text:
Nigeria Population: 174,507,5393 VISITORS FROM HERE!
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|British influence and control over what would become Nigeria and Africa's most populous country grew through the 19th century. A series of constitutions after World War II granted Nigeria greater autonomy; independence came in 1960. Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999, and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The government continues to face the daunting task of reforming a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, Nigeria continues to experience longstanding ethnic and religious tensions. Although both the 2003 and 2007 presidential elections were marred by significant irregularities and violence, Nigeria is currently experiencing its longest period of civilian rule since independence. The general elections of April 2007 marked the first civilian-to-civilian transfer of power in the country's history.
The Niger enters the country in the northwest and flows southward through tropical rain forests and swamps to its delta in the Gulf of Guinea
|Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon
|Geographic coordinates:
| total: 923,768 sq km
land: 910,768 sq km
water: 13,000 sq km
Size comparison: slightly more than twice the size of California
|Land Boundaries:
| total: 4,047 km
border countries: Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 km
|853 km
|Maritime claims:
| territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation
|varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north
|southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north
|Elevation extremes:
| lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 m
|Natural resources:
|natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land
|Land use:
| arable land: 38.97%
permanent crops: 3.46%
other: 57.57% (2011)
|Irrigated land:
|2,932 sq km (2004)
|Natural hazards:
|periodic droughts; flooding
|Current Environment Issues:
|soil degradation; rapid deforestation; urban air and water pollution; desertification; oil pollution - water, air, and soil; has suffered serious damage from oil spills; loss of arable land; rapid urbanization
|International Environment Agreements:
| party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
|^Back to Top
| noun: Nigerian(s)
adjective: Nigerian
|Ethnic groups:
|Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%
|English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani, over 500 additional indigenous languages
|Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%
|174,507,539 (July 2013 est.) note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected
|Age structure:
| 0-14 years: 43.8% (male 39,127,615/female 37,334,281)
15-24 years: 19.3% (male 17,201,067/female 16,451,357)
25-54 years: 30.1% (male 25,842,967/female 26,699,432)
55-64 years: 3.8% (male 3,016,896/female 3,603,048)
65 years and over: 3% (male 2,390,154/female 2,840,722) (2013 est.)
|Dependency ratios:
| total dependency ratio: 89 %
youth dependency ratio: 83.8 %
elderly dependency ratio: 5.2 %
potential support ratio: 19.3 (2013)
|Median age:
| total: 17.9 years
male: 17.4 years
female: 18.4 years (2013 est.)
|Population growth rate:
|2.54% (2013 est.)
|Birth rate:
|38.78 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
|Death rate:
|13.2 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
|Net migration rate:
|-0.22 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
| urban population: 49.6% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 3.75% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
|Major urban areas - population:
|Lagos 10.203 million; Kano 3.304 million; Ibadan 2.762 million; ABUJA (capital) 1.857 million; Kaduna 1.519 million (2009)
|Sex ratio:
| at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.85 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female
total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
|Mother's mean age at first birth:
|20.9 (2008 est.)
|Maternal mortality rate:
|630 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
|Infant mortality rate:
| total: 72.97 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 77.98 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 67.66 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
|Life expectancy at birth:
| total population: 52.46 years
male: 49.35 years
female: 55.77 years (2013 est.)
|Total fertility rate:
|5.31 children born/woman (2013 est.)
|Contraceptive prevalence rate:
|14.1% (2011)
|Health expenditures:
|5.1% of GDP (2010)
|Physicians density:
|0.4 physicians/1,000 population (2008)
|Hospital bed density:
|0.53 beds/1,000 population (2004)
|Drinking water source:
| improved:
urban: 74% of population
rural: 43% of population
total: 58% of population
urban: 26% of population
rural: 57% of population
total: 42% of population (2010 est.)
|Sanitation facility access:
| improved:
urban: 35% of population
rural: 27% of population
total: 31% of population
urban: 65% of population
rural: 73% of population
total: 69% of population (2010 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
|3.6% (2009 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
|3.3 million (2009 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - deaths:
|220,000 (2009 est.)
|Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
|6.5% (2008)
|Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
|26.7% (2008)
|Education expenditures:
| definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 61.3%
male: 72.1%
female: 50.4% (2010 est.)
|School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
| total: 9 years
male: 10 years
female: 8 years (2005)
|^Back to Top
|Country name:
| conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria
conventional short form: Nigeria
|Government type:
|federal republic
| name: Abuja
geographic coordinates: 9 05 N, 7 32 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
|Administrative divisions:
|36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Federal Capital Territory*, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara
|1 October 1960 (from the UK)
|National holiday:
|Independence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960)
|adopted 5 May 1999; effective 29 May 1999
|Legal system:
|mixed legal system of English common law, Islamic law (in 12 northern states), and traditional law
|18 years of age; universal
|Executive branch:
| chief of state: President Goodluck JONATHAN (since 5 May 2010, acting since 9 February 2010); Vice President Mohammed Namadi SAMBO (since 19 May 2010); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; JONATHAN assumed the presidency on 5 May 2010 following the death of President YAR'ADUA; JONATHAN was declared Acting President on 9 February 2010 by the National Assembly during the extended illness of the former president
head of government: President Goodluck JONATHAN (since 5 May 2010, acting since 9 February 2010); Vice President Mohammed Namadi SAMBO (since 19 May 2010)
cabinet: Federal Executive Council (For more information visit the World Leaders website )
elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 16 April 2011 (next to be held in April 2015)
election results: Goodluck JONATHAN elected president; percent of vote - Goodluck JONATHAN 58.9%, Muhammadu BUHARI 32.0%, Nuhu RIBADU 5.4%, Ibrahim SHEKARAU 2.4%, other 1.3%
|Legislative branch:
| bicameral National Assembly consists of the Senate (109 seats, 3 from each state plus 1 from Abuja; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and House of Representatives (360 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held on 9 and 26 April 2011 (next to be held in 2015); House of Representatives - last held on 9 and 26 April 2011 (next to be held in 2015)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDP 73, ACN 17, ANPP 7, CPC 6, LP 4, other 2; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDP 205, ACN 69, CPC 36, ANPP 28, LP 9, APGA 6, ACC 5, other 2; note - due to logistical problems elections in a number of constituencies were held on 26 April 2011
|Judicial branch:
| highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 15 justices) judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the president on the recommendation of the National Judicial Council, a 23-member independent body of federal and state judicial officials; judge appointments confirmed by the Senate; judges serve until age 65
subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; Federal High Court; High Court of the Federal Capital Territory; Sharia Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; Customary Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; state court system similar in structure to federal system
|Political parties and leaders:
|Accord Party or ACC [Mohammad Lawal MALADO] Action Congress of Nigeria or ACN [Adebisi Bamidele AKANDE] All Nigeria Peoples Party or ANPP [Ogbonnaya C. ONU] All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor C. UMEH] Congress for Progressive Change or CPC [Tony MOMOH] Democratic Peoples Party or DPP [Jeremiah USENI] Labor Party [Umar MUSTAPHA] Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Bamanga TUKUR]
|Political pressure groups and leaders:
|Academic Staff Union for Universities or ASUU Campaign for Democracy or CD Civil Liberties Organization or CLO Committee for the Defense of Human Rights or CDHR Constitutional Right Project or CRP Human Right Africa National Association of Democratic Lawyers or NADL National Association of Nigerian Students or NANS Nigerian Bar Association or NBA Nigerian Labor Congress or NLC Nigerian Medical Association or NMA the press Universal Defenders of Democracy or UDD
|International organization participation:
|ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CD, D-8, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|National symbol(s):
|National anthem:
| name: "Arise Oh Compatriots, Nigeria's Call Obey"
lyrics/music: John A. ILECHUKWU, Eme Etim AKPAN, B. A. OGUNNAIKE, Sotu OMOIGUI and P. O. ADERIBIGBE/Benedict Elide ODIASE
note: adopted 1978; the lyrics are a mixture of five of the top entries in a national contest
|Diplomatic representation in the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador Adebowale Ibidapo ADEFUYE
chancery: 3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 986-8400
consulate(s) general: Atlanta, New York
|Diplomatic representation from the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador Terence P. MCCULLEY
embassy: Plot 1075 Diplomatic Drive, Central District Area, Abuja
mailing address: P. O. Box 5760, Garki, Abuja
telephone: [234] (9) 461-4000
|^Back to Top
Oil-rich Nigeria has been hobbled by political instability, corruption, inadequate infrastructure, and poor macroeconomic management, but in 2008 began pursuing economic reforms. Nigeria's former military rulers failed to diversify the economy away from its overdependence on the capital-intensive oil sector, which provides 95% of foreign exchange earnings and about 80% of budgetary revenues. Following the signing of an IMF stand-by agreement in August 2000, Nigeria received a debt-restructuring deal from the Paris Club and a $1 billion credit from the IMF, both contingent on economic reforms. Nigeria pulled out of its IMF program in April 2002, after failing to meet spending and exchange rate targets, making it ineligible for additional debt forgiveness from the Paris Club. In November 2005, Abuja won Paris Club approval for a debt-relief deal that eliminated $18 billion of debt in exchange for $12 billion in payments - a total package worth $30 billion of Nigeria's total $37 billion external debt. Since 2008 the government has begun to show the political will to implement the market-oriented reforms urged by the IMF, such as modernizing the banking system, removing subsidies, and resolving regional disputes over the distribution of earnings from the oil industry. GDP rose strongly in 2007-12 because of growth in non-oil sectors and robust global crude oil prices. President JONATHAN has established an economic team that includes experienced and reputable members and has announced plans to increase transparency, diversify economic growth, and improve fiscal management. Lack of infrastructure and slow implementation of reforms are key impediments to growth. The government is working toward developing stronger public-private partnerships for roads, agriculture, and power. Nigeria's financial sector was hurt by the global financial and economic crises, but the Central Bank governor has taken measures to restructure and strengthen the sector to include imposing mandatory higher minimum capital requirements.
|GDP (purchasing power parity):
| GDP (purchasing power parity): $455.5 billion (2012 est.) $428.4 billion (2011 est.) $399 billion (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
|GDP (official exchange rate):
|GDP (official exchange rate): $268.7 billion (2012 est.)
|GDP - real growth rate:
|6.3% (2012 est.) 7.4% (2011 est.) 8% (2010 est.)
|GDP - per capita (PPP):
| GDP - per capita (PPP): $2,800 (2012 est.) $2,700 (2011 est.) $2,600 (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
|Gross national saving:
|24.4% of GDP (2012 est.) 19.4% of GDP (2011 est.) 20.4% of GDP (2010 est.)
|GDP - composition, by end use:
| household consumption: 53.2%
government consumption: 14.9%
investment in fixed capital: 18.4%
investment in inventories: 0%
exports of goods and services: 44.2%
imports of goods and services: -30.7% (2012 est.)
|GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
| household consumption: 53.2%
government consumption: 14.9%
investment in fixed capital: 18.4%
investment in inventories: 0%
exports of goods and services: 44.2%
imports of goods and services: -30.7% (2012 est.)
|Agriculture - products:
|cocoa, peanuts, cotton, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish
|crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; rubber products, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel
|Industrial production growth rate:
|1.7% (2012 est.)
|Labor force:
|53.83 million (2012 est.)
|Labor force - by occupation:
| agriculture: 70%
industry: 10%
services: 20% (1999 est.)
|Unemployment rate:
|23.9% (2011 est.) 4.9% (2011 est.)
|Population below poverty line:
|70% (2010 est.)
|Household income or consumption by percentage share:
| lowest 10%: 1.8%
highest 10%: 38.2% (2010 est.)
|Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|43.7 (2003) 50.6 (1997)
| revenues: $22.35 billion
expenditures: $27.87 billion (2012 est.)
|Taxes and other revenues:
|8.3% of GDP (2012 est.)
|Public debt:
|16.9% of GDP (2012 est.) 17.2% of GDP (2011 est.)
|Fiscal year:
|calendar year
|Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|Inflation rate (consumer prices): 12.2% (2012 est.) 10.8% (2011 est.)
|Current account balance:
|$6.158 billion (2012 est.) $8.686 billion (2011 est.)
|$92.16 billion (2012 est.) $92.5 billion (2011 est.)
|Exports - commodities:
|petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber
|Exports - partners:
|US 16.8%, India 12.1%, Netherlands 8.6%, Spain 7.8%, Brazil 7.6%, UK 5.1%, Germany 4.9%, Japan 4.1%, France 4.1% (2012)
|$54.6 billion (2012 est.) $61.65 billion (2011 est.)
|Imports - commodities:
|machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals
|Imports - partners:
|China 18.2%, US 10%, India 5.5% (2012)
|Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|$46.41 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $35.21 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Debt - external:
|$13.12 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $13.11 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
|$84.43 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $78.24 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
|$11.24 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $10.34 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Market value of publicly traded shares:
|$39.27 billion (31 December 2011) $50.88 billion (31 December 2010) $33.32 billion (31 December 2009)
|Exchange rates:
|nairas (NGN) per US dollar - 156.81 (2012 est.) 154.74 (2011 est.) 150.3 (2010 est.) 148.9 (2009) 117.8 (2008)
|^Back to Top
|Electricity - production:
|18.82 billion kWh (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 74
|Electricity - consumption:
|17.66 billion kWh (2009 est.)
|Electricity - exports:
|0 kWh (2010 est.)
|Electricity - imports:
|0 kWh (2010 est.)
|Electricity - installed generating capacity:
|5.898 million kW (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from fossil fuels:
|67.1% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
|0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
|32.9% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from other renewable sources:
|0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - production:
|2.525 million bbl/day (2011 est.)
|Crude oil - exports:
|2.051 million bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - imports:
|0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - proved reserves:
|38.5 billion bbl (1 January 2012 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - production:
|102,100 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - consumption:
|271,600 bbl/day (2011 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - exports:
|15,470 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - imports:
|133,400 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|Natural gas - production:
|29 billion cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - consumption:
|4.97 billion cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - exports:
|24.02 billion cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - imports:
|0 cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - proved reserves:
|5.11 trillion cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
|Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
|80.51 million Mt (2010 est.)
|^Back to Top
|Telephones in use:
| 719,400 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 89
|Cellular Phones in use:
|95.167 million (2011)
|Telephone system:
| general assessment: further expansion and modernization of the fixed-line telephone network is needed; network quality remains a problem
domestic: the addition of a second fixed-line provider in 2002 resulted in faster growth but subscribership remains only about 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular services growing rapidly, in part responding to the shortcomings of the fixed-line network; multiple cellular providers operate nationally with subscribership base approaching 60 per 100 persons
international: country code - 234; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) (2010)
|Broadcast media:
|nearly 70 federal government-controlled national and regional TV stations; all 36 states operate TV stations; several private TV stations operational; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; network of federal government-controlled national, regional, and state radio stations; roughly 40 state government-owned radio stations typically carry their own programs except for news broadcasts; about 20 private radio stations; transmissions of international broadcasters are available (2007)
|Internet country code:
|Internet hosts:
|1,234 (2012)
|Internet users:
|43.989 million (2009)
|^Back to Top
| 54 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 87
|Airports (paved runways):
| total 40
over 3,047 m: 10
2,438 to 3,047 m: 12
1,524 to 2,437 m: 9
914 to 1,523 m: 6
under 914 m: 3 (2013)
|Airports (unpaved runways):
| total 14
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 9
under 914 m: 3 (2013)
|5 (2013)
|condensate 124 km; gas 4,045 km; liquid petroleum gas 164 km; oil 4,441 km; refined products 3,940 km (2013)
| total 3,505 km
narrow gauge: 3,505 km 1.067-m gauge (2008)
| total 193,200 km
paved: 28,980 km
unpaved: 164,220 km (2004)
|8,600 km (Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks) (2011)
|Merchant marine:
| total 89
by type: cargo 2, chemical tanker 28, liquefied gas 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 56, specialized tanker 1
foreign-owned: 3 (India 1, UK 2)
registered in other countries: 33 (Bahamas 2, Bermuda 11, Comoros 1, Italy 1, Liberia 4, North Korea 1, Panama 6, Seychelles 1, unknown 6) (2010)
|Ports and terminals:
|Bonny Inshore Terminal, Calabar, Lagos
|^Back to Top
|Military branches:
|Nigerian Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force (2013)
|Military service age and obligation:
|18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2012)
|Manpower available for military service:
| males age 16-49: 37,087,711
females age 16-49: 35,232,127 (2010 est.)
|Manpower fit for military service:
| males age 16-49: 20,839,976
females age 16-49: 19,867,683 (2010 est.)
|Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
| male: 1,767,428
female: 1,687,719 (2010 est.)
|Military expenditures:
|0.9% of GDP (2012)
|^Back to Top
|Transnational Issues
|Disputes - International:
|Joint Border Commission with Cameroon reviewed 2002 ICJ ruling on the entire boundary and bilaterally resolved differences, including June 2006 Greentree Agreement that immediately cedes sovereignty of the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon with a phase-out of Nigerian control within two years while resolving patriation issues; the ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but imprecisely defined coordinates in the ICJ decision and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River all contribute to the delay in implementation; only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries; location of Benin-Niger-Nigeria tripoint is unresolved
|Refugees and internally displaced persons:
|refugees (country of origin): 5,299 (Liberia) (2011) IDPs: undetermined (communal violence between Christians and Muslims, political violence; flooding; forced evictions; competition for resources; displacement is mostly short-term) (2012)
|Illicit drugs:
|a transit point for heroin and cocaine intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets; consumer of amphetamines; safe haven for Nigerian narcotraffickers operating worldwide; major money-laundering center; massive corruption and criminal activity; Nigeria has improved some anti-money-laundering controls, resulting in its removal from the Financial Action Task Force's (FATF's) Noncooperative Countries and Territories List in June 2006; Nigeria's anti-money-laundering regime continues to be monitored by FATF
|^Back to Top
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Source: CIA - The World Factbook


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- Overall: 35.5" wide x 30.75" deep x 31.5" high
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- Weight: 21 pounds
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text:
August 17th Birthday
Date posted - August 17, 2013
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【子連れ旅】travel collections (Travelog)
This is a summary of all the Logbooks (Travelogs) related to 子連れ旅 that we have available. Please go ahead and click on them if you want to read their contents. Does reading about 子連れ旅 make you want to go traveling? In that case let's start planning your next trip!
2015-04-18 - 2015-04-20
2016-11-24 - 2016-11-25


text:
Product Description
From the James Martin Stellar Lamina – Tri Metal Collection.Lamina tri-metal construction – outstanding performance and control. Heat radiates quickly up the sides of the pan, not just the base. Sculptured cast stainless steel handle, with engraved signature. Additional helper handle. Suitable for ALL hob types. Dishwasher and Oven safe. Stellar Lifetime Guarantee. Gift Boxed with James' recipe leaflet.


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High school volleyball: Syracuse at Layton live stream, 4 p.m.
The Deseret News is proud to bring you live streaming coverage of high school events. This event is being produced entirely by volunteers from the community. We appreciate their efforts in helping us to �catch kids doing great things.�
If you�d like to help your school be streamed live, email us at email@example.com.
Copyright 2017, Deseret News Publishing Company


text:
Shana Weber
Photo: John Jameson
Web Stories
Weber selected as sustainability manager
Posted September 21, 2006; 05:46 p.m.
Shana Weber has been named to the newly created position of sustainability manager in the University's facilities department.
Weber served as a faculty member and as director for campus and community programs at Santa Clara University's Environmental Studies Institute from 2002 to 2005. She has been co-producer and contributing science editor since 2005 for "EcoTalk," a nationally syndicated interview format radio program dedicated to environmental sustainability.
At Princeton, she will be responsible for helping the University as a whole to improve its environmental performance and to facilitate its emergence as a leading example of sustainability among institutions of higher education. She will work with students, faculty and staff to diminish the University's ecological footprint by coordinating improvements in energy efficiency, reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and waste, supporting local businesses, improving public awareness of University sustainability efforts, encouraging creative collaboration and dialogue, developing University-wide policies and engaging the University community in the national sustainability discussion.
Among her duties will be serving as liaison to the Princeton Sustainability Committee (formerly the Princeton Environmental Oversight Committee), a group of students, faculty and staff charged since 2002 with monitoring the University's relationship with the environment.
"The University has many different environmental issues that need a champion and coordinator to implement solutions," said Tom Nyquist, director of engineering in the facilities department, to whom Weber reports. "Shana is the right person at the right time for this work."
Weber earned a bachelor's degree in zoology from Ohio State University, a master's degree in cultural studies from Holy Names College and a Ph.D. in environmental science from Indiana University. She has taught environmental science courses at both Indiana University and Santa Clara University.
An ecologist and avid photographer, Weber has participated in educational and scientific expeditions to Brazil, Ecuador and the Galápagos, Costa Rica, Baja Mexico, Alaska and the American West. She recently began studying the American pika in the mountains of Nevada and Montana. This smallest member of the rabbit family, which lives above the tree line on rocky slopes, appears to be suffering population decline in certain areas due to global warming.
Weber's new position was made possible with support from Bert Kerstetter, a 1966 Princeton alumnus.


text:
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text:
Web Stories
Two students named Goldwater Scholars
Posted April 5, 2013; 04:34 p.m.
Two Princeton students have been awarded Goldwater Scholarships, the premier award for outstanding undergraduates interested in careers in mathematics, the natural sciences and engineering.
The 2012-13 winners are juniors Eric Chen and Daniel Kriz, both mathematics majors. Chen is from Lawrenceville, Ga., and Kriz is from Ann Arbor, Mich.
One- and two-year Goldwater Scholarships cover tuition, fees, room and board up to a maximum of $7,500 per year. The Princeton recipients are among 271 scholarship winners selected from a field of 1,107 students nationwide.
The scholarship program honoring Sen. Barry Goldwater was created as part of the Goldwater Foundation, a federally endowed agency created by an act of Congress in 1986. Recent Goldwater Scholars have been awarded 80 Rhodes Scholarships, 118 Marshall Awards, 110 Churchill Scholarships and numerous other distinguished fellowships.


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Benin Population: 9,877,29257 VISITORS FROM HERE!
« Previous Country | Next Country » Back to Flag Counter Overview
|Present day Benin was the site of Dahomey, a West African kingdom that rose to prominence in about 1600 and over the next two and half centuries became a regional power, largely based on its slave trade. Coastal areas of Dahomey began to be controlled by the French in the second half of the 19th century; the entire kingdom was conquered by 1894. French Dahomey achieved independence in 1960; it changed its name to the Republic of Benin in 1975. A succession of military governments ended in 1972 with the rise to power of Mathieu KEREKOU and the establishment of a government based on Marxist-Leninist principles. A move to representative government began in 1989. Two years later, free elections ushered in former Prime Minister Nicephore SOGLO as president, marking the first successful transfer of power in Africa from a dictatorship to a democracy. KEREKOU was returned to power by elections held in 1996 and 2001, though some irregularities were alleged. KEREKOU stepped down at the end of his second term in 2006 and was succeeded by Thomas YAYI Boni, a political outsider and independent. YAYI, who won a second five-year term in March 2011, has attempted to stem corruption and has strongly promoted accelerating Benin's economic growth.
Sandbanks create difficult access to a coast with no natural harbors, river mouths, or islands
|Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Nigeria and Togo
|Geographic coordinates:
| total: 112,622 sq km
land: 110,622 sq km
water: 2,000 sq km
Size comparison: slightly smaller than Pennsylvania
|Land Boundaries:
| total: 1,989 km
border countries: Burkina Faso 306 km, Niger 266 km, Nigeria 773 km, Togo 644 km
|121 km
|Maritime claims:
|territorial sea: 200 nm
|tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
|mostly flat to undulating plain; some hills and low mountains
|Elevation extremes:
| lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Sokbaro 658 m
|Natural resources:
|small offshore oil deposits, limestone, marble, timber
|Land use:
| arable land: 22.48%
permanent crops: 2.61%
other: 74.9% (2011)
|Irrigated land:
|230.4 sq km (2008)
|Natural hazards:
|hot, dry, dusty harmattan wind may affect north from December to March
|Current Environment Issues:
|inadequate supplies of potable water; poaching threatens wildlife populations; deforestation; desertification
|International Environment Agreements:
| party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
|^Back to Top
| noun: Beninese (singular and plural)
adjective: Beninese
|Ethnic groups:
|Fon and related 39.2%, Adja and related 15.2%, Yoruba and related 12.3%, Bariba and related 9.2%, Peulh and related 7%, Ottamari and related 6.1%, Yoa-Lokpa and related 4%, Dendi and related 2.5%, other 1.6% (includes Europeans), unspecified 2.9% (2002 census)
|French (official), Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in south), tribal languages (at least six major ones in north)
|Catholic 27.1%, Muslim 24.4%, Vodoun 17.3%, Protestant 10.4% (Celestial 5%, Methodist 3.2%, other Protestant 2.2%), other Christian 5.3%, other 15.5% (2002 census)
|9,877,292 (July 2013 est.) note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected
|Age structure:
| 0-14 years: 44.1% (male 2,223,497/female 2,134,644)
15-24 years: 19.9% (male 1,001,845/female 967,664)
25-54 years: 29.7% (male 1,476,894/female 1,456,501)
55-64 years: 3.5% (male 143,594/female 200,424)
65 years and over: 2.8% (male 109,009/female 163,220) (2013 est.)
|Dependency ratios:
| total dependency ratio: 84 %
youth dependency ratio: 78.7 %
elderly dependency ratio: 5.3 %
potential support ratio: 18.8 (2013)
|Median age:
| total: 17.6 years
male: 17.2 years
female: 18 years (2013 est.)
|Population growth rate:
|2.84% (2013 est.)
|Birth rate:
|37.02 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
|Death rate:
|8.59 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
|Net migration rate:
|0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)
| urban population: 44.9% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 4.12% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
|Major urban areas - population:
|COTONOU (seat of government) 924,000; PORTO-NOVO (capital) 314,000 (2011)
|Sex ratio:
| at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.71 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female
total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
|Mother's mean age at first birth:
|20 (2006 est.)
|Maternal mortality rate:
|350 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
|Infant mortality rate:
| total: 58.54 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 61.76 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 55.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
|Life expectancy at birth:
| total population: 60.67 years
male: 59.37 years
female: 62.04 years (2013 est.)
|Total fertility rate:
|5.13 children born/woman (2013 est.)
|Contraceptive prevalence rate:
|12.9% (2012)
|Health expenditures:
|4.1% of GDP (2010)
|Physicians density:
|0.06 physicians/1,000 population (2008)
|Hospital bed density:
|0.5 beds/1,000 population (2010)
|Drinking water source:
| improved:
urban: 84% of population
rural: 68% of population
total: 75% of population
urban: 16% of population
rural: 32% of population
total: 25% of population (2010 est.)
|Sanitation facility access:
| improved:
urban: 25% of population
rural: 5% of population
total: 13% of population
urban: 75% of population
rural: 95% of population
total: 87% of population (2010 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
|1.2% (2009 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
|60,000 (2009 est.)
|HIV/AIDS - deaths:
|2,700 (2009 est.)
|Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
|6% (2008)
|Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
|20.2% (2006)
|Education expenditures:
|5.4% of GDP (2010)
| definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 42.4%
male: 55.2%
female: 30.3% (2010 census)
|School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
| total: 9 years
male: 11 years
female: 8 years (2005)
|Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
| total: 0.8%
male: 1.1%
female: 0.6% (2002)
|^Back to Top
|Country name:
| conventional long form: Republic of Benin
conventional short form: Benin
local long form: Republique du Benin
local short form: Benin
former: Dahomey
|Government type:
| name: Porto-Novo (official capital)
geographic coordinates: 6 29 N, 2 37 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
note: Cotonou (seat of government)
|Administrative divisions:
|12 departments; Alibori, Atakora, Atlantique, Borgou, Collines, Kouffo, Donga, Littoral, Mono, Oueme, Plateau, Zou
|1 August 1960 (from France)
|National holiday:
|National Day, 1 August (1960)
|adopted by referendum 2 December 1990
|Legal system:
|civil law system modeled largely on the French system and some customary law
|18 years of age; universal
|Executive branch:
| chief of state: President Thomas BONI YAYI (since 6 April 2006); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Thomas BONI YAYI (since 6 April 2006); Prime Minister Pascal KOUPAKI (since 28 May 2011)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president (For more information visit the World Leaders website )
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); last held on 13 March 2011 (next to be held in March 2016)
election results: Thomas YAYI Boni re-elected president; percent of vote - Thomas YAYI Boni 53.1%, Adrien HOUNGBEDJI 35.6%, Abdoulaye Bio TCHANE 6.1%, other 5.2%
|Legislative branch:
| unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (83 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 30 April 2011 (next to be held in 2015)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FCBE 41, UN 30, other 12
|Judicial branch:
| highest court(s): Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of the court president and 3 chamber presidents organized into an administrative division, judicial chamber, and chamber of accounts) Constitutional Court or Cour Constitutionnelle (consists of 7 members including the court president); High Court of Justice (consists of the Constitutional Court members, 6 members appointed by the National Assembly, and the Supreme Court president) note - jurisdiction of the High Court of Justice is to limited cases of high treason by the national president or members of the government judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president and judges appointed by the national president upon the advice of the National Assembly; judges appointed for single renewable 5-year terms; Constitutional Court members - 4 appointed by the National Assembly and 3 by the national president; members appointed for single renewable 5-year terms; High Court of Justice "other" members elected by the National Assembly; member tenure NA
subordinate courts: Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; district courts; village courts; Assize courts
|Political parties and leaders:
|African Movement for Democracy and Progress or MADEP [Sefou FAGBOHOUN]; Alliance for Dynamic Democracy or ADD; Alliance of Progress Forces or AFP; Benin Renaissance or RB [Rosine SOGLO]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Adrien HOUNGBEDJI]; Force Cowrie for an Emerging Benin or FCBE; Impulse for Progress and Democracy or IPD [Theophile NATA]; Key Force or FC [Lazare SÈHOUÉTO]; Movement for the People's Alternative or MAP [Olivier CAPO-CHICHI]; Rally for Democracy and Progress or PRD [Dominique HOUNGNINOU]; Social Democrat Party or PSD [Bruno AMOUSSOU]; Union for Democracy and National Solidarity or UDS [Sacca LAFIA]; Union for the Relief or UPR [Issa SALIFOU]; Union Makes the Nation or UN note: approximately 20 additional minor parties
|Political pressure groups and leaders:
|other: economic groups; environmentalists; political groups; teachers' unions and other educational groups
|International organization participation:
|ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|National symbol(s):
|National anthem:
| name: "L'Aube Nouvelle" (The Dawn of a New Day)
lyrics/music: Gilbert Jean DAGNON
note: adopted 1960
|Diplomatic representation in the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador Cyrille Segbe OGUIN
chancery: 2124 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 232-6656
|Diplomatic representation from the US:
| chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Susan TULLER
embassy: Rue Caporal Bernard Anani, Cotonou
mailing address: 01 B. P. 2012, Cotonou
telephone: [229] 21-30-06-50
|^Back to Top
The economy of Benin remains underdeveloped and dependent on subsistence agriculture, cotton production, and regional trade. Growth in real output had averaged almost 4% before the global recession and it has returned to roughly that level in 2011-12. Inflation has subsided over the past several years. In order to raise growth, Benin plans to attract more foreign investment, place more emphasis on tourism, facilitate the development of new food processing systems and agricultural products, and encourage new information and communication technology. Specific projects to improve the business climate by reforms to the land tenure system, the commercial justice system, and the financial sector were included in Benin's $307 million Millennium Challenge Account grant signed in February 2006. The 2001 privatization policy continues in telecommunications, water, electricity, and agriculture. The Paris Club and bilateral creditors have eased the external debt situation with Benin benefiting from a G-8 debt reduction announced in July 2005, while pressing for more rapid structural reforms. An insufficient electrical supply continues to adversely affect Benin's economic growth though the government recently has taken steps to increase domestic power production. Private foreign direct investment is small, and foreign aid accounts for the majority of investment in infrastructure projects. Cotton, a key export, suffered from flooding in 2010-11, but high prices supported export earnings. The government agreed to a 25% increase in civil servant salaries in 2011, following a series of strikes, increasing pressure on the national budget. Benin has appealed for international assistance to mitigate piracy against commercial shipping in its territory.
|GDP (purchasing power parity):
| GDP (purchasing power parity): $15.84 billion (2012 est.) $15.26 billion (2011 est.) $14.74 billion (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
|GDP (official exchange rate):
|GDP (official exchange rate): $7.429 billion (2012 est.)
|GDP - real growth rate:
|3.8% (2012 est.) 3.5% (2011 est.) 2.6% (2010 est.)
|GDP - per capita (PPP):
| GDP - per capita (PPP): $1,700 (2012 est.) $1,700 (2011 est.) $1,700 (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
|Gross national saving:
|13.9% of GDP (2012 est.) 12.9% of GDP (2011 est.) 13.3% of GDP (2010 est.)
|GDP - composition, by end use:
| household consumption: 79.9%
government consumption: 10.5%
investment in fixed capital: 22.6%
investment in inventories: 0.6%
exports of goods and services: 19.4%
imports of goods and services: -33% (2012 est.)
|GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
| household consumption: 79.9%
government consumption: 10.5%
investment in fixed capital: 22.6%
investment in inventories: 0.6%
exports of goods and services: 19.4%
imports of goods and services: -33% (2012 est.)
|Agriculture - products:
|cotton, corn, cassava (manioc), yams, beans, palm oil, peanuts, cashews; livestock
|textiles, food processing, construction materials, cement
|Industrial production growth rate:
|3.3% (2012 est.)
|Labor force:
|3.662 million (2007 est.)
|Unemployment rate:
|Population below poverty line:
|37.4% (2007 est.)
|Household income or consumption by percentage share:
| lowest 10%: 3.1%
highest 10%: 29% (2003)
|Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|36.5 (2003)
| revenues: $1.407 billion
expenditures: $1.671 billion (2012 est.)
|Taxes and other revenues:
|18.9% of GDP (2012 est.)
|Public debt:
|28.2% of GDP (2012 est.) 29.5% of GDP (2011 est.)
|Fiscal year:
|calendar year
|Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|Inflation rate (consumer prices): 6.8% (2012 est.) 2.7% (2011 est.)
|Current account balance:
|-$625.3 million (2012 est.) -$699.9 million (2011 est.)
|$1.55 billion (2012 est.) $1.593 billion (2011 est.)
|Exports - commodities:
|cotton, cashews, shea butter, textiles, palm products, seafood
|Exports - partners:
|China 25.4%, India 24.6%, Lebanon 15.6%, Niger 4.8%, Nigeria 4.2% (2012)
|$2.152 billion (2012 est.) $2.188 billion (2011 est.)
|Imports - commodities:
|foodstuffs, capital goods, petroleum products
|Imports - partners:
|China 37.2%, US 8.9%, India 6.7%, France 5.6%, Malaysia 5.3% (2012)
|Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
|$859.4 million (31 December 2012 est.) $887.4 million (31 December 2011 est.)
|Debt - external:
|$1.403 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $1.327 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
|Market value of publicly traded shares:
|Exchange rates:
|Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 510.53 (2012 est.) 471.87 (2011 est.) 495.28 (2010 est.) 472.19 (2009) 447.81 (2008)
|^Back to Top
|Electricity - production:
|120 million kWh (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 192
|Electricity - consumption:
|778 million kWh (2009 est.)
|Electricity - exports:
|0 kWh (2010 est.)
|Electricity - imports:
|866 million kWh (2009 est.)
|Electricity - installed generating capacity:
|60,000 kW (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from fossil fuels:
|98.3% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
|0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
|1.7% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Electricity - from other renewable sources:
|0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - production:
|0 bbl/day (2011 est.)
|Crude oil - exports:
|0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - imports:
|0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|Crude oil - proved reserves:
|8 million bbl (1 January 2012 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - production:
|0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - consumption:
|29,170 bbl/day (2011 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - exports:
|11,410 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|Refined petroleum products - imports:
|35,140 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|Natural gas - production:
|0 cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - consumption:
|0 cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - exports:
|0 cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - imports:
|0 cu m (2010 est.)
|Natural gas - proved reserves:
|1.133 billion cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
|Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
|3.65 million Mt (2010 est.)
|^Back to Top
|Telephones in use:
| 152,700 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 133
|Cellular Phones in use:
|7.765 million (2011)
|Telephone system:
| general assessment: inadequate system of open-wire, microwave radio relay, and cellular connections; fixed-line network characterized by aging, deteriorating equipment
domestic: fixed-line teledensity only about 2 per 100 persons; spurred by the presence of multiple mobile-cellular providers, cellular telephone subscribership has been increasing rapidly
international: country code - 229; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; long distance fiber-optic links with Togo, Burkina Faso, Niger, and Nigeria; satellite earth stations - 7 (Intelsat-Atlantic Ocean) (2008)
|Broadcast media:
|state-run Office de Radiodiffusion et de Television du Benin (ORTB) operates a TV station with multiple channels giving it a wide broadcast reach; several privately owned TV stations broadcast from Cotonou; satellite TV subscription service is available; state-owned radio, under ORTB control, includes a national station supplemented by a number of regional stations; substantial number of privately owned radio broadcast stations; transmissions of a few international broadcasters are available on FM in Cotonou (2007)
|Internet country code:
|Internet hosts:
|491 (2012)
|Internet users:
|200,100 (2009)
|^Back to Top
| 6 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 171
|Airports (paved runways):
| total 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2013)
|Airports (unpaved runways):
| total 5
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2013)
| total 438 km
narrow gauge: 438 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)
| total 16,000 km
paved: 1,400 km
unpaved: 14,600 km (2006)
|150 km (seasonal navigation on River Niger along northern border) (2011)
|Ports and terminals:
|major seaport(s): Cotonou
|^Back to Top
|Military branches:
|Benin Armed Forces (Forces Armees Beninoises, FAB): Army (l'Arme de Terre), Benin Navy (Forces Navales Beninois, FNB), Benin Air Force (Force Aerienne du Benin, FAB) (2013)
|Military service age and obligation:
|18-35 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; a higher education diploma is required; both sexes are eligible for military service; conscript tour of duty - 18 months (2013)
|Manpower available for military service:
| males age 16-49: 2,095,373
females age 16-49: 2,038,351 (2010 est.)
|Manpower fit for military service:
| males age 16-49: 1,385,065
females age 16-49: 1,400,045 (2010 est.)
|Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
| male: 108,496
female: 104,526 (2010 est.)
|Military expenditures:
|1.5% of GDP (2011)
|^Back to Top
|Transnational Issues
|Disputes - International:
|talks continue between Benin and Togo on funding the Adjrala hydroelectric dam on the Mona River; Benin retains a border dispute with Burkina Faso around the town of Koualou; location of Benin-Niger-Nigeria tripoint is unresolved
|Illicit drugs:
|transshipment point used by traffickers for cocaine destined for Western Europe; vulnerable to money laundering due to poorly enforced financial regulations (2008)
|^Back to Top
« Previous Country | Next Country » Back to Flag Counter Overview
Source: CIA - The World Factbook


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As some of you may know, but now you all will… My oldest son, John, the Eagle Scout made a huge decision recently to put college on hold and follow in his Dad's footsteps and join the Army. Not just join the Army, but do exactly what I did in the Army. Airborne Ranger.
While I am proud of him and excited for the adventures that await him, and know that there will be many. My heart, like that of any father wants him to be safe. I have served my time in combat and know what it is like. And as much as I loved my time in the Army and know that he will do well, I don't want him to get hurt.
Having said that, it causes me to reflect on Baden Powell's intent for Scouting. A World organization for peace. It is with that thought that this morning I stumbled on the BSA's "Messenger for Peace" Site and thought to myself.. if only this works. My son (and your son's and daughters) would not have to go to war.
I am on board with this. Check it out and see what you can do to be a messenger of peace.
From the BSA Website:
Fellow Scouters,
In 1920, just two years after the most terrible war the world had ever known, 8,000 Scouts from 34 countries came together for the first world jamboree. At the closing ceremony, Scouting founder Robert Baden-Powell called on participants to carry the spirit of the jamboree home "so that we may help to develop peace and happiness in the world and goodwill among all Scouts."
The Scouts of the world have been answering that call for more than 90 years.Today, Scouts in dozens of countries are working for peace by solving conflicts in their schools, building links between divided communities, teaching their peers about health and wellness, and repairing environmental damage. To recognize their efforts—and to inspire more young men and women to help Scouting create a better world—the World Scout Committee has launched the Messengers of Peace initiative. The Boy Scouts of America is proud to join this effort in 2012.
How can BSA units participate? All they have to do is go online and register the MOP-related community service projects (including Eagle Scout projects) they undertake. Doing so adds pins to a global Messengers of Peace map, which Scouts from around the world can click on to learn how their fellow Scouts are making a difference.
Scouts who complete MOP projects will be eligible for a special recognition: a ring patch that goes around the World Crest. That patch will symbolize their participation in an ever-widening circle of Scouts who are not just visualizing world peace but are helping to make it a reality.
The Scouts of the world have always been a powerful force for good. This initiative lets us celebrate what our Scouts have already accomplished and inspire them to accomplish even more. Please join us as we work together to create a better world.
There is a cool recognition for this program also. You can read more about it on the Byan on Scouting Blog.
Have a Great Scouting Day!


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PHA is hosting our monthly Generation Hope (Young Adult) Meet-Ups. We are happy to provide a space where young adults living with PH can support each other, develop friendships, share thoughts and ideas, obtain information from each other and learn coping skills in a non-judgemental and caring atmosphere.
Calls will last one-hour and are faciliated by other young adults living with PH.**To participate, you will need to dial-in. You may also be able to participate in the video-conference if you have a smart phone or web-cam.**
*Required fields
For optimal viewing of PHAssociation.org, please use a standards-compliant browser such as Google Chrome or Firefox.
The information provided on the PHA website is provided for general information only. It is not intended as legal, medical or other professional advice, and should not be relied upon as a substitute for consultations with qualified professionals who are familiar with your individual needs. PHA does not endorse or recommend any commercial products or services.
801 Roeder Road, Ste. 1000, Silver Spring, MD 20910 Patient-to-Patient Support Line: firstname.lastname@example.com Privacy Policy Terms of Use Provide Feedback & Report Bugs
Designed by Matrix Group International, Inc.® | © 2017 Pulmonary Hypertension Association. All Rights Reserved.
The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) awarded PHA the Abbey S. Meyers Leadership Award in 2012 for outstanding service to PHA members in advocacy, education and other key areas.


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You're an active contributor to the workforce…and you have just been diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension. You have spoken about your diagnosis with friends and family, begun your treatment and have started to adjust to a different lifestyle. At this point, you may be wondering whether you will be able to return to work.
While many patients may find it impossible to continue working full-time, or in the line of work in which they are trained, there are resources and options available to all patients who want to maintain active, productive lifestyles – regardless of physical ability. Talk to your PH specialist and consult these resources to help you navigate the decision.
Even on the days when you're feeling your best, PH can take a toll on your endurance and activity level. PH patients – regardless of the severity of their illness – have strong legislative advocates in the workplace, and plenty of resources to help stay on top of employment issues. Read on to learn more about employment-related disability legislation and the resources available to help you make the most of these laws.
The ADA states that employers may not ask job applicants about the existence, nature or severity of a disability. This includes questions about your family's health or any past illnesses or surgical procedures you have undergone.
Employers may ask you whether you are able to perform the essential functions of a job, but must make reasonable accommodations to allow you to perform your job as necessary (such as providing a refrigerator or freezer for your medications if necessary).
Learn more about how the ADA can be used to your advantage (PDF)
Complaints against employers who may have violated provisions of this Act (i.e. discrimination against disabled job-seekers) may be filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
You can also visit our Insurance section to learn more about work-related issues such as applying for Social Security disability status, or for information and resources on dealing with unemployment and financial assistance.
As treatments improve, more PH patients are able to work. The Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Act of 1999 pays benefit planners (who work for nonprofit groups or state agencies) to advise persons who currently receive Social Security disability benefits, but who want to return to work.
The planners will explain SSA's work incentives, how going back to work will affect your benefits, and what vocational and rehabilitation and other support might be available.
Here are some additional tips and information on more helpful work-related legislation from working PH patients, including some that have been excerpted from the Patient's Survival Guide .
Connect and share your experiences with PH with people around the world. Connect online or with a support group near you.
Connect with other PHers
In this recording, Sally Maddox, Leslie Polss and Joanne Sperando-Schmidt share their tactics for managing a job and PH.
Watch event recording
Talk to a patient right now! Call the toll-free Patient-to-Patient Support Line:1-800-748-7274 (no late-night calls please)
Learn more
Looking for more information? Pulmonary Hypertension: A Patient's Survival Guide is the most comprehensive patient resource on pulmonary hypertension. Learn more & order your guide today!
For optimal viewing of PHAssociation.org, please use a standards-compliant browser such as Google Chrome or Firefox.
The information provided on the PHA website is provided for general information only. It is not intended as legal, medical or other professional advice, and should not be relied upon as a substitute for consultations with qualified professionals who are familiar with your individual needs. PHA does not endorse or recommend any commercial products or services.
801 Roeder Road, Ste. 1000, Silver Spring, MD 20910 Patient-to-Patient Support Line: email@example.com Privacy Policy Terms of Use Provide Feedback & Report Bugs
Designed by Matrix Group International, Inc.® | © 2017 Pulmonary Hypertension Association. All Rights Reserved.
The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) awarded PHA the Abbey S. Meyers Leadership Award in 2012 for outstanding service to PHA members in advocacy, education and other key areas.


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Princeton President Shirley M. Tilghman welcomes participants to the first annual Princeton-Fung Global Forum in Shanghai on Jan. 30, 2013.
Gyan Prakash, the Dayton-Stockton Professor of History at Princeton, asks a question from the floor during one of the Princeton-Fung Global Forum sessions.
Photos and video by the Office of Communications
Web Stories
Princeton-Fung Global Forum sparks international focus on 'The Future of the City'
Posted February 11, 2013; 12:00 p.m.
In the bustling megacity of Shanghai, architects, engineers, urbanists and other scholars gathered recently for the inaugural Princeton-Fung Global Forum to discuss population growth, social trends, climate change and other factors determining "The Future of the City."
Nineteen Princeton faculty members from various fields joined professors and policymakers from other institutions around the globe to share their research, identify challenges that cities face and begin a dialogue to find solutions.
"It's really intended to spark conversations," President Shirley M. Tilghman said in convening the three-day forum Jan. 30. "We hope that this will be the beginning of a wonderful series of conversations in which Princeton engages with some of the most important questions facing our world."
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With a population of 23 million people and the largest city in China, Shanghai was an apt location. The conference was held at the Hongta Hotel in the Pudong district, which a mere two decades ago was mostly farmland. Today, Pudong and all of Shanghai project a jagged profile of skyscrapers and cranes erecting even more towers and high-rise housing.
"By all accounts, China is urbanizing at the rate of about 14 million people a year," in essence creating a new Tokyo annually, said Princeton Trustee William Fung, Class of 1970. Fung is chairman of the Hong Kong-based Li & Fung group of export and retailing companies. His $10 million gift to Princeton last year established the forum and the Fung Global Fellows Program.
Speakers at the forum represented universities, governments and organizations from Asia, Europe and North America. The world's urbanization was a recurring theme.
Juan Du of Hong Kong University gestures while speaking during the Princeton-Fung Global Forum. She was joined by (left to right) Jiang Wu, vice president of Tongji University, Shanghai; Ananya Roy, University of California-Berkeley; Alison Isenberg, professor of history and co-director of Princeton's Program in Urban Studies; and Christine Boyer, the William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Architecture and co-director of Princeton's Program in Urban Studies. (Photo by the Office of Communications)
"Gandhi was wrong about the future of India being decided by its villages, not cities," said Edward Glaeser, Class of 1988, a professor of economics at Harvard University. He said cities have always drawn people away from rural areas because they offer pathways out of poverty. "At the start of the 21st century, instead of spreading out, we're clustering in," Glaeser said, noting a paradox that even as technology and social media allow people to communicate over long distances, they still congregate in urban areas.
Daniel Bell, professor of arts and humanities at Jiaotong University in Shanghai and a professor of ethics and political philosophy at Tsinghua University in Beijing, said citizens often identify more with their city than their country. "The need for community is as profound as the need for freedom," he said.
Princeton Provost Christopher Eisgruber and Guy Nordenson, a structural engineer and Princeton professor of architecture, review a map showing China's Yangtze River Delta at the "Resilient Cities" exhibition during the Princeton-Fung Global Forum. (Photo by Dan Day)
The clustering of millions of people in cities doesn't come without problems.
"What is the creature we've unleashed here?" asked Max Page, a professor of architecture and history at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, on a panel about megacities — those with a population of 10 million or more. "They have created more slums at a greater pace than they've created prosperity."
Ye Qi, a professor of environmental policy at the Tsinghua University School of Public Policy and Management in Beijing, said Chinese citizens can own homes and cars. But they must breathe bad air and deal with choking traffic. "The cities bring us the freedom but at the same time we're suffering from a lack of freedom," he said.
Forum participants got an up-close view of Shanghai traffic, taking a bus tour into the historic center of town while smog obscured the tops of some of the city's tallest buildings.
Alejandro Zaera-Polo, dean of Princeton's School of Architecture, makes a point during the forum's welcoming conversation with Tilghman, who moderated the session, and (at left) Rupali Gupte, an architect and urbanist from Mumbai, India. (Photo by the Office of Communications)
Denise Mauzerall, a professor of civil and environmental engineering and public and international affairs in Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, showed slides of her research on the deteriorating air in China. The foul air causes many health problems, and acid rain is so severe, she said, that "the features of the monuments are melting away" at Chinese historic sites.
The balance and interrelation of the world's ecosystems, particularly air and oceans, were frequently addressed during forum sessions.
Tilghman and William Fung (center), Class of 1970, chat with Yi Wang, Class of 2009, during the Princeton-Fung Global Forum in Shanghai. Fung's $10 million gift to the University in 2012 made possible the forum as well as the Fung Global Fellows Program. (Photo by the Office of Communications)
Michael Oppenheimer, the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Geosciences and International Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School, cited the damage Hurricane Sandy did in New York City as a call to action over climate change. "We clearly need better models and measurement" to forecast the effects of shrinking ice masses and the subsequent rise in sea levels threatening coastal settlements around the world, he said. Calling for smarter public policy and urban design, he said: "We've got to do better. And if we don't do better, it's going to be a nasty world we live in."
Michael Oppenheimer, the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Geosciences and International Affairs at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, presents some of his research on climate change. (Photo by the Office of Communications)
François Gemenne, a research fellow at the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations in Paris, said cities will need to adapt to the environmental and demographic challenges of the coming decades. "There are too many people living in regions that are way too exposed to climate change," Gemenne said, predicting that people from low-lying areas will flee to other locales as the waters rise.
Speakers offered potential solutions, too. Mauzerall pointed to successes in reducing air pollution in North America and Europe. Guy Nordenson, a structural engineer and Princeton professor of architecture, showed proposals developed and tested at Princeton for the design and conservation of natural storm surge protection for the New York harbor, Mississippi Delta and Yangtze River Delta.
Several research projects — on flood management, urban architecture, civil engineering and other topics — were featured in an exhibition on "The Resilient City" set up for the forum. The exhibition, showcasing research by Princeton faculty, students, graduate students and others, was to be moved to Tongji University in Shanghai for further display.
Stephany Xu, Class of 2012, presents a fan to Tilghman as David Wu, Class of 1979, looks on. (Photo the Office of Communications)
Also on the Fung Forum program was a discussion on cities in cinema, featuring American filmmaker Andrew Jarecki, Class of 1985, and Indian filmmaker Anurag Kashyap. Prompted by Gyan Prakash, the Dayton-Stockton Professor of History at Princeton, they discussed how cities play a significant role as settings in the movies they've made.
Plans for the 2014 Princeton-Fung Global Forum, to be held in Paris, are in the making under the direction of Jeremy Adelman, director of the Council for International Teaching and Research. Adelman, who is also a professor of history and the Walter Samuel Carpenter III Professor in Spanish Civilization and Culture, was the lead organizer for the Shanghai forum.
Alison Isenberg, professor of history and co-director of Princeton's Program in Urban Studies, speaks during the "Planning and Equity" session during the Princeton-Fung Global Forum. (Photo by the Office of Communications)
While Tilghman moderated the forum's opening session, Provost Christopher Eisgruber was the discussion leader for the final session, "Urban Challenges for the 21st Century."
"We are grateful to William Fung for making possible a conference that launched conversations across fields and across oceans," Eisgruber said. "The world's most pressing problems, including problems about the future of cities, are international and interdisciplinary in character. Princeton is well positioned to contribute to the solution of those problems, but we will have to forge new partnerships and collaborations in order to be maximally effective.
"Many of the Princeton faculty attending the conference mentioned to me that the conference put them in contact with new colleagues or stimulated them to think about issues and places that were not previously a focus of their research," Eisgruber said. "That is a major part of what we were trying to achieve. Jeremy Adelman's leadership was crucial to that good result, as were William Fung's vision and support."
More videos from sessions at the Shanghai forum will be made available on the Fung Forum website.
The Oriental Pearl Radio and TV Tower, the signature building of the Shanghai skyline, pokes into the fog on Feb. 1, 2013. Scholars attending the Princeton-Fung Global Forum got a view of the tower during a tour of the city. (Photo by Dan Day)
Attendees at the Princeton-Fung Global Forum had this view of classic buildings along the Bund, Shanghai's fabled district along the Huangpu River, during a tour Feb. 1, 2013. (Photo by Dan Day)


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Web Stories
Video: Artistry in Motion
Posted February 25, 2010; 05:35 p.m.
Capping off Black History Month this February are highlights from a showcase by students, faculty and alumni as part of the Coming Back & Moving Forward conference. Read more.
Video Closed Captions
High Steppers:
Intro. You think, "High Steppers, what?"
Allen Kent Williams II:
When evil was enacted, hope, all I ever had to counteract. So, I'm saying, "Hope, give it here, give me that."
Philicia Saunders:
The black youth in Crown Heights have two things they can do. He either D.J., or he be a bad boy.
(a cappella singing)


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Web Stories
'Frogs + Forms'
Posted April 12, 2012; 12:00 p.m.
Jaewon Choi created a large-scale painting for her visual arts senior thesis show. Meanwhile, her physics thesis explores light emitted at the beginning of the universe. Read more.
Video Closed Captions
JAEWON: I'm Jaewon.
I'm a physics major, and I'm
doing a certificate in visual
arts, and my show, entitled
"Frogs and Forms," is
opening next week.
I'm constantly back and forth
from sort of freaking out and
feeling really excited
about it.
But at the same time, I'm trying
to remind myself how
happy I am to be
able to paint.
This painting that I'm working
on right now is the biggest
painting that I've
made so far.
EVE ASCHHEIM: It's a very
ambitious show.
The paintings are not only
large, but they're challenging
in terms of the subject
I think her work deals with
sexuality and its different
forms. For example, aggression,
voyeurism, exhibitionism,
the uncomfortableness.
Her paintings are
confrontational, they're
arresting, but they're also
personal and intimate.
You have the feeling the
figures are inhabited.
They're not merely objects
that are sort of for the
viewer's consumption,
but they have some
of their own volition.
I think it's a really
interesting moment where young
women can determine how
they want images of
themselves to appear.
LYMAN PAGE: So we just heard the
critique of Jaewon's work.
People say what they want to
say, and their impressions,
and their thoughts, and their
critiques are all over the
place, and emphasizing
different things.
Whereas in Physics,
it's much more--
is it correct or is
it incorrect?
JAEWON: I absolutely love
studying physics at Princeton.
It is not any less beautiful
than art.
LYMAN PAGE: Her thesis is about
the light that's left
over from the birth
of the universe.
Actually, the light she's
studying for the Physics side
of her thesis, we can't
see with our eyes.
By far the most rewarding thing
is working individually
with students.
It's just fun, because students
are so open, and do
everything, and can
do anything.
EVE ASCHHEIM: Being a young
person and discovering
something for the first time,
and being able to make
something that's never been
made before, is a very
exciting moment.
It's exciting to
be part of it.
It is one of the joys
of my life.


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Manufacturer: Rosewill 1 Results
Rosewill RHTS-12004 3.5mm Golden-Plated Connector High Fidelity Passive Noise Isolating Rosewood Earbuds
" These were free on Cyber-Monday; thank you to the Deals thread! If you got these on the deal or not, let us know over here --> http://www.head-fi.org/t/639086/rosewill-rhts-12004-quite-shocked-at-the-quality#post_8942097 These Rosewood RHTS-12004 woodies are really a nice surprise. They definitely have the..." --iPhone IEM


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We suggest following the Co-Working Spaces in Leuven:See all Workspaces in Leuven
Co-Working Spaces in Leuven
Looking for a Co-Working Space in Leuven? Deskbookers can help you locate it. Do you like working in an environment with other professionals? Maybe you'd like an opportunity to build a network? Then a Co-Working Space is for you. Find a space near the best lunch spots in Leuven, or close to the parks in Leuven so you can clear your head when things get too chaotic. At Deskbookers we want to help you find the perfect co-working environment that suits your needs.
If you find a venue that you're interested in, check it's availability first. Then check the additional products that come with the venue. Things like projectors, whiteboards or flipcharts can be found. You will also be able to see the facilities available with the venue, restaurants, security, tea and coffee and so on. You'll also see what type of internet connection is available. Remember that it's possible reserve spaces in blocks, or just for an hour if you need it. Remember that you can cancel or amend the booking at any point up until 24 hours before the booking begins (unless you've ordered catering, in which case it's 48 hours).See all Co-Working Spaces in Leuven
Contact Deskbookers
Hello, I am Rens from Deskbookers.
I am here to help you find the right work or meeting space. Please feel free to send me an email or call email@example.com
+31 88 1650 400


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Router Bits
Here are some key terms you'll want to know in selecting the right router bit for your project.
Profile: The shape of the bit's edge and the contour of the resulting cut. Common profiles include:
- Straight bits make straight cuts such as dadoes and grooves.
- Rabbeting bits cut a notch along the edge of a workpiece.
- Flush-trim bits trim the edge of one workpiece to match the edge of another.
- Chamfer bits cut a bevel on the edge of a workpiece. Round-over bits soften the edge of a workpiece. They come in different radiuses.
- Beading bits cut a rounded decorative edge.
- Molding bits combine edge-forming profiles into one bit.
- Specialty bits – such as dovetail, stile-and-rail, and panel-raising bits – are used to do specific tasks.
Shank: The part of the bit that is secured in the router. The two most common shank sizes are 1/4" and 1/2".
Pilot bearing: On some router bits, the free-rotating metal wheel above or below the cutter that runs along the workpiece edge, acting as a guide.
HSS: High-speed steel.
Carbide: Material often used to make cutting tips on router bits. It's harder than steel and holds an edge longer.


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Main Content
This item ships within one business day.
$4.99 flat rate shipping and handling. See other shipping options.
Keep it classy, but tell 'em you're ready to party when necessary with the Everyday backpack from Electric. It features a laptop pocket in the main compartment, plus two extra pockets on the front and a sewn-on Electric patch.
- 100% Polyester fabric
- Measures approximately 11" x 18.5" x 5.5"
- Quality embroidery
- Large main compartment with zippered closure
- Custom retro fabric
- Interior pocket with hook and loop closure
- Carry handle on top
- Imported
- Interior padded laptop sleeve
- Padded carry straps
- Two small front pockets with zippered closure
- Imported
- Brand: Electric
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Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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Perhaps the most perversely elite club in American literature consists of the great novels that didn't win the Pulitzer Prize for fiction. Among the members: Main Street, The Great Gatsby and For Whom the Bell Tolls. A list of other losers and the books that defeated them appears here. The winners of the 2011 Pulitzers will be announced today at 3 p.m. Eastern Time. Using the statistical technique of regression analysis, a research scientist and book collector have predicted that Jennifer Egan's A Visit From the Goon Squad will win the fiction prize, finishing just ahead of Jonathan Franzen's Freedom and Jaimy Gordon's Lord of Misrule. A list of their 16 books most likely to receive the award appears at PPrize.com.
April 18, 2011
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Main Content
This item ships within one business day.
$4.99 flat rate shipping and handling. See other shipping options.
Paniolo means Hawaiian Cowboy in the native land, so add some western spunk to your beachy style with these darling sandals from OluKai! They feature beautiful stitching all over the footbed, slim straps and a metal logo rivet on the toe post. So bare your gams, slip on these beauties and go in search of your own rugged cowboy.
- Comfortable, hand-sewn whip-stitched toe post
- Soft full grain antiqued leather straps with synthetic pigskin lining
- Full grain leather footbed & leather binding edge
- Outsole infused with natural burlap fibers
- Cast metal OluKai logo
- Double row saddle-inspired microstitching
- Non-marking gum rubber outsole with fish scale texture
- Compression-molded EVA midsole with anatomical arch support
- Made in the USA
- Brand: OluKai
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Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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Welcome to KeeneNH.com
Keene is an interesting community: It's rural and folksy in some ways, but it's worldly as well. Consider these points:
On the International front, some local employers do huge amounts of their business abroad, and from time to time they bring their foreign contacts to Keene. It's not all that unusual to hear a foreign language being spoken at a local restaurant. And it's not out of the question to get a job at one of these firms and wind up with an expense account that deals with euro dollars or yen.
Keene is an old community that is rich with history, as many New England towns and cities are. The people around here guard and enrich their heritages for the interested public, and not just for scholars and researchers. There are several centers of local history in Keene, the most prominent of which is the Historical Society of Cheshire County, right across Main Street from Keene State.
There are a vast number of employment opportunities in Keene. The official Keene labor-market area, covering southwestern New Hampshire, has a civilian labor force of about 44,000. At the start of the century, Keene produced automobiles. Its factories have also made chairs, hats, shoes, woolen blankets and countless other products. Today, there's no single dominant employer. The area hosts a wide variety of high-tech manufacturing in the medical field, ball bearings, machine tools and printing technology, among other industries.
There are many places in Keene where you can go to soak up some culture. The KSC Redfern Arts Center on Brickyard Pond is one of several centers for the performing arts. A film society also screens movies there in an unusually sophisticated theater that can show 70mm films. The nonprofit Colonial Theatre on Main Street offers movies, concerts and shows. Singers and musicians perform at a number of other places in and around Keene; the newspaper carries the listings regularly. Every Thursday, The Sentinel's Spotlight section offers the most comprehensive entertainment calendar in these parts.
If it's sports that you're interested in, Keene offers a wide variety of choices. Keene State offers athletic spectacles and opportunities for most who are interested, and hosts several N.H. Phantoms soccer games every season. There are also sports off campus. Keene is a center for men's and women's softball leagues, and Keene High and Monadnock Regional High School in nearby Swanzey field full sports programs. In the summer, the Keene Swamp Bats play in the New England Collegiate Baseball League; winning the 2002 NECBL Northern Division Championship, in front of crowds averaging 1,500 a night. More than 5,000 saw Hall-of-Famer Carlton Fisk throw out the first ball at the league all-star game, held at Keene High School's Alumni Field. The Sentinel runs a daily schedule for local, regional and professional sports. In addition to spectator sports, the Monadnock Region is a haven for participant sports, particularly the outdoor variety -- swimming, hiking, skiing, skating, you name it.


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Important note on attendance for people with CF and their families:
The health and well-being of people with cystic fibrosis is our top priority. Medical evidence shows that certain bacteria can be passed between individuals who have CF and can lead to worse symptoms and speed decline in lung function. To limit the serious risk of cross-infection between people with CF, only one person with CF may be invited to attend the indoor portion of each CF Foundation-sponsored event. For the outdoor portion of the event, people with CF should maintain a distance of at least 6 feet from each other.
Please note: People with CF and their families should be aware that individuals with CF might choose to attend Foundation events or meetings without notifying event organizers. We strongly discourage this; however, we cannot guarantee that only one person with CF will be present at any indoor Foundation event. For more information, please call your local chapter.
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation: About The Foundation | About Cystic Fibrosis
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Global utilities:
Audience menu for:
Section: Continuing Education
Continuing Education menu:
Whether you are updating your skills, discovering a new talent, or charting a career path, take a moment and view Harford's many exciting healthcare career opportunities.
Harford Community College, as a member of the Maryland Association of Community Colleges (MACC), is partnering with the State Administration on Skills2Compete-Maryland, a major initiative aimed at increasing the skills and competitiveness of Maryland's workforce. By preparing more Marylanders for middle-skill jobs (those that require more than a high school diploma, but less than a four-year degree), Marylanders can gain the skills and credentials they need to get good jobs with family-supporting wages.
Middle-skill jobs are the backbone of the state's economy, making up half of Maryland's labor market. Maryland's community colleges are the places to go for training to meet the middle-skill labor demand in the state. Visit Skills2Compete-Maryland to learn more about this important effort.
Email firstname.lastname@example.com or call 443-412-2172.
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Princeton University's radio station, WPRB, draws listeners from Princeton and beyond. Above, senior Maryam Patton talks about the experience she's had of being one of the student deejays.
Video stills from Danielle Alio, Office of Communications
Web Stories
Video feature: Radio station brings students, alumni and community together
Posted December 23, 2013; 12:00 p.m.
In addition to their classes and various extracurricular activities, some Princeton University students are dedicating time to operate a 14,000-watt radio station that can be heard from Princeton to parts of New York City, Philadelphia and Wilmington, Del.
WPRB, located in the basement of Bloomberg Hall, is a commercial and nonprofit station that broadcasts a wide variety of musical selections as well as live sporting events during the academic year. The station can be found at 103.3 on the FM dial and is streamed online via iTunes.
This video gives an inside look at WPRB and a few of its dedicated staff members. In addition to students, the station welcomes alumni and members of the surrounding community to be a part of the staff.
Play the "WPRB, Princeton Radio" video.
"The experience working at WPRB and getting to interface with community members, getting to interface with alums, is really unlike anything else on campus," said Adoley Ammah-Tagoe, WPRB programming director and member of the Class of 2014.
WPRB deejay Teri Noel Towe, an alumnus from the Class of 1970, recently celebrated the 45th anniversary of his first broadcast at the station.
"One of the things that really gives me a great deal of pleasure is to see that WPRB continues to be as rewarding for and as much fun for the … kids as it was for me in 1968," Towe said.
Working at WPRB can be just as rewarding for community members as it is for students and alumni, according to Alex Basile, who grew up in the surrounding community and first got involved with WPRB while in high school.
"The diversity of the extended WPRB community is I think one of its greatest draws," Basile said. "I've met a lot of really great people here, and I made a lot of friends, and I've learned a lot about broadcasting and business and music."


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