text:
Home /
Our Sources / About Us
/ FAQs /
Advanced Search
Not what you're
looking for? Try an advanced search.
Official citation and/or docket number and footnotes (if any) for this case available with purchase.
Learn more about what you receive with purchase of this case.
March 30, 1995
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, APPELLEE,v.JERRY MAHAFFEY, APPELLANT.
The Honorable Justice Freeman delivered the opinion of the court.
JUSTICE FREEMAN delivered the opinion of the court:
Defendant, Jerry Mahaffey, petitioned the circuit court of Cook County for post-conviction relief pursuant to the Post-Conviction Hearing Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1991, ch. 38, par. 122-1 et seq.). The trial court dismissed defendant's amended petition without an evidentiary hearing. Defendant appeals to this court (134 Ill. 2d R. 651). We affirm.
In defendant's direct appeal, the court detailed the circumstances of the crimes committed. (See People v. Mahaffey (1989), 128 Ill. 2d 388, 132 Ill. Dec. 366, 539 N.E.2d 1172.) We need not repeat them here. Defendant and his brother, Reginald Mahaffey, were tried jointly before the same jury. Defendant was convicted of the murders of Dean and Jo Ellen Pueschel, the attempted murder and aggravated battery of their son, Richard, and home invasion, rape, armed robbery, residential burglary, and theft. The trial court imposed the following consecutive sentences: death on the murder convictions; extended prison terms of 60 years each on the attempted murder, rape, and armed robbery convictions; and an extended prison term of 30 years on the residential burglary conviction. The defendant's convictions and sentences were affirmed on direct appeal ( People v. Mahaffey (1989), 128 Ill. 2d 388, 132 Ill. Dec. 366, 539 N.E.2d 1172) and the United States Supreme Court denied certiorari ( Mahaffey v. Illinois (1990), 497 U.S. 1031, 111 L. Ed. 2d 799, 110 S. Ct. 3291).
On September 14, 1992, defendant filed his 21-count amended petition for post-conviction relief. On March 16, 1993, the trial court granted the State's motion to dismiss the petition without an evidentiary hearing. We will discuss additional relevant facts in the context of the issues raised on appeal.
A proceeding brought under the Post-Conviction Hearing Act (Act) is not an appeal; rather, it is a collateral attack on a judgment of conviction. The purpose of the proceeding is to resolve allegations that constitutional violations occurred at trial, when those allegations have not been, and could not have been, adjudicated previously. The petitioner bears the burden to establish a substantial constitutional deprivation. People v. Albanese (1988), 125 Ill. 2d 100, 104-05, 125 Ill. Dec. 838, 531 N.E.2d 17; People v. Silagy (1987), 116 Ill. 2d 357, 365, 107 Ill. Dec. 677, 507 N.E.2d 830.
The petitioner in a post-conviction proceeding is not entitled to an evidentiary hearing as of right; rather, the Act permits summary dismissal of a nonmeritorious petition. The allegations in the petition, supported where appropriate by the trial record or accompanying affidavits, must show a substantial violation of constitutional rights. Determinations of the reviewing court on the prior direct appeal are res judicata as to issues actually decided; issues that could have been presented on direct appeal, but were not, are deemed waived. Determinationsof the trial court in a post-conviction proceeding will not be disturbed unless manifestly erroneous. Albanese, 125 Ill. 2d at 105, 109; Silagy, 116 Ill. 2d at 365, 373.
On appeal, defendant contends that he was denied his constitutional rights because: (1) the State received twice as many peremptory challenges as he; (2) his trial counsel labored under a conflict of interest; (3) he received deficient representation at a pretrial suppression hearing, the death sentencing hearing, and on direct review; (4) this court, on direct review, held that the rule announced in People v. Gacho (1988), 122 Ill. 2d 221, 262, 119 Ill. Dec. 287, 522 N.E.2d 1146, applied prospectively; and (5) the jury instructions failed to adequately guide the jury in deciding whether to impose the death penalty.
I. Number of Peremptory Challenges
Defendant first contends that section 115-4(e) of the Code of Criminal Procedure violates due process. (U.S. Const., amend. XIV; Ill. Const. 1970, art. I, § 2.) Section 115-4(e) provides, inter alia: that "In a single trial of more than one defendant, each defendant shall be allowed 12 peremptory challenges in a capital case ***. The State shall be allowed the same number of peremptory challenges as all of the defendants." (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1991, ch. 38, par. 115-4(e).) Consequently, defendant, who was tried jointly with Reginald, received 12 peremptory challenges, while the State received 24. Defendant argues that the State's receipt of twice as many peremptory challenges as he denied him the due process of law. We note-and reject-the State's waiver argument. See People v. Sarelli (1973), 55 Ill. 2d 169, 302 N.E.2d 317.
Defendant's claim lacks merit. It is quite settled that the peremptory challenge is not of constitutional magnitude. It is a creature of statute and is not required by the Federal Constitution. (Georgia v. McCollum (1992), 505 U.S. , , 120 L. Ed. 2d 33, 50, 112 S. Ct. 2348, 2358; Ross v. Oklahoma (1988), 487 U.S. 81, 88-89, 101 L. Ed. 2d 80, 90, 108 S. Ct. 2273, 2278-79; Stilson v. United States (1919), 250 U.S. 583, 586-87, 63 L. Ed. 1154, 1156-57, 40 S. Ct. 28, 30.) Thus, "it is for the State to determine the number of peremptory challenges allowed and to define their purpose and the manner of their exercise. [Citations.] As such, the 'right' to peremptory challenges is 'denied or impaired' only if the defendant does not receive that which state law provides." Ross, 487 U.S. at 89, 101 L. Ed. 2d at 90-91, 108 S. Ct. at 2279.
Seeking support for this claim, defendant misreads two United States Supreme Court decisions. Defendant argues that Wardius v. Oregon (1973), 412 U.S. 470, 37 L. Ed. 2d 82, 93 S. Ct. 2208, holds that due process "prohibits state trial practice rules which give the prosecution benefits unless reciprocal benefits are given to the defendant." However, the actual holding of Wardius is clearly more limited: "We hold that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment forbids enforcement of alibi rules unless reciprocal discovery rights are given to criminal defendants." Wardius, 412 U.S. at 472, 37 L. Ed. 2d at 86, 93 S. Ct. at 2211.
Defendant also argues that Holland v. Illinois (1990), 493 U.S. 474, 107 L. Ed. 2d 905, 110 S. Ct. 803, held that neither the defendant nor the State should be favored regarding peremptory challenges. However, Holland actually held that a prosecutor's use of peremptory challenges to eliminate a distinctive group in the community does not deprive the defendant of a sixth amendment right to the fair possibility of a representative jury. Holland, 493 U.S. at 477-78, 107 L. Ed. 2d at 914-15, 110 S. Ct. at 806.
It is clear that the right that defendant claims was violated is statutory and not constitutional. The Post-Conviction Hearing Act is limited to substantial violations of constitutional rights. Defendant cannot remedy his failure to raise a constitutional issue with the conclusory allegation that this irregularity deprived him of due process. ( People v. Shaw (1971), 49 Ill. 2d 309, 311, 273 N.E.2d 816.) In any event, defendant was not denied due process because he received the number of peremptory challenges that Criminal Code section 115-4(e) provides. We cannot say that the trial court manifestly erred in dismissing this claim.
II. Conflict of Interest
Defendant next claims that he was deprived of his constitutional right to effective assistance of counsel at trial. (U.S. Const., amends. VI, XIV; Ill. Const. 1970, art. I, § 8.) The record shows that Steven Decker represented defendant, while Decker's law partner, Lawrence Levin, represented codefendant Reginald. We note that the trial judge was not apprised of a possible conflict of interest. Defendant contends that the professional relationship between Decker and Levin caused Decker to labor under a conflict of interest.
Decker argued that neither defendant nor codefendant Reginald committed the crimes. Defendant points out that Decker failed to argue that Reginald and another brother, Cedric, actually committed the crimes. Defendant posits that Decker failed to raise this defense because he did not want to conflict with his law partner's representation of Reginald.
The State initially responds that defendant waived this issue because his appellate counsel could have raised it on direct appeal. We disagree. The same assistant public defender represented both defendant and Reginald on direct appeal. (See Mahaffey, 128 Ill. 2d at 393.) It would be fundamentally unfair to require appellate counsel essentially to accuse one client, Reginald, so as to raise the conflict of interest issue in favor of the other client, the defendant. (See People v. Burns (1979), 75 Ill. 2d 282, 290, 26 Ill. Dec. 679, 388 N.E.2d 394.) We hold that this issue is not waived and now address the merits.
The sixth and fourteenth amendments to the United States Constitution guarantee the right to effective assistance of counsel. ( Cuyler v. Sullivan (1980), 446 U.S. 335, 343, 64 L. Ed. 2d 333, 343, 100 S. Ct. 1708, 1715; People v. Vriner (1978), 74 Ill. 2d 329, 337, 24 Ill. Dec. 530, 385 N.E.2d 671.) Effective assistance of counsel means assistance that entitles an accused to the undivided loyalty of his or her counsel free from conflicting interests or inconsistent obligations. People v. Spreitzer (1988), 123 Ill. 2d 1, 13-14, 121 Ill. Dec. 224, 525 N.E.2d 30; People v. Stoval (1968), 40 Ill. 2d 109, 111-12, 239 N.E.2d 441.
However, the joint representation of criminal defendants by a single attorney does not, by itself, violate this right because it is always possible that the interests of codefendants may diverge. Thus, to prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel based on joint representation of criminal codefendants by a single attorney, where the trial court was not apprised of a potential conflict, a defendant must show an actual conflict of interest manifested at trial. ( Cuyler, 446 U.S. at 348, 64 L. Ed. 2d at 346-47, 100 S. Ct. at 1718; Vriner, 74 Ill. 2d at 340-41.) In other words, to obtain reversal of the conviction, the defendant must point to some specific defect in defense counsel's strategy, tactics, or decisionmaking attributable to the conflict. ( Spreitzer, 123 Ill. 2d at 18.) For purposes of conflict of interest analysis, the law considers the representation of codefendants by law partners or associates the same as the representation of codefendants by one attorney. Ross v. Heyne (7th Cir. 1980), 638 F.2d 979, 982-83; People v. Dace (1987), 153 Ill. App. 3d 891, 896, 106 Ill. Dec. 625, 506 N.E.2d 332; accord Austin v. State (1992), 327 Md. 375, 382-86, 609 A.2d 728, 731-33 (collecting authorities).
In the present case, defendant points to the failure of Decker, his trial counsel, to argue that codefendant Reginald and their brother, Cedric, actually committed the crimes. Defendant attributes this failure to a conflict of interest between Decker and Levin, who was Reginald's trial counsel and Decker's law partner.
We cannot accept this claim. Both defendant and Reginald denied their guilt. This strategy alone does not reveal a conflict. Further, the mere availability of a strategy that would have helped one criminal codefendant at the expense of another does not create hostility between their interests. ( People v. Echols (1978), 74 Ill. 2d 319, 327-28, 24 Ill. Dec. 503, 385 N.E.2d 644.) Defendant merely attempts to create a conflict of interest through conjecture as to what strategy might have been pursued. This court will not overturn a conviction based on hypothetical conflicts. ( People v. Berland (1978), 74 Ill. 2d 286, 301, 24 Ill. Dec. 508, 385 N.E.2d 649.) We cannot say that the trial court manifestly erred in dismissing this claim.
III. Deficient Representation
Defendant claims he was denied effective assistance of counsel based also on deficient representation. Defendant contends that his trial counsel failed to investigate and introduce evidence at (A) a pretrial suppression hearing, and (B) the death sentencing hearing; defendant also claims (C) that his trial and appellate counsel failed to preserve for direct review his claim that he was denied his constitutional right to an individualized death sentencing hearing.
To establish a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel based on deficient representation, a defendant must satisfy the familiar Strickland test. (See Strickland v. Washington (1984), 466 U.S. 668, 80 L. Ed. 2d 674, 104 S. Ct. 2052.) The test is composed of two prongs: deficiency and prejudice. First, the defendant must prove that counsel made errors so serious, and that counsel's performance was so deficient, that counsel was not functioning as the "counsel" guaranteed by the sixth amendment. A court measures counsel's performance by an objective standard of competence under prevailing professional norms. To establish deficiency, the defendant must overcome the strong presumption that the challenged action or lack of action might be the product of sound strategy. People v. Hampton (1992), 149 Ill. 2d 71, 108, 171 Ill. Dec. 439, 594 N.E.2d 291; People v. Caballero (1989), 126 Ill. 2d 248, 259-60, 128 Ill. Dec. 1, 533 N.E.2d 1089.
Second, the defendant must demonstrate prejudice. The defendant must prove that there is a reasonable probability that, but for counsel's unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different. ( Hampton, 149 Ill. 2d at 108; Caballero, 126 Ill. 2d at 260.) The prejudice prong of Strickland entails more than an "outcome-determinative" test. The defendant must show that counsel's deficient performance rendered the result of the trial unreliable or the proceeding fundamentally unfair. (Lockhart v. Fretwell (1993), 506 U.S. , , 122 L. Ed. 2d 180, 189-91, 113 S. Ct. 838, 842-44.) A court uses the Strickland analysis also to test the adequacy of appellate counsel. Caballero, 126 Ill. 2d at 269-70.
A defendant must satisfy both prongs of the Strickland test. However, if the ineffective assistance claim can be disposed of on the ground that the defendant did not suffer prejudice, a court need not decide whether counsel's performance was constitutionally deficient. People v. Eddmonds (1991), 143 Ill. 2d 501, 511-12, 161 Ill. Dec. 306, 578 N.E.2d 952.
In each of the three areas in which defendant claims ineffective assistance, the State initially responds that the issue is waived in this post-conviction proceeding. We disagree. The trial record does not include the evidence which defendant now presents to substantiate his claims of ineffectiveness. Further, regarding defendant's claim of ineffectiveness on direct review, it would be fundamentally unfair to expect appellate counsel to raise and argue convincingly his own incompetence. Because the record does not contain the evidence which underlies his claims, and in view of fundamental fairness, we now address the merits of this issue. See Eddmonds, 143 Ill. 2d at 528; People v. Gaines (1984), 105 Ill. 2d 79, 91, 85 Ill. Dec. 269, 473 N.E.2d 868.
A. Failure to Investigate: Pretrial Suppression Hearing
Defendant contends that he did not receive effective assistance of counsel at a pretrial suppression hearing. Defendant alleges that trial counsel failed to investigate and introduce evidence: (1) that defendant is, in the words of his post-conviction counsel, mentally retarded and, consequently, incapable of understanding his Miranda warnings (see Miranda v. Arizona (1966), 384 U.S. 436, 16 L. Ed. 2d 694, 86 S. Ct. 1602); (2) from a neighbor who beard police officers beat defendant during his arrest; and (3) that Chicago police officers stationed at Area 2 headquarters had a pattern and practice of using brutality in extracting inculpatory statements.
Prior to trial, trial counsel moved to suppress defendant's inculpatory statement. At the hearing on the motion, defendant and his wife, Carol Mahaffey, testified in favor of the motion. Their testimony was essentially as follows. On September 2, 1983, at approximately 5:40 a.m., defendant, his wife, and their two daughters were asleep in their apartment. A knock at the door awakened them. Carol opened the door, and Chicago police officers pushed their way into the apartment with their pistols drawn. Carol and the children were soon thereafter taken downstairs.
During his arrest, police punched defendant in the face, causing his nose to bleed; threw him against a wall and put a gun to his head; kicked him in the groin, causing him to collapse and curl up in a ball; and, while he was incapacitated, kicked him twice in the ribs. The officers then tightened a plastic garbage bag over defendant's head until he could not breathe. Defendant's pajamas were bloodied during the beating, so they were removed. Wearing different clothes, defendant was handcuffed and taken to Chicago police department Area 2 headquarters. In a squad car en route to Area 2, police threatened defendant with death.
At the station, defendant was threatened with death if he did not tell the officers what they wanted to know. No one informed defendant of his constitutional rights. After speaking with an assistant State's Attorney, at 1 p.m., defendant gave an inculpatory statement. It was subsequently typed; an assistant State's Attorney read only the first page of the statement to defendant. Having attained only the eighth grade, defendant signed the statement without reading it.
The State's case, consisting mostly of the testimony of Chicago police officers and assistant State's Attorneys, was essentially as follows. Detectives Boffo, Grunhard, and Gutrich, Sergeant Byrne, and Officer Lotito arrested defendant. Defendant was given Miranda warnings. They did not beat, kick, or otherwise abuse defendant. They allowed him to change his clothes prior to taking him to Area 2 Headquarters.
Detective Kajari interviewed defendant at Area 2 headquarters. He initially gave defendant Miranda warnings. After reading each warning, Detective Kajari asked defendant whether he understood that warning. Defendant responded that he did. Defendant subsequently admitted his involvement in the crimes.
Assistant State's Attorneys Irving Miller and George Velcich subsequently interviewed defendant, after giving him Miranda warnings, and took an inculpatory statement from him. The statement began with defendant again being given Miranda warnings. After each warning, defendant again stated that he understood each. After the typed statement was shown to him, defendant stated that he could read English, but asked that the statement be read to him. Defendant initialled every page of the statement and signed it at the end.
A photograph of defendant taken on that day did not reveal any facial bruises, scars, or other signs of abuse. The next day, defendant was taken to Cermak Health Service. Emergency medical technician Muralles did not observe any signs of recent physical abuse.
At the close of the suppression hearing, the trial court denied defendant's motion to suppress his inculpatory statement. After reviewing the evidence, the court found "that the great weight of the evidence" showed that defendant was not abused at the time of his arrest or questioning leading up to his statement. Further, the court found that "there is no substantial evidence to support the claims of brutality and there is overwhelming evidence to refute them." The court also found by "overwhelming" evidence that defendant was given Miranda warnings, which he understood, at each and every appropriate occasion, and that no one coerced defendant. The trial court concluded that defendant gave his statement knowingly, freely, and voluntarily.
Now, in this post-conviction proceeding, defendant contends that trial counsel was constitutionally deficient in failing to investigate and introduce evidence that defendant is mentally challenged, that he was beaten during his arrest, and that police officers at Area 2 headquarters had a pattern of using brutality in extracting inculpatory statements. Defendant submits that there is a reasonable probability that the trial court would have granted the motion to suppress had trial counsel introduced this evidence.
We disagree. We conclude that defendant fails the prejudice prong of the Strickland test. Thus, we need not address whether trial counsel was deficient under the first prong. See Eddmonds, 143 Ill. 2d at 511-12.
The first alleged deficiency relates to defendant's mental capacity to understand his Miranda warnings. Defendant relies on an affidavit by a clinical psychologist, who examined defendant. The psychologist opined that defendant has very low intelligence, a full scale IQ of 67, and a "borderline personality disorder." He further opined that it was "highly probable that [defendant] could not understand his Miranda rights when they were presented."
The introduction of this evidence at the suppression hearing would not have created a reasonable probability that the trial court would have granted defendant's motion to suppress. In determining whether a defendant knowingly and intelligently waived his or her Miranda rights, a court considers the totality of the circumstances, including the characteristics of the defendant and the details of the interrogation, without any one factor or circumstance controlling. ( People v. Reid (1990), 136 Ill. 2d 27, 54-55, 143 Ill. Dec. 239, 554 N.E.2d 174.) Evidence of a defendant's limited intellectual capacity, by itself does not indicate that a defendant is incapable of waiving his or her constitutional rights and making an inculpatory statement. That is only one factor to be considered in the totality of the circumstances under which the statement was made. People v. Murphy (1978), 72 Ill. 2d 421, 437, 21 Ill. Dec. 350, 381 N.E.2d 677.
Intelligent knowledge in the context of Miranda:
"need not mean the ability to understand far-reaching legal and strategic effects of waiving one's rights, or to appreciate how widely or deeply an interrogation may probe, or to withstand the influence of stress or fancy; but to waive rights intelligently and knowingly, one must at least understand basically what those rights encompass and minimally what their waiver will entail." ( People v. Bernasco (1990), 138 Ill. 2d 349, 363, 150 Ill. Dec. 155, 562 N.E.2d 958.)
Thus, where the record shows that a defendant's subpar intellectual capacity does not interfere with his or her ability to comprehend the meaning of Miranda warnings, the defendant's inculpatory statements will not be suppressed. See People v. Leiker (1983), 115 Ill. App. 3d 752, 757, 70 Ill. Dec. 824, 450 N.E.2d 37.
In the present case, the trial court reviewed the totality of the circumstances under which defendant made his inculpatory statement. In addition to the trial court's findings, we note that defendant has had many prior contacts with the criminal justice system, including six prior convictions. These prior contacts indicate a familiarity with police procedure, including Miranda warnings. Further, the trial judge personally observed defendant during the suppression hearing. Even if trial counsel had presented evidence of defendant's limited intellectual capacity, the trial court need not have accepted the psychologist's conclusions. The trial court was in the best position to evaluate defendant's ability to understand his rights. See People v. Rogers (1986), 141 Ill. App. 3d 374, 380-81, 95 Ill. Dec. 660, 490 N.E.2d 133; People v. Racanelli (1985), 132 Ill. App. 3d 124, 131-33, 87 Ill. Dec. 187, 476 N.E.2d 1179; People v. Ellison (1984), 126 Ill. App. 3d 985, 991-94, 81 Ill. Dec. 222, 466 N.E.2d 1024.
The trial court found by overwhelming evidence that defendant understood his Miranda warnings, which were given at every appropriate occasion. Thus, in terms of the prejudice prong of the Strickland test, we conclude that the introduction of this evidence would not have created a reasonable probability that the trial court would have granted defendant's motion to suppress.
The second alleged deficiency relates to defendant's being beaten during his arrest. Defendant relies on an affidavit by a neighbor who lived in the apartment directly above that of defendant. The neighbor, if asked, would have testified as follows. He knew defendant and recognized his voice. On the morning of defendant's arrest, the neighbor was awakened by the sound of fighting coming from defendant's apartment. The neighbor heard defendant screaming and the voice of a stranger screaming "Get up!"
This evidence corroborates the testimony of defendant and his wife. However, the trial court found by "the great weight of the evidence" that defendant was not brutalized. Consequently, the introduction of the neighbor's testimony would not have created a reasonable probability that the trial court would have granted defendant's motion to suppress.
The third alleged deficiency relates to an alleged pattern and practice of Area 2 police using brutality in extracting inculpatory statements. Defendant offers the affidavit of a worker at a citizen's watchdog group. If asked, she would have testified as follows. During her work with this organization, she reviewed numerous complaints of police brutality at Area 2 between 1982 and 1984. Based on these complaints, she opined that Area 2 police engaged in a pattern and practice of brutality in extracting inculpatory statements. She further opined that defendant's allegations of brutality were consistent with this pattern and practice of brutality at Area 2.
This affidavit is inadequate to show that defendant's inculpatory statement was involuntary. The affiant was privy to allegations of police brutality. However, she does not name any particular person stationed at Area 2. More specifically, she does not name any of the officers who arrested and interrogated defendant. Even if she did, it does not follow that those officers brutalized this defendant in this case. Thus, the affidavit fails to establish, generally, that police brutality exists at Area 2 and, specifically, that defendant was brutalized into giving an inculpatory statement.
In terms of the Strickland test, this allegation fails both prongs. Regarding the first prong, trial counsel was not constitutionally deficient for failing to introduce this evidence because such evidence does not exist; the proffered affidavit is inadequate to show that defendant's inculpatory statement was involuntary. Regarding the second prong, defendant was not prejudiced by trial counsel's failure to introduce this evidence because it would properly have been rejected as irrelevant to his particular case. Thus, there is no reasonable probability that the introduction of this evidence would have resulted in the granting of defendant's motion to suppress. After carefully reviewing the record, we cannot say that the trial court's denial of defendant's motion to suppress was unreliable or unfair.
B. Failure to Investigate: Death Sentencing Hearing
Defend ant contends that he did not receive effective assistance of counsel at the death sentencing hearing. Defendant alleges that trial counsel failed to investigate and introduce mitigating evidence: (1) from defendant's family and friends; (2) that he is, in his post-conviction counsel's words, mentally retarded and illiterate; (3) that he was extremely disturbed both mentally and emotionally; and (4) that he was extremely passive-dependent and, consequently, was easily led by others into performing acts which were not in his best interest. Defendant alleges that trial counsel failed also: (5) to consult with and prepare the mitigating witnesses who testified at the sentencing hearing; and (6) to inform the jury that if it did not sentence defendant to death, defendant would be sentenced to a prison term of natural life without possibility of parole. Defendant also alleges that trial counsel was constitutionally deficient due to: (7) his incoherent and irrational closing argument; and (8) the cumulative effect of his unreasonable performance.
We note that defendant also assigns error to the post-conviction proceedings. Defendant contends that the post-conviction court erred in: (9) rejecting an affidavit purporting to establish the standard of care in the death sentencing hearing; and (10) denying defendant's request to depose trial counsel.
Even assuming that trial counsel was deficient under the first prong of Strickland, defendant must still demonstrate prejudice under the second prong. In the context of a death sentencing hearing, a defendant must prove that there is a reasonable probability that, absent counsel's deficient conduct, the sentencer would have concluded that the balance of aggravating and mitigating circumstances did not warrant death. Hampton, 149 Ill. 2d at 109; Eddmonds, 143 Ill. 2d at 511-12.
We conclude that there is no reasonable probability that, absent trial counsel's allegedly deficient conduct or the post-conviction court's evidentiary rulings, the sentencer would have found that the mitigating circumstances preclude the imposition of the death penalty. Defendant admitted his involvement in these vicious crimes; his detailed inculpatory statement was admitted at trial. Many details of his statement were corroborated by other evidence, including identification by Richard, the son of the murder victims. Mahaffey, 128 Ill. 2d at 397-404.
Additionally, the State provided the following aggravating evidence at the death sentencing hearing. Defendant participated in a prison escape while incarcerated pending trial. During the escape, defendant, armed with a gun, took $650 from a prison guard. Defendant escaped, but was captured two days later. Also, defendant had six prior convictions. In 1974, 1976, and 1981, defendant was convicted of robbery. In 1981, defendant was twice convicted for theft and once for retail theft. Mahaffey, 128 Ill. 2d at 405.
Defendant's mitigation witnesses were himself, his mother, and his wife. They testified essentially as to how his death would affect their family. Defendant specifically testified that he was illiterate. Also, defendant was asked whether he would repeat his attempt to escape from prison. Defendant answered, "I don't know."
Some of trial counsel's alleged deficiencies involved his failure to assemble mitigating evidence from defendant's family and friends. This testimony would have gone essentially to defendant's strong family ties and troubled, disadvantaged childhood. Such testimony from these additional witnesses, or additional testimony from the witnesses who did testify, would have been merely cumulative. (See Jackson v. Roth (7th Cir. 1994), 24 F.3d 1002, 1005.) Indeed, such testimony is not inherently mitigating; the jury might have considered such testimony to be an aggravating factor. The jury could have regarded defendant's troubled childhood, in combination with his past criminal record, as an indicator of defendant's future dangerousness. See People v. Henderson (1990), 142 Ill. 2d 258, 339, 154 Ill. Dec. 785, 568 N.E.2d 1234.
Similarly, several of trial counsel's alleged deficiencies involve his failure to investigate mitigating evidence of defendant's psychological, developmental, and emotional problems. As with proof of defendant's troubled childhood, this type of psychological evidence is likewise not inherently mitigating. Proof of defendant's psychological handicaps not only could have evoked compassion from the jury, but also could have demonstrated defendant's continued dangerousness. See Henderson, 142 Ill. 2d at 340.
When a death sentencing jury hears evidence of mental impairment, its reaction has been described as follows:
"How do juries react to such information? On the one hand, it shows the defendant to be less culpable; on the other, it shows the defendant to be less deterrable. These cut in different directions. Jurors who see capital punishment as the just desert of the wicked will be swayed in favor of lenience; jurors with more instrumental views will incline toward execution as the only way to incapacitate such a person." (Emphasis in original.) Brewer v. Aiken (7th Cir. 1991), 935 F.2d 850, 861 (Easterbrook, J., concurring).
In the present case, defendant's sentencing jury heard defendant testify that he did not know if he would repeat his attempt to escape from prison. If the jury had heard evidence of defendant's alleged psychological impairments, the jury could have concluded that defendant is dangerous and society must be protected from him.
We will address defendant's sixth deficiency allegation later in this opinion. We conclude that the absence of the remaining alleged deficiencies that pertain to trial counsel, or the alleged evidentiary errors by the post-conviction court, considered separately or as a whole, would not have created a reasonable probability of a different sentence. After carefully reviewing the record, we cannot say that the death sentence imposed on defendant was unreasonable or unfair.
C. Failure to Preserve Issue: Individualized Sentencing Hearing
The trial court denied defendant's motion to sever his death sentencing hearing from that of Reginald. Defendant's trial counsel failed to include this issue in his post-trial motion, thereby waiving the issue on direct review. Also, although defendant's appellate counsel raised the issue on direct review, he did not cite to any authority or to any section of the record in support of this argument. ( Mahaffey, 128 Ill. 2d at 431.) Defendant contends that his trial and appellate counsel failed to preserve for direct review his claim that he was denied his constitutional right to an individualized sentencing hearing.
Defendant claims that the trial court denied his constitutional right to an individualized sentencing hearing by refusing to sever his death sentencing hearing from that of Reginald. Defendant contends that he had the constitutional right to have separate juries determine whether the death penalty was appropriate for him and Reginald.
We disagree. Generally, defendants who are jointly indicted are to be jointly tried unless a separate trial is necessary to avoid prejudice to one of the defendants. ( People v. Olinger (1986), 112 Ill. 2d 324, 345, 97 Ill. Dec. 772, 493 N.E.2d 579.) This is so for several reasons. A joint trial promotes economy, reliability, and consistency in the judicial process. In a joint trial, the jury obtains a more complete view of all the acts underlying the charges than would be possible in separate trials. From this perspective, the jury may be able to determine more reliably the guilt or innocence of a particular defendant and to assign more fairly the respective responsibilities of each defendant in the sentencing. ( Buchanan v. Kentucky (1987), 483 U.S. 402, 418, 97 L. Ed. 2d 336, 352, 107 S. Ct. 2906, 2915.) Specifically under our death penalty statute, at the death sentencing hearing, the same jury can consider the entire trial record, allowing a more perceptive and complete analysis of aggravating and mitigating factors, even in cases where the defendant does not present any evidence at the hearing. People v. Lewis (1981), 88 Ill. 2d 129, 146-47, 58 Ill. Dec. 895, 430 N.E.2d 1346.
Of course, the eighth amendment requires individualized sentencing determinations in death penalty cases. ( Stringer v. Black (1992), 503 U.S. 222, , 117 L. Ed. 2d 367, 378, 112 S. Ct. 1130, 1136; People v. Thompkins (1994), 161 Ill. 2d 148, 166-67, 204 Ill. Dec. 147, 641 N.E.2d 371.) Consistent with this mandate, our death penalty statute requires the jury to consider and weigh any aggravating and mitigating circumstances before deciding whether to impose the death penalty upon a defendant. The statute allows for sufficient consideration of both the circumstances of the particular offense and the character and record of the particular defendant before the death penalty can be imposed. People v. Fields (1990), 135 Ill. 2d 18, 51, 142 Ill. Dec. 200, 552 N.E.2d 791.
Defendant argues that the joint death sentencing hearing in his case "simply could not allow" for this required individualized treatment. We disagree. The record shows that the joint death sentencing hearing did not preclude the jury from rendering an individualized sentencing decision as to defendant. The aggravating evidence that the State presented at the sentencing hearing was similar and in some respects nearly identical as to defendant and Reginald. Also, defendant's trial counsel presented mitigating evidence relevant specifically to defendant's character and record. See Fields, 135 Ill. 2d at 52.
Lastly, the trial court instructed the jury: to consider each defendant separately, that each defendant was entitled to have his case decided on the evidence and law applicable to him, and that any evidence which was limited to one defendant should not be considered as to the other defendant. We presume that the jury followed these instructions. See Fields, 135 Ill. 2d at 52-53.
Thus, we conclude that this allegedly deficient performance fails the second prong of the Strickland test. If defendant's trial and appellate counsel had preserved this issue for direct review, his sentence would not have been reversed. We cannot say that the trial court manifestly erred in dismissing these ineffective-assistance claims.
IV. Prospective Application of Gacho
On direct review, defendant claimed that he was denied due process and his right not to be arbitrarily and capriciously sentenced to death. (U.S. Const., amends. VIII, XIV; Ill. Const. 1970, art. I, § 2.) Defendant contended that these constitutional violationsresulted from the trial judge's failure to instruct the jury of the mandatory alternative sentence of natural life imprisonment. This court held that the rule requiring the instruction (see People v. Gacho (1988), 122 Ill. 2d 221, 262, 119 Ill. Dec. 287, 522 N.E.2d 1146), was prospective only. Therefore, the trial court properly instructed the jury based on existing law. 128 Ill. 2d at 430-31; accord People v. Steidl (1991), 142 Ill. 2d 204, 244-45, 154 Ill. Dec. 616, 568 N.E.2d 837; Fields, 135 Ill. 2d at 65-66.
In his post-conviction petition, defendant now contends that this court's disposition of this issue on direct review violated his eighth and fourteenth amendment rights. However, our holding on direct review is res judicata; the issue cannot be relitigated by recharacterizing it. ( People v. Spreitzer (1991), 143 Ill. 2d 210, 223-24, 157 Ill. Dec. 467, 572 N.E.2d 931.) We cannot say that the trial court manifestly erred in dismissing this claim.
V. Adequacy of Sentencing Instructions
Defendant lastly claims that the jury instructions given at the sentencing hearing violated his constitutional rights. (U.S. Const., amends. VIII, XIV; Ill. Const. 1970, art. I, § 2.) He contends that the jury instructions failed to adequately guide the jury in deciding whether to impose the death penalty. Defendant bases his claim on United States ex rel. Free v. Peters (N.D. Ill. 1992), 806 F. Supp. 705.
However, that decision has been reversed and its reasoning rejected. ( Free v. Peters (7th Cir. 1993), 12 F.3d 700; accord Gacy v. Welborn (7th Cir. 1993), 994 F.2d 305.) We continue to agree with this conclusion. ( Thompkins, 161 Ill. 2d at 197-98; People v. Kokoraleis (1994), 159 Ill. 2d 325, 332-34, 202 Ill. Dec. 279, 637 N.E.2d 1015.) We cannot say that the trial court manifestly erred in dismissing this claim.
Finally, we note that the last nine counts of defendant's 21-count amended petition are claims that this court addressed on direct review. These claims cannot be reargued here. ( Albanese, 125 Ill. 2d at 105.) We decline defendant's request to reconsider our disposition of those claims.
For the foregoing reasons, the order of the circuit court of Cook County is affirmed. The clerk of this court is directed to enter an order setting Wednesday, September 20, 1995, as the date on which the sentence of death entered in the circuit court is to be imposed. The defendant shall be executed in the manner provided by law. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1991, ch. 38, par. 119-5.) The clerk of this court shall send a certified copy of the mandate in this case to the Director of Corrections, the warden of Stateville Correctional Center, and the warden of the institution where defendant is now confined.
© 1998 VersusLaw Inc.
Our website includes the main text of the court's opinion but does not include the
docket number, case citation or footnotes. Upon purchase, docket numbers and/or
citations allow you to research a case further or to use a case in a legal proceeding.
Footnotes (if any) include details of the court's decision.
Official citation and/or docket number and footnotes (if any) for this case available with purchase.
Learn more about what you receive with purchase of this case.
LRC, Inc. About Us


text:
Nike designer mocks Rose over injury?
The man behind LeBron James' Nike sneakers sparked outrage after mocking Adidas rival Derrick Rose following his season-ending ACL tear Saturday.
The man behind LeBron James' Nike sneakers sparked outrage after mocking Adidas rival Derrick Rose following his season-ending ACL tear Saturday.
Senior footwear designer Jason Petrie tweeted Rose "chose poorly" and "#shouldasignedwithNIKE" after the superstar Bulls guard suffered the injury in his team's playoffs opener against the Philadelphia 76ers in Chicago.
Rose, the 2011 NBA MVP, signed a career deal with Adidas in February worth a minimum of $185 million over 13 years.
Petrie, who designed the sneakers worn and endorsed by Heat star James, made a comparison between his man and Rose, who he referred to by his family nickname, "Pooh."
"You got one guy only getting stronger, and one guy breaking down before our very eyes. You chose poorly Pooh... #shouldasignedwithNIKE #GWS [get well soon]," he tweeted.
Petrie received an angry response for his comments, which followers branded in "bad taste" and "classless."
Another tweeted, "Damn, you're an embarrassment to Nike tweeting that."
The designer attempted to draw back from the criticism, tweeting, "Y'all take sh#t too serious! Never want to see anyone get hurt- I hope DRose comes back stronger than ever, he's too good..."
But as more and more people expressed their disgust at his original ill-judged comment, he went back on the offensive, tweeting, "Just to set the record straight- if you ain't with me you against me, and if that's the case I don't give a F about you!"
Scores, News and Alerts
Text yourself the FOX Sports App
Now download, set your alerts, and share exciting moments first
Haven't received the text? Resend
Phone numbers will not be kept, stored, or used for anything other than delivering the download link. Please review our Privacy Policy for full details.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
You've surely learned by now that my Q&A with Dave Cross on Monday, and the subsequent discussion with Matt Kloskowski on Tuesday, had to mean that another one was coming, right? For those of you living under a rock for the past ten years, those two are but 2/3rds of the Photoshop Guys crew. The guy that started it all, Scott Kelby, has taken the time to sit down and chew the fat with us here, so to wrap up this series, I'd like to present, the Founder of NAPP, the CEO of Kelby Media, and Photoshop Guy – Mr. Scott Kelby! Read more
Q&A With Matt Kloskowski
Picking up where we left off yesterday with Dave Cross, I'd like to welcome Matt Kloskowski to Canon Blogger and the LDP crowd. He's taken time out of his schedule to answer a couple questions about his approach to photography, Photoshop and graphic design! Without further ado, I give you: Read more
Q&A With Dave Cross!!
That's right, you read that right – I got a chance to get with none other than the Photoshop Guys and ask a few questions about Photoshop, their own projects, and tackle everything from product preferences to personal projects and activities, and even a few personal perspectives thrown in for fun! Here's a chance to catch up on the latest with them including their podcasts and shows. So, let's just get right down to the brass tacks here…with so much content, it's broken into three separate posts for today through Wednesday. Getting things started is Mr. Dave Cross!!! Read more


text:
Red Moon By Kita P
Sunrise from downtown Calgary
Apr 10, 2011
Candid Captures
210 15 Ave SE
Like this Photo
Suggested Itineraries
Just for Funview details
Calgary's active theatre community, festival scene and fine art offerings will take you on journey of the imagination far beyond the confines of "Cowtown."
Thrill Seekersview details
Thrill seekers warning: the activities listed above and similar activities are considered hazardous and extremely fun.
Report this Photo
Is this photo inappropriate? If so, please let us know.Report ImageCancel


text:
This series is presented by remixer extraordinaire Timothy Allan, whose remixes have reached 1 on the UK dance charts and placed high on US Billboard, DMC and Australia ARIA charts. His remix skills have even landed him a featured spot on an upcoming Madonna production.
The beat is the backbone and foundation of any great House track, and you ll see the actual creative process unfold and learn exactly what s going through Tim's head when he creates iconic sounding House beats. Watch Tim create a world-classHouse music drum loop starting from nothing and finishing with a dance floor masterpiece. See why his House beats rule supreme.
Download :
Información (Cómo descargar - NUEVO: Ver Enlaces de Descarga actualizados al 2016):
http://hotfile.com/dl/21058003/906f16b/G.3.Producting.H.Music.part1.rar.html http://hotfile.com/dl/21058047/8d6acd0/G.3.Producting.H.Music.part2.rar.html http://hotfile.com/dl/21058079/2eb90c6/G.3.Producting.H.Music.part3.rar.html http://hotfile.com/dl/21058131/f2929c6/G.3.Producting.H.Music.part4.rar.html http://hotfile.com/dl/21058168/16fa99f/G.3.Producting.H.Music.part5.rar.html http://hotfile.com/dl/21058191/a41a1da/G.3.Producting.H.Music.part6.rar.html


text:
We recommend upgrading to the latest Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, or Firefox.
If you are using IE 9 or later, make sure you turn off "Compatibility View".
Free shipping on all domestic orders
Waaaahooo it's the wkend! What's your favorite thing to do on wkends? #opticalillusion #weird Photo by @hisarahlee in @odinasurf


text:
Home | Make an Appointment | For Medical Professionals
Alcoholics Anonymous meetings are held in various locations in our service area.
View the schedule
Alcoholics Anonymous® is a fellowship of men and women who share their experience, strength and hope with each other that they may solve their common problem and help others to recover from alcoholism. The only requirement for membership is a desire to stop drinking. There are no dues or fees for AA membership; we are self-supporting through our own contributions. AA is not allied with any sect, denomination, politics, organization or institution; does not wish to engage in any controversy, neither endorses nor opposes any causes. Our primary purpose is to stay sober and help other alcoholics to achieve sobriety.
Various locations
Learn how your generositycreates the future of medicine.
© 2012-2015 Mayo Clinic Health System Notice of Nondiscrimination Notice of Privacy Practices Terms of use


text:
Amongst other things, this autumn I am quite excited about the digital prints that are emerging all over the place. I have already blogged about the very gorgeous prints combined with draping at Peter Pilotto but my latest find is those of Aminaka Wilmont, the Fashion Fringe winning partnership between Maki Aminaka and Marcus Wilmont. The subtle and stylish digital prints are featured on silk dresses and tops that also exhibit some interesting design element such as draping and wrapping. So I'm spotting a bit of a trend here that I am really liking - gorgeous prints, draped into gorgeous dresses and tops.
Oh and I love that very sophisticated and warm yellow colour.


text:
Get Mover Quotes
Presto Logistics
Calabasas, CA 91302
Presto is a full-service household goods and commercial mover. We move people and business across the country, state, city, and/or street. We offer a wide variety of services ranging from full packing and moving service to shipping of just a few items.
Because we own and operate all of our own trucks, Presto and our employees are able to compete in the marketplace in lower-than-standard rates while still leaving enough to provide our customers with exceptional service. We always put the customer first and understand that each move is unique and provide its own detail of service.
Let us do the heavy lifting; you've got enough to carry on your own.
- Out of state
- Full-Service Move
- Corporate Relocation
- Commercial/Business Moves
Have a question?
Need to contact this mover about your shipment?
Get at least 3 quotes for your move:
Check out more movers in Calabasas
Mover Details
Moving Company Business Info
|Number of Trucks
|Better Business Bureau
|Rating & Complaint History
Is this mover licensed for your move?Movers in the state of California are required to have a valid California state license (CPUC #) for moves within California. They are additionally required to have a valid USDOT license to operate across state lines.
|Required for out-of-state moves
|Federal Complaint History >
|CA license (CPUC#)
|Verify here >
|California Moving & Storage Association (CMSA)
|Not Found
|Verify here >
Presto Logistics Reviews - 0
More movers to consider in Calabasas, CA
123 Moving and Storage
We had 3 movers from 123 Moving & Storage move all of our furniture from our apartment to our new house. They showed up bright and early cheerful and ready to work. They were quick and efficient... Read more


text:
Music Gear News
Gibson teams up with Rainforest Alliance
Gibson is teaming up with the Rainforest Alliance (RA) to help ensure that all of its guitars are environmentally sound.
As part of the agreement between the two organisations, Gibson's sourcing of its wood supply chain is to be reviewed, with plans to identify any potentially illegal or unsustainable material and remove it from the manufacturing process.
Gibson will also use wood certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), with its progress in this goal being independently audited by the RA.
The musical instrument manufacturer's chairman and chief executive officer Henry Juszkiewicz has also created a new post within the company, with the employee's remit including leading Gibson's wood sourcing initiatives across the world.
Earlier this year, Adam Newman, manager of Vintage & Rare Guitars, told the Gibson website that its guitars could make a good investment.
He pointed out that Gibson Les Paul Standards from the 1950s can now be worth hundreds of thousands of pounds.
Save money on Electric Guitars today
Posted on 27 Jul 2010 17:01 to category : Instruments News
Related Music News
With new windows drivers installed and great savings to be made on selected models, Focusrite are giving you more and more reasons to be merry this Christmas
Recent studies have shown that music can improve mental abilities whilst also helping to heal victims of brain damage
A luxurious digital piano designed to faithfully recreate the sound of a grand acoustic piano, the Casio Celviano GP-300 is the perfect tool of expression for the discerning pianist
Offering up to £80 off on the Kontrol Series whilst slashing the price of Komplete Audio 6 to £149, get your chance to use the worlds leading hardware at an incredibly discounted price
Buy Reason between November 24th and December 31st and get £350 worth of the best selling instrument and effect rack plugins for free!
Considered one of the go to beginner kits, the Mapex Tornado offers high quality performance at a fraction of the price
Recent Music News
Straight from the 90's, the legendary synth has been given a modern makeover to make it more versatile than ever
Antelope Audio Now Offering a Free License For PreSonus Studio One For Customers Who Purchase Selected Interfaces
Those who purchase a Zen Tour, Zen Studio, Orion Studio, Orion 32, Orion 32 or Goliath interface will be eligible to receive a free copy of PreSonus' Studio One
With thousands of new presets and a vast array of functions, the Predator 2 brings next level sound quality and user defined audio manipulation to the players immediate disposal
With a new arpeggiator and synthesizer at the users disposal, several user requested updates provide the player with more versatility than ever before
A limited time edition of the Akai MPK Mini MK 2, the white equivalent operates as an eye catching alternative that looks as good as it sounds.
Casio's GP-500 Celviano Grand Hybrid Digital Piano Awarded With Title of 'Most Innovative and Trusted Piano Product for 2016'
Bursting with a number of great features, the Celviano Grand Hybrid offers the player unparalleled performance and unprecedented tone


text:
Enchilada Casserole
Total Time
Prep 20 mins
Cook 35 mins
Satisfying, creamy enchiladas made with ease by simply layering ingredients.
Ingredients Nutrition
Casserole Ingredients
- 1⁄4 cup butter
- 1⁄4 cup all-purpose flour
- 1 cup milk
- 1⁄2 cup chicken broth
- 2 cups chopped cooked chicken
- 1⁄4 cup chopped red bell pepper
- 1 (4 ounce) canchopped green chilies
- 2 tablespoons dried taco seasoning mix
- 1 (8 ounce) package cheddar cheese, shredded
- 6 (6 inch) corn tortillas, halved
- 1⁄3 cup chopped fresh cilantro
Toppings Ingredients
- sour cream, if desired
- salsa, if desired
- sliced ripe olives, if desired
- Heat oven to 375°F Spray 8-inch square aluminum foil disposable pan or 2-quart round casserole with no-stick cooking spray.
- Melt butter in 2-quart saucepan until sizzling; add flour. Cook over medium heat, stirring constantly, 1 minute. Add milk and chicken broth. Continue cooking, stirring constantly, until mixture comes to a boil (4 to 6 minutes). Add chicken, red pepper, chiles and taco seasoning; continue cooking until heated through (2 to 3 minutes). Remove from heat.
- To assemble, spread 3/4 cup chicken mixture in bottom of prepared pan. Arrange 4 tortilla halves over chicken mixture; top with 3/4 cup chicken mixture. Sprinkle with 2/3 cup cheese. Repeat layering twice, beginning with tortilla halves and ending with cheese.
- Bake for 35 to 40 minutes or until bubbly. Sprinkle with cilantro. Serve with sour cream, salsa and ripe olives, if desired.
- FREEZE AND BAKE LATER METHOD: Cover with aluminum foil; freeze up to 3 months. To thaw, place in refrigerator 24 hours or until thawed. Heat oven to 375°F Bake for 35 to 40 minutes or until bubbly. Sprinkle with cilantro. Serve with sour cream, salsa and ripe olives, if desired.


text:
CROWN HEIGHTS - Family and friends came together Wednesday night to pray for the safe return of a Brooklyn rabbi and his wife, who were taken hostage by terrorists in Mumbai, India.
Rabbi Gavriel Holtzberg and his wife Rivka are believed to be held by gunmen who attacked the headquarters of the Chabad Lubavitch house. The Holtzbergs moved to India five years ago to run the ultra-orthodox Jewish organization.
The couple?s 2-year-old son had been rescued from the offices of Chabad Lubavitch by a cook, Sandra Samuel, who said the boy?s pants were soaked in blood, but he appeared to be unharmed.
Samuel says as she ran out with the boy in her arms, she saw the Holtzbergs and two other unidentified guests lying on the floor, apparently "unconscious."
It has been reported Thursday afternoon that eight hostages have been released from the headquarters of the Jewish outreach group, but it is yet to be determined whether Holtzberg and his wife are among those freed.
AP wire services contributed tothis article.


text:
victoria white
Stripping Virtual Girls GirlonDesktop porn star biography. Com an american adult film actress. Welcome to she's known good "blonde airhead" persona. This site is a picture gallery of desktop MILFs and strippers from the Virtuagirl website with redtube, home free starring choose pornhub. Watch Mae Victoria - Little White Anal Chick And A Big Black Dick Scene 2 com naked incredible selection hardcore download & 48 rush porn hd. Pornhub ultimate xxx porn sex site hardcore sex, blowjobs, sexy pussy, tits dvds paris enjoy best lesbian tribbing clips keezmovies. AKA (Charity Love, Scarlett Jolie) this babe s interracial porno movies. bubbly engaging blonde bombshell, pornstar who has had charmed career in XXX film get off hottie ffm threesome. Before 20 valentino gets ride she takes clothes get fill cock cum watch whole video it! find pink pearl creampie vids keezmovies. videos FREE on 4tube masturbate brunette bbw clips. com busty buxom babe. All Mobile HD available for download xvideos rayveness free. We have seen Adriana Lima strutting her stuff catwalk or we saw do all those sexy very suggestive pose GUESS? Victoria's Secret but who xvideos. Optimized Mobile! Pichunter looks totally awesome tables phones ! Try it out today, just point your phone browser pichunter com internet, 100% download videos at xhamster free, including browse photos, date girls fuck fun live sex chat only xhamster! down dirty blowjob lovely fair-haired baby doll beautiful blue eyes real slut. com will adjust to she loves getting fucked as hard possible by horny hell guys. Porn Star Biography


text:
Creamy Cheesy Crock Pot Bean Dip
Total Time
Prep 5 mins
Cook 2 hrs
This is not your average bean dip! You will never want the canned stuff again, I promise. This also makes a great filling for quesadillas or burritos.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1 (16 ounce) can refried beans
- 1 cup picante sauce or 1 cup salsa
- 1 cup shredded monterey jack cheese
- 1 cup shredded cheddar cheese
- 3⁄4 cup sour cream
- 1 (8 ounce) package cream cheese, softened
- 1 tablespoon chili powder
- 1⁄4 teaspoon ground cumin
- 1⁄4 teaspoon garlic powder
- 1 dash Worcestershire sauce
- 1 dash hot sauce (optional)
- salt
- fresh cracked black pepper
- Combine all ingredients in bowl until well mixed, transfer to slow cooker.
- Cover and cook on high for 2 hours, or until heated through.
- Stir 2 or 3 times while cooking.
- Serve with tortilla chips.
Most Helpful
I sooo agree . . . why buy that canned stuff when you can make this EXTREMELY easy dip and it tastes so much better. Great flavor that will surely please your guests. Thanks for sharing ANOTHER winner, Shimmerchk!
Nice dip, but I felt it was a little heavy on dairy--the sour cream and cream cheese seemed to overtake the spices and other flavors, lending the dip a bit bland. (But keep in mind, I love spicy food and a lot of flavor. Also, there is no package size specified for the cream cheese, so I assumed and used a typical 8-ounce package.) I must say, though, that the leftover dip made excellent enchiladas. I don't think I would use it alone as a filling, but I mixed with cooked, shredded chicken breasts--the spicy enchilada sauce helped offset the dairy products, and the enchiladas were wonderful! Worth making again just for this rendition--thanks for posting!


text:
Lana Has Fun With shemale porn shemales tranny porn trannies ladyboy ladyboys ts tgirl tgirls cd she
Young Studen gets the ride of her life
TeamSkeet Sexy latina Vanessa Leon hardcore sex facialized
Alexa Benson Gets Hammered By Shane
Babe gets pounded by a black dick
Gay cocksucking at a public place
Webyoung Dillion Harper Cute Lesbians
Busty nudist Japanese housewife polishes a table
Slutty Bigtit brunette MILF flight teacher Lisa Ann fucks stud
Granny And Aprentice mature mature porn granny old cumshots cumshot
2 hot str8 guys swapping handjobs and even sucks each others cock
BBW granny fucking with younger girl
Blond Beauty Bitch Gets Vaginal Dicked
Jasmine Rouge fucks the barman
Gay blowjob while he thinks its a girl
Thick Ebony Lesbian Orgy 3 lesbian girl on girl lesbians
Young Mommy Fucks For Another Baby
Lady Armani is getting fucked in her ass
Vietnamese Couple sex in an hotel
Brought to the woods and fuck student
Johnny Dawes Fucks Eric Stryker in KNOCKOUT (1983)
Her first young cute lesbian kisses
Big Tits Blonde Tranny Jerks off her Cock
Petite camgirl homemade masturbation
Sexy Fancy Is Cast For Hot Sex Scene
Horny gay men sucking masked stripper
Cfnm redhead takes strippers dick
Mature lady in heels and stockings
Super Cute And Busty Teen Sucking Cock teen amateur teen cumshots swallow dp anal
Busty teen stripping snatch home alone
Sexy Black Girl Takes A Bath black ebony cumshots ebony swallow interracial african ghetto bbc
Milf Wakes Up Sons friend For Sex
Dominating blonde giving harsh handjob
Gay dude masturbating in panty-hose
Jerked off by a girl scout against his will
Hot Northindian Girl clean her Pussy and fucking her BF
Charley Chase Air Hockey Hustle
Heavy Jizz Dropping on Twink Face
Aid money woman sex for 8 woman4
Anal webcam solo 48 years Elena from Spain
Excerpt from Screw my wife please 3
Aline Batistel (SOME LIKE IT HARD)
Cute Asian girl fingered and fucked outdoors! Athena Bautista Makes a Sex Video Tape? Alektra Blue and Dani Daniels share a big dick in a threesome? Gay masseuse spits on a cock!!!


text:
110 Nanny Jobs Found
Infant/ Toddler Teacher- King of Prussia, PA
Posted by Kim M. on 12/8/2016
- 13 miles away (King of Prussia, PA)
- $9–13/hr
- 4 children
Apply now to enjoy a career as an infant teacher and accompany parents and children through the many developmental milestones and moments of discovery that occur in the first year of life. From rolling over and sitting up, to first steps and first friendships, children develop confidence from your... More
Full time nanny in E. Passyunk area
Posted by Dana S. on 12/8/2016
- 16 miles away (Philadelphia, PA)
- $10/hr
- 1 child
I work from home, and need a reliable nanny to care for my one year old daughter starting in late January for approximately 8 months to 1 year. This is full-time, 40 hours one week, and 31 hours one week, 830am to 430pm. Specifically, the week you would work 31 hours, you would have off on Friday,... More
Bryn Mawr--Full Time Nanny
Posted by Jobs At H. on 12/9/2016
- 14 miles away (Bryn Mawr, PA)
- $18/hr
- 2 children
Family in Bryn Mawr needs a full time nanny for their 2 girls, ages 4 & 7. Monday through Friday 7am-6pm. It is full child care, some light housekeeping, children's laundry, errands, driving and cooking for the kids. Responsibilities include getting the kids up with breakfast made, take... More
After school sitter to help with homework...
Posted by Regan S. on 12/7/2016
- 12 miles away (Penn Valley, PA)
- $15–18/hr
- 4 children
We have four children 15, 14 and twins who are 9. We are looking for someone to help out in the afternoons and evenings with supervising homework for the twins and driving all of the kids to sports and activities. Hours are likely to be 4-7 but may be require some flexibility - 3-4 afternoons a... More
PT, 2 Children, 30hrs/week, Wayne
Posted by Marissa R. on 12/7/2016
- 16 miles away (Wayne, PA)
- $18/hr
- 2 children
Wayne, PA 19087 30 hours 1 year required 3.5 month old and 3 year old girl Monday-Friday 7:30am-1:30pm (flex to stay until 2pm sometimes, t's pretty rare though) 3 year old is in school M/W/F 9am-2:30pm- only two days a week would you have both children General household upkeep, children's... More
PT, 2 Children, Glenside IMMEDIATE START
Posted by Marissa R. on 12/7/2016
- 15 miles away (Philadelphia, PA)
- $15/hr
- 2 children
Glenside, Pa 19038 15 Month old twins We need someone starting this Monday to cover 1-4 weeks, as many as you can give while I look for a long term placement. Monday and Thursday 7:30am-5pm Tuesday and Friday 8:30am-5pm Ideally looking for someone who can stay until April/May (some flexibility... More
PT, 1 Child, Gladwyn
Posted by Marissa R. on 12/7/2016
- 11 miles away (Gladwyne, PA)
- $15/hr
- 1 child
Gladwyn, Pa 19035 Start Date asap- Jan/Feb 27-30 hours, 1 year required 21 month old little girl Hours are somewhat flexible in the morning Monday 10-6 Tuesday 11/12-6 Wed 10-6 Thurs 11-6/7 General household upkeep, child's laundry, meal prep Car and license required $15+ depending on... More
Fulltime nanny needed for 11 month old
Posted by Kimmi H. on 12/7/2016
- 12 miles away (Langhorne, PA)
- $10–15/hr
- 1 child
We are looking for a fulltime nanny for our 11 month old. Hours would be Monday through Friday 9am-5pm. Looking for someone with experience with 11 month olds and daily activities for their development and CPR certified. Must have own reliable car. Must be a non-smoker. Snacks and lunch preparation... More
After school nanny
Posted by Jacob M. on 12/6/2016
- 8 miles away (Philadelphia, PA)
- $15–20/hr
- 2 children
Looking for a nanny to pick up two kids, ages 6 and 3, from after-school in Chestnut Hill and drive them home to W. Germantown. Then prep a dinner for kids and supervise them until 8pm MWF and 9:30pm TTh. Also seeking a nanny for 4 hours of in-home child supervision on Sat and Sun, flexible times. More
Full time nanny position for before and...
Posted by Sarah K. on 12/6/2016
- 22 miles away (Voorhees, NJ)
- $17/hr
- 2 children
Need a nanny to take care of lovely two girls, ages 5 and 8, before and after school. Looking for motivated nanny to help with homework, reinforce academics, drive to extra-curricular activities, preparation of snacks and breakfast, if time permits light housework like dishes and folding... More
Newtown, PA Nanny
Posted by Jobs At H. on 12/6/2016
- 12 miles away (Newtown, PA)
- $20/hr
- 4 children
Growing family in Newtown, PA needs a full time nanny to help with their 4 children—ages 8, 7, 1 and a newborn expected in January. The position is Monday through Friday from 1pm-9pm with flexibility. Primary child care responsibilities for the 2 youngest children, along with some light... More
Nanny/ tutor
Posted by Dionne W. on 12/5/2016
- 11 miles away (Lansdale, PA)
- $15/hr
- 2 children
Need someone for after school and evening hours. We have 4 children, 2 of which are elementary school 4-6 grade and 2 that are both high school 10th graders. Need help with homework and light house duties for children. Also other languages if possible preferably Hebrew.
Posted by Allison C. on 12/5/2016
- 18 miles away (Haddonfield, NJ)
- $11–13/hr
- 2 children
Pick up kids from school at 3:00 and stay until 5 or 6pm m-f Kindergarten and 4th grade girls - would like you to help with homework and keep house clean and prepare snacks or dinner I may need a sitter for evenings during the week and weekend if available.
FT, 4 Children, Wynnewood
Posted by Marissa R. on 12/5/2016
- 13 miles away (Wynnewood, PA)
- $20/hr
- 4 children
Wynewood, Pa 19096 Full time 40h guaranteed Start Date Dec 5th (Live in or Live out) One year required, long term preferred Hours needed: Monday-Friday 7am-9am and 3:45-7:30pm The additional 10 hour a week can be 2 hours each day the time of your choice for meal prep. If some days you need to... More
FT, 3 Children, Wynnewood
Posted by Marissa R. on 12/5/2016
- 13 miles away (Wynnewood, PA)
- $18/hr
- 3 children
Wynnewood, Pa 19096 1 Year Required, Long Term Preferred Start Date 12/14 (some flexibility to start earlier or later) 14 month boy/girl twins and newborn due Jan 26th (primary focus on twins) Mom will be home mainly handling newborn Monday-Friday 8am-6pm (8am-4pm for first few weeks until baby... More


text:
Astronaut and American Hero John Glenn Has Died
Glenn, who died Thursday at the age of 95, was the first US astronaut to orbit Earth, the third American in space, a four-term senator for Ohio, and a one-time presidential candidate.
Glenn, who died Thursday at the age of 95, was the first US astronaut to orbit Earth, the third American in space, a four-term senator for Ohio, and a one-time presidential candidate.
Chinese chef Peng Chang-kue first whipped up his chicken masterpiece back in 1952. He died Tuesday at the age of 98.
Whether it's in a drone tracking shot or the referential pastiche of Tarantino and Wes Anderson, Coutard's vision of hyper-staged naturalism is everywhere.
Leonard Cohen's musical catalog was robust and full of classics—but his literary work was no less essential to understanding his art.
Venida Browder died of complications from a heart attack Friday, just 16 months after her son hanged himself in the wake of three horrific years on Rikers Island.
Protests erupt in North Carolina after a fatal police shooting, Ahmad Rahami is charged with using weapons of mass destruction, Chinese hackers remotely attack the Tesla Model S, and more.
Phyllis Schlafly's career of fighting feminism was made possible by the forces she spent her life battling. And in the end, she lost.
Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory and Blazing Saddles will be back on the big screen one more time in honor of the legendary actor.
Though probably best known for playing the Dude's wheelchair-bound nemesis, Huddleston's half-a-century-long acting career was long and varied.
We will never forget her infectious catchphrase, "Call me now!"
The Labour MP fought hate and injustice for her whole life. Here, the people who knew her call on others to continue that fight.
When he rhymed, we rhymed too, believing that we could spit homespun verse to proclaim our majesty. We too could "float like a butterfly and sting like a bee." We too could "rumble, young man, rumble." We too could say that we "shook up the world."
He represented the idea that you can be the most delusional version of yourself, and no one can stop you, as long as you win.
In 1971, just after returning to boxing and losing to Joe Frazier and just before his case went to the Supreme Court, Muhammad Ali picked up an unsuspecting 19-year-old thumbing a ride in Chicago.
By being big, bold, beautiful, and black, Muhammad Ali charted a path for hip-hop's pioneers to follow, and taught us how to be men.
Stories of Muhammad Ali's speed, toughness, generosity, ego, and wit.
Katherine Dunn died this week, but her work—especially the incredible novel Geek Love—spoke to everyone who thought of themselves as an outsider or weirdo.
The late singer was scheduled to meet with the doc the day after he was found dead, according to a local paper.
Law enforcement officials are looking into any drugs Prince might have taken prior to his death, and whether a doctor was in the mix.
A collection of illustrations by various artists to honor and pay tribute to the one, the only, Prince Rogers Nelson.
A sociologist breaks down the mechanics behind the public displays of grief after a cultural hero dies.
TMZ reports that the pop star's emergency jet landing last week might have been due to a Percocet overdose.
Prince is dead, and that sucks, but what he leaves behind changed us forever.


text: I first visited this restaurant over 20 years ago and nothing has changed; not the staff, not the decor, and thankfully not the menu. Their speciality is paella but for heaven's sake don't order anything else. The setting is spectacular, the staff professional if brusque and the selection of paellas is, frankly, beyond belief. We fondly remembered the Salt Cod... More


text:
Real Estate E&O Policy Exclusions Arising from Bank-Owned Properties
Eric Stern on How Higher Education Does Real Estate
TAX LAW WEBINAR: Section 1031 Exchanges
If somebody owes me money, can I put a lien against their real estate?
Addressing Environmental Issues in Real Estate Development
Construction Lien Law: What You Need to Know to Protect Your Company
When to file a lis pendens--Martin Desmery, Partridge Snow & Hahn
In The Cross-Hairs? Protecting Your Company Against Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Investigations and Investors' Mortgage Buyback Claims
Litigation of Construction Delay: Claims of Delayed Early Completion
Homebuilder Series Webinar: Joint Ventures Solutions, Steve Lear
Ventas' Debra Cafaro on why the Health Care asset class is well positioned in today's economy
A New World for Mortgage Banking – What You Need to Know About the CFPB's Final Mortgage Servicing Rules
Taking it Seriously: Unusual Lease Violations in Virginia
Weekly Brief: Lawyers Laid Off After Foreclosure Settlement
Allen Matkins/CBRE 360 in 60 - Industrial Markets Overview
Allen Matkins/CBRE 360 in 60 - Capital Markets Overview
Allen Matkins/CBRE 360 in 60 - Economy Overview
Weekly Brief: Hurricane Sandy, GC Donations, Tweeting Fake News
Weekly Brief: BoA Sued; SCOTUS Shortlists; Fund Fights Argentina
Weekly Brief: CFPB, Legal Fees & Hashtag Hijackers
Attorney James W. Shindell, Real Estate chair at Bilzin Sumberg, has a message for those who believe Donald Trump's presidential election will hurt Miami's real estate market: The sky is not falling.
Shindell addressed...more
In Tiuta International Ltd v De Villiers Surveyors Ltd [2016] EWCA Civ 661, the English Court of Appeal delivered an important judgment
in favour of lenders in a valuer's negligence case, which has...more
Belgium recently introduced the regulatory framework for an attractive new real estate investment vehicle, the specialized real estate investment fund (gespecialiseerd vastgoedbeleggingsfonds (GVBF) / fonds d'investissement...more
Think of Africa and chances are you will be transported to a sun-blushed savannah, where beautiful wild elephants roam across the plains. Or you may think of the monolithic churches of Ethiopia, the reggae and hip hop sounds...more
Owners, Developers Face Challenges Converting Parking to E-Commerce Delivery Space -
Because millennials make up an increasing number of urban residents, owners and developers of apartment and condominium buildings are...more
California Appellate Court Overturns "Sham Guaranty" Defense -
The single-purpose entity (SPE) has become a ubiquitous tool in commercial real estate acquisitions and financing in California. Lenders increasingly require...more
Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP is sponsoring its inaugural Finance Forum in Charlotte, North Carolina on December 1st. Join Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP and fellow industry leaders to discuss emerging trends, market...more
There has been much recent California case law regarding the sham guaranty defense and for good reason – success for a guarantor on this defense can eliminate a lender's recovery of a deficiency against a guarantor of a...more
In attempting to fend off lenders' mortgage foreclosure actions, borrowers will often assert defenses challenging the lenders' right to foreclose. Two recent Connecticut Superior Court decisions provide cautionary tales on...more
California Legislature Revises De Minimis Exemption of Finance Lenders Law -
Real estate projects that utilize federal New Markets Tax Credit (NMTC) financing recently received a reprieve from a state licensing...more
Practicing real estate law means that I'm constantly talking with all types of clients, including large scale developers as well as individuals simply looking to do a little investing in real estate. Interestingly and...more
The Prudential Regulation Authority published a Policy Statement and Supervisory Statement setting out its final policy approach to underwriting standards for buy-to-let mortgage contracts. The Supervisory Statement sets out...more
No es ningún secreto que Miami se ha convertido en uno de los mercados más atractivos del mundo para los inversores internacionales. Los latinoamericanos, en particular, han tenido una gran influencia en el sector...more
Against a backdrop of lower oil prices and reduced government spending, real estate markets across the UAE have softened in recent times, resulting in tightened liquidity and contracted asset values. However, challenging...more
A very warm welcome to Issue 25 of DLA Piper's Real Estate Gazette.
The global real estate market is currently operating against a backdrop of economic uncertainty. Brexit, immigration and presidential elections in the US...more
We recently presented our Global Real Estate Trends seminar with analysis from Sabina Kalyan, Global Chief Economist and Head of EMEA Strategy & Market, CBRE Global Investors.
Please see full presentation below for more...more
The predictable landscape of foreclosing real property is no longer that for mortgagees, potential investors, construction professionals or municipalities in Florida. Last week, the Fourth District Court of Appeal confirmed...more
Last summer, I wrote about the Appraisal Institute's controversial effort to promote legislation in California (known as AB 624) that would enable licensed real estate appraisers performing appraisals for...more
What is the EB-5 Immigrant Investor Visa Program?
The EB-5 immigrant investment visa program provides a "fast track" to obtain permanent U.S. residency (a "green card") to qualified foreign investors who satisfy...more
Building on early successes, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network ("FinCEN") announced new rules targeting buyers of high-end real estate properties.
Earlier this year, FinCEN adopted rules focusing on high-end...more
Continuing its efforts to deter the use of real estate as a vehicle to launder proceeds of criminal activity, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) recently announced its plan to extend the reach and time frame of...more
On a bi-monthly basis, we will present a shortlist of upcoming projects in the Middle East and Africa which may be of interest to Chinese contractors and investors looking to do business in the region. These are projects...more
Citizens in many countries the world over are plagued by an inability to record their land interests in a reliable and secure registry. Inefficiency, corruption and nepotism are rife, leaving countless people at risk of...more
On 4 July 2016, Standard Life Investments suspended trading as a result of investors flooding the gates for redemptions. Several other funds such as M&G and Aviva Investments followed suit throughout the same week.
In Liberty Bankers Life Insurance Co. v. Witherspoon, No. 41993, 2016 WL 74987 (Idaho Jan. 6, 2016), the Idaho Supreme Court examined a loan modification agreement in which a lender agreed to release real property from its...more
Find a Residential Real Estate Author »
Your first step to building a free, personalized, morning email brief covering pertinent authors and topics on JD Supra:
Sign up to create your digest using LinkedIn*
JD Supra provides users with access to its legal industry publishing services (the "Service") through its website (the "Website") as well as through other sources. Our policies with regard to data collection and use of personal information of users of the Service, regardless of the manner in which users access the Service, and visitors to the Website are set forth in this statement ("Policy"). By using the Service, you signify your acceptance of this Policy.
JD Supra collects users' names, companies, titles, e-mail address and industry. JD Supra also tracks the pages that users visit, logs IP addresses and aggregates non-personally identifiable user data and browser type. This data is gathered using cookies and other technologies.
The information and data collected is used to authenticate users and to send notifications relating to the Service, including email alerts to which users have subscribed; to manage the Service and Website, to improve the Service and to customize the user's experience. This information is also provided to the authors of the content to give them insight into their readership and help them to improve their content, so that it is most useful for our users.
JD Supra does not sell, rent or otherwise provide your details to third parties, other than to the authors of the content on JD Supra.
If you prefer not to enable cookies, you may change your browser settings to disable cookies; however, please note that rejecting cookies while visiting the Website may result in certain parts of the Website not operating correctly or as efficiently as if cookies were allowed.
Users who opt in to receive emails may choose to no longer receive e-mail updates and newsletters by selecting the "opt-out of future email" option in the email they receive from JD Supra or in their JD Supra account management screen.
JD Supra takes reasonable precautions to insure that user information is kept private. We restrict access to user information to those individuals who reasonably need access to perform their job functions, such as our third party email service, customer service personnel and technical staff. However, please note that no method of transmitting or storing data is completely secure and we cannot guarantee the security of user information. Unauthorized entry or use, hardware or software failure, and other factors may compromise the security of user information at any time.
If you have reason to believe that your interaction with us is no longer secure, you must immediately notify us of the problem by contacting us at email@example.com. In the unlikely event that we believe that the security of your user information in our possession or control may have been compromised, we may seek to notify you of that development and, if so, will endeavor to do so as promptly as practicable under the circumstances.
Except as otherwise described in this privacy statement, JD Supra will not disclose personal information to any third party unless we believe that disclosure is necessary to: (1) comply with applicable laws; (2) respond to governmental inquiries or requests; (3) comply with valid legal process; (4) protect the rights, privacy, safety or property of JD Supra, users of the Service, Website visitors or the public; (5) permit us to pursue available remedies or limit the damages that we may sustain; and (6) enforce our Terms & Conditions of Use.
In the event there is a change in the corporate structure of JD Supra such as, but not limited to, merger, consolidation, sale, liquidation or transfer of substantial assets, JD Supra may, in its sole discretion, transfer, sell or assign information collected on and through the Service to one or more affiliated or unaffiliated third parties.
This Website and the Service may contain links to other websites. The operator of such other websites may collect information about you, including through cookies or other technologies. If you are using the Service through the Website and link to another site, you will leave the Website and this Policy will not apply to your use of and activity on those other sites. We encourage you to read the legal notices posted on those sites, including their privacy policies. We shall have no responsibility or liability for your visitation to, and the data collection and use practices of, such other sites. This Policy applies solely to the information collected in connection with your use of this Website and does not apply to any practices conducted offline or in connection with any other websites.
We reserve the right to change this Policy at any time. Please refer to the date at the top of this page to determine when this Policy was last revised. Any changes to our privacy policy will become effective upon posting of the revised policy on the Website. By continuing to use the Service or Website following such changes, you will be deemed to have agreed to such changes. If you do not agree with the terms of this Policy, as it may be amended from time to time, in whole or part, please do not continue using the Service or the Website.
If you have any questions about this privacy statement, the practices of this site, your dealings with this Web site, or if you would like to change any of the information you have provided to us, please contact us at: email@example.com.
Already signed up? Log in here
Back to Top
Explore 2016 Readers' Choice Awards
Copyright ©


text:
Team Leader - Voice Process ( 1 - 30 yrs)
E2e Path - Hr Consultancy
RS1,50,000 To 4,50,000Mumbai, Mumbai Suburb, Thane
Dear Candidate, Greetings of the day! Urgent requirement of Team Leader, with one of the leading MNC Company in ITES Sector Job Description •Minimum 1 year of experience as Team Leader (on paper) •Qualification: Minimum HSC / Grad...
Key Skills : team coach,team leader,call center manager,inbound voice process,outbound sales,team handling,people management,team...
Centre Manager @ Chengalpett ( 2 - 6 yrs)
Edubridge Learning Pvt. Ltd.
RS2,00,000 To 2,25,000Guwahati, Thane, Chengalpattu, Chennai
-Take full and sole accountability for the center P&L -Design and implement center operational and marketing plan aligned with the regional priorities -Ensure effective center operations and unite team under common goal to make the center profitab...
Key Skills : team mnagement,sales,center management,marketing,business development
Recruitment Solutions
RS1,50,000 To 3,75,000Thane, Virar
Current Opening for Team Leader Team Handling, Good communication Skill
Key Skills : team leader,sales executive,sales manager,marketing executive,marketing manager,business development executive,team handling,people...
Assistant Sales Manager ( 3 - 10 yrs)
One Stop Marriage
RS2,50,000 To 4,00,000Kalyan-Dombivali, Thane, Navi Mumbai
1. To understand and identify the customers that falls in OSM Categories 2. To lead the team, recruit new executives and explain their work profile 3. To train and continuous follow up with sales executives for executing following work flow. 4. To...
Key Skills : team handling,field sales,sales executive,area sales executive,business development,assistant sales manager,sales officer,sales head,sales manager


text: Massachusetts The Pulse: In Recovery On A Secluded Island Off The Cape Cod Coast By Karen Brown • Dec 1, 2016 Karen Brown / NEPR/NENC Listen Listening... / 11:23 About a dozen miles off the coast of Cape Cod sits a rustic island named Penikese — part of the Elizabeth island chain. A hundred years ago, Penikese was home to a leper colony, then a school for troubled boys and a bird sanctuary. This past fall, Penikese opened to its newest incarnation — a treatment program for opioid addicts. Video Captured On Cape Cod Offers Insight Into Great White Shark Hunting Behavior By Ximena Conde • Dec 1, 2016 Kenvor Cothey A video from Cape Cod provides a rare glimpse of what causes some great white sharks to wash ashore on area beaches. Cape resident Kenvor Cothey captured the video over the weekend, showing a shark hunting a seal close to shore and nearly endangering itself in the process. RI Has No Statewide Reporting Tool For Hate Crimes By Elisabeth Harrison • Nov 23, 2016 Elisabeth Harrison / RIPR There have been anecdotal reports about a rise in hate crimes around the country since the presidential election. But it remains unclear whether there's been a similar uptick in Rhode Island. That's because the state has no centralized mechanism for reporting suspected hate crimes. Attorney General Peter Kilmartin's office says the only way to find out would be to survey local police departments. The Pulse: Heroin Addicts Give Up Civil Rights In Exchange For Treatment By Karen Brown • Nov 3, 2016 Karen Brown / NEPR/NENC Massachusetts is one of about 40 states where someone who abuses drugs or alcohol to an extreme can be legally committed to a locked treatment facility -- along with Maine, Vermont and New Hampshire. Rhode Island allows legal commitment only for alcohol addiction. In most cases, a worried family member has to go to court to make that happen. But one recent trend that has surprised even court officials is how many addicts are appealing directly to a judge — willing to give up their civil rights in exchange for some help. Rhody Votes '16: Tiverton Residents Consider Twin River Casino Proposal By John Bender • Nov 2, 2016 Ian Donnis / RIPR Listen Listening... / 5:23 Next week voters go to the polls to pick the next president of the United States. Rhode Island voters also vote on several statewide issues, including the proposal to build a casino in Tiverton. As part of our Rhody Votes '16 coverage Rhode Island Public Radio's John Bender headed to Tiverton, where residents are seemed lukewarm about the casino. As Housatonic River Cleanup Plan Finalized, Plenty Of Gripes On All Sides By Nancy Eve Cohen • Oct 30, 2016 Nancy Eve Cohen / WFCR Some Housatonic River advocates say they wish the EPA's cleanup plan called for digging up more PCBs. PCBs are a man-made toxin, which was manufactured in the 1920s. This comes as the agency released its final plan to remove toxins from the river which runs through western Massachusetts and Connecticut. The $613 million plan calls for removing and capping PCBs from the river bottom and floodplain. New England States Advance Clean Energy Projects By Ambar Espinoza • Oct 28, 2016 David Goehring / Creative Commons License via Flickr A trio of New England states has selected projects that will add about 460 megawatts of renewable energy to the region's market in the next few years. Bidding companies can start negotiating with utilities in Rhode Island, Connecticut and Massachusetts. Poll: Support Increases For Legalizing Marijuana In Mass. By Fred Thys • Oct 25, 2016 Dank Depot/flickr / Creative Commons License Listen Listening... / 2:44 A new poll from Boston public radio station WBUR finds growing support for a ballot measure that would legalize recreational marijuana. In Rhode Island, advocates have pushed for a similar measure, but some local lawmakers say they will wait to see what happens in the Bay State before taking up the issue. Curt Schilling Joining Conservative Website Breitbart As Online Radio Host By John Bender • Oct 24, 2016 Former Red Sox pitcher Curt Schilling is heading to the conservative media organization Breitbart. The former sports star has been increasingly visible in the news. Two weeks ago, Schilling penned an opinion piece in the Providence Journal in which he blamed then-governor Lincoln Chafee for the failure of 38 Studios. Schilling helped found the video game company, which subsequently went bankrupt, after receiving tens of millions of dollars in support from the state. A Look Back At How Big Papi Became A Red Sox Legend By Dan Guzman • Sep 30, 2016 Parker Harrington / Creative Commons License Listen Listening... / 4:03 The Red Sox and their fans will celebrate the legacy of David Ortiz during the team's final regular season series, which begins Friday night at Fenway Park. The day the baseball player known as Big Papi became a Boston legend is easy to pinpoint: Oct. 18, 2004. PARCC Scores: RI Vs. MA By Elisabeth Harrison • Sep 30, 2016 Elisabeth Harrison After just two years of PARCC, there is little longitudinal data to help us understand how students and their schools are doing. But one of the promises of PARCC was that it would allow state-by-state comparisons of achievement, so let's see what we can learn by comparing scores from Rhode Island with our high-achieving neighbor to the north: Massachusetts. Will Legalizing Marijuana Create Modern Bootleggers Across New England? By Fred Bever • Sep 27, 2016 U.S. Coast Guard / Creative Commons License States that have legalized marijuana are contending with a new criminal tactic - smugglers who grow and process it for export to states where it remains illegal - and worth a lot more. Colorado is the epicenter of the phenomenon, and it's popping up in Oregon and Washington too. As Maine, Massachusetts and Canada consider legalizing recreational marijuana, the question arises - will the Northeast see a wave of new-age bootleggers? The Pulse: Scurvy Cropping Up In New England By Karen Brown • Aug 4, 2016 Elisabeth Harrison Poverty often leads to a poor diet, and poor diets can lead to a host of health problems. Doctors in Springfield, Massachusetts, think they've identified a diet-related condition that many thought disappeared hundreds of years ago. Rebels And Redcoats Set To Storm Sturbridge Village By Katherine Doherty • Jul 31, 2015 John Collins / Old Sturbridge Village The Revolutionary War returns to New England soil this weekend in Massachusetts. The annual reenactment known as Redcoats and Rebels is thought to be the largest war reenactment in the country. Event Coordinator Jim O'Brien says it features more than 1,000 soldiers in full period costume. "You forget about today," said O'Brien. "You really forget who you are. For that moment, you are back in the 18th century. It really is just a unique experience that has immediate gratification." Massachusetts Gov. Baker Joins Gov. Raimondo For Lunch, Hockey Chat By John Bender • Jun 9, 2015 Zakarias Abrous / RIPR Massachusetts Governor Charlie Baker and Rhode Island Governor Gina Raimondo met in Providence Tuesday. According to staffers from Governor Raimondo's office, the meeting was informal. The governors were expected to discuss college hockey and the first-ever championship for Providence College, which beat out longtime rival Boston University. The two state leaders were also set to talk about the economy, and what can be done to bolster the region. Massachusetts has seen declines in unemployment, while Rhode Island has recovered more slowly from the recession. Pages1 2 3 4 next › last »


text:
Before, pictures only belong inside photo albums and photo frames. But ever since the internet became popular and networking sites such as MySpace, Facebook, Twitter, Multiply and Friendster have become a fad, a huge number of photos are now also uploaded and shared over the internet. The internet has made it easier for all of us to share our good memories and even our skills. Here are five of the most important photography tips in taking pictures that will amaze your friends.
Be observant. One important quality of a good photographer is his ability to be keen about his surroundings. If you are observant enough even the tiniest and littlest of things can be meaningful. Observant people can find worth in very simple things that other people don't even notice. You can share your observations and the things that catch your attention by taking pictures of these minute details that you take notice of. This is a good way for you to share and amaze your friends of what they do not usually see.
Be quick. Along with being observant, you also have to be quick whenever you see something worth clicking. You have


text:
This activity has GetYourGuide's stamp of approval! Exceptional customer service, knowledgeable staff, and a great time guaranteed.
Half-Day Tour of Zaanse Schans Windmills from Amsterdam
Duration: 3 hours
Duration: 3 hours
From £26
Exchange your voucher at one of the Canal, Gray Line or Holland International ticket shops in the city center. Shops and stops are available near Central Station, Anne Frank House, Hermitage, Van Gogh Museum, Rijksmuseum, and more. See voucher for further details. (Open in Google Maps)
Product ID: 30899


text:
President James Garfield Free Frank Envelope Signed As Congressman
This item has been shown 0 times.
President James Garfield Free Frank Envelope Signed As Congressman:
20th President. Attractive free franked envelope signed "Ja Garfield MC" at top right, addressed in another hand to "B. A. Hinsdale of Hiram, Ohio". Black circular "Washington D.C., Apr. 14th Free" date stamp.
In truly fine condition, notation of "April 13, 1872" on verso.
Burke Aaron Hinsdale whose life as an educator and his work as a writer had a significant impact in the field of education and earned him national recognition as one of the country's most innovative pedagogical philosophers.
We authored the Presidential Autographs chapter in the 7th Edition of The Sanders Autograph Price Guide. We guarantee the authenticity of this item with our written certification, without time limit. We are full-time autograph dealers specializing in Presidential, Historical and Sports collectibles.
Additional information and/or images gladly sent promptly. Some images are stock photos for items we have multiples of. All buyers will receive our once-a-month specials email. Please alert us if you would prefer not to receive these specials. Please view our other sales for additional material including historical autographs, Steiner Sports and Yankees memorabilia and Presidential signatures.
Shipping on this item is $8 within the Continental USA. All international orders are sent at buyers risk and all customs forms fully declared. All items sent via USPS with their insurance as well as private insurance.
We prefer payment via Paypal and ship within one business day. We can also accept VISA, Mastercard and Discover cards directly. All NY residents must pay 8.625% sales tax unless a valid NY State resale certificate is submitted.
We are full-time autograph dealers. We appreciate your interest in Shafran Collectibles.Powered by ProStores
President James Garfield Free Frank Envelope Signed As Congressman:
Rare Dragonball Z Autograph Vegitto Dual Auto Sean Schemmel & Christopher Sabat
Jimmy Carter Signed Psa Autographed - 8x10 Presidential Framed Portrait Photo
Presidential Signature Of Herbert Hoover
Jeb Bush Signed Photo 8x10 #3 Jsa Coa Proof
Ted Cruz Signed Photo 8x10 #4 2016 President Tea Party Jsa Coa Proof
Jeb Bush Signed Photo 8x10 #2 Jsa Coa Proof


text:
A PhD or Doctor of Philosophy is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities. Once one attains a PhD he or she may often be referred to as a doctor.
Management PhD is a doctorate similar to a PhD in business. It is considered to be the highest possible degree that can be awarded in business. It is a program designed to help those practicing in the field with a quest for research and professional teaching as far as management is concerned worldwide.
Earning an online degree from a school can likely lead to a promotion and/or salary raise, or prepare you for a new career. Even if classroom training may be considered more traditional, online education is advantageous in its own right. There is a mixture of degree programs, and individual classes offered through online learning organizations. It is not unheard of for tuition costs for online courses to be lower than that of a conventional school, although this is certainly not reliable of all online programs.
The USA remains the world's most popular destination for international students. Universities in the US dominate the world rankings and the country also offers a wide variety of exciting study locations. State university systems are partially subsidized by state governments, and may have many campuses spread around the state, with hundreds of thousands of students.
Request Information Online Doctorate Degrees in Management in Whitley in USA 2017
or search for similar programs here