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Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
On-line version ISSN 2411-9717
Print version ISSN 0038-223X
J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall. vol.112 n.4 Johannesburg Apr. 2012
Precipitation of rhodium from a copper sulphate leach solution in the selenium/tellurium removal section of a base metal refinery
C. LotteringI; J.J. EksteenII; N. SteenekamptII
IDepartment of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
IILonmin, Western Platinum, Process Division, Marikana, South Africa
Copper sulphate solutions are produced during the pressure leaching of first-stage leach residue in a typical base metal refinery process. Apart from impurities such as selenium and tellurium, this leach solution also contains other precious metals (Rh, Ru, and Ir) due to dissolution in the pressure leaching stage. Selenium and tellurium are removed from the leach solution by precipitation with sulphurous acid, since these elements negatively affect electrowinning. This study investigates the feasibility of modifying the Se/Te precipitation process step to achieve significant rhodium precipitation in addition to selenium and tellurium precipitation, in order to reduce the rhodium inventory of the process.
Thiourea, SO2, formaldehyde, formic acid, and sodium thiosulphate were evaluated to determine which of these reagents would achieve the highest Rh precipitation. Based on these screening tests, SO2 and thiourea were selected to be used as precipitation reagents in optimization tests. During these optimization tests, the operating temperature (80 to 150°C) and the amount of reagent added (80 to 140 per cent excess) were varied to evaluate the effects that these operating conditions have on the precipitation behaviour of Rh as well as Se, Te, Cu, and Ni, and to propose appropriate operating conditions.
It was found that thiourea resulted in good Rh and Se precipitation (typically in excess of 90 per cent), but precipitated noticeably more copper and nickel from the solution than when SO2 was used. In addition, thiourea had poor Te removal characteristics. SO2 achieved a maximum of 70 per cent precipitation of the rhodium. Faster kinetics and a larger extent of Te precipitation were, however, observed when using SO2 compared to thiourea.
Keywords: rhodium, copper, selenium, tellurium, iron, base metal, thiourea, sulphur dioxide, precipitation, ionic, co-precipitation, cationic substitution, cementation.
Platinum group metals (PGMs) typically occur in ore deposits containing noticeable amounts of base metals. As a result, the concentration and refining process usually includes a base metal refinery (BMR) where the base metals and PGMs are separated via a number of pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processing steps. More specifically, the hydrometallurgical process route often entails various stages of leaching to dissolve primarily base metals from the converter matte. It has, however, been noted that a significant amount of the other precious metals (OPMs, which include Rh, Ru, and Ir) also dissolves in these leaching stages, yielding a pregnant base metal leach solution containing small quantities of OPMs (Dorfling et al., 2011). In addition to the OPMs, the pregnant leach solution also contains trace amounts of impurities such as selenium and tellurium. Before final processing of the leach solution can take place to produce the base metals, selenium and tellurium must be removed to prevent undesirable effects in downstream processes, particularly electrowinning. Currently, Se and Te are removed by means of precipitation with sulphurous acid.After selenium/tellurium removal, the solution is sent for further processing in order to recover base metals. A large OPM inventory (and potentially OPM losses) results if the leach solution from which the base metals have been removed is recycled to the leaching stages. It is thus in the interest of companies producing PGMs to investigate methods to remove OPMs from the pregnant base metal leach solution prior to base metal recovery.
It has been observed that approximately 20 per cent of the rhodium in solution is unintentionally precipitated in the Se/Te precipitation stage. This method was therefore examined as a possible means of removing larger amounts (in excess of 90 per cent) of the rhodium from solution by adjusting the operating conditions to obtain optimum rhodium precipitation. Previous research by McGeorge et al. (2009) suggested that Rh precipitation would be possible under the correct operating conditions and with the use of an appropriate reagent.
The main objectives of the project were to determine which reagent would yield the best rhodium precipitation from the copper sulphate leach solution, and to determine the effect that temperature and the amount of reagent addition would have on the precipitation behaviour, in order to propose operating conditions that would result in the desired precipitation efficiencies.
Literature review
General base metal refinery process
Figure 1 shows the basic process used for the production of base metals and PGMs in a typical base metal refinery. Matte from the smelting section of the plant is milled before being sent to the atmospheric leaching stage, where sulphuric acid is used to dissolve most of the nickel in the matte. The pregnant leach solution leaving this leaching stage is sent to nickel crystallizers, where nickel sulphate crystals are produced.
The solids remaining after the atmospheric leaching stage are sent to the pressure leaching stage, where most of the copper in the first-stage leach residue is dissolved together with impurities such as Te and Se, as well as small quantities of OPMs. The solid residue leaving the pressure leaching stage contains a high concentration of PGMs, and is treated in batch leaching processes and the platinum metal refinery in order to produce high-purity PGMs.
The pregnant leach solution recovered from the pressure leaching stage is sent to the selenium/tellurium removal section, where these species are removed by precipitation with sulphurous acid. This processing step is important in order to avoid problems that may occur in copper electrowinning as a result of the presence of these impurities (Weir et al., 1980). It is also during this Se/Te precipitation step that partial rhodium precipitation takes place unexpectedly. Once Se and Te have been removed, the pregnant leach solution is sent to electrowinning for copper recovery.
Se/Te removal process
As discussed, the removal of selenium and tellurium from the copper sulphate leach solution is typically achieved by precipitation with sulphurous acid. The precipitation reactions in the Se/Te removal section would thus be as shown in reaction [1] and reaction [2] (Sherritt Gordon Mines Ltd, 1983):
Selenium removal and the extent to which precipitation occurs is dependent on the presence of the different Se ions, since Se6+ ions are typically more difficult to remove than Se4+ ions due to their low reactivity (Hofirek, 1983).
Unlike selenium, it is unlikely that tellurium will be directly reduced by sulphur dioxide in a sulphuric acid matrix, when copper is present in the solution (Shibasaki et al., 1991). For Te to precipitate from solution, it has been suggested that it would be more likely that the SO2 would reduce copper from cupric to cuprous sulphate, resulting in the formation of elemental copper. Tellurium would then precipitate by secondary cementation onto the surface of the elemental copper particles (Wang et al., 2003). These reactions are shown for tetravalent- and hexavalent Te in reactions [3] and [4]:
Effect of iron
In addition to Se and Te, the other major impurity that generally occurs in the solutions is iron, in concentrations up to 1.6 g/l. The presence of iron in the solution has to be taken into account since it reacts with the precipitation reagent, consuming a large portion of the reagent added. In order to determine the amount of reagent to be added, it is thus necessary to take the reaction of iron with each reagent into account.
Since the concentration of iron in solution is an order of magnitude larger than that of selenium and tellurium, all percentage excess values used in the experimental calculations for the various reagents were calculated based on the amount of iron in the solution. The reaction of iron with each of the reagents investigated as part of this project is shown in reactions [5] to [12].
Sherritt Gordon Mines Ltd (1983) suggested that the reaction of iron with SO2 is as follows:
The reaction of thiourea with the iron sulphate was determined from literature (Mensah-Biney et al., 1994):
McGeorge et al. (2009) formulated the reaction of the iron compound with an aqueous thiosulphate reagent:
No information was available in the literature for the reactions of formaldehyde and formic acid with iron. Therefore, half reactions were formulated for each of these reagents and these were used to determine a suggested overall reaction with each reagent. Habashi (2009) suggests that precipitation involving formic acid takes place via ionic precipitation. The overall reaction suggested for this would then be:
Formaldehyde, on the other hand, is known to form precipitates via non-ionic precipitation. For this reason, there are two possible ways in which formaldehyde could react. Formaldehyde could react directly with the iron, resulting in the formation of formic acid. It could then be assumed that the reaction has achieved completion and goes no further. Alternatively, the formic acid could continue to react with the iron. Ultimately, both of these reactions would result in an overall reaction as shown in reaction [9].
Rhodium precipitation theory
The mechanism of rhodium precipitation from copper sulphate solutions was studied by McGeorge et al. (2009), who used sodium thiosulphate as the precipitation reagent. From this study, it was suggested that rhodium precipitation takes place via homogeneous reactions initially. Here, the copper and rhodium present in the solution precipitate by ionic precipitation, as shown in reactions [10] and [11] (McGeorge et al., 2009):
If rhodium was present in the solution without copper, it would precipitate according to reaction [11]. Since the concentration of copper in the solution is approximately three times greater than that of rhodium, copper consumes more of the reagent than rhodium, and precipitates faster. These reactions occur before noticeable nucleation, due to an induction period created by the thiosulphate forming complexes. Copper then continues to precipitate via heterogeneous growth, as shown in reaction [12] (McGeorge et al.,2009):
Once the copper concentration has dropped, rhodium can continue to precipitate by co-precipitation or by cationic substitution. Co-precipitation involves rhodium and copper precipitating together, as shown in reactions [13] and [14] (McGeorge et al., 2009):
When cationic substitution takes place, the rhodium substitutes for the copper in the copper sulphide formed during the homogeneous reaction phase. This process occurs as shown in reaction [15] (McGeorge et al., 2009):
Cationic substitution is the slowest method by which rhodium can precipitate, while ionic precipitation is the fastest (due to the large excess in sulphur fed).
Experimental plan
The experimental work was divided into two sections. The first group of experiments comprised the screening tests, which were performed to allow for the selection of reagents that would be used in further tests (optimization tests). Optimization tests (the second group of tests) were performed to determine the applicable operating temperature and reagent addition amount for the selected reagents. All the tests were done using process solution supplied by Western Platinum Ltd., collected prior to the selenium/tellurium stage at their BMR.
Five different tests were performed as part of the screening tests. These tests were carried out at a temperature of 150°C for the five reagents that were identified as being potentially able to precipitate the rhodium. These reagents include sodium thiosulphate, sulphur dioxide, formaldehyde, formic acid, and thiourea. As mentioned previously, the amount of reagent to be added was calculated based on the amount of iron present in the solution. A percentage excess value was selected for each experiment and the volume of reagent required to achieve this excess then calculated.
Based on the results of the screening tests, it was decided that thiourea and SO2 would be used for the optimization tests. These tests were operated at the conditions summarized in Table I. The pressure in the autoclave was not explicitly controlled; all experiments were performed at the vapour pressure of solution at the experimental temperature of the particular run.
Experimental equipment
The experiments were carried out in a two-litre Büchiglasuster autoclave manufactured from Hastelloy. The autoclave was equipped with automatic temperature control, with heating by means of electric heating elements and cooling by control of a valve regulating the flow of cooling water through the autoclave jacket. The solution in the autoclave was agitated using an anchor stirrer driven by a magnetic stirrer drive, for which the agitation speed could be set at a fixed value. A 300 ml stainless steel cylinder with isolation valves connected to the autoclave cover plate allowed the addition of reagents under pressure. Nitrogen was used to pressurize the reagent cylinder, and was sparged into the solution by means of a tube extending from the cover plate into the solution. Sampling was done through the autoclave drain valve, which was located at the bottom of the autoclave.
Operating procedure
Pressure leach solution (700 ml) was placed into the autoclave, the autoclave was closed and all valves shut. The process solution was heated to the desired temperature while being agitated at 250 r/min. While the process solution was being heated, the correct quantity of reagent was placed into the reagent cylinder and the cylinder was pressurized using nitrogen. The cylinder was then attached to the cylinder attachment point on the autoclave cover plate.
Once the operating temperature had been reached, a sample was taken prior to opening the valve at the base of the reagent cylinder, which allowed the reagent to flow into the process solution.
After addition of the precipitation reagent, samples were taken every 20 minutes for the first hour, every 30 minutes for the second hour, and every two hours thereafter, for the full 8-hour duration of the experiment.
All samples were analysed for copper, nickel, selenium, tellurium, and rhodium using ICP analysis. Little precipitation of copper and nickel is desirable, since these elements are recovered in downstream processes following Se/Te removal. The precipitation of Se, Te, and Rh, on the other hand, should ideally be maximized.
Results and discussion
Screening tests
When analysing the results for the screening tests, it is important to note that the initial percentage excess was calculated to be 180 per cent for each reagent, based on the assumption that all reagents would react in a similar way to the SO2 with the iron. The stoichiometry of the iron-SO2 reaction was thus used as a basis. Once the process chemistry was better understood (as discussed earlier), the actual percentage excess of each reagent used was calculated. The results of these calculations are shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 shows the percentage rhodium precipitation as a function of time for each of the screening tests run with the various reagents. The precipitation of rhodium was used as the only performance measurement to determine which of the reagents would be investigated further during the optimization tests. It was furthermore assumed that the amount of precipitation would increase with an increase in the amount of reagent added. This was based on the fact that increasing the degree of supersaturation increases precipitation (Söhnel and Garside, 1992).
Although the amount of thiourea used was the smallest in terms of percentage excess, this reagent provided the highest rhodium precipitation percentage. In addition, kinetics for this precipitation were fast, as evidenced by the steep precipitation curve seen in Figure 2 (approximately 97% of the rhodium had been precipitated 20 minutes after addition of the thiourea). For these reasons, thiourea was selected as one of the reagents for further tests. Sulphur dioxide was selected as the second reagent to be investigated during the optimization tests, since it is currently used as the reagent for Se/Te removal on site. Limited modifications to the current process would thus be required if this reagent were used for Rh precipitation.
Sodium thiosulphate was used to obtain data that could be compared with published data. This reagent would not be considered for practical implementation, since this would lead to the addition of sodium to the BMR process circuit. Sodium can be removed from the process only at the nickel crystal-lizers, and this would inevitably lead to a reduction in the quality of the nickel sulphate crystals. In general, it can be said that the results achieved with sodium thiosulphate during this study are comparable with those reported in the literature (McGeorge et al., 2009).
Optimization tests
Selenium and tellurium
Figure 3 shows the precipitation of Se achieved with the different reagents at different temperatures. It seems evident that Se precipitation greater than 90 per cent is achieved quickly with both thiourea and SO2, regardless of the temperature at which the experiment is run. In addition, the amount of reagent seems to have little effect on the extent or kinetics of precipitation. These observations are in agreement with the results obtained in the study performed by Harañczyk et al. (2002).
Weir et al. (1980) suggested that Se precipitation is better at lower temperatures, since approximately 99 per cent of the Se(IV) ions precipitate at all temperatures, but Se(VI) precipitation decreases from 90 per cent as the temperature increases above 50°C. This is possibly due to the higher solubility of the Se(VI) ions, making these more difficult to precipitate than the Se(IV) ions. Increasing the temperature increases the solubility limit of the solution and allows the more soluble ions to return to solution. This may explain why, for SO2, the amount of Se precipitated at 150°C is lower at any given time for the same percentage excess values. Thiourea has been found to act as a catalyst for Se precipitation, which may explain why the amount of Se precipitated with thiourea does not decrease at higher temperatures (Weir et al., 1982).
From Figure 4, it seems that thiourea has difficulty removing tellurium, especially at low temperatures. A possible explanation for this is the fact that tellurium precipitation takes place by secondary cementation on elemental copper. It may be that thiourea precipitates copper in a form that is not available for cementation, limiting the amount of tellurium that can precipitate. At higher temperatures, with more copper precipitating (refer to Figure 6), more copper may precipitate in a form suitable for cementation. This may be why tellurium precipitation with thiourea at higher temperatures is better than at lower temperatures.
At lower temperatures, there appears to exist an optimum residence time to achieve maximum tellurium precipitation with SO2. A possible explanation for this observation is the fact that precipitation is dependent on residence time (Söhnel and Garside, 1992). As residence time increases, more tellurium is precipitated from the solution, decreasing the amount of tellurium present in the solution and thus adjusting the supersaturation level of the solution (in a batch process). Eventually, the Te level in the solution falls so low that the tellurium precipitate starts to redissolve.
For the tellurium concentration in the solution to decrease to below its solubility limit, the tellurium precipitation rate must be significantly faster than the dissolution rate of the precipitate initially. As the amount of precipitate increases, the dissolution rate will increase. The dissolution rate must surpass the precipitation rate at some point for the percentage tellurium precipitation to decrease. The system equilibrium is eventually achieved when the net rate of dissolution is equal to zero.
The Te precipitation trend at higher temperatures (150°C and 140 per cent excess SO2 at 115°C) does not follow the same trend as at lower temperatures. This could indicate that the rate of dissolution of rhodium is more dependent on the temperature of the system than the rate of precipitation. Thus, when the temperature is higher, the dissolution rate increases more quickly, while the rate of precipitation remains relatively constant. Then, the system can achieve equilibrium faster.
It seems from Figure 5 that thiourea precipitates almost 100 per cent of the rhodium from the solution at all temperatures, regardless of the amount of reagent added. In addition, the kinetics of this precipitation reaction appear to be fast under all operating conditions.
Figure 5 also shows the Rh precipitation achieved with SO2. Although this precipitation is significantly lower than that achieved with thiourea at lower temperatures, precipitation with this reagent seems to be heavily dependent on the operating conditions. A comparison of the rhodium precipitation achieved with SO2 for the same percentage excess at different temperatures shows that larger reagent quantities seem to lead to greater precipitation of rhodium.
Using SO2 at 150°C, the amount of rhodium precipitated increases as the percentage excess reagent increases, if the percentage precipitation at the end of the test is considered. When using 180 per cent excess SO2 at 150°C, overall rhodium precipitation of approximately 70 per cent can be achieved. It is thus evident that the optimum operating conditions for rhodium precipitation with SO2 have not been determined, but there are sufficient indications that percentage precipitation values in excess of 70 per cent can be achieved by increasing the percentage excess reagent and/or the operating temperature even further.
Copper and nickel
Copper and nickel precipitation should be limited as far as possible. Figure 6 shows the percentage copper precipitation as a function of time for the different operating conditions investigated during the optimization tests. Similar trends were observed for the nickel, and these graphs are thus omitted.
Overall, it seems that the amount of copper and nickel precipitated by thiourea is greater than the amount precipitated by SO2 under all operating conditions. It also appears as though the amount of copper and nickel precipitated with thiourea increases with both increasing temperature and increasing percentage excess reagent.
The maximum amount of copper precipitated with thiourea was, on average, 12.9 per cent at a temperature of 80°C for the different percentage excess values. An average nickel precipitation of 9.05 per cent was obtained at this temperature. For SO2, the average copper and nickel precipitation at this temperature was 4.5 and 3.0 per cent respectively. At 110°C, an average copper and nickel precipitation of 16.7 and 18.0 per cent respectively was achieved using thiourea, while SO2 resulted in percentage precipitation values of 11.6 and 9.9 per cent. Finally, at 150°C, thiourea precipitated 26.3 per cent copper and 24.8 per cent nickel. SO2, on the other hand, resulted in copper precipitation of 18.8 per cent and nickel precipitation of 14.7 per cent. From this it is evident that the amount of copper and nickel precipitated with thiourea at each temperature significantly exceeds the amount precipitated when SO2 was used.
A possible explanation for the greater precipitation of copper with thiourea may be related to the Te precipitation. If copper precipitates in a form that is not available for cementation with Te (as may be the case for thiourea), less of the precipitated copper is redissolved into solution. It is known, however, that SO2 allows the copper to precipitate in a form that is open to cementation. Therefore, more copper is redissolved when SO2 is used as a reagent, resulting in less copper precipitation.
Recalling the reaction mechanism for Rh precipitation (McGeorge et al., 2009), it can be noted that copper precipitates with the rhodium in the homogeneous reactions, heterogeneous growth, and during co-precipitation. It thus makes sense that a reduction in the amount of copper in the solution will occur. An examination of the copper precipitation trends shows that it may be possible to relate these to the rhodium precipitation trends as well. Since more Cu is precipitated by thiourea, more Cu is available for cationic substitution by the rhodium in solution. Lower copper precipitation by SO2 means that the less Cu is available in a form where Rh substitution can take place. This factor could be contributing to the fact that lower rhodium precipitation is achieved with SO2 than with thiourea.
Practical considerations
It is important to take the practical implications associated with the use of each reagent on the plant into account before choosing a reagent for implementation.
Thiourea is often used in electrowinning as a grain refiner (Hiskey et al., 1998) and is thus present in the process already. However, it is not known what effects this reagent will have on the process when it is added upstream of the electrowinning section. This is due to the fact that it is unclear which solid and dissolved species form during rhodium precipitation with this reagent. Solid-liquid separation may be difficult to achieve, and both solid and dissolved species may have detrimental effects on the process operation.
SO2 is the reagent currently used in the Se/Te removal section of the plant, and would thus probably require fewer modifications to implement than thiourea. It may thus be cheaper to use than thiourea. This reagent is, however difficult to manufacture and has major health and safety risks associated with it, unlike thiourea. For this reason, implementing thiourea may be beneficial, despite the higher capital costs.
Introducing larger quantities of sulphur generally decreases the size of the metal sulphide particles formed. This may lead to difficulties in solid-liquid separation if too much of either reagent is added.
From a practical and technical feasibility point of view, thio-urea and SO2 were deemed to be the most suitable reagents to be utilized for Rh precipitation from the pregnant copper sulphate leach solution. In general, when using thiourea as precipitation reagent, Rh precipitation and Se precipitation in excess of 90 per cent were obtained. However, little tellurium precipitation was achieved when using this reagent. In addition, the undesirable precipitation of copper and nickel occurs to a larger extent than when using SO2.
It should also be noted that the solid and dissolved species formed using thiourea are unknown and thus the effects of these compounds on the process are as yet undetermined. For this reason, it is recommended that a solids analysis is performed on the precipitate formed using this reagent. Investigations would also have to be performed on the dissolved species formed. To increase the amount of Te precipitated with thiourea, one could also vary the operating conditions for future tests. In this case, it would be necessary to carefully monitor the effects of these operating conditions on the precipitation of copper and nickel.
Although less Rh precipitation was obtained when using SO2 compared to thiourea, SO2 achieved Se and Te precipitation in excess of 80 per cent. Additionally, this reagent allows for limited precipitation of copper and nickel. It has, however, been observed that the Rh precipitation properties of this reagent improve at higher temperatures and greater percentage excess values. It is thus recommended that further studies be done on the operating conditions that will allow the highest Rh precipitation to take place when using SO2.
To determine which of these reagents would be best in a practical environment, it would also be necessary to perform a cost analysis for each reagent. This analysis would have to weigh the decreased manufacturing and safety precaution costs associated with thiourea against the capital cost of modifying the process to accommodate this reagent. This would then have to be compared to the manufacturing and modified operating costs associated with using a sulphur dioxide reagent.
The author would like to thank Western Platinum Limited (a subsidiary company of Lonmin Plc) for permission to publish the paper, as well as for financial and technical assistance provided.
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3. HARAÑCZYK, I., SZAFIRSKY, B., and FITZNER, K. 2002. The influence of the rate of selenium crystallization from aqueous solutions on its morphology. Journal of Mining an Metallurgy, vol. 38. pp. 33-48. [ Links ]
4. HISKEY, J.B. and CHENG, X. 1998. Fundamental studies of copper anode passivation during electrorefining: Part III. The effect of thio-urea. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, vol. 29B. pp. 53-58. [ Links ]
5. HOFIREK, Z. 1983. Process for removing dissolved selenium values from an acidic aqueous copper sulphate solution, US pat. number: 4 377 556. [ Links ]
6. MCGEORGE, B., GAYLARD, P.G., and LEWIS, A.E. 2009. Mechanism of rhodium(III) co-precipitation with copper sulphide (at low Rh concentrations) incorporating a new cationic substitution reaction path. Hydrometallurgy, vol. 96. pp. 235-245. [ Links ]
7. MENSAH-BINEY, R., Reid, K.J., and HEPWORTH, M.T. 1994. The loading capacity of selected cation exchange resins and activated carbons for gold-thiourea complex. Minerals Engineering, vol. 8. pp. 125-146. [ Links ]
8. SHERRITT GORDON MINES LIMITED, 1983. Base Metal Refinery: Selenium Removal and Reside Treatment Operating Manual. [ Links ]
9. SHIBASAKI, T., ABE, K., And TAKEUCHI, H. 1992. Recovery of tellurium from decopperizing leach solution of copper refinery slimes by a fixed bed reactor. Hydrometallurgy, vol. 29. pp. 399-412. [ Links ]
10. SÖHNEL, O. and GARSIDE, J. 1992, Precipitation: Basic Principles and Industrial Applications, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd. [ Links ]
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Paper received Dec. 2011
Paper written on project work carried out in partial fulfilment of B. Eng (Chemical Engineering)


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'A very critical issue'
Along the shores of Lake Erie in Dunkirk Friday, with NRG as a backdrop, officials from federal, state, county and local governments gathered at the Clarion Hotel for a press conference to support the repowering of NRG.
Congressman Tom Reed was joined by County Executive Greg Edwards, Assemblyman Andrew Goodell and Dunkirk Mayor Anthony J. Dolce as he spoke out in support of repowering NRG. Reed said the potential closing of NRG is a "very critical issue" to the county, but also important to western New York and the rest of the state.
A state Public Service Commission public hearing will be held Monday in the multi-purpose room of the Williams Center at SUNY Fredonia. National Grid will make a presentation from 6-7 p.m. with public comment starting at 7. Residents were encouraged to voice their opinions so Albany and the PSC will take them into consideration when they make a decision in regard to NRG.
Both NRG and National Grid have submitted proposals to the PSC. NRG's repowering proposal would invest money into the county with the construction of a natural gas-fired plant. National Grid's proposal would create transmission lines in addition to working on current lines to transport power from Pennsylvania and Ohio.
"I think the NRG repowering project has the most long-term viability and also makes sure the community is protected. It's not just about the rate payers but it's also about the community and the impact on services, and the residents of this community that are going to be impacted as a result of having to pay those significantly higher taxes as a result," Reed said.
NRG's proposal is calling for a highly efficient natural gas-fired plant which will bring jobs to the area and will be between 60 and 98 percent efficient depending on which element is involved, according to Goodell. The plant would create 500 construction jobs over three years and lower electric rates across the state. In addition to employing and maintaining highly qualified long-term employees, Goodell said. Reed said he is in support of natural gas and believes it will push the "manufacturing renaissance" that America is on the precipice of.
"I'm a firm believer in natural gas development. I think it can be done safely and responsibly and this is an example of utilizing that natural gas from domestic sources in a way that is productive and will lead us to the manufacturing renaissance," Reed added.
The National Grid proposal would have a transmission facility built in Cattaraugus County and have power shipped in to Chautauqua County, according to Edwards, and would not create revenue for the county. The proposal may also lead to an increase in pollution locally. New York state is part of a Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, a partnership of states which has vowed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Goodell said both Ohio and Pennsylvania are not members of the RGGI and their plants will not meet the standards set forth by New York state. The plants that would be producing the power are also coal-powered. Goodell said there is no guarantee that what is happening to NRG will not happen there.
"National Grid is proposing to increase pollution production on the plants that are upwind from us, – so that all New Yorkers can breathe that pollution the next day – in order to shut down a plant that is the most efficient and capable plant that will back the green energy that we are looking for in the future," Goodell said.
Edwards said it is important for residents to come out to the public hearing so others won't make decisions on behalf of the county. Other groups such as the Sierra Club, an environmental organization, is opposing the repowering of NRG and the construction of a natural gas-fired plant. Edwards said, while they do have viable positions, he does not want an outsider making decisions for the county.
"The Sierra Club has been out there hitting the airwaves and hitting the emails, hitting people out there. Granted they have viable positions they can make but I don't want somebody from California and the Sierra Club determining the future of Chautauqua County. I want the people who live here, who work here, who rely on the services that we provide and the futures that they want for their children making this decision," Edwards said.
If the repowering plan were to be denied, a tax base loss of approximately $1,000 per average homeowner in the city would be experienced, Goodell said. Edwards said the closure would be a loss of revenue to the cities of Dunkirk and Jamestown, in addition to the county.
"If we secure this investment, it's additional revenue and additional support to help us do the type of things that everyone wants us to do and provide the critical services that people in the city, the school students in the schools and people in the county really need," Edwards said.
Dolce said the efforts to repower NRG have been both a bipartisan and a community-wide effort. He noted the various community leaders and members represented at the press conference and said that's what is needed Monday evening but multiplied by 100.
"This is our opportunity, let's take advantage of it and show up Monday night and let our voices be heard," said Dolce. "We need people to show up, and again if you're not comfortable speaking, your presence alone will speak volumes. This is our opportunity, let's take advantage of it and show up Monday night and let our voices be heard."
Reed commended Sen. Catharine Young for pushing to have the public hearing held in Dunkirk. Edwards commended Young's efforts in trying to get buses to provide transportation to get to the public hearing on Monday. CARTS will be having a bus run along Ring Road to transport residents to the Williams Center.
"Take two hours out of your week, your month. Take two hours … to secure our future for the next few years. Show up at SUNY Fredonia and the Williams Center, it will make a difference," Edwards said.
If you cannot make the meeting on Monday, Reed encouraged residents to submit their comments to Garry Brown of the PSC online or by mail. Public comment is being accepted until July 26. To submit comments online, visit documents.dps.ny.gov/public/Comments/PublicComments.aspx?MatterCaseNo=12-E-0577. Residents may also send in their comments by mail. Letters may be sent to: Chairman Garry A. Brown and Acting Secretary Jeffrey Cohen, NYS Public Service Commission Agency Bldg. 3, Empire State Plaza Albany, NY 12223. Letters should refer to case number 12-E-0577.
Comments on this article may be sent to firstname.lastname@example.com.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Municipal register is the administrative register where municipality inhabitants are recorded. The respective town councils are responsible for its formation, maintenance, revision and custody and its update is obtained from the revision of the municipal register referring to 1 January of each year, which is approved by the Government at the INE's request, after the favourable report by the Registration Board.
In 1996 a modification of register regulations was carried out. A new continuous and computerised management system for municipal registers was established, based on the coordination of all of them by the National Statistical Institute.
Based on the aforementioned regulations, the last register renewal was carried out, referred to 1 May, in 1996. This was the starting point for the new register system. The revision to 1 January 1998 was the first update to be carried out in agreement with the new system.
The statistical use of the register to 1 January each year is made from a file arising from the INE registry base from the which the proposal of official figures is obtained. The basic variables contained in the register which are likely to be used statistically are filtered. Crosses are made by: place of residence, sex, age, nationality and place of birth and broken down up to municipal level and by sex, nationality and age broken down up to census level.


text:
The USDA has announced that the February Class3 price is up two dollars and twenty cents a hundredweight from the january price and over $6 dollars stronger than the Class3 price from February 2013. And even though the milk prices are expected to fall in the second half of the year.... Ag Economists still feel producer profit margins will be strong all year long.
Copyright Copyright 2014 Nexstar Broadcasting, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.


text:
an earthen toiler, ~Lvl 53
a sand spiritstorm ~Lvl 53
Edited, Feb 6th 2015 3:33am by Oxgoad
Takish-Hiz expeditions are triggered by speaking with the NPCs at the Wayfarer camp in North Ro (located a fair distance southwest of the Freeport gate).
In an earlier age, endless aisles of marble stood cool in the shadows of the great Elddar Forest. Now all that remains is a lifeless sea of sand and stone. Beneath these sun scorched reminders rests a piece of time forgotten even by the god which set the condemning sands in motion. No longer living, yet unable to forget, something vengeful is moving beneath the desert of Ro. If you venture into this realm of cursed memories, will you survive to tell their story?


text:
3/1/2013 (3 years ago)
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
Simplicity strips away only what impedes love. In finding our proper relationship to the goods of the earth-not utterly rejecting them, craving them, or turning them into an idol-we find true freedom. Our eyes are opened. We not only learn to see Lazarus, we see Jesus in Lazarus.
Lazarus and the Rich Man
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
3/1/2013 (3 years ago)
Published in Year of Faith
Keywords: simplicity, evangelical counsels, voluntary poverty, poverty of spirit, holiness, Bosom of Abraham, Lazarus and the Rich man, contemplation, contemplative, Yesr of Faith, Deacon Keith Fournier
CHESAPEAKE, VA. (Catholic Online) - In today's Gospel we encounter a rich man who embraces a wrong relationship with the goods of the earth. Instead of offering these goods back to the Lord who is their Source and using them to serve others - his disordered appetites entrap and blind him. His sin is that he failed to see the need of his brother.
"Jesus said to the Pharisees: "There was a rich man who dressed in purple garments and fine linen and dined sumptuously each day. And lying at his door was a poor man named Lazarus, covered with sores, who would gladly have eaten his fill of the scraps that fell from the rich man's table. Dogs even used to come and lick his sores. When the poor man died, he was carried away by angels to the bosom of Abraham."
"The rich man also died and was buried, and from the netherworld, where he was in torment, he raised his eyes and saw Abraham far off and Lazarus at his side. And he cried out, 'Father Abraham, have pity on me. Send Lazarus to dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am suffering torment in these flames.' Abraham replied, 'My child, remember that you received what was good during your lifetime while Lazarus likewise received what was bad; but now he is comforted here, whereas you are tormented."
"Moreover, between us and you a great chasm is established to prevent anyone from crossing who might wish to go from our side to yours or from your side to ours.' He said, 'Then I beg you, father, send him to my father's house, for I have five brothers, so that he may warn them, lest they too come to this place of torment.'
"But Abraham replied, 'They have Moses and the prophets. Let them listen to them.' He said, 'Oh no, father Abraham, but if someone from the dead goes to them, they will repent.' Then Abraham said, 'If they will not listen to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded if someone should rise from the dead.' (Luke 16: 19-31)
The Lord said nothing about the rich man's possessions. It was his wrongful use of them he addressed. The Rich Man failed to recognize the need of others. St Augustine proclaimed in a homily on this Gospel passage: "Lazarus was received into heaven because of his humility and not because of his poverty. Wealth itself was not what kept the rich man from eternal bliss. His punishment was for selfishness and disloyalty" Having goods is not sin. It is whether they have us. In this parable, goods have the man.Â
In an age of bumper stickers such as "Whoever dies with the most toys wins" and "I am spending my retirement spending my children's inheritance", Christians are called to a different approach to the goods of the earth. We are invited to embrace simplicity of life. Simplicity is not about the quantity of the goods of the earth we possess. It is about our relationship to them. Jesus said, "Where your treasure is, there your heart will be also" (Matt. 6:21). How often have we have heard the saying, "Money is the root of all evil"? That is not what the Apostle taught.
Money is not evil. Nor is it proof of God's blessing and favor-a view that insults Christians who struggle daily to survive. Both errors are rooted in a mistaken foundation. They are self-centered rather than God and other centered. The Apostle Paul wrote two letters to Timothy, a young disciple who had been placed in leadership over the Christian community at Ephesus, a city known for its wealth and luxury. St. Paul traveled there to plant the nascent Christian Church. Knowing that those Christian believers would face certain dangers when dealing with wealth, he reminded Timothy:
"Indeed, religion with contentment is a great gain; for we brought nothing into the world, just as we shall not be able to take anything out of it. If we have food and clothing, we shall be content with that. Those who want to be rich are falling into temptation and into a trap and into many foolish and harmful desires, which plunge them into ruin and destruction.For the love of money is the root of all evils - and some people in their desire for it have strayed from the faith and have pierced themselves with many pains. But you, man of God, avoid all this. Instead, pursue righteousness, devotion, faith, love, patience, and gentleness." (1 Tim. 6: 6-11)
The phrase "love of money" speaks to the heart. When we love the goods of the earth more than we love the One who created them, we commit the sin of idolatry. A destitute person can be just as obsessed with money as a wealthy one who is given over to greed. Greed is a form of idolatry.
In another letter to the Christians in Philippi, St Paul explains his own approach to material things: "I know indeed how to live in humble circumstances; I know also how to live with abundance. In every circumstance and in all things I have learned the secret of being well fed and of going hungry, of living in abundance and of being in need" (Philippians 4:12). Paul was free from the love of money.
The Gospels of Matthew and Mark describe an encounter between Jesus and a wealthy young man. This man had followed the commandments since his youth, but Jesus told him it was not enough. He instructed the young man to give up his possessions and follow Him. We read that the man refused and went away sad because his possessions possessed him.
Consider the sobering words which follow this encounter: "Then Jesus said to his disciples, 'Amen, I say to you, it will be hard for one who is rich to enter the kingdom of heaven. Again I say to you, it is easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for one who is rich to enter the kingdom of God.' When the disciples heard this, they were greatly astonished and said, 'Who then can be saved?' Jesus looked at them and said, 'For human beings this is impossible, but for God all things are possible.' (Matthew 19, Mark 10).
When we recognize our own poverty of spirit we are able to live lives that are dependent upon Jesus. Only He can satisfy the hunger of the human heart. When we have Him, we have everything; even though we may possess nothing. We discover the secret of heaven's economy: those who live in simplicity are the richest people on the earth. Jesus called them the "poor in spirit." He promised them blessedness. He proclaimed that the kingdom of heaven belongs to them (Matt 5:3).
Some Christians are called to a voluntary embrace of economic poverty as part of a specific vocation. However, most of us live in the material world of bills, possessions, and financial challenges. We are to receive them with gratitude and use them with the freedom which comes from a relationship with the Lord. Our relationship to this world - and the goods of this world- should mirror that of God's Son whom we follow. Jesus was born in a manger. As an adult he had no place to lay his head. He was raised in a simple home- by a woman whose heart recognized true wealth.
Remember the words that the angel spoke to Mary when she asked how it could be that she would bear the Messiah. "Nothing is impossible with God" (Luke 1:37) Mary understood that when you have the Lord, you have it all. She lived in the heavenly economy, and if we choose, we can live there too. There is an invitation to simplicity in Gods loving plan for each one of us. To those who voluntarily embrace it, simplicity becomes an invitation to love, and a school of sanctity. All relationships, with persons as well as with the goods of the earth, are changed by its embrace.
Painful experiences can become the material for personal transformation and enable us to open ourselves to the fullness of life. Through simple surrender to the loving plan of God, we enter into communion with the Lord and experience His loving gaze. Fear dissipates and everything is bathed in love. The way of simplicity paves a path to peace. The capacity to see life differently comes through from prayer. Contemplatives comprehend, or rather, are comprehended by, the experience of communion with the Lord. They fall in love with God and need nothing else.
Father Louis (Thomas Merton) wrote on November 10, 1963, "Whatever I may have written, I think it all can be reduced in the end to this one root truth: that God calls human persons to union with Himself and with one another in Christ, in the Church which is His Mystical Body. It is also a witness to the fact that there is and must be, in the church, a contemplative life which has no other function than to realize these mysterious things, and return to God all the thanks and praise that human hearts can give Him."
Simplicity strips away only what impedes love. In finding our proper relationship to the goods of the earth-not utterly rejecting them, craving them, or turning them into an idol-we find true freedom. Our eyes are opened. We not only learn to see Lazarus, we see Jesus in Lazarus.
By Fr. James Farfaglia
The consideration of Jesus' baptism, gives us an opportunity to remember our own baptism. If you do not know the date of your own baptism, it is a good idea to go through your personal files and find out when it occurred. CORPUS CHRISTI, TX (Catholic ... continue reading
By Fr Samuel Medley, SOLT
I gave my back to those who beat me, my cheeks to those who plucked my beard; My face I did not shield from buffets and spitting. HYTHE, KENT, UK (Catholic Online) - I didn't steal any cookies mommy! says a little boy whose mother asked him if he was hungry, wiping the ... continue reading
By Catholic Online
The Spirit makes one man a teacher of divine truth, inspires another to prophesy, gives another the power of casting out devils, enables another to interpret holy Scripture. The Spirit strengthens one man's self-control, shows another how to help the poor, teaches ... continue reading
By Deacon Keith Fournier
It is not accidental that the Bible, from beginning to the end, uses marriage as a metaphor and a symbol to reveal the plan of God for the whole human race. Marriage was God's plan from the beginning as we see in the first book of Genesis. Throughout the Old ... continue reading
By Deacon Keith Fournier
"A sower went out to sow. And, as he sowed, some seed fell on the path, and birds came and ate it up. Some fell on rocky ground, where it had little soil. It sprang up at once because the soil was not deep, and when the sun rose it was scorched, and it withered for ... continue reading
By Michael Terheyden
How we interpret the Bible is of immense importance! It directly affects what we believe about Christ, the Church, and our faith, but it is also related to many of the grave problems in our society and the world. Yet, despite the gravity of this situation, we have good ... continue reading
By Deacon Keith Fournier
We celebrate the Feast of Christ the King. It is one of many opportunities the Catholic Church year offers to each one of us to consider the creature called time, receive it as a gift, and begin to really live our lives differently. This is one of ... continue reading
By Deacon Keith Fournier
On the Solemnity of the Feast of Christ the King, the Sunday which marks both the end of the Church Year and the end of the Year of Faith, inaugurated by Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI, Pope Francis greeted thousands of the faithful and presided over Holy Mass and the ... continue reading
By Father Randy Sly
Becoming a House of Prayer is the best discipline we can take on. St. Ephraem of Syria states that Virtues are formed by prayer. Prayer preserves temperance. Prayer suppresses anger. Prayer prevents emotions of pride and envy. Prayer draws into the soul the Holy ... continue reading
By Deacon Keith Fournier
If this day you only knew what makes for peace- but now it is hidden from your eyes. For the days are coming upon you when your enemies will raise a palisade against you; they will encircle you and hem you in on all sides. They will smash you to the ground and your ... continue reading


text:
B.J. Evans
Manager, Media Relations and Publications
Phone: 719-228-6800
E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
ANAHEIM, Calif. (Jan. 3, 2008) - The U.S. Men's National Team departed on Wednesday night for Caguas, Puerto Rico, where it will compete at the 2008 NORCECA Men's Continental Olympic Qualification Championship on Jan. 6-11.
The tournament is the second chance for the U.S. Men to qualify for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, China. The first chance was at the 2007 FIVB World Cup, where the U.S. Men finished fourth. Only the winner of the NORCECA qualifier will go to Beijing.
Members of the U.S. Men's Team returned from their international club teams to the American Sports Center in Anaheim on Dec. 26 to begin training for the NORCECA tournament.
"We've identified a few key areas from World Cup that we needed to work on," U.S. Head Coach Hugh McCutcheon said. "But mostly the practices have been about getting reconnected and getting hitters on the same page."
The teams at the NORCECA qualifier will be the same eight teams that competed at the NORCECA Continental Championship in September in Anaheim: Barbados, Canada, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Trinidad , Tobago and the United States. The U.S. Men won that tournament, defeating Puerto Rico in the final, 3-1 (25-20, 23-25, 25-22, 25-23), after previously defeating it in pool play. However, Puerto Rico came back at the World Cup and surprised the United States with a 3-1 (25-21, 20-25, 25-17, 25-22) victory over Team USA. Although Puerto Rico went on to finish sixth at the World Cup, team captain Hector Soto was the overall leading scorer of the tournament with 243 on 224 kills, nine blocks and 10 aces. The next leading scorer had only 200 points.
Ranked No. 3 in the world, Team USA is the top-ranked team in the tournament, followed by Puerto Rico (eighth), Cuba (17th) and Canada (18th). However the U.S. Men know they cannot take any of the teams lightly.
"I think we have every reason to feel confident about our team. But we cannot be complacent," McCutcheon said. "I thought we had a good 2007. Overall our World Cup was good. We were disappointed that we did not reach our goal of qualifying for the Olympics. But after an inconsistent start we put ourselves in a position to qualify."
The U.S. Men reached the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens by winning the NORCECA qualifier. Should the U.S. Men still have to qualify after Puerto Rico, they will have an opportunity at one of the following three tournaments:
May 23-25 in Dusseldorf, Germany there will be a four-team qualifier with Germany plus three teams decided by drawing of lots.
May 30-June 1 in Espinho, Portugal there will be a four-team qualifier with Portugal plus three teams decided by drawing of lots.
May 31-June 8 in Tokyo, Japan there will be an eight-team qualifier with Japan plus the four Asian teams best-ranked in the Asian Continental Championship (Australia, Korea, Iran, Thailand) plus three teams decided by drawing of lots. Drawing of lots: Three best-ranked teams from Europe, two from NORCECA, one from South America, one from Africa, two from Asia (Indonesia, Chinese Taipei). The drawing of lots will be conducted in February 2008 in Japan, at the end of all Continental Olympic Qualification Tournaments.
The NORCECA qualifier web site is www.norceca.org/2008%20Men's%20Continental%20Olympic%20Qualification.htm
2008 NORCECA Men's Continental Olympic Qualification Championship U.S. Men's Preliminary Roster
(No., Name, Position, Height, Hometown, College)
1 Lloy Ball (S, 6-8, Woodburn, Ind., Indiana-Purdue, Fort Wayne)
2 Sean Rooney (OH, 6-9, Wheaton, Ill., Pepperdine)
3 Jim Polster (OH, 6-6, Laguna Niguel, Calif., Long Beach State)
4 David Lee (MB, 6-8, Alpine, Calif., Long Beach State)
5 Rich Lambourne (L, 6-3, Tustin, Calif., BYU)
6 Phil Eatherton (MB, 6-9, Glencoe, Mo., Ball State)
7 Donald Suxho (S, 6-5, Korce, Albania, USC)
8 Reid Priddy (OH, 6-5, Richmond, Va., Loyola Marymount)
9 Ryan Millar (MB, 6-8, Palmdale, Calif., BYU)
10 Riley Salmon (OH, 6-6, League City, Texas, Pierce College)
11 Brook Billings (OPP, 6-5, Santa Barbara, Calif., USC)
12 Tom Hoff (MB, 6-8, Park Ridge, Ill., Long Beach State) 13 Clay Stanley (OPP, 6-9, Honolulu, Hawai'i, Hawai'i)
14 Kevin Hansen (S, 6-5, Newport Beach, Calif., Stanford) 15 Gabe Gardner (OPP, 6-9, San Clemente, Calif., Stanford)
16 Evan Patak (OPP, 6-8, Pleasanton, Calif., UC Santa Barbara)
17 Delano Thomas (MB, 6-7, Sacramento, Calif., Hawai'i) 18 Scott Touzinsky (OH, 6-7, St. Louis, Mo., Long Beach State)
19 Alfred Reft (L, 5-10, Oxnard, Calif., Hawai'i)
Group A
United States
Puerto Rico
Dominican Republic
Group B
Trinidad & Tobago
Tournament Schedule (all times PST)
Preliminary Round
Jan. 6
7 a.m.: Canada vs. Trinidad & Tobago
9 a.m.: Dominican Republic vs. USA
11 a.m.: Cuba vs. Mexico
2 p.m.: Puerto Rico vs. Barbados
Jan. 7
10 a.m.: Trinidad & Tobago vs. Mexico
Noon: USA vs. Barbados
2 p.m.: Cuba vs. Canada
4 p.m.: Puerto Rico vs. Dominican Republic
Jan. 8
10 a.m.: Trinidad & Tobago vs. Cuba
Noon: Barbados vs. Dominican Republic
2 p.m.: Mexico vs. Canada
4 p.m.: USA vs. Puerto Rico
Final Round
Jan. 9
2 p.m.: Quarterfinals (2A vs. 3B)
4 p.m.: Quarterfinals (3A vs. 2B)
Jan. 10
10 a.m.: Classification 5-8
Noon: Classification 5-8
2 p.m.: Semifinals
4 p.m.: Semifinals
Jan. 11
10 a.m.: Seventh-place match
Noon: Fifth-place match
2 p.m.: Third-place match
4 p.m.: Championship match


text:
New Franklin County maps available
The Columbus Dispatch - March 26, 2012 12:23 PM
If you don't know your Groveport from your Grove City or your Perry from your Prairie, help is on the way.
Franklin County Engineer Dean Ringle tells us that the new county roadmaps and atlases are now available. The maps are free and can be picked up at local and county government offices. The atlas -- the map in book form -- costs $1.
County maps last were updated in 2009, and Ringle says there are 1,250 changes in the new version. County surveyors have mapped more than 1,200 streets and more than 1,000 points of interest such as schools and airports.
The new maps also include smart-phone codes that can get you quickly to both Ringle's website and ODOT's website for the I-71/670 reconstruction project.


text:
- Bath
- Kitchen
- Field Tile
Color Options
Penny Tile is a line with unique hydrophilic coating which provides wall and floor tiles with revolutionary properties. Selective range of unique color palette is available in both strong and soft color blends as well as white, black and cream.
|Waterworks Collection
Color Options
Every fitting or fixture, tile or textile meets our uncompromising standards for quality assurance and excellence — proving that functionality and aesthetics go hand-in-hand.Our Heritage
The made-to-order program offers clients an expansive range of possibilities, including special finishes on fittings, custom colors and sizes for ceramics, artistic mosaics, and custom kitchen sinks.Learn more
Waterworks, Waterworks Studio and additional registered and unregistered trademarks are the property of Waterworks IP Company LLC and its affiliates.


text:
Faculty Artist Recital: John Hines, bass
UNI School of Music faculty artist John Hines will present a voice recital titled Mozart and Friends. Hines will be joined by faculty artists Korey Barrett, piano, Julia Bullard, viola, Suzanne Bullard, cello, Hunter Capoccioni, double bass, and Frederick Halgedahl, violin. This event is free and open to the public.


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The UFC have a big name to cut from last night...
So now lets stand back and watch as the UFC tries to justify keeping Josh Koscheck on the books. Having lost three of his past five fights....two losses in a row (which we know they have used to get rid of others)
This is their test. If they fail to dismiss Josh Koscheck, then it goes to show, they arent clearing the roster for the elite...but simply saving their favourites at the expense of true hard working fighters....does anyone dissagree
We all know what would have befallen Robbie Lawler had the result been the other way round, dont we.
I cant wait for the announcement and uproar this is going to cause when they announce a cut list which penalizes...I dont know, Anton Kuivanen, Ivan Menjivar....and fails to mention Josh Koscheck.
It will be point proven.
Now if on the other hand, the UFC actually do have the balls to dispose of Koscheck...then we can be assured that noone, truely, noone is safe...(Except Dan Hardy, Leonard Garcia, and probably Mac Danzig....as those names have pretty much been told to journalists as a safe list despite their records lol)
it is still about who sells tickets, losses aren't everything,
an exciting loss is better than a fitch win, i am no koscheck fan, but i like seeing him get beat, and i do actually expect him to put up a decent fight most of the time, the ufc would be stupid to let him go and let someone else pick him up, kos will fight twice a year and do his part to hype a fight,
i hate him, i want him to fail, but business is business, and kos hasn't quite earned a pink slip yet, i hope the ufc uses him up and don't let him go till he is worthless,
i also highly doubt robbie would have been cut with a loss, robbie has a pretty decent following and record of exciting fights
just my 2 cents, i hear where you coming from, but just see the other side of the coin too
I could see them cutting him, but I could see them keeping him. Like Fitch, Kos is an expensive fighter to have on the roster that is falling farther down the rankings. But he has a fan base and also a group that absolutely hates him and will pay to see him fight.
His record is 1-2 in his last two fights, however the win and one of losses were both controversial split decisions.
I don't want to have the previous discussion in here, but you have to distinguish MMA the sport and UFC the business. Based on record he should probably be let go, but based on what he has to offer the UFC he will likely stay for at least one more fight.
2) Koscheck cant beat Number One Contenders...Thiago Alves, a fail, johny Hendricks, a Fail....and he cant win a contendership himself...GSP, a Fail.
What use is he to an insitution if he's going to be just a gatekeeper? a way of telling who the contenders are...because its like we cant see them til they fell him anyway
3) He has more then merited a cut...if the UFC are prepared to cut people on two losses in a row. People who are equally as exciting, but simply less well known.
From a pure business perspective...I'm afraid to say That Josh Koscheck is almost entirely worthless now. He will never be champion, and appears to be on his way down.
Even I was suprised at what Lawler did. I am not immune to thinking that because someone is a mainstay they are always going to take a hefty amount to be beaten. I even said in my predictions video that I thought that Koscheck would have the upper hand the majority of the time, but that Lawler would be able to find a way to win at a push...Well Koscheck was no Manhoef was he.
The only appeasement required is Josh Koschecks head...and its over due now...and the UFC MUST after last night recognise that. They threatened Urijah Faber because he could win EVERY FIGHT EXCEPT for a Championship Match....but Josh Koscheck...he can get his head pummelled by a man they WOULD cast aside had he lost...and get diplomatic immunity??
Will he join the Golden Fails, on the bench of invincibility....Will he take his seat alongside Dan Hardy, Leonard Garcia, and Mac Danzig...or will the UFC take the sword and spill the blood they promised last week.
4) Its never been unusual for the UFC to get rid of a flop on the first night...the stable is so bloated, I bet they arent actually taking on new people without a win...although personally, I'd love for them to spare that Kuivanen chap
If they are serious about what they said...they MUST act....if they dont, then its proof that what they are doing is protecting people they like, and getting rid of people they dont like.
You Supported Max in what he said about those guys being cut because they were not top contenders, and possibily (though he assumed probably) never would be. Will Josh Koscheck ever be Champion? I'd say there is a 90 percent Chance that Josh Koscheck will NEVER be a UFC Champion. What does he have to offer them? His mouth? His smack? Is this about fighting...or about talking? fine if you can back your mouth up with your fists...but the only fists backing anything up...were Lawlers against Koschecks head.
Applying the same logic that got the bag o brits sacked...Josh Koscheck must go also.
But...your right...they wont release him....and the descrepancy is what I find unfair, and why we have laws here to force insitutions to have standard practises that THEY can not diviate from. I knew it wouldnt take long for the UFC to prove my point entirely...I never expected it within the week.
They know what they must do if they want to show they are legitamate...noone will be fooled by them if they choose any other path.
I hate to even defend Kos, but he is in a way that "company man". He stepped in on short notice to fight Hughes and has offered to do that on several occasions. I am sure that these actions sit well with the company.
- Rashad Evans - lost last 2, likely not going to be champ again.
- Rich Franklin - 2-2 in last 4, likely not going to be champ again.
- Wanderlei Silva - 2-2 in last 4, likely not going to be champ.
- BJ Penn - 1-2-1 in last 4, likely will not be champ again.
Should these guys still be in the UFC based on their last few fights? They all should stay because they are well known names and people want to see them fight.
Let me ask you this Dave and this is not trying to take a shot at your favorite fighter. Do you think Zuffa, as a whole, treated Jens well? They allowed him to stay around and lose 5 fights in a row without releasing him.
I'm experiencing deja vu. Just sayin'...
Well, if that's the protocol for firing (3 consecutive losses) then Josh Neer will be gone as well. But the UFC is a business, if Kos will bring in the fans, he will stay. It's not black and white and private businesses are not necessarily democratic (thank goodness!). Owners are still flexible in policy and allowed to make their own decisions.
Rejoice ever more. 1 Thessalonians 5:16
This is America. When you own a business and pay the bills, you can run it the way YOU want.
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Insect-eating not (just) for the birds
Nutritious, chemical-free and all-natural, insects are featured as the main protein several Latin American, Asian and African countries. For example, in the Santander region of Colombia, leaf-cutter ants (called "hormigas culonas") are sometimes eaten roasted, salted and have a slightly acidic taste. Mopane worms—the caterpillar for the moth Gonimbrasia belina—are popular in Botswana and are served dried or rehydrated with sauces and other ingredients.


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Dan is lovely, he made us feel so comfortable! We had a maternity shoot done and as a pregnant Mum you look at all of your flaws! Dan is a Dad himself and supported and guided us through the whole shoot! Can't wait for our family shoot ;)
Dear Graham, On behalf of our staff and myself, I just wanted to take a moment and say "Thank You" for the wonderful job you did organising such a terrific day for everyone. We all felt at ease and the buzz and enthusiasm in the office was contagious. We are absolutely thril..
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Topic: Moved to Apache -> partion render new Empty
Hi there,
I just wanted to move my developed rails application on a apache Server and got hit by a strange thing:
Everythign is displayed and worked as excecpted, except the (scaffolged) new/edit actions, the "New <thing>" and the "Back" but is displayed, but the content which should come from <%= render :partial => 'form' %> isn't displayed.
Any hints where i could begin to search? Apache log and rails internal log don't say anything special. I even can see the SHOW FIELD for the form is logged, there is just no output .


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Related concepts:
Heat rash, Prickly heat, Sweat blisters
Introduction to miliaria:
Are heat rashes real? Or is that just an old wives' tale?
Children's skin can be quite sensitive to heat. Nursing moms often discover this, especially in the summertime, when their baby's face turns red where it is against the mother's skin. This redness comes from blood vessels in the area dilating to cool the skin down. Cooling the skin usually makes the rash disappear within hours, or even sooner. Miliaria is a type of heat rash that lasts for days. It is also a classic newborn rash.
What is miliaria?
Miliaria is a very common skin condition in newborns. The pores of their immature sweat glands plug easily, leading to tiny pink bumps or water blisters.
Who gets miliaria?
Miliaria is most common in the first few weeks of life. It is especially common in hot, humid weather but almost any baby can get it. It is more common in babies who are bundled too warmly.
Older children and adults can also get miliaria, in which case it is often called "prickly heat."
What are the symptoms of miliaria?
There are two common types of miliaria. The plugged pores of miliaria crystallina result in pinpoint sweat blisters with no redness. The plugged pores of miliaria rubra (prickly heat) produce small red bumps, with or without sweat blisters.
Either way, miliaria tends to show up on covered parts of the skin, especially where there is friction from clothing. The forehead (under caps or visors), body folds, the upper back and chest, and the arms are the most common locations.
Often prickly heat itches in older children, and they often describe a 'prickly' sensation. What newborns feel remains a mystery.
The prickly heat rash can look quite similar to one caused by infected hair follicles (folliculitis), but if you look at the prickly heat bumps with a magnifying glass, no hair follicles will be seen.
An important note: Fever can produce prickly heat, but is not caused by it – if your child has a fever, you still need to find the cause.
Is miliaria contagious?
How long does miliaria last?
Miliaria should disappear within 2 or 3 days.
How is miliaria diagnosed?
Miliaria is usually diagnosed based on the physical exam. Sometimes it is confused with other benign conditions such as erythema toxicum. Sometimes it is confused with serious infections, such as herpes. If the diagnosis is not clear, lab tests may be needed.
How is miliaria treated?
A cooler environment, lightweight clothing, and lukewarm baths can be effective in the treatment of miliaria in newborns and in older children.
In older children, prickly heat is treated with gentle cleansing of the skin. I like using Stri-Dex Acne Medicated Sensitive Skin Pads; the salicylic acid helps to unplug the pores.
Hydrocortisone cream (not ointment) can help with itching. Sometimes antihistamines are needed for the itching (and to help with sleep). If the rash becomes infected, antibiotics may also be needed.
How can miliaria be prevented?
Avoiding excess heat and humidity is the best way to prevent miliaria.
Related A-to-Z Information:
Baby Acne, Cradle Cap, Diaper Rash, Erythema Toxicum (Baby rash), Hemangioma, Inconspicuous Penis, Labial Adhesions, Lanugo, Milia, Moles (Nevi), Mongolian Spots, Port Wine Stain, Pustular Melanosis, Salmon Patches (Stork bites)


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"The thing to remember is that, for affluentials, money has become the tool with which to buy non-material things—space, time, health, fitness, and meaningful experiences. "
Gulfstream G650
Production models of Gulfstream's new, near-supersonic flagship G650–which received FAA certification on September 7–have been rolling off the assembly line and winging their way to completion centers. The manufacturer expects to have the $64.5 million, 7,000-nautical-mile-range bizjet into the hands of customers before the end of this year.
The G650 is by far Gulfstream's most ambitious project to date. It has not been without a few hiccups along the way, including the loss of a certification aircraft and crew in April 2011 that temporarily halted flight testing, and some software issues. However, this has not dissuaded more than 200 customers from lining up for deliveries, making the G650 one of the most successful bizjet launches ever. The aircraft's two chief attributes–size and speed–account for this popularity.
The G650 features 28 percent more cabin volume than the G550, itself a large 12- to 16-passenger jet. The G650's main cabin door is 75 inches high, the cabin floor is 80 inches wide and the finished cabin ceiling is 77 inches tall. In back, you'll find a cavernous, 195-cubic-foot baggage compartment. All that space means room for larger seats, windows and monuments. The divan is 80 inches long. The single executive seats in the G650 are two inches wider and the cabin windows are 16 percent larger than those on the G550.
The windows use PPG's Opticor technology, allowing passengers to brighten or dim them electronically as opposed to using conventional window shades. The electrically deployed sidewall tables are large enough for a laptop and a food plate and feature an especially sturdy mechanism. From the monitor lifts to the pocket doors and drawer hardware, Gulfstream rethought virtually all of the cabin hardware on the G650, focusing on robustness, smooth function and quiet operation.
The cabin can be configured for up to 18 passengers in any of 12 floor plans, with either forward or aft galleys and with or without a dedicated crew rest area. The conference area is expandable from four seats to six by replacing the center cabin credenza with two single seats. With forward-galley layouts, an optional stateroom is available just forward of the aft lavatory. It can be equipped with a single executive seat, a work table, a large LED monitor and a berthing divan. Passengers can access the baggage hold in flight through the aft lavatory, easing wardrobe changes.
The G650 cabin benefits from a combination of clean lines, high-tech accents and hints of art deco on the curved-edge cabinets. The absence of clutter and visible switching on this airplane is striking. The galley is large and decidedly high-tech. The appliances are housed in an attractive aluminum stack as opposed to being garaged behind cabinet doors. The arrangement looks cool and saves space.
The wireless Gulfstream Cabin Management System (GCMS) uses a passenger's personal portable electronic device, synched to individual seats, to control the CabinView Audio Video on Demand (AVOD) system, lighting, window tinting, temperature, monitors, speakers and attendant call. Gulfstream's proprietary graphical user interface will be developed to be compatible with Android, iPhone, Windows 7 or any other industry standard. The GCMS is built on multiple networks with a 24-channel, fiber-optic backbone for routing audio, video and communications.
The controllers, switches and all other components also are wireless. They can receive commands, report status and communicate wirelessly should primary communications over the backbone break down. The system also can be serviced wirelessly aboard the aircraft via a laptop computer. Gulfstream calls this "cabin essential" technology. All key systems, including the GCMS, are designed with backups.
The airplane has a 100 percent fresh-air system that provides a 4,850-foot cabin altitude when flying at 51,000 feet and a 2,800-foot cabin altitude when cruising at 41,000 feet. Both forward and aft lavatories are independently vented.
The G650 mates its stylish, spacious and highly functional cabin to near-supersonic maximum cruise speeds. Earlier this year, the G650 set a speed record for business jets, making the trip from Washington, D.C., to Geneva, Switzerland, in 6 hours, 55 minutes, for a speed that averaged between Mach 0.90 and 0.92. It also flew from Los Angeles to Savannah, Ga., in just 3 hours, 26 minutes. The G650 has a maximum cruising speed of Mach 0.925, making it the world's fastest business jet.
Power on the G650 comes from a pair of 16,100-pound-thrust Rolls-Royce BR725 turbofans that reduce emissions and are 33 percent quieter than the engines on the G550, cutting noise levels to 17 decibels below Stage 4 standards. Estimated time between overhauls is 10,000 hours. Mechanics can access aircraft data and some systems wirelessly as well and the aircraft continuously transmits health usage and monitoring data to Gulfstream for trend monitoring and analysis, minimizing the odds of any unanticipated maintenance problem.
In the cockpit, the G650 features the latest digital controls, including fly-by-wire technology and enhanced- and synthetic-vision equipment for landing in the worst weather. While final performance numbers aren't yet available, Gulfstream expects the G650 to be able to use runways as short as 6,000 feet under heavy loads.
The G650 does have a large wingspan–almost 100 feet with its winglets–and that has created potential problems at one airport, Aspen, that bans models with wingspans of more than 95 feet. However, Gulfstream expects the aircraft to meet the 100,000-pound weight limit imposed at other airports, including Teterboro, N.J.
Thanks to its comfort and advanced technology, the G650 sets a new world standard. Thanks to its blistering speed, that world just got a little smaller.
Price: $64.5 million
Passengers: 8-18
Crew: 2-5
Range*: 7,000 nm
Maximum cruise speed: Mach 0.925
Cabin Lenth: 26 ft 10 in
Cabin Width: 8 ft 6 in
Cabin Height: 6 ft 5 in
Cabin Volume: 2,138 cu ft
*at long-range-cruise speed of Mach 0.85 with 8 passengers, 4 crew, NBAA IFR reserves.
Source: Gulfstream
The Citation X will be certified to Mach .935 so the G650 will no longer be the fastest certified aircraft.
We have booked a private jet to take us down to next year's Monaco Grand Prix. We booked with www.exclusivegp.com - after reading about the Gulfstream I feel we are 'slumming it' a little with a Lear!
We are looking at booking a gulfstream for a client visit with harbourfx.com in Sydney. Awesome aircraft.
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City needs tough stand
To the Editor:
If Fairmont wants to improve water quality, it will have to start with everyone owning lakeshore property and all residents who have storm water sewers that drain near their property.
Any nutritional organic product and fertilizers of any type affect the lakes. That is what the algae that thrives in your lakes eats.
Since Fairmont has decided to develop in such an aquatic area, it also needs to adopt a hard line, environmentally healthy approach to caring for its lakes.
Chad Nelson


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Four companies – Mitsubishi Electric Corp., Thomson Licensing, Toshiba Corp. and Warner Bros. Home Entertainment this week announced that they have commenced a worldwide joint licensing program beginning on March 1, 2010 for Blu-ray (BD) and DVD patents essential for Blu-ray products, including BD products that incorporate DVD functionality.
The license portfolio consists of BD and DVD patents, owned or controlled by the four companies, that are essential for BD products. Licenses for the portfolio will be available for products that comply with the specifications for the BD formats promulgated by the Blu-ray Disc Association. The potential licensees will benefit from one-stop shopping for the essential patents owned or controlled by the four companies, which will facilitate the development of the BD.
Interested parties are also free to negotiate separate license agreements, rather than taking a single portfolio license, with each of the four companies, which have committed to provide such licenses for their respective essential patents under fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms and conditions.
The companies have authorized Toshiba to act as licensor for the BD4C Licensing Group in licensing their essential BD patents for this joint licensing program.
Royalties under the terms of the portfolio license will be as follows:
Tags: Blu-ray


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Kevin Willis
Kevin Willis, 52, of Hector, NY died suddenly Sunday (March 10, 2013). He was employed with the New York State Department of Corrections. He is survived by three children: Colleen, Brian, and Patrick Willis; three sisters: Cheri Leonti, Donna Perry and Kathleen Reynolds; and his fiance Natalie Allen, formerly of Fredonia, NY. He was a companion to Natalie's three children: Harley Smith, Laura Allen and Austin Allen. Memorials may be made to the American Heart Association, P.O. Box 417005, Boston, MA. 02241-7005.


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Hall of Fame Nomination Form - Hall of Fame Inductees
The U.S. Bank/NM State Athletics Hall of Fame seeks to recognize New Mexico State University student-athletes, coaches, special benefactors, and teams who have distinguished themselves in the field of athletics, either by virtue of their performance on athletic teams representing the University, or by meritorious efforts on behalf of athletics.
The hall of fame is maintained thanks to the generous support of U.S. Bank.
In all, 90 former student-athletes are honored in the display including A.F. (Hooky) Apodaca, Lauro Apadaca and Jay Mechem, who were selected for outstanding accomplishments in two sports, football and men's basketball. In addition, 1991 inductee Gary Ward played both baseball and men's basketball, and 1993 inductee Bobby Humphrey played football and track & field.
Football has the largest number of indivdual inductees with 42 former players and coaches on the list followed by men's basketball (19), women's basketball (7), men's golf (7), baseball (6), women's golf (3), track & field (3), volleyball (2), softball (1), swimming & diving (1), rodeo (1) and gymnastics (1).
Student-Athlete: Any former New Mexico State University student-athlete with a distinguished intercollegiate career.
Coach: Any former New Mexico State University coach who has had a distinguished coaching career.
Benefactor: Any individual who contributed to the New Mexico State University Intercollegiate athletics program in a way to have been a great benefit to coaches and student-athletes. The contribution should not be solely financial in nature.
Team: Any former New Mexico State University team, sponsored by the Intercollegiate Athletics Department, which distinguished itself through achieving regional and national honors.
Athletic Director's Special Recognition: It may become appropriate, on occasion, to honor individuals who have garnered attention and favorable notice through their accomplishments while representing New Mexico State University and collegiate athletics in general. This honor is bestowed on those who have touched the lives of many throughout their professional careers.
The nominee, if a student-athlete, becomes eligible for consideration five years after the expiration of NCAA eligibility. The nominee must have demonstrated good citizenship both while in school and after leaving the University.
The nominee does not have to be a graduate of New Mexico State University. However, a former student or non-graduate should have performed meritorious service for or on behalf of the Intercollegiate Athletics program. The nominees, if a team, become eligible for consideration five years after the expiration of NCAA eligibility of all team members.
A maximum of three selections may be made per year from the categories of student-athlete, coach, and benefactor. Only one team selection may be made per year. The Director's Special Recognition will be at the discretion of the Athletics Director.
Anyone may submit nominations to the Athletics Hall of Fame Committee. The nominations must be made on the official nomination form, which is available from the NM State Athletics Media Relations Office and from US Bank.
The Committee shall meet and compose a ballot consisting of the nominees and previous nominees. The total list of names on the ballot will not exceed 20 from the categories of student-athlete, coach, and benefactor. The total list of teams on the ballot will not exceed 10.
The NM State Athletics Media Relations office shall provide, each year, a list of outstanding student-athletes in the graduating class five years prior, to the first full committee meeting. In addition, the Media Relations Office will keep an up-to-date list of all inductees and all others who have been given past consideration.
The committee will vote by ballot for selections to the Athletics Hall of Fame. Each committee member will vote for three inductees from the categories of student-athlete, coach, and benefactor, and for one team from the team category. The inductee must be selected by a two-third majority of the voting members of the committee.
The selection committee will meet in the early Fall of each year and the balloting will be conducted so that the inductees will be announced in the Fall.
A working committee will consist of: Director of Athletics or his/her designated representative, Sr. Associate Athletics Director/Operations, Assistant Athletics Director/Senior Woman Administrator, and Assistant Athletics Director/Media Relations.


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1817 Crowchild Tr. N.W.
Calgary, AB
Football in Calgary has a long tradition – like, a century long. It started in 1909, with a team called the Calgary Tigers, and the Calgary Stampeders have been scoring touchdowns here since 1945. From June to November, Calgarians flock to McMahon Stadium to cheer the team on (and maybe get in a tailgate party or two).
Head to the Stadium to catch some of the best rivalries in Canadian football, especially games between the Stamps and the Edmonton Eskimos or the Saskatchewan Roughriders – excitement among the fans is as much fun to watch as the game itself. And ticket prices? Totally reasonable for a pro sports outing! There are even "family friendly" zones in the stadium, so kids can enjoy themselves, too.
You can purchase tickets online via Ticketmaster, or by stopping in at McMahon Stadium's box office.
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Sunwarrior, Classic Protein, Sprouted & Fermented Raw Vegan Superfood, Chocolate, 35.2 oz (1 kg)
- You earn loyalty credit for every order you place at iHerb!
- Loyalty credit is equal to 5% of the value of your order, excluding shipping charges.
- Your loyalty credit will be applied towards your next order as soon as your current order has shipped.
- Your loyalty credits are valid for up to 60 days from the date of your last purchase.
This product is already in your Wish List.
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Expiration Date:?Aug 2018Expiration Date
The length of time for the expiration date or "best used before" date depends on the type of product, as well as the brand.
Perishable items (such as flax oils or certain probiotics) generally have shorter expiration dates. Although our warehouse is fully air-conditioned, these more fragile items are put in cold storage (freezer or refrigeration unit) for maximum freshness.
Our receiving department does its best to verify and then enter the correct expiration dates for all incoming products. However, discrepancies do occur from time to time. This being said, the exceptionally high turnover at iHerb ensures that our inventory is among the freshest in the industry.
Shipping Weight:?1.34 kgShipping WeightThe Shipping Weight includes the product, protective packaging material and the actual shipping box. In addition, the Shipping Weight may be adjusted for the Dimensional Weight (e.g. length, width & height) of a package. It is important to note that certain types of products (e.g. glass containers, liquids, fragile, refrigerated or ice packed) will often require protective packaging material. As such, these products will reflect a higher Shipping Weight compared to the unprotected product.
- Product Code: SUW-51489
- UPC Code: 718122514892
- Package Quantity: 35.2 oz (1 kg)
- Dimensions: 14.2 x 14.2 x 23.4 cm , 1.13 kg
- Complete Amino Acid Profile
- Soy Free
- Raw
- Gluten Free
- Non GMO
- Dairy Free
- Vegan
- Illuminate Body, Mind, and Planet
- Lysine & Leucine
- No Chemicals, Fillers, or Artificial Ingredients
- Pre & Post Workout
- Sustainable
Classic Protein uses low temperatures and enzymes to transform the whole grain of raw, sprouted brown rice into a plant-based protein rich in all the amino acids your body craves. Simple, wholesome, and natural, this is uncomplicated nutrition for your more complicated life.
Suggested Use
Mix, shake, or blend 1 scoop with 10 oz of your favorite beverage. Refrigerate and use prepared product same day. Keep package out of direct light and away from heat.
Other Ingredients
Raw whole grain brown rice protein, raw organic cocoa, natural flavor (vegan), chocolate extract, rice oligodextrin, stevia, xanthan gum, ancient sea salt, pectin.
As a natural product, color, texture, flavor, and other traits may vary. We always aim for perfection, but Nature likes variety and who are we to argue?
Consult your physician before beginning a dietary regime containing this product. Keep out of the reach of children. If you are nursing, pregnant, or considering pregnancy, you should consult your healthcare professional prior to using this product.
|Supplement Facts
|Serving Size: 1 Scoop (21 g)
|Servings per container: about 47
|Amount Per Serving
|% Daily Value*
|Calories from fat
|Total Fat
|0 g
|Saturated Fat
|0 g
|Trans Fat
|0 g
|0 mg
|45 mg
|Total Carbohydrate
|4 g
|Dietary Fiber
|2 g
|1 g
|16 g
|Vitamin A
|Vitamin C
|*Percent Daily Values (%DV) are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
**Daily Value not established
Complete Amino Acid Profile
Amount Per Serving
|784 mg
|1091 mg
|Aspartic Acid
|1456 mg
|384 mg
|Glutamic Acid
|2754 mg
|504 mg
|358 mg
|933 mg
|1456 mg
|819 mg
|368 mg
|701 mg
|976 mg
|787 mg
|760 mg
|250 mg
|656 mg
|963 mg
Fantastic taste and healthy alternative to Whey Protein!
Verified Purchase
Fantastic taste and healthy alternative to Whey Protein!
It's a raw, vegan protein powder that is actually silky smooth. Goes fantastically well in all kind of smoothies and I have experience more muscle gain and fat burn using this supplement than any whey protein on the market (and I have used over 6 different whey protein brands in the past). Try this for a fantastic after workout smoothie: 1.5 scoops of the powder (I use chocolate); 4-6 oz almond milk (or handful or raw almonds crushed); 2 oz water; + 1 tbsp Maca; 1 tbsp flaxseed; 1 tbsp chia seed; 1 banana; 4 dates. Blend till smooth, yumm!
Verified Purchase
it`s too sweet for me.
love it.
Posted by 5723661041120259881 on Jan 20, 2017
Using this for a few months and still love it.
Good all round protein shake
Posted by 4848278416773716001 on Sep 29, 2016
Mixes well and tastes good. I use it in smoothies with fruit, or just plain with water or almond milk. I'd recommend it as a protein supplement for vegans
Love this, quite expensive though.
Posted by easysimplevegan on Aug 25, 2016
The only negative aspect of this protein is the price, everything else is fantastic.
Tasteful and healthy
Posted by 5635624596919826892 on Jun 04, 2016
Great taste, perfect balanced ingredients and gluten, lactose and soya free, love it!
Good but too sweet
Posted by Reviewer3181481 on May 07, 2016
I found this powder to be quite tasty but, like a lot of other people, too sweet. I hope the manufacturer pays attention to the reviews and reduces the amount of stevia. Tastes almost like aspartame.


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What are the visa and passport requirements for travel to Bali and Komodo?
A passport, still valid for six months beyond projected stay, is required to enter Indonesia. A 30 day visa is issued upon arrival for $35USD for US or Canadian citizens. Visas must be paid for in US Dollars. No credit cards, Canadian dollars, travelers checks or personal checks will be accepted.
What inoculations are required for travel to Indonesia?
No vaccinations are required for travel to Bali & Komodo Island. The CDC recommends that travelers to Indonesia be up-to-date on vaccinations for measles/mumps/rubella (MMR), diphtheria/pertussis/tetanus (DPT), poliovirus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, typhoid and Japanese encephalitis. Malaria is found in Indonesia though the risk of contraction is small. Malaria is not found on the island of Bali but is in the islands of the cruise. Guests need to bring and use medication (NOT choloroquine). Consult your physician or health care provider for recommendations about health abroad and to ensure your routine vaccinations are up-to-date.
How active is IE's Bali to Komodo expedition cruise?
This trip requires a good amount of walking, hiking, stair climbing, and standing. Guests should be in reasonably good shape to enjoy this program fully. This program also includes a lot of water based activities. Snorkeling equipment is available onboard.
Is it safe to drink the water in Indonesia?
Water in Indonesia is not safe to drink, or even brush your teeth. IE guests will be provided with bottled or purified water on all tours, transfers, at all meals, and at each hotel.
What should I pack for my trip to Bali and Komodo?
IE's Bali expedition cruise is informal. In Bali, you can expect warm to hot days and cooler evenings. Shorts and t-shirts are appropriate for our tours and time at leisure, while you will want short-sleeves and slacks for group dinners. During our cruise, shorts and t-shirts are appropriate for all functions. The destinations we are visiting are informal places, with an easy lifestyle that demands little formality in terms of clothing. Along these lines, to respect local customs women should avoid wearing tight or revealing clothing. Shorts, quality T-shirts and/or polo-style shirts are ideal. Short sleeve button downs or pullovers are great too. Our adventure involves walks in the forest, where temperatures and humidity can take its toll. If you prefer to wear long pants and sleeves during excursions, ensure they are made out of very lightweight, breathable material. Jeans are good for cooler evenings but will be stifling during the heat of the day. You should wear a hat with a brim to protect yourself from the strong midday sun. Lightweight pants that zip off into shorts are perfect for a trip like this and really lighten your load in terms of luggage.
Footwear is very important. Good, sturdy footwear is needed for all excursions. You'll be spending time on city tours as well as in parks and rainforest. Rain, mud and generally humid conditions can get your shoes dirty while in the forest. It's a good idea to have a clean pair of shoes to wear for evenings and time not in the forest. Flip-flops or sandals are a good choice for time at the hotels and even on city tours. They are lightweight, inexpensive and slip on and off easily when visiting temples and other places that ask you to remove your shoes during your visit. Also, some coral is poisonous, in particular cone shells. Coral is also home to other poisonous creatures, generally harmless if left alone, and it is not recommended to swim or walk barefoot near coral.
Having a strong, medium-sized, waterproof daypack that can hold your daily needs (camera, sunscreen, hat, tissues, candy, etc) while on tour will be an indispensable asset during your trip. Guests should bring lightweight rain gear, keeping in mind that the heat makes heavy raingear very uncomfortable.
[1] http://www.ietravel.com/asia-pacific
[2] http://www.ietravel.com/sites/default/files/interiorheader/bali-snorkeling-v2.jpg