text:
nilecity 105,6 websites
People Recommended Results
Win Prizes
Enter Coca-Cola® sweepstakes for a chance to win movies, games & more.
Sponsor: MyCokeRewards.com Rank 1, Recommendations are 983
babybluez says: this is a dead link!
justinboss123 says: ok
Nikkidco2002 says: Great site!
Chuckk says: Simple and easy!!!
cyndi48 says: great program. enter codes from Coke products & earn various rewards.
howulikemenowsuckaa says: ok
chantal3302 says: nice
kingjordon18 says: gj
madhattertom says: g
missjessy says: i used to get a lot of prizes from here
rtrr says: cool
rtrr says: nice
oreo says: awesome
rjn125 says: ok
deadriverchild says: great!
gracie_kyut says: love it
jcouture says: cool site
momofboys123 says: awesome
laceyhope says: Ok site. I like anything that rewards you.
quake12 says: ok
junglefrog says: good pics
kofmillenium says: blocked by sears.... again
eddypaco1 says: free things
bebakss says: jhgjghj
junglefrog says: fun
chuckles75 says: wasn't worth it to me
crispycream213 says: the best!!!
pardeep123 says: cvb vc bcvbvbvcb bcvbvcb bv bcb cbcvbc bcv
bachandroll1 says: they need more high end rewards
cap30 says: chala
abusymommy1 says: love coke rewards
asianmeng says: nice
nichao1984 says: good
ryan151515 says: ',l
wimbly11 says: Love!
ALargeDoooky says: nic
limperato313 says: cool
jogebean says: xcvbcv
SpencerHagan says: no
jrussell124 says: yea
angelartsy72 says: ad
lawnanoe says: cool prizes
angus6pounder says: shaya man
Sweetgoof says: site not available
worryfreeangel says: cool site
shaggy187 says: nice
riley says: cool
AnmolS says: kk
idontlikeyou says: good site.
angus5pounder says: wwwweeeeeeeeeeee
karebare912 says: looks good
dambestdoll says: ok
saadq2 says: never
ortegapimp123 says: coke rewards
ortegapimp123 says: not bad
kmort7 says: loved the website very interesting and easy to use
cyndi48 says: great site
nichao1984 says: good
karebare912 says: looks promising
laura_h says: didn't work
angus5pounder says: weeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee
thenextslash says: my coke rewards
babiya says: Babiya
metroid827 says: good site
Viper1414 says: awesome
Fasfrey says: cool
sik1 says: amazing
ravin0206 says: ok
junglefrog says: fun
Fasfrey says: cool
Fasfrey says: cool
junglefrog says: fun
junglefrog says: fun
junglefrog says: fun
faatima123 says: nice site cool,pics
intance says: ywtefd
intance says: asd
rishabhsach says: fsgfsdfsdfdas
dambestdoll says: ok
intance says: another link that doesnt work
chuckles75 says: ok
laceyhope says: Wish me luck. Good site.
intance says: not a working link ................
Bibliophile1123 says: doesnt seem worth it, but ill try anyway
surveymac6196 says: not at all what i was looking for
golem_2107 says: i love this site
awesomea11ison says: love coke points
awesomea11ison says: great site
skuitward says: good site
sammygolucky7 says: good
catjoe says: cool
camrymps says: coke
marcy says: good
matthewry4n says: never really tried it but i like it! :D
curtisD701 says: yay
curtisD701 says: yaay
tocrow7 says: Coke Rules!!
quake12 says: koool
darketto says: haven trid it
tennis123 says: sweet
Cepasa221 says: xz zx
Cepasa221 says: sgdgsd
cowgirlwith2babies says: great site
f4isal says: its a copy of coke zone
haddonfield13 says: awesome site, lots of fun, highly reccomended
catjoe says: yes
jmellor2 says: different
cpzure1001 says: luv it!!
Anonymous says: good
GoldenFlake says: takes a while to gain enough pts for good rewards
thesaints18 says: huh
diana282 says: good
in2chiefs says: Great!
dambestdoll says: ok
dambestdoll says: ok
danvas says: g
junglefrog says: fun
theguy2 says: It's Okay
dragonhurry says: get discounted tickets to SF
jianzhengyan1208 says: perfect
dna2009 says: sucks
in2chiefs says: Great place to get rewards!
mwilson6 says: ok
angel96 says: it is worth it you basically get paid back in prizes
wangnakie says: good
wade1234 says: yes best soda
jentyshay says: good website to sign up for if you drink alot of coke
dulaijin says: coke rewards woth it
peachs says: iouoir8iuyoiu464+
stratballa says: great site
thethunderclap says: cool place to earn points with coke
osama says: very good site
vaalpaiyen says: server not found!
Doris7788 says: good
lili66kk says: alright
cutie143md says: yum
kinnyee says: no
juggalo373 says: awesome site
1lfcfan8 says: Awesome site
superm705 says: nope
thenextslash says: bitch
timothyyen says: good
jsavila209 says: cool website
searphy says: nice
savingmynickels says: get free stuff!
cindychoy says: nice
rabideausheena says: I like this site
oubosarah says: good
venev27 says: it was alright
hexarfan says: ok
nandoos says: no
chubby416 says: uirnauaierr
nakita says: great site
yashp2594 says: free coke!!!
tintinr says: nice
limelime says: I like this reward website
bobbybrown151 says: cike is gud
smbobo4 says: love it
ghzheng says: good
luminajd says: great info
jojf says: ive already signed up
sundevil19888203 says: good layout, easy to get around
ccottino says: great
lovemybabies2009 says: If you buy coke already this site is great to get rewarded for it!
japanmaple says: Nice site with lots of info.
jojf says: good
emily58246 says: collect and win free stuff
amylwood says: great
florice says: my fun page
kamekaze says: the points are "EXTRAS" for you when you drink coke, it is NOT for you to get stuff
kamekaze says: do you normally drink coke? well heres some extras to grab when you do!!
searchcc says: i love this
smbobo4 says: love this site
GoldenFlake says: cool site
cutie143md says: sure
beibei0213 says: cool
Lcamis says: great web site!
thride123 says: not sure
dzhu19 says: Cool
Nikkidco2002 says: Nice
lili66kk says: alright
jojf says: yay now i can get a toaster
happyheart says: only USA
oriolechao says: good
libking says: ok
rinde says: cool
jojf says: yes 3 more points
tito123 says: dats koo
oohnooitzro says: awesome
DioNeeno says: cool
RRegina8 says: good
osama says: good
osama says: nice
callgauti says: good
vinotinto says: no thnx,
spec06 says: Not what I was looking for,
dojuko says: Great site !
dat1kid16 says: NOPE
mysticx says: raise prices and don't give advertised bonus points during promos
chickendog says: wish I was eligable for this
mesquzee says: no.. it des not work
naveenan says: fine
blkjak337 says: not what i wanted
jojf says: yay 612 points
kennan says: slkdjfk;lasjdfklasj
freestuffgirl says: I like this site and have gotten things from it
smbobo4 says: ok
dojuko says: site problem!
asianmeng says: cool
Libner says: nice
peachs says: fghfgfdghgfhdffg
peachs says: ggffgvdghjmgggcfgymn
peachs says: gufytdtdhggyuftuy
peachs says: hyugyytgytfytftrrf
erprakash says: nice prizes but you need to collect pins
erprakash says: another sweepstakes program
martshtml says: vool
trackstar1 says: i like what i see
bluemm says: good
bluemm says: good
setting123 says: i dont like this website
tigerlilly says: very nice yes
vacin8r says: not great
hw09 says: no
Taisho11 says: My coke rewards.com...
super12man says: Awsome
gillyboy says: oh
deathreaper13 says: they have rewards for these things!
hewhoisazn says: good company
hotdoggie1977 says: Didnt come up
narrakie says: great~
Pumas10 says: good
ginap73 says: i have gotten som great stuff from coke rewards.
rainbow3029 says: Love this site!
mdhope1 says: ok site
anubismort says: yes
fcj says: fun place
ectoplasmer3 says: Yeah.
IRAZOObot says: it was blank :(
carrot says: they need some better prizes but it cool when you get stuff just for drinking drinks you already drink
64mustanggirl says: iwanturcokerewards
LegoMum says: get points from your drinks and enter for free stuff
carrot says: yes get stuff just for entering codes
ra1d3rz321123 says: coke
MadisonY0 says: AWESOME WEBSITE
stetson says: If you're going to drink Coke products...might as well get a prize for doing it. They really never have anything worth the trouble of saving for anymore though.
MONEY11 says: good site
jpogdopp says: great site
Jesoral says: yes i like
stark2mac says: good site
davidgir123 says: fantastic if you like coke
watermelonxyz says: good
lotterino says: not a great rewards program
fun4 says: get rewards from any coke products
underthestars says: Great site!
trevnjohnsmama says: I love coke and I love coke rewards. Good stuff!
keekee says: awesome
fulleis says: i have won many things best ever!
collateral5 says: great
vangieadeh says: Nice but stupid weekly limit.
akbj says: good site if you drink coke & buy it by the case, you can earn extra drinks.
gracie53 says: easy
itsamandarae says: ok
somarath says: best one
jsmith1978 says: coke rewars rocks
gupta123 says: good website!!!
k_juice_t says: if you drink coke
Nat1veb17ch says: good info
ixpickxmyxnose says: Coca Cola, is awesome!
thompsonmarine says: awesome
LegoMum says: free stuff for drinking coke
sumph says: great site
dove321 says: you can get some great things drinking Coke
ddman11395 says: very nice website
alixj18 says: nah
BNel says: pretty good prizes offered
seapotato says: cool
nygirlmm1 says: love this site
jdsr2407 says: easy prizes
pulley182 says: great!!!!!!
jfairgrieve says: !
pokemonrulez says: its good but the suck thing is that you have to buy cokes
pinkhotty says: its good
cyberrat says: love this site
guero2256 says: yes
vangieadeh says: Don't like the limitations but it's free stuff
Josie101 says: love this website!
fourduans says: good site
gavingen1cyde says: coke is yumm in my nose:0
thompsonmarine says: awesome
desertlover says: got 403 forbidden
mrschiro says: ok
MRSSHAR1 says: yes
yaya434 says: good job,easy and fast
Farneze says: No
lastquarter says: ok
tightwadmommy says: nice
bikerider14 says: Lovve this site
MattRidy95 says: RADDD
rhiannon123 says: This site is a good one.
lovinmamaxo says: love it!
summy23 says: good
gmgret says: Good site.
cosmicrobot says: always coca cola
kc702 says: Use your points here!
SweetieAbby says: my new fave site
k_juice_t says: my coke rewards rock
wantfreestuff101 says: cool
EmHugs23 says: great rewards
somarath says: ok
Queeney83 says: great site
minypablo says: very good site
mail2neha13 says: good
vangieadeh says: You can enter too FEW points a week to win anything good anytime soon
bashar711 says: www.mystepstomoney.com
conniedoorknob says: great site
tj52 says: this is ok, but i recomend irazoo!
goodygoody says: save coke pts earn rewards
asbnk says: coke
niniski says: one of my favs
pulley182 says: awesome site!!!
asbnk says: good website
nicolema83 says: fun
searchguy says: well i think coke awesome and yummy and this sites with coke hmmmmm coke this sites awesome!!!!!
anirban says: recommended
anil11 says: nice results
tenzin123 says: I love it!
tj52 says: nice site. recommended by me
marie80 says: good rewards, fun site
janene says: good
rhiannon123 says: great drink
selkie305 says: Drink Coke, get rewards!
kidownage says: pizza oie t
dshin923 says: cool
SNSNOW says: earn free coke products
cajje5 says: great site if you drink lots of coke
bassfisher says: great site
frannyangel says: good website
ingaa014 says: good
treefrogs2 says: good site!
conniedoorknob says: great site
tazztj says: wow
jenteachtwo says: Good site if your a soda drinker
pyungahn1 says: loved this site
love2walk says: Love the extras
mrsshar1 says: yes
its4hry says: not what i meant
nessa says: :)
kimble2eyes says: Great stie
danerbug12 says: yes
melissaainsworth says: great for rewards
jeaniadills69 says: great site
junglefrog says: cool
catfish5554 says: cool one
cyberrat says: did not open
luffy323 says: good
mimidavid2 says: good
ClementineJane says: my coke rewards
zacura95 says: fkdls;fk
dontblftbhnd says: free stuff is always cool
jenny0214 says: funny
somarath says: ok
mckenziews says: y
amccain says: What fun!
OiOi says: okay
raaga123 says: good
luisfv says: k
asdzxcvbqw says: Coke is bad. So is this rap. Lol jk jk jk.
SurveyGrl says: gotta get into this
mistyslady1998 says: gotta start
limachina says: yes
hgcreal says: great prizes
tomsc1 says: good site
shan2085 says: fun site
jdsr2407 says: easy and fun
StilettoSuicide says: wrong site, american version
piggysun says: good
kimbertini says: good
jeaniadills69 says: great site
bhuff5 says: I LOVE COKE
ericthesleeper says: might as well join if you drink coke. some decent rewards
bhuff5 says: drink coke get rewarded
lisamclarke says: love it
TheCouponQueen says: great
spaceman says: cool
mysticwench says: love free coke
etboston says: hgfh
rbutcher2 says: Can be a good reward site sometimes
Janene says: Good Site
angelenaraines says: love it
Jennyfer says: free 12pks for 240pts!!
pinkieleigh says: cool
stephsmith says: some really nice rewards offered on this site
maybe says: great site
denise300 says: did not work for me
sweetdunne25 says: forbidden
limachina says: n
limachina says: yes
christymorris says: great sight to win stuff
larl says: 403 forbidden
tonyaznli says: cool
marykatesmomma says: good site
thewisz says: ...
pyungahn1 says: great site
persnickity says: this has NOTHING to do with my search
bhuff5 says: have a coca-cola
michelled says: yes
goblueguy11 says: bad website
topthis says: takes a LOT of points to get something worthwhile...
Jennyfer says: yes!!
eatpizza01 says: yes
angelartsy72 says: very nice!
collateral5 says: Hard to earn anything
kesttra71 says: I love the prizes
pyungahn1 says: great site
capripor says: awesome prized
bluegemini10 says: great website you should totally use it
Babna says: hmmmm
lovemyrattys says: I've gotten a ton of free stuff, totally legit site!
mysticwench says: great site
ciao_from_missdawn says: fun sit eif you drink lots of coke products
sunnyjai says: a
esd921 says: Great way to earn freebies for stuff you buy anyway!
Morrell101 says: ALREADY SIGNED UP
pikachux4 says: saa
yzykg says: fdafasf
jblieves says: bad
michelled says: yes
sugarhigh316 says: no
Cris1104 says: now
srujana_181 says: good
stupidog says: good
LaurenD says: rewards
sdk6714 says: ok
stark2mac says: best soda ever!
Morrell101 says: fix these page declines to load stuff
ibungo27 says: good
zacura95 says: fdfaf
taisho11 says: instant! =0
ustclgd says: good site
silpa123 says: GOOD SITE
Mommysbaby says: My Coke Rewards is great
REVERENDRICK says: Great rewards
eatpizza01 says: no
jordan252624 says: You can get prizes for drinking soda which is cool.
shutterf says: love it
vangieadeh says: take advantage
sweetiekayk says: cool
harajukunay says: coca collaaaaaaaaaaa!!!!
hisgirl08 says: love coke rewards
alanhacm says: ok
eladbeaty says: good site
chranglee says: good deals
ljj4749 says: good site
its4hry says: great
nandoos says: no
puffy0 says: great way to earn free stuff
puffy0 says: forbidden
lisense says: Drink Coke® & Enter Points to Instantly Win Prizes & Rewards.
coldbudweisers says: great site
MaxCristian94 says: its good
dinalou says: nice
cirl3bug says: i like it
megsh says: like this
jhuna says: .
MaxCristian94 says: good
nightweaver says: lame site lol
ramjose says: I always go on this!
bwollam says: not at this site
orighammer says: Coke rewards. Worth it of you drink a lot of coke.
sweetiekayk says: cool
smileycanuck says: great site to earn with
hisgirl08 says: nope
CodeSS says: good
kellybelly0513 says: fun site to get points
fun4 says: coke rewards
homeschoolmom67 says: what does this have todo with it?
smokeyssmokette says: yumm
sharp says: get rewarded for purchasing coca cola products
sw0454 says: love this
megsh says: excellent
michael85225 says: Loads very slow but seems legit.
sdk6714 says: ok
RAZZLEDAZZLE says: COKE IS IT
dinalou says: fine
solom says: no
dinalou says: yeah
reb1 says: ok
Joshua1111 says: it's good
KhaoticFox says: its free stuff
BIGDEKO says: good
shan2085 says: good site
irazooisawesome321 says: gf
mmhi says: Fun site
rlbp2002 says: okay site
berrypie says: Great site. Very simple to redeem points.
cavesprings says: nice perk for drinking coke
ErinRN1980 says: fine
lyndam says: cool
maronk82 says: fun
nyse888 says: vg
iTzKiNG says: gg
mlb19_2_35 says: official reward site
candlecat says: point program
yosimitepeg says: learn to make designs
77nas says: ok
berrypie says: great site. Really easy to get points
wkyu says: Get High Speed Internet, Phone & TV. Only $33/mo each. $275 Gift Card
rmortier says: ce place to earn rewards
heycinderella says: nice
berrypie says: great website
riffs123 says: ok
GrannyQs says: OK
Awakenow says: great way to earn points
glitter24 says: love free stuff
eve252 says: looks ok
christyn says: cool
abortion4life says: Will look into
yaya434 says: easy and fast
Monkie says: good!
berrypie says: Coke rewards it's great
buford199 says: good
mmhi says: fun site
artshow1 says: great
binaone says: love it
tootieandme says: get them
santorac says: mycokerewards
amychristineslater says: Great sweepstakes
sueconley1 says: free stuff from stuff that you already buy. great.
misslissa says: I love my coke rewards!
GECM says: nice
amychristineslater says: Coke is King
krickster says: If you drink alot of their product then you can score some decent stuff.
krenzer24 says: easy way to earn points for freebies
WIguy12341 says: can be rewarding
omnipresent says: fuck this site to
eve252 says: looks good
chenyan127 says: interesting site
HeatherH says: I love getting free things with my codes.
smubar01 says: nice
Tlscorpio10 says: Great for coke products and rewards
giancarloandtyty says: love this site
kwans1217 says: great
wkyu says: Request Our Catalog Online & Get a 10% Off Coupon to Start Shopping
esmolenski3 says: great!
jzrocker says: free stuff
Roar17 says: Nice.
HeatherH says: I've earned so many things from here!
dakotamidnight says: site didn't load
sara01 says: icoke
almostheathen says: great
BNel says: great
wanda297 says: Huh! Who knew?
donnablue60 says: great
pbh1974 says: i love this rewards program
jaguar1 says: sounds great
earnprizes says: great site
r10boy says: nivce
WyldBill says: ok
annamla says: Great if you drink coca cola brand drinks
tpeters says: alright
imolly says: need these ponits but like the site too
ohdeer says: like
Kunou123 says: interesting point system they got here
canven says: ?
luffy323 says: goods
Wonnetz says: Great Site!
canven says: ?
collateral5 says: g
ina3900 says: good
earnprizes says: good site
dflytv11 says: yeah!
canven says: ??
canven says: ??
77nas says: .
tmonkey20 says: better than the canadian site
canven says: ??
caleb0829 says: easy
anthonyxd says: hahaha
ina3900 says: ok
berrypie says: Great rewards Program
berrypie says: Great rewards program. All you have to do is drink coca cola products and enter the codes underneath the caps. That easy
nigem says: good
keekee says: ok
canven says: ??
rocayan says: good site
canven says: ??
NatashaS says: Great rewards!!
yoitstin says: ok
canven says: ??
canven says: ??
REVERENDRICK says: OK
jzrocker says: awesome
wtm12 says: love coke and prizes
wtm12 says: NICE!!!!1
mmhi says: good
pomegranate says: great site
ba187 says: GPPD
freshribesh says: great
lexar1 says: ok
spaceman says: nice
ryanclassen says: a
jcutie06 says: Some awesome things you can win with points!
berrypie says: Good site!
pixistick1605 says: Awesome
selkie305 says: cola
csequoia says: n o
eastereb says: love this stuff
kin01 says: cool
baldoboy62 says: very good
oregongirl114 says: wow
silentvirtue says: ok
dshon says: cool..
ruisenior says: swag coke
k80mk says: yes!
Puerto Rico - Wikipedia
Includes history, geology, geography, politics, economy, demographics, culture, municipalities, and more.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Rico Rank 2, Recommendations are 41
Willy_Wonka says: yeah Puerto Rico
opiapr says: good info
deckerbm says: Kumaargiri and some greasemonkeygiri
kbank2001 says: good and interesting info
keiths001 says: Would like to visit
vangieadeh says: Good info
lvlc says: super
JLyriqz says: If you want to learn a little more about puerto rio. this can give you great info
SOC4567 says: SPECIFIC
amoore says: y
kevooxx says: ok
DusktoDawn says: good basic info
lolalola623 says: Ok
rawrrromel says: nice site
sosoxoxo says: ooo
capybaratoo says: puerto rico info
babysitter0123 says: ok
majen says: good
majen says: good
cavvy says: interesting
Madhuri18 says: no
Tythegent says: cool
daquita77 says: 1
Debbie_Lou says: y
Frugal Freebies: More free money - Zoombucks! (ALL)
ShopAtHome - Get 150,000+ free online coupon codes, restaurant coupons, printable ... double win - I typed a word into Swagbucks and won 10, then I typed it into Zoombucks ...
http://www.frugal-freebies.com/2010/08/more-free-money-zoombucks-all.html Rank 3, Recommendations are 34
tomatt says: good info
nicolema83 says: love this blog
jaelyn says: Jury still out on this one
mdininio says: great blog
winnbucks says: good one
mommachick2004 says: good site
ieatcandy32 says: yeah yeah w.e.
pagirl10 says: I like freebies
MasterOfPuppets says: iRazoo is better.
kimisfishing says: great info
momof1 says: lot's of helpful information
Bd200789 says: good site
amccain says: i love freebies
gracie53 says: yes
whazup says: cool site
irisiroosaurus says: hmm
nababcock says: good
msweig says: great site!
vangieadeh says: True info
chgib says: I don't recommend Zoombucks unless you like doing a lot of surveys.
lotosz says: g
torch71 says: nice suggestions
CHOCKO says: NOT FOR ME
yangzi says: Takes too long
nacnac253 says: good info
Monksmom says: recommend
Internet Radio
Enjoy Live Internet Radio. 100% Free.
Radio.Radiopi.com Rank 4, Recommendations are 18
status4 says: site down
maxiglesias says: This is nice!
d456gak says: love this site
liducas says: cant open the site
eve252 says: no
vangieadeh says: have no opinion not installing
spungehead says: certainly to the point
boogid says: nope
mulingbear says: good
University of California, Berkeley - Wikipedia, the free ...
... at Cal. Robert McNamara and Frederick C. Weyand are graduates of Cal's ROTC program. The Board of Regents ended compulsory military training at Berkeley in 1962. ...
fizban717 says: a
yaomingjr3232 says: ok
courtney4ever says: good info
wannasave6 says: very informative
baconfly says: educational
jsehl says: d
redstar2 says: good info
eternaltorture says: good
B2M2W2 says: Rocky Mountain Mr. & Ms. Magazine
sngrl482 says: m
105 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
105. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Jump to: navigation, search. This article is about the year 105. For other uses, see 105 (number). Millennium: ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/105 Rank 6, Recommendations are 12
poo18 says: good website
quake12 says: koool
majen says: good
frannyangel says: no
nightweaver says: ew
icemaster1996 says: ew
icemaster says: ew
The One and Only LIVE 105 - The Bay Area's Alternative Rock ...
The Kevin And Bean LIVE 105 SUV Hitting The Streets! view gallery
http://live105.radio.com/ Rank 7, Recommendations are 7
rawrrromel says: good site
peep says: ok
frannyangel says: no
icemaster says: ew
Houston Literary Magazine Tries to Convince the IRS It's Not ...
NANO Fiction, a bi-annual publication of ... NANO Fiction, a bi-annual publication of "flash fiction, prose poems, and micro essays of 300 words or fewer," is holding a fund ...
http://blogs.houstonpress.com/hairballs/2011/08/nano_fiction_irs_porn.php Rank 8, Recommendations are 6
pilot502 says: f
G105 - The Hit Music Channel
LABOR DAY WEEKEND HOURS Picking Up A Prize? ... Lead in lipstick, but no FDA standard. The FDA found an average lead level in lipstick more than 10 times higher than ...
www.g105.com Rank 9, Recommendations are 5
Vietnamese Drug Centers: Forced Labor, Human Rights ...
Vietnam subjects patients at so-called "drug rehabilitation centers" to abuse and forced labor, according to an international human rights group which called for the ...
http://www.tokeofthetown.com/2011/09/vietnamese_drug_centers_forced_labor_human_rights.php Rank 10, Recommendations are 4
nightweaver says: ew
nightweaver says: ew
icemaster1996 says: ew
icemaster1996 says: ew
McDonald's to Serve English Pub Burgers: Is Fillet of Fish ...
The English Pub Burger is an Angus third-pound burger, garnished with hickory-smoked bacon, white cheddar and American cheeses, grilled onions, steak sauce, and smoky ...
http://blogs.browardpalmbeach.com/cleanplatecharlie/2011/07/mcdonalds_to_serve_english_pub_burger.php Rank 11, Recommendations are 4
pilot502 says: f
rawrrromel says: good site
rawrrromel says: good site
pilot502 says: f
Go Country 105 - Southern California's Country Station
"Country Strong" premier in Nashville and CMA's. Enter now for your chance to win a trip to ... Go Country 105 wants you to Reba perform songs from her new album ...
www.gocountry105.com Rank 12, Recommendations are 3
newmom says: yes
rawrrromel says: i like this site
Power 105.1 fm - R&B, Hip Hop & Back in the Day Joints
New in NY on Power 105.1, the ONLY station that gives new and unsigned artists ... 411: Power 105.1 Mobile | Concerts | News On Demand | Music News | Current ...
www.power1051fm.com Rank 13, Recommendations are 3
mj145 says: 1058
105 degrees, Oklahoma City - Restaurant Reviews - TripAdvisor
"I could eat here three times a day. The avocado portabella slider with cashew cheddar ..." · "My boyyfriend surprised me with this wonderful eatery for ...
http://www.tripadvisor.com/Restaurant_Review-g51560-d1536682-Reviews-105_degrees-Oklahoma_City_Oklahoma.html Rank 14, Recommendations are 2
OhMandy86 says: nice info
Jon Huntsman net worth: $16-$105 million
Huntsman's campaign has been mired at the bottom of the polls and reportedly has struggled to raise money. And he has already indicated that he loaned it "a ...
http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0911/63130.html Rank 15, Recommendations are 2
nightweaver says: ew
icemaster1996 says: ew
New Channel Master DVR records OTA, streams Vudu but not Netflix
Cutting the cable can be done, but one of the toughest challenges is replacing live TV programs, like sports and local news. We've long been advocates of over-the-air ...
http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-20103986-1/new-channel-master-dvr-records-ota-streams-vudu-but-not-netflix/ Rank 16, Recommendations are 1
icemaster says: ew
105 kpa in boost ve table (cos3)
I have a quick question. Do the 105kpa from the main ve table and boost ve table have ... I suspect you "could" make it higher. But it really should be the same just ...
http://forum.efilive.com/showthread.php?13431-105-kpa-in-boost-ve-table-(cos3) Rank 17, Recommendations are 1
myth421 says: ok
Hardy handed UFC 105 boost
DAN HARDY has been handed a massive boost after his UFC 105 clash with Mike Swick was bumped up the bill. The welterweight bout will precede Randy Couture's light ...
http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/sport/ufc/2672404/Dan-Hardy-handed-UFC-105-boost.html Rank 18, Recommendations are 1
myth421 says: ok
i/o Raises $105 Million to Boost Global Expansion « Data ...
i/o Raises $105 Million to Boost Global Expansion April 4th, 2011 : Rich Miller
https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2011/04/04/io-raises-105-million-to-boost-global-expansion/ Rank 19, Recommendations are 1
myth421 says: ok
USCCB - NAB - Psalm 105
Psalms Chapter 105 1 1 Give thanks to the LORD, invoke his name; make known among the peoples his deeds! 2 Sing praise, play music; proclaim all his wondrous deeds!
http://www.usccb.org/nab/bible/psalms/psalm105.htm Rank 20, Recommendations are 1
majen says: good
Sony DCR-DVD105 review - Handycam Camcorders
Quick links to useful Expert Reviews for Sony Handycam DCR-DVD105 describing pros and cons. User sentiment in Forums. Download to User Guide and Manual
http://www.retrevo.com/s/Sony-DCR-DVD105-Camcorders-review-manual/id/201ag108/t/1-2/ Rank 21, Recommendations are 1
crysz says: i love this camera
Sony Handycam DCR-DVD105 Specs - Digital Camcorders - CNET ...
CNET Reviews' in-depth product review includes full specifications of the Sony Handycam DCR-DVD105. Read detailed specs along with user opinions, the CNET Editors' Rating ...
http://reviews.cnet.com/digital-camcorders/sony-handycam-dcr-dvd105/4507-6500_7-31649591.html Rank 22, Recommendations are 1
crysz says: looks like a good camera
DCR-DVD105 | DCR-DVD105 DVD Handycam ® Camcorder | Sony ...
1. Actual battery life may vary based on product settings, usage patterns and environmental conditions. Designed for use with compatible Sony InfoLithium® batteries.
http://store.sony.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?storeId=10151&catalogId=10551&langId=-1&productId=11038668 Rank 23, Recommendations are 1
crysz says: love the specs
SS-105 S-1 - Military Shoulder Patches of the U.S.
(SS-105: dp. 854 (surf.), 1,062 (subm.) ; l. 219'3"; b. 20'8"; dr. 15'11" (mean); s. 14.5 k. (surf.), 11 k. (subm.); cpl. 38; a. 4 21" tt., 1 4"; cl. S-1)
http://ranger95.com/navy/submarines/diesel_subs/ss105_s1.htm Rank 24, Recommendations are 1
drizzt says: nice ship site
105 (number) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
105 (one hundred [and] five) is the natural number following 104 and preceding 106. ?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/105_(number) Rank 25, Recommendations are 1
frannyangel says: no
105 BAY Dr #105, ITASCA, IL 60143 | MLS# 06984437
3 bed, 2.5 bath townhouse located at 105 BAY Dr #105, ITASCA, IL 60143. MLS# 06984437. View the sold MLS listing to see sale price and other property details from the MLS.
http://www.redfin.com/IL/Itasca/105-Bay-Dr-60143/home/18173800 Rank 26, Recommendations are 1
asbnk says: ok
Bay Court 105 - Oceanview house - North Topsail Beach ...
8 bedrooms, 7 bathrooms sleeps 34. Oceanview house. 105 Bay Court North Topsail Beach Topsail Island
http://www.rentabeach.com/1011006 Rank 27, Recommendations are 1
asbnk says: ok
105 Bay Court, Topsail Island Rental, 6br+, sfhr
View Larger Map: Details for 2010:-$200.00 Pet Fee-$120.00 Hot Tub drain and fill (mid-off season). Free in Prime!-Free linens!-Free rooftop pool heat (mid)! closed ...
http://www.treasurerealty.com/rentals/106bay/106bay.htm Rank 28, Recommendations are 1
asbnk says: ok
AKT A KILANG DAN JENTERA, 1967 Peraturan-peraturan (Pemberitahu
jkj-105 : 1/2 akt a kilang dan jentera, 1967 ... jkj-105 : 1/2 akt a kilang dan jentera, 1967 ...
http://www.docstoc.com/docs/21340772/AKT-A-KILANG-DAN-JENTERA-1967-Peraturan-peraturan-(Pemberitahu Rank 29, Recommendations are 1
A-105 (SA-10) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A-105 was the third flight of an operational Saturn I and was the last in the series of Saturn I flights.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-105_(SA-10) Rank 30, Recommendations are 1
Radio 105 Network - Radio Online - Tv Online - Streaming TV
Se hai un iPhone, un iPad o uno smartphone Android, scarica subito la nuova APP di Radio 105, o aggiorna l'APP che hai gia' scaricato. Puoi ascoltare la diretta e ...
http://www.105.net/index.php Rank 31, Recommendations are 1
juliesacia says: 105
Movin' 107.7 FM: AC Rythmic; Magic 105.3: Classic Hits; 750+ Radio Stations ... SOCIAL CONNECTIONS: Follow Kiss FM Virginia!
http://www.kissfmvirginia.com/ Rank 32, Recommendations are 1
peep says: ok
Kiss 95.9 - Kiss 95.9 - Today's Hit Music
Beyonce's white hot wedding in her new video! Plus: Reese Witherspoon's tattooed ... CONNECT WITH KISS 95.9
http://www.kiss959fm.com/ Rank 33, Recommendations are 1
peep says: ok
Kiss 105 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kiss 105 was an dance music radio station based in Leeds, West Yorkshire. It was part of a new breed of regional radio stations as opposed to independent local radio.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiss_105 Rank 34, Recommendations are 1
peep says: ok
D.C. weather Tuesday: It will feel above 100 degrees today
... heat index – a wind-chill analogue based on the way humidity produces "feels-like" temperatures above the actual readings – is expected to reach up to 105 degrees.
http://www.wjla.com/blogs/weather/2011/05/d-c-weather-tuesday-it-will-feel-above-100-degrees-today-11121.html Rank 35, Recommendations are 1
OhMandy86 says: nice info
Academy | Matthew Kenney
"Join us to make the world a healthier place." The Matthew Kenney Academy is the nation's first and only state licensed Raw Foods Academy.
http://www.kenneycuisine.com/academy/ Rank 36, Recommendations are 1
OhMandy86 says: nice info
Bakuman 105 - Read Bakuman 105 Online - Page 2
Bakuman 105 - Read Bakuman 105 Manga Scans Page 2. Free and No Registration required for Bakuman 105
http://www.mangareader.net/219-58065-2/bakuman/chapter-105.html Rank 37, Recommendations are 1
Iwazzaru says: great manga
Power 105.1 fm - New York's Hip-Hop & R&B
New York's Hip Hop & R&B ... Khloe K reacts to nip slip, Katy Perry's 'slut jam' and more!
http://www.power1051fm.com/main.html Rank 38, Recommendations are 1
CHOCKO says: LIKE IT
Amazon.com: Allied 59045 105 Pc. Home & Auto Tool Set: Home ...
Amazon.com: Allied 59045 105 Pc. Home & Auto Tool Set: Home Improvement ... Denali 115-Piece Home Repair Tool Kit by Denali
http://www.amazon.com/Allied-59045-Home-Auto-Tool/dp/B00009K761 Rank 39, Recommendations are 1
carroll says: good review
CKRY-FM - country 105 105.1 FM Calgary, AB - Listen Online
CKRY-FM - country 105 105.1 FM Calgary, AB - listen online, schedule, location, contact and broadcast information
http://tunein.com/radio/country-105-1051-s31290/ Rank 40, Recommendations are 1
newmom says: ok
Today's Country: Country 105 FM Today's Country: Country 105 ...
Country 105 Featured Video ... You are seeing the 4 most ... Calgary, AB
http://www.country105.com/?ref=dizinler.com Rank 41, Recommendations are 1
newmom says: ok
55 Ridge Dr, Senoia, GA 30276
2 bath, 1266 sq. ft. house located at 55 Ridge Dr, Senoia, GA 30276. View sales history, tax history, home value estimates, and overhead views.
Today's Country: Country 105 FM - Fun Stuff
The Calgary Stampeders want YOU to join them sideline at the Stamps home games! ... Take Country 105 with you wherever you go. Check it out! Country 105 Blogs. Find out ...
Mabis CompMist Compressor Nebulizer System
The CompMist Compressor Nebulizer delivers aerosol medication ... 40-105-000: Weight: 4.6 lbs. Particle Size: 0.5 ... Questions on Mabis CompMist Compressor Nebulizer System
http://justnebulizers.com/mabis-compmist-compressor-nebulizer-system.html Rank 44, Recommendations are 1
Apple Gazette Daily 105 – iPhone Voice App a Fake? Plus iMac ...
You are here: Home / iPhone / Apple Gazette Daily 105 – iPhone Voice App a Fake? ... Apple Gazette Daily 105 – iPhone Voice App a Fake? Plus iMac news and ...
Also try these related topics:jack fm kansas city 105.1 baba radyo dinle vibe city 105 trinidad 105.6 fm city 105.1fm 105.6 radio station 106.5 food city 105
Return to interesting sites keyword index


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|May 11, 2004
|Filing date
|Apr 25, 2002
|Priority date
|Apr 25, 2002
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Marlene L. Paul, Robert Glick
|Original Assignee
|Advanced Medical Optics, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (19), Referenced by (10), Classifications (11), Legal Events (14)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to methods of improving the adherence and/or centering of intra-corneal implants to the corneal bed. More particularly, the invention relates to methods for pre-treating intra-corneal implants so that the implants, after being placed in contact with the cornea, effectively self-center and adhere to the corneal bed, for example, without sutures.
Various treatments are known for correcting corneal refractive errors. The use of lasers, for instance, to reshape the cornea by removing corneal tissue, has become increasingly popular in recent years. However, the removal of tissue can result in loss of the structural integrity of the cornea, and can also cause bulging.
Furthermore, once corneal tissue has been removed, it can not easily be restored. Thus, laser vision correction is substantially irreversible.
The need for a reversible treatment which does not adversely affect the structural integrity of the cornea has led to the use of intra-corneal implants, which do not require the removal of tissue. Instead, a single small incision is made in the cornea to make a flap or hinge, which is then folded back to expose the middle layer of corneal tissue known as the stromal bed. A corrective lens, typically formed of hydrogel material, is placed on the stromal layer. Then the flap is returned to its initial position and smoothed over the lens.
Various techniques have been used for affixing the lens to the cornea once it has been embedded. In some cases, sutures are used. Other techniques eliminate sutures, but rely on a very close match between the curvature of the lens and the curvature of the recipient's eye. None of these techniques have been entirely satisfactory, resulting in some slippage between the lens and the cornea, and improper positioning in the eye.
Therefore, it would be advantageous to develop methods and apparatus for enhancing the adherence and/or centering of intra-corneal implants on the corneal bed.
New apparatus and methods for treating intra-corneal implants to enhance centering and adherence have been discovered. The present invention addresses one or more of the concerns of the prior art systems, such as those noted above. Moreover, the present methods are straightforward, relatively easy to produce, use and practice, and provide substantial benefits to both the surgeon implanting the intra-corneal implants, and the patient receiving the implants.
In one broad aspect of the invention, a partially hydrated lens is provided for implantation into the stroma of a cornea. The partially hydrated lens comprises an amount of fluid selected to create an osmotic pressure gradient with respect to fluids in the cornea. This osmotic pressure gradient enhances adhesion of the lens to the cornea. In addition, the lens is configured to expand and flatten as it absorbs water from the cornea, naturally centering itself prior to flattening.
In another broad aspect of the invention, the partially hydrated lens is packaged in a hypertonic hydrating solution.
In still another broad aspect of the invention, a method of treating refractive errors in a cornea comprises implanting a partially hydrated lens formed of a hydrophilic polymeric material lens into the cornea, wherein the osmotic pressure differential between the partially hydrated implant and the cornea causes the implant to adhere to the cornea. In one embodiment, the step of implanting the partially hydrated lens is preceded by a step of wetting a pre-hydrated lens with a hypertonic aqueous hydration medium. In another embodiment, the step of implanting the partially hydrated lens is preceded by a step of drying a more hydrated lens.
Each and every feature described herein, and each and every combination of two or more of such features, is included within the scope of the present invention provided that the features included in such a combination are not mutually inconsistent.
These and other broad aspects and advantages are set forth in the following detailed description and claims, particularly when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like parts bear like reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a lens according to the present invention in its equilibrium state;
FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken through line 2—2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view, similar to FIG. 2, showing the lens according to the present invention in a partially hydrated state.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged axial, cross-sectional view showing the partially hydrated lens of FIG. 3 immediately after implantation into the stroma of a cornea.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged axial, cross-sectional view, similar to FIG. 4, showing the implanted lens in its equilibrium state.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a packaging arrangement including the lens of the present invention.
Referring now to the drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2 show an exemplary lens or intra-corneal implant 10 structured to be implanted in a cornea, preferably in the stroma of the cornea. For the purposes of this disclosure, the terms "lens" and "implant" are used substantially interchangeably, with "lens" generally being used to refer to the lens 10 in its pre-implanted state, and "implant" being used to refer to the lens 10 after implantation. Also for the purposes of this disclosure, the term "cornea" is used somewhat interchangeably with "stroma", and with the implicit understanding that, while the stroma is the presently preferred location for an intra-corneal implant, other layers of the cornea may also be suitable.
The lens 10 is illustrated as circular in plan, with a diameter DF and radius of curvature RF. The lens 10 includes a convex anterior surface 12 approaching the optical axis 13, and a concave posterior surface 14. However, the principles of the invention may also be applied to lenses of other shapes and curvature.
The lens 10 may be made of any material, preferably a hydrophilic material, that swells when wetted with an aqueous liquid medium, has a suitable index of refraction, and is known to be compatible with corneal tissue. In a preferred embodiment, the lens 10 comprises a composition including a hydrophilic polymeric material, preferably a hydrogel-forming polymeric material, and water.
Specific examples of useful hydrophilic polymeric materials include polymers derived in whole or in part from monomers which possess an unsaturated vinyl or allyl group and produce polymers which exhibit hydrophilicity. Such monomers include, but are not limited to, acryl type monomers, methacryl type monomers, unsaturated amide type monomers, diene type monomers, and triene type monomers which meet the requirements mentioned above. Typical examples of such monomers include (meth)acrylamides, N-methyl(meth)acrylamides, N,N-dimethyl(meth)acrylamides, N,N-methylethyl(meth)acrylamides, N,N-diethyl(meth)acrylamides, (meth)acrylicacids, 2-hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylates, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl(meth) acrylates, N,N-diethyl-amino-ethyl(meth)acrylates, N-vinylpyrrolidone, p-styrene sulfonic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, 2-methyacryloyloxethyl acid, 2-acrylamide-2methylpropane sulfonic acid, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
In a prior art procedure, a pre-hydrated lens is wetted to a final hydrated state prior to implantation in the stroma of the cornea. This prior art wetting procedure typically consists of dipping or soaking and storing the lens in an isotonic hydration medium, which is understood in the art to mean a solution having an osmotic pressure approximately equal to fluids in the cornea. In the final hydrated state, also defined here as the equilibrium state, there is substantially no osmotic pressure differential between the fluids in the lens 10 and the fluids in the stroma into which the lens is to be implanted.
In the method according to the present invention, the lens 10 is only partially hydrated before implantation in the cornea. The degree to which the pre-hydrated lens should be hydrated prior to implantation can be determined in a variety of ways. One way is to consider the curvature of the lens. In its final hydrated state, the lens should have a curvature substantially conforming to the uniformly curved central area of a patient's stroma. Thus, the lens in the partially hydrated state should be more steeply curved than the stromal bed, yet not so steeply curved as to cause excessive discomfort in the patient when it is first implanted.
Another way of determining the extent of hydration is to consider imbibition pressure, which is defined as the tendency of the lens to absorb water. The partially hydrated lens should have an imbibition pressure higher than the osmotic pressure of stromal fluids, while the lens in its final, or equilibrium, state should have an imbibition pressure approximately equal to the osmotic pressure of stromal fluids. Thus, the lens 10 substantially ceases to absorb fluid from a cornea having normal fluid levels when the lens 10 reaches its equilibrium state, thereby reducing the possibility of dry eye in a normal patient.
The hydration level can also be expressed in terms of the colloidal osmotic pressure of fluids in the lens material. When the lens 10 is in its partially hydrated state, the colloidal osmotic pressure of fluids in the lens should be less than the osmotic pressure of fluids in the stroma, so that an osmotic pressure gradient is established, which enhances adhesion of the implant to the stroma. In the equilibrium state, the colloidal osmotic pressure of fluids in the lens should be approximately equal to the osmotic pressure of the stromal fluids.
In one embodiment of the invention, the lens 10 is maintained in the partially hydrated state by soaking and storage in a hypertonic hydration medium 18, which is understood in the art to mean a solution having an osmotic pressure greater than fluids in the cornea. For the sake of convenience, the partially hydrated lens 10 is preferably supplied to the ophthalmic surgeon pre-packaged with the hypertonic hydration medium 18. This relieves the surgeon and/or technicians of the need to hydrate the lens before surgery, and to determine whether the proper degree of hydration has been achieved. The packaging arrangement may comprise any suitable sealed vessel, such as a vial 16, containing the partially hydrated lens suspended in the hydration medium 18, as shown in FIG. 6.
The hydration medium may be selected from any suitable material effective to maintain the lens 10 in the desired partially hydrated state. Advantageously, the hydration medium is an aqueous-based liquid. Preferably, the hydration medium comprises an ophthalmically acceptable aqueous carrier, such as sterile purified water, to which a tonicity adjusting agent has been added. Suitable such agents include alkali metal halides, phosphates, hydrogen phosphate, and borates. Preferred are sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium phosphate monobasic and sodium phosphate dibasic and combinations thereof. The amount of the tonicity adjusting agent needed to achieve the desired hydration of the lens 10 can vary greatly depending on such properties as the permeability and the ratio of the water diffusion coefficient to the ion diffusion coefficient of the lens material. It can also vary based on the presence of other components in the carrier, including stabilizers, buffering agents, disinfectants, pH adjusters, and the like, all of which would be determined by the specific type of lens and the needs of the individual patient. Accordingly, there is no upper or lower critical limitation upon the amount of the tonicity adjusting agent. The required quantity to be employed in the present invention can be determined clinically by those skilled in the art.
In the presently preferred embodiment, the hydration medium is an aqueous solution having an osmotic pressure which is higher than the osmotic pressure of fluids in the cornea. Although the hydration medium is preferably hypertonic, the tonicity of the hydration medium should not be so high as to cause dry eye or other detrimental effects when placed in a cornea having normal fluid levels. Again, the maximum desirable tonicity will vary depending on numerous factors, but can be readily ascertained by a skilled practitioner of the ophthalmic arts.
FIG. 3 shows the lens 10 in its partially hydrated state, just prior to implantation in the cornea. The partially hydrated lens 10 has a generally spherical surface, but has a smaller diameter dP and a smaller radius of curvature RP than the lens 10 in its final state. For purposes of illustration, the steepness of the curvature of the lens 10 has been exaggerated. In actuality, the difference between the radii of curvature RF and RP, as well as the difference between the lens diameters dF and dP, would be almost imperceptible.
FIG. 4 shows the partially hydrated lens 10, immediately after having been implanted into the stromal bed 20 of a cornea 22 using prior art surgical techniques. Specifically, a small incision was made in the cornea 22 to make a flap or hinge (not shown), which was then folded back to expose the middle layer of corneal tissue known as the stromal bed 20. The lens 10 was then placed on the stroma 20 and the flap returned to its initial position and smoothed over the lens 10.
Initially, the partially hydrated lens 10 is more steeply curved than the cornea. In addition, the lens 10 may be slightly off-center with respect to the cornea 22. However, the difference in hydration between the lens 10 and the cornea creates an osmotic pressure gradient, causing the lens 10 to absorb water from the cornea 22 until a state of equilibrium is reached. As the lens 10 gradually absorbs water, it expands and flattens until it adheres to the stromal bed, centering itself as it flattens. After it centers and adheres, the lens 10 becomes fully hydrated and assumes a configuration substantially conforming to the curvature of the cornea 22, as shown in FIG. 5.
While this invention has been described with respect to various specific examples and embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto and that it can be variously practiced within the scope of the following claims. For example, the partially hydrated state of the lens 10 could be achieved by fully hydrating the lens with a conventional isotonic solution, and then either air drying the lens 10 for a prescribed time period, or treating the lens 10 with a dehydrating agent. In some instances, such methods may be preferred, since a fully hydrated lens is more easily inspected for imperfections than a partially hydrated one.
In addition, while the intra-corneal implants and methods disclosed herein are believed to be particularly effective for treating hyperopia, the teachings of the foregoing disclosure could well be adapted to lenses for correcting myopia, astigmatism and other refractive errors, without departing from the spirit of the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 16, 1977
|Jan 16, 1979
|Bayers Jon Herbert
|Intraocular lens
|Nov 25, 1980
|May 4, 1982
|Alza Corporation
|Osmotic device with hydrogel driving member
|May 26, 1982
|Jul 1, 1986
|Holles Laboratories, Inc.
|Method and composition for controlling corneal hydration
|Mar 19, 1986
|Apr 7, 1987
|Choyce D Peter
|Intra-corneal implant for correction of aniridia
|Aug 10, 1984
|Dec 1, 1987
|Michelson Paul E
|Fluid lens
|Sep 29, 1987
|May 30, 1989
|Allergan, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for removing corneal tissue
|Nov 9, 1987
|Jun 20, 1989
|Method of molding articles
|Nov 22, 1989
|May 28, 1991
|Allergan, Inc.
|Corneal onlay lenses and methods for attaching same
|Mar 27, 1991
|Jun 23, 1992
|Nestle S.A.
|Synthetic intracorneal lines and method of manufacture
|Jun 18, 1993
|Feb 14, 1995
|Allergan, Inc.
|Method for treating hypoxia-associated ocular complications
|Oct 13, 1993
|Jul 18, 1995
|Allergan, Inc.
|Corneal implants and methods for producing same
|Jul 1, 1996
|May 20, 1997
|Methods for contact lens cleaning
|Mar 15, 1996
|May 27, 1997
|Allergan, Inc.
|Biostable corneal implants
|Aug 14, 1996
|Feb 17, 1998
|Contact lens care compositions with inositol phosphate components
|Oct 25, 1996
|Dec 28, 1999
|Anamed, Inc.
|Implantable devices and methods for controlling the flow of fluids within the body
|Feb 13, 1998
|Feb 29, 2000
|Pharmacia & Upjohn Ab
|Medical implants of stretch-crystallizable elastomers and methods of implantation
|May 10, 2000
|Feb 12, 2002
|Bausch & Lomb Incorporated
|Method for selecting contact lens materials to minimize corneal staining
|Aug 30, 2001
|Mar 6, 2003
|Allergan Sales, Inc.
|Apparatus and methods for packaging intrcorneal implants and facilitating placement thereof
|Jul 26, 1999
|Feb 10, 2000
|Anamed, Inc.
|Sutureless implantable device and method for treatment of glaucoma
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 30, 2004
|Aug 17, 2010
|Revision Optics, Inc.
|Aspherical corneal implant
|Oct 30, 2006
|Nov 15, 2011
|Revision Optics, Inc.
|Method of using small diameter intracorneal inlays to treat visual impairment
|Mar 28, 2007
|Apr 24, 2012
|Revision Optics, Inc.
|Insertion system for corneal implants
|Aug 23, 2010
|Jun 25, 2013
|Revision Optics, Inc.
|Methods and devices for forming corneal channels
|Mar 2, 2012
|Sep 24, 2013
|Revision Optics, Inc.
|Insertion system for corneal implants
|Oct 22, 2012
|Mar 11, 2014
|Revision Optics, Inc.
|Corneal implant storage and delivery devices
|Apr 3, 2009
|Dec 2, 2014
|Revision Optics, Inc.
|Corneal inlay design and methods of correcting vision
|Jul 13, 2012
|Mar 1, 2016
|Revision Optics, Inc.
|Corneal implant retaining devices and methods of use
|Oct 22, 2012
|May 24, 2016
|Revision Optics, Inc.
|Corneal implant storage and delivery devices
|Oct 6, 2003
|Apr 7, 2005
|Nguyen Tuoc Tan
|Minimally invasive valve replacement system
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Apr 25, 2002
Owner name: ALLERGAN SALES, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PAUL, MARLENE L.;GLICK, ROBERT;REEL/FRAME:012842/0639
Effective date: 20020409
|Sep 6, 2002
Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., NEW YORK
Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNORS:ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC.;AMO HOLDINGS, LLC;REEL/FRAME:013203/0039
Effective date: 20020621
|Mar 24, 2004
Owner name: ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ALLERGAN, INC.;REEL/FRAME:014455/0451
Effective date: 20030625
|Jul 28, 2004
Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, CA
Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:014910/0546
Effective date: 20040625
|Apr 4, 2007
Owner name: ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST AT REEL/FRAME NO. 14910/0546;ASSIGNOR:BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.;REEL/FRAME:019111/0582
Effective date: 20070402
Owner name: AMO HOLDINGS, INC. (FORMERLY KNOWN AS AMO HOLDINGS
Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST AT REEL/FRAME NO. 13203/0039;ASSIGNOR:BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.;REEL/FRAME:019111/0348
Effective date: 20070402
Owner name: ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST AT REEL/FRAME NO. 13203/0039;ASSIGNOR:BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.;REEL/FRAME:019111/0348
Effective date: 20070402
|May 18, 2007
Owner name: ALLERGAN SALES, LLC, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:ALLERGAN SALES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:019304/0971
Effective date: 20020603
|Jun 20, 2007
Owner name: ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ALLERGAN SALES, LLC;REEL/FRAME:019448/0927
Effective date: 20020624
|Jun 29, 2007
Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, NO
Free format text: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:019501/0069
Effective date: 20070402
Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT,NOR
Free format text: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:019501/0069
Effective date: 20070402
|Nov 13, 2007
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Nov 19, 2007
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Feb 27, 2009
Owner name: ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:BANK OF AMERICA, N.A. AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:022320/0427
Effective date: 20090225
Owner name: ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC.,CALIFORNIA
Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:BANK OF AMERICA, N.A. AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:022320/0427
Effective date: 20090225
|Jul 29, 2009
Owner name: ABBOTT MEDICAL OPTICS INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:023234/0277
Effective date: 20090226
Owner name: ABBOTT MEDICAL OPTICS INC.,CALIFORNIA
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:ADVANCED MEDICAL OPTICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:023234/0277
Effective date: 20090226
|Sep 23, 2011
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Oct 27, 2015
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12

subset: commoncrawl


text:
15:13 Apr. 5, 2016
Activists, some wearing masks depicting Russian President Vladimir Putin, perform a tug of war in front of the Dutch embassy in Kiev, Ukraine, Tuesday, March 22, 2016. (AP)
Wednesday's referendum on association agreement with Ukraine exposes rifts in attitudes towards EU
The dividing lines of the referendum are clearly drawn. Supporters say a yes vote will deliver security and trade; opponents see a chance to wrest back control from the so-called undemocratic forces of Brussels. Accusations of lies and spin are batted around on both sides. Many voters are confused or indifferent.
Read also EUobserver: Why the Dutch referendum on Ukraine is a joke
This is not Britain, but the Netherlands. On Wednesday the Dutch will take part in the other referendum that is sending shivers through the EU establishment, a vote that has exposed bitter rifts in attitudes towards Brussels – and Moscow.
It is the country's first referendum since 2005, when voters rejected the EU constitution. This time, unlike their British counterparts, the Dutch will not be voting on whether to leave or remain in the EU, but on the more obscure issue of an association agreement with Ukraine that aims to deepen trade and cooperation.
Watch also Eurosceptic British politician says Dutch "No" would boost Brexit support
The treaty has already been signed by 27 other EU member states, approved by the Dutch government and has partly entered into force.


text:
After a solid rebound season, Illinois will need to replace some stars in 2011 to take the team to another bowl appearance.
Junior linebacker Martez Wilson will skip his senior year to enter the NFL draft. And record-breaking running back Mikel Leshoure will announce on Tuesday morning that he is turning pro a season early, the Tribune has learned.


text:
Brunette pornstar on high heels rubs itching pussy enjoys interracial bang Blowjob brunettes couple
Blondie on high heels plugs her holes with a toy Big tits blondes bra
Sexy Redhead in stockings & high heels Masturbation redheads stockings
Blonde model on high heels gives a perfect mouth job gets facialized Big tits blowjob couple
Chubby brunette babe in high heels gets naughty riding cock Amateur brunettes couple
Exquisite brunette in high heels finger fucks herself on the terrace Brunettes babes beauty
Topnotch model in high heels drills herself with a glass stiletto Amateur babes beauty
Kinky solo hottie curves on high heels drills ass Anal bath big tits
Rachel in Silk stockings and high heels Milfs sex toys stockings
Slender girl in high heels takes a good position for fingering Brunettes babes beauty
Chick in nylon stockings and in heeled shoes toys her bald twat Pornstars solo models amateur
Sexy brunette Latina in heels takes off a thong for hard cock Asshole brunettes close up
Curvy bitch in high heels plays with her thong and a dildo dong Amateur babes brunettes
Hot solo babe in high heels finger fucks her needy pussy outdoors Amateur babes high heels
Long-haired blonde in high heels demonstrates her masturbation skills Blondes babes beauty
Redhead beauty in sexy red heeled shows masturbates on the floor Babes high heels hot ass
Blonde on high heels rides and sucks until the guy cums Blowjob couple cowgirl
Hot Latina In High Heels Fucked In The Ass Anal high heels latin
Solo girl in high heels is masturbating at the bathroom Amateur high heels solo
Skinny blonde in high heels masturbates pussy and toys it from behind Amateur babes beauty
Blonde chick on high heels gets anally satisfied outdoors Anal big tits blondes
Cute Brunette Milf Shows Her Stockings And High Heels Foot fetish high heels stockings
Round-assed babe in high heels begs for deep anal fucking Anal big tits brunettes
Sweetie on high heels uses her favorite toy to masturbate Bikini brunettes fishnet
Anal penetration casting for dame in High high-heeled footwear Anal deep throat high heels
Babe in high heels fucks herself with fingers from behind Outdoor blondes babes
Tall sultry pornstar on high heels gets fingered and screwed Anal blowjob brunettes
Sugary lesbian babes in high heels undress each other to have sex Babes beauty blondes
Appetising model in high heels rubs her lovely pink slit Amateur babes beauty
Foxy blonde siren in high heels drills her delicious pussy Babes blondes close up
Blonde solo girl in high heels toys her soaking pussy in a garden Babes beauty blondes
Super-steamy underwear doll in High Heel porno Anal deep throat high heels
Two chicks in high heels are addicted to pussy licking Amateur curvy fingering
High heels pantyhose hump for Christine Anal blowjob high heels
Models in high heels tease their delicious cunts outdoors Babes blondes brunettes
Long-haired sirens in high heels get naked for a mischievous lesbian action Babes beauty fingering
2 high heeled euro sluts get anal fucked good Anal hardcore threesomes
Girl With Fishnets And High Heels Gets Cocked Fishnet high heels mmf
Juicy blondies on high heels suck cock enjoy DP sex Anal blowjob cum in mouth
Hot Bitch In High Heels Gets Fucked In The Laundry Room Fingering high heels trimmed pussy
Blonde slut on high heels drills snatch with a long cucumber Asshole blondes close up
Sexy pierced babe on high heels is happy to get ass banging Anal asshole blowjob
Bubble-assed bitch in high heels rides a black dildo dong Amateur babes beauty
Ebony in Black Stockings and High Heels. Black and ebony hardcore high heels
Blonde in high heels pulls down a miniskirt and a thong to toy herself Amateur babes beauty
Sexy Latina Babe Is High Heels Takes An Anal Pounding Anal big tits high heels
Busty redhead on high heels gets ass licked and fucked Anal asslick big tits
Sexy Rebecca on high heels gets nipples pinched twat banged Bikini blowjob couple
Busty angels on high heels Celia and Maria in a foursome Big tits brunettes cum in mouth
Blondes In High Heels Masterbate And Suck Cock Blonde group orgy high heels
Amateur sweetie in high heels masturbates pussy in a kinky way Brunettes babes beauty
Petite brunette in high heels toys pussy moaning with passion Babes brunettes couple
Blonde In High Heels Masterbates For Her Man Amateur high heels licking
Lesbian chicks on high heels explore pussies with fists Bra fingering fisting
Red hot babe on high heels creams and drills pussy Asshole brunettes close up
Blondie on high heels exposes tigh ass and sexy body on cam Babes big tits close up
Blonde beauty in high heels masturbates on the stairs Babes beauty glamour
Stunning girls in fashionable lingerie and heels tease depilated pussies Babes beauty erotic
Babes in high heels show off tight asses get double penetrated Anal blowjob cumshot
Impressive rump gets poked in mischievous high high-heeled footwear porno date Anal high heels slim
Busty blonde bitch on high heels enjoys piss and jizz Big tits blondes blowjob
Charming lesbian gals on high heels toy each other by a pool Anal babes big tits
Slut Gets Her Fleshy Fault Line Poked By Pale Man Amateur blowjobs high heels
Big Tit Whore Likes White And Black Cock In Her Tight Hole Anal high heels milf
Chubby Woman Shows Off Her Furry Pussy On Cam Amateur ass high heels
Two Hot Chicks With Dildo And Squirting Bathroom high heels lesbian
Couple Has Very Sexual Sex With Each Other Big tits high heels stockings
(C) VideoSexArchive.com | DMCA | 2257 | Privacy | Terms | Contact
VideoSexArchive is rated with RTA label. Parents, you can easily block access to this site. Please read this page for more informations.
VideoSexArchive is a free hosting service for your porn videos. Our pages contain absolutely no spyware/adware/trojan/etc. There is no charge (no hidden charges either) for viewing our videos.


text:
- Product Details
Choose this Personalised Twinkle Girls Pink Gift Set - Babygrow and Bib for a christening or new baby gift for an adorable new baby girl.
Both the babygro and the little bib are decorated with the words "Twinkle, twinkle little star do you know how loved you are" - and the name of your choice in up to 12 characters. The babygro, which is suitable for a baby aged 0-3 months, is snug and comfortable to wear and will look so cute on the new baby! It has long sleeves, fastens up the front and also at the crotch for quick and easy nappy changes.
The bib fits easily over the new baby's head. As an added bonus, they both come in a special gift box, also bearing the same fixed text and personalisation, which fastens with a gingham ribbon and a magnet close. Please use upper and lower case lettering in your personalisation to obtain the very best effect.
Bib Measures: 28 x 31 x 0.5cm
Baby Grow Measures: 32.5 x 29 x 0.5cm
Box Measures: 22cm x 22cm x 9cm
- Delivery & Returns
We are aware of how important it is for you to receive your gifts in time. Therefore, once you place your order we will process straight away and dispatch as soon as they are ready to go. We usually dispatch all items within 1-3 days however, this may be a little longer during special occasions such as Christmas. If multiple items ordered, we may dispatch items separately or all together, depending on the process.
Hassle Free Returns Policy:
We're sure that you will be satisfied with your purchase and we also understand that sometimes you may want to return. We keep this process simple! Just contact us if you wish to return goods. Please note: personalised, made-to-order and perishable items are non-refundable.
- Ask a Question
Ask a Question
Question about: Personalised Twinkle Girls Pink Gift Set - Babygrow and BibPlease do not include or disclose any sensitive personal information, password or credit card information in your message. Your personal security is extremely important to us.No questions yet. Be the first to ask the question!


text:
Discussion in 'iOS Themes and Customization' started by TheIpodKid, Mar 16, 2009.
anyone know how put it in the top of springboard?
Easiest way would be to install FiveIRows, which comes with a WinterBoard theme that places them on the statusbar.
but i hate fiverows what if i use four rows then how
You could install it, copy the statusbar dots theme to your computer, uninstall FiveIRows, then put the theme back into your themes folder.
Get Clockscreen from macthemes. And just get the the page indicators from there.
Separate names with a comma.


text:
March 24, 2014 - Products
Hankook Tire will launch its new Smart Flex DL12 Long/Regional Haul Drive position truck and bus radial tire for fleet customers at the Mid-America Trucking Show this week.
The Smart Flex DL12 will be available for fleet customers beginning in the third quarter and available in six sizes; 11R22.5 14 and 16 ply, 11R24.5 14 and 16 ply, 295/75R22.5 and 285/75R24.5. The Smart Flex DL12 is a long/regional-haul drive tire that offers traction, tread wear, handling and stability in all weather conditions through the incorporation of many unique design features such as:
In addition to the new Smart Flex DL12 Hankook will also have its recently launched e3 Wide DL07 and e3 Wide TL07 Ultra Wide Base drive and trailer position tires on display at its booth. The e3 Wide DL07 and e3 Wide TL07, incorporate Hankook's Spiral-Coil Technology for improved casing durability, an advanced tread pattern to prevent irregular tread wear and are both approved for Smartway.
Tags: Hankook Tire America Corp., Tires, Mid-America Trucking Show, Tires and Wheels
We offer e-newsletters that deliver targeted news and information for the entire fleet industry.
The expert, Shawn Whitacre from Chevron Delo, will answer your questions
The expert, Steve Carlson from Xantrex, will answer your questions
The expert, Brian Fletcher from Eaton, will answer your questions
On the Spot: Drive the Future With Volvo's SuperTruck [Video]
Highlights From ATA Management Conference & Exhibition [Video]
Navistar's Las Vegas LT Series Launch Presentation [Video]
Test Drive Preview: Freightliner's 2018 Cascadia [Video]
Tool Designed to Remove Tie Rods and Ball Joints
Driver Wellness Courses Address 3 Key Concerns
Power Converter Features Waterproof Design
Tool Caddy Can Store 100 Pounds of Gear


text:
Sci fi/Fantasy image byAmy Moore
As sweet as she may seem, A flutter of eye lashes, and a coy smile is all she needs to get by. A fanged kiss is not what her prey expected.
Published More than a year ago
Category Horror
Be the first to favourite this image.


text:
- Product Details
Whose name will you choose to include on our Personalised Mr's Boxers in Gift Tin? You could choose the surname of your favourite fella or you may have a more personal moniker in mind.
Whatever you decide, the text will be printed under our "Mr" caption in our own full colour printing inks. This, in turn, sits over our fabulous moustache motif.
And with four sizes of trunk available, each one should be a perfect fit.
The boxers themselves are made from a 95% cotton, 5% elastane mix to provide breathability and support for all. So even though the personalisation on these pants may be funny, the comfortable feel of the underwear is nothing to laugh about.
We even supply the coordinating tin gift box for an authentic designer effect. So when you want to get your man a truly personalised gift, you need look no more.
Tin comes sealed with a "just grab and go" label.
- Classic trunk styling, longer leg
- Tonal brand embossed waistband
- Label-free for comfort
- 95% Cotton, 5% Elastane
- Full colour printing
- Measures approx. S: 30/32" M: 33/35" L: 36/38" XL: 39/41"
- Comes in a sleek tin gift box
- Delivery & Returns
We are aware of how important it is for you to receive your gifts in time. Therefore, once you place your order we will process straight away and dispatch as soon as they are ready to go. We usually dispatch all items within 1-3 days however, this may be a little longer during special occasions such as Christmas. If multiple items ordered, we may dispatch items separately or all together, depending on the process.
Hassle Free Returns Policy:
We're sure that you will be satisfied with your purchase and we also understand that sometimes you may want to return. We keep this process simple! Just contact us if you wish to return goods. Please note: personalised, made-to-order and perishable items are non-refundable.
- Ask a Question
Ask a Question
Question about: Personalised Mr's Boxers in Gift TinPlease do not include or disclose any sensitive personal information, password or credit card information in your message. Your personal security is extremely important to us.No questions yet. Be the first to ask the question!
Show more products in Personalised Underwear


text:
Working with the police is one of the many responsibilities of Newark Mayor Ras Baraka, and he has some interesting insights
"All power to the people," as the Black Panther Party would say, and Jesse Williams seems to be putting emphasis
The United Nations' Working Group of Experts on People of African Descent submitted a report on Monday, Sept. 26 raising
The first of a scheduled two debates ended last night between Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump and Democratic presidential candidate
In July 2016, North Carolina Gov. Pat McCrory signed into law a bill exempting police audio and video from the
Donald Trump finally decided to visit Flint, Michigan, and of course, the controversy began upon his arrival. On Wednesday, Sept.
Immediately following Friday's denial by federal judge of a Native American Indian tribe's injunction effort, the Departments of Justice, the
Erica Garner hurled personal insults at NYC mayor Bill de Blasio Thursday for not releasing disciplinary records on the cop
A controversial measure to take over failing schools in the state of Georgia will have a disproportionate impact on Black
A controversial measure to take over failing schools in the state of Georgia will have a disproportionate impact on Black
Name: Shaquille Brewster Position: Producer Assignment: NBC News Education: Howard University For the previous year, Shaquille Brewster has been a campaign
Donald Trump created a media firestorm when he visited Great Faith Ministries church in Detroit on Saturday, Sept. 3. All of
The White House is planning its first music festival to bring creators, innovators, and organizers from across the country together.
The city of Midland, Alabama, recently had a mayoral election that has now stirred a racial controversy because of a
A controversy in the city of Atlanta is brewing over the naming of a park in a Black community. Some
From the start of his campaign, Donald Trump has masterfully inflamed cultural tensions for his benefit by attacking Hispanics and
The rhetoric of the presidential campaign of Donald Trump has caused concerned because of his close ties to White supremacist
Hillary Clinton served as a guest speaker and held a Q-and-A during the National Association of Black Journalists in Washington,
In an effort to calm the waters as police-community tensions continue to escalate, U.S. Attorney General Loretta Lynch participated in
President Barack Obama is not playing around. With less than six months left in the White House, he is taking


text:
Home /
Our Sources / About Us
/ FAQs /
Advanced Search
Not what you're
looking for? Try an advanced search.
Official citation and/or docket number and footnotes (if any) for this case available with purchase.
Learn more about what you receive with purchase of this case.
decided: March 20, 1986.
IN RE: CONDEMNATION BY THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, OF RIGHT OF WAY FOR LEGISLATIVE ROUTE 48032, CLAIM NO. 4802934. DAVID OXFORD, APPELLANTv.COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, APPELLEE
Appeal from the Order of the Court of Common Pleas of Northampton County in the case of David Oxford v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation, No. 1980-CM-3223.
Donald H. Lipson, for appellant.
William J. Cressler, Assistant Counsel, with him, Spencer A. Manthorpe, Chief Counsel, and Jay C. Waldman, General Counsel, for appellee.
Judges Craig and Colins, and Senior Judge Barbieri, sitting as a panel of three. Opinion by Senior Judge Barbieri.
[ 96 Pa. Commw. Page 69]
This is an eminent domain case wherein the Petitioner, David Oxford, has appealed an order of the Court of Common Pleas of Northampton County. That order sustained the preliminary objections of the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) and dismissed his petition for appointment of a board of view.
The record presents the following facts which we deem pertinent to our disposition of this appeal. Oxford is the owner of approximately two hundred acres of farmland located in Upper Mount Bethel Township, Northampton County. Certain portions of that tract abut and are located along Legislative Route 48032
[ 96 Pa. Commw. Page 70]
which is a state highway maintained by PennDOT. On or about August 10, 1979, a PennDOT maintenance crew entered Oxford's land for the purpose of maintaining drainage ditches and channels for that state highway. PennDOT's entry upon Oxford's land is expressly permitted by Section 417 of the State Highway Law*fn1 which authorizes PennDOT to enter upon any lands or enclosures to maintain drainage ditches and systems which are necessary to carry water from the roads or highways. Oxford alleged that PennDOT's maintenance work on the drainage ditches substantially altered the flow of water from the highway which caused flooding of approximately six acres of his farmland rendering them useless for farming. In 1980 he filed a petition for appointment of a board of view seeking damages under the Eminent Domain Code*fn2 and Section 417 of the State Highway Law.*fn3 PennDOT filed preliminary objections to the petition which were dismissed by the common pleas court on February 25, 1981. PennDOT took an appeal to this Court and on June 11, 1984, in an opinion by Judge Barry, this Court reversed the common pleas court's dismissal of PennDOT's preliminary objections and remanded the matter to that court for an evidentiary hearing on the issue of whether a
[ 96 Pa. Commw. Page 71]
compensable injury has been suffered. Department of Transportation Appeal, 83 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 184, 476 A.2d 519 (1984). Pursuant to our remand, the common pleas court held an evidentiary hearing on PennDOT's preliminary objections. On February 1, 1985, the common pleas court found that no compensable injury had occurred, sustained PennDOT's preliminary objections, and dismissed Oxford's petition for appointment of a board of view.
In this appeal, Oxford raises two contentions which are: (1) that he is entitled to damages under Section 417 of the State Highway Law; and (2) in the alternative, PennDOT's maintenance activities amount to a de facto taking of his property for which he is entitled to just compensation. We shall address those issues in the order stated. Our scope of review, where the common pleas court has sustained preliminary objections to a petition for appointment of a board of view, is limited to a determination as to whether or not the common pleas court's findings are supported by competent evidence or an error of law committed. Miller Appeal, 55 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 612, 423 A.2d 1354 (1980).
In his inital contention for damages under Section 417 of the State Highway Law, Oxford concedes that Act 100 repealed the procedural portion of Section 417 and that the exclusive procedure for establishing a compensable injury and determining compensation lies within the Eminent Domain Code. See Department of Transportation Appeal, 83 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. at 186, 476 A.2d at 520. He argues, that the substantive provisions of Section 417, which allow a landowner compensation for damages inflicted upon his land as a result of PennDOT's maintenance activities, were not repealed. He also argues that the damages contemplated by Section 417 are broader than consequential damages as set forth in Section 612 of the Eminent Domain Code, 26 P.S. § 1-612.
[ 96 Pa. Commw. Page 72]
The intent of Section 417 of the State Highway Law was to ensure that property owners whose land is damaged as a direct result of PennDOT's entry thereon for the purpose of maintaining highway drainage systems receive compensation for the actual damages caused by PennDOT. Section 612 of the Eminent Domain Code permits abutting property owners recovery of consequential damages as a result of only three causes: (1) change of grade of a road or highway; (2) permanent interference with access to a road or highway; and (3) injury to surface support. None of the circumstances covered by Section 612 of the Eminent Domain Code is applicable to the situation addressed by Section 417 of the State Highway Law. We therefore agree with Oxford that the General Assembly, when it enacted Act 100 which repealed the procedural portions of Section 417 of the State Highway Law, did not repeal the substantive portion of that section allowing property owners compensation for damages resulting from PennDOT's entry upon their land for drainage system maintenance.
We are, however, convinced that the damages recoverable by a property owner under Section 417 are similar to the consequential damages recoverable by an abutting property owner under Section 612 of the Eminent Domain Code. "Consequential damage" has been defined as an injury to property which occurs as a natural result of an act lawfully done. In re Mitchell, 209 Pa. Superior Ct. 288, 228 A.2d 53 (1967). Damages to abutting property resulting from a substantial change in the natural flow of water as a result of highway construction have been held to be recoverable as consequential damages under Section 612. Department of Transportation v. Palmer Township, 16 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 270, 329 A.2d 871 (1974); Capristo v. Commonwealth, 58 Pa. D. & C. 2d 715 (C.P. Luzerne 1972). Therefore, if
[ 96 Pa. Commw. Page 73]
PennDOT's drainage maintenance work had substantially altered the natural flow of water, damages resulting therefrom would be recoverable by the property owner under Section 417 of the State Highway Law.
It is clear from the record of the evidentiary hearing that this is not the case here. The common pleas court found that PennDOT's maintenance work restored the flow of water from the highway to substantially what it was as far back as 1963. The record also shows that Oxford had, over the years, installed an underground pipe and a stone wall and hedgerow which impeded the natural flow of runoff water from PennDOT's drainage ditches.*fn4 By cleaning out its pre-existing drainage system and partially dismantling the obstructions erected by Oxford, PennDOT was merely restoring the natural flow of water, not substantially changing it. The common pleas court correctly concluded that PennDOT did not substantially alter the flow of water from the highway and that Oxford did not make out a case for consequential damages.
We shall now address Oxford's alternative contention which is that PennDOT's maintenance work which resulted in the periodic flooding of approximately six acres of his farmland effected a de facto taking of that property entitling him to compensation. A de facto taking occurs when an entity having the power of eminent domain substantially deprives a property owner of his rights to the beneficial use and enjoyment of his property as a consequence of a nonappropriative act rather
[ 96 Pa. Commw. Page 74]
than by direct appropriation. Espy v. Butler Area Sewer Authority, 63 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 95, 437 A.2d 1269 (1981). In order to establish a de facto taking, the property owner must establish extraordinary circumstances which have substantially deprived him of the use of his property and that such deprivation is the direct and necessary consequence of actions of an entity having the power of eminent domain. Petition of 1301 Filbert Ltd. Partnership for Appointment of Viewers, 64 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 605, 441 A.2d 1345 (1982).
Here, there was no evidence that the condition of Oxford's land was substantially changed or that his customary use of the land has been prevented, except for short periods of time. Any change in the use of the land was the result of PennDOT's removal or dismantling of obstructions to runoff water erected by Oxford and its restoration of the pre-existing drainage conditions. The conditions about which he complains were shown at the evidentiary hearing to have existed as far back as 1963. As noted by the common pleas court, the situation presented here is similar to that presented in Sanquinetti v. United States, 264 U.S. 146 (1924), wherein the United States Supreme Court held that there was no de facto taking of land abutting a canal as a result of an occasional overflow from the canal. In Sanquinetti, the Court stated that to effectuate a de facto taking, the overflow must constitute an actual, permanent invasion of the land amounting to an appropriation thereof, and not merely an injury to the property. We agree with the common pleas court that Oxford has shown no de facto taking such as would entitle him to compensation under the Eminent Domain Code.
Having found the common pleas court order supported by competent evidence and no error of law committed, we affirm the dismissal of the petition for appointment of a board of view.
[ 96 Pa. Commw. Page 75]
Now, March 20, 1986, the Order of the Court of Common Pleas of Northampton County, at Docket No. 1980-CM-3223, dated February 1, 1985, which sustained the preliminary objections of the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation and dismissed the petition of David Oxford for appointment of a board of view, is hereby affirmed.
Our website includes the main text of the court's opinion but does not include the
docket number, case citation or footnotes. Upon purchase, docket numbers and/or
citations allow you to research a case further or to use a case in a legal proceeding.
Footnotes (if any) include details of the court's decision.
Official citation and/or docket number and footnotes (if any) for this case available with purchase.
Learn more about what you receive with purchase of this case.
LRC, Inc. About Us


text:
Get the Stoke City newsletter
The Chairman's Charity Ball
09:19 21st October 2012
Fund-raising set to reach six figures
THE CHAIRMAN'S Annual Charity Ball is set to reach the magical six-figure mark with its fund-raising this year . . . and local community projects in North Staffordshire are set to benefit from the latest occasion.
Stoke City have announced that the event will take place on Friday 9th November when the Club will be endeavouring to add a significant amount of money to the £96,000 which has been raised for some worthy causes.
The proceeds of this event, which will have a 'Black Tie with a hint of Red' theme, will go to the Stoke City Community Fund.
This recently-established Fund is a grants scheme which offers support to a range of local community-based projects.
Over the years, the money generated by the Chairman's Ball has gone to the Club's nominated charities in that particular season, but now the focus of attention is very much on helping projects within the local community.
Tickets for this grand occasion include a champagne reception, three-course dinner, entertainment and the charity auction.
A table of 10 in the Tony Waddington Suite at the Britannia Stadium is priced at £1,000 including VAT and these can be booked by contacting Della Birchall on 01782 592212 or by emailing firstname.lastname@example.com.
Dutchman hands out membership packages at local school...
1 day ago
Programme available for 16-18 year olds
2 days ago
Learn the football skills of your favourite players
2 days ago
Dutch ace visits long-standing Club Partner's HQ...
3 days ago
Welshman lends his support to fundraising event
23 Nov 2016
Hospitality available for Cherries tie...
15 Nov 2016


text:
Jahia 6: Content Management with Versatility
With version 6 of the web content and document managment suite Jahia has set the Swiss enterprise bearing the same name onto a higher level in terms of standard and reputability.
With Jahia, users can combine Web CMS, document management and web portal services into the same package. The new version 6 supports the Java standard for portlets 2.0 (JSR 286) and single-sign-on (SSO). The software works in conjunction with WebDAV and the content repositoryApache Jackrabbitfor document management. For web content administration an Ajax user interface has been made available by the manufacturer.
The Web CMS suite functions with IT environments such as Jboss, Websphere and Bea. The supported system environments, however, are collecting a bit of dust in the process. In addition to RHEL 5.0, Debian 4.0 Etch, and Ubuntu 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon are mentioned.
Jahia is available in a Community edition in addition to a business version which can be obtained with a yearly subscription. The price of the business version varies according to software level (standard, advanced, professional, premium) which cost between 2,000 and 20,000 dollars. A 20% discount is also offered to public and non-profit organizations. The license is GPL and an online demo can be viewed here.
Issue 194/2017
Buy this issue as a PDF
openSUSE Rolls Out 42.2 Leap
New release targets Linux professionals.
Cutting-Edge Fedora 25 Released
The Fedora project adds Wayland and Gnome 3.22
CeBIT 2017: The Open Source Forum
CeBIT 2017: Open Source Forum Call for Papers
Say it Ain't So! Microsoft Joins the Linux Foundation
Long-time Linux antagonist joins the revolution.
How to Bypass Authentication on a Linux System
Major bug affects Debian/Ubuntu distributions.
Ubuntu Core 16
Canonical releases the minimal edition for embedded devices, Internet of Things, and cloud deployments.
Red Hat Releases Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.3
The new release features improvements across the board, from performance to security.
The Linux Foundation Announces a New Board of Directors
Two out of three of the new members are women.
OpenStack Summit in Barcelona
More than 5,000 people attended the event.
Linux Voice Joins the Linux New Media Family
Linux Magazine will include the best of both magazines.


text:
Vanilla Steamers
Total Time
Prep 10 mins
Cook 5 mins
I have not tried this recipe. I got it from Scholastic Parent & Child magazine. This of this as a kid friendly latte - without the cafe.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 4 cups milk
- 1⁄4 cup granulated sugar
- 1 tablespoon vanilla extract
- 1 pinch ground cinnamon
- Combine milk, and sugar in a medium saucepan over high heat. Stir frequently until sugar dissolves and milk begins to simmer (about 3 to 4 minutes).
- Remove from heat, add vanilla, and let stand for 2 minutes.
- Whisk vigorously to form a thick layer of foam on top of the milk. Divide into 4 servings, topped with a dollop of foam.
- Sprinkle with a pinch of ground cinnamon.


text: Alright, first post on the forum. I'm getting my ipod on Monday and I have seen many methods of jailbreaking. Some require downgrading and tons of other steps, and others like ZIphone require pressing a button multiple times. I'm not sure what method to pick. Or should I downgrade to 1.1.1 and jailbreak. But I want 1.1.4. When I get home I want to jailbreak right away so can someone give me the quickest, easiest and best way of jailbreaking for a 16 gig ipod touch. EDIT: I think this might by in the wrong forum, if so can someone move it Please Register or Log in to view images


text:
Enter ePHOTOzine's Prize Draw, with fab gifts for everyone! Click Here
V1 is stunning and V2 pretty amazing great textures..Lin
Red on black is so striking, and you have lovely detail in those reds.
A very vibrant trio of red carnations, the colour is so eyecatching and intense
Sign In
You must be a member to leave a comment.
ePHOTOzine, the web's friendliest photography community.
Upload photos, chat with photographers, win prizes and much more.