text:
Vt. issues towns new stormwater rulesLISA RATHKE
THE Associated Press | December 06,2012AP PHOTO
A sewer cover is seen along the shore of Lake Champlain on Wednesday in Burlington. The Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation is working to reduce water pollution in the lake's watershed by requiring a number of municipalities to do more to control stormwater runoff.MONTPELIER — The Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation is requiring a number of municipalities and other groups to do more to control stormwater runoff to reduce pollution in the Lake Champlain watershed with measures that could cost up to $100 million.
The permit issued Wednesday requires 13 communities, the University of Vermont, the Burlington International Airport and the state Transportation Agency to develop stormwater management plans within three years to reduce the amount of polluted runoff that flows into streams, rivers, ponds and lakes.
The permit requires the communities to implement the stormwater control as soon as possible, but no later than 20 years from the effective date of the permit.
"Many streams and rivers in Vermont's urbanized areas suffer from polluted runoff from buildings, parking lots, and roads that contains metals, oil and grease, and nutrients. In addition, this runoff can cause serious erosion with associated damage to fish and wildlife living in and along streams, and impacts to recreational and fishing opportunities," the department said.
The sediment and nutrients eventually wash downstream, much of it as pollution into Lake Champlain, the department said.
The stormwater control measures are expected to cost St. Albans Town millions of dollars, said Steve Beauregard, its public works director.
The communities will be eligible to apply for zero interest loans to defray the costs of the planning efforts. The department also plans to work with the Legislature to find funding options.
"We've known that this has been coming for some time," Beauregard said.
Because the town is so rural, it has plenty of space to do some of the projects, such as creating stormwater ponds to catch the water and release it over a longer period, he said.
"I think it's going to be a much tougher road for the cities just because they don't have the space to put the projects in," he said.
In Rutland, Evan Pilachowski, commissioner of public works, said he didn't yet know what the implications could be.
"It's definitely going to be a challenge," he said.
There's less space for surface water ponds so cities often use underground water detention, which is more costly, Pilachowski said.
That might include a pipe and a gravel bed underground or other options, he said.
The affected communities are Burlington, Colchester, Essex, Essex Junction, Milton, Shelburne, South Burlington, Williston, Winooski and the towns and cities of both Rutland and St. Albans.MORE IN Vermont NewsMONTPELIER Rep. Peter Welch, D-Vt. Full StoryVermont Attorney General Bill Sorrell plans to join the U.S. Full StoryMONTPELIER Gov. Full Story
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text: I am a new mom of a 1 month old and am concerned about how often he is feeding. I try to pay attention to his hunger signs(rooting,etc) instead of a schedule but it seems like everytime I finish feeding, he is ready to eat again sometimes as early as 20 minutes later. He has had appropriate weight gain and a good number of wet and soiled diapers. I've heard newborns have growth spurts around 3 weeks and 6 weeks, but this has been going on now for a few weeks. Any ideas?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
After years of conversations with neighbors and local and regional business groups, Suffolk Downs has made upgrading local roads and transportation infrastructure a major priority of its proposed development.
As a business in East Boston and Revere for 77 years with employees who live in the surrounding communities, we know and understand the local road conditions, especially during morning and evening peak times. Unfortunately, prior to our transportation plan, limited investment has been made in improving the Route 1A corridor north of Logan International Airport.
We started planning our transportation program with a commitment to making sure the improvements that we propose to design and fund go beyond the potential impact of our development. Click here to download the most recent version of Suffolk Downs' proposed transportation improvements.
Our main objectives are:
- Address potential impacts of resort visitation
- Address key existing conditions along corridor
- Limit resort traffic to major roadways (discourage use of neighborhood roads)
- Improve conditions for resort visitors, neighbors and regional commuters
Suffolk Downs:
- Engaged Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. (VHB) in 2009
- Engaged Seagull Consulting in 2011
- Held preliminary discussions with community leaders, neighbors, stakeholders, government agencies
- Updated daily traffic counts of 19 major local intersections in June 2010, at Suffolk Downs' expense
Where People Come From
Based on models from other resort gaming developments and looking at them in the context of Boston's regional and local road network, we projected how visitors by car will get to and from Suffolk Downs.
What We Studied
At Suffolk Downs' expense, traffic engineers updated the daily traffic counts at 19 major local intersections in June 2010.
- Route 1A/Tomasello Drive: Signal and turning lanes enhance primary Suffolk Downs Resort access and safety
- Route 1A/Boardman Street: Flyover and Boardman intersection redesign address deficient conditions and improve local access
- Route 145/Tomasello Drive : Enhanced intersection improves Suffolk Downs Resort access and safety
- Route 1/Route 16: Reconfigured ramp connections shift traffic from Rte 60 & Bell Circle, and improve access to Rte 1A
- Route16/Harris Street: Geometric modifications improve operations and safety, and provide missing pedestrian phases
- Winthrop Avenue/Bennington Street: Curb relocations and lane reconfigurations improve safety and traffic operationsn
- Bennington Street/Saratoga Street: Geometric and signal improvements to traffic operations & safety, including station access
- Transit Access: Improvements to the Blue Line Suffolk Downs MBTA station access including upgraded pedestrian & shuttle connections to The Resort
- Vehicular Access
- Bicycle Access
- Transit Access
- Pedestrian Access
- Shuttle to Water Transportation / Connections to Seaport, BCEC, Cruise Terminal & other Boston Tourist Attractions
- Proposed improvements go far beyond addressing potential impacts of The Resort—they will also address significant existing regional and local traffic issues.
- No other potential redevelopment plans for the Suffolk Downs site could support the scale of transportation improvements associated with The Resort.
- Our plan limits resort traffic from utilizing neighborhood roads.
- Major roadway improvements are unlikely to be realized by public agencies themselves in the foreseeable future.
Visitation to resort destinations is different than normal traffic patterns. For example, 55% of visits occur on Friday, Saturday and Sunday. Visits are spread out over a 24-hour time frame, too, diffusing their impact throughout the day.
By The Numbers
Suffolk Downs is proposing to invest $40 million in private funding on local road and infrastructure improvements. Approximately $30 million of this is planned for a flyover at Boardman St., widening and adding access lanes to Route 1A and upgrading the resort's main entrance. The other $10 million is dedicated for other local and regional projects, including missing ramp connections at Route 1 and 16, in partnership with our host and surrounding communities.
See how our plan will improve conditions:
Also, Suffolk Downs and its transportation consultants have studied and developed plans for several other local intersections that will help ease congestion in Bell Circle along Route 60, improve the ramp connections at Route 1 and Route 16 in Revere and Chelsea, and improve safety and traffic on neighborhood roads and intersections near the property. These and other potential upgrades will be part of our discussion with our host and surrounding communities.
Proposed Improvements and Mitigation
In addition, Suffolk Downs will improve access from the Suffolk Downs MBTA station to its main entrances and add bike access and enhanced pedestrian access throughout the property.


text:
June 19, 2013 —
I've always had tough feet. It is a distinction garnered from my childhood days of running barefoot around our farm—turning tour jetes through the hard stubble left after the grass had been cut and baled during haying season.
While I mainly wear shoes now, I still have those callouses. Partly from all those years of ballet lessons and feet-warping toe shoes, but also from the summers spent bunching and tossing and stacking hay bales with my family and neighbors.
That was back when all bales were square and tied with bailing twine and not the large, round bales mainly seen today.
Haying season is in full swing in our communities this month as farmers begin gathering hay for storage—in short, getting ready for winter. My neighbor came last week to mow and rake and bale the grass in the old farm fields around my house. He even baled up the outskirts of our lawn (the tall grass and wildflowers that buffer our house and lawn from Route 97).
Farmers work fast until a machine (inevitably) breaks down, or the sky starts to thunder and lightning. Haying is often a race against the ruining rain that leaches nutritional value and makes bales heavy. Good quality hay is green and light and fragrant, full of clover and timothy and birdsfoot trefoil.
Occasionally I still see old sickle bar mowers in use, but more often I see them stranded in old fields like so many toothed-backed dinosaurs—remnants of time past. These were the kinds of mowers my father had that have given way to the disk mowers, haybines and mower conditioners of today.
I remember the fun we had jumping windrows, stacking bales, and making tunnels and hay houses. I loved riding on top of the loads of hay. We looked for birds' nests and snakes (sometimes cut and bound in the bales).Sometimes one of the machines would hit a bee hive in the grass.
I remember running to get a wrench from a tool box when one of the machines broke down. There were a lot of machinery breakdowns. The PTO (aka the power take off) on the Ford tractor broke. The bailer's twine knotting thing-a-ma-jig broke. The hay elevator broke. After we got the kicker bailer (which propelled the bales into a wagon hauled behind the bailer), the kids weren't needed to "bunch" bales. But by that time I was old enough to drive the truck in the field. Even so, sometimes the bales overshot the wagon when it was driven across the uneven fields.
At the end of the day we went swimming. The cool water was soothing to our sunburned arms and scratched and itchy legs.
Needless to say, times have changed. When I work outside I wear shoes and long pants. My kids don't have haying experience outside of watching the tractor pull the mower around our old fields. They watch the tractor as it spears up the round bales and lines them up at the border of the field. Then they play on the white, plastic covered length of hay bales waiting for winter.


text:
FAQs about Peace Corps in Togo
|FAQs about Peace Corps
For information see Welcomebooks
- 1 How much luggage will I be allowed to bring to Togo?
- 2 What is the electric current in Togo?
- 3 How much money should I bring?
- 4 When can I take vacation and have people visit me?
- 5 Will my belongings be covered by insurance?
- 6 Do I need an international driver's license?
- 7 What should I bring as gifts for Togolese friends and my host family?
- 8 Where will my site assignment be when I finish training and how isolated will I be?
- 9 How can my family contact me in an emergency?
- 10 Will there be e-mail and Internet access? Should I bring my computer?
How much luggage will I be allowed to bring to Togo?
Most airlines have baggage size and weight limits and assess charges for transport of baggage that exceeds this allowance. The Peace Corps has its own size and weight limitations, and will not pay the cost of transport for baggage that exceeds these limitations. The authorized baggage allowance is two checked pieces of luggage with combined dimensions of both pieces not to exceed 107 inches (length + width + height) and a carry-on bag with dimensions of no more than 45 inches. Checked baggage should not exceed 80 pounds total with a maximum weight allowance of 50 pounds for any one bag.
Peace Corps Volunteers are not allowed to take pets, weapons, explosives, radio transmitters (short-wave radios are permitted), automobiles, or motorcycles to their overseas assignments. Do not pack flammable materials or liquids such as lighter fluid, cleaning solvents, hair spray, or aerosol containers. This is an important safety precaution.
What is the electric current in Togo?
Togo is on a 220-volt system as is found throughout much of Europe.
How much money should I bring?
Volunteers are expected to live at the same level as the people in their community. They are given a settling-in allowance and a monthly living allowance, which should cover their expenses. Often Volunteers wish to bring additional money for vacation travel to other countries. This can be stored safely in the Peace Corps office. Credit cards and traveler's checks are difficult to use in Togo. ATM machines are available only in Lomé. If you choose to bring extra money, plan on bringing the amount that suits your own personal travel plans and needs. American bills can be exchanged in banks or on the street, although you should be cautious of street vendors who may attempt to take advantage of you.There are ATM machinesin Kara and Sokade now. Possibly Dapaong
When can I take vacation and have people visit me?
Each Volunteer accrues two vacation days per month of service (excluding training). Leave may not be taken during training, the first three months of service, or the last three months of service, except in conjunction with an authorized emergency leave. Family and friends are welcome to visit you after pre-service training and the first 3 months of service as long as their stay does not interfere with your work. Extended stays at your site are not encouraged and may require permission from your country director. The Peace Corps is not able to provide your visitors with visa or travel assistance.
Will my belongings be covered by insurance?
The Peace Corps does not provide insurance coverage for personal effects. However, such insurance can be purchased before you leave. Ultimately, Volunteers are responsible for the safekeeping of their personal belongings. If you wish, you may contact your own insurance company; additionally, insurance application forms have been enclosed, and we encourage you to consider them carefully. Additional information about insurance should be obtained by calling the company directly.
Volunteers should not ship or take valuable items overseas. Jewelry, watches, radios, cameras, and expensive appliances are subject to loss, theft, and breakage, and in many places, satisfactory maintenance and repair services are not available.
Do I need an international driver's license?
Volunteers in Togo do not need to get an international driver's license. Operation of privately owned vehicles is prohibited. Most urban travel is by bus or taxi. Rural travel ranges from buses to mini-buses to trucks to a lot of walking.
What should I bring as gifts for Togolese friends and my host family?
This is not a requirement. A token of friendship is sufficient. Some gift suggestions include: knickknacks for the house; pictures, books, or calendars of American scenes; souvenirs from your area; hard candies that will not melt or spoil; or photos to give away. Local gifts are also appropriate.
Where will my site assignment be when I finish training and how isolated will I be?
Peace Corps trainees are not assigned to individual sites until about one third of the way through pre-service training. This gives the Peace Corps staff the opportunity to assess each trainee's technical and language skills prior to assigning sites. You will have the opportunity to provide input on your site preferences, including geographical location, distance from other Volunteers, or living conditions. However, keep in mind that many factors influence the site selection process and that the Peace Corps cannot guarantee placement where you might ideally like to be. Most Volunteers will live in small towns or in rural villages, but will usually be within 1 hour from the nearest Volunteer. Some sites will require a 10 to 12 hour drive from the capital. There will usually be at least one Volunteer based in each of the regional capitals, and occasionally a Volunteer or two in the capital city.
How can my family contact me in an emergency?
The Peace Corps' Office of Special Services provides assistance in handling emergencies affecting trainees and Volunteers or their families. Before leaving the United States, you should instruct your family to notify the Office of Special Services immediately if an emergency arises, such as a serious illness or death of a family member. During normal business hours, the number for the Office of Special Services is 1.800.424.8580, extension 1470. After normal business hours and on weekends and holidays, the Special Services duty officer can be reached at 202.638.2574. For nonemergency questions, your family can get information from your country desk staff at the Peace Corps by calling 1.800.424.8580, extension 2326 or 2327.
Will there be e-mail and Internet access? Should I bring my computer?
Email and internet services are available in all the regional capitals as well as some of the larger towns. Though you may be assigned a village without electricity, most of your reporting will require a computer. You will also generally have access to charging stations when you visit prefectural capitals so you can charge your computer then.


text:
The Original Carriage House was built in the early 1840's. From the first floor, if you look up at the center of the room, you'll see the large opening where hay used to be loaded into carriages.
A 19th century timber merchant, Captain John L. Roper, bought the property after the Civil War. The family carriage, horses, riding equipment, and even a sleigh were kept in the carriage house. For years, the old carriage house stood idle until one of Mr. Roper's granddaughters decided it would make an ideal tea room.
In the mid 1940′s Virginia Bruce Roper converted the facility into a restaurant. It's reputation grew as a quaint tea room where good food and good friendship were regularly enjoyed. Artists and celebrities frequented The Carriage House. Among them, Mrs. Douglas McArthur in 1980.
In 1974, new owners turned the business into a night spot known as "Round the Corner." Repurchased in 1978, it was renamed back to The Carriage House, renovated, and returned to its original menu of aged, seasoned beef, and fresh seafood. Yet another owner, Omar Boukhriss, purchased "Maude's House" in 1998, and restored "The Carriage House" and its traditions.
Last Updated: 01/13/2014
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text:
This is the evaporative misting fan system that attaches to any golf cart and reduces ambient temperature by as much as 30º F. The unit attaches to the golf cart's canopy supports and has two fans with built-in nozzles that create microdroplets of dry mist that cool both golfers between holes without dampening surfaces or clothes. The fan adjusts to three different speeds and golfers can even select dry or wet mist with the turn of a dial to suit their cooling preferences. The water is supplied by a one-gallon water tank that provides up to seven hours of mist—plenty for two rounds of golf. The water tank stores in the included bin that attaches to the side of a golf cart with the included bracket and hardware. Power is supplied by the golf cart's battery; connection instructions included. 38" L x 7" H x 5" D. (19 lbs.)
Lifetime Guarantee
The Golf Cart Cooling System comes with The Hammacher Schlemmer Lifetime Guarantee at no additional charge. If this product ever disappoints you, for any reason, you may return your Hammacher Schlemmer purchase for exchange, credit, or refund.Should you have any questions, we are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Please call 1-800-321-1484 to speak with a product specialist or email us at email@example.com to receive a response within one hour.
Shipping charges noted in parentheses apply in addition to our standard shipping & service.
We're sorry, but gift wrap is not available. Please call 1-800-395-7006 for Premium or Express delivery rates.
Oversized items scheduled for expedited delivery (Premium or Express) may incur additional shipping and services charges because of their unusual size. Please call 1-800-321-1484 for an estimate of S&S charges. International callers, please call 1-513-860-3397.
We're sorry, but gift wrap is not available for oversized items.
Shipped via truck and may require customer assistance upon delivery. You will be contacted to make an appointment for delivery.
We're sorry, but gift wrap and gift cards are not available.
GST still applies and will be charged upon processing. For complete shipping & service charges please call Customer Service at 1-800-321-1484.
May we recommend:
COPYRIGHT © 2016 HAMMACHER SCHLEMMER & COMPANY, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. W105147 E. 57th ST • NEW YORK, NY • 10022 • 1-800-_321-1484


text:
In this article we are going to take the script we wrote in Introducing Cfengine and distribute it to all of our servers using cfengine. As an added bonus, we're going to pull both our cfengine configuration and the
sudoers file directly out of a versioning system. It's a simple additional step — something you should do with all centralized configuration files — and provides a convenient control point for modifying and auditing your configurations.
The goal here is to allow us to commit changes to our
sudoers files in one place and have those changes automatically propagated to all of our servers. You check the file out into your CVS sandbox, make your changes, and commit them, and the system will handle publishing those changes. We'll modify and distribute our cfengine configuration via the same mechanisms, which will allow us to expand the cfengine configuration as necessary without worrying about how to distribute the enhanced configuration.
There are two sides to every distribution mechanism: the client and server. The
cfagent binary is the client side of cfengine and
cfservd functions as the server. Cfengine has multiple layers of security checks, which results in a somewhat onerous transport setup. Unfortunately (but not surprisingly, given the difficulty of doing so), cfengine also does not always provide relevant error codes when something goes wrong.
To distribute our configurations we have to configure both the client and the server. For cfengine to run automatically we have to configure
cfexecd, a simple wrapper for
cfagent that sends output to system administrators via email.
Before we start that, though, let's put all of our files into CVS, since it's easy and important. It's probably possible to centralize configurations without a version control system, but I certainly would not want to try it. Since most versioning systems were created for developers, we aren't likely to use all of their features, which makes this task even easier.
I use CVS here because it's a de facto standard and is easy to use; the example should work with little modification with any other versioning system. This article assumes a working knowledge of CVS and a functional CVS repository. If you do not have these, CVS Home can likely provide any necessary help.
We're going to start with the configuration for cfengine itself, then add
sudoers file once we have cfengine working. It's unlikely
that the examples here will mesh perfectly with an existing repository, so
expect to modify them if you are already versioning files. Given that, let's
jump right in.
Create a temporary directory for your cfengine files, and create three files in it:
~ $ mkdir /tmp/cfinit/inputs
~ $ cd /tmp/cfinit/inputs
/tmp/cfinit/inputs $ touch cfagent.conf cfservd.conf update.conf
/tmp/cfinit/inputs $ cp /tmp/sudo.cf .
Notice we've included the
sudo.cf configuration we created in
the previous article. We're creating these files in an
subdirectory; as our configuration grows more sophisticated, we'll add other
cfengine files, such as modules and data files, and we need to support them now
so we don't have to change our system later.
Import those files into an appropriate CVS module:
~ $ cd /tmp/cfinit
/tmp/cfinit $ cvs import -m "new cfengine configuration" \
config/cfengine LAK yay
The last two arguments to
cvs import are generally not useful
to system administrators. I use my initials for the second argument and a
somewhat random term for the third argument; I have not yet used either of
these arguments for anything meaningful once I have imported something.
Finally, put our
sudoers file into CVS:
~ $ mkdir /tmp/sudo
~ $ cp /etc/sudoers /tmp/sudo
~ $ cd /tmp/sudo
/tmp/sudo $ cvs import -m "distributing" config/sudo LAK init
We've put it into the same tree as cfengine, so it will be easy to update both with a single CVS command.
Now decide where you want to store those files so that
can distribute them. I generally pick a location appropriate for the given
site and then link it back to
/cfengine, which makes it easy to
move things around if necessary.
~ $ mkdir /export/cfengine
~ $ cd /export/cfengine
/export/cfengine $ cvs checkout config
/export/cfengine $ ln -s /export/cfengine /cfengine
We've now laid the groundwork for distribution, in that we have all of the files centralized in a versioning system and we have them checked out into a central location from which clients can retrieve them. Our versioning system functions as a kind of funnel here, with all changes passing from people's sandboxes through the CVS repository and into the checked out store on the server. This eliminates most problems with two people modifying the same file and provides auditing and historical functions.
Since the cfengine configuration files that we've checked into CVS are empty, we need to check them out in a CVS sandbox to allow us to edit them:
~ $ mkdir cvs
~ $ cd ~/cvs
~/cvs $ cvs checkout config
Related Reading
CVS Pocket Reference
Cfengine uses public/private key pairs similar to SSH's key pairs. Unlike SSH, which usually only has a key pair for the server, cfengine requires that both sides of a connection trust the other side. This means that for a cfengine connection to work, each side of the connection must have the public key for the other side. Also unlike SSH, cfengine does not normally run interactively, which means that there's no prompt for whether you want to accept a public key from a new host. There are several ways to work around this problem, but they mostly come down to one of two solutions: copying public keys manually, or explicitly trust the IP addresses of the clients, servers, or both.
It is possible to use another cfengine tool,
cfrun, to retrieve
a public key for a host manually. This can be an acceptable method for some
cases, but it requires extra setup and, being an interactive utility, does not
solve the automation problem. Hopefully we will discuss
cfrun in a later article.
One important note about explicitly trusting an IP address is that it is only ever used on the first connection. Once you've retrieved the public key for a machine through a trusted connection, trust is never used again. This means that if a machine's keys change, you must manually update the keys; you cannot use trust to do so.
I prefer solving the problem of key management with a combination of trust
and manual intervention. Because my server's public key should never change, I
distribute that key with my cfengine package. Use
cfkey to create
the key pair. Once you've run it on your server, distribute
/var/cfengine/ppkeys/localhost.pub from your server to your
clients as
/var/cfengine/ppkeys/root-192.168.0.2.pub, assuming
192.168.0.2 is your server's IP address.
Add this public key to your CVS repository:
~/cvs/config/cfengine $ mkdir ppkeys
~/cvs/config/cfengine $ cvs add ppkeys
~/cvs/config/cfengine $ sudo cp /var/cfengine/ppkeys/localhost.pub \
~/cvs/config/cfengine $ sudo chown $LOGNAME ppkeys/root-*
~/cvs/config/cfengine $ cvs add ppkeys/root-*
This will distribute our server's public key with our configuration, and sets an example for distributing other servers' public keys. Ironically, this is a mostly pointless exercise because I can't pull this file down unless trust is already set up and I can't trust without this key. It makes me feel better, though, so I do it anyway.
Now that our client can verify the authenticity of our server, we just need
to tell our server about the client. We're going to use trust for this end of
the connection, because this is a simple example. This trust relationship is
configured using the
TrustKeysFrom directive in
cfservd.conf. In most real-world configurations, I collect the
client key as part of my cfengine bootstrap process. I hope to delineate this
process in a later article focusing on bootstrapping cfengine.
OK, now we have the files and they're all version-controlled, and we have some confidence that our key exchange will work. It's time to configure the files for distribution.
Let's start with the server, since it's a bit easier.
# cfservd.conf
# the name of our server is 'server'
cfengine_server = ( server )
# tcp_wrappers-like access control
AllowConnectionsFrom = (
TrustKeysFrom = (
/var/cfengine/ppkeys/localhost.pub *.domain.com
/cfengine *.domain.com
This is our first experience with cfengine's classes. You can think of them
as Boolean (true or false values). Any incidence of a class in a configuration
is essentially an
if statement. This statement lasts until the action ends or until the introduction of another class.
Cfengine has many classes that it automatically sets, including the host
name. This is why we're able to set the
cfengine_server class
based on our server name. Cfengine also provides a special action,
groups, for setting classes.
classes is an alias for
that action, but since I usually use it to delineate groups of machines, I
usually use the
groups moniker.
We set the
cfengine_server class only on our (wait for it...)
cfengine server, creatively named
server here. We could instead
use the hostname throughout the configuration, but then it would be difficult to
change servers, and as the configuration becomes more complex and servers take
on multiple roles, it can become difficult to determine why a certain server
has a certain trait. Using this class, it is always obvious the role of the
server on which a rule operates.
There is not much more to it. We use our server class to trust and grant connectivity to a range of IP addresses — you can only trust or grant connectivity to IP addresses, not hostnames — and configure which files those clients can see. In addition to the main configuration tree, I've added an extra file, the cfengine public key, and have provided unrestricted access to it. We won't use that in this configuration, but it's a nice way of giving administrators the ability to collect a host's public key manually if there's a problem with the key exchange (which is common).
AllowConnectionsFrom and
variables only work within
cfservd. The
admit action similarly only works within
Commit these changes into CVS:
~/cvs/config/cfengine/inputs $ cvs commit cfservd.conf
Now, on to the client. There are two important tasks the client must
perform before it can run normally. It must update its configuration, and it
must make sure
cfagent is capable of running. Both of those tasks take place
update.conf, which executes separately from the rest of the
cfengine configuration. Let's deal with the functional aspects first. This
configuration assumes that you have run
cfkey to create the key
pair and that
cfagent is installed in
/usr/local/sbin, which is the default.
# update.conf
# the name of our server is 'server'
cfengine_server = ( server )
actionsequence = ( directories links )
/var/cfengine/bin/cfagent -> /usr/local/sbin/cfagent
Cfengine was developed to operate well in an environment where machines
automount binaries from a server. If you automount
you may want to perform a copy instead of a link, so that cfengine will still
work if the automount fails, but a link should suffice for most installations.
cfexecd uses the link; it'd be nice to just configure
cfexecd not to require it, but I don't know of a way to do so.
We could get more complicated if we wanted, but this is at least the minimum required to make sure cfengine works. Let's copy the configuration now:
# update.conf, take 2
actionsequence = ( copy directories links )
domain = ( ExecResult(/bin/domainname) )
TrustKeysFrom = ( 192.168.0.2 ) # server.domain.com
SplayTime = ( 5 )
workdir = ( /var/cfengine )
configroot = ( /cfengine )
server = ( server.domain.com )
${configroot}/config/cfengine dest=${workdir}
${workdir}/bin/cfagent -> /usr/local/sbin/cfagent
This is where the configuration becomes a little confusing, because we've
encountered two frustrating aspects of cfengine. There is no indication of
whether we are dealing with a system variable (like
domain) or a
user-defined variable (like
server), and some variables are
case-sensitive (e.g.,
SplayTime) while others are not. Using the
wrong case on a case-sensitive variable can be very confusing because you will
receive neither a warning nor the behavior you expect.
Before we go through the new aspects of this configuration, we have to
discuss the configuration of the
domain variable. Cfengine relies
heavily (a bit too heavily, sometimes) on the domain of the machines it runs
on. It is absolutely imperative that both the cfengine client and server agree
on the domain of the client. It doesn't matter if that agreement reflects
reality, it only matters that both ends of the pipe agree. The client
configures the domain through the
domain variable and the server
finds the domain by performing
gethostbyaddr on the IP address of
the client. As important as this variable is, though, be warned that cfengine
almost always considers this the source of any problems related to trust, which
can be confusing when the real problem is something like incorrect keys.
Thus, setting
domain is our first task. If all of your hosts
have the same domain, it's probably easier to set the domain via a static
string, but if you use multiple subdomains, you need some means of retrieving
the domain automatically. The example uses
/bin/domainname, but
you could just as easily pull the domain out of
This can result in a Catch-22 situation if you hope to use cfengine to manage domain configuration — you must have the domain set correctly to run
cfengine, but you want to use cfengine to set the domain. The only answer I've
found for that situation is to use a one-liner that attempts to collect a
domain and sets a default if it fails.
The next variable we set is
SplayTime. It is especially
critical to set if you have many clients. This variable causes
cfagent to
sleep for a random amount of time up to a specified maximum; we set our
SplayTime to 5, so our clients will sleep up to 5 minutes before
contacting our server. This is a simplistic but usually sufficient form of
load balancing; it should spread the client connections evenly over 5 minutes.
Note that only the clients have a
SplayTime set; we want the
server to run immediately, so it can update any necessary files and dole out
the most recent versions when clients connect. Also, note the capitalization
SplayTime. Cfengine seems to be somewhat random in its case
sensitivity, and many configuration parameters aren't case-sensitive.
SplayTime is.
We also set some simple helper variables: the base directory of our local
cfengine configuration, the base directory of the configuration on the server,
and the name of our server. Then we define a simple copy statement. It's
pretty self-explanatory, but we'll go through it just for clarity. Notice our
use of the
any class here; this is a special class that always
matches, so it removes the effects of the previous class test.
Like the
files action, a
copy statement needs a
filename or directory. This filename is the source of the copy, usually on the
remote server. You must at least specify a destination for the copy. Our
example copies
/cfengine/config/cfengine to
/var/cfengine. Currently, the only directory in there is the
inputs directory.
/var/cfengine/inputs is the
default location for the cfengine configuration; the cfengine binaries look in
that directory for their respective configurations.
To tell cfengine to perform a remote copy, we specify the server to copy the
files from. We further specify that cfengine should recursively copy the
contents of the directory, so we'll have all of the subdirectories and their
contents. Lastly we tell cfengine to ignore any files or directories named
CVS, so as to avoid copying the CVS control directories. Although
copying the CVS directories would not be a problem in this case, there are
cases where it can be. Either way it's a waste of processing power and time,
and you might eventually be ignoring enough CVS directories that it would make
a difference.
Whew! Now we should be successfully distributing our empty
cfagent.conf, so we can move on to doing something within this
configuration. Remember that the
update.conf file is purely for
updating the cfengine configuration, so we must start within
cfagent.conf for anything else.
We've already added our
sudo.cf file to CVS, so now let's import that file into our configuration:
# cfagent.conf
# the name of our server is 'server'
cfengine_server = ( server )
domain = ( ExecResult(/bin/domainname) )
workdir = ( /var/cfengine )
configroot = ( /cfengine )
server = ( server.domain.com )
Hmmm, that's annoying, we seem to have duplicate definitions of variables
update.conf is completely separate from the rest of the
cfengine configuration. This is intentional; if you break any other aspect of
your cfengine configuration, you can fix it by updating from the central copy,
but if you break
update.conf, you've broken the update process
itself. Keep this file as simple as possible; all information collected in
this file is expunged before the normal configuration is executed. You may not
consider this a feature, but the author of cfengine certainly does.
When this script runs on the cfengine server, it imports two files. For the
clients all we do initially is import our
sudo configuration. We
need to modify our
sudo.cf file to make it copy the
sudoers file from the central server, rather than just enforcing
permissions. This is the whole purpose of our article.
# sudo.cf
actionsequence = ( files copy )
/usr/local/bin/sudo owner=root group=root mode=4111
checksum=md5 action=fixall
${configroot}/config/sudo/sudoers dest=/etc/sudoers
This is almost exactly the
sudo.cf file we built in the first
article in this series, but our
files action has become a
copy action. Now instead of verifying only the permissions of the
sudoers file, we're updating it from a central, version-controlled
location. This is not much different, but is much more functional (and
requires just a bit more setup) than our original version. We still
verify permissions on both the binary and the configuration file, but we now
have the ability to commit modifications to our
sudoers file into
CVS and have those changes distributed to all of our clients.
Note that you can also configure CVS to verify the syntax of the
sudoers file so that you never accidentally distribute an invalid
file. This is done entirely within CVS, though, so it's left as an exercise
for the reader. You could also use the above script to distribute the
sudo binary itself, but the assumption here is that you've already
installed the package when the system was built. Copying binaries quickly gets
complicated if you're dealing with multiple platforms.
Now that we have our complete
sudo configuration and we are
successfully updating it from the checked out copy on the server, it's time to
see how the server gets the most recent version of the file. As your
configurations get more complicated, this simple setup will likely not suffice,
but this works well for getting started:
# cvs.cf
actionsequence = ( shellcommands )
"/bin/sh -c 'cd /cfengine; cvs update -d >/dev/null 2>/dev/null'"
This file, imported by the cfengine server from within
cfagent.conf, introduces the
shellcommands action.
As you can see, this is a very simple action. There are some other options you
can use, but this is how
shellcommands instances usually look.
Notice that we had to use an explicit subshell to use
cd; when
cfengine runs a shell for you, it never interprets shell metacharacters, so if
you want the shell to interpret characters such as
;, or
|, you have to launch a subshell explicitly, as
Figure 1 shows how data travels from your CVS sandbox to remote servers. Assuming that cfengine runs every 30 minutes, the potential delays mean that it can take up to 90 minutes for a CVS change to propagate completely.
Figure 1. How data travels from your CVS sandbox to remote servers.
This is a simple method of having cfengine use
cvs to update
its files. A more sophisticated and less error prone form of this would use a
cfengine module that did error checking. As this stands, any errors go to
/dev/null (because
cvs produces output on
STDOUT and
STDERR) which means you are not likely to
notice a problem quickly. If you did not redirect the output of
cvs here, you would get an email every time cfengine ran, which
would quickly cause you to ignore all cfengine emails.
While that may have seemed like a lot of work, we now have a solid
groundwork for using cfengine as the automation harness for the rest of our
network tasks. It's now as simple as modifying files and committing them to
CVS. Cfengine might not be able to do everything we need it to, but it can at
least function as the logic and initiation engine for most everything else. If
you have recreated this configuration on your own site, you should now be able
to use cfengine to distribute newly committed versions of the
sudoers file and to verify that
sudo is always set up
correctly. All you need to do for this to work all the time is add a cron job
to execute it periodically.
Although cfengine is perfectly capable of adding that cron job for you,
there are some subtle and complicated issues in doing so, which makes it the
perfect topic for the next article in this series. Next time we'll cover
inline editing of files using cfengine and how to monitor and restart processes
based on changes that cfengine makes. We'll also introduce the use of
cfexecd to wrap our call to
cfagent in order to get
some handling of
cfagent output. In the meantime, you can find these examples
in CVS at cvs.madstop.com, and you can find multiple examples on how to add a cron job using cfengine at the Cfengine Homepage.
Luke A. Kanies is an independent consultant and researcher specializing in Unix automation and configuration management.
Return to ONLamp.com.
Copyright © 2017 O'Reilly Media, Inc.


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Thoughts For Today
Today's entry is a somewhat meandering collection of thoughts with no real connection to each other.
Thank God For The Nationals
The Phillies swept the Nationals in a 3-game series over the weekend, to put their record against the Nats at 10-2. Considering that the Phillies' record currently stands at 29-20, that means almost a third of their wins have come at the expense of the Nationals. Unfortunately for the Phillies, but maybe fortunately for the Nationals, the two teams do not meet again until September.
My Husband, Good Luck Charm?
On Saturday, my husband and some neighbors went to the game. That makes two games for him so far, none for me. Coincidentally, both of those games featured Ryan Howard grand slams. Maybe I should send him to more games this summer!
West Coast Road Trips
The Phillies are currently on a 10-game road trip, with the first seven of those games in San Diego and Los Angeles. I'm not a big fan of these West Coast swings – 10:05 game times mean that I start nodding off around the fourth or fifth inning. As the games end too late for the results to make into the next morning's paper, I have to turn on the computer or click on ESPN to see who won. Unfortunately patience has never been one of my virtues.
Fun With The Reading Phillies
In what I'm assuming is an effort to attract more fans, the Reading Phillies have made their Kids Club membership free this year. One of the benefits is free tickets to five different Kids Club games during the season. Of course, the parents have to buy their own tickets. Nonetheless, the four of us can attend the game for $20 – not a bad deal!
This past Sunday was the first of the Kids Club games, featuring a pre-game autograph session for the Kids Club members. Here is my daughter getting her t-shirt signed by R-Phils catcher Tuffy Gosewisch (my son is behind her, also in white):
Game time was a beautiful, sunny 75 degrees. Perfect baseball weather! Here's a shot of the first pitch, showing some of the surrounding hills, and pretty full stands for a minor-league game:
Shown here is Reading reliever Chance Chapman:
For whatever reason, those alliterative names just seem so appropriate for baseball players.
Although the R-Phils lost to the New Hampshire Fisher Cats, 7-4, the kids got to run the bases after the game, and had an overall great time. They are looking forward to the next Kids Club game, on July 5.
And Finally on a Sad Note
I will most likely not be posting any entries for the remainder of the week. Yesterday morning, my husband's mother passed away after a lengthy battle with emphysema. We will be busy the next few days with helping his dad prepare for the funeral services, and hosting out-of-town relatives. Once things settle back down, I will be back.
(photos by me)
9 Comments
Sue, please send my condolences to your husband and your entire family. My mom passed away 7 years ago; I know how difficult it can be. I will keep you all in my thoughts and prayers.
I'm hopping my Giants can sweep the Nationals in this 3 game series that starts tonight. Lincecum, Johnson and Cain against the Nats….
~ King of Cali
Julia – Thanks for your kind thoughts.
King – The Nats were bound to win sooner or later; unfortunately for the Giants they did so last night.
Sorry about your mother-in-law. My grandfather died from emphysema as well. Not fun to watch.
The pathetic Nats and their stadium are 2 and 1/2 blocks from where I work, an area that I call Loserville. They are a joke.
My thoughts are with you during this week.
Sue if you have been able to see two grand slams you are lucky as I am in finding $25 on the ground at Minute Maid! I hope the funeral and hosting go well for you and your husband. Sorry for the loss.
So sorry to hear that Sue…you and your family will be in my thoughts. Please let me know if you need to vent…I am here for ya!
Sue- I'm so sorry to hear about your mother in law. If I can do anything to help, please don't hesitate to ask. But, I guess we're all a little thankful for the Nationals, they're what keeps the Rockies out of last in MLB power rankings.
It sounds like a take one and give one back week in your house.
Great that you take you hubby to a game and they give you a win.
But it is sad and I send my prayers and condolences to your hubby for the passing of his mother.
The best thing to remember that with both pain and happiness there are memories attached to them you will remember the rest of your life.
I hope both events can make you smile both in the remembrance of a great game, and in the remembrance of a great mother.
Rays Renegade
Thanks Ken, Tom, Jenn, Emily, and Cliff for your kind thoughts. Things have settled down now, though the end of the school year is imminent – no more daytime blogging for a while!


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Lazaridis School of Business & Economics
Solving circle packing problems by global optimization: numerical results and industrial applications (ABSTRACT)
Castillo, I., F.J. Kampas, and J.D. Pintér
published: 2008 | Research publication | Refereed Journals - ODS
Castillo, I., F.J. Kampas, and J.D. Pintér (2008). "Solving circle packing problems by global optimization: numerical results and industrial applications", European Journal of Operational Research, 191(3); 786. Special issue on continous optimization in the industry.
ABSTRACT: A (general) circle packing is an optimized arrangement of $N$ arbitrary sized circles inside a container (e.g., a rectangle or a circle) such that no two circles overlap. In this paper, we present several circle packing problems, review their industrial applications, and some exact and heuristic strategies for their solution. We also present illustrative numerical results using 'generic' global optimization software packages. Our work highlights the relevance of global optimization in solving circle packing problems, and points towards the necessary advancements in both theory and numerical practice.
Download the article at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1496030671&sid=9&Fmt=2&clientId=27850&RQT=309&VName=PQD
revised Feb 21/07
View all Lazaridis School of Business & Economics documents


text:
Ernie Harwell, the Dodgers and a trade.
During last night's broacasting, Vin Scully was telling us a little story about Ernie Harwell. Vin said that back in 1948, when Red Barber was rushed to the hospital. Connie Desmond took over.
Branch Rickey, the renowened executive who ran the Brooklyn Dodgers called Atlanta Crackers President Earl Mann that he needed an announcer. Mann in turn told him "I need a catcher." So to get Harwell's services, Rickey traded minor league catcher Cliff Dapper to Atlanta.
Thus, thanks to perhaps the only broadcaster-player trade in baseball history, Ernie Harwell broke into the majors as a broadcaster in August 1948 with the Dodgers.
Harwell was the No. 3 announcer on the Dodgers' broadcasts. After he spent a year in that role in 1949, he became the No. 2 announcer with the crosstown New York Giants. To replace Harwell, the Dodgers hired a young announcer recently out of Fordham University, Vin Scully.
Rest in peace Ernie Harwell.
10 Comments
I've always loved this story…especially loved hearing Ernie tell it. RIP.
I had heard the story before but not from Ernie. I really should sign up for the MLB audio again even though I can no longer use it at work.
So sorry about Harwell. I wish I'd heard his broadcasts, but even more importantly everybody says what a kind man he was.
Vin had this to say about Ernie:
"He was so gracious and kind. Probably the best word: He was gentle," Scully said. "And it came across. He just cared for people. He loved baseball."
He will be missed by many thats for sure, the Phillies commentator told a story last night of how Ernie showed him how to keep stats while calling balls and strikes…
Phillies Outside
RIP Mr. Harwell.
I class act and a legend in baseball. We are are all blessed to have heard you.
Always thought that was one of the best trade ever for a non-playing memeber traded to another organization.
Beats the heck out of the Rays Randy Winn to Seattle for Lou Piniella.
Only got to hear Harwell once, but I always thought he had that twang of greatness you wish you could hear 162 games a year forever.
I have to say it made me jealous my my father and grandfather who used to listen to his Tigers broadcasts every Spring from Lakeland,Florida.
I truly hope someone develops a website that retains clips of some of these baseball legends we have lost the last 20 years.
Amazing the quality of voice they have upstairs now, but I think Harry Kalas and Carey would share a mike with Harwell.
Rays Renegade
I knew it but that is a great story!. He announced for the New York Giants also very briefly. I used to tune-in Ernie Harwell on the radio as a kid. Good Night Mr. Harwell
mike BTB
Peter ,
and now I just heard that Robin Roberts has gone to join Ernie. RIP.
I feel like hearing one of those old games. Maybe I'll get a chance this weekend. Oh wait, the Dodgers are still here this weekend.
I have a friend that collects clips from the great broacasters.
You are a very fortunate kid. Wish I listen back when I was a kid, but I did not speak English back then.
What a true gentleman🙂
It's too bad that I couldn't listen to him growing up as many did. He's so loved by the Tigers' community and it's amazing to me how one person made such a great impact in his life. That's wonderful. What a great life he lived! May he always rest in peace🙂


text:
The Air Brush Thinner is an oil used to dilute foundations and various oil-based artistic makeup textures to make them thinner and ease air brush applications. It can be applied on the body, including the face. The Air Brush Thinner 246 is completely colorless and does not change the color of the makeup products used. The result can be more transparent or opaque, depending on the amount used.
The Airbrush thinner is used to dilute greasy-based products. Only a few drops are necessary. It cannot be used alone. For products that are too thick, add a few drops of Air Brush Thinner 246 into the air brush jar or bottle. (Test consistency to determine how much thinner to add.) To clean the Air Brush, pour enough thinner into the jar or bottle to spray through several times until the air brush is completely clean and no trace of color is left. As a precaution, spray alcohol (minimum 70% pure) through to complete cleaning. The Airbrush Thinner is greatly used to dilute specific products such as foundations, which ease the application of body paint.


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High Priority Free Software Projects
The FSF high-priority projects list serves to foster work on projects that are important for increasing the adoption and use of free software and free software operating systems. Our list helps guide volunteers and supporters to projects where their skills can be utilized, whether they be in coding, graphic design, writing, or activism. The FSF does not ask to run or control these projects; some of them are in fact GNU projects (and all are welcome to apply), but we are happy to encourage them whether they are done under our auspices or not. We hope that you can find a project here where your skill, energy, and time can be put to good use.
Some of the most important projects on our list are replacement projects. These projects are important because they address areas where users feel it necessary to use nonfree software due to the lack of an adequate free replacement.
We also have a separate list of projects that require reverse engineering and a list of completed high priority projects.
Please email any suggestions you have about the list to email@example.com so that they can be incorporated by the review committee.
(This list is in no particular order.)
- Reverse engineering projects
- Gnash, the free software Flash player
- Coreboot, the campaign for a free BIOS
- Free software replacement for Skype
- Free software video editing software
- Free Google Earth Replacement
- Help GNU/Linux distributions be committed to freedom
- GNU Octave, free software Matlab replacement
- Replacement for OpenDWG libraries
- Reversible Debugging in GDB
- Free software drivers for network routers
- Free software replacement for Oracle Forms
- Automatic transcription
- Free Software Replacement for BitTorrent Sync
Gnash, the free software Flash player
Gnash is a GNU program to play Flash movies. Flash is an animation and multimedia file format from Adobe. Gnash is based on GameSWF, and supports most Flash (SWF) version 7 as well as some of versions 8 and 9.
Although Gnash handles many popular sites and media (such as YouTube), much work is needed to be a full replacement for Adobe's Flash player. Visit http://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/ for more details about installing and using Gnash.
Ways to help. The easiest way to start helping the Gnash project is to use the program and to file bug reports. If you want to find out how to become a contributor to the Gnash project, consider joining the Gnash developers mailing list (email@example.com), the Gnash discussion mailing list (firstname.lastname@example.com), or dropping by #gnash channel on irc.freenode.net.
Coreboot, the campaign for a free BIOS
Coreboot is a free software project aimed at replacing the proprietary BIOS (firmware) you can find in most of today's computers.
In many cases the BIOS or boot firmware is the only thing standing in the way of a person running their system using exclusively free software (learn more about the FSF's Campaign for a Free BIOS). Visit http://www.coreboot.org to learn more about the development of Coreboot, supported systems, and how you can get started running a free BIOS.
Ways to help. One of the biggest ways you can help the Coreboot project is to encourage vendors to release their specifications so that the Coreboot software can be made to run on those systems. If you wish to learn more about becoming a Coreboot developer, visit the #coreboot channel on irc.freenode.net, or join the Coreboot mailing list to talk with the current developers. One additional area where there is a need for development and attention is in the development of a free software VGA BIOS on graphics cards. We encourage you to pressure graphics card manufacturers to release their VGA BIOS as free software. If you'd like to begin development on a free software VGA BIOS, a good starting point would be the Geode LX chipset by AMD. Also, some coreboot ports still rely on proprietary microcode -- we need to separate the list into ports that do and don't, and for the ones that do, we need to figure out how to replace the proprietary bits or work without them.
Free software replacement for Skype
Skype is a proprietary Voice-over-IP program that uses a proprietary protocol. Skype is seducing free software users into using proprietary software, often two users at a time. Using proprietary phone software means that we can't be sure who is listening in, because we can't see the code.
The Chinese government, for example, was found to have been spying on Skype conversations already, and they are probably not the only ones. We do not want to encourage the creation of a Skype compatible client, but instead, we want to encourage you to create, contribute to, or promote the use of free software replacements for Skype, such as Ekiga, and to encourage adoption and use of free VoIP, video, and chat protocols such as SIP and XMPP/Jingle.
Not a developer? There's still a lot you can do. Using one of the free software Skype replacements listed above is a great start. You can also help by contributing to the documentation and tutorials for such projects, as well as filing feature and bug requests.
Everyone can track progress and stay up to date with replacements for Skype on the LibrePlanet wiki.
Free software video editing software
Many users feel the need to use proprietary software for video editing because they are unable to achieve the effects they want using the current state of the art in free software video editing and production software.
More and more everyday computer users are becoming amateur videographers, and we need to make sure that their operating systems come complete with free software to meet their needs.
Ways to help. There are a number of quality, free software video editing programs. The most active are Kdenlive, PiTiVi, and Blender. Others include Cinelerra, AVIDemux, LiVES, and Lumiera. Along the way, the easiest way to help is to use these editors and to encourage others to do the same. You can help these projects directly by submitting bug reports, adding features, improving usability, and creating tutorials, guides, and documentation.
Free Google Earth Replacement
Google Earth is a proprietary software program for visualizing and annotating map data. We need a free software version of this client.
Accessing Google's data may not be possible, so any client should work with various other data sources, including free map data projects such as OpenStreetMap.
Ways to help. Develop or improve a 3D rendering engine that reads KML files on par with Google Earth. Contribute to free map data services such as the OpenStreetMap project, and contribute to geographical map programs such as Marble.
Help GNU/Linux distributions be committed to freedom
Projects like Trisquel and gNewSense are dedicated to distributing a complete GNU/Linux operating system that contains only free software. They are two of a list of high-quality distributions that modify Debian and Ubuntu to create a complete free operating system without any binary-only blobs or package trees that contain proprietary software.
Ways to help. See a complete list of free GNU/Linux distributions that could use your help. To learn more about what makes for a free GNU/Linux distribution, see our Guidelines for Free System Distributions. You can also help by working to move other popular distributions that don't currently meet the criteria toward being fully free.
GNU Octave, free software Matlab replacement
GNU Octave is a high-level language, primarily intended for numerical computations. It provides a convenient command-line interface for solving linear and nonlinear problems numerically, and for performing other numerical experiments using a language that is mostly compatible with Matlab.
Visit http://www.gnu.org/software/octave for more information on downloading, installing, using, and getting involved in the GNU Octave project.
Ways to help. We encourage you to create high-level packages in GNU Octave with the goal of creating replacement functions for packages provided by Matlab. You can learn more about getting involved in GNU Octave by joining their mailing list and checking the "help wanted" page.
Replacement for OpenDWG libraries
OpenDWG is a collection of CAD files, a specification for CAD format, and proprietary software tools for creating and manipulating CAD files. We need a similar initiative that is committed to software and user freedom.
Ways to help. The GNU package LibreDWG is a free C library to handle DWG files. It aims to be a free replacement for the OpenDWG libraries. (DWG is the native file format for AutoCAD.)
Reversible Debugging in GDB
Reversible debugging (the ability to "step backwards" through a program) is an obviously powerful tool. Since being added to this list, GDB has implemented some reversible debugging support. The GDB maintainers are now looking for contributors interested in building on this foundation.
Ways to help. See this general information about GDB's current support for reversible debugging, and this list of additional tasks (at the end of the page). If you have further questions please contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
Free software drivers for network routers
Free software projects such as OrangeMesh make it easy for users to turn their network routers into mesh network access points. However, there is no way of running OrangeMesh at this time without the use of proprietary software.
Ways to help. We need your help in developing free software drivers and other low-level software to run network routers. One way to do this is to contact the device manufacturer and ask them to release their specifications and/or code as free software. If you know of routers that do not require the use of proprietary software please let us know by contacting firstname.lastname@example.com. Projects seeking funding in this area should consider applying for a grant from the NLnet Foundation.
To get started, head over to the LibrePlanet wiki area for this project. Please share your plans and work there, so others can help you!
Free software replacement for Oracle Forms
We need a compatible free software replacement for Oracle Forms that works with free SQL databases. This software would allow people currently using the proprietary Oracle DB to more easily migrate to a free software database system, without having to rewrite all of their user-interface applications.
Ways to help. If you are interested in working on this project, please join the mailing list -- replacementforms-discuss.
Automatic transcription
We need software capable of automatically transcribing recordings. YouTube is beginning to offer this service, but this is a kind of computing that we should be doing on our own systems with free software.
Ways to help. If you are interested in working on this project, please introduce yourself and help with building the wiki page detailing the work that needs to be done.
Free Software replacement for Bittorrent Sync
Bittorrent Sync is a peer-to-peer, two-way file synchronization utility with fine-grained access controls. We need a free software version of this client or free software that can be used for the same purpose. To help with this project, start by joining the LibrePlanet wiki group used to coordinate the project.


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Dedication….to Procrastination
Sure, there's stuff going on in the world of baseball. And a dedicated person, i.e. not me, would probably be writing about it. But the fact of the matter is that this is the new SNL digital short and, like the others, it's an instant classic. I think you know what happens next:
Happy Wednesday!
2 Comments
I read about the SNL crew starting these short videos on Youtube and select Internet outpoints a few says ago. Just shows how much the information highway has gonw 16-20 lanes in such a short period of time.
Still seems weird to me that MLBlogs.com has only been around 5 years.
Show you just how fast the web-based environment around us has engulped and entranced us….Much like those great RSBS Podcasts.
Rays Renegade
Laughed when I saw Johnny Mac in there! And the lyrics were great. "The best 30 seconds of my life." HAHAHA.


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Route 103 back openStaff Report | July 09,2013SHREWSBURY- Mud slides closed a portion of Route 103 for about 90 minutes Tuesday night.
Around 6 p.m., state police and firefighters from East Wallingford, Mount Holly and Shrewsbury responded to a portion of Route 103 north of Mac's Market in East Wallingford and south of the village of Cuttingsville when afternoon rains triggered a mudslide that descended down the hills on the east side of the highway.
Exactly what triggered the mudslide was unclear Tuesday night. The Mill River, which runs parallel to Route 103 was swollen and muddy following afternoon showers, but for Art Seward, chief of the East Wallingford Fire Department, the incident was both unheard of and immediately inexplicable.
"I've never seen anything like it," said Seward, who has resided in the area for 49 years. "There's a possibility there was a beaver dam or something up there that just broke loose with all the rain."
On the north side of Route 103, state police detoured motorists trying to travel south onto Route 7B to Route 140 in Wallingford. Travelers heading north out of Mount Holly on Route 103 were detoured to Route 140 and back out onto Route 7.
By 7:30 p.m., a heavy equipment operator for the state Agency of Transportation had removed enough bucket loads of mud the road for it to be reopened to traffic.MORE IN This Just InNEWBURY Police said somebody stole booze and change from a Welch Road residence. Full StoryBRATTLEBORO Six people were displaced by an apartment fire on South Main Street Saturday morning. Full StoryPolice: Chase
men also stole
CHELSEA Police say two men involved in a... Full Story
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Modern Retro Chandeliers
Let a Modern Retro Style Chandelier Make a Statement for You
Those who choose a Modern Retro Style Chandelier have just made a bold fashion statement. Modern retro encompasses the best and most memorable of recent decades and uses the finishes that accompanied that era. The modern retro look is an exciting one.
Normally, a chandelier is chosen for the most impressive areas of a home -- the foyer, the living room or over the dining table. Because the size of these spaces varies, the number of lights per chandelier will vary to provide the proper amount of illumination. The arms of the chandelier can have shades that turn up or down and can be made of various materials or shades of glass. Some are designed with arms that resemble candles.
Modern retro style chandeliers can be fairly inexpensive with a nostalgic look or fine art pieces that can cost a few thousand dollars. There is something for everyone here, and in finishes that will be compatible with whatever décor you have chosen for your home.


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Head West, Young Men! That's Where Baseball Is
The idea is that you'll be at Urasawa in Beverly Hills watching Zack Greinke on your iPhone when Matt Kemp goes yard off Tim Lincecum and you can barely hold the eel in your mouth. Another bottle of wine? Who cares that the bill... more »


text:
NYC Resources
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Items 1- 10 of 11
The Garibaldi-Meucci Museum
This museum, owned and operated by the Order Sons of Italy in America, is the historic home of inventor Antonio Meucci and the Italian political hero Giuseppe Garibaldi.
Historic Richmond Town
Richmond Town, in La Tourette Park, is a living history village and museum that portrays the history and culture of Staten Island.
Jacques Marchais Museum of Tibetan Art
This Staten Island museum exhibits Tibetan art and hosts a number of educational programs on Buddhism, chanting, and meditation.
Silive.com provides news, events, weather, and other information about Staten Island, including sports, entertainment, real estate, and more.
Snug Harbor Cultural Center
Snug Harbor is a cultural center set within an 83-acre National Historic Landmark district in Staten Island. The Center provides educational opportunities and hosts exhibits and performing arts programs throughout the year.
Staten Island Botanical Garden
Take the ferry from Manhattan to the Staten Island Botanical Garden at the Snug Harbor Cultural Center, which maintains dozens of gardens and collections.
Staten Island Children's Museum
Find out about current exhibits and hours of operation for the Staten Island Children's Museum at the Snug Harbor Cultural Center.
The Staten Island Museum
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text:
I have been nursing twins for 14 mos. Recently, the one with both upper and lower teeth is just tearing up my nipple when she nurses. She isn't clamping down or really biting. It's just like her teeth are rasping my nipple in rhythm with her sucking. I am tandem nursing so I don't really want to pull her off and disturb her sister. Once interrupted they sometimes don't want to finish feeding.
Is there some way to get her to nurse without using her teeth? Different position maybe?


text:
Insight Home | Next Article
Issue 2, 2012
Partner HighlightGet a Head Start: Early Software Bring-up for ARM big.LITTLE Processing
Robert Kaye, ARM, and Tom De Schutter, Synopsys, explain how virtual prototyping enables design teams to get the best performance and energy efficiency from ARM's innovative asymmetric multicore architecture.
Every engineer knows the importance of having the right tools for the job. ARM® big.LITTLE™ processing gives designers exactly that. By taking advantage of a high-performance processor for compute-intensive tasks and a highly energy-efficient processor for less demanding jobs, design teams can extend battery life by up to 70% for applications with highly variable workloads, such as smartphones.
However, the processor architecture is only one part of the toolkit. Software teams must also be able to develop, optimize and integrate code to get the best out of the big.LITTLE multicore architecture.
By using Virtualizer™ Development Kits (VDKs), design teams can start developing software up to 12 months before the hardware is available. VDKs allow software developers to simulate complex software stacks, such as Linux, Android and multicore task migration software, using real-world user scenarios, ensuring that they achieve the right balance between energy efficiency and top-end performance.
Delivering High Performance and Extreme Energy-EfficiencyAttempting to design a processor that addresses both very high performance and extreme energy-efficiency can result in an architecture that doesn't quite achieve either. To address that challenge, the big.LITTLE processing concept combines a "big" high-performance processor (ARM® Cortex™-A15 MPCore™ processor) and a "little" energy-efficient processor (ARM Cortex-A7 MPCore processor) in an asymmetric, heterogeneous, multicore system.
The two processors share the same instruction set architecture (ISA), and are coupled by interconnect that supports full cache coherency. A shared controller directs interrupts to the active processor (Figure 1).
The architecture enables software developers to automate task migration between each processor cluster and, when appropriate, allocate a single execution environment across both clusters (multiprocessing).
To get the best out of both the high-performance and low-power capabilities of big.LITTLE processing, developers must carefully architect the task migration software layer and the Linux scheduler along with the processing subsystem.
Figure 1: A programmer's view of big.LITTLE
Developing Software for MulticoreThe key challenge for software teams when creating any new SoC is to develop code before their target hardware exists. Even after the hardware becomes available, it can be difficult for developers to get the visibility they need into what their code is doing for effective and productive debug.
To get the best out of the big.LITTLE architecture, developers must decide how to exploit variances in application workload before they can even get their hands on real silicon. To do that, they need an environment that lets them see into the device so they can clearly observe how allocating tasks between the processors affects both performance and power.
The Virtual Prototype AdvantageVirtual prototypes are fast, fully functional software models of entire systems. They run the same code that the design team will port to the hardware when it becomes available. Because virtual prototypes don't depend on the physical hardware, design teams can make them available to the software team 12 months or more in advance of the silicon being ready, enabling a time-to-market advantage and an opportunity to win market share over competitors.
Software developers enjoy other benefits as a result of using virtual prototypes. Unlike hardware, debugging a virtual prototype is non-intrusive, which means that the debug tools or process itself does not change the behavior of the design. This allows developers to run real-world user scenarios and get repeatable results.
Virtualizer Development KitsVDKs are software development kits (SDKs) with a virtual prototype as a simulation target. A VDK for a specific design contains the virtual prototype for that design, the right set of multicore debug and analysis tools, and sample software.
The Synopsys VDK Family for ARM Cortex processors includes a VDK for ARM big.LITTLE processing (Figure 2). This VDK includes a complete virtual prototype representing a big.LITTLE processing Versatile Express board. This virtual prototype is built with Fast Models from ARM and DesignWare® models from Synopsys. These models enable design teams to rapidly create virtual prototypes for most common mobile and consumer application platforms.
Figure 2: VDK for ARM big.LITTLE processing
The VDK also includes multicore debugging and analysis tools, which provide full control and visibility, and synchronize debug across all processors and other components in the platform. Design teams can get up and running quickly with the VDK by modifying the sample software stacks for Linux, Android and task migration that are available "out of the box". The VDK is easy to configure and extend – design teams can add their own peripherals and change the configuration of the big.LITTLE architecture.
VDKs enable design teams to easily manage the complexities of developing software for multicore architectures and to bring up and optimize the multicore task migration software layer.
Early Model AvailabilityDesign teams can only deploy virtual prototyping environments if they have access to software models of the processors and the other components that the system comprises. Because ARM develops its processor models as part of its processor development, the Fast Models are available at the same time the processor launches. ARM uses an identical validation suite for both Fast Models and RTL, which ensures the fidelity of the models to the hardware.
Synopsys provides a comprehensive range of DesignWare interface IP models, including USB 3.0 and GMAC, to complement the application subsystem design.
As the VDK must execute as near to real-time as possible to enable productive software development, the models focus on software throughput without compromising functional accuracy. The result is that a design team can bring-up an OS in seconds on a virtual prototype.
Migrating TasksThe VDK for ARM big.LITTLE processing includes task migration software analysis tools to help design teams utilize big.LITTLE's performance and energy efficiency capabilities.
For example, if a user is looking up a location on Google Maps, the software will allocate the task to the Cortex-A15 processor in order to process the request as quickly as possible. If the user then receives a phone call, the high-performance needs for the browser session go away, and the phone call's performance needs are much lower. This new task will switch to run on the Cortex-A7 processor to achieve higher energy-efficiency.
To maximize the benefits of big.LITTLE processing, it is important to tune the switching strategy towards the specific use cases of the device in which it is deployed and the profile of the individual user.
Typically, the Linux Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) function controls task migration by treating the Cortex-A15 and Cortex-A7 processors as two different power states. Linux provides multiple governors that can control the transition between these states. The governors include high performance, power saving, on-demand performance and user-space.
Having the kernel decide about the switching, however, has both advantages and disadvantages. An advantage is that it will work "out of the box" for any application. Depending on pre-defined CPU load threshold and workload sampling rate, Linux will initiate the switch between the two clusters. The disadvantage is that switches may happen even though the user does not benefit from them. This is where software developers can add user-space governors to fine tune the task migration.
The best strategy to trigger switching between the clusters is typically a mix of kernel and governors in the Android power manager. For example, if the phone is idle, the screen is locked and an RSS feed is updated, the power manager will make sure the processing is performed on the Cortex-A7 since the user is not waiting for the result. In the case of video playback, the power manager will ensure that the task doesn't switch to the Cortex-A7 to avoid potential glitches in the audio or video.
The VDK's hardware-software debug tool "Active CPU status" window shows at any given moment whether the software tasks are running on the Cortex-A15 or the Cortex-A7 processor (Figure 3).
Figure 3: Multi-cluster, multi-CPU system debug
The VDK's multicore trace analysis tool gives an in-depth view into the software execution on the Cortex-A15 and Cortex-A7 processors, enabling developers to debug integration defects.
In addition, the VDK works with third-party debuggers, such as the software debuggers from ARM and Lauterbach, to allow developers to view source code and zoom into bugs. The VDK supports the latest ARM Development Studio 5 (DS-5™) Debugger, a software development tool suite which simplifies the development of Linux and Android native applications for ARM processor-based systems.
This use case illustrates how combining software models, a debugger and the task migration software stack, the VDK enables software developers to make an early start on analyzing and optimizing tasks, and fine-tuning them between the big and little processor clusters to get the best possible performance and energy efficiency from the subsystem.
Replaying ScenariosOne of the challenges that design teams encounter when using real hardware for debug is that it can be difficult to reproduce bugs that arise from complex scenarios. Subtle changes in hardware timing can cause a situation that occurred on one run to be eliminated during a subsequent test.
The VDK gives users the ability to replay scenarios to exactly reproduce different modes of operation or to explore the effects on power and performance of various architectural options.
The replay capability also helps developers explore how different modes of operation interact — for example, when the user is playing a game and receives a phone call. These kinds of user scenarios are difficult to investigate without having a deterministic and repeatable environment, a significant benefit of virtual prototypes.
Because everything is scriptable in the VDK, it's easy to record and replay sequences of events, which allows developers to debug events to the same point, and create scenarios for regression testing.
"As companies are adopting our big.LITTLE processing to enable both next generation performance and energy-efficiency for smart, connected devices, ARM and its partners have paved the way by encouraging a strong ecosystem. By offering the VDK Family for ARM Cortex processors, supporting the Cortex-A15 processor and big.LITTLE processing, Synopsys is able to offer this partner ecosystem a highly effective solution for early software development and help facilitate innovation."Jim Nicholas, vice president of marketing, processor division, ARM.
SummaryARM big.LITTLE processing offers design teams unique capabilities to balance performance and energy-efficiency for demanding applications with highly variable computational loads.
The combination of ARM's processors and Synopsys' VDKs gives software developers the right control, visibility and speed to bring up and debug software quickly and begin developing software up to 12 months before hardware availability.
About the AuthorRobert Kaye is a technical specialist at ARM focusing on system modeling. Robert has been with ARM for five years and before joining the Fast Models team was responsible for a broad portfolio of IP products in the Fabric IP team. Robert has over 30 years of experience in the semiconductor industry. Before joining ARM he worked at Mentor Graphics on the development of hardware-software co-verification solutions and at Texas Instruments in EDA development and ASIC applications engineering.
Tom De Schutter is senior product marketing manager for System-Level Solutions at Synopsys. He joined Synopsys through the acquisition of CoWare where he was the product marketing manager for transaction-level models. Tom has over 10 years of experience in system-level design. Before joining the marketing team, he led the transaction-level modeling team at CoWare.
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Wordsmith Talk
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#200918 - 07/02/11 09:16 AM getting closer [Re: Candy]
Carpal Tunnel
Registered: 08/06/01
Posts: 6943
Loc: Worcester, MA
The farmer was looking into the sky
As he fed beans to his pigs in the sty
And when all the gases
Escaped from there asses
He thought, if I light-up now, those pigs will fly
And Candy, I like your last line change but now there are too many breaks in the rhythm.
Can we bring it back into line:
A farmer looked into the sky
And fed beans to his pigs in the sty.
He said, as the gases
Escaped from their asses,
"If I light up now, pigs will fly!"
#200922 - 07/02/11 03:40 PM Re: It isn't easy writing doggerel ! [Re: wofahulicodoc]
old hand
Registered: 05/10/10
Posts: 954
Loc: Alaska
Originally Posted By: wofahulicodoc
To keep the original post short I didn't list all possibe exceptions.
Sorry, I suppose I do tend to be a little windy. Speaking of gasses.
#200929 - 07/02/11 11:09 PM Re: Resident Troublemaker checking in [Re: Tromboniator]
old hand
Registered: 06/23/00
Posts: 724
Originally Posted By: TromboniatorOriginally Posted By: AvyThis wofa is too exacting.
No, he's not. If the rhythm is wrong it ain't a limerick.
Yeah correct. I am just faux grumbling. I enjoyed the work ooutOriginally Posted By: TromboniatorOriginally Posted By: AvyI am thinking of resigning from this job.
Don't you dare!
it is tough to resign from obsession.
#200935 - 07/03/11 05:40 AM Re: getting closer [Re: wofahulicodoc]
Registered: 09/21/10
Posts: 1706
Loc: down under
Originally Posted By: wofahulicodoc
And Candy, I like your last line change but now there are too many breaks in the rhythm.
I knew you would fix it Wofa
now come back to our other game......
#200951 - 07/03/11 01:51 PM Re: getting closer [Re: Candy]
Carpal Tunnel
Registered: 08/06/01
Posts: 6943
Loc: Worcester, MA
Did you know that Gilbert & Sullivan wrote limericks? They didn't call them that, of course, but limericks they are, all the same.
Here's a song from Ruddigore, Act I ("If you wish in this world to advance"), and here are the complete lyrics if you want to mouse over them. (Notice the liberties Gilbert takes with the rhyme scheme. Never with the rhythm, though. Besides, the music wouldn't permit it.)
My boy, you may take it from me,
That of all the afflictions accurst
With which a man's saddled
And hampered and addled,
A diffident nature's the worst.
Though clever as clever can be--
A Crichton of early romance--
You must stir it and stump it,
And blow your own trumpet,
Or, trust me, you haven't a chance!
Chorus: If you wish in the world to advance,
Your merits you're bound to enhance,
You must stir it and stump it,
And blow your own trumpet,
Or, trust me, you haven't a chance!
Now take, for example, my case:
I've a bright intellectual brain--
In all London city
There's no one so witty--
I've thought so again and again.
I've a highly intelligent face--
My features cannot be denied--
But, whatever I try, sir,
I fail in--and why, sir?
I'm modesty personified!
If you wish in the world to advance, etc.
As a poet, I'm tender and quaint--
I've passion and fervour and grace--
From Ovid and Horace
To Swinburne and Morris,
They all of them take a back place.
Then I sing and I play and I paint:
Though none are accomplished as I,
To say so were treason:
You ask me the reason?
I'm diffident, modest, and shy!
If you wish in the world to advance, etc.
(Exit Robin.)
#200956 - 07/03/11 08:54 PM Re: getting closer [Re: wofahulicodoc]
Carpal Tunnel
Registered: 06/23/08
Posts: 8541
Loc: Land of the Flat Water
Interesting, thanks much._________________________
----please, draw me a sheep----
#200957 - 07/04/11 07:38 AM Re: getting closer [Re: LukeJavan8]
Registered: 09/21/10
Posts: 1706
Loc: down under
Thanks Wofa, I enjoyed that and I marvel at the performance in the video. Not an easy musical to perform, I bet.
#200960 - 07/04/11 11:07 AM I once was as meek as a newborn lamb [Re: Candy]
Carpal Tunnel
Registered: 08/06/01
Posts: 6943
Loc: Worcester, MA
It doesn't have to be staged as cimematically as that; an amateur group can present it quite adequately. The music is sweeping, and some of the patter parodies itself. ("This particularly rapid unintelligible patter isn't generally heard, and if it is, it doesn't matter...") And Mad Margaret's character can stop the show!
(Basingstoke, my dear.)
#201021 - 07/07/11 01:44 AM Trouble is brewing [Re: Avy]
old hand
Registered: 05/10/10
Posts: 954
Loc: Alaska
My efforts to write are a dud.
The rhythm has me sweating blood.
I can come up with rhymes
That work two or three times,
But the meter's like swilling warm Bud.
#201078 - 07/08/11 10:01 PM Sparteye's Game redux [Re: Tromboniator]
Carpal Tunnel
Registered: 08/06/01
Posts: 6943
Loc: Worcester, MA
I read all these lim'riks we've written
And confess that I'm thoroughly smitten.
But the game that was Sparteye's
Had more, and me hearties,
Those FIRST and LAST words we're omittin' !
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Henderson is a disgrace, cheap shot. Then mouth off when Crashley and Stokes are separating him from a good kicking.
Noble saying 'he only went for the ball' has persuaded me that Premier Sports isnt worth renewing.
Theres a reason Kevin is the forgotten brother.
Think you're wrong about Premier Sport coverage Matt. The team may be controversial in what they say at times but for me its streets ahead of listening to that set of idiots on Sky. Throughout the commentary I heard them say some very complimentary things about Featherstone, and at half time were saying much the same as DP about what we needed to do.
Edited by Vince, 14 September 2012 - 04:10 PM.


text:
British Treatises
From NAPwiki
Revision as of 19:33, 16 November 2010 by Lindsey.Thomas (Talk | contribs)
Matthew Baker, Fragments of Ancient English Shipwrightry (c. 1570)
Scott Manuscript (c.1600), Phineas Pett?
Newton's Manuscript (c.1600), Anonymous
Harriot, Harriot's Manuscript
Treatise on Shipbuilding & A Treatise on Rigging (c. 1620-25), John Wells?
Edmund Bushnell, The Complete Shipwright (1669)
Deane, Naval Doctrine
Mungo Murray, Treatise on Shipbuilding
The shipbuilder's Repository (1788), Anonymous
Sutherland, Ship-builders Assistant (1711 and 1784)
Hutchinson, Treatise on Practical Seamanship (1777, 1781, and 1787)
Thomas Gordon, Principals of naval Architecture (1784)
Stalkartt, Naval Architecture (1781)


text:
The default value for listen.backlog isn't exactly "unlimited".
It's 128 on some operating systems, and -1 (which doesn't mean "unlimited" as well, but is an alias to a hard limit) on other systems.
Check for a sysctl value like kern.somaxconn (OpenBSD) or net.core.somaxconn (Linux).
Crank it up if you need more PHP workers than the default value. Then adjust listen.backlog in your php-fpm configuration file to the same value.


text:
William H. SmithFebruary 07,2013
William H. Smith
William H. Smith
MONKTON William Henry Smith, 85, died Saturday, Feb. 2, 2013, at Kim and Gary Smiths home in Bristol.
He was born Sept. 21, 1927, in Monkton, the son of Eli and Betsy White Smith.
He served in the U.S. Army in Germany during World War II.
He enjoyed hunting, fishing, woodworking and gardening.
Survivors include his wife of 63 years, Evelyn Smith, of Monkton; four children, Linda Shepard, of Ravenswood, W.Va., Michael and Gary, both of Bristol, and Craig, of Mineville, N.Y.; four grandchildren and a great-granddaughter; and several nieces and nephews.
The funeral service will be held at 11 a.m. Thursday, Feb. 7, at the Brown-McClay Funeral Home in Bristol.
Burial will be at a later date in Greenwood Cemetery in Bristol.
In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may be made to Addison County Home Health and Hospice, P.O. Box 754, Middlebury, VT 05753; or the Alzheimers Foundation of America, 322 Eighth Ave. 7th Floor, New York, NY 10001.MORE IN ObituariesPaul N. Sourdiff
BURLINGTON Paul Nelson Sourdiff, 92, passed away on Dec. Full StoryBrian Vachon
Brian Vachon, 75, of Middlesex, died after a short illness on December 9 at... Full StoryDylan Baker
Dylan Baker, 18, passed away peacefully in the early morning of December 7... Full Story
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text:
Messier Certificate
About the Catalogue
The Messier Catalogue was developed in the 1700s by Charles Messier (1730-1817). Messier was a comet hunter working with speculum metal reflectors and small refractors that were the equivalent of a modern 80 - 100 mm reflector. As a result of the limited tools that he had to work with, he could not see the true nature of many of his "faint fuzzies" that are revealed in today's modern instruments. The certificate has been awarded since 1981. Handy recording and application forms can be found from a link at the bottom of this page.
Here is an overview of the Messier Catalogue:
|Messier Objects
|Open Clusters
|Includes many beautiful open clusters like M6, M7, The Beehive, The Pleiades, and The Wild Duck.
|Globular Clusters
|Includes the showpieces M13, M22, M5, and M3.
|Bright Nebulae
|Includes the great Orion Nebula as well as the Lagoon, Swan, Eagle, and Trifid Nebulae.
|Planetary Nebulae
|Includes the impressive Ring Nebula as well as the Dumbbell and Owl planetary nebulae.
|Includes the amazing Andromeda Galaxy as well as M51, M33, M81/M82, and many others.
|Double Stars
|This is M40, an unusual Messier object.
If Messier were alive today, he would no doubt be astonished at the size, distance, and complexity of the various objects that he catalogued. As a comet hunter, they were often nuisances, since they "got in the way" of his search for new comets.
The RASC's Messier Certificate
A Messier Certificate is awarded to RASC members who visually observe all 110 objects on the Messier list as published annually in the Observer's Handbook. Note that there are several published versions of the Messier list, so it is important to follow this official reference. The Messier list can be started during any season. You must be a member in good standing of the RASC to be awarded this certificate.
Exploring the Messier Catalogue is an excellent observing project, as it contains many showpiece objects. Moreover it allows you to see the Universe from an 18th-century perspective and to learn more about the night sky.
Observing Forms
The RASC Observing Committee has created special observing forms to help you complete the Messier certificate program. These observing forms (653 KB, 110 pg) will help to keep your observations in one organized file. The forms feature all of the important data about each Messier object and a generous area for making notes and drawings.
Contact the Observing Committee chair email@example.com
Here are some recommended resources to help you tackle the Messier Certificate program:
- The Messier Objects - by Stephen James O'Meara is a definitive guide to the Messier catalogue.
- Roger Fell's Telescopic Companion
|RASC Messier Form
|Terry Adrian's Chart/Log System
|Traditional form -- no computer aid (PDF)
|Application Form 2016 for computer-aided object finding (PDF)


text:
compete pro data
What Can We Uncover in the Edward Snowden Story When Looking at Search Referral Data?
If you have been following current events at all in the past two months, chances are that the name Edward Snowden has come up at least a dozen times. Solidifying himself as one of the most significant whistle blowers in recent history, his name has become synonymous with privacy and Internet freedom, and has helped to bring the debate of the two under the global spotlight.


text:
The following article was published in Computing Now on 11/27/12 and written by Sixto Ortiz Jr.
Facial recognition is becoming increasingly popular.
Applications such as Facebook and Google+ are using the technology to augment their social-interaction offerings by, for example, automatically adding names of people to photos posted on the sites.
The Departments of Motor Vehicles in 32 of the 50 US states are also utilizing facial recognition in conjunction with driver's license photos. This lets the DMVs determine if someone has illegally acquired licenses under more than one name.
Law-enforcement and national-security agencies such as the US FBI are using the technology to, for example, compare a still picture taken at a crime scene against a database of known felons.
However, the growing use of the approach is causing concern for privacy advocates, who contend that companies and individuals could use facial recognition for activities such as unwanted marketing and identity theft.
In addition, false positives by facial-recognition systems could create problems such as public-safety officials detaining an innocent person at an airport.
And many people may not even know they are in a face-recognition database and are at risk, said Jennifer Lynch, staff attorney with the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), a digital-rights advocacy organization.