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"Royal" is a series of Trap Cards that deal with negating or restricting the use of specific groups of card effects.
The series covers a large range of effects, and is largely tied together by their artwork, which form a narrative. Several other cards that are not part of this series and have dissimilar effects to the cards in this series (such as the "Huge Revolution" series and "Rock Bombardment") also depict parts of the same storyline.
Playing style
It is very difficult to make a Deck purely made of or centered around "Royal" cards. However, many staple cards are in this series, most of which have anti-meta effects.
These cards all depict an Emperor and his castle or revolutionaries trying to overthrow the Emperor. It's worth noticing that the Emperor is called "Tyrant" on later trap cards, implying that he probably started to behave as such. That would explain his later actions and the need for a revolution. Some of these cards are references to "The Emperor's New Clothes".
The storyline may go something like this:
- Conscription+Spell-Stopping Statute+Imperial Iron Wall+Royal Decree+Imperial Order+Imperial Custom+Imperial Manners+Imperial Register+Late Penalty+D/D Recruit+Contract Laundering
- The Emperor's Holiday+Clear Robe
- Tyrant's Tirade+Tyrant's Temper+Tyrant's Tantrum
- Tyrant's Tummyache
- Tyrant's Throes
- Royal Command
- Royal Writ of Taxation+Royal Oppression
- Royal Prison
- Oppressed People
- People Running About
- United Resistance
- Exiled Force
- Huge Revolution
- The Huge Revolution is Over
- Double Payback
- Asleep at the Switch
- Throwstone Unit
- Catapult Zone
- Rock Bombardment
- Royal Surrender
- Liberty at Last!+Turnabout
- Retort
Ceasefire, Forced Ceasefire , and Prohibition figure into the storyline as well.


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Tickle-The-Tongue Grilled Steak
Total Time
Prep 15 mins
Cook 8 mins
I love marinades and this is one of my favorites. We're talking tender, juicy and flavorful. I have only used flank steak for this one but I suppose any other good steak could be used.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 2 tablespoons oil
- 3 tablespoons soy sauce
- 1 teaspoon lemon rind
- 2 tablespoons lemon juice
- 1⁄4 cup pineapple juice
- 2 teaspoons sugar
- 1⁄2 teaspoon dried oregano
- 1⁄2 teaspoon salt
- 1⁄8 teaspoon pepper
- 1 medium onion, sliced
- 1 garlic clove, minced
- 1 teaspoon unseasoned meat tenderizer
- 1 1⁄2 lbs flank steaks
- Combine all ingredients except flank steak (a gallon-sized freezer storage bag works perfect). Mix well. Add whole flank steak and refrigerate, turning often, for at least two hours. The longer the better.
- Grill on high (gas grill) 4 minutes each side for medium-rare. Be careful to not overcook as it will toughen the meat.
Most Helpful
this was fantastic! I got a really cheap cut of sirloin that I thought would be bit tough but this marinade for 24hrs and it as soft and juicy!! YUM! I used the marinade to make a sauce for noodles, delicious!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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Showing results for "Vision". Did you mean Visitor
36 matching items were found.
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Author Topic: What if They Are Wrong? Questioning the 'Origin of cancer'. (Read 5270 times)
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Build It Tool Show is a two days business event that is going to take place in Kent, the United States of America. The trade forum is proposed to generate the growth and advancement of the high quality tools, fixings and building industry. Modern engineering technology ensures proper and manufacturing of instrumental devices that help in reducing the need of human work and enhances the development of various industrial fields. Build It Tool Show will offer small and large companies to access the market and gain customers for their products and services. The different segment of the industry is highlighted with detailed information and expert views. The event will have a positive effect on the national as well as global economy.
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Empowerment through Technology and Education. At ETTE, it's more than just a name: it's a mantra that drives us to deliver superior, personalized services to every client. ETTE was founded in 2002 with the intention of offering rapid, reliable, and customizable information technology (IT) support services to businesses and organizations in the Washington, DC area. The cornerstone of our philosophy is the belief that we can provide every client with suitable IT solutions at affordable rates. This mission has made ETTE an industry leader, a preferred partner, and a valuable resource for any company in the DC area seeking IT support services. ETTE is also a minority-owned managed service provider (MSP) with a proven track record of successful projects, satisfied clients, and partnerships with trusted vendors in the IT industry. We continue to grow as a company, expand our services, and offer a level of excellence that our clients and the community have come to expect.
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Note: Sample below may appear distorted but all corresponding word document files contain proper formattingExcerpt from Essay:
Many authors have tried to capture, in print, the complex dynamics between men and women, male and female. This can be a very difficult process as it can be impossible to put into words exactly what happens when two people enter into a relationship. There have been fictional stories which capture all the various stages of romance and love that can affect two people. Some stories discuss marriage, others divorce, and some the beginning of a romance. In Susan Minot's short story "Lust," a young female protagonist lists her past liaisons with young men and what she did with those youths. The story was set in the 1960s or 1970s which was a period in American history when females were breaking free from more than two hundred years of oppression by male domination in the nation. During this period, women as a gender were slowly moving away from the gender stereotypes of the societal norm and exploring their sexualities. The narrator of Minot's story serves as a representative of the women of her time period.
Women in the United States have been considered as marginalized, second-class citizens since before the time of the Founding Fathers. While still a colony of Great Britain, the social order of what would become America was established. Men, only white men at that time, were in control. Only they could vote. In most cases only they could own property. When a woman had married, anything that she had acquired in her lifetime, either through the benefits her own endeavors or through inheritance, would come under the jurisdiction of her far more powerful husband.
Following that period were fluctuations between times of limited freedoms and more stringent oppressions because of their gender. The only basis for that marginalization was their gender. In the time after the Second World War, in the late 1940s and throughout the 1950s, women were forced into roles of complete submission. This was the era of the homemaker wherein women were trained to be wives and mothers and could aspire to little more in their lives.
Coinciding with this domestication of women was a cult of silence and oppression. There were things that it was okay to talk about and things which were absolutely not acceptable to discuss, either in public or even within the home. Among topics which were verboten were a woman's dissatisfaction with her place in the world and any feelings of sexuality which she might have had. During this time, sex was for procreation or as a wifely duty to satisfy the husband. Women did not engage in sexual activity for their own satisfaction. Or, if they did then they were the kind of woman nice people also did not talk about. It would be logical that the psychological response to this kind of era would be a completely free and sexually experimental period.
The narrator of Minot's story seems to be a relatively young girl at the beginning of the story. From her language and vocabulary, it can be estimated that she is in her late to mid teens. She experiments with a large amount of males. Far more than a "good girl" would ever even imagine to be interacting with. What is particularly interesting is that in each instance, the narrator engages with men, but always in scenarios wherein the male is the aggressor and she is the dominated one. An example of this is one of the encounters that the narrator has with a man named Tim. She says, "Tim pinned me to a tree" (Minot 4). The girl in this instance is always the sexualized object whereas the man is always the one who demands the physical action from her. Another example is when she says of one lover, "He goes, 'Shush'" (Minot 5). The reference is in regard to a tick of one of her lovers. When she objects to the request, he silences her with the specific word, "shush." This is not only a way of getting her to allow him to do as he wants, but it is a term which is patronizing. He silences her not as a male lover trying to calm a frightened, unnerved young woman, but as a paternal figure who is silencing a belligerent child.
The narrator comments on the patriarchy of her society, although Minot has her do this in a subtle way. She says that parents are never aware of the truth of their children's conduct (Minot 5). The parents in this girl's life are ignorant, but also seemingly ambivalent. What they do know of their daughter's relationships is based upon antiquated ideas of how young men and women should interact with one another. A mother of a child of this period in time would have been a product of that post-Second World War cult of domestication. Just as it would never occur to a mother to engage in sexualized activities in her youth as it would be highly improper, it would never occur to her that her daughter could behave in any way other than her own conduct.
Women in the United States of the late 1950s and 1960s were not only battling the domestic indoctrination of their mothers, but also dealing with the patriarchal basis of the entire society. A character like Minot's narrator would feel the compulsion to satisfy her own innate sexual desires but polite society would never allow her to explore them. She would be compelled to enter the domestic cult of her mothers and to become the non-ambitious wives of one of the nation's perfect male stereotypes. The narrator's mother expects her daughter to marry and then become a mother. The daughter's goals should be the same as the mother's in the ideal world.
All of the males in the narrator's life are trying to get something from her. The society declares that members of the male gender are in positions of power over their female counterparts. Although the men take advantage of her and engage in sexual acts with her, they would still expect her to eventually become that paragon of perfect womanhood that they see in their mothers. These men would never actually deign to marry the narrator. Any girl who would allow a man to convince her to have sex with him would not be the type of woman who you would want to serve as the mother of your children. The more decent type of fellows that the narrator meets are only mentioned in passing when compared to the more aggressive type. She mentions one boy who "dared to put his arm around me, but that was it" (Minot 9). Her desire to obey the norms attracts her to these boys in that she sees security, but her own sexual nature rejects them at the same time.
One of the most difficult social difficulties for women of this period would have been if a young lady had ambitions for her future which went beyond wifedom and motherhood. The narrator says:
I could do some things well. Some things I was good at, like math or painting or even sports, but the second a boy put his arm around me, I forgot about wanting to do anything else, which felt like a relief at first until it became like sinking into a muck (Minot 6).
This narrator feels compelled to some other departments of life, such as the aforementioned math and artistic skills. Yet, her desires for sexual gratification would eclipse her hopes to become something beyond the former generation's females. This is the type of difficulty that would face any woman, no matter her age or the period in which she was living. In a society like the United States where men are the ones in positions of power and the women are socially designated as the weaker sex, the dominant will always try to force the more submissive into a mold of their design.
The women of this country, and in all nations where women are submissive to the patriarchy, they feel compelled to do things because of their society. The narrator says that whenever she would be out and about, young men would often shout out of the window at her. They would ask her out and call her names if she did not agree to a date with these random males. It did not matter if she were particularly interested in the man. The narrator says: "I'd go because I couldn't think of something to say back that wouldn't be obvious, and if you go out with them, you sort of have to do something" (Minot 7). The society and the time period that this young lady lives in demands that she submit to certain methods of behavior. Whether or not she desires to is unimportant. She goes on to say:
I thought the worst thing anyone could call you was a cock-teaser. So, if you flirted, you had to be prepared to go through with it. Sleeping with someone…[continue]
"Lust By Susan Minot" (2011, December 12) Retrieved December 7, 2016, from http://www.paperdue.com/essay/lust-by-susan-minot-115588
"Lust By Susan Minot" 12 December 2011. Web.7 December. 2016. <http://www.paperdue.com/essay/lust-by-susan-minot-115588>
"Lust By Susan Minot", 12 December 2011, Accessed.7 December. 2016, http://www.paperdue.com/essay/lust-by-susan-minot-115588
There was no companionship, friendship or love. The story is a good example of how teenage and young adulthood lust can go awry. Lust masks itself as love in the heat of the moment, but when the moment is gone, there is nothing but emptiness. The girl is tempted by lust all the time and she always gives into it because it tricks her into thinking she will feel good
Othello" by William Shakespeare, "Oedipus the King" translated by Robert Fagles, and Girl by Jamaica Kincaid. These are dense and rich pieces of writing that have stood the test of time. These works continue to influence and offer insight in the modern moment. These plays and this novel are filled with many themes, motifs, symbols, and other literary techniques. The paper will primarily focus upon themes of jealousy and


text:
salt air will do you good
salt air will do you good
I know who I am. And after all these years, there's a victory in that;
Scott McCall; true alpha
and i suppose i should have thanked you more for that;
love is not a victory march
i don't understand how this all happens, how we go through this. i mean, i knew her and then she's—there's just a body. and i don't understand why she can't just get back in it and not be dead anymore. it's stupid. it's mortal and stupid
tonight the foxes hunt the hounds;
two relationships | gale & madge
look at the wonderful mess that we made, we pick ourselves undone;
ounce for ounce,
you are stronger than steel
atom for atom,
you are more precious than diamond;
into the fire we go again;
inherently good or were we broken right from the start?
"Remember yourself as a little girl, she is counting on you to protect her." -Olivia Penpraze
first appearance of allison argent on teen wolf.
I helped save someone's life, that felt really good;
favourite actresses | Adelaide Kane
auditioning is extremely bizarre. just being an actor is extremely bizarre, but I wouldn't have it any other way;
one quote | "Cookies. A pin. I am getting all kinds of gifts today. Madge gives me one more. A kiss on the cheek. Then she's gone and I am left thinking that maybe Madge has been my friend all along."
favourite actresses | Emilia Clarke
"All of the press and stuff - that's the scary stuff. The acting is what I got trained to do."
you're the one, that I love, and i'm saying goodbye;
The banshee (/ˈbænʃiː/ ban-shee); is a female spirit in Irish mythology, usually seen as an omen of death and a messenger from the Otherworld.
In legend, a banshee is a fairy woman who begins to wail if someone is about to die.


text:
For the best experience of this virtual tour, please install Adobe Flash and refresh this page.
Beautiful Family Home in Ashton Lakes
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text:
For Emma
Bon IverBuy this song
So abruptly Saw death on a sunny snow For every life Forgoe the parable Seek the light My knees are cold Running home, running home Running home, running home Go find another lover To bring a, to string along With all your lies You're still very lovable I toured the light so many foreign roads For Emma, forever ago
Written by:
Lyrics © CHRYSALIS MUSIC OBO APRIL BASE PUBLISHING
Lyrics Licensed & Provided by LyricFind
Discuss the For Emma Lyrics with the community:
Use the citation below to add these lyrics to your bibliography:
"For Emma Lyrics." Lyrics.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2016. Web. 3 Dec. 2016. <http://www.lyrics.com/lyric/13416988>.


text:
Just an illusion [sound recording] / Najee.
CD Music recording
Available copies
- 1 of 1 copy available at Evergreen Indiana.
Current holds
0 current holds with 1 total copy.
|Call Number / Copy Notes
|Shelving Location
|Due Date
|Eckhart Public Library - Main
|CD JAZZ Najee Just (Text)
|Music - Main Floor
Record details
- Physical Description: 1 sound disc (65 min.) : digital, stereo. ; 4 3/4 in. + 1 pamphlet.
- Publisher: New York : EMI-USA, p1992.
Content descriptions
|General Note:
| Compact disc.
Jazz ensembles of varying size; some with vocals.
|Formatted Contents Note:
| Touch of heaven -- I adore my amor -- Just an illusion -- Breezy -- All I ever ask -- Noah's ark -- Loveing every moment -- Burn it up -- Skyline -- Deep inside your love -- Here we go -- Until we meet again -- Whenever we're together.
|Participant or Performer Note:
| Najee, saxes, flutes, keyboards, bass ; Fareed, drums, percussion ; Freddie Jackson, Jeffrey Osborne, Will Downing, vocals ; and others.
Search for related items by subject
Jazz vocals.
Saxophone music (Jazz)
Saxophone with jazz ensemble.
Rhythm and blues music.


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text: The Best Vegetables for Lazy Cooks Who Want to Eat HealthyAlan Henry2/17/14 5:30amFiled to: foodcookingnutritionkitchenhouseholdvegetables9411EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink Getting more veggies into your diet is a good idea for everyone. The key is figuring out which ones fit into your lifestyle, and into your method of cooking. Over at Summer Tomato, author and neuroscientist Darya Rose offers up some ideal vegetables for the laziest of home cooks. Advertisement Granted, most veggies don't have to be a hassle at all, but Darya notes that there are some that are just easier to prepare than others, have more preparation options, and can be found fresh at virtually any time of the year. In no particular order, she notes:Tuscan KaleCabbageDelicata squashBaby spinachBell peppersThis isn't an exhaustive list of easy-prep veggies by any stretch of the imagination, so don't think they're the only ones, just some of Darya's favorites, and frankly, she's right about how easy they are to make. If you're riding the kale train, Tuscan kale takes much less time to clean than the curly stuff, and has flatter leaves, which make them easier to cut and cook. Cabbage is sweet, crunchy, and as long as you don't mishandle it, it can add brightness and sweetness to a dish, as opposed to the stinky, sulfury smell you get when you boil it down (so don't do that.) She even offers up a morning cabbage and egg scramble that will get your day off to a healthy start. Advertisement Bell peppers are another universal favorite, both for snacking, salads, stuffing, and more, and they're super-easy to prepare in just about every way you plan to use them. Hit the link below to read more about each of the entries, and how you can incorporate them into your healthy eating plans.5 Ideal Vegetables for Lazy Cooks | Summer TomatoGear from Kinja DealsYour Pick For Best External Hard Drive: Western Digital My Passport UltraYour Top Five Picks For Best VacuumBuy a $25 Fandango Gift Card, Get $5 to Spend at Best BuyReply94 repliesLeave a reply


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Donald Trump aggressively attacked his accusers on Friday, calling them liars and suggesting they aren't attractive enough to get his attention.
"Believe me, she would not be my first choice, that I would tell you," Trump said of a woman who accused him of groping her on an airplane.
Trump also said his accusers are "doing it for probably a little fame" and called their claims "invented" and "fiction."


text:
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United States District Court, Ninth Circuit
September 24, 2013
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff,v.JAMES O. MOLEN, ET AL., Defendants.
MORRISON C. ENGLAND, Jr., District Judge.
YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED the Bench trial is vacated and continued to August 4, 2014, at 9:00 a.m. in Courtroom 7. The parties shall file trial briefs not later than May 29, 2014. Counsel are directed to Local Rule 285 regarding the content of trial briefs.
Accordingly, the December 5, 2013 Final Pretrial Conference is vacated and continued to June 12, 2014, at 2:00 p.m. in Courtroom 7. The Joint Final Pretrial Statement is due not later than May 22, 2014 and shall comply with the procedures outlined in the Court's Pretrial Scheduling Order. The personal appearances of the trial attorneys or person(s) in pro se is mandatory for the Final Pretrial Conference. Telephonic appearances for this hearing are not permitted.
Any evidentiary or procedural motions are to be filed by May 22, 2014. Oppositions must be filed by May 29, 2014 and any reply must be filed by June 5, 2014. The motions will be heard by the Court at the same time as the Final Pretrial Conference.
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Min comment interval:
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#76 - narr
Reply -2 123456789123345869(12/30/2012) [-]
I know I've seen it before or something similar but it made me almost throw up rereading it. I thank you for that.... Dick.
#82 - cmonkey
Reply -3 123456789123345869(12/30/2012) [-]
Literally started listening to that song right as i started to read this. Kinda creepy but epic!
#84 - rogueagent
Reply -6 123456789123345869(12/30/2012) [-]


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Maj Leroy Edward Allen
Feb. 20, 1920
Deschutes County
Oregon, USA
Aug. 7, 2009
Jefferson County
Oregon, USA
Leroy Edward Allen passed away on Aug. 7, 2009, at Mountain View Hospital at the age of 89.
Mr. Allen was born on Feb. 20, 1920, in Redmond, to parents Edward and Mildred Green Allen.
He graduated from Redmond High School in 1938 and enlisted in the U.S. Air Force on Dec. 14, 1941.
During World War II, his plane was shot down on his 18th bombing mission over Berlin on March 8, 1944, and he was confined as a prisoner of war in Stalag Luft 1 until the prisoners were freed by Russian troops on May 2, 1945. He was awarded the Purple Heart for bravery under fire. He was honorably discharged on Dec. 7, 1945. He continued his military services in the U.S. Air Force Reserves, retiring as a major in 1972.
Returning to the family ranch near Paulina, Mr. Allen worked as a mechanic in Prineville. On Feb. 8, 1948, he married Lucille Ione Menard at St. Joseph's Catholic Church in Prineville.
The Allens moved to Madras in 1961, where he worked as a letter carrier for the Madras Post Office for 20 years, retiring in 1982.
Mr. Allen was a member of St. Patrick's Catholic Church in Madras, and was a former member of the Knights of Columbus.
He loved his family and enjoyed spending time with them. He also enjoyed being outdoors fishing, hunting, camping, and working with wood.
Survivors include his wife of 60 years, Lucille Ione Allen of Madras; children, Sallie Shepherd of Milwaukie, and Jerry Allen of Tigard; sisters, Millie Ray of Idaho, Stella Cook of Bend, and Marie Wilkerson of Arizona; four grandchildren, Michael Allen of Lafayette, Ore., Heidi Shepherd of Oregon City, Melissa Allen and Jennifer Allen, both of Tigard; and one great-grandson, Tristan Roy Allen of Lafayette. He was preceded in death by a brother and a sister.
Recitation of the rosary was be held at 7 p.m., Wednesday, Aug. 12, 2009 at Bel-Air Chapel. Mass of Christian burial was held at 11 a.m., Thursday, Aug. 13, 2009 at St. Patrick's Catholic Church.
Madras Pioneer August 12, 2009
From the internet:
Leroy was the co-pilot of the 42-30847 MZ N "Pegasus"
My reference shows that there are pictures on pages 103 and 112 of Snetterton Falcons:The 96th Bomb Group in World War II by Robert E. Doherty and Geoffrey D. Ward. This plane failed to return due to German fighters and crashed at Vechta, Germany.
Crew list:
Lt Donald O. Kasch (P) KIA
2Lt Leroy E. Allen (CP) POW
2Lt Eugene F. Schadler (N) KIA
2Lt Roger D. Buhla (B) POW
T/Sgt Joseph R. Gerba (tt) POW
T/Sgt Robert F. Stott (RO) POW
S/Sgt Norman R. Wolcox (Bt) pow
S/Sgt Guy S. West (LW) POW
S/Sgt John P. Lawski (RW) POW
S/Sgt Bales C. Masys (TG) POW
Listed as being in Luft Camp 1 North - Barrack 6 Room along with his bombadier Roger Buhla about halfway down
this page.
Family links:
Edward Allen (1882 - 1967)
Mildred Susanah
Allen (1894 - 1986)
Lucille Ione
Allen (1924 - 2015)
Marie Bessie
Wilkinson (1919 - 2012)
Leroy Edward Allen (1920 - 2009)
Calculated relationship
Mount Jefferson Memorial Park
Jefferson County
Oregon, USA
Plot: Garden of Peace 40-2
GPS (lat/lon):
44.64652, -121.10829
Created by:
Record added: Aug 13, 2009
Find A Grave Memorial# 40633789
Added by:
Carrie and Allen 💕
Added by:
Added by:
Carrie and Allen 💕
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Never to be forgotten. Your service and sacrifice are gratefully remembered. On this Veterans Day, please accept our heartfelt and humble thanks.
Carrie and Allen 💕
Added: Nov. 11, 2014
Carrie and Allen 💕
Added: Apr. 10, 2014
Your distinguished service and sacrifice are gratefully remembered.
Carrie and Allen 💕
Added: Feb. 15, 2014
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United States District Court, S.D. New York
October 18, 2004.
MOHAMMED IDREES, Plaintiff,
BETH ISRAEL HOSPITAL, Defendant.
Mohammed Idrees filed this pro se action in 2003, alleging
that his former employer, Beth Israel Medical Center ("BIMC")
discriminated against him on the basis of his religion, in
violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,
42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq., ("Title VII"). Idrees is a Muslim who was
denied an educational leave of absence in April 1980 and resigned
soon thereafter to attend medical school at the American
University of the Caribbean ("AUC") in Montserrat, British West
Indies. After the medical school failed to meet plaintiff's
expectations, he returned to New York in June 1980, and states that he attempted without success to be rehired at BIMC.*fn1
The staleness of these events is at least partly explained by the
fact that the EEOC only recently issued a right to sue letter
based on Idrees's 1980 complaint to it.
Following the conclusion of discovery, BIMC has moved for
summary judgment. For the reasons below, BIMC's motion for
summary judgment is denied.
The following facts are undisputed or taken in the light most
favorable to the plaintiff, unless otherwise noted.*fn2 In
1972, Mohammed Idrees was hired by Irving Pachtman, a supervisor
in the BIMC pathology department, as a part-time chemistry laboratory technologist in that department, and was made a
full-time employee approximately five months later. During his
employment at BIMC, Idrees served as a delegate for the District
1199 union.
Idrees's problems at BIMC date back to 1972, when two
non-Muslim co-workers, both of whom were junior to Idrees, were
promoted to full-time positions. When Idrees asked why he was not
chosen, Pachtman replied that Muslims do not need jobs as they
are very rich. Soon after, Carol Vorderer replaced Pachtman as
manager of the chemistry laboratory, and together with Claire
Stritmatter and Mattie Crougher, she oversaw Idrees's work.
In June 1978, Idrees received a performance evaluation from
Stritmatter, Crougher, and Vorderer that assessed his overall
performance as excellent. While recommending that Mr. Idrees
"further develop his productivity and ability to work
independently of others," the evaluation deemed him to be "very
capable of communicating effectively with co-workers and
supervisors" and praised him for his interest in new technology
and his imagination in dealing with its implementation.
On April 30, 1979, Idrees requested vacation leave from June 28
through July 6, 1979 to attend an Islamic conference, but
Vorderer denied his request. Idrees consequently filed a
grievance and ultimately received approval for his vacation
shortly before it was scheduled to begin. Upon his return, he
felt that Vorderer was angry with him.
In late June 1979, two Muslim co-workers of Idrees, Abdul Arafat and Ali Zaidi, were fired by Vorderer after Zaidi
allegedly punched Arafat's time card. In his capacity as a union
delegate, Idrees represented Zaidi and requested arbitration.
Although Arafat was ultimately reinstated, Zaidi was not, and
Zaidi called Vorderer to ask why. She replied that she did not
make the decision. Instead, Vorderer reported to Zaidi that James
Stark, BIMC's Director of Personnel, decided not to reinstate
Zaidi because Stark does not like Muslims. Vorderer warned Zaidi
that his friend Idrees would be next.
The next month Idrees was assigned to work mandatory overtime
on July 22, 1979. On July 20, after Idrees explained to Vorderer
that he could not work on July 22, he was informed that there
would be problems for him if he did not show up. Two other BIMC
employees, Marie Lopez and Michael Napolitano, intervened, and
Napolitano threatened to "fix" Idrees. As the argument escalated,
Idrees vomited, went to BIMC's emergency room, and was ultimately
sent home sick by the doctor who saw him. On July 21, Idrees
visited another physician, who diagnosed Idrees with acute
anxiety syndrome, acute gastritis, and vomiting, and advised a
week's rest and close follow-up. Idrees then called in sick at
12:30 a.m. on July 22 and remained out of work through July 27.
As the result of his July 22 absence, on July 30, 1979, BIMC
suspended Idrees without pay for July 23 and 24. Both Idrees and
his union delegate, Ed Johnson, refused to sign the notice, and
the union grieved Idrees's suspension. The grievance was denied.
In September 1979, Vorderer completed another performance evaluation of Idrees. Although Idrees's overall score still fell
within the excellent range, Vorderer commented that Idrees had
demonstrated a "regression in his total work performance" that
was "most evident in his attitude." Idrees refused to sign this
evaluation, and the document does not contain Stritmatter and
Crougher's signatures.
On January 22, 1980, Idrees received a second disciplinary
notice and had his pay suspended for an alleged unauthorized
absence from his work station. Idrees denies leaving his station.
In an attempt to resolve both his earlier suspension and the
January 22 disciplinary action, Idrees requested arbitration. On
March 31, 1980, Idrees asked for personal leave to attend the
arbitration, which was scheduled for April 4. However, Vorderer
denied this request, and a new date for arbitration was never
Idrees also requested a leave of absence on March 31 for
sixteen months from May 12, 1980 through September 18, 1981
to attend medical school at AUC. At the same time, Idrees applied
for a scholarship through the District 1199 Training and
Upgrading Fund (the "Fund") but received no response to his
application. On April 9, 1980, Stark sent Idrees a letter denying
his request on the grounds that "the duration and purpose [of the
requested leave] was determined to be unreasonable under the
policy of the Medical Center and in view of the operational needs
of your department." Idrees alleges that no such policy existed
and that several non-Muslim employees were given educational leaves of absence for longer than sixteen
On April 14, 1980, Stark called Idrees to his office and
presented him with a pre-written agreement. Under this agreement,
Idrees would withdraw his request for a leave of absence and
resign his position at BIMC as of May 9, 1980. In exchange, the
agreement provided that "for purposes of the District 1199
Training and Upgrading Fund only" BIMC would consider Idrees's
term to end upon completion of his vacation on July 4, 1980; that
BIMC would rescind the disciplinary notice relating to Idrees's
failure to report for work on July 22, 1979, pay him for the days
he was suspended, and charge them to accumulated sick leave; and
that BIMC would issue Idrees a "favorable work reference." Idrees
states that had he not signed this agreement, Stark would have
fired him. Idrees, Stark, and Thomas Winter, a union
representative, then signed the agreement.
On April 15, Idrees told Stark that given AUC's foreign
location, he did not want to "take a chance" and risk losing his
position. Therefore, Idrees told Stark that his resignation would
be effective July 4, 1980. Stark orally agreed. Later that day,
Idrees presented Stark with a letter resigning as of July 4 and
explaining that because he would be using his vacation time from May 12 through July 4, his last day in the hospital
would be May 9. One day later, per their agreement, Stark wrote a
recommendation letter on Idrees's behalf that refers to Idrees as
a "skilled worker who combined all the qualities necessary to
make him an excellent technologist."
May 9, 1980 was Idrees's final day of work at BIMC, and the
next day, he flew to Montserrat to begin his education at AUC.
Within a week of his departure, Vorderer completed a final rating
form regarding Idrees's tenure at the hospital. While noting that
Idrees was "knowledgeable in chemistry" and produced good work,
Vorderer stated that she would not rehire Idrees in the pathology
department or elsewhere at BIMC "due to [a] regression in total
performance" and commented that he was "uncooperative with
supervisory staff."
Idrees found AUC's program unsatisfactory and returned to New
York on June 15. The next day, Idrees called Stark's office to
ask for his job back. Stark did not come to the phone, and his
secretary told Idrees that Stark said that there was no job for
him. Idrees then called Jesse Olson, then-Executive Vice
President of the District 1199 union, and requested that Olson
call Stark on Idrees's behalf. Olson did so, but his efforts to
help Idrees regain his job were equally unsuccessful. Olson
recommended to Idrees that he write Stark a letter, which Idrees
asserts he did on June 17. However, Idrees never regained his
employment at BIMC.
After Idrees failed to win his job back, Pervez Mirza, a friend and co-worker, asked Stritmatter why Vorderer and Stark
refused to rehire Idrees. Stritmatter told Mirza that she had
posed this same question to Vorderer and that Vorderer had
replied that Stark hates Muslims. Stritmatter further reported to
Mirza that Vorderer had said that Stark's prejudice against
Muslims was the reason Idrees was both denied his requested leave
of absence and not rehired. Upon hearing this, Mirza announced to
Stritmatter that such treatment was unfair. Stritmatter noted
that Mirza himself, and two other Muslims, Ali Zaidi and Abdul
Arafat, had each received similar treatment and remarked that
"[t]his is how Beth Israel is."
On August 14, 1980, Idrees filed a complaint with the EEOC
alleging that BIMC discriminated against him on the basis of his
religion in failing to reinstate him. Idrees also filed a lawsuit
against AUC in this District in November 1980 for
misrepresentations made to prospective students, and sought
damages for lost wages given his inability to return to BIMC. The
Court awarded Idrees $3,940 for his transportation, tuition, and
related fees, but denied his employment-related claim, writing
that there were "independent intervening causes as to why Idrees
was denied reinstatement." Specifically, the Court found that
BIMC had presented evidence that it did "not consider Idrees to
be a satisfactory employee and at one point had instituted a
disciplinary proceeding against him." Idrees v. Am. Univ. of the
Caribbean, 546 F. Supp. 1342, 1350 (S.D.N.Y. 1982).
Although Idrees's lawsuit against AUC was concluded by 1982, his EEOC complaint took much longer to resolve. Initially, the
EEOC referred it to the New York City Commission on Human Rights
("NYCCHR"), which issued a Determination and Order dismissing
Idrees's complaint on April 30, 1982. Idrees appealed the
decision on June 1, 1982, and on June 15, 1982, NYCCHR remanded
the case for further investigation.
Idrees asserts that he called the NYCCHR numerous times over
the next two decades to inquire about the status of his claim. In
addition, he wrote five letters to the NYCCHR requesting
resolution of his case, three of which were sent between 1984 and
1988. He wrote his fourth letter in May 1989 after meeting with
Craig Gurian, Legal Director of the NYCCHR's Law Enforcement
Bureau, to discuss his claim. Idrees had no further written
contact with the NYCCHR until June 1993, when he received a
letter from the NYCCHR inquiring whether he wanted to continue
pursuing his claim. He replied in the affirmative. The fifth and
final letter, sent over eight years later in December 2001, was
sent by Idrees's attorney, Michael Andrews, and requested
information on the status of the investigation.*fn4
In March 2002, the NYCCHR issued a Determination and Order
After Remand dismissing Idrees's complaint and finding that BIMC did not discriminate against Idrees either in denying him a leave
of absence or in failing to rehire him. On the basis of testimony
from Jesse Olson, the NYCCHR found that the District 1199 Fund
did not provide scholarships to those attending foreign,
unaccredited medical schools. It further found that BIMC granted
educational leaves only to employees whose educational programs
were covered by the Fund. Similarly, after hearing testimony from
Stark and Olson, evaluating the circumstances surrounding the
rehiring of several non-Muslim employees, and assessing
disciplinary actions taken against both Muslims and non-Muslim
employees, the NYCCHR concluded that BIMC failed to rehire Idrees
not because of discrimination but instead because BIMC
management, particularly Stark, regarded him as "difficult,
disruptive and confrontational."
The EEOC adopted the NYCCHR's findings and issued Idrees a
right to sue letter on October 28, 2002. Idrees then filed this
action on January 22, 2003 and amended his complaint on October
28, 2003.*fn5
Summary judgment may not be granted unless the submissions of
the parties taken together "show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is
entitled to a judgment as a matter of law." Rule 56(c),
Fed.R.Civ. P. The moving party bears the burden of demonstrating the
absence of a material factual question, and in making this
determination the court must view all facts in the light most
favorable to the non-moving party. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby,
Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247 (1986); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett,
477 U.S. 317, 323 (1986). When the moving party has asserted facts
showing that the non-movant's claims cannot be sustained, the
opposing party must "set forth specific facts showing that there
is a genuine issue for trial," and cannot rest on the "mere
allegations or denials" of the movant's pleadings. Rule 56(e),
Fed.R. Civ. P.; accord Burt Rigid Box, Inc. v. Travelers
Property Cas. Corp., 302 F.3d 83, 91 (2d Cir. 2002).
Claims of employment discrimination brought pursuant to Title
VII are analyzed under the burden-shifting approach set forth in
McDonnell-Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802-03 (1973).
A plaintiff bears the initial burden of establishing a prima
facie case of discrimination. Williams v. R.H. Donnelly Corp.,
368 F.3d 123, 126 (2d Cir. 2004). "To meet this burden, a
plaintiff must show: (i) membership in a protected class; (ii)
qualifications for the position; (iii) an adverse employment
action; and (iv) circumstances surrounding that action giving
rise to an inference of discrimination." Collins v. New York
City Transit Auth., 305 F.3d 113, 118 (2d Cir. 2002). A
plaintiff's burden in presenting prima facie evidence is de minimis. Abdu-Brisson v. Delta Airlines, Inc., 239 F.3d 456,
467 (2d Cir. 2001).
If the plaintiff establishes a prima facie case, he "creates a
presumption that the employer unlawfully discriminated, and thus
places the burden of production on the employer to proffer a
nondiscriminatory reason for its action." James v. New York
Racing Ass'n, 233 F.3d 149, 154 (2d Cir. 2000) (citation
omitted); Mandell v. County of Suffolk, 316 F.3d 368, 380 (2d
Cir. 2003). Once the employer articulates a nondiscriminatory
explanation, the burden shifts back to the employee to prove, by
a preponderance of the evidence, that the adverse employment
decision was discriminatory. Mandell, 316 F.3d at 381. A
plaintiff's demonstration that the employer's proffered reason is
pretextual may provide evidence of discrimination. Id.
The plaintiff bears the ultimate burden of persuading the trier
of fact that his employer intentionally discriminated against
him. James, 233 F.3d at 154; see also Reeves v. Sanderson
Plumbing Prod., 530 U.S. 133, 153 (2000). "Thus, once the
employer has proffered its nondiscriminatory reason, the employer
will be entitled to summary judgment . . . unless the plaintiff
can point to evidence that reasonably supports a finding of
prohibited discrimination." James, 233 F.3d at 154.
to defeat summary judgment within the McDonnell
Douglas framework . . . the plaintiff is not
required to show that the employer's proffered
reasons were false or played no role in the
employment decision, but only that they were not the
only reasons and that the prohibited factor was at least one of the
"motivating" factors.
Conclusory statements and general attacks on the defendant's
credibility are insufficient to defeat a motion for summary
judgment. Opals on Ice Lingerie v. Body Lines, 320 F.3d 362,
370 n. 3 (2d Cir. 2003); Crawford El v. Britton, 523 U.S. 574,
600 (1998). Rather, the plaintiff must identify affirmative
evidence upon which a fact-finder could rely in concluding that
he carried his burden of proving defendant's illicit motive.
See, e.g., Crawford, 523 U.S. at 600.
1. Denial of Leave of Absence Claim
Viewing the facts in the light most favorable to Idrees, he has
met his de minimis burden of establishing a prima facie case.
As a Muslim who was denied an educational leave of absence, he
satisfies the first three elements. Plaintiff's affidavit, as
well as those of Pervez Mirza and Ali Zaidi, suffice to permit an
inference of discrimination against Muslims by BIMC.
BIMC does not contest that Idrees has established a prima facie
case regarding his denial of leave of absence claim. Instead, it
has advanced a legitimate, non-discriminatory reason for denying
Idrees's request for leave. First, citing Stark's April 9, 1980
letter, BIMC asserts that the sixteen-month leave requested by
Idrees was unreasonable in its duration. More importantly, BIMC states that the Fund only gave scholarships to
employees attending accredited American medical schools and that
BIMC's policy was to grant study leaves only to employees
supported by the Fund. In support of this assertion, BIMC offers
documentary evidence of the Fund's policy as well as the NYCCHR's
final conclusion that "BIMC does not grant educational leave to
employees attending educational programs other than those paid
for by the Fund."*fn6
Although Idrees fails to demonstrate that BIMC did not maintain
its stated policy on leave and has not marshaled evidence that
educational leaves were granted to employees not supported by the
Fund, he has presented two letters from chemistry laboratory
staff suggesting that Vorderer exhibited outward prejudice toward
Muslims. Idrees also has submitted the affidavits of Pervez Mirza
and Ali Zaidi, which detail these affiants' respective
conversations with Stritmatter and Vorderer regarding Stark's
anti-Muslim bias. Rather than constituting inadmissible double
and triple hearsay, as BIMC contends, these conversations contain
layers of admissions by BIMC's agents regarding matters within
the scope of their duties. See Fed.R. Evid. 801(d)(2)(D), 805;
Stern v. Trustees of Columbia Univ., 131 F.3d 305 (2d Cir.
1997). Therefore, Idrees has raised questions of material fact as to whether the denial was motivated by
unlawful consideration of his religion.
2. Failure to Rehire Claim
Given that Idrees's failure to rehire claim is brought under
Title VII, it too must be analyzed under the McDonnell Douglas
framework set forth above. Here, as with the prior claim, Idrees
has established a prima facie case.
BIMC argues that as Stark was involved in the decisions both to
hire and not rehire Idrees, no inference of discrimination can be
drawn against it. See Grady v. Affiliated Cent., Inc.,
130 F.3d 553, 560 (2d Cir. 1997). Given the eight-year period between
Idrees's hiring and his resignation and the involvement of other
BIMC supervisors in the decision not to rehire him, Stark's dual
roles in hiring Idrees and refusing to rehire him do not preclude
a finding that Idrees has presented prima facie evidence of
BIMC has put forward two legitimate, non-discriminatory reasons
for its failure to rehire Idrees. First, it argues that Idrees
never applied for rehire and presents a 1981 letter from Stark to
the NYCCHR, in which Stark states that Idrees "never applied for
reinstatement" at BIMC and "did not speak to me on June 16, 1980
or any other date regarding a request for reinstatement."
Alternatively, BIMC asserts that even if Idrees did apply for
rehire, BIMC would not have rehired him due to his declining
performance and attitude. The evidence demonstrates that both in September 1979 and at the time of her final
evaluation of Idrees in May 1980, Vorderer felt that Idrees had
shown a "regression in total work performance" and had become
"uncooperative with supervisory staff."
Through his affidavit, Olson's affidavit, and his June 17, 1980
letter to Stark, Idrees has presented a genuine issue of material
fact as to whether he applied for rehire. Moreover, Idrees again
cites the letters from chemistry laboratory staff, coupled with
Zaidi and Mirza's affidavits, as evidence of Vorderer and Stark's
bias against Muslims. Together, these exhibits could permit a
rational factfinder to infer that in refusing to rehire Idrees,
BIMC was actually motivated in part or in whole by religious
For the reasons stated above, the defendant's motion for
summary judgment is denied.
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Why does the forecast date match the close date on Opportunity?
|Knowledge Article Number
|As per Standard Functionality the Forecast Date should match the Fiscal period that meets the Close Date range.
|In an instance that an Opportunity has the Forecast date same as the close date you need to do the following steps:
1. Go to Forecasting tab | Opportunities sub tab
2. Look for the Opportunity that has the same Forecast Date and Close Date and click on Edit
3. On the next page just click on save without changing anything
4. Go back to the Customizable Forecasting Reports: Opportunity Forecasts report and run the report.
You will now see that the Forecast Date now matches the fiscal period that meets the Close Date range.
See Also:
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by Barbara Collishaw
When I looked into the history of Saint Valentine's Day and some of its customs, I found that some things are certain and others mysterious. It is not clear which saint named Valentine is honoured on this day, for as many as seven Christian saints have shared that name. Some historians think the festival may have originated as a replacement for the Roman feast of Lupercalia, celebrated each year on February 15. The feast took place at the cave called Lupercal, where legend said the twin founders of Rome—Romulus and Remus—were sheltered and suckled in their infancy by a she-wolf.
Lupercalia may have honoured Lupercus, the god who watched over shepherds, goatherds, and their flocks, but some believe lupus, the wolf, may be the source of the feast's name. During Lupercalia, the youths of the city sacrificed goats, then feasted on the meat and adorned themselves with pieces of the goatskins. After a rowdy dinner with much wine, they would run nearly naked through the streets, striking everyone they met with the goatskins, especially young married women, who viewed this as an aid to fertility. The strips of goatskin were called februa, which also means "cleaners." So it appears that February, being the final month of the Roman year, was clean-up time.
The feast of Lupercalia marked the first day of spring and of the new year. On that occasion, the young men drew the names of young women and so were matched as couples for the year. Sometimes they married; sometimes they did not.
In the late 5th century, Pope Gelasius banned the celebration of Lupercalia and chose February 14 as the feast day of Saint Valentine. The young people still drew names—not each other's but a saint's name—and were encouraged to model their lives on that of the saint during the coming year.
In medieval times, the custom of drawing lots swung back from saints to romantic mates. Each young man would wear his partner's name on his breast or sleeve to indicate his devotion, and thus began the saying "wear your heart on your sleeve," which means to make your love public.
In Britain, Chaucer, Shakespeare and many other poets referred to the popular belief that on February 14 the birds chose their mates and began their spring nesting season. It should be said that winter in Britain and continental Europe is mercifully shorter and milder than in most of Canada!
The young women of medieval times tried to divine who their mate would be by watching the birds on February 14; if a girl saw a robin, she would marry a sailor; if it was a goldfinch, she would find a rich husband; and if the first bird seen was a sparrow, she would marry a poor man but live "happily ever after."
Valentine's Day customs became particularly elaborate during Victorian times; fancy cards decorated with pictures and lace were handmade or bought and given to current or potential sweethearts. Heart-shaped boxes of chocolates first appeared in the 1880s. Flowers were often exchanged as love tokens, and each colour and variety had a particular meaning.
For decades now, Valentine's Day has been popular with children, greeting card and candy manufacturers, and romantics of all kinds. But a day so overflowing with sweetness often provokes a sour response from the more cynical among us. "Roses are red, violets are blue, you look like a goat, and smell like one too" is one of those nasty rhymes that have been around for many years. Personally, I prefer the silly puns on the children's cards: "Bee mine, Honey?" or "You'd be a purr-fect Valentine" with their literal-minded illustrations.
Whether you celebrate Saint Valentine's Day romantically or rail cynically against it, the folklore surrounding February 14 is here to stay. Your response may be sweet this year and sour the next, depending on what the Fates have in store for you—and your sweetheart.


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dentaldove Review
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Easy to put together, fast delivery (box was a little damaged but everything was accounted for and it is a heavy box), holds our king mattress well. We've had it for about one month now and it seems to be doing well.
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Symbolic of the flesh, 1 Cor. 6:13
Related Dreams
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Stomach1. Something is difficult to take. 2. Something is easy to take.
StomachIf you dream of your stomach be cautious of trading confidences, and doubly so if you dream you are sick to your stomach. A distended stomach is an indication of unhealthy eating habits and impending illness. If you dream of a flat stomach, it's your subconscious telling you to get…
StomachThis symbolises a person's assets and his sons. To see one' stomach smaller than its normal size suggest that his wealth will increase.
The Stomach, Intestines and Other OrgansThe stomach, intestines etc. symbolise a person's hidden wealth which he had accumulated over the years.


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Note: Sample below may appear distorted but all corresponding word document files contain proper formattingExcerpt from dissertation:
Scandinavian Architecture: The Evolution of Vernacular
All types of art are normally influenced by both the social and the political factors within a geographical region. These social aspects are reflected in the designs of the time and most of the inspiration that the designers get is from history. In Scandinavia, it is easy to define the style as straightforward. The logic behind the simplicity of this was due to the limited resources which emphasized saving and proper utilization (Pile, 335). It is also democratic in the manner that its main intention was to please, the masses. Architects in Scandinavia share an inherent bond with nature and the natural landscape. When studying the geographical locations of these nodes and, therefore, cross referencing their localities to similar cultural conditions a trend is found. It is the intention of this research to research just how the natural landscape is invited into the manmade structures that in most cases humbly penetrate the earth. Starting with early modernist-Scandinavian architects such as Eliel Saarnen and ending with contemporary projects such as BIG's mountain dwellings in Copenhagen, this survey will zoom into what exactly makes up the components of Scandinavian design.
From the old methods of creating art, Scandinavia came into the limelight with a new style. This is modernism. This new culture had the ability to represent the world in an idiosyncratic manner. It was the urbanization and urbanization that brought these changes by creating a chance where both had to be implemented. However, it is the difference in the social life of the different countries within this region that brought the uniqueness of each design. The similarity in the designs was a result of the features of functionality and tradition. This is the reason why after some time this came to become a style that not only was a representation of individual countries but was now a depiction of the whole geographical region (Pile, 335).
It was the traditions that were the unifying factor of the before the 19th century. The practicing of this norm was especially in Norway. It was not until some festivals in 1897 that there was awareness of the Nordic arts movement. Most of success in both festivals was from Sweden. Most of their items that drew favor from the audience were on the basis of changing images of biological organisms into three dimensional vases. The Art Nouveau had the capability to make this art into a unifying factor, but the challenge was in its expensive nature. There are many reasons as to the high demand for this art. The one that stood out most was the weariness with which people had now come to treat the historicism. This dissatisfaction was the reason why most felt that it was necessary for invention of a new style. It was especially Sweden which was behind this ideology which they indicated through their natural but beautiful art. Basically, this movement was an improvement of aesthetical value but had little to do with any technology.
However, there was little penetration of this art to other regions by then. This was later changed by the technological advancements which made the art famous especially through the films. Eliel Saarinen from Finland was the man who changed this situation. He landed in America in 1923 and was behind the major infusion of this art into the international frontier. Less than a decade after his arrival, he was already the director of Cranbrook Academy of Art. His designs by then were majorly complex buildings. Nevertheless, he also designed some furnishings that to most of the Americans were phenomenal. These designs were later to be a help to some students of art in that country. This school was the key factor that helped in the spread of this culture to the international levels. This school was later became the epicenter of all the Scandinavian art in the country. The timing was perfect as it was during the period between the wars which acted as a boost for the school. The growth contributed to some professional architects arising from the school which included his son, Eero Saarinen.
Eric Asplund was another designer who expanded the approach to other countries through his work. It was in 1915 when he was able to get the chance to expand the South Stockholm cemetery. His first design was based on the romanticism. This design was a direct inspiration from a building that he had observed in Denmark. He had visited the building during his honeymoon to this country. This chapel is in the midst of a forest, and it is the shape of a pyramid. The early designs are not clear due to their extreme sketchy manner. However, they still capture the strong base of the building. This is an indication of the intention of Asplund although he later changed the volume of the chapel later.
Alvar Aalto
However, it was Alvar Aalto who brought the most significance to this culture. It was in Finland where he had been able to create more than 200 buildings. This was a considerable boost to his reputation of becoming a prominent architect. In most of his buildings, he had the design in his hand during the process of designing. An example is one of his best designs up-to-date which is the City Library. Aalto, just like the other famous pioneers were all students of the classical education. Thus, he began with the characteristics of Nordic Classism (Goodnow & Haci, 248). This style was the basis for most of his buildings in the early years. This was before his shift towards modernism. Aalto was also spread the ideology through writings which he had come to be famous for in the early days. His change in approach came with an immediate impact on the design of his buildings. An early example was in Viipuri library. However, the humanistic approach was also evident in this work. This was through the soft lights and warm colors that were in the interiors.
His acceptance in the international frontier came as a result of his work after the library. His experiments with wood in the future came with a shift from modernism. His first building with this new approach was the Villa Mairea. This building was intended to be luxurious, but the designer ended up introducing other aspects. These included stylistic influences from many other cultures including modernism. Another of his buildings with this approach was the Saynatsalo town hall. This building is intimate with a strange design. Alto utilized his obsession of wood in this building and by adding bricks and copper. Romanticism is derivable from this building (Bandle et al., 1455). This is a clear indication of the perception that Alto had on his designs. His use of wood in his work is also enhanced in the Aalto summer house.
Modernist Architecture in Scandinavia Since Aalto
However, a lot has change in the recent past in accordance to the design. This is because of the need for the change from furniture to applications. This is because of the need for solutions of the current problems and also need to utilize the available opportunities. The Scandinavian countries did a lot in the maintenance of their designs. This was through the introduction of institutions in which this was taught even after these famous artists were long gone. However, there still an influence of this culture even in the present. This is why it is no surprise that some of the buildings still represent in the Nordic regions display some of the best arts in their buildings (Goodnow & Haci, 248). However, there have been changes in that after Aalto there has been mass production. An example of this is the Mountain dwellings. These were developed by Bjarke Ingels Group. These have been able to…[continue]
"Scandinavian Architecture The Evolution Of Vernacular" (2012, April 27) Retrieved December 7, 2016, from http://www.paperdue.com/essay/scandinavian-architecture-the-evolution-56914
"Scandinavian Architecture The Evolution Of Vernacular" 27 April 2012. Web.7 December. 2016. <http://www.paperdue.com/essay/scandinavian-architecture-the-evolution-56914>
"Scandinavian Architecture The Evolution Of Vernacular", 27 April 2012, Accessed.7 December. 2016, http://www.paperdue.com/essay/scandinavian-architecture-the-evolution-56914


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Configuring security
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Configuring security for the IBM® Lotus® Quickr™ involves configuring user authentication, configuring user access to the server, as well as performing other miscellaneous security configuration tasks.
Configuring security for the IBM® Lotus® Quickr™ involves configuring user authentication, configuring user access to the server, as well as performing other miscellaneous security configuration tasks.
Configuring user authentication: qd85
By default, the server uses basic name-and-password authentication to authenticate place members that connect through Web browsers or Lotus Quickr connectors. If you configure the server to connect to a user directory, there are additional methods available for authentication of external members, with the methods available dependent on whether IBM Lotus Quickr or IBM Lotus Domino controls directory services.
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United States District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania
May 13, 2015
KRISTA C. BRENNAN, Plaintiff,v.PHILLIP J. CANNELLA, III, et al., Defendants.
Before the Court are Defendants' Motion for Summary Judgment (Doc. No. 19), Plaintiff's Response in Opposition thereto (Doc. No. 21), and Defendants' Reply in Further Support thereof (Doc. No. 22). For the reasons given below, the Motion is GRANTED IN PART and DENIED IN PART. An Order follows.
This matter is the second suit arising from a dispute between Ms. Brennan and the Defendants. In the other matter, previously before this Court, the instant-defendants filed suit against Ms. Brennan alleging that she "intentionally posted false, misleading, deceptive and harmful information" about the Defendants on her websites - TruthaboutCannella.com and TruthaboutCannella.net. See Second Amended Complaint, Case No. 12-cv-1247, Doc. No. 156. The Parties recently agreed to dismiss that suit. Case No. 12-cv-1247, Doc. No. 201.
In this matter, Ms. Brennan alleges that the Defendants utilized a variety of unlawful methods to take her sites offline and access her personal accounts. See Amended Complaint, Doc. No. 8. More specifically, Plaintiff alleges that Cannella and his associates (1) mounted denial-of-services attacks in an effort to disable the sites; (2) requested that the website host delete Plaintiff's data from its servers; (3) unlawfully accessed several of her web hosting and email accounts, and (4) used this access to disable her websites, steal her private information, and impersonate her. Id. at ¶¶ 14-32. She has brought claims against the Defendants for invasion of privacy and identity theft, negligence per se under a variety of statutes, and for civil conspiracy. Id. at ¶¶ 33-69.
In the instant Motion, Defendants move for summary judgment on all of these claims.
Summary judgment is appropriate "if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a). In making this determination, "inferences to be drawn from the underlying facts ... must be viewed in the light most favorable to the party opposing the motion." Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587 (1986) (alteration in original; quotation marks omitted). "There is no issue for trial unless there is sufficient evidence favoring the nonmoving party for a jury to return a verdict for that party." Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 249 (1986). The party opposing summary judgment "may not rest upon the mere allegations or denials of the ... pleading; its response, by affidavits or as otherwise provided in this rule, must set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial." Saldana v. Kmart Corp., 260 F.3d 228, 232 (3d Cir. 2001) (alteration in original; quotation marks omitted).
III. Discussion
A. Negligence Per Se Claims
Plaintiff's Complaint presents three claims premised on a negligence per se theory of liability. She alleges that the Defendants violated three Pennsylvania criminal statutes, all related to the unlawful use of computers. See Doc. No. 8 at ¶¶ 45-63. These statutes do not create private causes of action, so Plaintiff has attempted to use negligence per se to create them. This is an improper use of the doctrine and the claims must be dismissed.
The doctrine of negligence per se is not a standalone tort, but rather an evidentiary presumption applicable under certain circumstances in negligence actions. Put simply, the doctrine "establishes, by reference to a statutory scheme, the standard of care appropriate to the underlying tort." In re Orthopedic Bone Screw Products Liab. Litig., 193 F.3d 781, 790 (3d Cir. 1999). Thus it "enables plaintiffs to establish as a matter of law that the defendant's conduct constituted a breach of duty in a negligence action, so that only causation and damages need be proved." Id. The doctrine cannot be used to simply create a private cause of action in any statute that does not provide for one. See id. at 791 ("[Plaintiffs'] interpretation of per se liability would allow private plaintiffs to recover for violations of a federal statute that creates no private cause of action .... We do not believe the concept of per se liability supports such a result.").
This is not a negligence action - Plaintiff is claiming that the Defendants intentionally attacked her websites and personal accounts. Thus the doctrine of negligence per se is not applicable to the facts alleged, and it cannot be used to create private causes of action where none exist. As a result, Claims III, IV, and V are dismissed.[1]
B. Remaining Claims
Plaintiff's Complaint brings 4 other claims: (1) common law invasion of privacy; (2) unlawful access to stored communications under 18 U.S.C. § 2701; (3) identity theft under 18 Pa. Stat. § 4120; and (4) civil conspiracy. Apart from the conspiracy claim, the claims all stem from Plaintiff's allegation that the Defendants unlawfully accessed her online accounts. See Doc. No. 8 at ¶¶ 24-26, 28-29, 34-38, 40-44, 65-67.
Defendants do not address these claims individually, but instead argue only that they "suffer from a fatal flaw" in that "Brennan has failed to come up with any evidence whatsoever that it was the Defendants who engaged in any of the wrongful conduct." Doc. No. 19 at 10 (emphasis in original). In other words, the Defendants concede that Brennan has presented evidence showing that certain detrimental conduct occurred, but argue only that she has "utterly fail[ed] to establish, with real, admissible evidence ... that it was the Defendants who were involved in this conduct." Id. at 14 (emphasis omitted). As a result, Defendants argue, these claims cannot proceed to trial. We disagree - Ms. Brennan has produced evidence tending to show that the defendants conducted cyber-attacks on her websites, had the means to attack her personal accounts, and had the motivation to do so. This evidence is sufficient to warrant submission to a jury.
Brennan has produced evidence tending to show that the defendants engaged in illegal attacks on her two "Truth about Cannella" websites. The primary source of this evidence is the Deposition of Stephen M. Fine. See Doc. No. 21-1. Mr. Fine is the brother of defendant Small and worked for defendant First Senior Financial Group ("FSFG") from July 2011 to May 2012. Fine Dep. 129:20-130:2. He testified that while working for FSFG he conducted two "denial-of-service attacks"[2] on the Truth about Cannella website. Fine Dep. 56:21. He states that Cannella "supported and paid for the equipment and the time necessary to conduct the attacks." Id. at 56:18-21. Cannella apparently knew that the attacks were not legal, and also made sure to use computers that could not be traced back to him or FSFG. Id. at 58:15-59:11. Another former FSFG employee corroborates Mr. Fine's story, stating that on multiple occasions he "heard Mr. Cannella state that FSFG personnel were attempting to disable one or both of the [Truth about Cannella] web sites using technical means outside of the judicial process." Declaration of Robert P. Burns, Doc. No. 21-21, at ¶ 8.
Additionally, Brennan has produced evidence tending to show that the defendants utilized unlawful means in attempts to determine her identity. Mr. Fine testified that in addition to the denial-of-service attacks, he and other FSFG personnel attempted several times to "get behind" the site's firewall to "find out who was behind it." Fine Dep. 60:11-14. At another point, Defendant Cannella encouraged an FSFG employee to use his friendship with a Comcast employee to unlawfully obtain information about a Comcast user they believed to be behind the site. Id. at 60:14-64:13. Cannella apparently did this with full knowledge of the illegality of these actions. Id. at 64:5-13.
Mr. Fine stated that the motivation behind these actions was Cannella's belief "that the site was impeding his ability to make money and ... killing his reputation." Id. at 59:17-22. As result, Cannella "wanted it down at any and all costs." Id. at 59:24-60:1. Fine also testified that "in my time with [Cannella], taking that site and removing that site, finding out who was behind the site was the driving force of every second - if he wasn't trying to make money, he was trying to get that site down and willing to pay whatever it costs to do it." Id. at 60:2-7. Mr. Cannella's own actions lend credence to this testimony. At one point after the website had been disabled, Canella sent text messages to former associates appearing to gloat about the site's disappearance. See Doc. No. 21-4 at 13-17 of 17.
Fine's testimony also provides evidence tending to show that the Defendants had the capability to conduct the attacks that underlie Plaintiff's claims. While at FSFG, Fine claimed to not have the capability to hack or impersonate email accounts. Fine Dep. 66:20-67:3. However, he believed that after he left the Defendants gained the capability to conduct these types of attacks. Id. at 68:1-20. Specifically, Mr. Fine indicated that Mr. Daniel Barram (apparently the current COO of FSFG, see https:// www.linkedin.com/pub/daniel- barram/22/307/7bb) was hired because of his ability to conduct more sophisticated cyber-attacks, which Fine believed included the ability to penetrate private online accounts. See Fine Dep. at 68:22-70:6.
While these facts do not conclusively show that the Defendants were behind the attacks on Ms. Brennan's online accounts, that is not the standard by which we decide summary judgment. Rather, we must look at the facts in a manner most favorable to Brennan and deny summary judgment where there exists "sufficient evidence favoring the nonmoving party for a jury to return a verdict for that party." Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. at 249. Here, Brennan has produced evidence tending to show that the defendants conducted cyber-attacks against her in the past, had the motivation to attack her online accounts, and had the means to do so. This is sufficient evidence to warrant submission to a jury.
IV. Conclusion
Plaintiff's negligence per se claims III, IV, and V are not legally cognizable and therefore must be dismissed. Her remaining claims may proceed to trial.
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