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December 17, 2010
HENGJUN CHAO, M.D., PLAINTIFF,v.THE MOUNT SINAI HOSPITAL, THE MOUNT SINAI MEDICAL CENTER, THE MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, DENNIS S. CHARNEY, M.D., REGINALD MILLER, DVM, ELLEN F. COHN, PH.D., A/K/A/ ELLEN BLOCK COHN, : MAREK MLODZIC, PH.D., HANS SNOECK, PH.D., TERRY KRULWICH, PH.D., HELEN VLASSARA, M.D., JAMES GODBOLD, PH.D., LILIANA OSSOWSKI, MSC, PH.D., DEFENDANTS.
Plaintiff Dr. Hengjun Chao asserts claims for defamation and other torts arising from a series of statements made during the course of an investigation and disciplinary proceeding related to allegations of research misconduct. Dr. Chao also brings contract-related claims in connection with the termination of his employment contract as well as claims for race-based discrimination under federal, state and local law. Defendants move to dismiss the claims for defamation and other torts, but have not challenged the remaining claims. Although both parties have been unable to follow the page limits permitted and their briefs far exceed the length allowed, I have considered the entirety of their submissions. For the reasons that follow the motion to dismiss is GRANTED in part and DENIED in part.
The genesis of the dispute and allegations of research misconduct In 2007 Dr. Chao worked for Defendant Mount Sinai School of Medicine ("MSSM") as an Assistant Professor and medical researcher. Compl. ¶ 9. Defendant Dr. Ellen Cohn was a postdoctoral student working in Dr. Chao's laboratory. Compl. ¶ 24. This dispute writ large originated with a series of research misconduct allegations that Dr. Chao and Dr. Cohn made against one another in 2007. Dr. Cohn claimed that in July, 2007, Dr. Chao asked her to misrepresent research results by omitting certain data collected from experimental mice, switching other data, and using insufficient sample sizes and analysis. Essig Aff. Ex. E, at 2, 7. Dr. Chao claimed that Dr. Cohn had chosen to misrepresent data of her own and he had tried to stop her. Compl. ¶¶ 24, 26; Essig Aff. Ex. D, at 1, Ex. E, at 7-9. On the advice of a faculty advisor, Cohn consulted Dr. Gwen Randolph, who was collaborating with both parties on the disputed project. Dr. Randolph met with Dr. Chao and Dr. Cohn on July 26, 2007, but was ultimately unable to resolve their dispute over the appropriateness of switching and omitting certain data. Essig Aff. Ex. D., at 2., Ex. E, at 8. As a result, Dr. Cohn transferred out of Dr. Chao's laboratory on August 17, 2007, and began working instead with Defendant Dr. Liliana Ossowski.
On September 21, 2007, Cohn discovered that Dr. Chao was about to submit a manuscript to the journal Nature Medicine that included the allegedly misrepresented data that had given rise to her dispute with the Plaintiff. Dr. Cohn was concerned not just about the propriety of using the data, but also about the fact that she was named as the second author despite having done most of the underlying research and having been largely excluded from the writing and review process. Essig Aff. Ex. D, at 2. On September 25, 2007, Dr. Cohn met with Division Chief Atweh to voice these concerns. Atweh agreed to request that Dr. Chao not submit the manuscript, and arranged a meeting with Dr. Chao and Dr. Cohn for September 27, 2007.
On September 26, 2007, before that meeting could take place, Chao filed a complaint with MSSM's Research Integrity Officer, Defendant Reginald Miller ("RIO Miller"), alleging that Dr. Cohn had fabricated research data in an experiment conducted in January. Compl ¶ 27; Essig Aff.Ex. D, at 2. RIO Miller cautioned Chao that he was concerned the allegations were made for retaliatory reasons. Chao maintained that his complaint was well founded and he wished to press ahead. After commencing an informal preliminary review, RIO Miller determined that Dr. Chao's allegations could not be supported, and Dr. Chao withdrew his complaint. Compl ¶¶ 28-29; Essig Aff. Supp. Mot. Dismiss Ex. E, at 2. Cohn learned of this the next day and, on September 28, learned that Chao had submitted the manuscript without meeting with her.
On October 3, 2007, Cohn filed her own complaint with RIO Miller against Chao. Compl. ¶¶ 30-31. On November 20, 2007, Chao renewed his allegations of research misconduct against Cohn. Regulations governing research misconduct at MSSM When MSSM receives a complaint of research misconduct, it must investigate the allegations in conformity with two coextensive procedures. One is mandated by federal regulations applicable to institutions receiving federal Public Health Service ("PHS") funding, and falls within the jurisdiction of the Office of Research Integrity ("ORI"), an independent entity within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The other is mandated by MSSM's Faculty Handbook, which incorporates in large part the relevant federal regulations, and falls within the jurisdiction of MSSM's multi-tiered disciplinary review system described below. See MSSM Faculty Handbook, Ch. VI, Essig Aff. Ex. B; 42 C.F.R. § 93.300-319 (detailing "Responsibilities of Institutions").
In accordance with the MSSM Faculty Handbook, allegations of misconduct are reported to the Research Integrity Officer ("RIO"). See MSSM Faculty Handbook, Essig Aff. Ex. C, at 7. The RIO meets with the Research Integrity Committee ("RIC") to determine whether the allegations fit within the definition of research misconduct and/or trigger obligations under federal regulations, and assess whether the allegations are "sufficiently credible and specific" to merit further action. If further action is appropriate, the RIC may convene a standing Inquiry Panel ("the Panel"), which consists of at least three members and conducts an initial fact-finding inquiry into the alleged misconduct to determine whether a full investigation should be carried out. The accused faculty member may object to the composition of the Panel based on conflicts of interest. Within 60 days, the Panel must issue a report to the Deciding Officer, in this case the Dean, elaborating its findings and recommending whether to proceed to the "investigation stage." The accused faculty member receives a draft of the report and is entitled to respond and any response will be included in the final report to the Dean. Based on the final report, the Dean decides whether a formal investigation is called for, and must notify ORI within 30 days of his decision.
At the formal investigation stage, the RIC appoints a fact-finding committee (the "Investigation Committee"). The Investigation Committee is composed of research scientists and conducts "a thorough investigation." Its review must "encompass all significant issues identified during the course of the investigation," and "review all relevant documents and interview each person who has been reasonably identified as having relevant information." Id. It then issues a report to the Dean outlining its conclusions regarding research misconduct using a preponderance of the evidence standard. Id. at 10. C.f. 42 C.F.R. § 93.219. Once again, the accused must receive a draft and has access to evidence in order to respond. Any response will be considered in a final report to the Dean. Within 120 days the Dean must review the report and take any related action including disciplinary action. Id. at 10-11.
Any faculty member subject to disciplinary action is entitled to appeal to the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal upon request to the chair of the faculty. See MSSM Faculty Handbook, Ch. VI, Essig Aff. Supp. Mot. Dismiss Ex. C.*fn1 The Tribunal must hold a hearing within 20 days of a request and "examine all charges and allegations, hear testimony, question witnesses, inspect records and reports, call witnesses, and request the production of records and reports" and allow the faculty member to present relevant witnesses and evidence on his behalf. Testimony must be under oath, the hearing must be recorded stenographically, and both the Dean and Investigation Committee, whose determinations are being appealed, as well as the accused faculty member may be represented by counsel. Id. at 2. The Tribunal makes its findings based on "a preponderance of the evidence" standard, and if appropriate may recommend disciplinary action, including termination. Id. The Dean relays this report to the accused.
The Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal's findings may be appealed to the Board of Trustees. The Chair of the Board convenes an Appeals Board withat least three members from the Board of Trustees. The Appeals Board reviews the record below for: (a) fairness, and (b) a reasonable basis for the findings of the Tribunal and the actions of the Dean. This decision is final within MSSM. Id. at 2-3.
Apart from the MSSM process, ORI may respond separately and directly to any allegation of research misconduct. See 42 C.F.R. § 93.400-523; 42 U.S.C. § 216, 241, 289b. It may review an institution's findings and process, or conduct a separate investigation, make a separate finding of misconduct, and recommend separate disciplinary actions. § 93.400. In making its independent assesment of the allegations, ORI must considers whether they meet the definition of misconduct, whether they implicate PHS funding, and whether they are sufficiently specific. § 93.402.
The inquiry and investigation into research misconduct
a. The initial inquiry into allegations of research misconduct After receiving the cross-complaints of research misconduct from Dr. Cohn and Dr. Chao,RIO Miller met with the RIC and determined that both complaints were sufficiently credible and specific to carry forward. He then convened an Inquiry Panel to review both complaints separately. Compl. ¶¶ 31, 39-40; Def.'s Mem. Supp. Mot. Dismiss 9; Pl.'s Mem. Opp'n Def.'s Mot. Dismiss 5; Essig Aff. Ex. E, at 2.
On December 6, 2007, the Inquiry Panel reviewed the complaint against Dr. Chao and prepared a report which it distributed first to Chao, and then to Defendant Dean Charney and ORI, recommending the commencement of an investigation. Compl. ¶¶ 40-43; Def.'s Mem. Supp. Mot.
Dismiss 8. On February 25, 2008, the Inquiry Panel decided that certain allegations against Cohn were likewise sufficiently substantial to commence an investigation. The Panel distributed the second report to Cohn, and then to Dean Charney and ORI. On March 18, 2008, after reviewing the Panel's reports, Dean Charney informed ORI that he had determined that MSSM would proceed with an investigation into both allegations. Essig Aff. Ex. E, at 3.
b. The formal investigation Based on ORI's recommendation for ensuring fairness, MSSM's formal investigation addressed both complaints as part of the same proceeding. Dean Charney appointed an Investigation Committee comprised of defendant faculty members Dr. Mlodzik, Dr. Snoeck, Dr. Krulwich, Dr. Vlassara, and Dr. Godbold. These members came from various divisions of MSSM. Compl. ¶ 39; Essig Aff. Ex. E, at 1. The Committee met first on April 14, 2008, and held 13 formal sessions between April 28, 2008, and March 13, 2009. At these sessions the Committee interviewed Dr. Cohn, Dr. Chao, Meagan Kelly (a lab technician who had worked with Dr. Chao), Dr. Randolph (who had collaborated with both complainants), Defendant Dr. Ossowski (who ran the lab that Dr. Cohn went to work in after her dispute with Dr. Chao), Dr. Christopher Walsh (Dr. Chao's mentor), Dr. Carl Nathan, and Dr. Atweh (the complainants' Division Chief). Compl. ¶¶ 41, 62; Essig Aff. Ex. E, at 4.
In early 2009, the Committee provided a draft report to Chao finding that he had committed research misconduct. Dr. Chao responded with comments and objections on February 11, 2009. On April 7, 2009, the Committee issued its final report to Dean Charney and to ORI, concluding that Chao had engaged in misconduct and failed to follow the "standards of good laboratory practice" (the "Report" or "Final Report"). Compl. ¶¶ 51, 55-57; Essig Aff. Ex. E. The Report included an addendum in which the Investigaiton Committee provided responses to Chao's comments and objections. Essig Aff. Ex. E. Addendum, at 2.
On May 7, 2009, Dean Charney terminated Chao's appointment to the faculty, based on the Committee's Final Report. Compl. ¶ 63; Essig Aff. Ex. F. Dr. Chao sought review of his termination before the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal. On June 10, 2009, as part of his ongoing efforts to clear his name, Dr. Chao obtained a letter from Dr. Alan R. Price, a private consultant and former ORI official, in which Dr. Price argued that the Final Report was "inadequate, seriously flawed and grossly unfair in dealing with Dr. Chao." Moskowitz Aff. Ex. C.
The ORI review
The ORI's Division of Investigative Oversight ("DIO") reviewed the Final Report issued in both Chao's and Cohn's cases. In the fall of 2009, it informed RIO Miller that it was declining to recommend that ORI pursue findings of research misconduct in either case. Compl. ¶ 53; Moskowitz Aff. Ex. D; Essig Aff Ex. G; Pl.'s Mem. Opp'n Def.'s Mot. Dismiss 12-13. In announcing its decisions on each case, DIO used form language affirming the institution's authority to conduct its own investigation and make its own findings, according to its own particular standards. In pertinant part, it concluded the following:
Based on the evidence provided by MSSM and during DIO's oversight review, ORI is declining to pursue findings of research misconduct in this case.
In choosing not to pursue findings of research misconduct, ORI recognizes the authority of MSSM to independently set its own standards and make determinations of when staff have failed to meet the norms of behavior expected at the institution. ORI's administrative determination in this case does not diminish the authority of MSSM to draw its own conclusions about the scientific or professional misconduct [at issue].
Moskowitz Aff. Opp'n Mot. Dismiss Ex. D; Essig Aff. Supp. Mot. Dismiss Ex. G. The MSSM appeals process On November 19, 2009, the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal affirmed Dr. Chao's termination. MSSM's Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal, convened by the Faculty Council and not the Dean, met for three sessions in 2009. It reviewed the claims, records and reports, and heard the testimony and cross-examination of several witnesses, including members of the Investigation Committee. Dr. Chao and Dean Charney were each represented by counsel. Compl. ¶ 65; Essig Aff. Ex. H. In affirming Dr. Chao's termination, the Tribunal found that the Investigation Committee's conclusions were substantiated by a preponderance of the evidence. Compl. ¶ 70; Essig Aff. Ex. H.
On December 16, 2009, Chao appealed the decision of the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal to MSSM's Board of Trustees, which is independent of both the faculty and the Dean. Moskowitz Aff. Ex. B. The Chairman of the Board of Trustees appointed an Appeals Board consisting of three members of the Board of Trustees. Chao and Dean Charney were once again represented by counsel for these proceedings. On January 26, the parties made written submissions and on February 9, 2010, they made responses. On March 9, 2010, the Board heard oral arguments from both parties. On March 16, 2010, the Board rendered its decision to sustain Dr. Chao's termination, finding no basis to overturn the Dean's action nor the decision of the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal . Compl. ¶ 71; Essig Aff. Ex. I.
The current action
Following the decision of the Appeals' Board, Dr. Chao commenced the present civil action on April 2, 2010. Chao brings claims for defamation and other torts, arguing that statements made by the Defendants at various stages of the process caused injury to his reputation as well as the loss of his job, attorneys fees , emotional distress as a result of the process, and distraction from his research. In particular, Dr. Chao points to (1) statements made by Dr. Cohn and Dr. Ossowski in offering evidence during the inquiry and investigation phases; (2) statements made in the Investigation Committee's Final Report; (3) statements made by members of the Investigation Committee and Dean Charney while testifying before the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal; (4) statements made by Dean Charney to the Appeals Board; and (5) statements made by MSSM that "Chao had been fired for data fraud."
A motion to dismiss brought under Rule 12(b)(6) will be granted if there is a "failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted." Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6). To survive dismissal on this ground, a plaintiff must "plead enough facts to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face." Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007). A facially plausible claim is one where "the plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the court to draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged." Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 1949 (2009). While the court must "draw all reasonable inferences in the [non-movant's] favor," Roth v. Jennings, 489 F.3d 499, 510 (2d Cir. 2007), it need not accord "[l]egal conclusions, deductions or opinions couched as factual allegations ... a presumption of truthfulness." In re NYSE Specialists Sec. Litig., 503 F.3d 89, 95 (2d Cir. 2007) (quotation marks omitted); Fuji Photo Film U.S.A., Inc. v. McNulty, 669 F. Supp. 2d 405, 410 (S.D.N.Y. 2009).
A court may consider "undisputed documents, such as a written contract attached to, or incorporated by reference in, the complaint." Chapman v. New York State Div. for Youth, 546 F.3d 230, 234 (2d Cir. 2008); Gargiulo v. Forster & Garbus Esqs., 651 F. Supp. 2d 188, 190 (S.D.N.Y. 2009) (a district court deciding a motion to dismiss defamation claims "may consider documents attached to the complaint or incorporated by reference, such as the affidavits containing the allegedly actionable statements."). "[E]ven if not attached or incorporated by reference, a document upon which the complaint solely relies and which is integral to the complaint may be considered" on a motion to dismiss. Roth, 489 F.3d at509.
1.Defamation (4th cause of action)
A claim for defamation in New York must allege "(1) a false statement about the complainant; (2) published to a third party without authorization or privilege; (3) through fault amounting to at least negligence on the part of the publisher; (4) that either constitutes defamation per se or caused 'special damages.'" Gargiulo, 651 F. Supp. 2d at 192 (S.D.N.Y. 2009) (internal quotation marks removed) (citing Dillon v. City of New York, 261 A.D.2d 34, 38 (N.Y. App. Div. 1999)). "A statement that tends to injure another in his or her trade, business or profession is defamatory per se." Fuji Photo Film U.S.A., Inc, 669 F. Supp. 2d at 411.
Plaintiff's defamation claim is dismissed for two reasons. First, the allegedly defamatory statements made prior to April 2, 2009 are barred by the applicable one year statute of limitations. Second, all of the statements are protected by qualified privilege. Overcoming qualified privilege requires a showing of malice, which Plaintiff has failed to do.
a.Statements made prior to April 2, 2009 are time-barred
New York defamation claims are subject to a one year statute of limitations. See N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 215(3); Firth v. State, 775 N.E.2d 463, 464 (N.Y. 2002). The claim accrues on the date of publication of the allegedly defamatory statement. Firth, 775 N.E.2d at 464-65. This action was commenced on April 2, 2010, so any statement made prior to April 2, 2009 is time-barred and may not form the basis for a defamation claim by Dr. Chao. This precludes consideration of the statements made by Dr. Cohn in her complaint dated October 3, 2007, her testimony before the Investigation Committee throughout 2008, and Ossowski's testimony before the Investigation Committee on May 12, 2008.
b.Statements made after April 2, 2009 are protected by privilege
New York law recognizes both absolute and qualified privilege; while an absolutely privileged statement may not give rise to a defamation claim regardless of the speaker's intent, "[t]he shield provided by a qualified privilege may be dissolved if plaintiff can demonstrate that defendant spoke with 'malice.'" Liberman v. Gelstein, 80 N.Y.2d 429, 437 (1992). The qualified privilege is defeated by either common law or constitutional malice. Id. at 437-38.Common law malice consists of statements published with "spite or ill will", and defeats qualified privilege "only if it is 'the one and only cause for the publication.'" Konikoff v. Prudential Ins. Co. of America, 234 F.3d 92, 98 (2d Cir. 2000) (citing Liberman, 80 N.Y.2d at 439 ("If the defendant's statements were made [for a legitimate, privileged purpose], it matters not that defendant also despised plaintiff. Thus, a triable issue is raised only if a jury could reasonably conclude that 'malice was the one and only cause for the publication'") (internal citations omitted)). To show constitutional malice the plaintiff must demonstrate that the "statements were made with a high degree of awareness of their probable falsity." Liberman, 80 N.Y.2d at 438. "In other words, there must be sufficient evidence to permit the conclusion that the defendant in fact entertained serious doubts as to the truth of the publication." Id. (internal citations omitted); Fuji Photo Film U.S.A., Inc., 669 F.Supp.2d at 412. "The critical difference between common-law malice and constitutional malice, then, is that the former focuses on the defendant's attitude toward the plaintiff, the latter on the defendant's attitude toward the truth." Konikoff, 234 F.3d at99.
New York recognizes a "common interest" qualified privilege that protects communications "made by one person to another upon a subject in which both have an interest." Liberman, 80 N.Y.2d at 437. See also Slue v. New York University Medical Center, 409 F. Supp. 2d 349, 366 (S.D.N.Y. 2006) (citing Meloff v. N.Y. Life Ins. Co., 240 F.3d 138, 145 (2d Cir. 2001)). The scope of the privilege is limited to those persons who share the interest, and will not protect communications to others. Slue, 240 F.3d at 367. The common interest privilege has been applied to communications among fellow employees, including faculty members. See Stukuls v. New York, 42 N.Y.2d 272, 280 (1977); Slue, 409 F. Supp. 2d at 366. In Slue, the plaintiff, a doctor employed by NYU Medical School, brought defamation claims on the basis of statements made by his colleagues indicating that he had been terminated for taking inappropriate pictures of patients. Slue, 409 F. Supp. 2d at 366-67. This Court found that the common interest privilege defeated the defamation claims because "[b]y virtue of their employment with NYU Medical School, [the individuals to whom the statements had been published] had an interest in the details of Slue's discharge." Id. at367.
Qualified privilege also attaches when the speaker believes he has a duty to make the communication, "though the duty be not a legal one, but only a moral or social duty of imperfect obligation." Slue, 409 F. Supp. 2d at 367 (citing Shapiro v. Health Ins. Plan of Greater N.Y., 7 N.Y.2d 56, 60 (1959)).
The allegedly defamatory statements that are timely in this case include (1) statements made in the Investigation Committee's Final Report that were published to Defendant Charney, the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal, and ORI (Am. Compl. ¶ 55-62); (2) statements made by Defendant Mlodzic while testifying before the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal, which in turn published them to the MSSM
Board of Trustees (Am. Compl. ¶ 66); (3) statements made by Defendant Snoeck while testifying before the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal, which in turn published them to the MSSM Board of Trustees (Am. Compl. ¶ 67); (4) statements made by Defendant Charney while testifying before the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal and before the MSSM Board of Trustees (Am. Compl. ¶68-69); (5) statements made by MSSM via its counsel Sally Strauss in March and April of 2010 during meetings with several members of MSSM's Hematology-Oncology department, indicating that Dr. Chao had been fired for data fraud, and that his research suffered from multiple problems (Am. Compl. ¶ 72-74).
The parties argue at length as to whether absolute privilege attaches to these statements. I decline to consider these arguments because Plaintiff concedes that these statements are subject to qualified privilege and I conclude that qualified privilege alone provides grounds for dismissal. As described below, Plaintiff's allegations of malice constitute "[l]egal conclusions, deductions or opinions couched as factual allegations." In re NYSE Specialists Sec. Litig., 503 F.3d at 95. Plaintiff has failed to show that either constitutional or common law malice overcomes the privilege because the statements were all made as part of carefully-conducted investigation and disciplinary proceeding that involved a multi-level review process and was required by institutional and federal regulations. Plaintiff points to a number of facts that he argues indicate malice, and they are addressed in turn as follows.
i.Testimony in support of Dr. Chao's character
Plaintiff argues that the Investigation Committee's Report that concluded that he committed misconduct and promoted a laboratory culture of misconduct and authoritarianism was published with constitutional malice. According to him, the Committee had a high degree of awareness of the probable falsity of its conclusions because it had heard testimony that did not support those conclusions. In particular, Plaintiff's lab technician, Ms. Kelly, who had worked in his lab for three years, testified that she "never felt pressured to make up things . . . and show [Plaintiff] what he wanted to hear . . ." Am. Compl. ¶ 59. In addition, Dr. Walsh testified in support of Plaintiff's integrity and professionalism. Id. ¶ 61.
These facts are far from sufficient to show that the Investigation Committee acted with constitutional malice. Ms. Kelly's assertion that she never felt pressured by the Plaintiff does not prove the probable falsity of other testimony to the contrary, nor discredit the Investigation Committee's findings made following an investigation that lasted 11 months, met at least13 times, reviewed voluminous records, and interviewed 8 witnesses. Dr. Walsh's testimony was mixed, and while he testified in support of Plaintiff's integrity and professionalism, he also provided testimony that supported the Investigation Committee's findings. See Essig Aff. Ex. E at 12. The Investigation Committee compiled a storehouse of evidence, and the fact that some of the testimony by 2 witnesses did not support its conclusion cannot be the fulcrum by which Plaintiff's research misconduct is excused. See Fuji Photo Film U.S.A., Inc, 669 F. Supp. 2d at 412.
ii.The Investigation Committee's choice of witnesses
Plaintiff charges that the Committee's determination not to interview certain of the witnesses that he identified supports a finding of malice. Consistent with the MSSM Faculty Handbook and federal regulations, the Investigation Committee was required to interview witnesses "reasonably identified as having information regarding any relevant aspects of the investigation, including witnesses identified by the respondent", and to pursue "all significant issues and leads discovered that are determined relevant to the investigation." 42 C.F.R. § 93.310(f)-(h); Essig Aff. Ex. B,MSSMFaculty Handbook, Chapter VI (B)(9). The Investigation Committee thus had discretion to make determinations as to what was "relevant" and "significant" and that is precisely what it did. See Essig Aff. Ex. E, Report, Addendum at note 1. These facts simply do not indicate that ill will or spite was the Investigation Committee's sole motivation in its determinations, see Konikoff, 234 F.3d at 98,particularly in light of the fact that it was acting pursuant to its obligations under the MSSM Faculty Handbook and federal regulations.
iii.Content of the Investigation Committee Report
As evidence of malice, Plaintiff also points to both the scope and content of the Report. He argues that statements related to his credibility, honesty and professionalism, as well as the inclusion of topics such as sample size, presence of statistical analysis, and order of authorship, were outside the scope of the inquiry, and therefore spite or ill will must have been the sole cause for their publication. On the contrary the objected to statements were within the appropriate scope of the investigation and provided relevant information that supported the Committee's findings, as required by federal regulations.
The scope of the investigation encompassed the general conduct of research in Plaintiff's lab. In convening the Investigation Committee, Dean Charney, consistent with his authority and obligations under federal regulations, wrote to ORI to inform it of the investigation, and to say that, as Dean of MSSM he had "determined that the scope of the investigation should include the general conduct of research within Dr. Chao's laboratory." See Letter to John E. Dahlberg, PhD., Director Division of Investigative Oversight and Associate Director, Office of Research Integrity, from Dean Charney, dated March 18, 2010. Plaintiff notes that this letter "provides additional evidence that defendants expanded the investigative process beyond what was required by 42 C.F.R 93." This expansion was consistent with the Dean's authority, as recognized by ORI. See, e.g., Moscowitz Aff., Ex. D. The expanded scope was a legitimate inquiry into the background of the allegations and the general conduct of research at MSSM, which is an appropriate subject for the Dean's professional concern. Indeed, the legitimacy of the expanded scope of the inquiry was affirmed by the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal, which on Chao's appeal affirmed that he had violated the "standards of good laboratory practice," Essig Aff. Ex. H at 2, a charge separate from the research misconduct charge reflected in 42 C.F.R. 93. The expanded scope of investigation does not evidence ill will or spite, nor do the statements made in the Investigation Committee's Report explaining and supporting its conclusions.
The Report's content provided appropriate background facts supporting its conclusions. The rules governing the Investigation Committee required it to include in its report, among other things, a summary of "the facts and the analysis which support the conclusion." 42 C.F.R. § 93.313(f)(2). Although Plaintiff characterizes the Report's findings as "character assassination", the statements addressed to his professionalism or lack of it are directly related to the question of his research misconduct. In particular, he points to the following statements that he:
was "remarkably ignorant about the details of his protocol and the specifics of his raw data" was "willing to use sloppy data; selective data and manipulated data in order to support his thesis and generate his papers for publication" had a "general willingness to use selective data and omit inconsistent data" "[demonstrated] an overall pattern of excluding data that did not conform to his hypothesis" was willing "to rush to scientific conclusions without a full command of the underlying data" promoted "a laboratory culture of misconduct and authoritarianism by rewarding results consistent with his theories and berating his staff if the results were inconsistent with his expectations."
Am. Compl. ¶¶ 55, 57; Essig Aff. Ex. E, Investigation Report at 4-5, 14. While certainly negative, these comments are directed to his research habits and provided relevant background information supporting the Committee's finding of misconduct, as required by 42 C.F.R. § 93.313(f)(2).
Similarly, the statements addressed to Plaintiff's credibility and honesty exhibit a highly negative assessment, but do not evidence malice or ill will. They provide relevant background information supporting the Investigation Committee's conclusions, and were motivated at least in part by the Investigation Committee's stated concern that Plaintiff had not been forthright in the investigation process. See Essig Aff. Ex. E, Investigation Report at 14. The statements highlighted by Plaintiff as defamatory and exhibiting malice include that he:
"often claim[ed] a lapse in memory when his testimony would have otherwise undermined his position"
"use[d] his memory lapses as a shield to avoid accepting responsibility for his lapses in oversight"
"lack[ed] credibility" "fail[ed] to be forthright during the investigation" "[was] cavalier with his selective memory"
Am. Compl. ¶¶ 55-57. These statements too provide background information supporting the conclusion that Plaintiff was willing to use selective facts. Moreover, they are relevant to the Investigation Committee's concern for the integrity and reliability of its own proceedings.
The statements finding that Plaintiff used small sample sizes and failed to perform statistical analysis may not have been necessary to a finding of research misconduct as defined by ORI, but again provide relevant background information and are well within the expanded scope of the investigation into the general conduct of research within Plaintiff's laboratory. The inclusion of these observations was directly related to the investigation and does not provide evidence that ill will or malice was present, let alone that it was the sole factor motivating the Investigation Committee's statements. See Konikoff, 234 F.3d at 98. While it is understandable that plaintiffs never applaud alleged defamation, nonetheless their dislike for the findings does not make them actionable.
iv.The comment regarding Dr. Chao's authoritarian character
The Amended Complaint notes that during the investigation, it was said that Plaintiff's allegedly authoritative nature was due to his Chinese background and "cultural" differences. Am. Comp. ¶ 50. This comment, if it occurred at all, was inappropriate, regrettable and without any justification or utility in the context of the investigation into research misconduct. It evidences ignorance and latent racism on the part of the speaker. However, Plaintiff has not attributed the comment to a particular individual nor pleaded it as a basis for his defamation claim.
v.ORI's determination not to pursue findings of misconduct
Plaintiff asserts as evidence of malice the fact that the proceedings occurred despite ORI's decision not to pursue findings of research misconduct. This argument fails because ORI's determination does not amount to a finding that no research misconduct occurred, and ORI determination did not in any way diminish MSSM's authority to make its own findings of misconduct pursuant to its own process, as expressed by ORI itself. See Compl. ¶ 53.
The ORI determination does not vindicate Dr. Chao. The criteria ORI applies when determining whether to open a case include (1) whether the misconduct alleged involved or related to an application for Public Health Service (PHS) funds; (2) whether the conduct met the definition of research misconduct in 42 C.F.R 93; and (3) whether there was sufficient information about the alleged research misconduct to proceed with an inquiry. 2008 ORI Annual Report, Part I, Responding to Research Misconduct Allegations at 1.
Because the allegations did relate to an application for PHS funds, Plaintiff reasons that ORI's determination must have been based on its conclusion either that Plaintiff's actions did not meet the definition of research misconduct or that the allegations did not contain sufficient information to proceed. However, the ORI letter to Defendant Miller is silent as to the reasons for ORI's determination not to pursue findings, and made it clear that ORI "recognizes the authority of MSSM to independently set its own standards and make determinations of when staff has failed to meet the norms. [and ORI's] administrative determination does not diminish [that authority]." Compl. ¶ 53.*fn2
Indeed, the Report made findings not just of research misconduct, but also of a failure to follow the standards of good laboratory practice, and this was affirmed by two independent review bodies convened by two independent authorities. See Essig Aff. Exs. H at 2; I at 6. Thus, even if ORI and MSSM ultimately came to contrary views on whether a violation was committed, this fact does not give rise to an inference that MSSM's findings were motivated by ill will or malice.
vi.Dr. Price's criticism of the Investigation Committee Report
Dr. Price, a former chief research misconduct investigator at ORI, prepared a letter on June 10, 2009 in which he asserted that the Investigation Report was "inadequate, seriously flawed and grossly unfair in dealing with Dr. Chao." Moskowitz Aff., Ex. C at 3. Plaintiff argues that this supports his allegations of malice.*fn3 If the Report was "grossly unfair in dealing with Dr. Chao" that could lead to a reasonable inference of spite or ill will. However, it does not vitiate the fact that, as noted above, the Investigation Committee was acting pursuant to an interest common to all concerned, and was obligated by the MSSM Faculty Handbook and federal regulations to conduct the investigation and issue the Report. This defeats any allegation that spite or ill will was the sole motivating factor here, see Konikoff, 234 F.3d at 98, qualified privilege remains undisturbed and the defamation claim is dismissed.
2.Other Tort Claims
Where tort claims essentially restate a defamation claim that has been dismissed on a motion to dismiss, the tort claims must also be dismissed. See O'Brien v. Alexander, 898 F. Supp. 162, 172 (S.D.N.Y. 1995) (Chin, J.) (dismissing claims for injurious falsehood, negligence and general tort where they were duplicative of the defamation claim dismissed on the basis of privilege). Under New York law, tort claims are construed as defamation claims not just when they "seek damages only for injury to reputation, but also where the entire injury complained of by plaintiff flows from the effect on his reputation." Jain v. Securities Indus. and Fin. Markets Assoc., No. 08 Civ. 6463, 2009 WL 3166684, at *9 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 28, 2009) (citing Goldberg v. Sitomar, Sitomar & Proges, 469 N.Y.S.2d 81, 82 (App. Div. 1983), aff'd 63 N.Y.2d 831, 482 (1984)); Riddell Sports Inc. v. Brooks, 872 F.Supp. 73, 76 (S.D.N.Y. 1995) (dismissing on the grounds that the "one year [defamation] limitations period [applies] despite the labels which counterplaintiffs apply to their [injurious falsehood] claims" since the essence of the claimed injury was one to reputation).
In Jain the gravamen of plaintiff's alleged injury in each of her non-defamation claims either was harm to her reputation or harm that flowed from the alleged effect on her reputation, and the court found that this included her termination from employment, the resulting loss of income and benefits, her inability to find additional work, damage to physical health, and legal expenses. Id. Thus the rule applies broadly and even where "plaintiff takes care not to state that the damages are the result of injury to his reputation." O'Brien, 898 F. Supp. at 172.
a.Injurious Falsehood/Trade Libel (5th cause of action)
This cause of action relies on the same statements and the same damages as alleged in the defamation cause of action. Plaintiff claims that the two-year investigation process caused him injury beyond reputational harm, including the cost of attorneys throughout the process, injury to his ability to focus on his research, emotional distress, and his ultimate termination. These damages all flow from the effect of the allegedly defamatory statements and this cause of action is dismissed on the same grounds as the defamation claim. See Jain, 2009 WL 3166684, at *9.
Even were the damages separable, Plaintiff has failed to adequately allege a claim for trade libel or injurious falsehood, which requires the "knowing publication of false matter derogatory to the plaintiff's business of a kind calculated to prevent others from dealing with the business or otherwise interfering with its relation with others, to its detriment." Kasada, Inc. v. Access Capital, Inc., 01 Civ. 8893 (GBD), 2004 WL 2903776, at *15 (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 14, 2004) (citing Global Merch., Inc. v. Lombard & Co., 234 A.D.2d 98, 99 (1st Dep't 1996). Despite Plaintiff's allegation that the statements at issue "were calculated to interfere with his employment with Mount Sinai/MSSM and to prevent others from employing him," Am. Compl. ¶ 120, he has failed to show malice and failed to allege any facts plausibly giving rise to a reasonable inference of such inrtentional calculation on the part of Defendants. See Iqbal, 129 S.Ct. at 1949. Here as elsewhere he has failed toovercome the fact that the defendants were acting pursuant to a legal obligation to investigate research misconduct.
b.Tortious interference with contract (1stcause of action)
This claim too is duplicative of the defamation claim; it alleges the same injuries noted above which flow from the allegedly defamatory statements and it must be dismissed on the same grounds. Jain, 2009 WL 3166684, at *9.
Moreover, Plaintiff fails to state a claim. "Under New York law, the elements of a tortious interference claim are: (a) that a valid contract exists; (b) that a "third party" had knowledge of the contract; (c) that the third party intentionally and improperly procured the breach of the contract; and (d) that the breach resulted in damage to the plaintiff." Albert v. Loksen, 239 F.3d 256, 274 (2d Cir. 2001). Plaintiff has not shown any facts suggesting that Defendants employed wrongful means in the alleged interference; indeed all the investigatory work and all the testimony was conducted pursuant to obligations established in the Faculty Handbook and ORI regulations.
Plaintiff argues that the Investigation Committee did not include exculpatory evidence in its Report, did not interview all individuals requested by Plaintiff to be interviewed, and charges that false statements were made. His allegations lack specificity: the allegations of false statements are apparently sweeping references to all charges of misconduct brought against him, but while he repeatedly accuses the Defendants of false statements he alleges no facts that give rise to a reasonable inference that any particular statement was false. See Iqbal, 129 S.Ct. at 1949. His argument concerning the exclusion of exculpatory evidence is unpersuasive because he points to none which was excluded, nor does he point to the source of any obligation to interview all witnesses he identified. The suggestion that this conduct amounts to wrongdoing intended to procure a breach of contract is particularly unpersuasive in light of the fact that the investigative record did contain testimony that was favorable to Dr. Chao, all of which was considered not just by the Investigation Committee but also by the Faculty Disciplinary Tribunal. See Essig Aff., Ex. H at 2.
c.Tortious interference with prospective business advantage (2nd cause of action)
Like the previous claims, this is duplicative of the defamation allegations because the injury is measured only by the harm to Plaintiff's reputation, and "Plaintiff is not permitted to dress up a defamation claim as a claim for intentional interference with a prospective economic advantage." Krepps v. Reiner, 588 F. Supp. 2d 471, 485 (S.D.N.Y. 2008) (dismissing a claim for tortious interference with prospective business advantage where it was based on an allegedly defamatory letter that the court found insufficient to state a cause of action for defamation).
Additionally, Plaintiff fails to state a claim. A New York claim for interference with a prospective economic advantage requires a Plaintiff to prove that "(1) the plaintiff had a business relationship with a third party; (2) the defendant knew of that relationship and intentionally interfered with it; (3) the defendant acted solely out of malice, or used dishonest, unfair, or improper means; and (4) the defendant's interference caused injury to the relationship." Pasqualini v. MortgageIT, Inc., 498 F.Supp.2d 659, 669 -670 (S.D.N.Y. 2007) (citing Am. Nat'l Theatre & Academy v. Am. Nat'l Theatre Inc., No. 05 Civ. 4535, 2006 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 69420, at *5 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 27, 2006). First, the sole purpose of Defendants' conduct could not have been to harm Plaintiff, because they acted at least in part pursuant to obligations imposed by the Faculty Handbook and ORI regulations. Second, there was no intentional and malicious interference with a business relationship. Plaintiff has not alleged that Defendants' directed any conduct to third parties to prevent them from entering into a business relationship with Plaintiff. This element too is defeated by the fact that Defendants simply pursued their duties as required by law, and Plaintiff alleges no facts that suggest that they acted solely with malice.
d.Prima facietort (3rd cause of action)
"[W]here the factual allegations underlying the prima facie tort cause of action relate to the dissemination of allegedly defamatory materials, that cause of action must fail." McKenzie v. Dow Jones & Co., 355 Fed. App'x 533, 536 (2d Cir. 2009). Plaintiff's claim for prima facietort is based solely on defendant Cohn's alleged dissemination of false statements in the 2007 letter that initiated the investigation and in subsequent communications in connection with the investigation. As such, the claim relates only to defamatory allegations and must fail. See McKenzie, 355 Fed. App'x at 536; Springer v. Viking Press, 457 N.Y.S.2d 246, 248 (App. Div. 1982) (in case involving allegedly libelous depiction of plaintiff in novel, there was "no warrant for the invocation of the prima facie tort doctrine" where plaintiff could not succeed "without, at the same time, establishing the classical tort of libel").
Plaintiff claims that he has alleged injurious conduct beyond Cohn's dissemination of false statements, and points to his allegations that she fabricated data, falsified lab notes, and initially denied any wrongdoing. However, these allegations fail for two reasons. First, Plaintiff does not spell out how Dr. Cohn's alleged research misconduct harmed him. Second, "New York courts have been very strict in holding that a cause of action for prima facie tort will not lie unless the actions complained of can be plausibly said to have been motivated solely by malice towards the plaintiff." McKenzie, 355 Fed. App'x at 536 (emphasis in original). Again, Plaintiff nowhere alleges that Cohn's alleged misconduct was motivated solely by an intent to injure him.
3.Claims against Mount Sinai Hospital and Mount Sinai Medical Center
Defendants argue that all claims against Mount Sinai Hospital and Mount Sinai Medical Center (the "Mount Sinai Entities") should be dismissed because those entities are separate and apart from Plaintiff's employer, MSSM. They cite Leung v. New York University, which dismissed claims against New York University ("N.Y.U.") where plaintiffs were employed by New York University Medical Center, and had failed to show that N.Y.U. "engaged in, condoned, or in any way participated in the allegedly unlawful actions" or "that N.Y.U. was their employer at the time the alleged unlawful acts occurred." Leung, 2010 WL 1372541, at *9-10. That decision addressed Title VII claims, and affirmed that N.Y.U. could not be held liable for allegations against the Medical Center "based solely on common ownership." Id. at *9.
In pressing his defamation claims against the Mount Sinai entities, Plaintiff maintains that he was an employee of the Mount Sinai Entities because he was listed as such on his employment benefits form. He also asserts that the Mount Sinai Entities can be held liable for allegations against MSSM because they share the same legal, human resources, security, finance and other departments, and have integrated web sites. At the motion to dismiss stage credence must be given to the Plaintiff's position. While it probably makes no difference to keep them in the lawsuit since MSSM surely has the funds to cover any judgment, Plaintiff has alleged sufficient facts to raise a reasonable inference that, unlike in Leung, the Mount Sinai entities are connected and will not be dismissed at this stage of the proceedings.
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Chair Shadow
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|This article is about a/an monster in Ressha Sentai ToQger.
Chair Shadow (チェアシャドー Chea Shadō?) are a trio of shadow monster which appear in Episode 31 & Episode 32 of ToQger. They are also the brother of Table Shadow
- ID Number: Ne Shi 13-31
- Station Building: Urakaeshi
- Motif: Chair
- Height: 196 cm (43.1m: giant)
- Weight: 175 kg (385.0t: giant)
- "Urakaeshi" is the portmanteau of "Capsize" and Urakami (浦上?), a railway station in the Nagasaki Prefacture.
Behind the scenes
- His suit actor is Masaru Ōbayashi.

subset: commoncrawl


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After Hrithik Roshan's first look in "Mohenjo Daro," the makers of the movie had released the first look of Pooja Hegde in the film and it was well praised by fans. However, an aspiring archaeologist, who is an M.Phil student at JNU, and some others slammed the makers of the period drama for "stereotyping" the Harappan culture.
The aspiring archaeologist, Ruchika Sharma, made a series of tweets pointing out the apparent wrong portrayal of the Harappan civilisation in the picture that introduced Pooja. The actress was seen sporting a blue outfit coupled with feathers tied to her head gear.
The JNU student ridiculed the poster saying that Harappan people never had those feathers in their hair. She also said that Harappan people were of dark complexion, unlike Pooja, and asserted that Bollywood is obsessed with fair ladies. The young lady pointed out some other apparent mistakes in the poster of "Mohenjo Daro," featuring Pooja.
Directed by Ashutosh Gowariker, "Mohenjo Daro" is a historical period drama and is touted to be one of the most expensive Bollywood movies to date. Earlier, Hrithik was seen sporting a rugged look in the first-look poster of the film.
CHAANI,The Chosen One of Mohenjo Daro @iHrithik @agppl_tweets @utvfilms @arrahman #Epic #MohenjoDaro #Chaani pic.twitter.com/6bbqV6avWW— Pooja Hegde (@hegdepooja) 16 June 2016
Boss, what sick orientalism is this? Who told them that Harappans had these feathers in their hair? pic.twitter.com/PY8SmdlPnE— Ruchika Sharma (@tishasaroyan) 16 June 2016
I'm really done with Bollywood depicting tribal/clannish societies in such stereotypical terms, feathers in their hair, paint on their faces— Ruchika Sharma (@tishasaroyan) 16 June 2016
I mean, there are literally hundreds of terracotta figurines depicting Harappan women. Take a cue?— Ruchika Sharma (@tishasaroyan) 16 June 2016
Also, in all probability the Harappans were dark complexioned. Yeh kya fair and lovely bias hai?— Ruchika Sharma (@tishasaroyan) 16 June 2016
Everyone knows the the (migrating) Aryans had a fair complexion.Not the Harappans. But fair is all that works for BTown.Thoroughly disgusted— Ruchika Sharma (@tishasaroyan) 16 June 2016
Also half of those signs in the background are not from Harappan pictography. Some are hierogylphs. #Facepalm— Ruchika Sharma (@tishasaroyan) 16 June 2016
The movie has mostly been shot in Gujarat and Mumbai. It will reportedly show Hrithik falling in love with Pooja's character, who is his enemy's daughter. This also happens to be Pooja's Bollywood debut. Hrithik will be back on the big screen after a long gap and there is a lot of hype around the film. "Mohenjo Daro" is slated to be released on Aug. 12.


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Wildfire Smoke Continues to Plague Valleys – State Headlines [YouTube]
Wildfire smoke continues to plague western Montana valleys. Air Quality is at unhealthy levels throughout the area, and worse in the Bitterroot Valley.
Wildfire smoke continues to plague western Montana valleys. Air Quality is at unhealthy levels throughout the area, and worse in the Bitterroot Valley.
One picture paints a thousand words, so below, here is a photo of the wildfire smoke heading into the western Montana.
Sarah Coefield with the Missoula City-County Health Department says it may be time to buckle in.
The Thompson Fire near Glacier National Park has grown to over 13,000 acres over night and remains zero percent contained.
Air quality in parts of western Montana deteriorated rapidly overnight.
It was a bit smoky in Missoula and around western Montana yesterday.
Fires in Idaho and as far away as Oregon, California and Canada are bringing smoke into the Missoula valley and reducing air quality to near unhealthy levels for sensitive groups.
The red sun hanging over the Missoula valley is proof positive that heavy smoke from Washington and Oregon fires has poured into the area over the past few days.
UPDATE - 6:00 p.m. Sunday, December 15
The Stage One Air Alert for Missoula was cancelled by the Missoula City County Health Department. The air quality is now rated good to moderate for the Missoula valley.
As of 9 a.m. on Saturday, November 30, the Missoula City County Health Department said the air quality was unhealthy for sensitive groups.
Missoula's air quality is deteriorating because of an inversion that is trapping air down near the valley floor and may be approaching a level at which sensitive groups could be affected.


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Special blessings to you and your family today and always.
Thanks for visiting with me today. Please leave me a comment to let me know how you enjoyed your visit. If you have any questions, please click on the "Contact" tab at the top of the page.
Sharing my week 36 planner spread featuring the beautiful designs from TwoLilBeesCo on Etsy.Read More
I love everything vintage so it was a natural choice for me to create a sweet vintage inspired card using the "Vintage Emporium" collection. Click the "read more" button to see the full project.Read More
The long awaited moment is here! Join the Prima family on their blog and social media on Monday, September 12th-23rd for the My Prima Planner Kick-Off party!
I am loving the new Julie Nutting dolls and die sets. Here is a look at one of the stamps "Bootiful".Read More
Sring is in full swing here on the east coast. Take a look at my springtime mini filled with flowers, lace and foiling.Read More
Thank you for sharing your cards made with Anna Griffin. I had purchased this kit and love seeing what you made with it. Kathy


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Little Wenlock stove
The Aga (Coalbrookdale) Little Wenlock is a classic cast iron stove suited to the smaller room. The Little Wenlock has airwash to keep the glass clear and an impressive 79% efficiency rating.
The woodburning version is approved for burning wood in smoke control areas.
- Height: 535mm
- Width: 390mm
- Depth: 415mm
- Flue Diameter: 125mm
- Fuel: Multifuel
- Nominal Heat Output: 5.7kW
- Efficiency: 79.4%
Most Recent Review
Use in smoke control area
I am told I cannot use my little Wenlock stove as I'm in a smoke controlled area. This website suggests otherwise. I am confused. Would love to use it with wood..anyone help? Thanks
Most Popular Review
The AMAZING Little Wenlock Stove
This is an excellent & highly economical solid fuel and wood burning stove.Easily adapts to larger firebox size for burning wood, or using supplied firebricks for solid fuel.The stove is... [ read more ]
Stove expert replied: Great feedback for such a small stove, good to hear it is so versatile
More reviews for Little Wenlock stove (page 1 of 6)
Baffle plate??? I think that is what it's called
I had my chimney lined earlier this year & the plate was taken out then put back BUT the wrong way round so the room has filled with smoke... This is how I found out... I thought I had got... [ read more ]
baffle plate problem
Have had little wenlock stove for 3 years. During the latest chimney clean, the sweep tells us the baffle plate (inside, top of stove) has expanded and is stuck, unable to slip over lugs, even... [ read more ]
In different
I've had my little wenlock for 3 years now, it's easy to clean and I've had no problems with sweeping by removing the baffle.I can't seem to get my front room ( 4 m x 4 m) really really warm... [ read more ]
- Respond
- 0 comments
- 59 This is helpful 16 This is unhelpful
Aga Little Wenlock--how do you replace metal parts above baffle plate.
Had the Little Wenlock for about 6 years now and always found it to be a great little fire apart from getting the baffle plate out to have the chimney swept.( flue comes out top of fire. The... [ read more ]
- Respond
- 0 comments
- 101 This is helpful 17 This is unhelpful
very pleased
Had our Wenlock for 3years now and are very happy with it. 1st years sweeping was a pain, so I installed a flue pipe with a sweeping hole in it. Sweeping is now a piece of cake. I would encourage... [ read more ]
- Respond
- 0 comments
- 73 This is helpful 30 This is unhelpful
We getting one in our new house
Had our Little Wenlock for just over a year and we are very impressed. Seen the other comments about the air wash and cleaning the glass. Ours does not have air wash (but I had to tick a box... [ read more ]
- Respond
- 0 comments
- 66 This is helpful 23 This is unhelpful
hard to clean
Have had this stove for a year now, I have tried to love it but cant! Top slider is very hard to work and keeps jamming and the riddle is loose. Very hard to sweep as you have to take absolutely... [ read more ]
- Respond
- 0 comments
- 61 This is helpful 18 This is unhelpful
What more do you need?
I install these little stoves on a regular basis and find them very easy. This cost is much better than the Scandinavian stoves and its IRON not steel which I prefer. Also you don't need the extra ventilation because of its lower output, but more than needed for the average lounge.... [ read more ]
Stove expert replied: Good solid feedback.
- Respond
- 0 comments
- 100 This is helpful 53 This is unhelpful
little wenlock classic
I have installed this stove myself with the help and advice of a good friend and it has been a breeze. This stove is fantastic works just as it should and more besides. 10/10 Well done AGA on a fantastic product... [ read more ]
Stove expert replied: Please insure that you get the installation signed off by Building Control as it is a self-installation, this is important for your home insurance and will provide the necessary documentation to adhere to current regulations.
- Respond
- 0 comments
- 75 This is helpful 40 This is unhelpful


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Topix Mobile
Read the Ventura County, CA news page on your web-enabled phone or wireless PDA
Now you can get Ventura County, CA news on your phone!
Enter your phone number and we'll send you a link to the Ventura County, CA page that you can view in your mobile browser.
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Event: Music composers Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy and director Nikhil Advani launch the music of the film DELHI SAFARY
Guest List: Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy, Nikhil Advani
Bollywood badshah Shah Rukh Khan was snapped at lightbox. He's all set for the trailer screening of his forthcoming film RAEES.
Bollywood actress Shraddha Kapoor was snapped at Bandra.
Bollywood actress Dia Mirza was snapped at the inauguration of Dr.Batra's photo exhibition.
Bollywood actor Akshay Kumar was snapped on the sets of Yaaron Ki Baraat.
Bollywood actress Sushmita Sen was snapped at the inauguration of art show Masterstrokes 35.


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Canada's Under-17 women's soccer team advances
Canada is back in the International Soccer Federation's (FIFA) Under-17 Women's World Cup for a third straight time since the biennial tournament was introduced four years ago in New Zealand.
The national side advanced with a 1-0 win over Mexico in the Confederation of North, Central American & Caribbean Associations of Soccer (CONCACAF) semi-finals in Guatemala last week. Canada fell to the United States 1-0 in the regional championship match last Saturday night.
The national team posted four wins in five matches and scored 17 goals while conceding just two. Canada also qualified for the last tournament in Trinidad & Tobago two years ago.
The Canadians and Americans along with Mexico will represent the region in the 16-team tournament in Azerbaijan from September 22 to October 13. The other qualifiers so far are host country Azerbaijan, China, Japan, The Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, New Zealand, Brazil, Colombia and Uruguay.
The two other European representatives will come out of the final qualifying round in Switzerland from June 26-29.
And, a 47-year-old female public relations executive is the first candidate to officially declare her intention to run for the presidency of the Sierra Leone Soccer Association. Isha Johansen owns a club that plays in the country's premier league and is well known for her work with youth soccer in the country.
She says she has thrown her hat into the ring because the sport is in a "terrible state".
"I believe I am in the best position to bring about the change," she said. "I will bring integrity, sanity and discipline to the association."
Johansen is not daunted that the country's soccer association has never had a female president.
"There are two types of people in this world and they are those who make history and those who are part of making history," she said. "If the delegates were to endorse and believe in me, they would be part of changing the face and the fate of soccer in Sierra Leone. My contributions to the sport are immense in that I have exposed talents and also helped in the re-branding of Sierra Leone in the world."
Johansen's club, FC Johansen, won the Swiss Under-16 Cup last year. She also organized two youth tournaments in Freetown in 2009 and 2011 showcasing African, Brazilian and Norwegian teams.
There is just one female soccer president in Africa. Lydia Nsekera in Burundi has held the position for the past eight years. Liberian Izetta Wesley was the first African woman to head a soccer federation.
Johansen's announcement that she's bidding for the presidency was made almost at the same time that the Sierra Leone Premier League was suspended indefinitely because of a lack of sponsorship. The first round of the league concluded two weeks ago and the second round was slated to begin last weekend.
Just last week, Sierra Leone moved up in the FIFA rankings ahead of Nigeria. The West African country has never been to a World Cup and has been in just two African Nations Cup tournaments.
Sierra Leone is ranked 61st while Nigeria is 63rd and South Africa 67th. Ivory Coast is the top ranked African team at #15 while Ghana is ranked 22nd.
By RON FANFAIR


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3/7/15 at 9:04pm
Posts by Tck13
3/1/15 at 8:47am
I've been on an old school alternative kick lately. Just ordered some talk talk, concrete blonde, the ocean blue and hooters on cd. I think I threw them out with my cassette collection. I tried to get a Trash Can Sinatras cd recently but it's pretty hard to get.
3/1/15 at 8:36am
Is there a website somewhere that has good pics of rmwilliams boots? I'm thinking about getting another pair or two (from bootsonline) but rmwilliams and bootsonline pics are terrible.
2/27/15 at 12:40am
- Forum: Classic Menswear
Are they comfortable also?
2/26/15 at 9:54pm
- Forum: Classic Menswear
I was looking at another pair of AE's but they have the dianite soles. Any comments on those? They don't look so durable or comfy. What about the cronmoks / neumoks also? The leather is so soft but are they worth the money?
2/21/15 at 12:33am
I hate to say it but I agree about the high rise pants. The first two pics look a little uncomfortable.
2/10/15 at 9:00pm
- Forum: Health & Body
Just do something that you enjoy. Fun and enjoyment are great motivators.
2/8/15 at 9:31am
2/3/15 at 7:20pm
What exactly is the watch supposed to do? I thought they had pretty limited capability and you needed to be near your phone.
1/30/15 at 10:06pm
Yeah. I had to restart in safe mode to finish the update and then restart a couple of times to get it to work.


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Check out our daily deals and make super savings on your holiday shopping!
My 1st cross-processed film. Every photo came out over-exposed, but it's probably due to the lightmeter of the camera (soviet SLR Zenit 12cd), because I fixed it and re-set the lightmeter before this roll.
I adjusted the luminosity while scanning the film, and finally it doesn't really look X-Pro, but I like the colors, a bit washed.
Also we can see diagonal lines on the light parts of the most exposed pictures.
I put a a piece of cardboard teared in the chamber of the camera to create this frame on each picture.
alexyz, emkei, claudi1007, mafiosa, rik041 & sirio174.


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Check in from 14h / Check out prior to 12h
GreenTree Inn Dabaishu Shanghai: Find photos, reviews, information, amenities and compare prices for 3 stars hotels in Shanghai, China.
Situated in Shanghai, GreenTree Inn Dabaishu Shanghai provides 3-star accommodation, as well as free Wi-Fi. It is ideally positioned for guests wanting to visit the area's popular attractions.
Hotel description
A 24-hour reception, a ticket service and luggage storage are just some of the convenient services at the hotel. It also offers laundry facilities, a safe and conference rooms.
The comfortable rooms at GreenTree Inn Dabaishu Shanghai feature a private bathroom, slippers and tea and coffee making facilities. Each offer internet access, bottled water and a telephone.
Guests of at the hotel are served a satisfying breakfast every day. There is also the added convenience of an in-house restaurant.
GreenTree Inn Dabaishu Shanghai provides an ideal base to explore The Bund and Fudan University, as well as everything the local area has to offer. It is within a 20-minute walk of Dabaishu Metro Station, which allows for convenient access in and around Shanghai.
Hotel features
Restaurant, Cable / Satellite TV, Coffee / Tea Maker, TV, Shower, En suite, Private Bathroom
Business Center, 24 Hour Reception, Conference Room(s), Multilingual Staff, Safe-Deposit Box, Wake-up Service, Laundry service, Shops, Photocopier, Ticket Service, Luggage Storage, Shops in Hotel, Self Laundry
High-speed Internet, Internet Connection (wireless)
Private Toilet
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Users who viewed GreenTree Inn Dabaishu Shanghai also viewed these 3 stars Shanghai hotels:
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60 Lane 273 Jiao Zhou Road, Shanghai
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Starway Hotels New International Expo Center
No. 1505 Luoshan Road, Pudong District, Shanghai
No. 1505 Luoshan Road, Pudong District, Shanghai
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Heather Bailey, a partner in the firm's Labor & Employment Practice Group, was elected to the Professional Women's Club of Chicago Board of Directors. Heather will serve on the board as the co-chair of the communications committee. Her term begins immediately.
PWCC is a nonprofit organization that brings professional women together in a variety of networking venues to share knowledge, experiences and resources with other women in hopes to support, enrich and inspire women to advance professionally and personally.


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Honda fit 2007 for sale on US's largest classifieds sites (400 results)
2007 Honda FIT Sport 4 cyln Gas saver
Used 2007 Honda Fit For Sale
2007 Honda Fit Sport Black On Black Very Very Low Mileage Perfect Car
2007 Honda Fit
McCafferty, home of the 100,000 Mile Warranty! All Pre-owned Q-Certified vehicles sold with NEW PA state inspection and emissions! All Pre-owned Q-certified Certified vehicles sold with 2 yr/100,000 warranty! 128-Point Inspection! McCafferty Customer Rewards Program, 30 Day Exchange Policy Internet P...
2007 Honda Fit Sport
Contact Honda Cars Of Bellevue today for information on dozens of vehicles like this 2007 Honda Fit Sport. How to protect your purchase? CARFAX BuyBack Guarantee got you covered. When it comes to high fuel economy, plenty of versatility and a great looks, this HondaFit Sport cannot be beat. This Hond...
perfect 2007 Honda Fit
2007 Honda Fit Stick Shift
2007 honda fit (sport model)
2007 *Honda* *Fit* Sport 5-Speed AT You're Approved or Car is *Fre
2007 Honda Fit
Hello Swathi,I want to thank you for your time and the opportunity to earn your business. I received your internet inquiry about your interest in the 2008 Hyundai Elantra . I will send you some information to review. Shawn Bender, our sales consultant will be available tomorrow, Friday, November 4, t...
2007 Honda Fit Sport
2007. Honda. Fit
2007 Honda Fit Sport
2007 Honda Fit Sport. 4 cylinder engine with an automatic transmission. 151k miles. Runs and drives great! Super clean! Good tires on factory alloy rims! AC and heat work! Radio works without any issues! Power locks and windows! Super gas saver! Great daily driver!$5200If interested ca
2007 honda fit selling whole car for parts
270K milesHealthy engine and transmission.this is for parts. the title will be branded unless u want to pay for tt&l and make it street legal. has lots of front end damageit is a clean titlethere are lots of usable parts to build your previous fitprice is firm.
2007 HONDA FIT STANDARD **hablamos español** no necesita...
DANILO\'S INC.Used Auto Dealership184 So. Lexington Ave, White Plains NY 10606DAVID: 914 441 4005OFICINA: 914 831 7555, 914 468 6404PAGINA DE INTERNET: www.daniloautosales.comAbrimos los 7 dias de la semana!Con nosotros usted no necesita credito. - Deposit
2007 Honda Fit
I am selling this 2007 Honda Fit SportMiles: 112,xxx 4 cylinder Automatic with paddle shiftersNice clean interior and exteriorA/C and Heater work good.Everything is stock no aftermarket add ons Everything works.drives good. Nothing wrong. Engine and transmission in very
2007 Honda Fit 5dr HB AT Sport
Sport trim, Storm Silver Metallic exterior and Black interior. REDUCED FROM $9,995!, $200 below Kelley Blue Book!, EPA 37 MPG Hwy/31 MPG City! North American Car of the Year Finalist, CD Player, iPod/MP3 Input, Alloy Wheels CLICK ME!======KEY FEATURES INCLUDE: iPod/MP3 Input, CD Player, Aluminum Whee...


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The pair reminisced on their Reebok days and bringing hip-hop culture to the NBA. But more importantly, Kiss, who named his latest album Top 5 Dead or Alive, asked A.I. the all-important question when it comes to hoops and hip-hop: who's in your top five?
Tag: Jadakiss
Total 17 Posts
Another " for my hood " video. The track sounds mad dope though. Peep it after the jump.
Damn this song is huge even Jada jumped on it and dropped some serious bars on it. Drake got the OG's coming out on his hit. Great to hear this one though.
I was excited when I heard Loso spit and he came through. Can't wait for that Freddie vs Jason project to drop. And this is after all a Metro Booming production so trust that it's crisp AF.
Courtesy of Swizz Beats KRS One drops a verse on Jadakiss's Jason from the Top 5 Dead or Alive album. I love KRS but this beat was for Jada.
Fabolous and Jadakiss are working on a joint mixtape. Now that should be something to check out.They get on Future's Wicked joint. More from Fabolous ft Dave East - Summer Sadness:
Styles P pulls a set it off on this short movie that features partner Jadakiss. Fine chicks doing the robbery over here. With cameos from the breakfast club and
One of the dopes track on Jadakiss's Top 5 Dead Or Alive album. The album has some gems and a few speed humps here and there but this is definitely one of the highlights.


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776 CANYON RD Springville, UT 84663
Hi, Blueroof 360.
My name is
and I have a question about 776 CANYON RD Springville
You can respond by either emailing me at
or call during
My Question Is:
Estimated Monthly Payment$5,051
- Photos
- Location
- Questions
- Share
- Virtual Tour
- Mortgage Calculator
- Status: Pending
Listing courtesy of Intermountain Properties
Beautiful family home that sits in a great neighborhood, located close to Hobble Creek Reservoir and Springville High School. The home has a fully remodeled interior with great big bedrooms, lots of storage, multiple bathrooms and two fireplaces! The roof is a lifetime roof that you'll never have to replace. The downstairs is HUGE with a great big open concept. There's plenty of room in this house to entertain.
Interior Features Include:
Bath: Master, Dishwasher, Built-In, Gas Log, Kitchen: Updated
Basement Full, Walkout
Fireplaces 2
Air Cond: Central Air; Electric
Heating: Forced Air
Floor Type: Carpet, Hardwood, Tile
Exterior Features Include:
Balcony, Patio: Open
Acreage: 0.3000 Acres
Lot: Sprinkler: Auto-Full, View: Mountain, View: Valley
Landscape Landscaping: Full
Roof: Aluminum
Exterior: Brick
Patio/Deck: 0 Patio 1 Deck
Garage/Parking: Attached
Driveway Concrete
Garage Capacity: 2
Other Features Include:
Inclusions: Microwave, Refrigerator
Amenities: Cable Tv Wired, Electric Dryer Hookup
Water: Culinary
Utilities Gas: Connected, Power: Connected, Sewer: Connected, Sewer: Public, Water: Connected
Storage Garage, Basement
Taxes 1281
School District: Nebo
Information deemed reliable but not guaranteed accurate. Buyer to verify all information.The multiple listing information is provided by Wasatch Front Regional Multiple Listing Service, Inc. from a copyrighted compilation of listings. The compilation of listings and each individual listing are © 2014 Wasatch Front Regional Multiple Listing Service, Inc., All Rights Reserved. The information provided is for consumers, personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing.


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Description of this paper
advanced Routing and switching
Deliverable Length:4?5 pages;The OSI Layer 3 (Network Layer) is one of the layers that perform packet segmentation. The;OSI Layer 3 is roughly equivalent to the Internet Layer of the TCP/IP model and the Layer 4;(Transport Layer) of the OSI model is roughly equivalent to the Host;-;to;-;H;ost layer of the;TCP/IP model. The above two layers perform network segmentation. Based on the above;information, answer the following questions.;(a) Describe in detail how packets are segmented by the Host;-;to;-;host layer (Transport Layer);Internet Layer of;the TCP/IP model.;(b) Do all packets arrive at their destination in the order in which they were segmented and;transmitted? Why or why not?;(c) Describe how segmented packets are re;-;arranged or reassembled at the packets';destination to ensure that rece;ived segmented packets match the order in which they were;segmented and transmitted.;(d) How are errors handled during transmission of segmented packets?;(e) What's the difference between a TCP segment and a TCP packet?
Paper#71291 | Written in 18-Jul-2015Price : $27


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5 Balsam Lane Campton, NH 03223
Listed by Joseph Macord of Alpine Lakes Real Estate Inc.
Call Four Seasons Sotheby's International Realty Real Estate for more information.
Lot Size: 0.27 acres
Price/Acre: $409,259
Property Description
Beautiful White Mt vistas and overlooking open fairways from this site prepped building lot by 11th Green of exclusive Owl's Nest Golf Club ready for your custom designed dream home. Enjoy the year round amenities from the Heart of the White Mts, National Forest areas, walk to Pemi River or a short ride to the Lakes of NH.
- Property Type: Land
- Zoning: Res
- Acreage: 0.27
- Lot description: Conserved Land, Field/Pasture, Level, Mountain View, Open, View
- State: NH
- Street: Balsam Lane
- Building Number:
- Development/Subdivision: 0
- Zip Code: 03223
- County: NH-Grafton
- Town: Campton
- Area Description: Abuts Golf Course, Near Country Club, Near Golf Course, Near Paths, Near Skiing
- Elementary School:
- Junior High:
- High School:
- Water: Community
- Sewer: On-Site Septic Needed
- Electric: At Street, Underground
- Services: Cable - At Site, High Speed Intrnt -AtSite, Telephone At Site
- Land Restrictions: Deed, Livestock, Mobile Homes, Temporary Structures
- Taxes: $3,655
The New England Real Estate Network provides Multiple Listing Services (MLS) in the States of New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts and Maine.
Copyright© 2016 The New England Real Estate Network. All rights reserved. This information is deemed reliable but not guaranteed. The data relating to real estate displayed on this Site comes in part from the IDX Program of NEREN. The information being provided is for consumers personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing. Data last updated on 12/11/2016.


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66482 - Tube And Pipe Notcher Tool
This product may require vehicle validation(s) for proper fitment. Please contact us to confirm correct vehicle fitment and usage.
Availability: Special Order Item
Pricing: $100.95
Designed for the serious fabricator. 0 to 45 degree, 1 degree increments, adjustable vise and made of high-grade aluminum.
Instructions can be found in document tab above.
Instructions can be found in document tab above.
Application List
- 66482
- 66482
- 037995364824
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It only takes a minute to get started. Fill out our uncomplicated sign up form and login to the site.
This step is elective but will greatly boost your chances of getting noticed by other people on the site. Write about yourself, your hobbies and atach your nicest photo of yourself.
Use our website's state-of-the-art search to pinpoint members who match your desired requirements. Or just leaf through listings and pinpoint singles that arouse your interest.
Located someone who could be interesting? Send them a word or two or just a wink and take it from there. With a little luck you'll be on your way to a lifetime of happiness.
It's quick and easy


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In the face of a rush towards elite-level performance boards and the seemingly endless models that have appeared since the year 2000 (supplied by manufacturing in the Far East) BIC Sport has opted to do things very differently. We've concentrated our efforts on a smaller, focused range of products and have invested in establishing monotype/formula competitions for the long-term health of the sport. With manufacturing based in France we've been able to respond rapidly to the sport's changing trends using exclusive, highly efficient production methods and technologies.
"BIC Sport has been manufacturing watersport products for over 30 years. Long before 'eco-friendly' was a buzzword we began developing "clean" manufacturing processes by recycling wherever possible, eliminating gas emissions and conserving energy and water. From start to end of life-cycle, BIC Sport products are thoughtfully produced with preserving the environment we all share in mind. And perhaps least recognized but most important, BIC Sport products are BUILT TO LAST - meaning fewer boards and boats taking up residence in your local landfill."
The official worldwide-approved board for Junior Under 17 competitions, the Techno 293 One Design has seen its fleet numbers explode over the last few years. Today, there are more than 9000 Techno 293s sailing somewhere in the world, with a supporting competition program that is constantly growing.The 2014 World Championships, held in Brest in France, drew more than 400 competitors from 35 countries and 6 continents: a windsurfing record.


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The Meaning of IU2U
You have found the definitive source for the meaning of IU2U. This page contains all the definitions of IU2U, crowd sourced, moderated and curated by real people who care about the true definitions of IU2U.
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The most popular meaning of IU2U is: It's Up To You
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The definition of IU2U is "It's Up To You".
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IU2U means It's Up To You.
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Very near to Eastern Express Highway,Railway Station,Hospital,School,College,Market,Cross Ventilation,Lift,Parking available.Full cheque Payment
Real Estate Mumbai newsletters are the most interesting as they give you the latest market reports and research and bring you updated with the current market trends, demands etc.
Since 1993, Real Estate Mumbai has evolved and has carved out expertise in Buying, Selling and Leasing Office and Residential properties.
Our Clients get a complete spectrum of services beginning from Investment to Exit with Capital Appreciation.
Fully Furnished Commercial Office Space Available on Lease in Andheri West.+
Fully Furnished 3BHK Flat Available on Lease in Powai.+
Fully Furnished 3BHK Flat Available on Lease in Andheri East.+


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—Performance of IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF) has been studied by several authors under steady-state conditions. Behavior of DCF under transient state conditions and its modeling is important for analyzing several scenarios, such as, initialization of nodes in a wireless ad hoc network. In this paper, we present a mathematical model… (More)
The problem of lightpath topology design (LTD) and traffic routing over the lightpaths for wavelength-routed optical backbone networks has been investigated extensively in the past using heuristic as well as linear-programming based approaches. Sensitivity of such long-haul backbones to physical-layer impairments is required to be adequately addressed… (More)
—We propose a redundant radix based number (RBN) representation for encoding and transmitting data for applications which typically utilize low cost devices and demand low power operations with simple modulation techniques like ASK, OOK and FSK. Coupled with silent periods for communicating the digit zero, this encoded communication scheme, called as… (More)
R ECENT developments in wavelength division multi-plexing (WDM) technology have led to a tremendous amount of commercial and research interest in WDM-based networks. Until recently, WDM has been used primarily for point-to-point long haul transmission. However, with the emergence of WDM networking components, people are beginning to design and deploy… (More)


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#COM301 Acrylic Cosmetic Display with 14 compartments. 12''W x 3 1/2''Dx 3 1/2''H. Cosmetics not included.
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"Increase your power, Kyurem… And cover all of Unova in ice!"
"Increase your power, Kyurem… And cover all of Unova in ice!"
Kyurem Digivolve to…
…White Kyurem!
Would be nice if there was actually some Pokéspe Black 2 and White 2 Ghetsis but obviously that wasn't meant to be
On this week's episode of Pokémon Generations…
15) Hilda who?
A little diagram I made to express my love for kyurem
It can destroy entire armies but all it wants is to see you smile
So has anybody else noticed that kyurem looks exactly like europe?
Come on, both spooky empty shells of former selves? If you don't think that Kyurem and Shedinja would be friends then you're wrong.
Raltz, the "feeling" Pokemon, is a play on waltz, referring to its family of dancers. It warms up to cheerful trainers, and takes cover if it senses hostility. Kirlia, the "emotion" Pokemon, has horns that amplify distort the air around, causing scenery mirages. Gardevoir, the "embrace" Pokemon, is a Psychic/Fairy that will protect its caretaker with its own life. Gardevoir has slender legs green hair that curls down the sides of its head, and spikes on the side of its face, resembling a masquerade mask. As Mega Gardevoir, it turns almost completely white; only its hair remains green. Its gown becomes wider, resembling a bridal gown. The two horns in the center of its chest are believed to be the manifestation of its heart; the Pokemon could use tremendous psychic power when it's open. Kyurem has two forms when combined with Reshiram or Zekrom. White Kyurem has icy details on the legs, and the tail is capable of movement. As Black Kyurem, its left arm and wing are frozen. Deoxys is an alien that has four forms, each focused on a different stat. The main components that are constant for all are a dominant red orange color, a turquoise face, and dots arranged in a triangle on its back. In its regular form, Deoxys has tapering legs with a segmented blue stripe on the upper portion. Its arms can take on different shapes, usually a pair of tentacles coiled in a double helix. In an attack form, two pairs of whip-like tentacles with pointed tips replace its previous blunted ones. Its defense stage has bulky legs, broad tentacles, and its head fuses with the body, causing it to resemble a helmet. The speed form has a sleek black body with thin striation. The protrusions on its head point upward, and the back of its head forms a long spike.
Pokemon, by Alexandre Ka.
Me arriving to class.
I have made a remastered version of the tarot cards I have made up to this point. Here's half or so of them. The others will appear soonish!
Basically what has changed is that I increased the saturation and tweaked some of the colours here and there. I hope you like them!
Ho-Oh - The Hanged Man
Latios and Latias - The Lovers
Kyurem - The Fool
Jirachi - The Star
Xerneas - Justice
Articuno, Zapdos, Moltres - The Wheel of Fortune
Giratina - The Devil
Celebi - High Priestess
Yveltal - Death
Mewtwo - Judgement
21. Kyurem


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Zebra Cheesecake Bars
Total Time
Prep 40 mins
Cook 4 hrs
This is another favorite layered desserts of mine that you can put together easily...but it does require refrigeration. I made, reviewed and loved New Nana's Oreo Balls it reminded me of this dessert. You'll want to try this one.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 35 Oreo cookies
- 6 tablespoons butter, melted
- 1 (8 ounce) package cream cheese, softened
- 1⁄4 cup sugar
- 2 tablespoons cold milk
- 1 (12 ounce) container Cool Whip Topping, thawed, divided
- 3 1⁄4 cups cold milk
- 2 (1 ounce) Jell-O chocolate pudding and pie filling, instant
- PLACE cookies in food processor; cover. Process to form fine crumbs. Transfer to medium bowl. Add butter; mix well. Press firmly onto bottom of 13x9-inch dish. Refrigerate 10 minute.
- Meanwhile, beat cream cheese, sugar and 2 tablespoons milk in separate bowl with wire whisk until well blended. Stir in 1-1/4 cups of the whipped topping. Spread over crust.
- POUR 3-1/4 cups milk into large bowl. Add dry pudding mixes. Beat with wire whisk 2 minute or until well blended.
- Spoon evenly over cream cheese layer. Let stand 5 minute or until thickened. Spread remaining whipped topping over pudding layer.
- REFRIGERATE at least 4 hours. Store leftover dessert in refrigerator.
Most Helpful
Omg this stuff is awesome..ahhhhhhhhh omg I loved it , I think you are one of the top chefs on here chef v.....omg ....i loved it!!!!!!
My daughter chose this in lieu of her birthday cake because our oven was broken. It was very easy to put together even though we don't have a food processor and had to put the cookies through the blender a few at a time. The only addition we made was to add chocolate sprinkles on top to 'jazz up' the presentation. We all agree that it gets a full 5 stars for flavor. It did not hold together well for us, though; we had to scoop it like ice cream and eat it in bowls rather than in bar form. But we all agreed that it would probably make a wonderful frozen dessert, almost like an ice cream cake, and will try it that way again this summer. Thanks so much for posting!


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Favorite Father's Day Activities Slideshow
Father's Day Card
Show dad how much you care by making him this great Father's Day card.
If you need to teach it, we have it covered.
Start your free trial to gain instant access to thousands of expertly curated worksheets, activities, and lessons created by educational publishers and teachers.Start Your Free Trial


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Ant Hill
Model Number: 38100
Our beautifully-detailed, hand sculpted Ant Hill provides a variety of activities to maximize the play value of any play pocket. Children can climb the hill using the hand sculpted ant grips or move through the 4-way ground level crawl tub. The cave-like tunnels also provide a place to gather and socialize or to rest in the shade on a hot day.
Features and Benefits
- Provides a variety of activities to maximize play value
- Tactile, molded pieces provide sensory benefits as children explore and discover
- Ground-level crawl tubes create a place to gather or rest in the shade
- Visually appealing hand molded and hand painted GFRC
Recommended Products
Additional Information
- Download the Ants Activity Guide for fun, interactive activities that can be used along the trail, at home or in the classroom!


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Is this a dessert shop?
Is this restaurant appropriate for Kids?
Is this primarily a coffee shop?
Does this restaurant offer outdoor seating?
Is this restaurant good for dining on a budget?
Is this a French restaurant?
Is this restaurant wheelchair accessible?
Is this restaurant good for lunch?
Is this restaurant family-friendly?
Are the prices at this restaurant mid-range / moderate?
Thanks for helping!
Lots of good pastry variety. Great place for coffee meetings. Often pretty busy on weekend mornings. Parking can be a little tricky when it is. Overall great little bakery that has done a great job in this small complex near the college campus.
This was a disappointing visit. Food was okay, but not as memorable as in previous ,years. No one was prepared to take our order at the till when we approached. The restaurant was half empty, but despite this, most empty tables were in need of cleaning. When some of the 3 visible employees behind the order desk took our order,...
Delicious pastries. They are so fresh and tasty. My favorite is the turkey,cranberry,Swiss cheese croissant. The Cinnamon Bread is also quite delicious. I love to make French toast with it. The Italian Loaf is also good, makes a plan turkey sandwich special. The service is friendly and quick.
Had a ham and swiss croissant for lunch, and a raspberry chocolate chip danish. Both were scrumptious, and perfectly flakey. I also got an almond key lime bread to take home and it was wonderful.
Great pastries, coffee and stop in for lunch too.That great pick me up in the morning.Walking distance from Whitworth University.
Friendly staff, great breakfast.
Highly recommend the Date and Walnut muffins, pear and peach pastries.
Pros: The cinnamon chip bread, French dip, turkey cranberry salad, and giant pastries are what keep us coming back. It's a great little spot for coffee or lunch with a friend because of the food and the atmosphere. The coffee cakes are moist, and the variety varies on different days. The prices are what I'd call "medium" where both restaurant...
My girls live the giant cinnamon rolls, served warm and gooey. The coffee and tea options are great- nice options for seating. Always a pleasure.
I have never been into the Bakery but they brought by samples for the company that I work for... and I was seriously blown away! So delicious and fresh!
We have visited this bakery since it was first founded by original owners and enjoyed it. Recently we have found they do not have cinnamon rolls available on three separate occasions. Also I think they are freezing the pastries and selling them after they thaw as the butterhorns were not fresh. Sadly we are not going to keep going and...
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