text:
food & nutrition
Wellness: Food & Nutrition
What we feed our seniors has a nose-to-tail affect on their quality of life.
We are what we eat, or so the saying goes, and the emerging science of nutrigenomics (nutrition + genome), puts this adage to the test. Nutrigenomics is the study of how the foods we and our pets eat "speak" to our cells to regulate gene expression, which in turn plays a role in determining if we're healthy or plagued by illness. In this article, adapted from Canine Nutrigenomics: The New Science of Feeding Your Dog for Optimum Health, by W. Jean Dodds, DVM, and Diana Laverdure, MS, the authors consider the ways that applying related discoveries in nutrigenomics can help our dogs gain or retain quality of life as they move into their senior years.
Which ingredients are proven to ramp up cognitive activity in aging dogs? Researchers at the University of California, Irvine, fed their dogs vitamins E and C (antioxidants) along with a mixture of fruits and vegetables to reduce free radical damage. They also included alpha-lipoic acid and L-carnitine (mitochondrial cofactors), which improve the function of aged mitochondria—specialized parts of cells that produce most of a cell's energy—in their diets. The result? According to the study report, the diet resulted in a significant improvement in the ability of aged (but not young) animals to acquire progressively more difficult learning tasks (Cotman et al. 2002).
Other important nutrients also show the ability to improve cognitive function in senior dogs. Among the most studied: milk thistle, phosphatidylserine (a phospholipid), SAMe (s-adenosylmethionine), medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) found in coconut oil, and DHA and EPA omega-3 fatty acids (Milgram et al. 2002, Landsberg et al. 2011, Bensimoun 2013).
Many functional nutritional ingredients don't just benefit one part of the body; they promote health across a wide range of systems. This, of course, makes sense because the body is not made up of isolated parts (as many Western medical specialists would like us to believe); it contains an intricately related set of systems that all perform a complex, wonderfully intertwined dance. Coconut oil, omega-3 fatty acids and many of the other functional ingredients target the body holistically, producing a wide range of benefits from head to toe—or, in the case of dogs, from nose to tail.
Coconut oil possesses many therapeutic qualities, but perhaps the most amazing is its scientifically proven ability to improve brain function in older dogs and people. As the body's supercomputer, the brain requires a lot of energy, most of which is satisfied when the body breaks down glucose from food. However, as we age, we metabolize glucose less efficiently, leaving a gap in the brain's energy requirement.
When this occurs, alternative sources of fuel become important to fill this gap and provide much-needed energy to the brain. This is where medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), such as those contained in coconut oil, can help save the day. Unlike regular fats (which the body metabolizes slowly), MCTs break down and absorb rapidly into the bloodstream, providing a quick source of non-carbohydrate energy.
Further, they readily cross the blood-brain barrier, supplying up to 20 percent of a normal brain's energy requirement; are important for ketone production, which serves as an additional source of "brain food"; and help the body use omega-3 fatty acids more efficiently and increase omega-3 concentrations in the brain—a good reason to give your dog both omega-3s and coconut oil (Aldrich 2009, Laflamme 2012, Wolf 2009).
One study showed that when 24 Beagles who were between the ages of 7.5 and 11.6 years old at the start of the trial were fed a diet supplemented with 5.5 percent MCT, their cognitive ability improved significantly. The dogs showed improvement in learning-related tasks after only about two weeks of consuming the supplemented diet, and within one month, their learning ability improved significantly. The study's authors concluded that supplementation with MCTs can improve age-related cognitive decline by providing an alternative source of brain energy (Pan et al. 2010).
In addition to its brain-boosting qualities, coconut oil is purported to provide a host of other benefits. It contains antiviral, antimicrobial and antifungal properties; helps with weight loss (MCTs increase metabolism, so they send signals of satiety and cannot be stored as fat), improves digestion and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, benefits the skin and coat, and provides a rapid form of non-carbohydrate energy (Aldrich 2009, Wolf 2009).
The coconut oil you select should be unrefined (virgin) and expeller- or cold pressed. Processed, heat-treated foods lose their natural life-giving nutritional force. If possible, choose organic brands to avoid potential contamination from pesticides.
Coconut oil does not need to be stored in the refrigerator, but since it is light sensitive (like all oils), it's best to keep it in a dark cupboard. Dark glass containers are excellent storage choices, as they protect the oil from light while also ensuring that no bisphenol-As (BPAs) leach into the product.
There are many ways to incorporate coconut oil into your dog's diet. Try mixing a tablespoon into some goat- or sheep's-milk yogurt, or adding a dollop on top of some fresh organic blueberries. You can even scoop it straight from the container and let him lick the spoon. Dogs love the taste!
Studies show that coconut oil fed as 10 percent or less of your dog's diet poses no digestive or other health issues (Aldrich 2009).
The omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA fight obesity, decrease inflammation, combat arthritis and cancer, and promote overall health, so it should come as no surprise that DHA and EPA also benefit brain health—especially since the brain is made up of as much as 60 percent fat (Mercola 2012).
About 20 percent of the brain's cerebral cortex (the outermost layered structure of neural tissue) is made up of DHA, which also provides structural support to neurons (the cells that make up the central nervous system). Studies in people show that supplementation with DHA is beneficial in supporting cognitive health in aging brains, and that inadequate levels can cause neurons to become stiff, hindering proper neurotransmission both within and between cells (Mercola 2012, Yurko-Mauro 2010).
A study of 48 Beagle puppies showed that dietary fortification of fish oil rich in DHA following weaning resulted in improved cognitive learning, memory, psychomotor, immunologic and retinal functions during the developmental stage. The high-DHA food also contained higher concentrations of the antioxidant vitamin E, taurine, choline and l-carnitine, which may also have played a positive role on the puppies' development (Zicker et al. 2012).
EPA, along with DHA, can also benefit mood. As anyone who has cared for an elderly relative or friend knows, depression is a common side effect of age-related cognitive decline. EPA from marine sources such as fish oil can decrease cytokines associated with depression (Mercola 2012).
Silibinin extracted from the seeds of the milk thistle plant shows tremendous promise as a therapeutic agent to treat cancer, but its benefits don't stop there. It also prevents impairment of both short-term memory and recognition memory in mice injected with a highly toxic peptide fragment called Aβ25–35, which exerts neurotoxic properties. Silibinin works as an antioxidant, protecting the hippocampus (the part of the brain associated with memory) against oxidative damage caused by this powerful neurotoxin (Lu et al. 2009).
Phosphatidylserine is a phospholipid, a class of lipids (fats) that makes up a major part of cell membranes. Synthetic phosphatidylserine was once derived from cows' brains, but due to concerns about mad cow disease, it is now manufactured primarily from soy lecithin.
Until November 2004, the FDA held the position that phosphatidylserine showed no benefit in people with cognitive dysfunction, citing a lack of credible scientific evidence. However, on November 24, 2004, they changed their position. In a document titled "Letter Updating the Phosphatidylserine and Cognitive Function and Dementia Qualified Health Claim," the FDA acknowledged studies demonstrating the beneficial effects of phosphatidylserine for individuals at risk of dementia and cognitive dysfunction, and admitted that there is "credible evidence" for its use.
Senilife, manufactured by Ceva Animal Health, combines phosphatidylserine with ginkgo biloba, vitamin E, pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and grape-skin extract. According to the company's studies, Senilife improves several signs of canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD), decreasing sleeping problems, apathy and disorientation, and increasing playful behavior and response to commands. According to Ceva, dogs began showing improvement within seven days of taking Senilife (Straus 2012).
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic signaling tool for normal gene expression. SAMe (s-adenosylmethionine) is the brain's major methyl donor and is responsible for forming a variety of compounds, including proteins, nuerotransmitters, phospholipids, glutathione, myelin, coenzyme Q-10, carnitine and creatine (Brogan 2013, Messonnier n.d.).
SAMe also improves neuron membrane fluidity and increases levels of serotonin and dopamine metabolites (Messonnier n.d.). In several human studies, reduced SAMe concentrations were detected in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, indicating that a methyl-group deficiency in the central nervous system may play a part in causing the disease (Bottiglieri 2002). Supplementation with SAMe has also been shown to effectively reduce the symptoms of depression in people—and might even be as beneficial as some prescription antidepressants.
Novifit, a SAMe supplement manufactured by Virbac Animal Health, has undergone testing in senior dogs with signs of CCD. Novifit showed favorable results beginning after just one month of testing on client-owned dogs, including a 44 percent reduction in problem behaviors, including a reduction in house soiling, after both four and eight weeks (compared to 24 percent in the placebo group); marked improvement in activity and playfulness; significant increase in awareness; and decreased sleep problems, disorientation and confusion. A separate study on laboratory dogs supplemented with Novifit showed improvement in cognitive processes, including attention and problem solving (Straus 2012).
Denosyl, manufactured by Nutramax Laboratories, is another SAMe product marketed to support liver and brain health.
SAMe works in conjunction with the methyl donors folate and vitamin B12, so supplementing with a B-complex vitamin is also advised. People with bipolar disorder, migraine headaches, Parkinson's disease and active bleeding, as well as those on prescription antidepressants, should not take SAMe. While the contraindications in dogs are not known, similar precautions should be followed. We advise starting with a very low dose and monitoring your dog for adverse effects, which in people have been noted to include anxiety, restlessness, insomnia and mania (Messonnier n.d.).
Antioxidants also benefit the cognitive health of senior dogs. Anthocyanins, the phytochemical compounds that give berries their pigment, are a rich source of antioxidants. Anthocyanins can protect against—and even reverse—declines in cognitive function due to age-related oxidative stress (Joseph 1999, Lila 2004, Mercola 2012).
Anthocyanins are credited with enhancing memory, helping prevent age-related declines in neural function, and modulating cognitive and motor function (Lila 2004).
And here's a reason to consider removing gluten from your senior dog's diet: gluten sensitivity in people has been linked with impairment of brain function, including learning disabilities, attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and memory problems. Gluten sensitivity may even manifest exclusively as a neurological disease, without any gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms.
The link between gluten sensitivity and impairment of brain function makes perfect sense, according to David Perlmutter, MD, FACN, ABIHM, a board-certified neurologist and fellow of the American College of Nutrition as well as the author of Grain Brain: The Surprising Truth about Wheat, Carbs, and Sugar—Your Brain's Silent Killers.
Perlmutter points out that the body's antibody response to gliadin, a protein in gluten, results in elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines that are present in Alzheimer's disease and other neurological conditions, such as Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis and autism. The last thing your aging dog needs is a cascade of brain-related inflammation. For this and many other reasons, we advise removing gluten from your dog's diet.
We'd also like to point out an important non-nutritional aspect of canine cognitive health: mental stimulation. Just as with humans, dogs "use it or lose it" when it comes to their cognitive ability. And, while your canine companion can't pick up the latest New York Times crossword puzzle, he can engage in a variety of mentally challenging "dog brain games."
Don't for a second believe the old adage, "you can't teach an old dog new tricks." It's not true! Old dogs are wonderful students, and most love to learn. There are lots of great books and articles with fun tricks you can teach your dog, which will not only help keep his brain young, but will also add a new dimension to your relationship and deepen the bond the two of you share.
Adapted from Canine Nutrigenomics: The New Science of Feeding Your Dog for Optimum Health (Dogwise Publishing). © 2015 by W. Jean Dodds, DVM; Diana R. Laverdure, MS. Used with permission.
Wellness: Recipes
For about a year, I've been supplementing our dogs' quality kibble with homemade turkey burgers (along with whole-wheat pasta and cooked vegetables). Our three dogs eat twice a day; at each meal, our largest dog (45 pounds) gets half a burger, while the two smaller ones (30 and 25 pounds) roughly share the other half.
I developed the recipe myself, and while I tried to cover the bases in terms of appropriate canine nutrition, I had no particular agenda in mind—I mostly just wanted to make our dogs' meals a little more interesting for them. Curious about the burgers' nutritional value, I turned to Roschelle Heuberger, PhD, RD, professor at Central Michigan University and devoted Akita person, to find out how my culinary experiment stacked up.The Recipe
Turkey Burgers
Makes approx. 36 3-inch patties, each about 3.5 ounces
Total prep time: 20 minutes
Total cooking time: 1 hour
Preheat oven to 400°
Mix well, making sure all the ingredients are completely incorporated. Shape into 3-inch patties, place on lightly oiled (with spray oil), rimmed baking sheet(s). Optional: Spread little ketchup (about 1/8 tsp.) on top of each patty.
Bake 45 minutes to 1 hour. A longer baking time will produce a drier and easier-to-crumble burger.
Tip: Deglaze the baking sheet with water, which makes a great gravy that can be used to moisten the meal. This recipe makes around 1 1/2 to 2 cups of this gravy. It's also an easy way to help clean the baking pan.The Analysis
By Roschelle Heuberger, PhD, RD
There is much controversy within the veterinary nutritionist community about commercial pet food and home cooking. And, since manufacturing standards for canine food are so much different than those we apply in our own kitchens, it's difficult to make an "apples-to-apples" comparison. Nonetheless, using proprietary nutrition software, it's possible to determine the relative values of the major food components of Claudia's recipe with those found in commercially produced dog food (in parens).
Analysis (per patty)
Note: All measurements are given in terms of 100 kilocalories (kcals) against measurement standards used by commercial food manufacturers.
Protein: 7.5 grams (8 grams is considered high protein)
Calories: 5.3 kcals (5 or more kcals is considered high calorie)
Fat: 2 grams (a low-fat food contains less than 2 grams, so this is neither high nor low)
Sodium: 30 mg (anything less than 100 mg per serving is considered low-sodium)
Fiber: 0.75 grams (neither high nor low)
Moisture loss with one hour covered cooking time is approximately 10 to 15 percent. High heat and long cooking time will destroy 90 percent of the thiamin and up to 50 percent of some of the other B vitamins in the burgers. On the bright side, it will also kill pathogens, so you don't have to worry about the contamination that's a concern when it comes to undercooked meats.
The Verdict
Used as a "topper" to both to increase palatability and provide calories, protein and other nutrients, the turkey burger is a great addition to a complete commercial dog food. Feeding turkey burgers as toppers may also be helpful for older dogs, who often have poor appetites, or dogs who have been ill or malnourished. In those cases, the turkey burger need not replace the commercial food, but rather, could be fed in addition to it.
As the recipe is given, it would not be advisable to feed turkey burgers as the sole source of nutrition because they may be too high-calorie for some dogs, and also because they're missing some of the other nutrients dogs need. Obesity is becoming an epidemic among dogs, as it is in humans. Caloric restriction and regular exercise are important for weight maintenance, particularly as a dog ages.
As always, choose the best commercial food you can afford. To educate yourself on the options and issues, try out one of the online dog food evaluators; Dogfoodadvisor.com is a good place to start.
The Background: Canine Nutrition
Dogs, who are omnivorous, require the same sorts of major nutrients—proteins, carbohydrates and fats, and vitamins and minerals—as human omnivores, but in different ratios. For example, they have an absolute requirement for linoleic acid, an essential fatty acid, and for nearly a dozen amino acids, the building blocks of protein. These amino acids range from the complex (arginine and phenylalanine) to simple (leucine and valine).
We and our four-legged companions get all 22 amino acids from protein sources such as eggs or meats, which contain varying percentages of each one. Some protein sources contain most of them, others only a fraction. Meats, eggs and fish are among the best sources of complete amino acids, and their proteins are highly digestible; this means that the amino acids are absorbed more readily from the gut.
Standards for minimal nutritional composition of food for dogs are based on percentages, which are determined by a dog's physiological status; the percentages are higher for dogs during growth, reproduction and lactation stages, and increase as the weight of the animal increases. Usually, the amount fed to achieve the minimal percentages required for maintenance of normal physiological function in the dog is based on dry matter per kilogram of body weight. That is why labels that show the number of cups of food to be fed per day base the measurement on the size of the dog. Companies formulate their foods to provide a specific amount of protein, linoleic acid, and calcium-to-phosphorus ratio.
If you're cooking for your dog and want to do your own analysis, a number of websites allow you to do that, but none can be considered foolproof. For example, there's the USDA Nutrient Database. This is a food calculator only, and doesn't contain information on ingredients that one might use in a dog-food recipe, such as eggshells (a free web calculator that includes eggshells can be found here: nutritiondata.self.com).
Wellness: Recipes
Healthy home-cooked meals for your dogs
In the April/May 2011 issue of The Bark, we interview Barbara Laino about the nutritional benefits of feeding your dog home-cooked meals in addition to, or in lieu of, commercial dog food (see "Home Cooking with Barbara Laino" April/May '11). Here are two more recipes cooked up at Laino's Midsummer Farm in Warwick, N.Y., that are sure to please your pup's taste buds and keep her healthy:
Homemade Dinner Recipe for Dogs
This recipe feeds 2-3 large dogs for 7-10 days.
Grind the following ingredients in a meat grinder. Alternate ingredients so the grinder does the mixing for you. For instance, grind six necks, one carrot, a handful of pumpkin seeds, then six more necks and so on. Mix with a large spoon as you grind.
Other ingredients:
Add a couple of the following items. Have these ready on hand as you are grinding and add a sprinkle here and there of each so you can thoroughly mix the batch of food.
After grinding and mixing all ingredients thoroughly, keep the food in a sealed container in the refrigerator.
Midsummer Farm Homemade Fish-Based Dog Dinner
(The below recipe is for 1 medium dog for 3 days, about 10 1-cup-size meatballs) This recipe can be made in larger batches for efficiency sake. This raw food can easily be frozen in meatball shapes appropriate for the size animals you are feeding.
Serving Sizes of Raw Meatballs:
Keep in a well-sealed container in fridge. Scoop out appropriate amounts for your pet, or if you made a very large batch that is more than can be consumed in about 5 days, roll into meal-sized meatballs and freeze. Then you can just take out whatever number meatballs you need and defrost them a couple days before you need to feed them. Meatballs will last at least 3 months in the freezer.
To learn more about homemade dog food and its many benefits, see our interview with Barbara Laino.
Note: We've omitted the garlic originally in this recipe.
Wellness: Food & Nutrition
The Well-Oiled Dog
Winter weather can be a refreshing change of pace, but at the same time, low humidity and home heating can dry out your dog's skin and coat. While we humans might opt for topical moisturizing creams and lotions, our fine canine friends do best when they're well oiled. The healthiest fix for your dog's winter dandruff and dry skin problems is to add oil to his diet. You don't have to run out and purchase special oils; two of the best, olive and coconut, are easy to find in supermarkets and health food stores. I recommend them for glowing skin and coat and general health.
Let's begin with olive oil. I particularly like cold-pressed extra-virgin olive oil for cooking. Many commonly used oils break down at high heat, which can affect digestibility. Olive oil does not, making it the preferred oil to use when cooking for your dog. Rich in antioxidants, especially vitamin E, and phytonutrients, olive oil is best stored in the refrigerator to keep it from being degraded by heat and light. It tends to harden during refrigeration, but will liquefy when allowed to warm up to room temperature. If you simply want to add olive oil to your dog's meal, use a teaspoon a day for a 30 to 40 lb. dog, or up to a tablespoon for a large 90 lb. dog.
To keep a dog's coat soft and rich, coconut oil is my favorite. Plus, it decreases "doggy" odor; even dogs with a musty scent begin to smell sweet. Coconuts are classified as a "functional food," and their oil provides many benefits beyond its super-healthy nutritional content. The secret to this oil's healing power is its medium-chain fatty acids, which have special healthgiving properties. The fats in coconut oil are similar to those in mother's milk, and they have similar healing attributes. Aside from human breast milk, coconut oil is nature's most abundant source of lauric acid, which has been used to kill viruses, bacteria and yeast as well as prevent tooth decay. It also supports thyroid function and enhances metabolism. Dogs love coconut oil on their food as a condiment. One-half to one teaspoon daily for a medium-sized dog (30 to 40 lbs.) is an average portion. Coconut oil should also be refrigerated.
Supporting your dog's biological terrain is the single most important way to maintain his well being and help him have healthy skin and a great coat. Both olive and coconut oil are healthy for your dog's insides, and it will show on his outside. The well-oiled dog will have soft skin and a coat that shines all winter long.
Wellness: Recipes
Fast, easy and nutritious turkey feast.
It doesn't have to be Thanksgiving to give thanks! Working in animal rescue, I've seen a lot of heartbreak, but I've also seen and experienced the love that a rescued animal can bring to a human and vice versa. Each one of my rescued dogs gives me so much joy and love every day—cooking for them and making sure they are healthy is the least I can do to say thanks. This recipe is chock-full of nutritious and delicious ingredients that help keep your beloved pup healthy and happy.
Makes 4 servings for a 50-pound dog
2 tbsps. olive oil
1. In a large sauté pan, heat 1 tablespoon of the olive oil over medium low heat. Add the turkey and cook until it is browned. Drain any excess fat and set the turkey aside to cool.
2. Prepare the barley as directed on the package. Set it aside to cool. You should have about 1 cup of cooked barley.
3. In a large sauté pan, heat the remaining 1 tablespoon of olive oil over medium-low heat. If using the garlic, add it and sauté until it is lightly browned, about 3 minutes. Add the spinach and sauté, stirring frequently until wilted, about 5 minutes. Remove the pan from the heat and let cool.
4. Once cooled, puree the spinach and garlic mixture in a food processor and set it aside. You should have about a 1⁄4 cup of spinach puree.
To Make One Serving
1 1/3 cups cooked ground turkey
In your dog's bowl, combine the turkey, barley, spinach puree, with beef heart, pumpkin, salmon oil and parsley. Refrigerate any leftovers in an airtight container for up to 3 days.
For a serving chart of proportions for different size dogs, see bowmeowraw.com
Home Cooking for Your Dog by Christine M. Filardi © Stewart, Tabori & Chang, 2013
Note: We've omitted the garlic originally in this recipe.
Wellness: Food & Nutrition
Wellness: Food & Nutrition
Feeding your dog for life
The modern dog food industry bears little resemblance to the dog food industry of 60 years ago. Rather than a handful of brands, a kaleidoscope of options is now available: preservative- and GMO-free, organic, raw, even some with varying degrees of "source to bowl" traceability. Many of the newer food companies were founded by people dissatisfied with the status quo—dog owners who wanted both the convenience of commercial food and the assurances of safety and quality that accompany food fit for human consumption.
For many, a high-quality commercial diet is an appropriate way to feed their dogs. Though this may sound blasphemous to home-feeding purists, when the number of contemporary foods that contain corn, wheat and far worse ingredients (for example, ethoxyquin, a preservative banned from food intended for human consumption in Australia and the European Union but still found in some dog foods) is taken into account, making a change to a healthier commercial diet could constitute a drastic improvement.
But as we have learned more about the marriage of food and disease, so too have we learned of the necessity to divorce ourselves from processed foods. Many a book has been written on the virtues of whole and natural foods in the human diet, and increasingly, science suggests that their benefits may apply to our canine companions.
According to the American Cancer Society, more than one-third of all human cancer deaths may be eliminated by a healthy diet, and while preventive or palliative canine cancer diets have been comparatively less studied, work done on the topic indicates that a similar effect may exist for our dogs. A Purdue University study found a significantly lower rate of bladder cancer among Scottish Terriers fed cruciferous vegetables (such as broccoli and kale) three or more times weekly (JAVMA 2005, 227 (1): 94–100).
As dietary changes to ward off or combat numerous canine diseases become more widely accepted, it's likely that many owners will feed their dogs a homemade diet at some point in their pets' lifetime. A diet rich in antioxidants and whole foods—the same protocol physicians recommend we follow ourselves—does not have to be an exercise reserved for sick dogs but rather, an approach taken on behalf of stacking the odds in favor of our dogs' longevity.
To some, this is a radical notion. Few remember a time during which the family dog's meal did not come from a bag or can and contain ingredients of uncertain properties and dubious origins. But despite the fact that owners might wrinkle their noses at the smell of their dogs' food and struggle to decipher the ingredients list, most who continue to feed commercial food do it for a single reason: the food is "complete and balanced."
It is true that a balanced diet is essential, and that most traditional commercial dog foods provide the vitamins and nutrients that most dogs need to survive. However, there is a vast distinction between surviving and thriving, and the inclusion of fresh, whole foods in the canine diet may well be the catalyst that transforms good health to great.
For example, antioxidants play a vital role in clearing the bloodstream of free radicals, which can damage cells and are believed to speed up the progression of cancer as well as cardiovascular and age-related diseases. With this in mind, an increasing number of dog food brands have added blueberries, cranberries and other fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants to their recipes. However, some of these foods' benefits can be destroyed in the manufacturing process, so their appearance on an ingredient list—frequently near the bottom—may not guarantee a positive effect. Merely incorporating a food is not beneficial if its nutritional quality is diminished or its quantity is not sufficient to be useful to the dog.
For many, the dog food recall of 2007 was a real (and rude) awakening. Even those unaffected by it became aware of the uncomfortable realities of the modern dog food industry, from the vagaries of food safety and sourcing to the ultimate question: what are we really feeding our dogs? The answers—at times limited—left owners wondering what aspect of canine nutrition was so complicated that it could only be understood by a rarified few and only met by a commercial product.
Following this landmark recall, many dog owners ventured into the world of home feeding, where they often encountered a thicket of contradictory information and complex formulas. While some were discouraged, others persevered, and discovered that home feeding need be neither costly nor complicated. It requires a primer on nutrition, a handful of decisions about cost and time, and finding a veterinary professional who can provide guidance on recipe formulation and how to create a balanced diet that optimizes the health of dogs over time.
Stepping into Home Feeding
The first choice is to decide between raw or cooked, which may require some research. There are many books and websites on the attendant benefits and drawbacks of the two approaches; a vet or vet nutritionist should be able to recommend reliable and useful resources.
The second consideration is whether to prepare the food from scratch or purchase a commercial product. While the latter may sound antithetical to the idea of home feeding, here, it refers to commercial diets that include the same whole, fresh ingredients as would be found in a "from scratch" meal, and that incorporate an appropriate nutrient balance. These come in raw, cooked, frozen or dehydrated forms and are manufactured without the harsh processing that can leach ingredients of nutritional value.
For owners who wish to pursue this option, a number of companies offer raw and/or cooked meals. Some provide information on the sourcing of their products, humane treatment of food animals and whether they utilize human-grade ingredients. Those who elect to feed their dogs commercially prepared raw food—pre-balanced, unprocessed raw diets and raw meaty bones—will usually find it in specialty pet-supply stores. (As a reminder, dogs should never be given cooked bones, which can splinter and cause serious problems, including the risk of internal damage.)
These options all offer convenience, sometimes at a price. Because their quality is generally quite high, commercial "homemade" diets can be a more expensive option. Some owners combine methods—for example, feeding a dehydrated food in the morning and preparing a meal from scratch in the evening.
Handmade at Home
Depending on the type of ingredients and where they're purchased, preparing meals from scratch at home can be more or less expensive than purchasing premade options. Organic ingredients and a shortage of storage space can make it as expensive (or even slightly more expensive). On the other hand, buying in bulk, particularly at wholesale clubs, and being able to store and/or freeze ingredients make this type of home feeding much more affordable. For protein sources, an increasing number of reputable American farms offer individuals the option of purchasing bulk meats (including raw meaty bones) online at discounted prices, an excellent cost-saver.
Entirely homemade meals require attention to supplementation. In the aggregate, all elements need to be accounted for in proportions relative to a dog's size, activity level, health status and tastes. Fish oil supplements can be an excellent addition, and canine multi-vitamins also can be useful, although they vary widely in quality; some are little more than treats, while others are a sound way to achieve balance. Consult your veterinary professional for guidance on selecting supplements that will meet your home-fed dog's needs. Calcium is a particularly critical element, although dogs fed a raw diet usually get a large portion of the calcium they need from raw meaty bones.
Finding Your Way
For years, the holistic veterinary community has widely supported raw and cooked diets for dogs as a way to both prevent and manage disease. Veterinary nutritionists, who are fewer in number than holistic veterinarians, are also excellent resources. When looking for a holistic veterinarian or veterinary nutritionist, ask if he or she is familiar and comfortable with the type of diet you wish to feed. Regardless of the method you choose, work with a veterinarian to ensure that the diet is benefiting your dog. To find a holistic veterinarian, visit the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association website; find a veterinary nutritionist at the American College of Veterinary Nutrition site.
There are a number of online recipe sites as well as canine cookbooks designed for either raw or cooked home feeding. Be aware that their quality varies, and that even in combination, the meals may not afford balance over time. However, if you like the idea of incorporating certain ingredients, take your ideas to the vet professional you choose to assist you in developing a meal plan for your dog. Also, before feeding any new food, check with your veterinarian to be sure it's safe; a number of foods (including chocolate, grapes and onions) can be toxic to dogs. The ASPCA website also has information on this subject (aspca.org; enter Foods That Are Hazardous for Dogs in the search box).
In recognition of the impact our culinary habits have on the planet, an increasing number of dog owners are applying the same eating ethos they incorporate into their own diets to their dogs' food regimen. Feeding homemade food also has the benefit of helping reduce our carbon footprint when we choose locally grown, seasonal produce (preferably pesticide-free). You can take that benefit one step further by growing your own fruits and vegetables. Another avenue to consider is buying meat raised humanely; grass-fed beef contains higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E. Improving the lives of our dogs can also translate into improving the lives of food animals.
Julie Mayer, an integrative veterinarian who has dedicated most of her 20-year career to holistic veterinary medicine, has a special interest in nutrition. She has seen firsthand the benefits of feeding dogs a homemade diet, and encourages all owners—even those who are not yet ready to feed homemade—to integrate safe, whole foods into their dogs' meals. "Food is medicine, and what we feed our dogs can make a profound difference in their health," she says. True for us, true for our dogs. And truly, there will never be a better time than the present for all of us to eat and live well.
Dog's Life: Lifestyle
You Tube videos chronicle awareness around pet food ingredients
When I got my first dog, I spent countless hours pouring over the ingredient of different pet foods. I finally settled on grain free kibble made from human grade ingredients, but even so I don't think I would eat a day's worth of dog food.
Enter Dorothy Hunter, animal lover and owner of Paws Natural Pet Emporium in Kennewick, Washington. Dorothy is so passionate about quality pet food that she just completed a vow to eat only dog, cat, and bird food from her store's shelves for one month. She embarked on this journey to create awareness around pet nutrition, chronicled in a series of You Tube videos.
"You would be surprised how tasty dog and cat food can be when it's made right," says Dorothy. She believes that, in many cases, our pets are eating better than us.
Many people asked Dorothy about her digestion, but she says she felt great on the diet. Her selection couldn't be further from the "supermarket kibble" people picture when they think of pet food. Dorothy's menu consisted of oven baked blueberry treats, freeze dried vegetables, kibble with salmon flakes, and canned food with pieces of succulent chicken.
Dorothy's You Tube videos are a great way to get people thinking about their pets' food while reaching a new audience. There's nothing like eating dog treats and kibble to make you hyper aware of the ingredients inside!
Wellness: Recipes
A perfect recipe for summer
Stepping out with our furry friends during the sunniest time of the year makes for hot and hungry dogs. This quick, simple recipe is designed to cool off your pup, while providing a delectable, tasty treat! Makes 30-40 cubes, enough to last the summer. Feel free to add other tasty items like raspberries and strawberries, or any of the superfoods listed here (yogurt-fish-honey pops, anyone?).
4 cups yogurt (flavored or plain, non-fat if needed)
Melt peanut butter in microwave for about 30 seconds
Place all of the ingredients into a blender, mixer or food processor and mix well (until smooth)
Pour into ice cube trays or Popsicle trays.
Freeze until firm.
Pop out of the tray (you'll need a knife) and let your dog enjoy this frozen treat!
Recipe from Pet Guide
Wellness: Food & Nutrition
Become a label sleuth and improve your skill at making wise dog-food choices.
When selecting a new dog food, take a few moments to read and compare the label claims on a variety of different brands. You may notice two things. First, many of the claims are identical, making it impossible to differentiate one brand of food from another in a meaningful way. Popular and frequently used claims promote a food's natural properties (labels are overrun with these), as well as inclusion and exclusion of various components. Many of these claims are either not helpful at all or of limited aid in the pet food selection process.
Second, you will also notice a proliferation of health-related claims (just as you see more of these on many human foods). Commercially available dog foods not only make the hefty assertion of providing complete and balanced nutrition for your dog's stage of life (or even for all of his stages of life), they also may purport to do the following: boost your dog's immune system, keep his joints healthy and mobile, slow the signs of aging, support his cognitive function, keep his waistline trim, make him smarter (if he is a puppy), and promote efficient digestion.
Here is some information about certain types of label claims that can help you differentiate among brands as you review labels and evaluate foods, as well as additional information that, at least in my humble opinion, should be included on pet food labels but rarely is (a girl can dream, can't she?).
Inclusion Claims
Inclusion claims that can be helpful to consumers are those that identify specific types of protein or carbohydrate sources, the type of fat and fatty acids in the food (e.g., inclusion of omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil), the inclusion of organically grown plant ingredients or humanely produced animal-source ingredients, and the inclusion of locally or regionally sourced ingredients.
Inclusion claims that are less helpful in differentiating among products are those that make claims about the food containing antioxidants (all processed dry foods must include antioxidants to prevent rancidity), essential vitamins and minerals (again, they've all got 'em), or "Contains fiber for gastrointestinal health" (a balanced and complete diet should contain fiber, usually about 3 to 6 percent, so this doesn't help you differentiate between good and not-so-good foods).
Exclusion Claims
As a rule of thumb, new feeding trends, most of which have little or no scientific evidence, arrive on the scene in the pet food market a few years after they show up in the human marketplace. Recent examples include the Atkins Diet (high protein, low carbohydrate dog foods); gluten-free diets (gluten- and grain-free pet foods); probiotics in yogurt (as supplements and incorporated into dog foods); and one unique to pet foods, the "no fillers" claim, an essentially nonsensical term.
Exclusion claims that may be helpful to some owners when selecting a food include those of no genetically modified organisms (GMOs), no animal products that were treated with antibiotics or growth hormones, and no artificial antioxidants (BHA, BHT or ethoxyquin). Selection of products that purposely exclude these things generally comes from a life philosophy of reducing the consumption of highly processed or treated foods. These can be legitimate choices, provided that the purported health benefit claims are limited to those that have actual evidence.
Although there is no published evidence of health benefits associated with consuming less-processed foods, there is legitimate evidence (beyond the scope of this consideration) for environmental benefits and animal welfare benefits associated with these choices. However, this differs fundamentally from making statements that feeding these items causes dietary insufficiencies or disease in dogs. There is simply no evidence for such claims, and they should not be made in good conscience.
The bottom line with inclusion/exclusion claims is that they can provide a way for dog owners to choose a food that contains something they are looking for or that excludes something that they wish to avoid feeding their dog. Nothing wrong with that. There are many ways to feed a healthy diet and, just as with humans, many different ingredients and foods that can be fed to our dogs to keep them healthy and happy. Problems arise, however, when dog owners, not the pet food companies (notice that labels make no health claims about exclusion/inclusion items) take this a step further and make unsubstantiated claims about why the ingredients they seek are preventing disease or the ingredients they are avoiding cause disease. Just as label claims may be misleading—though they have AAFCO and the FDA's Center for Veterinary Medicine to reprimand them if they get out of line—so too can the claims of dog owners, many of whom are quite vocal and have blogs, and don't have to worry about satisfying a regulatory agency.
Digestibility Claims (Allowed, but Rarely Provided)
Since this is clearly a lot to ask of a single processed food, I think we are justified as dog owners to demand that the food's ingredients are sufficiently available (i.e., are digested and absorbed) to nourish the dog. As a food property, digestibility is more important for dogs than for humans because humans generally consume a wide variety of foods, all of which vary in degree of digestibility and nutrient availability. This mix of foods and the nutrients that they provide can be expected, in most cases, to nourish us and provide the essential nutrients that our bodies need. Conversely, most dog owners feed their dogs a single food over a period of months or years. In this situation, measures of that food's ingredient quality and digestibility become vitally important. And pet food companies correctly teach us that one of the best measures of ingredient and diet quality is a food's digestibility.
The reason for this is that a food's overall digestibility (called "dry matter digestibility") is increased by the inclusion of high-quality ingredients and decreased when poor-quality ingredients are used. In addition to dry matter digestibility, which gives you a sense of the entire food's quality, we can also measure the digestibility of the protein in the diet, since this too varies dramatically among different protein sources, with high-quality proteins being much more digestible than low-quality proteins.
In addition to the quality of ingredients, other factors that influence a food's digestibility include processing care and handling, cooking temperatures, and storage procedures. When a finished product's digestibility is measured, all of these factors will influence the results. Obviously, this is a very important measure, and one that could provide valuable information to pet owners, if they were privy to it.
This is where things get weird. The vast majority of pet food companies do not report digestibility values either on their food labels or in supporting materials. Some pet food industry folks will argue that these values are not reported because AAFCO has not yet established a standard protocol for digestibility studies to produce these values. This is a convenient but untenable excuse, seeing that apparent digestibility is measured using standard protocols both in academic and industry studies and is regularly reported in published research papers. Moreover, many companies (not all, unfortunately) regularly conduct digestibility trials to compare the quality of their products to that of their competitors, although these data rarely make it into the public realm. There is simply no defensible reason that this information is not made readily available to dog owners, especially given the propensity of pet food manufacturers to make claims such as "highly digestible," "easily digested," and "high-quality ingredients" on their labels and websites.
Here is the science: a food's digestibility—technically, "apparent dry matter digestibility"—is most effectively measured by a feeding trial. The selected food is fed to a group of dogs for a standard period of time during which intake (amount consumed) and excretion (the amount in the fecal matter) are carefully measured. Dry matter (the entire food) and nutrient (protein, fat and so forth) digestibility are determined by subtracting the amount excreted from the amount consumed and calculating this difference as a percent.
It is not a terribly complicated or involved test, although it does require access to dogs who are being fed the food (and only that food) and full collection of feces for a few days (no big deal to people who are used to picking up poop with their hands covered only by a thin plastic baggie). But here is the kicker: although many dog food manufacturers regularly conduct digestibility tests on their foods, they do not make this information available to the dog owners who purchase their foods. Yet, at the same time, they tell consumers that products vary significantly in digestibility and ingredient quality, and that digestibility is a good measure of a food's quality (and that their food has high or superior digestibility and contains quality ingredients).
Although it is natural to assume that all of a food should be digested, thus the very best food would have a dry matter digestibility of 100 percent, this is not only impossible but also undesirable and unhealthy. Fecal bulk is provided by undigested food, in particular many of the food's fiber-containing ingredients. Components of food that are not processed by an animal's digestive enzymes make it to the large intestine, where intestinal microbes further digest them to varying degrees. This process and the microbial populations that are supported by it are essential for a healthy gastrointestinal tract in all animals, including humans. As a general rule of thumb, commercial dry dog foods with reported dry matter digestibility values of 75 or less are of very poor quality, those with values of 75 to 82 percent are of moderate quality and foods with a dry matter digestibility of greater than 82 percent are high quality.
In general, raw diets that contain little starch will have digestibility coefficients (percentages) that are slightly higher than those of a dry food made with comparable ingredients. However, if the raw food contains uncooked plant starches (potato, tapioca, corn), digestibility values will decrease because of the inability of dogs to digest uncooked starch. Of course, dog owners can only make purchasing decisions based upon a product's digestibility if they are provided this information in the first place (which they are not).
In fact, as I recently discovered, this information is denied even when a consumer requests it directly from the company. This also is a bit odd, seeing that companies promote their foods as high quality (and often as highly digestible). I contacted companies that produced more than 30 different brands of dog food and politely requested that they send me protein and dry matter digestibility values for their adult maintenance dog food. Of the 32 requests I sent, I received no response at all in 27 cases, even though many of these stated on their "request for information" pages that a response would be sent within 48 hours. Of the five responses that I received, two brands said that they do not measure the digestibility of their foods but that their foods are made from highly digestible ingredients and so are very digestible (huh?). In other words, "we do not measure it, but trust us when we tell you that our foods are really, really digestible." Amazingly, one company even provided a value for the food digestibility that they do not measure, telling me that their foods are 85 to 88 percent digestible. (Note: Do not believe data that have not been measured.) A third company assured me only that "our foods are extremely digestible." Only two companies of the 32 requests that I sent provided actual data, both of which fell within the range of being highly digestible. Too bad more companies are not choosing to walk their digestibility talk, even though they are more than happy to talk the digestibility talk in their claims. Bottom line: if high digestibility or quality ingredients are claimed, ask for digestibility data from the company. They should provide this information if they are making quality claims to consumers.
Ingredient Source and Manufacturer
This means that the dog food must be both sourced and produced within the United States. If more than a "negligible" amount of the ingredients are imported, then the company cannot legally make this claim. Unfortunately, neither the FTC nor AAFCO specifies exactly what percentage of a food is more than "negligible," which leaves this regulation open for at least some interpretation. Still, if you read a "Made in the USA" claim on a pet food package, you can also assume that most, if not all, of the ingredients in that food were sourced within the U.S.
The Take-Away on Label Claims
Adapted from Dog Food Logic: Making Smart Decisions for Your Dog in an Age of Too Many Choices, by Linda P. Case; published by Dogwise Publishing. Used with permission.
Copyright © 1997-2017 The Bark, Inc. Dog Is My Co-Pilot® is a registered trademark of The Bark, Inc


text:
Chic eatery serves inventive American dishes like baby back ribs with a soy-ginger glaze and grilled octopus with popcorn puree
Up to 35% Off Modern American Cuisine at Oola Restaurant & Bar
38% Off Seafood at Catch
Up to 40% Off Homestyle Diner Food at Sukie's Country Kitchen
Up to 30% Off at Local Kitchen & Wine Merchant
50% Off a Burger with Purchase of a Burger
Up to 33% Off American Food at Red Dog Restaurant & Bar
Up to 40% Off Classic American Diner Fare at Homemade Cafe
40% Off at 475 Cafe
30% Off Classic American Food at Joanie's Happy Days Diner
Up to 45% Off Diner Fare at Raphael's Shutter Cafe
20% Off 2 Grand Slam Breakfast Specials
Discover new restaurants, spas, things to do & more great deals added daily!
You can change your email preferences at any time
By clicking Continue, I agree to the Terms of Service and Privacy Statement
No Thanks
*Valid on 1 unit per transaction; max 1 Local or Getaways deal per customer. Max discount $30. New customers only. Exclusive and non-transferable. Ends 2/28/17. Full details: gr.pn/promofaq

subset: commoncrawl


text:
- Anonym
- Bolivia, Kvinde, 25-30
- Begynder-nomade
- 1 Recensie
Thank you so so much !!! My husband and myself enjoyed the trip a lot. The people from the staff were very nice and supportive. The people on the reception were very friendly and made everything perfect , the food delicious you feel home there. Very secure and clean. Even the tour guide taught was great. Perfect view and really cozzy. For sure, i'll book my next trip with them. Congratulations,
- Anonym
- Argentina, Blandet gruppe, 25-30
- Begynder-nomade
- 9 Bedømmelser
Muy buen hotel, se lo recomiendo para visitar lucor
- Anonym
- Tyskland, Mand, 31-40
- Begynder-nomade
- 4 Bedømmelser
Perfect location, great view from the roottop terrace during breakfast on luxor temple and the thebes mountains, good chioce for breakfast, friendly stuff. The location of the hotel on the map in Hostelworld is wrong, copy the address and check the real location yourself on google maps.
- Anonym
- Australien, Mand Group, 18-24
- Begynder-nomade
- 8 Bedømmelser
Staff are amazing and went out of their way to make sure everything was ok. They even let us take a shower after checkout before our very late train. The location is perfect on the east bank, walking distance to the train station and luxor temple. They can organise anything to do at very reasonable prices. We did a West bank tour and our guide was excellent and knoweldgable and I would highly recommend. Rooftop is the best after the sun goes down and the restaurant is great too.
Hostelworlds mobilapps
Bestil, mens du er på farten, med de nye Hostelworld mobil-apps.


text:
Vote Here and Now for Best of Cleveland 2017®!
Music Venues, Restaurant, Menu
home made daily
grilled bread, melted cheese & sauerkraut, roast beef
served w/ lettuce, tomato, onion, american or swiss
brisket of beef served hot (closed face) w/gravy, fries or homefries & pickle
water packed tuna on a bed of lettuce w/tomato and onion, pickle & bread
See all past events at Smedley's »
Enter your address
Subscribe now to get the latest news delivered right to your inbox.
737 Bolivar Rd., Suite 4100
Cleveland, OH, 44115
Main: (216) 241-7550
Advertising: (216) 802-7241
All parts of this site Copyright © 2017 Cleveland Scene.
© 2017 Cleveland Scene:
737 Bolivar Rd.,
Suite 4100,
(216) 241-7550
Logos and trademarks on this site are property of their respective owners.
Website powered by Foundation


text: ^ Package holidays with £50 off per booking is valid for new bookings with a minimum total booking value of £900 enter code HOLIDAY50. Package holidays with £120 off per booking is valid for new bookings with a minimum total booking value of £1200 enter code HOLIDAY120. Valid on the easyJet holidays website from 17 Feb to 10am 2 March 2017, for departures from the UK, for travel from 19 Feb to 28 Oct 2017. You must enter the promo code when booking. Your promo code can only be used once per booking and can't be used on top of any other offer or applied retrospectively. A deposit of £60 per person applies for bookings made more than 45 days before departure, not applicable to non-refundable hotels. Holidays are provided by Hotelopia SLU trading as easyJet holidays. ATOL protected 10915. Other terms and conditions apply. For full terms and conditions click here.


text:
17509 Coit Rd A
Dallas, TX 75252
45 Enterprise Path Hiram, GA
480 Watts Rd Hiram, GA
If you like to play pool then you will love this place. They have plenty of tables so you don't have to wait your turn most of the time. Even if you don't play pool, it is still a fun plae to hang out.4


text: Hi, We rented out a house which we located through airbnb to film a music video. The host requested we transact offline, as they did not want to pay income tax or fees to airbnb. We were transparent about our use of the property and they gave permission to move anything around and use whatever we wanted. They are now accusing us of damaging the house - are we liable for this damage given there was no airbnb contract?


text:
Rockler Rockler High Pressure Laminate Router Table, Fence and FX Router Lift
Home > Rockler > Power Tool Accessories > Router Tables > Router Table Packages
This package includes our acclaimed Router Lift FX, which lets you adjust the bit height quickly and comfortably from the top of your table. No more stooping and squinting in the dark, just turn the included hex wrench to make adjustments. Plus, you´ll enjoy sag-free support with the 3/8´´ thick aluminum plate. The table is 1-1/8´´ thick MDF sandwiched with white HPL for good visibility and durability. A combination miter track and universal accessory T-track runs the length of the table for mounting featherboards, stops and jigs. The included fence also has universal T-tracks, plus adjustable white melamine MDF faces and an integrated bit guard.Features: Includes our acclaimed Rockler Router Lift FX for above-table bit height adjustments and bit changes Router Lift FX includes insert ring with 1-1/2´´ opening 3/8´´ thick aluminum router plate for flatness and rigidity 8-point plate leveling system with two locking points Dual track in table combines standard miter track with universal accessory track, which accepts 5/16´´ T-bolts or 1/4´´ hex bolts for custom made jigs and featherboards Extruded aluminum fence backer provides a stiff, straight reference surface when routing 3/4´´ T-profile miter slot allows you to use precision aftermarket miter gauges Fence backer features top-mounted universal T-track that accepts 5/16´´ T-bolts, 1/4´´ T-bolts, and 1/4´´ hex bolts Opening in fence is easily adjustable to accommodate large router bits Ergonomic T-knobs for easy fence adjustment Includes bit safety guard for safe routing To add a dust port and featherboards to this table see our 4-Piece Router Table Accessory Kit (#56764, sold separately)


text: ...A Viet Nam citizen purchased a very small town in Wyoming. What are your opinion? Please see the attached poll...recently several foreclosed homes in my neighborhood were bought by Chinese investors. I personally met the two couples who bought them and were here visiting a d checking on the property the purchased before returning to Beijing. http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/04/13/vietnamese-businessman-buys-americas-smallest-town/


text:
After the unexpected events of the previous night, Issa tries to decide what to do about Lawrence, while sticking to her plan to embrace a bolder side of herself. Molly treats herself to a "fancy day" and goes on a promising date. Lawrence gets advice from an unexpected source.
Insecure Season 1, Episode 2 – Messy as F**k
Air date: Oct 16, 2016
Genre: Comedy
Openload | FileFactory | Mega | Free.fr | Filehosting | RapidGator | Alfafile | Uploaded.net | ClicknUpload
Zippyshare | UploadRocket
Stream Links:
Vodlocker | Openload


text:
Posted on 19 September 2012
- 16:53
The striker has a hamstring injury and joins Benoit Assou-Ekotto, Younes Kaboul (both knee), Jake Livermore (groin) and Scott Parker (Achilles) on the sidelines.
Better news sees goalkeeper Heurelho Gomes improving after his recent ankle problem.
Andre said on Wednesday: "Ade has been struggling with a muscle injury, so he will be out of the game.
"Benoit is still out, we're waiting for the specialist to see his knee.
"Jake is making a good recovery from his groin strain, we're looking to have him back in 10, 15 more days.
"Scotty is still a bit far off, maybe three weeks before he returns to first team training, so slowly making progress and Younes is out for some time.
"Gomes is now training at medium to high intensity with the team and will soon be back 100 per cent."
12 December 2016
We have been drawn against Belgian side Gent in the UEFA Europa League round of 32.
7 December 2016
Following tonight's victory against CSKA, the Club will now enter the Europa League at the Round of 32 stage.
14 September 2016
Our Champions League campaign started with a setback at Wembley Stadium on Wednesday evening as we opened Group E with a 2-1 defeat to Monaco, despite a battling second half performance.
View mobile site
© Tottenham Hotspur Ltd 2017. All rights reserved.
All photography copyright Getty Images (unless otherwise stated)


text:
SHARJAH: England desires to finish its nearly two-month tour to UAE to play a bilateral series against Pakistan with the win in the last T20 game at Sharjah on Monday. In the previous two T20 matches, England beat Pakistan by 14 and 3 runs respectively. However as compared to the first game, the second T20 […]
Join Us on Facebook
Facebook By Weblizar Powered By Weblizar
Get Free Cricket Updates
Recent Posts
- India vs Australia 1st Test Match 23rd Feb 2017, Where to Watch and Get Live Score Updates
- Shahid Afridi announced Retirement from International Cricket
- Barisal Bulls vs Rajshahi Kings BPL 2016 10th Match Live Score
- Cricket star Shane Warne attacks Australian nanny state
- BPL 2016 9th Match: Rangpur Riders vs Dhaka Dynamites Live Score


text:
Oh my goodness, I'm dying. DH is watching a movie and cracking the sh1ts with me for laughing so hard and loud. Oh, auto correct, how I love thee!
You made my night with those. Thank you so much. My neck and stomach hurt from laughing. *Takes a deep breathe* Okay, I'm good.


text:
You are viewing an old version of this wiki. View the latest version.
Travis Ratledge is a YouTube singer, singing covers of well known songs.
He also is the front man of several projects including Too Small The Limelight and The Ever Present Melancholy.
Artist descriptions on Last.fm are editable by everyone. Feel free to contribute!
All user-contributed text on this page is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply.


text:
I have to say, this was my best flight ever. In a new plane, the super A359, visiting the cockpit, having the best crew ever and having a empty cabin, free and great wifi and enjoying every moment all flight long.
The crew, 3 TCP and the purser were sympathy, warm, educated and attentive in all the flight. The walk for the cabin watching if you need something, if you was working they gave a drink or coffee or tea. I think the seat is important for a Business Class trip but the difference you will found in the details and in the crew, who make it happened.
I just have nice words to all they. Just im so sorry in don't ask the names but i sent my congratulations to this crew after my flight.
No im real AY fan and if you think about try it... try it, you will really like.


text:
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.
These editors must have been taskmasters. They must have held contributors and the publisher to a strict deadline, and the result is that relatively rare commodity—a timely, hardbound book, an "update text" that is truly new.
The volume is handsome enough, with a reasonable price, including even several elegant color plates where black-and-white photography would be useless because of subject matter (in the case of nevi) or less descriptive (in the schematic of chromosomal defects).
The text is divided into two parts— basic research and clinical progress— each comprising half the content. There is ample bridging in most chapters. Basic science chapters always note the impact on the clinical sphere, and the clinical chapters demand an awareness of the background science. Overall, the emphasis is clearly toward the clinical. A chapter in the basic research section on the role of dietary fiber in cancer prevention has a very "non-basic science"
Merrill JM. Important Advances in Oncology: 1986. JAMA. 1986;256(4):532-533. doi:10.1001/jama.1986.03380040106043
© 2017


text:
Anything's possible ;)"Evolution vs. Creation"?
Isn't it possible that the Allmighty "created" a really, really, really big Bang?
Evolution vs. Creation
There are 219597 comments on the Best of New Orleans story from Jan 6, 2011, titled Evolution vs. Creation. In it, Best of New Orleans reports that:High school senior Zack Kopplin is leading the fight to repeal the Louisiana Science Education Act of 2008.
Join the discussion below, or Read more at Best of New Orleans.
Since: Dec 12
Yes, I'm an Atheist.
#70986 Jan 14, 2013
"When you treat people as they "
Since: Nov 10
treat you they get offended.
#70987 Jan 14, 2013
Your basic premise is wrong science says no such thing. Science says that either there was nothing before the big bang or there was something before the big bang.
However what the majority of scientific opinion is agreed on is that no god did it
"When you treat people as they "
Since: Nov 10
treat you they get offended.
#70988 Jan 14, 2013
And the gods (all gods) are too
"When you treat people as they "
Since: Nov 10
treat you they get offended.
#70989 Jan 14, 2013
There are several reasons not to believe this idea
1 Lack of any evidence for an almighty
2 What his he use? Godbots always use the argument you cant get something from nothing yet always fail to consider whether there was nothing for a god to work with.
3 Where did he stand when he though I know what Ill do to pass some time. Ill create a great universe billions of light years across and then in around a 14 billion years or so Ill stick humans on one tiny, insignificant ball of rock in one small galaxy out of the billions of galaxies I make just so they can worship me.
And there are a considerable number of reasons to believe the alternative starting with #1 above
"When you treat people as they "
Since: Nov 10
treat you they get offended.
#70990 Jan 14, 2013
Nope you and the other ignorant godbots of this world are a habit that need to be discouraged
There is no justification for religion either except for personal choice but that never stopped you right?
Tell me, does homosexuality effect you in any way? Do you see homosexuals telling the world that you are wrong? Now can you say the same for godbots like you?
#70991 Jan 14, 2013
Parse! Ni! Ni!
Let me know when you can have a conversation. I'm not interested in your out of context sound bites.
It's quite simple. You use the word "we" as if you own it. You don't. Congress would be enacting laws if there was a majority at work, but they know that the majority votes at the voting booth, not in doorstep polls steered towards confirmation bias.
The Supreme Court does not shanghai the law based on obscure fuzzy-wuzzy wording in the Constitution about how states should behave. Last I knew, Congress voted for the "Defense of Marriage Act" not Gay marriage.
Now, you CAN argue about the Constitutionality but there isn't a word in the Constitution about marriage or sexual preference. The only REAL argument is that its a bad law in that it is about exclusion, a bad start to any democratic legal principle.
Here's what Wikipedia has to say about the government position:
"Under the law, no U.S. state or political subdivision is required to recognize a same-sex marriage from another state. Section 3 of DOMA codifies the non-recognition of same-sex marriages for all federal purposes, including insurance benefits for government employees, Social Security survivors' benefits, immigration, and the filing of joint tax returns."
See? Do you see it? It's about money! Money! Money! Money! Nobody gives a toot about your morality except the looney Christians. I've pointed pointed this out and you just go on ignoring it.
The public is tired of having our government turned dysfunctional by parties who rely on zealot harassment from fringe groups like yours. You can parse out your little sound bites, but everyone knows the one simple truth. You're a socially disruptive group who spent the latter half of the 20th century marketing your value but it was all on the backs of real artists, hard working people who do their best to get along and police who are doing their best to do what's right for everyone.
It's all about you. It always will be. I'll take my chances on civil disobedience without your help. You and yours won't have anything other than your agenda, and I think consensus is too delicate a thing to be allowing your particular illness to be a part of.
Now, go parse out your sound bites again! but I'm not going to just fade away while you tell your big lie. I don't ask anyone else to help. I am happy to demonstrate a simple point.
"Nihil curo de ista tua stulta "
Since: May 08
#70992 Jan 14, 2013
We have over 7 billion people on earth right now. The largest population the planet has ever seen, and the population is growing exponentially.
According to Fundies (such as yourself),'sexual perversion' is rampant, and "it will pose a negative effects on human population growth".
Do you see ANY logical disconnect here?
"When you treat people as they "
Since: Nov 10
treat you they get offended.
#70993 Jan 14, 2013
Religion is a habit that for the most part is indoctrinated from birth and such indoctrination is revelled in by those doing the indoctrination of children. It has for thousands of years posed a negative effect on humanity. Christianity for example requires the worship of the first recorded mass murderer who killed children for spite and condoned rape.
And you have the gall to proclaim homosexuality a perversion against humanity.
#70994 Jan 14, 2013
That's what I was thinking.
#70995 Jan 14, 2013
1). YOUR POINT HOLDS NO WATER. There is absolutely no evidence that you, I, or anyone else exist, other than in our minds. Close your eyes, go to sleep and where are you? In a dream. Perhaps even while awake we're in a dream. Nothing else. In other words there is no evidence (in either direction) of anything pertaining to the meaning of life.
2). GOOD POINT. However, it neither supports nor denies the existance of a Creator. Just because we can see no logical reason for His existance doesn't mean He dosn't. Your point leaves us with a stale mate.
3). EVEN MORE CRIPTIC. I can only say that your comment ...
God: "Ill create a great universe ...... stick humans on one tiny, insignificant ball of rock ..... just so they can worship me.
Your assumption is that because the major "establised" religions proclaim that we should "worship Him" then it must be the sum of metaphisical belief on earth. Personally, I don't think one can make that assumption. Who's to say that God (if there is one) expects us to worship Him when all we've got is nothing to go by. No, no, no - don't even bring the Bible into it. There are no clues in that book other than what a hoard of superstitious men wrote in order to have something to believe in.
I know you said "Doubtful" but you have cast no more doubt against the possibility of an Allmighty creating the Big Bang than you have against Adam & Eve and the whole 7 day Creation thing. "Doubtful" is the wrong choice of word.
#70996 Jan 14, 2013
No, he doesn't. But why aren't you stating the obvious? Even with his hypothetical Nigerian perspective,(or more likely because of it!) what he's really interested in is a larger White population.
It concerns me, but then again, so do Whites who might subconsciously wish that the other races would just go away as they keep their silence.
#70998 Jan 14, 2013
Most perversions are the product cultural bias. Are you preparing to introduce some as absolute?
Charles is stunted on so many levels, it degrades the conversation to address them on a one-by-one basis.
#70999 Jan 14, 2013
Not the governments job.
Last I saw, you're the only one claiming to be from Nigeria on this site. Where do you get off advising members of democracies to engage in government sanctioned bullying?
#71000 Jan 14, 2013
Yeah, but there are the Adolf Hitler types too. Eternal vigilance and all that stuff, you know.
"When you treat people as they "
Since: Nov 10
treat you they get offended.
#71002 Jan 14, 2013
1/ Our bodies can be analysed, scanned, prodded, weighed etc. When we are asleep our bodies can be analysed, scanned, prodded, weighed etc. You dont just disappear in a dream, all that happens is consciousness changes state. You cannot say the same for any god.
If you want to say that is not evidence how can you possibly make the claim that lack of these attributes is evidence? see #2
Who was talking about the meaning of life? Oh you were! The answer to the meaning of life, the universe and everything is 42. The meaning of life has nothing to so with some god standing on a pre universe and saying abracadabra. There is considerable evidence of what happened from 10^-34th of a second after the big bang. However it contradicts indoctrination into religion so is rejected out of hand by those so indoctrinated
2/ Nope, it highlights a discrepancy that godbots hang on to without realising the logic (or lack thereof). They make demands for evidence that they know cannot be obtained (certainly with current knowledge) and yet used the exact same argument as a validation for their belief. It highlights the hypocrisy of goddidit religions
3/ right. Not cryptic at all, you are simply unwilling to analyse the content of the comment.
I make no such assumption, my comment was based on the logical conclusion of the idea that goddidt. When put in understandable form it sounds silly, yes? I actually I think that people worship gods is because of childhood indoctrination and deliberate ignorance. Who is to say worship him? The babble and of course the ordained followers, i.e. the leaders of said religion. You cannot ignore the babble simply because it confirms my argument, the babble (the OT selectively copied from the Tanakh) and of course the Quran each dictate worship.
Oh disproving Adam and Eve of the babble is easy, they actually existed and there is evidence to prove it. That same evidence that many religious are content to use in the conviction of a suspected criminal with extremely high accuracy. DNA proves Adam lived about 75,000 years ago and Eve lived about 80,000 years earlier
No its not the wrong choice of word, there are a considerable number of independent causes for doubt.
"When you treat people as they "
Since: Nov 10
treat you they get offended.
#71003 Jan 14, 2013
Nope, I am making a comparison between what he denigrates and what he worships and highlighting the hypocrisy of his statements
"what we think we become"
Since: Aug 11
above and beyond
#71004 Jan 14, 2013
I would have to agree. It's just really us here now.
Lililth_Satans_B ore
Level 2
Since: May 12
#71005 Jan 14, 2013
oh thanks but no thanks... I leave the flucking me to my boyfriend... He's awesome at it. As far as with yourself, well I think your hand corners that market very well.
Oh and I suspect your gametes that created you didn't spend very much time swimming in the gene pool... Aaaaaaaaaah.. what a shame
Lililth_Satans_B ore
Level 2
Since: May 12
#71006 Jan 14, 2013
your mom and dad weren't very far from the Node were they... pity... mom kinda leaned heavy on the slime mold side hunh??? what a shame
Lililth_Satans_B ore
Level 2
Since: May 12
#71007 Jan 14, 2013
sorry currently evolved slime molds I mean no offense to a comparison to old christards john's mom.. she was many generations in evolutionary progress behind you
Tell me when this thread is updated:Subscribe Now Add to my Tracker
Add your comments below
Weird Discussions
|Last By
|5 Letter Word, Change 1 Letter (Oct '15)
|2 min
|6 letter word ...change one letter game (Oct '15)
|3 min
|What are you thinking right now? (May '08)
|6 min
|Word association (Jun '07)
|8 min
|El's Kitchen (Feb '09)
|15 min
|Banned Aid
|What Turns You Off?
|25 min
|2words into 2new words (May '12)
|27 min
|What song are you listening to right now? (Apr '08)
|46 min
|Thousands of demonstrators protest Trump in Atl...
|1 hr
Find what you want!
Search Weird Forum Now
Copyright © 2017 Topix LLC


text:
UPA govt has failed on all fronts: Rajnath Singh
Bhopal: BJP president Rajnath Singh on Sunday said the Congress-led UPA government has failed on all fronts and was not doing anything to help the common person.
"There was hardly any area left in which this government at the Centre has not failed," Singh said during a press conference at the party office here.
The union government has not controlled inflation or provided internal and external security, he said.
Referring to the killing of two Indian soldiers on the LoC, Singh said, while India`s neighbouring countries including Pakistan are doing serious things, the Centre is not doing enough in that regard.
"Pakistani army killed two Indian soldiers. However, the Indian government`s response to it was neither adequate nor effective," he said.
The government had also failed in curbing naxal and terror activities in the country, he added.
After the Mumbai terror attacks, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh had assured there would be no talks with Pakistan unless those responsible were dealt with, he said.
"However, nothing of the sort happened and there were times when India held talks with Pakistan," he said.
Singh also criticised Union Home Minister Sushil Kumar Shinde for his statement accusing the BJP and the RSS of "conducting terror training camps to spread saffron terrorism".
"If one accepts Shinde`s statement as true then even I and the Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan are terrorists," he said.
Stating that the issue of Shinde`s remarks would be raised during the coming Parliament session, Singh sought to know why Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and Congress President Sonia Gandhi were silent over the minister`s statement.
More from India
More from World
More from Sports
More from Entertaiment
- Discussion over BJP's enormous victory in Maharashtra civic polls
- UP polls: Top 5 highlights of PM Modi's speech in Bahraich
- BMC elections 2017: Who will be the Mayor of Mumbai?
- NASA discovers seven Earth-like planets orbiting a single star
- BMC election results 2017: Shiv Sena ahead as single largest party
- Reliance Jio Vs Airtel free data plan: A comparison
- BMC election 2017 results: As it happened
- Maharashtra Civic Poll Results 2017: As it happened on Thursday
- WATCH: When Matthew Renshaw left everybody surprised by 'retiring ill' on Day 1 of India-England Test
- World's heaviest woman loses 50 kilos in just 12 days


text:
Is PLDT Sampaloc incorrect or missing key business information? Update your Hotfrog listing today.
Contact details
Are these details correct?
Hotfrog Philippines provides information regarding PLDT Sampaloc in Manila Metro Manila. PLDT Sampaloc is located at Espana Street, Manila Metro Manila 1008 and provides Real Estate services.
Opening hours
Tue 5:00-16:00, 23:00-23:59; Wed 6:00-15:00, 18:00-19:00; Thu 5:00-17:00, 19:00-20:00; Fri 6:00-18:00; Sat 10:00-11:00, 13:00-14:00
Is PLDT Sampaloc in Espana Street, Manila Metro Manila 1008 your business? Claim your listing and attract more leads by adding more content, photos and other business details.
We have more Real Estate services in Manila Metro Manila available on Hotfrog Philippines. You can update your search for Manila Real Estate by location, keyword or service options.
Small Business Hub
Sharing tips, ideas and advice to help grow your small business.
Create your free Hotfrog business profile
Follow Hotfrog on:
Share on:
Hotfrog Small Business Hub


text:
Widows Wear Stilettos
A Practical and Emotional Guide for the Young Widow
By (author) Carole Brody Fleet Syd Harriet
Format: Paperback
Normal Price: $28.45
Your Price: $25.61 AUD, inc. GST
Shipping: $7.95 per order
You Save: $2.85! (10% off normal price)
Plus...earn $1.28 in Boomerang Bucks
Availability: Available, ships in 8-11 days
Widows Wear Stilettos by Carole Brody Fleet
Book DescriptionWidowhood is a frightening prospect for any woman, but becoming a widow in one's forties, thirties, or twenties can be terrifying. Widows Wear Stilettos deals sensitively with the many problems and questions facing the young widow: depression and grief, helping children cope, facing in-laws, and returning to work. The authors also address practical concerns including financial considerations and personal issues such as health, self-awareness, diet, and exercise. This reassuring book shows how a life that feels at an end can begin anew.
Buy Widows Wear Stilettos book by Carole Brody Fleet from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780882823393
(210mm x 140mm x 16mm)
Pages: 224
Imprint: New Horizon Press Publishers Inc.,U.S.
Publisher: New Horizon Press Publishers Inc.,U.S.
Publish Date: 22-Jan-2009
Country of Publication: United States
Books By Author Carole Brody Fleet
View all books by Carole Brody Fleet
» Have you read this book? We'd like to know what you think about it - write a review about Widows Wear Stilettos book by Carole Brody Fleet and you'll earn 50c in Boomerang Bucks loyalty dollars (you must be a member - it's free to sign up!)
Facebook Page | Twitter | Google+ | Bulletin e-Newsletter | Blog | RSS
Become a Member | Book Lists | Recently Released | Coming Soon | Fast Delivery Books
Bestselling Books: Our Current Bestsellers | Australia's Hottest 1000 Books | Bestselling Fiction | Bestselling Crime Mysteries and Thrillers | Bestselling Non Fiction Books | Bestselling Sport Books | Bestselling Gardening and Handicrafts Books | Bestselling Biographies | Bestselling Food and Drink | Bestselling History | Bestselling Travel Books | Bestselling School Textbooks & Study Guides | Bestselling Children's General Non-Fiction | Bestselling Young Adult Fiction | Bestselling Children's Fiction | Bestselling Picture Books | Top 100 US Bestsellers
For: Schools | Organisations | Libraries | Publishers | Authors | Book Clubs | Bloggers | Affiliates
About Us | Contact Us | Help Desk | Security | Privacy | Terms of Use | Copyright
Phone: 1300 36 33 32 (9am-5pm Mon-Fri AEST) - International: +61 2 9960 7998 - Online Form
Address: Boomerang Books, 878 Military Road, Mosman Junction, NSW, 2088
© 2003-2017. All Rights Reserved. Eclipse Commerce Pty Ltd - ACN: 122 110 687 - ABN: 49 122 110 687
For every $20 you spend on books, you will receive $1 in Boomerang Bucks loyalty dollars. You can use your Boomerang Bucks as a credit towards a future purchase from Boomerang Books. Note that you must be a Member (free to sign up) and that conditions do apply.


text:
Phobia 2016 Hindi Movie Download DVDRip 700MB
Phobia 2016 Hindi Movie Download DVDRip 700MB
Movie Name: Phobia 2016 Hindi Movie Download DVDRip 700MB
IMDB Ratings: 9.8/10.
Genres: Drama,Mystery,Thriller.
Director:Pawan Kripalani.
Writers:Pawan Kripalani,Devayush Chowdhary.
Stars: Radhika Apte,Ankur Vikal.
Storyline:Phobia is a 2016 Indian psychological mystery film, directed by means of Pavan Kirpalani and produced by Viki Rajani. The movie stars Radhika Apte in her first main role in Bollywood as Mehak, an artist affected by extreme agoraphobia. Produced mutually with the aid of Eros global and subsequent Gen movies, it released on 27 may additionally 2016.Phobia 2016 Hindi Movie Download DVDRip 700MB.
Improvement began in 2015, whilst Rajani signed Radhika Apte for a film to be made under his banner. Rajani worked at the script, with essential photography taking region in Mumbai. The movie functions tune by using Daniel B George. The film features one tune. The lyrics for music were written through Jay Shankar Prasad. Phobia launched on 27 can also 2016 to positive reaction, with reward targeted on Apte's overall performance. aside from Apte's overall performance, movie's other production factors and picturisation, background rating and unique impact works were also praised via the critics and audiences. Phobia 2016 Hindi Movie Download DVDRip 700MB.
Full Movie Download Link 1
Phobia.16.DVDRip.KasperMovies.Com.mkv – 698.7 MB


text:
Who's ready for some real life fights? Here's our top 10!
The ScreenJunkies are unearthing another cluster of hidden gems with a list...
Every movie is the best ever!
stike at cubs game ending with a shot to the nuts
We've all been to the slammer on those Tuesday nights after an intense game...
Just when you thought it was safe to go back to class
That's awesome, if you can find a woman to wear it
Head on with a great white.
We were going up a steep trail and ended up rolling the Pathfinder 2.5 time...
Batter Up
Good Catch
I asked my son if he was ready to go to his baseball game, he told me that ...
Jaw Dropping
Jaws will never see me coming.
Hate to see what it does to your jaw.
Hopefully they were watching JAWS.
Even with it's head chopped I'm still afraid of this thing.


text:
Dane Kalai'one Wards ceramic art reflects her love for the island of Maui, where she was born and raised. She has had her hands in clay for about 12 years and continues to learn and explore her craft. She is a champion water woman, kawahine a ke kai, and you will see her love for the sea reflected in her work.
Default | Name Up | Name Down | Price Up | Price Down


text:
Interactive Seating Charts
Unfortunately, we do not currently have
a seating chart for Victory Theatre.
Victory Theatre600 Main Street
Evansville, IN 47708
Upcoming Events
Mar 3
Fri 7:00 PM
Mar 11
Sat 8:00 PM
Mar 23
Thu 7:00 PM
Mar 26
Sun 7:30 PM
Apr 30
Sun 7:30 PM
About SeatGeek
We scour the web's major ticket sites and aggregate inventory into one place. Our Deal Score helps you identify the best ticket deals available for each event.Learn more about SeatGeek


text:
Residences close at noon on Saturday, March 4, and re-open at 5 p.m. on Saturday, March 18, 2017.
Connect with friends and classmates through the Kenyon Alumni Online Directory.
A new year is fast approaching! Please consider a gift to the Kenyon Fund or Kenyon Parents Fund before 2016 is over. Kenyon is grateful to the thousands of alumni and parents who supported the College in 2016.
Although many students have no difficulty obtaining college credit for their KAP courses, occasional problems over credit may arise.
Here are some steps you can take:


text:
The Best of the Music & Art Scene In New York From A to G. Daily!
Posted by The G on June 10, 2011 under Street Art | Be the First to Comment
Photo by G. Art by Invader.
Space Invader on Great Jones and Bowery
Love the colors!
Tags: 2011, Bowery, Great Jones, Invader, New York, Photo, Space Invader, Street Art
Name (required)
Mail (will not be published) (required)
Notify me of follow-up comments by email.
Notify me of new posts by email.
Like A2G on Facebook!
© 2017 According 2 G | All Rights Reserved


text:
Molecules and Morphology in Evolution
Conflict or Compromise?
Edited by Colin Patterson
Format: Paperback
Normal Price: $125.00
Your Price: $112.50 AUD, inc. GST
Shipping: $7.95 per order
You Save: $12.50! (10% off normal price)
Plus...earn $5.62 in Boomerang Bucks
Availability: Available to Backorder, No Due Date for Supply
Molecules and Morphology in Evolution by Colin Patterson
Book DescriptionThis book reviews the phylogenetic data derived from molecular methods and from classical morphology, and analyses the contribution each can make to the study of evolution. Molecular biology and traditional areas of evolutionary biology such as morphology have not enjoyed a particularly happy marriage. Molecular biologists have the advantages of modernity, high technology, and visibility: their results often seem to represent the cutting edge of science, superseding and outmoding what went before. Nevertheless, this book shows that the partnership between those who study morphology and those who study molecules is alive and well: reconciliation is possible, necessary and inevitable because the problems involved in reconstructing the history of life do not change, whatever the source of the data. In eight chapters, leading exponents of molecular and morphological methods explore phylogeny, starting with hominoids, the most thoroughly studied group, then working outwards through the vertebrates, and ending at the level of the prokaryote and eukaryote kingdoms. Theoretical problems are also covered, including the concepts of homology, the molecular clock and neutral or 'non-Darwinian' evolution. The book concludes with an example in laboratory mice where the reliability of different methods for determining phylogeny can be tested against a known genealogy.
Buy Molecules and Morphology in Evolution book by Colin Patterson from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9780521338608
(228mm x 152mm x 14mm)
Pages: 240
Imprint: Cambridge University Press
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Publish Date: 9-Jul-1987
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Other Editions...
» Have you read this book? We'd like to know what you think about it - write a review about Molecules and Morphology in Evolution book by Colin Patterson and you'll earn 50c in Boomerang Bucks loyalty dollars (you must be a member - it's free to sign up!)
Facebook Page | Twitter | Google+ | Bulletin e-Newsletter | Blog | RSS
Become a Member | Book Lists | Recently Released | Coming Soon | Fast Delivery Books
Bestselling Books: Our Current Bestsellers | Australia's Hottest 1000 Books | Bestselling Fiction | Bestselling Crime Mysteries and Thrillers | Bestselling Non Fiction Books | Bestselling Sport Books | Bestselling Gardening and Handicrafts Books | Bestselling Biographies | Bestselling Food and Drink | Bestselling History | Bestselling Travel Books | Bestselling School Textbooks & Study Guides | Bestselling Children's General Non-Fiction | Bestselling Young Adult Fiction | Bestselling Children's Fiction | Bestselling Picture Books | Top 100 US Bestsellers
For: Schools | Organisations | Libraries | Publishers | Authors | Book Clubs | Bloggers | Affiliates
About Us | Contact Us | Help Desk | Security | Privacy | Terms of Use | Copyright
Phone: 1300 36 33 32 (9am-5pm Mon-Fri AEST) - International: +61 2 9960 7998 - Online Form
Address: Boomerang Books, 878 Military Road, Mosman Junction, NSW, 2088
© 2003-2017. All Rights Reserved. Eclipse Commerce Pty Ltd - ACN: 122 110 687 - ABN: 49 122 110 687
For every $20 you spend on books, you will receive $1 in Boomerang Bucks loyalty dollars. You can use your Boomerang Bucks as a credit towards a future purchase from Boomerang Books. Note that you must be a Member (free to sign up) and that conditions do apply.


text:
Kerala PSC Recruitment 2016 – Submit Online Application for 52 Plumber/ Last Grade Servant & other post on its authorized website at keralapsc.gov.in.
On this web page, we have mentioned an important information for those applicants who belong to the state of Kerala and looking for the govt job. A few days ago, Kerala Public Service Commission had given an advertisement notification to fill up 52 unoccupied posts of Plumber, Lecturer, Assistant, Professor and others in its multiple departments. Jobless candidates can check below-mentioned details and know that they are eligible or not for same.
Jobs in Kerala:
We notify to eligible candidates that Kerala PSC is inviting applications from eligible candidates to fill up post mentioned above. Deserving candidates are required to meet authorized website at below- mentioned link. Here, an applied link has provided through Kerala PSC. Through it, applicant can apply their applications with all required detail and submit it before the last date which is 3rd August 2016.
Kerala PSC Recruitment 2016 detail:
Name of the organization: Kerala Public Service Commission
Mode of apply : Online mode
Number of Post: 52
Name of the Post:
- Assistant Professor In Community Dentistry : 01
- Assistant Town Planner: 01
- Assistant Professor In Periodontics: 01
- Paste Up Artist Gr II – Kerala Legislature Secretariat: 01
- Copy Holder – Kerala Legislature Secretariat : 01
- Ayurveda Therapist: 01
- Part Time High School Assistant (Urdu): 01
- Higher Secondary School Teacher (Hindi): 01
- Security Guard Grade II: 01
- Lift Operator : 01
- Lecturer In Physical Education: 01
- Non Vocational Teacher In Geography : 01
- Lecturer In Sanskrit: 01
- Analyst Gr III (Drugs Control): 01
- Driver Grade Gr Ii /Tractor Driver: 01
- Caretaker (Social Justice): 01
- Psychiatric Social Worker: 01
- Caulker: 01
- Store Keeper: 01
- Driver (HDV): 01
- High School Assistant (Tamil): 01
- Vocational Teacher (Agriculture) 02
- Last Grade Servant: 02
- Offset Machine Operator Gr II: 03
- Compounder – Pharmacist/ Compounder: 03
- High School Assistant (Sanskrit): 03
- Driver Gr.II/Driver (LDV): 03
- Plumber: 15
Eligibility conditions for Kerala PSC plumber Vacancy 2016:
Age Limit:
The age of applicant should not be more than 40 years. Upper age relaxation will be applicable as per the govt rule and regulation.
Educational Qualification:
The applicant should be posses 10th/ 12th/Graduation/ Post graduation/ PhD from recognized university. For more information, applicant need to read official notification.
Selection mode:
The selection of applicant will be based in the performance in the written examination and interview.
Application fee:
To get applicant fee detail, applicant should refer to main official notification
Simple Method to Submit Kerala PSC Application Form 2016:
- Eligible applicant should go to official notification @ keralapsc.gov.in. or click on below mentioned link.
- On the home page, Search Kerala PSC Recruitment 2016 link and click on it.
- After that, in new tab , you will get apply online link.
- Through it, you can fill online application form with all required details and submit it.
- Get a hard copy of submitted application form.
- Preserve it for future uses.
Important Link:
Click here to get Kerala PSC Job 2016 Notification
Important Date:
Starting date for submitting online application: 11th July 2016
Last date to submit online application form : 3rd August 2016


text:
Peer reviewed
Direct link
Direct link
ERIC Number: EJ1025516
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2013
Pages: 12
Abstractor: As Provided
Reference Count: N/A
Touching up Mental Rotation: Effects of Manual Experience on 6-Month-Old Infants' Mental Object Rotation
Möhring, Wenke; Frick, Andrea
Child Development, v84 n5 p1554-1565 Sep-Oct 2013
In this study, 6-month-olds' ability to mentally rotate objects was investigated using the violation-of-expectation paradigm. Forty infants watched an asymmetric object being moved straight down behind an occluder. When the occluder was lowered, it revealed the original object (possible) or its mirror image (impossible) in one of five orientations. Whereas half of the infants were allowed to manually explore the object prior to testing, the other half was only allowed to observe the object. Results showed that infants with prior hands-on experience looked significantly longer at the mirror image, while infants with observational experience did not discriminate between test events. These findings demonstrate that 6-month-olds' mental rotations benefit from manual exploration, highlighting the importance of motor experience for cognitive performance.
Descriptors: Infants, Expectation, Discovery Learning, Experiments, Experiential Learning, Cognitive Ability, Psychomotor Skills
Wiley-Blackwell. 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148. Tel: 800-835-6770; Tel: 781-388-8598; Fax: 781-388-8232; e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Web site: http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A


text:
You'll need to sign in to follow to this podcast.
New to Podcast Chart? Sign up.
The number one source of PC gaming reviews, previews and news online
August 20th, 2015
Episode 1656 of 3376 episodes
The trouble with Assassin's Creed Syndicate's stealth specialist.
You'll need to sign in to write a comment.
Welcome to the daily audio workout for your head.
You'll need to sign in to add this to your collection.
Podcast Chart © 2017 Project Fantastic Ltd


text:
Right now, take your smartphone or tablet and look at your web site. How does it look? Does it look good or terrible. I was speaking recently to an Infusionsoft customer about a variety of things and one topic was if her web site was mobile or not. She said she's used the "DIY" mobile web site services and they didn't make her web site look too good, so she's going to work with a company who can really customize the mobile experience for her web site visitors.
For those of you who want to try to DIY (do it yourself) I've been pretty happy with Mobstac – they make Smallbiztechnology.com look pretty good on mobile devices. In fact their free starter plan caught my eye. They'll mobilize your site for FREE until it reaches 250,00 page views, then they'll charge you for it.
So go check out your web site on a smartphone and on a tablet. Like how it looks? If you don't – neither do prospective customers and you're probably losing sales by not correcting this.
Latest posts by Ramon Ray (see all)
- 4 Tips for Staying Safe on a Public Computer - January 20, 2017
- 5 Tips To Choosing Your Marketing Automation Provider - December 16, 2016
- GoDaddy Enhances Mobile Shopping With ApplePay and Shopping Cart Intelligence - December 14, 2016