text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 18, 1997
|Filing date
|Aug 11, 1995
|Priority date
|Apr 10, 1992
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|George P. Lambropoulos
|Original Assignee
|Trw Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (17), Referenced by (9), Classifications (19), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a divisional of application Ser. No. 07/866,906 filed on Apr. 10, 1992, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,442,341.
The present invention relates to the art of remote control of security systems and, more particularly, to controlling the locking and unlocking functions of a lock, such as on a motor vehicle's door or trunk lid or the like.
Remote control security systems are known in the art for controlling the locking and unlocking functions of a lock mounted on a motor vehicle and such systems typically comprise a receiver mounted on the vehicle proximate to the lock to be controlled and a portable handheld transmitter located remote from the receiver. A system such as that described above is disclosed in my U.S. Pat. No. 4,881,148, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. That patent discloses a system wherein a receiver has a memory which stores one or more security codes, each of which identifies a transmitter from which the receiver will validly receive a transmitted signal. Each transmitter is provided with a plurality of actuatable switches, each representative of a control function to be performed by the lock, such as an unlock function, or a lock function, or an unlock a truck lid function. Also, each transmitter includes circuitry that responds to the actuation of one of the switches to transmit a digital signal which includes a security code which uniquely identifies the transmitter from that of a plurality of similar transmitters, along with a function code representative of the particular control function to be performed by the lock. When a receiver receives such a digital signal it compares the received security code with each stored security code to determine if a match exists indicative that the receiver may validly receive the digital signal and respond thereto. If a match takes place, then the receiver responds to the function code for performing the control function requested, such as lock or unlock a vehicle door.
A concern with respect to such a system is that a would-be thief desiring entry into a locked vehicle may record the transmitted digital signal with appropriate radio frequency receiving equipment. Such recorded information may then be employed by such a thief for purposes of gaining access into such a locked vehicle.
In an effort to thwart the activities of a thief, systems have been devised which change the security code of the transmitter each time such a digital signal is transmitted and a corresponding change is made to the security code stored at the receiver. Thus, both the transmitter and the receiver may be provided with code generators which generate a succession of differently coded signals such that the security code is updated in the same manner at both the transmitter and the receiver after each operation. A system of this type is disclosed in the Bongard et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,596,985.
The prior art noted above requires that the security code, sometimes referred to as access code or identity code, be changed after each operation. This may present a difficulty in that by making changes to the security code, then the security code transmitted by a transmitter may inadvertently be changed to a code that permits unwanted access to a receiver having the same security code.
The prior art noted above does not provide that the security code remain fixed and that the transmitted digital signal include an additional code which changes after each transmission such that the change is dependent upon information contained in the security code. Moreover, there is no teaching in the prior art that the additional code, sometimes referred to herein as a sequence control code, be received at the receiver for comparison with a similar sequence control code and which, after each operation, is updated by changing its digital value dependent upon information contained in the security code stored at the receiver.
In addition to the foregoing, the prior art noted above does not provide a teaching wherein the transmitted codes are scrambled or that the order of transmission of the codes be varied.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, apparatus and method are provided whereby a transmitter remotely controls the locking and unlocking functions of a lock mounted on a vehicle or the like wherein the transmitter includes a plurality of selectively actuatable switches each representative of a function to be performed by the lock, such as lock or unlock a vehicle door or unlock a trunk lid. In response to actuation of one of the switches, a digital signal is transmitted by the transmitter with the digital signal including a first portion having a multi-bit security code uniquely identifying the transmitter from that of similar transmitters, a multi-bit sequence control code that is sequentially changed in response to each actuation of one of the switches and a multi-bit function code identifying one of a plurality of the control functions to be performed by the lock. The transmitter responds to each actuation of one of the switches for sequentially changing the digital value of the sequence control code with each change being dependent upon information contained in the security code that identifies the transmitter.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a receiver is provided for use in receiving a digital signal as described above and wherein the receiver includes a memory that stores a multi-bit receiver security code which identifies a specific transmitter from which the receiver may validly receive a transmitted digital signal together with circuitry for comparing the received security code with the stored security code to determine if the codes match. A multi-bit sequence control code is also stored in memory in the receiver and circuitry is provided which responds to each occurrence of a match between the security codes for reading the stored sequence control code and changing its digital value to define an updated sequence control code having a digital value dependent upon information contained in the stored receiver security code. The updated sequence control code and the stored sequence control word are compared to determine whether a match exists and, if so, the lock is controlled to perform the function defined by the received function control code.
Still further in accordance with the present invention, a remote control security system is provided including a receiver as described hereinabove along with at least one transmitter as described hereinabove.
Still further in accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the transmitted digital signal includes a second portion having a multi-bit second code and wherein the codes in the first portion of the transmitted digital signal are scrambled in accordance with one of a plurality of scrambling algorithms and wherein the second code in the second portion of the transmitted digital signal includes information as to which one of the plurality of scrambling algorithms is employed.
Still further in accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the receiver de-scrambles the codes in the first portion of the received digital signal in dependence upon information contained in the received second code.
Still further in accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the codes in the first portion of the transmitted digital signal are arranged in order for transmission in accordance with one of a plurality of transmission order algorithms and that the second code includes information as to which one of the transmission order algorithms was employed for arranging the order of the codes.
Still further in accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the receiver rearranges the order of the codes in the first portion of the received digital signal based upon information contained in the received second code.
The foregoing and other objects of the invention will become more readily apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiment of the invention as taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which are a part hereof and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram including FIGS. 1A and 1B respectively illustrating a transmitting unit and a receiving unit of a remote control security system employing the present invention;
FIG. 1C is a perspective pictorial view of the transmitting unit in the form of a keyholder;
FIG. 2 is an illustration of voltage with respect to time illustrating the waveform of a transmitted digital signal provided by the transmitting unit herein and which illustration is useful in describing the invention herein;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating the operation of the programmed microcomputer employed in the transmitter of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 4 is the flow diagram including FIGS. 4A and 4B together illustrating the programmed operation of the microcomputer employed in the receiver of FIG. 1.
Reference is now made to the drawings wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention only, and not for the purpose of limiting same. FIG. 1 shows a remote control A for selectively operating a door lock mechanism B, door unlock mechanism C or trunk solenoid D to release the trunk of a motor vehicle. System A includes a transmitting unit T for creating a coded digital signal S to be transmitted to receiver unit R, whereby the doors of the vehicle can be locked or unlocked or the trunk can be released at will from a distance of at least 20-50 feet. Transmitting unit T includes a microcomputer having appropriate internal PROMs, EEPROMs and RAMs programmed to perform the functions of the system, as hereinafter described, and having sufficient I/O terminals controlled by selector means or switches 12, 14, and 16. In accordance with the illustrated embodiment, switch 12 is depressed when system A is to lock the doors of the vehicle by operating door lock mechanism B. In a like manner, switch 14 is manually operated to unlock the vehicle doors by actuating door unlock mechanism C. The trunk solenoid D or mechanism for unlatching the vehicle trunk lock is actuated by depressing manual switch 16. Upon depressing one of these switches 12-16, a power up circuit 20 is actuated to direct power to the microcomputer 10 and actuate oscillators 30 and 32. In the preferred embodiment switches 12, 14, and 16 power system A and cause a single transmission of a coded signal. Thereafter, circuit 20 is deactivated to await a new requested function.
Oscillator 30 has a nominal frequency of 315 MHz, in the preferred embodiment, which frequency is essentially the same frequency employed for common garage door operators. Whereas the invention is described herein with reference to an RF system, it may also be practiced with an IR system. Clock oscillator 32 is unregulated in that it does not have a crystal control and may vary as to its frequency with temperature changes and manufacturing tolerances. The output of oscillator 32 is used to time the function of microcomputer 10 to shift output line 38 to a logic 1 whenever a binary 1 is to be transmitted by antenna 36. Microcomputer output line 38 is one input of AND gate 39 having a second input controlled by the output of oscillator 30. The signal in output line 37 of gate 39 is a series of binary conditions (logic 0 and logic 1) superimposed on a 315 MHz carrier. Consequently, transmitted signal S, when microcomputer 10 is powered by circuit 20, will be a series of pulses having a length or duration controlled by the logic in line 38. Lines P are power lines actuated upon command of circuit 20.
As will be described later, the code in signal S is binary, with a binary 1 and a binary 0 being distinguished from each other by having a difference in length or duration. This pulse length is controlled by the frequency of oscillator 32 which is not a high priced oscillator with quartz control; therefore, the relationship between a binary 0 and a binary 1 for the identification code in transmitted signal S is the relative pulse lengths of a logic 1 and a logic 0. These lengths vary according to the particular frequency of oscillator 32 but maintain their numerical relationship since they are based upon counts of the clock in line 34. In this manner, oscillator 32 can be relatively inexpensive but the frequency or clock in line 34 will not be identical from one transmitter T to another transmitter. Indeed, during different operating conditions in a particular transmitting unit the clock in line 34 can drift in frequency.
By employing the power up concept, power at lines P is not applied to the oscillators and the microprocessor until there is a selection by depressing one of the switches 12-16. When this occurs, power up circuit 20, which includes a battery (normal 5.0 volts), directs power to the microcomputer for a time which is controlled by the microcomputer. The length of the time the microcomputer maintains power is sufficient to transmit one control signal. This signal includes, in practice, a wake up signal, at least one initiation bit, thirty-two bits of security code, twenty-four bits of sequence control code, eight bits of checksum code and eight bits of function code to indicate which switch 12-16 has been closed.
As illustrated in FIG. 1C, transmitting unit T is a handheld key ring having an appropriate array of finger tip switches 12-16, in a case 50 which can include a key ring 52 on a swivel connection 54. Transmitter case 50 is a small hollow housing containing the transmitter circuitry and a power source, such as a battery. The case is adapted for easy transportation in a person's pocket. The handheld case 50 is retained by the operator of the vehicle so that as the operator approaches the vehicle, signal S can be transmitted to receiver R by merely depressing one of the finger operated switches 12-16 mounted in the case 50 and manually operable from outside of the case.
The microcomputer 10 of the transmitter is provided with internal memories including PROMs, EEPROMs and RAMs. As is well known, such memories include registers for storing multi-bit codes. Whereas these registers are internal of the microcomputer 10, four of these registers are illustrated in FIG. 1 to assist in the explanation of the invention. These registers include a security code register 40, a sequence control code register 42, a function code control register 44 and a checksum code register 46. Registers 40 and 42 are in the EEPROM memory whereas registers 44 and 46 are in RAM. The security code register 40 contains a fixed code which uniquely identifies the transmitter T from that of other similar transmitters. The register contains a security code which is fixed in the transmitter by the manufacturer and may be implemented in a manner described hereinbefore with my previous U.S. Pat. No. 4,881,148. The security code preferably takes the form of four eight bit bytes.
Another register 42 is referred to herein as the sequence control code register and it stores a sequence control code which is preferably twenty-four bits long divided into three eight bit bytes. As will be brought hereinafter, the digital value of the sequence control code is changed each time one of the switches 12, 14 or 16 is actuated and, hence, this is a sequentially changing code. This code is changed in accordance with one of a plurality of sequence control algorithms stored in a look-up table in the transmitter microcomputer 10. Also, as will be brought out in greater detail hereinafter, the determination as to which one of the plurality of sequence control algorithms to be employed is determined by examining information contained in the security code stored in register 40.
A function code register 44 serves to temporarily store the function code to be transmitted as part of a transmitted digital signal S. This preferably takes the form of an eight bit coded byte with the bits being arranged in response to actuation of one of the switches 12, 14, 16 so that the function represented thereby is to either lock the vehicle door, unlock the vehicle door or unlock the trunk lid by actuating the trunk solenoid.
Another register in the microcomputer 10 is a checksum code register 46. This register contains an error detecting code known as a checksum code. This code is placed into the register by the microcomputer under program control in a known manner. For example, the data to be transmitted is examined and an eight bit checksum code is placed into the register for use in verifying the accuracy of the transmitted signal.
The transmitted digital signal S is illustrated in FIG. 2 and it includes a wake up portion 11 and which may comprise a single bit, but which is of an elongated duration such as on the order of twelve milliseconds and this is followed by a start or initiation portion 13 and which may comprise four bits. The checksum code 15 includes 8 bits and the security code 17 contains 32 bits. The sequence control code 19 contains 24 bits and the function code 21 contains eight bits. As will be brought out in greater detail hereinafter, the digital signal is transmitted in the order of the wake up code 11, followed by the initiation code 13. This is followed by an eight bit checksum code, four eight bit bytes of security code, three eight bit bytes of sequence code and an eight bit function code. The checksum code in this embodiment of the invention will always be in the same place. For example, this code may be the first byte of the nine bytes which follow the transmission of the initiation bits. The remaining eight bytes may be varied in sequence and/or scrambled as will be discussed hereinafter. Moreover, the digital value of the sequence control code is changed with each transmission of a digital signal.
The receiver R includes an RF detector 60 tuned to the transmitted frequency of 315 MHz so that, as the digital signal S is received at the receiver's antenna 61, the detector recognizes the frequency of the signal and allows the first portion including the wake up portion 11 to pass to a wake up signal detector 62. The detector 62 checks to see if the wake up condition is proper and, if so, it activates the wake up circuit 64. Circuit 64 acts as a power up circuit for supplying operating voltage, such as 5 volts, to the receiver's microcomputer 80. The operating voltage is monitored by a low voltage detector 68 to permit operation of the circuitry so long as the voltage does not drop below a selected level.
The data in the received digital signal S is supplied to the microcomputer 80 and is clocked in by clock pulses obtained from a clock oscillator 82. The microcomputer 80, as in the case of the microcomputer 10, includes a plurality of internal memories including PROMs, RAMs and EEPROMs. The internal memories are programmed to perform the functions to be described in greater detail hereinafter.
Some of the internal memories of the microcomputer 80 are illustrated in FIG. 1 to assist in the description of the invention herein. These include registers 100, 102, 104 and 106 which are all in the non-volatile memory (EEPROM). Register 100 stores a security code A that uniquely identifies a transmitter from which the receiver may validly receive a digital signal. The code set into register 100 may be placed in the memory at the factory or may be programmed in the field in the manner as described in my previous U.S. Pat. No. 4,881,148. The security code is generated by means of an algorithm which has the capability of generating numbers in a random, but not repeatable, fashion. This code is thirty-two bits in length and is divided into four eight bit data bytes. As it may be desirable for the receiver to validly receive digital signals from more than one transmitter, a second security code register 104 is provided, identical to that of register 100, but which includes a security code B which is uniquely different from that of security code A in register 100.
In addition to register 100, the receiver includes a companion register 102 which has been programmed to contain a multi-bit sequence control code. As discussed herein with respect to the transmitter, this code is a twenty-four bit code divided into three eight bit bytes. This code is varied by a predetermined amount, known only to the manufacturer, each time the receiver has determined that it has received a valid digital signal, as will be described in detail hereinafter. Since it may be desirable to validly receive a digital signal from a second transmitter, a second sequence control code is stored in a second register 106 and in a like manner this sequence control code is changed each time the receiver has determined that it has validly received a digital signal from the second transmitter (or B transmitter)
Also, to assist in describing the invention herein, there is shown in FIG. 1 a pair of registers located in internal memory of the microprocessor 80 and these include a function code register 108 and a checksum code register 110. These are temporary memories and respectively serve to receive and store the function code and checksum code portions of the digital signal S received from the transmitter T.
As will be described hereinbelow, if the receiver validly receives a digital signal from a transmitter, it will then decode the function code in register 108 and perform one of the door lock control functions such as locking a vehicle door or unlocking a vehicle door or actuating a trunk solenoid by way of suitable load drivers 120 controlled by the microcomputer 80.
Reference is now made to FIG. 3 which illustrates the flow chart showing the manner in which the microcomputer in the transmitter is programmed in accordance with the present invention. Initially, the transmitter is at rest in a standby condition sometimes known as a power-down condition, and this is indicated as step 200 in FIG. 3. The microcomputer is now awaiting closure of one of the switches 12, 14 or 16.
In step 202, the microcomputer responds to the closure of one of the switches 12, 14 or 16 and initially actuates the power up circuit 20 in accordance with step 204 for purposes of applying power on lines P to the various circuits within the transmitter.
In step 206, the microcomputer is programmed to read the actuated switch to determine which switch 12, 14 or 16 was actuated and then store the function code associated with that switch in the function code register 44 in accordance with step 208. The function code stored in the register 44 now represents the specific request, such as lock the vehicle door or unlock the vehicle door or unlock the trunk lid.
In step 210, the microcomputer reads the present or old sequence control code from the register 42 in order to update the sequence control code in accordance with step 212. The computer performs a read function at step 214 wherein the security code register is read to obtain the security code for this transmitter. Having obtained the security code from register 40, the computer now reads from a look-up table A, pursuant to step 216, to determine which one of a plurality of sequence control variation algorithms is to be employed in determining the new sequence control code in accordance with step 218. Once the correct algorithm has been obtained from Table A in accordance with step 216, the next or new sequence control code is determined to obtain an updated sequence control code in accordance with step 212. This new sequence control code is then stored in the sequence control register 42 pursuant to step 220.
Reference is now made to Table A produced below.
TABLE A______________________________________SEQUENCE CONTROL CODE METHOD OF VARIATIONSecurity Code: Axxxxxxx Bxxxxxxx Cxxxxxxx DxxxxxxxABCD______________________________________0000 Increment by 10001 30010 50011 70100 90101 110110 130111 151000 Decrement by 11001 31010 51011 71100 91101 111110 131111 15______________________________________
As shown in Table A, the security code SC is comprised of four eight bit bytes. The most significant bits of these bytes may respectively be referred to as bits A, B, C and D and which are arranged in the lefthand column under the title ABCD. Sixteen variations of the digital value of this four bit number are represented in Table A, each providing a different algorithm for changing the present sequence control code to the next digital value of the sequence control code. For example, if the bits ABCD have a digital value of 0010, then the new sequence control code is determined by taking the old or present sequence control code and incrementing it by five. Similarly, if the digital value of the word ABCD in Table A is 0101, then the sequence control code is incremented by eleven to obtain the new digital value of the sequence control code. It is noted that the last eight algorithms in this Table provide for a decrement in the value of the sequence control code.
Continuing now with the programmed operation of the microcomputer, it is seen that in step 224, the transmitter microcomputer calculates the checksum code by examining the bits in the security code, the sequence control code and the function code. A binary addition is performed on these eight bytes in order to calculate the checksum code. In accordance with step 226, the calculated checksum code is then stored in the transmitter checksum code register 46 prior to assembling the various bytes for transmission in the digital signal S.
Before the bytes of the digital signal S are transmitted by the transmitter T, the bits in each of the bytes forming the security code SC, the sequence control code SSC and the function code are scrambled in accordance with one of a plurality of scrambling algorithms as set forth in Table B below.
TABLE B______________________________________KEY TO SCRAMBLING METHODCHECKSUMCODE SCRAMBLING METHOD______________________________________0000 xxxx 1. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Left 1 & Invert0001 xxxx 2. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Left 10010 xxxx 3. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Left 2 & Invert0011 xxxx 4. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Left 20100 xxxx 5. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Left 3 & Invert0101 xxxx 6. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Left 30110 xxxx 7. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Left 4 & Invert0111 xxxx 8. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Left 41000 xxxx 9. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Right 1 & Invert1001 xxxx 10. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Right 11010 xxxx 11. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Right 2 & Invert1011 xxxx 12. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Right 21100 xxxx 13. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Right 3 & Invert1101 xxxx 14. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Right 31110 xxxx 15. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Right 4 & Invert1111 xxxx 16. XOR with SCC-1 - Shift Right 4______________________________________
With reference to Table B, it is seen that the scrambling algorithm employed is determined by examining the four most significant bits of the checksum code. The term SCC-1 refers to the first byte of the sequence control code SCC. In this Table, it is seen that it is possible to have as many as sixteen different methods of scrambling which adds to the degree of difficulty in attempting to analyze a captured signal as by a thief or the like. Thus, for the moment, assume a checksum code of 00110000. An examination of the four most significant bits indicates that the scrambling algorithm employed is algorithm No. 4 which directs that each byte of the data to be transmitted (with the exception of the checksum code) be combined in an exclusive OR manner with the first byte SCC-1 of the sequence control code. That combination is then shifted left by two places without an inversion taking place. Similar calculations are shown for other combinations in Table B. The algorithms, as set forth in Table B, are stored in the transmitter's microcomputer memory, such as in ROM in a manner well known in the art.
In step 228 the programmed microcomputer selects the scrambling method to be employed by using the four most significant bits of the checksum code (represented at 230) to address Table B, represented at 232, in order to fetch one of the sixteen scrambling algorithms to be used. The bits within the data bytes, with the exception of the checksum code, are then scrambled in accordance with the selected scrambling algorithm in step 234 with the scrambled data then being stored in accordance with step in registers 40, 42 and 44.
The eight data bytes to be transmitted include four bytes of security code, three bytes of sequence control code and one byte of function code. In addition to scrambling these bytes as discussed above with respect to steps 228, 230, 232 and 234, the scrambled bytes may be transmitted in an order other than that as depicted in FIG. 2. The checksum byte is always in the same position. In the example given herein, the checksum byte is in the byte 1 position of the nine bytes following the wake up and initiation bits. The remaining eight data bytes are transmitted in one of sixteen different transmission orders as set forth in Table C below.
TABLE C______________________________________CHECKSUM CODE KEY TO OUTPUT ORDER______________________________________xxxx 0000 Output order 1xxxx 0001 2xxxx 0010 3xxxx 0011 4xxxx 0100 5xxxx 0101 6xxxx 0110 7xxxx 0111 8xxxx 1000 9xxxx 1001 10xxxx 1010 11xxxx 1011 12xxxx 1100 13xxxx 1101 14xxxx 1110 15xxxx 1111 16______________________________________
As is seen from examining Table C, the selection of one of the sixteen output orders is controlled by the four least significant bits of the checksum code. Thus, if the four least significant bits of the checksum code are 0111, then the order of transmitting the data bytes will be output order No. 8 out of the potential output orders one through sixteen. The exact order of transmitting the data is not presented herein as various combinations may used for any one of the possible sixteen orders. For example, output order No. 4 may take the following sequence: SCC1, SC1, SC2, SC3, SC4, function code, SCC2 and SCC3 (it being understood that SC1 stands for security code byte one, etc., whereas SCC1 stands for sequence control code byte 1, etc.). Similarly, output order No. 6 (0101) may require that the order be as follows: SC1, SCC1, function code, SC3, SCC2, SC2, SCC3 and SC4. Similarly, output order No. 8 (checksum code xxxx0111) may require the following transmission order: function code, SC3, SCC2, SC1, SCC3, SC4, SCC1 and SC2. Table C is contained in a look-up memory in the transmitter's microcomputer in a known manner.
In step 238, the transmitter's microcomputer selects the order in which to output the data bytes described hereinabove. To do so, the microcomputer examines the four least significant bits for the checksum codes stored in register 46, and uses those bits to access Table C containing the order information. The data to be transmitted is then re-ordered according to the order information read from look-up Table C. Data is then transmitted in the new order. The transmission is performed in step 244, wherein the wake up and initiation bits are initially transmitted, followed by the checksum byte and the eight data bytes (organized in the new order) representing the security code, the sequence control code and the function code. The transmitter is then powered down to await a switch closure commanding another transmission of a digital signal.
Reference is now made to FIG. 4 which presents a flow chart showing the manner in which the microcomputer in the receiver R is programmed to accomplish various functions to be described herein. Initially, in accordance with step 300 the receiver is in a power-down standby condition awaiting reception of a digital signal S from a transmitter, such as transmitter T. When such a signal is received, the wake-up bit will activate the wake up signal detector 62 and, as represented in step 302, will cause the wake-up circuit 64 to power up and provide power to the microcomputer 80 within the receiver. In step 304, following the microcomputer's usual initiation steps, the microcomputer responds to the start or initiation portion of the digital signal to read the incoming digital signal and store same in the temporary registers in the microcomputer. As stated above, the incoming digital signal is scrambled and the data bytes are out of order with the exception of the checksum code. This code is always in the same place. In the example being described it is in byte position one of the nine bytes that follow the initiation and wake up bits. The checksum code byte is stored in the checksum code register 110 at the receiver R.
In accordance with step 306, the four least significant bits of the checksum code stored in the receiver register 110 are examined to determine which of a plurality of sixteen transmission orders was employed in transmitting the eight data bytes to the receiver. In step 310 the four least significant bits of the checksum code are used to access a look-up table (indicated at step 308) in the receiver's microcomputer memory. This table is the same Table C discussed hereinbefore. Thus, for example, if the four least significant bits of the checksum code are 0101, order No. 6 will be retrieved from Table C. That order may have the data bytes arranged as follows: SC1, SCC1, function code, SC3, SCC2, SC2, SCC3 and SC4. Employing this information from the look-up table in step 310, the data bytes are now placed in the correct order and stored in appropriate temporary memory registers in the receiver's microcomputer.
In step 312, the receiver's microcomputer examines the four most significant bits of the checksum code stored in the microcomputer's register 110. From the previous discussion of Table B it will be recalled that the four most significant bits of the checksum code determine which one of sixteen scrambling algorithms was employed at the transmitter to scramble the eight data bytes. Similarly, the four most significant bits of the checksum code received and stored in the checksum code register 110 at the receiver R are used to choose a complementary descrambling method for restoring the data bytes to their original form. Consequently, the inverse of Table B is stored in a look-up table B' in the receiver's microcomputer, such as in ROM.
This Table B' is like Table B, except that the stored instructions accomplish the de-scrambling of the bytes scrambled according to Table B. The microcomputer examines the four most significant bits of the checksum code in step 312 and then obtains from Table B', in accordance with step 314, the correct de-scrambling method for purposes of performing a reverse scrambling operation in accordance with step 316.
Reference is now made to Table B' produced below.
TABLE B'______________________________________Key to De-scrambling MethodChecksumCode De-scrambling Method______________________________________0000XXXX 1. Invert - Shift Right 1 - XOR with SCC-10001XXXX 2. Shift Right 1 - XOR with SCC-10010XXXX 3. Invert - Shift Right 2 - XOR with SCC-10011XXXX 4. Shift Right 2 - XOR with SCC-10100XXXX 5. Invert - Shift Right 3 - XOR with SCC-10101XXXX 6. Shift Right 3 - XOR with SCC-10110XXXX 7. Invert - Shift Right 4 - XOR with SCC-10111XXXX 8. Shift Right 4 - XOR with SCC-11000XXXX 9. Invert - Shift Left 1 - XOR with SCC-11001XXXX 10. Shift Left 1 - XOR with SCC-11010XXXX 11. Invert - Shift Left 2 - XOR with SCC-11011XXXX 12. Shift Left 2 - XOR with SCC-11100XXXX 13. Invert - Shift Left 3 - XOR with SCC-11101XXXX 14. Shift Left 3 - XOR with SCC-11110XXXX 15. Invert - Shift Left 4 - XOR with SCC-11111XXXX 16. Shift Left 4 - XOR with SCC-1______________________________________
For example, if the checksum code for the four most significant bits is 0111, then it is known that the data that has been received was scrambled at the transmitter by performing an exclusive OR for each byte in the digital code with the first byte SCC-1 in the sequence control code which is then shifted left by four places with no inversion. Performing the opposite or reverse operation, each bit will be shifted right four places and then each byte will be exclusively ORed with byte SCC-1 (except SCC-1 and then placed in the temporary register at the receiver's microcomputer pursuant to step 318.
In step 320, the checksum of the true data is calculated. In step 322, the resulting checksum is compared with the received checksum code being retained in register 100. If the calculated and received checksum codes match, then the program proceeds to step 324 discussed below. If a match is not obtained then this indicates that an invalid digital signal was received and a determination is made as to whether or not the power down conditions have been satisfied in step 326. If the microcomputer is finished looking for a digital signal (e.g., if more than a specified minimum "awake" interval has elapsed since power-up), then the conditions are satisfied to power down and the microcomputer can be placed in a standby condition to thereby return to step 300 and await sensing of a new digital signal. If the power down conditions are not satisfied, as in the case where the microcomputer is not finished looking for a digital signal (e.g., the minimum "awake" interval has not yet elapsed), then the computer will return to step 304 and then continue to read and store incoming signals and repeat steps 306 through 322.
If the calculated and received checksum codes match in step 322, then, in step 324, the security code in register 100 is read. In decision step 328 the security code in register 100 is compared with the security code of the received signal to determine whether authorized security code A (identifying a first acceptable transmitter) matches the received security code. If a match is not obtained, then authorized security code B (identifying a second acceptable transmitter) is retrieved (step 330) and compared with the received code (step 332). If a match is not found here, either, the microcomputer again jumps to step 326 to determine whether the power down conditions are satisfied.
Returning now to step 328, if the security code A in register 100 matches the received security code, then the program advances to step 334 (FIG. 4B) wherein the appropriate security code A is read from register 100 for purposes of updating the sequence control code. In step 336, the appropriate sequence control code A is read from register 102. This is the old sequence control code and the next sequence control code is calculated by incrementing (or decrementing) the old sequence control code in accordance with instructions retrieved from Table A (indicated at 338 in FIG. 4B). Table A is accessed in accordance with a four bit nibble formed by assembling together the most significant bits in each of the four bytes in the security code read from register 100 in step 334. The look-up Table A responds with the correct increment/decrement algorithm from the Table. The new sequence control code is calculated at step 340. For example, if the most significant bits of the four bytes in the security code read from register 100 combine to form the nibble 0011, then the next sequence control code is calculated by incrementing the old code by seven. Also, if the digital value of the present or old sequence control code at byte 3 (SCC-3) is 00000001 (decimal 1) then the next valid byte 3 in the series will be 00001000 (decimal 8). For a series of eight sequence control codes, the foregoing will be followed by 00001111 (decimal 15), 0010110 (decimal 22), 00011101 (decimal 29), 00100100 (decimal 36), 00101011 (decimal 43), 00110010 (decimal 50) and 00111001 (decimal 57). In this sequence there have been N sequence control codes, wherein N=8.
Having calculated the next eight sequence control codes, each calculated sequence control code, in step 342, is compared with the sequence control code embedded in the received digital signal S in order to determine whether the two match. If the received sequence control code matches any of the eight newly calculated sequence control codes, then the program operation branches to step 344, during which the sequence control code is updated to reflect the received sequence control code and written into the appropriate sequence control register 102 or 106. The matching of the sequence control codes provides the required confirmation that a valid digital signal S has been received by the receiver. In step 346, the microcomputer finally performs the requested function of either locking the vehicle door, or unlocking the vehicle door, or opening the trunk lid in dependence upon the function represented by the function code stored in register 108 at the receiver. Once the requested function has been performed, a decision is made at step 348 as to whether the power down conditions have been satisfied. If so, the microcomputer steps to a power-down standby condition awaiting reception of a new digital signal from a transmitter. On the other hand, if the power-down conditions are not satisfied, the microcomputer will jump to step 304 to thus continue to read and store incoming signals.
Step 342 may be considered as an option 1 step. In addition to step 342 an option 2 step may be employed in the event that the received sequence control code does not match with one of the N calculated sequence control codes from step 340. Whether or not an option 2 step is employed is determined and implemented when the receiver is programmed. If the option 2 step is employed then, whenever step 342 determines that no match was found between the received sequence code and any one of the N calculated sequence control codes, a decision is made to go to step 350 (option 2 step) if option 1 (step 342) was not selected to the exclusion of step 342. Otherwise, the microcomputer jumps to step 348 to determine whether the power down conditions have been satisfied, as previously discussed. If step 352 results in a negative decision, the microcomputer advances to step 350.
In step 350 (option 2 step) the microcomputer determines if the function code is "LOCK" meaning that the function requested is to lock the vehicle's doors. If so and if the received sequence control code is of a value greater than any of the N calculated new sequence control codes (from step 340), then the received signal is considered a validly received digital signal. In step 344 the sequence control code is updated with the sequence control code of the received signal. If either (a) the command was not a "LOCK" command or (b) the received sequence control code is not higher than the calculated next step, then the received signal is not considered valid and therefore the requested output function is not performed and the microcomputer commands that the system be powered down.
It is possible for the transmitter and receiver to become out of synchronism as a result of the transmitter being activated outside the range of the system, or when within range, random noise prevents correct transmission of a signal to the receiver. Whenever the operator realizes that the receiver might be out of synchronism, all the operator is required to do (when option 2 is used) is activate the LOCK switch 12 on the transmitter and the system will become re-synchronized. Thus, whenever the system is out of synchronism, the transmitted sequence control code will always be higher than the receiver's stored sequence control code and higher than any of the N calculated new sequence control codes (from step 340). In step 350, as discussed above, the received signal will be considered valid and in step 344 the sequence control code is updated with the sequence control code of the received signal. The system is now re-synchronized. Therefore, any would-be thief who has captured and recorded a previously transmitted digital signal containing a LOCK command will not be able to re-synchronize the system since his recorded sequence control code would be lower than, or at best equal to, the current sequence control code in the receiver.
The initial synchronization of the system takes place during the programming of the securing code as described in my previous U.S. Pat. No. 4,881,148. The procedure requires that a hardwired input (programming pin) in the receiver be grounded and then any of the switches 12, 14, or 16 on the transmitter be actuated. This step causes the security code and the current sequence control code of the transmitter to be received and then stored in the EEPROM memory of the receiver.
It is to be noted that the checksum code does more than provide the key to the scrambling and data arrangement order methods. This code also serves as a check on the accuracy of the transmitted message. Its use herein permits more information (scrambling and order methods) to be transmitted without adding more bits to the transmitted signal.
It is to be further noted that it is quite likely that different scrambling methods will be employed in consecutive transmissions of digital signals using the same transmitter. This adds to the degree of difficulty in trying to analyze a captured digital signal.
From the above description of the invention, those skilled in the art will perceive improvements, changes and modifications. Such improvements, changes and modifications within the skill of the art are intended to be covered by the appended claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Nov 28, 1983
|Jun 24, 1986
|Kiekert Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft
|Radio-controlled lock method with automatic code change
|Apr 27, 1984
|Dec 16, 1986
|Sony Corporation
|Encoding method for error correction
|Apr 23, 1987
|May 10, 1988
|Talleres De Escoriaza, S.A.
|Programmable electronic lock
|Sep 28, 1987
|Jul 11, 1989
|Wilhelm Ruf Kg
|Electronic remote control means, especially for centrally controlled locking systems in motor vehicles
|Mar 21, 1986
|Sep 5, 1989
|Computerized Data Ssytems For Mfg., Inc.
|Software usage authorization system with key for decrypting/re-encrypting/re-transmitting moving target security codes from protected software
|Oct 19, 1988
|Nov 14, 1989
|Wickes Manufacturing Company
|Remote control system for door locks
|Aug 15, 1989
|Oct 8, 1991
|Nissan Motor Company, Limited
|Operator responsive keyless entry system with variable random codes
|Sep 30, 1988
|Apr 21, 1992
|Rene Soum
|Wireless remote control high security system permitting the opening or theft-proof closing of relays actuating systems such as locks
|Jan 10, 1991
|Sep 8, 1992
|Motorola, Inc.
|Remote key manipulations for over-the-air re-keying
|Dec 2, 1991
|Oct 27, 1992
|Daimler-Benz Ag
|Method for safeguarding code words of a remote control system
|Jun 29, 1990
|Jan 26, 1993
|Digital Equipment Corporation
|Method and apparatus for transferring data between a data bus and a data storage device
|Apr 3, 1991
|Jun 22, 1993
|Motorola, Inc.
|Dynamic encryption key selection for encrypted radio transmissions
|Nov 21, 1991
|Sep 28, 1993
|Motorola, Inc.
|Authentication system
|Nov 26, 1991
|Oct 12, 1993
|Communication Electronics
|System for resisting interception of information
|Sep 6, 1984
|Mar 13, 1986
|Hansa Metallwerke Ag
|Thermostatically controlled concealed fitting
|Apr 4, 1991
|Oct 9, 1991
|Alain Bernard
|Telephonic electronic device
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 15, 1997
|Jun 22, 1999
|Issa; Darrell E.
|Advanced embedded code hopping system having master fixed code encryption
|Aug 15, 1997
|Aug 1, 2000
|National Semiconductor Corporation
|Security system with randomized synchronization code
|Jan 11, 2001
|Sep 3, 2002
|Pittway Corporation
|Adaptive console for augmenting wireless capability in security systems
|Jan 17, 2002
|Dec 2, 2003
|Trw Inc.
|Passive function control system for a motor vehicle
|Feb 20, 2012
|Dec 23, 2014
|The Directv Group, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for verifying memory contents
|Nov 8, 1996
|Apr 6, 1999
|United Technologies Automotive, Inc.
|Pseudorandom number generation and crytographic authentication
|Dec 23, 1996
|Jun 27, 2000
|United Technologies Automotive, Inc.
|Cryptographic authentication of transmitted messages using pseudorandom numbers
|Dec 5, 2013
|Feb 26, 2014
|Remote control unlocking method and wireless remote control lock system adopting same
|Dec 5, 2013
|Jan 27, 2016
|U.S. Classification
|340/5.26, 380/262, 714/758, 380/28, 340/5.64, 380/37, 340/426.36, 340/12.5
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jul 31, 2000
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Apr 28, 2003
Owner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NEW YORK
Free format text: THE US GUARANTEE AND COLLATERAL AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:TRW AUTOMOTIVE U.S. LLC;REEL/FRAME:014022/0720
Effective date: 20030228
|Jun 28, 2004
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Aug 25, 2008
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Feb 18, 2009
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Apr 7, 2009
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20090218


text:
This position is now filled
Associate Brand Manager
Houston • Permanent
Bullet points
- Looking for driven Marketing professionals in Houston!
- Experience in the food industry preferred
About Our Client
Our client is a leading food manufacturer in Houston looking to grow their frozen foods category. With over 15 brands and a great track record of delivering the best quality foods, this organization offers the opportunity to grow with a leading brand.
Job Description
Responsibilities for this role include:
- Assists management of product categories
- Assists in project management and timeline following
- Works closely with materials development and brand strategy
The Successful Applicant
- 2-5 years in category support, brand management
- experience in the food service industry is a plus
- bachelors degree
- Strong interpersonal skills
- Proficiency in Micros soft Office programs
What's on Offer
- Great career path opportunity
- Competitive salary with bonus structure

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Jon Stewart SLAMS Harry Reid's Hypocrisy
May 14, 2014 6:53am PST
Jon Stewart usually loves to rip into conservatives, so when he goes after one of his own it's fun to watch. Last night on the Daily Show he did just that and went after Nevada Democrat Harry Reid, and boy did he nail it.
The main subject of the segment was how Harry Reid has waged war on the Koch brothers for their massive spending on politics while actually sticking up for a casino mogul in his state who does the same.
Sheldon Adelson owns the Las Vegas Sands Corporation, which is the largest casino enterprise in America, and spent $90 million on Republican candidates in the 2012 presidential election alone.
(WHOOPS: Harry Reid Once Under Fire For Saying "Negro")
"Isn't it hypocritical for Harry Reid to draw a distinction between Sheldon Adelson's money and the Koch brothers?" Stewart asked his correspondent Jason Jones.
"No," Jones replied, then said that the answer is "pretty self-evident." Adelson's money in Nevada helps Reid and the Koch brothers' money does not.
Stewart, obviously taken back by Jones explanation asked "So what is corruption?"
"Corruption is a billionaire who spends their money on sh*t you don't like," Jones said, and free speech is "a billionaire who spends money on sh*t you do like."
Sounds about right for Dirty Harry, wouldn't you say? Let us know with a comment!
(Jon Stewart: Putin "Doesn't Give A Sh*t" About Obama)
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- Harry Reid Suffers Serious Injuries In Accident
- Obama Lets More Hypocrisy Rip: "You Don't Get To Pick Which Rules You Play By"


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Ethnography at Work
By (author) Brian Moeran
Format: Hardback
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Ethnography at Work by Brian Moeran
Book DescriptionEthnography at Work follows the experiences of the author as a participant observer in the day-to-day running of a Japanese advertising agency. The book reveals the intricate behind-the-scenes planning, discussion, negotiations and strategies needed to ensure that the agency's presentation to a potential client will be preferred over that of a rival firm. The book shows how detailed ethnography can lead to an understanding of numerous different, but interlocking, theoretical issues. It demonstrates how ethnography can travel beyond the academic realm and be used by business personnel to heighten their understanding of their companies' organizational structures, strategies and daily work practices. Asking crucial questions about the role of the anthropologist in the field, Ethnography at Work introduces students to ways in which anthropologists study social systems in business.
Buy Ethnography at Work book by Brian Moeran from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9781845204976
(234mm x 156mm x 11mm)
Pages: 168
Imprint: Berg Publishers
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing PLC
Publish Date: 1-Sep-2006
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Other Editions...
Books By Author Brian Moeran
Asian Media Productions, Paperback (March 2015)
A substantial book on the social practices and cultural attitudes of people producing, reading, watching and listening to different kinds of media in Japan, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore and India.
Exploring Creativity, Paperback (October 2014)
Explores creativity and accompanying evaluative practices in a series of richly textured ethnographic case studies of creative industries.
Unwrapping Japan, Paperback (June 2013)
Recent years have seen a growth in the literature published about Japan. Yet it seems that the more that is written about Japan and Japanism, the more mysterious it becomes. This book explores areas such as advertising and tourism, and depicts how the study of Japanese society contributes to anthropological theory and understanding.
Language and Popular Culture in Japan, Paperback (February 2013)» View all books by Brian Moeran
This book attempts to demystify Japanese culture as it has been hitherto presented in the West, and shows how such cultural forms as 'noodle westerns' and high-school baseball uphold the well-known ideologies of 'selflessness', 'diligence', 'compliance' and 'co-operation' typically associated with the Japanese.
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Author Biography - Brian Moeran
Brian Moeran is Professor of Culture and Communication, Copenhagen Business School. He is the author of numerous books and articles.
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Written on: 30/06/2013
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Red Hot Chili Peppers Go Animated in 'Sick Love' Video: WatchIt's a trippy, twisted visual.
Red Hot Chili Peppers Extend 2017 TourToday the band announced a second leg of dates which will kick off on April 12th in Washington, DC.red
Red Hot Chili Peppers Coming To Verizon CenterJust announced, the Red Hot Chili Peppers will take the stage at the Verizon Center in Washington D.C. on 4/12/17.
Chad Smith's 'New Boy Band' Includes Chris Martin, Beck and Jakob DylanAn Instagram video showing the legends jamming looked like it was shot at one hell of a backyard party.
Red Hot Chili Peppers: A Look Back at 'Blood Sugar Sex Magik' 25 Years LaterWith "Give It Away," "Under the Bridge" and "Breaking the Girl," it brought the club act to the arena level, where they've stayed for a quarter century.
Red Hot Chili Peppers Announce 2017 North American TourThe band hits the road in early January.
Red Hot Chili Peppers Drop 'Go Robot' Music VideoThe clip features lead singer Anthony Kiedis in full white body paint, a white hat, and not much else.
Red Hot Chili Peppers Welcome Rams Back to LA from 10,000 FeetThe band hired an aerial advertising company to tow a banner over the LA Coliseum Saturday.
Airport Officials Meant to Detain Metallica, Not Red Hot Chili Peppers"We tried to explain to them that we weren't Metallica, bassist Flea wrote on Instagram. "But they insisted that we sign anyway. They had the power."
5 Best Songs on the Red Hot Chili Peppers' 'The Getaway'Three seconds into the album, it's clear that this is going to be a very different record for the Chili Peppers.
Anthony Kiedis Saved a Baby's Life While Shooting 'Carpool Karaoke'While shooting 'Carpool Karaoke' for The Late Late Show, the Red Hot Chili Peppers experienced a life threatening situation that didn't make its way on air.
Red Hot Chili Peppers Premiere Music Video for 'Dark Necessities'The new clip was directed by actress Olivia Wilde and features many notable female skaters.


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Ibanez S870FM-ATF Electric Guitar - Antique Burst Flat
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text:
La La Land
This is a beautiful film about love and dreams, and how the two impact each other.
This is a beautiful film about love and dreams, and how the two impact each other.
There are two movies in "Jackie." One of these movies is just OK. The other is exceptional. The first one keeps undermining the second.
Roger Ebert on James Ivory's "Howards End".
"The Ballad of Narayama" is a Japanese film of great beauty and elegant artifice, telling a story of startling cruelty. What a space it opens…
A recap of the 2016 Whistler Film Festival, which ran from November 30 through December 4.
A table of contents featuring all of Jana Monji's coverage from this year's AFI FEST.
A report on Chicago Magazine's luncheon for the 2016 Chicagoans of the Year.
Peet Gelderblom has a new video essay comparing Brian DePalma and Alfred Hitchcock, shot by shot and moment by moment.
Remember Pearl Harbor and remember how prejudice shaped history.
A review of the new documentary, "Magicians: Life in the Impossible."
A look at how "Arrival" reflects Heidegger's philosophies.
Remember Pearl Harbor and remember how prejudice shaped history.
* This filmography is not intended to be a comprehensive list of this artist's work. Instead it reflects the films this person has been involved with that have been reviewed on this site.
A celebration of Disney's "The Rocketeer" on the occasion of its 25th anniversary.
An essay on the underrated scores of late composer James Horner.
Part two of our countdown of twelve great scenes set around Christmas: #8–#5.
Marie writes: Allow me to introduce you to Bill and Cheryl. I went to Art school with Bill and met his significant other Cheryl while attending the graduation party; we've been pals ever since. None of which is even remotely interesting until you see where they live and their remarkable and eclectic collection of finds. (click to enlarge images.)
Marie writes: this past Monday, the Chicago Sun Times updated "Movable Type" - a program used to create blogs. Roger's journal for example. Other newspapers might use "Word Press" instead; same idea though. Any-hoo, it's hosted on the "new" server at the Sun-Times and as is customary, you have to login to use it. It's online software. Meaning you're totally at the mercy of any freakiness that might be going on.I mention this because there was indeed some weirdness earlier (server choked) and that, plus the fact Movable Type does things differently now, put me behind schedule. So I don't really have anything for the front page. I can go look, though! Meanwhile, just continue reading and if I find anything interesting, I'll let you know....Ooo, clams...
"Of few deaths can it be said that they end an era, but hers does. No other actress commanded more attention for longer, for her work, her beauty, her private life, and a series of health problems that brought her near death more than once." - Roger, from Elizabeth Taylor, a star in her own category


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I found this 1 day course really good. Enjoyable from start to finish. I would r...more
Create a clay drum which embodies your true element of joy, personal strength and inner well-being. Discover your unique rhythms and find out how this relates to your life experiences. This course is...more
Duration: 5 hours
Multiple levels
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Fashioning your own pots, cups, vessels and ornaments using a squishy, squashy material called clay can be one of the most satisfying past times to take up. So, if you want to make like Demi Moore in Ghost (throwing pottery on a potter's wheel...
Becoming skilled in the art of pottery can be tricky business – just ask Patrick Swayze. It's intricate work that takes knack, concentration, and creativity. But even those who consider themselves professional potters know that everyone will have a...


text:
Brian Ellis - In The Dark (2015)
- 7-07-2015, 14:14
- Music | Funk | FLAC / APE
Artist: Brian Ellis
Title Of Album: In The Dark
Year Of Release: 2015
Label: Omega Supreme Records
Genre: Modern Funk
Quality: 320 / FLAC
Total Time: 33:04 min
Total Size: 101 / 253 MB
WebSite: Album Preview
1 Boogie Box
2 Banana Seat
3 In The Dark
4 Flipped
5 Moonlight Shadows
6 One Twenty
7 Digital Love
8 Saito featuring Sasac
Southern California / Escondido native, BRIAN ELLIS, rattles the world with "IN THE DARK"! 8 electrifying song arrangements that offer a glimpse of the hi-beams peeking through the creative doorway of BRIAN ELLIS' imagination. Each song is a exciting ride through sonic fantasy, starting with "BOOGIE BOX" which unlocks the dimension with hyperbolic drum and bass arrangements, and welcomes you into a world of explosive funk ! Now that you're in tuned into the plane of this MODERNFUNK, you can enjoy the ride on the back of BRIAN ELLIS' "BANANA SEAT" and glide into the future with the ease of sensational chords that hold the melody at the highest peak, revealing a view of a masterful arrangement that's like watching stars fall out of the sky with the one you adore! "IN THE DARK" is the compass that allows listeners find themselves, while getting lost in the groove! "FLIPPED" off is the light switch that allows us to travel through the mysteries of "IN THE DARK" this masterful FUNK takes your hand and blasts off into zone only BRIAN ELLIS can navigate to, finding yourself dancing among the stars! "MOONLIGHT SHADOWS" an original dialogue that's a electrifying reflection of the sound of the Pacific West Coast! We throw it back into high gear and cruise down a very special lane of "ONE TWENTY", the sophistication of this FUNK runs in a class of his own, a model of funk that accelerates pass average initiatives, and races creativity with a high octane guitar solo to the end! There's no end to a good thing, love is infinite, as displayed with the cool piece "Digital Love" which brings in listeners for a a sonic embrace with soothing chords and guitar licks that don't shy away from the funk at its core, thanking listeners for riding on a journey through creation with BRIAN ELLIS! "SAITO" acts a encore that seals the "IN THE DARK" experience with a feature with SASAC, these two masterful planes meet in the stars to deliver listeners back to the pyramids! BRIAN ELLIS - IN THE DARK !
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How to Paint Furniture: 19 Upcycled Furniture Projects from DecoArt
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Latest Comments
"A bright and cheerful accent to any room - and a chance to test the quilting waters. I think this would be a great project for the dark evenings in January"
"These pouches are cute and a great gift idea - good stocking stuffers too. Make-up bags, pen and pencil bags, crayon holders, and and and"
"This colouring page is not as overly complicated as most a comfortable project for those who like to colour but do not want to make a commitment to the page and do not want to feel stressed by what should be a fun and relaxing activity"
"another simple concept but so tailored looking ideal for the person who does not like the fussy, curly-cue stuff"
Purse in Paisley
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Create this pink box purse in a lively paisley print for a special girl.
by DecoArt.com
DecoArt Products Required
Laurie Speltz's Instant Images
- IIT01 - 3/4 in. Flat Brush
- IIP02 - Paisley Pocket Template
- IIT05 - 1 Short Liner Brush
- IIT06 - 3/8 in. Duo Tool
- IIT07 - 1/4 in. Duo Tool
Americana Acrylics
- DAO1 - Snow (Titanium) White
- DAO31 - Baby Pink
- DA174 - Milk Chocolate
- Assorted scrapbook papers
- Ribbon
- Permanent ink pen
- Adhesives
- Papier mache purse
- Base purse with Baby Pink. Spatter with Snow White and then with Milk Chocolate.
- Layer paisley shapes with Snow White and Milk Chocolate. Let dry between layers and/or coats of color.
- Add Snow White, Baby Pink, and Milk Chocolate dots, hearts, and doodles with stylus.
- Outline and embellish with permanent ink pens.
- Attach ribbon to purse.
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YPD-Challenge chooses ServusTV for new format - application open until February 24
The YPD-Challenge – an annual competition that helps young people jumpstart their future through internship opportunities – has chosen ServusTV to take this year's proceedings to a new level with the event's first-ever television show.
Beginning in March, three consecutive ServusTV broadcasts will build excitement and support around the career-building program and its participants by engaging audience members with the ability to watch and contribute on multiple screens.
The brainchild of Hannes Jagerhofer, CEO of Vienna's ACTS Group, the YPD-Challenge (Young, Powerful, Dynamic) encourages young adults from Austria and Germany to explore their potential in the pursuit of around 120 internships at top companies. Over a two-week period beginning February 25, participants will tackle online and offline challenges and tasks. The top 600 will qualify for an offline certificate program, and the best from the certificate program will be able not only to select a high-potential internship, but also to enjoy membership in the YPD community, with its exclusive job opportunities and network of more than 1,600 motivated young professionals. Finally, an overall first prize, consisting of an internship spanning five global companies in five countries over five weeks, will be contested live on ServusTV. Titled "Die YPD-Challenge – Der Karrierestart Deines Lebens" ("The YPD-Challenge – Career Start for Your Life"), the show will be broadcast live on ServusTV and via live stream at YPDchallenge.com in 90-minute installments on March 20, March 27 and April 3 at 8:15 p.m. CET.
In bringing the YPD-Challenge to television screens for the first time in the six-year history of the event, ServusTV enables the public to share in the excitement not only by viewing the proceedings live, but with a real-time, interactive TV/online concept designed to entertain and inspire. Friends, family and fans can become part of the challenges and influence the competition right from their living rooms via a second screen, testing their own knowledge and voting for their favorite candidates on their mobile devices.
Interested students can apply at YPDchallenge.com until February 24, 2014.
Red Bull Content Pool unveiled PREMIUM MUSIC
A focused and intuitive B2B music licensing platform for Film, Television and Advertising
Capturing a breathtaking or iconic image for a movie, television program or advertisement is challenging enough, finding the right music to pair with it is an art form in itself. Now, full songs, compositions and hooks from the production music catalog "Sounds of Red Bull", pre-cleared and ready for instant use in a matter of clicks, are easily searchable alongside artist driven repertoire from Red Bull Records and Red Bull Music Publishing. PREMIUM MUSIC is the latest innovation from Red Bull Content Pool, available online http://music.redbullcontentpool.com/
While some music catalogs focus on quantity, offering tens of thousands of songs to review, rank and request, "Sounds of Red Bull" offers a laser-focused, artistically rich pool of tracks created especially for feature film, TV and advertising. Themed playlists are spotlighted on the site, each one curated by Red Bull's team of A&R experts, music supervisors, media editors, and producers. Users can also use the search to pare down selections by simultaneous categories including tempo, mood, vocals and genre-specific keywords, and test the song on their video clip directly on the website through the 'Sync' function. Production music tracks, unavailable to the public, are pre-cleared at given rates and ready for use with just a few clicks through the 'Express Licensing' function.
Registered users can also browse and listen to the premier roster of RED BULL RECORDS and RED BULL MUSIC PUBLISHING artists -- including platinum-selling AWOLNATION, Beartooth, New Beat Fund, Twin Atlantic, Little Simz and The Wanton Bishops -- and submit traditional license requests for usages in media productions.
PREMIUM MUSIC adds to the ever-growing media portfolio on Red Bull Content Pool Premium; premium video, TV and cinema products from documentaries and factual entertainment to series and feature films that can be licensed for broadcasting, home entertainment or any other commercial use. With only a few clicks, global media partners can access both editorial and license-required products from the world of sports, culture and lifestyle.
With the RED BULL CONTENT POOL, Red Bull Media House offers a unique media platform presenting its broad-asset portfolio in the fields of print, TV, film, online and mobile. From adventure sports to lifestyle and culture, Red Bull Content Pool features more than 90,000 high-quality photos, 15,000 HD videos and one of the largest 4K video libraries in the world, all available for download with all rights cleared for editorial use.
Red Bull Content Pool Contact:
Phone: +43 662 2240 28668 (Mon - Fri: 8 am - 6 pm CET)
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Dietmar Otti announced as new COO of Red Bull Media House
Red Bull Media House appointed Dietmar Otti as the company's Chief Operating Officer starting January 2017.
Through his strong international media background, gained in previous positions as President Western Europe/USA with the Bauer Media Group and as Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (COO) for Axel Springer's international division Mr. Otti brings outstanding industry knowledge and managerial experience to the young international media company.
TAG Heuer countdown success at Red Bull Rampage 2016 on Red Bull TV
The new partnership between Tag Heuer and Red Bull TV got off to a successful and timely start on Friday 14th October, as the luxury Swiss Avant-Garde watchmaker's new countdown clock on the channel ensured nobody missed out on watching 21 of the world's elite freeriders at the 11th Red Bull Rampage, the world's toughest freeride mountain bike event.
The TAG Heuer Red Bull Rampage countdown coincides with the announcement that the luxury watchmaker is the Official Timekeeping Partner for Red Bull TV. The developing relationship between Red Bull TV and TAG Heuer expands upon a winning partnership between the watchmaker and Red Bull Racing. The personalities featured on Red Bull TV continually innovate the possibilities of their sports, and competitions often come down to fractions of a second, while record setting is in TAG Heuer's DNA, with the company developing the first stopwatch accurate to 1/100 of a second.
Much of the Red Bull TV integration will support TAG Heuer's campaign theme, "Don't Crack Under Pressure" (#dontcrackunderpressure), where people are encouraged to push boundaries, take on challenges, and break rules. The inaugural countdown clock campaign celebrates two visionary rule breakers, born more than a century apart. In 1860, Edouard Heuer founded a company that has continually revolutionized the art of watchmaking around the world and beyond – TAG Heuer was the first Swiss watchmaker in space on the wrist of astronaut John Glenn. In 2001, pioneering freerider, Josh Bender, brought his crazy "you gotta go big" vision to life with the very first Red Bull Rampage; he remains on the judging panel to this day. Learn more about the inspiration behind Red Bull Rampage here.
At Red Bull Rampage, freeriders have the time of their lives trying to take smooth lines, nail large airs, and land spectacular jumps on descent trails of their own creation. Former Rampage competitors judge riders on their tricks, lines and technical ability. The new venue in Virgin, Utah brought the event back to its roots, inspiring riders to conquer raw and untamed natural terrain.
Ultimately, it was Brandon Semenuk who took the win for the second time at Red Bull Rampage 2016. Watch his incredible run, here.
Make sure you don't miss out on the next live events with the TAG Heuer countdown clock for Red Bull Straight Rhythm, live on October 23 and the Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series final, live on October 28.
The Ivory Game wins top international award at 'Oscars' of wildlife film and TV ceremony
Wins also for David Attenborough's Light on Earth and Wild Weather with Richard Hammond at Wildscreen Festival 2016
The Ivory Game, produced by Terra Mater Film Studios, and executive produced by Leonardo DiCaprio, has been named the winner of the international wildlife film and TV industry's most prestigious award - the WWF Golden Panda Award, at the 2016 Wildscreen Festival in Bristol, UK.
The documentary, which exposes the dark and sinister underbelly of global ivory trafficking, also won the evening's Theatrical Award.
There were further wins throughout the ceremony for Terra Mater, including Wild Weather with Richard Hammond, co-produced by Terra Mater, which won the Script Award and David Attenborough's Light on Earth, which won both the Technical Innovation Award and the NHK Science Award.
The biennial Wildscreen Festival is considered the most important wildlife film and TV festival in the world. Lucie Muir, CEO of the charity behind the festival, commented: "A major talking point at this year's Wildscreen Festival has been the growing success of independents, not only at finding fresh ways to tell wildlife stories but also new ways to share them. Our Golden Panda winner, The Ivory Game, is one example of this – as gripping as a thriller drama in style and soon to be shown by an on-demand channel with the unique ability to put an urgent conservation story in front of a huge global audience very speedily.
The Ivory Game premieres on Netflix November 4th 2016


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Product description for Maloja M NEILLM. from our collection of Outdoor Sports & Fashion for Male:
The multisport shorts NeillM. by MALOJA for men is made of Polystretch, a lightweight allround material.
MALOJA at its best comes here with a huge contrasting coloured star which is composed on both legs at the back. But the NeillM. by MALOJA has certainly many extras like two zip front pockets and one tigh pocket. The integrated waist width regulation system and the stretch insert at the waist reverse ensure an optimal fit.
Polystretch is the true allrounder by MALOJA for Bike and Multisport shorts. This high-quality twill fabric is made up of 100% polyester. Special yarns help to achieve a mechanical elasticity for the material. This elasticity optimizes fit and grade of movement. A water-repellent finish protects from humid conditions and dirt when doing sports.
Dear customers,
with us you can save quite a bit!
On current seasonal goods, like products whose price has not been reduced, you can also save money by using the payment methods Paypal or cash in advance. During the checkout process, you are reminded about current savings for the products in your shopping cart so you're guaranteed not to miss any of our discount offers!
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If no discount is displayed, then the displayed price already includes the maximum discount available for that item. This is especially true of already heavily discounted items from our outlet and SALE range. For these articles, further discounts are available only for owners of the eXXpozed loyalty card.


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The stuff kids really need for high school
Here are some easy tips to help you upgrade your childs supplies for high school. more
What Christmas party is complete without party bags filled with fabulous Christmas party favours.
Kids will love wearing the Christmas Holiday Tattoos. There's also a huge range of party bag favourites like bubbles, lollypops, stamps all in a cute Christmas theme.
Make your Christmas party a hit this year.


text: A question for all the IT-savvy people. My computer-competence goes as far as googling and opening up word documents. The other night I stepped into the unknown and signed up with Godaddy.com to register a domain which I will use for business in a few years time. I can't believe that nobody's registered it, it has to be the most desirable name for people working in my profession in a certain location! And so I thought I'd park it for a few years till ready. Anyway, I used my partner's paypal account which has her maiden name, and now Godaddy security has cancelled the registration because it's not my account, and wants a scan of her license within 24hrs to verify things. Which won't work as her license has her married surname. Not that I'm happy forwarding such things. I've since googled Godaddy and read a lot of bad things. I figure there's no way to get past this with them, and now I'm concerned that if I let the account lapse in hope of waiting to register the domain elsewhere, the name will be taken by Godaddy or another source in the hope of selling it to me at an inflated price. I don't understand these things very well but that's the sort of thing I'm reading on the net. Is that not likely to be a long-term problem (i.e. I can just wait and try again in six months, and such dodgy people will have dropped the name)? And will my searching the name through whois alert any dodgy players that the name might now be desirable? Thanks, Matt (Ps your replies will have to be in lay terms.)


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Phone: (289) 320-8250
1238 Dominion Road
Fort Erie, Ontario, L2A 1H7
To view our complete product offer in your area, we suggest you select this RONA.
At anytime you can select another RONA store or a RONA L'Entrepôt/ Home & Garden. The product selection listed will match the selected store.
Set Of 7 Nut DriversNut drivers. Rubberized and ergonomic handles for maximum comfort and greater torque. Sizes: 3/8 in., 1/4 in., 5/16 in., 11/32 in., 3/8 in., 7/16 in. and 1/2 in.
Ecological Attributes
Environmental Issues
This product is eco-responsible because it reduces the impacts associated with the following environmental issues:
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There are no significant environmental benefits at this stage in the life cycle.
There are no significant environmental benefits at this stage in the life cycle.
1238 Dominion Road, Fort Erie,
Ontario, L2A 1H7
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© RONA 2016, All Rights Reserved


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since 1917 Place of origin: Hiroshima, Japan
Route 38 & South Lenola Road 08057 Moorestown-Lenola, United States
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Find a Therapist in Highlands Ranch, COUnited States > Colorado > Highlands Ranch
Lorraine Kerr-Atkinson, MS, NCC, LPC
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Age groups I work with: Teens, Adults, Elders
"Are you depressed and overwhelmed? Maybe you wake up in the middle of the night worrying? Do you argue with your partner too much? Do you wish you could fe"... read more
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Barb Brown, MA, LPC
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"Do you feel stuck? Do you wonder if you can find joy and inspiration in your life? Do you feel like the weight of the world is on your shoulders? Do you fe"... read more
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Donna Parker, MA, NCC
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Age groups I work with: Children, Teens, Adults
"I have provided counseling and consultation to adults, teens, children, families, and couples for more than 20 years. My training and understanding of how "... read more
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Angela G Miller, LSW
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"It is my joy to specialize in helping individuals and couples uncover and overcome the underlying issues that are getting in the way of the happiness and s"... read more
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Rachel Dhanya Smith, MA, LPC, NCC, RYT 500
Counseling, Mental Health Counseling, Psychotherapy
Age groups I work with: Adults, Elders
"I specialize in helping women live unabashedly happy, connected, empowered, and embodied lives. My approach to counseling is creative, warm, and sometimes "... read more
Westminster, CO 80003
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Donna Claire Read, MA, CCTP, CCP
Counseling Psychology, Coaching, Psychotherapy
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"I have more than forty hours of direct-contact work with the 2014 ACT Boot Camp, which including training under ACT founders Kelly Wilson, Stephen Hayes, a"... read more
Aurora, CO 80014
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Elizabeth Parks, MA, MSc, CLC
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"Whether speaking face to face with a person, presenting, or working with a group, it is with service to other people that I find fulfillment and meaning in"... read more
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Lisa M. Vallejos, PhD, LPC
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"I've always had a passion for healing and helping others and this passion is what informs my practice. I believe that healing is a co-creative journey that"... read more
Denver, CO 80014
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Amity Walter, ACSW, LCSW
Clinical Social Work, Psychotherapy
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"I make therapy active and helpful, steadily aiding you in your journey toward change. I've been a therapist for more than 15 years, and have had thousands "... read more
Denver, CO 80202
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Melissa LaFlamme, MA, Jungian Psychotherapist
Psychotherapy, Psychology, Creative Arts Therapy
Age groups I work with: Adults, Elders
"As a Jungian Psychotherapist, I honor your courage in exploring therapy. I help adults who feel stuck, depressed, stressed, or anxious, in quarterlife or m"... read more
Denver, CO 80203
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Toilet paper roll octopus I love this! The original site is in French (for the directions). I wish it was translated into better English> I used google translate to see if that would help and a lot of the French words translated oddly into English which made it some what difficult for me to understand the directions at all.


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Narciso Rodriguez For Her Musk Collection Eau De Parfum
Regrettably this item is unavailable to order.
Musk collection, a tribute to musk, the signature fragrance of Narciso Rodriguez. Discover the eau de parfum intense, a sensual and mysterious fragrance with musky, floral notes. A fragrance that makes you feel ultra sensual, elegant and exceptional.
For reasons of hygiene this product cannot be returned if unwrapped or unsealed, unless faulty.


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By KEVIN TUNOI
Relations between Prime Minister Raila Odinga and G7 Alliance leaders Mr Uhuru Kenyatta and Mr William Ruto may not have been good at all but they most certainly just got worse.
Having come together to stop a Raila presidency and bound by a conviction that the PM relishes in their travails over the International Criminal Court trials, Odinga's Saturday's statement that their crimes are worse than murder and they should be committed to jail, just rubbed salt into a festering wound opened up by the contentious dossier already disowned by the British Government last week.
The statement tabled in Parliament cast Raila as the man UK should back, President Kibaki as a possible target of ICC indictment upon retirement next year, and purported Ruto and Uhuru would be slapped with The Hague's arrest warrants to frustrate their bids for State House.
Bishop Thomas Kakala prays for Deputy Prime Minister Uhuru Kenyatta and Eldoret North legislator William Ruto during a prayer meeting at Malindi Stadium, February 2012. PM Odinga has claimed the duo are inciting the public against International Criminal Court. [PHOTO: MAARUFU MOHAMED/STANDARD]
Now Uhuru and Ruto are back on Raila's tracks, buoyed by fury over his statements. Signs Raila may not be happy with the turn of events was discernible from his declining to comment on the remarks by Ruto and Uhuru on Sunday, as well the wait-and-see attitude adopted by some of his most outspoken defenders in Orange Democratic Movement.
Bishop Thomas Kakala prays for Deputy Prime Minister Uhuru Kenyatta and Eldoret North legislator William Ruto during a prayer meeting at Malindi Stadium, February 2012. PM Odinga has claimed the duo are inciting the public against International Criminal Court. [PHOTO: MAARUFU MOHAMED/STANDARD]
But one thing is certain, the statement coming just hours after both G7 leaders lost their bid to appeal against being committed to full trial at The Hague, surely hardened positions between the two political blocs — something that predictably, would last till election date and transition into Kenya's fourth Presidency next year.
Big plot
A dejected Uhuru asked Raila to stop making remarks that could allegedly polarise the country and pointed out the fact Kenya was transiting through a sensitive period. "It is very unfortunate for him to make such remarks during this sensitive time in the country. He must not be allowed to polarise our country in this manner. It is such reckless remarks that led to the 2007 crisis," said Uhuru in a statement circulated by his Director of Communication Mr Munyori Buku.
Uhuru, however, appeared not done with Raila as he promised to issue a "comprehensive statement" soon.
Ruto who is also the Eldoret MP claimed Raila's statement confirms his alleged role in a scheme against Uhuru and himself with regard to the ICC case.
Ruto told Raila not to bother with Kenyans praying for them because they have not asked him to join the prayer sessions.
The Eldoret North MP claimed that, on the contrary, it was Raila who ought to be behind bars since he was the principal beneficiary of the 2007-2008 post-elections violence. "He is in the position of Prime Minister not because of votes by Kenyans but because of the violence that rocked the country after the disputed elections," said Ruto.
Both were reacting to a statement that was circulated to newsrooms on Saturday by the Raila Odinga Secretariat over allegations that the British Government wants Uhuru and Ruto jailed before June.
The statement signed by Raila Odinga Secretariat, and not Raila himself, on March 10, 2012, said crimes against humanity were worse than murder yet the Kenyan suspects remained free, traversing the country holding prayer meetings.
It continued: "While Kenyans suspected of the lesser crime of murder conduct their prayers only behind the forbidden walls of Kamiti Maximum Security Prison, often for years before their cases are heard."
On Sunday Ruto said Kenyans could now see that it was "beyond reasonable doubt" that the PM had been scheming for their detention despite previous denials.


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Check in from 14h / Check out prior to 11h
Beech Mount Hotel: Find photos, reviews, information, amenities and compare prices for 3 stars hotels in Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Situated in Liverpool, this 3-star property is stylish and cosy. The various facilities this luxury hotel features include a 24-hour reception, free Wi-Fi and a safe.
Hotel description
Beech Mount Hotel has 52 stylish rooms, each with an en suite bathroom. Hot drinks can be brewed with the provided tea and coffee supplies.
Beech Mount serves breakfast each morning, and has a bar where guests can unwind with a drink.
Beech Mount Hotel Liverpool is surrounded by the area's well-known sightseeing attractions, and Newsham Park is within walking distance. It is within a 20-minute stroll of Edge Hill Railway Station, which allows for easy access in and around Liverpool.
Hotel features
Restaurant, Bar / Lounge, Cable / Satellite TV, Coffee / Tea Maker, Hair Dryer, TV, En suite, Private Bathroom
Elevator / Lift, 24 Hour Reception, Safe-Deposit Box, Wake-up Service, Photocopier
Internet Connection (wireless)
Private Toilet
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