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iPod shuffle Tips and Tricksby Scott Knaster
When Steve Jobs introduced the iPod shuffle last month, everybody had an instant opinion about Apple's decision not to include a display. Depending on your point of view, it was either a bold solution for reducing cost and complexity, or the latest example of an unclothed emperor. The iPod shuffle has now been in the world for a few weeks, and so far, it looks like a big winner, with mostly positive reviews and plenty of demand.
The shuffle is so simple to operate that even your 2-year-old might soon be nagging you for one. But there are plenty of fun intricacies and nuances to learn about in iPod shuffle and in its faithful companion, iTunes 4.7.1. In this article, we'll take a deeper look at the newest iPod and iTunes.
Buttoned Up
There aren't many buttons to push on the shuffle, and that's a good thing: it makes it hard to push the wrong one. Most people can figure out how to press the big button to start and stop the music, and perform other basic functions using the four other buttons to control volume and navigation.
There are a few interesting features hiding behind those buttons. Unlike other iPods, the shuffle has no "hold" switch to prevent tragic button-push accidents. On the shuffle, you can lock the buttons by holding down Play/Pause for a few seconds until the amber (you might think it looks more like orange or yellow) light blinks at you a few times. To unlock the buttons, hold down Play/Pause again until you get the blinking green light.
Although iPod shuffle lacks the fancy song-scrubbing trick that lets you quickly skip through a track, it does have the same basic fast-forward and rewind feature as other iPods: just hold down Next or Previous to move around in the current song.
When you pause an iPod shuffle, then press Next or Previous, the iPod moves to the new song and starts playing. That's different from other iPods: on those, the iPod stays paused when you press Next or Previous. This is another example of how Apple wisely simplified a feature to accommodate a screen-less design.
When you pause the shuffle, the green light blinks at you. If you leave the shuffle paused, the light stops blinking after a minute, and it's easy to forget that it's still on. The shuffle has clever hardware and software that greatly conserves power if the iPod has been paused for more than a minute or so, but when you're not using your shuffle, you should use the good old-fashioned off switch to be sure it isn't using its battery when you don't want it to.
Once in awhile, iPods get confused and must be brought back to their senses by resetting them. iPod shuffle is no exception to that, but there is a unique way of resetting it: turn it off using the slider switch on the back, wait awhile (at least 5 seconds), then turn it back on again, to either the play-in-order or shuffle mode position.
The iPod shuffle includes a handy shortcut for going back to the beginning of its playlist: just press Play/Pause three times and the shuffle will start playing at the beginning of the first song. (You don't even have to say, "There's no place like home.")
If the iPod is in shuffle mode, it will reorder the playlist before starting over. You can use this trick to quickly get to songs at the end of the playlist, too. Just triple-click to go to the start, then press Previous to wrap around and get to the last song. While other iPods let you choose whether they start over or stop when finishing a playlist, the iPod shuffle always starts over, for the sake of simplicity, which makes this tip work. (It also works on other iPods if you turn on Repeat All in the settings. But other iPods have screens, which makes them somewhat easier to navigate.)
Das Blinkenlights
The iPod shuffle has two subcutaneous LEDs on the front to help you figure out what it's doing in the absence of a display. There's a green light, which is mostly useful when you're listening, and an amber light that's primarily needed when the iPod is connected to your computer. The lights give you reassuring feedback that all is well, or help you figure out when something is wrong. Here are some of the most important iPod shuffle light shows:
- Usually, when you press any button, the green light will shine as long as you hold down the button.
- If you press a button and you see the orange light instead, and nothing else happens, your iPod is locked. Hold down Play/Pause for a few seconds to unlock it.
- If absolutely nothing happens when you press a button, not even a light, you probably need to charge your shuffle's battery.
- If you press a button and see both the green and amber lights blinking, one after another, that usually means there are no songs on the iPod, or some other error has occurred. Try resetting it by turning it off for 5 seconds, then back on. If you still get the psychedelic lights, you'll need to connect to a computer and load some music.
When your iPod shuffle is connected to a computer, you'll see the amber light. A blinking amber light means, "I'm busy. Please don't disconnect me." If you have disk mode turned on, the light will blink whenever the iPod is plugged in. With disk mode off, the light blinks only when it's transferring music. Be sure you click the eject icon next to the iPod name in iTunes before unplugging a blinking iPod. If the amber light isn't blinking, feel free to unplug at will.
There's another set of LEDs on the back of the iPod shuffle. When you're playing tunes and you press the oval button on the back, these tiny lights tell you about your battery level: green for a good charge, amber for low, red for uh-oh, and no light for no charge. When the shuffle is connected, the battery light blinks if the orange light on the front is blinking, as an additional reminder not to disconnect if you happen to be staring at the wrong side of your shuffle.
iTunes 4.7.1
The iPod shuffle comes with iTunes 4.7.1, a new version. (It's interesting that a release of iTunes that supports new hardware and includes new, user-interface features only merits a second-level dot increase in the version number. I guess 4.8 is really going to be awesome!) The main addition in iTunes 4.7.1 is Autofill, a new feature expressly for iPod shuffle.
When you connect an iPod shuffle, it appears in the Source list of iTunes. Getting tracks onto your shuffle takes two steps:
- Put tunes in the shuffle playlist. You can do this by clicking the Autofill button, manually by dragging songs in or deleting songs, or a combination of these methods.
- Copy the songs to the iPod. iTunes does this automatically whenever the shuffle is connected to your computer.
Note a couple of interesting facts about Autofill: you always have to click the Autofill button to get it to do its thing -- it never generates a playlist unless you click. And, using Autofill is not required in order to load up your shuffle. No matter how you build your shuffle playlist, iTunes automatically copies the music to your iPod. It doesn't hate you if you fail to use Autofill.
(There is one time when iTunes fills your shuffle playlist without you clicking Autofill. The very first time you connect a new iPod shuffle to iTunes, you see an iPod Setup Assistant screen that includes a checkbox, "Automatically choose songs for my iPod." If you leave this checked, it's just like clicking Autofill. But after you listen to music, then reconnect your iPod, Autofill isn't triggered unless you click the Autofill button.)
If you decide not to use Autofill, iPod shuffle works a lot like any iPod that's set to manual sync. You can drag tracks or whole playlists from your music library to the iPod, and you can remove tracks by pressing Delete. As soon as you drop the tracks on the iPod, iTunes starts to copy them over. The new feature that iTunes 4.7.1 adds is the ability to create a playlist with Autofill -- not the automatic syncing, which has always been there.
Fill Harmonic
Autofill includes some handy options that let you tweak its behavior. The Autofill from popup lets you choose which playlist you want to use as the source of the Autofill list. It defaults to your music library, but you can restrict it to any playlist you want. If you turn off the Choose songs randomly option, iTunes will simply grab as many songs as it can cram onto the shuffle, starting from the beginning of the chosen playlist.
By default, Autofill empties out the playlist before generating a new one. You can disable that behavior by turning off Replace all songs when Autofilling. With this setting turned off, you can create a manual playlist by dragging in your favorite tracks, then "top it off" by clicking Autofill to add some random tracks automatically to fill up the remaining space.
When you use Autofill, you don't have to settle for what iTunes provides for you. Let's say you click Autofill and get a list that includes "There is a Mountain" by Donovan, and you just can't bear to hear that one again. Just select it and press Delete -- it's gone. You can replace it by dragging another track, or by clicking Autofill to top off the playlist.
Unlike other iPods, you can't move your shuffle from one computer to another and add tracks from each. If you plug your shuffle into another computer, iTunes notes that it's an alien iPod and asks if you want to start using it with this machine instead. If you say yes, the songs on the iPod are erased and you have to start building a playlist from scratch (or from Autofill). If you say no, iTunes refuses to have anything to do with the iPod.
Autofill is a super-simple way to grab songs for you iPod, but maybe you think it's too simple. With a little effort, you can construct a Smart Playlist that's cleverer than the Autofill list. For example, you can use the Time is greater than 1:00 criterion to make sure your playlist doesn't include any random songlet snippets, and you can add a Time is less than 10:00 (or for you Neil Young fans, less than 18:00) if you want to keep out epics. Add any other criteria you like. You can then drag this playlist to your shuffle, or even use it as the source for the Autofill from popup in iTunes.
iPod Preferences
When you connect your shuffle, you'll get access to a few iPod settings in iTunes preferences. Keep this iPod in the source list, also known as shadow mode, is a cool feature that lets you modify the shuffle playlist even when the shuffle isn't connected. You can add, delete, Autofill, and top off to your heart's content, just as if the iPod were there. When you connect it, your spiffy playlist is copied over to the iPod.
your shuffle's playlist even when the iPod isn't there.
If you create a playlist you're particularly fond of, you can save it forever. Just select all the songs, then choose New Playlist From Selection from the File menu.
There's also a preferences setting for Enable disk use, including a slider that lets you indicate how much space you plan to use for files vs. tunes. This slider simply tells iTunes how much space to leave for songs when you Autofill or add songs to your shuffle manually -- it doesn't actually partition or reserve space in the shuffle's flash memory.
A Few More Things
The shuffle is the first iPod that only works when it's formatted as a FAT32 volume. If you're adventurous and you try formatting your shuffle as an HFS disk, you won't be able to use it as a music player again until you use iPod Updater to restore it to iPod-hood.
If you're using disk mode on the shuffle, FAT32 has some unfortunate implications for Mac users. You'll notice that the shuffle insists on yelling its name in ALL UPPERCASE in the Finder. If you change it to include lowercase characters, it will revert to uppercase the next time you connect it. Bummer.
Apple's support for FAT32 has a list of seemingly innocent characters you can't use in file names, such as * and [ . If you try copying a file with any of these characters in its name from an HFS volume to your shuffle, the Finder will complain. (The details are provided here.) Apple doesn't support formatting your shuffle as an HFS volume. At best, you'll get a slightly pricey flash drive that fails to play music.
Related Reading
All About Your iPod Photo
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Unlike its bigger siblings, the iPod shuffle has no real-time clock. You will find that out if you use the Last Played date in smart playlists or AppleScripts. When you play a song on the shuffle, it increments the play count, but doesn't change the last played value.
Apple urges us to "Enjoy uncertainty" with the iPod shuffle, but if you like predictability, you might spend a lot of time with your shuffle switched to Play in order (the middle setting of the slider on the back). You can hand-tweak your play order in iTunes by dragging songs where you want them.
You can also easily rearrange your play order to match any of the column sort orders in iTunes. For example, if you want to listen to your songs in order from shortest to longest play times, click the Time column, then Control-click (or right-click) on the iPod name in the Source list, and choose Copy to Play Order. The shuffle's play order will change to match the way they're listed in iTunes, and that's the way you'll hear them if you switch the shuffle to Play in order.
For you audio-book fans (we know who you are by your massive iTunes Music Store bills), here are a couple of notes about how the iPod shuffle handles audio books. If your iPod is in shuffle mode, it won't play parts from audio books, because most people reportedly don't like to hear book chapters in random order. For the same reason, Autofill will never choose audio book tracks for its playlists.
Shuffling Off
With the shuffle, Apple has innovated the iPod line in a new direction: instead of more features, the shuffle has fewer, along with less complexity and a much lower price. Even with all that simplicity, there are still a few tweaks left for us to talk about. The shuffle is the easiest iPod yet, but there are plenty of ways to make iPods even easier in the future. For example, imagine fully automatic Autofill that loads up your iPod with new music without having to click a button or even launch iTunes, or a fast wireless connection that transfers songs before you even plug your iPod in. You think they would sell any of those?
Scott Knaster is a technical writer on the Mac team at Google.
Return to MacDevCenter.com.
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By Chris Lee
Beleaguered smartphone brand BlackBerry has seen its former dominance diminish in recent years to its current position of just four per cent of the smartphone market. A failure to keep up with arch rivals Apple, Samsung and HTC as well some high-profile PR disasters have attributed to its demise, but the company has launched its BlackBerry 10 OS and Z10 and Q10 handsets which it hopes will project the company back into the fore. But is it too late to save the brand?
BlackBerry's CEO Thorsten Heins promised "an entirely new mobile experience" at the 30 January launch of BlackBerry 10. The onus is on multitasking, productivity and connectivity, with BlackBerry offering users a choice of all-touch screen in the Z10 or a combination of touch and physical keyboard in the Q10.
Increased choice, increased competition
According to Jason Yeomans, managing director of mobile managed services provider PMGC Technology Group, the new BlackBerrys will inject more consumer choice into a competitive marketplace. For business use, however, some questions remain.
"What hasn't been explained is how existing customers migrate their BES (BlackBerry Enterprise Server) from current to BlackBerry 10 or if they can run a hybrid of some new/some old OS devices," he told NMK. "It's also unrealistic for handset manufacturers to continue to think they can create new, more advanced devices that cost the same as a PC or laptop and then expect the mobile networks, or the providers to fund these gratis. These devices are more powerful than many PCs still in operation and careful planning has to be given to how organisations will fund the purchase of these. Personally I think it's time for smartphones to be accepted as IT hardware and funded accordingly."
Most consumers "won't consider" buying BlackBerry
A survey from VoucherCodes.co.uk in response to the launch revealed that BlackBerry may have too much ground to make up with more than three-quarters (77 per cent) of smartphone users stating that they would not consider buying a BlackBerry.
Nearly half (42 per cent) claimed they didn't believe BlackBerry made user-friendly phones, almost a third (31 per cent) said they did not consider them to be good value for money and more than a quarter (26 per cent) simply felt BlackBerry was no longer a desirable brand.
Duncan Jennings, co-founder of VoucherCodes.co.uk, said: "Today's consumers have so much more choice when it comes to buying smartphones compared to when the first BlackBerry launched back in 2003. Unfortunately for RIM, our research shows their customers are hanging up their BlackBerrys in favour of better value handsets and phones designed for social networking."
Technology writer and journalist Gordon Kelly agrees. He believes the horse may already have bolted for BlackBerry.
"BlackBerry 10 is a hard sell. Like Symbian before it once a platform is deemed to be on the wane it is almost impossible to get customers back," he warned. "In pure product terms BB10 is commendable, but today's multi-billion dollar smartphone industry is ruled by giants with far deeper pockets than BlackBerry. I think the only way it might gain traction is to license the platform to sizeable third party handset makers like Samsung, ZTE and HTC who may wish to reduce their dependency on Android and harvest some of BlackBerry's remaining infrastructure in business. But it's a long shot."

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Bortolotti, Flavia*; Guido, Maria†
*Clinica Medica 5, University of Padua, Italy
†Pathology Department, Azienda Ospedale-University of Padua, Padova, Italy
Received 6 November, 2006
Accepted 13 December, 2006
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Dr. Flavia Bortolotti, Clinica Medica 5, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padova, Italy (e-mail: email@example.com).
Cirrhosis is the final stage of chronic liver damage of various etiologies. It used to be considered an irreversible lesion, but enormous advances in our understanding of hepatic cellular and molecular biology in the past 2 decades have challenged this view. There is now substantial evidence that cirrhosis can be a reversible process. This concept is supported by an increasing number of clinical reports showing the disappearance of cirrhotic lesions from liver biopsies taken from patients cured of their liver disease. The reversal of cirrhosis usually occurs in patients with short-lived liver disease, after the successful treatment of the underlying liver damage. Recently, however, we observed the spontaneous reversal of cirrhosis after the loss of hepatitis B viremia in 2 men, 21 and 28 years old, who had developed cirrhosis as young children. Several questions and controversial issues concerning the definition of advanced cirrhosis, the limitations of liver biopsy (eg, sampling, interpretation error), and the applicability of noninvasive methods to the assessment of fibrosis, are being addressed. Future prospects include the possibility of antifibrotic therapy to prevent fibrosis or favor its degradation.
Cirrhosis is a pathological condition involving the presence, throughout the liver, of fibrous septa dividing the parenchyma into nodules (1). It represents the final stage of chronic liver damage of various causes, which may be viral, alcoholic, toxic, autoimmune, metabolic, or ischemic. Its life-threatening complications include refractory ascites, variceal bleeding, encephalopathy, hyponatremia, and renal dysfunction, and it represents a major health problem worldwide (2,3).
Until recently, cirrhosis was considered an irreversible lesion (4), but in the past decade, both clinical reports and advances in basic science have challenged this concept (4–11). Reversal of cirrhosis has been described in a wide range of liver diseases (12–22), and the results of earlier studies, mainly concerning small series of patients, are now supported by findings emerging from large-scale trials in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon (IFN) and ribavirin (21–23). These biopsy-based studies have demonstrated the reversibility of cirrhosis after the clearance of viremia in successfully treated patients, emphasizing that the elimination of the underlying chronic injury is fundamental to the reversal of cirrhosis.
Key cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver fibrogenesis that lead to cirrhosis have been extensively investigated, focusing especially on the central role of the hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in the production and degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) (24). There is now a substantial body of evidence to show that liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are active, dynamic processes that reflect the imbalance between the deposition and degradation of connective tissue, and that ECM deposition is far more reversible than was previously believed (25,26).
This review focuses on the reversal of cirrhosis as a clinical and histological event that has now been described in a variety of liver disorders and on rational scientific grounds.
Three major mechanisms are central to the onset of cirrhosis: cell death, ECM deposition, and vascular modifications (27–29). The fibrotic process is characterized by both quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of the hepatic ECM with excessive deposition (of collagen, in particular) in the portal tracts and the replacement of low-density type IV collagen with high-density types I and III collagen in the space of Disse, causing sinusoidal capillarization. The morphogenesis of cirrhosis is related to the underlying disease and reflects the topographic distribution of the liver damage and the contribution of different cells involved in the fibrogenic process (30). In biliary diseases fibrosis deposition involves the portal tracts and then progresses to the formation of portal-portal septa. In chronic viral hepatitis different mechanisms contribute to disrupting the cellular architecture (ie, longstanding interface hepatitis, responsible for the development of portal-portal septa, and more extensive necroinflammatory lesions, such as portal-central bridging necrosis, leading to the onset of portal-central vein fibrous septa). Central-central septa are usually associated with outflow disorders. In both alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis surrounding groups of hepatocytes—the so-called chicken-wire pattern—in the area around the central veins is a key step in the development of cirrhosis (31).
Regardless of the cause, sinusoidal capillarization is an early event with remarkable effects on the metabolic exchanges between hepatocytes and blood circulation. Further impairment in liver function stems from the formation of novel intrahepatic vessels, via porto-portal and porto-central collaterals, that shunt the blood away from the hepatocytes.
Fully developed cirrhosis has diverse morphological features, with more or less numerous, slender or broad septa and parenchymal nodules of varying sizes and shapes. It has been suggested that the severity of cirrhosis be classified according to the characteristics of the septa (32). More recently, a combination of nodule size and septal thickness has been proposed for staging the severity of portal hypertension. Basing the severity of cirrhosis on histological criteria (33) may help us to predict its potential for reversal.
The anatomic classification distinguishes between micronodular cirrhosis, typically associated with alcohol abuse and characterized by small uniform nodules a few millimeters in size; macronodular, or posthepatitis, cirrhosis, with large bulging nodules of varying sizes; and mixed cirrhosis, typical of primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Most cases of advanced cirrhosis acquire a mixed pattern, however, because of the ongoing regenerative and fibrogenic process. Incomplete septal cirrhosis, characterized by slender fibrous septa that do not connect portal tracts to portal tracts and/or central veins, is regarded as a histological feature of regression of cirrhosis (34). The practical value of the above classification is to remind pathologists that it may be difficult to recognize macronodular and incomplete septal cirrhosis in liver biopsy specimens (35).
The HSC have been considered the key cellular source of collagen (36–38). In the normal liver, HSC reside in a quiescent status in the space of Disse, between hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells, and they store vitamin A and other retinoids. In response to liver injury and the related production of cytokines, HSC undergo a phenotypic transformation into proliferative, fibrogenic, and contractile myofibroblasts (cells not found in the normal liver). The proliferation of myofibroblasts, stimulated especially by platelet-derived growth factor-β, amplifies the number of fibrogenic cells. The direct fibrogenic activity of the myofibroblasts, stimulated particularly by transforming growth factor-β-1, gives rise to a dramatic increase in the synthesis and deposition of ECM. Myofibroblast contractility, primarily in response to endothelin-1, leads to increased portal resistance by constricting individual sinusoids and contracting the liver as a whole. In addition, HSC produce tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs), which inhibits collagen-degrading matrix metalloproteinases and tips the balance between ECM synthesis and degradation in favor of ECM synthesis and fibrogenesis.
Hepatic cell types other than HSC may also have fibrogenic potential (39–41). In an experimental model of bile duct ligation, fibroblasts normally residing around vessels and bile ducts may acquire a myofibroblastic phenotype and start depositing collagen in the portal zones. Together with vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts around centrilobular veins or in the liver capsule may also change into myofibroblasts, thus contributing to fibrogenesis. More recent studies in humans have suggested that mesenchymal cells in the portal tract have a significant role in the development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
Hepatic fibrosis pathways are largely similar, regardless of the cause of the liver injury, but some disease-specific fibrogenic mechanisms are under investigation, including the direct stimulation of HSC by viral infection in hepatitis C, high leptin levels, and increased leptin signaling by HSC in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
The rate of progression of fibrosis can vary considerably. Progression tends to be rapid in some cases, as in infants with congenital hepatic fibrosis, patients coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV, and patients with recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation. Risk factors such as alcohol consumption, a high body mass index, or immunosuppressive therapy may also accelerate progression (42). Genetic factors are likely to influence the deposition and elimination of fibrosis, but the complex mechanisms of fibrogenesis, involving a large number of cytokines, make the study of gene polymorphisms rather difficult.
Experimental models in rats and transgenic mice and cell culture studies have enhanced our knowledge of the critical events and processes in fibrosis and cirrhosis reversal. In the normal liver the ECM accumulation produced by HSC and other fibrogenic cells is balanced by a proportional increase in its degradation. Our knowledge of the cell types and of enzymes that degrade collagen in the liver is still limited. Matrix metalloproteinases are zinc-dependent enzymes expressed mainly by HSC and Kupffer cells; they are capable of degrading different matrix components (43). In the damaged liver increased mitochondrial processing peptidase activity is the major mechanism behind the regression of fibrosis. This activity is regulated by TIMPs. Recent data support the hypothesis that TIMPs play a predominant part in regulating fibrosis by protecting fibrotic ECM against degradation by collagenase (43,44). In rodents the reversal of fibrosis is accompanied by an increase in the apoptosis of activated HSC, which simultaneously reduces ECM and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases. Apoptotic mechanisms, however, would be different between rodent and human cells, and fully activated human HSC proved resistant to proapoptotic stimuli (45,46). Clearly, at some point (probably coinciding with the onset of the clinical symptoms of cirrhosis), fibrosis becomes irreversible. Animal models suggest that this event coincides with a significant collagen cross-linking by tissue transglutaminase, leading to the production of an insoluble matrix (47).
Regression of fibrosis and cirrhosis in humans is not a novel concept. Anecdotal reports published more than 30 years ago recorded an improvement in patients with cirrhosis treated for hemochromatosis and Wilson disease (48,49). More recently, regression of fibrosis and cirrhosis (Table 1) has been documented in the entire spectrum of chronic liver diseases (11–21) (ie, in autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis after effective immunosuppressive therapy, in biliary obstruction after surgical decompression, in thalassemia after iron depletion, in hepatitis B after lamivudine therapy, and in hepatitis D during long-term follow-up after IFN treatment). Larger studies have been conducted in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis. Poynard et al (21) examined liver biopsy specimens taken before and after therapy from 153 patients with HCV-related cirrhosis treated with different pegylated IFN and ribavirin regimens. Using the METAVIR scoring system, they found that the extent of liver fibrosis had improved in 75 (49%) patients: from stage 4 to stage 3 in 23 patients, to stage 2 in 26 patients, to stage 1 in 23 patients, and to a virtually normal histological appearance in 3 patients. No such improvements were recorded in the control group of patients treated with IFN monotherapy. Reversal of cirrhosis was more common among younger patients.
In the above-mentioned studies the favorable outcome of liver disease always followed some kind of treatment, whereas we have recently reported on the spontaneous reversal of cirrhosis in 2 young patients in a cohort of 99 Italian children with chronic hepatitis B (50,51). In these 2 patients biopsy-proven micronodular cirrhosis had developed by the time they were 2 and 8 years old, respectively. The source of infection was vertical in 1 case and unknown in the other. They had a short-lived hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) antigen-positive phase with active cytolysis but without any clinical or biochemical features of liver failure. After e antibody 10 HBeAg seroconversion, they became hepatitis B virus DNA negative by conventional hybridization techniques, and 1 eventually cleared HBsAg. Further liver biopsies performed during their childhood confirmed the histological diagnosis, but liver biopsy specimens obtained at the ages of 21 and 28 years, respectively, showed only mild periportal fibrosis. Liver histology was reviewed by the same expert pathologist on adequate bioptic samples. The results of biochemical tests and ultrasound were consistent with a normal liver. In these patients initial active liver damage may have caused the early evolution to cirrhosis, whereas a subsequent spontaneous cessation of virus replication, before the onset of clinical complications, probably enabled the reversal of cirrhosis.
Despite the mounting clinical evidence, the potential for the reversal of cirrhosis remains a debated issue, the methods used in the clinical studies are still criticized, and even the terminology is a matter of controversy. In their recent review (11), Friedman and Bansal proposed standardizing the use of the terms "reversal" and "regression" in this context: "reversal" would preferably indicate the complete restoration of normal liver architecture after recovery from liver damage, whereas "regression" would simply indicate a reduction in the amount of fibrosis, irrespective of its initial extent.
Sampling error, defined as the deviation of a sample from the tissue from which it was taken, is an issue in the diagnosis of cirrhosis, in particular of the macronodular and incomplete septal types. A needle biopsy covers a small portion of the whole liver, representing approximately 1/50,000 of the organ. The available data consistently indicate the risk of underestimating fibrosis on the basis of semiquantitative assessments on excessively small samples (52–55). The sampling error issue has been reviewed in detail elsewhere (52). The strategy for reducing the risk of sampling error is to obtain "adequate" samples, which should contain no less than 11 complete portal tracts for the staging of chronic hepatitis (56). Caution is consequently needed when a reversal (or regression) of fibrosis/cirrhosis is diagnosed on substandard biopsy samples. It is also important to emphasize that a histological diagnosis of cirrhosis relies both on the extent of fibrosis and on the detection of architectural derangement. In the hands of an expert pathologist, various subtle histological changes reflecting architectural disruption may point to a confident diagnosis of cirrhosis even in small samples and/or in the macronodular type.
At least 3 scoring methods are commonly used in the staging of liver fibrosis. They are based on the collagen staining of biopsy samples and take into account the typical progression of fibrosis from periportal to septal, and ultimately to nodule formation. In the Knodell and METAVIR scores (57,58) fibrosis is staged as 0 to 4, where 4 indicates cirrhosis. The Ishak (59) system scores fibrosis on a scale from 0 to 6, where 5 means incomplete or early cirrhosis and 6 means established cirrhosis. Recent studies have found good intra- and interobserver reproducibility for the staging of fibrosis regardless of the scoring system used (54). All of these systems are semiquantitative and nonlinear, however, and have been designed to stage the deposition of fibrosis rather than its regression, which is likely to be a dynamic process taking months or years to complete, so a biopsy taken shortly after treatment of the liver disease may fail to show any significant improvement. By contrast, the invasiveness of liver biopsy makes a close histological monitoring of fibrosis unfeasible, especially in pediatric patients, hence, the investigations into noninvasive methods for assessing liver fibrosis. Several putative serological markers of fibrosis have been studied in adults, and encouraging results have been obtained by combining different markers. Several recent reviews are available, and many studies in progress are attempting to validate such noninvasive methods for clinical practice (60).
Some messages seem to emerge unequivocally from the literature:
1. Reversal of cirrhosis is more likely to occur in patients with a relatively short-lived history of disease and well-preserved liver function.
2. An improvement in, or the disappearance of, the underlying chronic liver injury is a necessary condition for the reversal of cirrhosis.
3. Reversion of cirrhosis usually follows specific treatment but may also be a spontaneous event.
4. Reversal is probably a slow process, which starts soon after the liver injury has been overcome and may take several years; a short-lived liver disease and stronger regenerative activity could accelerate the reversal of cirrhosis in some pediatric subgroups.
Several aspects of the reversal of cirrhosis deserve further discussion and clarification, particularly concerning the definition of irreversible cirrhosis based on clinical signs and symptoms, and the concept of histological severity of cirrhosis. The identification of reliable noninvasive markers for assessing liver fibrosis is highly desirable to overcome the drawbacks of liver biopsy, especially in children.
Removing the cause of liver damage remains the best treatment for cirrhosis (61,62), but it is anticipated that pinpointing efficient targets for antifibrotic therapy, identified amidst the cascade of events leading to the progression of fibrosis, will definitely change the prognosis of chronic liver disease in the future.
Cirrhosis, reversible; Hepatitis; Fibrogenesis; Fibrolysis
© 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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STARmeterSEE RANK
Down 403 this week
J.C. Brandy
Actress | Soundtrack | Writer
J.C. Brandy was born on November 15, 1975 in Chelsea, London, England as Justine Chelsea Brandy. She is an actress, known for Halloween: The Curse of Michael Myers (1995), God's Helper (2001) and Devil in the Flesh (1998). She has been married to Nathaniel Kunkel since July 7, 2005. They have one child. See full bio »
Born:in Chelsea, London, England, UK
More at IMDbPro » Contact Info: View agent


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The Case of the Law School Murders Part 5
by Greg Rawlings
ne thing I've learned after all these lurid years in blue is when the facts are screwy and the law is worse, turn to Sinatra—the only philosopher a drinking man with a gun ever really needs to consult. And Frank's invariable advice is: Drink more. Late at night in a dive bar. "Set 'em up, Joe," indeed.
So, it being too early to hit a real bar, I hit the Campus Lounge. Saw the usual shiftless bookie, the slumming seven-figure shyster with his silk tie undone, some coeds drinking on a Senior Ten, 20-something guys with red DU hats on cockeyed. It was happy hour, of course, the one appointment Victim No. 1, Jeremy Collins, never missed.
I ordered a Coors to keep it real and stared up at the tube. Make that tubes. Many a television. All blaring ESPN. God do I hate ex-jocks, even worse than criminals. The TV ex-jocks are the worst: loud, vulgarly dressed, and invariably dumb as a box of rocks. I'd forgotten how sad this joint was: a dive bar in Bonnie Brae. It's a contradiction in terms. It's the simulacra of a dive bar. I lasted 12 ounces and hit the dusty road.
Real men drink at Don's.
I cruised down to LoDo, the epitome of all that has gone to hell in this cow town. And Larimer Square, epicenter of the ersatz. Posers kill me, and I spent too much time chasing down the thugs who plaster the club kids' faces across the pavement. But, the coroner had noticed an odd presence of mint around the bloody lips of Victim No. 2, Michael Berens, so I headed to where the hootsy-tootsy crowd drinks their mojitos.
First stop, La Bamba, where I double-parked my squad car, shot the guy at the valet stand a dirty look and strutted up to the entranceway. Oh boy, major change from the 'Pus. Statuesque women in black on black, men who obviously didn't get their hair cut at Great Clips, and the telltale stink of crushed mint. No real man has ever suffered through the indignity of a mojito. But Nancy Dixon did. And so did Chief Judy. I brushed past the comely hostess and hid behind a tall fern that had somehow survived from the 1970s. Even through the vile haze of mint, I smelled the chief's perfume.
I thought of Victim No. 3, Michelle Zarinsky, dead just a block away, her pretty throat sliced through like a stick of butter left on the dining room table an hour too long. Then, I saw a young man cut through the crowd near the bar, returning from the little boy's room. Ah, Mr. 11 percent himself, Brian Harper. How tidy. He slid onto a stool between Nancy and the chief. I recalled that both the women were daughters of judges. I thought of Victims No. 4 and No. 5, Anne Warbly and Luke Maybis. They were just icing on the cake, posing as red herrings.
Back at Don's, much later, a scream came across my police scanner. Dr. Jamf, the coroner, had just announced that all the 3Ls had something in common, beyond their backgrounds, their interests, and well, being dead. All the corpses contained trace amounts of Imipolex-G, an antidote to anthrax, developed jointly by the CDC and the CIA in the late-1990s. It had a peculiar quality to it—if you had been dosed with anthrax, it saved you; if you hadn't, it killed you. Our local PD had been supplied a small supply just before the Democratic National Convention in 2008. That small supply had eventually disappeared. A desk sergeant in property lost his job for that, and now a bunch of smart, angry kids had lost their lives.
Fighting the system is seldom easy and never free. I asked the barkeep to turn up the jukebox and I ordered another Jack Daniels—Frank's drink. I sat back and pondered the evil that men do, and women for that matter. "Set 'em up, Joe."
I'll be getting a blood test first thing in the morning. You can't be too careful in my line of work. D


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Director: Jim Hamilton, 814-452-4098
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
External web site: www.eriektc.org
Welcome to Karma Thegsum Choling (KTC) Erie! After several years of activate involvement as a study group, the KTC Erie has been established in December 2007.
Meeting location:
Plasha Yoga Studio
10 East 5th St.
Erie PA
side entrance, second floor.
We invite you to join us.
8:30 a.m. Chenrezik practice.
9:30 a.m.-10:00 a.m. Sitting meditation
10:00 a.m. -11:00 a.m. Buddhist book study and discussion or short class and tonglen (sending and receiving meditation)
All are welcome. Sitting meditation instruction is available Please call ahead to arrange for this instruction.
Copyright ©2008, Karma
Triyana Dharmachakra. All rights reserved.


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Possible Dreams Santas By The Sea
Possible Dreams Home Page
Possible Dreams Santas By The Sea
Santa is never crabby when hes at the beach basking in the sun. He enjoys this seas-on with a tropical drink in his hand and his toes in the sand. Im shore theres room for one more come join him.
Possible Dreams Santas are handcrafted collectibles with meticulous detailing. The Clothtique fabrics bring a unique realism to each design
The seaside life is where you can find Mr. & Mrs. Claus on December 26th.
Catch a wave with them and soak up some sun!
Windy Wonderland
Item Sku: 4026986
Windy Wonderland
Forget the sleigh. When it comes to delivering Christmas presents on the beach Santa prefers to use his sailboard. Introduced 2014.


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Welcome to Mediterranean Bali one of the most trusted and respected Hospitality & Cruise Line training institutions in the Indonesian Archipelago. Located in Bali and managed and operated by a team with over 35 years of hospitality and cruise ship service experience, Mediterranean Bali employs qualified teaching staff and academic practitioners along with a dynamic professional administration team to ensure past, present and future students are well supported to achieve success at a young age.
Mediterranean Bali is also supported by and collaborates with CTI Group Worldwide Services Inc. CTI Group is a world renowned reputable recruitment agent committed to finding the highest quality candidates for Cruise Line operators. Thanks to the dedicated CTI team in Bali and their collaboration with Mediterranean Bali the school's alumni are the first choice in the recruitment process for Carnival Cruise Line, Royal Caribbean, Norwegian Cruise Line, Costa Cruise Line, Celebrity and Windstar Cruises. Thus Mediterranean Bali students are given access to the best employment opportunities after their studies are completed.
With 3 campuses situated in Denpasar, Bangli (central Bali) and Karangasem (east Bali) and a fourth campus due to open early 2014 in Singaraja (north Bali) Mediterranean Bali has continuously expanded its operations since 2008. Each campus is designed to reflect the operations of the hospitality and cruise industry with full function practice kitchens, mock-up hotel rooms, restaurants and bar and modern classrooms.


text: One of the voter guides of this election cycle comes from the Catholic Hispanic Leadership Alliance. It's voter guide focuses on applying Catholic social teaching to the issues that lift up — or destroy — human life and dignity. The Alliance is unambiguous about the priority of protecting the most innocent human life (see Archbishop [Read More…]


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Great brands stand for something. They project a strong personality.
What personality do you aspire to put forth for your brand?
Can you easily answer that question? If not, Industribrand CEO and 40-year marketing and advertising veteran Bob Lamons has a way for you to begin crafting your answer.
Before I get to his counsel though, bear with me and read through the following excerpt from the script of the 2001 comedy film Legally Blonde. In this flick, Reese Witherspoon is Elle Woods, a blonde sorority queen who's out to prove she belongs at Harvard Law School.
Elle sits at the outdoor table, ignoring her slice of pizza, as she looks around for Warner. Not finding him, she turns her attention to the Group Leader, a BURNED OUT 2L (second-year law student) in a red t-shirt.
BURNED OUT 2L: "Okay. Welcome to law school. This is the part where we go around in a circle and everyone says a little bit about themselves. Let's start with you."
He gestures at a guy with glasses, DORKY DAVID.
DORKY DAVID: "I have a Masters in Russian Literature, a PhD in Biochemistry, and for the last eighteen months, I've been de-worming orphans in Somalia."
BURNED OUT 2L: "Awesome. How about you, Enid?"
ENID, a militant feminista, looks up.
ENID: "PhD from Berkeley in Women's Studies—emphasis in the History of Combat. And last year, I led the march for Lesbians against Drunk Driving."
BURNED OUT 2L: "Killer."
He looks at an intense guy in his late twenties, IVAN.
INTENSE IVAN: "I've got an MBA from Wharton, worked on Wall Street for four years, mushed in three ididarods and I've figured out how to crash the stock market in Sri Lanka if any of you want to get together later."
BURNED OUT 2L: "Sweet. What about you?"
He looks at Elle. She sits up straight.
ELLE: "Hi! I'm Elle Woods and this is Bruiser Woods and we're both gemini vegetarian. I have a Bachelors degree from USC, where I was Sigma Chi Sweetheart and president of Delta Gamma, and last year—I was Homecoming Queen."
ELLE: "Oh! (dramatically) Two weeks ago, I saw Cameron Diaz at Fred Segal – and talked her out of buying a truly heinous angora sweater! Whoever said that orange is the new pink is seriously disturbed."
She looks around, pleased. Enid snickers as the rest of the group stares at Elle, dumbfounded.
So, how is all of this relevant to our discussion? Can we cull any lessons on brand personality from the scene above?
You bet we can.
What do we see happening? Each student introduces himself or herself. We get a sense of what they stand for. We get a sense of what they're all about. We get a sense of their personality, of what matters to them.
That's exactly what great brands do—they project personality.
Lamons says to get into the mindset of crafting our desired brand image we should think about how we would introduce our brand as a good friend to someone else.
And when you introduce a good friend or yourself, he says, you don't dump everything out on the table. Instead, you narrow it down and focus on the key information, the most important traits.
It's the same in branding, isn't it? You can't stand for everything, and nor would you ever want to. But you want to stand for something specific, something memorable. You want to stand for what matters most. And by doing so, you distinguish yourself and carve out a position that's uniquely yours.
And if you're Elle Woods, then you're not scared to be you. You don't pretend to be someone you aren't. You stand for who you really are, no matter how badly you may want to present yourself differently to fit in and connect.
If you must be anything, be authentic to who you really are.
Personifying a brand, of course, to flesh out its character isn't anything new.
What are some other ways to think about and define a brand's personality?


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Hi, it's me, Pixelart, again and doing serious hairpulling on the mobile site issues. Got the "click to call" button figured out; but now on the "device detection" code, or what is also referred to as the "redirect code", that's compatible with Xara,
Have tried a couple of versions of Javascript inside the <head> </head> tag of the index.htm file of the classic site(as directed by some coding site references), but have tried 3 different flavors and it does not seem to be working.
Does it maybe need to go in the ping.js or roe.js file of the classic site generated by Xara, since it is javascript? Has anyone else started doing mobile sites and have hints on this? Have a developer friend trying to help me figure this out, but we're both stumped; his suggestion that the Xara files are saved as PHP files, then use PHP code. This isn't optimum for me. Any thoughts??
Thanks x1,000 if you can help!!


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Job seekers flock to Falls career fair
By Mark Leitner • Mar 29, 2012
The national numbers portray an improving employment picture, but the count of hundreds at a Wednesday job fair in Niagara Falls shows a gloomier, more desperate reality.
WBFO and AM970's Mark Leitner visited the fair and spoke with many of the attendees.
The day, perhaps, offered a microcosm of the nation's changing economy.


text:
March 2011
2010 Dodgers Opening Day Fiesta video
Last year before we got into Dodger Stadium, we went around Echo Park seeing all the festivities around the park. We did not cover the whole area but you can see by the video we took of all the celebration taking place outside of Dodger Stadium.
Happy Opening Day everyone! The Dodgers Opening Day is Thursday at 5.P.M.
Follow the Dodgers from LA to AZ to NV
Our last trip to Arizona included a trip to Las Vegas to see the Dodgers play against the Cubbies. Our first stop was Camelback Ranch to watch the Boys in Blue practice. We saw Loney so we sang to him:
Afterwards we headed to Surprise Stadium
If you can see the score, the Dodgers are losing in the 4th inning 3 to 9. Things were going to get worst than that.
I forget in what inning, but Wilson Betemit (Ex Dodger) came to bat and I got hit with a foul ball. It did not feel as bad as when I got hit a few years back at Dodger Stadium by a Heep Seop Choi foul ball
Next time this is going to be me catching a foul ball like this!
Meanwhile the score now at the top of the 8th Kansas City Royals 19, Dodgers 7.
On the road now to Las Vegas to follow our Dodgers! But first a little detour to Sedona, AZ
We stopped quite a few times to take pictures.
We got to Vegas like 11:30 at night and the following day we scrambled to get tickets as the game was sold out. After checking a few websites, we were able to get two tickets together and a single one. That meant we had to go to two different places to pick them up. The first stop was drive to Sams Town area, the next stop was to drive to the strip by .the Mandalay Bay to pick up the two tickets. Ok, now on our way to Cashman Stadium.
The game was a close one but lots of running blunders by the Dodgers. We got into a little heckling with Cubbie fans. One sitting next to us was asking us "why don't you root for the Angels?" Which we told him "Why don't you root for the White Sox?" It was all in good fun.
Vin Scully made the trip to Las Vegas as he was broadcasting his first Spring Training game.
Prior to the game, from the lower section, I yelled "VIN SCULLY! WE LOVE YOU!" I did it three times until the lady sitting next to him saw me and heard me so she told Vin. Vin got up, saluted me from above then he saw my t-shirt and gave me the A OK sign! The lady asked me to turn around so Vin could see the back. Vin again gave the OK sign! It was a great moment!
Dodgers lost to the Cubs by one run. Wtih that, we headed back to LA.
Next stop: Dodger Stadium for the Freeway Series then on to Opening Day March 31st.
Spring Training 2011: Goodyear Ballpark and Getaway Day
This is from our getaway day on Tuesday March 1st. The Dodgers were playing the Cleveland Indians at Goodyear Ballpark.
We checked out from our Presidential suite which we loved! and headed to Camelback Ranch to watch our boys in Blue practice.
Andre having a snack. Manny Mota's bicycle in the background.
We could hear Davey Lopes chewing the guys for some of their running blunders.
Trayvon Robinson. I remember when I went to to an Inland Empire game at San Bernardino, he made a great catch.
Andre Ethier posing with us. He was so nice that he waited for Lorena to join us in the picture.
On to Goodyear Ballpark.
Caption: "Something stinks here"
I love this banner at Goodyear Ballpark remembering Bob Feller.
They were selling Bob Feller baseball cards with proceeds going to the Bob Feller Museum so I bought this one:
And Randy of http://heirloom.mlblogs.com/ send this signed photo of Bob Feller! Thank you Randy!
I Love Andre (We Love Him)
My friend Erik is hosting my blog again! I love the post! I love Andre!
Take it away Erik!
I was watching a rerun of Inning 5 of Ken Burns' great documentary, Baseball, and I started wondering where the days went when baseball players would have song written about them? Think about it, that's not done anymore.
Those are some great songs about some great players. Some include Less Brown's song "Joltin' Joe", and perhaps the best of all, "Did You See Jackie Robinson Hit That Ball " by Buddy Johnson and Count Basie. It reminded me that I wrote (or modified) a song about my favorite player, Andre Ethier. It was penned during the fervor surrounding his home run-hitting prowess early last season. Yeah, I know, he didn't keep it up, but, G-d willing, I have faith that he'll get things back on track this season. At which point we'll all be signing the song I offer. Well, maybe not you, but I'll be belting it out, and I bet Crzblue will be right there with me. Here it is, sing along, you'll recognize the tune.
I Love Andre (We Love Him)
Runnin' down the 3rd base line
Big nasty homer out the right field side
Maggie Ethier looking hot in the Lodge
She is full of pride
Mow down the pitcher, put da Blue on top.
Crank up Vin Scully, baby
Don't let the hitting stop
We're gonna cheer him 'til we just can't cheer him no more
From the Top Deck to the Pavilion
From the Stadium Club to the Dugout Club,
Everybody's very happy
'Cause the man is hitting all the time
Looks like another homer's on the way
I love Andre (We love him)
I love Andre (We love him)
Look at that homer
Look at those doubles
Look at that catch out there, man
He's down on his knees.
Look at those walk-offs
There ain't nothin' like 'em nowhere.
St. Mary's High School (We love him)
Chandler-Gilbert College (We love him)
Arizona State University (We love him)
Dodgertown (We love him, we love him)
We love him!
We love him!
We love Andre!
By Erik C.D. Belmal,
Adapted from Randy Newman. "I Love L.A. (We Love it)." 1983.
So, there! Trust me, I know it doesn't come close to the genius of the other songs I mentioned, but I hope you recognize the same spirit…the spirit of devotion to a player, and a game.
Thanks again for the opportunity to post Crzblue.
Thank you Erik!
Spring Training Camelback Ranch, part two
Let's start the pictures with El Guapo de Andre Ethier.
Margie getting her baseball autograph by Tommy Lasorda
Chad Billinsgley!
Kenley Jansen
Dylan Hernandez of the LA Times.
The X man, Xavier Paul
Lorena and Tommy Lasorda
Tommy Lasorda greeting the umpires. He then went inside the dugout, spend a few innings there then went slowly up the stairs. Next thing I knew he was upstairs in the booth being interviewed
Matt Kemp, DeJesus next to him while Trayvon Robinson is at bat
Kershaw pitching while Juan Pierre is on third base
Welcome back home Davey Lopes!
Jerry Sands
Jerry Sands
Dusty Baker Bobblehead equiped with toothpick holder at GABP
Visting the blog Better Off Red MLB Blog I saw the Reds will have a Dusty Baker bobblehead complete with toothpick holder!
I wish I could get this. When I started following Dodger baseball, Dusty was playing LF.
The game is against the Indians on 7/2.
Here is other promotion WHEN the Dodgers are at GABP:
Fireworks Friday #3 presented by Jeff Wyler Automotive Family: Friday, June 3 vs. Dodgers, 7:10 (Post-game fireworks show with soundtrack starting approximately 15 minutes after the end of the game.)
Military Style Cap presented by FOX Sports Ohio: Saturday, June 4 vs. Dodgers, 4:10 (Free to the first 20,000 fans.)
Gapper Pillowcase presented by Meijer: Sunday, June 5 vs. Dodgers, 1:10 (Free to the first 10,000 kids 14 and younger.)
Other nice giveaways:
Sparky Anderson Bronze Statue presented by John Morrell: Saturday, May 14 vs. Cardinals, 4:10 (Free to the first 20,000 fans.)
Johnny Bench Night: Saturday, Sept. 17 vs. Brewers, 7:10 (Ceremonies honoring the legendary Reds catcher will include the unveiling of a bronze statue outside the Reds Hall of Fame.)
And a Girls Night Out
Girls Night Out presented by Dove Chocolate: Friday, July 22 vs. Braves, 7:10 (Activities in the Fan Zone and a special ladies giveaway.)
WOOHOO! I got an email that my Dodger season tickets have been shipped!
Spring Training 2011 Camelback Ranch Pictures. Part One.
On Sunday February 27th, Camelback was opened around 10:30 A.M. Usually they open at 9 AM.
When we went in the boys were exercising
I ran into Jose Mota of the Angels talking to his dad Manny Mota of the Dodgers. Jose was on the outside of the fence.
Camelback Ranch Scoreboard advertising the Dodgers against the Angels
Emma, Margie, Lorena & Roberto of VinScullyismyhomeboy prior to the game
I spotted Mike Scioscia signing autographs so I headed to the visitor's dugout. He signed my Union 76 giveaway pictures from back in his playing days.
Jason: It was great that you got to serve as the bat boy!
Andre Ethier!
As bat boy Jason was getting back to the dugout after giving the umpire some baseballs we yelled "LET'S HEAR IT FOR THE BAT BOY!" Jason turned around and waived. Some fans behind the Dodger dugout turned to see who was yelling that.
After the game with another lemonade wtih watermelon flavor for the road.
"Lemonade, lemonade, just like grandma used to make!" Yum yum! Also try the Island noodles with vegetables and Teriyaki Chicken.
Dodgers defeated the Angels 5-0. We spotted Efrain with this t-shirt. Here is the front
Here is the back of Efrain's shirt:
We had a great first day.
next post: Spring Training 2011 Pictures, Part Two


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I have a huge soft spot for Shipyard. Ten years ago, when I lived in the Canadian Maritimes to the east of Maine [You: ...there is something... to the east... of Maine??] it was a taste of civilization getting across the border to taste the southern delights of their export ale or - madness of madness - the variety of a mixed 12 pack, that apparently mortal sin under Canadian regulation.
Recently, the kind folk of Shipyard - repeat sponsors of the Yule photo contest amongst other things - forwarded me a couple of the new brews under the Pugsley's Signature Series, their richly branded new premium line. This one pours black as the seven of clubs, with only a line of mahogany at the edge, under a cafe au lait froth and rim. Plenty of dark chocolate with a bit of licorice on the nose. On the cheeky swish, a great texture of fine ground cocoa/coffee mixed with thick dark chocolate liquor. Minty and twiggy hop notes mixing with mocha espresso - or does the cream yeast make that cuppoccino - laced with a little black strap molasses. A real treat at 7.1%. The BAers are a little ungenerous.


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Girls at Work is very excited to celebrate our organization's efforts with our fantastic community of supporters. This year's MusicFest will take place on Saturday, Nov. 2 at Manchester's Millyard Museum from 6-9 p.m.
We have assembled a fun lineup of events and musicians throughout the evening along with raffle tables and a silent auction.
This year's raffle tables include art, jewelry, music, sports, gourmet cakes and much more. Back by popular demand…the Cork Pull, where each cork pulled wins you a bottle of wine to take home!
$50 ($40 early-bird)
Girls at Work, Inc
Elaine Hamel
We make every effort to ensure the accuracy of this information. However, you should always call ahead to confirm dates, times, location, and other information.


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Music to Your Ears
By Laura Marrich
All Folked Up
You can only squeeze so many banjos, two-steppers and fiddlers into a single Saturday afternoon. If you don't watch your elbows, you might get a rosined bow where God never intended.
Show Up!
Rahim AlHaj and Ustad Amjad Ali Khan
Two musical masters serve the single purpose of peace
By Mel Minter
Though rooted in two different cultures, Iraqi oudist Rahim AlHaj and Indian sarodist Ustad Amjad Ali Khan have each flourished under the same sun: the belief that music is a singularly uniting art form that can transform the world for the better.
Jessie Martin
Kannaroo 3: Killith Fair
Music for music's sake
By Simon McCormack
Usually, drunken ideas only sound brilliant while you're sloshed.
Max Moulton and three of his friends from Dixon beat the odds and came up with a solid idea for a music festival while blitzed. "Alcohol was kind of the catalyst," Moulton recalls. "Booze cures all."
That was three years ago. Since then, there have been two installments of their Kannaroo music festival in Sunshine Valley, situated just north of Questa. The third Kannaroo features 12 bands from New Mexico, Arizona and Colorado, a guitar shred-off competition and an improperly sized volleyball game.
Flyer on the Wall
Team America
Religious Girls (East Bay, Calif.), Jessie Williams and Colton Saylor (California, California), and Our Brother the Native (Ann Arbor, Mich.) split the cross-country difference and meet in Albuquerque at CiRQ art gallery (712 Central SE, just west of I-25) on Wednesday, June 24. Yoda's House acts as Southwestern ambassador. 8 p.m., $5, all-ages. (Laura Marrich)
Sonic ReducerNikki Kelly Nikki Kelly · Miles Okazaki Generations · The Ashes The Ashes
Albuquerque's Nikki Kelly sounds like she just woke up. Her sleepy, raspy and understated vocals set up the scene for everything she crafts instrumentally. Kelly plays guitar, piano, accordion and ukulele on her self-titled release, but the record is hardly cacophonous. Subdued folk keeps its cool and the biggest surprises come when Kelly's voice shoots high into the air. Lyrically, Kelly covers boredom, smoking and all matter of relationship troubles. She has a quiet, self-assured delivery and enough patience to stay away from overreaching. Her songs shun gaudy ornamentation—their simplicity is their greatest strength. (SM)
EVENT HORIZON (Saturday, Dec 10)
Wearing Nothing but a Christmas Stocking
Yule Logs and Jingle Balls • Holly Rebelle • Mena Domina • burlesque
By Devin D. O'Leary
Gilded Cage Burlesk and Varieté is definitely getting on Santa's Naughty list with Yule Logs and Jingle Balls: A Very Risqué, Very Glittery, Very Burlesque Ode to the Holidays. Burlesque dancers, sideshow performers, drag acts and more join forces to celebrate this most sparkly of holidays in grand style…
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Today's Events
Lilly Pad Lounge • funk at SkyLight
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I'm Broken • Pantera tribute, rock • Full Blast • Sons of Icarus • Iron Maiden tribute, rock at LaunchpadMore Recommended Events ››
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Prime location - Bairro Alto 1B
Size50 m²
Floor No.1
- Towels
- Internet/WiFi
- Kitchen
- Balcony/terrace
- Dishwasher
Accommodation summary
|Travessa dos Inglesinhos, 1200 Lisbon, Portugal
|Property type
|Property ID
|Acceptance rate
|Response time
|A few hours
|Calendar updated
This is a modern and cozy apartment, full of character and light, set on the first floor (Drto) of an ancient typical Lisbon building in the trendy and vibrant Bairro Alto, known as one of the most attractive and picturesque areas of the Lisbon's city center. This apartment is part of a group of 7 apartments that we have in this building.
The apartment has one bedroom with a double bed, and a double sofa bed in the living room, a nice bathroom, fully equipped kitchen, ready to cook home made meals. Towels and linens at your disposal are included in the price and satelite Tv and wireless internet as well.
To set forth on a discovery of Lisbon, there is no better place to begin: the tram a few steps away, international brand shops at Chiado and the more daring fashions in Bairro Alto, where you also have the trendiest restaurants of Lisbon. Bica neighbourhood, close by, is becoming a night haven for artists and intellectuals. But this does not destroy the calm and charm of Rua das Chagas. For theatre and opera lovers there are three theatre houses at a five minute distance, S. Carlos, S. Luiz and Trindade Theatres.
Chiado is where Lisbon's history and urbanity meet. This tourist area of the capital begins at the Brasileira café, on Rua Garrett. Opened in 1905. It´s one of Lisbon's postcards. On the side walk café you will find the different urban tribes and a statue of poet Fernando Pessoa, who offers his lap for tourist photos.
Next to it, two churches remind the vanished towers of Santa Catarina Gate. The Church of Loreto, built in 1528 by Italians living in Lisbon, was partially destroyed by the 1755 earthquake, but later rebuilt and one of the places to visit on Chiado. The Church of Encarnação, inaugurated in 1708, was also hit in 1755 and rebuilt later. But Chiado has more than just two churches to see.
Luís de Camões square, which any Lisboner will call Largo Camões, is not just a passing place. Sit on the steps of the poet's monument and enjoy the bustle that Chiado has.
But do not leave Chiado without inquiring about the theatres. São Luiz Municipal Theatre was one of Lisbon's first cinemas. Today it is a municipal theatre with a rich and varied programming. Also glimpse the Teatro Trindade and the S. Carlos Opera House.
This is one of the city´s best shopping areas. You will find international brand shops (Hermès and Hugo Boss, for example) and great Portuguese designers like José António Tenente (Tv. Carmo, 8) StoryTailors (Cç. Do Ferragial, 8) or Atelier Alves/Gonçalves (Tv. Guilherme Cossul, 16).
It is not difficult to come across public figures, mainly artists. There are several art schools in the area, like the Fine Arts Faculty. Even if you are not an expert, venture into the Chiado Museum - National Museum of Contemporary Art (Rua Serpa Pinto, 4) besides well-cared exhibitions, it has a pleasant patio to have lunch or simply sip a coffee. There is also a big offer for meals: Café Royale, New Wok and Kaffee Hause are excellent choices.
Walk the streets with care, the movement on the sidewalks is always heavy and the trams are constantly passing.
You are in Lisbon. And Lisbon never stops
House rules
-You should leave the apartment until 12:00 in the morning.
-We will provide you with our contact details after your reservation is confirmed.
- The codes to enter at the apartment will be provided 3 days before your arrival.
-The apartment will be ready and cleaned for you before your arrival. Fresh towels and bed clothing are also provided and all is included in the total price. You will be given a set of towels per person.
-Cleaning: On departure
Please note that from the 1st of January 2016 a city tax of EUR 1 per person, per night is not included in the total price and should be paid on site. This tax is charged to guests aged 13 and older. It is subject to a maximum amount of EUR 7 per guest.
|Check-in after
|Check-in before
|On arrangement
|Check-out before
|Cancellation Policy
Reviews for this host's other properties
We were a group of friends to spend some days in Lisbon! When we was there waiting Margarida, on schedule. The apartment, although it seems to be in bad area, is actually in the room at night, streets despite being "older". The floor is as it appears in the photos, something small. We were provided towels at the entrance. The bathroom is small enough for everyday use, we had had only blankets and a heater, however, we had no cold.
Fuimos un grupo de amigas a pasar unos días a Lisboa! Cuando llegamos estaba alli Margarida esperándonos, a la hora prevista. El apartamento, aunque parezca estar en mala zona, esta en realidad en la zona de ambiente por la noche, a pesar de ser calles más "viejas". El piso es tal cual sale en las fotos, algo pequeño. Se nos facilitó toallas a la entrada. El baño es bastante pequeño para el uso diario, no tuvimos mantas y había solo un calefactor, sin embargo, no pasamos frío.
We enjoyed our stay in this open-plan and very modern apartments! There was even a small terrace where you could enjoy a glass of wine after a long day out. The location is also perfect, we could almost reach all destinations on foot. 50 meters away is the nearest supermarket and the tram 28th
We felt the support of Ana well. This apartment is recommended in any case further.
Wir haben unseren Aufenthalt in diesem offen gestalteten und modern eingerichteten Apartment sehr genossen! Es gab sogar eine kleine Terrasse, auf der man nach einem langen Ausflugstag ein Gläschen Wein genießen konnte. Die Lage ist zudem optimal, wir konnten beinah alle Ziele fußläufig erreichen. 50 m entfernt befindet sich der nächste Supermarkt und die Tram 28.
Wir haben uns durch die Betreuung von Ana sehr wohl gefühlt. Diese Wohnung ist in jedem Fall weiter zu empfehlen.
Very neat and nice apartment in the historic center, so very centrally located. Well equipped (to the washing machine - without detergent; that would bring!). For the central location also quite recommendable quiet and without limitation. Nice reception, easy check out: You can just the keys on the table in the kitchen.
Sehr gepflegte und hübsche Wohnung im Altstadtviertel, also ganz zentral gelegen. Gut ausgestattet (bis hin zur Waschmaschine - ohne Waschmittel; das wäre mitzubringen!). Für die zentrale Lage auch durchaus ruhig und ohne Einschränkung empfehlenswert. Netter Empfang, problemloses Auschecken: Man lässt einfach die Schlüssel auf dem Tisch in der Küche.
Very nice apartment with a great, central location.
Tastefully decorated.
Only minus: balcony without view or in the basement.
Otherwise, tip top .... at any time.
Sehr schöne Wohnung mit toller, zentraler Lage.
Geschmackvoll eingerichtet.
Einziges Minus: Balkon ohne Blick bzw. im Keller.
Ansonsten tip top .... jederzeit wieder.
Thanks Philipp for answering our 1000 questions about Lisbon, showing us the Appartment in detail. Very nice stay at a quiet but central place....
PS: just paid 12 euro for the TAXI to the airport ......very good recommendation and very good service from you ...we come again !
We loved to stay here!
Really beautiful, clean with everything you might need in a quiet little street but still in the centre. Perfect for us- we would love to come back :)
Graciassss Muchasssss it all, it was a pleasure to be in Lisbon and stay with you! We were at home.
Muchasssss graciassss por todo, fue un placer estar en Lisboa y alojarnos con ustedes! Estuvimos como en casa.
Great appartement! Looked in real life the same as on the pictures!
We enjoyed our stay very much. Also very helpful staff!
Home impeccable staff Wimdu. 10/10! Filipe is very friendly and gives advice on the sights to visit and tricks for walking in Lisbon.
On housing, 5/10! Pictures taken correspond to a new apartment, unfortunately this is not / no longer the case (small room / small bathroom / broken foot single beds, electric meter jumps if startup electric heater & hob), it may need to revise the counter amperage to avoid this kind of inconvenience.
For summer it is not annoying but for the winter it becomes more problematic.
At the sight, this corresponds entirely to the announcement!
In short Overall rating 3/5
Accueil personnel Wimdu impeccable. 10/10! Filipe est très sympathique et nous donne des conseils sur les monuments à visiter et les petites astuces pour se balader dans Lisbonne.
Concernant le logement, 5/10 ! Les photos prises correspondent à un appartement récent, malheureusement ce n'est pas/plus le cas ( petite chambre / salle de bain minuscule / pieds des lits simple cassés, compteur électrique qui saute si mise en route radiateur électrique & plaque cuisson ), il faudra peut-être revoir l'ampérage du compteur pour éviter ce genre de désagréments.
Pour l'été ce n'est pas gênant mais pour l'hiver cela devient plus problématique.
Au niveau de la vue, cela correspond tout à fait à l'annonce !
Bref Note globale 3/5
Nice apartment, easily accessible, with four adults it was optimal.
Good access, quiet to sleep.
The living room carpet could be exchanged times .....
Nette Wohnung, gut zu erreichen, mit vier Erwachsenen war es optimal.
Gut zu erreichen, leise zum Schlafen.
Der Wohnzimmerteppich könnte mal ausgetauscht werden.....
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SerendipityRose's FML badges
Hard at Work
Voting on an FML from the Work category on a Monday between 8 and 9am, how ironic.
I like your style
You've liked someone. How cute!
Supersize Menu
You wanted you know what the top of the flops of all time was, and now you know.
SerendipityRose's favorite FMLs
Today, I went to spend my last $50 on gas, since I get paid in 5 days. I paid for the gas and stepped into the restroom briefly. I came out, only to discover that the attendant had put the gas on the wrong pump, and someone had used it for themselves. My tank is empty. FML
by ItsJustMe1616 / 06/15/2014 at 1:13am / United States / Money
Today, some alarm, somewhere in my house, is making a low battery noise. I've checked every smoke detector multiple times, and I can't find it. It has been hours. I'm not sure if its still doing it or if the sound has just invaded my brain. FML
by AndrewKeane / 06/09/2014 at 12:26pm / United States (Illinois) / Miscellaneous
Today, my biology professor was giving a lecture to everyone and used me as an example. For what? Traits men are repulsed by in potential mates. FML
by Anonymous / 04/22/2014 at 11:26am / Canada (New Brunswick) / Miscellaneous
Today, I found out that the girl I've fallen in love with is a "young-earth/dinosaurs-lived-with-humans" crackpot. FML
by GodSquad / 09/26/2013 at 4:06am / United Kingdom (Blackburn with Darwen) / Love
Today, I asked my boss for a raise, explaining that another shop offered me a job at a higher rate, but I would stay if he would offer me the same. Instead, he fired me then called the other shop and said I was fired for failing a drug test. FML
by nowork / 08/27/2013 at 11:21pm / United States (New York) / Work
Today, I finished a big art project. It was a self-portrait done in acrylics. Proud of my piece, I showed my mom. After some thought her first comment was, "well, I'm either going to insult your art or your face." FML
by Anonymous / 06/01/2013 at 7:43am / United States (Pennsylvania) / Miscellaneous
Today, after rocking my one-year old daughter for nearly two hours, she finally fell asleep. As I went to leave her room, I stubbed my toe. I now have a broken toe, a screaming child, and a wife who will be so proud that her daughter's first word is "FUCK!" FML
by DocBastard / 12/16/2011 at 9:29pm / United States / Kids
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Check in from 14h / Check out prior to 12h
Hotel Indah Manila: Find photos, reviews, information, amenities and compare prices for 3 stars hotels in Manila, Philippines.
Hotel Indah Manila offers 3-star accommodation in Manila. It is ideally located for those wishing to visit local attractions.
Hotel description
There are a range of facilities available to those staying at the hotel, such as massage services, a beauty centre and valet parking. Airport transfers, a laundry service and a wake-up service are available on enquiry.
All the rooms at Hotel Indah Manila provide a refrigerator, a private bathroom and a mini bar. Cable/satellite channels and a shower are also provided.
Hotel Indah Manila houses both a restaurant and a bar where guests are able to relax at the end of the day. For those preferring to dine out, the local neighbourhood offers several bars and restaurants serving a choice of varied cuisines.
Manila's attractions, such as the Puente de Espana and Philippine Normal University, are within easy walking distance of the hotel. Black Nazarene, Manila Cathedral and Adamson University are also situated within a 20-minute walk away.
Hotel features
Room Service, Restaurant, Bar / Lounge, Air Conditioned, Non-Smoking Rooms, Mini Bar, Refrigerator, Cable / Satellite TV, TV, Shower, En suite, Private Bathroom, Coffee Shop/Cafeteria
Business Center, Elevator / Lift, Conference Room(s), Wake-up Service, Laundry service
Tour Desk, Massage / Beauty Centre, Massage
High-speed Internet
Airport shuttle, Valet Parking
Private Toilet
Availability and Prices
Booking Site
Room Type
Per room
Per night
Per night
Users who viewed Hotel Indah Manila also viewed these 3 stars Manila hotels:
Dela Chambre Hotel
667-669 Plaza Lachambre St., Binondo, Manila
667-669 Plaza Lachambre St., Binondo, Manila
Oasis Paco Park Hotel
1032-34 Belen Street, Manila
1032-34 Belen Street, Manila
Cherry Blossoms Hotel
#550 Jorge Bocobo Extension, Manila
#550 Jorge Bocobo Extension, Manila
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Short jacket in woven fabric with a sheen. Lace front panels and sleeves and satin lining. No buttons.
74% polyester, 22% rayon, 4% spandex.
Machine wash cold
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World War II and the Home Front: Ed Tubbs
Ed Tubbs, of Delmar, had just graduated from Iowa State College in December of 1941.
(Ed Tubbs) I went to work in Jasper County, lived in Newton, for the Extension Service. I was there for six months, and it occurred to me that it was probably time to get involved, so I volunteered.
Several months after enlisting, Tubbs' father Clifton became ill. Tubbs petitioned the federal government for a deferment which would allow him to return to Delmar. Farmers fed the troops, so the request was granted.
(Ed Tubbs) As far as balancing supply and demand, it wasn't getting done—until the war came along. And then, of course, demand exploded, and we suddenly needed to produce everything we could in order to feed the people, supply the armed forces, and so on, so we were—into production in a big way, as big a way as we could with the equipment we had. It was a tough time—tough time, really.
Though farmers had been asked to produce as much as possible it was still not enough to feed both a hungry nation and millions of people in the military. To help prevent a shortage for those in uniform the federal government began to ration everything with a strategic value. Special coupon books were issued to every man, woman and child in the United States. Without the coupon books, you could not buy certain items like sugar, meat, tires or gasoline.
(Ed Tubbs) I think every time before the baby was wiped off, why, everybody was going to sign him up for a rationing card. And you get one for the baby when he's born. Obviously he wasn't able to use all the stuff that you can buy with those coupons. And those coupon books were coveted. As usual, a lot of swapping going on. If you had a ration card for pickles, and you didn't like pickles, you could trade it with somebody.
Iowa Pathways: Iowa History Resources for Students and Teachers
Home ~ My Path ~ Artifacts ~ Timeline ~ Quest ~ Teacher Resources ~ Project Information ~ SponsorsIowa Pathways © 2005 - 2016 Iowa Public Television


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Sound: Nothing revolutionary, but the boys do what the boys do best. They rock. Whether it's a slower, heartfelt track like Always or the seething, aggressive, ridiculously cool solo of Keep The Faith, Bon Jovi play their songs with a confidence and style that a band can only get when they know they f--ing rock. Sambora's solos feature heavily on almost every song and I remember each and every one note for note. Tico keeps the beats ticking along nicely and Byran really adds a special little something to some of the songs with his keys. Jon's voice is as gravelly, sexy, cool and accomplished as ever as well. Considering this is a Best Of album the sound was never going to be anything less than flawless was it. // 10
Lyrics: I'm a big Bon Jovi fan but I openly admit that their songs aren't for everyone. So if your not a fan of cheesy American glam rock lyrics your probably best not paying attention and just listening to Richie Sambora's crunching guitar solos (you can't wrong with Richie). Jon Bon Jovi's voice has long been recognised as one of the industries best and without it none of the songs would sound as good, although huge praise must also be given to Richie Sambora and David Byran too, both of whom provide backing vocals on some or all of the songs and both of whom have excellent range and tone. Overall I'll give the lyrics a high score because even if you do think they're cheesy, they always put a smile on your face and give you goosebumps at the right time. // 9
Overall Impression: I grew up listening to Bon Jovi and I've had this specific album broken twice and I still went out and bought Bon Jovi Crossroads Deluxe Edition (the one with the Live In London DVD and B-Sides & Rarities CD) to replace it. Obviously this album is one of the best, seeing as it is a best of. I love every song on it and there's a little something for everyone on here, even if you don't like the lyrics or the singing the rhythm and lead guitar is faultless throughout. I cherish this as one of my all time top CDs and I implore anyone who doesn't have this album with in reaching distance to go out and buy a copy. This review may be a bit behind schedule (it's March 31st 2009 as I write this) but I will write this review and I will defend this album with passion and integrity because I really do beleive that everyone should experience it at some time. // 10
Sound: I really enjoy the 80's albums. They have a hard but sweet sound to the ear. Basically buying this album and Guns N Roses Greatest Hits made me realize how much I love the 80's music. Even though this album was released its sound is deeply influenced by the 80's pop rock. Which is what you get when you listen to Bon Jovi (which is the only pop artist I hear).I like the electronic sounds in songs like "Livin' On A Prayer", "Bad Medicine" and "You Give Love A Bad Name". But I also enjoy the most slow paced songs like "Wanted Dead Or Alive","Keep The Faith" and "Someday I'll Be Saturday Night". // 10
Lyrics: The lyrics are mostly about love and the things that happen in a relationship. Some songs talk about how you can get your heart broken cuz some bitch betrays you. Some talk about how you can thru hard times in relationships. Basically the songs are about women and love for them. Bon Jovi's voice is pretty efficient transmiting the message of his songs but as strange as it may sound his voice reminds me Axl's voice. I'm not very attraceted to a full "love album" but it has some kick ass sounds. // 8
Overall Impression: I recommend you not buy this album if you don't like soft-hearted shit. Also if you simply can't stand 80's music or pop or love songs (again). However if you enjoy good rock/pop from the 80's with some slow paced songs like or if you simply love Bon Jovi. The best songs are: "Livin' On A Prayer","Bad Medicine","You Give Love A Bad Name","In & Out Of Love","Someday I'll Be Saturday Night" and "Runaway". // 8
Sound: It's an album with a compilation of the best songs from his albums 'Bon Jovi', '7800 Fahrenheit', 'Slippery When Wet', 'New Yersey', 'Keep The Faith' and 'These Days'. The most awesome songs of Bon Jovi are on this record: Livin' On A Prayer, Keep The Faith, Someday I'll Be Saturday Night, Always, Wanted Dead Or Alive, Lay Your Hands On Me, You Give Love A Bad Name, Bed Of Roses, Blaze Of Glory, In These Arms, Bad Medicine, I'll Be There For You, In & Out Of Love, Runaway And Never Say Goodbye. I'm a very big Bon Jovi fan, and I would like it when there came another compilation album, but then with all his albums of this moment. // 10
Lyrics: I love Jon's voice and he sings the song with a lot of accents in the lyrics. The biggest part of the lyrics are written by Jon Bon Jovi and Richie Sambora and they make such a special songs. The skills of Bon Jovi and backgroundsinger/guitarist Richie Sambora are very fantastic! I just love they're voice sound. // 10
Overall Impression: As I already said, it's a compilation album of his best songs an you can't compare it with other artists, because I think there ain't nothing better than Jon Bon Jovi. My favorite songs are Livin' On A Prayer and Runaway. I love it that the songs are a little bit remixed by the original album, but there is nothing what I hate about the album. I have all the Bon Jovi albums and also the two Richie Sambora solo-albums and I will buy another one if I lost it to make my collection complete again. // 10


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55, 6'0", 225lbs
Owner/operator of Start Haus in Truckee, CA. The shop specializes in race products and services and Schaffner is a hands-on leader of a top flight bootfitting team. Masterfit University instructor and board-certified Pedorthist, part-time race coach. Consultant in design and testing for boot and ski suppliers. Former full-cert PSIA instructor, former Level II coach and pro ski racer with almost 40 years experience in the ski industry. Workaholic, test-aholic, talk-aholic and unapologetic multi-tasker. Gets more done than testers half his age.


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now, you can write as
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can you continue?
use the fact that
8. a) Develop formulas for cot(α + β) and cot(α - β).
b) Find cot 75° + cot 15° without using tables.
you know the addition formulas for sine and cosine right?
again, write as10. a) Develop formulas for the following.
i) tan 2α
ii) cot 2α
Thank you!
and as
and apply the double angle formulas for sine and cosine


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Figure. DR. MICHAEL THORPY ADVISES:
Q I've read that the sleep drug zolpidem (Ambien) is causing some people to do outrageous things while sleeping, such as driving and binge eating. Should I stop taking this drug?
A No. There have only been a few cases of people who have taken zolpidem and reported an abnormal response. Therefore, your decision to stop the medication should only be guided by your physician.
Keep in mind that with zolpidem, you need to be prepared for seven to eight hours of sleep. Unfortunately, some people take the drug before they're ready for bed. One common scenario is that a person will be out late at night and think, "It takes a little while for the drug to kick in, so if I wait until I get home to take my sleeping pill, I'm not going to get enough sleep before I get up in the morning." The person will then take the drug before he or she even gets home. This is not appropriate. You should only take a sleep med around the time you plan to turn in for the night, and you need to be in the appropriate environment for sleeping. If not, there is a chance you will do things and then have no memory of doing them.
When people do these "outrageous" things—drive in their sleep, for instance—they are actually awake and alert. People taking drugs like zolpidem aren't getting into accidents because they're driving while sleeping. The problem is that the next day, they have no memory of having driven. So-called "Ambien drivers" and "Ambien eaters" are experiencing amnesia brought on by drug-induced sleep. Sleep can sometimes cause a kind of amnesia regardless of whether one takes a sleep med, but it is possible that zolpidem adds to the effect.


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The Pittsburgh Penguins got back to practice on Monday after a brief Christmas break, and they are looking to close out 2011 on a high note and carry any momentum into January of 2012 and beyond.
Pittsburgh is once again in solid playoff position in the Eastern Conference, currently sitting in fifth place with a record of 20-11-4 and 44 points. They have proven that they are consistent playoff contenders and can win without captain Sidney Crosby in the lineup.
However, in order to keep up their success, several key players must set individual goals and meet them throughout the remainder of 2011and going into 2012.
Hopefully, the players in this slideshow take their New Year's resolutions seriously and don't just stop following through on them after the first week of January. (I'm looking at you, all of you who resolve every year to go to the gym, get more organized and stop procrastinating...oh wait, that was me. Oops.)
Here are some good resolutions for a few Penguins players to work on in 2012.