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United States District Court, E.D. California
September 30, 2014
STANLEY ALEXANDER FERRELL, Plaintiff,v.CAROLYN W. COLVIN, Acting Commissioner of Social Security, Defendant.
EDMUND F. BRENNAN, Magistrate Judge.
Plaintiff seeks judicial review of a final decision of the Commissioner of Social Security ("Commissioner") denying his application for a period of disability and Disability Insurance Benefits ("DIB") under Title II of the Social Security Act. The parties' cross-motions for summary judgment are pending. For the reasons discussed below, plaintiff's motion is denied and defendant's motion is granted.
Plaintiff protectively filed an application for a period of disability and DIB on February 24, 2010, alleging that he has been disabled since June 9, 2009. Administrative Record ("AR") 156-57. Plaintiff's application was denied initially and upon reconsideration. Id. at 86-89, 96-100. On November 7, 2011, a hearing was held before administrative law judge ("ALJ") K. Kwon. Id. at 31-80. Plaintiff was represented by counsel at the hearing, at which he and a vocational expert ("VE") testified. Id.
On December 16, 2011, the ALJ issued a decision finding that plaintiff was not disabled under sections 216(i) and 223(d) of the Act.[1] Id. at 18-26. The ALJ made the following specific findings:
1. The claimant last met the insured status requirements of the Social Security Act on December 31, 2009.
2. The claimant did not engage in substantial gainful activity during the period from his alleged onset date of June 9, 2009 through his date last insured of December 31, 2009 (20 CFR 404.1571 et seq. ).
* * *
3. Through the date last insured, the claimant had the following severe impairments: hypertension, obesity, and hepatitis C (stage 1) (20 CFR 404.1520(c)).
4. Through the date last insured, the claimant did not have an impairment or combination of impairments that met or medically equaled the severity of one of the listed impairments in 20 CFR Part 404, Subpart P, Appendix 1 (20 CFR 404.1520(d), 404.1525, 404.1526).
5. After careful consideration of the entire record, the undersigned finds that, through the date last insured, the claimant had the residual functional capacity to perform less than the full range of light work as defined in 20 CFR 404.1567(b). He should avoid work at e [sic] to unprotected heights, with hardous [sic] machinery, and should not climb ladders, ropes or scaffolds.
6. Through the date last insured, the claimant was capable of performing past relevant work as an electronic technician/production supervisor, and regional manager. This work did not require the performance of work-related activities precluded by the claimant's residual functional capacity (20 CFR 404.1565).
7. The claimant was not under a disability, as defined in the Social Security Act, at any time from June 9, 2009, the alleged onset date, through December 31, 2009, the date last insured (20 CFR 404.1520(f)).
Id. at 20-26.
Plaintiff's request for Appeals Council review was denied on January 17, 2013, leaving the ALJ's decision as the final decision of the Commissioner. Id. at 1-5.
The Commissioner's decision that a claimant is not disabled will be upheld if the findings of fact are supported by substantial evidence in the record and the proper legal standards were applied. Schneider v. Comm'r of the Soc. Sec. Admin., 223 F.3d 968, 973 (9th Cir. 2000); Morgan v. Comm'r of the Soc. Sec. Admin., 169 F.3d 595, 599 (9th Cir. 1999); Tackett v. Apfel, 180 F.3d 1094, 1097 (9th Cir. 1999).
The findings of the Commissioner as to any fact, if supported by substantial evidence, are conclusive. See Miller v. Heckler, 770 F.2d 845, 847 (9th Cir. 1985). Substantial evidence is more than a mere scintilla, but less than a preponderance. Saelee v. Chater, 94 F.3d 520, 521 (9th Cir. 1996). "It means such evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.'" Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401 (1971) (quoting Consol. Edison Co. v. N.L.R.B., 305 U.S. 197, 229 (1938)).
"The ALJ is responsible for determining credibility, resolving conflicts in medical testimony, and resolving ambiguities." Edlund v. Massanari, 253 F.3d 1152, 1156 (9th Cir. 2001) (citations omitted). "Where the evidence is susceptible to more than one rational interpretation, one of which supports the ALJ's decision, the ALJ's conclusion must be upheld." Thomas v. Barnhart, 278 F.3d 947, 954 (9th Cir. 2002).
Plaintiff argues that the ALJ erred by (1) finding that his intracranial hemorrhage was not a severe impairment at step two, (2) rejecting his treating physicians' opinions in favor of opinions from a state agency medical consultants, (3) discrediting plaintiff's testimony, (4) failing to credit third-party testimony, and (5) failing to pose a hypothetical to the VE that included all of plaintiff's limitations.
A. The ALJ Did Not Error at Step Two
Plaintiff contends that the ALJ erred at the second step of the sequential evaluation process by failing to find that his intracranial hemorrhage was a severe impairment. ECF No. 15 at 6-8.
"The step-two inquiry is a de minimis screening device to dispose of groundless claims." Smolen v. Chater, 80 F.3d 1273, 1290 (9th Cir. 1996). The purpose is to identify claimants whose medical impairment is so slight that it is unlikely they would be disabled even if age, education, and experience were taken into account. Bowen v. Yuckert, 482 U.S. 137, 153 (1987). At step two of the sequential evaluation, the ALJ determines which of claimant's alleged impairments are "severe" within the meaning of 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(c). A severe impairment is one that "significantly limits" a claimant's "physical or mental ability to do basic work activities." 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(c). An ALJ must consider all of the evidence at step two to determine whether a medically determinable impairment significantly limits the claimant's ability to perform basic work activities. Id. § 404.1520(a); Yuckert, 482 U.S. at 145. "An impairment or combination of impairments may be found not severe only if the evidence establishes a slight abnormality that has no more than a minimal effect on an individual's ability to work.'" Webb v. Barnhart, 433 F.3d 683, 686-87 (9th Cir. 2005) (quoting Social Security Ruling ("SSR") 96-3p (1996)). Step two is "a de minimis screening device [used] to dispose of groundless claims" and the ALJ's finding must be "clearly established by medical evidence." Id. at 687 (citations and quotation marks omitted and modification in original).
At step two the ALJ found that plaintiff's severe impairments included hypertension, obesity, and hepatitis C. AR 20. The ALJ noted that the record also indicated that plaintiff had a history of intracerebral hemorrhage, but found that this impairment was not severe. Id. Specifically, the ALJ found that the impairment was resolved within a few months and it therefore did not meet the durational requirement.[2] Id ; see 20 C.F.R. § 404.1509 ("Unless your impairment is expected to result in death, it must have lasted or must be expected to last for a continuous period of at least 12 months. We call this the duration requirement.").
As for the intracerebral hemorrhage, plaintiff suffered a stroke on June 6, 2009, and was admitted to the hospital. AR 259. An MRI showed a right posterior parietal intracerebral hemorrhage. Id. However, at the time of discharge plaintiff was ambulating at baseline and had full range of motion with full bilateral strength. Id. As observed by the ALJ, treatment notes from August 2009 showed that plaintiff was asymptomatic, a review of symptoms was negative, he had no neurological deficits, and no deficits from the stroke. Id. at 355-360.
Defendant contends that "[t]he evidence strongly suggests that the intra-cranial hemorrhage was a consequence of the claimant's long standing hypertensive disease...." ECF No. 15 at 7 (emphasis in original). While this may be true, it is not determinative. The cause of a particular impairment is not the issue at step-two. Rather, the inquiry is whether an impairment has more than a minimal effect on the plaintiff's ability to work. See Webb v. Barnhart, 433 F.3d at 686-87. There is no dispute that plaintiff's hypertension met the durational requirement and that the ALJ considered it further in the subsequent steps of the analysis. Indeed, the ALJ found that it was a severe impairment. AR 20, 22-23. However, the fact that plaintiff's hypertension may have more than a minimal effect on plaintiff's ability to work does not necessary mean the same is true for plaintiff's intracranial hemorrhage.
Plaintiff contends, however, that there is evidence that he had residual symptoms from his stroke that lasted more than 12 months. ECF No. 15 at 7. Plaintiff relies on two separate treatment notes to support this position; a June 28, 2008 treatment note which reflects that he experienced fatigue, AR 343; and a July 21, 2011 note that that plaintiff reported experiencing "right periodical headache and right neck pain similar to when it gets hot and when he had a hemorrhage CVA 2 years ago..., " id. at 479. These treatment notes only show that plaintiff experienced fatigue in 2010, and periodic headaches and neck pain in 2011. While plaintiff may have described these symptoms as similar to those he experienced when he suffered a stroke, there simply is no indication that these impairments were residual symptoms from his stroke. Indeed, the July 21, 2011 treatment note described the degree of severity as mild, and the duration as "lasting today." Id. at 479.
In his reply, plaintiff argues that his testimony at the hearing demonstrates that he continued to experience symptoms from his intracranial hemorrhage. ECF No. 17 at 1-4. However, as explained in greater detail below, the ALJ discredited that testimony.
The medical records discussed by the ALJ indicate that plaintiff's hemorrhage was resolved within a few months and did not impose any lasting limitations. Accordingly, the ALJ's finding that this impairment was not severe is supported by substantial evidence.
B. The ALJ Did Not Err in Weighing the Medical Opinions
Plaintiff next argues that the ALJ erred in weighing the medical opinion evidence of record. Specifically, plaintiff contends that the ALJ erred in adopting the medical opinions of non-examining physicians over opinions from plaintiff's treating physicians. ECF No. 14 at 8-11.
To evaluate whether an ALJ properly rejected a medical opinion, in addition to considering its source, the court considers whether (1) contradictory opinions are in the record; and (2) clinical findings support the opinions. The weight given to medical opinions depends in part on whether they are proffered by treating, examining, or non-examining professionals. Lester v. Chater, 81 F.3d 821, 834 (9th Cir. 1996). Ordinarily, more weight is given to the opinion of a treating professional, who has a greater opportunity to know and observe the patient as an individual. Id. ; Smolen v. Chater, 80 F.3d 1273, 1295 (9th Cir. 1996). An ALJ may reject an uncontradicted opinion of a treating or examining medical professional only for "clear and convincing" reasons. Lester, 81 F.3d at 831. In contrast, a contradicted opinion of a treating or examining professional may be rejected for "specific and legitimate" reasons that are supported by substantial evidence. Id. at 830. While a treating professional's opinion generally is accorded superior weight, if it is contradicted by a supported examining professional's opinion ( e.g., supported by different independent clinical findings), the ALJ may resolve the conflict. Andrews v. Shalala, 53 F.3d 1035, 1041 (9th Cir. 1995) (citing Magallanes v. Bowen, 881 F.2d 747, 751 (9th Cir. 1989)). However, "[w]hen an examining physician relies on the same clinical findings as a treating physician, but differs only in his or her conclusions, the conclusions of the examining physician are not substantial evidence.'" Orn v. Astrue, 495 F.3d 625, 632 (9th Cir. 2007).
The ALJ found that plaintiff retained the ability to perform less than the full range of light work. AR 21. In making this determination, the ALJ gave reduced weight to the opinions of Drs. Maus and Al Samman, plaintiff's treating physicians, while giving great weight to the opinions from state agency non-examining physicians.
Dr. Maus first saw plaintiff on October 20, 2009. AR 528. On December 7, 2010, he opined that plaintiff was totally disabled from the date of his first visit to present due to chronic persistent fatigue caused by his Hepatitis C. Id. He further opined that plaintiff was expected to remain disabled for the following year. Id.
Plaintiff also received treatment from Dr. Mouzer Al Samman. Dr. Al Samman first evaluated plaintiff on September 18, 2009, for a colon cancer screening. Colonoscopy revealed hemorrhoids and polyps, which were removed. AR 512-13. Dr. Al Samman did not see plaintiff again until May 18, 2011. At that time plaintiff appeared healthy, was doing well with mild fatigue, and his hypertension was stable. Id. at 507-508. On August 17, 2011, Dr. Al Samman completed a medical source statement in which he stated that plaintiff could only work 2 hours a day. Id. at 535. He further opined that plaintiff could occasionally lift up to 60 pounds; occasionally balance, stoop, kneel, crouch, crawl, and reach, but never climb; stand/walk for no more than two hours at a time; and sit for no more than 2 hours at one time. Id. at 535-537. He further opined that plaintiff may require frequent rest breaks, and that his medications may cause dizziness, balance impairments, or drowsiness. Id. at 536.
On September 10, 2011, Dr. Al Samman completed a second assessment of plaintiff's functional capacity. Id. at 542-545. He opined that plaintiff could sit for 5 hours in an 8-hour workday, but only for 45 minutes at one time; stand/walk for less than 2 hours in 8-hour work day, but only for 45 minutes at one time; and would require 4 unscheduled breaks throughout the day, each lasting 20 minutes. Id. at 543-543. He further opined that plaintiff could lift 10 pounds frequently, 20 pounds occasionally, and 50 pounds rarely; could rarely twist, stoop, crouch, and climb stairs, but never climb ladders. Id. at 544.
The record also contains a Physical Residual Functional Capacity Assessment completed by Dr. Tambellini, a non-examining physician. Id. at 372-76. Dr. Tambellini opined that plaintiff could lift 20 pounds occasionally and 10 pounds frequently; stand and walk for 6 hours in an 8-hour workday; sit for 6 hours in an 8-hour workday; and push and pull without limitation. Id. at 373. It was also his opinion that plaintiff could occasionally climb, kneel, crouch, and crawl, and frequently balance and stoop. Id. at 374. On August 6, 2010, non-examining physician Dr. Jorgensen opined that plaintiff was capable of performing light work. Id. at 393. This opinion was subsequently affirmed by Drs. A. Lizarraras and Norman Zukowsky. Id. at 423-424.
In giving limited weight to Dr. Maus' opinion, the ALJ observed that Dr. Maus' conclusion that plaintiff was totally disabled addressed the ultimate issue of disability which is an issue reserved for the Commissioner. Id. at 23. The ALJ further commented that, "Missing from Dr. Maus's notation is any discussion with respect to clinical findings and rationale for the disability finding based on claimant's state 1 hepatitis." Id.
"Although a treating physician's opinion is generally afforded the greatest weight in disability cases, it is not binding on an ALJ with respect to the existence of an impairment or the ultimate determination of disability." Tonapetyan v. Halter, 242 F.3d 1144, 1149 (9th Cir. 2001) see also 20 C.F.R. § 404.1527(d)(1) ("A statement by a medical source that you are disabled' or unable to work' does not mean that we will determine that you are disabled."). "Further, an ALJ may discredit treating physicians' opinions that are conclusory, brief, and unsupported by the record... or by objective medical findings." Batson v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 359 F.3d 1190, 1195 (9th Cir. 2004). Dr. Maus provided only his conclusory opinion that plaintiff was disabled, without providing any underlying rationale for that conclusion and the ALJ properly rejected it.
Plaintiff, however, makes the unexplained argument that "the opinion of Dr. Mark Maus that the plaintiff had Hepatitis C is not controverted by the statement of any doctor who examined the plaintiff, or who reviewed the medical records of the plaintiff." ECF No. 15 at 11 (emphasis in original). The relevance of this argument is not apparent. First, Dr. Maus's diagnosis alone is not sufficient to supporting a finding that plaintiff is disabled. See Matthews v. Shalala, 10 F.3d 678, 680 (9th Cir. 1993) ("The mere existence of an impairment is insufficient proof of a disability."). Furthermore, the ALJ did not disagree with Dr. Maus's diagnosis of hepatitis C. Indeed, the ALJ specifically found that plaintiff's hepatitis C was a severe impairment. AR 20. Thus, the mere fact it is undisputed that plaintiff has Hepatitis C does not undermine the ALJ's decision to give reduced weight to Dr. Maus's opinion as to the ultimate conclusion of disability.
As for Dr. Al Samman's opinion, the ALJ found that it was "completely incongruent with his own scant contemporaneous treatment records that pertain to [sic] solely to a colon screening prior to the date last insured and apparent successful treatment given the lack of treatment for two years thereafter." AR 24. The ALJ further stated that Dr. Samman's opinion that plaintiff could not sit, stand, and walk for greater than two hours lacked any support from the record, including his own treatment records. Id.
An ALJ may reject a treating physician's opinion that is unsupported by rationale, treatment notes, or objective findings. Tonapetyan, 242 F.3d at 1149. Under this standard the record supports the ALJ's finding. Plaintiff was seen by Dr. Al Samman on September 18, 2009, for a colon screen. AR 512. Treatment notes from that visit indicate that plaintiff appeared healthy, was not in any distress, and had a normal gate. Id. at 512-513. Plaintiff was seen again by Dr. Al Samman on May 18, 2011, nearly two years later, for a hepatitis C consultation. AR 507-508. Notes from that consultation reflect that plaintiff had a normal gait, appeared healthy and "appear[ed] to be doing well with mild fatigue." Id. at 507-508. These treatment notes do not support the extent of the limitations assessed by Dr. Al Samman, and Dr. Al Samman failed to identify any objective findings to support his opinion that plaintiff could not stand/walk or sit for more than 2 hours in an 8-hour workday, but for no more than 45 minutes at one time. See Rollins v. Massanari, 261 F.3d 853, 856 (9th Cir. 2001) (finding that the ALJ properly rejected a treating physician's opinion that was extreme in light of the findings made by the doctor).
Plaintiff contends, however, that the lack of objective findings contained in Dr. Al Samman's treatment notes is insufficient because there is evidence in the record indicating that plaintiff's medical chart was sent to Dr. Al Samman. ECF No. 17 at 6; see AR 518. The fact that Dr. Al Samman had other medical records at his disposal does not alter the fact that his opinion is completely unsupported by his own treatment notes. Furthermore, there is no indication that Dr. Al Samman relied on medical records created by other physician's in forming his medical opinion.
Lastly, plaintiff argues that the opinions from state agency physicians, which included Drs. Tambellini, Lizarraras, and Zukowsky, did not constitute sufficient evidence justifying the rejection of the opinions from Dr. Maus and Dr. Al Samman. ECF No. 15 at 16-17. If taken alone, that is true. "The opinion of a nonexamining physician cannot by itself constitute substantial evidence that justifies the rejection of the opinion of either an examining physician or a treating physician." Lester, 81 F.3d at 831 (emphasis in original). Here, however, the ALJ did not reject Dr. Maus and Dr. Al Samman's opinions simply because they were inconsistent with the opinions from these non-examining physicians. As just explained, the ALJ rejected the treating opinions because they either went to the ultimate issue of disability or were inconsistent with the physicians' own treatment notes. As discussed, these reasons constitute specific and legitimate reasons for discounting the opinions of Drs. Maus and Al Samman. Accordingly, the ALJ did not err in weighing the medical opinions of record.
C. The ALJ Provided Legally Sufficient Reasons for Discrediting Plaintiff's Testimony
Plaintiff also argues that the ALJ erred in finding that plaintiff's testimony was not credible. ECF No. 15 at 14-16. In evaluating whether subjective complaints are credible, the ALJ should first consider objective medical evidence and then consider other factors. Bunnell v. Sullivan, 947 F.2d 341, 344 (9th Cir. 1991) (en banc). If there is objective medical evidence of impairment, the ALJ then may consider the nature of the symptoms alleged, including aggravating factors, medication, treatment and functional restrictions. See id. at 345-47. The ALJ also may consider: (1) the applicant's reputation for truthfulness, prior inconsistent statements or other inconsistent testimony, (2) unexplained or inadequately explained failure to seek treatment or to follow a prescribed course of treatment, and (3) the applicant's daily activities. Smolen v. Chater, 80 F.3d 1273, 1284 (9th Cir. 1996). Work records, physician and third party testimony about nature, severity and effect of symptoms, and inconsistencies between testimony and conduct also may be relevant. Light v. Soc. Sec. Admin., 119 F.3d 789, 792 (9th Cir. 1997). A failure to seek treatment for an allegedly debilitating medical problem may be a valid consideration by the ALJ in determining whether the alleged associated pain is not a significant, nonexertional impairment. See Flaten v. Secretary of HHS, 44 F.3d 1453, 1464 (9th Cir. 1995). The ALJ may rely, in part, on his or her own observations, see Quang Van Han v. Bowen, 882 F.2d 1453, 1458 (9th Cir. 1989), which cannot substitute for medical diagnosis. Marcia v. Sullivan, 900 F.2d 172, 177 n. 6 (9th Cir. 1990). "Without affirmative evidence showing that the claimant is malingering, the Commissioner's reasons for rejecting the claimant's testimony must be clear and convincing." Morgan v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 169 F.3d 595, 599 (9th Cir. 1999).
Plaintiff alleges disability due to fatigue, lack of concentration, dizziness, headaches, hepatitis C, hypertension, and history of stroke. AR 167. He testified that he spends most of his time at home doing very little activity. Id. 50. He spends a lot of time laying on his back and napping. Id. He testified that he goes for walks and that he is able to make himself a sandwich. Id. at 52. He also reported getting fatigued after performing tasks for a short period of time. Id. at 205.
The ALJ found plaintiff's testimony regarding his limitations was not credible. In doing so, the ALJ focused on the minimal medical evidence prior to plaintiff's date last insured and the medical evidence that, contrary to plaintiff's testimony, he has not been compliant with taking his prescribed hypertensive medications. AR 24. The ALJ's findings are supported by the record.
As observed by the ALJ, the record contains only limited medical evidence that predated December 31, 2009, plaintiff's date last insured. Cf. Armstrong v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 160 F.3d 587, 589 (9th Cir. 1998) ("In order to obtain disability benefits, [a claimant] must demonstrate that he was disabled prior to his last insured date."). While an ALJ may not rely solely on a lack of objective medical evidence to support an adverse credibility finding, it is a relevant consideration in assessing credibility. See Moisa v. Barnhart, 367 F.3d 882, 885 (9th Cir. 2004). Plaintiff's date last insured was December 31, 2009. AR 20. The record shows that plaintiff suffered his stroke in June 2009, but was asymptomatic within a few months. AR 355-360. While there were some follow-up visits concerning plaintiff's stroke and hypertension, the vast majority of the medical evidence in the record pertains to treatment provided after 2009. See AR 345-350, 369-370, 400-433, 476-508, 515-564. Furthermore, while plaintiff alleges various functional limitations due to his hepatitis, the records shows that this diagnosis was not confirmed until April 2010, after his date last insured. Id. at 369. Thus, the ALJ properly considered the lack of medical evidence during the relevant time period in assessing plaintiff's credibility as to his limitations.
The ALJ also discredited plaintiff's subjective complaints based on evidence that he was not compliant in taking his hypertension medication. AR 24; see Molina v. Astrue, 674 F.3d 1104, 1113-1114 (9th Cir. 2012) ("We have long held that, in assessing a claimant's credibility, the ALJ may properly rely on unexplained or inadequately explained failure... to follow a prescribed course of treatment"). The record shows that plaintiff was diagnosed with hypertension in September 2005 and prescribed medication, diet, and exercise. AR 450. Medical records from December 22, 2006, reflect that plaintiff had been previously prescribed medication for his hypertension, but he had ceased taking his medicine. Id. at 441. On June 9, 2010, plaintiff was admitted to the hospital. AR 259. In addition to being diagnosed with hypertensive crisis, it was noted that he had "uncontrolled hypertension, previously on no medication." Id. Two months later, plaintiff was asymptomatic, his blood pressure was 128/88, and he was "doing well on his meds." Id. at 357. In January 2011, plaintiff's blood pressure was 136/88, and compliant with medication. Id. at 495. However, in March 2011, plaintiff presented with increased blood pressure after he had been out of medication for a week. Id. at 489. Records from September 2011 showed that plaintiff's blood pressure had improved since the previous visit. Id. at 551.
Without citation to the record, plaintiff argues that "[a] fair review of the medical evidence indicates that the claimant was compliant when he had medical insurance and/or the funds to purchase his medication."[3] ECF No. 15 at 15. His reply brief explains that he testified at the hearing that he did not have insurance from 2007 through 2009. ECF No. 17 at 7. But his testimony regarding lack of insurance does not explain his noncompliance with his hypertension medication. The record shows that plaintiff was noncompliant in taking his medication in December 2006, id. at 441, and in March 2011, id. at 489, at times that he had insurance. Plaintiff testified he had been regularly taking his hypertension medication since 2004, but he had a lapse in insurance from 2007 to 2009. Although his insurance lapsed in 2007, he stated that he was prescribed a 6 month supply of medication, so he was able to regularly take his hypertension medication up until 2008. Id. at 46-47.
Not only did plaintiff's testimony fail to explain his failure to comply with his medication, it further supported the ALJ credibility determination. The ALJ found plaintiff's credibility weakened based on inconsistencies between his statements regarding medication compliance and the medical record. Id. at 25. He testified to regularly taking his medication until 2008, but treatment records show that he was noncompliant in December 2006, id. at 441, an inconsistency which further supports the ALJ's credibility determination. See Verduzco v. Apfel, 188 F.3d 1087, 1090 (9th Cir. 1999) (finding that the ALJ properly discounted plaintiff testimony where it was inconsistent "with the medical evidence.... Thus the ALJ discounted the [plaintiff's] testimony because he found it to be unbelievable in general.").
For these reasons the ALJ provided several clear and convincing reasons, supported by substantial evidence, for finding that plaintiff was not credible.
D. The ALJ Provided Legally Sufficient Reasons for Rejecting Olesya Ferrell's Testimony
Plaintiff next argues that the ALJ erred by failing to provide legally sufficient reasons for rejecting his wife's testimony. ECF No. 15 at 9. "Lay testimony as to a claimant's symptoms is competent evidence that an ALJ must take into account, unless he or she expressly determines to disregard such testimony and gives reasons germane to each witness for doing so." Lewis v. Apfel, 236 F.3d 503, 511 (9th Cir. 2001). An ALJ must consider this testimony in determining whether a claimant can work. Stout v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 454 F.3d 1050, 1053 (9th Cir. 2006); see also 20 C.F.R. § 416.913(d)(4); Smolen, 80 F.3d at 1288. However, in doing so the ALJ is free to evaluate that testimony and determine the appropriate weight it should be given in the light of the other evidence. To discount the testimony of a lay witness, the ALJ must "give reasons that are germane to each witness." Id. at 1053; see also Valentine v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 574 F.3d 685, 694 (9th Cir. 2009).
Plaintiff's wife, Olesya Ferrell, completed a third-party functional report. AR 195-201. She stated that plaintiff is able to get ready in the morning, drive her to work, go for walks outside, and help take care of their 5-month old child. Id. at 195-196. She further stated that he gets dressed slow, but showers fast, and needs breaks while getting ready. Id. at 197. She also stated that he doesn't do house work because he gets too tired, that he has to take naps, and that he can only walk a couple blocks without needing to rest. Id. at 198, 200.
The ALJ gave some weight to Ms. Ferrell's statement. Id. at 22. However, he gave no weight to her testimony that plaintiff could do virtually nothing, and needed to lay down most of the day because it was "not supported." Id. The ALJ did not specifically explain how Ms. Ferrell's statements regarding plaintiff need to lay down and rest through the day were unsupported. However, her statements appear to only reiterate and depend upon plaintiff's statements regarding his fatigue, which the ALJ found not credible. As the ALJ gave clear and convincing reasons for rejecting such complaints, the ALJ did not error in rejecting similar testimony from Ms. Ferrell. S ee Valentine, 574 F.3d at 694 ("In light of our conclusion that the ALJ provided clear and convincing reasons for rejecting [plaintiff's] own subjective complaints, and because [lay witness's] testimony was similar to such complaints, it follows that the ALJ also gave germane reasons for rejecting her testimony.").
E. The ALJ Did Not Err in Questing the VE
Plaintiff contends that that the ALJ erred by posing hypothetical questions to the VE that did not include all of his functional limitations. ECF No. 15 at 17-16. This argument is based on plaintiff's contention that the ALJ's RFC assessment did not include his treating physicians' opinions as well has his subjective complaints. As explained above, the ALJ did not err in rejecting this evidence. Accordingly, the ALJ was not required to pose a hypothetical that included limitations premised on opinions the ALJ specifically rejected.
The ALJ applied the proper legal standard and his decision was supported by substantial evidence. Therefore, it is hereby ORDERED that:
1. Plaintiff's motion for summary judgment is denied;
2. The Commissioner's cross-motion for summary judgment is granted; and
3. The Clerk is directed to enter judgment in the Commissioner's favor.
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What risks are involved with Sculpsure? Does it provide any amount of skin tightening and should areas with scars be avoided?
Doctor Answers 14
Sculpsure... risks, skin tightening and scars.
Very good questions
The risk are minimal if following the proper recommendations by the company. Skin tightening has not been demonstrated because the treatment is aimed to the fat not the skin. there are some isolated reports revealing improvement.
Scar tissue may gather more heat making the treatment more painful.
Wishing you the best in your journey
Web reference: http://www.renova-plasticsurgery.com/sculpsure-non-invasive-fat-reduction2/
Risks for Sculpsure
While heating the skin can cause some tightening, Scuplsure also cools with the applicator. No studies have been performed to show whether Sculpsure works to tighten the skin because it is so new, but skin tightening at this point and with the way that the machine works will be minimal. So if you have a lot of skin laxity you will have to use something else like Thermi which seems to be very effective for tightening skin.
Sculpsure is not recommended on scars at this time because the lack of data, but if you have scars then there is likely less fat under the scar than under the surrounding tissues. The applicators can be simply adjusted to be around the scar so that it is not affected or involved during the treatment.
Web reference: http://www.newreflectionsps.com/procedures/non-invasive/patel-sculpsure-non-invasive-body-contouring/
Sculpsure, Coolsculpting, Vanquish, Thermi
The body contouring effects are seen in as quick as six weeks with final results at 12 weeks.
The results are permanent as long as you maintain your weight and health.
The laser targets and destroys the fat cells only which are then naturally removed from the body. Since the laser does not affect the skin or muscle it can be used on all skin colors and there has been no reported incidents of burns when treated by a properly trained physician. It is protective since it alternates heating and cooling.
It has four applicators that can be customized to treat the areas of stubborn fat.
If a second treatment is needed we wait at least six weeks and usually closer to 12.
There is no downtime and you can resume your normal activities right after the treatment. There may be some soreness in the area for a few days for which you can take ibuprofen or tylenol. A cold compress can also be used.
Sculpsure is not used for skin tightening however some of her patients have seen this. If more skin tightening is needed we have combined this with thermi or Ulthera for a complete treatment. Sculpsure is recommended for stubborn areas of fat that are not being lost by diet and exercise. It is not a weight loss treatment
Since I have both a coolsculpting and sculpsure I am working on protocols of utilizing both of these depending upon what areas need to be treated and the response to the treatment.
I have used sculpsure on other areas other than the abdomen with very good results.
I also use a Vectra 3D imaging system to try and show people what their treatment areas could look like.
Since Sculpsure outcomes can be based on technique and experience, please see a board certified plastic surgeon that specializes body contouring to see if Sculpsure or other treatments are available to meet your goals.
Take care,
Dr Schwartz
Board Certified Plastic Surgeon
Director-Beverly Hills Breast and Body Institute
Web reference: http://www.beverlyhillsbodyinstitute.com/non-surgical-procedures-beverly-hills/sculpsure/
You might also like...
SculpSure is extremely safe!
It is approved for abdomen and flanks, but actually can be used on any area of the body! There is a 25% reduction in fat, on average, and can be repeated a second time if needed. It takes around 6-8 weeks to see the final result. It is not FDA approved for skin tightening, but we have noticed the heat from the laser is tightening the skin on some patients.
This is 21st century technology, I believe it will replace CoolSculpting, the ICE AGE is over, the HEAT IS ON!
Does it provide any amount of skin tightening and should areas with scars be avoided?
I have had the procedure performed two weeks ago without any risks. The only common side effect is mild soreness after the procedure. Sculpsure does not advertise that the laser tightens the skin. The heat provided is not enough to tighten the skin, on the other hand the Smart-lipo does offer some skin tightening. Scar areas can have the applicators applied to it, but might need to use lower energy because it might have decreased sensation in that area.
Thank you
SculpSure is Safe
Web reference: http://www.drchapin.com/plastic-surgery-philadelphia/body-procedures/sculpsure/
SculpSure is a very safe procedure
Scared areas can be treated- the special cooling plates or applicators protect the underlying skin, including your scars. Additionally, if you experience pain in the areas of scars, the energy level of that particular applicator can be reduced!
All the best,
Dr Davin Lim
Laser and aesthetic dermatologist
Fiori Institute
Brisbane, Australia.
SculpSure and Scars
Non-invasive SculpSure
SculpSure over Scars, SculpSure for skin tightening
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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United States District Court, N.D. New York
April 14, 2014
SUZANA GONCALVES o/b/o C.A., Plaintiff,v.CAROLYN W. COLVIN, Acting Commissioner of Social Security, [1] Defendant.
GARY L. SHARPE, Chief District Judge.
On January 24, 2013, the parties stipulated to remand pursuant to sentence four of 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). (Dkt. No. 15.) Consistent with that stipulation, the court ordered remand. (Dkt. No. 16.) Not long after, plaintiff Suzana Goncalves, [2] on behalf of C.A., filed the instant motion for attorney's fees and costs, pursuant to the Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA), [3] in the amount of $8, 091.70, made payable directly to her attorney. (Dkt. No. 18.) The Commissioner concedes that Goncalves is entitled to fees and costs, but contends that the number of hours purportedly expended-42.7-is excessive and should be reduced. (Dkt. No. 19 at 2-6.)
In particular, the Commissioner contends that a reduction in Goncalves' fee request is warranted because, among other reasons: (1) the administrative record contained "fewer than [sixty] pages of relevant medical and educational records"; (2) counsel, who also represented Goncalves at the administrative level, was already familiar with the underlying record; (3) "this case did not present any particularly complex, novel, or unusual legal, factual, or procedural issues"; (4) counsel for Goncalves has "extensive experience litigating social security disability cases"; (5) clerical tasks were "lumped in" with attorney services; and (6) the motion seeking fees "is largely boilerplate [and] can be copied and pasted from prior motions." ( Id. )[4] The court agrees that a reduction is warranted.
The EAJA provides that "a court shall award to a prevailing party... fees and other expenses... incurred by that party in any civil action... unless the court finds that the position of the United States was substantially justified or that special circumstances make an award unjust." 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(A). Specifically, the EAJA allows for "reasonable attorney fees."[5] Id. § 2412(d)(2)(A). "The most useful starting point for determining the amount of a reasonable fee is the number of hours reasonably expended on the litigation multiplied by a reasonable hourly rate." Manning v. Astrue, No. 5:09-CV-88, 2011 WL 6842617, at *2 (N.D.N.Y. Dec. 29, 2011) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). While a court retains discretion as to whether the amount of time expended by an attorney is reasonable, "[d]istrict courts in the Second Circuit have held that, on average, an attorney spends twenty to forty hours on routine social security cases." Coughlin v. Astrue, No. 06-CV-0497, 2009 WL 3165744, at *2 (N.D.N.Y. Sept. 28, 2009).
Here, Goncalves seeks a total of $8, 091.70, which is comprised of $8, 022.05 in attorney's fees, $56 in administrative fees, and $13.65 in costs. (Dkt. No. 18 at 1.) The calculation of attorney's fees is based on a total of 42.7 hours worked at a rate of $187.87. ( Id. )[6] For the reasons offered by the Commissioner, which are set forth in detail above, the generally accepted twenty-to-forty hour range appears sufficient, and the number of hours for which Goncalves is entitled to receive attorney's fees is reduced to forty. Accordingly, Goncalves is entitled to a total award of $7, 584.45, which is comprised of $56 in administrative fees, $13.65 in costs, and $7, 514.80 in attorney's fees.
Goncalves assigned her interest in attorney's fees and costs, and requests that they be paid directly to her attorney. (Dkt. No. 18, Attach. 2 ¶ 5.) "The fact that the [EAJA] awards to the prevailing party fees in which her attorney may have a beneficial interest or a contractual right does not, " however, "establish that the statute awards' the fees directly to the attorney." Astrue v. Ratliff, 560 U.S. 586, 593 (2010). Instead, the EAJA "awards' the fees to the litigant, and thus subjects them to a federal administrative offset if the litigant has outstanding federal debts." Id. Accordingly, consistent with the application of Ratliff within this Circuit, "the name on the check must be plaintiff's and not her attorney's.'" Manning, 2011 WL 6842617, at *2 (quoting Scott v. Astrue, No. 08-CV-910A, 2011 WL 32544, at *3 (W.D.N.Y. Jan. 5, 2011)).
WHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, it is hereby
ORDERED that the Clerk is directed to substitute Carolyn W. Colvin, Acting Commissioner of Social Security, for defendant Michael J. Astrue, and amend the caption accordingly; and it is further
ORDERED that Goncalves' motion for attorney's fees and costs (Dkt. No. 18) is GRANTED, but the award is reduced to $7, 584.45, which is comprised of $56 in administrative fees, $13.65 in costs, and $7, 514.80 in attorney's fees; and it is further
ORDERED that the award be made payable directly to Goncalves, not her attorney; and it is further
ORDERED that the Clerk provide a copy of this Summary Order to the parties.
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2.0 / June 12, 2015
App Information City Swat Fighter
- App NameCity Swat Fighter
- Package Namecom.city.swat.fighter
- UpdatedJune 12, 2015
- File Size25M
- Requires AndroidAndroid 2.3 and up
- Version2.0
- DeveloperTechnology Lancers
- Installs50 - 100
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- CategoryAction
- DeveloperVisit website Email firstname.lastname@example.com/4, Raj Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttarpradesh, India
- Google Play Link
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FPS fans, the moment you have been waiting forhas finally arrived! Highly addictive multiplayer CriticalMissions: SWAT is overall just plain amazing.Critical Missions: SWAT delivers the nostalgic fast paced FPSgaming experience on your Android devices. Enjoy the smooth andcustomizable touch controls and play the cross-platformfirst-person shooter against other players on the web and on othermobile platforms.WHAT'S NEW?- New controls- New User Interface- New Characters & GunsCRITICAL MISSIONS: SWAT KEY FEATURES- Cross-platform 3D First-Person Shooter MMO: beat PC/Mac playersand players from other mobile platforms- Multiplayer Mode: Local network and Servers Globally (USA, Europeand Asia)- Single Player Mode: Player vs. Customizable Bots (Terrorists,Zombies)- Smooth and Responsive Customizable Touch Controls (--> Gamemenu - Settings - User Interface - Edit HUD)- Six Game Types: Classic, Team Death Match (TDM), Zombie Mode,Zombie Match, Survival, Death Match, Juggernaut and Capture TheFlag (CTF)- Customizable settings: player HP, player speed, zombiedifficulty, etc.- Dozens of pre-installed and downloadable unique mapsWEAPONSKnife, Pistol (Desert Eagle), Assault Rifles (AK-47 / M4A1), SniperRifle (AWP), Shotgun XM1014, Grenades (Grenade, Flash Grenade) +more to come!GAME MODES★CLASSIC - You are split up into two teams. Death is permanentuntil the next round starts. There are three ways to win: 1) Theuniversal victory. The first team to annihilate all enemies wins,2) SWAT team only. Rescue all hostages by gathering them to thesafe zone, 3) Terrorists only. Plant the bomb and wait for it toexplode. Even if everyone on your side dies, as long as the bomb isactive, you can still win.★TEAM DEATH MATCH (TDM) - You are split up into two teams. Death isNOT permanent. There is no winning situation, just a scoreboard.This mode is for the casual players who just want to get intoaction and fight.★ZOMBIE MODE - A random player will be selected to become a zombiewho infects others. That initial zombie will start off with 2000 HPand regenerates HP rapidly for a short amount of time in order forit to infect someone. Once a person becomes infected, he/she isinstantly turned into a zombie and will have to infect others inorder to win. The objective of the humans is to eliminate allzombies.★ZOMBIE MATCH - This mode is like Team Death Match. However,zombies are added to both teams. They will aid you in fight.★SURVIVAL - Every player that enters to game is automatically aSWAT team member. The objective is to survive as long as you canwhile zombies, NPC terrorists, and/or kamikazes attack you waveafter wave.★DEATH MATCH - Every player who enters the game is going to fightagainst each other. There are no teams whatsoever.★JUGGERNAUT - At the beginning, the host will be selected to becomethe first juggernaut. Juggernauts can have extra health and speed.Everybody else must try to kill the Juggernaut; the player thatultimately kills the Juggernaut becomes the new Juggernaut.★CAPTURE THE FLAG - Two teams each have a flag and the objective isto capture the other team's flag.★★★★★CRITICAL MISSIONS: SWAT SUPPORT FORUMShttp://critical-missions.com/support/FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/CriticalMissionsTWITTER: https://twitter.com/CriticMissions
SWAT vs. Aliens VR Cardboard 1.2 APK
SWAT vs. Aliens throws you into battle againstthe oncoming hordes of alien walkers!Survive as long as possible as wave after wave of aliens show nowmercy.(For Google Cardboard)Features:**Use a BT gamepad to shoot**** Exploding Aliens****Intense gun battle game play****Atmospheric environmental sound FX****Gun and alien sound FX are very realistic****Auto armor regeneration (you will need it!)****High end 3D animation and FX****Calibrate for drift or shaking: Simply leave the phone lying on atable for about 20 seconds.**Next version of this game will include new weapons systems and morealiens.Stay tuned!Visual immersion experience designed for 3D/VR viewers:Google Cardboard*, DODOcase, Durovis Dive, Refugio3D, vrAse, 3Deva,VReyeGO, GameFace, Homido, etc.* You can build Google Cardboard for cheap! http://g.co/cardboardHave Fun! ;-)TIPS:Increase Screen Brightness to 100Disable Power Saving modeClose all other appsWear Headphones(Help Translate! https://corvusvr.oneskyapp.com/collaboration)
Heroes of SWAT 1.2 APK
Hold on--this isn't just another cops vscriminals game! Step into the shoes of a SWAT soldier and take partin the large network of protecting your NATION. Wiping outterrorism is no light work. Take advantage of this accurate andgraphic simulation to come vis a vis with a terrorist. Do you havewhat it takes to serve your country?Heroes of SWAT is the latest first-person shooter game in abrutal 3D environment made rugged and incendiary by yourenemies.You are on a mission to flare away the gangs pervading thecity. Utilize realistic equipment: choose your best gun, andprotect yourself with bulletproof armor and handy emergencykits.Heroes of SWAT 3D Features:•Awesome 3D Graphics and City Environment.•Smooth, easy and Addictive game play.•Complex situations, hijacked buildings, heavy firing and bombdiffusing.•Rescue civilians to safety•Number of weapons to choose from including UMP, MP5 etc•Unique weapons Upgrade feature•Terrorist location map with 20 thrilling and realisticmissionsBuckle up for a fast pace battle between you and terrorism!About TapinatorTapinator (Ticker: TAPM) designs, develops, and publishes games onmobile platforms. The Company's portfolio includes over 150 mobilegaming titles that, collectively, have achieved over 135 milliondownloads. Tapinator is headquartered in New York. For more info,visit Tapinator.com.
SWAT Sniper Shooting 1.5 APK
SWAT Sniper Shooting is the best fps shootinggame. SWAT Sniper Shooting is a military action game that takesbeing far-sighted to a new level. Are you accurate enough to scopeyour enemies from across the map?Mission:You need to move fast and don't give your enemies time to shoot youbecause your life will drop and you will lose the battle when youdie. Shooting more enemies means more chances to survive into thearmy mission. Yes, that is the task: to be able to shoot beforethinking about shooting them.An arrow that is pointing at the enemy head shows the locations andmovements of enemies.Features:- EASY and INTUITIVE controls- Ultra REALISTIC 3D graphics and cool animations- Tons of best WEAPONS- ADDICTING game playHow to Play:1- Touch the screen for look anywhere left, right, up ordown.2- Move forward, backward, left or right with joy stickcontrols.3- Tap Fire button fire.4- Tap and hold run button for running fast5- Detect enemies with the help of arrow pointing top of theenemies head6- Increase your Health by picking the Health box
Counter Swat Strike 1.1.3 APK
Counter Swat Strike (CS Strike) is a moderngun shoot game.It's have good graphics and simple control todelivers the classic shooting game experience on your Androidsmartphone and tablet!Play as a swat striker in power and war who strike your teamfortress brutal armed terrorist commandos. Commando raid enemy willnever let you catch your breath, so start shooting until every oneof them is down!CS Strike is a complete free game and also a offline game . Ofcourse, you are not alone , you can compete with people all aroundthe world on the leaderboard.=How to play=# Simply tap left screen to move and tap the fire button toshoot .# Refill ammunition,request air support , Summon Armor when yougot enough HEADSHOT,SLAUGHTER,SCAVENGER.# Broken air supply before landed.# Kill more enemies to get more cash , so you can buy other moreadvanced guns .=Features=# Various professional modern guns : DesertEagle,SMG.AK47,Rifle...# Several classic battle scene# Diversified helpful items# World wide Leaderboard challengeAre you ready to accept accept the challenge ? Join the CounterSwat Striker to fight.AT LAST , BIG THANKS FOR YOU TO DOWNLOAD !!
Ultimate SWAT(Mobile) 1.0 APK
Getting to the SWAT forces is not easy.You have to undergo a tough, physical and mental training andonlyafter their successful completion, you can become a rightfulmemberof SWAT units.Then, you can only look forward to your first mission.And that is what brings the game Ultimate SWAT.SWAT units are deployed in unstable regions where local armedforcesare trying to control the territory.You will be able to choose, which side of the battle youwilljoin.Weapons can be bought by using a shopping menu. You canchoosebetween rifles, pistols and weapons for close combat.Have fun.
Elite SWAT Killer 1.4 APK
Leave no SWAT force team behind in this actionoriented first person shooter sniper shooting game. Elite SWATKiller is the most realistic and thrilling FPS game. United withother elite SWAT sniper force to infiltrate a mob of evilsyndicates and high-profile targets. Sniper, it's time to load outyour weapons.You are a well-trained elite member of special weapon andtactics team. Arm yourself with machine guns, sniper rifles andother deadly weapons, you will navigate secret missions across theglobe to eliminate terrorists and syndicates that get the way ofworld peace. In this challenging FPS Elite SWAT Killer, we put somenew features such as the laser shooting, zoom in and identifyterrorists and realistic weather condition add the new challengesto complete missions. Hold your breath, pull the trigger and letthe bullets fly!Elite SWAT Killer Features:-action packed sniper shooting game-free FPS gameplay-boasting spectacular graphics and cool animation-breathtaking music and sound effects-realistic weather conditions and new challenges added to yourmissions-complicated situation, hijacked buildings and cross firing-intense battle scene and challenging missions-play as elite SWAT killer to save the worldIt's time to get yourself ready to load out your firearms andget your 5 star FPS fix.
SWAT Police Car Chase 1.1 APK
Welcome to the Crime City. The streets arefilled with criminals. You are a trained Elite SWAT Policeman. Yourmission is to stop the criminals trying to escape the city.Chase the criminals, don't let them escape. This is a battlebetween police and criminals.It's time for justice. Are you ready to arrest all thecriminals?SWAT Police Car Chase Features:✔ Free Police Car Simulator Game✔ Realistic HD Graphics✔ 3D and Realistic Environments✔ Unlock and Upgrade various Police Cars✔ Realistic game play and cool sound✔ Challenge & Share with your friendsControls- Tap your phone/tablet on right to accelerate/brake.- Tap your phone/tablet on left to control the direction.Note: This game may contain In-app purchases and may also containthird-party ads that may redirect you to a third-party site.Thanks for your support and keep playing our games!
SWAT Commando AssaultSWAT commando free 2016 game is a first person action game givingan epic joy and fun combined with heavy weapons and actions.Mission is to kill Gagsters from city and clear the city from badpeople. As a commando mission is to kill all spotted enemies. Inthis commando adventure game, you can use amazing war weapons likePistol, AK45, Sniper and Bow. Use your tactics to get through everyenemy you encounter.As an an elite SWAT officer you are part of this lethal force, swatcommandos take out criminals. Of Course having the best specialweapons and tactics at your disposal this is a full out 3D shootergame. As the anti-terrorism materials show that all these terroristactivities are related to a dark forces.They have quite advancedmilitary weapons in this modern war combat. Stunning game graphicsand smooth game play will take you to real life battle zone. Ifyou've quick reflexes and excellent aiming and shooting skills thenfind your way out of enemy's army place. You are equipped withadvanced weapons assault rifles, machine guns and sniper gun. Usethese guns to become a assassin shooter. Danger is on everyfootstep. Thrilling mission based game with modern combat zones.You should be ready for the brave stand against this army of evilterrorists. In this ; do or die situation, use your commando skillsto combat the armed men & eliminate the resistance withstrength. Aim your target enemy and assassinate with your snipershooting gun or Rapid Fire Rifle. Play as rescue mission as wellfury combat missions. You will be put on the Commandos blacklist tocomplete more difficult and complex missions. You are a silenthit-man and you are never to be seen by enemies otherwise you willfail your mission and could get killed. Navy soldier ready to fightas frontline commando and make a quick death strategy to bloodshedcombat action. Enemies have menace battle strategy with moderncombat explosive material so it's mission impossible.How to Play:* Touch & Drag the screen anywhere to move/rotate your gunleft, right, up or down* Move forward, backward, left or right with joy stickcontrols* Tap Fire button at bottom right to fire any selected weapon* The weapons will reload itself but you can reload using reloadbutton.* For enemy at far distance, use the Telescope for sniper shoot,and stay away from their onslaught.* Detect enemy using the radarFeatures:* Outclass graphics* Fabulous sounds.* Excellent army base environment* 3D environment* First person Shooting* Number of weapons* Sniper scope view
SWAT vs Monster 1.0 APK
Is the best FPS gameFight a lost battle against the monsters before they killyou!!No time to rest!!! As the game progress the tension builds!!Suspenseful and entertaining!!Be S.W.A.T to kill monsters for protecting your city.Aim for the pouring out monsters!!Fight and shoot till you die against never ending monsters!!Features-Collect weapons: Collect around many different types of weapons.Ak47, M4a1, ShotGun, Sniper, RPG... You will feel real graphic andfeeling of shooting.-Experience unique Monsters: Worker zombie, Womwen zombie, beast ,fast zombie, big monster, zombie dog-Challenge healthy mode: You can't clear the healthy mode withoutupgrade. But!! You can challenge it!!-Best Weapons: The best weapon to kill monsters is Sniper.-Spectacle sound effect: Each weapon has different sound effect.Make the game more fun!!-Training best S.W.A.T: You can upgrade strong S.W.A.T withstars.Our More Games :CS, Dot kich, Strike, Strike TerroristSuper Racing
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Modern Combat 5: Blackout 2.2.0i APK
> "It plays as good as it looks." –IGN> "Amps everything up to the next level." – 148Apps> "Sharp controls, impressive graphics." – Pocket GamerWar has evolved, and so has the best FPS on mobile!Step onto the battlefield with the game that raised the bar forfirst-person shooters. Create a squad, add your friends and testyour skills in dynamic multiplayer warfare against online rivalsfrom around the world!Prefer to work alone? Then step into the thrilling solo campaignas you shoot your way through one dire situation after another tosave a world on the brink of anarchy and expose a lunatic'sapocalyptic plans.CHOOSE YOUR FAVORITE CLASS> 7 customizable classes that you can level up across single-and multiplayer> Find the playstyle that suits you: Assault, Heavy, Recon,Sniper, Support, Bounty Hunter or Sapper> Activate class-specific skills by earning and spending SkillPointsHIGH-POWERED MULTIPLAYER> Watch players in battle with the new Spectator mode> Epic team clashes in Squad vs. Squad matches> Talk to other players in Global and Squad Chat> Individual and Squad leaderboards> Win cool rewards in the limited-time eventsUNIFIED GAME PROGRESSION> Accumulate XP and level up by playing both single-playermissions and multiplayer matches> Unlock higher-tier weapons by mastering lower-tier ones> Customize the perfect weapon using a host of attachments andjump straight into the actionINTENSE SOLO CAMPAIGN> Fast-paced story missions with various challenges taking youfrom Tokyo to Venice> Play the new Spec-Ops missions for a real FPS adrenalinerush> Flawless graphics, music and voice performances perfectlyadapted for a shooter gameHIGHLY CUSTOMIZABLE CONTROLS> Intuitive, highly customizable controls so you can play thegame just the way you wantModern Combat 5 supports HID game controllers. Moga Pro is alsosupported, in mode B (HID Mode).Modern Combat 5 requires an Internet connection._____________________________________________Visit our official site at http://www.gameloft.comFollow us on Twitter at http://glft.co/GameloftonTwitter or like uson Facebook at http://facebook.com/Gameloft to get more info aboutall our upcoming titles.Check out our videos and game trailers onhttp://www.youtube.com/GameloftDiscover our blog at http://glft.co/Gameloft_Official_Blog for theinside scoop on everything Gameloft._____________________________________________This app allows you to purchase virtual items within the app andmay contain third-party advertisements that may redirect you to athird-party site.Terms of Use: http://www.gameloft.com/conditions/Privacy Policy: http://www.gameloft.com/privacy-notice/End-User License Agreement: http://www.gameloft.com/eula/
Doodle Army 2 : Mini Militia 3.0.6 APK
Experience intense multiplayer combat with upto 6 players online or 12 using local wi-fi. Train with the Sargeand sharpen your skills in offline Training, Co-op and Survivalmodes. Shoot a multitude of weapon types including the sniper,shotgun and flamethrower.Features explosive online and local multiplayer warfare!Intuitive dual stick shooting controls. Open world maps utilizingrocket boots for extended vertical flight. Zoom control, meleeattacks and dual wield ability with modern and futuristic heavyduty weapons and grenades. Play team based battles in this funcartoon themed cross between Soldat and Halo.Doodle Army 2 Mini Militia aka DA2, based on the originalstickman shooter Doodle Army, was created based on player feedbackand suggestions. We love to hear your ideas so thank you and keepthem coming! Give a call out to Sarge from the in-game emaillink!Purchase the Pro Player Pack to get full access to dual wieldability, extra avatar customization items and online weapons suchas the rocket launcher, sniper rifle, laser, saw gun and more!
Experience the over-the-top,visceralfightingofMORTAL KOMBAT X!Bring the power of next-gen gaming to your mobileandtabletdevicewith this visually groundbreaking fightingandcardcollectiongame.Assemble an elite team of Mortal Kombat warriors andproveyourselfinthe greatest fighting tournament on Earth.BRUTAL 3 v 3 KOMBATCreate your own team of Mortal Kombat fighters andleadthemintobattle to earn experience, new specialattacks,andpowerfulartifacts.MASSIVE ROSTER OF FIGHTERSCollect Mortal Kombat veterans like Scorpion,JohnnyCage,Sub-Zero,Sonya, Kitana, Ermac, and many others. Discoverthenewestadditions to Mortal Kombat such as theinsect-likeD'Vorah,fieryCassie Cage, bloodthirsty Kotal Khan, andthemysteriousKungJin.JAW DROPPING X-RAYS AND FATALITIESMortal Kombat X brings its trademark Fatalities andX-Raystomobile,with stunning graphics, these over the top movespunchyouright inthe guts.CHALLENGE OTHER PLAYERSCompete with other players in Faction Wars, anonlinecompetitivemodewhere players engage other playerteams. Rankup in yourownFaction's leaderboard to earn weeklyprizes.SUMMON ALLIES INTO BATTLEFind other players to be your Ally. Borrow a kombatantandstrikeadecisive blow against your enemies.UNLOCK REWARDS IN BOTH THE CONSOLE AND MOBILE GAMEPlay the game and unlock exclusive rewards for theconsoleversionofMortal Kombat X, including ultra rare characterslikeKlassicKitanaand Injustice Scorpion. Playing the consoleversionunlocksrewardsin mobile as well.NOTICE:* Mortal Kombat X features high quality visuals.Performanceisnotoptimized on devices with less than 1GB RAM.** A minimum of 1.5 GB of free space is requiredonyourdevice.Content is generally suitable for ages 17 andup.Containsintenseviolence, blood, and gore.
Gangstar Vegas 2.8.1b APK
Roll up on a dangerous new trip through theCity of Sin in the latest episode of the acclaimed open-worldaction game!Get ready for fun, immersive, and wild gun wars!* Because of the high-quality graphics used in this game, onceit's installed on your device, this title will use 2.5 GB of space.*WELCOME TO OUTRAGEOUS LAS VEGAS√ Play as a mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter in a BLOCKBUSTER STORYMODE√ Make your way through 80 MISSIONS filled with action√ Build up a gangster squad to take over Vegas and win mafiawarsENDLESS SANDBOX FUN√ Explore a BIGGER CITY, 9x the size of the previous Gangstargame√ Perform amazing stunts with ragdoll effects making use of HAVOKPHYSICS√ Climb the leaderboards in tough CHALLENGES including air, waterand street racing, MMA fighting & more!√ Become Vegas's finest shooter in Carnage & Heist modes√ Break the bank in addictive CASINO GAMESA RIDE ON THE WILD SIDE√ Access INSANE WEAPONS like Molotov cocktails, flamethrowers &an electric guitar!√ Drive CRAZY VEHICLES including monster trucks, muscle cars &fighter jets√ UPGRADE YOUR SKILLS & GEAR and customize theirappearance√ Enjoy an amazing soundtrack featuring Skrillex, Kavinsky,Chromatics and moreGame storyline:In this third-person shooter action game, you will play as a risingMMA champion. Framed by the mafia, you are supposed to throw yourbout at the fighting event of the year. But when your opponentbeats you to the punch and goes down first, famous crime lord FrankVeliano's perfect plan goes down too. You have just become the mostwanted man in the city. In a place where crime is everywhere, youwill have to hold your gun tightly and take part in the wildestmafia wars ever!Welcome to Las Vegas, where fortunes are made and lives are lostwith a roll of the dice!This game supports smartphones and tablets running Android 2.3and up.----Visit our official site at http://www.gameloft.comFollow us on Twitter at http://glft.co/GameloftonTwitter or like uson Facebook at http://facebook.com/Gameloft to get more info aboutall our upcoming titles.Check out our videos and game trailers onhttp://www.youtube.com/GameloftDiscover our blog at http://glft.co/Gameloft_Official_Blog for theinside scoop on everything Gameloft.Certain apps allow you to purchase virtual items within the appand may contain third party advertisements that may redirect you toa third party site.Privacy Policy : http://www.gameloft.com/privacy-notice/Terms of Use : http://www.gameloft.com/conditions/End User License Agreement : http://www.gameloft.com/eula/
Injustice: Gods Among Us 2.12 APK
Build an epic roster of DCsuperheroesandvillains and get ready for battle! INJUSTICE: GODSAMONGUS isafree-to-play collectible card game where you buildarosterofcharacters, moves, powers, and gear and enterthearenaintouch-based 3-on-3 action combat.FIGHTUse the touch screen mechanics of your mobile devicetobattleyourenemies in 3-on-3 action combat. Swipe and taptoperformcombosand build your power to pull off special attacksandsupermovestaken straight from the console version of thegame.LEVEL UPBuild your move set, increase your powers, upgradeyourcharactersandgear, and beat your competition. Constantlyevolveyourcardcollection to fit your style of play and put yourbestteamforwardas you take on a series of DC superheroandvilliancombatants.zONLINE MULTIPLAYERTake on real opponents in Online MultiplayerBattles.Competeagainstplayers worldwide on the leaderboards, andintournamentsfilled withawesome rewards. Watch replays ofyourpreviousoffensive anddefensive battles to hone your skillsandyour teamlineup. Lead yourteam to victory!MASSIVE ROSTERCollect and play as your favorite DC Comicsicons:Superman,Batman,Wonder Woman, The Joker, Green Arrow, Flash,Bane,GreenLantern,Doomsday, and many others. With each alternateversionoftheseiconic characters you get a new set of powers andmoves,anda wholenew fight!AMAZING GRAPHICSDelivers best-in-class graphics on your phone ortablet,withcustomanimations for every single super hero andvillain. Takethebattleto Arkham Asylum, the Batcave, TheWatchtower, andothericoniclocales from DC Comics, fully rendered in3D.Please Note: INJUSTICE: GODS AMONG US is free to play,butitcontainsitems that can be purchased for real money.
WWE Immortals 2.3 APK
Take your favorite WWE Superstars outoftheringand into the supernatural world of WWEIMMORTALS.WieldDEVASTATINGPOWERS to demolish opponentswithinnovativetouch-based combat fromthe makers of InjusticeandMortal Kombat.SUPERCHARGE YOUR ROSTERwith spectacularsignaturemoves, gear andsupport cards. Bring thepain duringliveBONE-CRUNCHING BATTLEStied to WWE events.FIGHTUse the touch screen mechanics of your mobile device todoepicbattlewith your enemies in 3-on-3 combat. Swipe and taptoperformcombosand build your power to pull off special attacksanduseeachSuperstars's customized superpower.MASSIVE ROSTERCollect and play as fantastical versions ofyourfavoriteWWESuperstars: Triple H, John Cena, The Undertaker,TheBellaTwins,The Rock, Stone Cold, and many more. EachiconicSuperstarcomeswith unique variations, featuring specialpowersandmoves.LEVEL UPBuild your move set, increase your powers,upgradeyourcharacters,and conquer your competition. Constantlyevolveyourroster to fityour style of play and put your bestImmortalsforwardas you takeon a series of combatants.ONLINE MULTIPLAYERTake on real opponents in Online Battles andcompeteagainstplayersaround the world in live, in-game events tiedto theWWEand earnawesome rewards.AMAZING GRAPHICSDelivers best-in-class graphics on your phone ortablet,withcustomanimations for every single WWE Superstar. Engageinbattleacrossmultiple worlds, all tailored foreachSuperstar'salter-ego, fullyrendered in 3D.
WARSHIP BATTLE:3D World War II 2.1.2 APK
Thrilling news for the over 70 million fans ofGunship Battle!Take the battle to the seas in WARSHIP BATTLE, a 3D warship actiongame, with missions inspired by the historic naval clashes of WorldWar II.From the USS Arizona to the HMS Bulldog, take control of authenticWorld War II era vessels and steer them through epic naval battlesto glorious victory!Game Features- High quality 3D graphics despite compact app size- Fast paced naval battles with authentic warships from the WorldWar II era- Customize your warships with different weapons and parts to winthe battle- Episodes and hidden missions based on real WWII navalbattles.- No network connection is required after downloading the gameThis game is free to play, but you can choose to pay real money forspecial in-game items.[Access Authorizations in JOYCITY Games]1. Access to Contacts(When logging into the game) It is essential to be able to identifythe Google account registered in the device for Google Login.[Access to Contacts] includes information to read the Googleaccount. You will be unable to login to the game if you deny theaccess request.2. Access to Photos, Media, and Files(When registering/editing profile) Access to [Photos, Media, andFiles] saved in the device is required when you register/editaccount profile image. Login and gameplay will not be affected evenif you deny the access.* Phrases used in [ ] may differ based on the device and OSversion.
GUNSHIP BATTLE: Helicopter 3D 2.4.60 APK
The world's most powerful combat helicoptersare at your fingertips.★★★ 70 million downloads!!! ★★★Become a helicopter pilot and engage in combat missions across theworld.Select from a variety of rotary and fixed-wing VTOL aircraft tocomplete your missions.『GUNSHIP BATTLE』 is a helicopter action game that combinesstunning 3D graphics with flight control simulation and engagingmilitary scenarios to pull you into an immersive combat experiencethe moment you start the game.【 Features 】★ Enjoy controls optimized for 3D flight.★ Select from a wide range of helicopters, each with uniquecharacteristics.★ Arm your chopper with a variety of weapons and equipment.★ Complete missions in Episode mode inspired by real-lifeconflicts.★ Challenge yourself with the next mission or replay a custommission.★ Also optimized for tablet devices.If you enjoy FPS, shooting, or racing games, this is the perfectgame for you.You'll find yourself whirling through the skies across intensecrossfire."Fun and engrossing" - Pocketmeta"Perfectly suited for any action players out there" - Appzoom"Fans of the genre should try this game" - AppgamerThis game is free to play, but you can choose to pay real moneyfor some in-game items. Please note that some paid items may not berefundable depending on the type of item.----Find news on Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/gunshipbattle.en


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CEMS Club Warsaw
Produkter meninger Denne
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Dr Farin χάπια αδυνατίσματος
Dr Farin χάπια αδυνατίσματος
CEMS Club Warsaw The Website Of CEMS Club Warsaw Organization Supporting The CEMS MIM Studies
The city of Warsaw, capital of Poland, flanks both banks of the Vistula River. Occupied by Nazi Germany, Warsaw saw the majority of its 350,000-strong Jewish population die in the ghetto or killed in the gas chambers of Treblinka With liberation in sight the Polish population rose against occupying German forces in the 1944 Uprising Expected help from the West never materialised, and Soviet tanks looked on from the other side of the Wisła as the full weight of the Nazi army crushed the rebellion.The city is the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably the Polish Academy of Sciences and the University of Warsaw , two opera houses, theatres, museums, libraries and monuments. Note that while there is no Koleje Mazowieckie ticket office at the airport, it is possible to purchase single tickets for KML services from the airport to the city center aboard the train (with a 4 PLN conductor surcharge) or at a vending machine, which is located alongside the SKM one few meters before the entrance to the platform at the airport terminal station.At the Bachelor level you can choose Quantitatve Methods in Economics and Information Systems or Management or Global Business, Finance and Governance maybe International Economics - it is up to you! Combining extant features with those parts of the Old Town reconstructed as a result of the conservation programme led to the creation of an urban space unique in terms of its material dimension (the form of the oldest part of the city), its functional dimension (as a residential quarter and venue for important historical, social, and spiritual events), and its symbolic dimension (an invincible city).There`s no denying it, Warsaw has had a troubled history Positioned at the crossroads of Central Europe, the city has been shuffled between empires and dynasties like a pawn on a chessboard. The second category encompasses reconstructed features - this group includes buildings recreated in accordance with pre-war records (some of the Old Town`s townhouses, the Sigismund`s Column, churches, and the Royal Castle), and those rebuilt based on historical and conservation studies pertaining to the architecture of the 14th to 18th centuries (e.g. the façade of the cathedral, and the Old Town walls with the Barbican).Warsaw is a huge city with several district articles containing sightseeing, restaurant, nightlife and accommodation listings — have a look at each of them. Król Filip razem z oficjalną delegacją odwiedził 220-metrowy budynek wieżowy Warsaw Spire, gdzie na wystawie "Belgijskie realizacje na polskim rynku nieruchomości i budownictwa od 1989 roku" przygotowanej przez przedstawicielstwa handlowe i gospodarcze z Flandrii, Walonii i Brukseli przy Ambasadzie Belgii, Belgijską Izbę Gospodarczą w Polsce oraz Ghelamco, zaprezentowano 23 belgijskie firmy z sukcesem prowadzące działalność w Polsce.
Denuncie e quem Avaliações
Denuncie e quem Avaliações
W uroczystości udział wzięło ponad 450 znakomitych gości, w tym Jej Ekscelencja Ambasador Belgii w Polsce - Colette Taquet, Prezydent m. st. Warszawy - Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz, Prezes Ghelamco Group - Paul Gheysens, Dyrektor Zarządzający Ghelamco na Europę Środkowo-Wschodnią - Jeroen van der Toolen, przedstawiciele dewelopera, najemcy Warsaw Spire oraz partnerzy biznesowi Ghelamco Poland.He is the director of the FAB City project at the Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) (), one of the initiators of the Fab Lab Barcelona () project, and PhD researcher at University College of London (). His research interests relate to the use of digital fabrication tools to transform the reality, and how the use of new technologies can change the way people consume, produce and relate with each other in cities.At the Studio, she contributed to various types of projects: gardens for Mississippi Art Museum, design of 100 Acres Art and Nature Park in Indianapolis, and park complex master plan for city of Columbus, MS. In 2010, she moved to Abu Dhabi and worked for one of the main design consulting companies for Abu Dhabi City`s Parks and Recreation Facilities division.Centrally located in the heart of Warsaw next to the city`s main transportation hub, the modern Hampton by Hilton Warsaw City Centre hotel offers easy access to many restaurants, bars and shops, and is a short distance from the historical Old Town area and numerous attractions, including St. John`s Archcathedral, the Royal Castle and the Palace of Culture and Science.Waste and sewage are two major problems for cities, as is air pollution from various forms of combustion, 34 including fireplaces, wood or coal-burning stoves, other heating systems, 35 and internal combustion engines The impact of cities on places elsewhere, be it hinterlands or places far away, is considered in the notion of city footprinting (ecological footprint).
Wrocław`s historical center is surrounded by abundance of greenery, parks, good restaurants, hotels and friendly people making the city a pleasant place to live and study in. It is also a crossing point of three international routes, has two large railway stations, two river ports and an international airport, ensuring easy connection with the whole world.A cistern and many tunnels are under the Temple Mount: some are ancient, some medieval, and some are still being created to expose areas that were originally exposed but have since been filled in. None of the walls of The Temple Mount are built into, nor integral or shared with, the City Wall; it is about 25m (75`) or more from the nearest City Wall, and just as tall.The Jewish Quarter of today is located on the remains of the upper city from the Herodian period (37 B.C.E-70 C.E.). The Wohl Archaeological Museum contains what are now the underground remains of a residential quarter where wealthy families belonging to the Jerusalem aristocracy and priesthood constructed homes overlooking the Temple Mount Some archaeologists believe the palace of the Hasmoneans (also known as the Maccabees ) is among the ruins.Funding: The Jerusalem Old City Initiative has been funded by grants from The Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT), the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) and the Woodrow Wilson School for International and Public Affairs, Princeton University.German authorities forced ghetto residents to live in an area of 1.3 square miles, with an average of 7.2 persons per room. The Jewish council offices were located on Grzybowska Street in the southern part of the ghetto. Jewish organizations inside the ghetto tried to meet the needs of the ghetto residents as they struggled to survive. Among the welfare organizations active in the ghetto were the Jewish Mutual Aid Society, the Federation of Associations in Poland for the Care of Orphans, and the Organization for Rehabilitation through Training. The city was besieged several times and was obliged to pay heavy contributions.


text:
Definition of idiograph
idiograph (ˈɪdɪəʊˌɡrɑːf, -ˌɡræf)
Collins English Dictionary. Copyright © Harper Collins Publishers
Definition of idiograph from the Collins English Dictionary
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Nearby words of 'idiograph'
- idiocy
- idioglossia
- idiogram
- idiograph
- idiographic
- idiolect
- idiom