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February 13, 2012
DENNIS LOUIS ALBA,DEFENDANT-PETITIONER,v.UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,RESPONDENT.
On August 13, 2009, Petitioner Dennis Louis Alba, a federal prisoner proceeding pro se, commenced this Section 2255 habeas corpus proceeding. On May 18, 2010, Petitioner filed a First Amended § 2255 Motion to Vacate, Set Aside or Correct Sentence (the "Amended Petition" [Doc. 1200]*fn1 ). Respondent United States of America opposed the motion, and on November 18, 2011, this Court denied the Petition. Petitioner now seeks a certificate of appealability ("COA"). For the reasons stated below, the Court DENIES Petitioner's motion for a COA [Doc. 1249].
Under the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, Pub. L. No. 104-132, 110 State. 1214 (1996) ("AEDPA"), a federal prisoner may not appeal the denial of a section 2255 habeas petition unless he obtains a COA from a district or circuit judge. 28 U.S.C. § 2255 (c)(1)(A); see also United States v. Asrar, 116 F.3d 1268, 1269-70 (9th Cir. 1997) (holding that district courts retain authority to issue certificates of appealability under the AEDPA). In deciding whether to grant a COA, a court must either indicate the specific issues supporting a certificate or state reasons why a certificate is not warranted. Asrar, 116 F.3d at 1270. A court may issue a COA only if the applicant has made a "substantial showing" of the denial of a constitutional right. 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2). To meet this standard, Petitioner must show that:
(1) the issues are debatable among jurists of reason; (2) a court could resolve the issues in a different manner; or (3) the questions are adequate to deserve encouragement to proceed further. Lambright v. Stewart, 220 F.3d 1022, 1024-25 (9th Cir. 2000) (citing Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473 (2000)); Barefoot v. Estelle, 463 U.S. 880 (1983). Petitioner does not have to show "that he should prevail on the merits. He has already failed in that endeavor." Lambright, 220 F.3d at 1025 (citing Barefoot, 463 U.S. at 893 n.4).
Petitioner argued that his sentence should be vacated and corrected because he was denied effective assistance of counsel in violation of the Sixth Amendment.
To prevail on an ineffective assistance of counsel claim, a petitioner must prove that the performance of his or her attorney was grossly deficient, and that the defense was prejudiced by the attorney's deficient performance. Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984). A petitioner bears the burden of establishing both elements. U.S. v. Quintero-Barraza, 78 F.3d 1344, 1348 (9th Cir. 1995).
Given the "distorting effects of hindsight," in evaluating an ineffective assistance of counsel claim, courts must "indulge a strong presumption that counsel's conduct falls within the wide range of reasonable professional assistance." Strickland, 466 U.S. at 689. A petitioner may establish prejudice only by demonstrating a reasonable probability that but for his attorney's error, the outcome of his trial would have been different. Id. at 694. A reasonable probability is "a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the outcome." Id.
Here, Petitioner raised numerous theories supporting his ineffective assistance of counsel claim. The Court will address each separately.
A. The Continuing Criminal Enterprise charge.
Petitioner argued that his attorney failed to challenge the Continuing Criminal Enterprise ("CCE") charge (Count 1 of the Second Superseding Indictment), which Petitioner contended was defective for a number of reasons. (See Amended P&A in Support of Amended Petition ("Amended P&A") [Doc. 1200-5]6--17.) Petitioner first argued that the CCE charge failed to allege the violations underlying the § 848(a) offense and therefore lacked a necessary element. (Id. 11-13.)Petitioner was wrong.
The indictment asserted violations of 21 U.S.C. §§ 846, 843(b), and 841(a)(1) as the predicate violations supporting the CCE charge:
Beginning at a date unknown to the grand jury and continuing up to and including October 18, 2001, within the Southern District of California, and elsewhere, defendant DENNIS LOUIS ALBA, did knowingly and intentionally engage in a continuing criminal enterprise by violating various provisions of the Controlled Substances Act (Title 21, United States Code, Sections 846, 843(b) and 841(a)(1)), which offenses were part of a continuing series of violations of the Controlled Substances Act, and were undertaken by defendant DENNIS LOUIS ALBA with at least five other persons, with respect to whom defendant DENNIS LOUIS ALBA occupied a position as organizer, supervisor, and leader, and from which continuing series of violations defendant DENNIS LOUIS ALBA obtained substantial income and resources; in violation of Title 21, United States Code, Sections 848(a).
(Sec. Super. Indictment 1:23--2:8 (emphasis added).) And although each violation was not specifically enumerated, there is "no legal requirement that the violations which make up the continuing series be specifically listed in the indictment." United States v. Sterling, 742 F.2d 521, 526 (9th Cir. 1984).
Petitioner next argued that the CCE charge failed to allege that he acted "in concert with" at least five other persons. (Amended P&A 11--15.) But the Supreme Court has held that the agreement required to satisfy the "in concert with" language of §848 is identical to the conspiratorial agreement required for conviction under §846. Accordingly, because the CCE charge included § 846 as one of the "series of violations," the "in concert with" language was unnecessary.*fn2 See Rutledge v. United States, 517 U.S. 292, 300 (1996).
Petitioner also argued that Count 1 improperly charged the "series of violations" in the disjunctive. (Amended P&A 14:10--15:12.) This argument was completely without merit. The CCE charge alleged the violations in the conjunctive: "Title 21, United States Code Sections 846, 843(b) and 841(a)(1)." (Sec. Super. Indictment 1:22--2:8 (emphasis added).)
Petitioner's final challenge was that the CCE charge failed to allege a start date, establish a definite period of time that the continuing series spanned, or establish a time period during which supervisees were managed. (Amended P&A 15:13--17:4.) But the temporal language used in Petitioner's CCE charge was identical to the temporal language used in co-defendant Forrester's narcotics conspiracy count. (Sec. Super. Indictment 1:23--24, 2:10--11 ("Beginning at a date unknown to the grand jury and continuing up to and including October 18, 2001 . . .").) And the Ninth Circuit already rejected co-defendant Forrester's challenge to that exact language. See United States v. Forrester, 616 F.3d 929, 940--41 (9th Cir. 2010).
Because the CCE charge was legally sufficient, Petitioner's first ineffective-assistance-of-counsel theory lacked merit.
B. Bill of particulars.
Petitioner next contended ineffective assistance based on counsel's failure to request a bill of particulars for the CCE charge.
The purposes of a bill of particulars are threefold: To inform the defendant of the nature of the charge against him with sufficient precision to enable him to prepare for trial, to avoid or minimize the danger of surprise at the time of trial, and to enable him to plead his acquittal or conviction in bar of another prosecution for the same offense when the indictment itself is too vague, and indefinite for such purposes.
United States v. Ayers, 924 F.2d 1468, 1483 (9th Cir. 1991). A sufficiently definite indictment coupled with a "significant amount of discovery" obviates the need for a bill of particulars. Id. at 1484. "The goal of a bill of particulars is satisfied if the defendant is aware of the theory of the government's case. . . . Even if an indictment is vague, a bill of particulars is not necessary if the government's disclosures and discovery adequately advise the defendant of the charges against him." United States v. Carpenter, 35 F.Supp.2d 1189, 1193 (N.D. Cal. 1999).
Petitioner did not dispute that he was provided with an extensive amount of discovery by the Government. Such extensive discovery, coupled with the sufficiently definite indictment discussed above, were more than adequate to apprise Petitioner of the charges against him and the evidence the Government intended to rely upon at trial. Thus, it was not objectively unreasonable for Petitioner's attorney to refrain from requesting a bill of particulars.
C. Investigate evidence of the ongoing ecstasy cook.
Petitioner next alleged ineffective assistance based on counsel's failure to conduct a pretrial investigation to impeach Government witnesses Israel Hernandez and Special Agent Coffey. (Amended P&A 21--25.) Petitioner objected to Hernandez's testimony, corroborated by Special Agent Coffey's testimony, of an on-going ecstasy cook on the night of Petitioner's arrest.
Petitioner's arguments regarding Hernandez focused on counsel's decision not to challenge testimony regarding how far along the ecstasy cook was on the night Petitioner was arrested. When compared with the overwhelming evidence of Petitioner's guilt, including wiretap conversations, CCTV videos, and Petitioner's confession, Petitioner failed to demonstrate how challenging Hernandez about the yield of a specific cook or the timing of the process would affect the outcome of the trial.
Petitioner's argument regarding Special Agent Coffey was no more compelling. Petitioner alleged counsel failed to challenge Coffey's testimony that ". . . based upon the view we had from inside the facility with the covert camera, we were actually able to tell that they [Petitioner and Hernandez] were cooking inside." (Amended P&A 24:10--13.) But Coffey was a highly trained DEA agent who observed video footage of Alba, Hernandez and Chavez going in and out of a clandestine lab carrying objects Coffey knew were consistent with an ongoing cook. Given these circumstances and the other evidence against Petitioner, counsel's strategic decision not to challenge Coffey's testimony was not objectively unreasonable.
D. Withdrawal defense.
Petitioner next alleged counsel provided ineffective assistance by failing to pursue a defense based on Petitioner's alleged withdrawal from the conspiracy. (Amended P&A 25--32.) But Petitioner's withdrawal defense was wholly without merit and therefore counsel's decision to not pursue such a defense was reasonable.
"Withdrawal from a conspiracy requires disavowal of the conspiracy or an affirmative action that would have defeated the purpose of the conspiracy, or definite, decisive and positive steps to show that the conspirator's disassociation with the conspiracy is sufficient." United States v. Loya, 807 F.2d 1483, 1493 (9th Cir. 1987) (citations omitted). Withdrawal is an affirmative defense. If a defendant can introduce sufficient evidence to make a prima facie case, the burden then shifts to the government to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant did not withdraw. United States v. Lothian, 976 F.2d 1257, 1261--62 (9th Cir. 1992).
Petitioner's withdrawal defense was without merit. Petitioner did not disavow the conspiracy or take any affirmative action to defeat the point of the conspiracy. As evidence of his disavowal, Petitioner relied on several intercepted phone calls between Petitioner and his co-conspirators. (Amended P&A 27:21--24.) These statements, even viewed in a light most favorable to Petitioner, only show that he was contemplating shutting down the Escondido lab site. (Id.) And tellingly, most of the statements occurred after the bank informed Petitioner of the criminal investigation into his activities. (Id. 28:1--25.) Petitioner's contention that these statements demonstrate withdrawal-instead of Petitioner's attempt to dispose of criminal evidence-strains credulity.
Regardless of what pre-arrest statements Petitioner did or did not make, he was arrested at the lab site during an on going ecstasy cook. Petitioner confessed to his ongoing involvement in the charged conspiracy. Withdrawal was not a viable defense for Petitioner. And the Court agrees with Respondent that Petitioner's attorney would have lost credibility with the jury had he decided to pursue such a defense. Petitioner's theory, therefore, lacked merit.
E. Testimony regarding Petitioner's post-arrest statement.
Petitioner admitted he gave a complete and detailed confession of his illegal activities to the DEA. (Amended P&A 32:36.) Nevertheless, Petitioner argued his attorney failed to challenge forty statements by the prosecutor or Special Agent Coffey that allegedly "were inconsistent with or material variances" of Petitioner's post-arrest statement. (Id. 33:8--11.)
But Petitioner failed to explain or provide evidence supporting his contention that the forty challenged statements were at odds with his post-arrest statement.
Moreover, the record confirms his counsel's performance was not deficient. As Petitioner admitted, his attorney challenged the voluntariness of the statement, objected to the use of the statement at the beginning of trial, and argued against the statement's validity during closing argument. (See Amended P&A 33:1--2, 33 n.9; see also Resp's Opp'n 22 n.14.) In short, Petitioner failed to demonstrate that his attorney's conduct was objectively unreasonable or that it somehow undermined the confidence in the outcome of the trial.
F. Jury instructions.
Petitioner alleged his attorney should have moved for acquittal, new trial, or appellate review because there was insufficient evidence to support the jury's finding on the CCE charge. Specifically, Petitioner argued that the CCE jury instruction required the jury to "find, beyond a reasonable doubt, a definite period of time for the series to have spanned; and a time period for management of supervisees charged in the indictment." (Reply in Support of Amended Petition ("Reply") [Doc. 1216-2] 12:14--17 (clarifying argument regarding counsel's failure to challenge the CCE Conviction).) According to Petitioner, the facts "material to [his] guilt did not exist. . . ." (Id. at 12:17--18.) The Court strongly disagrees. Petitioner's confession, his co-conspirators' testimony, as well as other evidence introduced at trial supports the jury's finding on the CCE charge. Accordingly, Petitioner's contention that his counsel's conduct was objectively unreasonable lacked merit.
G. Special jury verdict form.
Petitioner alleged ineffective assistance based on counsel's failure to draft and submit a special jury verdict form for the CCE charge. (Amended P&A 37--42.) Petitioner cited no case law supporting this argument. Additionally, as Respondent correctly pointed out, special verdict forms in criminal jury trials are generally disfavored and there was no legal requirement for Petitioner's attorney to submit one in this case. See United States v. Ramirez, 537 F.3d 1075, 1083 (9th Cir. 2008) ("Although there is no per se prohibition, as a rule, special verdicts in criminal trials are not favored. [Citation omitted.]") And although Petitioner now believes there would have been an advantage submitting a special jury verdict form, it is clear his attorney did not believe so. Accordingly, based on the law and facts of this case, the Court found Petitioner's strategic decision not to submit a special jury verdict form was not objectively unreasonable.
H. Drug quantity calculation
Petitioner argued counsel provided ineffective assistance by failing to challenge the Court's calculation of drug quantity on direct appeal. Petitioner argues that had the government used a proper ratio of precursor chemicals to finished ecstasy, the final yield would have been less than 48.6 kilos, thereby reducing Petitioner's adjusted offense level by two points. (Amended P&A 42:11--43:9.)
Assuming, arguendo, Petitioner is correct and the calculation of the quantity of drugs was in error, Petitioner could not prove prejudice. The Court determined Petitioner had an adjusted offense level of 39. (Resp's Opp'n Ex. G. 37:9--10.) With a criminal history category of IV, the Federal Sentencing Guideline range was 360 months to life. The Court imposed a 360 month sentence. (Id. at 341:10--17.) If Petitioner's adjusted offense level was reduced to 37, as he argues, the guideline range would still be 360 months to life. Therefore, Petitioner was incapable of showing prejudice.
Petitioner filed a Request for Judicial Notice in which he argued that under United States v. McCarthy, 2011 WL 1991146 (S.D.N.Y. 2011), Petitioner should be resentenced based on an MDMA-to-marijuana equivalency ratio of 50:1. (RJN 3:11--14.) Petitioner's reliance on McCarthy was misplaced for two reasons. First, the district court in McCarthy did not use the 50:1 ratio suggested by Petitioner, but instead used a 200:1 ratio in calculating the defendant's sentence. See Id. at *4. Second, and more importantly, unlike the defendant in McCarthy, Petitioner was convicted of being in "a position of organizer, supervisor, and leader" of a continuing criminal enterprise (see Resp's Opp'n Ex. B. 1:25--2:10), which accounts for the bulk of his sentence. Petitioner's argument, therefore, lacked merit.
For the reasons outlined above, the Court finds that the issues presented in the Petition were neither debatable among jurists of reason, nor would another court resolve the issues in a different manner. Accordingly, Petitioner's request for a COA [Doc. 1249] is DENIED.
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Hotel Royal Terme, Ischia
- Free breakfast, free WiFi in lobby, and free parking
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Hotel Royal Terme, Ischia
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Eco312 quiz 1
Question;Question;1.1.(TCO;1) The general concern of economics is with the study of the (Points: 1);degree of competition in stock;and bond markets in the economy.efficient use of limited;productive resources to satisfy economic wants.issue of equality in the;distribution of income and wealth among households.budget deficits in the domestic;economy and trade deficits in the international economy.;Question;2.2.(TCO;1) The basic economic problem is essentially one of deciding how to make;the best use of (Points;1);limited resources to satisfy;limited economic wants.limited resources to satisfy;unlimited economic wants.unlimited resources to satisfy;unlimited economic wants.unlimited resources to satisfy;limited economic wants.;Question;3.3.(TCO;1) Are the goods that businesses offer for "free" to consumers;also free to society? (Points;1);Yes, because the individual;consumer does not have to pay for them.Yes, because the marginal;benefit is greater than the marginal cost.No, because scarce resources;were used to produce the free goods.No, because society does not;assign a value to free goods.;Question;4.4.(TCO;1) Which is not considered to be an economic resource? (Points: 1);Land (or natural resources)MoneyLaborTools and machinery;Question;5.5.(TCO;1) A movement along the production possibilities curve would imply that (Points: 1);the labor force has grown.productivity has increased.productivity has declined.society has chosen a different;set of outputs.;Question;6.6.(TCO;1) Which would not be characteristic of a capitalist economy? (Points: 1);Government ownership of the;factors of productionCompetition and unrestricted;marketsReliance on the market systemFree enterprise and choice;Question;7.7.(TCO;1) The development of CDs and DVDs that significantly reduced the market;for cassette tapes would be an example of (Points: 1);specialization.derived demand.roundabout production.creative destruction.;Question;8.8.(TCO;1) The circular flow model (Points: 1);assumes that central planning;is taking place.illustrates how natural;resources are created.illustrates how money is;created by the banking system.illustrates the interdependence;of businesses and consumers.;Question;9.9.(TCO;1) In a market system, well-defined property rights are important because;they (Points;1);reduce unnecessary investment.limit destructive economic;growth.create economic problems.encourage economic activity.;Question;10.10.(TCO;1) Which is the main problem with the barter system of exchange? Barter (Points: 1);encourages self-interest and;selfishness.fosters specialization and;division of labor.requires a coincidence of;wants.undermines the right to;bequeath.;Question 11.11.(TCO 1) Josephine makes $100 a;day as a flower shop attendant. She takes off two days of work without pay to;travel to another city to attend her sister?s wedding. The cost of;transportation for the trip is $180 round trip. The cost of her hotel stay is;$99 per night and she stays for 2 nights. What is the opportunity cost of;Josephine?s trip to the wedding? Show your calculations. (Points: 5);Question 12.12.(TCO 1) Identify some intrinsic;qualities of capitalist and command economic systems. Identify two countries;that practice each. (Points;5)
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text: I downloaded Mepman's customize app. and when I tried to open the file, it tried to open with Quicktime which of course doesn't work b/c it's not a movie file. Anyone know why this is? Please Register or Log in to view images How else can I get the app?


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"Shilla" South Korea Hotel Tip by Pete_Thera
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Shilla
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Directions: Its location seems a bit out of place. You'll find nothing interesting in the immediate surrounding, but this hotel is actually close to many interesting places ie.downtown, Tongdaemun Market and is n
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Quarantine Reviews
Brent Simon
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A passably engaging claustrophobic horror thriller that eventually reveals the limitations of its storytelling mode and visual scheme, and descends into nonsensical confusion.
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It creates the same visceral response felt in the original, but it's not quite as intense, and the lack of mystery takes away from the experience.
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An eye-popping both metaphorical and literal genocidal rat race scare scenario made especially haunting when it kicks in, with its post-9/11 domestic terror lurking around every corner, hyper-paranoid sensibility.


text: Introduced invasive pigs, although (success!) these animals no longer occur on the island. Kiwis were there while I was there, trying to eradicate them. They were successful just six months later. The last feral pig was destroyed on July 5, 2006, and the native flora is reportedly on the rebound. Here's a fun sounding article: Rapid eradication of feral pigs (Sus scrofa) from Santa Cruz Island, California ""In 411 days, a total of 5036 pigs were removed....Sterilized adult pigs fitted with radio collars were subsequently used to aid in the location of surviving wild pigs and to monitor the success of the project. Female telemetered pigs were more effective than males at locating remaining wild pigs. Only 10% of the last 102 pigs (the last 20 or so present in each fenced zone) were dispatched as a result of being found with a telemetered pig, but telemetered animals were responsible for finding 43% of the very last pigs once normal hunting had ceased."" Fishing with female pig.


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Trinity Avenue
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4 HILL TOP FOLD, character holiday cottage, with a garden in Grassington, Ref 11918
From $408 / week
Description from the manager
Description from the manager
Bedrooms: 1/
Bathrooms: 1/
Sleeps: 3/
Type: House
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About the manager
About the manager
Sykes Cottages
Sykes Cottages
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Overall rating:
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Proximity to TripAdvisor's Top Grassington Attractions
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Google will no longer suggest that visitors head to The Pirate Bay. The search giant has removed the website's name from its autocomplete suggestions.
The removal from Google's search suggestions of the full range of Pirate Bay addresses was first noticed by TorrentFreak.
According to The Pirate Bay this sort of thing doesn't have much of an impact on its traffic though, and this seems fairly common for the website. When it was banned by UK ISPs its traffic increased and this new notoriety could have the same impact.
This is part of a pattern of events for Google and this year it has made some strong moves against websites that might be offering someone else's content.
In August Google began deranking websites that offer "pirated" material, saying that it was basing its reordering on the number of valid Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) takedown requests a website had received. Google also reported receiving nearly 6 million requests to remove search results last month.
This post originally appeared on The Inquirer.
This article was originally published on the Inquirer.
Related reading
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5G networks are expected to start rolling out this coming year and will likely be standard in 2018.
Five most important search marketing news stories of the week
This week, both LinkedIn and Facebook are beefing up their paid social offerings in different ways, while Google seeks to cut off Adwords revenues for fake news sites. And might Google be favouring desktop over its own AMP in its upcoming mobile-first index?
Product reviewing: how to utilise digital influencers
Credible and reliable endorsements are now, more so than ever, vital to a brand's success.
The future of advertising is mobile
The days of desktop dominance are over.


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ACC Docket
Top 10 30-Somethings Awards
The Nomination Period For Acc's 2017 "top 10 30-somethings" Is Now Open.
ACC's "Top 10 30-Somethings" awards program recognize in-house counsel rising stars for their innovation, global perspectives, proactive practice, advocacy efforts, and pro bono and community service work.
Attorneys must be between age 30 and 39 on Dec. 31, 2016, and show outstanding achievement in their profession. Self-nominating is acceptable. Nominations must be complete and received by Dec. 9, 2016.
Criteria for selection
The nominee has added value to his or her legal department, organization/company, and/or the in-house community through:
To view a PDF of the questions asked, please click here.
In-house peers who serve on ACC's board of directors and the ACC Docket Advisory Board will act as judges.
Award Presentation
The 2016 Top 10 30-Something plaques will be presented during the Corporate Counsel University event at The Loews New Orleans in New Orleans, LA, June 14-16, 2017.
The "Top 10 30-Somethings" awards program is graciously sponsored by Saul Ewing LLP.
Nomination form
The nomination form can be found here.
For more information
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Category archive: Software
Or should that be smart batphone?:
He is also holding a weapon, a knifey thingy. somewhat like this.
Photoed by me in Trafalgar Square last Friday.
Keeping things nice and face-recognition-hostile.
This computer upheaval I've been having lately was caused by me running out of computer storage space and my existing computer storage space having to be replaced. All the informational clobber that had been stored on the old two terrorbite disc had to be shifted onto a new four terrorbite disc. This took longer than was anticipated. That is what was happening over the weekend.
Today something else happened. The new computer arrangementspent the whole day noisily chuntering to itself, about something or other, in a way that I found most troubling. Was this chuntering the new normal? Is this it? Is the new four terrorbite disc just permanently noisy? And then, finally, early in the evening, the chuntering suddenly stopped. And my computer sent itself an email saying that it had been doing some backing up, of the sort that happens at the beginning of every month. Thank goodness for that. There has since been no more chuntering. There will presumably be occasional bursts of chuntering in the future, but when they happen, I will be able rationally to hope that the chuntering will soon cease.
In amongst all this chuntering, I went on a short photo-expedition. It was short because I forgot to take my camera. There was chuntering when I left. There was chuntering when I returned. But thanks to being back so very soon, I got to hear the blessed moment when the chuntering ceased, and to note the email that manifested itself at this wondrous moment of incipient silence.
Last weekend and all through this week, despite still not being totally well, I have been doing lots of socialising. I now face more. This Friday I have a meeting at my own home (Michael Jennings speaking about Australia). Today, my cricket buddy Darren and I are going to see Surrey v Gloucs at the Oval. Plus, The Guru and I are, in the midst of all this, trying to fix a visit by him to see to my big old home computer ("Dawkins" is the name I think I gave it), in time to beat the Windows 10 For Free deadline, which I think is on Friday also. So, blogging here during the next few days may be more perfunctory than usual. It may not, but it may.
On the other hand, blogging doesn't need to take that long, and while doing this apology-for-not=blogging posting, I also concocted another blog posting. See below.
This is why I make a point of promising nothing, so very frequently. Once I have promised nothing, my immediate inclination is to break that promise. Whereas, if I promise something, that is all too likely to be the promise that will get broken.
First, this, which was the graphic on the front page of today's pro-Remain Daily Mirror, and reproduced at Samizdata, which Natalie Solent reckons sends a somewhat ambiguous message. I agree. Because REMAIN is in the biggest letters, it looks like it could be saying that if you vote REMAIN, you'll be sucked into a black hole. As you will, by the way, if enough people do this. This is indeed the fate that awaits us all, in the event of a REMAIN victory. One of the reasons why this graphic only works when misunderstood, is that when misunderstood, it becomes true!
The thing is, the EU is a lot nearer to being like a black hole than us leaving the EU is. For that message, they needed something more like an endless desert, or a huge tundra, or maybe some grim maritime scene, doom-laden as far as they eye can see.
The enormity of this decision is, I feel, appropriately reflected in the deranged graphics which occurred when this picture got loaded up. Samizdata usually centres pictures automatically, and also makes them smaller automatically, if they need to be smaller. That doesn't seem to be happening at the moment.
In the comment thread on that posting, I mentioned that it was raining. Which it was, torrentially. But alas, it soon cleared up, thereby not dampening down the London (= Remain) vote as much it might have if it had rained with less violence but greater steadiness. I mean, they even managed to have a shortened game of cricket at Lord's, after the rain had stopped.
And on the right there, Elizabeth Hurley, who will have voted Leave by now, that being the picture she Twittered yesterday along with her support for Leave. There she stands, wearing only high-healed sandals and a Union Jack cushion, or that's how it looks. Thankyou Guido. She was probably right that this would get noticed, and would aid the cause she favours. But I bet the Leavers have been circulating their own interpretations of this rather odd picture. Is the picture recent, I wonder, or does it date from way back?
At least it is upbeat and optimistic in atmosphere, unlike that black hole.
For years I have wondered how to put videos done by others at this blog. My problem has always been that they were too big. 560 pixels wide instead of 500 pixels, which is the width here. This evening, I thought I observed that "Brexit: The Movie", as shown at Bishop Hill, was the exact same width as stuff at my blog. So, I rootled around in the source code for the Bishop's posting of Brexit, and dug up what seemed to be the relevant bit. It turned out I was wrong about the width. It was 560, same as it always seems to be, But having got this far I tried just changing the bit in the code where it said "560" to "500", and that seemed to work. The video seemed to get a bit smaller. (I changed 500 to 300 just to be sure I wasn't imagining it.) I did some more sums, which told me to change 315 to 280, and here it is, 500 pixels wide, fingers crossed:
There is some kind of EUro-metaphor or EUro-moral buried in this story, concerning believing that a straight-jacket was actually tighter and more rigid than it really was, but I'm too tired to be bothering about that.
Tomorrow, I will watch it.
One of my regular automatic google-searches is "face recognition", and just now this has been alerting me to all the various tricks that are coming on stream for making face recognition not work, by putting on make-up, or spectacles, and such like.
Here is my contribution to this discussion:
I know what you're thinking. Who might that be?
Exactly. Although, if you're are supercomputer, you have probably worked it out. You have a special programme which tells you to take particular interest in any faces that are trying to not be recognised.
Most of my libertarian friends think that such tech solutions are the front line of this battle. I have long assumed that the world is moving rapidly towards a state where the question of what is X doing at the moment is technologically answerable, and impossible to prevent being answered. For me, among other desirable things, libertarianism is the claim that although we can see X saying or doing something we don't approve of, we shouldn't legally prevent him or her from doing that, unless it is really, really bad.
In a world of Total Surveillance by the Big Machine, the proliferation of stupid rules and regulations with no huge moral content becomes a problem like it never used to be. I means rules about things like what you should eat or smoke or, now, say in conversation. Rules like that mean that we can all now be seen and heard breaking such rules. (Okay, maybe not now, maybe not yet, but that's where things are headed.) And that means that anyone who wants to fuck up your life or my life (for an actual real reason that has bugger all to do with the stupid rule actually being broken) can then do it. Worse, some legislative maniac might demand that anyone that the Big Machine sees breaking this or that rule that he personally is obsessed about, should be automatically fucked over, by the Big Machine, with no human intervention involved. With a big long list of exceptions, like legislators. The Big Machine can't touch them. Libertarianism has arisen, partly, because it has become ever more necessary to insist on certain principles, principles which were imposed upon the world in former times by sheer ignorance of what other people were getting up to.
The other thing people have to do is develop thicker skins, psychologically speaking I mean, because although legislative pressure is not now a problem for most people, social pressure can become a big problem, for example if you find yourself being mobbed on the internet for some innocuous thing you said or ate. Just because a million idiots on the internet are screeching that you are an idiot, that doesn't mean you are, or that if you are, it matters. When it does matter, bosses should chill, and not fire people just because the mob is screeching. I applaud, tentatively, the recent tendency to give social media mobsters a going-over, using the same methods on them that they have been using. Who is this mad bitch? What has she (it does often seem to be she) been up to lately? What is her job? Who is her boss? Etc. (In the age of cyber-bullying, I feel that I now understand witchcraft crazes better.)
Another problem is that as something easily mistaken for a state of everyone knowing everything increasingly pertains, that old illusion that everything will accordingly be centrally plannable is likely to keep rearing its very ugly head, and keep on having to be experienced as a disastrous illusion. (More libertarianism.) The point is, everyone doesn't know everything. Nothing like. We can't. Our heads aren't big enough, and even if they were, knowledge is not like that. Everyone can known anything in particular that is easy to know (like where X is just now) that they want to know and ask the Big Machine about. That's entirely different from actual omniscience.
For years I have struggled, with the graphics programme I have been using, to crop, not square (an option this programme does offer), and not to a size I specify (ditto), but to a ratio that I specify. For years, I could not do that. I repeatedly searched for such a thing, in other programmes, but evidently didn't pick the right words.
Then, in France, I couldn't remember the mere name (on such things do decisions hinge) of my regular photo-editing package, so I loaded PhotoCat, basically because it had "cat" in its name and I reckoned I could have Friday feline fun with it (ditto), to see if I could photo-edit with that, and I could, and I could do constant ratio rectangular cropping which was a most welcome surprise.
Thus are decisions made, by computer operatives. There are two rules for getting things done in the modern world. (1) Do not unleash solutions upon circumstances which are not a problem. If it doesn't help you to do something that you need to do, don't bother with it no matter how cool everyone else says it is. Cool is not a good enough reason to be faffing about with something. (Faffing about to no purpose cannot be cool, because it isn't, and because another rule is: worrying about being cool guarantees that you won't be.)
And (2): if it does help you to do just one thing that you do want to do, then, if you can afford the money, the space, the bother, whatever, use it. Then, when you are using that thing for that one essential thing, then, you can move onwards to finding out if it will do any other merely desirable things. But, lots of merely desirable things and nothing essential is not good enough.
Using anything is difficult, if you only use it occasionally, to do something merely occasionally desirable. This rule applies at all times, in all places, and no matter how "user friendly" the gizmo or programme claims itself or is claimed by other users of it to be. Occasional is bother. Always. Don't do occasional if you can avoid it.
Using anything is easy, on the other hand, if you do it regularly. This rule applies at all times, in all places, to all things, and no matter how "user hostile" enemies of the gizmo or process claim it to be. If a convoluted dance around the houses by a complicated route gets you an essential result, then dance. Convoluted will quickly become imprinted on your brain, and easy, and reinforced each time you (frequently) use it. This is how rats and ants do things. (Hurrah: other creatures!) They'll probably outlast us. Ants definitely.
The above explains why the division of labour was so epoch-making. When you concentrate entirely on a small but rather tricky part of a big process, you will do it massively better than others attempting this tricky operation only sometimes, in among all the other things they are attempting. The damn near impossible becomes routine and easy.
So, I prepared for a life of frequently PhotoCatting fixed-ratio rectangles out of my photos. Using PhotoCat for that one thing.
But then, earlier this week I was cranking up PhotoCat, prior to some fixed-ratio cropping, and it refused to load. It got to 80%, and then stuck there. Who knows why? Was this PhotoCat's fault? Was it something I was doing? Probably the latter, but that isn't the point. It didn't load. So, I went looking for alternatives, and I found one, called: PhotoPad.
And the bad news for PhotoCat is that PhotoPad also does proportional ratio cropping, and does it rather more conveniently, because PhotoPad operates on my hard disc and doesn't have to be uploaded from the www each time. Unlike PhotoCat, PhotoPad is not www based, or whatever you call it, which I prefer because you can still use it if the www is out of action. It's now all mine:
That being a snap of a rather unusual form of transport that I snapped, in France. I like how you can see what's happening there, like when they zoom in on a detail in a computer picture in NCIS or a movie or something similar. (Question. Does art lead life in computing? Does stuff like the above start out in the movies, just so absolutely everyone can get what's going on, and then migrate to real life?)
PhotoPad does something else which PhotoCat didn't do, or not for me, which is rotate much more exactly. Most photo software seems to want to offer only rotation in 1 degree increments. If they can do better, they don't volunteer the fact. But, PhotoPad does volunteer this. With PhotoPad, instead of rotating something 1 degree or 2 degrees (or 359 degrees), you can do 1.38 degrees or 1.77 degrees or 358.61 degrees. You'd be surprised, perhaps, how often that is a desirable refinement. You can do it by eye, and let the numbers take care of themselves. Terrific. Cool, even.
So. PhotoCat now offers me … nothing. So, … see above.
Just now, while checking out the PhotoCat link for this posting, I successfully cranked up PhotoCat. Whatever went wrong before has now gone away.
Too late.
Another French picture, but this time taken in Paris, by my friend Antoine Clarke (to whom thanks):
That would be La Defense, unless I am much mistaken, that being Paris's new Big Thing district.
I cropped that photo slightly, to moderate that leaning-inwards effect you get when you point a camera upwards at tall buildings.
The email that brought the above snap to my desk, earlier this month, was entitled "warmer than when you were here last". When I last visited Paris, it was indeed very, very cold, so cold that water features became ice features (see the first picture there).
Today, Antoine sent me another photo, also suffering somewhat from leaning-inwards syndrome, and also cropped by me, more than somewhat. See right.
Mostly what I think about Antoine's most recent picture is: What an amazing crane! So very tall, and so very thin. It's amazing it even stays up, let alone manages to accomplish anything. I don't remember cranes like that existing a generation ago, but maybe that's merely because no towers that high were being built in London. Not that Antoine's crane is in London. It is somewhere in America, but where, I do not know.
I just did a bit of googling for books about cranes, and if my googling is anything to go by, books about construction cranes and their history are a lot thinner on the ground than are construction cranes. When you consider how many tons of books have been written about the buildings that construction cranes construct, it is surprising that so little is written about the mighty machines without which such construction would be impossible.
It reminds me of the analogous profusion of books on the history of science, and the comparative neglect of the history of scientific instruments.
As I think I have written before, one major defect of my blog-posting software is that I do not get an accurate picture of how the final blog posting will look, and in this case, whether there is enough verbiage on the left hand side of this tall thin picture of a tall thin crane, to prevent the picture of the tall thin crane impinging upon the posting below. Hence this somewhat verbose and superfluous paragraph, which may not even have been necessary, but I can't now tell.
Benevolent Laissez-Faire photos
With PhotoCat I can do cropping while keeping it the same shape
What sort of duck is this?
Taking photo-notes and an app for improving photo-notes
Photo of Mountbatten on Sea Containers House
How cranes might not keep falling
Michael Jennings on Uber (and the Uber logo ruckus)
Screens at dusk
Simon Gibbs on computer programming - me on how Alex Singleton has not written himself out of a job
Excellent headline
Jim Glymph gets Frank Gehry past the limits of what is buildable
How to Weaponize your Cat to Hack Neighbours Wi-Fi Passwords
It begins (badly)
Out and about with GD1 (3): Baritone borrows my charger
Adverts for small and cheap drones
Peter Thiel on how humans and computers complement each other
A drone weaving a structure in space
Touch typing or no typing at all
Playing away
Christmas Day photos
Matt Ridley on how technology leads science and how that means that the state need not fund science
Database blues
Dominic Frisby on the Hype Cycle
Blog down
It turns out that lightning speed is immensely useful
God was overheating and now needs radical transplant surgery (and Dawkins now has to do my email)
PID at the Times
OpenOffice Writer default resetting nightmares
Cashing a cheque by photoing it
Robyn Vinter is wrong about Google Glass
TfL electronic signs (etc.)
Capturing moments
The joyful excitement of the Festival lyrique international de Belle-Île-en-Mer
My blogging software is behaving badly
Classical Amazon
Green screen blue screen
Art has its uses – but where did it have its uses this time – and what is it?
Another photographer photo from the archives
Confirmation that map use has seriously declined
Digital photographers holding maps
Mark Steyn on Obama's Hoover Dam and me on paywalls
On the insecurity of ObamaCare - and on the unwisdom of only punishing big and later
Simon Gibbs last night at the Rose and Crown
Alex on Quentin
Twisted picture from Burgess Park (untwisted with Photoshop Elements)
Finding Rover app tracks lost dogs using facial recognition
Richard Stallman on software patents
Interesting software NewZ
Rob Fisher on the 3D printing future
The Johnathan Pearce Samizdata gap
Testing again
Reflections on a strange coincidence involving an Android app and a malfunctioning bus stop sign
Panoramic view of London from the top of the BT Tower
Alastair James on Blythe Hill Fields and smartphones
Doing libertarian business at the Libertarian Home social
Looking along Victoria Street to The Wheel (and on how to be liked (or disliked) by Google)
Close-up of the ruined Vauxhall crane
Is Samizdata in danger of becoming a photo-blog?
Nice blog you have here … shame if something happens to it
All change at Samizdata and another outage here
Michael Jennings on why iPad photoing is not ridiculous
More photographers photographed
Outage here last night - and the possible Wordpress future of this blog
PID at Samizdata
Turning back the spam comment tide and allowing proper comments from way back still to be read
Celebrity photoshoot?
Untrue colours from Windows Photo Viewer
Google Earth and Mr and Mrs Goose
The Jobs difference
Notes to self but not to you
How can I change the double inverted commas in openoffice.org writer from curved to straight-up?
Empty tables and empty chairs
Infrequent flyer
Someone doesn't understand what I mean by roof clutter
Out to lunch with Alex Singleton
Jobs departs from Apple (again)
OpenOffice.org 3.2.1 Writer font default setting help wanted
Problems here (now sorted)
I can do squares!!!
Is this blog somewhat broken?
Help with Audacity please
Brianmicklethwait Dot Com headline of the day
Google rolls out computer controlled cars
Links to this and that
Bay Bridge plus a new bridge next to it
Big box computers versus laptops
Alex Singleton on Photoshop CS5
How my camera and the internet explained an old bus
Apple keyboard remains excellent – iPhone software not so excellent
Green cat email mystery solved
Brian Sickle-feather?
Does Google now rule the world of computing?
What's up with this?
Antoine Clarke talks about Facebook and Twitter – Guido and … Ian Geldard?
Me and Michael Jennings talk tech trends
Chrome now seems better than IE or Firefox
MP3 Haydn symphonies
Is the original version of this with all the spelling mistaks what goes on all teh uther blogs?
A photo of the Samsung NC10 and the original Asus Eee-PC next to each other
Daniel Hannan and the shape of the media to come
A question about double inverted commas in OpenOffice.org Writer
Embedded video
Milk containers ancient and modern
Has the Linux moment passed?
Billion Monkey with red mittens on
Jesus gets a big new keyboard
Another resizing test
Resized picture done with Jesus but quickly
JD gets PTD
Imperfect day
Pink bunny successfully resized and posted only with Jesus!
Now I'm going to try to stick up a picture with Jesus
Cats are (as of) now being counted in permanent italics
Permanent Bold Disease strikes Brassneck
PID hits DK
Coffee House struggles with Permanent Italics Disease
Instapundit succumbs to PID
Permanent italics disease at the Coffee House
A cheaper competitor for the Eee PC
The Eee PC just got better
Eee PC and Brahms CDs
Typed man walking
The petty cash effect cuts in for Linux
Linux versus Windows - the bigger tiny laptop breakout
Vista won't work on the new small and cheap computers
Blu-Ray - HD DVD – IBM – Microsoft - Google
I love competition
A job well done
Eee PC not eeesy to get in Asia either
Facebook – not so social
Engadget suffers from intermittent giant text disease
I listened to both of them at the same time!
Smelling the smoke in the Microsoft machine
YouTube - Internet Explorer - Firefox
The permanent italics disease


text:
Houses for Rent in Dedham, MA
|2703 Listings Found
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Nicely updated seven room, three beds, 3 bathrooms split level home in desired Gree odge neighborhood. House has recently up-to-date...
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This lovely Tudor style raised ranch style home, built in 1973, is sited on a corner lot of over 15, 000 ft. The eat-in-kitchen has...
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Single family three beds house with large living room dedicated dining area room remodeled kitchen and one full size bathrooms, and...
32 Lower East St, Dedham, MA, 02026Details »
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250 Station Circle, Dedham, MA, 02026Details »
Immaculate ground level of two family home on a beautiful in West Roxbury! five rooms, three beds, 1 baths, spacious living room, nice...
59 Desoto Road, West Roxbury, MA, 02132Details »
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Split level in family neighborhood near shopping and schools. Partly furnished. Rent includes: None. Deck, Gutters, 4N0B8R Screens,...
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Raised Ranch Ready for Renting! Spacious three beds rental right in West Roxbury. Large kitchen with eating area, hardwood throughout,...
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10/14/16 - Football - Aquinas 6, Logan 50
City battle taking place on the northside at Logan
hosts Aquinas.
The C-J Siegel show for the Rangers in the first.
Fields the punt here.
Makes a few people miss.
Off to the races and he's gone.
6 - 0 Logan.
Then later in the quarter.
Tre Davis to Siegel in stride.
61 yards to the house.
Logan heads into the playoffs a 50-to-6 winner.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 16, 1976
|Filing date
|Apr 16, 1975
|Priority date
|Aug 27, 1973
|Publication number
|William P. Kruger, John A. Michnowicz
|Original Assignee
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (24), Classifications (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 391,721 filed Aug. 27, 1973 now U.S. Pat. No. 3,886,365.
Ion sources are employed with mass spectrometers in the analysis of substances. Commonly used sources are the electron impact source and the chemical ionization source. The first one has a large electron entrance, a large ion exit, and an ionization region where the incoming electrons fragment as well as ionize vapor molecules thus providing a large quantity of information which does not necessarily give clear indication of the identity of a substance. The chemical ionization source has, on the other hand, a small electron entrance, a small ion exit, and an ionization region where the pressure can be maintained at such levels that ion-molecule collisions are extremely likely to occur, such collisions leading to ready identification of the molecular weight of a substance.
Operation of a mass spectrometer alternately with electron impact and chemical ionization sources has required many hours of down time during which the operation of the spectrometer stops. An object of this invention is to permit changing between the electron impact and the chemical ionization configurations with minimal interruption of operation of the mass spectrometer.
According to the preferred embodiment, this invention provides an ionization source with two distinct ionization chambers, one which operates as an electron impact ionization source and the other as a chemical ionization source. The invention may be used with a mass spectrometer and changes in configuration can be made easily and quickly. The main elements of the invention include a hollow chamber having a plurality of orifices transverse to the longitudianl axis of the chamber. One of the orifices contains an electron source, and another one is a gaseous sample inlet. A hollow slidable cylindrical member having smaller transverse orifices than those in the hollow chamber fits inside the hollow chamber. At one of its ends, the cylindrical member has two electrode inserts separated from each other along the longitudinal axis and defining a first ionization region between them and the inside walls of the hollow cylindrical member. This region is connected to the sample inlet orifice and to the electron source orifice when the hollow cylinder is in a first position. A second ionization region is defined by the inside walls of the hollow chamber, the outer electrode insert of the cylindrical member, and the open end of the hollow chamber, when the cylindrical member is in a second position. This second region is directly connected to the electron source orifice and to the sample inlet. In this manner, when the cylindrical member is in the first position, the source operates as a chemical ionization source and when the cylindrical member is in the second position, the source operates an an electron impact source. The position of the cylindrical member can be changed quickly and easily by simply pushing or pulling a handle attached to the cylinder.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in the chemical ionization configuration.
FIG. 2 shows the apparatus of FIG. 1 in the electron impact configuration.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show a vacuum envelope 14 which is connected to an ordinary vacuum pump through a port 9 for evacuating air from the envelope. An ion chamber 16, which may be a stainless steel tube, is supported within envelope 14 by a support member 12 and has orifices, 17, 17' and 23 transverse to its longitudinal axis. Orifice 17 contains a filament 18 near the periphery of ion chamber 16 and near an end 19 of ion chamber 16.Orifice 23 is an inlet for samples to be ionized. The ion chamber 16 has a preferably cylindrical bore 24 along the longitudial axis. Filament orifice 17 intersects bore 24 near end 19.
A hollow member 28 fits slidably inside bore 24, which member may be made of stainless steel tubing. Electrode inserts 35 and 36 are supported by and fastened to the inside of slide member 28 by insulators preferably made of ceramic. Insert 35 is located at end 21 of member 28 and has a passage 34 through it. Insert 36 is spaced apart from insert 35 and has a passage 39 through it. A connector 38 passes through passage 39 and engages passage 34 in insert 35 when member 28 has been moved to the left as shown in FIG. 2. A spring 40 attaches connector 38 to a base block 42, and this block is in turn affixed to but electrically insulated from chamber 16. Slide member 28 has a slot 44 through which base block 42 passes. The external surface of hollow member 28 is preferably hardened toprevent galling or binding with chamber 16. A handle 48 attaches to end 53 of hollow member 28 and is used to displace this member from the first position to the second position as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 respectively. A bellows 46 surrounds handle 48 and connects the end 53 of hollow member 28with a wall 55 of vacuum envelope 14. A support member 12 surrounds the bellows 46 and affixes the chamber 16 to wall 55. A pivot axle 75 between a support member 71 and an arm 72 permits pulling or pushing arm 72, whichis connected to handle 48, for placing cylinder 28 in either the chemical ionization configuration as shown in FIG. 1 or the electron impact configuration as shown in FIG. 2. Arm 72 is connected to handle 48 by a vernier screw arrangement 73 for making fine alignment adjustments of electron passage 32 with filament orifice 17.
As shown in FIG. 1, electrode inserts 35 and 36 and the inner periphery of hollow member 28 define a first ionization region 30 when hollow member 28is to the right, as in FIG. 1. A second ionization region 30' is defined bythe interior walls of chamber body 16, the electrode insert 35 to the left,and the open end 19 of chamber 16 to the right. A passage 32 through the wall of hollow member 28 permits entry of electrons into the ionization region 30 from orifice 17 when hollow member 28 is to the right. A sample inlet 23 through the walls of ion chamber 16 permits entry of an ionization sample into ionization region 30' when cylinder 28 is to the left as shown in FIG. 2. Sample inlet 23, and sample inlet 20 passing through the walls of hollow member 28, permit entry of an ionization sample into ionization region 30, when hollow member 28 is to the right asshown in FIG. 1. A passage 34 permits exit of ions from the ionization region 30 to an ion lens assembly 26. Both passages 32 and 34 may have a conical configuration to improve entry of the electrons through the first passage and exit of the ions through the second passage. Passages 32 and 34, the electron entrance and ion exit passages respectively of the chemical ionization chamber, are much smaller than the respective passages17 and 21 of the electron impact chamber. The smaller size of passages 32 and 34 permits maintaining a higher pressure in ionization region 30 than in ionization region 30'.
Magnets 52 and 52' are located adjacent to filament 18 and to an electron collector 50, respectively, which is disposed on the periphery of chamber 16 diametrically opposed to filament 18. The magnets direct an electron beam from the filament to the collector. The ion lens assembly 26, adjacent to end 19, extend away from chamber 16 and, when the appropriate potentials are applied, focuses ions emerging from ionization regions 30 and 30' into a mass filter for analysis (not shown).
A potential source 70 is connected to insert 35 by connector 38 to maintaininsert 35 at a potential for repelling ions when the hollow member 28 is tothe left, as shown in FIG. 2. When the hollow member 28 is to the right, connector 38 engages only insert 36 to maintain a repelling potential on this insert, which insert now becomes a repeller electrode.
When the hollow cylindrical member is to the left, the ionization source isoperating in the electron impact configuration where the pressure inside ionization region 30' is about 10.sup.-6 Torr; the ionization electrons have energies of about 70 eV; and mean-free-paths of about 2 � 103 inches. The electrons in this configuration fragment the sample molecules and produce many ions whose mass-to-charge ratios do not necessarily correspond to the molecular weight of the sample. When the hollow cylindrical member is to the right, the ionization source is operating in the chemical ionization configuration where the pressure in ionization region 30 is up to 1.0 Torr; the ionization electrons have energies of about 100 to 500 eV; and short mean-free-paths of about 2 � 10.sup.-3 inches. The electrons in this configuration do not fragment the sample molecules as much as in the electron impact configuration, but produce an abundance of ions whose mass-to-charge ratiocorresponds more accurately to the molecular weight of the sample.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 27, 1960
|Dec 24, 1963
|Atlas Werke Ag
|Ion source for mass spectrometer
|Mar 3, 1966
|Nov 28, 1967
|Ludolf Jenckel
|Gas analysis apparatus comprising plural ionization chambers with different ionizing electron beam energy levels in the chambers
|Jan 14, 1966
|Oct 8, 1968
|Exxon Research Engineering Co
|Dual mass spectrometer ion source comprising field ionization and electron bombardment sources and the method of use
|Feb 17, 1969
|Jan 5, 1971
|Us Air Force
|Time-of-flight mass spectrometer operative at elevated ion source pressures
|Mar 14, 1968
|Jan 12, 1971
|Exxon Research Engineering Co
|Process for chemical ionization for intended use in mass spectrometry and the like
|Nov 7, 1967
|Jun 1, 1971
|Varian Mat Gmbh
|Combined field and impact ionization source for mass spectrometers
|Aug 27, 1973
|May 27, 1975
|Hewlett Packard Co
|Multiconfiguration ionization source
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 28, 1977
|Aug 8, 1978
|Extranuclear Laboratories, Inc.
|Methods and apparatus for simultaneously producing and electronically separating the chemical ionization mass spectrum and the electron impact ionization mass spectrum of the same sample material
|Dec 14, 1989
|Nov 12, 1991
|Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh
|Time-of-flight spectrometer with gridless ion source
|May 11, 1993
|Apr 12, 1994
|Mks Instruments, Inc.
|Quadrupole mass spectrometer
|Jul 2, 1997
|Nov 10, 1998
|Bunker; Stephen N.
|Device for measuring flux and accumulated dose for an ion beam containing a radioactive element
|Dec 18, 1996
|Apr 13, 1999
|Implant Science Corporation
|Sputter cathode for application of radioactive material
|Jul 2, 1997
|Apr 27, 1999
|Implant Sciences Corporation
|Ion source for generation of radioactive ion beams
|Sep 30, 1997
|Jun 27, 2000
|The Perkin-Elmer Corporation
|Ion source and accelerator for improved dynamic range and mass selection in a time of flight mass spectrometer
|Sep 18, 2002
|Nov 11, 2003
|Agilent Technologies, Inc.
|Multimode ionization source
|Aug 13, 2003
|Jul 18, 2006
|Agilent Technologies, Inc.
|Multimode ionization source
|Feb 25, 2005
|Aug 15, 2006
|Agilent Technologies, Inc.
|Apparatus and method for sensor control and feedback
|Apr 26, 2004
|Dec 9, 2008
|Griffin Analytical Technologies, L.L.C.
|Instrumentation, articles of manufacture, and analysis methods
|May 31, 2006
|Feb 10, 2009
|Agilent Technologies, Inc.
|Multimode ionization source
|Nov 17, 2006
|Sep 7, 2010
|Thermo Finnigan Llc
|Method and apparatus for selectively performing chemical ionization or electron ionization
|Sep 14, 2007
|Aug 9, 2011
|Griffin Analytical Technologies, L.L.C.
|Analytical instrumentation and sample analysis methods
|Apr 25, 2006
|Mar 25, 2014
|Griffin Analytical Technologies, L.L.C.
|Analytical instrumentation, apparatuses, and methods
|Dec 29, 2010
|Feb 10, 2015
|Flir Detection, Inc.
|Analytical instruments, assemblies, and methods
|Feb 9, 2015
|May 24, 2016
|Flir Detection, Inc.
|Analytical instruments, assemblies, and methods
|Aug 13, 2003
|Apr 29, 2004
|Fischer Steven M.
|Multimode ionization source
|Feb 25, 2005
|Sep 29, 2005
|Fischer Steven M
|Apparatus and method for sensor control and feedback
|Apr 26, 2004
|Nov 2, 2006
|Barket Dennis Jr
|Instrumentation, articles of manufacture, and analysis methods
|May 31, 2006
|Feb 1, 2007
|Fischer Steven M
|Multimode ionization source
|Nov 17, 2006
|May 22, 2008
|Mccauley Edward B
|Method and apparatus for selectively performing chemical ionization or electron ionization
|Mar 29, 1996
|Dec 30, 1997
|Mks Instruments, Inc.
|Quadrupole mass spectrometer
|Feb 10, 2004
|Feb 16, 2005
|Agilent Technologies Inc., A Delaware Corporation
|Multimode ionization source
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text: Elly is a sweet senior looking for her forever home! Elly is a gentle and affectionate Siamese lady who loves human attention. She would do best in a quiet home. She gets along with her kitty roommates but prefers the company of low-key cats. Elly has been diagnoised with hyperthyroidism and hypertension, and is on oral medication that she will need for the rest of her life. She will also need blood work and blood pressure checked yearly. Elly is part of our perpet-u-care program! Please click the link to find out more: http://www.catcaresociety.org/adoptions/perpet-u-care


text:
Junior Wells - Better Off With The Blues (1993)
- 7-10-2013, 07:35
- Blues | FLAC / APE
Artist: Junior Wells
Title Of Album: Better Off With The Blues
Year Of Release: 1993
Label: Telarc
Catalog: CD-83354
Genre: Blues, Funky Blues
Quality: FLAC (Tracks)
Bitrate: Lossless
Time: 00:59:51
Full Size: 376 mb (+5%rec.)
01. Cry For Me Baby
02. Do A Little Something For Yourself
03. Oh, Pretty Woman
04. Goin' Home
05. Waitin' On Ice
06. Better Off With The Blues
07. The Train
08. Today I Started Loving You Again
09. Honest I Do
10. Messin' With The Kid
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text:
Part Number: AM-32583751
These replacement power window regulators with motors are just what you need to get your Sportage in good shape again!
These power window regulators with motors feature the following specifications:
- Comes as a PAIR:
- Includes both the LH (Driver Side) & RH (Passenger Side) REAR DOOR
- Replaces dealer part numbers: 0K077 72560B, 0K07772560B, 0K077 73560B, 0K07773560B
- Power operation
- Direct replacement
- Includes power window motor already assembled to regulator
- Built to strict quality control standards
These Sportage power window regulators with motors make a great replacement and have good cost savings over a dealer unit.
Please Note: These window regulators are high quality aftermarket parts that meets or exceeds the performance of the original. They have been subjected to extensive testing and quality control standards. That is why we offer these regulators with our superior warranty!
10 Year Warranty
Effective June 23, 2014: This item is backed by a 10 Year Warranty. In the event this item should fail due to manufacturing defects during intended use, we will replace the part free of charge (excludes shipping charges) for the original purchaser.
Please note: Any modifications to an item of any kind before contacting us will void any and all warranty coverage for this item. Please contact us before modifying the part so that we have the opportunity to correct the situation.
This part replaces:
- Dorman 748-372,748-373
Vehicle Fit
- 2001-2002 Kia Sportage Window Regulator Power Rear Pair with Motor
Please help us make certain we are selling you the correct part by confirming the year, make and model of your vehicle:
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