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Brussels attacked
Brussels, the capital of Belgium, is reeling after it became the latest major European city to be targeted by terrorists affiliated with the jihadist Islamic State (IS). More than 30 people were killed, and dozens injured, as a result of two separate attacks in Brussels. The first attack targeted the main hall of the city's international Zaventem Airport, with twin blasts killing at least 11 people. The second attack occurred an hour later and targeted one of the city's main metro stations, taking lives of more than 20 people and critically injuring several others. The timing of the attack is even more alarming, as it was preceded by the dramatic arrest of Salah Abdeslam, the prime suspect in the Paris terror attacks that killed 130 people in November, in Brussels after four months on the run. The ghastly attack in Paris was also masterminded by the IS, and many security experts and analysts suspect this latest attack is a worryingly prompt response to the arrest of the Abdeslam by the terrorist group. Belgium's officials have identified two of the suicide bombers as brothers Khalid and Brahim el-Bakraoui, both of them Belgian nationals. The two brothers were already known to the police and were being sought in connection with the November 2015 Paris attacks. Two other attackers, visible in a widely circulated airport CCTV image, are still unidentified, with one of them still believed to be alive and on the run. Consequent to the bombings, Belgium is on the highest level of security lockdown, and government has announced three-day mourning. Globally, the response has been to swiftly condemn the brutality of the attacks as leaders worldwide have expressed solidarity with the beleaguered Belgian state. The IS, however, has threatened even more attacks, warning that "what is coming is worse and more bitter."
The horrific attacks are another reminder of the boundless cruelty and far-reaching jihadist menace of the self-styled IS. Such attacks on innocent lives anywhere in the world are utterly devastating and words remain insufficient to condemn these ghastly acts. The IS and its ideology represent an existential threat to the forward march of civilisation and the highly strategic targeting of vulnerable, everyday spaces viciously underscore the intent of the group. That the attackers were Belgian nationals is not insignificant, as it reveals a key part of the danger represented by the IS: its seduction of Muslim diaspora in western countries. The toxic appeal and the diffused, internationalised makeup of the organisation exponentially magnify its effectiveness and capacity to proliferate and escape the gaze of the authorities.
Brussels is no ordinary capital city, as, in addition to being the centre of Belgium's own government, it is also home to the headquarters of the European Union (EU), NATO and various other international agencies. But for such an internationally significant city, it has been wrestling with a growing problem of strengthening jihadist cells and networks for many years without reprieve. Just as an example, many of the Paris attackers were based in Brussels. Therefore, these bombings can be read as a culmination of years of intelligence failures and policing inefficiencies, as they could not have been possible without intensive logistical support and months of planning. After the Paris attacks, it was repeatedly pointed out that the EU as a whole lacked a coherent intelligence-sharing mechanism. The problem is a familiar one for the Pakistani audience: intelligence agencies, even when belonging to the same country, loathe sharing their information, jealously guarding their sources. This results in an information vacuum that greatly benefits terrorists, who are able to effectively cooperate irrespective of borders.
The attack also highlights another systemic problem: the staggering failure of EU policies to integrate its minority population, whose members remain on the margins, feeling unwelcome and hence prone to radicalisation. Serious efforts need to be undertaken to counter the appeal of the reprehensible IS to ensure disenfranchised youth do not fall prey to its magnetic propaganda. Unfortunately, in the wake of such devastation, emotions run high, and acts of blind retaliation and borderline fascist governmental policies take shape. The issue of refugees is being conveniently used by the right wing forces of bigotry as a scapegoat for this attack and such rhetoric will play right into the hands of the IS and its affiliates. Western countries have a careful and crucial balance to maintain: they need to streamline, coordinate and bolster their surveillance and intelligence capacities while simultaneously taking a tactful approach that embraces the minorities and prevents the seeds of radicalisation from taking root. Condemnation of terrorism must be categorical, sans any ifs and buts. And accepting that there is no justification for any act of terrorism under any pretext, the reality is stark: if complacency and hatred are allowed to triumph, there will only be more doom and gloom.
Obama in Cuba
President Barack Obama's historic two-day trip to Cuba is not only considered significant for being the first by a serving US President in 88 years, but also because it marks a long overdue, groundbreaking, diplomacy move expected from his presidency. Even before the Air Force One touched down in Havana on Sunday, Obama called out to his Cuban hosts on twitter, using an informal indigenous greeting: "Que bolá Cuba?" (What's up?), radiating feel-good energy about the exchange between two long estranged neighbours. The vigour with which Obama and the First Family are interacting with the public elements of the island life marks a shift in U.S. foreign policy, which, according to analysts, consists of replacing old alliances with new friendships. If this week proves fruitful for Obama diplomacy, the president would finally materialise the pledge he took in the election campaign of 2008: adopt a 'new strategy' with Cuba.
Political pundits have always discussed Cuba as a thorny constant in U.S. foreign policy in the last five decades. Over the years, the U.S. has kept its southern neighbour at bay, slashing its economy with trade sanctions and travel barriers. Nevertheless, the present Obama regime is being simultaneously criticised and applauded by Americans for engineering closer ties with Cuba. Last month, both countries joined hands to reboot their commercial air traffic. The diplomatic shifts have also been marked by the official inauguration of US embassy in Cuba as well as the White House press release announcing a closure of Guantanamo Bay detention facility in near future.
However, this changing US-Cuba dynamic signifies much more than the establishment of friendly borders. It validates that Obama has finally realised the failure of the long-validated U.S. policy of containment, a souvenir of the Cold War. This policy of trade embargoes has neither achieved its desired effects nor assisted the U.S. in gaining a wider set of allies, particularly in Latin America. If succeeded, Obama's reforms will ensure economic ties between the two countries, bringing prosperity in terms of foreign investment. Agriculture sector in the U.S. is salivating at the prospect of gaining access to rich Cuban resources. Meanwhile, U.S. businesses may also be highly allured to the tourism sector in Cuba, growing in manifolds since the last decade.
Nonetheless, critics have already started positing Obama's nonchalance towards Cuba's dismal human rights situation in order to achieve his own political agenda. Millions of Cubans struggling under the oppressive communist regime of Raul Castro had high hopes attached to the U.S. presidential trip. Anti-Castro protesters were hoping Obama would demand immediate improvements in human rights. However, instead of voicing their plight in his exchange with Castro, Obama has merely agreed to meet Cuban dissidents before ending his trip on Tuesday.
The real significance of this trip lies in U.S. moving further away from its Cold-War era, for which Obama should be greatly applauded. Whether his overture will be successful or not, that would require Cuba's assistance. It is high time Cuban revolution bore fruit by overthrowing the communist regime. This change can only be brought by Cubans themselves, and not architected by any U.S. agency. What can be expected from US government, meanwhile, is a similar application of reengagement with their other former foes. A presidential visit to Tehran, for example, can be one such initiative that still needs to be partaken. But, for now, there should be affirmation of the fact that the bald eagle has finally decided to befriend the Cuban trogon.
PIA Privatisation Bill
Government is facing stiff resistance from the Opposition regarding the passage of Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) Privatisation Bill in parliament. Government, after facing defeat in the Senate, had proposed in the National Assembly through a motion to refer Pakistan International Airlines Corporation (Conversion) bill, 2016, to a joint sitting for consideration. However, the opposition is giving tough time to government that has made it difficult for the treasury to get the bill passed. There are certain concerns not only of the opposition but also the employees of PIA regarding the privatisation of PIA. Government cannot take a solo flight over the issue due to a possible backlash in the next general elections. It has to take the Opposition into confidence in order to go ahead with its plans of privatising the national flag carrier. On March 22, the government deferred tabling the controversial PIA sell-off bill in the joint parliament session for three weeks while forming a 10-member committee to convince the Opposition on its proposal.
PIA has become a white elephant due to the poor policies of successive regimes in handling the affairs of this national organisation. There are certain factors that have brought PIA on the verge of collapse. It has been learnt that PIA has been running into deficit for the last 16 years as its yearly deficit is over Rs. 20 billion. It is argued that PIA is overstaffed and a large number of appointments have been made on a political basis in the last few years. Other reasons include a lack of professional management and the appointment of political cronies on key posts. PIA was also under loss due to the purchase of ageing fleet that caused safety and maintenance problems while PIA had to make heavy payments against the induction of new aircraft on a long lease.
There should be a rational approach to rectify those faults that PIA has been facing now. It has become a globally-accepted notion that large organisations can only be run successfully under professional management. A retrenchment of unnecessary employees should be done by retaining only those who have proven merit and are an asset for PIA. The employee per flight ratio should be similar to other successful airlines. Government needs to abandon the policy of absorbing its supporters into public sector organisations in violation of merit-based inductions. Solid plans need to be implemented to make PIA a profitable organisation while addressing all genuine concerns of stakeholders. The Opposition should not oppose the bill for the sake of opposition; rather all pros and cons need to be reviewed for finalising the passage of the bill. If the problem can be rectified through consultation, the Opposition must support the government in finding out a logical solution to the issue of PIA's privatisation.


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Industry Segment Solutions
Faster Development and Test of Automotive Network Software Using Virtual Hardware ECUs
Electrical and electronic architecture evolution is having a direct impact on automotive networks. When it comes to in-vehicle networks, Ethernet is the fastest growing network.
Marc Serughetti, Director, Business Development, Synopsys, Inc.
Oct 12, 2016
ON Semiconductor and Synopsys: ISO 26262 and Automotive DFT Requirements
In this webinar, you will learn about the ISO 26262 functional safety standard and how it is driving DFT requirements today.
Chanthachith Souvanthong, Corporate Functional Safety Manager, ON Semiconductor; Adam Cron, Principle Engineer, Synopsys, Inc.; Steve Smith, Sr. Marketing Director, Synopsys, Inc.
Sep 22, 2016
Enabling Machines to See with Efficient Embedded Vision Processors
Learn how Synopsys' new embedded vision processor family with advanced vision capabilities can enable powerful and flexible vision solutions for your next-generations SoCs.
Michael Thompson, Sr. Product Marketing Manager for ARC and EV Processors, Synopsys, Inc.
Jun 29, 2016
Accelerate Development of Powertrain ECUs with Virtual Hardware
This 60-minute Webinar will provide an overview of virtual hardware ECUs and how to integrate them into the automotive system development process to manage these challenges.
Marc Serughetti, Business Development, Synopsys, Inc.
Jun 21, 2016
Enabling ISO 26262 Compliance with Synopsys' Automotive Safety Verification Solution
This webinar will provide an overview of the concepts, requirements, and approaches for automotive IC designers and verification teams to understand what's needed for ISO 26262 compliance for safety-critical SoCs and IP blocks. Capsule Module: Enabling ISO 26262 Compliance with Synopsys' Automotive Safety Verification Solution
Brian Davenport, Staff Engineer, Synopsys' Verification Group; David Hsu, Director of Product Marketing, Synopsys' Verification Group
Jun 16, 2016
Test & Repair of SoCs for Functional Safety Applications
Learn about diagnosis, debug and self-test and repair solutions for memories, logic, AMS and interface IP blocks for automotive requirements to satisfy key criteria like low DPPM.
Yervant Zorian, Fellow & Chief Architect, Synopsys; Faisal Goriawalla, Product Marketing Manager, Synopsys
Apr 12, 2016
Impact of IP Reliability, Functional Safety & Quality in Automotive ADAS SoCs
Learn about ISO 26262 and AEC Q100 standards; latency, power, reliability and process-related design challenges; and how certified IP helps ensure functional safety, reliability and quality management.
Ron DiGiuseppe, Senior Strategic Marketing Manager, Synopsys
Dec 02, 2015
Enabling Automotive IC Design Reliability
In this webinar, we introduce the challenges facing of designers of high-reliability ICs for the automotive market, and discuss some of the proven Galaxy Design Platform IC implementation and sign-off solutions being deployed by automotive design teams worldwide.
Steve Smith, Senior Director of Marketing, Automotive Solutions
Nov 12, 2015
STMicroelectronics' Experience: Synopsys Logic BIST for Automotive and Safety-Critical Designs
ICs targeted for safety-critical applications must be able to perform in-system self-test in compliance with functional safety standards such as ISO 26262. In this webinar, Synopsys highlights synthesis-based logic BIST that addresses the self-test requirements for safety-critical designs. Our guest speaker from STMicroelectronics presents results and details of Synopsys' test solution successfully deployed on production designs.
Cinzia Bartolommei, Senior DFT Engineer, STMicroelectronics; Adam Cron, Principal Engineer, Synopsys; Chris Allsup, Marketing Manager, Synopsys
Jul 30, 2015
Automotive Ethernet Moving to Time-Sensitive Environments
Learn about the required network connectivity for automotive applications like ADAS and the importance of integrating Ethernet IP that is certified to be ASIL B Ready for ISO 26262 functional safety.
John Swanson, Product Line Manager, Synopsys
Jul 14, 2015
Reliability and Qualification of MTP NVM IP from Commercial to Automotive Applications
How Synopsys designs and executes on a silicon testing methodology for embedded MTP NVM IP technology, enabling SoC designers with reliable and qualified solutions for their end applications.
Martin Niset, Senior Product and Test Engineering Manager, Synopsys
Oct 05, 2011
Silicon to Software Video
Learn How Smart Everything Will Change Everything
Automotive update
Helping the Automotive Industry Prepare for Regulations
White Paper
ISO 26262-Certified Testing of Safety-Critical Automotive ICs
white paper
Achieving ISO 26262 Software Tool Confidence for Improved Automotive Functional Safety
Enabling ISO 26262 Compliance with Synopsys' Automotive Safety Verification Solution
Synopsys and TSMC Collaborate to Certify Custom Compiler for 16FFC Process
Synopsys Foundation IP Meets Stringent Automotive AEC-Q100 Grade 1 Temperature....
Synopsys Expands Portfolio of ARC Processors for Safety-Critical Automotive....
Synopsys Verification Solution Certified for the Most Stringent Level of....
Synopsys Delivers Industry's First MIPI I3C IP for Sensor Connectivity....
Synopsys Extends Verification IP Portfolio for Automotive Applications
Synopsys Announces VDK for Freescale S32V200 MCU Family for Advanced Driver....
All Synopsys News
ChipEstimate.com: Meeting Reliability for Automotive Applications with PCI Express
DesignWare Technical Bulletin: Understanding Automotive DDR DRAM
ChipEstimate.com: Choosing an Embedded Processor for Safety-Critical Automotive Applications
Semiconductor Engineering: Meeting Reliability For Automotive Applications With PCI Express
SemiWiki: Foundation IP for Automotive: so Stringent Quality Requirements!
Tech Design Forum: A vision of autonomous driving
DesignWare Technical Bulletin: PCI Express in Automotive Applications – Design for Reliability
Automotive Electronics Reliability Flow
DesignWare ARC EM Safety Enhancement Package (SEP) Processor Core
Saber for Automotive Mechatronics
VDK for NXP MPC5xxx MCU
VDK for NXP S32V200 MCU
VDK for Renesas RH850 MCU
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Achieving ISO 26262 Software Tool Confidence for Improved Automotive Functional Safety
Technical Papers
Proceedings from the Automotive Solutions Seminar, November 10, 2011 in Novi, Michigan
Developing High-Reliability Reprogrammable NVM IP for Automotive Applications
ISO 26262-Certified Solution for Testing of Safety-Critical Automotive ICs
2008-01-1031 Model-Based FlexRay Designs (C&S)
2008-01-0901 Robust Design of VVT (GM)
2008-01-0898 Power Network Design (Jaguar)
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Synopsys FPGA and Simulink-Based Design Solutions for Automotive
Targeting zero-defect system design with virtual manufacturing
Faster Development and Test of Automotive Network Software Using Virtual Hardware ECUs
ON Semiconductor and Synopsys: ISO 26262 and Automotive DFT Requirements
Enabling Machines to See with Efficient Embedded Vision Processors
Accelerate Development of Powertrain ECUs with Virtual Hardware
Enabling ISO 26262 Compliance with Synopsys' Automotive Safety Verification Solution
Test & Repair of SoCs for Functional Safety
Impact of IP Reliability&Safety in Automotive ADAS SoC
Synopsys Automotive Solution
Synopsys Automotive Technical Bulletin
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text:
KOR Water Product Portfolio
KOR Water
KOR One — GOOD (2008), Spark Award Bronze (2009), IDA 1st (2008); Delta — GOOD (2012)
Vida — IDEA Bronze (2011), GOOD (2011), IDA 2nd (2011); Aura — GOOD (2011), If Award (2011)
Create the First Smart, Safe and Stylish Reusable Water Bottle
Plastic water bottle waste is a major environmental problem, with four out of every five empty bottles being landfilled. Recognizing this problem, KOR Water approached RKS to make their vision of healthier, more sustainable and reusable water bottles a reality. The challenge for RKS was to create a design the consumer would value and embrace. In this way, the design experience would need to be simple, convenient, non-toxic as well as iconic, in order to drive adoption rates.
Collaborated with Eastman to Bring the Revolutionary Tritan Plastic to the Market
Our research uncovered that people were becoming more and more uncomfortable with the damage to the environment being created by disposable water bottles and simultaneously, awareness of health risks from materials containing BPA were rising. At the same time, demand for water as a healthy alternative to soft drinks were rising rapidly in all markets. Strategic mapping, personas, and analytics were shared with KOR's founders and leveraged into our concept development. Sketches were quickly translated into foam studies created on our CNC machine centers to augment renderings and experience concepts.Weaknesses in competitor offerings then became obvious to us: the aesthetics, the handles, the look and feel on the lips, the pour, the protection of the drinking surface from dirt and bacteria, and most importantly; the beautification of the water itself.
The Design Language Complemented by Safe Materials has Generated Millions of Units in Sales, Unprecedented Viral Awareness, and Distribution in over 100 Countries
The result was the KOR ONE Hydration Vessel, which offers simple, one-handed operation and provides the look and feel of glass without being as fragile by using BPA-free TritanTM translucent plastic. The attention to design, detail, and lifestyle distinguished the KOR ONE and helped it quickly capture the attention of consumers, media, and celebrities. In addition to the design media we connected with on behalf of KOR, the most valuable exposure was the organic placement of KOR in highly visible positions in Ironman 2, which helped trigger global attention. Today KOR Water is a leading provider of reusable water bottles in the global market place with distribution in over 100 countries.


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Production Inkjet News and Analysis
This topic section of WhatTheyThink focuses on emerging trends in the rapidly-growing area of production inkjet. It features commentary and analysis on technical and business trends relative to the ability for production inkjet.
Commentary & Analysis
Thomson Reuters Sees Opportunity in Monochome Book Printing
Thomson Reuters Core Publishing Service focuses on short and long runs of monochrome legal and other publications on lightweight papers. Adding a HP PageWide Web Press T360 with an inline Magnum Flexbook has significantly improved efficiencies for mid-sized to short runs. Learn more in this article sponsored by HP.
Konica Minolta: Moving into Production and Industrial Print
In this article, David takes a look at Konica Minolta and the company's new strategy relative to Production Inkjet, Industrial Print, and building a Software eco-system, with a different approach than its competitors.
drupa 2016: Inkjet Technology and Print Application Trends
Despite occasional clouds on the horizon, there is no better place than drupa to get a first hand sense of the continuing importance and scale of the printing industry. The baton has passed from the offset press manufacturers to the digital printer manufacturers, with HP having replaced Heidelberg as anchor tenant and champion of print at drupa 2016.
Drupa 2016: The Future of Inkjet
The overriding message for drupa 2016 is that inkjet is now ready for prime time across a range of applications and is positioned to displace key conventional printing processes. This article provides a brief overview of the factors that will drive the expansion of the inkjet market during the drupa event and beyond.
Inkjet drupa 2016 – Continuing the Story – Xerox
In this article, David looks at the current state of Xerox. The integration of Impika has produced some exciting collaboration, resulting in some new product introductions at drupa 2016, and perhaps a glimpse of the company's future direction
KBA and Xerox Target Folding Carton Market with a 40 Inch B1 Sheetfed Production Inkjet Press
KBA and Xerox have created a partnership to create a unique B1 sheetfed Production Inkjet Folding Carton Press. This new relationship allows KBA to continue to build the production inkjet product line to support the transition of its clients to the opportunities that production inkjet affords them. For Xerox, it expands the reach of its inkjet offerings beyond its smaller format production presses.
Impact: Blending Inkjet and Data-Driven Marketing
Since its founding in 1983, Impact has been providing services in direct mail, fulfillment, data management, critical documents, e-mail marketing, creative, and print management to drive marketing communications. This article provides a brief overview of how the company's expertise in applied technology, analytics, and production services can help its customers connect with their clients.
Inkjet drupa 2016 – Continuing the Story – Fujifilm
In this article, David looks at the state of Fujifilm imaging, its successful reintroduction of the J Press 720S, the J Press 540W, and a new technology demonstration at drupa, as well as some of its other current technologies.
Ink Ado: Frank Visits with Benny Landa
Benny Landa drives fast. I think he is in a hurry to reach the future. We had been on a whirlwind visit to the several Landa facilities in Tel Aviv, Israel and we were heading to a secret lab buried in the bowels of a non-descript industrial building.
Inkjet drupa 2016 – Continuing the Story – Kodak Enterprise Inkjet Systems
In this article, David looks at current and future state of Kodak Enterprise Inkjet Systems Division (EISD), the Stream and ULTRASTREAM Technologies as well as PROSPER products and future technologies.
For KBA, the Key Product is Progress
Published: June 15, 2016
How did a manufacturer of newspaper presses become a supplier of equipment for nearly all major printing applications, including digital output? That is the story of KBA, and the company's president, Claus Bolza-Schünemann, tells it with justifiable pride. Among the latest highlights is KBA's ongoing development, with Xerox, of the VariJET 106, an innovative hybrid sheetfed press targeting the folding carton market.
In Inkjet, "Ink is the thing that makes it all work"
Published: June 14, 2016
Marco Boer of I.T. Strategies and Senior Editor Cary Sherburne discuss the latest developments in inkjet inks being shown at drupa 2016. Expect to see inks that act and feel differently.
Marco Boer: The Print Industry Is Bigger Than Ever
Published: June 9, 2016
Marco Boer of I.T. Strategies shares insight about the latest developments being shown at drupa 2016. Offset is still viable, but with HP having the largest stand at the show, it signifies the passing of the baton to a digital printing industry.
Robert Keane of Cimpress Commits to 20 Landa Nanographics Presses
Published: June 6, 2016
Robert Keane, President and CEO of Cimpress, the parent company of Vistaprint, talks about his decision to beta test Landa Nanographics presses and commit to ordering 20 units. This is the culmination of the partnership between the two companies and is expected to address the gap between digital and offset for Cimpress.
Xerox's Robert Stabler Shares the Xerox Experience at drupa
Published: June 2, 2016
Senior Editor Cary Sherburne talks with Xerox SVP Robert Stabler from the floor of drupa 2016 about the Xerox and partner solutions being featured at the show, including sheetfed inkjet, direct print to 3-dimensional objects, and the 160 applications being produced in the booth, as well as the High Fusion inkjet inks allowing printing on standard offset substrates without pretreatment. It's also the first time Xerox has had an entire segment of its booth dedicated to packaging applications.
A First Look at EFI's New Single Pass Inkjet Press for Corrugated
Published: May 31, 2016
Exclusive Interview with EFI SVP/GM Scott Schinlever on the Launch of the Nozomi C18000 inkjet press. The single pass inkjet press brings high-speed corrugated board production to the $130 billion corrugated packaging industry.
What Will It Take to "Mainstream" Digital Printing?
Published: May 12, 2016
Production digital printing is 25 years old, yet only 2.5% of all printed pages come from digital devices. Yishai Amir, CEO of Landa Digital Printing, says that if digital printing is to move into the mainstream, it will have to prove that it is fully competitive with offset lithography in quality, speed, printable format size, and cost to print. According to Amir, just one process—the one he is responsible for bringing to market—can demonstrate all of these capabilities.
Adi Chinai On The Massive Paradigm Shift In Book Printing
Published: April 21, 2016
Adi Chinai, Managing Director at King Printing, talks about the massive paradigm shift that has occurred in book printing. He states that in the last 10 years, there has been more change than in the previous 30 years with the advent of production inkjet and the software driving it, to a near-lights-out model
Marco Boer from IT Strategies on Production Inkjet Technology Advancements and New Markets
Published: April 18, 2016
Marco Boer shares his analysis recent advancements in production inkjet technology including increased image quality, support fora wider range of media including the ability to print on offset coat paper, and new commercial print and packaging applications.
David Murphy on Jetcomm 2 - The HP PageWide Web Press User Community Conference
Published: April 14, 2016
HP's David Murphy, Director of Marketing, PageWide Web Press talks to Cary Sherburne about Jetcomm 2 taking place this week in San Antonio, TX. Jetcomm is the user community of HP PageWide Web Presses. The community comes together once a year to share ideas, hear from experts on emerging trends, and network with their peers.
Yurchak Printing teams with Ricoh to thrive in today's changing book printing landscape
GIS – Celebrating 10 Years of Growth and Innovation in the Inkjet Industry
Xeikon to introduce innovative wall covering solutions at Heimtextil
Akita Epson Completes New Printhead Factory
Xaar Wins Design & Innovation Award at the Manufacturer MX Awards 2016
GIS announces collaboration with Adobe for industrial inkjet innovation
Kaweah Container Installs HP PageWide Web Press T400S with Digital Corrugated Printing Capabilities
Epson Marks Construction of New Inkjet Printhead Factory
IDC MarketScape again names Ricoh a global leader in high-speed inkjet
IDC MarketScape Names Ricoh a Leader in Worldwide High-Speed Inkjet Press Market
Appleton Coated Expands Product Options for High-Speed Inkjet Presses with Introduction of Ethos® Enhanced Inkjet
GIS to Showcase Latest Atlas and Ink System Innovation at InPrint 2016
Shirt Monkey Installs Second Kornit AVK
Empowering the Digital Label Retrofit Opportunity
Gasch Printing Installs Océ ColorStream 3900Z Production Inkjet System
TheIJC 2016 provides a conference and networking venue for those who build the future
Tonejet to showcase direct-to-converted-can digital printing at InPrint 2016
PRP announces award of Kodak NEXPRESS print head manufacturing contract
Madison Advisors Analysts to Host Panel Discussion at Canon's thINK 2016 Conference
Ricoh showcases innovative solutions, consulting expertise and marketshare leadership at GRAPH EXPO 16
Production Inkjet Video
How KBA Is Surrounding the Packaging Market with Solutions
New from PCMC: CI Flexography in a Compact Format
What's the Story? Ask a Package
For KBA, the Key Product is Progress
HP and Smurfit Kappa to Collaborate on Development of Direct-to-corrugated Digital Print
Recent White Papers
Copyright © 2016 WhatTheyThink. All Rights Reserved


text: Hey guys. Firstly, sorry for not using the search. Honestly, I don't really have much of a clue of what I'm talking about, so sorry in advance. Ok, so, hopefully next friday, I will be purchasing a new o2 pay as you go 16gb 3g iphone, from the o2 website. I am wanting to unlock it so I can use it on my orange contract. I have heard that new iphones have a higher baseband, honestly, I have no clue what this is. All I want to know, is is it possible to unlock a brand new iphone 3g from o2, and if so how. I know about jailbreaking, and did it on my ipod touch 2g, but I am guessing it's not the same for this. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks


text:
Solar & Hand-powered 2-Mode LED Flashlight and Emergency Charger for Mobile Phone (Black)
This is a LED flashlight and also can be used as an emergency charger for your mobile phones.
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Slide to see the images
Tucker and his friend Jack came to us when their human mother died and her caregiver could no longer keep them. He is adjusting to his new surroundings quite well and is a happy boy. He is neutered and up to date on his vaccines. He is also microchipped and is heartworm negative. Tucker is housebroken and gets along with all of the dogs in his new foster home. He likes to ride in the car and give kisses. Won't you adopt this handsome boy?
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Questions or concerns may be sent to firstname.lastname@example.com
Paws For Seniors P.O. Box 738, Bealeton, VA 22712 540-748-8177


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Product Information
What Goes Around Comes Around Louis Vuitton Monogram Sac Gibeciere Messenger Bag (Previously Owned) - Brown
A previously owned Louis Vuitton handbag crafted in the house's iconic coated canvas. The front flap fastens over 2 pockets and a lined, 1 pocket interior. Slim back pocket. Adjustable strap. Dust bag included. Fabric: Coated canvas. Weight: 10oz / 0.28kg. Made in France. NOTE : Gentle wear should be expected and reinforces the history of this heritage piece. Measurements Height: 7.75in / 20cm Length: 12.25in / 31cm Depth: 3.25in / 8cm Strap drop: 17.25in / 44cm. Available sizes: One Size
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Results 1 to 7 of 7
- 08-22-2013, 02:49 PM Thread Author #1
- Posts
- 5 Posts
Help with folders/apps for documents and PDFs?
I am trying to figure out if I can do this with the Nexus 7, and if so, which apps I would need to make it happen. I prefer apps available through Amazon, if at all possible.
Basically, I'm looking to create a main folder, WORK, on the home screen. Within WORK, I want sub-folders, such as PERSONNEL, PAYROLL, etc. In PERSONNEL, PAYROLL, etc, I would like to have Word docs, Excel spreadsheets, and PDFs. Maybe some PowerPoints. I would like to be able to tap WORK, then tap PERSONNEL, then tap the doc I want to open.
Is this possible? If so, any help, or links to how to do it would be greatly appreciated.
Re: Help with folders/apps for documents and PDFs?
Most 3rd party file manager apps (like ES File Explorer) give you the option of placing a shortcut to a folder on the homescreen. If you tap that shortcut, the file manager app opens up to that folder, and if you have subfolders, you can then tap those subfolders. Typically, if you tap a document in any file manager, it will open up. I'm not sure if there are any good apps that allow you to open up a folder hierarchy on the homescreen.
- 08-22-2013, 09:25 PM Thread Author #3
- Posts
- 5 Posts
Re: Help with folders/apps for documents and PDFs?
Thanks B. Diddy. I installed ES File Manager, and I think I understand it. When I create a folder in it, I cannot see it in Nexus 7>Internal Storage when I connect to my Win7 PC. I can see the DCIM folder in both ES and Win7, and if I drop a file on the PC into that folder, I can see it on the Nexus, BUT...if I make a subfolder inside DCIM, and then put a file in it, I can't see the subfolder on the Nexus in ES. All I can see is the file within DCIM. (For example, DCIM>NewFolder>NewFile.pdf on Win7 is DCIM>NewFile.pdf in ES on the Nexus.
I've found other people having this issue, but no solution?
Re: Help with folders/apps for documents and PDFs?
I think it's because the USB connection with the Nexus 7 is MTP (Media Transfer Protocol), which hides a lot of the folders except for media folders.
You could try using AirDroid instead of connecting via USB. This allows for wireless file transfer and folder exploration using your desktop.
- Posts
- 1,245 Posts
- Global Posts
- 1,312 Global Posts
Re: Help with folders/apps for documents and PDFs?
If you create folders IN android, you need to reboot your device before your computer will see them...
[edit]: I have not experienced the opposite...if I transfer stuff from my pc, I can always see it immediately with ES.
[edit2]: The other thing you could do to avoid the general crappiness of mtp mode is set up some network (smb) shares on your computer and then access them wirelessly using ES's LAN tab.
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- 148 Posts
Re: Help with folders/apps for documents and PDFs?
Re: Help with folders/apps for documents and PDFs?
I'll have to test that out again on my phone. I thought MTP still hid other data folders.
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HADDONFIELD - Two employees from the Bancroft School care facility in Camden County were arrested for allegedly abusing two students there.
Nastassia Hines and Mondja Djamba, both 28, work at the facility for people with special needs. They are accused of whipping a 14-year-old boy and restraining him under a desk. They are also accused of restraining a 19-year-old man under a desk. The actions were reportedly caught on camera.
After the arrests, many parents from the school reached out to News 12 New Jersey, fearful of how their children were being treated.
READ MORE: New Jersey Crime Stories
Adele Hahn says that she grew concerned about injuries her son appeared to sustain at Bancroft. She brought her concerns to the school, but an internal investigation found no wrongdoing. She says that she is still worried about sending her son to the school.
"My son is doing better but it doesn't mean that I am completely at ease. I fear for my son, I worry about my son 24-7," Hahn says.
Another parent, Lisa Egan, tells News 12 New Jersey that complaints are often followed by internal investigations that don't seem to go anywhere.
"Other parents are like 'Your son was abused… why don't you just bring him home?' Well you can't do that. As much as I want to yank him out of the program, you'll go right back to the bottom of the list," Eagan says.
A spokesperson for Bancroft released a statement, which says that the school has "a zero tolerance policy toward any action that would endanger or purposefully injure an individual served at Bancroft."
The Camden County Prosecutor's Office says that officials at Bancroft are cooperating in the investigation and there are no plans to release the video of the alleged abuse.


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Light Boxes
Rice Paper Cut-outs
Project Archive
Student Work
About the Artist
Announcements and Events
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mailing list.
On Display Now
Curious Origins
My light boxes make their Maryland debut at Blackrock's Terrace Gallery.
This solo exhibit includes five new pieces and a collaborative wall display.
Blackrock Center for the Arts
12901 Town Commons Drive
Germantown, Maryland
Opening Reception Saturday, November 5, 5:30-7:30 p.m.
Artist Talk Saturday, December 3, 2 - 3 pm
Runs through December 17, 2016
Jeweled Traditions
(An installation of cut paper, color, and light)
As of August 18, 2016, Jeweled Traditions will hang at Arlington Central Library
for an open-ended period of time!
1015 N. Quincy St.
Arlington, VA 22201
Drawing inspiration from summer's Art Trekkers class at
Arlington Arts Center
Jeweled Traditions has been made possible through an Arlington Spotlight Grant.
The papercut and Plexi installation debuted at AAC
and continued, reconfigured, to Arlington Central Library.
This program is supported in part by Arlington County through the
Arlington Cultural Affairs division of Arlington Economic Development
and the
Arlington Commission for the Arts
"May Days" spends a year at the
National Museum of the Guild of American Papercutters,
alongside other cut paper work celebrating "celebration"!
Late April 2016 - Early April 2017
GAP National Museum
Phillip Dressler Center for the Arts
214 South Harrison Avenue
Somerset, PA
All images Copyright 2016, Melanie Kehoss


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Coker Water Company
16048 Romulus Rd Buhl, Alabama 35446(205) 333-1472
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AboutCoker Water Company is located at the address 16048 Romulus Rd in Buhl, Alabama 35446. They can be contacted via phone at (205) 333-1472 for pricing, hours and directions.
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Applications Now Accepted for IBPA's Board of Directors (Fiscal Years 2018-2019)Visit Our Blog
CLA Publishing Program: Publishing Contracts and Overview of Intellectual Property Issues in Publishing
Start Date: April 26, 2014
End Date: April 26, 2014
Doors Open / Start Date: 11:00 AM - 4:30 PM
Location: Fowler Museum at UCLA
Registration: General Registration
Join CLA for an extended length program covering the intricacies of literary publishing contracts. The day will begin with a presentation by attorney Jonathan Kirsch, who will discuss the standard components of a publishing deal with a focus on real world examples from sample agreements. The presentation will also address recent changes in practices due to developments in law, technology, and publishing markets. After a half hour break, attorney Paul Levine will provide an in-depth look at four of the most common compensation arrangements for authors: advances, royalties, first and second serialization rights, and best-seller bonuses. The presentation will cover the way these arrangements are typically structured as well as the pros and cons of each model.
This program will be presented at an advanced level and is geared towards attorneys, but all members of the community are welcome to attend.
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Paul S. Levine, Esq. wears two hats: he is a lawyer and a literary agent. Mr. Levine has practiced entertainment law for over 30 years, specializing in the representation of writers, producers, actors, directors, composers, musicians, artists, authors, photographers, galleries, publishers, developers, production companies and theater companies in the fields of motion pictures, television, interactive multimedia, live stage, recorded music, concerts, the visual arts, publishing, and advertising. Since starting his literary agency, Mr. Levine has sold over 100 adult, young adult, and children's fiction and nonfiction books to at least 50 different publishers and has had many books developed as movies for television and feature films.
CLA Members no CLE – $45 online, $55 at door; w/ CLE- $120 online, $130 at door
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Creating Shared Value Partnerships
Pure Consulting
Tuesday, 18 October 2016 from 08:30 to 11:00 (CEST)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
NB! Ønsker du å melde deg på og få tilsendt giro i etterkant - send mail til firstname.lastname@example.com
Creating Shared Value Partnerships
On September 2015 the UN set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); goals aiming to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all. Over the next fifteen years countries around the world will mobilize their efforts to reach these goals.
At this breakout session we will explore how Shared Value Partnerships between corporations and start-ups can be an effective way to address one or several SDGs while creating new business value or scaling the start-up model.
Pure Consulting together with partners will conduct this breakout session and invite participants to learn more about the SDGs and how the goals can be used as a framework.
WHEN: Tuesday 18th of October 08.30 – 10:45
WHERE: Polyteknisk Forening
WHAT: 350 NOK incl morning coffee and breakfast
08:30 – 09:00
Morning coffee and check in
09:00 – 09:20
UN´s 17 Sustainability Development Goals - a useful framework for Creating Shared Value Partnerships?
Introduction talk by Nina Schefte and Kia Klavenes, Pure Consulting
09.20 – 09:40
Breaking the cycle of poverty through empowering social entrepreneurship, a way forward for IKEA
Talk by Ann-Sofie Gunnarsson Next Generation Social Entrepreneurs, IKEA Sweden
09:40 – 10:00
Forskerfabrikken + Hydro a powerful couple for motivating young people to pursue science and technology
Talk by Anne Eriksen, CEO Forskerfabrikken
10:00 – 10.20
Design for Circular Economy in L'Oreal in partnership with Wiithaa, a French start-up company
Talk by Nicolas Buttin, Co-founder Wiithaa, Circulab and author of Activer Economie Circulaire
10:20 – 10:45
Workout session – how can my company or start-up create new business value or scaling the start-up model through shared value partnerships?
When & Where
Polyteknisk Forening
Rosenkrantz gate 7
0276 Oslo
Tuesday, 18 October 2016 from 08:30 to 11:00 (CEST)
Add to my calendar
Pure Consulting
Pure Consulting is a small consulting firm specialised in creating business strategies that benefit business goals and address societal challenges.
The event is part of OSLO INNOVATION WEEK 2016.


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June 29, 2009
BRENDA M. BURNEY, PLAINTIFFv.PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, ET AL., DEFENDANTS
Pending before the Court is Defendants' motion for summary judgment on Plaintiff's claims that the termination of her probationary part-time employment with the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue ("Revenue") constituted unlawful racial discrimination in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq. ("Title VII"), and the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Plaintiff also claims that her discharge from employment constituted a violation of the Pennsylvania Human Relations Act, 43 P.S. §§ 951 et seq. ("PHRA").
On August 6, 2008, Magistrate Judge Smyser issued a report and recommendation in which he found that there remain disputed issues of fact regarding whether Defendants' proffered non-discriminatory reasons for terminating Plaintiff's employment were pretextual, and, accordingly, the Magistrate Judge recommended that the Court deny Defendants' motion for summary judgment.*fn1 Defendants filed objections to the report and recommendation, together with a supporting brief. Plaintiff filed a brief in opposition to Defendants' objections. Following a full review of the pending motion, the report and recommendation, Defendants' objections thereto, and the evidence of record, the Court agrees that there remain disputed facts in the record that preclude the entry of summary judgment. Nevertheless, the Court finds the issue to be very close and explains its decision in further detail below.
The relevant factual background of this action, as supplied by the undisputed facts provided by the parties, is set forth in detail in the report and recommendation. To provide context for the Court's opinion, certain of these facts are set forth below.
Plaintiff Brenda Burney, an African American woman, was hired as a permanent part-time Clerk I by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania's Department of Revenue ("Revenue"), effective April 3, 1999. Plaintiff was hired to work in Revenue's Imaging and Document Division, which processes, controls, and deposits tax payments. Defendant Nancy Hughes, a white female, was Plaintiff's direct supervisor categorized as a Clerical Supervisor II.
At the time in question, the Imaging and Document Division employed six to eight full-time employees; four to six part-time employees; and, during tax season, approximately 15 temporary employees who worked only four to six weeks. Between April and September 1999, the division hired six to eight employees, of whom four to six were hired as "permanent part-time" employees. Typically, permanent part-time employees worked full-time from January through June and approximately 10 days per month between July and December. Full-time employment consisted of working 7.5 hours, Monday through Friday.
New employees in the division begin their employment with a zero balance in all leave categories. New full-time employees begin to earn leave at the rate of 5% per pay period for sick leave and 2.03 hours of annual leave per pay period. Permanent part-time employees, when working less than full-time, earn a pro-rated amount of leave. Supervisors maintain records of each employee's use of leave time.
Revenue uses the following designations for time off taken by employees:
A -- Annual Leave
P -- Personal Leave S -- Sick Leave SF -- Sick Family S EX -- Sick with Doctor's Excuse EA -- Emergency Annual EP -- Emergency Personal AO -- Approved Leave Without Pay AW -- Disapproved Leave Without Pay In most cases, a doctor's note is required only for absences of three days or more, but when an employee is working during her probationary period it is considered best to provide a doctor's excuse for all sick absences. Revenue supervisors are directed to review sick leave usage and if a pattern of abuse is noted, to counsel the employee that a pattern has been observed and that if improvement is not shown, disciplinary action may be taken.
Employees must pre-schedule annual and personal leave with their employer. Full-time and permanent part-time employees are permitted four absences for emergencies per calendar year. Emergency leave is to be used when an employee has no control over the situation that necessitates an absence from work.
Pursuant to a union contract, new Revenue employees are on probation for a period of 180 days. During this time, if a probationary employee appears to be having difficulty with attendance or job performance, an interim evaluation will be provided to inform the employee of the problems and to afford the employee an opportunity to improve. These interim evaluations typically are conducted approximately three months into the probationary period. Interim evaluations are not provided for employees who do not exhibit performance or attendance problems during their probationary periods. Probationary employees who receive interim evaluations almost always improve following their review.
Plaintiff began work as a permanent part-time employee with the Imaging and Document Division on April 5, 1999, and was assigned to the proof unit. Also on or about April 5, 1999, Mollie Rossi, a Caucasian woman hired as a permanent part-time employee, was assigned to work in the division's proof unit. After Plaintiff's hire, Defendant Hughes reviewed with her a comprehensive employee orientation checklist and reviewed Revenue's job standards, work objectives, the performance review process, and the attendance policy, including: punctuality; leave requests; reporting off; and the critical nature of the probationary period.
At least initially, both Plaintiff and Rossi were assigned to perform identical work under Defendant Hughes's supervision. Plaintiff's work required her to key in dollar amounts from tax returns and balance checks with tax returns by entering a taxpayer's social security number and the taxpayer's initials. Plaintiff believed that her job was simple and not challenging.
Notwithstanding her opinion that the work she was hired to perform was simple and that the job was so "[m]ediocre" that she "could train [her] seven year old grandson to do it," Plaintiff actually had considerable difficulty meeting her employer's expectations. (Doc. No. 23, Exhibits to Defendant's Statement of Material Facts, Ex. B, Testimony of Brenda G. Burney before Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission at 114) (hereafter, "PHRA Transcript ___".)
Between April 5, 1999, and August 10, 1999, Plaintiff's average PC entry was 1324.*fn2 The standard PC entry that employees were expected to attain was 1800. Additionally, Plaintiff's average paperwork e-voucher was 213 per hour, whereas the standard for paperwork e-voucher was 450 per hour.
Plaintiff also had difficulty adhering to the leave system during her probationary period. Between April 5, 1999, and August 10, 1999, Plaintiff used the following leave:
April 19 7.5 hours AO
April 21 1.0 hours AO
April 26 1.75 hours AW
May 7.08 hours EA
May 10 7.5 hours EP
May 13 1.5 hours A
May 28 3.0 hours A
June 7 7.5 hours Sick
June 29 2.0 hours Sick
June 8 4.0 hours Sick
July 12 7.5 hours Sick
July 19 7.5 hours A
July 20 4.39 hours A
3.11 hours AW
July 21 7.5 hours AW
July 22 7.5 hours AW
(Statement of Material Facts ¶ 57.) Notably, the above schedule of absences reveals four separate entries or periods of time during which Plaintiff has absent from work without approval.
Mollie Rossi also exhibited difficulty meeting the standard requirements for the job: her PC entry was 1107, far below the 1800 standard, and her paperwork e-voucher input averaged only 121 per hour. In comparison to Plaintiff's use of the leave system, Rossi used the following leave between April 5, 1999, and August 10, 1999:
April 26 3.75 hours EX-SF
3.75 hours AO
April 28 7.5 hours EX-AO
May 6 7.5 hours A/EX
May 24 1.33 hours Sick
June 4 7.5 hours Sick
June 7 4.0 hours Sick
June 8 1.5 hours Sick
June 16.03 hours EA
June 17.03 hours EA
June 22 2.0 hours Sick
July 2 1.0 hours A
August 9 7.5 hours A
(Defendant's Statement of Material Facts ¶ 58.)
The record shows that Plaintiff and Rossi were both given interim evaluations on August 10, 1999, to address the shortcomings in their work and attendance. In her review, Plaintiff was rated "satisfactory" in four categories and "unsatisfactory" -- the lowest possible rating -- in the categories of "work results" and "work habits." Plaintiff's unsatisfactory review in work results stemmed from her low productivity on both her PC count and paperwork e-voucher. Plaintiff's unsatisfactory review in work habits was due to her excessive numbers of absences, including several instances of unauthorized and disapproved leave without pay.*fn3 Defendant Hughes reviewed each interim evaluation category with Plaintiff and told her that she believed Plaintiff could successfully complete her probationary period. Plaintiff signed the interim evaluation attesting that she agreed with the review.
Rossi was also provided with an interim evaluation in August 1999. During this review, Rossi was found to be "unsatisfactory" in her work results and was rated "needs improvement" in the area of work habits -- one grade higher than "unsatisfactory." In all other categories, Rossi was -- like Plaintiff -- deemed satisfactory.
Following the interim evaluations, Defendant Hughes offered Plaintiff and Rossi the opportunity to use a process known as the "key-ahead" system that helps some employees increase their computer productivity. Plaintiff rejected Hughes's offer to use the key-ahead system, whereas Rossi tried it.*fn4
Following Plaintiff's interim review, her work productivity actually declined. In the graded category of PC entry, Plaintiff's count averaged 1317 per hour, a 2% drop from her August interim evaluation. With respect to her e-voucher productivity, Plaintiff's statistics fell by 4%. In contrast, Mollie Rossi's PC entry increased by 12%, averaging 1864 -- above the 1800 standard.
In the area of work habits, it was noted that Plaintiff used the following leave after her August 10, 1999 interim evaluation:
August 16 7.5 hours Sick
August 24 1.5 hours Personal
August 25.05 hours EA
August 27 2.0 hours Personal
September 20 4.0 hours Sick
In contrast, following her interim evaluation Mollie Rossie used the following leave:
August 13 1.17 hours Sick
August 18 4.75 hours Sick
August 27 2.0 hours A
On August 17, 1999, Defendant Hughes counseled Plaintiff about suspected sick-leave abuse. In particular, Defendant Hughes noted that Plaintiff had called off sick on three full Mondays during her probationary period, on June 7, July 12, and August 16. Additionally, Plaintiff used emergency leave on three occasions: May 7, May 10, and August 25. Mollie Rossi was counseled about her use of two emergency leaves on June 16 and June 17.
In her September 1999 review, Plaintiff's overall rating remained "unsatisfactory." As a result, Defendant Hughes discussed Plaintiff's record with Revenue's Human Resources department, and it was recommended that Plaintiff be dismissed from her employment. Thereafter, Plaintiff was discharged from her employment on September 22, 1999. Following her review in September 1999, Mollie Rossi was rated overall as "satisfactory" and was retained as an employee.
Summary judgment is proper where "the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56; White v. Westinghouse Elec. Co., 862 F.2d 56, 59 (3d Cir. 1988). A factual dispute is material if it might affect the outcome of the suit under the applicable law. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248 (1986). A factual dispute is genuine only if there is a sufficient evidentiary basis that would allow a reasonable fact finder to return a verdict for the non-moving party. Id. at 249. The evidence presented must be viewed in the light most favorable to the non-moving party. Id. The inquiry is whether the evidence presents a sufficient disagreement to require submission to the jury or whether it is so one-sided that one party must prevail as a matter of law. Id. at 251-52.
The moving party has the initial burden of identifying evidence that it believes shows an absence of a genuine issue of material fact. Childers v. Joseph, 842 F.2d 689, 694 (3d Cir. 1988). Once the moving party has shown that there is an absence of evidence to support the non-moving party's claims, the nonmoving party may not simply sit back and rest on the allegations in the complaint. Instead, the nonmoving party must "go beyond the pleadings and by [its] own affidavits, or by the depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, designate specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial." Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 324 (1986) (internal quotations omitted). The evidence must be viewed in the light most favorable to the non-movant. See Groman v. Township of Manalapan, 47 F.3d 628, 633 (3d Cir. 1995). Summary judgment should be granted where a party "fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden at trial." Celotex, 477 U.S. at 322.
With respect to the sufficiency of the evidence that the nonmoving party must provide, a court should grant summary judgment where the non-movant's evidence is merely colorable, conclusory or speculative. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 249-50. There must be more than a scintilla of evidence supporting the nonmoving party and more than some metaphysical doubt as to the material facts. Id. at 252; Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586 (1986).
In order to establish a prima facie case of discriminatory discharge from employment, a Title VII plaintiff must show (1) that she is a member of a protected class, (2) she was qualified for the position, (3) she was discharged, and (4) the position was ultimately filled by a person not of the protected class. See, e.g., Sheridan v. E.I. Dupont de Nemours & Co., 100 F.3d 1061, 1066 n.5 (3d Cir. 1996). If a plaintiff establishes a prima facie case of discrimination, the burden of production shifts to the defendant to articulate a legitimate, non-discriminatory reason for the adverse employment decision. Fuentes v. Perskie, 32 F.3d 759, 763 (3d Cir. 1994). An employer satisfies this burden if it introduces evidence that would permit a fact finder to conclude that there was a nondiscriminatory reason for the unfavorable employment decision.
Id. Once the employer meets this burden, the burden of production returns to the plaintiff to point to some evidence, direct or circumstantial, from which a fact finder would reasonably either (1) disbelieve the employer's articulated legitimate reasons or (2) believe that an invidious discriminatory reason was more likely than not a motivating or determinative cause of the employer's action. Id. at 764. To satisfy this burden, the plaintiff must demonstrate "such weaknesses, implausibilities, inconsistencies, incoherencies, or contradictions" in the employer's proffered reasons that a reasonable fact finder could rationally find the proffered reasons unworthy of credence and infer that the employer did not act for the reasons asserted. Id. at 765.
For purposes of their summary judgment motion only, Defendants concede that Plaintiff has established a prima facie case of employment discrimination on the basis of race. (Doc. No. 29, at 3.) It is also undisputed that Defendants have proffered legitimate, non-discriminatory reasons for Plaintiff's termination: namely, that Plaintiff's work performance and work habits were unacceptable. The only issue presently in dispute is whether Plaintiff presented sufficient evidence that Defendants' proffered non-discriminatory reasons were, in fact, pretextual.
Defendants contend that Plaintiff failed to identify genuine issues of fact to show pretext and that Magistrate Judge Smyser erred in concluding that a genuine dispute exists on this issue.
Plaintiff has identified three reasons that she believes constitute sufficient grounds for a fact finder to conclude that Defendants' stated reasons for her dismissal were pretextual. First, Plaintiff contends that numerous co-workers informed her that Nancy Hughes would terminate her employment prior to the conclusion of her probationary period, allegedly for racially discriminatory reasons. Second, Plaintiff argues that because Nancy Hughes was involved in the termination of two other black permanent part-time employees, but was not involved in the termination of any white employees, this evidence is sufficient to demonstrate pretext. Finally, Plaintiff asserts that Defendants treated one similarly situated white employee, Mollie Rossi, more favorably than Plaintiff and that this fact is sufficient to show pretext. The Court will address separately each of Plaintiff's offered bases for a finding of pretext.
A. Other Employees' Statements to Plaintiff
Despite the events in this case having occurred approximately one decade ago, Plaintiff has at no time obtained an affidavit or other statement from any co-worker or other person who allegedly told her that she was not likely to pass her probationary period under Defendant Hughes's supervision, less any statement from one of these employees that Hughes was discriminatory. Review of the record reveals that Plaintiff similarly failed to produce any evidence to support this allegation during her proceedings before the Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission. It thus appears that Plaintiff has at no time obtained -- by subpoena or any other means -- testimony from any former employee who could substantiate this contention.
It is difficult to square this total absence of admissible evidence against Plaintiff's sworn testimony before the PHRC that it was a "known fact" that "a whole various amount of people that worked in the whole building" apparently knew that black employees had little chance of surviving their probationary period under Nancy Hughes's supervision. (Doc. No. 21-3, at 98.) Indeed, Plaintiff actually named several employees who allegedly had this knowledge or informed her that Defendant Hughes was discriminatory. (Id. at 97.) Yet at no time during this action or during the administrative proceedings before the PHRC has Plaintiff secured any statement from any of these persons attesting to her own representation of this "fact." The Court finds Plaintiff's contention to be no more than a self-serving, conclusory statement bereft of any evidentiary value; indeed, Plaintiff's testimony on this subject is clearly hearsay as it is being offered for the truth of the matter asserted.*fn5 See Fed. R. Evid. 801(c); see also Fed. R. Evid. 802 (providing general rule that hearsay is not admissible); Blackburn v. UPS, Inc., 179 F.3d 81, 103 (3d Cir. 1999) (hearsay should not be considered evidence of pretext on summary judgment). The Court agrees with Defendants that Plaintiff's own unsupported allegation that other employees told her that Nancy Hughes would likely terminate her prior to the end of her probationary period is, alone or coupled with other evidence, inadequate to show pretext.
B. Evidence Regarding Other Terminated Employees
Next, Plaintiff argues that Defendants' proffered non-discriminatory reasons for her own termination could be found pretextual because two other black permanent part-time employees were terminated under Nancy Hughes and because no other white employees were terminated during the period of time that Hughes served in a supervisory capacity. Upon consideration, the Court finds that this evidence is so limited that it cannot form the basis for a finding of pretext.
First, it is undisputed that one of the employees, Tamme Folks, was terminated after Revenue learned that she had failed to disclose a prior retail theft conviction on her pre-employment application. There is no dispute that Revenue maintained a strict policy of not retaining any employee who had been convicted of theft because of the employees' ready access to cash and checks, and there is also no legitimate dispute that Ms. Folks was in fact terminated as a result of her retail theft conviction.*fn6 The fact that Ms. Folks was terminated as a result of her undisclosed theft conviction is simply not probative on the question of whether Defendants' proffered reasons for terminating Plaintiff's employment were pretextual.
The second employee that Plaintiff identified as having been terminated during her probationary period is Sharee Vasser. Defendants contend, and the record contains evidence showing, that although Nancy Hughes found Ms. Vasser to have good work results, she had been found by Revenue's Human Resources department to have problems attending work and that she otherwise abused the leave system. Nothing in the record shows that Nancy Hughes had meaningful influence over the decision to terminate Ms. Vasser's employment with Revenue. Upon consideration, the Court finds that these two isolated instances of other African American employees being terminated after working under Nancy Hughes during their probationary periods do not provide evidence relevant to show that Defendants' proffered non-discriminatory reasons for terminating Plaintiff's employment were pretextual. Again, other than to identify each of these employees as African American, Plaintiff provides no evidence to contradict or cast doubt upon Defendants' evidence that these employees were terminated for entirely legitimate reasons. The Court's finding in this regard is bolstered by the uncontradicted evidence in the record that no other black employees had complained, formally or otherwise, that Ms. Hughes treated them in a discriminatory manner. (Defendants' Statement of Materials Facts ¶ 92; Plaintiff's Answer to Defendants' Statement of Material Facts ¶ 92.) Accordingly, the Court finds that Plaintiff's assertion that Defendant Hughes had terminated two African American employees but no white employees does not satisfy her burden of pointing to evidence from which a fact finder could find pretext.
C. Mollie Rossi Was Not Terminated
This leaves Plaintiff with a single basis for a finding of pretext necessary to survive Defendants' motion for summary judgment: namely, that she was terminated by Revenue while Mollie Rossi, a white employee whom Plaintiff contends was similarly situated, was not. Defendants argue that Magistrate Judge Smyser erred in finding that genuine issues of disputed fact existed to deny summary judgment on this ground.
In his report, Magistrate Judge Smyser framed the issues and the evidence relevant to Mollie Rossi as follows:
The plaintiff advances as a reason for finding pretext that the plaintiff had similar work results as compared to Mollie Rossi, the parallel track Caucasian, but yet had lower evaluations. The defendants observe, however, that Rossi was improving and that the plaintiff was not improving. They observe also, that the final dismissal-precipitating event preceding the plaintiff's termination was her poor work results and poor work habits as reflected in a large number of absences including disapproved leave. (Doc. No. 27, at 24.) After identifying the issues in this way, the report and recommendation immediately proceeds to conclude that "[t]here is a genuine dispute of fact as to the issue [of] whether the dismissal of the plaintiff from her probationary position was a pretext for racial discrimination." (Id. at 24-25.) However, the report does not identify which issues of fact remain in dispute. Having already rejected two of the three grounds Plaintiff offered to show pretext, the Court finds it necessary to examine with more careful scrutiny the last remaining issue regarding Defendants' allegedly disparate treatment of Mollie Rossi and Plaintiff.
The undisputed facts show that both Plaintiff and Rossi began working in April 1999 as permanent part-time Clerks I with Revenue's Imaging and Document Division, both were assigned to perform identical work, and both were supervised by Nancy Hughes. Also undisputed is the fact that Plaintiff and Rossi were given interim evaluations on or about August 10, 1999, and both evaluations were identical in four categories. (Defendant's Statement of Material Facts ¶ 45.) In their interim evaluations, both women were rated as "unsatisfactory" in "work results" -- the lowest possible rating. Plaintiff and Rossi were graded as unsatisfactory in this category because they both fell significantly below the standard PC entry target of 1800 that was used to measure their monthly production: Plaintiff's average PC entry was 1324 whereas Rossi's was even lower at 1107.
With respect to their evaluations for "work habits" -- which depends heavily on how much time a probationary employee was out of work during the review period, and otherwise how the employee adhered to Revenue's leave system -- Rossi was rated "needs improvement" whereas Plaintiff was rated "unsatisfactory." Although Plaintiff insists that there could be no legitimate basis to classify the women differently because they both missed "the exact same number of days" during the interim evaluation period (Doc. No. 24, at 8), review of the record shows that Plaintiff and Rossi used the leave system differently and in important ways. Most notably, it is undisputed that on three separate occasions during the interim review period, Plaintiff incurred disapproved leave without pay. Moreover, Plaintiff elected not to go to work during these days even after she had been counseled that she could not take the time off work and that her services were needed because the division was entering a peak period of the year.*fn7
During her probationary period, Plaintiff was also counseled on multiple occasions regarding suspected sick leave abuse and her use of emergency leave. Although both women had difficulty complying with the leave policy, the differences in their use of leave and, importantly, their use of the leave system following their interim evaluations in August 1999, shows that Plaintiff and Rossi were not similarly situated. Defendants have identified legitimate reasons for grading Plaintiff's and Rossi's work habits differently during both the interim evaluations and in the subsequent September review, and the undisputed facts support Defendants' asserted reasons for the difference in the reviews. Accordingly, the Court does not find that the difference between the grades given to Plaintiff and Rossi for their "work habits" supplies relevant evidence to show that Defendants' proffered reasons for Plaintiff's ultimate dismissal were pretextual.
Having found that none of the foregoing arguments or evidence provides a sufficient showing of pretext to defeat Defendants' motion for summary judgment, the Court turns to the disparate evaluations that Plaintiff and Mollie Rossi received for their work results and, ultimately, to the Defendants' eventual decision to terminate Plaintiff's employment while retaining Rossi.
Defendants argue that Mollie Rossi's work results improved during the probationary period and, specifically, following her interim review and that this improvement accounts for her being graded overall as "satisfactory." In contrast, Defendants emphasize that Plaintiff's work results actually declined over the course of the probationary period and that this decline supports the conclusion that Plaintiff's overall work results and employment performance was "unsatisfactory." Defendants maintain that these differences provide a reasonable basis for Defendants to have terminated Plaintiff and continued Rossi's employment.
The record clearly contains evidence supporting Defendants' point regarding Plaintiff's and Rossi's work results, and the record would support a finding that the sharp contrast in their work performance following the interim evaluations was the basis for Plaintiff's eventual discharge. Plaintiff, however, contends that the disparity in the two women's work performance was actually attributable to the following two facts: (1) Hughes explained to Rossi -- but not to Plaintiff -- how to utilize the key-ahead process and provided her with meaningful training in the use of the process, thus enabling Rossi to improve her work results; and (2) Plaintiff was often loaned out to assist other departments, whereas Rossi was not, thereby affording Rossi a substantially greater opportunity to improve her work results while Plaintiff was not provided with a similar opportunity. Plaintiff points to examples of her own testimony in the record in support of both of these contentions.*fn8 Defendants elected not to respond to either of Plaintiff's arguments in a reply brief. Upon careful consideration, the Court concludes that Plaintiff theoretically may be able to demonstrate that Defendants' proffered reasons were pretextual if she can establish that Defendants were attentive to and focused on Rossi's training and improvement at the same time they were excluding Plaintiff from benefitting from such training and work opportunities.*fn9
In their opening brief, Defendants urge the Court not to allow Plaintiff to rely on a comparison between herself and a single white employee for purposes of prosecuting her discrimination claims. In support of this argument, Defendants cite to a decision from the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit in which the court quoted another appellate court's finding that "a black plaintiff cannot establish racial discrimination by singling out one white person who was treated more favorably when there were other white persons who were treated less favorably than other black persons." Simpson v. Kay Jewelers, 142 F.3d 639, 646 (3d Cir. 1998) (quoting Bush v. Commonwealth Edison Co., 990 F.2d 928, 931 (7th Cir. 1993)). Defendants also quote a passage from Simpson in which they contend that the Third Circuit expanded upon this principle by stating:
[T]o hold otherwise would be to permit the inference of discrimination anytime a single member of a non-protected group was allegedly treated more favorably than one member of the protected group regardless of how many other members of the non-protected group were treated equally or less favorably.
Comparison to one other employee may support an inference of discrimination at the prima facie stage of the discrimination inquiry, but more is required to establish pretext. (Doc. No. 29, at 9) (quoting Simpson, 142 F.3d at 646). Upon review of the cited authority, the Court finds that the second part of this quotation is actually not part of the Third Circuit's opinion but is instead the lesson of Simpson as interpreted by the United States District Court for the District of Delaware in Blackshear v. City of Wilmington, 15 F. Supp. 2d 417, 429-30 (D. Del. 1998). The Simpson court did provide the first part of the quotation but not the second. As Plaintiff notes, Simpson and the decision of the Seventh Circuit that it follows both involved situations where a plaintiff not only relied upon comparison with a single other employee but also ignored that other non-protected employees were treated equally or less favorably. This second factor is entirely absent from the instant case, at least on the record provided. Although the Court finds that this presents a very close case given the paucity of evidence Plaintiff has assembled, the Court does not find that Simpson mandates that Defendants must prevail on their pretext argument.
The Court has reviewed the record with care. As noted above, the Court finds that most of Plaintiff's assertions with respect to pretext either are unpersuasive or have no evidentiary support and are therefore rejected. The Court also finds that the evidence Plaintiff has submitted regarding the different treatment of Plaintiff and Mollie Rossi is largely unpersuasive. In this regard, the Court rejects Plaintiff's assertion that Defendants have failed to justify evaluating the two women differently with respect to their work habits because the record plainly shows a meaningful difference in their respective performance in this category. Similarly, the record shows material differences in the two women's work productivity -- the so-called "work results." The Court recognizes that although Plaintiff initially outperformed Rossi (albeit below Revenue's standards for productivity), Rossi later improved whereas Plaintiff regressed. However, Plaintiff has identified disputed issues of fact in the record regarding whether Plaintiff was afforded a comparable opportunity to improve her work results, including testimony that following her interim evaluation she spent a very considerable amount of time being loaned to other departments and engaging in menial tasks that gave her no chance to improve her scores. The Court acknowledges that this evidence is very limited, is essentially self-serving, and is not only contradicted by other evidence in the record but was previously discredited by a panel of the PHRC. These factors make the Court's finding difficult, but the Court ultimately concludes that Defendants' motion for summary judgment should be denied because Plaintiff has come forward with some evidence from which a fact finder could potentially find Defendants' proffered non-discriminatory reasons for her termination to have been pretextual.
Upon careful consideration of Defendants' motion for summary judgment and the evidence submitted by the parties, Magistrate Judge Smyser's report and recommendation, Defendants' objections thereto, and Plaintiff's response, and for the reasons set forth above, the Court concludes that Defendants' motion for summary judgment should be denied. An order consistent with this memorandum follows.
AND NOW, this 29th day of June 2009, upon consideration of Defendants' motion for summary judgment on Plaintiff's claims of employment discrimination; and following de novo review of the review and recommendation that was issued, as well as Defendants' objections thereto; and for the reasons set forth in the within memorandum, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT:
1. Defendant's motion for summary judgment (Doc. No. 19) is DENIED.
2. The report and recommendation (Doc. No. 27) is ADOPTED for the reasons the Court set forth specifically in the accompanying memorandum.
3. Defendant's objections to the report and recommendation (Doc. No. 28) are OVERRULED.
Yvette Kane, Chief Judge United States District Court Middle District of Pennsylvania
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1737 Gaviota Ave., Long Beach, CA 90813
- $585,000
- 66 Days on site
- Est: $2,167/month
Estimate Your Monthly Payment
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- Mortgage Center
- Beds: 5
- Baths: 2 Full
- Duplex
- 1,822 sq ft
3 bedroom 2 bath house and a 1 bedroom over detached garage, plus a studio. Fully occupied with long term tenants. Features include: extensive carport which is wired for sound system and lighting, community laundry and patio area. ****Parking for 9 cars easy, plus possibly 3 additional which includes the garage and the carport. DO NOT DISTURB TENANTS. Click here to learn more about this listing..
- Year Built: 1923
- 66 Days on site
- Duplex
- Beds: 5
- Baths: 2 Full
Listing Details
- Lot Size
- Approximately 5846 Square Feet
- Assessed Taxable Amount
- $407,929
- Tax Amount
- $4,836
- Last Transaction Date
- 09/12/2008
- Property Type
- Duplex
- Bedrooms
- 5
- Bathrooms
- 2
- Home Size (Sqft)
- 1,822
- Lot Size (Sqft)
- 5,846
- Lot Size (Acres)
- 0.13
- Year Built
- 1923
- Units
- 2
- Heating System
- Floor / Wall
Public Facts: As provided by County Assessor and Recorder offices. May not reflect recent additions or improvements. If you see any errors, the best way to get the records updated is to contact your local county records office. If any of the information in this section conflicts with property information provided by a listing agent or broker, agent-provided information should be deemed more reliable.
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Nearby Elementary Schools
- Whittier Elementary
- 1761 Walnut Ave
- Creative Arts School
- 1423 Walnut Ave
- Roosevelt Elementary
- 1400 E 20th St
Nearby Middle Schools
- Jessie Nelson Academy
- 1951 Cherry Ave
- Franklin Classical Middle
- 540 Cerritos Ave
- New City
- 1637 Long Beach Blvd
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- 620 Olive Ave
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Global Large Format Printers Market 2016 Industry, Analysis, Research, Share, Growth, Sales, Trends, Supply, Forecast to 2021
Global Large Format Printers Market Research Report is a professional and in-depth study on industry Size, Share, Trends, Growth, Application, Consumption Volume and Value, Forecast, Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin 2016 to 2021
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Split by product type, with production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into
Dye Sublimation
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Application 1
Application 2
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Table of Contents
Global Large Format Printers Market Research Report 2021
1 Large Format Printers Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Large Format Printers
1.2 Large Format Printers Segment by Types
1.2.1 Global Production Market Share of Large Format Printers by Type in 2015
1.2.2 Aqueous Overview and Price
220.127.116.11 Aqueous Overview
188.8.131.52 Aqueous Price List in 2015 and 2016
1.2.3 Solvent
22.214.171.124 Solvent Overview
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126.96.36.199 UV-Curable Overview
18.104.22.168 UV-Curable Price List in 2015 and 2016
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22.214.171.124 Latex Overview
188.8.131.52 Latex Price List in 2015 and 2016
1.2.6 Dye Sublimation
22.214.171.124 Dye Sublimation Overview
22.214.171.124 Dye Sublimation Price List in 2015 and 2016
1.3 Large Format Printers Segment by Application
1.3.1 Large Format Printers Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
1.3.2 Application 1 and Major Clients (Buyers) List
1.3.3 Application 2 and Major Clients (Buyers) List
1.3.4 Application 3 and Major Clients (Buyers) List
1.4 Large Format Printers Market by Region
1.4.1 North America Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.4.2 China Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.4.3 Europe Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.4.5 India Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.4.6 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.5 Global Market Size (Value and Volume) of Large Format Printers (2011-2021)
1.5.1 Global Large Format Printers Production and Revenue (2011-2021)
1.5.2 Global Large Format Printers Production and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
1.5.3 Global Large Format Printers Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
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lh18 Review
Great Clubs
I've been golfing for a few years and I definitely recommend this set. This is the first I've had where I have Hybrids and I like them. I went to the driving range and have played two rounds of golf with these clubs and they swing great. For intermediate golfers I recommend purchasing a separate driver. Because its a 14 loft, I can hit the 4 Hybrid as far as my Driver.
- Was the product free of any manufacturer defects? Yes
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Can you tell me, which version of Windows do you use ?
Are you getting my replies ? , I cannot accept your remote support offer, as it seems there is some problem with the payments, you may have to call your credit card company to release this payment.
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The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today released an ambitious new research agenda for the development of cellulosic ethanol as an alternative to gasoline. The 200-page scientific "roadmap" cites recent advances in biotechnology that have made cost-effective production of ethanol from cellulose, or inedible plant fiber, an attainable goal. The report outlines a detailed research plan for developing new technologies to transform cellulosic ethanol--a renewable, cleaner-burning, and carbon-neutral alternative to gasoline--into an economically viable transportation fuel.
"Cellulosic ethanol has the potential to be a major source for transportation fuel for America's energy future," Under Secretary for Science Raymond L. Orbach said. "Low production cost and high efficiency require transformational changes in processing cellulose to ethanol. DOE's Genomics: GTL program is poised to help do just that."
The roadmap responds directly to the goal recently announced by Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman of displacing 30 percent of 2004 transportation fuel consumption with biofuels by 2030. This goal was set in response to the President's Advanced Energy Initiative.
The roadmap identifies the research required for overcoming challenges to the large-scale production of cellulosic ethanol to help meet this goal, including maximizing biomass feedstock productivity, developing better processes by which to break down cellulosic materials into sugars, and optimizing the fermentation process to convert sugars to ethanol. Cellulosic ethanol is derived from the fibrous, woody and generally inedible portions of plant matter (biomass).
The focus of the research plan is to use advances in biotechnology -- first developed in the Human Genome Project and continued in the Genomics: GTL program in the Department's Office of Science -- to jump-start a new fuel industry whose products can be transported, stored and distributed with only modest modifications to the existing infrastructure and can fuel many of today's vehicles.
The new roadmap was developed during a December 2005 workshop hosted jointly by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the Office of Science and the Office of the Biomass Program in the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. The success of the plan relies heavily on the continuation of the partnership between the two offices established at that workshop.
"Biofuels represent a tremendous opportunity to move our nation toward a reduced dependence on imported oil," DOE Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Alexander Karsner said. "We fully intend to use all of our resources and talent to support the President's goal of breaking our addiction to oil, while also enhancing our energy security."
Jeff Sherwood | EurekAlert!
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In experiments with magnetic atoms conducted at extremely low temperatures, scientists have demonstrated a unique phase of matter: The atoms form a new type of quantum liquid or quantum droplet state. These so called quantum droplets may preserve their form in absence of external confinement because of quantum effects. The joint team of experimental physicists from Innsbruck and theoretical physicists from Hannover report on their findings in the journal Physical Review X.
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text:
When Molly Everhart Trueblood doesn't show up for her shift at Seven Sassy Sisters Herb Shop and Café, Jane Yellowrock goes to the house to check on her. There Jane discovers a black cloud of wild, out of control magic attacking the small home. How can Jane save the small family?
©2011 Faith Hunter (P)2013 Audible Inc.
"There's always the first."
Not too bad.bi suppose the Southern USA accent was due because that's where Jane came from. Thisbis an excellent series of books, which have given me many happy hours reading. is this romance? Then so are the Bond books. keepmup the good work Faith!
"Short and sweet!"
This is a fun short story, but be aware that it is an extract from one of the other books, not a new story.
Also be aware that while some of these 'shorts' are an hour or more long, others are rather less than that.
Very enjoyable listen anyway!
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