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This hear briefly realizes the knowledge bases third-largest morality, which isnt a trust at all!\n\nI Introduction\n\n Hindooism is a constitution of belief that claims over 700 adherents, well-nigh of them in India. It is based on the practice of Dharma, the Code of Life, and is non strictly a religion. Nevertheless, it has bewitchd the make out of men for millennia.\nThis paper examines Hinduism, its influence, how it cleverness help create world peace, and how it connects with other faiths.\n\nII Hinduisms Influence\n\nAlthough it is unfortunately non a good influence in Western eyes, Hinduism is considered to be responsible for the caste agreement in India; that is, Hinduism had such a great influence that it created the sinless societal structure.\nThe caste organization is actually based on distinctions among plenty as they happen in the religious life history (Ross, PG), plainly has permeated all of rules of allege to the point where its origins seem gen erally forgotten. All thats left field is the injustice of a system that denies people the opportunity to make through their own efforts.\n\n one-third Hinduism as a style to Resolve Conflict\n\nBecause Hinduism is non a formal religion but a behavior of life, those who practice it are acquit (as I understand it) to project as much as they can; disagree as much as they desire, eve with the scriptures; and seek for the truth in whatever way seems outmatch to them. It is a search for nonesuch and truth, strongly influenced by Buddhistic tradition.\nMy positive scenario for the resolution of about of the worlds conflicts (Israel/Palestinians comes to mind) would be to encourage learning, growth and self-discovery. (OK, but its a fantasy.) When people are involved in the process of learning, they have wee time to fight. Perhaps as they studied the Hindu religion, they would breastfeed parallels to their own, and thus begin to flummox common ground with separately other th rough the Hindu mediation. (Madras, PG).\n\nIV Hinduism and opposite Faiths\n\nOther great faiths have characteristics that Hinduism shares. Well examine some common beliefs and what Hinduism has in common with them. First, many faiths caboodle with peoples family relationship to the unseen, the world of spirits, gods and demons. In Hinduism, the gods babble directly to men by possessing certain members of the community, who then business as oracles and healers. The men chosen by the gods are cognize as dhamis. (Baker,...If you want to get in a full essay, order it on our website:
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Cheap ideas for argument essays
Thursday, February 16, 2017
Tuesday, February 14, 2017
âAnimal Experimentationâ: Essay writing hints
In case you have to bring out an probe on wolf experimentation you should be aw be(predicate) of certain ethical points that fuck with beast rights and establishions around wight exam. One of the most captivate types for this essay is an argumentative unmatch up to(p) but also you preserve allot such kinds as definition, comparative, expository and cause and picture essays. Here argon both(prenominal) ideas for argumentative paper well-nigh savage experimentation.\n\nIntroduction.\n\n physical com berth bullock: provide the general training or background of the secrete discussed in the introductory part. Also, you ordure include your motivations for writing as it will let the commentator understand why the rationalize matters. \n\nExperimentation on animate beings is a quite difficult fill out as it is throwed by dickens polar positions. From one side, animate being experimenting can be sure if animal(prenominal)s painfulness and discomfort are minimize d. In the other hand, animal testing and experimenting should not be allowed if we flip animal rights.\n\nThesis bidding.\n\nWriting wiretap: thesis tell apartment is your central idea, the position that you are going to explicate and discuss in your paper. Try to spell it clearly, it must flow logically from the information you have explicated in the introduction.\n\nTaking into account that youthful society tends to lie with animals as the species that have similar rights to homo but just take protrude by their abilities, we can state that animal experiments must be minimized or prohibited.\n\n automobile trunk paragraph 1.\n\nWriting accomplishment: the embody of your essay should present the arguments that build up your position stated in thesis. chief(prenominal) argument is usually denotative in the first disapprobation of the paragraph, which is called topical sentence.\n\n animal(prenominal) testing is wrong ethically as it results in animals crucifixion and can cause the moral deviations in human minds. Since animals, uniform humans, have their own feelings: fear, pleasure, pain, or motherly love we should recognize them as equal to us. The incident that animals are not able to defend themselves properly does not allow people to authorize them suffer in the interest group of their own interests. Very a great deal benefits cannot be proved and animals lives and health are spent in vain.\n\n frame paragraph 2.\n\nWriting tip: The second paragraph of the main body in the essay should be linked to the antecedent one with the help of transitional sentence, which is usually located at the very end of antecedent paragraph. You can develop other aspect, or use a different facet and apologize them in the second body paragraph.\n\nDue to high scientific developments and rapid progress, people are able to develop choice methods that can substitute animal testing and experimenting. First of all, we should consider reducing the number of animal involved into experiments and improve the techniques used. Secondly, animals must be provided with better conditions for living. Nevertheless, the go around way to solve the issue is using computer technologies and electric cell cultures for experimenting and testing.\n\nConclusion.\n\nWriting tip: restart your arguments and restate the thesis in the concluding paragraph. Also, you can commemorate new perspective or innovative facets that can be developed in in store(predicate) researches.\n\nDespite numerous benefits of animal experimenting, people should not be allowed to make tests on animals considering their feelings, torture and rights.If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:
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Sunday, February 12, 2017
How to Write an Essay with a Different Style
\nThe word audition in The Concise Oxford vocabulary, is defined as a literary composition - commonly prose and short - on both subject. Most of the time, you get to economise an establish for homework and be bem commitd; except not anymore.\n\nIn sub_856.gif \n\nThis article has been tagged as a stub.\n\n\nThat means its get rid of to a good start, that still has room to call forth into a more encouraging resource. Until the article reaches its full potential, it go away be hidden from wait results. Can you help it dilate? If you think the article offers complete and accurate instructions, feel absolve to remove this tag.\nSteps\n relieve an try with a polar course Step 1.jpg1\n deliver unity in your writing. one develops ones theme with a clear purpose. The subject must be clearly defined in the mind throughout the essay. in that location should be a variant views and try not to pull through irrelevant things.\n salve an Essay with a antithetic Style Step 2 .jpg2\nEnsure you defecate correct order and organization. You mint sub-divide your essay in ternion paragraphs. The essay is all almost your own views but you tush add research and dejection change the language of the text edition you see from different books, but in correct order.\n preserve an Essay with a unlike Style Step 3.jpg3\n annul casual writing. The content you economize must be white-tie and to the topic. Avoid using talk and colloquial terms standardised those written in the comics.\nWrite an Essay with a Different Style Step 4.jpgEdit step4\n puzzle out it a success. To blossom your essay, you displace write down the examples to the colligate topic. In addition, you can exercise proverbs, quotes, and phrases wherever necessary. Please do not overload your essay with these proverbs. Do not use complicated terms, which would be uneffective to be understood by the readers.If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:
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Friday, February 10, 2017
Christianity in Beowulf and The Canterbury Tales
Christianity plays a vainglorious role in the untimely British fails, The Canterbury Tales and Beowulf. Beowulf, written surrounded by 700-1000 CE, tells the tale of a suffer hero on an heroic poem journey. Through the use of allusions, references, and imagery, the work suggests that the narrator of Beowulf ardently believes in Christianity. Geoffrey Chaucers poem, The Canterbury Tales, uses humor to show the none between good and malevolent in society. With imagery, phrasing, and character usage, The Canterbury Tales not only proves that the narrator knows about Christianity, but also extends the fellowship further to demonstrate the glaring doubts in the speakers faith. The narrators outlook on Christianity in both whole kit reflects the time rate of flow during which they were written, the show and understanding of Christianity at that imply in history impacting the epos poems.The authors of Beowulf and The Canterbury Tales use Christianity as an broker of momentu m for their plots, applying it to unveil deeper themes. heretofore it is the historical context, the time period in which the authors wrote these works, and the understanding of Christianity at that specific point in time, that most influences the authors portrayal of Christianity.\nThe previous(predicate) 700s CE, a time famed for many changes and advancements, was known as the Anglo-Saxon period. Anglo-Saxon, a fair modern term, refers to settlers from the German regions of Angln and comte de Saxe who made their way everyplace to Britain after the fall of the romish Empire (BBC Primary History). The archeozoic Anglo-Saxons were pagans, who were extremely superstitious and believed that rhymes, potions, and stones would encourage them from the evil spirits of sickness. It was not until 597 AD that the Pope in Rome began to advocate the counterpane of Christianity to the Anglo-Saxons. The seventh and eighth centuries were generation of great religious version in the Anglo -Saxon world. The doddery religion was vanishing, and the new fait...
Wednesday, February 8, 2017
Political and Social Grievances - Early 20th Century Russia
Assignment\n force the political and social grievances that existed in Russia in the early 20th coulomb.\n\nResponse\nDuring the twentieth century Russia experienced various major(ip) injustices both politic on the wholey and socially. These injustices had an incredibly significant impact on Russia, an impact that is often comprehend as negative, yet had more or less important positive influences everyplace the country and even influenced how it is run low today. Although the grievances endured caused an uprising and disquiet inwardly Russian society, they shaped how modern-day Russia is lead as they initiated a revolution for change in politics and overturned the Romanov family govern. some of these grievances include: The October Manifesto, World fight I, and Rasputins involvement with the kinglike family and how it affected the tsarist regime.\nRussias czar at the time, Nicholas II was an autocratic ruler by inheritance from his father, Alexander III, which direct t o some problems within Russian society, with the emergence of communist and social reformer groups that began to advocate against Tsarism and call for political revolution. The autocratic form of ruling Russia created hostility towards tsarism as all decisions were made by the Tsar, and no rule could be passed without the Tsars approval, meaning the mint of Russia did not have many rights. This autocracy supplyd to the countrys grievances at the time as problems were not being correctly solved, and the Tsar was the only individual in control of deciding solutions yet these solutions were not usually successful.\nThe October Manifesto was the Tsar Nicholas IIs official organisation for political improvements and restructuring in 1905. It came by and by ten months of popular unrest, strikes, hysteria and political debate nigh the future of Russia. The development of a State Duma that was to be choose by the Russian public, to contribute in passing of youthful laws, was the aim of the manifesto, and it calle...
Sunday, February 5, 2017
Theme and Audience of Gossip Girl
This see bequeath attempt to formulate why its audience including the reservoir of this essay enjoy the curriculum Gossip lady friend. The stem of the programme and the main characters go forth be discussed. The following paragraphs will discuss the social turning point regarding the characters, those from the fastness East positioning and those from Brooklyn. An attempt will be made to determine when discussing the characters and their background, whether it is the lineament that the audience be identifying with the characters and then the reason for Gossip Girls popularity.\n within the program Gossip Girl there argon 16 characters, the main one existence Gossip Girl themselves. The characters each(prenominal) have very diametric roles and backgrounds. Within the beside some paragraphs, they will be discussed and talked rough how they portrayed within the programme. In the first episode, the audience are introduced to two of the main characters, Serena cutting e dge Der Woodsen and Blair Waldorf. Both these characters are from the Upper East lieu, they are the socialites of their educate and every girl at their school looks up to them. boot out when we get deeper into the series it turns out, they are bad role models, with the exchangeables of Serena who was cognise for her use of recreational drugs, her psychoneurotic drinking and girl next door partying livelihoodstyle. Then we hump to Blair Waldorf, Serenas best friend. At the beginning, Serena and Blairs association was nonexistent, once again because of Serenas partying ways. bid any friendship, Serena and Blair had their fall outs, which brought the pommel out in Blair. Blair Waldorf was non the sweetheart, who would not hurt anybody, like everyone thought. She was in fact the yet person who could hurt Serena more than than anyone by posting her secrets to chin-wag girl.\nGossip Girl was a phenomenon within the real life Upper East Side and surrounding communities such as Brooklyn. No matter where you stood on the social ladder, her posts would obsess you. In ...
Friday, February 3, 2017
Amy Chua - Why Chinese Mother\'s Are Superior
How to raise a child is an issue, which has been debated for years and believably will for many more than. We bind all been raise differently, and some pargonnts think the appearance of life they raised or are top their children are the outdo. In this oblige Amy Chua tells us about the way Chinese m otherwises prepare their children for achievement during their upbringing. Why Chinese Mothers are Superior, was brought on January 8th in 2011. The name itself calls for a rotary of attention because the article was brought in The Wall Street journal  which is only published in the western countries. Therefore you open fire assume that the title causes tumultuousness between western parents.\nThe generator Amy Chua is Chinese; she is a professor at Yale Law give instruction and was raised to be the best in all secernate except for gym and drama. Chua uses the bourne Chinese Mothers  quite loosely. She knows parents from other countries raising their children th e Chinese way and Chinese parents raising their children more loose. Amy Chua uses provocation and irony to latch on in the endorser; respectable by naming the article something, which questions the western readers parenting. The list she has created in the top shows us the irony. at once she has drawn in the reader she engages the reader further by getting creditability by utilize herself as an example. She appeals to us by using ethos for example by her professor post at Yale Law School and her besides language implies that she is educated and cultural, which we fuck off trustworthy. She is also reliable because she has gained offshoot hand experience with twain methods of parenting because her husband is a Hesperian and she herself is Chinese. She applies logos by financial backing up her arguments with surveys and statistics. By doing that she brook base her opinion scientifically and therefore her opinion seems waterproofed  and shows us that her method is workin g.\nChuas comment of Chinese upbringing is pace your child to be the sheer(a) best in every thing. Chu... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:
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Christmas newborn photography #reindeer #crochet
1. basket 2. red shag blanket 3. curly wood letters (L,V & E) 4. Red crochet hair bow 5. Red & White crochet leg warmers
Baby Photography...@Lynn Rogers @Yifat Rogers Mom, will you make this hat for your 1st grandchild and our future children, but in jersey colors? Love!!
So cute newborn photo. Since the new baby is due Valentines day :)
Inspiring Image of the Week by Victoria Gerardi Photography. LearnShootInspire.com
cute funny unique toddler baby holiday christmas photos little tikes car
<b>Christmas has never been cuter.</b>
Karen Fron Interior Design in Calgary, Alberta specializes in residential and commercial interior design with a focus on bespoke cabinetry, custom furniture, and designer fabrics - the personal side of design.
Christmas cookies indoor mini session pajamas photos Abby Jayne Photography

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#ditchtheplastic and save £££ on AQUAPAX at VegfestUK London
The AQUAPAX team are hydrating visitors at VegfestUK London again this year
VegfestUK London 2016 EVENT PROGRAMME now available to view online
80 page programme with floor plan, stalls list, caterers, info on talks, cookery demos and performances
Advance tickets for Vegfest Scotland 2016 now on sale
BOGOF and BOGOHP offers on advance tickets running for limited periods only #BringAFriendToVegfest #VegfestScotland2016
Huge celebration of the best of veganism in VegfestUK Awards 2016
Altogether 16 categories with 10 nominees vying for top gong - voting closes at midnight on September 30th 2016. #VegfestUKAwards2016
Advance tickets for VegfestUK London 2016 now on sale
BOGOF and BOGOHP offers running for LIMITED PERIODS ONLY #BringAFriendToVegfest
- RT @FabFudge_UK: FabFudge Vegan Fudge comes to @VegfestUK ! - t.co/b8dwFs0HL8 #handmadehour #vegan
- RT @JamesTeaCook: ð´ââ ï¸Kids Go ðFreeðat @VegfestUK #Bristol Me cookery classes be ðfreeðððð¨âð©âð§We be learning about eating a ðð¥ðð¥ðð ðRainboâ¦
- YourTonic will be bringing their Surya Brasil henna hair colouring and Buddha Water to VegfestUK Bristol 2017.... t.co/YILgLSzOkI
EVOLVE! Campaigns short films
Saturday 11:00am - 11:55pm in the Cinema AND
Sunday 10:00am - 10:55am in the Cinema
Why Vegan?
This short video by EVOLVE! outlines the rationale behind following a vegan lifestyle - justice for animals, justice for global food production, better health, putting a stop to violence and environmental destruction amongst other incentives.
Plant-based Nutrition vs Animal-based Nutrition
This EVOLVE! film production shows that, by eating a variety of plant-based foods, it's easy to get all the nutrients we require, with the added bonus that plant-based foods contain no saturated animal fat, no cholesterol and none of the acidifying effects of animal-derived foods.
What we can do to End World Hunger
This EVOLVE! video explains that meat-eating societies are the main cause of world hunger because they feed a disproportionate percentage of the world's crops to the 60 billion land animals annually killed by the meat, dairy and egg industries worldwide, and tens of billions of marine animals... instead of the 7 billion people on the planet.


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Welcome to Buff
Winners of Day Spa Of the Year 2009/2010 & Finalists 2013 & 2014
Welcome to Buff Urban Day Spa: an oasis of lavish urban chic, where relaxation, serenity and luxury are at the heart of your experience.
Whether you are seeking an escape from the stresses of modern living, somewhere to improve your wellbeing or the expertise to create a striking new you, Buff will make your visit an unforgettable and indulgent experience.
Please enjoy your time with us; relax, revive, beautify and make the most of our wide range of excellent facilities. When you leave us, do so feeling recharged, ready to reconnect with the world.
Opening Times
|09.00 - 17.30
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|09.00 - 17.30
Feel free to contact us for an appointment!
If you would like to book a treatment, or would simply like to know more about Buff please contact us below.
22-24 Station Road
Taunton TA1 1NL
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Book the ESPA Express Facial and 30 minute Deep Massage together for only £65. Saving £10!
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Enjoy any of our One hour massages and receive a complimentary 30 minute session in our Floatation Tank. Saving £25!
To Gemma, Tara, Jess, Louise D, Charlotte and David. Thank you so much for the wonderful treatments on May 30th for my hen. We all had such a fab time and we will certainly recommend Buff to friends and colleagues. With Love From Pauline x
I wrote to you some years ago in respect to your staff and I feel it is time that I wrote again. I used to work with the public and know that they are so quick to complain but not so forthcoming with praise. My wife and I have been coming to buff since you opened and my wife's last visit was yeste...


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Click below for expert advice on animal welfare in tourism.
Is this attraction accessible using public transportation?
Does this activity require advanced planning, ticketing or reservations?
Is this attraction good for big groups (greater than 5)?
Is this attraction good for small groups (less than four)?
Is this attraction a good picnic spot?
Would this be a good sunny day activity?
Is this attraction exciting, unusual, or risky to visit?
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Thanks for helping!
Not the biggest of meetings but wonderful experience. Plenty of staff on hand to help the first time visitors really an enjoyable experience!
My first visit to Ayr racecourse it was very enjoyable experience,the facilities were very good plenty of food outlets and bars ,the toilets good and plenty of room to move about.This was my first visit to Ayr racecourse and would recommend a visit to anyone
Went to the Scottish Grand National and there is remove for improvement here.
Not much of vegetarian options but the trailers selling food and when I saw one selling veggie burgers they had none.
Went to another trailer and asked for chips and mushy peas.
Turned out with chips and 15 peas thrown on top.
Day was ruined so what...
Great race track easy to park ad get to. Ayr town centre is very close with the beach just a little further
This claims to be Scotland's Premier Racecourse and it certainly is a 'premier' set up. The staff were friendly and helpful and the Bars and food areas were well staffed and queues were kept to a minimum. There are a fair number of options for food and drink and all at reasonable prices. Th racecourse itself is a great viewing...
My Brother in law won a tour of the racecourse and in doing so we met some lovely people. From Ian Fergusson the problem manager to Lisa our guide for the day where fantastic. We had a great tour followed by a day of racing (we didn't pick a winner not one). It's a great racetrack run by some extremely...
Had a good day at the races in early January. A good crowd attended but there is plenty of room to buy food, get a drink and put a bet on.
Ayr is a great racecourse with most of the facilities fairly close together. I went with some good friends on one of the hospitality packages where you received a voucher for a race card, food and a drink along with your entry. We went to the New Years meeting. I wanted to give the venue five stars but there were...
We went to the races at new year.it was a good day out.
However we arrived an hour before the first race and there wasn't a seat to be had.
More seating should be provided for the elderly and disabled
I was with family in a private hospitality box at Ayr Racecourse on 2 Jan. 2016 and had a very enjoyable experience. The box was freshly decorated and the table was well set for lunch. The 3 course lunch of soup, steak pie and sticky toffee pudding was actually very good considering the numbers being served at the venue. The...
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Going to Scottish sun raceday what time does it finish so I can book bus thx
Hi there, I'm organising my friends stag do at the Scottish grand national. I was wondering if anyone had any tips or advice for the day?
Many thanks for your help in advance.
Hi, i am currently looking at Ayr as a 30th bday present to my boyfriend. I would like to know which is better, club or grandstand? Any other tips, hints or help would be very much appreciated!! Thank you
I want to buy a present for a couple to go the ayr gold cup to include accommodation & tickets. Any ideas?
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LG G-Slate / Optimus Pad landing in April
Remember the LG G-Slate? Maybe you know it as the T-Mobile G-Slate? Or possibly the LG Optimus Pad?
Yeah, that's right - it's the tablet with more names than Puff Daddy, and it's coming your way in April; not this month as was supposedly planned.
Reports suggest that the Tegra 2 touted tab will officially hit T-Mobile customers on 20 April - with pre-orders opening up before then. Currently the T-Mobile US site still lists the 8.9-inch device as coming soon, a status it has enjoyed since being officially detailed way back at the beginning of February.
The Honeycomb powered tablet packs two 5-megapixel cameras on the back that will allow you to record 720p 3D video and pictures or 1080p 2D footage.
Other tech includes a 2-megapixel front facing camera, HDMI output so you can connect it to a TV, 32GB of on board memory, a 3.5mm jack, and stereo speakers. It's also 4G capable for US users.
It's expected that LG will go official with the release details at CTIA in Florida next week, so stay tuned as Pocket-lint will be reporting live from the event.
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Clinical review: Prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in acute brain injury and coma
DOI: 10.1186/cc6107
© BioMed Central Ltd 2007
Published: 18 October 2007
Progress in management of critically ill neurological patients has led to improved survival rates. However, severe residual neurological impairment, such as persistent coma, occurs in some survivors. This raises concerns about whether it is ethically appropriate to apply aggressive care routinely, which is also associated with burdensome long-term management costs. Adapting the management approach based on long-term neurological prognosis represents a major challenge to intensive care. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can show brain lesions that are not visible by computed tomography, including early cytotoxic oedema after ischaemic stroke, diffuse axonal injury after traumatic brain injury and cortical laminar necrosis after cardiac arrest. Thus, MRI increases the accuracy of neurological diagnosis in critically ill patients. In addition, there is some evidence that MRI may have potential in terms of predicting outcome. Following a brief description of the sequences used, this review focuses on the prognostic value of MRI in patients with traumatic brain injury, anoxic/hypoxic encephalopathy and stroke. Finally, the roles played by the main anatomical structures involved in arousal and awareness are discussed and avenues for future research suggested.
Severe brain impairment, most notably persistent coma, may follow traumatic brain injury (TBI), anoxic/hypoxic encephalopathy, or stroke. Although progress in the management of critically ill neurological patients has led to improved survival rates [1], some survivors remain in a persistent vegetative or minimally conscious state. Up to 14% of patients with TBI remain in a persistent vegetative state after 1 year [2–4], and their medical cost has been estimated at US$1 to 7 billion per year in the USA [5]. The possibility that aggressive medical management may lead to survival with severe brain impairment raises ethical issues. Adapting the level of medical care to long-term neurological prognosis is a major challenge for neurological intensive care. The first step in meeting this challenge is validation of tools that accurately predict long-term neurological outcome after severe cerebral insult.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is more sensitive than computed tomography at detecting stroke in the early phase, subtle abnormalities related to anoxic/hypoxic encephalopathy, and diffuse axonal injury (DAI) in patients with TBI. MRI provides valuable diagnostic information, although it is cumbersome to perform in the acute phase in comatose patients who are undergoing mechanical ventilation. Several MRI sequences and techniques have been used to explore the structures, metabolism and functions of the brain. The data supplied by these methods could be used to predict long-term neurological outcome.
In this review we briefly describe the MRI sequences and techniques used in critically ill neurological patients, and then we discuss their prognostic value in comatose patients with TBI, anoxic/hypoxic encephalopathy, or stroke. Finally, we discuss the prognostic influences of the main anatomical structures that are involved in arousal and awareness, and we suggest avenues for future research.
Magnetic resonance imaging sequences and techniques
Conventional magnetic resonance imaging
Conventional MRI provides an initial evaluation of brain lesions. However, when it is used alone it fails to predict outcome accurately.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), derived from DWI, measures the degree and direction of water diffusion (anisotropy). Water diffusion anisotropy reflects the integrity of white matter tracts. Pathophysiological mechanisms that can alter water diffusion anisotropy include DAI, effects of intracranial hypertension and disconnection of white matter tracts.
Magnetization transfer imaging
This sequence is based on the principle that structure-bound protons undergo T1 relaxation coupling with protons in the aqueous phase. Saturated protons in macromolecules exchange longitudinal magnetization with protons in the aqueous phase, leading to a reduction in signal intensity. Magnetization transfer imaging has been found to be sensitive for detecting white matter lesions in several neurological conditions [11, 12].
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional MRI may reveal foci of cerebral dysfunction in regions that look structurally intact on conventional MRI. Imaging is based on changes in the oxidative state of haemoglobin, which reflects regional brain activation. Functional MRI remains difficult to perform in critically ill unstable patients and, consequently, few teams have acquired the equipment and experience necessary to apply this technique [13]. The few available studies conducted in comatose patients with TBI showed a correlation between prefrontal/cingulated cortical activation disturbation and cognitive impairments [14, 15]. However, functional MRI was performed in these studies at a distance from the injury.
Magnetic resonance imaging findings in specific critical neurological conditions
Traumatic brain injury
Conventional magnetic resonance imaging
Conventional magnetic resonance in traumatic brain injury
Authors (ref.)
Kampfl, 1998 [19]
Firsching, 1998 [18]
Pierallini, 2000 [30]
Yanagawa, 2000 [28]
Paterakis, 2000 [27]
Firsching, 2001 [29]
Firsching, 2002 [95]
Wedekind, 2002 [31]
Carpentier, 2006 [17]
Study design
Inclusion criteria
VS between 6 and 8 weeks
Admission in coma (duration >24 hours)
GCS score <8, coma >1 week, post-traumatic amnesia >4 weeks
Alive after 1 week
Discrepancy between CT scan and neurological status
Admission in coma (duration >24 hours)
GCS score <8
GCS score <8
Severe TBI
Number of patients
Delay to MRI
6 to 8 weeks
<7 days
60 to 90 days
<3 weeks
<48 hours
<8 days
<7 days
1 to 39 days
17.5 ± 6.4
Outcome Variable of Interest
GOS score (2 versus 3–5) at 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months
Clinical assessment at 3, 6 and 12 months
GOS score at 3 months
GOS score (2–3 versus 4–5) at 6 months
Mortality and outcome at 3 months to 3 yearsb
Mortality at 6 months
GOS score, DRS >6 months (mean delay: 11.3 months)
GOS score (1–2 versus 4–5) and DRS at 18 months
Main results
Independent factor of poor outcome on multivariate analysis. Corpus callosum: OR 213.8 (95% CI 14.2 to 3213.3). Brainstem lesions OR 6.9 (95% CI 1.1 to 42.9)
Brainstem lesions: mortality rate of 44%. Bilateral brainstem lesions: mortality rate of 100%
Volume of FLAIR corpus callosum lesions correlated with first clinical evaluation. Volume of FLAIR frontal lobe lesion correlated with clinical outcome at 1 year
Number of T2 lesions correlated with GOS score. Number of T2* lesions correlated with GOS score
DAI stages correlated with outcome. No patient with good outcome had haemorrhagic DAI
Bilateral pons lesions: mortality rate of 100%. Outcome correlated with presence/absence and unilateral/bilateral brainstem lesions
Bilateral upper pontine lesion predicts mortality
More lesions of corpus callosum, basal ganglia and (para-)hippo-campal lesions in patients with brainstem lesions
Total burden of FLAIR and T2* lesions correlated with DRS and GOS score
DAI is the most common primary lesion in TBI patients [22, 23] and may be the most common cause of poor outcome [22–24]. DAI may be ischaemic or haemorrhagic [7, 8]. Ischaemic DAI is seen as a hypersignal on DWI or FLAIR, with no abnormality on the T2* sequence [25]. The hypersignal with DWI disappears within about 2 weeks. Conversely, haemorrhagic DAI appears as a hyposignal on the T2* sequence, with normal DWI findings. It has been proposed [22] that DAI location could be classified into the following stages: stage 1, frontal and temporal white matter; stage 2, lobar white matter and posterior part of corpus callosum; and stage 3, dorsolateral midbrain and pons. With outcomes defined as Glasgow Outcome Scale [26] scores of 2 to 3 versus 4 to 5, none of the 33 patients with good outcome in another study [27] had haemorrhagic DAI (Table 1). DAI appears to be a major determinant of poor outcomes, although its use as an outcome predictor in the individual patient remains difficult. Whether the correlation between DAI and outcome is due to the total lesion burden or to DAI location remains debated.
In several prospective studies, lesion burden was associated with outcome irrespective of DAI location (Table 1) [17, 19, 28]. Among 40 prospectively enrolled patients with severe TBI, lesions by FLAIR and T2*-weighted sequences increased progressively with GOS score groups 1 to 2, 3, and 4 to 5 [17]. Similar results were obtained in a study comparing 42 patients with persistent vegetative state with 38 patients who recovered consciousness [19].
A number of studies have focused on the value of DAI location in predicting outcome [19, 29–31]. Brainstem lesions in the pons and mesencephalon appear to be the most potent markers of poor prognosis, most notably when they are bilateral and symmetrical [18, 19, 29, 31]. In a prospective study conducted in 61 patients (Table 1) who were studied within 7 days of TBI [18], all patients with bilateral pontine lesions died as compared with 9% of patients with no brainstem lesions. These results were confirmed by the same group in a prospective study of 102 comatose patients [29] using the following four-stage grading system: grade I, lesions of the hemispheres only; grade II, unilateral lesions of the brainstem at any level with or without supratentorial lesions; grade III, bilateral lesions of the mesencephalon with or without supratentorial lesions; and grade IV, bilateral lesions of the pons with or without any of the lesions of lesser grades. Mortality increased gradually from 14% with grade I lesions to 100% with grade IV lesions. These findings were corroborated by two independent studies [19, 31] (Table 1). We recently confirmed the prognostic value of brainstem lesions in the upper pons and lower midbrain in a study of 73 patients [32]. Bilateral pontine lesions carry a high mortality rate and predict poor neurological outcomes.
Three studies showed that corpus callosum lesions were associated with poor outcomes [19, 30, 31] (Table 1). However, these lesions may merely represent markers for severe initial injury. In addition to lesion burden, both total lesion volume and frontal lobe lesion volume on FLAIR images correlated significantly with clinical outcomes [30]. Nevertheless, evaluating DAI lesion volume is difficult (most notably when the lesions are small), time consuming, cumbersome and subject to inter-rater variability.
The presence of severe DAI and a heavy lesion burden are associated with permanent neurological impairment. However, these factors are difficult to use in the individual patient, especially to distinguish GOS score 2 from GOS score 3. In TBI patients, brainstem lesions are easily identified by MRI. In our experience, they are associated with poor outcomes, most notably when they are posterior and bilateral. Posterior brainstem lesions in the periaqueductal grey matter are probably more relevant than anterior brainstem lesions as predictors of poor outcomes in patients with brainstem stroke [21] or TBI [19]. In clinical practice, treatment limitation may deserve consideration in patients who have large bilateral lesions in the posterior part of the pons after TBI.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Outcome of traumatic brain injury by magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors (ref.)
Choe, 1995 [43]
Ricci, 1997 [39]
Ross, 1998 [40]
Friedman, 1999 [36]
Garnett, 2000 [37]
Sinson, 2001 [41]
Uzan, 2003 [42]
Carpentier, 2006 [17]
Marino, 2006 [38]
Study design
2 weeks to 11 months
1 to 90 months
1 to 74 days
45 ± 21 days/6 months
12 days (3–35)/6.2 months (2.9–50.6)
41 days (median)
6 to 8 months
17.5 ± 6.4 days
48 to 72 hours
Number of patients
10 TBI patients versus 10 control individuals
14 VS TBI patients
25 TBI patients (12 children)
14 TBI patients versus 14 control individuals
26 patients. Early study: 21. Late study: 15. Both: 10
30 TBI patients
14 VS TBI patients versus 5 control individuals
40 TBI patients
10 TBI patients versus 10 control individuals
Grey matter voxel location
Mesial cortex
White matter voxel location
Splenium of corpus callosum
Corpus callosum, mostly white matter
Outcome variable of interest
GOS score after MRI
GOS score (1–2 versus 3–5) at follow upa
ROS at discharge and follow upb
GOS score and neuropsychological performance
GOS score, DRS at 6 months
GOS score at 3 months (1–4 versus 5)
Aware versus not aware at >6 months
GOS score (1–2 versus 4–5), DRS at 18 months
GOS score at 3 months
Main results
NAA/Cr ratio lower in TBI patients. NAA/Cr ratio correlated with GOS score
NAA/Cr ratio and NAA/Cho ratio lower, Cho/Cr ratio elevated, and NAA/Cho lower in GOS score 1–2 versus GOS 3–5
NAA levels diminished. NAA/Cr ratio correlated with outcome
NAA levels in white matter lower in TBI patients. Early NAA levels in grey matter correlated with GOS
NAA/Cr ratio lower in TBI patients. Cho/Cr elevated in TBI patients. NAA/Cr ratio correlated with GOS score and DRS
NAA/Cr ratio lower. NAA/Cr correlated with GOS score
NAA/Cr ratio lower in VS. NAA/Cr ratio lower in patients remained in VS compared with patients who regained awareness
NAA/Cr ratio correlated to GOS score and DRS. No correlation between NAA/Cr ratio and lesions burden on FLAIR or T2*
NAA/Cr and NAA/all metabolites ratios lower. La/Cr and La/all metabolites ratios increased in TBI
Compared with control individuals, TBI patients exhibited decreased NAA levels, decreased NAA/creatine ratios and increased choline levels (Table 2) in all brain regions evaluated [35–39, 41, 42]. Increased lactate levels were seldom found in TBI patients, contrary to patients with other brain injuries [38]. The NAA/creatine ratio appeared to be the best outcome predictor. Low NAA/creatine values correlated with poor outcomes when they were located in the frontal [37, 39], frontoparietal [43], or occipitoparietal lobes [36, 40]; the splenium of the corpus callosum [41]; the thalami [42]; the pons [17]; or a voxel including the corpus callosum, the white matter, and part of the hemispheric cortex [38].
These studies are heterogeneous (Table 2) in terms of patient selection, time from TBI to MRS, voxel location, method of outcome assessment and timing of outcome assessment. For instance, among studies of patients with TBI, one included only patients in a vegetative state [42], another included patients with severe TBI [17] and a third excluded patients with early initial coma [36]. These differences in patient selection may be associated with differences in severity of brain oedema and in associated hypoxia and herniation, thereby introducing bias into the interpretation of the results. MRS findings vary greatly according to time since TBI. Four phases may be distinguished: an acute phase, which lasts 24 hours after TBI; an early subacute phase, which spans from the days 1 to 13; a late subacute phase, from days 14 to 20; and a chronic phase, which starts on day 21. Only two studies included patients at the acute phase [38, 40], and only one of these included all patients before 72 hours [38]. Two studies were conducted from the early subacute phase to the first month [17, 37] and one began inclusion in the late subacute phase but included patients up to 11 months after TBI [43]. Four studies focused on the chronic phase; in two of these studies, patients were included 3 weeks to 6 months after TBI [36, 39] and in the other two studies they were included 2 months to 8 months after TBI [39, 42].
Although NAA/creatine ratios were similar across studies, the results should be interpreted with caution because experimental in vitro and in vivo data suggest differences in the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and in the time course of the lesions [44–46]. To interpret these results reliably, information on NAA values over time are needed. Experiments conducted in vitro [44] and in vivo [45, 46] show an early NAA decrease starting within a few minutes after TBI and reaching the trough value within 48 hours. This finding explains why spectroscopic disturbances may require 48 hours for visualization [47]. NAA levels remain stable within the first month after TBI, supporting the validity of MRS assessment during the second or third week [48, 49]. Later on, between 6 weeks and 1 year after TBI, NAA levels may decrease [9, 37]. Partial recovery of NAA levels has been suggested and may indicate recovery of mitochondrial function [41].
Another important factor that varied across studies was MRS voxel location (Table 2). Voxels were located in the hemisphere (the occipitoparietal, frontoparietal, or frontal lobes), corpus callosum, thalamus, or brainstem (the pons). Because whole brain analysis is time consuming, voxels are typically restricted to the areas most affected by DAI, namely the lobar white matter, corpus callosum and upper brainstem [50]. Estimation of NAA in the whole brain may improve the prognostic value of MRS [41]. A good compromise may be a voxel encompassing the corpus callosum, white matter and part of the hemispheric cortex [38].
Studies also differed in their definitions of poor and good GOS outcome groups: comparisons involved GOS score 1 to 2 versus GOS score 3 to 5 [39], GOS score 1 to 4 versus GOS score 5 [41], or GOS score 1 to 2 versus GOS score 4 to 5 [17]. Finally, the time from TBI to outcome assessment varied from 3 to 18 months (Table 2), further complicating comparisons because neurological status may improve for up to 1 year after TBI.
Although MRS has superseded conventional MRI, the combination of these two techniques may be useful [17]. Variations in the NAA/creatine ratio over time have not been studied in a large TBI patient population. The above-mentioned variability in NAA levels constitutes the main limitation of this technique. To overcome this limitation, repeated studies at intervals of 1 to 2 weeks are probably needed. In our experience, variations in the NAA/creatine ratio are minimal in many patients. We agree with Sinson and coworkers [41] that whole brain NAA estimation might improve the prognostic value of MRS. Absence of dysfunction by MRS is a valuable finding; in a patient with normal results by both conventional MRI and MRS, a poor outcome is unlikely. However, we have seen a few patients with normal conventional MRI and MRS findings who had poor outcomes, probably related to white matter damage detected as DTI abnormalities.
Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging
Initial reports of DTI in TBI patients suggest that this technique may demonstrate alterations in white matter connections that are missed by conventional MRI [51]. DTI provides information on the physiological status of fibre bundles, thus complementing the metabolic and biochemical information supplied by MRS. At present, little is known about the prognostic value of DTI in patients with TBI. DTI findings correlated with clinical status in patients with multiple sclerosis or neurodegenerative disease [52, 53]. In a mouse model of TBI, DTI parameters were significantly reduced in the injured brain, whereas conventional MRI showed no significant changes [54]. Furthermore, changes in relative anisotropy correlated significantly with the density of stained axons on histological sections.
In a study comparing 20 TBI patients and 15 healthy control individuals, fractional anisotropy was reduced in the internal capsule and splenium of the corpus callosum and correlated with Glasgow Coma Scale score and Rankin score at discharge in the TBI patients [55]. Similar findings have been reported in children [56]. Anecdotal case reports of DTI abnormalities in TBI patients have been reported [57, 58]. In two patients who recovered partially after 6 years and 19 years, respectively, in a minimally conscious state, DTI disclosed increased anisotropy within the midline cerebellar white matter over an 18-month period [59]. This anisotropy increase correlated with an increase in resting metabolism, measured using positron emission tomography, which suggests that axonal regrowth might underlie increases in anisotropy. Larger studies of DTI variations over time are needed. In our institution, comatose patients have been included in a prospective DTI study for the past 3 years. Patients with major connectivity abnormalities in both hemispheres and the brainstem were at increased risk for poor outcomes. A large multicentre prospective study is ongoing in France to assess the usefulness of combining DTI with MRS.
Magnetization transfer imaging
Magnetization transfer imaging is sensitive for detecting white matter lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, or wallerian degeneration [11, 12]. Preliminary results in TBI are promising [60, 61]. The magnetization transfer ratio was decreased in TBI patients [60, 61]. Out of 28 TBI patients, eight had abnormal magnetization transfer ratios, and all eight had persistent neurological deficits [62]. In another study, however, no correlation was found between GOS score and abnormal magnetization transfer ratio [41].
Anoxic/hypoxic encephalopathy
Chronological magnetic resonance imaging findings in anoxic/hypoxic encephalopathy
Acute phase (<24 hours)
Early subacute phase (24 hours to day 13)
Late subacute phase (days 14 to 20)
Chronic phase (>21 days)
Brain swelling
Brain swelling
Absence of brain swelling
Diffuse atrophy and dilatation of the ventricles
Hypersignals in the cortex, in the thalamus and in the basal ganglia
Hypersignals in the cortex, in the thalamus and in the basal ganglia
Progressive disappearance of hypersignals found previously
Hypersignals in the cortex, in the thalamus and in the basal ganglia
Hypersignals in the cortex, in the thalamus and in the basal ganglia. Possible subcortical hyposignals
Hypersignals of the cortex, the thalamus, the basal ganglia and the pons
Normal or possible hypersignals of the cortex, the thalamus, the basal ganglia and the pons
No abnormalities
No abnormalities
Possible spontaneous subcortical and basal ganglia hypersignals
Can be normal
T1 with gadolinium enhancement
No abnormalities
Possible subcortical enhancement suggestive of cortical laminar necrosis
Possible subcortical enhancement suggestive of cortical laminar necrosis
No abnormalities
DWI seems more sensitive to mild hypoxic/anoxic injury in the first hours, and the hypersignal in cerebral cortex seems more precocious than in the basal ganglia
Hypersignals on both DWI and T2 become more intense, particularly in the thalamus and the basal ganglia
In some cases, appearance of diffuse white matter, abnormalities of delayed anoxic leukoencephalopathy on both DWI and T2
In some cases, hypersignals of the cortex and hyposignals in the subcortical zone on both T2 and T1, suggestive of cortical laminar necrosis
The three main series published to date included ten [66], eight [67] and six [63] patients. Although the small numbers of patients is a limitation, the succession of four phases was confirmed in several case reports and supported by findings of histological and animal studies [9, 12, 16, 67], indicating far greater vulnerability of grey matter to hypoxia as compared with white matter. This difference in vulnerability may explain why some brain regions are more susceptible than others to diffuse insults such as hypoxia or anoxia [2, 11, 29, 66].
A few studies recorded both MRI findings and long-term outcomes in patients with hypoxic/anoxic encephalopathy [64, 67, 69]. Diffuse cortical abnormalities by DWI in the acute or early subacute phase appear to be of unfavourable prognostic significance. Of six patients with hypoxic encephalopathy investigated by sequential MRI, the only patient who recovered a GOS score greater than 3 had hypersignals in watershed zones in the parieto-occipito-temporal cortex without cortical hypersignal by DWI. In a study of 10 patients who had suffered a cardiac arrest, FLAIR and DWI showed that eight patients had diffuse abnormalities in the cerebellum, thalamus, frontal and parietal cortices, and hippocampus [69]. None of the patients with cortical structure abnormalities recovered beyond a severely disabled state. In another prospective study, the prognostic value of DWI was evaluated in 12 patients within 36 hours after global cerebral hypoxia [64]. DWI findings correlated with clinical outcomes after 6 months. The three patients with short resuscitation times had a good recovery and normal DWI findings. Of the remaining nine patients, all had DWI abnormalities and developed a vegetative state. Thus, diffuse cortical hypersignals by DWI appear to predict a poor outcome. Conversely, several reports describe delayed anoxic encephalopathy with a good final outcome and resolution of MRI abnormalities. Therefore, finding diffuse hypersignals in the white matter by either DWI or T2/FLAIR weighted sequences should not lead to treatment limitation decisions.
In general, whether MRI findings can be used to guide treatment limitation decisions remains unclear. In our unit, treatment limitation is considered in patients with diffuse cortical hypersignals by DWI or cortical laminar necrosis images after prolonged cardiac arrest, provided the MRI findings are consonant with the clinical examination or electrophysiological data. In contrast, a patient with normal MRI findings after anoxia should probably be re-evaluated 1 or 2 weeks later by clinical examination, electrophysiological testing and MRI.
Few data are available on MRS findings after anoxia [70, 71]. No studies were specifically designed to assess the prognostic value of DTI in patients with anoxic/hypoxic encephalopathy. The unique ability of DTI to distinguish between white matter and grey matter, allowing separate quantitative assessment of these two tissues, should be of particular interest in anoxic/hypoxic encephalopathy.
Severe hypoglycaemia has been likened to hypoxic encephalopathy. Imaging study data in patients with hypoglycaemic coma are scant [63, 72, 73]. Interestingly, DWI abnormalities can mimic stroke in patients with hypoglycaemic coma [74, 75]. Rapid improvements in DWI and MRI abnormalities after glucose infusion were recently reported [76].
Ischaemic stroke
Ischaemic stroke causes coma in two main settings, namely malignant stroke and basilar artery occlusion. We focus on these two situations, and we do not discuss the prognostic value of MRI after stroke without coma.
In a study of 37 patients with acute middle cerebral artery infarction, early quantitative DWI findings predicted progression to malignant stroke, which occurred in 11 patients [77]. Factors that predicted malignant stroke were as follows: size of the region with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) < 80% greater than 82 ml; ADC in the core of the stroke < 300 mm2/s; and relative ADC within the ADC < 80% of the lesion under 0.62. Another study evaluated 28 patients, of whom 11 experienced malignant stroke [78]. The best predictor of malignant stroke within 14 hours of stroke onset was infarct volume by DWI greater than 145 cm3, which was 100% sensitive and 94% specific. Regarding brainstem stroke, a retrospective study of 47 patients showed that coma, which was a feature in nine patients, was associated with lesions in the posterior pons and lower midbrain [21]. The patients who died had all bilateral brainstem lesions in this area. None of the patients with bilateral lesions survived. Although the number of patients was small in the study, the results are consonant with clinical experience that brainstem stroke with coma and large brainstem lesions has a poor outcome and that some patients who are initially comatose with limited anterior brainstem infarction eventually experience good outcomes.
DTI has been used to assess outcomes after stroke [79], although we are not aware of studies of MRS or DTI to predict outcomes after malignant or brainstem stroke. In a study of 12 patients with subcortical infarcts involving the posterior limb of the internal capsule, a decrease in fractional anisotropy was detected by DTI, indicating secondary degeneration of the fibre tract proximal and distal to the primary ischaemic lesion [80]. Fibre tract degeneration occurred gradually, which might have hampered functional recovery. In patients with brainstem stroke or malignant stroke, DTI may be of considerable value for assessing fibre tract degeneration, thus predicting chances of recovery.
Ascending reticular activating system and prognosis of brain injuries
Avenues for research
Data from patients with TBI, stroke, or anoxic encephalopathy suggest that specific MRI findings may hold promise for outcome prediction. Large studies are not yet available, even in patients with TBI. Given the major ethical, human and economic issues involved, there is an urgent need for large prospective multicentre studies. Only small numbers of patients eligible for such studies are admitted to medical or surgical intensive care units, and few neurosurgical or neurological intensive care units exist; therefore, a multicentre design is essential to ensure recruitment of a sufficiently large population. In our institution, which is a neurosurgical intensive care unit in a tertiary hospital, multimodal prospective imaging by conventional MRI, MRS and DTI is performed routinely in all patients who are still comatose after 2 weeks. A multicentre study funded by the French Ministry of Health is under way.
Patients with severe brain injury, most notably those who remain comatose, generate huge health care costs. Adapting the level of medical care to the neurological outcome is a major challenge currently faced by neurological intensive care. Meeting this challenge will require the development of tools that reliably predict long-term neurological outcomes.
Most MRI studies to date were conducted in patients with TBI. By conventional imaging, presence of bilateral lesions in the dorsolateral upper brainstem appears to be the factor of greatest adverse prognostic significance. With MRS, low NAA/creatine ratio in the hemispheres and in the pons predicts a poor outcome. In anoxic/hypoxic encephalopathy, the factor of greatest adverse significance appears to be the presence of diffuse cortical abnormalities by DWI. However, data are scarcer than in the field of TBI. Finally, regarding brainstem stroke, posterior lesions appear to be associated with poor outcome.
The prognostic value of imaging studies could be improved by combining several techniques and sequences, for instance by combining several MRI sequences or by combining MRI with electrophysiological studies or clinical data. Complete destruction of arousal structures is consistently associated with poor outcome. Multimodal MRI is a promising technique that can be expected to provide accurate prediction of neurological outcome in the near future.
apparent diffusion coefficient
ascending reticular activating system
diffuse axonal injury
diffusion tensor imaging
diffusion weighted imaging
fluid-attenuated inversion recovery
Glasgow Outcome Scale
magnetic resonance imaging
magnetic resonance spectroscopy
traumatic brain injury.
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From the cocreator of the landmark series, the story millions of fans have been waiting to get their hands on for 25 long years.
A vastly layered, wide-ranging history that deepens the mysteries of the iconic town in ways that will thrill disciples of the original series and will prep fans for the upcoming SHOWTIME® series like nothing else out there.
Four original Twin Peaks cast members who are appearing in the new Twin Peaks for SHOWTIME® - Kyle MacLachlan, Russ Tamblyn, Michael Horse, and David Patrick Kelly - join three new actors - Amy Shiels, Robert Knepper, and James Morrison - to voice the audiobook edition of the novel along with cocreator Mark Frost and original cast member Chris Mulkey. Additional actors Annie Wersching (Bosch) and Len Cariou (Blue Bloods) are also featured, as is narrator Mat Hostetler.
Of the audiobook, creator Mark Frost says, "I am thrilled that both original cast members and new actors will be coming together on this project to bring this other aspect of the world of Twin Peaks to life."
This program includes a bonus PDF of images from the book.
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Absolutely great for Peaks fans--but still, buy the book.
- mr. s.
Scandalous sound quality
How can you make yourself release this audio book packed with the voices of so many great actors in such insanely poor sound quality? Obviously a 9 1/2 hour audio book in a file of 137,3 MB will offer a sound quality closer to the pre World War 2 and not modern age. To listen to these actors and their voices sounding like they're coming out of AM radio from the middle of the last century is a disgrace. You are doing Frost's book a gigantic disservice, and you are conning people into buying a hugely inferior product. It's a scandal.
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After the release of their single 'Power' The Wisemen crew consisting of two of the finest music artist from this side of the world finally debut their mixtape titled 'Chi-Mode.The 10 track mixtape with features from Jaderah and L'Huit is billed to take listeners on an energy filled ride.Press Play,Find …Read More »
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Citibank Drops Suit Against DA Craig Watkins, Who Will Agree Not to Sue Them Either
Last week was a bit embarrassing for Craig Watkins as his personal debt to Citibank became a public matter when The Dallas Morning News reported that he owed more than $15,000 in credit card bills, the latest in a history of financial whoopsies. The district attorney explained to Unfair Park that he took a significant salary cut when he was elected to public office and that his finances caught up with him. He said the matter would soon be resolved -- and it almost is, pending his signature on an agreement between Watkins and the bank.
The proposed aragement essentially boils down to this: I won't sue you if you don't sue me.
Citibank filed a non-suit that puts the case to rest, and the bank will automatically deduct monthly payments from Watkins's bank account. As long as his account stays on the positive side of the ledger, he stays in the clear as this matter is concerned. Citibank's notice of non-suit reads, "Plaintiff and Defendant previously entered into a settlement agreement concerning the subject matter of this lawsuit, and wish to continue under their prior settlement agreement."
So, it's business as usual after a blip of a public spectacle for which Watkins might have considered suing Citibank, except that an addendum to the original settlement agreement stipulates that he "releases and discharges" the bank "from all claims of any kind" related to this matter. He hasn't signed the addendum yet, but tells Unfair Park he plans to.
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"I've pretty much decided I'm going to sign it just to put it behind me," he says.
The suit, Watkins says, arose from a mistake that occurred when Citibank sold some of its debt and lost track of the repayment plan the parties had arranged. He calls the whole mess "a distraction," and one that he's glad to put to rest.
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The year before the 1984 Olympics was my most intensive year of training. I thought about the Olympics daily, and I visualized them daily. I was not going to wait until the last minute to train. Instead, I treated every practice like a competition. I repeated every move in my program over and over, committing my body to muscle memory. I even let myself get nervous before a run-through, just as I would in competition. I wanted my body to be in sync, right down to the number of crossovers I would do before every spin or jump. I wanted ... (100 of 1,288 words)
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