text:
Thursday, 10 March 2011
How much of United's profits are reinvested?
45 comments:
Would a graph containing dividend payments vs owner withdrawals give a fuller picture? Or should these charges be incorporated into the second graph?
- 10 March 2011 at 17:41
Cheers Andy, fairly damning as I expected. My rough guestimate had been 70% vs 20% for percentage of profits reinvested pre-Glazer vs post-Glazer. Not too far off the proper numbers.
Whats the reason for leaving out the capex for the quadrant expansion? Wasn't it paid for with PLC cash? Or did it end up being a bit more complicated than that?
Also on the interest paid vs EBITDA, I assume this doesn't include all the other costs associated with the debt, the arrangement fees, the refinancing fees, the swap losses etc? Some of these additional costs have been rolled up into the debt but some have been real cash expenses?
- 10 March 2011 at 18:47
So how do these numbers compare to some of the other large teams?
Obviously Chel & Man City will have to be discounted but what about Spurs, Everton, Arsenal etc?
- 11 March 2011 at 01:15
Does the club need a certain level of cash to ensure the covernants and ratios are maintained?
Suppose the club will argue that EBITDA is eaten up by increaces in wages
Mr Gill oh dear........
- 11 March 2011 at 09:26
How can you credibly leave out the quadrants expansion? Particularly after you had a go at David Gill for trying to exclude the Ronaldo transfer. As I understand it, the quadrants expansion was £45 million, so how can you justify excluding that?
I also think it's a little disingenous to compare the two periods directly. 2001-05 was a massive rebuilding period for the club, during which time we won only two major titles (2003 PL, 2004 FA Cup). In contrast, 2006-2010 has been a highly successful period for the club - 3 PLs, 1 CL, 3 LCs and 1 WCC. So you are effectively criticising the Glazers for not spending just for the sake of it.
I think a comparison of the Glazers to the period from 1996 to 2001 would prove to be much more revealing...
- 11 March 2011 at 10:41
- andersred said...
I left out the quadrants because the plc initiated the work and it falls into two years 2005 and 2006. I could put the £35.3m capex in, but it is hardly Glazer era investment, it couldn't be stopped half completed could it? Transfer by contrast are generally decisions made and executed in the same accounting period. I pointed out in a comment in an earlier post how £18m of the gross spend under the Glazers are payments for players signed by the plc.
Am very happy to look at the 1996 to 2001 period. I focused on 2001-5 because that's the period David Gill mentioned to the DCMS Select Committee. His choice of comparison, not mine!
- 11 March 2011 at 10:50
Lest we not forget that money has dappreciated since the 5 years prior to the gimps and that transfers fees have gone through the roof in the last 5 years.
Good work Anders, can you not put these facts into a file and send to the broadsheets and parliament to expose the Gill propaganda machine? He's on a par with Gadaffi.
- 11 March 2011 at 13:54
- andersred said...
I went and dug out the numbers for 1996-2001 and you couldn't be more wrong I'm afraid! The relevant graph is here:
More than 100% of the club's profits were invested in players, Old Trafford and Carrington during that period. The club ran down the£16m cash pile it had at the end of the 1995/96 season and actually raised new equity from shareholders in 1997 to pay for the investment.
The whole model was about growth and investment. The Glazer model is about reaping not sowing...
- 11 March 2011 at 14:16
No it isn't Anders. You're conveniently overlooking the sensational growth and significant investment in our commercial operations. The very same growth that came from commercial partnerships which less than a year ago you wrote off as 'nice-to-have but not that significant in the grand scheme of things'. Well done. Some financial analyst you turned out to be.
Now that the 30% year-on-year commercial revenue growth figures have appeared you've predictably changed your position. But of course rather than congratulating the club on its commercial success you've ridiculously attempted to turn it into a negative by describing the business as akin to 'only running on one engine'.
That's the way you roll Anders. Spin, spin, spin, spin.
Your justification for leaving out the quadrant expansion capex is absolutely ludicrous. I wonder what would happen to the gross expenditure percentage if that investment was rightly included? I think we all know. The comparison between the PLC and the Glazer five year periods would be extremely similar in terms of gross expenditure on players and facilities.
The game's up Anders. It's over. The Glazers won. It's about time you came to terms with that fact.
- 11 March 2011 at 21:13
- andersred said...
Hi GCHQ long time no hear!
As per usual you are wrong. This time about the quadrant expansion. If you include them in the numbers you get this:
Net as % EBITDA
01-05 ex-quads 53%
01-05 inc-quads 56%
06-10 ex-quads 24%
06-10 inc-quads 31%
Gross as % EBITDA
01-05 ex-quads 82%
01-05 inc-quads 85%
06-10 ex-quads 63%
06-10 inc-quads 70%
Wow! The net fall in investment is only 25 percentage points not 29 percentage points if we include the quads. And all because the Glazers honoured contracts signed by the plc, the generous little scamps. Interestingly, in the 1996 to 2000 period, net investment was 94% of EBITDA and gross 111%. Investing to build something, not exploiting it, how shocking!
As for the commercial income, a huge chunk of that growth you quote is the Nike step up (plc again of course) and the Aon deal we knew about (and was prepaid). The partnerships added 4.5% year on year to the topline in Q2, a "nice to have" indeed, but like I said, not earth shattering. My thesis of slowing growth has been borne out (EBITDA up 3.2% in H1). Read the Swissramble's excellent blog on English football going ex-growth, you might learn something.
Then when you've got a better grip on the numbers come back and we can discuss them!
- 11 March 2011 at 21:59
You've been fiddling the figures Anders.
Red Football Limited's cumulative EBITDA between May 2005 up to June 30 2010 was £382m.
Gross investment on player transfers and facilities over the same period was £286m.
Gross expenditure as % of EBITDA is 75%. I'm not sure what you've been up to in order to get 70%. I imagine you've been including MU Limited's pre-exceptional EBITDA over the 06-10 period. That's a bit naughty really.
The fact that such a pitifully small amount (£8m) pushes the PLC period percentage up by three points only goes to demonstrate how much EBITDA has grown under the Glazers ownership. Nobody would reasonably expect the gross expenditure % to have remained quite as high as the PLC days considering the tremendous EBITDA growth that the club has enjoyed with the Glazers at the helm. As such the 75% gross expenditure under the Glazers compares extremely favourably with the PLC era. So well done again.
The majority of the 30% growth in commercial revenue directly relates to the commercial partnerships that you so ridiculously wrote off as ''not very significant''.
EBITDA growth isn't slowing. It would have been 9% in H1 without the negative impact of a weaker playing performance from last season's second place finish. EBITDA from the club's core business is growing very nicely indeed.
You're not doing very well here Anders.
- 11 March 2011 at 23:06
Hi Anders
What exactly has "sensational growth in commercial income" got to do with an analysis of inward investment? Beats the hell out of me. I have heard of 'fudge and deflect' but you would expect its proponents to use it in a manner that wasn't so unsophisticated. Deary me.
This Gchq chap reminds me of a previous poster on your blog, Eaststand something or other, who embarked upon a campaign of absurdist proselytising when you failed to comment on the irrelevance of Goodwill Amortisation (again completely outside the scope of the topic being discussed- the £437 of Glazer costs). He took issue with "your personal ideological and social values." Really funny stuff at the time.
Interestingly, this Eaststand chap claimed that "You have on occasions accurately dealt with some of the 'spin' that has come from the Glazer spokesman/David Gill and I applaud you for that."
I am sure this eaststand chap would appreciate that your recent patch of blog entries follow from another bit of spin from David Gill. Easily disproved spin at that. Gchq should consult with this Eaststand fella for helpful pointers on how to avoid embarrassing oneself.
Back to the topic in hand:
Is it possible for you to upload some of the old plc accounts to your 'Resource' section? They are quite difficult to source from the net.
Keep up the good work.
- 12 March 2011 at 00:07
This GCHQ guy is a proper gimp.
- 12 March 2011 at 00:56
@Anders, @GlazerCHQ. I'm always sceptical when I just see graphs. They never really tell me anything apart from the fact the writer can use the chart function in excel.
Can you provide a table of figures for each of last 10 years showing cash generation from business, net transfer spend, net fixed asset spend, net dividends/interest and cash carried forward.
Then you can have your dance-off about who's a better analyst.
- 12 March 2011 at 01:58
The company I work for spends around half its EBITDA on R&D, and Apple spends less than 10%......so it stands to reason that my company should have better products and technologies than Apple.....doesn't it?
Well......no. 50% of my companies EBITDA is around £5m, whereas Apple regularly spends in excess of $5billion.
Since comparing percentages of EBITDA can be clearly shown to be irrelevant I would ask why you have decided to do it in this instance.........anyone with half a brain knows that our EBITDA has more than doubled since the Glazers took over so all you are showing is that they have also significantly increased investment into the club too.
A more accurate way of representing investment is to look at the actual figures rather than a percentage, otherwise you may as well compare apples (no pun intented) and oranges.
Perhaps an even more accurate way would be to include the considerable cash reserves available in the bank available for investment but hasn't yet been spent, or at least wait until after the summer transfer window as considerable investment is expected to cover the departure of some of our important players.
Significant transfer expenditure doesn't have to happen every year at Utd in order for us to be successful, but we have seen during Fergie's reign that he spends big when needed.
I suspect the graphs will look very different after the summer which goes to prove how irrelevant they are now.
I like your work Andy but just wish you could approach the figures without such an anti-Glazer bias. If you did you would realise the silliness of your most recent article.
- 12 March 2011 at 08:48
"@Anders, @GlazerCHQ. I'm always sceptical when I just see graphs. They never really tell me anything apart from the fact the writer can use the chart function in excel."
I agree with that completely. It would be good to see the actual figures for comparison, particularly from 1996-2001 when our net transfer spending was around £6.5 million a year for the period. Anders, can you provide a link to a spreadsheet with the figures you have used and the relevant sources? I would expect investment as a proportion of EBITDA to have fallen under the Glazers, but imo the main reason for that is that they have more than doubled EBITDA from 2004/05 to 2010/11.
I also think it is still disingenuous to exclude the quadrants expansion from the capex figure. Planning permission may have been granted before the Glazers took over, but that was still capex that occured on their watch. Given their current plans to expand the stadium further, it is fair to assume they would still have made that investment even if the plc hadn't initated it.
Finally, have you included the club's recent commercial property investments in your calculations?
- 12 March 2011 at 10:04
- andersred said...
GCHQ, go and check your numbers, EBITDA was £395m.
Growth "would have been" higher if we'd won the league. Cracking stuff!
To Anonymous at 8.48, someone asked about investment as a % of profits, so I dug out the figures, if you don't think it's relevant ignore it. On summer spending, we'll see. With Carrick and Fletch signing new deals maybe we won't see much....
- 12 March 2011 at 10:12
"Planning permission may have been granted before the Glazers took over, but that was still capex that occured on their watch. Given their current plans to expand the stadium further, it is fair to assume they would still have made that investment even if the plc hadn't initated it."
Actually the plc had the money in the bank for the quadrant expansion that the Glazers then trousered and added the eventual costs of the work to the debt!
- 12 March 2011 at 10:41
How exactly did the Glazers 'trouser' the money? Over the past five years they have not taken a single dividend out of the club, and the consultancy fees and loans that everyone whinges about amounted to less that the dividends we paid to shareholders as a plc. Do you have a source for your ridiculous accusations? Or even a shred of evidence?
- 12 March 2011 at 10:46
- andersred said...
Forgot to add, I'll upload the spreadsheet when I'm in front of a normal computer.
Quick one on the quads, the plc had cash on the balance sheet to pay for them, but the LBO debt structure meant the Glazers' had to take out a facility to pay for their completion. Not "trousered" cash but swallowed up into the whole debt morass....
- 12 March 2011 at 10:54
Almost by definition, using the clubs profits to pay for the debts imposed on the club during the acquisition is a transfer of wealth from Manchester United to the Glazers. The idea that the Glazers have not been considerably enriched by those actions is absurd (if that is not what you meant, then I apologize, but it appeared so when you mentioned that they hadn't taken dividends).
Anonymous 08:48:
To compare this United team to Apple, and the team prior to the acquisition to your own company, this team would need to be the best team in Europe, but crucially, the team prior to the takeover would have needed to be in the Conference (or a league that is comparable to the difference between your own company and Apple). That would at least make more sense.
Comparing your own company with Apple is not the same thing as comparing the same company over two distinct time periods. To do so, it is far more instructive to use the percentage of profits as Anders has done due to the fact that there is no credible method of constraining all of the variables, including but not limited to, the size of revenues, the inflation in transfer fees, and the quality of the competition. Simply comparing two brute facts tells us very little in this regard.
In fact, your own comparison tells us why that is so. A club may spend more on transfers (and other investments in the club) between two distinct time periods, but if it constitutes a much smaller percentage of revenues, and/or if the average cost of transfers has increased dramatically (or perhaps there are other reasons such as a greater need to invest as compared to the quality of the competition, which is largely subjective), then it is entirely possible that the higher figure actually constitues less (relative) investment when those variables are taken in to account.
It should not be at all surprising that most of the costs of running a football club have increased over time, particularly as the clubs revenues have increased (doubled). What is surprising is that our transfer spending has actually decreased (net) in the past five years compared to the five years prior to the acquisition, both in terms of the actual figure and as a percentage of the overall profits.
- 12 March 2011 at 13:45
Hi Anders
I do recall the Glazers using the RCF to fund for the expansion and then using the first refinancing in 2006 to cover the drawn RCF.
Expressing inward investment, especially net spend as a function of turnover\profit is a more realistic measure than an absolutist comparison over time; it gives a better picture of tranfer fee inflation- the growth in turnover driving transfer fee inflation. Transfer fee inflation at the top end of the spectrum has been significant. The fact that the absolute net spend in the 5 years prior to the takeover was higher than in the Glazer period actually downplays the real money difference.
Gee, some posters would like us to believe that fee inflation has been fixed at zero; that a 22 year old Roy Keane would still be available today for 3+m. How they confound even their own common sense in an effort to present a more favourable picture under the Glazers..
Anyway, I think your filter has a particular problem with my posts- a post I made last night got caught in its web. Perhaps you might set it free.
- 12 March 2011 at 14:09
There's nothing wrong with my numbers Anders.
Red Football Limited's cumulative EBITDA was £382m over the 06-10 period. You can't use pre-exceptional EBITDA for this analysis. Even using your figure of £395m sees gross investment as % of EBITDA come in at 72.4%. So over two percentage points higher than you initially claimed. Lucky I'm here to keep an eye on you eh?
I was quite correctly comparing EBITDA growth on a like-for-like basis by taking the performance element out of the equation.
With regards to Swissramble's blog, there's always been a slowdown in growth during the year when the PL and CL television rights are still both in the same three year cycle (ie: the 2009/10 season when the PL deal was in its final year and the CL deal in its second). In 10/11 clubs will benefit from the new PL deal. In 11/12 they'll benefit from the new CL deal, etc.
And yes, let's see the actual gross investment figures for the 01/05 period. I have them going back to 2002 but you can be a good sport and save me a couple of quid on the Companies House by providing
the others.
- 12 March 2011 at 22:46
Hello LSD,
My point about the sensational growth in commercial income was in response to Andersred's claim that the Glazer model is all about reaping not sowing. Clearly that isn't the case. A significant investment (the ''sowing'' element) was made in the London commercial team and the club is now ''reaping'' the benefits of that strategy. Hope that clears that up for you.
The club has provided clarification on Gill's comments. No harm done.
Transfer fee inflation really hasn't been that significant between the two five year periods. It's been player wages which have really taken off but the Glazers come out smelling of roses on that score too as you'll no doubt be aware that the club's wage bill has increased by over £50m pa since their takeover.
Keep trying gentlemen. The reality is that there's actually very little in the way of credible criticism that can be aimed at the Glazers stewardship of our great club.
Fantastic win today wasn't it! God knows how many players out injured and we can still put a team out on the pitch which comfortably beats the second best team in the country.
We're Man United, we do what we want.
- 12 March 2011 at 23:00
"Transfer fee inflation really hasn't been that significant between the two five year periods."
This does not appear to be true. According to Tomkins et al in their book, Pay as You Play, the average price of a transfer in the PL has doubled in the last 10 years. Professor Stefan Szymanski has also suggested that the cost of winning a game in the Premier League is now £7.2million, compared to £348,000 roughly 20 years ago (this includes both transfers and wages).
So, while I accept that wages have probably increased at a greater rate -- although the better players were earning roughly £50k-£70k in the late nineties, whereas they are earning roughly £100k-£140k in the present day (with some notable exceptions), which is a similar doubling (and which mirrors the doubling of revenues quite nicely) -- if the figure provided by Tomkins et al is correct, it makes our current transfer spending all the more remarkable.
- 13 March 2011 at 00:18
lsd gchq is eaststander he was outed on redcafe and he is a gimp
- 13 March 2011 at 00:30
- MattT said...
Good one Anders, keep it up.
Some people don't like hearing it but that doesn't invalidate your points.
GCHQ - 2 percentage points in either direction changes my opinion (thinks....) not at all !
If it makes you happy with the situation then good for you.
- 13 March 2011 at 02:08
The credit the Glazers get for upping commercial income is a big red herring. Utd have a bigger clout than Liverpool yet only have a shirt sponsorhip for the same value of £80m over 4 years. Also
Utd have a bigger world standing than Bayern Munich but lag behind in commercial revenue by a whopping £65.7m! Bayern's £135.7 to United's £70m on the most recent figures.
United could take advantage of local businesses like Boddingtons, Co-op and Peel Holdings but chose not to. Plus there is no point in bringing extra revenue in if its only going into extra bank fees rather than the clubs coffers, for transfers, ground expansion, cheaper tickets for kids and meaningless cup games.
- 13 March 2011 at 17:08
- Ed said...
Got to this late but I noticed once again the red herring of plc dividends raised its ugly head. Total dividends, including special dividends made to fight off various takeover attempts amounted to £61.74m over 15 years of listing. Amounts to a little more than £4m a year compared to current £45m plus being paid out in interest payments.
- 13 March 2011 at 22:02
Can I welcome GCHQ Back on here and can i look forward to him giving a more Fair and Balanced View of Our Clubs Finances
- 14 March 2011 at 20:40
I did a quick review of the cash flow statements of the Red Football stats from 2006 on.
The cash generated in the business from 2006 to 2010 was £480.2m.
Of this £227.9m was paid out in servicing finance (incl interest), £55.9m was paid out in net transfers and £71.4m was paid out in net fixed asset acquisitions.
Overall there was a positive movement in cash over the period was £131.2m.
I don't have the pre-Glazer accounts so can't do a comparison.
- 14 March 2011 at 22:29
"Can I welcome GCHQ Back on here and can i look forward to him giving a more Fair and Balanced View of Our Clubs Finances"
Fair and Balanced as in Fox News!!!
- 15 March 2011 at 09:44
perhaps Andy you could take us inside the Glazer Family Property Interests again.It has been some time sine you last mentioned this part of the Glazer Empire
- 16 March 2011 at 13:56
- strapworld said...
Is GCHQ David Gill? It can only account for his rose tinted specatacle vision on Manchester United.
The fact remains that andersred has highlighted the disgrace that is the Glazers.
- 16 March 2011 at 14:27
- alax said...
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- 18 March 2011 at 08:57
Should I boycott the season tickets this year Anders or is everything ok now the PIKs are gone??
- 18 March 2011 at 13:14
Anonymous 13.14.
I do not understand your question. Surely if you can afford a season ticket you are old enough to make your own mind up as to whether you want to buy one or not?
- 18 March 2011 at 15:57
@ja. Have manners in future. The question was NOT directed at you so I don't care if you don't understand it.
@Anders. Last year you wrote "My advice - don't renew" Will you be giving the same advice this year?
- 18 March 2011 at 17:44
Anon @ 13:14 & 17:44
If your question was private, perhaps a public message board wasn't the place to ask it. I suspect however you're trying to make a point (badly). I agree with Ja, you're an adult (presumably) make your own mind up. In my opinion, the PIKs aren't "gone" we just can't see them anymore.
- 18 March 2011 at 19:02
Anonymous @ 13.14 and 17.44
Excuse my manners or lack of them. I would like to ask you:
1. have you ever in the past purchased a season ticket for OT? (or season tickets as you originally wrote).
2. If the answer to 1 is yes, have you since not renewed?
3. If the answer to 3 is yes, was the reason for this Anders' recommendation last year?
If you have the manners to answer these questions, perhaps we will gain a better picture of the reasons why you originally asked your question. At present I can only make an educated guess. And as Milneonthewing says, if your question was private, using a public forum might be a bit crass if you want to keep the question and answer confidential.
- 18 March 2011 at 20:27
"The most effective action supporters can take to shorten the Glazers' ownership of our club is to not renew their season tickets for 2010/11."
- 19 March 2011 at 00:58
- simpson said...
- 22 March 2011 at 12:21
For any glazerite to boost about increased revenue is just bizarre. It is based on huge increases on ticket prices and this has still failed to shrink the debt.
Very hard to convince a match going red who has has seen a dramatic rise in costs and seen players leave the club.
- 31 March 2011 at 15:32
Just read through these comments. GCHQ does make a fair point that it is unfair to disqualify £35m in infrastructure spending and then essentially chastise the Glazers for not spending that money on other projects/players. It doesn't matter that the money was pre-contracted, it still represented a cash flow out of the company.
I was curious about a related matter. There seemed to be an implication in anders' reply that the £18m hangover from the Rooney transaction had been treated in the same way, or, worse, that it had been attributed to the plc. Could you set my mind at rest by comfirming that it was included in the Glazers' expenditures.
- 8 April 2011 at 19:29
- andersred said...
Hi Anonymous on 8 April. Don't worry, all the transfer spending is allocated to the year cash was paid. The stage payments for Rooney are Inc in the Glazer years.
- 8 April 2011 at 20:13


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Growing concerns bring crowd to city hall
Minot residents turned out in force to protest paving districts and expansions of an RV park and church building at the Minot City Council meeting Monday.
Council chambers overflowed with people wanting to make their voices heard.
Minot's growing pains were apparent in the number residents objecting to inclusion in paving districts made necessary by new developments being built in their existing neighborhoods. Some paving districts had advanced to the bid stage without public notification because developers requesting the districts owned most of the property, which overrides any protest and eliminates the need for notification of neighbors under the city code.
The city is in the process of developing a policy manual for special assessments that would require notification of everyone included in a proposed district. In some cases heard Monday, notification was provided, but in other cases, upset residents rose to protest that they just learned about districts that are well into the formulation process.
"Although it may be legal, I don't know if it's moral or ethical to do that to the citizens of that neighborhood," said Joel Feist, a developer who joined residents in opposing a proposed special assessment district for paving on 30th Avenue Northwest. Some developers, like Feist, who paid for their own project infrastructure, opposed being included in special assessment districts requested by other developers.
Jeff Dunn, whose property was to be included in the 30th Avenue project, said he would not benefit but would only see more traffic from street improvements.
"All I see this is, is the developer trying to get someone else to foot the bill," he said.
The council voted to abandon the 30th Avenue District and another district in northwest Minot. In a few other cases, the council let the districts proceed to a special assessment committee, which determines how assessments are spread among property owners. Assessments are based on benefit so residents have a chance to argue to the committee that their benefit is limited.
The council approved a subdivision request and alley relocation for a building expansion by Christ Lutheran Church. The project had been held by the planning commission for a month while the church addressed neighborhood concerns. Last week, the commission voted to recommend council approval. A few neighbors came to the council to express lingering concerns about the alley change and parking arrangement.
The council denied a permit to the new owners of the Roughrider Campground to expand onto property abutting the Big 4 Boy Scout Camp. The owners laid out plan for improving the campground into a recreational vehicle resort. The plan included a fence, trees and surveillance cameras as a buffer and security between the campground and Big 4. They said they planned to patrol their campground and conduct background checks of campers.
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Area residents also spoke against the expansion because of concerns over the sewer system and traffic, and because of their lack of confidence in the owners' ability to follow through on promises.
In other action, council member Blake Krabseth asked the council to advance a Wal-Mart development on 21st Avenue Northwest that the planning commission held due to neighborhood concerns. Although neighbors were notified of the possibility that the project could be discussed on the meeting, council members were reluctant to move forward.
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The council approved on second reading a reformulation of the 1 percent sales tax to include flood control as an expenditure. The new tax, to begin July 1, 2014, will be divided with half for flood control, 25 percent for capital improvements, 15 percent for economic development and 10 percent for property-tax relief.


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Lumberjacks win Firebird Invitational
The Alpena Community College Cross Country team took a huge step in the right direction Friday afternoon.
The Lumberjacks took first place overall at the Firebird Invitational held at Kirtland College. Alpena finished with 28 points, followed by Kirtland (57 points) and Sault College (74 points).
"We've been running well so far. The main thing we have been missing is our runners running in packs. This is the only way we will get to the next level. We have been too spread out, until today. Our goal was to run together and that's what we did. This is exactly why we won by such a large margin." Alpena coach Mark Jacobs said.
The Lumberjacks cleaned up on the award stand, taking eleven of the first fifteen spots. Leading the way for Alpena was Jon Fitch who finished third overall with a 6K time of 21:19.
"One month and one day ago, Jon Fitch was doing the majority of his training long boarding. The kid is an incredible athlete. It's scary to think how good of a runner he's going to be" Jacobs said. "Travis LaCross has been injured and it's so good to see the rest of the team step up."
Following Fitch was Chad Zagacki (4th/21:27), Paul Wilbert (6th/21:51), Luke Spaulding (7th/21:56), Brandon Gibson (8th/21:58), Travis LaCross (10th/22:28), Jake Spaulding (11th/22:39), Brent Herberling (12th/22:43) JD Niergarth (13th/23:26), Andrew Sumerix (14th/23:31), Zane Forintos (15th/23:56) and Kyle Urban (19th/26:31).
In the women's race, Katie Brownell of ACC finished 11th overall.


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I recently discovered this type of Oolong (thanks, Ambrose) and I've really taken to it. It's rich and smooth. No harshness. Lots of flavour. I could go on and on! I'm having a great deal of success with it using a gaiwan. In fact I'm having a great deal of success with most Chinese teas in a gaiwan (at least with the ones I've tried recently.)
I'd like to get a nice little clay pot for this kind of Oolong at some point. Any recommendations for what pot would truly be ideal for Li Shan Oolong in particular? I'd like a small size, but big enough for the leaves to expand adequately.
My guesses: Duan Ni? Green clay?
Something like these?:
http://www.yunnansourcing.com/store/pro ... roduct=592
http://www.yunnansourcing.com/store/pro ... roduct=321


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One last tip
ST. PAUL – Inside Hamline University's Hutton Arena, with its wooden bleachers folded up on both sides of the court and a warmth blanketing the small gymnasium that was first opened in 1937, the Marshall boys' basketball team ran through drills and strategies Friday afternoon in preparation for its upcoming game against St. Paul Johnson.
Practice was a welcome diversion for the Tigers following Thursday's 68-65 overtime loss to unbeaten Austin in the Class AAA state tournament semifinals at Target Center, a game where missed foul shots and 19 turnovers proved to be Marshall's undoing. Their 17-game winning streak snapped and hopes of a hoisting a championship trophy dashed, the Tigers used their final practice of the season to try to refocus on a different target.
"You just have to kind of regroup," Marshall head coach Travis Carroll said. " It was good to be able to come into practice today and have another workout with the guys.
"They had a good workout today, and at the end of the day you have to look at the opportunity in front of you and not look behind you. In front of us, we have a chance to play for a third-place finish in the state of Minnesota, and you know what, that's a pretty good accomplishment if we're able to get the job done."
One day isn't enough time to fully recover from losing a state semifinal game, especially one that came down to the wire. Something that gives the Tigers solace is that they know they gave their best effort in the defeat.
"We're top four in our class, so that's still a great thing," Marshall senior Hunter Peterson said. "And like Coach said in our huddle, a lot of people came up to us after the game and told us we did a really good job and really played as a team. That's always great to hear from people, even after a loss."
Marshall (28-3 overall) and St. Paul Johnson (22-8) will battle for the third-place trophy at 2 p.m. today at Concordia University-St. Paul coming off very different semifinal performances.
While the Tigers were in a back-and-forth affair against Austin that saw 18 lead changes and seven ties, the Governors were throttled, 86-59, by top seed and defending champion DeLaSalle.
The Marshall players and coaches know DeLaSalle has made a lot of good teams look bad this season and expect a tough challenge from the Governors in what will likely be a fast-paced game between two teams that like to get up and down the court quickly.
"They're an athletic team so we just have to make sure we don't give up driving lanes or easy baskets and that we get back on defense," Marshall senior forward Derek Buysse said.
St. Paul Johnson is led by 6-foot-3 senior forward Quashingm Smith-Pugh and guard Jalen Mobley, who average 18.5 and 13.5 points per game, respectively. Smith-Pugh had 20 points and 15 rebounds in the Governor's 64-54 quarterfinal win over Delano.
Marshall's strength all season has been its balance and depth, with six or seven players that can score in double figures in any given game. Having played with each other since they were in elementary school, the Tiger seniors have credited their well-developed chemistry for much of their success.
Today will be the final time the seven Marshall seniors will get to play with each other in a high school game. A championship is no longer in the cards, but the seniors realize they still have an opportunity to accomplish something special in their final game together.
"It kind of sucks knowing we only have one more game together as a group after growing together as a team this year," Peterson said. "It'll be rough and it's kind of hard thinking about it, but it will be fun getting that one last opportunity to play with each other and hopefully we can go out and get a win."


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ZeroXposur Boy's System Jacket
by ZeroXposur | Item #: 586718 | Model #: C42100X |
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About this itemFree standard shipping for online orders.
Removable inner jacket serves as a transitional item for early fall season. This combination jacket is perfect for Autumn, colder Winter months, and Spring!
ZeroXposur children's system jackets offer active-inspired styling and a comfortable fit. These jackets will keep kids protected while looking cool in any type of weather. Wear each as separates, or together for maximum warmth.
- Available in sizes: 4, 5/6, 7/8, and 10/12
- Fabric Content: Polyester
- Care Instructions: Machine Wash Cold, Tumble Dry Low
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Earth's Best, Organic Whole Grain Multi-Grain Cereal, 8 oz (227 g)
- You earn loyalty credit for every order you place at iHerb!
- Loyalty credit is equal to 5% of the value of your order, excluding shipping charges.
- Your loyalty credit will be applied towards your next order as soon as your current order has shipped.
- Your loyalty credits are valid for up to 60 days from the date of your last purchase.
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Expiration Date:?Aug 2017Expiration Date
The length of time for the expiration date or "best used before" date depends on the type of product, as well as the brand.
Perishable items (such as flax oils or certain probiotics) generally have shorter expiration dates. Although our warehouse is fully air-conditioned, these more fragile items are put in cold storage (freezer or refrigeration unit) for maximum freshness.
Our receiving department does its best to verify and then enter the correct expiration dates for all incoming products. However, discrepancies do occur from time to time. This being said, the exceptionally high turnover at iHerb ensures that our inventory is among the freshest in the industry.
Shipping Weight:?0.8 lbs (0.36 kg)Shipping WeightThe Shipping Weight includes the product, protective packaging material and the actual shipping box. In addition, the Shipping Weight may be adjusted for the Dimensional Weight (e.g. length, width & height) of a package. It is important to note that certain types of products (e.g. glass containers, liquids, fragile, refrigerated or ice packed) will often require protective packaging material. As such, these products will reflect a higher Shipping Weight compared to the unprotected product.
- Product Code: JAS-90002
- UPC Code: 023923900028
- Package Quantity: 8 oz (227 g)
- Dimensions: 2 x 5.5 x 7.4 in, 0.65 lbs (0.29 kg)
- The Earth's Best Way to Grow
- 45% Daily Value of Iron for Infants
- No GEI
- Grown Without Potentially Harmful Pesticides or Herbicides
- Oats, Spelt and Barley Blend When Ready to Move Beyond Rice Cereal
- Easily Digestible
- Iron Fortified
- No Genetically Engineered Ingredients
- USDA Organic
- Certified Organic by QAI
All Babies Begin Life 100% Pure...Feed Them Accordingly
From the first spoonful on, you can be sure your baby's rapidly developing little body is getting only pure, healthy, organic nutrition. We take extra steps with our cereal and all our baby foods.
- Organic Certified Grown Without Potentially Harmful Pesticides or Herbicides
- 45% Daily Value of Iron for infants
- 25% of the Daily Value for Six B Vitamins
- Made With No Genetically Engineered Ingredients
- Unsalted & Unsweetened
- Only Whole Grain
- Never any Artificial Colors or Preservatives
Organic & Made with No Genetically Engineered Ingredients
The long-term effects of potential pesticide residues are not fully understood, but we do know that the risks are real, especially for infants and children. That's why Earth's Best Organic brings you only organic foods grown without potentially harmful pesticides or herbicides. Earth's Best Organic is also made without genetically engineered ingredients.
We fortify our cereals with key nutrients including Iron, Zinc & B Vitamins
- 25% of the Daily Value for 6 B-complex vitamins that help support a healthy immune and nervous system to help your baby convert food into energy to power their day!
- Zinc is an important mineral for infants, as it plays a key role during this time of rapid growth and development, as well as cell repair and immune function.
- Pediatrician recommend the introduction of iron-rich foods, including fortified cereals, to help maintain adequate iron levels for both breast fed and formula fed infants.
Whole Grain Natural Goodness
Unlike processed grains, whole grains are not stripped of nutrients, giving your baby more naturally occurring vitamins and minerals in a gentle, digestible cereal.
Suggested Use
Simply Mix & Serve
- Pour desired amount of cereal in a bowl.
- Stir in liquid (breast milk, formula or water).
- Mix to desired consistency.
- Serve as is or warm.
- Discard any remaining cereal from feeding.
For Baby's First Feeding
Mix 1 tablespoon of dry cereal with 3-4 tablespoons of breast milk or formula. Increase liquid to reach desired consistency. Gradually increase serving amount over feedings.
Microwave Guidelines
- Heat liquid of choice on medium (50%) power for 15 to 30 seconds.
- Pour and Mix heated liquid thoroughly with cereal to even out temperature.
- Test temperature before serving.
Note: Breast milk should not be microwaved as it breaks down its composition.
Other Ingredients
Organic whole grain barley flour, organic whole grain oat flour, organic whole grain spelt (wheat) flour, vitamins & minerals (calcium phosphate, ferric pyrophosphate, zinc oxide, alpha tocopherol acetate [vitamin E], niacinamide [vitamin B3], thiamine mononitrate [vitamin B1], riboflavin [vitamin B2], pyridoxine hydrochloride [vitamin B6], cyanocobalamin [vitamin B12], folic acid), alpha-amylase.
Contains: Wheat.
Store in a cool dry place.
Use within 30 days of opening.
Package sold by weight, not volume. (Contents may settle during shipping.)
|Supplement Facts
|Serving Size: 4 Tbsp (14 g)
|Servings Per Container: 16
|Amount Per Serving
|%Daily Value
|Total Fat
|0.5 g
|Trans Fat
|0 g
|0 mg
|Total Carbohydrate
|10 g
|Dietary Fiber
|2 g
|0 g
|2 g
|Vitamin A
|Vitamin C
|Vitamin E
|Vitamin B6
|Vitamin B12
Verified Purchase
The taste is good. My baby likes it. Just the color is a bit dark.
expiring soon!
Verified Purchase
expiring soon!
It expires soon within 1 months! And it doesn't smell fresh even before the expiry date. Very disappointing!
Tastes sweet without added sugar
Posted by 5722811239183954417 on Dec 13, 2016
This porridge has a natural sweetness that makes it very tasty for babies. Easy to prepare. Just wish it came in better packaging: the box leaks powder and the pouring spout is really flimsy.
expiring soon!
It expires soon within 1 months! And it doesn't smell fresh even before the expiry date. Very disappointing!
Posted by 5632904269083805309 on Oct 07, 2016
Thank you for fast shipping.My baby love that cereal ❤
Posted by 5123095915757195815 on Oct 04, 2016
As a mom I'm very careful with anything that my children eat. These cereal are as simple and natural as they get and it's a great solution for days I can't prepare the oatmeal myself
Excellent product
Posted by 4639853435093011483 on Sep 28, 2016
Mixes into a very smooth paste that is easy to eat for a baby.


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Valentine's Day gifts for kids
Love is in the air and you may be looking to buy your little one something special for Valentine's Day. From babies to teens, here are ideas to help you spread the love, including soft and cuddly stuffed animals, pink and red clothing, jewelry for teens and more.
Love-a-Saurus Interactive Stuffed Dinosaur(Credit: Hallmark)
This fun-loving dinosaur sings a parody of "U Can't Touch This" and dances with the press of a button; $32.95 at hallmark.com.
Plush Heart Pillow with Candy(Credit: Personal Creations)
This super-plush polyester pillow comes with a box of pastel candy hearts and is available in blue, hot pink, purple and red. Personalize it with a message, a loved one's name or more; $19.99 at personalcreations.com.
Dr. Seuss Thing One and Thing Two itty bittys Stuffed Animal(Credit: Hallmark)
Part of Hallmark's itty bittys line, Thing One and Thing Two feature their signature blue hair with heart antennas; $6.95 sold separately at hallmark.com.
Heart Shaped Sunglasses(Credit: The Children's Place)
These red, heart-shaped sunglasses feature a tortoise design on the arms; $4.95 at childrensplace.com.
"Stay True" soap(Credit: Papyrus)
This peony rose and vanilla scented soap is wrapped in pale pink paper with gold and pink lettering; $9.95 at papyrusonline.com.
Flipsies Clementine and her Cake(Credit: VTech)
Clementine features two wigs, two outfits and other accessories that will transform her from a girl into a baker. Press the charm on her necklace to see it light-up. When placed on the MagicPoint next to her cake, she'll respond with phrases and more; $9.99 at toysrus.com.
Little Cupid First Valentine's Day bib(Credit: Hallmark)
Your little one can celebrate their first Valentine's Day with this heart-shaped red bib with an adorable bear; $9.95 on hallmark.com.
Big One Plush Throw(Credit: Kohl's)
Your little ones can warm up with this ultra plush throw blanket with pink and red hearts; $39.99 at kohls.com.
Rumple Buddies(Credit: Rumple Buddies)
Rumple Buddies are made with soft, textured material with a stuffing that crinkles when touched. Choose from five different buddies: Beary, Bunny, Kitty, Monkey and Rider; $16.95 on rumplebuddies.com.
Juicy Couture Glitter Lips Coin Purse(Credit: Kohl's)
This Juicy Couture coin purse features a lip-shaped design with glitter accents and a wrist strap; $29 at kohls.com.
Heart Print Crew Socks(Credit: The Children's Place)
The Heart Print Crew Socks from The Children's Place are pink, red and white and come in sizes small, medium and large; $3.95 at childrensplace.com.
You Can Count on Me Interactive Bear(Credit: Hallmark)
This snuggle-time bear is soothing and plays a sweet version of the song "Count on Me;" $32.95 at hallmark.com.
Rocking Cupig(Credit: Hallmark)
This Valentine's Day-inspired plush rocks from side to side and sings "Cupid Shuffle;" $24.99 on kohls.com.
HABA Mimi Rattle(Credit: HABA)
The Haba Mimi rattle is decorated in bright pinks and reds with each heart spinning freely; $13.49 at habausa.com.
Hallmark Knitted Stuffed Animals(Credit: Hallmark)
Kids can have fun with the safari animals from Hallmark. Morgan the Monkey's tag reads 'Let's hang out,' Liam the Lion's tag says 'You're the King of Hearts,' Elliott the Elephant's tag reads 'You're EAR-resistible and Zoe the Zebra's tag says 'You're one in a zillion;' $19.95 each at hallmark.com.
Disney Frozen Do You Want to Build A Snowman jewlery box(Credit: Jakks Pacific)
This jewelry box with young Anna and Elsa with Olaf features "Do You Want to Build a Snowman?" song from the movie. Inside the jewelry box, there is a surprise heart ring; $29.99 at Target.com.
Itty Bitty Bowtie and Boxers Boo(Credit: Gund)
Modeled after Boo, the popular Pomeranian with more than 15 million Facebook fans, Gund's Itty Bitty Boo features a Valentine's Day red bow tie and red boxer shorts with white hearts; $11.99 at gund.com.
Valentine's Day Beanie Boo(Credit: Ty)
This 9" Beanie Boo named Cuddly Bear features wide eyes, red paws and ears, and he's holding a red heart; $12.50 at papyrusonline.com.
Sketch It Nail Pens(Credit: Alex Brands)
Tweens and teens can give their nails a whole new look with the Alex Toys Nail Pens. The set comes with five bright colors with two-tip nail pens; $14.50 at alexbrands.com.
Plush Valentine Hedgehog(Credit: Papyrus)
This soft hedgehog sports a hot pink bow and heart, perfect for your little Valentine; $19.95 at papyrusonline.com.
Candy Craft Chocolate Pen(Credit: Skyrocket Toys)
The Candy Craft Chocolate Pen from Skyrocket Toys is a motorized chocolate pen that dispenses real liquid chocolate that then hardens into solid chocolate. The chocolate tubes can be easily switched to create multicolor treats. The chocolate kit, for kids ages 6 and older, includes the pen, different colored chocolate tubes, molds and more; $29.99 at toysrus.com.
I Love Us Baseball(Credit: Hallmark)
Show your little sluggers how much you love them with a love-themed baseball; $9.95 at hallmark.com.
Hair Chalk Pens(Credit: Alex Toys)
Girls can transform their hair with the five, mess-free pens. Choose from original or metallic, the chalk washes out easily with shampoo; $9.99 at alexbrands.com.
'Little Heart Breaker' pajama set(Credit: Children's Place)
Your little one will break hearts in this ruby red, cotton jersey pajama set, available up to size 5T; $14.95 at childrensplace.com.
Be Mine Sweet Hugs Pup(Credit: Build-a-Bear)
This candy-scented puppy is sporting a hoodie, denim jeans and black canvas high-tops while holding a Be Mine White Heart. Also available for girls; $45.50 at buildabear.com.
Disney Pixar "Inside Out" Mood Changing Lip Balm(Credit: Drugstore.com)
Kids can choose their lip balm based on Disney Pixar's "Inside Out" movie featuring Fear, Anger, Sadness, Joy and Disgust; $6.99 at drugstore.com.
Scorch the Dragon(Credit: SoapSox Kids)
Scorch the Dragon is a fun bath time toy that features built-in pockets for secure scrubbing, with an opening for liquid or bar soap; $14.99 at soapsoxkids.com.
KindNotes(Credit: KindNotes)
Send your children a message (31 to be exact) of love. You can customize the notes or select from pre-made greetings; prices start at $25.95 on kindnotes.com.
"Be My Valentine, Charlie Brown"(Credit: Peanuts Worldwide LLC)
Join Charlie Brown and The Peanuts Gang as they get ready for Valentine's Day; $9.95 at hallmark.com.
Monkey Love(Credit: Sesame Gifts)
Packaged in a beautiful box, the Bashful Monkey from Jellycat comes with a dark chocolate bar from Chocolove; $20 at sesamegifts.com.
'Everyone Says I Love You' pop-up book(Credit: Amazon.com)
There's no better way to say "I love you" than saying it in different languages. The "Everyone Says I Love You" pop-up book, illustrated by Beegee Tolpa, features iconic elements from each location; for example, the Statue of Liberty in the U.S., a gondola in Italy and an African safari; $12.99 at amazon.com.
SnugaPuppy(Credit: Fisher-Price)
The SnugaPuppy Calming Vibrations Soother from Fisher-Price is a plush friend for baby that offers 10 minutes of calming music and gentle vibration. Also available in Snugabear; $14.99 at Target stores and Target.com.
Disney Frozen: An Adventure in Arendelle coloring book(Credit: Disney Storybook Artists )
This over-sized coloring book features all your "Frozen" friends: Anna, Elsa, Olaf, Kristoff, Sven and more. It includes more than 50 stickers and 24 large images to color; $6.99 at amazon.com.
Love Letters Decorative Pillow(Credit: Novogratz)
The vibrant Love Letters Decorative Pillow from Novogratz is made of polyester and is sure to brighten up your tween or teen's bedroom; $13.44 at walmart.com.
'Llama Llama I Love You'(Credit: Amazon.com)
The "Llama Llama I Love You" board book by Anna Dewdney (Viking), little llama shows his friends and family how much he loves them with heart-shaped cards and lots of hugs; $5.99 at amazon.com.
BooginHead pacifiers(Credit: BooginHead)
Customize a festive Valentine's Day pacifier from BooginHead for your little one. You'll find a full line of Nuk pacifiers featuring heart patterns and sweet messages; $9.99 at booginhead.com or babiesrus.com.
Hale Muck Boots(Credit: The Original Muck Boot Company)
The kids Hale Muck Boots are 100 percent waterproof and the flexible upper part of the boot makes it easy for little ones to slip them on and off; $69.95 at muckbootcompany.com.
'Dear Valentine Letters: Mad Libs'(Credit: Amazon.com)
Children ages 8 and older can enjoy sending Mad Libs Valentine letters. Once they filled in the blanks, simply fold, seal and send. It also comes with custom-designed stickers; $4.99 at amazon.com.
Pintuck Sleeping Bag(Credit: PB Teen)
The Pintuck Sleeping Bag from PB Teen helps make sleepovers fun. It's made of 100 percent cotton percale, filled with polyester batting and features pintuck stitching. Machine washable and available in pool (pictured), magenta and purple; $89.99 at pbteen.com.
Photo Puzzle(Credit: Shutterfly)
Make a personalized photo puzzle from Shutterfly for your little ones using a variety of pictures. The 252-piece puzzle comes with a matching photo box; $29.99 at shutterfly.com.
Big Love Blanket(Credit: Belle & Beanzer)
Big Love Blanket (Belle & Beanzer)
The Big Love heart-shaped blanket from Belle & Beanzer is made from Pima cotton and French terry. They're perfect for swaddling, nursing and when you're on the go; $65 at belleandbeanzer.com.
Lovely Hearts Bracelet(Credit: Isabelle Grace Jewelry)
Lovely Hearts Bracelet (Isabelle Grace Jewelry)
The silver heart-shaped Lovely Hearts Bracelet from Isabelle Grace Jewelry charm is stamped with your daughter's initial and accented with your choice of Swarovski crystal in a variety of colors; $45 at isabellegracejewlry.com.
Picture Playing Cards(Credit: Shutterfly)
Add your child's favorite picture to the poker-size deck of playing cards from Shutterfly. The set comes with 52 standard cards, two Jokers and a hard case; $19.99 at shutterfly.com.
'Who Loves' book(Credit: I See Me)
You can personalize the "Who Loves" book from I See Me with your child's name. The tale of lyrical rhymes features the names of those who love your child; $29.95 at iseeme.com.
Related MediaValentine's Day books for kids 43 indoor places to play on LI 100 things every LI family should do in 2017
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text: The Best Voice Recording App for AndroidMihir Patkar7/14/14 4:00am4910EditPromoteGo to permalink Your smartphone can double up as a dictaphone. Point your handset at the speaker and you can record meetings, lectures and interviews. Google Play has plenty of great voice recording apps, but Cogi rises to the top by recognizing the core needs of recording speech better than other apps.


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Themed Dinners in Lucca
Book Now
*Gourmet Weekend*
- *Romantic Elopement*
- *Relaxing Weekend*
- *Buy 2 Get One Free*
- Summer Offer 2016 in Tuscany could not get any better with the "Last Minute Summer Escape Special". Nestled amongst the green Tuscan hills surrounding Lucca, grab this special offer to escape the...
Lucca Restaurant for communions celebrations and entertainment in the Relais du Silence in Tuscany
Our Lucca restaurant for communions lies in the heart of the beautiful estate Tenuta San Pietro overlooking the relaxing views of the Tuscan hills, is just a few kilometres from the city.
The location makes it a particularly attractive place to celebrate any type of ceremony and crown the memorable moments of one's life. But it is also a perfect choice for evenings of fun and carefree, spending time with friends, surrounded by a pleasant atmosphere and delighted by Chef Guido Lotti dishes.
Relaxation and excellent cuisine at the Countryside Resort in Tuscany. The opportunity to participate to special events, like our theme dinners, will let you dive into the rediscovery of ancient flavours and recipes. A dinner based on pizza or pasta to appreciate two national monuments, heightened by the genuineness of the products. Or a party made in conjunction with the traditional olive harvest, the best chance to savour the extraordinary local goodness. Always, a true celebration of taste that makes this the ideal habitat where to establish the right relationship with food.


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Community Notebook
Dunkirk Free Library seeks board members
Dunkirk Free Library seeks residents who are interested in serving on the Library Board of Directors. Interested applicants should have a passion for libraries and the services they provide the community, as well as the ability to effectively advocate for the library.
The library is looking for people with skills in technology, finances, public re-lations and other skills beneficial to ensuring a healthy future for the library.
Individuals interested in serving on Dunkirk Free Library's behalf should send or email a letter of intent, as well as the completed application, on or before close of business on March 15.
Applications are available at the library and on its website. Forward information to:
Attn: Board Member Search
Dunkirk Free Library
536 Central Ave.
Dunkirk Free Library
Email: email@example.com
Meet the Candidates Spaghetti Dinner in Westfield Tuesday
The Westfield Republican Town Committee is sponsoring a Meet the Candid-ates Spaghetti Dinner at the Assembly of God Church on Main Street in Westfield on Tuesday from 5 to 7 p.m.
Mayor David Carr, Trustee Chris Jaynes, incumbent candidates, and candidate for trustee Tom Rackowski will attend.
Tickets are $10 for adults and $5 for kids under 10. Tickets may be purchased from any committee member, elected official serving the town or village or from ticket chairperson Marilyn Hemmer at 326-3504.
Tickets will also be available at the door. Everyone should write their names on the back of the ticket for a prize drawing.
Two ticket holders will win a $25 gift certificate to Beth's Park-view Cafe. Proceeds will benefit Patterson Library.
CCIDA?Audit Committee to meet
In accordance with the State Open Meetings Law, the local media is hereby notified of a meeting of the County of Chautauqua In-dustrial Development Agen-cy Audit Committee at 200 Harrison St., Jamestown, on Tuesday at 11:30 a.m.
Lakeshore Humane Society Pet Adoption Day/Open House
set for Saturday
The Lakeshore Humane Society will hold a Pet Adoption Day/Open House at its Adoption Center on Saturday from noon to 4 p.m.,
The center is located at 431 E. Chestnut Street, Dunkirk.
Call 672-1991 or see www.lakeshorehumanesociety.org for more information.
Cattaraugus church hosts 5th annual Chili/Soup Cook-off
Sunday at 1 p.m. at St. John's Church, 28 Ellicott St. in Cattaraugus is the place to be to cure your cabin fever blues and to support a great cause.
The church members are hosting their fifth annual chili and soup cook-off. They are challenging folks to put their culinary skills to the test by bringing along a crock-pot of their best chili and/or soup.
Beverages, rolls, and delicious desserts will be provided.
There is no admittance fee; however, in order to vote for your favorite chili or soup, tickets may be purchased for a nominal price. After tasting the offerings that are available, you place your ticket(s) in the bag next to the chili or soup that tickled your taste buds.
At the end of the event, tickets will be tallied and winners announced in each category.
Proceeds will benefit the Cattaraugus Free Library as well as other missions of the church.
Red Cross responds to help house fire
victims in Lakewood
The Southwestern NY American Red Cross Dis-aster Action Team responded to provide disaster relief following a house fire in Lakewood on Tuesday
DAT volunteer Phil Baker provided the initial disaster assistance. Temporary housing, clothing, and meals are services typically offered to address emergency needs.
Portland Planning Board meets Tuesday
The next monthly Plan-ning Board meeting will be Tuesday at 7:30 p.m. in the Portland Town Hall. The public hearing for the Speel-berg Enterprises project scheduled for that evening has been postponed.


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Spring 2000
Volume 4 Number 4
Class Stewards Cultivate Relationships
Since 1978, some alumni/ae have volunteered to help Princeton Seminary maintain lasting relationships with its graduates. Called class stewards, they represent their respective classes stretching from last years graduates back to the Class of 1951. They believe giving to the Seminary is more than a financial commitment.
"I take it as an opportunity to communicate with my classmates. I include information that might be of interest to them about myself and the Seminary, and I learn from them what is going on in their lives," says the Rev. J. Raymond Brubaker (60B), who is in his thirty-second year as pastor of Pennside Presbyterian Church in Reading, Pennsylvania, and his fourth year as steward of the Class of 1960. Brubaker, along with stewards representing graduates from the 50s, 60s, 70s, 80s, and 90s, revisited the campus February 45 to attend a workshop sponsored by the Office of Seminary Relations. The workshop provided first-time stewards the opportunity to learn their new responsibilities, while providing veterans like Brubaker a chance to make new acquaintances and to renew old ones.
"The stewardship weekend gets me back on campus," Brubaker says. "Its a break from the parish, but also a chance to relate to other graduates who are involved in similar ventures. It is re-creational in that it allows new relationships to form, and that is what so much of being a class steward is about."
Class stewards are the primary source of contact with former graduates, serving as liaisons between their classmates and the Seminary. Their major financial objective is to raise money for the Seminarys scholarship fund, money that goes directly to current and future PTS students. Class stewards are more than fund-raisers, however, and they consider relationship-building their key task.
First-time class steward for the Class of 1999 Jane Brady says that her reason for taking on the role of steward is two-fold. "Fund-raising is based so much on developing relationships, and class stewards are involved in this as an ongoing, long-term effort. Id like to stay in touch with folks for fund-raising reasons, of course, but also for personal reasons. When I graduated from PTS, I thought I would stay in touch with so many friends, but that has been harder to do than I thought. Now I have a chance to catch up with people."
Brady, a chaplain at Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital in New Brunswick, New Jersey, has considerable experience in fund-raising. Before entering seminary, she was director of development for the New Jersey Audubon Society. While a student, she also worked with the Seminary phonathon.
Bradys experience taught her that there are many people hard at work to ensure that Princeton Seminary remains a quality institution. "I am learning to value the sacrifices people make to help Princeton continue to be a diverse educational community. That is one thing that is so wonderful about PTS. As a student, I had a very diverse community just sixty-five miles away from my hometown. A lot of the students who help make the community diverse, especially international students, could not attend without scholarship aid provided by the contributions of former students."
A message for the Director of Planned Giving
By Chase S. Hunt
During the course of the campaign now in progress to fund the Miller Chapel Restoration Project, I have been impressed by the number of those who have elected to support this effort through gifts made in memory, honor, or appreciation of someone special to them. Parents, family members, special friends, colleagues in business or ministry, pastors, teachers, or mentors are among those whose names have been lifted up in this way.
There is nothing new about this, of course, as alumni/ae and friends of our institution have made such gifts to meet a variety of needs here through the years. Remembering someone in this way who has nourished and helped shape us, encouraged or inspired us, or been there with us and for us in both good and challenging times brings particular satisfaction to a donor. That satisfaction is compounded by the realization that such gifts will also advance the mission of the Seminary as it prepares women and men who study here for service to the church.
While gifts toward the Miller Chapel Restoration Project can be made outright or through a pledge payable through January 2002, life income arrangements available through the Seminarys planned giving program are an alternative that could enhance the amount given and also prove beneficial to the donor from a tax and estate planning perspective.
Life income arrangements typically provide income for the donor during his or her lifetime and then become the property of the Seminary for its general purposes or for a special purpose, such as the restoration of Miller Chapel, as specified in the formal agreement at the time the gift is made. Provision may also be made for a spouse or other beneficiary. According to the needs and desires of the donor, income can be in fixed or variable amounts. In all instances, the donor is entitled to a charitable deduction for income tax purposes and, if the gift is funded with appreciated property held longer than one year, to capital gain savings as well. Seminary policy requires that life income gifts be in the amount of one thousand dollars or more and that donors and beneficiaries be at least fifty years of age.
If the thought of remembering or honoring someone special to you through a gift in support of the Miller Chapel Restoration Project or of another Seminary activity appeals to you, please let me or my colleagues Gene Degitz or Dick Gronhovd know. If your interest is in making a gift by means of a life income arrangement, I will gladly provide you with more detailed information about the plans offered by the Seminary.
For more detailed information about each plan, please visit our website at www.ptsem.edu or call me at 800-622-6767, ext. 7756 or 609-497-7756.
Phonathon Nets Record Total
In March 1998, the Seminary took a new approach to staying in touch with alumni/ae. In addition to appeal letters and the work of class stewards, the Office of Seminary Relations gained help from those with an insiders understanding of the current state of the Seminary: the students.
The phonathon has PTS students and spouses contacting alumni/ae for updates on their post-seminary lives. Through these conversations the Seminary learns about everything from career changes to new children, and also provides an opportunity for former students to give back to their alma mater.
Since the initial calls in 1998, the phonathon placed calls to 12,731 graduates during four different campaigns, raising more than $60,000. The most recent phonathon, held during the first three weeks of February, raised $20,500 in fewer than 3,000 attempted calls.
Michael Mann, an M.Div. senior who called alumni/ae from the 60s, 80s, and 90s during the February phonathon, reflects on the advantage of having students make these calls: "People feel more comfortable giving when they are talking to someone who is familiar with the campus and life at the Seminary. Its a good starting point for conversation."
Manns experience was that only a few people were uncomfortable talking on the phone with a stranger. "Responses were a mixed bag, but most didnt mind talking to me," says Mann. "And it was good for me to be in touch with former students, to hear their stories. It was good to be pastored by them, and even to be their pastor on occasion."
The Office of Seminary Relations anticipates another phonathon campaign October 219, 2000. Alumni/ae, dont be surprised if you get a call!
© Copyright 2000 Princeton Theological Seminary
In This Issue


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Our friends in Cadillac Blindside have announced their first show since disbanding in 2002. They'll be playing the The Fest on October 26th in Fueled By Ramen's birthplace: Gainesville, Florida. Check out thefestfl.com to see the full lineup of bands including The Swellers, Lagwagon and Anti-Flag.
"It has been almost a decade since anyone has seen the likes of our really good friends Cadillac Blindside. Getting them to reunite has taken years in the making, and we could not be more pleased to have our good friends back in Gainesville!!!"
Tony Weinbender
founder of The Fest and former Fueled By Ramen employee
Watch a live video of the band above and click HERE to listen to their entire discography on BandCamp including These Liquid Lungs and The Allegory Of Death And Fame that were released on


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I aint ever satisfied. I freakin love this song by moonalice. It's soo
catchy. I feel like its something hippies could of listened to the
60s. It's on their http://www.myspace.com/moonalice . I'm actually seeing
them on March 26th in L.A. Hopefully they'll have their album there
before the release on April 14th .


text: MCC is committed to advancing diversity, equal opportunity, and positive relations on campus and in the community. The college's Office of Diversity Programs supports exploration of diversity in a safe and positive environment. Through diversity awareness, this office seeks to create and maintain an inclusive, respectful, and equitable learning and work environment.


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Greta Gerwig Gossip
Greta Gerwig gossip, latest news, photos, and video.
TIFF Review: Maggie's Plan
Taylor Hill/ George Pimentel/ Getty Images
Julianne Moore has Freeheld and Maggie's Plan at TIFF this year. Julianne and Ethan Hawke were shooting Maggie's Plan at a Brooklyn ice rink barely 36 hours after they were on the Oscar red carpet in February. That's an instant humbling, isn't it? To leave the Oscars, leave the gifting suites and the Vanity Fair parties to schlep home to Brooklyn, gear up for winter and skate with Greta Gerwig and child actors, on camera. Full Story
Greta Gerwig in Mistress America
Grant Lamos IV/ Desiree Navarro/ Getty Images
I don't really get Greta Gerwig. She's not untalented, but she doesn't really rock my face off, either. Yet people keep flipping out over her (Lainey: I used to flip over her), and I just want to ask—you've seen Chloe Sevigny, right? You do know that Chloe Sevigny exists? Because Greta Gerwig is basically Millennial Chloe Sevigny, which is not a bad thing to be, but let's not pretend like it's a whole new thing. Full Story


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Anyone who has owned a dog knows that eating is something canines do enthusiastically, but if it acts aggressive by growling or barking when a person or other pet goes near its food, this can be a big problem. According to VCA Animal Hospitals, this behavior can occur even if an owner attempted to train the dog when it was a puppy. If a dog was recently adopted, or has forgotten its manners, VCA reports that steps can be taken to curb this unwanted aggression.
VCA recommends first removing any conflict or anxiety that may be associated with feeding. During times when a dog isn't eating, an owner should keep its dog bowl out of reach so it is not waiting for its next meal. Dogs with food aggression should always be fed during scheduled times. When making meals, owners should keep their dog out of the room or even outside so they don't build up too much excitement while waiting.
Although some owners may want to punish their dog by making it wait or perform a number of tasks before being given its dog food, this method may only increase its hunger which could in turn increase its aggression. VCA suggest that owners instead give their dogs their meals inside their crates and then remove the bowls as soon as they're done to avoid anger. PetMD.com recommends that owners take their dogs for a long walk before meal time as a way to release some of their pent-up energy, which could help them remain calm while eating.


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You limited your search to:
Serial/Series Title: United States. Dept. of State. United States-United Nations information series
Collection: World War Poster Collection
The United Nations : for peace and world progress.
Date: 1946
Creator: United States. Dept. of State.
Description: The top and bottom of the poster are blue. In the top portion is the title; in the middle portion is a chart of the organization of the United Nations; the bottom section has drawings and text explaining some of the UN's goals.
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department


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I think for my next attempt at another dough for market I will try this flour.Norma
Norma;Both durum and semolina flours are typically, but not always milled from durum wheat. Their main application is in the production of pasta. Durum flour is indeed of a finer consistency than semolina flour which is milled differently than durum flour and has a coarser texture (larger particle size). The gluten from durum wheat is somewhat different from the gluten of regular hard red spring and winter wheat varieties in that it is much more elastic/tight. If you buy pasta made using a durum wheat flour and one made from a hard wheat flour you will readily see the difference as the pasta made from the hard wheat flour has a softer, slightly gummy texture, while that made from the durum wheat has a firm texture. By the way, you can readily tell the two apart at the supermarket without even needing to read the label, the durum wheat pasta will be a light creamy, almost yellow color, while that made from a hard red wheat flour will have a dark, almost dirty/dingy color. It typically sells for a lower price too.It looks like you have access to General Mills Flours. Here are some typical protein numbers that might be of interest to you for the GM flours.Rex Royal: 12.4%; Washburn's: 12.6%; Full Strength: 12.6%; Superlative: 12.6%; Hi Power: 13%; Remarkable: 13.6%; All Trumps: 14.2%; WINTER WHEAT FLOURS: King Wheat: 11.1%; Doughbuilder: 11.1%;GM-44: 11.1%; Pollyanna (Untreated) 10.5%; Harvest King: 12%; Ben Hur (Unbleached) 12%; Semolina #1 (Enriched): 12.2%; Extra Fancy Durum: 12.2%Tom Lehmann/The Dough Doctor
Both durum and semolina flours are typically, but not always milled from durum wheat.
Bromated and bleached is my choice. Have you tried AllTrumps? After trying many brands this is my favorite. Attached is a yummy AllTrumps crust.
Norma;All Trumps is my "go to" flour for New York style pizza.Tom Lehmann/The Dough Doctor
I know you love to experiment and please don't stop. I think you should stay with your 1 day ferment Lehmann recipe that seemed to work fine for you (I would suggest Alltrumps though) and perfect that for market. Tweak it here and there to know it well and how to change it for the diff seasons and temps in the weather. I think it would be a good workhorse for market and you also could make and experiment with specialty pies too to utilize your experimental urges Really looking foreward to a fieldtrip to the Market soon, we had about 9" of snow here in the hills of Pa. yesterday so maybe in 3 or 4 weeks i will pop in to try your great looking pies
Norma,All Trumps is a very good flour for your application, no question. They (interestingly) do sell an unbleached, unbromated version IIRC.What you found using the lower (comparatively) protein flour recently is why I prefer it to HG -- it makes for a more tender crumb. If you want more oven spring use it when the dough is a little tighter/earlier and/or use a slightly more active preferment.Have you, in your experiments for a market dough, used any whole wheat or potato flour in your formula? I have been playing with some "kitchen sink" doughs lately and have come away with a renewed appreciation of the unique characteristics potato flour brings to the table. Whole wheat, in small quantities, adds a nice nuttiness and durum adds a wonderful aroma and creamy tint. Been fiddling with other flours too but don't want to get too off topic.
Norma,When I mentioned using the dough when it is tighter and/or using a larger preferment to get better oven spring what I mean is exactly that -- a tighter dough ball (one that is less relaxed and/or fermented) will generally give you better spring (it won't pancake out) as will having a dough with more active yeast, which a larger or more active preferment would accomplish.Where I think a little potato flour might be very valuable for a commercial pizza operator is that it helps retain moisture and maintain tenderness/keeps a pie from firming up too much post bake. It increases the window of saleability/lifespan of a pie or slice. There are some Roman style pizza places in NYC that use a little potato flour as a result of its positive characteristics.
Thanks for explaining what you meant when you mentioned using the dough when it is tighter and/or using a larger preferment to get better oven spring. I understand now. When I was using the preferment Lehmann dough for market it did have a pretty large part of the final dough for a preferment and that did work well, but I would like to try and get away from using a preferment if I can. To do another preferment with another kind of flour can be time consuming if I tried different amounts of preferment with a different flour. I am not sure what amount of preferment to try out first and then when preferments are made in larger batches they can act differently than when making a smaller batch of preferment. I think I do ball might dough balls tight, but maybe not as tight as you do.
Norma, I am really just trying to make a simple point that if you used the dough slightly earlier (after balling and proofing) the dough will be tighter and likely have better oven spring. I am not suggesting any drastic alteration. Same with the preferment. If you were to do things the same but use a slightly lower protein flour you might benefit from the preferment either being slightly larger or more active. That is all. I said before in this thread I think you could get away with a straight dough or close to a straight dough -- the results should be similar but more easily attained. I def hope you reach this goal!
Norma do you take a whole tray of dough out at a time or just individual dough balls? Do you allow them to warm up? What I am suggesting is that maybe you use them 20 minutes earlier or something like that. Just an idea -- a stab in the dark!


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Today I received an alert about a live Webcast scheduled for tomorrow, December 3rd, that relates to our ongoing exploration of the moral and ethical aspects of the current economic downturn. The John Templeton Foundation (full disclosure: a funder of Speaking of Faith programs on religion and science) is sponsoring a live conversation from London with three contributors to its latest "Big Questions" series, titled "Does the free market corrode moral character?" BBC economics editor Stephanie Flanders will moderate a discussion between economist Jagdish Bhagwati and philosophers John Gray and Bernard-Henri Lévy. Follow this link if you're interested in listening to the Webcast or hearing the perspectives of other contributors to the series.
Share Your Reflection

Can't corrode what doesn't exist...

Permalink Submitted by Warren Gunther on Sat, 2008-12-06 02:32
Can't corrode what doesn't exist...

It does not corrode the moral character; to the contrary,
Permalink Submitted by Ogethics on Tue, 2008-12-09 13:19
It does not corrode the moral character; to the contrary, stimulates, evokes, provokes ethics.

In other words, the free market does not corrode moral
Permalink Submitted by Ogethics on Tue, 2008-12-09 16:25
In other words, the free market does not corrode moral character, but corroborate it.

I answered the question without reading other people's
Permalink Submitted by Ogethics on Wed, 2008-12-10 17:50
I answered the question without reading other people's comments first. After I red the comments in London, let me give an explanation of my first impression about the question: DOES THE FREE MARKET CORRODE MORAL CHARACTER?
The correlation between free market and moral character makes too much ado about nothing. Statistically, we may find an evident relationship according to the degree of freedom of people' choices. But everyone knows about the uncertain human being. Subjective probability then through individual judgment or opinion will be based on a combination of an individual's past experience, personal point of view, and analysis of a particular situation. How good is your evidence? What other knowledge do you have, another kind of additional information? All are assumptions. It needs numbers. There is no consistency in the answers. We can not conclude, judge; and to lead us to think that the free market corrodes moral character, there is not validity in the question because ethics is not to be measured by inches or numbers or personal opinions.
We are in the middle of a collision science.
To appreciate the humanness of the market, expectancy theory is useful because we know we can have many reactions about the subject. What is our real motivation to participate in a free market? Utility, free will, efforts will result in successful rewards and outcomes however how individual behavior is energized, directed, motivated, and stopped. Prediction with the theory creates awareness that influences the process in a manner that facilitates the attachment of positive outcomes. Evaluation for rewards makes value about what we get.
Outdated attitudes are the crux of the discussion. We are easily diluted thinking whether on not free market corrode moral character. The free market is simply an element or part of a larger system, the environment. The key to a free market's success is the institution or availability of the ethical value of our human resources and talents. The role of spirituality is tacit in the free market. It has nothing to say with the free market. It has to be spoken with each one of us, how we see ourselves, how we see the world, and what sprees around our heads, as we people are all talking today. All responses are an adaptive response related with our lifestyle. It could be excruciating if we all agree the free market corrodes moral character. The never-ending struggle of some people - who believe in other world that does not exist today - is expecting a different outcome that the traditional development of personal, social, and spiritual structures.
There is nothing that can corrode moral character in me but myself.
It takes a great deal of inner security and courage to be able to risk one's self in understanding others. Blaming the survival system sub-optimize our dignity. It is going to break the natural law in a destructive testing.

I actually worked in a large NYC real estate consulting
Permalink Submitted by Karen Vaughan on Wed, 2009-03-11 01:43
I actually worked in a large NYC real estate consulting firm where people believed that the invisible hand of the market would only reward virtue. I remember hearing my CEO say, "I didn't think that kind of activity was respectable but _____ is making money at it, so it must be okay." There was no sense that morality ought to restrain actions, only that bad conduct would be penalized by the market.

I do not feel that Free Markets corrode moral character.
Permalink Submitted by David on Thu, 2009-03-12 08:37
I do not feel that Free Markets corrode moral character. I do think that Free Markets reflect the moral character of a culture. Money is a limited resourse so what we spend our money on is a reflection of what we value.

I'd like to think that a better reflection of our values
Permalink Submitted by Miles on Mon, 2009-04-27 10:00
I'd like to think that a better reflection of our values is how we spend our time, rather than what I spend my money on.


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In 2009, MPs on the culture, media and sport select committee recommended that "the government should exempt venues with a capacity of 200 persons or fewer from the need to obtain a licence for the performance of live music" and called for the reintroduction of the old "two-in-a-bar" exemption.
However, the ministerial proposals are understood to go further than that. Large venues with a capacity of more than 5,000 would continue to be subject to premises licensing as before, but small venues would save on average £1,600 a year and be freed of the requirement to register with the council.


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Looks awesome! What size pizza was that? I can't tell from the dough weight.
I've been too busy with other styles to pay much attention to this style of pizza, but that photo definitely has my attention. What is your procedure for mixing/kneading/proofing, etc. Thanks.
It took a title like that to get me to look at a Chicago thread. I'm glad I did. Beautiful.
Thank you to both Johns for those kind words. FYI: Lou Malnatis Pizzeria has been voted best deep dish pizza in Chicago for many years in a row. Nate
Nate - Have you ever been to Malnatis? It sounds like you have. Can you describe what the difference is, if any, from this formulation and their pizza regarding taste/texture of the crust? I did a similar formula in my BTB thread, and wanted to know if it was close in taste to a real deep dish from Chicago.John
In my eyes it's the closest I've ever came to recreating the real thing and I've made a 100 or so.
Nate,Do you have any idea as to what kind and brand of mozzarella cheese Malnati's uses for its deep-dish pizzas, and an estimate of the amount of cheese that would be used in a 9" cheese pizza?Peter
1/2lb for a 9in.
Nate,Is that the actual amount or is that what you have been using?Peter
Thanks John. Not sure why they continue to use bleached flour giving their crust a very light look.Nate
Here are some pics of their pies.


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The GFEI is a collaboration between UNEP, the International Energy Agency, University of California at Davis, (Institute of Transportation Studies), the International Council on Clean Transportation, the International Transport Forum and the FIA Foundation. This initiative promotes the introduction of cleaner, more energy efficient vehicles in developing and transitional countries. While most developed countries have auto fuel efficiency policies in place, very few emerging economies have formally adopted such standards. The objective of the GFEI is to help stabilize greenhouse gas emissions from the global light duty vehicle fleet through a 50 percent improvement of vehicle fuel efficiency worldwide by 2050.
There can be no doubt about the scale of the global challenge of tackling man-made climate change and, in particular, the role played by transport. With a global car fleet predicted to triple by 2050 - over 80% of that in the developing world -- and now, with a global economy facing huge difficulties, we have to find a way to reconcile legitimate aspirations for mobility, an ambitious reduction in CO2 from cars worldwide, and global economic recovery.
The FIA Foundation, IEA, ITF and UNEP have been working in partnership as the Global Fuel Economy Initiative since 2009. The ICCT became a full partner in the Initiative in May 2012.
The GFEI supports a number of countries in their attempts to develop fuel economy policies through the GFEI toolkit, which gathers best practice in fuel economy in an accessible form.
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EPA's Shawn Garvin and DSU President Harry L. Williams shake hands after signing a MOU that will result in internship and professional development opportunities for the University.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced today a new partnership with Delaware State University that will strengthen the environmental sciences curriculum and professional development at the university, and support sustainable environmental initiatives campus-wide and in the local community.
At a Nov. 29 ceremony at the University, DSU President Dr. Harry L. Williams and Mid-Atlantic EPA Regional Administrator Shawn M. Garvin signed a memorandum of understanding formalizing the new partnership. The MOU establishes an EPA-founded program called LEAP -- Linking Environmental and Academic Programs -- at the university.
Brittany Smith, a DSU graduate and current EPA intern, spoke of her positive experience with the agency.
"Environmental stewardship has become a solid part of the University's character. It is part of our thinking and planning in everything we do," said DSU President Harry L. Williams. "This partnership is consistent with that institutional character, as it will expose our students to EPA internships, provide opportunities for faculty, and strengthen DSU's environmental work on campus as well as its outreach in the community and the state.
"EPA recognizes the importance of partnering with academic institutions to build capacity and provide a forum for discussing emerging environmental issues with future leaders," said Mr. Garvin. "This partnership will link education, outreach and hands-on work experience to strengthen interest in environmental careers and encourage environmentalism."
Specifically the partnership will:
- Support and promote student recruitment, internships, career development and employment in agricultural and environmental sciences, as well as related fields;
- Enhance faculty professional development in agricultural and environmental sciences, as well as related fields;
- Support the enhancement of DSU's environmental sciences curriculum;
- Enhance the involvement in sustainable environmental initiatives within the DSU campus community and surrounding off-campus communities;
- Support capacity building efforts directed to increase DSU's participation in federal programs at the EPA;
- And coordinate summer environmental programs for local high school students and DSU students
Dr. Rich Barczewski, chair of the DSU Dept. of Ag & Related Sciences, talked about the value of hands-on internship opportunities with the EPA.