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This page describes how we use the Gerrit code review system along with Git.
For a very quick overview, watch the developing for couchbase introductory video.
Initial Account Setup
- Login using your favorite OpenID provider.
- Send me the email address you came in with so he can add you to the right gerrit group (otherwise you'll see only a couple or fewer fixes for review (these are likely open-source fixes)). A correctly enabled account should see lots of activity.
- While you wait for approval...
- Go through gerrit's Settings screen and set up your SSH keys. IMPORTANT: - do not forget to setup your username on the Settings screen.
- Again, the username setup in gerrit -> Settings -> SSH Keys (http://review.couchbase.org/#settings,ssh-keys) is important. Folks have been bitten for not doing the username setup while setting up SSH keys.
- And setup your contact information if you'd rather use a different Email address.
Initial Project Setup (for each project)
|This is not necessary if you intend to use repo. For a repo with membase quick start, please see the README in our repo manifest
Next, you'll need Change-Id's in all of your commit messages.
Just put the commit-msg script in .git/hooks of the repository you are working with and make sure it's executable. For example, you should have...
You can test that you've setup the commit-msg script correctly by doing a commit and then looking at the log. You should see a "Change-Id: I[hex]" line show up in your commit message text.
Add a gerrit remote in each project (or just clone the gerrit git URL and use "origin" instead of "gerrit").
git remote add gerrit ssh://review.membase.org:29418/(PROJECT_NAME).git
For example, if the project you're working on is ns_server, do...
git remote add gerrit ssh://review.membase.org:29418/ns_server.git
Code Workflow
|If you are using repo, please see the android docs to get started quickly.
Next, let's describe how you get your code up for review...
Basically, do a normal topic branch workflow.
- First, make sure you have a remote set up for gerrit
- git remote add gerrit ssh://review.membase.org:29418/[PROJECT_NAME].git
- For example: git remote add gerrit ssh://review.membase.org:29418/ns_server.git
- git fetch gerrit
- git remote add gerrit ssh://review.membase.org:29418/[PROJECT_NAME].git
- Create a branch.
- git branch bug_666 gerrit/[BRANCH_NAME]
- For example: git branch bug_666 gerrit/master
- git checkout bug_666
- git branch bug_666 gerrit/[BRANCH_NAME]
- Make all of the topic-specific changes on you branch.
- git push gerrit HEAD:refs/for/[BRANCH_NAME]
- For example: git push gerrit HEAD:refs/for/master
You should next go into the gerrit's web page for the change's and add reviewers. Otherwise, it's unlikely anyone will review your code. Adding a reviewer causes the change to show up in the reviewer's "Reviewable by me" list, and they also get an email.
Others will go and review your code (you can also request reviews specifically in the admin UI).
Review Workflow
It's good to learn the key combinations (hit ? anywhere), but in general, you can see all of the open changes by going to All -> Open and digging through them.
Phase 1: Reviewable
Dig around, look at things to review, and throw in your comments. You can comment on individual code lines.
Also, with regards to dependencies, if the fix you're reviewing depends on another fix, review the dependency first. That is, follow the dependency link trail until you hit a fix that has no dependencies. This helps ensure the right cherry-pick sequencing (gerrit does cherry-picking automatically for us if we do it right).
It takes two points for code to be acceptable. Everyone has two points to spend on a given change. Use them wisely.
Phase 2: Needs verification
You can do this at the same time as the review, but you have the ability to pull down the changes to test locally.
Phase 2.5: Rejected!
If your code was rejected, it's time for a fix and retry: Fix, rebase, repeat (the Change-Id will keep old comments in sync).
- git checkout my-rejected-topic-branch
- $EDITOR broken-file.erl
- # Rebase against the current upstream, fixup changes while maintaining Change-Id
- git rebase -i gerrit/[BRANCH_NAME]
- For example: git rebase -i gerrit/master
- git push gerrit HEAD:refs/for/[BRANCH_NAME]
- For example: git push gerrit HEAD:refs/for/master
The rebase session will begin with you in an editor that looks something like the one to the right:
At this point, your current patch should be replaced with the new, fixed up version.
Phase 3: Submit
Once the change is all verified, we can submit. We use cherry-pick, which means we need to be a bit careful to do this in order.
Once the submit is complete, the change will automatically show up on github, as we publish changes there too.
For a good primer on Gerrit:
Gerrit Code Review at Wikibooks
Commit Tips and Style Hints
- The best commit messages are like little blog posts.
- These can help to "sell" your commit to the community.
- Here's examples where the commit message was much longer than the actual fix, but provided useful context as those one-liner fixes can sometimes be very intricate...
- On style, don't have giant long lines, especially on your first summary line.
- The best commits, too, are just like UNIX Philosophy.
- The commit does one thing and does it well.
- That is, a giant commit will probably be need to be broken up into smaller, bite-sized, easier to-digest commits.


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Bullnose Rectangular Outdoor Bench Cushion
# 15738
Product Description
Our Bullnose Rectangular Bench Cushions coordinate perfectly with our stylish benches. We offer a variety of Sunbrella®, Outdura® and polyester fabrics. Sunbrella® and Outdura® are 100% solution-dyed acrylics. All our fabric options are resistant to UV rays, stains and mildew for long life and lasting color.
Product Details

subset: commoncrawl


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Is there any special gain in making a "red top pizza" or is it just a novelty? Seems like it could be wet and mushy :p
Yes I think there is something to gain...it won't be wet and mushy. Look at the beautiful crumbs those pizza's have...
Who doesn't like a ton of oil in their dough?


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New York City schools have reopened, but nothing is normal in hard-hit neighborhoods, writes Robert Pondiscio on Core Knowledge Blog. Citywide, 79 schools in 44 buildings have been relocated.
P.S. 333, the Goldie Maple Academy, is less than two blocks from the Atlantic Ocean in Queens' Rockaway Peninsula. A Core Knowledge school, it started the year with 578 students. Fewer than 30 children showed up for the first scheduled day of class since hurricane Sandy devastated the neighborhood and the school building. Even fewer made the 90-minute bus ride to a Long Island City intermediate school, which will house P.S. 333 students for a week.
P.S. 333's principal, Angela Logan, was not surprised. She can't even estimate how many of her school's families have left the neighborhood, for now or for good. "When you look around, you don't see people outside. There's no reason to come outside. The stores are all gone. There was a lot of looting and there's a curfew in place," she says.
Logan and her teachers are trying to reach parents who find out how many students plan on coming to the relocation site, which will change next week.
The storm surge flooded their own school's basement, destroying its boiler. Water damaged the first floor. Power may not be restored for weeks. It's one of 11 schools out of commission in the Rockaways.
P.S. 333, which serves low-income black and Hispanic students, was one of ten New York City schools that tested the Core Knowledge Language Arts program, posting such good results that the program is being used in school statewide.
(Core Knowledge) materials are still in the school in undamaged classrooms in the upper floors, but Logan and her staff are not able or even allowed to retrieve them. "The Department of Ed said we'll just purchase you new materials. I guess for them that's just easier," she fumed. "They have no idea we're a Core Knowledge school. I don't need Dr. Seuss books. I need the Romans and Greek books."
. . . With the loss of instructional time, the lack of continuity, and the disruption wrought by Sandy, Logan fears it will be a lost school year for many of her children, most of whom can ill afford it.
Eleven school buildings are closed in the Rockaways alone.
Gotham Schools reports on the challenge of getting displaced students to their new school sites. To start with, there aren't enough buses. Some schools were used as shelters for storm victims, who've been moved out to make room for students.


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I think it's interesting when an author takes a slightly different take on Succubi or Incubi. The better ones are those that mix a solid plot with great characters and, importantly, have a really intense story to tell… This work is one of those I think. Title: Inkubus Author: Sidonie Spice Publishing Date: October 3, 2011 Length: 42 …
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- 2015: A Review of The Naughty Witch's Command by Sinn Lee — The Naughty Witch's Command by Sinn Lee Succubi and Incubi do not, always, have the upper hand in a story. Often [...]
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- 2012: A Review of Dream Seductions: Kye and Rico by Celeste Hall — In July of 2011, I reviewed the first book in a series called Dream Seductions: Ethan by the author Celeste [...]
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- 2010: This Succubus Costume should be in the trash… — My search for a good Succubus costume has taken yet another turn for the trashy this week, but let's see [...]
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Shrimp Enchiladas with Mole
- 1/4 cup mole sauce (recommended: Dona Maria) or your favorite prepared mole sauce
- 2 tablespoons olive oil
- 1 small piece Mexican chocolate (about 1/4 of an individual round)
- 18 medium shrimp, peeled, tail removed
- 1 teaspoon kosher salt
- 1/2 teaspoon garlic powder
- 1/2 teaspoon sweet paprika
- 6 small jalapeno peppers
- 1 large white onion, peeled and sliced 1/4-inch thick
- 6 corn tortillas
- 1/2 cup shredded mozzarella
- 1 head romaine lettuce, sliced
- 1 tomato, sliced 14/-inch thick
- 1 cup crumbled Mexican queso fresco
- Chili de arbol powder, for garnish
- 1 lime, quartered
In an aluminum baking tray on a preheated grill, mix mole and olive oil together. Add the chocolate and cook until it melts, stirring frequently to keep the chocolate from scorching. Set aside and keep warm.
Toss shrimp with salt, garlic powder and paprika and grill until pink, 2 to 3 minutes per side. Remove shrimp from grill and chop into pieces. Grill jalapenos and onion slices until nicely marked and slightly softened.
Grill tortillas, turning, until they are warm and pliable. Dip each tortilla in the mole sauce to cover completely. Place some shrimp in each tortilla, roll up loosely, and set seam down in mole. Sprinkle the top with mozzarella cheese and grill, covered, until cheese melts.
Put 2 or 3 enchiladas on a serving plate, and top with sliced lettuce, grilled onions, tomatoes, and queso fresco. Sprinkle chili de arbol powder over the top, and serve with lime wedges and grilled jalapenos.
A viewer, who may not be a professional cook, provided this recipe. The Food Network Kitchens chefs have not tested this recipe and therefore, we cannot make representation as to the results.
Recipe courtesy of Alejandro Ramirez
Cooking Tips
More Recipes and Ideas
Lobster Enchiladas with Spicy Zucchini Sauce
Recipe courtesy of Susie Jimenez
Shortcut Chicken Enchiladas
Recipe courtesy of Food Network Kitchen


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Nobody's fault
[ places - july 10 ]
There exists a media stereotype of Africa as the continent of innocent populaces and terrible rulers. This stereotype hearkens back to the Noble Savage and other icons of historical racism. My own memories of Nigeria, where I was a Peace Corps volunteer in the mid-1960s, do not prompt a kindred binocular vision, a contrast between then and now. Certainly, that Tom-Brown era so soon after Independence (1960) has come to seem an optimistic, often happy time. Yet poverty, suffering and strife were already endemic, and the politicians were at each others' throats, wheeling and dealing for big slices of the post-colonial pie.
Not only should we avoid generalizing from press images of abjectly miserable victims crushed by heartless kleptocrats. We should also try not to let news items about mosquito nets and concerts for Darfur warm our liberal hearts and put our minds to sleep. Americans and Europeans who take the trouble to learn some basic facts about Africa have exciting roles to play in moving its postcolonial history, which, by historical standards, is still very short. Even those not in a position to join the growing numbers of mostly young people working for NGOs across the continent can become advocates and supporters of useful programs, such as local small-business initiatives (micro-lending) and measures that ameliorate suffering by, for instance, providing clean water and, yes, mosquito nets. Informed advocacy can also steer our own governments' policy makers in useful directions.
Our preconceptions about Africa, stemming from our political perspectives and from the big news stories, are often wrong. A George W Bush-hater, I was brought up short at a panel discussion on Liberia by Rev Samuel R Enders, Executive Director, Liberian Dream Academy, who informed the audience that in Liberia, Bush is a hero, the world leader who finally chased the murderous military ruler Charles Taylor into exile.
Or consider Darfur. Howard W French, former West African Bureau Chief of The New York Times, recently reviewed Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War On Terror, by Mahmood Mamdani, a scholar at Columbia University. Without excusing the Sudanese government's role in creating two-and-a-half million refugees from this region, Mamdani's book also asks readers to consider less-known aspects of the well-known conflict. These include geographical change, such as desertification; colonial policies that laid the ground for, then sparked, conflict among ethnic groups; the misconception, which feeds into current stereotypes about terrorism, that Darfur is an Arab-African conflict; and the inconsistencies and injustices of the International Criminal Court, which recently labeled Sudanese President Bashir a war criminal, but has ignored more blatant, clear-cut cases of genocide, such as in Professor Mamdani's native Uganda, ruled for the last 23 years by a new breed of Big Man, and an American friend, Yoweri Mouseveni. All these complicating factors should pull the fair-minded reader toward a more nuanced view of Darfur. As French's review concludes:
Mr Mamdani's constant refrain is that ... virtuous indignation ... about Darfur is no substitute for greater understanding, without which outsiders have little hope of achieving real good in Africa's shattered lands.
Even a passing knowledge of modern-day Africa should include, for instance, an awareness of the huge range of accomplishment among its leaders, from notable successes, to relative successes, relative failures, and all the way down to the basket cases, the heads of failed states. Among those at the top of the table are Nelson Mandela and, less known, the capable and honest presidents of Liberia, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, and of Ghana, John Atta-Mills, and his very similar predecessor, John Kufuor. At the bottom since independence have been, for example, the notorious Idi Amin and the self-styled Emperor Bokassa, a ruler of the Central African Republic who wrecked his country and was convicted of ordering the massacre of 100 schoolchildren (but cleared of rumors that he had eaten some). The middle ranks are crowded. Perhaps, Ethiopia's Meles Zenawi, a plausible, tyrannical technocrat, belongs there. And where do you put Rwanda's Paul Kagame, who has gone from leading murderous military incursions into the Democratic Republic of Congo (DCR), to leading his country back from its own hideous genocide and far along the road to economic reconstruction and ethnic reconciliation? (More on these last two later.)
A nuanced view of the continent can also benefit from a contrast of extremes, for the causes of extreme success and failure are potential blueprints for progress. Take the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the Republic of Botswana, similar in one notable respect - vast mineral wealth - but as different as imaginable with regard to the interlocking issues of leadership, ethnicity, corruption, and economic development.
The Congolese Big Man in question was, like many, a fascinating figure. This colossus bestrode his vast nation (905,000 square miles) for 32 years (1965-1997). Like his Roman prototype, Mobutu (1930-97) was a soldier who marched to the rescue during an acute crisis in his nation's history, then refashioned that nation by force of his own titanic will.
In 1965, Mobutu's coup seemed inevitable, for it grew out of a period of chaos that he dubbed la pagaille - the shambles. What made Congolese leadership so weak and thin in 1960, the point of Independence? The centerpiece of the colonial era had been the atrociously exploitative Belgian rule of Leopold II, aka 'The King Incorporated'. * Ideological window dressing for the proto-Fascist colonie belge, popularly dubbed "Bula Matari," or "he who breaks rocks," was provided by the Catholic Church, which had also emphasized primary education to such a degree that in 1960, very few Congolese had any higher education. Ironically, as Mobutu's own powerful state would become more and more dysfunctional, one of the myths which propped it up was that education, tattered but still chugging along, thanks in large part, still, to the Church, provided a glimmer of hope for an otherwise desperate citizenry. This has been one of the most durable myths across post-Independence Africa. The Church had also weakened traditional rule, regarding the chiefs as cultural and religious foes.
Subsequently caught short by the groundswell of mid-20th century nationalist movements, and thinking to 'retain' good will, Belgium acceded to demands for Independence much too fast (1958-60). Not only did this foreign relations ploy fail woefully, but the lack of resistance to Independence meant there was no forging of even temporary unity within the disparate groups that comprised the leadership. Almost immediately, the army mutinied, then collapsed, and Belgian officers, civil servants, scientists, and businessmen all fled.
Within the Independence movement was a very radical element, notably including Patrice Lumumba, a fiery 31-year-old with no international experience, other than having skilfully played off Belgian factions against each other during the Independence push. As soon as he was elected Prime Minister, Lumumba tried this tactic with the US, the USSR and China. The effect was disastrous, in large part because President Eisenhower did not countenance neutrality. Subsequent events are quite well-known. Our covert agencies went after Lumumba, not actively trying to assassinate him, but assisting (as did Belgium) the Katangan secession that rapidly led to his murder (1961). There followed the corrupt dual regime of President Joseph Kasavubu and Prime Minister Moise Tshombe, who had led the secession. Under their ineffectual, bickering government, corruption, external threats, and ethnic strife quickly spiraled into chaos, la pagaille. 1965: enter Mobutu, in a virtually unopposed military coup.
In the first years of his reign, Mobutu made Herculean efforts to clean up la pagaille. Almost immediately, he outlawed all political parties: he would be the State, and his party, the Mouvement Populaire de la Revolution (MPR), the party. Mobutu was a gifted manipulator, organizing elections in the one-party democracy with great tactical shrewdness, and moving his erstwhile fellow-leaders in and out of office in ways that enhanced his personal power. He took draconian measures to root out corruption - by all but his own minions - and to refashion multiple ethnic identities into a single national identity.
Mobutu was also a master manipulator of the symbols of power. In the afro-centric spirit of the 1960s, the name of the country was changed from Congo to Zaire, which kept the connection with the great river. ('Zaire' comes from the Kikongo nzai, a form of nazdi, or 'river'.) Even his own birth name, Joseph-Desirée Mobutu, was decolonized to "Mobutu Sese Seko," a shortened form of the praise name, "Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu wa za Banga," which roughly means "the all-conquering warrior who triumphs over all obstacles." Which, for a while, he did.
Mobutu's need for afro-creds or, as he called it, "authenticité," was sharp. In the early years, he was widely regarded in the third world as being hand-in-glove with the colonial and neo-colonial forces that continued to loot the country's mineral treasure. Draconian economic reform became a key to authenticité. In 1974, he nationalized the extractive, and related, industries and set in motion vast development schemes. In the process, he reinvented himself from crony capitalist to third-world hero, quickly becoming an eminent, distinctively costumed, ultra-African figure on the world stage. One of many symbolic high points came in 1974, when he hosted "the rumble in the jungle." Another detail illuminates the stagy paternalism of his rule. In his travels around the country, he would carry large amounts of cash, dollops of which he would dispense on the spot for local projects. Thus did the public purse become his own, and thus was his ultimate responsibility for venial, incompetent local administrators blurred. For a while, Mobutu was a national hero, the incarnation of bula matari, but an indigenous incarnation.
Within a decade, however, the regime began to collapse, and by the end, its legacy was a gigantic failed state. Bit by bit, pushed by internal and external forces and by his own hubristic mistakes, Mobutu was forced to undo every major reform. Even under "Zaireanization," there was almost no trickle down: the revenues were used largely to ballast the hegemonic state. In 1977, in the face of gross mismanagement and a catastrophic fall in the world price of copper, he was forced to de-nationalize the industries. Still in the 1970's, and then into the 1980's, he tried to woo back foreign investment, but there were no takers, so the country defaulted on its massive debt. In 1977, humiliatingly, the army could not defend Congolese borders from Angolan incursion without the help of foreign troops. As Mobutu's popularity shrank, party politics crept back in, and in 1991, when the army rioted in Kinshasa, the capital, he was forced to share power. And all the while, as the country grew desperately poor, he grew richer and richer.
By 1997, Mobutu's time was belatedly over. In nudging the kleptocratic, failed leader, who was by then terminally ill, to relinquish power, US Presidential emissary Bill Richardson dispensed with the kid gloves with which everyone had handled the increasingly megalomaniacal dictator for decades:
"...you are living in a dreamland, pal. You've got a bunch of advisors who are not telling you the truth. You are out. Do you want to leave with dignity or as a carcass?"
In Mobutu's defense, the forces with which he grappled were titanic. Congolese history keeps coming back to geography. Not only is the country huge, diverse, and inhospitable to infrastructure, but even its immense wealth has been a source of continuous misery. From slaves, to rubber, through gold, diamonds, copper, and on to the columbite-tantalite, or coltan, an essential mineral in cell phones, the country's blessing of resources has been its curse, implicated in millions of deaths. This is a well-known, tragic African paradox.
A Yoruba proverb suggests the equation of people with money: "mo lowo, mo leniyan, ki lo tun ku ti mi o tii ni?" (I have money, I have people, what else is there that I have not got?) Ever since Leopold ruled the so-called Congo Free State as his personal fiefdom (1885-1908), that proverb could have served as the motto for the pirates who have mercilessly looted the nation. As it had been for Belgium, the motive for the Katangan secession during the First Republic was to grab resources. In the next era, Mobutu wound up with personal wealth estimated at $4 billion. And so it remains today. Katanga and Kasai have 60 per cent of the mineral wealth, and since the 1960s this region has remained one of the two epicenters of chaos, the other being North and South Kivu, in the east, where ethnicity and minerals have brewed their own particularly lethal cocktail.
The DRC is one of Africa's most ethnically diverse and ethnically complex countries. People in the West think of Hutu and Tutsi as Rwandans, and perhaps, if they know more, as Burundians. But, in eastern Congo, the two groups comprise a single entity, the Banyarwanda, who (like the Pygmy) represent a large minority. Within the Banyarwanda, the majority are Hutu, but, as in Rwanda, the Tutsi have been historically dominant. In addition to a large indigenous component, the Banyarwanda include immigrants who have come in several waves. The whole group, cattle-raisers, have long been involved in conflicts, often over land, both internally and with their neighbors. These conflicts have been fueled by shifting laws governing Congolese ethnicity and citizenship.
By the start of Leopold's regime, many Banyarwanda had already been living in the Congo for centuries. In 1960, at Independence, they could vote, but not hold office. Under Mobutu, for a time the group fared better. By the terms of a 1991 law, they became full Congolese citizens, but, as Mobutu's regime collapsed, terrible, simmering ethnic conflict erupted. With the violence that engulfed eastern Congo in the mid-1990s, the citizenship noose was once again tightened. When thousands of Hutu fled from Tutsi-controlled Rwanda in 1994, their refugee camps were placed among already-settled Hutus, blurring "the ethnic calculus of regional politics." * The DRC government supported the Hutu, driving many Tutsi (including Congolese Tutsi) into Rwanda. A law was passed in 1995 revoking Congolese citizenship for all Tutsi. There followed land seizures and other acts of violence against the group, both by local Hutu militias and by the lawless, usually unpaid Congolese army.
In 1996-97, Tutsi forces, some native to the Congo, others invaders from Rwanda, augmented by forces from Uganda and Angola, captured much of the east. In 1996, these fighters attacked still-armed elements among the one million Hutu refugees in UN camps in eastern Congo, from which havens they had been raiding into Rwanda. The Hutus were massacred or themselves chased back into Rwanda. In May 1997, the coalition captured Kinshasa, the capital.
To make the invasion seem a war of liberation, with American approval, Mobutu was replaced by Laurent Kabila, a Congolese revolutionary leader left over from the 1960s, and a Luba from Katanga, rather than a Tutsi. Zaire was renamed the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Kabila quickly, widely and correctly came to be regarded as the puppet of foreign armies. As soon as he felt secure, however, he boldly tried to kick these armies out. In reaction, Rwanda re-invaded from the east, leading to another round of war, now against Kabila, who found support in Angola, Zimbabwe, and other neighboring countries. The upshot was a stalemate by which Congo essentially became two countries, the east and the rest. Initial carnage was followed by a treaty and elections -and by a new outbreak of war.
In 2001, Kabila was murdered, reportedly by a bodyguard, and succeeded by his son Joseph, who is a client of the US and the EU. In 2004, the law was liberalized again, this time to give citizenship to anyone in the country at the point of Independence (1960), but this meant the continued exclusion of recent refugees. In 2006, a fairly democratic election gave 58 per cent to the party of Joseph Kabila, who is still trying to consolidate a new democratic dictatorship.
The situation in eastern Congo remains bewilderingly complex and horrific. As debate continues in Kinshasa, so does the fighting in North and South Kivu. Government weakness and ongoing legal ambiguity over the status of the Banyarwanda keep the situation volatile. As is so often the case in anarchic war zones, women are the targets of the most heinous atrocities. Both the army and the numerous ethnic militias continue to use rape, mutilation, and murder as means to make people flee their villages, after which minerals can be more conveniently looted.
Since 1995, directly and indirectly from all the fighting, an estimated five million Congolese have died, the large majority in the east. This is the greatest slaughter inflicted on the human race since World War II. Whose fault would you say it is?
Consider, in stark contrast, Botswana. In a sense, this country has led a charmed life. After the Berlin conference of 1884-85 set in motion the scramble for Africa, the British feared that the German colony of South West Africa would join the independent Boers in the Transvaal (part of South Africa) to swallow their smaller, weaker neighbor. So the British formed an alliance with Tswana and Ngwato chiefs in what became the Protectorate of Bechuanaland. This alliance proved a durable marriage of convenience. Tswana and Ngwato lands, and later the whole Protectorate, were successfully shielded, and, through the British South Africa (BSA) Company, Botswana became a lynchpin in the development of British commercial interests across the region. Like other durable marriages, this one involved give-and-take:
... white settlement remained restricted to a few border areas, after an attempt to hand it [the Protectorate] over to the BSA Company was foiled by a delegation of three Tswana kings to London in 1895. The kings, however, had to concede to the company the right to build a railway to Rhodesia through their lands.
Thus, the arrangement was imperfect. Until the 1950s, the Protectorate was, in large measure, a rather stagnant economic appendage of South Africa: Short-lived attempts to reform administration and to initiate mining and agricultural development in the 1930s were hotly disputed by leading Tswana chiefs, on the grounds that they would only enhance colonial control and white settlement.
In the 1950s, an Independence movement formed around a Big Man very different from Mobutu, one of the Ngwato chiefs, Seretse Khama. This movement was widely supported by other, venerable chiefs, including Tswana. A new administrative capital was built at Gaborone, Independence was granted in 1966, and Seretse Khama founded the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) and became Prime Minister. When, in 1967, diamonds were discovered, economic dependence on Britain quickly ended, and, under the leadership of Seretse and his successors, the new nation took its place among the polity of progressive nations:
From 1969 onwards Botswana began to play a more significant role in international politics, putting itself forward as a non-racial, liberal democratic alternative to South African apartheid. From 1974 Botswana was, together with Zambia and Tanzania, and joined by Mozambique and Angola, one of the Front Line States' seeking to bring majority rule to Zimbabwe, Namibia and South Africa.
Meanwhile, Botswana resisted economic pressures from the neighboring apartheid regime, until the tide shifted and the huge, erstwhile potentially threatening neighbor was transformed, at last, from a racist police state to a mostly benign democracy, currently focused on solving its own huge internal problems.
Power in Botswana has passed from leader to leader in an orderly fashion. In 1980, Seretse Khama died and was succeeded as President by his deputy since 1965, vice-president Quett (aka Sir Ketumile) Masire. Then, in 1998, Masire retired, and was, in turn, succeeded by his own Vice-President, Festus Mogae. Recently, the main opposition party, the Botswana National Front (BNF), which began to approach parity with the ruling BDP in the elections of 1994, has been split in half by a leadership dispute. But elections have all been fair and free from violence. The current ruler is Ian Khama, Seretse's second child and first son, and an erstwhile military man.
One cause of modern Botswana's history of generally enlightened rule may be that Seretse Khama, Quett Masire, and a number of the other founders were graduates of a progressive Christian school of social work located at Tiger Kloof [Ravine], in South Africa. Whatever the causes, the leaders have generally used their popularity and energies to serve the nation. Having enjoyed annual growth rates as high as 12-13 per cent, Botswana efficiently manages mineral exploitation and other enterprises. According to the most recent figures available (2007), the country boasts a rich-world unemployment rate of 7.5 per cent. Drought relief has been relatively effective, and welfare services have been extended to the poorest. The use of local judicial mechanisms reduces strain on the courts.
No African country is, of course, completely immune to problems. Over the last decade, there have been signs of fraying in the democratic fabric. Some stem from prolonged reliance on what could be called a democratic oligarchy, or even a democratic dynasty. The current global economic slump has also disproportionately affected Botswana, because that quintessential luxury item, the diamond, comprises about two-thirds of its exports. In 2008, corporate debt at Debswana, a joint venture of the government with De Beers, stood at $22 billion, which was more than the estimated value of the company ($20 billion). In the longer term, however, diamonds will, no doubt, prove a hardy perennial. But even before the downturn, despite an estimated 4.8 per cent GDP growth rate in 2007, as in so many of the world's growing economies, inequality in Botswana was as bad as it had ever been, and perhaps even worse. By the 1990s, public safety had also become a greater issue than even 10 years before. In the 1970s, it was a point of pride that the country got by without a regular army, relying solely on border police, but by the 1990s the military was receiving an ever-growing share of resources.
Then, of course, there is the elephant in the room, HIV/AIDS. Yes, Botswana has had by far the highest per capita level of expenditure on HIV/AIDS treatment in southern Africa. But the percentage of the population infected with HIV is the highest in all of Africa. The implications for the nation's future are unimaginable.
From this stark contrast between two African extremes, what conclusions can be drawn that might apply to some, at least, of the continent's 50-some other countries (in which over 800 languages are spoken)? Across the continent, ethnicity remains a thorny problem, the ultimate source of which is the map created by distant, arbitrary, self-interested colonial powers. Botswana is favored by size - unlike the DRC, it is a manageable entity - and, in some sense, by ethnicity: the Tswana are the dominant ethnic group, but rule is shared with the Ngwato, and the country has not suffered destructive ethnic conflict. But even Botswanan ethnicity poses a smaller problem of its own, and an ironic one, given the enlightened policies the government has pursued.
The leaders have "avoided the manipulation of ethnicity for political objectives." For instance, neither the Tswana nor the indigenous minority (5,000 of 1,000,000), the Baswarwa ("Bushmen"), have special rights - or protections. Although these policies have put Baswaran lands and livelihood at risk, certain of these lands are, in fact, reserved to them. At places where their people cluster, services such as water, transportation, and education are provided. But these provisions have led to the extinction of wildlife, and because the Baswara have been nomadic hunters ever since the Stone Age, as they cluster around points of service, their culture is also fast disappearing. These nagging issues are currently under litigation.
That sounds like a fairly mild problem. In countries such as the DRC, where ethnicity has been instrumental in creating chaos and catastrophe, it is of paramount importance to develop inclusive, enforced legal definitions of citizenship. Without such measures, sections of the population will continue to be deprived of fundamental human rights, and the nation will never really be a nation. If the groups in question are cross-border ethnicities, imperfect laws will also remain a cause, or excuse, for incursions by powerful neighbors - especially where booty is involved.
A second, perhaps obvious conclusion from my contrast of two nations is that, instead of looting resources, good governments use them to establish viable economic development programs. They build roads, hospitals, schools, clean water systems, electricity grids, and so on. In many post-Independence African nations, including the leading oil producers, Nigeria, Angola, and Equatorial Guinea, kleptocrats have usurped revenues and derailed, or made a mess of, infrastructure and other development projects. In the DRC, a half-century of chaotic conflict, grandiose, ill-conceived schemes, and indifference to the populace has meant the decay of agriculture, negative growth in real income, and negligible infrastructure development.
In South Africa, Botswana, and elsewhere, wealth has been channeled into substantial development. But, even in these more successful cases, development plans and policies have been fraught with problems. As writer Norman Rush, who, with his wife, Elsa, was Botswana Peace Corps Co-Director from 1979-83, and who has since re-visited the country several times, observes about local development projects:
Getting the balance right between bottom-up top-down is one of the stress lines in these projects. NGOs, their contacts and representatives among the local leaderships, locals, the government, and the basic memberships of the projects often have different and conflicting interests and agendas. NGOs need to impress their funders by demonstrating measurable progress according to listed criteria... the liaison group among the local leadership has an interest in contriving an appearance of meeting the NGO criteria, with which they are intimately familiar... the government wants to see benefits flowing particularly to its supporters in and around the projects... the membership in the projects is of course stratified, and those who can will tend to work to benefit themselves and their families rather than collectivizing the fruits of a group effort.
One way in which this bottom-up top-down problem, generic to development projects in capitalist economies, has been addressed in Botswana is the enterprise known as the Brigades Movement, pioneered by now elder-statesman Patrick van Rensburg, who was one of Rush's principal models for Nelson Denoon, the hero of his 1991 novel, Mating. Van Rensburg's work was based on his perception that the dream of upward mobility in what he calls "the formal sector" was a tease to most of Botswana's primary-school graduates and other poor, unemployed people. Taking the name "Brigades" from Kwame Nkrumah, and his inspiration and many ideas from Julius Nyerere, van Rensburg set up an ambitious, egalitarian training and employment program designed to serve the cause of rural development in a poor, developing nation by moving the populace toward boiteko, or self-help (in Setswana). When, in 1981, the Right Livelihood Award was conferred on van Rensburg, his work was summarized as follows:
...van Rensburg took up residence in Bechuanaland, now Botswana, of which he became a citizen in 1973. There he founded the Swaneng Hill School, and, following its success, two other schools in association with the Botswana government, as well as the Swaneng Consumers Cooperative and the Brigades Movement. ... Van Rensburg's education approach was radically different from usual practice. The school was seen as a centre of development and thereby of better learning. The curriculum included practical subjects like agriculture, building, carpentry, metalwork, technical drawing and typing. ...In an effort to bring schools within the reach of ordinary people, costs were lowered by the Brigades, which were self-help education and training organisations producing goods and services both for themselves and for public sale to help finance teaching and training.
But just as no country is perfect, neither is any model of development. The Brigades sound like a Socialist utopia (and Rush so depicted Denoon's program in his novel Mating). Over time, many Botswanans have rejected the Brigades model in favor of schools with a traditional, more prestigious academic curriculum that, rightly or not, they see as their ticket to wealth and power. (This is the same dream to which the Congolese clung during Mobutu's latter days.) In 2007, van Rensburg, by then 75 and Director of a Brigades offshoot called the Foundation for Education with Production, hailed the full, final takeover by the government of his program. But, since then, the government has begun to "rationalize" the Program, or, as we would say in the US, to "downsize" it. The Brigades are a good example of how even Africans of good will continue to struggle with problems such as development.
A final broad implication of the Congo-Botswana contrast is that any African country can begin to solve its problems if and when it musters effective leadership. Nowadays, good governance is beginning to seem more widely attainable across the continent than it was even a decade ago. Historically, the lions of uhuru (freedom, or Independence) left very different legacies. For instance, Nkrumah built a foundation for Ghanaian economic development and national unity, whereas Nigeria's Nnamdi Azikiwe and Obafemi Awolowo's unwillingness to share power set the stage for a half-century of corruption and regional and ethnic division. Today, hope can be seen even in countries that have suffered recent, traumatic conflict comparable to Congo's. The jury is out regarding Joseph Kabila, but in Rwanda and Liberia, as mentioned, relatively able leaders have been moving their people in positive directions.
One-party democracies and presidents for life may be jokes in the West, but in Africa they sometimes work, serving the people, although sometimes, of course, they prove disastrous. We might even hope that the African policies of our new leaders in the US will be more nuanced than those of their predecessors. I partly share President Obama's sweeping vision of possible change in Africa. As he put it in Accra on July 11, 2009:
Across Africa, we have seen countless examples of people taking control of their destiny, and making change from the bottom up... Make no mistake: history is on the side of these brave Africans, and not with those who use coups or change Constitutions to stay in power. Africa doesn't need strongmen, it needs strong institutions...
A fine sentiment, and an excellent point about laws and institutions, but I think our own strong leader may be overstating the uselessness of strong leadership. He may be failing to recognize the emergence of a new type of Big Man, now that one of the very last of the old ones, Omar Bongo, who kept his boot on the heads of the Gabonese people for 40 years, has died.
In June, 2009, Ethiopian troops resumed earlier, failed incursions into Somalia to support the sitting government against radical Islamist rebels. In so doing, the Ethiopians were also supporting American policy. Meles Zenawi, the Prime Minister, is perceived by western governments and the western press as a technocrat and democrat, exactly the kind of man we want in power. However, according to Abiye Teklemariam, executive editor of the country's leading dissident newspaper, Addis Neger ('New Thing'):
This government sees itself as a modern, democratic government ... but there is a gap between what it says it is and what it really is. Our leader has a self-effacing, thoughtful, measured manner that he assumes internationally, in English. He claims to be a mere spokesman for his party and people, and doesn't go out of his way to demonize the opposition. But ...all the so-called independent elements in the Ethiopian government do what he says. He sounds a lot different in Amharic, arrogant and snarky.
If, in fact, the US egged Zenawi into the latest Somalian incursion, we did so partly because that country seems to have such weak leadership. Our policymakers are faced with difficult choices in Africa, in part because our leverage in the affairs of the continent is not, for better or worse, what it used to be.
The map at the start of this essay shows 50-some countries, from Algeria to Zimbabwe, and their dates of independence from mostly European masters. Aside from five - four small islands still governed from Europe, and Western Sahara, governed by Morocco - every country in Africa is now independent, and almost every one has gained its independence since Ghana led the first big wave on March 6, 1957. Seen together, the failures and successes of Africa over this half-century provide a blueprint for a possibly better future, both for single countries and in aggregate.
It is facile and racist to blame either the continent's post-Independence leadership or its erstwhile masters for all of its failures, or to see these failures as permanent. After all, how long did it take Italy and Germany to become viable, democratic nations? For that matter, how far had the US come as a nation by the 1820s, and, even today, where is Russia? Conversely, it is unhelpful to see Africa without its warts, and to regard something called "the African spirit" as somehow the pinnacle of human spiritual possibility. To envision a real, possible future for Africa, its well-wishers should begin by looking at its real past and present.
Special thanks
Mohamed Keita, Committee to Protect Journalists, for introducing me to Abiye Teklemariam. Bronwen Manby, Africa Governance Monitoring and Advocacy Project (AfriMAP), an initiative of the Open Society Institute, for use of unpublished material on ethnicity issues in Botswana.
Works cited
Ascherson, Neal. The King Incorporated: Leopold the Second and the Congo. Allen & Unwin, 1963.
BBC Online. Congo timeline
French, Howard W "The Darfur the West Isn't Recognizing as It Moralizes About the Region," New York Times, March 30, 2009, a review of Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror, by Mahmood Mamdani, Pantheon Books, 2009
---- A Continent for the Taking: The Tragedy and Hope for Africa. Alfred A Knopf, 2004.
Gettleman, Jeffrey, "In Congo, with Rebels Now at Bay, Calm Erupts," NY Times, March 4, 2008, p A6
Herbert, Bob. "The Invisible War," New York Times, Feb. 21, 2009, p A28.
Index Mundi: Botswana Unemployment Rate
Manby, Bronwen. Struggles for Citizenship in Africa (African Arguments series). Zed Books, 2009, forthcoming.
---- "Indigenous People," chapter written on Botswana, but not included in Struggles for Citizenship in Africa.
Obama, President Barack. "A New Moment of Promise," address to the Parliament of Ghana, www.whitehouse.gov/.../President-Obama-Speaks-in-Ghana/
Parsons, Neil. University of Botswana History Department. A Brief History of Botswana.
Martin, Dr H Gayle. A Comparative Analysis of the Financing of HIV/AIDS Programmes in Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland and Zimbabwe.
Pandey, Sid N and Fazlur R Moorad, "Decolonization of Curriculum in Botswana," International Handbook of Curriculum Research, ed. William F. Pinar. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, New Jersey, 2003.
Right Livelihood Award (presentation speech), 1981.
Singer, Ron. "Conversations with a Continent: Congo," quoting Professor Herbert F Weiss, a panel discussion co-sponsored by the 92nd Street Y and by The Museum for African Art, New York, NY; and 'Conversations with a Continent, Liberia (two of eleven)', nth position online magazine.
--Interviews with Patrick van Rensburg and James Radipotsane, Director, Dept Of Technical Education And Training, Ministry Of Education, Botswana, March, 2010.
--"Politics and the Press in Ethiopia: An Interview with Journalist Abiye Teklemariam," The Faster Times, Dec. 15, 2009: http://thefastertimes.com/world/2009/12/15/politics-and-the-press-in-ethiopia-an-interview-with-journalist-abiye-teklemariam/
---- "Talking (Again) With Norman Rush," Returned Peace Corps Volunteer Writers & Readers, March, 2001, and March 13, 2009 email correspondence with N.R.
----"Turning Pain to Power in the Congo," unpublished notes from Eve Ensler's interview with Congolese surgeon, Dr Denis Mukwege, at the 92nd Street Y, Feb 11, 2009.
van Rensburg, Patrick. Report from Swaneng Hill: Education and Employment in an African Country. Dag Hammerskjold Foundation, Stockholm, 1974.
-- The Serowe Brigades: Alternative Education in Botswana. Bernard van Leer Foundation, The Hague, 1978.
Werdigier, Julia, "Diamond Sales and Prices Plunge in Downturn, "The New York Times, Feb. 21, 2009, p B4
Young, Crawford and Thomas Turner, The Rise & Fall of the Zairean State. University of Wisconsin Press, 1985.
Nobody's Fault was the original title of Charles Dickens' novel, Little Dorrit.


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UTSA Baseball Ticket Information
UTSA students get into ALL home events for FREE with a valid student identification card
Important links
· NEW: Game-day stadium policies
· Ticket office information
· Buy tickets now
· UTSA campus map
· Join the UTSA Athletics mailing list
Season Ticket Information
Price (all seats general admission)
· General public: $45
Single-Game Ticket Information
· Click here to buy tickets now
Roadrunner Field prices (all seats general admission)
· Adults: $7
· Juniors (ages 3-18)/Seniors (ages 60+)/Military: $5
Wolff Stadium infomation
For baseball games played at Wolff Stadium, all tickets will be sold through the Wolff Stadium box office (located on the first-base side of the stadium), which is open from 10 a.m.-4:30 p.m. Monday-Friday. Tickets can be purchased on game days from the third-base ticket booth 60 minutes prior to first pitch and all seats are general admission. Click here for directions and you can contact the ticket office at (210) 675-7275.
Wolff Stadium prices (all seats general admission)
· Adults: $8
· Juniors (ages 3-18): $6
· UTSA students: $3 (with valid UTSA student identification card)
Group Ticket Information
Pricing (15 or more/all seats general admission)
· General public: $4
Baseball groups also will receive …
· An announcement of group name during game
· An opportunity for a group member to throw first pitch before game
· "Field of Dreams," having your team on the field for the National Anthem with the UTSA players, also is available (one group per game can do this and kids must be in uniform)


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Here's how RW members rated this race in the past (589 votes).
In short: Best race of the year!! Definitely will return in 2012!!!!In full: Everything about this race is top notch! From the friendly marshalls at the start, to the fantastic course, gorgeous scenery, fun fancy dress, and goodies galore at the finish - mug, medal, top with everyone's name on, cheese roll and hot soup!!! Perfect!!! Thanks so much Dr Rob and his crew. Can't wait for next time!!!Date of review: January 16, 2011
In short: Brilliant must learn to love the hillsoreDate of review: January 15, 2011
In short: My first knacker cracker and the toughest race I've ever done but still loved it. In full: Very tough. But it's an institution. Brilliant costumes and some good banter. Impossible to run the whole way because it's too steep and on this occasion dangerously slippery too. Very enjoyable though. Strongly recommended to chase away the New year's day hangover.Date of review: January 14, 2011
Date of review: January 14, 2011
In short: 3rd year for me and still a special race. Highlight was the Grim reaper attacking the Morris Men with his scythe!Date of review: January 7, 2011
In short: Fantastic - a Triiumph !In full: It's all been said, absolutely brillant - a Triumph! Cheese pickle roll and tomato soup never tasted so good !Date of review: January 7, 2011
In short: it was my 6th Knacker Cracker and I did miss the hanicap start as that feature made it pretty uniqueDate of review: January 6, 2011
In short: grinned all the way round, very friendly race and interesting courseIn full: Have read lots of comments about this, and realise it's impossible to please everyone! Very sad that lots of late finishers were lonely at the back as no longer a staggered start, and it must be v disappointing to miss out on the goodies too, albeit temporarily. New downhill start was a good way to warm up legs before first ascent of the course, but v crowded at beginning. Could there be 2 starts, first one with the speedies who want to dash off and get PBs, with those expecting to take more than 1and a half hours directly behind them. Then, about half an hour later, the rest of the field, say those expecting between one and one and a half hours. That way the "serious" runners wouldn't be held up on narrow stretches, and the beginners, or more "relaxed" runners, wouldn't be finishing when everyone has gone home. Start number two would be out of the way before the first runners finish, and there would always be plenty of action at the start/finish for spectators. Potential problem may be crowding on the steps as wave 2 catches up with slower ones from wave 1, but I think steps tend to get congested anyway! Date of review: January 6, 2011
In short: Excellent eventDate of review: January 4, 2011
In short: The perfect race to start the year - faultlessDate of review: January 4, 2011
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Nutrition Facts
Serving Size ½ of recipe
Calories 263
Total Fat 14 g
Saturated Fat 4 g
Sodium 482 mg
Total Carbohydrate 0.5 g
Dietary Fiber 0.5 g
Protein 32 g
Ingredients and Preparation
Ingredients Measures
Boneless, center cut pork loin chops 2 (5-ounce)
Herbs de Provence (eg, savory, fennel, basil, thyme) 1 teaspoon
Salt ¼ teaspoon
Fresh ground pepper to taste
Olive oil 2 teaspoons
Reduced-sodium chicken broth 1/3 cup
- Place pork chops between 2 pieces of plastic wrap and pound until about ½- to ¾-inch thick. Season the pork with the herbs de Provence, salt, and pepper.
- Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add pork and cook for about 4-5 minutes on each side.
- Reduce heat and add the broth. Scrape the brown bits off the bottom of the pan, then cover and simmer for 2-4 minutes, until pork is cooked through. Portion pork onto plates and drizzle with the sauce.


text: Hedgeman Center Honors Student, Staff and Faculty AccomplishmentsOn Thursday, April 26, the 2012 Hedgeman Honors and Awards was held in the Kay Fredrick's Ballroom with over 110 faculty, staff, students and family members in attendance, recognizing undergraduate student excellence in academic, leadership, and service. Associate Vice President Poonam Arora and Assistant Dean of Diversity Carlos D. Sneed spoke, as well as student leader Rachel Summers who delivered the senior address.The three highest awards of the year were presented to Michael Riley (Barbara Simmons "Eagle," Award), Trung Le Nguyne and Grady McQuire (Merv Myers-Jeff Nash Scholarship) and Nancy Huynh and Rachel Summers (Pat Paterson Endowed Prize in Leadership).Receiving Outstanding Student Awards were: Jessa Williams (first-year), Zin Zin Htoo (sophomore), Salisa Grant (junior), Lynne Chung (junior),and John Vang (senior). Professor Kathy Burleson, biology, received the Outstanding Faculty Award. Lamar Shingles, coordinator of recreational sports, received the Outstanding Staff Award, while senior Lisa Fralish received the Outstanding Ally Award. Additionally, PRIDE Black Student Alliance received the Multicultural Student Organization-of-the-Year Award.The program is organized by the Hamline University Hedgeman Center for Student Diversity Initiatives and Programs, which helps create and sustain an inclusive community that appreciates, celebrates, and advances student and campus diversity at Hamline University. The center seeks to support, empower, and promote the success of all students with particular attention to U.S. students of color, queer students, and others from historically marginalized backgrounds. For more information, please visit the Hedgeman Center website or call 651-523-2423.


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St. Louis Cardinals Matt Carpenter Autographed Memorabilia and Collectibles
Matt Carpenter is a multitalented standout player for the St Louis Cardinals. After a 13th round selection in the 2009 MLB Draft out of Texas Christian University, Carpenter spent his first year in the minors with average stats. Since his MLB debut, Carpenter has played a strong position at both second and third base proving his place on the roster and helping lead his team to a World Series appearance.
Carpenter was initially a stand out at high school where he won various awards including being voted into All-State teams and honored as an All-American. At Texas Christian University he had average stats that were impressive for a freshman, but injury soon plagued the infielder. By the time he reached the draft, he had little room for negotiation. He was selected by the Cardinals in the 13th round and spent his first season being sent to a number of teams in the Minor League. He finished the season with an overall batting average of .283 as well as 22 RBI's and 2 home runs and would have a long way to go until the Majors.
Over the next couple of seasons, Carpenter continued to rise up the leagues, voted the Minor League player of the year in 2010. In 2011 he was called up to the Majors but underperformed, only playing a handful of games and remained absent on their post-season roster.
In 2012 Carpenter saw an upturn in his fortunes after Pujols and Punto left the organization leaving Carpenter with the chance to shine. By 2013, Carpenter had been moved from third base to second base and became the leadoff hitter, which was an inspired move that led to him his first All-Star call up. He led the league in hits, doubles, runs, and was in the top 10 for batting average, on base percentage, bases, and singles. He was eventually awarded a Silver Slugger award for 2013.
As a Silver Slugger and continuously improved player, Matt Carpenter sports memorabilia is a must have for the dedicated MLB sports collector. Finding unique Carpenter collectibles can be a challenge, but we can show you must-have deals for the true Cardinals fan.
- Autographed 24 Karat Baseball Owning a Matt Carpenter autographed baseball may not be that unique, but owning a Matt Carpenter autographed 24 Karat baseball is. This ball will not only look great in a case on your desk, it will increase the overall value of your sports collection now and for many years to come. Honor the Cardinals standout with a unique buy you won't find anywhere else.
- Autographed Trading Cards Owning a baseball trading card is nothing out of the ordinary. But owning a signed baseball card is something to brag about. A Matt Carpenter signed card is a great way to start a collection or add to an existing collection. With few in circulation, you can make an investment worth your time.
- Autographed Photographs Perfectly capture some of Matt Carpenter's greatest moments on the diamond with an autographed photo. With a wide variety available, you can find the perfect picture to add to your Man Cave wall or nicely decorate your office with. Varying in size and look, a signed photo is a great item to add to any collection for Cardinals fans.


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The Henry and Stark County Health Department recently hosted a meeting of
Henry and Stark County Funeral Directors and Coroners. The meeting was held
as part of the Health Department Emergency Preparedness Program and
activities. The meeting dealt with the local response to a "Mass Fatality"
situation. Topics covered included: definitions and overviews of Mass
Fatality and Federal Disaster Mortuary Response Teams (DMORT). Also
covered, were the roles community partners would assume in a local Mass
Fatality scenario. For more information on the Health Department's
Emergency Preparedness Program visit their website at


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No, not talking about CDT's garage or Donny's obsession with Diane Lane.........
But anyone ever decide to go way outside your comfort zone?
As in "this weekend I'm gonna make Korean BBQ" or "I really want to try making homemade gnocchi?
If so, what did you try and how did it turn out?
Really want to start making pasta at home but don't have a machine and not sure if it's worth the effort


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BLM manages over 13 million surface acres plus 26 million subsurface acres of mineral estate in New Mexico. BLM Rangers and Special Agents investigate a wide variety of crimes and violations of federal laws and regulations that occur on or affect these lands.
The BLM has specific resource protection and law enforcement responsibilities. More>>
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By Linda Surbaugh, master gardener, Denver County office of Colorado State University Cooperative Extension
Herbs are plants for all seasons and most situations.
Perennials will live through Colorado winters, and both annuals and perennials can play a year-round role in any landscape or in containers.
Versatility aptly describes herb plants. They are decorative and pleasantly scented. Many reputedly have medicinal value, and a variety of herbs are used in cooking.
Perennials, such as lavender, chives, oregano and mint, will come back year after year with a little winter mulch.
Annuals, including numerous varieties of basil, anise and dill, can fill in a perennial landscape, border area, container or edible landscape of vegetables.
A number of herbs are especially well adapted for ground cover use. They include Roman chamomile and woolly thyme, which can be planted between stepping-stones in a garden path. They will fill in the bare areas between the stones and can be trimmed periodically to keep them from over-growing the walkway. When woolly thyme is brushed by footsteps, the fragrance of the herb is strong and pleasant.
Culinary thymes and germander spread quickly and grow to about 6 inches high, providing good ground cover for non-pedestrian areas.
Many perennial herbs will become small shrubs in three or four growing seasons. Lavender, for example, grows to approximately 3 feet tall. It is a small silver-leafed shrub that blooms profusely in the summer with fragrant purple spike flowers. Greek oregano, a multi-stemmed dark-leafed plant, spreads quickly and will reach about 12 inches. Both plants require full sun.
Sweet woodruff, which is used in making May wine, features small delicate five-fingered leaves, blooms in the spring and prospers in shaded areas. It even grows well at the base of deciduous trees. Also well adapted for shaded areas are members of the mint family, angelica, bee balm and epasote. Mint must be controlled, however, because it can spread rapidly.
Herbs are a great asset in a landscape designed for low water use. Suggested plants include the yarrows, which can reach 3 feet tall and bloom profusely throughout the summer season with very little water. Many varieties of sage are well adapted to xeriscaping. These range from Russian sage, a 2-foot tall small shrub with purple ornamental flower spikes, to silver mound a plant with thin, feathery silver foliage that grows into a symmetric, 8-inch mound. Other herbs that are well suited to the xeriscape landscape are horehound and santolina.
Photograph courtesy of Judy Sedbrook.
Contact Us | Disclaimer | Equal Opportunity
© CSU/Denver County Extension Master Gardener 2010
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Date last revised: 01/05/2010


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Hi there,
A few pieces of sound equipment belonging to me were taken into storage when Forest was being cleared up. To be fair, I only got in the night before with a post saying I would pick them up on the day. It would be great to be able to pick them up on Friday or over the weekend though...would anyone be able to PM me so we can co-ordinate a pick up? I can provide transport, I suppose I just need someone to open the place up for me. Thanks!


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After you have created your question bank, The Settings tab may be used to set up a quiz for FerrisConnect. Here you can create question sets for random selection of questions in a quiz and input all of the same settings you are given in your course management system.
The only settings you cannot set-up in Respondus are Selective Release settings. You must log into your course to set those up.


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We're moving! Lensway.com will become Coastal.com on February 1st.
We're sorry, this frame is currently sold out.
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It is clear to see that medicine has advanced massively through the years along with the equipment and resources that are used. Medical instruments that were used in the past may not be in use any more as with each day new and advanced resources and equipment are constantly being updated to facilitate the growing demand on the medical industry and the renowned breakthroughs that are happening in medicine everyday. Antique medical equipment that has been used within the previous years can become extremely valuable to collectors.
Machines and Medicine
During the 1800 medicine and resources needed to practice medicine centralised themselves around machines before this period medical instruments consisted largely of scalpels and probes. It was during this century that medicine began to move forward and scientist was looking into ways of designing new instrument that looked into how people with illnesses were affected. Thermometers were seen as a new medical instrument around this time although they had been around since 1592 when Galileo used it to measure the heat within a liquid. Microscopes too were brought into the world of medicine so that scientist could examine what maybe causing the illnesses closely.
The famous stethoscope that defines a doctor was not introduced until 1816 by a French doctor Rene Laennec but soon became an iconic instrument and is used worldwide. It listens to how the chest is working and can instruct a physician as to whether a patient has a chest infections or illness of the chest. This lead on to more medical instruments being developed such as; sphygmograph, which is an instrument to measure a person blood pressure and is a vital piece of equipment as it can test how well the heart is working and how well the blood is flowing through the body, the ophthalmoscope, which helps to look and examine a person's eye and electrotherapy which must be said was ineffective but different types have been used to control illnesses such as epilepsy and further down the line used to treat patients who suffered mental health issues.
X-ray, another renowned medical invention was developed in 1895 by a physician Wilhelm Roentgen which allowed doctors to see within a person's body and diagnose specific illnesses. X-rays were not only used for diagnostic purposes as the rays could also be used to treat cancer in the form of radiation but this had side effects as radiation can cause burns and even cancer itself. Many physicians and patients died as a result of the effects of radiation but this was before the risks were known. Since then technology has advanced even further with the introductions of CT, PET and MRI imaging all amazing discoveries which have become leading investigational instruments for the future.
Why Compensation Claims No Win No Fee Law firms have forced new improvements on old medical equipment.
What makes old medical equipment rarer is hospitals and surgeons did get sued by many solicitors and no win no fee compensation companies because they was using old dangerous medical equipment. Without the advancement of such machinery's a lot of illnesses and disease may be overlooked which in turn can lead to fatal consequences as ailments are best caught early. Without such machinery medical negligence could take place as doctors can sometimes not always be sure of an illnesses or a injury without investigating it using a piece of medical machinery such as a CT scanner. No Win No Fee claims expert can be contacted to discuss any claim of medical negligence a person may have. For example if you suspect old equipment is being used and it caused a injury to you then you may want to get free advice on a no win no fee claims visit NoWinNoFeeExpert. It could also help this from happening to other victims if they was to stop using the old dangerous medical equipment.
Medicine and Computers
It was the start of the 20th century that medicine took a fundamental turn rather than just concentrating on treating ailments scientist began to investigate further looking into diagnostics and how further to treat different types of illnesses. Computers themselves became one of the most important medical advancements of the 20th century. They were not only vital for monitoring parent's but also to manage and store patients records so that retrieval of patients records a can be located quickly and efficiently in an emergency. Scanners such as MRI and PET could be constructed more efficiently to give more accurate imaging as computers were being made more powerful to enable such advancements.
Medical Antique Equipment
Medical equipment that have been used throughout the years such as historical stethoscopes, can become very high value as they have been around for so long and have gained value throughout the years. You can gather further information on historical artefacts and medical equipment by visiting websites such as exhibits to have a complete insight on medical instrumental history. There are also museums around the United Kingdom which allows the public to explore and understand the history of medicine and examine antique medical equipment. Here are some medical museums below;
Old Operating Theatre, London Bridge; this maybe viewed an unusual museum apart from being one of the oldest in Europe it has been created in an unique space in the Herb Garret of St Thomas's church and was part of the old St Thomas's Hospital.
British Dental Association Dental Museum; the BDA, is located in the centre of London and has over 20,000 objects and items relating to the history of dentistry. It has been around for more than a 100 years and holds items such as dental equipment, dental furniture and photographs of the history of dentistry.
The Royal London Museum; this museum is located within the Royal London Hospital and is well known for its contribution to historical forensics. The museum also contains items of antiques and historical medical equipment and uniforms.
Museum of the History of Science; is the world's oldest purpose built museum which contains items that cover almost every part of the history of science. Located in the Oxford area of London it is not only a museum but also a department of the University of Oxford. Storing items closely related to chemistry, medicine and a unique history of scientific instruments.
The Royal College of Physicians Museum; The Royal College of Physicians is actually the oldest medical college in England to date. The collections within the museum actually collaborate with the history of the college and it has an outstanding collection of histotical medical instruments. It also holds 300 oil and sculptured portraits and over 5,000 prints and drawings of physicians and people associated with the college.


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Gary and Mick did bathroom renovations for us out at Voyager Point. We have been extremely pleased with very aspect of their work and would recommend they to others. They were willing to listen to what we wanted and made suggestions to us on how we could change things. Can't wa..
I am glad I picked Flash Plumbing Services to renovate our Bathroom. Julio is a very good listener and had great ideas. His team is very professional, always on time and shows a great duty of care. Our renovation was done in a timely manner and I am happy to recommend Flash ..
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Butterfly Bedroom Set - 6 pc. - Natural
About this item$99 White Glove Delivery
(Click to learn about White Glove Delivery.)
The Butterfly bedroom set comes complete with a twin bed with finials, twin comforter set, twin sheet set, 5-drawer chest, 2-drawer nightstand and butterfly fairy lamp. Made with solid hard wood finished in natural and accented with colored stains, this quality designer bedroom set has unique features that make it as practical as it is attractive. All chest and nightstand drawer fronts are reversible – finished with colored stain on one side and natural finish on the other—allowing you to change the look of the chest as your child gets older, extending its use up to teen. It includes a set of flowers and tulips knobs and a set of natural wave knobs, as well as a 3-piece comforter set with a designer print in 100% cotton. The sheet set has a solid fitted sheet, flat sheet and pillowcase with print border. Mattress and box spring not included.
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Skip to comments.Sheriff Joe set to release more Obama 'shockers'; TODAY Live Thread
Posted on 07/17/2012 9:08:06 AM PDT by GeorgeWashingtonsGhostEdited on 07/17/2012 9:17:36 AM PDT by Admin Moderator. [history]
Sheriff Joe Arpaio and his Cold Case Posse investigating Barack Obamas presidential eligibility have been promising more major revelations since their March 1 press conference, and now another event has been scheduled to unveil new information.
Arpaio told WND a press conference will be held July 17 at 2:30 p.m. local time at the Maricopa County Sheriffs Office in Phoenix, Ariz. WND will once again provide live Web streaming of the event.
(Excerpt) Read more at wnd.com ...
I'm with you! Lakin lost all his benefits. And there was another guy after - I believe in the reserves who refused to go/obey orders that who lost his job because they got gov't contracts and was told to let him go and his boss, reluctantly did. He was an engineer - I forget his name.
Hussein is POS EVIL imposter - our military men had to suffer because of those weak maggots covering for the imposter!
There is no "create a new record/certificate " in Hawaii except by fraud, etc. If there is an error in the original it is corrected by lining thru the original incorrect info, one line, initialing it, and refiling it as-is. Adoptions are a good example. The new name is anotated, authority noted, and the change initialed. The original document is "forever". I have examples of these circumstances in my own family files having lived there many years and having one son born there.
It's because I have exact examples of the way the Hawaiians keep records from the 60's, 70's, 80's, 90's, and early Oughts that I know what they're supposed to look like and Obamuzzie's ain't quite "it ". They lost me with use of the race "African". The copy of the COLB should have been a photostat——but I digress. His docs are phony for a whole row of reasons.
I'm aware of LDS keeping all kinds of geneological records. But what's this about Obama's visiting their facilities in Utah? Source?
I missed the entire Press Conference with Arpaio. Does anyone know if or where it will be shown again?
Thanks Irish
Negro actually is a race. African is not. Theresa Heinz is just as "African" as Nelson Mandella. Whoever typed African in there has the brains of a jellyfish.
The Az Sec of State was very explicit about getting Hawaii to go on record and certify that that particular document was THE document that they had issued with no ambiguity or wiggle room.
Once the Az Sec of State got the certification he backed off in a very weird fashion.
It's obvious now that his real intent was get the document certified by Hawaii for law enforcement purposes as forged and fraudulent document now that Arpaio has rigorous, unambiguous, unimpeachable and legally admissible evidence that the Obama Administration and the State of Hawaii has presented a false document.
This evidence, combined with work done by the Az Sec of State, is, in the words of our VP, a real BFD which takes things to a whole new legal level, especially from a law enforcement perspective since there is now solid evidence a crime has been committed and the evidence is sufficient to take the case to criminal court.
It also suggests that somebody has an active criminal investigation in progress
Their marriage certificate now reads Obunga and COW Obunga....)
LoL Lj ;-)
I would think WND will archive it...YT maybe?
They were emboldened by already knowing that PLENTY of jellyfish anointed Herr Hussein as Dictator of All Without Question.
thanks, will keep watch
IMHO the forged b.c. is cobbled together from a variety of sources. Who knows what or whose original document they used that had a "9" for race.
And what exactly is the penalty for letting someone see this patient log? Who do you think is going to sue the facility? Barack Obama's executive branch? Barack Obama? Stanley Dunham?
Is there a fine? Will the facility be closed?
The patient is dead. Does HIPAA cover dead people?
Lot of stuff that has been discussed for months and even years here on the FR.
The coding of the #9 in pencil was the big new thing that came out today. The coding meant those boxes were supposed to be blank where it listed his race as "African". Someone posted screen shots a few posts back.
I forget what the other box had typed in it (that was also supposed to be blank.).
"It also suggests that somebody has an active criminal investigation in progress".
Perhaps. I certainly hope you are correct.
However, Sheriff Arpaio closed things today by pretty much saying he has gone as far with it as he can. To me that meant it was now up to the don't rock the boat, ball-less wonders in Congress.
This entire episode is beginning to remind me of Gideon and his tiny army.
God had Gideon dismiss the 90% of his already small original army (mostly the cowards, the hesitant, and the hangers-on) before the battle against an entire powerful enemy force. He only required a few courageous men for the battle. In the end they won an overwhelming victory against an "unbeatable" army!
The layers of the PDF when opened in Illustrator is proof the birth certificate was altered. So is the white halo around all text and lines. So are the entries of information where a handwritten '9' is entered. I'll bet the birth certificate was originally signed in PEN as "Ann Dunham" (single mom).. "unham Obama" was overwritten with a bolder MARKER, LATER, and also Barack Sr. added LATER by the forger. Bye, bye, Alex Okrent.
"brains of a jellyfish"....AND I would submit to you that the one that typed in "African" was also born LONG after that BC was "issued" -—in keeping with the whole "politically correct" agenda LOL ;-)
Hi Mr Wright,
The vid, if you're interested in keeping up to date, should be on the internet shortly (if not already). It should be easy to find on the utube and wnd.
To me, it was very informative regarding the "penciled-in" numbers. I had read some before on the matter, but the presentation today cleared it up for me. It's definitely worth your time to watch it.
Regarding the question you had about FR's info on the matter, I always check under the "Natural Born Citizen" link at the top of the FR page to get the latest. FR is the best, no doubt about it, in keeping a person informed.
Best Regards,
Thanks. It is good to see Arpaio and his Posse expose Hawaii for having made it easy to commit birth certificate fraud, which confirms FReeper's work going back for over 4 years now.
In the African countries who were along the dutch trade routes. The designations were used. AfriKan was used to donate those coming from native tribe. Another was used for Europeans and a third for those with mixed blood.
When we first did the research IIRC the Afrikan was spelled with a K. Kenya, South Africa were both of the trade routes and still use this term in their documentation.
Send the following paragraph to every news media, legislature, or anyone else that comes to mind. We MUST get the message out. ... It is a national security issue.
Under Hawaii's Revised Statute 338-17.8, a person only has to be an established resident of Hawaii, ... not necessarily a U.S. citizen, but any out-of-state, or foreign-born person, ... and then pay taxes there for One Year ... to be able to register and receive an official Hawaii birth certificate.
HIPAA exempts directory information from disclosure restrictions. sometimes lurkers simply likes to confuse this issue. There's no law preventing Kapiolani Hospital from confirming whether or not Obama was born there.
That is not so. I never had to give blood or a birth certificate 50 some yrs ago when applied. My kids nor my grandkids have never given blood or shown a birth certificate in order to get married.
Maybe some state requires that but NON of the Western States do that I know of.
When I saw just the part of your comment down/up thread about having an active investigation going, I thought you were possibly discussing why there was no mention of the person of interest/forger today.
No, it's not. Go to any hospital and try to look at the log. No hospital will let you see it.
Hey, Romney, America #1 President said to GET LOST!! You ain't getting our support.
RR had a plentiful supply of wisdom and discernment and prophetic to boot!
"So give your servant a discerning heart to govern your people and to distinguish between right and wrong. For who is able to govern this great people of yours?" 1 Kings 3:9
We known who President Reagan served - so unlike the godless one who have now and the wanna be one.
I've given up being ladylike.
I definitely missed something along the way. What was said or written that implies the info Hawaii has is invalid?
I find it ironic that the ONLY secrets the media seems to be able to keep, are those that involve the Mulatto Muslim Marxist and his Minions.....Anything else....they spill their guts faster than a gopher hit with a .22
Good post! Thanks.
No you haven't ;)
This kind of explains the very curious series of communication between the Arizona Secretary of State a few weeks ago when Arizona was threatening to keep Obama off the 2012 ballot.
The Az Sec of State was very explicit about getting Hawaii to go on record and certify that that particular document was THE document that they had issued with no ambiguity or wiggle room.
Once the Az Sec of State got the certification he backed off in a very weird fashion.
It's obvious now that his real intent was get the document certified by Hawaii for law enforcement purposes as forged and fraudulent document now that Arpaio has rigorous, unambiguous, unimpeachable and legally admissible evidence that the Obama Administration and the State of Hawaii has presented a false document.
This evidence, combined with work done by the Az Sec of State, is, in the words of our VP, a real BFD which takes things to a whole new legal level, especially from a law enforcement perspective since there is now solid evidence a crime has been committed and the evidence is sufficient to take the case to criminal court.
It also suggests that somebody has an active criminal investigation in progress
Excellent comments by rdcbn.
They have no legal reason not to. Directory information such as a log is not protected information.
Mrs. Prince of Space"
There's only one problem...
The Zombies will never hear it.
Apparently that is incorrect. The pencil marks were for census reasons. Not only did they not use the designation "African", the "9" in pencil meant that the field was left blank. The info wasn't provided. If it were provided, it would have been #2 because that was the designation for "Negro" or #7 for "Other Non-White".
The document number, itself, actually provided the info of the location in numerical sequence. Because Zero's BC number was numbered AFTER the Nordyke twins, yet he was both born before them, and his BC was also stamped and dated BEFORE the twins' were, that indicated that his birth did not occur at the same hospital, as it would have been in sequence from the same hospital. His number was in the wrong sequence, ergo, he was not born there. He may have been born in Hawaii, but it wasn't at that hospital, was the conclusion of the Posse.
We knew that info at FR, but it was explained to the press today, though they were clearly there to discredit it, not for any investigative journaling. And I am sure that it went over those mediots' heads.
I wish they could locate baby Virginia's BC. I am sure that the DOH and the hospital have that under lock and key, if they have not already destroyed it.
Other box was for "Kind of business or industry" - "University" was typed in, even though had "9" pencilled in.
This has been known for a while if you followed FReepers who have looked into this. I want to know if federal $ flowed to HI in the '60s for all of these new "citizens". Has HI been committing fraud since they became a state?
Such logs are open to the public, so you're wrong. You're not conservative but a leftist gadfly.
Well, let's say I have strongly held views....
You mean you are not PC, you call it as you see it - that's a lady in anyone's book!
BS'ers are a dime a dozen, like trollops~
Arpaio's press release:
University as occupation.
Just because you show a little leg, doesn't mean you're not a lady.
This issue is now officially dead. Sheriff Joe admitted as much when he said it's time for congress to investigate. He proved beyond a doubt that the BC was a fraud. But nobody who can do anything seems to care.
And don't be surprised if Romney picks Rubio. If he does, they'll all say "It doesn't matter anymore".
When you are a youngster and part of a family and subculture that is part of the International Communist movement, passports are very important and common.
You're not in Kansas anymore.
Registrar Alvin T. Onaka greets Arpaio's Posse with POLICE? A Sheriff's office conducting an official investigation can't at least get to ask him a few questions? WHAT IS HE HIDING??? There's your implication!
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


text:
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|This blog-based book, or "blook", comprises the first twelve months of posts from this Inside System Storage blog,165 posts in all, from September 1, 2006 to August 31, 2007. Foreword by Jennifer Jones. 404 pages.
You can choose between hardcover (with dust jacket) or paperback versions:
This is not the first time I've been published. I have authored articles for storage industry magazines, written large sections of IBM publications and manuals, submitted presentations and whitepapers to conference proceedings, and even had a short story published with illustrations by the famous cartoon writer[Ted Rall].
But I can say this is my first blook, and as far as I can tell, the first blook from IBM's many bloggers on DeveloperWorks, and the first blook about the IT storage industry.I got the idea when I saw [Lulu Publishing] run a "blook" contest. The Lulu Blooker Prize is the world's first literary prize devoted to "blooks"--books based on blogs or other websites, including webcomics. The [Lulu Blooker Blog] lists past year winners. Lulu is one of the new innovative "print-on-demand" publishers. Rather than printing hundredsor thousands of books in advance, as other publishers require, Lulu doesn't print them until you order them.
I considered cute titles like A Year of Living Dangerously, orAn Engineer in Marketing La-La land, or Around the World in 165 Posts, but settled on a title that matched closely the name of the blog.
In addition to my blog posts, I provide additional insights and behind-the-scenes commentary. If you go to the Luluwebsite above, you can preview an entire chapter in its entirety before purchase. I have added a hefty 56-page Glossary of Acronyms and Terms (GOAT) with over 900 storage-related terms defined, which also doubles as an index back to the post (or posts) that use or further explain each term.
So who might be interested in this blook?
- Business Partners and Sales Reps looking to give a nice gift to their best clients and colleagues
- Managers looking to reward early-tenure employees and retain the best talent
- IT specialists and technicians wanting a marketing perspective of the storage industry
- Mentors interested in providing motivation and encouragement to their proteges
- Educators looking to provide books for their classroom or library collection
- Authors looking to write a blook themselves, to see how to format and structure a finished product
- Marketing personnel that want to better understand Web 2.0, Second Life and social networking
- Analysts and journalists looking to understand how storage impacts the IT industry, and society overall
- College graduates and others interested in a career as a storage administrator
And yes, according to Lulu, if you order soon, you can have it by December 25.
technorati tags: IBM, blook, Volume I, Jennifer Jones, system, storage, strategy, hardware, software, services, disk, tape, networking, SAN, secondlife, Web2.0, facebook, Lulu, publishing, Blooker Prize, articles, magazines, proceedings, Ted Rall, insights, glossary, early-tenure, mentors, library, classroom, administrator, print, publish, on demand