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I. Purpose
document is the Illinois Department
of Natural Resources (Department) Agency Action Plan for the
Interagency Wetlands Policy Act of1989. The
purpose of an AAP is to articulate how the Act will be implemented
in the context of an agency's policies and activities. This publication
is intended to serve as a handbook regarding the Act for Department
major federal regulatory tool for wetland protection is Section
404 of the Clean Water Act, administered by the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers and the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. Under Section 404, it is necessary
to secure a permit to discharge dredged or fill materials into waters
of the United States, including most wetlands. However, the Section
404 program is not a comprehensive wetlands program in that many
activities that may damage or destroy wetlands are not covered by
the program. In addition, Section 404 mitigation requirements are
not standardized and therefore may not achieve the no net loss goal.
And finally, the State of Illinois is served by five U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers Districts which results in five variants of the same
program. These weaknesses in the federal program lead to support
for passage of the Interagency Wetlands Policy Act of 1989.
The Illinois Interagency Wetlands Policy Act of 1989
[20 ILCS 830 et seq.] is intended to ensure that there is no overall net
loss of the State's existing wetland acres or their functional values
resulting from State-supported activities. A "wetland" is defined by the
Act as being "land that has a predominance of hydric soils (soils which
are usually wet and where there is little or no free oxygen) and that
is inundated or saturated at a frequency and duration sufficient to support,
and that under normal circumstances does support, a prevalence of hydrophytic
vegetation (plants typically found in wet habitats) typically adapted
for life in saturated soil conditions." (20 ILCS 830/1-6)
Prior to European settlement, wetlands covered about
8.2 million acres of Illinois or about 23 percent of the land. (Havera
1985) The Act cites the loss of a significant portion of the State's original
wetland acres and the associated loss of the many environmental, economic
and social values that wetlands provide, as the basis for this "no net
loss" goal. (20 ILCS 830/1-2)
Currently, about 3.5 percent (1.25 million acres) of
the state land cover is classified as wetland. However, only 917,765 acres
(approximately three-quarters) of the currently existing wetlands can
be considered natural wetlands. These natural wetlands most closely represent
what remains of the State's original wetlands. The other quarter of the
wetland acres have been modified or created by dikes, impoundments, or
excavation activities. Although all types of wetlands are protected by
the Act, modified or artificial wetlands do not always provide the full
range of values given by natural wetlands. (Suloway and Hubbell1994)
The Act charges State agencies with a further duty to
"preserve, enhance and create wetlands where necessary to increase the
quality and quantity of the State's wetland resource base." (20 ILCS 830/1-4)
Areas which have been restored or created as the result of mitigation
or planned construction projects, and which function as wetlands, are
also defined as wetlands under the Act even when all three wetland parameters
- hydric soils, wetland hydrology, and hydrophytic vegetation - are not
The Act applies to all State and State-funded activities
with the exception of a few specific types of activities addressed in
the Act and in the administrative rules which were
promulgated to implement and administer it. An extensive discussion of
what types of activities are exempted and non-exempted is presented in
Chapter 4.
The Act established the Interagency Wetlands Committee
to advise the Director of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources(Director)
in the administration of the Act. The coordination functions of the Committee
are discussed in detail in Chapter 5. The Committee is chaired by the
Director or an appointed representative, and is composed of directors
or their representatives from the following State agencies: Capital Development
Board, Department of Agriculture, Department of Commerce and Community
Affairs, Department of Transportation, Environmental Protection Agency,
and the Historic Preservation Society.
In 1995 the Departments of Conservation, Energy and Natural
Resources, and Mines and Minerals along with the Office of Water Resources,
were merged to form the IDNR. See Appendix C for a Department organizational
chart. The legislation which created the new Department provided for the
old Departments of Mines and Minerals and Energy and Natural Resources
to maintain their positions on the Committee when they became Offices
within the Department.
The Act is to be implemented through a State Wetland
Mitigation Policy and through Agency Action Plans. The State Wetland Mitigation
Policy, as defined in Article III of the Act, requires preservation of
wetlands as the primary objective. Where adverse wetland impacts are unavoidable,
progressive levels of compensation based upon the level of impact to the
existing wetland and the location of compensation wetlands are required.
This topic is discussed further in Chapter 6.
Each agency which is represented on the Interagency Wetlands
Committee is required to produce an Agency Action Plan and to update their
plans every four years thereafter. State agencies who are not members
of the Interagency Wetlands Committee may comply with the Act by developing
a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) with the Department that is consistent
with the minimum requirements for Agency Action Plans or by developing
an Agency Action Plan. The Act requires each Agency Action Plan or MOA
to be reviewed and approved by the Department of Natural Resources before
being submitted to the Governor.
IV. Overview of the IDNR AAP
Chapter 1 presents the components of the AAP mandated
in the Act and administrative rules, and the duties
of the lead Offices. The Act and the administrative rules [17 ADC�1090
et seq.] are reprinted in the Appendices A and B, respectively.
2 presents a summary of Department management activities
and policies regarding land acquisition and land use. The Department's
mission is to promote an appreciation of the state's natural resources
and to work with the people of Illinois to protect and manage those
resources to ensure a high quality of life for present and future
generations. Department programs address a wide scope of activities
ranging from developing recreational facilities on public lands
to protecting natural areas. The Department manages game and fish
populations, while protecting endangered plant and animal species,
and it regulates the state's mineral extraction industries and construction
in public bodies of water. The Department is very active in the
preservation, enhancement, and creation of wetlands in the state
and is involved in numerous programs involving wetlands. A description
of the Department programs involving wetlands is included in Appendix
3 and 4 provide important policy direction and Department staff
are requested to read them carefully.
3 provides a description of how to perform an alternatives
analysis and reviews the sequencing requirements of the Act. The
best way to meet the no net loss goal is to integrate the concepts
of impact avoidance and impact minimization during the early planning
stages of a project. Department staff should be aware of what resources,
including wetlands, are present on the lands they manage. If you
need help understanding or complying with any of the provisions
contained in the Act or Administrative Rules, a list of contacts
is provided in Appendix E.
analysis involves the evaluation of several different options for
achieving the goals of your project. This is best accomplished at
the project development stage. Alternatives analysis is not intended
to be used "after the fact" to support a preferred course of action
or project design. Section 17 ADC�1909.60 of the administrative
rules for the Act states that sponsors of projects which will have
adverse wetland impacts must demonstrate that the activity: 1) is
water dependent and has no other practicable alternative; or is
not water dependent and that the alternative designs and alternative
sites are not available; and 2)minimizes alteration or impairment
of the wetland and its associated buffer area.
Since the Department
is charged with the implementation of the Act, our policy is to
exercise great care in formulating alternatives for IDNR actions.
Department staff will fully evaluate and document alternatives to
meet the spirit and intent of this requirement of the ACT. Further
, the Department will take all possible steps to avoid or minimize
adverse impacts to existing wetlands. If you need assistance in
performing an alternatives analysis for your project, contact either
the Office of Realty and Environmental Planning (217) 785-5500 or
the Wetland Program Administrator in the Office of Resource Conservation
4 provides guidance to all Department staff on tools available
to help determine if a wetland is present at a proposed project
site and on determining whether a proposed activity is exempt from
the Act or if it requires review. Department policy regarding "programmatic
actions" has also been explained. The goal of the chapter is to
provide consistent direction on how to comply with the Act within
the context of day-to-day Departmental activities.
The chapter
provides a list of exempted and non-exempted activities as identified
in the Act and the administrative rules, along with examples. The
examples used have been compiled from the experiences of people
within the Department and are meant to illustrate typical or, or
in some cases, especially problematic situations. The examples are
NOT meant to be inclusive; that is, don't assume that these are
the only examples of each activity being discussed.
Although most
maintenance and repair activities are exempt from the Act, please
be sure to read Figure 4.1 "What constitutes repair or maintenance?"
on page 24 for further classification. If there is any doubt whether
your project is exempt, assume that it should be submitted for review
under the Act.
5 discusses the coordination mechanisms and processes which
are required by the Act. The first section describes wetlands-specific
coordination mechanisms, including the Interagency Wetlands Committee,
the Governor's Natural Resources Coordination Council, and the Illinois
Wetlands Conservation Strategy.
The second
section of Chapter 5 gives a brief overview of the Department's
Comprehensive Environmental Review Process (CERP) and outlines CERP
procedures. The guidelines for CERP are included in Appendix F.
Departmental compliance with the Act has been greatly simplified
by utilizing the existing CERP Program. The second section also
explains that the review procedure for the Act is integrated with
the review procedures for projects covered by the Illinois Endangered
Species Protection Act and the Illinois Natural Areas Inventory
Consultation Process. The Division of Natural Resource Review and
Coordination has developed an expedited review process for certain
technical assistance programs. Please refer to Figure 5.1 on page
39 for more information.
The third section
of Chapter 5 outlines the Department's coordination regarding the
Act with entities outside the Department, including the Historic
Preservation Agency Cultural Resources Program, the federal Corps
of Engineers Section 404 Program, the Illinois Department of Agricultural
Prime Farmland Program, and the Conservation Reserve Enhancement
6 explains the key implementation programs and policies
related to the Act. Departmental policies regarding wetland impact
determinations, wetland compensation plans, wetland compensation
accounts (mitigation banks), and monitoring
and performance standards are discussed.
7 provides Department staff with resources and procedures for
obtaining technical assistance they may need to comply with the Act. A
variety of technical assistance is available to Offices and Divisions,
both from within the Department and, in certain cases, from outside consultants.
V. Conclusion
The Department is the agency charged with implementing
the Interagency Wetlands Policy Act of 1989. With the broad range of land
management activities in which the Department participates and responsibility
for more than 400,000 acres of the public lands in Illinois, it is important
that the Department follow both the letter and the intent of the Act.
The Act was written to provide consistent standard to evaluate project
impacts for ALL projects and ALL agencies. The Department policy
will be to adhere to the highest standard for our actions which are governed
by the Act. Every effort will be made to avoid adverse wetlands
impacts associated with Department projects. Department staff will thoroughly
evaluate all alternatives which would reduce adverse impacts to a wetland.
In the rare cases where an adverse wetland impact cannot be avoided, Department
policy will be to take all possible measures to minimize the adverse impact
and to compensate for the loss. Opportunities for increasing the quantity
and quality of the State's wetlands should be considered for all projects
authorized or funded by the Department and such opportunities should be
implemented whenever possible.
| Represented Agencies |
Agency Action Plans | Interagency Wetlands Policy
Act of 1989 | Administrative Rules
Return to Wetlands Homepage


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Did you or one of your loved ones survive breast cancer? Share photos of the brave and beautiful survivor in your life on u local for Breast Cancer Awareness.
Upload your photos to the Breast Cancer Survivors category, to appear in the slideshow above.
Don't forget to include your story in the description section. It's Breast Cancer Awareness month and this October KITV will be featuring survivors live on-air.
Start sharing today! Not a member? Click here to join u local, it's quick and easy.

subset: commoncrawl


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Buy for$9.56(2 items)
Written by DeathSlyzer on 24.11.2013 at 11:32
What a fantastic album this is. Fabio really gets to shine here. I don't know if I've heard him this aggressive before. There were definitely some moments on this disc that made me go "Wow, is that Fabio!?"
Written by mikeprado30 on 29.06.2014 at 02:10
Well, I hope you heard the song "Thunder's Mighty Roar" from the Rhapsody's The Dark Secret EP. There we got an unleashed and aggresive Fabio


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Rated 4.3 out of 5 by 43 reviewers.
Rated 5 out of 5 by GinaMo OCD can be soothed Very durable & the sides are stable. I did have a bit of trouble putting it together by myself but the snug fit of the cardboard in the sides creates the rigid frame. Excellent December 11, 2012
Rated 5 out of 5 by Squirt Roomy Gift Wrap Storage I had a few problems assembling the unit; had to trim the stiffeners for the sides to fit. After that, it went together and I was able to combine two other boxes into this roomy one and still have left over space. I love it. January 3, 2013
Rated 5 out of 5 by Delorean2 Storage Bag This is a really well made storage bag which is more like a storage box,with the rigid sides and ends it will protect your wrapping paper from being crushed.Also has a nice place for bow storage and gift boxes also,this storage bag is well worth the money!! January 6, 2013
Rated 5 out of 5 by cat2log Productis a good organizer Looking for organizer to keep Christmas wrapping in one location. This item solved the problem and offered more space for additional storage. January 8, 2013
Product:419709-Gift Wrap Storage Bag


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How would you like to add 25 work days to your year? Sound impossible? Maybe, but, if you are like most commuters, maybe not.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Americans spend an average of 25 minutes a day commuting each way to work. That daily total of 50 minutes doesn't even include traffic jams, detours, errands or any other stops along the way.
Even if you factor in sick days, vacation time and holidays, that still amounts to around 200 hours a year -- or the equivalent of 25 eight-hour work days -- spent getting to and from work. But as we said earlier, that time doesn't have to be considered lost.
Here are a few suggestions to help you reclaim that lost time.
No. 5: Use the radio
Get caught up on the news. Find out how your favorite sports team is doing. Listen to a talk radio show.
Remember that taking your eyes off the road to station surf while driving can lead to an accident. So, stick with one station or wait until you're stopped to change it.
Of course, there's more than talking on the airwaves. In the 1970s, a catchy song by the Carpenters urged us to "sing out loud, sing out strong." Try it in your car. Not only will it help pass the time, it's good for you.
"Studies have linked singing with a lower heart rate, decreased blood pressure and reduced stress," says Patricia Preston-Roberts, a board-certified music therapist in New York City.
So, while everyone else's blood pressure is going up during a traffic jam, you're expanding your lung capacity and having fun.
No. 4: 'Read' a book
Only the most careless commuters would consider actually reading a book on the way to work. Luckily, for everybody on the road, there are such things as audiobooks.
"The only thing I miss about the NYC subways is my reading time," says Bob Shanley, a former New Yorker who now commutes 45 minutes each way from his home in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., to his office in downtown Miami. Shanley, who says he used to read a book a week, now "reads" in the car.
"I never thought I'd enjoy books on CD, but I've gotten very attached to them," he says. "I've gotten some of my friends hooked on the concept, and now we get together every couple of weeks to trade CDs."
Whether you use CDs, a connection to listen to books downloaded to your MP3 player or even the old fashioned books on tape, you'll find the hours melting away.
No. 3: Get things done
You can also use the time in the car to plan your day. Make a mental checklist and prioritize what you want to accomplish, both at work and after your workday is over.
"I even visualize a possible crisis and plan strategies to overcome it," says Tim Gordon, a veterinarian whose days are often interrupted with emergencies.
Some things you can even take care of from the car. You know those people you've been meaning to call but never have the time? Commuting gives you the time. Whether it's your mom, an old college roommate, or a friend you haven't caught up with in a while, somebody is waiting to hear from you.
And if you can't talk to others, talk to yourself. Rehearse that presentation you're about to give, practice asking for a raise, work out problems you've been facing, or give yourself a motivational pep talk.
No. 2: Spiritual growth


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Various members of our community will share their Jewish Heritage with us by telling about items they possess that have very special meaning to them. Included among their treasures are a "Cossack" shaving mug, a shofar, a photo recalling Holocaust survivors, a newspaper article, and a shochet's knife. Join us and hear the interesting stories associated with these items at 10.00 a.m.
For more information call 215-886-0650.


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Okay, I never thought I would say this, because I love breastfeeding, I truly do, but ... Joe is driving me nuts lately!
First of all, he's 21 months, and throws a tantrum approximately every 45 seconds. So if he wants to nurse, and I need to (1) use the bathroom; (2) make myself some tea; (3) do anything else, and I tell him, "wait just a minute," he HITS me, hard. I put him down and say "NO! Don't hit me!" And then he throws himself on the ground, wails, and knocks his head against the hardwood floor for extra dramatic effect. This happens all the time, all.day.long. Gah! I alternate between trying to reason with him, ignore him, comfort him, etc., but nothing really works besides walking away and letting him cool off.
Second, I can't NIP anymore. I'm okay with nursing at other people's houses, but it's getting weirder to do it in restaurants, etc. Joe is enormous, and it's getting embarrassing. Not so much the toddler nursing, but his terrible NIP manners. He's speech delayed and pretty much nonverbal. So he lets me know he wants to nurse by shoving his hands down my shirt and squawking. I have tried to establish better nursing manners, but then he takes me by surprise in public, where I feel uncomfortable verbally reprimanding him in a way that will draw attention to the fact that my toddler is FEELING ME UP, and again, gah! I feel like I'm setting a bad example to other nursing moms at this point - I am not a good advertisement for nursing a toddler, because it's an obvious struggle. I don't know, I'm just over it! I'm all about the gentle discipline, but I find disciplining my baby in public to be impossible due to my desire to keep him quiet, etc. (I should probably get over that, but who wants to be saying "No, we don't grab mama's boobs!" in the middle of a restaurant?)
(I think, because Joe is so nonverbal, that explaining to him that we don't nurse in public might not work as well as it would for another more verbal toddler. But also, because he's not verbal, maybe I haven't tried enough. He understands a lot more than he says.)
Third issue, Joe just wants to camp out and nurse on my lap forever and ever!! He's shy, so it's his first reaction to an overwhelming social situation, see issues with NIP, above. And if I try to say no, he throws a major tantrum, see first problem, above. He's as clingy or more clingy than ever. I'm starting to feel very impatient about it, and I don't want to feel blech about nursing, I love nursing!
Finally, my cycles started back up at about 16 months, and since then, I have been struggling with some really negative feelings around nursing during PMS. My nipples get sore, I get ornery, he's clinging and hitting and tantruming, and I feel like, OMG, I need to wean this kid YESTERDAY.
BUT, I love nursing Joe when I first get home from work. I love nursing him before bed. I even love nursing him at night. It's the daytime nursathons and the NIP that is driving me nuts.
Talk to me about setting limits, ladies. I have truly loved nursing my baby boy for almost two years. But things are changing, and this new dynamic (where he demands and I feel put upon) is not working for me. I am hoping to get nursing back to a thing that I cherish and enjoy 80% of the time (all the time is unrealistic, I get that). My baby is a serious boob-a-holic and I love that connection we have, and I don't want to deny him something he loves and gives him comfort, but also, I'm not a doormat.


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Hi everyone -
I am an "experienced" nursing mother (I guess you'd say) having nursed two other children for over a year each but have found a new challenge with this new little girl in our lives. Here's a little history:
April 28th I was rushed via ambulance to the hospital due to an unknown disorder called HELLP where my 37 week old baby was delivered by c-section weighing only 4 lbs 12 oz. She was put on formula and given a bottle while in the NICU. Once I was conscience I slowly started nursing along with the bottle feedings things were going pretty good and after a day she was nursing more than getting formula. Unfortunately, I was released from the hospital before she was and she was back to bottle feedings more than nursing though I still came to nurse her 2-3 times a day and pumped a couple of times while away. She had lost a few ounces as to why she was still at the hospital but a day later she was able to gain an ounce and go home. So she came home weighing 4 lbs 7oz. We stopped bottle feeding after the second night going to EBF but at her next doctor's appointment she only weighed 4lbs 6oz (it was 2 days from when she was released from the hospital). At her 2 week appointment (1 week later) she had lost 6 oz!!! I completely lost it and decided to put her on the bottle. We had been nursing nonstop all week day and night. I can't believe she didn't gain or at least stay the same. The doctor recommended a high calorie formula (she was on soy at the hospital) which would allow her to gain quickly. We agreed she suggested pumping but I absolutely HATE pumping and really don't get much when I do which only frustrates me further. I have never been too good at it I have EBF two children with very little pumping at any time. We gave her the formula as soon as we got home which she threw up within the hour. Though it did make her have a BM after 2 days of not going. Although I despise it I pumped 2 oz of which she drank 1 oz from a bottle. She kept gagging but she did not throw up. Her next feeding we tried the formula again which threw up ½ the feeding. Finally at about 5:00 the next morning I realized she was only able to keep down ½ an ounce of formula or breast milk. The doctor has since told me to give her Pedialyte which she has kept down as well as consistently drinking ½ ounce of formula every hour. The dr wants her drinking more but thats all her little belly can take.
The problem is that's not enough. My DH tried to get her to drink more than she wanted and she promptly threw that up too. I feel that our nursing has been greatly compromised and I really don't know whether or not its in her best interest to do so. I have tried to nurse her again since switching to bottles but my supply is getting low and she seemed frustrated about not getting anything out right away. My nipples are definitely sore from the marathon nursing we had been doing not to mention some nipple confusion that has set in. I feel so sorry for my baby. I don't even know at this point if I want to nurse her because she lost so much while EBF. I am worried about her health she is too small to do too much waiting and seeing. I am hoping someone here has some ideas or advice. We are desperate. I know I am going to miss the nursing experience with her but I think it more important that she grows quickly.


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Invasive Species vs. Sculpin
Long Beach brewery throws tasty shade at San Diego's big beer brand
Ian Anderson 7:30 p.m., Dec. 2
Helix quarterback Brandon Lewis calls out the play in the offensive huddle
Posted August 12, 2011
Ian Anderson 7:30 p.m., Dec. 2
Don Bauder 6 p.m., Dec. 2
Dorian Hargrove 4:30 p.m., Dec. 2
Matthew Lickona 4 p.m., Dec. 2
Don Bauder 3:30 p.m., Dec. 2
Jeff Smith 1:30 p.m., Dec. 2
Marty Graham 11:30 a.m., Dec. 2
© 2016 San Diego Reader. All rights reserved. No part of this site may be reproduced without our written permission.
Each newsletter subscription means another chance to win!Close


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Kate Tagert & Edward Whitford
The bride and groom
photographs by Bruce Plotkin
Serving in the United States Army brought Kate Tagert and Edward Whitford together. Dedicating their lives to their country brought more than just a career for this couple. The two met while stationed in Fort Stewart, Georgia, living close to one another in Savannah.
During a quiet night at home, Edward proposed to Kate. The couple was married at The Inn at Longshore in Westport by officiate Catherine Herbin. Reception celebrations were held at The Inn at Longshore as well, where family and friends danced the night away.
Kate is the daughter of Gudrun and Rory Tagert of Southport. She attended Fairfield High School before moving on to receive her bachelor's degree from American University in communications, law, economics and government. Kate received her JD at New York Law. She currently works as an attorney for the US Army-Judge Advocate in Richmond, Virginia.
The groom is the son of Nancy and David Whitford of Champaign, Illinois. David graduated from Centennial High School in Champaign and received his bachelor's degree from DePauw University in history and English literature. He received his JD from DePaul University and is currently working as a lawyer for the Army-Judge Advocate in Alexandria, Virginia.
The couple honeymooned in Napa, California.


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It is the only monatomic gold product whose efficacy has been clinically proven to enhance brain function. Many experience enhanced mental clarity, greater mind/body coordination, improved learning ability, increased creativity, and calmer reactions to stressful situations. Monatomic (monoatomic) gold is also often referred to as white gold, or the acronyms ORMES, ORMUS.
Helps promote mental clarity, improve focus and concentration. It has been clinically studied and shown to balance the two hemispheres of the brain and increase alpha brain wave production. It is generally accepted in neurosciences that this condition improves learning ability, increases creativity and reduces stress and restlessness.
Etherium Gold contains Monatrace, a naturally occurring deposit from an ancient seabed that supplies monatomic and other mineral elements.
Etherium Gold was discovered in 1995 while researching an herb that was putting HIV into remission for many victims in the San Francisco Bay area. An herb; Chamaebatiaria millifolium was generating many success stories. Since this herb is not known to have any medicinal value, researchers were quite perplexed as why it was having such a profound effect. It was determined that the ground where the herb was being harvested was rich in monatomic gold, and that its root structure, absorbing these monatomic elements into its cellulose was responsible for the medicinal action.
Geologists from the University of California in Davis studied the site and determined that there had been a meteorite impact there 11,600 years ago. David Hudson regarded by many as the premiere researcher of monatomic minerals has always stated that the highest concentration of natural monatomic minerals is in a volcanic eruption. What these two events would have in common is the tremendous heat that id generated by both events.
Etherium Gold is often referred to as naturally occurring monatomic gold or white gold, is purified from ancient sea bed in an area where geologists have determined was the site of a meteorite impact that happened 11,600 years ago. This impact generated intensive heat producing an abundance of monatomic elements.
Etherium Gold operates electromagnetically to harmonize the two hemispheres of the brain. This action causes the brain to reduce beta-wave production and increase alpha brain wave production. High beta waves are associated with greater stress and irritability. Alpha brain waves are associated with clearer thinking, greater tolerance for stressful situations, and increasing intuitive powers. Alpha brain waves also stimulate imagination.
Supplement Facts:
As a dietary supplement, take one capsule before breakfast and one capsule mid afternoon. Children can take one capsule before breakfast and consult a health care provider if additional daily servings are desired.
Seventh Generation Disinfecting Multi-Surface Cleaner, Lemongrass And Thyme - 26 Oz, 8 Pack
Our Price:$30.99


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Teave ja võimalused noortele kogu Euroopas.
A new EVS leaflet for potential EVS volunteers, prepared by Eurodesk Ireland Multipliers from Crosscare, explains all the steps to be taken to become an EVS volunteer.
Péter Mester, a 27-year-old Hungarian, shares his EVS experience in Ireland and invites you to live your own!
Catherine Terrett, shares her great EVS experience in Finland
Nacho Orellán, a 26 year old Spanish man from A Coruña (Galicia), has been taking part in the European Voluntary Service programme in Prato, Italy, since October 2013


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Ocean Safety officials say they have advised the city's Parks and Recreation Department to close the beach area at Hanauma Bay Friday due to the high influx of box jellyfish stings.
The parks department agreed to close the beach as of 11:09 a.m.
Ocean Safety reported 25 stings between 9:30 a.m. and 10:30 a.m. on Friday. So far on Friday, there was a total of 35 stings.
Paramedics were called for one patient but the teenager was not transported to the hospital.
Only three box jellyfish were count on the shoreline when lifeguards opened the beach in the morning.
City officials say alternate snorkeling sites are Kailua Beach or Waimanalo.
Ocean Safety officials will reassess the situation Saturday morning to see if the beach area will be reopened. If there are no box jellyfish, the bay could open at 7:30 a.m. at the earliest.
On Thursday, nearly 300 jellyfish were counted at Ala Moana Beach Park and Waikiki Beach.


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Wis. AG wants to fight child trafficking
Attorney General J.B. Van Hollen wants to make ending child trafficking a priority in the next year.
He tells the State Journal he wants to hire five full-time employees, including three special agents and two criminal analysts, who would work to fight child sex trafficking.
In addition, he wants to hold more training for law enforcement, prosecutors, and victim and witness coordinators and to work with lawmakers to draft human trafficking-related legislation.
Van Hollen asked for more than $900,000 in his department's two-year budget request.
Gov. Scott Walker's spokesman Cullen Werwie said the governor's office is reviewing it.
Van Hollen's spokeswoman Dana Brueck says the department doesn't have statistics on the scope of the problem in Wisconsin. But she says it would naive to think it isn't happening.
Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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True-to-life colors, timeless quality, and professional care. Each photo is personally reviewed by a color technician, guaranteeing that you receive top-quality prints every single time.
Preserve your picture-perfect memories with a stylish Photo Collage. Choose from boutique designs and customize your print to match the vision in your head.
Celebrate the season with stylish Holiday Cards printed on any of our premium paper options. Browse fresh designs and find the perfect card for your family.
The best gifts are personal. Create unique photo gifts personalized with your favorite photos.
Display your photos with a modern book that exudes style and craftsmanship. Featuring lovely paper options, sleek layouts, seamless lay-flat designs and gorgeous cover options.
You captured the highlights; now cement them into sports glory with game-changing souvenirs and photo keepsakes.
Give your loved ones a heartfelt holiday gift this season with our unique collection of photo treats.
From Save the Dates and Invitations to timeless photo keepsakes, we have an elegant selection for your big day. Now, all you need is a little love … and a camera.
Our prints and products are hand crafted in the Midwest.
We make beautiful products from quality materials and back everything with a satisfaction guarantee.


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Shine Your Light
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By Kate Nash: The New Mexican
Open-government and press advocates say proposed new exemptions to the state's public records law have made a good government bill turn bad.
House Bill 507, sponsored by House Majority Leader Ken Martinez, D-Grants, aimed to speed up the response time for getting public records, as well as make clear that e-mail can be used to make a formal request under the act.
But a committee substitute for the measure being pushed by executive agencies under the Richardson administration stripped out the quicker-release-of-records provision from the bill. Meanwhile, the new bill would create new exemptions to the Inspection of Public Records Act — changes that Martinez cannot support and never intended.
Groups who were supporting the bill until a meeting Wednesday of the House Health and Government Affairs Committee now say the proposal is "a disaster for the cause of open and honest government" and "absolutely subverts and reverses the intent" of the original bill.
The committee didn't act on the substitute bill.
"The bill would almost define `public records' out of existence," said Kip Purcell, president of the New Mexico Foundation for Open Government.
"It would permit public bodies to keep records secret 'by rule,' it would hide some of the secrecy rules themselves, it would classify nearly all documents pertaining to the 'regulation or supervision of financial institutions,' it would single out litigants against the government for unfavorable treatment," Purcell said in a statement.
"It would permit the withholding of documents on the basis of such nebulous and infinitely subjective standards as 'clearly unwarranted invasions of personal privacy' and 'frustration of a legitimate government function, and it would arguably make confidential all government-generated documents that are not otherwise 'available by law."'
Martinez said several executive agencies sought the exemptions, although he wasn't sure which ones.
When asked if Gov. Bill Richardson is supporting the exemptions, spokesman Gilbert Gallegos said the governor often doesn't comment on pending legislation.
And Gallegos said the agencies seeking the exemptions didn't consult with the Governor's Office about them.
The exemptions include "records of a public body, that, by their nature, must be confidential in order for the public body to avoid the frustration or a legitimate government function."
Also exempted would be "records contained in or related to examination, operating or condition reports prepared by, on behalf of or for the use of a public body responsible for the regulation or supervision of financial institutions."
Another proposed change in the bill says that nothing in the records act "shall be construed to require a public body to provide records pursuant to that act to a party with whom it is in litigation."
Martinez said that's not what he had in mind.
"I didn't want it to be a bill about exemptions," he said. "This bill wasn't about all that."
Lt. Gov. Diane Denish, who earlier in the session held a news conference to endorse the original bill, among other measures, said the changes "cripple" it.
"I do not support the committee substitute and stand completely behind House Majority Leader Ken Martinez. We want the bill to be effective in bringing more transparency and better responsiveness," she said in a statement. "The exemptions in the amendments cripple the bill. The sponsor is trying to maintain the integrity and spirit of HB 507, and we both hope to see that restored."
Among other things, Martinez's measure aimed to speed up the response time for agencies to produce records under the records act.
Currently, agencies have three days to respond to a request for records and 15 days to produce the information unless they need more time. The original bill would give an agency 10 days to produce records.
That provision was stripped out.
The bill still would make clear that an e-mail is recognized as an official request for records under the act, after a handful of state agencies in the past have refused to recognize e-mails as written request.
Martinez said he'll work to restore the bill to its original form.
Dana Bowley, executive director of the New Mexico Press Association called the measure as it stands "awful legislation."
"The new exemptions range from nonsensical to being so broad they could include almost any public record. And some of them are legally questionable. For instance, the provision allowing public bodies to deny public records to someone with whom they are in litigation is a costly, losing lawsuit waiting to happen to the first public body that tries it," he said in a statement.
"Public records are public records; you can't pick and choose what members of the public you'll give them to."
The bill as drafted would also allow an agency that plans to deny the records request to seek an attorney general opinion on whether the denial is consistent with the records act. The AG would have to respond within five days, but the change also says that any time limits for releasing the records "shall be tolled until the public records custodian receives an opinion from the attorney general."
Attorney General spokesman Phil Sisneros said the office is opposed to the bill.
The New Mexican and Freedom New Mexico are members of both the New Mexico Press Association and the Foundation for Open Government.


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Wartime Leicester
Sunday 11th November 2012 at 10.00am This is what time the ride will set off. It's best to get to the starting point at least 15 minutes beforehand to avoid missing the start.
|Cycling time
|Ride distance
|Suitable for
|Distance from me
|Ride level
|120 Mins The actual length of time you'll be riding.
|7 Miles The total mileage of the ride.
|Anyone Not all rides are suitable for everyone. This will tell you if the ride is suitable for you and/or your friends and family.
|? Miles
- Starting Point & Postcode
- The Bike Park, Town Hall Square LE1 9BG
- Overall Duration On a long ride, it's sometimes good to have a little break in the middle, or maybe a catch up at the beginning or end to keep it sociable. This means that the overall ride duration may be longer than the actual cycling time.
- 2 hours 40 mins (2 hours 0 mins cycling)
- Bike Type You probably don't want to drag your road bike across bumpy trails. Maybe you want to make the most of the suspension on your mountain bike. This helps you match your ride to your bike.
- Mountain Bike, Hybrid (off road tyres), Hybrid (road tyres), Road
- Suitable for Child Trailers
- Yes
- Accessible Route Accessible routes have been British Cycling assessed, with guidance from disability charities - meaning they are suitable for the majority of adaptive bikes. The route will have no or low levels of traffic, there will be plenty of space and will have a good surface throughout
- No


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When it comes to building a successful branded social media campaign, there are countless creative strategies and tactics at a brand's disposal. One strategy becoming more popular (especially with the rise of social media) is the microsite.
A brand's main website already has a structured navigation, ecommerce actions and basic social needs, and adding an additional component for a campaign or promotion could get complicated and/or make a mess of the site. Enter microsite, stage left.
A microsite is a dedicated site that is used to highlight a brand's product, a promotion or a campaign. It's an exclusive place for fans and consumers to engage and interact with unique content: both brand and user-generated.
Microsites are an effective method of enhancing marketing efforts, efficiently targeting additional audiences that companies normally wouldn't have time to reach using the traditional approach.
The most common social media campaign microsites contain user-generated content, creating context for the brand as well as credibility.


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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/81301
|Download PDF (Published version) (Adobe Acrobat PDF, 458 KB)
- Title
- Accessing the collection of a large public library: an analysis of OPAC use
- Author(s)
- Waller, Vivienne
- Abstract
- Despite widespread use of Internet search engines, the online catalogue is still the main pathway to the collection of a particular library. The use of Internet search engines does, however, have implications for user expectations around the online catalogue, and search strategies when using the online catalogue. There is much research on online catalogue use that predates search engine use, and there is a need for more up-to-date research, particularly on the use of online catalogues in public libraries. This paper reports on an analysis of transaction logs of end users of the online catalogue of a large public library in Australia, the State Library of Victoria. It compares searches over four years, taking into account the search settings and search strategies and looking at search success, including the reasons for search failure. The paper also introduces the concept of abandonment rates to online catalogue search, defining a metric that adds to the useful information that can be determined from transaction logs. The paper uses the findings as the basis for its concluding recommendations for how public library users can be assisted to find what they are looking for on the library catalogue.
- Publication type
- Journal article
- Research centre
- Swinburne University of Technology. Faculty of Life and Social Sciences. Institute for Social Research
- Source
- LIBRES: Library and Information Science Research Electronic Journal, Vol. 20, no. 1 (Mar 2010)
- Publication year
- 2010
- FOR Code(s)
- 0807 Library and Information Studies
- Keyword(s)
- Information behaviour; Library catalogues; Library users; Online public access catalogues; OPACs; Public libraries; Search behaviour; State Library of Victoria
- Publisher
- Department of Information Studies, Curtin University of Technology
- 1058-6768
- Publisher URL
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2010 Vivienne Waller. This article appeared first as: Waller, V. (2010). Accessing the collection of a large public library: an analysis of OPAC use. LIBRES, 20(1). The published version of the paper is reproduced here in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher.
- Research Projects
- Full text
- Peer reviewed


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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/81630
|Download PDF (Accepted manuscript) (Adobe Acrobat PDF, 616 KB)
- Title
- Finite-temperature excitations of a trapped Bose-Fermi mixture
- Author(s)
- Liu, Xia-Ji; Hu, Hui
- Abstract
- We present a detailed study of the low-lying collective excitations of a spherically trapped Bose-Fermi mixture at finite temperature in the collisionless regime. The excitation frequencies of the condensate are calculated self-consistently using the static Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory within the Popov approximation. The frequency shifts and damping rates due to the coupled dynamics of the condensate, noncondensate, and degenerate Fermi gas are also taken into account by means of the random-phase approximation and linear-response theory. In our treatment, the dipole excitation remains close to the bare trapping frequency for all temperatures considered, and thus is consistent with the generalized Kohn theorem. We discuss in some detail the behavior of monopole and quadrupole excitations as a function of the Bose-Fermi coupling. At nonzero temperatures we find that, as the mixture moves towards spatial separation with increasing Bose-Fermi coupling, the damping rate of the monopole (quadrupole) excitation increases (decreases). This provides us a useful signature to identify the phase transition of spatial separation.
- Publication type
- Journal article
- Source
- Physical Review A: Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, Vol. 68, no. 3 (Sep 2003), article no. 033613
- Publication year
- 2003
- FOR Code(s)
- 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics; 0204 Condensed Matter Physics; 0205 Optical Physics
- Keyword(s)
- Approximation theory; Atomic physics; BEC; Bose-Einstein condensation; Bose-Fermi mixtures; Differential equations; Fermi level; Finite-temperature excitation; Hamiltonians; Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory; Integral equations; Lithium; Mathematical transformations; Matrix algebra; Potassium; Random-phase approximation; Rubidium; Sodium; Statistical methods; Trapped Bose-Fermi mixture
- Publisher
- American Physical Society
- 1050-2947
- Publisher URL
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2003 The American Physical Society. The accepted manuscript of the paper is reproduced here for noncommerical purposes only in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher.
- Full text
- Peer reviewed


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Hi folks --
I recently became pregnant with my daughter just two years old. I am a working mom, but she happily nurses 4-5 times a day. It is really our way to reconnect after separation and very special for both of us.
After being the Dairy Queen for the past two years, I had been noticing that my milk supply had been going down quite a lot -- almost as soon as the pregnancy started. Before DD would regularily emerge with a "milky face" --lately mostly sucking with a few swallows. DD has definately noted the change and become more clingly then ever.
Unfortuntely today I had a miscarriage at 6 weeks and I am wondering if my milk supply will return to its previous levels? Anything that I can do to encourage that? Would love to bring my milk back before we try again for another baby.
Thanks for all your help.
Boo's Mom


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Every spring, the North Central College community celebrates the achievements of outstanding students in academics, co-curricular activities and athletics. Their accomplishments impress even the most veteran of faculty and staff, who have devoted their careers to student learning, critical inquiry and leadership development.
The elements of student achievement are integrated into the College's culture, through opportunities for student research and the College Scholars program; invitations from faculty to attend conferences and join honor societies; entrees into leadership through service, student life and athletics; and encouragement to apply to top graduate schools. Students are limited only by their own motivation and personal goals.
North Central NOW Fall 2008


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+SocialGood is a global community where connectors come together to share world-changing ideas and spark action in our social media era.
+SocialGood is inspired by the Social Good Summit, and powered by its partners and funders: The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Case Foundation, Caterpillar, Cisco, Enactus, Mashable, the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Foundation, and the 92Y.
[Click here to view our community guidelines](http://www.plussocialgood.org/communityguidelines)


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By NEMS Daily Journal
An emergency alert from Mississippi State says the school is operating under advisory conditions as of 9:55 a.m. Sunday after a reported robbery.
Here is what has been reported on the MSU site:
4/27/13 11:33 pm
No injuries reported at this time
4/27/13 11:28 pm
At approximately 10:37 p.m. a armed robbery involving a handgun occurred in the small parking lot behind Burger King. It is reported that two blacks males wearing dark clothes fled to the east toward Campus Trails Apartments,
4/27/13 11:01 pm
Robbery on campus
No other information available at this time.
Click here for more alerts and updates from Mississippi State.
More as it is available in this story.


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I would love to just let Levi wean on his own eventually, but the fact is I will have to attend a 6 week class, most likely in the summer. I am exempt from the class as long as I am in the language class I am taking currently, but as soon as I finish in June and move on to my next assignment, my new unit where ever that might be will want to send me immediately because I will be way overdue for this class.
Levi currently is nursing about a million times a day. I really don't know exactly, but if I let him nurse every time he asks and we are at the house, it's every 10 minutes. I have started telling him sometimes now that I don't have any milk and I'll just cuddle him, and sometimes that works and sometimes it results in a fit. I feel pretty terrible about it too, because I know he is working on 2 out of 4 of his 1 year molars, but I think I really need to get him to cut down a bit so I can have him down to fewer nursing sessions and eventually get his nursing down to a level that he will be able to handle it when I'm away from him for 6 weeks.
I've thought about night weaning because I think now that he is on Prevacid he is nursing less at night. Is 16 months too early to try nightweaning?
If I am within driving distance of the class, I might be able to come home on weekends, maybe he would still nurse if that was the case??? I am open to the idea of him either weaning or resuming nursing when I'm done with the class. I'm guessing he might not want to nurse if I didn't see him for the whole 6 weeks though. I'm willing to pump while I'm there if I have to. I just have no idea how to even start to wean him, even though I know I have a few months, this is going to be really difficult.


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Sign In
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25 Ways To Spend Your 25 Days of Christmas
Extra Voices: Elijah Kelley, Pt.2
Bruno Mars Just Wants You to Have a Good Time
Rae Sremmurd's 'Black Beatles' Hitting No. 1 Is Not a Sign of a Better America
Rate the Bars With Joe Budden
18 Eggplants That Broke the Internet
Look: TV Salaries Leaked and Black Actors Are Being Screwed
How EJ Johnson Plans to Create His Own Legacy
We Spoke to the Woman Whose Trump-Supporting Boyfriend's Racist Rant Went Viral
North West's Big Style Moments
Down In The DMs: Sevyn Streeter Wants You To Stop Sending D**k Pics
How Do We Explain Trump's Win to Our Kids?
Op-Ed: Trump's Election Was a Total Dick Move
'This is Our Nation, Now Get the F**k Out': Not the First Time America's Witnessed Hate, Not the Last
Soul Train Awards
BET Presents: Love & Happiness, an Obama Celebration
Soul Train Weekend 2016
106 & Park
Ed Lover talks about rappers and their many tattoos.
Ne-Yo stops by to promote his new movie 'Battle: Los Angeles'.
New Boyz drop two new joints, "Tough Kids" and "Backseat".
Not sure how to celebrate your holidays? This list should help you figure out the most fun ways to spend your 25 days leading up to Christmas.
Elijah Kelley gives us a little taste of his Sammy Davis Jr. impression.


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SEC, PCAOB and FASB speakers were among the headliners at the 2013 AICPA Conference. Key themes included quality and transparency for financial reporting and audits.
The 2013 AICPA National Conference on Current SEC and PCAOB Developments (the Conference) brought together presenters from across the accounting landscape: regulatory and standard-setting bodies, auditors, users, preparers, and industry experts.
The SEC staff provided an update on regulatory and financial reporting matters including areas of frequent comment and consultation trends. They emphasized the need for high quality, concise disclosures, focusing on ways registrants can improve communications throughout their filings. They also stressed the continued importance of internal controls over financial reporting, asking participants to remain vigilant in order to maintain the gains made over the past decade.
Quality and transparency were themes highlighted throughout the Conference, and were broadly applicable to the spectrum of conference participants. Topics on quality included both financial reporting and auditing, while transparency was discussed in the context of regulatory practices, audits and disclosures. These themes were emphasized by speakers from the Center for Audit Quality, the SEC, and PCAOB, and echoed by others involved in the financial reporting process.
Read our Dataline for more highlights from the Conference and our observations.


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Headlines (Campus Updates)
Communications, Public Affairs & Marketing
Canadian investment icon Ira Gluskin led panel discussion on careers in finance
Nov 8/12
Ira Gluskin, a legendary success in the Canadian investment world, spoke to a packed gathering of Wilfrid Laurier University business students in the Senate & Board Chamber on November 6.
Gluskin is the co-founder and vice-chairman of Gluskin Sheff + Associates, an independent wealth firm that manages portfolios of $3 million or more for select clients and institutional investors. He was joined on the panel by three highly successful Laurier business alumni: Bill Webb (86), executive vice-president and chief investment officer at Gluskin Sheff + Associates; Brad Dunkley (98), co-founder of Waratah Advisors, and Joe Overdevest (02), portfolio manager for Pyramis Global Advisors, a Fidelity Investments company.
Dunkley and Overdevest spoke warmly of their learning experience as business co-op students, and then full-time employees, at Gluskin Sheff + Associates.
Its the reason I came to Laurier, said Dunkley. The experience of Laurier co-ops has been fantastic, agreed Gluskin, who mentored the three other panelists through the early days of their careers.
Eleven Laurier alumni currently have positions at his firm, and Gluskin Sheff + Associates has employed over 100 Laurier co-op students.
After sharing their personal history of finding their way into investment banking, the panelists offered practical advice to the students. Collectively, they warned the students that although a career in finance had great financial rewards, it also requires very hard work among tough competitors. They told the students to discover where they belong in the investment field by gaining work experience through Lauriers co-op opportunities, student-run investment funds and business groups. Gluskin also suggested opening up a brokerage account, adding Youll find out soon enough if you have the passion to make it in this business.
Follow your passion was the overriding message of the panelists. The students were also advised to consider their personality type when choosing their finance career options. Not everyone has the same tolerance for risk, Gluskin noted, and investors have to get along with the comfort level of their clients and their company.
There are lots of ways to skin a cat, said Webb. Investment is a bit of an art form as well as a skill.
The students were advised to maintain a strong reputation for integrity, respectfulness, and consistency.
Everyone knows everyone on Bay Street, said Overdevest, so never speak badly of others. It will get back to them.
He told the students to take the time to make authentic connections, to pick up the phone instead of emailing, and to write thank-you notes by hand. Dunkley encouraged the students not to be afraid to stand out, and warned them that their Twitter, Facebook and website comments are likely to turn up on a potential employers Google search. Its the first thing we do when were looking at a possible hire.
The event was hosted by the department of Development & Alumni Relations at Laurier.
View all Communications, Public Affairs & Marketing news
View all Laurier news


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César Antonio Beltran is the first graduate of the Dominican Republic's leadership development program, graduating summa cum laude with a degree in computer engineering in February 2008.
He has now traveled to the United States to pursue a master's degree in Arts in Spiritual Formation and Discipleship at the Moody Bible Institute (MBI). Out of 47 students participating worldwide, César and two other LDP graduates received the Wess Stafford-Moody Scholarship last June.
While in Compassion's child sponsorship program, César searched for his spiritual gifts by participating in almost all church ministries, and he realized that his field is working with the youth and adolescents. "With this in mind, MBI is going to prepare me specifically for this type of church work," César says.
César's parents see this learning opportunity as a result of his love for the Scriptures. "Since Tony (nickname for César) was small, he wrote Bible verses on a piece of cardboard and put it up on the wall," recalls his father. "And many times, he met with his brother and his sister in his bedroom and they made contests of quick Bible search, text memorization, text analysis and things like that."
Also, his mother, Ana Mercedes, explains:
"Tony took some very good Bible courses with a missionary who taught himwhat a Christian youth should be like and encouraged him and other youth by having them transcribe Bible books with their own handwriting. He gave them new Bibles for a prize."
Small Tony helps with the family income
When Tony was eight, his family went through a difficult financial time. To help alleviate the situation, his mother started to work as a part-time school teacher, and she made iced drinks and arepa (a typical Dominican corn pie), which she sold at school.
When Tony was not in class, he helped his mother with the sales. He stacked the arepa pieces on a tray and filled the frozen drinks in a thermos and waited for the school break to sell the snacks to the students. "We lived in a very precarious condition," remembers Tony, as he explains the context of his entrance to Compassion. "My father was the pastor of a small church, and because of the financial situation of the members they couldn't offer us enough support."
It was a sad thing for Tony to sell snacks to other students and not be able to have the snacks of his preference. In the face of this scenario, he asked his father to make him a wooden shoe-shine box so he could make extra income for his needs.
Ana Mercedes narrates:
"His father made him his shoe-shine box, and he began to get up quite early to shine shoes at the homes of the school teachers and other homes so he could buy what he wanted with his earnings."
Tony and his interest in computers
Tony remembers that it was Compassion that set up the first computer lab in his community of Luperón. "To the surprise of all, it was the poor population that was developing in the area of technology," he says.
It was at the age of ten when he began to discover his passion for computers. Ana Mercedes remembers how the engineer in charge of the lab chose him to be his assistant.
"Because the engineer lived in the town of Santiago, he couldn't travel to Luperón every time there was a problem with one of the computers. Tony called him on the phone, and the engineer gave him directions to do the repair; this helped Tony a lot."
Tony's father laughs and says, "You know that passions bring their consequences. Several hard discs were damaged and the ink packages filled into the wrong cartridges. But we realized that it was a good hobby."
As a result of his dedication to technology, Tony neglected some of his key school subjects, for which his mother admonished him. Getting an 88 mark where he expected to have a 93 caused a lot of tears, and he was determined to make changes to come to be in good shape again.
Moving to the East
In 1997, Tony's family went through some hardship and moved from the northern coast in Puerto Plata to the eastern city of La Romana. Within a short time, Tony's father began to work as an assistant pastor at the Bíblica Cristiana Church, for which he received ministry support. Ana Mercedes started the business of selling clothes in different communities on weekends.
At the age of 13, Tony started high school. He was transferred to a different child development center, where the director got Tony's cooperation as a computer tutor for the youth and adolescents in the program. The english courses that Tony had taken at his first Compassion center in Luperón were an asset to him in this.
Grown-up Tony helping with the family income
Upon nearing the end of high school, Tony saw how tough his family's situation was with his father without a job. Tony's extracurricular technical degree in refrigeration allowed him to get a job as a refrigeration department assistant at the Central Romana Sugar Cane Industry, where he gained his supervisor's confidence and friendship. But one year later, Tony quit this job so he could have enough time to study.
Tony's involvement in his local church
Tony's sustained leadership training in LDP helped him be better prepared for ministering to the youth of Compassion's church partner at La Romana. The church pastor gave him room to lead small Bible study youth groups in which he preached the Word. "He bought books to do research in order to fight against sexual immorality among the youth," Ana Mercedes says.
Moreover, the pastor brought computer equipment into the church, and Tony was appointed manager. Tony trained several young people from the church in the use of these computer devices, and after his recent trip to Chicago, these youth have remained in charge.
Tony in the Leadership Development Program
Entering Compassion's leadership development program (LDP) wasn't in Tony's plans because the program had not been launched yet. So, after he finished high school in 2003, Tony began to study computer engineering at Central Eastern University through the support of a North American missionary family that came to the country to build churches. They offered to help him with the costs of his university education.
Just when he was starting his second semester, he heard about the opening of LDP and the chances he had of being chosen. However, he didn't want to apply because he feared he could be taking the opportunity away from somebody else who had no support at all. Finally, after the urging from his center director, he filled out the applicationand was admitted to LDP in November 2004.
"I felt a bit guilty for two months, but later I learned that it was a plan from God because right after I entered LDP, I lost contact with those people who were helping me."
Even today, Tony keeps a grateful heart to the Lord because God saw beyond his understanding.
One of the most amazing blessings to Tony was to learn that his Compassion sponsors decided to continue to sponsor him through LDP.
"All my family was filled with joy. I can't forget my mother's countenance — full of gratitude. My sponsors made me part of their family. I know that they were selected by the Lord to sponsor me, and listen, God does know how to do things right!
In his letters, Tony kept his sponsors updated on what was happening in his life and around him, and they shared with him their family news.
"My sponsors have been an inspiration to me. They encouraged me when I needed it most, and they served as mentors. I told them about the small things that I was doing, the girls that caught my attention, the ministries I was involved in, how I was doing in my preaching, the impact the LDP activities made in me, and so on."
Today, Tony can reflect and understand that it is God who has led him through.
To paraphrase the mindset of the prophet Daniel in the Old Testament, Tony describes how he managed to graduate with honors:
"But Tony laid on his heart that he would not defile himself with the king's food . . . I decided to be faithful to God in my career by not cheating on my exams or submitting someone else's research as if it was mine. It was difficult to swim against the current and not do what most students do, but the satisfaction of having done good is greater than the sacrifices made."


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Items where Author is "Davies, G"
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Pi, X D, Coleman, P G, Harding, R, Davies, G and Gwilliam, R M (2004) Characterization of the Interface Region During the Agglomeration of Silicon Nanocrystals in Silicon Dioxide Journal of Applied Physics, 95 (12). ISSN 00218979
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When working with serial software or hardware, you may need to test serial port connection with them, determine their efficiency rate, or troubleshoot in general. Standard Windows services don't offer this kind of versatility.
Our COM port terminal solution is a versatile application that offers a variety of options, such as changing serial port settings without the need to close and reopen the serial port, adjusting baud rate, data bits, parity, stop bits, flow control parameters; saving all received bytes into a file for later analysis and lots more.
Advanced Serial Port Terminal can send and receive data in multiple formats: ASCII/ANSI text, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. Incoming data can be exported to a specified file if needed.
Serial Port Terminal allows opening multiple real or virtual serial ports at a time and change their settings on the fly without closing and reopening ports. You can save the session parameters for later use.
Switch between data view and terminal view modes in Advanced Serial Port Terminal for efficient communication with serial device. Use predefined shortcuts for even more convenient work with the application.


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The Temples of Abu Simbel
The Temples of Abu Simbel are about 300 kms south of Aswan in the south of Egypt. The 2 massive temples were carved into the surrounding mountains during the reign of Ramses II, as monuments to himself and his queen Nefertari. Continue reading
Living in Spanish Caves
Arriving in Spain with the intent to explore Spain's wilderness by hiking and rock climbing we rented a speedy Golf TDI and quickly drove out of Barcelona. I had heard that there were many abandoned caves in Spain and it was possible to bivvy in them. I had planned on our one month trip to find and stay in Spanish caves. The TDI headed south west to Parque Monsant. The park itself consists of a massive limestone table top one hundred kilometres in circumference, with small valleys, forests, natural springs, and rocky crags inside of it. Outside of the park are olive orchards, vineyards, fruit trees, and pueblos throughout the region. The hillsides have all been terraced and four hundred year old rock walls can be seen. Continue reading
Travelling and Demon Slaying
I've wanted to swim with wild dolphins ever since I can remember. I went through a petulant teenage denial of this when swimming with dolphins suddenly became a fashionable life dream to possess. This period didn't last long – my dream was too big to be contained through contrariness and it persisted like an itch that needed scratching all through my twenties. By the time I was in my thirties it was virtually at obsession level. Continue reading
Sleeping under the Stars in Morocco
As part of an organised tour through Morocco, we had an overnight camp in the Sahara Desert. Arriving at an auberge or inn, we had a chance to offload our bags, collect overnight gear and sip mint tea before climbing onto camels for an hour long ride through the magnificent dunes of Erg Chebbi. The views as we were riding were amazing — rolling dunes of a beautiful orange gold colour and so peaceful. The camels seemed so placid, happy to stay in formation, and did as they were told. I'm sure they would have found their own way to the camp, but we had a guide leading us. Continue reading
Indian Rails
I am always surprised at how efficient and friendly the Indian rail reservation people are. 5 minutes in their office and I left with a 300 Rupee ticket for an overnighter from Mumbai to Goa, leaving tomorrow night. Saves me a nights accommodation as well! Really looking forward to the beach now!
A Door Façade in Seoul
Strolling around in Seoul in 2009 we found this façade made of old doors on a building of the Seoul Women's University. Continue reading


text: Sony's PlayStation NGP has been announced and Sony has debuted their first trailer telling PlayStation gamers that the power is now in your hands. PlayStation NGP has a release date sometime at the end of 2011, but for now, all we can do is wait and watch the debut trailer. Want to find out what games are coming out to the PlayStation NGP? Head on over to our preview of the PlayStation NGP's features and games.


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25 U.S. Code § 495 - Annette Islands reserved for Metlakahtla Indians
Until otherwise provided by law the body of lands known as Annette Islands, situated in Alexander Archipelago in southeastern Alaska on the north side of Dixon's entrance, is set apart as a reservation for the use of the Metlakahtla Indians, and those people known as Metlakahtlans who, on March 3, 1891, had recently emigrated from British Columbia to Alaska, and such other Alaskan natives as may join them, to be held and used by them in common, under such rules and regulations, and subject to such restrictions, as may be prescribed from time to time by the Secretary of the Interior.
Section was formerly classified to section 358 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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Traditionally, the last day of a legislative session is set aside just to consider any vetoes the governor may make. Recently, however, the General Assembly has also used the time to wrap up a few lingering issues, and this year is no different.
While several issues remain unresolved, the General Assembly completed its biggest task early last week when it overwhelmingly approved a budget to run state government for the next two years.
In many ways, this legislation mirrors the proposal the House voted for last month. It gives our elementary and secondary schools, for example, their first real increase since 2008. There is also significantly more revenue for such things as textbooks, school safety measures and teacher development.
As you survey your life, tune back into the healing quality of love and the fulfillment it brings. Your body lets you know through your physical symptoms when and where there is trouble. Listen to your body's signals of trauma and emotional duress and be more aware of your own inner knowing to feel what is transpiring in your own body systems. You need this same awareness of sensitivity to accurately deal with your relationships with others.
As I mentioned in last week's column, here at the paper we never know what kind of conversation we'll have when the phone rings.
Recently, as I picked up the phone a woman blurted out, "Do you believe God talks to you through your dreams?"
My first thought: Is this a trick question? Does she believe it or does she believe it's hocus pocus hooey balooey?
My second thought: I hope she didn't dream that God wants her to run me over with a forklift.
In the final full week of legislative session, we continued to hash out state budget details with the House in conference committee after passing our versions of the budget bills. Conference committees include the Executive, Judicial, and Legislative Budgets for the next two years, as well as the state's road plan. There are many different opinions and philosophies on how to spend the money, raise revenue, and support the important public services for Kentucky. The budget is the ultimate statement of priorities for the Commonwealth.
If legislative sessions start like a marathon, they end like a 100-yard dash, as the House and Senate make a final push to turn their goals into law.
Leading the agenda, of course, is the state's two-year budget and highway plan. Legislative leaders began meeting Wednesday to hammer out a compromise, and the good news is that there is some broad area of agreement.
When the phone rings here at the newspaper, you never know who's on the other end and what the person will say.
That's why we have an antacid dispenser in the break room. (Not really.)
One day last week I got a call from a woman who sounded greatly distressed; she had lost her wedding rings.
It happened several months ago when she was going through cancer treatment. She said the treatment muddled her brain, made her absent-minded and forgetful.
For me, last week began and ended with funerals.
On Monday, I attended the funeral of Mary Zawalich, whom I'd never met, or maybe I have and I don't remember.
About a month ago, she called me. She told me her name and said she was 92 and she was dying, but that it was OK, that it was a "happy death."
She had called to say that she's been a reader of my column and that I've been a "wonderful part" of her life. She called to thank me, to say that she admired me, that she has loved me.
Every once in a while, like 20 or 50 times a day, I wonder if I'll ever get better.
I wonder if my faith will ever grow deeper or stronger, if I'll ever have more passion for God, more desire for holiness.
Sometimes I think I must surely be the sorriest excuse for a Christian in the history of Christendom.
Sometimes people ask me when my next book is coming out, and I tell them probably never. I explain that the publishing market has changed dramatically, which is true, and that people don't buy books the way they used to, also true.
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The Trimble Banner is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Trimble County, KY and the surrounding area.


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What is in this article?:
- Input costs put pressure on corn silage yields
- Earlier wheat harvest
• The higher price of inputs this season puts even more pressure on maximizing silage yields without breaking the bank on inputs.
More About:
Corn silage is a valuable feedstock for many dairy farms and some beef operations.
The higher price of inputs this season puts even more pressure on maximizing yield without breaking the bank on inputs.
Some of the following guidelines should help with a successful planting season and put the silage corn crop in the best position to reach high yields.
Soil test and fertilize accordingly. Many silage fields in Kentucky have two crops, wheat and corn, both for silage. Good yields of both of those crops can pull more than 300 pounds of potassium and 150 pounds of phosphorus from the soil, according to AGR-1 Lime and Nutrient Recommendations. These nutrients must be replaced. Applying nutrients according to soil test will help identify exactly what is needed and where it is needed.
Select good hybrids. Based on the 2010 Silage Corn Hybrid Test, hybrid yields differed by as much as 6 tons per acre and milk yields differed by as much as 8,500 pounds per acre. Find as much data on hybrids as possible before purchasing them.
Obviously, forage yield data is the best, but grain yields are an indicator of overall tonnage and can be useful as well. Finding no data on a hybrid is not a good sign. Stay away from hybrids with no track record.
Plant on time. Corn planting is recommended from April 1 to May 1 in western and central Kentucky and April 15 to May 15 in eastern Kentucky. However, many silage fields are planted after these dates, which most likely results in some yield losses.


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Short paper setting out conceptual and methodological differences between western mainstream (neoclassical) economics and other traditions, and discussing the contrast between the increasingly abstract, technical model-based approach adopted in academic papers and the more practical applications sought by policymakers. Written in 1997 (as background to the then-new textbook Microeconomics in Context by Goodwin, Weisskopf, Ackerman and Lancaster, designed for use in Russia during the transition from central planning), but still relevant to current methodology debates.
Online Text and Notes in Transition Economics
Neva R Goodwin, Oleg I. Ananyin, Frank Ackerman and Thomas E. Weisskopf, Tufts University
Licence: All Rights Reserved
Gérard Roland, University of California, Berkeley
This .pdf document is one day's lecture notes on the May 2004 European Union expansion. It includes tables and graphs in colour.
Licence: Not known: assume All Rights Reserved
Gérard Roland, University of California, Berkeley
This webpage supports a course on Transition in Eastern Europe as taught by Gerard Roland of University of California, Berkeley in 2001. It contains ore than a dozen note-form handouts in PDF files, a syllabus, plus many suggested review questions.
Licence: Not known: assume All Rights Reserved


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See our entire collection of durable hardwood Wooden Blocks.


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"I am a convert to the Catholic Church and barely knew the basics about the faith. I have learned so much since I have been listening to Catholic Answers Live. Thank you for answering my questions and helping me better understand my faith."
~ Brenda, Vancouver, WA
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"No work of charity should be regarded as foreign to the Society, although its special object is to visit poor families."
~ In outlining the activities of The Society of Saint Vincent de Paul, an international association of Catholic laymen engaging systematically in personal service to the poor, the founders had an eye to the future needs of human kind.


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Dynamic Programming versus Memoization
[Edit on 2012-08-27, 12:31EDT: added code and pictures below. 2012-08-27, 13:10EDT: also incorporated some comments.]
I wrote this on the Racket educators' mailing list, and Eli Barzilay
suggested I post it here as well.
The article is about the difference between memoization and dynamic programming (DP). Before you read on, you should stop and ask yourself: Do I think these two are the same concept?; if you think they are different, How do I think they differ?; and for that matter, Do I even think of them as related?
Did you think? Okay, then read on.
They most certainly are related, because they are both mechanisms for optimizing a computation by replacing repeated sub-computations with the storage and reuse of the result of those sub-computations. (That is, both trade off space for time.) In that description is already implicit an assumption: that the sub-computation will return the same result every time (or else you can't replace the computation with its value on subsequent invocations). You've almost certainly heard of DP from an algorithms class. You've probably heard of memoization if you're a member of this language's community, but many undergrads simply never see it because algorithms textbooks ignore it; and when they do mention it they demonstrate fundamental misunderstandings (as Algorithms by Dasgupta, Papadimitriou, and Vazirani does).
Therefore, let's set aside precedent. I'll tell you how to think about them.
Memoization is fundamentally a top-down computation and DP is fundamentally bottom-up. In memoization, we observe that a computational tree can actually be represented as a computational DAG (a directed acyclic graph: the single most underrated data structure in computer science); we then use a black-box to turn the tree into a DAG. But it allows the top-down description of the problem to remain unchanged. (As I left unstated originally but commenter23 below rightly intuited, the nodes are function calls, edges are call dependencies, and the arrows are directed from caller to callee. See the pictures later in this article.)
In DP, we make the same observation, but construct the DAG from the bottom-up. That means we have to rewrite the computation to express the delta from each computational tree/DAG node to its parents. We also need a means for addressing/naming those parents (which we did not need in the top-down case, since this was implicit in the recursive call stack). This leads to inventions like DP tables, but people often fail to understand why they exist: it's primarily as a naming mechanism (and while we're at it, why not make it efficient to find a named element, ergo arrays and matrices).
In both cases, there is the potential for space wastage. In memoization, it is very difficult to get rid of this waste (you could have custom, space-saving memoizers, as Václav Pech points out in his comment below, but then the programmer risks using the wrong one...which to me destroys the beauty of memoization in the first place). In contrast, in DP it's easier to save space because you can just look at the delta function to see how far "back" it reaches; beyond there lies garbage, and you can come up with a cleverer representation that stores just the relevant part (the "fringe"). Once you understand this, you realize that the classic textbook linear, iterative computation of the fibonacci is just an extreme example of DP, where the entire "table" has been reduced to two iteration variables. (Did your algorithms textbook tell you that?)
In my class, we work through some of the canonical DP algorithms as memoization problems instead, just so when students later encounter these as "DP problems" in algorithms classes, they (a) realize there is nothing canonical about this presentation, and (b) can be wise-asses about it.
There are many trade-offs between memoization and DP that should drive the choice of which one to use.
- leaves computational description unchanged (black-box)
- avoids unnecessary sub-computations (i.e., saves time, and some space with it)
- hard to save space absent a strategy for what sub-computations to dispose of
- must alway check whether a sub-computation has already been done before doing it (which incurs a small cost)
- has a time complexity that depends on picking a smart computation name lookup strategy
- forces change in desription of the algorithm, which may introduce errors and certainly introduces some maintenance overhead
- cannot avoid unnecessary sub-computations (and may waste the space associated with storing those results)
- can more easily save space by disposing of unnecessary sub-computation results
- has no need to check whether a computation has been done before doing it—the computation is rewritten to ensure this isn't necessary
- has a space complexity that depends on picking a smart data storage strategy
I therefore tell my students: first write the computation and observe whether it fits the DAG pattern; if it does, use memoization. Only if the space proves to be a problem and a specialized memo strategy won't help—or, even less likely, the cost of "has it already been computed" is also a problem—should you think about converting to DP. And when you do, do so in a methodical way, retaining structural similarity to the original. Every subsequent programmer who has to maintain your code will thank you.
I'll end with a short quiz that I always pose to my class.
Memoization is an optimization of a top-down, depth-first computation for an answer. DP is an optimization of a bottom-up, breadth-first computation for an answer. We should naturally ask, what about
- top-down, breadth-first
- bottom-up, depth-first
- Do we already have names for them? If so, what?, or
- Have we been missing one or two important tricks?, or
- Is there a reason we don't have names for these?
Where's the Code?I've been criticized for not including code, which is a fair complaint. First, please see the comment number 4 below by simli. For another, let me contrast the two versions of computing Levenshtein distance. For the dynamic programming version, see Wikipedia, which provides pseudocode and memo tables as of this date (2012-08-27). Here's the Racket version:
(define levenshtein (lambda (s t) (cond [(and (empty? s) (empty? t)) 0] [(empty? s) (length t)] [(empty? t) (length s)] [else (if (equal? (first s) (first t)) (levenshtein (rest s) (rest t)) (min (add1 (levenshtein (rest s) t)) (add1 (levenshtein s (rest t))) (add1 (levenshtein (rest s) (rest t)))))])))The fact that this is not considered the more straightforward, reference implementation by the Wikipedia author is, I think, symptomatic of the lack of understanding that this post is about.
Now let's memoize it (assuming a two-argument
(define levenshtein (memoize (lambda (s t) (cond [(and (empty? s) (empty? t)) 0] [(empty? s) (length t)] [(empty? t) (length s)] [else (if (equal? (first s) (first t)) (levenshtein (rest s) (rest t)) (min (add1 (levenshtein (rest s) t)) (add1 (levenshtein s (rest t))) (add1 (levenshtein (rest s) (rest t)))))]))))All that changed is the insertion of the second line.
Bring on the Pitchers!The easiest way to illustrate the tree-to-DAG conversion visually is via the Fibonacci computation. Here's a picture of the computational tree:
Now let's see it with memoization. The calls are still the same, but the dashed ovals are the ones that don't compute but whose values are instead looked up, and their emergent arrows show which computation's value was returned by the memoizer.
Important: The above example is misleading because it suggests that memoization linearizes the computation, which in general it does not. If you want to truly understand the process, I suggest hand-tracing the Levenshtein computation with memoization. And to truly understand the relationship to DP, compare that hand-traced Levenshtein computation with the DP version. (Hint: you can save some manual tracing effort by lightly instrumenting your memoizer to print inputs and outputs. Also, make the memo table a global variable so you can observe it grow.)


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