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I fail to see the difference between the two.
Isn't this the same Kennedy who's also worked up about global warming?
A book should be written on distorted headlines.
Who's John Kerry????
That's not a very wide range on the spectrum.
Easy, BDS= Bush Derangement Syndrome
Interestingly, this assertion was make at the kookie Kos convention this weekend by George Lakoff(rhymes with...). He had a short while before discussed his "framing" approach and added that one must engage one's opponents with respect and kindness. Then he said that Republican positions were resulting in the deaths of babies and told this big fat lie. I understand he is a tenured professor at Berkeley.
Fact. The son of a Democrat politician slashed the tires of dozens of rented vans outside of GOP offices on election day.
There were dirty tricks in the 2004 election cycle. The media is an accomplice. From reporting Zogby's biased poll sample as "fact" to the unquestioned week long exposure of the forged National Guard memos.
Rats lie cheat and steal. Elections are an "unfortunate formality". Their god complex and dreams of designing a socialist Utopia make it "excusable" in their eyes.
Their latest is the one about taking over The House in November.
This should come as no surprise. The far left and their liberal stooges in the media approach subjects like this based on their "feelings", their "perceptions", their "suspicions", etc., ad nauseum.
Conservatives, and most reasonable people deal in facts. Facts which can be backed up. That doesn't mean that conservatives can't deal in hypothetical situations, but when it comes to whether or not an election was "stolen", there is FAR more evidence that Democrats made a serious attempt to steal the 2000 election in Florida, something that RFK Jr. would probably conclude was "not likely".
As for John F'in Moonbat, the best thing he can do for America is to inflict upon himself the sorts of imaginary war crimes that he accused his fellow servicemen of when he committed perjury before the U.S. Senate back when he was just a nice young Communist fresh back from Vietnam with his three Purple Hearts for serious scratches, and the rest of that noise.
Conversely, I find it fishy that the exit polls were so skewed toward Kerry when compared to the real result.
The missing WMDs are likely missing because the Iraqis knew that we were coming for months. They had time to move the WMDs to Syria. They also had time to burn many of the chemical weapons in incinerators or even regular power boilers. They also had and fired rockets that were prohibited under the terms of their 1991 surrender. Whether they technically had chemical, nuclear, or biological weapons, they were in violation and deserved to be invaded. Furthermore, we lost 3,000 Americans on September 11, 2001. That act of war by our Muslim enemies was further justification to destroy unfriendly Muslim governments.
Why are so many professors so out to lunch. I saw this Crispen guy on C-span and he is another anti christian bigot. He and the rest of the loony left thinks if one just believes is the basics of Christianty you are a FUNDAMENTALIST the LeFTs new boogy word.
"Why would Kennedy damage his credibility this way?"
Kennedy has credibility? Who knew?
(Denny Crane: "Every one should carry a gun strapped to their waist. We need more - not less guns.")
Well... maybe the lines were long because Republicans were voting while the Dems stayed home and watched porno flicks.
Asking Kerry about what happened is risky since he is a well documented liar about his Viet Nam experiences. RFK Jr. takes hypocrisy and elitism to levels that match if not top Hillary.
With the so called election reform, so called 527 groups came to power especially in the Democratic party.
A group sponsored by George Soros was put in charge of increasing Democratic Registrations in Ohio. The Democratic party doesn't get anywhere near the number of volunteers the Republican party gets. So they hired people to register new voters. I'm sure the people in charge of this operation in Ohio were inexperienced in registering voters. They did decide not to put the people they hired on an hourly wage. They decided to pay them 10 dollars commission per person registered.
That in and of itself shows the lack of knowledge on the part of the people charge of registering Democrats. Republican volunteers know that it takes about 3 hours work to register just one new voter. If you go door to door in 3 hours you will find a person from your party that wants to register to vote.
As you can see a person working for the democrats for 8 hours a day would earn about $26.66 cents a day. That is three dollars and 66 cents an hour. They had to provide their own transportation... There was no way that registering Democratic voters was a viable job.
I think most if not all honest people quit after a few days. But then someone figured out how to beat the system. Just get a phone book with some legitimate addresses and last names and make up some voter registrations. Soon people were turning in as many as 100 new Democratic registrations a day. We heard stories of the those registering Democratic voters making as much as thousand dollars a day.
When a new voter registers in Ohio a confirmation post card is sent to that voter. In many counties thousands of these confirmation cards came back from the post office with either an address unknown or person unknown return reason. Bush hired lawyers checke the number of confirmations returned as undeliverable and reported to the Bush campaign.
I was called by the Bush Campaign headquarters in Columbus to get a list of the fake voter registrations in Pike County Ohio. There were a large number. The fear was that the Kerry camp might on election day send out some people to vote as a different person in many precincts. The Bush campaign was preparing to do what it took to prevent them from doing it.
The story made the news when someone tried to register Marry Poppins, and other Disney character names in Defiance, County Ohio. But the Bush campaign was well aware of what was going on long before that.
Some precincts actually had more people registered to vote than lived in the precinct.
On election day the Bush camp had observers in every precinct where these fake voters were registered. They were prepared to challenge any one who tried to vote using one fo the new registrations that had fake names or fake addresses. These were professional observers who were flown in from D.C. the night before the election. They all had cell phones and were backed up by local lawyers hired by the Bush campaign.
But by early afternoon election day it was clear that the fake voters were not going to be voted by anyone. There were about a quarter of a million of them. The Democrats had spent at least 2.5 million dollars to register fake names that never voted. Events later proved that the Kerry camp thought the registrations were valid. The Kerry Campaign and Democratic party had been ripped off.
What was interesting is the exit polls used these fake Democrat registrations to calculate the number of likely Democratic voters. That was used to weight the exit polls that showed Kerry winning Ohio.
At 10 o'clock on Election night Democrats were still telling the media that there were 250 thousand more Democratic votes out there. The Kerry camp even asked the Ohio Secretary of State Ken Blackwell to call every one of the 88 boards of elections to make sure all votes had been counted. They were sure those 250,000 Kerry votes were still out there somewhere.
It was not until the next morning when reportedly the Kerry camp called Democratic members of the Ohio boards of elections and learned that nearly 250,000 Democratic confirmations had been returned for fake name or fake address errors.
The interesting thing was the Bush campaign had properly registered 80,000 new voters in Ohio. Most Bush volunteer that registered voters only managed to register a handful of new Republican voters .... Many only one or two. But there were tens of thousands of Bush volunteers. All new people registered by Bush volunteers went through the local Republican party. A local staffer called every new registrant to confirm they were legit. It was played as a thank you for registering call, but it was also to make sure the person was legit. Then the board of elections was checked to make sure the person got the cofirmation post card. The Bush registrations were all valid and minety some percent of them voted.
The pre-election polls and the exit polls all used the fake registrations to weight the Democratic turn out. Once again Democrats screwed themselves.
I have often wondered who the person was who was in charge of registering new Democratic voters. How could such a person not know that those he or she hired were turning in fake registrations. Why didn't they do any checking to make sure the registrations were legit? Why didn't they stop it the rip off.
Bush volunteers were paid nothing.. not even expenses. There was zero motivation for bush volunteers to do fake registrations. But that did not keep the Republican party from checking every single person registered to make sure they were legit.
I have no inside information about the Democrat effort. But my guess is that person in charge was also being paid on commission and not very honest. If so that person likely got a ton of money and had zero reasons to let the Kerry campaign staff know they were being ripped off.
If you want a Culture of Corruption one needs look no farther than the Kerry campaign and the Democratic party. They do indeed cheat themselves.
Amazing. The Democratic Party has learned *absolutely nothing* since 2004.
The Democrats lost because Kerry was the worst candidate the Democratic Party has run since Michael Dukakis.
The Democrats lost because they continue to embrace the radical left policies of Kerry and Dean at the expensive of the average American voter.
The Democrats lost because their leadership looks down their elitist noses at those of few of us Democrats who can remember when it was the party of Scoop Jackson and Pat Moynahan, and who can also remember when God wasn't considered a four-letter word.


text: This gorgeous and extremly exotic red hairstyle looks sexy as hell and extravagant which is a great look for bold women who dare trying something different and like to stand out of the crowd. To top off the crazy color the dreadlocks are twisted into some beautiful kinky messy curls which ads even more pizzazz to this oh so hot look! Maintenance could be quite a challenge especially with the flashy color but if you are willing to put up with the required care and treatment needed this looks is a definite yes for women who are a little more daring. Let us know what you guys think about this one in the comments below.

subset: commoncrawl


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Food Habits
Apis mellifera feed on pollen and nectar collected from blooming flowers. They also eat honey (stored, concentrated nectar) and secretions produced by other members of their colony.
Workers forage for food (nectar and pollen) for the entire colony. They use their tongues to suck up nectar, and store it in the anterior section of the digestive tract, called the crop. They collect pollen by grooming it off the bodies and onto special structures on their hind legs called pollen baskets.
Returning foragers transfer the nectar they have collected to younger worker bees that in turn feed other members of the hive, or process it into honey for long-term storage. They add enzymes to the honey, and store it in open cells where the water can evaporate, concentrating the sugars.
Young workers eat pollen and nectar, and secrete food materials, called "royal jelly" and "worker jelly", from glands in their heads. This material is fed to young larvae, and the amount and type they get determines if they will be queens or workers.
Honeybees forage during daylight hours, but are equally active on cloudy or sunny days. They will not fly in heavy rain or high winds, or if the temperature is too extreme (workers can't fly when they get below 10°C). During the warm, calm weather the honeybees collect the most pollen even if it is cloudy. If the light intensity changes rapidly, they immediately stop working and return to the hive. If it lightly rains, pollen collection stops, because moisture inhibits the bee's ability to collect it. However, nectar collection is not inhibited by light rain. Wind also affects the rate of pollen collection.
Honeybee workers are opportunistic. They will steal from other hives if they can. Hive-robbing can be dangerous, but a weakened or damaged hive may be raided by workers from other hives, especially when nectar flows in flowers are not abundant. Honeybees will also collect "honeydew," the sweet fluid excreted by sap-feeding insects like Aphididae. (Adjare, 1990; Gonzalez et al., 1995; Percival, 1947; Sammataro and Avitabile, 1998)


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Curriculum Vitae
Th.C. de Winter (Don), M.D.
Born 1 February 1965,
Married, a lovely daughter and a sturdy son,
Medical study Leiden University, (graduated cum laude December 1989)
Head Medical Affairs Netherlands Rugby Union
Head of the Department of Sportsmedicine
The Hague Medical Centre, The Hague, Netherlands
Experiences as a doctor in sports medicine:
- European Championship Judo
- Ultratriathlon
- Marathons Leiden and The Hague
- Responsible Medical for WRWC98
- Dutch Rugby Union 1995 - 1999, RWC98 qualifying campaign
You can found Don his work on these pages:
- Nutrition
- Injury Prevention
- Concussion
- Using Creatine
The Hague Medical Centre, The Netherlands
tel +31 703574235


text:
Here's how RW members rated this race in the past (44 votes).
In short: Tough but enjoyableIn full: My first trail run I have taken part in and was it hard. Didn't help that I misread it was 10 miles rather then 10k. Despite my aching muscles the scenery was lovely and marshalling very supportive. Well done to everyone, i'll be back.Date of review: November 1, 2010
In short: Great event, I'll run it agailn and recommend it to to all who like off road events.In full: Great venue, the course was well thought out, well marked and with excellent marshalling. But for £12 I would expect the medal to have the name of the event on it, and for there to be prizes for the winners.Date of review: November 1, 2010
Date of review: October 31, 2010
In short: Superb inaugural event In full: A no frills challeging off roader with pleasant rugged scenery. Route is well marked out with plenty of marshals with a nice friendly atmosphere despite the rain.Date of review: October 31, 2010
In short: Stunning scenery & treacle [oops sand!]In full: Amazing run with just the right amount of hills,sand, mud, sand, rocks, roots & yet more wet sandy hills. Yippie. Thoroughly enjoyable trail run. Thanks to the fab marshals in halloween masks for being so cheery despite the weather. Well done BVR.Date of review: October 31, 2010
In short: A great race, sufficiently challenging, friendly support all the wayDate of review: October 31, 2010
In short: A very enjoyable, well organised race set in beautiful countrysideIn full: I thoroughly enjoyed this race which was extremely well organised, clearly mapped out and credit to the marshals for putting on a fine show in the drizzling rain! Date of review: October 31, 2010
In short: Great race - wonderful views and well organisedIn full: Really excellent race - wonderful scenery (despite the weather); great organisation and a really good atmosphere. But pretty tough too. Date of review: October 31, 2010
In short: Great race, shame about the weather! Nice to see people in the Halloween sprit.In full: Great feel to the run and well organised for a first race. Loved that fact that the marshals were in fancy dress and happy despite the rain. Trick or treat bags at the end were a nice touch. Please do it again next year but turn off the rain for a few hours!!Date of review: October 31, 2010
In short: Fine new fixture for autumn cross country runningIn full: Very good organisation with plenty of dutiful, Halloween themed marshalls along this fine course which is an attractive distance variation from the typical 10ks. The sand makes it interesting and comfortable if a bit heavy going in places. Fine autumn scenary with light yellows contrasting against the green heather. Plenty of effort had also been put into markers and Halloween decoration along the way; however the distance markers appeared to vanish after 6 miles or maybe I was getting tired, so it became a bit uncertain as to pace. Unfortunately the rain around finish time compromised much socialising. The running field also spreads out considerably, so you can be running quite alone. But overall a fine autumn cross country run, well devised/organised, worth entering and returning for.Date of review: October 31, 2010
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Tuesday, November 11, 2008
MAC Holiday Smokey Eyes
I didn't show you my MAC Holiday haul because I only got one thing, lol. After much debating, I returned everything that I pre-ordered except the Smokey Eyes palette. I'm trying to really stick to a budget with Christmas and the holidays coming up.
I think this palette is so great to have. I am definitely bringing this with me traveling so I can bang out a smokey or neutral eye. I decided to do a smokey eye look because it's a great look that everyone can pull off.
Check out my video!
Here's What I Used (All MAC unless otherwise specified):
-Pur Minerals Peach Primer
-select moisture concealer in NW35
-mineralized satinfinish foundation in NC42
-msf natural in med dark
-gold deposit msf
-petticoat msf
-bare canvas paint
-2008 MAC Holiday Smokey eyes palette: scant, ambiance, gorgeous, carbon eyeshadows
-Revlon colorstay liquid liner in blackest black
-feline kohl power
-auto-de-blu pearlglide pencil
-#8 lashes
-Smashbox iconic mascara
-hodgepodge lip pencil
-viva glam V lipglass
-baby sparks dazzleglass
FYI, my new site is in the works. www.urbanpretty.com, watch out!
19 comments:
- Ethereal Prey said...
i love the smokey eye! lemme check out your new page!
- November 11, 2008 at 10:32 AM
- audgepodge said...
Love the Urban Pretty logo on the new site... do you do your own graphics? Can't wait for your new site to go live!
- November 11, 2008 at 10:50 AM
- Sharon Rose said...
Hi there-totally gorgeous, this smokey look is really nice on you!!
- November 11, 2008 at 11:27 AM
- Amina said...
beautiful! I've never mastered the smokey eye so that video helps a lot!!
will you be moving ren ren to urban pretty?
I glanced at it and it looks very promising!!
- November 11, 2008 at 11:34 AM
- kKay<3 said...
Another gorgeous look...You can never go wrong w/smokey eyes.That palette is great for traveling.
- November 11, 2008 at 11:34 AM
- Tina Marie Online said...
omg this look is so pretty! i love it. gosh you're so pro!
- November 11, 2008 at 1:04 PM
- Groovy Black Chick said...
You're so doggone cute!
- November 11, 2008 at 2:58 PM
- Wind said...
You rocked it out like usual!
- November 11, 2008 at 5:34 PM
- Askmewhats said...
SUPERB!!! Renren, you never ceases to amaze me with your lovely make up!!!
I am still thinking about the Traincase you bought! :) I love it!!!
- November 11, 2008 at 7:42 PM
- Wes said...
Looking forward to the new site! Keep up the good work girlie!
- November 11, 2008 at 8:52 PM
- iamgrape1119 said...
I love this look! Your eyes are SO pretty and cat like!!
- November 11, 2008 at 11:07 PM
- jeSmakeup said...
omg so good! im goin to watch ur video.. i love these colors.... i like how u blended them
- November 12, 2008 at 2:50 AM
- annoiii said...
That looks so hot!
- November 12, 2008 at 6:37 AM
- Product Junkie Diva said...
Really pretty Ren. I love that bold smokey eye.
- November 12, 2008 at 10:09 AM
- mayaari said...
love that carbon - it makes everything smoky :) i like how soft this look is - it's smoky, but not all "in yo' face" :)
- November 12, 2008 at 3:56 PM
- yummy411 said...
great look and it seems that great minds think alike! it's the only thing i bought (ehemm.. so far too lol)
i can't wait to see your new site.. it looks enticing already!
- November 12, 2008 at 4:08 PM
- alien man?! said...
Aww, Ren, thx for using my referral link!!
"UrbanPretty" is an AWESOME name. It's catchy and chic.
- November 12, 2008 at 10:54 PM
- LadyJane said...
<3! You look awesome with smokey eyes :)
- November 14, 2008 at 5:17 PM
- Dale said...
You look great on your smokey eyes. I find it beautiful especially if it's you who wear the make up.
eye test
- January 20, 2012 at 1:12 AM


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Browsing by Author "Sainton, Kelly"
Now showing items 1-1 of 1
Ellason, Joan W.; Ross, Colin A.; Mayran, Lawrence W.; Sainton, Kelly (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Dissociation, June , 1994)[more][less]Ellason, Joan W. Ross, Colin A. Mayran, Lawrence W. Sainton, Kelly 2005-10-10T16:21:02Z 2005-10-10T16:21:02Z 1994-06 0896-2863 http://hdl.handle.net/1794/1551 p. 101-103 The line and circle farms of the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES I and DES II) were administered to 65 subjects in the general population, 87 subjects with a clinical diagnosis of dissociative identity disorder, and 26 subjects with a diagnosis of chemical dependency. In all three samples the DES II showed excellent validity when compared to the original line form of the DES. 269082 bytes application/pdf en_US Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Dissociation : Vol. 7, No. 2, p. 101-103 : Convergent validity of the new form of the DES Convergent validity of the new form of the DES Article
Now showing items 1-1 of 1


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Sankyo Flutes
Acclaimed throughout the world for beauty of tone and evenness of technique, each Sankyo flute is made from carefully selected materials and is constructed by highly skilled and dedicated craftsmen. Sankyo has pursued the perfect scale by building a precise mechanism through meticulous craftsmanship.
All of our flutes come with a hard case and cleaning rod.


text:
Insert or delete images or videos
You can add or remove photos or videos in Google Docs, Sheets, and Slides.
Add an image
- Open a document, spreadsheet, or presentation in Google Docs, Sheets, or Slides.
- Click Insert Image.
- Select from the following options:
- Upload: Choose an image from your computer and click Open.
- Take a snapshot: Use your webcam and click Take a snapshot.
- By URL: Paste the URL of an image from the web and click Select.
- Your albums: Choose an image from one of your photos albums stored on the web and click Select.
- Google Drive: Choose an image stored in Google Drive and click Select.
- Search: Choose an image from the stock photography archive, or the Google and Life archives, and click Select.
- Your image will be added to your file.
Image size and format requirements
Images must be less than 50 MB and be one of the following file types:
- .gif
- .jpg
- .png
Delete an image
- Open a document, spreadsheet, or presentation in Google Docs, Sheets, or Slides.
- Select an image.
- Press the Delete or Backspace key on your keyboard.
Advanced image or video options
These features are not available on Google Sheets.
Drag an image
You can drag images from your desktop or a website to your document or presentation.
- Click the image and drag it to your file. It may take a moment for the image to appear.
Copy & paste an image
You can copy an image from your desktop or the web and paste it directly into your document or presentation. It may take a moment for your image to appear.
You can replace an image without changes to the size and layout of the original image.
- Open a document, spreadsheet, or presentation in Google Docs, Sheets, or Slides.
- Click the image you want to replace.
- In a document, presentation, or drawing: Right-click, and select Replace image.
- In a spreadsheet: In the top right corner of the image, click the down arrow and select Replace image.
- Choose an image to replace the original and click Select.
- The new image will replace the original with the same general size, layout, and formatting.
- Open a presentation in Google Slides.
- Click the slide where you want to add the video.
- Click Insert Video.
- Search for a video you'd like to add and click Select.
- Choose URL at the top of the window and paste a URL from YouTube.
- Your video will be added to the slide.
To add an image in a cell, use the following formulas to change the size of the image in the cell. You must have a URL for the image you're adding.
- Size to fit: Type =IMAGE("URL") or =IMAGE("URL", 1) into the cell with the image URL. This formula will scale the image to fit inside of the selected cell. If the cell is bigger than the image you're inserting, the rest of the cell will be white.
- Stretch to fit: Type =IMAGE("URL", 2) into the cell with the image URL. This formula will stretch the image to fit inside the cell. The image height x width ratio won't be preserved.
- Original size: Type =IMAGE("URL", 3) into the cell with the image URL. This formula will add the image into the cell at its original size. If the image is bigger than the cell, some of the image may be cut off.
- Custom size: Type =IMAGE("URL", 4, height, width) into the cell with the image URL, and your custom height and width (in pixels). This formula will add the image into the cell with your custom size.
Note: When you insert images or videos, follow the image usage guidelines.
Related article
Mary is a Docs & Drive expert and author of this help page. Leave her feedback below about the page.


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Fueled By Ramen still needs more street teamers who want to help us at this Summer's Vans Warped Tour 2012. Check below for the list of Warped Tour cities where we need teamers to sign up!
Log in HERE and check the main blog for sign up information.
Email firstname.lastname@example.com if you have any questions about how to sign up.
Salt Lake City, UT
Denver, CO
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Ventura, CA
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Phoenix, AZ
Las Cruces, NM
Houston, TX
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Detroit, MI
Minneapolis, MN
Kansas City, KS
Indianapolis, IN
Cleveland, OH
Pittsburgh, PA
Buffalo, NY
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Washington DC
Atlanta, GA
Orlando, FL
Miami, FL
Charlotte, NC
Cincinnati, OH
Milwaukee, WI
Seattle, WA
Portland, OR


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Tuesday, May 21, 2013 - Text by Dev Sukumar | Badmintonphoto, Edwin Leung & Shi Tang
Germany crashed Malaysia's party tonight, sending the Li-Ning BWF Sudirman Cup hosts packing with a shocking 3-2 victory in the last Level 1 Group C tie.
The result secured second place in the group and a quarter-finals berth for the European champions as both teams had previously lost to Chinese Taipei. Malaysia therefore finished in the cellar position, despite the best efforts of veteran Lee Chong Wei over the course of the campaign.
In other matches, Korea whitewashed Thailand 5-0 (Level 1 Group B); Switzerland did likewise against Lithuania 5-0; Vietnam beat Australia (left; Mixed Doubles) 4-1 (both Level 3 Group B), and Scotland were 4-1 winners over USA (Level 2 Group A).
Malaysia suffered a setback in their opening match (Mixed Doubles), when highly-touted Chan Peng Soon/Goh Liu Ying (centre below) went down in three games to Michael Fuchs/Birgit Michels. The match was evenly contested with the Germans coming through in 68 minutes, 21-17 18-21 21-17.
World No. 1 Lee Chong Wei was expected to beat Dieter Domke, and he did so without much trouble, winning in 34 minutes, 21-18 21-18 in Men's Singles.
Home hopes soared as Malaysia then went ahead 2-1, with Lim Khim Wah/Goh V Shem withstanding a tough challenge from Ingo Kindervater/Johannes Schoettler (Men's Doubles), saving four game points in the second game before prevailing 21-16 23-21.
Women's Singles has been a problem for Malaysia in recent times and it was yet again tonight. Tee Jing Yi's aspirations were expertly dismantled by Olga Konon 21-12 21-14. It was therefore down to the final match – Women's Doubles. Local duo Woon Khe Wei/Vivian Hoo fought back courageously after losing the first game, but the pressure to deliver plus the relentless attack of Birgit Michels and Johanna Golsizewski wore them down; Germany (celebrating below) clinching the tie, 21-16 16-21 21-18.
In Group B, Korea were surprisingly easy victors over Thailand. The latter chose not to play their best singles players Boonsak Ponsana and Ratchanok Intanon, and their second line-up could not dent Korea. Ko Sung Hyun/Kim Ha Na set the momentum for Korea downing Thai veterans Sudket Prapakamol/Saralee Thoungthongkam 21-9 21-10; Lee Dong Keun won the Men's Singles over Tanongsak Saesomboonsuk 12-21 21-9 22-20, and the Men's Doubles pair, Lee Yong Dae/Ko Sung Hyun, formalised the outcome beating Maneepong Jongjit/Nipitphon Puangpuapech 21-10 21-14.
Sung Ji Hyun tuned up for the quarter-finals, strolling to 21-11 21-7 in Women's Singles over Nichaon Jindapon. Team-mates Jung Kyung Eun/Kim Ha Na continued their good form with a 21-16 17-21 21-11 result over Duanganong Aroonkesorn/Kunchala Voravichitchaikul in Women's Doubles.
* For Li-Ning BWF Sudirman Cup 2013 schedule and results, click here.
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An Official Website of the Commonwealth of Kentucky
(502) 564-5497Toll-Free 1-800-372-2973TTY (for hearing impaired) 1-800-627-4702
Welcome to the Web site of the Office of the Ombudsman for the Cabinet for Health and Family Services.
By law, this office serves as an advocate for citizens and works to ensure those seeking various public services are treated fairly.
The Office of the Ombudsman answers questions about CHFS programs, investigates customer complaints and works with CHFS management to resolve them, advises CHFS management about patterns of complaints and recommends corrective action when appropriate.
Currently, the office consists of three branches: Complaint Review, Performance Enhancement and the Institutional Review Board. We are working to integrate all the functions of the Ombudsman's Office within a proactive, data-driven agency whose contributions to the Cabinet will be essential to overall quality improvement.
The Office of the Ombudsman seeks to be conscientious and responsive in our contact with the public and to provide meaningful feedback to Cabinet program personnel with the primary goal of improving customer service, customer satisfaction and overall Cabinet effectiveness.
Please feel free to call on us if we may be of assistance in any way.
By Telephone: 1 (800) 372-2973 or 1 (800) 627-4702 (TTY)
E-mail the Ombudsman
Online Contact Form
The Office of the OmbudsmanCabinet for Health and Family Services275 E. Main St., 1E-BFrankfort, KY 40621
The Office of the Ombudsman consists of the Complaint Review Branch, the Performance Enhancement Branch and the Institutional Review Board.
The Complaint Review Branch handles calls and correspondence concerning programs within the departments for Community Based Services, Medicaid Services, Behavioral Health/Developmental and Intellectual Disabilities and Public Health. The branch issues reports to these agencies concerning complaint trends and patterns and recommends corrective action.
Quality Assurance SectionStaff determines administrative hearing eligibility of service complaints regarding the Department for Community Based Services Division of Protection and Permanency and requests to appeal child abuse and/or child neglect substantiations. The section also maintains responsibility for investigating counties throughout the commonwealth, regarding child protective services, as it relates to House Joint Resolution 137/17, and makes recommendations for policy or legislative changes that may improve service delivery.
Management Evaluation SectionStaff conducts federal management evaluation reviews for the food stamp program, assists in writing county and regional corrective action plans and conducts exit conferences with Cabinet field staff in all Kentucky counties. This section also prepares the federal food stamp corrective action state plan and ensures continuous error identifications and revises local and regional plans accordingly.
Program Access and Compliance SectionStaff performs federally mandated food stamp access reviews of local offices to ensure compliance with regulations regarding eligible client access to services. Follow-up and exit interviews are conducted in each office. This section also works to identify and resolve potential barriers and implements corrective action and continuous monitoring.
The Cabinet for Health and Family Services Institutional Review Board for the Protection of Human Subjects (IRB) ensures that clients or employees of the Cabinet involved in research as subjects are adequately protected. In addition to providing protections for the Cabinet's clients and employees, the IRB also provides protections for subjects of research conducted, supported, endorsed, approved or sponsored by the Cabinet. This includes research conducted by individuals, students, employees, professors, universities, for-profit institutions, non-profit institutions, government agencies or other entities.
The safety and welfare of research subjects includes the prevention of physical, emotional, and psychological harm that might result from the research activity, as well as any harm that might occur because of a breach of confidentiality, including an unauthorized disclosure of protected health information used in research in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996.
By e-mail
By phone: (502)564-5497
By fax: (502)564-9523
Write to:Small Business Ombudsman275 E. Main St., 1E-B Frankfort, KY 40621
How can the Office of the Ombudsman assist me?
When should I contact the Complaint Review Branch?
What will happen after I file a complaint?
Client complaints are received and reviewed by the Long-Term Care Ombudsman program, the Quality Assurance Section of the Performance Enhancement Branch and the Complaint Review Branch.
If your complaint directly pertains to a long-term care setting, you can contact that office directly. When specifically requesting an appeal pertaining to the Division of Protection and Permanency, it is appropriate to complete a written service appeal or Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act appeal and mail it to the Quality Assurance Section. The appropriate forms can be obtained from your local Division of Protection and Permanency office or by contacting the Ombudsman's Office by calling its toll-free number. Other issues should be directed to the Complaint Review Branch.
The Complaint Review Branch receives and investigates complaints and answers questions about programs administered by the Cabinet for Health and Family Services. This office also:
The Complaint Review Branch is not authorized to make, change or set aside law, policy or administrative decisions. However, it is authorized to take appropriate action to facilitate resolution of specific issues and broader systemic problems.
Usually it is best to think of the Complaint Review Branch as a last resort when other approaches to resolve problems and issues have failed. If you have a problem, first discuss it with the person or office involved. Many times, this will result in an explanation of a specific policy or efforts to address your concern on the spot.
If you don't know who to see or what procedure to use, contact the Complaint Review Branch. We will point you to the right person and even advise the best approach to solve your problem.
If you have already made a reasonable effort to resolve your problem with the Cabinet for Health and Family Services and still have not been successful, contact the Complaint Review Branch.
A member of the Complaint Review Branch called a citizen assistant specialist (CAS) will discuss your complaint with you. In some cases, the problem can be resolved in a matter of minutes. If an investigation is necessary, it may take longer. After investigating, the CAS will determine if the complaint is justified.
If your complaint is justified, we will work with you and the Cabinet to find a fair solution.
If your complaint is not justified, we will take the time to explain the reason. The Complaint Review Branch approaches every complaint with impartiality and objectivity.
The Kentucky Long-Term Care Ombudsman Program is now located in the Nursing Home Ombudsman Agency.


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The NY Times/Silverlight Open API toolkit
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Since The New York Times has just recently released a set of open news content APIs (NY Times APIs) and accompanying Silverlight kit to the developer community at large we wanted the full story behind the project. So last week while in New York, Eric Hoffman, my team's Platform Strategy Advisor, sat down with Derek Gottfrid, Senior Software Architect and Nick Thuesen, Senior Software Engineer to discuss the genesis of this project. Find out why they feel these open news content APIs are going allow developers to be a more integral part of the news community and how easy it is get starting using these APIs via the New York Times Silverlight Kit.
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A Report by the People For the American Way Foundation
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Inconsistent Implementation of the Detention Policy
- Anti-Terror Detentions Rest on a Flawed Legal Foundation
- Conclusion
- Endnotes
The U.S. Supreme Court is poised to hear two major challenges to the Bush Administration's detention policy in the war on terror and its designation and handling of "enemy combatants." This policy violates fundamental principles enshrined in our Constitution - such as the separation of powers and due process of law – and actually threatens progress in the war on terror and America's campaign for greater freedom and democracy around the world. These cases will define the scope of presidential powers and the Bill of Rights for years to come.
At its broadest formulation, the Administration's anti-terror policy confers on the executive branch unparalleled powers that may not be reviewed, questioned, or checked by Congress or the courts. In effect, the President and the Department of Defense claim to be the sole arbiters of due process of law for anyone they detain, including American citizens, both in the United States and around the world in the war on terrorism.
Specifically, the detention policy allows the President to designate anyone, even an American citizen arrested on American soil, as an "enemy combatant" and shields that decision and the reasons behind it from meaningful review. It presupposes that the government can deny even a U.S. citizen constitutional rights such as access to counsel and due process of law, and may detain him indefinitely in violation of U.S. law. The policy includes procedural rules for military "trials" of suspected terrorists that even U.S. military lawyers call unjust, and which would allow the government to continue to detain those found innocent. Finally, the policy – as it applies to foreign nationals being held at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba - undermines the Geneva Convention, a historic accord championed by the United States after World War II, thus rolling back decades of progress in the international law of war to the detriment of U.S. soldiers fighting abroad.
Several critical cases testing the government's use of these new powers are now being heard in the courts, including the upcoming Supreme Court hearings on challenges to the government's detention policy as to the American citizens detained as "enemy combatants" and aspects of the Guantanamo detention policy. Moreover, even while the courts have increasingly challenged the Administration's disregard of basic rights, the President has nominated the General Counsel of the Department of Defense, William Haynes, the very author of the unconstitutional policies, to one of the most influential federal appellate courts in the country. Republican Senators have voted to send the nomination to the Senate floor. The future of the separation of powers and the Bill of Rights in America are currently very much at stake.
Inconsistent Implementation of the Detention Policy
A review of the Administration's treatment of so-called "enemy combatants" reveals that even on its own terms, the Administration's conduct is inconsistent and erratic.
For example, one American "enemy combatant" named Yaser Esam Hamdi was captured by pro-U.S. Northern Alliance forces on the field of battle during the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan. Hamdi was named an "enemy combatant" by the Administration in April 2002 and has been held by the military without charge or trial ever since. John Walker Lindh, another American who similarly was captured by pro-U.S. Northern Alliance forces with a group of Taliban soldiers in Afghanistan, has been treated much differently. Within seven months, Lindh was prosecuted through the civilian court system and allowed to plead guilty to federal criminal charges pursuant to a plea bargain. Even though Lindh admitted to training in an al Qaeda camp and meeting with Osama bin Laden, he has been serving a jail sentence in a federal prison since July 2002, while Hamdi has been held virtually incommunicado as an "enemy combatant" in a military brig for the last two years. 1
Two other men — one a U.S. citizen named Jose Padilla and another here on a valid student visa named Ali Saleh Kahlah al-Marri2 — were taken into custody in the United States and were designated as "enemy combatants" only after spending weeks and months inside the civilian legal system as material witnesses or suspects in criminal investigations. During that time, both men met with civilian public defenders or private attorneys with no apparent ill effect on national security or U.S. terrorism investigations.3 However, once the men were transferred to military custody, the potential for such an impact on terrorism investigations was cited as the primary reason to bar the men from meeting with their lawyers to challenge the legality of their detentions, despite the Administration's failure to point to any real evidence to support such a claim.4
Further, the lone evidence cited in the detention of the two American "enemy combatants" – Hamdi and Padilla - is a pair of documents known as "Mobbs Declarations."5 Each one consists of a statement of information from a special advisor to the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy named Michael Mobbs. In each, Mr. Mobbs states that the government has sufficient reason to believe that these U.S. citizens have committed certain undisclosed acts justifying their designations as "enemy combatants," but he fails to provide any explanation as to the substance or source of that information. In a criminal court, Mobbs' unsubstantiated statements would be excludable for their lack of evidentiary value, but they have nonetheless been offered by the government in order to justify the indefinite detention of two American citizens. There are few precedents in American history for the complete suspension of constitutional rights by the highest office of government, and none have relied on similarly unsupportable statements by a government official who lacks personal knowledge.
Viewed in the aggregate, it is apparent that the Administration's treatment of enemy combatants has been unpredictable and inconsistent, symptomatic of a policy that is not only badly flawed but also constitutionally infirm. Indeed, a recent Newsweek article quotes Administration lawyers as admitting that "[t]here is a sense in which we were making this up as we went along. . ." and that Administration officials considered naming more Americans as enemy combatants, including a truck driver from Ohio and a group of men from Portland, Oregon.6
Anti-Terror Detentions Rest on a Flawed Legal Foundation
The Bush Administration has attempted to justify the detentions of "enemy combatants" here and foreign nationals in Guantanamo Bay with a grab-bag of court precedents and theories. The central tenet of the policy is simple but badly flawed: During wartime, the executive branch can detain whoever it wants – even American citizens – and can deny them the right to meaningfully challenge that detention indefinitely.
However, the Administration's policy withers under closer scrutiny. In fact, the constitutional limits on the executive branch, the laws and treaties of the United States, and the principles of fundamental fairness dictate that there is no legal basis for the indefinite detention of citizens or non-citizens without charge or trial.
a. The Unlawful Detention of U.S. Citizens Contravenes Federal Law and the Constitution
Contrary to the Administration's assertion, under the current laws of this country, there is no authority of the executive branch to detain U.S. citizens on U.S. soil as "enemy combatants." Even during times of war, as the Supreme Court has repeatedly noted, the executive branch, like Congress and the courts, "possess no power not derived from the Constitution."7 While the Constitution gives the president authority to wage war as Commander-in-Chief, the executive branch's powers are limited and balanced by authority allocated to Congress.
This careful balance is intended to protect against abuses of power and when the executive acts in direct conflict to the express or implied will of Congress, his inherent powers are diminished. This is even more true when the executive acts domestically since, as the Supreme Court wrote in Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer, "Congress, not the Executive, should control utilization of the war power as an instrument of domestic policy."8 Clearly then, the will and intent of Congress should be critical in the conduct of the war on terrorism within the borders of the United States. This exact situation is presented by the Administration's detention of U.S. citizens like Jose Padilla and Yaser Esam Hamdi on U.S. soil as "enemy combatants," an issue on which Congress has long made its will known.
In 1971, Congress passed legislation which requires specific congressional authorization for the detention of U.S. citizens. Codified in 18 U.S.C. § 4001(a), the Non-Detention Act expressly states: "No citizen shall be imprisoned or otherwise detained by the United States except pursuant to an Act of Congress."
The legislative history of the Non-Detention Act suggests that Congress clearly saw it as a statutory check on the detention of U.S. citizens, even during times of military conflict. The Non-Detention Act was enacted as part of larger legislation that repealed the Emergency Detention Act of 1950 — a blanket authorization for the attorney general to detain suspected enemy agents, including Americans, during times of war. During the waning years of the Vietnam War, Congress acted to replace this open-ended authority with a limitation of executive power to protect Americans from unilateral action by the executive branch. Under the law, the president may only hold U.S. citizens if an act of Congress specifically authorizes the detentions. Many members of Congress in speaking in support of the Non-Detention Act were mindful of the nation's still-fresh detention of Japanese Americans during World War II. Congress viewed rolling back that precedent as an opportunity to chart a new course.9
The plain language of the Non-Detention Act has led some to point to the recent Senate Joint Resolution 23, known as the Authorization of the Use of Military Force ("AUMF"). For example, in Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, the Fourth Circuit upheld the Administration's claim that even if the Non-Detention Act precluded the executive detention of U.S. citizens without congressional authorization, the AUMF provided that authorization.11 However, given the legislative history of the AUMF and its lack of explicit language to that effect, this holding is extremely questionable.
The AUMF was passed in the weeks after September 11, 2001 to give the president authority to use military force specifically against those who planned, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. Nowhere in its language does the AUMF authorize indefinite detentions of U.S. citizens, as required by the Non-Detention Act. No member argued that this resolution was an authorization of the president to use the military to imprison U.S. citizens within the territory of the United States for the duration of the potentially endless war on terrorism or that the AUMF met the requirement of the Non-Detention Act. There was no mention of Sec. 4001(a) at all during the debates, nor is there any mention of it in the resolution itself. In fact, there is nothing in the record at all suggesting that it was Congress' intent that the AUMF would be sufficient to meet the requirements of the Non-Detention Act. Conversely, explicit reference in the AUMF is made to other federal statutes, making it clear that when Congress intends for its actions to meet certain legislative requirements, it understands how to do so.
Indeed, the Second Circuit in Padilla v. Rumsfeld agreed and 11 months after the Fourth Circuit's decision, the Padilla court rejected the Administration's argument that the authorization requirement of the Non-Detention Act was met by the AUMF.12 Thus, lacking explicit congressional approval, the court held that the executive has no authority to detain U.S. citizens arrested on U.S. soil as "enemy combatants" and ordered that Padilla be released within 30 days to allow the government to prosecute him through the criminal justice system where he would be guaranteed due process of the law. The government appealed to the Supreme Court, which will hear argument in both the Padilla and Hamdi cases on April 28, 2004.
Perhaps the most troubling aspect of the Bush Administration's defense of its detention policy is its claim that its activities in this area are not even subject to review by the judiciary. This argument is completely inconsistent with the Constitution's framework of separation of powers which exists specifically to ensure that no action by any one branch of government occurs in a vacuum. As the Supreme Court stated in Powell v. Alabama, the courts must defend the "fundamental principles of liberty and justice which lie at the base of all our civil and political institutions."13 This is no less true during wartime.
Even the Hamdi court - which ultimately deferred to the Administration's unsupported assertion that the indefinite detention of U.S. citizens as "enemy combatants" was necessary to national security – recognized the fundamental role of the courts during wartime. Specifically, the court said, "[o]ur forbears recognized that the power to detain could easily become destructive 'if exerted without check or control' by an unrestrained executive free to 'imprison, dispatch, or exile any man that was obnoxious to the government, by an instant declaration that such is their will and pleasure.' . . .The duty of the judicial branch to protect our individual freedoms does not simply cease whenever our military forces are committed by the political branches to armed conflict. . . While that recognition does not dispose of this case, it does indicate one thing: The detention of United States citizens must be subject to judicial review. . ."14
While the Fourth Circuit rejected Hamdi's habeas claim out of deference to the president's wartime powers,15 the Second Circuit in Padilla v. Rumsfeld held that such deference did not preclude meaningful judicial review of the president's activities in that case, especially when the executive acts in disregard of another branch of government. The Padilla court said, "[t]he deference due to the Executive in its exercise of its war powers therefore only starts the inquiry; it does not end it. Where the exercise of Commander-in-Chief powers, no matter how well intentioned, is challenged on the ground that it collides with the powers assigned by the Constitution to Congress, a fundamental role exists for the courts."16 Thus, not only is the Administration's detention policy subject to review by the courts, it is the proper constitutional function of the courts to do so. 17
b. The Guantanamo Bay Detentions Violate U.S. and International Law
The Bush Administration has also argued that, in the matter of the detention of foreign nationals at Camp X-ray in Guantanamo, the courts have absolutely no jurisdiction to review its actions because the individuals are being held in an area outside of U.S. territory. Again, the assertion is incorrect. Simply stated, the government cannot have its cake and eat it too. The U.S. government's freedom to house troops, detainees and whatever else it wishes in Guantanamo clearly indicates that the U.S. has dominion and control over the territory.
In Odah v. United States, the first detainee case to reach the appellate courts, the D.C. Circuit sided with the Bush Administration and held that U.S. courts lacked jurisdiction to grant relief to Guantanamo Bay detainees.18 Because the Odah court used a purely mechanical analysis which led it to conclude that "Cuba – not the United States – has sovereignty over Guantanamo Bay," it ruled that foreign nationals held there are not entitled to basic constitutional protections and cannot obtain habeas relief from our courts.19
However, nine months later, the Ninth Circuit in Gherebi v. Bush rejected that finding and the government's insistence that U.S. courts lack jurisdiction over Guantanamo Bay detainees.20 The Gherebi court disagreed that the Supreme Court case upon which the Odah court relied required a finding of "sovereignty," and concluded that the U.S. had both sovereignty and territorial jurisdiction over Guantanamo Bay, either of which can serve as the basis for U.S. jurisdiction under Supreme Court precedent.
This conclusion comports with common sense. The base at Guantanamo Bay is leased from Cuba under an agreement signed in 1903. As the Gherebi court stated:
The United States has exercised 'complete jurisdiction and control' over the Base for more than one century now, 'with the right to acquire ... any land or other property therein by purchase or by exercise of eminent domain with full compensation to the owners thereof.' We have also treated Guantanamo as if it were subject to American sovereignty: we have acted as if we intend to retain the Base permanently, and have exercised the exclusive, unlimited right to use it as we wish, regardless of any restrictions contained in the Lease or continuing Treaty.21
Moreover, under the terms of the Treaty's Supplemental Agreement of 1934, the United States exercises the exclusive right to prosecute all persons – citizens and aliens alike – who commit criminal offenses there. Given these factors, as the Gherebi court discusssed, the U.S. exercises exclusive territorial jurisdiction over Guantanamo Bay and "by virtue of its exercise of such jurisdiction, habeas rights exist for persons located at the Base."22 The Supreme Court heard argument in the case on April 20, 2004, and a decision on these important issues is expected by this summer.
The Administration also argued in Odah v. United States that Guantanamo detainees have neither the rights of prisoners of war under the Geneva Convention nor the rights of individuals arrested under U.S. law.23 In fact, it claims that the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment does not apply at all to individuals held in Guantanamo Bay. However, the Supreme Court in Mathews v. Eldridge called due process "flexible" and explained that the clause "calls for such procedural protections as the particular situation demands."24
In practice, U.S. courts have found in a variety of contexts that even foreign entities with no property or presence in this country are entitled to some due process rights before a deprivation of life, liberty or property can lawfully occur. Thus, if the Due Process Clause can protect an alien corporation with no presence in this country from having to defend itself in a U.S. court, then the clause should also be available to protect an alien individual from being detained indefinitely without any court review whatsoever.
If the interpretation of the Due Process Clause argued by the U.S. was applied to our government's actions in Guantanamo Bay, then presumably any action — even the summary execution or torture of prisoners detained there — would be permitted. Astonishingly, the government made that very claim before the Ninth Circuit.25 The very idea that the Constitution would have nothing to say about such matters is unthinkable, as is the notion that foreign nationals imprisoned at Guantanamo Bay are not entitled to process of any kind. As the Gherebi court said, "[h]ere, we simply cannot accept the government's position that the Executive Branch possesses the unchecked authority to imprison indefinitely any persons, foreign citizens included, on territory under the sole jurisdiction and control of the United States, without permitting such prisoners recourse of any kind to any judicial forum, or even access to counsel, regardless of the length or manner of their confinement."26
Further, the Administration's detention policy is contrary to the policies of the human rights community and our closest democratic allies around the world. For example, Judge Steyn, one of Britain's most senior judges, denounced the Guantanamo policy as a "monstrous failure of justice," emphasizing that "[t]he purpose of holding the prisoners at Guantanamo Bay was and is to put them beyond the rule of law, beyond the protection of the courts, and at the mercy of the victors." That same month, Spanish Foreign Minister Ana Palacio called the indefinite detentions at Guantanamo a "major error" and urged this Court to "open a path" to end the "legal limbo." And although several Pakistanis were among those released in November 2003, the second secretary of the Pakistan Embassy responded by saying, "[t]he government is happy, but this is too damn late. Their lives have been destroyed. Their families have gone through psychological trauma, since they were not terrorists; they were just low-level Taliban fighters."
International law – particularly universal norms of human rights and the laws of war embodied in the Geneva Convention – is vitally important to the safety and well being of American men and women deployed abroad in the U.S. Armed Forces. The Administration's willingness to disregard such important principles threatens American soldiers who may be captured abroad in future conflicts. Furthermore, it undermines the United States' global campaign to expand freedom, democracy, and human rights throughout the world, and damages our standing with our allies – all of which are essential to our long term success in the war on terror. Although the Supreme Court's decision in the Guantanamo detainee cases is expected to focus on the jurisdictional question, justices may also consider the legality of the Administration's asserted power.
The Administration's detention policy runs contrary not only to the Constitution, but also to the legal and legislative actions of our government and our society as a whole. This country has historically embraced the principles of fairness and equal treatment for all and in concert with the civil rights and international communities, we have found that an impartial review of the legality of executive detention is a fundamental part of the administration of justice. In contrast, under the Bush Administration, justice can be selectively delayed or deprived, the question of guilt or innocence can be ignored, and the fundamental principle that, in bad times as in good, review is necessary to ensure that the deprivation of liberty is lawful can be disregarded.
In the coming months, the Supreme Court will issue rulings that could decide whether these actions by the executive branch are permissible or whether they violate our constitutional system of checks and balances and the principles of fairness upon which this country was founded. It is particularly ironic that even as the Supreme Court is considering the legality of the Administration's policies, the nomination of the policy's author to an influential Court of Appeals is pending in the Senate. Should Department of Defense General Counsel William Haynes' nomination to a lifetime position as a judge on the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals be confirmed, he would play a pivotal role in implementing these decisions. Given Mr. Haynes' record, his appointment to the federal bench could have a devastating effect on our civil liberties.
1. Henry Schuster, "Walker Lindh: Al Qaeda spoke of more attacks," [1] CNN.com, 10/04/02.
2. Al-Marri is currently challenging his detention through the federal court system. He sought permission to have his case heard in Illinois, where he attended college, but on March 8, 2004, the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals denied that request, ruling that al-Marri's case must be pursued in South Carolina where he is being held incommunicado in a Navy brig. See Al-Marri v. Rumsfeld, 360 F.3d 707 (7th Cir. 2004).
3. Paula Span, "Civil Liberties Aside in 'Dirty Bomb' Case," The Washington Post, 8/3/03.
4. Once their cases were under consideration by the Supreme Court, the government decided to grant Padilla and Hamdi restricted access to their lawyers, though it continues to insist that the detainees have no legal right to counsel. Still, Padilla's attorney called the government's offer "far from magnanimous," commenting that the circumscribed visits she will be having with Padilla are much less than the traditional level access afforded attorneys. The government insisted that its sudden conversion — after it received several rebukes from lower court judges — was not a precedent. See Jerry Markon, "Terror Suspect, Attorney Meet for the First Time," The Washington Post, 2/04/04; Thomas E. Ricks and Michael Powell, "2nd Suspect Can See Lawyer," The Washington Post, 2/12/04.
5. See generally Padilla v. Rumsfeld, 352 F.3d 695 (2nd Cir. 2003); Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, 316 F.3d 450 (4th Cir. 2003).
6. Michael Isikoff and Daniel Klaidman, "The Road to the Brig," Newsweek, 4/26/04.
7. Ex Parte Quirin, 317 U.S. 1, 25 (1942).
9. See Padilla v. Rumsfeld, 352 F.3d 695 at 718-721 (discussing 117 Cong. Rec. H31542 (daily ed. Sept. 13, 1971)). Significantly, the legislation's sponsor, Congressman Thomas Railsback (R-IL), argued that where there was no specific congressional authorization of detention, the executive branch should be limited to using traditional law enforcement tools to investigate and prevent harm from potential enemy agents. The Non-Detention Act was intended to provide that check. As one member, Congressman Robert Eckhardt (D-TX), put it during the floor debate: "You have got to have an act of Congress to detain, and the act of Congress must authorize detentions."
10. Authorization for Use of Military Force Joint Resolution, Pub.L. No. 107-40, 115 Stat. 224 (2001).
11. Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, 316 F.3d 450 (4th Cir. 2003).
12. Padilla, supra.
13. 287 U.S. 45, 67 (1932) (internal quotation marks omitted).
14. Hamdi, 316 F.3d at 464 (4th Cir. 2003) (citations omitted).
15. Id. at 476 (suggesting that judicial inquiry stops after it is shown that capture was made in a "zone of active combat" and the government has some factual basis for the designation).
16. Padilla, 352 F.3d at 713 (2nd Cir. 2003) (emphasis added).
17. Even the dissenting judge in Padilla agreed that the Administration's actions with respect to Padilla were unlawful, explaining that although he believed that the Administration could detain Padilla, it must provide him with meaningful access to an attorney and an opportunity to challenge his detention. See Padilla, 352 F.3d at 732-733 (Wesley, J., dissenting, stating that despite government's valid concerns as to national security, Padilla has the right to be "assisted by counsel" in contesting "whether he is actually an enemy combatant thereby falling within the President's constitutional and statutory authority.").
18. 321 F.3d 1134 (D.C. Cir. 2003).
19. Id. at 1143.
20. Gherebi v. Bush, 352 F.3d 1278 (9th Cir. 2003).
21. Id. at 1287.
22. Id. at 1289.
23. Odah, supra.
25. Gherebi, 352 F.3d at 1299-1300 (9th Cir. 2003) ("[A]t oral argument, the government advised us that its position would be the same even if the claims were that it was engaging in acts of torture or that it was summarily executing the detainees. To our knowledge, prior to the current detention of prisoners at Guantanamo, the U.S. government has never before asserted such a grave and startling proposition.").
26. Id. at 1283.
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text:
NYPA Trustees
Authorize 2003A Bond Sale
Michael Saltzman
Printer-friendly version
November 25, 2003
NEW YORK—New York Power Authority (NYPA) Trustees
Tuesday approved issuance of up to $230 million of Series 2003A Revenue
Bonds in the form of federally taxable, fixed-rate obligations.
The new bonds are scheduled to be offered to
investors in early December. They'll be paid off over a 25-year period,
beginning Nov. 15, 2008, and are expected to be covered by municipal
bond insurance.
The proceeds of the bond sale will be used to
finance a portion of the relicensing costs of NYPA's St.
Lawrence-Franklin D. Roosevelt Project, a 912,000-kilowatt hydroelectric
project in northern New York, and some of the costs of a life extension
and modernization program begun at the facility in 2002.
The Series 2003A Bonds will also be used to refund
Commercial Paper Series 3 Notes previously issued to finance relicensing
and modernization costs; the bonds will also fund capitalized interest,
as well as the cost of the 2003A bond issuance.
In October, the Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission (FERC) issued a new 50-year license for St. Lawrence-FDR,
following a comprehensive settlement agreement providing for community
enhancements and other benefits.
The life extension and modernization program
involves refurbishing the project's 16 turbine generators, with the
effort scheduled to be completed in 2013.
A team of six underwriters led by Goldman, Sachs
and Co. will market the Series 2003A Bonds. The other co-managers of
the sale are UBS Financial Services, Citigroup, JPMorgan, Morgan Stanley
and Bear, Stearns & Co.
Copies of the Preliminary Official Statement, and
the final Official Statement when available, relating to the Series
2003A Bonds, are available from Goldman, Sachs and the other
co-managers. The offering of the Series A bonds is made solely by means
of the Preliminary Official Statement and the final Official Statement.


text:
Skip to comments.Ohio adoptive father accused of raping 3 children
Posted on 02/29/2012 11:10:22 AM PST by Enterprise
"An adoptive father in western Ohio has been accused of raping three children and allowing other men to have sex with one of them."
(Excerpt) Read more at foxnews.com ...
There is a lot that is not in the article, but I will have to wait until more gets published.
Often these kids come from troubled pasts and this is their way to get even when an adult steps in to provide some supervision.
Withhold judgment until more is confirmed.
More information is needed. In the mean time, a medical examination might corroborate if any of the children have sexually abused.
What idiot would allow a single man to adopt kids, I assume single in that no wife was mentioned. Common sense would tell you that trouble was a brewing with that situation. Until adoption returns to married couples only, expect to see a lot more of this.
The first question I had was when I read "adoptive father." I wondered if there was an "adoptive mother" too.
An old fashioned guarantee that criminal recidivism is cured. It was the original "hang time."
Agreed. They vet us nine ways to Sunday before allowing adoption.
There are much easier, not to mention, for them, safer ways for pedophiles to get at kids than adopting them.
I swear I'm going to make a bumper sticker that says, "Kill a pedophile, save a child."
That's a tough call.
Singles go to the bottom of the preference list so they wind up with older children and special needs kids.
If they are only allowed to adopt what are essentially "at risk" kids, it's no wonder these families suffer more than those who have little or no bonding problems.
Homosexuality is all about having access to boys. That is their true agenda for you have to pervert childhood in boys to normalize that behavior. -Exactly what they are allowed to do in cultures like the homosexual cultures of Ancient Greece and Samurai, SA Brownshirts with the Hitler Youth, Afghanistan and Sandusky.
It is all the same goal—read homosexual fantasy—it is about young boys, because it is when they were abused and addicted to the acts and urges. Behavior is modeled and learned. Sexual identity formation is fluid—it is all about morality and Laws of Nature. You can pervert all human beings and we are allowing homosexuals to dictate to our children that their behavior is normal...so that they can molest the boys and make it acceptable and normal.
Troy police said an undercover detective from Franklin County had talked to the suspect online about setting up sex with the 10-year-old boy, leading to his arrest.That's enough for me...hang him.
Biological relationships are the safest for children—because of the genetic interest, there should be "love" developing and a concern for the children's future. We are doing the Marxist thing—destroying the Natural Family so we destroy the children. Most abused children are from fatherless families with boyfriends of the mothers the abusers. Prisons are filled with fatherless boys.
Lenin created the "no-fault" divorce and destroyed the family in Russia—so that there is no trust, no loyalty to other humans-—just to the state. With no loving parents children will be emotional cripples and useful idiots. There will be no Lincolns and Washington's among the abused children. These children are damaged and incapable of normal behavior.
I heard that Mass-a-taxes makes it a priority for gays and pedophiles to adopt or foster kids,
I wouldn't doubt it
Nonsense. Prisons are full of men who know exactly who their fathers are...they just didn't have anything to do with them.
The safest relationships are those of people who model classic western philosophical and religious values.
The 1972 Gay Rights Platform
Demand #7- (State) Repeal of all laws governing the age of sexual consent.
That being said, the church and religion played a BIG part in my life. I would venture to say that the absence of God and religion are what's really ailing our society.
Did you read the story?He was busted because he was arranging for the man he was talking to online to have sex with the 10 yo boy.This is more than an accusation one of the charges is for prostitution!
A millstone is also highly effective.
I didn't read the article. But that does sound pretty damning.
More homo boy rape. That is what is behind the elitists' push for gays to have access to children in foster care and adoption. That is what is behind the homo dominance in the public schools.
I get "fired" AT LEAST six or seven times a day:
"Daddy, you not my bess frien' anymore!" ;o)
I honestly don't know how I missed that sentence. Hang him.
This is why I am against gay marriage, because it puts gay 'couples' on an equal footing for adoptions.
I am just pointing out Natural Law Theory. Biology always has a meaning and hormones and bonding with one's own baby is natural. To disregard the proof and science of Nature is a lie-—and by trying to destroy the meaning of the laws of nature are evil-—as homosexual promotion does. God designed a perfect system to bring up a baby-—with their biological parents doing their DUTY which is part of the laws of nature—to have a "flourishing life".
Now, I am not saying that non biological people can't be good Christians and love other people's children as their own. They CAN and DO and some of my favorite people are people like Father Flanagan. I would argue that only true Christians could love in that manner-—because it is only when you love God, that you can truly love yourself and therefore, others. Christianity teaches selflessness which is necessary for bringing up children.
There are adoptive parents that have been extremely cruel to their offspring—but they were never true Christians, were they.
In WA state, it will be ILLEGAL to discriminate against a gay couple in an adoption process.
It is still unclear whether, as the biological mother, you can direct that your child be adopted by heterosexuals only at this point.
What has also happened, but hasn't hit the courts, is that from here on out, there's no 'Father' and 'Mother', or 'Bride' and 'Groom' - just 'Partner 1' and 'Partner 2'.
All of that to say that there's not a dime's worth of difference between what a father contributes to the raising of a child and what a mother contributes, under the eyes of the law from here on out.
There's a reason the BSA doesn't allow homosexual men to be adult volunteers. This case exemplifies that reason.
While no one will argue the truth of that statement, one would be foolish to presume, and ignore just how historically fragile that bond can be.
I am talking about nurturing fathers—The design that God wanted for men and women—Christian Ethics—the best ethics ever for men, women and especially children. Men who do not fulfill their duty as fathers are not Christian men and do not nurture their children. They destroy them emotionally, particularly if they are male and have no other male role model. The prison is filled with children that were rejected by their own fathers.
But the destruction of Ethics in the USA was accelerated by Cultural Marxists who created no fault divorce, removed the obscenity laws, and promoted degeneracy in the arts and schools.
Their intentional destruction of Christian Ethics in public schools—to moral relativism—is proven by EK Eakman—and the forcing of women out of the home so strangers create worldview in children, instead of "Christian" parents.
Feminism was founded by Friedan a communist to destroy the natural family—and homosexual Harry Hays was for man/boy "love" and for the destruction of biological connections so they could sodomize all boy legally—he founded the homosexual movement and was a communist. Their ethics are the opposite of Christian Ethics and the Laws of Nature and Nature's God—the Ethics which are supposed to be promoted in American Law. Just Law is always to promote Virtue. It is the definition of Just Law and the Rule of Law. Arbitrary laws are made up law without reference to the laws of nature or God's Laws. We have Objective Truth in our legal system—we did anyway. Now we have Marx's laws—arbitrary, unjust law—like "homosexual marriage".
There is no right to sodomy-—to such evil—in the US Constitution.
EThics and Virtue were key to a FREE REPUBLIC-—was always the necessary element that the cultural Marxists targeted to destroy the mental health of children. Kill Virtue and you kill the civil society. Read up on the Cultural Marxists and you will understand zero and his policies. They are to destroy Christianity—that which created the strongest family unit and the necessary element for Virtue and Freedom. You can never separate Virtue from Freedom—all the Founders knew that.
True. It is worldview that had evolved throughout Western Civilization which led to the ideology of Christianity—as CS Lewis stated, it is the most perfect ideology (Theology) in the history of the world. It was the best one for elevating the role of women in society and giving worth and dignity to children, ending slavery and pederasty and homosexuality and child sacrifice as "normal". Ideas promoted to children form their worldview.
We cannot allow homosexualists, feminists, and other communists to form their reality—it will go against the Laws of Nature and destroy the meaning of the Constitution which is based on Objective Truth—God's Laws. Our rights come only from God-—it is absurd to claim we get them from perverted abused people like Barney Frank. Evil Acts can never be glorified—what communists do in our public schools daily to destroy Christian Ethics, the Foundation of American Law (Just Law).
Education and enlightenment leads to the understanding of societies but with postmoderns (Marxists/socialists, fascist) we have a denial of Natural Law Theory—the laws of nature. It is why all the movements to destroy the natural family came from communists-—Feminism, homosexuality, ACLU—etc. They have to destroy the biological connections—which always ensured protection of children—orphanages were always recognized as evil places for all of history—because of the lack of love for children and where abuse is common.
Destroy loving parents—remove their babies and then the State can design them to be however they want-—it is why we have forced schooling—public education—J.S. Mill stated (and he was right) that when government gets involved with schools, they will create slaves for the state. Marxists took over the curriculum in the 1930s and pumped out in their Prussian system mass conformity and group think and anti-Christian bias. They need the individuality of Christianity—destroyed for the collective mentality so they can kill whomever for the good of the whole. Utilitarianism is un Christian but is the religion of Marxists.
People are not perfect, true—but some cultures are way better than others. Before the socialism forced on the family structure, we had a fairly responsible society—perfect, never, but much better and productive and freer than today's post Constitutional USA (as Mark Levin would state.)
Yes. From all my years of research on the subject of homosexuality—it is about absolutely no restrictions on the sex act. There is no meaning to biological relationships—the family is erased (like Marx wanted—no families, no religion).
You have to erase all religions that have a moral code—No religions which have any restrictions on sexual acts will be allowed. Much like Brave New World—but even that had too many restrictions for homosexuals.
Ultimately, the boy is the ideal partner for male homosexuals because that is when they are habituated into the perversion. Thousands of years of history prove that-—from the Ancient Greek and Romans—to the Samurai and today in Afghanistan. All homosexual societies also hate women and the segregation of the sexes is always extreme and hateful—as all pagan/Marxists societies are.
What a shock. Gay pedophiles. Wow.
But .... they told us they did NOT have a pedophilia problem in their little cabal ............
Yeah, we are just becoming like the Muslims/Islamists. The problem is that they will make it acceptable to rape young boys, and then it will not be any fun any more. They will have to go hump camels to get their rocks off.
God and the D(evil) were right about 'mankind'. Always wanting what is forbidden, what they can't have, what they don't have.
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Revising U.S. Grand Strategy Toward China
Robert D. Blackwill and Ashley J. Tellis argue that the United States has responded inadequately to the rise of Chinese power. This Council Special Report recommends placing less strategic emphasis on the goal of integrating China into the international system and more on balancing China's rise.
See more in China; United States; Grand Strategy


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Ravishing Cool Nights Cap Sleeve Top
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Shimmering bronze embroidered lace brings elegance to this PJ top of soft, cool and comfy Cool Nights™ knit. Tucks on the shoulders add pretty gathers that lead to a high knit back perfect for cooler nights. Wear with the Bliss PJ Pant.
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- 93% Rayon, 7% Spandex. Machine wash, cold. Imported.
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Robert Cuthbert
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Lotto-Belisol is a Belgian team with a consistent history of wins and strong finishes. Bearing the name Lotto - in one form or another - since their inauguration in 1985, Lotto-Belisol are currently co-funded by the Belgian window and door manufacturer Belisol.
Now managed by former pro cyclist and fellow countryman, Marc Sergeant. In their current team roster, riders such as Lars Bak, André Greipel and Olivier Kaisen. A strong squad made up largely of Belgian cyclists with the odd Dutchman, Scandinavian and Australian thrown in their.
Highlights of Lotto-Belisol's performances include stage wins at the Giro d'Italia, Tour de France and la Vuelta a España. Amongst these big tour achievements, Lotto Belisol have also conquered numerous Classics races.


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The Society for Economic Botany
Fostering research and education on the past, present, and future uses of plants by people.
South Africa, Venda University
Formation of the University of Venda, Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, Chapter of the Society for Economic Botany was conceived during the 50th annual meeting in Charleston, South Carolina, 2009. It was launched on the 5th of June, 2012 at the Frostburg State University meeting, in Frostburg, Maryland.
We had four members attend the conference in Frostburg: Dr. Ramakrishna B. Bhat, Tshivhangwaho Austin Netshivhulana, Magwede Khathutshelo and Milingoni Peter Tshisikhaw.
Contact: Milingoni Peter Tshisikhaw
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Topic: require 'php'... help please?
i'm trying to install the php gem, to allow for .php.erb file extentions and recognition of php commands via ruby blocks... like i said in my previous post, i am new to ruby, and it's a little overwhelming. i have access to the server via ssh, so i can post the output of any command if needed, but please understand, i did not develop this site, i am simply taking over a project abandoned by someone else, as a favor to a friend. any help would be greatly appreciated. thx


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The original Alien trilogy is considered among the best in sci-fi horror. The video game counterparts have not fared nearly as well.
Borderlands studio Gearbox Software and publisher Sega hope to change that with the release of Aliens: Colonial Marines. At its best, this first-person shooter invokes fear and dread in players, but is hampered by inconsistency and outdated visuals.
The events of Colonial Marines take place soon after the original Alien film trilogy, as players investigate the disappearance of the crew of the U.S.S. Sulaco. Classic locations from the series such as LV 426 and Hadley's Hope appear in the game, as players try to root out Xenomorphs, alien parasites known to strike from the shadows.
Colonial Marines is primarily an action game with elements of horror, as Xenomorphs lurk inside vents above and below ground, crawl along walls and ceilings waiting to pounce. The action is often frightening and even a bit stressful, so long as the Xenomorphs are the primary target. Once human opponents -- guards of the evil Weyland-Yutani corporation -- enter play, the action can feel underwhelming.
Players come equipped with a small arsenal ranging from submachine guns to battle rifles, toggling between a primary and secondary weapon. There's also a selection of pistols and explosive devices such as grenades and firebombs. During the campaign, players gain experience and march up the ranks, unlocking attachments including suppressors and scopes to bolster firearms. Each weapon also a secondary fire option, allowing players to shoot incendiary rounds, grenades or other projectiles.
Environments range from tight quarters inside spaceships or buildings to open landscapes, all boasting a murky atmosphere. Unfortunately, what's equally scary are the game's graphics. They're reminiscent of a highly polished title from the PlayStation 2 era. When rain pours, beads of water on the screen are replaced by small, clear streaks that should resemble a liquid substance. Explosions carry little pop, represented by a tiny cloud of smoke before quickly dissipating. On looks alone, it's hard to believe this is a video game for a modern PC or video game console.
The game's audio helps to compensate for the lack of visual quality. Cues such as the beep of a motion sensor or grumble of an alien combine with a powerful soundtrack to heighten the tension.
Playing on the Hardened difficulty (a step above Normal) Colonial Marines' campaign is fun, but definitely inconsistent. The stars are the Xenomorphs, who are quick, cunning and relentless in their pursuit of players. Fights in close quarters where a seemingly endless stream of Xenomorphs creeps through serve as some of the game's most intense scenarios.
The encounters with human opponents are nowhere near as interesting. At times, they resemble a bland first-person shooter, a series of annoying chores players must push through to get to the more gripping battles with Xenomorphs. Most fights involve waiting for a guard to pop his head up from cover to finish them off.
The campaign can be completed alone or cooperatively with friends online. There's also an intriguing multiplayer component that pits Xenomorphs against Marines in challenges such as Team Deathmatch. Similar to the hit zombie franchise Left 4 Dead, teams take turns as aliens or humans, battling to achieve the best score. A Survival mode requires players to band together to tackle wave after wave of Xenomorph.
Aliens: Colonial Marines has moments where it seems a strong horror title might shine through. However, it works better as a weekend rental thanks to an uneven campaign and rough exterior.
Publisher: Sega
Developer: Gearbox Software
Platform(s): PC, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360
Price: $59.99
Rating: M for Mature
Release Date: Feb. 12
Score: 2.5 stars (out of 4)


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Starting in 2003 West Division Street Baptist Church has put on an annual event dedicated to the local racers and race fans. The event is titled Race Day Sunday and is a day to recognize and honor the local heroes from our race tracks, their crews, families, and fans. David Martin of On Track Ministries (affiliated with the NASCAR chaplaincy program) from Indiana will be our speaker. David's son Jonathan is a driver with several wins in Karts as well as a championship in Street Stock last year. David is a race track chaplain in Indiana, helps coordinate NASCAR chaplain programs, and is a car guy that everyone in motorsports can identify with.
The day includes Sunday School at 10:00AM for all age groups with some refreshments for those that missed breakfast, the Church Service at 11:00AM where all of the racers, owners, and families are recognized. After the service we have a car show that is open to all of the local racers, hot rodders, motorcycles, etc. The car show is free to participate in. We will have lunch and games for young and old.
We have room for parking trailers and there will be gentlemen keeping an eye on everything while the racers are inside being honored and participating in the Church service. I just ask that everyone have there car there by 10:00am, but no one will be turned away if they are running late. I hope that Mo-Kan will be well represented. Call if you have any questions and if there are other individuals that you would like me to contact I would be happy to. My cell phone is 417-299-0057. Look forward to seeing you March 18th!!!


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Thymectomy Trial in Non-Thymomatous Myasthenia Gravis Patients Receiving Prednisone Therapy
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Myasthenia Gravis
Procedure: thymectomy
Drug: prednisone
Phase 3
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single Blind (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
|Official Title:
|A Multi-Center, Single-Blind, Randomized Study Comparing Thymectomy to No Thymectomy in Non-Thymomatous Myasthenia Gravis (MG) Patients Receiving Prednisone
- Comparison of the prednisone treatment alone to thymectomy (ETTX) plus prednisone treatment, based on the clinical response to therapy measured over the 3 year trial period by the Area Under the Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis Weakness Score [ Time Frame: 3 years ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
- Testing the difference of total prednisone used over the 3 year trial period measured by pill count from blister packs (Area Under the prednisone Dose Time Curve, AUDTC) conditional on the results of comparing AUQMG. [ Time Frame: 3 years ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
|Study Start Date:
|June 2006
|Estimated Study Completion Date:
|July 2016
|Primary Completion Date:
|November 2015 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
|Assigned Interventions
Active Comparator: 1
Procedure: Extended Transsternal Thymectomy + prednisone
Procedure: thymectomy
The thymectomy will be performed as soon as possible after randomization.
Active Comparator: 2
Drug: prednisone
Drug: prednisone
Prednisone regimen will be every other day, starting at 10mg. The dose will increase by 10mg every 2 days to a target dose.
Detailed Description:
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease involving the thymus in which 85 percent of patients have antibodies to muscle acetylcholine receptors (AchR-Ab) that interfere with neuromuscular transmission. MG frequently causes severe disability that can be life-threatening. Thymectomy—a surgical procedure that removes thymus gland tissue from the chest cavity—has been an established therapy for non-thymomatous MG, or MG without thymoma, for more than 60 years (based on retrospective, non-randomized studies). Corticosteroids are now being used increasingly either as the sole treatment or in combination with thymectomy. Both therapies have associated adverse effects and indications for their use based on randomized trial data are lacking.
The purpose of this 5-year trial is to determine if the surgical procedure, extended transsternal thymectomy (ETTX), combined with prednisone therapy is more beneficial in treating individuals with non-thymomatous MG than prednisone therapy alone. More specifically, this study will determine 1) if ETTX combined with prednisone results in a greater improvement in myasthenic weakness, compared to prednisone alone; 2) if ETTX combined with prednisone results in a lower total dose of prednisone, thus decreasing the likelihood of concurrent and long-term toxic effects, compared to prednisone alone; and 3) if ETTX combined with prednisone enhances quality of life by reducing adverse events and symptoms associated with the therapies, compared to prednisone alone.
Learning that thymectomy results in a meaningful reduction of prednisone dosage or even full withdrawal or reduces side effects related to prednisone would support using the two treatments—thymectomy and prednisone—together. However, if no meaningful reduction of prednisone dosage or side effects is shown, the results would mean that using the two treatments together offers no advantages over prednisone treatment alone.
After an initial screening, study participants will be randomized either to undergo the surgical procedure ETTX and receive prednisone treatment, or to receive prednisone treatment alone without surgery. Participants will be followed for at least 3 years.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years to 65 Years (Adult)
|Genders Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Male and female MG patients age greater than 18 and less than 65 years
- Onset of generalized MG within the last 5 years
- Positive serum anti-acetylcholine receptor binding antibodies (AchR Ab =/> 1.00 nmol/L. AchRAb levels of 0.50-0.99 nmol/L will be acceptable if there is another confirmatory test for MG, including single-fiber EMG, repetitive nerve stimulation, or unequivocal edrophonium testing.)
- MGFA class II-IV at entry, using the MG Foundation of America (MGFA) classification, while receiving optimal anti-cholinesterase treatment with or without oral prednisone
Exclusion Criteria:
- Ocular MG without generalized weakness (MGFA Class I) or minimal weakness that would not require the use of corticosteroids
- Myasthenic weakness requiring intubation (MGFA Class IV) in the prior month
- Immunosuppressive therapy other than corticosteroids in the preceding year
- Medically unfit for thymectomy
- Chest CT evidence of thymoma.
- Pregnancy or lactation; contraindications to the use of corticosteroids, unless postmenopausal or surgically sterile. Women considering becoming pregnant during the period of the study are to be excluded.
- A serious concurrent medical, neurological or psychiatric condition that would interfere with thymectomy or subsequent clinical assessments
- Current alternate day dose of prednisone > than 1.5 mg/kg or 100 mg or the equivalent daily doses (> 0.75 mg/kg or 50 mg).
- Participation in another experimental clinical trial
- History of alcohol or drug abuse within the 2 years prior to randomization.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00294658
Show 50 Study Locations
|Principal Investigator:
|Gary Cutter, PhD
|University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics
|Principal Investigator:
|Gil Wolfe, MD
|University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
|Responsible Party:
|University of Alabama at Birmingham
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT00294658 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|Study First Received:
|February 21, 2006
|Last Updated:
|April 13, 2016
|Health Authority:
|United States: Federal Government
Keywords provided by University of Alabama at Birmingham:
myasthenia gravis
extended transsternal thymectomy
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Myasthenia Gravis
Muscle Weakness
Muscular Diseases
Musculoskeletal Diseases
Neuromuscular Manifestations
Neurologic Manifestations
Nervous System Diseases
Pathologic Processes
Signs and Symptoms
Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System
Neuromuscular Junction Diseases
Neuromuscular Diseases
Autoimmune Diseases
Immune System Diseases
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists
Physiological Effects of Drugs
Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
Antineoplastic Agents
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on January 14, 2017