text:
PPI in August 2007
September 19, 2007
The Producer Price Index for Finished Goods fell 1.4 percent in August, seasonally adjusted. This decrease followed a 0.6-percent increase in July and a 0.2-percent decline in June.
Accounting for most of the downturn in finished goods prices, the index for energy goods fell 6.6 percent in August following a 2.5-percent rise in the prior month. Gasoline prices dropped 13.8 percent following a 3.2-percent advance a month earlier.
The index for finished consumer foods fell 0.2 percent in August after edging down 0.1 percent in July.
The index for finished goods other than foods and energy climbed 0.2 percent in August after inching up 0.1 percent in July. In August, higher prices for pharmaceutical preparations, civilian aircraft, passenger cars, alcoholic beverages, and newspaper circulation more than offset lower prices for light motor trucks, electronic computers, heavy motor trucks, and floor coverings.
From August 2006 to August 2007, prices for finished goods rose 2.2 percent, as shown in the chart.
These data are from the BLS Producer Price Index program. To learn more, see "Producer Price Indexes — August 2007" (PDF) (TXT), news release USDL 07-1399. All producer price indexes are routinely subject to revision once, 4 months after original publication, to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, The Economics Daily, PPI in August 2007 on the Internet at https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2007/sept/wk3/art03.htm (visited January 22, 2017).
Recent editions of Spotlight on Statistics
Workplace injuries and illnesses and employer costs for workers' compensation
Workplace injury and illness data and the costs to employers for workers' compensation in natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.
A look at the future of the U.S. labor force to 2060
Projected long-term trends in the growth, size, and composition of the labor force.
Union membership in the United States
Historical trends in union membership among employed wage and salary workers; union membership by a variety of demographic characteristics.
A look at healthcare spending, employment, pay, benefits, and prices
Spending on healthcare, current and projected employment in the industry, employer-provided healthcare benefits, healthcare prices, and pay for workers in healthcare occupations.
Self-employment in the United States
Trends in self-employment by various demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, including both the unincorporated and the incorporated self-employed, as well as data on paid employees who work for the self-employed.


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Picturing Johnny Thorpe
An art show featuring the life of trapper and treasure-hunter, Johnny Thorpe (1933-2015), will take place on Saturday, July 9 at the Stony Creek Free Library from 4:30-7:30 p.m. A memorial gathering will precede the show from 3:00-4:30 at the Stony Creek Inn.
The art show will feature the photographic works of Thorpe's personal photographer, Sue Clark. Also on display will be many artifacts and pieces from Thorpe's personal collection.
Thorpe was well-known to generations of outdoor enthusiasts. He trapped and lived off the land. He was a staff writer for many national outdoor magazines. His articles first appeared in Fur, Fish, and Game in 1956, and continued to appear in magazines as he neared his 8th decade. He also was the first chainsaw carver in the Adirondacks. Many of his exquisite hand carved and stained totem poles can be found throughout the Adirondacks and other parts of the USA. "The Rifleman," Chuck Connors, was one of his customers.
Johnny was also a legendary treasure hunter, locating gold and other treasures from the caves in the Adirondacks to the Superstition Mountains of the Southwest. His legend only grows bigger since his passing, and many in the community have waited for this day to pay their respects to their beloved friend, Mr. Johnny Thorpe.
The show will feature the collective works of professional photographer, Sue Clark (SuePhotography.com), who specializes in rustic character portraits and western scenes that capture the simplistic beauty of real life. Her award-winning photographs have been featured in magazines, books, and galleries.
A feature black-and-white portrait of Thorpe will be raffled and proceeds will be donated to the Stony Creek Free Library.
The public is invited to attend this free event. Hors d'oeuvres, wine, amd refreshments are welcome! For more information, contact the Stony Creek Free Library at 696-5911.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
CDC — didn't get my CDC
7 Reviews
Jijinnyshekar on Apr 16, 2011
Respected Sir,
I hereby inform you that I am Jinny Shekar who have applied for Indian CDC(Electrical Officer).Already I have applied for two times, due to missing of equivalent certificate and Xerox copies are not attested properly it had returned to my home.But this time I have applied on 11/03/2011with equivalent certificate and Xerox copies are attested properly.Still I am not receiving my file no.So send it to this email id verysoon.Also I want to know about the status of my CDC.
Thank you.
Yours faithfully,
Jinny Shekar,
|6 Comments Updated:
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Kanyakumari District
Tamil Nadu
Category: Government Organizations
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text:
Are the prices at this restaurant mid-range / moderate?
Is this restaurant good for lunch?
Is this restaurant good for dinner?
Is this primarily a coffee shop?
Thanks for helping!
3 Days in Lisbon
Museum Guide for Lisbon
Lisbon Off the Beaten Path
Situated in a very quite street in Lapa district this is an excellent choice.Very good food and service with honest price.Tha wine list has good surprises.The decoration is cool and in the summer there are outside tables in a beautiful garden.
There's always part of me wonders if return visits promise much but deliver little. Well we were not disappointed on a Tuesday evening booking early in the new year. Apart from the fact we couldn't dine all fresco, it being winter, it was all stunning. Brilliant food, excellent service even though the outgoing American Ambassador was hosting a farewell do....
Went on a Friday for lunch. Lovely setting with beautiful tiled rooms. All in all very elegant. Relatively small lunch menu but everything we had was exceptional, Lovely couvert of exceptional breads, carrot and chorizo spread and corn foam soup sort of thing. Main courses were roast black pork with beans and a ground lamb dish with couscous, cauliflower and...
Another great restaurant hidden away in the side streets of Lisbon. A series of shabby chic rooms with lots of atmospher. The most interesting menu offered in our time in Lisbon . The food was uncomplicated nicely presented using seasonal local ingredients. Excellent friendly service.
Well I do have some constructive criticism him of this place, but if trip adviser reviewera are writing five star reviews for gelato and cookies, this place definitely deserves five stars!
This is an excellent romantic restaurant. We were greeted by a very positive and happy hostess, which is not necessarily the norm in Portugal as we are learning. With...
Came here on our first night of vacation in Lisbon and we were NOT disappointed! Chef/owner is fantastic and seen in the dining room consistently through the night. The eggplant app and recommended wine pairing, Thai salmon main dish, and sweet things dessert platter (which was made for the table!!!!) are all highly recommended. The chef brought out all wine/dessert...
So to start, we had a fantastic meal. The food and service were five star! Then you add the fact that we were eating with our four year old and that the staff were so hospitable and accepting of our son makes our experience so much more than fI've stars. We just want to say thank you to the staff...
Would recommend this place. It is absolutely reasonably priced and the food was very exotic and interesting.
Escaped from a conference evening to have dinner here with a friend having found it on tripadvisor. Slightly obscure residential location, amazing warm welcome, woth welcome glass of bubbles and going home ptesent of sardines (naturally), beautiful elegant rooms, stunning classy food and a wine list of beauty wonder and moderate price. I cannot wait to find an excuse to...
Thanks to its outstanding rating I went with a business friend on a whim on a Tuesday evening. From the moment we walked in we knew we had made a fabulous choice. The staff were very friendly walking us through the menu and firming up on choices of wine. The wine list had some fine choices at both ends of...
Own or manage this property? Claim your listing for free to respond to reviews, update your profile and much more.
hi. Do you do gluten free options in your menu?
Hi. Any chance of a menu in English please. Want to visit next month perhaps for dinner
Is there a dress code and are children permitted?
Can you handle a large group of 100-115 people for dinner on September 21st?
Does the restaurant serve cocktails or bear and wine only?
See all questions


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Check in from 12h / Check out prior to 12h
Ibis Styles Blois Centre Gare: Find photos, reviews, information, amenities and compare prices for 2 stars hotels in Blois, France.
Ibis Styles is situated amongst Blois's well-known attractions and landmarks, just a short stroll from Blois Railway Station. The various amenities this modern hotel features include a playground, meeting rooms and an express check-in and check-out feature.
Hotel description
The hotel has 54 rooms and has been recently refurbished. Corporate facilities include a business centre.
All the modern rooms at Ibis Styles Blois Centre Gare feature a flat-screen TV, a radio and a private bathroom. A shower, cable/satellite channels and a hair dryer are also provided.
Ibis Styles Blois Centre Gare serves breakfast daily, and there is a bar where guests can relax with a drink in the afternoon or in the evening. A variety of dining options are also available in the area.
Ibis Styles is under a 45-minute drive from Tours Val de Loire Airport and the Chateau de Blois is a short stroll away. The hotel's multilingual staff will make sure that every traveller has a comfortable visit.
Hotel features
Bar / Lounge, Air Conditioned, Cable / Satellite TV, Hair Dryer, TV, Shower, En suite, Private Bathroom
Business Center, Elevator / Lift, 24 Hour Reception, Multilingual Staff, Safe-Deposit Box, Wake-up Service, Meeting Rooms, Photocopier, Luggage Storage, Express Check-In/Check-Out
Availability and Prices
Booking Site
Room Type
Per room
Per night
Per night
Users who viewed Ibis Styles Blois Centre Gare also viewed these 2 stars Blois hotels:
Hotel Anne de Bretagne
31 Avenue du Dr Jean laigret, Blois
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Hotel Le Savoie
6-8 rue Ducoux, Blois
6-8 rue Ducoux, Blois
Hotel Balladins Blois Peage Express
7 Rue des Onze Arpents, Blois
7 Rue des Onze Arpents, Blois
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based on
654 reviews
Nearest hotels
- Hotel Le Savoie
203 m
- Hotel Saint Jacques
212 m
- Appart'City Blois
220 m


text:
The beaches of Sydney and NSW are world-renowned. And with good reason. Hundreds of pristine beaches adorn the 2,000km of coastline that winds along NSW's eastern shores, where the vast majority of the state's population resides, rests and plays. It's no surprise then that beach culture and NSW are intertwined. There's nothing more Aussie than a day at the beach.
Learning to surf is one of the most rewarding and enjoyable activities you can have in the waves, and Sydney, with more than 30 beaches, is the ideal place to give it a try. Learn to surf at iconic Bondi beach with Let's Go Surfing, or sign up for a surf camp and venture farther afield. Surf Camp Australia can teach you to surf at the gorgeous Seven Mile Beach on the NSW South Coast, or take you as far north as the stunning Byron Bay.
Many of Australia's beaches are patrolled by Surf Life Saving Australia, who mark the safest and patrolled part of the beach with red and yellow flags. If you find yourself needing help in the water, remember to stay calm and try to attract attention. You can check surf conditions and find out more at www.beachsafe.org.au.


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Students who live in this rental at 10710 NW 66th Street #409 attend the following Unified School District (Unified School District) public schools:
|School Level
|Primary School
|Dr. Rolando Espinosa K-8 Center
|Middle School
|Doral Middle School
|Middle School
|Dr. Rolando Espinosa K-8 Center
|High School
|Ronald W. Reagan/Doral Senior High School
|Area Type
|This listing is priced
|Zip Code
|the same as
|33178 Condos for Rent
|2% less than
|Doral Condos for Rent
|6% less than
|Miami-Dade Condos for Rent
|24% more than
|FL Condos for Rent
|Primary School
|4% more than
|Dr. Rolando Espinosa K-8 Center Condos for Rent
|Middle School
|2% less than
|Doral Middle School Condos for Rent
|High School
|2% less than
|Ronald W. Reagan/Doral Senior High School Condos for Rent
|Unified School District
|10% less than
|Dade School District Condos for Rent


text:
Retraining Fellowships - Various Locations, UK
- Employer
- Daphne Jackson Trust
- Location
- Various Locations, UK
- Salary
- Competitive Salary
- Posted
- Sep 21, 2016
- Closes
- Oct 31, 2016
- Discipline
- Chemistry, Life Sciences, Physics
- Result Type
- Jobs
- Position Type
- Postdoctoral Opportunities
- Hours
- Part Time
Retraining Fellowships
Daphne Jackson Fellowships enable talented women and men to return to the scientific research workforce after a career break of two or more years taken for family, caring or health reasons.
Left the lab but want to return?
Had to put your career on ice and looking for a way to restart it?
If so, the Daphne Jackson Trust may be able to help.
The Daphne Jackson Trust is the UK's leading organisation dedicated to realising the potential of scientists and engineers returning to research following a career break. We offer flexible, part-time fellowships in universities and research institutes in the United Kingdom.
Daphne Jackson Fellowships are unique - They offer STEM professionals wishing to return to a research career the opportunity to balance an individually tailored retraining programme with a challenging research project in a suitably supportive environment. The unparalleled support offered by the Trust's Fellowship Advisors and administrative staff, coupled with mentoring and retraining provided during the Fellowship, give returners the confidence and skills they need to successfully return to research.
To be eligible to apply for a Daphne Jackson Fellowship you need:
- a good first degree in a science, technology, engineering or mathematics subject
- a PhD qualification or proven experience in research prior to your career break (postdoctoral experience and publications are desirable)
- to have left research for family, caring or health reasons
- to have not held a paid research post for at least two continuous years at the time of application
We accept applications for Daphne Jackson Fellowships on a rolling basis. Find out more about the Trust, our fellowship scheme and download the CV and personal statement forms to apply by clicking on the 'Apply' button.
We also have open calls for applications in specific disciplines or geographic locations. We are currently seeking applications for:
- Babraham Institute sponsored Daphne Jackson Fellowship to undertake research on the cell or molecular biology of healthy ageing at the Babraham Research Campus, Cambridgeshire.
- Medical Research Scotland sponsored Daphne Jackson Fellowship to undertake research which aims to improve the understanding, diagnosis, treatment or prevention of human disease at any University or Research Institute in Scotland.
- University of the West of Scotland sponsored Daphne Jackson Fellowship to undertake physics research within the remit of the Institute of Thin Films, Sensors and Imaging.
For further information please contact the Trust office on 01483 689166 or via email email@example.com.


text:
Use Vicks vapour rub. Get the supermarket own brand usually 99p. A Dr friend told me, and it works. Put a bit on a cotton bud every night and rub into the nail.
I had 3 months off running April 2015 due to tear in groin during this time I had physio and sports therapy including massage. I tried to return to running very very slowly but hip kept collapsing on the side of the injury. I backed off again and kept up with physio exercises and added yoga. I started again on a jog/walk program with a mate who was there to hold my hand so to speak. I am now able to run without falling over. Although I still feel very very weak in my hip To the extent when I try to let go downhill I don't run properly I tend to hold back and stiffen up. It's starting to drive me nuts now. I feel like I can't run on my own like I used to. Has anybody else experienced anything like this? I was/am a decent runner.
I have been diagnosed with severe groin strain with no running for 12 weeks to let it heal properly. I've stupidly carried on running and made it worse. I've been told I can cycle and row to keep up my cardio, but can I jump rope or will this make it worse? I find skipping is a great workout for speed.
Visit the official Runner's World page
Follow Runner's World on Twitter
Click here
Other Natmag-Rodale Sites
Run For Charity
Injury Clinics
About Runner's World


text:
FirstLetter Walkthrough
Welcome to the walkthrough for the iOS game FirstLetter, if you are looking for ways to make it to the next level, and to improve gaming experience as a master player, you've come to the right place. Here you will find FirstLetter tips, tricks and guides, as well as the opportunity to share your own discoveries to help others move on and beat the game.
If you can't find the answer to your question you are welcome to post it in the comments section below. This way others who know the answer can help you by sharing their own tips and advices.
FirstLetter game app is developed by Itatakecom and available on iTunes and Google Play. For more details on the app, check out our review.
- App name: FirstLetter
- Seller: Itatakecom
- Category: Word
- Updated: Jun 16, 2015
FirstLetter Gameplay iOS/Android
Watch the latest gameplay video here!
Check out the best FirstLetter answers for all levels. We'll continue to update this list with the latest answers as new levels are released.
FirstLetter Answers
- Basic Game Guide Part One - iphone gameplay
Hit like if this helped you!
It's a work in progress. Until the Walkthrough is completed, please feel free to ask for help in the comments section.
Looking for a trick all your friends? Check out the FirstLetter cheats list to find collectibles guides, easter eggs and secrets.
Questions, Tips and Hints
Join Our Community!
Support your friends and play FirstLetter together!


text:
Benjamin HubbertShared publicly -
Fantastic facility.
Life Time Fitness
5639 Worth Pkwy, San Antonio, TX 78257
The price is a little steep at about $80/month, but the facility is out of a dream. There is everything a fitness aficionado could possibly ask for. I enjoy changing up my workout routine every 2 or 3 months and I never run out of equipment. The pools and spa areas are amazing. Restaurant is solid as well. If you are looking for an upper scale gym in San Antonio then look no further.
Quality Excellent
Add a comment...


text:
- Product Description
DetailsGarima Dhawan is an Indian Artist, based in the U.K, ex alumni of RISD (Rhode Island School of Design). Her explorations begins with collage and hand printed forms, inspired by music, nature, poetry, literature and spiritual teachings. These ideas then become the starting point of her art and textiles. She works with traditional printmaking techniques to explore the beauty of the hand made, and then digitally manipulates them using photoshop.
Rain 6 © Garima Dhawan 2016. Published by East End Prints
- Details & Dimensions
- W40 x L50cm.
Product Code: 362537
- Paper
- Delivery & Returns
Delivery & Returns
Delivery UK Mainland & Northern Ireland
Accessory orders over £50 = FREE
Standard service within 3 days = £4.95
FREE returns.
Delivery Republic of Ireland:
Standard Service = £12
FREE returns.
Click here to see more on our Delivery & Returns page.
- Care Instructions
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text:
Hundreds rally for Women's March in Marquette
NMU-OTS hosting camp
MARQUETTE – A two-week Greco-Roman Junior World Team wrestling camp is being held at the Northern Michigan University Olympic Training Site.
The camp started Monday and will conclude on Friday, Aug. 1.
NMU-OTS has two residents on the world team, Arthur Carmona and Alejandro Sancho. Both athletes made the team by winning their respective weight classes at the USA World Team Trials in Madison, Wisconsin, earlier this summer.
Carmona will compete at 55 kilograms and Sancho at 66kg.
After the camp, the world team will travel to Zagreb, Croatia, Aug. 5-6 for the FILA Junior World Championships.
NMU-OTS resident Greco-Roman wrestling coach Rob Hermann will coach the world team.
For more information on the NMU-OTS program, visit www.nmu.edu/ots, or call operations manager Michael Kaurala at 227-2893, or by email at email@example.com.


text:
Check in from 13h / Check out prior to 11h
Pumba Private Game Reserve: Find photos, reviews, information, amenities and compare prices for 5 stars hotels in Grahamstown, South Africa.
Boasting a swimming pool and a sauna, Pumba Private Game Reserve is situated in Grahamstown and provides comfortable accommodation. It also offers 24-hour room service, a beauty centre and meeting rooms.
Hotel description
This 5-star lodge provides a 24-hour reception, a concierge and babysitting/child services. There is an in-house day spa and a golf course.
Rooms at Pumba Private Game Reserve feature a spa bath and a coffee maker. All include a private bathroom, a mini bar and tea and coffee making facilities.
Pumba Private Game Reserve offers breakfast each morning that guests can enjoy before venturing out to explore the local area. For guests with day trips planned, the lodge provides packed lunches on request.
Hotel features
Room Service, Air Conditioned, Mini Bar, Coffee / Tea Maker, Hair Dryer, En suite, Private Bathroom
Concierge, 24 Hour Reception, Dry Cleaning, Babysitting / Child Services, Conference Room(s), Multilingual Staff, Safe-Deposit Box, Wake-up Service, Meeting Rooms, Laundry service, Shops, Designated Smoking Area, Self Laundry
Fitness Room/Gym, Swimming pool, Massage / Beauty Centre, Golf Course, Sauna, Bath / Hot Tub, Garden, Spa & Wellness Centre
High-speed Internet, Internet Connection (wireless)
Parking, Airport shuttle
Private Toilet, Packed Lunches, Souvenirs/Gift Shop
Availability and Prices
Booking Site
Room Type
Per room
Per night
Per night
Users who viewed Pumba Private Game Reserve also viewed these 5 stars Grahamstown hotels:
Shamwari Long Lee Manor Port Elizabeth
R 342, Grahamstown
R 342, Grahamstown
Kwandwe Private Game Reserve
Heatherton Towers, Fort Brown District W. Cape--Garden Route, Grahamstown
Heatherton Towers, Fort Brown District W. Cape--Garden Route, Grahamstown
Kichaka Private Game Lodge
Assegaai Bush, Grahamstown 6140, Grahamstown
Assegaai Bush, Grahamstown 6140, Grahamstown
Search hotels
based on
323 reviews
Nearest hotels
- Crown River Safari
7.9 km
- Coldsprings Lodge
8 km
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9.2 km


text:
Estée Lauder Pure Color Instant Intense Eye shadow Trio 2g
Item No.1230080667
Item No.1230080667
Air-light shadows illuminate with pure brilliance and instant color intensity. Total eye look trio highlights, defines and lines. Provides amplified colour with multi-metallic effects - from shimmer to high metallic brilliance. Lasts 10-hours. Apply dry, or wet to intensify. Sleek compact includes applicator and mirror.
Sunday to Friday - order by 9pm
Saturday - order by 6pm
Monday to Sunday - order by midnight
Orders over £20 - FREE
Orders under £20 - £2
Show full delivery details
Subject to exceptions, Debenhams is happy to exchange or refund your purchase within 28 days of delivery. Please check here for more details on our returns policy and exceptions.
Open a Debenhams Credit Card today and receive:
Please note: if the amount you pay on your card is less than £500 after the 10% discount is applied, the 0% interest offer will not be available.
Credit available from NewDay Ltd to over 18's only. *Terms &Conditions applyFind out more & apply now


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Bio and health informatics meets cloud : BioVLab as an example
© Chae et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013
Received: 24 May 2012
Accepted: 26 September 2012
Published: 4 February 2013
The exponential increase of genomic data brought by the advent of the next or the third generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and the dramatic drop in sequencing cost have driven biological and medical sciences to data-driven sciences. This revolutionary paradigm shift comes with challenges in terms of data transfer, storage, computation, and analysis of big bio/medical data. Cloud computing is a service model sharing a pool of configurable resources, which is a suitable workbench to address these challenges. From the medical or biological perspective, providing computing power and storage is the most attractive feature of cloud computing in handling the ever increasing biological data. As data increases in size, many research organizations start to experience the lack of computing power, which becomes a major hurdle in achieving research goals. In this paper, we review the features of publically available bio and health cloud systems in terms of graphical user interface, external data integration, security and extensibility of features. We then discuss about issues and limitations of current cloud systems and conclude with suggestion of a biological cloud environment concept, which can be defined as a total workbench environment assembling computational tools and databases for analyzing bio/medical big data in particular application domains.
KeywordsBioinformatics Cloud computing Big data Workflow User interface Data integration Analysis Security
High throughput, massive parallel sequencing technologies, called the next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, were first introduced in the late 1990s. The leap of sequencing technology by NGS dropped sequencing cost dramatically and caused the exponentially increasing volume of data. Comparing NGS to the traditional Sanger sequencing technology that was used for the first human genome project, a three billion dollar project over a span of 10 years, the cost and time for sequencing a single human genome has dropped by 3,000,000 and 3000 times respectively[1, 2]. As a result, the nucleotide sequence resource in the EMBL-Bank DB has approximately doubled over the past 5 years[3, 4]. The sequencing throughput rate has increased five fold per year, whereas computer performance generally follows the Moore's Law, doubling only every 18 or 24 months. Thus the gap between the production rate of sequencing data and computing power to process them is widening. On January 10, 2012, the Life Technologies company announced the Benchtop Ion Proton Sequencer[1] claiming the opening of the US $1000 human genome sequencing era. The new sequencing technology is not only affordable in price, but also allows human genome to be sequenced within a single day compared to weeks or months with conventional technologies. In addition, the Pacific Biosciences company recently announced new technology which can sequence DNA fragments of several thousand bps in length[2]. The higher multi fold coverage with longer sequences will make human genome sequencing much easier and the quality of the sequencing data is also expected to be more accurate. Thus, it is increasingly likely that biological sequence information is used for clinical applications with more confidence.
Importance of big and high quality data in bio/health informatics
The low cost, high quality sequencing data has begun to impact bio/medical research fields. Higher resolution of genomic information, acquired through the improved fold coverage, makes it possible to associate genomic features, such as single nucleotide polymorphism, gene copy number variations, genome re-arrangement, and gene fusion, with disease phenotypes. In addition, sequencing data makes it possible to measure epigenetic features within cells, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA. By measuring comprehensive epigenetic events in cells, it is now possible to understand how important genes, such as cancer suppressors and oncogenes, are activated or suppressed in cells. Thus we have an opportunity to not only measure disease susceptibility but also make prognostic measurements for treatment outcomes. However, each genetic and epigenetic event is measured independently, thus, to realize these possibilities, it is critical to integrate data of multiple types from genetic and epigenetic events and information systems along with powerful bioinformatics tools that should serve the research and clinical communities.
Challenges from biomedical big data and expensive computation
The two major challenges in terms of biological data analysis are how to obtain computation power and how to perform data analysis for the bio/medical big data. The increase in cost for analyzing large biomedical data has become a major bottleneck for initiating biological research projects, especially with the introduction of NGS technology that produces data multiple folds in size compared to conventional sequencing technologies. Since acquisition (or sequencing) of data is becoming easier, the trend is that biomedical researchers formulate complicated questions investigating relationship among genetic and epigenetic elements in multiple cells of different phenotypes. Comparing omics data from multiple cell lines will be a significant challenge since the computing power and information systems are barely handling omics data from a few cell lines. Bio/medical researchers are proactive in leveraging the sequencing data. According to a recent poll on biomedical research facilities, a significant number of research institutions are already performing multi-omics research projects and most of them are experiencing the capacity limit of their computing facilities. The current situation is "data acquisition is affordable but data analysis is not."
The need for computing capacity in the bio/medical applications varies dramatically for different stages. For example, processing a huge omics data or assembling short reads to reconstruct genome sequences requires a very big computing power with huge storage space. However, steps following these computationally expensive applications may not require as much computing power in the previous steps. It implies that the computing resources do not need to be maintained at the maximum capacity at all times, which makes use of public computing facilities highly desirable. Although there has been significant effort to provide high performance computing service to the public domain, e.g., the Grid projects, most of bio/medical researchers are not comfortable with such service due to technical issues and due to the lack of configurability of the computing systems. In addition to the computing power and storage space, there are significant number of computational tools and several thousands of biological databases. Thus collecting and configuring suitable tools and resources for certain research purposes is non-trivial job, even for bioinformatics experts.
Cloud computing as an emerging solution
As an affordable and efficient way to overcome the hurdles mentioned in the previous section, cloud computing is gaining attention. This is because a cloud delivers computing resources as service rather than a physical product. Softwares and shared resources are pre-installed and provided on the cloud for all users. Cloud is analogous to the Internet as it can be simply a space where information and resource is shared among users.
Cloud computing has been successful in delivering computing resource (e.g computation power, servers, storage, applications) in terms of three forms of services such as Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). Among cloud computing service models, the Virtual Machine (VM) type provided as IaaS is most suitable for biomedical data analyses since researchers are mostly looking for computation power to analyze their big data. With the IaaS model, users can easily configure computer systems with the computing power necessary to analyze the data. Thus users can enjoy computing power and storage on a "pay as you go" basis. However, IaaS model provides only computing machines, thus users need to configure softwares and databases that are necessary for data analysis. This is a significant barrier for bio/medical researchers. Thus some cloud service providers try to provide pre-installed packages including necessary tools and databases. For example, Amazon provides many genomic resources such as NCBI sequence data and the 1000 genome project data pre-installed and also provide APIs to the NCBI data sources. While this does not provide a total solution, users' burden to configure softwares and databases is certainly relieved. Alternatively, PaaS and SaaS can be more user friendly models. However, the field of bioinformatics changes very fast and PaaS and SaaS models have not been successful for bio/medical application since service providers need to constantly re-configure PaaS and SaaS based cloud systems. We will discuss the cloud service model issue later in depth. In addition to the service model issues, due to the nature of cloud computing being a third party service, cloud service is still being questioned for other issues such as security and system outage.
Advent of cloud systems for bio/medical informatics
The availability of high resolution, high throughput data from the NGS technologies has begun to transform conventional biological sciences to data-driven sciences. A number of very large scale science projects were launched to measure and accumulate data for genetic and epigenetic events, rather than starting from specific scientific questions. Examples of such projects include Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE)[5], modENCODE[6], The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)[7], and the 1000 Genome project[8]. From the deluge of the NGS data, analyzing and mining this big data is the key issue of the current research trend. Since only a handful of large research organizations can afford computer facility to utilize such data, many researchers have turned their attention to the potential benefits of cloud computing to handle biological data.
Many bio/medical cloud systems have emerged and some systems began to meet increased biological and computational needs. Most bio/medical cloud systems provide simple command-line execution of scripts or pipelines to the user. Although they are systems for elementary, a single task, they are well-suited for the IaaS concept of cloud computing as users can configure systems with the capacity to analyze the data. Some bio/medical cloud systems are more tightly coupled with cloud resources. Existing non-cloud applications have been redesigned to launch service on the cloud by utilizing features of cloud computing such as flexible resource allocation on demands, automatic system configuration, cost efficiency, and unlimited resources.
Recently bio/medical cloud services have begun evolving from simple and primitive applications to offering integrated and complex systems. This is because researchers have begun to formulate comprehensive scientific questions by utilizing data from various cellular events. This requires integration of various tools and biological databases. To keep pace with this trend, the cloud service providers have widely used computational tools and databases pre-installed and also provided libraries that can be used to access data from the source directly. Thus users have begun utilizing bioinformatics cloud service not only without worrying about the manual system installation and data integration processes, but also with reduced data uploading/transferring time.
Survey of current bio/medical cloud systems
In this section we survey current bio/medical cloud systems in terms of user interface (UI), extensibility and data integration.
Taverna[9] is a workflow management system that provides interoperability between cloud and various types of research projects in multiple disciplines, such as astronomy, bioinformatics, chemistry and music composition. Through the Taverna web portal, users can upload their input data to the cloud and invoke multiple computing units. While the analysis is being performed, the user can monitor the progress and when the analysis is complete, the web portal gets notifications. Taverna also allows the user to define how the data flows between services or pipelines by composing a graphical workflow diagram. This is done by drag and dropping resources from specific function blocks. Optionally, Taverna allows workflows to be composed and run by using a command interface. Once a workflow is composed, it can be shared with other researchers for collaboration. Since Taverna's usage is designed for multiple science disciplines, it is not tailored for biology applications and some biological tools may not be present, in which the user need to provide them. Nevertheless, in the bioinformatics community, many projects preferably used Taverna as the workflow supporting analysis tool.
FX[10] is another recently released cloud system that provides a user-friendly web-based interface to provide high usability of biological tools for users who are not familiar with softwares. Utilizing the cloud computing infrastructure, FX provides analysis tasks such as estimating gene expression level and genomic variant calling from the RNA-seq reads using transcriptome-based references. Based on the Amazon Web Service (AWS), it provides a web-based working environment where the user can upload data and configure analysis settings based on options that the system provides. The analysis steps are however not as flexibly arrangeable as the workflow composing systems, but may be set with specific parameters for each analysis task (e.g., hit count for SNP, INDEL or alignment options). Since it is designed for specific tasks, it doesn't require manual arrangement of function pipelines. Parameter settings and execution of the analysis are done by using a web-interface.
Systems such as Galaxy[11] are designed to provide complex multi-functioned open research frameworks. Galaxy offers generalized tools and libraries as analysis components. With a functional built-in workflow composer followed by fundamental editing tools, Galaxy allows users to construct user-defined pipelines. Galaxy also has its own visualization functionality that shows the progression of the workflow. Instead of fixed analysis tools and purpose, users may contribute additional tools (i.e., pipelines or function blocks) to the Tool Shed repository provided by Galaxy, extending the functionality of Galaxy. The Galaxy Tool Shed enables creating and sharing of Galaxy tools across the Galaxy community. Galaxy integrates multiple biological DBs, such as UCSC table data, BioMart Central, and modENCODE server.
Similarly SeqWare[12] is also a large biological workbench that provide an open workframe like Galaxy. In terms of extensibility, SeqWare supports the tool extension function, allowing users to write pipeline modules in Java. SeqWare provides four tools specifically designed to be compliant with massive parallel sequencing technologies (e.g., Illumina, ABI SOLiD, and 454), a web application (i.e., Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS)), pipelines for processing and annotating sequenced data, a query tool (SeqWare Query Engine), and a MetaDB that provides a common database to store the metadata used by all components. The SeqWare MetaDB imports data from other DBs and adds the metadata for further analysis. Hence, different DBs can be integrated and semi-unified to enable utilization of such data using different tools (or pipelines) provided by SeqWare, without worrying about data handling at each analysis step.
DNAnexus[13] like Galaxy supports data integration features in the system. DNAnexus is designed for the next generation sequencing data management, and it is also integrated with LIMS systems that can directly pass the experiment metadata to the system. One of the key benefits of integrating the external data with the system is that it supports automatic data conversion, which is then easily processed by various analysis tools. Research utilizing data from multiple sources often suffers from incompatible data formats and types. Manual data conversion for integrated analysis is not only a huge burden and a time consuming task but it also prevents automation of analysis tasks. Hence, data integration, along with data conversion, is an important feature of bio/medical cloud systems.
Another cloud based system, BioVLab[14, 15], is coupled with a graphical workflow composer called XBaya[16]. We review the BioVLab architecture later to provide detailed discussion on the design features and also to discuss the concept of the environment.
There are bio/medical cloud systems that serve as a virtual operating system with pre-installed packages and libraries required for analysis. CloVR[17] is a virtual machine with a specific purpose for analyzing biological data, such as large-scale on-demand BLAST searches, whole-genome assembly, gene finding and 16S ribosomal RNA sequence analysis. CloVR is implemented as a standalone workbench and an online application over the Internet. However, CloVR does not provide a good UI like workflow composers. Instead, CloVR provides command-line based automated analysis pipelines using pre-configured software packages for composing workflows. Such pre-configured software packages may be arranged in sequential or parallel manner as a workflow for analysis and it can be executed within a single virtual system. CloudBioLinux[18] is a Linux distribution with a pre-installed analysis packages and libraries available as an image loaded on the cloud. As an open source project, researchers and developers can extend the pool of libraries and packages.
We now survey cloud based systems that are designed for single or a few tasks rather than for providing analysis environments. Examples of systems of this type are CloudRSD, the cloud version of Roundup[19], CloudBurst[20], and Crossbow[21]. CloudRSD is a reciprocal smallest distance algorithm to compute orthologs using RSD on the cloud. It uses the maximum likelihood of the evolutionary distance to compute an ortholog score.
Cloudburst is a cloud version of RMAP, a well-known short-read alignment tool. It utilizes the MapReduce[22] framework, Hadoop[23], to map short reads to reference genomes in a parallel fashion utilizing the cloud environment. Cloudburst allows any number of mismatches or differences, and reports either all alignments or the best alignment for each read.
Crossbow is a package consisting of Bowtie[24], a fast and memory efficient read aligner, and SoapSNP[25], a consensus sequence builder and genotyper. It uses Amazon's Elastic MapReduce[26] for parallel computation. It is shown that Crossbow can analyze over 35 fold the coverage of human genome in three hours with a 320-core cluster on the Amazon cloud.
eCEO designed and implemented a Cloud-based Epistasis cOmputing (eCEO) model for large scale epistatic interaction in genome-wide association study (GWAS)[27]. GWAS study needs to consider a large number of combinations of SNPs, which requires huge computing power. The eCEO model has shown its power to compute GWAS in terms of phenotypes using cloud computing.
Comparison of bio/medical cloud systems
Cloud application
Graphical UI
External data integration
Cloud Usage
MyProxy, AWS Credential
Pre-built system
AWS Credential
Parallel processing
Cloud Bio Linux
AWS Credential
Pre-built system
Cloud RSD
AWS Credential
Parallel processing
CloVR portal
AWS Credential
Pre-built system
AWS Credential
Parallel processing
DNAnexus Web
Computing resource
Galaxy Web
AWS Credential
Tool Shed
Pre-built system
AWS Credential
Parallel processing
SeqWare Portal
Java Modules
Computing resource
Taverna Workbench
API consumer tool
Bio/medical cloud environment
In this section, we discuss design issues of bio/medical cloud systems and then introduce a concept of "cloud environment" for bio/medical applications.
Limitation of current bio/medical cloud systems
Although cloud-based bioinformatics systems are gaining attention, there are several important system design issues that should be resolved to be useful in practice. System usability is the main system design issue for bio/medical cloud systems. Although many cloud systems relieve users' burden for system configurations and try to improve system usability, it is still challenging to perform complicated analysis tasks by combining multiple tools and databases. Handling big input data is an open problem. Delivering analysis results (output from the analysis tasks) is also an open problem that needs to be studied extensively.
Another important issue comes from a plethora of bioinformatics resources and the breadth of the bio/medical fields. Since there are too many bioinformatics tools and databases, it is very difficult even for bioinformatics experts to identify which tools can be used for specific research or clinical purposes, locate, install, and assemble them. As of now, there is little effort to handle this situation. System extensibility is also an important issue. For example, consider a situation where a scientist believes that a new bioinformatics tool is most suitable for a scientific goal. How can she/he hook in the tool to existing bioinformatics cloud systems?
Some bioinformatics cloud systems are designed to address these issues and we will describe BioVLab systems that use a graphical workflow composer, as an example of systems whose design goals are to address these issues.
BioVLab: Virtual Collaborative Lab for Bio/medical Applications
BioVLab[28] is a computational infrastructure on the cloud, coupled with a graphical workflow composer. It is a three layer architecture where a graphical workflow composer and web browsers are used at the user front end, a cloud is used as a computing server, and all necessary controls are done at the gateway server at the middle layer. One important goal of the BioVLab infrastructure is to develop and implement a novel system design principle for genome analysis by utilizing the virtual collaborative lab, a suite of tools that give a team of scientists the ability to orchestrate a sequence of data analysis tasks using remote computing resources and data storage facilities "on-demand" from the scientists' desktop computers. The virtual lab also addresses how to dynamically configure a virtual system tailored to a specific research project by combining multiple computational tools and resources using the drag-and-drop workflow composer and genome data type. The system design principle is to provide a new, effective paradigm for small biology research labs to handle the ever-increasing amount of biological data. The current BioVLab uses Amazon EC2 and S3 as cloud computing and XBaya as a graphical workflow composer.
The three layer architecture in BioVLab
Bio/medical cloud environment with BioVLab
On top of the BioVLab infrastructure, several systems have been built and they are available for researchers. For a specific research task, all necessary tools and databases are pre-installed as a virtual machine image. The availability of such machine image removes the user's burden to collect and install resources and compose a workflow. In addition, the loaded biological big resources by the cloud vendors makes cloud-based systems easy to use. A workflow is pre-composed using the resources so that users do not have to survey, locate, install computational tools and databases. This way, a cloud environment for a specific science project is constructed and served to the public. Having the cloud environment for a specific science project, scientists can easily perform an analysis task by simply downloading a pre-composed workflow, creating an account on the Amazon cloud, and executing the workflow with the user's own data. This download-workflow-and-execute computing model is a very easy to use cloud service for a specific science project. In addition, an expert user can modify the pre-composed workflow using the Xbaya workflow composer. Biovlab handles the usability issue by providing the download-and-execute pre-composed workflow model and the extensibility issue by utilizing a workflow where the user can modify the pre-composed workflow using pre-collected resources.
Two systems, BioVLab-MMIA and BioVLab-mCpG, are developed using the BioVLab infrastructure.
MMIA (MicroRNA and MRNA Integrated Analysis)[29] is a web-based analysis tool for the integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression data. The complexity of the analysis comes from the fact that two different genetic elements are of different types and also from the fact that information about their relationship of microRNA's target genes are inaccurate. Since microRNA degrades their target genes, MMIA utilizes inversely correlated expression patterns between microRNA and mRNA (perfect seed-pairing between microRNA and mRNA is associated with mRNA destabilization) and reports the results of two computational analyses. Migrating the functionality of MMIA to BioVLab as a biological cloud environment was recently done. Based on the architecture of BioVLab, MMIA's analysis is performed over the cloud, which was formerly done locally or over a server. Expression data of microRNA and mRNA are uploaded to the cloud via the Amazon S3 Interface, which are analyzed and reported back to the user. The reference genome data, hg18, is pre-loaded on the cloud, which is downloaded from the UCSC genome browser. Once users have the input files on Amazon S3, access control for the Amazon S3 bucket (ACLs) is prepared for analysis execution. Parameter configuration, including workflows, for the analysis may be done via the web page generated by the Amazon S3 component for the specific user. The results are provided in the Amazon S3 buckets, which are accessible by clicking the View icon in the XBaya workflow or through the web browser. BioVLab-MMIA cloud is available as Amazon Machine Id: ami-957291fc.
BioVLab-mCpG[30] performs integrated analyses of DNA methylation, sequence variation, and gene expression for phenotypically distinct cell lines. Methylation profiling of genomes and sequence variation detection (i.e., SNPs) on a genome scale can be routinely done using next generation sequencing and microarray technologies. An integrated analysis of global methylation, SNPs, and gene expression profiles would have the potential to reveal biological relationships between altered cytosine methylation, sequence variations, and mRNA levels. In BioVLab-mCpG, pre-composed workflows for the integrated analysis are performed, beginning with differentially expressed genes, differentially methylated regions, and information theoretic-integrated analysis of DNA methylation and sequence variation data. Furthermore, the integrated analysis can be performed using input gene sets for specific biological pathways of interest. BioVLab-mCpG is implemented using R, Perl, and Python programming languages and utilizes Samtools[31], the MACS peak finding package[32], and the Bioconductor package[33]. By deploying the package on the Amazon EC2 Cloud Computing as an Amazon machine image, users can simply use the image to perform the integrated analysis, thereby ensuring that the integrated analysis package is readily available to the entire research community.
Standardization and security
In addition to cloud features that we have discussed so far, there are remaining important issues for bio/medical cloud systems, such as standardization and security. Without resolving these issues, many companies and research facilities can hardly use cloud systems even if cloud systems become powerful enough to handle bio/medical big data. Standardization of tools and data formats is required for massive and parallel analysis of bio/medical bio data. Otherwise analysis tasks of multiple types can be hardly composed and performed by mundane users.
Security is the most sensitive issue since biomedical data has personal information that has legal and ethical repercussions. Because a cloud system is a third-party service provider, users may not be comfortable allowing expensive pre-analyzed and personal data stored in cloud systems. Appropriate authentication for the entire analysis process, while providing automatic execution of multi-step analysis tasks, is very important. BioVLab uses MyProxy from the TeraGrid project for authentication. However, this is still primitive. Recently there has been interesting approach that uses a novel hybrid MapReduce on the private and public cloud[34] by partitioning genome sequence data on the public and private spaces where computationally intensive tasks are performed on the public cloud using encrypted data and computation with sensitive data is performed on the private cloud utilizing computational results on the public cloud.
We believe that there will be more interesting approaches for standardization and security issues on the cloud.
The analysis of big data in the bio and medical fields requires very big computing power and many research facilities and clinics are unable to afford such computing facilities. Thus cloud computing has gained great interest in the bio and medical fields to analyze big data and a growing number of bioinformatics cloud systems have been developed. In this paper we surveyed current bioinformatics cloud systems and discussed design issues. To handle big data of multiple types, analysis tasks require use of appropriate tools and databases from a vast number of tools and databases. Thus simply using cloud computing does not resolve the issue of big data analysis in the bio and medical fields. We discussed this issue by introducing a concept of cloud environment for specific scientific research goals.
Authors' information
Chae, H. is a Ph.D candidate in Computer Science Department, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University at Bloomington (IUB). After receiving his M.S. degree in Computer Science in 2007 from IUB, his research interest has lain mainly in Systems in Bioinformatics. He recently joined Bioinformatics Institute in Seoul National University (SNU) as a researcher and working in development of cloud-based biological systems.
Jung, I. received his M.S. degree from the Department of Computer Science at Yonsei University in 2007 with a major interest in sensor networks. He has been with LG Electronics as a research engineer for 4G LTE and WiMAX standards. He know has interest in bioinformatic technologies and is currently researching at the Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics in Seoul National University.
Hyungro Lee received BSc degree from the Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea, in 2007 and MSc degree from the Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, in 2010. Since September of 2010, he is following a doctoral track in Computer Science at Indiana University Bloomington and he is working as a researcher of the FutureGrid project, an NSF funded significant new experimental computing grid and cloud test-bed to the research community, together with user supports. His research interests are parallel and distributed systems, and cloud computing.
Suresh Marru (http://people.apache.org/~smarru/) directs the Science Gateways program within the NSF funded Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE). In this role he is responsible for specialized scientific community interfaces to large scale cyberinfrastructure. Marru is also the principal research systems architect within Pervasive Technology Institute of Indiana University and is a founding member of the Apache Airavata project management committee. Marru's current research focuses on working alongside multidisciplinary experts in the field of eScience to developed open community driven web and service-based scientific workflow and gateway systems for individual research, collaboration, outreach, and cross-disciplinary collaboration. These systems assist scientists to focus on their research without the need to be distracted my emerging information technology and cyberinfrastructure.
Seong-Whan Lee is the Hyundai-Kia Motor Chair Professor at Korea University, where he is the head of the Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering and the director of the Institute for Brain and Cognitive Engineering. He received the B.S. degree in computer science and statistics from Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, in 1984, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in computer science from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology in 1986 and 1989, respectively. His research interests include pattern recognition, computer vision, and brain engineering. He has more than 250 publications in international journals and conference proceedings, and authored 10 books.
Sun Kim is an associate professor at Seoul National University and director of Bioinformatics Institute in Seoul National University (SNU). Before joining SNU, he was Chair of Faculty Division-C, Director of Center for Bioinformatics Research, an Associate Professor in School of Informatics and Computing, an Adjunct Associate Professor of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Medical Sciences Program at Indiana University (IU) - Bloomington. Prior to IU, he worked at DuPont Central Research from 1998 to 2001, and at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign from 1997 to 1998. Sun Kim received B.S and M.S and Ph.D in Computer Science from Seoul National University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), and the University of Iowa respectively. He is on the board of directors for ACM SIG Bioinformatics, vice chair for education at IEEE Technical Committee on Computational Life Sciences (TCCLS), co-editor for International Journal of Data Mining and Bioinformatics, and co-organizing many scientific meetings including ACM Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, and Biomedicine 2011, IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM) 2008 and 2009.
This work was supported by the new faculty research support grant from Seoul National University (SNU). Thank you to all members in the Bio and Health Informatics lab at SNU for their great support.
This work was also supported by the World Class University Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology, under Grant R31-10008 and Next-Generation Information Computing Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (No.2012M3C4A7033341).
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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User talk:Mojo Hand
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Hello, and thank your for sharing your files with Commons. There seems to be a problem regarding the description and/or licensing of this particular file. Please remember that all uploads require source, author and license information. Could you please resolve these problems, which are described on the page linked in above? Thank you. --Siebrand 03:10, 8 August 2007 (UTC)
Image:Sandcastle at Neptune Festival.jpg[edit]
Sorry, but I had to speedy delete this photo. It infringes the sculpter's copyright (It was taken in the USA, so no Freedom of panorama). Generally, photos of sculpture, unless very old or you have formal permission from the copyright owner, aren't permitted here - sorry. --MichaelMaggs 10:36, 2 December 2007 (UTC)
Mystery Marshall Faulk[edit]
Looking at the image again, I think you're right, and I have no idea how I came to the conclusion that the person was Marshall Faulk. I think I was just uploading a bunch of NFL-related pics at the time and every person looked like an NFL player. I'll replace it with a renamed version of the image, but thanks for bringing it to my attention. --Ytoyoda (talk) 23:35, 16 June 2010 (UTC)


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You On Demand (YOD) had 2013 revenue of $309K (up from an adjusted $5K a year ago), a net loss of $8.2M, and EPS of -$0.54 (-$0.89 from continuing operations).
Excluding You's discontinued Shandong Media unit, opex fell 22% Y/Y to $9.4M. With cost of revenue totaling $3.1M, the company had a gross loss of $2.8M.
You ended 2013 with $3.8M in cash/equivalents on its balance sheet, and $5M worth of convertible promissory notes.


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Aggressive Mickey Mouse - level 3
16-09-2014 15:00
What happens when Mickey Mouse, SpongeBob SquarePants and a few of their friends get a bit of road rage? Well, unfortunately for one man, it wasn't a happy ending.
Yes, that's right men dressed as the loveable cartoons showed off a darker side when they beat up a motorist who cut up their minibus in the middle of the road.
The bizarre road rage incident which was caught on a Russian dashboard camera has instantly gone viral since it was posted online earlier this week.
Difficult words: rage (violent anger), loveable (cute), cut up (to overtake somebody and pull in too closely in front of them), dashboard (flat area in front of the driver), bizarre (strange), viral (very popular on the internet).
Source: www.ondemandnews.com
People who filmed the incident can be heard laughing in the video. Do you think it was funny?
How to improve your English with News in Levels:


text:
- 4-Week # shares sold: 1,738
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Cramer shares his views on the agriculture cycle and takes a look at the disaster that is retail right now.
Jim Cramer says he's focusing on health-care companies that will break news that moves stocks.
The companies that kept working and buying back stock on the cheap are having their day.
Jim Cramer calls Monsanto a takeover target and says AGCO is the buyer.


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The Guardians of the Galaxy Drax the Destroyer Dagger includes one blow molded weapon. This is an officially licensed Marvel product. Read More
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Check in from 14h / Check out prior to 11h
Rodeway Inn Oakley: Find photos, reviews, information, amenities and compare prices for 2 stars hotels in Oakley, United States.
Rodeway Inn Oakley is situated in Oakley and is close to the area's popular attractions. It also offers parking and a laundry service.
Hotel description
Rodeway Inn features rooms equipped with a refrigerator.
Guests of at the hotel are served a satisfying breakfast every day.
Rodeway Inn Oakley provides easy access to the Fick Fossil and History Museum. Those wishing to explore the region can also visit Colby, situated an easy car ride from the property.
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Forum > Bodywork interior and paint
Soda Blasting-Good or Bad?
<< < (2/2)
Would it be better to hold paint? Does it hurt the chrome or class?
I have heard alot of pros and cons, but I truley believe it is the prep you do prior to painting that matter when it comes to the pain sticking. I snad plasted mine even after a lot of people said NOOOOOOOOO. no damage was done at all. I did have to rip everything out of my interior to get all the beads out but I knew I had to replace my carpet.
I would say if you could do it it is the best way to get rid of the old paint, and then start your prep, you will be fine
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floating divs upwards
# February 15, 2013 at 9:03 am
Hello, i need a bit of assistance with this problem.
I'm creating a jquery module which stacks divs on top of eachother.
I'm appending divs with a dynamic height and width.
They get a float:left which makes them appear next to eachother untill the max-width is reached and it continues on the next line below.
Is it in anyway possible to "reverse" the process of the floats entering a line below the original line, and make a new line above the original instead of below?
In short the question is: is it possible to make divs (or other block elements) float "upwards" instead of the standard browser order?
As shown in the codepen below, the .box is continued on the line below, what i want is to float it to top.
http://cdpn.io/cdHFA# February 15, 2013 at 9:17 am
Not entirely sure what you mean, but it might be something like this….? http://hugogiraudel.com/blog/float-down# February 15, 2013 at 9:45 am
Cheers for the quick answers!
its in the right direction. I want to achieve something similiar.
Made a quick mock-up what i want to achieve:# February 15, 2013 at 10:10 am
I'm not quite there…but I'm closing in on it.: http://codepen.io/Paulie-D/pen/jLxBF# February 15, 2013 at 10:41 am
>Adding a float:right to the .left instead of a float:none makes it work!
Not quite. Your ideal answer is to have blocks 1 – 5 all on the bottom (reading ltr) with blocks 6 – 9 on top (also ltr) with a 'blank' space for block 10 to fit in.
At the moment, that's not happening. Blocks 6 – 9 are reading rtl. Maybe you could re-order these with jQuery but frankly, I very much doubt if this is been possible in a practical way.
Certainly, the height of each div would have to be fixed although the width could be variable (subject to jQuery).# February 15, 2013 at 11:41 am
The problem I see with @paulie_d's solution is it doesn't suit DOM's order. I guess you want items from 1 to 10 in the DOM, but with your desired layout thanks to CSS.
As @senff said, I wrote something about a pretty similar demand a few weeks ago. I'll have a look at your problem, I am pretty sure there is a "easy" solution.
Edit @ravr: this works http://codepen.io/HugoGiraudel/pen/35583b6237019a3a3a73fa8c484f465f.
Edit: I think I already figured out the Sass mixin to handle this for any number of rows. If you want, I could write it down.# February 15, 2013 at 12:36 pm
Another version, more complicated but probably worth sharing: http://codepen.io/HugoGiraudel/pen/cbaae4a31389cce1d1084e88d8e08f9a.
Not very maintainable though.
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Twinings, Christmas Tea, Premium Black Tea, 20 Tea Bags, 1.41 oz (40 g)
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Expiration Date:?May 2019Expiration Date
The length of time for the expiration date or "best used before" date depends on the type of product, as well as the brand.
Perishable items (such as flax oils or certain probiotics) generally have shorter expiration dates. Although our warehouse is fully air-conditioned, these more fragile items are put in cold storage (freezer or refrigeration unit) for maximum freshness.
Our receiving department does its best to verify and then enter the correct expiration dates for all incoming products. However, discrepancies do occur from time to time. This being said, the exceptionally high turnover at iHerb ensures that our inventory is among the freshest in the industry.
Shipping Weight:?0.45 lbs (0.2 kg)Shipping WeightThe Shipping Weight includes the product, protective packaging material and the actual shipping box. In addition, the Shipping Weight may be adjusted for the Dimensional Weight (e.g. length, width & height) of a package. It is important to note that certain types of products (e.g. glass containers, liquids, fragile, refrigerated or ice packed) will often require protective packaging material. As such, these products will reflect a higher Shipping Weight compared to the unprotected product.
- Product Code: TWN-23077
- UPC Code: 070177230777
- Package Quantity: 20 Tea Bags, 1.41 oz (40 g)
- Dimensions: 5.1 x 3.2 x 2.8 in, 0.2 lbs (0.09 kg)
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- Estd. 1706
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Fine black tea perfectly balanced with the traditional holiday spiced flavors of cinnamon and cloves.
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For over 300 years, Twinings has been sourcing and blending the finest, high-quality teas from around the globe to ensure that your tea has the perfect balance of tea taste, flavor and aroma. Twinings blends to perfection the finest black teas with just the right amount of flavor to give you a line of great-tasting premium black teas with an enticing flavor, fresh taste and invigorating aroma.
The Twinings Story
In 1706 Thomas Twining began selling fine tea from an English storefront in The Strand, London. Today, Twinings still sells some of the world's best teas from the original store and in more than 100 countries throughout the world.
Suggested Use
Brewing Suggestions
Hot Tea: Pour freshly boiled water over tea bag and allow to brew for 3-5 minutes depending on desired strength. Enjoy sweetened or plain, with or without milk—the choice is yours.
Black tea, artificial flavorings.
It tastes very different but in a good way!
Verified Purchase
It tastes very different but in a good way!
Don't like it
Verified Purchase
Don't like it
Had an odd taste that I don't like. Tried one, can't drink the rest.
Wow! What a great cup of tea!
Posted by 5135022242885967856 on Jan 14, 2017
This Christmas tea is just what I've been looking for! The intricate blend of black tea and spices is so satisfying. I will definitely be ordering more!
Smells like Christmas!
Posted by 5614205610076324691 on Dec 18, 2016
Beware it has caffeine but it's delightful.
Love this Christmas taste!
Posted by 5275592479105129619 on Dec 14, 2016
This taste is so familiar to me at Christmas... orange and spices. There's not as much tea in each bag as I might like, but it's good value for the price. I wish I could order more, but it's out of stock!!
Thank you!
Posted by 4716729437648555610 on Dec 14, 2016
We couldn't find this on the store shelves this year and very much appreciate that we found iHerb. Thank you!
Posted by 4953845431054425394 on Nov 24, 2016
christmas in a tea cup :)


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tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3766428.post-50922505840191916872014-01-15T01:00:00.000Z2014-01-15T18:43:21.489ZStroudley WalkI didn't move to Bow for the shopping. My local retail hub is Bromley High Street, that's Bromley-by-Bow, not the economically more important centre in SE London. Bromley High Street used to be busy, say 100 years ago, with a thriving collection of shops based around a cobbled triangle. A florist, a tobacconist, a greengrocer, a baker, a hairdresser, a toy dealer, a bootmaker, a laundresss, an undertaker, an umbrella maker and a draper, all these plied their trades alongside Henry Tovey's coffee rooms, Simon Samuels' fried fish shop and John Felton's diner. They're long gone, of course, and so is almost everything that used to be here. The Rose and Crown pub held out until 2006, and still stands only because it's a Grade II listed building. Everything else was demolished after the war, some time after I'd say, and replaced by something aspirational but hideous.

The planners must have had high hopes for Stroudley Walk. The centrepiece of a new estate, they planned for two arcades of shops as well as a central market. The feature colour was brown, mostly brown brick, with the new shops shielded behind rows of thick brick arches. Were this anywhere posh you might be able to call them arcades, but these are merely dingy shields, making it harder than necessary to read the names of the shops behind. On top they built flats, again mostly brown, and fairly utilitarian. And outside they left a windswept brown space, a pedestrian zone far wider than necessary, plus a substantial dedicated area for the creation of a market. If that ever materialised it's long gone now, with metal studs in the tarmac all that remains to delineate an absence of stalls. Only one stallholder ever turns up these days, selling scant fruit and veg beneath an awning opposite the Post Office. As postwar regeneration projects go, it's fairly disastrous. [8 photos]

A separate row of shops grew up below the tower block, Warren House, this built on the site of Bromley's former police station. Outside the dry cleaners there used to be a drinking fountain and a water trough, and if you go back to the 1700s a pillory and the village bowling green! But any sense of community focus is long gone now. Nobody hangs around Stroudley Walk unless they need to, or they're selling something, or they're propped up with a can of cheap alcohol near the bookies. Most walk straight through on their way to somewhere else, like Bow Road at the end of the street, or their home in one of the ex council flats hereabouts. Blokes with staffies in tow, kids in ribbed black anoraks riding bikes, elderly gentlemen with sticks, faceless ladies, and of course me, because they're my local shops too.

Stroudley Walk - Traders' Directory

2-4 Post Office This is a hideous building, quite the shabbiest Post Office I've ever had to queue in. The feature colour is 1970s brown, and the interior feels like some kind of bunker in a youth centre. It is of course fantastic for Bromley-by-Bow that this service exists, both for the boost its presence brings to local traders and for the free cashpoint, but less great that there are imminent plans to relocate to back of the Nisa supermarket on Bow Road.
6 Bow Fish and Chips I used to pop in here every fortnight or so for wrapped fish and fried potato doused in vinegar substitute, yum, but I gave up a few years back, partly because of my diet but mostly because I was no longer convinced I was eating cod.
8 RSA Cash & Carry This used to be the Rose and Crown pub. Not so many Bromley-by-Bow people drink any more, but they can now buy gizzard, breeder, hen and sheep on the premises.
10-12 Fahima Grocers Halal meat and fish, sure, but also useful stuff in tins.

16 Ladbrokes At the heart of any down at heel neighbourhood there's a betting shop, this one often with an inebriate band of punters gathered outside to merry the day away.
18 Bow Pharmacy I'm in here regularly to pick up my prescriptions. I'm invariably the only customer wearing cufflinks. I'll not hear a word said against the place.
20 Quix Newsagents Rebranded as a "Best-One", according to the temporary banner outside, but that's been there for a while and no imminent upgrade of facilities is apparent. Photocopier Service available. Currently selling Weetabix for 89p, if you're quick.
22 Local People Local Jobs Until fairly recently this was a health clinic, but now it's a community job centre run by my local doctor's surgery. Because E3 needs places to help you with your CV more than it needs wellness technicians.
24 Bromley Furniture IKEA this ain't, but if you need a chair for your bedsit or a bit of carpet or a chipboard occasional table then the bloke sat right at the back would love to see a customer.
26 Ahmeds Bakers Delight There may be two apostrophes missing but this corner shop sells a decent range of home baked treats, and bread, and Halal stuff, and there's a chiller full of Snapple at the back.

[Here be the utterly empty market stall expanse]

30 Bow Tandoori It won't be appearing in Time Out any time soon, but every parade needs an Indian takeaway, and this is ours.
32-40 Stroudley Walk Health Centre This community health hub is a relatively recent initiative, open for clinics and advice for 12 hours every weekday plus a bit of Saturday, and is probably where local residents should be going rather than turning up at A&E with a sniffle.

31 Streets of Growth "A social enterprise charity specialising in engaging youth and young adults away from educational and career drop-out, postcode territorialism, group/gang violence, criminality, drugs, and associated behaviours leading to harm, poverty, neighbourhood dysfunction and dependency." You'd never have guessed that from the title.
33 Perfect Fried Chicken It's not, I bet, but I've never risked it.
35 Empty, awaiting some social entrepreneur to come along and make their mark (if you're interested?)
37 Choice Accessories A beacon of light in the dark parade, selling tins and tubs and toys and toasters and toilet rolls to a local clientele who very much appreciate the bargain basement prices.
39 MA Halal Cash and Carry Stroudley Walk no longer has a supermarket as such, but here's another grocery outlet selling bags of rice rather than baked beans, and not yet put out of business by the Tesco Superstore across the A12.
And yes, there are of course plans to redevelop Stroudley Walk, how could there not be? All the premises from 2 to 26 will survive, but the two southern blocks will be demolished to be replaced by flats. The space where the market stall was supposed to go becomes flats too, which would be an eminently more sensible use of space, as does some of the patch of grass opposite. Tenants in Warren House would be moved out so that their tower block could be replaced by something newer and taller, and the retail units out front would be replaced. Anywhere else this might worry me, but the redevelopment body here are Poplar HARCA, the local Housing and Regeneration Community Association, and they have a fairly good record on these things. Plus nothing's happened yet. Plus, quite frankly, Stroudley Walk could do with a decent masterplan after the brown brick mess imposed by well-meaning architects fifty years ago. Just, please, nothing so brilliant that all the rest of London wants to move in.diamond email@example.com


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text:
Peanut butter and Pickle sandwich
2 slices bread
peanut butter, to taste
1 pickle (sliced thin, long ways)
1. Spread peanut butter on vegan bread.
2. Place sliced pickles on vegan bread.
I have been eating something like this and everyone thinks Im crazy! I toast Ezekial (spelling?) bread till nice and crunchy then spread the PB and layer the pickles on top. Declicious snack if your in the mood for something warm. ;D
I agree it doesn't sound good, but I gave it a try and I actually like it. i don't think its to die for but its good enough to take to work on days I don't get a lunch break, thank you.
once on a dare, i ate a sandwich with peanut butter, strawberry jam, mustard, and pickles. it sounded completely and utterly disgusting but it was actually pretty good! thanks to all of your convincing, i tried this and it was pretty yummy! not one of my favourites, but still pretty good.
Omygosh! I used to make these all the time when I was reading Sue Grafton's alphabet mysteries. Her main character's favorite snack was a PB and pickle sandwich. I used the sweet bread and butter pickles instead of dill. SO YUMMY! I think I'll make this tomorrow for lunch. :)
After reading this recipe and about 4 comments, I immediately got up, went to the kitchen and made one. I already had 2 sliced of whole grain bread today, so I made it open-faced on a rice cake. YUMMMMM!!! As I ate it, I read the rest of the comments. Now I am officially a PB and Pickle addict!
WOW! I had no idea that anyone else ate these. My Mom would make them for me when I was a kid and I passed this on to my daughter. I always thought it was something she came up with when she was in college(1960-1964 if you get the implication).
Some other variations are with chips inside the sandwich or open on an english muffin or bagel
By the way, always make sure to toast your bread.


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I did it nursing grad 2013!!
5 So excited to be done with school. my Graduation was July 29th 2013 now It's time to get ready for nclex!! That's all I'm just excited and wanted to share!Jul 1, '13 by IdlovetobeanurseCongratulations!!!Jul 2, '13 by LadyFree28, BSN, RNCongrats!!! ...and WELCOME!!! !!Jul 2, '13 by LoriBSN2b, ADN, RNThat's awesome! Good luck on the nclex!Jul 2, '13 by dfreitas83LVN I had to start somewhere lol. Next will be RNJul 2, '13 by dfreitas83Oh and at Carrington College CaJul 3, '13 by Twinkle007, CNA, LVNomg , what a nice cap ! congrats !!Jul 3, '13 by bethm214You were so excited you posted July instead of June....congrats and good luck. Go get that RN ASAP. Don't stop. You are in the groove!Jul 9, '13 by dfreitas83Lol that's just like me to put July instead of June he he he thanks for the heads upJul 9, '13 by ASPIRING2BGREAT, LPNCongrats, you did it!
Wishing you the best in all you do!
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Find out who this week's guests are on "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon" and "Late Night with Seth Meyers." »
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Host Jimmy Fallon hands out special accolades to Atlanta Falcons and Green Bay Packers NFL players competing in the NFC Championship. »
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Host Seth Meyers dives into President-elect Donald Trump and his plan — or lack there of — for replacing the "horrible" Affordable Care Act. »
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