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BGS 2011 News Archive
BBA students recognized 11 of their favorite instructors by naming them to the Spring 2011 Faculty Honor Roll.
To make the honor roll, professors must garner exceptionally high marks
on student-completed surveys. The Honor Roll members were celebrated at
a ceremony Oct. 3, hosted by the Undergraduate Business Council and the
Undergraduate Programs Office.
On October 7, Professor Robert Prentice gave the inaugural talk in the new Business Law & Ethics speaker series at the Georgia Tech College of Management in Atlanta. Professor Prentice spoke about the new field of behavioral ethics research to an audience of faculty and students.
In a time when businesses are more eager than ever to stimulate job creation and compete once again on a global scale, there is an increasing sentiment to give employers more freedom to grow on their own terms. Veronica Stidvent, former assistant secretary for policy at the U.S. Department of Labor during the George W. Bush administration, says the call to review federal regulations is business as usual for a new president.
Veronica Stidvent, a lecturer in McCombs new Department of Business, Government and Society and program director of the Hispanic Leadership Initiative, was chosen one of four 2011 Outstanding Young Texas Exes award winners.
The SEC and Department of Justice have made punishing insider trading a particular area of enforcement emphasis. The headlines are filled with cases involving prominent business figures such as Mark Cuban and Raj Rajaratnam. Professor Robert Prentice recently published an article entitled "Permanently Reviving the Temporary Insider" in the Journal of Corporation Law. Prentice argues for a broad interpretation of insider trading so as to allow corporations to better protect their proprietary information. If arguments recently made by defendants are recognized in the courts, companies in financial trouble will be hesitant to approach commercial banks, underwriters, or consultants for help because all these entities could take the nonpublic information about the companies' financial difficulties and use it to short the companies' stocks, driving their prices down while pocketing substantial profits.
Professor David Spence,the UT McCombs expert on energy policy, provides his insights on the future of shale gas in a recent energy brief. Professor Sheridan Titman follows up on his findings with a few questions. more...
Veronica "Ronnye" Stidvent has joined us from the LBJ School of Public Affairs. Before returning to the university, where she earned her undergraduate degree, Stidvent served in the White House as special assistant to the president for policy and as assistant secretary for policy at the U.S. Department of Labor. more...
Robert Prentice contributed a chapter to a brand new book entitled "Contract Law and Economics." The book will be a resource on contract law and economics for judges, policy makers, law teachers, and law scholars. The book is edited by Gerrit De Geest of Washington University, St. Louis. Professor Prentice's chapter addressed the most basic issue in contract law—why does the law enforce some promises but not others?
At the junction of economics and experimental psychology, behavioral economics studies how real people make economic decisions. Outside mathematical models, two faculty researchers at the McCombs School of Business say the human mind is fertile soil for the weeds of greed. We have high ethical intentions, but an array of unconscious biases tilts us towards irrational self-interest. "The more there is at stake, the more pressure there is on your mind to fool you," says Professor Robert Prentice. "The human ability to rationalize is astonishing. We can do anything and still keep our positive images of ourselves." more...
There's no place like a home. For most of a decade, that belief fueled a boom in home mortgages and mortgage-backed securities. It looked like a win-win-win-win proposition for borrowers, mortgage brokers, bankers, and investors alike. It offered the ultimate proof that private greed produces public good. Until it didn't. David Spence, associate professor of law, politics, and regulation at McCombs, explains how the market's invisible hand got caught in the machinery. more...
McCombs School of Business Dean Tom Gilligan hosted a lively discussion on the current economic crisis threatening America's financial stability as well as the global economy. Just as Congress moved to pass a $700 billion taxpayer-funded rescue bill, finance faculty Laura Starks, Stephen Magee, Sheridan Titman, Jay Hartzell, Michael Brandl and Keith Brown joined Gilligan to examine the wider implications of the credit crisis and the government bailout plan before taking questions from the audience of more than 400 from The University of Texas at Austin. more...
Natural gas burns more cleanly than either coal or oil, is available domestically, and is seen by many as a "bridge fuel" between our traditional dependence on coal and oil and a cleaner energy future. So it's no surprise that one of the biggest energy stories of the past 15 years has been the new accessibility of vast quantities of natural gas trapped in shale formations across the United States (and elsewhere). more...
The patent system, by disclosing the details of new inventions and improvements, reveals to the public what would otherwise be kept secret and brings to light things that could stand improving and their proposed solutions. But granting patents "comes at a cost to society," says Professor John Allison, who has devoted much of his career to the empirical study of patents. more...
The SEC is targeting insider trading more aggressively than ever (and is in the middle of prosecuting the biggest insider trading case in history, that of Galleon Group founder Raj Rajaratnam and 20 other individuals), yet some economists have recently offered new arguments in favor of the practice. Professors Robert Prentice and Dain Donelson weigh in.
The New York Times recently called upon Professor Frank Cross' expertise regarding the recent shift to a more conservative U.S. Supreme Court. Read more. Cross was also mentioned in an article in The New Republic that explored the meaning of " living constitutionalism." more...
The energy bill unveiled in the Senate earlier this month has begun to attract big attention from energy reform and industry interests, especially in the light of the recent Gulf Coast deep-water oil spill. Professor David Spence theorizes that there are good reasons to suspect that Congress will have a particularly difficult time passing the kind of transformative legislation that advocates of fundamental energy reform favor. more...
For the third year in a row, Dean Bredeson was among those honored by the Undergraduate Business Council and the Undergraduate Program Office for his outstanding achievements in the classroom. more...
Page last updated: 6/3/2015
By phone: (512) 471-5921
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Austin, TX 78705
©2016 McCombs School of Business, The University of Texas at Austin | Technology Resources | Contact Us


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« Back
Google employee Ujjwal Singh, demonstrates the speak2tweet program at Google headquarters in Mountain View, Calif., Feb. 3, 2011.
AP Photo
"The Reality of Virtual Power"
Op-Ed, The Korea Times
February 7, 2011
Author: Joseph S. Nye, Harvard University Distinguished Service Professor
Belfer Center Programs or Projects: International Security
As Arab regimes struggle with demonstrations fueled by Twitter and Al Jazeera, and American diplomats try to understand the impact of WikiLeaks, it is clear that this global information age will require a more sophisticated understanding of how power works in world politics.
That is the argument of my new book, "The Future of Power." Two types of power shifts are occurring in this century power transition and power diffusion. The transition of power from one dominant state to another is a familiar historical pattern, but power diffusion is a more novel process. The problem for all states today is that more is happening outside the control of even the most powerful of them.
As for power transition, much attention nowadays is lavished on a supposed American decline, often with facile historical analogies to Britain and Rome. But Rome remained dominant for more than three centuries after the apogee of its power, and, even then, it did not succumb to the rise of another state, but suffered a death by a thousand cuts inflicted by various barbarian tribes.
Indeed, for all the fashionable predictions that China, India, or Brazil will surpass the United States in the coming decades, the greatest threats may come from modern barbarians and non-state actors. In an information-based world of cyber-insecurity, power diffusion may be a greater threat than power transition.
What will it mean to wield power in the global information age of the 21st century? Which resources will produce power?
Every age produces its own answers. In the 16th century, control of colonies and gold bullion gave Spain the edge; 17th-century Holland profited from trade and finance; 18th-century France gained from its larger population and armies; and 19-century British power rested on industrial and naval primacy.
Conventional wisdom has always held that the state with the largest military prevails. In an information age, however, it may be the state (or non-state) with the best story that wins. Today, it is far from clear how to measure a balance of power, much less how to develop successful survival strategies for this new world.
Most current projections of a shift in the global balance of power are based primarily on one factor: projections of countries' GDP growth. They thus ignore the other dimensions of power, including both hard military power and the soft power of narrative, not to mention the policy difficulties of combining them into successful strategies.
States will remain the dominant actor on the world stage, but they will find the stage far more crowded and difficult to control. A much larger part of their populations than ever before has access to the power that comes from information.
Governments have always worried about the flow and control of information, and the current period is not the first to be strongly affected by dramatic changes in information technology. What is new and what we see manifested in the Middle East today is the speed of communication and the technological empowerment of a wider range of actors.
The current information age, sometimes called the "Third Industrial Revolution," is based on rapid technological advances in computers, communications, and software, which in turn have led to a dramatic fall in the cost of creating, processing, transmitting, and searching for information of all kinds. And this means that world politics can no longer be the sole province of governments.
As the cost of computing and communication comes down, the barriers to entry decline. Individuals and private organizations, ranging from corporations to NGOs to terrorists, have thus been empowered to play a direct role in world politics.
The spread of information means that power will be more widely distributed, and informal networks will undercut the monopoly of traditional bureaucracy. The speed of Internet time means that all governments will have less control over their agendas. Political leaders will enjoy fewer degrees of freedom before they must respond to events, and then will have to compete with an increasing number and variety of actors in order to be heard.
We see this as American policymakers struggle to cope with today's Middle East disturbances. The fall of the Tunisian regime had deep domestic roots, but the timing caught outsiders, including the U.S. government, by surprise. Some observers attribute the acceleration of the revolution to Twitter and WikiLeaks.
As the Obama administration formulates policy toward Egypt and Yemen, it faces a dilemma. In Yemen, Ali Abdullah Saleh's regime has provided important assistance in dealing with the threat from al-Qaida-affiliated terrorism. In Egypt, Hosni Mubarak's rule helped to moderate the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and balanced Iranian power in the region. Simplistic endorsement of democracy by George W. Bush's administration was costly both in Iraq and in Gaza, where elections gave rise to a hostile Hamas-led government.
In an information age, smart policy combines hard and soft power. Given what the U.S. is, the Obama administration cannot afford to neglect the soft-power narrative of democracy, liberty, and openness.
Thus, Obama and U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton have issued public as well as private appeals for reform and change in Egypt and the wider Arab world, while also urging limits to violence by all parties. Moreover, they have aligned themselves with freedom of information in the face of efforts by the Egyptian regime to block Internet access.
How events in the Middle East will play out is anyone's guess, but in today's information age, upholding the freedom to access it will be an important component of smart power.
Joseph S. Nye, a former U.S. assistant secretary of defense, is a professor at Harvard and the author of "The Future of Power."
For more information about this publication please contact the Belfer Center Communications Office at 617-495-9858.
Full text of this publication is available at:
For Academic Citation:

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Board eyes ending MLK Day offMay 11,2013ST. JOHNSBURY The St. Johnsbury School Board is considering making students in the Vermont town attend school on the Martin Luther King Day holiday in January.
School Director Tony Greenwood said the school doesnt get days off for presidents such as Abraham Lincoln.
Greenwood said he has no beef with Martin Luther King. The district needs to ensure snow days can be made up and the school doesnt need another day off.
School Director Richard Boisseau said he supports school attendance on King Day, saying the day should be used to raise childrens awareness of King and his efforts to bring about racial equality.
The Caledonian-Record reported the issue came up at a board meeting where next years school calendar was unveiled. It gives students the King holiday off.MORE IN This Just InMONTPELIER A new report from a commission that studied the cost, availability and quality of... Full StoryVermont fish hatchery changes focus, looks inland
BETHEL, Vt. Full StoryHONOLULU (AP) A group of Hawaii musicians and a Hawaiian Airlines flight attendant provided... Full Story
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One night, when he and his friend "Big Richard" had been drunk and high, they decided that Big Richard should give Scott a tattoo on his left thigh.
"It was supposed to be like a three-dimensional cross," Scott said. "But we didn't go to church or anything. I don't know why, we just got a cross, and it's supposed to be my initials, but there are some drunk arrows."
Throughout grade school, he was teased, often asked why he "got a Chinese star on his leg. It is the ugliest tattoo you will ever see," Scott said.
But now, the tattoo holds a purpose.
"It's a reminder for me about just that time of my life," Scott said. "My kids look at it like they don't understand. That tattoo reminds of just how lost I was."


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HFM members have elected Bruce Thomas, associate vice-president of guest services for Geisinger Health System (GHS) in Danville, PA, as president-elect. Currently HFM's treasurer, he will serve as the group's president in the 2008-2009 term, following the 2007-08 term of Mary Angela Miller, administrative director for Ohio State University Hospital. Elizabeth Yesford, director of food, nutrition and DME services at Providence Hospital and Carroll Manor Nursing Rehabilitation Center in ...
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Blanc Slim Cargo with Sash
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In this article, we will create a mobile application that will run on any Android device. You will need to install the Android SDK; Android V1.5 SDK was used here. The application code will be written in the Scala programming language. If you have never seen Scala before, that is OK because the Scala code will be explained. However, it is recommended that you are at least familiar with the Java language if you are not familiar with Scala. Scala V2.7.5 was used to develop the code in this article. For Android and Scala, there are excellent Eclipse plug-ins available. Eclipse V3.4.2 was used, along with Android Development Tools (ADT) V0.9.1 and V2.7.5 of the Scala IDE plug-in. See Resources for all of these tools.
Writing an Android application may sound like a tricky proposition. Android applications run inside their own virtual machine: the Dalvik virtual machine. However, the build path for an Android application opens things up for us. The basic strategy we will use is illustrated below.
Figure 1. Build path for Scala on Android
The idea is that we will first compile all of the Scala code to Java class files. This is what the Scala compiler does, so there is nothing too tricky about this. Next, we take the Java class files and use the Android dex compiler to compile the class files to the format used by the Dalvik VM on an Android device. This is known as dexing and is the normal compile path for an Android application. Usually, you go from .java files to .class files to a single .dex file. The only thing different in our case is that we start with .scala files. Finally, the .dex file and other application resources are zipped up as an APK file that can be installed on an Android device.
So how do we make all of this happen? We will use Eclipse to do most of the heavy lifting for us. However, there is one tricky step: For our code to run, it also needs code from the standard Scala library. In a typical Scala installation, this is a single JAR found in /lib/scala-library.jar. This JAR, however, includes certain code not supported on Android. Some code needs to be tweaked slightly, and some code must be removed. A custom build of scala-library.jar works best, at least for now. See Resources for the custom build used here. We will refer to this JAR as the Android library JAR.
Once we have that JAR, the rest is pretty easy. Just create an Android project using the ADT plug-in for Eclipse. Then add a Scala nature to the project. Replace the standard Scala library with the Android library talked about above. Finally, add the output directory to your classpath. Now you are ready to go. This is described in more detail in a note from the main Scala site (see Resources). Now that we have the basic setup, let's take a look at the Android application we will create using Scala.
Now that we know how to take Scala code and turn it into the binary format that
will run on an Android device, it's time to create a mobile
application using Scala. The application we will create will be a
simple unit-converter application. This will let users easily convert
from English to metric units and vice-versa. This is a pretty simple
application, but we will see how even the simplest applications can
benefit from using Scala. Let's start out by looking at the layout
elements of
Creating the layout
You might be excited to write Scala that runs on your phone, but not all mobile development coding should be done in Scala, or the Java language, for that matter. The Android SDK provides a nice way to separate the user-interface code from application logic using an XML-based layout system. Let's look at the main layout file for our application, shown in Listing 1.
Listing 1. Main layout for the Converter application
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:gravity="center_horizontal" android:padding="10px" > <TextView android:id="@+id/prompt_label" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/prompt_metric"/> <EditText android:id="@+id/amount" android:layout_below="@id/prompt_label" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/uom_label" android:layout_below="@id/amount" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/uom"/> <Spinner android:id="@+id/uom_value" android:layout_below="@id/uom_label" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> <Button android:id="@+id/convert_button" android:layout_below="@id/uom_value" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/convert_button_label"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/result_value" android:layout_below="@id/convert_button" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"/> </RelativeLayout>
The above code very succinctly creates the main UI for
the application. Its root node is a
RelativeLayout container element. There are
many layout options available in the Android SDK. A
RelativeLayout simply instructs the runtime to
lay out various UI widgets using relative positioning. To use relative
positioning, we add a visible element — in this case, a
TextView element. This is a simple element for
displaying text. It is assigned an ID of
prompt_label. This is used by the next element,
EditText element (a text input box). This
element has a
layout_below attribute for which
the value is equal to the
prompt_label ID. In other
EditText should be placed below the
element called
The rest of the layout code is very straightforward. All together, there is a text input box with a label, a spinner (a combo box or a drop-down) with a label, a button, and a another text area for output. Figure 2 shows a picture of the running application, with elements identified.
Figure 2. An Android lLayout — dissected
So where do the various text values seen in the above view come from?
Notice that several of the elements in Listing 1 have a text attribute.
For example, the
prompt_label element has a
text attribute equal to
That indicates it is using one of the standard resource files in an
Android application: the strings.xml file, shown in Listing 2.
Listing 2. The strings.xml resource
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <string name="prompt_metric">Enter amount (KM, g, L, C)</string> <string name="prompt_english">Enter amount (miles, lbs, gallons, F)</string> <string name="uom">Units of Measure</string> <string name="convert_button_label">Convert</string> <string name="app_name">Converter</string> <string name="english_units">English</string> <string name="metric_units">Metric</string> </resources>
Now you can see where all of the text in Figure 2 is coming from. The spinner has a drop-down of possible units of measure to use, and those units are not listed in Listing 2. Instead, they come from another file, arrays.xml, shown in Listing 3.
Listing 3. The arrays.xml resource
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <array name="english_units"> <item>Fahrenheit</item> <item>Pounds</item> <item>Ounces</item> <item>Fluid Ounces</item> <item>Gallons</item> <item>Miles</item> <item>Inches</item> </array> <array name="metric_units"> <item>Celsius</item> <item>Kilograms</item> <item>Grams</item> <item>Millileters</item> <item>Liters</item> <item>Kilometers</item> <item>Centimeters</item> </array> </resources>
Now we can see the values that will be used for the spinner. How do these actually wind up in the spinner, and how can the application toggle between English and metric units? To answer those questions, we have to take a look at the application code itself.
The Scala application code
The application code for the Converter application is pretty simple — in any language. It could, of course, be done relatively easily in the Java language, but it is certainly no more complex to do it in Scala. In fact, as we will see, many things are made much simpler by using Scala. Let's start by looking at the code behind the UI we have been examining.
The code behind the view
The easiest way to explain the Scala code that helps create the UI is to
take a look at it and go through it. For any application,
you define the default activity of your application in the application's
AndroidManifest.xml file. Any UI is backed up by an
Activity class, and the default
Activity defines the
Activity class executed when the
application is initially loaded. For an application as simple as this one,
this is the only activity needed. For this
application, a class called
Converter is
listed, and its source code is shown in Listing 4.
Listing 4. The
Converter activity class
class Converter extends Activity{ import ConverterHelper._ private[this] var amountValue:EditText = null private[this] var uom:Spinner= null private[this] var convertButton:Button = null private[this] var resultValue:TextView = null override def onCreate(savedInstanceState:Bundle){ super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.layout.main) uom = findViewById(R.id.uom_value).asInstanceOf[Spinner] this.setUomChoice(ENGLISH) amountValue = findViewById(R.id.amount).asInstanceOf[EditText] convertButton = findViewById(R.id.convert_button).asInstanceOf[Button] resultValue = findViewById(R.id.result_value).asInstanceOf[TextView] convertButton.setOnClickListener( () => { val unit = uom.getSelectedItem.asInstanceOf[String] val amount = parseDouble(amountValue.getText.toString) val result = UnitsConverter.convert(Measurement(unit,amount)) resultValue.setText(result) }) } override def onCreateOptionsMenu(menu:Menu) = { super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu) menu.add(NONE, 0, 0, R.string.english_units) menu.add(NONE, 1, 1, R.string.metric_units) true } override def onMenuItemSelected(featureId:Int, item:MenuItem) = { super.onMenuItemSelected(featureId, item) setUomChoice(if (item.getItemId == 1) METRIC else ENGLISH) true } private def setUomChoice(unitOfMeasure:UnitsSystem){ if (uom == null){ uom = findViewById(R.id.uom_value).asInstanceOf[Spinner] } val arrayId = unitOfMeasure match { case METRIC => R.array.metric_units case _ => R.array.english_units } val units = new ArrayAdapter[String](this, R.layout.spinner_view, getResources.getStringArray(arrayId)) uom.setAdapter(units) } }
Let's start at the top of this class. It extends
android.app.Activity. This is a Java class, but
you can easily subclass Java classes from Scala. Next, it has
several instance variables. Each of these corresponds to a UI element
defined earlier. Notice that each is also scoped as
private[this]. This demonstrates a level of
access control available in Scala that does not exist in the Java language. Not only
are the variables private but they are private to the particular instance
of the
Converter class. This level of access
control might be overkill for a mobile application, but if you happen to
be a Scala developer, it is reassuring that all of the syntax
you are accustomed to is still available on an Android application.
Getting back to the code in Listing 4, notice that we override the
onCreate method. This is a method defined in
Activity class and is typically overridden
by any custom
Activity. If you were writing
this code in the Java language, you should add an
annotation. In Scala, override is a keyword, required to help
ensure correctness. This would prevent a common mistake like misspelling
the method name. If you misspelled it, the Scala compiler would catch
this and give you an error. Notice that on this method, as well as all of
the others, you do not need to declare a return type. The Scala compiler
is easily able to infer this information, so there's no need to be
Most of the code in
onCreate is similar to
what you would do in the Java language. There are a couple of things of interest.
Notice that we use the method
(defined in the superclass
Activity) to get a
handle on various UI elements. This method is not type-safe and requires
a cast. To typecast in Scala, use the parameterized method
asInstanceOf[T], where
T is the type you are casting to. The cast
is functionally just like it would be in the Java language; Scala just has nicer syntax
for it. Next, notice the call to
(we will go into detail on this method shortly). Finally, notice that we get
a handle on the button we created in the layout XML and add a click event
If this was written in the Java language, we would have to pass in an
implementation of the Android interface
OnClickListener. This interface defines a
single method:
onClick. Really, all you care
about is that method, but there is no way to pass in a method directly in
the Java language. This is not the case in Scala, where we are able to pass in a method
literal, or closure. Here, we are denoting a closure by using the syntax
() => { ... }, where the method body is
the contents of the curly braces. The open/close parentheses denote a
function that takes no parameters. However, we are passing this closure to
setOnClickListener method on an instance of
Button, a Java class defined in the Android SDK. How can we pass a Scala
closure to a Java API? Let's take a look.
Functional programming on Android
To understand how we get Android APIs to work with function literals, look
at the first line of the
Converter class
definition. It is an import statement. This is another nice feature of
Scala. You can import packages, classes, etc. anywhere in the code, and
they are scoped to where you import them. In this case, we are importing
everything from something called
ConverterHelper. The code for
ConverterHelper is shown in Listing 5.
Listing 5. The
object ConverterHelper{ import android.view.View.OnClickListener implicit def funcToClicker(f:View => Unit):OnClickListener = new OnClickListener(){ def onClick(v:View)=f.apply(v)} implicit def funcToClicker0(f:() => Unit):OnClickListener = new OnClickListener() { def onClick(v:View)=f.apply} }
This is a Scala singleton because it uses the object declaration instead
of a class declaration. The singleton pattern is baked directly into
Scala and is used anywhere you would use static methods or variables
in the Java language. In this case, the singleton simply holds a pair of functions:
funcToClicker and
funcToClicker0. These take a function
as an input parameter and return an instance of
OnClickListener, the interface defined in the
Android SDK. For example,
funcToClicker is
defined as taking a function
f. The function
f is type as a function that takes a single
input parameter of type
View (another class
from Android) and returns
Unit, which is the
Scala equivalent of void. It then returns an implementation of
OnClickListener, where that interface's
onClick method is implemented by simply
applying the input function
f to the
View parameter. The other function,
funcToClick0, does the same thing, but takes
a function that has no input parameter.
Both of these functions (
funcToClicker and
funcToClicker0) are defined as implicit. This a
convenient feature of Scala. It allows types to be
implicitly converted to another type by the compiler. In this case, when
the compiler parses the
Converter class's
onCreate method, it encounters a call to
setOnClickListener. This is a method that
requires an instance of
However, the compiler finds a function, instead. Before it complains
and compilation fails, the compiler checks to see if there are any
implicit functions in scope that would allow it to convert the function to
OnClickListener. Indeed, there is, so it
performs this conversion, and all is well. Now that we understand how to
use closures within Android, let's take a look at more of the application
logic — in particular, how the unit-conversion calculations are
Unit conversions and calculations
Let's go back to Listing 4. The function passed in to
onClickListener retrieves the units of
measurement and the value entered by the user. It then creates a
Measurement instance and passes this to an
object called
UnitsConverter. The code for
these entities is shown in Listing 6.
Listing 6.
Measurement and
case class Measurement(uom:String, amount:Double) object UnitsConverter{ // constants val lbToKg = 0.45359237D val ozToG = 28.3495231 val fOzToMl = 29.5735296 val galToL = 3.78541178 val milesToKm = 1.609344 val inchToCm = 2.54 def convert (measure:Measurement)= measure.uom match { case "Fahrenheit" => (5.0/9.0)*(measure.amount - 32.0) + " C" case "Pounds" => lbToKg*measure.amount + " kg" case "Ounces" => ozToG*measure.amount + " g" case "Fluid Ounces" => fOzToMl*measure.amount + " mL" case "Gallons" => galToL*measure.amount + " L" case "Miles" => milesToKm*measure.amount + " km" case "Inches" => inchToCm*measure.amount + " cm" case "Celsius" => (9.0/5.0*measure.amount + 32.0) + " F" case "Kilograms" => measure.amount/lbToKg + " lbs" case "Grams" => measure.amount/ozToG + " oz" case "Millileters" => measure.amount/fOzToMl + " fl. oz." case "Liters" => measure.amount/galToL + " gallons" case "Kilometers" => measure.amount/milesToKm + " miles" case "Centimeters" => measure.amount/inchToCm + " inches" case _ => "" } }
Measurement is a case class. This is a
convenience feature of Scala. Decorating a class with "case" causes it to
have a constructor generated that requires the attributes of the class, as
well as implementations of
hashCode, and
toString. It is perfect for data structure
classes, like
Measurement. It also generates
getters for the attributes defined — in this case,
uom and
amount. We could
have defined those attributes as vars (mutable variables), then
setters would have also been generated for us. That single line of Scala
code does a lot!
UnitsConverter is also a singleton as it
is defined using the object keyword. Its single method is convert. Notice
how convert is defined as being equal to a single statement — a match
statement. It is a single expression, so no extra curly braces are needed.
It uses Scala's pattern matching. This is a powerful feature common in
functional programming languages. It is similar to a switch statement in
the Java language and many other languages. However, we are able to match against
strings (actually, the matching can be much more sophisticated than this.)
The string is matched, the
appropriate calculation is performed, and a formatted string is returned
to be displayed. Finally, notice the last case that matches
_. The underscore is used as a wildcard in many
places in Scala. In this case, it says match anything, kind of like a
default statement in the Java language.
Now that we understand the calculations in the application, let's finish off the application by looking at the rest of the UI setup and menus.
UI initialization and menus
Let's go back to Listing 4. We promised to look at the
setUomChoice. This method is defined as taking
a parameter of type
UnitsSystem. Let's take a
look at how this type is defined.
Listing 7. The
sealed case class UnitsSystem() case object ENGLISH extends UnitsSystem case object METRIC extends UnitsSystem
We see that
UnitsSystem is a sealed case class
with no attributes. That doesn't seem very useful. Next, we see two case
objects. Remember that
object denotes a
singleton in Scala. In this case, there are two case
objects and each extend
UnitsSystem. This is a common idiom in Scala to
provide a simpler, more type-safe way of doing enumerations.
Now the implementation of
setUomChoice makes
more sense. After we get a handle on the spinner, we match against what
type of
UnitsSystem was passed in. This
identifies an array to use from the arrays.xml we saw earlier. This
is using the
R class that the Android SDK
generates for us to represent resources, such as the arrays.xml file. Once
we know which array to use, we use that array as the data source of the
spinner by creating an adapter (in this case, an
ArrayAdapter) that we pass in to the
Finally, look at the
onCreateOptionsMenu and
onMenuItemSelected methods from Listing 4.
These are methods defined in
Activity we are overriding in our
Converter activity. The first method creates a menu. The second handles
the event of a user selecting either English or metric from the menu. It
simply calls the
setUomChoice again. This allows the user to toggle
between converting from English to metric units, or from metric to English
The architecture of the Android platform opens it up to any programming language that runs on the Java Virtual Machine. We have seen how to set up an Android project to work with Scala code. This type of procedure can be extended to other JVM programming languages, as well, like Groovy, JRuby, or Fan. With the Scala programming language at our disposal, it becomes even easier to write Android applications. You are still able to develop using Eclipse. Debugging both with the emulator and a device work straight from Eclipse, as well. You get all of the tools and a more productive programming language.
|Converter sample
- Read the "Develop Android applications with Eclipse" tutorial.
- Read Scala and Android in an Eclipse project for an introduction on how to build Scala Eclipse projects for Android.
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- Scala can make many common programming tasks easier, including working with XML. See how in "Scala and XML."
- Scala powers Lift, an innovative Web application framework. Get an introduction to Lift in "Give Apache Geronimo a Lift."
- Read "Build Comet applications using Scala, Lift, jQuery" to see how Lift can enable advanced Ajax and Comet development.
- For the latest information about Scala, check out the Scala Web site.
- Get the Android SDK documentation.
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- Browse all the Eclipse content on developerWorks.
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- Download IBM product evaluation versions or explore the online trials in the IBM SOA Sandbox and get your hands on application development tools and middleware products from DB2®, Lotus®, Rational®, Tivoli®, and WebSphere®.
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text:
I'm not sure if this is the right thread or not to post this but here goes, hope someone can help me out.
My daughter is 16 months old, going on 17 months soon and has not breastfed since she was 13 months old. Nothing has changed for me, and i've never had a problem with leaking or anything since she's weaned (with the exception of a pregnancy I lost in November)...until today. I felt that my breast was leaking and sure enough, I gave it a squeeze and full out milk came out! I was active today, cleaning, but that's not uncommon because I clean a lot and my nipples have been especially sensitive for a couple of days now but i'm about three days away from ovulating so it's not too unusual I think. My question is, has this happened to anyone? Just relactate like this out of the blue? I mean, it's not a lot, my breasts don't feel full but it's there. Any suggestions on what this could be? Is this something that just happens sometimes? I mean, it's been a long time since i've lactated, a longggg time. (I seriously doubt pregancy because we have been VERY careful). Thanks!


text:
With increased time to market pressure, early start of productive software development becomes instrumental. The Synopsys System-Level Catalyst program enables us to validate tool interoperability of our market leading debug solutions with Synopsys virtual platforms and FPGA prototypes
- Stephan Lauterbach, General Manager of Lauterbach GmbH
TRACE32 is a set of modular microprocessor development tools. The modular hardware and software solutions supports up to 350 different CPUs. Lauterbach provides low cost tools as well as sophisticated high end In-Circuit Emulators.
TRACE32's three major instruments i.e. In-Circuit Emulator, Logic State Analyzer and Timing Analyzer can be operated either stand alone or as an integrated set via one system controller. They can be further expanded using the PODBUS which is a high-speed serial bus, onto which may be connected other smaller instruments such as the Stimuli Generator, Eprom Simulator, Communication Analyzers etc. Whatever the configuration is, all instruments are controlled via the system control unit as single workstation console. TRACE32 provides an intuitive, consistent, high-performance user interface which may be operated by any combination of mouse, keyboard or softkeys (function keys).
Interoperability Description and Customer Benefit The TRACE32-PowerView Integrated Development Environment is connected to Synopsys virtual platforms containing ARM, MIPS, ARC and other processor models to allow efficient source code debug of the software executing on the target processor. The interface is established using a custom connection between the respective Synopsys and Lauterbach debug interfaces to introspect, start and stop the models based on user input and breakpoints. In addition, performance analysis results like software traces can be efficiently visualized in the TRACE32 infrastructure.
Flow Diagram


text:
English-Rhetoric and Composition - Ph.D. Download to print
College of Arts and Sciences
Department of English
113 Satterfield Hall
The Ph.D. in English–Rhetoric and Composition is focused on literacy, rhetoric and social practice. Grounded in rhetoric and language study, students complete coursework and research centered on how advanced literacy is embedded within and constitutive of communities of work and citizenship in contemporary culture. Given the historical and institutional link between composition instruction and the humanities, the program attempts to forge close connections between language and literacy at the university and in the work and lives of students and communities.
Admission Requirements
Official transcript(s), GRE, goal statement, three letters of recommendation and an 8-15 page writing sample relevant to the field of study. All requirements are reviewed and evaluated holistically.
Graduation Requirements
Students admitted to the Rhetoric and Composition doctoral major complete a minimum of 30 semester hours of doctoral-level coursework across five areas: introduction to the study of writing and rhetoric, theoretical foundations, language and linguistics, research methods, and literate practices. Students, with guidance from faculty, complete a language requirement and a qualifying examination before writing a dissertation prospectus. The language requirement can be satisfied by either a second language or a representational system, if the latter is relevant to the student's course of study. Upon the successful completion of the qualifying examination, students form a dissertation committee whose members direct the student through the dissertation and the completion of the degree.
Advanced Degree Programs
The English Department offers the M.A. in TESL, M.F.A. in Creative Writing, the M.A. in English (Literature and Writing, Concentration for Teachers and Comparative Literature) and the Ph.D. in English.
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text:
MADISON, Wis. (AP) — Gov. Scott Walker said this week that future expansion of a new statewide voucher program should be based on whether students perform at least as well at voucher schools than they did in public school.
At issue is how to measure performance, the Wisconsin State Journal reported (http://bit.ly/14QMS0R ). Republican lawmakers say work on an accountability bill is underway, but Democrats say they're not convinced the GOP's talk about accountability will translate into real action
Vouchers allow public school students to attend private and religious schools using a taxpayer-funded subsidy. Enrollment outside of Milwaukee and Racine is capped at just 500 students next school year and 1,000 for every year after that.
The performance of voucher students should dictate the degree to which the program expands, Walker said.
"If the students are performing at or better than they were in the schools they came from, then that would be a compelling case to offer more choices like that to more families across the state," Walker said. "If the majority are not performing better, you could make a pretty compelling argument not to."
Republican state Sen. Luther Olsen, who chairs the Senate Education Committee, said work on an accountability bill is wrapping up. He said he hopes hearings will be held in late summer and early fall, with a bill sent to Walker by the end of the year.
"I hope that everyone comes away happy that this is the right thing to do," Olsen said. "The voucher people want a bill like this because they're only as good as their weakest school."
He said the bill will apply the report card system for public schools to voucher schools as well. It will also amend the report card for public schools.
The report card released last fall didn't measure high school student growth because it was based on a single test taken in 10th grade. The state budget the governor signed over the weekend expands high school testing to include grades 9 and 11. The accountability bill will make sure that future report cards include those tests, Olsen said.
Democrats have been openly skeptical about the progress of an accountability bill. Earlier this year Senate Minority Leader Chris Larson, compared talk of a bill to the cartoon character Lucy van Pelt pulling the football away from Charlie Brown.
School Choice Wisconsin, a group that has pushed for an expansion of the voucher program, said the biggest sticking point for an accountability bill thus far has been making sure private schools are treated fairly. The group's president, Jim Bender, said if failing public schools are given funds to help improve, failing private schools should be treated the same way rather than be cut from the program.
"We are engaged in the process as long as there's equitable treatment, good data and specificity in statute," Bender said.
Information from: Wisconsin State Journal, http://www.madison.com/wsj


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just book it!
Extended Perks members now have exclusive access to one-click booking! Save time by just clicking the Just Book It! link under your desired room rate to instantly reserve your room!
Founded by Puritans in 1649, Annapolis, Maryland has been nicknamed "America's Sailing Capital."
The United States Naval Academy is by far Annapolis' most famous resident. Since its establishment in 1845, the Naval Academy has graduated more than 60,000 men and women into our nation's military service.
Annapolis is also the capital of the State of Maryland and home to many of Maryland's government offices. The historic state capitol building is just four miles from either of the Extended Stay America locations.
In addition to government, defense and aerospace are important industries in Annapolis. ARINC, a provider of communications, engineering and integration solutions, is the city's largest private employer. Also located in Annapolis are several facilities owned by global security giant Northrop Grumman Corporation.
After you are done doing business in Annapolis, be sure to set aside some time for leisurely activities. Baseball fans will want to know that the Baltimore Orioles' park at Camden Yards is just 25 miles from either of the Extended Stay America's Annapolis locations. And, less than 30 miles away are the museums and public buildings surrounding our national government in Washington, D.C.
Visitors coming to Annapolis from late August through October can experience the second largest Renaissance Festival held anywhere in the country. Mimicking a 16th Century English faire, performers and visitors alike are encouraged to join the fun in full medieval gear.
Golfers should plan on playing the Eisenhower Golf Course, a terrific public 18-hole golf course that takes players through forestland, around one of Maryland's finest lakes and along numerous creeks and streams.
For a comfortable, convenient, and affordable Annapolis hotel, Extended Stay America is a terrific choice.


text:
The arrival of 2014
December 24, 2013 —
UPPER DELAWARE VALLEY — The unseasonal blast of warm air that had temperatures rising enough to blanket many areas with fog is behind us, and more typical winter temperatures are upon us. What will the future bring regarding temperature and precipitation?
The forecast for the region put forward by the National Weather Service (NWS), says that temperatures have an equal chance of being above average, below average or average during January, February and March. In Monticello during that three-month period, there is a 99% chance that the average temperature will fall between 18.9 and 33.9 degrees Fahrenheit. NWS predicts, however, that as we approach the summer months, there is a better chance of temperature being above average than below average in the region.
For more information about possible winter weather, see the River Talk column.


text:
Migraines and Your Health
By Health Day
It's estimated that more than 37 million Americans suffer from migraines.
Migraines with aura are headaches with some kind of sensory disturbance - usually visual disturbances, like flashing lights. And for women who get these kind of migraines, two new important studies. The first suggests this condition may be strongly linked to heart and blood vessel problems.
The Women's Health Study involved nearly 28-thousand women 1-thousand-435 of them had migraine with aura. During the 15-year study, there were 1-thousand-30 cases of heart attack, stroke or death from a cardiovascular cause. The data showed that after high blood pressure, migraine with aura was the second strongest risk factor for these events. The second study looked at women with migraine who were using hormonal contraceptives and whether they were more prone to blood clots. Of the 145-thousand participants, 2,691 had migraine with aura and 3,437 had migraine without aura.
The results showed that women with migraine with aura were more likely to have blood clot complications such as deep vein thrombosis than women with migraine without aura. This was true with both newer devices like the contraceptive patch and ring-and older contraceptives. So what's a patient to do? Researchers suggest it would be wise to let your doctor know you have migraines before any birth control is prescribed.
I'm Dr. Cindy Haines of HealthDay TV with news you can use for healthier living.
Most Popular
Tuesday, December 6, 2016, Watertown, NY


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July 3, 2012 —
In anticipation of the safe July 4 week, the National Park Service (NPS) has posted Pennsylvania and New York river access signs with bi-lingual messages that warn swimmers and boaters of the Upper Delaware's strong current, sudden drop-offs and hidden obstacles. These signs are part of a water safety campaign to encourage river users to wear lifejackets.
"The bucolic nature of the landscape and the river is misleading and people who attempt to swim across the river often run into difficulty," said Kevin Reish, 2012 Safety Coordinator. "Especially when they have been out in the sun all day."
"All of the 2011 drownings could have been prevented if people had been wearing lifejackets," said NPS Superintendent Sean McGuinness.
In addition to wearing a lifejacket at all times, all river users are encouraged to float feet first if they fall into the water and to stay upstream of their vessel. Additionally, swimmers are reminded to never swim alone. Lifejackets are mandatory if the river measures six feet at the Barryville gauge.
Visit www.nps.gov/upde/planyourvisit/riversafety.htm [1] for more specifics about river safety. Call the 24-hour river hotline at 845/252-7100 for air and water temperatures and river height.


text:
Jobless Rate Falls in All but One County
by K2 News Desk, firstname.lastname@example.com
Wyoming's unemployment rate fell in 22 of the state's 23 counties in September.
The only county to see an increase was Teton County, where the rate increased three tenths of a percent from 4.1% in August to 4.4% in September.
Sublette County continued to have the lowest rate in the state, and certainly one of the lowest in the country, at 3%.
In Natrona County, the rate between August and September dropped 6-tenths of a percent to just 4.3%. Laramie County's number fell even more, dropping by 7-tenths of a percent to 5.2%. In Fremont County had the highest unemployment rate in the state, but it's rate dropped a full percentage point from 6.6% to 5.6%.
The counties that saw the biggest decrease between August and September were Big Horn and Goshen, where the rates dropped from 6.2% to 5.0% and 5.8% to 4.6% respectively.
The statewide number went down by 3-tenths of a point, and now stands at 5.4%.
State Economist David Bullard notes that nearly all of the unemployment rates followed normal seasonal patterns.


text:
Damascus board approves fiber mill
December 21, 2011 —
The Damascus Township board approved the establishment of a fiber mill on Calkins Road for Adam and Elizabeth Thumann, scheduling a conditional use hearing for Monday, January 16 at 6:30 p.m.
The mill will process raw wool into a form to be used to create various products. Though there are three other fiber mills in Northeast Pennsylvania, more are needed, according to township officials.
The closest fiber mill is the Worthington Acres Alpaca Mill in Dyberry. The number of sheep and alpacas in the area is growing steadily, according to agriculture agencies.
In other matters, one of the most pressing issues in the township is a hoped-for grant from Federal Emergency Management Agency and Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency amounting to over $270,000, which the township has already spent on repairing roads as the result of recent storms.
"Pennsylvania and our area have been declared disaster areas and are eligible for such funds," said Ed Lagarenne, Damascus Emergency Management Coordinator. "We are hoping that the inspectors can get here before any snowfall, and see what we need."
The state contributes 75 percent to the grant and the federal government 25 percent.
In other board action, the board is in the process of developing a policy to deal with dangerous buildings that may need to be demolished.
"We have sent the building ordinance to our attorney, Jeffrey Treat, and our planner, Carson Helfrich, for review," said Ernie Mattern of the township planning commission. "After that, we go to the county for its input."
Jeffrey Dexter, chairman of the board, announced that the New York City reservoirs are nearly 95% full, a dangerous condition if there is another serious storm. The board urged the Upper Delaware Council to do what it can to persuade New York City to mitigate the problem.
The board continues to oppose House Bill 1100 and Senate Bill 1950 that limits the municipality's use of zoning ordinances to control some aspects of gas drilling.
"We are a home-rule state and these rights should not be taken from us," Dexter said. The Pennsylvania State Association of Township Supervisors and other municipal-related agencies are also opposing the legislation.


text:
The Dish
Tag: Emlio Santucci
Downtown WPB: French restaurant/nightclub has opened, new family-owned Italian eatery on deck
- 6:00 pm Tuesday, July 9th, 2013 by M.M. Cloutier
A new French restaurant with a nighttime club vibe has opened in downtown West Palm Beach, where, later this summer, a family-owned Italian restaurant is slated to open with a modern American décor.
The French place, with 2,800 industrial-mod square feet, opened last month at 221 Datura St. and it's called Le Rendez-vous (766-1095; www.rendez-vous-wpb.com).
Operated by Paris natives and brothers Olivier and Edouard Delrieu, the restaurant and night club (with DJs and large-scale screens continually showing movies and sports) features such menu items as a steak burger topped with foie gras, chicken Basquaise, charcuterie and cheese plates, croissant sandwiches, salad Nicoise, soups, [More]


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Hi all,
I am pumping so we can offer a few bottles of expressed breast milk. Any advice on what bottles/nipples to use for a newborn, 16 days old? Thanks, Karen
Hi all,
I am pumping so we can offer a few bottles of expressed breast milk. Any advice on what bottles/nipples to use for a newborn, 16 days old? Thanks, Karen
Hello - I use the Playtex nurser system bottles & slow flow nipples - natural latch. Some come with the bottles if you get the whole package (bottles, liners & nipples). I also used the medela nipples and bottles (so you could feed directly from bottles you pumped in) but was advised not to use those b/c they aren't similar to breastfeeding. Anyway, just be careful about giving a bottle so quickly so there's no confusion in latching.
I have always advised people against offering bottles unless it can't be avoided because my son and I ran into some really serious problems with nipple confusion etc. We almost lost our nursing relationship. I know this does not happen with every child but I still don't feel it is worth the risk. If you find that it is necessary I would start with the slow flow nipple and never move up to a faster flow nipple. If your baby has to work for the milk from the bottle then there is less chance of nipple confusion. I used the Avent bottles which are said to be as close to breastfeeding as possible. You may want to try giving milk to baby via some other means. Some people find a syringe or a spoon works well.
i definitely do not recommend offering a bottle that soon. you need to ground your breast and baby system before mixing it up a bit. is there a specific reason you want to offer the bottle? if you don't need to, then don't yet. give a couple months. Hang in there!
Last edited by @llli*LLLCarla; January 29th, 2009 at 08:09 AM.
~~ Valarie ~~
wife to matt
mommy to
ricky 2.9.03, christian 6.28.05, baby olive due JAN 2008


text:
Richard Childress Racing
Recent News
Truck Series Preview for Iowa
September 3, 2013
Richard Childress Racing
NASCAR Camping World Truck Series News and Notes
Race: Fan Appreciation 200
Date: Sunday, September 8, 2013
Location: Iowa Speedway
Richard Childress Racing at Iowa Speedway ... Richard Childress Racing has 12 previous NASCAR Camping World Truck Series starts at Iowa Speedway collecting one pole award, one victory, four top-five and six top-10 finishes. The Welcome, N.C.-based organization holds a 9.8 average starting position, coupled with an 11.2 average finishing position and has completed 98.1 percent (2,360 of 2,405) of the laps contested.
RCR's Camping World Truck Series History ... In 302 Camping World Truck Series starts, RCR has collected 37 pole awards, 28 wins, 112 top-five and 184 top-10 finishes. RCR also earned the inaugural series championship in 1995 with Mike Skinner, and again with Austin Dillon in 2011. The organization has an average starting position of 9.5 and an average finishing position of 10.4.
Points Racin' ... With 14 Camping World Truck Series races completed in 2013, Ty Dillon is third in the driver championship point standings, trailing the leader by 64 markers, while Brendan Gaughan is eighth in the standings, 88 points outside the top spot. The No. 3 team is fifth in the owner championship point standings and the No. 62 team is 11th.
The 1 is Here ... Launched on Aug. 17, Fox Sports 1 was introduced to an estimated 90 million homes, bringing sports fans NASCAR action along with MLB, UFC, College Football, College Basketball and Soccer coverage. NASCAR Camping World Truck Series events will be televised on the new network for the remainder of the season. FS1 will continue to provide on-track coverage of the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series and Camping World Truck Series along with ancillary programming such as Race Hub, RaceDay, Victory Lane and the Set Up.
Social Media ... To keep up-to-date with the latest news, information and view exclusive content, visit RCR's Twitter page - @RCRracing, RCR's Camping World Truck Series team Twitter pages - @RCR3TDillon and @RCR62BGaughan. RCR's Camping World Truck Series driver Twitter pages - @tydillon and @Brendan62.
Catch the Action ... Flag-to-flag coverage of the Fan Appreciation 200 at Iowa Speedway is scheduled to be televised live on Sunday, Sept. 8 beginning at 2 p.m. Eastern Time on Fox Sports 1 and broadcast live on the Motor Racing Network and SiriusXM NASCAR Radio, channel 90.
Ty Dillon
No. 3 Bass Pro Shops Chevrolet Silverado
Event Preview Fact Sheet
This Week's Bass Pro Shops Chevrolet at Iowa Speedway ... Ty Dillon will pilot chassis No. 025 from the Richard Childress Racing stable in Sunday's NASCAR Camping World Truck Series race at Iowa Speedway. Dillon drove this RCR-prepared Chevrolet to a 16th-place result in the spring edition of the Iowa Speedway event.
Iowa Nuggets ... This week's 200-lapevent marks Dillon's sixth appearance at the Newton, Iowa-based facility. Dillon has three previous starts at the 0.875-mile track in the Camping World Truck Series where he garnered one top-five and two top-10 finishes. He also holds one victory, one pole award and two top-five finishes in the ARCA Racing Series presented by Menards at Iowa Speedway.
Double Duty ... Aside from his driving duties in the No. 3 Bass Pro Shops Chevrolet this Sunday, Dillon will also pilot the No. 33 Armour Vienna Sausages Chevrolet in the NASCAR Nationwide Series event on Friday, Sept. 6 at Richmond International Raceway with live coverage beginning at 7:30 p.m. Eastern Time on ESPN.
Meet Dillon ... Dillon is scheduled to participate in a Camping World Truck Series autograph session on Saturday, Sept. 7 beginning at 4:15 p.m. Central Time at Iowa Speedway.
Welcome Home ... Rear-tire carrier Justin Voss returns home this weekend as the Camping World Truck Series heads to Iowa Speedway. Voss hails from Parkersburg, Iowa and currently calls North Carolina home. The 2013 season marks Voss' fourth year at RCR. During the week, Voss works in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series shop as a fabricator and, travels with the No. 3 team on the weekends as the rear-tire carrier.
The Outdoor World ... Bass Pro Shops, one of America's premier outdoor retailers, are projecting more than 20 new stores in areas across the United States and Canada including Seattle, Anchorage, Little Rock, Ark., Daytona Beach, Fla., and Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. For more information on store locations, visit www.basspro.com.
You're running both the NASCAR Nationwide Series and NASCAR Camping World Truck Series races this weekend. How do you prepare for a weekend like this?
"It's not something you technically prepare yourself for. It won't even really feel like a double duty weekend because I'm racing the (NASCAR) Nationwide Series race on Friday and flying out to Iowa (Speedway) for the (NASCAR Camping World) Truck Series. I'll have completed one race before having to think about another one. It'll be like dirt racing when we travel to a different track ever day over a four-day trip. I'm kind of used to that."
Brendan Gaughan
No. 62 South Point Hotel & Casino Chevrolet Silverado
Event Preview Fact Sheet
This Week's South Point Hotel & Casino Chevrolet Silverado at Iowa Speedway ... Brendan Gaughan will pilot chassis No. 018 from the Richard Childress Racing NASCAR Camping World Truck Series stable in the Fan Appreciation 200. This RCR-prepared machine was most recently driven by Gaughan to a ninth-place finish at Pocono Raceway in August.
Hawkeye State Stats ... Gaughan has two previous starts at the 0.875-mile tri-oval (2011 and July 2013). Between those two appearances, the Las Vegas native has earned an 11.5 average starting position coupled with a 23.5 average finishing position and has completed 89.9 percent (395 of 400) of the laps contested.
South Point Hotel & Casino ... Opened in December of 2005, the South Point resort was the first megaresort located south of McCarran International Airport and the Las Vegas Strip. The facility consists of a 25 story hotel tower and 90,000 square feet convention center located on a 60 acre site along Las Vegas Boulevard in Enterprise, Nevada. South Point Hotel offers a total of 2,163 rooms and 160,000 sq. ft. meeting and convention space; the largest of any hotel in Las Vegas that is not on the Strip. For more information, visit www.southpointcasino.com or call 1-866-796-7111.
A Las Vegas Did You Know ... On average, 315 weddings take place per day in the city of Las Vegas.
Sign Here, Please ... Gaughan is scheduled to sign autographs at Iowa Speedway during a NASCAR autograph session with other Camping World Truck Series competitors on Saturday, Sept. 7 from 4:15 to 5 p.m. Central Time in the Infield Fan Walk.
In the Rearview Mirror: Canadian Tire Motorsports Park ... Gaughan and the No. 62 South Point Hotel & Casino Chevrolet team suffered bad luck in the series' inaugural road course race at Canadian Tire Motorsports Park on Sunday afternoon after sway bar issues relegated the team to an 18th-place result.
What are your thoughts on heading back to Iowa Speedway for the second time this season?
"We had a great truck when we were at Iowa (Speedway) in July, but had some misfortune during the race. We practiced and qualified well and were racing within the top three when we had a mechanical issue, so I'm hoping we're even better this time around and are able to avoid the bad luck that found us the last time."


text:
I need help! long story, but I'm hoping someone can help!
I had my twins October 9, they were 6 weeks premature. Ryker was 5 lb 12 oz and Ronin was 4 lbs 11 oz.
I immediately asked for a pump and also tried to nurse them. Ryker nursed very well but Ronin had trouble latching..Then they both started losing weight at a fast rate. The pedi--who is NOT very supportive of bf'ing at all..I explained to her that I'd like to BF, because I felt that this was better for them right now. She went on this tirade about her daughter is smart and healthy and she was FF'ed..That really put me off.
She put them on 24 cal preemie formula. I would nurse and then they'd get the formula. They STILL lost weight..
So, the o/c Dr came in that weekend (who was MUCH more supportive of bf'ing) and had them on a 3 hour schedule--meaning that the MOST they could go without food is 3 hours, but still feed them on demand. So, I had to give them EBM with a fortifier. She also said for me to nurse them once a day.
Ryker has no problems going back and forth. Ronin still has trouble nursing. It depends on the day, some days he'll nurse really well and other days, he won't nurse at all..
So, I was wondering if anyone had any ideas on how to get Ronin to nurse? Anyone had the same experience and eventually got their preemie to nurse?


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« Back
April 3, 2012: Republican presidential candidate, former Pennsylvania Sen. Rick Santorum, greets supporters in Cranberry, Pa. Santorum's plan to use state conventions to pull support from Mitt Romney has stalled in North Dakota.
AP Photo
"Why Don't Newt Gingrich and Rick Santorum Just Quit?"
Op-Ed, The Washington Post
April 6, 2012
Authors: Jonathan Renshon, Former Research Fellow, International Security Program, 20102012, Jennifer Lerner, Philip Tetlock
Belfer Center Programs or Projects: International Security
After nearly 40 primaries, Mitt Romney has more than twice as many delegates as Rick Santorum and more than four times Newt Gingrich's tally. And Ron Paul's count barely registers. So why is this still a four-man race?
Part of the answer lies in the fact that decisions to quit a presidential race have little to do with voters and delegates and everything to do with what's going on in a candidate's head. Staying in when there's no hope of winning can become a quest for a consolation prize, such as a future Cabinet appointment. But fighting a losing battle also reflects human beings' tendency to gamble, no matter how long the odds. It's also about fighting for one's reputation. Who wants to forever be regarded as a failed presidential candidate?
Santorum clearly doesn't. After Tuesday's losses to Romney in the District, Maryland and Wisconsin, he conjured up comparisons to Ronald Reagan's long-shot GOP nomination bid in 1976:
Reagan "lost almost every early primary. He only won one until May. . . . Everybody told him to get out of the race," Santorum said in a speech in Pennsylvania. "There's one person who understood we don't win by moving to the middle."
Sure, Reagan lost the nomination to Gerald Ford, but Santorum conveniently ignored that, focusing instead on the idea that he might still have a chance.
Behavioral economists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, pioneers in the field of decision science, discovered that when an individual faces a choice between a sure loss and a gamble, he will go for the riskier option rather than settle for defeat.
For candidates such as Santorum and Gingrich, a loss would be highly public. When you're the exciting new candidate, you're likely to focus on the endless possibilities, and optimism rules the day. But when the polls turn against you, the fear of failure starts to weigh more heavily. Despite whatever they go on to do, the stigma of losing can be nearly impossible to shake. For example, a Los Angeles Times headline last summer read "Failed presidential candidate Al Gore attacks winning candidate Obama over his environment policies." The story had nothing to do with campaigning, yet Gore was still branded a loser.
For politicians like Gingrich who, as a junior congressman in 1984, told reporters that he had "enormous personal ambition" and wanted to "shift the entire planet" the idea of being one among many failed candidates might be too much to bear. This can result in doubling down on the unsuccessful course of action. So what if the last primary didn't go as planned? The next one will make up for it.
It's too late for Santorum and Gingrich to avoid loserdom. But if they voluntarily end their campaigns, they'll be actively putting themselves in that camp rather than continuing to run and (oops!) getting stuck there anyway. It's far easier to explain away a failure if you weren't the "decider."
The problem this poses for political candidates is the same one that gamblers face after losing their first $100. The economically rational move would be to cut their losses and walk away. However, dreaming of winning, however slim the odds, makes it difficult for most people to stop playing.
Deciding whether to prolong a candidacy involves estimating the odds of success, which in turn relies on how candidates see themselves and their qualities compared with the rest of the field. Unfortunately, people are not very good at making these judgments. We all tend to overestimate our attributes compared with everyone else's. As Santorum said: "Grandiosity has never been a problem with Newt Gingrich."
But it's not just Gingrich's problem. We all tend to believe that we're attractive, smart individuals. If you put 20 people in a room, it's likely that they would all describe themselves as "above average" on most dimensions even though this is mathematically impossible.
Even experts are not immune to such errors: Making decisions in their area of expertise, doctors, lawyers and financial managers are just as likely as the general public to fall victim to overconfidence. Political candidates even smart, knowledgeable ones are likely to overestimate their chances of winning and, as a campaign goes on, to misjudge their chances of political resurrection. This is why there are so many candidates to begin with.
Of course, not everyone in a campaign is there to win. Some play the game for entirely different reasons. "Statement campaigns" such as Paul's persist longer than expected because bowing out gracefully and early doesn't make much of a statement. For some of these conviction politicians, running as the underdog reinforces their self-image. Given that Paul has identified himself as completely out of the mainstream of the Republican Party, it should be no surprise that he is refusing to play by the GOP's rules. After all, what kind of principled stand would it be to leave the race before it's over?
To even get to the point where a presidential campaign is a possibility, politicians must be survivors smart, lucky and open to risk. In other words, the candidates we get are not drawn at random (though it can sometimes seem like it), but probably possess certain qualities in excess: They are tough, capable and unable to know when it's time to call it quits.
How could they misread reality when there's so much information (i.e. nonstop polling) about how theyre doing? Well, having so much information makes it easy to evaluate a situation in a way that reflects well on ourselves and is consistent with our beliefs. Losing a primary might be interpreted in a candidate's mind as a better-than-expected result (still a defeat, but not as bad as the naysayers predicted!) or even as irrelevant (especially in the states where delegates are allocated proportionally to the share of the vote).
Fortunately, some of these pathologies are avoidable. If candidates set objective benchmarks for themselves before campaigning, it would be harder for them to spin results in their favor.
But candidates are still human no matter how smart and capable they might be. When Bob Dole said last month that it was "getting close to the point" where Santorum should decide whether to drop out, he acknowledged his own difficulty in giving up his pursuit for the 1988 GOP nomination. "As much as you don't want to do it, sometimes you have to face reality."
And the reality is, we already have a Republican nominee: Mitt Romney.
Jonathan Renshon is a research fellow at the Harvard Kennedy Schools Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Jennifer Lerner, a professor of public policy and management at the Kennedy School, directs the Harvard Laboratory for Decision Science. Philip Tetlock is a professor of management and psychology at the University of Pennsylvania.
For more information about this publication please contact the Belfer Center Communications Office at 617-495-9858.
Full text of this publication is available at:
For Academic Citation:


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St. Paul's Lutheran Evangelical Lutheran School in Bangor closed Monday due to a water main break near the school.
The school's principal Tim Payne says the water main break happened about half a block from the school, at the intersection of Commercial and 14th Streets.
Village of Bangor Public Works Director Steve Baker says the break happened somewhere between 3 and 4 a.m. Water was shut off to about 150 buildings by 9 a.m.
Payne says he first saw the broken main on his walk to school.
"The whole street from side to side was filled with ice and just moving water so, I noticed it about two blocks down from where it actually started so after the 4 or 5 hours it had of going off it was pretty solid," Payne said.
The break was fixed and water was turned back on around 3 p.m.
Baker says it looks like the break was a result of freezing and thawing ground.


text:
I had to stand in line the other day.
Don't get me wrong, I have no problem with standing in line, I get into the Zen of it: If I am to stand in line, I will stand in line. In my younger years I would've been fuming.
Over time I've learned various ways to deal with waiting in line. Some places handle lines by having you take a number. I'd walk into the place and take a number from the number thingy. Let's say I'd have number 74. I'd look up at the electronic sign that said, "NOW SERVING NUMBER 43." I'd guesstimate how much time it would take to get to my number, then leave and run errands.
Now you must understand this is gambling. I understand the deal. The deal is if I return before they've called my number, I win! If I return and they've gone past my number, I lose. There's no whining, no complaining, I simply take another number and wait.
For those times when you can't escape standing in line there are things to do to pass the time. You can bring a book to read. And thanks to modern technology, if you have your cell phone you can text your spouse and let them know what a grand time you're having waiting in line. You can also secretly take pictures of footwear your fellow line-standers are wearing so you'll have proof people really do wear fuzzy slippers in public.
You might find yourself listening to a woman in line. She's on the cell phone with a friend saying, "Well if I was back home in New York there wouldn't be a line."
I texted The Lady of the House: "Did you know there are no lines in New York City?"
She texts back: "We must move there at once."
Yes, thanks to modern technology, standing in line can be a learning experience.


text:
Submit News
Blog: Auto
Do We Need EVs with Turbo Engines Becoming so Fuel Efficient?
Shane McGlaun
October 17, 2011 1:15 PM
Recipient E-mail
Sender E-mail
You're doing it wrong.
Turbos are on 75% of new cars sold in Europe
You don't have to be a scientist or an automotive engineer to look at the fuel economy that major automakers are squeezing out of their vehicles with normal combustion engines today and wonder if we really need EVs and hybrids. More than one diesel car in Europe is able to provide fuel economy as good or better than the hybrids people generally think are so fuel thrifty.
The catch is that we rarely see diesel engines in the US inside a car, that will be changing, but the diesel car isn't common today for American drivers. One thing that is becoming very common for fuel efficiency sake is the addition of a turbocharger to allow a smaller displacement engine to produce acceptable power to provide the performance drivers expect.
The turbocharger is something that was often thought of for performance cars like the Grand National Buick in the mid to late 1980's. Today the turbo is used in a number of engines including the very popular EcoBoost line from Ford. Ford's EcoBoost engine inside the
F-150 truck
is selling very well and has a towing capacity on par with normal engines with larger displacement. The turbocharger is even more widely used in Europe where
reports that 75% of all new cars come with one.
Craig Balis from Honeywell Turbo Technologies told Reuters in an interview, "The turbocharger is a green technology in the sense that it's helping cut emissions and raise fuel economy. It's a critical component to get more fuel efficiency out of the engine."
"Emissions regulations in Europe, the United States and worldwide are a driving force for cleaner, greener vehicles and that's a great landscape for turbocharging," said Balis. "We're confident about the continued evolution of combustion engines and the growing role turbocharging has."
reports that a diesel engine that has a turbocharger can get 40% more mileage than one without a turbo and a gas engine can go 20% further per liter of fuel than one without a turbo. With the impressive economy that normal engines with turbochargers achieve there are many that wonder if we even need EVs and hybrids.
Pierre Gaudillat, policy officer at the Transport and Environment lobby group in Brussels, was asked if we need EVs from a CO2 point of view. He said, "That's a valid question. The answer is: maybe not. Turbos are a no-brainer for cutting CO2 because the efficiency gains are really quite significant. In the near term, we don't really need and can't count on electric vehicles to deliver the CO2 savings. Maybe not until about 2030 or 2050."
"Nowadays, security guys break the Mac every single day. Every single day, they come out with a total exploit, your machine can be taken over totally. I dare anybody to do that once a month on the Windows machine." -- Bill Gates
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