text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 29, 2000
|Filing date
|Oct 30, 1998
|Priority date
|Dec 23, 1997
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Ting-Lan Ji, Ismayil Guracar
|Original Assignee
|Acuson Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (7), Classifications (6), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/996,569, filed Dec. 23, 1997 and now U.S. Pat. No. 5,882,315. The entire disclosure of this prior-filed related application is hereby incorporated by reference.
This invention relates to improved methods and images for displaying Doppler tissue information in an ultrasonic imaging system.
Arenson et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,285,788 discloses a Doppler tissue imaging method that forms an ultrasonic image of moving tissue. Stationary tissue is suppressed in the image since the Doppler signal is sensitive only to moving targets. In Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) standard clutter filters that block ultrasonic signals associated with low speed targets are made less restrictive, and the DTI image includes image information for slowly moving tissues such as the heart wall. Doppler tissue imaging can be performed using tissue velocity, energy or acceleration to form a two-dimensional image that is spatially coordinated with and superimposed on a conventional B-mode image. The B-mode image displays a tomographic image of both moving and stationary tissue, and the combination of DTI and B-mode images allows the selected Doppler tissue information to be displayed simultaneously with and superimposed on the tomographic B-mode image.
Doppler tissue imaging has an important role in a number of cardiology imaging areas such as endocardial border detection, myocardial wall motion investigations, regional wall motion investigations, and myocardial perfusion investigations. In many applications, high quality Doppler tissue imaging depends greatly on the temporal and spatial resolution of the combined image.
In conventional DTI, two separate frames of image information are acquired: a color Doppler frame and a spatially coordinated B-mode frame. These two frames of image information are then combined to produce the DTI/B-mode composite image described above. For each pair of frames (DTI and B-mode), time is spent in alternately firing B-mode acoustic lines and color Doppler mode acoustic lines. If the time required for acquiring one B-mode frame is TB and the time required for acquiring one Doppler frame is TD, the total DTI/B-mode composite frame requires (TB +TD) for acquisition, and the corresponding frame rate is 1/(TB +TD). The temporal resolution of the composite frame is fundamentally limited in this way.
A need presently exists for methods for increasing the time and/or spatial resolution of DTI images.
The present invention is defined by the following claims, and nothing in this section should be taken as a limitation on those claims.
By way of introduction, the preferred embodiment described below includes a method and system for forming an ultrasonic image of an imaged region. First and second Doppler image parameters of an imaged region are developed as respective functions of receive signals acquired from a single firing event. The first Doppler image parameter may be Doppler tissue velocity, Doppler tissue acceleration, or Doppler tissue energy. The second Doppler image parameter is typically indicative of Doppler tissue energy, either filtered or unfiltered, and it carries tomographic information regarding tissue structure. In the case where the first and second Doppler image parameters are both indicative of Doppler tissue energy, one is filtered and the other is unfiltered. Both of the first and second Doppler image parameters are acquired in the same imaging mode, i.e. both are from the harmonic imaging mode or both are from the fundamental imaging mode. The first and second Doppler image parameters are combined to form a combined image parameter. Preferably, the combined image parameter is displayed with a color hue that varies as a function of the first Doppler image parameter and a color value that varies as a function of the second Doppler image parameter. The ultrasonic image can include an image legend that displays a color hue/color value map associated with the ultrasound image.
Because both the first and second Doppler image parameters for a given region are acquired from a single firing event, the need to alternate between Doppler image acoustic lines and B-mode acoustic lines is eliminated. The spatial and/or temporal resolution of the combined image are thereby increased.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic imaging system suitable for use with this invention.
FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic representations of color value and color hue maps suitable for use in designing the lookup table of FIG. 1.
FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are schematic representations of red, green and blue color intensity maps suitable for use in the lookup table of FIG. 1.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic image generated with the system of FIG. 1.
Turning now to the drawings, FIG. 1 shows an ultrasonic imaging system 10 that can be used to practice preferred embodiments of this invention. The ultrasonic imaging system 10 includes an ultrasonic transducer 12 that operates as a phased array in response to transmit signals generated by a transmitter 14. These transmit signals are preferably timed and phased in the conventional manner to cause ultrasonic energy emitted by the transducer 12 to be focused along acoustic scan lines which can be steered at least in the azimuthal direction, and optionally in the elevational direction as well.
Ultrasonic echo information is converted by the transducer 12 into electrical receive signals that are applied to a receiver/beamformer 16. The receiver/beamformer 16 applies appropriate delays and phase adjustments in a conventional manner to create beamformed signals along selected receive scan lines. In some embodiments, the receive scan lines may be aligned with respective ones of the transmit scan lines. Alternately, the receive scan lines may be offset with respect to the transmit scan lines. This invention can be used with the widest variety of transmitters, transducers and receiver/beamformers, including single beam and multiple beam transmitters and receiver/beamformers.
The receiver/beamformer 16 generates a beamformed output signal that is applied to a multi-range gate Doppler detector 18. The detected output of the detector 18 is applied to a Doppler parameter estimator 20 and a color Doppler scan converter 22. Preferably, the multi-range gate Doppler detector 18, the Doppler parameter estimator 20 and the color Doppler scan converter 22 are of the type described in Arenson et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,285,788. As explained in the Arenson patent, conventional clutter filters are made less restrictive such that the Doppler image parameters generated by the color Doppler scan converter 22 are suitable for Doppler tissue imaging. Since the clutter filters have been designed to block only a narrow range of velocities around zero, the Doppler imaging parameters include Doppler signals for low speed tissue such as the heart wall.
The widest variety of devices can be used to implement the elements 12-22 described above. The transmitter 14 and the receiver/beamformer 16 can be formed as digital or analog signal processors. The Doppler parameter estimator 20 can use conventional auto correlation techniques as well known to those skilled in the art. Alternatively, the Doppler parameter estimator can estimate Doppler parameters using time shift information instead of Doppler information, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,928,698. In this approach, cross correlation techniques are substituted for conventional auto correlation techniques.
The color Doppler scan converter 22 supplies up to four Doppler imaging parameters as output signals: Doppler tissue velocity, Doppler tissue acceleration, Doppler tissue energy (filtered), and Doppler tissue energy (unfiltered). These Doppler image parameters are individually well-known to those skilled in the art and they can take many forms. For example, Doppler tissue velocity (DTV) can be derived from Doppler frequency shift, and the mean Doppler frequency or the estimate of Doppler wavelength can be used as an indication of Doppler tissue velocity. Therefore, it will be understood that whenever Doppler velocity or Doppler tissue velocity is referred to in this specification or the following claims, Doppler or Doppler. tissue frequency or wavelength may be used instead. For simplicity, the term "Doppler tissue velocity" will be used broadly to include velocity, frequency and/or wavelength measures indicative of velocity. The term "Doppler tissue velocity" is intended broadly to encompass both instantaneous measures of velocity as well as average or mean measures of velocity. Doppler tissue acceleration (DTA) can be derived from Doppler tissue velocity by taking the velocity difference between two consecutive frames.
Doppler tissue energy (DTE) is a term intended broadly to encompass various measures of the amplitude, intensity or power of the Doppler information or time shift signals. In this context, power is the energy of such signals per unit time, and amplitude is proportional to the square root of power. For simplicity, the term "Doppler tissue energy" in this specification and the following claims is intended broadly to encompass energy and/or power and/or amplitude of the signal, and the last three terms are used interchangeably.
The Doppler tissue energy signal may be filtered or unfiltered. As used herein, a filtered DTE signal is a Doppler tissue energy signal that has been filtered with a high pass filter such as a conventional clutter filter, where the cutoff frequency of the filter is low enough that the filtered DTE signal includes signals associated with moving tissues (e.g. heart wall tissue). As used herein, an unfiltered DTE signal is a Doppler tissue energy that has not been filtered with such a high pass filter.
Returning to FIG. 1, the ultrasonic imaging system 10 includes a two dimensional lookup table 24 that is used to combine the first and second Doppler image parameters from the scan converter 22 to form a combined image parameter. This combined image parameter is supplied to a display 26. In this embodiment, the first Doppler image parameter is selected from the group consisting of Doppler tissue velocity, Doppler tissue acceleration, and Doppler tissue energy, (filtered or unfiltered). The second Doppler image parameter is a measure of Doppler tissue energy (filtered or unfiltered). When both of the Doppler image parameters correspond to Doppler tissue energy, one corresponds to DTE (filtered) and the other to DTE (unfiltered).
The look up table 24 of this embodiment is implemented as a 2-D color map that causes the color hue and the color value or color intensity of the combined image parameter to vary as a function of both the first and second Doppler image parameters. FIGS. 2-6 provide various representations of a suitable color map for the look up table 24. FIGS. 2 and 3 show the color map in HSV color space, while FIGS. 4-6 show the color map in RGB color space. In the example of FIGS. 2 through 6, the first Doppler image parameter is DTV and the second Doppler image parameter is DTE. As shown in FIG. 2, the color hue of the combined image parameter, (represented in the vertical axis) is a piecewise linear function of Doppler tissue velocity DTV, with the two linear pieces corresponding to the two directions of tissue velocity, but is substantially independent of the value of DTE. As shown in FIG. 3, the color value or intensity of the combined image parameter varies as a linear function of DTE and is insensitive to the value of DTV. In this embodiment, color saturation S is a constant and therefore not shown. Alternately, color saturation can be made variable, for example, as a function of color value.
In practice, the color map of FIGS. 2 and 3 is converted to RGB color space to form three correlated look up tables for the three primary colors, red, green and blue. Color maps shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 define one exemplary embodiment of a suitable look up table for combining the first and second Doppler image parameters to form the combined image parameter. By way of example, the red, green and blue pixel values shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 can be used as follows: DTV and DTE values for a given point in the region are used as addressing inputs to the look up tables shown schematically in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 to select red, green and blue pixel values for the corresponding pixel of the displayed ultrasonic image. In the example of FIGS. 2-6, only subsample data are shown. The look up table 24 can be implemented using two dimensional linear interpolation between subsample data points as shown.
The mapping function from Doppler tissue velocity to color hue, and the mapping function from Doppler tissue energy to color value do not have to be linear as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Non-linear functions may also be used, though it is preferable that the mappings be reversible, i.e. each value of the combined image parameter is unambiguously associated with a single set of values for the first and second image parameters. The reversibility of the map guarantees that for each color pixel, one can decode its RGB values uniquely to its Doppler energy and velocity.
In this embodiment, the first and second Doppler image parameters are developed as respective functions of receive signals acquired from a single firing event for a given region of the imaged tissue. For example, considering the imaged tissue 30 of FIG. 1, echo signals from a given region 32 are coherently summed in the receiver/beamformer 16 and are then applied to the detector 18, the estimator 20 and the scan converter 22, such that the first Doppler image parameter and the second Doppler image parameter associated with the region 32 are developed as respective functions of echoes associated with a single firing event. In effect, the Doppler tissue energy signal substitutes for a conventional B-mode signal. In this way, the need for a B-mode image signal is eliminated in this mode of operation, and the time to create an image frame of the combined image parameter is simply the time TD required to acquire a single Doppler frame.
As used herein, an image parameter is said to be developed as a function of receive signals from a first firing event both (1) when only receive signals from the first firing event are used to develop the image parameter, and (2) when receive signals from the first firing event are used with receive signals from other firing events to develop the image parameter. For example, the image parameters DTV and DTE are developed as respective functions of receive signals Rn acquired from firing event N even though DTE may be developed as a function of only the receive signals Rn, while DTV may be developed as a function of the receive signals Rn as well as one or more sets of receive signals Rm, Ro associated with other firing events.
Both of the first and second Doppler image parameters are acquired using a common imaging mode, either a harmonic imaging mode or a fundamental imaging mode. In the harmonic imaging mode the echo signals used to form the first and second Doppler image parameters correspond to echoes at a harmonic of the fundamental ultrasonic frequency supplied to the transducer 12 by the transmitter 14. In the fundamental imaging mode the first and second Doppler image parameters are formed from echo information linearly scattered by the image tissue, without frequency shift at the scattering interface. As used herein, harmonic is intended broadly to include sub-harmonics, fractional harmonics, and integral harmonics greater than 1.
FIG. 7 shows an example of a display 40 generated by the system 10. The display 40 includes two images in this embodiment. The first is an ultrasonic image 42 of the imaged region. In the ultrasonic image 42 the combined image parameter described above is displayed, having a color hue that varies as a linear or proportional function of the first Doppler image parameter and a color intensity or value that varies linearly or proportionally with Doppler tissue energy, the second Doppler image parameter.
The second image 44 is a color legend that assists the user in interpreting the color hue and color value displayed at individual pixels of the ultrasonic image 42. In the legend 44 of this embodiment, one of the axes (the x-axis in this example) varies progressively with the second Doppler image parameter (minimum to maximum DTE in this example), while the other axis (the y-axis in this example) varies progressively with the first Doppler image parameter (minimum to maximum DTV in this example). For each pixel 46 in the legend 44, there is an associated x and y coordinate. The color intensity or color value of the pixel 46 is determined by the x coordinate, and the color hue for the pixel 46 is determined by the y coordinate using the color maps described above in conjunction with FIGS. 4 through 6.
In another mode of operation both the first and second Doppler image parameters of the display and the legend vary as a function of filtered and unfiltered Doppler tissue energy, respectively.
The tomographic information of tissue, conventionally displayed by B-mode image frame, is now provided in the ultrasonic image 42 by the second Doppler image parameter (unfiltered Doppler tissue energy in this example). Since B-mode imaging is eliminated, a substantial amount of time can be saved. This allows a substantial increase in the frame rate and an associated improvement in temporal resolution. Alternately, the saved time can be used to fire more Doppler lines per frame, and thereby to improve spatial resolution. Of course, the saved time can be distributed appropriately to improve both temporal and spatial resolution simultaneously.
As described above, the system 10 provides improved temporal and/or spatial resolution as compared to a conventional DTI system, which combines B-mode and Doppler frames. The system 10 eliminates the need for B-mode frames and provides the desired graphic information of the tissue by substituting a DTE image parameter for the B-mode image parameter. In some applications, the frame rate can be increased by a factor of two assuming a constant spatial resolution is maintained. This advantage is obtained because the second image parameter DTE carries tissue tomographic information, and both Doppler image parameters are obtained simultaneously from a single DTI frame.
Of course, many changes and modifications are possible to the preferred embodiment described above. The system 10 can operate using polar or Cartesian coordinates, and the first and second Doppler image parameters may be combined using hardware other than look up tables. For example, various beamforming and Doppler signal processing techniques can be used including both analog and digital techniques. When a two-dimensional look up table is used, it can be implemented physically as a one-dimensional table, using appropriate addressing logic. Also, the combined image parameter may be a function of other parameters in addition to the first and second Doppler image parameters discussed above. As used herein, a parameter that varies as a function of two or more parameters is therefore said to vary as a function of each of these parameters individually.
The foregoing detailed description has described only a few of the many forms that this invention can take. For this reason it is intended that this detailed description be regarded as an illustration and not as a limitation of the invention. It is only the following claims, including all equivalents, that are intended to define the scope of this invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 16, 1992
|Feb 15, 1994
|Acuson Corporation
|Ultrasonic tissue imaging method and apparatus with doppler velocity and acceleration processing
|Mar 31, 1995
|May 7, 1996
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Diagnostic ultrasound system
|Jun 2, 1995
|Jun 18, 1996
|Bracco Research S.A.
|Ultrasonic spectral contrast imaging
|May 15, 1996
|Sep 9, 1997
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus
|Mar 13, 1996
|Sep 23, 1997
|Advanced Technology Laboratories, Inc.
|Ultrasonic scanning of tissue motion in three dimensions
|Apr 29, 1996
|Feb 24, 1998
|Advanced Technology Laboratories, Inc.
|Three dimensional medical ultrasonic diagnostic image of tissue texture and vasculature
|Sep 10, 1996
|Mar 31, 1998
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Ultrasound diagnostic apparatus
|Aug 9, 1996
|Apr 7, 1998
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Method of enhancing and prolonging the effect of ultrasound contrast agents
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 3, 2000
|May 1, 2001
|Agilent Technologies, Inc.
|Ultrasonic method using adaptive clutter filter to remove tissue wall motion
|Apr 24, 2000
|Jun 18, 2002
|Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc
|Ultrasound image display by combining enhanced flow imaging in B-mode and color flow mode
|Feb 23, 2001
|Jun 17, 2003
|Acuson Corporation
|Medical ultrasonic imaging system with adaptive multi-dimensional back-end mapping
|Aug 6, 1999
|Jul 13, 2010
|Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.
|Medical diagnostic ultrasonic imaging method and system for displaying multi-phase, multi-frame images
|Jun 6, 2005
|Jul 3, 2012
|Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.
|Medical ultrasound pressure gradient measurement
|Jun 6, 2005
|Jan 18, 2007
|Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.
|Medical ultrasound pressure gradient measurement
|Aug 11, 2005
|Sep 17, 2008
|Method and apparatus for detecting acceleration field of tissue image of colorful Doppler ultrasonography
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jan 16, 2004
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jan 15, 2008
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Jan 17, 2012
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
The Defense Department hasn't instituted a military draft since 1973, and the program that administers it, the Selective Service System, hasn't been reevaluated in 18 years.
In that time, national security needs have evolved considerably and budget pressure is forcing DOD to consider all options for saving money – including changes to emergency military manpower.
The Government Accountability Office is recommending that DOD leaders take a critical look at the Selective Service System, which maintains the structure and database that would be used if there were a national emergency that would necessitate a draft.
Pentagon decision-makers say the system provides a "low-cost insurance policy" in the case of an emergency and provides other intangible benefits as well, but agree it's time to reevaluate and establish a process for periodic consideration, according to a new GAO report.
"DOD developed its manpower requirements for the Selective Service System in 1994 and has not reexamined these requirements in the context of recent military operations and changes in the security environment and national security strategy," the report noted. "Changes in the security environment and defense strategy represent junctures at which DOD can systematically reevaluate service personnel levels to determine whether they are consistent with strategic objectives."
According to the report, Selective Service System officials say that the program currently isn't properly resourced to meet requirements should a draft become necessary, and that a lack of an updated requirement from DOD presents policy issues for fixing the problems.
In the report, GAO reviewed the costs associated with three different options for the service: maintaining current operations, operating in a deep standby mode with active registration or disestablishing the Selective Service System altogether.
The budget to maintain the system as is would be roughly $24.4 million; on standby, $17.8 million; and to disestablish, no cost. Disestablishing the system would save an estimated $17.9 million in the first year with $24.4 million in recurring savings, according to the report.
Still, restructuring or shuttering the program would require "consideration of various fiscal and national security implications," the report noted. Congress would have to amend the Military Selective Service Act and, potentially, additional laws.
DOD plans to implement GAO's recommendations for review, starting with an analysis of DOD manpower requirements for the Selective Service Systems from the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness, in coordination with the Joint Staff and the services, the report stated. That report is due by Dec. 1.
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Amber Corrin is a former staff writer for FCW and Defense Systems.
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The president-elect has selected another retired Marine general for his cabinet -- John F. Kelly to head the Department of Homeland Security.
The Congressional Budget Office estimates that implementation of the Modernizing Government Technology Act will cost $9 billion over five years.
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The Selective Service System Budget has not increased since 1992......look it up! This is the most cost-effective insurance one could hope for. Look at any other Federal Agency and compare their budgets from 1992 -2012......This is a real eye-opener!! No increase in ACTUAL DOLLARS IN 20 YEARS!
Reactivate the draft - not like it was when it ended with the lottery (1970-72) when it was reasonably fair. Let's go back like it was in the 1960's, with all the deferments and associated influence peddling. The Selective Service has said that if a draft were reinstituted, it would be conducted much differently and there would be fewer excuses for people to get out of it. I do not believe them.
Well, one change if they keep it is to include women as well as men to the selective service laws as it is gender skewed
The Selective Service System has been usurped by the reserves back door draft. As overseas hot conflicts are ratchet down, the reserves too will be soon moth balled. An institutional practice that has been in place since WWWII.
The concern, of course, is that with a number of efforts circulating in Congress to change the retirement system, promotions, Tricare, etc., we'll be back to the draft within a decade because those things that sustain a volunteer force will start to disappear.
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United States District Court, Third Circuit
May 29, 2013
SAMUEL J. OPARA, Petitioner,v.FEDERAL BUREAU OF PRISONS, et al., Respondents.
SAMUEL J. OPARA, #05433-027 FCI Fort Dix, Fort Dix, N.J. Petitioner pro se.
JEROME B. SIMANDLE, Chief District Judge.
Petitioner, Samuel J. Opara, is a federal prisoner confined at the Federal Correctional Institute at Fort Dix, New Jersey. He brings this pro se petition for writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241.[1] For the reasons set forth below, after screening the petition, the Court will dismiss the petition for lack of jurisdiction as it is a prohibited second or successive motion under § 2255.
Petitioner is confined pursuant to a federal drug conviction and sentence imposed by the United States District Court for the Northern District of Indiana. He was sentenced to thirty years imprisonment. Petitioner appealed his conviction and sentence and filed several motions to vacate, set aside or correct his sentence pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 2255. See United States v. Opara, (" Opara I "), 20 Fed.Appx. 533 (7th Cir. 2001) (affirming sentence on direct appeal but setting aside conviction on one count because government conceded that there was insufficient evidence to find Opara guilty of maintaining a crack house); see also Opara v. United States, (" Opara II "), Nos. 2:03-cv-9, 2:98-cr-47, 2005 WL 1653902 (N.D. Ind. July 8, 2005) (denying motion to declare judgment void under Section 2255), certificate of appealability denied, 2006 WL 1128649 (N.D. Ind. Apr. 26, 2006); United States v. Opara, (" Opara III "), No. 2: 98-cr-47, 2008 WL 596616 (N.D. Ind. Mar. 5, 2008) (dismissing § 2255 motion as second or successive without certification from Court of Appeals). Additionally, petitioner has also previously unsuccessfully moved for habeas relief in this Court. See Opara v. United States, (" Opara IV "), Civ. No. 10-2295, 2010 WL 5250886 (D.N.J. Dec. 14, 2010) (dismissing habeas petition filed under § 2241 for lack of jurisdiction as it was considered a second or successive § 2255 motion), aff'd, 423 Fed.Appx. 116 (3d Cir. 2011) (per curiam).
In the instant § 2241 motion, petitioner claims that the United States Attorney has dismissed all of the counts of the indictment against petitioner and has terminated his case. Thus, he contends that the Federal Bureau of Prisons is enforcing a conviction and sentence against him that has been terminated.
Petitioner attaches several exhibits to his petition, including a portion of the docket from his underlying federal criminal proceedings in the Northern District of Indiana. He also attaches court document dated September 1, 2000, which petitioner alleges indicates that the counts against him have been dismissed. The document is signed by the Assistant United States Attorney as well as the District Judge and dismisses the "original indictment" against petitioner.
A. Standard for Sua Sponte Dismissal
With respect to screening the instant petition, 28 U.S.C. § 2243 states in relevant part:
A court, justice or judge entertaining an application for a writ of habeas corpus shall forthwith award the writ or issue an order directing the respondent to show cause why the writ should not be granted, unless it appears from the application that the applicant or person detained is not entitled thereto.
As petitioner is proceeding pro se, his petition is held to less stringent standards than those pleadings drafted by lawyers. See Rainey v. Varner, 603 F.3d 189, 198 (3d Cir. 2010) ("It is the policy of the courts to give a liberal construction to pro se habeas petitions.") (internal quotation marks and citation omitted); United States v. Otero, 502 F.3d 331, 334 (3d Cir. 2007) ("we construe pro se pleadings liberally.") (citing Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520 (1972)). Nevertheless, "a district court is authorized to dismiss a [habeas] petition summarily when it plainly appears from the face of the petition and any exhibits annexed to it that the petitioner is not entitled to relief in the district court[.]" Lonchar v. Thomas, 517 U.S. 314, 320 (1996).
Furthermore, "[b]efore a second or successive [§ 2255] application permitted by this section is filed in the district court, the applicant shall move in the appropriate court of appeals for an order authorizing the district court to consider the application." 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b)(3)(A); see also 28 U.S.C. § 2255(h).
B. Jurisdiction
Petitioner asserts that he is entitled to habeas relief under § 2241 and claims that all of the counts against him have been dismissed. Generally, a challenge to the validity of a federal conviction or sentence must be brought under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. See Okereke v. United States, 307 F.3d 117, 120 (3d Cir. 2002). This is generally true because section 2255 prohibits a district court from entertaining a challenge to a prisoner's federal sentence through § 2241 unless the remedy under § 2255 is "inadequate or ineffective." See 28 U.S.C. § 2255(e). Section 2255(e) states that:
An application for a writ of habeas corpus in behalf of a prisoner who is authorized to apply for relief by motion pursuant to this section, shall not be entertained if it appears that the applicant has failed to apply for relief, by motion, to the court which sentenced him, or that such a court has denied him relief, unless it also appears that the remedy by the motion is inadequate or ineffective to test the legality of his detention.
28 U.S.C. § 2255(e). A section 2255 motion is "inadequate or ineffective" which permits a petitioner to resort to a section 2241 petition "only where the petitioner demonstrates that some limitation or procedure would prevent a § 2255 proceeding from affording him a full hearing and adjudication of his wrongful [sentence] claim." Cradle v. U.S. ex rel. Miner, 290 F.3d 536, 538 (3d Cir. 2002) (per curiam) (citations omitted). "It is the inefficacy of the remedy, not the personal inability to use it, that is determinative." Id. (citation omitted). "The provision exists to ensure that petitioners have a fair opportunity to seek collateral relief, not to enable them to evade procedural requirements." Id. at 539 (citing In re Dorsainvil, 119 F.3d 245, 251-52 (3d Cir. 1997).
In Dorsainvil, the Third Circuit held that the remedy provided by § 2255 is "inadequate or ineffective, " permitting resort to § 2241, where a prisoner who previously had filed a § 2255 motion on other grounds "had no earlier opportunity to challenge his conviction for a crime that an intervening change in substantive law may negate." 119 F.3d at 251. Nevertheless, the Third Circuit emphasized that its holding was not suggesting that a section 2255 motion was "inadequate or ineffective" merely because a petitioner is unable to meet the strict gatekeeping requirements of section 2255. See id. The "safety valve, " as stated in Dorsainvil, is a narrow one and has been held to apply in situations where the prisoner has had no prior opportunity to challenge his conviction for a crime later deemed to be non-criminal by an intervening change in the law. See Okereke, 307 F.3d at 120 (citing Dorsainvil, 119 F.3d at 251).
In this case, petitioner does not allege facts to bring his petition within the Dorsainvil exception. Instead, it appears as if petitioner is seeking to avoid the gatekeeping requirements of § 2255 which limit when a petitioner can file a second or successive motion.[2]
As previously stated, petitioner asserts in this motion that the United States Attorney has dismissed the counts against him. He relies on a document signed by the Assistant United States Attorney and the District Judge dated September 1, 2000 and entered in petitioner's criminal case. ( See Dkt. No. 1 at p. 33, 36.) First, contrary to petitioner's contention, while the document he relies on dismissed the "original indictment, " petitioner's underlying criminal docket indicates that there was a superseding indictment filed against petitioner after the original indictment was filed. ( See id. at p. 15.) Second, the document purportedly dismissing the charges against petitioner was filed in September 2000, or well before petitioner filed his initial § 2255 motion in January 2002. Thus, petitioner could have brought the issues he raises in the instant petition at the time of his initial § 2255 motion.
Petitioner's challenge to his judgment and sentence is insufficient to invoke the Court's jurisdiction under § 2241 in this case. As petitioner has failed to obtain certification from the Court of Appeals to proceed in this action, this Court lacks jurisdiction to consider his § 2241 motion. It would also not be interest of justice to transfer this petition to the United States District Court for Northern District of Indiana or to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. See 28 U.S.C. § 1631 ("Whenever a civil action is filed in this court as defined in section 610 or this title or an appeal... is noticed for or filed with such a court and that court finds that there is a want of jurisdiction, the court shall, if in the interest of justice, transfer such action or appeal to any other such court in which the action or appeal could have been brought at the time it was filed or noticed[.]").
Petitioner has also filed a motion under 28 U.S.C. § 2247 requesting that court documents be unsealed. ( See Dkt. 2.) Section 2247 states that, "[o]n application for a writ of habeas corpus documentary evidence, transcripts of proceedings upon arraignment, plea and sentence and a transcript of the oral testimony introduced on any previous similar application by or in behalf of the same petitioner, shall be admissible in evidence." In this case, as this court lacks jurisdiction over the petition, the motion will be denied.
For the reasons set forth above, this habeas action will be dismissed for lack of jurisdiction because it is a second or successive § 2255 motion challenging petitioner's federal judgment and sentence and petitioner has not received leave from the Court of Appeals to file such a petition. An appropriate order will be issued.
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Gravesend town centre was drenched in colour on Saturday as thousands turned out to celebrate the Sikh New Year.
The Vaisakhi festival not only marks the start of the New Year for adherents of the faith, but commemorates the year Sikhism was established in 1699.
The Nagar Kirtan procession began at the Guru Nanak Darbar Gurdwara at 11.30am with readings from the Sikh holy book the Granth Sahib.
It passed in a loop round the town centre before returning at 2.30pm to the Guru Nanak Sports Field in Wellington Street.
The party continued there with a funfair, Sikh martial arts, interactive activities for children, food stalls and a performing arts stage.
CEO of the Kent Equality Cohesion Council Gurvinder Sandher, said: "The celebrations took months of planning and I am as ever very grateful to our partners and volunteers for working with us to make the celebrations such a success.
"I was very pleased with the positive response both in town and back at the Gurdwara where the different communities came together as one to celebrate Vaisakhi."
- Neglected horses rescued in Sidcup due to 'immediate concerns for their welfare'
- Rail fare hike arrives on time unlike many trains
- Southern rail passengers compensated four weeks' travel over operator's 'poor performance'
- Advice to 'drink plenty of water' when you're unwell could actually be bad for you, doctors warn
- Lewisham borough worst for education in London


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Le Grand Large Trouville sur Mer
14360 Trouville-sur-Mer, France – Show map
|Room Type
6 Reasons to Choose Le Grand Large Trouville sur Mer
Low rates
88 properties in Trouville-sur-Mer
Manage your bookings online
14 independent reviews
The staff speaks English
Booking is safe
Interhome is a vacation rental provider founded in 1965. We are an International entity with its head office located in Switzerland. With more than 33.000 vacation homes and apartments in more than 30 countries to choose from, you will find the perfect getaway that best fits your expectations and your budget. Interhome is highly dedicated to making your vacation an unforgettably pleasant experience, through an efficient and secure booking process, reliable key handover, and assistance during your stay. We are available for any enquiries 24/7.
Le Grand Large Trouville sur Mer takes special requests – add in the next step!
Facilities of Le Grand Large Trouville sur Mer
- Designated Smoking Area
- Outdoor Pool (seasonal)
- Grounds
Pets are not allowed.
- Horseback Riding
- Hiking
WiFi is available in all areas and charges apply.
Free! Free private parking is available on site (reservation is not needed).
- Paid WiFi
Languages Spoken
- French
- English
Area Info – Show map
Closest Landmarks
- Trouville-Deauville SNCF Railway Station 0.3 miles
- Commandant Hébert Stadium 0.4 miles
- Deauville Yacht Club 0.5 miles
- Port Morny 0.6 miles
- Trouville Casino 0.7 miles
Most Popular Landmarks
- Trouville Beach 0.9 miles
- Polyclinique of Deauville 0.9 miles
- Deauville Casino 0.9 miles
- Volcano 9.1 miles
- Perret Model Appartment 9.3 miles
Until 10:00 AM
Cancellation and prepayment policies vary according to apartment type. Please enter the dates of your stay and check what conditions apply to your preferred room.
Children and Extra Beds
All children are welcome.
One child under 2 years stays free of charge when using existing beds.
There is no capacity for cribs in the room.
Pets are not allowed.
Cards accepted at this property
Hover over the cards for more info.
Or, take a look at these appealing alternatives:
- Pierre&Vacances Les Tamaris has a location score of 8.3
- La Petite Parenthese has a review score of 9.1
The office will be closed on Sundays. For Sunday arrivals please contact the office well in advance to arrange arrival details.
Please inform Le Grand Large Trouville sur Mer of your expected arrival time in advance. You can use the Special Requests box when booking, or contact the property directly using the contact details provided in your confirmation.
Please note that the full amount of the reservation is due before arrival. Interhome will send a confirmation with detailed payment information. After full payment is taken, the property's details, including the address and where to pick up the keys, will be sent to you by email.
A security deposit of EUR 300 is required upon arrival for incidental charges. This deposit is fully refundable upon check-out and subject to a damage inspection of the accommodation.


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first edition Hardcover
1977 · New York
by Silko, Leslie Marmon
New York: A Richard Seaver Book / The Viking Press, 1977. First edition. Hardcover. Near fine/near fine. 262pp. Octavo [21.5 cm] 1/4 light brown cloth with charcoal gray paper covered boards. With only minor wear to the dust jacket. From the dust jacket- "Although its characters are Indian, and the setting the Laguna Pueblo, Ceremony transcends the ethnic novel: with a strong sense of place, and a clear bond with her people, Leslie Silko has, like the Russian novelists of the nineteenth century, taken her subject and transmuted it into a work of art that speaks to all of us. (Inventory #: 48551)


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Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia quotes (Ethiopian Emperor and Social Reformer(19301974) of Ethiopia, 1892-1975 He is the religious symbol for God incarnate among the Rastafari movement.)
Bob Marley quotes (Jamaican Singer, Composer and Guitarist. 1945-1981)
Stephen Jay Gould quotes
Ayn Rand quotes (Russian born American Writer and Novelist, 1905-1982)
Haile Selassie quotes (Ethiopian Statesman and Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974, 1892-1975)
Ambrose Bierce quotes (American Writer, Journalist and Editor, 1842-1914)Book: Devil's Dictionary quotes
Neal Boortz quotes
Ronald Reagan quotes (American 40th US President (1981- 89), 1911-2004)
Robert Green Ingersoll quotes (American Statesman and Orator, noted for his broad range of culture and his defense of atheism. 1833-1899)
Joseph Addison quotes (English Essayist, Poet, Dramatist and Statesman, 1672-1719)
Seneca quotes (Roman philosopher, mid-1st century AD)
Alexander Pope quotes (English Poet, 1688-1744)
Frederick Scott Oliver quotes
Salvador Dalí quotes (Spanish painter, 1904-1989)
John Berger quotes (English Painter, b.1926)
Ralph Waldo Emerson quotes (American Poet, Lecturer and Essayist, 1803-1882)


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Prices, promotions, styles, and availability may vary. Our local stores do not honor online pricing. Prices and availability of products and services are subject to change without notice. Errors will be corrected where discovered, and Lowe's reserves the right to revoke any stated offer and to correct any errors, inaccuracies or omissions including after an order has been submitted.
Garden Treasures Umbrella Vase
Item # 609615 Model # DX120065
Product Information
- Wrought iron frame with powder-coated finish for durability
- 8 clear glass cups for 1.5-in tea lights (tea lights not included)
- Plastic foot pad included to protect table from scratching
|Length (Inches)
|Width (Inches)
|Package Quantity
|1-year limited
|Umbrella vase


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Gravy Boat
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text:
Club Information
Welcome to Rotary
Central Melbourne
Interested in what we do?
Join us for breakfast
We meet
Tuesday 7.20am
for 7.40am
RACV City Club
501 Bourke Street
Melbourne 3000
Rotary Theme
Chris Banks
Zoos Victoria's international conservation partnerships
As a zoo-based conservation organisation, Zoos Victoria supports recovery programs for 21 threatened native species and a range of international conservation projects. The key criterion for the international relationships is clear benefits to both wildlife and people.
Chris is manager of Zoos Victoria's International Conservation Partnerships. In this role he details Zoos Victoria's multi-year partnerships in the Philippines, Papua New Guinea and Uganda, a conservation grants program and a sister zoo partnership in Port Moresby.
Live news feed
Australian entrepreneur announces $1 million gift to Rotary
On Wednesday, over breakfast with the Rotary Club of Wahroonga, New South Wales, Australian entrepreneur and philanthropist Dick Smith announced a donation of AU$1 million to Rotary (about US$750,000), citing admiration of Rotary members for the time they devote to others. The Rotary Australia Benevolent Society (RABS) will administer the funds. "With 29,500 Rotarians in 1,100 clubs throughout Australia, we have an army of volunteers eager to assist those in need," says Michael Perkins, RABS chair. "The impact of this donation will be felt throughout all of Australia, from the cities to the...
eBay Live Auctions that benefit Rotary
Each month, eBay, the world's largest auction website, selects a set of upcoming Live Auction events and donates a portion of all sales proceeds to Rotary. Only U.S. auction sales are eligible. See the schedule of December auctions.


text:
LG P506 (32 GB) Smartphone Reviews
- Other Cell Phones:
- Average: 3.7
- High: 5.0
- Brand:
Read 1 Review
REVIEW SNAPSHOT®by PowerReviews
Reviewed by 1 customer
Comments about LG P506 (32 GB) Smartphone:
I absolutely love this phone. This was my first smart phone and I love it! It was recommended to me and it was a great choice. Very easy to use and has all the features I need plus many more. My only complaint is the camera has a very slow reaction time so pictures are often blurred. However if I want good photos I will use my camera but it would be nice if it had a faster reaction time.
Easy to use, great performance. No problems and I've had this phone for almost 2 years.
Voice Quality
Voice quality is very good. I can hear people very well and they can hear me. Speaker phone has good voice quality as well.
Battery Life
Battery life is good. Obviously the amount of use and the types of things it is used for effect the battery life but overall I think it's good.
I have dropped this phone on several occasions and it still works.
Ease of Use
Very easy to use.
Love the design.


text:
The average cost for a Engine Mount Replacement is between $297 and $348. Labor costs are estimated between $189 and $239 while parts are priced between $108 and $109. Estimate does not include taxes and fees.
Engine Mount Replacement Cost for GMC Yukon XL 2500
Engine Mount Replacement Estimate (National Average)
Validated estimate range for national average.
View Estimate Details
Parts & Labor Breakdown
Labor: $189 - $239
Parts: $108 - $109
Estimate does not include taxes and fees.
Last step before receiving your estimate:


text:
Corner lot, full sod, full sprinkler, fireplace, built-in micro wave and oven, bay window at master bedroom, covered back patio, 3 sides brick, foam insulation, granite in kitchen and master bath, 16x16 travertino tile in wet areas, wood floors at entry and dining, upgraded kitchen backsplash, whirlpool tub at master bath, rounded corners.
Electricity on Property, Natural Gas on Property
Built-In Oven(s), Dishwasher, Disposal, Microwave Oven
Property Listed by: Keller Williams Realty-rr
The information being provided is for consumers' personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing.
Based on information from the Austin Board of REALTORS® (alternatively, from ACTRIS) from December 3rd, 2016 at 5:45pm CST. Neither the Board nor ACTRIS guarantees or is in any way responsible for its accuracy. The Austin Board of REALTORS®, ACTRIS and their affiliates provide the MLS and all content therein "AS IS" and without any warranty, express or implied. Data maintained by the Board or ACTRIS may not reflect all real estate activity in the market.
All information provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed and should be independently verified.


text:
THIS IS A DIRECTORY PAGE. Britannica does not currently have an article on this topic.
Learn about this topic in these articles:
function in insect blood
...intermediate metabolism as well; and (4) hemocytes that are concerned with wound healing; the plasma of many insects does not coagulate, and either pseudopodia or secreted particles from hemocytes ( cystocytes) trap other such cells to close the lesion until the surface of the skin regenerates.


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How right you are - my kid wants to be a movie director. Yet he had a run-in with reality by doing an internship with the cities' PR department as a sophomore in high school. He hated it! I asked him why. He had to do what someone else directed! He hated it! He indeed thought he would go to college and upon graduation be hailed as the next Stephen Spielberg.
Well - it was a VERY valuable lesson. He is now in college majoring in Mass Media Production. He has a National Merit Scholarship, and chose a school that would make that award pay for perhaps 2/3rds of his costs.
He still wants to direct movies, but realizes he won't be starting at the top. He right-sized his expectations to his financial realities and will graduate from college owning no-one money. Our small savings for his college tuition are going to cover all expenses above the scholarship. He put this all together himself.
Yeah - I'm proud of him. However, the point of the story is more to agree with you that unless more of this current generation opens their eyes - it is going to be a RUDE lesson.
"Instead of millions of mew college graduates driving cabs, we need TRADE SCHOOL graduates, (since apprenticeships seem to have disappeared) working for themselves and their families instead of working to pay back student loans. "
Spot on.
You could not be more right!
I was sitting in a restaurant waiting for a table the other night and I overheard two guys sitting next to me who work in the Eagle Ford shale oil/gas fields in TX.
They were talking about the fact that they cannot find enough skilled tradesmen (or even unskilled workers who are willing to be trained) to take the jobs that they have available in the oil and gas fields.
They said that someone straight out of high school could start an apprenticeship (which the employers are willing to pay for) and could easily be making 100K+ within just a few years.
No takers.
But a high school graduate (and his co-signing broke family) will gladly become an indentured servant... going tens of thousands, even hundreds of thousands of dollars into lifelong, non-dischargable student loan debt, in order to further enrich liberal professors and multi-million-dollar salary college presidents, while being indoctrinated for 4 years in the art of victimhood/entitlements/guilt and graduate with a worthless degree that qualifies him to work at Starbucks.
Then, he'll cry to his fellow underemployed, over-indebted adult-child "friends" on Facebook and Twitter night and day about how unfair the system is.
Sad, sad days in America.
I heartily agree, but we also need something we don't have all -- polytechnics -- sort of high-end trade schools focused on job training, but giving a broader education than a simple trade school. Let universities go back to being universities instead of misconceiving of their purpose as job training, rather than education. What most people seem to want from college is what a polytechnic offers.
I went to a major state university (in the ACC conference) where I learned to look down my nose at kids who either skipped college for work, joined the military, or went to community college. I had a bit of a rude awakening when I graduated after six years with a double-degree and discovered that the grads from the local technical school were getting all the jobs in my field (graphic design). They were trained on graphics software that my school didnt even have. I, however, had in-depth knowledge of art theory, socialism, sustainability, and keg stands. Cutting-edge computer graphics software skills? Yeah, not so much.
That's all true. Also true, though, is one needn't get his education from college to be a software engineer, firmware engineer, inventor, or a CEO of a successful firm for that matter. I've known and worked with many self-taught autodidacts from all of those categories who are gifted and brilliant.
"Today's kids are being seduced into thinking that everyone can be the CEO or a top executive."
Yet there are corporations that have the view that the valid only career goal for a degreed corporate professional is executive or upper management. Such it was at a major engineering firm where I had at one time worked.
My thought exactly.
Kid down the street loves to mess with trucks and snowmobiles. Has owned five or six vehicles during just the past year. He just loves machinery that moves.
I doubt anyone in his family has ever attended college, but his folks have worked hard and would really like Dustin to go. What the kid needs is a good apprenticeship in a repair shop.
I'm sure he's comfortable with computers and he's got the knack for machinery. I hope he doesn't try to make his parents happy by doing something that he might not be suited for.


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Hurry, less than 10!
Simply attach to a wall or fence. The recordable buttons are concealed in the apples. Press the apple to hear the message, clue, greeting, challenge etc. The recordings can be repeatedly changed to align to particular topics and themes to make the tree part of a story e.g the forest that fairytale characters travel through. It is a different, interesting approach to ICT. It can enhance listening and talking skills. Further ideas can be seen online. Requires 3 x AAA batteries (batteries not included). 2000 playbacks with typical use. For ages 3yrs+. Size of tree: H1m x W1m x D1.5cm.Size of apples: H3.5cm x Diameter 8cm.
Disappointed with the material it's made of. Not sure how durable it will be as I've brought it for outside.


text:
Batman Will Be a Killer in 'Batman vs. Superman' Says Producer
It's a crying shame that Marlon Wayans locked down the title Fifty Shades of Black for his low-rent spoof film set to debut this Friday...
It's a crying shame that Marlon Wayans locked down the title Fifty Shades of Black for his low-rent spoof film set to debut this Friday...
At least part of Gal Gadot's Wonder Woman movie takes place during World War I, which would indicate that at least some of her solo adventure serves as a prequel. But before we get to that film, Gadot will make her debut in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, where — according to new details — she'll find herself pulled out of retirement to fight once again. In addition to the latest intel on Diana Prince, we also have some new images from the epic superhero film, including one that appears to tease DC supervillain Darkseid.
I honestly cannot believe they're pronouncing that title "Batman Vee Superman." When they announced that DC's mega-hero tussle would be called Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, I assumed it was just quirky branding, and I haven't met a single person who didn't call it "Batman Versus Superman" in casual conversation.
If that brief clip from earlier this week featuring the Dark Knight being unmasked by the Man of Steel didn't do the trick for you, then you're in luck because Warner Bros. has released a new, full trailer from Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. Following the premiere on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, the latest preview for the epic superhero battle is now online for your viewing pleasure, featuring plenty of new footage of Bats, Supes, Wonder Woman and more.
If you didn't tune into Gotham tonight, you missed the premiere of the latest sneak peek at Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice — no worries if you didn't catch it on FOX, because Warner Bros. has released the special teaser online, featuring new footage of the epic battle between Ben Affleck's Dark Knight and Henry Cavill's Man of Steel.
Following the Batman vs. Superman info dump that came out of Comic-Con, we thought it might be a while before we saw or heard anything from the upcoming superhero movie. After all, we did get an extended new trailer, new images and a new poster. But today, we have three new Batman vs. Superman pics each showing off one of the film's three main characters: Batman, Superman and Lex Luthor.
Warner Bros. has planned one of the most ambitious trailer launches in history for their upcoming Man of Steel sequel, Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. On Monday, April 20, fans can attend a special event at IMAX theaters around the country where the new Batman v Superman trailer will debut after a special introduction from director Zack Snyder. They spent this week teasing that big unveiling with previews of the preview on Snyder's Twitter feed. This was a carefully orchestrated media event.
Guy Ritchie's adaptation of the popular 1960s NBC spy series 'The Man From U.N.C.L.E.' is very much a throwback to the classic spy movies. Whereas most modern spy movies, like 'Skyfall' or the upcoming 'Kingsman', do their best to distance themselves from the Roger Moore style, 'U.N.C.L.E.' actually embraces it. It's even set in the 1960s. But, is there an audience for a good, old fashioned spy movie? Watch the new 'U.N.C.L.E.' trailer and see for yourself.
There's a reason why people have been pretty tight-lipped with 'Batman vs. Superman' details. It seems that everyone, even the extras, face a $5 million lawsuit if they divulge anything at all. But that hasn't stopped one member of the film's background talent, who went to local Detroit news station with some new story details, including the identity of Batman's sidekick, Robin.
Just when you think you're officially over the whole ALS Ice Bucket Challenge thing, Amy Adams and Henry Cavill go ahead and do one from the set of 'Batman vs. Superman.' And they do it in costume, too. Yes, this may be your one and only opportunity to watch people pour buckets of ice water on Superman's head.
What happens in Hall H stays in Hall H ... at least when it comes to 'Batman vs. Superman.'
During Comic-Con 2014, fans at the Warner Bros. panel got to see the first 'Batman vs. Superman' teaser trailer, featuring a suited up Ben Affleck with glowing blue eyes glaring at Henry Cavill's hovering Superman, ready to do battle. However, if fans were hoping to see this same footage online shortly after, you're out of luck.
If it's Saturday at Comic-Con, it's time for the big guns to come out, and Warner Bros. has done that with some serious style. The studio's panel opened with a big, bruising look at 'Batman V Superman: Dawn of Justice,' thanks to a new trailer (and more on that to come -- much more!), before director Zack Snyder trotted out stars Ben Affleck, Henry Cavill, and Gal Gadot to greet their fans.