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Detroit Lions Calvin Johnson Autographed Memorabilia and Collectibles
Calvin Johnson is a wide receiver that currently plays for the Detroit Lions in the NFL and quite possibly the most impressive wide receiver in the league. Despite being 6ft 5in tall, Johnson's height doesn't hinder his extreme speed. With second to none hand-eye coordination is second to none giving him an extreme catching ability, followed by insane pace that includes covering 100m in 10.23 seconds. Calvin Johnson's remarkable skillset and all-around athleticism, makes him a deadly player that's capable of turning a game on his head in just one play.
While in high school, Calvin Johnson was labeled by many as a future star and was expected to become one of the top ten wide receivers in the country. Johnson made a number of premier football lists during his early years on the field, before he opted to go to the Georgia Institute of Technology to play in the NCAA. During his college career, Johnson recorded one of the best four years in Georgie Tech history as an All-American and ACC Player of the Year.
After dominating NCAA football, Calvin Johnson then entered the 2007 NFL Draft, surrounded by hype as not only top players of his class, but also as one of the best wide receivers of all time. Johnson was selected second overall by the Detroit Lions to become the highest draft selection ever to come out of Georgia Tech. Little did the entire football community know, Calvin Johnson would go on to complete one of the greatest careers in NFL history.
Since joining the NFL in 2007, his entire professional football career has been full of awards and record-setting seasons, indeed fulfilling his prophecy of becoming one of the best wide receivers in the league. Johnson's resume features numerous awards that boasts four consecutive Pro Bowl selections, selection to the AP All-Pro first team three times, and leading the NFL in receiving yards for two seasons.
Calvin Johnson's league records also include the second most receiving yards in a single game, most receiving yards in a single season, the only player in NFL history to record over 5,000 yards in just three seasons, and tied first for number of career games with over 200 receiving yards. Due to these accolades and his ability to consistently dominate the football field, Calvin Johnson is constantly ranked as one of the top players in the entire NFL.
As one of the most dominant players in the NFL, Calvin Johnson memorabilia is an absolute must-have for all sports collections or man caves. From a signed football to honor the superstar wide receiver's running skills or show support for Detroit football with an autographed Lions jersey. Whether you're a die-hard Lions fan or casual football spectator, anyone can appreciate a player of Megatron's caliber, so be sure to invest in a piece of NFL history to take home.
- Autographed Calvin Johnson Photos: Calvin Johnson is known for defying the impossible and acrobatic plays while completely commanding the field no matter who his opponents are. Capture these epic moments from football history with a unique signed Calvin Johnson photo to proudly display at the office or in your man cave at home. All football fans can appreciate the greatness that is Megatron so a Calvin Johnson autographed photo is sure please anyone. An action photo with a rare Calvin Johnson autograph is highly likely to increase in value as he continues his career, making a smart investment that looks great displayed anywhere.
- Calvin Johnson Signed Footballs: As a player that absolutely dominates once he has the ball in his hand, a Calvin Johnson autographed football is sure to headline any sports room or collection. A Calvin Johnson signed ball is a unique way to honor his many remarkable achievements and honor his contributions to the sports. With a hand-signed Calvin Johnson autograph, Lions fans can take home a piece of the on-field action to celebrate their favorite franchise star and collectors can invest in Calvin Johnson memorabilia that will definitely acquire value over the years.
- Signed Calvin Johnson Jerseys: Show your support for the Detroit Lions and the team's legendary wide receiver with an autographed Calvin Johnson jersey. Each Calvin Johnson signed jersey features his number 81 stitched with his last name on the back of the jersey to commemorate his great contributions to the Lions franchise. There's no better centerpiece for a man cave or sports collection than an athlete's jersey, especially one that celebrates one of the top players in the league and potentially all of football history. A signed Calvin Johnson jersey is the ultimate piece of sports memorabilia for anyone and is in high demand from both collectors and NFL fans. Guaranteed authentic with a tamper-evident hologram sticker, football fans can add serious value to their collection with a Lions jersey signed by the one and only Megatron.
- Calvin Johnson Autographed Helmets: After setting his mark in football history with record-breaking statistics and various achievements, a Calvin Johnson signed helmet is a treasure for all NFL fans. Featuring the official Detroit Lions logos and color scheme, helmets with a genuine Calvin Johnson autograph are a great piece of sports memorabilia for any sports room or football collection. Adding a Calvin Johnson autograph helmet to any sports collection will greatly increase its value as he continues to emerge as one of the most prolific players ever to grace league. Purchasing a signed Calvin Johnson helmet is a smart investment that will enhance any Lions fans dedication to the team or collector's sports collection.


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J'aime l'info précieuse que vous fournissez sur http://www.footprintnetwork.org. Je vais signet sur votre blog et vérifiez à nouveau ici régulièrement. Je suis assez sûr que je vais apprendre beaucoup de choses nouvelles ici! Bonne chance pour le prochain!
Participate in the 2012 Ecological Footprint Standards
Global Footprint Network is the standard setting body for the only Ecological Footprint standards in the world. The Ecological Footprint standards set forth quality criteria for Ecological Footprint studies of sub-national populations, organizations, and products. The goal of the Ecological Footprint Standards is to build consensus among practitioners regarding Ecological Footprint methodology, transparency, and communications. This consensus is important because it helps to establish a forum or a common platform for understanding and communicating about natural resource constraints. To that end, the Ecological Footprint Standards are used as a way of maintaining the scientific credibility and accuracy of Ecological Footprint studies, the policy relevance, and the consistency and appropriateness with which the method is applied and findings communicated.
Global Footprint Network's Ecological Footprint Standards have been established through a committee-based process that incorporates input from our Partnership Network and Public Comment. The Global Footprint Network Standards Committee is starting the process to review and revise the Ecological Footprint Standards. Participation in the Committee and Procedures for the Committee are outlined in Global Footprint Network Committees Charter. The result of this process will be updates to the 2009 Ecological Footprint Standards to be released towards the end of 2012.
Improving comparability The original goal of the Ecological Footprint Standards is to increase the quality, reliability and consistency of Footprint assessments. As the Ecological Footprint is being adopted by a growing number of government agencies, organizations and communities as a measure of environmental performance, there is an even greater need for quality, consistency, and reliability. This review and revision process for the 2012 Ecological Footprint Standards is a way to maintain this goal of improving comparability.
In addition, as the Ecological Footprint methodology is applied in different circumstances by different practitioners, advances to the methodology and communications strategies are being made. Conducting a review and revision process every three years allows Global Footprint Network to stay on top of advances in Ecological Footprint science and application. By engaging with experts, our Partner Network, and public comment every three years, our Ecological Footprint Standards can allow for a dynamic process that encourages innovation and action.
Your feedback is welcome during the entire process! Before the revised Standards are finalized in 2012, there will be two 60-day Public Review periods, one in March – May 2012 and the second in July – September 2012. These are your opportunities to provide more input as the draft develops.
Carbon Footprint, Ecological Limits, Footprint for Government, Footprint Standards, Human Development, Our Partners' Work, Personal Footprint

subset: commoncrawl


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I've listened to a couple of Jeffrey Deaver's Lincoln Rhyme novels and have always found them better to read than to listen to. I enjoyed The Sleepin..Show More »
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I enjoyed the fact that Deaver wrote a novel specifically for Katherine Dance, but warning those of you who chose books for length and author, this bo..Show More »
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I kept drifting away. finally I just quit. There was no mystery here. I guess enough to make it be called a mystery.


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(You can see a lot more meatless dinner ideas by visiting the Recipes-by-Photo Index Page for Meatless Monday or checking Vegetarian Recipes in the recipe index. For more Meatless Monday ideas from other bloggers, follow our Meatless Monday board on Pinterest, or check Meatless Monday at BlogHer, where I write a weekly post spotlighting one of the fabulous meatless recipes ideas I find around the web.)
And embarrassing as it is, here's the original photo of this dish from back in 2006!
Macaroni with Greens, Lemon, and Parmesan
(Makes about 4 side dish servings, recipe created by Kalyn)
2 cups (dry) Dreamfields Low-Carb Macaroni or whole wheat macaroni
1 tsp. salt for pasta cooking water
1 bunch greens such as kale, collards, mustard greens, or swiss chard (I used 8 oz. Ready-to-use Organic Mixed Baby Kale)
1 tsp. minced garlic
zest from 2 lemons
1 T lemon juice (I would freeze the extra juice to use later)
2 T olive oil
1/2 cup grated Parmesan cheese, plus more for serving
Heat olive oil in large frying pan, add garlic and lemon zest and saute 1 minute. Add greens and saute until wilted, about 5 minutes for larger greens or 2-3 minutes for baby greens.
As soon as pasta is al dente, save 1/4 cup cooking water and then drain the pasta well and add to greens/garlic/lemon mixture, with lemon juice and reserved pasta cooking water (as needed.) Stir in Parmesan cheese and serve hot, with additional cheese to be added at the table if desired.
South Beach Suggestions:
Nutritional Information?
More Vegetarian Recipe Ideas with Kale:
Crunchy Crust Kale Pasta Bake from Fig and Cherry
Vegetarian Whole Wheat Pasta with Fried Kale, Tomato Sauce, and Goat Cheese from Kalyn's Kitchen
Spaghetti with Kale and Tomato Sauce from Bell'alimento
Baby Kale and Mozzarella Quesadillas with Sriracha-Ranch Dipping Sauce from Kalyn's Kitchen
Vegan Red Curry Tofu with Kale and Brown Rice from The Perfect Pantry
Blogger Disclosure:


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Dr. Constant D. Beugre
Dr. Constant D. Beugre, chairperson and professor in the DSU Department of Management, recently published his fourth book – Managing Organizational Behavior in an African Context.
The book discusses management and organization science theories as they apply within the social, cultural and economic contexts in which organizations operate in Africa. As the first organizational behavior book to cover the entire continent, it uses the findings of organization behavior studies to establish a conceptual foundation and then explores how those topics apply in Africa's unique business environment.
This integrative framework allows students and scholars to connect organizational phenomena in Africa with those in other parts of the globe.
Dr. Beugre is also working currently on two other books – Social Entrepreneurship: Managing the Creation of Social Value and A Science of Neuro-Organizational Behavior: Understanding and Using Your Brain at Work.


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NORFOLK, Va. – The Norfolk Admirals today announced that forwards Dennis McEwen and Rick Kowalsky will be inducted into the Admirals Hall of Fame on Friday, February 19 prior to the Admirals game against the Springfield Falcons.
Known as "The Original Admiral," Dennis McEwen was one of the first players to skate on the ice at Norfolk Scope Arena in October 1989 during the team's inaugural season. McEwen spent the better part of the next ten years with the Admirals and was a member of all three championship teams.
A solid two-way forward and a team leader, McEwen was a fan favorite in Hampton Roads for parts of seven seasons. He appeared in 262 regular season games with the Admirals, scoring 76 goals and 126 assists. He is one of just seven players to have recorded more than 200 points in an Admirals career.
Some of McEwen's greatest Admirals contributions came in his 40 playoff games. On March 17, 1990, McEwen became the first ECHL player to record a playoff hat trick as he netted four goals – including the overtime game-winner – in a 5-4 win over the Erie Panthers. As of 2009, no player in ECHL playoff history has ever topped four goals in a game. In each of the next two seasons, McEwen ranked in the top five of team scoring as the Admirals captured the 1991 and 1992 Riley Cup Championships.
After briefly retiring following the 1991-92 season, McEwen returned for parts of four more seasons with the Admirals from 1993-99 and was briefly a member of the 1997-98 Admirals Kelly Cup Championship squad. McEwen ranks fourth in games played, sixth in goals, eighth in assists and seventh in points in Hampton Roads Admirals history.
If you look at the top ten lists for Hampton Roads Admirals games played, goals, assists, points and penalty minutes, the name Rick Kowalsky will appear on each list.
A high-scoring forward and a team leader, Kowalsky appeared in 244 games with the Hampton Roads Admirals from 1994 to 2000, registering 98 goals, 142 assists, 240 points and 510 penalty minutes. He recorded better than 20 goals, 50 points and 100 penalty minutes in a season three times for the Admirals and is one of just four players to have accomplished that feat more than once in an Admirals career.
Kowalsky added 12 goals and nine assists in 23 Admirals playoff games. He ranks sixth in games played, fifth in goals, seventh in assists, fifth in points and ninth in penalty minutes in Hampton Roads Admirals history.
A veteran of 12 professional seasons, Kowalsky appeared in 516 ECHL games with the Admirals, Trenton and Roanoke, netting 221 goals and 329 assists for 550 points. Following the 2008-09 season, he ranked in the ECHL's top 20 of all-time games played, goals, assists and points.
Kowalsky played in 182 career AHL contests with Cornwall and Portland between 1993 and 1999. He also appeared in one game with the Norfolk Admirals in the 2001-02 season, making him one of just five players as of the 2008-09 season to have appeared in games for both the ECHL and AHL Admirals. Kowalsky returned to Norfolk for one season as the Admirals' assistant coach in 2005-06.
The Admirals Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony will take place in a pre-game, on-ice ceremony prior to the Admirals game against the Springfield Falcons on Friday, February 19. The Admirals Hall of Fame was established during the 2007-08 season with charter members Blake Cullen, John Brophy, Al MacIsaac and Rod Taylor. Last season, Mark Bernard and Victor Gervais became the second class of inductees.
The Admirals will continue their seven-game road trip on Friday night against the Springfield Falcons. The puck drops at 7:30 p.m. All games are broadcast on STAR 1310-AM, star1310.com and ahllive.com.
The Admirals will return to Norfolk Scope Arena to kick off a six-game homestand on Wednesday, February 3 against the Hershey Bears.
To purchase tickets to any Admirals game, you may visit the Scope Box Office weekdays from 10 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., visit any Ticketmaster outlet, call Ticketmaster at 1-800-745-3000 or visit Ticketmaster online at ticketmaster.com. Don't miss a minute of the action by purchasing your 2009-10 season tickets today. Stop by the Admirals' Administrative Offices at Scope, call (757) 640-1212 weekdays from 9:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. or visit norfolkadmirals.com anytime!


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February 2, 2017 to February 4, 2017
Orlando, Florida, February 2-4, 2017
Escape the cold Ohio winter and fly to sunny Orlando, Florida for the eleventh annual Ohio Christian University - Legacy Florida Golf Classic. Register online today!
Ohio Christian University has committed to preparing 1000 leaders to serve this present age in ministry, community, and corporate settings.
Join us as we golf some of the most beautiful golf courses in Florida at Reunion Resort near Orlando. For a virtual tour of the accommodations, please visit www.ReunionResort.com. Together, we can provide the resources and opportunities needed to raise up a new generation of Christian leadership.
We have upgraded the annual tournament to a five-star event. Purchase your ticket online or secure your reservation early by making payments of $100/month or $200/month toward your registration. Come enjoy the beautiful location and support the OCU scholarship program. We are committed to "Raising 1000 Leaders" that will impact our world.
Over the course of three days in Florida, we will enjoy comfortable quarters and fine dining at Reunion Resort, one of the finest resorts in Orlando. We will golf at three challenging, yet playable, championship golf courses:
- Jack Nicklaus' Tradition Course
- Arnold Palmer's Legacy Course
- Tom Watson's Independence Course
Invited guests include Dr. John C. Maxwell.
Thursday - February 2, 2017
- 8:00 - 11:00 a.m. Arrival time
- 1:00 p.m. Tee time; boxed lunch on golf cart
- 6:30 p.m. Dinner and Awards Ceremony
Friday - February 3, 2017
- 7:30 a.m. Breakfast
- 10:00 a.m. Tee time; boxed lunch on golf cart
- 6:30 p.m. Dinner, Devotional, and
Awards Ceremony
Saturday - February 4, 2017
- 6:30 a.m. Breakfast
- 8:00 a.m. Tee time
- 1:00 p.m. Buffet Lunch and Farewell
Itinerary is tentative and subject to change.
The cost of registration is $1300 and includes transportation to and from the Orlando airport, lodging, scheduled meals, golf, and prizes. Reserve your package online or call 740-420-5918. The tax-deductible portion of the registration fee is $100. The cost of airfare is not included in the registration fee.
*The total registration cost must be paid in full prior to the event.
For more information, please call University Events Office at 740-477-7789.


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Mozilla has static analyses built into the buildsystem that can be turned on with –with-static-checking= flag. The analyses live in xpcom/analyses directory. The testcases (aka documentation) are in xpcom/tests/static-checker. Analyses are implemented in either Dehydra or Treehydra and run within a patched GCC 4.3.
The currently landed checks are:
- final.js: Java-like "final" keyword for C++
- flow.js: Ensure code in a function flows through a particular label
- must-override.js: Force derived classes to override certain methods
- override.js: Ensure methods exist in base class
- outparams.js: Ensure outparameters and return error codes are in sync
- stack.js: Mark classes as stack-only
A whole lot more analyses in various states of completion can be tracked in the static analysis bug.
Asynchronous discussion happens in the mailing list. #static irc channel is the place for interactive discussion.
Nearterm Plans For Plugins
Hopefully, this will make it easier for other open source projects to adapt the hydras.
Plans for Analyses
I'm a big believer into application-specific static analyses, but I would like to see some heavy duty open source analyzers built on top of GCC.
Some of the not-so-Mozilla-specific analyses should be bundled together to make them easy to try out on other projects.
Hopefully 2010 will be the year that open source static analysis catches on.
I posted my slides from yesterday.


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Stefan Feth Selected as the New Men's National Team Coach
USA Table Tennis is very pleased to announce that Stefan Feth has been selected as the Men's National Team Coach. Dan Seemiller tendered his resignation as MNTC earlier this year following a ten year service record in that capacity.
USATT CEO Mike Cavanaugh appointed a search committee shortly after the position became vacant. The search committee conducted an exhaustive process to fill this position. Each candidate was interviewed and submitted written answers to a list of questions provided them by the search committee. This was followed by teleconference consultations within the search committee and finally Mr. Feth was selected. After careful consideration, Mr. Cavanaugh accepted the committee's recommendation and announced the decision to the Board of Directors during their teleconference of October 28. The search committee consisted of Doru Gheorghe, Bob Fox, Richard McAfee, Ashu Jain, Han Xiao, Whitney Ping, and Ross Brown.
Please join us in thanking Danny for his many years of service and congratulating Stefan on his acceptance of his new challenge.


text:
VA hospital, clinics workers support United Way
Employees of the Oscar G. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center in Iron Mountain and its seven community based outpatient clinics raised $35,759 during its 2012 Combined Federal Campaign, which is part of the United Way organization. Shown with a ceremonial check are members of the medical center's 2012 CFC committee, from left, Brad Nelson, Connie Flitton, Breanda Mason and Bridget Jacko, and medical center Director Jim Rice. All federal agencies across the nation participate in CFC each year. The medical center's total contribution represents 35 percent of the $103,403 raised by 31 federal work locations across the Upper Peninsula.


text:
Some have asked me to look for Liu-An, so I have gone around researching/tasting them. In short, not all Liu-An are pleasant to drink. Some are really disgusting (especially new). Today I tasted 5 types of Liu-An.
Unknown year, most probably new Not nice. Greenish awkward taste. Yuck.
90s Greenish, but at least sweet. Not nice.
80s Taste much better than the first 2. Pleasant aroma. A bit woody taste. Acceptable to drink but the time is not right to enjoy yet.
70s I am not even sure there are 70s Liu-An (cause I thought it started to produce back in the 80s), but it was written there as 70s. Ignoring the year... taste wise... very much enjoyable. Nice aroma and Woody taste. Sweet. A bit medicine taste. This is shortlisted as one of the good Liu-an that can be enjoyed now. I am getting seniors to confirm the taste. May introduce this as KLP.
Liu An Sticks 1920s I have wrote about this before. It is still very very very extremely good. So good that even 2g is enough to be drank and enjoyed up to 15 brews. The woody has turned into medicine (ginseng) taste. So sweet. Ahhhhh.... too bad... no more stock.
After many brews... it was boiled, cause we don't want to waste it. Taste is oh so very good


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BA in English from Graceland University
MA in English from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Ms. Jobe recently joined Wayland as an adjunct instructor in English. Being a military spouse, she understands the demands of military duty.
Since most of our students need one or more English courses, Ms. Jobe will be a welcomed addition to our cadre of faculty.


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Cite Chapter
Cite Chapter
Martínez-González, Mercedes. "Document Versioning in Digital Libraries."
Encyclopedia of Database Technologies and Applications.
IGI Global, 2005. 201-205. Web. 24 Jan. 2017. doi:10.4018/978-1-59140-560-3.ch034
Martínez-González, M. (2005). Document Versioning in Digital Libraries. In L. Rivero, J. Doorn, & V. Ferraggine (Eds.),
Encyclopedia of Database Technologies and Applications
(pp. 201-205). Hershey, PA: IGI Global. doi:10.4018/978-1-59140-560-3.ch034
Martínez-González, Mercedes. "Document Versioning in Digital Libraries." In
Encyclopedia of Database Technologies and Applications,
ed. Laura C. Rivero, Jorge Horacio Doorn and Viviana E. Ferraggine, 201-205 (2005), accessed January 24, 2017. doi:10.4018/978-1-59140-560-3.ch034
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Library Science, Information Studies, and Education
InfoSci-Library Information Science and Technology
Document Versioning in Digital Libraries
Mercedes Martínez-González (Universidad de Valladolid, Spain)
Source Title:
Encyclopedia of Database Technologies and Applications
© 2005
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Digital libraries are systems that contain organized collections of objects, serving in their most basic functions as a mirror of the traditional library that contains paper documents. Most of the information contained in the collections of a digital library consists of documents, which can evolve with time. That is, a document can be modified to obtain a new document, and digital library users may want access to any of those versions. This introduces in digital libraries the problem of versioning, a problem that has also been considered in a related community, the hypertext community(hypermedia in its most extensive acception).Some domains in which document evolution is very important are the legislative domain (Arnold-Moore, 2000; Martínez-González, 2001; Vitali, 1999), the management of errata made to scientific articles (Poworotznek, 2003) and software construction (Conradi & Westfechtel, 1998).
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Chapter 1
Active Database Management Systems
(pages 1-4)
Mariano A. Cilia
As it is well known, business requirements are changing faster than applications can be created and/or modified. Most of these requirements are in...
Sample PDF
Active Database Management Systems
Chapter 2
Active Federated Database Systems
(pages 5-10)
Genoveva Vargas-Solar
Database management systems (DBMS) are becoming part of environments composed of large-scale distributed heterogeneous and networks of autonomous...
Sample PDF
Active Federated Database Systems
Chapter 3
Advanced Query Optimization
(pages 11-17)
Antonio Badia
Query optimization has been an active area of research ever since the first relational systems were implemented. In the last few years, research in...
Sample PDF
Advanced Query Optimization
Chapter 4
Applying Database Techniques to the Semantic Web
(pages 18-22)
Maria del Mar Roldán-García, Ismael Navas-Delgado, José F. Aldana-Montes
Information on the Web has grown very quickly. The semantics of this information are becoming explicit and the Semantic Web (Berners-Lee, Hendler, &...
Sample PDF
Applying Database Techniques to the Semantic Web
Chapter 5
Benchmarking and Data Generation in Moving Objects Databases
(pages 23-28)
Theodoros Tzouramanis
Moving objects databases (MODs) provide the framework for the efficient storage and retrieval of the changing position of continuously moving...
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Benchmarking and Data Generation in Moving Objects Databases
Chapter 6
Bioinformatics Data Management and Data Mining
(pages 29-34)
Boris Galitsky
Bioinformatics is the science of storing, extracting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and utilizing information from biological sequences and...
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Bioinformatics Data Management and Data Mining
Chapter 7
Biological Data Mining
(pages 35-41)
George Tzanis, Christos Berberidis, Ioannis Vlahavas
At the end of the 1980s, a new discipline named data mining emerged. The introduction of new technologies such as computers, satellites, new mass...
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Biological Data Mining
Chapter 8
Biometric Databases
(pages 42-46)
Mayank Vatsa, Richa Singh, P. Gupta, A. K. Kaushik
Biometric databases are the set of biometric features collected from a large public domain for the evaluation of biometric systems. For the...
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Biometric Databases
Chapter 9
Business Rules in Databases
(pages 47-53)
Antonio Badia
Though informal, the concept of business rule is very important to the modeling and definition of information systems. Business rules are used to...
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Business Rules in Databases
Chapter 10
Business-to-Business Integration
(pages 54-58)
Christoph Bussler
Businesses worldwide started exchanging electronic business messages with each other around 1970. This coincides with the establishment of wide-area...
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Business-to-Business Integration
Chapter 11
CASE Tools for Database Engineering
(pages 59-65)
Jean-Luc Hainaut, Jean Henrard, Jean-Marc Hick, Didier Roland, Vincent Englebert
Designing and implementing a database comprising a few tables require a level of expertise that is readily found among most experienced users...
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CASE Tools for Database Engineering
Chapter 12
Checking Integrity Constraints in a Distributed Database
(pages 66-73)
Hamidah Ibrahim
Preserving the accuracy and the integrity of information in a database is extremely important for the organization that is maintaining that...
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Checking Integrity Constraints in a Distributed Database
Chapter 13
Collective Knowledge Composition in a P2P Network
(pages 74-77)
Boanerges Aleman-Meza, Christian Halaschek-Wiener, I. Budak Arpinar
Today's data and information management tools enable massive accumulation and storage of knowledge that is produced through scientific advancements...
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Collective Knowledge Composition in a P2P Network
Chapter 14
Common Information Model
(pages 78-86)
James A. Fulton
A common information model (CIM) defines information that is available for sharing among multiple business processes and the applications that...
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Common Information Model
Chapter 15
Component-Based Generalized Database Index Model
(pages 87-92)
Ashraf Gaffar
The performance of a database is greatly affected by the performance of its indexes. An industrial quality database typically has several indexes...
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Component-Based Generalized Database Index Model
Chapter 16
Consistency in Spatial Databases
(pages 93-98)
M. Andrea Rodríguez-Tastets
During the past several years, traditional databases have been enhanced to include spatially referenced data. Spatial database management (SDBM)...
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Consistency in Spatial Databases
Chapter 17
Converting a Legacy Database to Object-Oriented Database
(pages 99-104)
Reda Alhajj, Faruk Polat
We present an approach to transfer content of an existing conventional relational database to a corresponding existing object-oriented database. The...
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Converting a Legacy Database to Object-Oriented Database
Chapter 18
Data Dissemination
(pages 105-109)
Ludger Fiege
One of the driving factors in IT development is the availability of cheap and efficient network technologies. The Internet is no longer used only as...
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Data Dissemination
Chapter 19
Data Model Versioning and Database Evolution
(pages 110-115)
Hassina Bounif
In the field of computer science, we are currently facing a major problem designing models that evolve over time. This holds in particular for the...
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Data Model Versioning and Database Evolution
Chapter 20
Data Quality Assessment
(pages 116-120)
Juliusz L. Kulikowski
For many years the idea that for high information processing systems effectiveness, high quality of data is not less important than the systems'...
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Data Quality Assessment
Chapter 21
Data Warehouses
(pages 121-126)
Antonio Badia
Data warehouses (DW) appeared first in industry in the mid 1980s. When their impact on businesses and database practices became clear, a flurry or...
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Data Warehouses
Chapter 22
Data Warehousing and OLAP
(pages 127-133)
Jose Hernandez-Orallo
Information systems provide organizations with the necessary information to achieve their goals. Relevant information is gathered and stored to...
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Data Warehousing and OLAP
Chapter 23
Data Warehousing, Multi-Dimensional Data Models and OLAP
(pages 134-139)
Prasad M. Deshpande, Karthikeyan Ramasamy
Since the advent of information technology, businesses have been collecting vast amounts of data about their daily transactions. For example, a...
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Data Warehousing, Multi-Dimensional Data Models and OLAP
Chapter 24
Database Engineering Focusing on Modern Dynamism Crises
(pages 140-146)
Luiz Camolesi Jr., Marina Teresa Pires Vieira
Researchers in several areas (sociology, philosophy, and psychology), among them Herbert Spencer and Abraham Maslow, attribute human actions...
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Database Engineering Focusing on Modern Dynamism Crises
Chapter 25
Database Query Personalization
(pages 147-152)
Georgia Koutrika
Traditional database and information retrieval systems have followed a query-based information access paradigm (i.e., information is returned to the...
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Database Query Personalization
Chapter 26
Database Replication Protocols
(pages 153-157)
Francesc D. Muñoz-Escoí, Luis Irún-Briz, Hendrik Decker
Databases are replicated in order to obtain two complementary features: performance improvement and high availability. Performance can be improved...
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Database Replication Protocols
Chapter 27
Database Support for Workflow Management Systems
(pages 158-161)
Francisco A.C. Pinheiro
A workflow is a series of work processes performed under rules that reflect the formal structure of the organization in which they are carried out...
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Database Support for Workflow Management Systems
Chapter 28
Databases for Mobile Applications
(pages 162-169)
Indranil Bose, Wang Ping, Mok Wai Shan, Wong Ka Shing, Yip Yee Shing, Chan Lit Tin, Shiu Ka Wai
Owing to the rapid development of mobile technology over the past few decades, there have been many different kinds of mobile devices emerging in...
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Databases for Mobile Applications
Chapter 29
Dataveillance and Panoptic Marketspaces
(pages 170-175)
Nikhilesh Dholakia, Detlev Zwick, Anil Pandya
With continuing global growth of electronic commerce, consumers have come to exist in electronic "marketspaces" (Rayport & Sviokla, 1994) that are...
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Dataveillance and Panoptic Marketspaces
Chapter 30
Deriving Spatial Integrity Constraints from Geographic Application Schemas
(pages 176-183)
Clodoveu A. Davis Jr., Karla A.V. Borges, Alberto H.F. Laender
Integrity constraints of various kinds must be observed when creating or updating a database in order to preserve the semantics and the quality of...
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Deriving Spatial Integrity Constraints from Geographic Application Schemas
Chapter 31
A Development Environment for Customer-Oriented Web Business
(pages 184-190)
Choongseok Lee, Woojong Suh, Heeseok Lee
Web business can help companies strengthen the links between customers and suppliers. Under this environment, individual customers are getting much...
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A Development Environment for Customer-Oriented Web Business
Chapter 32
Digital Media Warehouses
(pages 191-194)
Menzo Windhouwer, Martin Kersten
Due to global trends, like the rise of the Internet, the cheapness of storage space and the ease of digital media acquisition, vast collections of...
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Digital Media Warehouses
Chapter 33
Discovering Association Rules in Temporal Databases
(pages 195-200)
Juan M. Ale, Gustavo H. Rossi
The problem of the discovery of association rules comes from the need to discover interesting patterns in transaction data in a supermarket. Since...
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Discovering Association Rules in Temporal Databases
Chapter 34
Document Versioning in Digital Libraries
(pages 201-205)
Mercedes Martínez-González
Digital libraries are systems that contain organized collections of objects, serving in their most basic functions as a mirror of the traditional...
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Document Versioning in Digital Libraries
Chapter 35
E-Government Databases
(pages 206-210)
Catherine Horiuchi
The new face of government is electronic. Prior to the development of e-government, adoption of small-scale computing and networking in homes and...
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E-Government Databases
Chapter 36
E-Mail Data Stores
(pages 211-215)
Catherine Horiuchi
For many people, e-mail has become a running record of their business and personal lives. Somewhere in that big clot of e-mail messages that have...
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E-Mail Data Stores
Chapter 37
Engineering Information Modeling in Databases
(pages 216-222)
Z. M. Ma
Computer-based information technologies have been extensively used to help industries manage their processes and information systems become their...
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Engineering Information Modeling in Databases
Chapter 38
Ensuring Serializability for Mobile-Client Data Caching
(pages 223-228)
Shin Parker, Zhengxin Chen
Data management in mobile computing has emerged as a major research area, and it has found many applications. This research has produced interesting...
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Ensuring Serializability for Mobile-Client Data Caching
Chapter 39
Enterprise Application Integration
(pages 229-232)
Christoph Bussler
As long as businesses only have one enterprise application or back-end application system, there is no need to share data with any other system in...
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Enterprise Application Integration
Chapter 40
Extended Entity Relationship Modeling
(pages 233-239)
Sikha Bagui
With the rising complexity of database applications, the basic concepts of Entity-Relationship (ER) modeling (as originally developed by Chen, 1976)...
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Extended Entity Relationship Modeling
Chapter 41
Extraction-Transformation-Loading Processes
(pages 240-245)
Alkis Simitsis, Panos Vassiliadis, Timos Sellis
A data warehouse (DW) is a collection of technologies aimed at enabling the knowledge worker (executive, manager, analyst, etc.) to make better and...
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Extraction-Transformation-Loading Processes
Chapter 42
Free Software and Open Source Databases
(pages 246-249)
Hugo J. Curti
Free software and open source databases have become a serious alternative to commercial databases. This article states common points and differences...
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Free Software and Open Source Databases
Chapter 43
Fuzzy Database Modeling
(pages 250-257)
Z. M. Ma
A major goal for database research has been the incorporation of additional semantics into the data model. Classical data models often suffer from...
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Fuzzy Database Modeling
Chapter 44
Generic Model Management
(pages 258-265)
Zinovy Diskin, Boris Kadish
Generic model management (gMMt) is a novel view on classical and modern metadata management problems. The present article surveys the goals...
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Generic Model Management
Chapter 45
Geometric Quality in Geographic Information
(pages 266-270)
José Francisco Zelasco, Gaspar Porta, José Luis Fernandez Ausinaga
A typical way to build surface numerical models or Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) for Geographical Information Systems (GIS) is by processing the...
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Geometric Quality in Geographic Information
Chapter 46
Hierarchical Architecture of Expert Systems for Database Management
(pages 271-275)
R. Manjunath
Expert systems have been applied to many areas of research to handle problems effectively. Designing and implementing an expert system is a...
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Hierarchical Architecture of Expert Systems for Database Management
Chapter 47
High Quality Conceptual Schemes
(pages 276-280)
Esko Marjomaa
The questions of quality may be divided into four distinct classes, namely, ontological, epistemological, value-theoretical, and pragmatic. However...
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High Quality Conceptual Schemes
Chapter 48
The Information Quality of Databases
(pages 281-285)
InduShobha Chengalur-Smith, M. Pamela Neely, Thomas Tribunella
A database is only as good as the data in it. Transaction-processing systems and decision-support systems provide data for strategic planning and...
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The Information Quality of Databases
Chapter 49
Integration of Data Semantics in Heterogeneous Database Federations
(pages 286-290)
H. Balsters
Modern information systems are often distributed in nature; data and services are spread over different component systems wishing to cooperate in an...
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Integration of Data Semantics in Heterogeneous Database Federations
Chapter 50
Integrative Document and Content Management Systems' Architecture
(pages 291-297)
Len Asprey, Rolf Green, Michael Middleton
This paper discusses the benefits of managing digital content (business documents and Web content) within the context of an integrative information...
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Integrative Document and Content Management Systems' Architecture
Chapter 51
Intension Mining
(pages 298-303)
Héctor Oscar Nigro, Sandra Elizabeth González Císaro
Knowledge discovery is defined as "the non trivial extraction of implicit, unknown, and potentially useful knowledge of the data" (Fayyad...
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Intension Mining
Chapter 52
Kernelized Database Systems Security
(pages 304-307)
Ramzi A. Haraty
There are two main types of security in database systems: discretionary security and mandatory security. Discretionary security restricts access to...
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Kernelized Database Systems Security
Chapter 53
Knowledge Discovery and Geographical Databases
(pages 308-312)
Sami Faïz
Geographic data are characterized by huge volumes, lack of standards, multiplicity of data sources, multi-scale requirements, and variability in...
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Knowledge Discovery and Geographical Databases
Chapter 54
Knowledge Discovery from Databases
(pages 313-318)
Jose Hernandez-Orallo
As databases are pervading every parcel of reality, they record what happens in and around organizations all over the world. Databases store the...
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Knowledge Discovery from Databases
Chapter 55
Knowledge Management in Tourism
(pages 319-329)
Daniel Xodo, Héctor Oscar Nigro
Management greatly depends on knowledge, and its detection, creation, transmission, and number of intangibles play a fundamental role in success. In...
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Knowledge Management in Tourism
Chapter 56
Knowledge Mining
(pages 330-335)
Mahesh S. Raisinghani
Numerous conferences and several articles in scholarly and business journals have tried to get a handle on knowledge. The growth of knowledge...
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Knowledge Mining
Chapter 57
Logic Databases and Inconsistency Handling
(pages 336-340)
José A. Alonso-Jiménez, Joaquín Borrego-Díaz, Antonia M. Chávez-González
Nowadays, data management on the World Wide Web needs to consider very large knowledge databases (KDB). The larger is a KDB, the smaller the...
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Logic Databases and Inconsistency Handling
Chapter 58
Main Memory Databases
(pages 341-344)
Matthias Meixner
For a long time, hard disks were the only technology that could store enough information to hold a database and offered random access at the same...
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Main Memory Databases
Chapter 59
Managing Inconsistent Databases Using Active Integrity Constraints
(pages 345-350)
Sergio Flesca, Sergio Greco, Ester Zumpano
Integrity constraints are a fundamental part of a database schema. They are generally used to define constraints on data (functional dependencies...
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Managing Inconsistent Databases Using Active Integrity Constraints
Chapter 60
Mathematics of Generic Specifications for Model Management, I
(pages 351-358)
Zinovy Diskin
This article (further referred to as Math-I), and the next one (further referred to as Math-II, see p. 359), form a mathematical companion to the...
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Mathematics of Generic Specifications for Model Management, I
Chapter 61
Mathematics of Generic Specifications for Model Management, II
(pages 359-366)
Zinovy Diskin
This article (further referred to as Math-II), and the previous one (further referred to as Math-I, see p. 351), form a mathematical companion to...
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Mathematics of Generic Specifications for Model Management, II
Chapter 62
Metric Databases
(pages 367-372)
Edgar Chávez, Gonzalo Navarro
The advent of the digital age creates an increasing interest to search for information in large, unstructured repositories containing textual and...
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Metric Databases
Chapter 63
Modeling and Querying Temporal Data
(pages 373-377)
Abdullah Uz Tansel
Databases in general store current data. However, the capability to maintain temporal data is a crucial requirement for many organizations and...
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Modeling and Querying Temporal Data
Chapter 64
Moving Objects Databases
(pages 378-382)
M. Andrea Rodríguez-Tastets
Moving objects databases are particular cases of spatio-temporal databases that represent and manage changes related to the movement of objects....
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Moving Objects Databases
Chapter 65
Multilevel Databases
(pages 383-389)
Alban Gabillon
In the context of multilevel security, every piece of information is associated with a classification level, and every user is associated with a...
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Multilevel Databases
Chapter 66
Multimedia Databases
(pages 390-394)
Mariana Hentea
The Internet and technologies such as high-capacity storage devices, broadband telecommunications systems, and multimedia development software...
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Multimedia Databases
Chapter 67
Multiparticipant Decision Making and Balanced Scorecard Collaborative
(pages 395-402)
Daniel Xodo
The building of decision support system (DSS) for integrated workgroups sets out problems related to the nature of the decision process as well as...
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Multiparticipant Decision Making and Balanced Scorecard Collaborative
Chapter 68
Natural Language Front-End for a Database
(pages 403-407)
Boris Galitsky
Whatever knowledge a database contains, one of the essential questions in its design and usability is how its users will interact with it. If these...
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Natural Language Front-End for a Database
Chapter 69
Normalizing Multimedia Databases
(pages 408-412)
Shi Kuo Chang, Vincenzo Deufemia, Giuseppe Polese
Multimedia databases have been used in many application fields. As opposed to traditional alphanumeric databases, they need enhanced data models and...
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Normalizing Multimedia Databases
Chapter 70
Object Modeling of RDBMS Based Applications
(pages 413-420)
Giuseppe Polese, Vincenzo Deufemia, Gennaro Costagliola, Genny Tortora
As the development of industrial software applications become more complex, the benefits of developing a comprehensive "blueprint" enabling...
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Object Modeling of RDBMS Based Applications
Chapter 71
Object-Relational Modeling in the UML
(pages 421-426)
Jaroslav Zendulka
Modeling techniques play an important role in the development of database applications. One of the trends in current database management systems is...
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Object-Relational Modeling in the UML
Chapter 72
Online Data Mining
(pages 427-432)
Héctor Oscar Nigro, Sandra Elizabeth González Císaro
Several approaches for intelligent data analysis are not only available but also tried and tested. Online analytical processing (OLAP) and data...
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Online Data Mining
Chapter 73
Ontological Assumptions in Information Modeling
(pages 433-437)
John M. Artz
Information modeling is a technique by which a database designer develops a conceptual model of a database depicting the entity classes that will be...
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Ontological Assumptions in Information Modeling
Chapter 74
Ontologies and Their Practical Implementation
(pages 438-449)
Gian Piero Zarri
Starting from the '90s, ontologies have emerged as an important research topic investigated by several research communities (including the database...
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Ontologies and Their Practical Implementation
Chapter 75
Ontology-Based Data Integration
(pages 450-456)
Agustina Buccella, Alejandra Cechich, Nieves Rodríguez Brisaboa
Nowadays, different areas of large modern enterprises use different database management systems to store and search their critical data....
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Ontology-Based Data Integration
Chapter 76
Open Source Database Management Systems
(pages 457-462)
Sulayman K. Sowe, Ioannis Samoladas, Ioannis Stamelos
This article discusses open source database management systems (OSDBMS) trends from two broad perspectives. First, the software engineering...
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Open Source Database Management Systems
Chapter 77
Open Source Software and Information Systems on the Web
(pages 463-468)
Antonio Cartelli
Databases and systems for their management are today more and more important for individual and corporate applications. Furthermore the spreading of...
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Open Source Software and Information Systems on the Web
Chapter 78
Optimization of Continual Queries
(pages 469-471)
Sharifullah Khan
Recent advances in the technologies have made it possible to access information from Internet-scale distributed data sources (Florescu, Levy...
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Optimization of Continual Queries
Chapter 79
Path-Oriented Queries and Tree Inclusion Problem
(pages 472-479)
Yangjun Chen
With the rapid advance of the Internet, management of structured documents such as XML documents has become more and more important (Marchiori...
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Path-Oriented Queries and Tree Inclusion Problem
Chapter 80
Preferred Repairs for Inconsistent Databases
(pages 480-485)
Sergio Greco, Cristina Sirangelo, Irina Trubitsyna, Ester Zumpano
The objective of this article is to investigate the problems related to the extensional integration of information sources. In particular, we...
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Preferred Repairs for Inconsistent Databases
Chapter 81
Proper Placement of Derived Classes in the Class Hierarchy
(pages 486-492)
Reda Alhajj, Faruk Polat
Users may derive new classes by defining views1 based on the current database contents. Some virtual classes are classified as brothers of existing...
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Proper Placement of Derived Classes in the Class Hierarchy
Chapter 82
Querical Data Networks
(pages 493-499)
Cyrus Shahabi, Farnoush Banaei-Kashani
Recently, a family of massive self-organizing data networks has emerged. These networks mainly serve as large-scale distributed query-processing...
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Querical Data Networks
Chapter 83
Query Operators in Temporal XML Databases
(pages 500-505)
Kjetil Nørvåg
The amount of data available in XML is rapidly increasing and at the same time the price of mass storage is rapidly decreasing, and this makes it...
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Query Operators in Temporal XML Databases
Chapter 84
Query Processing for RDF Data
(pages 506-510)
Heiner Stuckenschmidt
The World Wide Web today is a huge network of information resources which was built in order to broadcast information for human users. Consequently...
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Query Processing for RDF Data
Chapter 85
Query Processing in Spatial Databases
(pages 511-516)
Antonio Corral, Michael Vassilakopoulos
Spatial data management has been an active area of intensive research for more than two decades. In order to support spatial objects in a database...
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Query Processing in Spatial Databases
Chapter 86
Raster Databases
(pages 517-523)
Peter Baumann
Spatio-temporal data play an important role in science, both as observed natural phenomena like temperature curves or satellite imagery and as...
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Raster Databases
Chapter 87
Real-Time Databases
(pages 524-529)
Alejandro Buchmann
A variety of applications in the areas of control, navigation, mobile systems, telecommunications, and simulation depend on the timely and...
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Real-Time Databases
Chapter 88
Relational, Object-Oriented and Object-Relational Data Models
(pages 530-535)
Antonio Badia
The relational data model is the dominant paradigm in the commercial database market today, and it has been for several years. However, there have...
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Relational, Object-Oriented and Object-Relational Data Models
Chapter 89
Repairing and Querying Databases with Integrity Constraints
(pages 536-541)
Sergio Greco, Ester Zumpano
Data integration aims at providing a uniform integrated access to multiple heterogeneous information sources, which were designed independently for...
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Repairing and Querying Databases with Integrity Constraints
Chapter 90
Repairing Inconsistent XML Data with Functional Dependencies
(pages 542-547)
Sergio Flesca, Fillippo Furfaro, Sergio Greco, Ester Zumpano
The World Wide Web is of strategic importance as a global repository for information and a means of communicating and sharing knowledge. Its...
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Repairing Inconsistent XML Data with Functional Dependencies
Chapter 91
Replication Mechanisms Over a Set of Distributed UDDI Registries
(pages 548-554)
Zakaria Maamar
This paper presents a research initiative, which aims at developing replication mechanisms for the dynamic management of the content of several...
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Replication Mechanisms Over a Set of Distributed UDDI Registries
Chapter 92
Replication Methods and Their Properties
(pages 555-561)
Lars Frank
The most important evaluation criteria for replication methods are availability, performance, consistency, and costs. Performance and response time...
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Replication Methods and Their Properties
Chapter 93
Rewriting and Efficient Computation of Bound Disjunctive Datalog Queries
(pages 562-569)
Sergio Greco, Ester Zumpano
A strong interest in enhancing Datalog programs by the capability of disjunction emerged in several areas, such as databases, artificial...
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Rewriting and Efficient Computation of Bound Disjunctive Datalog Queries
Chapter 94
A Rhetorical Perspective on Localization and International Outsourcing
(pages 570-574)
Kirk St. Amant
Globalization is increasingly integrating the economies and the societies of the world. Now, products created in one nation are often marketed to a...
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A Rhetorical Perspective on Localization and International Outsourcing
Chapter 95
Rough Sets
(pages 575-580)
Zdzislaw Pawlak, Lech Polkowski, Andrzej Skowron
Rough set theory is a new mathematical approach to imperfect knowledge. The problem of imperfect knowledge, tackled for a long time by philosophers...
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Rough Sets
Chapter 96
Security Controls for Database Technology and Applications
(pages 581-586)
Zoltán Kincses
The word security has many meanings, even for the programmers and other members of the computer science community, but it is often inferred by...
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Security Controls for Database Technology and Applications
Chapter 97
Semantic Enrichment of Geographical Databases
(pages 587-592)
Sami Faïz, Khaoula Mahmoudi
The distributed Web-based multi-document summarization system is conceived to enrich semantically Geographic Databases (GDB) (Faïz, 1999; Scholl et...
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Semantic Enrichment of Geographical Databases
Chapter 98
Semantic Information Management
(pages 593-600)
David G. Schwartz, Zvi Schreiber
The need to manage enterprise data has been coming into increasingly sharp focus for some time. Years ago, data sat in silos attached to specific...
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Semantic Information Management
Chapter 99
Semantically Modeled Enterprise Databases
(pages 601-606)
Cheryl L. Dunn, Severin V. Grabski
A semantically modeled enterprise database is a reflection of the reality of the activities in which an enterprise engages and the resources and...
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Semantically Modeled Enterprise Databases
Chapter 100
Semistructured Data and its Conceptual Models
(pages 607-612)
Murali Mani, Antonio Badia
Semistructured data is data with no predefined schema, or a very flexible schema. Because such data does not fit well in traditional databases, new...
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Semistructured Data and its Conceptual Models
Chapter 101
Sensors, Uncertainty Models, and Probabilistic Queries
(pages 613-618)
Reynold Cheng, Sunil Prabhakar
Sensors are often used to monitor the status of an environment continuously. The sensor readings are reported to the application for making...
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Sensors, Uncertainty Models, and Probabilistic Queries
Chapter 102
Service Mechanism Quality for Enhanced Mobile Multimedia Database Query Processing
(pages 619-623)
Yanpu Zhang, Zhengxin Chen
Among the challenges of multimedia and mobile computing, providing a mechanism for data retrieval in multimedia databases under wireless mobile...
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Service Mechanism Quality for Enhanced Mobile Multimedia Database Query Processing
Chapter 103
Set Comparison in Relational Query Languages
(pages 624-631)
Mohammad Dadashzadeh
Today's de facto database standard, the relational database, was conceived in the late 1960's by Edgar F. Codd at IBM. The relational data model...
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Set Comparison in Relational Query Languages
Chapter 104
Set Valued Attributes
(pages 632-637)
Karthikeyan Ramasamy, Prasad M. Deshpande
About three decades ago, when Codd (1970) invented the relational database model, it took the database world by storm. The enterprises that adapted...
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Set Valued Attributes
Chapter 105
Signature Files and Signature File Construction
(pages 638-645)
Yangjun Chen, Yong Shi
An important question in information retrieval is how to create a database index which can be searched efficiently for the data one seeks. Today...
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Signature Files and Signature File Construction
Chapter 106
Similarity Search in Time Series Databases
(pages 646-651)
Maria Kontaki, Apostolos N. Papadopoulos, Yannis Manolopoulos
In many application domains, data can be represented as a series of values (time series). Examples include stocks, seismic signals, audio, and many...
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Similarity Search in Time Series Databases
Chapter 107
Spatio-Temporal Indexing Techniques
(pages 652-657)
Michael Vassilakopoulos, Antonio Corral
Time and space are ubiquitous aspects of reality. Temporal and spatial information appear together in many everyday activities, and many information...
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Spatio-Temporal Indexing Techniques
Chapter 108
Storing XML Documents in Databases
(pages 658-664)
Albrecht Schmidt, Stefan Manegold, Martin Kersten
Ever since the Extensible Markup Language (XML) (W3C, 1998b) began to be used to exchange data between diverse sources, interest has grown in...
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Storing XML Documents in Databases
Chapter 109
Symbolic Objects and Symbolic Data Analysis
(pages 665-670)
Héctor Oscar Nigro, Sandra Elizabeth González Císaro
Today's technology allows storing vast quantities of information from different sources in nature. This information has missing values, nulls...
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Symbolic Objects and Symbolic Data Analysis
Chapter 110
Syntactical and Semantical Correctness of Pictorial Queries for GIS
(pages 671-676)
Fernando Ferri, Maurizio Rafanelli
One of the main topics in geographical information systems (GIS) research concerns the definition of high level visual query languages (Chrisman...
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Syntactical and Semantical Correctness of Pictorial Queries for GIS
Chapter 111
Temporal Databases
(pages 677-682)
Mahesh S. Raisinghani, Chris Klassen
Information has emerged as an agent of integration and the enabler of new competitiveness for today's enterprise in the global marketplace. The...
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Temporal Databases
Chapter 112
Text Categorization
(pages 683-687)
Fabrizio Sebastiani
During the last 15 years, the production of documents in digital form has exploded, due to the increased availability of hardware and software tools...
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Text Categorization
Chapter 113
Text Databases
(pages 688-694)
Gonzaloz Navarro
A text is any sequence of symbols (or characters) drawn from an alphabet. A large portion of the information available worldwide in electronic form...
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Text Databases
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text:
NYPA TO EXHIBIT AN ORIGINAL RUNNER AS VISITORS CENTER ATTRACTION: 90-Ton Turbine Blade Lifted Into Position Thursday
Steve Ramsey
January 28, 2010
NORTH BLENHEIM– The Power Authority's Visitor Center inherited a piece of history from the Blenheim-Gilboa Pumped Storage Power Project today when one of the plant's original runners, or turbine blades—a major component of the plant's four turbine generating units, was placed on a special foundation for public display.
A new, custom- designed, 90-ton, 20-foot wide runner arrived at the Blenheim-Gilboa project on Wednesday to replace one at the power plant with similar dimensions. Removed from the power house several weeks ago, the original runner travelled to the Blenheim-Gilboa Visitors Center Thursday morning and was lifted by crane onto a concrete base on the grounds of the visitors center.
Replacement of the plant's four turbine runners with a new higher efficiency design is a major part of the Blenheim-Gilboa project's four-year Life Extension and Modernization Program (LEM) and the most significant factor in increasing the maximum capacity of each of the plant's four turbine generators from 260 megawatts (mw) to approximately 290 mw. At the conclusion of the LEM program (expected in June 2010), it is projected that the Blenheim-Gilboa project, rated originally at 1,040 mw, will be capable of producing approximately 1,160 mw of electricity.
The turbine runner being placed on display is one of four that generated over 48 million megawatt hours (mwh) of power between June 1973 when the plant was commissioned and September 2009 when this runner, the last of the original runners, was removed from service. The electricity generated by 48 million mwh is enough to power all of New York City for nearly one year.
The other three runners replaced earlier in the LEM process were recycled as part of the project scope.
The LEM program marks the first time the pumped-storage project has been upgraded with new turbines since it went into service in 1973. The $135 million upgrade will allow the Blenheim-Gilboa project to produce more power from the same amount of water while extending the facility's record of reliable service for decades ahead.
About NYPA:
■ The New York Power Authority uses no tax money or state credit. It finances its operations through the sale of bonds and revenues earned in large part through sales of electricity. ■ NYPA is a leader in promoting energy efficiency, new energy technologies and electric transportation initiatives. ■ It is the nation's largest state public power organization, with 17 generating facilities in various parts of New York State and more than 1,400 circuit-miles of transmission lines. ■ More than 80 percent of the electricity it produces is clean renewable hydropower. Its lower-cost power production and electricity purchases support hundreds of thousands of jobs throughout the state. ■For more information, www.nypa.gov.


text:
Greetings fellow tea aficionados! We all hope you will join us on TeaDay ... and share what is in your cup throughout the day.
Yesterday we discussed whether you must "force yourself" out of your fave TeaZone/TeaComfort zone? Please continue to discuss yesterday's topic.
Today's TeaPoll and discussion topic. Do you ... place/store all your teas according to nation and/or region of origin? Or not? Please share.
We are all looking forward to sharing this TeaDay with everyone, bottoms up!


text:
Residents get more crime updates
MARSHALL – Several Marshall residents interested in forming neighborhood watch groups gathered at the Marshall Law Enforcement Center on Monday night, as local law enforcement shared strategies and resources for getting started.
"Having the public take steps to reduce the chance of being victimized, and to have the public as the eyes and ears of the police department, is really critical," said Marshall Public Safety Director Rob Yant.
About a dozen people attended the meeting, but the police department also has resource materials to help other residents who want to form watch groups.
In the first half of the meeting, Sgt. Jim Marshall of the Marshall Police shared recent crime and burglary statistics and compared them to crime rates in Marshall over the past 10 years. There were 130 burglaries reported in 2012, the highest in a decade, Marshall said. The next closest year was 2007, with 124 burglaries. Marshall said the two spikes were somewhat surprising, because otherwise burglary rates tended to stay around a consistently lower level.
While burglary rates were up in 2012, reports of theft were the lowest they've been in 10 years, Marshall said. Police records make a distinction between burglaries and thefts, he said.
"A burglary is going to involve a dwelling or business," Marshall said, while theft can include incidents like property being stolen from a vehicle.
After a rash of burglaries in September and October, Marshall said, burglary rates have dropped off significantly. Meanwhile, calls about suspicious activity were up in October and November. Two burglaries have been reported this month, but some of the more recent incidents don't share similarities with earlier burglaries, he said.
Marshall said investigations were ongoing, and police have given suspects in the incidents "a lot of attention."
Yant also discussed strategies for residents to form and maintain healthy neighborhood watch groups.
To get started, he suggested residents contact neighbors on their block or street, and invite them to a watch group meeting. Meetings don't have to be formal, he said, and they provide an opportunity for neighbors to get each other's contact information and talk about ways to deter crime and watch out for each other.
Planning neighborhood events, like participating in National Night Out, is another way for neighborhood groups to come together, he said.
The police department would also be able to provide neighborhood groups with information and resource materials from the National Neighborhood Watch Institute, as well as neighborhood watch signs, Yant said.
Two Marshall neighborhoods have already started organizing community watch groups, Yant said.
Residents looking for information or assistance in organizing a watch group can contact Kim Rupp at 537-7000.
Yant said another opportunity for residents to learn about crime prevention and law enforcement will be through the Marshall Police's Citizens' Police Academy, which will be held on Feb. 24 and March 3. Residents need to apply to attend the academy, and applications need to be submitted by Feb. 20. More information and application forms are available on the Marshall city website, marshallmn.com, and at gomarshall.net.


text: By the sound effects you can tell that there isn't any fairy at all. It's a story about evil dentist and his tools and drills. This song is mixture of two music directions combined in one. So I hope that you gonna love this song, cause she will be great part of your project, And it does not have to be a horror theme, she can be used as theme for some dancing movie, or some game, video, as commercial music theme for your dentist office. I am offering it to you in mp3 and wav format. Any comment is welcome and please don't forget to rate. Thank you and best regards!


text:
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Product Description
The long awaited ENVE seat post is here and does not disappoint. Thanks to its strong one piece molded design, this post is equally at home on technical single track as it is on the asphalt. It features an unbelievable weight and streamlined looks with a single bolt design that may be adjusted with one hand. Ample fore/aft adjustment and infinite angle adjustments are at your fingertips.
- Weight: 190 g (31.6, 400mm)
- Diameter: 27.2, 30.9, 31.6, 34.9
- Length: 400mm
- Offset: 0mm
- Finish: Uni


text:
Flood bills change
BISMARCK Landlords could receive state loans to help rebuild flooded properties under a change to the Rebuilders Loan Program approved by North Dakota legislators Monday.
The bill now goes to the governor for consideration.
To qualify for up to $30,000 in loan assistance, the owner of a rental housing in the Souris Valley must have been the owner at the time of the 2011 flood and the number of households in the property rebuilt must remain the same as before the flood. That property can consist of one or more rental dwelling units, none of which is occupied by the owner, and excludes hotels, motels and other commercial properties.
As with the existing loan program for homeowners, the interest rate would be 1 percent for up to 20 years. Unlike the homeowner program, there is no deferral of principal and interest for two years.
If the governor signs the bill, the change would take effect immediately, and property owners would have until Sept. 30 to apply. Rep. Scott Louser, R-Minot, introduced the bill.
The Legislature established the Rebuilders Loan Program after flooding in 2011. It is open to residents in Ward, Renville, McHenry and other counties that received presidential disaster declarations.
Also on Monday, the House passed a bill sponsored by Sen. Karen Krebsbach, R-Minot, that allows residents of Federal Emergency Management Agency temporary housing units to receive Rebuilders loans to purchase their units. The application period would run through September.
The House amended the Senate bill to enable homeowners who received an initial $30,000 loan to borrow up to another $20,000 from the fund. The Bank of North Dakota would accept these supplemental loan applications between Oct. 1 and Dec. 31. Because of the amendment, the bill now goes back to the Senate.
Flood-related bills killed in the North Dakota House would have given an income-tax credit to flood victims and would have forgiven a third of Rebuilders loans after five years if borrowers were current in their payments.


text:
iHerb Commentaires des clients
Économie de: €3.98 (30 % de remise)
Very sweet - excellent!
Publié par TrueReviews le Nov 15, 2013
I use it in my coffee and hot chocolate. Very sweet, few drops are what it takes. I love the fact it is alcohol free. I usually get the bigger bottle and it lasts me for months. Click on my username for more reviews! If you thought that this review was helpful please feel free to press the 'yes' button.
Simply Great Taste
Publié par 5019955010005681717 le Sep 23, 2013
This stevia fits the bill when you need to add a bit of sweetness. No after taste and easy to use next time I will buy two, one to travel with me wherever I go!
Best Stevia I've tried
Publié par Reviewer1632085 le Feb 07, 2008
I have tried numerous forms of Stevia...other brands, those w/alcohol, powder packets, etc. and this is the best Stevia I have used...it has the least aftertaste! I am thrilled with this product!! It has revolutionized by ice tea!!
Best Stevia!
Publié par Reviewer1680702 le Jan 15, 2008
Previously, I used Innovative Naturals alcohol-free Stevia extract, but since they have gone out of business, I had to find another brand. I am very pleased with this one. It tastes fantastic in my iced tea!
Publié par Reviewer2533401 le Jul 15, 2008
Excellent! Use in my tea, smoothies, yogurt, etc.
Nice Taste
Publié par Reviewer1993412 le Oct 20, 2011
Best tasting stevia brand I've tried.
Publié par Reviewer1910014 le Oct 30, 2010
I love this stuff. As sweet ad you like or not you choose the drops. Better than the packets.
Publié par Reviewer1528888 le Feb 22, 2012
I love, love this stevia. I've been using the powder packets from from Trader Joe's for quite some time which I have liked but not nearly as much as this liquid form. There is no after taste and I like that the stevia is in it's most natural form. I have already told many people about this product and will continue to do so!!
Muy buen endulzante
Publié par 5465918447445686213 le Feb 20, 2013
Acerté comprando esta Stevia ya que había bastantes tipos en la web y me fié de las buenas opiniones. Lo uso para endulzar el café, té, yogures, etc. y deja un sabor dulce muy bueno, lo recomiendo.
No artificial taste
Publié par LovingLife85 le Nov 28, 2016
NuNaturals makes the best stevia products. This one is my favorite. -Add it to green smoothies that just need a bit of sweetness or to paleo/candida diet baked goods. A bottle lasts a long time and there is no after taste. -Doesn't give me the issues the stomach issues that xylitol or erythritol do.
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text:
MainStreet is WKU PBS's Emmy Award Winning local cultural magazine program spotlighting culture, arts, and interesting people, places, and things from all around the commonwealth of Kentucky.
Outlook goes beyond the thirty-second sound bite to give a story the time it deserves. Hosted by Emmy Award winner Barbara Deeb, Outlook offers compelling and informative insight into issues that affect us all.
Click to watch!
Catch your favorite local shows on our YouTube Channel!


text:
Because of the illustrations (which hopefully were helpful), issue 6 was slightly larger than usual. A few subscribers' emails were bounced back and some might have had their email sent to their spam/bulk mail folder.
If you didn't receive issue 6, please let me know and we'll get it to you. And if you subscribe now, I'll start you off with issue 6 which compares an original deed with the courthouse record copy.


text:
Save the Date: Saturday, June 7, 2014
Come visit the Thomas Edison National Historical Park in West Orange, NJ. It will be Edison Day, a day-long celebration of the accomplishments of the world's iconic inventor/entrepreneur.
See recordings as they were made on Edison phonographs, using the old-style recording cylinders; and learn how this technology developed and matured. See some of the first short motion pictures; and a model of the first motion picture studio-which was solar powered, using sunlight to make the movies.
Step back into the late 1880s as you tour the magnificent Edison Victorian style home (Glenmont); and visit the geothermal heating and cooling system built into the basement of the home in 2005/2006.
See Edison's antique gasoline and electric vehicles in his nearby historic garage. Learn how Edison was promoting electric vehicles over 100 years ago!
This year there will be a street fair and many special attractions for you and the family to enjoy. If you have kids studying STEM-style programs in school, this is the place for you to learn how Edison's inventive and creative work fits directly into the way school districts are integrating the subject matter in schools today.


text:
Many times each month, celebrities get dressed up to walk the red carpet for a lot of different events. Some celebrities choose fashion that is trendy, some dress classic, and some you are not quite sure why they chose what they are wearing.
For the month of April, there were a few outfits that caught my attention. First, is Shailene Woodley and Ansel Elgart, both starring in the movie Divergent, who were seen posing together at the MTV Movie Awards that were held on April 13th at the Nokia Theater in Los Angeles. Shailene definitely has her "gladiator" on with this outfit. Her pleated olive leather skirt with the high-waisted, gold-trimmed belt accentuates her long legs and black strappy, ankle-high sandals. Shailene's long sleeve, knotted matching leather top compliments the bottom half perfectly. Ansel Elgart airs on the conservative side with his all black ensemble, but keeps it interesting with a tonal, micro-pattern blazer, skinny trousers, and a great pair of black leather monk strap boots with decorative buckles.


text:
Rs.11.25for 1 strip(s) (4 tablets each)
Report Error
Composition FOR EUNICESildenafil(100 mg)
food interaction for EUNICE
alcohol interaction for EUNICE
pregnancy interaction for EUNICE
lactation interaction for EUNICE
medicine interaction for EUNICE
It can be taken with or without food, but it is better to take Eunice 100 mg tablet at a fixed time.
Avoid Eunice 100 mg tablet with grapefruit juice.
Avoid Eunice 100 mg tablet with grapefruit juice.
Taking Sildenafil with alcohol may lower blood pressure.
Eunice 100 mg tablet is probably safe to use during pregnancy.
Animal studies have shown low or no adverse effect on the foetus, however, there are limited human studies. Please consult your doctor.
Animal studies have shown low or no adverse effect on the foetus, however, there are limited human studies. Please consult your doctor.
Unknown. Human and animal studies are not available. Please consult your doctor.
Sildenafil(100 mg)
Eunice 100 mg tablet is used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (inadequate penile erection during sexual activity) and pulmonary hypertension (high pressure in the blood vessels of lungs)
How it works
Eunice 100 mg tablet increases blood flow to the penis by relaxing the muscles in penile blood vessels. Eunice 100 mg tablet will help to get an erection only if the person is sexually stimulated.
Common side effects
Headache, Erythema, Breathlessness, Flushing, Hay fever, Insomnia, Dyspepsia, Nose bleed
58 Substitutes
58 Substitutes
Sorted By
- MANFORCE 100 MG TABLET(4 tablets in strip)Mankind Pharma LtdRs. 58/tabletRs. 232pay 1962% more per tablet
- PENEGRA 100 MG TABLET(4 tablets in strip)Zydus CadilaRs. 50.27/tabletRs. 201.10pay 1688% more per tablet
- VIAGRA 100 MG TABLET(1 tablet in strip)Pfizer LtdRs. 621.85/tabletRs. 621.85pay 22010% more per tablet
- CAVERTA 100 MG TABLET(4 tablets in strip)Sun Pharmaceutical Industries LtdRs. 58.75/tabletRs. 235pay 1989% more per tablet
- JUAN 100 MG TABLET(4 tablets in strip)Cadila Pharmaceuticals LtdRs. 55.60/tabletRs. 222.40pay 1877% more per tablet
Expert advice FOR EUNICE
- Sildenafil should not be taken more than once a day.
- It's best to take this drug about 1 hour before sexual activity, but you can take it anywhere between 4 hours and 30 minutes before you need it.
- If you have an erection for more than 4 hours, call a doctor.
- The drug works best when taken on an empty stomach.
- Do not take sildenafil if you are also using a nitrate drug for chest pain or heart problems.
- Sildenafil may cause dizziness. Do not drive or operate machinery after taking sildenafil.
- Drinking alcohol before taking sildenafil can temporarily impair the ability to get an erection. To get the maximum benefit from the medicine, it is advised not to drink excessive amounts of alcohol before taking sildenafil.
Frequently asked questions FOR EUNICE
Q. Is sildenafil citrate safe and effective?
Sildenafil citrate (also available as viagra, sildenafil, suhagra, caverta) is safe and effective if used at prescribed doses for the prescribed duration as advised by your doctor
Q. Can I take sildenafil citrate for fun / premature ejaculation/ increasing size?
Sildenafil citrate is prescribed by doctor for men with inability to achieve and maintain penile erection. Always consult your doctor regarding its use, as it is available only on doctor's prescription
Q. Can I take sildenafil citrate in hand luggage during travel?
If you have a prescription, sildenafil citrate can be taken in hand luggage.


text:
Dorcas Adeyemi had never even spoken to her grandchildren until she got to make a call on a mobile phone.
"My strongest memory of a mobile phone would be when I used one to call my grandchildren in South Africa for the first time," says 74-year-old Dorcas from her home in Lagos, Nigeria.
"They were born and raised there. I had never seen them before but I was able to talk to them as if they were here with me."
Dorcas is one of billions of people who have got access to mobile communications for the first time over the past decade. For many of these people, the mobile phone has been the first form of telecommunication for entire communities, opening up a wealth of possibilities in personal contacts, business opportunities and social benefits.
Mobile phone subscriptions reached the 4 billion milestone in 2008, up from 2.7 billion in 2006. The vast majority of growth in subscriber numbers is happening in emerging economies.
The arrival of mobile communication is bringing countless benefits to people and their societies, including:
Ericsson works actively to support the growth of telecom services in emerging economies, many of which face specific challenges.
In some, a lack of infrastructure means mobile networks have to be built from the ground up. Base stations may be located in remote regions, well out of the range of power grids and difficult to reach. Innovative solutions – such as hybrid power and our energy-efficient RBS 2216 base station – reduce the network's dependence on power, meaning operators can service more remote areas and reach more people. Advanced radio network design, sometimes using fewer, larger sites, and sophisticated cell-planning, can make all the difference in sparsely populated regions.
Forward-thinking charging and billing systems can make telecommunications affordable to people in emerging markets, giving subscribers control over their communications costs and strengthening operators' business offerings. Pre-paid and post-paid options together with electronic top-ups build a solid foundation for success. We also help operators with advanced approaches, such as our Dynamic Discount Solution, which lets them attract callers during low-traffic periods, optimizing network use and giving subscribers more ways to save money when they communicate.
There are some things that even Ericsson can't solve, however. As much as she loves talking to her grandchildren, Dorcas finds her phone annoying at times. "It can be a pest. It chooses the wrong moments to ring, but I still love it. I sometimes call it 'Okere' (squirrel) because of the funny ringtones that remind me of the little animals that live in the palm trees."


text:
Moderators: peeker643, swerb, pup, papacass
by furls » Tue Jun 14, 2011 2:04 pm
by peeker643 » Tue Jun 14, 2011 2:09 pm
furls wrote:I am not sure if Johnathan frequents these boards, but that is one of the funniest most interesting articles I have ever read (and I read alot). Well done sir.That is the first piece of yours that I have read, but it will not be the last!
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text:
Why the U.S. Stinks at Mobile Payments: Street Whispers
NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -Consumer Financial Protection Bureau director Richard Cordray presumably wore a straight face during a speech Wednesday in Mountain View, Calif., subtitled "Stimulating Innovation in Financial Products and Services," though it is easy to be skeptical.
Few in the U.S. look to a regulator for innovation, though to Cordray's credit, his speech contained at least a few specifics--real companies with which the CFPB is collaborating. These include BillGuard, a company that alerts consumers to questionable charges on their debit and credit cards, which will share its billing dispute data with the bureau , and Simple and Plastyc--mobile banking companies that aim to replace traditional banks.
Details about these collaborations are still scarce, however, and Robert Atkinson, president of the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF), has his doubts about whether the new regulator will embrace innovation.
One area where Atkinson would like to see the U.S. make progress is with mobile payments. There has been lots of hype surrounding a well-financed start-up called Square and its recently announced partnership with Starbucks(SBUX) , as well as efforts by Bank of America (BAC) Citigroup(C) and JPMorgan Chase (JPM) , among others, to offer mobile payments technology to their customers. Still, the U.S. is well behind Japan and South Korea in embracing this technology, and a 2009 paper by ITIF senior analyst Stephen Ezell lays out some of the issues that need to be addressed to catch up.
"Countries can't just snap their fingers and put a mobile payments infrastructure in place or expect that because the technology is now ready the private sector will simply deploy it," Ezell writes. "Mobile payments entail a complex, system-interdependent ecosystem with many players--including mobile network operators (MNOs), handset manufacturers, financial institutions including major banks and credit card issuers, merchants, public transit authorities, government agencies, third party application providers, and consumers--whose success is dependent on joint action by all the players together at the same time. Everyone must act collaboratively in the ecosystem simultaneously, but this is not something at which markets tend to be very good."
There is a potential role for government in helping to coordinate these players, but when Atkinson sat on a panel in March with Mark Egerman, a CFPB official charged with overseeing the mobile-payments market, he didn't get the impression the CFPB was interested in embracing it.
"I don't recall him saying anything about proactively supporting an innovation role," Atkinson told me.
Egerman has since left the CFPB to start his own mobile payments company, and so he made clear his views no longer can be construed to represent those of the regulator. (A CFPB spokeswoman sent me a speech by a CFPB official that addressed mobile payments in an effort to deflect Atkinson's criticism.)


text:
Nvidia Corp. said that it had no plans to sell graphics boards under its own trademark in Europe. Although Nvidia recently started to supply select own-brand graphics boards to Best Buy stores in the U.S., the company believes it makes no sense to approach European retail chains with similar products.
"We have no plans to do that outside Best Buy stores [in the U.S.]. It is a unique marketing initiative with Best Buy," said Bryan Del Rizzo, the head of marketing department of GeForce and consumer desktop products at Nvidia.
There are a lot of retail chains in Europe that sell electronics. Moreover, although in the U.S. virtually all customers with knowledge of the graphics cards acquire them in online stores, in European countries there are customers, who actually buy graphics adapters in retail. Moreover, in countries like the Russian Federation, Ukraine or the Republic of Belarus almost all the hardware is bought in retail. This ensures that potential Nvidia-branded graphics boards could see success in at least some countries of the region.
Recently Life goes on and recently Nvidia initiated selling graphics cards under its own brand in Best Buy stores in the U.S., following the example of 3dfx and ATI.
Nvidia's decision to try the same business model as 3dfx and ATI seems to be very strange, given cut-throat competition on the market of graphics cards as well as the fact that Best Buy is hardly a place where the vast majority of customers are getting their graphics cards. Moreover, competition with its own exclusive partners means that those companies no longer have to be loyal with Nvidia and try their luck with competing ATI Radeon graphics chips from Advanced Micro Devices.
Considering the fact that Nvidia does not own production facilities to produce graphics boards in large quantities, the company outsources production to Foxconn Electronics into China and call center support to India.
Tags: Nvidia, Geforce, Business