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Norway Population: 4,722,701793 VISITORS FROM HERE!
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|Two centuries of Viking raids into Europe tapered off following the adoption of Christianity by King Olav TRYGGVASON in 994. Conversion of the Norwegian kingdom occurred over the next several decades. In 1397, Norway was absorbed into a union with Denmark that lasted more than four centuries. In 1814, Norwegians resisted the cession of their country to Sweden and adopted a new constitution. Sweden then invaded Norway but agreed to let Norway keep its constitution in return for accepting the union under a Swedish king. Rising nationalism throughout the 19th century led to a 1905 referendum granting Norway independence. Although Norway remained neutral in World War I, it suffered heavy losses to its shipping. Norway proclaimed its neutrality at the outset of World War II, but was nonetheless occupied for five years by Nazi Germany (1940-45). In 1949, neutrality was abandoned and Norway became a member of NATO. Discovery of oil and gas in adjacent waters in the late 1960s boosted Norway's economic fortunes. In referenda held in 1972 and 1994, Norway rejected joining the EU. Key domestic issues include immigration and integration of ethnic minorities, maintaining the country's extensive social safety net with an aging population, and preserving economic competitiveness.
About two-thirds mountains; some 50,000 islands off its much-indented coastline; strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in North Atlantic; one of the most rugged and longest coastlines in the world
|Northern Europe, bordering the North Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Sweden
|Geographic coordinates:
| total: 323,802 sq km
land: 304,282 sq km
water: 19,520 sq km
Size comparison: slightly larger than New Mexico
|Land Boundaries:
| total: 2,542 km
border countries: Finland 727 km, Sweden 1,619 km, Russia 196 km
|25,148 km (includes mainland 2,650 km, as well as long fjords, numerous small islands, and minor indentations 22,498 km; length of island coastlines 58,133 km)
|Maritime claims:
| territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 10 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm
|temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers; rainy year-round on west coast
|glaciated; mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys; small, scattered plains; coastline deeply indented by fjords; arctic tundra in north
|Elevation extremes:
| lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m
highest point: Galdhopiggen 2,469 m
|Natural resources:
|petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, titanium, pyrites, nickel, fish, timber, hydropower
|Land use:
| arable land: 2.52%
permanent crops: 0.01%
other: 97.46% (2011)
|Irrigated land:
|1,149 sq km (2007)
|Natural hazards:
|rockslides, avalanches volcanism: Beerenberg (elev. 2,227 m) on Jan Mayen Island in the Norwegian Sea is the country's only active volcano
|Current Environment Issues:
|water pollution; acid rain damaging forests and adversely affecting lakes, threatening fish stocks; air pollution from vehicle emissions
|International Environment Agreements:
| party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
|^Back to Top
| noun: Norwegian(s)
adjective: Norwegian
|Ethnic groups:
|Norwegian 94.4% (includes Sami, about 60,000), other European 3.6%, other 2% (2007 estimate)
|Bokmal Norwegian (official), Nynorsk Norwegian (official), small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities note: Sami is official in six municipalities
|Church of Norway (Evangelical Lutheran - official) 85.7%, Pentecostal 1%, Roman Catholic 1%, other Christian 2.4%, Muslim 1.8%, other 8.1% (2004)
|4,722,701 (July 2013 est.)
|Age structure:
| 0-14 years: 17.5% (male 421,440/female 404,161)
15-24 years: 13.4% (male 322,413/female 309,906)
25-54 years: 39.8% (male 950,047/female 931,000)
55-64 years: 12.5% (male 296,759/female 292,777)
65 years and over: 16.8% (male 350,812/female 443,386) (2013 est.)
|Dependency ratios:
| total dependency ratio: 52.6 %
youth dependency ratio: 28.5 %
elderly dependency ratio: 24.1 %
potential support ratio: 4.1 (2013)
|Median age:
| total: 40.6 years
male: 39.7 years
female: 41.4 years (2013 est.)
|Population growth rate:
|0.33% (2013 est.)
|Birth rate:
|10.8 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
|Death rate:
|9.21 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
|Net migration rate:
|1.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
| urban population: 79% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 1.2% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
|Major urban areas - population:
|OSLO (capital) 875,000 (2009)
|Sex ratio:
| at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
|Mother's mean age at first birth:
|28.4 (2011 est.)
|Maternal mortality rate:
|7 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
|Infant mortality rate:
| total: 3.47 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 3.79 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
|Life expectancy at birth:
| total population: 80.44 years
male: 77.76 years
female: 83.27 years (2013 est.)
|Total fertility rate:
|1.77 children born/woman (2013 est.)
|Contraceptive prevalence rate:
|88.4% note: percent of women aged 20-44 (2005)
|Health expenditures:
|9.5% of GDP (2010)
|Physicians density:
|4.08 physicians/1,000 population (2008)
|Hospital bed density:
|3.3 beds/1,000 population (2009)
|Drinking water source:
| improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population (2010 est.)
|Sanitation facility access:
| improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population (2010 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
|0.1% (2009 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
|4,000 (2009 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - deaths:
|fewer than 100 (2009 est.)
|Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
|21.5% (2008)
|Education expenditures:
|7.3% of GDP (2009)
| definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 100%
male: 100%
female: 100%
|School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
| total: 18 years
male: 17 years
female: 18 years (2010)
|Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
| total: 8.6%
male: 9.3%
female: 7.9% (2011)
|^Back to Top
|Country name:
| conventional long form: Kingdom of Norway
conventional short form: Norway
local long form: Kongeriket Norge
local short form: Norge
|Government type:
|constitutional monarchy
| name: Oslo
geographic coordinates: 59 55 N, 10 45 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
|Administrative divisions:
|19 counties (fylker, singular - fylke); Akershus, Aust-Agder, Buskerud, Finnmark, Hedmark, Hordaland, More og Romsdal, Nordland, Nord-Trondelag, Oppland, Oslo, Ostfold, Rogaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Sor-Trondelag, Telemark, Troms, Vest-Agder, Vestfold
|Dependent areas:
|Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard
|7 June 1905 (Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved); 26 October 1905 (Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union)
|National holiday:
|Constitution Day, 17 May (1814)
|17 May 1814; amended many times
|Legal system:
|mixed legal system of civil, common, and customary law; Supreme Court can advise on legislative acts
|18 years of age; universal
|Executive branch:
| chief of state: King HARALD V (since 17 January 1991); Heir Apparent Crown Prince HAAKON MAGNUS, son of the monarch (born 20 July 1973)
head of government: Prime Minister Jens STOLTENBERG (since 17 October 2005)
cabinet: State Council appointed by the monarch with the approval of parliament (For more information visit the World Leaders website )
elections: the monarchy is hereditary; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch with the approval of the parliament
|Legislative branch:
| modified unicameral Parliament or Storting (169 seats; members elected by popular vote by proportional representation to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 14 September 2009 (next to be held in September 2013)
election results: percent of vote by party - Ap 35.4%, FrP 22.9%, H 17.2%, SV 6.2%, Sp 6.2%, KrF 5.5%, V 3.9%, other 2.7%; seats by party - Ap 64, FrP 41, H 30, SV 11, Sp 11, KrF 10, V 2
|Judicial branch:
| highest court(s): Supreme Court or Hoyesterett (consists of the chief justice and 18 associate justices) note - in addition to professionally trained judges, there are elected lay judges that sit on the bench with professional judges in the Courts of Appeal and district courts judge selection and term of office: justices appointed by the monarch (King in Council) upon the recommendation of the Judicial Appointments Board; justice retirement mandatory at age 70
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal or Lagmensrett; regional and district courts; Conciliation Boards; ordinary and special courts
|Political parties and leaders:
|Center Party or Sp [Liv Signe NAVARSETE] Christian Democratic Party or KrF [Knut Arild HAREIDE] Conservative Party or H [Erna SOLBERG] Labor Party or Ap [Jens STOLTENBERG] Liberal Party or V [Trine SKEI-GRANDE] Progress Party or FrP [Siv JENSEN] Socialist Left Party or SV [Audun LYSBAKKEN]
|Political pressure groups and leaders:
|Confederation of Norwegian Enterprise (Naeringslivets Hovedorganisasjon) or NHO [President Kristin SKOGEN LUND; CEO John Gordon BERNANDER] Norwegian Association of the Disabled Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (Landsorganisasjonen i Norge) or LO [Roar FLATHEN] other: environmental groups; media; digital privacy movements
|International organization participation:
|ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, EITI (implementing country), ESA, FAO, FATF, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
|National symbol(s):
|National anthem:
| name: "Ja, vi elsker dette landet" (Yes, We Love This Country)
lyrics/music: Bjornstjerne BJORNSON/Rikard NORDRAAK
note: adopted 1864; in addition to the national anthem, "Kongesangen" (Song of the King), which uses the tune of "God Save the Queen," serves as the royal anthem
|Diplomatic representation in the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador Wegger C. STROMMEN
chancery: 2720 34th Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 333-6000
consulate(s) general: Houston, New York, San Francisco
|Diplomatic representation from the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador Barry B. WHITE
embassy: Henrik Ibsens gate 48, 0244 Oslo; note - the embassy will move to Huseby in the near future
mailing address: PSC 69, Box 1000, APO AE 09707
telephone: [47] 21-30-85-40
|^Back to Top
The Norwegian economy is a prosperous mixed economy, with a vibrant private sector, a large state sector, and an extensive social safety net. The government controls key areas, such as the vital petroleum sector, through extensive regulation and large-scale state-majority-owned enterprises. The country is richly endowed with natural resources - petroleum, hydropower, fish, forests, and minerals - and is highly dependent on the petroleum sector, which accounts for the largest portion of export revenue and about 20% of government revenue. Norway is the world's third-largest natural gas exporter; and seventh largest oil exporter, making one of its largest offshore oil finds in 2011. Norway opted to stay out of the EU during a referendum in November 1994; nonetheless, as a member of the European Economic Area, it contributes sizably to the EU budget. In anticipation of eventual declines in oil and gas production, Norway saves state revenue from the petroleum sector in the world's second largest sovereign wealth fund, valued at over $700 billion in January 2013 and uses the fund''s return to help finance public expenses. After solid GDP growth in 2004-07, the economy slowed in 2008, and contracted in 2009, before returning to positive growth in 2010-12, however, the government budget is set to remain in surplus.
|GDP (purchasing power parity):
| GDP (purchasing power parity): $281.7 billion (2012 est.) $273.5 billion (2011 est.) $269.9 billion (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
|GDP (official exchange rate):
|GDP (official exchange rate): $501.1 billion (2012 est.)
|GDP - real growth rate:
|3% (2012 est.) 1.3% (2011 est.) 0.2% (2010 est.)
|GDP - per capita (PPP):
| GDP - per capita (PPP): $55,900 (2012 est.) $55,000 (2011 est.) $55,000 (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
|Gross national saving:
|40.1% of GDP (2012 est.) 37.7% of GDP (2011 est.) 35.2% of GDP (2010 est.)
|GDP - composition, by end use:
| household consumption: 40.4%
government consumption: 21.3%
investment in fixed capital: 20.6%
investment in inventories: 4.5%
exports of goods and services: 40.7%
imports of goods and services: -27.5% (2012 est.)
|GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
| household consumption: 40.4%
government consumption: 21.3%
investment in fixed capital: 20.6%
investment in inventories: 4.5%
exports of goods and services: 40.7%
imports of goods and services: -27.5% (2012 est.)
|Agriculture - products:
|barley, wheat, potatoes; pork, beef, veal, milk; fish
|petroleum and gas, food processing, shipbuilding, pulp and paper products, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textiles, fishing
|Industrial production growth rate:
|6.5% (2012 est.)
|Labor force:
|2.678 million (2012 est.)
|Labor force - by occupation:
| agriculture: 2.9%
industry: 21.1%
services: 76% (2008)
|Unemployment rate:
|3.2% (2012 est.) 3.3% (2011 est.)
|Population below poverty line:
|Household income or consumption by percentage share:
| lowest 10%: 3.9%
highest 10%: 21% (2008)
|Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|25 (2008) 25.8 (1995)
| revenues: $285.7 billion
expenditures: $216.5 billion (2012 est.)
|Taxes and other revenues:
|57% of GDP (2012 est.)
|Public debt:
| 29.7% of GDP (2012 est.) 28.7% of GDP (2011 est.)
note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data exclude treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data exclude debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
|Fiscal year:
|calendar year
|Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|Inflation rate (consumer prices): 0.7% (2012 est.) 1.3% (2011 est.)
|Current account balance:
|$76.1 billion (2012 est.) $70.3 billion (2011 est.)
|$158.8 billion (2012 est.) $159.2 billion (2011 est.)
|Exports - commodities:
|petroleum and petroleum products, machinery and equipment, metals, chemicals, ships, fish
|Exports - partners:
|UK 25.6%, Germany 12.6%, Netherlands 12%, France 6.7%, Sweden 6.3%, US 5% (2012)
|$86.72 billion (2012 est.) $89.1 billion (2011 est.)
|Imports - commodities:
|machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs
|Imports - partners:
|Sweden 13.6%, Germany 12.4%, China 9.3%, Denmark 6.3%, UK 6.1%, US 5.4% (2012)
|Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|$51.86 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $49.4 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Debt - external:
|$659.1 billion (31 December 2012) $595.7 billion (31 December 2011) note: Norway is a net external creditor
|Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|$244.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $236.4 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|$224.9 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $210.6 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Market value of publicly traded shares:
|$219.2 billion (31 December 2011) $250.9 billion (31 December 2010) $227.2 billion (31 December 2009)
|Exchange rates:
|Norwegian kroner (NOK) per US dollar - 5.8162 (2012 est.) 5.6065 (2011 est.) 6.0442 (2010 est.) 6.288 (2009) 5.6361 (2008)
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|Electricity - production:
|122.2 billion kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 29
|Electricity - consumption:
|110.8 billion kWh (2009 est.)
|Electricity - exports:
|7.123 billion kWh (2010 est.)
|Electricity - imports:
|14.67 billion kWh (2010 est.)
|Electricity - installed generating capacity:
|30.95 million kW (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from fossil fuels:
|2.6% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
|0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
|91.1% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from other renewable sources:
|2% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - production:
|1.998 million bbl/day (2011 est.)
|Crude oil - exports:
|1.759 million bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - imports:
|19,960 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - proved reserves:
|5.32 billion bbl (1 January 2010 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - production:
|324,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - consumption:
|255,200 bbl/day (2011 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - exports:
|412,600 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - imports:
|98,340 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Natural gas - production:
|103.1 billion cu m (2011 est.)
|Natural gas - consumption:
|4.809 billion cu m (2011 est.)
|Natural gas - exports:
|98.3 billion cu m (2011 est.)
|Natural gas - imports:
|0 cu m (2011 est.)
|Natural gas - proved reserves:
|2.007 trillion cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
|Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
|41.8 million Mt (2010 est.)
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|Telephones in use:
| 1.529 million (2011)
country comparison to the world: 66
|Cellular Phones in use:
|5.7 million (2011)
|Telephone system:
| general assessment: modern in all respects; one of the most advanced telecommunications networks in Europe
domestic: Norway has a domestic satellite system; the prevalence of rural areas encourages the wide use of mobile-cellular systems
international: country code - 47; 2 buried coaxial cable systems; submarine cables provide links to other Nordic countries and Europe; satellite earth stations - NA Eutelsat, NA Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Norway shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden) (2011)
|Broadcast media:
|state-owned public radio-TV broadcaster operates 3 nationwide TV stations, 3 nationwide radio stations, and 16 regional radio stations; roughly a dozen privately owned television stations broadcast nationally and roughly another 25 local TV stations broadcasting; nearly 75% of households have access to multi-channel cable or satellite TV; 2 privately owned radio stations broadcast nationwide and another 240 stations operate locally (2008)
|Internet country code:
|Internet hosts:
|3.588 million (2012)
|Internet users:
|4.431 million (2009)
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| 95 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 61
|Airports (paved runways):
| total 67
2,438 to 3,047 m: 14
1,524 to 2,437 m: 10
914 to 1,523 m: 22
under 914 m: 21 (2013)
|Airports (unpaved runways):
| total 28
914 to 1,523 m: 6
under 914 m: 22 (2013)
|1 (2013)
|condensate 578 km; condensate/gas 220 km; gas 8,044 km; oil 3,794 km; oil/gas/water 457 km; water 96 km (2013)
| total 4,169 km
standard gauge: 4,169 km 1.435-m gauge (2,784 km electrified) (2009)
| total 93,509 km
(includes 253 km of expressways) (2007)
|1,577 km (2010)
|Merchant marine:
| total 585
by type: bulk carrier 55, cargo 105, carrier 5, chemical tanker 121, combination ore/oil 12, liquefied gas 47, passenger 3, passenger/cargo 121, petroleum tanker 54, refrigerated cargo 9, roll on/roll off 4, vehicle carrier 49
foreign-owned: 81 (Bermuda 24, Canada 1, Cyprus 1, Denmark 7, France 5, Iceland 2, Lithuania 1, Saudi Arabia 3, Sweden 27, US 10)
registered in other countries: 974 (Antigua and Barbuda 9, Bahamas 186, Barbados 38, Belize 2, Bermuda 5, Brazil 3, Canada 4, Chile 1, Comoros 1, Cook Islands 8, Croatia 2, Curacao 2, Cyprus 14, Denmark 2, Dominica 1, Equatorial Guinea 1, Estonia 2, Faroe Islands 13, Gibraltar 46, Hong Kong 48, Indonesia 3, Isle of Man 30, Italy 6, Liberia 38, Libya 1, Malta 96, Marshall Islands 75, Netherlands 19, Panama 81, Portugal 2, Saint Kitts and Nevis 3, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 13, Singapore 153, Spain 10, Sweden 3, UK 32, US 17, Vanuatu 1, unknown 3) (2010)
|Ports and terminals:
|Bergen, Haugesund, Maaloy, Mongstad, Narvik, Sture
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|Military branches:
|Norwegian Army (Haeren), Royal Norwegian Navy (Kongelige Norske Sjoeforsvaret, RNoN; includes Coastal Rangers and Coast Guard (Kystvakt)), Royal Norwegian Air Force (Kongelige Norske Luftforsvaret, RNoAF), Home Guard (Heimevernet, HV) (2013)
|Military service age and obligation:
|19-35 years of age for male compulsory military service; 16 years of age in wartime; 17 years of age for male volunteers; 18 years of age for women; 1-year service obligation followed by 4-5 refresher training periods through ages 35-60, totalling 18 months (2012)
|Manpower available for military service:
| males age 16-49: 1,079,043
females age 16-49: 1,051,210 (2010 est.)
|Manpower fit for military service:
| males age 16-49: 888,761
females age 16-49: 865,697 (2010 est.)
|Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
| male: 32,290
female: 30,777 (2010 est.)
|Military expenditures:
|1.9% of GDP (2005 est.)
|^Back to Top
|Transnational Issues
|Disputes - International:
|Norway asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Queen Maud Land and its continental shelf); Denmark (Greenland) and Norway have made submissions to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental shelf (CLCS) and Russia is collecting additional data to augment its 2001 CLCS submission; Norway and Russia signed a comprehensive maritime boundary agreement in 2010
|Refugees and internally displaced persons:
| refugees (country of origin): 8,870 (Somalia); 5,727 (Iraq); 7,129 (Eritrea); 5,984 (Afghanistan) (2012)
stateless persons: 2,313 (2012)
|^Back to Top
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Source: CIA - The World Factbook


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Proposals sought for 'Grand Challenges' funding
Posted August 27, 2007; 10:30 p.m.
Princeton faculty members have been invited to submit proposals by Monday, Sept. 17, for seed grants for projects under a new teaching and research program focused on important issues that share dominant environmental, political, social and engineering dimensions.
The Princeton Environmental Institute, the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, and the School of Engineering and Applied Science have initiated the Grand Challenges Program, which is designed to promote student involvement and faculty research on:
- energy, specifically the intersection of the climate, energy security and air pollution problems;
- the interacting problems of rural poverty, land use, biodiversity and water in Africa; and
- global health problems, with a focus on infectious disease in the developing world.
Grand Challenges will be organized around three research cooperatives, each of which will take responsibility for creating interdisciplinary programs of research and teaching that engage faculty, postdoctoral and graduate fellows, and undergraduates from across the University. Initially, the cooperatives will be based on research projects that are already under way. The cooperatives are expected to grow over time as new research projects are initiated and new faculty and students begin focusing on the Grand Challenges topics.
Starting in 2007-08, the Grand Challenges program will offer one to three seed grants per year to faculty who are starting new research projects that fall under the Grand Challenges topics. Two types of proposals will be considered: projects from individual faculty members to initiate a change of research and teaching direction; and projects from two or more faculty members to initiate novel interdisciplinary research and teaching collaborations. Successful applicants will be funded for a period of one to two years at a level of up to $100,000 per year. Provided resources are available, successful seed projects may evolve into longer-running projects.
Faculty members have been invited to submit proposals by an e-mail from Stephen Pacala, director of the Princeton Environmental Institute; H. Vincent Poor, dean of the School of Engineering; and Anne-Marie Slaughter, dean of the Woodrow Wilson School. The call for proposals, including guidelines for submission, as well as more information about the Grand Challenges Program, is available online.
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Each of the drug classes used to treat pulmonary hypertension have several side effects and drug interactions. Here, medical professionals share some of the most common problems encountered by PH patients. Please note that the list below is not comprehensive. Talk to your PH doctor before starting any new medications.
There is debate among PH-treating medical professionals about the use of hormonal therapy in women with PH. The information here is adapted from a consensus statement issued by PHA's Scientific Leadership Council. Be sure to discuss this important issue with your PH team, as the specifics of your situation may influence the options available to you.
While they don't require a prescription, over-the-counter (OTC) medications and herbal supplements may be harmful, and should be used cautiously if you have PH. Certain ingredients in these drugs may have a direct effect on the heart and lungs or may interact with medications commonly prescribed for PH. As with prescription drugs, talk to your PH doctor before taking anything new. Here are a few important interactions you should know about.
Even the world's leading PH doctors can't list all of the potential side effects for PH-treating medications, because every PH patient is different. A few of the most common side effects are listed below. Visit the Treatments page to learn more.
Medical review by Traci Stewart, RN, MSN, CHFN, Cardiomyopathy Treatment Program, University of Iowa.
For optimal viewing of PHAssociation.org, please use a standards-compliant browser such as Google Chrome or Firefox.
The information provided on the PHA website is provided for general information only. It is not intended as legal, medical or other professional advice, and should not be relied upon as a substitute for consultations with qualified professionals who are familiar with your individual needs. PHA does not endorse or recommend any commercial products or services.
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Mauritius Population: 1,322,2382 VISITORS FROM HERE!
« Previous Country | Next Country » Back to Flag Counter Overview
|Although known to Arab and Malay sailors as early as the 10th century, Mauritius was first explored by the Portuguese in the 16th century and subsequently settled by the Dutch - who named it in honor of Prince Maurits van NASSAU - in the 17th century. The French assumed control in 1715, developing the island into an important naval base overseeing Indian Ocean trade, and establishing a plantation economy of sugar cane. The British captured the island in 1810, during the Napoleonic Wars. Mauritius remained a strategically important British naval base, and later an air station, playing an important role during World War II for anti-submarine and convoy operations, as well as the collection of signals intelligence. Independence from the UK was attained in 1968. A stable democracy with regular free elections and a positive human rights record, the country has attracted considerable foreign investment and has earned one of Africa's highest per capita incomes.
The main island, from which the country derives its name, is of volcanic origin and is almost entirely surrounded by coral reefs; former home of the dodo, a large flightless bird related to pigeons, driven to extinction by the end of the 17th century through a combination of hunting and the introduction of predatory species
|Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
|Geographic coordinates:
| total: 2,040 sq km
land: 2,030 sq km
water: 10 sq km
note: includes Agalega Islands, Cargados Carajos Shoals (Saint Brandon), and Rodrigues
Size comparison: almost 11 times the size of Washington, DC
|Land Boundaries:
|0 km
|177 km
|Maritime claims:
| measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
|tropical, modified by southeast trade winds; warm, dry winter (May to November); hot, wet, humid summer (November to May)
|small coastal plain rising to discontinuous mountains encircling central plateau
|Elevation extremes:
| lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Piton 828 m
|Natural resources:
|arable land, fish
|Land use:
| arable land: 38.24%
permanent crops: 1.96%
other: 59.8% (2011)
|Irrigated land:
|212.2 sq km (2003)
|Natural hazards:
|cyclones (November to April); almost completely surrounded by reefs that may pose maritime hazards
|Current Environment Issues:
|water pollution, degradation of coral reefs
|International Environment Agreements:
| party to: Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
|^Back to Top
| noun: Mauritian(s)
adjective: Mauritian
|Ethnic groups:
|Indo-Mauritian 68%, Creole 27%, Sino-Mauritian 3%, Franco-Mauritian 2%
|Creole 80.5%, Bhojpuri 12.1%, French 3.4%, English (official; spoken by less than 1% of the population), other 3.7%, unspecified 0.3% (2000 census)
|Hindu 48%, Roman Catholic 23.6%, Muslim 16.6%, other Christian 8.6%, other 2.5%, unspecified 0.3%, none 0.4% (2000 census)
|1,322,238 (July 2013 est.)
|Age structure:
| 0-14 years: 21.3% (male 143,874/female 137,850)
15-24 years: 15.7% (male 104,861/female 102,671)
25-54 years: 44.3% (male 292,714/female 293,590)
55-64 years: 10.6% (male 66,460/female 73,964)
65 years and over: 8% (male 42,718/female 63,536) (2013 est.)
|Dependency ratios:
| total dependency ratio: 39.8 %
youth dependency ratio: 27.6 %
elderly dependency ratio: 12.2 %
potential support ratio: 8.2 (2013)
|Median age:
| total: 33.5 years
male: 32.6 years
female: 34.4 years (2013 est.)
|Population growth rate:
|0.68% (2013 est.)
|Birth rate:
|13.62 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
|Death rate:
|6.79 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
|Net migration rate:
|0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
| urban population: 41.8% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 0.57% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
|Major urban areas - population:
|PORT LOUIS (capital) 149,000 (2009)
|Sex ratio:
| at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female
total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
|Maternal mortality rate:
|60 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
|Infant mortality rate:
| total: 10.89 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 12.95 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 8.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
|Life expectancy at birth:
| total population: 74.94 years
male: 71.48 years
female: 78.58 years (2013 est.)
|Total fertility rate:
|1.78 children born/woman (2013 est.)
|Contraceptive prevalence rate:
|75.8% (2002)
|Health expenditures:
|6% of GDP (2010)
|Physicians density:
|1.06 physicians/1,000 population (2004)
|Hospital bed density:
|3.4 beds/1,000 population (2011)
|Drinking water source:
| improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 99% of population
total: 99% of population
urban: 0% of population
rural: 1% of population
total: 1% of population (2010 est.)
|Sanitation facility access:
| improved:
urban: 91% of population
rural: 88% of population
total: 89% of population
urban: 9% of population
rural: 12% of population
total: 11% of population (2010 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
|1% (2009 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
|8,800 (2009 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - deaths:
|fewer than 500 (2009 est.)
|Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
|18.5% (2008)
|Education expenditures:
|3.7% of GDP (2010)
| definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 88.8%
male: 91.1%
female: 86.7% (2011 est.)
|School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
| total: 14 years
male: 13 years
female: 14 years (2008)
|Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
| total: 21.7%
male: 17.3%
female: 28% (2011)
|^Back to Top
|Country name:
| conventional long form: Republic of Mauritius
conventional short form: Mauritius
local long form: Republic of Mauritius
local short form: Mauritius
|Government type:
|parliamentary democracy
| name: Port Louis
geographic coordinates: 20 09 S, 57 29 E
time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
|Administrative divisions:
|9 districts and 3 dependencies*; Agalega Islands*, Black River, Cargados Carajos Shoals*, Flacq, Grand Port, Moka, Pamplemousses, Plaines Wilhems, Port Louis, Riviere du Rempart, Rodrigues*, Savanne
|12 March 1968 (from the UK)
|National holiday:
|Independence Day, 12 March (1968)
|12 March 1968; amended 12 March 1992
|Legal system:
|civil legal system based on French civil law with some elements of English common law
|18 years of age; universal
|Executive branch:
| chief of state: President Rajkeswur Kailash PURRYAG (since 21 July 2012); note - former President Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH resigned on 31 March 2012
head of government: Prime Minister Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM (since 5 July 2005)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister (For more information visit the World Leaders website )
elections: president and vice president elected by the National Assembly for five-year terms (eligible for a second term); elections last held on 21 July 2012 (next to be held in 2017); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president, responsible to the National Assembly; note - former President Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH resigned on 31 March 2012
election results: Rajkeswur Kailash PURRYAG elected president by unanimous vote; percent of vote by the National Assembly - NA
|Legislative branch:
| unicameral National Assembly (70 seats; 62 members elected by popular vote, 8 appointed by the election commission to give representation to various ethnic minorities; members to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 5 May 2010 (next to be held in 2015)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - AF 41, MMM 18, MR 2, FSM 1; appointed seats - to be assigned 8
|Judicial branch:
| highest court(s): Supreme Court of Mauritius (consists of the chief justice, a senior puisne judge, and 17 puisne judges) judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister; senior puisne judge appointed by the president with the advice of the chief justice; other puisne judges appointed by the president with the advice of the Judicial and Legal Commission, a 4-member body of judicial officials including the chief justice; all judges serve until retirement at age 62
subordinate courts: Court of Civil Appeal; Court of Criminal Appeal; Public Bodies Appeal Tribunal (formed by a 2008 constitutional amendment)
|Political parties and leaders:
|Alliance of the Future or AF [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM] (governing coalition - includes MLP, MMSM, MR, MSD, PMSD) Mauritian Labor Party or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM] Mauritian Militant Movement or MMM [Paul BERENGER] Mauritian Militant Socialist Movement or MMSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH] Mauritian Socialist Militant Movement or MSMM [Madan DULLOO] Mauritian Solidarity Front of FSM [Cehl FAKEERMEEAH] Maurition Social Democratic Party or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL] Rodrigues Movement or MR [Joseph (Nicholas) Von MALLY] Rodrigues Peoples Organization or OPR [Serge CLAIR]
|Political pressure groups and leaders:
|other: various labor unions
|International organization participation:
|ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, C, CD, COMESA, CPLP (associate), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SAARC (observer), SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|National anthem:
| name: "Motherland"
lyrics/music: Jean Georges PROSPER/Philippe GENTIL
note: adopted 1968
|Diplomatic representation in the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador Somduth SOBORUN
chancery: 1709 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036; administrative offices - 3201 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 441, Washington, DC 20036
telephone: [1] (202) 244-1491 through 1492
|Diplomatic representation from the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador Shari VILLAROSA
embassy: 4th Floor, Rogers House, John Kennedy Street, Port Louis
mailing address: international mail: P. O. Box 544, Port Louis; US mail: American Embassy, Port Louis, US Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2450
telephone: [230] 202-4400
|^Back to Top
Since independence in 1968, Mauritius has developed from a low-income, agriculturally based economy to a middle-income diversified economy with growing industrial, financial, and tourist sectors. For most of this period, annual growth has been on the order of 5% to 6%. This achievement has been reflected in more equitable income distribution, increased life expectancy, lowered infant mortality, and a much-improved infrastructure. The economy rests on sugar, tourism, textiles and apparel, and financial services, and is expanding into fish processing, information and communications technology, and hospitality and property development. Sugarcane is grown on about 90% of the cultivated land area and accounts for 15% of export earnings. The government's development strategy centers on creating vertical and horizontal clusters of development in these sectors. Mauritius has attracted more than 32,000 offshore entities, many aimed at commerce in India, South Africa, and China. Investment in the banking sector alone has reached over $1 billion. Mauritius, with its strong textile sector, has been well poised to take advantage of the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA). Mauritius' sound economic policies and prudent banking practices helped to mitigate negative effects of the global financial crisis in 2008-09. GDP grew in the 3-4% per year range in 2010-12, and the country continues to expand its trade and investment outreach around the globe.
|GDP (purchasing power parity):
| GDP (purchasing power parity): $20.53 billion (2012 est.) $19.88 billion (2011 est.) $19.15 billion (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
|GDP (official exchange rate):
|GDP (official exchange rate): $11.47 billion (2012 est.)
|GDP - real growth rate:
|3.3% (2012 est.) 3.8% (2011 est.) 4.1% (2010 est.)
|GDP - per capita (PPP):
| GDP - per capita (PPP): $15,800 (2012 est.) $15,400 (2011 est.) $14,900 (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
|Gross national saving:
|32% of GDP (2012 est.) 31% of GDP (2011 est.) 31% of GDP (2010 est.)
|GDP - composition, by end use:
| household consumption: 73.5%
government consumption: 13.5%
investment in fixed capital: 23.1%
investment in inventories: 0.5%
exports of goods and services: 54.5%
imports of goods and services: -65.1% (2012 est.)
|GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
| household consumption: 73.5%
government consumption: 13.5%
investment in fixed capital: 23.1%
investment in inventories: 0.5%
exports of goods and services: 54.5%
imports of goods and services: -65.1% (2012 est.)
|Agriculture - products:
|sugarcane, tea, corn, potatoes, bananas, pulses; cattle, goats; fish
|food processing (largely sugar milling), textiles, clothing, mining, chemicals, metal products, transport equipment, nonelectrical machinery, tourism
|Industrial production growth rate:
|2.5% (2012 est.)
|Labor force:
|626,900 (2012 est.)
|Labor force - by occupation:
| agriculture and fishing: 9% construction and
industry: 30% transportation and communication: 7% trade, restaurants, hotels: 22% finance: 6% other
services: 25% (2007)
|Unemployment rate:
|8.1% (2012 est.) 7.9% (2011 est.)
|Population below poverty line:
|8% (2006 est.)
|Household income or consumption by percentage share:
| lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
|Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|39 (2006 est.) 37 (1987 est.)
| revenues: $2.456 billion
expenditures: $2.664 billion (2012 est.)
|Taxes and other revenues:
|21.4% of GDP (2012 est.)
|Public debt:
|56.5% of GDP (2012 est.) 57.4% of GDP (2011 est.)
|Fiscal year:
|1 July - 30 June
|Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.9% (2012 est.) 6.5% (2011 est.)
|Current account balance:
|-$1.433 billion (2012 est.) -$1.164 billion (2011 est.)
|$2.674 billion (2012 est.) $2.647 billion (2011 est.)
|Exports - commodities:
|clothing and textiles, sugar, cut flowers, molasses, fish
|Exports - partners:
|UK 18.7%, France 16.4%, US 10.4%, South Africa 9.7%, Spain 7.6%, Italy 7.1%, Madagascar 6.7% (2012)
|$5.107 billion (2012 est.) $4.925 billion (2011 est.)
|Imports - commodities:
|manufactured goods, capital equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals
|Imports - partners:
|India 23.7%, China 15.3%, France 8.9%, South Africa 6.3% (2012)
|Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|$3.046 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $2.779 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Debt - external:
|$3.275 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $2.686 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|Market value of publicly traded shares:
|$6.54 billion (31 December 2011) $6.506 billion (31 December 2010) $4.74 billion (31 December 2009)
|Exchange rates:
|Mauritian rupees (MUR) per US dollar - 30.051 (2012 est.) 28.706 (2011 est.) 30.784 (2010 est.) 31.96 (2009) 27.973 (2008)
|^Back to Top
|Electricity - production:
|2.889 billion kWh (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 128
|Electricity - consumption:
|2.687 billion kWh (2009 est.)
|Electricity - exports:
|0 kWh (2010 est.)
|Electricity - imports:
|0 kWh (2010 est.)
|Electricity - installed generating capacity:
|885,200 kW (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from fossil fuels:
|75.2% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
|0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
|6.7% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from other renewable sources:
|18.1% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - production:
|0 bbl/day (2011 est.)
|Crude oil - exports:
|0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - imports:
|0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - proved reserves:
|0 bbl (1 January 2012 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - production:
|0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - consumption:
|24,710 bbl/day (2011 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - exports:
|0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - imports:
|22,750 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|Natural gas - production:
|0 cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - consumption:
|0 cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - exports:
|0 cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - imports:
|0 cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - proved reserves:
|0 cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
|Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
|4.545 million Mt (2010 est.)
|^Back to Top
|Telephones in use:
| 374,600 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 107
|Cellular Phones in use:
|1.294 million (2011)
|Telephone system:
| general assessment: small system with good service
domestic: monopoly over fixed-line services terminated in 2005; fixed-line teledensity roughly 30 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular services launched in 1989 with current teledensity roughly 100 per 100 persons
international: country code - 230; landing point for the SAFE submarine cable that provides links to Asia and South Africa where it connects to the SAT-3/WASC submarine cable that provides further links to parts of East Africa, and Europe; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); new microwave link to Reunion; HF radiotelephone links to several countries (2011)
|Broadcast media:
|the government maintains control over TV broadcasting through the Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation (MBC), which operates 3 analog and 10 digital TV stations; MBC is a shareholder in a local company that operates 2 pay-TV stations; the state retains the largest radio broadcast network with multiple stations; several private radio broadcasters have entered the market since 2001; transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are available (2007)
|Internet country code:
|Internet hosts:
|51,139 (2012)
|Internet users:
|290,000 (2009)
|^Back to Top
| 5 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 180
|Airports (paved runways):
| total 2
over 3,047 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2013)
|Airports (unpaved runways):
| total 3
914 to 1,523 m: 2
under 914 m: 1 (2013)
| total 2,066 km
paved: 2,066 km (includes 75 km of expressways) (2009)
|Merchant marine:
| total 4
by type: passenger/cargo 2, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 1 (2010)
|Ports and terminals:
|Port Louis
|^Back to Top
|Military branches:
|no regular military forces; Mauritius Police Force, Special Mobile Force, National Coast Guard (2011)
|Manpower available for military service:
|males age 16-49: 343,628 (2010 est.)
|Manpower fit for military service:
| males age 16-49: 280,596
females age 16-49: 283,317 (2010 est.)
|Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
| male: 10,193
female: 10,104 (2010 est.)
|Military expenditures:
|0.1% of GDP (2012)
|^Back to Top
|Transnational Issues
|Disputes - International:
|Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Islands; claims French-administered Tromelin Island
|Illicit drugs:
|consumer and transshipment point for heroin from South Asia; small amounts of cannabis produced and consumed locally; significant offshore financial industry creates potential for money laundering, but corruption levels are relatively low and the government appears generally to be committed to regulating its banking industry
|^Back to Top
« Previous Country | Next Country » Back to Flag Counter Overview
Source: CIA - The World Factbook


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Before the Deluge
Before the Deluge by Jackson Browne. By Jackson Browne. For Piano/Vocal/Chords. Pop/Rock. 5 pages. Published by Alfred Music - Digital Sheet Music (AX.00-PS-0005566).
Jackson's third release features era-defining songs. This song from the album-matching folio features a professional arrangement for Piano/Vocal/Chords.
About Digital Downloads
Digital Downloads are downloadable sheet music in digital format that can be viewed directly on your computer, tablet or mobile device. Once you download your digital sheet music, you can view and print it at home, school, or anywhere you want to make music, and you don't have to be connected to the internet. Just purchase, download and play!
PLEASE NOTE: Your digital sheet music will have a "watermark" at the bottom of each page that will include your name, purchase date and number of copies purchased. You are only licensed to print as many copies as you have purchased. You may not distribute or print more copies than purchased for use (i.e. you may not print individual copies for friends or students)


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Use the Mobi file on these devices and readers:
all versions of the Kindle, and all versions of the Kindle app.
Use the ePub file on these devices and readers:
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Web Stories
Student comedy troupe to present spring show
Thursday through Saturday, Feb. 28-March 2, 2013, 10:30 p.m. · Theatre Intime
Posted February 25, 2013; 12:13 p.m.
Quipfire! Improv Comedy, Princeton's oldest improvised comedy group, will perform at 10:30 p.m. Thursday through Saturday, Feb. 28 -March 2, in Theatre Intime. The show will present improvisational comedy based on audience suggestions, including a first for the company — an improvised musical. Tickets are available by calling University ticketing at 609-258-9220 or in person at the Frist Campus Center Box Office.


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"Joining PH Professional Network is the first step you can take toward staying well-informed"- Amy Kimber, RN, APNP, Chair of PH Professional Network
"Joining PH Professional Network is the first step you can take toward staying well-informed"- Amy Kimber, RN, APNP, Chair of PH Professional Network
Dear Colleague,
For more than two decades, the Pulmonary Hypertension Association (PHA) has worked with patients, families, caregivers and medical professionals to raise awareness, to provide resources, education and support, and to fund research that will ultimately lead to a cure for pulmonary hypertension (PH).
The PH Professional Network (PHPN) is a diverse group made up of the many individuals involved in PH practice, including nurses, pharmacists, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, respiratory therapists, physical therapists, social workers, dietitians and more. We recognize the importance of collaboration across many disciplines and work to provide support and targeted resources for all of those involved in PH patient care.
PHPN was established in 1999 to provide educational opportunities and facilitate networking among allied health professionals involved in the care of PH patients. Since its founding, PHPN has helped build links among allied health professionals around the U.S. and abroad. The colleague-to-colleague connection that PHPN provides has significantly contributed to improved care and outcomes for PH patients and families.
Joining PHPN is the first step you can take toward staying well-informed about the clinical research arena, the treatments that are available for PH patients and the provision of optimal patient care. By providing a network of support and resources, PHPN makes sharing knowledge easier so that allied health professionals do not have to "reinvent the wheel."
PHPN's success comes from the dedication of its members who understand the importance of working together toward a common goal. There are so many ways to be an active member in PHPN, such as attending a conference or symposium, writing articles for our newsletter, or serving as a mentor. We encourage you to learn more about our committees and member benefits and we hope you will join us as a new member of PHPN.
Amy Kimber, RN, APNPChair, PH Professional Network
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Ok.. so the first post on JTE has been met with some resistance. Let me just say this, then I will move on.
As a Scoutmaster or Committee Chair, you need to have a way to measure the success of your unit. Going camping, having Scouts cross over, and holding a Court of Honor or two is not an accurate way of knowing that you are delivering the promise of Scouting to the youth of your Troop. We all can stand back and say that we are doing a good job, but can't we do better? Sure.
I heard a comment about JTE as it applied to the old Quality Unit program in that they were always a Quality Unit, and now they may not be in the new system. Well then, maybe your unit needs to work harder in the areas that you fall short. Other comments reflect a need to pass it off to the youth leadership. And while I agree that Scout units are to be Youth led, every unit should have a plan that is part youth driven and part adult driven. The Troop committee must have a plan that supports the plan of the PLC. Handing off the JTE program to the PLC will only get them so far down the road. This is not setting them up for success. The Journey to Excellence program is designed to bring out the best in the units leadership both adult and youth.
OK.. so having said that, lets dive into the program.
In this post I am going to discuss the first couple elements of the JTE program. Advancement and Retention.
The objective is to increase the percentage of Boy Scouts earning rank advancements. To earn the Bronze level you need to have 55% of your Scouts earn one rank or have a 2 percentage point increase. I think this is important especially if you have older Scouts that are not going to advance in the year. Lets say a Scout is Life, it is likely that he will not earn Eagle in that next year. So having a percentage increase helps your score when you have younger Scouts earning Tenderfoot to First class in that first year. This is attainable in every unit. For the Silver level 60 % of your Scouts need to advance or 55% AND a 2 percentage point increase. The Gold level requires that 65% of the Scouts advance AND a 2 percentage point increase is attained. I find that these goals are within reason and with encouragement from the committee and Scoutmasters, every Scout, especially those younger Scouts can assist your unit in achieving this goal.
So what is the PLC's role in this objective. If the PLC encourages each Patrol to shoot for the Honor Patrol award, then Patrol members will advance. The Troop guides play a major role in attaining this and working the younger Scouts on the trail to First class. So its not just a number, it is a goal that assists your PLC and Troop Guides in properly functioning within the structure of their leadership roles.
Simply put the objective here is to improve your retention rate. So you have to retain and reregrister 76% of your Scouts or have a 2 percentage point increase from the previous year to earn the Bronze level. 80% for Silver and 85% for Gold. I think this is a worthy goal. My only heart burn with this goal is retention in general needs to be thoughtfully considered with each Scout. Here is what I am saying. I believe that every young man should be in Scouting. I don't however think that every young man fits in Scouting. I have often said that I would rather have 10 Scouts that want to be there than 100 Scouts and no one really wants to be there. Having a large troop that has a small percentage of active Scouts is just as good as having a small troop. I like the idea that the Boy Scouts of America wants us to retain everyone, but at 85% retention that means we are really allowing for those that do not want to be there to find a fit elsewhere. I like that.
So in my Troop I can lose 6 Scouts (not that I want to) and still have an 85% retention rate. Last year we gained 9 and lost 6. Our retention rate was still at 85%, but our net gain for the year was +4. This would be a 40% gain for the year and qualify for the Gold in the JTE program for both retention and Building Boy Scouting. Most of us would agree that these numbers are reasonable and easy to attain, as long as we are building a good program that the Scouts want to be a part of and establish good recruiting habits and relationships with Cub Scout packs.
Now, more than likely I lost many of you that are tired of the numbers. Those of you that think that Scouting should not be about the numbers and that this is just an excercise in helping the DE's look good. I beg to differ though. I think that periodic looks at the numbers keep your unit on track. Further, I think it is important for the Scouts of your PLC to understand some of this. It is a tool that they can use to assist in recruiting for the future of your troop. Who better to recruit then the Scouts that enjoy the program?
This is just as much a function of the Patrol leaders council as the Troop committee's. They, working together will achieve success as a unit on a Journey to Excellence.
As much as the PLC of my Troop wants every year to be the Troop of the Year, the Journey to Excellence is a part of the program that gives them goals and tangible results.
I know that I am not going to convince some of you.. and you are probably the same Scouters that balk at anything that "National" forces on you. Like methods and Aims.. you reluctantly went along with Quality Unit and this has no meaning to you either. So be it… I am sure you can run a great program without it also. As for me. I like the tools and I like to teach and mentor Scouts to do the hard things in life. To set goals and plan to achieve them. This is yet another opportunity to do that with our Patrols, our committees, and our Scoutmasters.
More later.
Your comments are welcome.. send them to email@example.com or simply leave a comment here or at the SMMVoice mail 503-308-8297.
Have a Great Scouting Day!
Journey to Excellence Pt. 2
Ok.. so the first post on JTE has been met with some resistance. Let me just say this, then I will move on.


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Map shows new campus voting districts, polling stations for June 5 primary
Posted June 1, 2012; 06:00 p.m.
Residents of the Princeton University campus can find the location of their voting districts and polling stations for the primary Election Day through an online map. Polls will be open from 6 a.m. to 8 p.m. Tuesday, June 5.
This is the first election of the newly consolidated Princeton Borough and Township. The primary election will be for federal, state and local elected officials.
All the voting districts have changed. Now, instead of being part of five districts, the majority of the University campus will be in the new District No. 7 and will vote at the Icahn Laboratory. Those residing in the eating clubs will now vote in the new District No. 8 at the Computer Science Building.
Made available by the Offices of Community and Regional Affairs and the Dean of Undergraduate Students, the map shows the voting districts, as well as the location of the polling stations in each.
All students should bring their Princeton University ID card for identification.
Additional voting information for Mercer County residents is available on the New Jersey Department of State website.


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Our compatible Toshiba TK05 Toner Cartridge will meet or exceed OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) specifications and high standards of quality and reliability for your Toshiba TF-651. Designed to be 100% compatible and interchangeable with OEM cartridges.
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One of my most important mentors said that we should give students "Freedom within structure." I took that concept to heart and it has resulted in a motivating, challenging, and highly effective leaning environment. I think kids should love coming to school. That is how I taught when I was in the classroom and that is what I keep in mind when I create teaching resources for TpT. My goal is to create high-quality products that are easy to use and include some element or creative or critical thinking. Many of my products are also aligned to Common Core Standards.
I am currently a Top Ten seller on TpT, both for all time as well as in the weekly lists. I am the all time number one seller for grades 3-5. In addition, I have written over 100 nonfiction books for children for a variety of publishers as well as several teacher resource books.
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The Princeton Atelier program will present "Wind-Up," a new dance theater production that represents the first full collaboration between the directors of Philadelphia's Pig Iron and Headlong companies, Friday and Saturday, April 25-26, at the Lewis Center for the Arts. The Atelier program brings professional artists to campus for intensive collaborative work with students and faculty. Also joining in on this performance is an award-winning scenographer from New York. In this scene, the kitchen rests on large pillars 10 feet in the air. Show times are 7:30 p.m. Friday and 3 p.m. and 7:30 p.m. Saturday in the Matthews Acting Studio at 185 Nassau St.
Above left: Jaamil Kosoko (left), a Philadelphia choreographer and dancer, and Keely Garfield, a New York choreographer and performer, act out a scene.
Princeton Atelier sophomore Fletcher Heisler works between scenes with choreographer and dancer Jaamil Kosoko.
Below left: Director Dan Rothenberg (in orange), co-director of Philadelphia's Pig Iron Theatre Company, discusses a new scene with professional actors and Princeton Atelier students.
Working together on an idea are (from left) guest artist and scenographer Mimi Lien; guest artist and choreographer David Brick, co-director of Philadelphia's Headlong Dance Theater; and costume designer Maiko Matsushima.
Below left: Princeton Atelier participants (from left) sophomore Hanna Barudin, junior Sam Zetumer and sophomore Fletcher Heisler act out the existential detective story.
Photos: John Jameson
Web Stories
Arts professionals, students collaborate in new work
Posted April 21, 2008; 10:57 a.m.
Two professional directors from Philadelphia, a scenographer from New York, an ensemble of seasoned performers and a group of Princeton students are joining forces to bring a new work to the stage Friday and Saturday, April 25-26, at the Lewis Center for the Arts.
"Wind-Up" will be presented at 7:30 p.m. Friday and 3 p.m. and 7:30 p.m. Saturday in the Matthews Acting Studio at 185 Nassau St. as part of the Princeton Atelier program.
The dance theater performance will showcase the collaborative work of David Brick, co-director of Headlong Dance Theater; Dan Rothenberg, co-director of the Pig Iron Theatre Company; and Mimi Lien, an award-winning scenographer.
"Wind-Up" is an existential detective story where the mundane scrapes against the unreal on the boundary between awareness and identity. The piece uncovers a secret world of freaky functionaries -- ambiguous bureaucrats of a netherworld. Talking animals, underground journeys and hidden office spaces make up the landscape of this meditation on the unknown, inspired by the writings of Haruki Murakami and Tim O'Brien.
The new hybrid work represents the first full collaboration between the directors of the Pig Iron and Headlong companies, which have been at the forefront of the physical theater movement for the last 15 years, as well as amidst the blossoming renaissance of experimental performance coming out of Philadelphia. The set was conceived by Lien, a New York-based designer of sets/environments, and focuses on the interaction between audience/environment and object/performer.
Creating an experience of space that Lien characterizes as "an intimate immensity" has been a starting point for the creation of this work. Brick said that the Princeton Atelier provided the ideal environment for the three artists to cross collaborate outside the structures of their home companies: "'Wind-Up' is a new chapter in our lives as we jointly create a brand new ensemble and toss into the air our habits of how we have worked these past many years."
Founded in 1994 by Nobel laureate Toni Morrison, and now directed by distinguished poet Paul Muldoon, the Howard G.B. Clark '21 Professor and chair of the Lewis Center for the Arts, the Atelier program brings professional artists to campus for intensive collaborative work with students and faculty. Atelier artists select a project they want to explore in the company of students before developing it for the professional arts community.
The performance will feature an ensemble of accomplished professionals who were brought together exclusively to be a part of this new work. The cast includes Keeley Garfield, a distinguished New York choreographer and performer; Richard Crawford, founding member of the internationally acclaimed theater ensemble The Flying Machine; Brian Osborne, a Philadelphia-based actor, playwright and director; and Jaamil Kosoko, a Philadelphia choreographer and dancer. These performers will be in the company of Princeton Atelier students who have worked alongside the guest artists for the entire semester and were able to observe and participate in the creative process.
The performances are free and open to the public; however, seating is limited and reservations are strongly recommended. For tickets, call (609) 258-9220.
The performances are funded in large part by the Newhouse Foundation, Jordan Roth '97 Fellowships in Theater, and the Steven J. Hirsch '17 and Dorothy B. Hirsch Performing Arts Endowment Fund.


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This weekend, our Troop conducted Junior Leader Training. Because we have so many young Scouts, we decided to do things a little different this year. This year, wanted to ensure that the leaders clearly understood what was to be expected as a leader. Instead of the typical classroom environment, we took the training out doors where we do the leading. An over night camping experience in which the Scouts attending the training committed to doing everything right. The committment of the Scouts that arrived on Friday evening at Camp Discovery was apparent from the word go.
We built a camp fire and pulled our chairs up close. The theme for the weekend was Modeling the Expected Behavior. What that means to the Scouts of our Troop is that as leaders they need to set the very best example that they can. As examples they model the behaviors that we expect to see from the rest of the Troop.
So this weekend, the leaders learned about the Teaching EDGE, Leading EDGE, Ethical decision-making, Communicating effectively, and Learning to teach. The leaders shared expectations and demonstrated to one another what "Right looks like". This morning after teaching one another how to properly pack gear, leave no trace, and cook a meal, they spent some time on the C.O.P.E course working on team development.
At the end of the training it was time for reflection and reinforcing the theme of the weekend. Modeling the Expected Behavior.
This theme will be the driving force for the rest of the year. It is the hope of those that attended the training that they will affect a positive change in the Troop. They all understand that as they go, so will the rest of the Troop.
In my opinion this was the best Junior Leader Training session I have seen our Troop do. There was a clear understanding at the end of the training and I too feel that the Troop will better for it. With so many young Scouts in the Troop and more coming at the end of the month, Scouts that are willing to take responsibility and be the very best example by modeling the expected behavior, will be have a lasting impact on our unit.
Have a Great Scouting Day!


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Maria Ciocca, a 2005 alumna who is a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, won third prize from the judges in the Art of Science competition for "Worm Love." She is studying the process of asymmetric cell division in the development of model organisms, such as the worms pictured here. "In the process of using immunofluorescence microscopy to study the one- and two-cell stage embryo of this organism, occasionally the slides will contain fully developed worms that were not properly removed in the fixation process," she said. "Typically these worms are not imaged and processed -- in fact, they do not usually retain a recognizable form. When I came across this image, it was too good to pass up." An exhibition of 48 works from the Art of Science competition is available online and in the Friend Center atrium.
View a video of the Art of Science exhibition.
"Uncovering Lost Painting of Vincent van Gogh" was submitted by senior Andrei Brasoveanu and Ingrid Daubechies, the William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Mathematics and Applied and Computational Mathematics. It represents their work to reveal the portrait of a woman van Gogh painted around 1885, then later painted over to create "Pasture in Bloom."
Web Stories
Exhibition showcases the 'Art of Science'
Posted May 13, 2009; 10:21 a.m.
A panel of distinguished judges has selected the best pieces of art to come out of the University's research labs. Now it's everyone else's turn.
Winners of the 2009 Art of Science competition were announced at a gallery opening in the Friend Center May 8. The show features 48 works chosen from more than 200 submissions and will be on display in the Friend Center atrium for a year.
Judges awarded prizes to three of the works. First prize went to Celeste Nelson, assistant professor of chemical engineering, for "baby squid," an image of squid embryos taken using bright field microscopy. Second prize went to Pat Watson, Mike Gaevski, Joe Palmer and Conrad Sylvestre, technical staff members in Princeton's Micro/Nanofabrication Laboratory, for their entry "Desert Butte," a scanning electron microscope image. Third prize went to Maria Ciocca, a 2005 alumna now a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, for "Worm Love," an image taken using immunofluorescence microscopy.
"baby squid," an image of squid embryos taken using bright field microscopy, earned first prize in the Art of Science competition for Celeste Nelson, assistant professor of chemical engineering. Her tissue morphodynamics laboratory studies the dynamic processes that control tissue development.
An online gallery for Princeton's third Art of Science competition went live May 14 and is accompanied by a site that allows members of the public to choose their favorite entry. The voting site is an outgrowth of a sociology and computer science research project at Princeton.
Judges included President Shirley M. Tilghman; Emmet Gowin, an acclaimed photographer and professor of visual arts in the Lewis Center for the Arts; David Dobkin, dean of the faculty and a professor of computer science whose research focuses on computer graphics; and Paul Muldoon, chair of the Lewis Center for the Arts.
The theme of this year's competition was "found art," with the organizers of the exhibition soliciting scientific images created during the course of an actual research project, rather than art inspired by science.
"This show exuberantly supports the idea that images produced in the pursuit of science can have an aesthetic value that is on a par with art created for art's sake," said Andrew Zwicker, the head of science education at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory and a lecturer in the Princeton Writing Program.
"We hope that this exhibit will serve as a window through which the wider, nontechnical audience can appreciate and understand the importance of scientific research," said Adam Finkelstein, associate professor of computer science and one of the exhibition organizers.
This scanning electron microscope image earned a group of technical staff members from the Micro/Nanofabrication Laboratory second prize. Titled "Desert Butte," it was submitted by Pat Watson, Mike Gaevski, Joe Palmer and Conrad Sylvestre.
The top three entrants were awarded cash prizes in amounts calculated by the golden ratio (whose proportions have since antiquity been considered to be aesthetically pleasing): first prize, $250; second prize, $154.51; and third prize, $95.49.
After finishing judging last week, Muldoon said, "It was an invigorating and inspirational experience for me, I must say, to be reminded of the extent to which the structures and patterns of the natural world anticipate the structures and patterns we describe as art. It was particularly striking, too, given the alacrity with which we agreed on the top pieces, to be reminded moreover of how art chooses us rather than our choosing it."
Gowin, who has served as a judge for all three Art of Science competitions, said that it "is always a joy to see and study the amazing images that Art of Science brings together."
"Nature is obliviously full of amazing forms and surprises and so is the human imagination," Gowin said. "It seems to me that the collaboration between photography, in its many forms, and the natural sciences has been of one of the most fruitful meeting places of our modern world. The Art of Science is one of those lovely projects with which we should never be finished."
Dobkin noted that "as in past years, the quality of submissions to the Art of Science exhibit this year made judging almost impossible."
This image, titled "Vortex Waltz," captures two vortex centers (dark red) that have sent out spiral bands and shock waves throughout the background fluid as they've circled each other and combined. The image was submitted by graduate student Luc Peterson and Greg Hammett, principal research physicist at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory and lecturer with the rank of professor in astrophysical sciences.
"The committee felt that many of the entries were worthy of recognition, and it was difficult to narrow our selections down to three favorites," said Dobkin. "It will be interesting indeed to see whether the viewing public echoes our choices or offers a different opinion altogether."
The Art of Science "People's Choice" award of $196.53 (the geometric mean of the first and second prizes) will be awarded to the artist of the piece that receives the most online votes by noon July 1.
The Art of Science voting gallery was created by a team headed by Matthew Salganik, an assistant professor of sociology at Princeton. The site builds upon an existing project called Photocracy, which draws on research at the Center for Information Technology Policy combining sociology, systems engineering and theoretical computer science.
"The platform we have built is essentially a suggestion box for the digital age, a tool that will enable groups to collect and then collaboratively evaluate new information such as ideas or photos -- or in this case, the art of science," Salganik said.
Hours for the Art of Science exhibition in the Friend Center atrium are 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. weekdays. It is supported by the Office of the President, the Office of the Dean of the Faculty, the School of Engineering and Applied Science, the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, the Center for Information Technology Policy and the Lewis Center for the Arts.


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