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Motivation: Large-scale genetic association studies are carried out with the hope of discovering single nucleotide polymorphisms involved in the etiology of complex diseases. There are several existing methods in the literature for performing this kind of analysis for case-control studies, but less work has been done for prospective cohort studies. We present a Bayesian method for linking markers to censored survival outcome by clustering haplotypes using gene trees. Coalescent-based approaches are promising for LD mapping, as the coalescent offers a good approximation to the evolutionary history of mutations.
Results: We compare the performance of the proposed method in simulation studies to the univariate Cox regression and to dimension reduction methods, and we observe that it performs similarly in localizing the causal site, while offering a clear advantage in terms of false positive associations. Moreover, it offers computational advantages. Applying our method to a real prospective study, we observe potential association between candidate ABC transporter genes and epilepsy treatment outcomes.
Availability: R codes are available upon request.
Supplementary information:Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Much of the current focus in human genetics is on disentangling the genetic contribution to complex diseases via genetic association studies. Numerous methods have been proposed for the analysis of genetic data from case-control studies, but very little is available for the analysis of time-to-event outcomes, such as patients' overall survival time or time to cancer recurrence.
The most popular approach to modelling survival data is the Cox proportional-hazards regression (Cox, 1972). However, in the context of genetic association studies, Cox regression faces the same problems as common regression which are related mainly to the size of datasets currently being collected and the collinearity between markers that may exist due to linkage disequilibrium (LD). The simplest approach would be to use univariate Cox models to assess the association between each marker and outcome separately. However, univariate analyses can be inefficient as they do not account for the aforementioned statistical correlation or LD between markers, as opposed to multi-marker approaches.
In this article, we propose to tackle these problems (high-dimensionality and multi-collinearity) by clustering haplotypes with similar hazard risks. The proposed method is an extension of approach described in Tachmazidou et al. (2007), which deals with case-control data. Here, we assume a parametric model for survival times and search for genetic variants, mostly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), that show important associations with the survival times. In particular, we scan the chromosomal region of interest for sub-regions of no obligate recombination, or parallel and back mutations. Each sub-region can be represented by a unique evolutionary tree, called gene tree or perfect phylogeny (PP) (Griffiths, 2001), whose topology approximates the mutational history of the haplotypes therein. Coalescent approaches are promising for LD mapping, as the coalescent is likely to provide a better approximation to the evolutionary history of mutations compared to empirical clustering methods. We use a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to iteratively sample from the PPs that make up our genetic region, and we cluster the haplotypes according to the relative ages of the markers in the sampled PP. The main idea behind our clustering metric is that ancestrally similar haplotypes are likely to have similar hazard risks. After convergence, we obtain the posterior probability of each SNP being a cluster centre, and we treat this as the posterior density of the location of a putative causal variant, since high values correspond to markers where haplotypes are best separated, suggesting the presence in the region of a variant influencing the risk of the clinical event. The proposed method is fast and can handle large datasets with many markers and/or patients. Its performance is compared in simulation studies to the univariate Cox regression, and to the dimension reduction methods of Li and Gui (2004), implemented in the software PCRCox, and Bair and Tibshirani (2004) and Bair et al. (2006), implemented in the software SUPERPC.
Li and Gui (2004) propose a partial Cox regression (PCR) method that constructs uncorrelated components via repeated least square fitting of residuals and Cox regression fitting. From the resulting PCR components, the first k most important are determined by univariate Cox regression. Li and Gui (2004) also suggest that using PC analysis to find the non-trivial principle components and then fitting only these using their method, results in a more parsimonious model.
Bair and Tibshirani (2004); Bair et al. (2006) propose a semi-supervised form of PC analysis, called Supervised Principle Components (SPC). SPC initially computes univariate Cox regression coefficients, and retains those variables whose coefficients exceed in absolute value some threshold, estimated by cross-validation. Using the reduced dataset, it computes the first few principle components and provides important scores for the initial variables.
In our simulation studies, we consider different scenarios varying in genetic relative risk, minor allele frequency of the causal allele, sample size and censoring. The proposed method yields similar localization performance to the other methods considered, while showing a clear advantage in terms of false positive associations. We applied our approach to data from the SANAD (a study of Standard and New Antiepileptic Drugs) UK prospective study (www.liv.ac.uk/neuroscience/sanad) and found potential associations between candidate ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes and epilepsy treatment outcomes.
2.1 Perfect phylogenies
Over genomic regions characterized by strong LD, where there is no evidence of recombination and recurrent point mutations, haplotypes are said to have evolved according to a PP. Haplotypes within these regions can be represented by a unique gene tree that describes their mutational history.
For example, Table 1 represents the incidence matrix for a set of 4000 haplotypes. Columns correspond to six diallelic SNPs and rows are the unique haplotypes in the dataset. Alleles are coded as 0 for the major allele and 1 for the minor allele. A rooted PP assumption poses the constraint that, for any two SNPs in the incidence matrix, not all three combinations (01, 10, 11) exist. In contrast, recombination and back or parallel mutation lead to the possible existence of all three combinations.
When the PP assumption is valid, we can use Gusfield's algorithm (Gusfield, 1991) to construct the gene tree compatible with the data. Figure 1 shows the gene tree for the haplotypes in Table 1. The nodes in the tree correspond to mutations and the gene tree is rooted at the haplotype with all major alleles. Mutations are ordered on the tree according to their relative age. If the causal mutation is embedded between SNPs 2 and 3 say, all descendant haplotypes will inherit it and will therefore have a more recent shared ancestry than the other haplotypes. Thus, the survival associated with the 567 haplotypes that correspond to the last two branches of the tree will tend to be similar. However, the phenotype–haplotype relationship may become more fuzzy due to dominance, epistasis or the effect of environmental factors.
Therefore, the use of the PP model implies little or no recombination in genomic segments and the 'infinitely many sites' assumption from population genetics. We propose to split the chromosomal region of interest into consecutive PPs with window boundaries deterministically defined by the locations where the PP assumption breaks. Details of how this is implemented are given in Tachmazidou et al. (2007). Once the set of windows and corresponding trees have been identified, we use a Bayesian partition model to search through trees to identify those, if any, where the corresponding set of haplotypes appear to form clusters that discriminate high from low-hazard risk, thus possibly harbouring a causal variant.
2.2 Haplotype clustering
We use a Bayesian partition model to split the haplotype space into an a priori unknown number of disjoint clusters on the basis of haplotype similarity. Our similarity measure has an evolutionary interpretation, with sequences sharing a cluster depending on the time to their most recent common mutation. In other words, our distance metric is based on the order with which the mutations have arisen in the haplotype sample. This information is provided by the topology of the gene tree. Therefore, any SNP set selected as cluster centres can be time ordered and we assign haplotypes to clusters according to the relative ages of these centres.
Suppose, for example that SNPs 1, 3 and 5 of Figure 1 are selected as cluster centres. SNP 5 is younger than SNP 1, and SNP 3 is on a different branch, implying that a haplotype carrying mutation 3 cannot carry mutation 1 or 5. Starting with SNP 5, we assign the haplotypes that correspond to the third and fourth branch of the tree as members of this cluster. Only the second haplotype is assigned to the cluster with SNP 1 as centre because, although the third and fourth haplotypes carry mutation 1, they have been already allocated to a cluster. The last two haplotypes are allocated to a separate cluster with centre SNP 3, and the remaining haplotype is assigned to a hypothetical 'null' cluster, which can be interpreted as a baseline risk group. Therefore, every haplotype is deterministically allocated to the cluster with the closest centre. Haplotypes within each cluster are assumed to have similar survival probabilities and risks.
2.3 Modelling approach
Let us assume that the haplotype data can be split into ntr PP or gene trees, that tree T is selected as harbouring the causal mutation and that the haplotype space is currently partitioned into nc=nclust+1 clusters (nc includes the 'null' cluster, while nclust is the number of SNPs selected as cluster centres). Conditionally on tree T, an indicator vector γ represents the partition, with γ=(γ1,…,γnSNPT), γk∈(0,1), k=1,…,nSNPT, such that γk=1 if the k-th SNP is selected as cluster centre and γk=0 otherwise, where nSNPT is the number of SNPs in T.
For a failure time X, right-censored data can be represented by pairs of random variables (t,δ). When the lifetime X is observed, δ=1 and t is equal to X, whilst for right-censored data, δ=0 and t is equal to the censoring time Cr, i.e. t=min(X,Cr). Therefore, δij∈{0,1} is the censoring status indicator of survival time tij for haplotype i=1,…,nj in cluster j=1,…,nc. The vector of responses for cluster j is denoted by Dj={(t1j,δ1j),…,(tnjj,δnjj)}′ and let D={Dj,j=1,…,nc}. Each tij is assumed to have an exponential distribution with cluster-specific parameter θj. Thus, the likelihood of the data is:
A priori each tree is equally likely to contain the putative mutation. Conditionally on tree T, we impose a binomial prior on the number of cluster centres nclust. Given nclust, any cluster configuration is equally likely a priori. Then the joint prior distribution of tree T and partition γ is given by
The posterior conditional distribution of θj is also available in closed form
Upon convergence, we obtain a posterior sample of partitions and an estimate of the posterior probability that the causal mutation is embedded within each of the trees. We then calculate the Bayes factor in favour of association at each marker site as the ratio of the posterior to prior odds (Kass and Raftery, 1995), where the prior odds of each SNP being a cluster centre is evaluated by simulation using Equation (2).
2.4 Details of the MCMC algorithm
We use an MCMC algorithm to sample from the posterior distribution over the space of possible partitions. At each MCMC iteration, we perform two M-H steps:
Change partition: sample a new partition from the posterior distribution of the cluster centres without changing the current gene tree.
Update tree: sample a new tree and a new partition from their joint posterior distribution.
In particular, we use a Metropolis–Hastings (M–H) step to sample from the conditional distribution of partition γ given the data and tree T. We consider two possible moves in the partition space: adding (birth) or deleting (death) a cluster centre. At each move, we randomly select SNP i and we propose γ⋆i=1, if the current γi=0 or γ⋆i=0 otherwise. Thus, the proposal distribution q(γ⋆|γ) is simply 1/nSNPT. Given the cluster centres, the observed haplotypes are deterministically allocated to the haplotype clusters according to our similarity metric. The logarithm of the acceptance probability for the first M-H sampler (
3.1 Simulation study
The performance of the proposed method was compared to that of the univariate Cox regression, the PCRCox and SUPERPC software. PCRCox and SUPERPC were mainly developed for analysing gene expression data. Here, we explore their performance when searching for marker-survival phenotype associations.
We simulated a population of 20 000 haplotypes over 1 Mb chromosomal region with recombination hotspots using the FREGENE software (Hoggart et al., 2007) under the default parameters. From the simulated data, we retained markers with minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥1%. From these markers, we selected 1000 SNPs with probability proportional to p(1−p), where p is the allele frequency of a marker in the sample. In this way, we obtain an average spacing of 1 kb. We then selected at random a SNP with allele frequency between p−0.005 and p+0.005, where p was in a range between 0.02 and 0.3, to be the causal locus.
We sampled with replacement pairs of haplotypes to form an individual's genotype and generated their survival times from a Gompertz(α,β) distribution (with α=1,β=1). The Gompertz distribution (Gompertz, 1825) is a popular probability model for human mortality and it is a proportional hazards model like the Cox model.
Assuming additive genotype effect, the hazard function is given by h(t|Gi)=βeαteρGi, where Gi is the number of copies of the causal allele, Gi=0,1,2, and ρ is the logarithm of the hazard relative risk of the heterozygote, HRR(Aa). We varied the relative risk between 1.2 and 3. The censoring times were generated from an exponential distribution with mean equal to t⋆=1/λ. To evaluate t⋆, we assumed that 5% of the whole population experiences the disease by time t⋆, i.e. P(t≤t⋆)=P(t≤t⋆|G0)(1−p)2+P(t≤t⋆|G1)2p(1−p)+P(t≤t⋆|G2)p2=5%, where P(t≤t⋆) is the cumulative distribution function of the survival times, and p is the allele frequency of the causal variant. We considered a censoring level of 30, 50, 70 and 90%, and sample sizes of 400, 1000, 2000 and 4000 individuals, which at the 90% censoring level yielded 40, 100, 200 and 400 disease cases, respectively.
In all analyses, we removed the causal allele from the dataset and, using the technique described in the 'Perfect phylogenies' section, we constructed the perfect phylogenies in the dataset. The average number of gene trees was 200 and the average number of SNPs in a gene tree was 4.
The MCMC algorithm was run for 100 000 iterations with a burn-in of 10 000 iterations for 50 datasets under different combinations of the simulation parameters. For a dataset of 1000 markers and 4000 haplotypes the proposed method took 14 min to construct the phylogenies and 13 min to run the algorithm on an Intel Xeon 3.40 GHz processor with 2 Gb of memory. The computing time for PCRCox and SUPERPC was 4 and 59 min respectively. An R (www.r-project.org) package called BETA-Surv (Bayesian Evolutionary Tree-based Association analysis for Survival) implementing the proposed method is available on request from the first author.
In the simulated and real data examples, we set the prior hyperparameters as follows: we assume a Gamma(0.1,0.1) prior on θj, j=1,…,nc, and a Binomial(nSNPT,p=0.98) for nclust given tree T. Such a high success probability of the Binomial reflects an a priori belief that each haplotype in the tree has its own risk.
3.2 Model performance
We investigate the performance of BETA-Surv, univariate Cox, PCRCox and SUPERPC in terms of localization, power and false positive rates. To run PCRCox, we first performed PC analysis and we only used the significant principle components (i.e. those whose SD is bigger than 10−10 in absolute value), as suggested in the software documentation. We were also advised (Jiang Gui, personal communication) that the first five principle components were usually sufficient. From these, we estimated regression coefficients of the original variables. SUPERPC returns importance scores for each of the significant variables, which we use to estimate associations. In order to estimate the best threshold, SUPERPC computes a cross-validated likelihood ratio (LR) statistic using the first, the first two or the first three principle components. Because for most of the simulated datasets none of the three LR tests were significant, we calculated scores using three different thresholds (i.e. using the first, the first two or the first three principle components), and we took the mean value of the scores for each significant SNP. Results reported for each simulation scenario are averages over 50 replicates. However, SUPERPC spuriously failed to produce results on approximately half of the datasets under each scenario. Therefore, for this method results are over approximately 25 replicates.
To measure each method's accuracy in estimating the position of an untyped causal allele, we report the probability that the identified location is within some distance from the true location. The position of the susceptibility variant is estimated by the physical location of the SNP with the maximum Bayes factor for the proposed approach and with the minimum P-value for univariate Cox regression. For PCRCox and SUPERPC the causal location is estimated by the SNP with the highest absolute regression coefficient or score, respectively.
To determine power, we define a window of 100 kb either side of the causative allele and calculate the proportion of the 50 replicates having a significant association within the window. The significance of a signal is assessed via the following rules. For BETA-Surv, a SNP is considered to have positive signal when its Bayes factor in favour of association is ≤3 (Kass and Raftery, 1995). For univariate Cox regression, we use two different significance thresholds, i.e. a P-value ≤0.05, and the Bonferroni-adjusted value. For PCRCox and SUPERPC, a SNP is regarded as a positive hit if its regression coefficient or score, in absolute value, is larger than or equal to the upper 90% quantile of the absolute value of the regression coefficients or scores, respectively. We also define as false positives those markers with smaller P-values, larger Bayes factors, or smaller absolute regression coefficients or scores lying outside a window of 100 kb either side of the causal variant.
3.3 Results across a range of simulation scenarios
Figure 2 shows the localization performance of the different methods. Results are averages over 50 simulated datasets under a default scenario, with 2000 sample size, 1.6 HRR(Aa), MAF of causal allele 5% and 50% censoring. Overall, BETA-Surv and univariate Cox perform better than PCRCox and SUPERPC. For BETA-Surv and univariate Cox, there were no significant differences in the distribution of distances for reasonable location errors, with univariate Cox showing advantage for distances >100 kb.
Figure 3 reports the power and false positive rates of the methods for the 50 datasets simulated under the default scenario. Univariate Cox and PCRCox have the highest power, but the worst performance in false positives. BETA-Surv and SUPERPC have similar power, but BETA-Surv has the lowest false positive rate, which is almost as low as Bonferroni-corrected univariate Cox.
In Supplementary Figure 1, we plot the power and false positive rates of the different methods across the various simulation scenarios and over the 50 replicates. In each plot, we vary a simulation parameter along the x-axis whilst assuming default values for the remaining ones. Uncorrected single locus test and PCRCox are the most powerful approaches, having however the worst performance in terms of false positives. The false positive rates for BETA-Surv are very low under all simulation scenarios. The same conclusions apply when we vary the censoring level. The choice of a 100 kb window is sensible but arbitrary; a 200 kb window was also investigated and did not alter conclusions about both power or false positives. Also, using the upper 95% quantile of the absolute standardized regression coefficients or scores for PCRCox and SUPERPC, instead of the 90%, results in lower power and lower false positive rates for these methods, but BETA-Surv has still by far the best performance in terms of false positives.
To show the trade-off between power and false positive rate for the different methods using varying significance thresholds, we plot ROC curves for the different simulation scenarios (Fig. 4 and Supplementary Figs 2–5). The threshold for univariate Cox regression ranges between Bonferroni correction and 0.05, for BETA-Surv from 1.1 to 10, and for PCRCox and SUPERPC from 60% to 100%. The graphs show that BETA-Surv and univariate Cox regression are the best performing methods. Compared to univariate Cox regression, BETA-Surv has a small advantage in power when the association signal is weak, while it performs similarly for stronger signals. However, it has lower false positive rate in every simulation scenario. Overall, SUPERPC has the worst performance in power, whereas PCRCox has the worst performance in false positive associations.
Finally, we constructed 50 datasets under a null model of no disease association and we calculated the false positive rate. For the univariate analysis, this was 5.39% (P-value ≤0.05) and 0 when using Bonferroni correction, while BETA-Surv resulted in a false positive rate of 0.634% (Bayes factor ≥3). PCRCox and SUPERPC had a 10% and 4.80% false positive rate using the upper 90% quantile, and 5% and 2.46% using the upper 95% quantile, respectively.
3.4 Prospective epilepsy study
The ABC proteins are a superfamily of efflux pumps that extract several classes of drugs from the eukaryotic cell. The ABC transporters are currently the focus of a major effort to determine their role in mediating drug resistance in a variety of human diseases including cancer (Ambudkar et al., 2003), HIV (Sankatsing et al., 2004) and epilepsy (Schmidt and Loscher, 2005).
Retrospective studies have reported associations between epilepsy treatment outcome and drug transporter genes (Siddiqui et al., 2003; Zimprich et al., 2004), using individual SNPs or 3-SNP haplotypes. However, results have been contradictory (Sills et al., 2005; Tan et al., 2004). Leschziner et al. (2006b) analyzed data from the UK SANAD prospective study for the gene complex ABCB1/ABCB4. They used single SNP log-rank tests, 3-SNP haplotype analyses and Cox multiple regression with stepwise selection on a subset of the genotypes (due to the problems of SNP collinearity and over-fitting), and observed no significant genetic association.
Here, we use our proposed method to simultaneously analyze five drug transporters genes. For a prospective cohort of 503 epilepsy patients from the SANAD study, 500 potential SNPs were genotyped across five ABC transporter genes (ABCB1/ABCB4, ABCC1, ABCC2 and ABCC5 located in 7q21.12, 16p13.1, 10q24 and 3q27 respectively). Details of genotyping, SNP identification and LD structure are given in Leschziner et al. (2006a). Of the 500 loci identified, only 317 were polymorphic with ∼60% of SNPs with MAF ≥5%. SNPs with ≤1% MAF, showing evidence of Hardy Weinberg disequilibrium (HWD χ21≥ 12) or with ≥10% missing per SNP were discarded, leaving a total of 235 SNPs for analysis (Table 2). Treatment outcomes were prospectively recorded for patients commencing anti-epileptic drug therapy. Here we concentrate on two outcomes: time to 12 month remission (512 observed and 494 censored events), and time to withdrawal from drug due to unacceptable adverse side-effects (194 observed and 812 censored events).
|size (kb)
|size (kb)
We used PHASE (Stephens et al., 2001) to phase the genotypes. Each haplotype pair was chosen at random according to its posterior probability. To account for phase uncertainty, we repeated the above procedure 10 times and we analyzed each of the 10 datasets separately. Gene region ABCB1/ABCB4 consists of 54 trees, and genes ABCC1, ABCC2 and ABCC5 of 67, 14 and 27 trees, respectively averaged over the 10 datasets.
For time to 12 month remission, the proposed method yielded no evidence of association for ABCB1/ABCB4 and ABCC5 regions for any of the datasets. For gene ABCC1, markerwise Bayes factors from BETA-Surv and (−log)P-values from univariate Cox regression, averaged over the 10 datasets, are given in Figure 5. Positive hits from BETA-Surv were observed at 7495.248, 7497.311 and 7536.426 kb with average Bayes factors 3.68, 7.09 and 8.84, respectively. For gene ABCC2, both BETA-Surv and Cox regression identified the variant at position 20312.532 kb (average Bayes factor 4.08 and P-value 0.03).
For time to withdrawal due to adverse side-effects, the proposed method yielded no evidence of association for ABCB1/ABCB4 and ABCC2 regions for any of the datasets. For gene ABCC1, BETA-Surv found positive association at 7548.444 kb with average Bayes factor 3.36, whereas Cox regression reported the SNP at 7549.729 kb with average P-value 0.026. For gene ABCC5, both BETA-Surv and Cox regression identified the variant at position 90194.67 kb in all 10 datasets (average Bayes factor 5.1 and P-value 0.03).
Generally, BETA-Surv and Cox regression yielded similar results. There is positive but not strong evidence of association between some ABC transporter genes and epilepsy treatment outcomes. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other reported analyses or associations between genes ABCC1, ABCC2 or ABCC5 and epilepsy.
We have presented a method to analyze genetic association studies with time-to-event outcomes. Cohort studies are a useful and increasingly common study design, but there is a noticeable lack of statistical methods for their analysis. The method presented here is best suited for densely genotyped candidate gene regions and can easily handle large number of individuals and markers. Compared to univariate Cox regression and multi-marker dimension reduction techniques, our method performs similarly in terms of localization, while offering clear advantages in terms of false positive associations. Moreover, it runs fast and it offers computational advantages especially over methods that rely on cross-validation to determine model parameters.
Here, we assume that survival times can be modelled parametrically by the exponential distribution within each cluster. The use of such a simple distribution may seem restrictive, but offers computational advantages over more complicated models. We have also used the Weibull distribution to model the survival outcome, which in simulation studies offered no significant additional advantages, while increasing the running times of the method.
The incorporation of environmental covariates in the model is an issue that has not been investigated in this work. One possible way of dealing with this, is by fitting a cluster-specific survival regression using the exponential distribution.
Finally, phase uncertainty in haplotype reconstruction from genotype data could be incorporated in the analysis by adding another step in the MCMC algorithm and sampling from the different haplotype reconstructions at each MCMC step before performing the rest of the analysis for the chosen phase. However, this approach is likely to add significant computational burden. A simpler approach, and one we adopt in the application to the real data, consists in repeating the analysis for a number of different haplotype reconstructions and average the results.
We wish to thank Clive Hoggart for the FREGENE population, and Guy Leschziner for collecting the drug transporter data.
Funding: This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust.
Conflict of Interest: none declared.


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>grab Some Crazy Glue And Fix Your Ankle.
Posted by Xaeraz , Feb 27 2010 · 46 viewsWritin'
You grab a tube of Krazy Glue, despite never having heard of it before, and pull your ankle free. From there, you grab a conviniently placed Health-Pak and smack it against your ankle, mending it and returning your health to 100. Suddenly, time stops, and a purple suited janitor walks in front of you, sweeps for a bit, and mumbles something about loseing his ointment.
What do you do?
What do you do?

subset: commoncrawl


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Interfractional patient setup uncertainty and anatomy change are widely recognized as one of the major limiting factors for maximum exploitation of modern radiation therapy techniques, such as intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Up to this point, almost all research efforts have been focused on reducing the adverse effects of organ movement/deformation by attempting to reposition the patient more accurately. Clinically, IMRT treatment plan optimization and dose delivery are still two decoupled steps, with the geometric uncertainties taking into account by population based margins encompassing the clinical target volume, which significantly compromises the success of radiation therapy. The recent advent of onboard volumetric imaging device provides a valuable tool for us to obtain 3D or even 4D geometric model of the patient in the treatment position and allows adaptive modification of IMRT plan during a course of treatment. The objective of this project is to develop enabling computational tools for image guided adaptive radiation therapy (IGART) and to show the potential clinical impact of the new paradigm of IGART. The underlying hypothesis of this work is that IGART will greatly reduce the uncertainty in beam targeting and provide substantially improved dose distributions required to achieve greater local tumor control while reducing the probability of normal tissue complications.
Specific aims of the project are (1) to establish a cone beam CT (CBCT)-based dose reconstruction method for fractional and cumulative dose calculations;(2) to setup a dynamic closed-loop framework of IGART planning;and (3) to demonstrate the potential clinical impact of the proposed IGART. Execution of the project will demonstrate that the IGART is achievable and determine the level of improvement of IGART over the conventional IMRT. Given its significant promise in optimally compensating for interfractional geometric uncertainties as well as dosimetric errors incurred in previous fractions, successful completion of the project should lead to substantial improvement in cancer patient care.
Currently, a radiation therapy treatment plan is produced based on the patient's anatomical model from planning CT images acquired a few days or even weeks before treatment. Numerous investigations have revealed that there can be significant changes in the patient anatomy from day to day due to patient positioning uncertainties and physiologic and clinical factors. This project is aimed to develop enabling computational tools for a new paradigm of radiation therapy, referred to as image-guided adaptive radiation therapy (IGART), to eliminate the influence of inter-fractional anatomy change. IGART improves current radiation therapy by adaptively adjusting the beam parameters according to volumetric imaging data acquired with the patient in the actual treatment position.
|Li, Ruijiang; Xing, Lei; Horst, Kathleen C et al. (2014) Nonisocentric treatment strategy for breast radiation therapy: a proof of concept study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 88:920-6
|Bazalova, Magdalena; Ahmad, Moiz; Pratx, Guillem et al. (2014) L-shell x-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) imaging of Cisplatin. Phys Med Biol 59:219-32
|Azcona, Juan Diego; Xing, Lei; Chen, Xin et al. (2014) Assessing the dosimetric impact of real-time prostate motion during volumetric modulated arc therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 88:1167-74
|Fahimian, Benjamin; Wu, Junqing; Wu, Huanmei et al. (2014) Dual-Gated Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy. Radiat Oncol 9:209
|Azcona, Juan Diego; Li, Ruijiang; Mok, Edward et al. (2013) Automatic prostate tracking and motion assessment in volumetric modulated arc therapy with an electronic portal imaging device. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 86:762-8
|Li, Ruijiang; Xing, Lei (2013) An adaptive planning strategy for station parameter optimized radiation therapy (SPORT): Segmentally boosted VMAT. Med Phys 40:050701
|Meng, Bowen; Xing, Lei; Han, Bin et al. (2013) Cone beam CT imaging with limited angle of projections and prior knowledge for volumetric verification of non-coplanar beam radiation therapy: a proof of concept study. Phys Med Biol 58:7777-89
|Azcona, Juan Diego; Li, Ruijiang; Mok, Edward et al. (2013) Development and clinical evaluation of automatic fiducial detection for tumor tracking in cine megavoltage images during volumetric modulated arc therapy. Med Phys 40:031708
|Kuang, Yu; Pratx, Guillem; Bazalova, Magdalena et al. (2013) First demonstration of multiplexed X-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) imaging. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 32:262-7
|Kim, Hojin; Becker, Stephen; Lee, Rena et al. (2013) Improving IMRT delivery efficiency with reweighted L1-minimization for inverse planning. Med Phys 40:071719
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Lewiston has a population of and is located in county.
For Minnesota residents, the average tuition for all Lewiston management schools for the 2009 - 2010 school year was $19,870.00. For non-residents, the average tuition for Lewiston management schools was $19,870.00.
Books and supplies for management schools in Lewiston cost an average of $1,600.00. There is one management college in Lewiston. In the 2008 - 2009 school year, reportedly 21 students completed management programs in Lewiston.


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La Vie Claire
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Organic and natural food grocery store. Open Mon-Thu 9:00am-12:30pm, Mon-Thu 2:30pm-7:00pm, Fri 9:00am-7:00pm, Sat 9:00am-12:30pm, Sat 2:30pm-7:00pm.
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Home › Forums › TaG › Rotax Max › Lettered Cylinder › Reply To: Lettered Cylinder
Has anyone figured out what the letters mean? Has anyone tested the lettered cylinders and are they consistent and similar, so that we don't have this race to spend the most money on engines?
February 24-26, 2017
Phoenix, Arizona
Challenge of the Americas
March 3-5, 2017
New Orleans, Louisiana
SKUSA Pro Tour WinterNationals
April 7-9, 2017
Sonoma, Califorina
Challenge of the Americas


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Special Industrial Supplies
Mining Equipment, Mining Supplies, Lifting Equipment
- Lightweight and compact design of deep-drawn stamped-steel construction. Thick gear and brake covers that are resistant to external shock and able to work under extreme and arduous conditions.- Free-chaining feature. By simply engaging neutral, the load chain can be pulled freely through the hoist in both directions to attache the load or tension the chain. This feature meets all E.E.C. specifications.- Short hand lever with rubber grip that operates with little effort because of optimal gear ratio.- The free-chaining handle and stop handle are manufactured from durable, synthetic polyamide. They will not fracture when impacted, unlike cast steel components used on many other brands.- The automatic self-adjusting screw and disc-type load brake provides instantaneous brake and reliable action,holding the load securely in any position. Even when free- chaining, the brake will automatically function if load is applied to the bottom hook.- Durable, heat-treated, compact and convenient hooks that, swivel 360 degrees. Top and bottom hooks are drop- forged and are fracture-resistant, When overloaded they will open gradually as a safety indicator, rather than reaching ultimate breaking strength and dropping the load.- Unique "Latch" forged safety latches fitted to top and bottom hooks can withstand up to 30 percent side loading.- Free-chaining stop handle to prevent failure due to exessive lowering and provides easy grip to take up chain slack with the free chaining facility.- World-renowned ultra-strong electroplated load chain to resist wear and corrosion.
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The Cargo Net from SECURETECH is a versatile net that secures your load on the back of your bakkie, double
Lifting Sling Protectors provides great protection thereby prolonging the life span of the sling.
We offer a complete range of safety belts and well as accessories (such as shoulder pads, web safety belt stalks, wire safety belt stalks etc) for your selected seat belt.
Lifting slings are made of low elongation, high-tenacity polyester webbing with reinforced eyes and capacities up to 100 000Kg.
QUICK FIST rubber clamps are the ideal solution for all your vehicle tool & equipment mounts.
Recover Severely Stuck Vehicles from Any Terrain, includes leather gloves, snatch block, recovery pull strap & recovery snatch strap.
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Hotfrog INDIA provides information regarding Viyasoft in Manjunath Lay out Karnataka. Viyasoft is located at LLC 150 Hsr Lay out, Manjunath Lay out Karnataka 560037 and provides Web Design services. Contact them on +91 934 166 5691 or by visiting them on their website http://www.viyasoft.net.
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Can a vegan person get a good meal at this restaurant?
Can a vegetarian person get a good meal at this restaurant?
Does this restaurant offer highchairs for toddlers?
Does this restaurant have parking?
Does this restaurant have a TV?
Can a gluten free person get a good meal at this restaurant?
Is this restaurant good for business meetings?
Is this restaurant good for dining on a budget?
Is this restaurant good for dinner?
Is this restaurant good for lunch?
Thanks for helping!
3 Days in Vancouver
Vancouver Naturally....
Guide to Vancouver Outdoors
We chose to eat here several times during our stay in Vancouver. Really tasty indian cuisine, nice staff and calm atmosphere.
We have a few favourite Indian Food restaurants in the city so we thought we would try and find a new one to like. This was a terrible choice. The food was so boring and seemed old, like the Dhal had been sitting for days. The Samosa was the worst I have ever had. The Gobi Aloo was old too....
We were walking home , decided to take a different route and found India Gate . The restaurant is pleasant , clean and you feel comfortable .
The server was affable and understood our requirements when we asked a few questions .
Having lived in places where authentic is just that we are always hard pressed to find just that...
The food was good. Coming from India for a holiday - this food tasted closest to food back home as I can remember. The roti/pratha/chapatis are good size but oily or buttery. The starters and mani course is delicious. The people waiting on us though weren't as warm as in other places. We were a big group and expectedly noisy...
Called for dinner on our second night in Vancouver. We like Indian and often have it back home in New Zealand. We were greeted immediately at the door by a smiling young lady who showed us to a table and arranged water for us straight away. Our waiter then arrived - a very happy face under a turban and beard...
Excellent tasty and good sized portions. I asked for a Chicken Karahi and peshwari nan which were not on the menu, but they made them and it was sublime. Well recommended.
Went for lunch the other day for the first time in over 20 years. The restaurant was clean, open, right downtown (great for tourists) well priced. The staff was very friendly and the service was excellent.
The food is tasty and authentic. You can choose your "hotness" with the spicy dishes. They have a nice large menu and there is...
Being a Vegetarian we wanted to try an India restaurant , India gate is located just across the main Granville street and station . The restaurant has good ambiance,good collection of wines and choice of vegetarian food ( though most customers prefer non veg food ) The restaurant is Run by Indian Origin people . in our six days stay...
Very good food with a large selection of classic Indian dish. A little excentric on some part of the menu too if your more advanturous and a very nice option to decide the ''spicyness'' you like. The Medium was very light i'm guessing the hot is just right.
I had been to this restaurant in october 2015,they have good ambience,good collection of wines and great food,the papapdom was served without any charges along with beer,should try the paneer butter masala and the nans
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"Fotoplastykon" Fotoplastykon Tip by alancollins
Fotoplastykon, Warsaw: 2 reviews and 3 photos
A fotoplastykon, is a stereoscope for multiple viewers and was a 19th-century forerunner of the movies. It consists of a large wooden drum with viewing ports. You sit down and view the old photographs that slowly move round. The photographs were taken with a special stereoscopic camera which gives 3D effect. These machines were popular up until the first world war. This fotoplastykon is unique because it is the only original working machine and it has been in the same location for 100 years. The opening hours are noon to 5pm Mon - Fri & noon to 2pm on Sat. It may be worth checking first because it was closed the first time I went.
Address: The Warsaw Fotoplastykon, al. Jerozolimskie 51
Directions: The building is situated on the opposite side of the road from the Palace of Science & Culture. You have to walk through a narrow passage to the back of the building.
Phone: 022 625 35 52
Website: http://www.inyourpocket.com/poland/warsaw/en/venue?id=POWAENW0007
More Things to Do in Warsaw (36)
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built works
all Casone's projects
07.05.2009 | Built works
Ambienti da Amare
Exhibition stand Sun 2008
For the 2008 edition of Sun, Frassinago Lab, for Frassinago18 Insideout, planned a setting firmly linked to the world of the sea and the location hosting the exhibition. The result is a huge theme park in which the ideogram of an octopus, stretching to a length of over 90 metres, guides the visitor to the exhibition spaces. In this symbolic representation, the environment fragments into mirrors of water, islands of terra firma and suspension bridges.
> review
18.12.2008 | Built works
"The Quarry" by Claudio Silvestrin
Il Casone stand at Marmomacc 2008
With "The Quarry" project, I mean to express the force, the worth, the soul of rock in its totality, its thickness, its weight, its appearance as form and as surface.
A surface that itself is the co-essence of the rock being.
This project makes us realise that the crust does not want to be separated from the heart of the rock, but rather they exist as a single whole, a unity.
The rock's energy lies in this totality of matter.
Claudio Silvestrin
> review
01.12.2008 | Built works
Via San Nicolò
Urban requalification
Via San Nicolò is today a pedestrianized street joined to a system of squares and monumental public spaces in the center of Trieste, running parallel to Corso Italia, between Via Dante and the sea. The same pavement used in these squares, 8cm-thick flamed Colombino and bush-hammered Aurisina, is extended along the Via San Nicolò.
> review
15.11.2008 | Built works
Villa Brandoli in Castelvetro
Residential building
At the foot of the Apennines around Modena is a farmhouse-type building of ample dimensions, designed by the Bentivogli Studio. The project included a redesign of the main structure and external landscaping using typical components of classical architecture.
> review
07.10.2008 | Built works
Il Casone at SUN
STONE from IL CASONE for "Ambienti D'aMARE"
Among the most important events of the year following Marmomacc and Abitare il Tempo is the Salone Internazionale dell'Esterno or more commonly known as the SUN. Design, furnishings, accessories will be presented at the convention which is dedicated to outdoor furnishings in Rimini from October 16-19. This event sets the bar on an international stage for professionals who work exclusively with outdoor collections.
The event is a meeting place for architects, designers, inventors, painters and interior design specialists as well as members of the university community, construction companies, importers and buyers. Emotion, design, color and innovation are the key themes of the day as the distinction between indoor and outdoor living spaces blurs.
The 26th edition offers an exclusive first look at the summer 2009 collections which include objects in vogue and fusion environments along with unique uses and the evolution of various materials. This first look will provide professionals in the sector to an opportunity to evaluate the new styles and tendencies for the coming months of every aspect of outdoor living.
Designed at Frassinago LAB and created by Frassinagodiciotto, in collaboration with SUN (Fiere&Communicazioni + Rimini Fiera), "Ambienti D'aMARE" which is a world play meaning marine environments to love is a dynamic creation that brings together the most prolific companies focusing on outdoor furniture today.
This collaboration began at SUN 06, two years ago, as it was necessary to create innovative outdoor spaces within the internal space of the convention center. For the 2008 Frassinago LAB, a project was created which is strongly linked to the marine world and to the space that will host the convention.
The designated space will be transformed into an outdoor theme park highlighting outdoor furnishings and similar to a theme park ride visitors will be guided to various areas. In these dynamic spaces visitors will be able to observe outdoor furnishings which are capable of adapting to their surroundings thanks to their composition and form.
The project is designed to look like an oversized octopus that invades the pool areas and with its tentacles as it captures structural elements and objects of design. In this way, the external space of the pool area becomes fragmented into various exhibiting areas and these divisions are represented with wooden planks.
Here is where IL CASONE enters into the scene. It has created the pathways that connect the various exhibiting areas. The stone planks in pietra serena (150 x 75 cm) are placed within one centimeter distance of one another. Water fills the crevices and enforces the underlying themes. The stone appears to float and the material reflects the water that surrounds it.
Within the "head" of the octopus IL CASONE created a unique blue-green painted flooring made from stone panels which harks the colors of the sea. The pavement is interrupted by what appears to be an yellow colored rug but is comprised of slabs of sandstone which provoke the idea of sandy coastlines.
With this project IL CASONE is able to expertly demonstrate how its product can adapt perfectly into an artificial fanciful environment while evoking the idea of nature and strength of the material.
Perfect in its color and texture, the stone of IL CASONE is the optimum choice for architects and designers who seek a strong and intense medium that is capable of adapting to many environments without losing its identity.
01.04.2008 | Built works
Piazza De Ferrari in Genova
Urban requalification
Raffaele De Ferrari Square is located in the heart of the historic center, however it is not aligned with the coastline of the Tyrrhenian Sea which envelopes the city of Genoa. It is a crucial point from which to access all parts of the old town. It is at this point where one may find a raised circular platform from which one might and observe the movements of city below. Within this platform structure, a fountain graces the center.
> review
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14 CFR 93.351 - General requirements for operating in the East River and/or Hudson River Exclusions.
Pilots must adhere to the following requirements:
(a) Maintain an indicated airspeed not to exceed 140 knots.
(b) Anti-collision lights and aircraft position/navigation lights shall be on, if equipped. Use of landing lights is recommended.
(c) Self announce position on the appropriate radio frequency for the East River or Hudson River as depicted on the New York VFR Terminal Area Chart (TAC) and/or New York Helicopter Route Chart.
(d) Have a current New York TAC chart and/or New York Helicopter Route Chart in the aircraft and be familiar with the information contained therein.
Title 14 published on 2015-11-17
The following are ALL rules, proposed rules, and notices (chronologically) published in the Federal Register relating to 14 CFR Part 93 after this date.
Title 14 published on 2015-11-17.
The following are only the Rules published in the Federal Register after the published date of Title 14.
For a complete list of all Rules, Proposed Rules, and Notices view the Rulemaking tab.


text: Vendedor: retrospectemporium (2.996) 100%, Ubicación del artículo: Whitchurch, Realiza envíos a: GB y muchos otros países, Número de artículo: 272440587438 Vintage Retro Silver Reed Portable Typewriter SR10 - Blue - Silver Seiko Japan On offer is a vintage Silver Reed SR10 portable typewriter and carry case.Gorgeous blue colour! It is in very good condition as pictured and appears to have had very little use.We have tested it and it is in good, working order but the ribbon is old and will need replacing.Made in Japan by Silver Seiko Ltd.We have uploaded many photos for you to see. Buy it now before it is gone!


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We slow simmer our broth, capturing the full meaty flavor of beef that is seasoned with garlic and sea salt. The result is a broth that's a rich start for your favorite soups and side dishes.
Oregon's been growing hazelnuts since French settlers – who called them filberts – brought them over on the Oregon Trail in the late 1800's. Today the state grows 99% of domestic hazelnuts.


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SPIRE Institute's military and adaptive training is a great opportunity for disabled citizens and veterans that wish to compete in Paralympic-like activities. Participants train in weekly sessions that are built to prepare for the various wheelchair-adapted competitions that SPIRE hosts such as the Buckeye Wheelchair Games and Veteran Wheelchair Games. If you are interested in military and adaptive training
Military Programs:
Thursdays 11:00am-2:00pm
Fitness Programming for Veteran Competitions at the Buckeye Games, National Veteran Wheelchair Games and Valor Games. Call to register!
Adaptive Programs:
Tuesdays 11:00am-2:00pm
Fitness Programming for Adaptive Athletes. Call to register!
Please contact 440-466-1002 ext 154 or firstname.lastname@example.com to register. A medical release is required for participation.
Copyright © 2017 - SPIRE Institute


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We used to have a Virgin Internet thingy which just used a SIM card in it. Was $35 a month for 10GB, cheapest we could find. Or you could do the hotspot thing from your phone.
We used to have a Virgin Internet thingy which just used a SIM card in it. Was $35 a month for 10GB, cheapest we could find. Or you could do the hotspot thing from your phone.
100GB a month would be ideal. some providers offer this for 60 a month. Telstra is 80 a month for 50GB. 90 for 100. But it looks like Telstra is the only provider in the area.. wonder if I can plead my case to them..
Do you have your mobile with them? Or are you getting a home phone? They often do bundles at a discount and we used to get a rebate off our internet which made it half price. We also pretty much had no choice as the signal from Optus and Voda were too weak where we were.
Also, as I mentioned, this type of connection is much slower than ADSL or broadband. So you may not be downloading as much as you used to. I never use it to download movies or anything. I just get my brother to do that on his speedy connection for me and put them into a USB. Our total usage on two laptops, an iPad and a phone would be 10-12 Gig tops. DH likes to watch a lot of sport replays, which would be the biggest chunk of our data.
Our suburb has a shortage of ports for Internet. It's so bad you get people ringing up Telstra when they see a neighbour moving out so they can nab their port.
Many people in our area use Fuzenet for their internet/TV, so that might be an option, or as pp's have said, use your mobile as a hotspot.
It sucks so bad!
Our new house was all set up for NBN during the build, it's such a luxury, we've never had unlimited data before.
Pregnant for the first-time?
Not sure where to start? We can help!
Our Insider Programs for pregnancy first-timers will lead you step-by-step through the 14 Pregnancy Must Dos!


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Cats with access to the street, often bring on themselves the tick and often has the stuck.
With the animal should immediately remove the parasite at home or take the cat to a veterinary clinic. It is no secret that the clamp - carriers of encephalitis and animals can they get sick, as well as people.
If you decide to remove the tick, follow the general guidelines, be extremely careful and attentive.
You will need
- - Thick nitka-
- - butter-
- - latex gloves.
Wear rubber gloves, or you canill in direct contact with ticks. Then take the car, sunflower or olive oil and apply it on the skin of the animal, where the mite stared. A few minutes later the parasite will have nothing to breathe, and he begins to slacken.
Wrap a thick thread around the insect itselfhead and start rocking it slightly. When you feel that the tick smoothly reeling from side to side, slowly pull the thread. You can get the insect and the usual tweezers, grasping it tightly.
After the successful completion of an important businesstreat the bite with iodine or strong alcohol. Observe the behavior of the cat: if you notice that the animal is not feeling well, as soon as possible show it to the veterinarian. Better yet, turn on the tick test that will reveal whether the insect carrier of a dangerous disease or not.
The animals also give an injection of immunoglobulin, so if you can pay for the drug, do not give up its introduction. The dose of drug required will cost you an animal is not very expensive.


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Posted on 18 May 2010
- 12:00
Ledley King speaks for the first time since putting pen to paper on a new contract at the Club exclusively on Spurs TV Online and the Official Spurs iPhone Application*.
The captain says that we are in as strong a position as ever before having sealed our qualification for next season's Champions League, and he is relishing the next step of this 'adventure'.
It is the first part of a feature-length interview with the defender, the rest of which will be available later in the week.
Don't forget, Harry Redknapp's end of season review is also available now.
CLICK HERE to subscribe to Spurs TV Online...
CLICK HERE to download the Spurs App straight to your iPhone/iTouch...
*additional subscription fee required to view content.
2 December 2016
We are delighted to announce that Jan Vertonghen has signed a new contract with the Club, which will run until 2019.
16 September 2016
We are delighted to announce that Tom Carroll has signed a new contract with the Club which will run until 2019.
6 September 2016
We are delighted to announce that Christian Eriksen has signed a new contract with the Club until 2020.
View mobile site
© Tottenham Hotspur Ltd 2017. All rights reserved.
All photography copyright Getty Images (unless otherwise stated)


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We come together as Buddhists, Catholics, Humanists, [add your tradition here], in between, none, or all.
Consonant with the great intellectual strengths of the University of Chicago, we approach with rigor questions about what it means to live in an interreligious era and to understand the spiritual and the philosophical as integrative for human life and endeavor.
Meditate in the embrace of Rockefeller's great stones or in the mystical space of Bond.
Mindfulness Practice: Returning to Center
Wednesdays | 1:30 pm–2:30 pm | Rockefeller
Cultivate mindful living. Meditation, instruction, and discussion. Register here.
Twenty Minutes Still
Weekdays | 8 am–8:20 am | Bond
Still the mind and body. Meditation for twenty minutes in the stillness of Bond.
Breathing Room:
Thursdays | 3 pm–5 pm | Ida Noyes 034
Inhale. Exhale. Repeat. Take a deep breath during a busy week, day, or quarter. Relax on the couches, talk with a friend, color a mandala, enjoy the quiet of the meditation space, or hang out with Spiritual Life staff—every breath is yours. Light refreshments available, all are welcome.
There are over sixty-four religious and spiritual organizations or other networks at UChicago.
What kind of spaces are sacred to you? Find spaces where you feel welcome and whole, places to help you thrive, to have fun, to be, and to breathe.


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Tapis Turcs Provenant des Eglises et Collections de Transylvanie.
VEGH, J. de & LAYER, Ch.
Place Published: Paris
Publisher: Albert Levy
Description: 30 tipped in color plates, loose as issued in small black cloth portfolio, worn, lacks ties. Paris: Albert Levy, n.d. ca. 1925. Very good.
Comments: Small ownership bookplate.Binding: unbound
Condition: very good
Language: French
Type: Books
Book ID: 243764
By This Author: VEGH, J. de & LAYER, Ch.
By This Publisher: Albert Levy


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That's it ! Need for the movie !
Great one bro. do you give me the permission to use this in my short clip? what should i write?
Really nice
nice one
Hey setuniman,
is it okay if i play around with this in music maker and use it for a group project?
Beautiful sequence! Thnx 4 sharing!! xxx
hello, is using this in a paid videogame would be against the license? thanks!
Great background, I used it in my Scratch game here if you want to check it out:
Great background, I used it in my Scratch game here if you want to check it out:
U R right Erokia it is eerie yet awesome tune thanks Setuniman
An rather uprising, kind of eerie yet wonderful tune.
I could dance to it.
Thank you so much, will use!
This is a great sound! Thanks for uploading it.
chaotic?? :) amazing!
amazing! -1 star for non-commercial limitation. :/
Excellent as always.
Thx !
I used it here...
Lots of Love!
thanks a lot dude!
Duh!!! Ignore my previous comment. Figured out just need to clickon creator's name.
Love this piece and it fits so well with the mood in my film. However, it says non-commercial use. At this point I still do not know whether I will release my film for free or if the possibility of commercial distribution. How do I contact the creator to assess the affordability for commercial use?
its not that annoying... but kind of cool!
animal crossing vibes <3
thanks, that's one is perfect
thank you. going to send link once movie is done. You rock!


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Humbucker Pickups
Results 1 - 20 of 302 matches
Top RatedSeymour Duncan Hot Rodded Humbucker Set
The neck SH-2 Jazz and bridge SH-4 create strong definition with bold, dense tone that's ideal for any heavy...$145.00Compare Compare Now site1prod300030
Top RatedEMG ZW Zakk Wylde 81/85 Humbucker Set
Professional upgrade pickups. <BR/>The 81 has high output for razor-sharp attack and is best for high-volume...$199.00Compare Compare Now site1prod301511
- Open Box:
- $185.07
Best Seller$269.00Compare Compare Now site1prodJ24666
- Open Box:
- $250.17
Top RatedSeymour Duncan Vintage Blues '59 Humbucker Set
Based on the vintage P.A.F. humbuckers of the late '50s "perfect for blues, jazz, and classic rock.$145.00Compare Compare Now site1prod300022
Top RatedSeymour Duncan SH-4 JB Humbucker Pickup
The world's most popular humbucker guitar pickup.Starting at $75.95Compare Compare Now site1prod300035
Top RatedSeymour Duncan APH-2s Alnico II Pro Slash Humbucker...
A warm, moderate-output humbucker pickup set designed to produce Slash's unique recorded guitar tone.$209.00Compare Compare Now site1prod712624
Top RatedSeymour Duncan SH-1 1959 Model Electric Guitar Pickup
It looks and sounds just like a '59, warm and smooth with great sustain.Starting at $79.00Compare Compare Now site1prod300010
- Open Box:
- $73.47
Best Seller$189.00Compare Compare Now site1prodJ24663
Top RatedEMG JH James Hetfield Humbucker Set
James wanted something not only "new" sounding, but also totally new looking.$249.00Compare Compare Now site1prodH73241
Top RatedGibson '57 Classic Plus Pickup
The perfect bridge-position companion to the '57 Classic. The '57 Classic Plus mimics those late-1950s...Starting at $149.99Compare Compare Now site1prod306012
- Open Box:
- $139.49
Top RatedDiMarzio Steve Vai Evolution Humbucker Set
Designed with live gigs in mind, but make great recording pickups too.$214.99Compare Compare Now site1prodH70685
Top RatedSeymour Duncan SH-8 Invader Pickup
Powerful, energetic output with unique brightness.$89.00Compare Compare Now site1prod300070
Top RatedStarting at $199.00Compare Compare Now site1prodJ24658
Top Rated$79.00Compare Compare Now site1prodJ11176
Price DropEMG EMG-81 Humbucking Active Guitar Pickup
Exceptional for high-gain rock leads with high output, consistent distortion, and long sustain.Starting at $89.95Compare Compare Now site1prod301504
Top RatedStarting at $99.00Compare Compare Now site1prodJ01567
- Open Box:
- $92.07
Top RatedGibson '57 Classic Humbucker Neck Pickup
The '57 Classic features Gibson's special Alnico II magnet; vintage enamel-coated wire; nickel plated pole...Starting at $139.99Compare Compare Now site1prod306000
Top RatedSeymour Duncan SH-2N Jazz Model Pickup
For players seeking an accurate, clear tone for lightning-fast jazz runs. Its brighter sound with slightly...$79.00Compare Compare Now site1prod300060
Best Seller$189.00Compare Compare Now site1prodJ24671
- Open Box:
- $151.20
Best Seller$219.00Compare Compare Now site1prodJ24667
- Open Box:
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If you're new to the guitar, you might be wondering what the difference is between humbuckers and single-coil. Before the humbucker was developed, there were only single-coil pickups, (essentially, magnetics) which contained wire that was wrapped around a series of magnetic poles. No matter which company manufactured single-coil pickups, they all faced the same issue: unwanted frequencies and hums. The creation of the humbucker solved this dilemma; by pairing two pickups together, they cancelled each other out and the hum was eliminated (ie: bucked). Another upside to the humbucker's design was that they produced more output, which is why so many guitarists who favor a heavily distorted sound use them. Of course, every guitarist has their preferences when it comes to pickups: some only use single-coils or humbuckers exclusively, while others prefer their axe to have both single-coils and humbuckers (which can be combined for creating any number of cool guitar tones).
To better understand which humbucker pickups are right for you, you'll need to know how each humbucker design will influence your guitar sound. In this section, you'll find both active and passive pickups. If you're a metal guitarist, your best bet is to go with an active pickup because they have a higher output. Need some suggestions? Try the EMG-KFK Kerry King 81/85 Humbucker Set or Seymour Duncan Livewire Dave Mustaine Active Pickup Set.
While active pickups deliver a very balanced sound no matter how soft or hard you play, passive pickups respond to your playing technique. If you want a more versatile sound and play a variety of genres like jazz, blues or early rock, passive pickups are for you. There are many best-selling passive pickup options here, including the DiMarzio DP155 Tone Zone Humbucker Pickup and the Gibson 498T Alnico Humbucker, amongst others.
There are so many humbucker pickups that deserve a closer look, you'll definitely want to spend time here. Swiping out your current pickups for a set of new humbuckers is an excellent way to upgrade your axe and get the tone you've always dreamed of. Just remember that when you're ready to make the change, practically every humbucker pickup you can imagine is waiting in these pages.


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hautepinkprettyStripes x Floral prints on the blog www.HautePinkPretty.com 💗 btw have you signed up for @liketkit yet? Go to www.liketk.it/bnGk or click on @liketkit's profile link & enter your email address, then anytime you "like" anyone's photo with #liketkit, you'll get the shopping details in your inbox! You can also change how frequent you get the emails (like once a day or week) instead of instantly etc. 😘 happy shopping!!
- elizabethkeeneYou looked so pretty! 💗💗
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Baloda Bazar city is a nagar palika parishad in the state of Chhattisgarh . The great birth palace is a very beautiful. Tourist visit palace place in picnic as well as in holidays.
Car or Taxi: visit tourist place palace from Baloda Bazar by taxi or any other vihicle.


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Mentor to Gustave Moreau, his brief career showed his brilliance. Claimed by Ingres to be 'the Napoleon of painting'.
Category Archive: General
To commemorate the centenary of his death, some of the best portraits of the 19th century, and more.
John Singer Sargent's teacher, he was the best portrait-painter of the day, and more. He died 100 years ago: a commemoration.
Not only did he help advance the mainstream Impressionists and their careers, but he led the way in his paintings. Happy 200th birthday!
Putting the entire content of Book 1 into a Storyspace/Tinderbox document, to view the Latin and English in parallel.
Who or what exactly is Cupid? How did a mischievous and rather obese infant come to represent love?
Born two centuries ago, his paintings anticipated and influenced those of the mainstream Impressionists. He even painted from a floating studio.


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5 Minute Bread Pudding for One
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Bombs Away
Sizzling T-wolves defy form in rolling to 105-82 win over Pistons
The story of the game in Pistons red, white and blue
– Minnesota came into Tuesday's game last in the NBA in 3-point shooting at 29 percent, but the Timberwolves stroked four straight early in the third quarter to spark a dominant 38-16 quarter advantage. The Timberwolves made 12 of 20 from the arc in the second half alone as Minnesota went on to record a 105-82 win, the seventh straight home loss for the Pistons, who last won at The Palace on Feb. 13 over Washington. J.J. Barea led the Timberwolves with 21 points in 21 minutes off the bench, hitting 5 of 7 from the 3-point line.
BLUE COLLAR – Minnesota's burly Nikola Pekovic has had some big games against the Pistons and he added another one to his log in this dominant Timberwolves win. Pekovic finished with 18 points and 11 rebounds in just 30 minutes, but the better measure of his effectiveness was the 14 points and eight rebounds he registered in a first half when points came grudgingly on both sides. Pekovic made his first seven shots. Greg Monroe recorded another double-double for the Pistons with 11 points and 12 rebounds in 29 minutes. Monroe also had four steals.
RED FLAG – The Pistons picked up just one assist in the entire first quarter, and that came on a lead pass in transition from Brandon Knight to Greg Monroe for a layup. That was an indication of how stagnant the Pistons were in their half-court offense. In the first half, the Pistons registered only five assists and only Charlie Villanueva, with two in seven minutes, had more than one. The Pistons finished with 18 assists with Villanueva leading them with four.
They heard those diehard home fans who've stuck with them through a disappointing season boo them off the floor at that point.
"They deserve to," said Lawrence Frank, upbeat after the 1-1 road trip last weekend that included hanging tough with the rampaging Miami Heat and winning in the final minute against a Charlotte team that had won two straight and three of five, after the 105-82 final. "We get what we deserved. The fans that are coming out, these guys are loyal fans. We have 24 wins and we only have a handful of home games left. These guys are loyalists. We deserve to be booed. That comes with the territory. We have to give them a better product and we didn't do it tonight."
The last Pistons win at The Palace came on Feb. 13, before the All-Star break, when they beat Washington. Since, they've lost to five certain playoff teams – Memphis, Indiana, Atlanta, New York and Brooklyn – with a sixth loss to the Dallas Mavericks, still on the fringes of Western Conference playoff contention.
But their seventh straight home loss came against a team that's had All-Star Kevin Love for only 18 games all season and has missed other key players – Nikola Pekovic, Chase Budinger and Andrei Kirilenko, foremost – for long stretches.
There were signs of trouble from the start for the Pistons, who couldn't open up a lead on Minnesota early even when the Timberwolves were committing six turnovers in the first eight minutes. The Pistons, coming off a game in which they registered 31 assists on 36 baskets at Charlotte, recorded one solitary assist in the first quarter, a measure of how disjointed their half-court offense was.
"That just shows the ball wasn't moving," Jason Maxiell said. "It was sticking a little too much and we weren't knocking down shots at the same time."
Minnesota's offense was only marginally more productive, though, and the Timberwolves carried a precarious six-point lead to halftime largely on the massive shoulders of Pekovic, who put up 14 points and eight rebounds – big numbers in a half that finished with a modest score of 44-38.
Then Minnesota, with the Pistons turning from disjointed to frustrated in the second half, went on an atypical shooting spree, matching Detroit's 38 first-half points in the third quarter alone. The NBA's worst 3-point shooting team at 29 percent, Minnesota made 12 of 20 from the arc in the second half and finished with 14 for the game, nearly three times its normal production.
"How many of 'em were contested? Not too many," Frank asked and answered. "Not too many. I could tell you how each of them happened, too. We talked about the last two games with our ball movement and our trust, we didn't put a whole lot into the game offensively. We didn't do a lot to help each other. We missed some shots, yes, but we were walking into actions, not sprinting into screens, not holding screens, not rolling hard to the basket. We got frustrated, we didn't make shots, had a bunch of (low-clock) situations and defensively we just totally … so many breakdowns."
If good defense can lead to efficient offense, then this was a night where lousy offense led to leaky defense.
"You have to have the mental mind-set to push through that," Maxiell said, "and focus on the game and get some stops."
Seven Timberwolves contributed to the 3-point assault with J.J. Barea, who led Minnesota with 21 points in 21 minutes off the bench, hitting 5 of 7. Ricky Rubio, who shoots under 20 percent from the arc and had made 11 triples all season, hit 2 of 2. In the third quarter, Minnesota hit 7 of 9 triples – one more make from the arc than the Pistons had from anywhere during that period.
"We just didn't guard," said Pistons rookie Kim English, who played the whole fourth quarter when Frank cleared his bench. "Maybe it was from us getting down on missed shots, but we didn't guard the way we know we can. We've got to get better on the defensive end."
Said Frank, "We just didn't show a lot of resolve tonight."


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Crystal Dunn was kinda bummed about her first Olympic goal. Watch Now
USWNT gets off to a perfect start. Watch Now
Ali Krieger and Whitney Engen try out boxing. Watch Now
Jamaica captain Wes Morgan benched for partying too hard Watch Now
Alex Morgan is back on track again. Watch Now
Piers Morgan will do a 'naked conga' if Giroud scores. Watch Now
Alex Morgan hits 100 caps for U.S. Women's national team. Watch Now


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Doctor insights on:
What Are The Major Symptoms Of Compound Fracture
What are the major symptoms of compound fracture ?
Open wound, fracture: Compound fractures are relatively easy to identify as they are open wounds with a broken bone at the opening. In addition to obvious trauma, pain, and bleeding, a compound fracture also causes the injured area to appear deformed. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
Fracture (Definition)
A fracture is a broken bone. As there is cartilage at the end of many bones at the joint, a fracture may also include a break in the cartilage. Fractures and broken bones are the same thing. It seems that many believe that a "fracture" is a lesser injury or an incomplete break in the bone, but this is not correct. Fractures may be displaced or ...Read more
I suffered a compound fracture of the tib and fib (L) also a cracked patella (L) at age 22 now I'm experiencing "growing pain" like symptoms at age 26?
Be seen: At 26, your growth is certainly complete and so your pain is likely coming from something else. A detailed exam and X-ray will likely determine the cause. Consider being seen. ...Read more
How do I know it is a compound fracture?
Skin wounds: A compound fracture means the skin is broken and the boner came out. If you suspect this you need antibiotics and it needs to be washed out by a medical provider as well as xrays for treatment of the fracture. ...Read more
What are the signs of a compound fracture?
See below: Pain, swelling, difficulty walking, grinding feeling of the bone, deformity of the affected area. ...Read more
How bad is it to ignore a compound fracture?
Potentially very bad: It could be potentially very dangerous specially if the fracture is contaminated by outside material.It could get infected with severte consequences.Every open fracture should be cleaned, debrided if necessary and dressed.Antibiotics is an option depending upon the degree on contamination. ...Read more
How is a compound fracture typically treated?
Surgery: Almost all open or compound fractures require urgent surgery. ...Read more
How long will a compound fracture take to heal?
Compound fracture: Depends. A compound fracture has bone fragments piercing the skin. Healing depends on the general health, the severity of the fracture, the surgery, whether there is damage to nerves and vessels along with other soft tissue, and the occurrance of any complications. Healing may be delayed due to many factors. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
What's the easiest way to get a compound fracture?
Crushing injuries: Major car crashes and industrial crushing injuries, fall from great height, and collision sports often result in coompound fractures--basically complete fracture of the bone with fragmentations at the fracture site--see picture. Live well. Live safely. Protect yourself. Protect your family. Good luck. ...Read more
Compound fracture..What are some ways to treat it?
Surgical: Always surgical.Get a more detailed answer ›
How can one relieve the pain from a compound fracture?
See below: Keep weight off the area and elevate the fractured area. ...Read more
Broken Bone (Definition)
A bone fracture is a condition in which there is a break in the bone. It can be caused by a high force injury or it may result from a previous medical condition that involves weakening of the bone. Common symptoms include severe pain, swelling of the surrounding ...Read more
Compound Fracture (Definition)
Compound fracture is nowadays called an open fracture. Any fracture where the bone comes out thru the skin and is exposed is ...Read more
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The popular implementation of this "learning by repeating" method is flashcards usage. Thanks to the power of technology, flashcard learning is not limited to physical cards anymore. It has been adapted as countless web and desktop applications. One of those online flashcard services is Brainscape. This one is unique because it has a different method of utilizing and presenting the cards.
Deal The Cards
Aside from the standard signup process, Brainscape also allows you to register using your Facebook account. The second option is quicker, but only for those who feel comfortable letting third party applications access their account Facebook Quietly Patches A Massive Security Hole, Millions Potentially Affected [News] Facebook Quietly Patches A Massive Security Hole, Millions Potentially Affected [News] Facebook has confirmed claims made by Symantec over millions of leaked "access tokens". These tokens enable an application to access personal information and make changes to profiles, essentially giving third parties the "spare key" to... Read More . After signing up, you can start using the service by choosing what topic you want to learn.
There are three main groups of topics to start: Test Prep, Languages, and Knowledge Junkie.
For example, you can find flashcards to learn Chinese inside Language.
But my curiosity brought me to Keyboard Shortcuts inside Knowledge Junkie. After choosing the topic, pick one of the available decks to start.
In general, learning a subject using Brainscape is similar to using another flashcard service/application. But the difference is Brainscape only asks users to think of the answers, and doesn't require users to write anything.
After seeing the question and thinking of the answer, click the "Reveal Answer" button to check to see if you were right.
Brainscape will ask you to rate your knowledge of the answer using a scale of 1 to 5. It will use your rating to determine how often the question will be repeated during your learning session. "Perfectly known" answers will be repeated less often than the "Very well" known answers, and so on.
We can see from the "Frequency of Repetition" pie chart how often each kind of question will pop out. The questions rated as "Not at all" known will appear in more than half of the learning session. This kind of arrangement will help users focus more on their weaknesses and less on the topics that they've already mastered.
Create Your Own Decks Of Online Flashcards
While I think Brainscape's method of displaying the flashcards is great, it's obvious that its collection of decks is pretty limited. Luckily, the service provides you with the ability to create your own decks of cards with your chosen topics.
- The first step to creating your deck is filling in the deck's basic information.
- Then click the "Create Cards" button to start. You can fill in more supplementary information if you want to.
There are two ways to create your online flashcards. The first one is by using "Quick Create". This method is great if you only need to fill in basic questions and answers. The second one is "Standard Create" where you can customize the font style and add images and sound.
This is what the "Quick Create" looks like. First, you write down the "Prompt" which will appear at the beginning of each card. Then you fill in the "Question" and "Answer" fields, and click the "Add these Cards" button to add more cards to the set. If there are cards that you don't want to keep, you can easily delete them using the red "minus (-)" button on the right of each entry.
The "Standard Create" fields are more elaborate. You will get all sorts of editing options on the toolbar.
And also the option to add images and audio.
You can review the cards by going to the "Review" tab. There are also options to Edit, Delete, Add Note and View Notes.
All of the decks of cards in your collection are accessible from the "My Library" tab at the top of your account's page. You can see the list of subjects in the left pane and decks of cards under a subject in the main pane.
The subjects are editable. Just click the option button and choose "Edit Subject". You can also share your subject via email by clicking the button below it.
Going Mobile & Wish List
Brainscape's flashcards also available as iPhone apps. But the company made their apps different from other flash card apps. Instead of releasing one app with a library of cards, Brainscape has released one app for each subject. Some of the decks are free while others are paid.
The topic that I used as the example above – Keyboard Shortcuts – is available for free.
The app takes a similar approach to its web counterpart: question, answer, and knowledge rating.
The way I see it, Brainscape's method of displaying online flashcards gives the product a competitive edge against other similar products. Unfortunately, there's still one thing missing. A flashcard application will only really take off if there are lots of flashcard decks from various topics in its repository, and Brainscape's repository is rather empty. If this web service want to expand its flashcards collection, it could use the power of community by letting users contribute and share their custom flashcard decks.
What do you think of Brainscape? Will you use it or do you prefer other flashcard applications? Share your thoughts using the comments below.


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Progressive Piano Chords Book
Progressive Piano Chords Book, A great reference book for all levels. Contains more than 1000 chords arranged chromatically with all inversions, within 36 different chord families. Also contains an extensive body of music theory, ranging from how to read a piano keyboard, to a complete listing of all the major and natural minor scales.
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By Alex Temblador
A kitchen play set has long been a stereotypical "girls" toy due to a long-held stereotype that women are homemakers and the cooks of the family, but boys like to cook too. Just look at the Food Network and their overwhelming amount of male hosts on cooking shows. Go to any number of local restaurants and you will find that many of the chefs or top cooks are men. So why was it absolutely unfathomable to internet trolls that one dad would give his toddler a kitchen play set for his birthday?
Father, Andrew Hook decided to build his two-year-old son, Owen, a kitchen play set for his birthday from an old entertainment center because his son loves to be involved in the kitchen and with cooking. Proud of his son's excitement for his new toy (which is absolutely impressive—this dad did a great job!) and wanting to show other parents how he built the kitchen so they could build one too, Hook posted photos and instructions on Imgur.
The post garnered attacks toward Andrew and Jessica Hooks but even more so toward their two-year-old son! Some of the comments called the toddler a "faggot" while others stated that the parents were going to turn their son gay.
Hook and his wife Jessica did not appreciate the comments by these trolls. "Had the negativity been directed at myself, I wouldn't have given any of it a second thought, but since it was directed at my 2-year-old son, I felt like I had to say something," said Andrew Hook.
And he did, beautifully:
Well, going off of comments I have received both online, and in person regarding my wife and I's decision to make our SON a kitchen playset and several "daughter" comments and "but he is a boy", let me be perfectly blunt. Fuck you. Any time we go to our local science center, or to the children's museum, he always wants to play in the kitchen playset area. He always wants to watch us cook and likes being involved, so we thought this would be a good idea. Furthermore, if my kid wanted a barbie doll i would get it for him. If that is what he wants, then that is what he wants. Its his decision what he wants to play with. Not mine.
You go, dad.
Hook told Huffington Post: "I don't think that what I said changed any minds, but I had to say something. I would say to those people that the world is progressing, whether they like it or not and to just chill out. My wife and I just want to be the best parents we can be, and that does not affect them in any way, so what is the point in being so hateful?"
Apparently the couple has received a lot of support for breaking gender stereotypes, however, Hook says the present was never meant to do that.
"We never could have imagined that this has gotten to the point it has. The project was never intended to break any kind of gender stereotypes, we just wanted to build our son an awesome toy that we knew he would love."
That's good parenting, folks.
Check out some of the positive responses below:
"At first I was like, "Kitchen set…for a boy????" Then I remembered who gives a shit let em play with what he wants."
"why not right? boys have to learn to cook too! I'd rather my boy end up as a chef rather than a paper pusher"
"As a man, at first I thought a cooking playset for a boy? But then I remembered that I do all of the cooking at home."
"This is one of the coolest things I have ever seen. You got skills OP. Hope your son enjoys the hell out of it!!!"
"Best parenting ever. Thank you for not reinforcing "traditional" gender roles. If a guy wants to cook, he'll cook! :D"
"Thanks for showing me how incompetent I am as a parent… But seriously.. It's amazing."
The post Dad Built Kitchen For Son, Shuts Down Homophobic Trolls appeared first on The Next Family.
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Originally published on The Seattle Lesbian
By Laura King
Life can get busy. With work, kids, family commitments, friends, chores, and the general chaos of everyday life, it can be near impossible at times to sit down for a cup of tea, let alone squeeze in an hour of exercise regularly. However, all things are possible if you set your mind to them. Those that prioritize their fitness nearly...
With the passage of marriage equality last year, laws have been quickly changing across the United States. LGBT couples with or without children weren't just given the right of marriage, they were provided new protections and benefits within their families. All of a sudden, LGBT couples and families had to figure out how to file jointly when it came to taxes, how to add...
By Alex Temblador
I recently wrote an article for The Next Family called, "Family-Friendly Films That Feature Adoption and Foster Care," that shared wonderful family films with adoption or foster care story lines. My reasoning behind doing so was because every family deserves a chance to see similar families like theirs represented in various forms of entertainment.
The same can be said of other...


text: Hey. For those of you who were following my post the other day on ebooks and how the name has become fairly if not totally devalued in our industry, I conducted the following test on my list. The conditions and results are below. I used a sample size of 5000 list members from my overall list of approx 50,000 subscribers. The test was blind, by that I mean it was an email pertaining to a new product of mine which when clicked through to revealed the purpose of the test and some secondary product information. The wording and all other variables were the same in all instances except the word ebook was replaced by the following alternates. Resource guide, Strategy, Guide, Digital Guide, Blueprint. CTRs from highest to lowest: Resource Guide Strategy Blueprint Guide - Ebook Digital Guide Note one mail also used ebook therefore six versions were sent out. Few points 1. We are testing on a larger size sample over six weeks 2. This is far from conclusive, obviously. I started this particular experiment out of curiously, my list being highly responsive to my mailings to begin with but any edge factor, as it were, that can increase ctr's is imo well worth the time to look at. I found it interesting that the much maligned "ebook" term scored higher than "digital guide" i think that term is not yet in the mindset fully or possibly an oxymoron perhaps in this context. I welcome feedback or other suggestions for alternate names as I plan to hone this more. I know, get a life etc lol but its a job not a hobby. I welcome suggestions. Lin


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A Private Man
By (author) Malcolm Knox
Format: Paperback
Normal Price: $24.99
Your Price: $22.49 AUD, inc. GST
Shipping: $7.95 per order
You Save: $2.50! (10% off normal price)
Plus...earn $1.12 in Boomerang Bucks
Availability: Available to Backorder, No Due Date for Supply
Private Man by Malcolm Knox
Book DescriptionIt is two days since Dr John Brand's death and his eldest son, Davis, suspects a cover-up. 'Survived by two sons', the death notice said. Peacefully.' But someone has lied- there are three sons, and the circumstances of their father's death are murky. Still, the Sydney Test Match is on and Davis's famous brother Chris is batting to save his career while their mother Margaret watches the broadcast from her armchair. Hammett, the unacknowledged third brother, lurks on the edges, banished but not forgotten. Scattered over Sydney, the Brand's lives and John Brand's funeral are put on hold for the duration of the game- five days of suspense, silences, revelations, recriminations and redemption. Filtered through two arenas of masculinity cricket and pornography A PRIVATE MAN is at once a poignant story of a family's grief, an artfully constructed thriller and a provocative dissection of Australian men and their private passions.
Buy Private Man book by Malcolm Knox from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9781740513289
(198mm x 131mm x 26mm)
Pages: 400
Imprint: Vintage (Australia)
Publisher: Random House Australia
Publish Date: 1-Nov-2004
Country of Publication: Australia
Other Editions...
Books By Author Malcolm Knox
Phillip Hughes, Hardback (November 2015)View all books by Malcolm Knox
An illustrated biography celebrating of the life and career of Australian cricketer Phillip Hughes.
» Have you read this book? We'd like to know what you think about it - write a review about Private Man book by Malcolm Knox and you'll earn 50c in Boomerang Bucks loyalty dollars (you must be a member - it's free to sign up!)
Author Biography - Malcolm Knox
Malcolm Knox was born in 1966. He grew up in Sydney and studied in Sydney and Scotland, where his one-act play, POLEMARCHUS, was performed in St Andrews and Edinburgh. He has worked for the SYDNEY MORNING HERALD since 1994 and his journalism has been published in Australia, Britain, India and the West Indies. His first novel SUMMERLAND was published to great acclaim in the UK, US, Australia and Eurpope in 2000. In 2001 Malcolm was named one of the Sydney Morning Herald's Best Young Australian novelists. He lives in Sydney with his wife Wenona, son Callum and daughter Lilian. His most recent novel, A PRIVATE MAN, was critically acclaimed and was shortlisted for the Commomwealth Prize and the Tasmanian Premier's Award.
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Captive (2015)
( Bluray )
|Captive (2015)
|Rating: 5.8/10 (550 votes)
Director: Jerry Jameson
Writer: Brian Bird (screenplay), Ashley Smith (book)
Stars: Kate Mara, Mimi Rogers, Michael Kenneth Williams, David Oyelowo
Runtime: 97 min
Rated: PG-13
Genre: Crime, Drama, Thriller
Released: 18 Sep 2015
Info: http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3268668/
|Plot: In this fact-based thriller, a single mother struggling with drug addiction is randomly taken hostage in her own apartment by a man on the run from the law for breaking out of jail and murdering the judge assigned to his case – only to realize before the climactic finish that they have actually saved each other's lives.
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