text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 21, 2006
|Filing date
|Sep 10, 2003
|Priority date
|Feb 21, 2002
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Roger C. Thede, Kevin R. Evans
|Original Assignee
|Medwave, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (37), Referenced by (6), Classifications (14), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/081,574, filed Feb. 21, 2002, entitled "Disposable Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Sensor" by Roger C. Thede and Kevin R. Evans.
The present invention relates to systems and devices for measuring arterial blood pressure. In particular, the invention relates to a two-piece sensor interface assembly for a non-invasive blood pressure measurement device, including a disposable sensing unit.
There has been a continuing need for devices which will measure blood pressure non-invasively and have accuracy comparable to invasive methods. Medwave, Inc. the assignee of the present invention, has developed non-invasive blood pressure measurement devices which are described in the following United States patents: U.S. Pat. No. 5,450,852 entitled CONTINUOUS NON-INVASIVE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM; U.S. Pat. No. 5,640,964 entitled WRIST MOUNTED BLOOD PRESSURE SENSOR; U.S. Pat. No. 5,642,733 entitled BLOOD PRESSURE SENSOR LOCATOR; U.S. Pat. No. 5,649,542 entitled CONTINUOUS NON-INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM; U.S. Pat. No. 5,720,292 entitled BEAT ONSET DETECTOR; U.S. Pat. No. 5,722,414 entitled CONTINUOUS NON-INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM; U.S. Pat. No. 5,738,103 entitled SEGMENTED ESTIMATION METHOD; U.S. Pat. No. 5,797,850 entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CALCULATING BLOOD PRESSURE OF AN ARTERY; U.S. Pat. No. 5,941,828 entitled HAND-HELD NON-INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT DEVICE; U.S. Pat. No. 6,159,157 entitled BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT DEVICE WITH SENSOR LOCATOR; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,241,679 entitled NON-INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE SENSING DEVICE AND METHOD USING TRANSDUCER WITH ASSOCIATE MEMORY.
As described in these patents, the Medwave non-invasive blood pressure measurement device determines blood pressure by sensing pressure waveform data derived from an artery. As varying pressure is applied to the artery by a sensing chamber, pressure waveforms are sensed by a transducer to produce sensed pressure waveform data. The varying pressure maybe applied automatically in a predetermined pattern, or may be applied manually in a somewhat random fashion. The sensed pressure waveform data is analyzed to determine waveform parameters which relate to the shape of the sensed pressure waveforms. One or more blood pressure values are derived based upon the waveform parameters. The Medwave blood pressure measurement devices include both automated devices for continuously monitoring blood pressure (such as in a hospital setting) and hand-held devices which can be used by a physician, or by a patient when desired. These devices represent an important improvement in the field of non-invasive blood pressure measurement.
The non-invasive blood pressure measurement device is typically comprised of a housing unit with a sensor interface assembly attached thereto. The sensor interface assembly includes electrical circuitry, sensing means, including a transducer, and means for applying variable pressure to the artery. The sensor interface assembly is expensive to manufacture and in particular, the most expensive cost associated with it is the electrical circuitry. A problem arises in the hospital, or a clinical setting, where multiple patients use a limited number of non-invasive blood pressure measurement devices. When the sensor interface assembly becomes contaminated or damaged, it is expensive to have it replaced. Therefore, a sensor interface assembly is needed that is less expensive to replace in the non-invasive measurement device.
The present invention relates to a non-invasive blood pressure measurement device for determining blood pressure of an artery. The device comprises a housing unit, a base unit and a sensing unit. The base unit is pivotally connected to the housing unit. The base unit includes electrical circuitry, a flexible ring, and a receptacle. The sensing unit includes a pressure transducer for sensing pulses of the underlying artery having a sensing surface, a flexible diaphragm having an active portion for transmitting blood pressure pulses of the underlying artery, interface means coupled between the sensing surface of the transducer and the flexible diaphragm for transmitting the blood pressure pulses within the underlying artery from the flexible diaphragm to the sensing surface of the transducer, a compressible ring, and connection means for detachably connecting the sensing unit to the receptacle of the base unit.
Housing unit 16 contains the electrical components of measurement device 10. Placement guide 14 is connected to housing unit 16 at the base of housing unit 16. Placement guide 14 straddles the styloid process bone, automatically placing sensing unit 28 over the underlying artery. The shape and configuration of housing unit 16 allows it to hang on the patient's wrist, using placement guide 14 as a type of hook. Housing unit 16 includes a pressure platform 32, which is a flattened depression directly above sensor interface assembly 24. In operation, the user (medical personnel) applies pressure on pressure platform 32 with a thumb or finger. The hold-down force from the user's thumb applies a force in an axial direction (i.e., axial direction with respect to a central cylindrical axis of sensor interface assembly 24) to wrist 12 of the patient. The axial force is transmitted from pressure platform 32 of housing unit 16 to sensor interface assembly 24.
Patient identification toggle 20 is used to organize the recorded blood pressure information with respect to a particular patient. After actuating power switch 22, the user selects the specific patient for which blood pressure will be measured by pressing patient identification toggle 20. In one embodiment, display panel 18 displays a patient identification number for the currently selected patient. The patient identification number changes as patient identification toggle 20 is pressed. In one embodiment the user can scroll through a list of 16 patient identification memory locations.
Power switch 22 is actuated to turn on power to the circuitry within housing unit 16. Timing circuitry within housing unit 16 automatically turns power off after a predetermined period of inactivity. Actuation of switch 22, after the unit is turned on, causes display panel 18 to indicate previous readings of blood pressure and pulse rate.
Base unit 26 is pivotally connected to housing unit 16 by connection assembly 30 and sensing unit 28 is detachably connected to base unit 26. Connection assembly 30 allows sensor interface assembly 24 to pivot near the wrist surface to accommodate the anatomy of the patient. Because base unit 26 is pivotally coupled to the housing unit about a low pivot point, sensor interface assembly 24 is permitted to be stably positioned above the underlying artery. In addition, the low pivot point enables the user to apply a more direct, uniform force on sensing unit 28 (as discussed below). Thus, the hold down pressure is more uniformly applied to the anatomy above the underlying artery. As pressure is applied by housing unit 16 toward the artery, that force is transferred from housing unit 16, through connection assembly 30 to base unit 26, to sensing unit 28.
As seen by
When device 10 is placed on the patient, pad 42 contacts the palm side of the wrist of the patient, while hook 40 wraps around the backside of the wrist. Placement guide 14 is made of a flexible plastic so as to fit all patients, with the styloid process bone fitting into notch 50 of opening 48. Opening 48 also allows sensor interface assembly 24 to come in contact with the patient's wrist. Pad 42 becomes a pivot point about which force is applied.
Relying on a cantilever type action, device 10 allows the user to apply a force at pressure platform 32 of housing unit 16. Housing unit 16 pivots about pad 42, and sensor interface assembly 24 applies an axial force to the underlying artery.
Device 10, with placement guide 14 and the cantilever type action, allows sensor interface assembly 24 to be consistently placed in the proper position, and the hold-down force to be consistently applied in the axial direction with respect to wrist 12. Instead of having to palpate wrist 12 to identify the location of the radial artery, a user simply places device 10 adjacent wrist 12 so that placement guide 14 hooks onto the patient's wrist with guide ribs 44 and 46 straddling the projection of the styloid process bone. Placement guide 14 and the cantilever type action greatly simplifies the procedure of applying pressure by the user, because the user no longer controls the direction and angle at which pressure is applied with respect to the patient's wrist. The force applied to the artery is swept in an increasing fashion so the pressure waveform data from a series of pulses are obtained with different amounts of force being applied. To achieve the desired pattern of variable force, user feedback is preferably provided with device 10.
In an embodiment where the user applies pressure, feedback is in the form of a visual counter on display panel 18. As the user begins to apply pressure, a number is displayed corresponding to the amount of pressure applied by the user. As the user increases the applied pressure, the displayed number proportionally increases. The user (medical personnel or patient) is previously instructed to increase pressure smoothly so that the displayed counter increases one integer at a time, approximately one per second. If the user increases the hold-down pressure too quickly, the displayed counter will also jump quickly through the corresponding numbers to indicate the choppy applied pressure. The user applies greater pressure until device 10 shows the resulting blood pressure measurements on display panel 18. Alternatively, the feedback to the user can be audible tones and/or visual movable bars. The process of applying force in response to audible tones and/or visual movable bars on display panel 18 is fully described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,941,828, entitled "Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Sensor With Motion Artifact Reduction", which is incorporated herein.
After the measurement, the user can then view the blood pressure reading. In a preferred embodiment, display panel 18 provides a digital readout of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as pulse rate. An indication of memory location (by number) corresponding to the patient is also displayed. As soon as the reading is complete, device 10 is ready to take another reading. There is no need to clear display panel 18. Device 10 stores a predetermined number of previous readings (such as the last 10 readings). To review prior readings, patient identification toggle 20 or power switch 22 is pressed to cause a different reading from memory to be displayed on display panel 18.
Measurement device 10 also includes an external connector (not shown) which is a five pin connector that is used to transmit and receive data, recharge a battery (not shown) contained within housing unit 16 and provide an alternative power source to device 10. The external connector allows device 10 to be connected to a docking station (not shown) so that its internal battery can be recharged, and the collected blood pressure information can be downloaded to a central system. Device 10 can be used by a nurse or other employee in a hospital setting to collect blood pressure and heart rate information from a series of patients.
After blood pressure and heart rate data are obtained, the nurse places device 10 into a docking station coupled to a central computer (not shown), which can transmit a command via the external connector to device 10. In response, device 10 outputs blood pressure and heart rate information, already organized with respect to particular patients (with the patient identification toggle 19), via the external connector. Concurrently, the rechargeable battery within device 10 is being recharged, and power is supplied to device 10 from the docking station or central computer via the external connector, while device 10 is in the docking station. The central computer can then maintain a central database for all of the patients in the hospital, with the heart rate and blood pressure information automatically being downloaded into the database from device 10.
Electrical connector 52 electrically couples base unit 26 with housing unit 16. Additionally, power for sensing unit 28 is delivered via electrical connector 52.
Base unit 26 is pivotally connected to housing unit 16 by connection assembly 30 (as seen in
Sensing unit 28 is detachably connected to base unit 26 by connection means 34 (shown in
Flexible ring 64 is defined by side wall diaphragm 66 and upper capture 70. Side wall diaphragm 66 is formed from a generally circular sheet of flexible material, such as polyurethane, and is preferably filled with fluid. Diaphragm 66 bulges outward when flexible ring 64 is filled with fluid. The outer edge portion of diaphragm 66 is held between top plate 54, outer ring 62 and upper capture 70. The inner edge portion of diaphragm 66 is held between inner ring 60 and upper capture 70. Ring 64 is compressible and expandable in the vertical direction so as to be able to conform to the anatomy of the patient surrounding the underlying artery. As a result, the distance between top plate 54 and the patient's anatomy can vary around the periphery of flexible ring 64 according to the contour of the patient's anatomy. Furthermore, because fluid is permitted to flow through and around ring 64, pressure is equalized around the patient's anatomy.
Connection means 34 is preferably comprised of alignment element 36 and electrical connectors 38. Electrical connectors 38 are connected to and extend from pressure transducer 90. Electrical connectors 38 are received by connector receptacles 78 (not shown) located on base unit 26. Electrical connectors 38 provide the connection between transducer 90 and the electrical circuitry of base unit 26. Alignment element 36 is received by alignment receptacle 80 (not shown) of base unit 26 to precisely position electrical connectors 38 within the corresponding connector receptacles of base unit 26. As seen in
Compressible ring 88 is generally annular and is preferably formed from a foam rubber or other pulse dampening material, such as open cell foam or closed cell foam. Ring 88 is centered about flexible diaphragm 86 and positioned above diaphragms 84 and 86. Compressible ring 88 is isolated from fluid coupling medium 96 within sensor chamber 94 formed by diaphragms 84 and 86. The compressibility of ring 88 allows ring 88 to absorb and dampen forces in a direction parallel to the underlying artery. The forces are exerted by the blood pressure pulses on sensing unit 28 as the blood pressure pulses cross flexible diaphragm 86. Because compressible ring 88 is isolated from fluid coupling medium 96, the forces absorbed or received by ring 88 cannot be transmitted to fluid coupling medium 96. Instead, these forces are transmitted across compressible ring 88 and flexible ring 64 to top plate 54 (shown in
Rings 64 and 88 apply force to the anatomy of the patient to neutralize the forces exerted by tissue surrounding the underlying artery. Rings 64 and 88 are compressible in height, thus the height of the side wall of sensor interface assembly 24 will decrease as it is pressed against the patient.
Inner diaphragm 84 is an annular sheet of flexible material having an inner diameter sized to fit around diaphragm capture 82. An inner portion of inner diaphragm 84 is trapped or captured, and preferably adhesively affixed, to the lip of diaphragm capture 82. Inner diaphragm 84 is permitted to initially move upward as flexible diaphragm 86 conforms to the anatomy of the patient surrounding the underlying artery. As compressible ring 88 is pressed against the anatomy of the patient surrounding the artery to neutralize or offset forces exerted by the tissue, flexible diaphragm 86 is also pressed against the anatomy and the artery. However, because inner diaphragm 84 is permitted to roll upward, sensor chamber 94 does not experience a large volume decrease or a large corresponding pressure increase. Thus, sensor interface assembly 24 permits greater force to be applied to the anatomy of the patient through compressible ring 88 to neutralize tissue surrounding the artery without causing a corresponding large, error-producing change in pressure within sensor chamber 94 as the height of the side wall changes and the shape of flexible diaphragm 86 changes. As a result, sensor interface assembly 24 achieves more consistent and accurate blood pressure measurements.
Flexible diaphragm 86 is a generally circular sheet of flexible material capable of transmitting forces from an outer surface to fluid coupling medium 96 within sensor chamber 94. Diaphragm 86 is coupled to inner diaphragm 84 and is configured for being positioned over the anatomy of the patient above the underlying artery. Diaphragm 86 includes an active portion 98 and a non-active portion 100 or skirt. Non-active portion 100 constitutes the area of diaphragm 86 where inner diaphragm 84 is heat sealed or bonded to diaphragm 86, preferably adjacent compressible ring 88. Active portion 98 of flexible diaphragm 86 is not bonded to inner diaphragm 84, and is positioned below and within the inner diameter of ring 88. Active portion 98 of diaphragm 86 is the active area of sensing unit 28 which receives and transmits pulse pressure to pressure transducer 90.
Fluid coupling medium 96 within sensor chamber 94 may consist of any fluid (gas or liquid) capable of transmitting pressure from flexible diaphragm 86 to transducer 90. Fluid coupling medium 96 interfaces between active portion 98 of diaphragm 86 and transducer 90 to transmit blood pressure pulses to transducer 90. Because fluid coupling medium 96 is contained within sensor chamber 94, which is isolated from compressible ring 88 of sensing unit 28, fluid coupling medium 96 does not transmit blood pressure pulses parallel to the underlying artery, forces from the tissue surrounding the underlying artery, and other forces absorbed by compressible ring 88 to transducer 90. As a result, sensing unit 28 more accurately measures and detects arterial blood pressure.
Sensing unit 28 of sensor interface assembly 24 permits accurate and consistent calculation of blood pressure. Because of the large sensing surface 92 through which blood pressure pulses may be transmitted to transducer 90, sensing unit 28 is not as dependent upon accurate positioning of active portion 98 of flexible diaphragm 86 over the underlying artery. Thus, sensor interface assembly 24 is more tolerant to patient movement as measurements are being taken.
Connection means 34 of sensing unit 28 are used to detachably connect sensing unit 28 to base unit 26. Connection means 34 also provide an electrical connection between the two units. Connection means 34 extend from transducer 90 of sensing unit 28 and are received by lower receptacle 58 of base unit 26. Connection means 34 is preferably comprised of alignment element 36 and electrical connectors 38. Electrical connectors 38 are connected to and extend from pressure transducer 90. Electrical connectors 38 are received by corresponding connector receptacles 78 located within inner mounting ring 60 of lower receptacle 58. Electrical connectors 38 provide the connection between transducer 90 and electrical circuitry 68 of base unit 26. Alignment element 36 is used to precisely position electrical connectors 38 within connector receptacles 78 of base unit 26. Alignment element 36 of sensing unit 28 is received by alignment receptacle 80 within inner mounting ring 60 of lower receptacle 58. Proper alignment between sensing unit 28 and base unit 26 is needed for electrical connectors 38 to be connected at connector receptacles 78. Sensing unit 28 can be individually detached from base unit 26 (and thereby housing unit 16) and replaced by another sensing unit.
The blood pressure measurement devices of the present invention determine blood pressure values from the sensed waveform pressure amplitudes sensed by sensing unit 28 and from other parameters derived from the pressure amplitudes using a stored set of coefficients. Base unit 26 includes electrical circuitry 68 which transmits pressure data sensed by transducer 90 of sensing unit 28 to a microprocessor (not shown) in housing unit 16 (
Transducer 90 senses fluid pressure communicated to transducer 90 within sensing unit 28 and supplies an electrical signal through electrical connectors 38 to electrical circuitry 68. The sensed pressure data output of transducer 90 is typically an analog electrical signal representative of sensed pressure. The signal is amplified by an amplifier and applied to an input of an analog-to-digital converter. The A/D converter converts the analog signal to digital data which is transmitted to the electrical circuitry 68. Electrical circuitry 68 transmits the data to the microprocessor where a plurality of parameters are derived using the sensed pressure data received from transducer 90. The microprocessor determines a blood pressure value using the derived parameters, along with universal coefficients ascertained from clinical tests.
The blood pressure measurement device of the present invention calculates a systolic blood pressure value and a diastolic blood pressure value based upon the sensed pressure data transmitted by transducer 90. The blood pressure values are determined by using parameters derived from waveform pressure amplitudes based upon the sensed pressure data and coefficients obtained from clinical data. A pressure amplitude is determined at each sample point. The parameters may be calculated from shape characteristics of the waveform pressure amplitudes or parameters calculated from functions, such as curves based upon relationships between particular points of several waveforms. Once the parameters to be used in calculating blood pressure values are selected, coefficients corresponding to each parameter must be determined and applied. Coefficients represent the relationship between a particular parameter set and the resulting blood pressure value to be determined from that particular parameter set. Coefficients are initially ascertained from clinical tests upon patients having known blood pressure values. Each particular coefficient is preferably ascertained so as to be applicable for calculating blood pressure values from the derived waveform parameters of all patients. Alternatively, individualize coefficients may be used to calculate blood pressure values from derived waveform parameters of particular patients falling within a particular age group or other specialized groups.
Sensor interface assembly 24 achieves a zero pressure gradient across active portion 98 of the sensing unit 28, achieves a zero pressure gradient between transducer 90 and the underlying artery, attenuates or dampens pressure pulses that are parallel to sensing surface 92 of transducer 90, and neutralizes forces of the tissue surrounding the underlying artery. Sensor interface assembly 24 contacts and applies force to the anatomy of the patient across non-active portion 100 and active portion 98 of flexible diaphragm 86. However, the pressure within sensor chamber 94 is substantially equal to the pressure applied across active portion 98 of flexible diaphragm 86. In addition, because fluid coupling medium 96 within sensor chamber 94 is isolated from ring 88, pressure pulses parallel to the underlying artery, forces from tissue surrounding the underlying artery, and other forces absorbed by ring 88 are not transmitted through fluid coupling medium 96 to transducer 90. Consequently, sensor interface assembly 24 also achieves a zero pressure gradient between transducer 90 and the underlying artery. The remaining force applied by sensor interface assembly 24 across non-active portion 100, which neutralizes or offsets forces exerted by the tissue surrounding the underlying artery, is transferred through the side wall (rings 64 and 88) to top plate 54. As a result, the geometry and construction of sensor interface assembly 24 provides the proper ratio of pressures between non-active portion 100 and active portion 98 of flexible diaphragm 86 to neutralize tissue surrounding the underlying artery and to accurately measure the blood pressure of the artery.
Sensing unit 28 is detachably connected to base unit 26 such that sensing unit 28 may be replaced if contaminated or damaged. The blood pressure measurement device is typically used for non-invasively monitoring blood pressure in a hospital setting, by a physician or a patient. During use, the sensing unit 28, which contacts the patient's anatomy, may become contaminated or damaged. In addition, the blood pressure measurement device may be used by multiple patients within one facility. To lower the costs associated with the blood pressure measurement device, it is desirable to have a low cost solution which enables the use of a single device with multiple patients. The present invention serves this purpose. To avoid contamination between patients and for more efficient use of the device by multiple patients, sensing unit 28 is disposable and a new one is used for each patient. Sensing unit 28, including pressure transducer 90, is detachable from base unit 26. Sensing unit 28 of sensor interface assembly 24 has a lower manufacturing cost than base unit 26 because of the electrical circuitry associated with base unit 26. A disposable sensing unit 28 is desirable because it is less expensive to replace than an entire sensor interface assembly, including base unit 26. Therefore, upon contamination or damage to the sensor unit portion of sensor interface assembly 24, the base unit is retained while the sensing unit is disposed of and replaced.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the present invention has been described for use with a device for manually applying hold down pressure to take blood pressure readings. However, the present invention is equally applicable to and intended to be used with devices that automatically apply hold down pressure.
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|Jun 28, 2010
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Effective date: 20101121


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Dell Alienware Aurora AAS-2263MSB PC Desktop Reviews
- Other Desktops:
- Average: 4.3
- High: 5.0
- Brand:
- Dell
Read 1 Review
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Reviewed by 1 customer
Comments about Dell Alienware Aurora AAS-2263MSB PC Desktop:
I love this computer. I was able to customize it to fit my needs! I have used it for gaming, school, finances, and everything else!
Ease of Use
Dell products have always been easy to use. This one is no different.
Hardware Quality
You can customize the hardware to meet exactly your needs. I haven't had anything fail yet, and I've had this computer quite a while. It's awesome quality that lasts.
Support & Service
I haven't had to use the Support & Service with this computer. I assume it's great since the product itself is great. Dell and Alienware do it right the first time so you don't have to use their support or warranty.
I rarely clean out my computer, and I haven't had a problem yet. It's built to last and withstand little or no physical maintenance.
Everything is put together in the case with enough room for plenty of airflow. This keeps everything running smoothly, and it keeps it cool.
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Cottage in Castle Combe, Wiltshire in a scenic location beside By Brook river
The property overlooks By Brook, the river which runs through Castle Combe and is ideally positioned for exploring Castle Combe . The village has a convenient car park at the top of the hill, and some on street parking over the bridge at the bottom of the village. There are two pubs and a gift shop Court Cottage Gifts, in the middle of the village. The Manor House Hotel with its Michelin starred restaurant a few minutes walk from the cottage.
A garage is available for guests use during their stay at the cottage .
The living room also has a log burning stove.
Top Traveller Review
Much nicer than it looks!
About the Owner
The owner has enjoyed this beautiful cottage and exploring the surrounding area for many years. Castle-Combe has long been considered one of the prettiest villages in England and our friends who have used the house have loved the history and beauty of Castle-Combe.
1 Reviews
5 based on 1 holidaymaker reviews
Much nicer than it looks!
Fantastic couple of nights in this beautiful cosy cottage - the photos don't do it justice, they make it look a bit shabby and dreary which couldn't be further from the truth. It is light and airy, nicely decorated with a good lay out and good sized rooms and a comfortable sitting room. Kitchen is well equipped and everything in good working order and top spec. Lots of lovely walks from the door and road cycling was amazing - lots of quiet roads with no cars on them for miles. The cottage is 5 mins walk from 2 pubs with fab food. The Michellin star restaurant over the road was quite stuffy and very over priced cocktails though so I wouldn't recommend this! Bring your own supplies as no corner shop. Lovely place for a weekend stay and would definitely go back.
From the Owner
"Acquired in 2002 Porch House, Castle Combe is a very special place.A roof beam in the house has been dated to have been felled in 1468 so the property in parts is over 550 years old. The Street it stands on has recently been selected as one of the Top 50 streets in the British Isles and features in Melanie Backe-Hansen's book " Historic Streets and Squares" where she claims it is the most photographed street in England. Originally a weavers cottage (see the bobbin hooks in the ceiling in the hall) the house is a great blend of old and new which will transport you back to a earlier time while offering today's modern conveniences. As owners we love it but feel with a 600th anniversary approaching we are simply custodians of this piece of history & look forward to you sharing the same feeli"
Activity and Interests
Special interest holidays:
Badminton 10 minutes. Dyrham Park 15 minutes.
Within approximately 30 minutes are the City of Bath, Box, Bradford on Avon, Bristol, Corsham,Chipping Sodbury, Cirencester, Lacock, Malmesbury, Tetbury, Westonbirt
All within 50 minutes Bowood, Longleat, Avebury, Stonehenge, Marlborough, Westbury White Horse, Salisbury.
Opposite the property is the entrance to The Manor House in and its Michelin starred restaurant and Whately Manor is also within easy reach with its fine restaurants.
For entertainment the historic City of Bath can be reached is just 25 minutes by car. There are many fine historic buildings and museums to visit as well as a varied selection of shops. In Porch House there is a book for visitors with useful information on what to do in Castle-Combe and the surrounding area.
Castle-Combe has good access to the surrounding Cotswolds and to Bath. It is located just 15 minutes off the M4 and 25 minutes from Bath.
Bath approx 14 miles, Chippenham 6 miles, Bristol 20 miles.
Rental rates
|Rental Period
|Minimum Price
|Additional Nights
|Weekend Night
|Event Price
Rate 1
11 Sep 2016 - 19 Dec 2016
3 night minimum stay
for 3 nights
Rate 2
20 Dec 2016 - 3 Jan 2017
5 night minimum stay
for 5 nights
Additional pricing information
|No additional mandatory fees
|Refundable Damage Deposit
Booking Notes:
We can accept bookings for short or long stays. Please see website for weekly prices and availability. Minimum booking is for 3 nights and £550.
Changeover day: We take bookings for short or long stays so have no fixed changeover days. Arrival time is after 4pm and departure time is by 10am.
Booking notes
To book we ask for a 25% deposit which secures the reservation. The balance is payable 8 weeks prior to arrival. A security of £250 is requested with balance & returned at end of stay. Payment by Credit cards accepted.
Changeover Day:
Flexible at most times of the year, subject to minimum stay 3 nights.
Notes on prices:
Prices from £550 for a 3 night stay or £700 per week in low season, to £1250 for 7 nights in high season.
Payment may be made by transfer or credit card.
Payment terms are 25% deposit payable at time of booking to secure your reservation and the balance is payable 4/5 weeks before arrival date.
This can be paid by Pre authorisation on the credit/debit card used to pay for stay at the cottage .
Owner's Cancellation Policy
- 12
- Available arrival
- 12
- Available
- 12
- Unavailable
Property Type
- cottage
- Family
- Sports & Activities
- Fireplace
- Garage ...
- Hair Dryer
- Heating
- Internet
- Iron & Board
- Linens Provided
- Living Room ...
- Parking ...
- Towels Provided
- Tumble Dryer
- Washing Machine
- Wood Stove
- Coffee Maker ...
- Dishes & Utensils
- Dishwasher
- Kitchen ...
- Microwave
- Oven
- Refrigerator ...
- Hob
- Toaster
- Dining Area
- Books
- DVD Player
- Stereo ...
- Television ...
- non smoking only
- pets not allowed
Location Type
- rural
- village
- churches
- museums
- restaurants
Leisure Activities
- bird watching
- scenic drives
- sight seeing
- walking
Sports & Adventure Activities
- cycling
- golf
- hiking
- Bathroom 1 - Toilet, Bath with Shower
- En suite shower room - Toilet, Shower Enclosure
- Shower room - Toilet, Shower Enclosure
- 3 Bedrooms, Sleeps 6
- Bedroom 3 - 2 Single Bed
- Bedroom 2 - 1 Double Bed, With en-suite shower facilities
- Bedroom 1 - 1 Extra Lg. Double Bed, En-suite bathroom with shower located on the top floor
- Golf ...
- Garden
- Self-catering
- Notes on accommodation: No pets allowed. Not suitable for children under 5 years old. There is a single garage available nearby if required. Outside: To the rear of the property is a private courtyard which leads on to the main garden which is laid to grass & shrubs. There is patio furniture seating for use by guests during their stay at Porch House. All bedding and towels are provided. For stays over over 7 days, linen and towels are changed weekly. Central Heating throughout the cottage keeps the property warm. Large L-shaped hallway with flagstone floor.


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J'aimerais pouvoir manger sain et rapide, et je compte sur les marmiteurs pour m'y aider!
Alors aux fourneaux! :D
City: 92700 colombes
Website: http://wizville.fr
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92700 colombes
I wanna cook
Cooking something?
Whatever it is, sell a few portions on Super Marmite! It's a great way to interact with your local community and to get real feedback on your cuisine :)Post a meal


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Active Advisories
The following modern restrooms are temporarily closed due to issues with the well pump:
-- restrooms and showerhouse in Campground 1
-- restrooms at the park store
-- restrooms at the Holland Dam
Contractors will be working on entrance doors to the Capitol Building beginning on Thursday, December 8, 2016 and continuing through Wednesday, December 14th. Each entryway indicated in the schedule below will be temporarily closed while work is being completed. Visitors will need to use alternate entryways on those days.
Rough areas, minor debris and downed trees can occur at any time on any section of the trail due to weather variations. Staff and equipment could be encountered on the ...
Katy Trail State Park will be closed beginning Monday, December 5, 2016 from MM 229.2 at Hwy 65 to MM 230.8 at West 32nd Street in Sedalia due to maintenance work. There is NO detour available for this closure. The trail is scheduled to reopen on January 1, 2017.
The Missouri American Indian Cultural Center will be closed Dec. 10-11, 2016. It will reopen as usual on Dec. 17.
Drinking fountains in public day use areas are turned off for the winter season. Drinking water is still available in the restrooms at the visitor center and at a frost-free spigot at the maintenance area.
The vault toilet in the Buteo Day Use Area and Showerhouse 1 in the campground are temporarily closed to allow for removal and preparation of a new vault toilet and restroom/showerhouse.
Section Between Griessen Road to Boonville Street in Sedalia Temporarily Closed - Katy Trail State Park
The section of Katy Trail State Park from Griessen Road to Boonville Street in Sedalia will be closed beginning Monday, November 14, 2016 until further notice. Cyclist will need to use the road route provided below to connect from Griessen Road to the Sedalia Depot.
The following parks will be closed on the specified dates...
Beginning Nov. 15, all water spigots in Trail of Tears State Park will be turned off to allow for repairs to the water line until further notice. Campers and visitors will have no access to water during this time, and should plan accordingly.
Several of the modern restrooms at trailheads with this amenity have been winterized and closed for the season. It is anticipated those will reopen April 1, 2017. All vault toilets will remain open over winter. Additionally, portable toilets have been placed at several of the winterized trailheads as a convenience to trail users.
Below is a list of trailheads with restrooms that remain open, and a list of trailheads with restrooms that are closed.
Because of freeze-thaw cycles and extended wet conditions historically experienced during this time period, the equestrian trail in Gans Creek Wild Area is closed Nov. 1, 2016, through May 31, 2017. The trail remains open to hikers. Bicycles and other mechanized equipment are not allowed in the wild area.
Campground 2 will be closed Oct. 3-Dec. 31, 2016, to allow for removal of the showerhouse and construction of its replacement.
During this time, Campground 1 will remain open and available for reservation.
Due to a water issue, drinking water and restrooms are temporarily unavailable at Elephant Rocks State Park.
The park office is temporarily closed due to fire damage.


text: Located in Etxalar, Pensión Idarenea is within the vicinity of Grotte de Sare and La Rhune. This pension is within the region of Cuevas de Zuggaramurdi and Chantaco Golf Club. Make yourself at home in one of the 2 guestrooms. Prepare your meals in the shared/communal kitchen. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available to keep you connected. Bathrooms have shower/tub combinations and hair dryers. Take in the views from a terrace and a garden and make use of amenities such as complimentary wireless Internet access. This pension also features babysitting/childcare (surcharge), a hair salon, and tour/ticket assistance. Getting to nearby attractions is a breeze with the area shuttle (surcharge). Enjoy a satisfying meal at a restaurant serving guests of Pensión Idarenea. A complimentary continental breakfast is served daily. Featured amenities include luggage storage and laundry facilities. A roundtrip airport shuttle is provided for a surcharge (available on request), and free self parking is available onsite.


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What's New @ Cirque School
LGBT Workshop
Sunday, November 13
For more details, click here.
Today's Classes
- Aerial 101
- Advanced Aerial Fitness
- Aerial 101
- Flexibility & Stretch 101
- Fabric/Hammock 102
- Trapeze 102
- Aerial Rope- Corde Lisse
- Intermediate Trapeze Tricks
- Acro Fit 101
- Inter. Contortion Tricks
- Intermediate Fabric Tricks
- Single Point Trapeze
- Partner Balancing
Cirque School uses training, performance, and community outreach to inspire an appreciation for the circus arts in a supportive, noncompetitive environment. Cirque School welcomes individuals of all ages [14 & Up], sizes and abilities. Cirque School's classes help build an individual's physical and mental wellness through one of the most intense, exhilarating and safe circus arts programs ever developed. Taught by circus professionals who maintain the highest safety standards at all times., students have fun while gaining the strength, and flexibility to achieve the maximum potential from their bodies.
Whether you're here to challenge your body and get out of the gym, to smooth out your performance and create an act, or simply to try something new, Cirque School has a program for you.
Aloysia Gavre, a Cirque du Soleil veteran, founded Cirque School in 2004 with a vision to create an opportunity for "anybody with any body" to run away with the circus.
Enlightening and Empowering
Southern California's Top Workouts. #6 is Cirque School for the best workout in L.A.
New Ways to Get High on Exercise. Cirque School's alternative programming is head and shoulders above your usual workout.


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This Clip Pouch is the smart way to carry your Smartphone! The black swivel clip attaches to your backpack, belt loop, or purse to give you quick and easy access to your phone. It also includes a belt loop/strap attached to the back of the pouch for more carrying options.
The Velcro security flap closure keeps your phone safe and secure no matter where you go! This case is also lined with a soft nylon material to keep your smartphone scratch free and has a mini pocket inside to store extra memory cards or ear buds.
Great for your active lifestyle!
Also great for toting sunglasses, cameras, or iPods.
Shop with Confidence
Expert advice available weekdays 8am-5.30pm ET at (866) 757-7752
"My experience with you on this order has been excellent. My items have or are arriving as I type and the communication has been detailed and timely. Thank you!"
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0,00 Euro
Fender Reissue '51 Precision Bass
Butterscotch blonde, Classic Series, made in Japan
Fender Reissue '51 P-Bass
- Esche Body
- Maple Neck
- Vintage Style Reverse Tuning Machines
- 20 Vintage Style Frets
- 1 Original Single-Coil Precision Bass Pickup
- Original Precision Headstock Shape
- Farbe: Butterscotch blonde
The '51 Precision Bass combines great traditional P Bass® tone in a classic package that bass freaks, as well as players and collectors, will love! It's a special edition P Bass with maple fingerboard, ash body and detailed vintage styling. It features the original P Bass headstock shape, one vintage single-coil pickup and two-saddle bridge. The look, feel and vibe of this bass are classic Fender®. It speaks of decades of bass history and tradition, and besides › it looks and sounds cool!


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Need a Hepatitis B Titer in North Branch, MN? Simply order online 24/7 and get a fast, affordable Hepatitis B Titer at a lab near you (Find More Locations):
Why would I get a Hepatitis B Titer?
The Hepatitis B Titer is a blood test used to measure the Hepatitis B titer level. People in in North Branch, MN order the Hepatitis B Titer for general screening or for a school, job, or vendor credentialing organization requirement.
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Students to compete in skill event
PARKERSBURG – A group of area students will test their creativity and engineering skills in May at the Ten80 NASCAR Student Racing Challenge in Charlotte, N.C.
The students are seniors in the engineering technology program at the Caperton Center for Applied Technology. The student team known as Mountain Muscle will compete May 17 against student racing teams from across the United States.
The annual event is sponsored by NASCAR and is a project-based competition based on STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics) curriculum. Students use electric radio controlled (RC) cars to create products and work together in ways that parallel the preparation of NASCAR teams. Student teams showcase their work and compete over the Internet and nationally in categories including project management, race engineering, aerodynamic design, alternative energy, creative engineering and graphic design.
This is the second year students from the Caperton Center have participated in the event.
"Last year was our first year competing, and the team won aerodynamic design," said Curtis Shriver, engineering technology instructor at the Caperton Center, on the campus at West Virginia University at Parkersburg. "This year is a whole new group and they are entering more categories and hoping for more wins."
One of those categories in the robo racecar where students must design a self-driving vehicle. The car is programmed to run a race course and must complete the course on its own without outside aid.
Edward Krinock, of Parkersburg High School, is part of the group working on the robo racecar, and said this year's harsh winter and numerous missed school days mean the team is scrambling to get its work done before the competition.
"With all of the snow days we haven't been able to do as much early on, but we're really getting into it now," he said.
While challenging, Krinock said he didn't feel the work was difficult.
"My favorite part is the programming. I'm really into computers," he said. "The most challenging part is probably the wiring because there is so much to do. That's definitely not my favorite part."
The team also will compete in the areas of aerodynamics, alternative engineering and creative engineering.
Deke Westbrook, of Williamstown High School, is part of the aerodynamics competition, the area in which last year's team won. Westbrook said the goal this year is to construct a car body even better than last year's model.
"Our challenge is to make a high-downforce, low-drag car," he said.
Westbrook said the team is using multiple body stylings, including last year's design, to find the correct mix of aerodynamic elements.
"I think it's pretty good," what they have so far, he said.
The engineering program students hail from all three Wood County Schools high schools. Shriver said he believes the team has the potential this year to bring home multiple wins.
"They have interests and talents all over the place," he said. "I am looking for a lot of good things out of these guys."
Mountaineer Muscle is currently contacting local businesses for sponsorship opportunities, in order to raise the necessary funds to travel to Charlotte to compete in the national competition. For more information on how to make a donation or become a team sponsor, contact Curtis Shriver, engineering technology instructor at CCAT, at 1-304-483-2278 or by e-mail at email@example.com.


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MMA Plus caught up with Scotland's Steven Ray ahead of his UFC debut in Krakow, Poland, against Poland's own Marcin Bandel watch video >>
Swedish middleweight Nico Musoke spoke to those in attendance just minutes after his debut win at UFC Fight Night 30 over Alessio Sakara watch video >>
MMA Plus speak to TUF Nations finalist Sheldon Westcott before his UFC Fight Night Krakow match-up with Pawel Pawlek. watch video >>
MMA Plus spoke with Joanne Calderwood ahead of her UFC Fight Night bout with Maryna Moroz in Krakow, Poland on April 11. watch video >>
MMA Plus speak to Poland's own Damian Stasiak before his fight with Yaotzin Meza at UFC Fight Night in Krakow. Damian Stasiak hoping to make his mark in UFC debut. watch video >>
MMA legend Mirko 'Cro Cop' Filipovic spoke to the media ahead his headline rematch against Gabriel Gonzaga at UFC Fight Night in Krakow, Poland. watch video >>
Magomed Mustafaev spoke exclusively to MMA Plus ahead of his UFC Fight Night 69 fight at the o2 World Arena in Berlin. Please note: Any unauthorised downloading of this video is illegal and will be watch video >>
MMA H.E.A.T.'s Karyn Bryant spoke with Michelle Waterson about her upcoming fight with Angela Magana, set for the TUF 21 Finale. Michelle also talks about the advice she received from teammate Holly watch video >>
INSIDE MMA correspondent Ron Kruck catches up with UFC fighter and former WWE World Heavyweight Champion Phil "C.M. Punk" Brooks and former UFC Heavyweight Champion and four-time WWE World Heavyweigh watch video >>
CM Punk talks to Karyn Bryant about preparing for his UFC debut. Watch the latest UFC ON FOX content: http://foxs.pt/ZEONsH Connect with UFC ON FOX Online: Visit the UFC ON FOX WEBSITE: http:// watch video >>


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Crouching low amid the sparse vegetation of the African bush, a trio of lion cubs lollop towards me. Our eyes meet. Branches crack. It's hot,... ...http://www.vogue.in/content/this-is-how-virtual-reality-will-change-your-world/
Pressat 2016-11-28 Monday 28 November, 2016 With a streak of rainbow colour, Gay Pride returns to Brazil's Olympic city The Olympics may be... ...http://www.bizwireexpress.com/showstoryPressat.php?storyid=7635
By Alexandra Ulmer RIO DE JANEIRO (Reuters) - There could hardly have been a better backdrop for adding surfing to the 2020 Tokyo Olympics than... ...http://www.sportskeeda.com/surfing/dude-rio-riders-celebrate-as-surfing-to-be-tokyo-2020-sport/
Rio de Janeiro, Aug 6 (IANS) It's hard to imagine a more fitting venue for the 2016 Olympic beach volleyball competition than Rio's emblematic... ...http://www.sportskeeda.com/beach-volleyball/olympics-burnish-copacabanas-status-as-beach-volleyball-mecca/
Last weekend the 1st Amateur Olympic Championship took place at the Olympic Course in Rio de Janeiro where International Amateur golfers competed... ...http://www.travelandtourworld.com/news/article/we-golf-awarded-the-first-amateur-medallist-golfers-on-olympic-soil/
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Sunday, July 10, 2016
Like slow-motion pyrotechnics, Firemaggot's music ignites gradually, with the restraint of minimalism and the potential energy of a powder keg. The trio came together as a laboratory for compositional ideas, and continue to challenge themselves to give intelligent, raw expression to new sounds.
// Firemaggot \\
- Nate May, Fender Rhodes
- Will Wagner, bass
- Ben Bratton, drums
// Rob Kokochak Trio \\
- Rob Kokochak, guitar
- John Bostwick, drums
- Brogan Dutcher, bass
Venue Information
Urban Artifact 1660 Blue Rock Street Cincinnati, OH 45223View Larger Map and Get Directions


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Demand for the iconic Ford Mustang continues to rise! But why should you wait? With its full-throttle V8 power, it is designed to deliver pure exhilaration, while its sleek body will get you noticed.
No wonder it is the world's best-selling sports coupé. The thrill you will get behind the wheel of a Mustang is a given, but for the first time the new design incorporates 19" wheels, selectable driver modes, and fully independent rear suspension. All you need is a muscle shirt!
Supplied by Lynford Motors
Valued at $66,643
Rebel without a pause! Less limit, more sky. Imagine a sunny afternoon driving along West Coast Highway with the soft top open. The BMW 2 Series Convertible is sleek and muscular, like a finely tuned athlete. Even with the roof closed, its dynamic contours and sporty proportions make it a real head-turner. Now including an optional contrast-colour soft-top, the BMW 2 Series Convertible's most striking feature can come to the fore, throwing caution to the wind and awakening the senses.
Supplied by Auto Classic
Valued at $78,340
A powerful, expressive presence, the Mercedes-Benz GLC 250 is right for any lifestyle. This vehicle bears unmistakably strong character, athletic lines and curves that will get under your skin. The GLC 250 is a reliable and accomplished companion in all life's situations. Blending timeless design and comfort with cutting-edge engineering, this is a car that is always raring to go!
Supplied by Diesel Motors and Westpoint Star
Valued at $75,114
The Prado will take you anywhere in style. Whether it's inner-city traffic away on holiday, or a family weekend down south, you'll always be travelling first class. Boasting bold, contemporary style, the Prado is purpose-built to turn heads while giving you plenty of 4WD muscle to handle the tough stuff. Combine this with an abundance of intelligent features and outstanding creature comforts, the Prado will help you arrive safe, refreshed and relaxed, whatever the destination.
Supplied by City Toyota.
Valued at $69,673
The very first glimpse, your breath will be taken away by the Audi A3's dynamic contours, taut and muscular design; it sheds a whole new light on the term "sedan". Sporty, elegant and confident, the Audi A3 is eye-catching. Step inside and you will find a high-quality interior, and an extraordinarily comfortable ride. With the Audi A3 you will be ready to discover the world anew.
Supplied by Audi Centre, Perth.
Valued at $50,849


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Tony Tecate & Bre Wrapping Gifts At Dimple!
They are wrapping your gifts this Thursday (12/8/16) at Dimple Records 11am-1pm!
Listen To Win! Tickets To Holiday In The Park at Six...
Text To Win! Tickets To See G-Eazy & Lil Yachty!
Listen to Nina all week-long at 9PM for the keyword and text it to 41025.
Beyoncé Makes 'Time' Magazine's 'Person of the Year'...
Melissa Harris-Perry reviews Beyoncé's bold statements in 2016.
Kanye's 'Famous' Video Recreated By...Dogs?
These b----es were already famous.


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Create an Account - Increase your productivity, customize your experience, and engage in information you care about.
December 24, 2016 - December 25, 2016
January 1, 2017 - January 6, 2017
View All Calendars is the default. Choose Select a Calendar to view a specific calendar. Subscribe to calendar notifications by clicking on the Notify Me button, and you will automatically be alerted about the latest events in our community.
December 12, 2016, 6:00 PM @ Broadview Heights City Hall
December 12, 2016, 6:30 PM @ Broadview Heights City Hall
December 12, 2016, 7:00 PM @ Broadview Heights City Hall
December 12, 2016, 7:30 PM @ City Hall
December 19, 2016, 7:30 PM @ City Hall
December 27, 2016, 7:30 PM @ City Hall
December 10, 2016, 2:00 PM @ Brecksville Library
Local historian Don Faulhaber, author of "Images of Broadview Heights", relates stories of this fair city's past. Books will be available for purchase and signing.
December 10, 2016, 7:00 PM @ Assumption Church
Church of the Assumption Music Ministry is hosting its annual Christmas Concert, "Treasures of Christmas". Take some time out to enjoy the season through this uplifting concert of worship. The choir is directed by David Bird and is accompanied by a live orchestra consisting of many area musicians. This inspiring program will be followed by a dessert reception in the Fellowship Room. This event is free and open to all!
December 12, 2016, 7:00 PM @ Brecksville Library
What do Sesame Street, British Airways, Apocalypse Now, The Marx Brothers and Citizen Kane have in common? Opera, of course! This multimedia presentation will show how opera is woven into the fabric of American popular culture.
December 15, 2016, 7:00 PM - 9:00 PM @ Brecksville Broadview Heights High School Auditorium
December 17, 2016, 2:00 PM @ Brecksville Library
Teens in grades 6-12 can help out at the library, enjoy fun activities and meet new friends. This month teens will be making blankets for Project Linus. Registration is required and a parent or guardian must sign a release for participants to enjoy snacks. Sponsored by the Friends of the Brecksville branch library.
December 19, 2016, 7:00 PM @ Brecksville Library
Grades 5-12 are invited to come to the library for a ukulele jam session. It's okay if you don't know how to play. We will teach a few songs using 2-3 chords. Please let us know when signing up if you have your own ukulele.
December 24, 2016 - December 25, 2016


text: Sorry mods for the other Thread but i guess this is the best place for this!!! First i did not create this mod here is the ppl who done that, my only work is the 2 backgrounds update!!! so all proops go to those guys!!! Guitar Hero TTR Mod Mod by Jeremy Bogdan TTR by Nate True Icon by Dustin Schau updated backgrounds by kint INSTRUCTIONS FOR INSTALLATION: 1. SSH Into the iPhone (Google Search for instructions) 2. Access your /Applications directory (above the Root directory) 3. Copy the TTR.app folder to your desktop for backup 4. Open the TTR.app folder on the iPhone or ipod touch 5. Copy all of the files from this archive into the folder 6. Enjoy! don't forget to turn off your iphone or ipod touch to make it work!!!


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Sorry, this product is no longer available!
Shimano SLX M675 Disc Brake Set & Rotors is no longer available at Merlin Cycles. However you may find an alternative or updated product below.
Shimano SLX M675 Disc Brake Set & Rotors is no longer available at Merlin Cycles. However you may find an alternative or updated product below.
Shimano SLX M675 Disc Brake Set & Rotors
This item was discontinued 7th December 2016.
If you require help finding an alternative to this product please contact customer services.
Rear Brake Options
Front Brake Options
- Sorry, Out of Stock
Front Rotor Options
- Sorry, Out of Stock
Rear Rotor Options
- Sorry, Out of Stock
- Sorry, Out of Stock
Code: BRM675-KIT
- The hydraulic disc brake (BL/BR-M675) provides huge progress in braking, control and heat management.
- The new compact caliper with oversized one-way bleeding 22mm ceramic pistons is combined with a lightweight lever.
- The lever is lighter than the current version, yet provides more brake power!
- Brake lever with Servo Wave technology, adjustable reach and great ergonomics. Servo Wave for quicker engagement and up to 20% more stopping power. The brake levers are I-spec certified, this means I-spec shifting levers mount directly to the brake lever clip.
- Brake cylinder with opposed ceramic-pistons: High brake performance in a lightweight construction.
- Supplied with standard pads, not the finned type as pictured
- Complete front and rear set of brakes, supllied ready bled
- Includes 2 RT66 160mm 6 bolt rotors
- Both calipers are post mount fitting (160mm) you will need to buy additional Shimano brackets if you want to fit to IS mounts
Please enter your e-mail address below then click Notify Me to be notified when this item comes back into stock. We will not use your e-mail address for any other purpose.
Free shipping on this item to United States
Mr henryVery easy to fit, and fantastic braking with adjustable reach, perfect for small or large hands
GedskiReally easy to fit (compared with the 9-year-old Avid Juicy 7s they replace). Only tested on road so far and they seem to have great stopping power despite only 160mm discs. Great service and price too.
RossHad a couple of these now and they are great simple, cheap, reliable brakes with good feel, stopping power and easy to service.
Mr Frankland-DaviesCan't fault them so far. Easy to install and seem really quality. Had to upgrade from squeaky Elixir 3's and am so happy with the silent non binding Shimano. Slowly upgrading the bike to Shimano components.
Mr PreeceUpgraded from some basic Avids and the difference is night and day! XTR performance without the pricetag, yes they're not as pretty but they stop damn well. Once you get used to the power they are brilliant brakes. They have without a doubt made me faster.
Mr hintonBrakes work great, nice upgrade from my Elixir 5`s. Nice lever feel and plenty of power.
Mr EdwardsThese are top notch brakes, easy to fit, easy to shorten the hoses with all parts provided, discs included and one finger stoppage, would recomend.
Andy DLove these brakes! Fitted to upgrade from some cheaper after-market disc brakes. The feel is excellent (although barely bedded in) and performance in the wet is also strong. Fitting was pretty straight forward - once I had found the bleeding instructions on the Shimano website, managed to shorten the hoses without the need for a bleed kit - I just had to loosen the reservoir cover when pushing the pistons back in to get them right back into the calipers (make sure levers are level when doing this!). Shimano's instructions here: http://www.shimano.com/publish/content/global_cycle/en/us/index/tech_support/tech_tips.download.-Par50rparsys-0008-downloadFile.html/02)%20Brake%20Hose%20Trimming.pdf
Mr BlakestonBought these brakes for my budget winter bike, very impressive and powerful, look good come with everything you need to shortern hoses etc, I am considering buying another set for my summer bike.
Mr MooreExcellent brakes at an excellent price and delivered excellently, as is usual at Merlin. So easy to cut down the hoses without having to bleed the caliper or lever too. Took me 30 minutes to fit ...try doing that with some other makes.
Mr HendersonExcellent quality brakes at a very affordable price. Much better that Avids.
trevorVery smooth brakes, I had bottom of the range shimano hydraulic brakes and you can't compare it to these. Worth the upgrade!
JamieBrilliant bit of kit at a good price. Replaced my Avid Elixir 1`s for these and couldn`t be happier. Easier to service than the Avids, more consistent performance with more than enough power. A little heavier than some brake kits but recommend these to anyone.
Northern cyclistMuch much better than the old OEM Shimano brakes I replaced. So good that you don't notice them. Stop fast, nice short lever for one finger braking. Box comes with extra bits for shortening the hoses too so you can set them up just right. It's a pretty easy job and they don't need bleeding afterwards.
Mr DixonGreat brakes at an incredible price. Easy to fit, and easy to shorten the hoses without a bleed by following Shimano instructions online. A marked improvement on my aging Avid Juicy 3s.
Mr EdesonReceived these brakes today and within an hour they were fitted, hoses trimmed and dialled in! Without a shadow of doubt these brakes are leaps and bounds ahead of the horrid avids that I have been running (elixir 9s). There's no softness and the feed back from the rotor to the lever only encourages you to push that bit harder. As for the finish and fit its the usual Shimano standard, I would recommend these brakes to anyone.


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Simon McGrath provides a patient-friendly version of a peer-reviewed paper which highlights some of the most promising biomedical research on ME/CFS ...
Discuss the article on the Forums.
Complete remission of symptoms when I have hay fever - anyone else had this?
Discussion in 'Immunological' started by Woolie, Jan 6, 2014.
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For half a millennium, paper has been at the center of the academic enterprise, not just conceptually but architecturally, with many campuses arranged with the library at their center. Now, though, the core academic functions of collaboration, publication, dissemination, and argument are being virtualized. This change challenges many organizational and cultural assumptions, and moves the role of information and communication technology from a support function into the center of the academic enterprise.
Podcast: Academic Completion in a Lifelong Learning Universe: What's That?
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Information technology is having a profound impact on our ability to support improved persistence, attainment, and completion for adult learners. Improved metrics, reduced time to and cost of degrees, and better assessments are permanent changes in the education landscape. IT also has changed the meaning of completion from a fixed objective in time to a repeating cycle with multiple "end points" in the learner's life. I will analyze this new meaning of completion and its implications for workplace education, accreditation, financial aid, and the academic calendar as well as the higher education economic model.
Podcast: Teaching in an Age of Plenty
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Podcast: MOOCs: The Coming Revolution?
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Podcast: The "New Normal" and the Need for Adaptation in Higher Education
Speaker: Kimberly Tuby, Vice President/Senior Credit Officer, Moody's
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Podcast: Using Predictive Analytics to Improve Student Success
Speaker: Tristan Denley, Provost and Vice President for Academic and Student Affairs, Austin Peay State University
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Ian Gow Memorial Centre parking
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- Pevensey and Westham Station 1.35 miles away
- Pevensey Bay Station 2.17 miles away
Nearby Attractions
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- Sovereign Centre 1.82 miles away
- Go Kart Centre 1.86 miles away
- The Parade Bowling Club 2.12 miles away
- Redoubt Fortress 2.23 miles away
Nearby Hospitals
- Ian Gow Memorial Centre 0 miles away
- East Sussex NHS 1.72 miles away
- Princes Park Health Centre 1.72 miles away
- The Eastbourne Osteoporosis Centre 2.53 miles away
- Manor Park Surgery 2.56 miles away


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decided: February 11, 1975.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, APPELLEE,v.DENNIS DRUMMOND, APPELLANT
Appeal from judgment of conviction for conspiracy to possess and distribute heroin, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a), 846, entered after jury trial before Thomas C. Platt, J., in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. Affirmed.
Kaufman, Chief Judge, Feinberg and Mansfield, Circuit Judges.
FEINBERG, Circuit Judge:
Dennis Drummond appeals from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, Thomas C. Platt, J., convicting appellant of conspiracy to distribute heroin. 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a), 846. Judge Platt sentenced appellant, under 18 U.S.C. § 4208(a)(2), to five years in prison followed by a special parole term of five years. This was the same sentence appellant had received from another judge after an earlier trial for the same offense. That conviction was reversed by us in United States v. Drummond, 481 F.2d 62 (2nd Cir. 1973).*fn1 On his second appeal to this court, appellant again does not challenge the sufficiency of the evidence against him. Rather, he argues that the delay in his retrial violated the Eastern District's speedy trial rules and the United States Constitution. Appellant also complains of an evidentiary ruling. We affirm the judgment of conviction.
Our prior opinion ordering a new trial was handed down on July 5, 1973. For some reason not disclosed in the record, the mandate of this court did not issue until September 14, 1973, and was not received in the Eastern District until September 19. In accordance with procedures then in effect a different judge -- Judge Travia -- was that day randomly selected for the retrial. On October 1, Judge Travia began intensive proceedings in a criminal trial that eventually lasted nine months, until July 5, 1974.*fn2 No further steps were taken in appellant's case until April 12, 1974, when it was called before Judge Travia and adjourned for three weeks. A few days later, appellant moved to dismiss the indictment for failure to commence the retrial within the time period required by the Eastern District's speedy trial rules. Early in May, Judge Travia denied the motion and, still engaged in the long criminal trial, reassigned the case to Judge Platt, who was soon to be sworn in as a district judge. A mandamus petition in this court seeking to prevent the trial was denied, without prejudice to consideration of the issue on appeal, on May 21, 1974.*fn3 Appellant renewed the motion to dismiss before Judge Platt and for the first time also raised his constitutional right to a speedy trial. Judge Platt denied this motion, and trial commenced on July 11, 1974.
Appellant's principal claim is based upon Rule 6 of the Eastern District's Plan for Achieving Prompt Disposition of Criminal Cases (the Plan). That Rule reads, in pertinent part:
Where a new trial has been ordered . . . by an appellate court, it shall commence at the earliest practicable time, but in any event not later than 90 days after the finality of such order unless extended for good cause.
Appellant's argument is simple. The retrial here did not begin within 90 days "after the finality of" our order requiring a new trial*fn4 and there was no "good cause" for the delay. Therefore, the indictment should have been dismissed. The Government responds that a rigid reading of Rule 6 as inflexibly directing dismissal if a retrial is not actually held within 90 days is impractical and unnecessary. The Government argues that the Rule is part of an integrated speedy trial plan, which has as its goal the elimination of prosecutorial delay. Since the United States Attorney was at all times ready to try this case, Judge Platt correctly refused to dismiss the indictment.
The difficulty with the Government's position is that the language of Rule 6 is squarely against it. Rule 6 does not say, as do other Rules in the Plan, that the Government must be ready for trial within 90 days;*fn5 it says that the new trial "shall commence" by the specified time limit. Furthermore, Rule 5 of the Plan, dealing with excluded periods of delay, provides:
In computing the time within which the government should be ready for trial under Rules 3 and 4, the following periods should be excluded . . . . [Emphasis added.]*fn6
No mention is made of Rule 6. It is true, as the Government points out, that its construction of Rule 6 was embodied in the Rule's predecessor, which was part of the Second Circuit Rules Regarding the Prompt Disposition of Criminal Cases, adopted January 5, 1971 (Second Circuit Rules). The provision governing retrials in the Second Circuit Rules merely defined the starting date of the six-month period during which "the time [for retrial] shall run" and did not deviate from the general scheme of requiring only that the Government be ready for trial within defined time periods.*fn7 After promulgation of the Second Circuit Rules, however, the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure were amended to require the federal district courts to adopt plans for the prompt disposition of criminal cases, subject to approval by the judicial council of the circuit. Fed. R. Crim. P. 50(b). See Hilbert v. Dooling, 476 F.2d 355, 356 n.2 (2d Cir.) (en banc), cert. denied, 414 U.S. 878, 38 L. Ed. 2d 123, 94 S. Ct. 56 (1973). Rule 6 of the Eastern District Plan tracks the language of the retrial provision in the model plan circulated by the Administrative Office of the United States Courts in response to amended Fed. R. Crim. P. 50(b) and is identical to the analogous rules adopted in the five other district courts in the circuit.
As compared to the earlier Second Circuit Rule, Rule 6 of the Eastern District Plan reduced the period allowed for retrial from six months to 90 days and substituted a command that the retrial commence by the specified date for the requirement merely that the Government be ready. It may be that those who accepted the Administrative Office recommendation, including the Judicial Council, focused primarily on the former change rather than on the latter. Be that as it may, we do not see how the plain language of Rule 6 can be ignored. Moreover, there is much to commend the change in emphasis embodied in Rule 6. The Government will be ready without delay to retry most defendants who obtain reversals on appeal. By hypothesis, the Government usually has recently concluded trials of these cases. Thus, to emphasize the Government's need to be ready would generally be an empty formality. Moreover, cases ordered for retrial are probably, though not necessarily, of older vintage than those scheduled for initial trial. Accordingly, it would be in the public interest to try them promptly to avoid the risk that evidence might disappear or witnesses' recollections be dimmed.*fn8 In short, both the plain language of Rule 6 and the policy behind it require us to reject the Government's construction of the Rule.
This, however, does not end the matter. Rule 6 provides that the period for retrial may be "extended for good cause." In view of the rigidity of the command of Rule 6, we believe that in this case the escape hatch of "good cause" must be construed with an awareness of the practicalities. When the case was assigned to Judge Travia on September 19, 1973, he was about to start proceedings in an unusually complex criminal trial, which lasted nine months. See note 2 supra. Once the schedule of a long, multi-defendant trial is fixed, a district judge cannot easily reschedule it to accommodate even another short trial. Appellant answers that Judge Travia might have transferred the Drummond case to a different judge sooner, or tried to squeeze it in between sessions of the Bernstein trial. The first response is a strong one. We agree with the admonition of the First Circuit, quoting then Circuit Judge Blackmun that:
Where a multiple-judge court uses the individual calendar system, all judges must share responsibility for the prompt disposition of criminal cases, must employ a team approach to those cases, and, when necessary, must reassign them in order that they may be tried according to the commands of the Sixth Amendment and Criminal Rules 48(b) and 50. If a judge is otherwise long committed in another case or is delayed in getting to the criminal cases on his calendar by reason of illness, personal misfortune or press of other business, this obviously does not serve to toll the enforcement of the right of a defendant awaiting trial on that judge's criminal calendar.
See United States v. Fay, 505 F.2d 1037, 1040 (1st Cir. 1974), citing Hodges v. United States, 408 F.2d 543, 551-52 (8th Cir. 1969). See also United States v. Rucker, 150 U.S. App. D.C. 314, 464 F.2d 823, 827 (1972) (McGowan, J.); United States v. DeLeo, 422 F.2d 487, 495-96 (1st Cir. 1970). Cf. United States v. Fernandez, supra, 480 F.2d at 729.*fn9
On the other hand, the prosecution was ready to try Drummond again without undue delay and obviously misapprehended the change brought about by the Eastern District Plan adopted a few months before. The new Rule was a departure from the former requirement of prosecutorial readiness only, which still permeated the rest of the Plan. Rule 6 does not mention any sanction for failure to comply with it and was adopted without any published focus on the change for retrials. Also, while we would not ordinarily regard a defendant's inaction as significant in enforcing the speedy trial rules,*fn10 in the context of this case and on these facts, we point out that Drummond was free on bail throughout the relevant period*fn11 and made no request that the judge reassign the retrial. Finally, a significant portion of the delay here was not due to any failure in the district court but to unexplainable delay by this court in issuing the mandate. Under all the circumstances, we regard the relevant time period as extended "for good cause" until Judge Travia reassigned the case to Judge Platt and it was called by Judge Platt shortly thereafter.*fn12 Cf. United States v. Bowman, 493 F.2d 594, 597-98 (2d Cir. 1974). Since Judge Platt was ready to try the case almost immediately,*fn13 the command of Rule 6 was not violated.*fn14 We stress, however, that we will not tolerate a delay of this sort occurring in the future. See United States v. Bowman, supra, 493 F.2d at 598. Both the United States Attorney and the judge to whom a retrial is assigned should closely monitor its progress. Otherwise, under the Speedy Trial Act of 1974, which establishes new outside limits for the commencement of retrials, see note 8 supra, the Government may face dismissals of indictments involving serious charges.
We turn now to the remaining issues in the appeal, which require less discussion. Citing Strunk v. United States, 412 U.S. 434, 37 L. Ed. 2d 56, 93 S. Ct. 2260 (1973), and Barker v. Wingo, 407 U.S. 514, 33 L. Ed. 2d 101, 92 S. Ct. 2182 (1972), appellant argues that his constitutional right to a speedy and fair trial, as well as his rights under the Plan, were violated. However, the one-year delay was not excessive. United States v. Infanti, 474 F.2d 522, 527-28 (2d Cir. 1973). Nor is there any indication that the delay was caused by deliberate prosecutorial effort to postpone the trial. See Barker v. Wingo, supra, 407 U.S. at 531; United States v. Infanti, supra. Moreover, appellant never moved for a speedy trial, although he was represented by counsel at all times and was not incarcerated. See Barker v. Wingo, supra, 407 U.S. at 528-29.
Appellant does claim the delay prejudiced him because three defense witnesses could not be located. It is said that their testimony would support appellant's claims that he had won at an all night dice game the marked money found in his possession at his arrest and that although he was at a co-conspirator's house on the day all were arrested, he had nothing to do with any drug transaction. However, appellant was not in jail; the witnesses with whom he allegedly lost contact were his own acquaintances. In addition, two of the three witnesses added little to appellant's case, merely corroborating facts which were not materially in issue. The third, one James Clark, did corroborate appellant's story regarding his big gambling win. But according to appellant, that game had 15 to 20 players, many of whom he knew by sight. Yet appellant apparently made no effort to produce any of them except Clark. And as to him, there is nothing in the record to show that he would have been available had the retrial occurred sooner.*fn15 Finally, appellant was permitted to read into evidence at the retrial the testimony taken at the earlier trial of these defense witnesses. Considering all the circumstances and applying the "'flexible' standards based upon practical considerations" prescribed by Barker v. Wingo, see Strunk v. United States, supra, 412 U.S. at 438, we find no denial of the constitutional right to a speedy trial.
Appellant's final argument is that the trial judge erred in admitting evidence of a prior narcotics transaction. Appellant was charged with conspiring on February 10, 1972, with co-defendant Donald Days to distribute heroin. On that date, undercover agent Bernhardt was admitted to 210 Cornelia Street, Brooklyn, New York, where Days told him "the man" was waiting and that he wanted to make certain Bernhardt was going to show up "before he went to get the heroin." There was evidence that appellant was six or seven feet away during this conversation and had arrived earlier in a brown Oldsmobile Toronado. After Bernhardt flashed a roll of money to show he could buy the heroin, Days took some of his own money from a grey metal box, gave it to appellant, and told him "it was all right to go get the stuff." Appellant then left with the cash. The evidence in dispute concerns a similar transaction one week earlier, when agent Bernhardt came to the same house with money to buy heroin. Days first counted these bills, which had pre-recorded serial numbers, and then took currency from the same grey box, explaining that he used his own cash to purchase narcotics. He went upstairs but soon returned, telling Bernhardt that they would have to wait for delivery of the heroin. Some time later, the doorbell rang, Days again went upstairs and returned with heroin. Bernhardt paid him and left. Shortly after that, the same Oldsmobile Toronado already referred to was seen to depart.
Appellant claims that since there was nothing to connect him with the February 3 transaction, admitting evidence of it was prejudicial error. We do not agree. The methods of operation on February 3 and 10 were the same. The same automobile that appellant admits driving on February 10 was seen at 210 Cornelia Street on February 3. Some of the pre-recorded money from the February 3 transaction was found on appellant when he was arrested. This was enough to allow the jury to find that appellant also was involved with Days on February 3 in a plan to distribute heroin. The judge charged that only if the jury so found, could it consider the evidence as relevant to the February 10 conspiracy and even then only on the issue of appellant's knowledge and intent with regard to the February 10 conspiracy. This was not error. United States v. Miller, 478 F.2d 1315, 1318 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 414 U.S. 851, 38 L. Ed. 2d 100, 94 S. Ct. 144 (1973); United States v. Deaton, 381 F.2d 114, 117-18 (2d Cir. 1967). United States v. Falley, 489 F.2d 33, 37-38 (2d Cir. 1973), relied on by appellant, is not at all the same, since the evidence objected to there concerned a narcotics transaction with which the defendants concededly had no connection. Moreover, the trial judge could properly find here that the probative value of the evidence of the February 3 transaction sufficiently outweighed its prejudicial effect to justify its admission.
Judgment affirmed.
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Hulk Hogan On China, IL, John Cena At Wizard World, Final SmackDown Rating
Posted by Matt Boone November 18, 2013 0 Comment
– WWE Hall Of Famer Hulk Hogan will be featured in the final episode of season two of China, IL, an animated series on Adult Swim. The show will air this Sunday at 11:30pm.
– WWE Superstar John Cena will be at the Wizard World Convention in Austin this Saturday doing a Q&A at 3pm.
– The Friday, November 15th edition of WWE SmackDown scored a final cable rating of 1.9, according to Nielsen Media Research. The 1.9 final draw marks a decrease from the previous week's 2.08 cable rating.
SmackDown last week averaged 2.684 million viewers, which was also a drop from the previous week's average of 2.946 million viewers.


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A novel opto-electronic scheme for line-of-sight Near-IR gas absorption measurement based on direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) is reported. A diode-laser-based, multiwavelength system is designed for future application in nonintrusive, high temporal resolution tomographic imaging of in internal combustion engines. DAS is implemented with semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) to enable wavelength multiplexing and to induce external intensity modulation for phase-sensitive detection. Two overtone water transitions in the Near-IR have been selected for ratiometric temperature compensation to enable concentration measurements, and an additional wavelength is used to account for nonabsorbing attenuation. A wavelength scanning approach was used to evaluate the new modulation technique, and showed excellent absorption line recovery. Fixed-wavelength, time-division-multiplexing operation with SOAs has also been demonstrated. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time SOAs have been used for modulation and switching in a spectroscopic application. With appropriate diode laser selection this scheme can be also used for other chemical species absorption measurements.
© 2012 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article
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