text: I don't know what the problem is, but I recently turned my ipod to factory setting using itunes software and then jailbroke it with the new jb tool at jailbreakme.com and installed SBsetting. Now my ipod ignores the brightness setting of SBsetting when it wakes up from sleep. It only recognizes the brightness setting in the original setting menu. So for example, if I set brightness to the lowest in the original setting and then go out and set the brightness to the highest in the SBsetting, the brightness goes up, but when I put my ipod to sleep and then wake it up, it returns to the lowest brightness. In other words, I think the brightness settings of the original setting menu and SBsetting are somehow not in sync and the ipod only recognizes the setting from the original menu. Compare this to bluetooth on/off, which goes on regardless of whether I do it in original setting and the SBsetting and they are always in sync-if I turn it on in original menu, it's on in SBsetting and if I turn it off in SBsetting it's off in the original menu. Me and my brother are both having this problem and this didn't used to happen before. It started happening after we recently re-jailbroke our ipods. His is 3G 32gb and mine is 2G 8gb. Is anyone else having this problem? Better yet, does anyone know why it's happening or what the solution to the problem is?

subset: commoncrawl


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For Lease
Available from Now
Bond: 2900
This spectacular residence represents a standard of luxury design in the coveted waterfront complex 'Palermo Gardens'. Renovated to the highest standards, this magnificent, well presented villa looks out over Palermo Reserve to the glistening Brisbane water. The opulent interior is luxurious and quality-rich with four bedrooms and home office, large living zones and spacious covered outdoor entertaining balcony. A spectacular location for a low maintenance waterfront lifestyle! - Exceptional living, dining and entertaining spaces capture the stunning water views - Huge outdoor entertaining balcony with Spectacular views over St Hubert's Island - Granite kitchen features Miele and SMEG appliances - Capture the views from the spacious master bedroom with ensuite and WIR - Two additional bedrooms both with built in robes - Downstairs features guest bedroom with ensuite, home office, rumpus room and spa - Plenty of storage, wine cellar room and workshop - Complex boasts a heated in ground swimming pool and sauna plus additional visitor parking - Palermo Gardens complex has direct waterfront access, shared Boatshed, jetty and boat ramp. Viewings by appointment only. Please call to arrange your inspection.
|Property type
|Sale type
|4/31 Empire Bay Drive
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REVIEWS (1):"Some people say this place is hopeless, past it, ugly. I prefer classic, understated and egalitarian. You can visit Coles, EB Games, the Reject Shop, Lowes,..."read more


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Read an Excerpt
The Overcoming Life
By Dwight Lyman Moody
Moody PublishersCopyright © 2010 The Moody Bible Institute of Chicago
All rights reserved.
The Overcoming Life
I would like to have you open your Bible at the first epistle of John, fifth chapter, fourth and fifth verses: "Whatsoever is born of God overcometh the world: and this is the victory that overcometh the world, even our faith. Who is he that overcometh the world, but he that believeth that Jesus is the Son of God?"
When a battle is fought, all are anxious to know who are the victors. In these verses we are told who is to gain the victory in life. When I was converted I made this mistake: I thought the battle was already mine, the victory already won, the crown already in my grasp. I thought that old things had passed away, that all things had become new; that my old corrupt nature, the Adam life, was gone. But I found out, after serving Christ for a few months, that conversion was only like enlisting in the army, that there was a battle on hand, and that if I was to get a crown, I had to work for it and fight for it.
Salvation is a gift, as free as the air we breathe. It is to be obtained, like any other gift, without money and without price; there are no other terms. "To him that worketh not, but believeth." But on the other hand, if we are to gain a crown, we must work for it. Let me quote a few verses in 1 Corinthians: "For other foundation can no man lay than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ. But if any man buildeth on the foundation gold, silver, costly stones, wood, hay, stubble; each man's work shall be made manifest: for the day shall declare it, because it is revealed in fire: and the fire itself shall prove each man's work, of what sort it is. If any man's work shall abide, which he built thereon, he shall receive a reward. If any man's work shall be burned, he shall suffer loss: but he himself shall be saved; yet so as through fire."
We see clearly from this that we may be saved, yet all our works burned up. I may have a wretched, miserable voyage through life, with no victory, and no reward at the end; saved, yet so as by fire, or as Job puts it, "with the skin of my teeth." I believe that a great many men will barely get to heaven as Lot got out of Sodom, burned out, nothing left, works and everything else destroyed.
It is like this: when a man enters the army, he is a member of the army the moment he enlists; he is just as much a member as a man who has been in the army ten or twenty years. But enlisting is one thing and participating in a battle another. Young converts are like those just enlisted.
It is folly for any man to attempt to fight in his own strength. The world, the flesh, and the devil are too much for any man. But if we are linked to Christ by faith, and He is formed in us the hope of glory, then we shall get the victory over every enemy. It is believers who are the overcomers. "Thanks be unto God, which always causeth us to triumph in Christ." Through Him we shall be more than conquerors.
I wouldn't think of talking to unconverted men about overcoming the world, for it is utterly impossible. They might as well try to cut down the American forest with their penknives. But a good many Christian people make this mistake: they think the battle is already fought and won. They have an idea that all they have to do is to put the oars down in the bottom of the boat, and the current will drift them into the ocean of God's eternal love. But we have to cross the current. We have to learn how to watch and fight, and how to overcome. The battle is only just commenced. The Christian life is a conflict and a warfare, and the quicker we find it out the better.
There is not a blessing in this world that God has not linked Himself to. All the great and higher blessings God associates with Himself. When God and man work together, then it is that there is going to be victory. We are coworkers with Him. You might take a mill, and put it forty feet above a river, and there isn't capital enough in the States to make that river turn the mill; but get it down about forty feet, and away it works. We want to keep in mind that if we are going to overcome the world, we have got to work with God. It is His power that makes all the means of grace effectual.
The story is told that Frederick Douglass, the great slave orator, once said in a mournful speech when things looked dark for his race: "The white man is against us, governments are against us, the spirit of the times is against us. I see no hope for the colored race. I am full of sadness."
Just then a ... woman rose in the audience and said, "Frederick, is God dead?"
My friend, it makes a difference when you count God in.
Now many a young believer is discouraged and disheartened when he realizes this warfare. He begins to think that God has forsaken him, that Christianity is not all that it professes to be. But he should rather regard it as an encouraging sign. No sooner has a soul escaped from his snare than the great Adversary takes steps to ensnare it again. He puts forth all his power to recapture his lost prey. The fiercest attacks are made on the strongest forts, and the fiercer the battle the young believer is called on to wage, the surer evidence it is of the work of the Holy Spirit in his heart. God will not desert him in his time of need, any more than He deserted His people of old when they were hard pressed by their foes.
The Only Complete Victor
"Ye are of God, little children, and have overcome them: because greater is He that is in you than he that is in the world." The only man that ever conquered this world—was complete victor—was Jesus Christ. When He shouted on the cross, "It is finished!" it was the shout of a conqueror. He had overcome every enemy. He had met sin and death. He had met every foe that you and I have got to meet, and had come off victor. Now if I have got the Spirit of Christ, if I have got that same life in me, then it is that I have got a power that is greater than any power in the world, and with that same power I overcome the world.
Notice that everything human in this world fails. Every man, the moment he takes his eye off God, has failed. Every man has been a failure at some period of his life. Abraham failed. Moses failed. Elijah failed. Take the men that have become so famous and that were so mighty—the moment they got their eye off God, they were weak like other men; and it is a very singular thing that those men failed on the strongest point in their character.
I suppose it was because they were not on the watch. Abraham was noted for his faith, and he failed right there—he denied his wife. Moses was noted for his weakness and humility, and he failed right there—he got angry. God kept him out of the Promised Land because he lost his temper. I know he was called "the servant of God," and that he was a mighty man and that he had power with God, but humanly speaking he failed and was kept out of the Promised Land. Elijah was noted for his power in prayer and for his courage, yet he became a coward. He was the boldest man of his day and stood before Ahab and the royal court and all the prophets of Baal; yet when he heard that Jezebel had threatened his life, he ran away to the desert and under a juniper tree prayed that he might die. Peter was noted for his boldness, and a little maid scared him nearly out of his wits. As soon as she spoke to him, he began to tremble, and he swore that he didn't know Christ. I have often said to myself that I'd like to have been there the day of Pentecost alongside of that maid when she saw Peter preaching.
"Why," I suppose she said, "what has come over that man? He was afraid of me only a few weeks ago, and now he stands up before all Jerusalem and charges these very Jews with the murder of Jesus."
The moment he got his eye off the Master he failed; and every man, I don't care who he is—even the strongest—every man that hasn't Christ in him, is a failure. John, the beloved disciple, was noted for his meekness; and yet we hear him wanting to call fire down from heaven on a little town because it had refused the common hospitalities.
Triumphs of Faith
Now, how are we to get the victory over all our enemies? Turn to Galatians 2:20: "I am crucified with Christ; nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: and the life which I now live in the flesh, I live by faith of the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself for me." We live by faith. We get this life by faith and become linked to Immanuel ---"God with us." If I have God for me, I am going to overcome. How do we gain this mighty power? By faith.
The next passage I want to call your attention to is Romans 11:20: "Because of unbelief they were broken off; and thou standest by faith." The Jews were cut off on account of their unbelief: we were grafted in on account of our belief. So notice: We live by faith, and we stand by faith.
Next, we walk by faith. Second Corinthians 5:7: "For we walk by faith, not by sight." The most faulty Christians I know are those who want to walk by sight. They want to see the end—how a thing is going to come out. That isn't walking by faith at all—that is walking by sight.
I think the characters that best represent this difference are Joseph and Jacob. Jacob was a man who walked with God by sight. You remember his vow at Bethel: "If God will be with me, and will keep me in this way that I go, and will give me bread to eat, and raiment to put on, so that I come again to my father's house in peace; then shall the Lord be my God." And you remember how his heart revived when he saw the wagons Joseph sent him from Egypt. He sought after signs. He never could have gone through the temptations and trials that his son Joseph did. Joseph represents a higher type of Christian. He could walk in the dark. He could survive thirteen years of misfortune, in spite of his dreams, and then ascribe it all to the goodness and providence of God.
Lot and Abraham are a good illustration. Lot turned away from Abraham and tented on the plains of Sodom. He got a good stretch of pastureland, but he had bad neighbors. He was a weak character, and he should have kept with Abraham to get strong. A good many men are just like that. As long as their mothers are living, or they are bolstered up by some godly person, they get along very well; but they can't stand alone. Lot walked by sight, but Abraham walked by faith; he went out in the footsteps of God. "By faith Abraham, when he was called to go out into a place which he should after receive for an inheritance, obeyed; and he went out, not knowing whither he went. By faith he sojourned in tabernacles with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with him of the same promise: for he looked for a city which hath foundations, whose builder and maker is God." And again: We fight by faith. Ephesians, sixth chapter, verse sixteen: "Above all, taking the shield of faith, wherewith ye shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked." Every dart Satan can fire at us we can quench by faith. By faith we can overcome the Evil One. To fear is to have more faith in your antagonist than in Christ.
Some of the older people can remember when our war broke out. Secretary Seward, who was Lincoln's secretary of state—a longheaded and shrewd politician—prophesied that the war would be over in ninety days; and young men in thousands and hundreds of thousands came forward and volunteered to go down to Dixie and whip the South. They thought they would be back in ninety days; but the war lasted four years, and cost about half a million lives. What was the matter? Why, the South was a good deal stronger than the North supposed. Its strength was underestimated.
Jesus Christ makes no mistake of that kind. When He enlists a man in His service, He shows him the dark side; He lets him know that he must live a life of self-denial. If a man is not willing to go to heaven by the way of Calvary, he cannot go at all. Many men want a religion in which there is no cross, but they cannot enter heaven that way. If we are to be disciples of Jesus Christ, we must deny ourselves and take up our cross and follow Him.
So let us sit down and count the cost. Do not think that you will have no battles if you follow the Nazarene, because many battles are before you. Yet if I had ten thousand lives, Jesus Christ should have every one of them. Men do not object to a battle if they are confident that they will have victory, and, thank God, every one of us may have the victory if we will.
The reason so many Christians fail all through life is just this—they underestimate the strength of the enemy. My dear friend, you and I have got a terrible enemy to contend with. Don't let Satan deceive you. Unless you are spiritually dead, it means warfare. Nearly everything around tends to draw us away from God. We do not step clear out of Egypt onto the throne of God. There is the wilderness journey, and there are enemies in the land.
Don't let any man or woman think all he or she has to do is join the church. That will not save you. The question is, Are you overcoming the world, or is the world overcoming you? Are you more patient than you were five years ago? Are you more amiable? If you are not, the world is overcoming you, even if you are a church member. That epistle that Paul wrote to Titus says that we are to be sound in patience, faith, and charity. We have got Christians, a good many of them, that are good in spots, but mighty poor in other spots. Just a little bit of them seems to be saved, you know. They are not rounded out in their characters. It is just because they haven't been taught that they have a terrible foe to overcome.
If I wanted to find out whether a man was a Christian, I wouldn't go to his minister. I would go and ask his wife. I tell you, we want more home piety just now. If a man doesn't treat his wife right, I don't want to hear him talk about Christianity. What is the use of his talking about salvation for the next life if he has no salvation for this? We want a Christianity that goes into our homes and everyday lives. Some men's religion just repels me. They put on a winning voice and a sort of a religious tone and talk so sanctimoniously on Sunday that you would think they were wonderful saints. But on Monday they are quite different. They put their religion away with their clothes, and you don't see any more of it until the next Sunday. You laugh, but let us look out that we don't belong to that class.
My friends, we have got to have a higher type of Christianity, or the church is gone. It is wrong for men or women to profess what they don't possess. If you are not overcoming temptations, the world is overcoming you. Just get on your knees and ask God to help you. My friends, let us to go God and ask Him to search us. Let us ask Him to wake us up, and let us not think that just because we are church members we are all right. We are all wrong if we are not getting victory over sin.
Now if we are going to overcome, we must begin inside. God always begins there. An enemy inside the fort is far more dangerous than one outside.
Scripture teaches that in every believer there are two natures warring against each other. Paul says, in his epistle to the Romans, "For we know that the law is spiritual: but I am carnal, sold under sin. For that which I do I allow not: for what I would, that I do not; but what I hate, that do I. If then I do that which I would not, I consent unto the law that it is good. Now then it is no more I that do it, but sin that dwelleth in me. For I know that in me (that is, in my flesh), dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me; but how to perform that which is good I find not. For the good that I would I do not: but the evil which I would not, that I do. Now if I do that I would not, it is no more I that do it, but sin that dwelleth in me. I find then a law, that when I would do good, evil is present with me. For I delight in the law of God after the inward man: but I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members."
Again, in the epistle to the Galatians, he says, 'For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh: and these are contrary the one to the other: so that ye cannot do the things that ye would."
When we are born of God, we get His nature, but He does not immediately take away all the old nature. Each species of animal and bird is true to its nature. You can tell the nature of the dove or canary bird. The horse is true to his nature, the cow is true to hers. But a man has two natures, and do not let the world or Satan make you think that the old nature is extinct, because it is not. "Reckon ye yourselves dead"; but if you were dead, you wouldn't need to reckon yourselves dead, would you? The dead self would be dropped out of the reckoning. "I keep my body under"; if it were dead, Paul wouldn't have needed to keep it under. I am judicially dead, but the old nature is alive, and therefore if I don't keep my body under and crucify the flesh with its affections, this lower nature will gain the advantage, and I shall be in bondage.
Excerpted from The Overcoming Life by Dwight Lyman Moody. Copyright © 2010 The Moody Bible Institute of Chicago. Excerpted by permission of Moody Publishers.
All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
Excerpts are provided by Dial-A-Book Inc. solely for the personal use of visitors to this web site.


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NORWALK - The Coast Guard has called off the search for a Connecticut native who went missing while on a fishing trip more than a week ago.
Authorities say they now presume that 54-year-old Linda Carman is dead.
On Sunday, rescue crews found her son, 22-year-old Nathan Carman, drifting in an inflatable life raft off the coast of Massachusetts.
He told investigators their 31-foot boat sank, and his mother never made it to the raft.


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11:10 Sep. 25, 2016
Russian Col. Osipov ('Orlov') killed in Luhansk (Photo by Artem Shevchenko / Facebook)
Killed in Luhansk Col. Osipov previously commanded a paratrooper unit of Russian army in Anapa
The Interior Ministry of Ukraine revealed the details on the murdered in Luhansk Russian colonel. As Ministry's speaker Artem Shevchenko wrote on Facebook, Deputy Commander of Kremlin-sponsored '2nd Army Corps' of the puppet state 'Luhansk Peoples Republic' Alexander Osipov (nicknamed 'Orlov') previously served as a paratrooper commander in a Russian army unit in Anapa (Krasnodarsk region, Caucasus, Russia).
"Paratrooper, really big bump. He could serve way along in Anapa, now he is dead in separatists showdown in our land. Suicide of the "premier-minister" Tsypkalov – seems to be logical part of the same case," Shevchenko says in his statement.
Open sources say, that in the town of Anapa the base of Guards Artillery Regiment №1141 is placed. This unit is a part of 7th Airborne Assault Division of Russian Army. According to Ukrainian volunteers, units of this division took part in Russian invasion to Ukrainian Donbas in 2014 and 2015, in particular - during the battle of Ilovaysk.
Read also Will Putin start a full-scale war in Ukraine?
Earlier Ukrainian Military Intel informed of Russian high-ranking official killed in Donbas. Kremlin' Secret Service started an investigation on his death is militant-held Ukrainian Luhansk. Also yesterday an information appeared on ex-Luhansk 'Prime Minister' - he was arrested by separatists, then allegedly 'committed suicide'.


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Third Quarter 2016
Last month, S&P Global Ratings issued a report on the Federal Home Loan Bank System. In reaffirming the System's AA+/Stable rating – the same as the U.S. sovereign rating – S&P highlighted numerous positive aspects about the Federal Home Loan Banks, including our strong capital, funding and risk management positions....more
› Prior Issues
June 10
Congressman Gregory W. Meeks (NY-6), pictured here with FHLBNY Director Rev. Edwin C. Reed presenting an Affordable Housing Program grant to Calvary Baptist Church of Jamaica New York, kicked off the FHLBNY's 2012 round of Affordable Housing Program funding....more
SARATOGA, N.Y.—Three credit union CEOs from New York State recently participated in a panel discussion during the Credit Union Association of New York's Annual Conference here.
Left to right: Brian D. Snyder, Chief Executive Officer of Olean...more
› Other Industry Publications
FHC offers monthly enrollment periods due the 10th of each month or the following applicable business day.


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What's next for America?
Trump has vowed to quickly end Obamacare, build a wall along the border with Mexico and slash taxes.
Trump has vowed to quickly end Obamacare, build a wall along the border with Mexico and slash taxes.
Two bodies found on the rural property of a South Carolina man linked to five other deaths.
A top Kansas education official says results of the 2016 state assessment tests were essentially flat.
Suspect captured in search that prompted the lockdown of two west Wichita schools.
Shifting demand from cars to trucks and SUVS is forcing General Motors to lay off more than 2,000 workers indefinitely.
Kansas Republican Sen. Pat Roberts is congratulating President-Elect Donald Trump on his campaign.
The coffee chain was set to roll out the red cups to stores Thursday.
More than 2,100 veterans in Colorado and Kansas are being warned that their personal information may have been compromised.
Over the next few weeks many homes in Kansas, especially in rural areas, will be invaded by the multicolored Asian lady beetle.
Melania Trump will become first lady when her husband, President-elect Donald Trump, takes office in January.
Two Garden City teens have been injured after falling from vehicles.
The first reaction for many investors around the world was to sell — nearly everything — late Tuesday.
Stocks are moving solidly higher in midday trading on Wall Street following Donald Trump's upset victory over Hillary Clinton.
President Barack Obama says he's instructing his team to make sure there is a peaceful transfer of power.
Martin Shkreli promised last month to release "Once Upon a Time in Shaolin" if the Republican took the White House.


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Event: Shahrukh Khan, Shahid Kapoor, Parineeti Chopra, Vidya Balan, Abhishek Bachchan, Dia Mirza, Richa Chadha & other celebs arrived from IIFA Awards.
Guest List: Shahrukh Khan, Shahid Kapoor, Parineeti Chopra, Vidya Balan, Abhishek Bachchan, Dia Mirza, Richa Chadha, Pritam, Anushka Sharma, Anupam Kher, Jacqueline Fernandez, Ayushmann Khurrana, Tahira Kashyap, Sahil Sangha, Siddharth Roy Kapur, Anurag Basu, Sophie Choudry, Lisa Haydon, Sonu Sood, Gauhar Khan, Madhuri Dixit, Prabhudheva, Bhushan Kumar, Divya Dutta, Javed Akhtar, Sajid Nadiadwala, Saurabh Shukla, Hussain Kuwajerwala, Esha Deol
Bollywood celebs Hrithik Roshan, Athiya Shetty, Kanika Kapoor among others were seen at Anandita De's blog launch.
Bollywood actress Shilpa Shetty Kundra was snapped at the inaugurationof jewellery showroom of Varti Jewells.
Bollywood celebs Deepika Padukone, Anushka Sharma, Yami Gautam, Sonam Kapoor, Arpita Khan Sharma, Vijay Krishna Acharya, Arjun Kapoor among others were seen at the special screening of BEFIKRE.
Bollywood celebs Irrfan Khan snapped at the launch of Johnston & Murphy store.
Bollywood celebs Sunny Deol and Madhurima Tuli were snapped at the airport.


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...more >>
Organic Wheat Pasta Shells, Maltodextrin, Organic Cheddar Cheese (Organic Cultured Pasteurized Milk, Salt, Enzymes), Salt, Corn Starch, Organic Nonfat Milk, Organic Butter (Organic Cream, Salt), Natural Flavor, Disodium Phosphate, Lactic Acid, Citric Acid, Extractives of Annatto (Color).
You'll Need6 cups fresh water.1/4 cup Horizon Organic® reduced fat milk2 Tbsp Horizon Organic unsalted butter.Cooking Instructions1. Boil water. Stir in pasta. Cook 10-12 minutes or until done, stirring occasionally.2. Drain pasta in colander, then put back in pan.3. Add milk, butter and cheese sauce mix. Stir to combine.
Always refer to the actual package for the most accurate information


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Seoul: The 28-year-old Lee Yong-dae of Korea, one of the mos
Kuala Lumpur: Despite speculation that World No. 1 men's sin
Odense: A dramatic day of the quarter-final actions and upse
Kuala Lumpur: It's getting hard to keep track of all the mix
Kuala Lumpur: World number one Lee Chong Wei arrived at the
Madrid: The winner of 2014 BWF Badminton World Championships
06-12-2016 Hits:531 Badminton News
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27-11-2016 Hits:1067 Badminton News
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27-11-2016 Hits:720 Badminton News
Scoring System for Badminton Singles Badminton Singles is a match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points. Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored. The side winning
Scoring System for Badminton Doubles Badminton Doubles is a match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points. Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored. The side winning
Usually, when I am coaching my new students, the first thing I check is how they hold the badminton racket. It is important and easy to learn
When playing badminton, it is important to develop tactics and strategies a game plan to out-think and beat your opponent. By identifying and focusing


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CSP Daily News is not just another daily-news source—it's THE daily-news source for the latest information and issues that affect your convenience-store and gas-station business. CSP Daily News is the industry's only award-winning e-newsletter with content written and curated by veteran c-store-industry journalists. As a result, it has by far the largest circulation and impressions per month, reaching 45,000 subscribers every business day. It is also the industry's only mobile-friendly daily news with graphics, categories and a mobile app for c-store-industry news at the touch of a button. CSP Daily News is the industry's most focused and reliable daily-news source.
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07-11-2008 Category News Published in CSP Daily News
New facility strengthens ability to develop culinary-based new products
Good Morning America portrays cash-or-credit option as "bait-and-switch" ploy
07-11-2008 Fuels News, Prices & Analysis Published in CSP Daily News
Prices spur drivers to cut gasoline use to five-year low
Jalapeno, serrano peppers, cilantro join tomatoes on warning list
Dedicated food production facility will change way convenience retailer does business
Will promotions be "game changer"?
Reflecting on the significant effect of small and independent craft...


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Online Class
Vintage Cakes, Modern Methods
with Colette Peters
Share a little about the materials, processes, and techniques used to create this cake Gumpaste flowers, fondant,styrofoam ,paint brushes,royal icing. What are you most proud of? Iam most proud of finishing on time,lol. this is a project that is time consuming, with all the gumpaste flowers i had to make and the bruch embroidery it can be overwhelming if you dont plan ahead. What advice would you give someone starting this project? Take your time, perfection cannot be rushed!!!


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UK: M&S's Vandevelde mulls split in top management role
Luc Vandevelde, the man at the top of British high-street retailer Marks & Spencer , could soon step down from his CEO post, but retain the role of chairman. Speaking to the Observer newspaper on Sunday, Vandevelde commented: "The time may be right to split the roles at the top."
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Emergency Medicine
CompHealth Inc
Full Time
Gilmore Memorial Regional Medical Ctr. Emergency Medicine Physician needed to work in a moderate volume facility in Northeastern Mississippi. Just a short drive from recreational and entertainment attractions in Tupelo (Birthplace of Elvis) and Oxford, MS (27 mins.), this community offers a quiet country life, blended with the charm of a small town lifestyle with social, artistic, and educational opportunities for citizens of all ages. Antique stores, old-fashioned barber shops, New Age spas, hair salons, modern designs in fashion for both home and clothing, home-town cooking, international and gourmet cuisine, home and garden shops, and much more are all within a small radius. For further details about this opportunity and other CompHealth Emergency Medicine opportunities nationwide, please contact Charles Rodriguez at 954 837 2601, email me at firstname.lastname@example.com. job#747876.
- Paid travel
- $25k Sign on Bonus
- Paid Travel-Block Schedule-Accepting Commuters
- Malpractice with tail coverage
- Independent Contractor
- 24 hours Physician coverage; 36 hours MLP coverage
- Will Accept BC/BE in EM, IM or FP
- Moderate Volume


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 15, 2006
|Filing date
|Nov 20, 2003
|Priority date
|Nov 22, 2002
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Elena Biagi, Leonardo Masotti, Marco Scabia, Iacopo Rossi, Nicola Dreoni
|Original Assignee
|Actis Active Sensors S.R.L., Esaqte S.P.A.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (1), Classifications (7), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to an ultrasound image focusing method, and in particular to perform focusing in a transverse direction, that is in the direction parallel to the extension of the array of transducers forming the ultrasound probe.
The invention also relates to an ultrasound system, i.e. an ultrasound instrument that implements said method.
Probes generally used In ultrasound investigations are composed of a series of transducers or piezoelectric elements disposed in a one-dimensional array, or of a single mechanical scanning transducer. Ultrasound scans are produced by placing side by side the traces obtained from different transducers, or from different positions of the single transducer in the case of a single element probe. The transducers generate ultrasonic signals that propagate in the body to be investigated and receive the ultrasonic signal reflected from the reflectors located in the body. The image of the inside of the body examined is reconstructed from the reflected or-back-propagated signal.
For perfect reconstruction of the section investigated in the ultrasound scan, the transducers should have an appreciable sensitivity only in an infinitesimal solid angle, in order to receive the ultrasounds coming from one direction only. In actual fact, a transducer presents a radiation diagram with a lobe with non-null dimensions around the main direction and possibly also from secondary lobes.
For this reason each transducer sends and receives ultrasounds not only in the main direction (the direction of the z axis in
This phenomenon is shown schematically in
As the pattern of the distances of a single reflector in respect of the various transducers of the array is hyperbolic, the image of this reflector received by the array of transducers is a curve formed of a branch of hyperbola, as shown as an example in
It is evident that the images obtained in this manner are substantially distorted, cannot be used directly and must be processed. Ultrasound focusing consists exactly of this: restoring the images as closely as possible to those that would have been obtained from transducers with a radiation lobe of infinitesimal dimensions.
In the case of probes with a linear array, constituted by an array of transducers Tr disposed along a straight line, two types of focusing are required: transverse, that is in the direction (x) in which the array of transducers extends, and in the direction perpendicular to it and to the direction (y) of propagation of the ultrasounds, that is in the direction orthogonal to the plane in
On the other hand, with regard to transverse focusing, scanners usually use both transmit focusing, as described hereunder, and also receive focusing, which is the true focusing of the image and which produces all traces of the focused image adding to it, after having delayed them appropriately, a certain number of traces received from adjacent elements of the array, as described later.
Transmit focusing is not image focusing, but rather a technique to concentrate the energy transmitted at a certain depth. An acoustic lens is not used although the effect is simulated electronically. Each ultrasonic pulse is sent almost simultaneously by a group of transducers adjacent to the central one. Each transducer in the group emits a pulse brought forward by a time defined by a theoretical hyperbolic law. However, in practice various scanners use a parabolic approximation.
In this way the pulses transmitted are in phase with one another at a certain distance from the probe; in this position if is said that transmission has been focused.
To concentrate the energy transmitted at various distances from the array, the operation described must be repeated varying the focus position each time. However, this procedure requires more than one pulse to obtain each single trace, and therefore drastically delays generation of the complete image. In fact, the same number of traces as the transmit foci used must be acquired to obtain an image. In instruments available on the market it is generally possible to position from a minimum of one focus during transmission to a maximum of a few foci, for the number of images per second presented to the user to remain acceptable.
Ultrasound image focusing is mainly, performed during reception of the ultrasounds. Acoustic lenses are not used in this phase either, but electronic arrangements that simulate the effect. After transmission of a pulse, the ultrasounds propagate in the material being examined, are reflected and return towards the probe. Those coming from a reflector positioned at a certain depth reach the transducers of the array with times that follow a hyperbolic pattern. The electric pulses generated by these transducers are also delayed with the same pattern. Receive focusing consists in adding the electric signals produced by a group of adjacent transducers to the signal of a transducer of the array, after having compensated the delays to which they are subjected. This procedure is repeated for each trace, moving the group of transducers used by one transducer.
As the law regulating the delays with which the ultrasounds reach the array varies according to depth, the one used to compensate these delays must also vary according to the depth to be focused. However, this means that the curve of the delays used in receive focusing varies through time, as with the passing of time ultrasounds coming from increasingly large depths reach the array in the reception phase. This is called dynamic receive focusing. This functions as if there were a lens with variable focus length in front of each transducer during the reception time.
Correct implementation of dynamic receive focusing poses a few practical problems. It is not easy to continuously modify the curve of delays used to combine the traces, discretization of the variations, division of the examined depth into intervals and use of a single curve in each interval may be taken into consideration. The fewer the number of different curves used the worse the results obtained will be. Moreover, in some instruments the curve of delays is not an arc of hyperbola but a branch of parabola that approximates the exact curve: this is further approximation of the ideal case that worsens the results.
Assuming that it were possible to perform it correctly, if receive focusing was the only focusing used, the ultrasound images could be processed to obtain good results. However, scanners generally also use transmit focusing, to combat attenuation to which acoustic waves propagating in the organic tissues are subjected. In these conditions, the ultra sounds reach the transducers with the morphology expected from receive focusing only if they come from the depths corresponding to the transmit foci. The ultrasounds coming from other depths are distorted by transmit focusing and cannot be correctly processed. In this way a resolution is obtained that is not uniform with the depth, only good at the level of the foci used in transmission.
As well as limited resolution, inaccurate ultrasound focusing can produce artifacts in the images, i.e. details that in actual fact are not found in the investigated section.
The most visible effect is in any case extension of each point of the image into a figure whose form and dimensions depend on the depth.
The object of the present invention is to produce a method for transverse focusing, that is parallel to the alignment along which the transducers forming the array of transducers of the probe are disposed, of an ultrasound image that does not have the drawbacks of prior art.
More specifically, the object of the present invention is to produce a focusing method and an ultrasound system that uses said method, which obtains higher quality results in respect of prior art methods.
Essentially, the method according to the invention consists of the following phases:
The last phase also comprises, in practice, an inverse Fourier transform that returns the image to the spatial domain.
In practice, the method according to the invention is based on pulse compression in a lateral direction of the signal acquired with a probe that does not utilize electronic focusing, this operation being preceded by coherent demodulation of the signals acquired.
In order to perform pulse compression in a lateral direction, as the ultrasound images are affected by substantial curvature as discussed hereinbefore, the image was taken to the frequency domain through a transform in the direction orthogonal to the direction of propagation of the pulse. Remapping is performed in the transformed domain to "straighten" the image by moving its points in the direction parallel to the direction of propagation of the pulse in the volume being investigated. Through remapping the curvature of the image is completely eliminated and it is therefore possible to compress the pulse in a lateral direction, thus obtaining a focused image.
In a practical embodiment, the transform in the transverse direction can be a Fourier transform. In view of the complexity of the function that expresses the image signal, this transform may in actual fact be approximated with the principle of the stationary phases. Compression of the signal in the transverse direction consists of three steps: transform, phase and gain compensation, inverse transform. Remapping allows this pulse compression to be implemented through processing performed on lines orthogonal to the direction of propagation of the ultrasounds.
The ultrasonic signal sent in sequence by the transducers to the volume being investigated can be a traditional ultrasound signal. Alternatively, and preferably, though, chirp signals, or frequency modulated signals in general, are used. This makes it possible to obtain deeper penetration thanks to increased signal energy and improved image definition.
When a frequency modulated signal is used, for example with a linear modulation, the signal must be compressed in the direction of propagation, as well as in the transverse direction. This compression is advantageously, although not obligatorily, performed with a time-frequency transform. Also in this case a Fourier transform may be used. Preliminarily, though, the signals reflected from the reflectors and picked up by the transducers of the probe are returned to the base band through coherent demodulation.
Moreover, compression of the signal in the direction of propagation, comprises a phase and gain compensation operation of the signal.
As will be apparent from the analytic explanation of the method of the present invention, the image of the volume being investigated is constructed by sending the ultrasonic signal from the various transducers that are excited in sequence. In practice, therefore, the various transducers of the: array forming the probe are excited one after another, and this occurs analogously in reception. A transducer is excited, transmits an ultrasonic signal and places itself in the condition to receive the ultrasound signal. After an established time, the adjacent transducer in the array is excited, and so on. This differentiates the method described in respect of receive focusing of traditional scanners, which uses a large number of transducers to receive the reflected signal and adds the electric signals obtained to construct a trace of the image.
Focusing operations are performed on all the signals thus acquired, which represent the initial image.
The invention also relates to an ultrasound system comprising at least a probe with an array of transducers aligned according to a transverse direction of alignment, means to excite said transducers in sequence, processing means to receive and process signals reflected from reflectors contained in a volume being investigated in which ultrasonic signals generated by said transducers are propagated, said processing means performing transverse focusing of the ultrasound signal received from said transducers with a method according to one or more of the previous claims.
The invention shall now be better understood by following the description and accompanying drawing, which shows a non-limiting practical embodiment of the invention. More specifically, in the drawing:
1. Description of the Processing Method
The lateral sensitivity of each transducer forming the array has a bell-shaped pattern with a maximum at the level of its axis and a pattern decreasing to zero along the transverse direction, as represented in
A reflector P1 with point, i.e. infinitesimal, dimensions, located in the volume being investigated and which is hit by the wave front generated by a single transducer Tr placed in the position x0 generates an echo that is received by the individual transducers of the linear array that see the reflector P1 within an angle θmax.
The signal received by transducers that see the reflector P1 below an angle greater than θmax is supposed null, that is the sensitivity is assumed null outside this angle. Assuming to work with continuous quantities, not yet sampled, the image generated by the reflector P1 on the array of transducers Tr can be analytically expressed as
to a final frequency
For greater clarity the expression (1) of the signal representing the image received from the array of transducers may be rewritten as:
having assumed
The signal described by expression (2) is a spherical wave, generated by the point reflector P1 and having an influence on the array of transducers forming the probe, that propagates at half the effective speed of the ultrasounds in the means being investigated: processing this signal is equivalent to considering the real situation of the signal that is transmitted by the transducer Tr, influences the reflector P1 and returns at the speed c.
In order to be processed, the signal received must be returned to base band by coherent demodulation. This is obtained with after represented in
Expression (3) uses terms already defined with reference to the previous equations (1) and (2), and also introduces a propagation constant k, equal to or equal to
or equal to
λ being the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, and with
In expression (3) there are two phase contributions represented by two exponential terms: the first is due to the geometry of the problem and depends only on the x coordinate, the second to the frequency modulation of the signal transmitted and depends on both coordinates x and t.
Now that the signal is demodulated, it is advisable to change the time coordinate, t with the spatial coordinate y that represents the distance in the direction of propagation of the ultrasonic wavefront, taking into account that
and therefore change from the function inv(t) to
and from the constant {tilde over (b)} to
With this change of coordinates the signal is defined by the expression:
pp(x,y;x 0 ,r)=C demod a(x;x 0 ,r)p(y−R(x;x 0 ,r))e −j2kR(x;x
Change from the time coordinate to the spatial coordinate could also be implemented in a previous phase of processing. However, performing this after demodulation is advantageous for the purposes of calculation precision In fact, while the time coordinate is measured by the instrument, the spatial coordinate is obtained from the time coordinate by the space-time link represented by the propagation speed c of the ultrasounds in the medium being investigated. This speed is not known exactly, but only estimated and may vary for example as a function of the type of tissue in which the ultrasonic wave propagates. It is therefore advisable to perform demodulation, which utilizes the trigonometric functions sine and cosine in the time variable t, before changing the coordinates.
As the signal generated by the transducer Tr is a frequency modulated signal with a relatively high duration T, in the range of 10–20 microseconds and therefore does not have the form of a pulse, the signal (4) that reflected from the reflector P1 reaches the array of transducers of the probe S has a high duration and therefore, in the absence of adequate processing, the reflector P1 would be seen, on each trace, as a strip of a length in the direction of the y coordinate proportionate to the duration of the signal emitted by the transducer Tr. It is therefore necessary to compress the signal in depth, that is in the spatial y direction, corresponding to the time coordinate t. Compression of the pulse also comprises a phase and gain compensation operation.
Although it is possible to perform the aforesaid operations for phase and gain compensation and depth compression in the signal in the time domain, the calculation is simplified greatly if performed in the frequency domain. For this purpose the demodulated signal, expressed by equation (4), is subjected to a Fourier transform in depth, that is in the y coordinate. The operation to be performed is expressed by:
Owing to the complexity of the function pp(x, y; x0, r) (defined by the expression (4)), the integral cannot be processed in explicit form, It is nonetheless possible to approximate the value by applying the Stationary Phase Principle. This principle, also known as Stationary Phase Method, is a technique for approximating integrals of complex functions with a phase that varies much faster than the module. Assuming to know the function fix), of which the module g(x) and the phase φ(x) are expressed, and wishing to calculate the integral I:
f(x)=g(x)e jφ(x)
For analytic study of the principle reference should be made to the following literature:
Therefore, applying the stationary phase principle to the problem in question, the calculation provides the following result:
The three exponential terms that appear in expression (6) are phase terms. The linear phase term contains information relative to the position (in the frequency domain) of the reflector, while the quadratic term, which derives from frequency modulation of the signal transmitted by the transducer Tr, must be eliminated by the subsequent depth compression operation. In this way the spectrum of a very narrow pulse in the y direction is obtained, placed at the depth R(x; x0, r). In the same step it is also possible to compensate the complex factor introduced by the constant CPFS y and by the next inverse Fourier transform.
Therefore, multiplying the signal expressed by (6) by the quantity
This function represents the signal compressed in depth, that is in the y direction. Finally, an inverse Fourier transform operation in depth is performed. This inverse transform is easy to calculate, now that a simply linear dependence on ωy is obtained both for the phase and for the module, while the quadratic term has been eliminated. By performing the inverse transform of (7) the following is obtained:
pp c(x,y;x 0 ,r)=C demod a(x;x 0 ,r)p IFT(2b(y−R(x;x 0 ,r)))e −j2kR(x;x
where pIFT(w) indicates the inverse Fourier transform of the function p(y). Expression (8) can be rewritten by the substitution {circumflex over (p)}IFT(w)=pIFT(2bw):
pp c(x,y;x 0 ,r)=C demod a(x;x 0 ,r){circumflex over (p)}IFT(y−R(x;x 0 ,r))e −j2kR(x;x
Just as p(y), {circumflex over (p)}IFT(y) (inverse transform of p(y)) is also a window centered on zero, but with much smaller dimensions. As {circumflex over (p)}IFT(y) is cancelled for all the y values that are not next to zero, it approaches a Dirac delta and expression (9) is essentially null everywhere except on the hyperbola y=R(x;x0,r) weighted by the function a(x;x0;r). This gives an image formed of a single curve, as can be seen in
Therefore, in substance the depth compression operation, performed in the frequency domain following Fourier transform in y, compresses the signal received by each transducer of the array forming the probe S as signal reflected from the single reflector P1, in a single point of the hyperbola y=R(x;x0,r).
The signal in this form cannot yet be used to reconstruct the image of the volume being investigated. In fact, the single point reflector P1 is represented in it by a hyperbola with the vertex in the position in which the reflector is located. The signal must be subjected to transverse compression, or in the direction parallel to the x axis, that is parallel to the array of transducers of the probe S. Nonetheless, as each reflector generates an image constituted by a branch of hyperbola characterized by a marked curvature, if transverse compression were to take place without further preliminary processing, there would be a loss of depth definition. Moreover, in the spatial domain the branches of hyperbola constituted by the image generated by several point reflectors at different depths have curvatures that increase as the distance from the array of transducers decreases, that is the smaller the r coordinate at which the reflector is located, the more marked the curvatures are. This means that the various hyperbolas generated by several reflectors intersect, thus making it impossible to distinguish the contributions of the different reflectors. This phenomenon is represented schematically in
Instead, in the frequency domain the aforesaid curves never intersect, as they are disposed along the y axis according to an arrangement with a curvature increasing with y.
Therefore, an operation preliminary to compression in the transverse direction of the signal is the Fourier transform in the transverse direction of the signal compressed in depth represented by expression (9):
The envelope {circumflex over (p)}IFT(y) of the signal compressed in depth, which is not null only when next to zero also appears in expression (10) of the transform. Therefore, with high approximation it can be stated that in the transformed domain (ωx; y) the signal is appreciable only on the curve y=Rω(ωx;r). This curve is centered on the axis of the angular frequencies (ω) and, besides ωx, depends only on the value of r.
The curvature of each branch of hyperbola in the transformed domain (ωx; y) means that the contribution of each reflector is not found at a single depth along the y axis, but on a curve whose depth extension is not negligible. Therefore, it is not possible to perform direct phase compensation for transverse compression. Further processing of the image is first required.
As already mentioned, if several reflectors are present, at different positions in depth (that is with different y coordinates) and in the transverse direction (that is with different ωx coordinates), each of these gives rise to a curve that, due to the expression Rω(ωx; r), has a different curvature to the others and is distinct from these, without superimpositions, as the curvature of the hyperbolas increases with y (
It is therefore possible to apply a transformation to the image defined by expression (11) to restore each curve, characterized by a certain value of r, to a straight line with y constant (that is parallel to the ωx axis of the angular frequencies) and equal to the value of r. By means of the equation y=Rω(ωx;r) by knowing ωx and y it is possible to find r:
The two-dimensional transformation is defined
Expression (15) can be simplified, without making significant errors, thanks to the high value of k, considering the following approximations:
From which expression (15) can be rewritten as:
It should be noted that the signal (16) is significantly different to zero only in the points with {overscore (y)}=r, disposed on a horizontal straight line in the domain (ωx; y), i.e. parallel to the axis of the angular frequencies. The curves in
As can be understood by observing
It is then possible to compensate the phase and in the same step also compensate the factor introduced by the quantity CPFS xCdemod and by the inverse Fourier transform which will complete processing. Thanks to remapping it is possible to exchange y with r in all points of the image and multiply expression (16) by the quantity:
to compensate phase and gain, from which the new signal is obtained:
Phase and module depend linearly on {overscore (ω)}x. This allows exact calculation of the inverse Fourier transform, from which the following expression is obtained:
where aIFT(w; x0, r) indicates the inverse Fourier transform of the function of lateral sensitivity a(x; x0, r). This is also a bell-shaped function, analogous to the function of lateral sensitivity, but much narrower on zero. It may therefore be considered a close approximation of a Dirac delta.
From the image described by expression (1) or by expression (2) equivalent to it, in which a single reflector gave rise to a curve with dimensions comparable to those of the image, it has thus been obtained an image, generated by expression (19), that is null everywhere except in proximity to the point (x0; r) that coincides with the position of the reflector in the space investigated by means of the probe S. The image has therefore been correctly focused. Considering the three reflectors that initially give the image in
The entire processing procedure is represented schematically and summarized in the block diagram in
The processing described is performed in this form when the ultrasound signal is constituted by a signal of a relatively high duration and with modulated frequency, for example with a linear modulation, that is a so-called chirp signal. As the processing indicated above shows, this makes it possible to obtain high signal energies, noteworthy penetration depths and excellent image definition.
Nonetheless, scanners currently available on the market use as excitation signal short pulses which are non-frequency modulated. In this case processing is much simpler although the quality of the image obtained is inferior. To adapt the algorithm described above to this type of signal, it is sufficient to eliminate the three steps of depth compression of the signal (Fourier transform in depth, compensation, inverse Fourier transform). The algorithm assumes the form summarized in the block diagram in
From a mathematical viewpoint, the expression of the signal that constitutes the starting point in this case simplified is no longer given by equation (2), but by
This expression differs from expression (2) due to the absence of the term in which the frequency modulation Δf appears and the different expression of the function inv(y), which describes the envelope of the ultrasonic signal transmitted: in general this window is much narrower than the previous case and equivalent to one or a few cycles of the ultrasound and it approaches a Dirac delta. All the other functions and constants coincide with the case presented above.
From coherent demodulation and from the transition from the time coordinate to the y coordinate, we obtain:
pp(x,y;x 0 ,r)=Cdemod a(x;x 0 ,r)p(y−R(x;x 0 ,r))e −j2kR(x;x
On this signal the same considerations can be made on the module as those made for the signal represented by expression (9), from which it differs only in the function p(y) that appears in place of {circumflex over (p)}IFT(y).
Starting from expression (21) the same steps mentioned previously can be repeated to finally obtain:
Once again it is noted that the only difference from the previous case is the function p(y) in place of {circumflex over (p)}IFT(y).
2. Experimental Results: General Considerations
Functioning of the method described above was verified on real acquisitions, performed both by transmitting frequency modulated signals, and with the normal pulse transmitted by the scanner. In the first case the complete algorithm (
Signals coming from 250 traces and 4096 points per trace were recorded. Each pixel of the images presented corresponds to 0.18 mm in the transverse direction and 18.75 μm in depth; the images processed correspond to sections 4.5 cm in width and 7.68 cm in depth.
In the images referred to hereunder the probe of the scanner is on the upper side of each ultrasound image presented. As indicated on the axes, the y coordinate corresponds to the depth, the x coordinate to the transverse direction, that is parallel to the length of the array of the probe.
In the tests performed with the frequency modulated signal an ultrasonic signal with a duration of 20 μs linearly frequency modulated from 5 MHz to 10 MHz was used. To generate it, an ideal signal was sampled at 40 MHz and 1 bit. The scanner was reprogrammed to excite the probe with this sequence. Thanks to the limited band of the piezoelectric transducers of the probe, the electric signal with square waveform becomes a sinusoidal ultrasound signal which is very close to the ideal one.
The transmitted ultrasonic signal shown in
In the series of tests performed with the pulse normally transmitted by the scanner, the signal that excites the probe is a single square wave cycle at the frequency of 6.67 MHz, which therefore has a duration of 150 ns and is sufficiently narrow to excite the probe on all the available band. The ultrasound transmitted follows the electric pulse sent to the probe reasonably well. Instead, the signal received is much longer than the previous one and has a component with a lower frequency than the excitation frequency, around 4.2 MHz. In coherent demodulation of the second series of tests this second frequency was used to return the signal to the base band.
3. Experimental Results: Image of a Thread Immersed in Water
In a first series of tests the ultrasound probe was disposed perpendicularly to a tinned copper thread, with a diameter of 0.5 mm, taut in water, so that the scanner detected the section. The diameter of the thread can be compared to the distance between two adjacent elements of the array of transducers of the probe, which in this specific case is 0.18 mm. From this it can be foreseen that the section of the thread, should be contained in a maximum of three ultrasound traces, if this is correctly focused in the transverse direction.
Ultrasounds propagate in water at a speed of around 1500 m/s; therefore, they have a wavelength of 0.3 mm at a frequency of 5 MHz and of 0.15 mm at 10 MHz. The diameter of the thread is slightly greater than the wavelength. This means that only the upper part of the thread reflects the incident sound wave in an appreciable manner. Therefore, the thread, already per se small, behaves in a very similar way to an infinitesimal reflector.
The first processing operation on the signal that provides the image in
The subsequent operation performed on the coherently demodulated image is depth compression or focusing, that is in the y direction the results of which can be seen in
After performing depth focusing or compression, that is in the y direction, the image is subjected to the remapping operation, after Fourier transform in the transverse direction, that is in the x direction.
It can be observed that the method of processing of the present invention allows the desired transverse focusing of the image to be obtained, even in the absence of frequency modulation in the initial ultrasound signal. The results are, in fact, similar to those attained with a frequency modulated signal (chirp signal), although there is a worsening of the depth resolution.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 7, 1995
|Aug 11, 1998
|Bofors Underwater Systems Ab
|Digital time-delay acoustic imaging
|Jun 25, 1997
|Aug 10, 1999
|The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania
|System and method for improving ultrasound image contrast by amplitude compression of ultrasonic wavefront signals
|Feb 28, 2002
|Aug 19, 2003
|Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
|High-definition imaging apparatus and method
|May 8, 2000
|Mar 9, 2004
|Aloka Co., Ltd.
|Apparatus and method for improving the signal to noise ratio on ultrasound images using coded waveforms
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 1, 2011
|Aug 18, 2015
|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
|Acoustic imaging
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Apr 1, 2004
Owner name: ACTIS ACTIVE SENSORS S.R.L., ITALY
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BAIGI, ELENA;MASOTTI, LEONARDO;SCABIA, MARCO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:015175/0885
Effective date: 20031127
Owner name: ESAOTE S.P.A., ITALY
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BAIGI, ELENA;MASOTTI, LEONARDO;SCABIA, MARCO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:015175/0885
Effective date: 20031127
|Dec 12, 2006
|Certificate of correction
|Mar 22, 2010
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Aug 3, 2010
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Aug 3, 2010
|Surcharge for late payment
|Feb 4, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


text:
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Cheer on your favourite horse at the Gold Cup at Cheltenham Racecourse, waterski backwards at Cotswold Water Park, do the doggie paddle in Cheltenham Lido, roar with the lions at Burford Safari Park, watch Polo at Cirencester Polo Club, visit the home of one of Henry VIII's wives at Sudeley Castle
Shop in Cheltenham at the Union Project, Olive, Keith Scarrott or Pink Vintage
Oggle at the art in Cheltenham's The Wilson Gallery
Shoot clays with Olympic coach Ian Coley, sing rugby songs whilst watching rugby at Gloucester Rugby Club
Collect seeds from Stanway House Gardens, run naked through Chastleton House Gardens or Hidcote Manor Gardens or climb the adventure playground at the home of Winston Churchill, Blenheim Palace


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Home » Connect with Others » By Area » Boston, MA » Writers
Fiction Writer
Cambridge, MA
JUDITH BETH COHEN'S novel Seasons was published by The Permanent Press of Sag Harbor, New York in 1984. Excerpts appeared first in Ted Solotaroff's quarterly, The New American Review. The book was originally published in German translation by Rowohlt of Hamburg as part of their international New Woman Series (1979). Cohen's stories have appeared in numerous magazines including The North American Review, New Letters, High Plains Literary Review, Sojourner and others. Her reviews and articles have appeared in The Christian Science Monitor, The Dallas-Times Herald, The Boston Herald, The Boston Review, and The Women's Review of Books. Cohen, who won a PEN SYNDICATED FICTION AWARD, has had fellowships to many writer's colonies, including: Hawthornden Castle International Writer's Retreat in Scotland, The Fine Arts Work Center in Provincetown, Yaddo, MacDowell, The Virginia Center, The Tyrone Guthrie Center in Monaghan, Ireland and The Djerassi Foundation in Woodside, California. She has received grants from the Vermont Arts Council, the Mary Roberts Rinehart Foundation, and was a Fulbright scholar in 1987. She is professor Emerita at Lesley University, Cambridge, Ma.
Fiction Writer
Foxboro, MA
An information systems nerd for twenty-plus years, Judith is a survivor of Dilbert-like re-engineering projects, 3:00 a.m. computer crashes and the Millennium Bug. In her writing, she likes to show technology's humor and quirkiness along with its really scary aspects. Occasionally Judith takes a vacation that spins off into a novel. Festival Madness arrived after multiple trips to the Burning Man Festival and years of observing high-tech hi-jinx. World of Mirrors was born when Judith and her husband visited the Baltic island of Rugen shortly after the reunification of East and West Germany Judith is a member of Sisters in Crime, Mystery Writers of America, and Toastmasters International. She has published poems, short stories and memoir as well as an earlier novel, The Shadow Warriors.


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Reviewed By Trent M (Ellensburg, WA) Reviewed for a 2008 Ford F-350 —8/24/2016 8:00 PM
These fill the bill giving protection and security with a common key for other Yakima accessories.
Reviewed By James W (AVON, IN) Reviewed for a 2013 Ford Edge —6/23/2016 10:01 AM
As the title indicates, I am quite happy with the lock....however I almost sent it back as the lock did not seem to work. After I tried it out, I took the lock off and inserted the key in the lock. The locking mechanism snapped shut and I could not get the key out of the lock. I tried and tried....eventually concluding that the lock was broken in some way. Just before I gave up, I decided to push the lock back onto the bolt and VOILA, that allowed me to remove the key. Just be aware of this


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|Sleek and stylish, this adidas by Stella McCartney fleece jacket is a must-have. It features a hood, full-zip entry, quilted panel on front, side pockets, and an adidas by Stella McCartney patch at back.
Hear about the newest women's footwear and apparel and specials as soon as they hit.
All email addresses are kept confidential and used solely by Tennis Warehouse for the above purpose.


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Marrazzo, Jeanne M. MD, MPH*; Stine, Kathleen NP*; Wald, Anna MD, MPH*†‡
Background and Objectives: Sexual transmission of bacterial and viral sexually transmitted disease has been reported between women. No data are available on seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2) among lesbians.
Goal: The goal was to define prevalence of infection with HSV-1 and HSV-2 among lesbians, and associated risk factors.
Study Design: Women who reported sex with another woman in the preceding year were eligible. Medical and sexual histories were obtained. Serum was tested for HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibodies using Western Blot assay.
Results: Among 392 subjects, antibodies to HSV-1 were detected in 46% and to HSV-2 in 8%. Increasing age predicted higher seroprevalence to both HSV types, and HSV-2 seropositivity was associated with a history of male partner with genital herpes. Of 78 women reporting no prior sex with men, 3% were HSV-2-seropositive. Most HSV-2-seropositive subjects (71%) reported no history of genital herpes. HSV-1 seroprevalence increased significantly with an increasing number of female sex partners.
Conclusions: HSV-2 infection occurs in nearly 1 in 10 lesbians and is not predicted by report of sex with men or sexual identity. Most lesbians infected with HSV-2 are not aware of their infection. Sexual transmission of HSV-1 may occur more frequently among lesbians than among heterosexual women.
© Copyright 2003 American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association
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August 29, 2012
DAVID MICHAEL CROOKS,PLAINTIFF,v.DR. VICTOR THOMAS, DEFENDANT.
Chief Magistrate Judge Lisa Pupo Lenihan
ECF No. 6
Currently pending before the Court is Defendant's Motion to Dismiss the Amended Complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, pursuant to Rule 12(b)(1) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (ECF No. 6). For the reasons set forth below, the Court will grant the motion to dismiss.
Plaintiff, David Michael Crooks, commenced this action in forma pauperis on or about
March 24, 2011, asserting a state common law claim of medical malpractice. (Compl., ¶3, ECF No. 2.) Shortly thereafter, Plaintiff filed an Amended Complaint on March 30, 2011. (ECF No. 3.) In his Amended Complaint, Plaintiff alleges that he resides in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. (Am. Compl., ¶1.) He further alleges that the Defendant is a resident of Pennsylvania. (Am. Compl., ¶2.)
Plaintiff injured his ankle during a National Guard drill. He was referred to an orthopedic specialist, Defendant Dr. Victor Thomas, for treatment. (Am. Compl., ¶3.) After several visits, Dr. Thomas recommended that Plaintiff undergo arthroscopic surgery on his left knee. (Id.) The surgery was performed on March 25, 2009. (Compl. ¶3.) Plaintiff alleges that during the surgery, Dr. Thomas found no injury or damage to his knee but shaved out inflammation buildup. (Am. Compl., ¶3.) Following the surgery, Plaintiff contends his pain is worse and more extensive, and additionally, has suffered nerve damage at a portal from the incision during the surgery, which required additional surgery. (Id.) Plaintiff further alleges that another orthopedic specialist, Dr. Akhavan, reviewed the MRIs of his knee both pre- and post-surgery, and indicated he saw no reason for the surgery. (Id.) In addition, Plaintiff contends that his neurologist, Dr. Spiess, has attributed the nerve damage to his knee surgery. (Id.)
Plaintiff alleges that after the surgery, he is unable to be on his feet or walk for more than 15 minutes without "excruciating pain" and has problems sleeping due to the pain. (Id.) Plaintiff claims damages in the amount of $200,000 for pain and suffering, loss of army enlistment bonus, loss of army pay, loss of school tuition, lost wages, and transportation to doctor's visits and physical therapy. Id.
Plaintiff instituted the present action on March 24, 2011. After a period of inactivity, on May 4, 2012, this Court issued an Order to show cause as to why a report should not be issued to a district judge recommending that this case be dismissed for failure to prosecute. (ECF No. 4.) Shortly thereafter, Plaintiff had the Summons reissued on May 22, 2012 and effectuated service on Defendant on May 23, 2012 (ECF No. 5). On June 5, 2012, Defendant filed a Motion to Dismiss (ECF No. 6) and a brief in support thereof (ECF No. 7). The Court entered an order on June 13, 2012 directing Plaintiff to file a response and/or brief to Defendant's motion on or before June 29, 2012. On July 2, 2012, the Clerk's Office docketed a Notice dated June 28, 2012 received from Plaintiff (ECF No. 9), clarifying that "the jurisdiction [he] is using for this case is an option on the forms from the Clerk's Office that [he] filed . . . on March 24, 2011[,]" which is a malpractice suit. Plaintiff also clarified that both he and the Defendant live in Pennsylvania. (Id.)
While the motion to dismiss was pending, on August 28, 2012, Defendant filed a Request for Entry of Judgment against Plaintiff as to the state law professional liability claim against him for failure to file a certificate of merit within the time period required by Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 1042.3.*fn1
A motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b)(1) may be treated as either a facial or factual challenge to the court's subject matter jurisdiction. Patsakis v. Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Am., 339 F. Supp.2d 689, 692 (W.D. Pa. 2004) (citing Mortensen v. First Fed. Sav. & Loan Ass'n, 549 F.2d 884, 891 (3d Cir. 1977)); see also Gould Elec., Inc. v. United States, 220 F.3d 169, 176 (3d Cir. 2000). In the case at bar, Defendant appears to make a facial challenge. In a facial attack, the court must consider the allegations of the complaint as true, in the light most favorable to the plaintiff, similar to a motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b)(6). Mortensen, 549 F.2d at 891; In re Kaiser Group Int'l, Inc., 399 F.3d 558, 561 (3d Cir. 2005) (citation omitted). The Court must liberally construe the factual allegations of Plaintiff's Complaint because pro se pleadings, "however inartfully pleaded, must be held to less stringent standards than formal pleadings drafted by lawyers[.]" Erickson v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89, 94 (2007) (internal citation omitted); Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520 (1972). Further, Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8(e) requires that all pleadings be construed "so as to do justice." Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(e).
Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, possessing only that power conferred by the Constitution and statute. Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am., 511 U.S. 375, 377 (1994) (citations omitted). As the court of appeals explained in Abulkhair:
Jurisdiction in the federal courts is limited, see Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of America, 511 U.S. 375, 377, 114 S.Ct. 1673, 128 L.Ed.2d 391 (1994), and exists in only two circumstances: when a complaint asserts a cause of action under some provision of federal law, see 28 U.S.C. § 1331, or when the parties are of diverse citizenship and the amount in controversy exceeds the jurisdictional minimum of $75,000.00, exclusive of costs and interest, see 28 U.S.C. § 1332.
Abulkhair v. Liberty Mut. Ins. Co., 441 F. App'x 927, 930 (3d Cir. 2011). Moreover, "[t]he basis for federal court jurisdiction must be apparent from the face of the plaintiff's properly pleaded complaint." Id. (citing Caterpillar Inc. v. Williams, 482 U.S. 386, 392 (1987)).
In the case at bar, it is clear from the face of the Amended Complaint that Plaintiff fails to assert a claim "arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States" as required for federal question jurisdiction. 28 U.S.C. §1331. Therefore, subject matter jurisdiction cannot be predicated upon a federal question. Nor can Plaintiff establish that this Court possesses subject matter jurisdiction over this action based on diversity of citizenship. 28 U.S.C. §1332(a). Section 1332(a) provides in relevant part:
(a) The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions where the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $75,000, exclusive of interest and costs, and is between-
(1) citizens of different States[.]
28 U.S.C. § 1332(a)(1). While the allegations in the Amended Complaint successfully plead an amount in controversy in excess of $75,000, they do not establish that the Plaintiff and Defendant are citizens of different states. Rather, the Amended Complaint, as well as the Notice filed by Plaintiff on July 2, 2012 in response to Defendant's motion to dismiss, make clear that Plaintiff and Defendant are both citizens of the same state-Pennsylvania. Accordingly, Plaintiff cannot meet the requirements for establishing subject matter jurisdiction based on diversity of citizenship.
As no other basis exists for this Court to exercise subject matter jurisdiction over this action, the Court will grant Defendant's motion to dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction.*fn2
For the reasons set forth above, the Court finds that it lacks subject matter jurisdiction over this lawsuit. Accordingly, the Court will grant the motion to dismiss filed by Defendant, Dr. Victor Thomas.
A separate order will follow.
By the Court:
LISA PUPO LENIHAN Chief United States Magistrate Judge
David Michael Crooks 91 Kendall Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15202 Via U.S. Mail Counsel of Record Via Electronic Mail
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Using a centuries old wire weaving technique, North Georgia residents can create their own unique sterling silver wire bracelet during a class in Sautee Nacoochee.
Braselton is hosting the new event "Milling Around Downtown" on Saturday, March 14, which could jump-start the town into spring and kick the winter blues to the curb.
Canoes and kayaks will race across Lake Lanier as swiftly as possible Saturday, March 21, in the annual Lula Bridge Race in Gainesville.
While some may not care for the great outdoors, Georgia Foothills chapter of Trout Unlimited works to provide fun and educational activities to the old and young.
With unlimited sampling of more than 300 craft beers, the Suwanee American Craft Beer Fest has become widely known as one of the premier craft beer events in the Southeast and a destination for beer enthusiasts nationwide.
Step back in time to the roaring 1920s and the local Speakeasy as the city of Cornelia celebrates with the Gatsby Gala.
Learning to draw can be as easy as 1, 2, 3, especially with artist Luciano Georgescu teaching.
Helen Arts & Heritage Center is calling all local artists to bring out all those unique pieces created throughout the winter months for its upcoming exhibit.
Even artist Enid Williams finds it ironic that her colorful works were inspired by charts used to test for color blindness.
Art of the "Wild Wild West" will cover the walls of the Bowen Center for the Arts for more than 30 days.
This month means March Madness for some and art madness for others.
Honoring one girl's empowering and courageous tale of inner strength and vitality during World War II, the Center for Puppetry Arts presents its innovative adaptation, "Anne Frank: Within and Without."
An ancient form of puppet theater will materialize before the eyes of audience members at the Sautee Nacoochee Center.
The Holly Children's Theater will hold auditions for "Frog and Toad Kids" from 5-8 p.m. March 10. Auditions are open to children ages 6-12.
The goal was simple: To debut six Wisconsin composers' piano pieces. Each work would compose a single piano solo piece inspired by the culture and wondrous physical features of the state near the Great Lakes.
Page 58 of 195
Artist Chris Lundy has left quite an impression on a local grocery store.
Faux snow will blow into Buford on Nov. 18 as Lanier Islands opens its latest edition of LanierWorld Winter Adventure.
The season for holiday happenings is upon us, and it will soon look a lot like Christmas in Jackson County.
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Roar of the Wurm
Odyssey — Uncommon
Roar of the Wurm is legal in the following formats:
French Commander
Recently viewed cards:
Odyssey — Uncommon
Roar of the Wurm is legal in the following formats:
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TCGPlayer avg. price:
Search your library for up to three basic land cards, put them onto the battlefield tapped, then shuffle your library. You gain 7 life.
Scry 5, then reveal the top card of your library. If it's a creature card, you draw cards equal to its power and you gain life equal to its toughness.
Put a 2/2 black Zombie creature token onto the battlefield tapped for each instant and sorcery card in your graveyard.
Return any number of cards with different converted mana costs from your graveyard to your hand. Put Seasons Past on the bottom of its owner's library.
Surge (You may cast this spell for its surge cost if you or a teammate has cast another spell this turn.)
Return all nonland permanents to their owners' hands. If Crush of Tentacles's surge cost was paid, put an 8/8 blue Octopus creature token onto the battlefield.
Exile all creatures.
Delirium — Put a 4/4 white Angel creature token with flying onto the battlefield if there are four or more card types among cards in your graveyard.
Put four 1/1 red Devil creature tokens onto the battlefield. They have "When this creature dies, it deals 1 damage to target creature or player."
Look at the top ten cards of your library, exile up to two creature cards from among them, then shuffle your library. Target opponent may choose one of the exiled cards and put it onto the battlefield under his or her control. Put the rest onto the battlefield under your control.
As an additional cost to cast Eldritch Evolution, sacrifice a creature.
Search your library for a creature card with converted mana cost X or less, where X is 2 plus the sacrificed creature's converted mana cost. Put that card onto the battlefield, then shuffle your library. Exile Eldritch Evolution.
Destroy target artifact or enchantment.
Investigate. (Put a colorless Clue artifact token onto the battlefield with ", Sacrifice this artifact: Draw a card.")
Search your library for up to two basic Forest cards, reveal those cards, and put one onto the battlefield tapped and the rest into your hand. Then shuffle your library.
Spell mastery — If there are two or more instant and/or sorcery cards in your graveyard, search your library for up to three basic Forest cards instead of two.
Look at the top seven cards of your library. Put up to two planeswalker cards from among them onto the battlefield. Put the rest on the bottom of your library in a random order.
Return up to two target creature cards from your graveyard to the battlefield. Each of those creatures is a black Zombie in addition to its other colors and types. Put Ever After on the bottom of its owner's library.
Search your library for up to two basic land cards and put them onto the battlefield tapped. Then shuffle your library.
Search your library for a basic land card and put it onto the battlefield tapped. Search your library and graveyard for a card named Nissa, Nature's Artisan, reveal it, and put it into your hand. Then shuffle your library.
Choose one or both —
• Create a token that's a copy of target artifact.
• Create a token that's a copy of target creature, except it's an artifact in addition to its other types.
Target creature gets +4/+4 and gains trample until end of turn.
Support 2. (Put a +1/+1 counter on each of up to two target creatures.)
Choose up to one target creature an opponent controls. Each creature you control with a +1/+1 counter on it deals damage equal to its power to that creature.
Target creature you control deals damage equal to its power to target creature you don't control.
Destroy target creature. Its controller loses 2 life and you gain 2 life.
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33858 Rozich Rd., Agua Dulce, CA 91390
- $599,900
- reduced $19,100 on 11/15/2016
- 110 Days on site
- Est: $2,223/month
Estimate Your Monthly Payment
Data provided by Informa Research Services. Payments do not include amounts for taxes and insurance premiums. The actual payment obligation will be greater if taxes and insurance are included. Click here for more information on rates and product details.
- Mortgage Center
- Beds: 3
- Baths: 2 Full, 1 Half
- Single Family Home
- 2,200 sq ft
VIEWS FROM EVERY WINDOW! PEACE AND QUIET TOO! REDONE TOP TO BOTTOM-YOU WILL BE THE FIRST TO LIVE WITH ALL THE NEW APPLIANCES, CABINETS, FLOORING, ETC. IN THIS STUNNING HOME ON 2 ACRES-LOTS OF LEVEL. REMODELED WITH TLC, QUALITY WORKMANSHIP AND MATERIALS! VERY LIGHT AND BRIGHT WITH AN OPEN FLOWING FLOOR PLAN, 2 BRICK FIREPLACES, A KITCHEN WITH FARM STYLE SINK,NEW SOFT CLOSE CABINETS, NEW STAINLESS APPLIANCES, A LARGE QUARTZ TOPPED ISLAND WITH BLT. IN WINE COOLER, QUARTZ COUNTERS WITH GLOSSY SUBWAY TILE BACKSPLASH,UNDER CABINET LIGHTING, RECESSED AND DROP LIGHTS, AND BLT IN DESK. BATHROOMS ARE STRIKING AND UNIQUE WITH DOUBLE SINKS, QUARTZ COUNTERS IN ALL BATHS, DOUBLE SINKS IN MASTER AND GUEST BATH, SHOWER WITH PEBBLE FLOOR AND NOOK IN MASTER. LIVING ROOM AND FAMILY ROOMS EACH HAVE A REAL BRICK FIREPLACE WITH WOOD STORAGE. THE LG. BONUS ROOM WITH A WALL OF WINDOWS MIGHT BE WHERE YOU WILL WANT TO BEGIN AND END YOUR DAY ENJOYING THE PEACEFUL DISTANT MOUNTAIN VIEWS. WOOD FLOORS THRUOUT EXCEPT FOR BEDROOMS AND BATHS WHICH HAVE CARPET AND TILE. LG. LAUNDRY ROOM HAS STAINLESS SINK. NEW WINDOWS, DOORS, PLUMBING AND LIGHT FIXTURES, HVAC, AND ROOF REDONE WITH ORIGINAL SPANISH TILE. GARAGE HAS SEP. ROOM FOR OFFICE/STORAGE. GOOD WELL AND SEPTIC REPORTS AND PAVED ROAD TOO! Click here to learn more about this listing.
- Single Family Home
- Beds: 3
- Baths: 2 Full, 1 Half
Listing Details
- Family Room
- Yes
- Bonus Room
- Yes
- Utility Room
- Yes
- Window Type
- Double Pane Windows
- Appliances
- Dishwasher, Disposal, Icemaker, Microwave, Refrigerator
- Flooring
- Carpeted, Ceramic, Wood
- Architecture
- Spanish
- Lot Features
- Mountain View
- Lot Size
- Approximately 88426 Square Feet
- Parking
- Garage, Parking Space (2)
- Roof
- Tile Roof
- Features
- Lawn Sprinkler System, Stucco Exterior
- Cooling
- Ceiling Fan, Central Air, Central Cooling
- Heating
- Furnace Heat
- Assessed Taxable Amount
- $201,990
- Tax Amount
- $2,261
- Last Transaction Date
- 03/25/2016
- Last Transaction Purchase Price
- $375,000
- Property Type
- Single Family Residence
- Bedrooms
- 3
- Bathrooms
- 3
- Home Size (Sqft)
- 1,851
- Lot Size (Sqft)
- 88,617
- Lot Size (Acres)
- 2.03
- Year Built
- 1985
- Units
- 1
- Heating System
- Central
- Cooling System
- Central Air
Public Facts: As provided by County Assessor and Recorder offices. May not reflect recent additions or improvements. If you see any errors, the best way to get the records updated is to contact your local county records office. If any of the information in this section conflicts with property information provided by a listing agent or broker, agent-provided information should be deemed more reliable.
Local Info
| Median Household Income
| Median Years In Residence
| Median Homeowner Age
| Households with Children
| Percent of Homes Rented
Nearby Elementary Schools
- Agua Dulce Elementary
- 11311 Frascati St
- Mint Canyon Community Elementary
- 16400 Sierra Hwy
- Pinetree Community Elementary
- 29156 Lotusgarden Dr
Nearby Middle Schools
- Green Pastures Cultivation Academy
- 8237 Soledad Canyon Rd
- Shema Christian
- 38990 Rogers Creek Rd
- Leona Valley Elementary
- 9063 Leona Ave
Nearby High Schools
- Green Pastures Cultivation Academy
- 8237 Soledad Canyon Rd
- Shema Christian
- 38990 Rogers Creek Rd
- Vasquez High
- 33630 Red Rover Mine Rd
These are the closest schools to your requested location. Proximity does not guarantee enrollment eligibility. Please consult your real estate agent or school district to confirm the schools you are zoned to attend.
Mortgage Rates
Data provided by Informa Research Services. Payments do not include amounts for taxes and insurance premiums. The actual payment obligation will be greater if taxes and insurance are included. Click here for more information on rates and product details.
Property Contact Info
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