text:
Macedonia Population: 2,087,1713 VISITORS FROM HERE!
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|Macedonia gained its independence peacefully from Yugoslavia in 1991. Greece's objection to the new state's use of what it considered a Hellenic name and symbols delayed international recognition, which occurred under the provisional designation of "the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia." In 1995, Greece lifted a 20-month trade embargo and the two countries agreed to normalize relations, but the issue of the name remained unresolved and negotiations for a solution are ongoing. Since 2004, the United States and over 130 other nations have recognized Macedonia by its constitutional name, Republic of Macedonia. Some ethnic Albanians, angered by perceived political and economic inequities, launched an insurgency in 2001 that eventually won the support of the majority of Macedonia's ethnic Albanian population and led to the internationally brokered Ohrid Framework Agreement, which ended the fighting and established guidelines for the creation of new laws that enhanced the rights of minorities. Fully implementing the Framework Agreement, maintaining momentum on democratic reforms, and stimulating economic growth and development continue to be challenges for Macedonia, although progress has been made over the past several years.
Landlocked; major transportation corridor from Western and Central Europe to Aegean Sea and Southern Europe to Western Europe
|Southeastern Europe, north of Greece
|Geographic coordinates:
| total: 25,713 sq km
land: 25,433 sq km
water: 280 sq km
Size comparison: slightly larger than Vermont
|Land Boundaries:
| total: 766 km
border countries: Albania 151 km, Bulgaria 148 km, Greece 246 km, Kosovo 159 km, Serbia 62 km
|0 km (landlocked)
|Maritime claims:
|none (landlocked)
|warm, dry summers and autumns; relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall
|mountainous territory covered with deep basins and valleys; three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line; country bisected by the Vardar River
|Elevation extremes:
| lowest point: Vardar River 50 m
highest point: Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,764 m
|Natural resources:
|low-grade iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, manganese, nickel, tungsten, gold, silver, asbestos, gypsum, timber, arable land
|Land use:
| arable land: 16.1%
permanent crops: 1.36%
other: 82.54% (2011)
|Irrigated land:
|1,278 sq km (2004)
|Natural hazards:
|high seismic risks
|Current Environment Issues:
|air pollution from metallurgical plants
|International Environment Agreements:
| party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
|^Back to Top
| noun: Macedonian(s)
adjective: Macedonian
|Ethnic groups:
|Macedonian 64.2%, Albanian 25.2%, Turkish 3.9%, Roma (Gypsy) 2.7%, Serb 1.8%, other 2.2% (2002 census)
|Macedonian (official) 66.5%, Albanian (official) 25.1%, Turkish 3.5%, Roma 1.9%, Serbian 1.2%, other 1.8% (2002 census)
|Macedonian Orthodox 64.7%, Muslim 33.3%, other Christian 0.37%, other and unspecified 1.63% (2002 census)
|2,087,171 (July 2013 est.)
|Age structure:
| 0-14 years: 17.9% (male 193,507/female 180,157)
15-24 years: 14.3% (male 154,084/female 144,908)
25-54 years: 43.8% (male 463,282/female 450,261)
55-64 years: 11.9% (male 121,097/female 127,742)
65 years and over: 12.1% (male 108,324/female 143,809) (2013 est.)
|Dependency ratios:
| total dependency ratio: 40.9 %
youth dependency ratio: 23.5 %
elderly dependency ratio: 17.4 %
potential support ratio: 5.7 (2013)
|Median age:
| total: 36.5 years
male: 35.4 years
female: 37.6 years (2013 est.)
|Population growth rate:
|0.22% (2013 est.)
|Birth rate:
|11.72 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
|Death rate:
|9 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
|Net migration rate:
|-0.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
| urban population: 59% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 0.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
|Major urban areas - population:
|SKOPJE (capital) 480,000 (2009)
|Sex ratio:
| at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.08 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female
total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
|Mother's mean age at first birth:
|26 (2010 est.)
|Maternal mortality rate:
|10 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
|Infant mortality rate:
| total: 8.11 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.35 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 7.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
|Life expectancy at birth:
| total population: 75.58 years
male: 73.03 years
female: 78.33 years (2013 est.)
|Total fertility rate:
|1.59 children born/woman (2013 est.)
|Health expenditures:
|7.1% of GDP (2010)
|Physicians density:
|2.55 physicians/1,000 population (2006)
|Hospital bed density:
|4.5 beds/1,000 population (2009)
|Drinking water source:
| improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 99% of population
total: 100% of population
urban: 0% of population
rural: 1% of population
total: 0% of population (2010 est.)
|Sanitation facility access:
| improved:
urban: 92% of population
rural: 82% of population
total: 88% of population
urban: 8% of population
rural: 18% of population
total: 12% of population (2010 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
|less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
|fewer than 200 (2007 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - deaths:
|fewer than 100 (2003 est.)
|Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
|21.1% (2008)
|Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
|1.8% (2005)
|Education expenditures:
| definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97.4%
male: 98.7%
female: 96% (2011 est.)
|School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
| total: 13 years
male: 13 years
female: 14 years (2010)
|Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
| total: 55.3%
male: 55.7%
female: 54.8% (2011)
|^Back to Top
|Country name:
| conventional long form: Republic of Macedonia
conventional short form: Macedonia
local long form: Republika Makedonija
local short form: Makedonija note: the provisional designation used by the UN, EU, and NATO is the "former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" (FYROM)
former: People's Republic of Macedonia, Socialist Republic of Macedonia
|Government type:
|parliamentary democracy
| name: Skopje
geographic coordinates: 42 00 N, 21 26 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
|Administrative divisions:
|71 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Aracinovo, Berovo, Bitola, Bogdanci, Bogovinje, Bosilovo, Brvenica, Caska, Centar Zupa, Cesinovo-Oblesevo, Cucer Sandevo, Debar, Debarca, Delcevo, Demir Hisar, Demir Kapija, Dojran, Dolneni, Gevgelija, Gostivar, Grad Skopje, Gradsko, Ilinden, Jegunovce, Karbinci, Kavadarci, Kicevo, Kocani, Konce, Kratovo, Kriva Palanka, Krivogastani, Krusevo, Kumanovo, Lipkovo, Lozovo, Makedonska Kamenica, Makedonski Brod, Mavrovo i Rostusa, Mogila, Negotino, Novaci, Novo Selo, Ohrid, Pehcevo, Petrovec, Plasnica, Prilep, Probistip, Radovis, Rankovce, Resen, Rosoman, Sopiste, Staro Nagoricane, Stip, Struga, Strumica, Studenicani, Sveti Nikole, Tearce, Tetovo, Valandovo, Vasilevo, Veles, Vevcani, Vinica, Vrapciste, Zelenikovo, Zelino, Zrnovci
|8 September 1991 (referendum by registered voters endorsed independence from Yugoslavia)
|National holiday:
|Independence Day, 8 September (1991); also known as National Day
|adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991; amended November 2001, 2005, and in 2009 note: amended November 2001 by a series of new constitutional amendments strengthening minority rights, in 2005 with amendments related to the judiciary, and in 2009 with amendments related to the threshold required to elect the president
|Legal system:
|civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts
|18 years of age; universal
|Executive branch:
| chief of state: President Gjorge IVANOV (since 12 May 2009)
head of government: Prime Minister Nikola GRUEVSKI (since 26 August 2006)
cabinet: Council of Ministers elected by the majority vote of all the deputies in the Assembly; note - current cabinet formed by the government coalition parties VMRO-DPMNE, BDI, and several small parties (For more information visit the World Leaders website )
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); two-round election: first round held on 22 March 2009, second round held on 5 April 2009 (next to be held in March 2014); prime minister elected by the Assembly following legislative elections; the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually elected prime minister
election results: Gjorge IVANOV elected president on second-round ballot; percent of vote - Gjorge IVANOV 63.1%, Ljubomir FRCKOSKI 36.9%
|Legislative branch:
| unicameral Assembly or Sobranie (123 seats; all members elected by popular vote from party lists based on the percentage of the overall vote the parties gain in each of six electoral and three diaspora districts; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 5 June 2011 (next to be held by June 2015)
election results: percent of vote by party - VMRO-DPMNE-led block 39%, SDSM-led block 32.8%, BDI 10.2%, PDSh 5.9%, other 12.1%; seats by party - VMRO-DPMNE-led block 56, SDSM-led block 42, BDI 15, PDSh 8, RDK 2
|Judicial branch:
| highest court(s): Supreme Court (consist of NA judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the Judicial Council, a 7-member body of legal professionals, and appointed by the Assembly; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the legislature for nonrenewable, 9-year terms
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; Basic Courts
|Political parties and leaders:
|Albanian Democratic Union or BDSh [Bardhyl MAHMUTI] Democratic League of Bosniaks in Macedonia [Rafet MUMINOVIC] Democratic Party of Serbs in Macedonia or DPSM [Ivan STOILJKOVIC] Democratic Party of the Albanians or PDSh [Menduh THACI] Democratic Party of Turks of Macedonia or DPTM [Kenan HASIPI] Democratic Renewal of Macedonia or DOM [Liljana POPOVSKA] Democratic Union or DS [Pavle TRAJANOV] Democratic Union for Integration or BDI [Ali AHMETI] Dosoinstvo (Diginity) [Stojance ANGELOV] Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or VMRO-DPMNE [Nikola GRUEVSKI] Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - People's Party or VMRO-NP [Ljubco GEORGIEVSKI] Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Andrej ZENOVSKI] Liberal Party of Macedonia or LP [Ivon VELICKOVSKI] Movement for Turkish National Union [Erdogan SARAC] National Democratic Revival or RDK [Rufi OSMANI] New Democracy or ND [Imer SELMANI] New Social-Democratic Party or NSDP [Tito PETKOVSKI] Party for Democratic Action of Macedonia or SDA [Avdija PEPIC] Party for the Total Emancipation of Roma or PCER [Samka IBRAIMOVSKI] Party of United Democrats of Macedonia or PODEM [Zivko JANKULOVSKI] Party on European Future or PEI [Fijat CANOSKI] Serbian Progressive Party in Macedonia or SPSM [Dragisha MILETIC] Social Democratic Union of Macedonia or SDSM [Branko CRVENKOVSKI] Socialist Party of Macedonia or SP [Ljubisav IVNAOV DZINGO] Union of Roma of Macedonia or SR [Amdi BAJRAM] United for Macedonia or OM [Ljube BOSKOSKI]
|Political pressure groups and leaders:
|Federation of Free Trade Unions [Mirjana ANDREVSKA] Federation of Trade Unions [Zivko MITREVSKI] Trade Union of Education, Science and Culture [Jakim NEDELKOV]
|International organization participation:
|BIS, CD, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EU (candidate country), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|National symbol(s):
|eight-rayed sun
|National anthem:
| name: "Denes Nad Makedonija" (Today Over Macedonia)
lyrics/music: Vlado MALESKI/Todor SKALOVSKI
note: adopted 1991; the song, written in 1943, previously served as the anthem of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia while part of Yugoslavia
|Diplomatic representation in the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador Zoran JOLEVSKI
chancery: 2129 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 667-0501
consulate(s) general: Chicago, New York, Southfield (MI)
|Diplomatic representation from the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador Paul D. WOHLERS
embassy: Str. Samolilova, Nr. 21, 1000 Skopje
mailing address: American Embassy Skopje, US Department of State, 7120 Skopje Place, Washington, DC 20521-7120 (pouch)
telephone: [389] (2) 310-2000
|^Back to Top
Macedonia is vulnerable to economic developments in Europe - due to strong trade ties - and dependent on regional integration and progress toward EU membership for continued economic growth. At independence in September 1991, Macedonia was the least developed of the Yugoslav republics, producing a mere 5% of the total federal output of goods and services. The collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ended transfer payments from the central government and eliminated advantages from inclusion in a de facto free trade area. An absence of infrastructure, UN sanctions on the downsized Yugoslavia, and a Greek economic embargo over a dispute about the country's constitutional name and flag hindered economic growth until 1996. Since then, Macedonia has maintained macroeconomic stability with low inflation, but it has so far lagged the region in attracting foreign investment and creating jobs, despite making extensive fiscal and business sector reforms. Official unemployment has remained consistently high at more than 31% since 2008, but may be overstated based on the existence of an extensive gray market, estimated to be between 20% and 45% of GDP, that is not captured by official statistics. In the wake of the global economic downturn, Macedonia has experienced decreased foreign direct investment and a large trade deficit. However, as a result of conservative fiscal policies and a sound financial system, in 2010 the country credit rating improved slightly to BB+ and was kept at that level in 2011-12. However, macroeconomic stability has been maintained by a prudent monetary policy, which keeps the domestic currency pegged against the euro. As a result, GDP growth was modest, but positive at about 3% both in 2010 and 2011, and inflation was under control. The government loosened fiscal policy in 2012 and the budget deficit expanded to 3.5% of GDP.
|GDP (purchasing power parity):
| GDP (purchasing power parity): $22.22 billion (2012 est.) $22.28 billion (2011 est.) $21.66 billion (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars; Macedonia has a large informal sector that may not be reflected in these data
|GDP (official exchange rate):
|GDP (official exchange rate): $9.676 billion (2012 est.)
|GDP - real growth rate:
|-0.3% (2012 est.) 2.9% (2011 est.) 2.9% (2010 est.)
|GDP - per capita (PPP):
| GDP - per capita (PPP): $10,800 (2012 est.) $10,800 (2011 est.) $10,500 (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
|Gross national saving:
|24.2% of GDP (2012 est.) 24.5% of GDP (2011 est.) 23.4% of GDP (2010 est.)
|GDP - composition, by end use:
| household consumption: 75.3%
government consumption: 18.2%
investment in fixed capital: 21.8%
investment in inventories: 7%
exports of goods and services: 52.9%
imports of goods and services: -75.1% (2012 est.)
|GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
| household consumption: 75.3%
government consumption: 18.2%
investment in fixed capital: 21.8%
investment in inventories: 7%
exports of goods and services: 52.9%
imports of goods and services: -75.1% (2012 est.)
|Agriculture - products:
|grapes, tobacco, vegetables, fruits; milk, eggs
|food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, iron, steel, cement, energy, pharmaceuticals
|Industrial production growth rate:
|-2.5% (2012 est.)
|Labor force:
|936,000 (2012 est.)
|Labor force - by occupation:
| agriculture: 16.7%
industry: 26%
services: 57.3% (September 2012)
|Unemployment rate:
|31.3% (2012 est.) 31.4% (2011 est.)
|Population below poverty line:
|30.4% (2011)
|Household income or consumption by percentage share:
| lowest 10%: 2.2%
highest 10%: 34.5% (2009 est.)
|Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|43.2 (2009) 39 (2003)
| revenues: $2.883 billion
expenditures: $3.254 billion (2012 est.)
|Taxes and other revenues:
|29.8% of GDP (2012 est.)
|Public debt:
| 33.8% of GDP (2012 est.) 27.8% of GDP (2011 est.)
note: official data from Ministry of Finance; data cover central government debt; this data excludes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; includes treasury debt held by foreign entitites; excludes debt issued by sub-national entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; there are no debt instruments sold for social funds
|Fiscal year:
|calendar year
|Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.1% (2012 est.) 3.9% (2011 est.)
|Current account balance:
|-$323 million (2012 est.) -$273.5 million (2011 est.)
|$4.064 billion (2012 est.) $4.429 billion (2011 est.)
|Exports - commodities:
|food, beverages, tobacco; textiles, miscellaneous manufactures, iron, steel; automotive parts
|Exports - partners:
|Germany 25.5%, Italy 6.1%, Bulgaria 5.2%, Greece 4.5% (2012)
|$6.229 billion (2012 est.) $6.759 billion (2011 est.)
|Imports - commodities:
|machinery and equipment, automobiles, chemicals, fuels, food products
|Imports - partners:
|Greece 17.7%, Germany 11.5%, UK 9.3%, Bulgaria 8.7%, Italy 5%, Turkey 4.8% (2012)
|Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|$2.891 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $2.677 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Debt - external:
|$6.807 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $6.271 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|$4.284 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $4.229 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|$564 million (31 December 2009 est.)
|Market value of publicly traded shares:
|$2.423 billion (31 December 2012) $2.495 billion (31 December 2011) $2.647 billion (31 December 2010)
|Exchange rates:
|Macedonian denars (MKD) per US dollar - 47.89 (2012 est.) 44.231 (2011 est.) 46.485 (2010 est.) 44.1 (2009) 41.414 (2008)
|^Back to Top
|Electricity - production:
|5.81 billion kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 111
|Electricity - consumption:
|7.25 billion kWh (2012 est.)
|Electricity - exports:
|12.82 million kWh (2012 est.)
|Electricity - imports:
|2.692 billion kWh (2012 est.)
|Electricity - installed generating capacity:
|1.94 million kW (2012 est.)
|Electricity - from fossil fuels:
|65.7% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
|0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
|34.3% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from other renewable sources:
|0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - production:
|0 bbl/day (2012)
|Crude oil - exports:
|0 bbl/day (2012)
|Crude oil - imports:
|18,800 bbl/day (2012)
|Crude oil - proved reserves:
|0 bbl (1 January 2012 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - production:
|21,280 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - consumption:
|17,490 bbl/day (2011 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - exports:
|8,594 bbl/day (2010 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - imports:
|21,530 bbl/day (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - production:
|0 cu m (2012)
|Natural gas - consumption:
|136.6 million cu m (2011)
|Natural gas - exports:
|0 cu m (2012)
|Natural gas - imports:
|136.6 million cu m (2012)
|Natural gas - proved reserves:
|0 cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
|Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
|8.231 million Mt (2010 est.)
|^Back to Top
|Telephones in use:
| 422,100 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 104
|Cellular Phones in use:
|2.213 million (2011)
|Telephone system:
| general assessment: competition from the mobile-cellular segment of the telecommunications market has led to a drop in fixed-line telephone subscriptions
domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone subscribership about 130 per 100 persons
international: country code - 389 (2012)
|Broadcast media:
|public TV broadcaster operates 3 national channels and a satellite network; 5 privately owned TV channels broadcast nationally using terrestrial transmitters and about 15 broadcast on national level via satellite; roughly 75 local commercial TV stations; large number of cable operators offering domestic and international programming; public radio broadcaster operates over multiple stations; 3 privately owned radio stations broadcast nationally; about 70 local commercial radio stations (2012)
|Internet country code:
|Internet hosts:
|62,826 (2012)
|Internet users:
|1.057 million (2009)
|^Back to Top
| 10 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 155
|Airports (paved runways):
| total 8
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
under 914 m: 6 (2013)
|Airports (unpaved runways):
| total 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2013)
|gas 268 km; oil 120 km (2013)
| total 699 km
standard gauge: 699 km 1.435-m gauge (234 km electrified) (2010)
| total 13,736 km
(includes 216 km of expressways) (2010)
|^Back to Top
|Military branches:
|Army of the Republic of Macedonia (ARM; includes General Staff and subordinate Joint Operational Command, Training and Doctrine Command, Special Operations Regiment) (2012)
|Military service age and obligation:
|18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2008 (2013)
|Manpower available for military service:
| males age 16-49: 532,196
females age 16-49: 511,964 (2010 est.)
|Manpower fit for military service:
| males age 16-49: 443,843
females age 16-49: 426,251 (2010 est.)
|Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
| male: 16,144
female: 14,920 (2010 est.)
|Military expenditures:
|6% of GDP (2005 est.)
|^Back to Top
|Transnational Issues
|Disputes - International:
|Kosovo and Macedonia completed demarcation of their boundary in September 2008; Greece continues to reject the use of the name Macedonia or Republic of Macedonia
|Refugees and internally displaced persons:
stateless persons: 905 (2012)
|Illicit drugs:
|major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish; minor transit point for South American cocaine destined for Europe; although not a financial center and most criminal activity is thought to be domestic, money laundering is a problem due to a mostly cash-based economy and weak enforcement
|^Back to Top
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Source: CIA - The World Factbook


text:
Check out the second installment of a video series by John Dickey documenting Alex Honnold's journey to establish A Gift from Wyoming (5.13) on Yosemite's Leaning Tower. A Gift from Wyoming is Honnold's tribute to the great big-wall climbing visionary Todd Skinner, who pointed out the line to Honnold one day in Yosemite. Honnold recounts the complete tale of A Gift from Wyoming in his story "Learning Curve" in the latest addition ofAscent, which hits news-stands next week. Click HERE to subscribe to Rock and Ice and receive a copy ofAscent. To check out the first installment, click here.
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text:
Web Stories
Video: 'Conversation With... Professor Jeff Nunokawa'
Posted August 11, 2011; 06:42 p.m.
Princeton Professor Jeff Nunokawa answers questions sent via Facebook and Twitter about how social media affect teaching and literature, and much more. Learn more.
Video Closed Captions
JEFF NUNOKAWA: Hi.
I'm Jeff Nunokawa.
I'm a professor in the
department of English here at
Princeton University, and
I'm also the Master
of Rockefeller College.
In this episode, we're going
to answer some of the
questions that you've
sent to me by way of
Facebook and Twitter.
Our first question
is from Twitter.
What are you trying to
accomplish through your essays
on Facebook?
Excellent question.
Excellent question.
I got very interested.
I devised a course in the
history of the essay form, and
got very interested in the
theory and practice of a
genre, of a way of expressing,
which was, as it were,
intellectual and sociable
at once.
So I got very interested in
the possibility of writing
brief essays-- and they
are very brief--
essays whose network would not
be strictly scholarly,
although I hope they are
scholarly interest. But really
primarily, or at least
organically, for social media.
Our next question came
from many users.
Why write on Facebook
and not a blog?
Facebook is where you are.
I know that.
I live amongst college
It's where my students spend
a great deal of their time.
I'm not interested in the
brand per se, obviously.
What I'm interested in
is where you are.
A Facebook user posted
this question.
How does where you came from
and your family background
affect your writing?
It affects it in every way.
But increasingly obliquely.
Let's put it this way.
Let me just cut to
the chase here.
A lot of these essays are, in
one way or another, directed
to or are about my mother and
my family, where I grew up,
which was Hawaii.
These are essays written--
I am very close to my
mother, on one hand.
On the other hand, she'll never
read anything I write on
the other hand, because
I won't let her.
For people who are actually
interested in them, they'll
see that my mother functions in
these essays as the person
whom I'm responding to, who
these essays are written for,
but who can never actually
read them.
First of all, they're
not her cup of tea.
But she instilled in me certain
kinds of values that I
think are most vivid in what I
think of as the great era of
the essay form, which is the era
from mid-18th to the early
19th century.
But, specifically, Dr. Johnson,
who was a profound
and profoundly intense moralist,
as is my mother.
One Twitter user asked how
writing on Facebook changes
how I teach.
It makes me much more aware of
how much I can get students to
think of their writing
as an extension of
their speaking voice.
The writing that I do on
Facebook, it's very written.
I revise it constantly.
But it is really an extension
of the way that I speak.
And one of the things that I
aim to do, and indeed most
professors of literature and of
writing aim to do, when it
comes to teaching writing, is
to get our students to think
of what they write, of how they
write, as an extension of
their real voices.
Multiple Twitter users asked
if I think Twitter and
Facebook have a negative
effect on literature.
I think it does not
negatively affect
literature for many reasons.
Or to put it differently, what
I'm actually much more
interested in it is the way
that it, I think, helps
And by that I mean
the following.
I find that actually, the very
thing that bothers people
about these modalities, if
you'll forgive a fancy word,
these forms, is it reduces
face to face contact.
It's a simple way
of putting it.
And that's not a good thing.
We're all against that.
We want more face
to face contact.
But one thing that it does which
I think is good is to
recall something which was,
say, extraordinarily--
well I'll ubiquitous nearly in
the period that interests me
the most. And that is the
Victorian period, and that is
the epistolary, writing
Now, those texts that my that
my nephews and nieces are
constantly sending to their
friends and whatnot--
I'm not suggesting that those
are the same thing as the
letters that the Brownings
wrote one another.
But I've been struck by how much
more poised the diction
of the students on email,
but particularly on
Facebook, and on IMing.
Twitter I don't know so well.
But I'm just saying on those
things, their diction and
their sense of immediacy and
intimacy, and their sense
that, again, that the written
word here is an extension of
their voice--
I just think that is a happy
effect for literature.
So, for our final question, a
Twitter user asked, simply,
what do you think makes
a great writer?
There's this great line John
Updike says somewhere.
And he was accepting
some prize.
Updike says why do I write?
Because I have this completely
bizarre belief that what I
have to say is of incredible
And I think that you
have to have that.
And in order to have that, you
have to be sufficiently
involved in and studious about--
and I mean that kind
of in an etymological sense--
studious about, passionate
about a subject that you say,
yeah, I've got to say this.
Or to put it differently,
this has to be said.
Well thank you so much for
taking part in this.
I really enjoyed it.


text:
The Australian Sketcher of November 1873 shows von Guérard's grand Kosciusko painting displayed at the Vienna Exhibition with other contributions from the Australian colonies. It and another of the artist's paintings, Cape Woolamai 1872, are surrounded by photographs and maps, produce, flora and fauna, as well as a case of mineral samples and other specimens of interest.1There is some irony here. Von Guérard detailed the lichen on rocks in North-east view from the northern top of Mount Kosciusko – most noticeably on the platform on which the cloaked figure stands – but other parts are less convincing.
When von Guérard arrived in Australia in 1852 he was already an established artist, having trained in Rome and Düsseldorf. He had probably seen works by Friedrich; Carus's published writings also circulated widely during the 1830s and 1840s, the periods of von Guérard's study at the Staatliche Kunstakademie. In his new southern homeland the artist familiarised himself with native flora by sketching in the Melbourne Botanical Gardens, exactly the close observation of nature promoted by Carus. Von Guérard's works are an intriguing mix of topographical accuracy and German traditions of the Sublime: we find a range of protagonists throughout his oeuvre, figures often tiny, seen at an angle or with their backs to the picture plane. As Bruce puts it, von Guérard thus synthesises active, intelligent observation with a 'predominance of feeling over reasoning'.2
In 1862 von Guérard joined an expedition to the Australian Alps. Led by the Bavarian scientist Georg von Neumayer, the expedition was commissioned by the Government of Victoria, part of an international project to measure the Earth's magnetic fields. As well as a geophysicist and an artist, the party comprised Neumayer's assistant, two guides and his dog Hector – all of whom are immortalised in the painting. Von Guérard made a number of sketches during the course of the expedition. In Melbourne the following year he produced North-east view from the northern top of Mount Kosciusko.3It is a major painting, regarded as one of his finest artistically, and most accurate topographically.
In North-east view from the northern top of Mount Kosciusko areas of the foreground and the mound of large boulders at right are particularly perplexing. Indeed as Bonyhady tells, the rocks were introduced by von Guérard to emphasise human insignificance. They serve to provide a link between foreground, the distant mountains and the sky, that records the passage from heavy rain to bright sunshine.4Most importantly, in aesthetic terms, the rocks echo those on the peaks at the centre of the composition, gloriously patterned by the snow that has melted to reveal the grassy slopes underneath.
Mount Kosciusko, an anglicised spelling, was named by the explorer Count Paul Strzelecki in 1840 after the Polish-Lithuanian general Tadeusz Kociuszko.5 The peak was subsequently discovered to be slightly lower than its neighbour, Mount Townsend – although in order that Mount Kosciuszko retain the distinction of the highest mountain in Australia, the names were reversed.
Lucina Ward
1 The Australian Sketcher engraving is reproduced in Candice Bruce, Eugene von Guérard 1811–1901: a German romantic in the Antipodes Martinborough: Alister Taylor, 1982, p. 41; the present whereabouts of Cape Woolamai1872 is not known.
2 Bruce, p. 8.
3 Studies held Mitchell and Dixson collections, State Library of NSW; the canvas is inscribed 'Mt Kosciusko/ 19 Nov. 1862/ Eug. von Guerard', the date of the expedition.
4 Tim Bonyhady, Australian colonial paintings in the Australian National Gallery Canberra: Australian National Gallery, 1986, pp. 188–98, 192–3.
5 In 1997 the Geographical Names Board of NSW adopted the spelling 'Kosciuszko'; Australian pronunciation differs vastly from the Polish.


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1. What was the initial thought that inspired Ready, Set, Go?
My cousin had a baby and they decorated his room in planes. After hearing this, I told him "I think I'm going to do a plane design!" And he was like "Why was that not your very FIRST design?". You see, the men in my family love all things aviation. My dad watches aviation television shows, collects model planes, attends flight shows and has even taken pilot lessons. You get the picture, he loves aviation. So, I thought it would be neat to create a collection with my dad, and the other guys in my family, in mind. When I sat down to design planes, it turned into cars, trains, etc. Oh, and my mom came up with the name.
2. Was there another line that you knew you wanted to tie colors in from, or are these all new shades? What inspired the colors or how did you choose them?
Yes, many of the designs coordinate with the Bermuda colorway from my Remix fabric collection. I just love this colorway. I did a couple of new colors as well.
3. Are you a quilter/ sewer yourself? What are a few of your favorite projects you have made or seen using Ready, Set, Go?
I'm a newbie sewer. I have a bunch of things I plan to sew, like baby burp cloths and bibs. My friend, Julie Herman, has sewn this awesome quilt. She created a new pattern called, Plaid Parade. I love how she mixed all the collection together. So cute.
4. What are you currently working on?
Currently, I'm working on new stuff in the paper world.
And now, guess what! Kelle Boyd has generously donated a Fat Quarter Bundle of her new line for a giveaway! Comment on this post telling us you did the following. You can have up to two entries, but can only use each option once:
1. Like Ann Kelle and Fat Quarter Shop on Facebook
2. Subscribe to Ann Kelle's blog
The contest will close Thursday, March 17th CST. Now get on clicking!


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Catholic Version
of PREPARE/ENRICH Customized
Since the PREPARE/ENRICH inventories were first released over 30 years ago, Catholic clergy have used the premarital inventory with engaged couples and the marital inventory with married couples. When the latest revision of PREPARE/ENRICH was created, there was a unique opportunity to develop the most advanced Catholic premarital inventory in the world. The goal was to design a customized tool that was easy to use, technologically refined, and specifically reflected the teaching and values of the Catholic Church. This goal has been achieved with the Catholic Version of PREPARE/ENRICH Customized.
What Others are Saying
"The Marriage Preparation Committee evaluated several of the inventories available and found the PREPARE/ENRICH Customized Version, to be the most comprehensive. Also it is the only inventory which comes with a workbook with 24 exercises for the engaged couples. In 2007, a group of clergy and key lay people of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe met with the staff of PREPARE/ENRICH and helped to develop the Catholic version of the customized inventory. So it is ideal to use it for marriage preparation in our parishes." — Most Reverend Michael J. Sheehan, Archbishop of Santa Fe
Learn More
Development of the Catholic Version
Catholic Content in PREPARE/ENRICH
What makes PREPARE/ENRICH Unique?
Sample Catholic Report (abbreviated)
Sample Couple's Workbook (abbreviated)
Online in Spanish For Facilitators and Couples
How to become certified in PREPARE/ENRICH
Training Workshops
to Become a Facilitator
With PREPARE/ENRICH day-long workshops for counselors, clergy, or mentors, you'll get thorough training on the program, providing you with the skills you need to use our relationship assessment most effectively. .7 CEUs Available "for an additional fee", check availability
Find a Workshop Near You
Outside the U.S.? See our International Offices
Marriage Mentor Program
Once your church or community has a trained and certified PREPARE/ENRICH professional, you might consider establishing a Marriage Mentor Program to help premarital couples get more preparation or married couples get the assistance they need for healthier relationships.


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ACHICA > French Connection: Watches > French Connection FC1081SB Watch
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French Connection FC1081SB Watch
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Whether it's for a new year's resolution, impending bathing suit season, or on the advice of their doctor, many people set goals of reaching a healthy weight or improving physical fitness. Here are some tips to help you achieve your goal, while taking care of your PH at the same time.
The first step in planning any goal is to know where you want to go. Begin by calculating your BMI (Body Mass Index). Use the calculation:
Weight (lbs) / (Height (in) x Height (in)) x 703
Or use this calculator online.
A BMI less than 18.5 is underweight, a BMI of 18.5- 24.9 is healthy, 25-29.9 is overweight, and greater than 30 is obese.
While the BMI is not perfect, aiming for a number in the healthy range is generally considered a sensible target. The good news is, even modest weight loss (around 5-10 percent) can have significant health benefits. Work with your PAH provider to develop appropriate and realistic weight loss goals for you.
It is important to learn how many calories per day you usually consume. Try keeping a daily food diary for a week to give you an idea of your average daily calorie intake. There are several online calorie counters or you can purchase a calorie counting book at your local bookstore.
You need to be in a deficit of 3,500 calories to lose one pound. You can do this by either eating 3,500 fewer calories or burning 3,500 calories more than usual. Try eating 500-1000 fewer calories each day. By the week's end, you will have cut 3,500-7,000 from your diet, giving you a weight loss of approximately 1-2 lbs.!
Losing weight can be tough, and it is natural to want instant results. However, generally people who lose weight gradually (1-2 lbs. per week) are more successful at keeping the weight off than those who lose it quickly. Try to focus on lifestyle changes rather than going on a diet.
There are many advertisements promising fast or effortless weight loss. These claims are generally false, exaggerated or even dangerous, especially for PAH patients. For example, some diet products contain stimulants, which can worsen PAH.
Diets that eliminate certain types of foods (carbs, fats, etc.) are not generally sustainable and have not been shown to have long-term weight loss results. PAH patients need to be especially mindful of their nutritional, electrolyte and fluid intake, particularly if they are on coumadin, diuretics or potassium supplements.
Currently popular are diets promising fast weight loss by using hormones combined with an extremely low-calorie diet. These have not been studied sufficiently, and we do not know their long-term effects, particularly in people with PAH. Remember, if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is.
For PAH patients, physical fitness can be challenging. Patients often worry about the safety of exercise or feel too fatigued or short of breath to be active. Your body was designed to move. However, you will need to exercise within the recommendations of your PAH provider. A great place to start is by participating in a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program at your PAH center or local hospital. This is a monitored exercise program designed for people with activity limitations from heart and/or lung disease. Physical therapists who are knowledgeable about PAH will teach you about safe exercise and better breathing.
Walking is generally safe, but you will need to walk at your own pace. Increased shortness of breath, chest pain, heart palpitations or dizziness are signs that you may need to slow down and rest.
Patients with less severe PAH may be capable of more intense exercise, but it is important to get clearance from your PAH provider.
Keep in mind that your needs are unique, even from other PAH patients. It is extremely important before deciding to embark on a diet/exercise program or before considering starting additional supplements/medications that you discuss your plan with your PAH provider. He or she can help you decide on a healthy plan to meet your goals. Remember, they are there to help!
1. Healthy Weight-it's not a diet, it's a lifestyle. [Accessed 11/14/11]. 2. Calculate Your BMI-Standard BMI Calculator. [Accessed 11/14/11]. 3. Pregnyl (chorionic gonadotropin for injection). [Accessed 11/14/11]. 4. BMI Calculator. [Accessed 11/14/11]. 5. Coumadin diet [Accessed 11/14/11]. 6. Diet and Nutrition. [Accessed 11/14/11]. 7. Exercise and PH. [Accessed 11/14/11].
By Lisa L. Roessel, FNP-BC, Pulmonary Hypertension Program Coordinator, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Legacy Clinic Northwest, Portland, Ore.
For optimal viewing of PHAssociation.org, please use a standards-compliant browser such as Google Chrome or Firefox.
The information provided on the PHA website is provided for general information only. It is not intended as legal, medical or other professional advice, and should not be relied upon as a substitute for consultations with qualified professionals who are familiar with your individual needs. PHA does not endorse or recommend any commercial products or services.
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text: Gouker Ronald E Hot 0.0 (0) 347 0 0 0 Compare Write Review Send Inquiry Add to favorites Gym Location DetailsAddress15 Metro PlzCityUniontownStatePAPhone(724) 437-8800 Tweet Map Swap Start/End Start Address DrivingBicyclingTransitWalking End Get Directions User reviews There are no user reviews for this listing. Add new review Already have an account? Log in now Name Username Create an account to be able to manage all of your submissions. After you submit the form we'll email you an activation link with a temporary password. Email Review Title Ratings (the higher the better) Atmosphere How do you feel when you workout there? Is it a relaxing environment that allows you to reach goals? 12345 Cleanliness Is the gym regularly cleaned, is their a weird smell upon entering? Are the bathrooms clean? Are you afraid to take a shower there? 12345 Crowded Factor Can you find equipment in a reasonable amount of time? 12345 Equipment Condition Is the equipment falling apart or are all machines in working order? Are most of the machines newer, or models from a museum on loan? 12345 Facilities (Locker Rooms, Showers) Are the facilities, such as locker room, and showers modern, clean, and large enough to accommodate all members? Do you always find a free locker? 12345 Programs & Services (classes, daycare) Is their other on-site services such as tanning, spa services, daycare? Many people enjoy having one place to workout and also get a massage or get their nails done. 12345 Staff Is the staff helpful and friendly? Are they knowledgeable? Bad staff can totally ruin your experience. 12345 Overall Value Do you think you're getting a good deal, overall? 12345 Comments Submit Cancel


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IRELAND: Irish developer in raid on Greencore shares
Shares in Irish food group Greencore have risen after an investor raised his stake to just under 30% of the company.
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Seaweed (Marine macroalgae) is the term used to refer to numerous species of algae and marine plants growing under water in lakes, rivers, and oceans. Seaweeds fall into the category of plants referred to as marine algae. They can be green (phylum Chlorophyta), red (phylum Rhodophyta), or brown (phylum Heterokontophyta) in color. Seaweeds are simple organisms that typically dwell in saltwater, creating a strong base for many marine food chains. They are generally found attached to a hard surface within coastal areas. Seaweed can be small (phytoplankton) or they can be large (Giant Kelp). However, the majority of all seaweeds are medium sized, washing up on beaches across the globe.
While green algae are found in both marine and fresh water, red and brown seaweed are discovered primarily in marine waters. Green algae can thrive in damp places located in sun-protected areas. Occupying the intertidal section of most oceans, seaweeds are anchored to the ground by holdfasts, as well as in the subtidal areas of temperate and polar regions. The harvesting of seaweed is done by hand, during which it is selected by appearance through the efforts of experienced harvesters.
Containing large stores of fiber, minerals, and vitamins, seaweed is capable of offering multiple benefits when used for either culinary or skincare purposes. The ancient Romans used seaweed to assist in the healing of wounds, rashes, and burns. Researchers have credited seaweed with cancer-fighting capabilities, though more research is needed. In fact, the low rate of cancer in Japan has been associated with dietary intake of seaweed. Containing high levels of iodine (essential to the synthesis of thyroid gland hormones), inclusion of seaweed in the diet may be responsible for a low incidence of thyroid problems in Japan. Offering anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory capabilities, seaweed has been included in a variety of medicinal uses.
For more than a thousand years, the Japanese have consumed seaweed along with other ingredients in a dish known as sushi. Seaweeds offer emulsifying capabilities that make them useful as ingredients in such products as toothpaste and jellies. Seaweed is often included in yogurts, chocolate milk, and health drinks. Some German beers contain seaweed. Absorbing nutrients from the ocean, seaweed is rich in many beneficial ingredients including minerals and vitamins.
A traditional marine cure and as a relaxing treatment, seaweed baths were popular during Edwardian times, particularly in Britain and Ireland where seaweed was indigenous to the area. Ancient Greeks believed that seaweed could encourage longevity while preserving their health. Seaweed baths and treatments were commonly used to treat ailments assumed to be the result of a mineral imbalance. Steaming seaweed produces oils filled with minerals, vitamins, proteins, and complex polysaccharides. Since the oils become suspended in the water, they are readily absorbed by the skin's pores, which have become opened by the steam. Credited with detoxifying the body, seaweed offers restorative capabilities. Seaweed treatments, wraps, and poultices are used to remove toxins while also infusing the skin with the rich nutrients found in seaweed.
Absorbing large concentrations of chelated minerals daily, seaweed is filled with Selenium, Magnesium, Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Phosphorus, Iron, Manganese, and Zinc. It is also vitamin rich, containing up to a dozen different vitamins (A1, C, E, K, B1, B2, B6, and B12). Seaweed offers conditioning capabilities for the skin as well as for the hair and is used in treatments for cellulite and aging. Hair products containing seaweed boost moisture and shine, improving the look and feel of the hair. Skin products containing seaweed are often non-irritating, while enhancing the skin's natural glow.
Seaweeds are becoming increasingly more popular for healing and beauty purposes. Included in a variety of Thalassotherapy products, seaweed is included for the purposes of toning, moisturizing, and rejuvenating the skin and body. Thalassa is a Greek word meaning sea, clearing identifying the origin of the ingredients contained in Thalassotherapy products.
An exceptionally nutrient-rich substance, seaweed is often used in skin care formulations, including organic skincare products. Seaweed creates healthier skin since it cleanses, soothes, and tones it easily while also helping to rejuvenate body tissues with renewed growth as it stimulates metabolism. Seaweed can improve circulation, while helping to keep the skin's youthful appearance in check. The Alginic Acid content in brown algae performs as a natural cleanser for the intestines.


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Hawthorne Two-Line Estate Lawn Address Plaque
# 43391
Product Description
The thick oval shape of our Hawthorne Lawn Address Plaque has room for plenty of details. Built to withstand the elements, this house marker is individually handcrafted of hand-cast aluminum with a specially baked-on finish that will not rust.
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Abby's doctors overall were very happy with how Abby is doing. Her blood counts are great and her abdominal wound is healing beautifully.
Abby has been begging us to take out her gastric tube. It is bulky, it leaks on her clothes and it hurts when Landis tackles her. She knows she will have to take thousands of pills over the next two years. She has learned to swallow all of her pills and has maintained her weight for a couple of weeks without using her gastric tube for nutrition. Her doctors were excited with all she has accomplished in a short amount of time.
Abby's oncologist and surgeon have both agreed to take out her gastric tube at her next appointment. Abby is on cloud nine.
The not so great news: Last night Abby caught a cold from her big brother. Not a big problem for a healthy child, but they need to be very careful with Abby. After months of worrying about her being out in public, she caught cooties at home.
Her chest x-ray was clear, so we were able to go home on antibiotics. Abby's white blood cells are responding beautifully. She is feeling icky, but no one is worried about her ability to kick the upper respiratory infection.
Because of how beautifully Abby's immune system is working, Abby's doctors are still confident it is safe for Abby to be in public. We are keeping her home (our whole family home), for a few days, out of consideration for others.
Even sick, Abby is feeling MUCH better than she has in the last few months. Tonight, she tried to talk me into going shopping. Got to love a girl with a plan. It is embarrassing to admit but Abby and I have the same cold. I would love to crawl in bed and sleep until it is over. Abby is running through the house, laughing and playing. She is an amazing little girl.
Abby's biggest, ugliest problem is her liver. Her liver functions had been improving, but today they are looking down right ugly. She is 2 tenths of a point from having her chemo held next week. When you are fighting an aggressive cancer, holding chemo is very concerning, especially when her white blood cell count is too high (ANC 6000).
We would appreciate your prayers that her liver counts quickly rebound to normal.
Last night Abby and her 16 year old brother, Garrett, were able to thank his Boy Scout Troop for doing a blood drive to benefit Abby. Garrett did all of the talking and just held Abby. She looked shy on stage, but when it was over, immediately asked if she could go back up front. She's quite the camera hound
Thank you so much for praying for Abby. Abby needs 2 more years of chemo. A lot of her chemo is hard on her liver. I am praying it is healed. Look up in the right corner: only 714 days to go!
Brent was getting some pics ready while I was writing... so here they are:
Michelle took this pic of Garrett and Abby last night at his function
where he thanked the Troop for the Abby Blood Drive.
If you look close, you can see HAIR standing up on
Sami and Abby dressed up in Sami's traditional Ethiopian dresses.
except when SpideyLandis gets between them.
I (Brent) grabbed my camera when a cat wandered into the back yard.
I had actually seen it several times and found out a litte later why...
it had birthed some kittens under my riding lawn mower. Yes, I found them
BEFORE starting the mower for the first time this spring.
SpideyLandis scales the platform I built for them on the side of
the swing set. It's fun seeing your kids actually enjoying something you built.
The BRAVE cat risks her life to see if SpideyLandis had good intentions.
He did, and after a cat kiss, Fred Flintstoned across the yard.
Abby and SpideyLandis just doing what kids do.
I love pictures like this, yes, even me, a macho guy.
Sweet candids of children are probably my favorite thing to photograph.
Landis as the soccer game watching Sami last weekend.
Abby loves being able to get out now and do things. She came to
Sami's soccer game too, and quickly found a friend to pose in front of.
She has become QUITE the camera hound since getting all this attention.
Easter morning... all dressed up and ready to go.
"Abby, Landis... come over here and let Dad get your picture.
Okay, smile... 1, 2, 3... say cheese..."
And this is what I got from lover boy. Take your best guess
at what this reaction was all about, or even better, just make up
something hilarious. If we choose your caption, we'll post it along with
your blog address if you want and make you famous!


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Web Stories
Carillon concerts planned through summer
Posted June 7, 2013; 11:33 a.m.
The University's 21st annual Summer Carillon Series, featuring carillonneurs from around the United States and abroad, will be held at 1 p.m. each Sunday from June 30 through Sept. 1 at Cleveland Tower on the Graduate College campus.
The concerts are performed on the University's renowned Class of 1892 Bells, the fifth largest carillon in the country and one of the top 10 in size worldwide. The carillon's 67 bronze bells were cast in England, France and the Netherlands. Concerts are held rain or shine.
Dates and performances include:
June 30: Janet Tebbel, Philadelphia
July 7: Julianne vanden Wyngaard, Grand Rapids, Mich.
July 14: Gerard DeWaardt, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
July 21: Lisa Lonie, Princeton
July 28: Sally Harwood, Williamston, Mich.
Aug. 5: Linda Dzuris, Clemson, S.C.
Aug. 11: Doug Gefvert, Valley Forge, Pa.
Aug. 18: Gordon Slater, Ottawa, Canada
Aug. 25: Tebbel Lonie Duo, Philadelphia
Sept. 1: Anton Fleissner, Princeton
For more information email Penna Rose, email@example.com.


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text: Steer painted many nudes in which his figures are set in a domestic environment. In Seated nude:The black hat he depicted his model sitting at ease among her discarded clothes, still wearing her hat. Her incomplete state of undress emphasises her nakedness. Steer never exhibited this work because his friends suggested that it was improper to paint a nude wearing a hat.


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Rhines Custom Monitors Stage 5
" Intro: I've listened and owned many Universal and Custom IEMs made in the US (JH Audio, Westone, Aurisonics), Asia (Tralucent, FitEar), but I realized I don't have many European IEMs (EarSonics) or even a CIEM, at least until the name Vision Ears came up in a PM thread with Mimouille (I slightly blame you for this bro) and I saw the Vision Ears/Rhines/Compact Monitors thread. But..." --VisceriousZERO
rhines Stage CIEM
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Skip to main content
The causes of pulmonary hypertension in children are essentially the same as in adults; in some cases it is associated with another medical condition such as congenital heart disease or other lung disease; and in other cases we simply don't know the cause (idiopathic PH). A small percentage of patients have familial pulmonary arterial hypertension, which is an inherited condition.
The primary difference between PH in adults and PH in children is in the treatment. Until recently, there have been very few clinical trials that study treatments specifically for children. Because of this, while the medications used for children are the same as adults, there aren't specified pediatric doses, which makes going to a pediatric pulmonary hypertension specialist critical. Weight is a very big consideration in determining an appropriate dose for children as opposed to adults where there is standard dosing.
There are many medications that are currently used for the treatment of PH in children. They are given in different ways: by mouth, by inhalation, by continuous intravenous infusion (directly into the vein) and continuous subcutaneous infusion (beneath the skin). Medications such as bosentan (TracleerTM) and ambrisentan (LetairisTM) are oral therapies that work on reversing effects of endothelin, a substance that PH patients tend to have too much of in their bodies. Sildenafil (RevatioTM) and tadalafil (AdcircaTM) are oral medications that help to produce more of the body's natural vasodilators (nitric oxide). There are several medications that work by mimicking prostaglandins, which PH patients tend to have very little of in their bodies. These include epoprostenol (FlolanTM), which is administered intravenously; treprostinil (RemodulinTM and TyvasoTM), which can be administered intravenously, subcutaneously or by inhalation; and iloprost (VentavisTM), which is an inhalation therapy. It is also possible that your child will be prescribed anticoagulation therapy such as warfarin (CoumadinTM) to help prevent blood clots, diuretics to reduce fluid retention, and oxygen.
The most common side effects for all PH medications include headache, nasal congestion, nausea, hypotension (low blood pressure), dizziness and flushing (feeling of warmth). TracleerTM and LetairisTM could adversely affect the liver (although this is rare), so monthly blood tests are required to monitor liver function. Inhaled therapies (TyvasoTM and VentavisTM) could also cause cough and throat irritation. Side effects of FlolanTM and RemodulinTM also include diarrhea and jaw pain and infusion site pain (subcutaneous administration only). You should discuss all side effects with your medical team even if they seem unusual or are not listed here.
It is important that your child be treated by a pediatric pulmonary hypertension specialist. This is usually a pediatric cardiologist or pulmonologist who has extensive training in PH and treats many children with PH. View a listing of pediatric PH specialists
This will vary depending on your specialist, but be prepared to see your doctor every three to six months to monitor symptoms and treatment.
Most children with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension have normal growth and development; however, when it is associated with another medical condition, there could be developmental issues that may need to be addressed. For example, if breathing takes significantly more effort, their weight gain may not be normal since they use calories to breathe.
There is no known cure for pulmonary hypertension, but fortunately there are many treatments available that help prevent disease progression and support improvement in PH symptoms. Response to treatment varies from patient to patient, so communicating with your medical team will be important in determining the right treatment for your child. New research is being conducted all the time that will hopefully result in additional treatment options.
Your child can absolutely play with other children. Just be aware that your child may have to rest more frequently than other children depending on the activity and should avoid playing with children who might have the flu or upper respiratory infection, etc. What sports your child can play will depend on the type of treatment your child is on and the severity of their disease. Your medical team will be able to assist you in these kinds of decisions.
It's important to understand why certain tests are being done, what treatment options are available for your child, medication side effects, symptoms that warrant a call to the doctor, and what activities your child can and can't do. You should ask how often you should see them and what to expect at each visit. It's also important to find out how to reach your medical team after normal business hours. Keep a list of all your questions between appointments and remember that there are no silly questions, so don't be afraid to ask!
For optimal viewing of PHAssociation.org, please use a standards-compliant browser such as Google Chrome or Firefox.
The information provided on the PHA website is provided for general information only. It is not intended as legal, medical or other professional advice, and should not be relied upon as a substitute for consultations with qualified professionals who are familiar with your individual needs. PHA does not endorse or recommend any commercial products or services.
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The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) awarded PHA the Abbey S. Meyers Leadership Award in 2012 for outstanding service to PHA members in advocacy, education and other key areas.


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README_src.txt for version 7.3 of Vim: Vi IMproved.
The source archive contains the files needed to compile Vim on Unix systems.
It is packed for Unix systems (NL line separator). It is also used for other
systems in combination with the extra archive (vim-7.3-extra.tar.gz, in the
"extra" directory of ftp.vim.org).
For more information, see the README.txt file that comes with the runtime
archive (vim-7.3-rt.tar.gz). To be able to run Vim you MUST get the runtime
archive too!


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A young man sits across from you at a table, he is new to the Troop and seeking that first badge.. the Scout Badge. He sheepishly asked for a Scoutmaster conference, and now he is stepping off on the Trail to Eagle. The first Scoutmaster conference as a Boy Scout can be an intimidating one. But it doesn't have to be. Here are three easy steps to making a great first Scoutmaster Conference.. for you and the Scout.
First. Relax.. both of you. This is a great opportunity Mr. Scoutmaster NOT to be the stoic figure looming in the back of the room, this is a great chance to make a first impression to the Scout that you really care about him and the Troop. So relax, smile, and have fun with it.
Second. Help. It's ok to coach a bit when the Scout stumbles on the Scout Oath or Law.. its ok to talk him through the Outdoor code. He will get it. If its not tonight.. well then there are 6 more opportunities for him to master it. This is the Scout badge.. Not Eagle. Set the tone of learning and perfection will come.
Third. Encourage.. The Scout is new, he's nervous, and he is looking to you for something that prior to this meeting his Den leader or Mom and Dad have given him. He is looking for praise and accomplishment, and for maybe the first time he is doing it on his own. Encourage him to think about his answers and assist him when needed, he will get it. Encourage him at this first meeting to be an active part of his Patrol and Troop and to take advantage of everything Scouting has to offer.
Over simplify the process for a Scout to earn that Joining badge. That's what it is. Don't add to it, don't take away from it. Just keep it simple and have fun with it. Its Scouts after all.. just Scouts.
Your Day 3 Health tip:
Get fit with friends or family.
Being active is much more fun with friends or family. Encourage others to join you and plan one special physical activity event, like a bike ride or hiking, with a group each week. This is a great one to try with your Patrols or Troop.
Have a Great Scouting Day!


text:
Part # F9K1103
Select version to continue:
Find the sticker with the product ID or model. The sticker is typically located on the back of the network adapter. Typically, your adapter model starts with F5D, F6D or F7D. The version starts with v.
Get drivers, downloads, troubleshooting,how-to articles and more


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Corot was modest and chaste. He never married, in company was nearly always overlooked, the Salon 'treated him rudely,' and the only painting by him to enter the Luxembourg Museum was 'bought almost accidentally by the state in 1851'.1Yet the great Charles Baudelaire was one of many who admired the qualities of simplicity and sureness in Corot's art and personality – traits that were at the opposite extreme to Baudelaire's flamboyance. Corot, he wrote, exerted complete control over his compositions, guaranteeing that every element would be well seen, well observed, well understood and well imagined.2
In Bridge on the Saône River at Mâcon the paint has been laid on directly and unaffectedly. This gives the small work a deceptive look of Impressionism. With their festive and casual appearance, Impressionist paintings were to make a holiday of looking. But Corot's washerwomen on the river bank are not Monet's or Manet's holidaymakers lolling about and enjoying the sun. Likewise, Corot in front of nature seems a disciplinarian rather than a sensualist. The date 1834 is not at all early for an outdoor sketch – which this possibly is – yet it does seem early for such a masterly exercise in facing down nature for the sake of form.
Nature has here been translated by rule and measure, scale and calculation. One takes pleasure in the composition of four symmetrical rectangles and repeated arcs, the enveloping, sand-coloured light and well-managed paint textures. Selective accents of shape, tone and texture stand out by virtue of their difference. Paint strokes that seem spontaneous are, in fact, controlled. The ground from mid-way has been fastened down in solid, creamy earth colours. Above and to the sides, the semi-transparent blues and greens of sky, foliage and water vaporise against the underlying earth colours. Rough against smooth, a small area of mottled dabs describes shallow water near the bank and, on the other side of the picture, striations of green paint across the grain of the support ruffle the foliage as if simulating a breeze.
Visual sensation had a place when it suited Corot's purpose. In memorable early paintings he downplayed the figurative subject through using lively visual effects. The light in a canvas featuring a woman prone on the grass goes past her to a glowing clay bank in the middle distance.3 The gleaming but otherwise meaningless lump of wet clay takes centre stage, successfully eclipsing the woman. In another work a man on horseback rides away from us; the eye is captured less by the figure, painted grey against grey, than by the sunlight jolting on the uneven bridle path this side of the figure.4 A remarkable landscape sketch is captured by a shapeless black shadow that leaps across the sunburnt fields.5 The irresolution between sketchiness and precise form in Bridge on the Saône River at Mâcon has the same liberating effect, what Corot's detractors called lack of finish and Baudelaire his 'awkwardness'. Where lesser artists finished off a work of art, the end for Corot was to open it.
Mary Eagle
1 Charles Rosen and Henri Zerner, Romanticism and Realism: the mythology of nineteenth century art, London: Faber, 1984, p. 230.
2 Charles Baudelaire, 'The Salon of 1845', trans. Jonathan Mayne, Art in Paris 1845–1862: salons and other exhibitions reviewed by Charles Baudelaire, London: Phaidon, 1965, p. 24.
3 The Forest of Fontainebleau, 1834, National Gallery of Art, Washington – The Chester Dale Collection.
4 A View Near Volterra 1838, National Gallery of Art, Washington – The Chester Dale Collection.
5 Le Petit Chaville, near Ville-d'Avra c. 1823, The Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology – Bequeathed by Frank Hindley Smith, 1939.


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Sunday, May 08, 2016
by Mike Adams, the Health Ranger
Tags: awakening, demonic forces, spiritual war
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text:
I received an email the other day asking some questions about the backpacking video that I recently put up on the blog. They are great questions and so I thought I'd share the email and answers here.
Question: What sort of Food Bag do you use? Is it insulated? Does that keep frozen foods cool enough to prevent bacterial growth over a summer weekend?
The food bag that I use is the Sea to Summit Trash Dry sack. It is a 10 liter dry bag. Total water proof and more importantly reduces the oders. I repackage all my food into heavy-duty zip lock bags and then it all goes in the "inner bag" of the food bag. It is not insulated. In so far as frozen foods. The foods that are frozen I put in the freezer and keep it there until Friday when we leave. Typically it will stay cold and thaw in time for me to cook it. I have never had a problem with bacterial growth. The food stays cold enough. Having said that though.. I live in Oregon.. and our temps don't get to high until August. I have used cold streams to store the food in also when I think there is a need to keep things cold. Our water is never warm. That is another nice feature of the bag. It can be placed in water and everything stays dry. I love the hooks on the side. Makes it easy to hang. This bag is endorsed by the Leave No Trace Organization.
Question: Was that a metal spork you were using to stir up the meal? I had always been taught that metal utensils will damage the anti-stick coating in pots. I could see using a plastic spork, but I wanted your opinion if you thought this was important.
Yes that is a metal (Titanium) spork. It is the REI Ti ware spork. I have used that spork for years now. And yes it will scratch the surface of a non stick pot if you are not careful. I would not recommend this to Scouts that do not care for their gear, but it works for me. I think it is worth teaching the Scouts to be careful.. even plastic utensils will begin to scratch if not careful. I have an ASM that cringes every time I do that.. but my pots seem to not be worse for the wear.
Question: What sort of lid lifter do you recommend for Scouts? I have looked for something like this to purchase, but have not been able to find anything under a "lid lifter" search.
I actually have an MSR pot lifter that came with the pot set. Since I started using the Imusa mug to do most of my cooking however it have been dropped from the packing list. Here are some of the types of lifters that I would suggest for the Scouts. LINK. Most if not all of our out fitters locally have them for purchase. They range from about $4 to $15 dollars depending on the brand. I have gotten so used to using the rag with the Imusa mug that it has become routine. But pot lifters are a great idea.
Question: What sort of coffee do you prefer? I take it you must bring along the instant packets if they fit in that little Nalgene bottle.
I have been using Maxwell house instant coffee lately. I transfer it all into that Nalgene bottle so I only have to fill it about every 4 camp outs. I like the Starbucks Via coffee also, but the Maxwell House International Cafe stuff is cheaper and tasty. I don't have to add anything also. As much as you could argue that there is nothing better than fresh brewed coffee.. when I can roll over in the hammock and fire up my stove, boil water, and in minutes have some good tasting coffee.. I will take it. Besides, when backpacking, sometimes less is better and a Nalgene full of flavor and a little pick me up, well, that's all I need. I think talking about coffee is like discussing religion or politics… everyone has an opinion. I generally use the backpacker philosophy of "Hike your own Hike" when it comes to coffee. everyone's mileage will vary and everyone have their own taste. As with all my gear, it is what I am comfortable carrying and using, I do not proclaim that how I do it is the best, but it all works for me. Having said that though.. It is how I teach our Scouts, how they adopt it and use it is up to them.
I have often said that I am not a big fan of the Jet Boil.. and yet many of the Scouts of my Troop use it.. They Hike their own Hike. We always reinforce this idea. "Here are some ways to do it, some gear to do it with, and recommended skills that will help… now find your style, gear, and routine and hike your own hike".
I hope this helps. Sometimes I look back and see that I put something out… and of course it makes perfect sense to me.. it's my stuff. Glad you asked the questions.
Have a Great Scouting Day!


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Web Stories
'ECCO lights up Princeton with music'
Posted March 11, 2013; 12:00 p.m.
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Jonathan Vinocour, a 2001 Princeton alumnus who is principal violist with the San Francisco Symphony, came back to campus with the East Coast Chamber Orchestra — known as ECCO — to perform with Princeton students. Read more.
Video Closed Captions
JONATHAN VINOCOUR: ECCO, is
a conductor-less string
orchestra that's about--
we usually play
with about 18 people.
So a bunch of us started it
back when we were just in
school, or just out of school,
and looking to play pretty
much just for fun with a bunch
of our friends in a small
conductor-less orchestra.
Most of us were playing a lot
of chamber music and just
thought it would be
fun to read some
actual orchestra music.
When we just out listening,
it sounded so great.
KATE DREYFUSS: It was inspiring
to see Jonathan come
back to Princeton, as someone
who followed the same
academic, or similar academic
paths as many of the students,
and yet went on to become
a professional musician.
JONATHAN VINOCOUR: I just
remember always looking
forward to coming to orchestra
rehearsals, because in
orchestra it always felt like
I could just relax and enjoy
the music making.
And especially doing it with
all these other people, and
knowing that there were all
these other people on campus
who wanted to be doing
the same thing.
NATHAN HALEY: There's
performances just happening
all the time.
Princeton, I think in all areas,
but especially in the
music department, is just
bursting at the seams with
And it's a great place to get
involved in all sorts of extra
curricular activities.
KATE DREYFUSS: What was running
through my mind was, I
just could not believe that I
would sharing the stage with
such accomplished musicians
who are involved with
ensembles all across
the country.
And as I was watching them,
during the first half, I was
in awe of their energy.
And I felt that energy
the moment that
I stepped on stage.
NATHAN HALEY: Performing with
ECCO was absolutely amazing.
Their energy and their
focus is infectious.
And just everyone on
the stage felt it.
This warm and vibrant direction
towards the
And it was amazing to see
everyone just light up and
focus, and turn to the music.
And it really came
alive for me.


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This baffle fits the lower right hand corner of some dishwashers. It is black and has a matching left hand lower corner baffle. It is recommended that you replace and install both ...
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This part is a simple on/off mechanism that prohibits the appliance from operating when the door is open.
This part is sold individually. It is recommended that both sides are changed when replacing one.
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Our true tables show a team's playing record without any points adjustments and are based on average points per game.
The position-based variants consist of a team's results against a portion of a the league. The teams that are included, have there position highlighted.
Note: we use our True Table to determine the positions that are used to create the table segments as these are not affected by number of games played and points deductions.
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Best-selling author and Princeton alumnus Michael Lewis speaks to graduating seniors at Princeton University's 265th Baccalaureate ceremony in the University Chapel. Lewis urged seniors to put the opportunities afforded them by a Princeton education to good use.
Princeton President Shirley M. Tilghman welcomes the graduating seniors and asks them to thank the people who helped them through their time at Princeton, including classmates, faculty and family members. "Whether they have joined you for these festivities or are cheering you from afar, their dreams are intertwined with yours," she said.
Photos by Denise Applewhite
Use the hashtag #princetongrad12
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Web Stories
Lewis urges graduating seniors to embrace their good fortune
Posted June 3, 2012; 08:00 p.m.
Princeton alumnus Michael Lewis offered the University's Class of 2012 the story of his path from art-history major to investment banker to best-selling author as an illustration of how good fortune plays an important role in success — and leaves its recipients with a responsibility to society.
Lewis, a 1982 Princeton graduate, spoke to graduating seniors from high in the University Chapel pulpit during Princeton's 265th Baccalaureate ceremony on Sunday, June 3. Baccalaureate is an interfaith worship service that is one of the University's oldest traditions.
Graduating seniors gather near East Pyne before joining the Baccalaureate procession to the University Chapel.
Lewis said the success of his first book, "Liar's Poker: Rising Through the Wreckage on Wall Street," left some calling him a born writer.
"This was absurd. Even I could see there was another, truer narrative, with luck as its theme," said Lewis, who had landed a job at the investment bank Salomon Brothers after the wife of a bank official introduced him to her husband. Lewis became the bank's expert on derivatives, he said, just as such financial instruments were helping to remake Wall Street. Insights gleaned from that job formed the underpinning of "Liar's Poker" and led him to change his career and become a writer.
The procession of graduating seniors begins to make its way through family and friends gathered outside the University Chapel before the service. About 3,500 seniors, family members and friends attended the event.
"What were the odds of being seated at that dinner next to that Salomon Brothers lady? Of landing inside the best Wall Street firm to write the story of an age? Of landing in the seat with the best view of the business?" Lewis asked. "Of having parents who didn't disinherit me [for becoming a writer] but instead sighed and said 'do it if you must'? Of having had the sense of must kindled inside me by a professor of art history at Princeton? Of having been let into Princeton in the first place?"
Lewis said another of his books, "Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game," which describes how the cash-strapped Oakland Athletics managed to match the performance of better-funded opponents on the baseball diamond, offers a message on the role of good fortune.
"Don't be deceived by life's outcomes," Lewis said to the seniors. "Life's outcomes, while not entirely random, have a huge amount of luck baked into them. Above all recognize that if you have had success, you have also had luck — and with luck comes obligation. You owe a debt, and not just to your gods. You owe a debt to the unlucky."
Baccalaureate is an interfaith service reflecting the diversity of religious life at Princeton.
In her introduction, Princeton President Shirley M. Tilghman highlighted Lewis' ability to grant "his readers access to unfamiliar worlds, while revealing strengths and failings that are common to us all."
"His books and films have been read and seen by millions, partly because he picks his subjects well but chiefly because he achieves that rare combination of both enlightening and entertaining his readers; he uplifts and deconstructs," Tilghman said.
Senior Jonathan Ford Jr. reads from the Bible during the service, which included prayers and readings from several religious and philosophical traditions.
Lewis joked that having studied art history, he graduated sure of only one thing: "I was of no possible economic value to the outside world." But with the guidance of Professor William Childs, now professor of art and archaeology emeritus, Lewis said he became obsessed with his senior thesis topic ["Donatello and the Antique"] and came away knowing what he wanted to do with his life: to write.
Before he fully took to that path, he earned a master's degree from the London School of Economics and worked at Salomon Brothers. Lewis said his father urged him to reconsider his decision to leave his lucrative position there to write his first book, but Lewis wanted to return to the sense of possibility he'd felt at Princeton while writing his thesis.
"I didn't need to think about it," Lewis said. "I knew what intellectual passion felt like — because I'd felt it here, at Princeton — and I wanted to feel it again. I was 26 years old. Had I waited until I was 36, I would never have done it. I would have forgotten the feeling, and it would have felt too risky."
At the end of the service, seniors wait to join the recession to leave the chapel and rejoin family and friends.
At Sunday's service, which drew roughly 3,500 seniors, family members and friends, the Class of 2012 filed into the chapel under large colorful kites waved on long poles and followed banners representing each of the University's six residential colleges.
Family and friends viewed the service via simulcast outside the chapel and in buildings across the campus. Early in the service, a sudden storm caused those seated outside to scramble for cover under archways and in nearby buildings. Some joined the simulcast sites while others streamed a webcast on their smartphones. After the service, the sun shone brightly on the recession.
Kristan Scott (left), Class of 2012, poses for a photo with his father and stepmother outside the University Chapel.
Lewis closed his address with an anecdote about an experiment conducted by psychologists at the University of California-Berkeley, who arbitrarily chose one student in a group of three to serve as leader in discussing how to solve a complicated moral problem. Thirty minutes into the discussion, the researchers offered each group a plate of four cookies. After each participant ate a cookie, the person who had been appointed the leader of the group consistently grabbed the fourth cookie.
"All of you have been faced with the extra cookie," Lewis told the seniors. "All of you will be faced with many more of them. In time you will find it easy to assume that you deserve the extra cookie. For all I know you may deserve the extra cookie. But you'll be happier, and the world will be better off, if you at least pretend that you don't.
"So never forget: In the nation's service. In the service of all nations," he said, citing the University's informal motto.
The Baccalaureate service will be available for later viewing online. End-of-the-year activities will continue with Class Day on Monday, June 4, and Commencement on Tuesday, June 5.
Erick Kazarian, Class of 2012, lets his cousin Greg Deirmergiun try out his mortar board after the Baccalaureate service.