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Ultracold atoms simulate electrical conduction
Aug 3, 2012 1 comment
Physicists in Switzerland are the first to use ultracold atoms to simulate one of the most technologically important properties of solid matter: electrical conduction. The experiment involves watching lithium atoms as they pass through a tiny channel created by laser light. The team has shown that atoms that travel straight through a channel without experiencing any disorder display ohmic conduction, just as atoms that bounce their way through a disordered channel.
Ensembles of ultracold atoms have been used to simulate a wide range of condensed-matter physics including aspects of magnetism and superconductivity. Atomic gases can provide important insights into the quantum nature of matter because, unlike the electrons in a solid, the interactions between ultracold atoms can be controlled precisely using laser light and magnetic fields.
In principle, electrical conduction could be simulated by allowing ultracold atoms to move through a channel from one reservoir to another. By measuring the change in density of the gas as it passes through the conducting region, physicists could study the conduction process in ways that are not possible with real conductors. This would be of particular interest to those designing extremely small electronic circuits where quantum effects can play an important role in conduction.
Watching the channel
In addition to creating such a system, imaging the conduction region has also proven to be difficult – and now both of these challenges have now been overcome by Tilman Esslinger and colleagues at ETH Zürich. The team used a microscope objective to obtain high-resolution images of a conduction channel that is about 18 µm wide and about 30 µm long. The channel is created by focusing a laser into two lobes – with the channel existing in the dark region between the lobes.
The channel separates two reservoirs that are filled with a gas of about 40,000 lithium-6 atoms that has been cooled to 250 nK. A magnetic field gradient is applied to the system during the cooling process, which results in a higher density of atoms in the reservoir on the right than on the left.
The field gradient is then switched off and atoms begin to conduct through the channel from right to left. An important property of the gas is that the average distance an atom travels before it collides with another atom is more than 40 times the length of the channel. This means that most atoms will fly straight through the channel like bullets – and this ballistic conduction is something that is believed to occur in tiny conductors such as carbon nanotubes.
Ohm's law for atoms
Esslinger and team first focused on this ballistic case and found that conduction occurred in a manner analogous to ohmic electrical conduction – that is, the rate at which atoms move from one reservoir (analogous to electrical current) is proportional to the difference in the numbers of atoms in each reservoir (analogous to electrical voltage) and a constant that is related to the conductance of the channel. This analogy is strengthened by the fact that, like the electron, lithium-6 is a fermion. This means that at low temperatures the energy levels of the gas resemble that of an ensemble of electrons.
Ohmic conduction is expected when atoms jostle their way through a disordered channel scattering in a diffusive manner. Therefore it might – at first glance – seem strange that ohmic behaviour applies to ballistic atoms that don't collide as they move through the channel. The key to understanding this, according to Esslinger, is thinking about what happens to the atoms at the boundary between the right reservoir and the channel. At this point, an atom can either fly straight through the channel or be reflected back in a quantum-mechanical process first described in 1957 by the German-American physicist Rolf Landauer.
So even though they don't scatter as they travel through the channel, their scattering at the entrance results in an ohmic conductance. The behaviour was verified by using the microscope to measure the density of atoms throughout the channel. This revealed an abrupt change in density at the interface with the right reservoir and a relatively constant density throughout the channel. This confirms that most of the scattering occurs at the interface rather than in the channel.
Linear density drop
The team then repeated the experiment with the parameters of the channel changed so that diffusive scattering occurs. This is done by introducing laser speckle to the channel. Again the researchers measured ohmic behaviour, but with a different conductance constant. Microscope images reveal that the atomic density drops linearly along the channel – which suggests that the conduction is diffusive.
Now that they have performed the studies in an ultracold atomic gas, Esslinger and collegaues are keen to study ballistic conduction when the atoms interact with each other. This can be done by applying carefully selected magnetic fields to the atoms to create so-called Feshbach resonances.
The research is reported in Science.
About the author
Hamish Johnston is editor of physicsworld.com


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Turbulent properties of internal waves in the South China Sea
St. Laurent, Louis C.
Simmons, Harper L.
Tang, Tswen Yung
Wang, YuHuai
MetadataShow full item record
Citable URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/1912/4998
As publishedhttps://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2011.96
Luzon Strait and South China Sea waters are among the most energetic internal wave environments in the global ocean. Strong tides and stratification in Luzon Strait give rise to internal waves that propagate west into the South China Sea. The energy carried by the waves is dissipated via turbulent processes. Here, we present and contrast the relatively few direct observations of turbulent dissipation in South China Sea internal waves. Frictional processes active in the bottom boundary layer dissipate some of the energy along China's continental shelf. It appears that more energy is lost in Taiwanese waters of the Dongsha Plateau, where the waves reach their maximum amplitudes, and where the bottom topography abruptly shoals from 3,000 m in the deep basin to 1,000 m and shallower on the plateau. There, energy dissipation by turbulence reaches 1 W m–2, on par with the conversion rates of Luzon Strait.
Author Posting. © The Oceanography Society, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of The Oceanography Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Oceanography 24 no. 4 (2011): 78–87, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2011.96.

subset: commoncrawl


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Paulo Filho. Photo property of World Extreme Cagefighting.
Even before Paulo Filho competed for World Extreme Cagefighting, UFC middleweight champion Anderson Silva stated that he would not fight him because of their long-standing friendship.
At the time, it was a blow to all those that wanted to see the fight happen. However times have changed. The reality is that neither fighter has a decent amount of viable contenders left in their respective divisions. With the WEC all but set to merge some of it's weight classes into the UFC next year, one has to assume that Filho and Silva would eventually be forced to clash.
According to Ed Soares, the cult-favorite manager of both fighters, it could happen:
"If that's the fight that the world wants to see, then I guess we're going to have to sit back and talk about it," Soares told MMA Weekly. "I think that's going to be a hard one to get across to both sides."
"They're friends, they've been together," Soares continued. "But at the end of the day, it's a business, and sometimes you've gotta go in there, and you shake hands. They've been on each other for free in training. I can just tell you that it would really have to be something that makes sense for both guys."
Soares also went on to say that he has spoken to UFC and WEC officials about the potential matchup, most likely in a capacity that would see Filho unify his WEC middleweight belt with Silva's UFC title. That's if Filho gets past Chael Sonnen on Sept. 10.
Next entry: Affliction Considering Sylvia-LeBanner
Previous entry: Ken Shamrock, Leg Breaker


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Lebkuchen (Cook's Illustrated)
Total Time
Prep 30 mins
Cook 13 mins
If using a standing mixer in step 2, use the paddle attachment. The cookie dough will be very sticky, and the final cookie will have a soft, chewy, and slightly cakey texture. Testing the cookies for doneness can be a bit tricky; we found it easiest to check the edges of the cookies for firmness (they should be set), and the tops for cracking (there should be lots of tiny cracks).
Ingredients Nutrition
30 30 cookies US
- 6 ounces hazelnuts, unblanched toasted and cooled (about 1 1/4 cups)
- 6 ounces whole almonds, unblanched toasted and cooled (about 1 cup)
- 3⁄4 cup granulated sugar (5 1/4 ounces)
- 1 1⁄2 teaspoons ground cinnamon
- 1⁄2 teaspoon ground cardamom
- 1⁄2 teaspoon nutmeg, freshly grated
- 3 tablespoons orange zest (3 oranges)
- 2 tablespoons lemon zest (2 lemons)
- 1 1⁄2 cups unbleached all-purpose flour (7 1/2 ounces)
- 2 tablespoons Dutch-processed cocoa powder
- 1⁄2 teaspoon salt
- 6 tablespoons unsalted butter, softened (3/4 stick)
- 3⁄4 cup light brown sugar, packed (5 1/4 ounces)
- 4 large eggs
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
- 1 3⁄4 cups confectioners' sugar (7 ounces)
- 1⁄4 cup whole milk
- For the cookies: Heat the oven to 350 °F. Line two baking sheets with parchment paper. Process toasted nuts, granulated sugar, cinnamon, cardamom, and nutmeg in a food processor to a fine meal, 30 to 60 seconds, stopping and scraping the sides as needed. Add the orange and lemon zest, and continue to process until combined, about 15 seconds; set aside.
- In a small bowl, whisk together the flour, cocoa, and salt; set aside. In a large bowl, beat the butter and brown sugar together using an electric mixer at medium speed until light and fluffy, about 2 minutes, scraping down the sides of the bowl as needed. Add the eggs and vanilla, and continue to mix until incorporated. Add the flour mixture and continue to mix until combined, about 1 minute. Add the ground nut mixture and continue to mix until evenly combined.
- Portion 2-tablespoon-sized mounds of dough (you can use a small ice cream scoop), spaced about 1 1/2 inches apart, onto the baking sheets (each sheet should hold about 10 cookies and you should have enough dough left for another sheet of cookies).
- Bake the cookies until the edges are firm and the tops are puffed with tiny cracks, 13 to 18 minutes, rotating and switching the sheets halfway through the baking time. Set the cookies aside to cool on the baking sheets until set, about 5 minutes, then transfer the cookies to a wire rack to cool completely. Reline one of the baking sheets with parchment paper, portion out the remaining dough into cookies, and bake as directed.
- For the glaze: When the cookies are cool, whisk the confectioners' sugar and milk together in a medium bowl until smooth and incorporated. (If the glaze begins to dry out as it sits, add water, 1 teaspoon at a time, to loosen.) Using a pastry brush, brush a thin layer of the glaze over the tops of the cookies, and let sit until the glaze has set, about 10 minutes.


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Meet Ariana
Hi, my name is Ariana Mieko Kanaya and I'm 10 years old. I have an older brother who's 14. I am both Japanese and Mexican and think both of my cultures are cool! I love to eat and discover new flavors…I could eat all day. I enjoy eating sushi, like California rolls and kappa maki….I've even eaten eel before! Some of my favorite healthy foods are edamame, strawberries, watermelon, and bell peppers (all colors)! One thing I like to make is fruit smoothies because they're healthy and yummy. When I do have a sweet it'll be anything with chocolate but my all time favorite desert is BROWINES!
Two sports I play are soccer and basketball. I also take piano lessons and have been a Girl Scout for 4years. I love to sing, draw, read, and write stories. When I grow up I would like to be a singer, actor, be in a musical, be a writer, or an artist. THAT'S ME, NOW LETS ALL EAT HEALTHY!!!!!!!!


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Theology 101 Holy Spirit and Holy Scripture: Enablement for Applicationcomment (0)
July 31, 2014
By Jerry Batson
In the past two weeks we have pondered the work of the Holy Spirit in inspiring the writing of the Bible and in illumining in us the truth He enabled to be expressed through human language. Even so, the Spirit's involvement with the Bible did not end with His inspiration of its production nor does it end with illumination for our understanding. As we handle the Bible the Holy Spirit stands ready to help us understand how the meaning of Scripture can and should be applied to our lives and our world.
Occasionally someone speaks of receiving new revelation from the Bible. While we understand what they mean it would be better to think either of new, fresh understanding of the revelation that has been there all along or maybe to describe the experience as gaining new insight in how the Scripture applies to us. God's self-revelation was indeed progressive or unfolding as people were increasingly able to receive it. However, with the completion of the Bible, God completed His revelation to us through Holy Scripture. What continues and progresses is our understanding and application of God's truth. This possibility accounts for a common testimony that says, "Every time I read the Bible I gain something new or see something I never understood before, even when reading passages I have often read before."
Putting truth into practice
The Holy Spirit actively seeks to lead us into greater understanding of the Bible and to more careful and complete application of truth to life. We might think of it as the Spirit of truth taking the Word of truth and making us understand how to put truth into practice. Hebrews 4:12 puts it this way, "For the Word of God is living and active, sharper than any two-edged sword." The presence of the Holy Spirit in us wants always to make the Bible come alive to us and active in us, not just at the level of understanding its meaning but also at the level of making us "doers of the Word and not hearers only" (James 1:22).
The Holy Spirit is God's agent working in His children for accomplishing His will. He works in us to create the desire to do His will and to supply the power needed to do so. Philippians 2:13 sets this forth, "For it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for His good pleasure."
Love one another
Take for example, the Bible's admonitions that we love our neighbor (Matt. 19:19; 22:39). The Holy Spirit inspired James to declare, "If you really fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself,' you are doing well" (James 2:8). We are doing well by this biblical mandate, when we practice loving one another, not when we understand the principle of loving others. The admonition of 1 John 3:18 puts it, "Little children, let us not love in word or talk but in deed and in truth." How are we able to do this? The Holy Spirit becomes our Helper, according to Romans 5:5, "God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us."


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Suarez-Arrones, Luis1; Portillo, Luis J.2; García, Jose M.2; Calvo-Lluch, Africa1; Roberts, Simon P.3; Mendez-Villanueva, Alberto4
Abstract: Suarez-Arrones, L, Portillo, LJ, García, JM, Calvo-Lluch, A, Roberts, SP, and Mendez-Villanueva, A. Running demands and heart rate response in rugby union referees. J Strength Cond Res 27(11): 2946–2951, 2013—The aim of this study was to examine the match physical demands and exercise intensity associated with men rugby union refereeing using global positioning system technology. Ten male rugby union referees (age, 37.1 ± 5.9 years; body mass, 83.7 ± 4.8 kg; height, 175.5 ± 6.2 cm) were analyzed 2–4 times during a total of 30 national level matches. The average total distance covered by the referees throughout the game was 6,322.2 ± 564.9 m. As a percentage of total distance, 37.3% (2,356.9 ± 291.3 m) was spent walking, 24.1% (1,524.4 ± 229.4 m) jogging, 10.4% (656.2 ± 130.7 m) running at low intensity, 17.6% (1,110.3 ± 212.2 m) at medium intensity, 5.5% (347.1 ± 27.1 m) at high intensity, and 5.2% (328.1 ± 230.3 m) at sprint. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in running performance was observed between the first and the second halves in the last 3 speed zones. When the total distance traveled during consecutive 10-minute periods was compared, there was a significantly greater distance covered in the first 10 minutes of the game (876.3 ± 163 m) compared with 50–60 minutes (679.8 ± 117.6 m), 60–70 minutes (713.03 ± 122.3 m), and 70–80 minutes (694.2 ± 125.7 m; all p < 0.05). The average heart rate responses were similar (p > 0.05) in the first (157 ± 7 b·min−1; 85% HRmax) and second half (155 ± 7 b·min−1; 84% HRmax). This study provides evidence of reduced high-intensity running toward the end of the game. These findings offer important information to design better training strategies adapted to the requirements and demands of rugby union refereeing.
Copyright © 2013 by the National Strength & Conditioning Association.
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text: We are so excited to share with you our newest kit, Festive Holiday! If you are getting all your goodies out for the upcoming holiday, then you will love this kit for all your pictures, memories and moments! This kit is fabulous and has some amazing goodies in it. Also, we have a brand new December Desktop freebie and an awesome Deer Santa Sale for a limited time only! So hurry on over to the shoppe and grab some of your favorite festive scrapbooking goods!!!


text:
Ridgid 64977 918-I Roll Grooving Machine 62822 / 64192
The RIDGID Model 918-I Roll Grooving Machine is capable of grooving 1" to 8" schedule 40 and 1" to 12" schedule 10 pipe faster than any roll grooving machine in its class. Powered by a 1.2 HP universal motor and heavy duty transmission, the 918-I produces high quality grooves consistently and effortlessly.
The 918-I comes standard with a rugged wheel stand built for mobility in the shop without compromising stability. The stand's tray is tough enough to support 200 lbs.
The 918-I uses a custom-designed, two-stage hydraulic pump that minimizes pipe flare, operator fatigue and hydraulic fluid leaks.
Standard Equipment
- Part #: 64977
- Category: Roll Grooving
- Brand: Ridgid
- Weight: 250.0000
- Ridgid Tool Type: Electric


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WEF Discussion Forums
Laboratory Management and Technical Issues
Preservation of Grabs and Comps
The way I read this note is that if the method does not discuss preservation, then follow this criteria. Note 2 states "except where noted in this TAble II and the method for the parameter. The method we use states that samples are to be analyzed within 24 hrs or if held longer, then preserve. I think you can make an argument that since the method allows 24 hr. holding before preservation, that this superceeds this note.


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Investigating Energy Transfer Using Music and Lasers
- Grades: 3–5
One of the coolest experiments to conduct when teaching energy transfer is one that uses various music genres and a laser pointer. It's a fairly simple experiment to set up and it leaves a lasting impression on students.
By bouncing the laser beam from a laser pointer off an elastic surface, students can not only "see" that sound is vibration, but work through/reinforce the scientific thought process as well. Here is a list of what you will need to set and run the experiment:
1. CD player
2. tall tin can (with both ends removed)
3. large balloon
4. laser pointer
5. duct tape or Velcro
6. CD with various genres of music
7. small mirror
After removing both ends of the can with a can opener, cut a circular piece of the balloon and stretch it over one end of the can and tape the edges to the outside of the can. The surface should be taut. Next, take the small mirror and attach it to the piece of balloon that you attached to the can. Tape or Velcro the can (open end facing the speaker) to one of the speakers on the CD player, it's perfectly fine that the opening of the can doesn't cover the entire speaker. I set the CD player on a stool or desk in front of my white board and finally attach the laser pointer to the tray on my white board so the beam of light is pointed at the mirror on the can which causes the beam of red light to be reflected back onto the white board.
Before we begin the experiment, the class and I discuss all of the energy transfers that will take place once we begin this experiment. This is also a great opportunity to reinforce the Law of Conservation of Energy. I have the students hypothesize which genre of music will cause the most vibrations (or will move the light the most). They record their hypotheses and it generally leads to more discussion on the genres I chose. Students then rank the genres in terms of which they think will cause the most vibration. After playing each song and observing vibrations, conclusions are discussed and hypotheses reconsidered. While simple, this experiment is one that my students love because it is so powerful for them to actually visualize the vibration of the music.
All the best-


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Students (2013-14)
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San Diego State University kicked off its first-ever comprehensive fundraising campaign by announcing $1.6 million in new gifts.
To date, the campaign has raised more than $271 million toward its $500 million goal.
The "public phase" of the Campaign for SDSU officially launched at a Sept. 16 event at Viejas Arena.
President Elliot Hirshman announced the six gifts, all of which will support important programs and people at SDSU. But, one gift had personal meaning for the president, who started earlier this summer — a personal contribution of $100,000 from him and his wife Jeri.
Supporting extraordinary students
"The Campaign for SDSU is for our extraordinary students, who will be the future leaders of San Diego and our nation. It's for students from diverse backgrounds. For students who face financial challenges, and for students with special artistic, academic and athletic gifts," Hirshman said.
"The campaign is also for our faculty and staff members who are educating that next generation of leaders, those who are carrying out the cutting-edge research, advancing the arts and humanities, and addressing pressing social problems. And it's for the faculty and staff who are building those relationships with the community that we value so highly."
Important giftsThe other gifts announced at the event include:
The Campaign for SDSU is the first university-wide fundraising campaign in SDSU history. It includes all of SDSU's colleges, SDSU Athletics and KPBS.
"We believe leadership starts here at San Diego State," Campanile Foundation chair Kit Sickels said to the crowd.
"And, with your support, our students, our faculty and our staff will provide the best and brightest to the region and beyond."
About the Campaign for SDSU
Funding raised by the university will help attract and retain top faculty, support innovative programs and assist talented students through scholarships, as well as move the university forward with strategic investments in people and programs.
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Teacher Maternity Leave Letter
Every teacher has to plan their leave whenever they are deciding to stay away from work for some period. Planning for this is more crucial, especially if the leave is for a maternity purpose. However, planning is often stressful and confusing since most of the teachers are not clear about their maternity leave procedures. If you follow these tips given here for your maternity leave, you can enjoy your leave without any worry.
Time Factor
Time is important when you are planning your maternity leave. You should react as soon as you get information about being pregnant from your doctor. Speak to your employer and let him know about the date you would go on a maternity leave. Planning earlier will help you ease out your stress.
Consider the Substitute
When you are thinking about a substitute who will be teaching the students in your absence, it is possible that he/she is not from your background. You have to prepare the subject plan in such a way that both the substitute teacher and the students are comfortable. If there is still time for the exam, you can cover the complex topic when you return from your maternity leave. Allow some freedom for the substitute teacher to take decisions as they feel appropriate.
You can also request the school management for a substitute who has a similar background like you. You can as well suggest few names of the teachers who you feel can handle the responsibility better in your absence. Mostly, the school authorities comply with your wishes if it is for the students' benefits. If possible, meet the substitute teacher before going on the leave.
When everything is discussed with the substitute, it is time to write your maternity leave letter to the school board. As usual, the letter should inform them about your pregnancy and the date you are going on leave, and your returning date. A doctor's certificate that confirms your pregnancy is a mandatory document that needs to be attached with the application. Check out with the school administration department if they have any medical form to be filled at the time of leave. Make the letter short and keep a copy of the same with you for further reference.
Teacher's Name
City, State, Zip Code
Contact Number
Email ID
Reader's Name
School Name
City, State, Zip Code
Dear Mr./Ms. (reader's name),
This letter is to inform you that I intend to go on my maternity leave starting from (date of leave). I will resume my teaching work from (date of return). In short, I will be staying away from my job for a total of six weeks.
I am enclosing my pregnancy confirmation report for your reference. I have met the substitute teacher, Ms. ABC and explained her about the subject that needs to be covered in my absence. I have also given her my contact number, in case she needs to contact me for any assistance.
I thank you in advance for considering my request. I will keep you posted if I have to join early or extend my leave.
Yours sincerely,
(Teacher's Name)
Even when you are planning to return to work before completing your maternity leave, you have to give three-week notice of return to work to the school board. So, whenever the time comes for going on a maternity leave read this excerpt carefully and help yourself with your plan.


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Annetta Pope-Dotson says she wants to serve the city's district two for another two year term on council.
She says she'll seek the seat in the May 11 election.
Pope-Dotson is a Wichita Falls native and a 1985 graduate of Rider High School.
She says she returned to the city after spending more than 22 years in the Air Force.
If re-elected, Pope-Dotson says she wants to continue her goals of beautification and the building up of District Two.
Other city seats up for grabs in the election include Councilor at Large and Councilor District One.
Copyright 2016 Nexstar Broadcasting, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.


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Every month, Club Members & Magpies will win some great money-cant-buy opportunities including visits to the training ground and meeting the team, plus many more, details of each competition will be announced in the Members Blog, all current competitions can be found below.
Sign up today and become a member for your chance to win.
Newcastle United will continue giving more to Club Members by offering fans the chance to sit in the directors box & be named as the Member of the Match for each home game.
The lucky member and guest will enjoy hospitality in the St. James' Park directors guest lounge and also have their name heralded to the whole stadium at half-time on the electronic pitch side advertising boards.
Club Member Alan Bradshaw, of Whickham, was selected as the very first winner of this fantastic prize for the home game against Fulham on Sunday, 28th August 2011, and said:
"When I signed up to become a Club Member and read the benefits I never expected this to be part of it... But what a fantastic opportunity to have the chance to sit in the directors box for the Fulham game and my name in front of thousands at St James' Park."
One lucky Member plus guest is randomly selected from all active members, including all season ticket holders for each home game. Each Member will be notified one week before every home game.
All competitions are subject to availability. Newcastle United reserves the right to substitute a prize of equivalent or greater value if this is necessary for reasons beyond its control. No cash alternative will be offered for any prize.


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You've got to be pretty nerdy to spend any time at all thinking about where Middle-earth is in the real world. To spend enough time to actually determine where it is...oh, well, that takes a special brand of nerdiness that should reserve you a wing in the Hall of Fame. Yet, here it is. The information you've all been waiting for. Where was Tolkien's Middle-earth on a map of actual Earth?
Start with England and then work your way out. That's the epicenter of the whole Lord of the Rings universe. Of course, from working backward (starting with The Shire) it's easier to determine where everything in the universes correspond. Ok, so we'll admit that it's kinda neat, but still...c'mon, nerds. Put those giant brains to a purpose!
Strange Maps: 121 - Where On Earth Was Middle-earth?


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|By Redaznable (Redaznable) on Sunday, January 11, 2004 - 08:45 am: Edit
I just applied to Tufts, Vandy(ED2), Duke and was wondering what my chances were with these stats:
ACT: composite score of 29
GPA: 3.9 u/w (hardest courseload at a tiny parochial school, graduating with 32 credits)
Rank: 1/35 (yea, small school)
Current Classes:
General Psyche (dual enroll at comm college)
Freshman Comp 1-2 (dual enroll)
Asian humanities (dual enroll)
Marine Science
Computer Technology (A+ Certification, heh)
AP Calc-AB
So far all A's in my classes...hoping Dual Enrollment doesn't own me.
Boy Scouts- Eagle Scout
Community service in BSA, lots!
2 Years District Election Chairman for Order of the Arrow (think NHS of BSA), more comm service.
8 years karate- Black belt
NHS- Secretary
HOBY Ambassabor
2 yr's animation training under a Disney animator.
Some state Bio awards and top of class awards...
Some regional science fair stuff.
work experience:
horrible cashiering job at winn-dixie that lasted about...4 months before i resigned.
Few other things I can't remember right now.
Had excellent recs and pretty good essays.
Oh, and I'm lookin' into biology/east asian studies as my majors (wierd, eh?). Anyhow, I know that apps have already been submitted and all that, but I just discovered this board. Any input's greatly appeciated, thank!
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Friday, March 23, 2012 12:00 AM
Parents/Guardians Consider:
Remember, you are creating your child's memories… good or bad; life-giving and joyful or…?!
Remember to create "soft landing" memories, not bruising, bumpy remembrances.
Tell your children: "I am so blessed, happy, to have you as my child." – Tell your child often…And often…And again and again…AND AGAIN!


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GRAND RAPIDS, Mich. — Barring textbooks, Meijer has everything a college kid needs this back-to-school season … even tuition. As part of a social media blitz promoting dorm-room deliveries and a range of essentials, the chain is hosting an "Awkward Photo" competition with a $20,000 prize for tuition. "Make good use of that bad photo," reads the Dr Pepper-sponsored contest's Facebook page. As of last week, 1,600 photos had been viewed by ...
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2G: Chacko rejects BJP demand to quiz PM
New Delhi: On a day the BJP boycotted the Joint Parliamentary Committee (JPC) probing the 2G spectrum allocation over its demand for calling the Prime Minister as a witness, the panel chief and Congress MP PC Chacko on Thursday rejected the plea, saying he has no intention of setting a precedent in this regard.
However, he has agreed to refer another request for summoning the finance minister to depose before the JPC to Speaker Meira Kumar, who is the only person authorised to take a call on calling ministers as witnesses.
Chacko`s ruling came after discussions with other members of the 30-member committee. On Wednesday, the panel recorded the oral evidence of Planning Commission Secretary Sindhushree Khullar, who was a former additional secretary in the department of economic affairs of the Finance Ministry.
The Left members of the panel - the CPM`s Sitaram Yechury and CPI`s Gurudas Dasgupta - also want the finance minister to be called as a witness, though they are not in favour of the Prime Minister deposing.
"There is no precedent to call the prime minister as a witness to any parliamentary committee. The rules and directions for the JPC also do not permit summoning the Prime Minister or even other ministers. I have no intention of setting any precedent," Chacko told reporters here.
"However, after discussing with the members, I have decided to refer the demand for calling the finance minister as a witness to the speaker for a decision. Whatever decision she takes will be acceptable to me as chairman of the JPC," he said.
Earlier in the day, the six Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) members kept away from the JPC meeting, angered by what they called the Chacko`s "indecision" on calling Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, Finance Minister P Chidambaram and former communications ministers Dayanidhi Maran and A Raja to appear before the panel.
BJP sources told a news agency that the six party members boycotted the meeting after writing a letter to Chacko on the issue and asking him to take a decision on their demand at the earliest.
One of the BJP members in the JPC - former finance minister Yashwant Sinha - told reporters here that even after 22 days of the BJP`s request for calling the four witnesses, Chacko has not responded with a decision.
"There is no reason to attend the JPC meeting till the time the chairman informs us on the final list of witnesses. Even after 22 days of our request, the chairman has been not responded with a decision. He has been dismissing our suggestions," Sinha said.
He also noted that the BJP "wanted the truth to be brought out" and that was the purpose of making the demand.
"But the Congress wants to cover up the truth and is trying to waste time," Sinha said, claiming the ruling party wanted to finalise the JPC report without the vital witnesses being questioned.
Another BJP member, Dharmendra Pradhan, echoed Sinha`s views. "The Congress does not want the truth to come out or to fight corruption," he added.
Chacko said no parliamentary panel has ever summoned a prime minister to depose before it and that he could not allow such a demand.
On other ministers being called before the JPC, the Congress MP said the rules did not permit this too, though he has now referred the demand to the speaker for a decision.
Chacko also noted that the JPC was looking at spectrum policies from 1998 to 2009, and that if the yardstick the BJP wants applied in the case of Chidambaram was applied to the NDA rule period between 1998 and 2004, then two members of the JPC from the BJP - Yashwant Sinha and Jaswant Singh - too may have to be called to depose.
"This will pose difficulties for me as the chairperson. I cannot allow such a situation," he said.
On the BJP calling him "dictatorial", Chacko said: "I am not unhappy over this. This is a political stand of the BJP members. However, in person, they have a lot of love and affection for me. Personally, they are very close to me."
Meanwhile, Communist Party of India (CPI) leader Gurudas Dasgupta walked out of the meeting after a war of words with Congress member Shashi Tharoor over what the former called "defending" a witness who is deposing being against the procedures of the panel.
"I walked out as defending a witness when the witness is deposing before a committee is against the procedures. Tharoor has created a bad precedence," Dasgupta told reporters here.
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Index of content:
Volume 40, Issue 1, 01 January 1964
Notes on Resolution in Scattering Measurements40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724829View Description Hide Description
The instrumental factors that determine the resolution of an atomic beam apparatus in the measurement of total scattering cross sections are discussed. A definition of resolution as the minimum scattering angle for which the efficiency of detection of scattering is 50% is proposed.
Ion—Molecule Reactions in Methane and in Ethane40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724893View Description Hide Description
Ion—molecule reactions in methane, in methane—methane‐d 4 mixture, and in ethane have been studied up to a pressure of 0.08 Torr in the ion source of the mass spectrometer.
Ionization‐efficiency curves, appearance potentials, and pressure‐dependence studies have allowed the parent—daughter ion relationship and the cross sections of the pertinent reactions to be determined.
Shear and Structural Relaxation in Molten Zinc Chloride40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724847View Description Hide Description
Longitudinal ultrasonic absorption and velocity measurements were made in molten zinc chloride in the frequency range 5–95 Mc/sec. Shear relaxation measurements were obtained in the frequency range 43–118 Mc/sec. A single relaxation time was observed for the absorption of longitudinal waves at each temperature investigated. The absorption data demonstrated the existence of a volume viscosity which was found attributable to a structural single‐relaxation mechanism. Shear and structuralrelaxations were both present with the same single relaxation time. The activation energies for the shear and compressional flows are approximately equal. The variation of the relaxation time with temperature is in accordance with the rate theory. The shear modulus and the relaxational part of the compressional modulus increase exponentially with decreasing temperature. The temperature dependence of the former is predicted by the two‐state model of the hole theory. From numerous physical properties of molten zinc chloride and from the known crystalline state, a structural model is proposed for the melt. Two points are emphasized: (1) that there exist large ion complexes and (2) that there is a lack of network character in liquid ZnCl2. Based on this model, an explanation of the existence of distribution of relaxation times, observed in the glass‐forming network liquids, is offered which attributes the presence of a whole spectrum of relaxation times in these liquids to the cooperative nature of their flow process. The measured single relaxation time of molten zinc chloride owes its origin to its nonnetwork character.
Transference Phenomena in Liquid Electrolytes40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724888View Description Hide Description
Examination of transference number experiments in fused salt systems reveals that there is a nonspecific interaction with the walls of the containing cell. Attention is directed to the boundary layer on one side of which the electrolyte meets laminar boundary conditions and on the other side of which the bulk flow pattern prevails. A formal description of the phenomenon is obtained in terms of partial viscosities of each species. In fused salt systems the dimensions of the transition layer are estimated as being of the order of magnitude of the ionic radius so that the partial viscosities should be viewed as a device for treating the transition layer and not as being vested with hydrodynamic significance. In other electrolytes the boundary layer may be considerably larger.
Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrum of MnCl2 in Molten Alkali Halides40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724889View Description Hide Description
Paramagnetic resonance data is presented for the systems MnCl2 in KCl, in LiCl, and in the LiCl/KCl eutectic over a broad temperature range (25° to 900°C), and a composition range from pure MnCl2 to 0.005M solutions. In the molten state hyperfine structure is observed at dilutions of 0.06M and below, whereas at higher concentrations only a single broad line is seen. The transition concentration (from hyperfine to no hyperfine splitting visible) is almost two orders of magnitude lower than the corresponding transition for aqueous manganese solutions. A preliminary discussion is given in terms of Anderson's theory.
Photosensitivity of Germanium Electrodes as a Function of Quantum Energy40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724890View Description Hide Description
In this work the relative photosensitivities H = | Δφ/F | i=const of a germaniumanode and a germaniumcathode were determined as a function of quantum energy (Δφ=electrode potential change caused by light, F = quantum flux, measured in quanta/cm2 sec, and i = current density of electrode). The first increase in the photosensitivity H (E ν) of a n‐Ge anode occurs at a quantum energy E ν≈0.93 eV, the second increase at E ν≈1.10 eV, and one relative sensitivity minimum at E ν≈1.27 eV. The sensitivity was approximately constant at larger quantum energies.
According to earlier experimental results, the slow phase in a dissolution reaction of Ge at a Geanode is the breaking of the bond. The form of the sensitivity spectrum can therefore be explained on this basis. The holes, which have an excess energy for activation, break the bond of a Ge atom to the lattice immediately and lead to a fast excess reaction and to a strong photosensitivity.
The photosensitivity spectrum of a p‐Ge cathode is of the same shape as that of a n‐Ge anode. One may therefore make a conclusion, that the photoeffect of a Gecathode is due to the fast dissolution reaction caused by holes with excess energy. The author proposes that this reaction is the dissolution of germanium as germane.
Some Excited States of the Hydrogen Molecule. I. 1Π u (1s2pΠ) and 3Π u (1s2pΠ)40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724891View Description Hide Description
Theoretical potential curves, spectroscopic constants, and expectation values for some one‐electron operators are given for the 3Π u (1s2pΠ) (metastable) and 1Π u (1s2pΠ) states of the hydrogen molecule. Total energies of 0.7145 and 0.7334 a.u. are obtained for 1Π u and 3Π u , respectively. The experimental total energies are 0.7186 and 0.7381 a.u. for 1Π u and 3Π u , respectively. The maximum in the potential curve of the 1Π u state is found to be much smaller and to occur at a larger internuclear separation (0.02 eV at R≈8.5 a.u.) than estimated by previous theoretical calculations (0.1 eV at R≈4.5 a.u.). Our 1Π u curve is reasonably consistent with the observed data of Herzberg and Monfils.
Heats of Mixing in Binary‐Liquid—Alkali‐Metal Mixtures40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724892View Description Hide Description
The enthalpies of mixing in all the binary‐liquid alloys formed among the alkali metalssodium,potassium,rubidium, and cesium have been measured by reactioncalorimetry at 111°±2°C. All systems except rubidium—cesium show positive enthalpies of mixing. There is a tendency for the mixing enthalpies to become more positive and also more unsymmetrical as the two metals become more separated in the periodic table.
A comparison of the new enthalpy data with reported phase‐diagram information indicates that the three liquid alloys which contain sodium all exhibit nearly ideal entropies of mixing. For potassium—rubidium, potassium—cesium, and rubidium—cesium, the new heat data, combined with the available phase diagrams, permit estimates to be made of the excess free energies of mixing in the solid solutions.
Heat Capacity of α‐NiSO4·6H2O between 1 and 20°K. Electronic Energy Levels of the Ni++ Ion40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724894View Description Hide Description
The heat capacity of α‐NiSO4·6H2O has been measured over the temperature range between 1 and 20°K. The heat capacity passes through a rounded maximum of 1.51 cal deg—1 mole—1 at 2.58°K. The magnetic contribution to the heat capacity is well fitted by that calculated for the three spin states associated with the singly degenerate ground orbital level of the Ni++. From the heat‐capacity data the energy spacing between the lowest and middle spin states is calculated to be 4.48±0.07 cm—1 and between the lowest and highest spin states 5.05±0.07 cm—1. The magnetic susceptibilities in the directions of the three principal axes of a Ni++ ion are calculated and, by comparison with literature data on the magnetic anisotropy and single‐crystal magnetic susceptibilities, the orientations of these axes relative to the crystal axes are deduced. Data of other investigators on the magneto‐optical rotation and high field magnetization are interpreted.
Absolute Quantum Yield Measurements of the NO–O Reaction and Its Use as a Standard for Chemiluminescent Reactions40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724895View Description Hide Description
The spectral distribution of the chemiluminescent reactions O+NO→NO2+hv has been determined over the wavelength region 3875–14 000 Å. The absolute rate constant was determined by a method of chemical actinometry which required only relative intensity measurements and which is virtually free from geometry errors. The rate constant over this spectral region was found to be 6.4×10—17 cm3 molecule—1 sec—1 within an accuracy of 30%. This reaction can be used as a standard from which the rate constants for other chemiluminescent reactions can be readily obtained without requiring detector calibration or geometry corrections.
Compressibility of Pyrolytic Graphite40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724896View Description Hide Description
The compressibility of pyrolytic graphite has been dynamically measured at pressures up to 0.5 megabar by utilizing explosive‐generated shock waves. Shock and free‐surface velocities normal and parallel to the original plane of graphite deposition were measured optically. The Rankine—Hugoniot shock‐wave equations were used to determine the compression points corresponding to the measuredvelocities. The measurements failed to distinguish statistically between the two major crystal directions in regard to dynamic compressibility characteristics. The measured pressure—volume data for pyrolytic graphite and the results of Alder and Christian on natural graphite differ significantly at pressures above 100 kilobars. Within the range of the present experiments no transition of pyrolytic graphite to diamond was found.
Pariser—Parr Calculations and Electro‐Optical Effects in Benzene40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724898View Description Hide Description
Pariser—Parr calculations were done for the singlet states of benzene using singly and doubly excited configurations. Good agreement is obtained with the experimental locations of the 1 B 2u , 1 B 1u , and 1 E 1u states as well as the oscillator strength of the 1 A 1g →1 E 1u transition. The 1 E 2g state is calculated to be 0.5 eV above the 1 E 1u state and its photodissociation can be deduced from its bond orders. A possible assignment of the 1 A 1g →1 E 2g transition is discussed. On the basis of this simple model, electro‐optical effects are small, such as the Stark shift for the 1 E 1u and 1 B 1u states.
Pair Correlations in Closed‐Shell Systems40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724899View Description Hide Description
Pair function equations have been derived exactly for a restricted class of trial functions containing only closed‐orbital pair correlations. In a matrix representation, it is shown that they reduce to a homogeneous pseudo‐eigenvalue equation. The results are equally applicable to any set of unitarily transformed set of Hartree—Fock orbitals. Comparisons are made with the Sinanoğlu scheme, and computational problems are discussed.
Electric Conductance in Liquid Hydrocarbons. II. Methyl‐Substituted Benzenes40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724900View Description Hide Description
The electric conductance of methyl‐substituted benzenes has been determined between 20° and 65°C both in the presence and in the absence of oxygen over a range of electric fields (50 to 1200 V/cm). Five of the six compounds studied resembled benzene in their electric behavior. Although the conduction level decreased with increasing number of substituent methyl groups, the thermal activation energy, within experimental error, was the same and was similar to that of benzene. The behavior of 1,3,5‐trimethylbenzene was found to differ in all respects from the other members of this series. Its temperature dependence and over‐all conduction level were, however, closely similar to that of saturated hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or n‐hexane. The unusual behavior of this compound suggests that the available π electrons cannot participate in the conduction process. The steric arrangement of the methyl groups appears to significantly influence the conduction process. These findings have been interpreted to suggest the existence of an electron transfer mechanism involving sterically favorable molecular collisions.
Electric Conduction in Liquid Hydrocarbons. III. Comparison of Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724901View Description Hide Description
The electric conductance of aliphatic and olefinic type hydrocarbons has been determined between 25° and 65°C. both in the presence and absence of oxygen using electric fields of 50 to 1200 V/cm. Based on the observed potential distribution, the thermal activation energies, and the conductivities, it was concluded that conduction processes of the two types of compounds are distinctly different. The conduction in aliphatic hydrocarbons appears to be attributable to the presence of very low concentrations of polar impurities. Olefinic‐type hydrocarbons were found to have higher conductivities as structurally similar aliphatic compounds. Also, their thermal activation energies were consistently higher than those obtained for aliphatic compounds. This difference in behavior has been attributed to the presence of π electrons in the olefinic hydrocarbons. It is suggested that the conduction in unsaturated hydrocarbons involves an electron jumping process which is independent of the presence of trace impurities and is unavailable to saturated substances.
Influence of Atomic Masses on the Coriolis Coupling Coefficients in Some Symmetrical Molecules. I. Tetrahedral XY4‐Type Molecules40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724902View Description Hide Description
Coriolis coupling coefficients (ζ values of tetrahedral XY4 molecules are studied in relation to the same quantities of the Z4 tetrahedron. The existence of upper and lower limits is proved for the ζ values of XY4. In particular, one has |ζ24|→1/2 and ζ44→1/2 as the upper limits with increasing atomic mass ratio m Y/m X. The same values, which are independent of the force constants, are found in the Z4 model, where the central atom is absent. Lower limits are also derived for |ζ24| and ζ44, but appear to be functions of the force constants.
Calculated ζ24 and ζ44 values for 36 molecules of the tetrahedral XY4 type are reported, and are studied as function of the atomic mass ratio. The regularities that have been observed are presented graphically.
Carbon tetrahalides, methanes, and silanes are the molecules which have been studied most extensively, and for which the applied force constants are reported.
Pyrolysis of Ethylene Oxide. A Hot Molecule Reaction40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1729851View Description Hide Description
It is proposed that the pyrolysis of ethylene oxide (EO) proceeds via an internal isomerization (similar to that in isoelectronic cyclopropane) to form an excited (CH3CHO)* molecule. It is estimated that the excess energy of this latter is about 85 kcal, which is about 7 kcal in excess of the C–C bond dissociation energy in CH3CHO. The lifetime of (CH3CHO)* for bond fission is estimated to be 10—8.5 sec so that its fate is predominantly quenching at P≥200 mm Hg. Estimates of the isomerization rate give, in good agreement with the inhibited reaction:where θ=4.575T kcal/mole.Analysis of the chain mechanism indicates a chain length between 1 and 2 with the production of a ``hot'' CH2CHO radical formed by exothermic ring opening of the EO radical. This is probably quenched but may decompose spontaneously to CH2CO+H. Published data on the high temperature reactions (1100°K) give absolute rates in reasonable accord with the 700°K reaction. The lower values of E act found for the higher temperatures may not be reliable.More meagre data previously published on the pyrolysis of propylene oxide are in good agreement with expectations drawn from the EO system both qualitatively and quantitatively. Other ``hot'' molecule reactions are discussed briefly.
Antireciprocity and Memory in the Statistical Approach to Irreversible Thermodynamics40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724843View Description Hide Description
The macroscopic state of a large, closed system is specified by the ensemble averages α j of a set of even dynamical variables Aj , together with the averages vj of the quantities iLAj , obtained by operating on the Aj with the self‐adjoint Liouville operator L. Phenomenological equations for the time rates of change, and v̇j , are derived by a technique due to Zwanzig, in which one operates on Liouville's equation with a projection operator which projects out the part which is ``relevant'' to the phenomenological description employed. These phenomenological equations are shown to exhibit the Onsager—Casimir reciprocity relations, including antisymmetry relations whose derivation is found to require a slight modification of Zwanzig's mathematical assumptions. Since , these equations also show that irreversible thermodynamics can be extended to the case where second‐order time derivatives appear representing memory effects, as well as nonlinear terms in the α j , provided the equations are still required to be linear in the vj . Furthermore, Onsager's equations are obtained while allowing the phenomenological matrices to be functions of the variables α j , and not merely of constants of the motion. This serves to generalize and extend Zwanzig's earlier treatment.
Catalyzed Dissociation of N2 in Microwave Discharges. I40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724844View Description Hide Description
Atomic nitrogen, produced from very pure nitrogen in a microwavedischarge and detected by means of electron paramagnetic resonance, was increased from 2.0×1013 atoms/cm3 to 1.2×1015 atoms/cm3 by the addition of ≈5×1012 molecules/cm3 of SF6 to the gas before the discharge; the pink glow intensity also is increased several orders of magnitude and its time duration extended by ≈10. Nitric oxide and oxygen increase the number of atoms leaving the discharge to the same extent as SF6, but much larger amounts must be added. When nitric oxide is added between the discharge and the subsequent pink glow, comparable increases in atomic nitrogen concentration (≈20 times) are observed without the production of oxygen atoms.
Mass‐Spectrometric Investigation of the High‐Temperature Reaction between Nickel and Chlorine40(1964); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1724845View Description Hide Description
The volatile products of the reaction between a molecular beam of room‐temperature chlorine and a polycrystallinenickelsurface have been identified; their formation rates have been measured by a mass‐spectrometric technique at surface temperatures between 1000° and 1600°K and beam fluxes equivalent to pressures of 10—7 to 10—5 mm Hg. The surface coverage is estimated to be less than 0.1% under these conditions. NiCl and NiCl2 are formed on the nickelsurface; the former is observed above 1450°, the latter below 1100°; and both are found at intermediate temperatures. About 70% of the incident chlorine is consumed by the interaction with nickel over the pressure and temperature ranges covered. The removal of chlorine and the production of NiCl and NiCl2 are first order in chlorine pressure. A mechanism which accounts satisfactorily for the results involves dissociative adsorption of chlorine to form two NiCl's on the surface; these either evaporate, or disproportionate to form NiCl2 which evaporates.


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Veterans Lucas Parker, Jeremy Meredith and Angie Pye, and newcomer Heather Gillespie will be making a trip to the Home Depot Center in July. The Canada West...
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Sébastien Loeb and Mikko Hirvonen set the best two times in today's qualifying stage, which was held in the rain. The Citroën Total WRT drivers opted to go first on day one of Rally Argentina.
Just as during reconnaissance, competitors were greeted by cold, rainy and muddy conditions for the qualifying stage. This first slice of action at the 2012 Rally Argentina came before the drivers then chose their starting positions for the first leg, which features over 200km of timed stages.
After pushing really hard, Sébastien Loeb set the best time and decided to take first position on the road: "I felt I had been a bit 'sluggish' in qualifying since the start of the season and I wasn't always able to make the best choice. I achieved my goal here, though, and I hope we've made the right decision! More rain is expected tomorrow, so that will make the stages muddy and 'greasy'. In conditions like these, it'll be better to go first to get the maximum grip. The first stage tomorrow morning could be pretty tricky because it won't be completely light. And if there's fog, it will be particularly difficult."
After setting the qualifying stage's second fastest time, Mikko Hirvonen will head off two minutes after his team-mate: "I tried to push very hard to set the best possible time, but Séb was incredibly fast this morning. It's good that Citroën has the top two places. Although the rally has over 500km of stages, I think we are going to have to go flat out from start to finish. We can't afford to lose any time at all, even a second! I like the new sections a lot, especially first few kilometres of SS9 which are extremely quick. I really can't wait to get this rally underway!"
Fifth in the qualifying stage, Thierry Neuville will start from the same position on day one of the rally: "I am pleased to be the first driver after the four works drivers; everything went very well this morning. It wasn't easy to take the pace notes during reconnaissance, because there was a lot of fog. My goal is to make it to the end of the rally without having to use the Rally2 rules. It will be a tough ask on such a long and difficult rally but I think this is a good opportunity to add to my experience."
Having set fast times on the two runs in free practice, Nasser Al-Attiyah had to settle for the 9th fastest time after making a minor mistake on the timed run: "It's not a big problem on such a long rally. I think I'll need to drive intelligently on this rally. I am not particularly worried about the 66km stage that starts day three. On this type of run, you have to drive calmly, sticking to the pace you set yourself. It is also important to remember to look after the engine and gearbox on this sort of test…"


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Be merry, but think before you drive
- From: The Advertiser
- November 30, 2012
THIS month every road user can make a conscious choice.
Will your Christmas be remembered as a time of joy or as one of sorrow and grief as the years go by?
That choice could be dictated by your behaviour on the state's roads. Those who choose to speed, to drink and drive or disobey other road rules, lessen their chances of enjoying a happy New Year.
Last December there were seven fatalities on the state's roads. Sadly, two of them occurred on Christmas Day.
They helped push last year's road toll to 103 - one of the lowest on record - but still a horrific figure it should be remembered that each of the deaths could have been prevented; should have been prevented.
Police Commissioner Gary Burns is quite right when he says every member of the community should question whether such a figure is acceptable, even tolerable.
Clearly, if 103 people succumbed to some form of preventable illness or were victims of violent crime each year, the community would demand a cure. And yet the extent of the road toll is clearly in the hands of the community.
If motorists do not drink and drive they reduce the risk, if they do not speed they reduce the risk and if they are responsible drivers, they reduce the risk.
Police and road safety authorities can only do so much. Millions of dollars are spent on enforcement and various campaigns each year, but an irresponsible minority of drivers ignores the warnings. Each road user must play a role in road safety.
Just as drink-driving is now socially unacceptable, other equally dangerous driving habits should also be frowned on by the community. The insidious mobile phone is just one that comes to mind. Think before you reach for that mobile. The text message can wait.
What should also be remembered is the fact last year's road toll of 103 was just the blunt end of the story. The brutal end. Each of those deaths also is a lifelong sentence of grief, loss and misery for those left behind.
But what few road users think about when seeing such a figure is the number of people injured in road crashes. While 103 people died, another 931 were seriously injured and 6900 suffered minor injuries - almost 8000 lives altered in some way and at a huge cost to the community.
Those considered lucky escaped with cuts, a few bruises or broken bones. Hundreds were not so lucky. Many suffered catastrophic brain injuries and require care for the rest of their lives. Others lost the use of limbs and require similar care.
Besides the injury toll, the pressure and stress on families now forced to care for those who were injured is also part of the hidden road toll.
Sadly, for too many irresponsible motorists the temptation to drink and drive may well present itself over coming weeks as the festivities get into full swing.
Those wavering about spending $25 on a taxi or taking a gamble and driving home should spend a minute to think of the consequences.
At best, think about life without a licence for many months. At worst, think of a lifetime of guilt and shame should your calculated gamble not pay off if you are involved in a crash that maims, or even kills an innocent road user.
Just like creeping over the speed limit and reading that text, it is just not worth the risk, however small you might think it is.
Remember, the choice is yours.
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|Utah Standards For Rangeland Health
Standard 2. Riparian and wetland areas are in properly functioning condition. Stream channel morphology and functions are appropriate to soil type, climate and landform.
As indicated by:
a) Streambank vegetation consisting of, or showing a trend toward, species with root masses capable of withstanding high streamflow events. Vegetative cover adequate to protect stream banks and dissipate streamflow energy associated with high‑ water flows, protect against accelerated erosion, capture sediment, and provide for groundwater recharge.
b) Vegetation reflecting: Desired Plant Community, maintenance of riparian and wetland soil moisture characteristics, diverse age structure and composition, high vigor, large woody debris when site potential allows, and providing food, cover and other habitat needs for dependent animal species.
c) Revegetating point bars; lateral stream movement associated with natural sinuosity; channel width, depth, pool frequency and roughness appropriate to landscape position. d) Active floodplain.
Standard 3. Desired species, including native, threatened, endangered, and special status-species, are maintained at a level appropriate for the site and species involved.
As indicated by:
a) Frequency, diversity, density, age classes, and productivity of desired native species necessary to ensure reproductive capability and survival.
b) Habitats connected at a level to enhance species survival.
c) Native species reoccupy habitat niches and voids caused by disturbances unless management objectives call for introduction or maintenance of normative species.
d) Appropriate amount, type, and distribution of vegetation reflecting the presence of (1) the Desired Plant Community [DPC], where identified in a land use plan conforming to these Standards, or (2) where the DPC is identified a community that equally sustains the desired level of productivity and properly functioning ecological processes.


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See the attached file for the current list of site licensed software.
Site licensed software can be installed on UW-owned equipment only.
If you are a student, you can obtain a 1-year timeout version of ArcGIS from your GIS instructor. No other ESRI software is available for installation on student-owned computers under the site license (though you can purchase student versions from ESRI).


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do you mean or ?
for the second part, you can expand the general form of: , and see how relate to each other. that's one way. you could also use the quadratic formula to find the roots, and then equate one to the reciprocal of the other and try to solve. things like that.
or perhaps you can use the nature of roots to solve it. if and are the roots of the equation , then and .
then plug in and see what happens.
just play around with it. tell us your findings


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Bush's Temporary Guest Worker Proposal Discussed
Las Cruces, NM – President Bush's guest worker proposal is raising many questions throughout the southwest. It is a relatively vague proposal overall. KRWG's Michael Olson had a recent conversation with NMSU Assistant Government Professor Jason Akleson to iron out some of the particulars


text:
- Latest available (Revised)
- Original (As made)
This is the original version (as it was originally made). This item of legislation is currently only available in its original format.
79.—(1) In England and Wales, the designated officer for the authority which registered the club or institute must on the relevant date, or as soon as practicable after that date, provide the relevant licensing authority with the information specified in sub-paragraph (3).
(2) In Scotland, the sheriff clerk to the sheriff who registered the club or institute must on the relevant date, or as soon as practicable after that date, provide the relevant licensing authority with the information specified in sub-paragraph (3).
(3) The information to be provided is—
(a)the name of the club or institute,
(b)a description of the purposes for which the club is established or, in the case of a miners' welfare institute, a statement that it is such;
(c)a description of the premises to which the registration relates,
(d)the address of those premises,
(e)the date of registration or, where the registration has been renewed, the date on which it was last renewed,
(f)in a case falling within paragraph 78(1) (other than one to which sub-paragraph (6) below applies), the date on which the registration, as it had effect immediately before 1st September 2007, was due to expire, and
(g)the name and address of the chairman or secretary of the club or institute as recorded in the register under Part 2 of the 1968 Act.
(4) This paragraph is subject to paragraph 81.
(5) Subject to sub-paragraph (6), a reference in this paragraph to the relevant date is to—
(a)1st September 2007, or
(b)in a case falling within paragraph 78(2), the date on which the club or institute is registered.
(6) Where a club or institute's registration has effect immediately before 1st September 2007 by virtue of paragraph 22 of Schedule 3, or paragraph 20 of Schedule 4, to the 1968 Act (both of which provide for registrations under Part 2 of that Act to be extended where an application for renewal of the registration has not been determined), the relevant date is the date on which the application for renewal of the registration is granted.
Latest Available (revised):The latest available updated version of the legislation incorporating changes made by subsequent legislation and applied by our editorial team. Changes we have not yet applied to the text, can be found in the 'Changes to Legislation' area.
Original (As Enacted or Made):The original version of the legislation as it stood when it was enacted or made. No changes have been applied to the text.
Explanatory Memorandum sets out a brief statement of the purpose of a Statutory Instrument and provides information about its policy objective and policy implications. They aim to make the Statutory Instrument accessible to readers who are not legally qualified and accompany any Statutory Instrument or Draft Statutory Instrument laid before Parliament from June 2004 onwards.
Access essential accompanying documents and information for this legislation item from this tab. Dependent on the legislation item being viewed this may include:
Use this menu to access essential accompanying documents and information for this legislation item. Dependent on the legislation item being viewed this may include:
Click 'View More' or select 'More Resources' tab for additional information including:


text:
General Hospital Spoilers And Videos For August 18 – 22.
Read a sneak preview of what the week has in store for the city of Port Charles. Soap Opera Fan Blog has "General Hospital" spoilers for the week of August 18.
After being kissed by Sonny and challenged on her love for Franco, Carly tries to forget the kiss they shared. Franco continues to wonder if Carly truly loves him and by the end of the week, Carly tries to cover her tracks when Sonny makes a visit to her house.
Following her decision to join forces with Fluke, Ava is taken aback by what he asks her to do. Elsewhere, Julian goes to great lengths to conceal Fluke's identity.
In an effort to find out why Rafe ran Patrick off the road, Sam begins her investigation. Across town, Patrick decides to tell someone what he discovered when he was at the clinic with Sam.
Plus, Ned and Olivia go on a date. A wealth of information is revealed about Maxie's wedding and Sabrina returns from Puerto Rico.
Read Soaps.com's General Hospital Spoilers, where different spoilers are added each day.
Visit Soaps.com's General Hospital News Room for the latest scoop about your favorite soap.
Follow Soaps.com on Twitter, and Soaps.com on Facebook.
Photo credit: ABC
- Kyle Jarmon
Fun fact! Kyle Jarmon wrote this story just for you on August 15th, 2014 |


text:
SCMS Committees are suggested by the President and approved by the Board of Directors. The President assigns Board members to serve as liaisons to the committees. SCMS has several committee types: permanent standing committees whose members serve three-year, overlapping terms and annual and award selection committees whose make-up changes each year. Chairs of annual committees only serve one-year, but for the sake of continuity, members of the annual committees may be asked to serve more than one year. New chairs are often selected from returning annual committee members, and outgoing chairs are encouraged to recommend new committee members. Most committees have six members, but may have more or less as needed. Committee chairs prepare annual reports on committee activities and submit them to the President and the Board of Directors. Committee assignments should represent the wide variety of areas of study and scholarly methodologies within the discipline and promote gender, cultural, institutional, and geographical diversity. SCMS members are encouraged to suggest names to the President for consideration to serve on committees, including one's own. Standing Committees Caucus Coordinating CommitteeInformation Technology CommitteeMedia Archives CommitteeNominating CommitteeProfessional Development CommitteePublic Policy CommitteeTeaching CommitteeTranslation/Publication CommitteeSIG Coordinating CommitteeAnnual Committees Conference Program CommitteeConference Host CommitteeAward Committees Anne Friedberg Innovative Scholarship Award CommitteeBest Edited Collection/Best Essay in an Edited Collection Award CommitteesBest First Book Award CommitteeDissertation Award CommitteeDistinguished Career Achievement Award CommitteeKatherine Singer Kovács Book and Essay Awards CommitteesPedagogy Award CommitteeSCMS Student Writing Award Committee
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Follow @DaytimeRoyalty
|Hello, soap fans -- and welcome to Daytime Royalty!
For those unfamiliar, we are an uncensored community for fans and lovers of the daytime genre. We have a no-holds-barred atmosphere in regards to the shows, writers, actors etc. but we do not allow member bashing in any form.
You're currently viewing our forum as a guest. This means you are limited to certain areas of the board and there are some features you can't use. If you join our community, you'll be able to access member-only sections, and use many member-only features such as customizing your profile, sending personal messages, and voting in polls. Registration is simple, fast, and completely free.
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|Interesting/Spoilerish Tweets, Week of 4/15
|Tweet Topic Started: Apr 15 2013, 05:18 AM (31,373 Views)
|Apr 21 2013, 06:13 PM Post #401
I agree with you. He is always upbeat and very supportive of this storyline and willing to give interviews. He is so informative and really seems to be thankful for the opportunity to share his views . What a great guy.
|Apr 21 2013, 06:20 PM Post #402
I'm actually fine with the other pairings: Chabby, Bristen, Ericole, Wilson, EJami
BUT there needs to be a new writer for Jarlena: Like maybe Broaderick can be promoted to write for them. Tomlin/Higley are horrid for them. And fixing them is top priority.
And put Maggie and Dan/Jen on the extreme backburner!!!
|Apr 21 2013, 06:26 PM Post #403
Also, end RATE for good. Pair Rafe with Crishell's character and put Kate back with Stefano.
|Panda Panda
|Apr 21 2013, 06:28 PM Post #404
|Isn't focus on writing for Fandoms instead of writing for the character what got Days in this mess in this first place?
|Apr 21 2013, 06:29 PM Post #405
Classic Soap Fan
|My personal philosophy is that I couldn't care less whether John & Marlena are together or not, I just want the story to be good and make sense which this on hasn't on multiple levels.
|Apr 21 2013, 06:40 PM Post #406
Both, IMO, Characters need to be written in character, and couples need to be built and/or affirmed.
And some characters, who are supposed to be more background characters, need to stay that way. Like Maggie. We should be seeing her like once or twice month. Not once or twice a week.
|Panda Panda
|Apr 21 2013, 06:46 PM Post #407
I agree. I would love to see another overarching s/l that has a bunch of ramifications that lead to even more overarching s/l's; like what they used to do in the 90's. I know that Days is trying to be "less outrageous" and more "realistic" but focusing almost solely on who's sleeping with who or multiple "baby daddy" s/l's are not the way to go.
Edited by Panda Panda, Apr 21 2013, 06:47 PM.
|Apr 21 2013, 07:21 PM Post #408
Boston Marathon Charity Fund! And representing @strut_this ! XXOO
Edited by TreasureCove, Apr 21 2013, 07:22 PM.
|Apr 21 2013, 07:43 PM Post #409
I have no problem with seeing Maggie, or in her having a story.
My issue is that they made Daniel her egg baby son, and there WAS no egg baby. If they wanted to do a story for her, fine. Great. Bring back one or both of HER daughters, Melissa and Sarah, and use THEM. Then give her something to do.
That would have served the character of Maggie far better than inventing a son for her...especially one that so few of us like and admire...and one we know shouldn't exist.
I want Justin and Adrienne to have a story. I want Kayla to have one, too. So I'm certainly not against anyone getting a story. I'd just like one that makes sense and is compelling.
|Apr 21 2013, 08:10 PM Post #410
I agree with you and I would like to see those characters have stories, too. Problem is that tptb are trying to engage the 18-49 demo and those characters/actors don't fit that demo, which, IMO, is why we don't see them in A storylines or with storylines of their own. I don't necessarily agree with what they are doing because I am not sure it's producing the results they want. You can't just have a contract cast of mainly under 45 actors and expect to get a large, diverse audience.
|Apr 21 2013, 08:20 PM Post #411
I agree it's not good to write for a fanbase, tptb should write for the character. However, IMO, it's most important to stay true to those characters and write them as they should be written.
For example, for me as a John and Marlena fan, I could care less at this point that J&M have "broken up". However what pisses me off on a daily basis is how they are behaving! They are writing John as a complete ASSHOLE, that is just not the real John Black. As for Marlena, I have never seen her written for like this! They have made her a spineless doormat!
As for the other characters on this show... I really don't pay enough attention to them to speak to how they are being written for lol.
Edited by Tammy, Apr 21 2013, 08:21 PM.
|Apr 21 2013, 08:47 PM Post #412
|Awe, Patrick Muldoon :( I miss Carrie and Austin. I wish someone would mention their baby! He or she would be born by now and I wanna know his or her name!
|Apr 22 2013, 02:02 PM Post #413
THIS!!!!!!!!!!! I've been thinking this ever since I started watching again.
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17th of October 1804 Wind S. W. I walked on Shore with the Ricara Chief and an Inteprieter, [1] the[y] told me maney extroadenary Stories, I Killed 3 Dear & a Elk, the Chief Killed a Deer and our hunters Killed 4 Deer, in my absenc the wind rose So high that the Boat lay too all Day; Latd 46° 23' 57" N, I caught a Small uncommon whiperwill [2] we observe emence herds of Goats, or Antelopes flocking down from the N E Side & Swiming the River, the Chief tels me those animals winter in the Black Mountain, and in the fall return to those mounts from every quarter, and in the Spring disperse in the planes, those emence herds we See all of which is on the N E Side of the River is on their way to the mountain, and in the Spring they will be as noumeroes on their return (some ganges winter on the Missouri)— camped on the L. S. [3]
note from the Ricares to the River Jacque near N. E. is about 40 mes. to the 〈Souex 20〉 Chien a fork of R Rogue 20 [NB: further] passing the Souix River near the Chien this from information of Mr. Graveline who passed through this Countrey [4]
Set out early a fine morning the wind from the N W. after brackfast I walked on Shore with the Indian Chief & Interpeters, [5] Saw Buffalow Elk and Great numbers of Goats in large gangues (I am told by Mr. G. that those Animals winter in the Black mountains [NB: to feed on timber &c] and this is about the Season they Cross from the East of the Missouris to go to that Mountain, they return in the Spring and pass the Missourie in Great numbers[)] [NB: to the plains]. This Chief tells me of a number of their Treditions about Turtles, Snakes, &. and the power of a perticiler rock or Cave on the next river which informs of everr thing [6] none of those I think worth while mentioning— The wind So hard a head the boats Could not move aftr 10 oClock, Capt Louis Took the altitude of the Sun Latd. 46° 23' 57" I Killed 3 Deer and the hunters with me killed 3 also the Indian Shot one but Could not get it— I Scaffeled up the Deer [7] & returned & met the boat after night on the L. S. about 6 miles above the place we Camped last night— one of the men Saw a number of Snakes, Capt Lewis Saw a large Beaver house S. S. I Cought a Whipprwill Small & not Common—. the leaves are falling fast—. the river wide and full of Sand bars,—. Great numbers of verry large Stone on the Sides of the hills & Some rock of a brownish Colour in the Ld. Bend below this—. [8]
Great numbers of Goats are flocking down to the S. Side of the river on their way to the Black Mountains where they winter those animals return in the Spring in the Same way & Scatter in different directions.
On the Stard. shore, opposite to a high projecting Bluff; which from the great number of rattlesnakes found near it, we called the rattlesnake Bluff.
Observed meridian altd. of 's U. L. with Sextant by the fore observation 69° 17'
Latitude deduced from this observation N. 46 23 57.1
Wednesday 17th Oct. Eight Indians came on from their Camp last night & brought us Some meat. they remained with us all night & Sang the most of the night in the morning our officers gave them Some fancy goods in return for the meat. the weather clear. the wind from N. W. we Set off eairly. proceeded on. passed a Bottom covered with Small timber on S. S. Barron hill on N. S. which make in close to the River,— abt. 10 oC. Capt. Clark our Indian & one hunter went out hunting on S. S. & at 11 oC. the [wind?] arose & blew So hard a head that we were obledged to lay by. we halted on N. S. 2 men went out hunting. towards evening the wind abated So that we proceeded on untill some time after dark before we found a good place to camp the moon Shined pleasant. we Camped on South Side in a timbred bottom. [10] Capt. Clark & all the hunters except one who camped on the opposite Shore, joined us they had killed Six Deer. Some of them verry fat. we took care of all the meat & Skins &.C.
Wednesday 17th. We renewed our voyage early, and had a clear morning. Last night eight of the Indians came over to see us, brought us some meat and remained all night. Captain Lewis, gave them some presents this morning. At half past ten the wind blew so hard down the river that we were obliged to halt. At four we proceeded on with the assistance of the tow line, though the wind still continued against us, and having made about two miles, encamped on the south side. Several hunters went out this day and killed six deer: one of them did not join us at night.
Wednesday October 17th This morning Early we set out, (having sent some of our Men out a hunting) the Wind blowing hard against us at West, so that it occasion'd our getting on slowly, part of the day, The River running strong against us. We came too, & Encamped on the South side of the River in the Evening; part of the Men return'd to us, having killed 6 deer, which they brought to us, One of the hunting party did come to us this Night.—
1. The interpreter was probably Joseph Gravelines, but see below, n. 5. (Return to text.)
2. The common poorwill. See Lewis's natural history note, October 16, 1804. (Return to text.)
3. In Sioux County, North Dakota, a mile or two south of the present village of Cannon Ball. On Atlas map 27 it is erroneously labeled "7th of October." MRC map 48. (Return to text.)
4. See above, October 13, 1804, n. 6. (Return to text.)
5. The word appears to be plural in Codex C, but in the Field Notes entry it is apparently singular. Later entries refer to "interpreters." Gravelines was certainly with them as interpreter for the Arikara chief. Pierre-Antoine Tabeau could have served in that capacity, but there is no evidence that he accompanied them upriver. Sergeant Ordway's entry of October 10, 1804, says, "we left one of our frenchman with Mr Tabbow & took his Soon in his place." Obviously this person could be either the son of Tabeau, or the son of the unnamed French engagé. If he had been living at the Arikara villages he could have served as a supplementary interpreter, but it is not clear that he actually accompanied the party upriver rather than simply attending the council held October 10. (Return to text.)
6. See below, February 21, 1805. (Return to text.)
7. He placed the carcass on a improvised scaffold to keep wolves and coyotes from getting it. (Return to text.)
8. Upper Cretaceous Fox Hills Formation, mostly sandstones, crops out in this region, which is just within the glacial boundary. The very large stones are probably glacial erratics. (Return to text.)
9. Lewis's astronomical observation from Codex O. (Return to text.)
10. A mile or two south of the entrance of Cannonball River, Sioux County, North Dakota. (Return to text.)
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History of Highlights
Who came up with the idea to create Highlights?
Reply from the Highlights Editors
Our book was started in 1946 by Dr. Garry Cleveland Myers and his wife, Caroline Clark Myers. In the years before they started Highlights, the Myerses edited a publication called Children's Activities. They realized then that they loved creating a magazine for children.
In early 1946, Dr. and Mrs. Myers decided to start their own magazine--Highlights for Children. They dedicated themselves "to helping children grow . . . for children are the world's most important people." Many of the features they included in early issues, such as "The Timbertoes" and "Hidden Pictures," still appear in Highlights today.
Best wishes,
The Highlights Editors


text:
Apple recently started seeding OS X 10.7.3 through Software Update, and while a majority of users upgraded without a hitch, some are experiencing odd "CUI" issues and frequent crashes. If you're part of this minority, head over to Apple's support site and install the 10.7.3 client combo update over your broken system. If your system crashes before you can make it to the desktop, try booting into safe mode by holding the "shift" key on boot.
This should resolve the issues, but if you are still unable to boot to the desktop to install the combo update, you'll need to either restore to a pre-10.7.3 Time Machine backup or reboot into Recovery mode and reinstall the OS X base system (if you do not wipe your hard drive or restore from Time Machine, your data should be left untouched). Hopefully, Apple will sort out the bug on their end before the problems become widespread.