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The organized crime
Mafia, the organized crime (mafia, organized crime) - hierarchically organized groups of criminals, collectively and regularly engaged criminal crafts.
The term "mafia" has appeared in the middle 19 century and was originally used only for a designation of the organized crime on Sicilies (Italy). The ethymology of this term from the Sicilian dialect is not clear, more often it is translated as " by the defender, the patron ". After in the middle 20 century the Sicilian organized crime has won loud "popularity" in the Europe, and in the underworld of the USA the organization of italo-Americans has started to play an in the lead role, the word "mafia" became nominal (especially, in mass-media) for a designation of any strong criminal organization.
Criminologists mean activity the organized crime only professional criminals (gangsters), distinguishing from it "belovorotnichkovuyu" (economic) criminality. In a life and in mass-media, however, "mafia" any collectives of the offenders having greater authority (in our country write, say, about " official mafias " or even to " a militian mafia ") often name.
The large criminal organizations, engaged criminal crafts internationally, slightly. Such organizations as a mafia of Sicily, American "Cosa nostra", Japanese yakudza, the Chinese triads are most known. In last third 20 century more and more active role began to play the new criminal organizations - Latin American narkokarteli, Russian and Albanian mafia, the nigerian criminal organizations. Contrary to opinion about vezdesuschnosti mafias, in the majority of the countries of the world the large and influential mafia organizations are absent.
Mafia as system of criminal firms. The organized crime is so old, as well as a civilization: piracy flotillas and the predatory gangs meet already on the very first pages of history. However the modern organized crime has arisen only about hundred years ago and has basic differences from the criminal organizations doindustrial'nyh societies.
The traditional organized crime (as an example it is possible to recollect, for example, pirates of Caribbean sea 17 century or a gang well-known Kartusha, "king" of the Parisian robbers of the beginning 18 century) has been entirely based on violence. The modern organized crime, on the contrary, makes mainly " crimes without victims " - is engaged in activity from which win (is even illusory) not only criminals, but also those who use their services.
Domestic and foreign criminologists unanimously emphasize following basic characteristics of the organized crime:
Stability and long duration,
Aspiration to maximization of profit,
Planning of activity,
Division of labour, differentiation on heads of a different level and executors - experts of a different structure,
Creation of monetary insurance stocks ("obschakov").
All these attributes copy prominent features of legal capitalist business. It is not casual: the modern organized crime is, in essence, special branch of business - the economic activities of professional criminals directed on satisfaction of antisocial and extremely scarce needs of ordinary citizens (manufacture of the goods forbidden by the law and services).
The treatment of the modern organized crime as mainly economic phenomenon for a long time has found reflection in its official definitions. For example, in the USA the law 1968 characterizes the organized crime as " illegal activity of members vysokoorganizovannoi and the disciplined association, an engaged delivery of the goods forbidden by the law or granting of the services forbidden by the law ". And in 1993 Secretary general of the United Nations in the report Influence of the organized criminal activity on a society has defined the organized crime as activity of the criminals who have united on an economic basis for granting of illegal services and the goods or for granting of lawful services and the goods in the illegal form.
While criminals were engaged purely "pereraspredelitel'noi" in activity (thefts, robberies, etc.), they did not require creation of the stable organizations. Only when there was a criminal manufacture (sex-industry, a gaming, narkobiznes, etc.), among criminals there was a division of labour (first of all - division into heads-leaders and ordinary executors), demanding the steady organizations. From the end 19 century, with the advent of the markets of the forbidden goods, are formed headed by criminal authorities " mafia firms ", engaged the organization of "industrial" mutual relations of criminals of different "specialities".
The criminal organizations divide spheres of influence (territory, kinds of activity), agreeing about rules of cooperation and a competition. Peace officers often join in a mafia network - they receive from a mafia of a bribe (or other useful services, for example, the help in restraint of unorganized criminality) that do not show "excessive" service eagerness. Unorganized criminals also participate in system of private contracts as some kind of "subcontractors" of the criminal organizations. Acquiring the right to act the territory controllable by the criminal organization, unorganized criminals pay to her for it "tribute". As a result of adjustment by a mafia of system of private contractual attitudes the atmosphere some kind of " the public consent " is created.
The model of the criminal organization as systems of private contracts practically without application of violence (Fig.) has obobschenno-abstract character. The real organized crime aspires to this ideal, but not always it reaches. To the greatest degree to him there corresponds the organized crime of Japan which operates quite openly, supporting communications with police.
Mafia as the shadow government. The treatment of the organized crime as system of criminal firms demands specification. In fact almost all the criminal organizations which are considered typical (mafia "families" of Italy, yakudza in Japan, the Chinese triads, etc.), have arisen still before the illegal markets were generated. The markets of the illegal goods (drugs, " the alive goods ", the weapon, the antiques, the stolen motor vehicles, etc.) began to develop only after the First world war, however all the well-known mafia communities (except for American "Cosa nostra") actively operated at least from the middle 19 century
The matter is that transformation of criminal communities into similarity of legal firms corresponds to high enough level of their development. At early stages the mafia organizations played a role, more likely, some kind of the shadow governments. Subsequently these functions noticeably weakened, but completely did not disappear. To prove it, we shall consider racket-business with which, as a rule, and the history of any mafia organization begins.
Racket is a gathering by gangsters of "tribute" under threat of causing physical and property harm. Collecting a tribute, the criminal organization guarantees to the businessmen imposed by "tribute" protection from vymogatel'stv other criminal groups or criminals-singles. To receive a stable payment, racketeers aspire to incur a role of the Supreme arbitrator in the disputable situations connected with receivership proceeding between the clients (promissory notes, execution of contract agreements).
Being engaged in racket, the criminal organization sells services on protection of the property rights - protection against all criminal elements, including from members of the given organization. Law-enforcement services always carry to number of the public blessings which manufacture is monopoly of the state. Therefore development should be considered racket-business as the form of creation of the shadow erzac-government competing to the official government.
Having begun with monopolization of publicly-legal functions, the large criminal organizations pass to monopolization of separate kinds of criminal manufacture - carry out some kind of "nationalization". Each criminal organization aspires to create instead of a gangster market economy gangster command economy, completely having replaced a competition the centralized management. However to the full it is practically impracticable. One of the reasons consists that the more largly and more strongly the criminal organization, the above probability, that she becomes object of prosecution by forces of the law and order, concerned by occurrence of the alternative center of authority (so was, for example, with Medel'inskim narkokartelem in Colombia). When the state becomes stronger, it always stops claims of the organized crime for political authority.
Thus, the developed organized crime appears not as " the shadow government ", and as a network of the locally-monopolistically firms similar to sovereign princedoms between which the competition for repartition old and development of the new markets does not stop.
Mafia business. " In a basis of activity of the organized crime the social order lays ", American criminologist R.Klark writes. Mafia criminal activity - crimes of a special sort, " the crimes made by a mutual consent, crimes which fulfilment is wished by consuming public " (Clark R.Prestupnost in the USA., Progress, 1975. With. 86). It means, that the organized crime develops only there and then, where and when objectively arises steady and a great demand on the forbidden goods and services. For example, wide scope of criminal racket in Russia 1990 was generated by a great demand of businessmen on protection in an atmosphere of weak protection of the property rights, revelry of "usual" criminality, low efficiency of law-enforcement bodies, absence of the conventional rules of competitive struggle.
Economy of the organized crime - diversificirovannaya the economy based on a combination of different kinds of business.
The mafia (as well as legal firms) tries " to not put all eggs in one basket ". So, during an epoch of " the dry law " the American gangsters received the basic incomes from butlegerstva, but simultaneously continued to supervise prostitution and started to master gembling (the forbidden gamblings) and narkobiznes. The estimation of structure of incomes of the modern international organized crime shows, that drugs, the basic modern criminal craft, nevertheless give only half of cumulative incomes of a mafia. The mafia often combines two directions of economic activities - illegal manufacture where greater money earn, and legal manufacture where this money "are washed". As a result the economy of the developed organized crime looks as an iceberg: on a kind - legal, rather malodohodnyi in itself business (for example, processing vtorsyr'ya), " under water " - highly remunerative illegal business (for example, narkobiznes). The mafia economy gets such form at that stage of the development when the mafia aspires "vrasti" in official system, not breaking off with criminal crafts.
Mafia business can make for leaders of the organized crime very high profit. We shall tell, italo-American the organized crimes ("Cosa nostra") in 1980 estimated incomes in 50-130 billion dollars, that in tens times more annual profit of the largest corporations of the USA. As to a degree of riches Latin American narkobaronov it is known, for example, that in 1984 Medel'inskii the cartel suggested the government of Colombia to pay an external duty of this country in 13 billion dollars in exchange for amnesty and legalization of cartel. Annual net profits Colombian narkokartelei were estimated in the beginning 1990 in 4-5 billion dollars, narkokartelei Mexico - nearby 2,5 billion dollars a year.
Back of high total profit of a mafia are not less high costs. We shall tell, at transportation of drugs law enforcement bodies intercept approximately 10 % of all cargoes. As a result of collision with police or with competitors the mafia businessman risks to leave freedom or even with a life. The original insurance is regular payoff of police and politicians - on bribes leaves about 1/3 total profits. At "washing up" of criminal capitals of loss make 5-10 %. Danger of death is born often even with dialogue with the buyer (for example, the addict can kill the street drug-dealer).
By virtue of all these reasons the average level of net profit of members of the criminal organizations is not too great, and its legal use is strongly complicated. Mafia "career" is attractive only to natives of poor layers. Any Mafiosi in one country of the world did not become really large businessman.
The uniform national criminal organization is not present anywhere. Even in Italy, besides the Sicilian mafia, there are criminal organizations some smaller scale - Neapolitan kamorra and kalabriiskaya ndrangeta which act that as partners contenders of the Sicilian Mafiosis.
In order to prevent losses from self-destructive interstine struggle the territories attractive to criminal crafts, share on the areas fixed to separate mafia groups. The central management of gangster community (for example, "dome" at the Sicilian mafia) if it is, carries out coordinating functions to similarly national unions of businessmen in legal branches. The mafia community as a result represents federation concerning independent, often the conflicting organizations. The main boss of a mafia individually supervising the organized crime across the nation, - a figure absolutely mythical.
On "site" each mafia group operates exclusively, but from time to time there is a repartition of territories " on force " (often during mafia "razborok"). The centralized coordinating bodies of a mafia are called to reduce costs of internal struggle, to enter it into " a peace channel ". However mafia wars still happen not only between competing criminal syndicates (" war of cartels " in Colombia in 1988, gangster wars in Russia 1990), but also inside of them ("war" of clans of the Sicilian mafia in 1980-1983).
Alongside with typical general characteristics, each concrete mafia organization has also features. We shall consider the some people " national models " the organized crimes.
"Cosa nostra". Market factors of development of the organized crime are most precisely traced on an example of the underworld of the USA. Having generated later, than in other countries, he initially has been burdened by is patriarchal-clan traditions in much smaller degree, than the other "national" criminal organizations. Therefore he has more quickly reached an organizational maturity - transition from traditional type of the organized crime to modern type.
Bases of criminal business of the USA are incorporated in 19 century when the first organized criminal groups began to be formed. Originally they were engaged mainly in a robbery, the control over prostitution and racket of fine businessmen.
"Hour of triumph" of the American organized crime became an epoch of " the dry law " (1920-1933). Though the congress has approved 18-th amendment to the Constitution, forbidden manufacture, sale, transportation, export and import of spirits, however Americans have not refused at all from vinopitiya. Butlegerstvo (illegal trade in alcohol) it has appeared vysokopribyl'nym business: the bottle of whisky bought outside the country for 15 dollars, was on sale in the USA already for 80 dollars the same years a mafia has mastered industrial racket, having grasped the control over some kinds of "dirty" jobs (as, for example, unloadings and transportations of cargoes).
In the underworld of America of this period the leaging role was played by the gangsters of the Italian origin leading a family tree from the Sicilian mafia. In 1929 at assembly of leaders of criminal business in Atlantic City (the leading part in its organization the well-known gangsters Charles Luchiano have played and Frenki Kostello) organizational registration of the italo-American criminality has been completed. Since this moment each "family" operates strictly in the territory, being coordinated with other "families" through the central advice ("commission") consisting of bosses of largest "families". The criminal organization of italo-Americans it is accepted to name conditionally "Cosa nostra" (with ital. - " our business "), she till now is considered the strongest (though far not unique) the criminal organization of the USA.
After a cancelling of " the dry law " the basic source of gangster incomes became operation of gamblings, as forbidden (in the majority of staffs), and resolved (in Las Vegas, on Cuba, etc.). " The spark craft " - loans - gave players, fine businessmen and other persons which crediting legal loan establishments refused greater profit (the interest rate thus reached 150 % a week).
The new stage of history of the American gangsterism - an epoch narkobiznesa - has begun in 1970. The American criminal groupings have mastered this business still in 1920 (then it was supervised with the Jewish mafia), however demand for drugs was rather insignificant. After sharp expansion of the market of drugs under influence to " youth revolution " 1960 narkobiznes began to give the most significant share of incomes of the American organized crime.
Organizational "Cosa nostra" is confederation of 24 "families". They operate basically in large cities of Northeast and the Average West of the USA and unite approximately 5-7,5 thousand person.
The Sicilian mafia. If in history of the American mafia racket was only one of episodes in other countries this form of criminal business prospered much longer. The Sicilian mafia began almost 200 years ago with agricultural racket, extorting a payment from the rich land owners leasing the ground, and from fine subtenants. Later, already in 20 century, she began to supervise trade in agricultural products. Last "fruit-and-vegetable" war between the Sicilian Mafiosis when spheres of influence in the markets shared, has passed in the middle 1950.
In 1950-1960-e the Sicilian mafia actively masters building business. In 1957, under influence of the American colleagues from "Cosa nostra", siciliicy have finished organizational registration - have created supervising joint body ("dome" or "kapitul"), which members of steel leaders of the districts consisting of 2-3 mafia clans. During same time siciliicy start to be engaged in transit of heroin that becomes in 1970 basis of prosperity of a mafia, and actively take root into legal business. A basis of legal mafia business became construction and ground gamble.
In the beginning 1990 Sicilian mafia consisted of 253 clans (from them 67 - in Palermo), members uniting more 6,5 thousand. Last years 20 century Sicilian "octopus" were received with a number of serious impacts from law enforcement bodies of Italy and has noticeably lowered the influence.
Yakudza. Gangsters of Japan conduct the family tree from gangs of players of the middle 18 century (the term "yakudza" means one of combinations in gambling). The control over legal and illegal gamblings continues to remain one of the major clauses of their incomes and in modern Japan.
In first half 20 century yakudza supervised the organizations of building and port unskilled workers. In post-war decades they have mastered underground usury and pornobiznes, from the beginning of 1970 incomes leading by clause yakudza became narkobiznes.
Though the Japanese mafia ancient Sicilian and American, its organizational registration took place only in the end 1960 when leaders of criminal syndicates have organized a meeting and during negotiations have divided spheres of influence. The leading part among several thousand gangs is played with three large organizations (the largest - " Yamaguti gumi "), on whose share is necessary a greater share of all members yakudza.
Specificity of the Japanese model of the organized crime that the gangster organizations function quite legally, similarly to usual firms. Cards of gangsters are decorated by an emblem of a gang, everyone has the official hymns, the largest syndicates have own printed editions and even pay to the members pension grants. Therefore partial transformation yakudza in a version "belovorotnichkovoi" criminality has passed in 1980 very easily. In 1990 mass refusal yakudza to return the large credits received from the financial organizations for financing of construction and operations with the real estate (it is a question of the sums of the order 350-800 billion dollars), became one of the reasons of the largest bank crisis.
Yakudza show curious paradox: in Japan the organized criminals per capita it is appreciable more, than in the USA, Italy or Russia, however public harm from them it is appreciable below. The Japanese police considers yakudza not so much as the inveterate criminals challenging to a society, how much as the effective allies in restraint of unorganized criminality (some kind of alternative police). Japan shows that model of coexistence of a modern society and the modern organized crime which to many researchers seems to the optimal for both parties.
" Russian mafia ". Community " thieves in the law " - the oldest and known criminal grouping of Russia. Though abroad usually write about " Russian mafia ", this term is inexact, as the majority of criminal authorities on our country belong to various national minorities (first of all, to people of Caucasus).
Formation of community " thieves in the law " carry to the end 1920 - to the beginning 1930. It has occured in jails, that for the "normal" organized crime is absolutely abnormal. Its members originally were engaged especially "pereraspredelitel'noi" in activity (pocket thefts, larceny, robberies). However this community could achieve very high degree of self-organizing which abroad arose only in the criminal organizations of modern type.
Members of "thieves'" community were united with rigid enough arch of informal rules - " thieves' concepts ":
Strict corporate solidarity (" the thief in the law " cannot even zamahnut'sya on "colleague", not that to give on it investigatory indications);
Prohibition to have any contacts to authorities (for example to serve in army);
Prohibition to be engaged in usual work (even in places of imprisonment);
Duty to supervise behaviour of all other criminals in jails;
Refusal of personal property (ideal " the thief in the law " has no anything the, he receives means or from criminal operations in which realization the role of the organizer plays, but not the executor, or from "voluntary-obligatory" deductions of other criminals).
Originally " thieves in the law " were the original criminal government organized on communal principles and informally operating jails. It is natural, that official Soviet bodies did not wish to be reconciled with "diarchy". During the fierce reprisals against carriers of thieves' traditions in 1950, and also civil strifes inside of most " a thieves' award " (" such'ya war "), the first generation " thieves in the law " has appeared almost completely is liquidated. However soon this organization has unexpectedly found " the second breath ".
After wide expansion in 1960 shadow business "cehovikov" (so named heads of state enterprises who organized manufacture of not considered scarce goods for realization "on the left") professional criminals have started to specialize in the USSR any more on pocket thefts, and on a robbery of underground businessmen. From a robbery "cehovikov" the Soviet gangsters send to classical racket - to gathering of constant "tribute" in exchange for guarantees of protection. The important boundary in history of the domestic organized crime became a joint meeting " thieves in the law " and "cehovikov" in 1979 in Kislovodsk when unorganized requisitions have been replaced by systematic payment by underground businessmen of 10 % from their incomes in exchange for the guaranteed safety from the underworld.
Since then and up to 2000 basic kind of incomes of the Russian organized crime there is a racket - collection of requisitions for safety all over again with illegal, and from the end 1980 and from the majority of legal businessmen. As businessmen did not receive some essential legal support, they have been doomed to appear " in embraces " mafias. To the middle 1990 under the control of " gangster roofs " was, by some estimations, about 85 % of all commercial enterprises - in effect everything, except for borrowed by security business or law enforcement bodies working under the direct patronage.
In the end 1990 in manufacture of security services gangsters have collided with a strong competition of legal commercial security agencies, and also kommercializirovannyh the state power structures. After that " Russian mafia " began to lose gradually a role of the absolute leader in protection of the property rights. The growing share in its incomes in 2000 is borrowed with usual criminal crafts, characteristic and for the modern foreign criminal organizations. The domestic organized crime all is engaged economic ("belovorotnichkovymi") in crimes, narkobiznesom, traffic in arms and antiques, pornobiznesom and much to others more actively. That of the criminal government " Russian mafia " in 2000 gradually turns to "usual" set of criminal firms.
Display of the strong changes occuring in " Russian mafia ", are changes in the environment " thieves in the law ". By the end of 1990 presents " thieves in the law " have started to disappear. In process of kommercializacii mafias the old "concepts", forbidding to have the property and the legal status, began to stir only. Though in prisons and camps the shadow authority " thieves in the law " is saved, over criminal business is dominated with the new "authorities" ("gangsters") who are not recognizing " thieves' concepts ".
The domestic mafia is numerous enough, but on a degree of organization noticeably concedes to foreign "samples". The quantity of the organized criminal groups is measured by thousand, however the present criminal communities (large, stable, with the inter-regional and international communications, having people in authorities) is appreciable less. According to Central administrative board on struggle against the organized crime of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, in the middle of 1990 them it was totaled in Russia of the order 150, they united approximately 12 thousand person. " Thieves' a meeting " still remain the main institute of criminal management. The central coordinating body as American "commission" it is not created yet, and hardly it is necessary to expect in the near future of its occurrence. Known amorphy, however, does not stir to active adjustment of contacts of large Russian groupings with leading world criminal communities.
Development of a market economy at stabilization of political authority conducts always to that the organized crime borrows the " a lawful place " in a society, turns from system of criminal authority to a network of criminal firms. This transformation of " Russian mafia " is not completed yet, but the vector of development was precisely designated already in the end 1990 when the rate has started to dominate over strengthening of political one-man management.
Struggle against a mafia. The organized crime often name the kind of criminal activity most dangerous to a society. However many criminologists mark, that some purposes of the organized crime coincide with the purposes of a society is a minimization of gangster civil strifes and applications of violence. Some scientists do even a conclusion, that the organized crime under some conditions is more useful, than unorganized, the reasonable compromise with a mafia therefore is necessary.
As American economist-criminologist Mankur Olson, the rational criminal-single, engaged larceny or a robbery wrote, practically is not interested absolutely not in well-being of the victims and consequently will take away at all of them, that only it is possible. The situation essentially varies, when instead of many wandering from one area in another of gangsters-singles there is one criminal organization monopolizing criminal activity in any territory. That mafia "family" had stably high incomes, it is necessary for her to care of prosperity of local residents and businessmen. Therefore rational mafia "family" a-monopolist will not steal or plunder in the territory itself and will not allow to do it to extraneous criminals. Instead of it the criminal organization maximizes the income, trading in protection against crimes, which she is ready to make itself (if to her will not pay), and crimes which will be made by other criminals (if she will not frighten off them). Logic model Olsona convinces, that from cleanly economic point of view and criminals, and legislative citizens are interested in the maximal monopolization of criminal crafts.
Economists-criminologists prove, in such a manner that the organized crime (monopolization of criminal crafts) is more preferable than criminality to a society disorganized (the competitive organization of criminal crafts). They warn against populist "crusades" on the organized crime, offering police to struggle mainly with usual, unorganized criminals who make the majority of criminal murders and other grave crimes.
Such "justification" of the organized crime, however, has weaknesses. First, the problem of national economic safety is ignored: strengthening of the organized crime weakens the state (it is brightly visible on examples of Colombia, Sicily and Russia 1990). Secondly, development of the organized crime brakes development of business as criminal "tribute" distracts means from industrial investments. It is possible to formulate a conclusion, that at weakness of the state domination of the organized crime can be better criminal "bespredela", but at the strong state the organized crime is more dangerous, than usual. Therefore worldwide with the organized crime struggle is actively conducted.
Cleanly power methods of struggle against a mafia give the limited result. On the one hand, in the open antagonism with the state any criminal organization inevitably sooner or later suffers defeat (it is possible to recollect history Medel'inskogo of cartel or the Sicilian mafia). However liquidating the concrete criminal boss or the concrete criminal organization, it is impossible to destroy the organized crime. While there is a demand for the criminal goods, the place of the liquidated Mafiosis will be borrowed with new criminals. Therefore now the strategic purpose of law enforcement bodies - not liquidation of the organized crime, and restriction of its activity.
For restraint of a mafia cleanly economic receptions - restriction of "money-laundering" and legalization of criminal crafts are most effective. If it is difficult to mafia to legalize criminal capitals it is more favourable to grown rich criminals to pass in legal business. If the criminal craft becomes legal (as it has occured to prostitution and trade in easy drugs in Holland) the mafia in general loses a source of incomes. However application of both these receptions has restrictions. Completely to stop "money-laundering" it is impossible, as toughening of the control over contributions and remittances brakes development of bank business. It is impossible and to legalize completely all the forbidden goods and services (we shall tell, custom-made murders). Therefore the organized crime still will exist very long as an inevitable harm to which it is possible to limit, but it is impossible to liquidate.
Jury Latov


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Grant Development
Our goal is to assist the College Community to obtain grant funding that contributes to the overall mission of the College. Grant funds are obtained by submitting well-crafted applications to federal and state public agencies, and to private foundations with grant programs.
The Grand Development Team works as internal consultants assisting teams to develop and refine project ideas, construct competitive grant applications, build project budgets, obtain internal authorization for grant applications, and submit grants to funding sources.
- Research and disseminate grant funding opportunities;
- Develop or assist in the development of funding applications;
- Provide technical assistance regarding grant project design, project evaluation, grant budget development and project implementation;
- Facilitate project planning team sessions;
- Assist College leadership in evaluating and prioritizing grant programs;
- Identify and develop external partners necessary for competitive applications;
- Assist with the development of sub-contracts with external grant partners;
- Serve as a clearinghouse for all grant applications to avoid duplication and assure compliance with application requirements
- Initiate and monitor internal grant authorization process;
- Maintain electronic archive of all grant applications;
- Maintain accurate records of current grant resources;
- Research emerging trends and evidence-based practices in higher education to improve quality of grant applications;
- Meet with College Community to identify resource needs;
- Prepare a quarterly newsletter and conduct workshops in grant development;
- Coordinate with the BCC Foundation on grant applications requiring tax-exempt nonprofit organization (501(c)(3)) status
Grant Planning
Grant Development uses a systematic process to plan grant applications. Working with College stakeholders, Grant Development identifies the priorities for new funding and determines which grant applications will require renewal. This information provides Grant Development with a list of key priorities for the coming year to assist in identifying the potential sources to respond to these priorities. An agenda of grant development activities is established to assure that priorities are met in a timely and productive manner.
Partners in the grant process are required to follow a specific process to assure that the Grant Development and other key college personnel are alerted to grants in development, and have sufficient time to assist grant teams in meeting their goals and obtaining internal authorization prior to the grant submission deadline.
Grant team leaders are required to submit the Intent to Develop Grant form to Grant Development to communicate their intent to apply for a for a grant and to request services from Grant Development as soon as this decision is made and no later than 8 weeks prior to the grant application deadline. One week prior to the grant application deadline, the grant team leader must submit the Request for Grant Application Submission Approval form to initiate the internal grant authorization process.
Please review the Grant Procedure Outline to learn more about the grant development requirements at BCC.
More Information

subset: commoncrawl


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I'm thinking about creating a MySpace like community webpage and I believe Drupal can help me with that without me having to know how to code it myself.
Does anybody have any instructions on how do install Drupal properly for XAMPP?
I couldn't find any straight forward instructions over there


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Since the end of the Second World War, its events have been commemorated in a constant succession of new ways. Today, 65 years later, the Jewish Historical Museum and the Hollandsche Schouwburg are opening the gates to the future with three exceptional, innovative projects that provide digital access to the past. On 15 September these projects will be presented at the Hollandsche Schouwburg in Amsterdam.
A unique social network centred on the
With more than 250,000 pages of information about Jewish victims of the Shoah, the Digital Monument to the Jewish Community in the Netherlands is a treasured place of commemoration. It has now become the centre of the interactive Jewish Monument Community, a social network of the victims' family members, neighbours, and classmates, as well as researchers and students. On the website, anyone can look up or contribute facts, photographs, stories, and memories about the victims of the Shoah, building bridges between the postwar generations and their forebears. The result is a living community where the past and present meet. The Jewish Monument Community is open to everyone.
Two monuments merge
At the Hollandsche Schouwburg there is a wall of names, with all 6,700 family names of the Jews from the Netherlands who were murdered during the German occupation. The ikPod, an iPod specially adapted by Mediamatic, links the names on the wall to all the available information about all family members on the Digital Monument website. Visitors can read the names on the wall with the ikPod to learn the individual histories behind them. Visitors to the wall of names can now see information about family situations, addresses, and occupations, supplemented with personal stories and more than 10,000 photographs and documents. This makes the monument interactive and meets the growing need for individual commemoration, in a fitting, dignified manner.
5,000 hours of life stories from the Shoah Visual
History Archive, now available to visitors
With the help of 70 summarizers, the Jewish Historical Museum has made 2,000 eyewitness testimonies from the Visual History Archive of the USC Shoah Foundation Institute in Los Angeles fully searchable. This is the largest oral history archive on the Shoah in the Netherlands and can now be searched in its entirety. The complete archive, assembled on the initiative of Steven Spielberg, consists of nearly 52,000 interviews with survivors of and eyewitnesses to the Shoah from all over the world. From this archive, the Jewish Historical Museum selected 2,000 interviews related to the Netherlands. The interviews can be viewed in the Hollandsche Schouwburg and the Jewish Historical Museum. For an impression of the interviews visit the Resource Centre online.
Program Monuments Now 15 September 2010:
14.30 uur Doors open
15.00 uur Words of welcome from Joël Cahen, director of the Jewish Historical Museum (JHM) and the Hollandsche Schouwburg.
15.05 uur Speakers
- Ed van Thijn, former mayor of Amsterdam
- Stephen Smith, director of the USC Shoah Foundation Institute (o.v.b.).
- Introduction to the three projects in words and images by Lonnie Stegink (head of the Resource Centre, JHM).
- Round table with members of the Jewish Monument Community, led by the journalist Leonard Ornstein.
- Willem Velthoven, chairman of the non-profit organization Mediamatic, who will discuss the ikPod.
15.45 uur Closing words by Joël Cahen.
A reception will follow, with opportunities to view the testimonies in Two Thousand Eyewitnesses Speak, try out the ikPod, and sign up for the Jewish Monument Community.
17.00 uur End of presentation
To register for the presentation or request more information or images, please contact Annelie Spaans, Marketing & Communication Department, Jewish Historical Museum.
T +31 (0)20 5 310 372 or E Communication Department
Hollandsche Schouwburg
Plantage Middenlaan 24
1001 RE Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Open daily from 11.00 to 16.00
You can take metro line 51 or 54 to Waterlooplein, a five-minute walk from the museum, or tram 9 or 14 to Plantage Kerklaan.
The Hollandsche Schouwburg is one of the most important Dutch monuments commemorating the persecution of the Jews. In 1942 and 1943, thousands of Jewish men, women, and children were rounded up there to be deported. More than 100,000 Dutch Jews, out of a total population of 140,000, were murdered in concentration and extermination camps.


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Less than a week away from what used to be a signature event in the WWE and it doesn't feel like Survivor Series is going to give us anything more than a little nudge in terms of changing the landscape of the WWE.
But Ryback in a match with CM Punk and now John Cena is something we can all get behind, even if it was poorly contrived and rethought over and over again.
While we so want this PPV to be like it used to (remember elimination matches, not just one of them?) back in the day when our heroes were more cartoon characters than anything else, this is what has become of the "holiday" PPV put on by the WWE.
If this is a prelude to what Santa has in store for us in December, then maybe we all should rethink our holiday wish list this season.
Here are a few reasons why this is one pay-per-view that needs a little holiday cheer.


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People are talking about "that idiot in the White House"
Life these days in our United States....
(Graphic via Maggie's Farm.)
Story 1: My 81-year-old mother went to see her opthamalogist recently for a checkup. Usually they are pleasant enough with each other, but don't have any extended interaction. This time they got to chatting and the doctor asked my mother what she thought about "all these pronouncements coming out of Washington lately" and my ladylike mother piped up:
"You mean that IDIOT in the White House, Barack Obama?"They had a very surprising and satisfying chat together about what an alarming prospect the government health care takeover is, and how ordinary, individual Americans need to become activists doing everything possible to stop it.
The amazing moral of this story is that my mother in ordinary times would never speak up about politics in a doctor's office or a social or non-family setting. She has never before felt the need to. And neither, I gather, would her doctor have injected political discussion into a medical consultation. This shows how far we are from ordinary times. But an equally amazing reward for my mother and her doctor was the discovery that they agreed with each other, and that something needs to be done, and can be done, by ordinary people speaking out and speaking up.
(Graphic via Instapundit)
Story 2: I received a wonderful gift last week from the 18-year-old friend of my son (and my longtime friend, too): a copy of Mark R. Levin's huge bestseller, Liberty and Tyranny: A Conservative Manifesto. He didn't know it, but I had been waiting quite a while (in vain) for my local public library to buy its first copy of this book so I could borrow it from them and read it. Now I don't have to wait. But more inspiring than even this gift is the fact that young people like my son and his friends are conservatives and libertarians informed about current political events and active and persuasive in making their own reasoned views known. They are alarmed by Obama and the Democrats because they know exactly where such tax-and-spend, statist liberal policies lead--and why the politicians want to lead them there. There is hope for the future thanks to these younger Americans who are learning and not afraid to talk among themselves and across generations.
Story 3: Due to health concerns, I work out with a exercise trainer once a week. Over time as we chatted, we eventually realized we (and his Russian-emigre wife and partner) were long-time admirers of Ayn Rand and opponents of big-government statism. We have commiserated with and encouraged each other as we've seen the Obama administration reveal its philosophical bankruptcy and its corrupt grabbing for power to the intense detriment of our beloved country. Of course, we are no fans of similar trends among the Republicans in Washington, either. What seems unusual to me is that every week we exchange info on new developments, new resources, and new ways we can make a difference by being active and speaking out. As the situation in Washington grows more alarming and more ridiculous, I find my own activism growing too--fueled by the same inspiration in ordinary folks around me. The outspokenness is not just on the internet and the blogs, but in "real life" too, in a way I've never known before.
When there is this much at stake, people are talking, and that will be our salvation, I think.
Sign the Free Our Health Care Now petition.
UPDATE: "Our Parade of Idiots" at The Return of Scipio (via Bookworm, who says yet again, that Obama lies).
Labels: Age of Obama, lies, socialist


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Assistant Professor of Communications Media
Indiana University of Pennsylvania
The Positions: The Department of Communications Media at Indiana University of Pennsylvania; a large, growing, and collegial department; invites applications for three full-time tenure-track faculty position(s) at the rank of Assistant Professor to begin Fall 2013. These vacancies are due to recent faculty retirements and the expansion of departmental programs.
The department is searching for dynamic teacher/scholars in the following specialty areas.
- Specialty 1: TV/Video
The successful candidate will be responsible for teaching courses related to video editing & production, news, and broadcasting. Additionally, this individual will be responsible for supervising the department's student-operated cable television facility, IUP-TV as one quarter of the assigned teaching load.
- Specialty 2: Digital Imagery
The successful candidate will teach courses related to digital imagery including graphic design, digital photography, and multimedia design.
- Specialty 3: Media Relations/Mass Communication
The successful candidate will teach courses related to media relations, mass communication, and promotions.
- Specialty 4: Audio Production
The successful candidate will teach courses related to audio production with a focus on music recording and audio/radio theater and will be familiar with teaching in and utilizing advanced audio production facilities.
- Specialty 5: Games/Simulation/Animation Production
The successful candidate will teach courses related to the design and production of 2D & 3D games, simulations, and animations. This person should be familiar with and utilizing advanced software, such as Maya, and teaching in and utilizing advanced production facilities including a motion capture lab.
In addition to one of the specialties described above, highly sought after candidates may indicate a willingness to supervise the department's summer internship program which includes specific course assignments and time to manage the program as part of the teaching load.
Qualifications: The successful candidates, without exception, must have an earned doctorate in communications or related field at the time of appointment. Highly sought-after candidates will possess a combination of teaching and professional expertise including production where appropriate. Additionally, a record of scholarship and service is preferred. Professional experience will also be taken into consideration. Preliminary interviews may include phone or Skype calls. The candidates must communicate effectively and perform well during the interview process, which will include a teaching demonstration. All applicants must be work eligible and may be assigned to provide instruction through distance education.
Responsibilities: Applicants should be prepared to teach courses at the undergraduate, master's and doctoral levels, supervise doctoral dissertations and research, advise undergraduate students, and engage in departmental and university service.
How to Apply: Complete applications will include letter of application outlining teaching and (if appropriate) production expertise, curriculum vitae, copies of transcripts (official transcripts are required prior to hire), and contact information for three references (letters of recommendation are required prior to hire). Within the cover letter, candidates should state which specialty they prefer but may indicate a willingness to assume a second or third specialty as an alternative. Submit application to Dr. Jim Lenze, Communications Media Search Committee Chairperson. Electronic applications only will be accepted at email@example.com. The review of applications will begin immediately and continue until the position(s) are filled.


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Implications of Microsoft's Zune Buy-out of iTunes Music
Categories: BigMedia v NewTech • DRM Analysis
The current rumour has it that to compete with iTunes, Microsoft's pending Zune service will scan the users' computer for a list of all songs purchased from iTunes and then repurchase the songs in Zune's proprietary format for new Zune customers – effectively buying-out iTunes. In this "Rethinking DRM Dystopia" piece, David Robinson is optimistic about the free market's ability to overcome the lock-in affect of iTunes "Fairplay" DRM system. I am not!
Dale's Comment: I am decidedly less excited about this prospect than Mr. Robinson. If copyright law does require a competitor to "buy-out" users from a competitive service, that only does a disservice to consumers. Once a consumer purchases a song, copyright law should protect that consumer's right to play that song on any device. A system of copyright laws where ONLY the behemoths of an industry can compete hardly leads to innovation and competition. The very fact that, owing to the DMCA, Microsoft may have to resort to such extreme measures in order to compete with iTunes is one of the reasons I created this iMedia law website. This is bad policy, bad for consumers and ultimately bad for the music industry.
Source: David Robinson – Freedom to Tinker


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Skip to comments.Kim Kardashian Strikes a Pose with Jesus
Posted on 02/10/2013 5:26:22 PM PST by Steelfish
Kim Kardashian Strikes a Pose with Jesus The pregnant reality star visited the Christ The Redeemer Statue in Brazil.
Reality TV star Kim Kardashian wears a pink dress while her and boyfriend rapper Kanye West visit the Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio De Janeiro, Feb. 9, 2013.
(Excerpt) Read more at abcnews.go.com ...
Strikes me as a blasphemous pig.
Were going to need a bigger spike said like Chief Brody
To keep that trollop's legs closed
Not even going to give them a click.
It's all about the Benjamin's for that family and they will do anything to be relevant.
Yer 15 minutes are up. Your lifestyle is just so "ick..."
Were there any lightning strikes nearby?
No, because our God is an awesome God.
Who is this freak?
Never mind. I could Google IT.
Well, in fairness it's not REALLY Jesus. It's a statue that somebody constructed that portrays a representation of Jesus that's probably not very accurate anyways. So no harm, no foul.
True, and no words can even scratch the surface of describing just how awesome He truly is.
She and her family are, sadly, the "cultural" icons of today's youth.
Kimmy and Kanye are both extremely talented people; experts in their field. Of course, their field is the study of Stupidity. They mastered it and now guide others.
Say the statue is Mohammed. Let the muzzies take care of the slut.
I feel sorry for the child, born of a trash whore and a foul rapper, the kid hasn't got much of a chance.
Looks as if she is mocking Jesus to me but knowing her it's probably just her mimicking the "statue" behind her for the cameras because she has the mind of a child and no respect for something she's never been taught about only heard about which seems to be the case for most liberals.
There isn't a day that I log onto any computer and the first things I see are Kardashians, Miley Cyrus, Taylor Swifts, Selena Gomez, Jennifer Anniston and the like. Why
are we, as a society, so concerned with these girls? What have I missed?
Everyone has a chance, with Jesus. Praying for that child and the parents. I pray they all three come to know Jesus, and live a life that will bring Him glory.
They are all Obama voters. This is what our taxpayer subsidized educational system has produced. Masses of stupid illiterates, the very base of the Rat Party.
In April of 2000, I was on a business trip to Rio. The last night of the trip, we were on the roof of the hotel. Low-lying fog covered much area but the lighted statue shone brightly over the city. Quite a sight.
I am glad I am not her because of the riskiness of her act. Jesus knows her heart.
I am glad I am not her because of the riskiness of her act. Jesus knows her heart. I pray she's okay.
Please may a meteor strike the planet and take out the Kardashians with it.
Well he may be a mixed race bastard but he'll be well off financially, LOL.
I only recently figured out folks weren't talking about Deep Space Nine characters. Still don't know exactly whose these people are, though.
"...while her and boyfriend rapper Kanye West visit the..."
Just WHERE do these people learn English?
Good prayer! In Jesus Holy Name, Amen!!!
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


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Layered Hairstyle: Easy Way to Add Movement, ShapePosted on March 23rd, 2009 No comments
For every woman that prefers blunt, straight edges to her hair, there are two that swear by their layered haircuts. There's been a lot of change since the badly blended layer haircuts that you can probably picture from the past. Now, you'll find that adding layers to your cut can drastically reduce the time it takes to style it. Layers can be added to any cut and work with every length and hair texture. For thinner hair, they can add volume and lift and for thicker hair, layers help avoid the dreaded "mushroom effect" by reducing weight at the ends. Very curly hair can get too heavy if left one length, layering that type of hair can help give the springy, bouncy curls.
Adding layers to longer hair, even subtle ones, can create a more professional, mature looking style than a one-length cut all around. Layers will also add shape and movement to a haircut. With short hair, layers add fun and can take a cut from boyish to sexy and feminine. Mid-length hairstyles can especially benefit from layering that will add texture and definition to what could otherwise be a dull haircut. Asking your stylist for "face-framing layers" is always a good choice to help accentuate your features even if you don't want a fully layered haircut.
Modern layers blend seamlessly into the rest of the hair and complement the shape of the haircut while making it easier to style certain types of hair. Why? Because layered haircuts are less uniform in general, the more imperfect they look, usually the better whereas one-length hair tends to look messy if not styled properly.
You can work layers into almost every type of haircut and they will complement it beautifully. Even haircuts that have typically been very uniform, blunt styles like a bob haircut look fantastic with layers. Choppy layers with textured edges (think razor cut, not scissor cut) work especially well with a bob and can make it look more modern.
It comes down to personal preference when choosing a layered cut or not. Layered haircuts are definitely more manageable but some women still prefer a straight haircut with very defined edges.Layered bob haircut, choppy layers, hair texture, haircut, Haircuts, Hairstyles, Layered, mid length, short hair
Leave a reply


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Panama Canal may compete with rail rival
According to a recent report in The Financial Times, China is in negotiations over the construction of a 137-mile rail link across Colombia that represents a competitive route. When completed, Chinese exporters could ship finished goods into Latin America while sourcing raw materials for outbound vessel deployment.
in the NewsState of Logistics 2016: Pursue mutual benefit Truckers applaud move to revert to pre-2013 Hours of Service regulations Kion CEO sees further potential for growth from the Dematic acquisition LM Viewpoint 2017: Prepare to be quick and nimble Infrastructure could be a key part of Trump's plan More News
Before shippers make too many long-range plans for the Panama Canal expansion, they may wish to consider the threat posed by an alternative "dry canal."
According to a recent report in The Financial Times, China is in negotiations over the construction of a 137-mile rail link across Colombia that represents a competitive route. When completed, Chinese exporters could ship finished goods into Latin America while sourcing raw materials for outbound vessel deployment.
The news hardly surprised China analyst Rosemary Coates, who told SCMR that the Chinese have been heavily investing in minerals and mining in the area for several years now.
"The Chinese have also built significant infrastructure—schools, roads, electrical—in exchange for mineral rights," she said.
Colombia is the world's fifth largest coal producer, shipping most of its exports through the Atlantic ports despite faster growing demand across the Pacific.
According to The Times, China and Colombia are negotiating over other transport projects, including the construction of a 495-mile railway and expansion of the Pacific port of Buenaventura at a cost of $7.6 billion.
"Obviously this drives the need for economical transportation and logistics where the cost to move such commodities can be up to 50 percent of the product value," said Coates. "It appears from the article that the purpose of this railway is to move commodities but also for commercial/public freight transportation, which would make this type of investment a double home run."
Coates, the author of "42 Rules for Sourcing and Manufacturing in China," noted that China is making similar capital investments in logistical projects in Africa.
For more articles on the Panama Canal, please click here.
About the AuthorPatrick Burnson, Executive Editor Patrick Burnson is executive editor for Logistics Management and Supply Chain Management Review magazines and web sites. Patrick is a widely-published writer and editor who has spent most of his career covering international trade, global logistics, and supply chain management. He lives and works in San Francisco, providing readers with a Pacific Rim perspective on industry trends and forecasts. You can reach him directly at [email protected]
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Article TopicsGlobal Logistics · Ocean Freight · Ocean Shipping · Panama Canal · Transportation ·
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Freedom New Mexico
The military commission system to deal with captured terrorists and suspected terrorists set up by the administration and revised after a 2006 Supreme Court decision has not really been tested yet. Glitches and missteps can be expected.
Nonetheless, the decision by the Pentagon to try six of the people detained at Guantanamo Bay and accused of varying degrees of responsibility for the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001 — even though it will test the system to the limit — is welcome and perhaps overdue.
Among those to be tried are Khalid Sheikh Muhammad, who at various times has bragged about being the mastermind of the 9/11 attacks.
Among the others are his nephew, a man considered to have been his assistant, a man officials have labeled the "20th hijacker," (denied entrance to the country a month before), and two al-Qaida members said to have performed intermediary and training roles.
In addition to the fact that the military commission system is untested (the only case it has been used for ended in a plea bargain), U.S. officials have made certain worldwide attention will be even more intense by asking for the death penalty for all six of those charged.
Add the fact that the CIA just last week admitted that Khalid Sheikh Muhammad (KSM) was one of those subjected to "waterboarding," a simulated-drowning technique most authorities say is torture.
It is unclear whether information coming from those interrogation systems will be admissible.
For these and other reasons the trials will not start for several months. The sooner the better.
It has simply been intolerable that the U.S. government has held so many people in captivity without sending them to trial or even filing charges.
Indefinite detention without trial is a hallmark of a totalitarian system, not a free society. The rule of law means the law applies equally to everyone, from the person accused of the most heinous crime to the highest official.
It's overdue for a comeback.


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Now that it is January, I am making a huge effort to eat super healthy and to take care of myself!
I spotted this amazing table a few weeks ago (actually, a friend and colleague sent it me knowing how much I love fruit & veggies – she sees me consume abnormal amounts each day!) and I can't get it off my mind.
Here's to a healthy January! Do you think that Amy Atlas made this especially for me? Kidding! But, I am not kidding when I say you have to check out more on her site Sweet Designs – love!


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Shame and Blame and Fear (of Divorce)… Oh My!
A couple weeks ago, I wrote an article about the moments I knew my marriage was over. It was originally published on DivorcedMoms.com and was later featured by The Huffington Post. You can read it here.
The piece wasn't the first of mine that's been picked up by The Huffington Post, but judging by the response, I think it was the most popular (and perhaps that's why it was published on the German site as well). Not only did I receive some 'thank you' emails from those who walked a similar path, the article garnered more than 200 comments. Unlike the emails, the comments were rather vicious (if you didn't click above, are you going to click now?).
I didn't read them all, but I skimmed through enough to observe a level of animosity that might have been hurtful if not so ridiculous. I didn't know any of the people on the thread, yet they claimed to know all about me and my relationship. They insisted I was selfish and I was only using my ex. They assumed my ex was a kind and sensitive man who suffered greatly for his efforts to make me happy. Racial and cultural accusations were made. Complete strangers were embarrassed and appalled by/for me. It seems my personal lack of maturity represents everything that's wrong with the world. And (of course!) my marriage could have been successful if only I'd tried harder.
At first, I wondered if I should've told a more comprehensive story. Perhaps those hatemongers would've been more understanding if they knew about the In-The-Future discussions that took place before the engagement. Maybe they wouldn't have assumed everything was my fault if they knew about my ex's affair. If only I'd described…
But I stopped that line of thinking after I recognized it to be a natural desire to shift the blame that was thrust upon me. Vilifying my ex might make me appear more favorable to the judgmental readers, but what good would that do? After all, the comments weren't really about me. The larger issue at play was the public's attitudes about marriage and divorce.
It was obvious when I thought about it: The stories they were telling themselves (and each other) about my character… the accusations about our dedication and preparation…the sympathy for our fictitious children who would have been devastated… the compulsion to shame me for something I'm not at all ashamed of. Those people don't hate me at all. Instead, they hate Divorce. Their reactions to my story indicate their fear of such an atrocity.
(But, don't they get it?)
The hate-filled comments represent the reason people choose to suffer in silence instead of walking away from abusive and otherwise unhealthy partnerships. This is why many grow up to repeat the same destructive relationships they witnessed as children. An "intact" marriage isn't necessarily a productive one.
Furthermore, the hate-filled comments represent the reason a large number of individuals endure painful and contentious divorces. The shame/blame cycle is initially ignited by external onlookers.
Can't we all just get along? Why do we feel personally threatened by the choices others make? Is Divorce really so scary?
I could probably write several hundred words about Buddhist philosophies relating to attachments, expectations and suffering. In short: to maximize happiness, we need to let go of expectations. Attachments to the expectation (that marriage must last forever), fear (of divorce) and hatred (for those who walk a different path) only brings suffering.
It would be nice if fairy tales represented reality and couples could simply ride off into the sunset and spend Forever being happy together. But that's not reality. Instead, people grow. Goals shift. Dreams change. And shit happens. We're not cartoon characters; we're human beings. Each one of us is beautiful, unique and perfectly imperfectly designed to learn and grow appropriately on Life's Journey. And that's wonderful! Why is it so hard to accept?
Divorce alone is hard enough without the societal pressures that come with it. I long for the day when our communities can embrace personal growth and the evolution of families for the highest good of all individuals (without personal judgments about the chosen course of action).
Just for fun… here are some appropriate lyrics for the topic:
Mad Skywriting, by Bonfire Madigan
"I am changing my name,
I am burning my past
I am laying yesterday to rest at last
I am owning these actions
and setting them aflame
I am not sorry for who I am
or who you wanted me to be…"
"…And the haters gonna hate, hate, hate, hate, hate
Baby I'm just gonna shake, shake, shake, shake, shake
I shake it off, I shake it off…"


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Fishing The Sarosota Area
We are going to Sarosota over Spring Break next week. Wonder if anyone has any recommendations for wadeable access in the area? I may be taking my son a 4 nephews as well. We will throw anything we manage to catch back.
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Enter your Email address:
Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed
to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without
your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy.
Evangelista, Laura MD, PhD*; Zattoni, Fabio MD†; Guttilla, Andrea MD†; Saladini, Giorgio MD*; Zattoni, Filiberto MD†; Colletti, Patrick M. MD‡; Rubello, Domenico MD§
Aim: The increase of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RP) or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is the most sensitive tool for detecting prostate cancer (PCa) recurrence, although this measure cannot distinguish between local, regional, or distant recurrence. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 18F-choline and 11C-choline PET or PET/CT in detection of locoregional or distant metastases in PCa.
Materials and Methods: Medline, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar search was carried out in order to select English-language articles dealing with diagnostic performance of both 18F-choline and 11C-choline PET for the detection of PCa recurrence after RP or EBRT. Articles were included only if absolute numbers of true-positive, true-negative, false-positive, and false-negative test results were available or derivable from the text and regarded local, lymph node, and distant metastases. Reviews, clinical reports, and editorial articles were excluded. All complete studies were re-analyzed thus performing a quantitative analysis.
Results: From the years 2000 to 2012, we found 53 complete articles that critically evaluated the role of choline PET in restaging patients with PCa recurrence. The meta-analysis was carried out and dealt with 19 selected studies (12 studies for all sites of disease, 3 for lymph node metastases, and 4 for local recurrence), with a total of 1555 patients. The meta-analysis provided a pooled sensitivity of 85.6% (95% CI: 82.9%–88.1%) and pooled specificity of 92.6% (95% CI: 90.1%–94.6%) for all sites of disease (prostatic fossa, lymph nodes, and bone), a pooled sensitivity of 75.4% (95% CI: 66.9%–82.6%) and pooled specificity of 82% (95% CI: 68.6%–91.4%) for prostatic fossa recurrence, and a pooled sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 90.5%–100%) and pooled specificity of 81.8% (95% CI: 48.2%–97.7%) for lymph node metastases. The heterogeneity ranged between 0.00% and 88.6%. The diagnostic odds ratios were 62.123 (95% CI: 24.783–155.72), 5.869 (95% CI: 1.818–18.946), and 138.57 (95% CI: 11.27–1703.8), respectively, for all sites of disease, local recurrence, and lymph node disease.
Conclusions: Choline PET and PET/CT represent high sensitivity and specificity techniques for the detection of locoregional and distant metastases in PCa patients with recurrence of disease. Moreover, a high diagnostic odds ratio was found for the identification of lymph node disease in patients with biochemical recurrence of PCa.
© 2013 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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Top DUI News, Monday, January 20th, 2014
Criminal Dispositions: Jan. 18, 2014
Muscatine Journal Jan 18 03:45pm
Editor's note: Following are recent dispositions of Muscatine County criminal court cases other than simple misdemeanors (also includes operating while intoxicated, OWI).
Criminal Dispositions: Jan. 17, 2014
Muscatine Journal Jan 17 03:45pm
Editor's note: Following are recent dispositions of Muscatine County criminal court cases other than simple misdemeanors (also includes operating while intoxicated, OWI).
Suspected OWI driver hits cyclist, then vehicle
Manitowoc Herald Times Reporter Jan 19 02:06pm
A 56-year-old Manitowoc man escaped serious injury after he was hit by a suspected 20-year-old drunk driver from Manitowoc and went through the car's windshield Saturday night, according to a news release from Lt. Matt Wallander of the Manitowoc Police Department.
Owi - News Images
[Lawyers, prosecutor's office struggle to reach plea deal for David Bisard's DUI sentencing - WRTV - Indianapolis Scripps via Yahoo! News]
Janesville man faces 4th OWI charge
WISC-TV Madison Jan 19 07:12am
A Janesville man was arrested on charges for his fourth-offense operating while intoxicated Sunday morning, according to a release. An officer conducted a traffic stop near North Parker and East Memorial drives with Thomas M. Mann, 43, officials said. Mann had a revoked license and showed signs of intoxication. Police said Mann failed field sobriety tests and his initial blood alcohol content ...
OWI patrols out in force over holidays
FOX 11 Green Bay Dec 23 08:22am
Thinking about drinking and driving over the holidays? Think again. Area law enforcement agencies will be out in force with OWI patrols.
Conflict arises over Bisard OWI sentence
WRTV Indianapolis Jan 14 11:24am
Lawyers worked Tuesday to reach a plea deal for a 2013 OWI for former police officer David Bisard, who was also convicted last year for a 2010 crash that took one life and injured two other people. There was one hiccup with the proceedings.
Pot odor leads to 8th OWI charge for Janesville man, police say
WISC-TV Madison Jan 18 01:57pm
Police said a Janesville man was charged with his eighth-offense OWI after an officer smelled pot coming from him. The Janesville Police Department said it received a complaint about a vehicle driving recklessly on the city's south side Friday at 5:35 p.m. Officers spotted the vehicle on the 2100 block of South Walnut Street getting stuck in a snow bank after making a U-turn. Officers smelled a ...
OWI charge dropped for Appleton bus driver
The Appleton Post-Crescent Jan 07 02:25am
An Appleton bus driver arrested for OWI in October had his drunken driving case dismissed but was found guilty of a related charge.
Editorial: Court needs to get tougher on OWI offenders
Opelousas Daily World Jan 15 12:25pm
Impaired drivers were involved in three of five crashes in Acadiana that claimed the lives of 10 people over the recent holiday season.
Ex-mayor jailed in Wisconsin after OWI conviction
TMJ4 Milwaukee Jan 18 06:45am
A former mayor of Duluth, Minn., and Superior, Wis., is jailed in southern Wisconsin after being convicted of second-offense operating while intoxicated.
Back to Colorado DUI Front Page


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|By Tkdgal (Tkdgal) on Sunday, June 20, 2004 - 12:32 pm: Edit
Hey! This year I took US History 1, which only covers through reconstruction. Is is possible for me to self-study US History 2 (I plan on taking AP next year) and get a good (750+) score? Thanks a lot.
|By Mrbesch (Mrbesch) on Sunday, June 20, 2004 - 01:44 pm: Edit
Yeah, get 2 books. Get the PR AP book, and get Barron's SAT II U.S History book. The PR book is perfect for an overview of everything, and the Barron's book is much more in depth. Read both of the reviews. I read most of the Barron's review a day before the test and got a 770.
|By Xjay2max (Xjay2max) on Sunday, June 20, 2004 - 02:10 pm: Edit
I heard Sparknotes helps immensely for SAT II U.S. History. I need a 750+ SAT II score for my application, so I decided to take this exam. (I am a senior next year). I heard Barron's doesn't focus much on social history, which accounts for 35% of the exam.
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What's in Your Wallet?
by Robert H. Miller | Posted January 07, 2012
Am I the only one troubled by so-called loyalty cards — those wallet-fattening, discount-generating, grocery store-checkout minor irritants? When the cards were first introduced at my local Safeway I was urged to sign up, with the slogan, "The savings are in the card!"
Well, I was skeptical, but I decided to look into it. Right from the start, I was turned off by the information required on the application. It also seemed to me that — as The Economist pointed out in its November 5 issue — the expense of setting up and running rewards programs increases a retailer's overhead. So I asked the attendant (usually busy manning a checkout till, but now temporarily signing up rewards card customers instead) how increased overhead could generate discounts?She stared at me blankly.
One chief executive from a Canadian firm that runs a card scheme explains, "The real value-added (from loyalty cards) is the data." As The Economist further elaborates, "By cleverly using the information collected when customers' cards are swiped at checkouts, the companies can offer them well-targeted discounts. Even small shifts in buying habits, multiplied by very large numbers of customers, can provide a welcome boost to profits."
I'm not convinced. And neither is Wal-Mart, the world's largest retailer, which proclaims (through Asda, its British subsidiary): "No Clubcard. No gimmicks. Just lower prices every day."
Unwilling to sign up at Safeway, I switched to buying groceries at Albertson's, which at the time had no loyalty cards. But it wasn't long before both Albertson's and Fry's (Kroger's) — the only other alternatives in Prescott, my home town — also jumped on the bandwagon. What to do?
Club cards come in two forms: a credit card-sized rendition and a key chain-tag mini-card. One day, through sheer luck, I found a dropped mini-card in the Albertson's parking lot. Voila! Now I could cash in on discounts without revealing personal information.
On my next trip to the grocery store, my favorite checkout gal noticed I'd acquired a loyalty card. She kidded me about capitulating. I told her I'd found the card. So she asked me what the big deal was. I told her I was very skeptical about the whole card concept, explaining that I couldn't understand how additional overhead could generate discounts, and that I objected to providing personal data and purchasing habits. I summed it up by saying, "Adolf Hitler would have loved to find out who was buying kosher food."
She responded diplomatically: "I never thought of it that way."
Then, just as suddenly as it had adopted them, Albertson's dropped its loyalty card program in Arizona. However, they continue the scheme in Nevada — a sure sign of corporate ambivalence.
Somewhat defeating the purpose of the program is another fast-spreading policy among card issuers: complementary card swiping. Many chains, including ones in Canada, now authorize checkout attendants to swipe loyalty cards for tourists, visitors, and folks who forget their card. All a customer needs to do is ask.
When Wal-Mart finally opened up a supercenter in Prescott, it was a mixed blessing. The city council threatened to use eminent domain to evict recalcitrant lease holders from their property to make room for the Wal-Mart. One council member condemned the abuse of eminent domain but justified the council's actions by rationalizing that eminent domain would not actually be used — just threatened.
But that's another story. At least now Prescott has some card-free choices.
Robert H. Miller is a builder, outdoor adventure guide, and author of Kayaking the Inside Passage: A Paddler's Guide from Olympia, Washington to Muir Glacier, Alaska.
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Richard Massey
Several years ago Vonn's in California had a customer slip, fall and injure himself in their parking lot. The customer sued so Vonn's attorney checked up on what the customer purchased at the store. It seems that he customer had at times purchased beer. The defense was that the customer was a drunk and caused the accident himself. Big brother is watching.
Mon, 2012-01-09 22:40
michael christian
I hate those cards too. Add to your list of markets that don't use them Trader Joe's and Whole Foods.
Sun, 2012-01-08 23:03
Jon Harrison
I'm with you, Mr. Miller. Now please let us have your take on the abuse of eminent domain.
Sun, 2012-01-08 20:34
Jim Henshaw
"One council member condemned the abuse of eminent domain but justified the council's actions by rationalizing that eminent domain would not actually be used — just threatened."
That council member is not very bright. Threatening to seize property using eminent domain IS using eminent domain. Their logic is similar to "Sure, I pointed a gun at them and they gave me money, but I didn't fire the gun, so I didn't use a gun to commit armed robbery. Heck, since they handed the money over voluntarily, it wasn't even robbery."
Sat, 2012-01-07 15:26
You know you don't have to give them any of your real information, don't you? I've always just given randon name, address phone number and gotten the card.
And complaining to low level employees who have absolutely no say, or benefit of any policy? What's that about? If you really want to whine, call the district/regional managers office. Not the customer service associate making $7.50/hr. part-time.
It's just a way of making a higher margin off people who don't want to get the card. And try to get more repeat business. It's not the tri-lateral commisson at work.
Tue, 2012-01-17 12:39
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langauge:Find link is a tool written by Edward Betts.
searching for Extreme Rock Climbing 2 found (4 total)
alternate case: extreme Rock Climbing
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case mismatch in snippet
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glacier. Bhagirathi III, in particular, has seen some of the most extreme rock climbing in the Himalaya. H. Adams Carter, "Classification of the Himalaya"LeisureDome, Weston-super-Mare (377 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1,237 square metres (13,310 sq ft) for restaurants. The planned Extreme Rock Climbing Centre will include lead climbing, top roping, bouldering and competition


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What are you most proud of? With both of my shawls knit for this course I kind of broke the rules regarding yarn choice. Neither choice should have worked with the pattern, but somehow both turned out really nice. I think this pattern is actually really great for variegated yarn; the fan-shape of the repeated motif breaks up pooling nicely, and the motif isn't so involved that the color detracts from it. I was very pleasantly surprised. What advice would you give someone starting this project? This is a really great beginners lace project. I found it slightly dull, but since it was easy to memorize I had no problem knitting it and multi-tasking. Also, I used significantly less yarn than the pattern predicted, so I probably could have gotten away with another repeat or so.
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Even in the most impressive new terminals, there will always be bustle, queuing and waiting around. What happened to the excitement of travel?
Discover a smarter way to depart with the award-winning No1 airport lounge collection and put the glamour back into flying, regardless of your airline or class of travel.
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Stewart's Tight Car Leads to Top-20 at Bristol
Where all the best fan are!
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Stewart's Tight Car Leads to Top-20 at Bristol
Mon Mar 21, 2011 9:58 am
Stewart's Tight Car Leads to Top-20 at Bristol
Posted: 20 Mar 2011 05:40 PM PDT
Photo by Jared C. Tilton/Getty Images for NASCAR
After three strong outings in the season's first three races, Tony Stewart and the No. 14 Office Depot/Mobil 1 team of Stewart-Haas Racing (SHR) had high expectations heading to the high-banked, half-mile oval that is Bristol (Tenn.) Motor Speedway. But those expectations were brought back down to Earth when Stewart finished 19th in Sunday's Jeff Byrd 500 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race.
"We just never really got the handling right during the race," said Stewart, who managed to set quick time in practice on Saturday. "We felt good going into the race, and even though the car didn't feel great at the start – like it was up on top of the racetrack – we were decent enough to run in the top-10.
"But it took awhile for the car to balance itself out. It just started off way too tight, and then when I'd come off the corner and go across where the rubber had built up, it was just too loose. We tried to adjust it, but at the end we were plowing tight. Pretty frustrating, really."
Stewart started the 500-lap contest from 13th in the 43-car field and rose to as high as fourth after a savvy call by crew chief Darian Grubb for right-side tires only during the team's first pit stop on lap 53. Stewart wasn't able to stay in the top-five after the lap-57 restart, but he only dropped to ninth as his SHR teammate, Ryan Newman, led laps 58-83.
But as the event wore on, staying within the top-10 became a challenge. And with a blistering pace being set by the leaders that saw only 20 cars on the lead lap with 100 circuits remaining, staying on the lead lap became difficult.
Stewart went a lap down briefly, but a timely caution on lap 429 earned him the "lucky dog," the free pass that goes to the first car one lap down. But with only 65 laps to go with the leaders turning 16-second lap times around the .533-mile oval, Stewart and his ill-handling racecar were in no position to make any gains. They finished 19th, the last car on the lead lap.
Newman, driver of the No. 39 Tornados Chevrolet Impala for SHR, finished 10th to notch his third top-10 finish of 2011 and his 11th top-10 in 19 career Sprint Cup starts at Bristol.
Kyle Busch won the Jeff Byrd 500 to score his 20th career Sprint Cup victory, his first of the season and his fifth at Bristol. Busch has won five consecutive NASCAR events at Bristol. He won yesterday's NASCAR Nationwide Series race, and last August swept the Sprint Cup, Nationwide and Camping World Truck Series races.
Carl Edwards finished .946 of a second behind Busch in the runner-up spot, while Jimmie Johnson, Matt Kenseth and Paul Menard rounded out the top-five. Kevin Harvick, Kurt Busch, Greg Biffle, Kasey Kahne and Newman comprised the remainder of the top-10.
There were 10 caution periods for 57 laps, with seven drivers failing to finish.
With round four of 36 complete, Stewart and Newman are tied for third in the Sprint Cup championship point standings. Each driver has 138 points and is 12 markers back of leader Kurt Busch.
The next event on the Sprint Cup schedule is the March 27 Auto Club 400 at Auto Club Speedway in Fontana, Calif., where Stewart is the series' most recent winner. The race starts at 3 p.m. EDT with live coverage provided by FOX beginning with its pre-race show at 2:30 p.m.
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Re: Stewart's Tight Car Leads to Top-20 at Bristol
Wed Mar 23, 2011 8:08 am
Good morning I see de competition. Well hope with him take a way, the car is a thing in the check, test and racing with other driver.
The race is very close, and the camber, spesor asphalt that de drivers sets is no same in the test, There is consideration because the car is fine, the team is great.
But I must admit that I fell asleep in the lap 54. I suggest the computer simulate track conditions with previous competitions,and test in real time is more effort, but will be worth
I will be council devil, Kyle had better performace... BUT HSR IS MY MEN PREFER.
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INGREDIENTS:3 cups dry red wine 3 cups cranberry juice 3 cups water 14 ounces sugar 4 4-inch cinnamon sticks 2 tsp. vanilla 8 pounds strawberries, stemmed and quartered 4 ounces cornstarch 3/4 cup water 2 tsp. lemon juice 1 cup plain yogurt 24 mint sprigsDIRECTIONS:In large saucepan, heat to boiling the wine, cranberry juice, and water. Mix in sugar, cinnamon sticks, and vanilla. Mix in 4 pounds of the strawberries. Mix cornstarch with 3/4 cup water, and stir into juice mixture. Mix in ...
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Sutton wins Blue Innovation Award
Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts announced last week that the Town of Sutton is one of the winners of its sixth annual Municipal Blue Innovation Awards.
The award was presented along with a $5,000 wellness grant. Sutton receives its benefits through the Massachusetts Interlocal Insurance Association (MIIA), the nonprofit insurance arm of the Massachusetts Municipal Association.
The Municipal Blue Innovation Awards are designed to highlight "new and inventive cost containment measures, collaborative and customized worksite wellness programs, and innovative health plan designs utilized by municipalities throughout the state," according to the program.
Town employees also formed a wellness committee that is working with MIIA and Blue Cross to implement long term targeted programs to help employees. Sutton will apply the $5,000 wellness grant to expand on its existing wellness initiatives.


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UPS 767 waiting on N1 for departure in beautiful light [1200px]
Arriving into SAN in an early evening light. One of very little heavies at SAN.
A UPS 767-300F excellerating for take off on a very wet runway in Miami.
On short final for RWY 31L during some wonderful winter light after a snow fall


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|The Bulletin
of the Center for Children's Books
|The Big Picture, a
regular Bulletin feature both on-line and off, is an in-depth
look at selected new titles and trends. See the
archive for selections from previous months.
Cover image from Annexed
©2010. Used by permission of Houghton Mifflin Books for Children.
This page was last updated on November 1, 2010.


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Les Miles and his LSU coaching staff have been on a role lately.
The Tigers have received seven verbal commitments over the past month, including a big one this past weekend.
LSU has now received 17 commitments for their talented 2013 recruiting class, and there isn't any signs of slowing down. Miles and his staff are still actively pursing several 4- and 5-star talents as national signing day inches closer every day.
Of the Tigers' 17 commitments, 12 of them are ranked as 4-star prospects according to rivals.com. That right there has put LSU in position to have one of the top 2013 recruiting classes in the nation, and it's still early in the summer.
So, who are newly committed studs pledging to wear purple and gold in 2013?
Let's catch up with LSU's seven newest commitments—right here, right now!


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Katherine Heigl To Adopt A Baby From Haiti?
Katherine Heigl is planning to expand her family with another child - she's hoping to adopt a baby from earthquake-ravaged Haiti.
The Knocked Up star became a first-time mother last September, when she and her husband Josh Kelly adopted daughter Naleigh from Korea.
Heigl admits she's so happy with her role as a new mom, she wants to bring another child into the family - and she's considering heading to Haiti to help the youngsters who lost their parents in January's devastating tremor.
She tells Germany's Gala magazine, "We would like to have a second child - adopted or biological. We're not ruling it out. Just look at Haiti. They're so many parent-less children. It breaks my heart. I want to help."
Click Here For More Katherine Heigl Pictures


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As Mizzou head football coach Gary Pinkel celebrated his team's victory against Indiana this past Saturday, he quietly moved into a tie with former coach Dan Devine for all-time wins as coach of the Tigers.
But don't try to get Pinkel to get caught up in the moment.
"I don't ever, ever think about that stuff," Pinkel said, per the Kansas City Star. "I just don't ever do that. I'm the coach here and I want to stay the coach here and keep winning and fulfill the responsibility I had when I took this job."
True that Devine was able to accomplish the feat in fewer games, but what Pinkel has done with Missouri is one of the great unsung feats of college football in the 2000s.
Two winning seasons in the past 18 years was what Pinkel took over when he succeeded Larry Smith. But now with players from Mizzou flooding into the NFL, recruits are seeing Missouri as a hot destination to up their chances of going pro.
How has it all happened? How exactly did Pinkel steer the ship back on course?


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JourneySpace - Sizzling Salsa Beginners (Friday)
Friday, December 23, 2016 from 8:05 PM to 9:05 PM (EST)
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Event Details
Friday nights at JourneySpace. And it's going to be a party! Bring your family and friends, kids too. 12 to 100 year olds can participate in the class, all others can watch. Partners and experience not needed.
Admission for this class is $15, existing unlimited members & kids free.
In this class you will learn the basics of Salsa aka Mambo and in no time you will be hitting the dance floor in style!
Don't Miss the Party! Join Us for Salsa Friday nights 8:05pm to 9:05pm.
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Friday, December 23, 2016 from 8:05 PM to 9:05 PM (EST)
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Where Every Body Can Move!
JourneySpace is an intimate and affordable movement studio offering...
Vinyasa Yoga, Zumba Fitness, Ballet Barre, and JourneyDance in Washington Heights at 220 Cabrini Boulevard (entrance at 186th Street)
Our mission is to make wellness of the mind & body fun and accessible for everyone


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Issue 14 Doubles Summer 2004
Artist Project / Quick-Start Guide for Double Detection
Yevgeniy Fiks and Ivan Razumov
Yevgeniy Fiks is a New York-based interdisciplinary artist and writer. He has written for Moscow Art Magazine, Flash Art, Tema Celeste, and Artmargins.
Ivan Razumov is an artist working in Moscow. He has recently exhibited at the Russian Academy of Fine Arts (Moscow), the Museum of the New Academy of Fine Arts (St. Petersburg), and the Stedelijk Museum (Amsterdam). Razumov is also known for his illustrations for fiction and non-fiction books
Cabinet is published by Immaterial Incorporated, a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization. Cabinet receives generous support from the Lambent Foundation, the Orphiflamme Foundation, the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, the Opaline Fund, the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs, the National Endowment for the Arts, the New York State Council on the Arts, the Danielson Foundation, the Katchadourian Family Foundation, and many individuals. All our events are free, the entire content of our many sold-out issues are on our site for free, and we offer our magazine and books at prices that are considerably below cost. Please consider supporting our work by making a tax-deductible donation by visiting here.
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