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ADVENTCAzT 07: 'If only things were different…"
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ADVENTCAzT 04: Suffering and Second Chances
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ADVENTCAzT 03: Francis' Admonition to Priests
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ADVENTCAzT 01: Sitting… doing…
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ADVENTCAzT 00: Preparation and You
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OLDIE PODCAzT 87 (2009): Veni Sancte Spiritus – The Pentecost Sequence dissected
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PODCAzT 146: Spinello: Does Amoris Laetitia Retreat from Absolute Moral Norms?
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PODCAzT 145: Athanasius Schneider on 'Amoria laetitia'
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PODCAzT 143: Fulton J. Sheen – "In the face of this false broadmindedness, what the world needs is intolerance."
With a biretta tip to my friend Fr. Heilman at Roman Catholic Man, this PODCAzT welcomes today's guest Ven. Fulton J. Sheen. We will hear his Plea for Intolerance … yes, you read that right. It seems appropriate to read this … Continue reading


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March 18, 2009; as modified April 2, 2009 and April 15, 2009
ALAN T. S., JR., PETITIONER,v.THE SUPERIOR COURT OF ORANGE COUNTY, RESPONDENT;MARY T., REAL PARTY IN INTEREST.
Original proceedings; petition for a writ of mandate to challenge two orders of the Superior Court of Orange County, Nancy A. Pollard, Judge. Writ granted. (Super. Ct. No. 95D001083).
We scheduled an OSC on father Alan T. S."s writ petition challenging two pre-trial*fn1 orders implicating his ability to retain counsel, because his petition presents an important issue regarding access to justice for pro per*fn2 family law litigants. (See generally Elkins v. Superior Court (2007) 41 Cal.4th 1337, 1369, fn. 20 (Elkins) [recommending task force "to study and propose measures to assist trial courts in achieving efficiency and fairness in marital dissolution proceedings and to ensure access to justice for litigants, many of whom are self-represented"].)
The issue, generally framed, is how courts are to achieve, particularly in low and middle income cases, the legislative goal of assuring "each party has access to legal representation to preserve each party"s rights." (Fam. Code, § 2030, subd. (a)(1), italics added; see also Fam. Code, § 2032, subd. (b) [goal that "each party, to the extent practical, to have sufficient financial resources to present the party"s case adequately" (italics added)]; Hogoboom & King, Cal. Practice Guide: Family Law (The Rutter Group 2008) ¶ 5:180, p. 5-75 (hereinafter Rutter Group Family Law Treatise) ["Several Family Code statutes authorize pendente lite attorney fee awards in various types of Family Code proceedings. In each case, the purpose is to ensure, to the extent possible, that the litigating parties are on an equal footing in their ability to present their cases . . . ."].*fn3
More specifically, Alan challenges two orders made by the trial court preparatory to a child custody hearing brought by his ex-wife, Mary T., which have impacted his own ability to retain counsel. Alan is already paying support for children that were taken away from him by way of a now reversed child custody order. (The upcoming hearing is a product of that reversal, since the trial court, as we explain anon, utilized the wrong standard to gauge whether there had been a change of circumstances.)
The two challenged orders appear to assure that, while Mary is well represented by obviously able and diligent counsel, Alan will be left, like the pro per in Elkins, to haplessly flail away. We scheduled this OSC because, in other words, it appeared that the upcoming custody hearing will not be a fair fight with "each party" being able to present its case.
On scrutiny, we have determined that neither of the challenged orders passes muster.
The first order is an attorney fee order against Alan and in favor of Mary for $9,000. This order does not pass muster, even under an abuse of discretion standard of review, because, as pointed out in In re Marriage of Keech (1999) 75 Cal.App.4th 860, 866-871 (Keech) as well as several other cases, the record must reflect that the court did in fact consider the factors set forth in sections 2030 and 2032. Here, however, there are several significant relevant factors that the trial court did not consider, including Alan"s negative cash flow of about $800 a month (he ran up a large credit card debt in order to pay a $25,000 attorney fee bill from the time when he was represented), the respective amounts of property owned by the parties (including some horses that Mary owns and apparently rents out and whether either of the parties has any equity in their respective homes), the $1,800 a month in child support that Alan pays to Mary as a result of the now reversed order, new mate or new partner contributions to the respective households (Mary has remarried, Alan lives with a non-marital partner with whom he recently had a child*fn4 ), and, finally, the incurrence by Mary of at least a quantum of fees clearly not "reasonably necessary" for the litigation to date.
The second order involves a clear error of law on the rather esoteric (and under-written on) subject of post-appeal cost orders. The trial court (incorrectly, as we show below) slashed some $6,000 in appellate costs that Alan had coming to him from a previous (unpublished) appellate proceeding to less than $3000, and further, also incorrectly, made the cost order payable in installments of $150. Since a post-appeal cost order is a money judgment, as distinct from an equitable order to pay money, the trial court had no power to unilaterally make that judgment payable in monthly installments.*fn5
Now, one might ask, does not Alan have an adequate remedy at law? After all, both the pendente lite fee order and the order reducing appellate costs are each appealable. No. Not under these particular circumstances. Alan is one pro per litigant who has made it clear he does not want to be in pro per. His objective in filing these writ petitions is to scrape up sufficient money to retain counsel needed to present his case in the upcoming child support proceeding. To borrow a phrase, while all things may not be interrelated, at least in this case Alan"s ability to obtain "sufficient financial resources to present [his] case adequately" is interrelated with the trial court"s pendente lite fee order (which allows his adversary to have a lawyer when he doesn"t) and the error on the cost bill (which deprives him of a sum theoretically otherwise available for use as a retainer). And specifically as to the order reducing the appellate costs, $3,000 may be the difference between being able to hire a lawyer and present his side of the story in the upcoming child custody proceeding. The alternative leaves him playing the role of a pro per whose case, shades of Gideon"s Trumpet,*fn6 is doomed from the beginning.
A. The Backstory
Alan and Mary had two children -- Thomas, born in 1991, and Sarah, born in 1993. Alan and Mary separated; divorce proceedings were initiated in the family law court in Orange County in 1995. A final, formal judgment as regards child custody was filed in 1997, which awarded custody of both children to Alan. At the time, Alan was a law librarian for a large law firm in Orange County. In 1999, Mary relocated to the area around Reno, Nevada, where she found work as a clerk in family law court in Washoe County. She made no attempt to change custody even though the increased geographical separation of the parents made visitation problematic.
In any event, the two children lived with their father for the next seven years, during which time he found work as a law librarian for a big firm in Century City. However, in 2004 Mary leveled allegations of physical abuse of the children at Alan. The allegations resulted in a petition to establish juvenile court jurisdiction over the children being sustained, based on discrete instances of his having slapped the children.
However, the juvenile dependency court did not remove the children from Alan"s care. In fact, in preparation for a status review hearing scheduled for January 2006, a social worker wrote that since November 2005, "there has been no safety concerns regarding the children under the care of the father."
Accordingly, on February 9, 2006, the juvenile court terminated jurisdiction. The order of termination in Los Angeles County Juvenile Court case CK 56151, specifically stated that: "No custody order is issued."
That meant the termination of juvenile court jurisdiction order left both children in the custody of their father, Alan.
Almost immediately, Mary filed an OSC in Orange County Superior Court family law court seeking a modification of custody based on allegations that Thomas, then about 14 years old, did not want to live with his father. She also filed ex parte papers in what was basically her own home court (in more than one sense of the word), the Nevada court where she sought a change of custody based on the same allegations. The Nevada court, however, declined to grant Mary"s ex parte request, in part because a hearing was already scheduled in California for a few weeks later in April.
In April, the Orange County family law court, Judge Naughton presiding, granted temporary change of custody to Mary. At this point, Alan was in pro per.
About a week later Alan would unsuccessfully move to recuse Judge Naughton for cause based on his having had a telephone conversation with a Nevada judge concerning Mary"s unsuccessful ex parte application in Nevada. Judge Naughton noted that it was "good judicial practice" under the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act for judges in courts outside the jurisdiction to communicate with each other. (By the way, Judge Naughton was wholly correct in talking to the Nevada judge. (See Guardianship of Donaldson (1986) 178 Cal.App.3d 477, 491 ["The resolution of jurisdictional conflict between two states by direct interstate judicial communication and consultation is not discretionary; it is mandatory."].))
Judge Naughton"s April 2006 order was temporary, but it was not until January 2007 that the custody change would eventually be heard,*fn7 and one should note the obvious: Given the time lapse, Mary now had the de facto status quo going for her even though, technically, it was her OSC to change custody from him to her. For some reason Judge Naughton did not hear the case; rather it was assigned to Judge Monarch, an experienced family law judge who had recently retired. For the hearing, Alan was able to retain counsel (to whom he would eventually pay $25,000). Mary was represented by her current counsel.
The hearing lasted two full days. Alan"s retained counsel managed to place the issue of what is the proper standard in a family law child custody proceeding in the wake of a juvenile court exit order properly before Judge Monarch: Is the proper standard any change of circumstances since the exit order, or is it simply the best interest of the child ab initio, as would be the case if the court were tending to the initial dissolution? Judge Monarch recognized that "it"s an area I"m not clear on" and took the matter under submission.
The statement of decision adopted the model that the case turned on whether there had been a significant change in material circumstances since the February 1997 final family law court judgment, as distinct from the 2006 juvenile court exit order. Using that standard, the trial judge changed primary physical custody of both Thomas and Sarah to Mary, in particular noting, "the pattern of discipline imposed by" Alan "[f]rom and after February, 1997" but only referenced son Thomas. As to Sarah, the statement of decision said that she had "suffered extreme emotional distress" having "witnessed the toxic relationship being developed and maintained between" father and son.
Alan, representing himself in pro per, appealed the order.*fn8 This court, in an unpublished opinion (In re Marriage of Alan T. S. and Mary T. (May 12, 2008, G039262) [nonpub. opn]) reversed the decision to award custody to Mary because the trial judge, as a matter of law, had used the wrong standard to gauge whether there had been a material change of circumstances. The case of In re Marriage of David and Martha M. (2006) 140 Cal.App.4th 96, construing the 2000 enactment of subdivision (d) to section 302 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, had made it reasonably clear that the proper standard in our case would be change of circumstances since the juvenile dependency court's exit order, not change of circumstances since the 1997 initial award of custody to Alan.*fn9
The change-of-custody order had to be reversed, and the case was sent back to the trial court for application of the proper standard.
B. The Skirmishing Prior to the Remanded Custody Hearing
1. Alan Tries to Recover Costs from his Successful Appeal
We are required at this point in the narrative to make a quick digression on the theme of discontinuity in the family law courts, a theme on which this court has had a number of occasions to write. (E.g., Blumenthal v. Superior Court (2006) 137 Cal.App.4th 672 [trial judge needlessly declared mistrial of dissolution simply because she was being re-assigned to a next door domestic violence calendar, thus costing parties thousands of dollars in extra attorney fees]; In re Marriage of Schaffer (1999) 69 Cal.App.4th 801, 809 ["Not counting Judges Stock, Didier and Hutson, who routinely approved stipulations, this case has passed from Rutter to Cox to Knox to Smallwood to Mandel to Woolley to Posey. And not one of these judges ever heard more than one of Ida"s modification requests!"].) It is a theme apparently understood in the Orange County family law department,*fn10 but, as the facts in this case show, the problem persists.
In this case, the first six hearings right after our previous opinion was handed down in Spring 2008 were conducted by Judge Smith. (These hearings took place in the period late May 2008 through mid-July 2008.) After these six hearings, beginning July 25, 2008, Judge Nancy Pollard conducted most of the hearings, though Judge Smith still conducted four hearings since July 25, 2008. Why the case went from Judge Clay to Judge Monarch is not apparent from the record, and why the case went, for a period, back and forth between Judge Pollard and Judge Clay is not apparent from the record furnished us in this proceeding. Meanwhile, what happened to Judge Monarch? It appears that he was disqualified on remand by Alan. (See Code Civ. Proc., § 170.6, subd.(a) (2) ["A motion under this paragraph may be made following reversal on appeal of a trial court"s decision . . . ."].)
In any event, while few pro pers ever prevail on appeal, Alan had beaten the odds. Then again, while Mary had had counsel in her victory at the trial level, she had elected to proceed in pro per herself at the appellate level, so Alan"s victory on appeal wasn"t as if Alan had prevailed against an adversary with counsel. In the wake of remand, Mary retained counsel. After all, given the disparity in the parties respective incomes her counsel would likely be able to obtain an attorney fee award against Alan (more on that below). For his part, Alan began looking for money to retain counsel for himself.
His first effort is the subject of the unpublished companion opinion to this one (G040870).*fn11 Essentially, Alan tried to recover some $3,500 in an attorney fee order also contained in the previously challenged change of custody order. As we explain in the companion opinion, Alan"s failure to challenge the attorney fee order in his prior appeal precluded his later challenge to it in a "motion for restitution" after the appeal. So the trial court properly denied his "motion for restitution."
But Alan had another possibility to scrape up money for an attorney of his own -- recover his costs from the previous appeal. On July 24, 2008, Alan filed a memorandum of costs on appeal (Judicial Council form of California MC-013 (Rev. January 1, 2007)) for $5,915.81. Mary filed, on July 31, 2008, a series of "objections" to each item of Alan"s memorandum of costs, each repeating the statement that "Petitioner has not provided any documentation to evidence this expenditure." No other ground of objection was made at that time.
On August 20, Alan responded with a declaration contending that Mary had missed the deadline for moving to strike or tax costs.
His argument went like this: Under California Rule of Court, rule 8.278 (c)(1), he had 40 days from the remittitur issued July 16, 2008 to file a memorandum of costs on appeal. He easily met that deadline with his filing of the memorandum of costs less than 10 days after the remittitur, on July 24. (Subdivision (c)(1) of rule 8.278 of the California Rules of Court provides: "Within 40 days after the clerk sends notice of issuance of the remittitur, a party claiming costs awarded by a reviewing court must serve and file in the superior court a verified memorandum of costs under rule 3.1700.*fn12
Thus, under rule 8.278 (c)(2), the burden shifted to Mary to file a motion to strike or tax costs "in the manner required" by rule 3.1700. (Subdivision (c)(2) of rule 8.278 provides: "A party may serve and file a motion in the superior court to strike or tax costs claimed under (1) in the manner required by rule 3.1700.")
And, under rule 3.1700 of the California Rules of Court, Mary had 15 days plus time for mailing to file a motion to strike or tax costs from service of the cost memorandum. (Rule 3.1700(b)(1) provides: "(1) Striking and taxing costs [¶] Any notice of motion to strike or to tax costs must be served and filed 15 days after service of the cost memorandum. If the cost memorandum was served by mail, the period is extended as provided in Code of Civil Procedure section 1013.") Thus the time to move to strike or tax costs had clearly expired.
Alan also included in his August 20 declaration photocopies of checks and other receipts documenting the expenditures in his appellate cost bill.
Mary did not file a document using the words "strike/tax costs bill" until September 2, 2008. In that memorandum, Mary sought to strike $2,925.81 from the roughly $5,900 original appellate cost bill, relying solely on section 1033.5 of the Code of Civil Procedure, and most significantly on subdivision (c)(2) of section 1033.5, which allows costs only "reasonably necessary to the conduct of the litigation rather than being merely convenient or beneficial to its preparation."
The statute was important for Mary"s argument, we must point out now, as regards two specific sets of items in Alan"s appellate cost bill:
First, if our math is correct, Mary objected to $1,165 incurred by Alan for reporter"s transcripts included in the record in his prior appeal on the ground that under subdivision (c)(2) of section 1033.5, those particular transcripts were not "reasonably necessary to the conduct of the litigation rather than merely convenient or beneficial to its preparation." The argument was that since Alan had only targeted Judge Monarch"s January 2007 child custody change-of-circumstances hearing on his appeal, any reporter"s transcripts outside of that hearing were not "reasonably necessary to the conduct of the litigation."
Second, Mary also objected to $150.00 that included part of the filing fee for Alan"s reply brief, on the theory that it was "not allowable under" section 1033.5 et seq. Mary"s paperwork did not explain further the basis of this objection, but it appears that she was referring to the binding and color coding of the reply brief in the previous appeal, as well as the filing fee, since binding of briefs is not an item mentioned in the list of 13 allowable cost categories under section 1033.5, subdivisions (a)(1) through (a)(13). (There"s a reason for that, as we shall soon see.)
In contrast to Mary"s memorandum, which relied solely on section 1033.5, Alan"s reply cited the rules of court (including 8.278 and 3.1700) specifically governing costs on appeal.
Judge Pollard, in a hearing on September 16, 2008, stripped all $2,529.81 from the cost bill as requested by Mary. Judge Pollard also made the order payable in installments at the rate of $150 a month.
2. Mary Goes for An Attorney Fee Award
In preparation for the remanded hearing, Mary sought pendente lite attorney fees, essentially based on the nominal income disparity between her and Alan. As we said, Alan is a law librarian at a big firm in Century City.*fn13 According to his income and expense declaration, he makes $8,333.33 per month gross before taxes. Mary works as a family court clerk in Reno Nevada, making $5,135 per month before taxes. (These are certainly not all the facts bearing on the "circumstances" of the parties as regards a proper equalization of attorney resources. We shall deal with other circumstances when we reach the merits of Alan"s challenge in part III.A.2. of this opinion, below.)
On September 16, the trial court awarded $9,000 in attorney fees made payable from Alan to Mary, at the rate of $300 per month.
3. This Writ of Mandate Proceeding
About three weeks later, on October 7, 2008, Alan filed, still in pro per, this petition for writ of mandate (G041034) challenging both the trial court"s orders of September 16 (1) reducing his costs of appeal by about $3,000 as well as (2) awarding $9,000 in attorney fees against him. Because both issues went to the issue of whether Alan would be able to afford a lawyer to present his side of the story in the upcoming hearing on child custody, this court granted a request to stay all proceedings pending our determination of the writ petition. We subsequently requested a formal response from Mary and, pursuant to an OSC, scheduled oral argument on Alan"s petition.
A. The Pendente Lite Fee Order
1. No Adequate Remedy by Way of Appeal
One might say, off hand, that since a pendente lite attorney fee order is a classic instance of a "collateral matter," it is appealable and this court should exercise its discretion to decline review. But, as we have noted, everywhere Alan turned after remand resulted in an order making it difficult, and perhaps impossible, to hire a lawyer.
We need only point out that, of all issues, child custody is perhaps the most time-sensitive (and hence least amenable to an adequate remedy by way of appeal) since time in a child"s life can never be recovered. (See Zenide v. Superior Court (1994) 22 Cal.App.4th 1287, 1293 [even though order was appealable as collateral matter, appeal was not adequate remedy because children had been deprived of contact with one parent for about three years and it was "imperative that this matter be resolved as expeditiously as possible"].) Indeed, if an order involving a bad relationship between a motorcycle dealer and a motorcycle manufacturer requires writ relief because the passage of time in that relationship cannot be recovered (see Kawasaki Motors Corp. v. Superior Court (2000) 85 Cal.App.4th 200, 205-206), a fortiori the upcoming custody hearing should be conducted under the fairest possible circumstances. Here, because of the interrelationship between the order and Alan"s ability to obtain counsel for the main event, and the fact that no appeal would be decided prior to that event (the upcoming child custody hearing) we deem the normal (slow) appellate procedure to be inadequate.
2. The Statutory Need to Consider the Relevant Circumstances
a. The $9,000 Order
Statutory authority for pendente lite attorney fee orders in family law cases is found in Family Code section 2030.*fn14 Section 2030 applies to orders pending post-judgment matters, such as change-of-custody proceedings, just as much as it applies to litigation leading up to the initial trial of the family law case.
It may be a little surprising to some, but the purpose of section 2030 is not the redistribution of money from the greater income party to the lesser income party. Its purpose is parity: a fair hearing with two sides equally represented. The idea is that both sides should have the opportunity to retain counsel, not just (as is usually the case) only the party with greater financial strength. (See In re Marriage of Keech, supra, 75 Cal.App.4th at p. 866 ["""California"s public policy in favor of expeditious and final resolution of marital dissolution actions is best accomplished by providing at the outset of litigation, consistent with the financial circumstances of the parties, a parity between spouses in their ability to obtain effective legal representation.""" (quoting Droeger v. Friedman, Sloan & Ross (1991) 54 Cal.3d 26, 41, fn. 12)].)
That preference for parity is expressed in both subdivision (a)(1) of section 2030, with its statement of purpose that "the court shall ensure that each party has access to legal representation to preserve each party"s rights" (italics added), and in a companion statute, section 2032, subdivision (b), which announces the goal of enabling "each party, to the extent practical, to have sufficient financial resources to present the party"s case adequately." (Italics added.)*fn15
However, by providing for orders to pay money so that one"s adversary can afford an attorney, there is the paradoxical possibility that a court may effectively deprive the paying party of the ability to present his or her own case. That actually happened in In re Marriage of Keech, supra, 75 Cal.App.4th at pp. 866-871, which, despite an abuse of discretion standard of review, reversed a pendente lite attorney and accountant fee order for that very reason.
In Keech, a pendente lite fee order required the husband to pay fees at $500 a month, leaving him a total of $593 a month to live on. The appellate court reversed the order, in a case where the husband"s gross monthly income was $5,405, his support payments were $1,468 a month, and his taxes and rent took up the balance beyond the $593. (Keech, supra, 75 Cal.App.4th at p. 867.) In short, he had nothing left to pay for fees for himself.
The appellate court in Keech specifically noted the absence of any "consideration" for the husband"s needs to pay his own fees. Said the court: "As to the prospective $500 monthly payments of wife"s attorney fees, while it could perhaps be argued that leaving husband $593 a month after court-ordered obligations, taxes and rent might be equitable under the parties" strained circumstances, the record does not sufficiently reflect, for example, any consideration of the husband"s needs to pay his own outstanding legal fees during that period. Yet the court in making the order was required to "take into consideration the need for the award to enable each party, to the extent practical, to have sufficient financial resources to present the party"s case adequately." (§ 2032, subd. (b).)" (Keech, supra, 75 Cal.App.4th at p. 868, italics in original.)
A word on the "expense" side of income and expense declarations is now in order. Since expenses are (with very few exceptions, e.g., § 4071), irrelevant for child support, it is perhaps too easy for family law judges to dismiss the expenses on the income and expense declaration in other contexts, such as here, in the context of a requested pendente lite attorney fee order.
But to do so is error. Expenses are relevant to pendent lite attorney fee orders. Section 2032, subdivision (b), states that "the court shall take into consideration the need for the award to enable each party, to the extent practical, to have sufficient financial resources to present the party"s case adequately, taking into consideration, to the extent relevant, the circumstances of the respective parties described in Section 4320." (Italics added.)
Section 4320 presents a near-exhaustive list of factors that are to go into a spousal support award, and a party"s expenses (under the headings of "obligations and assets") are among them. (§ 4320, subd. (e); see also subd. (k) ["balance of the hardships to each party"].) To be sure, not all section 4320 factors will be relevant all the time (hence the "to the extent relevant" language in section 2032). But obviously a number of section 4320 factors will usually bear on a pendente lite fee order. These surely include earning capacity (subd. (a)); ability to pay, taking into account such things as assets and standard of living (subd. (c)); respective needs (subd. (d)); obligations and assets (subd. (e)); age and health (subd. (h)); and the overall balance of hardships (subd. (k)).*fn16
Section 2032, subdivision (b) further tells courts that: "Financial resources are only one factor for the court to consider in determining how to apportion the overall cost of the litigation equitably between the parties under their relative circumstances."
Reading section 2032 together with section 4320, one cannot escape the idea that a pendente lite fee award should be the product of a nuanced process in which the trial court should try to get the "big picture" of the case, i.e., "the relative circumstances of the respective parties" as the statute puts it. (§ 2032, subd. (a).)
Conversely, determination of a pendente lite attorney fee order is definitely not a truncated process where the trial court simply (a) ascertains which party has the higher nominal income relative to the other, and then (b) massages the fee request of the lesser-income party into some manageable amount that feels like it will pass an abuse of discretion test.
While no particular language is required in an order awarding attorney fees under sections 2030 and 2032, the record (including, but not limited, to the order itself), must reflect an actual exercise of discretion and a consideration of the statutory factors in the exercise of that discretion. (See In re Marriage of Cheriton (2001) 92 Cal.App.4th 269, 315 [""the record must reflect that the trial court actually exercised" its discretion in "fashioning a need-based fee award""] In re Marriage of Braud (1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 797, 827 [source of quote from Cheriton]; In re Marriage of Lynn (2002) 101 Cal.App.4th 120, 133-134 [quoting Cheriton and reversing because trial court "failed to consider the appropriate statutory factors in determining" how much payor spouse should pay each month].)
In the present case, however, the trial court took the truncated approach, and the record certainly does not show consideration of any number of the relevant factors bearing on this case. These include: Alan"s $800 plus a month deficit, apparently financed by credit cards (cf. § 4320, subs. (a), (c), & (e)); the total assets of the parties, including whether either of them has any equity in the houses in which they currently live (cf. § 4320, subds. (c) & (e)); the inability of Alan to be able to afford to see his children (he hasn"t seen them since Judge Monarch made the order switching custody -- talk about balance of hardships); the apparent fact that Alan had already spent all of his liquid assets ($25,000) on an attorney; Alan"s $1,800 a month child support payments; and the new mate or "significant other" income of each party. (Mary has a new spouse, Alan has a non-marital partner). We should add here that while new mate or partner income is generally irrelevant in child support matters (see § 4057.5, subd. (a)(2)), it is not statutorily irrelevant in pendente lite fee orders. (New mate income usually doesn"t come up in spousal support matters because most support awards end on re-marriage. But it does come up when an ex-spouse cohabits with someone, and in that context it is relevant, see In re Marriage of Geraci (2006) 144 Cal.App.4th 1278, 1298 [relevant because of possible economies of scale].) The expansive language of section 2032 -- the "relevant circumstances of the respective parties" -- also shows it is certainly relevant for fee awards.
Further, and with a nod to section 2032, subdivision (b)"s admonition that financial resources are only "one factor" for consideration, there is in the case before us a strong indication that Mary has incurred fees that were not reasonably necessary. (See Rutter Group Family Law Treatise, supra, 5:184.1. pp. 5-79 to 5-80.) ["Although application of the relative circumstances standard (above) may warrant a pendente lite fees and cost award, the amount is limited by a "reasonably necessary" standard (Fam. C. § 2030(a), ¶ 5:182). An award measured summarily by what the applicant has been billed or what his or her attorney is presently owed is an abuse of discretion if it does not reflect consideration of whether the fees allegedly incurred were reasonably necessary."].)
The clearest instance of unreasonable over-litigation happened right under the eyes of this court. When Alan filed his first writ (G040870), this court asked for a simple "informal response." What we got was a bit more than "informal": a red-cover bound, 24-page, very formal and quite polished opposition.
Another instance was the opposition to a hardship deduction based on the recent birth of Alan"s daughter. The hardship deduction took four hearings.
Thus it is not surprising that, at the September 16 hearing for pendente lite attorney fees, Mary"s counsel asked for a grossly unconscionable $35,000 attorney fee order, presumably on the theory that there was no harm in asking for an inflated sum that would inevitably be reduced; open with an outrageous offer, as some negotiators are wont to do.
There was, in short, much the trial court should have explored, but did not. Which leads us to the issue of the "Reiflerization"*fn17 of the hearing. That is, Mary"s OSC for expenses was heard without any testimony, strictly on declarations (pretty much only the income and expense declarations). To be sure, Alan certainly indicated a desire to call Mary to the stand to ask her questions about her earning capacity,*fn18 but the issue got sidetracked in his hapless pro per sort of way.*fn19 Apparently finding the attempt to call Mary to the stand futile, Alan also sought to call her attorney in an effort to explore the issue of Mary"s income by other means, and that effort was rejected.*fn20 The bottom line is that no live testimony was taken and the matter was decided strictly on the income and expense declarations.
The recent Elkins case dealt with a similar problem of live testimony as distinct from proceeding solely on declarations. In Elkins, a local rule of the Contra Costa Superior Court pretty much made it impossible for family law litigants to present oral testimony in the trials of family law matters. The rule had a particularly devastating impact on a pro per litigant in that case, who found himself practically defaulted, unable to present his case with oral testimony, and the result was a division of property "substantially reflecting" his adversary"s proposed order. (See Elkins, supra, 41 Cal.4th at p. 1350.) Our Supreme Court had no trouble striking down the local rule, sending the case back for a re-do so that the pro per might actually be able to introduce admissible evidence, as distinct from the hearsay of declarations.
There is much that the present case has in common with Elkins. Both cases center on a pro per haplessly bumbling through his own litigation. But there is one difference: The Elkins court took some pains (e.g., Elkins, supra, 41 Cal.4th at pp. 1355 [noting statutory exception to hearsay rule for motion matters], 1362-1363 [distinguishing motions from trials], 1363 [noting established distinction "between hearings at which a judgment is entered, and hearings on postjudgment motions"]) to confine its holding to family law trials, as distinct from OSCs or motions.*fn21 Technically, the trial court was not, unlike the situation in Elkins, required to take oral evidence.
But just because live testimony may not be automatically required does not mean it may not be an abuse of discretion to refuse it if the peculiar facts of a given case require it.
Ironically -- ironic since the usual idea that family courts can dispense with live testimony tends to be synonymous with the name of the Reifler case -- the original Reifler case made it quite clear, even as regards a motion or an OSC, that an a priori preclusion of oral testimony is an abuse of discretion, and will result in a reversal with directions to do it again with live testimony. The actual facts of Reifler were that a group of post-judgment motions and OSCs were before the trial court, and the trial court told the parties that, pursuant to local court policy, the parties had the option of keeping trial time down to only one day or just submitting on the moving papers. (Reifler, supra, 39 Cal.App.3d at p.482.) Then the trial court dared counsel for the wife to test the local court policy by writ petition. She accepted (id. at p. 483), and the result was an opinion holding that reliance upon the local policy, rather than an intelligent application of trial court discretion, was error, and in fact the case was sent back to hear oral testimony. (Id. at p. 485.)
We apply the actual rule from Reifler to the writ proceeding before us. We cannot forget the statutory nature of the present case. Under sections 2030 and 2032, a pendente lite fee order requires, as we have explained, a coming to grips by the trial court with the totality of circumstances bearing on a fee order, not just a quick ascertainment of whose income is higher (the "only one factor" language from section 2032). Perhaps a court can indeed get the big picture on papers alone. But in any event that didn"t happen here. In a case of so many unanswered questions -- e.g., don"t either of the parties have any equity in their homes? what is Alan living on? why is there no money for visitation with the children? what is the true nature of Mary"s finances? is she really renting out horses? were four hearings on the hardship deduction really necessary? -- this was not the case to proceed on an unwritten policy of papers alone.
Of course, we must hasten to add that not all pendente lite fee requests require oral testimony. (See Elkins, supra, 41 Cal.4th at p. 1355 [noting that section 2009 of Code of Civil Procedure "permits courts to rely upon affidavits in certain motion matters"].) This particular case before us, however, does, because of the multitude of unaddressed factors in the context of a contemplated hearing in the wake of a reversal of a child custody order. Per Keech, we must send this caseback for a reconsideration of the basic circumstances of the parties. Per Reifler, we send it back for reconsideration taking live testimony.
b. The $300 Monthly Installments
The case must therefore go back for a re-do, one where the trial court can get a bigger picture of this litigation. We can observe, however, that making the fee order payable in $300 installments seems, on first impression on this admittedly incomplete record, reasonable under the circumstances. (Cf. In re Marriage of Schulze (1997) 60 Cal.App.4th 519, 531-532 [approving total fee order but holding that making it payable all at once was abuse of discretion]; Rutter Group Family Law Treatise, supra, ¶ 5:184.2, p. 5-80 ["The total amount of a fee-shifting order may be appropriate in light of the parties" "relative circumstances" (parties" income disparities and obligor"s greater earning capacity, etc.), yet an abuse of discretion if the timing or method of the payment obligation (whether lump-sum or by installments) puts an unreasonable burden on the obligor in light of his or her own cash-flow situation (support obligations, personal living expenses, and own attorney fees.]")
However, we stress that because of the statutory requirement of sections 2030 and 2032 to get the big picture, what seems reasonable on an incomplete record may not be so reasonable on a complete one.
B. The Reduction of Appellate Costs
1. No Adequate Remedy By Way of Appeal
From the record we do have, it appears that whatever money Alan had to spend on an attorney was spent at the first hearing, which resulted in his paying $25,000 to his previous attorney. There is, however, the $3,000 that the trial court cut from his appellate costs, an amount that might at least serve as the basis for a retainer. Since the statutory goal is that each party have representation, we address the issue of that $3,000 as integral to the question of whether Alan can obtain representation at the upcoming child custody hearing.
2. A Rather Esoteric Problem Concerning Appellate Costs
Statutory authority for the award of costs after litigation is found in sections 1032 through 1038 of the Code of Civil Procedure. The context of section 1032 -- using language that speaks of plaintiffs, defendants and prevailing parties being those with a "net monetary recovery" -- implies that the statute is directed at the trial court. So does the context of section 1033, with its reference to a party recovering a judgment. Section 1033.5, which is a list of what is, and is not, allowable as a cost, similarly is trial court-oriented, with items exclusively related to trial proceedings (e.g., references to jury fees, taking depositions, process servers, etc.). It was section 1033.5 on which Mary entirely relied in filing her September 2 motion to strike/tax costs. Indeed, as noted, the most obvious "appellate cost" -- the filing of briefs -- is not mentioned at all in section 1033.5.
Thus the very language and context of section 1033.5 indicates that it does not govern costs on appeal.
Moreover, another statute -- section 1034, subdivision (b) -- tells us specifically what law governs costs on appeal. It is the law set forth in the California Rules of Court: Section 1034, subdivision (b) states: "The Judicial Council shall establish by rule allowable costs on appeal and the procedure for claiming those costs." (Italics added.)
In short, section 1033.5 with its list of what is "allowable as costs" and the procedure for claiming or opposing them is not where we should look. Under section 1034, subdivision (b) we look to the rules of court. Thus Mary"s main argument, namely that the trial court had the power to strike costs "forbidden by statute" (with its minor premise that appellate costs not "necessary" to the appeal are forbidden by statute, even if those costs are specifically included in rule 8.278(d)(1)) is not persuasive.
Rule 8.278 is the rule directly governing costs on appeal, and it directs the reader to the procedure set out in rule 3.1700 for obtaining or resisting costs on appeal. Rule 3.1700(b)(1) is clear that a party resisting a memorandum of costs must file a motion to strike or tax costs within 15 days of the filing of the memorandum of costs. In fact, rule 3.1700(b)(4) provides that "After the time has passed for a motion to strike or tax costs or for a determination of that motion, the clerk must immediately enter the costs on the judgment." (Italics added.) There is not a lot of forgiveness for missing the deadline there.
Clearly, Mary allowed the 15-day deadline in rule 3.1700 to elapse unless we were to deem her "objections" filed on July 31, 2008 to be the equivalent of a motion to strike or tax costs under rule 3.1700(b)(1).
Which, under the rule that substance trumps form, we should indeed do. We may treat Mary"s objections, filed July 31, 2008, as a motion to tax costs; indeed, each item in her objections filed July 31, 2008 corresponded to each successive line of Alan"s cost memorandum. Authority for such treatment is found is rule 3.1700 (b)(2), which governs the "Form of motion." This rule provides for such seriatim objections as Mary filed: "(2) Form of motion [¶] Unless objection is made to the entire cost memorandum, the motion to strike or tax costs must refer to each item objected to by the same number and appear in the same order as the corresponding cost item claimed on the memorandum of costs and must state why the item is objectionable."
We thus conclude that Mary"s memorandum of July 31, 2008, quacked enough like a duck to be classified as a motion to strike or tax costs.
But that does not end the analysis of whether the trial court"s reduction of Alan"s memorandum of costs by $3,000 was correct. The sole basis for each of the objections filed July 31 was lack of documentation.
The issue of lack of documentation for appellate costs, however, was dealt with in Bach v. County of Butte (1989) 215 Cal.App.3d 294, where the court said that documentation is not necessary to submission of a memorandum of costs on appeal: "There was no requirement that copies of bills, invoices, statements or any other such documents be attached to the memorandum as the Bachs have erroneously suggested. To the contrary, a properly verified memorandum of costs is considered prima facie evidence that the costs listed in the memorandum were necessarily incurred. [Citation.] Documentation must be submitted only when a party dissatisfied with the costs claimed in the memorandum challenges them by filing a motion to tax costs." (Id. at p. 308.)
Thus, under Bach, Mary properly challenged the veracity of Alan"s memorandum of appellate costs, but nothing else. And Alan met that challenge with subsequent documentation. Thus the trial court thereafter did not find that Alan"s costs were not really incurred.
Rather, the trial court relied on assertions of error under section 1033.5 made in Mary"s September 2, 2008 memorandum.
And that itself was error, in at least two ways. First, the September 2, 2008 memorandum was clearly untimely. Considering it effectively gave Mary considerably more time than the California Rules of Court allowed her to file a motion to strike or taX costs. In that regard, we think it would be intellectually dishonest to consider Mary"s untimely September 2, 2008 memorandum as a mere "amendment" of her timely July 31, 2008 memorandum. The grounds in the September 2, 2008 memorandum were wholly distinct and independent of the grounds in the July 31, 2008 memorandum. Any other result would allow a party merely to file a piece of paper within the section 3.1700(b)(1) deadline, and, no matter how frivolous the ground of objection, cure it at its leisure.*fn22
Second, as we have seen, section 1033.5 is a trial court rule, and should be confined to the trial court context, so the trial court"s reliance on section 1033.5, subdivision (c)(2) was misplaced. Rule 8.278(d)(2), in direct contrast to section 1033.5, subdivision (c)(2), makes no reference to necessity as a fact in what part of the appellate record is recoverable as a cost. The rule says, "The amount the party paid for any portion of the record," which suggests that, indeed, "any portion" of the record is recoverable. (The exception is: "The cost to copy parts of a prior record" and there was no "prior record" in this case.)
This reading of rule 8.278(d)(2) makes particular sense when one realizes that the sanctions for including unnecessary material in the appellate record are specifically committed to the appellate court, on its motion or a motion of a party in the appellate court. Rule 8.276(a) provides: "On motion of a party or its own motion, a Court of Appeal may impose sanctions, including the award or denial of costs under rule 8.278, on a party or an attorney for: . . . . (2) Including in the record any matter not reasonably material to the appeal"s determination . . . ." In short, it is the appellate court who decides what is and is not "reasonably necessary" to an appeal.
To the degree that Alan might arguably have not needed reporter"s transcripts from hearings other than the January 2007 hearing where he lost custody of his children, it was a matter for this court on our own motion, or for Mary on hers, to bring to our attention in the course of the appeal. Neither applies.
Finally, on the merits of the reasonably-necessary-for-the-appeal argument we observe (technically, this is dicta) that, in the prior appeal we appreciated having those "extra" reporter"s transcripts in the record. That supposedly unnecessary material told the story of this litigation in all its warts and glory (here, mostly warts), and gave us a sense of what was happening "on the ground" at the trial level. Indeed, usually pro per appellants lose on appeal because they don"t include reporter"s transcripts in the record; by contrast able appellate counsel usually err on the side of inclusion rather than exclusion. It is quite ironic that Alan, as a pro per appellant, was penalized at the trial court for overinclusion.*fn23
In sum, the trial court erred in taxing the memorandum of costs down to $2,990 from its original figure of $5,915.81.
Finally, there is the matter of the installment payments. Unlike a pendente lite order to pay money so that a party can afford an attorney, costs on appeal are not a matter of equity. Rule 3.1700(b)(4) treats costs on appeal as a money judgment, in which the clerk enters as a ministerial matter. The rule says: "After the time has passed for a motion to strike or tax costs or for a determination of that motion, the clerk must immediately enter the costs on the judgment." We therefore conclude that the trial judge had no authority to make the installments payable in increments.
There is a Dickensian quality to the litigation between Alan and Mary, but, alas, the facts are no more horrendous than those confronted by our Supreme Court in Elkins: Both cases involve pro pers thrashing around in an alien environment, where a local court had, as Elkins put it, elevated "efficiency and conservation of judicial resources" over "the countervailing interests of litigants as well as the interest of the public in being afforded access to justice." (Elkins, supra, 41 Cal.4th at p. 1353.)
In each case, unfortunately, the motto "justice for all" has come perilously close to "justice for those who can afford it."*fn24
That said, the existing stay is dissolved. Let a writ issue commanding the trial court to vacate its order of September 16, 2008, and to enter another order directing a judgment for costs of $5,915.91 in Alan"s favor. The $9,000 attorney fee order is reversed, with directions to the trial court to hold another hearing to consider all relevant matters affecting Mary"s fee request, including the taking of live testimony. Alan shall recover his costs in this writ proceeding.
Hopefully, now Alan will be able to retain counsel and the upcoming child custody hearing will be a contest of two sides each represented by able counsel.
Moreover, in line with our point that Alan did not have an adequate remedy for either of his two challenges by way of appeal, let us be very detailed about what we expect on remand. The whole point of this case, after all, is that each side should have an equal opportunity for legal representation in the upcoming child custody hearing.
In that regard, we do not expect this case to be handled "business as usual." Business as usual, as both Judge Firmat"s perceptive article suggests,*fn25 and the facts of this very case confirm, has not served this family very well. Thus, to be meaningful, the custody hearing should be held well prior to the commencement of the 2009-2010 academic year, so that if the children (or one of them) must change residences, there will be some continuity as to his, her or their schooling. Since Mary"s OSC for attorney fees is "preparatory" to the custody hearing, the trial court should work backword in scheduling that OSC: First schedule the child custody hearing in reasonable time for the beginning of school, then schedule Mary"s remanded OSC for attorney fees sufficiently prior to the child custody hearing so there can be a meaningful hearing regarding attorney fees consistent with what we have directed in this opinion.
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diy pocket invitations
If you searching for DIY invitation online ? Why not try to see this diy pocket invitations , These images are probably what you need. There are 17 extra ideas about diy pocket invitations on this post. You can create your own DIY invitation based on what you find here.Experiment is the key to make perfect DIY invitation. The right selection for the materials and color is very vital. Your DIY invitation will look attractive when you pay attention for that two factors.This site is the best place to download invitation template online.Find all diy pocket invitations in this post gallery. We hope that this diy pocket invitations will inspire you to create some new template styles of DIY invitation! you can download all invitation on this site for free!


text: È_ COURTNEY + COSMO // MAYFAIR LIBRARY & HYDE PARK // VINTAGE PICNIC WEDDING PHOTOGRAPHY IN LONDON This wedding was put together in just two weeks with less than £400 and was simply amazing! The ceremony took place inView full post » Boho wedding photography – Styled shoot – festival feather headdresses I absolutely LOVE LOVE LOVE boho festival weddings and I was so excited about being involved with this shoot. IView full post » Baby Jude – London Baby Photographer I literally haven't blogged in ages and I have so many shoots to share with you and I'm kinda doing thisView full post » Baby Iris – Lifestyle Baby Photography – London On the 1st January of this year I met the gorgeous little baby Iris. Yeah my New Years was wild ok! (It wasn't).View full post » Creative, quirky & fun alternative London Wedding & Lifestyle Photographer covering London & the Home Counties + the rest of the WORLD!


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Bahian Spicy Shrimp
Total Time
Prep 10 mins
Cook 20 mins
This is a recipe from Northern Brazil. Use your own taste to determine how spicy you want it...
Ingredients Nutrition
- 2 lbs large shrimp, peeled and cleaned
- 1 large yellow onion, finely chopped
- 2 teaspoons paprika
- 2 tablespoons palm oil or 2 tablespoons other vegetable oil
- 4 garlic cloves, minced
- 1 teaspoon coriander
- 1 teaspoon thyme
- 1⁄4 cup chopped fresh parsley
- 1⁄2 cup chopped fresh cilantro
- 1 -3 finely chopped dried red chili pepper (you pick how spicy you want this)
- 1 teaspoon black pepper
- 1⁄2 cup finely chopped walnuts
- 4 large tomatoes, chopped
- 1 cup chopped broccoli
- 1 (14 ounce) can coconut milk
- 2 tablespoons lemon juice
- Heat oil in a skillet over medium heat and cook onions and paprika until onions are transparent.
- Mix in garlic, coriander, thyme, parsley, cilantro, chilies, pepper and walnuts.
- Cook for 3-5 minutes, then add lemon juice and tomatoes.
- Mix and cook for 5 minutes.
- Add broccoli, coconut milk, and shrimp.
- Cook for about 5 minutes (until shrimp and broccoli are done).
- Serve over rice.
Most Helpful
This is a FANTASTIC recipe. It turned out great and everyone loved it. I didn't use the walnuts or the broccoli, and added a few splashes of riesling wine, some cajun seasonings for a little spice and a lot more garlic. Dipped crusty bread into the sauce and it was delicious!!
I made this as an appetiser for a Brazilian themed dinner. It was a big hit. Everyone asked for the recipe. Highly recomended.
Thanks for posting this interesting dish, was ok .First time using coconut milk. I found this rather bland, but I didnt use fresh items as indicated, may be the cause.


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The Meaning of TTMNR
You have found the definitive source for the meaning of TTMNR. This page contains all the definitions of TTMNR, crowd sourced, moderated and curated by real people who care about the true definitions of TTMNR.
The Top Definition of TTMNR
The most popular meaning of TTMNR is: Take The Money aNd Run
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There are no other definitions for TTMNR at this time. Add your own definition of TTMNR.
What is TTMNR?
TTMNR is Take The Money aNd Run
TTMNR Means
The definition of TTMNR is "Take The Money aNd Run".
TTMNR Definition
The meaning of TTMNR
TTMNR means Take The Money aNd Run.
Now you understand the definition of TTMNR - TTMNR means "Take The Money aNd Run".
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What does TTMNR mean? TTMNR is an acronym, abbreviation or slang word that is explained above. If you ever forget what TTMNR means, just come back to Slang.org and we'll define any acronym you need help with.


text:
- Description
DetailsProGrip, renowned supplier of high-quality handlebar grips, now also offers these gloves. The black mechanics gloves are a comfortable fit and with the rubber-coated fingertips, they offer perfect grip if you're tinkering about with your scoot. For the test ride afterwards, we recommend wearing the black/grey scooter gloves. Due to their slightly padded palm, they have a pleasant surface and the back of the hand is also reinforced along the fingers.
Scooter, type 4011, black, size S
- Additional Information
Name Scooter gloves ProGrip, type 4011, black, size S Item No. PG4011S Brand ProGrip Clothing Type Gloves Colour grey / white / black Size S Season Summer
- Reviews


text:
NMT Workshops
Can You Recommend Me - Asking for and writing letters of recommendation (October 13, 2006). See also: Letters of Recommendation workbook.
Other resources:
o JobWeb's Resumes and Interviews page
o How to Write Reference Letters (NACEWeb)
o Legal Principles Involved With Reference Letters (NACEWeb)
From Idea To Funding and Beyond - Grant Proposal Development (April 14, 2005; links lead to available Power Point Presentations. A DVD of this workshop is available for viewing.)
o New Mexico Alliance for Graduate Education and the Professoriate - an introduction by Lisa Majkowski-Taylor
o Finding Funding Sources - Lisa Majkowski-Taylor
o Addressing the RFP - Dr. Lorie Liebrock, Computer Science
o The Realities of Routing - Stephany Moore, Research Services Manager. See also Proposal Routing and Tracking Procedures
o Nuts and Bolts of Grant Writing - Dr. Julie Dyke Ford, Humanities and Dr. Lynda Walsh, Humanities
o Proposal Reviewers Panel - Drs. Michelle Creech-Eakman (Physics), Lorie Liebrock (Computer Science), Harold Tobin (Earth & Envr. Sci,), and David Westpfahl (Physics)
o Dealing with Reviewers' Comments - What to do When Your Proposal is Rejected - Dr. Sue Bilek, Earth and Envr. Sci.
o Keys to Post Acceptance Success - Jane Adams, Restricted Funds Research Accountant
NMT Experts Helping Address Illegal Fishing in Indonesia
NMT Experts Helping Address Illegal Fishing in Indonesia ICASA Computer Scientists Drafted for 'Intelligence Fusion Exercise' SOCORRO, N.M. – New Mexico Tech scientists will be developing new tech...
Introducing Danielle Richards, Macey Scholar
Introducing Danielle Richards, Macey Scholar Professors Praise Her Commitment To Help Others This is the fourth of four profiles of the 2016-17 Macey Scholars. This award is named for 1942 Tech gr...
Chamber Music Series Highlights Piano
Chamber Music Series Highlights Piano SOCORRO – Piano takes center stage in the upcoming Presidential Chamber Music Series at New Mexico Tech. Willy Sucre and Friends will perform at ...
Tech Rugby Team Finishes Season in Style
Tech Rugby Team Finishes Season in Style Ruggers Demolish The Chiles 73-5 in Las Cruces LAS CRUCES, N.M. – The New Mexico Tech Rugby Club closed their fall campaign with a comprehen...
Introducing Anthony Milana, Macey Scholar
Introducing Anthony Milana, Macey Scholar Academic Standout Has Taken The Road Less Traveled This is the fourth of four profiles of the 2016-17 Macey Scholars. This award is named for 19...


text:
Singer: Rob Zombie
Song: Medication For The Melancholy
Rob-Zombie-Medication-For-The-Melancholy.srt Subtitle (.SRT)
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You can use the Kripto Video Protector & Media Player
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Subtitle may need a correction, you can send a correction to info [@] rentanadviser.com, or you can create your own subtitle
by using the Subtitle Maker for Music videos (free) application.
When you download subtitle or lyrics file you should rename them as video or audio file name such as
Video File or audio file:
Rob Zombie - Medication For The Melancholy.MP4
Rob Zombie - Medication For The Melancholy.MP3
Subtitle or Lyrics file:
After rename subtitle or lyrics file:
Rob Zombie - Medication For The Melancholy.MP3
Rob Zombie - Medication For The Melancholy.MP4
Rob Zombie - Medication For The Melancholy.srt
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in this way when you play media file, subtitle or lyrics file will be automatically displayed no extra work is needed.
You can download Subtitles (Caption) of YouTube videos as *.srt subtitle format.
You can create subtitles (*.SRT) from asynchronous lyrics for your Music videos
Download Music, Video and subtitle from YouTube, YouTube to MP3 converter
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detected by the player like image shown below.
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text:
- Worldwide Rank #83,134,375
- Follower/Following Ratio 0.4
- Daily New Followers 0
Yoselyn Maillard Twitter Stats
@003107d304f943f - Tracking Yoselyn Maillard Twitter profile since February 21, 2015
san cristobal
Yoselyn Maillard Tweets
@003107d304f943f has posted 0 tweets in the last 2 days, which translates to an average of 0.0 tweets per day.
Yoselyn Maillard Twitter Followers
@003107d304f943f has 36 followers on Twitter.
This account is #83,134,375 in the worldwide rank of the most popular Twitter users.
Yoselyn Maillard Following on Twitter
@003107d304f943f is following 91 Twitter accounts.
Last month this account followed 3 users.
Yoselyn Maillard Predictions & Milestones
@003107d304f943f will hit 36 followers in the next 3 months, and 36 in one year.
You are on Yoselyn Maillard's Twitter stats page
We track these Twitter stats since February 21, 2015 . You can see how many followers Yoselyn Maillard lost or gained and what the prediction is for tomorrow or the next 15 days, together with all kinds of other stats like rank compared to all Twitter users, tweets etc.
Why don't you give it a try and compare Yoselyn Maillard to yourself ? Or if you are Yoselyn Maillard get even more feature rich & up-to-date stats with our premium Twitter Stats.
Twitter Counter is the #1 Twitter stats site powered by Twitter. It all started in June 12, 2008 and we grew rather rapidly because of our Twitter Counter badge. The button is a nice small image that shows your visitors how many followers you have on Twitter. Within a year the button was on many many blogs around the world and we displayed more than 100 million buttons in one month. We track follower stats for over 180 million users now.


text:
Item# 1433
Simplicity Pattern 1433 Toddlers' and Child's Project Runway Dresses
Ships To: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guyana, Hungary, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States, and Uruguay Only
Product Actions
Additional Information
Be your own designer with dresses for toddlers and children inspired by Project Runway. Dresses feature full skirt, tulle ruffle, scoop neck with collar or V-neckline, option of bow at waist and trim variations. Simplicity sewing pattern.


text:
It's easy to share your experiences. Your family may be far away, but you can still see and hear them clearly, with this webcam's VGA video and built-in microphone.
Hear More Clearly: Microphone produces quality audio.
See More Detail: VGA video sensor for a clear image. Camera auto-adjusts for low-light conditions for the best video possible.
Universal Attachment Base: Works on your desktop, laptop or notebook.
Easy to use: Set up in minutes with Plug and Play.
Broad IM Compatibility: Basic video and audio functionality with Windows Live Messenger, AOL Instant Messenger, Yahoo! Messenger, Microsoft Office Communicator, Skype.
Effective 1st April 2015, all goods and services may be subjected to GST 6% upon checkout.
subscribe and get special promotion updates
MCIL Multimedia Sdn.Bhd.(515740-D)
Copyright ©2016,Mykris Net MSC.
All Rights Reserved.


text:
Gender: Girl
Meaning: Full of Grace and Lily
Origin: Hindi, Indian
Religion: Hindu
Analilia is a Hindu Girl name, meaning of the name is Full of Grace and Lily and origin of the name is Hindi, Indian. This name is mostly used in Hindu.
If you select the name Analilia for your baby, Congratulations! But if you don't like Analilia then please continue searching our site.
External References
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text:
Gray Matters by Stuart Carlson and Jerry Resler
- November 16, 2012
- From Beginning
- Previous feature
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Comments (4) (Please sign in to comment)
These guys don't know how fortunate they are.
My wife was a paralegal with accounting training; I am poor at math, but can do that math. I know grocery prices because we do that together.
It's like Eddie Murphy said, Women rule because "they have half the money and all the p***y"
Night Gaunt: Because keeping them out of advanced math keeps them out of the high-paying jobs in accounting, science, computer design, and similar jobs. It is like discouraging voting: shrink the pool and the old boy network can continue to rule. A few still manage to sneak through: Ida Lovelace, Maria Mitchell, Marie Curie, and a much larger bunch in the 20th century. Maybe there is more hope in the 21st.
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text:
LEGO House 4956 Reviews
- Other Building Sets & Blocks:
- Average: 4.5
- High: 5.0
- Type:
- Building Sets, Building Sets & Blocks
- Brand:
- Lego
Read 4 Reviews
REVIEW SNAPSHOT®by PowerReviews
Reviewed by 4 customers
Sort by
Comments about LEGO House 4956:
Set 4956 is a great addition to one's city collection. It is a lego creator theme and that means you can build this in several ways. this set goes hand in hand with other creator and city sets such as green grocer, the fire station, etc. if you're interested in lego homes, i recommend checking out lego set 6754, lego creator set 4996, lego creator set 5891, and the newly itroduced lego city house (i forget the model set number). all these homes that i listed, including the set featured in this review, offer great suburban-type middle class homes for your lego minifigures. if you line them up in a lego neighborhood they look fantastic. this set comes with 731 pieces and what's great with the creator series is that there are different models that can be built. for this particular set, there are instructions to build three other sets in case you get bored. the main model set allows you to buld a garage, driveway, fence, and of course, the red home. Overall, a good set.
Comments about LEGO House 4956:
Legos are a classic toy that provide hours of fun!! This House set is fun and comes with some neat house features that make it fun to build and make it cute and neat! This set can provide hours and hours of fun. I believe Legos also encourage lots of creativity and teaches children to follow directions and patience (as you go through several pages to build the house). But, after getting through all the building it is always so gratifying to look at what you built and created. I would recommend being careful with the small pieces (especially if you have little ones in the house that put things in their mouth...they could easily choke on these legos) and be careful they don't get lost in the rug because I can't tell you how many Legos I have vacuumed up. One downfall to Legos is that they are relatively expensive - I have paid quite a bit of money for not alot of plastic. But, Legos have provided my family with hours of fun over many, many years.
Comments about LEGO House 4956:
This was a hit with my older daycare kids, they love to build it and to use it as a dollhouse, we have a ton of legos so it is just one part of a creative city etc. These toys are super sturdy, will be around for your grandkids if you chose to hang onto them
Comments about LEGO House 4956:
The Lego House has provided hours of fun for my 6 year old girl. She received it as a gift for Christmas last year. She required some help putting the whole thing together initially. It actually was a great project for her and her dad to do together. Since getting it together, she uses Lego people to create stories using the house. You can lift the roof off the house to play inside with your figurines. The house is very realistic. It has several rooms, a front porch, garage with working door and garden. You can actually build 3 different types of houses depending on which instructions you follow. Every morning, my daughter gets up and plays with the house and figurines. It's fun to stand at her bedroom door and listen to the stories that she makes up. Definitely encourages creativity. The only negative is that it is so many small pieces. A lot of children would probably have a hard time keeping it together and not losing pieces.


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BANK OF BARODA RTGS HO Branch in MOTIZER - Address, IFSC, MICR Code
BARB0MOTIZEMICR Code
MOTIZER BR. DIST. KHEDA GUJARATContact
MOTIZER TAL. KAPADVANJ DIST. KHEDA GUJARAT - 387 620.City
What is IFSC Code of BANK OF BARODA situated at MOTIZER BR. DIST. KHEDA GUJARAT- RTGS-HO?
IFSC Code of BANK OF BARODA situated at MOTIZER BR. DIST. KHEDA GUJARAT - RTGS-HO is
What is the meaning of IFSC Code, MICR Codes in Banking industry?
IFSC or Indian Financial System Code is the code allocated to all banks branches. Bank branches use this code to participate in RTGS and NEFT transactions.
What is the significance of IFSC Code and how we can use it?
IFSC Code is a 11 digit code and we can use this code to communicate between different branches of different banks. Upon receiving the request for fund transfer it is easy for a bank to identify the payee branch. First four characters are code of bank, last six digits are branch code and fifth character is left 0, for any future use.


text:
Marathon Futurex not only has sprawling workspaces but equally large lifespaces. Over 15 Sky Gardens, staggered along the two verticals form mini ecosystems in this vertical city. The gardens and the glass fences, act as perfect heat barriers during the day.
Real Estate Mumbai newsletters are the most interesting as they give you the latest market reports and research and bring you updated with the current market trends, demands etc.
Since 1993, Real Estate Mumbai has evolved and has carved out expertise in Buying, Selling and Leasing Office and Residential properties.
Our Clients get a complete spectrum of services beginning from Investment to Exit with Capital Appreciation.
Fully Furnished Commercial Office Space Available on Lease in Andheri West.+
Fully Furnished 3BHK Flat Available on Lease in Powai.+
Fully Furnished 3BHK Flat Available on Lease in Andheri East.+


text:
What is a Havachon?
A Havachon is a cross between two small pure breeds, a Havanese and Bichon Frise. In the late 20th century, breeders began cross breeding two purebreds to create hybrids which they termed "designer dog". A cross-bred dog is a "product of artificial selection – intentionally created by humans… with the purpose of enhancing desired physical, behavioral, or temperamental characteristics."[1] The litter of two purebred doges are known as first-generation. These litters are not considered a breed but instead called cross-breed because of their known lineage. This is different from a mixed breed dog whose lineage is uncertain.
There is not a lot of information available about the Havachon so I decided to offer up what I know from experience. First, I researched the Havachon's parents.
Appearance: The Havanese is small yet sturdy, ranging in size from 8 ½ to 11 ½ inches tall at the shoulder and weigh 7 to 13 pounds.[6] The breed's body is slightly longer than it is tall. Its front legs are slightly shortly than its hind legs. "The Havanese has dark brown eyes and almond-shaped lids surrounded by black pigment. The ears, when extended, reach half way to the nose. They arc slightly upward at the base and hang down on the sides of the head without touching the face."[5] Their abundant coat, which comes in many colors, is long, wavy, silky. Although the breed seems to have a plethora of fur, their coat is lightweight and acts as a sunshade to keep them cool from harsh tropical heat and does not protect them from cold temperatures.[5] The tail of the Havanese " is carried arched forward up over the back. While the tail's long plume of hair falls on the body, the tail itself never touches the back."[6] The breed's non-shedding coat makes it a great choice for allergy sufferers.
Characteristics: The Havanese, known as a toy dog, has a gentle face and smiling appearance. They are intelligent and energetic with a friendly disposition and are naturally affectionate in temperament. The breed is always willing to please and therefore, trainable and loves being the center of attention. "Their strong rear drive and slightly shorter upper arm produce a springy motion."[5] The breed is very agile and known for its "lively and springy gait, accentuating the dog's happy nature".[6]
Bichon Frise
Background: "The Bichons were divided into four categories: the Bichon Maltese, the Bichon Bolognaise, the Bichon Havanese, and the Bichon Tenerife. All originated in the Mediterranean area. The dogs found early success in Spain and many think that Spanish seamen introduced the breed to the Canary Islands of Tenerife."[7]
Appearance: The Bichon Frise is small, ranging in size from 8 ½ to 11 ½ inches tall, and weigh between 10 to 16 pounds. The breed is sturdy in stature "with a dark-eyed inquisitive expression and a plumed tail it carries merrily over the back. The breed is often compared to a cotton ball due to its curled double coat, which consists of a textured outer coat and a silky undercoat." [8] Their heads and legs are in proportion to their body. The breed is agile with an effortless gait. Although the standard color of the Bichon Frise is solid white, they do come in apricot and grey.[7] The Bichon Frise does not shed, making them hypo-allergenic and a great pet choice for allergy sufferers. However, the coat grows very fast and requires frequent grooming to prevent mats.
Characteristics: The Bichon Frise has a soft, inquisitive expression. The breed is a naturally gentle mannered, sensitive, responsive, playful, cheerful, happy and affectionate one.[9] The breed are charming, affectionate, and intelligent and equally love to cuddle and are playful and quite active. The Bichon Frise love the company of humans and want a lot of attention. Bichon Frise are excellent companion dogs and are very sociable. Successfully trained Bichon Frises learn well and are obedient.[7]
Find the perfect designer dog
Amazon Price: $29.95 $24.99 Buy Now
(price as of Aug 30, 2016)
My Havachon
I have read that, "Most Havachon owners find that this unique hybrid tends to look more like a Bichon but carries more personality traits of the Havanese."[10] In my case, my Havachon looks more like his Havanese parent and exhibits a personality equal to both his parents.
Characteristics: Like his parents, my dog has all of the characteristics of the Havanese and Bichon Frise breeds. He is intelligent, charming, curious, gentle, friendly, inquisitive, affectionate, energetic, happy, responsive and loves contact with other dogs and people, especially me. He is very friendly and loves to be touched. He was easy to train and responded well to training with treats as a reward. He inherited a "strong rear drive and slightly shorter upper arm"[5] which gave him a springy motion.
What a Performance
got havachon?
Amazon Price: Buy Now
(price as of Aug 30, 2016)
A year ago he ruptured two discs and underwent laminectomy surgery. He has not fully recovered but his personality continues to shine.
My Havachon is a wonderful companion dog. If you're considering bringing a dog into your life, I highly recommend the Havachon.


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Mr & Mrs Herd, Greater Manchester
After two years of other agents failing to sell our home, we had at last found the right team. You certainly put all other agents in the shade.
It is important to note that this mortgage calculator is for guidance purposes only. Mortgage lenders have their own affordability criteria therefore it is important you speak to one of our Mortgage Advisers for further information and a more accurate indication of what products may be available to you and what your monthly mortgage payments are likely to be.
Located within one of Huddersfield's most popular residential locations sits this fantastic three bedroom house. The property provides ample living space with a light and spacious lounge, dining kitchen and a conservatory. The property has a low maintenance garden and separate garage. Viewing is highly recommended.
Contact branch for relevant Energy Performance Certificate


text:
I am a mathematician and painter born in 1979 in Istanbul, Turkey. I am a bachelor of science in mathematics graduate from Istanbul University.
I like to refer to my work as 'geometric abstract paintings' in the sense that has calligraphic rules of symmetry and balance, and geometric compositions reflect the philosophy and rhythms of calligraphy. The black lines and white space on the paper (or canvas) create a sense of beauty. I use the 'Golden Ratio' in the geometric relationships and proportions of my works because of its visual aesthetics.
I am influenced by the Traditional Turkish and Chinese Calligraphy.


text:
Explores the world of hypersyndication—showing how to distribute content across all media platforms quickly and more efficiently.
All Courses
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"Your website has become a verb. I had a client tell me today that they were lynda.comming their way through learning new software. You've joined the ranks of Googling, Photoshopping, and Skyping!" —Jill W.
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text: This Transformers Short Film Is Every Kid's Imagination Come TrueAndrew Liszewski8/29/16 10:01amFiled to: TransformersToysPatrick BovinThe Real DealAnimationCGSpecial Effectsvisual effects6419EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink GIF In his latest short film called The Real Deal, Patrick Bovin uses some flawless CG to bring a five-year-old's imagination and a set of Transformers toys to life. It's as close as you can get to looking inside a kid's brain while they play. Advertisement We would happily sit through two whole hours of this, instead of this short being over in less than a minute.[YouTube]Andrew email@example.com@aliszewskiContributing EditorMore Than Meets the Eye 3D Print Your Own Transformers Matrix of Leadership So Optimus Prime Doesn't Have to DieA Giant Robot and the 1986 Transformers Movie Taught Me About the Cold Inevitability of Death This Live-Action Transformers Fan Film Is Better Than All of Michael Bay's AttemptsGear from Kinja DealsFelix Gray Makes Computer Glasses Look GoodA DualShock 4 Thumb Grip Sampler PackGive the Gift of Studio Ghibli For $15 Per FilmReply64 repliesLeave a reply