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November 17, 2010
ALVIN C. BAIRD, PLAINTIFF,v.STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK; MARGARET BENKE, ALSO KNOWN AS MEG BENKE; EILEEN K. CORRIGAN; AND EMPIRE STATE COLLEGE, DEFENDANTS.
I. Introduction
Pro se plaintiff Alvin C. Baird commenced this action under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,*fn1 42 U.S.C. § 1983, and New York State common law against defendants State University of New York, Meg Benke, Eileen Corrigan, and Empire State College, alleging race-based discrimination, violations of his Fourteenth Amendment rights, and negligence, all in connection with his expulsion from defendant Empire State College. (See Am. Compl., Dkt. No. 21.) Pending are defendants' motion for summary judgment, (Dkt. No. 62), and Baird's motions to strike certain evidence and for summary judgment, (Dkt. Nos. 65, 67). For the reasons that follow, defendants' motion is granted in part and denied in part, and Baird's motions are denied.
II. Background
Pro se plaintiff Alvin C. Baird is a 32-year-old African American who resides in Maryland. (See Am. Compl. ¶ 1, Dkt. No. 21.) From November 1999 to May 22, 2006, Baird was a studentat defendant Empire State College in the school's Center for Distance Learning (CDL).*fn2 (See Def. SMF ¶ 2, Dkt. No. 62:2; Am. Compl. at 3, Dkt. No. 21.) During that time, defendant Meg Benke was the Dean of the CDL, and defendant Eileen Corrigan was Empire's Director of Student Financial Services. (See Am. Compl. ¶¶ 4, 5 Dkt. No. 21.) Empire is a state-operated institution of defendant State University of New York (SUNY). (See SUNY Resp. to Interrog. ¶ 1, Dkt. No. 75.)
During the period of Baird's enrollment, Empire required its students to make "satisfactory academic progress" (SAP) in order to remain eligible to enroll. (See Def. SMF ¶ 4, Dkt. No. 62:2; Defs. Ex. 1, Benke Letter at 1, Dkt. No. 62:10.) SAP was defined as earning the minimum number of credits expected for the number of terms the student was enrolled at Empire. (Def. SMF ¶ 4, Dkt. No. 62:2.) SAP was determined based on a previously-published table showing the minimum number of credits expected for the number of terms of enrollment. (Id. at ¶ 5.) The SAP calculation was limited to "enrollment credits," or credits earned at Empire, and did not take into account "advanced standing credits,"*fn3 which were not earned by successfully completing Empire courses. (See id. at ¶¶ 22-25.) Students failing to meet SAP would be identified by a computer run which matched the credits earned by each student with the number of semesters the student was enrolled. (Id. at ¶ 6.) For those students identified as falling below SAP, an automated letter would be generated, would be signed by the dean of the center in which the student was enrolled, and would be mailed to the student. (Id. at¶ 7.)
In July 2005, Baird was suspended from Empire for two months for sending a threatening e-mail to a faculty member. (Id. at ¶ 11.) At the time of his suspension, Baird was enrolled in a Business Ethics course. (See id. at ¶ 12.) The letter notifying Baird of his suspension stated that he would be given an opportunity to complete the Business Ethics course as an independent study once his suspension was lifted. (See id.) Baird's suspension was lifted in September 2005, and Dean Benke's staff made arrangements for Baird to complete the Business Ethics course as promised. (See Defs. SMF ¶ 13, Dkt. No. 62:2; Sept. Correspondence at 1-4, Dkt. No. 62:17.) Those arrangements included permitting Baird to use whatever work he had completed for the course prior to his suspension, and to continue the course at no additional charge. (See Defs. SMF ¶¶ 31, 32, Dkt. No. 62:2.) Baird's new instructor for the independent study was Dr. Michael Andolina. (See id. at ¶ 33.)
According to defendants, Baird was advised of the course arrangements on September 28, 2005. (See id. at ¶ 34.) Specifically, defendants point to an e-mail log indicating that Empire's Catherine Combs notified Baird via voice mail and e-mail that Dr. Andolina would be his instructor for the independent study and that Baird should contact him right away to discuss the course. (See id.) Baird claims that he did not receive either of these communications. (See, e.g., Pl. Resp. Mem. of Law at 17, Dkt. No. 84.)
Dr. Andolina claims that on October 3, 2005, he "contacted [Baird] and [e-mailed] him a learning contract for the Business Ethics course," requesting that Baird "contact him to discuss [it]." (Andolina Decl. ¶ 4, Dkt. No. 62:7.) Dr. Andolina further claims that Baird "did attempt to contact [him] on October 3, 2005 but [that he] was unable to take his call due to [his] involvement in another telephone call at the same time." (Id.) According to Dr. Andolina, he "had no further communication with [Baird] after October 3, 2005," and Baird "performed no work for the course that was shown to [him]." (Id. at ¶ 5.) Ultimately, Dr. Andolina "prepared and filed with the [Empire] registrar a final course outcome of 'ZW' (Administrative Withdrawal) since [Baird] had not engaged in significant learning activities throughout the term of the course." (Id.) Baird denies ever contacting or being contacted by Dr. Andolina. (See, e.g., Pl. Resp. Mem. of Law at 17, Dkt. No. 84; Baird Dep. at 62, Dkt. No. 62:33.)
On October 13, 2005, Dean Benke sent Baird a letter advising him that he was in "academic dismissal," explaining that he had earned only ninety credits when he should have earned ninety-four, and that the dismissal made him ineligible for re-enrollment. (See Oct. 13, 2005 Letter at 1, Dkt. No. 62:15.) Subsequently, however, Dean Benke reconsidered the dismissal and placed Baird on "extended academic warning" (EAW),*fn4 apparently because Baird was very close to completing his degree requirements. (See Defs. SMF ¶¶ 19-21, Dkt. No. 62:2.) In an October 18, 2005 letter to Baird, Dean Benke repeated that Baird had fallen below the school's SAP rate, but that he was being placed on EAW. (See id. at ¶ 21.) The letter further stated that failure to maintain SAP might affect his eligibility for financial aid. (See id.)
On March 1, 2006, Baird contacted Dean Benke and inquired about enrolling in the Business Ethics course for the Spring March term.*fn5 (See Defs. SMF ¶ 39, Dkt. No. 62:2.) Dean Benke responded that Baird could enroll in the course, but that, based on her conversation with defendant Corrigan, then Director of Financial Aid Services, he would be ineligible for financial aid and that the course would cost $817.40. (See id. at ¶¶ 40, 41.) According to Corrigan, Baird did not qualify for financial aid because he did not meet the SAP requirements, a prerequisite for financial aid eligibility. (See Corrigan Decl. ¶ 4, Dkt. No. 62:6.) Corrigan explained this to Baird in a May 17, 2006 letter, and notified him that his financial aid had been cancelled. (See May 17, 2006 Letter, Dkt. No. 62:32.)
On March 6, 2006, Baird responded to Dean Benke by e-mail, stating that the Federal Student Aid Program (FAFSA) informed him that he was eligible for financial aid. (See Defs. SMF ¶ 43, Dkt. No. 62:2.) The message went on to accuse Dean Benke of being vindictive toward him, attributing her vindictiveness to "[e]vil, bad-mindedness, paganism and spiritual wickedness." (Mar. 6, 2007 E-mail, Dkt. No. 62:20.) Further, in observing that Dean Benke was of Irish heritage, Baird stated that vindictiveness was in the Irish blood and the fabric of Irish culture; that Dean Benke was inherently evil; and that she wanted to infect everyone with her "IRA ideology." (See id.) The e-mail concluded with the following statements:
Your on a sinking ship and don't even realize it. Your days are number [sic] at your position. I am going to shame you, [Empire] and when I am finished with you, you will not be able to eat. Just like Jackkkkkkkkkk Abramoff. Trust me. It's personal and its not about business ethics. You'll see. (Id.) Finding "[Baird's] message to be threatening and harassing," and "[a]ware that [Baird] had twice been warned to be more appropriate in his communication with [Empire] staff,"*fn6 Dean Benke filed a complaint against Baird, charging that the "communication violated the terms of the college's student conduct policy." (Benke Decl. ¶ 14, Dkt. No. 62:5.)
Soon after the filing of the complaint, Carol Zajac, Dean of the Northeast Center, assumed the role of judicial officer and oversaw the process of adjudicating Dean Benke's complaint.*fn7 (See id. at ¶ 15.) On March 30, 2010, acting pursuant to Empire's Student Conduct Policy and Procedures, Dean Zajac determined that Dean Benke's allegation fell within the scope of the Policy on Student Conduct, and was serious enough to potentially warrant a sanction of suspension or expulsion. (Defs. SMF ¶ 51, Dkt. No. 62:2.) As a result of her determination, Dean Zajac referred the matter to a Student Conduct Committee consisting of two CDL faculty members and a CDL student. (Id. at ¶ 52.) The committee was responsible for holding a hearing on Dean Benke's allegation within thirty days, and for providing a written decision and rationale to Baird, Dean Benke, and Dean Zajac. (Id. at ¶ 53.) Dean Zajac sent Baird a copy of Dean Benke's complaint, as well as a copy of Empire's procedures concerning student conduct, and notice that the matter was being referred to the committee. (Id. at ¶ 54.)
The Student Conduct Committee held the required hearing on April 26 and May 12, 2006. (Id. at ¶ 55.) Dean Benke testified on the first day of the hearing. (Id. at 56.) Baird was not present for Dean Benke's testimony, but participated by telephone on the second hearing date. (Id. at ¶¶ 57, 58.) Prior to his participation, Baird was advised that he was entitled to have an advisor assist him at the hearing, and that he could refuse to answer questions-rights which were also specified in the written procedures previously provided by Dean Zajac. (Id. at ¶ 59.) Baird waived those rights and testified before the committee. (Id. at ¶ 60.)
Following the hearing, the committee issued its report and recommendation to Dean Zajac, which stated:
Mr. Baird's inability to control his behavior or appreciate, even now, that it was wrong makes it unlikely that he will refrain from similar conduct in the future. Therefore, to protect members of the college community from such threats of harassment and intimidation in the future, the committee concludes that the appropriate sanction is expulsion. (Id. at ¶ 62.) Dean Zajac concurred with the committee's recommendation and found expulsion to be the appropriate sanction. (Id. at ¶ 63.) In a letter dated May 22, 2006, Dean Zajac informed Baird of the committee's recommendation, provided him with a copy of its report, and explained that she concurred with the recommendation and that he was therefore expelled from the college. (Id. at ¶ 64.) The letter further advised Baird of his right to submit a written appeal to Empire's Provost/Vice President for Academic Affairs within thirty days. (Id. at ¶ 65.)
In June 2006, Baird submitted an appeal of the expulsion determination to Provost Joyce E. Elliot, contending that Dean Benke "had a vendetta for [him]," and that she "provoked this entire incident" by sending him the October letters about his SAP status, which he maintained were "inaccurate." (Appeal Letter at 1, Dkt. No. 62:27.) Baird also took issue with the procedures used by the Student Conduct Committee, alleging that the committee members were partial in their decision since they were Dean Benke's subordinates, and that their "decision could have been motivated by fear of their 'master.'" (Id. at 2.)
On July 31, 2006, Provost Elliot denied Baird's appeal, explaining that, upon review of the "process and the information considered in relation to [Baird's] case," the committee "followed the procedures outlined in the Student Conduct Policy and Procedures." (Appeal Denial, Dkt. No. 62:28.) Provost Elliot further noted that "when [Baird] did not participate in the hearing scheduled for April 26, 2006, [he was] given a second opportunity to be heard on May 12, 2006." (Id.) Ultimately, Provost Elliot "uph[e]ld the determination of responsibility and the sanction of expulsion." (Id.)
On March 31, 2008, Baird commenced this action in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, invoking the court's jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1332. (Dkt. No. 1.) On April 9, 2008, the case was transferred to this court. (Dkt. No. 4.) Broadly construed, Baird's amended complaint alleges violations of Sections 601 and 602 of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Fourteenth Amendment, and also asserts claims for common law negligence. (See Am. Compl., Dkt. No. 21.) Baird seeks both monetary damages and injunctive relief. (See id. at 6.)
On February 24, 2009, this court dismissed Baird's Section 602 claims in their entirety, as well as his Section 601 claims against defendants Benke and Corrigan, and his negligence claims against Empire, SUNY and Benke and Corrigan in their official capacities, leaving in tact his Fourteenth Amendment claims against all defendants, his Section 601 claims against Empire and SUNY, and his negligence claims against Benke and Corrigan in their individual capacities. (See Dkt. No. 25.) Following discovery, defendants moved for summary judgment on these remaining claims. (Dkt. No. 62.) In response, Baird sought to strike certain evidence, (Dkt. No. 65), and cross-moved for summary judgment, (Dkt. No. 67).
III. Standard of Review
The standard for judgment pursuant to Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure is well established and will not be repeated here. For a full discussion of the standard, the court refers the parties to its previous opinion in Bain v. Town of Argyle, 499 F. Supp. 2d 192, 194-95 (N.D.N.Y. 2007) (Rule 56). As relevant to the current motion, "courts must construe pro se pleadings broadly, and interpret them to raise the strongest arguments that they suggest," especially where civil rights violations are alleged.See Cruz v. Gomez, 202 F.3d 593, 597 (2d Cir. 2000) (internal quotation marks, citations, and italics omitted).
IV. Discussion
A. Motion to Strike
Baird requests that the court strike certain evidence from the record. (Dkt. No. 66.) Because the court has not relied on the challenged evidence in resolving the motions currently before it, the motion is denied as moot. And insofar as Baird is attempting to preclude defendants from using the evidence at trial, that attempt is denied as premature.
B. Title VI
Section 601 of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 provides that "[n]o person in the United States shall, on the grounds of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance." 42 U.S.C. § 2000d. The statute prohibits only intentional discrimination. Alexander v. Sandoval, 532 U.S. 275, 280 (2001) ("[I]t is ... beyond dispute ... that § 601 prohibits only intentional discrimination."); N.Y. Urban League, Inc. v. New York, 71 F.3d 1031, 1036 (2d Cir. 1995) (same).
Here, Baird claims that Empire and Suny violated Title VI through the allegedly unlawful conduct of their employees and by failing to intervene or properly address that conduct. (See Am. Compl. at 5-6, Dkt. No. 21; Pl. Mem. of Law at 18-23, Dkt. No. 67.) Specifically, Baird contends that "Empire through its senior officials Joseph B. Moore, Margaret Benke, and Eileen K. Corrigan abused their powers by wrongfully singling out the plaintiff because of race, wrongfully denying the plaintiff federal financial aid because of his race, [and] creating rules to subject the plaintiff to policies that only apply to him and not the other members of the school." (Pl. Mem. of Law at 20, Dkt. No. 67.) Baird also claims that Empire "had many opportunities to intervene into ... this matter and ensure that the plaintiff received fair treatment." (Id.) As against SUNY, Baird contends that SUNY "allow[ed] plaintiff to be subjected to discrimination at Empire, refus[ed] to investigate the plaintiff's claim of race based discrimination, [and did] not properly investigat[e] to consider whether Empire and their faculty members involved in this matter were lying." (Id. at 23.) These claims must fail.
First, as defendants correctly argue, "[l]iability under Title VI, which parallels that of Title IX, cannot be imputed to institutions based on the actions of their employees." Goonewardena v. New York, 475 F. Supp. 2d 310, 328 (S.D.N.Y. 2007) (citing Gebser v. Lago Vista Indep. Sch. Dist., 524 U.S. 274, 287-88 (1988)); Bary v. Delta Airlines, Inc., No. CV-02-5202, 2009 WL 3260499, at *7 n.7 (E.D.N.Y. Oct. 9, 2009) (same). Thus, to the extent Baird seeks to hold SUNY and Empire liable for the conduct of defendants Benke or Corrigan, or any other employee, those claims are dismissed.
And second, Baird's remaining allegations-that Empire and SUNY failed to properly "intervene" or remedy the allegedly discriminatory conduct-likewise fail to provide Baird with an actionable basis for Title VI relief. While "an educational institution may be liable under Title VI if it is 'deliberately indifferent' to racial harassment to such an extent that the indifference can be seen as racially motivated," Rodriguez v. N.Y. Univ., No. 05 Civ. 7374, 2007 WL 117775, at *6, (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 16, 2007) (citations omitted), the record is devoid of any facts that could support such a theory. To establish Title VI liability based on "deliberate indifference," Baird would have to show that SUNY or Empire "(1) had actual knowledge of, and (2) was deliberately indifferent to (3) harassment that was so severe, pervasive and objectively offensive that it (4) deprived [him] of access to the educational benefits or opportunities provided by the school." Id. (citations omitted). Baird cannot make that showing.
At the threshold, there is no evidence that Baird was the victim of any race-based harassment or mistreatment, much less harassment or mistreatment that was "severe, pervasive and objectively offensive." Specifically, while Baird alleges a belief that defendants Benke and Corrigan mistreated and denied him educational benefits on the basis of his race, he offers no explanation for that belief or any facts that would support even an inference of race-based discrimination.*fn8 The record is also devoid of proof that SUNY or Empire had any reason to suspect that Baird was, or believed himself to be, the victim of severe and pervasive racial harassment. In arguing to the contrary, Baird points to two letters: one written to Empire President Joseph Moore on October 31, 2005, and another written to SUNY Chancellor John Ryan and others on May 26, 2006. (See Oct. 31, 2005 & May 26, 2006 Letters, Pl. Exs. 33 & 34, Dkt. No. 67:1.) However, while these letters complain about Baird's experiences with defendant Benke and his academic dismissal, expressing strong dissatisfaction with each, neither letter complains about race-based harassment or mistreatment. (See id.) The closest either letter comes to implicating race is Baird's statement in the October 31 letter that "Mrs. Benke may feel that she's spited this 'nigger,' and got the best of me, but in a short minute she'll she that I gave her a long rope to hang herself." (See May 26 Letter, Pl. Ex. 34, Dkt. No. 67:1.) But this statement alone gives no reasonable indication that Baird was or believed himself to be the victim of severe and pervasive racial harassment, especially given the hostile tone of the letter and the absence of any other race-related statements. Thus, absent any evidence that Baird was the victim of severe race-based harassment, or that SUNY or Empire had actual knowledge that any such harassment occurred or was occurring, there is no basis upon which a Title VI "deliberate indifference" claim could be asserted against SUNY or Empire.
Accordingly, because Baird cannot establish any basis of Title VI liability against Empire or SUNY, Baird's Title VI claims are dismissed.
C. Fourteenth Amendment
Baird also asserts claims under the Fourteenth Amendment, contending that: (1) his equal protection rights were violated when he was denied financial aid and expelled; and (2) he was deprived of procedural due process in his pre-expulsion hearing. (See Pl. Mem. of Law at 23-27, Dkt. No. 67.) These claims fail as against each defendant.
1. Equal Protection
Baird claims that his equal protection rights were violated when he was "expelled and denied financial aid that all other students receive" on the basis of his race. (See Pl. Mem. of Law at 23-24, Dkt. No. 67.) To establish an equal protection claim, a plaintiff must show that: "(1) ... compared with others similarly situated, [he] was selectively treated; and (2) that such selective treatment was based on impermissible considerations such as race, religion, intent to inhibit or punish the exercise of constitutional rights, or malicious or bad faith intent to injure a person." LeClair v. Saunders, 627 F.2d 606, 609-610 (2d Cir. 1980) (citation omitted). Here, as discussed above, there is absolutely no evidence that any defendant's conduct was in any way motivated by or based on Baird's race, and the record is likewise devoid of any evidence suggesting that Baird was treated differently than similarly-situated non-minority students. Accordingly, Baird's equal protection claims are dismissed.
2. Due Process and Eleventh Amendment Immunity
Baird's remaining due process claims against SUNY, Empire, and Benke and Corrigan in their official capacities are barred by the Eleventh Amendment. The Eleventh Amendment shields states and their agencies, departments, and officials in their official capacities from suit in federal court, regardless of the relief sought. See Papasan v. Allain, 478 U.S. 265, 276 (1986). This immunity gives way in only three circumstances: (1) where it is waived by the state, see Kentucky v. Graham, 473 U.S. 159, 169 (1985); (2) where it has been abrogated by Congress, see id.; and (3) where a state official is sued in her official capacity for prospective injunctive relief, see Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123, 157 (1908).
Here, in bringing suit against SUNY and Empire-a state-operated institution of SUNY-Baird has, for Eleventh Amendment purposes, sued New York State. Dube v. State Univ. Of N.Y., 900 F.2d 587, 594 (2d Cir. 1990). ("For Eleventh Amendment purposes, SUNY is an integral part of the government of the State of New York and when it is sued the State is the real party." (citation and internal quotation marks omitted)). The same is true of Baird's suit against Benke and Corrigan in their official capacities. See Papsan, 478 U.S. at 276. The only remaining question, then, is whether one of the three exceptions to sovereign immunity apply in this case. In that regard, it is clear that neither SUNY nor Empire has waived its Eleventh Amendment protection, and that § 1983, the vehicle employed to sue defendants here, does not abrogate that protection. See Dube, 900 F.2d at 594 (explaining that it is "well settled" that § 1983 does not abrogate Eleventh Amendment immunity). The third exception, the Ex parte Young exception, is, for the reasons explained below, also inapplicable here.
As described above, the Ex parte Young exception to a state official's entitlement to Eleventh Amendment immunity "permits suits for prospective injunctive relief against state officers alleged to have acted in violation of federal law." Schallop v. N.Y. State Dep't of Law, 20 F. Supp. 2d 384, 391 n.6 (N.D.N.Y. 1998) (citation omitted). This exception, however, applies only where the official sued has "some connection with the enforcement of the [allegedly unconstitutional] act." Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123, 157 (1908); see also Marshall v. Switzer, 900 F. Supp. 604, 615 (N.D.N.Y. 1995) (explaining that the state official must have "a direct connection to, or responsibility for, the alleged illegal action" (citation omitted)). In this case Baird seeks injunctive relief in the form of an order requiring Empire to "readmit [him] to complete the four credits to complete his bachelors degree and graduate" because he was expelled without being afforded adequate due process in his pre-expulsion hearing. (See Am. Compl. at 6, Dkt. No. 21.) Therefore, to be stripped of Eleventh Amendment protection here, Benke or Corrigan must have had some connection with the enforcement of Baird's expulsion without due process-the alleged unconstitutional act. However, Baird fails to allege that connection, and the record fails to otherwise suggest it. Specifically, neither defendant was in any way responsible for supervising the hearing committee; for overseeing the hearing or how it proceeded; for analyzing or adopting the committee's expulsion recommendation; for handling, weighing in on, or deciding Baird's appeal; for making any recommendation as to Baird's expulsion; or for playing any role in Provost Elliot's ultimate decision to expel Baird. Moreover, Baird does not allege that either defendant has the authority to perform the relief sought and reinstate him to Empire. See Hall v. Marshall, 479 F. Supp. 2d 304, 318 (S.D.N.Y. 2007) (dismissing claims against state officials in absence of allegation that they had authority to perform the injunctive relief sought); see also Loren v. Levy, No. 00 Civ. 7687, 2003WL 1702004, at *11 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 31, 2003) ("An injunction may issue only in circumstances where the state official has the authority to perform the required act." (citation and internal quotation marks omitted)). Therefore, the Ex parte Young exception does not apply under these circumstances. To hold otherwise would be to permit Baird to effectively sue New York State through its agents and circumvent the state's sovereign immunity. See Johnson v. N.Y. State Dep't of Corr. Servs., 709 F. Supp. 2d 178, 183 (N.D.N.Y. 2010).
Accordingly, absent the applicability of any exception to defendants' Eleventh Amendment immunity, Baird's procedural due process claims against SUNY, Empire, and Benke and Corrigan in their official capacities are dismissed.
3. Remaining Individual Capacity Claims
To the extent that Baird is also asserting his procedural due process claims against Benke and Corrigan in their individual capacities, those claims must also fail. Baird alleges that he was deprived of procedural due process during his pre-expulsion hearing because the hearing committee was "not impartial," and because he was unable to confront or cross-examine defendant Benke. (See Pl. Mem. of Law at 23-27, Dkt. No. 67.) However, because neither Benke nor Corrigan were responsible for providing Baird with the process he was due, and because there is no evidence or allegations that either defendant was in any way responsible for tainting or compromising the integrity of Baird's pre-expulsion hearing, the court agrees with defendants that neither Benke nor Corrigan can be held responsible for any deficiencies in that hearing. Wright v. Smith, 21 F.3d 496, 501 (2d Cir. 1994) ("It is well settled in this Circuit that personal involvement of defendants in alleged constitutional deprivations is a prerequisite to an award of damages under § 1983." (citation and internal quotation marks omitted)). Accordingly, Baird's procedural due process claims against defendants Benke and Corrigan in their individual capacities are dismissed.
D. Negligence
Baird's remaining claims are for negligence against both Benke and Corrigan in their individual capacities.
Baird's first contention in this regard relates to the letters sent by Benke and Corrigan in October 2005 and May 2006. As against Benke, Baird claims that she was negligent in sending him the October 13, 2005 letter, which dismissed him from Empire for not achieving SAP, and the October 18, 2005 letter, which reiterated his SAP deficiency but placed him on EAW. (See Pl. Resp. Mem. of Law at 16, Dkt. No. 84.) As against Corrigan, Baird claims that she was negligent in sending him the May 17, 2006 letter notifying him that his financial aid was being cancelled because of his failure to satisfy Empire's SAP standards. (See id. at 19-25.) Baird argues that both defendants were negligent in sending these letters because the letters were premised on the "inaccurate" and "fabricated" conclusion that he had not earned enough credits to satisfy the SAP requirements. (See id. at 16-25.) Defendants argue that Baird's negligence claims cannot survive on this basis because the letters were not inaccurate. The court agrees.
The record demonstrates that Empire's SAP policy was aimed at monitoring a student's academic progress per semester, limiting its consideration to only those credits earned through courses taken at Empire. As of October 13, 2005, while Baird had accumulated 120 total credits toward his degree, only ninety of those credits were earned at Empire. (See Transcript, Pl. Ex. 6, Dkt. No. 67:1.) Thus, because Empire's SAP policy required Baird to have earned ninety-four credits by that time, there is no basis to conclude that the October 13 and 18 letters communicating that fact were "inaccurate" or "fabricated." The same is true of the May 17, 2006 letter sent by defendant Corrigan. As indicated in that letter, financial aid eligibility hinged on a student's compliance with Empire's SAP requirements. (See May 17, 2006 Letter, Dkt. No. 62:32; see also Pl. Ex. 28, Empire Eligibility for Financial Aid Sheet, Dkt. No. 67:1.) Therefore, since Baird's academic progress fell below SAP standards, Corrigan's letter informing him that he was no longer eligible for financial aid cannot be viewed as "inaccurate" or "fabricated." Accordingly, Baird's negligence claims must fail insofar as they are based on the letters sent by Benke and Corrigan. And because the May 17, 2006 letter is the only basis upon which Baird asserts a negligence claim against defendant Corrigan, that claim is dismissed.
Baird's remaining theory of negligence is based on his contention that, after his 2005 suspension, he "never knew that their [sic] was a Business Ethics course for him to take," attributing this to Benke's "careless handling of informing Baird about [the] course," (Pl. Resp. Mem. of Law at 9, Dkt. No. 84), and her failure to personally "tell[] him to contact Mike Andolina to finish [the] course," (Pl. Mem. of Law at 11, Dkt. No. 67). Based on this alleged negligence, Baird claims that Benke deprived him of the opportunity to finish the Business Ethics course, ultimately leading to his October dismissal and the cancellation of his financial aid. (See Pl. Resp. Mem. of Law at 9-10, Dkt. No. 84.)
In seeking summary judgment on this claim, Benke offers nothing in the way of a focused negligence analysis-or any analysis for that matter-instead arguing in two sentences that she cannot be liable for negligence because "[w]hatever action or inaction [she] took or did not take with regard to [Baird], she did intentionally." (Defs. Mem. of Law at 23, Dkt. No. 62:3). This argument-apparently aimed at transforming the negligence claim into one for a time-barred intentional tort*fn9 -is underdeveloped, fails to squarely address Baird's allegations, and is therefore insufficient to warrant summary judgment.*fn10
The only other challenge to Baird's negligence claim is asserted in Benke's opposition to Baird's cross-motion for summary judgment. There, Benke points to the evidence indicating that her staff took efforts to notify Baird of the arrangements made as to the Business Ethics Course and to provide him with Dr. Andolina's contact information, apparently arguing that she acted reasonably under the circumstances. (See Def. Resp. Mem. of Law at 10, Dkt. No. 71.) As noted, this argument is not asserted in support of Benke's motion for summary judgment. However, even if the court were to consider the argument as though it were, it would not entitle her to judgment at this juncture.
Most fundamentally, whether a defendant acts reasonably under the circumstances generally gives rise to questions of fact for a jury. See Gonzales v. Caballero, 572 F. Supp. 2d 463, 467 (S.D.N.Y. 2008). This case is no exception. In his submissions, Baird denies ever receiving the voice mail and e-mail allegedly sent to notify him of the availability of the Business Ethics course. Given this denial and the absence of any proof definitively refuting it, there is at least some question as to whether the extent of Benke's efforts to notify Baird were sufficient given whatever duty she owed Baird under the circumstances.*fn11 Thus, because the facts and arguments as currently presented are insufficient to permit the court to hold that the extent of Benke's efforts to notify Baird was sufficient as a matter of law, Benke's motion for summary judgment is denied as to this claim.
E. Baird's Cross-Motion for Summary Judgment
Baird's cross-motion for summary judgment is a near-identical recitation of the arguments made in his opposition to defendants' motion for summary judgment. (Compare Pl. Resp. Mem. of Law, Dkt. No. 84, with Pl. Mem. of Law, Dkt. No. 67.) Having found none of these arguments sufficient to defeat defendants' motion as to Baird's claims under Title VI, the Fourteenth Amendment, or his negligence claim based on the October and March letters, the court finds that they are also insufficientto entitle Baird to summary judgment. As to Baird's remaining claim for negligence against Benke, the court has already determined that questions of fact remain and therefore denies Baird's motion for summary judgment as to that claim. Accordingly, Baird's cross-motion for summary judgment is denied.
V. Conclusion
WHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, it is hereby ORDERED that defendants' motion for summary judgment (Dkt. No. 62) is DENIED as to Baird's negligence claim against Benke insofar as it is based on her alleged failure to sufficiently notify Baird of the availability of the Business Ethics Course; and it is further
ORDERED that defendants' motion for summary judgment (Dkt. No. 62) is GRANTED in all other respects; and it is further ORDERED that Baird's motion to strike certain evidence (Dkt. No. 65) is DENIED; and it is further
ORDERED that Baird's cross-motion for summary judgment (Dkt. No. 67) is DENIED; and it is further ORDERED that the Clerk provide a copy of this Memorandum-Decision and Order to the parties.
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docket number, case citation or footnotes. Upon purchase, docket numbers and/or
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Short Sleeve Rib Bodysuit
Regrettably this item is unavailable to order.
This wardrobe essential is adjustable in length for all body shapes and sizes.
47% Viscose, 47% Polyester, 6% Elastane.
Styles available in our tall range can be identified by this symbol. These styles have been made to suit women 5' 10" (177.5cm) or taller in sizes 8-20. Extra length is added in the sleeve, body and leg length of garments.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Labor Day Factory Escape
Labor Day Factory Escape game information:
Labor Day Factory Escape is another new point and click room escape game from games2rule.com.In this game a labour was working in a factory.But unfortunately you came to know
that you are trapped inside the factory.No one is there to help you out.You have to escape from there by finding useful objects, hints and solving puzzle.Click on the objects
to interact with them and solve simple puzzles.Good Luck Have Fun!
Labour Day Factory Escape,Escape Games,Live Escape,Walkthrough games,New Escape Games,Games2rule games
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How to play:
Use mouse to play this game.
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I'm happy to have no regrets. I have loved watching the sun come up over my beautiful island home of Mauritius, and even though I am about to die, I'm lucky to have survived longer than any other of my kind. People say that as a bird we are very stupid and fat and that we can't even fly, in fact they say we're only good for eating. Is there nothing people won't eat? Even though I'll shortly be served up on a platter, I have satisfaction in knowing I will be the last meal of my kind. Bon appetite.
Creative Directors: Polar Qiao, Liu Qiang, Gentrad
Art Directors: Polar Qiao, Sui ZhanFeng
Copywriters: Gentrad, Tian LinYan
Illustrators: Guo QingWen, Guo Ge
Photographer: G7studio
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Congrats and we will be sharing the same wedding day. I can't tell you anything about Cuba or Mexico but I can tell you that there are quite a few resorts in Dominican Republic that have decent rates. We are having our wedding at the Majestic Colonial and not having a private reception since we will only have about 20 people. But the rates for the resort were 740. per person for 7 nights, and then airfare on top of that. I have also heard that the NOW Larimar has been offering some great rates lately....Just make sure that you pay close attention to what the wedding packages offer especially if you want to have a private reception...add-ons can add up.. Good luck in your planning and I look forward to hearing more about it...
Originally Posted by kat2012
Hi everyone, We are planning to get married in December 2012, and love an idea of getting married on 12/12/12. But I am having hard time to decide on a resort. We are trying to decide between Cuba, Dominican and Mexico. I am going for this countries because some of our family members will have a tight budget. Does anyone have good advice on what is affordable and still good.


text: Home Gallery Video Dead Mouse Theater Leprechaun Dead Mouse Theater: Leprechaun Tomcat, Barton F Graf 9000 and Ringan Ledgwidge Make Rodent Control Memorable Published on Oct 08, 2014 Editor's Pick Barton F. Graf 9000 and rat poison brand Tomcat have come up with an idea for making rodent control memorable -- and it's hilarious. While not for perhaps for the die-hard animal lover (fans of cute little mice, look away now), the ads play on the question of what to do with all those dead mice you've ended up with, when your rat poison is so effective. It's obvious -- a Dead Mouse Theater. Combine that with a top-class director -- Ringan Ledwidge of Rattling Stick -- and you get some excellent quirky puppet action from the rodent stiffs. The Tomcat brand was acquired by Scotts Miracle-Gro in the Fall of 2013, and this is its first marketing campaign since. Rate this Ad You must be registered to rate the ad. Please Login or Register Now About CreditsDateOct 08, 2014Agency:Barton F. Graf 9000 New YorkClient:Dead Mouse TheaterFounder/Chief Creative Officer:Gerry GrafPartner/Executive Creative Director:Scott VitronePartner/Executive Creative Director:Ian ReichenthalCopywriter:Steve McElligottCopywriter:Nick KaplanCopywriter:Mark BielikArt Director:Jerome MarucciArt Director:Ross FletcherHead of Integrated Production:Josh MorseFounding Partner/CEO:Barney RobinsonProduction Company:Rattling StickDirector:Ringan LedwidgeExecutive Producer:Joe BigginsProducer:Tess MitchellProducer:Patrick BaileyDOP:Ray CoatesCostume Designer:Rosa DiasProduction Designer:Simon DavisSet Designer:Nick AbbottPuppeteer:Andy HeathEditorial:Work Editorial IncEditor:Mark EdinoffExecutive Producer:Erica ThompsonSenior Producer:Sari ResnickAssistant Editor:Adam WittenFinishing:The MillVFX Producer:Rachael TrilloTelecine:Fergus McCallTelecine:Mikey Rossiter2D Lead:Chris Sonia2D Lead:Keith Sullivan2D Assist:Emily Bloom2D Assist:Molly Intersimone2D Assist:Anne Trotman2D Assist:Antoine Douadi2D Assist:Dae Yoon Kang2D Assist:Liz Berndt3D Animation:Aran QuinnAudio:Heard CityAudio Engineer:Philip LoebAudio Engineer:Evan MangiameleMusic:Butter See more credits Latest Creativity News on Ad Age Creative Thinkers Join Hulsbosch, Maxus, BBH Just What Is the 'Agency of the Future' and Has Omnicom Built It? Video Ad Review: AT&T Anti-Texting Ad a Punch in the Gut Advertisement Ad Age Events Nov 02 Los Angeles, CA SummitAd Age Brand Summit The Ad Age Brand Summit in Los Angeles peels apart the layers of brand building with a carefully crafted roster of top marketing, technology, and creative leaders. Learn more Related work Dead Mouse Theater: Fitzy Gibbons Barton F. Graf 9000 New York Dead Mouse Theater: Vikings Barton F. Graf 9000 New York Bai: Super Bowl 50 -- Horse Whisperer Barton F. Graf 9000 New York Want to see your work in our gallery? Submit now


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Beef export growth expected
Jamie Penn, chief commodity analyst with ABARES, says overseas import demands could double within the next three decades. ANZ Queensland agribusiness manager Jeff Schrale says the international boost shows there are 'very positive outlooks' for the beef sector.
Source: ABC News | Duration: 10min 19sec
Topics: trade, agribusiness, goondiwindi-4390


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Home :: Wedding Bands :: Gold Wedding Bands :: Celtic Wedding Bands :: Rose Gold
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Gold Wedding Band
Thank-you for all your patience, and I do love this ring! It is a beauty!
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I have to say how happy we were to receive the rings, they were just the right size and what we wanted. thank you so much, they are BEAUTIFUL
Chocolate diamond heart earrings
I have been looking for several years for earrings to match a chocolate diamond heart pendant. I was pleased to find a pair of earrings on your website...
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Wanna join the discussion?! Login to your Long distance hiking trails forum accountor Register a new forum account. Or Connect via Facebook
Hmmm ... ...
Yankele, watching channel 1 may cause damage to health.
At least I earned and Elon wrote about Druze City Guide looking at how to survive in the desert.
Nthei 40732.8774768518
יענקל'ה congratulations on the birth of a grandchild!
So, we need to learn about it from the tv?
Respect to the angels, the beautiful Israel without any quotation marks.
Indeed a beautiful story supportive and positive, showing a decent image of mutual aid, and lots of love.
Ma, great: serious, consider.
Camping along the life!!
And this is the link to the journal
Ayala Hasson displays the subject about 1:10:10 am
After the article on the Angels for Angels new book added to the list in oikishbil. None of them lives on. Guess where?
What you wrote in the correct Hebrew is actually someone in garden. Guess where.
I assume that you mean he doesn't live where.
Increasing tension.
Give you a clue in Numerology: 401.
Kfar Adumim?


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It's tough to stay focused at the end of the year. This list of apps and online services can help you stay on target and enjoy the holidays.
Asana just introduced kanban boards to its workflow-management tool. Confused about what kanban boards are and how to use them? Our explainer can help.
These smart tools and services will make you the master of your email inbox.
These increasingly popular productivity apps should be on the radar of businesses big and small.
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Save trees and become more organized in the process with the help of these key apps and services.
In a fast-paced, digital world, there are very simple app-based ways to remind yourself what you have to be grateful for.
This handy app makes use of things like your fitness tracker data and the music you listen to, by looking for correlations between your productivity and things that increase it.
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When you adopt Asana, Slack, or any other collaboration tool, it's crucial to document workflows and figure out the mindset of the team. Here's why (and how).
Big changes come to Apple's Messages app with iOS 10. Here's what you need to know to find out if it's the right mobile messaging app for you.
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Did you know that you can rent phones, cameras, fitness trackers, headphones, and other tech products? Here's how to take that gadget for a spin before you make your final buying decision.
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Breaks from work are necessary, but if you don't do them right, they can lead to distraction and procrastination. Here's what you need to know to recharge right.


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Whirlpool WRS325FNAE
36" Freestanding Side by Side Refrigerator with 24.9 cu. ft. Capacity, 3 Glass Shelves, Crisper Drawer, Adaptive Defrost, Accu-Chill�, SpillGuard� in Black Ice
Available Usually Ships within 24-48 Hours[Only 6 available]
Quick Specs: View More
- Width: 35.5"
- Height: 68.875"
- Depth: 34.625"
- Type: Freestanding
- Style: Side-by-Side
- Total Capacity: 24.9 cu. ft.
Learn more »
Save energy and refrigerate quickly with this huge refrigerator with the Accu-Chill™ temperature management system. The SpillGuard™ glass shelves contain spills and leaks. Plus, this large refrigerator includes Adaptive Defrost that monitors compressor activity and defrosts only when necessary, saving you more energy. Available at AppliancesConnection
Accu-Chill Temperature Management System
Save energy and cool your food quickly with this model's temperature management system. This intuitive system senses and adapts using built-in sensors to measure the internal temperature and activates the compressor only when necessary, delivering efficient cooling performance.
Adaptive Defrost
Adaptive Defrost saves more energy by monitoring compressor activity and defrosting only when necessary, resulting in improved food preservation and energy savings.
SpillGuard™ Glass Shelves
SpillGuard™ glass shelves contain leaks and spills for easier cleanup.
Adjustable Gallon Door Bins
Build your door storage to fit your needs. Adjustable gallon door bins easily move when and where you need to. The gallon-size bins can easily accommodate beverage jugs and other larger containers.
|General Specifications
|Ice Maker:
|Door Style:
|Total Capacity:
|24.9 cu. ft.
|Refrigerator Capacity:
|15.32 cu. ft.
|Freezer Capacity:
|9.61 cu. ft.
|Refrigerator Specifications
|Number of Shelves:
|Spill Proof Shelves:
|Type of Shelves:
|Refrigerator Door Bins:
|Dairy Bin:
|Freezer Specifications
|Freezer Shelves:
|Number of Freezer Shelves:
|Freezer Door Bins:
|Freezer Basket:
|Exterior Width:
|Depth with Door at 90 Degrees:
|Depth without Handles:
|Cabinet Depth:
|Height without Hinges:
|Cutout Height:
|Cutout Width:
|Cutout Depth:
- Brand:Whirlpool
- Stock Id:349446
- Color:Black Ice
- Type:Freestanding
- Style:Side-by-Side
- Cabinet Color:Black
- Door Color:Black
- Number of Shelves:3
- Type of Shelves:Glass
- Total Capacity:24.9 cu. ft.
- Refrigerator Capacity:15.32 cu. ft.
- Freezer Capacity:9.61 Cu. Ft.
- Accepts Custom Panels:No
- Glass Door:No
- Split Shelves:No
- Counter-Depth:No
- Freezer:Yes
- Flush Installation:No
- Freezer Shelves:Wire
- Freezer Type:Shelves and Drawers
- Smudge Proof:No
- Convertible Freezer/Refrigerator:No
- Turbo Cool Setting:No
- Odor Free:No
- Width:35.5"
- Height:68.875"
- Depth:34.625"
- Depth without Handles:32.375"
- Height without Hinges:68.875"
- Cutout Width:36"
- Cutout Depth:27.5"
- Cutout Height:69.375"
- Size:Full Size
- Exterior Width:36"
- Cabinet Depth:27.5"
- Depth with Door at 90 Degrees:49.875"
- Door Alarm:No
- Water Dispenser:No
- Sabbath Mode:No
- Ice Maker:Optional
- Door Lock:No
- Defrost Type:Adaptive
- Hot Water Dispenser:No
- Door in Door:No
- Spill Proof Shelves:Yes
- LED Lighting:Yes
- Sparkling Water Dispenser:No
- Crisper:Yes
- Dual Ice Maker:No
- Accu-Chill�:Yes
- SpillGuard�:Yes
- Energy Star:No
- Volts:115 Volts
- Amps:20 Amps
- Hinge Side:Both
- ADA Compliant:No
- Approved for Outdoor Use:No
- Field Reversible Doors:No
- Approved for Commercial Use:No
- Door Style:Flat
- Refrigerator Door Bins:4
- Dairy Bin:Yes
- Approved for Medical Use:No
- Number of Doors:2
- Freezer Door Bins:6
- 4 Door:No
- Number of Freezer Shelves:5
- Freezer Basket:1
Technical Details
Adaptive Defrost
Adaptive Defrost saves more energy by monitoring compressor activity and defrosting only when necessary, resulting in improved food preservation and energy savings.
Cool your food quickly with this model`s temperature management system. This intuitive system senses and adapts using built-in sensors to measure the internal temperature and activates the compressor only when necessary, delivering efficient cooling perfo
SpillGuard� glass shelves contain leaks and spills for easier cleanup.
4210463RW Easy-to-Use Maintenance Brush for Dryers and Refrigerators
$19.99Qty: Add to Cart Free ShippingRebate Available
10 Year Major Component Warranty
$49.99Qty: Add to Cart Free Shipping
ECKMF95 Automatic Ice Maker Kit
$84.10Qty: Add to Cart Free ShippingRebate Available
Current Rebates
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Expired Rebates
Whirlpool - $50 Rebate for Individual Category Purchases
Buy any eligible Whirlpool Dishwasher, Range, Refrigerator and receive $50 Mail-In Rebate. Must purchase between October 1 - October 31, 2016
Whirlpool - Up To $475 Black Friday Rebate for Individual Category Purchases
Buy any eligible Whirlpool Dishwasher, Range, Cooktop, Refrigerator or Wall Oven and receive up to $475 Mail-In Rebate. Must purchase between November 1 - November 30, 2016
Please Note: It is the sole responsibility of the customer to download, fill up and mail the rebate within the allotted time period. Please make sure to follow all instructions. AppliancesConnection cannot be held responsible for rebates which are denied or not claimed.You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader to view and print pdf files.
Info & Guides
- Whirlpool WRS325FNAE - Dimension Guide
- Whirlpool WRS325FNAE - User Instructions
- Whirlpool WRS325FNAE - Installation Instructions
- Whirlpool WRS325FNAE - Energy Guide
- Whirlpool WRS325FNAE - Warranty
- Whirlpool WRS325FNAE - Installation Guide
- Whirlpool WRS325FNAE - Dimension Guide
- Whirlpool WRS325FNAE - Use & Care Guide
- Whirlpool WRS325FNAE - Energy Guide
- Whirlpool WRS325FNAE - Warranty Information
- Refrigerator Buying Guide
Appliance Accessories:View More »
$19.99Add to Cart
Appliance Warranties:View More »
$49.99Add to Cart
Optional Ice Makers:View More »
$84.10Add to Cart


text:
referencia : 921025/211
Belonging to the Ski Mountaineering range, the RADIUM is a high performance cross country skiing boot.GARMONT
Belonging to the Ski Mountaineering range, the RADIUM is a high performance cross country skiing boot.
It brings together all the elements to make that a reliable footwear delivers outstanding performance in descent.
Equipped with four micro-adjustable hooks, it offers very good support and is also very comfortable thanks to its warm and precise G-Fit thermo-shaped liner suitable for the most demanding walkers. Plus, with a fit of 102.5 mm and a powerful flex (130), it ensures sharpened responsiveness.
Good for climbing and descents, this boot represents a great combination of power, support and weight.
- Index of flex: 130 AT
- Width (in 27.5 ): 102.5 mm
- Shell: Pebax ®
- Cuff mobility: 45⁰
- Liner: G-Fit thermoforming
- Tightening: 4 fast buckles + Power Strap
- Forward Lean: 13 degrees + free for walking
- System: UNI TECH*, (compatible with ATK, G3, Plum, and Dynafit® bindings)
|Peso (g)
|Tamano de suela
|Tamano EU
|Tamano MP
|Unit weight


text:
Gotta be Taylor Swift for the latest black-ops propaganda video with generally terrible song to boot.
We will be victorious! So c'mon!
(05-28-2015, 12:08 PM)TheyLive Wrote: Gotta be Taylor Swift for the latest black-ops propaganda video with generally terrible song to boot.
(05-28-2015, 12:12 PM)tapirmusic Wrote: I noticed that like all of these female "artists" that she now has a dark alter persona with some ridiculous name. Like her own "bad girl" version of herself that's naughty and sexier. I distinctly remember Beyonce doing this not too long ago.Yes, good point. The 'bad girl' version could be the persona that does honey-trapping and targeted hits when programmed to do so by the handler. Hopefully VC will write about that aspect again.
I assume it's some Monarch thing.
(05-28-2015, 01:11 PM)The Creeper Wrote: sounds awful when you comapre it to legendary bands like pink floyd.
(05-28-2015, 04:19 PM)The Creeper Wrote: If you know of any popular bands or musicians that never had anything to do with the illuminati id love to hear about them, most who resist too hard end up dead.


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Funfetti Cake with Cake Batter FrostingPosted: September 4, 2016 Filed under: - Leave a comment
Funfetti Cupcakes with Cake Batter Frosting
Had to repeat the cake recipe and made a lot of changes so I'm going to have a different format!
- Recipe Used:
- What I Changed:
- Measured everything by weight
- Added 2t butter extract
- Increased vanilla to 2t, used clear imitation vanilla (idea from Momofuku Milk Bar's published recipes, which says that imitation vanilla replicates a more nostalgic "funfetti/birthday cake" flavor
- Made a half sheet of cake, a 4.5 inch cake, and a dozen mini-cupcakes
- The half sheet took about 35 minutes, and the 4.5 inch ones took anywhere from 25-30 minutes, and the mini-cupcakes took about 15-20 minutes at 350. Eyeballed most of it, too early to really keep track of bake times but in general I don't think I over/underbaked much
- What I Liked/Disliked:
- ALL THE SPRINKLES SANK TO THE BOTTOM!!! Argh what an awful recipe…not surprised the author didn't have more sprinkles in the photos. I was so excited to try it, too. And to prove to myself that there was an imbalance in liquid and dry ingredients I added 1/2 C Cake Flour to a bit of remaining batter and baked another batch–it was far more dry and overmixed, but it rose so much better (in my opinion illustrating that the batter was too heavy for the baking powder to even have its full effect) and the sprinkles didn't sink.
Where is my funfetttiiiiii
Found it. Shaved off this bottom layer, going to turn this into a standard white cake. I suppose it is still a delicious cake…
What is this?! Alllll the sprinkles sinking!!!
What a huge difference after adding some flour!
Comparison of the mini-muffins with and without the extra flour.
- Adding sprinkles halfway through the bake helped a little but those sank pretty far down, too
- That said, it was a delicious cake with a very, very tender crumb…but I still needed a batter that would hold sprinkles soooo in round two I quartered the recipe and removed the two whole eggs…did the trick! Was not as moist and tender but definitely velvet-y, thanks to the shortening
- The recipe was: 28.25g Butter, 25g Shortening, 112.5g Sugar, 1/2t VanExt, 1/2t ButterExt; 30g Egg White (1 White); 78.75g Cake Flour (don't forget sifting!), 3g BP (just over 1/2t), Pinch Salt (1/8t), 60g Milk
- ALL THE SPRINKLES SANK TO THE BOTTOM!!! Argh what an awful recipe…not surprised the author didn't have more sprinkles in the photos. I was so excited to try it, too. And to prove to myself that there was an imbalance in liquid and dry ingredients I added 1/2 C Cake Flour to a bit of remaining batter and baked another batch–it was far more dry and overmixed, but it rose so much better (in my opinion illustrating that the batter was too heavy for the baking powder to even have its full effect) and the sprinkles didn't sink.
- Next Steps:
- Use real vanilla extract because it tastes better and nostalgia in this cake only gets me so far😛
- Omit the butter extract because I feel like I need a better sense of what it tastes like with vanilla alone
- Consider adding almond extract after I figure out what to do with the vanilla and butter extracts
- Whip the egg whites separately and fold in
- Looking at the KAF White Cake Recipe, I'm curious as to how the cake would turn out if I swapped milk for yogurt…I would imagine it would create a much thicker batter, at the very least
Cake Soak:
- I know Momofuku does a soak and I THINK Bud and Marilyn's does one too, though it's very light?
- 1 Cup Whole Milk Reduced to 1/4 Cup and Strained + 1/2t Baileys + 1/2t VanExt + 1/2t ButterExt
- I added this soak to the bottom layer but didn't add enough to taste it/allow it to penetrate – but in a separate bowl I mixed some leftover soak with some leftover cake and it was AMAZING! Loved the richness it added and the way it created different textures
- Next Steps:
- Won't reduce (makes it a little too thick to penetrate easily)
- Use a greater volume
- Do the soak when the cake is warm (I dont have much experience in soaks but I'm pretty sure this will make a big difference…to do the soak before the cake has really settled/set, thicnk I read it somewhere once)
- Mayyybe poke holes? Might be too much…
- Might omit the butter extract, I think I prefer baileys to help replicate the cake batter flavor actually😛
Cake Crumbs
- I tried adapting two recipes from Momofuku to my taste…I was okay with both, didn't love either
- Birthday Cake Crumb Recipe: http://milkbarstore.com/main/menu/recipes-and-how-tos/#birthday cake crumb
- 100 g granulated sugar (1/2 cup)
25 g light brown sugar (1 1/2 tablespoons, tightly packed)
90 g cake flour (3/4 cup)
2 g baking powder (1/2 teaspoon)
2 g kosher salt (1/2 teaspoon)
20 g rainbow sprinkles (2 tablespoons)
40 g grapeseed oil (1/4 cup)
12 g clear vanilla extract (1 tablespoon)
- What I Changed:
- Quartered the recipe
- Didn't have grapeseed oil so I subbed corn oil–I think this probably changed a lot in terms of flavor, though they are both pretty neutral oils I THINK?
- Subbed brown sugar with granulated sugar, didn't want to start introducing the flavor of brown sugar
- Added butter extract (an amount equivalent to the vanilla extract )
- What I Liked/Disliked:
- I actually ended up with what I felt was too runny a mixture…it turned into a bunch of nice crumbs in the end butttt didn't hold it's shape at all from how I originally placed them (they all melted into each other). I think there's a good chance it had something to do with the things I substituted/added but who knows
- Also did not like the flavor…maybe that had to do with the oil…but ALSO definitely had to do with the imitation vanilla, yuck
- Though they weren't too sweet, which I liked
- Loved the look
- And they were nice and addicting-ly crunchy, which I also really liked
- As always I like to mess with things a bit so I reserved a little, added Cake Flour one teaspoon at a time until I could roll the dough into small balls–they puffed up and became hollow little dots! Too cute! I tried to decorate with them but decided I didn't like them in the end (Shawn was opposed to these "mushrooms")
These are the birthday cake crumbs in the back and the cute little "mushrooms" I got once I added more dry ingredients! Forgot to grab a picture of the crumbs prior to breaking them up, but yeahhh they really just didn't hold their shape whatsoever until after I added extra flour.
- 100 g granulated sugar (1/2 cup)
- Milk Crumb Recipe: http://milkbarstore.com/main/menu/recipes-and-how-tos/
- I actually started this recipe once before and didn't take it to completion, was happy with the salty milk-crumb product in the middle
- 40g (½ cup) milk powder
40g (½ cup) flour
12g (2 tbs) cornstarch
25g (2 tbs) sugar
2g (½ tsp) kosher salt
55g (4 tbs [½ stick]) butter, melted
20g (¼ cup) milk powder
90g (3 oz) white chocolate, melted
- What I Changed:
- Added some sprinkles at the very end
- Quartered the recipe
- No extracts added–just making a note
- What I Liked/Disliked:
- A little too sweet
- Not crunchy enough at all!! Very soft, especially at room temperature
- Great taste though…white chocolate, butter, milk❤
- Next Steps:
- Definitely going with the Birthday Cake Crumb as a base…
- I think I'll try adding milk powder or cornstarch next time instead of cake flour, by the teaspoon of course
- Going to use melted butter instead of oil, definitely
- Real vanilla!!! Might omit the butter extract again just to identify the flavor of the vanilla alone
Cake Batter/White Chocolate Cream Cheese Frosting
- http://wickedgoodkitchen.com/white-chocolate-cream-cheese-buttercream-frosting/
- What I Changed:
- Half batch
- Used all unsalted butter
- 1t VanExt, 1t ButterExt
- Omitted Lemon Juice…lemon juice and cake batter? No…
- Used a baking bar to facilitate the melting process
- Had approx 30 g powdered sugar, then used 100g granulated sugar…kind of just a random amount. Had to mix this in with a small portion of the butter/cream cheese first to try and dissolve as much as possible, then added it back into the full frosting batch and whipped to full volume, at which point it had fully dissolved
- Used only 2.5 oz white chocolate–veeeery important to make sure this is slightly cooled/at room temp
- What I Liked/Disliked:
- DELICIOUS! A tad too sweet but the cake wasn't too sweet so it worked
- Super duper silky
- Really replicated the cake batter flavor, I guess white chocolate must have something to do with it…
- Was SUCH a great consistency…firmed up quickly enough and although it melted a little once warmed, overall it was really great
- Just the right amount to decorate the cake with, too!
Slices through beautifully! (From the fridge)
- Next Steps:
- I would want to find away to preserve the flavor but also cut back on the sugar AND I want to firm it up a bit if possible
- I think next time I'll cap the sugar off at 90g, though I don't know what combination of powdered sugar and granulated I'll use…I guess all powdered ideally and add more as needed
- I think I'll swap a tablespoon or two of the butter for cream cheese to make it more firm and less sweet/more tangy (two-in-one!)
- Could also try adding milk powder to firm it up without making it too sweet! Now there's an idea…
Before I decided to remove the mushrooms heh…
Simplest BunsPosted: September 4, 2016 Filed under: - Leave a comment
One of the top-rated bread recipes on KAF's site. No frills, no funky ingredients!
Recipe Used:
What I Changed:
- Went with 170g water
- Didn't brush with butter, no sesame seeds
- Reduced salt to 1 t
- Underbaked slightly
- 10 buns, 16 min at 375
What I Liked:
Very easy dough to work with
- Stayed soft for 3-4 days at least (was suprised with this, considering there weren't any stabilizers! Is egg a stabilizer?
What I Would Change:
- Miss the mild flavor from the potato😛
- Maybe brush with honey butter?
Other Comments:
- I don't know that I really loved this recipe or that it stood out…I wonder if a lot of folks start with this recipe on KAF because it's straightforward (or because apparently people want homemade burger buns haha) and just get really excited the first time they try homemade bread😛
- Finally used the drying rack!!
Soft White Dinner Rolls, RevisitedPosted: August 29, 2016 Filed under: - Leave a comment
Everything bagel topping makes everything better❤
After the Parker House Rolls, I was thinking I may have under-proofed the Soft White Dinner Rolls a bit, so I decided to re-do them!
Recipe Used:
What I Changed:
- Made 1/4 batch
- Brushed the tops with water and a little bit of everything bagel topping
- Reduced the salt slightly
- Used potato flour again
- Went with the smallest amount of water
What I Liked:
This dough is SO smooth and easy to work with–doesn't stick to your hands at all, really!
- Has more of a chewy/hearty bite than a lot of the other rolls, which I liked!
- I think this roll lets you taste the potato particularly well
What I Would Change:
- I really need to get into the habit of letting these cool on racks instead of on pans to help keep the bottoms crisp…
Other Comments:
- Glad I decided to re-do these! I liked them a lot more the second time around, they felt much lighter
- Among the recent rolls I've made, my favorite one right out of the oven is probably the Golden Pull-Apart Butter Bun, with the Parker House Rolls coming in at a close second. I may have over-proofed my Parker House Rolls…they were suspiciously soft, to the point where they stuck to the roof of my mouth😛 I'm sure I'll make them again at some point! I'm also curious to test out other Parker House Roll recipes! But a lot of the others I saw didn't necessarily call for potato or dry milk, so I can't imagine them being as good😛 In terms of which ones were my favorite 2-3 days later, I think it's between the Soft Dinner Rolls and the Golden Pull-Apart Butter Bun.
Potato Wheat RollsPosted: August 29, 2016 Filed under: - Leave a comment
Had a little bit of whole wheat flour that needed to be used up😛
Recipe Used:
What I Changed:
- Actually did 3/4 a batch and it wound up using up the remainder of the WWF almost perfectly!
- Used freshly squeezed OJ
- Used sugar instead of honey because I didn't want to start adding too many new ingredients in–wanted to be able to compare the buns a bit better…I read online that they are interchangeable in terms of sweetness and I just swapped them by weight but I'm not sure whether "interchangeable" meant in terms of weight or volume…or whether I believe they're actually interchangeable
What I Liked:
Nice, whole-wheat-y bite
- Very, very soft for a whole wheat bread, and stayed soft for at least 3-4 days
What I Would Change:
- SO hard to work with this dough. Sticky, messy mess.
Other Comments:
- Need to start using white whole wheat and seeing how that tastes…
Parker House RollsPosted: August 21, 2016 Filed under: - Leave a comment
Omg second favorite bun after the Amish ones!
Recipe Used:
What I Changed:
- Went with 50g potato flour
- Used 1 tsp salt
- Shaped as simple rolls
- Used 57g butter (half stick) in the bread and then just didn't brush any on top…probably not traditional but helps compare between rolls😛
- Made 17 rolls (these rise a lot!) and probably juuust underbaked (my preference!!), approx 19 mins
- Had to wet my hands to manage this dough, it was pretty sticky!!
What I Liked:
Very, very fluffy and light
- Right when they came out of the oven, the bottoms were super crispy!
What I Would Change:
- Would try an egg wash so that there's more of a contrast between outside and inside, esp. if I'm underbaking
- Would increase the sugar by…2T? Or up the salt a hint, maybe to what the recipe actually calls for heh. Could use a little more flavor in these buns, though I loved the texture!
- Was it the egg that made these so good?? The milk?
Other Comments:
- May have over-proofed these? But still amazing…
- Also didn't get these as brown as they could have been but probably due to underbaking
- I think I may have under-proofed the "Soft White Dinner Rolls" so I'll try that one again at some point soon
- Next on my list is a partial whole-wheat bun that also calls for potato flour and dry milk!
- Ah the sheet pan/silpat are amazing!!
Golden Pull-Apart Butter BunsPosted: August 21, 2016 Filed under: - Leave a comment
Buns4days! What a beautiful crumb🙂
Recipe Used:
What I Changed:
- Made 20 buns
- Baked for ~20 min at 350
- Kneaded for ~7 mins
What I Liked:
This dough was such a breeze to work with!
- Incredibly tender rolls
- Soft for ~3 days, by day 4 I'd say they would be more stale but could be reheated (they didn't make it to day 4 :P)
What I Would Change:
- Maybe underbake a teensy bit more next time?
Other Comments:
- It's always so much harder to hear the "hollow" sound with buns…I really need to get an internal thermometer!
- Didn't brown as much as the photo, not sure why…I think I read about it having something to do with drying out the tops? Maybe I underbaked?
- These didn't have the "wrinkly" appearance right when they came out…does that also suggest underbaking?
Soft White Dinner RollsPosted: August 21, 2016 Filed under: - Leave a comment
Back to breadmaking!
Recipe Used:
What I Changed:
- Swapped the instant flakes for half the potato flour
- Used 1 packet of Fleischmann's instant yeast
- Baked at 350 for ~25 min, didn't quite sound done but they were
- Brushed the tops with salted butter
- Reduced salt to 1 tsp
- Went with 198 g water
What I Liked:
Good potato taste😀
- Very easy to make!
What I Would Change:
- Nice, hefty bite but not as luscious a mouthfeel or as soft as the Amish rolls…I wonder if it would turn out better with potato flakes?
- Did I not let it rise enough?
- Shawn thought it had a bit of an aftertaste, but I couldn't quite detect it
- Didn't get the guaranteed rise😦 Again, maybe because of the lack of potato flakes…
Other Comments:
- Get hard-ish in the fridge but can be warmed up in the microwave/toasted


text:
The F175 is mechanically controlled for ease of use in both new boat and repower applications. The introduction of the new F115B is very exciting for both Yamaha and the Australian market as a whole. The 115 horsepower engine category is very popular among Australian boaters and powers a diverse range of boats, from serious offshore fishing set ups to weekend ski boats and everything in between.
The new F115B is not only powerful and compact, but is now also the lightest outboard in the four-stroke class.
At 171Kg, the new F115B is 15Kg lighter than the previous generation F115A and 11Kg lighter than the nearest four stroke competitor. Weight savings are derived from a variety of new materials, such as a composite cowling, a single ram power trim and tilt mechanism, and a new lightweight mounting bracket.
The F115B provides increased cubic capacity, which now measures 1.8 litres. The outboard's Double-Overhead Cam (DOHC) four-cylinder design now has larger intake and exhaust valves for easier breathing, more power and better midrange torque. The compression ratio has been increased, and so has the full-throttle RPM range – now up to 6,300 RPM. A knock sensor allows the engine to operate reliably at peak output. The result is great response throughout the RPM range and terrific acceleration.
The new F115 model is mechanically controlled and compatible with Yamaha's Command Link gauges and hardware as well as the Y-COP theft deterrent system. The outboard also includes Yamaha's Variable Trolling function when fitted with Yamaha's Command Link gauges or Multi-function Tiller Handle.
The new F175A will be available from April 2014. The new F115B will be available from the beginning of May.
For more information visit www.yamaha-motor.com.au


text:
Can I cut a neurontin 300 mg capsule in half, and just take half of it?
- Asked
- 11 Mar 2011 by PUNKY 1966
- Active
- 11 Mar 2011
- Topics
- neurontin, vertigo
Responses (2)
No. Medications are developed to provide relief or resolution of a condition. Part of that formulation is designed to to be absorbed ratably by your body. By breaking a capsule, you may be altering the absorption rate as well as how and where the medication is dissolved in your body. Check with your pharmacist, the drug company's website, or the PDR online.
Further Information
- Neurontin Information for Consumers
- Neurontin Information for Healthcare Professionals (includes dosage details)
- Side Effects of Neurontin (detailed)
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text:
League of Conservation Voters (LCV) President Gene Karpinski issued the following statement in reaction to the bipartisan Markey-Platts legislation introduced today to significantly increase fuel economy standards for cars and light trucks:
"We applaud Representatives Markey and Platts for their leadership in working to increase fuel economy standards and help address global warming.
This is a win-win proposal: not only will it save consumers money by making their cars go further on a gallon of gas, but it will also significantly reduce global warming pollution and our dependence on oil.
Last November, voters sent Washington a clear message for change. Part of that change was a new direction in our nation's energy policy. By increasing fuel economy, this legislation is an important step toward energy independence and a clean energy future.
We look forward to working with Representatives Markey and Platts to help pass this bill."


text:
Smarter, easier, greener. This brand new detergent is changing the way people do laundry.
With a sleek little bottle, patent-pending Smartclean technology™, and an ultra concentrated plant-based formula, it delivers big cleaning power with just a few squirts. A 35% smaller carbon footprint than conventional detergent, this lightweight pump is designed for easy, one-handed use. Made from 50% recycled plastic, it is a lean, mean, stain-fighting machine.
Shipping And Returns
Local Delivery & CollectionFree local delivery with minimum $100 purchase. Delivery will be made within 24 hours unless otherwise stated, orders received after 6pm will be processed on the following day.Maximum 10 local delivery locations in one order – free delivery fee entitlement based on average $100 purchase for every location.Click & Collect service is available at TANGS at Tang Plaza, Click & Collect Counter L4 or TANGS VivoCity, Customer Service Counter L1. Please present your Order Confirmation Receipt to collect your merchandise.
Return & ExchangeWe accept exchange, returns or refund within 30 days of purchase except TANGS Gift Card, Food (seasonal), Hamper, Pre-order, Workshop and Services. Merchandise must be in original condition and packaging together with the Order Confirmation Receipt.Local purchases can only be returned at our TANGS at Tang Plaza, Click & Collect Counter L4 or TANGS VivoCity, Customer Service Counter L1. We do not accept any local returns through mail.
Refund credit will be in the form of TANGS Credit Vouchers. Customers are also required to return any free gift(s) and samples received from the purchase.For more information and overseas delivery, please refer to Delivery & Collection and Return & Exchange
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Method Fabric Softener - Fresh Air, 600ml (50 loads)


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Product Description
Brown & black studded ball cap with "BIKE WEEK 75 YEARS" embroidered in gold and black with golden studs on the front and "DAYTONA BEACH 2016" on the bill, with an embroidered shield and studded designs.
- Quality 6 panel, durable ball cap with embroidered bill
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- Hand wash with warm water and mild detergent, hang dry
- Many years of Bike Week patches and products available. Click here to see our entire Daytona Beach Bike Week collection!
- PatchStop.com has the largest selection of motorcycle rally souvenirs. Click here to see the full line of products from your favorite bike event!


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Looking for a Used Neon in your area?
CarGurus has 938 nationwide Neon listings and the tools to find you a great deal.
1996 Dodge Neon Overview
The Dodge Neon is not only a great-value subcompact car, it is highly energetic and actually pretty fun to drive. Its cab-forward design, with a high rear deck, wide wheelbase, and long hood with oval headlights, gives it a bit of flash while also improving its stability on the road.
Because its M.O. is affordability, the base Neon never came with many standard features or options. But in 1996 Dodge added more features and options. A 2-door base coupe was now offered, and if purchased with the racing-inspired Competition Package, could come equipped with a speedy 2.0-liter, twin-cam, 150-hp engine. Base sedans received more features, such as 14-inch wheels, tinted windows, intermittent wipers, and body-colored bumpers. They came standard with the single-cam 2.0-liter engine, rated at 132 hp. ABS was now only an option on all trims, including the Sports, on which it used to come standard.
The 1996 Dodge Neon tried to appeal to poor young hipsters with its Expresso Package (kind of cute, in a conservative, stuffy, white-corporate-businessman way), which turned the Neon into a sportier urban vehicle on the outside, with a deck spoiler, hood bulge, and white wheel covers. The Highline and Sport trims continued to offer more options and more comfortable and supportive seats. All 1996 Neons were surprisingly roomy for a subcompact, due to the cab-forward design.
Overall, owners either love or hate their Neon. They love its semi-sporty look (for a subcompact), its quick engine, its smooth handling in any situation, its durability, and its fuel economy. But a lot of owners have been disappointed by a faulty transmission, head gasket failures, rear blind spots due to the high deck, and road noise.
What's your take on the 1996 Dodge Neon?
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I need to know where the bolt for the pulley tensioner is
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Where can I find a battery temperature sensor. I have tried everywhere the sensor has been discontinued. Help please
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text:
Is this an European restaurant?
Is this an Indian restaurant?
Does this restaurant have a full bar?
Is this restaurant good for brunch?
Does this restaurant offer free wifi?
Does this restaurant offer takeout or food to go?
Is this restaurant good for business meetings?
Is this restaurant good for dinner?
Does this restaurant offer highchairs for toddlers?
Are the prices at this restaurant mid-range / moderate?
Thanks for helping!
With the garden concepts nice minimalist building just next to the river. One of the most popular restaurant in jogyakarta. Has been stay there and run quite sometimes. You will come back and come back again if you come to Jogyakarta.
I have been going to this place since 2000. It gets better by time. Food choices (Western - Indian - Indonesian), live music choices all at once with 3 different areas (country - pop - traditional gamelan), nice ambience and the cool weather. The duck dish is highly recommended (orange sauce or the traditional one). But then again everything else...
Went here a couple of times upon recommendation from hotel concierge. They have 3 choices for seating within the restaurant which are traditional music, western music and no music below. They serve alcohol which might be important to some people since not all restaurants here do. The western section would play your typical Beatles, etc.
gadjah wong has 3 separate sections. we dined at the traditional indonesian area where there is live, subtle traditional music and singing. the garden like background and music was great for dining after a day of walking in hot, humid weather. although there is a short list of indonesian food, we had food from indonesia and italian. both are nicely...
This hotel has nice ambience You dine sitting in a garden with local music on. Nice food and good service.
Good service, romantic place, very recomended for couples. Price a litle bit expensive. Foods are great
This is an extremely cosy restaurant. Since they have three separate rooms you can choose for either the live traditional central Indonesian music or other music. They have a wide range of styles such as classic Indonesian, Indian and European style dishes. I liked very much the Indonesian duck. The salad suffered from an overdose of sauce. A great plus...
Quite a beautiful setting and ambience with nice traditional background live music. Price is relatively high for Jogja but okay compared to abroad. Food is okay
Read on TripAdvisor this was a very well rated place so it was our first port of call.
We arrived admittedly Sunday night but when we arrived there was not one person to greet us. We must have been there for 8 minutes looking for staff. We were shown finally to a table the only guests. Odd.
Menu was not...
I came here for dinner every time when I accommodate my friend to travel in Yogyakarta. Very good food and service especially oxtail soup, my friend very like it.
For me I like fri duck with yellow rice, very delicious.
Own or manage this property? Claim your listing for free to respond to reviews, update your profile and much more.


text:
Wooden tree orange/purple, 140 cm
Item number: 617.864.00
made of 2 cm wood, varnished lilac on one side and orange on another side, connectable foot, price per piece
- Dimensions: 140 x 90 cm (H x W)
- colour: orange/lilac
- Price plus Shipping costs
- 1 piece €99.00 VAT excl. €65.00 VAT excl. €77.35 VAT incl.
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text:
In Sacred Loneliness: The Plural Wives of Joseph Smith
Compton, Todd
Place Published: Salt Lake City, UT
Publisher: Signature Books
Date Published: 1997
Edition: First edition
Binding: Hardcover
Condition: Near fine
ISBN: 156085085x
Book Id: 47778
SIGNED. 788pp. Large octavo [23.5 cm] Red paper covered boards with a gilt stamped title on the spine.
Inscribed by Todd Compton on the half title page. The inscription states: "To___: I look forward to knowing your reaction. Todd M. Compton." From the dust jacket- "Thirty-three extraordinary lives began with promise and devotion and ended almost uniformly in loneliness. The great consolation these women held was that their sacrifices had been for God. Whatever reward they received, it was not of this world."


text:
Knowing that there will only be 5 levels, I'm toying with the idea of the 'older' breadcrumbs getting progressively lighter (specifically, 20% at each level).
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text:
ISO 17025:2005 Accredited
Our laboratory is accredited to the internationally recognized standard for laboratory quality systems.
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Customer-centric Process
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Headquartered in Salt Lake City, UT, Genysis Labs is a cGMP compliant, full service testing laboratory that has provided comprehensive analytical testing for the Dietary Supplement and Food & Beverage industries since 2008. Additionally, Genysis Labs specializes in developing patentable formulations in the field of sports nutrition. Backed by an ISO 17025:2005 accreditation and a management team of highly qualified scientists,
Genysis Labs is committed to providing accurate and timely testing services while maintaining a laboratory environment consistent with ISO/IEC 17025:2005 requirements. At Genysis Labs, we are dedicated to producing accurate results and providing exceptional customer support by exceeding customer expectations.


text:
Item Type: Necklaces
Ethnic Floral Border Weave Choker
Casual choker for daily use
This woven choker with a floral design is fit for daily wear no matter where you go. Choose the best color that will go with most of your outfits. Buy one today!
Item Type: Necklaces
Fine or Fashion: Fashion
Style: Classic
Necklace Type: Chokers Necklaces
Gender: Women
Material: None
Chain Type: Rope Chain
Length: 30+7cm
Metals Type: Silver Plated
Shape\pattern: Plant


text:
Khloe Kardashian's marriage rocked by new infidelity claims as lawyer alleges she had 'six-week summer affair' with Lamar Odom
They were just rebuilding their marriage following claims that he had been unfaithful with stripper Jennifer Richardson.
And now Lamar Odom has been hit with fresh infidelity claims, as Star Magazine claim to have proof that the professional basketball player cheated on wife Khloe Kardashian with lawyer Polina Polonsky.
The website also claims that Polina passed a lie detector (polygraph) test to prove she is telling the truth.
Scroll down for video
Swinger: Khloe Kardashian has been accused of trying to punch Lamar Odom's alleged mistress Polina Polonsky
According to America's Star magazine, Lamar and Polina first met at Los Angeles' Roosevelt Hotel on June 2nd, where the sportsman had been staying for a week amid marital difficulties with Khloe.
Polina said: 'I was under the impression that he had left Khloe, and that's why he was living at the Roosevelt. He acted completely available and we definitely had a mutual attraction.'
Brunette Polina, who claims to have had a six-week long affair with Lamar, claims she had her first kiss with him on June 9th, before consummating their romance on June 13th at her apartment.
She said: 'After we had sex, Lamar stayed the night with me. The next day we went back to the Roosevelt. I stayed there with him for the next couple of nights.'
No sign of trouble: Khloe looked in good spirits as she was seen with her family grabbing a sushi lunch on Tuesday
Easy rider: Khloe was later seen on a scooter as they filmed scenes for their reality show
However, Polina said Khloe was quick to discover her husband's infidelity.
In an attempt to confront Lamar while he was in the midst of being unfaithful, Polina claims Khloe and her mother Kris Jenner made an impromptu visit to The Roosevelt Hotel.
Getting no answer after knocking on what they believed to be Lamar's door, Khloe allegedly kicked down the door, before realising she had the wrong room.
Khloe and Kris then found the right room and reportedly confronted Lamar, who was on his own as Polina was at her apartment at the time.
Pushing through: It's the second time in less than a year that Lamar has been accused of being unfaithful to Khloe, his wife of four years
Polina then claims that Lamar was so infuriated by his wife's behaviour that, on June 22nd, he temporarily moved into her apartment, where he stayed until July 8th.
However, Khloe is said to have then found out where Polina lived, enlisting the help of momager Kris once again to confront her spouse.
But Polina said: 'I couldn't believe they found where I lived and came to my apartment! They were knocking on the door, but Lamar refused to answer.'
This is not the first time that Lamar has been accused of cheating on Khloe.
It was previously claimed that Lamar has been cheating on Khloe with 29-year-old brunette, Jennifer Richardson, after meeting in a Washington, D.C strip club a year ago.
Although it was initially claimed that Khloe had kicked the NBA star out of their home, a source close to the reality star later told MailOnline: 'They're more in love than ever. Khloe did not kick Lamar out of the house, they are 100 per cent fine.'
MailOnline has contacted representatives for Khloe and Lamar for comment on the latest claims.
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344 W 4 S,Rexburg, ID 83440 | Map
Doug's Construction and Repair has been serving Southeast Idaho for 18 years. We are locally owne... Read More
ID | Map
All About Home Repair is a locally owned and operated plumbing and home repair company serving al... Read More
Rexburg, ID 83440 | Map
560 Lyn Ave,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
Falls Cleaning Services has been serving Idaho Falls and surrounding areas since 1978!
W... Read More
1230 S Bellin Rd,Idaho Falls, ID 83402 | Map
At Blackburn's Handyman Service we do it all. We are your place to choose for all you remodeling,... Read More
3810 N Yellowstone Hwy,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
Welcome to All American Cleaning & Restoration!
At All American Cleaning & Restoration, we... Read More
570 W 19th St,Idaho Falls, ID 83402 | Map
Flood & Fire Solutions has over 20 years' experience restoring homes in Pocatello, Idaho Falls, R... Read More
543 Glenwood,Rigby, ID 83442 | Map
Located in Rigby, ID Performance Fencing provides trusted quality and service with over 12 years ... Read More
1436 N Trellis Ln Ste 1,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
Henderson Restoration & Cleaning is the choice for damage restoration and carpet and floor cleani... Read More
Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
634 Davidson Dr,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
All American Remodeling is a locally grown business that gives local residents the chance of empl... Read More
4400 Greenwillow Ln,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
Founded in 1984, Stamper Enterprises is a small residential construction company in Roberts, Idah... Read More
901 Eden Dr,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
Extreme Exteriors & Interiors is a family owned Gutter/ handyman and sprinkler service located in... Read More
Rigby, ID 83442 | Map
600 N. Holmes Ave.,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
Stagecoach Remodeling can handle all of your construction projects.
We do new construction, r... Read More
9259 N Pinehaven Dr,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
17. Bryan Landon Construction, Inc.www.bryanlandonconstruction.com
10990 N Yellowstone Hwy,Ucon, ID 83454 | Map
We are a concrete contractor located in Eastern Idaho and have been providing premium concrete se... Read More
652 N 4116 E,Rigby, ID 83442 | Map
Jab Construction, located in Rigby, ID, has been in the business of making southeast Idaho's home... Read More
3722 E 10 N,Rigby, ID 83442 | Map
1626 Hollipark Dr,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
2205 Gazebo,Idaho Falls, ID 83402 | Map
77 N 5050 E,Ririe, ID 83443 | Map
Mold Pro of Idaho was formed to provide protection for builders, Realtors, landlords, business ow... Read More
2329 Oak Trail Dr,Idaho Falls, ID 83404 | Map
3481 Ruby Cir,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
At T Webb Construction we build and remodel custom, highly energy efficient homes and buildings t... Read More
4110 E 100 N,Rigby, ID 83442 | Map
3950 E 200 N,Rigby, ID 83442 | Map
2466 N 7000 E,Teton, ID 83451 | Map
Moody Creek Insulation Inc is a locally owned and operated company based out of Teton, Idaho. Wit... Read More
294 12th Street,Idaho Falls, ID 83404 | Map
H&H Industries Inc Steel Buildings is a leading supplier of pre-engineered steel buildings buildi... Read More
1022 E Lincoln Rd,Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map
Since 1966, the innovation and industry leadership of Paul Davis Restoration has made us the best... Read More
PO Box 51162,Idaho Falls, ID 83405 | Map
Idaho Falls, ID 83401 | Map