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Note: Sample below may appear distorted but all corresponding word document files contain proper formattingExcerpt from essay:
Patriot Act and the Rule of Law
The Patriot Act
The Rule of Law on the Local Level
The Effect on Law Enforcement
The Effect on Homeland Security
Affecting Social Change
The Patriot Act was a serious change to government and the Rule of Law. Additionally, it required adjustments that had to be made to law enforcement agencies from the federal level all the way down to the local patrol policeman. Because that was the case, the Patriot Act made life in America different for all U.S. citizens, visitors, and those who came to the country for any reason. Everything from passports to drivers licenses were more difficult to get after the Patriot Act was created, and people who wanted to obtain legal residency or travel documents had to do more in order to receive these things. That was good in a protective way, but it was detrimental to people who were perfectly innocent but who had trouble providing the proper documentation to receive what they needed. The way people were treated and how much they were trusted also changed, and some people felt as though they were being persecuted because they were of a particular race, religion, or nationality. Overall, however, the Patriot Act was about the protection of the American people despite any difficulties those people had to face in order to comply with the regulations set forth in that Act.
Capstone Project: The Patriot Act and the Rule of Law
For purposes of this paper the Patriot Act will be discussed. It will be examined in light of its effect on the Rule of Law. This will be most specifically targeted toward law enforcement at a local level, but will fall under the broader scope of homeland security. In order to address all of the issues that are involved in this area, the paper will be divided into sections that will discuss each issue individually. That will allow for a more complex and comprehensive examination of the issue at hand, without causing confusion for the reader. It is not always easy to address these kinds of law enforcement issues, and they often also intersect with human rights and responsibilities. That can make things even more complex and difficult, and can cause lawmakers distress when they are attempting to make changes that they feel will protect people and keep them safer than they would have been in the past. If these laws are too oppressive, though, individuals will struggle with them and even fight back against them, making an even bigger job for law enforcement.
As the country moves forward and globalization becomes stronger and more important, both federal homeland security personnel and local law enforcement realize that they are sometimes fighting a losing battle against those who are trying to overtake the country and cause harm to its citizens. There are cyber attacks and people with bombs, and the American public really has no idea of the number of threats they face on a daily basis. Most of these threats are averted, and the vast majority of them do not even make the news. With that in mind, it is important to understand how laws like the Patriot Act affect the overall Rule of Law, and how this relates to how homeland security and local law enforcement officers do their jobs each and every day.
The Patriot Act
Overall, the Patriot Act is a relatively new development. President Bush signed it into law in 2001 after the terrorist attack wreaked so much havoc on the nation and caused so much fear to the American people (Wong, 2006). Despite the fact that it is still new in the sense of many laws and regulations, it is a piece of legislation that individuals in law enforcement and other government agencies must pay close attention to. Some of the regulations created by the Act seem to have little to do with actual law enforcement, but others are very clear and direct when it comes to what they are related to. For example, many states are now much more careful who they issue drivers licenses to, and that is part of the Patriot Act. States ask for more identification than they used to when it comes to getting a drivers license or ID card, and they can require proof of any name changes or other issues that people face throughout their lives (USA, 2001; Wong, 2006). Even if a person was married 50 years ago, the marriage license must be produced in some states if the person's current name does not match the name on his or her birth certificate (Wong, 2006).
That might seem excessive and extreme, but it is really not too much to ask when it comes to keeping the country safe and secure. Other states require a person to provide proof of his or her address through electric bills or other documents, in order to make sure the person is in the area legally and not just trying to get a driver's license or ID card "on the sly" (Wong, 2006). While not all states are highly particular about these kinds of issues, it is possible that a state that is more lax on security issues under the Patriot Act could be at a disadvantage when it comes to keeping its citizens safe. This could come from a lack of information that is properly collected from citizens, or simply from the idea that the rules and procedures are not strong enough to protect citizens and "weed out" the people who are trying to game the system in some way or get documentation illegally.
The Rule of Law on the Local Level
The rule of law is a legal maxim. It has to do with applying legal principles that are already known in an effort to create and manage decisions made by the government (Craig, 1997; Goldsworthy, 2001). However, the rule of law is also something that is very elusive and that cannot be "pinned down" easily. Because it is more of a notion and not an actual "law," there are different ways to define it. In the United States, the President and members of Congress, as well as all of the Supreme Court Justices, take a pledge to uphold the U.S. Constitution before anything else (Lieberman, 2005; Tamanaha, 2004). This shows the rule of law (the Constitution) to be superior, and above any laws that a particular leader would make or create. Even with that being the case, though, there is a large degree of discretion within the federal government (Lieberman, 2005). Scholars often debate the Constitution and whether it is part of a particular rule of law or whether it is misusing or misinterpreting that rule in any way. The discussion on this is ongoing.
Everything that is part of the rule of law filters down from the federal level, all the way down to the local level (Goldsworthy, 2001). At the local level, leaders are still not able to make their own rules and regulations. They can try to do so, of course, but these issues are often "shot down" because they conflict with federal laws and regulations that are based upon the Constitution. For those who are interested in making changes at their local level, there are many issues that have to be faced and there is always the possibility of having all of their hard work destroyed or overturned even if they pass new laws, simply because there is an alleged Constitutional conflict that may have surfaced.
The Effect on Law Enforcement
Both the Patriot Act and the rule of law had (and still have) an effect on law enforcement. This is true at the federal level, and trickles down all the way to state, county, and city officers who patrol the streets each day. The Patriot Act has raised the suspicion level of many people in the United States, and law enforcement officers are not an exception to that (Tamanaha, 2004). While officers always know that they can be dealing with unsavory people and walking into danger, the events of September 11, 2001 proved that there may be more danger than was first anticipated. When police officers approach people, they do not know who those people are or whether they are guilty of something or not in most cases. They may suspect that there is a problem, but they do not always know the real issue and/or the reasons behind that issue. They have the duty to make sure the citizens of their community are safe and protected, and that can be harder to do based on some of the regulations they must follow.
Even though the Patriot Act was designed to protect people from terrorism in the United States, it also required changes to procedures throughout various law enforcement agencies (Goldsworthy, 2001; Lieberman, 2005). Additionally, the rule of law is important because every person that is in law enforcement must be aware of the proper laws and procedures…[continue]
"Patriot Act And The Rule Of Law" (2012, October 17) Retrieved December 4, 2016, from http://www.paperdue.com/essay/patriot-act-and-the-rule-of-law-82577
"Patriot Act And The Rule Of Law" 17 October 2012. Web.4 December. 2016. <http://www.paperdue.com/essay/patriot-act-and-the-rule-of-law-82577>
"Patriot Act And The Rule Of Law", 17 October 2012, Accessed.4 December. 2016, http://www.paperdue.com/essay/patriot-act-and-the-rule-of-law-82577
" According to the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). A "national security letter" (NSL) is basically a written demand by the FBI or other federal law enforcement agencies for a group or organization to turn over records or data or documents, with no warrant attached to the demand. They are given out without probably cause or any justice-related back-up, and have been used extensively since the Patriot Act; they are
Patriot Act In response to the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, Congress passed the U.S.A. Patriot Act, an act that gives federal officials more authority to track and intercept communications, for both law enforcement and foreign intelligence gathering purposes (Doyle, 2002). The Patriot Act also gives the Secretary of the Treasury regulatory powers to prevent corruption of U.S. financial institutions for foreign money laundering purposes. The U.S.A. Patriot Act
Though out-and-out electronic monitoring of private information as evidence in a terrorist-related trial is highly unlikely, it nonetheless puts the average American citizen in a position where his or her privacy is greatly compromised (Soma, Nichols, Rynerson, Maish, and Rogers, 2005). Another section that deems careful scrutiny is Section 215 of the Patriot Act. This section allows the FBI to demand production of any "tangible things" for terrorism investigations. Vagueness
USA Patriot Act What is the issue? The view that had been taken by the authorities is that America was a country with too much of liberty - more than was good for its security. Along with this the feeling was that federal law enforcement agencies did not have enough powers. Thus when the situation of 9/11 came up, the government had to act, the least it could do was to stop
USA Patriot Act on Law Enforcement Patriot Act Impact of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act on Law Enforcement Impact of the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act on Law Enforcement A number of legislative bills and provisions were considered by the U.S. Congress in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks on the New York World Trade Centers and the Pentagon (Wong, 2006a). With close to 3,000 Americans having lost their lives in the attacks, the
Com. Retrieved on November 24, 2004 from http://slate.msn.com/id/2088161/ 'The U.S.A. PATRIOT Act: Preserving Life and Liberty." (2003). Department of Justice. Retrieved on November 24, 2004 from http://www.lifeandliberty.gov/ Note: Synopsis and outline are on next page The PATRIOT Act: Synopsis and Outline The USA Patriot Act, which was signed as law in the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attacks gives sweeping powers of search and surveillance to the law enforcing agencies and is aimed at
USA Patriot Act United States has been utilizing and exploiting all possible means of thwarting potential terrorist attacks and eliminating terrorist elements from the country. Various laws have been enacted to control information flow and to curtail any risk of terrorism activity against the United States. With communications means becoming more advanced, the country also needed to monitor the terrorist activities carried out through communication channels including Internet, emails and telephones.


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bls27's FML badges
Santa Claus
You've looked for Santa absolutely everywhere, and you managed to find him. Well done!
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You like to live life randomly, and we salute you.
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You have voted for 50% of the entire collection of FMLs to date.
bls27's favorite FMLs
Today, I got a new babysitting job. Every time the little girl goes to the bathroom, she screams and cries until I wipe her. She's 7 years old. FML
by justsomesummer / 01/26/2016 at 1:09pm / United States (Oregon) / Kids
Today, I was leaving the house to go on a date. My dad stopped me at the door and said confidently, "Tear that pussy up, son." I'm gay and my dad knows that. FML
by Anonymous / 01/24/2016 at 8:24pm / Dominican Republic (Distrito Nacional) / Intimacy
Today, my dad let me borrow his phone while I wait for mine to get back from the shop. I guess he forgot to pass the news along, because within 4 hours I'd received a picture of my mom's tits. FML
by Anonymous / 01/23/2016 at 12:51am / United States / Intimacy
Today, my pubic hairs were poking into my wang, I went to scratch it. Something bit my hand. FML
by swag papi / 01/22/2016 at 12:47am / Australia (Western Australia) / Animals
Today, I told my boyfriend he's the only good thing left in my life. That's not a healthy relationship dynamic, he said, and ended up breaking up with me. FML
by brokenhearted / 01/19/2016 at 9:59am / Sweden (Vastra Gotaland) / Love
Today, I was having sex with my boyfriend. It was all going great until he decided to try talking dirty. His idea of this was moaning loudly, "Just what the pussy ordered" as he entered me. FML
by Anonymous / 01/19/2016 at 6:03am / United Kingdom (London, City of) / Intimacy
Today, I found out that the only reason I'm alive is because my dad beat the living shit out of my mom to stop her getting an abortion. FML
by Anonymous / 01/17/2016 at 2:26am / United States (Nebraska) / Miscellaneous
Today, I felt kind of horny for once, so I texted my boyfriend to let him know he'd be getting some action later. He replied "I'm gonna fucken murder ur pussy when I get back!! :D" And just like that my sex drive once again crashed through the floor. FML
by Anonymous / 01/16/2016 at 1:40am / United States (Colorado) / Intimacy
Today, I was going to have sex with my boyfriend for the first time. He couldn't get hard and pouted about it for nearly two hours. When I went to comfort him, he said "Man, I hope I'm not gay." FML
by Anonymous / 01/14/2016 at 11:51pm / United States (California) / Intimacy
Today, my girlfriend actually slept with one of the celebrities on her "5 celebrities we're allowed to sleep with" list. FML
by Anonymous / 01/14/2016 at 7:51am / Australia / Intimacy
Today, I almost died. My friends dragged me unconcious, hypothermic and half-drowned out of the sea. A helicopter took me to the hospital where they brought me back to life. My family's reaction? "You aren't dying so we don't have to come to the hospital." They wouldn't even bring me clothes. FML
by KereKris / 01/14/2016 at 7:11am / Netherlands / Miscellaneous
Today, I finally got myself settled into bed around 2 in the morning after a very long day. My cat started to snuggle with me when I smelled something disgusting. Turns out my cat sharted in my bed. FML
by Anonymous / 01/06/2016 at 1:54am / United States (California) / Animals
Today, I found out that the only reason my "friend" comes over to my apartment is so that she can charge her phone using my electricity, because she's too cheap to use her own. FML
by Becca_Jo / 01/05/2016 at 11:19pm / United States (Michigan) / Money
Today, I found out that my best friend is being sacked. He's also about to rent a new apartment which he won't be able to afford when he loses his job. I can't warn him or I'll breach confidentiality and lose my job as well. FML
by Anonymous / 01/05/2016 at 10:04am / United Kingdom (Sheffield) / Work
Today, after much reflection, I realized my "happy childhood" was more like "the years I was oblivious to how much people despised me." FML
by Anonymous / 01/01/2016 at 9:07pm / United States (Oregon) / Miscellaneous
- 1Today, I took a test. I got up to turn it in, and accidentally bumped into another student. We both… 2Today, I tried to fire the worst worker I've ever had over the phone because he never shows up for… 3Today my mom, bored lover of games and mysteries, bragged about outsmarting scammers by burning all…

subset: commoncrawl


text: My Ipod is stuck at the apple logo screen. I had to force restore the Ipod. After a few minutes of restoring, I got an error message in Itunes that stated "Ipod cannot be restored." Now it's back at the apple screen. Anyone have any suggestions. ps. I had Itunes 7.4, but I am updating to 7.6 right now. hoping that is the problem. Thanks for the help.


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Product details
This Masai garden planter, would create an interesting explorer feel in your garden.
- Material: Black clay - ceramic
- Colour: Brown, Black
- Dimensions: (H)51.5cm
- Diameter: 36.5cm
- Weight: 14.5kg
- Usage: Suitable for outdoor use
- Care instructions: Wipe with a clean, damp cloth
Rated 5 out of 5 by 1 reviewer.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Karen Excellent I was looking for a pot for my Mediterranean garden - this pot is great lovely colour and just the size. Good price. 25 May 2016
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text:
What happened to the idea of saving money?
Tagged: Pentagon
Today, the business of America is war.
The Pentagon is scrambling to protect its flank in these budget-cutting times.
With too many Iraqi deaths and too many tax dollars, it's still a "dumb war."
Thanks to clever PR teams, the murderous and thieving excesses of the Pentagon continue to be spun as sacrifices worth of our national security.
It is official U.S. doctrine that defense, diplomacy and development are co-equal contributors to our security.
The budget debate opens door for long-needed cuts to military spending.
China is modernizing its navy, but is it really about to build a network of overseas bases?
Increase in defense spending a symptom, in part, of bad economy.
As DC's powerful debate the debt crisis, one aspect of our spending is completely absent from the debate: war spending.


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testimonies database
06.12.2016[Breaking the Silence]
Yes, in Our Schools
Naftali Bennett is trying to scare principals and deepen the delegitimization of the occupation's opponents. He won't succeed.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fopinion%2F1.757165
read more ›
01.12.2016[Breaking the Silence]
Ministry Summons Jerusalem School Principal for Hosting Anti-occupation Group Breaking the Silence
The summons was prompted by a complaint over alleged incitement at the program, but no incitement has been found and there is no formal ministry policy banning such programming, sources say.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F.premium-1.756255
read more ›
29.11.2016[Breaking the Silence]
Israeli Lawmakers to Hold Rare Dual Vote on Bill to Legalize Settlement Outposts
Knesset legal adviser warns of 'significant minefields' ahead of Wednesday vote on the measure, aimed at averting a court-ordered evacuation of Amona.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F1.755979
read more ›
22.11.2016[Breaking the Silence]
How to Oppose Trump: A Guide for American Progressives, From Your Israeli and Palestinian Peers
Israeli and Palestinian rights activists have weathered many years of repeated and well-coordinated attacks on democratic and liberal values. But we're still here. And we have hard-won lessons to offer.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fopinion%2F.premium-1.754591
read more ›
01.11.2016[Breaking the Silence]
Breaking the Silence to receive alternative award from BGU faculty
Faculty from the Ben Gurion University of the Negev will present an alternative award to the controversial NGO rights group Breaking the Silence in lieu of a canceled prize the group was supposed to receive from the university.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2FIsrael-News%2FBreaking-the-Silence-to-receive-alternative-award-from-BGU-faculty-471435
read more ›
Secret Documents Reveal How Israel Tried to Evade International Scrutiny of Occupation
In two cables from '67 and '68, Foreign Ministry officials admit violations of Geneva Conventions, instruct diplomats how to evade need for compliance by eschewing use of the word 'occupation.'http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F.premium-1.742757
read more ›
For First Time in Decade, Israel Plans to Expand Jewish Settlement in Hebron
Sources familiar with the plan said the land envisioned for new housing only allowed for a handful of homes, Haaretz learns.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F.premium-1.737888
read more ›
Elor Azaria is exposing the occupation, but he's no silence breaker
In testimony at his manslaughter trial for summarily executing a disarmed Palestinian attacker, Elor Azaria is openly describing the violence, de-humanization, hatred, and settler domination that defines the occupation. But make no mistake, he's not...http%3A%2F%2F972mag.com%2Felor-azaria-is-exposing-the-occupation-but-hes-no-silence-breaker%2F121248%2F
read more ›
50 Years of Israeli Occupation, Told Through the Eyes of an Author
Irish author Colm Toibin toured the West Bank last week to collect material for his contribution to an a 2017 anthology.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F1.731703
read more ›
Despite Global Criticism, Israel Approves Contentious 'NGO Law'
Critics say law, which mandates special requirements for NGOs that get most of their funding from foreign governments, disproportionately targets human rights organizations.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F.premium-1.730324
read more ›
For Diaspora Jews, the Occupation Can't Just Be a Spectator Sport
Seeing the reality of Hebron with groups like Breaking the Silence is important. But it's even more crucial to take the anti-occupation message back into our Diaspora Jewish communities.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fopinion%2F1.730157
read more ›
01.07.2016[The Telegraph]
Mario Vargas Llosa on democracy in Latin America, chaos in Venezuela and fifty years of Israeli occupation
Their literary reflections on all aspects of life in the territories - from the military court system to Ramallah's hip-hop scene - will be published in 2017 in an anthology organised by Breaking the Silence, a group of former Israeli soldiers trying...http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2016%2F06%2F19%2Fmario-vargas-llosa-on-democracy-in-latin-america-chaos-in-venezu%2F
read more ›
New Israel Fund Awards Breaking the Silence an Alternative Prize
$20,000 donation almost four times amount of Ben-Gurion University prize nixed by its president.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F.premium-1.727955
read more ›
An Israeli University Teaches a Lesson in Spinelessness
By retracting a prize to Breaking the Silence in the name of 'the consensus', Ben-Gurion University has made a dangerous capitulation to the forces that seek to suppress civil society.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fopinion%2F1.727487
read more ›
Israeli University Nixes Decision to Grant Prize to Breaking the Silence
The anti-occupation NGO was to get a prize for Jewish-Arab understanding until Ben-Gurion University's president overturned her department head's decision.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F.premium-1.727260
read more ›
The power couple of American literature wants to save Israel from itself
The dissonance generated by a visit to Hebron and a dinner in Tel Aviv jolted Israeli-born writer Ayelet Waldman. It also sparked the genesis of a project with her husband, writer Michael Chabon, and Breaking the Silence: enlisting world-famous writers...http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2Fculture%2Fleisure%2F.premium-1.722818
read more ›
Israel Demands Names of Soldiers Who Blew Whistle on Gaza 'War Crimes' to Breaking the Silence
Israel is trying to force a leading anti-occupation NGO to reveal the identities of the soldiers who testified to it.. a move that the group says will effectively put it out of business.http%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Fnews%2Fisrael%2F341179%2Fisrael-demands-names-of-soldiers-who-blew-whistle-on-gaza-war-crimes-to-bre%2F
read more ›
Israeli Soldiers Who Provide Testimony to NGOs Must Be Granted Immunity
This case smacks of scapegoating. Instead of investigating the Israel Defense Forces' assault policies, as reflected by the last Gaza war, the Military Police and State Prosecutor's Office are focusing on a single case of low-level severity.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fopinion%2F1.720788
read more ›
Why the state won't be able to break Breaking the Silence
The state's attempt to bring down one of Israel's most important anti-occupation organizations may backfire in a big way.http%3A%2F%2F972mag.com%2Fwhy-the-state-wont-be-able-to-break-breaking-the-silence%2F119456%2F
read more ›
18.05.2016[the guardian]
Israel action threatens to close down rights group and 'chill' free speech
Case is being brought against Breaking the Silence, which publishes anonymous testimonies of Israeli soldiers.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2016%2Fmay%2F18%2Fisrael-action-threatens-rights-group-free-speech-breaking-silence-soliers
read more ›
Court Ruling to Decide Breaking the Silence's Fate Next Week
State attorney wants NGO to reveal soldiers who gave testimony about troops' misbehavior.http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F.premium-1.720135%3Fdate%3D1463545354817
read more ›
- Tue, 06 Dec 2016 17:57:12Yes, in our schools https://t.co/CECVJ5xc8C
- Mon, 28 Nov 2016 18:05:14"After you get out of the army do you look back and realize what you did"
Full testimony >>https://t.co/xYZ4e9O6UW https://t.co/LUcBRvk7Nw
- Sun, 30 Oct 2016 17:49:29"Yesterday, 7 housing units were demolished in East Jerusalem"
What does this headline actually mean, on the ground?
- Fri, 14 Oct 2016 12:04:18This has been our past week
Join us for a tour to Hebron with soldiers who served there>> https://t.co/wTxCIa1JUt https://t.co/i3iq7rWAJT
- Thu, 13 Oct 2016 16:06:45Yom Kippur has passed, but the center of Hebron still close to Palestinians. Every day, for years. https://t.co/gUEY9W4J90
- Mon, 10 Oct 2016 20:36:42"There's no law, it's like the wild west." [Hebron, 2012]
Read the full testimony here>> https://t.co/btl1YcngDA…/database/576623
- Fri, 07 Oct 2016 18:28:29We had a full week of activities
Join us on a tour to the OPT with soldiers who served there https://t.co/3E8bN9USty https://t.co/k5tI2md2zk
- Thu, 06 Oct 2016 17:44:28Congratulations to @ayeletw & @michaelchabon their activism against the occupation has won them in The Jposts list
- Sun, 02 Oct 2016 12:07:54New year - old occupation.
more than ever, we, the soldiers that were there, are committed to fight the occupation. https://t.co/bNVxKfv5ej
- Thu, 29 Sep 2016 16:47:3916 years passed since the 2nd Intifada.
There is no military solution to a political problem
https://t.co/R4cwmgqhYE https://t.co/c27sD0kRE8
- Mon, 26 Sep 2016 18:27:03Join us on tour of Hebron to understand how occupation really works>> 7th of October 2016>> https://t.co/SJegVEY7ib https://t.co/56yUE0Bk67
- Sun, 25 Sep 2016 12:48:31On Friday we set out on tour of the South Hebron Hills with @truahrabbis students planting trees with #Susiya ppl. https://t.co/MjqcvTbzM8
- Thu, 22 Sep 2016 13:35:52For 49 years Israel's been churning diplomatic excuses into ideology for which we are being sent to the territories https://t.co/XD5HQZdn5p
- Wed, 21 Sep 2016 18:20:45"Most of what you're doing is making your presence felt and guarding illegal outposts.">> https://t.co/8NhgsfT5MJ https://t.co/YPstXYKwF1
- Tue, 20 Sep 2016 18:07:08A new report by @btselem summarizes two years since Operation Protective Edge, the results do not surprise us>> https://t.co/PJzt4GnyGV
- Thu, 15 Sep 2016 14:51:29"The guy didnt intend to put up any resistance. He was really nice. I mean he was very meek" https://t.co/7WoEW6elT4 https://t.co/cGGz1iGbD0
- Mon, 12 Sep 2016 15:37:03We are in Hebron on tour with students from @YachadUK, join us on our next tour of the city> https://t.co/HN45mM6ctj https://t.co/RqnfNJVggf
- Fri, 02 Sep 2016 16:07:13"That's the sort of demonstration of presence.. little harassment like that." >> https://t.co/R3psoUS0HI https://t.co/iA3BWjAZhl
- Tue, 30 Aug 2016 15:00:07Why did I break the silence? https://t.co/MR32RHQr1p https://t.co/U4cnzkvK5d
- Wed, 24 Aug 2016 09:43:36We have just one question - Who are you sending us to protect? Israel, or the occupation? https://t.co/YV4INJ8LAj


text:
Bumping BerryFree
Birds move over. Here's the new and highly addicting game BUMPING BERRY. The name says it, he bumps and bounces his way through life. Just touch your screen in front of Berry to make him go faster of behind Berry to slow him down or stop him in this track. Good luck getting a high score. Don't be fooled by Berry's cuteness, he's quit a lot of work!
Downloads: 976+Report app for spam or abuse!
Games > Arcade for Android
Recommended apps
Minecraft Pocket Edition Full build 16 Free
Explore randomly generated worlds and build amazing things from homes to the grandest castles
Super Mario Bros Original Free
The main heroes of the game are a plumber Mario and his brother Luigi
Happy Wheels Free Free
Happy Wheels is now available for android divice . Happy Wheels is a side-scrolling, physics-based
Modern combat 4 Zero Hour Free
Modern Combat 4: Zero Hour is a new story line of a popular action game from Gameloft.
Truck Driver 3D Free
Do you like truck games? This truck simulator allows you to drive different kinds of heavy trucks.


text:
Mercury 3.0 TKS engine
Depth sounder add on option
Bimini Top in amazing condition
Sony Radio with satellite radio and remote
Trailer has break away tongue for easy storage
All required safety items included.
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When Huerta was a child she moved to Stockton, California, with her mother and siblings after her parents' divorce. She remained in touch with her father, Juan Fernández, and took pride in his personal and professional development from coal miner to migrant labourer to union activist to an elected representative in the New Mexico state legislature to college graduate. Unlike many women...


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August 23, 2010
CHALMERS A. SIMPSONv.OWNER OF DOLLAR TREE STORE, ET AL.
Pro se Plaintiff Chalmers Simpson brings this action in forma pauperis pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, alleging violations of his civil rights arising from his May 21, 2009 arrest and subsequent state court prosecution for retail theft in case no. CR-2443-2009 (Chester County Ct. of Common Pleas). We initially denied Plaintiff's petition to proceed in forma pauperis and closed this case, because Plaintiff did not file a certified copy of his prisoner account statement for the six-month period prior to the filing of this action. After Plaintiff filed the requisite account statement, we issued an Order notifying Plaintiff that, if his petition were granted, he would still have to pay the $350 filing fee. Simpson v. Owner of Dollar Tree Store, et al., Civ. A. No. 09-6162 (E.D. Pa. Jan. 22, 2010) (order). Our Order gave Plaintiff 20 days to notify the Court whether he wanted to proceed and pay the filing fee. Our Order also warned Plaintiff that this action could be dismissed as frivolous pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2), even if he paid the filing fee. Plaintiff did not notify the Court in a timely manner that he wished to proceed and this case remained closed. Plaintiff has since filed a "Motion to Proceed With Action and Pay Filing Fees." We have conducted the screening of Plaintiff's Complaint required by 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e) and 1915A. For the following reasons we grant Plaintiff's "Motion to Proceed With Action and Pay Filing Fees" and dismiss the Complaint with leave to file an amended complaint against certain Defendants.
Plaintiff is presently incarcerated by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania at the State Correctional Institute at Camp Hill, Pennsylvania. The Complaint asserts claims pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for violations of Plaintiff's constitutional rights arising from his May 21, 2009 arrest and incarceration on one count of retail theft, pursuant to 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann. § 3929(a)(1). (Complaint Part II(2).)*fn1 The Complaint alleges claims against the owner of the Dollar Tree Store located at 400 Commons Drive, West Sadsbury Township, Parkesburg, Pennsylvania (also referred to in the Complaint simply as the "Dollar Tree Store"); store employee Sue Singleton; the Parkesburg Police Department; Parkesburg Police Officers Amber L. Smith and Alan Manning; the Coatesville Police Department; and Coatesville Police Officers MacElroy, "John Doe Officer White," "John Doe Heavier Officer Black," and "John Doe Officer." (Compl. Ex. A.)
The Complaint alleges that, on May 21, 2009, Plaintiff was falsely arrested by Coatesville Police Officers following an illegal traffic stop of a vehicle in which Plaintiff was a passenger. (Compl. Part II(2).) Coatesville Police Officer MacElroy and another officer forced Plaintiff and the driver from the vehicle, threw them against the vehicle, and searched them. (Id.) The Police Officers did not issue any traffic citations to the driver. (Id.) The Police Officers arrested Plaintiff, but refused to show him a copy of the warrant for his arrest. (Id.)
Plaintiff was detained at the Chester County Prison from May 21, 2009 through December 2009 on a false charge of retail theft pursuant to 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann. § 3929(a)(1). (Id.) The complaint underlying Plaintiff's arrest states that Sue Singleton, an employee of the Dollar Tree Store, reported an alleged crime on May 1, 2009. (Id.) Although the police stopped someone in connection with that crime on May 1, 2009, no one was arrested at that time. (Id.) A preliminary hearing was held on June 19, 2009. (Id.) During the hearing, Sue Singleton described the person who committed the theft as an African-American male wearing black pants who was at least 6'2" tall. (Id.) Plaintiff is 5'9" tall. (Id.) The charge against Plaintiff was dismissed on December 2, 2009. (Id.)
The Complaint asserts claims against all Defendants for violation of Plaintiff's Fourth and Fourteenth Amendment rights based on Plaintiff's false arrest, false imprisonment and malicious prosecution. (Compl. ¶ 3 and Part II(2).) Plaintiff seeks monetary damages as follows: $5,000,000 from the Dollar Tree Store; $100,000 from Sue Singleton; $1,000,000 from the Parkesburg Police Department; $100,000 from Police Officer Amber Smith; $100,000 from Police Officer Alan Manning; $1,000,000 from the Coatesville Police Department; $1,000,000 from Police Officer MacElroy; $1,000,000 from "John Doe Officer White;" $1,000,000 from "John Doe Heavier Officer Black;" and $1,000,000 from "John Doe Officer."
Plaintiff is a prisoner of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and seeks redress from governmental entities and officers and employees of governmental entities. We are thus required to review his Complaint, "before docketing, if feasible. . . ." See 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(a). "On review, the court shall identify cognizable claims or dismiss the complaint, or any portion of the complaint, if the complaint -- (1) is frivolous, malicious, or fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted; or (2) seeks monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief."
28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b). Two of the Defendants listed in the Complaint, Sue Singleton and the Dollar Tree Store, are not alleged to be officers or employees of any governmental entity. To the extent that we are not required to screen claims asserted against private citizens pursuant to § 1915A, we are required to perform the same review of claims against non-governmental entities, officials and employees by 28 U.S.C. § 1915, because Plaintiff filed this action in forma pauperis. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2) ("Notwithstanding any filing fee, or any portion thereof, that may have been paid, the court shall dismiss the case at any time if the court determines that . . . (B) the action or appeal --(i) is frivolous or malicious; (ii) fails to state a claim on which relief may be granted; or (iii) seeks monetary relief against a defendant who is immune from such relief.") A claim is frivolous if it is "based on an indisputably meritless legal theory" or its "factual contentions are clearly baseless." Roman v. Jeffes, 904 F.2d 192, 194 (3d Cir. 1990) (citing Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 319, 327-28 (1989)). We review the sufficiency of the pleadings under § 1915(e)(2)(B) and § 1915A using the same standard applicable to a motion to dismiss under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6). See Walker v. Hensley, Civ. A. No. 08-685, 2009 WL 5064357, at *4 (E.D. Pa. Dec. 23, 2009) ("The legal standard for dismissing a complaint for failure to state a claim pursuant to Section 1915(e)(2)(B) and Section 1915A is identical to the legal standard used when ruling on a Rule 12(b)(6) motion." (citing Allah v. Seiverling, 229 F. 3d 220, 223 (3d Cir. 2000), and Tourscher v. McCullough, 184 F.3d 236, 240 (3d Cir. 1999))).
When considering a motion to dismiss pursuant to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6), we look primarily at the facts alleged in the complaint and its attachments. Jordan v. Fox, Rothschild, O'Brien & Frankel, 20 F.3d 1250, 1261 (3d Cir. 1994). We take the factual allegations of the complaint as true and draw all reasonable inferences in favor of the plaintiff. Phillips v. County of Allegheny, 515 F.3d 224, 233 (3d Cir. 2008) (citing Pinker v. Roche Holdings Ltd., 292 F.3d 361, 374 n.7 (3d Cir. 2002)). Legal conclusions, however, receive no deference, and the court is "not bound to accept as true a legal conclusion couched as a factual allegation." Papasan v. Allain, 478 U.S. 265, 286 (1986) (cited with approval in Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 (2007)).
A plaintiff's pleading obligation is to set forth "a short and plain statement of the claim," Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2), which gives the defendant "fair notice of what the . . . claim is and the grounds upon which it rests.'" Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555 (quoting Conley v. Gibson, 355 U.S. 41, 47 (1957)). The "complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.'" Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 1949 (2009) (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 570). "The plausibility standard is not akin to a 'probability requirement.' but it acts for more than a sheer possibility that a defendant has acted unlawfully." Id. (citing Twombly, 550 U.S. at 556). In the end, we will dismiss a complaint if the factual allegations in the complaint are not sufficient "to raise a right to relief above the speculative level." Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555 (citing 5 C. Wright & A. Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 1216, at 1235-36 (3d ed. 2004)).
Plaintiff has brought his claims pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, which provides, in pertinent part, as follows:
Every person who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of any State or Territory or the District of Columbia, subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen of the United States or other person within the jurisdiction thereof to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws, shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit in equity, or other proper proceeding for redress . . . .
42 U.S.C. § 1983. "Section 1983 provides remedies for deprivations of rights established in the Constitution or federal laws. It does not, by its own terms, create substantive rights." Kaucher v. County of Bucks, 455 F.3d 418, 423 (3d Cir. 2006) (footnote omitted) (citing Baker v. McCollan, 443 U.S. 137, 145 n.3 (1979)); see also City of Oklahoma City v. Tuttle, 471 U.S. 808, 816 (1985) (stating that Section 1983 "creates no substantive rights; it merely provides remedies for deprivations of rights established elsewhere" (citing Baker, 443 U.S. at 140, 144 n.3)). Consequently, in order to state a claim for relief pursuant to § 1983, "a plaintiff must demonstrate the defendant, acting under color of state law, deprived him or her of a right secured by the Constitution or the laws of the United States." Kaucher, 455 F.3d at 423 (citing Am. Mfrs. Mut. Ins. Co. v. Sullivan, 526 U.S. 40, 49-50 (1999), and Mark v. Borough of Hatboro, 51 F.3d 1137, 1141 (3d Cir. 1995)).
A. The Dollar Tree and Employee Sue Singleton
The Complaint does not allege that either the Dollar Tree Store or Sue Singleton are government employees, officials, or agents. Private parties may be liable under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 only when they have acted under color of state law:
Although private parties may cause the deprivation of rights, they may only be subjected to liability under § 1983 when they do so under color of state law. Determining whether there has been state action requires an inquiry into whether "there is a sufficiently close nexus between the State and the challenged action so that the challenged action may be fairly treated as that of the State itself."
McCracken v. Ford Motor Co., Civ. A. No. 01-4466, 2001 WL 1526051, at *4 (E.D. Pa. Nov. 27, 2001) (quoting Blum v. Yaretsky, 457 U.S. 991, 1004 (1982), and citing Mark, 51 F.3d at 1141). We use the following test to determine whether a private party has acted under color of state law:
The first question is whether the claimed deprivation has resulted from the exercise of a right or privilege having its source in state authority. The second question is whether, under the facts of this case, respondents, who are private parties, may be appropriately characterized as "state actors." Lugar v. Edmondson Oil Co., 457 U.S. 922, 939 (1982). The Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit has delineated three Lugar sub-tests to determine whether there has been state action: (1) whether the private entity has exercised powers that are traditionally in the exclusive prerogative of the state; (2) whether the private party has acted with the help of or in concert with state officials, and (3) whether the [s]tate has so far insinuated itself into a position of interdependence with the private party that it must be recognized as a joint participant in the challenged activity. Mark v. Borough of Hatboro, 51 F.3d 1137, 1142 (3d Cir. 1995).
Id. at *4 n.8. The Complaint does not allege that Ms. Singleton or the Dollar Tree Store exercised any powers which are traditionally in the exclusive prerogative of the state; that Ms. Singleton or the Dollar Tree Store acted with the help of, or in concert with, state officials; or that Coatesville, Parkesburg, or West Sadsbury Township acted as a joint participant with Ms. Singleton or the Dollar Tree Store. We find, accordingly, that the Complaint does not allege that Ms. Singleton or the Dollar Tree Store acted under color of state law so as to subject them to liability pursuant to § 1983. We conclude that the Complaint thus fails to allege a claim against either Ms. Singleton or the Dollar Tree Store upon which relief may be granted, and they are dismissed as Defendants to this action.
B. The Parkesburg and Coatesville Police Departments
A municipal police department cannot be sued separately from the municipality of which it is a part because it is not a separate independent entity. See DeBellis v. Kulp, 166 F. Supp. 2d 255, 264 (E.D. Pa. 2001) (citations omitted); see also Bonenberger v. Plymouth Twp., 132 F.3d 20, 25 n.4 (3d Cir. 1997) ("[W]e treat the municipality and its police department as a single entity for purposes of section 1983 liability." (citing Colburn v. Upper Darby Twp., 838 F.2d 663, 671 n.7 (3d Cir. 1988))). Therefore, we treat the claims asserted against the Parkesburg and Coatesville Police Departments as though they were asserted against the cities of Parkesburg and Coatesville.
A municipality may only be liable under § 1983 when the alleged constitutional transgression implements or executes a policy, regulation or decision officially adopted by the governing body or informally adopted by custom. Monell v. Dep't of Soc. Servs., 436 U.S. 658, 690-91, 694 (1978). A municipal policy is defined as a "'statement, ordinance, regulation, or decision officially adopted and promulgated by [a local governing] body's officers.'" Simmons v. City of Philadelphia, 947 F.2d 1042, 1059 (3d Cir. 1991) (quoting Monell, 436 U.S. at 690). A municipal custom consists of "'such practices of state officials . . . [as are] so permanent and well settled as to constitute a custom or usage with the force of law.'" Id. (quoting Monell, 436 U.S. at 691).
Once a policy or custom is identified, a plaintiff must establish that the municipality maintained the policy or custom with "deliberate indifference" to the constitutional deprivations that the policy or custom caused. City of Canton v. Harris, 489 U.S. 378, 389 (1989) see also Beck v. City of Pittsburgh, 89 F.3d 966, 972 (3d Cir. 1996) (stating that the "deliberate indifference" standard, though originally created in the context of a "failure to train" claim, has been applied to other claims of municipal liability based on policy or custom). Deliberate indifference may be established by evidence that policymakers were aware of the constitutional deprivations and of the alternatives for preventing them, "but either deliberately choose not to pursue these alternatives or acquiesced in a long-standing policy or custom of inaction in this regard." Simmons, 947 F.2d at 1064 (footnote omitted); see also Bd. of County Comm'rs v. Brown, 520 U.S. 397, 407 (1997) ("If a program does not prevent constitutional violations, municipal decisionmakers may eventually be put on notice that a new program is called for. Their continued adherence to an approach that they know or should know has failed to prevent tortious conduct by employees may establish the conscious disregard for the consequences of their action - the 'deliberate indifference' - necessary to trigger municipal liability." (citing City of Canton, 489 U.S. at 390 n.10)). In addition, a plaintiff must also prove that the municipal policy or custom was "the proximate cause of the injuries suffered." Beck, 89 F.3d at 972 n.6 (citation omitted). The United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit has explained that "[a] sufficiently close causal link between . . . a known but uncorrected custom or usage and a specific violation is established if occurrence of the specific violation was made reasonably probable by permitted continuation of the custom." Bielevicz v. Dubinon, 915 F.2d 845, 851 (3d Cir. 1990) (quotation omitted).
Reading the allegations of this Complaint in the light most favorable to the Plaintiff we find that they do not allege any of the required elements of a Monell claim: (1) a municipal policy or custom that results in constitutional infringement; (2) a widespread pattern of deliberate indifference or a failure to adequately and properly train or supervise Parkesburg or Coatesville police officers; and (3) a resulting denial of Plaintiff's constitutional rights. We conclude, accordingly, that the Complaint fails to state a claim against either Parkesburg or Coatesville upon which relief may be granted and they, as well as their Police Departments, are dismissed as Defendants to this action.
C. The Police Officer Defendants
The remaining Defendants in this case are all police officers. Amber Smith and Alan Manning are alleged to be officers with the Parkesburg Police Department. Officer MacElroy, "John Doe Officer White," "John Doe Heavier Officer Black," and "John Doe Officer" are alleged to be officers with the Coatesville Police Department. The Complaint alleges that Plaintiff was arrested without a warrant on a retail theft charge and imprisoned and prosecuted in connection with that charge, despite the complainant's failure to identify Plaintiff as the individual who committed the retail theft at the Dollar Tree Store on May 1, 2009. However, the Complaint does not allege that Police Officer Smith, Police Officer Manning, "John Doe Officer White," or "John Doe Heavier Officer Black" had any connection to Plaintiff's arrest, imprisonment or incarceration. Indeed, the Complaint does not allege that Plaintiff had any contact with any of these police officers. We conclude, accordingly, that the Complaint fails to state a claim against Police Officer Smith, Police Officer Manning, "John Doe Officer White," or "John Doe Heavier Officer Black" upon which relief may be granted and these individuals are dismissed as Defendants to this action.
The Complaint does allege that Police Officer MacElroy and another police officer, who we assume is "John Doe Officer," arrested Plaintiff without a warrant and, as a result, Plaintiff was imprisoned and prosecuted in violation of his Fourth and Fourteenth Amendment rights. The Fourth Amendment guarantees the right of persons to be secure from "unreasonable searches and seizures" and provides that "no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized." U.S. Const. Amend. IV. In order to state a claim for malicious prosecution in violation of the Fourth Amendment, a plaintiff must allege that:
(1) the defendant initiated a criminal proceeding; (2) the criminal proceeding ended in his favor; (3) the defendant initiated the proceeding without probable cause; (4) the defendant acted maliciously or for a purpose other than bringing the plaintiff to justice; and (5) the plaintiff suffered deprivation of liberty consistent with the concept of seizure as a consequence of a legal proceeding.
Johnson v. Knorr, 477 F.3d 75, 81-82 (3d. Cir. 2007) (footnote omitted) (citing Estate of Smith v. Marasco, 318 F.3d 497, 521 (3d. Cir. 2003)). A claim for false arrest in violation of the Fourth Amendment is different from a malicious prosecution claim in that "'[a] claim for false arrest, unlike a claim for malicious prosecution, covers damages only for the time of detention until the issuance of process or arraignment, and not more.'" Id. (quoting Montgomery v. DeSimone, 159 F.3d 120, 126 (3d Cir. 1998), and citing Heck v. Humphrey, 512 U.S. 477, 484 (1994)). A claim for false imprisonment in violation of the Fourth Amendment is similar to a claim for false arrest, and is "based on the Fourteenth Amendment protection against deprivations of liberty without due process of law." Groman v. Twp. of Manalapan, 47 F.3d 628, 636 (3d Cir. 1995) (citing Baker, 443 U.S. 137); see also Wallace v. Kato, 549 U.S. 384, 388-89 (2007) ("False arrest and false imprisonment overlap; the former is a species of the latter."). Where an individual was arrested without probable cause, he "has a claim under § 1983 for false imprisonment based on a detention pursuant to that arrest." Groman, 47 F.3d at 636 (citing Thomas v. Kippermann, 846 F.2d 1009, 1011 (5th Cir. 1988)).
The Complaint alleges that Plaintiff was arrested without a warrant and that he was imprisoned and prosecuted on false, unsupported charges. The allegations do not state all of the elements for claims for false arrest, false imprisonment, or malicious prosecution under the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments. However, since Plaintiff has alleged some of the facts required to state such claims, we will give Plaintiff the opportunity to file an amended complaint that alleges sufficient facts to state § 1983 claims for false arrest, malicious prosecution, and false imprisonment in violation of the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments against Police Officer MacElroy and "John Doe Officer."*fn2
For the reasons stated above, we conclude that the Complaint fails to allege facts sufficient to state a claim upon which relief may be granted against the Dollar Tree Store, Sue Singleton, the Parkesburg Police Department, the Coatesville Police Department, Police Officer Amber Smith, Police Officer Alan Manning, "John Doe Officer White," and "John Doe Heavier Officer Black." The claims against these Defendants are dismissed with prejudice pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2) and 28 U.S.C. § 1915A and these Defendants are dismissed as Defendants to this action.
Plaintiff's claims of false arrest, malicious prosecution, and false imprisonment in violation of the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments against Police Officer MacElroy and "John Doe Officer" are dismissed without prejudice to Plaintiff filing an amended complaint that alleges facts sufficient to support of all the elements of § 1983 claims against Police Officer MacElroy and "John Doe Officer." Plaintiff may file an amended complaint, asserting claims pursuant to Section 1983 against against Police Officer MacElroy and "John Doe Officer" for false arrest, false imprisonment and malicious prosecution in violation of the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments. The amended complaint may not add any additional claims or assert claims against any other Defendant. Plaintiff must plead specific, separately numbered, fact paragraphs in his amended complaint and the amended complaint should describe, as legibly, clearly and briefly as possible, the specific events or conditions which violated Plaintiff's constitutional rights.
An appropriate Order follows.
John R. Padova, J.
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By Tito Ferradans
I've been into modding my Russian primes lately and ended up with too many mods. So I'm selling sets of them. Lenses are being shipped from Vancouver - BC (Canada). Payment through PayPal only, and shipping is already included in the price.
These were tweaked to fake the anamorphic look (anamorfake) through the addition of an oval aperture disc, a flare thread INSIDE the lens and tinting of various bits and pieces to make them unique. I have two sets. One with polished glass, resulting in less contrast, more bloom and a more diffused look overall, and a non-polished set, in which I didn't alter the original glass for better contrast and color rendition. I'm keeping one of my non-polished sets, so now you know which one is my favorite.
The tint applied is amber, for an endless magic hour.
Since nobody buys weird optics without seeing tests first I took them around the block for another sunset - not as dramatic as the Helios'. Color correction has been kept to a minimum (curves for contrast and boosted up saturation, since I shot at SLog3).
AMBER 3-LENS SET (polished or unpolished)
Photos of the lenses - https://www.flickr.com/photos/ferradans/sets/72157675191311296
Tech specs: Each set consists of three lenses, Mir 1B (37mm f/2.8 - aprox f/4), Helios 44-2 (58mm f/2 - aprox f/2.8) and Jupiter 9 (85mm f/2 - aprox f/2.8). The second aperture values are because of the oval disc inside, which limits maximum light transmission. They all feature 49mm filter threads, non-rotating front element while focusing, clickless (preset) aperture rings. All lenses come with front and rear caps. Focus and iris rings are smooth. Multiple elements and inner parts have amber accents for flaring and tone. All three lenses have oval aperture discs inside (while maintaining fully operational apertures) and inner red flare threads for better anamorfaking. They're natively M42 mount, but come with a rotating M42 to EF adapter so you can realign the oval and flare according to your wishes. Lenses are fitted with seamless focus gears. The Mir 1B has also been modified for a little bit more of close focusing. As for the original lenses, they're all non-MC models with black bodies.
PRICE: USD600 (shipped)
Photos of the lens - https://www.flickr.com/photos/ferradans/albums/72157671783410163
In the process of making these, I came across a VERY GOOD, warm coated Helios 44 (not 44-2) that I modded too.I'm selling this one separately from the other modded Helios 44-2 for a few reasons. First, because this is a Helios 44, predecessor to the 44-2.
Second, mechanical condition. This is the smoothest and nicest feeling Helios I've ever had. I fought the idea of selling it for almost three months, but since I don't use it, it has to go. There's a bit of oil on the blades, but nothing that affects performance.
Third, the golden coatings. While most Helios are either neutral or blue/purple-ish, this one has a strong amber tint. I considered harvesting the glass for a mod, but I also couldn't bring myself to do it as it would be hard to match it with other coatings. Since the coatings are so nice, I didn't polish it at all, or modded its inner parts. All I added was a subtle oval aperture with light orange tint and a light orange (almost beige) streak thread inside, to fake the anamorphic look and give it a colorful spin when light sources are inside the frame. The original aperture still works perfectly.
The lens comes with a M42 to EF adapter and rear cap. The front thread was slightly bent so I jammed a thin 49-52mm step-up ring to fix the issue.
Lastly, another upgrade from the standard mods, this one comes with seamless follow focus gears. Silver to match the lens. These were designed and 3d-printed by myself, and are tightly fit to the lens.
Both front and rear elements have a few marks, but nothing that shows up in the resulting images. Very sharp at maximum aperture - I'm repeating myself - this is one of the best Helios I came across.
It has a more subtle effect and tint, but the images follow the same base as the ones posted above.
PRICE: USD165 (shipped)
LASTLY, if you don't wanna buy one, you can make your own by following my tutorials.
Helios Mod Part 1 - http://www.tferradans.com/blog/?p=8920
Helios Mod Part 2 - http://www.tferradans.com/blog/?p=9379


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Discussion in 'Jokes and Humour' at netrider.net.au started by russ, Jun 3, 2005.
I meant to do that....
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APPEAL from the Circuit Court of Sangamon County; the Hon.
CREEL DOUGLASS, Judge, presiding.
The defendant appeals from a single judgment order entered against the defendant on four jury verdicts of guilty and imposing a single sentence of two to five years. It is the defendant's position that the conduct giving rise to these offenses was based on only two transactions and hence the sentence should be imposed on only two of the offenses and that we should reverse the other two. A short recitation of the facts is necessary to furnish a backdrop for a discussion of the issue proposed.
About 3:30 A.M. on the day in question, the defendant was a passenger in an automobile which the police signaled to pull over to the curb because of a defective tail light. The car took off at a high rate of speed and a chase through Washington Park ensued. It crashed into a tree and the driver escaped on foot. The defendant was found hiding behind a tree and was arrested. The car belonged to a Mrs. Hanselman and had been taken at some time after 9:00 P.M. on the preceding evening. Inside the car was found merchandise belonging to a gift shop in Springfield and keys which did not belong to Mrs. Hanselman. The defendant was charged with five offenses which were (1) burglary of a gift shop; (2) theft of over $150 for jewelry and other items taken from the shop; (3) theft of the Hanselman car with a value of over $150; (4) possession of burglary tools consisting of keys suitable for use in breaking into motor vehicles; and (5) violation of the anti-theft law for possession of the Hanselman car. The jury found the defendant guilty of burglary, theft over $150, possession of burglary tools, and violation of the anti-theft law. The trial court entered judgment on the four verdicts and imposed a sentence of two to five years in the penitentiary in a single judgment order. It is the defendant's position in this court that the only judgments which should be allowed to stand are the burglary conviction and the automobile theft conviction, and that the possession of burglary tools and the violation of the anti-theft statute should be reversed. This record is suggestive of the confusion that has existed in the use of the terms "conduct", "transaction", and "transaction independently motivated or otherwise separable" and like language in the multiple sentencing problem. The defendant here was prosecuted in a single indictment in conformity with Ill. Rev. Stat. 1969, ch. 38, par. 3-3, requiring all known offenses to be prosecuted in a single prosecution.
Since the defendant concedes and this record supports the conviction for the burglary charge, it is correct and the sentence is affirmed. It is likewise our conclusion that the conviction for the theft of the Hanselman automobile must be affirmed on the theory that the theft of that automobile and the burglary of the gift shop were acts taking place at different times and places, and different individuals suffered from the particular acts. The evidence required to prove each was wholly separate and distinct. The theft of the automobile was complete and whether you call it one transaction, one course of conduct or a single act, the proof of burglary requires one type of evidence and the proof of the automobile theft another. Any connection between the two is purely coincidental. They were independently motivated and separable in point of time, place and victim. They did not arise from either identical conduct or a single act. There was no necessary relationship between the two. One had to be completed before the other. The motivation in each was independent and the act or conduct in each was divisible and separate. In People v. Stewart, 45 Ill.2d 310, 259 N.E.2d 24, the aggravated battery charge was found to have occurred during and as a part of an attempted armed robbery and hence was not "independently motivated or otherwise separable". In People v. Leggett, 2 Ill. App.3d 962, 275 N.E.2d 651, the armed robbery and the armed violence charged occurred at the same time, the same place and concerned the same victim, and it would appear from that case that the armed violence was employed in effectuating the armed robbery. In People v. Raby, 40 Ill.2d 392, 240 N.E.2d 595, it was determined that the disorderly conduct charged was completed before the offense of resisting arrest occurred, and that there was no necessary relation between the offenses. In People v. Wilson, 51 Ill.2d 302, 281 N.E.2d 626, the defendant was surprised during an attempted burglary and shot the officer during the course of an arrest. It was contended that consecutive sentences could not be sustained. The court determined that the acts and mental state in the respective offenses were independent and that the conduct as to the offenses were separable. In People v. Harper, 50 Ill.2d 296, 278 N.E.2d 771, where there was a rape followed by a robbery of a single individual at the same time and place, it was held that they constituted separate acts involving different elements. As such they were separate offenses for which concurrent sentences are both constitutionally and statutorily permissible.
In People v. Whittington, 46 Ill.2d 405, 265 N.E.2d 679, the theft of an automobile was regarded by the court as an instrumentality effectuating the escape and escape being the more serious offense, the conviction for the theft was vacated. In short, proof of the theft of the automobile was part and parcel of and related to the escape. In People v. Lerch, 52 Ill.2d 78, 284 N.E.2d 293, the defendant was charged with an attempt to escape and aggravated battery. The court characterized the battery as complete before the attempt to escape was made and noted that the battery was done to effectuate the escape. The thrust of these cases seems to be that the multiple offenses charged arose from and occurred during a single act and that proof of the lesser offense is part and parcel of proof of the greater offense.
We therefore conclude that the judgment and sentence for burglary and the judgment and sentence for the theft of the Hanselman automobile are as a matter of fact and as a matter of law independent acts, separate and distinct, as to time, place and persons affected and accordingly, the conviction and the sentence of two to five years is affirmed. While the possession of burglary tools and the theft of the goods in the gift shop might be characterized either as separate and distinct crimes or part and parcel of the crime with which they were specifically connected, a sentence imposed upon either would appropriately be less than the burglary sentence and accordingly be served before the conclusion of the burglary sentence. This being true, we would regard it as an exercise in judicial futility to reverse and remand this case for that purpose only.
Accordingly, the conviction and sentence for the possession of burglary tools and the theft of the items taken from the gift shop are reversed. The conviction and sentence for burglary and the theft of the Hanselman automobile are affirmed and the cause remanded with directions that the mittimus be modified in accordance with this opinion.
Affirmed in part; reversed in part and remanded.
CRAVEN, P.J., and TRAPP, J., concur.
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Faces of 2013
Church sustains damage in recent storms
Strangers Rest Baptist Church and several homes on Flea Harbor Rd. sustained major damage in storms that passed through the Mid-South Saturday night.
County Board to seek stop gap loan
Supervisors came out of executive session at the end of a two-hour meeting on Dec. 19 and voted to seek a loan in anticipation of property tax collections.
Board president James Dunn announced that officials used the 45 minute closed session to "put plans in place to address issues and limit fallout as related to personnel," based on the county's current financial condition and gaming tax revenues that continue to decline. Dunn then recommended the tax anticipation loan.
Rural county fire protection due to expire
County supervisors failed to renew a contract with the town of Tunica for fire protection for 80 percent of the county last week, but with the current contract expiring December 31, 2013, the Board was expected to revisit the matter at a December19 special meeting.
At the December 12 payroll meeting, newly hired Board attorney Ellis Pittman said he had not seen the proposed new agreement. County administrator Michael Thompson, also newly hired, noted that the current Rural Fire Protection Agreement between the county and the town expires at the end of this month and that a new agreement is needed in order for the town to continue to provide fire protection services.
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I photographed Emess and Czarnobyl while live-painting in summer 2010…


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Concussion Gun
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The weapon of choice for the Galactic Ranger's riot squad, the Concussion Gun fired a shotgun-like blast of devastating titanium pellets that dealed more damage the closer the enemy is. Also good against swarms of enemies, or the occasional galactic riot. The gun did barely anything to tougher enemies, like technomite shock troopers and Ratchet clones.The Concussion Cannon was the upgraded version of the Concussion Gun.
There is a glitch that if you do not have the Concussion Gun when you are in the Medical Outpost Omega and you get it when you do not have all your weapons you will automatically have it.
This glitch doesn't work in the PS2 version.
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2846 Gale Road, Woodland, MN 55391
About the Listing
Estate setting among estates! Huge views of main Lower Lake. Unique opportunity to own lakeshore without the taxes. 85' x 214' lakeshore parcel included with beach house. A very rare opportunity to enjoy, remodel or build! Great room offers wonderful lake views and fireplace. Enjoy summer days on the porch and patio. Large rooms, each bedroom offers private bath. Prime location close to shops, transportation and easy commute. Many possibilities in this fantastic location.
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Property Details for 2846 Gale Road, Woodland, MN 55391
Bedrooms: 3
Bathrooms: 2 Full | 1 Three-Qtr | 1 Half
Lot Size: 2.22 Acres
Lot Dimensions: Irregular - 2 PIDs
Year Built: 1905
Garage Dimensions: 3 car
Garage: Attached Garage
Style: (SF) One Story
Water: Well
Sewer: Private
Square Feet: 3500
Above Ground Sq Ft: 3500
Room Information for 2846 Gale Road, Woodland, MN 55391
Main Floor
Porch: 32x15
Dining Room Description: Living/Dining Room
Family Room Characteristics: Main Level
School Information for 2846 Gale Road, Woodland, MN 55391
School District: Minnetonka
School District Phone: 952-401-5000
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Fireplaces: Yes
Basement: Unfinished
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Lot Description: Irregular Lot, Tree Coverage - Medium
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The room provided was very convenient, it met our expectations.
This hotel is strictly for oldies who would prefer peace & place for meditation. Nice surroundings with open spaces and artificial ponds. You are not allowed to carry your shoes in the room, no TV, no smoking/drinking in the vicinity. Rooms are nicely made, sort of duplex with bed room on the first floor. Mosquito nets are provided because you get only one anti mosquito TIKIYA for a whole night. Rooms are air conditioned, windows are large & offer nice view of surroundings. We didnt dine there as only food offered was vegetarian and that too before 9 PM. Would strongly recommend this hotel for my SAAS-SASUR.
There were two categories of rooms in that hotel and higher categories rooms were situated on the first floor and there was no lift so it was quite inconvenient especially for the senior citizen. Otherwise it was a world class hotel full of all the modern amenities. Eco-luxe Superior room was luxurious and the service was prompt. The food was awesome. The ambiance was also quite fascinating. It was truly a recommendable property.
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1. The garden village is located in an eco friendly environment and is very nicely kept. Living area provides you with a clean environment. It provides you with a total peaceful village location. But it suffers from some serious drawbacks:
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2. The village is not meant for routine business travellers but may suit holidayer interested in some sort of meditation as it has that kind of facility.


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