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SIGMA Support for Improvement in Governance and Management A joint initiative of the OECD and the European Union, principally financed by the EU
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1 SIGMA Support for Improvement in Governance and Management A joint initiative of the OECD and the European Union, principally financed by the EU Government Evolving: Ensuring Accountability of Ministries and Agencies Gerhard Banner Governance International German Civil Service College Speyer, Germany The Growing Complexity of Modern Government Modern government is anything but monolithic. The proliferation of agencies has reduced the readability of the organisation of the state, and decisional processes have become more opaque for ordinary citizens who long for transparency. But complexity extends far beyond the fragmentation of government into multiple agencies. In a broader perspective, the state had to scale down its ambitions to control the society on the traditional pattern of a unidirectional hierarchy. In France, Germany and elsewhere on the European continent, the last two or three decades have brought a spectacular shift from the traditional tutelary state to partnership and contract relations, a phenomenon often epitomised as governance. Governance as a particular style of governing refers to the state collaborating with, and sustaining coherence among, a wide variety of actors with different purposes and objectives, such as political actors and institutions, private-sector firms, third-sector organisations, civil society, and transnational governments. This movement towards a networking type of government, often in a multi-level environment, is interpreted by many as an erosion of parliamentary influence and implicitly of the possibility of the electorate to hold the government accountable for its policies and actions. For the management of interdependence in societies that are both complex and democratic, the task of reconciling co-operative procedures with democracy is imperative yet problematic (Papadopoulos 2003:473). The point here is to note that the agencification process on which this paper focuses is but one element in a broader evolution of the modern state towards what pessimists interpret as its inexorable march into a legitimacy crisis and functional ungovernability and what optimists see as an invitation to learn how to manage public affairs more intelligently in a world of growing complexity and interdependence. Ministries and Agencies Constitutionally independent bodies (such as courts, audit courts and central banks) left aside, the apparatus of government may be seen to consist of two layers: the governmental core, i.e. the prime minister s and/or president s office and a number of ministries (often called departments) on the one hand, and a multitude of agencies on the other. A ministry is part of central or, in federally organised countries, state government (in Germany and Austria: Länder government). It is a vertically integrated organisation with a portfolio of responsibilities. The definition of the agency is less straightforward. Agencies come in various forms, with the only common element being that they are not ministries but arm s length government organisations. The typical agency has a single or relatively narrow purpose, and each has substantial operating freedom, even if it is still housed in a ministry. Most agencies, however, are separate from a ministry, and some are free-standing units that have no formal links to ministries. The fact that they are considered part of government excludes by definition private firms and non-governmental organisations, even when they are mainly funded by government entities. Some definitions also exclude government companies and bodies resulting from administrative deconcentration or decentralisation, such as local authorities (OECD 2002:11). The last-mentioned exclusion appears too sweeping and needs to be differentiated. In a number of continental European countries, central or state government legislation has delegated a large array of state functions to the local government level. If the legislation provides for these This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the OECD and its Member countries or of the beneficiary countries participating in the Sigma Programme.
2 tasks to be carried out not as own functions of local self-government but as state functions, the relevant ministry has authority not only to supervise whether the task-fulfilment by local authorities is in compliance with the law but also whether it is appropriate and to take corrective action if it so chooses. In these cases the government undeniably uses that particular unit of the local authority as a state agency. By the way, the creation of agencies is not a monopoly of central or state governments. In many countries the larger local governments have set up their own agencies, often under private law. In France, the typical local government agency is the association, while in Germany it is the government-owned company. The roster of agency functions includes regulation, policy advice, service delivery, tax collection, police work, technical assistance, research, and just about every activity found within government. Agencies differ in terms of size, function (from quasi-judicial to regulatory and commercial functions), rationale for their creation, funding, legal and organisational forms, internal governance structure, accountability mechanisms, and relationships to the reporting ministry. Their characteristics also vary widely. For example, they can be created by the executive branch of government or by the legislature; they might function under public law, private law or both; and their staff may be considered as part of the civil service or come under general common employment law. Organisationally, these bodies have usually been created by: - isolating structures within ministerial departments and providing them with a quasi-contractual relationship with the top hierarchy of the ministry; or - separating them institutionally from traditional, vertically integrated ministries; and/or - providing them with a complete or partial legal identity separate from that of the state. As a result of this organisational and/or legal separateness they are all characterised by some or all of the following features: - a top governance structure differentiated from traditional, vertically organised ministries; - a differentiated control environment i.e. relaxed management, financial, and personnel rules; - some management autonomy (OECD 2002:12). In several continental European countries, most existing agencies look back on a long history, and only a limited number have been added recently. In other countries, the majority of agencies developed in the 1980s and 1990s under the influence of the New Public Management (NPM) movement. The United Kingdom with its Next Steps agencies and New Zealand were the most noticeable reform arenas during this period. The NPM-inspired governments believed that operational autonomy of agencies, balanced with contract management and output-oriented budgeting and management, would increase efficiency, bring services closer to citizens and thus improve service quality, allow the involvement of citizens, private sector or civil society organisations in the management of agencies, and strengthen the state by separating policy-making from operations, thus allowing central ministries to concentrate on shaping policy and monitoring performance. In western European countries, agencies account for more than 50% and sometimes more than 75% of public expenditure and public employment (OECD 2002:16). However, the intricate coexistence of a traditional vertically integrated ministerial core with an expanding periphery of agencies operating under different rules and sometimes playing a different game has only recently been recognised as a systemic problem of modern government. Accountability Accountability in government is basically a political concept, but it has an administrative consonance. It does not carry the moral or juridical undertones of responsibility, but both terms are often used synonymously. Accountability is imposed by the accountability holder (the person or persons to whom one is accountable) on the accountability holdee (the person who is accountable). This is why one can be held accountable for a decision or action for which one does not have to accept personal responsibility in a moral or juridical sense. However, both can appear in combination: a questionable decision for which a minister has to account politically may also be a criminal offence for which he/she may have to stand trial. 2
3 Ministerial Accountability The principle of representative government means that the prime minister and the cabinet are directly accountable to the elected parliament and, ultimately, to the people. In the United Kingdom, where no written constitution exists, a resolution of both Houses of Parliament taken in 1997 indicates that ministers have a duty to Parliament to account, and be held to account, for the policies, decisions and actions of their Departments and Next Steps Agencies. The principle of accountability could hardly be formulated more clearly. While it is generally agreed that a minister cannot be personally responsible for every mistake or blunder made in his/her department and its sometimes numerous agencies, he/she can perfectly be held politically accountable. Incidentally, only persons not institutions can be held to account, and the title of this paper is just a popular façon de parler. Ministers are directly accountable to parliament for both their own policies and the actions of their departments. Perhaps the most direct way in which the government can be held to account by parliament is through the questioning of ministers. The German federal constitution ( basic law ) stipulates that the Bundestag (federal parliament) and its committees may demand the presence of any member of the federal government. The information a minister gives in parliament is expected to be accurate and objective. In the same vein, the above-quoted British parliamentary resolution goes on to say that...ministers should give accurate and truthful information to Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity. Ministers who knowingly mislead Parliament will be expected to offer their resignation to the Prime Minister. Public servants, including agency staff who in most cases remain civil servants working under civil service terms and conditions, are accountable to the responsible minister and through him to parliament. If asked by a parliamentary committee to give an account of government policies, or indeed of their own actions or recollections of particular events, they do so under the responsibility of their minister, contributing in this way to the central process of ministerial accountability; they are not to offer personal views or judgements on matters of political controversy. In the words of the parliamentary resolution of 1997, Ministers should require civil servants who give evidence before Parliamentary Committees on their behalf and under their directions to be as helpful as possible in providing accurate, truthful and full information. The relative operational autonomy given to many chief executive officers of agencies can become a source of tensions when it conflicts with ministerial accountability. Agency chief executives should keep in mind that their managerial autonomy is subject to the important caveat of continuing ministerial accountability. This means that the minister has to be kept informed of matters that may affect him/her and of questions that may come up in parliament or in public. In a sense there is a need to protect the minister. The dismissal of a minister is the ultimate sanction in the system of ministerial accountability. Many constitutions provide for the president (e.g. the German federal president or the French president of the republic) to appoint and dismiss ministers on the proposal of the prime minister. With major scandals or blunders individual ministers sometimes have to incur the blame. The removal of a minister in a crisis is always a delicate undertaking and can easily damage the prime minister and the government as a whole. What pushes a prime minister to demand the resignation of a minister is not always the criticised decision or action itself but the fact that it has made its way into the media and aroused intense public criticism. If the prime minister hesitates too long in removing a minister who has become the whipping boy of the opposition and the media, he/she may risk a public upsurge and a media campaign that might eventually destabilise his government. To redress the situation, the prime minister and his/her parliamentary party group will normally urge the minister to resign, demonstrating to the nation that the government is still firmly in control and able to act. The typical mechanics of a ministerial resignation reveals that the public, the demos, makes a crucial difference. The mobilisation of public opinion actually makes the people the ultimate accountability holder. In closed political regimes, ministers who have fallen out of favour are removed surreptitiously, ensuring that the populace never gets a chance to discuss whether the punishment was justified or not. In contrast, an informed public and a large degree of transparency of government processes are the distinctive features of a democracy. Transparency is the first requisite of accountability. 3
4 Agency Accountability Historically, ministries and agencies have been rival forms of organisation: ministries have multiple subdivisions and responsibilities; agencies have a single responsibility and a simple organisational structure. Departments promote integration, uniformity, rule-driven behaviour; agencies promote diversity, adaptability, and self-governance. Every national government has a portfolio of activities, some of which have no salient connection to one another, but some of which do. National defence and lower-level education are examples of the first situation; the provision of job training and unemployment benefits may be examples of the second case. There is no basis for placing defence and education within the same organisation; job training and unemployment services, however, may either be placed in separate agencies or integrated in a ministry that is responsible for other income support schemes. Having separate agencies encourages managers to give singular attention to their assigned responsibilities; integrating related activities in a ministry encourages managers to co-ordinate their work. Inasmuch as both a sharp focus on services and co-ordination are desirable, there is no permanent solution to this organisational issue (Schick 2002: 36). Over longer time periods, a pendulum-like movement between organisational integration and agencification can be observed. But this is a question of measure rather than of principle. In the modern state, a government with no agencies at all is just as unthinkable as a core-less government consisting solely of agencies. Ensuring correct agency accountability (the accountability of the agency chief executive to the reporting minister) is no straightforward task. In general terms, the parent ministry wants the agency to function in lawful and efficient ways and in the public interest within the authority conferred on it by the founding law or framework document. Whether this can be ensured depends to a large extent on the control environment built around the agency and on its intelligent and co-operative handling by both the ministry and the agency. In blueprint, the relationship is supposed to work fluidly by having policy guidance and procedural rules flow downward and information on activities and services flow upward. Policy-makers would tell administrators what to do (and not to do) and would provide the financial and organisational resources to carry out assigned tasks, while managers would report on their work and on compliance with the policies and rules handed to them. Audits would verify the reliability of reported information, and evaluations would assess the effectiveness of policies (Schick 2002: 39). As there are enormous differences between agencies with respect to service output and political sensitivity, to name the most important factors, the relation between ministry and agency would need to be specifically tailored to come to grips with the steering problems of the individual agency. A statistical institute or a pension fund have little in common with prison services or an employment agency. The first-mentioned agencies are clearly less politically salient, and in normal times ministry involvement, as measured for example by the frequency of meetings between the agency chief executive and the minister or high ranking ministerial official, is limited or even non-existent. The relationship changes radically when a normally harmless public activity abruptly becomes a matter of heated public debate, involving the minister s accountability and potentially even his/her political survival. In practice, the relationship between policy-makers and administrators or advisers rarely conforms to the blueprint. It is usually characterised by more interdependence and less hierarchy. Managers make policy, and policy-makers often dictate how activities are to be managed. As there are no established rules about how to provide agencies with exactly the degree of management autonomy and the mix of controls that best fit their type of activity and political sensitivity, the process is usually dominated by political and administrative expediency and pragmatic choices among the components of a control environment. These components include: the top management structure of the agency, the conditions of appointment and termination of the chief executive officer and/or the board, the content of quasi-contracts (or full contracts if the ministry and the agency are separate legal entities) on the performance (output or outcome) expected of the agency, the details of financial management, the employment and remuneration rules, the reporting duties to the ministry and to the public, and the form of external audit the agency is subject to. The handling of the control environment, be it well thought through or not, can come up against obstacles on both sides, commonly defined as the principal-agent problem. The concept is part of the panoply of new institutional economics, a field that also focuses on transaction costs, incomplete contracts, and other notions to explain why integrated organisations may be less efficient. Nominally, agencies are (as the word denotes) agents of the state; in fact, however, they often act in their own interest, and empowering 4
5 them with operational autonomy may give them license to pursue self-interest and rent-seeking, thereby generating negative externalities. Some agencies actually auto-pilot themselves. The gigantic German Federal Employment Agency was a case in point. The parent ministry was unable to control the agency, even though high-ranking officials of the labour administration sat on the agency s board along with representatives of the industry and trade unions, which had formed a de facto coalition. The board hardly felt accountable to anyone other than this compact and the interests of the organisation itself. It took a public scandal the gross inflation of job placement numbers in the official agency statistics to shock and destabilise the institution. After a long public debate, the legislator merged the two tax-financed welfare systems addressed to persons who were able to work but had run out of unemployment benefits. One of these two systems had previously been financed and administered by local authorities. Only then was it possible to deflect the course of the institution from its emphasis on unemployment benefits and largely ineffective training programmes (where billions had purportedly been wasted) to a new focus on job placement activities, and to impose radical reorganisation and cultural change. The field offices of the federal agency now have to co-operate with the counties and the larger cities, harnessing their attachment to the local firms and labour market. The initial scandal turned out to be a window of opportunity. Ministries often lack the political clout to control agencies. This happens when an agency enjoys popular support and/or has powerful stakeholders or some kind of blackmailing potential protecting it from being sanctioned or privatised. Not infrequently ministries also lack the technical knowledge to monitor an agency. The following is an excerpt of an interview Brian Hogwood and his colleagues conducted in a British agency (Hogwood et al.1999:12): About 30 per cent of our business is commercial. In terms of accountability, this is a key issue. The department...[has] no idea...they have a simplistic way of adding up numbers and a general misunderstanding of the needs of business... I feel that only 70 per cent of our accountability is understood by those who monitor our affairs...we, as an agency, carry quite a substantial EYF (end year flexibility) and we need approval to roll money over to the next financial year. Instead of that being accepted as you ve generated the money, you have good reasons for needing it in the following year...each year we have to argue the same case with the department as to why we have this money. There is no chance of a learning curve with the department because they keep changing the staff. The handling of contract management is another problem. The central innovation in the new NPM-style agencies is their focus on agency output and its monitoring via performance targets laid down in a quasicontract between ministry and agency. Having been given discretion, managers must openly account for what they have done and accomplished. The two sides of the bargain are supposed to be interdependent. In practice, however, it is often much easier to fulfil the first part of the bargain than the second. It is much easier to divest administrative controls than to enforce strong accountability (Schick 2002:41). Giving discretion without measuring agency performance against the expectations laid down in the contract seems to be widespread and could also be observed in German local authorities, which were the first to introduce NPM into German public administration. The fact that ministries display typical weaknesses in the business of controlling their agencies stimulates the question whether all ministries are always willing to monitor their agencies effectively. It is striking to see that monitoring responsibilities are often entrusted to relatively junior civil servants who are no match for influential agency chief executives. This seems to be an international phenomenon. Ministries definitely care more about policy-making than about services. The jobs close to the minister where policy advice is given are the coveted ones because they carry career potential. Allen Schick puts it bluntly: The British government was able to implement the Next Steps initiative without encountering opposition from Whitehall because the big departments didn t care much about services and felt little loss when they were relocated to independent agencies. Why should they care more about services now that agencies have operational independence?...it is not enough for managers to be free. Their departments must actively guide and vigorously monitor what they do. To assess how well the agency model is working one must examine whether the parent department is living up to its responsibilities. (Schick 2002:48) These deficiencies have led to some disenchantment with the purported promise of NPM that agencies given more freedom to manage would quasi-automatically become more effective. This was a popular over-generalisation of the blessings of NPM and an underestimation of the difficulty of implementing its 5
6 elements. In reality an agency may become more effective provided it is monitored in a way which is not only consistent with government policies but also with the nature of its business and the needs and expectations of its clientele and staff. Sometimes these expectations have to be changed, and this takes time and effort. Ministries have only rarely taken the time and provided the staff quality to carefully analyse the situation of each individual agency and to devise and implement a control environment in interaction with the agency. Usually some standard requirements were imposed unilaterally; as these were often of a distant and bureaucratic form-filling nature, agencies felt them to be abusive (Hogwood et al 1999:11). Most important, ministries have often failed to build up the permanent high-quality capacity needed to steer their agencies effectively, and the ultimate explanation may well be a somewhat highhanded disinterest in what most agencies produce: services. However, services and service quality are nowadays higher on the public agenda than they used to be, when citizens were less assertive and less informed, and the chances are that ministerial accountability will revolve around services more often than in the past. The deepening of democracy should not leave the focuses and priorities of ministries unchanged. An alternative to improving ministerial capacity to control agencies could be to move some agencies under a master agency that is naturally interested in services. This kind of master agency can be found among strong sub-national governments endowed with an elected assembly. Where these governments exist, they mainly deliver services. In Germany, the Länder are successively relocating service-intensive agencies to the counties and the larger cities. The problem is that the requisite funds do not always follow the devolution of responsibilities. In France, a similar movement can be observed towards the provinces. Citizens have a more direct impact on sub-national assemblies and bureaucracies than on national institutions for several reasons: sub-national governments are closer to the electorate and to the local media; their responsibilities are more or less narrowed down to service delivery; and the quantity and quality of these services are the focus of voter expectations. Voter interest and regular media coverage of local or regional service issues ensure that elected representatives and mayors/chief executives alike are held to account almost non-stop. A systematic devolution of services with a predominantly local impact to sub-national governments could relieve central governments of some of the strain that is more difficult to cope with at national level. The Crucial Role of Transparency In the introduction to this paper, the question was raised as to whether the growing complexity of modern government, its fragmentation into various agencies and authorities at different levels national as well as international, and the increased networking modes of decision-making could have created structures that are hardly visible, let alone readable by the general public. There is no doubt that accountability mechanisms are necessary for democratic politics because without them elite responsiveness cannot be ensured. Does democratic accountability risk falling between the cracks in a world of complexity and interdependence? Accountability depends on information. In developed democracies more information is available and accessible than there ever was, and the flux of information is continually expanding. At the same time, the room for secretiveness of government has been ever more restrained. Open government means that laws and regulations, government budgets, a plethora of statistics, organisation charts and mandatory reports of government organisations, and numerous reports of audit courts are now all public information. In addition, NPM-practices have generated an explosion of output and performance measurements and indicators, performance comparisons and assessments, peer reviews and evaluation reports that are public record. Freedom of information laws have been voted in many countries with notable laggards like Germany (at federal level) and Britain and unexpected pioneers like Turkey. Most of the information to hold government to account is officially available. But can it be readily used, even by literate and educated citizens? This is certainly not the case. The information is there, but it does not make sense it is not transparent because the pieces are isolated and scattered. The ordinary citizen is unable to put the pieces together in a package that can be used for accountability purposes. There is no general accountability process, except in elections. Day-to-day accountability needs facts and figures to be focused on specific actions or decisions. 6
7 This is where a free press and freedom of expression come in. In situations of public uneasiness a crisis or a perceived scandal the media have the capacity to blend publicly available information with opposition views, expertise, occasional leaked information from government circles, and general public discontent into a story that makes sense and shapes the problem into a case for holding an actor or a group of actors to account. As long as the freedom of the press and freedom of expression are restricted, government will only be as transparent as it wishes, and accountability is not ensured as standard democratic practice. References Banner, G. (2005), Local Government: A Strategic Resource in German Public Sector Reform in V. Hoffmann-Martinot and H. Wollmann (eds.), Comparing Public Sector Reforms in France and Germany, Verlag Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden, forthcoming. Hogwood, B.W., et al.(1999), Agencies, Ministers and Civil Servants in Britain (paper prepared for a workshop of the European Consortium for Political Research, Mannheim, Germany, March 1999). Available at: OECD (2002), Distributed Public Governance: Agencies, Authorities and other Government Bodies, OECD, Paris. Papadopoulos, Y. (2003), Cooperative Forms of Governance: Problems of Democratic Accountability in Complex Environments, European Journal of Political Research, Vol. 42, pp Schick, A. (2002), Agencies in Search of Principles in OECD, Distributed Public Governance, OECD, Paris, pp
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iPhone apps
Wake Up The Box!
Already the #1 arcade and puzzle game almost 10 countries including Canada and United Kingdom!**We've had a few 1 star reviews because people didn't understand the game play. We've made a video to help you understand it at:http://omg….. Read more
What's New in Version 1.3
- In app purchase for new levels
View iPhone screenshots | View iPad screenshots
iPhone Screenshots
iPad Screenshots
Video Reviews
No video review..
Customer reviews
Rated 3/5 based on 3 customer reviews.
2/5 stars
Great App but... paid leves?
Ricardo Sanchez-Saez write:
2/5 stars
Has the foundation now let's build the towers!!!
Fraggleroc write:
5/5 stars
Lot of challenging and very fun game to play
iAppleX write:
Be the first question this app.
Users Community
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subset: commoncrawl


text: Map: Over 200 Bars In NYC Worth Drinking AtReuben Fischer-Baum4/22/14 6:15pmFiled to: drunkspinbarspop chart labFoodspin535EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink The designers over at Pop Chart Lab have put together a sharp-looking, albeit somewhat arbitrary map of over 200 "distinguished" New York bars, broken down by category (click here for a larger version). If you have a lot of money and plan on living in the city for a couple years, you should check them all out. Advertisement The map takes a pretty narrow view of "New York," omitting most of Brooklyn and Queens, Manhattan north of 103rd street, and two boroughs entirely—and even some of the more gentrified parts of Brooklyn are notably bare. Nevertheless, I have been to some of these bars, and can attest to the fact that they are great, and not necessarily super expensive, by NYC standards.Mad that your favorite bar isn't on there? Don't be! You don't want people finding out about your favorite bar. Advertisement [Pop Chart Lab]Reply53 repliesLeave a reply


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Although Penn State's Board of Trustees has yet to decide what to do with the bronze statue of Joe Paterno outside of the football stadium, the views of many others have been loud and clear: Take it down!
Overwhelmingly, there have been calls to the tear the statue down in the wake of the scathing report issued by former F.B.I director Louis Freeh, which implicates Paterno and a small group of top ranking PSU administrators in covering up the crimes of Jerry Sandusky. On Tuesday, the latest call to have the statue removed came from the sky.
Various reporters and news sites captured images of an airplane flying around the Penn Status campus towing a banner that read, "Take down the statue or we will."
Click HERE for a full-sized photo.
According to the Centre Daily Times, operator of Air America Aerial Ads James Miller flew the plane and refused to reveal who paid for the banner.
In response to the airborne threat, a small group of students congregated at the statue to protect it on Tuesday evening.
The statue isn't the only contentious issue surrounding the university in the days after the Freeh report was released. The PSU student group managing the outside of Beaver Stadium where students camp out for football tickets have changed the tent city's name from Paternoville to Nittanyville.
The Morning Email helps you start your workday with everything you need to know: breaking news, entertainment and a dash of fun. Learn more


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Adams Selfstore LLP
Self storage, storage units, Secure Storage
If you're in need of freeing up valuable space for your business or office, Adams Selfstore can offer a fast and cost effective alternative to your conventional means of storing your things. Whether you're a retailer in need of extra space or looking for a place to store archives, goods or specialist equipment which isn't often used, then we can provide a convenient, accessible and secure storage unit.
Specialist tools or building equipment can often represent something of a security risk when left in cars or vans, and because of this a secure, protected storage space can often offer an invaluable resource to those wishing to work without the constant worry of security. In doing so we hope to provide not just valuable storage space, but important peace of mind.
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Whatever your personal storage needs our easy and affordable storage rental units will offer a fast and simple solution to
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Alex Rosenberg is a producer at CNBC, where he serves as the digital writer and editor for "Trading Nation," "Futures Now" and "Options Action." Prior to joining CNBC, Rosenberg was a member of NBCUniversal's Page Program. He has a bachelor's degree from Brown University, and he is a CFA charterholder.
For the impatient, Goldman's options team presents a way to earn substantial profits on Apple before the month is out.
Ship it! The transport stocks have managed impressive outperformance this year.
Far from breaking down, the correlation between crude and the S&P has reached a multiyear high.
Steel yourself: The best-performing stock in the broad S&P 1500 index probably isn't one you'd expect.
Wall Street is obsessed with the possibility of Apple shares soon rising to $150, but options traders appear to view that as a major long shot.
According to one strategist, the Japanese yen's strength may present a signal that "the smart money's getting out of equities early."
Stocks around the world are now battling against a major level of resistance, according to technical analyst Dana Lyons.
There's a big difference between what the VIX does ahead of Q1 earnings and what it does as the actual results emerge.
It's common market wisdom: In scary and volatile times, gold rules the roost. Unfortunately, the facts don't quite bear out that intuition.
The ETFs that have seen the biggest outflows this year are all equity products, while many bond funds have been major recipients of fresh funds.


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Global Wallplanner
Would you like to know about global days and festivals to help plan the curriculum in your school? Our Global Wallplanner is just the thing for your classroom or staffroom wall.
Copies of our free wallplanner for the 2016-17 school year can be ordered using our online form.
- You can also download a PDF of the 2016-17 wallplanner (1.3MB)
- Find out more about the dates featured on our planner and get teaching tips via our online global calendar.
This year's wall planner features 24 colourful, real-life photos on the theme of the 'Social and Solidarity Economy' – a movement that seeks to alleviate poverty through community empowerment, mutual benefit and economic growth. We have also created a free photo-teaching resource based on the photos used in the planner. Download the Social and Solidarity Economy resource here (you will need to be logged in to download it.)


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This thing makes amazing sounds. You may need to tack on an analog or digital delay to make it more pleasing to your ear. I'm still a huge fan and love these little boxes. They will add flair to your stage show and a unique alien quality to your tracks.
Sweetwater Advice
Customer Reviews
Moog Etherwave Theremin
Packaged to perfection. Received everything as expected.
moog etherwave theremin
Nice! Great workmanship and cabinetry. I am new at this, but the instructional video is very good. Learned to play scales quickly, but haven't tried anything else yet.
Moog Etherwave Standard Theremin - AshTheremin in Furniture-grade Cabinet with 3/8" Nickel-plated Brass Tube Antennas More Info...Sale Price: $389.00List Price:
$399.00+ Free Shipping+ Free Tech Support+ Free 2-year Warranty


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Ferguson's Roofing, Gutter Cover Installation, Gutters & Downspouts, listed under "Gutter Cover Installation, Gutters & Downspouts" category, is located at 109 Smith Lane Gatesville TX, 76528 and can be reached by 2544665128 phone number. Ferguson's Roofing has currently 0 reviews.This business profile is not yet claimed, and if you are the owner, claim your business profile for free. If you are not the owner you can invite this business to join by email or by phone.Browse all Gutter Cover Installation, Gutters & Downspouts in Gatesville TX. Discover census data for Gatesville, TX.
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6 User Opinions
"Great android budgeted device . This is samsung's improvement i must say."
"The best phone ever in the world and it is ubdatable lollipop version this phone cannot beat at this price"
"Good phone & android system is best"
"Perfect phone for android users in such low price."
"So recommend to stay with default Kitkat version which is really good."
"Amazing android phone with all the pros and no cons. Prompt delivery."


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Description and amenities
Main amenities
Spacious one-room studio apartment in the very heart of Kiev city centre. It is located just near L'va Tolstoho Square - 10 minutes walk to Khreshchatyk Street. There is a king-size bed, big wardrobe, a confortable sofa which can be transformed into another double sleeping place if needed and open cosy balcony facing the calm yard. Fully equipped kitchen will allow you to cook all kind of your favourite meals. Bathroom has a big corner bath-tub with shower, wash-basin with mirror, w.c. and washing machine. The apartment is equipped with a TV which has a lot of foreign channels, air-conditioner and there is also a high-speed broadband internet connection for business use.
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29 Velyka Vasylkivska Street, Centre, Kiev
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Discussion in 'The NAAFI Bar' started by ten501uk, Mar 20, 2008.
The heart of the site is the forum area, including:
yep she's back,no doubt to complain about the army and her/his treatment.
it's such a difficult world to be a woman (yuk)
You would though, would'nt you !!
Not even with yours.
no way,so wrong in so many ways,might let her bj me though,while my face is buried deep in lorraine kelly!
Sh1t mate, I'd sooner do the tranny than Lorraine Kelly now that is disgusting
Good grief! Shame was heaped upon the matelots with the Ipod fiasco, Crab-Air couldn't resist jumping on the bandwagon, the coppers have their own gay pride and efnik representation and now? Now the Para's want a piece of the action too!
I just hope the Bootnecks and Army can keep themselves out of the shame-frame.
Whatever next!?!?!?!
I prefer pre op trannies as they cant fashion a very realistic mingepiece i would rather suck a hot pulsing c0ck the bang the monstrosity that is a post op's gash
Were'nt the bootnecks involved the ipod fiasco ? , surrended without a fight and admitted being in Iranian waters when they were'nt.......and co operated with the televised propaganda show, don't worry mate they made the shame-frame alright
So you wont be posting on arrse then (think about it)
What grips me though, is having to call them 'she'!
It doesn't matter what they do to parts of the bodywork, they are still a 'he'.
FCS - If you own a BMW, and you change the carburettor (input) and a couple of panels of bodywork, it's STILL a BMW FFS!
I have to contact one through work, and my boss is always bollocking me 'cause I refuse to call 'it' 'she, her' etc.
onI just hope the Bootnecks and Army can keep themselves out of the shame-frame.
OOPs ! Cant speak for the Army but an awful lot of Booties go to Thailand on leave and I dont think its coz they like the food out there......
And then theres Landing Craft Branch......
She is also on Cutting Edge tonight (20/3/0, C4, 22:00.
Get your kleenex ready.
Why, we all having a mass w@nk over it?
well he is ex-para moody, you know him? (before he became a she)
(stands by for out dated digs at medics being gay, pick helves for guard duties (very 1970s), non-combatant (very pre-modern warfare) etc.. not that I care now Im a pension drawing civvie)
Separate names with a comma.


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WE are using this medium to inform the members of the general public and all the candidates who participated in the 2014/2015 Post-UTME screening exercise conducted by The University of Calabar, (UNICAL) that the results of the Post UTME test held in the school campus on the 1st and 2nd August, 2014 have now been released.
All the prospective students of the UNICAL can now proceed to check their results by following the guide below;
How to check UNICAL 2014/2015 Post-UTME Results
All the applicants who sat for the screening test are expected to purchase a UNICAL Post-UME result checking scratch card.
Where to purchase UNICAL PUME Result checking card? How much is UNICAL PUME Result Scratch Card?
The 2014 Post UTME Result Checking scratch cards of University of Calabar can be obtained from the following designated banks at the rate of One Thousand and Five Hundred Naira (N1,500.00) only;
* Unical Micro-Finance Bank,
* Calabar, Wema Bank Calabar,
* Enterprise Bank Calabar, and
* First City Monument Bank Plc.
Upon purchasing your result checking scratch card, you can proceed to check your UNICAL 2014/2015 Post-UTME Result by visiting the University official result checking portal by CLICKING HERE.
When the page loads up, you are to enter your Scratch card PIN and your Jamb Registration Number in the space provided and your result will be displayed on your computer screen.
We will let you know when the University of Calabar, release her Cutoff/Admission List for the 2014/2015 Academic Session.


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For Business on Crete: Lato Boutique Hotel
18 April 2014 | Views:
Heraklion is the town you'll be visiting if you're doing business on Crete. The capital, ...
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Sneaking Leisure during Business Travels
2 June 2013 | Views:
The times when travel was just about enjoying my time away from the craziness at ...
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Dining Out is the Top Leisure Activity of Business Travelers
23 April 2013 | Views:
Traveling for business purposes means you don't have so much spare time for leisure activities. ...
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Business Travelers Are Social and Great Networkers, Survey Finds
13 February 2013 | Views:
Business travelers are very social while on the road, enjoying friendly activities with colleagues or ...
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How to 'Squeeze In' Some Pleasure When Traveling for Business
23 January 2013 | Views:
Traveling for business does not only have to be about work, it can also be ...
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Frequent Business Travel Is Quite Fun, Survey Shows
20 August 2012 | Views:
You'd think traveling all the time for business might be a hassle for those forced ...
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Business Travelers Bring along 3-4 Mobile Devices
20 August 2012 | Views:
When it comes to technology on the move, business travelers are certainly setting the bar ...
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–––––––––––––––––––– Latest Blog ––––––––––––––––––––––
The Shag
February 15, 2017
When I first heard the shag was back, I had flashbacks of Joan Jett and the lovely Farrah. Considering that was the 70's and its 2017 I was excited and a -little nervous- to see the classic cut in a new and improved way! The new shag still includes lots of layering in the crown but its completely customizable! With textured bobs being in last year upgrading to the shag will give you more volume and even more texture!
The new modern shag will have you begging your stylist ...
Continue Reading >
Look no further… The artist for YOUR nailspiration at taj.
February 9, 2017
I don't know about you ladies, but finding a talented nail artist that can replicate your favorite Pinterest picture…typically ends up with your nails looking like they belong in the Pinterest fail category. Now we admire anyone's attempt at some of these outrageous nail designs, but finding local nail artist is hard.
At taj there is a hidden talent, whom studies and practices the artistry of nails. Her work is comparable and just as detailed as that nailspiration picture that you're to scared to pull out, ...
Continue Reading >


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Where does Swahili come from?
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... Tanzania, where does the swahili language come from, where is swahili spoken. Comments. One Response to "Where Does the Swahili Language Come From ? ...
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Where Does the Swahili Language Come From ? Ask; Answer; Write; ... 2008 by Admin The Swahili Language is spoken in ... /where-does-the-swahili-language-co ...
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How did Swahili come to be adopted as the national language in Kenya? ... Kiswahili (Swahili): What does Kuwasha mean?
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"Swahili English: H". In Robb: Swahili English. ... [< Swahili hakuna "there is no, there are no" < ha-prefix signifying negation + -kuna "there is, ...
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The Swahili merchants live in towns, many founded a thousand years ago. ... at various times they have claimed to have come from Arabia or Persia, ...
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Where Does the Swahili Language Come From ? | Learn Swahili. The Swahili Language is spoken in Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Congo, ...
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How old is Swahili and where did it originate from? Ask; Answer; Write; Log In; Sign Up; Beauty; Cooking; Careers; ... How old is Swahili and where did it ...
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Where does Swahili come from? Quatr.us answers questions. Upgrade /Log in. Options ... Because a lot of people used Swahili without being really fluent in ...
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Regarding the history of the Swahili language, the older view linked to the colonial time asserts that the Swahili language originates from Arabs and ...
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Although most of these Arab language loanwords still exist in the Swahili language, English has come to replace Arabic as the primary source for ...
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How did Kenya get its name? ... Where Does the Name "Kenya" Come From? ... settled by the Swahili about 700 years ago.
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Where did the English language come from? Why has it become so popular? ... Many English words used today come from these ancient Vikings.
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In this Swahili course you will learn enough kiSwahili to start conversations and as you go along you will find out it is easy to learn and ...
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Where did the name Kenya come from? When was it first used? Update Cancel. Answer Wiki. 1 Answer. ... Where does it come from? How did Yelp get its name?
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... Tanzania, where does the swahili language come from, where is swahili spoken. Free Swahili Course. Yes i want more information about the free Swahili ...
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Salsa Pronto
Total Time
Prep 10 mins
Cook 0 mins
My family loves chips and salsa. This salsa is so quick and easy to make, and it is definitely a family favorite.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1 (14 1/2 ounce) can Mexican-style stewed tomatoes, undrained
- 1⁄2 cup onion, finely chopped
- 2 tablespoons fresh cilantro, chopped
- 2 teaspoons lemon juice
- 1 small garlic clove, minced
- 1⁄8 teaspoon hot pepper sauce, to taste
- fresh jalapeno pepper, chopped, to taste
- Place tomatoes in a blender or food processor. Cover and blend on lowest speed 2 seconds to chop tomatoes.
- Combine tomatoes with onion, cilantro, lemon juice, garlic, hot pepper sauce, and jalapeno. Taste and adjust seasonings, if desired.
- Serve with tortilla chips.
Most Helpful
This was quick and easy to prepare...the hubby enjoyed it on his burritos for lunch today...along with a side of chips to dip in it...made for your week #11 football win...congrats...
We absolutely love this salsa -- so easy to make and so flavorful. Definitely my go-to recipe for a quick, authenic-tasting salsa.
For using canned tomatoes this had wonderful flavor and it gets better with time! This is nice in the winter when fresh tomatoes aren't available. I used nacho slices instead of the jalapenos. A double batch makes 1 quart. Thanks for posting!


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Hi everyone, I haven't been in here much lately, hope you are all doing well
I'm now 15wks + 5days and had another scan last night... my OB laughed at my clexane bruises "Buggles" is doing really great, no issues so far, the placenta was given a good look at last night and is thus far clot free and has nice even texture and no lumpy bits, so looks like Clexane is doing its job well.
I now can feel 'it' (we know gender now ) wriggling around and morning sickness is finally easing up!
Up until last week I couldn't say I was enjoying this pregnancy, but I'm beginning to now. It is starting to feel real, and possible..... just.
Good luck to any TTCers, and belly rubs to all the preggo bellies!
pa80 great to hear all is well with you and the baby.
and the sex would be???
pa80 that is fair enough, we found out with tyler and told everyone but i would like a surprise with this one.
my mum and best friend are like oh you have to find out the sex, it will be easier for us. ehm but i am not having a baby for you to buy gifts, that is your choice and you can buy them once the baby is born or just buy unisex.
Hi Everyone,
Hope all is going smoothly with you all.
Windupbird - Thanks for the information re NSW safe medication organisation. I am in Queensland but I am sure they have a similiar organisation. I will look into it.
HeatherM - Yay! for getting into hospital you wanted. One less thing to worry about.
PA80 - I am happy to hear things are going really well for you. I can relate to the bruises on the stomach and trying to find somewhere to stick the next needle without a bruise. I am right handed and it seemed I would have bigger bruises on my right hand side of my stomach - I thought maybe it is the angle I am injecting at. Do you find the same thing?
AFM- Went back to ob this week to get a scan and make sure there was nothing left after the miscarriage which there isn't -- good news so can start TTC when I am ready. I thought I would wait atleast a month or two and see what my cycle is doing. Have no idea where I am up to now.
Cheeky Monkey - Hope it is all good with you and you get the all clear to go again.
I was really heartened to hear from the lady (sorry - forgot your name) who just had her baby called Lucy. Congrats. So it is possible for those of us with blood issues to go on and have a healthy baby. Just keep going.
AFM: I just had my BT at the clinic this morning. Got a BFP. hcg=377 so good number. I am 4 weeks 2 days. Thrilled, but obviously still nervous and we will take it one day at a time.
Take Care everyone and have a great long weekend.
mscurlygirl congratulations on your bfp.
after 3 m/c i constantly worry too, i did with tyler and have with this one aswell.
hope this pregnancy is a sticky.
Congratulations CurlyGirl! Here's hoping you have a strong sticky bubba
CheekyMonkey- Good luck with TTC, I hope you get a sticky bubba soon
Pregnant for the first-time?
Not sure where to start? We can help!
Our Insider Programs for pregnancy first-timers will lead you step-by-step through the 14 Pregnancy Must Dos!


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Android webradio application
- Status Closed
- Budget $30 - $50 USD
- Total Bids 9
Project Description
We have an upcoming webradio, we want a simple and good looking application that can be installed on Tabs and Android smart phones,
the application has to be nice, colored and good looking with nice play and pause button and volume .. it will show the track name , the time ...
The app is going to have 4 players each and every player has the same look but of course not the same details, we don't want auto play, the user will have to click on play in order to listen to every shoutcast.
So over all : 1 App with 4 players put under each other.Get free quotes for a project like this
Skills Required
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- Set your budget and the timeframe
- Outline your proposal
- Get paid for your work
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Akay Jesus Ventures Nig Limited is located in , Oshodi Isolo, Lagos. Our company is mainly into Automobile,Car Care,Equipments and offering Compressor Machines, Mowing Machines, Spraying Machines, Car Body Washing. If you have any questions, do feel free to contact us on the details in our profile or view our website for more details.
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Yurikwon (98 yurikwon fanfics)
Chapter Count
One Shots
This is a story… about two best friends… They always with each other… 4 years long they know each other… But one day one of them must leave and permanently live in Paris, France... They Make a Promise…
an one-shot :))
Characters: ~Kim JongIn as Harry Jan
Hi dearest friends n readers... this is my second fanfic I'm gonna write on this asff. I hope you will enjoy reading it. *creepy smile * last but not least do left comment and advice al de time you visit.... thanks C:
Minho is a studious, neat student. Top of the class, well mannered, good looking and comes from a wealthy family. He's a senior in high school, and had accidentally requested a room mate for his dorm from the year prior. Subsequently a rather dorky dressed tomboy named Yuri
우리 결혼했어요 We Got Married Protagonist:조규현, 박유해 Antagonist:이종현(규현), 권유리(유해) Supporting Characters:박지영(가희),빅토리아, 닉쿤
What if a man whom had a daughter fell in love with a girl? What if the girl fell in love with him too? What if there's lots of dramas on the way? Stay tuned... (Hey guys! This is Ari! I've made a
Characters: Kwon Yuri, U Know Yunho, Choi Siwon and Park Jiyeon What if you come to a situation where the person you loved all your life leaves you but out the blue after 2 years he came back to you showing he's in love with you, only to be surprised that he was involve in a car accident and the only memory he still remembers were
" I wish i could run away and never look back.. i wish i could
They are walking with us and we dont know it... They are exceptional beings who would naturally stand out.. Amber, Yuri and Minho goes to a normal school for the first time to accomplishing a task against time.. Another fic by yours truly. Arghhhh its so tiresome to transfer them here.... =.="
It's not the story but it's fanaccounts, pictures and link of the video of yoonyul moment every time and every where... and the fanaccount, picture credit to the owner..
"Hey Sica.." "Why are you so distant from me now?" "You know you can tell me anything and everything"
Do you know what it feels like when the person you're in love with has fallen for your best friend? Well Jessica and Minho do, and Jonghyun and Yuri are about to find out. Will Jess, Yul, Jjong, Ho and their friends be able to fing a way so everyone's happy? I sincerely doubt it.
"YAH!" "Cant you just listen to me?!" "Im your doctor!"
Jessica and her mother , Lee Mi Sook, are running away from a abusive man named Mr. Chang that her mother have been in a relationship with and lived with. When Mr.Chang realizes that the two ran away with his diamond ring, he sends gangsters to catch them. While running away from the gangsters, Jessica runs into Yoona in a toilet stall on the train and tells her to keep the ring for her. Jessica's mother goes and gets it back at Yoona's house and manages to get Yoona's father to ask
so this is my gift for the 888th page of the YoonYul thread in ssf^^ this will be my first official one shot... i'll post it once i'm finished with everything^^
(First and foremost, I got this idea @icrumble, so all hailed to her) Now, I'm back! Not to make another lame fanfic/story but instead
Find out Prince YuRi jouney looking for 10 princess..


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Today I am going to show you how to install Playbox HD without jailbreak in your iPhone and iPad running iOS 9.3 up to iOS 10. I have found a working version of Playbox HD which will allow you to watch latest movies and tv shows for free. It also supports chromecast, Airplay and subtitles.
This method works on iOS 9.3 all the way upto iOS 10. You don't have to roll back your iPhone date everytime you restart your iOS device.
Disclaimer: We are running unsigned code from 3rd party developer in this method and rolling our date back to trick the OS. If you are concerned about the security of your iPhone then I would suggest don't install it. I don't take any responsibility, if you end up compromising any info using this method.
Install Playbox HD in iOS 9, 10 without jailbreak
- Open safari on your iPhone and open this link. If you are using chrome or any other browser on your iPhone then I would recommend using safari.
- You will see a webpage like this. Just tap on green "Install App" button and safari will ask you for permission.
- Simply tap on install and Press the Home button. There you will see Playbox HD getting installed. If you are on iOS 10 then you might don't see it on your home screen but if the precessing circle is spinning then it will show up when installed.
- Now go to Settings > General > Date & time and set the date back anywhere 2014. Any month in 2014 will work.
- Now go to home screen and wait for Playbox HD to finish installing. If you are seeing a ghosted icon of Playbox HD, just tap on it and it will get installed.
- Once installation is done, go back to date & time settings and set the date back to current. Don't worry you wouldn't need to roll it back again.
- Now go to Settings > General > Profiles management and trust "Jilin Huakang…" profile.
- Go back to home screen and open Playbox HD. One thing that you would need to keep in mind is Don't Update Playbox HD. This version is 100% working and will keep working fine.
You have successfully installed Playbox HD without jailbreak on iOS 9.3 and 10.
Alternative method
If you don't mind paying $10 a year then I would suggest you should sign up at Builds Store. They have tons of tweaked apps, games and Emulators. I have mentioned some of the apps that you can get from there without jailbreak.
- Snapchat hack without Jailbreak
- NES and Gameboy emulators like GBA4iOS
- Pokemon Go hack without jailbreak
- Latest build of Kodi on your iPhone without jailbreak
- Tweaked versions of Facebook, WhatsApp, Spotify, Youtube and many more
You can subscribe to builds store for $10/year. That is less than $1/month. Here is a link to them. (This is not affiliate or sponsored link)
If you want to play gameboy games in iPhone without jailbreak then make sure to check our Gameboy for iPhone guide.
Make sure to share this method with your friends over at twitter and help us reach our goal of 100 twitter Followers.


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Hotels in Alvalade, Portugal
Search & Compare Alvalade Hotels
Get Secret Prices on select hotels
These prices aren't available to everyone.
Trending now in Alvalade
Hotels in Alvalade
- Most bookedSanta Bárbara dos Mineiros - Hotel Rural
13 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"After a long trans-Atlantic flight and two busy airports, it was wonderful to leave Lisbon for the country. The setting is in a quiet village; staff was helpful and friendly; dinner was superb! Our room was comfortable and spacious and very clean. Breakfast was continental, with a variety of fres..."
A Traveller, May 2014, CA
Hotels within 20 kilometers of Alvalade
11 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
7 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"A fabulous hotel to stay in everything perfect....comes highly recomended"
A Traveller, Sep 2016, GB
Hotels within 25 kilometers of Alvalade
- Monte da ChalaçaNo Guest Reviews yet
9 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
7 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"A beautiful place but a little isolated. Would be a great place for a relaxing holiday if you didn't want to go anywhere."
A Traveller, Nov 2015, IE
Hotels within 30 kilometers of Alvalade
9 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"For a quiet trip in the country this is a perfect location, hotel is a bit out of the way but the staff were lovely which made our stay all the better. The hotel is new and just set up so take advantage of the special price."
A Traveller, Sep 2015, GB
Hotels within 35 kilometers of Alvalade
18 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"We thoroughly enjoyed our overnight at Vila Gale near Beja. We originally thought of staying over in the town and were reluctant to drive the additional 30 min to the resort - but we were so pleased we did. It is a special place, cannot be compared to a hotel in a city. The staff were extremely f..."
A Traveller, Apr 2016, IL
11 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"The staff were great, and the breakfast (included with the room) was top notch! freshly squeezed orange juice, homemade pumpkin jam, it was all incredibly delicious. The staff reall seemed to take pride in their work. I would say this hotel is the closest thing to getting to that authentic "old" ..."
A Traveller, Oct 2016, CA
- Monte Cabeço do OuroNo Guest Reviews yet
6 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
5 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Best hotels in Alvalade
You can compare all of our Alvalade hotel rooms including the major Alvalade hotel chains using our genuine Hotels.com guest reviews as well as TripAdvisor Alvalade hotel reviews to help find the perfect hotel room when booking your accommodation in Alvalade. We also feature Expedia Alvalade hotels and reviews.
When you book your Alvalade stay with Hotels.com you may also earn free nights on participating hotels by joining the Hotels.com Welcome Rewards program. It's free to join and only takes 2 minutes to sign up and when you stay 10 nights you receive 1 night free*. So even a short weekend break in Alvalade can get you on your way to a free night.
Why use Hotels.com to book your Alvalade lodging & accommodation?
We can help you to find the perfect Alvalade hotel room for almost any occaision. With our fast and secure hotel search you may compare different Alvalade hotels by:
- - Price
- - Location within Alvalade
- - Neighborhoods in Alvalade
- - Nearby Alvalade attractions
- - Hotels in different areas of Portugal
- - Genuine Hotels.com guest reviews for Alvalade
- - Star rating
- - Amenities
- - Hotel name & chain
- - Theme
For every hotel in Alvalade Portugal we provide:
- - Up to the minute hotel rates & availability
- - In depth hotel information and photos
- - Detailed Alvalade maps showing the locations of your hotel in Alvalade and the nearest transport and landmarks
- - TripAdvisor Alvalade hotel review score
And when you make a hotel reservation in Alvalade with Hotels.com we'll send you email and text confirmations with the reservation details of your Alvalade hotel booking along with contact details, directions, information on nearby Alvalade attractions, restaurants and even the weather - and if you get stuck, we're only a phone call away.
To make the most of our service, download our mobile & tablet apps and sign up to our newsletter or follow us on Facebook, Google+ or Twitter to receive the latest deals and Hotels.com Alvalade discount codes.


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[Amis Folklore Great Singers Group from Taiwan]
Description: Photograph of the Amis Folklore Great Singers Group from Taiwan performing on stage at the Texas Folklife Festival in San Antonio, Texas. A dark translucent tent hangs above their heads and a banner that says "HEB" is visible behind them.
Date: [1998-08-06..1998-08-09]
Item Type: Photograph
Partner: University of Texas at San Antonio Libraries Special Collections


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This activity has GetYourGuide's stamp of approval! Exceptional customer service, knowledgeable staff, and a great time guaranteed.
San Diego Harbor Cruise and Sea Lion Adventure
Duration: 1 hour – 2 hours
From US$149 per personBook now
Your Segway tour starts at: 308 G Street, San Diego, CA 92101 (Open in Google Maps)
From US$149 per personBook now
Product ID: 8443


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Lg LS090HYV Art Cool Series 9000 BTU 34 Ton 28 SEER Mini Split Air Conditioner 4Way Auto Swing Defrost Control Jet CoolJet Heat Dehumidifying Mode Indoor Unit LSN090HYVOutdoor Unit LSU090HYV
Photos: Philip Friedman Thousands of products are reviewed in GHRI's labs each year. Many are problem-solving. Many perform well. And quite a few are innovat... Read More
Find, Compare, Read Reviews & Buy the LG Art Cool Premier LS090HYV 9,000 BTU Single Zone Wall-Mount Ductless Split System With 11,000 BTU Online @ Yahoo Shopping Want to see your products in Yahoo Shopping? Advertise with us. Sitemap All Brands
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Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in '2005 Archive' started by KenH, Sep 14, 2005.
Video LINK
What's it about? My computer takes too long to download video and sometimes it doesn't do it at all.
Rescued animals being flown to California to be cared for.
What a ridicules waste of precious resources.