text:
Assistant Manager -finance & Accounts ( 5 yrs)
Net Ambit Home Options Pvt Ltd
RS1,50,000 To 3,50,000Noida
Maintaining Reimbursementrn-Maintaining MIS reports on employee expensesrn-closure with internal and external auditorsrn-Payment of Statutory dues like PF/ESI/Professional tax etc
Key Skills : accounting,finance,financial management,cost accounting
Vacancy for Chartered Accountant ( 4 - 8 yrs)
Walsh Job Pvt. Ltd
RS8,00,000 To 10,00,000Noida
As discussed, we have immediate two requirements for Chartered Accountant profiles for our Noida Office. Candidates having prior experience of F&A, MIS, Budgeting, Costing, Auditing & Taxation will be preferred. Please send resumes of only th...
Key Skills : chartered accountant,accounts executive,accounts manager,finance executive,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts...
Sales Manager Global Accounts Job ( 8 yrs)
Anant Global Placement Services
RS2,50,000 To 4,00,000Gurgaon, Noida, Delhi
Developing a Customer-account-specific Sales Strategy that is Based On the Customer's Agenda of Issues and Needs. - Managing the Pipeline of Opportunities and Closing It to Final Contract and Engagement. - Undertake Need Assessment and Design Log...
Key Skills : sales manager,accounts manager,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account & finance head,accounts incharge
Accounts & Finance Executive ( 1 - 3 yrs)
K D Groups
RS1,50,000 To 4,00,000North Delhi, South Delhi, West Delhi, Central Delhi, Faridabad, Noida, Delhi
Service tax & Income tax returns Accountant, LCs, enhancing CC limits and experience in VAT, Service Tax, Journal entries, A/R or A/P Note: Accounts & Taxation Practical Training Required
Key Skills : accounts executive,accounts manager,taxation,auditor,finance executive,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account &...
Recruiter Choice
RS1,75,000 To 3,50,000Gurgaon, Noida
We have an urgent opening for "Project Tech , Accounts Profile, Location : Noida and Gurgaon Salary : 1,80,000 - 3,60,000 P.A. Bonus+incentive+cab facility+shuttle Skill : Excellent Comm. Interview Dates: 28th September, 2015 (Monday)
Key Skills : accounts,accounts officer,accounts executive,accounts head,accounts manager,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account & finance...
Not a member as yet ?
Register now to apply to these jobs
Required Am/ Dy. Mgr. Finance ( 2 - 4 yrs)
RS4,00,000 To 5,00,000Noida
Knowledge of Balance sheet audit & Statuary audits & finance & accounts from any manufacturing industry
Key Skills : account executive,accountant,finance management
Ansh Service Management
RS2,00,000 To 3,50,000Noida
Finalization of Accounts, Monthly Mis Reports, Investment Portfolio Management, Income Tax Calculation & Returns, He Should Be Hard Core Accountant, Should have Service Tax & Vat Knowledge, He Should Handle 80% Accounts & 20% Finance.
Key Skills : accounts manager,taxation,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account & finance head,accounts incharge,cost accountancy,budgeting
Chartered Accountant ( 0 - 1 yrs)
K.d Groups
RS2,50,000 To 4,00,000Noida
We are Looking for Some Fresher Female Chartered Accountant for One of a Ca Consultants Firm.
Key Skills : chartered accountant,accounts executive,accounts manager,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account & finance...
Need for Accounts Manager ( 2 yrs)
KVG Enterprises
RS1,00,000 To 2,00,000Noida
Experience in Tally with Additional Knowledge of Excise & Up Vat
Key Skills : accounts manager,accounting,accountant,accounts head,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account & finance head,accounts incharge,cost...
Looking for Accounts Manager ( 3 - 7 yrs)
Ansh Service Management
RS3,50,000 To 5,00,000Greater Noida, Noida
Key Responsibility Areas: •Day to day accounting in Tally ERP 9 •Ensure all statutory compliance. •Good exposure in VAT preferred, calculation & payment across different states •Calculation & payment TDS and Income tax •Managing cash ...
Key Skills : accounts manager,accountant,account executive,account manager,accounts incharge,account assistant,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts...
Service Account Manager ( 5 yrs)
Anant Global Placement Services
RS1,00,000 To 4,00,000Gurgaon, Noida, Delhi
We are Hiring Service Account Manager.
Key Skills : service account manager,accounts manager,accounting,accounts head,accounts incharge,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account &...
Accounts Executive ( 0 - 1 yrs)
Ecentric Hr Solutions
RS1,25,000 To 1,50,000Gurgaon, Noida
Accenture (MNC) Hiring B.Com, Freshers, Accounts Executive, Commerce graduates with good communication skills and accounting knowledge, Shifts: Rotational, Cab Facility Available (Pick up and drop)
Key Skills : commerce graduates with good communication skills and accounting knowledge,freshers,accounts officer,accounts executive,accounts head,accounts...
Accountant with Xero Software ( 3 - 6 yrs)
RS5,00,000 To 9,00,000Noida, NSEZ
Role: handling Australian accounting process Skills Required - Must have experience in working on Xero - Must have experience/training in GST - Excellent Comm. Skills
Key Skills : accountant,accounts executive,accounts manager,taxation,auditor,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account & finance...
Required Account Manager for US Staffing ( 1 - 2 yrs)
Technocraft Solutions
RS2,00,000 To 6,00,000Noida
Position : Account Manager Remote work opportunity (Will prefer candidates from Delhi-NCR) Job Description: - Looking for someone who has at least 2-3 years experience in Account Management and Client Relationship Management - Strong experience...
Key Skills : accounts manager,business development,client relationship manager,accounting,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account & finance...
Hiring Senior Accountant ( 3 yrs)
Chemico Processing
RS2,00,000 To 3,50,000Noida
- Must have Vast Knowledge of Busy Accounts Package. - Must have Knowledge of Using Pay Roll Software. - Must have Knowledge of Tds / Sales Tax Returns. - Preparation of Trail Balance / Reconciling Entries. - Must Be Proficient in English. sal...
Key Skills : accounting,tds,sales,tax,taxation,tax returns,senior accountant,accounts executive,accounts officer,accounts incharge,head corporate...
JOB in Banks And MNC ( Fresher)
Career24x7 Consultant
RS2,50,000 To 4,00,000North Delhi, South Delhi, East Delhi, West Delhi, Central Delhi, Faridabad, Gurgaon, Sonipat, Ghaziabad, Noida
Post Graduate Diploma in Finance And Accounts India's first Finance & Accounts program with in-built joint certification on SAP modules by SAP and Us: - Comprehensive coverage of Finance & Accounts in line with Accounts Standards. - Elabor...
Key Skills : accounts executive,accounting,finance,tally,cost accounting
Paam Eatables Ltd
RS1,50,000 To 2,50,000Noida, Delhi
We are Looking for Accountant
Key Skills : accountant,accounts executive,account assistant,accounts officer,accounts manager,chartered accountant,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts...
Sales Manager Global Accounts Job ( 8 yrs)
Anant Global Placement Services
RS1,50,000 To 4,50,000Gurgaon, Noida, Delhi
Developing a Customer-account-specific Sales Strategy that is Based On the Customer's Agenda of Issues and Needs. - Managing the Pipeline of Opportunities Amp; Closing It to Final Contract and Engagement. - Undertake Need Assessment & Design ...
Key Skills : Sales Manager,Marketing Manager,Finance Manager
Recruitment Account Manager ( 1 yrs)
AB Group Consultancy
RS5,00,000 To 10,00,000Noida
We are looking for individuals with a technical bent of mind. Proven track record of achieving aggressive targets Demonstrated ability to understand and explain channel sales knowledge of IT or staff Augmentation Excellent communication and inter...
Key Skills : accounts manager,accountant,accounts officer,senior accountant,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account & finance head,accounts...
Accounts Executive ( 1 - 7 yrs)
Samarth Jobs Management Consultants
RS2,00,000 To 4,25,000Ghaziabad, Greater Noida, Noida
Preparation of Monthly Mis Reports and Evaluating Them for Facilitating Decision Making Process. preparing & Maintaining Statutory Books of Accounts and Reconciliation of Financial Statements in Compliance with Norms as Well as Ensuring Smooth Opera...
Key Skills : tds,compliance,statutory books,mis reports,accounts executive,finance executive,accountant
Chartered Accountant ( 0 - 1 yrs)
ARGShreeradhe Services
RS2,25,000 To 4,00,000Noida
we are looking for Chartered Accountant ..
Key Skills : account knowledge,fresher also apply,chartered accountant,accountant,accounts executive,accounts manager,taxation,auditor,head corporate...
Executive Accounts ( 0 - 1 yrs)
RS1,00,000 To 1,50,000Noida
Follow up with existing clients regarding reports & payments. Send mailers, maintain complete database & reports Book keeping of receivables & payables
Key Skills : executive accounts,accounts assistant,accounts associate,accounts executive,accounts clerk,accounts manager,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts...
Space Consultant
RS6,00,000 To 8,00,000Noida
Job Designation : Manager-accounts company Profile : Real Estate Developer place of Joining : Noida no. of Vacancies : 1 qualification : B.com , M.com , Ca Inter experience : 6-8 Years shift Timing : 9:30 am to 6 Pm salary Package : 6-8 Lacs ...
Key Skills : accounts manager,accounting,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account & finance head,accounts incharge,cost accouting
Financial Analyst Online ( Fresher)
Anant Global Placement Services
RS50,000 To 1,00,000Hyderabad, Gurgaon, Bangalore, Mumbai, Pune, Thane, Chennai, Noida, Kolkata, Delhi
Looking for Financial Analyst Online.
Key Skills : Financial Analyst,Finance Executive,Accounts Executive
Chief Finance Officer ( 15 yrs)
Unnati Fortune Holdings Ltd.
RS1,75,000 To 4,00,000Noida
Strategic planning and policy formulation including financial & commercial evaluation of business opportunities, diversification & preparation of project & feasibility report. Highest dealing with financial institutions, banks, private equit...
Key Skills : finance executive,accountant,auditor,company secretary,chief finance officer,vendor development,taxation,accounts...
Project Manager Testing ( 8 - 12 yrs)
A Square Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
RS12,00,000 To 15,00,000Bangalore, Noida
Looking for Testing PM someone who can handle multiple projects, team management, client and account management with excellent communication both verbal and spoken skills Should be from hardcore manual and automation background. Ideally mix of bo...
Key Skills : testing project manager,project manager testing,accounts manager,head corporate accounts,zonal accounts head,account &...
Eqs Placements Pvt. Ltd.
RS1,50,000 To 4,25,000Noida
Positions are Open for the People Who have a Good Knowledge & Experience in the Accounts.
Key Skills : accounts executive,finance executive,accounting


text:
If you are looking to buy, sell, rent or let in central London, we will achieve the result you need.
Search riverside properties to buy or rent, and read our riverside area guide and blogs
Completely London
2 properties to rent were found
in the following location:
Price range £0 to No Max
Bedrooms Studio to 8+
Show results with these options displayed only:
SHORT LET: A stunning eight bedroom house that has recently been refurbished to a high standard benefits from an indoor pool, a roof terrace and a 50 foot rear garden.
From the first phone call we made to the last part of this sale we have been treated with complete honesty and respect.
Debbie and Steve P - Seller
It's been a joy to work with you and I have found you most supportive at some difficult lows along the way to the high of today.
Alan B - Landlord
I must admit I did think that finding a good and honest estate agent was pretty much a myth but you have proved me wrong and I wouldn't hesitate to recommend you to anyone and everyone.
Rebecca S - Landlord
Thank you so much for your proactive service. I am very pleased and would recommend you to anyone. I will definitely be thinking about using you again for your professional approach.
Siva M - Landlord
It has been a pleasure to work with a such proactive, constructive, intelligent, informed and highly efficient company, and you have made our role of absentee landlords manageable. Thank you for your industry and commitment.
Polly I - Landlord
Read more testimonials
Leave a review
Please leave your feedback below. For complaints, please contact firstname.lastname@example.com
*Required fields
We use cookies to give you the best possible online experience. If you continue, we'll assume you are happy for your web browser to receive all cookies from our website. See our privacy policy for more information on cookies and how to manage them.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|Property type
|Minimum Stay
|3 - 10 nights
Enjoy this beautiful, extra large 1 bedroom, 2 bath tropically furnished condominium, with a wide lanai overlooking the blue Pacific Ocean. Situated on the third floor of a quality landscaped complex within walking distance of Kailua Village, swimming beaches, and all the amenities. A generous pool, sumptuous cabana and fully equipped barbecue area are great for relaxing or entertaining.
Palms shade the lanai, and breeze from the overhead fans keeps things very comfortable inside, but air-conditioning is still available if needed. The living room serves as main gathering area with plenty of seating, an entertainment center and a dining table. Our full kitchen comes with all the usual appliances and gadgets, and is usually stocked with most of the basics. For comfort, we have two full, separate baths, one with Jacuzzi tub. For sleeping, we have one king size and one twin size beds in the master bedroom, a foldout futon in the living room, a twin size bed and a foldout futon on the lanai, and two foldaway beds in the closet.
I am a semi-retired civil engineer who is active in Rotary. This photo was taken of me at the head of the Nile River in Uganda while volunteering for a humanitarian project.
Peter (Pita) Boucher purchased this condo in 1999
While working in Kona years ago, the company rented several units for our engineers and inspectors to stay in while working on a large project. I got to know the complex very well and fell in love with the atmosphere.
My wife and I love to bring our children over from Hilo to Kona when possible to relax at the condo. We especially enjoy grilling fresh fish and veggies while enjoying a glass of wine between splashes in the pool.
We enjoyed our stay there a lot. Good location, walking distance from much of the activities in Kona. We appreciated having things like laundry detergent, aluminum foil, some condiments in the refrigerator and spices in the cupboards, that weren't provided by other places we've stayed.
There's a new Jacuzzi that wasn't quite ready for use when we were there, but the installation is almost certainly finished by the time you're reading this.
We had a very nice time at this condo. Had everything you could think of to make you feel like home. It was nice to have the beach toys to use.
We really enjoyed our stay at this property. It was everything we expected in it. We had no problems at any step from booking the unit through our visit. It is a good size unit with plenty of room to spread out. Having a washer and dryer in the unit was a big plus. We had most of our meals on the big lanai where we enjoyed the company of the resident gecko. The pool area is one of the nicest we have seen. In addition, the location is great. It is an easy walk to Alii Dr. and all the restaurants and shops. As well, it is well located for exploring the Kona coast by car. We made good use of the beach and snorkeling equipment provided. We would definitely recommend this condo to family, friends, and anyone looking for a place in Kailua-Kona.
Amazingly quiet and remote feeling to the place even though it is a short walk to all of the activity in Kailua-Kona. We loved our stay.
The location is impeccable, it was within a 10-30 minute drive to a couple of beach parks, Safeway, Target, Walmart, plus a super short walk to local restaurants (try out Jackie Rey's) and bars. The kitchen and Lanai were perfect for cooking and enjoying breakfast, washer and dryer were very convenient for us (especially under that tropical humidity). It was very cool indoors with the windows opened and ceiling fan on, but the A/C also worked great. It was a very well-equipped condo with garage parking and the pool was great as well, rarely see people swimming there so you pretty much have the pool all to yourself! Would definitely stay here again.
We had a great stay in this roomy, one bedroom condo. It is in a great location in the fun and busy seaside area of Kailua-Kona - within easy walking distance of many restaurants and interesting shops. The condo is clean and bright. It has a kitchen with lots of gear to enable you to cook your own meals and pack a lunch for trips to the nearby beaches or for longer adventures. The lanai is lovely and is accessible from both the bedroom and the living room - it is a great spot to relax and read or to have a meal. The pool is large and well-maintained. The owner was great with communications and kindly answered questions and shared ideas and tips when asked. We used the condo as a base for exploring - it was a great spot to come home to to relax after a great day spent at the beach or discovering the culture and natural beauty of the Big Island. We would happily recommend this spot to others and stay again ourselves!
Hawaii, the Big Island, is an island still being created before your very eyes as volcanos bubble and spew forth red-hot lava into the sea. Here, 11 of the 13 climates of the world can be found. Scenery changes here every few miles from lush rain forests, to barren black lava fields, to snow capped peaks.
Nestled at the bottom of the Hualalai Volcano, is the village of Kailua-Kona. This charming town mixes numerous historical sites with modern tourist attractions. Restaurants, shops, and hotels abound. Sunsets viewed from the seawall are almost always spectacular.
|Rate Period
|Weekend Night
|Monthly *
Peak 16-17
Dec 1 2016 - Mar 31 2017
7 night minimum stay
Ironman 2017
Oct 1 2017 - Oct 21 2017
10 night minimum stay
Peak 17-18
Dec 1 2017 - Mar 31 2018
7 night minimum stay
My Standard Rate
3 night minimum stay
|Notes: Rates are based on 2 guests; add $20 per night, per additional guest
|Cleaning Fee
|$120 + Tax
|Property Damage Protection
|Tax Rate
Discounts available for kamaaina, return guests, and last minute openings.
* Approximate monthly rate. Actual rate will depend on the days of the month you stay.


text:
LINDENHURST - Police say two men are recovering this morning after a car crash in Lindenhurst.
According to police, an SUV crashed into a car that was stopped at a light on Sunrise Highway and Straight Path just before 8:30 p.m.
Both drivers suffered head injuries but they are expected to survive.
No charges have been filed.


text:
Home /
Our Sources / About Us
/ FAQs /
Advanced Search
Not what you're
looking for? Try an advanced search.
Official citation and/or docket number and footnotes (if any) for this case available with purchase.
Learn more about what you receive with purchase of this case.
United States District Court, C.D. California, Western Division
April 20, 2015
ERNIE GONZALEZ, Petitioner,v.MONTGOMERY, Warden, Respondent.
DOUGLAS F. McCORMICK, Magistrate Judge.
This Final Report and Recommendation is submitted to the Honorable James V. Selna, United States District Judge, pursuant to the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 636 and General Order 05-07 of the United States District Court for the Central District of California.[1]
A. Procedural History
A Los Angeles County Superior Court jury convicted Petitioner Eddie Gonzalez of one count of first degree murder and one count of attempted first degree murder. Supplemental Clerk's Transcript ("Supp. CT") 256-57. The jury also found true the allegations that Petitioner committed the offenses for the benefit of a criminal street gang and that Petitioner personally and intentionally discharged a firearm that caused great bodily injury or death. Id. The trial court sentenced Petitioner to an indeterminate term of 50 years to life, plus an additional consecutive life term, plus a consecutive indeterminate term of 25 years to life in state prison. Supp. CT 268-72.
Petitioner filed a direct appeal. The California Court of Appeal affirmed the judgment in a reasoned decision on the merits. Respondent's Notice of Lodging, Lodged Document ("LD") 4. Petitioner filed a petition for review in the California Supreme Court, which was summarily denied. LD 6.
On March 10, 2014, Petitioner filed a Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus in this Court, which raised four grounds for relief. Dkt. 1 ("Petition"); Dkt. 2 ("Petition Attachment"). On March 31, 2014, Petitioner withdrew his third and fourth grounds for relief. Dkt. 8. Accordingly, the Petition raises two claims for relief: (1) a claim that Petitioner's right to due process was violated by the trial court's admission of testimony by a gang expert regarding prior incidents of inter-gang violence ("Ground One"); and (2) Petitioner's Sixth Amendment right to confrontation was violated by admission of hearsay evidence as a basis for the gang expert's testimony ("Ground Two"). Petition at 6; Petition Attachment at 1-14.[2] Respondent filed an answer to the Petition. Dkt. 23 ("Answer"). Petitioner did not file a reply.
B. Summary of the Evidence Presented at Trial
The underlying facts are taken from the unpublished opinion of the California Court of Appeal.[3] Unless rebutted by clear and convincing evidence, these facts are presumed correct. Tilcock v. Budge , 538 F.3d 1138, 1141 (9th Cir. 2008); 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (e)(1). Petitioner has not attempted to overcome the presumption with respect to the underlying events.
Little Valley is a criminal street gang operating in East Los Angeles. Bonifacio Marcelo testified that when he was 13 years old, he was a member of Little Valley. His sister, Griselda Marcelo, was not a member of Little Valley.
Bonifacio testified that he lived with his parents and Griselda and that their residence was within Little Valley's territory. When Bonifacio was 19 years old, he decided that he no longer wanted to be a member of Little Valley, but to leave Little Valley he needed to obtain permission from the well-respected members of the gang. Bonifacio never obtained that permission, and he moved to Las Vegas for approximately three years. Around April 2008, Bonifacio moved back to Los Angeles and lived with his parents and Griselda again.
Bonifacio testified that he was familiar with high-ranking members of Little Valley. On October 16, 2008, Bonifacio spoke to "Nani, " a "vetereno" and the oldest member of Little Valley. Nani asked Bonifacio if Bonifacio knew of a person who sold guns because Nani needed one for his nephew, Jaimez, because Jaimez had just been released from jail. Bonifacio responded that he did not know where to buy a gun. Bonifacio did not know that it was a sign of disrespect to say no to a veteran, and he was not trying to disrespect Nani when he responded.
Bonifacio testified that Jaimez was a member of Little Valley and that his moniker was "Vago." Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department Detective Ignacio Lugo, the prosecution's gang expert, testified that Petitioner was a "shot caller" (one who dictates certain activities) and a high-ranking, well-respected member of Little Valley, and his moniker was "Big Sneaks." Petitioner had several gang-related tattoos, including "LV" tattooed on his chest and "Eastside" tattooed on his stomach.
Bonifacio testified that on October 17, 2008, at approximately 12:00 noon, Bonifacio and Griselda left their home together. About 20 minutes later, they met some of Griselda's friends at the intersection of Eastman Avenue and Princeton Street, and a white Toyota and a red Intrepid were driven by them. After Griselda finished talking with her friends, Bonifacio and Griselda began walking again. The white Toyota and a red Intrepid returned and passed by them again. Griselda pointed to the driver of the white Toyota and said, "Look. There's homie Vago." The white Toyota and a red Intrepid made a u-turn, drove toward Bonifacio and Griselda again, and stopped. Bonifacio saw Jaimez, who was driving the Toyota, and Petitioner, who was in the passenger seat of the Toyota.
Bonifacio testified that Petitioner asked him, "Where you from?" and pulled out a chrome colored revolver. Bonifacio replied, "No where" [sic].
Detective Lugo testified that when a gang member asks another member, "where you from?, " the other gang member is expected to claim his gang. The question Petitioner asked Bonifacio means, "Are you loyal to [Little Valley]?" If the other gang member responds "nowhere, " it is "very disrespectful." A person telling a gang member that he is no longer part of the gang may be considered more disrespectful than just moving out of the neighborhood. If a person states that he is no longer part of the gang, the gang would retaliate against him, including the person being physically assaulted, shot, or killed.
Bonifacio testified that in response to his stating, "No where" [sic]. Petitioner stated, "Fuck Little Valley" and started shooting. Bonifacio ran behind a truck but he was shot in the left leg. Griselda fell to the ground. Los Angeles County Coroner's Office Medical Examiner Ajay Panchal testified that Griselda sustained two fatal gunshot wounds. Bonifacio testified that the Toyota and Intrepid were driven away immediately after the shootings.
Bonifacio testified that sheriff's deputies arrived at the scene of the shootings, but Bonifacio "didn't say anything" to them about the shooting because he feared further retaliation if he did so. Once Bonifacio learned that Griselda had died, he told the police what had occurred. Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department Detective James Charles testified that a murder weapon was never found.
Detective Lugo testified that Little Valley was a "traditional" gang that has existed for approximately 60 years and has approximately 100 members. A gang's territory is the gang's "heart;" it is "what they fight for... and what they'll kill for." Little Valley's territory is bordered by Indiana Street to the west, Whittier Boulevard to the south, Downey Road to the east, and Interstate 5 to the north. In order to establish their territory, a gang must commit crimes within that territory. This creates an atmosphere of fear and intimidation, and dissuades witnesses of crimes from reporting the crimes and testifying in court. The primary activities of Little Valley include tagging, automobile thefts, narcotic sales, transportation of narcotics, burglaries, transportation of weapons, extortions, kidnapping, assaults, drive-by shootings, attempted murders, and murders.
Certified court orders of two cases in which Ilene Munoz and Jose Viera were named as defendants were introduced to establish that they had been convicted in about March 2008 of assault with a deadly weapon or assault by means likely to produce great bodily injury. Detective Lugo testified that Munoz and Viera were Little Valley gang members at the time they committed the crime. Detective Lugo did not state how he knew Munoz was a gang member, but he said that the basis for his information that Viera was a gang member was that "other detectives that handled the case" had "mentioned" it.
The prosecutor asked Detective Lugo to assume, hypothetically, facts closely tracking the evidence concerning the shootings of Bonifacio and Griselda. Based on those facts, Detective Lugo opined that the shootings would have been committed for the benefit of, at the direction of, and in association with a criminal street gang, and would have been an effort to promote, further, or assist criminal conduct by gang members. Detective Lugo stated that the basis for his opinion was, inter alia, that a gang considers it "wrong" for someone like Bonifacio, who disassociated himself from a gang without permission, to "just show back up" in the gang's territory. It is disrespectful for someone like Bonifacio, a former low-level gang member, to refuse to attempt to procure a firearm for a well-respected gang member. When the person is asked by a gang member, "Where are you from, " and responds, "nowhere, " the person like Bonifacio is essentially communicating to the gang member that the person "turn[ed] his back" to the gang and is "basically telling the gang to fuck off." A shooting under the circumstances reinforces the fear and intimidation within the community. When a gang member kills another member of that gang-i.e., when the gang is "cleaning house, " thereby "tightening up the ship"-all of the other members of that gang "are going to know either you're in or you're out, " and members of rival gangs will know that the killing gang is "serious." The shootings of Bonifacio and Griselda occurred in or near Little Valley's territory.
LD 4 at 3-7.
Petitioner's claims are subject to the provisions of the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act ("AEDPA"). Under AEDPA, federal courts may grant habeas relief to a state prisoner "with respect to any claim that was adjudicated on the merits in State court proceedings" only if that adjudication:
(1) resulted in a decision that was contrary to, or involved an unreasonable application of, clearly established Federal law, as determined by the Supreme Court of the United States; or (2) resulted in a decision that was based on an unreasonable determination of the facts in light of the evidence presented in the State court proceeding.
28 U.S.C. § 2254(d).
Overall, AEDPA presents "a formidable barrier to federal habeas relief for prisoners whose claims have been adjudicated in state court." Burt v. Titlow, ___ U.S. ___ , 134 S.Ct. 10, 16 (2013). AEDPA presents "a difficult to meet and highly deferential standard for evaluating state-court rulings, which demands that state-court decisions be given the benefit of the doubt." Cullen v. Pinholster, ___ U.S. ___ , 131 S.Ct. 1388, 1398 (2011) (quotations omitted). The prisoner bears the burden to show that the state court's decision "was so lacking in justification that there was an error well understood and comprehended in existing law beyond any possibility for fairminded disagreement." Harrington v. Richter , 562 U.S. 86, 103 (2011). In other words, a state-court "determination that a claim lacks merit precludes federal habeas relief so long as fairminded jurists could disagree on the correctness" of that ruling. Id. at 101. Federal habeas corpus review therefore serves as "a guard against extreme malfunctions in the state criminal justice systems, not a substitute for ordinary error correction through appeal." Id. at 102-03 (internal quotation omitted).
Here, Petitioner raised his claims on direct appeal and those claims were denied by the California Court of Appeal in a reasoned decision. See LD 4. These claims were then presented in Petitioner's petition for review, which the California Supreme Court summarily denied. See LD 5. Thus, for purposes of applying the AEDPA standard of review, the California Court of Appeal decision on direct appeal constitutes the relevant state court adjudication on the merits for the claims presented in Grounds One and Two. See Johnson v. Williams, ___ U.S. ___ , 133 S.Ct. 1088, 1094 n.1 (2013) (noting that federal habeas court "look[s] through" summary denial of claim to last reasoned decision from state courts to address the claim).
A. Gang Expert Testimony
In Ground One, Petitioner contends that his right to due process was violated when the trial court allowed the gang expert, Detective Lugo, to testify about five prior incidents in which a Little Valley gang member shot another Little Valley member. Petitioner argues that this testimony was irrelevant, cumulative, and more prejudicial than probative. Petition at 6; Petition Attachment at 3-9.
1. Factual Background
The California Court of Appeal described the factual background of this claim as follows:
Petitioner filed a motion to exclude expert testimony about the five prior gang-related shootings on the grounds that, inter alia, the evidence was irrelevant, and it was substantially more prejudicial than probative under Evidence Code section 352. The trial court denied the motion, stating, "I [will] not allow specifics of the prior shootings, but the fact that there were prior shootings, [and] they are not going to be connected to either [Petitioner or Jaimez], but that there were just, in general, prior shootings of Little Valley on Little Valley." The trial court then granted the request of Petitioner's counsel to ask the prosecutor's gang expert whether anyone had ever been arrested, tried or convicted for any of the prior shootings without it "opening the door" to the specifics about the prior shootings, stating, "I think that's reasonable."
At trial, Detective Lugo testified that when a gang member kills a member of his own gang, it is sometimes called "cleaning house" or "tightening up the ship." One reason to "clean house" is to discipline a disloyal member. Detective Lugo testified that if a person "disappear[s] from the gang without... getting permission in the modern way of doing things, and [that person] start[s] showing up, and they suspect you of doing things against the gang, [that person] would be considered disloyal, disrespectful. [That person] is not following orders. [That person does not] want to pick up where [that person] left off for the gang."
Detective Lugo testified that Little Valley "cleaned house" in 2001, involving two high-ranking gang members, June 2005, July 2005, November 2005, and December 2006. There was an arrest and conviction for the incident that occurred in 2001, and during the trial regarding that incident a Little Valley gang member testified against another Little Valley gang member. No one had ever been prosecuted for or convicted of the other four incidents. Detective Lugo was the lead investigator concerning some of those incidents and he ran into "problems with getting people to cooperate in court." Detective Lugo and other gang investigators in east Los Angeles have used the phrases "in-house cleaning" or "cleaning house" with one another concerning Little Valley.
After the introduction of evidence, the trial court instructed the jury under CALCRIM No. 1403, modified, as follows: "You may consider evidence of gang activity only for the limited purpose of deciding whether: [¶] The defendant acted with the intent, purpose and knowledge that are required to prove the gang-related crimes and enhancements charged; [¶] or the defendant had a motive to commit the crimes charged. [¶] You may also consider this evidence when you evaluate the credibility or believability of a witness and when you consider the facts and information relied on by an expert witness in reaching his or her opinion. [¶] You may not consider this evidence for any other purpose. You may not conclude from this evidence that the defendant is a person of bad character or that he has a disposition to commit crime."
During closing argument, Petitioner's counsel argued that the shootings of Bonifacio and Marcelo were not Little Valley "in-house shootings, " but rather were committed by a rival gang member.
LD 4 at 13-15.
2. Decision of the California Court of Appeal
The state appellate court rejected Petitioner's claim:
Contrary to Petitioner's contention, the evidence of Little Valley's prior "in-house shootings" was relevant to establish that the attempted murder of Bonifacio was gang related and that Petitioner had a motive to commit the crimes charged-i.e., to discipline a member for leaving the gang without permission.
Petitioner contends that the evidence was irrelevant because it was unknown who committed the prior Little Valley shootings or the reason they occurred. Detective Lugo, however, testified that the persons who committed the prior Little Valley shootings were Little Valley gang members. Detective Lugo was the lead investigator concerning some of the incidents of Little Valley cleaning house. Detective Lugo testified that when a gang member kills a member of his own gang, it is sometimes called "cleaning house, " and he and other gang investigators had used the phrases "cleaning house" and "in-house cleaning" with one another concerning Little Valley.
Detective Lugo also testified about the reasons that the incidents of cleaning house occur-to discipline a disloyal member. He testified that they occur when a person "disappear[s] from the gang without... getting permission in the modern way of doing things, and [that person] start[s] showing up, and they suspect you of doing things against the gang, [that person] would be considered disloyal, disrespectful. [That person] is not following orders. [That person does not] want to pick up where [that person] left off for the gang."
Petitioner contends that the evidence was substantially more prejudicial than probative. "Relevant evidence may nonetheless be excluded under Evidence Code section 352 at the trial court's discretion if its probative value is substantially outweighed by the probability that its admission will... create substantial danger of undue prejudice, of confusing the issues, or of misleading the jury.'... ( People v. Ledesma (2006) 39 Cal.4th 641 , 701.)" ( People v. Richardson (2008) 43 Cal.4th 959 , 1000-1001.) "The "prejudice" referred to in Evidence Code section 352 applies to evidence which uniquely tends to evoke an emotional bias against the defendant as an individual and which has very little effect on the issues. In applying section 352, "prejudicial" is not synonymous with "damaging.'" [Citation.]" ( People v. Karis (1988) 46 Cal.3d 612 , 638; see People v. Kipp (2001) 26 Cal.4th 1100 , 1121.)
Petitioner contends that the evidence was prejudicial because "the testimony on the prior unresolved murders amounted to guilt by association.... Undoubtedly, the jury made the connection that not only was [Petitioner] violent, but he was probably somehow involved in the prior unsolved murders." The jury, however, was instructed that the evidence of gang activity was admitted for the limited purpose of proving the gang enhancement and to show motive, and that it could not be considered for any other purpose, including as character evidence. We presume the jury followed the trial court's instructions. ( People v. Avila (2009) 46 Cal.4th 680 , 719; People v. Bennett (2009) 45 Cal.4th 577 , 596; People v. Johnson (2009) 180 Cal.App.4th 702 , 710.) It is almost an "invariable assumption of the law that jurors follow their instructions.' [Citation.] [We] presume that jurors, conscious of the gravity of their task, attend closely the particular language of the trial court's instructions in a criminal case and strive to understand, make sense of, and follow the instructions given them.' [Citation.]" (United States v. Olano (1993) 180 Cal.App.4th 702, 740.)
Petitioner contends that the evidence of Little Valley's "in-house shootings" was cumulative to Detective Lugo's testimony "that gang members could be disciplined or killed for many different reasons, " including for leaving the gang without permission, and disrespecting a higher ranking gang member. Evidence of the incidents of Little Valley cleaning house was not cumulative, warranting exclusion. Petitioner's defense was that the shootings of Bonifacio and Marcelo were not "in-house shootings, " but rather were committed by a rival gang member. Evidence of Petitioner's motive to commit the crimes, therefore, was essential to the prosecution's case against him. In addition, the introduction of the contested evidence did not involve an undue consumption of time because the trial court precluded the prosecutor from eliciting testimony about the specifics of the prior Little Valley intra-gang shootings, while allowing Petitioner's counsel to ask the prosecutor's gang expert whether anyone had ever been arrested, tried or convicted for any of the prior shootings without it "opening the door" to the specifics about the prior shootings.
"Evidence that is identical in subject matter to other evidence should not be excluded as "cumulative" when it has greater evidentiary weight or probative value.' ( People v. Mattson (1990) 50 Cal.3d 826 , 871 [268 Cal.Rptr. 802, 789 P.2d 983].)" ( People v. Filson (1994) 22 Cal.App.4th 1841 , 1851, overruled on other grounds as stated in People v. Martinez (1995) 11 Cal.4th 434 , 452.) Evidence of actual instances of Little Valley's cleaning house has greater evidentiary weight and probative value than Detective Lugo's testimony that gang members "could" be disciplined or killed. Accordingly, the trial court did [not] err in admitting the evidence.
LD 4 at 15-18.[4]
3. Analysis
A state court's misapplication of state evidentiary law or of its own precedent, in and of itself, is not a basis for federal habeas relief. Estelle v. McGuire , 502 U.S. 62, 67-68 (1991) ("[W]e reemphasize that it is not the province of a federal habeas court to reexamine state-court determinations on state-law questions."); Lincoln v. Sunn , 807 F.2d 805, 816 (9th Cir. 1987) ("Incorrect state court evidentiary rulings cannot serve as a basis for habeas relief unless federal constitutional rights are affected."). Thus, to the extent that Petitioner contends that the trial court's admission of Detective Lugo's testimony regarding prior intra-gang murders committed by Little Valley members violated California state evidentiary law, he fails to state a cognizable claim for federal habeas relief. Furthermore, this Court is bound by the California Court of Appeal's conclusion that the trial court did not err in ruling the evidence admissible under California Evidence Code § 352. See Bradshaw v. Richey , 546 U.S. 74, 76 (2005) (reiterating that state court's interpretation of state law, including one announced on direct appeal of the challenged conviction, binds a federal court on habeas review).
Generally, a state court's decision to admit specific evidence is not subject to federal habeas review unless the evidentiary ruling violates federal law or deprives the defendant of a fundamentally fair trial. Estelle , 502 U.S. at 75 (finding federal habeas relief inappropriate where admission of evidence was not so unfair as to result in a denial of due process); Dowling v. United States , 493 U.S. 342, 352 (1990) (analyzing "whether the introduction of this type of evidence is so extremely unfair that its admission violates fundamental conceptions of justice'" (citation omitted)). The Ninth Circuit has noted that a habeas petitioner bears a "heavy burden" in demonstrating a due process violation on the basis of a state court's evidentiary decision, as he must show that there were "no permissible inferences" the jury could draw from the challenged evidence. Boyde v. Brown , 404 F.3d 1159, 1172 (9th Cir. 2005).
Although Petitioner argues that the admission of evidence of five prior murders of Little Valley gang members by other Little Valley members violated his federal due process rights, there is no clearly established Supreme Court law mandating exclusion of this type of evidence by a gang expert. Accordingly, the state appellate court could not have unreasonably applied clearly established federal law when it rejected Petitioner's claim on direct appeal. See Holley v. Yarborough , 568 F.3d 1091, 1101 (9th Cir. 2009) ("Although the Court has been clear that a writ should be issued when constitutional errors have rendered the trial fundamentally unfair, it has not yet made a clear ruling that admission of irrelevant or overtly prejudicial evidence constitutes a due process violation sufficient to warrant issuance of the writ.") (citation omitted); see also Mejia v. Garcia , 534 F.3d 1036, 1046 (9th Cir. 2008) (holding that state trial court's admission of propensity evidence did not clearly established federal law); Alberni v. McDaniel , 458 F.3d 860, 866-67 (9th Cir. 2006) (same).
Moreover, because there were permissible inferences which could be drawn from the evidence, it cannot be said that its admission rendered Petitioner's trial so "fundamentally unfair" as to violate due process. See Holley , 568 F.3d at 1101. Here, the evidence regarding the intra-gang murders of Little Valley members was relevant to prove the gang-related sentencing enhancement, as well as to explain Petitioner's motive in shooting a fellow Little Valley member, which was to discipline Bonifacio for leaving the gang without permission. See Windham v Merkle , 163 F.3d 1092, 1103-04 (9th Cir. 1998) (admission of testimony regarding gang involvement did not violate defendant's due process rights because the evidence was relevant to establish the defendant's motive in committing the charged offenses).
In addition, the jury was specifically instructed that it could consider this evidence only for the purposes of deciding whether the shooting was gang-related and to establish Petitioner's motive, and that it could not consider the testimony as evidence of Petitioner's bad character. 12 Reporter's Transcript ("RT") 7927-28; Supp. CT 249-50. A jury is presumed to follow its instructions when reaching a verdict. See Weeks v. Angelone , 528 U.S. 225, 234 (2000).
Finally, even if the Court assumes that the trial court's ruling was clearly contrary to or an unreasonable application of Supreme Court precedent, such an error justifies relief "only if the error had a substantial and injurious effect or influence in determining the jury verdict.'" Stark v. Hickman , 455 F.3d 1070, 1072 (9th Cir. 2006) (quoting Penry v. Johnson , 532 U.S. 782, 795 (2001)); see also Brecht v. Abramson , 507 U.S. 619, 637 (1993). Such a showing is not made where the evidence of guilt is, "if not overwhelming, certainly weighty" and "other circumstantial evidence... also point[s] to petitioner's guilt." Brecht , 507 U.S. at 639.
Here, it cannot be said that any alleged error had a substantial and injurious effect or influence on the jury's verdict. Bonifacio testified that he knew Petitioner as a fellow Little Valley gang member before the murder occurred and that he was able to clearly view Petitioner during the shooting. 10 RT 7368, 7380-89. Shortly after the shooting, Bonifacio told police, "I know who shot my sister. It was Big Sneaks." 9 RT 6988-90, 7000-02; 10 RT 7409-14. Petitioner's gang moniker was "Big Sneaks." 10 RT 7251-52. Bonifacio also identified Petitioner's picture from a photographic lineup. 9 RT 6988-93. Finally, Bonifacio positively identified Petitioner as the shooter at trial. 10 RT 742-21, 7448, 7457. In addition, Detective Lugo's testimony about the in-house shootings was brief, consisting of only three transcript pages, and Detective Lugo did not testify as to the details. 10 RT 7267-69. Accordingly, given the weighty evidence of Petitioner's guilt and the fact that the evidence of the prior Little Valley shootings was minimized at trial, any alleged error in admitting this evidence did not have a substantial and injurious effect on the jury's verdict. Habeas relief is not warranted on this claim.
B. Confrontation Clause
In Ground Two, Petitioner contends that his Sixth Amendment right to confrontation was violated when Detective Lugo was allowed to base his opinions on inadmissible testimonial hearsay. Specifically, Petitioner argues that the Confrontation Clause barred admission of Detective Lugo's testimony regarding the five intra-gang shootings, his testimony about Little Valley's "primary activities, " and his opinion that Ilene Munoz and Jose Viera were Little Valley gang members at the time they committed an assault. Petition at 6; Petition Attachment at 10-15.
1. Decision of the California Court of Appeal
The state appellate court determined that Petitioner forfeited this argument because defense counsel did not object to Detective Lugo's testimony on the basis that it violated the Confrontation Clause. LD 4 at 18-20. However, the appellate court also rejected the claim on the merits:
Relying primarily on Crawford v. Washington (2004) 541 U.S. 36 (Crawford) , Petitioner contends that the trial court violated his right to confrontation under the Sixth Amendment by allowing Detective Lugo, in his expert testimony, to rely on inadmissible hearsay statements of others. We disagree.
Even if Petitioner had objected that his right to confrontation was violated, in view of the applicable opinions, which, as we note, cannot be applied to the issue here with any certainty, and the state of the record, we conclude there was not a sufficient showing of a violation. The confrontation clause of the Sixth Amendment provides: "In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right... to be confronted with the witnesses against him." The United States Supreme Court held in Crawford, supra , 541 U.S. 36 at pp. 53-54 that the confrontation clause "bars admission of testimonial statements of a witness who did not appear at trial unless he was unavailable to testify, and the defendant had had a prior opportunity for cross-examination.'" ( Davis v. Washington (2006) 547 U.S. 813 , 821.)
Although Petitioner contends that his constitutional right to confrontation was violated when Detective Lugo testified about Little Valley's primary criminal activities, that Munoz was a Little Valley gang member at the time she committed the crime of assault, and that "in-house shootings" occurred between Little Valley Gang members, Petitioner does not identify the person or persons he contends he had a right to confront, nor does he specify the out-of-court statements upon which Detective Lugo purportedly based his testimony and upon which Petitioner relies. Petitioner concedes that "the specific source of [Detective Lugo's] information" about Little Valley's primary criminal activities "is unclear, " he "did not state how he knew [that Munoz] was a gang member, " and "it is not clear from Detective Lugo's testimony the source of his information regarding" the Little Valley "in-house shootings." Similarly, Petitioner contends that his right to confrontation was violated when Detective Lugo testified that he was familiar with the facts of the assault committed by Munoz and Viera on about March 18, 2008, because he "spoke to the investigator, " but neither Petitioner nor the record identify the investigator, the investigator's statements, or the circumstances under which the investigator's statements were made. Based on the record, we cannot say that Detective Lugo's testimony that was purportedly based on certain unspecified out-of-court statements made by unspecified sources violates Petitioner's right to confrontation.
Petitioner also contends that his constitutional right to confrontation was violated when certified court orders of two cases in which Munoz and Veira were named as defendants were introduced into evidence to establish that they had been convicted of assault with a deadly weapon or assault by means likely to produce great bodily injury. Petitioner, however, did not establish that the certified court documents served as a basis for Detective Lugo's testimony. Detective Lugo merely testified that he is aware of the convictions of Munoz and Veira, but he did not state the basis of his awareness. In addition, assuming Detective Lugo did rely on these certified court documents in testifying, Petitioner's right of confrontation was not violated because the documents were certified court records, and there is no legitimate basis upon which Petitioner may cross-examine the person who prepared them.
As noted above, the United States Supreme Court held in Crawford, supra , 541 U.S. 36 at pp. 53-54 that the confrontation clause bars the admission of testimonial statements of an out-of-court witness who defendant was not permitted to cross-examine, but "[t]he Crawford court did not define the term testimonial, ' and the United States Supreme Court has still not agreed upon a definition." ( People v. Holmes (2012) 212 Cal.App.4th 431 , 437.) "Although the high court has not agreed on a definition of testimonial, ' testimonial out-of-court statements have two critical components. First, to be testimonial, the statement must be made with some degree of formality or solemnity. Second, the statement is testimonial only if its primary purpose pertains in some fashion to a criminal prosecution." ( People v. Dungo (2012) 55 Cal.4th 608 , 619; People v. Lopez (2012) 55 Cal.4th 569 , 581-582.) "It is now settled in California that a statement is not testimonial unless both criteria are met." ( People v. Holmes, supra , 212 Cal.App.4th at p. 438.)
Petitioner contends that his right to confrontation was violated when Detective Lugo testified that Viera was a Little Valley gang member at the time he committed the crime of assault because Detective Lugo said that the basis for his information was that "other detectives that handled the case" had "mentioned" it. The record does not establish the circumstances under which the other detectives "mentioned"-whether directly to Detective Lugo, overheard by him, or otherwise-that Viera was a Little Valley gang member. Petitioner did not establish any requisite degree of formality or solemnity of the out-of-court "statement" made by the other detectives. "[T]o be testimonial the out-of-court statement must have been made with some degree of formality or solemnity. (See Crawford, supra , 541 U.S. at p. 51 [An accuser who makes a formal statement to government officers bears testimony...']; Melendez-Diaz, supra, 557 U.S. at p. 310 [stressing that each of the laboratory certificates determined to be testimonial was a "solemn declaration or affirmation'"']; Bullcoming, supra, 564 U.S. ___ [131 S.Ct. at p. 2717] [the laboratory certificate found to be testimonial was "formalized" in a signed document... referring to... rules' that made the document admissible in court (citation omitted) ]...." ( People v. Lopez, supra , 55 Cal.4th at p. 582.) We conclude, therefore, based on the record, that the detective having "mentioned" that Viera was a gang member was not testimonial and Petitioner's constitutional right to confrontation was not violated. Because we conclude that Petitioner did not establish any requisite degree of formality or solemnity of the out-of-court "statement, " we do not reach the issue of whether its primary purpose pertained "in some fashion to a criminal prosecution." ( People v. Dungo, supra , 55 Cal.4th at p. 619 [a statement is testimonial only if both criteria are met].)
LD 4 at 20-23.
2. Analysis
As an initial matter, Respondent argues that Plaintiff's Confrontation Clause claim is procedurally defaulted because the California Court of Appeal found that Petitioner had waived the claim by failing to raise it in the first instance in the trial court. See Answer at 22-24. Because the merits of this claim can be easily resolved against Petitioner, the Court declines to address this procedural default argument in the interests of judicial economy. See Lambrix v. Singletary , 520 U.S. 518, 525 (1997).
The Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment provides that "[i]n all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right... to be confronted with the witnesses against him." U.S. Const. amend. VI. This "bedrock procedural guarantee" is applicable in both federal and state prosecutions. Crawford v. Washington , 541 U.S. 36, 42 (2004). "The central concern of the Confrontation Clause is to ensure the reliability of the evidence against a criminal defendant by subjecting it to rigorous testing in the context of an adversary proceeding before the trier of fact." Maryland v. Craig , 497 U.S. 836, 845 (1990). The Confrontation Clause therefore prohibits the admission of an out-of-court testimonial statement at a criminal trial unless the witness is unavailable to testify and the defendant had a prior opportunity for cross examination. Crawford , 541 U.S. at 59.
Recently, the Supreme Court reiterated that "[u]nder settled evidence law, an expert may express an opinion that is based on facts that the expert assumes, but does not know, to be true." Williams v. Illinois, ___ U.S. ___ , 132 S.Ct. 2221, 2228 (2012). Out-of-court statements that are related by the expert solely for the purpose of explaining the assumptions on which the expert's opinion rests, "are not offered for their truth and thus fall outside the scope of the Confrontation Clause." Id. Moreover, an out-of-court statement is testimonial only if it has "the primary purpose of accusing a targeted individual of engaging in criminal conduct" and, usually, it involves a "formalized statement[ ], such as affidavits, depositions, prior testimony, or confessions." Id. at 2242.
Detective Lugo testified that he acquired his knowledge and information about gangs from his work as a gang investigator. Detective Lugo stated that he formed his opinion in part by speaking with gang members on the street and in custody, and had spoken with "a couple of thousand [gang members] over the last 25 years." 10 RT 7220-21. More relevant here, Detective Lugo testified that, from 1999 to 2006, Little Valley was his "assigned gang" and he had spoken with approximately 50 to 60 of its members. 10 RT 7239. Detective Lugo also stated that he based his expert opinion on information gathered from speaking with other law enforcement officers about various gangs, and by attending training and educational programs in which gang investigators share information. 10 RT 7216, 7218-19.
Petitioner's Sixth Amendment right to confrontation was not violated. The hearsay statements Petitioner complains of - that Munoz and Viera were Little Valley members when they committed various assaults and the fact that five previous murders of Little Valley gang members were committed by other Little Valley members - were not admitted for the truth of the matters asserted, but rather were relied upon by Detective Lugo in formulating his expert opinion that the charged crimes were committed for the benefit of the Little Valley gang. Numerous cases decided since Crawford have held that the introduction of otherwise admissible evidence in support of a gang expert witness's testimony does not violate the Confrontation Clause. See, e.g., United States v. Palacios , 677 F.3d 234, 243-44 (4th Cir. 2012) (holding that gang expert's testimony on interviews with gang members and interactions with other law enforcement officers who specialize in gangs did not violate the Confrontation Clause); Alejandre v. Brazelton, No. 11-4803, 2013 WL 1729775, at *10-11 (N.D. Cal. Apr. 22, 2013) (holding that gang expert's testimony concerning the meaning of defendant's tattoos based in part on hearsay statements from undisclosed gang members did not violate the Confrontation Clause); Cason v. Hedgepeth, No. 08-4576 , 2009 WL 1096209, at *14 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 22, 2009) (holding that gang expert's testimony premised on hearsay statements about a witness's gang membership did not violate Crawford because hearsay statements were not admitted for the truth of the matter asserted but rather to support the expert's opinion that the witness was a gang member).
Furthermore, the various out-of-court statements made by gang members and law enforcement officers which were relied upon by Detective Lugo in forming his expert opinion were non-testimonial in nature because "the primary purpose" of these hearsay statements "was not to accuse Petitioner or to create evidence for use at trial." See Williams , 132 S.Ct. at 2243. There is no indication that Detective Lugo obtained these statements as part of a specific investigation or for the purpose of proving a fact for possible use in a future trial. Nor does it appear that Detective Lugo reduced any of these hearsay communications into written "formalized statements, " such as affidavits, depositions, prior testimony, or confessions." Id. at 2242. Accordingly, Petitioner's Sixth Amendment confrontation rights were not violated by Detective Lugo's testimony, and Petitioner is therefore not entitled to habeas relief on this claim.
It therefore is recommended that the District Court issue an Order: (1) accepting this Report and Recommendation; and (2) directing that Judgment be entered denying the Petition and dismissing this action with prejudice.
Our website includes the main text of the court's opinion but does not include the
docket number, case citation or footnotes. Upon purchase, docket numbers and/or
citations allow you to research a case further or to use a case in a legal proceeding.
Footnotes (if any) include details of the court's decision.
Official citation and/or docket number and footnotes (if any) for this case available with purchase.
Learn more about what you receive with purchase of this case.
LRC, Inc. About Us


text:
THIS IS A DIRECTORY PAGE. Britannica does not currently have an article on this topic.
Learn about this topic in these articles:
invention by Shay
American inventor of the so-called Shay type of geared steam locomotive, widely used in the Americas, Australia, and East Asia on logging and mining railroads and in other circumstances requiring relatively small locomotives to move heavy trains at low speeds over rough terrain.


text:
Watch ICU: Ghost College of Fine Arts (2008) Free Online
ICU: Ghost College of Fine Arts
IMDB Link:
Rating: N/A/10 (N/A votes)
Director: Theeratorn Siriphunvaraporn
Writer: N/A
Stars: Kachapa Toncharoen, Thana 'Oil' Suthikamorn
Runtime: N/A
Rated: N/A
Year: 2008
Genre: Comedy
Quality: HD
Language: Thai
Released: 10 Apr 2008
|Plot: The scariest thing in the world for Trirong is ghost, but he was given a gift to see ghosts. When Trirong starts working as a teacher in an art university, he encounters two mischievous ghosts who enjoy bullying and haunting people around the university. Later, after getting used to the life with ghosts, Trirong has to team up with the two ghosts helping Ladda, a lady ghost who's searching for her lost boyfriend whom she believes his spirit resides in an oil color portrait.
Promoted Content
Watch ICU: Ghost College of Fine Arts (2008) - Alternative Servers
|Version 2
|Version 3
|Version 4


text: Baby for Victoria 4.2 Posted by agata | May 26, 2012 Posted in Character Tagged V4.2 Baby is beautiful and young freckled beauty with a gorgeous face and body shapes. Her skin is simply amazing and it has a hue that conforms with any render setting and lighting. This file has been sent by the user Desert Rat (US), thank him for it. Bella Linda for V4-A4-G4 Astrid for Laura3 Related posts: Laflia Tyrneamitore Exp 03 Hrist The Valkyrie by Road of Heroes Exnem's Luciana Character for V4/Morphs++ Ice Queen Elin for V4 VH Mala for Victoria 4.2 & Genesis Amaris for Victoria 4.2 Bella Lively & Nightshade


text: Teletalk 9tk 9GB data offer, Tetetalk again introducing Closed SIM offer with 9Tk 9GB internet offer and also enjoy lowest call rate for all prepaid user only. So let's open your Teletalk closed SIM and enjoy more. * How to check Teletalk closed SIM offer? – Type "Your Number" and send to 112 to check eligibility. 9TK 9GB Internet Offer ... Read More »


text:
Comment this
Make sure your text complies with our rules
Today, when I visited my daughter's apartment that she moved into about 3 months ago, I found out that she buys new underwear every time she runs out instead of washing her dirty ones. Her dirty ones have their own special hamper. FML
by grossed out mom / 07/08/2015 at 9:29am / Canada (Ontario) / Kids
Make sure your text complies with our rules


text:
Baird Capital to raise $150 million for fourth fund
Baird Capital, a division of Milwaukee-based Robert W. Baird & Co., plans to raise $150 million for a fourth fund, according to a filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
The new fund would be called Baird Venture Partners IV LP, according to the documents, which were filed with the SEC on Friday. »Read Full Article


text:
Price: high > low
Cats for Sale in 02122(1 - 15 of 1,423)
$1,200 HadesScottish Fold · Boston, MA… has stunning blue/green eyes with a mink grey coat. He is very playful and has beautifully folded ears.Farah ·2 weeks ago on GoKitty(registration req.)Tools
- XTools
- Hades for $1,200
- Respond
- Stop Fraud
- Report
- Learn More
$900 Himalayan Flame Lynx-point kittenHimalayan · Middleboro, MAOffering an adorable Flame-lynx-point Himalayan Male kitten . CFA Reg . Excellent quality. Beautiful blue eyes, fluffy coat, Loveable & p...Lisa D. · 1 week ago
$900 Persian & Himalayan KittensPersian · Middleboro, MAOffering ....Gorgeous CFA Registered Purebred Persian & Himalayan kittens of most colors.... excellent quality. Very playful and loveable...Lisa D. · 4 weeks ago
$800 Exotic shorthair and GagrollExotic · Boston, MAmy phone number is 617xxx955xxx--x 9892. if you are interesting just text me to know more details
$800 Ragroll and Exotic shorthairExotic · Boston, MAthey are all male and if you are interesting, text me 617,955,.XXXX
$800 catEast Cambridge, MAI have three cats, two exotic and one ragdoll. my phone number is 617955XXXX. text me if you are interesting.
$700 Exotic shorthair kittensExotic · Franklin, MA2 females, born Sept 12th and ready to go. CFA reg,happy,healthy,sweet and social. Vet checked,shots. Can be sold with breeding rights @ ...Jackie M. · 2 weeks ago
$650 JHFHFGHD Friendly Persian kittens ready for salePersian · East Cambridge, MA… . text or call at (667) x 401 x 2794 for more info and picsChristel Y. · 4 weeks ago
$650 JHFJFH Beautiful Sphinx kittens available for saleEast Cambridge, MA… . text or call at (667) x 401 x 2794 for more info and picsChristel Y. · 4 weeks ago
$600 xbcbxheaslpk Finnest Maine coon kittens for saleMaine Coon · Salem, NH… contact me at (218)xx 382 xx 5914 for more detailsPatrickr M. · 3 days ago
$600 dskghkhgcg Maine Coon Kitten For SaleMaine Coon · Providence, RI… .TEXT ME AT (972) 559 x 4522 FOR FAST RESPOND"Hufowo S. · 1 week ago
$600 asdczndvndfjkh highly intelligent, maine coon kittens for saleMaine Coon · Braintree, MAasdczndvndfjkh highly intelligent,highly intelligent, fearless, and spontaneous.maine coon kittens for sale contact us now at (218)xx 382...Amanda R. · 1 week ago
$600 jjdfjHJFHHD Supper Sphynx Kitten Now Ready to come homeSphynx · Worcester, MA… . Interested persons should just Text me at 404 c594 c2942Aresta R. · 2 weeks ago
$500 vdfgsdfvgdfhgdxv Perfect Russian blue kitten for saleRussian Blue · Melrose, MA… . Contact us via text at # (385) x x 645 x x x 5801 for picsPopcyzandeh K. ·4 listings · 1 day ago
$500 dfdxvfgfhszgfh Home Train Persian kitten now for salePersian · Melrose, MA… . Contact us via text at # (385) x x 645 x x x 5801 for picsPopcyzandeh K. ·4 listings · 1 day ago
Listings on Oodle Marketplace Ann Arbor Cats | Boston Cats | Charleston Cats | Charlotte Cats | Chicago Cats | Cleveland Cats | Knoxville Cats | Lancaster Cats | Louisville Cats | Miami Cats | Nashville Cats | Newark Cats | Pittsburgh Cats | Portland Cats | Springfield Cats. Find used cars, used motorcycles, used RVs, used boats, apartments for rent, homes for sale, job listings, and local businesses on Oodle Marketplace.
Safety Tips
Safety Tips
- Meet the seller and pet in person
- Don't wire money or take advance payments.
- Only pay for shipping if you know the seller.
To learn more, visit the Safety Center. Report suspicious listings by clicking on .


text:
Covers the SCO v. IBM and Linux case.
Covers global developments in labor and employment law. By Greenberg Traurig.
Direito Publico: constitucional, administrativo, ambiental e tributario.
Discusses the Nevada Supreme Court and criminal law in Nevada. By JoNell Thomas.
Covers safety and personal injury news.
The Official JD Admissions Blog at Harvard Law School.
Anaylsis, comments and thoughts on health care legal, regulatory and compliance issues, HIPAA privacy & security, stark & fraud, and technology. By Bob Coffield of Flaherty, Sensabaugh & Bonasso PLLC.
By Tom Mayo.
Edited by Katharine Van Tassel, Jennifer S. Bard, Leslie Francis, Nicole Huberfeld, Mary Munson, David Orentlicher, Frank Pasquale, Nicolas P. Terry and Vickie Williams.
Discusses employee benefit issues for group health plans. Covers ERISA, third party administrators, insurance brokers and agent, legal planning and risk management. By Roy F. Harmon III.
Covers new developments in health care law and policy. By David Harlow.
KZSU-FM (Stanford) Tech/Law Talk Show. Hosted by Dave Levine.
Covers hedge fund laws and starting a hedge fund.
Covers Florida consumer law. By Taras Rudnitsky.
Covers Hepatitis A news, legal cases and resources. By Marler Clark.
Covers social security and veterans disability law.
Focuses on how the entertainment and media industries are impacted and influenced by the law. From The Hollywood Reporter.
Covers condo hotels, finance, land use, management agreements, and outlooks and trends. By Jim Butler of Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP.
Covers Texas criminal law. By Madrid, Martinez & Associates.
Observations on developments in law, business, medicine, culture, sports, and other matters of general interest to the Houston business, professional, and academic communities. Published by Houston attorney Tom Kirkendall.
Covers appellate litigation. By Howard J. Bashman.
Covers human resources and other workforce management, compensation and employee benefits laws, policies and practices. By Solutions Law Press.
Covers California employment laws. By the California Chamber of Commerce.
Covers Irish and international human rights law.
Covers human rights, free speech, death penalty, LGBT rights, refugees and torture. From Amnesty International.
Features research tips and law library news. From the Howard W. Hunter Law Library at the J. Reuben Clark Law School.
Analyzes and covers developments in employment and labor issues. By Hunton & Williams.
Offers news and information for intellectual property practitioners. By William F. Heinze.
Covers British Columbia injury claims the the Insurance Corporation of British Columbia. By Eric Magraken.
Exploring the use of technology for conflict transformation, focusing on the use of information communications technology (ICT) for peacebuilding. From Sanjana Hattotuwa.
Covers news releases and other items of interest. By the Idaho State Police.
Law practice information and ideas. From Stephanie West Allen of Allen & Nichols Production.
By Professor David Friedman.
Covers recent developments affecting business law. From the University of Illinois College of Law.
Covers Federal Tort Claims Act, Injuries to Minors and Children, Land Owner Liability, Motor Vehicle Accidents, Products Liability, and Toxic Torts. By Levin & Perconti.
Covers medical malpractice cases, news and issues with a focus on Illinois. From Levin & Perconti.
Covers Illinois nursing homes and information for nursing home residents, family members, ombudsmen, resident advocates, elder law attorneys and nursing home staff. By Levin & Perconti.
Covers immigration law topics. By Chris Gafner.
Covers immigration news and laws. By Jacob J. Sapochnick.
By Kevin R. Johnson, Bill O. Hing and Rose Cuison Villazor.
Covers current legal trends, collecting for the largest law library in the world, a British perspective, a perspective from New Zealand, legislative developments in THOMAS, and cultural intelligence and the law.
Covers client communications, client service, billing, and more. By Patrick Lamb.
Faculty news from Berkeley Law.
Covers corporate counsel best practices. By the Association of Corporate Counsel.
Covers company law in India. By Durga Rao.


text:
Join Now
Member Log in
Follow TradersCity
TradersCity Twitter
TradersCity Facebook
Trade Leads
Suppliers wanted
Agents wanted
Joint Ventures
Submit Quick Buy/Import Lead
Trade Services
B2B Directories
Products Category
Members Directory
Business Cards
Products Photos
B2B Videos
Country Targeted Leads
Trade Connections
B2B Marketplace Chat
Weekly Newsletter
Free Trade Alerts
Free B2B Magazines
Free B2B Magazines:
Weekly Trade News
Search Data
Contact Us
Privacy Policy
Terms & Conditions
Copyright Infringement Information (DMCA)
Contact TradersCity
Hello visitor from
visiting from
17 China
13 France
1 India
1 Ireland
1 Israel
1 Japan
1 Europe
1 Singapore
This Month's Highlights:
(China): Print Labels, Stickers, Tags, Epoxy Resin Stickers
(China): Shipping Rates From China, Air Freight Rate From China, Ocean Freight Quote, Shipping Cost, Shipping Price, Freight Quote
Building Materials Market Reports Package 2009
Posted at: International Trade Publications | Posted on: Tue 07 Jul, 2009 7:02 am |
Building Reports Photos Catalog
Building Reports Package 2009
Product Category
Building Reports
Photos Catalog
Building Reports
Business Cards
Building Reports
Members Directory
Building Reports
Building Reports
email alerts
International Trade Publications
Free Business Magazines
Building Materials Market Reports are composed of two parts.
First one provides overview of country
business environment, including
- General characteristic of the country
- Brief economic overview
The second is fully devoted to building materials market research in appointed country.
The report package splits up market into 6 separate sectors according to their application field:
* Structural Building Materials
* Construction Site Supplies
* Pipes and Fittings
* Construction Stone
* Finishing materials
* Special Building Materials
Each report focuses on research of one specific group of building materials in the country and features key market players: producers, wholesaler and retail trade companies for each item, operating in the country, evaluates structure and dynamics of country's foreign trade within the sector in the recent three years. It also lists main consumers within the sector and provides purchase activity monitoring.
Building materials market reports include latest market data updated in respect to current economic situation.
In addition to the market reports, daily purchase activity monitoring service is available. The new service provides all possible buying leads and purchase offers in selected product groups of building materials and regions and therefore economize your time and money. The service is provided on regular basis and is sent 2-3 times a week.
Each report is elaborated with detailed business profile for country selected. The business profile includes in-depth analysis of macroeconomic situation and investment climate, covers common business procedures in the country: from starting a project to closing a business, elucidates the country's fiscal system, existing labour practices and other issues vital for running business in this country.
Company Contact:
Contact Name: Mrs. Martin
Company Name: Td The Market Publishers Ltd
Tel: +44 208 144 6009 or 44 (20) 8123 2220
Fax: +44 (20) 7900-3970
Street Address: Central House, 582-586
Kingsbury Road, Birmingham B24 9ND,
United Kingdom
Member name: MarketPublishers
Member Since: 07 April 2009
Total Leads:
37 MarketPublishers Import Export Business Leads
Business focus: Market Researches, Reports, Analytical Information
Safe Import Export Tips
Similar Suppliers And Manufacturers Import Export Trade Leads
Fertilizers Reports Package 2009
- By MarketPublishers - On Fri 10 Apr, 2009 8:47 am: reports integrate accurate data on their production consumption trade prices future market trends and forecasts are provided for the markets menti....
Petrochemicals Olefins Reports Package 2009
- By MarketPublishers - On Fri 10 Apr, 2009 9:24 am: reports integrate accurate data on these hydrocarbons capacities production consumption trade prices producers and suppliers of olefins are inclu....
Inorganic Chemicals Reports Package 2009
- By MarketPublishers - On Fri 10 Apr, 2009 8:34 am: reports package presents thorough analytical study of inorganic chemicals markets worldwide the researches explore world regional and countries mark....
Polymers, Rubbers And Resins Reports Package 2009
- By MarketPublishers - On Fri 10 Apr, 2009 8:29 am: reports integrate accurate data on these polymers rubbers amp amp resins capacities production consumption trade prices producers and supplier....
Alcohols, Acids And Esters Reports Package 2009
- By MarketPublishers - On Fri 10 Apr, 2009 9:21 am: building blocks this reports package presents thorough analytical study of world markets for alkohols acids and esters the researches ex-plore glob....
Industry Business Reports 2009
- By MarketPublishers - On Tue 07 Jul, 2009 7:10 am: 2009 assists a strategy group and the management team specialists in making correct decisions as how to penetrate a country market and how to catch th....
World And Countries Trade Reports And Forecasts 2009
- By MarketPublishers - On Tue 07 Jul, 2009 7:13 am: reports amp amp forecasts 2009 are of considerable interest primarily to relevant strategic planners senior company officials and importers exporte....
Structural Building Materials Market In Canada Business Report 2009
- By MarketPublishers - On Fri 04 Dec, 2009 3:46 pm: building materials market in canada the report starts with giving brief country profile for canada including general information and main economi....
Import Export Startup Stories
Share Your Story & Get Listed
at StartImportExport.com
Alfa Sourcing International Co Ltd
: Nancy Of Alfa Sourcing International Helping Provide Purchasing Expertise And Services From China
Export2Asia Group Limited
: Marcus Sohlberg Of Export2Asia Group Limited From United Kingdom
Mag Makina imalat
: Mustafa Yildiz Of Mag Makina Imalat From Turkey For Marine, Automotive And Heavy Equipment Parts
Stonevic Granite And Marble Manufacturing
: Donny Chen Of StoneVic Granite and Marble From China
TradersCity.com shall not be held liable for any user posted/submitted content including but not limited to trade leads, profiles, images, and any other data. TradersCity.com does not and did not verify any of users posted/submitted data nor is implicitly or explicitly recommending these business offers. TradersCity does not verify truthfulness, accuracy, completeness, nor legality of any businesses, services, and leads posted here. TradersCity does not represent Sellers or Buyers in any transaction between users of the website and is unable to make any opinion in regard to their performance in any transaction. TradersCity neither guarantees nor undertakes in any dispute between sellers and buyers. Protect your business from fraud by
trading safely


text:
The items have been added to your wishlist
The item has been removed from your wishlist
Please sign in to add item into wishlist!
This product already exists in your wishlist
Inc.5 Beige Wedge Heel Sandals
Out of stock but not out of luck! Add it to your wishlist and we'll try to get it to you soon.
Sold by
Fulfilled by
|Fulfilled by:
Delivery options
Enter your pincode to see your available delivery options
Express Shipping
Home Delivery
Click and CollectBuy online, collect in-store
Please sign in to send email!
Mail The Product Link
- Refined and elegant, these beige wedge heel sandals from Inc.5 are poised to become a next must-have in your collection. Styled with chic wedge heels and a broad strap finished with a light sheen, the sandals are bordered with a fine gold trim. Team with your ethnic sets.
- Sole Material - Resin Sheet
- Heel Type - Platform
- Color Family - Beige
- Upper Material - Manmade Leather
- Product Listing Id :MP000000000192491
- An order, once placed, can be cancelled until the seller processes it.
- This product can be returned within 0 day(s) of delivery, subject to the Return Policy.
- For any other queries, do reach out to CliQ Care at 1800 208 8282 or email@example.com


text:
- Product Details
Win her heart all over again with this Personalised Love Hearts Heart Tray - Large.
Imagine her face when she receives these nostalgic sweets as a gift on the morning of her wedding, or to celebrate a special anniversary. She'll be even more surprised as she finishes them and finds the message on the large personalised wooden tray underneath.
Add a greeting of 28 characters, her name which can be 20 characters, and a message of up to 56 characters, to turn the box into a treasured keepsake. Filled with approximately 45 Love Hearts Rolls.
Measures: 210x170mm
- Delivery & Returns
We are aware of how important it is for you to receive your gifts in time. Therefore, once you place your order we will process straight away and dispatch as soon as they are ready to go. We usually dispatch all items within 1-3 days however, this may be a little longer during special occasions such as Christmas. If multiple items ordered, we may dispatch items separately or all together, depending on the process.
Hassle Free Returns Policy:
We're sure that you will be satisfied with your purchase and we also understand that sometimes you may want to return. We keep this process simple! Just contact us if you wish to return goods. Please note: personalised, made-to-order and perishable items are non-refundable.
- Ask a Question
Ask a Question
Question about: Personalised Love Hearts Heart Tray - LargePlease do not include or disclose any sensitive personal information, password or credit card information in your message. Your personal security is extremely important to us.No questions yet. Be the first to ask the question!


text:
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has recognized the work of Denzel Washington, Quentin Tarantino and the little girl from "Beasts of the Southern Wild" in its nominations for 2013 Academy Awards.
Slavery-era dramas "Django Unchained" and "Lincoln" will face off for Best Picture, while "Django" also scored a nom for Best Supporting Actor for Christoph Waltz. None of the black actors from the film received nominations.
"Beasts of the Southern Wild" received four nominations, including Best Director, Best Picture and Best Actress for the film's 9-year-old star Quvenzhané Wallis – the year's youngest nominee.
"Flight" star and two-time Oscar winner Denzel Washington was nominated for Best Actor. This is the actor's sixth career nomination.
"Lincoln" received the most nominations with 12, including Best Picture, Best Director (Steven Spielberg) and Best Actor (Daniel Day-Lewis).
Seth MacFarlane and Emma Stone announced the nominees this morning in Beverly Hills. MacFarlane will host the Oscar ceremonies, to be broadcast live Feb. 24 on ABC from the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood.
Find a complete list of nominees below.
Performance by an actor in a leading role
* Bradley Cooper in "Silver Linings Playbook"
* Daniel Day-Lewis in "Lincoln"
* Hugh Jackman in "Les Misérables"
* Joaquin Phoenix in "The Master"
* Denzel Washington in "Flight"
Performance by an actor in a supporting role
* Alan Arkin in "Argo"
* Robert De Niro in "Silver Linings Playbook"
* Philip Seymour Hoffman in "The Master"
* Tommy Lee Jones in "Lincoln"
* Christoph Waltz in "Django Unchained"
Performance by an actress in a leading role
* Jessica Chastain in "Zero Dark Thirty"
* Jennifer Lawrence in "Silver Linings Playbook"
* Emmanuelle Riva in "Amour"
* Quvenzhané Wallis in "Beasts of the Southern Wild"
* Naomi Watts in "The Impossible"
Performance by an actress in a supporting role
* Amy Adams in "The Master"
* Sally Field in "Lincoln"
* Anne Hathaway in "Les Misérables"
* Helen Hunt in "The Sessions"
* Jacki Weaver in "Silver Linings Playbook"
Best animated feature film of the year
* "Brave" Mark Andrews and Brenda Chapman
* "Frankenweenie" Tim Burton
* "ParaNorman" Sam Fell and Chris Butler
* "The Pirates! Band of Misfits" Peter Lord
* "Wreck-It Ralph" Rich Moore
Achievement in cinematography
* "Anna Karenina" Seamus McGarvey
* "Django Unchained" Robert Richardson
* "Life of Pi" Claudio Miranda
* "Lincoln" Janusz Kaminski
* "Skyfall" Roger Deakins
Achievement in costume design
* "Anna Karenina" Jacqueline Durran
* "Les Misérables" Paco Delgado
* "Lincoln" Joanna Johnston
* "Mirror Mirror" Eiko Ishioka
* "Snow White and the Huntsman" Colleen Atwood
Achievement in directing
* "Amour" Michael Haneke
* "Beasts of the Southern Wild" Benh Zeitlin
* "Life of Pi" Ang Lee
* "Lincoln" Steven Spielberg
* "Silver Linings Playbook" David O. Russell
Best documentary feature
* "5 Broken Cameras"
Emad Burnat and Guy Davidi
* "The Gatekeepers"
Nominees to be determined
* "How to Survive a Plague"
Nominees to be determined
* "The Invisible War"
Nominees to be determined
* "Searching for Sugar Man"
Nominees to be determined
Best documentary short subject
* "Inocente"
Sean Fine and Andrea Nix Fine
* "Kings Point"
Sari Gilman and Jedd Wider
* "Mondays at Racine"
Cynthia Wade and Robin Honan
* "Open Heart"
Kief Davidson and Cori Shepherd Stern
* "Redemption"
Jon Alpert and Matthew O'Neill
Achievement in film editing
* "Argo" William Goldenberg
* "Life of Pi" Tim Squyres
* "Lincoln" Michael Kahn
* "Silver Linings Playbook" Jay Cassidy and Crispin Struthers
* "Zero Dark Thirty" Dylan Tichenor and William Goldenberg
Best foreign language film of the year
* "Amour" Austria
* "Kon-Tiki" Norway
* "No" Chile
* "A Royal Affair" Denmark
* "War Witch" Canada
Achievement in makeup and hairstyling
* "Hitchcock"
Howard Berger, Peter Montagna and Martin Samuel
* "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey"
Peter Swords King, Rick Findlater and Tami Lane
* "Les Misérables"
Lisa Westcott and Julie Dartnell
Achievement in music written for motion pictures (Original score)
* "Anna Karenina" Dario Marianelli
* "Argo" Alexandre Desplat
* "Life of Pi" Mychael Danna
* "Lincoln" John Williams
* "Skyfall" Thomas Newman
Achievement in music written for motion pictures (Original song)
* "Before My Time" from "Chasing Ice"
Music and Lyric by J. Ralph
* "Everybody Needs A Best Friend" from "Ted"
Music by Walter Murphy; Lyric by Seth MacFarlane
* "Pi's Lullaby" from "Life of Pi"
Music by Mychael Danna; Lyric by Bombay Jayashri
* "Skyfall" from "Skyfall"
Music and Lyric by Adele Adkins and Paul Epworth
* "Suddenly" from "Les Misérables"
Music by Claude-Michel Schönberg; Lyric by Herbert Kretzmer and Alain Boublil
Best motion picture of the year
* "Amour" Nominees to be determined
* "Argo" Grant Heslov, Ben Affleck and George Clooney, Producers
* "Beasts of the Southern Wild" Dan Janvey, Josh Penn and Michael Gottwald, Producers
* "Django Unchained" Stacey Sher, Reginald Hudlin and Pilar Savone, Producers
* "Les Misérables" Tim Bevan, Eric Fellner, Debra Hayward and Cameron Mackintosh, Producers
* "Life of Pi" Gil Netter, Ang Lee and David Womark, Producers
* "Lincoln" Steven Spielberg and Kathleen Kennedy, Producers
* "Silver Linings Playbook" Donna Gigliotti, Bruce Cohen and Jonathan Gordon, Producers
* "Zero Dark Thirty" Mark Boal, Kathryn Bigelow and Megan Ellison, Producers
Achievement in production design
* "Anna Karenina"
Production Design: Sarah Greenwood; Set Decoration: Katie Spencer
* "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey"
Production Design: Dan Hennah; Set Decoration: Ra Vincent and Simon Bright
* "Les Misérables"
Production Design: Eve Stewart; Set Decoration: Anna Lynch-Robinson
* "Life of Pi"
Production Design: David Gropman; Set Decoration: Anna Pinnock
* "Lincoln"
Production Design: Rick Carter; Set Decoration: Jim Erickson
Best animated short film
* "Adam and Dog" Minkyu Lee
* "Fresh Guacamole" PES
* "Head over Heels" Timothy Reckart and Fodhla Cronin O'Reilly
* "Maggie Simpson in "The Longest Daycare"" David Silverman
* "Paperman" John Kahrs
Best live action short film
* "Asad" Bryan Buckley and Mino Jarjoura
* "Buzkashi Boys" Sam French and Ariel Nasr
* "Curfew" Shawn Christensen
* "Death of a Shadow (Dood van een Schaduw)" Tom Van Avermaet and Ellen De Waele
* "Henry" Yan England
Achievement in sound editing
* "Argo" Erik Aadahl and Ethan Van der Ryn
* "Django Unchained" Wylie Stateman
* "Life of Pi" Eugene Gearty and Philip Stockton
* "Skyfall" Per Hallberg and Karen Baker Landers
* "Zero Dark Thirty" Paul N.J. Ottosson
Achievement in sound mixing
* "Argo"
John Reitz, Gregg Rudloff and Jose Antonio Garcia
* "Les Misérables"
Andy Nelson, Mark Paterson and Simon Hayes
* "Life of Pi"
Ron Bartlett, D.M. Hemphill and Drew Kunin
* "Lincoln"
Andy Nelson, Gary Rydstrom and Ronald Judkins
* "Skyfall"
Scott Millan, Greg P. Russell and Stuart Wilson
Achievement in visual effects
* "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey"
Joe Letteri, Eric Saindon, David Clayton and R. Christopher White
* "Life of Pi"
Bill Westenhofer, Guillaume Rocheron, Erik-Jan De Boer and Donald R. Elliott
* "Marvel's The Avengers"
Janek Sirrs, Jeff White, Guy Williams and Dan Sudick
* "Prometheus"
Richard Stammers, Trevor Wood, Charley Henley and Martin Hill
* "Snow White and the Huntsman"
Cedric Nicolas-Troyan, Philip Brennan, Neil Corbould and Michael Dawson
Adapted screenplay
* "Argo" Screenplay by Chris Terrio
* "Beasts of the Southern Wild" Screenplay by Lucy Alibar & Benh Zeitlin
* "Life of Pi" Screenplay by David Magee
* "Lincoln" Screenplay by Tony Kushner
* "Silver Linings Playbook" Screenplay by David O. Russell
Original screenplay
* "Amour" Written by Michael Haneke
* "Django Unchained" Written by Quentin Tarantino
* "Flight" Written by John Gatins
* "Moonrise Kingdom" Written by Wes Anderson & Roman Coppola
* "Zero Dark Thirty" Written by Mark Boal
(Photo: AP)
This Week's Celebrity Instagrams (11/26-12/2)
This Week's Celebrity Instagrams (11/26-12/2)
1. Little Legend and Puddy 😍😍😍😍Source:Instagram 1 of 30
2. "You on point Phife?" "all the time,Tip". 💥 #bannedfromnormalSource:Instagram 2 of 30
3. Vegan! The Impossible burger at CrossroadsSource:Instagram 3 of 30
4. Lawrence #BeforeandAfterEpisodes 1-4: 184lbs 13% body fatEpisode 8: 196lbs 8% body fat S/O @coachdaveboxing with the works outs and @kildareriordan with the nutritionSource:Instagram 4 of 30
5. Jus haaaanngin outSource:Instagram 5 of 30
6. Meanwhile back at home in Atlanta GA someone mad they not on the 🛳. 😳Source:Instagram 6 of 30
7. No limits... Photo cred: Chris Bridges @ludacrisSource:Instagram 7 of 30
8. new newSource:Instagram 8 of 30
9. Apparently my 260lbs is too much for the actual vines in the Hawaiian jungles to hold me without breaking and me falling hundreds of feet. So for safety purposes, I'm forced to swing thru #Jumanjj on wires strong enough to hold 12 adult buffaloes and 1 adult Rock. #OnSet #Jumanji #IronicallyIEatBuffaloDailyForLunch #MoreManThanNatureKnowsWhatToDoWithSource:Instagram 9 of 30
10. hey ma! 🎎#wcw 💙Source:Instagram 10 of 30
11. Surprise visit to our factories!!! #GoodAmerican #USASource:Instagram 11 of 30
12. 😍❤Source:Instagram 12 of 30
13. Peachy Keen 🔥✨⚡Source:Instagram 13 of 30
14. If this don't look thankful I don't know what does. Happy Thanksgiving to you and yours. #UltraBlessed #24kMagic #SweetPotatoFlySource:Instagram 14 of 30
15. Late nights @nbcmarlon with the writers... we in here!!!Source:Instagram 15 of 30
16. There goes my baaaaaaaaabbbbyyyyy #QueenKingMagic!!! We're up to something! Ira BIG!!! Stay out our buisness -Source:Instagram 16 of 30
17. You want to win every game you play but when you come home to these faces... who cares. #ILoveYouGirls best part of my day, everyday!Source:Instagram 17 of 30
18. Steady,steady..... full size jenga.. "I got this one "???? Or do I ?Source:Instagram 18 of 30
19. Cornrows kind of day 😉@dontaysavoy2 you convinced me and I love. ❤Source:Instagram 19 of 30
20. #BrotherlyLove #tbtSource:Instagram 20 of 30
21. MoreSource:Instagram 21 of 30
22. #basel #TeamLOVE @kingcombsSource:Instagram 22 of 30
23. Just introduced a special screening of @directher 's groundbreaking (must see) documentary @13thfilm with my brother @themichaelealy | @unitedblackout #blackoutblackfridaySource:Instagram 23 of 30
24. Me & Vanessa Williams giving #DuckLips #Pose on the set of #DaytimeDivas @vh1 - Coming Soon to a tv near you. Lol. - My make up done by @makeupsurgeonSource:Instagram 24 of 30
25. This picture just makes me wanna praise the Lord, you hear me!!!!!! Yes Lord brotha #TEDDYCAMPBELL What a #man !!! You are everything right on this picture husband ......... #gorgeous #stylish #classy #strong #masculine #king #sexy #debonair #gentlemenstyle And that #bible in your hand just seals the deal for me (probably cause i know that, that is what helped you become just as amazing as you look😘). While my heart and mind experiences the goodness of God at #church on Sundays, my eyes experiences the goodness of Teddy😍. Amen somebody🙌🏽. "Bless the Lord oh my soul and all that is within me bless his holy name" #myman #myhusband #goodman #blackman #dapperman #godlyman #goodfather #mybestfriendSource:Instagram 25 of 30
26. Yesterday was my mama's 53rd birthday!!!!! Got to celebrate with her all day. If this is what I have to look forward to I can't wait. Looking like a soft bucket a cocoa butter. Yaaaaaaaaaas! 😍😍😍 love you mommy!Source:Instagram 26 of 30
27. "Shout out to @PureAtlanta for getting the family right"....I'm loving this jogger. 😍😍Source:Instagram 27 of 30
28. This pic warms my heart ❤ #myLogiebeans and aunt aunt umba @itowandabraxton 😘Source:Instagram 28 of 30
29. You will always be my baby😜. #HappyBirthdayReginae #mybaby18Source:Instagram 29 of 30
30. GC "Gods Child" Red on Red SweatSuit available now at www.MonicaApparel.com ... Take Your Crown wherever you go!! I'm pictured in a Medium... Go to the site now for other options ... cc: @trukernellSource:Instagram 30 of 30
2 thoughts on "Denzel, 'Django', Quvenzhané Wallis Nominated for Oscars"
I'm pulling for Quvenzhané Wallis. She was remarkable! So real and natural. Within the first few minutes of watching her in the movie I thought she should win many awards for her performance. She deserves it!


text:
Sorry - Not currently available (workshop is backlogged)
All repair/modification work is carried out subject to our terms and conditions. Once you have placed your order, details of where to ship your hardware will be sent to your e-mail address. Prices do NOT include return postage. To estimate return postage we recommend Parcel2Go. Parcels will be returned by Royal Mail or UPS only.
Important – There are different variations of the Sega Megadrive Mark 1 motherboard, some are significantly more difficult to apply the region free modification to. Since there's no way to tell them apart without dismantling your console, this mod is priced on a worst-case scenario and we may be able to offer you a discount if your console turns out to be easier to mod.
Make your Sega Megadrive into a fully region free console without ugly external switches! The switchless region free mod allows you to set region and choose between 50hz and 60hz modes all by pressing the reset switch. To operate the mod, simply hold the reset switch down for the required time.
Less than 0.5 seconds – Resets the console as normal.
0.5 seconds to 1.5 seconds (until power LED is extinguished) – Change between 50hz and 60hz modes.
More than 1.5 seconds – Change region.
The LED will flash and change colour indicating the region. Simply let go once the correct region is selected (actual LED colours may vary).
Note:- We strongly recommend playing your Sega Megadrive console using an RGB cable. On some televisions, import games may appear in black and white when using composite or S-Video connections.
For full region free compatibility, the cartridge slot on European and American consoles must be widened. Alternatively, an import adapter such as a Honey Bee adapter can be used.
Due to minuscule differences in video timings between PAL and NTSC consoles, users connecting modified PAL consoles to HDTVs (either directly or via an upscaler such as an XRGB) may experience stuttering/juddering during scrolling in games when playing in 60hz. This is not a fault with our modding process (we're just the only website honest enough to tell you it could happen). This does not affect CRT users, see this page for more information.
If you have a Mark 2 Megadrive, click here.
Customer Reviews
Submit your review
If your country is not listed as a shipping destination please contact me, I may be able to sort something out for you!
Transactions made in our store are 100% safe, SSL encrypted and guaranteed by our payment provider Stripe. Please use a modern browser to shop on our site, we do not support Internet Explorer 9 or earlier and may cancel transactions placed with those browsers.


text: Stores Dealer Profile HAMPTON DUMP Shaw believes in its people, products and mission. Purchasing flooring can be daunting, but we're committed to making easier for you every step of the way. Shaw creates a better future – for our customers, our people, our company and our communities. This attention to detail and extreme focus can be found in our beautiful, innovative products. Store Information GET DIRECTIONS Newmarket Dr Newport News, VA 23605 757-245-2208 http://www.thedump.com Flooring Area Rug View all stores


text:
Buffalo car for sale on US's largest classifieds sites (537 results)
2015 Chrysler 200 Limited
2013 Chrysler 300 S
2014 Toyota Camry XLE
Competition car audio truck
2012 Chevrolet Malibu LS
2016 Dodge Charger SE
2013 Chrysler 200 Limited
2014 Dodge Charger SXT
2009 Cadillac CTS Base
2012 Chevrolet Impala LT
2008 Chevrolet Impala LT
2016 Chrysler 300C Base
2014 Chevrolet Impala LS
1995 Lincoln Town Car
1995 Lincoln Town Car Signature Series195k miles. 4.6L V8. Automatic. runs and drives good.air ride suspension works. like new tires. leather interior, fully loaded power everything. gets about 24 mpg on the highway which is great for a fullsize V8 sedan.issues known are: 2 of the
Cheap Reliable Car Mercury Grand Marquis 1997
1997 Mercury Grand Marquis. One of the best and most reliable cars our family has ever had. Most of the miles are highway, and we have safely traveled all over with this beautiful Grand Marquis. Our family has taken care of her and she has taken care of us in return. Shocks and brakes have all
Year: 1997, Make: Mercury, Model: Grand marquis
2002 Taurus (buffalo) spare motor/transmission/seats from part car
The story:My family has had a number of these body style Taurus\'s over the last decade. Therefore that will explain the brown car and the extra motor/transmission. The motor/trans has 90,088 mileage on it, and still ran and drove even after the car was totaled (in the back end). I have the br
Year: 2002


text:
We developed a general numerical method to calculate the spontaneous emission lifetime in an arbitrary microcavity, using a finite-difference time-domain algorithm. For structures with rotational symmetry we also developed a more efficient but less general algorithm. To simulate an open radiation problem, we use absorbing boundaries to truncate the computational domain. The accuracy of this method is limited only by numerical error and finite reflection at the absorbing boundaries. We compare our result with cases that can be solved analytically and find excellent agreement. Finally, we apply the method to calculate the spontaneous emission lifetime in a slab waveguide and in a dielectric microdisk, respectively.
© 1999 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article
Related Articles
Wenbo Sun, Qiang Fu, and Zhizhang Chen
Appl. Opt. 38(15) 3141-3151 (1999)
Matthias Kretschmann and Alexei A. Maradudin
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21(1) 150-158 (2004)
Shangping Guo, Feng Wu, Sacharia Albin, Hsiang Tai, and Robert S. Rogowski
Opt. Express 12(15) 3341-3352 (2004)