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December 6, 2016
These monstrous looking pinchers are the mouthparts of a dragonfly larva imaged with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Amazingly, this image wasn't taken of the animal itself, but rather of its abandoned exoskeleton (called an exuvium) that the larval and freshwater-living dragonfly (or naiad) leaves behind when it becomes a winged dragonfly. This dragonfly and the ones below are from the family Aeshnidae.
Below is the whole exuvium in glorious detail. You can find these shed exoskeletons on rocks and vegetation at the border of freshwater ponds, steams, and lakes. I found this one amond the reeds in NHMLA's Nature Garden pond.
Image taken, with thanks, by Kelsey Bailey on a Keyence VHX-5000 digital microscope.
January 10, 2017
September 20, 2016
August 30, 2016
August 18, 2016
Wasp-mimicking beetle in the genus Necydalis found in Monrovia, CA. Photo credit: Kelsey Bailey
If you spot a brightly colored, slender, 1 inch-long insect in your yard, you might hesitate to get too close. It is not uncommon for residents of L.A. to come into contact with large wasps that have bright orange or yellow warning coloration, letting you know that they can sting if threatened. Colors can be misleading however, as you can see with this impressive longhorned beetle that was recently collected in Monrovia as part of the BioSCAN Project. The insect may have the same general shape (that characteristic thin wasp "waist") and bright orange body that screams out "I'm a wasp! Don't touch me!," but in reality it is completely incapable of stinging. This form of mimicry benefits the beetle as it deters potential predators from turning it into a crunchy afternoon snack!
August 9, 2016
Mulitcolored Asian ladybug, Harmonia axyridis, collected from the roof of Angel City Brewery in Downtown LA. Ladybug date night? Photo credit: Kelsey Bailey
A Curious Growth on a Ladybug
Sometimes I feel like I have seen it all when it comes to the bizarre happenings of the bug world. Like some sort of insect inception (insection?), there are insects that live on insects, insects that live inside other insects as parasites, and even parasites on the parasites of those insects! I see evidence of these strange phenonmena regularly as I sort samples of insects from Los Angeles, but recently I came across a ladybug that had something I had never seen before. On top of the hardened wing covers, which entomologists call elytra, were oblong projections that covered the beetle like a tacky orange shag rug. Were they eggs of a ladybug parasite? Or some sort of mite? I immediately asked our talented photographer, Kelsey Bailey, to take photos of this specimen so that I could share the image in hopes of unraveling the enigma.
A Sexually Transmitted Fungus
The astounding answer came from a colleague at the UC Riverside Entomology Research Museum, Dr. Doug Yanega. The mystery fuzz was identified as the parasitic Laboulbeniales fungus, which incredibly feeds off of internal vital fluids. This fungus is unlike any other; it is only found living on the exoskeletons of hard-bodied creatures like beetles and their kin, and must be spread by direct body-to-body contact. Fortunately for the fungus, some insects like to take it slow when it comes to mating, allowing for that direct contact needed for the fungus to spread. Certain ladybug species stay locked in copulation for a minimum of 30 minutes and as a group are known to have many different partners throughout their adult lifetime. These behaviors can benefit ladybugs in that they assist in successful sperm transfer and maximize genetic diversity, but they also give parasites ample time to hop ship from one ladybug lover to the other.
Seven spotted ladybugs, Coccinella septempunctata, mating via GIPHY
It Feeds on Blood!
The realization that the Laboulbeniales fungus, despite its flowery name, is essentially an insect STD, blew wide open my notion of what makes a fungus a fungus. While most fungi are important ecologically as decomposers and nutrient recyclers, Laboulbeniales are one of the most unusual, intriguing, and unfortunately poorly studied fungi. They do not form fruiting bodies, what most people know of as mushrooms, but consist only of a simple finger-like structure that attaches and bores into the exoskeleton. The insects' version of blood, called hemolymph, contains nutrients that the fungus happily sucks up. This is the living version of a pointed straw that you pierce into a child's juice box, but instead of fruit punch, in this case it's beetle blood!
Macrophotographs of the Laboulbeniales fungus.
A Non-lethal Dose
Fear not for the life of the ladybug who has been shagged by the Laboulbeniales fungus! Moderate infections do not appear to be lethal to the infected individual. A study done on yet another ladybug STD, a sexually transmitted mite, showed that the ladybug's life span was too short to succumb to the pressure of the parasite. In other words, they die of old age before the infections become serious. This ensures that future generations of ladybugs will continue to congregate and live out their free-love lifestyle in peace and harmony.
July 26, 2016
The author, Emily Hartop, investigating a phytotelma formed by exposed tree roots. Photo by Brian Brown.
One of the many benefits of doing research in urban environments is the ability to spend a day in "the field" by simply walking out your door. Brian Brown (Curator of Entomology at NHMLA) and I did just that on a recent morning, and found ourselves investigating some unexpected phytotelmata in the exposed roots of large Ficus trees growing in front of the Exposition Park Rose Garden next door to the NHMLA.
Phytotelma (plural phytotelmata) is a fancy word that translates as "plant pond" and refers to any captured water environments created by plants. Some plants have evolved specifically for this purpose, like carnivorous pitcher plants . Other phytotelmata are quite accidental, such as holes in logs or trees, bamboo internodes, or leaves or flowers that capture water. These ponds are often host to many types of immature aquatic insects, and can be teeming with life. The small ponds we found in the Ficus roots were no exception.
Immature mosquitoes thrive in murky phytotelmata! Photo by Brian Brown.
The first thing we noticed in these phytotelmata were hundreds and hundreds of mosquito larvae (photo above). Although the first pond we explored (pictured at top) was shallow and less than two feet long by eight inches wide, it easily contained several hundred mosquito larvae (detail photo of a larva below). This reinforced an important lesson about captured water: the smallest environment can breed incredible numbers of insects! This is why checking for standing water in potted plants, and overturning buckets so they don't collect water is so important. A container left carelessly in the backyard that collects a bit of sprinkler water can, within just a few days, turn into a house full of mosquitoes.
A mosquito larva displayed on a leaf. Photo by Brian Brown.
Although there were a number of aquatic maggots that we observed, many of them we will need to collect and rear to adulthood to identify. We did find one real beauty that is instantly recognizable, however! Eristalinus taeniops, an introduced flower fly whose larvae are commonly called "rat-tailed maggots" (see photo below) were buzzing around a particularly stagnant (and stinky!) phytotelma we investigated. It wasn't long before I spotted one of the large, squishy maggots in the putrid water, and thrust my hand into the rotting water! For science! The maggot is pictured below (my hands still smell)!
A rat-tailed maggot pulled from the stinky depths! Photo by Brian Brown.
Rat-tailed maggots are able to live in the smelliest, most stagnant of waters because of their breathing tube "tail". Although their beginnings are stinky and they aren't the most attractive of maggots (although I think they're adorable), as adults they are known as Stripe-eyed flower flies and they are the most gorgeous, impressive honey bee mimics you might ever see (photo below).
A stripe-eyed flower fly resting on a tree root near the phytotelma where we found rat-tailed maggots. Photo by Brian Brown.
This species was previously found in the NHMLA Nature Gardens, but attempts to locate the larvae nearby had been unsucessful. Perhaps these beauties have been developing in the phytotelmata next door for years! It was an amazing morning that exposed a miniature world so close by, but unexplored. It was a great example of what makes urban environments so exciting: they are constantly changing and full of unexpected surprises!
November 17, 2015
Riverside Citizen Science BioBlitz participants heading into the field.
On October 17, scientists and volunteers brought their equipment, expertise, and enthusiasm for biodiversity to Riverside Citizen Science's first-ever BioBlitz. Starting at dawn and "nature-partying" into the night, Riverside residents explored Sycamore Canyon Wilderness Park in search of floral and faunal diversity.
There are a variety of reasons why the intense sampling of plants and animals that defines a BioBlitz is important: to foster a community committed to environmental stewardship, to unite amateur and professional scientists to learn from one another, to document the astounding diversity of life that exists – even in urban environments – and, importantly, to provide baseline biological monitoring that can facilitate future management.
Sycamore Canyon is a case in point. The 1,500-acre park is of special interest to the Riverside County Habitat Conservation Agency because it is home to the endangered Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi). The Stephens' kangaroo rat is threatened by non-native, invasive grasses that can grow so thick that the rat cannot forage for seeds easily. To provide home improvement for the rat, Sycamore Canyon park managers have used sheep grazing in recent years to control the density of invasive plant species. Riverside Citizen Science BioBlitz participants helped uncover some of the secondary impacts of the grazing: grazed and ungrazed areas differ in their insect diversity.
An unexpected bonus: UCR entomologists found a decaying log with a termite colony in it. Everybody got to take turns collecting termites.
In the study of insect diversity, entomologists have developed a variety of methods to capture insects and measure the number of unique types (or "richness") of insects. One easy way to capture flying insects is with pan traps. Pan traps are simply bowls of soapy water, where the soap is added to minimize surface tension, trapping even the smallest insects. The color of the bowls is important: Entomologists around the world have found that yellow and blue bowls attract the most insects, with some types of insects more attracted to a particular color. Soapy water is poured over filter paper to remove the insects. Insects caught in the filter paper are brought back to the lab and identified.
At the Riverside Citizen Science BioBlitz, UC Riverside entomologists led groups of citizen scientists in deploying and collecting pan traps in grazed and ungrazed areas of habitat. The UC Riverside Entomology Museum's senior scientist, Dr. Doug Yanega, identified the collected insects under a microscope. Identifying all the species of insects in a new location is typically not possible; instead experts try to identify the insects to the lowest possible taxonomic level (or "taxa", for short). Really good taxonomists, like Doug, hope to classify insects to family. (This is akin to identifying a mammal – in the class Mammalia – to the family "Felidae", or cats.)
UCR entomologists and citizen scientists collecting insects from pan traps.
The next step was to count the number of distinct taxa in blue and yellow pan traps in grazed and ungrazed locations. While similar kinds of insects were found in grazed and ungrazed locations, greater richness was found in the ungrazed areas. We did not find a difference in diversity between blue and yellow traps, the two trap colors were similarly effective in measuring insect diversity at this BioBlitz. However, we did catch more aphids (family Aphididae), white flies (family Aleyrodidae), honey bees (species Apis mellifera), and hover flies (species Eupeodes volucris) in the yellow pan traps than in blue pan traps.
Ungrazed habitats support greater insect diversity. Pan traps in ungrazed habitats captured more unique kinds of insect taxa (greater richness) than pan traps in grazed habitats. The pan trap color (represented by the color of the bar) did not influence the diversity of insects captured, both yellow and blue pan traps were effective in measuring insect diversity.
We hypothesize that the difference in insect diversity is related to vegetation differences. Overall, we saw more plants than expected due to early rain that occurred two days before the Riverside BioBlitz. Normally, vegetation is dead or dormant in October in Riverside, after the hot, dry summer. Of the 50 plant species we recorded, some natives were even blooming: California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum), California sagebrush (Artemisia californica), black sage (Salvia mellifera), and fiddleneck (Amsinckia menziesii). However, the rain also helped invasives, where there appeared to be more invasives and higher overall vegetation cover in ungrazed areas compared to grazed areas. This highlights a big challenge in managing natural parks: a particular action (reducing invasive plants by sheep grazing) may have winners (the Stephens' kangaroo rat) and losers (insects).
Insect sampling continued into the night with a special night-time collection method. We set up a light trap (a mercury vapor lamp in front of a white sheet) to attract night-flying insects. The light trap mimics moonlight to attract insects that use the light of the moon and stars to aid in navigation.
UCR entomologists and citizen scientists collecting insects at night under a mercury vapor lamp.
It was during our nighttime insect sampling that we got our biggest surprise. We found a beetle, Pharaxonotha kirschii, from Texas that has never been seen in California before. Unfortunately, the beetle is a pest. We reported it to the USDA in the hopes that discovering it early will keep it from becoming a pest in California. These types of surprises are one of the reasons BioBlitzes are so useful (and thrilling).
Although the insect results are exciting, Riverside Citizen Science BioBlitz participants recorded other wildlife also. Citizen scientists led by local ornithologists recorded 22 year-round resident bird species. The hot day frustrated their hopes for a more extensive species list. We observed many individual lizards, represented by just four species: granite spiny lizard (Sceloporus orcutti), side-blotched lizard (Uta stansburiana), western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis), and orange-throated whiptail (Aspidoscelis hyperythra). Although we only saw a couple mammal species – squirrels and rabbits – we measured burrow sizes to better understand what kind of small mammals (such as Stephens' kangaroo rats) live in the park. Thanks to their scat, we also know coyote are in Sycamore Canyon Wilderness Park. At night, led by a bat biologist, Riverside Citizen Scientists used night vision goggles and sonic recorders to observe a number of California myotis bats (Myotis californicus).
While the insects stole the show in terms of overall diversity, the real stars at the first-ever Riverside Citizen Science BioBlitz were the citizen scientists who did the exploring, searching, collecting, counting. A BioBlitz is an intense and frenzied event that depends on the enthusiasm of many participants. We were blown away by the fantastic turnout and the eager curiosity on display throughout the whole day!
September 20, 2015
Being a resident of the most filmed city in the world, there are some buildings that I have as much familiarity with from portrayals on the silver screen as I do from my daily commute home. One such building is our iconic City Hall, completed in the 1920s in a fashion one architect described as an architectural hybrid "Modern American" style. Built from concrete taken from sand from all 58 Californian counties and mixed with water from all 21 Missions, this classy behemoth has been featured in dozens of films and TV shows (my personal favorite cameo is Carpenter's 1980s classic, "Escape from L.A.").
Photos above by Estella Hernandez. All photos below by Kelsey Bailey.
Standing at 450 feet, L.A.'s City Hall is a structural symbol of the growth and prosperity of its time, but to an urban biologist, the grounds surrounding it have a different potential; the opportunity for discovery of our wonderful wildlife. It was with this curious spirit that the NHMLA BioSCAN team partnered with LA City Councilmember Paul Koretz. We erected several insect traps on the grounds, in the trees, and on the south roof to see what types of bugs call City Hall their home. From just one summer month, we have so far identified several hundred species from over 90 families!
Some of the insects collected are very common backyard residents that most would recognize (Argentine ants, green lacewings, European honey bees), but the vast majority are surprising dwellers at the core of the city! Below are just a select few of the thousands of insects we found from our brief survey.
Ants, bees, and wasps (all in the insect order Hymenoptera) are the largest group found in these traps in terms of diversity, but also the smallest in terms of size. Thousands of microscopic wasps only a few millimeters in size were collected, as well as 6 different species of bee. Low ant diversity was expected: the traps we used mainly to collect flying, not crawling, insects. Above, micro-wasps associated with figs in the families Pteromalidae and Agaonidae. Below, metallic sweat bee (genus Agapostemon).
Flies to tantalize your eyes! This astonishingly diverse group of insects in the order
Diptera do everything from pollinating flowers to decomposing, to preying on other insects.
Measuring at almost 1 inch in length, predatory robber flies were some of the largest insects we collected (below).
Some flies like to make love on the wing, as was evidenced by the two pollen-feeding "window" flies collected in our trap in copula (below).
The third most common group we collected from City Hall include a wide variety of insects such as aphids, hoppers, assassin bugs and stink bugs, to name a few. Although some are pests on plants, many have beautifully colored markings and ornate stained-glassed patterned wings, such as this lace bug and the smoketree sharpshooter (below).
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November 12, 2014
The coffin fly. Image courtesy of Kelsey Bailey.
As you get into your car in the parking lot of the Trader Joe's in Silver Lake in Los Angeles, you might just be within arm's reach of cannibals. Not the human kind – but the insect variety.
Inside a wasp that is buzzing around a nearby bush dwells a bug known as the twisted wing parasite. These tiny insects are genetically close to flies and resemble nothing so much as a small black speck. But placing that speck under a microscope reveals huge, orb-like eyes that, as entomologist Emily Hartop puts it, look like sinister purple boysenberries.
Although the twisted wing parasite's name comes from the seemingly malformed wings of the male of the species, the female has no wings. In fact, she has no legs, not even functional mouthparts – she is literally just a sac containing eggs and fat cells.
Twisted wing parasite. Image courtesy of Kelsey Bailey.
When she is ready to mate, she partially burrows out of her wasp host's rear end, exposing her head and shoulders. She sends out an alluring chemical scent, a pheromone, to attract her mate, who flies in from afar and expertly inseminates her behind the head. She waits patiently for her eggs to develop and hatch. Then, she becomes a host of sorts: Her larvae slowly devour her as they thrive. When they are ready to search for their own wasp hosts, they wriggle out from behind her head, leaving her shell-like exoskeleton behind. Each female twisted wing parasite can bear 2,590 offspring this way. (The wasp survives the entire ordeal relatively unscathed; its only scar is that it is now sterile.)
This is one of the true tales of L.A. noir unfolding around you – down in the depths of the soil, around the corners of buildings, and under the bushes of Southern California's dark underbelly. I know about these monsters because I study insects at the Natural History Museum, where I work alongside the entomologists and volunteers (we call them "citizen scientists") who trap and find them. I can tell you that L.A. is no City of Angels so far as insects are concerned.
Death Becomes Her
Some of my favorite bugs congregate around dead bodies. One place you might find them is the Hollywood Forever Cemetery, possibly circling around the head of the Johnny Ramone statue. To the untrained eye, they might look like any old gnat. But each of these bugs has a pair of huge eyes that look like they're covered in mesh, long slender legs, and transparent wings. Couples like to meet in the air and fall to the ground in a moment of insect ardor. They are Conicera tibialis, more famously known as coffin flies.
After the mating pair has parted, the female fly locates dead or decaying tissue (by smell, scientists presume) so she can lay her eggs. She can burrow almost seven feet underground, which is good because, if she's looking for human tissue, it is often, as the adage says, about six feet under.
She lays her eggs in the nooks and crannies around the coffin, and lets her maggots do the stealthy work of sneaking into the actual casket. If all this seems like a lot of work, it is. Oftentimes these flies eschew the dead humans and instead go for easy pickings such as the pet dog you buried in the backyard last week.
Murder in the L.A. River
As the runners, bikers, and strollers make their way along the path next to the Los Angeles River in Frogtown, the water gurgles by and the bushes gently rustle in the wind. But this idyllic scene masks murders happening just beneath the water's surface.
Dragonfly nymph. Image courtesy of Chris Goforth.
Baby dragonflies, otherwise known as nymphs, are voracious predators. Measuring from the size of a peppercorn up to an inch and half, these muted brown bugs blend in nicely with the muddy bottom at this part of the L.A. River. When prey swims by – it could be a fish, a tadpole, or a dragonfly sibling — the nymph unleashes its hidden jaws-of-death. Within a microsecond, the jaws snap onto the stunned victim and pull it in to be eaten alive. Nymphs can consume multiple meals a day in the watery depths—they are true cold-blooded serial killers.
Off With Their Heads
Another of my favorite ghoulish insects was discovered last November in Glendale in the big yards of the big houses sitting snugly up against the Verdugo Mountains. There, a large ant serves as the mansion of tiny Pseudacteon californiensis, or the ant-decapitating fly. These ants, known as velvety tree ants, make for nice homes because they are larger than the usual black ants you find invading your cat's food bowl or committing suicide in your freezer during a heat wave. And they also have curb appeal: a velvety black abdomen and reddish-orange thorax. Perhaps that's why P. californiensis has evolved to infect this ant and no other.
Ant decapitating fly. Image courtesy of Kelsey Bailey.
Instead of a U-Haul, the female P. californiensis moves into her host by inserting her needle-like egg-laying device (ovipositor) into a weak point between two of the ant's abdominal plates. She lays one solitary egg and flies away.
Inside the ant, the egg hatches, and the maggot journeys to the ant's head, where it chews its way through various tissues. Eventually, the ant is decapitated and dies—and the adult fly emerges through the oral cavity in a scene reminiscent of a horror film.
Zombies are all the rage in Hollywood—but real zombified bees might actually be invading Los Angeles any day now. Since 2011, infected bees have been spotted from Seattle to Santa Barbara. We're not sure if they've arrived here already, but we recently set out traps in the Natural History Museum's Nature Gardens to find out.
"Zombees" begin their lives as normal honey bees, Apis mellifera. But when they meet a tiny honey-colored fly with dark eyes known as the zombie fly, Apocephalus borealis, these bees begin living a nightmare.
The tiny female zombie flies insert their needle-like ovipositor into the abdomens of their bee hosts. They typically deposit a number of eggs, which hatch into maggots after a few days. Up to 15 maggots can survive inside of one honeybee, eating the bee's insides. Right before the maggots are ready to turn into pupae, the next stage of their development, the zombee is somehow inspired to leave its hive at night—for what some call a flight of the living dead.
These zombified bees are attracted to light, circling porch lights or writhing under lit windows in the early hours of the morning. About seven days later, the maggots erupt en masse from the neck region of the bee. They then crawl a short distance away, pupate, and emerge as adult flies nine days later, ready to find their next victim.
When I pull dragonfly nymphs out of the L.A. River, or when I look at a zombie fly under a microscope, I revel in the fact that I'm privy to a tiny world that often goes unnoticed. Some people are afraid of bugs – and if you know what they're doing to each other, it's not hard to understand why. But bugs define our city as much as people do. If we don't understand their lives and worry about their future, we're not planning for our own future, either. And in a town that's full of sequels and remakes and adaptations, the true stories of their lives are much stranger than our Hollywood fiction.
With special thanks to the Museum's BioSCAN (Biodiversity Science City and Nature) staff, particularly principal investigator Dr. Brian Brown, who designed and implemented the study of L.A.'s insects that discovered many of the creatures highlighted in this article. For more information about BioSCAN, check out the project page.
*This was originally written for Zocalo Public Square
September 9, 2013
Did you know there are small wasps here in Los Angeles that are potters? No, I don't mean some sort of weird waspish Harry Potter fan club—although that sounds like something I'd be totally into—I mean wasps that use mud to make miniature pots. Take a look at the craftsmanship, the sharply narrowed neck and that wide fluted rim, exquisite!
Photo taken by NHMLA Head Gardener Richard Hayden, with my fingertip for some perspective!
This "pot" was constructed by a small wasp (one of those solitary wasps that are not prone to stinging us humans), which entomologists call potter wasps. However, this wasp wasn't just being artistic, she constructed this pot for a purely utilitarian function—it is actually a nest for an egg!
A few weeks ago during a California Naturalist training, I spotted this beauty on one of our Baccharis plants in the Nature Gardens. Richard snapped a picture for me, as I was hoping there would be a way to identify the species of wasp that made this piece of pottery. I posted the picture to the Bugguide website, and had some luck!
According to Ken Wolgemuth this nest was constructed by a potter wasp in the genus Eumenes, which literally translated from Greek means "gracious, kindly." Although if you were an immature moth or beetle, you wouldn't necessarily think so well of them. In fact you might find another explanation for the name more appropriate, even if it is less likely to be true. Some say the name is derived from Eumenides, the Greek winged goddesses of a vengence, and since these winged wasps provision their nests with caterpillars and grubs, it seems like poetic justice to me!
After the nest has been constructed, the female wasp lays an egg, and then flies off to find and sting small caterpillars or grubs. The paralyzed prey is deposited in the pot alongside the egg, and the pot is sealed up. Which eerily reminds me of scenes from horror films where people are buried alive! Soon after the egg hatches and devours the still fresh insect meat, and then pupates. The adult wasp emerges to complete the cycle over again and lend a hand in controlling pesky moths and beetles in your garden!
Dying to see what these wasps look like? Here's a picture to satisfy your curiosity:
Photo of a Floridian potter wasp, Eumenes fraternus, from What's That Bug website
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May 2, 2013
You better not! However, just in case you do I have a line of curative agents perfect for any and all afflicted with such exhibit ennui. The elixirs I speak of are our new L.A. nature exhibits, Nature Lab and Nature Gardens, and they're about to open on June 9!
I've written loads of posts about both exhibits, so I thought it might be interesting to have a guest writer this week (I swear it's not because I'm too busy)! Dean Pentcheff from our Research and Collections staff is going to answer the question that everyone will be asking when the Nature Gardens open, who's camping in that tent out there?
"Peek between the bushes in the Nature Garden and you'll see what looks like someone's overnight camping spot. We do host overnight sleepovers at NHMLA but we don't do it in the garden (at least not yet). What's going on here?
Photo by Phyllis Sun
The "tent," as it turns out, is actually an insect trap. It is no coincidence that it looks like a tent. Its inventor, René Malaise, was inspired by watching insects in his own tent while he was on tropical collecting trips. Insects bumping into an obstruction, like a tent wall (or the vertical mesh of the Malaise trap), tend to fly up to escape. The conical top deflects them up further to the topmost part of the cone. There, our arthropod guests find a hole to a plastic jar full of ethanol — their last drink, and a preservative that lets us keep them for the Museum's collection in good physical condition and with their DNA available for genetic research.
Why such an elaborate insect trap in the Nature Gardens? This trap is one of about thirty that we're setting up between downtown L.A. and the Griffith Park area as part of our BioSCAN project (BioSCAN stands for Biodiversity Science: City and Nature). Our goals are to develop a good inventory of L.A. insect diversity and to see how insect diversity differs between inner urban areas and outer less-urbanized areas. That's the reason for the mini-weather station next to every trap. Measuring physical parameters like temperature, humidity, soil temperature, and moistness will help us develop explanations for the diversity differences we will see.
Dean explaining BioSCAN
The beauty of the Malaise trap, as René Malaise put it in his original publication, is that they can "… catch all the time, by night as well as by day, and never be forced to quit catching when it was best because dinner-time was at hand." That also means that we'll have thousands of samples to sort. You can come watch us do it (and volunteer to help, if you want) in the Nature Lab when that opens in June."
Thanks Dean
So if you're interested in finding out what a robber fly really looks like, and how many of them we've caught in our Malaise trap, stop by the Museum on or after June 9 and ask us...you never know Dean might actually be the scientist you get to talk too.
p.s. he's awesome!
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June 15, 2012
Last week, Tania Perez, who is on our Museum education staff, found a cockroach crawling on our office wall! Said roach was quickly trapped and contained and was waiting for me when I got back to my office. Here in North America we have 55 species of cockroach (there are 3500 total in the world)! Of these 55 species, six in California are considered pests. The American Cockroach is the largest of these six roaches, with individuals reaching a maximum of 2 inches in length. Surprisingly, this roach isn't from America at all. It actually native to Africa. The species is also known as the ship cockroach and has hitched rides on ships traveling from Africa to the U.S. A likely apocryphal story, it paints the picture in such a way as to imply it was slave ships during the 1600s that inadvertently transported these insects to our shores. Although this roach is sometimes found in our homes (or on our office walls) it is much more often found living in sewer tunnels, steam vents, and industrial buildings. They are prolific breeders and, according to UC Davis, a "female and her offspring can produce over 800 cockroaches in one year." Females produce egg cases that are small, brown, and bean shaped. These egg cases are deposited in sheltered spaces and after five to seven weeks, they hatch. It takes just over a year for a cockroach to develop to adulthood, and they can live another year as an adult. What makes these creatures particularly impressive is they can go two to three months without any food, one month without water, and even up to a week without their head! That's right. Cockroaches, like other insects, have a decentralized nervous system, and can therefore survive, even walk around, without their head!
After dispatching (aka freezing)...Check out UC Davis' Integrated Pest Management cockroach information sheet!


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- Applications: Bearings (BQ)
Supplier: ASTM International
Description: STANDARD PRACTICE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF STANDARD ELECTRICAL STEEL GRADES IN ASTM SPECIFICATIONSShow More
Supplier: IHS Product Design
Description: STANDARD PRACTICE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF STANDARD ELECTRICAL STEEL GRADES IN ASTM SPECIFICATIONSShow More
Description: for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts ASTM A194 - Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both ASTM F594-01 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Nuts SAE J995 - Mechanical and Material Requirements for Steel Nuts ASME
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- Type: Nylon Insert Nut
- Metric Size: M4, M5, M6, M8, M10, M12, M14, M16, M18, M20, M22, M24, M27, M30, M33, M36, M42, M48
- Material: Nylon, Plastic, Steel, Stainless Steel, Other Metal
- Standards: ASME / ANSI, SAE, Other
Description: Heavy hex bolts have a head that is larger than a standard (finish) hex head. Standard heavy hex bolts are made of low to mid carbon steel. The large head offers a greater bearing surface that distributes the clamping load over a greater area. The ASTM A307 specification covers carbon steel bolts
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- Bolt Type: Hexagon Bolt / Tap Bolt
- Inch: 1/2", 5/8", 3/4", 7/8", 1", 1 1/8", 1 1/4", 1 3/8", 1 1/2"
- Material: Stainless Steel, Other
- Fastener Standards: Other
Standards and Technical Documents - Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon, and Alloy, for General Industrial Use, Single User PDF Download -- M102MM102-06-UL
Description: This specification covers untreated and heat-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for general industrial use. ASTM specifications for forgings are available for specific applications such as pressure vessels, railroad use, turbine generators, gearing, and others involving special temperatureShow More
Supplier: ASTM International
Description: resistance. These additions may consist of elements such as phosphorus, silicon, nickel, chromium, and copper within the limits prescribed in ASTM specifications A 242 and A 588. Ideally and boldly exposed coupons of weathering steels corrode at low rates in atmospheric exposure tests. Therefore producersShow More
Description: from 0.25-3 in (6.35-76.20 mm) in diameter. ASTM A449 Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs ASTM F593 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs METRIC STANDARDS SAE J1199 Mechanical and Material Requirements for Metric Externally
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- Metric: M4, M5, M6, M8, M10, M12, M14, M16, M18, M20, M22, M24, M27, M30, M33, M36
- Fastener Standards: ASME / ANSI, DIN, ISO, SAE
Description: object. It exerts a clamping force through the bottom tip that projects through the hole. Set screws can have a variety of tips, including but not limited to - cup point, knurled point, cone point and dog point. GOVERNING STANDARDS ASTM A574 - Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Socket-Head Cap
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- Screw Type: Shoulder Screw
- Inch: 1/4", 5/16", 3/8", 1/2", 5/8", 3/4", 1"
- Length: 0.3750 to 1 inch
- Head Type: Socket Head Cap
Description: object. It exerts a clamping force through the bottom tip that projects through the hole. Set screws can have a variety of tips, including but not limited to - cup point, knurled point, cone point and dog point. GOVERNING STANDARDS ASTM A574 - Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Socket-Head Cap
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- Screw Type: Set Screw
- Metric: M1.6, M2, M2.5, M3, M4, M5, M6, M8, M10, M12, M16, M20
- Head Type: Socket Head Cap
- Material: Other
Description: Cold Drawn Steel Tube, Made of ASTM A179 Model Number: LD 001-PP05 Key Specifications/Special Features: Materials: ASTM A179, ASTM A192 Length: SRL, DRL or customized OD: 6 to 168mm WT: 1 to 10mm Packing: plastic pipe cap, plastic bag and steel strips bundled Applications: petroleum, chemical
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- Material: Steel - Carbon and Alloy, Other
- Standard Nominal English Sizes: 10"
- Metric Sizes: <10mm, 10mm - 20mm, 20mm - 30mm, 30mm - 40mm, 40mm - 50mm, 50mm - 100mm, 100mm - 200mm
- Wall Thickness: 0.0394 to 0.3937 inch
Description: Tee Fitting, Made of ASTM A420 WPHY42 Carbon Steel, Measures 1/2 to 72 Inches. Model Number: LD 014-PF3 Key Specifications/Special Features: Materials: Carbon steel: ASTM A234 WPB, WPC, ASTM A420 WPL1, WPL3, WPL6 and WPHY-42/46/52/56/60/65/70 Stainless steel: ASTM A403 WP304/304L, WP316/316/L
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- Fitting Style: Tee
- English Size: All English Sizes, 1/2", 5/8", 3/4", 7/8", 1", 1 1/4", 1 1/2", 2", 2 1/2", 3", 3 1/2", 4", 5", 6", 8", 10", 12", 14", 16", 18", 20", 22", 24", 26", 28", 30", 32",
- Material: Steel - Carbon & Alloy, Steel - Stainless, Other
Description: ASTM A106 Carbon Steel Seamless Pipes, According with International Standard, Sized 1/2 to 72-inch Model Number: LD 001-PP03 Key Specifications/Special Features: •Materials: •Stainless steel: TP304, TP304L, TP316, TP316L, TP310S, TP321 and TP202•Carbon steel: ASTM A53/A106, ASTM
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- Material: Steel - Carbon and Alloy, Other
- Standard Nominal English Sizes: 1/2", 3/4", 1", 1 1/4", 1 1/2", 2", 2 1/2", 3", 3 1/2", 4", 5", 6", 8", 10", 12", 14", 16", 18", 20", 22", 24", 26", 28", 30", 32", 34", 36", Other Size
- Section Shape: Round
- Application: Chemical, Gases, Other
Supplier: ASCO Valve, Inc.
Description: • Designed to meet vibration and/or shock per ISA specification S71.03C2. High shock construction • Handles aggressive atmosphere per salt resistance testing (ASTM B117) •Most hardware is stainless steel, and all aluminum components are hard anodized and Nituff ® coated
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- Valve Size: 0.3750 inch
- Pressure Rating: 125 psi
- Media Temperature: 200 F
- Media Description: Water (General)
Description: Steel Spec EPOXY PRIMER is the industrial coatings market's first non-zinc containing, Class B-rated, polyamide epoxy coating for slip coefficient performance and bolted connections per ASTM and AISC specifications. Fast dry with fast handle time Corrosion resistant Meets Class B
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- Type: Coating, Primer
- Technology: Thermoset
- Substrate / Surface: Metal, Steel, Other
- Chemistry: Epoxy, Resin Base / Polymer Binder, Other
Standards and Technical Documents - MAINTENANCE AND REHABILITATION CONSIDERATIONS FOR CORROSION CONTROL OF ATMOSPHERICALLY EXPOSED EXISTING STEEL-REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES -- NACE SP0390Supplier: NACE International
Description: General This standard presents corrosion control guidelines that are applicable to existing atmospherically exposed structures made of concrete conventionally reinforced with carbon steel (ASTM(1) A 6151). These guidelines may be used to develop specifications involving repair and rehabilitationShow More
Description: Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components - Visual Method for Evaluation of Surface Irregularities (ANSI-approved American National Standard) This Standard Practice is intended to supplement the requirements of ASTM Specifications A216/A 216MShow More
Supplier: PennEngineering
Description: . - - 1.91 mm Min. Dist. Hole C/L to Edge - - 7.87 mm Thread Specification - - ANSI/ASME B1.13M, 6H Material - - 300 Series Stainless Steel Finish - - Passivated and/or tested per ASTM A380 For Use in Sheet Hardness - - HRB 70 or less (Hardness Rockwell "B" Scale) /HB 125 or less
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- Type: Captive Screws
- Metric Thread: M3
- Hole Size (Diameter): 0.2811 inch
- Finish: Other
Supplier: Conax Technologies
Description: in this application. All specifications qualified thermocouples are manufactured from ASTM E585 thermocouple material utilizing the highest purity insulation materials yielding superior insulation resistance at elevated temperatures. The thermocouples are manufactured and tested at various points during
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- Basic Element Used: Thermocouple
- Probe Configuration: Flexible Probe
Supplier: Despatch Industries
Description: Meets your testing requirements The Qmax High Performance Benchtop oven is specifically designed to meet the frequent air changes and tight temperature uniformity required of the ASTM 5423 Type I & Type II oven specification. A high-volume fan circulates air through perforated, stainless steel
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- Capacity: 31.42 gallons
- Application: Aging, Curing, Drying, Other
- External Configuration: Bench / Cabinet
- Heat Source / Transfer: Electric / Resistance
Supplier: Walter Surface Technologies
Description: pure zinc Dull finish, dries to touch in 3-5 min. Meets ASTM A780 & MIL specifications Applications Manufacturing, repair, and installation of fencing, outside structures, playground and sports equipment, scaffolding, ducting and air conditioning systems, marine equipment, and architectural
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- Substrate / Surface: Metal, Steel, Other
- Industry: OEM / Industrial
Description: Square Stainless Steel Pipes with 1/8 to 10 Inches Size, Used for Fluid and Gas Transport. Model Number:LD 001-SSP2 Key Specifications/Special Features: Materials: TP304, TP304L, TP310/S, TP316L, TP316/316L dual grade, TP317L, TP321 and TP347 Standards: ASTM (ASME) SA, A312 and M Sizes: 1/8
Show More
- Material: Steel - Stainless
- Standard Nominal English Sizes: 1/8", 1/4", 3/8", 1/2", 3/4", 1", 1 1/4", 1 1/2", 2", 2 1/2", 3", 3 1/2", 4", 5", 6", 8", 10"
- Pipe Schedule (if applicable): 5S, 10S, 40S, 80S, 10, 20, 40, 80, 120, 160
- Section Shape: Rectangular
Standards and Technical Documents - RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR WELDING OF CHROMIUM-MOLYBDENUM STEEL PIPING AND TUBING -- AWS D10.8Supplier: American Welding Society (AWS)
Description: are addressed in a wide range of documents, including: (1) ASTM Material Specifications (2) ASME Codes for Pressure Piping, B31 (a) Power Piping (ANSI/ASME B31.1) (b) Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping (ANSI/ASME B31.3) (3) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes (Sections I, IIA, IIC, VIIIShow More
Description: All thread rods and studs are used for general purpose fastening for anything from an anchor bolt to a through bolt. A variety of grades and materials are available including stainless steel. Threaded rod is available in a variety of strengths. Low carbon all thread and studs are usually provided
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- Inch: # 0000, # 000, # 00, # 0, # 1, # 2, # 3, # 4, # 5, # 6, # 7, # 8, # 9, # 10, # 12, # 14, 1/4", # 16, # 18, 5/16", # 20, # 24, 3/8", 7/16", 1/2", 5/8", 3/4", 7/8", 1", 1 1/8", 1 1/4", 1 3/8", 1 1/2", 1 3/4", 2", 2 1/4", 2 1/2", 2 3/4", 3", Other
- Metallic: Stainless Steel
- Fastener Standards: ASME / ANSI
Description: All thread rods and studs are used for general purpose fastening for anything from an anchor bolt to a through bolt. A variety of grades and materials are available including stainless steel. Threaded rod is available in a variety of strengths. Low carbon all thread and studs are usually provided
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- Stud Attachment: Threaded
- Stud Shape: Round
- Inch: # 0000, # 000, # 00, # 0, # 1, # 2, # 3, # 4, # 5, # 6, # 7, # 8, # 9, # 10, # 12, # 14, 1/4", # 16, # 18, 5/16", # 20, # 24, 3/8", 7/16", 1/2", 5/8", 3/4", 7/8", 1", 1 1/8", 1 1/4", 1 3/8", 1 1/2", 1 3/4", 2", 2 1/4", 2 1/2", 2 3/4", 3", Other
- Metallic: Stainless Steel
Supplier: PennEngineering
Description: Specifications - Thread Size - - .190-32 (#10-32) Type - - PS10 Thread Code - - 032 Screw Length Code - - 40 E Nom. - - .280 in H + .002 -.006 - - .075 in L ± .010 - - .330 in T Nom. - - .130 in Thread Specification1 - - ANSI B1.1, 2A Material - - 300 Series Stainless Steel Finish
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- Inch: # 0, # 10
- Length: 0.1300 inch
- Material: Stainless Steel
- Fastener Standards: ASME / ANSI
Supplier: jbj Techniques Limited
Description: . Manufactured in ASTM 105 or AISI 316L. jbj Techniques now produces and markets an innovative range of pipe flanges for fluid systems. Designed for pressures up to 450 bar, flow rates up to 20,000 l.p.m. and pipe sizes between 20 and 220 mm outside diameter. They are specifically aimed at the steel
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- Fitting Style: Elbow - 90°
- Connection Selection: Flange
- Special Features: Plated / Surface Treatment
- Material: Steel - Carbon & Alloy
Standards and Technical Documents - ANSI A42.4 Standard Document -- SPECIFICATIONS FOR INTERIOR LATHING AND FURRING
Description: be followed. Details of construction to achieve required fire resistance may be obtained from official reports of fire tests conducted at recognized fire testing laboratories in accordance with USA Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials, A2.1-1956 (ASTM E 119 - 55).1Show More
Supplier: Allmark Door
Description: ) silencer holes.Provides considerable longer life expectancy than primer painted cold rolled steel.Delivers superior resistance to corrosive elements.Offers excellent paint adhesion characteristics.Requires minimal maintenance.Conforms to ASTM A-525, A526 specifications with A25 (0.25 oz. both sides
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- Application: Commercial, Industrial
- Location: Exterior Doors
- Type: Entry Doors
- Width: 24 to 60 inch
Supplier: Metal Cutting Corporation
Description: degassing technologies. We can perform citric acid or nitric acid passivation following the ASTM 967 specifications and procedures for all parts processed.
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- Capabilities: Sandblasting
- Services : New / OEM Parts
- Material / Substrate: Aluminum, Ceramic, Copper / Copper Alloys, Steel / Steel Alloys, Stainless Steel, Iron / Cast Iron, Metal, Nickel / Nickel Alloys, Titanium, Specialty / Other
- Industry: Aerospace, Automotive, Electronics, Medical / Healthcare
Supplier: RuB, Inc.
Description: Features and Specifications: Steam rating: 150 psi WSP NACE MR-0175 full compliance ISO 5211 Actuator Mounting Pad Blow-out proof stem design Anti-Static device Adjustable stem packing Locking device Body: ASTM A351 Gr. CF8M ME-PTFE Seal kits: Replaces PTFE, RPTFE and FPA Low deformation
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- Valve Type: Ball Valves
- Primary Material of Construction: Stainless Steel
- Valve Size: 2 to 4 inch
- Number of Ports/Ways: 2
Supplier: Tech Met Inc.
Description: Tech Met has been dedicated to providing responsive, competent and high quality chemical milling services on fabricated components since 1988. Tech Met conducts a variety of chem-mill related processes including: Passivation to QQ-P-35, ASTM 967, ASTM A380 and other processes Abrasive Blasting
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- Capabilities: Abrasive Blasting
- Material / Substrate: Steel / Steel Alloys, Stainless Steel, Metal, Nickel / Nickel Alloys, Titanium
- Industry: Aerospace, Automotive, Commercial / Professional, Machine Tools, Medical / Healthcare, Military Specification, OEM / Industrial, Process Equipment
- Location: North America, United States Only, Northeast US Only
Supplier: Restek
Description: Stable up to 450 °C—lowest bleed for longest column lifetime. Reliably meet all ASTM D6352, D7169, and D7500 specifications. 100% dimethyl polysiloxane phase allows easy comparisons to historical data. Accurate boiling point determination for medium and heavy fractions using GC
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- Column Type: Capillary Column
- Construction Material: Steel - Stainless
- Column Length: 5 to 10 m
- Inner Diameter (ID): 530 µm
Find Suppliers by Category Top
Featured Products Top
Xiamen Landee Industries Co., Ltd.
ANSI B16.49 Carbon Steel Bend, ASTM A53 GR.B, 26 "
Type: Carbon Steel Bend. Standard: ANSI B16.49. Material: ASTM A53 GR.B. Size: 26". R=6D. Degree: 30 . Wall Thickness: 19.05mm. Ends: BW. (read more)
Browse Industrial Pipe Datasheets for Xiamen Landee Industries Co., Ltd.
Ford Fasteners, Inc.
Quality Stainless Steel Tapping Screws
Ford Fasteners, Inc. offers it's complete line of tapping screws. Offered in both Type A and Type B formats, screw specs are offered with six different types of heads and a variety of sizes. Their line of tapping screws are also offered in both 410 Bright Hardened Stainless Steel or 7/16 AF Indented Hex Steel Zinc Plated, depending on the specs selected. Type A Tapping Screws - 410 Bright Hardened Stainless Steel. Size Range: 4 x 1/4 - 10 x 2. Head Types: PHILLIPS PAN. PHILLIPS FLAT. INDENTED... (read more)
Browse Screws Datasheets for Ford Fasteners, Inc.
Ford Fasteners, Inc.
Long Lasting Quality Steel Screws
We're not celebrating our 53rd anniversary of being in business... We're celebrating 53 years of satisfied customers. After 53 years, we can safely say that top quality fasteners sell. And with over 25 years of manufacturing and selling experience, Ford can design and produce fasteners to any requirement. When common screws just won't do, turn to the quality of Ford's 410 stainless steel screws. Products. Self-Drilling Screws. Thread Cutting Screws. Tapping Screws. Self-Piercing Screws. Ford... (read more)
Browse Self-sealing Fasteners Datasheets for Ford Fasteners, Inc.
Renold Jeffrey
Welded Steel Chain-Rugged, Reliable Performance
Reduce problems and increase production with Renold Jeffrey Engineering Class Chains. Our complete line of Welded Steel Chains are made for applications subject to punishing conditions such as high shock loads, dust and debris, conveying up steep inclines and lifting heavy loads. Quality from Start to Finish. Renold Jeffrey Welded Steel Chains start with ASTM Certified American Steel to ensure that our finished chain quality is second to none. Our construction process includes numerous steps... (read more)
Browse Roller Chain Datasheets for Renold Jeffrey
Renold Canada
Welded Steel Chain-Rugged, Reliable Performance
Reduce problems and increase production with Renold Canada Engineering Class Chains. Our complete line of Welded Steel Chains are made for applications subject to punishing conditions such as high shock loads, dust and debris, conveying up steep inclines and lifting heavy loads. Quality from Start to Finish. Renold Jeffrey Welded Steel Chains start with ASTM Certified American Steel to ensure that our finished chain quality is second to none. Our construction process includes numerous steps... (read more)
Browse Roller Chain Datasheets for Renold Canada
Ford Fasteners, Inc.
410 Stainless Steel Self-Piercing Screws
410 Stainless Steel Self-Piercing Screws. Ideal for awnings, gutters and the H.V.A.C. trade. With the addition of a stainless steel sealing washer these parts are commonly used to fasten sheet to wood framing and studs in farm and industrial metal building applications. All of Ford's self-piercing screws have a 1/4" hex washer head. Our #10 diameter screws have a higher head height to guarantee a dependable, positive drive. To assure added corrosion resistance, we can provide all of our... (read more)
Browse Screws Datasheets for Ford Fasteners, Inc.
Xiamen Landee Industries Co., Ltd.
A268 UNS S44600 Stainless Steel Pipe, 1/2 Inch, 6M
Type: Stainless Steel Pipe. Size: 1/2". Length: 6M. Wall Thickness: SCH 160. Ends: PE. Material: A268 UNS S44600. (read more)
Browse Industrial Pipe Datasheets for Xiamen Landee Industries Co., Ltd.
Ulbrich Stainless Steels & Special Metals, Inc.
Designed to be a seawater resistant material
Al-6XN Stainless Steel, UNS N08367. Applications: Components for chemical processing, offshore oil/gas platforms, pulp/paper production, desalination plants, marine application, flue gas scrubbers and food processing. AL-6XN (R) is low carbon, nitrogen bearing super austenitic stainless steel. The alloy was designed to be a seawater resistant material and has been found to be resistant to a broad range of corrosive environments. Due to the alloy 's corrosion resistance and high strength, AL-6XN... (read more)
Browse Rolled Metals and Drawn Metals Datasheets for Ulbrich Stainless Steels & Special Metals, Inc.
Tech Met Inc.
Tech Met conducts a variety of chem-mill related processes including: Chemical De-burring of steel, stainless steel and nickel chrome alloys. Electro Chemical Milling (ECM). Passivation to QQ-P-35, ASTM 967, ASTM A380 and other processes. Abrasive Blasting using a variety of media. Pickling of stainless and LCS components for oxide removal (read more)
Browse Deburring and Deflashing Services Datasheets for Tech Met Inc.
ASTM International
Heat Induction Treatment of Metal - New standard
A new ASTM International standard will help those who both provide and use induction-heat treatment to strengthen metals. While guides and specifications already exist to qualify standard heat treating furnaces, this new standard will be the first generally accepted guide for qualification of induction heat treating, which heats metal electronically by passing it through a series of coils. The new standard was developed by ASTM 's committee on steel, stainless steel, and related alloys (A01... (read more)
Browse Standards and Technical Documents Datasheets for ASTM International
Conduct Research Top
Structural Steel Designer's HandBook: AISC, AASHTO, AISI, ASTM, AREMA, and ASCE-07 Design Standards, Fourth Edition
Structural Steel Designer's HandBook: AISC, AASHTO, AISI, ASTM, AREMA, and ASCE-07 Design Standards, Fourth Edition. With handy tables, charts, formulas, and illustrations, this book discusses the latest developments in materials, methods, codes, and standards in building and bridge design.
An Introduction to ASTM B898, The Reactive and Refractory Metal Clad Specification (.pdf)
In 1999 the ASTM B10 committee Task Force on Clad Metal completed development and approvals of a specification covering Reactive and Refractory Metal Clad Plate. The task force effort included participation by representatives from equipment fabricators, chemical companies, metal manufacturers
Shaping Steel at 45 MPH
-- usually according to ASTM's table of standard thicknesses. The machines must regulate the thickness of a 10-ft-wide sheet of steel that can be 45,000-ft long. The raw-coiled steel runs between two rollers that exert a force from 100 k to 4 M-lb to regulate the final thickness of the sheet. Controlling
Bearing Performance Under Extreme Pressure Conditions
lubricants to determine the effect of Dicronite dry lubrication on seizure load, weld point and load-wear index in sliding-on-steel conditions using the Four Ball Method (ASTM D-2783).
Medical Device Link .
Coating on small-part mandrels won 't flake Forming mandrels for manufacturing small-diameter parts feature a uniform fluoropolymer coating that is pinhole free and will not flake. APC PTFE Natural fluoropolymer forming mandrels made from stainless-steel or nitinol wire are available from Applied
Leakproof tubular welds
metal-arc welding (GMAW) to attach UNS 1018 pinch bolts to ASTM A512 tubes. They are used in monotube shocks that provide vehicles with an ultrasmooth ride. Problem is, welding leaktight annular joints between the cast-iron pinch bolt and carbon-steel tube isn't necessarily an easy or economical
Metallurgy makes or breaks tube fittings
The best tube fittings balance hardness, strength, and corrosion resistance. Parker Hannifin's Suparcase ferrule-hardening process does not require the high temperatures and long durations of more-conventional case-hardening procedures that, in turn, lower stainless steel's corrosion resistance
MICRO: Critical Material
several changes in those standards pertaining to the composition, surface finish and quality, corrosion resistance, and welding of stainless steel and other corrosion-resistant alloys for gas- and liquid-distribution components and systems. Each of the following standards has undergone significant
The Uniformity Of Shot Peening Induced Residual Stress (.pdf)
Two rectangular samples of ASTM SA 508 Class 2. steel, stress relieved and shot peened to 14-16A. intensity, were examined in detail to determine the. principal macroscopic residual stress distribution. The uniformity of the shot peening induced. macroscopic residual stresses with orientation
Structural applications that require specific corrosion resistance or elevated temperature strength receive the necessary properties from nickel and its alloys. Some nickel alloys are among the toughest structural materials known. When compared to steel, other nickel alloys have ultrahigh strength
MICRO:February 1998:Product Technology News
series tubing is made of 316L stainless steel and comes in stock lengths of 20 ft. Its diameters range from 11 2 to 4 in. Tube ends are square faced to +-0.002 per inch of diameter for orbital welding. Made for oxygen distribution and other high-purity processes, the tubing is mechanically polished
of 0 160 F and thermal error of 3/40.0006% F. Each transducer comes with a four-year warranty. Mill lengths and sizes of all 300-series stainless-steel and aluminum tubes and pipes are available from stock for quick delivery. Nickel/nickel-based alloy tubing and pipe also can be ordered from
Things To Know When Considering A Structural Mezzanine
states like California, Oregon, Washington, Utah, and Nevada where moderate to high Seismic Zone requirements come into play. A properly design structural mezzanine should meet IBC codes, AISC & ASTM standards and OSHA requirements. NOTE: IBC (International Building Code) is now governing in most
More Information Top
7. Reconciliation of American and European Steel Specifications
Some of the principal differences between Euro- pean and ASTM steel specifications may be sum- marized as follows: .
Formulas for Stress Strain and Structural Matrices 2nd Edition Complete Document
… its major thread diameter, A , shall be larger than the nominal body area b of the rod before upsetting times 0.60σ y s . j See Table 2, Numerical Values Section, for values for specific ASTM steel specifications . k For A325 and …

subset: commoncrawl


text: Just a question for future reference. My only reliable source of income at the moment is my (22 years) military pension, so my whole personal allowance is used against that before the taxman takes his 20%. Any seasonal work I get is all taxed at the basic rate. I hope to be in full-time, gainful employment next year once I've finished my course and I was wondering what to do with the personal allowance; Keep it all on the pension and pay 20% on all my earnings? Put it on my earnings and pay 20% on everything else? Split it between them? I only ask because during the resettlement financial brief the advisor mentioned in passing that "you will all obviously put the allowance against your earnings" with out going into any detail why (my brief calculations saw no advantage either way). Also I had my allowance split briefly between the pension and a summer job (something I didn't know was possible) until I asked for it to be changed back. Any advice? What do those of you lucky enough to have a job do about it? Rearguards


text:
Shopify is one of the most popular e-commerce systems that we see. Here are some details about how to integrate AvantLink into Shopify.
PLEASE NOTE: We provide this information "as-is" as a courtesy to our clientele, and as such, it may contain typos, get outdated, go out of style, be factually incorrect, or considered 'using cheats' if playing on hard mode. We cannot vouch for it's seaworthiness; sail at your own risk, and please email us with any improvements we can make!
Tracking Integration
Shopify Documentation
Site-Wide Script
Order Confirmation Script
Shopify Variables
Shopify Test Mode
Datafeed Export
Shopify Documentation
Liquid Template Version
Tracking Integration
Shopify's "How to add tracking" documentation can be found here:
Use our standard site-wide script:
(function() {
var avm = document.createElement('script'); avm.type = 'text/javascript'; avm.async = true;
avm.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://' : 'http://') + 'cdn.avmws.com/[SITE_ID]/';
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(avm, s);
Full Order Confirmation script, with Shopify variables in place, and the 'for each item' loop:
var _AvantMetrics = _AvantMetrics || [];
_AvantMetrics.push(['order',{ order_id:'{{order_number}}', amount:'{{subtotal_price | money_without_currency}}', state:'{{billing_address.province_code}}', country:'{{billing_address.country_code}}' }]);
{% for line in line_items %}
_AvantMetrics.push(['item',{ order_id:'{{order_number}}', variant_sku:'{{line.product.id}}', price:'{{line.price | money_without_currency}}', qty:'{{line.quantity}}' }]);
{% endfor %}
<script type="text/javascript">
(function() {
var avm = document.createElement('script'); avm.type = 'text/javascript'; avm.async = true;
avm.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://' : 'http://') + 'cdn.avmws.com/[SITE_ID]/';
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(avm, s);
Please notice that here it shows product.id for the SKU, but you may need a different variable, such as line.sku if you use SKUs instead of Shopify's standard "Product IDs" on your datafeed that you provide us.
See this link for even more product-related details:
Note: The "Thank You" page via Shopify's platform, requires that the first snippet (standard site-wide Tracking Script) to be placed after the Order Confirmation script, in the "Additional content and scripts" text field. (This is because Shopify places all code in this text field below all html in the DOM. Therefore, to ensure the AvantLink library is referenced after the order tracking component it must be manually placed after the order tracking component in the "Additional content and scripts" text field.)
Shopify Variables
Link to a list of Product related variables used by Shopify / Liquid
Note: A useful one may be "collections.title", as this is effectively a Category of items. By defining this, passing it to us (using the Liquid Template below, for example), we may be able to use that to target specific items, or create multiple datafeeds, etc.
Shopify Test Mode
Shopify provides a test mode. See here for more details:
This should fire any additional scripts -- just looks like it blocks the order from saving / reporting on their side.
Datafeed Export
Creating a Product Feed from your Shopify Inventory:
See Shopify Documentation Here
It's as simple as clicking Products, then Export!
Liquid Template Version
Shopify is well known for it's use of the Liquid template language. This is another way to pull those products, to build a page to display them all, which can be accessed in a programmatic manner. Courtesy of hublogix:
{% paginate collection.products by settings.collection_ppp %}
{% endpaginate%}
Sku|Product Name|Description|Product_type|Cost|Images|Buy URL<br/>
{% for product in collection.products %}
{% for variant in product.variants %}
{{product.id}}|{{product.title}}|{{ product.description | strip_newlines | strip_html }}|{{product.type}}|{{product.price | money_without_currency}}|{{product.images[0] | img_url: 'master' }}|{{variant.url}}
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
Note: Depending on your inventory, you may use "variant" instead of "product" level info, e.g. variant.sku, variant.price, etc.


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Water Department
Please click here to view fees associated with this department.
|Water Superintendant
|Stephen Rafferty
|Falmouth Public Works
416 Gifford St.
Falmouth, MA 02540
|E-Mail Address
Welcome to the Falmouth Water System.
The water, as of early January still has a brownish or yellowish tinge of color.
This is a seasonal phenomena and the water quality continues to meet all regulatory limits.
As leaves turn color and as we have finally gotten some rain after a long dry summer and early fall the color in the leaves is carried by the rain into Long Pond. This is the source of the discoloration. It will persist until we get an extended period of cold weather that will push the water in Long Pond into it's winter mode.
LONG POND WATER TREATMENT PLANT - The Raw Water Pump Station is complete and the area has been landscaped. The treatment plant's systems are being energized and testing is ongoing through January 2017. Project is on Schedule for startup in Spring of 2017.
WATER QUALITY - if you are concerned about the TTHM notice, an activated carbon filter will remove most of the TTHM's from the water you drink. New plant, when done will resolve this issue.
WATER SUPPLY - Your water is supplied from several sources:
WATER TREATMENT - All sources are disinfected and treated to provide pH adjustment. Water is then delivered to you through our transmission and storage system, comprised of 370 miles of water main and 4 water storage tanks.
MISSION - Preserving the quality of our source water and guarding against contamination are the Department's primary mission.
Records Access Officer - in accordance with 950CMR,32.04(4) the record access officer for the Water Department is Stephen Rafferty, Superintendent, 416 Gifford Street,Falmouth, MA 02540, Tel#508-457-2543, email email@example.com
Please click here to view fees associated with this department.
- Pay Bill Online
Current Water Rates
Voluntary Water Restrictions
Cross Connections: Cross Connection Control Information Brochure
Request for Final Water Reading: Please FAX this form to the Water Dept. five (5) days prior to closing. Note there is a $10 fee for this service.
Water Connection Guidelines
FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions
Q3 2016 TTHM Public Notice: September 2016 TTHM water quality
2015 Water Quality Report: Sources in Town of Falmouth
2015 Upper Cape Cooperative Water Supply : Upper Cape wells that supply Falmouth
2014 Water Quality Report : Town of Falmouth wells and Long Pond
2014 Upper Cape Cooperative
Long Pond Water Plant: June 2016 Progress Photo


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Multiple Dates
Cryptic Crossword Club (Fleetwood)
Actions and Detail Panel
Cryptic Crossword Club (Fleetwood)
Multiple Dates
Event description
at Fleetwood Library every month
Get your grey matter going with our brain bending cryptic crosswords. Join our avid group of puzzlers for a morning of bafflement and fun. A helping hand for beginners is also vailable to crack those difficult crosswords. Refreshments and plenty of chat provided from our friendly group.
This event is free, no ticket required.
For more information, please contact us
Share with friends


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Homeowners Insurance Florida
Insurance Help
GreatFlorida Insurance's best-in-class products and services help provide innovative protection and solutions to many households in Florida. We provide the best Homeowners Insurance, Auto Insurance, Boat Insurance, Motorcycle Insurance policies in Florida. Today it's more important than ever to make informed decisions about all your insurance needs, our evolving business strategies and solutions continue to reinvent the industry standards, helping our customers better protect what they have today and prepare for a brighter tomorrow. GreatFlorida Insurance agent is there to help you every step of the way.
Print this page
We can provide you all the Information you need about Homeowners Insurance, Auto Insurance, Boat Insurance, Motorcycle Insurance, so you can choose the best suitable policy for you.
GreatFlorida Insurance is one of the largest held Insurance company providing Homeowners Insurance, Auto Insurance, Boat Insurance, Motorcycle Insurance in Florida.
We understand your concern with the market's uncertainty, but we will help you stay safe and secure, and that's why we have brought the most affordable Motorcycle Insurance in Florida
GreatFlorida Insurance has worked to offer the most affordable Boat Insurance options in Florida.
When it comes to Auto Insurance in Florida, you need to know GreatFlorida Insurance got your back.
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text:
The Sea (poem)
She calls to me across the sky
The sea
The sea
A heartbeat is her swift reply
Come see
Come see
A dream an echo from the past
A moment which was much too fast
Another play another cast
Was this how it was meant to last
Forever wander lost in why
It's me
It's me
This love forever will not die
This plea
This plea
With so much more I should have asked
Were differences there so vast
We could not cross our seas' contrast
Was this how it was meant to last
Another kiss a sweet goodbye
From she
From she
Another tear has left my eye
The sea
The sea
More by this Author
Comments 3 comments
Amazingly wondrous lyrics of a song to be.
It patiently awaits its music to be found.
Amazing poetry, Martin!


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More Speakers & Conferences: Institute for Legal Studies Events
All Law School Events: Law School Calendar
All International Events on Campus: The International Division
Spring 2017
- February 1, 2017: Showing of "The Future of International Agreements" a webcast series on international law and the Trump Administration. 10:30am-11:30am in Lubar, all are welcome.
- February 7, 2017: Public forum on Legality of Trump's Executive Order on Immigration, hosted by Professor Alexandra Huneeus. Speakers include: Professor Sara McKinnon (Communication Arts), Prof. Asifa Quraishi-Landes (UW Law), and Prof. Benjamin Harville (UW Law). 4:00pm in Room 2260 Law
- February 13, 2017: Information session on study abroad to explain the application and selection process, 3260 Law, Noon-1:pm, pizza will be served, open to all interested law students
- February 14, 2017: "Titu Cusi Yupanqui's Account: The Tawantisuyo Invaded by Demons," Professor Arnulf Becker, GLS speaker on Global and Comparative Law, cosponsored by the International Relationscolloquiumof Political Science Department, Noon-1:15pm, Lubar Commons (7200 Law)
- February 15, 2017: Second annual spring international law conference, sponsored by WILS and GLS, speakers: Professor Arnulf Becker, Alexandra Huneeus and others pending, Noon-4:00pm, Lubar Commons
- March 3, 2017:"Human Rights under the Trump Presidency" sponsored by the Human Rights Program, Pyle Center, Room 325/326, 1:00-5:30pm, details pending
- March 16, 2017: "Law of EU/US Trade Relations," by Jennifer Riccardi, Lubar Commons, 5:00pm, sponsored by the European Studies Alliance and co-sponsored by GLS, details pending.
- March 31, 2017: "Regional Human Rights Systems in Crisis," Wisconsin International Law Journal Annual symposium (full day event), Room 2260. For more information, visit HERE.
To facilitate planning, please register here.
- April 18, 2017: "Workshop on Migration in Wisconsin," Pyle Center, Room 2260, details pending
- April 21-22, 2017: "Critical, Historical, and Comparative Perspectives on International Humanitarian Law" conference hosted by Professor Helen Kinsella (Political Science). Sponsored by the UW-Madison Political Science Department and co-sponsored by GLS. Pyle Center, details pending.
- April 27, 2017: "Women Lead the Way: From Violence to Non-Violence, from Greed to Sharing, From Hate to Love," Soffa Lecture delivered by Dr Vandana Shiva, 4pm, Pyle Center,fore more details please click here.
Past Events
Spring 2016
Fall 2015
Spring 2015
Fall 2014
Spring 2014
Fall 2013
Spring 2013
Fall 2012
Spring 2012
Fall 2011
Spring 2011
Fall 2010
Spring 2010
Fall 2009
Spring 2009
Fall 2008
Spring 2008
Fall 2007
Spring 2007
Fall 2006
Spring 2006
Fall 2005
Spring 2005
Fall 2004
Past Lecture Series and Outreach Workshops
Remaking the Developmental State
- Law, War and Human Security
- Role of Law in Developing and Transition Countries
- Outreach Workshops on Global Legal Issues
- Reconceptualizing the Role of Law in Human Rights
- Legal Pluralism
- Laws Response to Consequences of Violent Conflict
- Comparative EU Law


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A refunded bond is a new bond that is issued to retire a previously issued bond. These refunding bonds may then be sold for cash or exchanged for the older bonds. Another way of stating the same would be that a refunded bond is a bond which has its principle set aside by the issuer of the debt.
These are extremely safe bonds and are usually rated as "AAA" since the backing of the cash often offer little premium to Treasuries of equivalent terms. It is defined by its date of refunding which is usually the date of the first callable day.
Another name for them is prefunded bonds.
Related Business Content


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Tires Gillette NJView a list of all Mavis Discount Tire locations
Mavis Discount Tire servicing Gillette stocks popular tire brands.
The mechanic there knows what he's doing honest and reliable. Awesome place will always go back - Gillette, NJPlease search, call or visit our tire shop to see which tires we have at discounted prices for your vehicle.
The managers struck up a conversation to pass the time while my car and others were being worked on. This made the time pass quicker and gave it a family feel. Nice. - Gillette, NJOur stores are staffed with tire professionals who can help guide you to the best choices for your car.
Colby went out of his way to help me and my family. We were on a road trip and experienced a tire puncture on the highway and pulled into the store near closing. They evaluated the tire and recommended a new tire as the old tire was soft around the puncture point. Thanbk you for keeping us safe and helping us get home that night. - Gillette, NJBridgestone, BFGoodrich, Continental, Cooper, Dunlop, Firestone, Fuzion, General, Goodyear, Hankook, Kelly, Michelin, Pirelli, Uniroyal, Yokohama to name a few of the many brands that we offer.
Great job! - Gillette, NJ
Customer Reviews in Gillette NJ:


text:
The article by García-Arumí et al1 isof special interest: if radial optic neurotomy improves or stabilizes thecourse of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), it may have a major roleto play in the treatment of this condition. The goals of the study were todetermine the visual results of patients with CRVO and low vision treatedwith radial optic neurotomy and to determine the safety of this surgical technique.
Malhotra S, Bali T, Thomas R. The Question of Radial Optic Neurotomy in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004;122(10):1573-1574. doi:10.1001/archopht.122.10.1573
© 2017


text:
Sign Up for Crime Alerts and Warrant Updates
The winter season is once again upon us. With that comes numerous state and local rules and regulations that must be followed. Click on the following links to learn more about each of them.
Chapter 16- Motor Vehicles
Section IV- Snowmobiles
Section V- ATV's
Click here for the snowmobiling boundaries within Cedar Creek Park.
Click here for the snowmobiling rules at Cedar Creek Park.
Click here for information on DNR regulations, trail maps, registration info and safety tips.
A Graphic and Realistic Crash Video Reminder to Practice Safe and Sober Holiday Driving: Our area emergency responders encourage you to...
Text Msg Tip Line Text your tip or info to:firstname.lastname@example.com Or leave an anonymous tip www.fairmontpolice.org/contact Help make your schools and...


text:
- Books
- Society, Politics and...
- Politics and Government
- Government and Administra...
- Central Government
Debates on U.S. ImmigrationBy: Elaine M. Replogle (editor), Judith Gans (editor), Daniel J. Tichenor (editor)Hardback
1 - 2 weeks availability
DescriptionThis issues-based reference work (available in both print and electronic formats) shines a spotlight on immigration policy in the United States. The U.S. is a nation of immigrants, yet while the lofty words enshrined with the Statue of Liberty stand as a source of national pride, the rhetoric and politics surrounding immigration policy all-too-often have proven far less lofty. In reality, the apparently open invitation of Lady Liberty seldom has been without restriction. Throughout our history, impassioned debates about the appropriate scope and nature of such restriction have emerged and mushroomed, among politicians, among scholars of public policy, among the general public. In light of the need to keep students, researchers, and other interested readers informed and up-to-date on status of U.S. immigration policy, this volume uses introductory essays followed by pointunterpoint articles to explore prominent and perennially important debates, providing readers with views on multiple sides of this complex issue. While there are some brief works looking at debates on immigration, as well as some general A-to-Z encyclopedias, we offer more in-depth coverage of a much wider range of themes and issues, thus providing the only fully comprehensive pointunterpoint handbook tackling the issues that political science, history, and sociology majors are asked to explore and to write about as students and that they will grapple with later as policy makers and citizens.
Create a review
About AuthorJudith Gans manages the immigration policy program at the Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy at the University of Arizona. Her areas of expertise include immigration and globalization, U.S. immigration policy, economics, and trade. The focus of her work is to provide conceptual frameworks for understanding the complexities of U.S. immigration policy rather than to advocate a particular policy position. She has written extensively on immigration including Immigrants in Arizona: Fiscal and Economic Impacts and a Primer on U.S. Immigration in a Global Economy. She has a BA degree in economics from Stanford University, an MBA from UCLA's Graduate School of Management, and a master's in public administration from Harvard University. She has two grown children, was raised in Mexico and Brazil, and is fluent in Portuguese. Elaine M. Replogle teaches in the Sociology Department at the University of Oregon. Her research and publications have focused on the sociology of health and medicine, social inequality, and immigrant and second-generation social adjustment. She is author of Head Start as a Family Support Program: Renewing a Community Ethic (Harvard Family Research Project). She is currently working on a book on the intersection of mental health and intergenerational conflict among second-generation South Asian Americans (her dissertation research). Her work on mob violence toward women, adolescent health, patterns in smoking trajectories among black and white youth, and Head Start, has appeared in publications such as Sociological Forum, Evaluation Review, Children Today, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, and the Macmillan Encyclopedia of Aging. Daniel J. Tichenor is the Philip H. Knight Professor of Political Science and director of the Politics and Policy Program at the Wayne Morse Center for Law and Politics at the University of Oregon. He has published extensively on immigration politics and policy, the American presidency, civil liberties, interest groups, social movements, political parties, and U.S. political history. He is the author of Dividing Lines: The Politics of Immigration Control in America, which won the American Political Science Association's Gladys M. Kammerer Award for the best book in American national policy. Other works include The Politics of International Migration and A History of the U.S. Political System, a three-volume set examining the development of American political thought, institutions, behavior, and public policy. He has been a Faculty Scholar at the Center for the Study of Democratic Politics at Princeton University, Research Fellow in Governmental Studies at the Brookings Institution, Abba P. Schwartz Fellow in Immigration and Refugee Policy at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library, Research Scholar at the Eagleton Institute of Politics, a visiting scholar at Leipzig University, and a faculty associate at Princeton's Center for Migration and Development and the Center for Comparative Immigration Studies at the University of California, San Diego.
ContentsPolitical Debates Introduction Admission and Membership Legal Immigration Selection System Gender and Refugee Status Naturalization Process Legalization (Amnesty) for Unauthorized Immigrants Birthright Citizenship Immigrant Voting Nativism Control and Enforcement Federal Policy Versus Decentralized Policy U.S. Border Control Immigrant Detention and Deportation Under the Obama Administration Arizona S.B. 1070 Drivers' Licenses Crime Economic, Labor, and Demographic Debates Introduction Economic Impact Cost to Taxpayers Depression of Wages and Price Levels Remittances Labor Market H-1B Visas Temporary Worker Programs Secure ID Cards Worksite Enforcement Worksite Raids Demographics and Environment Population Growth Environment and Immigration Social and Cultural Debates Introduction Family and Society Family-Based Immigration Cultural Assimilation Social and Political Integration Catholic Church and Immigration Language and Education English as Official Language English Instruction in the Classroom Higher Education and Immigration Status Responses to Illegal Immigation Racial Profiling State and Local Law Enforcement Use of the Term "Illegal Alien" Appendix: Documents Highlighting Key Moments in U.S. Immigration History, 1924 to 2011
Product Details
- publication date: 27/11/2012
- Format: Hardback
- Number Of Pages: 648
- weight: 1973
Delivery Information
- Saver Delivery: Yes
- 1st Class Delivery: Yes
- Courier Delivery: Yes
- Store Delivery: Yes


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Credits for Pokemon FireRedHome / GameBoy Advance /
This page contains Pokemon FireRed Hints for GameBoy Advance called "Credits" and has been posted or updated on Nov 7, 2006 by asvos.
- Developer: Game Freak
- Publisher: Nintendo
- Genre: Role-Playing Console-style RPG
- Release: Sep 7, 2004
- ESRB: Everyone
Now this is an old tip and yes, it works in Fire Red/Leaf Green too! after ur pokemon are registered as champs, when u get to the credit part when ur person walks out of the door at the leauge, reset or turn off and on and ull be at palet town again. easy!
Please Submit a Problem for any incomplete, non-working or fake cheat listed above.
If you know other secrets, hints, glitches or level guides, then please Submit your Cheats and share your insights with other players.
From: Meme
Posted on: 09-11-2016
From: Guest
Posted on: 12-27-2015
From: Maan
Posted on: 01-28-2015
From: Ahaw
Posted on: 01-25-2015
From: Guest
Posted on: 11-25-2013
From: srk1999
Posted on: 04-18-2013
From: Trixman612
Posted on: 05-17-2012
Stuck in this game? Set a specific, clearly defined question and let other gamers answer your question or view answers to previously asked questions. If you think you are an expert then please try to help others with their questions.
Pokemon FireRed - Ep.1 Starter Pokemon!
- Added on: Nov 1, 2013
Pokemon FireRed - Pokemon FireRed Ep.01 Ft. Darth Blader
- Added on: Nov 1, 2013
Pokemon FireRed - Part 1
- Added on: Nov 1, 2013
Pokemon FireRed - Gameplay Video
- Added on: Nov 1, 2013
- Samurai Deeper Kyo, (GBA)
- Enchanted, (GBA)
- Cars Mater-National, (GBA)
- The Bee Game, (GBA)
- Barbie As The Island Princess, (GBA)
- SpongeBob's Atlantis SquarePantis, (GBA)
- Nicktoons: Attack Of The Toybots, (GBA)
- Avatar: The Last Airbender - The Burning Earth, (GBA)
- Arctic Tale, (GBA)
- Zatch Bell! Electric Arena 2, (GBA)
- Samurai Deeper Kyo, (GBA)
- One Piece, (GBA)
- Lego Star Wars 2: The Original Trilogy, (GBA)
- Justice League: Injustice For All, (GBA)
- Naruto RPG: Uketsugareshi Hi No Ishi, (GBA)
- Zoids Saga Fuzors, (GBA)
- Teen Titans, (GBA)
- Hajime No Ippo: The Fighting, (GBA)
- Slime Morimori Dragon Quest: Shougeki No Shippo Dan, (GBA)
- Ghost Trap, (GBA)


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acorn charm necklace with pearl and green leaf. Vintage inspired jewelry by Lauren Blythe Designs.
Delicate and lovely for fall, winter and beyond. A fabulous everyday necklace or even a beautiful unique wedding necklace. A detailed large antique brass acorn charm (please note the other side is hollow) is adorned with a Swarovski white glass pearl and a gorgeous green glass leaf.
A lightweight necklace, that is fabulous alone or layered with a shorter necklace for some fun! Delicate antique brass chain. Lobster clasp. Chain measures 20". Acorn measures a littler over 1". Vintage inspired jewelry by Lauren Blythe Designs Jewelry on Etsy.
All designs are created by hand by me. Please check the shipping and policies tab for production time. One of a kind items will show ready to ship. Perfect for gift giving! All of my jewelry comes gift wrapped in a natural colored box and tied with a bow. To keep your shipping low, I will combine items in one or two boxes. If you need one box for each item ordered, please let me know.
Visit my shop for more great Jewelry finds!
Meet the owner of laurenblythedesignsLearn more about the shop and process
Frequently asked questions about laurenblythedesigns
SALE 50% off Pearl Acorn Necklace, Swarovski Pearl, Leaf Necklace, Woodland Wedding
Only 1 available
- Handmade item
- Materials: glass swarovski pearl, antique brass bead cap, antique brass chain, lobster clasp
- Made to order
- Ships from United States to select countries.
- Feedback: 1797 reviews
- Favorited by: 628 people
- Listed on Nov 25, 2016
- 3507 views
- 628 favorites


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Returning Players profile photos
Here is a suggestion/opinion, with returning players with more than one profile picture, should the tabber be changed to most recent to least recent, or remain as is (first picture to most recent picture)?
I for one would like to amend the profile tabber, so when I view a contestant's page I can see the most recent picture. But that is just my opinion. The change would also change the thumbnails in grouped/categories and related pages.
Anyway... support/oppose this arguement :P


text: 21 photos $259,000 89 acres 12061 East State Highway 155, Dardanelle, AR 72834 - Yell County 89 acres Dardanelle, AR This privately wooded, 89-acre tract is conveniently located just 2 miles outside of Dardanelle and 7 miles from Russellville and also offers approximately 500 feet of highway frontage on Highway 155 at the North end of the tract. To the south, the property may also be accessed by Tipton Heights Road which provides ample accessibility to both sides of the entire property. The Arkansas River and Lake Dardanelle are also two miles away, and the Holla Bend National Wildlife Refuge also exists nearby which will provide ample opportunities for recreational activities all year round. There is a great deal of deer, turkey, and even bear sign located throughout the 89 acres as well. The property itself is heavily wooded on the north end with pine Robert Eason Mossy Oak Properties Delta Land Management


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When Fuji began developing what would ultimately become its flagship Altamira, the objective was to build a frameset suited specifically for grand tour racing. At the time, the majority of Fuji's pro riders were aboard its rigid SST (Super Stiff Team) sprinter-specific frame, which was really a 'quiver' frameset. The engineers knew their athletes would benefit more from a well-rounded workhorse frame, so they began collaborating directly with its team Geox-TMC pro riders during the development process. They used real-time race feedback gathered from the Spanish squad to refine its new frame platform, eventually leading to the Altamira design.
The Altamira's two-year R&D process proved to be a success, as Geox's Juan Jose Cobo relied on his trusty new steed to claim the top spot in 2011's grueling Vuelta. We watched him battle the world's best throughout the Spanish countryside, with the highlight unfolding on stage 15 as he overtook fellow countryman Igor Anton to seal the deal on the famed Angliru climb. His bicycle handled beautifully, reassuring the Fuji team that their hard efforts produced the world-class race machine they had originally set out to build.
Fuji built its top-end Altamira from a high-modulus D-6 carbon blend. This is the highest level of carbon material Fuji manufactures, capable of producing incredibly low tube weights that deliver a stiff yet compliant road feel. Fuji applied the D-6 carbon to the Altamira using a three-tube -- top, head, and down tube -- monocoque front end, which was then molded to a second monocoque section that encompasses the bottom bracket and chainstays. The IST integrated seat tube and seatstays were molded separately, with all of the components assembled together using a modified tube-to-tube joining process. According to Fuji, the joints of the frame were strategically placed in low stress areas of the frame to provide a light, stiff, and vertically-compliant ride.
By working with Geox pro riders, Fuji's engineers were able to tweak the carbon tube shapes for an optimal race-tuned feel. They kept the lower chassis incredibly stiff by mating the large down tube and chainstays to an oversized press-fit BB86 bottom bracket. The enlarged juncture created an ultra-stiff pedaling platform, which, for you, means an efficient transfer of power directly into your rear wheel. Moving up from this section of the frame, Fuji paired a tapered top tube and slender seatstays for an overall balanced road feel. The result in this matchup is a rigid lower half of the frame combined with a more compliant upper section.
Rounding out the front of the frame, a tapered 1-1/8in to 1-1/2in head tube provides maximum rigidity and predictable handling. The fork Fuji developed specifically for the Altamira was molded from a lightweight FC-330 carbon layup. Below its tapered carbon steerer, Fuji's signature flared upper-blade fork design, which works to provide both front end rigidity and aerodynamics, flows down into the slender carbon dropouts.
The frameset includes an FSA No. 42 integrated headset with carbon top cover, a braze-on front derailleur mount, and carbon dropouts (with a replaceable hanger) round out the rear of the frame. And because Shimano was the drivetrain supplier for team Geox-TMC, the Altamira framesets feature pre-drilled cable routing, giving you the option of easily running Di2 components.
The Fuji Altamira LTD frameset comes in at a claimed weight of 955g. It is available in sizes 44cm, 47cm, 50cm, 53cm, 55cm, and 58 cm and in the Team Geox paint scheme.
I came off an older low-end carbon frame when I saw this deal come through. It was too good to pass up, especially for a frame in my (small) size. My regular frame size fits me well, just be sure you're using the c-c measurement as the c-t measurement is WAY off b/c of the integrated seat mast. It came beautifully packaged w/ everything I needed to complete the build - even came with two types of seat mast toppers (integrated seatpost on this frame, remember!). The build quality was great with only a couple of caveats. First, I tried to put one of the seat mast toppers on the uncut mast and it was too tight - had to sand it down for it to fit. Once I (carefully) cut the mast to the proper length it fit easily without sanding - probably just too many layers of clearcoat at the top of the uncut mast. Second, the fork dropouts have a slight narrowing at the inlet making it hard to get the wheel in and out - fits fine once it's in place, just takes a little "oomph" to get it through the opening - the first time especially. Probably the same issue as with the seat mast - a little overzealous clearcoat application. Press fit bottom brackets are a pain, but works great now that it's in. Love the internal routing of the Di2-specific frame design (no frame bosses for cable routing, so don't think you can use your mechanical shifting gear!) as it gives the bike a great clean look. Once built, it was obviously quicker accelerating than my previous bike and very stiff along the chainstay. The seatstays are very thin, though and really add to the ride compliance over mediocre road conditions. The graphics are a little "loud", but in early morning/late evening light conditions the hi-vis yellow/green graphics make the bike much more visible to motorists. With 500 miles in, I'd definitely recommend this frame as the start of a build, and with the price it's going for on chainlove I might have to buy another as a spare!
What more can I say! What a sensational bike. I have to admit, its a bit ugly proabbly casue its a bit to loud, but man, its super light and fast. It really is the real deal, and at that price you cant go wrong. What would have cost me over 6K with the Di2 built, only really cost me about 4K. If these great deals keep coming, Im going to have to many bike to know what to do with


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Season 2 of the Overtime podcast is here! Listen to the first episode with Meg Robichaud now.
I have a hobby for making homescreen wallpapers. I love their simplicity and since I use my iPhone4 like it's going out of style I often find myself changing the homescreen wallpaper (alot). I've finally made one I haven't ditched in two days. It's super simple and I personally think textured walls work best as they make your app's *pop* more. I know I'm probably looking too far into this but I just thought I'd share this one with you all. If you suffer from "frequent wallpaper change disorder" feel free to "Like" it so I know I'm not the only one. See attachment for desktop and iPhone version downloads. =D Thanks!
Lastly, WOW! I am so honored to have made the first page of Dribbble. I know to some it may be a daily occurrence but definitely not me. Thanks to all who liked "Stitchey" and I hope you enjoy it! Thanks again!
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What are you working on? Dribbble is a community of designers sharing screenshots of their work, process, and projects.
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Looking for restaurants open for Easter?
M Street Cafe
350 Market Street
Saint Paul, MN 55101
View more Saint Paul restaurants
(651) 228-3855
- Sun - 7:00am - 11:00am
- Mon - Fri 6:30am - 2:00pm
- Sat 7:00am - 12:00pm
Cuisine: American Restaurants, Cafes
5 of 5.0 from 4 reviews
price range:$11 to $25
Is this your restaurant? Claim Your Listing
M Street Cafe Reviews
Add your review for M Street Cafe.
Sunday brunch is spendy, but worth it. Prime rib, made to order omelets, oodles of bacon and a dessert bar! Coffee is great, too.
by Jen J.
They validate parking in the Lawson parking ramp
by Sharon C.
The lunch sideboard is excellent.
by Josh C.
Great service
by Erin M.
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TJX Second-Quarter Profit Up 20.9 Percent; Marmaxx, HomeGoods Post Strong Quarter
August 14, 2012,
FRAMINGHAM, Mass.-With its Marmaxx and HomeGoods segments reporting solid sales gains, TJX's second-quarter net income rose 20.9 percent to $421.1 million.
Net sales for the quarter, which ended on July 28, jumped 8.7 percent to $5.9 billion. Same-store sales for the company as a whole climbed 7 percent, fueled by a 7 percent increase in same-store sales at the Marmaxx division and a rise of 9 percent in comparable-store sales at HomeGoods. These increases came on top of same-store gains of 5 percent for Marmaxx and 3 percent for HomeGoods in last year's second-quarter.
The sales gains helped produce an increase of 81 points in gross margin, which finished the quarter at 28.1 percent. Selling, general and administrative expenses, while rising 5.9 percent in dollars, were slimmed by 43 basis points as a percentage of sales to 16.5 percent.
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