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In the summer of 2008, a multi-national team of Russian, European and American researchers found a small bone at a remote cave site in Siberia. At the time of discovery researchers had been working at the Denisova cave, located in the Altai Mountains in southern Siberia for several years already. Moreover, the cave was open to visitors as early as 2000, when it was listed on the program of The Second International Conference on Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure, held in Novosibirsk.
Initially, the discovery of a bone did not raise eyebrows, as the presence of Neanderthal people in the area between 48,000 and 30,000 years ago was a well-established fact. Interesting thus far, but nothing out of the ordinary.
As it turns out the small bone, identified as one of the bones in one's pinky, held some surprises. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute in Leipzig extracted DNA – specifically mitochondrial DNA — and concluded that this type of DNA represented "a hitherto unknown type of hominin mtDNA that shares a common ancestor with anatomically modern human and Neanderthal mtDNAs about 1.0 million years ago." [For those scratching their head over the term "hominin," this refers to extinct members of the human lineage.] So we are looking at one bone of a previously unknown hominin? Possibly. Or maybe not.
The notion that we had several hominins living side by side, modern humans, Neanderthalers, and possibly this third species, should not come as a surprise. This happened quite frequently in our past; our existence today as the sole representatives of the human lineage is seen as an exception rather than the rule. What would be remarkable is that we have evidence of a human ancestor or close relative whom we did not know existed.
The latter realization has created a lot of buzz among those interested in human evolution. As is always the case with this type of endeavor, we need to be cautious and outline what we know, what the limits of our understanding are and where we shift from scientifically supportable reconstructions to pure speculation. A number of topics need further clarification here.
First, where does the owner of the bone fit in on the family tree, especially compared to us and to Neanderthals?
| Location of Denisova Cave and presumed place
on the family tree of the Denisova Cave specimen.
Researchers compared the Denisova mitochondrial DNA to complete mitochondrial sequences from 54 modern humans as well as a human who lived in Siberia about 30,000 years ago, six Neanderthals from more than 40,000 years ago, a modern pygmy chimpanzee and a modern common chimp. The results indicated that there are about 400 differences between us and the DNA in the pinky. This is twice as many differences as exist between modern human and Neanderthal DNA. This has led researchers to suggest that our last common ancestor lived about 1 million years ago, about twice as long ago as the common ancestor to us and Neanderthalers.
A second question that begs an answer is: "what creature does this DNA belong to?" Various scenarios have been suggested here. It is possible, that we are dealing with a new species, neither modern human nor Neanderthal. Secondly, it could be a Neanderthal child, resulting from a union between a Neanderthal and an unknown species. Lastly it could be a Neanderthal individual, carrying variations in genetic make up thus far not identified in predominantly European samples.
The possibility that we are dealing with a completely new species is the most exciting. It is also one that most people caution us against. "Too soon," "not enough material," are some of the more common reactions. Others disagree and support the notion that this is a different species. This argument between those who see few species in the archaeological record ("lumpers") and those who prefer a larger number of species ("splitters") is one that has been described in a previous blog.
Skeleton of an alleged
The scenario raising the possibility of an interspecies affair (between Neanderthal and another species) is favored by some, who see parallels with an alleged Neanderthal – modern human hybrid child found in Portugal. In this case, however, we would be looking at a child of a Neanderthal and a yet unknown species. This still implies that we had an unknown creature wandering the Siberian wilds, one whose genetics were inherited by a mixed offspring. In other words, this scenario still requires acceptance of the existence of an unknown species.
Finally it is conceivable that the breath of Neanderthal genetic variation is such that we have not mapped all of it. Given that most research on Neanderthals has concentrated on European materials, rather than Siberian, perhaps these Eastern Neanderthals carried in them a number of genetic variations that hark back to the original population in Africa. This would support the third option, one which identifies this pinky bone as belonging to a Neanderthal individual, albeit it with genetic markers not encountered in European samples. If identified as such, then this bone would reinforce the notion that Neanderthals occupied a much larger territory than originally assumed.
This discovery is meaningful in several ways. It illustrates that science marches on, providing answers to questions and, in the process, raises additional questions. It also shows how meticulous one has to work as an archaeologist or paleoanthropologist. One small pinky bone has provided us with a "what-in-the-world-is-this?" moment. The decision to perform a DNA test warns us not to be complacent. Up until recently, the party line about who was around some 40,000 years ago would have been answered with Homo sapiens or Neanderthalers, and nobody else. We are now forced to entertain the possibility of a hitherto unknown species living side by side with the other two. That is the promise this one tiny pinky bone holds.
A few final comments and thoughts.
What most articles I have read do not elaborate on is the fact that research is now happening in Siberia. This is a huge territory, difficult to access for all kinds of reasons. When discoveries like these are made, we should not be surprised that they generate questions we cannot answer yet, as researchers are accessing a territory close to the size of the US (a fact appreciated more than a century ago). I hope this discovery will result in greater support for research in the region. One day I am sure we will have a much clearer picture of what it is we are dealing with here.
Pinky promise.


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2010 China Tours > Best of China & Hong Kong > Tour Testimonials
16 Day Best of China & Hong Kong (2010)
Tour Testimonials
Three years ago I ventured to China for the first time and had a fabulous 13-day tour with one of China Sprees competitors. I saw and learned so much about Chinas history, culture and people. The accommodations were more than expected, and the guides were very knowledgeable. I returned home wanting my children and other family members to see China to experience their ancestral land as I did. After comparing prices and value between different tour companies, we joined the 16-day China Spree Best of China & Hong Kong Tour this summer. I worried a little about revisiting China and traveling to many of the same major cities and towns for a second time, but happily, I found little comparison between the two tours. Indeed, the two tours were very different. I was seeing and experiencing new sites, and the local guides were even more informative. The hotel accommodations were the finest, always in central locations. Meals were at top restaurants offering a rich variety of local cuisine. China Spree offered so much more in terms of itinerary, accommodations, meals, and general service. What made the trip most successful for us was the continuous attention and care that Victor, our national tour guide, provided. He was an excellent host. Not only did Victor pay meticulous attention to coordinating the detailed logistics of our well-packed tour, he entertained us in song, humored us with jokes, and taught us to speak and read some Chinese. I would love to see more of China with China Spree. Perhaps a trip to Tibet!
Virginia L, California
16-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 06/26/2010 - 07/11/2010
I am so glad I chose to use China Spree for our tour to China and Hong Kong. When I first contacted them to arrange a tour, they were accommodating and professional. They helped me to find the tour which fit in with my time frame and places I wanted to visit, for an amazing price which included all meals, many exciting excursions and air fare. Their company sent conformations and arranged for visas promptly, eliminating any worry about details. When we first arrived in China, we were greeted by our wonderful tour guide, Ron, who proved to be the best tour guide imaginable. He was so organized on all the details - he took care of us better than our own mothers. He made sure we had bottled water, reminded us about passports, told amazingly interesting stories, demonstrating his historical knowledge as well as excellent story-telling skills. We also had terrific local guides in each of the the different cities visited, which added interest and variety of knowledge and perspective. Accommodations and food also proved to be above our expectations. The hotels were top quality, comfortable and beautiful. The food was amazing - at least 12 different dishes per meal, including local specialties. I especially appreciated and enjoyed the planned excursions which were many and varied. Our activities included riding a high speed maglev train, a journey to the top of the third tallest building in China, a gondola ride through the water town of Tongli, a walk through the beautiful Reed Flute Cave, a walk through the active Buddist temple at the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda, a chance to see the adorable Pandas up close, to name just a few. We were able to do all these things without feeling rushed - we were given enough relaxation time in between activities, with trips to tea houses, gardens, and optional foot massages. The organization and attention to detail of this company is exceptional - all at an amazing value. I highly recommend China Spree as the tour company of choice when visiting China.
CS: Based on your experience from this trip what would you like to say to potential travelers to China?
Answer: I definitely recommend a visit to China. It is an experience of a lifetime - not to be missed. There is so much to see and do - culture, history, entertainment, shopping, sight-seeing, and interacting with the Chinese people.
Wendy M, California
16-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 06/19/2010 - 07/09/2010
I just wanted to let you know how much I enjoyed my trip with your company last August (2009). I apologize for the delayed response, but nonetheless I have absolutely nothing bad to say about my experience on the 16 Day Best of China and Hong Kong Tour. My tour only had 9 people so the tour guides were able to tailor the trip to our interests. Speaking of the tour guides, they were amazing!! So knowledgeable, personable and helpful. It was so nice to not have to wait on any ticket lines, everywhere we went it seemed like they were waiting for us because the tour guides had such good relationships with everyone. The hotels we stayed in were amazing, much better than I expected for the price of the trip. It was the best trip of my life and my only regret is that your company doesnt give tours for other places in the world. I am usually a believer in the idea that you get what you pay for, but honestly this tour offered so much more than what I expected for the price...it is truly a great bang for your buck! I highly recommend this to anyone I know that is traveling to China. Thank you for everything!
Gina S, New York
16-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 07/24/2009 - 08/07/2009
We just got back from our 16-day tour of best of China and Hong Kong. The tour was very well organized and exceeded our expectations in every respect including the value of services, tours, sightseeing, hotels, food, transportation,etc. Tour guides and trip leader were well informed and spoke clearly. We highly recommend China Spree if you are planning any trip to China. The tour we took was really a great mix of the modern aspects of today,s China as well as the historical and picturesque sights such as Guilin, Zuzhou and Tongli.
Vera and Leon M, Tennessee
16-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 04/10/2010 - 04/25/2010
Our trip with China Spree was an outstanding experience, and much more than we expected it would be! We not only saw many of the most important historical sites in China, but we had an opportunity to see some of the tranformation in both the city and the countryside. Our national guide, David, made our trip smooth and enjoyable! I doubt that one could find a better guide. We highly recommend China Spree your trip to China!
CS: The local guides you like best. Why?
Answer: I liked Lillian from Beijing and Sue from Guilin. Both women seemed to me to be sincere and gave us good background information. They were relaxed enough to make us feel comfortable, but capable of making adjustments when necessary. Both allowed us to see their personalities, as real people. Sue had to make very necessary adjustments when the Li River was too high, and our river trip was canceled. We first drove to the cave while the company decided what to do about the canceled trip on the Li River. We drove out to the mountains and had an opportunity to stop at a village where David asked the teacher of the school, if we could see the children at recess. As a retired teacher, I was thrilled to see the children who crowded around us. I started to count in English, and they knew what I was doing. The children were precious! We did see the mountains and people in the fields planting rice by hand and plowing with the water buffalo. When we needed a bathroom, the driver stopped at a gas station. Sue checked with us to see whether we could use the station bathroom which was an open drain without stalls. We said that we would use it. It was quite clean, but there were no doors. She stayed with us during the meals to make sure that everything was satisfactory.
Ellen P, Washington
16-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 03/10/2010 - 03/25/2010
I don't know how to begin to sing the praises of this wonderful company-China Spree. Right from the beginnining, we were most impressed with the organization and thoroughness of the website and the helpful obliging staff at the company office. EVERTHING was clearly laid out- what to wear, what to bring. what to expect and on and on, to really whet our appetites for the trip. From the moment we arrived in Beijing untill we were seen off at the departure gate in Shanghai we were treated like royalty and were clearly made to feel that it was the intent of China Spree, via the tour guides to make this the most memorable special trip of all. Before departing for China, I remember looking at the lengthy testimonials and thinking how they could not be fabricated. Now that we have been away I know that all of these people (like us) cannot say enough good things about this tour, and therefore these lengthy discertations. Apart from the outstanding itinerary, outstanding 5 star hotels, great food and exceptional service by the various tour guides, I must say that the MOST impressive aspect of the whole experience was the unbelievable dedication to excellence by the China Spree and their intent on making this the trip of a lifetime for the clients. It must be noted how unbelievable the company handled a crisis at the time of a most unusual and untimely snowstorm in Xian. The airport was closed and 19,000 people were stranded. Our guide Lisa showed UNBELIEVABLE leadership as she rescued us from the airport and arranged our care. We were returned to the hotel and redirected the next day to Hong Kong all at the extra expense of the company - all with no fault of theirs and certainly no obligation to us, It was so very special to receive a personal phone call from the owner of the company apologizing for our inconvenience- clearly a class act!!!! The integrity of the company and the special way that we were made to feel will long be remembered. I congratulate you, China Spree, wishing you all the best in your future business years and thank you so very much for a WONDERFUL trip.
CS: Based on your experience from this trip what would you like to say to potential travelers to China?
If you want to experience China with a company you can trust, a company that specifically and clearly goes the extra mile to make your travel experience the BEST ever, don't waste your time looking for another place, rather sign up with the assurance that you will be looked after exceptionally well and be prepared to have a fabulous tour.
David R, Manitoba
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 11/06/2009 - 11/20/2009
We had a wonderful experience traveling in China with China Spree. Their tour guides are absolutely outstanding and the hotels they use are top-notch. I don't think you could get better value for your dollar anywhere else.
First and foremost, Lisa (Li Yue), our national tour guide. I find it difficult to express how much she added to the overall experience. She is a top-notch professional in every aspect of her job, demanding excellence from the hotels, drivers, local guides, restaurants, etc. She's genuine CEO material. At the same time, she was a lovable friend to all of us. I truly hated saying goodbye. Overall she's a great ambassador for China and a tremendous asset to your company.
Kent and Marie, Florida
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 10/23/2009 - 11/06/2009
Put all of your old impressions of China aside!!! For those of you who think the Chinese are unfriendly and pushy: you are dead wrong! I've traveled all over the world and I can say, they are the most friendly, accommodating, generous, intelligent people I've ever experienced. The sights are more spectacular than you can ever imagine: every place a delight! The food was wonderful, the streets clean. The best places, the best value can only be found by traveling ChinaSpree. Go!
CS: Based on your experience from this trip what would you like to say to potential travelers to China?
Answer: Book with ChinaSpree!!!! Fabulous!!!!!
Patricia, Florida
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 10/23/2009 - 11/06/2009
I was very nervous to go to China because of the cultural differences and stories I had heard, but after my trip with Chinaspree, I would go back to China in an instant. This is a great way to get to know China. China is a huge country and there are so many things to see, the Best of China and Hong Kong Tour gives you great insight to it all. I was not ready to come home from my vacation. At the end of the trip, I wished that I had signed up for the 21 day tour so I could stay longer. Chinaspree is a great company. Their tour guides are amazing. I had Ming as my national guide and I could not have asked for a better guide. She spoke great English, was very friendly and knowledgeable about China and US customs and she really cared about our experience. She wanted us to have a great time and to fall in love with China, so she made sure we were having fun and liked all the spots we went too. She was amazing. If I took another tour with Chinaspree, I would want her as my guide. The local guides were great too, everyone spoke great English and was friendly. Chinaspree really hires good people to show you around the country. The food was amazing. I never got tired of the food. We weren't eating the same meals every night, so there was always a new dish to try with new flavors. You can tell Chinaspree has gone through so much work to pick the right dishes for us. The hotels were great. I have never stayed in such nice hotels before. Some of the beds are a bit harder than what I was use to but still very comfortable and the breakfast at the hotel was very good too. I went on the best of China and Hong Kong tour in October and I would highly recommend it. I saw everything I wanted to and more. I saw all the big stuff- the Great Wall, the Forbidden city, the Bird's Nest, the bund in Shanghai, the Terra Cotta Soldiers and then I went places and saw things I never knew existed like Tongli or Guilin. These were great towns that really represented the China I imagine. I would go on another Chinapsree tour in an instant. They really take care of their travelers and make it so easy for you while in China. It is a great tour company.
CS: Did any tour guide solicite you for excellence rating?
Answer: No.
CS: Things that impressed you most on this trip
Answer: How good the food was and the fact that I never got tired of it. The quality of the hotels. I loved the Great Wall. The smaller towns were amazing, like Tongli and Guilin. Guilin was a great town, I could have stayed there longer. I wanted to see more of the town.
CS: Comment on your Tour Manager, using rate 1-10 while 10 is the best
Answer: 10. Ming was out national tour guide and I could not have asked for a better guide. She was knowledgeable, friendly, spoke amazing English and she cared. She wanted you to have a good time and enjoy China, she always made sure we were enjoying ourselves and getting the most from our experience
CS: Based on your experience from this trip what would you like to say to potential travelers to China?
Answer: The food is wonderful; don't be worried about not liking it. The bathrooms are not as bad as you expect them to be. The tour guides tell you which ones to go to and there is almost always at least one western style restroom but be sure to bring toilet paper with you no matter where you go and hand sanitizer. The people are friendly but it would be good to learn how to say a few phrases like "how much is this" and different numbers for bargaining with the vendors. If you go in October, bring a scarf, gloves, and a couple of warmer items since Beijing was really cold and windy. Overall, you will have a blast. Bring lots of memory cards; you will take a lot of pictures.
Laura S, California
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 10/16/2009 - 10/30/2009
If you book a China Spree tour, you will not be disappointed. You may think the lower price means less value, but, believe me, you will be amazed at how the nice the hotels are, how good the food is, how well organized the tour is and how good the guides are. We had an excellent national guide and, fortunately, only 10 people in our group. Our guide set the tone for a delightful, positive experience, and the itinerary included everything we wanted to see and more. I can't say enough good things about our China Spree trip, 14-day Best of China and Hong Kong. We had never been on an organized tour before, and this turned out to be one of the best trips we've ever taken.
CS: What did you like about this trip?
Answer: The guide - Lynn - was charming, well informed, took care of our every need. She was spectacular. The hotels were far beyond what we expected - luxury hotels. The food was out of this world, even though it was always Chinese; but there was so much variety, it didn't get tiresome. The itinerary was all-inclusive and featured the absolute best parts of what we wanted to see of China.
CS: Based on your experience from this trip what would you like to say to potential travelers to China?
Answer: The Chinese people were wonderful - they were so open and friendly and interested in us, a very vibrant society, not at all the image I had of them.
Richelle & David, Colorado
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 10/09/2009 - 10/23/2009
We are from Canada and were very hesitant about booking a trip online with an American company. We were very doubtful that the quality could be any good for such a remarkable price. We checked the company out thoroughly and found nothing bad, so we took the plunge and booked the trip. We were astonished at what an absolutely fantastic trip we got for the money. There is nothing we can complain about from the ease of booking to the wonderful hotels, great food, superb tour guides, and everything they include (places we went and things we saw). Our national tour guide, Ming, was absolutely fantastic. She made everything wonderful for us. The tour was well organized and everything went smoothly. We have absolutely nothing bad to say about Chinaspree. We thank them for making this a trip of a lifetime we will remember always.
CS: Comment on your Tour Manager, using rate 1-10 while 10 is the best
Answer: Mighty Ming was an 11 to us! We loved her. She was very knowledgeable, very personable and was consistently striving to make sure we were all happy at all times. If there was anything that bothered us, she made sure it got corrected right away.
Andrea, Ontario
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 09/25/2009 - 10/09/2009
We really enjoy our time in China thanks to ChinaSpree. There is not a moment that we are bored. The food selection is great especially compared to other tour company I had used in the past... All the tour guides are knowledage and friendly. If anyone has Victor as a tour leader, please ask him to sing. He has such a wonderful voice! He will do anything in his power to make sure all the travelers are happy, which take great patience and understanding. This particular tour is great combination because there is time for history, culture shows , different region cusine and most importantly, shopping.
CS: Things that impressed you most on this trip
Answer: food.
Dianna and David, Texas
14-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 09/18/2009 - 10/02/2009
The Best of China and Hong Kong was fabulous! From the moment we set foot in Beijing we were guided through the vast countryside with class. Our National Guide, Victor, was terrific. He took care of all the details so we could relax and enjoy our trip. Each city had a local guide who was an expert on their area. We were able to see all the highlights in each city. We thought we'd be tired of the food but were surprised at the variety at each meal. The portions were more than adequate and the variety was never ending. The hotels greatly exceeded our expectations! First class, 5 Star - fabulous! Every hotel had robes, slippers, toothbrushes, combs, shampoo, conditioner, in-room safe, complimentary bottled water. I'm a swimmer and the pool in Hong Kong (underwater music) and Shanghai were unreal. There were workout facilities and some hotels had steam and/or sauna. We were a bit unsure when we booked: new company, really low price - but we are thrilled we went with China Spree. They know how to do China! Bee Dee
CS: Comment on your Tour Manager, using rate 1-10 while 10 is the best
Answer: Victor Li was FABULOUS. On a scale of 1-10 he was a 10 1/2 at least. He was friendly, personable, knowledgeable and very organized. He took care of all the details so we could relax and enjoy the tour. I would HIGHLY recommend him to anyone considering China Spree.
CS: Based on your experience from this trip what would you like to say to potential travelers to China?
Answer: This is the way to go! China Spree has it all covered - fabulous hotels, great meals, sightseeing to all the "must see" places - and all at a VERY reasonable price. This is a First Class operation. You won't be sorry you booked with China Spree. (P.S. ask for your National Guide to be Victor Li).
Bee, Florida
14-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 08/15/2009 - 08/28/2009
China Spree is the best tour company I have ever dealt with. They offered excellent support and service prior to the trip. Once we got there, everything met or exceeded my expectations. I can't say enough about our national guide Jim. He was right on top of everything making sure that we had the best possible experience every step of the way. He was always smiling and friendly, sang us songs, and made the whole experience quite memorable. The local guides were all very knowledgeable and spoke English very well. The hotels were top notch and the food was excellent and mostly local and not "touristy." Being from Canada, I had many reservations about booking with a U.S. company on-line who would only accept a cash payment from me. However, if anyone who reading this is considering China Spree and has similar doubts, relax, this is a great company that puts the European tours I've done with the typical western travel companies to shame. China Spree really put the customer first and went out of their way to make my trip an awesome experience! I would highly recommend China Spree to anyone considering a tour of China.
CS: What did you like about this trip?
Answer: Everything! The guide, Jim Mao, was the best guide I have ever had. He was always happy and friendly. He made sure we got everything that was promised to us (including full glasses of beer at the dinner table!). He really made the whole experience exceptional. We also enjoyed eating local food and not tourist food for most meals as has been the case on past tours I have done in Europe. The food was really very good. The shows and the sites were fantastic, and the local guides were all very knowledgeable, approachable, and very friendly. You have assembled an excellent team of guides. China Spree should be commended for their excellent customer service as well. I heard many fellow travelers commenting on the great service they received in the US from Michelle.
CS: Things that impressed you most on this trip
Answer: Jim, Jim, Jim!!! What a guy and what a guide. He continued to deliver throughout the trip. Aside from him, I loved everything that we visited with Shanghai and Beijing being my major highlights. I got to walk on the great wall, see Tienanmen Square, go up the Jin Mao at night in Shanghai, and my wife got to hold a panda. What more could we have asked for. Plus, we stayed at hotels that were as good or better than most hotels I had stayed at in the US and Canada, and better than most I have stayed at in Europe. All for a really good price. Also, the shows were simply fantastic. I can't believe the value we got for the money.
Ron, Alberta
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 7/31/2009 - 8/14/2009
CS: What could we have done to make your trip more enjoyable?
Answer: My husband and I experience with China Spree was very good. When booking, we had our concerns about ratio price/quality, but our surprise was that everything went good. I would never take this trip without a tour and resulted that this company had everything arranged for us, tickets (we did not have to stay in long lines), restaurants (meal was served in a very short time), shows (we had good seats), Hotels may vary in qualitiy but overall good. Nice experience!
Patrizia & Roberto, Texas
14-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 07/24/2009 - 08/07/2009
I had an amazing time on my trip with China Spree. The local tour guides were excellent and provided support whenever it was requested of them. They were flexible and able to accommodate the trip to meet our needs. For example, our tour group really enjoyed shopping so the tour guides were flexible and gave us extra shopping free time when requested. They accompanied us to the restaurants for meals and made sure to answer questions about the food. The guides also helped us check in at the airport as a group so we could share the weight limit on our luggage. They also checked us into hotels and made group arrangements for tickets at each of the sightseeing spots so we didnt have to wait on any lines. I enjoyed that nearly everything was payed for so that I only had to worry about carrying money for purchasing souvenirs. All the hotels, food and entrance fees to sightseeing locations were paid for and they even provided water bottles for us each day. The tour guides were also helpful with providing tips on how to bargain in the markets, how to spot fake items (jade, pearls, money, etc) Oh, and the hotels...they were so nice. I wasn't sure what to expect. I wasn't sure if 4 stars in China meant the same thing that it does in the US, but I was very impressed with the cleanliness, friendliness and beautiful modern decor of the hotels. Overall, I could not have expected a more pleasant tour experience. I highly recommend China Spree to everyone!
CS: Based on your experience from this trip what would you like to say to potential travelers to China?
Answer: Bring toilet paper, don't over pack and go to China with an open mind. You will be impressed by how much there is to see and experience.
Gina, New York
14-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 06/12/2009 - 06/26/2009
We just returned from a wonderful trip to China with China Spree. We were on the 15 day best of China and Hong Kong tour. The national tour guide, Ming, was outstanding as were the local guides assigned to us in each location where we traveled. The hotels were first rate and the food was excellent. The motor coaches were very comfortable and the sites that we visited were all interesting and we managed to visit every site that we wanted to see during our visit. China Spree certainly is the most caring of all tour companies that we have traveled with over the years. My wife and I were quarantined for 2 1/2 days by the Chinese Government because a family on the plane that we took from Washington DC to Beijing had a confirmed case of the H1N1 virus. China Spree made certain that we could stay in our hotel. They negotiated with the Chinese officials and the hotel to ensure that we would be comfortable. They assigned the local guide to look in after us and bring us meals. They payed for our hotel room and flew us to our next destination after we were released from quarantine. They had the local tour guide take us to the airport and check us in. The local guide brought us flowers and the China Spree representative in China came to see us as well to ensure that we were safe. China Spree certainly took care of us. They were fabulous. I whole heartedly recommend touring China with China Spree. Lenny Loewentritt
CS: Comment on your Tour Manager, using rate 1-10 while 10 is the best
Answer: Our tour manager Ming is rated a 10. She was very knowledgable and very caring. She was warm and everyone on the trip felt very fortunate to have Ming as our national guide. She had a tremendous knowledge and was able to communicate with all of us very well.
CS: Based on your experience from this trip what would you like to say to potential travelers to China?
Answer: You can feel totally confident that you will get the best value and you will stay at excellent hotels, see the great sites and have excellent guides throughout your tour. If you plan to go to China, China Spree is a great choice for a tour company.
Lennard, Maryland
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 06/19/2009 - 07/03/2009
Dear China Spree,
Thank you for an awesome and unforgettable china trip filled with memories and great experiences.
This photo is of myself, Brian Yee, on a recent China Spree trip from June 18 - July 3, 2008. I am on the Badaling section of the Great Wall of China. It was on the harder side and relatively deserted on this portion and was marveling the idea of 'actually' being on the Great Wall! I'm in China, on the Great Wall... might as well do a kung fu kick to top it all off! What a fantastic trip!
Happy China Spree Traveler
Brian L, California
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 06/19/2008 - 07/03/2008
The 15 Day Best of China and Hong Kong exceeded my expectations and was worth every penny. It was a great way to see China. I have absolutely no regrets about any portion of the trip. The small group size and national guide allowed me to see more of China than I would have either by myself or with a larger tour group. Everything was very well organized and professional.
CS: Based on your experience from this trip what would you like to say to potential travelers to China?
Answer: You hear and read about China in the news, but until you actually visit China you are missing out on a great experience.
Jonathan, Wisconsin
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 06/19/2009 - 07/03/2009
China spree is an excellent company. It was a true pleasure to just pack my bags and say "where to next" without worry of it being up to my standards. The hotels were excellent, sites were unforgetable, food was a feast to say the least. The guides were so knowledgable, my family learned so much, we had a true appreciation for the culture. China Spree had a unique "culture sites" program where you visit and have lunch at a familys home and was really interesting. Nothing was left for to chance, everything was taken care of and ran smoothly. They really know what they are doing. I didn't have a single bad moment. Even my husband and son who didn't want to go to china and complained about having to go, at the end of the trip they both said it was the best trip ever. I am happy to say that we are looking forward to using China Spree again.
CS: Comment on your Tour Manager, using rate 1-10 while 10 is the best
Answer: George was a big fat 10++, truly worked very hard for us. I saw him always asking one by one if we needed anything, if everything was good. He did a great job of managing a group. Was informative. I could see the pride in his country, and how he wanted us see it. I could honestly say HE made the trip from great to excellent.
CS: Based on your experience from this trip what would you like to say to potential travelers to China?
Answer: To expect the unexpected, submerge in the culture and enjoy yourself. Life is a trip to enjoy.
Aleida, California
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 06/05/2009 - 06/19/2009
When we first considered booking a tour with China Spree we were a little hesitant because we did not know anyone who had been on a tour with China Spree. But, after checking with the Better Business Bureau, and reading comments on a variety of internet travel sites about China Spree, we believed China Spree would be a reputable company and provide a good tour. We took a chance and were thrilled with the results. China Spree provided a tour that exceeded our expectations. The hotels were excellent; the food was good; and the tours were absolutely thrilling. We were told that the hotels booked by China Spree would not be as nice as other tour companies. But it was funny when we saw those same tour groups staying in the same hotels we were in with China Spree! And when we attended some of the shows, the China Spree group had the best seats in the house -- even better than groups on the more expensive tours with other companies. I dont know how China Spree can host such a great tour for such a reasonable price. We paid less for our tour than we would have with some of the other companies, but we always felt China Spree was first class. I will recommend China Spree to anyone considering a tour of China. Our family loved it!
CS: Things that impressed you most on this trip
Answer: The warmth and friendliness of the guide, George Li. He was the glue that bonded everyone and all the experiences. We were so fortunate to have him as a guide. Also, we were very impressed with the cultural exchanges, including dancing in the park with locals, and having lunch in the hutong. I wish we could have had more cultural exchanges in other places.
CS: According to your experience from this trip what would you suggest to those who are going to traveling to China?
Answer: Pack light and only bring clothes that wash and dry quickly and easily. Bring two pairs of shoes -- sandals for days when your feet swell from traveling on airplanes, and walking shoes for other days. Be prepared for a few uncomfortable public toilets (always keep toilet paper with you). Have plenty of film, batteries and camera cards with you. Keep a detailed journal. Learn a few Chinese words. Relax and enjoy the people of China! Bring plenty of cash -- credit cards are not accepted in most places.
Debra, Florida
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 06/05/2009 - 06/19/2009
George Lin, I cannot say enough good things about him. He is the very best. The scenery, the hotel, the food was all good but George brought it to life. All you had to do was make your need known and it would be taken care of. The trip was all that I expected and more. So much packed into so little time. It was definately worth the money. It will leave you wanting to return to see more. The hospitalty on the people of China was remarkable
CS: According to your experience from this trip what would you suggest to those who are going to traveling to China?
Answer: The stair master at the gym is you best friend before the trip, especially if you are from a flat place like Florida.
Christopher, Florida
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 05/22/2009 - 06/05/2009
We were somewhat hesitant to book with China Spree as they were a new company with a short track record. After our 15 day China and Hong Kong trip in November 2008 we could not have chosen better. Their price for the trip lent itself to 3 -4 star hotels and economy food. Let me tell you that this was not the case. All the hotels were 5 Star or above and new. The food was excellent and we never left a meal not stuffed to capacity. Our National Tour Guide George Lee was always there to answer any questions, make sure the luggage was always with us when we traveled by in-country air (5 flights) and keep us on track and on schedule. He was the very best we have ever encountered. In each city China Spree provided local tour guides that were very knowledgeable and personable. We enjoyed each of their individual personalities. We cannot recommend China Spree highly enough for your trip to China. From booking your trip to completion they were always available to answer questions to do what was necessary to make your experience enjoyable and interesting. We would book with China Spree again.
Fran and Len,Texas
15-Day Best of China & Hong Kong 11/6/2008 - 11/20/2008

subset: commoncrawl


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Topic: Factory_ Rails
I am trying to install Factory rails, but I am getting an error as below
Error installing factory_girl:
factory_girl requires Ruby version >= 1.9.2.
but, i am using ruby 1.9.3 as i can see the same from ruby -v
I am not using RVM. I believe it is looking for ruby 1.8X not ruby 1.9X while installing. could you please let me know how to solve this.


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The Coleoidea contains two subdivisions. One, the Belemnoidea, had members that were common inhabitants of neritic waters during the Cretaceous but became extinct and the end of this Period.
Figure. Left - Side view of a fossil belemnoid "Acanthoteuthis" from Solenhofen, Germany and in the collection of the U. S. National Museum of Natural History. The equal arms are lined with hooks as is characteristic of this group. Right - Fossil hooks of Belemnoteuthis (?) from Lyme Regis, Dorsetshire, England and in the collection of the U. S. National Museum of Natural History. The shape of the hooks is seen along with the way they may have lined up on the arm. Photographs by R. Young.
The other subdivision, the Neocoleoidea, contains two extant groups: the Octopodiformes (octopods and vampire squid) and the Decapodiformes (squids and cuttlefishes). In addition, a variety of fossil groups exist that may fall into either of these two groups of neocoleoids. The extant coleoids occupy all major habitats in the ocean from intertidal to great depths (deepest record is 7279m, Aldred et al., 1983; Voss, 1988,p. 266) and from south to north polar regions. Although some loliginid squids and some sepiolids can tolerate reduced salinity, no cephalopod occurs in fresh water. In many regions of the oceans, coleoids are dominant members of the ecosystem and are often targets of major fisheries.
Coleoids generally use mantle-generated jet propulsion to obtain high swimming speeds. This is an effective but energetically expensive means of locomotion (Webber and O'Dor, 1985) and, as a result, some groups utilize the fins as the primary locomotor organ. This is especially common in deep-sea species (e.g., cirrate octopods, octopoteuthid squid, magnapinnid squid) where, in dark waters, the value of speed is reduced.
When cephalopods first evolved, the primary feature that separated them from other molluscs was a shell with buoyancy chambers. This allowed cephalopods to invade the pelagic realm where predators and competitors were few. When the shell became internal in coleoids the bouyancy chambers were retained in belemnoids. In most present day neocoleoids, the buoyant shell has been abandoned (it is retained in Spirula and the Sepiidae) and many squids and octopods are negatively buoyant. While this is not a problem for those octopods that are benthic, negatively buoyant squids, however, must swim constantly to stay afloat. Some squids and pelagic octopods, however, have gained near-neutral buoyancy via the retention of light ions (especially ammonium in place of sodium) and the reduction of heavy tissues (Clarke, et al., 1979). This type of neutral buoyancy is found in many deep-sea species since reduction of muscular and cartilagenous tissues can be tolerated in this habitat. In a few cases oil provides buoyancy (Bathyteuthidae) and in one case (Ocythoidae) a true swimbladder has evolved (Packard and Wurtz, 1994).
Coleoid arms are unique grasping structures that possess a variety of different types of suckers and hooks. The arms and suckers are also provided with a variety of sensory organs that can be a primary means of investigating the immediate environment. This is especially true of the octopods where the arms can hunt for unseen prey under rocks. Prey are seized and passed to the mouth then cut into pieces by sharp beaks and swallowed. Because of the circumesophageal organization of the molluscan central nervous system and its elaboration into a complex brain in cephalopods, the cephalopod esophagus passes through the center of the brain; this arrangement limits the maximum size of particles that can be swallowed.
Survival in the sea depends not only on obtaining food but also on avoiding predators. Although preyed upon by many vertebrates (especially marine mammals) and other animals, coleoids excel at camouflage and deception (see Hanlon and Messenger, 1996). They easily exceed all other animals in their ability to change color quickly through the use of chromatophoric organs (chromatophores) and various types of reflectors. The chromatophores contain muscles under nervous control; quick muscle contraction produces rapid color changes that immediately changes the appearance of the animal. This camouflage, combined with their ability to secrete clouds or globs of ink, and the ability of many to alter their skin texture and arm postures, provides them exceptional concealment abilities.
Another, perhaps surprising feature of coleoids, since many species reach a large size, is their short life span. Most species grow rapidly and live for one year or less. Reasons for this are not well understood. However, this is part of a life-history strategy that seems designed for rapid increase in population size. One result of this is that cephalopod fisheries typically fluctuate wildly in annual catch rates.


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Welcome to Campus Safety
At Utah State University, we take safety seriously. We care deeply about the well-being of our students, faculty, staff, and visitors. We also recognize that the world can be a dangerous place and that it is important to be prepared. This site is dedicated to providing you with information, instruction, and resources for dealing with a variety of safety issues and emergencies on campus. Whether you are thinking ahead, have a safety concern, or are dealing with an emergent situation, this site will help guide you to the assistance you need.
The USU system includes the Logan campus as well as several Regional Campus/Distance Education (RCDE) sites. The information pertaining to RCDE sites will be available in the near future.


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Here's how RW members rated this race in the past (835 votes).
In short: A brilliant day out and a fantastic feeling to have finished such a great race, particularly as I ran for a charity.Date of review: October 16, 2005
In short: Great race, weather which was glorious (a lot warmer than last year) and not too many at the start for a ok get away.In full: Was hoping for a PB as from last year, new the course to be flat and fast. Also the weather was spot on for me, as I do like the warmer days. You could tell the organisers had got about 4 times more water than previous races. I knew this because instead of speeding off I ran with my wife who hadn't done much training for the event so saw the amount that was left even when the later runners had gone through. It turned out to be a plesant run but my PB was about 40 mins quicker than me on the day. Good practice though for marathon pace, with me finishing feeling that I could have easily done it again (well sort of). Certainl will wander back next year!Date of review: October 16, 2005
In short: A great day well worth the trip, will do this againDate of review: October 15, 2005
In short: My first long run definitely not my last, better time next year. Well done to the organisersDate of review: October 15, 2005
In short: Getting better each yearIn full: My fourth year in a row, shall be back next year. The wave starts introduced last year were a graet improvement, and the new route helped the parking making leaving afterwards much better than previosu years. Still think more toilets are needed ! Great race overall, great friendly atmosphere for runners (and walkers) of all standards. Best race outside of FLM I think. Date of review: October 14, 2005
In short: A great race for everybody - runners, spectators and marshalls all seemed to have loads of fun. this is definetly one of the top five road races in the country Date of review: October 14, 2005
In short: nightmare traffic but fab race ! would do it again just to see if I could do a PB for distance great atmosphere and good roadside support Date of review: October 13, 2005
In short: Fantastic weather, organisation, goody bag etc, what more can I sayIn full: Superb race, great racing conditions. Knocked > 5 mins off last year. This is one race well worth returning to. Less crowded than the GNR and far less walkers, but I went with the first wave so that helped. At least you can actually start in your alloted wave, at the GNR I was so far back I may as well started last! Well done to the organisersDate of review: October 13, 2005
In short: Had a great day!In full: Was a really good race - especially the atmosphere and crowds. The organisation was brilliant - although I would also say there weren't enough mile markers - or maybe they just weren't in the right places?Had a fantasic day!!Date of review: October 13, 2005
In short: great race, reccomended to all abilitiesDate of review: October 13, 2005
Visit the official Runner's World page
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New Forks Twp. budget includes tax increase, staff reductions
FORKS TWP., Pa. - The Forks Township Board of Supervisors reviewed and debated a preliminary draft of an $8 million dollar 2014 budget during its monthly work session Thursday night, which included a 3/4 mil tax increase, borough staff reductions, and a new police contract.
Supervisor Ed Moore specifically noted two of the three staff reductions will be due to police retirements; however, the board did not specify the source of the third reduction.
The supervisors all agreed any final decisions on the entire budget, which consists of a $30,000 surplus according to Supervisor Chairman Erik Chuss, will not be made for another two weeks.
Chuss commented that countless hours of preparation and discussion went into the 2014 Forks budget.
Finance Chairman Jim Farley urged the Board to budget to save $900,000 per year instead of the $360,000 it is currently setting aside for capital investments in the township's infrastructure.
Supervisor Dan Martyak justified the tax increase and a possible fourth staff cut because it would allow the township to "get ahead of the game," referring to saving for capital investment projects and equipment.
In other business, the board discussed and put on its next meeting agenda a 'Supervisors Discretionary Fund' separate from the general budget and used for smaller expenditures and capital improvements.
Farley emphasized how Forks needs a "rainy day" fund to which there would be quicker access to pay for public works projects and more minor capital improvements.
Finally, the board entertained an offer from David Furfaro, president of Fourmen Construction, Inc. of Peekskill, NY, for a free three-year, no-cost warranty including a local service tech to maintain the township amphitheater's canopy panels.
Furfaro offered the free warranty as a make-good following an earlier construction accident that caused damage to one of the canopy panels.
The supervisors agreed to take the matter under advisement.
DISCLAIMER FOR COMMENTS: The views expressed by public comments are not those of this company or its affiliated companies. Please note by clicking on "Post" you acknowledge that you have read the TERMS OF USE and the comment you are posting is in compliance with such terms. Your comments may be used on air. Be polite. Inappropriate posts or posts containing offsite links may be removed by the moderator.
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College of Agriculture Records, Purdue University, 1890-2000 | Purdue University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections
Two volumes of "letter books," (approximately 900 letters each). The first volume covers a wide variety of subjects, but primarily are responses to requests to purchase wheat and other seeds from the Agricultural Experiment Station or responses to farming questions about crops, fertilizers, and animal care. Includes mention of the "Manada Purdue" and "Purduette" heifers and specifications for building a greenhouse for the Experiment Station, along with information on hiring a farm foreman, purchasing animals, and establishing a short course in agriculture at Purdue. Responses to questions about books and courses on veterinary science are included. The second volume contains primarily carbon copies of outgoing typed or handwritten letters from William C. Latta, head of the Farmers' Institute at Purdue.
Other items within this collection include: pamphlets, lantern slides, certificates, brochures, notes. etc.


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Washington, D.C.'s voucher program could be back: On a 225-195 vote, mostly along party lines, the House passed Speaker John Boehner's bill reauthorizing and expanding vouchers for low-income students in the District. Under SOAR, students would get $8,000 to attend a private K-8 school, $12,000 for high school tuition.
SOAR will have a tougher time in the Democratic-controlled Senate.
President Obama is "strongly opposed" to SOAR, but he hasn't threatened a veto. In a statement yesterday, the administration claimed, "Rigorous evaluation over several years demonstrates that the D.C. program has not yielded improved student achievement by its scholarship recipients compared to other students in D.C."
That's not what the rigorous evaluator said in congressional testimony, notes the Washington Post in a pro-voucher editorial. Patrick J. Wolf, the principal investigator who studied the D.C. Opportunity Scholarship Program for the U.S. Education Department, said on Feb. 16:
"In my opinion, by demonstrating statistically significant experimental impacts on boosting high school graduation rates and generating a wealth of evidence suggesting that students also benefited in reading achievement, the DC OSP has accomplished what few educational interventions can claim: It markedly improved important education outcomes for low-income inner-city students."
In addition, writes the Post, parents say the program lets their children "attend safer schools or ones that strongly promote achievement."
The D.C. Opportunity Scholarships also raised graduation rates, Jay Greene adds. Wolf's study (pdf) concluded: Some 82 percent of students offered a voucher completed high school, compared to 70 percent for the control group.
Obama's anti-voucher move will make it hard to get bipartisan agreement on rewriting the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, writes Mike Petrilli on Education Next. "Many Republicans will refuse to play ball with an Administration not willing to compromise on a top GOP priority."
Yesterday, I linked to a study concluding that Milwaukee voucher students don't outperform similar students in the city's public schools.
But Milwaukee voucher students are more likely to graduate from high school and go on to a four-year college than similar public school students, writes Jay Greene, citing a study (pdf) released today by University of Kentucky researchers.
Attending a private school with a voucher resulted in about a 7 percentage point improvement in the probability of attending a four year college. Considering that is a move from about 32% to 39% attending 4 year college, it is a big effect.
Compared to similar public school students, voucher students do worse in the early grades but perform better in the older grades. After three years, "rates of achievement growth are statistically similar."
Indiana's House has passed a voucher bill that would provide tuition aid to children from low- and middle-income families earning up to $60,000 a year.


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Access your Emirates Skywards or Business Rewards account
Explore our website in multiple languages for a tailored experience.
Find flights, see our featured fares and earn Skywards Miles on your travels.
Find the best fares across our global network.
Check in online, choose your seats and add extra services with one click.
Connect to new experiences, people and cultures in over 150 destinations worldwide.
Open up a world of rewards every time you travel. Enjoy reward flights, upgrades, exclusive benefits and more.
The many Dubai restaurants and cafés mirror the melting pot of different cultures and nationalities that make up the city. Most of the more popular Dubai restaurants are in hotels, and you should be aware that these are usually the only establishments with alcohol licences.
That said, there are plenty of exceptional independent restaurants in Dubai. Cheapest are those venues which offer tasty fare from the Indian subcontinent. Costs can creep up significantly for more specialised international cuisine, although dining in Dubai is normally good value. The one major exception is alcohol, which bumps up the bill significantly.
Celebrity chefs such as Marco Pierre White have opened restaurants in Dubai. With leading Dubai restaurants such as these, you'll always need to book beforehand.
Finally, for dining with a difference, it is well worth enjoying a dinner cruise on a traditional wooden dhow on the Creek.
Displaying 2 - 7 of 19
The only a la carte dhow experience along the Jumeirah Coast, with classic sushi and seafood to choose from in an intimate setting
A quiet, unassuming and authentically classic Dubai Thai restaurant, with many award-winning dishes
This restaurant has no fewer than eight different kitchens from around the world offering regional specialities
The perfect place to come when you're hungry, have plenty of time, and money is no object
A wonderful location, on stilts in the sea, and viewed by many as the best fish restaurant in Dubai
Pachanga means party-time in colloquial Spanish so get ready for a celebration of Latin American food, music and dancing
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July 23, 2007 WIC Update
SUBJECT 1: 2008 Contract Caseload
SUBJECT 2: October 2007 WIC Program Updates
SUBJECT 3: FFY 2008 Local Agency Plan (LAP)
SUBJECT 4: Value Enhanced Nutrition Assessment (VENA) 3 Step Counseling Training - Save the date
SUBJECT 5: VENA Nutrition Committee June 25 Meeting Minutes
- 1. 2008 Contract Caseload: 2008 Contract Caseload is in the attached spreadsheet. Each Local WIC Provider is listed with the number of participants expected to be served under the contract and the dollar amount of the contract at $9.50 per participant. The Breastfeeding Grant #1 and Grant #2 are also listed separately and with the total contract amount. The number of participants contracted for 2008 is conservative due to the 10% rise in food costs, the steady increase in the number of participants seeking services and the higher per participant reimbursement rate. We have conservatively estimated caseloads in order to be able to move funding to agencies with increasing caseloads and not over obligate limited resources. The contract will reimburse providers only for services rendered with a "not-to-exceed" amount listed on the front of the contract. We will monitor caseload monthly in order to make timely decisions to amend contracts with agencies where increasing numbers of women and children are seeking WIC services.
Contact Kathleen Davis with questions at: email@example.com or 573-526-2821.
- Mandatory October 2007 WIC Program Updates Training. The one-day sessions will provide attendees with an overview of the new WIC data system. We will discuss the timeline, new equipment that will be required, show screen shots and answer your questions about the new data system. The training will be delivered on-site at several locations and dates throughout the state. The WIC Coordinator and Nutrition Coordinator must attend. Other WIC local agency staff may attend. Time of Training: 9:00-1:00. Registration deadline is September 1, 2007. See attached registration form.
If you have questions, contact Larry Rutledge at email@example.com or 573-526-0226 or 800-392-8209.
- FFY 2008 Local Agency Plan (LAP): It is time to develop your annual WIC Local Agency Plan (LAP). The good news is we will be increasing the cost-per-participant for FFY 2008 to $9.50. Beginning caseload assignments can be found on the attached worksheet entitled "2008 Contract Caseload WIC Update.xls". Also on that worksheet you will find the additional amounts you will be assigned for the Breastfeeding Peer Counselor (BFPC) Grants 1 & 2 (those who applied and were approved).
Make sure you start by using the final version of your 2007 LAP that was returned by the state with our approvals on it, that you updated with your mid-year evaluation of your Goals and Objectives. Do a "Save As" of your current LAP with your Mid-year evaluation saving it as AgencyName LAP 2008.xls. If you cannot find your LAP document, we can send you the approved one from last year (contact email@example.com if you need it replaced). Of course it will not have your Mid-year evaluation, so that will have to be added.
We are attaching a PowerPoint, "WIC_Needs_Assessment_Worksheet_2008.ppt" that shows where to find the information for your Needs Identification Worksheet. State data for the Needs Assessment Worksheet is in "2008_State_Data_for_Needs_Assesment.xls."
Again this year the state is requiring LWPs to include an evidence-based intervention or interventions that can increase Breastfeeding promotion and support. You can find some recommended evidence-based interventions in the attachments entitled "BF_Interventions.doc." In keeping with our state and USDA's goals we are also highly recommending LWPs institute interventions aimed at increasing caseload and decreasing overweight and obesity in children for those agencies with rates above the state average or maintaining there rates if below the state average. Attached you will find a list of interventions aimed at increasing caseload in the Attachment entitled "Caseload_Interventions.doc." Finally you can also find recommended FitWIC interventions for overweight and obesity entitled "FitWIC_Interventions.doc" and additional information about the framework of FIT WIC called "FitWIC_MO_FY08_Framework.doc." Record these interventions as strategies tied to a measurable objective.
We have included an example LAP called Example_LAP_2008.xls so you can see how we expect you to fill out and revise your LAP.
The completed LAPs will be due to the state the last working day of August, Friday, August 31, 2007. Submit the document by e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com. If you have problems with the LAP tool, need to add additional goal worksheets or questions on how to fill out the LAP, call or e-mail Glenn Studebaker at (573) 751-6198 or at firstname.lastname@example.com.
- Mandatory WIC and Nutrition Services: Value Enhanced Nutrition Assessment (VENA) 3 Step Counseling Training: Please save these dates for the 3 Step Counseling Training. At the present time, the training is tentative because we are working out the contractual agreements for the training. This will be mandatory for all CPAs (RDs, Nutritionists, RNs) unless verification of attendance at a Breastfeeding Coordinator Training or Breastfeeding Peer Counseling Training can be provided. The one-day sessions will provide continuing education to WIC staff to increase their knowledge in areas that are specific to their scope of practice. This interactive continuing education is designed to assist in encouraging and sustaining successful nutrition counseling using VENA guidelines. We will discuss strategies the staff can use during the counseling session at the WIC clinic that can quickly identify participant's motivation to change and their emotions for enhancing the learning process of the counseling session. We will also instruct the attendees on developing active listening techniques, ways to evaluate their teaching techniques and to identify which techniques work best with which type of WIC participant. The training will be delivered on-site at several locations and dates throughout the state. The CPAs must attend, but all WIC staff is encouraged to attend. Training will be held from 8:30am to 4:00pm. If you have any questions, please contact Vicki Strickland at email@example.com.
Location and Dates:
November 5 - Cottleville - St. Charles Community College, Student Center Room 205, 4601 Mid Rivers Mall Drive, Cottleville, MO 63376
November 6 - Jefferson City - Governor Office Building, Room 450, 200 Madison Street, Jefferson City, MO 65101
November 7 - Macon - Comfort Inn Hotel, Salon A Room, 1821 N. Missouri Hwy 63 North, Macon, MO 63552
November 8 - Cape Girardeau - Osage Community Centre, 1625 North Kingshighway, Cape Girardeau, MO 63701
March 3 - Kansas City - Truman Medical Center-Lakewood, Truman Room #2, 7900 Lee's Summit Road, Kansas City, MO 64139
March 4 -Cameron - Cameron Area Health Offices, Large Conference Room, 207 East McElwain, Cameron, MO 64429
March 6 - West Plains - West Plains Civic Center, Walnut Room, 110 St. Louis Street, West Plains, MO 65775
March 7 - Springfield - Doling Family Center, Community Room, 301 East Talmage, Springfield, MO 65803
- VENA Nutrition Committee Minutes: Attached are minutes from the June 25 VENA Nutrition Committee. The minutes also include the list of committee members. If you have comments or questions, contact Phyllis Fuller at firstname.lastname@example.com.
2008 Contract Caseload WIC Update
Oct. Training Registration Form
2008 WIC LAP Training
Minutes 6-25-07 VENA Nutrition Committee


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Going to a wedding or prom maybe? This hairstyle is not only stylish but classy and chic as well. Salma's hair covers her shoulders nicely with all her curls . Her long bangs are brushed nicely back at the sides.Her hair has been layered and cut evenly around.Salma's hair colour is a warm dark coco colour.
Pictures provided by Retna


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HOUSTON -- The smiles were hard to come by Friday for Dwight Howard, once the thousand-watt light bulb of the NBA.
He briefly managed a grin when discussing his Center Center for Centers," a YouTube bit about a fictional training center where centers -- banished from the All-Star ballot –- are trained to become point guards, and thus given the ability to become "productive members of the NBA," Howard said.
But that was all the fun and games for Howard, whose jovial presence in the sport has been muted by two solid years of uncertainty about his future. Last year in Orlando, the Dwightmare was in full force, consuming All-Star weekend with speculation over where Howard would be traded after he'd made it clear he wanted no part of staying with the Magic. A blockbuster trade that sent Howard to L.A. -- the kind of glitzy market he craved, in an environment shrouded in championships –- has not made him happy.
|More on Dwight Howard
|More NBA coverage
Howard said Friday that Lakers GM Mitch Kupchak has told him he does not want to trade the free agent-to-be. It's the same message Kupchak delivered in a recent interview with Newsday and the same message he's given Howard's agent, Dan Fegan, in recent weeks.
However, CBSSports.com has learned that the Lakers have engaged in preliminary trade discussions with an unlikely trade partner regarding Howard: their fierce rival, the Boston Celtics. The centerpieces of the possible deal, which hasn't gained any traction, would be Howard and Rajon Rondo.
The imagination runs rampant with the tantalizing possibilities.
Other significant pieces would have to be involved, since Rondo's $11 million salary is substantially less than Howard's $19.5 million. If the Lakers dealt Howard for an All-Star point guard who is out for the rest of the season following ACL surgery, they'd effectively be throwing in the towel on this miserable, underachieving season and looking to next year.
The Celtics would be going all-in for a quick rebuild centered around Howard, with the hopes they could find a point guard in the draft or in free agency to capably run their offense – which they've managed to do in Rondo's absence anyway. Celtics president Danny Ainge has flirted with several trade possibilities for Rondo over the years, and the point guard's hyper-competitive drive and strong personality have proved difficult for coach Doc Rivers to manage.
There are at least two significant impediments to a Howard-Rondo deal. First, as Howard said Friday, the Lakers continue to insist they won't trade him, which sources say is the impression the Celtics have gotten, too. Second, Celtics president Danny Ainge would not trade Rondo without an assurance that Howard would re-sign with Boston as a free agent this summer, a league source said. Howard has shown no inclination to commit to anyone, including the Lakers, until the season is over.
Since the league source familiar with the discussions characterized them as preliminary, it's possible that the talks could be tabled until after the season. In that case, Howard would have to agree to a sign-and-trade to the Celtics that would only yield him a four-year deal as opposed to the five years the Lakers could offer him (or the Celtics, if he were traded there by Feb. 21 and subsequently re-signed). The Celtics could only acquire Howard in a sign-and-trade if they eschewed their full mid-level and remained below the so-called luxury-tax apron, a threshold $4 million above the tax line that was added in the 2011 collective bargaining agreement.
While the discussions have yet to progress, if nothing else, they open a potential avenue open for the Lakers to minimize the chances of losing Howard as a free agent and getting nothing in return. In other words, a fallback plan.
Would a trade to the Celtics make Howard happy, something he admitted Friday he has only experienced "at certain points" with the Lakers this season? At this point, it's difficult to fathom what, exactly, would make Howard happy. All we know is that Howard is determined not to commit to anyone before the season is over, including the Lakers, because he wants to avoid the distractions and circus atmosphere that consumed his final months in Orlando.
"I'm not going to deal with it," Howard said. "I had to deal with it all last year; I'm not going to do it again."
Also, league sources say several other teams intrigue Howard as possible destinations. The Nets, his first choice last season, remain a viable option -- but only via a trade before Feb. 21 since the Nets are well above the tax apron. The third team on Howard's original list, the Mavericks, have plenty of cap room and tradable contracts. The Rockets, hosts for this All-Star weekend, have become more attractive, sources say.
"I like their team," Howard said of the Rockets. "They're a great team. They're young, they play together, they're scrappy. … It's fun to watch them. They're one of the teams that we can tell that in a few years is going to be really good."
During his long, clumsy exit from Orlando, Howard was in a place where he'd spent his entire career. He knew the landscape, his role in the community and what the future would be like. After a tumultuous seven months with the Lakers, I asked him what factors would weigh into his free-agent decision this time.
"I've got to do what makes me happy," Howard said. "That's it."
Asked what makes him happy, and what has made him happy in the past, Howard said, "Having fun on the court. That's what makes me happy."
Howard remains far from 100 percent after back surgery last spring, and continues to deal with a torn labrum in his right shoulder and the frayed egos and competing agendas on a struggling Lakers team. So he didn't have to answer the next question, about whether he's having as much fun as he used to. But he did answer it, honestly.
"At the present time, no," he said. "Hopefully it gets better."
Asked if he's still the best center in the NBA, Howard said, "Yes. Even at 75 percent."
But while Howard's health and happiness are still wavering, there's no doubt about the percentage chance he'll address whether he plans to stay in L.A. or leave this summer. That would be zero, presenting the kind of uncertainty that the Lakers have to at least contemplate with the trade deadline six days away.
"The only thing that matters right now is the present," Howard said. "There's no need for me to talk about what happens at the end of the season. There's no need to go back and forth about it. I just feel like at the end of the year, that's when I should have my opportunity to make my own decision. I shouldn't be pressured or criticized for waiting until the end of the year.
"Nobody can control what happens at the end of the year," Howard said.
Not yet, anyway.


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Tuesday, February 15, 2011
Tuesdays With Rita: First Crush
4 comments:
the account is just adorable..and they way you recount those memories in print is priceless! great job...so touching and sweet!ReplyDelete
ciao bella
Creative Carmelina
Last week I told you about my first crush and this week I'll tell you about my first serious "boyfriend". We grew up together as kids of military families and we lived together in Africa, Maryland and New Hampshire. We lost touch for a few years when his dad retired and ours stayed in and we went on to Tawiwan and Panama. We came back to the states while in HS and we met up again at military family reunions. Dean and I soon became sweethearts. Due to the distance between our families we were on/again off/again for a while and met other mates. We did go to the same college and actually stayed in the same dorm...separated only by one floor. But fate never brought us together again as more than friends and we remained good friends until he passed this pass summer from the terrible disease leukemia. Like you, I will always hold a candle for my sweet friend.ReplyDelete
What a sweet and sad story Rita. Thanks for sharing.ReplyDelete
I enjoy reading your stories and viewing your pictures.ReplyDelete


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U.S. Women's Team To Tour Egypt
Bill Kauffman
Manager, Media Relations and Publications
Phone: 719-228-6800
E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. (March 25, 2009) – USA Volleyball will send a senior-level volleyball team to Egypt in April as part of an exchange program involving the United States Olympic Committee and the Egyptian National Olympic Committee.
The USOC and the Egyptian National Olympic Committee exchange program includes a sport component as well as a cultural component. The program is part of an ongoing effort to build good relations between the USOC and African National Olympic Committees and to promote sport in Africa.
The 12-player roster as selected by U.S. Women's National Team Head Coach Hugh McCutcheon (Christchurch, New Zealand) is comprised of elite developmental athletes on the verge of being added to the U.S. Women's National Team. The team will play two matches in Cairo against the Egyptian women's national team. The American squad will depart for Cairo on April 7 and play Egypt on April 10 and 12 in Cairo before returning home on April 14.
"We have been able to select this quality group of athletes which blends youth and experience into one team, and I am very excited to watch how they perform," McCutcheon said. "For some of these athletes, it will be their first chance to experience international travel and competition within the USA system, and we get to evaluate them in the process. Overall, it will be a great opportunity for us as a staff and program to work with these players in a situation that is not as high-pressured as some other international events."
The U.S. roster includes 2008 Olympic Games silver medalists Nicole Davis (Stockton, Calif.) and Stacy Sykora (Burleson, Texas) at the libero position. Team USA will have Nellie Spicer (Barrington, Ill., UCLA) and Nicole Vargas (Seal Beach, Calif.) at setter and Morgan Beck (Coto De Caza, Calif.) at opposite. McCutcheon has selected Therese Crawford (Kalamazoo, Mich.), Brittany Moore (Orange, Calif.) and Julie Rubenstein (Camarillo, Calif.) as outside hitters. Mekana Barnes (Highlands Ranch, Colo.), Christa Harmotto (Aliquippa, Pa.), Lauren Paolini (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and Emillie Toone (American Fork, Utah) will see time at middle blocker. Harmotto will also see some playing time at opposite.
McCutcheon will lead the squad in his first international event as the U.S. Women's National Team Head Coach. However, he is no stranger to USA Volleyball as he served as the head coach of the U.S. Men's National Team that won the gold medal at the 2008 Olympic Games. The travel staff will also include assistant coach/technical coordinator Jamie Morrison (Dana Point, Calif.) and athletic trainer Aaron Brock (Storm Lake, Iowa).
Egypt, ranked No. 22 in the current FIVB World Ranking, will compete later this summer in the FIVB World Championship Third Round as part of the African Confederation qualification process into the World Championship final round held in November 2010. Egypt competed in the 2006 FIVB World Championship and placed in a tie for 21st after qualifying for the final round.
Women's volleyball was the only sport chosen to be involved in the innovative cultural exchange program between the two national Olympic Committees. The players and staff will take part in a cultural experience including historical and cultural institutions such as the Pyramids.
"With this trip, we hope to foster and build goodwill between the two sporting countries," McCutcheon said. "I am exciting about our team taking part in this cultural exchange."
According to the USOC, the Egyptian women's volleyball team will travel to the United States for matches against the U.S. Women's National Team and for an American cultural experience.
U.S. Women's Team Traveling to Egypt
Name (Pos, Ht, Hometown, College)
Mekana Barnes (MB, 6-0, Highlands Ranch, Colo., Colorado State)
Morgan Beck (Opp, 6-3, Coto De Caza, Calif., California)
Therese Crawford (OH, 5-11, Kalamazoo, Mich., Hawaii)
Nicole Davis (L, 5-4, Stockton, Calif., Southern California)
Christa Harmotto (MB, 6-2, Aliquippa, Pa., Penn State)
Brittany Moore (OH, 5-11, Orange, Calif., Cal State Fullerton)
Lauren Paolini (MB, 6-4, Ann Arbor, Mich., Texas)
Julie Rubenstein (OH, 6-3, Camarillo, Calif., Pepperdine)
Nellie Spicer (S, 5-10, Barrington, Ill., UCLA)
Stacy Sykora (L, 5-10, Burleson, Texas, Texas A&M)
Emillie Toone (MB, 6-7, American Fork, Utah, Utah)
Nicole Vargas (S, 5-8, Seal Beach, Calif., Long Beach State)
Head Coach: Hugh McCutcheon (Christchurch, New Zealand)
Assistant Coach/Technical Coordinator: Jamie Morrison (Dana Point, Calif.)
Athletic Trainer: Aaron Brock (Storm Lake, Iowa)


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The Physically Fit Don Braden
March 6, 2008. Posted by Doug Doyle.Add new comment | Filed under: anchor, bonds, composer don braden, fitness, Interviews, jazz 88, Jazz Alive, Jazz Osmosis, jazz sports, nutrition program, original tune, rendition, sax, saxophonist, Sports Jam, star spangled banner, two guys
Two guys who never formally met before sat down for an interview...and could have chatted for hours...that's what happened when saxophonist and composer Don Braden came in for the latest SportsJam session. Even though Don had been at Jazz 88 many times, I've never had a chance to talk to him. It's amazing how jazz, sports and kids can create bonds. Don brought his gorgeous sax and thrilled us with his jazzy rendition of the Star Spangled Banner and an original tune he composed for his daughter. Don's strict fitness and nutrition program inspired this overweight anchor to hit the gym!
Check out our conversation.
-Doug Doyle


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iHerb Customer Reviews
Savings of: $6.99 (30% off)
Best taste, but beware!
Posted by BelieveJesus4EternalLife on Nov 02, 2007
The good news is there's a no-carbohydrate variety. However, this product contains 1 gm of maltodextrin per serving. Maltodextrin is a carbohydrate with one of the highest glycemic values of any food - 137! I will no longer purchase this product because I use more than one serving when I use it, which means a greater spike in glucose and insulin levels. Because the GI value is so high, this causes the same effect as eating any other sugar-laden food. How ironic is this, but unfortunately it's very true. Go for the no-carbohydrate variety.
tablets better
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The sweetness is inconsistant.It is more ecomomical.I use it for cooking and use the Nunaturals tablets for my coffee and tea.
good price
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Not nearly as concentrated as NOW white stevia powder, you have to use at least 2-3 X as much of this product but the price is so right that it is ok.
NuNaturals NuStevia
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I was really pleased with the quick service with this product. I wish it was one of the stevia's without the liquorice aftertaste I'm finding I dont use it as much as I expected as some recipes are spoiled with the aftertaste.
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This is the first time I've used stevia, so I am learning its properties. It flavored iced tea without any bitterness. However, it did not dissolve well in a homemade vinaigrette. I could taste pockets of sweetness.
They state this brand has less bitter taste,
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but it's still there. I have come accustomed to the taste so it is not a drawback for me. I enjoy having the convenience of being able to scoop what I need for cooking or baking, and not having to tear open small packets and try to measure. Still pricey.
OK, but....
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..we like the Stevia Concentrate by Kal better.
stevia powder
Posted by Reviewer3245568 on Jul 02, 2010
This is a good product , I still prefer the tablets as they do not have the very slight bitter taste of the powder but the powder is good for cooking.
pretty good, a little bitter in liquid
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I notice a little after taste when I add this stevia to hot liquids.
good and effective product at a reasonable price
Posted by Reviewer1842372 on Apr 16, 2011
It's taste is not as bitter as other stevia products, however it contains maltodextrin and I am not sure about it's efficacy.


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This event occurs daily, every weekday.
Cos Cob, CT, August, 2013--The Drawing Room Gallery is pleased to announce the opening of their Summer Group Show at 220 East Putnam Avenue, from August 9 through September 17, 2013.
The exhibition compromises of the work of six regional painters; Peter Batchelder, Darthea Cross, Michele Kishita, Lorraine Lewin, Hannah Sessions and Karen Schmitz. These artists' works are connected by a shared interest in color, impressions of the landscape and nature, and by a common appreciation for the elements of line and shape. While all six artists look to the landscape as their primary source of inspiration, each artist's approach is unique, resulting in visually striking paintings that incorporate both contemporary approaches and traditional techniques in painting.
Michele Kishita responds to the wood grain of her painting surface and the depictions of Katsushika's Hokusai's waterfall prints. Her technical use of layered painting, collage and glimmering gold leaf application provide surprising juxtapositions. Like Hokusai's prints, these works reference the beautiful fluidity and transformability of the landscape and how such precious gestures evoke an impermanence and transient nature of all things.
Darthea Cross' paintings reflect her continued exploration of silence found within nature and how such moments connect to a deeper self-mediation of inner quietude. Responding to her direct observation from her own personal experiences of walking and hiking, Cross provides creates breathtaking views from mountain tops and valleys, using expressive shapes and line with subtle color shifts to suggest the inherent qualities of nature which become less tied to the specific, but rather to a universal experience. Her paintings serve as a reminder of the dualities between nature's fragility and magnitude, and the power of each.
Peter Batchelder's paintings embody the life that emanates from the time worn barns and structures found throughout the varied rural environments within New England. From the coastal landscapes of Massachusetts to the woods, mountains and farmlands of New Hampshire and Vermont, there is a rich light and spirit that is clearly apparent from each of these places being celebrated. This becomes visible through lively color combinations of vibrant yellows, violets and fiery oranges which make the viewer feel as if they could almost smell the scents of summer bleached grass and ocean salt in the air.
Lorraine Lewin's landscape paintings evoke the fleeting winds of change in the air, and a real sense of an emotional relationship and connection with each of her subjects. Swirling clouds in the sky above the dramatic reflections beneath them, feature her incessant search for personality and character within each of these places. Inspired by the beauty of nature that she discovers along the shores of Connecticut or the Island of Nantucket, Lewin is able to capture and relay to her viewers the unusual light conditions that can often go unseen.
The vibrancy in Hannah Sessions' color palate is verbatim to the colors that surround her on a daily basis. Sessions' rendering of luscious landscapes is a direct reflection of her time spent on a working landscape. As a Vermont goat dairy farmer who spends her days making artisanal goat cheese and caring for her livestock, she paints about the unique relationship that a farmer has with her land and community of animals. Her thick, juicy application of paint renders early morning or late day light with outwardly swaying trees and sweeping clouds, which almost pop from the canvas.
Karen Schmitz's use of expressive brushwork and saturated color palette excite the eye. Her unmistakable ability to create intense color relationships of shimmering light and dramatic shadows, transport the viewer right to the scene. Her interpreted portrayals of New Hampshire, shores of South Carolina and Costal Connecticut provide the viewer with provocative scenes filled with drama and delight. Each of these eight artists, fresh and vibrant paintings provide the perfect match to the summer season.
The Drawing Room Gallery is open Monday- Saturday, 10am-5pm and is closed on Sundays.
For further information contact: The Drawing Room Gallery 5 Suburban Avenue, Cos Cob, CT 06807 (203) 661-3737 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Website: www.thedrawingroomartgallery.com
The Drawing Room Gallery
(203) 661-3737
Cameron Schmitz
We make every effort to ensure the accuracy of this information. However, you should always call ahead to confirm dates, times, location, and other information.


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Will college be free in 10 years? Time looks at a future in which a four-year residential college is a luxury item for the few, while most learners pursue higher education online.
As learning goes online, most universities "will be in the accreditation business," predicts author and entrepreneur Vivek Wadhwa.
(Universities) will monitor and sanction coursework; teachers will become mentors and guides, not deliver lectures and administer tests. This model has the potential to dramatically cut the cost of an education and virtually eliminate the need to borrow for one, he says.
Private companies are getting into skills assessment, writes Paul Fain on Inside Higher Ed. "The big enchilada of potential disruptions to higher education is if employers go outside of the academy to size up job seekers."
Smarterer, a Boston-based start-up "offers 800 free online tests for people to prove their chops in areas ranging from C++ programming to speaking English for business or understanding Gothic architecture."
Jennifer Fremont-Smith, Smarterer's CEO, describes the company as a "third-party, super powerful assessment and credentialing tool." Its goal is not to replace the college degree, which Fremont-Smith acknowledges is currently the gold standard of credentials, but to give employers an additional way to sort through job applicants.
More than 400 employers have used the service to help evaluate job candidates' skills, she says.
Rival companies like Skills.to and Degreed attempt to assess skills and learning. And the ACT's National Career Readiness Certificate measures employability with tests on applied mathematics, locating information and reading for information. The certificate is geared for entry-level jobs, even for applicants who lack a college credential.
On the other side of the spectrum, Bloomberg in 2010 introduced an assessment aimed at students who want to bulk up their C.V.s to land jobs in finance. The test covers 11 fairly narrow categories, like investment banking and analyzing financial statements.
Mozilla's Open Badges project lets people "issue, earn or display badges that display their earners' skills or achievements," writes Fain. But digital badges aren't backed by independent testing, so they're likely to lack credibility.


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