text:
Domino's Pizza officials said the key word behind the company's 17.6-percent growth in net income for the third quarter was "consistency," as growth in transactions and average check powered domestic results and international expansion continued apace.
For the Sept. 9-ended third quarter, Ann Arbor, Mich.-based Domino's reported net income of $26 million, or 43 cents per diluted share, compared with $22.1 million, or 35 cents per diluted share, a year earlier.
Revenue grew 0.5 percent for the quarter to $378 million, reflecting increases in same-store sales domestically and abroad, as well as robust new-store development in its international business, partially offset by corporate-store sales lost to a 2011 franchisee acquisition and a negative effect from foreign-currency translation.
• IT in 3: Domino's Pizza CIO discusses IT strategy [3]
• Analyst: Domino's could turn Pizza Hut's share of pan pie into profit [4]
• More restaurant industry finance news
Same-store sales rose 3.3 percent in the United States, comprising gains of 0.5 percent for corporate stores and 3.6 percent for franchised locations. International same-store sales grew 5 percent.
A bigger slice of the market
Transaction counts and the average check both grew in the third quarter, officials said, as Domino's pivoted from advertising side items, which have higher margins for franchisees but do not drive traffic, to pizzas, which do tend to spur more orders.
"Clearly, there's got to be some balance, because selling sides are good for profitability at the store level, and ultimately that will generate better returns for franchisees, which will generate some store growth," Doyle said. "But in general, when we talk about promoting pizza, you're going to see a little bit more on the order count side."
Doyle added that Domino's has added market share in the past few years, taking it mostly from independents and regional chains. Domino's and its two main national competitors, Pizza Hut and Papa John's Pizza, always had the advantages of scale, national advertising and franchise systems to cut into that market share, he said, but those gains have accelerated since the recession in large part because the big three are investing so much in technology.
"I would have expected more share gains over time than we saw, because over the course of a couple decades, there hadn't been much share movement toward national players," he said. "Now you've seen it for six to eight quarters in a row … and some of it may have been the economic environment, where the financial strength of the national players and their franchisees allowed them to come through it more aggressively, and the other part of it is technology."
One-third of Domino's sales in the United States comes from digital ordering, including 40 percent of all delivery sales. "It's creating a better customer experience, and that gives us efficiencies," Doyle said. "It's difficult for a regional or smaller player to put together a platform like we have."
Regarding Domino's flexibility in 2013 to raise menu prices or ease off aggressive discounts to keep pace with Pizza Hut and Papa John's, "the consumer decides that more than the competitive situation," Doyle said. "We're seeing a consumer very careful with how they're spending their money, and we have to give them a good value. We don't see a whole lot of room on pricing out there."
An opening for more store growth
Having just reached the 10,000-store milestone with an opening in Turkey in September, Domino's is optimistic that international store growth would continue to lead the way in store expansion, though the United States may return to positive net openings in the near future.
On a trailing-12-month basis, Domino's is on pace to exceed its guidance for as many as 450 international openings, and Doyle said the company remains bullish on international expansion. Domino's is still waiting for signs of severe weakness to appear, particularly in Europe, but things generally are steady, he said.
"Things have held together nicely, and we're happy with 5 percent same-store sales growth [abroad]," Doyle said. "Greece was weak, Spain was not great, but the rest has held together. From a store growth standpoint, we track very carefully the payback period on stores around the world, and the best indicator of store growth in the medium term is the ROI on those stores. That continues to be very strong in international and, if anything, getting stronger."
Doyle acknowledged that "new units are harder to come by in our more mature domestic system," but he added that Domino's was encouraged by the fact that the number of net closures has tapered off compared with recent years and that store count growth may be slightly positive for the year. The prototype for new stores announced in August should lay groundwork for profitable expansion in future years, he said, as it is "very a la carte" and allows operators to choose new design features — like grab-and-go cases or a "pizza theater" display kitchen — that make sense for their real estate.
Store-level profits are up "materially" compared with four years ago, Doyle said, which should help franchisees form plans to expand domestically through new stores or acquisitions. However, access to growth capital has improved for large franchisees with 20 or more stores, but smaller operators hoping to add a second or third store still report a difficult lending environment, he said. Domino's system consists mostly of smaller franchisees, with the average number of stores per operator at four.
Domino's operates 387 stores and franchises another 4,509 in the United States, and its international system consists of 4,896 restaurants in more than 70 foreign markets.
Contact Mark Brandau at [email protected] [6].
Follow him on Twitter: @Mark_from_NRN [7]


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QUESTION??! gaining lost power
ok so i understand that there are alot of threads about changing from mechanical fans to electric, but i was woundering?
would replacing the mechanical fan on a '05 TJ with the 2.5L I4 6speed man with an electric fan aid in reducing stress on the motor, possibly gaining lost power (not alot but sum).
correct me if im wrong and please im all ears to suggestions and opinions (im not the jeep god)
Why would you give up a reliable, OEM-designed cooling mechanism that works just fine for some aftermarket contraption? For a couple HP? Seriously.
good point,
anyone else have any thoughts
there will not be enough of a difference to notice.
the only time an electric fan really has any benifits with a factory motor, is when you spend a lot of time in very deed mud and get tired of destroying your fan clutches. just make sure there is a switch for it so you dont break the fan blades.
also, what makes you feel you have lost power? was it a jump to taller tires? if so, the only wa yto gain back that lost power is to install deeper gears. if your still rolling stock, or are geared up for the current tires, then you may just need a good tune up.
Electric fans only complicate things in the long run, I figure too many things can go wrong. The temp sensor switch can fail, the fan motor can fry out if water/mud/dirt gets into it, the blades can break off (plastic), if any of those things happen out on the trail your day is over and depending on where you are it could put your life in danger. Keep the mechanical fan, just make sure the fan clutch is working properly.
thanks guys,
i wasnt dead set of swapping i just figured id ask.
ya im running 35s so ill most diffentaly have to regear wich im not worried about.
any recommendations for the gearing im running the stock 3.73 gears, command trac TC, dana 30 front, dana 35 rear
and if your rig has air cond the fan would need to run while the compressor runs also
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
John Neyman, MA., BCPC
680 Lincoln Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15202
Many times family therapy is needed in order to get the family realigned so that every body is working together. John Neyman can help you do just that. Why continue to permit your family to spin out of control? Walking into a home that is ruled by peace and serenity has a powerful affect on the development of the children and provides a sense of well being for everyone in the home. Don't put it off any longer call John Neyman today for an assessment of what action you need today to get your family in balance again.
Michael Pecosh, M.Ed., NCC, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor
20 Old Plank Rd. Suite 100, Washington, Pennsylvania 15301
Relationships can be wonderful, fulfilling, and even magical at times. They can also be frustrating, hurtful, and even maddening at times! My work with couples centers on modeling appropriate forms of communication and helping you to face the present and the future. If all you want to do is talk about the past--I'm probably not your guy. I'm interested in helping you to move forward, not to look back. I specialize in the use of humor to make the sessions more pleasant.
Pascual Chen, Psy.D.
Licensed Clinical Psychologist
6200 Brooktree Rd. Suite 110, Wexford, Pennsylvania 15090
I am passionate about helping couples have successful and enjoyable relationships. When working with couples, I use a combination of emotionally focused therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, solution focused therapy, and Imago Dialogue. When couples experience conflict, they tend to be caught in a vicious cycle where the very tools they use to improve the relationship is the very thing that is making it worse. For example, a husband may get quiet when his wife brings on a complaint. The reason he is quiet is to not make things worse, but this happens to trigger the wife to get more upset. My goal is to help you identify your cycle, get unstuck, and learn effective communicative skills.
Judith Moolten, Cognitive & Somatic Treatment
Cognitive Behavioral & IBSR Somatic Therapist, body memory retrieval/removal of physical emotional pain
20 Walnut Avenue , Wheeling, West Virginia 26003
We seem to do exceptionally well with couples meeting with each individually, then as a team. We work on creating clear boundaries, working on unconscious motivators and we are always short term resolution focused. If more in depth specialized work is needed due to abuse, neglect, or abandonment issues then we use either our IBSR model for stress, trauma, anxiety, panic and uncontrollable actions, then what typically happens after an IBSR session is emotions can move to the surface and be ripe to be organized with our CBT and our EMDR-IBSR Hybrid approach to treatment.
Stephen Luther, MSEd, MEd, NCC, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor
28 Rolling Road, Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania 16066
You wake up and you don't recognize the person you are sleeping next to any more. It might be a minor issue or it may be a bigger issue that has been going on for a long time. Either way, we have counselors who specialize in working with couples. We offer faith based counseling from a Biblical perspective as well as clinically sound evidence based treatments. We have many locations and counselors and accept most major insurance plans.
Nichole Behr, LPC, NCC, BSC
Licensed Professional Counselor
N/A, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15228
I work with individuals and couples who may be experiencing difficulties or that want to continue to build on an already healthy relationship. Relationships are challenging and require work and effort. Counseling can afford the opportunity to discuss many of the common areas of concern for relationships such as finances, communication, infidelity, and family life.


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The Atlantic is coming under fire for an "article" that appears to be nothing more than a paid advertisement for the Church of Scientology. The piece, which practically deifies church president David Miscavige, looks suspiciously like an actual Atlantic article, with only a small yellow label denoting its status as "Sponsor Content."
The squelching of negative comments did not go unnoticed, as anyone knows that troll-free comments sections are not a naturally occurring organism in the ecosystem that is the Internet.
Comments weren't 100 percent positive, though. It looks as though one cheeky employee at Disqus was able to override the aggressive comment moderation and sneak in some criticism.
That seemed to break the dam, allowing other negative comments in.
Even magazine employees expressed discontent. A note on The Atlantic website explains that sponsored content is produced without the input of the magazine's editorial team. Correspondent Jeffrey Goldberg took the occasion to post a piece on The Atlantic website touting the book, "Going Clear: Scientology, Hollywood, and the Prison of Belief," even including an Amazon link. His link to that piece was retweeted by James Fallows, another Atlantic correspondent.
Atlantic senior editor Alexis Madrigal also gave a shout-out to "Going Clear."
The buzz about The Atlantic's choice of sponsor content was so strong that it even generated a parody account.
* * *
Update: The infamous Mat Mullen of Disqus weighs in and laments that his comment disappeared as well.
Update: The Atlantic has removed the Scientology ad "pending a review of our policies that govern sponsor content and subsequent comment threads."
More here:
Editor's note: The title of this post was amended to reflect that it was not firmly established that a Disqus employee circumvented comment moderation to get his negative comment approved. Tweets about his comment making it through moderation were speculation.


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How do I allow students to attach files to a course discussion?
You can allow students to attach files to a discussion by changing the course settings. Settings are available in the Discussions page or the Course Settings page.
Discussions Page Settings
In Course Navigation, click the Discussions link.
Course Settings
You can also change the Discussions permissions in the Course Settings.
In Course Navigation, click the Settings link.
Open Discussion: Student View
Click a discussion title.


text:
Jurasin hits game-winning shot for Chapman's Tavern
NEGAUNEE – Dylan Jurasin tossed a shot up over the backboard and in on Tuesday at the last second to give Chapman's Tavern of Ishpeming a 58-56 victory over Bill Smith Attorney of Marquette in Class D action of the Negaunee Invitational Basketball Tournament at Lakeview Memorial Gymnasium.
Jay Chapman led the Ishpeming squad with 20 points while Scott Chapman had 19. For Bill Smith Attorney, Brett Girard had 17 points and Phil Pennell had 15.
In Class E, Corktown Bar of Munising took out Tune Squad of Negaunee 59-38 after only three points separated the teams at halftime. Joe Lasak had 18 points for Corktown and Jarvis Goings posted 15. Carl Johnson and Kyle Fosco each had 10 for Tune Squad.
In the finale Tuesday, Casa Calabria of Marquette won a high-scoring Class EE affair with Palomaki Family Chiropractic of Negaunee, 73-62. Brian Meyers scored 30 points for Casa Calabria and Pete Elenbaus had 14 points. For Palomaki, Kyle Saari totaled 18 points and Joby Sulivan had 16.
The NIT will take tonight off, but resume action on Thursday with three more games beginning at 6 p.m. at Lakeview. In Class EE, Steward and Sheridan of Ishpeming takes on Superior Shooters of Marquette to start things off, followed by North Oak Manufacturing of Negaunee vs. Jubilee Foods of Ishpeming at 7:15 p.m. in Class EE, and at 8:15 p.m. in Class D, U.P. Insurance-D of Negaunee squares off against Steeno's Bar of Niagara, Wis.


text:
Voucher Codes save you more at UK stores
NetVoucherCodes.co.uk brings you huge savings at thousands of stores and attractions with Voucher Codes, Discount Codes & Exclusive Deals.
From holidays & travel, through fashion, video games and electrical bargains, our team strives to save you money as you pay less at the checkout and enjoy more with your hard earned cash. By finding you the best current codes & deals we'll make sure you save money every time you shop online.
Mother & Baby
As featured in


text:
Strain and puree fruits and vegetables quickly and easily. The fruit and vegetable strainer uses the help of the food grinder (required, sold separately) to break down ingredients, while the strainer cone removes any peels, leaving you with finely pureed fruits or vegetables.
- Compatible with Any KitchenAid(R) Stand Mixer
- Transform your stand mixer into a versatile kitchen appliance that can help you tackle even more culinary tasks.
- Attaches to Power Hub
- On your stand mixer and uses the power of the motor to operate the attachment.
- Food Grinder
- Offers the utmost versatility, with coarse and fine grinding plates to help you make dishes like salsa, fresh ground meat for burgers, bread crumbs and more quickly and easily.
- Fruit/Vegetable Strainer
- Works with the food grinder to help you quickly and easily grind and strain the peels from fresh fruits and vegetables for tomato sauce, fruit butters, baby food and more.
recommended products
Customer Reviews
Be the first to review this product.


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Origanum are perfect for rock gardens. Ornamental Oregano is an attractive flowering perennial that is easy to grow. Must have good drainage, Avoid too moist (wet feet), Not for zones 3&4; may need to mulch or protect in Zone 5.
This low-maintenance plant prefers average, dryish soil with good winter drainage. Can be divided every 3 - 4 years in the spring. Trim off old stems in spring when new growth appears. Benefits from gravel mulch. Snip off old blooms to extend flowering period. Not good for cooking but flowers are attractive when dried.
Our plants are all grown in plantable fiber pots that grow incredibly vigorous plants, eliminate transplant shock, and are 100% biodegradable. They have tremendous advantages over plastic pots.
Learn More


text:
Amanda Wakeley Legend sterling silver necklace£15
Product code: 3842347
Return within 30 days for full refund or exchange.Delivery Info Returns Info
From the Legend collection, this elegant necklace features a beautiful slanted design for a distinctive finish. Crafted in sleek sterling silver, this stunning accessory will effortlessly accentuate every outfit with glamour.
Indulge in unique Amanda Wakeley designs, ranging from vintage to modern minimalist.
- Exclusive to Ernest Jones
- Brand
- Amanda Wakeley London
- Material
- Silver
- Necklace style
- Pendant
- Height
- 5.2 cm
- Length
- 96 cm
- Width
- 0.8 cm
Delivery & Returns Information
Standard delivery costs £3 for orders under £100 and is free when you spend £100. You can have your order delivered Next Day delivery to any address in the UK for £5 or purchase online and have your order delivered to store for free. View all delivery information.Return within 30 days for full refund or exchange.


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A community for students.
SammiTrusted Helper
SmartScore 99OpenStudy Ambassador
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CameronMighty Pen
SmartScore 86Writing and Biology
SmartScore 92A Trusted Helper
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Do you think the American Dream is easy to attain? Define the American Dream. Then use details from the passage and your life experiences to defend your opinion.
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Do you think the American Dream is easy to attain? Define the American Dream. Then use details from the passage and your life experiences to defend your opinion.
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The American Dream is "that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. It is a difficult dream for the European upper classes to interpret adequately, and too many of us ourselves have grown weary and mistrustful of it. It is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each man and each woman shall be able to attain to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable, and be recognized by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position.
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Use the tools below to refine your search by only displaying reviews with a certain number of star ratings or to only show reviews from a certain time period. Eg click on '1 star' to just display the reviews we have which received a 1 star rating click or 'Within the last month' to display just reviews posted over the last month.
Written on: 01/06/2006 by Hugo Gordon (1 review written)
Overall the Honda Accord is a very good family car. Type of car you could keep for 100,000k plus and still get a good residual. Build quality is amongst the best on the road… Read Full Review
Written on: 19/02/2006 by Man191 (8 reviews written)
A very good family car, the only time it goes to the garage is when it tows your mate's car there or when it fills up with petrol. But as an executive car it doesn't match up. Noisy at high speeds, doesn't grip the road well. This car is let down by the Japanese policy of using out-dated but tried and tested parts meaning its ride is no improvement over a 1986 car you could pick up for £100. Overall its a very good family car but don't ask it to be anything like as special as it looks… Read Full Review
Written on: 16/12/2005 by lancia2 (1 review written)
The Honda Accord is a very good car, but the radio reception is poor,very probably down to the rear screen mounted aerial… Read Full Review
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Should You Use Paid Inclusion for StumbleUpon?
Posted March 8, 2007 6:11 pm by Jordan McCollum with 13 comments
StumbleUpon is popular, delivers interested and qualified traffic and is relatively cheap for their paid inclusion program. But like other social media, StumbleUpon isn't the easiest way to promote your site. In fact, it may not even be valuable to promote your site. As StumbleUpon warns in their advertising FAQ:
Some content doesn't work well with StumbleUpon. A hard-sell offering little introduction or supporting information will seem out of place to StumbleUpon's community members. Remember that they're using the service to find something new, something different. Pages that contain little more than a list of ppc or affiliate links also will not perform well.
Is it worth is to promote your site via paid inclusion on StumbleUpon? The cost is $0.05/impression. The conversion rate will obviously depend on what a conversion is for your site.
Last month, SEOmoz (naturally) shared their traffic and conversion rates from various sources, including StumbleUpon. While they received more than 55,000 visits, but only 22 conversions or 0.03% conversion rate. For SEOmoz, a conversion was registering on the blog—for free.
Of all the social sites referring traffic to SEOmoz, StumbleUpon had the lowest conversion rate. If SEOmoz had garnered their SU traffic through the paid inclusion program (which I doubt), they would have paid over $2700 for 22 conversions, a lead acquisition cost of about $125.
I don't want to come down too hard on StumbleUpon; I do enjoy using the toolbar myself. The paid inclusion program can even be a good fit for your site. If your goal is ultimately to raise site and brand awareness, SU might be a good alternative. Before you submit your site, make sure your site is StumbleUponAble
When you say the "cost is $0.05/impression" do you mean that the cost is five cents per click?
Jordan McCollum
StumbleUpon delivers the visitor directly to your page. They don't click on a link on another website to get there. So it's $0.05 per impression of your page, not click on the toolbar.
Thanks for the clarification. Does that mean that if someone sits there refreshing the screen, it's a nickel each time they hit the refresh button?
Jordan McCollum
I'm pretty sure it's not. I vaguely remember reading the details in the SU FAQ; I'm pretty sure they cover this much better than I did.
Thanks, I'll have a look.
Hi Jordan,
I've been experimenting with paid inclusion for a business directory site, but have now paused the ads. I agree that you have to be careful about a good fit. I too like the SU concept but the quality of the traffic (in terms of page views) was pretty ordinary (I've outlined this in my latest blog post).
I would say no, it definitely doesn't seem to worth it. Shoemoney also had a post about SU's paid inclusion, and there wasn't anything positive in it.
It surprises me why people would be willing to use paid inclusion on stumbleupon. It needs a lot less votes to drive significant traffic that the other social networks.
Thank you. This answers my question I had about paid inclusion. I've read their advertising page and have browsed other blogs talking about it, but it's great to see performance numbers.
I hate Stumble Upon.
They just con people of the money and website owners have been taken a run for their money. Just like adsense in their early days, and the quality sucks, cos majority of it are from the Eastern European block.
Azrin @ http://www.azrin.net
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Pavillon Clément-Cormier, 405 Université Avenue, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9(查看地图)
Pavillon Clément-Cormier, 405 Université Avenue, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9(查看地图)
This museum tells the story of the Acadien people who were expelled by the British in the 18th century. The acadiens were French immigrants that have developed agriculture in Acadie (now Nova Scotia). It is explained in full details in the museum and it also provides an insight in the culture of the Acadiens who still exist in North America.
The gardens outside are clean and includes the Evangeline statue, a symbol for the Acadiens, and the memorial church.
You need at least 1.5 hours to visit the principal sites and even some more when walking through the gardens.


text:
iHerb Customer Reviews
Savings of: $13.92 (46% off)
health nut
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gives me energy and a good one
Good price for coQ 10
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heart healthy
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obtenemos excelentes resultados.
will buy it again.
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Heart Help
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I think it's working -- I feel that my heart burn is a bit more controlled. I also take 2000mg if fish oil for my heart.
Great Doctor's Best product
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I need CoQ10 for irregular heart beats and this one has kept my heart safe and me well. Wouldn't miss it for the world. Other products haven't worked near as well.


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Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences
Special Academic Opportunities/Programs
The following special programs are available to Arts and Sciences students:
Academic Resource Center
The Academic Resource Center (ARC) seeks to increase the admission, retention, and graduation of undergraduate students in the Arts and Sciences by providing counseling, academic advising, University orientation course, study skills, tutoring, peer mentoring, and monitoring of student performance. The ARC offers the following services:
- Tutoring is available for introductory calculus and statistics courses through both individual and group programs.
- The ARC offers Study Skills Workshops, Individualized Study Skills, and various Study Skills Mini-Workshops for students who want to develop more efficient and effective ways of studying. Topics include suggestions for improving textbook reading, lecture note taking, memory, time management, and test-taking skills.
- Student Support Services (SSS) provides a holistic approach to student development and academic achievement. SSS counselors assist students with financial aid and registration procedures and academic and career planning. SSS offers tutoring by faculty and upper class students in mathematics and science, and 1-credit courses to help students maximize their learning potential. SSS is funded by the U.S. Department of Education.
For more information on the Academic Resource Center, please call 412-648-7920 or visit http://www.asundergrad.pitt.edu/offices/arc/index.html.
In addition to the services offered by the ARC, the departments of English and Mathematics host resource centers - the Writing Center and the Math Assistance Center (MAC), both located in the O'Hara Student Center. For more information, visit their Web sites at:
html and
Office of Freshman Programs
Introduction to the Arts and Sciences (FP 0001)
This one-credit course provides incoming freshmen in the Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences an extended orientation to academic life and its relation to life goals by exploring the nature and value of a liberal arts and sciences education. The small class size enables the students, instructor, and undergraduate teaching assistant to discuss many of the issues that will have an impact on a successful college experience, such as negotiating the transition from high school to college, learning and study skills, academic integrity, computer-system use and library orientation, and educational and career goals. Students often participate as a class in University and citywide cultural events, which gives students the opportunity to socialize beyond the classroom in a way that is valuable to their overall academic experience. For more information about Freshman Programs, visit http://www.asundergrad.pitt.edu/offices/freshman-programs/index.html.
Office of Undergraduate Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activity
The Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences Office of Undergraduate Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activity is a clearinghouse for students interested in earning academic credit for undergraduate research. While classroom and academic components are necessities to earning a college degree, experiential learning helps students to apply what they have been learning in school to real-world situations. By diversifying their education through experiential learning, students maximize their opportunities for the future. For further information, please contact the Office of Undergraduate Research in 209 Thackeray Hall or at http://www.asundergrad.pitt.edu/offices/experiential-learning/index.html.
Study Abroad
Arts and Sciences students are encouraged to add an international dimension to their undergraduate education through study abroad. Credit may be earned toward the Arts and Sciences degree through participation in one of several University of Pittsburgh programs or consortia-sponsored programs including Konan Year in Japan, the Denmark International Studies Program, and studies at the Universidad de las Americas in Puebla, Mexico, or the Universities of Sheffield and Sussex in England, to name a few. Students may study in virtually any part of the world in these programs or others sponsored by most American or international institutions.
Before study abroad is undertaken, approval for credit must be obtained. The study abroad advisor provides program approval, and the Arts and Sciences advisor in the department in which credit is sought and the Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences Advising Center must approve the course selections and credits. Students should have at least a 2.75 GPA before seeking permission from the Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences Advising Center to study abroad. In most cases, registration must be completed in the Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences Advising Center, 201 Thackeray Hall. Call the Study Abroad Office in Room 802 William Pitt Union at 412-648-7413 or see www.abroad.pitt.edu for more information.
Arts and Sciences Certificate Programs
Certificates are earned in addition to a major and may be used to satisfy the related area requirement, depending upon the major department chosen. Certificates typically require 1824 credits. See below for summary information about certificate programs available to students through A&S. Other undergraduate certificate programs are available through the Swanson School of Engineering and the University Center for International Studies (UCIS); Arts and Sciences students are encouraged to consider those certificates, too. Detailed descriptions of these programs are available in handouts in the Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences Advising Center, 201 Thackeray Hall.
American Sign Language Certificate
The Department of Linguistics offers an undergraduate Certificate in American Sign Language (ASL). This certificate program should lead students to: a high degree of proficiency in ASL; an understanding of the structure of ASL as a visual/gestural language; and an understanding of important issues in deaf culture and education.
This certificate program could conveniently accompany various undergraduate majors including, but not limited to, linguistics, communication science, and various undergraduate disciplines that serve as the basis for graduate-level degrees and certificates in the University of Pittsburgh School of Education. The program draws on the academic strengths and resources of the Department of Linguistics in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences and the Department of Instruction and Learning in the School of Education.
Currently, there is a limit of 20 students per academic year who can enroll in the ASL certificate program. For this reason, each applicant will be required to go through an evaluation process. Applications are accepted early during the spring term of each academic year, and students will be notified of their acceptance or non-acceptance into the program before registering for fall classes. Please contact the Less-Commonly-Taught Languages Center, CL G-47, for application packets or more information (firstname.lastname@example.com, 412-624-5512).
Requirements for Certificate in American Sign Language Prerequisites
- LING 0471 American Sign Language 1 (B or higher)
- LING 0472 American Sign Language 2 (B or higher)
- Successful performance on skills and knowledge evaluations
Required courses (18 credits)
Category 1:
- LING 0473 American Sign Language 3
- LING 0474 American Sign Language 4
Category 2:
- LING 1722 Deaf Culture
Category 3:
- LING 1000 Introduction to Linguistics
Category 4:
- LING 1720 Structure of Sign Language
Category 5 (one of the following):
- LING 1721 Sociolinguistics of Sign Language
- LING 1723 Analyses of ASL Literature
Arabic Language and Linguistics Certificate
The Department of Linguistics offers an undergraduate certificate in Arabic Language and Linguistics. This certificate program should lead students to:
- an intermediate to advanced proficiency in Modern Standard Arabic (formal Arabic) and at least one Arabic dialect;
- an understanding of the linguistic structure of Arabic;
- an understanding of important issues in Arabic literature and culture; and
- exposure to authentic Arabic reading and listening materials, and discussion of general topics of interest in the Arab world in Arabic.
The certificate program could conveniently accompany several undergraduate majors including, but not limited to, linguistics, political science, communication science, and various undergraduate disciplines that serve as the basis for graduate-level degrees and certificates in the schools of education, law, and others.
Students who are interested in the Arabic Language and Linguistics Certificate can apply for the program after they complete the prerequisites for the certificate which is the completion of two semesters of the language with an average B grade or higher. However, students could also apply for the certificate any time before their graduation if they complete the requirements by then. Contact the Arabic coordinator, Amani Attia (email@example.com) for advice on course planning, and to submit the application packet, which consists of three 3 forms to be filled out by candidates. This certificate requires 32-34 credits for completion.
Prerequisite courses:
Students must complete two semesters of Modern Standard Arabic in one dialect – Egyptian or Levantine, with a letter grade of B or higher to declare the certificate.
Choose one of the following pairs of courses
- Egyptian
- LING 0141/ ARABIC 0101 Modern Standard Arabic 1, Egyptian (5 credits)
- LING 0142 / ARABIC 0102 Modern Standard Arabic 2, Egyptian (5 credits)
- Levantine
- LING 0151 / ARABIC 0121 Modern Standard Arabic 1, Levantine (5 credits)
- LING 0152 / ARABIC 0122 Modern Standard Arabic 2, Levantine (5 credits)
In addition to the prerequisite courses, the certificate requires 22-23 credits of course work as follows:
Required Courses:
Two additional courses in the same dialect
- Egyptian
- LING 0143 / ARABIC 0103 Modern Standard Arabic 3, Egyptian (4 credits)
- LING 0144 / ARABIC 0104 Modern Standard Arabic 4, Egyptian (4 credits)
- Levantine
- LING 0153 / ARABIC 0123 Modern Standard Arabic 3, Levantine (4 credits)
- LING 0154 / ARABIC 0124 Modern Standard Arabic 4, Levantine (4 credits)
In some cases, students could change from one dialect track to the other, based on study abroad needs, schedule conflicts, or other factors. The student must show a certain level of proficiency in the target dialect. Contact Arabic coordinator (email@example.com) for advice on this issue.
One of the following courses as a prerequisite for LING 1520 / ARABIC 1705 Introduction to Arabic Linguistics:
- LING 1000 Introduction to Linguistics (3 credits)
- CSD 1020 Nature of Languages (3 credits)
Both of the following courses
- LING 1520 / ARABIC 1705 Introduction to Arabic Linguistics (3 credits)
- LING 1524 / ARABIC 1115 Readings in Arabic (3 credits)
One of the following courses
- LING 1522 / ARABIC 1615 Arabic Life and Thought (3 credits)
- LING 1523 / ARABIC 1635 Introduction to Modern Arabic Literature (3 credits)
One of the following Arabic related elective courses. These could be Arabic content courses, or Arabic related courses taught in English:
- LING 0145 / ARABIC 0105 Modern Standard Arabic 5, Egyptian (4 credits)
- LING 0146 / ARABIC 0106 Modern Standard Arabic 6, Egyptian (4 credits)
- LING 0155 / ARABIC 0125 Modern Standard Arabic 5, Levantine (3 credits)
- LING 0156 / ARABIC 0126 Modern Standard Arabic 6, Levantine (3 credits)
- LING 0711 / ARABIC 0211 Iraqi 1 (2 credits)
- LING 0712 / ARABIC 0212 Iraqi 2 (2 credits)
- LING 0713 / ARABIC 0213 Iraqi 3 (2 credits)
- LING 0731 / ARABIC 0221 Moroccan 1 (2 credits)
- LING 0732 / ARABIC 0222 Moroccan 2 (2 credits)
- LING 0733 / ARABIC 0223 Moroccan 3 (2 credits)
- LING 1522 / ARABIC 1615 Arabic Life and Thought (3 credits)
- LING 1523 / ARABIC 1635 Introduction to Modern Arabic Literature (3 credits)
- LING 1527 / ARABIC 1909 Special Topics in Arabic (3 credits)
- ECON 0640 Economic Development of the Middle East and Northern African Region
- HIST 0756 / RELGST 0455 Introduction to Islamic Civilization
- PS 1351 Government and Politics of the Middle East
- SOC 1366 Sociology of Islam
- Other Arabic-related courses offered by another Dietrich School department or University of Pittsburgh school, such courses taken as part of a study abroad program, with the approval of the Arabic coordinator
Children's Literature Certificate
Books written for children are among the best-loved and best-remembered of all works of literature. They also provide some of the most important early learning experiences. In recent years, books written for children have attracted increasing interest from scholars and students as well as parents, educators, publishers, and journalists. What kinds of stories do we consider appropriate for children, and why? How have our opinions about this topic changed over time and across different cultures? And how is literacy changing, now that children are exposed not only to books, films, and television, but also to video games and the world wide web?
The interdisciplinary Certificate in Childrens Literature offers undergraduates the opportunity to bring together studies across a broad range of subjects as they contemplate these and other questions pertaining to youth literature and culture. Founded in 1981, the program is designed to meet the individual student's interests and strengths and fulfills the Arts and Sciences requirement for a related area. The Children's Literature Certificate provides a useful background for many areas of professional work and study. Many of our students pursue careers in elementary, secondary, and special education, or in information science, child care, or social work. Others students have gone to graduate school in the humanities (English, History, Film Studies) or social sciences (Sociology, Psychology, Anthropology). Recent graduates of our new "Writing Youth Literature" course have gone to internships at Sesame Street Productions and the Harvey Klinger Literary Agency in New York City. For more information on the study of childrens literature at the University, see www.childrenslit.pitt.edu.
Requirements for Certificate in Children's Literature
The certificate is a planned interdisciplinary sequence of at least 18 credits. The program director must also be consulted about the design of the students individual course of study. The three required core courses for the certificate are:
- ENGLIT 0560 Children and Culture
- ENGLIT 0562 Childhoods Books or ENGLIT 0655 Representing Adolescence
- ENGLIT 1645 Critical Approaches to Childrens Literature*
Students are encouraged to take all four of the above courses, since either ENGLIT 0562 or ENGLIT 0655 may be taken as a Category 1 elective. Of these two courses, the course not taken as an elective must be taken as a core course.
In addition to the three core courses, students should design their own course of study to complete the remaining credits, in consultation with the program director. Courses must be selected from an approved list of courses, available from the program director.
*ENGLIT 1645 Critical Approaches to Children's Literature is the capstone course for the Children's Literature program and must be taken last.
Conceptual Foundations of Medicine Certificate
The Department of History & Philosophy of Science's undergraduate certificate program in the Conceptual Foundations of Medicine offers a group of related courses in medical ethics, in the nature of explanation and evidence in the biomedical sciences, and in social problems such as assessments of alternative forms of healthcare delivery. The program is likely to be of particular interest to premedical students and others interested in health-related professions, but it is intended to appeal to all students interested in social and philosophical problems in the biomedical sciences. Completion of the certificate program fulfills the Arts and Sciences requirement for a related area, although students should check with their major department. Students who complete the program receive a Certificate in Conceptual Foundations of Medicine, which is printed on the transcript. For more information, see www.hps.pitt.edu/undergraduate/certificate.php
Requirements for Certificate in Conceptual Foundations of Medicine
The certificate requires 18 credits. It is expected that enrolled students will achieve at least a C grade in each of the required courses and at least a C+ GPA in the overall certificate requirements. Students should apply to the program as early in their course work as possible. Normally, satisfactory completion of one course in the two-term core sequence HPS 0612 and 0613 is required for admission. These courses form the introductory sequence for the certificate. They may be taken in either order. The following states the course requirements for the certificate:
- HPS 0612 Mind and Medicine
- HPS 0613 Morality and Medicine.
- A two-term college-level course in biology, such as BIOSC 0150 and 0160 Foundations of Biology I and II.
- Two additional approved courses in two different departments dealing with social and conceptual issues in the biomedical sciences. A list of such approved courses is distributed by the Department of History and Philosophy of Science prior to registration each term. Courses are approved on a term-by-term basis.
HPS 0612 focuses on questions concerning the aims of medicine, its scientific status, and its relation to the natural sciences. HPS 0613 is an introduction to the ethical, legal, and social problems that are part of the modern practice of medicine. The focus throughout will be on the role of moral values in medical treatment.
Certificate in Gender, Sexuality, and Women's StudiesThe Gender, Sexuality, and Women's Studies program is an interdisciplinary academic program focusing on gender, sexuality, and women. Gender, Sexuality, and Women's Studies (GSWS) courses and cross-listed courses in various departments across the university provide opportunities for all students to broaden their understandings of the changing role of gender in the United States and globally. Students who want to explore the intersection of gender with race, class, ethnicity, nation, religion, ability, age, sex and sexuality will find courses of interest, as will students who want to know more about the role of women in history, in literature and the arts, in media and science. Students who plan careers in medicine, the creative arts, social work, education, counseling, law, therapy, academia, and business find that this program's courses enhance their professional activities. Still others report that the confidence and insight that they acquire in such courses enriches their lives regardless of their particular career goals. For more information, please visit the Gender, Sexuality, and Women's Studies Program in 401 Cathedral of Learning or online at www.gsws.pitt.edu.
Requirements for the Certificate in Gender, Sexuality, and Women's Studies
Please consult the Gender, Sexuality and Women's Studies Undergraduate Advisor to plan your program of study.
A minimum of 18-credits, completed with an overall GPA of 2.00 is required, as follows:
- GSWS 0100 Introduction to Gender, Sexuality, and Women's Studies
- One of the following, though students are encouraged to take both courses
- GSWS 0500 Introduction to Feminist Theory
- GSWS 0550 Sex and Sexualities
- Three elective courses from at least two different academic departments. GSWS may count as one of these programs. Courses must be approved for GSWS credit; consult the Course Descriptions Web site, www.courses.as.pitt.edu, for current listings
- At least one 1000-level course with a GSWS subject; a cross-listed course will not fulfill this requirement.
Geographic Information Systems Certificate
The Geology and Planetary Science Department offers a Certificate in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). GIS is a computer-based system that accommodates virtually any type of information about features that are referenced by geographical location. For example, a GIS database may include both location and attribute data, providing a spatial visualization capability for analyzing descriptive characteristics about geographical features, both natural and man-made. One of the most important benefits of GIS analysis is the ability to spatially interrelate multiple types of information stemming from a range of sources. Such computational manipulation of geographic data has become increasingly important in many areas of science, government, and industry. Students who demonstrate experience with computers in general, and GIS/image processing in particular, are at a distinct advantage when looking for jobs in geology, environmental science, city and regional planning, and engineering. This certificate is designed to provide students with the knowledge and skills needed for immediate success in GIS-related jobs.
Requirements for Certificate in Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
The program is open to any University of Pittsburgh student, including post-baccalaureate students (professionals seeking to expand their job-related computer skills). Approximately four terms (two academic years) will be required to complete this certificate program. It is therefore suggested that undergraduates begin no later than their junior year. A grade of C or better is required in all courses for successful completion of the certificate. GIS topics covered include the nature of geographic data, map projections, raster images, the basic elements of a GIS database, sources of data, and training in the Arc/Info software package. Students also have the option of focusing on remote sensing theory and applications. Remote sensing (RS) topics include image analysis and processing; field validation of satellite and airborne datasets; GPS training; and the use of software packages such as ENVI, Erdas Imagine, ERMapper, and Trimbles Pathfinder Office.
Required core courses (6 credits):
- GEOL 1445/2449 GIS, GPS, and Computer Methods
- GEOL 1460 Remote Sensing of the Earth
Two elective courses may be chosen that have special relevance to the students major or employment goals. Appropriate courses will be available from many different departments. Courses not on the following list may be selected contingent on approval by the certificate advisor.
Suggested elective courses (6 credits):
Lower level:
- GEOL 0030 World Physical Geography
- GEOL 0820 Natural Disasters
1000 level:
- GEOL 1060 Geomorphology, prerequisites
- BIOSC 1044 Ecological Management Summer Field Course, prerequisites
- INFSCI 1022 Database Management Systems, prerequisites or INFSCI 1030 Information Storage and Retrieval, prerequisites
2000 level:
- GEOL 2446 Advanced GIS Systems Computer Methods, prerequisites
- GEOL 2460 Applied Remote Sensing and GPS Techniques, prerequisites
Independent Study (4 credits):
Students must demonstrate proficiency in the application of the techniques by completing a project under the supervision of a faculty advisor. Sufficient work must be performed to earn four independent study or directed research credits. Faculty from any department may serve as the advisor, but students are encouraged to work with faculty in their primary area of interest. Projects must use GIS and/or RS as a major tool and result in a published report/map/CD-ROM that describes the results of the research.
German Language Certificate
The Certificate in German Language consists of 18 credits of German courses and prepares students for international careers, internationally recognized proficiency exams, and internships in German-speaking countries.
Requirements for Certificate in Germanic Language
The certificate offers two tracks: one for the liberal arts and one for professional purposes. Courses should be taken in sequence.
German for the Liberal Arts
The following courses should be taken, in sequence, by students in this track:
- GER 0003 Intermediate German 1
- GER 0004 Intermediate German 2 with a minimum grade of B- before taking any course in the GER 1000-level experience
Two of the following:
- GER 1000 Reading Literary Texts
- GER 1001 Writing in German
- GER 1005 German Media, with a minimum grade of B- before taking additional courses in GER 1000-level experience
One of the following:
- GER 1102 Advanced German Structures
- GER 1104 German for Social Scientists
- GER 1105 Introduction to Literary Analysis
- GER 1106 German Cultural History
One of the GER 12001400 seminars taught in German
German for Professional Purposes
The following courses should be taken, in sequence, by students in this track:
- GER 0003 Intermediate German 1
- GER 0004 Intermediate German 2, with a minimum grade of B- before taking any course in the Ger 1000-level experience
- GER 1003 German for Professional Purposes 1
- GER 1004 German for Professional Purposes 2
One of the following:
- GER 1005 German Media
- GER 1102 Advanced German Structures
- GER 1104 German for Social Scientists
Nine credits may be transferred from study abroad programs in German-speaking countries in accordance with the credit transfer policy of the University of Pittsburgh. These credits have to be pre-approved by the director of undergraduate studies.
A minimum GPA of 2.0 is required in each course that counts toward the certificate. No course that counts toward the certificate can be taken on an S/NC basis unless the student received special permission from the Director of Undergraduate Studies.
For more information, visit www.german.pitt.edu/undergraduate/certificate.php
Jewish Studies Certificate
The Jewish Studies Program is open to all students interested in the Hebrew language and the history and culture of the Jewish people and their contributions to Western civilization. In the historical courses, emphasis is on the interaction of the Jewish people with their neighbors, as well as the development of distinctive cultural and religious values. A certificate program is offered, and interdisciplinary studies options can be arranged to include courses in this program. Information is also available on opportunities for intensive study in Israel. The program in Jewish studies offers undergraduates the opportunity to supplement work in their own department or major with an interdisciplinary course of study in the area of Jewish studies. Completion of the certificate program fulfills the Arts and Sciences requirement for a related area (although students should check with their major departments) and will be indicated on the transcript.
Requirements for the Jewish Studies Certificate
The certificate requires 18 credits. A maximum of 9 credits may be transferred from another institution, including study abroad. Credits are to be distributed as follows:
- JS 0025 Intermediate Hebrew 3 or higher (3 credits)
- Jewish studies: Two 1000-level courses selected from the inventory of Jewish Studies courses offered at the University of Pittsburgh (6 credits)
- JS 1901 Independent Study (3 credits)
- One course from any of the above categories (3 credits)
Those interested in graduate study are strongly urged to acquire a knowledge of Hebrew and either French or German. Students should consult with the advisor in the Jewish Studies Program in order to register their interest in the certificate program and to plan their course of study, including the choice of an appropriate independent study project.
Life Sciences Research Certificate
The goals of this certificate program are to enable students to: understand and apply key concepts in designing and performing authentic experimental research; learn and practice good science communication, ethics and responsible conduct in research; develop research practices and critical thinking skills needed for a career in research; and compile evidence of rigorous training in research for applicants to jobs and graduate programs. Students must complete four terms of inquiry-based research in lab or field settings under faculty mentorship, overseen by Research Certificate Oversight Committee, two courses about research methods, three courses focusing on quantitative skills, one course in history and philosophy of science, and written and oral presentations of their research
Application Requirements
- Introductory Biology. Completed two terms of introductory biology, with a grade of C [not C-] or above. Transfers or students with AP/IB credit may be exempt from part of this requirement.
Bio 1: Choose one (each totals 4 cr.)
- BIOSC 0150 Foundations of Biology 1 and (BIOSC 0050 Foundations of Biology Lab 1 or BIOSC 0057)
- BIOSC 0715 Foundations of Biology 1 [UHC] and (BIOSC 0050 Foundations of Biology Lab 1 or BIOSC 0057)
- BIOSC 0190 Discovering Life: An Introduction to the Biological World 1 (includes a lab component)
Bio 2: Choose one (each totals 4 cr.)
- BIOSC 0160 Foundations of Biology 1 and (BIOSC 0060 Foundations of Biology Lab 1 or BIOSC 0067)
- BIOSC 0716 Foundations of Biology 1 [UHC] and (BIOSC 0060 Foundations of Biology Lab 1 or BIOSC 0067)
- BIOSC 0191 Discovering Life: An Introduction to the Biological World 1 (includes a lab component)
- Completed 2 credits of mentored research in a Certificate-approved faculty laboratory (one term; min. 140 hrs.; BIOSC 1903/1904 or NROSCI 1901/1961 or equivalent) and have a letter of support from the faculty sponsor.
- GPA. If students have a cumulative GPA of 2.75 or lower after completing the initial term of research, the faculty sponsor must comment in their letter of support on whether the student is likely to meet the rigorous demands of the Certificate.
Requirements to Complete the Certificate
- Mentored Research in Life Sciences
- Components of mentored research projects: Formulation of hypotheses, experimental design, data collection, data interpretation, drawing conclusions supported by the data. Presentation of research findings, understanding the pertinent scientific literature, developing new knowledge, and development of a path towards research independence.
- Research credit requirements: Three additional terms (each term; min. 140 hours.; BIOSC 1903/1904 or NROSCI 1901/1961 or equivalent.) of research for a total of at least 8 credits or credit equivalents. BIOSC1903/1904 and NROSCI 1901/1961 must be approved and credits awarded according to departmental procedures. The final 2 terms of research must be with the same faculty mentor. Research equivalents must be approved by the RCOC.
- Pre-planning and Reporting for each Term: Pre-planning and Reporting: In the last week of classes before the next term of research (see B above), students must submit a 1-2 page report and prospectus summarizing accomplishments and aims for the next term. RCOC determines whether the research can count towards the Certificate before the end of the add/drop period. Oversight: Reporting documents must be co-signed by the faculty sponsor (and co-sponsor if any).
- Choice of Research Faculty: Research-active faculty in the Departments of Biological Sciences or Neuroscience may sponsor students for research in their labs. Faculty sponsors in other A&S departments or other University of Pittsburgh schools must be approved by RCOC.
- Optional Off-campus Research Term: One term of off-campus research may be approved (e.g. summer fellowship or study abroad). Submit in advance a 1-page description to RCOC of the project and the research environment plus a letter from the research advisor confirming commitment to the ≥140 hours of research activity.
- Quantitative Skills Courses – Statistics and Mathematics
Complete three courses from this list (9 credits).
- BIOSC 1545 Mathematics of Biology
- MATH 0220 Calculus I
- MATH 0230 Calculus II
- MATH 0280 Intro to Matrices & Linear Algebra
- MATH 0290 Applied Differential Equations
- MATH 1380 Math Biology
- STAT 1000 Applied Statistical Methods
- STAT 1221 Applied Regression
- STAT 1211 Applied Categorical Data Analysis
- STAT 1231 Applied Experimental Design
- STAT 1241 Applied Sampling
- STAT 1311 Applied Multivariate Analysis
- STAT 1321 Applied Time Series
Graduate level options for the certificate:
- BIOST 2041 Introduction to Statistical Reasoning
- BIOST 2011 Principles of Statistical Reasoning
- BIOST 2012 New advanced course
- History and Philosophy of Science Courses
Complete one course from this list (3 credits).
- HPS 0427 Myth and Science
- HPS 0437 Darwinism and its Critics
- HPS 0430 Galileo & Creation of Modern Science
- HPS 0515 or HIST 0089 Magic, Medicine & Science
- HPS 0611 Principles of Scientific Reasoning
- HPS 1620 Philosophy of Biology
- HPS 1625 Philosophy of Medicine
- HPS 1508 Classics in the History of Science
- HPS 1653 Introduction to Philosophy of Science
- HPS 1670 Philosophy of Neuroscience
- HPS 1800 Special Topics in HPS
- Research Methods Courses
Complete two Research Methods courses, one in research communication and one in research mechanics. It is recommended that the research courses be in the student's major department.
- BIOSC 1906 Research Methods: Communication in Life Sciences Research
- BIOSC 1907 Research Methods: Under the Hood of Life Sciences Research
- NROSCI 2014 Speaking of Science
- NROSCI 2410 Translating Neuroscience
Be enrolled in the Certificate and performing research in a Certificate-approved lab during the same term as enrolled in these courses. Courses may be taken in any order. Substitution of other Research Methods courses must be pre-approved by RCOC.
- Presenting Research
The student must present their research at two scientific meetings or symposia, at least one venue must be outside of major and research Departments. Ex.: Honors College Research Fair, Science20xx, Duquesne Summer Undergraduate Research Symposium, regional or national scientific meeting. Presentation and abstract must be designed and delivered by the student and approved by the research faculty advisor and RCOC. The research abstract and a copy of poster or talk must be submitted to RCOC.
- Research paper
The student will submit a manuscript describing the research completed in the final research experience spanning at least two consecutive terms. This will be in the form of a research manuscript. The paper must be submitted to the faculty sponsor and the RCOC by the last week of classes before finals week. The paper must be approved by the faculty sponsor and RCOC. The same final research paper may be considered for satisfying both Departmental Honors and the Research Certificate, provided it fulfills other requirements of the Department.
- Portfolio Documentation
Upon registration for the Certificate, students must start (and regularly update) their electronic Portfolio, documenting their progress towards Certificate completion. Each proposal, presentation, research report, and other Certificate-related materials must be collated in the Portfolio. The Portfolio allows students, faculty, and advisors to review progress towards the Certificate, and provides coherent documentation of research proficiency when applying for employment or graduate school admission.
- GPA requirements
The student must remain in good academic standing (minimum cumulative GPA 2.00); if students have a cumulative GPA of 2.75 or lower after completing the initial term of research, the faculty sponsor for that research must comment in writing their letter of support on whether the student is likely to meet the rigorous demands of the Certificate.
- Advising
Majors in the Departments of Biological Sciences or Neuroscience will be advised through their departments. Students outside of these majors will be assigned an advisor within one of these majors.
Students conducting research with a faculty member who does not work in the Departments of Biological Sciences or Neuroscience must have their research faculty sponsor complete a Faculty Mentor Application (http://www.biology.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/ResCertFacMentorAppl_2014.doc) unless they are a CNUP (http://cnup.neurobio.pitt.edu/people/index.aspx) faculty member. Students must submit the faculty mentor application with their application for the certificate.
Medieval and Renaissance Studies Certificate
In spite of change through the centuries and variations of a regional and national character, the millennium preceding the deaths of Shakespeare and Cervantes in 1616 is marked by a coherence sufficient to justify considering it as a cultural entity, worthy of study for its humanistic qualities and for its importance in preparing the modern world. Some of the principal aims of the Medieval and Renaissance Studies Program are:
- to identify and explore aspects of medieval and Renaissance cultures that are an important part of our own cultural heritage;
- to promote an understanding of our medieval and Renaissance ancestors through the investigation of the ways they faced the issues of their day, asked questions of their institutions, and were conscious of themselves and the world around them;
- to help students understand historical relativity by showing them how different periods and individuals have understood the Middle Ages and Renaissance in very different ways; and
- to provide the basis for an open-minded attitude toward any culture that is different from our own.
In consultation with a program advisor (who may be a member of the Executive Committee, one of the departmental representatives, or another faculty member specializing in the area), the candidate will define an area of interest and organize a program of courses in relation to it. In designing a certificate program, students are urged to keep in mind the aims of the program as described above. For more information, see http://www.medren.pitt.edu/.
Requirements for Medieval and Renaissance Certificate
The Certificate requires 15 credits:
At least nine credits will be earned in 1000-level courses
One of the five courses must be focused on the medieval period; see the list of qualifying courses at http://www.medren.pitt.edu/undergraduate-certificates/overview.php
One of the five courses must be focused on the Renaissance period; see the list of qualifying courses at http://www.medren.pitt.edu/undergraduate-certificates/overview.php
The student must take at least two courses from each category. Courses should not be chosen at random but should follow a pattern of interrelated studies worked out with a Program Advisor from one of the cooperating Departments or with the Director of Medieval and Renaissance Studies. The categories are:
- language and literature, the visual arts, and music; and
- social, intellectual, economic, and ideological history (including philosophy, religious studies, the history of science and the study of institutions).
A strong recommendation, beyond these requirements, is that certificate candidates acquire a reading knowledge of a modern European language as early as possible. In addition, Latin is suggested for those who plan to do graduate work in the field.
Undergraduate Certificate in Nanoscience and Engineering
Advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology (the ability to predict, create, and design with nanoscale materials and systems) are expected to reveal new physical phenomena and to enable the creation of highly desirable products and devices, in addition to revolutionary changes in industrial practice. Strength in nanoscience and nanotechnology has been identified as the nation's future competitiveness and prosperity, and strategic plans have been developed to accelerate nanoscience research and development, encourage knowledge transfer to spur econonmic growth, and expand educational programs and workforce training – all in a socially and environmentally responsible and sustainable manner.
Nanoscience and nanotechnology also has had a large and rapidly growing local impact. The Pittsburgh region is home to a number of corporations, including many smaller start-up companies, with major nanotechnology components to their businesses. The continued success of companies such as PPG, Seagate, Bayer, Alcoa, Plextronics, Westinghouse, Bettis, and II-VI will depend on their ability to recruit local engineering talent with the required background in nanoscience and nanotechnology. The continued development of nanotechnology-based entrepreneurial start-ups will depend in large part on a vibrant pool of young engineers and scientists with appropriate educational experience in nanoscience and nanotechnology.
This joint certificate, housed in both the Swanson School of Engineering (SSOE) and the Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences (Dietrich School) enables BS students from both schools to complement their education by completing a five-course sequence. The certificate is designed to be combined with coursework in any SSOE degree-granting program, or with chemistry and physics in the Dietrich School.
The course requirements for this certificate follow.
Required courses
- ENGR 0240 Introduction to Nanotechnology and Nanoengineering; this course has prerequisites
One of the following courses; these courses have prerequisites.
- CHEM 1630 Introduction to Nanoscience
- PHYS 1375 Introduction to Nanoscience;
One of the following courses.
- ENGR 1730 Research Experiences in Nanotechnology
- CHEM 1730 Research Experiences in Nanotechnology
- PHYS 1903 Directed Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Two elective courses from the following list.
- One of the following courses.
- CHEM 1410 Physical Chemistry 1
- CHEM 1420 Physical Chemistry 2
- CHEM 1480 Intermediate Physical Chemistry
- CHEM 1450 Molecular Modeling and Graphics
- CHEM 1600 Synthesis and Characterization of Polymers
- CHEM 1620 Atoms, Molecules, and Materials
- ECE 0257 Analysis & Design of Electronic Circuits
- ECE 1247 Semiconductor Device Theory
- ECE 2295 Nanosensors
- ENGR 0241 Fabrication and Design in Nanotechnology
- IE 1012 or IE 2012 Manufacture of Structural Nano-Materials
- MEMS 1057 Micro/Nano Manufacturing
- MEMS 1447 Nanocharacterization
- MEMS 1469 Materials Science of Nanostructures
- MEMS 1477 Thin Film Processes and Characterization
- MEMS 1478 Nanoparticles: Science and Technology
- MEMS 1480 Introduction to Microelectromechanical Systems
- PHYS 0577 Modern Physical Measurements
- PHYS 1361 Wave Motion and Optics
- One of the following courses.
- PHYS 1370 Quantum Mechanics 1
- PHYS 1371 Quantum Mechanics 2
- PHYS 1374 Introduction to Solid State Physics
Photonics Certificate
Photonics is one of the fastest growing high-tech industries in the world today. It includes optical communications (e.g., fiber optics, lasers, and infrared links), optical imaging (e.g., spy and weather satellites, night vision, holography, flat screen display, and CCD video cameras), optical data storage (e.g., CDs and CD-ROMs), optical detectors (e.g., supermarket scanners, medical optics, and nondestructive evaluation of materials), lasers (e.g., welding lasers, laser surgery, laser shows, and laser rangefinders), spectroscopy (e.g., chemical analysis and detection), and quantum optics (e.g., quantum cryptography, quantum computing, and single-photon detection).
Although the photonics industry is growing rapidly, photonics companies have a hard time finding qualified people because the interdisciplinary field crosses physics, physical chemistry, and electrical engineering. The photonics certificate program at the University of Pittsburgh will give this kind of cross-cutting experience and allow students to move directly into the photonics industry. The Certificate in Photonics will also serve as good preparation for graduate school in solid state physics, physical chemistry, or electrical engineering with optoelectronics emphasis.
Students in the certificate program will have opportunities for laboratory research with professors at the University of Pittsburgh and will also receive special job placement referrals.
Requirements for Certificate in Photonics
The certificate is designed to fit easily with a physics, chemistry, or electrical engineering major, but students with other majors can also earn the certificate.
To receive the certificate, students must have taken
- One of the following pairs
- PHYS 0174 Basic Physics for Science and Engineering 1 and 0175 Basic Physics for Science and Engineering 1
- PHYS 0475 Introduction to Physics for Science and Engineering 1 and 0476 UHC Introduction to Physics for Science and Engineering 2
- One of the following pairs
- CHEM 0110 General Chemistry 1 and 0120 General Chemistry 2
- CHEM 0710 Honors General Chemistry 1 and CHEM 0720 Honors General Chemistry 2
- CHEM 0960 General Chemistry for Engineers 1 and 0970 General Chemistry for Engineers 2
- MATH 0220 Analytic Geometry and Calculus 1
- MATH 0230 Analytic Geometry and Calculus 2
- MATH 0240 Analytic Geometry and Calculus 3
- MATH 0250 Matrix Theory and Differential Equations
Required laboratory courses:
- One of the following
- PHYS 0219 Basic Lab Physics for Science and Engineering
- PHYS 0577 Modern Physics Measurements
- CHEM 0250 Introduction to Analytical Chemistry and 0260 Introduction to Analytical Chemistry Lab
- EE 0501 Digital Systems Laboratory
- One of the following
- PHYS 0525 Analog and Digital Electronics
- EE 1201 Electronics Measurements and Circuits Lab and EE 1212 Electronic Circuit Design Lab
- CHEM 1430 Physical Chemistry Lab 1 and CHEM 1255 Instrumental Analysis Lab
In addition, the following courses are required for the certificate.
- PHYS 1361 Waves and Optics Lab
- EE 1247 Semiconductor Devices
- EE 1232Lasers and Optronics
- One of the following
- CHEM 1410 Physical Chemistry
- PHYS 1370 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 1 and PHYS 1371 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 2
- Two of the following courses or sequences
- One of the following
- PHY 1351 Intermediate Electricity and Magnetism
- EE 1259 Electromagnetics and EE 1266 Applications of Fields and Waves
- CHEM 1250 Instrumental Analysis
- TELCOM 2222 Photonic Communications
- Junior Photonics Seminar (two semesters, each 1 credit) (cross listed as PHYS 0177, CHEM 1750, or EE 1248)
- Photonics Theory 1 (3 credits) (cross listed as PHYS 1363, CHEM 1470/1472, or EE 1240/1240)
- Photonics Theory 2 (3 credits) (cross listed as PHYS 1364, CHEM 1470/1472, or EE 1240/1241)
- Photonics Laboratory (1 credit) (PHYS 1365, to be cross listed in EE and CHEM)
For more information, see www.phyast.pitt.edu/~snoke/photonics.
Public and Professional Writing Certificate (PPW)
Writing plays a crucial role in the lives of people after they leave college, as students go on to work, volunteer, attend professional schools, and advocate for themselves and others. The PPW certificate focuses on writing that serves professional goals and/or the public interest. We invite students from across the University to focus on writing as a way to develop the critical writing, learning, and thinking skills necessary to all sectors of American professional lifeprivate, nonprofit, and government.
Students who know that they will write extensively as professionals in law, medicine, the sciences, social work, public policy, international relations, business, or other fields are good candidates for the PPW certificate, as are students who are interested in advocacy and activism. Students contemplating graduate work should also find the course of study leading to the PPW certificate useful. The courses will allow students to work on significant writing projects in a range of venues. Students who have finished the certificate should have a compelling portfolio of work that they can show to prospective employers.
Students should expect to undertake rigorous intellectual work that will increase their precision as writers, deepen their facility with language and style, and deepen their engagement with writing as a form of social action that has consequences in the world. For more information, see www.composition.pitt.edu/ppw/.
All students who wish to enroll in the certificate program must submit a letter of intent (this would be the equivalent of an admission essay), a resume, and a writing sample. Please submit this information via campus mail or U.S. mail to Department of English, Public and Professional Writing Certificate, 526 Cathedral of Learning, Pittsburgh, PA 15260.
Requirements for Certificate in Public and Professional Writing
At least 18 credits are required to complete the PPW certificate; students must maintain a minimum B GPA in the three courses required by the certificate.
Students must take ONE of the following core courses:
- ENGCMP 0400 Written Professional Communication
- ENGCMP 0410 Writing in the Legal Professions
- ENGCMP 0420 Writing for the Public
After they have completed one of the core courses with at least a B, students must also complete, with at least a B, a minimum of TWO approved 1000-level courses (one of which may be a PPW internship) in the composition program.
The remaining 9 credits may come from designated intermediate and advanced course offerings in the English department. The list of designated courses that count toward the certificate will be given to students when they register for the program; designated courses are also listed online. Students may petition to have a relevant course count toward the PPW certificate.
Undergraduate Certificate in Sustainability
Environmental and sustainability programs study coupled human-natural systems using interdisciplinary approaches and knowledge. Such programs work at the science-engineering, science-policy, and policy management interfaces and aim to prepare sustainability-oriented problem solvers through interdisciplinary research, scholarship, and practice. This certificate addresses the need for education and research to strengthen our understanding of the links between human behavior and natural processes by integrating the behavioral and social sciences, earth sciences, physical sciences, engineering, and information sciences.
Completion of the certificate in the Dietrich School requires 18 credits. The following requirements are for Dietrich School students who pursue this certificate. Be advised that Swanson School of Engineering Students may have different requirements.
Required Courses
- ENGR 1110 Introduction to Sustainability
- ENGR 1905 Current Issues in Sustainability
- GEOL 1030 Atmosphere, Oceans, and Climate
Elective Courses
Select three of the following courses. Only one course may be in the student's major department.
- BIOSC 0740 Yellowstone Field Course (UHC, off-campus in Wyoming)
- BIOSC 1160 Forest Ecology (off-campus at Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology)
- BIOSC 1220 Ecological Field Studies (off-campus at Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology)
- BIOSC 1310 Wetland Ecology and Management (off-campus at Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology)
- BIOSC 1610 Conservation Biology (off-campus at Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology)
- CEE 1209 Life Cycle Assessment Methods and Tools
- CEE 1217 Green Building Design and Construction
- CEE 1218 Design for the Environment
- CEE1503 Introduction to Environmental Engineering
- CS 0090 Computers and Sustainability
- ECE 1769 Power Systems Analysis
- ECON 0360 Introduction to Resource and Environmental Economics
- ECON 0530 Introduction to Development Economics
- ECON 1360, has prerequisite Environmental Economics
- ENGLIT 0710 Contemporary Environmental Literature
- ENGLIT 1005 Environmental Literature
- ENGR 1060 Engineering for Humanity
- GEOL 0860 Environmental Geology
- GEOL 1051 Groundwater Geology
- GEOL 1060 Geomorphology
- GEOL 1333 Sustainability
- GEOL 1334 Environmental Policy
- GEOL 1445 GIS, GPS, and Computer Methods
- GEOL 1515 Environmental Geochemistry
- GEOL 1904 Sustainability Flash Lab
- GSWS 1450 Gender and Sustainability
- HAA 0940 Approaches to the Built Environment
- HIST 1019 Cities in Historical Perspective
- HIST 1695 Environmental History
- HONORS 1544 Reading the Earth (UHC, off campus in Wyoming)
- MEMS 1065 Thermal Systems Design
- PIA 2008 Economics for Public Affairs
- PIA 2231 Contemporary U.S. Energy Policy
- PS 1542 Global Environmental Politics
- SA 1340 Sculpture Studio: Projects
- SOC 1445 Society and the Environment
- URBNST 0080 Introduction to Urban Studies
- URBNST 1614 Urban Sustainability
Honors and Awards
Numerous scholarships, prizes, and awards are given annually to Dietrich School students for outstanding academic performance. For more information about an honor or award, contact the office, department, or program listed in parentheses following the honor or award title.
- A.J. Schneider Award (Studio Arts)
- A.J. Schneider Memorial Study Abroad Scholarship (History)
- Alfred d'Auberge Scholarship (Music)
- Abraham Pais Award (English)
- ACS Award (Chemistry)
- Alfred Moye Information Technology Initiative Summer Research Experience (Computer Science)
- Alison Bentley Kephart Memorial Fund in the Biological Sciences (Biological Sciences)
- Alliance Française Scholarship Fund (French and Italian Languages and Literatures)
- American Institute of Chemists Award (Chemistry)
- Anthony and Concetta Ambrosio Internship Award (Office of Undergraduate Research)
- Arts and Sciences Undergraduate Research Fund (US Steel) (Office of Undergraduate Research)
- Asher Isaacs Memorial Prize (Economics)
- Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship (University Honors College)
- Bernard J. Wein Fund for Undergraduate Research (Office of Undergraduate Research)
- Betty Blockstein Levine Memorial Award (Studio Arts)
- Carol Kay Award (English)
- Chancellor's Undergraduate Merit Scholarships (University Honors College)
- Children's Literature Program Undergraduate Paper Prize (Children's Literature)
- Chinese Language Study Abroad Scholarships (East Asian Languages and Literatures)
- Christine J. Toretti Endowed Fund for Undergraduate Research (Office of Undergraduate Research)
- Composition Program Writing Contest (English)
- Dante Alighieri Society Scholarship Fund (French and Italian Languages and Literatures)
- David Schenker Student Prize(Economics)
- Department of Studio Arts Achievement Award (Studio Arts)
- East Asian Languages and Literatures Merit Awards (East Asian Languages and Literatures)
- Esther and Tobias Dunkleberger Scholarship (Chemistry)
- Edwin O. Ochester Undergraduate Poetry Award (English)
- Ella P. Stewart Award (Biological Sciences)
- Emil Sanielevici Undergraduate Research Scholarship (Physics and Astronomy)
- Environmental Studies Field Experience/Study Abroad Scholarship (Geology and Planetary Science)
- Excellence in Research Award (Neuroscience)
- Fil Hearn Award for Study Abroad (History of Art and Architecture)
- Film Studies Undergraduate Writing Award (Film Studies)
- French and Italian Student Scholarship Fund (French and Italian Languages and Literatures)
- Freshman Chemistry Achievement Award (Chemistry)
- Friends of the Frick Fine Arts Undergraduate Writing Award (History of Art and Architecture)
- Halliday Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Research (Physics and Astronomy)
- Maria S. and Herbert G. Constant Fund (French and Italian Languages and Literatures)
- Ira A. Messer Award (Chemistry)
- JK and Gertrude Miller Award (English)
- James E. Bradler Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Research (Neuroscience)
- James Snead Memorial Essay Award (English)
- James V. Harrison Fund (Office of Undergraduate Research)
- Jennifer and Eric Spiegel Book Award (Communication)
- Jerome C. Wells Award (Economics)
- John F. Haskins Award (History of Art and Architecture)
- Dr. John Knox Hall, Jr. Scholarship ((Psychology)
- Julie Thompson Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Writing (Physics and Astronomy)
- Koloc Award (English)
- Larson O'Brien Prize for Excellence in Professional Writing (English)
- Leonard Baxt Fund (Office of Undergraduate Research)
- Leonard S. and Mildred E. Gerlowski Student Award in the Department of Music (Music)
- Lilly Summer Research Fellowship (Chemistry)
- Lore B. Foltin Memorial Prize (Germanic Languages and Literatures)
- M.M. Culver Memorial Fund (Mathematics)
- Marlee and James Myer Award (English)
- Martin Richard and Susan Baer Gluck Award (Music or Studio Arts)
- Mary Louise Theodore Prize (Chemistry)
- Mary M. Masco Memorial Fund (Arts and Sciences Undergraduate Studies)
- Mellon Jazz Scholarship (Music)
- Merck Award (Chemistry)
- Michael and Susan Ford Scholarship Award (Economics)
- Montgomery Culver Prize for Fiction (English)
- Nationality Room Scholarships (Nationality Rooms)
- Norman K. Flint Memorial Field Geology Scholarship (Geology and Planetary Science)
- Dr. Norman H. Horowitz Award (Biological Sciences)
- Oberbeck Scholarship for Student Research (Arts and Sciences Undergraduate Studies)
- Oratory Competition Awards (Communication)
- Ossip Writing Awards (English)
- Outstanding Freshman Scholar Award (Biological Sciences)
- Outstanding Undergraduate Student Award (Computer Science)
- Peter F. M. Koehler Sophomore/Junior Level Academic Achievement Award (Physics and Astronomy)
- Peter F. M. Koehler Junior/Senior Level Academic Achievement Award (Physics and Astronomy)
- Phillips Medal (Chemistry)
- Prize for Excellence in Writing for the Public Interest (English)
- Richard F. Zarilla Award (Chemistry)
- Richard T. Hartman Fund (Biological Sciences)
- Rita R and David A Rossi Scholarship (Chemistry)
- Robert W. Avery Award for Undergraduate Excellence in Sociology (Sociology)
- Ruth L. M. Kuschmierz "Pitt in Germany" Scholarship Fund (German)
- SACP College Award (Chemistry)
- Samuel B. Frazier Undergraduate Book Scholarship (Geology and Planetary Science)
- Samuel D. Colella Award (Biological Sciences)
- Silverman Award (Chemistry)
- Taube Award for Fiction (English)
- Teplitz Memorial Scholarship (Chemistry)
- Theodora C. Diamantopulos Endowed Fund for Student Resources (Arts and Sciences Undergraduate Studies)
- Thomas-Lain Scholarship (Physics and Astronomy)
- Tung-Li and Hui Hsi Yuan Prize in Arts and Sciences (Arts and Sciences Undergraduate Studies)
- Turow-Kinder Award for Fiction (English)
- Undergraduate Award in Analytical Chemistry (Chemistry)
- Undergraduate Film Studies Writing Award (Film Studies)
- University Scholarships (Admissions and Financial Aid)
- Valspar Award (Chemistry)
- Women's Studies Paper Prize (Women's Studies)
- Women's Studies Student Research Fund (Women's Studies)
Arts and Sciences Faculty
Arts and Sciences Faculty Directory
Declaring a Major
All students are required to complete a major or other upper-class option in addition to the skills and general education requirements. Students declare their major by filling out an Undergraduate Academic Program Change form available in the Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences Advising Center, 201 Thackeray Hall. Students normally declare their major during their fourth term of full-time study.


text:
Banana Split Cake
Total Time
Prep 20 mins
Cook 40 mins
One of the best cakes I've ever had. This one isn't made with graham crackers, but is actually a cake. It's not only wonderful tasting, but beautiful too!
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1 package yellow cake mix
- 1 package instant banana pudding mix
- 1 1⁄2 cups water
- 1⁄3 cup vegetable oil
- 3 eggs
- 1 (8 ounce) can crushed pineapple, drained
- 1 (8 ounce) container frozen whipped topping, thawed,divided
- 1 (10 ounce) package frozen strawberries, thawed,drained
- 1⁄4 cup hot fudge, warmed (see note)
- 14 maraschino cherries, with stems
- 2 tablespoons chopped walnuts
- Preheat oven to 350 degrees F.
- Coat two 8" cake pans with nonstick cooking spray.
- In a large bowl, with an electric beater on medium speed, beat the cake mix, pudding mix, water, oil and eggs until smooth.
- Stir in the pineapple then pour the batter into the cake pans, dividing equally.
- Bake for 35- 40 minutes, or until a wooden toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.
- Allow to cool for 15 minutes then invert onto wire racks to cool completely.
- In a small bowl, combine 3/4 cup whipped topping and the strawberries and mix well.
- Place one cake layer on a serving plate and frost the top with the strawberry mixture.
- Place the second layer over the first then frost the top and sides with the remaining whipped topping.
- Drizzle with hot fudge then place the cherries around the edges of the cake top and sprinkle evenly with the nuts.
- Serve immediately, or cover and chill until ready to serve.
- NOTE: Warm the hot fudge enough to make it pourable, but don't allow it to get too hot or it will melt the"frosting"!
Most Helpful
Incredible! I'm not a fan of artificial banana flavoring, but I added the banana pudding to the batter as directed, then added about 10oz of crushed pineapple and sliced strawberries to it before baking in a 9x13 dish instead of layering. After it cooled over night in the fridge I mixed more crushed pineapple into the cool whip frosting and then spread cut up strawberries, bananas, cherries with stems for presentation and chocolate syrup on top. Would have LOVED to add nuts, but I'm the only fan in my new
I didn't grow up in a cake family but I made this twice in one week (once for a trial run and then for Mother's Day, for which it was intended) IT...IS...AWESOME! It's easy and beautiful. I baked the cake and mixed the strawberries for the filling but did not put it together until I got to my destination. It is incredibly moist. Since the recipe didn't specify, I used the large size of banana pudding. I'm sure the small would work fine also but in my notes I put to use a large. It held up in the fridge, completely put together, for five days as I was the only one home at the time to devour it. I'm thinking of maybe mixing some shredded coconut in with the cool whip for the frosting part next time just to see. My brother was loved it but didn't think a double layer would work for an office party and I think just using a 9X13 would be fine, it just won't have the filling. After the cake is baked and cooled put the sliced strawberries over it and then frost with whipped cream then add the hot fudge, nuts and cherries. It won't be as impressive but for a guy thing I think it would be VERY impressive! And yummy.
A huge success! Everyone loved it!


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