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Borrelli, Francesca PhD*; Capasso, Raffaele PharmD*; Aviello, Gabriella PharmD*; Pittler, Max H. MD, PhD†; Izzo, Angelo A. PhD*
OBJECTIVE: Conventional antiemetics are burdened with the potential of teratogenic effects during the critical embryogenic period of pregnancy. Thus, a safe and effective medication would be a welcome addition to the therapeutic repertoire. This systematic review was aimed at assessing the evidence for or against the efficacy and safety of ginger (Zingiber officinale) therapy for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.
DATA SOURCES: Systematic literature searches were conducted in 3 computerized databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library), and the reference lists of all papers located were checked for further relevant publications.
METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: For the evaluation of efficacy, only double-blind, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. All retrieved clinical data, including uncontrolled trials, case reports, observational studies, and RCTs, were included in the review of safety.
TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Six double-blind RCTs with a total of 675 participants and a prospective observational cohort study (n = 187) met all inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of 4 of 5 RCTs was high. Four of the 6 RCTs (n = 246) showed superiority of ginger over placebo; the other 2 RCTs (n = 429) indicated that ginger was as effective as the reference drug (vitamin B6) in relieving the severity of nausea and vomiting episodes. The observational study retrieved and RCTs (including follow-up periods) showed the absence of significant side effects or adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes. There were no spontaneous or case reports of adverse events during ginger treatment in pregnancy.
CONCLUSION: Ginger may be an effective treatment for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. However, more observational studies, with a larger sample size, are needed to confirm the encouraging preliminary data on ginger safety
© 2005 The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
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There's a farmer in New Jersey who grows remarkable heritage varieties of cranberries. Johanna Kolodny wants to reach her.The farmer doesn't have e-mail, however, and her new cell phone doesn't deliver voice messages. It just lets her know the phone numbers of people who called."She calls you back if she wants to," said Kolodny, who recently was hired by Print, a new restaurant in New York's Ink 48 hotel, as the on-staff forager."I'm trying to track her down," she added.Kolodny doesn't ...
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Past Extra Credits
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If President Bush's 2004 proposed education budget is enacted, Title I funding will have increased 41 percent since No Child Left Behind was signed into law.
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Last Modified: 08/23/2003


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Dynamic Plaques - FVT Plaques
FVT Plaques is introducing new dynamic plaques to recognize police and sheriff's...
The bodies of six Port Authority police officers were found early Saturday morning in the World Trade Center ruins near the remains of a woman they apparently were trying to rescue. The bodies of the officers were found in the lobby of the second tower to collapse, 1 World Trade Center, suggesting they probably already had been ordered to evacuate. Next to the officers, recovery crews found an obese woman still strapped into a rescue chair. The six officers were Capt. Kathy Mazza of South Farmingdale, New York; Lt. Robert Cirri of Nutley, New Jersey; Chief James Romito of Westwood, New Jersey; and officers James Parham of Jackson Heights, Queens, Stephen Huczko of Hampton, New Jersey, and Paul Laszczynski of Paramus, New Jersey. Five of the officers were uncovered shortly after 4 a.m. on Saturday, after an earth-moving machine exposed part of one of their blue uniforms. Laszczynski was found a couple hours later, a Port Authority spokesman said. The woman in the chair has not yet been identified.
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In my original post I stated that the upper bound was it is in fact , and here's the proof you requested jamix:
Theorem: Let be a Carmichael number with r,s, and t prime. Without loss of generality, we assume that . The following then hold:
Proof: Let be a Carmichael number of three factors. We know that for i = {1,2,3}. We can then see that:
These imply that:
for any
for any
Since we said that we can then say that , in particular:
contradicts the primality of s.
Same for q and 1(t - 1).
So, we get:
Putting the equation for t into the equation for s, we get:
This implies that:
This gives you:
This result tells you that because the opposite yields and
which is not in .
We are then going to say that because and
This will then give us:
It is common in most proofs to now review by using positive real numbers x, y , and z where , we then have:
Since we assumed that we have hence . We can then say that:
This gives us:
Assertion 1.
From and we get:
Assertion 2.
And finally, we get:
Assertion 3.
As desired. Pardon my horrible symbols, that's how I write it down... Sorry about that.


text:
Larissa "Lacey" Lown, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Steven Lown of Hilliard, was married to Matthew Handford, son of Sara Miller of Hilliard and the late Chuck Handford, on May 31, 2014, at First Community Church in Marble Cliff. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. James Long.
The maids of honor were Laura Lown and Lindsay Lown, cousins of the bride. Bridesmaids were Erin Gadda, Faith Ferbrache and Samantha Palmer.
The best man was Will Handford, brother of the groom. Groomsmen were Cole Friend; Tony Marette; Bill Davis; Austin Miller, stepbrother of the groom; Patrick Lown, brother of the bride; and Max Lown, twin brother of the bride.
The bride graduated from Miami University. She is employed with the Nestle USA Quality Assurance Laboratory.
The groom graduated from Ohio State University. He is a graduate research assistant pursuing doctorate studies at OSU.
The couple took a wedding trip to Cancun, Mexico.
They reside in Hilliard.


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I had a great week this week! I got some amazing gifts, quite a few signed books, and some that I've already read this week and really enjoyed. I went to a Melvin Burgess/William Nicholson event on Wednesday with Keris Stainton, which consisted of a 'Sex in Teen Lit' talk and a signing. It was really good - very interesting and funny. I bought a new copy of Doing It to get signed, and also got my copies of Junk, Rich and Mad and Della Says: OMG! signed (Thanks for this last one, Keris!).
- Angel Star by Jennifer Murgia (Blog tour)
- Of Witches and Warlocks: The Trouble With Spells by Lacey Weatherford (Want more info? Click here).
- Folly by Marthe Jocelyn
- Infinity by Sarah Dessen (Short story)
- Alison Dare: The Heart of the Maiden by J. Torres & J. Bone (June blog tour)
- Triskellion by Will Peterson
- The Named by Marianne Curley
- The Dark by Marianne Curley
- The Key by Marianne Curley
- No Moon by Irene Watts
- Now by Morris Gleitzman (Yay!)
- The Maharajah's Monkey by Natasha Narayan
- Alison Dare: Little Miss Adventures by J. Torres & J. Bone (June blog tour)
- The Spook's Curse by Joseph Delaney
- The Magic Thief: Found by Sarah Prineas
- Girl 16: Five Star Fiasco by Sue Limb (UK proof/ARC)
- Wasted by Nicola Morgan
- Monstroso by Charlie Higson (Short story)
- Me & Death by Richard Scrimger
- Monsters of Men by Patrick Ness
- The Host by Stephenie Meyer (US paperback with a new chapter!)
- Before I Fall by Lauren Oliver (Signed. Thank you so much, Lauren! You ROCK!)
- The Toymaker by Jeremy De Quidt (Thanks Sammee!)
- Castle of Shadows by Ellen Renner (Signed. Thanks Luisa! :) )


text: I know of flowers that raise below the snow to become the freshest , most beautiful of the upcoming spring. I know of others that couldn't care less about the quality of the soil they grow from, as long as they have sunshine water. In photography, they are equivalents. LUZ photo agency, created from the … Read More →


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- G Living | Dark Twisted Space Monkies Go Green - http://gliving.com -
May I Be Frank Documentary | Raw Food Powered Transformation 4 Years in the Making
Posted By G Monkie On September 1, 2011 @ 12:00 am In G/Videos,GreenChef Foodie Talk | 6 Comments
Possibly an interesting documentary by our friends over at Café Gratitude. I have to be honest, I say possibly, because I haven't seen it yet. I have only seen the trailer but the trailer alone made me want to post about it. I love when people turn their lives around and find happiness on the other side. Congratulations to Cary, Ryland, Conor and Gregg for bringing May I be Frank to life.
New York Times: "May I Be Frank," by Cary Mosier, Ryland Engelhart, Conor Gaffney and Gregg Marks, at S.F. DocFest. This film came about by accident: when Frank Ferrante, a depressed and overweight New Yorker, ate at Café Gratitude, a feel-good vegan and raw food restaurant, he did not imagine the effect that meal would have on his life. But after Mr. Ferrante, a divorced drug addict with hepatitis C, declared to three young male managers at the restaurant that he wanted to fall in love again, they set out to change his life and took a camera along.
Over the course of 42 days, the Café Gratitude workers put Mr. Ferrante through a regimen of wheat grass, colonics and touchy-feely advice. The New Age jargon may put off some viewers, but Mr. Ferrante proves to be a compelling on-screen presence: at once honest and manipulative, hopeful and frustrating.
Article printed from G Living | Dark Twisted Space Monkies Go Green: http://gliving.com
URL to article: http://gliving.com/may-i-be-frank-documentary-raw-food-powered-transformation-4-years-in-the-making/
Click here to print.
Copyright © 2010 G Living | Modern Green Lifestyle Blog (Darker Side Of Green). All rights reserved.


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Using Identity to Prevent Fraud in the Cloud
By Naresh Persaud-Oracle on Dec 07, 2011
Security is often the number one barrier to companies adopting the Cloud for their "Tier 1" applications. To reduce the barrier, Oracle On-Demand Cloud Services now offers adaptive access and fraud detection based on Oracle Identity Management technology. Register for this webcast on Jan 17th at 10am PST to learn how.
Marc Boroditsky Vice President of Identity Product Management and Gail Coury Vice President of Risk and Security for Oracle On-Demand will discuss how Identity Management is not only a platform for achieving regulatory compliance, it is also a platform for building your cloud. In this session Marc and Gail will discuss how to:
- Maintain control of your data across multiple on-premise and cloud environments
- Evaluate cloud providers to meet your specific requirements for security and risk management
- Apply authentication and identity management solutions and expertise from the online banking industry for improved protection and fraud mitigation
Marc Boroditsky, Vice President Product Management, Oracle Identity Management
Gail Coury, Vice President Risk and Security, Oracle On-Demand


text:
DWI Arrests. Vance Kinslow, 52, of Camden, was charged May 8 with driving while intoxicated. Officer Frank Bal said he responded to an accident on Route 1 South at Fisher Place and found that Kinslow was intoxicated. He was also charged with careless driving for rear-ending the other car involved in the accident. The driver of the other car reported minor injuries. Both cars sustained minor damage.
Jonathan Henry Scala, 26, of Allentown, was charged May 6 with driving while intoxicated. Officer Michael McMahon said he stopped him on New Village Road at Edinburg Road for running a red light and found him to be intoxicated. He was also charged with reckless driving, a red light violation, and possession of an open container of alcohol in a motor vehicle.


text:
Home List of Titles Enhancement of pulmonary clearance of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis following immunization with outer membrane protein CD in a mouse model
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/227436
- Title
- Enhancement of pulmonary clearance of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis following immunization with outer membrane protein CD in a mouse model
- Author(s)
- Murphy, Timothy F.; Kyd, Jennelle M.; John, Anna; Kirkham, Charmaine; Cripps, Allan W.
- Abstract
- Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis is an important human respiratory tract pathogen. Outer membrane protein (OMP) CD is highly conserved among strains and has characteristics that indicate it may be an effective vaccine antigen. This study investigated the effect of immunization with OMP CD on pulmonary clearance following intratracheal challenge of mice with M. catarrhalis. Two routes of immunization were studied: mucosal immunization (intra-Peyer's patch followed by intratracheal boost) and intramuscular immunization with OMP CD. Both resulted in enhanced pulmonary clearance of M. catarrhalis compared with sham-immunized controls. Immunization with OMP CD induced specific antibodies in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and induced a specific lymphocyte proliferative response in T cells from mesenteric lymph nodes from mice mucosally immunized with OMP CD. On the basis of these results, OMP CD should undergo continued testing to determine whether it will induce a protective immune response in humans.
- Publication type
- Journal article
- Source
- Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 178, no. 6 (Dec 1998), pp. 1667-1675
- Publication year
- 1998
- FOR Code(s)
- 06 Biological Sciences; 11 Medical and Health Sciences
- Keyword(s)
- Moraxella catarrhalis; Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis; Outer membrane proteins; Respiratory tract infections
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- 0022-1899
- Publisher URL
- Copyright
- Copyright © 1998 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
- Peer reviewed


text:
Reviewed: Kalixa Pay pre-pay card
I've come across pre-paid cards before – every time I try to exchange currency in the Post Office, they try to convince me to get one (one reason I don't exchange currency there any more…) and my parents have one for dollars and one for Euros.
But I've never quite been convinced. I've got a credit card with no overseas charges, which gives a pretty good exchange rate plus I usually have some cash, more if I'm travelling somewhere where ATMs and credit cards aren't commonly found.
So Kalixa Pay had some work to do when they asked me to review it. The key advantages? No foreign exchange fees for the rest of 2013 and you can top up in one currency and spend in any other – so your money isn't tied up in Euros when your next trip is to the US or vice versa.
The company also promises the most competitive rates to go along with no commission/transaction fees. Instead there's a one-off charge of £6.95 to pay to set it up.
**EDIT – from May 2016, the Kalixa Pay programme will be closed**
And as it's a MasterCard pre-pay card, it's accepted at a string of locations but unlike a debit or credit card, if it's lost or cloned, you know that there's a limit to how much money can be taken (and is protected in the same kind of way as other bank cards).
So far, so promising. Kalixa Pay had sent me £150 to set up the card – and that's where I hit the first few snags. For some reason, the website was unwilling to recognise the details I put in so I had to re-enter them a few times before it finally registered. There was also a slight delay before the card turned up, so don't try to do it at the last minute.
Which meant that when I first used it, after we arrived at our villa in Portugal, I was mildly apprehensive about whether it would work. But it couldn't have been smoother.
First up, we needed to stock our villa with the essentials at the local supermarket – frozen cocktails, local vinho verde wine, nappies, chocolate, coffee, bananas and the makings for guacamole (among other things).
At just over 75 Euros, I was charged just under £63 – almost the exact exchange rate as xe.com, and not what I'd expect if I'd changed the cash.
Another nice touch is that Kalixa Pay sends an email or text message every time you use your card, as long as the purchase was over £5, with the details of what you've spent and your account balance, so you can always keep track.
Except… I didn't receive an email or text. Fortunately I could log in to my account to check, but it's a shame as that's a great selling point for me. [EDIT: After doublechecking my settings, it wasn't set up to alert me although I thought I had done – you need to opt in].
After both my husband and Minnie were struck down with bugs from the plane and teething (just Minnie…), we had to abandon a few plans to explore and give the card another workout the following day, but as both started to recover, it got another outing at a pool bar.
Fresh fruit smoothies, sun loungers and sea views – yep. Another trouble-free transaction? Apart from the bill blowing away in the breeze off the ocean at Portugal's south-west point, we were fine.
And what's a holiday without a few frivolous fritters? (Assuming you don't count wine and chocolate as frivolous, obviously).
As I'd packed in a hurry and forgotten any kind of sunhat, I needed to go shopping. Urgently.
At less than 5 Euros, this was a steal. In fact, I threw in a bottle of water and a banana for Minnie to get over the shop's minimum spend. I'd never have used a credit card for such a small transaction, but it's nice to save my cash for those moments where plastic – pre-pay or otherwise – won't work.
Surprisingly, I've still got money to blow in my account too. And when my cash runs out, it's good to know I can pop the Kalixa Pay card into the nearest ATM and grab 20 Euros without spending almost the same amount in charges.
Converted? I wouldn't ditch my credit card and cold hard cash.
But the fantastic exchange rate, and knowledge that I can use any leftover money at home (or on the next trip), means it's staying firmly in my wallet.
Disclosure: Kalixa Pay loaded my card with £150 for the purposes of the review. All opinions (and hats) are my own.
Image: Max Garcia – art photographer/Flickr; copyright Cathy Winston


text:
The Binghamton Mets will try to sweep their four-game series with the New Britain Rock Cats this afternoon at NYSEG Stadium. New York Mets catcher Travis d'Arnaud continues he rehab assignment today. He'll bat second and be the designated hitter today after driving in the winning run with a home run on Sunday night.
Today's pitching match-up features B-Mets left-hander Darin Gorski (3-2, 2.68) and Rock Cats right-hander Virgil Vazquez (2-1, 3.48). Gorski gave up two runs (one earned) in five innings while striking out six against Portland in his most-recent start on May 20.
Here are today's lineups. …
Corey Wimberly, cf
Nate Hanson, 3b
Kennys Vargas, 1b
Matt Koch, dh
Daniel Ortiz, lf
Tony Thomas, 2b
Brad Boyer, ss
Kyle Knudson, c
Mike Kvasnicka, rf
Kyle Johnson, cf
Travis d'Arnaud, dh
Kevin Plawecki, c
Matt Clark, 1b
Cory Vaughn, rf
Darrell Ceciliani, cf
Dustin Lawley, 3b
Wilfredo Tovar, ss
Rylan Sandoval, 2b


text:
The Nui just got Nui-er.
Our Zipline Trek Nui Loa was Kauai's greatest zipline adventure and now it's even faster, higher, longer and more fun! In Hawaiian, "Nui Loa" means "big," "long," and "a lot." And "Nui Nui" means "to enlarge" ...well, that describes our newest, and just re-named, zipline adventure perfectly. We've been working hard and we've made our greatest zipline tour even greater.
in advance and save.
We've opened up three brand new super-fun 1000' tandem ziplines, and we've done a remodel of our original lines, amping up the adrenaline in this already popular adventure. That brings the Nui Nui Loa to a jaw-dropping total of nine lines and 14 cables.
You'll be flying over the famous Kipu Ranch—4000 acres of beautiful, diverse terrain from 3000' mountains to pristine jungle valleys and rivers. Maybe you saw it in the academy award-winning movie, "The Descendants". Zip high above lush valleys and tumbling waterfalls. Take in the spectacular sights from a series of suspension bridges, aerial walkways, and an amazing tree house. Double your fun soaring right next to your partner on tandem lines.
ZIP. EIGHTEEN. HUNDRED. FEET. That's right, our 1800' tandem ziplines are the ultimate kick. Soar past the breathtaking Ha'upu Mountains and over towering trees. Check out the look on your buddy's face as you fly side-by-side.
We've put together a really diverse zipline course. You'll be riding platform-to-platform ziplines, center-dismount, and even a zippel, that combines ziplining with rappelling. Our center-dismount type lines are unique and set us apart, allowing for speeds and ride times unmatched on Kauai. And hang on for a ride that's wild, and wet! Our WaterZip is fun for everyone. Just hold on, step off and zip over a mountain stream-fed, natural swimming pool. Let go and jump into the clear, deep waters of the secluded Bamboo Pool, or just relax and float.
Contact us today for the thrill of a lifetime.
24-hour notice is required for cancellation, 72 hours for groups of six or more passengers. 100% penalty charge strictly enforced.
Guests should check in at Outfitters Kauai in Poipu. Check-in for the morning tour is 7:15am, return at 1:30pm. Afternoon tour checks in at 11:15pm and returns at 5:30pm.
Please call 48 hours prior to your tour to confirm your reservation and departure time.
This tour includes a great lunch. Your choice is either a Turkey Watercress Wrap (smoked turkey, watercress, cream cheese, sprouts, cucumber, tomato, onion, and black olives in a tortilla), or a Mediterranean Veggie Wrap (hummus, lettuce, tomato, kalamata olives, cucumber, and feta cheese in a tortilla). Lunch comes with pasta salad and a chocolate chip cookie. Cold drinks are available thoughout the day.
Shorts & t-shirt with swimwear underneath, windbreaker or light rain coat, sneakers or sport sandals, sunscreen, hat, bug spray and camera. No flip flops or slippers, please. You can purchase many of these items at our Poipu shop, and also rent sport sandals.
$158 per person plus tax for adults
$138 per child plus tax for kids seven to 14 years old
(guide gratuity not included)
You must weigh less than 275lbs in order to fit into the safety harness. The minimum age requirement is seven years of age.
Please note that occasionally tour guides will need to change locations or sequence of activities for hindrances such as fallen trees or raging waterfalls. But don't worry, we have lots of fun up our sleeves in case of flying monkeys or whatever obstacle we may encounter.


text:
Torque values
© Copyright, 2014, R. Fleischer
Read http://bmwmotorcycletech.info/torquespecs&problems.htm if you have not previously, before using this part 71B.
Torque values between systems of measurement:
Bolt head sizes----Caution!
BMW is now shipping SOME bolts with ONE wrench size smaller heads, using the ORIGINAL part numbers. A dealership MIGHT have BOTH sizes in the same box on their shelves; or, perhaps you order a bolt & get one with a different head size than you expected. You likely do not have 18 & 16 mm wrenches in your Airhead tool kit! I have seen 18 mm being substituted for 19 mm; 16 mm for 17 mm. K bikes don't generally have this problem...most started with the even numbered sizes. Later model BMW motorcycles are using the smaller heads. There is no need to carry extra & new sizes of wrenches, if you are careful & knowledgeable...and, ....now you ARE!
Nuts, bolts: grading systems & standard torque values:
Fittings from Germany are specified by a grading system that is different from what is used in the U.S. for American SAE items. Fittings from Germany are Metric & bolts are marked on the heads by a number that corresponds to the over-all strength rating.
Ratings (grades) used in the German DIN system FOR BOLTS & SCREWS are, in increasing order of strength: 5.6; 6.8; 6.9; 8.8; 10.9; and 12.9. 8.8 is a fairly strong metal, & is quite common on BMW's. While 8.8 is commonly available now in American hardware stores, many such stores carry INFERIOR bolts, often unmarked...and in SOME instances you can NOT depend on any markings it may have. BE CAREFULL! Nuts are a bit different....see later, herein.
BMW uses bolts rated even stronger than 8.8 in SOME PLACES....shock absorber mounts, brakes, rods, crankshaft-to-
flywheel...etc. I suggest using BMW-supplied parts! In some instances BMW uses specially made/treated/ETC items. Don't even think about using non-BMW fasteners for the driveshaft U-joint, flywheel, rods....
In the
DIN (German standards) system, bolts & nuts are assumed to be phosphate
treated, no after-treatment, not galvanized. Separate or included in the same tables may be information if the steel parts are cadmium plated, or otherwise treated; ~30% less torque is recommended for cadmium plated parts. Cadmium
plated parts are
hardly available anymore in/from Europe. Tables are different
for NUTS; nuts are rated as 8, 10, & 12 in strength....with the same sort of
variances for plating, lubrication, etc. Thus, a nut & bolt may have slightly
different ratings. As a general rule, there are some
sort of standards for all
he various types of headed screws, bolts, etc.
If no specification by BMW
for your specific fastener/location, you use standard table values. FIRST check this article, and see if I have a value for you!
YES....I DO HAVE the BMW factory manual TABLES for "common hardware" torque values, strengths, etc. These are specific to types & sizes and 'treatments' of such as bolts, but NOT specific for any place on your bike they are used at. I have thought about copying the charts and making them available by link in this article, but haven't found any need, so far. What would then concern me is if YOU used such charts/table values, and not what is in the lower part of this article. The tables can be WAY wrong, for specific items, that BMW has specified the torque for.
Cadmium plating:
BMW is shipping parts that are NO LONGER cadmium plated due to European environmental rules. These non-plated parts tend to RUST! These parts are treated & nearly always OK at the original specified torque as used when they were cadmium plated, assuming the original specs used are in Nm. Unfortunately, there is no information on any of this, NOR any values to use if the parts are removed and reinstalled, which DOES have an effect, sometimes a goodly one, on repeated fastening torque values. Until this is straightened-out (perhaps never), I suggest you use a faint trace of antiseize compound and reinstall at original torque values. Try to obtain old original parts...in most instances (?) the part numbers are the same, & the dealership might have the cadmium plated ones under the SAME part number and even in the SAME box...SO ASK.
SOME of these parts may need anti-seize, so be cautious.
With clean & dry threads MOST types of Loctite cause UP TO ~15% increase in actual torque as Loctite acts as a very mild lubricant>>> this is typically the maximum effect. Because of the safety factor of parts strengths & typical usages, this effect of Loctite is usually ignored, as far as torque wrench settings are concerned.
ANTISEIZE COMPOUND: When using antiseize compound...you should, and in many instances such as spark plug threads MUST, allow for the change in effective torque (18-30% with antiseize compound). USUALLY the only place on your Airhead you need to reduce the torque for, if the item has antiseize compound on it, is at the spark plugs. I am a bit more anal about the subject, and tend to reduce torque SOME, with anti-seize compound, at such as the bolts/studs that hold the transmission to the engine, the Universal Joint at the rear of the transmission, and some other places.
BMW....Clymers...Haynes...ETC... literature
for torque values
when listed in foot pounds....(BMW original errors are
often carried forward into Clymers & Haynes books):
BMW of North America published a Service Bulletin, Volume II, NO. 23, Dated 3/82. I will quote some from that bulletin:
"May we advise you that from now on, any published BMW conversions found in brackets immediately behind the millimeter figures in all service literature (riders manuals, shop manuals, etc.) should not be used. Recent experience has shown that use of these figures has caused some major, expense errors by either a dealer service department, a customer, or an independent machine shop. Please inform all customers upon purchase of a shop manual, and also those customers that you are aware of that have one in their possession." This was signed by Herb Neas, National Service Manager.
There are errors above... if you are a strict interpreter of words (millimeter should be metric Nm
for instance; and 'from now on'). What all this REALLY means:
There have been NUMEROUS instances in which someone
has questioned just what BMW
means by its torque figures. This question usually arises
because using a
torque wrench at the limited clearance area of the driveshaft U-Joint bolts usually requires an adaptor, and BMW AND OTHERS sell adaptors...which 'can' add
to the working-length of the torque wrench, thereby INcreasing the true bolt
value from that set on the torque wrench......unless the adaptor is used at 90°.
I know of no instances, on any BMW motorcycle, where the factory specification for torque is anything other that the ACTUAL torque on the fastener. That means: The torque figure is the value on the bolt itself. This is standard for industry & applies unless specifically noted to be different.
The torque to be applied to the bolt is the factory specified torque, and you MUST calculate the adjustment factor for the torque wrench, if the adaptor is not used at 90° to the torque wrench. In every instance, except at 90°, the torque wrench will need to be set to a value LESS than the specified value.
See article 71A on how to calculate this.
Section 11-Engine:
Cylinder heads: Evenly cross-torque, staging at ~10, ~18, & then CAREFULLY to a final value of 25ftlbs. I ALWAYS use a final value target of 25 foot-pounds for ALL models...even though I know PRE-Nikasil models were specified at 29-31 foot-pounds in some old literature. I do NOT consider it safe to torque higher than a TRUE 27 foot-pounds on ANY model, & that is with a KNOWN GOOD, CALIBRATED torque wrench. The 4 rocker arm nut threads are to be oily, & if they squeak, remove nut, oil immediately, & immediately re-tighten. After the first torqueing after the heads have been off, for each later re-torqueing, back off the 2 head nuts only a very small amount, a tiny fraction of one turn, one nut at a time, & re-torque. Do same for all 4 rocker nuts, back off about 1/4 to bit more of a turn, one at a time unless doing end play work (then do both nuts of ONE rocker at one time). The idea is that you will not have more than one or two of the nuts loose, in comparison to the others, for very long. Time is involved, as I think the metal will move, so don't leave things unbalanced and loose.
Spark plugs: This section has been completely removed, updated, and moved to:
M6 nut on the end of the automatic advance unit on models up through 1978:
4 foot-pounds, which is 48 inch-pounds. Be careful! DO NOT USE NOR DEPEND on the accuracy of a 75 or 100 foot pound clicker wrench at such a low setting (if it even can be set that low). DO NOT USE SUCH A FOOT-POUND WRENCH. Use EXPERIENCED hand feel, or do it with an INCH-POUND or equivalent low torque values wrench. Going over 48 INCH-pounds is not necessary. It is good to use a FRESH waverly washer. It is not unusual to find that someone has over-torqued this nut; yet the camshaft threaded stub end is not yet broken (& maybe not yet visibly cracked). Thus, the threads could already be weakened. Be very cautious. I always torque this nut with my experienced hand, with a very small 4 (max 6) inch wrench. If you do not have a good feel for torque, especially torque that breaks things, use a torque wrench. Use 30 INCH-pounds to start with, and preferably a fresh waverly washer. My personal limit as shown is 5 foot pounds; that means 60 INCH-pounds. I recommend 48 INCH-pounds maximum, as shown above. If you have an INCH-OUNCE wrench, guess how you calculate inch-ounces? Yes, the conversion factor is near the top of this page. Your day is ruined if you snap off the tip! SO: be careful!!! See cams article: http://bmwmotorcycletech.info/cams.htm
Rocker arm adjustment lock nut: 13-16 foot-pounds (some say 12, & I agree)
Valve cover center acorn nut: 14 foot-pounds (I am cautious, & do it by feel). LOOK at the far inner end of this associated stud. It is next to the spark plug. If ALL the threads in the head are not engaged by the stud, you must decide if to remove the stud & reset it deeper (if the acorn nut will still have enough threads engaged); or, install BMW's LONGER stud, which BMW supplies just for this particular purpose (see: http://bmwmotorcycletech.info/hardware.htm)
Outer cover, front of engine: about 5.5 foot-pounds
Engine to frame: 55 foot-pounds is reasonable, all models, although there are differences on the books, with much lower in places, down into the thirties. I prefer 55 foot-lbs..
Crankshaft rod bolts: ALWAYS use new ones. Not rusty. Low viscosity oiled threads at 36 foot-pounds. Special tri-tool needed, see tools article: http://bmwmotorcycletech.info/tools.htm. R80GS, R80R, R100GS, R100R: 15 foot-pounds, then 40 degrees more.
Flywheel bolts: ALWAYS new ones are recommended, but NEVER reuse the /5 & early /6 type bolts, all of which were 10 mm diameter:
/5: 44 foot-pounds, clean and dry threads, which means they can/should have a faint glaze of oil from your cleaning solvent. Replace with NEW bolts, every time.
1974: Two specs, 45 ftlbs for R60 & R75, then 53 ftlbs on R90 series, but I use 52-55 foot-pounds for all these models for 1974 with 10 mm bolts. REPLACE with new bolts, every time.
1975 & later: 11 mm bolts: 80 foot-pounds is my personal maximum. For this, I have the threads, male & female, clean & appearing dry, but with a faint sheen from very slight oiliness. See 1981 & later, just below, regarding replacing bolts.
1981 & later: BMW's last specification change is in S.I. 11-049-91 (2495); this can also be seen on the 12/92 fiche on page 3, illustration G23. The SI stated that while the flywheel bolts were previously at ~75 foot-pounds (100 Nm), they were now to be at 90 foot-pounds (125 Nm), cleaned threads, & the threads were to be OILED! BMW specifically said that the bolt limits would NOT reach their limit of elasticity at that torque, & could be REUSED! I will NOT tighten them that tight. Makes me very nervous! However, some Pro's do, & I have heard of no problems reported. It is YOUR CHOICE. NOTE also that this is in regards to the 11 mm bolts, & applies to 1981+ models. For whatever reason, BMW did not mention much earlier model details.
Oil cooler hoses 17 mm banjo nuts (located at the oil filter outer cover: Absolute maximum 14.5 foot-pounds. I suggest 13 foot-pounds. Recheck overnight. Do not let outer hose be in contact with the fairing if you have a fairing. Fairing movement and fairing vibration might loosen the banjo. Lower hose ends fittings should not contact anything except the cover fitment area. HOLD the hose banjo bolt METAL while tightening the banjo bolt using a 17 mm socket and torque wrench, so that the banjo assembly does not rotate during tightening & touch what it shouldn't. ALWAYS new 4 brand-new gasket-washers! BE SURE to check for leaks after engine startup. If you use the aluminum 'gaskets/washers'....they are to be replaced EACH TIME you unfasten the associated banjo, one on each side. If you use the copper ones, I recommend the same, although they can be re-annealed (careful heating) to be softer and mate up OK.
Following numbers have been used:
07-11-9-963-151, A12 x 17-cu These are copper, and note the 17 mm outer diameter.
07-11-9-963-132, A12 x 16-cu These are copper, and note the 16 mm outer diameter.
07-11-9-963-130, A12 x 15, 5al These are the stock aluminum washers, note the 15 mm outer diameter.
Oil pan mounting bolts: book values 6.5-8 ftlbs (some books show to 8.5). I suggest LESS, perhaps 5.5-6. Carefully tighten in a staggered cross-pattern, starting at the center ones and starting at a LOW TORQUE. Do tightening very evenly. NO GOO on gasket! Put the lettered side UP. There is supposedly a heat-activated glue on the gaskets. The old cork gaskets are NLA. I sometimes do these bolts BY HAND using a 4 or 6 inch wrench & not a torque wrench. MOST torque wrenches of the type that have a range of maybe 5 to 75 foot-pounds, can NOT be used for this, as their low-setting accuracy is NOT good, NOR is the FEEL OR SOUND for the click. If you use a torque wrench, use an INCH-pound or other more sensitive wrench. I recommend 66 to 72 INCH-pounds. HINT! Before removing the pan, TIGHTEN all the bolts to about 80 INCH-POUNDS. If they tighten properly, good. If they show signs of bad/pulling-out threads, note which ones, so you can fix the threads with a Helicoil, after the pan is removed.
Engine oil pan drain plug: 20-22 foot-pounds (book values have been variously from 20-25). I use the low side of specification for this pan drain bolt.
Oil filter inner cap bolt: 15-20 foot-pounds (some books may say 30, I think that is too high).
Oil filter outer cover plate: no matter if thermostat or GS or plain: not over 7.5 foot-pounds. I always do these by FEEL, not a torque wrench, as I believe the spec is much too high. Tighten them in stages, evenly, back and forth. NO NEED to have them too tight! USE LOCKWASHERS....either waverly or star type.
Oil canister central pipe: Install with Loctite, quite tightly, using a custom-made or commercially-made mandrel or carefully ground very broad thick tipped screwdriver. On the cooler models, leave the end 3 mm proud of the engine outside wall surface. Allow the Loctite a day or two to fully cure.
Oil pressure sending switch: no specification on early models, later models (from about 1985 or so) specify 25 Nm, or 18 foot-pounds. Use 12 point deep socket, moderately tight by feel. Do NOT over-tighten. DO NOT use anything but a socket, or you can distort the switch case, and it MIGHT then leak/weep oil.
Oil pickup bolts: 6.5 foot-pounds, Loctite BLUE. I use a sealant at the gasket(s), Permatex Form-A-Gasket.
Oil PUMP cover: 88 INCH-pounds; probably 72 is enough. LOCTITE BLUE. If you have Phillips screws; replace the cover with the updated version, with a new O-ring, and new proper bolts. It is not just a bolts change, the cover groove dimensions are also changed. More information at: http://bmwmotorcycletech.info/FlywheelRemoval.htm
Camshaft flange bearing & front main bearing: 11-13 foot-pounds, but some models from about 1985 are 18 foot-pounds.
Section 12-Engine electrics:
Spark plugs: see Section 11, above.
Centrifugal advance: old style, single M6 nut on end of camshaft, see section 11.
Starter motor bolts: 35 foot-pounds is the published specification, but this is probably excessive. Be very cautious that the starter is solidly & squarely in place as you tighten. http://bmwmotorcycletech.info/boschvaleostarter.htm covers several other brands too). Especially read the last area of that article, with the photos of interferences. VERY particularly see that article if you have ever had a nose cone break, or other mechanical fitment problems. DO IT!
Alternator rotor allen bolt: book value is 16.6-19.5 foot-pounds, I suggest ~14 as a maximum. The rotor is a taper fit to the crankshaft. The male and female mating surfaces must be absolutely clean & free from any contamination, including oil; I even clean off fingerprints. Do NOT use gasoline when cleaning the tapers.
Section 13/16-Carburetors & associated air & fuel inlet parts:
Top covers: These can have Phillips OR OTHER similar (sort-of) cross slot screws. See http://bmwmotorcycletech.info/tools.htm & also the cv carburetor's articles about these screws regarding removal,.... for the particular screwdrivers needed, and removal techniques if frozen, coating of the threads and underside of the screws, ETC.
Cylinder head stubs: I have removed the specification because I do not believe in it. Use Loctite RED. I never do this installation by torque wrench. I do this by feel, & the torque I use is VERY TIGHT, using a strap wrench or homemade tool. To prepare: Heat the head quite hot (at least to water sizzle) & freeze the stub. At assembly time: add Loctite RED. Use a strap wrench or other tool, and QUITE TIGHT!
Section 18-Exhaust system:
Exhaust pipe finned nuts, a YEARLY maintenance item!
If, in loosening a finned nut, it suddenly binds-up, then do NOT go further trying to loosen with more force. By using heat, & then a penetrating oil (acetone & ATF automatic transmission fluid 50-50, shake before using), several times, maybe over a week's time, you may be able to remove the nuts withOUT cutting them! I use a mixture of acetone and Kerosene, and then ~~50% ATF oil.....as this mixture is slower to evaporate and thus does a better job, over-all, and you do not have to apply it but once a day. Try SLIGHT tightening & loosening, as appropriate, flooding the threads as best possible. Heating the nut/port area before applying the mixture, will help, as the threads may draw-in a small amount of the fluid as the area cools.
If the finned nut will not come off, after all the above is tried, DO NOT FORCE IT. CUT the nut off! The nut is MUCH CHEAPER than replacing the port threads! Having to cut off the finned nut, or forcibly loosening & thereby ruining the port threads, will NOT happen if you REGULARLY maintain them, and do not over-tighten them! There is an article on this website: http://bmwmotorcycletech.info/exhaustnuts.htm. LOTS more information in that article.
Use of a considerable amount of an anti-seize compound is MANDATORY!!! Cutting the nuts off requires a special technique. Failure to loosen these nuts & to clean the threads & to use fresh anti-seize compound on the threads yearly may eventually cause you a lot of anguish. Clean and coat the rings. When cleaning the rings, clean the gap in the split ring, if you can. I use an old very thin feeler gauge for that. Rings should have their splits towards the head, that is, the tapers should face each other. I use a brass brush to clean the threads, rather than a steel brush.
Prior to 1981 the specification was 101-130 foot-pounds, later went to 145-159 foot-pounds. I have seen even higher published figures for 1981+. Problems include INcorrect conversion of Nm to Ftlbs in the literature. The proper figure is 160 Nm, which is 118 ftlbs. 90 is fine, if you want to measure. I NEVER MEASURE.
There is NO GOOD REASON to have these nuts so tight as the official specifications. There are steel split rings (do clean the gap) that clamp nicely inside the
finned nut, on the pipe, so there is NO REASON for such tightness.
don't know how tight I put them, but I suspect it is not over 90 ftlbs. I also clean the pipe if crusty/rough with deposits. I never use a torque wrench, I always do it by feel, a decent grunt, using a proper finned wrench. NOT too tight, & I ALWAYS use a LOT of anti-seize compound.
Exhaust system 'clips'....pre-silencer (1985+): 15 foot-pounds
Section 21-23 Clutch & transmission:
Transmission drain: 14-18.5 foot pounds, I suggest the lower figure.
Transmission fill: 20-22 foot pounds, I suggest the lower figure.
Transmission to engine: about 15 foot-pounds, somewhat more is OK. Books values from 14-24 depending on the book (1981+ is 24 foot-pounds)....and some confused Nm with foot-pounds.
Transmission shifter lever: 13 foot-pounds
Transmission cover screws: 6 foot-pounds
Transmission output flange-to-U-joint: 26 foot-pounds. Requires an adapter tool. Bolts are sturdy & strong, & a feeling of 'good & very tight' from a common 6" 12 point box end wrench is probably OK. I always use a torque wrench. DO NOT use the split lockwashers that were supplied on earlier models except in emergency if you don't have the shorter replacement bolts. This website has the number for the proper slightly shorter bolts, which are NOT used with washers. Install the proper bolts clean, dry, & 1 drop of Loctite BLUE on the threads before assembly. SEE section 26, below, for expanded information.
Transmission output flange center large nut: 148-173 foot-pounds, probably OK to even 190. Male and female tapers must be absolutely clean and dry. Do NOT clean with gasoline. I use 160 ftlbs.
Kickstarter models cotter nut/crank: 15 foot-pounds
4 speed transmission shift fork bolts: 17 foot-pounds
Selector fork/cam bracket: 18 foot-pounds (from 1981, 14 foot-pounds)
Clutch lever adjusting screw locknut: 15 foot-pounds is the spec. I DO NOT go that high.
Clutch bolts (to flywheel, early models): /5, 14 ftlbs. /6, /7 through 1980: 16 or 17 foot-pounds. From 1981 with the new style clutch, 15-16 ftlbs.
Neutral switch on 5 speed transmissions: This is not specified. Use a DEEP socket to install except when your switch has side facing terminals, which prevent that unless you have custom-modified a socket. I have not yet decided on a torque setting. If I did decide, and forgot to put it here, you would find it here:
Section 26-Driveshaft & swing arm:
Driveshaft drain & fill: 10 MAXIMUM foot-pounds is Snowbum's suggestion.
4 Driveshaft U-joint bolts: 26 foot pounds MAX, NO lockwashers (R100GS use 29 foot-pounds). Both bolt & flange threads must be clean and dry before the bolt is installed. Apply 1 drop of Loctite BLUE on the bolt threads. If you have lock-washers, get rid of them, & use the very slightly shorter later bolts.
Early models like the /5, etc., were specified at 18 foot-pounds, that was with the longer bolts with split lock-washers. NO bike should have those long bolts NOR any lock-washers, the 18 foot-pounds is listed here as a no-use reference ONLY. If one of those old lock-washers breaks, its bolt WILL loosen, the rest soon will & MAY destroy the back side of the the transmission. If your BMW dealer insists that BMW has gone back to using lock-washers, ignore that WRONG advice; use the shorter, later, bolts!!!! Do NOT use substitute bolts! Do NOT use hardware store bolts! Use 25 foot-pounds as a target value. An adapter is required for your torque wrench, see my tools article & my torque wrench article http://bmwmotorcycletech.info/torquespecs&problems.htm.
There have been instances in which someone has questioned just what BMW means by its torque figures. This question usually arises because using a torque wrench at the limited clearance area of the 4 U-joint bolts requires an adaptor, which can add to the working-length of the torque wrench, INcreasing the torque value from that set on the torque wrench...unless the adaptor is used at 90°. The torque figure is the value on the bolt itself, whether or not you use an adaptor from the torque wrench to the bolt. This is standard for industry, and applies unless specifically noted to be different.
Driveshaft coupling nut (bell gear): 180 foot-pounds is the maximum and probably 150 is OK.
Swing arm allen-recess adjusters: These large threaded pins with the Allen center hole are to be preloaded to 15 foot-pounds, then backed off slightly, then finished in only the tightening direction, leaving them at 7.5 (9 max) foot-pounds. At the same time you must end up such that spacing from swing arm to frame point is equal, within ~.015" is best.
Swing arm adjuster 27 mm (use 27 mm or 1-1/16" socket) lock nuts (STEEL nuts): 72-77 foot-pounds. Use a properly squared off & proper outside diameter socket. See http://bmwmotorcycletech.info/tools.htm
Preloading the pivot pins: 15 foot-pounds, then, back off, then retighten to 7.5 foot-pounds; locknuts to 75-80 foot-pounds
Left-hand bearing pivot stub: 80 foot-pounds
Right-hand bearing pivot shaft: 3.5 foot-pounds
Right-hand bearing pivot shaft lock nut: 77 foot-pounds
BMW specifies using exceptionally strong Loctite locking compounds on the stubs and nuts. See my other articles for what I think about that, and which to use. I personally use a less strong Loctite, so they remove easier, but I add witness paint markings.
Section 31/32-Steering, forks, bars, controls on bars:
Fork drain nut: 16.6-18.6 foot pounds. Probably one should just use 17 foot pounds for all to 1980.
Fork drain BOLT (SIDE BOLT style as on later models): 6 to 7 foot-pounds (8 to 10 Nm).
Top cap nut, center tube, also called Crown Nut and Centering Nut: approximately 80-95 foot-pounds; some books say 88-96 foot-pounds.
Top of fork tubes 'nut' and top spring retainer: ~80 foot-pounds.
R80R, R100R, GS, top sleeve/locknut: 48 foot-pounds
M8 x 1 nut at the bottom of some forks, that holds the damper: ~15-17 foot-pounds.
Lower fork yoke stanchion clamp (lower triple clamp): 25 foot-pounds. Some variances, see your book.
Bottom caps on the lowers: specifications have varied, some say 59-73 foot-pounds; others say 87-93 foot-pounds, I do it by feel.
Damper (rod retainer nut): early bikes 17 foot-pounds; 1981 and later 25 foot-pounds
Piston plugs: 18 foot-pounds
Damper slider tube, and force brace, 1985+: 11 foot-pounds
Axle clamp bolts (pinch bolts): about 10-12 foot-pounds
Axle nut: 25 (35 maximum) foot-pounds
Axle, late models, that use an allen bolt and not a nut: 25 foot-pounds
Clamp ring bolt: 8 foot-pounds
Fender brace upper: 16 foot-pounds Be sure you know what this is.
Fender brace, lower: 1.5-1.8 foot-pounds
Fork brace, GS: 13 foot-pounds
Fork filler plugs: Varies with models: 6.5-10 foot-pounds
Handlebar nuts: 15 foot-pounds
Steering bearing preload adjustment:
This should be done by road test, per my instructions elsewhere's on this site. But, there IS a specification, and it is 30 (+-2)
INCH-pounds. This is the force to continue moving the entire fork, after once started moving. If you INSIST on using a torque wrench for this, ask me how to modify your existing tool tray dogbone tool.
Section 33-Rear Drive and rear shock absorbers:
Rear drive drain: 23 Nm max. I use a somewhat lower value.
Rear drive fill: 20 Nm max. I use a somewhat lower value.
Later models rear drive oil level inspection plug: This is only found on late models, & is a small 10 mm hex bolt located half-way up/down the REAR arc of the rear drive. BE CAREFULL!... spec: 7-1/2 Nm, or 5.5 ftlbs, MAXIMUM. Fresh washer! I do it by feel, being careful. If using a torque wrench, use an accurate sensitive wrench, such as an inch-pound wrench. Some never remove this plug, fearing they will strip the threads. I almost never actually use a torque wrench on this inspection hole bolt/plug; doing it by educated feel. I have NEVER stripped one. I use LESS than spec on torque.
Rear drive to driveshaft housing: 35 ft-lbs is what I use on these 4 nuts on the twin shock models. There are differing specifications for them in the various literature. The Monoshock G/S & ST in some books are shown as 65 Nm (48 foot-pounds). For all the other monoshock (non-Paralever) models I use about 40 ftlbs. ASK ON THE AIRHEADS LIST ABOUT 'GOO', because most of the early models used paper gaskets, but much later models did NOT use gaskets, instead using a retainer compound, this is NOT a solvent drying goo, instead it is a Loctite product, and need not be the exact type BMW specifies, IMO! Also, IMO, BMW uses such a product to avoid 'walking' of the surfaces. I have successfully used several types of Loctite bearing retainer compounds, and I prefer the slightly thicker ones....I think it applies and seals a bit better.
Shock absorbers: 25 foot-pounds. I use that for all of them, except as below.
Shock units, Paralever: 26 foot-pounds.
Shock units, Monolever before 1987: 34 foot-pounds; then 21 +-3 foot-pounds on later Monolever models.
Input gear (pinion) large nut, Loctite blue: /5/6 75 foot-pounds. After /6, use 110-115 ftlbs.
The threaded ring that surrounds that input gear: 75+ foot-pounds, threads Hylomar'd.
Bevel drive pinion retaining nut, R80GS, R80R, R100GS, R100R: 150 foot-pounds
Cover housing, left side cover plate: 14 - 15 foot-pounds
Oil filler/level plug: 17 foot-pounds...I use somewhat less.
Oil drain plug: 17 foot-pounds...I use somewhat less.
Torque arm, front to frame: 32 foot-pounds
Torque arm, rear to housing: 25 foot-pounds
Section 34-Brakes:
Brake caliper plugs (plugs on the bottom of the swinging ATE calipers 1974-1980):
43.3-46.6 foot-pounds. The 'book' says that the ATE swinging caliper caps are to be 45 foot-pounds for the /6 and only 30 for the /7. Why?
Brembo calipers (& ATE that are NON-swinging): Book says 22-23 foot-pounds except that the ST & G/S should be 26 ftlbs. These values are for the bolts that mount the caliper to the fork legs.
Brake caliper joining bolts, R80R, R100R: inner 22 foot-pounds, outer 7 foot-pounds
Brake lines (pipes): 6 to 7 foot-pounds (11 maximum from 1981, I think that too high). I suggest you be careful and not over-torque these.
Disc brake mounting nuts/bolts: 17 foot-pounds. For R80GS, R80R, R100GS, R100R use 24 ftlbs.
Section 36-Wheels and axles (& see section 31/32, above):
Axle nut: 25 (35 maximum) foot-pounds. For the /5 and /6, I suggest using exactly 30 ftlbs.
Axle, late models, that use an allen bolt and not a nut: 25 foot-pounds
Axle pinch bolts: front 11-12 foot pounds, rear 11-13 foot pounds; late 1984+ use 17 foot pounds on both pinch bolts; but I do not use quite that much.
Mono-lever models & Paralever, including R80ST, R80 G/S, R100GS, late R100RT, etc):
Both three & four bolts/nuts are used on these various motorcycles. NEVER EVER oil NOR antiseize these threads; NEVER!....ONLY clean & dry threads. Use 63 foot-pounds for the R80ST, & a bit more, 77 ftlbs for the G/S & 1985+ models. Values for YOUR bike are in YOUR Rider's Handbook.
Section 46-to ? Frame, fenders, braces, saddlebag bracketry, fairings, special lighting equipment, battery bracketry, instruments pods, centerstands, etc.:
Center-stand: 25-26 foot pounds (I suggest closer to 31 on 1985+ models). There are variances, as the type of bolt/nut, etc., has varied. Check your owners booklet. Many late models used 17 mm bolt/nuts & 29 Nm torque.
Side-stand center pin, from 1981: 13 foot-pounds
Rear subframe: 11-18 foot-pounds was the early original value range. I suggest you use 18 ftlbs. This applies to both the early hex head bolt and the later tapered allen head bolt.
For the carburetor band clamps, BMW DOES use screw type clamps, and moderately tight is correct.
It is NOT commonly known that screw-type band-clamps have torque values. The type of band-clamps I am referring to here are NOT the type that BMW used to use at the U-joint rubber bellows; small screw, very fine threads; or, whether screw or clamp pliers types. What I am referring to here are the AFTERMARKET band clamps that have multiple cross-wise small slots almost all the way around, that you may be tempted to purchase for various things, & substitute for the original types. The standard torque setting for these aftermarket clamps depends on the width of the band. Frankly, there are no places on BMW motorcycles for these types of clamps, but I know some of you will use them anyway.
5/16" width band: 14 to 16 INCHpounds
1/2" width band: 25 to 35 INCHpounds
9/16" width band: 30 to 40 INCHpounds
There are special versions of clamps used for high pressure fuel injection hose clamps, for you K bike owners, and you really should use those Oetiker types. When the liquid flowing inside the hose is under a goodly pressure, you can have a LEAK at the hose-to-metal-pipe junction if you use regular aftermarket band-clamps, because they tend to distort the hose as you tighten the clamp.
What is posted in this article above IS believed correct, but no guarantees as to that!
Initial edit and release: 07/05/2004
12/16/2004: Clarify torqueing cylinder head nuts in section 11
02/26/2005: layout, url, copyright, hyperlink
07/16/2006: add note on calibrating the wrench
08/20/2006: editing for clarity
01/09/2009: Updated
04/25/2009: clarify crankshaft bolt torques, to eliminate any chance of misunderstandings.
07/15/2009: clarify rear drive to driveshaft nut tightness; minor other typos or unimportant clarifications
10/24/2009: clean up the article
10/15/2012: Add QR code, add language button, update Google Ad-Sense code
04/23/2013: Change cover from 5.0 foot-pounds.
09/25/2013: Clean up cam tip nut torque wording.
03/10/2014: Clarify, condense
10/02/2014: Prep for smaller devices, and clean up some.
10/25/2014: Add note #1 near top of page, and later in section 26.
08/15/2015: Clarify and expand a small amount here and there....and more on 08/16/2015, with some corrections.
10/11/2015: Add additional comment & cautions to oil cooler hose banjo bolts. Font size increased. Narrow the article. Update Meta-codes, clean up article and clarify a few things.
02/29/2016: Add line to section 31/32...adding information on the side-bolt oil drain.
04/14/2016 : Begin to update article. Metacodes; format; horizontal lines; fonts & colors; layout....
08/21/2016: Minor correction to subframe mounting bolts in section 46.
11/21/2016: Remove Spark Plugs section, and move/update to sparkplugs.htm article.
© Copyright, 2014, R. Fleischer
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Friends, please pray for the members of the Community in Easton, MD whose Church was auctioned off to the highest bidder in front of the courthouse steps. A Synagogue has offered their space for the Community to use.Also, please pray that our Orthodox Churches (or any other Church) do not wind up being auctioned off on the Courthouse steps.Most Holy Theotokos Save Us.Amen!
I got nothing.
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Baltimore Ravens star RB Ray Rice has Denver Broncos expecting the bestOnly two quarterbacks have thrown more touchdown passes than interceptions against Harbaugh's Ravens in the postseason: Ben Roethlisberger and Peyton Manning : Ravens running back Ray Rice lost two fumbles in Sunday's wild-card game; Rice and Green Bay RB… (more)Source: denverpost.com
Final Word: Ravens at BroncosFive nuggets of knowledge about Saturday's AFC divisional playoff game: Flacco factor: The Ravens are at their best when quarterback Joe Flacco goes deep. In the wild-card win over the Colts, Flacco averaged a career-best 23.5 yards per completion, whic…Source: ESPN.com
Double Coverage: Ravens at BroncosThis feels like Double Coverage déjà vu. It was only four weeks ago when we were talking about these same two teams. If you don't remember, or you're a Ravens fan trying to forget, the Broncos rolled to a 34-17 win in Baltimore. Since that time, the R…Source: ESPN.com
Baltimore Ravens coming to Denver with rebuilt offensive lineWith respect to Ray Lewis, his return from injury isn't the primary reason the Baltimore Ravens should be a better team Saturday against the Broncos than they were a month ago.Source: denverpost.com


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Soul Collective - 2008
Reviews for "Soul Collective" click here
Collective, featuring Greg Adams, Tom Scott, Mic Gillette, Tom Braxton,
Evan Marks & Jason Miles & introduces Paula Prophet. This album was nominated for "Best Jazz Album of the Year" by the San Diego Music Foundation.
Individuals coming together to
produce soulful sounds. With this album we feature the flute in
a variety of different ensemble settings. Each combination producing
its own unique sound.
The resulting music is
fresh and funky – with just enough old school greaze added
to "keep that same old feeling alive and well.
The radio airplay has been going well today with Soul Collective high on the SmoothJazz.com inde chart and in the 30's on their main chart. We're told that radio stations are not picking up "unknown artists" at this time, especially in view of the changing atmosphere in radio. Saying this, "It's On" and "She's Gone" are being play by more than 35 stations nationwide. Click on the News tab on this website and get an updated list of those stations. A second single will be at radio in June. This time we'll take "Wake Up Call" and "Rock Me Softly." Check it out!
Could not show player
1. It's On! (Phillips) Buy it on
2. Café Con Leche (Phillips) Buy it on
3. Wake Up Call (Phillips) Buy it on
4. She's Gone (Hall/Oates)
Buy it on
5. That Man (Prophet) Buy it on
6. Ode To Billy Joe (Gentry) Buy it on
7. Rock Me Softly(Phillips)
Buy it on
8. Undercover (Phillips) Buy it on
9. Keep That Same Old Feeling (Henderson) Buy it on
BUY the album at iTunes or Amazon.com:
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Peer reviewed
ERIC Number: EJ492245
Record Type: CIJE
Publication Date: 1994
Pages: N/A
Abstractor: N/A
Reference Count: 0
A Theoretical Framework of Training Needs Analysis for African Para-Medical Personnel through Distance Education Process.
Braimoh, Dele
Studies in Educational Evaluation, v20 n2 p265-77 Apr 1994
A theoretical conceptualization of training needs assessment is developed using the example of distance education of paramedical personnel (nurses) in the developing countries of Africa. Accurate training needs analysis and a baseline survey are essential for program development. (SLD)
Publication Type: Reports - Evaluative; Journal Articles
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers: Africa


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Wil je permanent opslaan als jouw valuta of alleen voor deze keer?
St. Peter s Vacancy is a modern bed and breakfast close to St Peter s Basilica in an elegant, residential area overlooking Villa Pamphili Park. Enjoy a range of free services. Comfortable rooms at St. Peter s Vacancy have all the latest technology. Make the most of free Wi-Fi internet access and LCD cable TV as well as fresh, bright décor. One room even comes with its own Jacuzzi bath tub. The cool, spacious lounge offers a DVD player and television and you can also enjoy your breakfast in here or on one of Saint Peter s Vacancy s two terraces. If you fancy a hot cup of tea or coffee just go to the on-site kitchen and use one of the many appliances available to make your own. Walk to Saint Peter s Basilica and the Vatican in 15 minutes, or take one of the many buses which pass close by. You can even rent bikes from your B&B and see the city from a different perspective.


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- Curves Without Piecing — Review by Patty Martin
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- Curves Without Piecing — Review by Kathie R Kerler
- Curved blocks are easily achieved through the Cathedral Window style technique. Author Ornelas creates stars and floral motifs with it. (Posted on 3/31/13)
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The 2013 NFL draft has wrapped up, and rosters around the National Football League are pretty much set for training camp in August.
While teams will add veteran talent here and there, especially after June cuts, don't expect a whole lot of turnover for contending teams such as the Seattle Seahawks.
In addition, we have no idea how many players from the 2013 draft will yield players who make Seattle's final 53-man roster.
On that note, here is Bleacher Report's initial post-draft depth chart for the Seattle Seahawks.


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If glancing at the matchup for the Fiesta Bowl has led to you overlooking this New Year's Day game, hopefully the following will make you rethink that stance.
When it comes to quarterback play, this college football bowl season won't see any better than it does in this game.
Baylor's Bryce Petty and UCF's Blake Bortles have the tools to dominate college football and go onto have long, successful careers in the NFL.
That fact right there makes this game worth the price of admission.
Which quarterback will have a more successful NFL career?
I'll break down the greatness of these two signal-callers, but first, have a look at when and where you can catch the action:
Date: Wednesday, January 1, 2014
Start Time: 8:30 p.m. ET
Where: University of Phoenix Stadium, Glendale, Ariz.
Watch: ESPN
Live Stream: ESPN3.com
Baylor has transformed itself into a quality program that produces insane offensive numbers. This helped propel Robert Griffin III to the Heisman, and it also helped Nick Florence put up outstanding numbers as last year's signal-caller.
Given that, it is easy to write off the success of Petty as merely the product of an outstanding system. That isn't fair to Petty's talents, however.
Baylor's Bryce Petty leads next year's strong senior QB class (via @Gil_Brandt): http://t.co/v9u2RO95K6— NFL (@nfl) December 7, 2013
Petty threw for 3,844 yards this season with 30 touchdowns and just two interceptions.
The 6'3", 230-pound junior has good size, excellent accuracy and makes quick, smart decisions with the ball in his hands.
As we've seen this season, Petty has the talent and tools to dominate college football. Those skills will also translate to the next level. His coach, Art Briles, definitely thinks so. Here is Briles, as quoted by Dan Greenspan of NFL.com, on Petty: "Now we have a good feel how Bryce functions, what he can do, and next year I think he'll be phenomenal. I think he'll be a top-five pick in 2015, no question."
Petty isn't the only junior quarterback with good size in this game.
UCF's Blake Bortles checks in at 6'4", 230 pounds. He has good strength and the ability to stand tall in the pocket.
So impressed by UCF QB Blake Bortles. Confident and tough in pocket. Good anticipation and tempo.— Todd McShay (@McShay13) September 28, 2013
For the season, he has 3,280 yards with 22 touchdowns and seven interceptions.
His play and tools are starting to draw comparisons to Ben Roethlisberger of the Pittsburgh Steelers.
Bortles reminds me so much of Roethlisberger when he came out of Miami (Ohio). I don't think Bortles will make it out of the top-12 picks— Dane Brugler (@dpbrugler) December 9, 2013
Like Roethlisberger, Bortles isn't going to get a lot of yards with his feet. He does, however, do an excellent job of extending plays. He has solid mobility for his size and is a beast to try and bring down.
Although future NFL success is never guaranteed for any player, this matchup provides what could end up being the first installment of what turns into a rivalry that extends to the NFL.


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Missing Yidden in the Midlands
March 2, 2014
The Diary has sent an investigation squad to Leicester whose entire Jewish population has vanished. At least according to The Times, where Giles Coren wrote at the weekend — in emphatic caps — that there were "NO JEWS AT ALL" there.
The Jewish Year Book lists both an Orthodox and Progressive synagogue in the city.
Could a surreptitious exodus have taken place, or a mass abduction by antisemitic aliens?
Leicester City Council's website does not specify any Jews in its breakdown of local religion from the last Census. But you'll find in national stats that there were 183 of them who identified in 2011.
Last updated: 4:45pm, March 2 2014


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Morning Mindbender- November 7
A little over 10 percent of wedding DJ's have done this at a wedding.07 Nov 12
Local News, Multimedia, Sports - The Local Connection
Wheeler Dealer
A little over 10 percent of wedding DJ's have done this at a wedding.07 Nov 12
His favorite sport was wrestling? He was the first President to have a grandchild born in the White House.01 Nov 12
38 percent of people with jobs have done this at the dinner table. What is it?26 Oct 12
The average person eats a little more than 7 pounds of this per year. What is it?23 Oct 12
Doing this regularly, makes most people happier in the work place. What is it?18 Oct 12
According to a survey, 38% of people would rather do this than change a password. What is it?16 Oct 12
In her lifetime, the average woman will do this four times more often than the average man. What is it? Answer: Go to the doctor Congratulations to Mark Windschitl of New Ulm-winner!10 Oct 12
Women are 60% more likely to do this with their phones than men. What is it?04 Oct 12
Four members of Twin Valley Council Boy Scout Troop 25. Brian Longtin, age 13; Glenn Howell, age 16; Jeremy Holm, age 16; and Bennett Carlson, age 12, received this months Hometown Hero Award. The youths …


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In all, GM has 29 sales outlets and 33 service facilities in MH. Across India, GM has 269 sales points and 275 service outlets across the country. ND Chevrolet dealership will cater to increasing popularity of Chevrolet vehicles in Maharashtra, and is headed by Manish Hasani.
The dealership employs trained engineers at the workshop, which is equipped with latest garage tools, diagnostic equipment and computerized facilities for maximum customer satisfaction.
General Motors India has introduced various industry-first initiatives including Chevrolet Complete Care programme for an optimised ownership experience through low cost of maintenance, warranty packages, Chevrolet U-First Customer Centric Programs and Apps and 24×7 Roadside Assistance Program for 3 years on all new car purchases.
GM India uses digital apps such as Chevrolet Service Estimator to calculate service costs, and MyChevroletIndia mobile app to locate and contact nearest authorized Chevrolet service station.


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Got Ur Self A...
- Artists Dylan Kennedy
- Release Date 2012-04-09
- Labels Substation Recordings
- Catalog SUB010
Dylan Kennedy has quietly become one of Canada's most in-demand producers in bass music, with releases on 6 different labels over the past 12 months, including remixes for Figure, Fast Foot, and Alex Mind... and top 100 chart positions in Dubstep, Drum and Bass, Electro, and Breaks - all in the same 12 month period. Substation is proud to present Dylan Kennedy's finest material to date - "Got Ur Self A..." is a DnB growler, with rolling n' rising bass synths, slick Nas vocal chops, and a horn section that will turn the dance floor into a good old fashioned skank up.
Distributed by Label Engine - www.label-engine.com


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Integrative Approach
The integrative Approach – What it means to you
Since the doors opened at Canyon Ranch in 1979, we have embraced an integrative approach to wellness – including mind, body and spirit – in which professionals in various disciplines collaborate to help you reach your health potential.
Your personal health advisory board
A team of physicians, nurses, nutritionists, exercise physiologists, behavioral experts and others will look at you as a whole person, not as a collection of individual symptoms or body parts. Your team members share assessments and expertise to create a fully rounded understanding of your health profile and needs.
Your active participation
Your health depends largely on the way you live every day. Choosing lifestyle medicine and actively working with a preventive health care team can reduce your chances of needing prescription drugs and surgeries. Our experts can help you improve your fitness, nutrition, stress, mood, sleep patterns – every important aspect of life. You'll find a respectful, collaborative approach, and experts who have ample time to work with you.
Your expanded potential
Our team draws on Western medicine as well as Eastern traditions, energy healing, spiritual awareness, lifestyle and proven alternative practices. Using a critical yet open-minded approach, our professionals offer you the best practices from around the world.
Your healing potential
Despite all your best efforts, sickness and injury can occur, and there simply is no better place than Canyon Ranch to prepare for or recuperate from surgery, come to terms with a health challenge or recover from an illness. Our integrative professionals can help you with specific concerns, whether recent or chronic.
Take home the benefits
A Health Package can be added to any Canyon Ranch stay. In this relaxing environment, you can discuss concerns you may hesitate to address with your family doctor. This is your chance to take stock and choose the best path for the rest of your life.
A Nurse Educator and Program Advisor coordinate your team of professionals and arrange all your appointments, so you're free to focus on what matters most – your health!
Health Package fees are in addition to your basic Canyon Ranch package rate.


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Former Clarkson University Hockey All-American Grant Clitsome made an immediate impact in his National Hockey League (NHL) debut Tuesday, setting up two first-period goals as a member of the Columbus Blue Jackets in a 4-3 overtime loss to the Vancouver Canucks. Clitsome was named the game's No. 3 star for his efforts.
"I was nervous and excited all night," Clitsome said. "It was a dream come true."
Clitsome, who was recalled Monday from Syracuse of the American Hockey League (AHL), saw 12 minutes, 20 seconds of ice time, including time on the power play. He finished the game with a plus-1 rating, and compiled two penalty minutes.
A native of Gloucester, Ontario, Clitsome registered his first NHL point, assisting on Andrew Murray's game-opening tally at the six-minute mark of the first period. He registered his second assist on Antoine Vermette's goal at 17:30 of the opening stanza.
The Gloucester, Ontario native was Columbus' 12th pick, 271st overall, in the 2004 Entry Draft. He tallied 16-57-73, 122 penalty minutes and a cumulative plus/minus rating of +32 in 150 career games with Clarkson. In 2007-08 he was named Second-Team Reebok All-American while helping the Golden Knights win the ECAC regular season championship.


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Contact Us
Life changes all the time. We change homes. We change jobs. We change clothes. We change a lot of things. Some of us like change ...
This semester at Oxford College I've been teaching my first solo course. Housed in American studies, "Understanding Community: Oxford Encountering Oxford," is a course ...
The women of the Crochet Ministry of Grace United Methodist Church are busy working to create handmade gifts for the sick members of the church.
God has blessed America greatly. The United States has been pulled, pushed, pressed, stretched and tested from the beginning but has remained together and strong ...
Page 1 of 1
Politicians, pundits and even pastors have all joined the debate on same-sex marriage. Since 2004, six states have recognized same sex marriages in their state, but the Defense of Marriage Act, signed by then-president Bill Clinton, prevents the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages and allows each U.S. state to refuse recognition of same-sex marriages performed in other states. In recent years however, public opinion of same-sex marriage has been growing and DOMA will likely be challenged or changed. President Obama has already instructed Attorney General Eric Holder to no longer defend this Defense of Marriage Act.
As Christians ...
Many are deeply impressed and moved by the prayer of Jabez. His story and prayer led to a bestselling book. And it's a great book. His prayer has inspired many to be bold and ask God for great things, and it should. His courageous faith lifts us up. Here is a man who starts his life with the name "Pain" and in Bible times a man's name is what he was known for. So he was a man of pain, in pain, and associating with him may ultimately cause pain. That's quite the obstacle to overcome. But ...
They rushed at [Stephen] and dragged him out of the city and began to stone him. His accusers took off their coats and laid them at the feet of a young man named Saul.
Everybody loves a party, right? I write this article a few days after being on a college campus on game day, about an hour before kickoff. And as I walked, people were mingling and mixing, drinking and dancing, eating, smiling and just having a good time. One guy took it upon himself to run from party to party and start shouting team cheers - and people were happy to join in. It was a celebration.
When Pharaoh finally let the people go, God did not lead them along the main road that runs through Philistine territory, even though that was the shortest route to the Promised Land. God said, "If the people are faced with a battle, they might change their minds and return to Egypt." So God led them in a roundabout way through the wilderness toward the Red Sea.
The great black mark on American history is slavery. From the beginning of our nation's settlement until Jan. 1, 1963, Americans owned, sold and purchased other human beings. Beyond this, many slave owners were incredibly cruel to their slaves treating them with no regard of human dignity.
Understand this: If a homeowner knew exactly when a burglar was coming, he would keep watch and not permit his house to be broken into. You also must be ready all the time, for the Son of Man will come when least expected.
How much do you love God and why?
He was one of my childhood heroes. He had won just about any award baseball could give. I didn't see it myself and don't really want to believe it, so I won't use the guy's name, but I'm told that when this Hall of Famer moved out of his home in my friend's subdivision, he left it all behind. Boxes of trophies, including an MVP award, out by the curb. Why? His life had taken some turns, and suddenly, those things didn't matter to him anymore. He gave it all up because to ...
For more than a century the most famous trademark in the music industry has been "His Master's Voice," which is an adapted picture of the dog Nipper listening to a wind-up gramophone.
Just a Thought: Who will experience eternity? Some think this is a topic only for Christians, but it is not. All of us will experience eternal life. Life is like a hand in a glove. The glove is the outer shell (a temporary dwelling) and takes on the form and functions of the hand inside. The hand is like our soul and spirit - and one day it will withdraw from the outer shell leaving the shell behind, but the hand (our soul and spirit) will remain unchanged and continue living. Where we will live and spend eternity has everything to ...
With today's column, I'm starting a series of columns that play off of our church body's theme this year: "Christ's Love, Our Calling." It's all about how Christ's love for you gives you purpose - a calling. And this series looks at what God said about our calling to speak his truth in love. In 2 Corinthians, Paul writes: "It is written: 'I believed; therefore I have spoken.' With that same spirit of faith we also believe and therefore speak."
Remember the things I have done in the past. For I alone am God! I am God, and there is none like me.
Isaiah 46:9
Jesus once said to his disciples, "Watch out! Be on your guard against all kinds of greed; a man's life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions" (Luke 12:15 NIV). This is an interesting warning to be aware of, or to watch out for greed. It is as if Jesus is saying that greed can overcome you without you even being aware.
The interesting thing about greed is that it is a sin that is very easy to be guilty of, without you even knowing it. If you are a thief, you may not feel bad ...
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UK motorists choosing to delay MoT to save cash
An increasing number of British drivers are choosing to delay their MoT test until after its due date in order to save money, according to a recent survey.
More car owners are attempting to cut corners to preserve funds with up to 10 per cent of drivers admitting to delaying their MoT test in the poll by InsureMyExcess.com.
Similarly a further 16 per cent have also made the decision to hold off putting their cars in for repair in order to keep more money in their back pocket. This is particularly prevalent in younger drivers with one-in-five 18-24 year olds delaying attending to faults.
Over half of the 1,000 motorists polled in the survey admitted to being concerned about the cost of garage repairs to ensure their vehicle passes its MoT inspection. As many as 10 per cent of respondents have also amended their type of car insurance from fully comprehensive to third party only in order to save further cash.
Matt Tumbridge, director of InsureMyExcess.com, said: "Motorists have been hit hard by spiralling motoring costs and it is very worrying that so many are struggling to pay for repairs to their vehicles and their insurance.
"I believe that motorists are very responsible on the whole, but with tightening budgets and further job losses looming, motorists are being very careful with their money and feel that they have no option as the cost of motoring continues to increase."
Avoiding vehicle repairs and delaying MoT's is a dangerous policy for drivers to take as this makes them more susceptible to accidents on the road. At ASM Auto Recycling our online salvage auction consists of a number of vehicles retrieved from accidents by insurance companies, giving those who know their way around a car the opportunity to bag themselves a bargain.
All of our re-sale vehicles have been inspected fully by qualified engineers to ensure they are suitable for legitimate repair. Each of our online salvage cars must be repaired in accordance with ABI guidelines otherwise they must simply be scrapped for cash.


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solidify your air superiority with Game insight's popular airport strategy management game now optimized for iPad
MOSCOW and SAN FRANCISCO – August 9, 2012 – Game Insight, a world leader in publishing and developing mobile and social games, has announced that its popular free-to-play strategy game, Airport City, which was previously released on Android devices and social networks, is now available on iPad.
Airport City offers an exciting, two-tiered take on classic city-building strategy that puts players in control of a growing city full of support staff and a fledgling airport destined for greatness! In their quest for the perfect airport layout, players continually build up their terminals with new landing strips and hangars to house seven different classes of passenger planes that earn cold, hard cash from passenger airfare. However, adding to the challenge, players must also simultaneously grow a neighboring city with more than 50 types of housing, shopping, and utility buildings to offer amenities to hungry and tired travelers. As time progresses players can expand their territory by purchasing new tracts of land for additions.
As they work to create marvelous airports and accompanying support cities, players field a variety of tasks, including collecting passengers and airfare, sending out flights to glamorous international destinations, bringing in a constant stream of air traffic for landing and completing numerous quests to harvest resources, develop new territories, and assemble collections of rare hidden items.
Airport City is an engaging strategy game that will test your tycooning and entrepreneurial skills in one easy to learn and free to play package. Visit the App Store and become an airport mogul today!
Direct Link to Airport City for iPad on App Store: http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/airport-city-hd/id520127146
Learn more about Airport City at the official Web site: http://www.gameairportcity.com/
About Game Insight
Founded in 2010, Game Insight is a global leader in mobile and social mobile gaming with focus on both development and publishing of top-quality titles. The company's portfolio of games serves all major platforms, including iOS, Android, social, and Web. All titles are released worldwide with localization in 17 languages. Original IPs are created and developed by Game Insight's internal network of more than 300 developers, with external publishing opportunities for valued partner studios. The company is headquartered in Moscow, Russia with additional publishing offices in San Francisco, CA. Find more information on Game Insight at the official Web site: http://www.game-insight.com/


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Faenasphere, a Web site that I can best describe as part of the universe of digital and physical properties created by Argentine real estate magnate, hotelier, and William Gibson-character-come-to-life Alan Faena (think Humbertus Bigend, but with a much cooler name and even better fashion sense), has a really sharp piece about contemplative computing.
A large part of the Net's users are realising that technology has developed so quickly, we never truly had time to learn how to use it in a healthy manner that would not have negative repercussions on our health. Beyond this, our technologies are designed to maximise the shareholder's profits, and if that implies distracting, confusing or gathering users, that's acceptable. For this reason we need new technologies within our technology. These will enable us to take a break from a system even if we participate in it. This is the purpose of "contemplative computing" one of the greatest ideas to emerge from this period.
It takes a lot to make me like a phrase even more than "one of the greatest ideas to emerge from this period," but somehow "we need new technologies within our technology" does it.
Not surprising for a design firm, the post zeroes in on the design issues and my section on restorative spaces, and concludes:
Pang is suggesting we design more computer apps that are restorative spaces —parks within the digital city. Most of the apps we use reinforce the appearance and the general feeling of our host operational system, but there are a few, especially among musical and writing apps, which disregard the systematic interface in order to create the feeling of being "outside" of the computer.
I only wish I'd come up with the phrase "parks in the digital city." But hey, I'll take credit for inspiring it! I've got to meet these people one day.


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Dear members,
Thank you, NarutoBase Staff
Either I didn't read the manga carefully or kishi didn't explain but what is this:
They said it was transforming right?
it was a flower that later opened and shot the juubidama
It is still transforming.
You didn't know Bijuus were A-sexual?
Last edited by Ōkami; 05-16-2013 at 12:54 AM.
Originally Posted by Okami the butcher
You didn't know Bijuus are A-sexual?
Lol. This I guess ^ .
Originally Posted by Okami the butcher
You didn't know Bijuus were A-sexual?
No, I didn't.
Hes having a baby
It's A Natural Transformer more than meets the Eye.
It's evolving into a Venasaur
The Juubi's final form is Bulbasaur
its a flower bud and opens up to shoot biju dama.... seriously jubi looked like gigantic raflessia with noodle stem.. i actually laughed it
Forum Rules


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GV Now
'Big Data' conference will highlight analytics
Posted on April 25, 2013
The School of Computing and Information Systems will host its first Big Data Conference on Friday, April 26, from 8:30 a.m.-1:30 p.m. in the Kirkhof Center.
Jerry Scripps, assistant professor of computing and information systems, said big data refers to the sharp increase of the size, arrival rate and complexity of data that is being generated and collected by business, government and other organizations.
"In the coming years it will affect many people across most disciplines," he said. "The rapid increase in data will also bring a variety of challenges including data storage, data management and data preservation."
Faculty members with expertise in data collection, storage, protection and analystics will share their work. Students and faculty members are welcome to attend.
For more information, contact the School of Computing and Information Systems at x12060.


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Pitts and Ellison Call on Iran to Release Pastor Youcef
Today, Congressman Joe Pitts (R-PA) and Congressman Keith Ellison (D-MN) called on the government of Iran to immediately release Christian pastor Youcef Nadarkhani. After being released in October, Pastor Youcef was taken back into custody on Christmas Day.
The joint statement from Pitts and Ellison follows:
"We were heartbroken to learn that the government of Iran has thrown Pastor Youcef Nadarkhani back in jail. Given its persecution of Pastor Youcef because of his Christian faith, it was particularly cruel to imprison him on Christmas Day.
"During his previous imprisonment, Pastor Youcef was mistreated and pressured to renounce his faith and confess to crimes he did not commit. We want Iranian authorities to know that the world is watching his case.
"The continued imprisonment of Pastor Youcef for simply practicing his faith is a gross violation of human rights. He should be released to his wife and two young sons immediately."