived with feedings every 2-3 hours around the clock while they were little. They were big enough to sell.
I did not realize that my dad had decided to keep the male or why. We kept the male and sold the female for $25.00. At that time $25.00 was a lot of money for us to have plus I knew that she would be used for breeding. I had no idea what was in store for Bart. I kept feeding Bart and he continued to get fatter.
October rolled around and my Father and Grandfather, Grandmother, and Mom sat me down and we had a long heart to heart talk. They explained that the first frost would soon be coming and that they were going to have to slaughter Bart. We couldn't afford to keep him over the winter. Feed was expensive even then. It had to be done. I was heart broken. I ran from the room yelling and screaming absurdities that I knew better to even entertain in my head much less let them come out of my mouth. I cried for two weeks. School was back in session when the first frost hit that year. I knew that weekend would be Bart's last day. I asked a neighbor friend of mine if! could spend the weekend with them because I didn't want to be at the house when it happened.
When I got home late Sunday (I didn't go to Church that Sunday morning because I was even mad at God, or at least I thought I was then). The dinner table was set and everyone was silent. You could hear the crickets underneath the porch outside chirping away, nothing but silence. Mom had made my favorite for dinner, fried chicken and potato salad. I just sat there with tears welling up in my eyes. I didn't say a word. I knew I would be in for a thrashing if! let out another round of "smart mouth" to my Mom and Dad. I didn't eat much that night. When it was time for me and my brother to go to bed, Daddy said, "I will be up in a few minutes to talk to you." My brother slept on the couch that night. I knew I was going to get it for not eating my dinner and for not going to Church that day. I waited in bed. I had put on two pair of pajamas and extra socks in preparation for my punishment.
Daddy didn't even knock on the door. He walked right on in. He sat down on the edge of the bed. Neither of us said anything for about 5 minutes. Finally, he broke the silence. "You know, Son, we raise animals to sell and to have food for the winter. We have to make ends meet. You know that, right?" I told my Dad, "Yeah, I understand but I don't have to like it or watch it when it happens."
"No you don't," he responded sternly. He said to me, in a low voice "There is a season for everything, Son". "There is a time to be born and a time to die". "A time to reap, and a time to sow." He then said something that I have told my own Son many times, "There is even a time, Son, to be angry and a time to show compassion and understanding." He got up and walked out of the room. I didn't understand his words at that time, but I felt at peace with everything right then.
The next morning I came down to breakfast and there was a bacon, potato, cheese casserole on the table for breakfast. I knew in my heart that it was Bart that was on the table. I couldn't eat. I excused myself from the table and said I was going on to school. Mom looked at me and said, "Dennis, your Dad wants your help up at the hog shed." I stared and said, "Alright." I walked slowly to the hog shed and my Dad was waiting with hog slop and water. He looked at me and said that he had hurt his back slaughtering the hogs on Saturday when he slipped and fell (my Dad never slipped and fell, but I didn't say anything). I grabbed the feed and water and walked on up the hill to the hog pen. There was Bart! He wasn't dead. I didn't know then that Dad had used part of the money we had gotten for the sow and some of the money he and Mom had saved up for Christmas presents and bought a hog from another farmer to slaughter. My Dad had spared Bart.
Dad had walked up the hill behind me and was standing there smiling at me. "You realize this is your Christmas present and any piglets that he sires will be sold in the Spring to pay for the hog we bought to kill." I knew he was right, but my Dad had shown compassion and understanding to me, FOR ME. I ran to him and gave him a huge hug and thanked him. Even though I knew in my heart this would never happen again, I understood that sometimes we have to show understanding and compassion for others.
He said, "Come on, let's get back to the house. Your Mom made us breakfast, and we have to show her we like it and appreciate her getting up at 3 a.m. to fix it for us." That was the last time my Dad held my hand, but I remember it as well today as if it happened yesterday. That was the best Bacon, Potato, Cheese casserole I had ever eaten. I can't make it as well as my Mom, but give it a try. It's simple and cheesy and loaded with bacon and potatoes. Be prepared to spend 2 and 1/2 hours for it to bake, but it' s well worth the wait. It's great hot or cold.
Even though this recipe has been around in our family for many years it has recently resurfaced a fan favorite for family reunions.
First Prize:
Bacon, Potato, Cheese Casserole
Dennis Kirby, Champaign, Illinois
1 1/2 lbs of lean bacon
2 lbs of potatoes, skin on
1 large onion
1 1/2 lbs of Colby Jack Cheese
1/4 teaspoon salt each layer
1/4 teaspoon pepper each layer
Use a frying pan that can be put into a 350 degree oven.
Line the bottom and side of the pan with parchment paper, or use 2 tablespoon lard to prevent from sticking
Starting at the very center of the pan, line bacon strips side by side, alternating a little forward and a little back to prevent overlapping on the bottom of the pan.
Once this is done, thinly slice potatoes, and onions (ONLY ONE LAYER OF ONIONS) layering them on top of the bacon. Add a layer of cheese and then season with salt and pepper. Repeat the process (potatoes, cheese, salt and pepper) until you have about 4 to 6 layers.
Taking your time, fold the bacon over the top of the potatoes. Place a heavy lid on top of the casserole to prevent bacon from curling. Bake in a preheated 350 degree oven for about 2 1/2 hours. Be sure to place a drip pan beneath the skillet to prevent bacon grease from splattering everywhere.
Remove from oven and drain as much grease as possible. Turn pan over onto a large plate to release casserole and remove parchment if used. Use a second plate to turn casserole over again. Sprinkle with a little more cheese. Cut in pie slices and serve warm as a main dish or allow to cool for a side dish! Top with sour cream, extra shredded cheese and green onions if desired! Enjoy! This dish has been around for many years and has only just recently resurfaced as a popular family gathering dish.


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This is one movie that my kids have been patiently waiting for on DVD...they were super excited to find out that I would receive the movie for review and couldn't wait to pop it into the Blu-ray player! It was awesome! The 3D animation is truly a work of art and makes the movie something you could watch over and over. The use of puppets and animation created the most expressive characters and is something unlike most animated movies that you see today.
Quirky, mischievous and good-hearted, the Boxtrolls are unique creatures who have lovingly raised a human boy named Eggs in a fantastical charming cavern below the bustling streets of Cheesebridge. But when the evil Archibald Snatcher schemes to capture Eggs' family, it's up to Eggs and his feisty new friend Winnie to save the Boxtrolls!
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text: Shravan Bhat was born in Bangalore, India and grew up across India, Singapore, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong and Germany. After graduating from Aston University in the United Kingdom with a BSc business and international relations (including an Erasmus exchange year at the European University Viadrina in Germany), he joined Forbes Magazine in Mumbai, India. As Senior Correspondent, he has focused on tech start-ups, social entrepreneurs, foreign investment into India and European affairs. In 2015 he was selected as an India-Germany Media Ambassador by the Robert Bosch Foundation and completed a summer fellowship with Manager Magazin in Hamburg, Germany. Aside from fluent English, Shravan speaks intermediate French, German and Hindi. At Yale, he focuses on renewable energy finance in emerging markets.


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Four Shillings in the Pound Aid 1693/4: the City of London, the City of Westminster, Middlesex
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Taste Perception A Matter Of Taste Variation Commerce Essay
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This essay has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers.
Taste perception is important as nutrients often contain toxic substances which are associated with a bitter taste perception. Two taste receptor families (TAS1R and TAS2R) are responsible for a sweet, umami and bitter taste perception. The taste perception might also be influenced by different taste receptor polymorfismen. However, in order to find out whether this is the case more research has to be done.
It should be noted that TAS1R and TAS2R are structurally different. As a result TAS1R might be able to dimerize by interaction of two lobes which form a clamshell together, whereas TAS2R might not.
Human beings are able to taste different flavors (sweet, salt, sour, bitter and umami) because of taste buds in the tongue. A taste bud contains all taste receptors. Tasting different flavors is place independent in the tongue. The "taste receptors" (salt and sour) are activated by compounds (ligands) in food, which bind to the taste receptors. By stimulating the receptors, electrical signals are send via nerve fibers to the cell membrane. The electrical charges on the cell membrane will change. The latter results in an action potential.
Compensation of differences in the electrical charges are achieved by opening ion channels. Sodium ions will go into the cell, which depolarize the cell and thereby release neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters will bind to nerve cells which will send the taste signal to the brain.
Figure 1: Schematically overview of Taste receptor functionTaste receptors for a sweet or bitter taste have another mechanism though. G-protein-coupled receptors are involved in the signal transduction. G-protein-coupled receptors comprise a protein family of transmembrane receptors. These receptors consist of an extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular domain. Ligands bind to the extracellular domain of the g-protein-coupled receptor, which activates intracellular signaling pathways. This will infinitely result in a cellular response, like taste perception.
There are, as was stated in the introduction, two different taste receptors families in humans, namely: T1R and T2R. T1R is a receptor family for a sweet or umami taste perception, whereas T2R is involved in tasting bitter. Each taste receptor family consists of several polymorfismen, which makes the understanding of the taste perception mechanism more difficult.
Polymorfismen are DNA variations caused by errors arising during DNA replication. The polymorfismen are responsible for the gen variations in the taste receptors. These gen variations might change the eating behavior of individuals. This can be investigated by using 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) as a marker.
1.1 Taste system development and signaling information
The biological definition of taste is defined as sensations, which are mediated by a specialized anatomically and physiologically defined chemosensory gustatory system [1] .
All vertebrates have a functional taste system when they are born. This sensory system is important for animals to survive, for example in recognizing lethal substances in their food. During embryogenesis, the four basic elements of the taste system must connect accurately:
(1) Taste buds in the mouth and pharynx; (2) sensory neurons in the cranial nerve ganglia, which connect taste buds to (3) the hindbrain, which is connected to (4) nuclei in the brain [2] .
Taste buds are located in taste receptor cells from the gustatory system. Most of the taste buds are located in the tongue and belong to three types: foliate, vallate and fungiform.
Taste stimuli (for example water-soluble chemicals) interact with the apical ends of the taste receptor cells in the oral cavity. The binding of taste stimuli is responsible for the taste perception, which is generated by signals, which are transmitted to the brain via nerves.
Most of the taste stimuli cannot easily permeate the cell membrane and thereby bind to taste GPRC's. There are ligands though, like for example sodium and some bitter compounds which can penetrate the cell membrane. These particularly compounds might interact with intracellular targets to active taste receptors.
Taste perception is important as nutrients often contain toxic substances, which are associated with a bitter taste.
2. Tas1R and Tas2R, the taste receptor families
2.1 Taste receptor family, Tas1R
2.1.1 Discovery of Tas1R
The T1R receptor family has been discovered by means of two similar studies. The first study started to investigate genetic locus control of saccharin preference in mice. From this study it became clear that the preference of mice for saccharin involving free choice seems to be regulated by a single locus called Sac [3] . Two loci on chromosome 4, the Sac locus and dpa locus, were responsible for more then 50% of the genetic variability in sucrose intake and influenced the afferent responses of gustatory nerves to sweet compounds. This indicated that the Sac locus is involved in peripheral neural responses, which suggested (in 1997) that the Sac gene might encode a sweet taste receptor [4] .
The second study involved analyses and comparison of a taste bud enriched cDNA library. This study resulted in the discovery of potential taste receptors [5] , [6] .
However, another study rejected the latter assumption, in which became clear that Tas1r1 and Sac showed distinct locations.
The most important discovery came from positional cloning study in 2001. By genetic and physical mapping a genomic interval was limited to a 194kb DNA fragment. The DNA fragment could be sequenced and this identified the Tas1r3 gene, a member of the T1R family [7] .
2.1.2 Tas1R structure and ligand binding
Tas1R taste receptors can be divided in two groups: sweet (Tas1R2 + Tas1R3) and umami (Tas1R1 + Tas1R3) taste perception. Both groups belong to the C family GPCRs by their homology and sequence. This GPCR family is characterized by a typical 7-transmembrane helix and large extracellular domain (functioning as a orthosteric ligand binding domain). It is also known that family C GPCRs dimerize along their TM and extracellular domains. This is in contrast with most GPCRs, which dimerize along their TM domains.
The most important extracellular domains, for the activation of familie C receptors, are the venus flytrap module (VFTM, 500 residues) and the cysteine-rich domain (CRD, 70 residues) [8] , [9] .
The heptahelical domain (HD) is insignificant to the sequence of other GPCR's. There are however a few conserved residues in rhodopsin-like receptors which are conserved in family C GPCR's too. This suggests that these GPCR families might originate from a common ancestral gene.
Figure 2: Schematic representation of a family C GPCR. These receptors are characterized by a N-terminal extracellular VFTM (850 amino acids), which is interconnected to a HD via a CRD and terminated by a variable C-terminal intracellular tail.
extraextracellular VFTMFamily C receptors are activated by ligand binding within the VFTM, which is then transmitted to the TM domain and finally by cytoplasmic loops to the G-protein.
The sweet taste receptors has multiple binding sites for sugars and artificial sweet tasting compounds [10] . These binding sites might change because of gen variations within the taste receptors.
T1R ligand binding has been examined in two types of studies (ligand overview: attachment table 1). In the first study responses to taste stimuli in T1R transfected cells were analyzed by in vitro hetrologous expression experiments. The other study involved in vivo experiments, which examined taste responses in mice due to the effects of Tas1r genotypes.
Other experiments were set up as well to characterize the functional importance of the domains of T1R. These studies involved amongst others heterologous expression of various T1R polymorfismen from different species [11] .
The conformational change which takes places upon ligand binding is expected to be transmitted from the VFTM and CRD to the transmembrane domain, where it activates the G-protein at the cytoplasmic surface.
2.1.3 T1R gene variation and taste perception
To investigate the influence of T1R gene variation on taste perception, various studies in humans, rats and mice have been performed.Species variation in humans and strain variation in rats and mice has been taken into account.
Taste ligands are likely to bind to the N-terminus extracellular domain. This is were the majority of amino acid sequence variation occurs. From these studies it became clear as well that polymorfism TAS1R2 was particularly diverse compared to other human genes. Henceforth it was predicted that the variation in TAS1R contributes more to variation in sweet taste perception (depends on variation in TAS1R2 and TAS1R3) then umami taste perception (depends on variation in TAS1R1 and TAS1R3) [12] .
These experiments were insufficient though to establish the genetic determination of variations in taste receptor genes due to the fact that perception and preferences of sweet are affected by a range of variables like genetics, age, cultural believes and personal experiences [13] . As a result of these finding and knowledge an important question might be: which influence is stronger, the genetic preference for sweet or one's cultural believes and personal experiences? Each individual has its own personal experiences and cultural believes. So, why should this aspect been taken into account by doing these experiments? Are the investigators still looking for the genetic influences only or is it a mixture of different variables.
2.2 Taste receptor family, Tas2R
2.1.1 Discovery of Tas2R
I. Lush is a geneticist who predicted the existence of bitter taste receptors in 1995. He has been studying mouse strain differences in bitter taste perception and suggested the bitter and sweet tasting genes have evolved from a common ancestor. He suggested as well that this was caused by a process of differentiation and local duplication and that this evolution took place before the tetraploidization of the genome [14] .
Adler et al. and Matsunami et al. discovered the T2R genes in 2000. This new discovery was based on released human genome sequences, which were associated with genome regions of bitter taste perception in humans and mice.
Adler et al. was the first to discover a novel rodent GPCR, TAS2R1, which was expressed in a subset of taste receptor cells of the tongue. They examined a region of human chromosome 5 and showed that these T2Rs responds to 6-n-propyl-2-thioracil (PROP), which is often used as a marker for individual taste perception.
Matsunami et al. revealed related genes of TAS2R in human chromosome 7 and 12, by doing similarity searches. This group also found conserved syntheny of human chromosome 12 to mouse chromosome 6 containing the Soa (sucrose octaacetate aversion) locus, a bitter tasting gene. Several groups have identified other TAS2R genes. One of them is Conte et al. who revealed new TAS2R genes by starting an informatics homology based screen of human genome draft for sequences related to the TAS2R family of taste receptors. They first collected all TAS2R sequence information from public databases and the GeneSeq database (patented sequences): 50 entries of human TAS2R related sequences were discovered. "Two of those entries shared 98% identity, 20 were partial sequences, 12 contained at least one frameshift or a premature stop codon and 17 appeared to be full-length TAS2R genes". They then aligned all publicly available TAS2R receptor sequences and developed an HMM model characteristic of the TAS2R family to search in a database of protein translations of predicted human genes and in ORFs predicted in unannotated high-throughput genomic se- quences (HTGS). Sequences with more than 98 % nucleotide or amino acid identity were seen as identical. Sequences containing one or more disruptions in a ORF were considered as pseudogenes. From this experiment 11 human TAS2R genes (TAS2R51 to TAS2R61) and four pseudogenes (TAS2R62 to TAS2R65) were identified. These experimental findings were validated by PCR amplification of human genomic DNA.
2.2.2 Tas2R structure and ligand binding
Tas2R taste receptors are bitter-taste GPCR receptors. A bitter taste is normally seen as a warning for the human body and is associated with poisonous substances. 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) is a bitter-tasting compound and is used as a marker for individual taste perception. Insensitivity to PROP can arise from gen variations in the Tas2R38 gene [15] .
The coding region of Tas2R, like many other GPCRs consists of exons only and is fold into a TM, intracellular and extracellular domain [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] . This seems quite similar to other GPCRs, but these bitter taste receptors lack sequence relationships to other GPCRs and many other characteristics of typical GPCRs.
Mutations in Tas2 receptors are likely to occur in the extracellular parts, because the extracellular domains are less conserved than the transmembrane and intercellular domains.
Humans perceive many compounds as bitter, and this number is much larger than the number of TAS2R genes. This implies every TAS2R responds to more than one structurally diverse bitter compound. Failure in detecting such compounds, like strychnine, a natural occurring bitter compound might be fatal and is therefore very important [21] .
Figure 3: Schematic representation of TAS2R structure. Characterized by a seven TMD and a short extracellular N-terminus (300-330 amino acids).
It is remarkable that some of the TAS2Rs interact with a wide range of ligands, while some other T2Rs appear to have narrow ligand specificities. An overview of the ligands, which are detected for humans, rats, chimpanzees and mice can be seen in table 2.
In vitro and in vivo studies have been carried out to investigate T2R ligand specificity. Most of these studies were in vitro based though.
2.2.3 T2R gene variation and taste perception
TAS2R genes are responsible for a bitter taste perception and diversity in the coding sequence of these genes is known. This diversity can be responsible for differences in personal bitter taste perception. A relationship between taste perception and TAS2R genes has only been demonstrated for TAS2R38. This relationship might arise by variation in receptor function, which can alter the perceived qualities of food and thereby change nutrition intake. TAS2R38 is located on chromosome 7 and taste perception of this gene can be investigated by using PROP and PTC (PTC is also known as phenylthiocarbamide and phenylthiourea, which is an organic compound that normally tastes bitter. However a difference in genetic makeup might change the perception of this compound and therefore it tastes tasteless).
Allelic variants of TAS2R38 on chromosome 7q have shown a strong linkage between PTC perception and single nucleotide polymorphism. Three coding SNP gave rise to five haplotypes in this gene. These haplotypes completely explain the bimodal distribution of PTC taste sensitivity, thus accounting for the inheritance of the classically defined taste insensitivity and for 55 to 85% of the variance in PTC sensitivity. Distinct phenotypes were associated with specific haplotypes, which demonstrate that this gene has a direct influence on PTC taste sensitivity and that sequence variants at different sites interact with each other within the encoded gene product [22] .
2.2.4 Racial differences and TAS2R taste perception
Eating behavior is dependent on race. For example Japanese people eat raw fish, whereas most people from the Netherlands do not. This difference might come from eating habits taught from birth, but it might also come from taste gene polymorphism.
Figure 4: Distribution of sharing of SNPs across the investigated populations. The Y-axis represents the number of SNPs observed in the different populations. The breadth of distribution of the SNPs in categorized by a color, with different colors indicating the number of populations in which they are variable. The gray portion of each bar indicates the number of SNPs unique to that population, and the light blue portion indicates the number that are found in all populations tested. Population codes: Cameroonians (CAM); Amerindians (AME); Japanese (JAP); Hungarians (HUN); Pygmies (PYG)24 human TAS2R genes were sequences to identify the racial differences of African, Asian, European and North American people by looking at single nucleotide polymorphisms. The researches found a high degree of nucleotide variation (ranging from 1 SNP in TAS2R13 to 12 SNPs in TAS2R48). It was also discovered the Cameroonian population had the greatest number of alleles (the African population had also a great number of alleles, which was investigated in another study though [23] ). [24]
2.3 Dimerization of taste receptors
Dimerization is a well-known aspect for activation of tyrosine kinase receptors. This dimerization results from binding of a signal molecule to the extracellular domain of a tyrosine kinase receptor, causing two receptor molecules to dimerize. The signaling molecule is a dimer and can therefore cross-link two receptor molecules, which activate the tyrosine kinase receptor.
GPCRs were classically assumed to be function as a monomer and the signal transduction was based on this assumption. Nowadays it has been proved GPCRs can also form homodimers and heterodimers [25] .
Figure 5: Schematically representation of mGluR1 dimerization through two lobes 1 (LB1) of each monomermGluR1, a family C receptor, showed disulphide linked homodimers from which the active/resting conformation is modulated by the dimeric interface [26] . This receptor is also characterized by a N-terminal extracellular VFTM, like every other family C receptor. The VFTM region is important, because each VFTM monomer has two lobes that together form a clamshell. The dimerization between the monomers is caused by interaction of two lobes 1, the two lobes 2 are not involved in the dimerization (figure 5).
The crystal structure of mGluR1 matches the predicted secondary structures of helices and ß strands of the extracellular domain of TAS1R at almost every point.
Figure 6: Schematically picture of the orthosteric and allosteric binding sites of Family C dimerized GPCRsFrom this information it is expected that TAS1R dimerizes and binds ligands in a similar way as mGluR1 does.
Finally, some other studies have revealed the separation between orthosteric and allosteric binding sites for family C GPRCs (figure 6) [27] . It also became clear that allosteric binding of a ligand to one monomer can modulate the binding and function of the orthosteric ligand of the other monomer via cooperative binding [28] . An overview of some allosteric family C GPCR ligands can be found in attachment, figure 7.
Dimerization of TAS1R depends on the existence of a N-terminal extracellular VFTM. TAS2R is missing this extracellular domain and is thereby probably not dimerized.
Table 1: Overview of T1R ligands
Table 2: Overview of T2R ligands
Figure 7: overview of some allosteric family C GPCR ligands


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Cabot Circus has over 90 stylish shops for you to explore including Apple, Harvey Nichols, Joules, and Zara.
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The entrance to the cinema is on the top floor, Level 1 of Cabot Circus.
Cabot Circus is easily accessible and has great transport links. Here you will find all the information you need when visiting the centre.
Explore and locate the shops and eating options at the centr ...
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This season it's all about mesmerising eye makeup. Make sure your peepers are your best feature with a slick of eyeliner and some perfectly-placed eyeshadow. Want to know which new eye makeup trend is right for you? Read on…
If you're always rushed in the mornings, this is for you. Add a wash of shadow in a similar shade to your skin tone and blend from your lids to your brow bone. Then curl your lashes and add two coats of lengthening mascara like Tom Ford Ultra Length Mascara, £36, Harvey Nichols, for an 'I-woke-up-like-this' look.
Is it right for me? This look suits everyone, but if you want to make your eyes appear bigger and brighter, just line the inner rim of your lower lashes with white or nude-coloured kohl.
No wings (top centre)
We know you've spent years perfecting that cat-eye flick, but this season you'll have to park that talent. Instead, reach for a smudgy kohl like Charlotte Tilbury Rock 'N' Kohl, £19, House of Fraser, to line your upper and lower lashes and gently soften the line with a cotton bud for a beautiful, doe-eyed look. Easy peasy.
Is it right for me? Most people can carry off this look. If you've got small eyes use eye shadow to give them more depth and definition after you add the kohl. Light-coloured eyes suit grey or brown eyeliner rather than black, for a less dramatic look.
Smudged and smoked (top right)
This one demands you get your gloss on. Try a wash of shiny shadow like Bobbi Brown Long-Wear Cream Eyeshadow in Sandy Gold, £21, House of Fraser, on your lids, or mix your usual shadow with a slick of Vaseline.
Is it right for me? Low maintenance types might not enjoy constantly checking the mirror to ensure this sticky trend is still in place. But just adapt it – the level of shimmer can vary from a delicate sheen to a full-on, catwalk-esque wet-look.
Rainbow revival (left)
Who says eyeliner needs to be dark? Brighten up dreary days with a fabulous jewel tone that will cheer you up whenever you look in the mirror.
Is it right for me? Choose complementary shades that will enhance your eye colour. Green eyes look fabulous with a pop of violet, plum, bright pink or burgundy. Blue eyes dazzle in copper, gold or terracotta hues. Brown eyes can carry off most bright eyeliners, but look especially striking with a flash of cobalt blue. Grey eyes max up the mystery in purple, silver and gold, while lucky hazel-eyed types can wear pretty much anything. New Look does a great selection of coloured eyeliners. Try its Intense Teal Eye Liner Pencil, £2.49.
All that glitters (right)
The catwalk sparkled with fabulously frosted eyes, lined with flecks of glitter under the eye or near the brow bone. As with all eye makeup, be mindful of the expiry dates, so if you're still using that glitter liner from the 70s then now is the time to treat yourself to some brand new products.
Is it right for me? Glitter looks fun on every eye shape, but those with smaller eyes might prefer to use a shimmering iridescent shadow on their lids and inner corner of their eyes, with a slick of liner in a darker colour on their upper lash line and in the outer corners of their lower lash line. Try Multicolour Glitter Eyeliner, £7.90, Kiko Milano Cosmetics.
To find the look for you, book your free consultation with one of our makeup artists at the centre between Thursday 30th March – Sunday 2nd April 2017. Visit www.cabotcircus.com/events/super-event/your-5
A bright statement handbag is a fun purchase and could even become your signature look! Check out this guide to the best statement handbags from around Cabot Circus.
Getting little ones to help out in the kitchen is a great way to keep them entertained, here's our top picks of baking goodies from around Cabot Circus...
Cabot Circus, Glass House, Bristol., BS1 3BX


text: I've had it with paying a quid plus a litre for deisel, I really have. The Gobmint can do one. I shall run green and cheap on LPG. But what to buy, without getting stitched? My first choice would be a Rangey or a X5. But I aint spending £12k + on a motor. Not in the current climate, you know? So a Shogun V6 looks good. Something around 10 years old, big, and ideally under 100k miles. Anybody owned a LPG of that nature? Anybody know what to watch out for when buying LPG?


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With Spring practice having come to an end and newcomers set to join the squad soon, here is a look at how things are starting to pan out for the Syracuse Orange offense:
Heading into the Fall, Terrel Hunt appears most ready to take the reins of the offensive general position. He looks most comfortable in the pocket, throws more on target than his peers, and has led the team down the field better than others, placing them in scoring position.
John Kinder has passed Charley Loeb as Loeb continued to struggle as Spring practices went on, but neither has been consistently good at leading scoring drives.
Incoming Oklahoma Sooners' transfer Drew Allen and freshmen Austin Wilson and Mitch Kimble have some work to do to catch Hunt, but the number-two spot still seems wide open.
Running back:
Jerome Smith returns after gaining over 1,000 yards on the ground last season and appears to have only gotten faster. Already having produced while working to be faster in the open field puts Smith at the top of the pile of backs.
Prince-Tyson Gulley remained out of Spring practice due to a prior injury, but his ability to catch the ball, move between tackles, and breakaway speed should result in him sharing time with Smith once again.
Adonis Ameen-Moore and George Morris have shown value as extra options in the backfield. Ameen-Moore had three touchdowns in three games inside the "tank package" last season, which utilized his power. Syracuse also scored off of fakes to Ameen-Moore because of the success of his running.
Morris had the strongest Spring behind Smith. His ability to elude defenders while trying to find a lane and focus on staying inbounds as long as he can make him a threat the Orange cannot afford to leave completely off the field.
Wide receiver:
Jarrod West has the most field experience of those returning. Though quiet at times in the Spring, West became a constant threat in the Spring game, showing more fight in the open field to not only catch the ball, but to score.
Adrian Flemming had the best hands last Fall. Throughout his time at Fort Drum up to his ankle injury, Flemming secured more passes than his receiving peers. Though he has been utilized sparingly in his time at Syracuse, his hands are magnets that will provide more help on the field than on the bench.
Macauley Hill had a good showing at the Spring game, attacking after the catch and getting into the end zone. He joins Alvin Cornelius and incoming receivers Corey Cooper, Corey Winfield, and Brisly Estime in what looks to be a pretty wide open competition for field time behind West.
Tight end:
Beckett Wales is the returning starter, so he should get reps in games after showing his ability to catch.
Josh Parris was useful in the passing game in the Spring and his improvement could get him some time on the field as well.
A healthy Ron Thompson, who sat put all last season, and freshman Tyler Provo could make things even more interesting once they get onto the field and show their strengths.
Mackey MacPherson's return means he will be at the middle of the line once again. MacPherson was an integral part, with the rest of the offensive line, in helping both the passing and running elements of last season's squad to be more dangerous and productive than in recent years.
Jason Emerich has shown flashes of potential to become the next in line. With MacPherson on the roster, he will have to remain the second option for now as he works to become more of a lockdown lineman.
Sean Hickey, Ivan Foy, and Kyle Knapp are competing for the two available spots at left tackle and right tackle. Hickey played both, starting on the left side last season for an injured Justin Pugh and moving down to right tackle upon his return. His work on the left side helped lighten the blow of losing Pugh, while his play on the right aided in uplifting the weakest side of the line. Either side, he is a starter.
Foy spent last season sharing the right guard position with Rob Trudo in a revolving door-like fashion. He now eyes a move to tackle and holds the experience advantage over Knapp.
Knapp came in last season as a freshman who had less wrong with his mechanics and decision-making than some veterans. His continued hard work in practice should put him in the fight for the tackle position opposite Hickey.
Trudo has field experience from last season on the right side, helping the Orange to having just shy of two 1,000-yard backs in a single season. His place on the right side should remain in his grasp now with Foy attempting the move to tackle.
Omari Palmer had to wait his turn with Zack Chibane locked in at left guard last season and Trudo and Foy sharing the right side. With Chibane gone and Foy seeming to move, little stands in front of Palmer other than himself for the opposite guard spot to Trudo.


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Question: Writing a Program to calculate Circumference of planets reading from a file and writing to new file.
Hello, I would like to know how to write a program to read data from a file. Then use the numerical data within to then calculate the circumference of the planets. I then have to output the data into a new file.
The text file is Sun,860000 Mercury,4000 Venus,8000 Earth,8400 Mars,2500 Jupiter,135000 Saturn,100000 Uranus,75000 Neptune,70000 Pluto,2750
the integers represent the diameter. I have most of the code, but I am stumped when it comes to reading the file and writing to a new file. My code is as follows
package SBLab08; import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import java.math.*; /** * * @author ConfibulatoryMadness */ public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); int loop = 0; while(loop==0){ System.out.print("\nPlease enter the name of the input file - "); String Input_File = input.nextLine(); System.out.print("\nPlease specify the name of the output file - "); String Output_File = input.nextLine(); if(Input_File.equalsIgnoreCase(Output_File)){ System.out.print("\nThe output file must be different than the input one."); }else{ loop=1;} Scanner IF = new Scanner(new File(Input_File)); while( IF.hasNext() ){ String Seperator = (","); String lineFromFile = IF.nextLine(); String[] partsOfLine = lineFromFile.split( "," ); // "," should be defined as a constant // Use partsOfLine[ 0 ] for the name. // Calculated the circumference as Math.PI * Integer.parseInt( lineFromFile[ 1 ] ); // Both 0 and 1 can be defined as constants // Be sure NOT to calculate circumference twice because you need it for both the // console and file I/O. // Perform file I/O and console I/O here. } java.io.File New_Planet_Info = new java.io.File(Output_File); PrintWriter output = new PrintWriter(Output_File); System.out.print(IF); } }
} Where I have the comments in my code is an area where I could use the most help. Please Help.I need to also output to the user the new data included with the original data. and for 3.14 can i just use pi since I imported the math package? My output needs to look like this:
NAME DIAMETER CIRCUMFERENCE Sun 860000 2701770 Mercury 4000 12566 Venus 8000 25133 Earth 8400 26389 Mars 2500 7854 Jupiter 135000 424115 Saturn 100000 314159 Uranus 75000 235619 Neptune 70000 219911 Pluto 2750 8639
I wish this thing would display my text just like it is, it almost looks like a table. My teacher is really anal on detail.Basically I have to call the file into the scanner/reader, extract the numerical data, calculate the circumference then save it to another file. Then output the newly saved file to the user. I made this post previously but I am concerned that the user who had gave their answer can't see that I am commenting on it.
Thank You Confibulatory Madness
import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import java.math.*; public class Main{ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.print("\nPlease enter the name of the input file - "); String Input_File = input.nextLine(); System.out.print("\nPlease specify the name of the output file - "); String Output_File = input.nextLine(); BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(new File(Output_File),true)); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File(Input_File))); String strLine; ArrayList list=new ArrayList(); while((strLine = br.readLine()) != null){ list.add(strLine); } Iterator itr; for (itr=list.iterator(); itr.hasNext(); ){ String str=itr.next().toString(); String [] splitSt =str.split(","); String planet="",diameter=""; for (int i = 0 ; i < splitSt.length ; i++) { planet=splitSt[0]; diameter=splitSt[1]; } double r=Double.parseDouble(diameter)/2; double circumference=2*Math.PI*r; long cir=Math.round(circumference); bw.write(planet+"\t "+diameter+"\t "+Long.toString(cir)); bw.newLine(); } bw.close(); } }


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Philosophy Lexicon of Arguments
|Meta data
|Jackson, Frank C.
Books on Amazon:
Frank C. Jackson
|Proper Names
|Stalnaker I 211
Name/Reference/Jackson: For example, let us assume a language that excludes the reference determination of names. It would still have the power of expressing "to say to some extent how things are"
Stalnaker: if there was such a thing, it would make sense to say that the reference determination is part of the descriptive content of names.
Jack I
F. C. Jackson
From Metaphysics to Ethics: A Defence of Conceptual Analysis Oxford 2000
Sta I
R. Stalnaker
Ways a World may be Oxford New York 2003


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Last Diwali saw plenty of fireworks at the box office with Kamal Haasan's stylish thriller Thoongavanam clashing with Ajith's mass masala entertainer Vedalam.
This year doesn't hold as much excitement. Five films were to compete for screens this Diwali but Vishal's Kaththi Sandai, GV Prakash's Kadavul Irukkan Kumaru and Vijay Antony's Saithan have backed out of the race.
This Diwali will see the release of Dhanush's Kodi and Karthi's Kaashmora. Both Dhanush and Karthi are powerful performers and that's why their films are expected to do well this festive season.
As a producer of exceptional films like Kaaka Muttai and Visaranai, Dhanush won national and international acclaim recently. Unfortunately, he has not been as lucky as an actor. His films Maari, Thanga Magan and Thodari did not any impact at the box office. His last big hit was 2014's Velaiilla Pattadhari.
But expectations are high for his latest offering Kodi. The film is directed by RS Durai Senthilkumar of Ethir Neechal and Kakki Sattai fame. A political thriller, it's making all the right noises and will see Dhanush in a dual role.
The lovely Trisha teams up with Dhanush for the first time, and the film also stars Premam fame Anupama E Parameswaran. The film has music by Santhosh Narayanan, while national award-winning filmmaker Vetrimaaran's Grass Root Film Company has produced the film.
Karthi stunned everyone with his dramatic tonsured look in the first poster of Gokul's dark fantasy film Kaashmora. The film is touted to be Karthi's first big budget film and portrays him in three roles in different eras.
The actor will be seen romancing the gorgeous Nayanthara, who plays a princess, for the first time on screen. Sri Divya, who has already had three releases this year Bangalore Naatkal, Pencil and Marudhu essays a significant role supported by veteran actor Vivek and Sharath Lohitashwa
Related Posts


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March 31, 2017
New locations for certain stores!
Some boutiques have moved and now have a new space at DIX30. Discover their new locations!
March 21, 2017
"New, Newer, Newerest" is the motto of our latest décor destination at the Quartier, Urban Barn.
October 30, 2016
Crafted in 2016, Thread + Copper is a fresh idea that is enriched with a wealth of fashion from around the world.
October 30, 2016
Matt & Nat is now open in the Square!
The idea for MAT(T)ERIAL and NATURE came to life in 1995, in the vibrant city of Montreal.
October 1, 2016
Men's clothing and accessories store Frank + Oak is now open in the Square.
September 30, 2016
Editorial is now open in the Square! Editorial carries an eclectic mix of affordable and streetwear brands exclusively such as Brian Lichtenberg, Boy London, Dimepiece & Unif.
June 20, 2016
Chocolats Favoris, a must-stop destination for any chocolate-lover is now open on Avenue des Lumières.
June 14, 2016
Porsche Rive-Sud | City Showroom, located in the Square is now open with its innovative concept unique in North America!
December 4, 2015
On Friday, December 4th, Breakout opened its doors at the Quartier DIX30 in Brossard.
December 3, 2015
August 15, 2015
July 20, 2015
Salades Sensation is now open in the Cité DIX30 and offers fresh ingredients, homemade salad dressings, artisanal breads and large pinches of smiles, all prepared with love and passion.
July 18, 2015
Mitsuki Sushi is now open in the Adonis sector of Quartier DIX30. It is a can't miss destination for any sushi-lover.
July 8, 2015
Crux Comptoir, now open in the Square, offers a refreshing beverage experience rich in vitamins, minerals and nutrients.
May 8, 2015
Men's fashion retailer, Ernest, is now open at Quartier DIX30.
What sets Ernest apart is selection, from designer suits, sporty and casual wear to top quality leathers and a wide range of clothing accessories.
May 1, 2015
KandJu, a candy-lover's paradise, is now open for business in the Square at Quartier DIX30.
May 1, 2015
DAVIDsTEA, tea specialist, has opened its newest location in the Square at Quartier DIX30.
April 19, 2015
Maska, Italian couture boutique, is now open in the Square at Quartier DIX30.
April 10, 2015
Bulk Barn opened its doors at Quartier DIX30.
At Bulk Barn we carry over 4,000 products — everything from soup to nuts, candy, snacks, baking and candy-making ingredients and supplies, cereals, grains, spices from the everyday to the exotic, dried fruits, nutritional vitamins and supplements, health and natural food products, pet food, plus everything you need to throw a great party.
April 9, 2015
The Balthazar is now open in the Square at Quartier DIX30.
The Balthazar is a pub-restaurant specialized microbrewery beer exclusively from Quebec.
April 1, 2015
Ofélia is aboutique dedicated to stylish women where you will find the latest fashion trends in a very inspiring atmosphere, surrounded by inspiring people.
April 1, 2015
The biggest Zara in Canada opened its doors in the Square at the Quartier DIX30.


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Patients harmed by surgeon 'playing God'
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 17:10:53 GMT
Ian Paterson conducted "extensive, life-changing operations for no medically-justifiable reason".
North Korea crisis: North test-fires ballistic missile
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:37:03 GMT
The test of a North Korean ballistic missile appears to have failed, South Korean military says.
Debbie Douglas on her breast surgeon Ian Paterson
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 14:01:23 GMT
Debbie Douglas speaks about surgeon Ian Paterson, who's guilty of intentionally wounding patients.
Westminster terror suspect identified
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 17:06:15 GMT
The man held on Thursday is former London schoolboy Khalid Mohamed Omar Ali, the BBC understands.
Willesden shooting: Police foil 'active terror plot'
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 17:42:38 GMT
A 21-year-old woman is shot by police, and six people are arrested, as part of an anti-terror operation.
Gunpoint victim explains astonishing cool
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:00:44 GMT
A cashier at Jimmy John's takeaway in Kansas City, Missouri tells the BBC how he kept his astonishing cool when a robber stuck a gun in his face.
Mike Samwell car theft death: Man charged with murder
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 19:50:02 GMT
Ryan Gibbons, 29, is also accused of burglary after ex-Royal Navy officer Mike Samwell was killed.
Isle of Wight MP steps down after 'gay danger remark'
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 20:28:55 GMT
Andrew Turner was said to have told sixth formers homosexuality was "wrong" and "dangerous to society".
Trump executive order aims to allow Arctic drilling
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 22:18:57 GMT
The US president said he hoped the new order would create "thousands and thousands" of jobs.
Smartphone 'orders' body to treat diabetes
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:08:18 GMT
A fusion of biology and technology is an "exciting glimpse" of medicine's future, scientists say.
Heads urged 'to vigorously oppose grammars'
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:14:27 GMT
Heads will be told grammar school expansion in England is "for the few at the expense of the many".
Joshua and Klitschko weigh in
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 13:34:30 GMT
Anthony Joshua and Wladimir Klitschko face off ahead of Saturday's heavyweight boxing showdown.
Bridegroom who raped stranger hours before wedding jailed for life
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 16:59:47 GMT
Derry McCann married his pregnant partner hours after raping a woman in an east London park.
The Papers: Focus on 'butcher surgeon' conviction
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 22:21:15 GMT
The papers are dominated by the story of a surgeon who was convicted of intentionally wounding patients.
10 things we didn't know last week
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:38:39 GMT
Miley Cyrus is in Guardians of the Galaxy, and more news nuggets.
Lancashire vegan explains taxidermy business
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:51:32 GMT
Nicola Hebson "recycles" road-kill and says she likes the idea of the animals being "reborn" into art.
Week in pictures: 22-28 April 2017
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:42:39 GMT
A selection of the best news photographs from around the world, taken over the past week.
In case you missed it: Cuba's got crabs
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:22:24 GMT
And other stories you missed this week.
The 'cardinal's' tips on how to become a fashion king
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:38:46 GMT
'Cardinal' Ekoumany is the President of the Ivory Coast Sapeurs. Video produced by Daniel South
Three vloggers talk directly to their mental illnesses.
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:46:03 GMT
Three vloggers are speaking directly to their mental illnesses.
Ed Balls Day is bigger than ever
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 10:17:04 GMT
Ed Balls Day is the social media mishap which has been celebrated on 28 April for the past six years
BBC News Channel
Fri, 17 Feb 2017 09:41:12 GMT
BBC coverage of latest developments
'Did you enjoy being pregnant?' - Bananarama revisit old Smash Hits questions
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:24:34 GMT
Is there life on Mars? Did you enjoy being pregnant? Bananarama tackle questions from the 1980s.
'I have dark thoughts about my children's autism'
Sat, 29 Apr 2017 00:09:46 GMT
Parents of disabled children are often positive about the situation - but one mother says her children's autism has left her with "dark thoughts".
Trumponomics: 100 days quiz - can you take on The Donald?
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 14:48:40 GMT
Test your knowledge of the first 100 days of Donald Trump's Presidency
General election 2017: Do strong leaders make good prime ministers?
Sat, 29 Apr 2017 00:52:31 GMT
There is a stark difference between a strong leader and a strong leadership, says Archie Brown.
When Adolf Hitler confidante Unity Mitford came to stay
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 23:49:27 GMT
One of the high-society Mitford sisters, Unity, caused a scandal thanks to her relationship with Adolf Hitler. So how did she end up in a Warwickshire vicarage?
One family's story of the housing market generation gap
Sat, 29 Apr 2017 00:45:22 GMT
A father and son's experiences of starting out on the housing ladder
Expats, exports, security: The things worrying the EU about Brexit
Thu, 27 Apr 2017 23:01:58 GMT
What are the political priorities in Berlin, Paris, Rome, Madrid and Warsaw?
Joshua v Klitschko - Wlad tires to turn back the clock
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 09:36:43 GMT
Anthony Joshua says he has "no fear at all" while Wladimir Klitschko seeks to prove his doubters wrong at Wembley Stadium on Saturday.
General election 2017: Key Corbyn allies not selected by Labour
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 19:18:20 GMT
Failing to get Jeremy Corbyn supporters nominated could have significance beyond the next election.
Cardiff City 0-2 Newcastle United
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 20:36:38 GMT
Newcastle United keep their slim hopes of winning the Championship title alive with a comfortable win at Cardiff City.
Tottenham stadium: Club will play home games at Wembley in 2017-18
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 16:12:53 GMT
Tottenham confirm that they will play their home games at Wembley during the 2017-18 season.
World Championship 2017: Mark Selby & Ding Junhui level at 12-12 in semi-final
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 22:00:18 GMT
Mark Selby and Ding Junhui are all square at 12-12 in their thrilling World Championship semi-final.
Ilie Nastase: Romania's Fed Cup captain to quit game if punished by ITF
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 17:34:37 GMT
Ilie Nastase says he will quit tennis if he is banned over the derogatory comments he made about Serena William's unborn child.
Russian Grand Prix: Sebastian Vettel leads a Ferrari 1-2 in second practice
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 14:19:02 GMT
Sebastian Vettel leads a Ferrari 1-2 in second practice at the Russian Grand Prix as F1 champions Lewis Hamilton struggles.
Premiership: Harlequins 32-13 Wasps
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 21:55:53 GMT
Nick Evans kicks 22 points in his final game at The Stoop to boost Harlequins' top-six hopes with victory over leaders Wasps.
Stuttgart Open: Maria Sharapova receiving 'extra help' says semi-final opponent
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 22:52:56 GMT
Maria Sharapova is receiving "extra help" to qualify for tournaments following her 15-month doping ban, says Kristina Mladenovic.
General election 2017: UKIP needed to stop Brexit 'backsliding'
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 11:46:47 GMT
Paul Nuttall says Brexit is a "job half done" and UKIP MPs are needed to see it through.
Crowdfunding the election: How to pay for snap campaign
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 10:45:24 GMT
Election candidates are turning to crowdfunding sites to raise money for the snap general election.
What deals, pacts and alliances are forming?
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 13:02:30 GMT
UKIP and the Greens are making electoral pacts with rival parties - what's going on?
Reality Check: Has a city the size of Newcastle come to the UK?
Fri, 28 Apr 2017 16:26:18 GMT
UKIP's Paul Nuttall compares migration figures with the populations of UK cities.
The people too 'disillusioned' to vote in election
Thu, 27 Apr 2017 23:37:01 GMT
More people stayed away from the ballot box than voted for the winning party in Stoke-on-Trent at the last election.
General election 2017: How do I register to vote?
Fri, 21 Apr 2017 02:48:22 GMT
Don't get left outside on polling day - beat the deadline to have your say in the general election.
Why do politicians keep repeating the same slogans?
Thu, 27 Apr 2017 16:41:08 GMT
The Tories crammed 16 mentions of their election slogan into Prime Minister's Questions - does the tactic work?
Reality Check: How much does pensions triple-lock cost?
Thu, 27 Apr 2017 16:56:54 GMT
How does the cost of the triple-lock compare with other ways of protecting pensions?
Where do the main parties stand on Brexit?
Thu, 27 Apr 2017 05:56:53 GMT
Ahead of the UK's general election, a look at where the parties stand on Brexit.
The seats that could decide the election
Mon, 24 Apr 2017 13:36:27 GMT
Where do the Conservatives, Labour and the Lib Dems have to fight hardest to win the general election?
General election 2017: How many people are registering to vote?
Sat, 22 Apr 2017 15:00:39 GMT
Government figures show it is young people dominating registrations ahead of the election on 8 June.


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How to get more downloads, extend your reach,
improve engagement, and win the business.
For purists, white papers are long documents (more than four pages) that describe a product, company, or process and is written in the third person. In today's blogging, digital world, this strict definition doesn't apply nearly as often as the seasoned marketer would like.
A white paper, according to more-recent definitions, is a six- to eight-page marketing document to help your prospects, leads, and customers understand an issue or solve a problem they have. White papers are classified as inbound content or content marketing and can be invaluable when working to build trust between your company and your constituents.
If your document doesn't fit this description, consider other monikers to make it even more enticing: eBook, eZine, Guide, Coloring Book, Big Book of [Whatever], Collection, Illustrated Guide to [Whatever], and Special Report are just a few ideas. (We'll use white paper as a collective term in the balance of this document.) No matter what you call your document, a great white paper always starts with a great design.


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Notice a categorization error? Let us know by clicking [alert editor] on the recipe page, in the ingredients box.
ziti pasta
Vegetarian - Baked Ziti Pasta
uncooked ziti pasta
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Three-cheese ziti pasta bake
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Baked Ziti I


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Disney Sea - Japan 2014 - Day 1Monday, May 12, 2014
So our very first day in Japan was arriving late in the evening. We met up with my sister who was living there at the time on a contract with Tokyo Disney/Disney Sea (She works with the characters.) So there's not much to report on that day. Our first real day was spent at Disney Sea, Tokyo Disney's second park. We loved it there! I'll admit it was a bit odd, spending our first day in a foreign country at a theme park, but it was also a nice introductory to my sister's lifestyle and a way to ease into the culture through something familiar. I'll leave you with our photos. If you have any questions about specifics, ask in the comments and I'll elaborate.


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Worldwide LCC share prices generally gained on Monday (13-Jul-09), with Norwegian Air Shuttle leading the way, with an 8.3% increase. The carrier is scheduled to release its second quarter financial figures today. Also in Europe, easyJet and Ryanair both gained 3.5%.
In the US, AirTran, Allegiant, JetBlue and Southwest all rose amid a stronger session on Wall Street.
In the Asia Pacific region, AirAsia's shares were up 0.9%, despite overall market weakness and Virgin Blue fell 4.9% as the carrier's management stated it sees "capital management initiatives as appropriate, given prevailing macro-economic conditions", but its Board "had not approved any such transaction as has been reported".
Selected LCCs daily share price movements (% change): 13-Jul-09
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It's not generally something you do every day.
Palate. Characteristics. Body.
Planning a family reunion takes a lot of work, but it's well worth it when the event comes off without a glitch.
How to Choose a Corporate Retreat Location
Topics: Corporate>
Topics: Business retreat>
Topics: Business meeting
You've got high hopes for your corporate retreat.
ROI needs to be rock-solid, and your planning can set the stage for its success.
The activities that you plan for during the retreat not only determines its success; it's the location that can also make or break the event.
Staff Retreat Ideas for Food That'll Boost Productivity
Topics: Corporate>
Topics: Business retreat>
Topics: Dining
Putting on a great staff retreat means more than just creating goals.
The foundation of an effective business retreat starts with the food. After all, it's what will power your team through the often-long planning and strategic-thinking sessions.
But you want to avoid that afternoon dip in energy and keep productivity flowing all day long. With the right food and drink choices, you can do just that.
Flowers and budget CAN go hand-in-hand – if you do them right.
Mother Daughter Getaway: A Planning Guide for the Perfect Trip
Topics: Getaway>
Topics: Relax and Rewind
You don't have to head abroad or to the Caribbean to plan a mother daughter getaway to remember.
Interested in wine but don't know much about it?
How to Plan to Elope in Ohio
Topics: Wedding
The large guest list, dealing with multiple vendors, the cost -- these are just a few of the things that make planning for the best day of your life a big headache.
How to Plan a Girlfriend Getaway That's Good for Your Health
Topics: Girlfriend Getaway>
Topics: Relax and Rewind
Everybody knows that going on vacation is good for your mental health.
Do you dream about bratwurst at night?
When you drink a good glass of wine, you know it.
Summer weddings are naturally gorgeous. There's the beautiful blue skies, flowers are in bloom, and the bright, crisp air lends itself to a more beautiful bride and a very special day.
Morning, noon or night, if you're looking for elegant dining without having to travel far, don't forget to look up a small hotel in Ohio. While overnight guests appreciate a small hotel's luxury amenities and over-the-top service, you don't have to book a stay to take advantage of top-quality amenities.


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Well Established Repair Shop #344921 posted Nov 19, 2013
- South Dakota, United States
- $110,000
Take advantage of this 2500 square foot repair shop by adding additional repair mechanics and watch your profits grow! Well established shop with 11 years of building a loyal customer base, this shop offers repairs and service on many types of motors including but not limited to: boats, cars, and even...
Multi Unit Car Repair Franchise #464527 posted Mar 13, 2017
- South Dakota, United States
- $499,000
Multi-unit national franchise car repair business in eastern South Dakota available for sale. This is a well established business, providing general car repair services and minor retail parts. Currently the business has more than one location, with additional locations open for expansion. All assets...
Auto Body Collision Repair/Painting & Real Estate #457513 posted Nov 8, 2016
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Well established & reputable Auto Body Repair & Painting business located in a City with a strong economy in Central North Dakota. The Business has been operating for 30 years and has built a strong reputation for honest and fair dealings with customers and quality work, it is well respected within...
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RX Mode (Receiver Mode)
- Connect the device to your non Bluetooth headphone/home speakers or car stereo system with 3.5mm audio cable.
- Pair the receiver to your Bluetooth smart device.
- Now you can enjoy your music through your headphone, speakers, home stereo system/car stereo system, or answer hands free calls.
TX Mode (Transmitter Mode)
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- Bluetooth Version: 4.1
- Frequency Range: 2.4GHz
- Output Power Category: Class 2
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- Bluetooth Range: Up to 33 feet
- Battery: 180mAh
- Working Current: 15mA (MAX)
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#VegfestUKLondon2015 Event Programme now available to view online
Programme also available in print at the event at £1 each
Pink fluffy guitar playing pig Pig Freud to embark on tour of UK vegan festivals in Autumn 2015
Tour aims to fundraise for grassroots regional vegan outreach groups worldwide
VegfestUK Brighton 2016 website now live for bookings
Book and pay by Aug 31st to get 10% discount on your stall
Vote now at VegfestUK Awards 2015
Voting closes September 26th midnight; awards ceremony on October 10th at 5pm in Main Auditorium @ VegfestUK London
Advance tickets for London now on sale with many BOGOFs - #BringAFriendToVegfest
BUY ONE GET ONE FREE till Sept 10th, BUY ONE GET ONE HALF PRICE till Oct 3rd (subject to availability)
- @OctoLondon @JamesTeaCook check t.co/i0mGiicNFv and t.co/UjtsdKydlB for our own events in October 1⦠t.co/JTfjb5o4oD
- Kettering will welcome its first-ever vegan festival on May 27th 2017 at the Ise Lodge Community Centre. The... t.co/0MLPopZsZZ
- A Taste of Thailand will be serving their authentic vegan thai cuisine at VegfestUK Bristol 2017. Make sure to... t.co/WCXaNMe8od
Tower Hill Stables Animal Sanctuary
Tower Hill Stables Animal Sanctuary
Tower Hill Stables are the chosen guests of honour at VegfestUK Bristol 2015.
This description of Fiona's work with the animals was written by the late Kaylie Day (1930-2014). Kaylie was a volunteer fundraiser who worked tirelessly as an animal advocate throughout her life and who will always be in our thoughts...
- Unwanted Staffies and similar
- Horses past their prime
- Pigs, Sheep, Cows: Low ranking animals mostly regarded as Agricultural products
When the animals that fall into the above categories hit trouble, their future is bleak and very few survive, which is very upsetting for those of us who truly care about all creatures. For such people, it is very distressing to know that some animals are very unpopular, and others are our victims from birth to slaughter, sad facts that some of us find very hard to live with, yet find ourselves helpless to change the ways of this world.
Writing to M.P's does not work, pleading with religious groups often proves fruitless. Attending demonstrations may get momentary recognition but a week later all is forgotten. So into this depressing scene, let this writer introduce a ray of hope. For there truly is a Sanctuary called Tower Hill Stables Animal Sanctuary founded by Fiona Oakes, and now run by her with the help of her partner Martin and her very charismatic mother Meg.
Three people who have achieved so much and with your help they hope to achieve much more. It is their wish to always help the least fortunate animals and the Sanctuary currently houses just over 400 creatures, all of whom are happy, contented, warm, well fed and much loved. In fact they all look like animals in their prime and most of them have managed to forget about their past troubles, suffering, dejection and rejection.
However, the truth is that these animals, when they arrived at the Sanctuary, were often in a shocking condition and if they had not been rescued they would have had only pain and a horrible death to follow.
So many victims, all unwanted, frequently neglected and often cruelly treated, the list is endless, some of the dogs were trained for dog fighting by monsters and then left wounded to fend for themselves. Horses that could no longer perform to their owners requirements and their only reward after a life time of service, would have been the meat market. Rabbits left in squalid hutches without adequate food or water, as the child the rabbit was bought for grew tired of caring for his/her pet. Pigs left in utter squalor without food and water or bedding and mercilessly cramped together in conditions which deteriorated even further, when their owner was prosecuted for neglect. Naturally his punishment did not fit the crime but the pigs were moved to Tower Hill Stables Animal Sanctuary and that was a real victory.
An injured cow, unwanted as her vet bills would be too high. Another cow said to be bad tempered or even dangerous, well as her calves were regularly removed from her shortly after birth, her anger was justified. Both now happily settled and living with a third cow with a similar history.
There are also 30 sheep in residence, these have mostly been rescued from a local farm, when they were born to cull ewes, who either died giving birth or were just to worn out to produce milk for their lambs. All faced a hasty extinction, some would be left to die, by removing food and water. Yes, modern farming is all about profit and compassion does not enter the equation.
There are also 30 sheep in residence, these have mostly been rescued from a local farm, when they were born to cull ewes, who either died giving birth or were just to worn out to produce milk for their lambs. All faced a hasty extinction, some would be left to die, by removing food and water. Yes, modern farming is all about profit and compassion does not enter the equation.
So again, Fiona to the rescue, who took the orphan lambs and the very weak mothers with their offspring. All had to be bottle fed, kept warm and the ewes needed special care to restore them to health. Very time consuming but very rewarding. And now a flock of healthy happy sheep reside at Tower Hill and they can be seen running with the horses. A lovely scene that depicts peace and tranquillity.
To add to all this, 40 cats also reside with Fiona. They are not house cats as this would prove impossible, as the 38 dogs would not tolerate the intrusion. However they all have access to warm stables, or barns or other nooks and crannies of their choice. They can also visit seven different feeding stations, be as sociable as they wish, or indifferent if they prefer it that way. Anyway, they have all opted to stay and most are friendly and enjoy being stroked. All look in excellent condition, well they should, they are fed on top quality food and water is always available. So, certainly their lot has improved, as like all other of Fiona's animals most of these were throw outs, unwanted then they became pregnant, or just the once loved pet that was found to be inconvenient when it came to holiday time, or vet bills kicked in. The same old story, but now they too have a secure home.
Yes Tower Hill Stables Animal Sanctuary is a remarkable oasis for all the animals, that were once no-hopers and who would have left this world in agony, without anybody to either know or let alone care.
If you would like to support Fiona, Martin and Meg's work you can do this by adopting one of the animals, we now offer for this purpose. They have been chosen, as true representatives of all who live here. For all have similar histories and very sad stories. So by selecting one or even two, you will in fact be helping over 400 once forsaken creatures, but now living in the place where the unwanted are always welcome.
For this sanctuary, which has been running for eighteen years, is run by three people, who believe in, and act upon compassion. When animals are in dire need, they do their utmost to help. They cannot save the whole world, but they have made an enormous difference to those they have rescued both past and present. For one has to include the hundreds of animals, who received their care, before leaving this life. All of whom are remembered with affection, and all left this world, knowing that humans can be kind, considerate and caring.
A great achievement and one that we should all be grateful for.