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Foxes varsity football prepare for the 2013 fall season
- Details
- Last Updated on Wednesday, 21 August 2013 05:47
- Published on Wednesday, 21 August 2013 05:47
- Hits: 2409
Shades of yesterday are but a distant memory for the Foxes. As area football teams prepare for another unforgettable fall sports season, King George head coach Jeff Smith is hungrier than ever to win a championship.
"I am a firm believer that you're not going to be dealt the same hand every season," Smith said. "You have to adjust to the hand that you're dealt, which allows you to be flexible."
It was a bitter pill to swallow for the (9-3) 2012 Foxes when Smithfield Packer running back Trevor Batten (11 carries -109 yards) ended the Foxes' hopes of a Region 1, Division 4 semi-final, post-season win, with a seven-yard touchdown up the gut of the Foxes defense to win 21-14 in the Group AA, Region I semi-finals, with 2:44 left in the game..
It would be the final time for gridiron standouts, Jacob Baker, Austin Fisk, Deshon Brown and Alon Clipper to perform under the glow of the Fox spotlight. They passed over the threshold of King George High School last year, as part of 22 graduating seniors. For most teams, the end of a huge cycle would be devastating. However, the 2013 season is here at last, and the Foxes have already begun with a scrimmage against Grafton on Aug. 16. Life in the fast lane of smash mouth football, and highlight film upending hits is about to become a part of Friday night Fox entertainment.
While the nucleus of the Fox offensive and defensive attack is still firmly in place, Smith is confident that quarterback Corey Henderson, running back Jordi Estes, and fullback Kendall Harvey will lead the team to another winning season. "The goal right now is to get to where we were last year," Smith said. "Even now when I go places, people often say, I remember when King George struggled to win a game—but it's a whole different breed now."
With triple A schools Riverbend, Louisa, and Stafford added to their schedule, the challenge to finish the regular season with a winning record will be tougher than normal. "If we're competitive with the triple A schools, it's my thinking it will be a selling point, and a mind-over-matter thing for our kids."
With two back-to-back winning seasons under their belts, a brand new stadium where they can defend their honor, and a litany of untapped talent to use at their disposal, nothing is impossible for the 2013 Foxes. The key to keep the flow of energy going on both sides of the ball is Henderson. As the quarterback, and offensive coordinator Robbie Henderson's son, he is thoroughly familiar with every aspect of the offensive game plan. On defense, he is a monster. Nearly nothing gets past him, and if it does, it will leave with lingering pain. "To have a kid, who is that special, you don't have to worry about not having people line up—he is one-in-a-million," Smith said. "He is one of those players coaches love to have, because you don't have to coach him."
With less than two weeks left before the opening regular season game against arch rival Washington & Lee, the Foxes have settled on their starters, while solidifying the final roster as they brace for a potential run at a state championship. "When we step onto the field, everybody believes we can win," Smith said.
Leonard Banks
Sports editor


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Ecsta LX Platinum KU27
- Tire Size: P225/45R-17
- Part #: 2104613
- Serv. Desc.: 91 W
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- Load Range: B (4 Ply) More Specs +
- Treadlife Warranty: 60000 miles
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Ecsta LX Platinum KU27 P225/45R17
This best-of-class tire delivers outstanding ride comfort, low noise, great wet and dry handling, and exceptional all-season traction � especially in snow. The Ecsta LX offers a groundbreaking 60,000-mile limited treadwear warranty, plus 24-hour roadside assistance, which remains in effect for two years from the date of purchase.
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Ecsta LX Platinum KU27 P225/45R17
|Max. Load
|Inflation Pressure
|Tread Depth
|Tire Weight
|Rim Width Range
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|1,356 lbs
|51 psi
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Ecsta LX Platinum KU27 P225/45R17
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Defensive Gem Hands Adelphi Sixth NCAA D2 Crown
By Steve Hemphill | LaxMagazine.com | Twitter | May Madness Home
In-Game Blog Replay
|Adelphi had a tough time scoring against Lock Haven, but dug down to earn the victory. (Keith Lucas)
Adelphi celebrates its sixth NCAA title and first since 2011 after defeating Lock Haven 7-5 Sunday at Roanoke. (Keith Lucas)
Photo Gallery from Adelphi's 7-5 Win
SALEM, Va. – Fireworks shot off just outside of Kerr Stadium once the final horn sounded in Sunday's NCAA Division II women's lacrosse national championship game.
That's when Adelphi University could finally breathe a sigh of relief and start celebrating its return to the top of the heap. The Panthers never trailed, but Lock Haven kept the score close enough to keep the nation's top-ranked team on its toes right down to the final seconds.
Adelphi had its lowest-scoring day of the year offensively, but that was tempered with a great defensive effort in a 7-5 win over the Eagles. The victory capped a 22-0 season for the Panthers, and gave the school its sixth D-II title since 2004 and the first since Adelphi won the last of three straight championships in 2011.
For those familiar with the Panthers, that final score probably looks a bit odd. No team had held Adelphi to less than 10 goals all season. Sunday's game was just the second time all year that a team lost to the Panthers by as little as two goals -- back in early March, Lindenwood (the team Lock Haven beat in overtime a day earlier to reach the final) came up two-goals short as well.
Lock Haven's defense gets much of the credit for keeping the contest as close as it was. The Panthers had some great moments offensively on Sunday, but the Eagles never allowed Adelphi to get comfortable or into any kind of smooth offensive flow.
"We had to dig down deep," Adelphi senior attacker Devan Crimi said. . "This team has heart, and I think that was shown today."
There was plenty of heart shown all-around.
Crimi, a senior who was part of the last Panthers title team, did her part by scoring on a free position shot with 13:41 to play to put Adelphi in the lead for good. Before her score, Lock Haven had turned what had been a 3-0 lead for the Panthers early in the second half into a 4-4 game by midpoint.
Crimi's score was followed by and impressive unassisted goal by the tournament's most outstanding player Alexa Froccaro that made the score 6-4. And later, after Lock Haven had again moved to within a goal, Froccaro was in the spotlight again, thanks her pass to Rachel Aitkens that produce the final goal of the game with 4:23 to play.
"At our school, all you ever hear about [playing for a championship] from the time you get here," Froccaro said. "So really, it was an unreal feeling to be on the field in this kind of stadium."
On Lock Haven's side, senior Chelsea Borrino was doing everything she could in attempt to take a championship trophy back to her school in the last game of her career. She had three assists a day after getting five in the Eagles' overtime semifinal win over Lindenwood.
And a team doesn't hold Adelphi to two goals unless they have a goalkeeper who's dialed in.
Keeper Chrissy Baffuto made five first-half saves – several of those on one-on-one situations – to keep the game close as Lock Haven's offense looked for a way to break through against Adelphi's offense.
"In the first half, you saw us a little game-shy on offense -- a little bit stunned," Lock Haven coach Kristen Selvage said. "We had four players who were actively trying to get things done on offense, and three players that were a little bit frozen. We talked to them in the second half and got them moving."
Rachel Ward, who had four goals the day before, was the player who finally found a way to beat Adlephi's offense a score with 23:37 to play. She finished with two of her team's five goals, both of them came during a 7-minute span where the Eagles scored four of the five goals and tied the score at 4-4.
Once again, the Eagles – who in Selvage's opinion were in a salvage-the-season mode ever since starting the year with a 2-2 record – had come back from a difficult situation.
"They have been the most cohesive team that I have ever coached," Selvage said. . I said to them before the game that we could win it all or lose it all, but we've already won because we have each other.
"They fought for everything, but some things didn't flip in our direction today."
Winning team head coach Rob Grella knows all about close game. In his first two seasons as head coach, the Panthers made the tournament, but were eliminated both times in close losses to Long Island neighbor LIU-Post.
"Yeah, I guess I had a little bit of a flashback," he said. "But I know what this team can do."
Grella has spent the last three years building up a squad that had just 11 players when he as first named coach in early August of 2012. He traveled up and down the East Coast recruiting, signing players in Maryland, New Jersey, as well as Long Island.
"But I expect that we will be even more competitive in recruiting now," Grella said. "When you went something like this, people notice."
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Karl Wolf Feat. Timbaland & BK Brasco "Magic Hotel" Video
Karl Wolf is going to be releasing a new album, Stereotype, this coming Fall, and his lead single to promote the LP is "Magic Hotel." He's enlisted Timbaland and BK Brasco to help bring the pop song together, which has production from Michael Pett.


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I am often asked to recommend a book that would work best for someone interested in learning about vegetarianism. Ten years ago, this was an easy question to answer, since there were so few at the time.
In my estimation, the two best all-purpose books about vegetarianism remain the Marcus and Robbins books discussed below. But many people are not so interested in a straightforward, well-sourced, scientific book about vegetarianism, which makes some of the other recommendations better suited for certain readers.
Here are my favorites, with some reflections on each; I (strongly) suggest that all vegetarian advocates read all of them so that you can recommend them articulately and loan them to friends and relatives.
If I could make everyone in the world watch one movie, I'm with Peter Singer: I'd make them watch Sean Monson's Earthlings. If I could make them read one book, it would be this one. John Robbins' writing style and overwhelming avalanche of facts makes an irrefutable case that anyone who cares about the environment, their health, the global food crisis, or animals should be eating a vegetarian diet. Says PETA President Ingrid E. Newkirk, "A vital and wonderful book and easy to digest, this is a perfect read for anyone with a body, a mind, and a heart. The Food Revolution is the most positive book of the decade."
I'm quoted on the cover of Vegan stating that this is the best concise introduction to veganism that exists. Eight years after its publication, that's still true. You can read it in a few sittings, it's extremely well-written, and it does most of what Robbins does, but more concisely. For someone who is open to reading about vegetarianism but may not want to read something as in depth as Robbins, this is the perfect choice.
The best-selling vegetarian book in world history, Skinny Bitch has been published in more than a dozen languages, boasts more than 3 million copies in print, and has turned countless people vegetarian, including home-run slugger Prince Fielder and other notables. This is by far the best book for the younger set (and for anyone, really, who enjoys a chatty and irreverent—and I do mean irreverent, so be warned!-tone). Skinny Bastard will be out soon and should be on your gift list for all the young men you know. Just to be clear: These are diet books, but they also go into all the reasons to eat a vegetarian diet-with humor and verve.
Ornish's foreword to the 2001 edition remains one of the most convincing and concise health arguments for vegetarianism that I have ever read, and the entire book is superb. Ornish crushes the Atkins diet and explains that a low fat vegetarian diet is the only way to long-term weight loss, with concomitant benefits, including increased energy, better sex, and a much lower likelihood of dying from a heart attack. Speaking of which …
If you know someone with angina or who has suffered a heart attack, stop reading now and buy them this book-it's just spectacular. Although it only covers heart disease, it makes an overwhelming and irrefutable case that heart disease-which kills half of men and almost half of women-is self inflicted and that a vegetarian diet can not only prevent but also reverse the disease. On the American Heart Association diet, patients keep getting worse, just a bit more slowly. On Esselstyn's vegetarian diet, they all get better-yes, all of them. And the book makes the case with stories about actual people-named in the book-who have changed their lives by adopting a vegetarian diet. The stories are priceless.
There is a small war between those who think that Prevent & Reverse Heart Disease makes the best scientific argument for vegetarianism from a health perspective and those who believe that this book does. What Prevent & Reverse Heart Disease does from a heart disease vantage, this book does regarding cancer, making an overwhelming scientific case that animal protein both causes and fuels cancer.
Texas firefighter Rip Esselstyn explains how he put his entire unit on a low fat vegetarian diet and how every one of them found the health benefits inspiring. These were already healthy guys, and they were definitely GUYS-Texas firefighters! If they can do it, anyone can. With an extremely appealing narrative style, Esselstyn offers up the overwhelming scientific evidence on behalf of vegetarianism for health reasons, covering heart disease, cancer, and obesity especially well. The Engine-2 Diet is Skinny Bastard for people who are a bit older and/or a bit less insane … I mean, irreverent (also, unlike Bastard, this one doesn't cover environmentalism and animal protection).
In our toxic society, Kathy Freston is breathing in some much-needed fresh air, with chapters discussing not just the importance of eating a vegetarian diet for health, ecological, and spiritual reasons but also a range of other practices to make us the happiest and healthiest people we can possibly be. Anyone you know who enjoys Deepak Chopra, Marianne Williamson, Thich Nhat Hanh, or the Dalai Lama-give them these books. The first book sports an introduction by Mehmet Oz, M.D., and the second by Dean Ornish, M.D.-you can't beat those endorsements!
PCRM promotes preventive medicine, conducts clinical research, and encourages higher standards for ethics and effectiveness in research. This series includes books on women's health, raising healthy vegetarian kids, cancer, and diabetes. They're a bit drier than the other selections, but the Vegetarian Diets for Children and the Vegetarian Diets for Women books are by far the best books that exist on these two topics.
There is, of course, quite a bit of overlap among these books. The overall theme, I think, is that there is a vegetarian book for everyone you know-oh, and just to be clear, these books all advocate veganism, not just vegetarianism.
Happy reading!
Bruce Friedrich is vice president at PETA. Watch Bruce's recent talk about animal rights and religion.
Thank you so much for this list. I work in a chiropractic office and we like to stock our waiting area with books that will benefit our patients' health. I wanted some ideas for introducing veganism, and your list is really helpful.
Go PETA
Excellent list!!! I would recommend two more – Main Street Vegan by Victoria Moran (an excellent guide to being a vegan in the real world – and there is an easy to cook, outstanding to taste recipe at the end of each chapter), and Super Immunity by Dr. Joel Fuhrman. His plan allows both a meat and meat free option, but it discourages the eating of much meat even in the option with meat, and it encourages the meat free option. Also, it provides a guide to people who want to lose weight but might need a little more fat in their diets for skin and hair appearance. I was trying to be a low fat vegan/vegetarian, and not having much luck and getting frustrated, and these two books saved the day!
It's an interesting list, but i would want more books about vegetarianism in itself, and why is it good for the world. This looks like weight losing and just health-based books.
If you ever update your book lists with books like "One straw revolution" or "Eating animals", i would love to check it out once again.
Here's a correction for the link above to the Mr. Media interview with the Skinny Bitch/Skinny Bastard authors, Rory Freedman and Kim Barnouin: http://www.mrmedia.com/2008/10/rory-freedman-and-kim-barnouin-skinny-bitch-diet-authors-mr-media-interview/
Thanks for the recommendation! A friend with diabetes was asking how he vegetarian diabetics manage not to eat too many carbs—now I can refer him to the book on that subject in the PCRM series! I'd encourage anyone who can afford to donate this series to your local library to do so, also.
This is a great list. There is only one book missing.. Diet for a New America. That book has converted so many of my friends to vegetarians for years and it still does the trick. Its a classic.
Thank-you so much for this information. I am an adult education teacher, and less than 30 minutes ago, one of my students was asking me about vegetarianism. I am going to print this list and give it to him next class session. Thank-you.
Improve your health, save animals, and protect the planet.


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Country Life, Pregnenolone, 10 mg, 60 Veggie Caps
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- Product Code: CLF-01703
- UPC Code: 015794017035
- Package Quantity: 60 Veggie Caps
- Dimensions: 3.4 x 1.6 x 1.6 in, 0.2 lbs (0.09 kg)
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- Established 1971
- Certified Gluten-Free
- Supports The Production of Hormones
- Dietary Supplement
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Pregnenolone plays a supporting role in the production of hormones.
This product has been manufactured at a GMP Registered facility.
Yes Certified Gluten Free by GFCO.org
Yes Certified Vegan by the AVA
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No Yeast or Wheat
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No Salt or Sugar
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Suggested Use
Directions: Adults take one (1) capsule daily with food or as directed by a health care professional. As a reminder, discuss the supplements and medications that you take with your health care providers.
Other Ingredients
Cellulose, cellulose (capsule shell), calcium silicate, silica, magnesium stearate.
Not for use by persons under the age of 18 years. Do not use if pregnant or nursing or if you are a woman of childbearing age.
Consult a physician or licensed qualified health care professional before using this product, if you have, or have a family history of, prostate cancer, prostate enlargement, heart disease, low 'good' cholesterol (HDL), are under medical care, are a woman under the age of 40, have or are at risk for a health or medical condition, or if you are using any other dietary supplement, prescription drug or over-the-counter drug (medications) or planning surgery. Do not exceed recommended serving. Exceeding recommended serving may cause serious adverse health effects. Possible side effects include acne, oily skin, hair loss, hair growth on the face (in women), increased perspiration, aggressiveness, irritability and increased levels of estrogen. Discontinue use and call a physician or licensed qualified health care professional immediately if you experience rapid heartbeat, dizziness, blurred vision or other similar symptoms. Keep out of reach of children.
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|Supplement Facts
|Serving Size: 1 capsule
|Amount Per Serving
|% Daily Value
|Vitamin C (from 100 mg ascorbyl palmitate)
|21 mg
|10 mg
|* Daily Value not established.
This is the father of Adrenal hormones, when you take Pregnenolone your body will decide what hormones it needs then manufacture them from Pregnenolone. This will give your Adrenals a break, to recover. Start with 10mg and increase your dose until you get better, don't take more than 50mg daily. It's recommended that you take Adrenal Cortex, Thorne might be the best brand for Adrenal Cortex since their product is processed to remove hormones, you should take it for that reason. A Cortisol Saliva test is really a good place to start, if you can't afford it then Thorne Adrenal Cortex is your answer. Please visit my page for more reviews Good luck
I have sub-clinical low hormone levels, and this product has been a total life saver. It has helped to alleviate my severe headaches, chronic nausea, joint aches, muscle stiffness, foggy thinking, menstrual pain, and some of my fatigue and anxiety. I have tried other brands, but this brand is definitely more potent.
Cures my insomnia
Posted by Reviewer2197997 on May 02, 2015
I used to have terrible insomnia with PMS. This completely alieviates it. Within 30 minutes of taking, i feel mellow and happy.
No effect on me at all
Posted by MyPersonalReview on Jan 13, 2014
Sad to know it is not working for me at all through scienctific research has great promise on it.. Do click my username NOW and view my page in Iherb to see all the reviews I have written of those purchased products I ordered in Iherb. ( It may takes days to months before I write the review as I need to try them thoroughly ensuring the preciseness and accurate experience taking in comparison to the thousands of page of research papers I have read which is the main reason leading me to buy the product from Iherb because simply, I want to contribute myself in this humanity world.
The answer to the question "how to recover from Adrenal Fatigue?"
Posted by MichaelLabib on Oct 26, 2013
This is the father of Adrenal hormones, when you take Pregnenolone your body will decide what hormones it needs then manufacture them from Pregnenolone. This will give your Adrenals a break, to recover. Start with 10mg and increase your dose until you get better, don't take more than 50mg daily. It's recommended that you take Adrenal Cortex, Thorne might be the best brand for Adrenal Cortex since their product is processed to remove hormones, you should take it for that reason. A Cortisol Saliva test is really a good place to start, if you can't afford it then Thorne Adrenal Cortex is your answer. Please visit my page for more reviews Good luck
pregnenolone effect
Posted by Reviewer1808614 on Jun 21, 2013
I have been more emotional after using a half of 10 mg pregnenolone cap. The effect was contradictory. I will continue till will have more definite conclusion
Don't know...
Posted by Reviewer1018789 on Jul 02, 2011
The price is right, the product is relatively pure, but whether it works or not I can't really say. I've not seen any difference taking one a day.


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Questions from elstep
Thread Vein Laser Treatment Caused Neuralgia
I had laser on my upper lip for a thread vein. I screamed when it was being done (as if my nerve had been hit). after the treatment i came out in a tiny white blister,... READ MORE
Trigeminal Neuralgia Following Vein Treatment
Hi i developed trigeminal neuralgia after having a spider vein removed by laser. Is it possible that my trigeminal nerve was startled (for use of a better word) as in time this... READ MORE
Spider Veins Results In Neurolgia
Spider vein treatment from laser resulted in me having an episode of neurolgia do you think this is possible a result of the spider vein treatment which was to a vein coming... READ MORE
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text:
The Church at Brook Hills, Birmingham, official partnership with Moody Radiocomment (0)
January 23, 2014
Moody Radio and Radical, the resource ministry of David Platt, pastor of The Church at Brook Hills, Birmingham, have announced an official partnership for a new daily teaching program called Radical with David Platt. The program will be 24 minutes and features Platt's teaching from The Church at Brook Hills and various conferences. The program will air on Moody Radio owned and operated stations and select affiliates during the spring.


text:
Looking back over the 2011 thread is very stimulating. We sowed quite a bit of home collected seed last autumn and this is mostly outside in a cold frame; germination probably won't occur for a couple of months, though our mlld winter so far may not be sufficient to provide the stratification that is necessary for some plants. I am now going through seed from Alplains, Holubec and other collectors, and the seed exchanges to divide it into groups requiring different conditions. Quite a bit will go into the fridge after sowing for 6 to 8 weeks. We have sown other seed that needs no cold treatment in a propagator in the greenhouse but the lower light levels in the winter do lead to etiolation in some species (though not all). Great way of spending a winter's day...
Seed starting chronicles 2012
Tim wrote:
Great way of spending a winter's day...
Agreed!! ;D I plan on sowing seed today from the American Primrose society exchange and putting them under the growlights indoors. My NARGS seed haven't arrived yet, so I need to save space for them, which will be a struggle as there is only so much space under the lights and always way too many seeds to sow!
Euphorbia rigida - sown in greenhouse, germinated rapidly (seed had been stored for 7 years so very pleasing to get good germination)
Lesquerella intermedia & fendleri (SWNS)
Stachys coccinea (SWNS)
Chilopsis linearis (SWNS)
Erysimum wheeleri (SWNS) - all these sown with bottom heat in greenhouse
(there are also several yuccas germinating as above from 10/11 year old seed from Ron Ratko, and a couple of dudleya of similar age)
Lupinus versicolor - sown as the Euphorbia after chipping seed
Lomatium utriculatum - home saved seed sown outside in a cold frame (hadn't expected such rapid germination)
(I now have to remove the food from our fridge in the garage to make room for all the pots sown this January!)
Be glad you have that huge property! Where else should you plant all those plants ;)
Tim, so glad you started this 2012 topic, one of my favs for sure. And thanks for making your photo large enough to see it full size to see all those perky seedlings and read the plant labels. Good crop of southwesterners coming up there. I've always wanted to try growing Desert Willow (Chilopsis linearis); but I don't think it could survive our New England climate. It is rated zone 7-10, and for some smaller plants I will sometimes try "pushing the hardiness envelope" a bit, but my few attempts at doing that with shrubs (like Cistus, some maples) have failed, the winter cold is just too much for them. In a few (very few) cases, I've had some luck with southwestern shrubbies, one of my favorites is Philadelphus microphyllus from SWNS a number of years ago, and perfectly hardy.
Tim, did these all (except the Erysimum) germinate at room temperature?
And except for the mentioned chipping, was there any pretreatment?
Any tips for sowing/germinating Geranium fremontii? I came across a mention of scarification and a 24 hour soak, which I have not heard of for other Geraniums??
It seemed like unusual advice to me too, Cohan, but I was surprised to see that scarification is recommended in the Alplains catalogue for G. viscosissimum (after which just the usual 70-degree-ish conditions are recommended, if I'm remembering the meaning of the codes correctly).
I had to look that species up. This article suggests that "Geranium fremontii" may be more correctly known as G. caespitosum, and that fremontii may be just a variety, which USDA Plants seems to agree with.
The 24 hour soak recommendation is still odd, though. Dr. Deno's work (First Supplement to the Second Edition of Seed Germination Theory and Practice) doesn't support it. He reports that pre-soaking prior to germinating in moist conditions either did not give significantly faster germination, or actually risked seed death by inhibiting its access to oxygen and causing asphyxiation. I know it's something some people like to do, however.
I have sometimes tried chipping geranium seed and think it can be effective, especially if you only have a few seed of something really special. I've not soaked them but normally just sit seed pots in water overnight which is likely to imbibe the seed pretty well. (When I was working in science I was chastised for watering all the freshly sown seed of Sweet Peas being used in genetic studies of their flowering - I was looking after the greenhouse over the weekend! - I have been very wary of soaking legume seed for too long ever since!).
Rick - all these seed except the Lomatium and Euphorbia were started off with bottom heat in the greenhouse - I suppose equivalent to 'room temperatures' and then removed to the lightest spot in the greenhouse once germinated. So they will now experience quite warm days and cool nights and I am not too keen that they grow too quickly! (probably should have sown some of them rather later in the spring but there is always too much to do then).
With respect to Geranium viscosissimum, I have had excellent success using a couple methods. Scarifying the seeds between folds of 100-grit sandpaper and exposing them to conventional (warm, moist, and well-illuminated) growing conditions resulted in 80% germination within two weeks. I achieved comparable germination by enclosing the seeds in a foil packet and submerging them in boiling water for 10 seconds, exposing them to 8 weeks of cold-moist stratification, than transferring them to a warm environment. Germination began during the cold treatment and continued during the warm phase. I'd guess that the cold treatment was unnecessary for this species, but it did no damage. Failure to scarify, or to expose the seeds to a longer period of boiling water, resulted in no germination. Alternatively, direct seeding (also known as neglecting to deadhead) resulted in many seedlings in the garden.
Now why would 'direct seeding' result in a high germination rate when there was neither scarification nor the boiling water treatment? I know nature is always 'right,' but what is it about plants just dropping seeds that makes the germination rates so high when if we do the same thing, we get nothing?


text:
The peanut, or groundnut (Arachis hypogaea), is a species in the legume or "bean" family (Fabaceae). The peanut was probably first domesticated and cultivated in the valleys of Paraguay.[1] It is an annual herbaceous plant growing 30 to 50 cm (1.0 to 1.6 ft) tall. The leaves are opposite, pinnate with four leaflets (two opposite pairs; no terminal leaflet), each leaflet 1 to 7 cm (⅜ to 2¾ in) long and 1 to 3 cm (⅜ to 1 inch) broad.
The flowers are a typical peaflower in shape, 2 to 4 cm (0.8 to 1.6 in) (¾ to 1½ in) across, yellow with reddish veining. Hypogaea means "under the earth"; after pollination, the flower stalk elongates causing it to bend until the ovary touches the ground. Continued stalk growth then pushes the ovary underground where the mature fruit develops into a legume pod, the peanut – a classical example of geocarpy. Pods are 3 to 7 cm (1.2 to 2.8 in) long, containing 1 to 4 seeds.[2]
Peanuts are known by many other local names such as earthnuts, ground nuts, goober peas, monkey nuts, pygmy nuts and pig nuts.[3][4][5] Despite its name and appearance, the peanut is not a nut, but rather a legume.
The domesticated peanut is an amphidiploid or allotetraploid, meaning that it has two sets of chromosomes from two different species, thought to be A. duranensis and A. ipaensis. These likely combined in the wild to form the tetraploid species A. monticola, which gave rise to the domesticated peanut.[6] This domestication might have taken place in Paraguay or Bolivia, where the wildest strains grow today. Many pre-Columbian cultures, such as the Moche, depicted peanuts in their art.[7]
Archeologists have dated the oldest specimens to about 7,600 years, found in Peru.[8] Cultivation spread as far as Mesoamerica, where the Spanish conquistadors found the tlalcacahuatl (Nahuatl = "peanut", whence Mexican Spanish, cacahuate and French, cacahuète) being offered for sale in the marketplace of Tenochtitlan (Mexico City). The plant was later spread worldwide by European traders.
Although the peanut was mainly a garden crop for much of the colonial period of North America, it was mostly used as animal feed stock until the 1930s.[9] In the United States, a US Department of Agriculture program (see below) to encourage agricultural production and human consumption of peanuts was instituted in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. George Washington Carver is well known for his participation in that program in which he developed hundreds of recipes for peanuts.
The orange-veined, yellow-petaled, pea-like flower of the Arachis hypogaea is borne in axillary clusters above ground. Following self-pollination, the flowers fade and wither. The stalk at the base of the ovary, called the pedicel, elongates rapidly, and turns downward to bury the fruits several inches in the ground, where they complete their development. The entire plant, including most of the roots, is removed from the soil during harvesting.[10] The fruits have wrinkled shells that are constricted between pairs of the one to four (usually two) seeds per pod.
Peanuts grow best in light, sandy loam soil. They require five months of warm weather, and an annual rainfall of 500 to 1,000 mm (20 to 39 in) or the equivalent in irrigation water.[11]
The pods ripen 120 to 150 days after the seeds are planted. If the crop is harvested too early, the pods will be unripe. If they are harvested late, the pods will snap off at the stalk, and will remain in the soil.[10] They need an acidic soil to grow preferably with 5.9-7 pH.
Peanuts are particularly susceptible to contamination during growth and storage. Poor storage of peanuts can lead to an infection by the mold fungus Aspergillus flavus, releasing the toxic and highly carcinogenic substance aflatoxin. The aflatoxin-producing molds exist throughout the peanut growing areas and may produce aflatoxin in peanuts when conditions are favorable to fungal growth.
Harvesting occurs in two stages[citation needed]: In mechanized systems, a machine is used to cut off the main root of the peanut plant by cutting through the soil just below the level of the peanut pods. The machine lifts the "bush" from the ground and shakes it, then inverts the bush, leaving the plant upside down on the ground to keep the peanuts out of the soil. This allows the peanuts to dry slowly to a bit less than a third of their original moisture level over a period of three to four days. Traditionally, peanuts were pulled and inverted by hand.
After the peanuts have dried sufficiently, they are threshed, removing the peanut pods from the rest of the bush.[10]
Cultivation in China
The peanut was introduced to China by Portuguese traders in the 17th century and another variety by American missionaries in the 19th century.[citation needed]
They became popular and are featured in many Chinese dishes, often being boiled. During the 1980s, peanut production began to increase so greatly that as of 2006, China was the world's largest peanut producer. A major factor in this increase was the household-responsibility system, which moved financial control from the government to the farmers.[12][13]
China leads in production of peanuts, having a share of about 41.5% of overall world production, followed by India (18.2%) and the United States of America (6.8%). In Europe, the leading producer is Greece, at roughly 2000 tons per year.[citation needed]
(Million Metric Tons)
|People's Republic of China
|United States
Source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service: Table 13 Peanut Area, Yield, and Production
Cultivars in the United States
|The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. (January 2010)
|This section does not cite any references or sources. (October 2011)
Thousands of peanut cultivars are grown, with four major cultivar groups being the most popular: Spanish, Runner, Virginia, and Valencia. There are also Tennessee red and white groups.[citation needed] Certain cultivar groups are preferred for particular uses because of differences in flavor, oil content, size, shape, and disease resistance. For many uses, the different cultivars are interchangeable. Most peanuts marketed in the shell are of the Virginia type, along with some Valencias selected for large size and the attractive appearance of the shell. Spanish peanuts are used mostly for peanut candy, salted nuts, and peanut butter. Most Runners are used to make peanut butter.
The various types are distinguished by branching habit and branch length. There are numerous varieties of each type of peanut. There are two main growth forms, bunch and runner. Bunch types grow upright, while runner types grow near the ground.
Each year, new cultivars of peanuts are bred and introduced. Introducing a new cultivar may mean changes in the planting rate, adjusting the planter, harvester, dryer, cleaner, sheller, and the method of marketing.
Spanish group
The small Spanish types are grown in South Africa, and in the southwestern and southeastern US. Prior to 1940, 90% of the peanuts grown in Georgia, USA, were Spanish types, but the trend since then has been larger-seeded, higher-yielding, more disease-resistant cultivars. Spanish peanuts have a higher oil content than other types of peanuts, and in the US are now primarily grown in New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas.
Cultivars of the Spanish group include 'Dixie Spanish', 'Improved Spanish 2B', 'GFA Spanish', 'Argentine', 'Spantex', 'Spanette', 'Shaffers Spanish', 'Natal Common (Spanish)', "White Kernel Varieties', 'Starr', 'Comet', 'Florispan', 'Spanhoma', 'Spancross', 'OLin', 'Tamspan 90', 'AT 9899-14', 'Spanco', 'Wilco I', 'GG 2', 'GG 4', 'TMV 2', and 'Tamnut 06'.
Runner group
Since 1940, the southeastern US region has seen a shift to production of Runner group peanuts. This shift is due to good flavor, better roasting characteristics and higher yields when compared to Spanish types, leading to food manufacturers' preference for the use in peanut butter and salted nuts. Georgia's production is now almost 100% Runner type.[citation needed]
Cultivars of Runners include 'Southeastern Runner 56-15', 'Dixie Runner', 'Early Runner', 'Virginia Bunch 67', 'Bradford Runner', 'Egyptian Giant' (also known as 'Virginia Bunch' and 'Giant'), 'Rhodesian Spanish Bunch' (Valencia and Virginia Bunch), 'North Carolina Runner 56-15', 'Florunner', 'Virugard', 'Georgia Green', 'Tamrun 96', 'Flavor Runner 458', 'Tamrun OL01', 'Tamrun OL02' 'AT-120', 'Andru-93', 'Southern Runner', 'AT1-1', 'Georgia Brown', 'GK-7',and 'AT-108'.
Virginia group
The large seeded Virginia group peanuts are grown in the US states of Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and parts of Georgia. They are increasing in popularity due to demand for large peanuts for processing, particularly for salting, confections, and roasting in the shells.
Virginia group peanuts are either bunch or running in growth habit. The bunch type is upright to spreading. It attains a height of 45 to 55 cm (18 to 22 in), and a spread of 70 to 80 cm (28 to 31 in), with 80 to 90 cm (31 to 35 in) rows that seldom cover the ground. The pods are borne within 5 to 10 cm of the base of the plant.
Cultivars of Virginia type peanuts include 'NC 7', 'NC 9', 'NC 10C', 'NC-V 11', 'VA 93B', 'NC 12C', 'VA-C 92R', 'Gregory', 'VA 98R', 'Perry', 'Wilson, 'Hull', 'AT VC-2' and' Shulamit'
Valencia group
Valencia group peanuts are coarse, and they have heavy reddish stems and large foliage. In the United States, large commercial production is primarily in the South Plains of West Texas and eastern New Mexico near and south of Portales, New Mexico, but they are grown on a small scale elsewhere in the South as the best-flavored and preferred type for boiled peanuts[by whom?]. They are comparatively tall, having a height of 125 cm (49 in) and a spread of 75 cm (30 in). Peanut pods are borne on pegs arising from the main stem and the side branches. Most of the pods are clustered around the base of the plant, and only a few are found several inches away. Valencia types are three- to five-seeded and smooth, with no constriction of the shell between the seeds. Seeds are oval and tightly crowded into the pods. Typical seed weight is 0.4 to 0.5 g. This type is used heavily for sale roasted and salted in-shell peanuts and peanut butter. Varieties include 'Valencia A' and 'Valencia C'.
Tennessee Red and Tennessee White groups
These are alike, except for the color of the seed. Sometimes known also as Texas Red or White, the plants are similar to Valencia types, except the stems are green to greenish brown, and the pods are rough, irregular, and have a smaller proportion of kernels.
Varied applications
|This section does not cite any references or sources. (October 2011)
Peanuts have many uses. They can be eaten raw, used in recipes, made into solvents and oils, medicines, textile materials, and peanut butter, as well as many other uses. Popular confections made from peanuts include salted peanuts, peanut butter (sandwiches, peanut candy bars, peanut butter cookies, and cups), peanut brittle, and shelled nuts (plain/roasted). Salted peanuts are usually roasted in oil and packed in retail-size plastic bags or hermetically sealed cans. Dry roasted salted peanuts are also marketed in significant quantities. Peanuts are often a major ingredient in mixed nuts because of their relative cost compared to Brazil nuts, cashews, walnuts, and so on. Although peanut butter has been a tradition on camping trips and the like because of its high protein content and because it resists spoiling for long periods of time, the primary use of peanut butter is in the home. Large quantities are also used in the commercial manufacture of sandwiches, candy, and bakery products. Boiled peanuts are a preparation of raw, unshelled green peanuts boiled in brine and often eaten as a snack. More recently, fried peanut recipes have emerged – allowing both shell and nut to be eaten. Peanuts are also used in a wide variety of other areas, such as cosmetics, nitroglycerin, plastics, dyes and paints.
Peanut oil
Peanut oil is often used in cooking, because it has a mild flavor and a relatively high smoke point. Due to its high monounsaturated content, it is considered more healthy than saturated oils, and is resistant to rancidity. There are several types of peanut oil including: aromatic roasted peanut oil, refined peanut oil, extra virgin or cold pressed peanut oil and peanut extract. In the United States, refined peanut oil is exempt from allergen labeling laws.[14]
Peanut flour
Peanut flour is lower in fat than peanut butter, and is popular with chefs because its high protein content makes it suitable as a flavor enhancer[citation needed]. Peanut flour is used as a gluten-free solution.
Boiled peanuts
Boiled peanuts are a popular snack in the southern United States, as well as in India, China and West Africa.
Dry roasted peanuts
Dry peanuts can be roasted in the shell in a home oven if spread out one layer deep in a pan and baked at a temperature of 350°F or 177°C for 18-20 minutes.
|This section does not cite any references or sources. (July 2011)
South America
Peanuts are used in many sauces for South American meat dishes, especially rabbit. Peanuts are common in Peruvian cuisine, which marries native and European ingredients. For instance, roasted peanuts and hot peppers, both native to South America, appear with roasted onions, garlic, and oil—all of European origin—in a smooth sauce poured over boiled potatoes, a dish well known in the city Arequipa and called papas con ocopa. Another example is a fricassee combining a similar mixture with sautéed seafood or boiled and shredded chicken. These dishes are generally known as ajíes, meaning "hot peppers", such as ají de pollo and ají de mariscos. (Seafood ajíes may omit peanuts.)
Likewise, during Colonial times, the Spanish in Peru used peanuts to replace nuts unavailable in Peru but used extensively in Spanish cuisine, such as almonds, pine nuts, and other nuts, typically ground or as paste and mixed with rice, meats, and vegetables for dishes such as rice pilaf.
Southwest Asia
Crunchy coated peanuts, called kabukim in Hebrew, are a popular snack in Israel. Kabukim are commonly sold by weight at corner stores where fresh nuts and seeds are sold, though they are also available packaged. The coating typically consists of flour, salt, starch, lecithin, and sometimes sesame seeds. An additional variety of crunchy coated peanuts popular in Israel is "American peanuts". The coating of this variety is thinner, but harder to crack. The origin of the name is obscure.(It may be derived from kabuk which means nutshell or husk in Turkish.)
Another popular Israeli peanut snack, Bamba puffs, is similar in shape to Cheez Doodles, but are made of corn and flavored with peanut butter.
Southeast Asia
Peanuts are also widely used in Southeast Asian cuisine, particularly Indonesia, where they are typically made into a spicy sauce. Peanuts originally came to Indonesia from the Philippines, where the legume came from Mexico in times of Spanish colonization.
Common Indonesian peanut-based dishes include gado-gado, pecel, karedok and ketoprak, all vegetable salads mixed with peanut sauce, and the peanut-based sauce for satay.
In the Indian subcontinent, peanuts are known as a light snack by themselves, usually roasted and salted (sometimes with the addition of chilli powder), and often sold roasted in pod, or boiled with salt. They are also made into little dessert or sweet snack pieces by processing with refined sugar and jaggery. Indian cuisine uses roasted, crushed peanuts to give a crunchy body to salads; they are added whole (without pods) to leafy vegetable stews for the same reason. Another use of peanut oil as cooking oil. Most Indians use mustard, sunflower, and peanut oil for cooking. Peanuts are not native to India. They are thought to have come to India from Philippines. Notably, the name of this nut in northern parts of Tamil Nadu is 'மணிலாக் கொட்டை'- slang மல்லாக் கொட்டை- (Manila-k-kottai) means nut from Manila, the capital city of Philippines.
West Africa
Peanuts grow well in southern Mali and adjacent regions of the Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Nigeria and Senegal. Peanut sauce, prepared with onions, garlic, peanut butter/paste, and vegetables such as carrots, cabbage ao cauliflower, can be vegetarian (the peanuts supplying ample protein) or prepared with meat, usually chicken.
Peanuts are used in the Mali meat stew maafe. In Ghana, peanut butter is used for peanut butter soup nkate nkwan.[15] Crushed peanuts may also be used for peanut candies nkate cake and kuli-kuli, as well as other local foods such as oto.[15] Peanut butter is also an ingredient in Nigeria's "African salad".
Peanut powder is an important ingredient in the spicy coating for kebabs in Nigeria and Ghana.
East Africa
Peanuts are a common ingredient of several types of relishes (dishes which accompany nshima) eaten by the tribes in Malawi and in the eastern part of Zambia, and these dishes are now common throughout both countries. Thick peanut butter sauces are also made in Uganda to go with rice and other starchy foods. Across East Africa, roasted peanuts (often in cones of newspaper) are a popular snack sold in the street.
North America
In the US, peanuts are used in candies, cakes, cookies, and other sweets. They are also enjoyed roasted and salted. Peanut butter is one of the most popular peanut-based foods in the US, and for four hundred years, recipes for peanut soup have been present in the South, Virginia in particular. In some southern portions of the US, peanuts are boiled for several hours until soft and moist. Peanuts are also deep-fried, shell and all.
Peanuts are used to help fight malnutrition. Plumpy Nut, MANA Nutrition,[16] and Medika Mamba[17] are high-protein, high-energy and high-nutrient peanut-based pastes developed to be used as a therapeutic food to aid in famine relief. The World Health Organization, UNICEF, Project Peanut Butter and Doctors Without Borders have used these products to help save malnourished children in developing countries.
Other uses
Peanuts can be used like other legumes and grains to make a lactose-free milk-like beverage, peanut milk. Peanut plant tops are used for hay.
Low-grade or culled peanuts not suitable for the edible market are used in the production of peanut oil for manufacturing.[citation needed] The protein cake (oilcake meal) residue from oil processing is used as an animal feed and as a soil fertilizer. Low-grade peanuts are also widely sold as a garden bird feed.
Peanuts have a variety of industrial end uses. Paint, varnish, lubricating oil, leather dressings, furniture polish, insecticides, and nitroglycerin are made from peanut oil. Soap is made from saponified oil, and many cosmetics contain peanut oil and its derivatives. The protein portion is used in the manufacture of some textile fibers. Peanut shells are used in the manufacture of plastic, wallboard, abrasives, fuel, cellulose (used in rayon and paper) and mucilage (glue). Rudolf Diesel ran some of the first engines that bear his name on peanut oil[18] and it is still seen as a potentially useful fuel.[19]
Nutritional value
|Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
|2,385 kJ (570 kcal)
|21 g
|- Sugars
|0.0 g
|- Dietary fiber
|9 g
|48 g
|- saturated
|7 g
|- monounsaturated
|24 g
|- polyunsaturated
|16 g
|25 g
|- Tryptophan
|0.2445 g
|- Threonine
|0.859 g
|- Isoleucine
|0.882 g
|- Leucine
|1.627 g
|- Lysine
|0.901 g
|- Methionine
|0.308 g
|- Cystine
|0.322 g
|- Phenylalanine
|1.300 g
|- Tyrosine
|1.020 g
|- Valine
|1.052 g
|- Arginine
|3.001 g
|- Histidine
|0.634 g
|- Alanine
|0.997 g
|- Aspartic acid
|3.060 g
|- Glutamic acid
|5.243 g
|- Glycine
|1.512 g
|- Proline
|1.107 g
|- Serine
|1.236 g
|4.26 g
|Thiamine (vit. B1)
|0.6 mg (52%)
|Niacin (vit. B3)
|12.9 mg (86%)
|Pantothenic acid (B5)
|1.8 mg (36%)
|Vitamin B6
|0.3 mg (23%)
|Folate (vit. B9)
|246 μg (62%)
|Vitamin C
|0.0 mg (0%)
|62 mg (6%)
|2 mg (15%)
|184 mg (52%)
|336 mg (48%)
|332 mg (7%)
|3.3 mg (35%)
|Percentages are relative to
US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient Database
Peanuts are rich in nutrients, providing over 30 essential nutrients and phytonutrients. Peanuts are a good source of niacin, folate, fiber, magnesium, vitamin E, manganese and phosphorus. They also are naturally free of trans-fats and sodium, and contain about 25% protein (a higher proportion than in any true nut).[20]
Peanuts are a good source of niacin, and thus contribute to brain health and blood flow.[21]
Recent research on peanuts has found antioxidants and other chemicals that may provide health benefits.[22] New research shows peanuts rival the antioxidant content of many fruits. Roasted peanuts rival the antioxidant content of blackberries and strawberries, and are far richer in antioxidants than carrots or beets. Research published in the journal Food Chemistry shows that peanuts contain high concentrations of antioxidant polyphenols, primarily a compound called p-coumaric acid, and that roasting can increase peanuts' p-coumaric acid levels, boosting their overall antioxidant content by as much as 22%.[23]
Peanuts are a significant source of resveratrol, a chemical associated with but not proven to cause a reduction in risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer.[24]
The average amount of resveratrol in one ounce of commonly eaten peanuts (15 whole peanut kernels) is 73 μg.[25]
Coenzyme Q10
Peanuts are a source of coenzyme Q10, as are oily fish, beef, soybeans and spinach.[26]
Health concerns
Some people (1-2% of the United States population) have mild to severe allergic reactions to peanut exposure; symptoms can range from watery eyes to anaphylactic shock, which can be fatal if untreated. For these individuals, eating a small amount of peanuts can cause a reaction. Because of their widespread use in prepared and packaged foods, the avoidance of peanuts is difficult. Some foods processed in facilities which also handle peanuts may carry warnings on their labels indicating such.
A hypothesis of the development of peanut allergy has to do with the way peanuts are processed in North America versus other countries, such as Pakistan and China, where peanuts are widely eaten. According to a 2003 study, roasting peanuts, as more commonly done in North America, causes the major peanut allergen Ara h2 to become a stronger inhibitor of the digestive enzyme trypsin, making it more resistant to digestion.[27] Additionally, this allergen has also been shown to protect Ara h1, another major peanut allergen, from digestion — a characteristic further enhanced by roasting.[27]
Another hypothesis, called the hygiene hypothesis, states that a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents like germs and parasites could be causing the increase of food allergies.[28]
Recent (2008) studies comparing age of peanut introduction in Great Britain with introduction in Israel appear to show that delaying exposure to peanuts can dramatically increase the risk of developing peanut allergies.[29][30]
Results from some animal studies (and limited evidence from human subjects) suggest that the dose of peanuts is an important mediator of peanut sensitisation and tolerance; low doses tend to lead to sensitisation and higher doses tend to lead to tolerance.[31]
Peanut allergy has been associated with the use of skin preparations containing peanut oil among children, but the evidence is not regarded as conclusive.[32] Peanut allergies have also been associated with family history and intake of soy products.[32]
Though the allergy can last a lifetime, another 2003 study indicates that 23.3% of children will outgrow a peanut allergy.[33]
Some school districts in the United States have banned peanuts.[34][35][36] There are experimental techniques which appear to have desensitized some allergic individuals.[37] The most popular technique, oral immunotherapy, works to create desensitization in those allergic by feeding them small amounts of peanuts until their body becomes desensitized. Some progress is possibly being made in the UK, where researchers at Cambridge are studying the effectiveness of the desensitization technique.[38]
Research indicates that refined peanut oil will not cause allergic reactions in most people with peanut allergies.[39] However, crude (unrefined) peanut oils are strongly flavoured, and have been shown to contain protein, which may cause allergic reactions.[40] In a randomized, double-blind crossover study, 60 people with proven peanut allergy were challenged with both crude peanut oil and refined peanut oil. The authors conclude, "Crude peanut oil caused allergic reactions in 10% of allergic subjects studied and should continue to be avoided." They also state, "Refined peanut oil does not seem to pose a risk to most people with peanut allergy." However, they point out that refined peanut oil can still pose a risk to peanut-allergic individuals if oil that has previously been used to cook foods containing peanuts is reused.[41]
Contamination with aflatoxin
Peanuts may be contaminated with the mold Aspergillus flavus which produces a carcinogenic substance called aflatoxin. Lower quality specimens, particularly where mold is evident, are more likely to be contaminated.[42] The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) tests every truckload of raw peanuts for aflatoxin; any containing aflatoxin levels of more than 15 parts per billion are destroyed. The peanut industry has manufacturing steps in place to ensure all peanuts are inspected for aflatoxin.[43] Peanuts are also processed at a high temperature to ensure any microorganisms are killed.
Cardiovascular disease
A 1974 study suggested that consuming large amounts of peanut oil can cause clogging of the arteries. Robert Wissler of the University of Chicago reported that diets high in peanut oil, when combined with cholesterol intake, clogged the arteries of Rhesus monkeys more than butterfat.[44] However, subsequent work has cast serious doubt on those findings. In the Rhesus study, monkeys were being fed 20 times higher than normal dietary quantities of cholesterol in addition to peanut oil. When a similar study was performed without abnormal doses of cholesterol, no such effect was seen.[45] In fact, peanut oil has been found to lower LDL (bad) cholesterol without reducing beneficial HDL cholesterol.[46]
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) program
George Washington Carver is often credited with inventing 300 different uses for peanuts[47] (which, contrary to popular belief, did not include peanut butter but did include salted peanuts). Carver was one of many USDA researchers[48][49][50][51][52][53][54] who encouraged cotton farmers in the South to grow peanuts instead of, or in addition to, cotton, because cotton had depleted so much nitrogen from the soil, and one of the peanut's properties as a legume is to put nitrogen back into the soil (a process known as nitrogen fixation). Rising demand for peanuts in the early 20th century was due to a shortage of plant oils during World War I and the growing popularity of peanut butter, roasted peanuts and peanut candies.[55] Peanut products originating around the early 20th century include many brands still sold today such as Cracker Jack (1893), Planters peanuts (1906), Oh Henry! candy bar (1920), Baby Ruth candy bar (1920), Butterfinger candy bar (1923), Mr. Goodbar candy bar (1925), Reese's Peanut Butter Cup (1925), and Peter Pan (peanut butter) (1928).
Peanuts were designated by the U.S. Congress to be one of America's basic crops. To protect domestic industry by keeping prices artificially high, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) aids peanut farmers through commodity programs.[citation needed] In the 2008 Farm Bill, the marketing quota for peanuts was eliminated and the Price Support Program was switched to a Direct and Counter-Cyclical Payment Program. Direct and counter-cyclical payments provide benefits to producers with eligible historical production of peanuts whenever the effective price is less than the targeted price.[citation needed]
Although India and China are the world's largest producers of peanuts, they account for a small part of international trade because most of their production is consumed domestically as peanut oil. Exports of peanuts from India and China are equivalent to less than 4% of world trade. The major producers/exporters of peanuts are the United States, Argentina, Sudan, Senegal, and Brazil. These five countries account for 71% of total world exports. In recent years,[vague] the United States has been the leading exporter of peanuts.
The major peanut importers are the European Union (EU), Canada, and Japan. These three areas account for 78% of the world's imports.[citation needed] Most of Canada's peanut butter is processed from Chinese peanuts.[citation needed] Two thirds of U.S. imports are roasted, unshelled peanuts. The major suppliers are Taiwan, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Mainland China, and Canada.[citation needed] The principal suppliers of shelled peanut imports are Argentina and Canada. Imports of peanut butter from Argentina are in the form of a paste and must be further processed. Other minor suppliers of peanut butter include Malawi, China, India, and Singapore.
The European Union is the largest consuming region in the world that does not produce peanuts. All of its consumption is supplied by imports. Consumption of peanuts in the EU is primarily as food, mostly as roasted-in-shell peanuts and as shelled peanuts used in confectionery and bakery products.
The average annual U.S. imports of peanuts are less than 0.5% of U.S. consumption.
Georgia is the leading peanut producing state in the U.S., followed by Texas and Alabama, respectively.[56] About half of all peanuts produced in the United States are grown within a 100 mi (160 km) radius of Dothan, Alabama.[57] Dothan is home to the National Peanut Festival established in 1938 and held each fall to honor peanut growers and celebrate the harvest.[58]
Ninety percent of India's production is processed into peanut oil. Only a nominal amount of hand-picked select-grade peanuts are exported. India prohibits the importation of all oil seeds,[citation needed] including peanuts.
See also
- ^ "World Geography of the Peanut". University of Georgia. 2004-01-02. http://www.lanra.uga.edu/peanut/knowledgebase/. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- ^ The peanut Alergy Answer Book ,Michael C. Young, Fair Winds publishing, 2006, ISBN 1-59233-233-1
- ^ "Webster's dictionary". http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2007-06/vu-eeo062507.php. Retrieved 2010-12-12.
- ^ "Dictionary.die.net". http://dictionary.die.net/earthnut. Retrieved 2010-12-12.
- ^ "Bird feeding on About.com". http://birding.about.com/od/birdfeeders/a/peanuts.htm. Retrieved 2010-12-12.
- ^ Seijo, Guillermo; Graciela I. Lavia, Aveliano Fernandez, Antonio Krapovickas, Daniel A. Ducasse, David J. Bertioli, Eduardo A. Moscone (2007-12-01). "Genomic relationships between the cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea, Leguminosae) and its close relatives revealed by double GISH". Am. J. Bot. 94 (12): 1963–1971. doi:10.3732/ajb.94.12.1963. PMID 21636391. http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/abstract/94/12/1963. Retrieved 2010-07-05.
- ^ Berrin, Katherine & Larco Museum. The Spirit of Ancient Peru: Treasures from the Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1997.
- ^ Dillehay, Tom D.. "Earliest-known evidence of peanut, cotton and squash farming found". http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2007-06/vu-eeo062507.php. Retrieved 2007-06-29.
- ^ Putnam, D.H., et al. 1991. Peanut. University of Wisconsin-Extension Cooperative Extension: Alternative Field Crops Manual.
- ^ a b c "How peanuts are Grown – Harvesting – PCA". Peanut Company of Australia. Archived from the original on July 19, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080719165546/http://www.pca.com.au/howgrown.php?subaction=showfull&id=1207540158&archive=&start_from=&ucat=25&. Retrieved 2011-05-30.
- ^ Jauron, Richard (1997-02-05). "Growing Peanuts in the Home Garden | Horticulture and Home Pest News". Ipm.iastate.edu. http://www.ipm.iastate.edu/ipm/hortnews/1997/5-2-1997/peanuts.html. Retrieved 2011-05-30.
- ^ Yao, G (2004) (PDF). Peanut Production and Utilization in the People's Republic of China. University of Georgia. http://www.lanra.uga.edu/peanut/download/china.pdf.
- ^ Butterworth, J; Wu, X. (2004-01-03) (PDF). China, Peoples Republic of Oilseeds and Products China's Peanut Sector. USDA Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN Report. http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200404/146106011.pdf.
- ^ "Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 (Public Law 108-282, Title II)". Fda.gov. http://www.fda.gov/Food/LabelingNutrition/FoodAllergensLabeling/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/ucm106187.htm. Retrieved 2011-05-30.
- ^ a b Ghanaian cuisine
- ^ Raymond, Bret. "Rwaza Health Centre: Efficacy Study Results". MANA Nutrition. http://mananutrition.org/img/uploads/MANA-Report-final.pdf. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
- ^ "Meds & Food For Kids :: — Medika Mamba". mfkhaiti.org. http://mfkhaiti.org/index.php/the_solution/medika_mamba/. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
- ^ "Rudolf Diesel". Hempcar.org. http://www.hempcar.org/diesel.shtml. Retrieved 2011-05-30.
- ^ "Peanut Biodiesel Promising But Costly Alternative Fuel | Renewable Energy News Article". Renewableenergyworld.com. http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2006/11/peanut-biodiesel-promising-but-costly-alternative-fuel-46465. Retrieved 2011-05-30.
- ^ "Nuts – Heathly, Tasty & High in Protein". Weightlossforall.com. http://www.weightlossforall.com/protein-nuts.htm. Retrieved 2011-05-30.
- ^ "Peanuts at the World's Healthiest Food". http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=101. Retrieved 2007-11-18.
- ^ "Health benefits of consuming peanuts". BBC News. 2005-01-21. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/4194275.stm. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- ^ "Peanuts: World's Healthiest Foods". Whfoods.com. http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=101. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- ^ Sanders, TH; McMichael Jr, RW; Hendrix, KW (2000). "Occurrence of resveratrol in edible peanuts". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48 (4): 1243–6. doi:10.1021/jf990737b. PMID 10775379.
- ^ Sanders, Timothy H.; Robert, W. McMichael Jr.; Hendrix, Keith W. (2000). "Occurrence of resveratrol in edible peanuts". J Agric Food Chem 48: 1243–1246. doi:10.1021/jf990737b. PMID 10775379.
- ^ "Coenzyme Q10". American Cancer Society. 2007-07-20. http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Coenzyme_Q10.asp?sitearea=ETO. Retrieved 2007-11-18.
- ^ a b Soheila J. Maleki, Olga Viquez, Thomas Jacks, Hortense Dodo, Elaine T. Champagne, Si-Yin Chung and Samuel J. Landry. "The major peanut allergen, Ara h 2, functions as a trypsin inhibitor, and roasting enhances this function." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 112.1 (July 2003): 190–195.
- ^ "WebMD — Peanut Allergy on the Rise: Why?". 2010-05-14. http://www.webmd.com/allergies/news/20100514/peanut-allergies-in-kids-on-the-rise. Retrieved 2010-05-18.
- ^ Food allergy advice may be peanuts, Science News magazine, December 6, 2008
- ^ Høst A et al. Dietary prevention of allergic diseases in infants and small children. 2008. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Vol. 19, p. 1–4
- ^ Thompson, Rachel L.; Miles, Lisa M.; Lunn, Joanne; Devereux, Graham; Dearman, Rebecca J.; Strid, Jessica; Buttriss, Judith L. (2010). "Peanut sensitisation and allergy: influence of early life exposure to peanuts". British Journal of Nutrition 103: 1278–1286. doi:10.1017/S000711450999376X. http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=7698028.
- ^ a b Lack G, Fox D, Northstone K, Golding J. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348:977–985 on-line
- ^ David M. Fleischer, Mary Kay Conover-Walker, Lynn Christie, A. Wesley Burks and Robert A. Wood. "The natural progression of peanut allergy: Resolution and the possibility of recurrence". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 112.1 (July 2003): 183–189.
- ^ Hartocollis, Anemona (1998-09-23). "''Nothing's Safe: Some Schools Ban Peanut Butter as Allergy Threat''". The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9907E3D81E30F930A1575AC0A96E958260. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- ^ Nevius, C.W. (2003-09-09). "San Francisco Chronicle: ''One 5-year-old's allergy leads to class peanut ban''". Sfgate.com. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2003/09/09/MN79933.DTL%0D. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- ^ "''School peanut ban in need of review''". Nashua Telegraph. 2008-09-14. http://www.nashuatelegraph.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080914/OPINION01/309149938. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- ^ "Progress Against Peanut Allergies". Webmd.com. http://www.webmd.com/allergies/news/20070226/progress-against-peanut-allergies. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- ^ "BBC News – Peanut allergies tackled in largest ever trial". news.bbc.co.uk. 2010-02-22. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/8527530.stm. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
- ^ "The anaphylaxis campaign: peanut oil". Anaphylaxis.org.uk. Archived from the original on April 18, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080418090105/http://www.anaphylaxis.org.uk/information/peanut_oil.html. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- ^ Hoffman DR, Collins-Williams C. Cold-pressed peanut oils may contain peanut allergen. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1994; 93:801–2.
- ^ Hourihane JO, Bedwani SJ, Dean TP, Warner JO. Randomised, double blind, crossover challenge study of allergenicity of peanut oils in subjects allergic to peanuts. British Medical Journal 1997 314: 1084 (12 April) online
- ^ "[Proportion of aflatoxin B1 contaminated kernels and its concentration in imported peanut samples]". Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 42 (4): 237–42. August 2001. PMID 11817138.
- ^ 7 CFR 2011 - Part 996a[full citation needed]
- ^ Atherosclerosis 20: 303, 1974
- ^ Bonnie Liebman (Jan-Feb, 1988). "The peanut controversy — peanut oil and risk of atherosclerosis". Nutrition Action Healthletter. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0813/is_n1_v15/ai_6482491/.
- ^ B. Ramesh, et al. (2006). "Effect of Dietary Substitution of Groundnut Oil on Blood Glucose, Lipid Profile, and Redox Status in Streptozotocin-diabetic Rats". The Yale journal of biology and medicine (Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine) 79 (1): 9–17. PMC 1942175. PMID 17876371. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1942175/.
- ^ List of By-Products From Peanuts By George Washington Carver (as compiled by the Carver Museum)[dead link]
- ^ Handy, R.B. 1895. Peanuts: Culture and Uses. USDA Farmers' Bulletin 25.
- ^ Newman, C.L. 1904. Peanuts. Fayetteville, Arkansas: Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station.
- ^ Beattie, W.R. 1909. Peanuts. USDA Farmers' Bulletin 356.
- ^ Ferris, E.B. 1909. Peanuts. Agricultural College, Mississippi: Mississippi Agricultural Experiment Station.
- ^ Beattie, W.R. 1911. The Peanut. USDA Farmers' Bulletin 431.
- ^ Rich, J.P. 1915. Uses of the Peanut on the Home Table. Farmer's Bulletin 13. University of Texas, Austin.
- ^ Carver, G.W. 1916. How to Grow the Peanut and 105 Ways of Preparing it for Human Consumption. Tuskegee Institute Experimental Station Bulletin 31. on-line
- ^ Pages 412-413 of "Crop Production: Evolution, History, and Technology." by C. Wayne Smith, 1995. (ISBN 0-471-07972-3)
- ^ "Peanut Production in Alabama". The Encyclopedia of Alabama. 2011-06-14. http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-2016. Retrieved 2011-11-15.
- ^ "ALFA Farmers Federation – Alabama Peanut Producers". Alfafarmers.org. 2010-05-27. http://www.alfafarmers.org/commodities/peanuts.phtml. Retrieved 2011-05-30.
- ^ "Peanut Facts". Alabama Peanut Producers Association. Archived from the original on November 1, 2004. http://web.archive.org/web/20041101070021/http://alpeanuts.com/consumer_interest/articles.phtml?articleID=102. Retrieved 2011-05-30.


text:
|Can Clouds be Beautiful? Yes, they Can!
|Written by Administrator
|Sunday, 31 October 2010 15:31
Clouds and heavens have always been a good source of inspiration for me and I believe for the most of other people. It is really beautiful feeling to watch heavens and their beauty even when the sky is not so blue, even when the sky is full of clouds.


text:
- Latest available (Revised)
- Original (As made)
This is the original version (as it was originally made). This item of legislation is currently only available in its original format.
29.—(1) For the purpose of determining whether a Type B supply satisfies the provisions of regulation 7(3), a monitoring local authority may take or cause to be taken, and analyse, or cause to be analysed, from any Type B supply located within its area such number of samples, if any, of water which the authority considers is necessary to establish whether the supply is wholesome.
(2) Samples from a Type B supply or from premises served by such a supply, shall be taken so that they are representative of the quality of water intended for human consumption purposes throughout the year and, in a case where a Type B supply serves a number of premises, from such premises selected at random as will ensure, insofar as is reasonably practicable, that their analysis will produce data which is representative of the quality of water so sampled.
(3) Samples are to be taken at the point of compliance determined in accordance with regulation 7(5).
(4) A monitoring local authority may at any time take and analyse a sample of water from any Type B supply (whether or not on the request of a relevant person or a consumer served by such a supply) for the parameters referred to in Table C of Schedule 2 to these Regulations, using the methodology specified in Schedule 5.
(5) A monitoring local authority shall as soon as is practicable and in any event, within 28 days of being requested to do so by a relevant person in relation to a Type B supply, or a consumer of such a supply serving premises in their area, take and analyse a sample from the supply representative of the quality of water intended for human consumption purposes throughout the year for compliance with the parameters specified in regulation 7(3).
(6) Without prejudice to the monitoring powers and duties in this regulation, a monitoring local authority shall have power to take and analyse a sample from a Type B supply in order to—
(a)confirm or clarify the results of the analysis of a previous sample;
(b)ascertain the effectiveness of remedial action taken in relation to the supply (whether or not such action was taken following service of a notice under section 76G of the 1980 Act(1)).
Section 76G was added by the Water Act 1989, Schedule 2, paragraph 1.
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text:
Name: Daniel Amodio
Hometown: Cleveland, OH
Undergrad Insitution/Major: Miami University/Marketing
Pre-MBA Job: Technology Sales
MBA Concentration: Marketing Analytics and Consulting
Hello, my friends… and welcome to my Texas MBA Student Blog. Make yourself at home, send me e-mails, comment on my posts, hook up with me on your social network of choice, and don't forget to check out the other student bloggers because they're fantastic.
My name is Dan and Cleveland is the city that I come from. I'm a second year at McCombs and I'm excited to share some of my experiences with you. Before b-school, I was in Corporate Sales for AT&T Mobility. I started off selling wireless technology to businesses (think: the Droid you got from work or the coffee shop that runs their POS on an iPad) before taking an opportunity to train AT&T's various salesforces on sales skills and new products (think: that 4-hour training class your boss made you sit through). Now, I'm looking forward… both to the next 2 years and whatever waits beyond. I chose McCombs because the people here seemed really sharp and the program seemed plugged-in to this energetic city. I was right.
I'm starting to get good at balancing the responsibilities of school with the non-stop rush of things to do in Austin. At school, I'm involved in several student orgs – the Sports and Entertainment Management Association, the Entrepreneur Society, Net Impact, and a few others – and I'm developing a crush on my financial calculator. Outside of the program, I'll be watching baseball, working on my Urdhva Dhanurasana, or stressing over how I can possibly see all of these great bands play live.
If you have any questions or just want to chat, don't be shy. I'd love to hear from you! E-mail me — email@example.com — or find me online — http://about.me/amodiodj — anytime.
Hook'em \m/


text:
RUSH: Here's Jerry in my adopted hometown of Sacramento, California. Hi, Jerry. I'm glad you waited. Welcome to the program.
CALLER: Good morning. Glad to talk to you again.
RUSH: Thank you, sir.
CALLER: Say, you know the left really has no credibility when it comes to this issue of offensive speech. You know, I was parked at a stoplight a while back beside a cop car. A teenager walked across the street with a T-shirt that says, "Jesus is a," it's a four-letter C-word talking about a woman's body part. I asked the cop, "Can you do something about that?" The cop says, "No, it's protected speech." Well, that's protected because the Supreme Court ruled that offensive speech needed to be protected. And when Larry Flynt said all those lousy things about that pastor and the left and the media celebrated that. So they either gotta complain about all of it or none of it. No credibility.
RUSH: Well, again, you're illustrating here that it's simply a political calculation, a strategy, the whole racist, or racialist is the more accurate way to describe this one. The racialist attitudes that they profess to criticize in people. It's just a strategy. And they wait in eager anticipation for the next Donald Sterling to show up. They're not really trying to solve any of this is the point, folks. They're not trying to get rid of any of this. They play off of it. They live off of it. They thrive on this stuff. They will manufacture it, if they have to.
I try not to mention myself in these things, but there have been two noted occurrences today, and I'm not gonna play the sound bites of 'em. Both of them have been on ESPN and both of them have linked me to Donald Sterling. They're both: "Just like the NFL banded together to deny the racist Limbaugh the right to own the Rams, so should the NBA get rid of Sterling." You know what all that's based on? Fake, made-up quotes started by a lazy reporter in St. Louis who believed a bunch of crock that Media Matters had put out.
There was a fake quote, something I never said. If I had said it I would not be on the air today. It was supposedly I had said something about blacks and slavery and they'd been better off back then than they are today. There were three or four totally made-up quotes that I never said that had appeared in a book that had been published by Media Matters. This guy looked it up, didn't call me, didn't check, just ran with it. So these loco weeds that are on ESPN now, these half-baked commentators, they think all that was said, they think it was all true, and this is how it works. This is why they live for these moments.
All of these people on TV are supposedly outraged over what Sterling said, from Jesse Jackson to Sharpton to your average African-American comic. They're not mad about this. They thrive on it. It gives them an opportunity to advance their political agenda. The last thing they want is for this stuff to ever stop. They'd be put out of business. I gotta find this Jesse Jackson quote where he compared picking cotton to playing basketball. Let me find it, folks. Hang on just second. Reverend Jackson. Number 11. Grab this. This is Saturday afternoon, ESPN, where else? Really.
They've got these guys, and there probably have been more than two, there have just been two that I've been told about. I'm not gonna play the sound bite 'cause I'm not gonna give these guys any further amplification than they already have. But it was ESPN Sports Center with the anchor Zubin Mehenti speaking to the Reverend Jackson of the Monochrome Coalition about Donald Sterling and his racist remarks to his girlfriend V. Stiviano. The anchor Zubin Mehenti, said, "Doc Rivers, the coach of the Clippers, is African-American. Their biggest free agent acquisition, Chris Paul, is African-American. Reverend Jackson, how do you reconcile Sterling making these comments considering so many people that he is around are African-American and all these players have signed free agent contracts to play for his team?"
JACKSON: Well, if he objectifies them and sees them as persons, it's about winning, it's about money and not about their dignity, which is also important. If we're just going from picking cotton balls to picking basketballs without the dignity of a relationship between worker and owner, then we're not making progress.
RUSH: No, we're not making progress. No, no, no. The guys playing for Donald Sterling and the Clippers making $20 million a year haven't moved an inch forward from their predecessors picking cotton. You see? The Reverend Jackson actually wants us to believe this! See, so here again, Sterling doesn't really care. "Yeah, he's paying these guys but he doesn't mean it.
"He's paying these guys but he really doesn't want to. Yeah, he's paying these guys, but he really doesn't like 'em. Yeah, he's paying these guys, but he really doesn't offer 'em any dignity! Yeah, he's paying these guys, but he really secretly hates 'em." It makes a lot of sense, doesn't it? A guy that's owned this team since 1981 is doing all this stuff he hates, paying all these people all of this money, and he really hates 'em.
He's just nothing but an old cotton farmer who's got these players picking basketballs instead of picking cotton. There you have the Reverend Jackson moving the nation forward off of this issue. (interruption) What do you mean, "How do you offer somebody dignity?" I don't think they care. They're playing basketball. They want the opportunity to play basketball.
He shows up at all the games; he goes to the locker room now and then. They have made... This is my point: Nobody has made any effort to keep him at arm's distance. He shows up at the games and it doesn't affect the way they play. They haven't walked out. They haven't. They haven't protested anything. "If he objectifies 'em and sees 'em as persons, it's about winning..."
So Sterling, "Yeah, he cares about winning but he just uses them, see? He doesn't care about 'em as people."
This is how the whole left wing operates. They grant themselves the purest of intentions and then question everybody else's, deny everybody else's. But how do you...? (chuckling) "If we're just gonna go from picking cotton balls to picking basketballs without the dignity of a relationship then we're not making progress"? See, this is where it all breaks down, because we have made I don't know how much progress.
You've got a black president. You've got a black attorney general. You've got the wealthiest TV performer in American history is a African-American woman. That would be The Oprah. Some of the wealthiest Americans are African-American now. "Yeah, Rush, but they're just athletes." What difference does that make? We're gonna start qualifying it now? Some of the wealthiest white people are athletes, too.
Doesn't the Reverend Jackson have a record of attacking Jewish people? What was it he said about New York City? He called it what? Yeah, "Hymietown." That's right. He called it Hymietown. But, see, the Reverend Jackson went and prayed with who? Bill Clinton? No, it was Clinton who prayed with Jackson over Monica and the stain on the dress. Who did Jackson go pray to for forgiveness over calling New York "Hymietown"?
It wouldn't have been a rabbi.
Maybe it was. I don't know.
But, see, this is how they all can get away with it, and they're still able to run their shakedowns with the Monochrome Coalition and the National Action Network. How many millions in back taxes does the Reverend Sharpton still owe? He's getting an award, a lifetime achievement award from the NAALCP LA branch. Yeah, Reverend Jackson's "Hymietown" scandal was when he said he was sick and tired of hearing about the Holocaust.
That's what it was.
That's what he said.
RUSH: This is all the Democrats have for this reelection, folks, is race -- and if you haven't noticed, Democrat projected turnout way down, particularly among single women and minorities. So that's what this is. It's fallen into their lap, but this is all they've got. You take a look all the time spent on what Donald Sterling said and compare it, say, to the number, and you will see. What is that "game" that people run around...? (interruption)
Knockout. How about all of the shootings in Chicago where young black kids have been shot dead? How much time has any of that gotten versus what Sterling said on tape? We all know what's going on here. We all know. It's the low-information voter. What's going on here is voter turnout for the midterm election in November among minorities. That's what the media and all these guests on TV are ginning up via Sterling 'cause they've all known it. I'm telling you, this is not news to anybody in the sports community or real estate community in Los Angeles.


text:
Situated in Rio Grande Valley, McAllen is known as the square dancing and bird-watching capital of Texas. McAllen's population nearly during the winter months, as senior citizens and tourists of all varieties flock to McAllen's tropical Gulf Coast climate. Increasing commercial development in McAllen's Northern district has expanded the number of permanent residents in North McAllen, making the city ideal for young families and elderly retirees alike.
McAllen's proximity to the Mexican city Reynosa has heavily influenced the town's culture and economy.
Retail and tourism are major sources of revenue in McAllen.
Two of McAllen's largest employers are the McAllen Foreign Trade Zone and Sharyland Business Park.
The Rio Grande Valley is known for its fertile ranching lands, and McAllen's economy is heavily dependent on the following agricultural products:
Higher education in McAllen includes:
McAllen Independent School District serves most of the city. Other districts serving parts of the city include:
Residents are also encouraged to apply to magnet schools operated by the South Texas Independent School District. Idea Public Schools is a group of magnet schools that incorporate the International Baccalaureate curriculum. International Baccalaureate schools include:


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Top Hotels
|Hôtel La Fauceille
|Price: USD 142.15 Minimum rate per night
|Hotel De la Loge
|Price: USD 67.20 Minimum rate per night
|Villa Duflot
|Price: USD 140.86 Minimum rate per night
Top attractions
Cathedral of St Jean basically dates to the time-span between fourteenth and fifteenth century. It, however, incorporates various elements from previous Romanesque church relating to St-Jean-le-Vieux. ...
Address 1, Rue Horloge
This museum houses collections of 'portrait-painter 'Hyacinthe Rigaud'. Besides, paintings of Catalan and Spanish masters of fourteenth and fifteenth centuries are also found. Moreov ...
Address 16 rue de I'Ange, F-66000, Perpignan, France
Related Contents
Map France:
More information France: