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Volume 100, Issue 4, 15 February 1994
Dynamical structure of water in aqueous solutions of D‐glucose and D‐galactose by low‐frequency Raman scattering100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466488View Description Hide Description
Low‐frequency depolarized Raman spectra of aqueous solutions of D‐glucose and D‐galactose have been investigated in the frequency region from −250 cm−1 to 250 cm−1 at 30.0 °C as a function of concentration up to 0.04 molar ratio. The dynamical structure of water in aqueous solution is analyzed by using the reduced Raman spectrum χ'(ν̄), which corresponds to the imaginary part of the dynamical susceptibility. The reduced spectrum is fitted with the superposition of one Cole–Cole type relaxation mode and two damped harmonic oscillator modes by a nonlinear least‐squares fitting. The effects of D‐glucose and D‐galactose on the dynamical structure of water in aqueous solution are similar. The relaxation time of hydrogen bond among water molecules becomes slower with increasing sugar concentration. The characteristic frequencies of stretching‐like and bending‐like vibrations among water molecules do not change in both D‐glucose and D‐galactose aqueous solutions.
Determination of the threefold internal rotation barrier in ArNH3100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466489View Description Hide Description
The two Σ and four Π states of the weakly bound complex Ar–NH3 correlating to j=2, k=±1 ammonia have been observed by tunable far infrared difference frequency‐microwave sideband spectroscopy. The results have been combined with published data to determine a new angular potential energy surface for the system. The barrier to threefold internal rotation of the NH3 about its C 3 axis in the complex is estimated to be 25.606(24) cm−1 near the minimum energy (T‐shaped) configuration. The potential also exhibits maxima at both symmetric top configurations, with energies approximately 53 and 31 cm−1, respectively above that of the global minimum. The location and splitting between the symmetric and antisymmetric Σ states are indicative of a strong interaction with another pair of unobserved states, most likely the first excited intermolecular stretch built on j=1, k=±1 Ar–NH3.
Spectroturbidimetry theory for determining orientation distributions of spheroidal particles in the Rayleigh–Debye–Gans and Rayleigh scattering regimes100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466490View Description Hide Description
The general direct and inverse problems of turbidity of spheroids which are monodisperse in size and shape and fall in the Rayleigh–Debye–Gans (RDG) and Rayleigh scattering regimes are solved analytically. The theory applies to single and independent scattering from nonabsorbing optically isotropic particles. From turbidity measurements at one incident direction, one wavelength, and three incident polarizations, it is shown that three functions or moments of the orientation distribution functions can be obtained for both regimes. For RDG particles, use of turbidity spectra (at multiple wavelengths) can recover more information, i.e., more moments. The complete orientation distribution function, with no empirical fits, can in principle be obtained from turbidity spectra at many incident directions for the RDG regime, but not for the Rayleigh regime. The approach used is more general, and should provide potentially much more orientation information than measurements of conservative linear dichroism.
Picosecond vibrational dynamics of several S 1 bands in jet‐cooled p‐difluorobenzene100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466491View Description Hide Description
Picosecond pump–probe threshold photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate the vibrational dynamics of four vibrational bands in the S 1 state of p‐difluorobenzene in the range 2000 to 2900 cm−1. In this energy region the vibrations exhibited intermediate case restricted vibrational dynamics as evidenced by observed quantum beats as well as irreversible statistical limit decay. More complete coverage of the S 1 state was prohibited by the wavelength restrictions on both the pump and probe laser wavelengths required in the experiment. The observed restricted vibrational redistribution is in contrast to the very rapid irreversible decays inferred from room temperature, high pressure chemical timing experiments on the same molecular bands. The differences are discussed in terms of the role of molecular rotations and the possible different experimental observations.
Two‐dimensional electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of nitroxides: Elucidation of restricted molecular motions in glassy solids100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466492View Description Hide Description
The combination of concepts of two‐dimensional (2D) spectroscopy with the well‐known field step electron–electron double resonance(ELDOR) method offers a practical route to recording 2D ELDORspectra covering the full spectral range needed for electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR) of nitroxide spin labels in the solid state. The 2D ELDOR pattern provides information about molecular reorientation measured in real time, the anisotropies of electron phase, and electron spin‐lattice relaxation as well as nuclear spin‐lattice relaxation all of which are connected with the detailed geometry of the molecular reorientation. Thus, in 2D ELDOR the same electron spin probes the motional behavior over a wide range of correlation times from 10−4 to 10−12 s. An efficient algorithm for simulating 2D ELDORspectra is derived, based on analytical solutions of the spin relaxation behavior for small‐angle fluctuations and offers a means of quantitatively analyzing experimental data. As an example, the motion of nitroxide spin labels in a liquid‐crystalline side‐group polymer well below its glass transition is determined as a β‐relaxation process with a mean angular amplitude of 5° and a distribution of correlation times with a mean correlation time of 0.9×10−10 s and a width of 2.5 decades.
Vibrational studies on electronic structures in metallic and insulating phases of the Cu complexes of substituted dicyanoquinonediimines (DCNQI). A comparison with the cases of the Li and Ba complexes100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466493View Description Hide Description
Electronic structures in metallic and insulating phases of the Li, Cu, and Ba complexes of 2,5‐R 1,R 2‐DCNQI [R 1=R 2=Br (abbreviated as DBr) or R 1=R 2=CH3 (abbreviated as DMe); DCNQI=N,N'‐dicyanoquinonediimine; 2,5‐ is usually omitted] have been studied by observing temperature dependencies of their infrared absorption bands between 295 and 23 K. At room temperature, the wave numbers (ν̃ i ) of infrared absorption bands of R 1,R 2‐DCNQI and its Li and Ba complexes are linearly correlated with the degrees of charge transfer (ρ) (ρ=−0.5 and −1.0e for the Li and Ba complexes, respectively). The ν̃ i –ρ relationships indicate that the ρ value for the Cu complexes is −0.67e. This result is consistent with the previously established view that the Cu cations in the Cu complexes at room temperature are in a mixed‐valence state of Cu1.33+. In the infrared spectrum of Cu(DBr–DCNQI)2 at room temperature, no electron–molecular vibration (EMV) coupling bands are observed.
Below the metal–insulator (M–I) transition temperature (T MI), EMV bands grow continuously and the ordinary infrared bands observed at room temperature gradually split into three bands with decreasing temperature. Similarly, the infrared bands of Li(DBr–DCNQI)2 split into two bands. These splittings are due to an inhomogeneous charge distribution in the DCNQI columns produced by the freezing of charge‐density wave (CDW). The peak‐to‐peak amplitudes of CDWs in the DCNQI columns estimated by use of the ν̃ i –ρ relationships are 0.08±0.04 and 0.40±0.04e, respectively, for the Li and Cu complexes of DBr–DCNQI. The state of the frozen CDW is inferred from the number of split bands. Based on the observed continuous change of the infrared spectra of Cu(DBr–DCNQI)2 and the discontinuous changes of other quantities such as x‐ray satellite reflections, lattice parameters, and magnetic susceptibilities, the M–I transition in Cu(DBr–DCNQI)2 may be described as follows: (1) above T MI the charges on Cu cations (two Cu1+'s: one Cu2+) are dynamically averaged to +1.33e through the Cu...N≡C bridge. (2) At T MI the charges abruptly localize in the order of (Cu1+...Cu2+...Cu1+...) n . At the same time, the CDWs begin to be frozen in the DCNQI columns. (3) As temperature decreases below T MI, the order of the frozen CDW develops gradually. In contrast to these changes in Cu(DBr–DCNQI)2, neither EMV bands nor band splittings are observed in the infrared spectra of Cu(DMe–DCNQI)2 at low temperatures. Instead, almost all bands show negative absorption lobes on their low‐wave number sides and become asymmetric. This asymmetrization is due to interactions between the vibrational levels and low‐lying continuous electronic levels responsible for a broad band observed in the 1600–800 cm−1 region.
The S 0(1A g )–S 1(1B 2u ) vibronic transition in benzene: An ab initio study100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466494View Description Hide Description
The four e 2g false origin bands and the a 1g progression of the S 0(1A g )–S 1(1B 2u ) transition in benzene are simulated ab initio with the recently introduced configuration interaction singles (CIS) with 6‐31G orbitals. The ground and excited state CC and CH bond lengths are optimized and compared with the experiment; the CC bond elongation upon excitation is found to be slightly underestimated. The vibrational force fields are calculated at the stationary points of S 0 and S 1. The 1A g force field is calculated at the Hartree–Fock level while the 1B 2u force field is calculated at the CIS level of theory. The two force fields are scaled to fit the experimental frequencies and the normal mode rotation upon excitation, i.e., the Duschinsky matrix, is obtained. In agreement with previous empirical fitting of the S 1(1B 2u ) vibrational frequencies, the Duschinsky matrix is found to be nearly diagonal with the exception of the b 2u modes submatrix which shows a large amount of mixing. The mixing of the b 2u modes is larger before scaling but is subsequently reduced after scaling. The normal modes and the optimized geometries are used to calculate the amount of displacement, upon excitation, of the equilibrium position of the totally symmetric modes. This displacement causes the Franck–Condon progression and is slightly underestimated by the calculation. The intensity of the four e 2g false origins in the absorptionspectrum of S 1 is calculated and the Herzberg–Teller intensities of the four bands are found to be very close to the experiment. In particular, the relative intensity of the CCC bend (ν6) and CC stretch (ν8) bands is nicely reproduced. This result is discussed in light of similar calculations at the semiempirical level of theory. We conclude that CIS can be of great value for the unravelling of vibronic spectra of conjugated systems.
Cooperative ultrafast nonlinear optical response of molecular nanostructures100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466495View Description Hide Description
The stationary nonlinear reflection and the time resolvedfour wave mixing signal from a molecular monolayer are calculated using Green function techniques. Cooperative resonant nonlinear response found in small aggregates suggests the existence of coherence size of order of optical wavelength. A new peak in the nonlinear reflection spectrum is predicted, which is missed by the local field approximation. For an infinite two dimensional molecular monolayer with transition dipole moments in the lattice plane, the momentum‐dependent two exciton decay rate is found to be larger than the sum of the single exciton radiative decay rates, as predicted by the local field approximation.
Rise profile of the thermal lens signal: Contribution of the temperature lens and the population lens100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466496View Description Hide Description
Time profiles of the rise parts of variations of a probe beam light densities under the thermal lens (TL) experimental condition are measured with nanosecond pulsed laser excitation. The rise profile in benzene can be explained well by the probe beam expansion only by a refractive index lens due to the density fluctuation, which is induced by heat from the radiationless transition. In water, the signal is fitted well by the sum of two contributions of the refractive index change; i.e., due to the density (the thermal lens) and temperature (the temperature lens) variations. The coefficient of the temperature variation (∂n/∂T)ρ is evaluated from the relative signal intensity. The contribution of the population lens is clearly observed in the rise curve of the ''TL signal'' after the photoexcitation of C60 in benzene.
Detection of OH+ in its a 1Δ state by far infrared laser magnetic resonance100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466497View Description Hide Description
The spectrum associated with the J=3←2 transition of OH+ in the a 1Δ(v=0) state has been observed by far infrared lasermagnetic resonancespectroscopy. A new microwavedischargesource enabled the detection of this spectrum, which is the first observation of the rotational spectrum of an ion in a metastable state. Assignment and least‐squares fitting of the observed transitions have determined the following molecular constants: B 0=494.420 388 (22) GHz, the proton hyperfine parameter a=74.84 (32) MHz, g L ' = 1.000 915 (15), and g r =−0.001 815 (18), with the 1σ uncertainties of the last digits in parentheses. The relationship of these parameters to the geometric and electronic structure of OH+ is discussed.
Excited‐state structure and photochemical ring‐opening dynamics of 1,3,5‐cyclo‐octatriene from absolute resonance Raman intensities100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466498View Description Hide Description
Absolute resonance Raman cross sections are measured for 1,3,5‐cyclo‐octatriene (COT) in cyclohexane with excitation from 325 to 200 nm. These intensities and the absorptionspectrum are modeled using a fully thermalized time‐correlator theory to quantitate the excited‐state equilibrium geometry displacements along 19 Raman‐active normal modes. The resonance Raman spectra show significant intensity in low‐frequency modes corresponding to planarization of the eight‐membered ring. The 140 cm−1 twist‐boat planarization (Δ=4.6) and the 339 cm−1 ring deformation (Δ=1.6) are particularly strong. However, no intensity is observed in modes which project onto the predicted disrotatory ring‐opening motion, such as the nontotally symmetric CH2 twist fundamental or its overtone. Analysis of the fluorescence quantum yield (φ F =2×10−6) gives an excited state lifetime on the order of ∼30 fs. These results show that ring planarization is the first step in the disrotatory ring opening of COT followed by rapid depopulation of the initially prepared state to a lower‐lying excited electronic state upon which the actual ring opening occurs. Comparison of these results with the excited‐state dynamics of other pericyclic systems suggests that pericyclic rearrangements occur only once a planar structure is established and that the bond rearrangement occurs predominantly on a low‐lying, optically forbidden excited state.
Atom‐spherical top van der Waals complexes: A theoretical study100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466499View Description Hide Description
The theory of the vibration‐rotation states of atom‐spherical top van der Waals complexes is developed. The exact close‐coupled equations are closely analogous to those encountered in atom+spherical top scattering. The structure of the coupled equations is investigated, and close‐coupling calculations of the bound states of Ar–CH4 are presented for two different intermolecular potentials. The role of symmetry in the complex is discussed, and the energy levels are interpreted using a model in which the CH4 molecule undergoes hindered rotation in the field of the Ar atom. Correlation diagrams are presented, showing how the free‐rotor levels are converted into near‐rigid vibrational energy levels as the anisotropy of the intermolecular potential increases. The effect of higher‐order anisotropic terms is investigated, and correlation diagrams are given for complexes of tetrahedral, octahedral, and icosahedral molecules. The role of monomer vibrational angular momentum is investigated.
Bipolarons and the temperature dependence of exchange in the metal trihydrides100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466500View Description Hide Description
We analyze a two‐particle, two‐site, tight‐binding model linearly coupled to a harmonic bath in order to describe the temperature dependence of exchange in the metal trihydrides. We present a variational calculation that predicts two regimes: coherent, motionally narrowed exchange, and incoherent, quenched exchange. We show for an ohmic bath that the behavior rapidly switches from unquenched to quenched at a finite temperature that scales linearly with the correlation energy U and logarithmically with both bath coupling parameters and the zero‐temperature exchange 4t 2/U. We show that Zilm's description of the temperature dependence of the spin coupling (Ref. 1) can be derived asymptotically and shows a geometric dependence of the ''activation'' energy that is absent in a finite basis approximation. The model proposed explains the temperature dependence of the exchange splittings observed by nuclear magnetic resonance for the metal trihydrides.
On the preparation and measurement of superpositions of chiral amplitudes100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466501View Description Hide Description
We examine the preparation and detection of superpositions of chiral amplitudes of a handed molecule, showing that specific sequences of phase‐controlled ultrashort light pulses enable the preparation and measurement of chiral coherences. It is found that certain choices of relative optical phase between the pulses of the preparation sequence set up left–right superpositions that would be inaccessible by tunneling dynamics alone.
A near‐wing correction to the quasistatic far‐wing line shape theory100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466502View Description Hide Description
A new representation is introduced in which the rapidly varying time‐dependent part of the time displacement operator can be factored out and the remaining part, which varies with time more slowly, can be expanded in the usual perturbational fashion. The lowest order approximation leads to the far‐wing quasistatic line shapetheory developed previously, whereas the next order approximation, related to the noncommutation of the Liouville operators describing the unperturbed absorber and bath molecules and the interaction between them, leads to a near‐wing correction. Explicit expressions are derived for both the corrections to the spectral density and the statistical band‐average line shape function assuming an anisotropic dipole–dipole interaction. Detailed computations for the case of self‐broadened H2O are carried out for the line‐shapes and the corresponding absorption coefficients for several temperatures and for frequencies to 10 000 cm−1. From these results, we conclude that the near‐wing corrections generally increase the line shape function between 10 and 200 cm−1, and that this increase is more important for lower temperatures than for higher ones. This in turn leads to increased absorption nearer the band centers, especially for lower temperatures, and thus to improved agreement between theory and experiment.
Spectral line shapes of damped quantum oscillators: Applications to biomolecules100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.467232View Description Hide Description
We present a full quantum mechanical treatment, using the quantum fluctuation–dissipation theorem, which is useful in describing the absorption line shape of a system composed of damped vibrational (harmonic) oscillators that are linearly coupled to an electronic excitation. The closed form expressions obtained from the model predict optical line shapes that are identical to standard treatments at high temperature or in the absence of damping. However, at low temperature, quantum corrections become important and the model predicts a skewed optical line shape that reflects the condition of detailed balance and differs significantly from the ''Brownian oscillator'' model of Yan and Mukamel [J. Chem. Phys. 89, 5160 (1988)]. We also find that quantum effects become observable in the line shape of the overdamped oscillator only when k BT /ℏω0≲ω0 /γ <1, which effectively depresses the temperature for crossover into the quantum regime. In Appendix D we discuss how the time correlator expressions derived for the line shapeanalysis can also be used to describe chemical reactions in the presence of quantum damping. The fact that the transition temperature for quantum behavior is depressed in the presence of strong damping may explain why the ''classical'' Arrhenius expression is often found to hold, even at temperatures where k BT <ℏω0. Finally, we explore the consequences of introducing a classical control variable (corresponding to slow conformational motions of a biomolecule), which is coupled to the optically active vibrational mode(s) of the embedded chromophore. This leads to a modulation of the Stokes shift and optical coupling in the system and results in a type of inhomogeneous broadening that has both a Gaussian and non‐Gaussian component. The non‐Gaussian broadening is found to be consistent with the highly skewed inhomogeneousline shape of deoxymyoglobin.
Dynamics in supercooled glycerol by high resolution stimulated Brillouin gain spectroscopy100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466503View Description Hide Description
We have used high resolution stimulated Brillouin gain spectroscopy to probe the dynamics of glycerol over the temperature ranges 146 to 305 K and 401 to 534 K, which include both the supercooled liquid and glass regimes. The high resolution and large spectral range of the technique have allowed us to resolve Brillouin peaks at low temperatures (146 K) with widths as narrow as 13 MHz and shifts as large as 17.3 GHz. A comparison of the observed Brillouin shifts and linewidths with predictions based on previous work at lower frequencies indicates that the main dispersion in our data arises from the primary (α) structural relaxation processes. However, this comparison also reveals that additional relaxation processes, perhaps associated with the secondary (β) processes, contribute to the Brillouinlinewidths both above and below the glass transition. Our results also show a distinct kink in the temperature dependence of the speed of sound at 187 K, the glass transition temperature.
The vibronic structure of the S 0↔S 1 and S 0↔S 2 transitions in simple oligomers of thiophene100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466504View Description Hide Description
We present a quantum‐chemical study of the electronic spectra of the oligomers of thiophene. Geometries and vibrational force fields of the ground and excited electronic states are obtained by an updated version of the semiempirical quantum consistent force field/π electron method implemented to describe sulphur atoms and by ab initio Hartree–Fock and configuration interaction singles methods. The displacement parameters of totally symmetric modes are then obtained and used to model the vibrational structure of the electronic spectra. The contribution of sulphur atoms to the description of the excited state is predicted to be negligible both by ab initio and semiempirical methods which, conversely, indicate a close similarity of thiophene oligomers and polyenes. Based on the results of the simulated spectra a reassignment of some of the bands is proposed. It is shown that mode mixing upon excitation, and not large frequency changes, are responsible for the different Franck–Condon structure of the absorption and emission spectra. In addition, a vibronic coupling mechanism analogous to that active in simple polyenes is identified. It accounts for the ''apparent'' frequency increase of the most active a g mode upon excitation to the 1B state.
Reinvestigation of the acetylenic C–H stretching fundamental of propyne via high resolution, optothermal infrared spectroscopy: Nonresonant perturbations to ν1100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466455View Description Hide Description
We present the high resolution spectrum of the ν1 fundamental of propyne near 3335 cm−1 obtained using a very warm free jet expansion in our optothermal detection spectrometer. By using a high concentration sample expanded at low backing pressures we have been able to observe transitions for K values up to K=6. The additional data available allow us to reinvestigate this vibrational band. We find an unusual perturbation pattern in this band where the individual subbands (rovibrational transitions for a single K value) appear to be completely unperturbed at the level of precision of our data (7.5 MHz), but the subband origin orderings are perturbed through nonresonant interactions. Attempts to account for the subband ordering using a two‐state anharmonic interaction are unsuccessful indicating that the perturbations are of multistate origin. This type of nonresonant perturbation to the subband origins of symmetric top molecules should be a common feature of symmetric tops with large Arotational constants. As a result of this investigation we conclude that the previously reported value of α A , determined from a very cold expansion where only K=0 and K=1 were observed, is not a measure of the true (unperturbed) value of this constant. This conclusion is also supported by force field calculations presented here that use an empirical harmonic force field augmented by diagonal anharmonicities for the hydride stretches. These calculations, which reproduce measured values of α A and α B for lower energy bands quite successfully, also show that the previous determination of α A is too large and must be dominated by perturbation contributions. We have also measured the weak Fermi resonant band ν3+2ν0 9 which acquires its intensity through interaction with ν1. Again we find an anomalous subband ordering like that observed in ν1.
Sub‐Doppler, infrared laser spectroscopy of the propyne 2ν1 band: Evidence of z‐axis Coriolis dominated intramolecular state mixing in the acetylenic CH stretch overtone100(1994); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466456View Description Hide Description
The eigenstate‐resolved 2ν1 (acetylenic CH stretch) absorptionspectrum of propane has been observed for J'=0–11 and K=0–3 in a skimmed supersonic molecular beam using optothermal detection. Radiation near 1.5 μm was generated by a color center laser allowing spectra to be obtained with a full‐width at half‐maximum resolution of 6×10−4 cm−1 (18 MHz). Three distinct characteristics are observed for the perturbations suffered by the optically active (bright) acetylenic CH stretch vibrational state due to vibrational coupling to the nonoptically active (dark) vibrational bath states. (1) The K=0 states are observed to be unperturbed. (2) Approximately 2/3 of the observed K=1–3 transitions are split into 0.02–0.25 cm−1 wide multiplets of two to five lines. These splittings are due to intramolecular coupling of 2ν1 to the near resonant bath states with an average matrix element of 〈V 2〉1/2=0.002 cm−1 that appears to grow approximately linearly with K. (3) The K subband origins are observed to be displaced from the positions predicted for a parallel band, symmetric top spectrum.
The first two features suggest that the coupling of the bright state to the bath states is dominated by parallel (z‐axis) Coriolis coupling. The third suggests a nonresonant coupling (Coriolis or anharmonic) to a perturber, not directly observed in the spectrum, that itself tunes rapidly with K; the latter being the signature of diagonal z‐axis Coriolis interactions affecting the perturber. A natural interpretation of these facts is that the coupling between the bright state and the dark states is mediated by a doorway state that is anharmonically coupled to the bright state and z‐axis Coriolis coupled to the dark states.Z‐axis Coriolis coupling of the doorway state to the bright state can be ruled out since the ν1normal mode cannot couple to any of the other normal modes by a parallel Coriolis interaction. Based on the range of measured matrix elements and the distribution of the number of perturbations observed we find that the bath levels that couple to 2ν1 do not exhibit Gaussian orthogonal ensemble type statistics but instead show statistics consistent with a Poisson spectrum, suggesting regular, not chaotic, classical dynamics.


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Beginner Fly Tying
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Join Date: Jan 2006
Location: Seymour, Tn
Posts: 285
Re: Beginner Fly Tying
When I started tying, I didn't have much green and did what I could with what I had and was just a little A vise from some big brand box store - though it would have been nice to get a better vise - I really wasn't ready for a quality because I did not know what I needed just yet. That old vice was great to learn on as i read some books and kept at it...Skip Morris's "Fly Tying made clear and simple"was where I started and it seem to be as good as any place for an uninitiated to start. My starting patterns were elk hair caddis, para-adams, and a pheasant tail nymph - and they are pretty much standard in my Smokies box. Different sizes and colors can cover just about most hatches in the park if your limited on buget as I was....
Later as I progressed, I ended up with nicer tying equipment and more feathers and scraps if hide that i care to admit - so heres the best advice that no one ever gave me as I started out - find a way now to organized your tying stuff -it will get out of control like you would not believe!!! I handed the A vise to my 3year old who tied his first fly in a multi colored stack of chopped up micro chenille cross between a shreaded up San Jaun worm and a dead pheasant tail with sewing thread mixed in
it was a beauty! Haven't fished it just yet, though i sure some stocker in Gatlinburg would eat the thing.
There is just nothing like the feeling of catching fish with the flies you've tied...
May you find a rise in every puddle... - WATERBORN
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Picking out a good hiking backpack should be as important as choosing your boots. The right one will fit comfortably and help you carry even the heaviest loads with relative ease by distributing weight evenly. A low-quality or ill-fitting backpack can give you back pains, may not fit everything you need and generally make your hike unpleasant. Here are a few tips to make sure you pick out the best backpack for your needs:
Consider what you are using the bag for
Sure, you're probably using your hiking backpack for, well, hiking. But really consider what kind of activities you'll be engaging in. Do you just need a light bag for water, snacks and a spare pair of socks while you go on short hikes? Will you be walking or running? Are you going to be on the trail for days at a time? Will you be on a scrambling trek or climbing rock faces? All of these will dictate the size and shape of the bag you pick for yourself.
Panel loader versus top loader
While this does depend, in part, on what activity you'll be engaging in, whether you want a front or top loading bag also largely depends on your preference. For example, if you're going to need to get gear or supplies out of your bag or you like to keep your belongings organized, a front load backpack may be up your alley. Because the zipper is U-shaped, the front panel completely opens up, which means you can have access to everything from the top to the bottom of your bag. On the other hand, top loaders have a little more flexibility in terms of space. Many come with an extendable top lid that gives you a bit more space, which is handy for climbers who need to bring a lot of gear that they'll end up using for the climb and don't want an over-large bag.
Different types of backpacks
Once you have a good idea of what you are going to be using your backpack for, it's time to explore your options. Here are a few basic types of bags
- Day pack: These are mostly standard backpacks, similar to those you might have used in school. If you're just planning on day trips, one of these should be more than enough for you. A bag that holds about 30 liters should be enough space, but also keep an eye out for one with side pockets and compartments, which can make organizing your gear easier.
- Multi-day backpack: If you're going to be camping overnight, you'll want something a little bigger to carry the supplies you'll need. Generally, between 35 and 40 liters should be adequate. Though they are handy for all backpacks, you'll especially want a hip belt to distribute weight when you start looking at bigger bags. Keep security in mind, as well. If you're spending the night somewhere, you may need room for a portable safe for your valuables.
- Hydration packs: These are bags especially designed to hold water. If you're a biker or will be using trekking poles, having a backpack that allows you to take a drink without using your hands will be convenient. That said, you may not need to buy a bag specially designed to hold water – many newer bags can hold a hydration reservoir. However, if you don't need much space, these specialty bags may be a good option.
Pairing activities with the right bag
If you know you'll be engaging in a particular activity most of the time, here's a guide to pick up the best bag for you:
- Climbing or scrambling: You'll need a fair amount of space to carry your climbing gear, so look for a bag that can hold at least 40 liters. Top load bags are great for this kind of equipment. The backpack should also have a narrow profile so it stays out of your way as you climb. Because climbing gear tends to be fairly heavy, look for a bag with a padded back and hip straps. You'll also need some specialized features, like an ice ax loop and a daisy chain.
- Trail running: Picking a small, narrow bag is the best way to keep it from bouncing all over the place. Hydration packs tend to be a good choice, as they are just enough to carry water and a couple other essentials without weighing you down. Consider a lumbar or waist pack, as keeping your back clear may be more comfortable.
- Skiing: There are specially made bags for ski touring that allow you to attach your skis for easy transport. Look for one with a narrow profile along with sternum and hip straps.
There are also a few other considerations you may want to make. For example, there are bags especially designed for women, as they feature more contoured shoulder straps and a narrower design. Messenger bags are also popular among cyclists.


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DiCenso stands at the entrance to the Palace of the Bishop's Curia in Bergamo, Italy, which is an ancient building used as the residence of the Bishops of Bergamo since the middle ages, and houses the Historical Archives of the Diocese of Bergamo where he is performing his research. Photo by: Nathan Fitch
Known for his popular hip-hop, rap and blues classes among Holy Cross students, and for organizing hip-hop festivals for Worcester area high school students, Daniel DiCenso '98, assistant professor of music, is chasing after his other passion this summer—rare, early music sources.
Right before DiCenso returned to the College to teach in 2008, he traveled to Monza, Italy, to research a manuscript that was cataloged as a 10th- or 11th-century source of Gregorian chant (liturgical music used in the Roman Catholic Church). "Very little was known about the manuscript, but the catalog description didn't seem to jibe with the date," DiCenso observes. "When I arrived in Monza I was shocked to discover that the manuscript actually might date back to as early as 850 A.D."
These findings are significant because early sources of Gregorian chant survived in France and Switzerland, but scholars thought that no early Italian sources were in existence. "This Monza manuscript is a kind of 'missing link' between a body of music that was allegedly exported from Rome to all Christian churches during the eighth and ninth centuries," he explains.
How could this happen? Because a complicated cataloging error had dated the manuscript incorrectly, therefore, no one paid much attention to the chant it contained. Until DiCenso began his work on the Monza manuscript, which he describes as "one of the three earliest sources of Gregorian chant in existence, the only source of its unique type, and the earliest source to contain a complete chant formulary for the famous 'Requiem' Mass, which was the inspiration for famous works by later composers such as Mozart and Verdi."
DiCenso has recently been invited to present this research at the Pontifical Institute for Sacred Music in Rome on July 8, 2012 as part of conference session sponsored by the Cantus Planus study group of the International Musicological Society. "All of the chant scholars participating in the special session are excited by the rare opportunity to present our research at the Pontifical Institute, but for me there is a special significance given that my research deals directly with questions about the history of the liturgy in Rome."
The Pontifical Institute of Sacred Music was founded by Pope Pius X in 1910 to teach the disciplines of liturgical music in terms of practical, theoretical and historical knowledge, to promote the dissemination of the traditional sacred music, and to encourage artistic expressions appropriate to today's culture.
"This source is new and important evidence that both complicates and challenges the dominant view of chant transmission," explains DiCenso's colleague Jessica Waldoff, associate professor of music. "Dan's research is groundbreaking."
DiCenso's project is titled: "More Roman than 'Gregorian,' More Frankish than 'Old Roman:' What a Newly Rediscovered Italian Source Reveals about the Roman and Frankish Character of Chant Transmission in the Mid-Ninth Century."
His work on this Monza manuscript is part of a larger study to edit all of the existing sources of Gregorian chant for the Mass up to the end of the ninth century. "All of the earliest sources have not been edited," Daniel explains, "and so producing a volume that collects all of these sources together in one place would be a significant scholarly advancement in the field."
Recently awarded the Robert L. Ardizzone ('63) Junior Faculty Research Award by Holy Cross, he is using this to work on the Monza manuscript this summer, and also meet with the few experts in the world who have the expertise to verify his findings—as well as view and research other manuscripts in Monza, Bergamo and Milan.
The chant doesn't stop there. At Holy Cross, DiCenso recently taught a course titled "Chant as Popular Music," which featured a class trip to the Benedictine Abbey Regina Laudis, in Conn., to hear live chant being sung in the context of a Vespers service. This upcoming spring semester he hopes to offer a course called "Gregorian Chant," and this fall he will teach chant in a class titled "History of Western Music."
DiCenso earned his B.A. in music from Holy Cross, an M.A. in music from the University of Pennsylvania, an M.A. in classical studies from Villanova University, an M.S. in education from the University of Pennsylvania, a Ph.D. in education from the University of Pennsylvania, and his Ph.D. in musicology from the University of Cambridge in 2012, where he was the first Holy Cross student to earn a Gates Scholarship. Last academic year he served as coordinator of the Medieval and Renaissance Studies Program. DiCenso resides in Boston, Mass.
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James Yancey will oversee European growth of the parent company of marketing firms 360i, SearchIngnite and Netmining.
Katie Evans
James Yancey, formerly managing director of digital marketing agency 360i's Atlanta office, has been named to head the newly opened London office of Innovation Interactive, parent company of 360i, search marketing technology vendor SearchIgnite and behavioral targeting company Netmining. Yancey will oversee efforts to drive Innovation Interactive's growing business in Europe, according to Will Margiloff, CEO.
"During his tenure at 360i, James had tremendous success expanding the agency's service offerings to bring more value to our U.S. clients," Margiloff says. "In this new role, he is building out a local team of talented digital specialists who will draw on all of Innovation Interactive`s best of breed solutions and technologies to help marketers in Europe address their most pressing digital objectives."
Jared Belsky, with some 10 years of industry experience in interactive brand management and consumer packaged goods marketing, will succeed Yancey as head of 360i's Atlanta division. Belsky's prior experience includes The Coca-Cola Company, where he managed the Fanta brand; and five years at digital agency Avenue A/Razorfish, working with a variety of pharmaceutical and consumer packaged goods clients.
"Jared brings incredible, proven experience developing brand and communication strategies that propel companies to become market leaders," says John Ragals, chief operating officer of 360i.


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Aberystwyth Holiday Village is a great place for a family holiday or an overnight stay. Set in 30 acres, Aberystwyth Holiday Village accommodates up to 500 tents, tourers and motorhomes plus 200 static holiday homes. Facilities include indoor swimming pool, fitness centre, ten pin bowling centre and amusements, two bars, entertainment, restaurant, takeaway, mini-market, on park fishing and much, much more ... Just a few minutes walk from Aberystwyth town centre and beach. Open March to October.
The 16 acre Caravan and Camping field is totally flat with the River Rheidol as its boundary. You have a choice of tarmac, hard standing or grass pitches, many of which have electric hook-up points. All pitches are close to modern shower and toilet facilities which are open 24 hours. All showers are FREE. Pitches are available from 1 night to a complete season.
Why Rent when you can own your own holiday caravan and have as many holidays as you like between 1st March - 10th January? Please see our Caravan Sales page for more information.
To book, just fill in the Online Quote form (above).
For more information, or to book by phone, please call 01970 624211.


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The buzz in Storrs Wednesday afternoon was conference realignment, not New Hampshire basketball.
Hard to believe, I know.
Still, we found some time to talk hoops before UConn (5-1 and unranked) hosts UNH Thursday night at the XL Center. Some of the highlights:
*Redshirt senior R.J. Evans (sternalclavicular sprain) has made "great progress," according to Kevin Ollie. Evans did not practice Wednesday, but was able to shoot some free throws. He'll miss the storied UNH rivalry, but could return next week. A UConn official said it would be "highly optimistic" to think Evans — the team's sixth man — can play against N.C. State on Dec. 4. A more realistic goal would be Friday, Dec. 7 versus Harvard.
*Ollie touched on rebounding, which seems to be a topic of discussion after every game or practice.
*Interesting story from CBSSports.com college hoops insider Jeff Goodman on Alex Oriakhi, who is off to a fine start (career-high 11.8 points, 8.8 boards per game) at Missouri. Among the quotes from Oriakhi: "If you helped win a national title and then were on the bench, how would you feel? In my three years, I never, ever talked back to (Calhoun). I kept quiet and did exactly what he told me. I got good grades, played hard and never got in trouble….What he did last year was ridiculous. Especially to a junior. I figured I'd get a little leeway. I didn't get treated like that as a freshman."


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Is it throwback Thursday? Because I'm about to do something I haven't done in a long time.
That's right y'all, it's WIAW!
About two weeks ago I received an email from Tasca, a tapas restaurant in Brighton, regarding a sangria and tapas tasting they were hosting Monday night. I'd been to Tasca once before and had a great time, so I figured why not? And let's be honest, I'm not really the kind of girl who says no to sangria tasting.
I'm going to be straight up and say Tasca exceeded my expectations. I expected 2-3 plates of different tapas and a few sample glasses of sangria. Instead we were each served a total of 10 plates of different tapas and 7 goblet sized glasses of sangria.
For $35.
I don't know about you
but I'm feeling 22 but to me that is a DEAL.
We started off the tasting with a glass of "Salamanca Seduction" – a white sangria – served with chilled tomato and cucumber soup and cold potatoes, both of which were okay. Nothing great, but definitely good enough to leave our plates clean 😉
Once finished our plates were quickly cleared and followed with "bacalao croquettes" which were mini crab-cake balls and sizzling shrimp tossed in a garlic sauce. Although we had already finished our first glass of sangria, our server at Tasca kindly gave us another glass to "sample again". Swoon – a man after my own heart.
Next up on the menu: "Pink Peach" Sangria which was probably my favorite sangria of the night, minus the pulp. I could have lived without it. The sangria was served with a bowl of duck, chicken, and chorizo in a white bean ragout which was different, but good – however I probably wouldn't order it again. The brie and apple chutney on the other hand? GET IN MY MOUTH.
Sweet Jesus, they nailed it. The perfectly melted cheese mixed with the apple spread paired perfectly together. My mouth is actually watering thinking about it.
MOVING ON. It was at this point I started to sink into a food coma. I looked at Kayla and said (verbatim) "If I move I think I will explode". Tasca's service was quick and efficient, but boy, I wished they would have given us a little more breathing room between each dish.
After I had willed myself to keep on eating (look at me, pretending like it was a difficult decision or something 😉 my love of food >>>>>) we were ready for the next round. Our next glass of sangria was the strongest, but that's probably why it was called the "Matador Mandarin". It delivered quite a punch. And by punch I mean I was drunk and started sending out selfie SnapChats such as these…
Guys. This round of tapas changed my life. Not to be dramatic or anything.
We started with "croquettas de pollo" which basically was buffalo chicken with vegetables and cheese… FRIED. FRIED. Holy hell I thought that was the best thing I had tasted that night. Well that was until they brought in the closer – grilled pork tacos with a fresh tomato and mango salsa.
If you go to Tasca and you only order one thing – ORDER THIS. Life. Changing. I literally took a bite, set the taco down, moaned about how I love food for 3 minutes and kissed my fingers in joy. Yum.
So at this point I am satisfied. I am full. But I can't stop. Because up next on the menu was the "Sour Cherry" Sangria served with goat cheese empanadillas with a roasted red pepper relish.
Since the taco's took the #1 spot, I'd say these come in a close second. If you're looking for a great starter/appetizer, this is your dish! The red pepper relish is sweet which balances perfectly with the goat stuffed empanadilla.
Last but certainly not least was dessert! You guys know I'm not huge on sweets. I love a nice ice cream sundae every now and then, but if given the choice between chocolate or pasta – pasta wins ANYDAY. So I was pleasantly surprised with the dessert spread Tasca had to offer!
Cookies and cream ice cream with a flan and brownie topped with bananas and whipped cream served with the "Lady Godiva" sangria! And I feel like it goes without saying (but I'm going to say it anyways) this plate was cleared in a matter of seconds.
After dessert we had a glass (or two) of sangria before I actually felt like someone had to roll me back to my apartment.
Tasca, thank you for good sangria, better food and an all around awesome evening. You can bet I'll be seeing you again!
Let's Talk – Have you ever been to a tapas restaurant? Favorite dish? And if you had to choose: tapas or sangria?


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Sean Avila Saiter
B.A., The Evergreen State College, 2002
M.A., The Institute of Transpersonal Psychology, 2009
Ph.D. (candidate), The Institute of Transpersonal Psychology, 2011
Biographical Note
Sean M. Avila Saiter, MA, PhD(c.) is the Program Coordinator and Adjunct Faculty in the Integral Theory program at John F. Kennedy University in Pleasant Hill, CA. Sean is currently completing a dissertation on Participatory Reality Construction in Higher Education Classrooms, a phenomenological study being conducted as part of earning his PhD at the Institute of Transpersonal Psychology in Palo Alto, CA. Sean's research interests lie in the areas of phenomenology, social theory, second-person issues in research, intersubjectivity, philosophy of science, philosophy of social science, and participatory philosophy. He is Board Member-at-Large in the Society for Phenomenology and the Human Sciences, Associate Organizer for the Integral Theory Conferences, Associate Managing Editor for International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, and serves as a peer-reviewer for Journal of Transpersonal Psychology and Journal of Integral Theory and Practice. He lives in Berkeley, CA with his wife.
Publication Types
Non-Fiction, Scholastic
Latest Publication Title
"Universal Integralism: Ken Wilber's Integral Method in Context" in The Humanistic Psychologist, Volume 37, Issue 4, 2009
Additional Publications
"On Relevance, Typification, and Multiple Realities: Toward an Integral Social Theory," in True But Partial: Essential Critiques of Integral Theory, edited by Sean Esbjorn-Hargens, SUNY Press series in Integral Theory, 2012 (in preparation)
"Direct Intersubjective Perception in Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, and Levinas: Overview and Implications for Psychology," Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 2011 (In preparation)
"Book Review: Integral Education: New Directions for Higher Learning," Teachers College Record, 2011 (forthcoming)
Integral Theory in Action: Applied, Theoretical, and Constructive Perspectives on the AQAL Model, edited by Sean Esbjorn-Hargens, SUNY Press series in Integral Theory, 2010 (wrote index)
"Book Review: The Return of the Perennial Philosophy by John Holman." The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, Vol. 41, No. 1., 2009
"Conference Review: EUROTAS 2008." AHP Perspective/ATP Newsletter, December 2008/January 2009 issue.
"A General Introduction to Integral Theory and Comprehensive Mapmaking," in The Journal of Conscious Evolution, 2005
"Transpersonal Therapy and the Role of the Healer," in LILA: Journal of Cosmic Play, 2003
Publication Excerpt
On "Universal Integralism: Ken Wilber's Integral Method in Context":
This article is an inquiry into Ken Wilber's integral epistemology as applied to social systems, namely, through organizations and leadership. It explicates the constructionist component inherent in the universalist nature of AQAL theory (a framework covering all quadrants, all levels, all lines, all states, all types). The relationship between integral methodological pluralism and the AQAL model are explored in the context of a fundamental misunderstanding of phenomenology, transpersonal psychology, and the human sciences, not as a method among many but as an essential characteristic of Wilber's integral theory. This article aims to contribute to the further development of integral research and design methods through clarification and contextualization.
How did Evergreen help you in your career?
Evergreen helped me to find and step into my voice. Evergreen provided me with academic freedom and space to explore an area of interest that I simply could not find in other venues on the undergraduate level at the time. In many ways, I found an open space for creativity and exploration that was cathartic and therapeutic for me. Evergreen represented a commitment to an alternative education that honors diverse ways of knowing beyond traditional boundaries and interests. Paradoxically, I found a stabilizing influence in Evergreen's open curriculum. I will always cherish my time at Evergreen.


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Optimization of a GCaMP calcium indicator for neural activity imaging
Akerboom, Jasper
Chen, Tsai-Wen
Wardill, Trevor J.
Tian, Lin
Marvin, Jonathan S.
Mutlu, Sevinc
Calderon, Nicole Carreras
Esposti, Federico
Borghuis, Bart G.
Sun, Xiaonan Richard
Gordus, Andrew
Orger, Michael B.
Portugues, Ruben
Engert, Florian
Macklin, John J.
Filosa, Alessandro
Aggarwal, Aman
Kerr, Rex A.
Takagi, Ryousuke
Kracun, Sebastian
Shigetomi, Eiji
Khakh, Baljit S.
Baier, Herwig
Lagnado, Leon
Wang, Samuel S.-H.
Bargmann, Cornelia I.
Kimmel, Bruce E.
Jayaraman, Vivek
Svoboda, Karel
Kim, Douglas S.
Schreiter, Eric R.
Looger, Loren L.
MetadataShow full item record
Citable URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/1912/5448
As publishedhttps://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2601-12.2012
Genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) are powerful tools for systems neuroscience. Recent efforts in protein engineering have significantly increased the performance of GECIs. The state-of-the art single-wavelength GECI, GCaMP3, has been deployed in a number of model organisms and can reliably detect three or more action potentials in short bursts in several systems in vivo. Through protein structure determination, targeted mutagenesis, high-throughput screening, and a battery of in vitro assays, we have increased the dynamic range of GCaMP3 by severalfold, creating a family of "GCaMP5" sensors. We tested GCaMP5s in several systems: cultured neurons and astrocytes, mouse retina, and in vivo in Caenorhabditis chemosensory neurons, Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction and adult antennal lobe, zebrafish retina and tectum, and mouse visual cortex. Signal-to-noise ratio was improved by at least 2- to 3-fold. In the visual cortex, two GCaMP5 variants detected twice as many visual stimulus-responsive cells as GCaMP3. By combining in vivo imaging with electrophysiology we show that GCaMP5 fluorescence provides a more reliable measure of neuronal activity than its predecessor GCaMP3. GCaMP5 allows more sensitive detection of neural activity in vivo and may find widespread applications for cellular imaging in general.
© The Author(s), 2012. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Journal of Neuroscience 32 (2012): 13819-13840, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2601-12.2012.
The following license files are associated with this item:


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Written by Mr. Doctor on 24.05.2013 at 12:48
Oh, and the album is the tits. I'll have it for mah wedding!
Written by BloodTears on 24.05.2013 at 13:29I hope I'm invited I'm really liking this album, those riffs man... the riffs! This band always tries something new, keeps it fresh and it sounds like Kylesa. Pretty impressive.


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Viewing Blog
View All Blogs | View Blogs by Tom Neale | View Blogs in Tom & Mel Neales Boating Tips
12. Bilge Busting Tips
By Tom Neale - Published September 23, 2004 - Viewed 1357 times
Bilge Busting Tips
By Tom Neale
A wet/dry vacuum cleaner, such as a Shop-Vac (tm) is a great tool for bilge maintenance. You can pour bilge cleaners down there all day long, but they won't take care of everything, and sometimes end up smelling worse than the bilge water. An occasional cleaning with a Shop-Vac, using the extensions (such as the crevice wand) can dry your bilge almost completely, pick up grime and dirt, and even suck up most of the wildlife that's lurking down there. It'll also help to ward off bilge blister. Yep, in some fiberglass boats it's possible to get them down there if it's wet enough long enough. Then you've got outside blisters working through to meet inside blisters. This is a union that's not made in heaven.
Always follow the manufacture's instructions and warnings when you use any tool. Don't use a wet/dry vacuum or any other electric tool aboard if there is gasoline or other explosive gasses in the bilge or elsewhere open.
Bilge diapers are better than pampers in a nursery. If you spread them under your engine you'll know at an early stage whether it's about to ruin your day, if what it has in mind is to leak oil, tranny fluid, or coolant. You can buy these oil absorbing diapers as flat sheets or as high capacity log rolls, neatly tied in mesh. The flat sheets are considerably cheaper and more versatile. Should you need the greater capacity of a roll, you can easily layer several flat sheets, roll them up into a log, and tie them. This saves both money and storage space.
If you have water standing under your engine (on some boats this is a given) the sheets should float on top of the water, absorbing oil only. But if you get certain "additives" in the water, such as anti freeze or some bilge cleaners, you'll need to change the oil absorbent diapers more often, because these will adversely affect their floatation and absorption qualities.
Copyright 2004-2005 Tom Neale
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Who's the luckiest gay couple in the world? David Hawe and John Paul Kane, that's who — the Toronto duo that got married over the weekend in a ceremony officiated by none other than Chloe Sevigny. (Or rather Drew Droege as Chloe Sevigny, but don't let her hear you say that.)
(Thanks, Kevin!)
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89 posts tagged with advice and career.
Displaying 1 through 50 of 89. Subscribe:
Recommend me books about work
I'm looking for books about how to manage your working life effectively. That could be anything from productivity, to managing stress, to interpersonal relationships, to broader musings on work-life balance or authenticity or ambition. I know that the airport bookshops of the world are full of this kind of thing, but what's actually worth reading? [more inside]
Difficult dilemma - pursue MBA or apply for well paid permanent job?....
I'm fast approaching 36 this year and have had a varied career. You could same i'm a jack of all trades but master of none, what with undertaking lots of roles and completing a business degree at 33. For the past couple of years, the job market has been tough. I've undertaken a couple of 6-9 month job contracts as a temp, whilst also experiencing a length period of unemployment. I loved the experience academia brought and I excelled during this journey, developing some great skills. I've just been accepted to do the MBA part time and have been in my current contract 15 months. It is due to come to an end in October but there's a chance of a permanent job coming up that is very well paid. [more inside]
Where to go for advice about life issues?
If you don't have any close friends or trusted relatives in whom you can confide, where can you find a sounding board for problems you're facing? [more inside]
To Boldly Go Where Many Have Gone Before!
I want a real career. After a decade of professional frittering, I'm finally coming into my own — I have deep focus and a desire to invest heavily in my future. What should I make of myself? [more inside]
Should I Stick With My Current Company, or Leave for a New One?
I've come to realize the people I work for are fake and opportunistic to the point I've been looking quietly for a job. Then they offered me a substantial promotion. Do I take it and tolerate them until I can go elsewhere? Or do I quit now and move laterally on to something else? [more inside]
Attach of the quarter life crisis
I'm 28 and feel completely lost. I have a bachelor's and postgraduate degree in Information Technology and work in the IT sector. I feel out of place at my job and on the path towards mediocrity. How do I break out of this and find a path towards success? [more inside]
Please don't make me start at entry level
I'm 25 years old and about to graduate with a MS in engineering. I am faced with the prospect of continuing my own venture or starting somewhere in industry. My venture is challenging and fulfilling, but not very promising, whereas the prospect of starting an entry level position makes me depressed and unmotivated. How can I find something to do where I will have ownership and opportunities for growth? [more inside]
What are better jobs in Computer Software/IT for someone with ADD?
What are better jobs in Computer Software/IT for someone with ADD? [more inside]
I am sick of making labels. Please hope me.
How do I transition from "pink collar" admin jobs to...anything else? Wrinkle: most likely moving to a (much) smaller city some time next year. [more inside]
How do I figure out what job/career I fit into?
I've been applying and interviewing a bit, but most applications get no response, which I know is common enough, but maybe I could be going about this better. I am in dire need of guidance at this point as to what sort of other jobs or fields I might fit into and be happy with. (Long) details inside. [more inside]
Career rechanneling advice for a Canadian law-talking guy
I'm a lawyer in Ontario, and I'm considering a career change, but I'm trying to find a realistic career option that both works with my skillset and which satisfies at least some of what I want from work at this point. [more inside]
What is it I actually do for a living?
I'm an administrator at an ISP. I'm not sure if I'm data entry or if I'm gaining transferrable skills. Inside are a list of tasks I perform on a daily/weekly basis... [more inside]
How can I make money now that I (will) have a college degree?
Worked full time in assorted office jobs since 2004 while going to community college. In 2012, I started a (part-time) degree at University of Pennsylvania and in Fall 2015 (maybe Spring 2016) I will graduate with a psychology bachelor's degree. I have about 20K in debt and make less than 40k per year in a job that is not really a career. How can I transition to a career where I make at least 50k per year, preferably more? Many more details inside. [more inside]
ISO life
A professional setback from several years ago is affecting my ability to move forward. I've been floundering around and drifting for years. I want to get my shit together, but I don't know how to proceed. How do I figure out wtf I should do with my life now? [long] [more inside]
How can I get an entry-level job as a Data Analyst in NYC, ASAP?
How can I get into data analysis with little-to-no data or programming experience? [more inside]
Help Transition out of Education Into Data Analytics and Computer Scienc
I am currently a public high school teacher teaching science and would very much like to transition into data and policy analytics, with a particular bent on computer programming and economic analysis. What are ways I can transition into these fields. One thing I have found that is a fellowship program from Education Pioneers. Are there other resources like this? What routes would you advise that I take? More information inside [more inside]
In PhD program, trying to decide next career move.
Am I competitive enough to get a job in academia? [more inside]
Help my wife choose a career
Since leaving university a few years ago with a humanities degree (human geography with Spanish), my wife's mostly worked as a temp in an admin position for the same company. Her plan was to do this while deciding what she really wanted to do; two years later, and she's still no closer to making any decisions but as dissatisfied with her current work as ever... [more inside]
Career advice: where to go from admin work?
I've recently had some temporary administrative assistant positions and I'm looking to figure out how to move into some other field. [more inside]
Want to become a therapist at 32 with no psychology degree.
I'm 32, in NYC, no psych degree, and I'm burned out on my current job path. How do I break into a career as a therapist or counselor? [more inside]
How do I Become a Product Manager / Implementation Specialist?
I recently met someone who is an Agile product manager, and he seems to have my dream job. I love meeting and talking to people, translating layman's speak and understanding into tech speak and vice versa, and I love an everchanging, fast-paced job where you actually *work.* How do I get into this? (Longsplaining background follows.) [more inside]
Give a kind bit of advice to a young lady adrift in the sea of life.
My brain is swirling with options and I just need kind advice. I have no shoulder on which I may settle my weight for a moment's rest. I beg your listening ear!Should I sit tight and save or make a move to take pressure off my vehicle? It needs to last me a few years.... How can I escape the white trash wastes I have been condemned to? [more inside]
Non-profit career help in Britain?
Last October, I started a charity that since April I have won some good grants, grown over the last three months from 10 to 54 clients. Well enough, I am happy to continue working on it as a volunteer and board member. But, it doesn't need full-time employees. I have got some consulting work beginning in November. I would like to find a full-time job. Explaining "I did this, it is going well, now I need some money" is difficult. I am trying to find a non-profit or NGO career consultant in England or the EU to help sort this all out. Can you help?
Career Crisis- How to get hired after only 2 months at current job?
Hello, Metafilter! Long time lurker (10 years), first time poster. To sum it up- after a failed stint as an AmeriCorps VISTA (6 months) following graduation from the University of South Carolina with a degree in International Studies and a minor in Economics- I have spent a year unemployed, a year as a bank teller, another year unemployed, and over a year as a server and a tax season as a tax pro at H&R block. I went back to school during the time as a server to get enough credits to sit for the CPA (one computer apps class away from obtaining accounting certificate at a local community college). Moved back to SC and spent from 07/12-06/13 as an Assistant Service Manager at a car dealership (hated it because A, I have asthma and missed a ton of work due to complications from working outside, B, I knew nothing about cars, and C, I am not a fan of Customer Service/commission pay). [more inside]
Legal Career Advice
I am looking for some career advice regarding search techniques and information about non-traditional legal jobs that I may be overlooking. I am interested in international law, environmental law, administrative law, and trade and investment law. I have work experience in international law and have also lived and studied abroad. Prior to law school I worked in finance for four years (my undergraduate degree is in international finance), I am located in the Northeast, and I am awaiting results from the bar exam which I took this past July. [more inside]
Salary discrimination. Looking for advice to help a coworker negotiate.
The new hire is making more than someone who has been there for years and is still doing most of the work. What should I tell my coworker so that she can negotiate a fair salary? [more inside]
What direction should/can my life take now?
This one might be a doozy. So, I'm a 23 year old recent college grad ( this May) with a B.A. in psychology and no idea what to do with my life. ( Original, I know, but bear with me, it gets better.) Everyone around me seems to have what are at least well-outlined 5 year plans, oriented around either grad school or a great entry level job. Certain circumstances in my life though seem to leave me with a vision of the future that doesn't extend far beyond the living room couch and daytime TV for the next 10 years and that frightens me to no end. [more inside]
Plan B/In the Meantime career advice
I wasn't selected for military officer training school. Help me design my Plan B/In the Meantime career while I apply again. [more inside]
Who has second thoughts about their dream job?
I really can't figure out what I want to do in my life. And it's scaring the crap out of me. At many times I really thought I knew what I wanted and then when I started working... I didn't, at all! I tried really hard to figure out what to do. I majored in political science, been involved in campaigns, and I thought I would just go to law school. But felt uneasy about the whole thing like it was just something I was supposed to do cause I would be good at it. So I decided to work a bit in a medical field, which was followed by living aboard for a few years. Now I'm dabbling in film and thinking about architecture. All amazing experiences but no closer to a conclusion. I feel super strongly about some careers and then realize I only feel strongly about those things because I admire the people in those fields and not necessarily the field itself. Does anyone have a similar story? Any conclusions? Can anyone help?
Talk to me programmers!
Is it worth changing careers, getting a masters in CS? [more inside]
Undergrad's over... what now?
I wanted to go into academia but I don't have the balls. Now I'm at the cusp of graduation and unsure of what my options are. I'll be finishing up my undergrad at the end of the month barring any unfortunate surprises. I will graduate with a fairly high GPA (although nothing too special) from McGill with a bachelors in Biology. I've always loved the idea of academia, but for the last year I've been reading articles that practically plead for me to stay away. My past considerations have focused around research, but med school and bio/biotech industry have also crossed my mind. There's also a whole world outside of science that I've never really considered. I've dabbled in graphic design in high school. It was really fun, but I always figured that I would make a better academic. I'd imagine most jobs I'd be interested in would involve reading/learning, information analysis, and stuff like that. I think I'm fairly well versed at communication, both written and spoken, but probably rusty in both in non-academic contexts. Honestly I do care about money. I expect to work hard, and I expect to be paid well for what I do. I'd also like to be paid for my expertise, not just for 'doing things.' [more inside]
When is relocation a good idea?
I know where I want to live. I'm trying to decide what career I want to pursue. And I want to bring my boyfriend along with me. Nothing is certain and I want to know whether I should be taking big risks at this point. And I need to pick a focus. [more inside]
Career advice for young couple in their 30's
Career advice for young couple in their 30's: What is their best path forward? [more inside]
Yet another financial advice question
I need some advice about career plans, graduate studies and whether to rent or to own. Mostly in the financial context but also, of the bigger picture view -- am I being overly optimistic, am I too focused on career? [more inside]
Dropping out my PhD -- now what?
So after quite a few years in my PhD program in computational biology, I'm dropping out with a Masters. Where do I go from here? [more inside]
How do I become a business analyst, after years running a small business.
How do I become a business analyst, after years running a small business. [more inside]
Where can I find a university/life adviser?
Is there some sort of 'career/life counselor' out there that can help me navigate college/university programs and requirements after dropping out last year? [more inside]
Adivce on significant change in working environment!
Advice wanted: I'm moving from being the "IT guy" in 4 man company to IT managment in a large ogranisation (60k+ employees). [more inside]
How do I change careers into the UX field without further education?
What's the best way to move into a career in UX/interaction design without professional experience or the degree to match? I'm moving to Chicago and looking to start a career change, and I don't know where to start. [more inside]
Career anxiety
From public policy research to software consulting... tips how to find my niche? [more inside]
Advice/Thoughts for a recent college grad who doesn't like his job.
I just graduated college and have been working full-time for one month. I really don't like my job because I think I ended up in the wrong industry/type of business. I'm hoping for any suggestions, advice, or thoughts about how I can go about figuring out what industry/type of business/job would be a better fit for me. I am talented, smart, and hard working, but I feel like I am wasting my life because I'm not interested in my company or the work we do. [more inside]
Dishes and Cans and Code
I am a possible budding industrial engineer with a background as a programmer. Help me decide what to do with myself. [more inside]
I'm looking for career path suggestions for a family member. From debt adviser in the charity sector to ???
I'm looking for career path suggestions for a family member. From debt adviser in the charity sector to ??? [more inside]
Being Mentored by Boss and Colleagues are Feeling Insecure!
How should I handle this tricky situation at work? My boss has taken me under her wing to guide me on the path of success. I feel she did this because I was open to her assistance. We have now developed a friendly "quid pro quo" type of agreement. She assists me by sharing her expertise on certain work-related items and vice-versa. I will in turn share with my colleagues when I feel capable of doing so. Some of my closest colleagues are feeling insecure about my friendly and close relationship with our boss. It seems like they feel threatened by it...like they think I am privy to all this "important information" that I won't share with them. [more inside]
Please help me narrow down my place in (international) women's health, and help me map a path to get to that place.
Please help me narrow down my place in (international) women's health, and help me map a path to get to that place. [more inside]
How can I find the right career, settle down, and live happily ever after?
I have quite a bitty CV and I want to settle down with a job I love soon (I just turned 30). Could you help me find my career sweetheart? Or to put it another way, is there any job that will pay me to sit around and read? [more inside]
13 years? Challenge accepted
Which University/College should I go to if I plan to become a forensic pathologist? Specifics inside; looking for advice. [more inside]
What's the best way to reach out to advertising agencies about work?
So how exactly does a junior advertising copywriter introduce herself to agencies? [more inside]
Help me brainstorm career ideas
I like putting things together in optimal ways. What job can I do? Snowflakes inside. [more inside]
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I finished my associates two years ago and I believe it is time to begin taking classes again in order to improve myself. As an IT professional, should I aim for useful certificates or a bachelor's degree? [more inside]
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its D 22 bottles
basically i just assumed small bottles were 1 dollar and large were 3 dollars then found the budget the first dude that bought 16 bottles $(1 x 10 + 3 x 6)= $28. and used that same budget to determine the girls amount of small bottles using her limit of 24 bottles as a constraint.
ok for the way with equations. this problem can be expressed as 2 equations with 2 unknown varibles. then we can use our algebra to solve
first equation (still using the price of bottles as 1$ for small 3$ for large)
since we know bill or dave or watever spent 28 dollars on his bottles we can express that as
here i am using x as the small bottles and y as the big bottles.
now for the second equation since we know that lisa has to buy 24 bottles (a mix of small (x) and large (y) bottles)
now we solve using these 2 equations.
if we multiply the bottom equation by (-1) and then add the 2 equations we are able to solve for y. once you obtain this value for y you can plug that value into either of the 2 equations to obtain x (which is the amount of small bottles lisa bought, and your answer)


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Remembering Michael Jackson: The 'Captain' Was Surreal
Here are a few words on Michael Jackson from Diane Fredel-Weis, a Los Angeles-based writer. Diane worked on the marketing for Jackson's "Captain EO," a 3-D sci-fi short featured as an attraction at Disney theme parks. The film was directed by Francis Ford Coppola, produced by George Lucas and starred Jackson alongside Anjelica Huston and Dick Shawn. Diane, who met the late pop star while working on "EO," was kind enough to detail some of her experiences for MTV readers.
by Diane Fredel-Weis
When I walked onto the Culver City soundstage of "Captain EO" in early 1986, it was a thrill on many levels. The sets were mind-blowing. Dark, complex, coiled metal environments. Actors walking around in alien costumes. Dozens of people busy with the production. And of course, the star of the film, Michael Jackson, was there.
I was on an assignment for Walt Disney World marketing to watch the filming of the new 3D film/attraction, developed by Walt Disney Imagineering, to run at Epcot Center.
A rep for The Disney Co. introduced me to Jackson, who was wearing his white "world-saving" jumpsuit. I remember Michael was polite and shy. It was surreal meeting him -- a superstar whose music I had grown up listening to since "The Jackson 5."
After we met, he returned to the set for the shoot. Right before the camera started to roll, he waved at me. I was thunderstruck. It wasn't like being selected to join Bruce Springsteen on stage, but it was a moment I will never forget.
"Captain EO" came at the high point of Michael Jackson's career. Many years before it seemed he was spending more time in courtrooms than in concert.
The day I was on the soundstage, they filmed the dance sequence for "We are Here to Change the World." I was in awe of not only Michael's dancing talent but of the caliber of talent the dancers that surrounded him demonstrated. It was mesmerizing.
During my short visit, I also had the opportunity to spend time with ["Star Wars" creator] George Lucas, the executive producer of "EO." I also met Anjelica Huston, who portrayed "EO"'s evil Supreme Leader.
When I returned to Orlando, I started working on ideas for TV, radio and print advertising for "Captain EO." I tried to come up with an original tagline for the poster but realized the song title, "We Are Here to Change the World," would work perfectly. Graphic designer Scott Feldman created the striking logo and H.R. Russell produced the illustration.
When I heard the news of Michael Jackson's death, this extraordinary experience came flooding back. Like the song "We are Here to Change the World," there is no denying that Michael did indeed impact the world with his influential contributions to music and culture.
Diane Fredel-Weis is a writer in Los Angeles.
Here is a picture of me in 1986, the year I went to the EO set and met Michael. As you can see, I was definitely influenced by his style:


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By submitting a story, you give your consent for your image, personal information, and all or part of your submission itself to be used by CUNA in any manner in which CUNA may choose, free and clear of any claim on your part, and without compensation paid to you relating to such use.


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"Find out how one charitable organization maximizes their fundraising profits and raises approximately $1,000 per email with Constant Contact.
Get started today! Visit ConstantContact.com to learn more."
So Many Charities, So Little Money: 4 Tips for Donating
25 Ways to Upcycle Old T-Shirts
10 Tips for Being the Best Volunteer You Can Be


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Get the facts from someone other than facilities operators themselves
It's a regrettable situation, but operators and marketers of assisted living centers are under considerable pressure to keep their facilities full. This can lead to misrepresenting the facts. For instance, some may say their facilities are skilled at caring for dementia residents, when the truth is that they have very little such experience.
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For a none trivial solution (i.e. a solution for which not all of are zero),
it is necessary that the determinant of
and in that case there will be an infinite number of solutions.
Let , say, ( arbitrary) and solve for for in terms of
While trying to simplify a solution I came up with the following sparse matrix but don't know how to solve it.
I need to find solutions for satisfying
I would really appreciate if you would point me in finding out
1. Whether there is actually an analytic solution for this
2. If not a suitable numerical technique to find solutions


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Our Authors
Melody Fury
Melody Fury is a writer and photographer that covers cocktails and restaurants in Austin, TX.
Her team and she recently launched Coffer, the world's first naturally carbonated cold brew coffee. In her past life, she founded Vancouver Food Tour to showcase BC's farm-to-fork culture.
When not busy wielding her camera, Melody can be found sipping on cocktails, slurping sea urchin roe from the shell, or sucking on spot prawn heads.
- Location: Austin, Texas
- Favorite foods: Raw seafood, offal, ice cream.
- Last bite on earth: Flavours of home: freshly shucked Pacific oysters and a plate of geoduck sashimi, paired with BC wines.
Recent Posts
First Look: Modern Southwestern at Chavez in Austin
@happyfoodie He sure does. It was an unintentional typo on my part.
First Look: Modern Southwestern at Chavez in Austin
@livingawesomely You're not being a jerk. It's my mistake. Thanks for bringing it to my attention.
Open Thread: What Words Should Never Be Used to Describe Food?
"To die for". No food is worth giving life up for.
The Serious Eats Guide to Ramen Styles
Well done, sir! Looking forward to the rest of the series.
10 Lesser-Known Cocktails You Should Be Drinking
Fabulous post. You've included some of my favourites. Much appreciation for including the Vancouver (represent indeed!). Some current favourites are Satan's Whiskers and The Coffee Cocktail (brandy, whole egg, ruby port, sugar).
The Best Happy Hours in Austin
@nichole I was surprised by the generous portions. Re infusions: not for everybody, I get it. Nice that they have wine and beer specials too :)
The Best Happy Hours in Austin
@FoodPorncess I couldn't include all of my photos but it's easy to stuff oneself silly during sake hour. Let me know what you think of O&J!
The Best Happy Hours in Austin
@terrymtz Glad there are some new spots for you to check out. Last time I checked, I believe Swift's called it their happiest hour (5-6). I do enjoy their small bites/ bar snacks but the time is a little limiting for me personally. I can't seem to find the info on their website.
The Best Happy Hours in Austin
Thanks for the tip @mikeyg83!
Sugar Rush: Olive Gelato at Uchiko, Austin
@joydreamz amen!
Meat-Infused Spirits and More at CU29 in Austin
@Damaenon I'm a huge eggs-in-my-cocktail kind of girl too. I'd order the Ramos Gin Fizz more if I didn't feel so guilty making them shake for so long.
CU29 definitely pays homage to the classics and serves up some solid interpretations. I'd say chat with the bartender and see what they whip up for you.
p.s. I infuse my own ghost chili vodka at home. Love it in Moscow Mules and watermelon margaritas.
Sugar Rush: Olive Gelato at Uchiko, Austin
@carriebwc huh, that's such a shame. I haven't been to Uchi in Houston yet and wonder what you had. Nevertheless, did you by chance bring it up with your server? Just curious. Like you, there's often little room left for dessert but I'll squeeze it in somehow :)
First Look: Neapolitan-Style Pies at Bufalina Pizza in Austin, TX
@imwalkin I've absolutely noticed. There's something to be said about their passion and determination, but also their acute sense of what works and what doesn't when translated into the restaurant industry. Something I've gathered from them is their ability to see a need for change and to jump on it quickly, unlike some old school restaurateurs that are more resistant to adapt. I'm rooting for each one of them.
6 Pies We Love in Austin
That blueberry pie at Pieous is so bomb. I love their chocolate pecan too.
The Best Happy Hours in Austin
@terrymtz great picks, my friend. Thanks for contributing! Salty Sow's jarred items are truly fantastic. Salt & Time has a serious board indeed: http://ow.ly/nIIbe. Even better to know it's $10 during happy hour.
The Best Happy Hours in Austin
@noahphex - Please do share some of your favorite spots with quality food and drinks for under $5 a pop.
First Look: Abstract Plating and French Technique on the Dessert Menu at Mettle, Austin
@historienne Thanks so much for the heads up. I've made the edit. Mettle has a lunch menu now too - I'm pretty excited about that. The funny thing is it's in the same complex as my gym so I always feel a bit at odds stuffing my face there.
First Look: Cocktails at Qui in Austin, Texas
@thebarkingdog - Hey friend, I wrote "Quite a few of the drink names are inspired by television shows". Since fans (like you) can already spot the references, there's no need for me to sound like a broken record.
First Look: Sway in Austin
@renaissanceman I understand your sentiment. It's not always easy to ignore the fact that those cooking a certain cuisine in the kitchen is not of the same descent. This reminds me of the episode of No Reservations when Bourdain was in NYC and spent time with all the immigrants that worked in classic French kitchens. Grant Achatz also wrote about the same subject in his book. Can passion, talent, knowledge, research, and experience surpass a person's ethnicity? I believe America has always been a testament that it can. Having said that, you'll have to kill me before I eat Mexican food in Asia ;) I hope you get to try Sway some time and let me know what you think.
p.s. They openly acknowledge that they do fuse many cultures into their food. Having lived in Thailand, I'm sure you understand how neighboring cultures always influence a region's cuisine.
First Look: Pieous, Austin
@Rosewood I totally understand. It is, in fact, quite a haul for us too from East Austin but we've consistently been going there every time our friends say they want pizza. Backspace is a good alternative for Neapolitan style pizza in town. Let me know if you get around to trying it and tell them I sent you :)
Whitfield Takes Manhattan
@ceebee That's great to hear. Thanks for trying it out and for the feedback. Cheers!
The Best Margaritas in Austin, Texas
@FoodPorncess - Isn't it fascinating how certain drinks can take us back to such precise life moments? Also, is your brother banned from the Cedar Door now? Wow :)
First Look: Sway in Austin
@mp1118 - I'm very aware of the places that you've mentioned and very much enjoy some of them. However, I still maintain my "few to be found" stance. In terms of traditional Asian restaurants in Austin, there are several outstanding ones, a plethora of mediocre ones, and numerous embarrassing ones. Perhaps lumping them all under the "Asian" category was too sweeping. Nevertheless, compared to where I've lived and what I've experienced on my travels, I find Austin's Asian food scene to be lacking. It's on the up and up, though, and that's exciting to see.
The Best Margaritas in Austin, Texas
@bbqcoma - good eye, my friend. Thank you for pointing it out!
First Look: Sway in Austin
I guess there's such a wide range when it comes to spice tolerance. I found that the food was spicier my first time there than it was recently. I didn't try the drinking vinegar but I'll be sure to next time!


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Casting Crowns stops in Huntsville on Acoustic Sessions tourcomment (0)
November 7, 2013
By Martine Bates Sharp
To someone walking into Whitesburg Baptist Church, Huntsville, it looked and sounded like a concert was about to begin. A ticket booth, merchandise tables, some vendor displays and a band warming up inside the auditorium all served as clues to what was about to happen.
But the stage didn't look quite like a setting for a concert. In the middle of the stage sat a sofa, several comfortable chairs and a coffee table decorated with the kind of items found in most dens.
The concert Oct. 25 was part of the Casting Crowns "Acoustic Sessions" tour, and the set was carefully planned, according to band founder and lead vocalist Mark Hall, to get into an intimate setting with the audience and share the raw basics of the songs.
"I think there's something really honest about taking songs down to the lyrics and a few guitars, a mandolin ... and re-creating those moments the songs first came out of — to take all the production away and all the bells and whistles and just hear the song as it was when the artist wrote it," Hall said.
Casting Crowns, all youth ministers out of Eagle's Landing First Baptist Church, McDonough, Ga., have been recording together since 1999, first recording CDs for the youth in their church. A few years later, they were asked by well-known Christian artist Steven Curtis Chapman and Mark Miller from the group Sawyer Brown to expand their music.
Hall noted that he was hesitant at first but secured an agreement that the band members could remain with their jobs as youth ministers and only tour Thursday through Saturday, enabling them to be at church with their youth on Sundays and Wednesday nights. They still continue this practice after numerous successful CDs and Dove, Billboard Music and Grammy awards.
The group's dedication to youth ministry is unmistakable. The music, which is written primarily by Hall, generally grows out of a need to "draw a picture" that the youth can understand. The group sees their music as an extension of student ministry.
"I don't feel any more legit coming to Huntsville playing than I do back home working with my youth," Hall said. "When we started touring, we wondered how it might work, how we could connect with people we might not see again, instead of a youth group that you work with week after week."
The band was able to connect easily to the audience at Whitesburg Baptist, drawing the 2,000-plus people in the sanctuary into their inner circle and giving the feeling of listening to a group of friends sitting around talking.
In the end, Hall made it clear that it wasn't just about the music.
"Just repeating words on a screen is not worship. God, we don't want to just sing songs to You — we want our lives to be a song."
To view the video related to this article, visit the video library.


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Interested in attending the Southern Food Writing Conference?
The Southern Food Writing Conference dates are: May 18th - May 19th, 2017.
The Conference Registration Fee of $495 includes all seminar sessions, and all meals, including dinner at Blackberry Farm.
$375 Ridiculously Early Bird Registration will be available in January.
For additional information, contact: email@example.com


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Wednesday July 02nd 2014, 11:42 am Filed under Discrimination lawsuitIs 200 West Street a hostile place for women? Photo: JB Reed/Boomberg via Getty Images Two female former Goldman employees are seeking class status for a gender discrimination lawsuit against the bank, alleging that during their time at the bank, they experienced systematic mistreatment including lower pay and slower promotions than their male counterparts, meetings at strip clubs, and not being ... [News Source]
Is Goldman Sachs a 'Boys' Club'? This Lawsuit Claims It Is


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Linzi Glass
Ruby Red
Handsome boy meets beautiful girl. They discover they are soul mates. Their parents forbid them to see one another. Just…
About our Reviews
Over the last 15 years The Historical Novels Review (the society's print magazine for our members) has published reviews of some 12,000 historical fiction books. We plan to upload them all and make them searchable here.