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Published: Wed, 06 Jul 2016 22:58:54 +0200
Last Build Date: Wed, 06 Jul 2016 22:58:54 +0200
Sun, 03 Jul 2016 17:55:40 +0200
For a long time I've wanted an ssh-agent setup that would ask me before every use, so I could slightly more comfortably forward authentication over SSH without worrying that my session might get hijacked somewhere at the remote end (I often find myself wanting to pull authenticated git repos on remote hosts). I'm at DebConf this week, which is an ideal time to dig further into these things, so I did so today. As is often the case it turns out this is already possible, if you know how.
I began with a setup that was using GNOME Keyring to manage my SSH keys. This isn't quite what I want (eventually I want to get to the point that I can sometimes forward a GPG agent to remote hosts for signing purposes as well), so I set about setting up gpg-agent. I used Chris' excellent guide to GnuPG/SSH Agent setup as a starting point and ended up doing the following:
$ echo use-agent >> ~/.gnupg/options
$ echo enable-ssh-support >> ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf
$ sudo sed -i.bak "s/^use-ssh-agent/# use-ssh-agent/" /etc/X11/Xsession.options
$ sudo rm /etc/xdg/autostart/gnome-keyring-ssh.desktop
The first 2 commands setup my local agent, and told it to do SSH agent foo. The next stopped X from firing up ssh-agent, and the final one prevents GNOME Keyring from being configured to be the SSH agent, without having to remove
libpam-gnome-keyring as Chris did. After the above I logged out of and into X again, and could see
~/.gnupg/S.gpg-agent.ssh getting created and
env | grep SSH showing
SSH_AUTH_SOCK pointing to it (if GNOME Keyring is still handling things it ends up pointing to something like
[Update: Luca Capello emailed to point out this was a bad approach; there's thankfully no need to do the last 2 commands that require root. #767341 removed the need to edit Xsession.options and you can prevent GNOME Keyring starting on a per user basis with:
(cat /etc/xdg/autostart/gnome-keyring-ssh.desktop ;
echo 'X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=false') > \
After this it turned out all I need to do was
ssh-add -c . The
-c says "confirm use" and results in the confirm flag being appended to the end of
~/.gnupg/sshcontrol (so if you've already done the ssh-add you can go and add the confirm if that's the behaviour you'd like).
Simple when you know how, but I've had conversations with several people in the past who wanted the same thing and hadn't figured out how, so hopefully this is helpful to others.
Tue, 28 Jun 2016 00:21:20 +0200
It's rare to be in a position to be able to publicly announce you're looking for a new job, but as the opportunity is currently available to me I feel I should take advantage of it. That's especially true given the fact I'll be at DebConf 16 next week and hope to be able to talk to various people who might be hiring (and will, of course, be attending the job fair).
I'm coming to the end of my Masters in Legal Science and although it's been fascinating I've made the decision that I want to return to the world of tech. I like building things too much it seems. There are various people I've already reached out to, and more that are on my list to contact, but I figure making it more widely known that I'm in the market can't hurt with finding the right fit.
I'm on LinkedIn and OpenHUB, which should give a bit more info on my previous experience and skill set. I know I'm light on details here, so feel free to email me to talk about what I might be able to specifically bring to your organisation.
Thu, 23 Jun 2016 16:23:59 +0200
Every now and again I get this problem where Firefox won't render text correctly (on a Debian/stretch system). Most websites are fine, but the odd site just shows up with blanks where the text should be. Initially I thought it was NoScript, but turning that off didn't help. Daniel Silverstone gave me a pointer today that the pages in question were using webfonts, and that provided enough information to dig deeper. The sites in question were using Cantarell, via:
src: local('Cantarell Regular'), local('Cantarell-Regular'), url(cantarell.woff2) format('woff2'), url(cantarell.woff) format('woff');
The Firefox web dev inspector didn't show it trying to fetch the font remotely, so I removed the local() elements from the CSS. That fixed the page, letting me pinpoint the problem as a local font issue. I have
fonts-cantarell installed so at first I tried to remove it, but that breaks
gnome-core. So instead I did an
fc-list | grep -i cant to ask fontconfig what it thought was happening. That gave:
/usr/share/fonts/opentype/cantarell/Cantarell-Regular.otf.dpkg-tmp: Cantarell:style=Regular
/usr/share/fonts/opentype/cantarell/Cantarell-Bold.otf.dpkg-tmp: Cantarell:style=Bold
/usr/share/fonts/opentype/cantarell/Cantarell-Bold.otf: Cantarell:style=Bold
/usr/share/fonts/opentype/cantarell/Cantarell-Oblique.otf: Cantarell:style=Oblique
/usr/share/fonts/opentype/cantarell/Cantarell-Regular.otf: Cantarell:style=Regular
/usr/share/fonts/opentype/cantarell/Cantarell-Bold-Oblique.otf: Cantarell:style=Bold-Oblique
/usr/share/fonts/opentype/cantarell/Cantarell-Oblique.otf.dpkg-tmp: Cantarell:style=Oblique
/usr/share/fonts/opentype/cantarell/Cantarell-BoldOblique.otf: Cantarell:style=BoldOblique
Hmmm. Those
.dpkg-tmp files looked odd, and sure enough they didn't actually exist. So I did a
sudo fc-cache -f -v to force a rebuild of the font cache and restarted Firefox (it didn't seem to work before doing so) and everything works fine now.
It seems that
fc-cache must have been run at some point when
dpkg had not yet completed installing an update to the
fonts-cantarell package. That seems like a bug - fontconfig should probably ignore .dpkg* files, but equally I wouldn't expect it to be run before dpkg had finished its unpacking stage fully.
Wed, 18 May 2016 23:25:52 +0200
These days the phrase "embedded" usually means no console (except, if you're lucky, console on a UART for debugging) and probably busybox for as much of userspace as you can get away with. You possibly have package management from OpenEmbedded or similar, though it might just be a horrible kludged together rootfs if someone hates you. Either way it's rare for it not to involve some sort of hardware and OS much more advanced than the 8 bit machines I started out programming on.
That is, unless you're playing with Arduinos or other similar hardware. I'm currently waiting on some ESP8266 dev boards to arrive, but even they're quite advanced, with wifi and a basic OS framework provided. A long time ago I meant to get around to playing with PICs but never managed to do so. What I realised recently was that I have a ready made USB relay board that is powered by an ATtiny45. First step was to figure out if there were suitable programming pins available, which turned out to be all brought out conveniently to the edge of the board. Next I got out my trusty Bus Pirate, installed
avrdude and lo and behold:
$ avrdude -p attiny45 -c buspirate -P /dev/ttyUSB0
Attempting to initiate BusPirate binary mode...
avrdude: Paged flash write enabled.
avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions
Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.01s
avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e9206 (probably t45)
avrdude: safemode: Fuses OK (E:FF, H:DD, L:E1)
avrdude done. Thank you.
Perfect. I then read the existing flash image off the device, disassembled it, worked out it was based on V-USB and then proceeded to work out that the only interesting extra bit was that the relay was hanging off pin 3 on IO port B. Which led to me knocking up what I thought should be a functionally equivalent version of the firmware, available locally or on GitHub. It's worked with my basic testing so far and has confirmed to me I understand how the board is set up, meaning I can start to think about what else I could do with it…
Tue, 26 Apr 2016 22:32:41 +0200This post is largely to remind myself of the details next time I hit something similar; I found bits of relevant information all over the place, but not in one single location. I love Kodi. These days the Debian packages give me a nice out of the box experience that is easy to use. The problem comes in dealing with remote controls and making best use of the available buttons. In particular I want to upgrade the VDR setup my parents have to a more modern machine that's capable of running Kodi. In this instance an AMD E350 nettop, which isn't recent but does have sufficient hardware acceleration of video decoding to do the job. Plus it has a built in fintek CIR setup. First step was finding a decent remote. The fintek is a proper IR receiver supported by the in-kernel decoding options, so I had a lot of flexibility. As it happened I ended up with a surplus to requirements Virgin V Box HD remote (URC174000-04R01). This has the advantage of looking exactly like a STB remote, because it is one. Pointed it at the box, saw that the fintek_cir module was already installed and fired up irrecord. Failed to get it to actually record properly. Googled lots. Found ir-keytable. Fired up ir-keytable -t and managed to get sensible output with the RC-5 decoder. Used irrecord -l to get a list of valid button names and proceed to construct a vboxhd file which I dropped in /etc/rc_keymaps/. I then added a fintek-cir * vboxhd line to /etc/rc_maps.cfg to force my new keymap to be loaded on boot. That got my remote working, but then came the issue of dealing with the fact that some keys worked fine in Kodi and others didn't. This seems to be an issue with scancodes above 0xff. I could have remapped the remote not to use any of these, but instead I went down the inputlirc approach (which is already in use on the existing VDR box). For this I needed a stable device file to point it at; the /dev/input/eventN file wasn't stable and as a platform device it didn't end up with a useful entry in /dev/input/by-id. A 'quick' udevadm info -a -p $(udevadm info -q path -n /dev/input/eventN) provided me with the PNP id (FIT0002) allowing me to create /etc/udev/rules.d/70-remote-control.rules containing KERNEL=="event*",ATTRS{id}=="FIT0002",SYMLINK="input/remote" Bingo, a /dev/input/remote symlink. /etc/defaults/inputlirc ended up containing: EVENTS="/dev/input/remote" OPTIONS="-g -m 0" The options tell it to grab the device for its own exclusive use, and to take all scancodes rather than letting the keyboard ones through to the normal keyboard layer. I didn't want anything other than things specifically configured to use the remote to get the key presses. At this point Kodi refused to actually do anything with the key presses. Looking at ~kodi/.kodi/temp/kodi.log I could see them getting seen, but not understood. Further searching led me to construct an Lircmap.xml - in particular the piece I needed was the
Mon, 18 Apr 2016 15:12:28 +0200
Whoop! Looking forward to it already (though will probably spend it feeling I should be finishing my dissertation).
(image stolen from Gunnar)
Wed, 13 Apr 2016 14:04:29 +0200
That's a longer title than I'd like, but I want to try and catch the attention of anyone who might have missed more directed notifications about this. If you're not an SPI contributing member there's probably nothing to see here…
Although I decided not to stand for re-election at the Software in the Public Interest (SPI) board elections last July, I haven't stopped my involvement with the organisation. In particular I've spent some time working on an overhaul of the members website and rolling it out. One of the things this has enabled is implementation of 2009-11-04.jmd.1: Contributing membership expiry, by tracking activity in elections and providing an easy way for a member to indicate they consider themselves active even if they haven't voted.
The plan is that this will run at some point after the completion of every board election. A first pass of cleanups was completed nearly a month ago, contacting all contributing members who'd never been seen to vote and asking them to update their status if they were still active. A second round, of people who didn't vote in the last board election (in 2014), is currently under way. Affected members will have been emailed directly and there was a mail to spi-announce, but I'm aware people often overlook these things or filter mail off somewhere that doesn't get read often.
If you are an SPI Contributing member who considers themselves an active member I strongly recommend you login to the SPI Members Website and check the "Last active" date displayed is after 2014-07-14 (i.e. post the start of the last board election). If it's not, click on the "Update" link beside the date. The updated date will be shown once you've done so.
Why does pruning inactive members matter? The 2015 X.Org election results provide at least one indication of why ensuring you have an engaged membership is important - they failed to make a by-laws change that a vast majority of votes were in favour of, due to failing to make quorum. (If you're an X.org member, go vote!)
Sat, 26 Mar 2016 18:28:20 +0200[I wrote this as part of BelFOSS but I think it's worth posting here.] My Free Software journey starts with The Cuckoo's Egg. Back in the early 90s a family friend suggested I might enjoy reading it. He was right; I was fascinated by the world of interconnected machines it introduced me to. That helped start my involvement in FidoNet, but it also got me interested in Unix. So when I saw a Linux book at the Queen's University bookshop (sadly no longer with us) with a Slackware CD in the back I had to have it. The motivation at this point was to have a low cost version of Unix I could run on the PC hardware I already owned. I had no knowledge of the GNU Project before this point, and as I wasn't a C programmer I had no interest in looking at the source code. I spent some time futzing around with it and that partition (I was dual booting with DOS 6.22) fell into disuse. It wasn't until I'd learnt some C and turned up to university, which provided me with an internet connection and others who were either already using Linux or interested in doing so, that I started running a Linux box full time. Once I was doing that I became a lot more interested in the Open Source side of the equation. Rather than running a closed operating system that even the API for wasn't properly specified (or I wouldn't have needed my copy of Undocumented DOS) I had the complete source to both the underlying OS and all the utilities that it was using. For someone doing a computer science degree this was invaluable. Minix may have been the OS discussed in the OS Design module I studied, but Linux was a much more feature complete option that I was running on my desktop and could also peer under the hood of. In my professional career I've always welcomed the opportunities to work with Open Source. A long time ago I experienced a particularly annoying issue when writing a device driver under QNX. The documentation didn't seem to match the observed behaviour of the subsystem I was interfacing with. However due to licensing issues only a small number of people in the organisation were able to actually look at the QNX source. So I ended up wasting a much more senior engineer's time with queries like "I think it's actually doing x, y and z instead of a, b and c; can you confirm?". Instances where I can look directly at the source code myself make me much more productive. Commercial development also started to make me more understanding of the Free Software nature of the code I was running. It wasn't just the ability to look at the code which was useful, but also the fact there was no need to reinvent the wheel. Need a base OS to build an appliance on? Debian ensures that the main component is Free for all usage. No need to worry about rolling your own compilers, base libraries etc. From a commercial perspective that allows you to concentrate on the actual product. And when you hit problems, the source is available and you can potentially fix it yourself or at least more easily find out if there's been a fix for that issue released (being able to see code development in version control systems rather than getting a new upstream release with a whole heap on unrelated fixes in it really helps with that). I had thus progressed from using FLOSS because it was free-as-in-beer, to appreciating the benefits of Open Source in my own learning and employment experiences, to a deeper understanding of the free-as-in-speech benefits that could be gained. However at this point I was still thinking very much from a developer mindset. Even my thoughts about how users can benefit from Free Software were in the context of businesses being able to easily switch suppliers or continue to maintain legacy software because they had the source to their systems available. One of the major factors that has helped me to see beyond this is the expansion of the [...]
Sat, 21 Nov 2015 15:27:56 +0200I have a Brother HL-3040CN networked colour laser printer. I bought it 5 years ago and I kinda wish I hadn't. I'd done the appropriate research to confirm it worked with Linux, but I didn't realise it only worked via a 32-bit binary driver. It's the only reason I have 32 bit enabled on my house server and I really wish I'd either bought a GDI printer that had an open driver (Samsung were great for this in the past) or something that did PCL or Postscript (my parents have an Xerox Phaser that Just Works). However I don't print much (still just on my first set of toner) and once setup the driver hasn't needed much kicking. A more major problem comes with firmware updates. Brother only ship update software for Windows and OS X. I have a Windows VM but the updater wants the full printer driver setup installed and that seems like overkill. I did a bit of poking around and found reference in the service manual to the ability to do an update via USB and a firmware file. Further digging led me to a page on resurrecting a Brother HL-2250DN, which discusses recovering from a failed firmware flash. It provided a way of asking the Brother site for the firmware information. First I queried my printer details: $ snmpwalk -v 2c -c public hl3040cn.local iso.18.104.22.168.1.24184.108.40.206.18.104.22.168.1.2 iso.126.96.36.199.1.2422.214.171.124.220.127.116.11.1.2.1 = STRING: "MODEL=\"HL-3040CN series\"" iso.22.214.171.124.1.24188.8.131.52.188.8.131.52.1.2.2 = STRING: "SERIAL=\"G0JXXXXXX\"" iso.188.8.131.52.1.24188.8.131.52.18.104.22.168.1.2.3 = STRING: "SPEC=\"0001\"" iso.18.104.22.168.1.24184.108.40.206.126.96.36.199.1.2.4 = STRING: "FIRMID=\"MAIN\"" iso.18.104.22.168.1.24220.127.116.11.184.108.40.206.1.2.5 = STRING: "FIRMVER=\"1.11\"" iso.126.96.36.199.1.24220.127.116.11.126.96.36.199.1.2.6 = STRING: "FIRMID=\"PCLPS\"" iso.188.8.131.52.1.2418.104.22.168.188.8.131.52.1.2.7 = STRING: "FIRMVER=\"1.02\"" iso.22.214.171.124.1.24220.127.116.11.18.104.22.168.1.2.8 = STRING: "" iso.220.127.116.11.1.24126.96.36.199.18.104.22.168.1.2.9 = STRING: "" iso.126.96.36.199.1.2418.104.22.168.22.214.171.124.1.2.10 = STRING: "" iso.220.127.116.11.1.24126.96.36.199.188.8.131.52.1.2.11 = STRING: "" iso.22.214.171.124.1.24188.8.131.52.22.214.171.124.1.2.12 = STRING: "" iso.126.96.36.199.1.24220.127.116.11.22.214.171.124.1.2.13 = STRING: "" iso.126.96.36.199.1.2418.104.22.168.184.108.40.206.1.2.14 = STRING: "" iso.22.214.171.124.1.24126.96.36.199.126.96.36.199.1.2.15 = STRING: "" iso.188.8.131.52.1.24220.127.116.11.184.108.40.206.1.2.16 = STRING: "" I used that to craft an update file which I sent to Brother via curl: curl -X POST -d @hl3040cn-update.xml https://firmverup.brother.co.jp/kne_bh7_update_nt_ssl/ifax2.asmx/fileUpdate -H "Content-Type:text/xml" --sslv3 This gave me back some XML with a URL for the latest main firmware, version 1.19, filename LZ2599_N.djif. I downloaded that and took a look at it, discovering it looked like a PJL file. I figured I'd see what happened if I sent it to the printer: cat LZ2599_N.djf | nc hl3040cn.local 9100 The LCD on the front of printer proceeded to display something like "Updating Program" and eventually the printer re-DHCPed and indicated the main firmware had gone from 1.11 to 1.19. Great! However the PCLPS firmware was still at 1.02 and I'd got the impression that 1.04 was out. I didn't manage to figure out how to get the Brother update website to give me the 1.04 firmware, but I did manage to find a copy of LZ2600_D.djf which I was then able to send to the printer in the same way. This led to: $ snmpwalk -v 2c -c public hl3040cn.local iso.126.96.36.199.1.2422.214.171.124.126.96.36.199.1.2 iso.220.127.116.11.1.24188.8.131.52.188.8.131.52.1.2.1 = STRING: "MODEL=\"HL-3040CN series\"" iso.184.108.40.206.1.24184.108.40.206.220.127.116.11.1.2.2 = STRING: "SERIAL=\"G0JXXXXXX\"" iso.188.8.131.52.1.2422.214.171.124.184.108.40.206.1.2.3 = STRING: "SPEC=\"0001\"" iso.18.104.22.168.1.24126.96.36.199.18.104.22.168.1.2.4 = STRING: "FIRMID=\"MAIN\"" iso.220.127.116.11.1.24126.96.36.199.188.8.131.52.1.2.5 = STRING: "FIRMVER=\"1.19\"" iso.18.104.22.168.1.24188.8.131.52.126.96.36.199.1.2.6 = STRING: "FIRMID=\"PCLPS\"" iso.126.96.36.199.1.24188.8.131.52.188.8.131.52.1.2.7 = STRING: "[...]
Mon, 09 Nov 2015 19:45:09 +0200Last week Simon retweeted a link to Don't Feed the Beast – the Great Tech Recruiter Infestation. Which reminded me I'd been meaning to comment on my own experiences from earlier in the year. I don't entertain the same level of bile as displayed in the post, but I do have a significant level of disappointment in the recruitment industry. I had conversations with 3 different agencies, all of whom were geographically relevant. One contacted me, the other 2 (one I'd dealt with before, one that was recommended to me) I contacted myself. All managed to fail to communicate with any level of acceptability. The agency hat contacted me eventually went quiet, after having asked if they could put my CV forward for a role and pushing very hard about when I could interview. The contact in the agency I'd dealt with before replied to say I was being passed to someone else who would get in contact. Who of course didn't. And the final agency, who had been recommended, passed me between 3 different people, said they were confident they could find me something, and then went dark except for signing me up to their generic jobs list which failed to have anything of relevance on it. As it happens my availability and skill set were not conducive to results at that point in time, so my beef isn't with the inability to find a role. Instead it's with the poor levels of communication presented by an industry which seems, to me, to have communication as part of the core value it should be offering. If anyone had said at the start "Look, it's going to be tricky, we'll see what we can do" or "Look, that's not what we really deal in, we can't help", that would have been fine. I'm fine with explanations. I get really miffed when I'm just left hanging. I'd love to be able to say I'll never deal with a recruiter again, but the fact of the matter is they do serve a purpose. There's only so far a company can get with word of mouth recruitment; eventually that network of personal connections from existing employees who are considering moving dries up. Advertising might get you some more people, but it can also result in people who are hugely inappropriate for the role. From the company point of view recruiters nominally fulfil 2 roles. Firstly they connect the prospective employer with a potentially wider base of candidates. Secondly they should be able to do some sort of, at least basic, filtering of whether a candidate is appropriate for a role. From the candidate point of view the recruiter hopefully has a better knowledge of what roles are out there. However the incentives to please each side are hugely unbalanced. The candidate isn't paying the recruiter. "If you're not paying for it, you're the product" may be bandied around too often, but I believe this is one of the instances where it's very applicable. A recruiter is paid by their ability to deliver viable candidates to prospective employers. The delivery of these candidates is the service. Whether or not the candidate is happy with the job is irrelevant beyond them staying long enough that the placement fee can be claimed. The lengthy commercial relationship is ideally between the company and the recruitment agency, not the candidate and the agency. A recruiter wants to be able to say "Look at the fine candidate I provided last time, you should always come to me first in future". There's a certain element of wanting the candidate to come back if/when they are looking for a new role, but it's not a primary concern. It is notable that the recommendations I'd received were from people who had been on the hiring side of things. The recruiter has a vested interest in keeping the employer happy, in the hope of a sustained relationship. There is little motivation for keeping the candidate happ[...]


text:
19373 Surnames | 122922 Records | 2598 Reunions
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Photo #20807
Last Name: McKee
First Name : Velma
Middle Name: Faustina
Subject's City: Cheshire
Subject's State: CT
Subject's County: New Haven
Subject's Country: United States
Photographer's City: Wallingford
Photographer's State: CT
Nee: Morrison
Type** : SNAP
Comments: Velma Faustina McKee (Nee: Morrison) | Cheshire CT United States | | Comments: This is a picture that was taken at my grandmother's birthday party. She was celebrating her 96th birthday! She was born on 3/11/1906 to Samuel Morrison and Esmah Jessie Clark.
Velma peacefully passed away in her sleep on November 14, 2002. She was and is an inspiration to us all!
Photographed by Rolande Gay
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Scottish – Irish – Celtic
Home >> new mexico >> youngsville >> wedding officiant >> celtic wedding ceremony
Celebrations recognizing Celtic roots and customs have actually long been popular. From the stirring cry of the bag pipe to the gown of formal tartan and kilt, wedding events based upon facets of Celtic custom can give long-term memories. Facets of these weddings can consist of part or all of the following:
Anam Cara - Actually, the Hearts other Half, this tradition is a special ceremony commemorating the production of a timeless love forever more. This event of the components; to the Celts the 4 components Earth, Fire, Water and Air were the foundations on which a successful connection were built.
Anam Cara
This custom was adjusted as Christianity relocated into the Celtic lands as well as continues to be a terrific means to include friends and family in your ceremony.
Handfasting - An event dating back to classical times, Handfasting is a tradition of marriage before the accessibility of rings and also precious metals. The couple would take a piece of cloth or rope and before their friends and families, state their love and intent by reciting a few words and binding themselves together symbolically with the rope. It is from this practice we still describe marriage as "tying the knot".
Oathing Stone -- What better place to put the pledges of a life time and eternity than in the heart of a stone? The oathing stone is held by the groom and bride while their pledges are stated, after that in some traditions is thrown right into a deep body of water to hold those pledges for evermore. Today that stone could be kept as a remembrance of this special day.
Oathing Stone
The Quaich - Originally crafted from timber the double handled Quaich was a Scotsman's canteen, mess kit and also drinking mug rolled right into one. King James of Scotland provided his betrothed Anne of Denmark a Quaich as a symbol of his love for her during the marriage, from that point on the Quaich has been referred to as the "loving cup". This lovely event conveys the blessings of Kith and also Kin to the couple.
The Quaich
Pinning of the Tartan
Pinning of the Tartan - A bride-to-be is officially accepted right into the groom's family through this event. Usually the oldest female member of the bridegroom's family provides a piece of the family member 's Tartan to the bride-to-be signifying she is currently interwoven right into all the doings of the clan.
The presentation of the family sword - The martial origins of the Celtic individuals focused on the protection of fireplace and also house. This ceremony is the acknowledgement of the male members of the new bride's household that they as well now have a brand-new partnership as well as a new sibling in arms.
Family Arms
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March 30, 2009
MOSES LANDAU & BARBARA LANDAU, PLAINTIFFS,v.SPENUZZA, INC., IMPERIAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, IMPERIAL RANGE, IMPERIAL COMMERCIAL COOKING EQUIPMENT & WHITE RODGERS DIVISION OF EMERSON ELECTRIC CO., DEFENDANTS.
MEMORANDUM and ORDER
Plaintiffs Moses and Barbara Landau brought this diversity action against defendants Spenuzza, Inc., d/b/a Imperial Manufacturing Company ("Imperial"), and White-Rodgers, Division of Emerson Electric Co. ("White-Rodgers"), seeking recovery for injuries to Moses Landau and loss of consortium by Barbara Landau. Moses Landau was injured when a deep fryer manufactured by Imperial and containing a gas valve manufactured by White-Rodgers caught fire while he was lighting it. The plaintiffs allege that the White-Rodgers gas valve was defectively manufactured, the Imperial deep fryer was defectively designed, and Imperial failed to provide adequate warnings on the deep fryer. Defendants Imperial and White-Rodgers move for summary judgment.
Moses Landau was the proprietor of a restaurant in a building owned by Sandor and Shifra Grunwald. The restaurant had a convection oven, a regular oven, a gas grill, and three deep fryers. (Barbara Landau Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. G, at 10). The deep fryer at issue in this action was first used on June 26 or 27, 2002 (Moses Landau Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. D, at 108), and was used without incident until July 9, 2002, when the restaurant closed for a holiday break (Moses Landau Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. D, at 127--30). During the break, the gas for the equipment and the pilot light of the deep fryer were turned off. (White-Rodgers 56.1 Statement ¶ 11; Moses Landau Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. D, at 127--30).
When the store reopened on July 20, 2002, Moses Landau was injured by a fire that started when he turned on the gas line and lit the deep fryer pilot with an igniter. (Moses Landau Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. D, at 140--142). Believing the pilot light to be an improper color, Landau tested the fryer by turning the temperature to 350 degrees. (Moses Landau Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. D, at 142--43). The oil in the fryer ignited, and Landau was injured by the flames. (Moses Landau Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. D, at 143, 151).
Moses and Barbara Landau brought an action in the Supreme Court of Kings County against their landlords, Sandor and Shifra Grunwald, alleging that the gas lines and gas cooking appliances had been installed improperly and that the premises had been maintained in an unsafe condition. (Complaint, White-Rodgers Ex. H). The plaintiffs submitted an expert report by George Friedell, who concluded that the fire had been caused by improperly installed gas piping. (Friedell Report, White-Rodgers Ex. K, at 2). According to Friedell, the piping was composed of bent and crimped flexible copper tubing instead of rigid or semirigid material, and the deficiency caused a gas leak. (Friedell Report, White-Rodgers Ex. K, at 2--3). The action against the Grunwalds settled for $100,000. (Moses Landau Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. D, at 163--64). The Landaus did not disclose to the defendants in the present action that Friedell had inspected the premises. (Pl. Interrogatory, Imperial Ex. J, ¶¶ 41--44; Barbara Landau Dep., Imperial Ex. K, at 80).
While the action against the Grunwalds was pending, the Landaus filed this action in the Supreme Court of Kings County alleging that (1) White-Rodgers defectively manufactured the gas valve in the deep fryer; (2) Imperial defectively designed the deep fryer; and (3) Imperial failed to provide adequate warnings on the deep fryer. The action was removed to this Court on the basis of the Court's original diversity jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332.
The plaintiffs rely on an expert report by Dr. Donald Lynch, whom they retained to inspect the fryer after it had been moved from the restaurant to a storage facility. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 1--2). Dr. Lynch removed the gas supply and distribution components of the fryer on April 3, 2003, and conducted gas flow tests on the White-Rodgers gas valve on June 27, 2003. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 1). When Dr. Lynch conducted the tests, he initially subjected the gas valve, rated for a pressure of 0.5 pounds per square inch ("psi"), to a pressure of 12.5 psi and adjusted the pressure downward to 0.5 psi for the testing itself. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 3; Lynch Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. E, at 50, 146). The test indicated a small leak in the gas valve. (Lynch Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. E, at 120).
On July 22 and 23, 2003, Dr. Lynch disassembled the gas valve to determine the cause of the leak. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 1). The disassembly of the valve and one of two leak tests was videotaped. (Lynch Aff., ¶ 40). Upon disassembling the gas valve, Dr. Lynch discovered that the elastomeric seal ("flapper") of the valve was stuck in a cocked position. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 4). Dr. Lynch later popped the flapper back into position. (Lynch Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. E, at 65--66). He concluded that the improperly positioned flapper represented a manufacturing defect in the White-Rodgers gas valve. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 5). He also concluded that the Imperial fryer contained two design defects: 1) the lack of a flame shield; and 2) the placement of the thermostat control inside the door of the fryer near the floor, which forced the user to assume a prone position. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 5--6).
Summary judgment is appropriate only when "there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and... the movant is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c); accord Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322 (1986). The moving party bears the burden of showing that there is no genuine issue of fact. Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 256 (1986). "[T]he burden on the moving party may be discharged by 'showing' - that is, pointing out to the district court - that there is an absence of evidence to support the nonmoving party's case." Celotex, 477 U.S. at 325. If the movant meets this burden, the non-movant must "set out specific facts showing a genuine issue for trial." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(e); accord W. World Ins. Co. v. Stack Oil, Inc., 922 F.2d 118, 121 (2d Cir. 1990). The non-movant cannot "'escape summary judgment merely by vaguely asserting the existence of some unspecified disputed material facts,' or defeat the motion through 'mere speculation or conjecture.'" W. World, 922 F.2d at 121 (citations omitted). Moreover, the disputed facts must be material to the issue in that they "might affect the outcome of the suit under the governing law." Anderson, 477 U.S. at 248. "When no rational jury could find in favor of the nonmoving party because the evidence to support its case is so slight, there is no genuine issue of material fact and a grant of summary judgment is proper." Gallo v. Prudential Residential Servs., Ltd. P'ship, 22 F.3d 1219, 1224 (2d Cir. 1994) (citing Dister v. Cont'l Group, Inc., 859 F.2d 1108, 1114 (2d Cir. 1988)).
First, New York law applies. Second, this Court does not consider the affidavit of Ernest Niles because the plaintiffs failed to identify Niles as an expert during discovery. Third, the plaintiffs have failed to establish a genuine issue of material fact with respect to the manufacturing defect claim against White-Rodgers, the design defect claim against Imperial, and the failure to warn claim against Imperial.
A. Choice of Law
In a diversity action, this Court applies the choice of law principles of the forum state, in this case New York. Klaxon Co. v. Stentor Elec. Mfg. Co., 313 U.S. 487, 496 (1941). New York employs an interest analysis, which "gives controlling effect to the law of the jurisdiction which, because of its relationship or contact with the occurrence or the parties has the greatest concern with the specific issue raised in the litigation." Babcock v. Jackson, 191 N.E.2d 279, 283 (N.Y. 1963). Here, New York has the most significant interest in this case because it is both the plaintiffs' domicile and the site of the accident.
B. Niles Affidavit
In opposition to the defendants' motions for summary judgment, the plaintiffs submit an affidavit of Ernest Niles, a safety consultant. In his affidavit, Niles opines that Dr. Lynch used proper methods to test the gas valve (Niles Aff., ¶ 14), a remotely controlled thermostat and a flame shield are feasible alternative designs (Niles Aff., ¶¶ 11--13), and a warning about potential flame escape should have been placed on the fryer (Niles Aff., ¶ 18). The defendants argue that the plaintiffs should be precluded from offering the testimony of Niles because the plaintiffs did not produce his testimony during discovery. This Court agrees and declines to consider the Niles affidavit.
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(a)(2)(C) requires that expert testimony be disclosed at the time required by court order. "If a party fails to provide information or identify a witness as required by Rule 26(a)..., the party is not allowed to use that information or witness to supply evidence on a motion, at a hearing, or at a trial, unless the failure was substantially justified or is harmless." Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(c)(1). A showing of bad faith is not required before evidence may be excluded under Rule 37(c)(1). Design Strategy, Inc. v. Davis, 469 F.3d 284, 296 (2d Cir. 2006). Even when no substantial justification exists and the failure to disclose is not harmless, preclusion is not mandatory. Id. at 297. Instead, the court has discretion to impose lesser sanctions. Id. at 298.
The plaintiffs' failure to disclose Niles as an expert was unjustified. Magistrate Judge Pohorelsky notified the parties as early as March 23, 2005, that failure to make required disclosures could result in the imposition of sanctions (Order of 3/23/05), and he set a discovery schedule on May 23, 2005 (Order of 5/23/05). Magistrate Judge Pohorelsky ordered that expert discovery be completed before the parties requested permission to file a dispositive motion. (Order of 5/19/06). The defendants requested permission to file motions for summary judgment in July 2006, at which time discovery was complete. The plaintiffs, however, did not identify Niles as an expert until April 27, 2007, in their response to the defendants' motions for summary judgment.
The plaintiffs' disregard for the discovery process prejudiced the defendants. Prior to the defendants' motions for summary judgment, the plaintiffs presented no meaningful evidence regarding the design defect and failure to warn claims. As a result, the defendants' motions for summary judgment focused on the plaintiffs' failure to present evidence. Because Rule 37(c)(1) was designed to prevent the "sandbagging" of adverse parties, this Court does not consider the Niles affidavit. See Ebewo v. Martinez, 309 F. Supp. 2d 600, 607 (S.D.N.Y. 2004) (citing Ventra v. United States, 121 F. Supp. 2d 326, 331--32 (S.D.N.Y. 2000); FDIC v. Wrapwell Corp., No. 93-CV-859, 2000 WL 1576889, at *2--3 (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 23, 2000); R.C.M. Executive Gallery Corp. v. Rols Capital Co., No. 93-CV-8571, 1996 WL 30457, at *1--2 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 25, 1996)); see also Constellation Brands, Inc. v. Arbor Hill Assocs., Inc., 535 F. Supp. 2d 347, 367 (W.D.N.Y. 2008); Arnold v. Krause, Inc., 232 F.R.D. 58, 68 (W.D.N.Y. 2004); Malaco Leaf, AB v. Promotion In Motion, Inc., 287 F. Supp. 2d 355, 376 (S.D.N.Y. 2003); cf. Cine Forty-Second St. Theatre Corp. v. Allied Artists Pictures Corp., 602 F.2d 1062 (2d Cir. 1979).
C. Manufacturing Defect Claim
Defendant White-Rodgers persuasively argues that the plaintiffs have failed to present evidence sufficient for a reasonable factfinder to conclude that the gas valve was defective. The plaintiffs have introduced no evidence that the overpressurization of the gas valve by Dr. Lynch did not cause the improper positioning of the flapper.
To recover damages for a manufacturing defect under New York law, a plaintiff must establish that the product was defective and that the defect was a substantial factor in causing the injury. Derienzo v. Trek Bicycle Corp., 376 F. Supp. 2d 537, 560 (S.D.N.Y. 2005). "[I]n order to proceed in the absence of evidence identifying a specific flaw, a plaintiff must prove that the product did not perform as intended and exclude all other causes for the product's failure that are not attributable to defendants." Riegel v. Medtronic, Inc., 451 F.3d 104, 125 (2d Cir. 2006) (quoting Speller v. Sears, Roebuck & Co., 790 N.E.2d 252, 254--55 (N.Y. 2003)) (internal quotation marks omitted).
The plaintiffs provide no basis for a legitimate inference that the flapper was not damaged by the overpressurization by Dr. Lynch. A motion for summary judgment may not be defeated through mere conjecture or speculation. See McClellan v. Smith, 439 F.3d 137, 144 (2d Cir. 2006) (quoting Bryant v. Maffucci, 923 F.2d 979, 982 (2d Cir. 1991)); Beechwood Restorative Care Ctr. v. Leeds, 436 F.3d 147, 155 (2d Cir. 2006). White-Rodgers offers testimony to support the inference that the overpressurization by Dr. Lynch dislodged the flapper. Kevin Kyle, a former White-Rodgers engineer, testified that the flapper of an exemplar gas valve became dislodged when subjected to 12.58 psi (Kyle Aff. at 2--3), and John Schmotzer, director of product safety at White-Rodgers, testified that the gas valve is designed to withstand only 2.5 psi (Schmotzer Aff., Imperial Ex. F, at 86). In contrast, the plaintiffs present no evidence to support the conclusion that the overpressurization did not dislodge the flapper. The opinion of Dr. Lynch that the flapper was improperly positioned before he tested the gas valve (Lynch Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. E, at 157) and the opinion of Niles that Dr. Lynch's methods were reliable (Niles Aff., ¶ 16) are conclusory and cannot serve as the basis for a legitimate inference that the overpressurization did not dislodge the flapper.
The plaintiffs offer an affidavit by Dr. Lynch stating, "I did not over-pressurize the tested equipment at any time." (Lynch Aff., ¶ 22). To the extent that Dr. Lynch denies in his affidavit that he initially subjected the valve to 12.5 psi, as he testified in his deposition, the affidavit is insufficient to defeat summary judgment. "[A] party may not create an issue of fact by submitting an affidavit in opposition to a summary judgment motion that, by omission or addition, contradicts the affiant's previous deposition testimony." Hayes v. N.Y. City Dep't of Corrs., 84 F.3d 614, 619 (2d Cir. 1996) (citing Perma Res. & Dev. Co. v. Singer Co., 410 F.2d 572, 578 (2d Cir. 1969); Martin v. City of N.Y., 627 F. Supp. 892, 896 (E.D.N.Y. 1985)).
The failure to provide evidence that the overpressurization did not dislodge the flapper is fatal to the plaintiffs' case. First, the plaintiffs offer no other direct evidence that the gas valve was defective. Second, the plaintiffs cannot exclude all other potential causes of the accident. George Friedell, the plaintiffs' expert in their action against the Grunwalds, concluded that the fire had been caused by improperly installed gas piping. (Friedell Report, White-Rodgers Ex. K, at 2). The piping was composed of bent and crimped flexible copper tubing instead of rigid or semirigid material, which Friedell concluded had caused a gas leak. (Friedell Report, White-Rodgers Ex. K, at 2--3). Dr. Lynch was not able to evaluate the gas piping or installation because he examined the fryer after it had been removed from the restaurant. (Lynch Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. E, at 126). The plaintiffs offer no basis, other than speculation, on which to conclude that the fire was caused by the deep fryer or the gas valve rather than the gas piping or installation.
D. Design Defect Claim
Defendant Imperial persuasively argues that the plaintiffs have not presented evidence sufficient for a reasonable factfinder to conclude that the deep fryer was defectively designed. Dr. Lynch's testimony and report, on which the plaintiffs rely, are conclusory and do not create a genuine issue of material fact. Furthermore, even if this Court were to consider the Niles affidavit, that affidavit is also conclusory.
To recover damages for a design defect under New York law, a plaintiff must establish that: "(1) the product as designed posed a substantial likelihood of harm; (2) it was feasible to design the product in a safer manner; and (3) the defective design was a substantial factor in causing the plaintiff's injury." Clarke v. LR Sys., 219 F. Supp. 2d 323, 330 (E.D.N.Y. 2002) (citing Pahuta v. Massey-Ferguson, Inc., 170 F.3d 125 (2d Cir. 1999); Voss v. Black & Decker Mfg. Co., 450 N.E.2d 204, 207--08 (N.Y. 1983)). In cases involving complex design issues, New York courts require "competent, non-conclusory expert testimony." Guarascio v. Drake Assocs. Inc., 582 F. Supp. 2d 459, 463--64 (S.D.N.Y. 2008). Expert testimony is required in this action because a lay person would not readily understand the design and engineering of a deep fryer, see id. at 464, and could not, without the assistance of a design expert, draw a nonspeculative inference that the fryer was defectively designed.
Dr. Lynch concluded that the deep fryer was defectively designed in two ways. First, no barrier protected the user from fire. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 5). The thermostat control was located inside the fryer door, so the door needed to be opened to adjust the thermostat. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 5). Dr. Lynch opined that the problem could be fixed by placing the thermostat control outside the fryer door or by installing a flame shield. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 5). Second, the thermostat control was situated at the bottom of the interior compartment of the fryer, so the head of a user adjusting the thermostat was situated in front of the burner nozzles. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 5). Dr. Lynch opined that the problem could be fixed by placing the thermostat control on the exterior of the fryer. (Lynch Report, White-Rodgers Ex. O, at 5).
Dr. Lynch's conclusions that the fryer was defectively designed are not supported by reasoning or explanation sufficient to survive a motion for summary judgment. He cites no industry standards, and he discusses neither the feasibility of the alternative designs he proposes nor the reasons for the existing design. Dr. Lynch attempts to serve as his own authority, and as a result his opinion lacks a reliable foundation. See Grdinich v. Bradlees, 187 F.R.D. 77, 82 (S.D.N.Y. 1999). The following excerpt from Dr. Lynch's deposition illustrates the deficiency in his testimony:
Q: Have you studied fryers manufactured by other companies?
A: No, I have not.
Q: Are you aware of any manufacturers that have a different location for the thermostat?
A: No, I'm not.
Q: Have you designed any prototype of a fryer with a thermostat in a different location.
A: No....
Q: Have you done any analysis of why the thermostat in the fryer was located in the position that it was.
A: No.
Q: Have you done any analysis of potential complications that could arise from locating the thermostat in an area other than it was located on the subject fryer? A: No....
Q: Have you done any research, of any kind, to find out whether or not any manufacturers of similar types of fryers incorporate a shield into their design?
Q: Have you considered potential problems that could arise with respect to incorporating a shield, as you propose?
Q: With respect to the alternatives that you... propose, have you done any testing to see if they work or present any potential problems to users of the fryer? A: No, I - no, I have not.
Q: Have you ever designed... a flame shield for a cooking appliance such as a fryer?
Q: And as you sit here today, you're not aware of any manufacturer of cooking appliances and fryers that uses a thermostat in a different location; is that correct? A: That's right.
Q: Are you aware of any standards that govern the subject fryer?...
A: I - I'm aware that there are standards from Underwriters Laboratory for electrical devices. And I understand there are standards from the AGA probably involving -- American Gas Association. I'm not aware of the specific standards -
Q: Did you review the standards that may apply?
A: No. No, I did not....
Q: Is there a fryer on the market today that is designed in the way that you believe Imperial should have designed the fryer?
A: I have no way of knowing that.
Q: Have you ever designed or built a prototype of your preferred fryer design?
A: No.... (Lynch Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. E, at 99--109).
Although this Court does not consider the Niles affidavit, that affidavit would not save the plaintiffs from summary judgment even if it were considered. In his affidavit, Niles states that a remotely controlled thermostat and a flame shield are feasible alternative designs. (Niles Aff., ¶¶ 11--13). The Niles affidavit is conclusory and provides insufficient explanation to allow a rational factfinder to conclude that the fryer was defectively designed. The affidavit does not demonstrate knowledge that deep fryers, as opposed to other gas appliances, are sometimes manufactured in the proposed manner, that Niles evaluated the deep fryer with reference to industry standards, or that he considered possible reasons for the design used by Imperial.
The deficiency in the plaintiffs' proof is brought into even sharper relief by the evidence presented by Imperial. Matthew Wise, the general manager of Imperial, explained that the thermostat control is located near the bottom of the fryer because the heat near the top would cause the electronic components of the thermostat control to malfunction. (Wise Dep., Imperial Ex. A, at 53, 56). Wise also explained that a flame shield would limit air flow and impair combustion. (Wise Dep., Imperial Ex. A, at 54). He testified that he is not aware of any manufacturer in the industry that uses a flame shield. (Wise Dep., Imperial Ex. A, at 54). The plaintiffs offer no meaningful evidence to support conclusions to the contrary.
E. Failure to Warn Claim
Defendant Imperial persuasively argues that the plaintiffs have not presented evidence sufficient for a reasonable factfinder to conclude that Imperial negligently failed to warn users of a latent danger. The injuries of Moses Landau were not caused by a lack of adequate warnings.
To recover for a failure to warn, a plaintiff must establish that: (1) the manufacturer had a duty to warn, meaning it knew, or should have known, of latent dangers resulting from intended or reasonably foreseeable unintended uses of the product; and (2) the manufacturer's failure to warn caused the plaintiff's harm. Santoro ex rel. Santoro v. Donnelly, 340 F. Supp. 2d 464, 485 (S.D.N.Y. 2004) (citing Liriano v. Hobart Corp., 700 N.E.2d 303, 305 (N.Y. 1998)). Warnings are not required if the danger is open and obvious or if the plaintiff was aware of the risk. Liriano, 700 N.E.2d at 308.
The lack of additional warnings about the possibility of fire did not cause the injury to Moses Landau. The warnings on the fryer made clear that lighting the fryer in the presence of gas could cause an explosion or fire. Instructions posted on the fryer warned: "If you do not follow these instructions exactly, a fire or explosion may result causing property damage, personal injury or loss of life." The instructions read: "BEFORE LIGHTING smell all around the appliance area for gas. Be sure to smell next to the floor because some gas is heavier than air and will settle on the floor." Because Landau chose not to follow the instruction to smell around the appliance for gas (Landau Dep., White-Rodgers Ex. D, at 140), Landau was on notice that he was in danger of being injured by a fire.
The defendants' motions for summary judgment dismissing this action are granted. The Clerk of Court is directed to close this case.
SANDRA L. TOWNES United States District Judge
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Publisher's Description
An intensely personal devotional book from Thomas Merton, the ultimate spiritual writer of our time, showing his contemplative and religious side through his prayers and rarely-seen drawings. The only Merton gift book available.
Dialogues with Silence contains a selection of prayers from throughout Merton's life--from his journals, letters, poetry, books--accompanied by all 100 of Merton's rarely seen, delightful Zen-like pen-and-ink drawings, and will attract new readers as well as Merton devotees. There is no other Merton devotional like this, and the paperback edition will be elegantly designed and packaged.
Thomas Merton (1915-1968) was a Trappist monk, writer, and peace and civil rights activist. Merton's works have had a profound impact on contemporary religious and philosophical thought. He is best known for his autobiography, The Seven Storey Mountain and New Seeds of Contemplation.
Editorial Reviews
"This is a charming and welcome addition to the Merton corpus, giving us a glimpse of Merton the artist."
"Whether you're a long-time Merton fan or need an introduction, Dialogues with Silence is a great unveiling."
"[These drawings and prayers] reflect a devotional life stripped of pretense, open to God's surprises."
"Casts new and thought provoking light on [Merton's] finely written prayers...highly recommended."
"...a glimpse of [Merton's] journey never before seen. Merton fans will certainly welcome this new addition."
"Helps the reader enter Merton's spiritual vision and participate personally in the monk's encounters with Silence."
Product Reviews
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- Books >> Christian Living >> Discipleship >> Spiritual Disciplines >> Prayer
- Books >> Christian Living >> Prayer
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text: TANCET 2016 Results annauniv.edu Marksheets: Anna University is a unitary type of University. It is a technical university located in Tamil Nadu, India. The main university campus has been named after C N Annadurai, the former Chief Minister of TamilNadu on 4 September 1978 which is located in Guindy, Chennai. (watch: CPL Live Streaming.) It offers higher education like … [Read more...]


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0 Scenic Drive, Iron River WI 54847 $450,000
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- Commercial/Industrial
- Status: Active
- Estimated Age: Not Available
- Estimated Square Feet: 3501-5000
- Est. Acreage: 3
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- County: Bayfield
- Property Taxes: $0
- Property Tax Year: 1500
- Listing Company: Northwest Land & Recreation
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Nineveh operations: radio directed shattered morale «Aldoaash
6/27/2016 0:00
[rtl] Arbil Sondos Abdul Wahab
said the media director of the band 15 under the command of editing Nineveh operations Brigadier Faris Mustafa that targeted radio broadcast by the leadership to the people of the city of Mosul and its environs programs contributed to demoralize the terrorists revealed falseness and revealed the facts of their losses in all the battles, and managed to break the isolation Almousliyn after confiscation Satellite dishes devices by «Aldoaash».
He Mustafa said in an interview »Sabah» that the radio from the leadership of theLiberation of Nineveh operations headquarters in the district of drunken continues tobroadcast radio messages to the citizens and residents of the city of Mosul and theareas that are still under the control of the terrorist organization and the programs aim sent over the air to urge citizens to support the security forces when entering the city ofMosul , and follow the instructions from the job in order to protect them and keep them safe and away from headquarters and dens «Daash» and how to go out and ports safe if necessary when entering the city. He added that the transmission period is divided into two categories the morning from eight o'clock until four in the afternoon and then theevening from six o'clock until ten o'clock evening, stressing that most of the guidelines and guidance programs are in Arabic, he said the radio has a great role through their messages and programs to destroy the morale of the elements terrorist and boost themorale of citizens who can not they watch TV and follow the progress of the security forces and the victories achieved by the valiant army in battle, and pointed out that theradio broadcasts on the wave of thousands , or at a frequency «89.8« was received by the international coalition forces have been trained cadre who specializes in earlier themechanism and how to work in radio. [/rtl]


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The Strength in Weak Ties
Public Opinion Quarterly (1972)
The authors discuss the differences b/w "heterophilous" and "homophilous" relationships and communication. They show that heterophilous relationships are more likely to diffuse information (in a manner to weak ties) because "weak personal ties - heterophilous relationships - are the essential building block of Durkheim's organic solidarity" (362). In other words, homophilous relationships represent dense networks, more common in rural areas or "traditional societies" (362). The authors find that information in homophilous relationships "re-circulate[s] among those who already possess the same information" (366).
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Hyundai of New Bern Sales Reviews
- 2910 US Hwy 70 E
- New Bern, NC 28560 (map)
- Chat with Dealer
Sales Reviews
Older Reviews (over 2 years old)
This dealer does not have any current reviews. The following reviews are over two years old - their ratings are not used to calculate the dealer's current aggregated ratings.
Recommend this dealer? Yes Purchased a vehicle from this dealer? Yes
I helped my friend by an Elantra here in August. Gave me a great OTD price (thanks, Wally!) on the phone without playing around. They were over an hour away and [another dealership] was 2 miles away. [The other dealership] tried to jerk me around so my friends bought their Elantra from New Bern....
Read the full review


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"The Savoy exceeded our expectations. It was a quiet, relaxing, oasis with great facilities and the service was fantastic. The hotel has a great atmosphere and being there felt like being transported back in time. We stayed for 3 nights and ate every meal in the excellent dining room. The staf..."
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11 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
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"Great location on hilltop, on the way to the highest point of Ooty (Dodabetta). Quite spacious and they have lot of activities to spend time. The best thing I like the evening tea stall that serves variety of teas to pick from with light snacks. And that was on the house! The availability of choi..."
A Traveller, Apr 2016, IN
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"Fortune Retreats is a nice little cottage away from the bustle of Ooty but close enough to get there in 5-10 minutes. The cottage itself was nice, although slightly on the older side. However, everything works fine. The place doesn't have a kitchen. We checked with the management and their reason..."
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"One of the most exceptional hotels we have stayed at. If you enjoy a peaceful natural environment, good food and excellent staff, this is a great place to visit. The guided walking trips into the jungle should not be missed. The hotel is situated in an isolated jungle surrounding. We saw wild ele..."
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5 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
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MICHAEL WHITE does not have the sort of job that usually lends itself to engaging cocktail party chatter. As director of legal affairs and policy for the Office of the Federal Register, he spends most days on regulatory analysis and information-dissemination policy -- the kind of topics that prompt Washington party guests to excuse themselves for another canape.
If he does get a reaction when he tells people that he works for the agency that produces those soft-cover compendiums of regulatory gobbledygook, it is most often this: How can you bear to read that stuff?
But even bureaucrats are entitled to their 15 minutes of fame. And Mr. White is getting his. All of a sudden, his telephone is ringing off the hook. People find his work fascinating. Television crews and newspaper reporters are traipsing one after another to his office.
That's because one of Mr. White's quadrennial responsibilities is to coordinate the votes of the Electoral College, the amorphous entity that decides who will move into the White House after President Clinton moves out.
Suddenly, Mr. White is chic.
''It's kind of amazing,'' he said the other day, between television interviews. ''I've never had so many inquiries. I feel a little sheepish about the attention because certainly there are many other people involved in this process -- secretaries of state, House and Senate officials. We're all behind the curtain.''
A lawyer by training and a political junkie, too, Mr. White speaks of the Electoral College with a gleam in his eye. He is the one who collects and scrutinizes the ballots from the 538 electors representing the 50 states and the District of Columbia who will gather on Dec. 18 to officially pick the next president.
For the uninitiated, he patiently explains that no, the Electoral College is not really a college, with a campus, students, classes and all of that. It is instead a decentralized system that the framers of the Constitution believed would prevent ''cabal, intrigue and corruption,'' in the words of Alexander Hamilton.
For those who are up on their civics, Mr. White discusses the complicated sequences of events that could unfold if Vice President Al Gore and Gov. George W. Bush of Texas happen to both receive 269 electoral votes when the ballots are tallied on Jan. 6.
The election, Mr. White explains, would go to the House of Representatives, where each state delegation would have a single vote on whether Mr. Bush or Mr. Gore should succeed Mr. Clinton. That happened in 1800 when Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied and the House, after 36 tries, eventually picked Mr. Jefferson.
If the House tally also ties, which is within the realm of possibility but not by much, the Senate would weigh in with its own pick. But Mr. White is not predicting any such high drama in the weeks to come.
''Some of these scenarios are interesting and full of political intrigue but the chances are very, very slim that there will be a tie,'' he said.
Mr. White, who is 44 and single, plans to enter a voting booth himself on Election Day to cast a ballot for one candidate or another. A native of the Washington area, he considers that his civic duty. But in his day job he leaves his political affiliation, which he declined to state, at the door.
''I am steadfastly nonpolitical in this position,'' he said.
Since joining the Federal Register in 1987, a few years out of William and Mary Law School, Mr. White has overseen the Electoral College voting in three presidential elections. Only occasionally has he encountered problems.
''People have only the vaguest idea of the existence of the Electoral College and how it operates,'' Mr. White said. ''There's a lot of shock and surprise among some people when they hear that there is this intermediate body. Some people think the Electoral College deprives them of their vote but I see it as a system that has functioned with very few glitches over the years.''
Mr. White knows of only nine instances over the years in which electors broke their pledges and voted for someone other than the winning candidate in their state.
The most recent incident was in 1988, when an elector pledged to Democratic candidate Michael S. Dukakis flipped the ticket and voted for vice-presidential nominee Lloyd M. Bentsen as president because he thought Mr. Dukakis had run an ineffective campaign.
AND that is not the only irregularity that has sent Mr. White scrambling for his copy of the Constitution.
In the past, electors' ballots have been lost in the mail or filled out incorrectly. In 1996, Mr. White had to call the state police in South Carolina because he could not find that state's ballots and the state government had shut down for Christmas. Troopers called on the governor, who straightened out the matter before the Congress officially validated the election results in late January.
The other day, Mr. White pulled out a calculator and electoral map and began tallying up the states that would most likely go toward Mr. Bush or Mr. Gore. Ominously, he discovered that it was not all that difficult to come up with a tie in the electoral vote.
Mr. White is not on the forefront of efforts to revamp the Electoral College system. But he follows the many proposals floated on Capitol Hill. And he says if the electors were eliminated through Constitutional amendment, wiping out the most interesting part of his job, he would not stand in the way.Continue reading the main story


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The Minnesota Inventor's Congress offers inventors and entrepreneurs an additional venue to gain information and assistance: their annual Invention Exposition. The event gives inventors both the opportunity to showcase their ideas and learn from a number of respected members of the inventing community, as well as related fields. For example, the MIC focuses on drawing in potential financiers, manufacturers, marketers, and purchasers for those inventors who elect to rent a booth (similar to that of a trade show) and present their product. This is one of the best ways to showcase your product on a grand scale.
There are a number of benefits in attending the conference, regardless of whether you rent a booth. The event is jam-packed with speakers, workshops, and presenters. I will be speaking on the first day of the conference, Friday June 13th. Lewis Foreman, publisher of Inventor's Digest, will be speaking on Saturday, as well as various other speakers covering the topics of patents and patent attorneys (including a session on how to write a provisional patent application!), the merits of licensing and manufacturing (which one is most appropriate for you?), what potential licensees really desire, designing for manufacturing (so your prototype can actually be made), and power networking (how the relationships you establish will aid you).
For more information on the exposition, check out www.inventhelper.org. I highly recommend it.
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