text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Dec 20, 1983
|Filing date
|Oct 8, 1981
|Priority date
|Jun 20, 1980
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Malcolm B. Burleigh
|Original Assignee
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (58), Classifications (18), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation-in-part of copending application Ser. No. 161,442, filed June 20, 1980 and now abandoned.
This invention relates to colorimetric indicators useful as end of service life indicators in, for example, respirators or other passive toxic materials monitoring systems. In another aspect, this invention relates to colorimetric indicators useful in detection of fluid substances as, for example, on thin layer chromatography plates and vapor transfer sheets. Detection or monitoring is effected when the composition undergoes a visually observable reaction with the substance to be detected in the atmosphere at room temperature.
There is increasing interest by government agencies and the general public in protecting individuals against the harmful effects of toxic substances. In fact, personal monitoring of exposure to specific hazardous substances in the environment is required for many designated materials by government regulations. It is desirable that such devices indicate when exposure to a specific hazardous substance has reached a selected time-weighted-average value. Devices for monitoring exposure to a hazardous substance based on a visually observable change of color of a dye or color precursor incorporated therein are currently available.
Colorimetric indicators have been disclosed as useful in filtering devices, such as respirators. U.S. Pat. No. 1,537,519 discloses use of an indicator strip, such as litmus paper, in a window-type respirator. U.S. Pat. No. 4,155,358 discloses a disposable valveless chemical cartridge respirator for filtration of vinyl chloride monomer which includes a visually observable end of service life indicator. U.S. Pat. No. 4,154,586 (and related German and British Pat. Nos. 2,758,603 and 1,554,542, respectively) discloses a respirator cartridge providing a visual means for indicating organic vapor/gas hazards and incorporates a catalytic agent for enhancing activation and reaction of the indicator agent. U.S. Pat. No. 3,966,440 discloses a canister or cartridge which incorporates a colorimetric indicator for use in indicating the impending exhaustion of a toxic gas filtering device. These patents generally relate to devices with granular silica gel or alumina packed cartridges.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,350,175 relates to a finely divided non-porous inorganic carrier such as glass beads or powdered glass, the particle size being 40 to 100 mesh, on which is coated a powdered inorganic absorbent, such as clay, diatomaceous earth, or bauxite, impregnated with a colorimetric reagent. The free-flowing, discrete, coated particles of the patent are packed as an elongated bed in a transparent tube. Also relating to particles packed in a tube is U.S. Pat. No. 3,068,073 which discloses a method and reagent for detection and quantitative determination of carbon dioxide. The gas to be tested is passed through an elongated bed packed with alumina, between 16 and 200 mesh size, carrying thymol blue or thymol blue and a base.
It is known in the art to use an adhesive to secure absorptive materials to substrates. U.S. Pat. No. 3,672,845 discloses an indicator testing device wherein an indicator is incorporated in hydrophilic absorbent particulate material such as aluminum oxide, silica gel, cellulose, or vermiculite, and secured to a sheet by means of a suitable adhesive. U.S. Pat. No. 3,552,929 relates to a device for detecting halide ion concentration in fluids and discloses use of an adhesive to hold an indicator impregnated substrate, e.g., filter paper, to a backing, e.g., polyester or glass.
Heftmann, Erich, Chromatography, 3rd edition, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York (1967), pp. 164-183, relates to thin-layer chromatography and discloses, for example, siliceous materials, cellulosics, polyamides, and dextran gels as components of coating materials for thin-layer chromatography plates.
Monitoring of personal exposure to hazardous materials is the subject of a number of studies of which the following are examples: Natusch, Sewell and Tanner, "Determination of H2 S in Air--An Assessment of Impregnated Paper Tape Methods", Analytical Chemistry, volume 46, page 3 (1974); Schnakenberg, "A Passive Personal Sampler for Nitrogen Dioxide", Bureau of Mines Technical Progress Report 95 (1976); Ray, Carroll and Armstrong, "Evaluation of Small Color-Changing Carbon Monoxide Dosimeters," Bureau of Mines Rep. Invest. (1975); Palmer, "Personal Samplers for CO, NO and NO2 in Air", Bureau of Mines Report OFR 92-77 (1977) and Nichols, "Reactive Tapes for Automatic Environmental Analysis, Personal Vapor Monitoring Badges for Industrial Workers", National Science Foundation Report NSF/RA-780039 (1978).
Indicators in sheet form have been utilized in the prior art. The method of coating the carrier and dye material onto a film backing employs binders of soluble organic polymers or organic polymers dispersed in an aqueous phase. These organic polymer binding systems suffer serious drawbacks and limitations. In order to bind the carrier particles so that they will adhere, it is necessary to coat the particles themselves with resin. This coating lowers the ability of the carrier particles to adsorb the dye. In addition, the hazardous gas must penetrate a layer of resin polymer in order to reach the adsorbed dye. This coating also serves to slow the rate of reaction. Thus, resin binders tend to create exactly the opposite effect than intended.
In addition to the above limitations, there is the interaction of certain reactants with organic compounds. Chemicals such as permanganate salts, chromate salts, strong acids and bases and other reactive materials useful in dye and dye precursor formulations are often not stable in contact with organic materials and thus cannot be used with organic resin binders.
The colorimetric indicators of the present invention overcome the above-mentioned limitations of the organic resin binders included in the prior art compositions. The present invention provides colorimetric indicators comprising certain clay mineral binders, which clays possess properties of high porosity, large specific surface area, superior adhesiveness, stability towards many dyes and dye precursors, ready availability and economy.
Clays have been used for numerous purposes, many of which depend on their adsorptive ability. They have been used as sweeping compounds, as drilling muds in oil drilling, and in ceramics. There are many references to their use as dye acceptors or pigmented particles. See, for example, R. W. Grimshaw, The Chemistry and Physics of Clay, Wiley-Interscience, London (1971) pp. 120-124, 140-148.
The colormetric indicators of the present invention are sheet materials comprising an indicator substance coated on a backing. The indicator substance may be a color precursor, a dye or a bleachable dye which will form a different color when a selected substance reacts directly with the indicator or the indicator reacts with products of a previous reaction. The colorimetric indicator comprises an indicator substance, a carrier, and a clay mineral binder coated on a backing. In some instances, the clay mineral is used as the binder and also as the high surface area carrier. In other instances, a high surface area carrier such as alumina, carbon or silica is used.
The present invention utilizes self-adhering clay mineral binders which may be used in some cases without additional adsorbent carrier materials in the formation of colorimetric indicators. In such cases the carrier and the clay mineral are one and the same substance. The clay binder acts as an adsorbent as well as causing the coating to adhere to the film backing. The resultant coatings are more economical than resin bound coatings although they tend to scratch, mar and rub off. However, for their intended uses as, for example, an indicator in a controlled sensitivity monitoring device such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,158,958, it is not necessary to have a very strong coating. Superior adhesion may be sacrificed for improved sensitivity and selectivity.
When a carrier other than the clay mineral is present it may be alumina, silica, carbon or other similar high surface area material which acts as a medium for toxic substance adsorbance. In all cases, the indicator substances and the toxic substances to be detected by the indicator coatings must be adsorbed onto the carrier. The clay binder is self-adhering and requires no supplementary adhesive. The clay binder is the cement that holds the carrier particles together and also holds the coating to the backing. The colorimetric indicators of the present invention are useful where porosity and large specific surface area are important, as in toxic gas detection, thin layer chromatography plates and vapor transfer sheets.
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a colorimetric indicator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the colorimetric indicator material of FIG. 1 taken along the line 2--2;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view, with parts thereof broken away, of a diffusional gas monitoring device;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the diffusional gas monitoring device of FIG. 3 taken along line 4--4; and
FIG. 5 is a partial elevational view of a continuous-type gas monitoring device.
The present invention provides a colorimetric indicator in sheet form for the detection of a hazardous or other substance in ambient air comprising a backing on which is coated a colorimetric indicator comprising
a. an indicator substance,
b. a high surface area carrier for said indicator substance, and
c. a self-adhering clay mineral binder,
said clay mineral being said binder or both said binder and said carrier, which colorimetric indicator is reactive with said hazardous or other substance, said colorimetric indicator upon exposure to said substance undergoing an irreversible chemical reaction which progresses, as a function of diffusion, through the depth of the coating, resulting in a visually resolvable color change. The rate of the chemical reaction is proportional to the amount of indicator substance present and the concentration of the substance to be monitored, the color change indicating that exposure to said hazardous substance has reached a selected time-weighted-average value. The colorimetric indicator is a porous coating upon a backing permitting gaseous diffusion of the hazardous or other substance thereinto.
Referring to the accompanying drawing, the colorimetric indicator 10 of the present invention comprises an indicator substance 12 coated on a backing 14, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
The colorimetric indicator of the present invention comprises an indicator substance which may be a dye precursor or a dye or bleachable dye, a clay mineral binder, and an adsorbent carrier which may be the clay mineral. The carrier adsorbs the indicator substance as well as the toxic substances to be monitored. Among useful carriers other than clay are alumina, silica, carbon, and similar highly porous materials. Among the useful indicator substances are dyes such as permanganate salts, chromate salts, indophenol sodium salt, and other water soluble dyes such as uranine (sodium salt of fluorescein) and the sodium salt of the leuco sulfuric derivative of Vat Green 1. It is anticipated that any dye which does not adversely react with the carrier and binder materials will be useful. These dyes may be used singly or in combination in order to achieve the desired imaging properties.
The use of the colorimetric indicator for a particular contaminant is dependent on the selection of an appropriate indicator substance. For example, carbon monoxide can be detected by its reaction with pink silver permanganate to form the beige composition, MnO2 and other reaction products.
The novel binders of the present invention are self-adhering inorganic minerals, namely clays, which are capable of holding the particles together and also of bonding the coating to the film backing.
Two general classes of clay minerals useful in the present invention are attapulgus clays and the smectite or bentonite clays. In the case of the bentonite clays, their binding action is so good that it is possible to put many more times its weight of other substances such as silica gel, alumina or any adsorbent materials one would wish into the formulation. The attapulgus clay is preferably used by itself due to its less efficient binding action.
Attapulgus clay is a fibrous clay related to the asbestos minerals. Two names, palygorskite and attapulgite, have been applied to the same mineral. It is composed of magnesium silicate chains which have been partially replaced with aluminum, calcium and iron. A hypothetical chemical formula (disregarding the above mentioned impurities) would be (Si2 O5)4 8- (Mg5 (OH)2)8+ (OH2)4.4H2 O.
The bentonite clays are represented by a number of clay minerals of varying composition. They all have a similar overall structure and thus have similar physical properties. These bentonite clays have, in common, a double tetrahedral layer sandwiching two or three octahedral layers. The general structure of the bentonite clays is complicated by substitution of other metal ions with similar structural parameters for the aluminum and silicon normally in the various layers. Some sample bentonite clays and their formulas are shown in TABLE I below. The common names of these clays are smectites, montmorillonites or bentonites. They will be referred to herein as bentonites except where the reference is to a specific mineral. For a more complete description of these materials see Grimshaw, supra.
TABLE I__________________________________________________________________________COMPOSITIONS OF SAMPLE BENTONITE CLAYS Composition of Composition of Number ofName Octahedral Layers Tetrahedral Layers Octahedral Layers__________________________________________________________________________Wyoming Bentonite (Al1.53 Fe .sub..18+3 Mg0.33) [(Al0.13 Si3.87)O10 (OH)2 ]Na.sub..33 2Beidellite (Al1.46 Fe .sub..50+3 Mg.sub..08) [(Al.sub..36 Si3.64)O10 (OH)2 ]Na.sub.. 40 2Montmorillonite (Al1.51 Fe .sub..07+3 Mg.sub..33) [(Al0.13 Si3.87)O10 (OH)2 ]Na.sub..33 2Nontronite (Fe3+ 1.67 Mg+2 0.33) [Si4 O10 (OH)2 ]Na.sub..33 3Hectorite (Mg2.67 Li.sub..33) [S4 O10 (F,OH)2 ]Na.sub..33 3Saponite Mg3 (Al.sub..33 Si3.67) [O10 (OH)2 ]Na.sub..33 3__________________________________________________________________________
Bentonites exhibit, when wet, great plasticity, stickiness, and strength. These properties are believed due to two factors: the platelet nature of the particles and the extremely large specific surface area. The adsorptive property of bentonites is of great importance in the present invention. Bentonites possess the ability to adsorb strongly many organic molecules as well as inorganic molecules. Bentonites as binders are preferred in the colorimetric indicators of this invention.
Attapulgus clays possess good adsorptive properties, but as mentioned above, they have less binding ability than bentonite clays.
Clay binders are particularly well suited for inclusion in toxic gas detectors due to their adhesion to commonly used backing materials. Clays, because of their structure, have natural adhesive properties and no supplementary adhesive is used in the practice of the present invention to adhere the indicator coating to the backing. It is indeed surprising that adhesive forces between clay particles and between clay particles and backing materials exist that enable one to successfully prepare sheet materials. Clay binders are well-suited for use in toxic gas detectors due to their outstanding porosity and their inertness towards commonly used dyes and dye precursors. Backing materials which are transparent, translucent or opaque have been found useful in the present invention. If the indicator is on an opaque or translucent backing, the color comparison is made on the side exposed to the hazardous material. If the indicator is on a transparent backing, it is then possible to make the comparison from either side. However, since the colorimetric indicators are in sheet form, contamination of the indicator coating by reaction with the backing must be avoided. An additional prerequisite is that the backing must be wettable by the coating solution. Glass has been found to work well and polyester or other flexible films may be useful if properly surface-treated to make them water wettable. Polyester is relatively impermeable; thus, its organic constituent components will not normally react with the indicator. Many types of surface treatments will render plastic films water wettable. High voltage corona discharge treatment is useful in making polyester films water receptive and since it does not involve the use of chemicals there is no possibility of contamination of the subsequently applied indicator coating.
Colorimetric indicators, coated on flexible backings to form sheet materials, are useful for monitoring toxic substances in passive mode services and in respirators. These flexible sheet materials must be capable of being cut. Colorimetric indicators coated on non-flexible backings such as glass are useful, for example, as thin layer chromatography plates. In addition, indicator coatings of the present invention must resist loss of adhesion, often referred to as "peeling," and loss of cohesion or "rubbing off". Both of these failures can be related to the following variables: nature of the indicator substances, the carrier to binder ratio, and the coating weight.
The coating weight refers to the total loading in grams per square meter. A high coating weight affords maximum exposure of toxic substances to the porous coating surface which holds a maximum amount of indicator substance. However, a high coating weight tends to make the coating susceptible to cracking and then peeling. Hence, there is a practical limit to the coating weight. As the carrier to binder ratio increases, the binding forces lessen, and the coating becomes increasingly soft and chalky and subject to rubbing off. This consideration places an upper limit on the carrier to binder ratio. Thus, excessive coating thickness may result in peeling whereas an excessively high carrier content may result in rubbing off of the coating. To evaluate carrier to binder ratio, the followng test was devised.
A modified ASTM method was used to test the strength of clay coated films. Several films were prepared by coating various preparations of ball milled RA-1 alumina (activated alumina, Reynolds Corp.) and USP bentonite. An alumina slush grind was prepared using 100 g of the Reynolds activated alumina, 200 g water and 300 g of 1.3 cm glass grinding balls which were placed in a 1/2 liter jar and milled for 36 hours on a roller mill.
20 g USP bentonite clay was added to 180 g water in a 1/2 liter jar and dispersed on a high speed mixer. All the solutions were prepared to 15% total solids and doctor blade coated on corona treated 50 polyester backing. The nominal coating weight was 28 g/m2. The following alumina/bentonite ratios were tested: 5/1, 10/1, 15/1, 20/1, 30/1. The integrity of the coatings was tested by dropping 30 g of sand (mesh size 0.290 mm�0.053 mm) through a distance of 0.3 meter (1 ft) onto the sheet taped onto a glass plate inclined at a 30� angle.
The results of the test are given in TABLE 2:
TABLE 2______________________________________Sand Drop Test for Clay Coated FilmsAlumina/bentonite ratio Result______________________________________ 5/1 slight abrasion10/1 slight abrasion15/1 slight abrasion20/1 slight abrasion with small pinholes30/1 small holepure Al2 O3 coating severely abraded______________________________________
The data indicate that 20/1 is the maximum useful alumina/bentonite ratio.
The colorimetric indicators of the present invention, in sheet form, find use as indicators for toxic substances in passive mode devices. The use of these materials as end of service life indicators in cartridge respirators is the subject of assignee's copending application, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,326,514, filed June 20, 1980.
(a) 100 g Reynolds RA-1 activated alumina (Reynolds Corp.), 200 g water, and 300 g of 1.3 cm glass grinding balls were added to a 1/2 liter jar and milled for 35 hours on a roller mill. 240 g of this alumina slush grind, 20 g USP bentonite clay, 1 g silver nitrate, 1 g potassium permanganate and 400 g of water were added to a liter jar and dispersed with a high speed mixer. The dispersion was a uniform pink color. The dispersion was coated on 50 polyester backing which had been primed using a high voltage corona so that the backing was water wettable. The film was coated 100 wet and the eventual dry coating weight was 25 g/m2. The drying was done using a 14 amp hot air heat gun.
(b) Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawings, samples of the sheet form colorimetric indicator were exposed to the toxic gas CO in diffusional monitoring device 20. Assignee's U.S. Pat. No. 4,158,958 is directed to such devices. Diffusional monitoring device 20 had nineteen apertures 22, each with straight walls 24, a diameter of 1 cm and a height of 1.2 cm. Gas inlet 26 and outlet 28 allowed a 10 liters/min airstream containing 20 ppm CO to pass through device 20, diffuse through porous film 30 (Celgard 2400, Celanese Plastics Company), the purpose of which was to assure sampling by diffusion rather than direct air flow, into passive air space of aperture 22, and contact colorimetric indicator coating 12 which is on backing 14 and exit through outlet 28. The sample colorimetric indicators were removed at various times and the reflectance density was measured. The initial color density was 0.54 log density units measured using a MacBeth 514 reflecting densitometer with a green filter. After exposure to carbon monoxide the density of the completely reacted indicator substance was 0.37 log density units. The decrease in density coincided with the indicator color change from pink to beige, indicating the ability of the device to accurately measure the amount of CO gas present.
The experimental resuts are listed in TABLE 3.
TABLE 3______________________________________Time-Reflectance Density DataMinutes Ref. Density______________________________________ 0 0.54 1 0.51 3 0.47 5 0.4510 0.3960 (complete reaction) 0.37______________________________________
The data indicate a smooth decrease in the reflectance density corresponding to the time of exposure to the CO airstream. The final data corresponds to the lower limit of reflectance density, a complete reaction.
The colorimetric indicator as formulated herein is extremely sensitive to carbon monoxide. In order to operate a useful device containing this colorimetric indicator, a sufficient degree of attenuation must be realized. That is, in using device 20 of FIGS. 3 and 4, the size of the diffusion apertures 22 needs to be reduced to accommodate the extreme sensitivity of the indicator and the relatively large time-weighted average CO value of 400 ppm-hrs.
Referring now to FIG. 5, a continuous-type CO monitor 40 utilizing the colorimetric indicator of this invention is shown. The indicator tape 41 was unwound from spool 42 onto take-up spool 44 and passed under optical fore sensor 46, optical aft sensor 48, and exposure chamber 50 into which air was pumped at a specific rate.
The two sensors measured the amount of light reflected by the tape as a voltage. When the CO reacted with the colorimetric indicator tape, its color changed from pink to beige, which the sensor saw as an increase in the reflected light. Initial color density was 0.54 log density units using a MacBeth 514 reflecting densitometer. A green filter was used after exposure and the density of the beige material was 0.37 log density units after complete reaction with CO gas. The decrease in reflective density coincided with the indicator color change from pink to beige. The voltage difference between the fore and aft sensors was then proportional to the CO concentration in the stream. When the voltage difference exceeded a preset level, a relay was tripped and an alarm was activated.
40 g high surface area silica gel, 20 g USP bentonite, 4 g chromium trioxide, 10 g sulfuric acid and 200 g water were dispersed in a 1/2 liter jar by ball milling with 300 g of 1 cm balls for 1 hour. The dispersion was a bright yellow and was coated 100 wet on corona primed polyester and dried using the procedure of EXAMPLE 1.
The coated film was exposed to air containing 950 ppm isopropanol at 50% relative humidity at 25� C.
The coated film was mounted into the diffusional monitoring device of FIGS. 3 and 4, said device having straight walls, a diameter of 1 cm and a height of 1.2 cm.
The optical density was measured through the back of the film using a Macbeth 514 Reflectance Densitometer set with a blue filter and initially was found to be 0.46 log density units. After being exposed for 22.5 minutes, the density had decayed to a stable value of 0.09.
The visual color change was from yellow to light green and this was quantified by the optical density measurements, thus indicating the presence of isopropanol vapors.
33 g attagel (attapulgite clay) was added to 200 g water, 333 mg sodium salt of indophenol and 1.5 g sodium hydroxide. The mixture was dispersed in a 1/2 liter jar with 300 g of 1 cm balls by ball milling for 1 hour. The dispersion was coated and dried using the process of EXAMPLE 1.
The colorimetric indicator was exposed to air containing 500 ppm SO2 at 50% relative humidity at 25� C. in the diffusional monitoring device of FIG. 3. The optical density was measured through the back of the film using a Macbeth 514 Reflectance Densitometer set with a yellow filter. The optical density was initially 0.57 log density units. After 7.2 minutes, the optical density had decayed to a stable value of 0.10. The visual color change was from blue to white, the color change being quantified by the optical density measurements, thus indicating the ability of this device to accurately measure the amount of SO2 gas present.
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|The method of detection for dangerous gas leakage
|U.S. Classification
|422/416, 422/88, 422/66, 422/87, 436/132, 436/131, 436/122, 436/162, 422/425
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 8, 1981
Owner name: MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, ST. PA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BURLEIGH, MALCOLM B.;REEL/FRAME:003937/0440
Effective date: 19811007
|Mar 18, 1986
|Certificate of correction
|Mar 16, 1987
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Apr 8, 1991
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Mar 31, 1995
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
- Worldwide Rank #53,379,254
- Follower/Following Ratio 0.4
- Daily New Followers 0
Destiny Houghtaling Twitter Stats
@01softball01 - Tracking Destiny Houghtaling Twitter profile since September 25, 2015
I am a huge fan of O2L, Jc is my favorite. I love Arizona Iced Tea. I love filming and making videos. And I play select softball, and basketball.
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@01softball01 has posted 0 tweets in the last 1 days, which translates to an average of 0.0 tweets per day.
Destiny Houghtaling Twitter Followers
@01softball01 has 96 followers on Twitter.
This account is #53,379,254 in the worldwide rank of the most popular Twitter users.
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@01softball01 is following 242 Twitter accounts.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Tag Archives: Nokia
Microsoft to cut jobs
Microsoft is planning its biggest round of job cuts in five years
Steve Jobs took our jobs
Finnish Prime Minister Alexander Stubb has accused Apple's founder of crushing his country's job market
Digital VAT in SA: who pays?
South Africa now requires companies to collect VAT on digital goods and services sold here, but which international companies do?
Nokia Lumia 630 price, 930 launch date for SA
Microsoft South Africa has announced a number of updates to its local device line-up, including two new devices
BBM for Windows Phone launch window
The launch of BBM on Windows Phone has received a window, according to media reports
Bidorbuy Windows Phone app launched
A Windows Phone application for Bidorbuy has hit the Windows Phone marketplace
Nokia extorted of millions by software blackmailers
Nokia paid several million euros to criminals who threatened to reveal the source code for its Symbian operating system
No digital VAT price increase for Nokia stores
Microsoft South Africa's devices division has responded to questions about how the new digital VAT will affect the Nokia online stores
10Gbps 5G mobile broadband trials
Docomo is set to conduct experimental trials of emerging 5G mobile communications technologies
Bye bye Nokia
Microsoft is to drop the Nokia brand in favour of an as yet undecided new name for its smartphone division


text:
The it did not scare me then and is still being made peaceful now meme was made with Futurama Fry meme generator.
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Because Knetbooks knows college students. Our rental program is designed to save you time and money. Whether you need a textbook for a semester, quarter or even a summer session, we have an option for you. Simply select a rental period, enter your information and your book will be on its way!
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North Korea
President Obama, standing alongside South Korean President Lee Myung-bak at the White House Tuesday, said a nuclear-armed North Korea posed a "grave threat" to the world. Continue reading
In other news, North Koreans turned out to protest tough new U.N. sanctions and U.S. Army Gen. Stanley McChrystal officially took command of U.S. and NATO forces in Afghanistan. Continue reading
The world's big powers, including Russia and China, are considering sanctions after North Korea conducted nuclear tests. U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Susan Rice speaks with Margaret Warner. Continue reading
A North Korean court convicted two U.S. reporters of entering the country illegally Monday and sentenced them to 12 years in a labor camp. A professor and the former U.S. Ambassador to South Korea discuss the situation. Continue reading
A North Korean court on Monday sentenced two U.S. journalists to 12 years in a labor camp, a move widely seen as a sign the Communist country is looking to escalate its confrontation with the United States. Continue reading
In other news, 4 U.S. soldiers were killed in Afghanistan and Iraq, and a Brazilian navy helicopter recovered the first wreckage from an Air France flight that was lost over the Atlantic Ocean Sunday. Continue reading
North Korean leader Kim Jong Il has signaled he plans to have his third son succeed him, while Pyongyang plans a trial for two U.S. reporters: Laura Ling and Euna Lee, who work for Current TV. Analysts examine the developments. Continue reading
In other news, Brazilian pilots found evidence of flight wreckage in the Atlantic Ocean along an Air France's flight path that disappeared en route from Rio de Janeiro to Paris Sunday, and an American soldier was killed by a roadside bomb in Baghdad. Continue reading
When North Korea conducted its second underground nuclear test in three years Monday, one of the first places in the world to register anything unusual was the National Earthquake Information Center in Denver, Colo. Continue reading
Nuclear tests in North Korea, violence in Pakistan and a diplomatic stalemate with Iran has complicated nuclear diplomacy for the U.S. Former Carter official Zbigniew Brzezinski and Philip Zelikow, foreign adviser under President Bush, consider the new world. Continue reading


text:
Sand Filter Tank Valve Head Clamp by Hayward
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Bean Salad Recipes
Looking for bean salad recipes? Find bean salad recipes for your meals including black bean salads, green bean salads, and more bean salad recipes.
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This protein-filled dish could be served as a colorful side dish or a meatless main entree. When you make it, double the recipe because it will be gone in a flash! The basmati rice add a unique flavor and the dressing gives it a bit of a tang. —Janelle Lee, Appleton, WisconsinGet Recipe


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It will reportedly even include a working darkroom.... READ ON
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text:
Skip to comments.Paying the Wrong Piper
Posted on 09/09/2003 1:10:20 PM PDT by Congressman Billybob
School vouchers are now back on the front burner because the House of Representatives has just passed and sent to the Senate a $10 million program for the poorest students in the D.C. public school system. The plan gives them an opportunity to escape failing public schools and switch to any other school their parents believe will provide a better education. This is an idea whose time has come actually, it came a generation ago. But most Senate Democrats are gearing up to kill this opportunity for these children. Why are they doing that?
First, we look at the nature of the problem. The 2002 Report Card on American Education was published on behalf of the 2,700 state legislators who are members of the American Legislative Exchange Council. The Report includes the District of Columbia's results, treating it as a state. D.C. spent $8,277 per student per year, which is eighth highest in per student spending. It is tied for last in academic results, with Mississippi. (Those who want to obtain a copy of this Report should contact http://www.alec.org The new edition will be published by the end of October.)
What results do other states show? The national average in spending is $6,627 per student. The state with the best academic results is Wisconsin, which spends $7,886 per year. Since I'm from North Carolina, I add its results here. It spends $5,724 per year, not far from the national average; however, its academic results are 38th, or well below average.
Among the most vocal opponents of this plan on TV last weekend was Eleanor Holmes Norton, the non-voting Congresswoman from D.C. She attacked the plan for "siphoning money away from the public schools." Let's consider this math problem, which I shall put up on the blackboard.
The average national spending is $6,627. The average voucher payment of the plans currently in existence around the nation is about $2,500. Here's the equation:
$6,627 minus $2,500 equals $4,127.
So, for every individual student whose parents choose to put him/her in a non-public school, the school system will have $4,127 left from NOT EDUCATING THAT STUDENT. What will such a public system do with that found money? Well, unless they steal it (which rarely happens) or give it back to the taxpayers (which never happens), they'll spend it on the students they still have.
In short, every voucher system, when parents take advantage of it, INCREASES the money per student that is available to the remaining students. So why are Mrs. Norton, and the Senate Democrats, attacking this plan?
Rep. Norton (a lawyer) is a well-educated woman. So are the men and women in the US Senate who may fight this plan. None of them are so stupid that they cannot do the math problem I presented above. The conclusion, therefore, is that they are dishonest. Why?
The heart of the remaining strength of the Democrat Party is the "edukashun" unions the National Education Association, the American Federation of Teachers, and their various state and local affiliates. These unions are the largest single source of volunteers for campaigns and funds to pay for advertising for hard-core Democrats in all levels of government.
What do the "edukashun" unions want? They want more pay for more teachers. What do they adamantly oppose? They oppose testing for students to find out what they know, and to determine that they actually have an education before they receive a diploma. They oppose testing for teachers to make sure the teachers actually know their subjects. And the "edukashun" unions go absolutely ballistic over competition for public schools charter schools, voucher plans, and especially home-schooling.
So year by year, the costs per pupil in America's public schools go up while the educational results go down. Not even the dumbing-down of some of the tests and much of the curricula has stopped this slide. Yet hard-core Democrats who are beholden to the "edukashun" unions defend this failed system, because the money and volunteers provided by those unions keep them in office.
Are Democrats unanimous in opposing the D.C. voucher system? No. In fact, it is a major crack in the facade of Democrat unity that now gives this plan a chance of success in the Senate. D.C. Mayor Anthony Williams, a lifelong Democrat, has broken with the party line. He supports this voucher plan. If some Democrats in the Senate likewise wake up and smell the test results, the plan will pass.
D.C. will be the clearest test case of competition for the public schools. Study after study, other than a few that were paid for by the "edukashun" unions themselves, has shown that the average student achievements in various forms of schools rank in this order: Home-schooled students do the best. Next are private schools. Next are parochial schools. And dragging up the rear are the public schools.
Although I am not a Catholic, I am well aware of the excellent results especially in inner city Archdioceses, where more than half of the students are non-Catholics. They are mostly minority students whose parents care enough about their futures to scrimp and save to get them into those schools. The students reflect their parents' commitments, and are more dedicated to getting the education they need. But other than the commitments of the parents and the children, they are indistinguishable from the students languishing in the public schools down the street, and their parents.
In terms of cost-effective results, the parochial schools provide a better educational result than the public schools, and do so at about half the cost. Private schools show similar results some are very expensive, but most of them are reasonable in cost, comparable to the parochial schools. Senators and Representatives tend to send their children to such schools. As pointed out on the floor in Congress last week, no Member of the Senate nor any Member of the D.C. Council sends his or her children to any D.C. public school.
Justice Louis Brandeis wrote in a Supreme Court decision long ago that "the states [are] legislative laboratories." That is precisely what the "edukashun" unions and their hard-core Democrat allies most fear. D.C. is the ultimate laboratory for testing alternatives to public education as it currently exists. D.C. costs are high, and its results are the worst. There is phenomenal room for improvement.
Based on the proven results from other states, if the entire D.C. public school system were shut down tomorrow and all its students transferred to other schools, half the money could be saved and the educational results would go up.
Mind you, I'm not saying that all public schools are bad. In fact, many are solid schools. There is one school for all 12 grades in the small town where I live. The educational achievement rates, school by school, were released last week for the entire state. The Highlands School rated well above both the national average and the state average, and had the best results in all of Western Carolina. So I have no doubt about the quality education that my stepdaughter is receiving.
I add that all of my children and all of my grandchildren have also gone to good schools mostly public ones, but some to parochial schools. If I looked at the situation from a selfish standpoint I'd say that my children and grandchildren are doing fine. Why should I be concerned about other people's children? (That seems to be the approach that most of the Senate Democrats are taking.)
We must all be concerned when any significant number of students are still stuck in rotten public schools. Most students are capable of a good education. When they go to school for 12 years but don't receive that education, they are cheated. Their parents, who dutifully send them off to school, are cheated out of their expectations for their children.
The taxpayers who paid the costs, whether or not they have children in those schools, are cheated out of the education they paid others to provide. And lastly, when students don't get a competent education, they are less likely to obtain decent jobs and support themselves and their families, and more likely to fall into various forms of failure including drugs and crime.
When there are major failures anywhere in our public education systems, we all lose. We lose as communities, we lose as states, we lose as a nation. It's as simple as that.
One last note: the figures given above for costs of public education are operating costs only. The capital costs of building and maintaining the schools are NOT included. So the waste of money and the loss of opportunities for students, parents, taxpayers and citizens are even worse than indicated here.
If I were a Member of Congress, I would not only eagerly vote for a voucher plan like the one here, I'd argue until I was blue in the face using facts, figures and common sense -- to get all other Members of Congress to vote for it as well. It's that important.
- 30 -
About the Author: John Armor has spent 22 years in education at all levels, and has been a college professor. He has just formed an Exploratory Committee to run for Congress.
- 30 -
I think the facts contained will be of interest to FReepers, and that most will agree with the conclusions drawn.
Let me know what you think.
John / Billybob
Excellent essay, my FRiend.
You raise an interesting point: "Why should I be concerned about other people's children?"
The fact is we should all be (and, I hope are!) concerned about the children; they are the future of our country.
That is why we do what we do -- we are concerned about the future -- we want to leave this a better place than we found it. Until recently, past generations have insisted that future generations get a better education, which has been one of the great keys to America's success since our founding years.
We should make no mistake -- the LIEberal/Socialist/Marxists among us are intent on destroying America. That is why they and their useful idiot camp followers who have taken over the education establishment are doing what they are doing (I am convinced it is purposeful). If they can destroy America's education system, America will be rendered "just another third world country."
[The above thought usually takes me to "Taxman's History Lesson," and my theory of why the world hates the US and why certain US citizens are actively working to destroy America, but I'll save that essay for another thread]
At least the my conservative FRiends recognize the threat and are working to turn it around. I have no LIEberal/Socialist/Marxist Bastard FRiends (I do not hang out with scum -- my mother taught me a long time ago that a person is known by the company they keep), but I recognize evil when I see it.
What the NEA and the AFT have done (more correctly, what the American people have allowed the NEA and the AFT to do) to the US education system is criminal, and I, for one, am overjoyed that the American people are finally waking up to the facts and are doing something about it. I pray that we are not too late.
Press on, Billybob. We can win this battle for America's future, but it will not be a piece o' cake!
Excellent point! They are the future engineers, doctors,
lawyers, etc. that will continue to build and maintain our society and way of life. But they will only be able to create and fill these needed vocations if they are educated.
LOL! Congressman Billybob is right on the money with this essay. We have to take America Back, and recapturing control of the education system is of great importance.
After we replace the income tax with a National Retail Sales Tax and abolish the IRS, of course!
The NEA is the most powerful lobbying group in the nation..And they won't let vouchers go "string-less" to private schools...That ain't gonna happen.
Best FRegards,
Get the facts. Then let me know if you still oppose vouchers as a means to get students out of rotten public schools.
John / Billybob
The purpose of government funding of education is to educate the students. And--subject to the critique of the child's parents, not the government--the religion of the provider of that education is not the government's business.
The SCOTUS case in re Cleveland vouchers was most encouraging. SCOTUS saw it pretty much the way I do--the NEA came up empty.
"Vouchers are already going "stringless" to private and parochial schools. That's precisely why the NEA is up in arms. I think you need to consider the more than 50 years of government sscholarships paid for students at places like Notre Dame University. Those haven't changed Notre Dame. And vouchers are just another word for scholarships."
Yes...they are. And I'm aware of that. ( Milwaukee..is the best example I'm aware of in the K-12 level..) And yes, I understand it's been upheld in the USSC. Maybe my concern is unfounded at this early juncture...but IMO..once the NEA and the natural evolution of government have their way...the "hoops" to jump thru will be placed.
I differ with your statement that Notre Dame hasn't changed. It has. And I'd bet you your best lure in your tackle box..that it has. ( mines a blue and white Zara Spook..) It's founding misson statement is certainly not being followed by the great majority of students. Same with Yale, and many others. Are these changes specific to and/or caused by the accepting of federal/state monies...I strongly would point in that direction for starters. But I'm quite sure it's not the only causitive factor.
I do most certainly understand your implied point....in relation to the G.I. Bill/Pell grants..etc...etc...giving students who qualified for those monies "free" choice to go where they could.
"Get the facts. Then let me know if you still oppose vouchers as a means to get students out of rotten public schools."
Whoa thar fella....Ha!! I have some facts...not all the facts, but I got some of um. But some a dem thar facts r, as r uncle virgil used to yap...."slippery as boiled onions"....
I didn't say I opposed them....leastwise I don't think I said that. Did I? I said I support them for public schools....In other words...public school children should be able to go to the public school of their choice. And I suppose if you full-court pressed me...I'd say I'd support them for those private schools that would take the vouchers. Because of course those schools are free to do what they may do....as they are after all "private". And maybe that makes my wary stance...a moot one. And maybe I'm concerned about the elephant in the closet.....that's not really there. But experience tells me those laws of unintended consequences are valid laws, and that it's prudent to think that way. So I will "error" on that side, until I'm proven otherwise.
I'm ALL for getting kids out of rotten schools...I'm all for it. We have home schooled our's since 1988-89 so I certainly care enough to "do" something about it.
As always you make me think, and I'm better for it. Thanks & Best FRegards,
This is political warfare, and right now we are paying the salaries for the enemy army.
John / Billybob
"The main point is to cripple the NEA the AFT and all their state and local affiliated "edukashun" unions. Doing that will cripple the Democrats, who depend on that money stream. And that means getting money to move with the students to non-public, non-unionized schools. At the same time public schools will be closed, and public school teachers will be forced to seek other occupations."
My main point is that kids get the best possible education. It's a bonus...and a big one at that...when the NEA, AFT, and the Democrat party get's scuffed up in the process.
This is political warfare, and right now we are paying the salaries for the enemy army.
Best FRegards,
Best FRegards,
A new contract?
http://www.NewsAndOpinion.com |
A caller on the Rush Limbaugh show recently had an inspired suggestion for Republicans: Since the "Contract with America" was such a political success back in 1994, why not a Contract with Black America during next year's election campaign?
The original Contract with America promised that specific legislation on specific issues would be introduced and brought to a vote in Congress -- and that promise was kept. There are a growing number of important issues today on which the Republican position has more to contribute to the advancement of blacks than the position of the Democrats on those same issues.
Education is the most obvious example. Poll after poll shows that most blacks want school vouchers. But Democrats -- black and white alike -- bitterly oppose anything that would offend the teachers' unions, who are among their biggest political backers, in terms of money, votes, and the ability to mobilize precincts on Election Day with manpower and phone banks.
The teachers' unions are the 800-pound gorilla of the Democratic Party. So there is no way the Democrats can match what the Republicans can offer black parents on vouchers. But someone has to bring out that fact -- and a Contract with Black America would be one of the best ways of publicizing and dramatizing this difference between the parties.
It is not just on the need for school choice, but also the need for school discipline and school safety, that the Republicans can offer what the Democrats cannot. The kinds of liberal judges appointed or approved by Democrats have created so many "rights" for disruptive students that a few classroom clowns and hoodlums are able in many cases to destroy any hope of educating the rest of the students.
In an increasingly education-based and high-tech economy, lack of a decent education is a lifetime sentence to the bottom of the pile. Liberal judges and the American Civil Liberties Union may feel good about themselves for making it hard to expel or suspend disruptive students in ghetto schools, but the price of their little glow of self-righteousness will be paid by millions of other people -- for as long as they live.
Another exercise in self-righteousness by another key Democratic Party constituency is environmental extremism. When they make it an ordeal, and sometimes virtually impossible, to build homes or offices, for fear that some toad or worm will be inconvenienced, that means sky-high housing prices that working people cannot afford and fewer businesses to provide jobs that they need.
Census data make it painfully clear that blacks are being forced out of many communities where affluent liberal Democrats have had unchallenged control for years and have let the green agenda run amok. In such communities on the northern California coast, the numbers of blacks have fallen absolutely, even while the population as a whole has grown.
Liberal Democrats do a lot of talking about a need for "affordable housing." The time is overdue for Republicans to call them on it, expose their hypocrisy, and get out the message that there is no free lunch -- because those who end up having to pay are often those who can least afford the green agenda.
On these and other issues like crime control and gun control, Republicans hold the high cards and they just need to know how to play them. For at least a quarter of a century, Republicans have done a lousy job of getting their message out to blacks.
One reason is that so-called moderate Republicans have taken the lead on racial issues and have tried to win the black vote by offering watered-down versions of what the Democrats offer. The ultimate farce in this approach was last year's attempt by Senator Trent Lott to save his job as Majority Leader by going on Black Entertainment TV and being urged by Jack Kemp to schmooze with left-wing blacks like Kweisi Mfume.
Trying to be imitation Democrats is a strategy that has completely failed the Republicans for decades now. The time is long overdue to put their own principles in a contract and begin the process of making a coherent appeal to black voters -- one that is believable, as well as one that offers some real hope of racial progress.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


text:
|Lobster BLT ($13.75)
Whenever I'm visiting New York City, Pret A Manger is my go-to for a quick, cheap and healthy/organic lunch. They have the formula down pat. Sliced Gourmet brings a similar concept to Toronto with grab and go sandwiches and a made-to-order menu.
Both the Soups ($4.75 small) and Salads are made from scratch with the soups being sourced from Toronto soup-er star Ravi Soups.
Prepared full sandwiches or mix & match half sandwiches (above). I loved this concept at my beloved Pret A Manger. It will be nice to see more selection as this lunch spot grows and starts to find its footing. The sandwiches are made in-house everyday and can be paired with a selection of fresh squeezed juices. Sliced tries to use organic/local ingredients whenever possible. The meats are preservative and hormone-free which is a definite plus.
Yogurt Parfaits ($3.95) and assorted fresh salads
The Fig & Proscuitto Halfwich with ricotta cheese & wild flower honey drizzle ($4.75)
|Daily sweets & pastries
Sliced with definitely be a draw for the surrounding hospital and office crowd looking for a healthy alternative. It's also super convenient for those grabbing a Greyhound bus out of town. Visit them online at www.SlicedGourmet.com.


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Brazil In London @ Fairfield Halls
The Brazil In London exhibition will bring 21 artists from Brazil to Fairfield Halls in Croydon this September, with an opening night featuring the artists on 12th September.
The exhibition is being produced by Byron Mendes Produções and will feature the following artists:
Sheyla Ataíde
The exhibition will move to Paris' Galeria Everarts after the event at Fairfield Halls and the works will be on display there until the end of September.
12-17 September 2011, 6pm, FREE


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Makita DJV182Z 18v LXT Lithium-ion Cordless Brushless Jigsaw Body
Giving you the power of corded on the move, the brushless Makita DJV182 is the first step towards the next generation of cordless jigsaws, the brushless motor allows the user to achieve up to 50% increase in runtime per battery charge, meaning that you'll have plenty more time to get that precise finish that you're after.
This DJV182 is a Makita D handle jigsaw, which has a different design to its brother the DJV181, designed with a barrel handle. This model features a conveniently located trigger switch to operate and an electrical lock-off button atop the handle allowing you to lock on a function.
The soft start feature prevents the blade jumping when starting-up to reduce the risk of damaging the workpiece, whilst the 'Soft No Load' function automatically reduces the motor speed when the jigsaw is idle to suppress the vibration of the body.
The DJV182 jigsaw has a change lever for 3 orbital settings allowing for customised cuts, as well as a straight cut mode. The rigid aluminium base has a bevel range of 0° to 45° left and right.
A blower function helps to clear dust & debris from the cutting line, whilst a twin LED job light helps illuminate the workpiece in low light situations. A dust extractor can be attached to this brushless makita jigsaw by attaching the included nozzle to the sawdust exhaust port situated at the rear of the tool.
At just 266mm in length the DJV182 is incredibly compact and it weighs in at just 2.6Kgs when a battery is attached.
The Makita DJV182Z is sold as a tool body only and does not come with Batteries, Case or Charger!
3 Year Extended Makita Warranty.
The 3 year warranty applies to tools purchased on or after July 1st 2012.
Tools must be registered online (http://www.makitauk.com/service-web/login.html) within 30 days of purchase to qualify for the warranty extension otherwise a standard
1 year warranty will apply.
Any warranty claims outside of the 1st year but within the second or 3rd must be dealt with directly by Makita.
Excludes batteries, chargers, outdoor power equipment and airtools.
We offer delivery throughout the United Kingdom (including Northern Ireland, Isle of Anglesey, Isle of Wight, Scilly Isles and The Scottish Islands) and BFPO (UK Only)
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We'll drop a card through the door to let you know where we've left your parcel. If you're not in when we arrive with your delivery, we'll leave a card to tell you we've called. We will normally deliver again the next working day. If this isn't convenient for you, just call the number on the card and we'll arrange an alternative delivery day.
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To track your order online, go to 'My account' and click on 'View My Orders'. CLICK HERE
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Having unnecessary fat in different locations of your body can have a considerable influence on your health and self-confidence. While standard weight reduction through exercise and diet plan is an excellent method to reduce weight overall, even the best exercises cannot target issue locations like the tummy, inner thighs, arms, and buttocks. Liposuction is a time evaluated treatment that is used to get rid of excess fat from specific areas of the body, allowing an individual to form and contour their body to their liking. Is liposuction right for you? Discover now.
Pros of Liposuction
There are numerous benefits to this cosmetic procedure, including:
• Right away noticeable modifications. Unlike standard weight reduction, liposuction creates modifications that are right away noticeable in the body. Some difference is noticeable immediately, and the desired results are typically accomplished in just a few days.
• Proven and safe. This cosmetic treatment has been performed by seasoned cosmetic surgeons all over the world for several years and the strategy has been refined over and once again to be safe and reliable.
• Healing time is generally fast. The downtime required after having this type of treatment is typically much less than exactly what is needed for other types of cosmetic procedures, consisting of tummy tucks, breast reduction, and more. Individuals who have had the procedure can frequently return to work a lot more quickly than they prepared for and can get back to living a healthy, active way of life.
• Weight-loss can be long-term. With the best upkeep methods, the fat that was removed during the liposuction treatment will not return.
• Complete control over your body. With liposuction, an individual can have complete control over how they want to look, beyond what conventional diet and exercise can supply. Providing people this power over their bodies increases self-confidence and assistance individuals feel their best.
While there are numerous benefits to liposuction, there are of course a few caveats that must be taken into consideration before making the final decision to progress with the procedure.
Cons of Liposuction
Before having actually liposuction done, it is very important to examine the possible disadvantages of the treatment and figure out if the advantages surpass the threats in your specific case. Your specialist can help you learn more about the threats associated with the procedure and can assist you choose if moving on is the ideal thing for you.
• Complications with basic anesthesia. Since liposuction is performed under general anesthesia, the procedure brings the same dangers as any other kind of surgery where general anesthesia is utilized. Underlying medical conditions may increase these risks.
• Adverse reactions. Bruising, bleeding, and pain are all to be anticipated, however, in rare cases can trigger more considerable complications.
• The potential to acquire the weight back. After having liposuction done, it is important to keep a healthy diet and workout effectively as suggested by your physician. Failure to do so could cause gaining back the weight that was lost or potentially much more.
There are dangers associated with liposuction, for lots of people, the benefits far surpass them. Inform yourself about the treatment by having thorough conversations with your specialist and consider how liposuction has the potential to impact you as an unique person. Just you and your surgeon can identify if liposuction will provide you with the outcomes you are looking for within your expectations.
Laser Liposuction procedure is a new non invasive procedure to loose unwanted bodyfat in Bishop TX
Laser liposuction is a newer, minimally intrusive procedure that involves heating the fat cells to melting point and removing the melted fat through a little cannula. The procedure is typically done right in your doctor's office and is an exceptional alternative for individuals who have less than 500 ml of fat to remove from any one location. Laser liposuction can be a safe, complementary procedure to weight-loss in order to sculpt the body you've constantly desired.
Contact a Cosmetic surgeon in your Bishop TX today.
If you're considering liposuction as a weight reduction solution, it is very important that you discuss your desires with a certified plastic surgeon in your location. Your surgeon will carry out a total exam and health history survey to determine if liposuction can benefit you and assist you reach your physical and emotional goals. Call today for an assessment and learn more about how liposuction can assist you accomplish the body of your dreams.


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The last two surviving area golfers packed their bags Wednesday after they were eliminated from match play at the Canadian Men's Amateur Championship.
Christopher Ross of Dundas was defeated 4&2 by current Canadian Junior Champion Nick Taylor of Abbotsford, B.C. Ross was seeded 39th going into the tournament and Taylor was ranked 23rd.
Georgetown's Robbie Greenwell, seeded 52nd, went down 5&4 to Weyburn Sask., player and National Amateur Team member Graham DeLaet, ranked No. 4.
Meanwhile, Richard Scott asserted himself at the Mississaugua Golf and Country Club.
The defending champion from Kingsville, Ont. showed he is the man to beat as he cruised to a third-round 4&3 victory over Victoria's Craig Doell at the 102nd playing of the championship, conducted by the Royal Canadian Golf Association (RCGA).
After struggling in qualifying medal play, Scott has found the match-play grove that guided him to a pair of Canadian Amateur titles in the past three years. After knocking out number-two seeded Kris Wasylowich in his morning match, Scott took care of Doell – his National Amateur teammate – to earn a berth in Thursday morning's quarterfinals.
"I'm hitting the ball a lot better and am working on keeping my pace out there," said Scott, whose previous Canadian Amateur victories came at Shaughnessy Golf and Country Club in 2003 and last year at Bell Bay Golf Club in Baddeck, N.S. "My key to match play is taking it a hole at a time, trying to build momentum and concentrate on not giving holes away. When that happens I know I can (win) do it."
Scott had help on the bag during his afternoon match as his University of Georgia teammate Chris Kirk offered to help shoulder the load. Kirk, the number-two ranked collegiate amateur, was upset in his morning match by long-hitting Calgary native Ryan Yip. Kirk isn't the first big-name amateur to loop for Scott as the Kingsville native had a helping hand from former amateur standout James Lepp during last year's Amateur victory.
Ryan Yip proved that his morning upset of the world-ranked Kirk was no fluke as he followed it up with an impressive 5&3 victory over Winnipeg's Matthew Johnston during Wednesday's afternoon round of 16.
Taylor of Abbottsford, B.C. is also sending a message to the country's top amateurs as he continued his impressive run in his third round match. Before eliminating Ross, Taylor sent last year's junior champ, Mitchell Fox of Okotoks, Alta., home after the morning round.
Taylor will look to copy Fox's magical run from last year's Amateur in Baddeck, N.S. that saw the former Junior Boys champion advance all the way to the semi-finals.
Local standout Greg Doherty of Mississauga had his own impressive run stopped Wednesday afternoon as the former Juvenile Boys champion lost out 6&4 to Australian Ashley Hall. Hall, the top-seeded player remaining in the championship will look to become the first non-Canadian to win the title since American Dillard Pruitt in 2002. Hall heads into Thursday as the lone remaining international competitor in the hunt for Canada's national amateur title.
DaLaet's fellow National Amateur teammate James Love had his run ended Wednesday afternoon as Kevin Blue of Don Mills, Ont. beat out the long-hitting Calgary native 3&1.
The following are third-round afternoon match results for Wednesday, August 16 at the 2006 Canadian Men's Amateur Championship.
As part of the RCGA's Pathway to Champions, the Canadian Men's Amateur Championship will also see a pair of exemptions earned into the 2006 Canadian Open. Both the champion and runner-up will compete against the PGA Tour's finest September 4-10 when Canada's national Open championship marks its much-anticipated return to the Hamilton Golf and Country Club.
The amateur championship consists of both stroke and match play with the 36-hole final match set for Friday.


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Low-Cost Kitchen Crafts
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Latest Comments
"I saw this pattern and thought it would be great to go in my gift tins for my homemade spa sets for Christmas. I started the pattern but kept having trouble with the puff stitch. When I try to pull through the loop the hook gets stuck and pull a strand or two out making it look un-neat. Is there a way to prevent this? Could it be the yarn I am using?"
"I love this pattern for making dishcloths! It is so simple and it's so easy to remember. It makes a great,durable dishcloth. Does anyone tried this pattern with that new yarn that is made for making dishcloths? I think it might be a rayon blend. I'm going to try it next time I need dishcloths."
"This is a great beginner project, it was easy to follow and gave great instruction. I was able to work up several of these for co-workers who thought it was so cute. I am going to make several more for my home for company to use when they come over and have coffee."
"These spiral beaded trees are so pretty! For extra sparkle, I am going to place a battery tea light candle in the center of the spiral. Several of these trees would look great placed within a strand of twinkle or small rice lights on a mantle or table center piece!"
"That's a great idea!"
Hanging Recipe Holder
By: Debi Tullier for Craftwell
We are adding the craft to your Craft Projects.
The project was added to your Craft Projects.
Click here to view your Craft Projects.
Never again will you have to worry about losing that recipe card. Make this hanging recipe holder, using the eCraft electronic die cutting machine by Craftwell, and holiday cooking is as easy as pie. These also make great gifts to give a teacher.
- Bias tape trim or ribbon to sew along the edges
- eCraft Pro Software
- Leaf SVG's
- Acrylic liquid ink
- Sewing Machine or fabric glue
- Jewerly wire
- Wire cutters
- Using either ready made bias tape, ribbon, or a strip of fabric, sew or staple the vinyl on the edge and glue the trip around the sides and bottom.
- Select various leaf svg files to cut on your Cutting Machine.
- Set the pressure at the lowest setting. Leave the cap on and use no tabs. Use a vegetable cutting sheet for your image stablizer.
- Paint leaves with some acrylic inks to achieve whatever effect your desire.
- You can add some stability by double siding the leaves and adding a small wire to the inside once your leaves are dry.
- Place the leaves along the sides of your holder.
- Hot glue or stitch the leaves onto the recipe holder.
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Nov 30, 2013
Poor instructions. What is leaf svg's anyway?
Dec 01, 2013
charlottea: A leaf svg is a special file used by expensive die-cutting machines... that's something for people who have more money to spend than I do. susansdavis 1215958: I agree, these are very poorly written instructions. As to the size, I'd make it the size of most of my recipes... which aren't on cards at all, but on full sheets of paper 8.5 X 11 inches... so about 9 X 11.5 inches for the sheets of vinyl in my case. If you have recipe cards instead, then allow about half an inch larger than your cards in each direction, both height and width. If you make the holder the size of your largest recipe cards, smaller cards might be used in the holder too, but removing the card from the holder might be complicated if the holder is as large as mine would need to be and if you attempted to use a much smaller card in it - such as putting a 3 X 5 card in a full sheet holder. IMO, the creators of these "specialized" crafts have excluded many people from making their designs by not providing a template that we could use. Example: for hand-cutting the leaves to make the item without purchasing the danged machine.
susansdavis 121595 8
Nov 21, 2013
Why isn't the vinyl listed in the materials section? What type of vinyl is used? What size? I assume a pocket is being made for a recipe card to slide into, but the directions do not make that clear. Great idea, poor directions.
lorrie7859 8759186
Feb 19, 2012
This is one of those "Why didn't I think if that"s I have covered the little cards. But this is great! Especially for someone like me that doesn't see well and gets flour everywhere! Thanks for sharing ;)
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This pack has been put together to help children extend their understanding of the number system and place value to include larger integers.Children will begin to understand the relationships between fractions, decimals and percentages, also multiplication and division.Increasing their ability to solve a wider range of problems, utilising more demanding efficient written and mental methods of calculation.In this set you will also see the introduction of algebra as a means for solving a variety of problems.Contains 19 packs of cards and a FREE Flip-It! The card packs are:Odds, Evens, Primes and FactorsReal Life Money FractionsFirst Fractions, Decimals and PercentagesImproper Fractions to Mixed NumbersMixed Numbers to Improper FractionsMeasure CardsSimplifying FractionsCalculating AnglesOrdering Fraction SizesPlace Value Set 2Time/Speed/DistanceRounding Up and Down Set 2Squared and Cubed RootFirst AlgebraUnderstanding AlgebraSolving Simple EquationsMultiply and Divide by 10, 100 and 1000 (with Decimals)What's My Shape?Lowest Common Multiple
Good cards. A couple of the boxes were damaged. The packaging wasn't as good as my previous delivery.


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The Microbe Discovery Project outlines an ambitious new study by top researchers that has collected patient samples, but needs desperately funds to complete the work.
Discuss the article on the Forums.
Imaging study may show brain changes in Gulf War illness
Discussion in 'Other Health News and Research' started by Ecoclimber, Mar 20, 2013.


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Check out this video on what and why.
See quaternions, and also octonions then sedenions.
Creativity and Mathematics
Check out this video on what and why.
See quaternions, and also octonions then sedenions.
Fraudulent data never contains enough samples that start with the number one!
Via Wikipedia:
The Man Who Knew Infinity is a 2015 British biographical drama film based on the 1991 book of the same name by Robert Kanigel. The film stars Dev Patel as the real-life Srinivasa Ramanujan, a mathematician who after growing up poor in Madras, India, earns admittance to Cambridge University during World War I, where he becomes a pioneer in mathematical theories with the guidance of his professor, G. H. Hardy (played by Jeremy Irons).
How a CPU Works is a fun watch for just about anybody.
Thank you Theri DeJoode and @groomformen for a delightful Thursday.
It was fun and you did wonderful work.
If you utilize
use-package to install
smartparens and require
smartparens-config then do it like this:
(use-package smartparens-config :ensure smartparens)
This week I migrated to use-package and configured it incorrectly with something like this:
(use-package smartparens :ensure t :config (require 'smartparens-config))
Big giveaway: single-quote and backtick don't work correctly in strict mode! There are a lot of explanations of how to "fix this issue". It isn't an issue with smartparens. This is how I got it wrong; very easy mistake to make.
The desire to build my own personal computer has been growing. My requirements are non-existent. That has never stopped anyone before, right? Not going down to the silicon, it seemed the making it inexpensive and FORTH driven would be the best approach. Using nothing more than a television and a keyboard also seemed like a great idea. Everything else would be a distraction. Anything costing much would be a barrier. Tonight I came upon the FIGnition FUZE. This is my and surely your FORTH on a TV dream machine!
FIGnition FUZE is the definitive £20 educational DIY computer! It works like an 8-bit home Micro: outputting to composite video and ready to be interactively programmed from the moment you switch it on. FUZE now has bitmapped graphics; sprites, sound and audio saving/loading as well as 8Kb of RAM; 384Kb of storage; an 8-key keypad and runs a variant of FIG-Forth. It uses USB for power; firmware upgrades and program downloads.
Just read "What Can It Do?" and you will be drooling. Faster than every 80s box ever? Yes. External flash appears as re-usable disk? Yes. Graphics? Yes. Audio system for loading/saving data? Yes. The list goes on.
This is the vintage FORTH box that you have wanted to build all these years even though you didn't know it!
VIM is a perfect configuration of EMACS that has replaced Elisp with Vimscript and heavily utilizes transient keymaps and/or Hydras.
The purpose of EMACS is to provide an environment for the unlimited expression of your creativity in which you can revel in the definition of as many boundaries as you wish, and then exceed them, repeatedly.