text: GLARO Research: Current Studies Ongoing research projects in DU's Great Lakes/Atlantic Region Please click on one of the studies below to get more information and see photos associated with GLARO's ongoing and completed research studies: Black Duck Study Spring Migration Study Great Lakes Mallard Study Black Duck Study For detailed information on the Black Duck Study in New Jersey, Virginia and Ohio, please visit the Black Duck Study homepage. Spring Migration Study During spring migration, waterfowl depend on encountering suitable stopover wetland habitats to act as rest areas and to fuel the energetic demands of long-distance flight and subsequent breeding efforts. The loss and deterioration of wetland habitat along migration routes could create "bottlenecks" that ultimately limit waterfowl populations. The Great Lakes region has sustained tremendous wetland loss (Illinois: 85 percent, Indiana: 87 percent, Michigan: 50 percent, Ohio: 90 percent and Wisconsin: 46 percent) and degradation as a result of anthropogenic land-use conversion. As a result, this area may be an energetic bottleneck for waterfowl during spring migration, resulting in reduced body condition, survival and breeding effort. In 2006, Ducks Unlimited and its partners initiated a multi-year study designed to determine the amount and types of wetland habitat required to support the nutritional requirements of spring-migrating waterfowl in the Great Lakes region. The results of this work will be used to help refine and guide conservation activities to meet the needs of spring-migrating waterfowl. Six study sites were selected to represent longitudinal and latitudinal gradients and the variety of wetland habitats available to spring migrating waterfowl. Wetlands were sampled three times during spring to document food (plant and invertebrate) availability and distribution by habitat type. Surveys and time-activity budgets were conducted to document waterfowl habitat use, migration chronology and behavior. A sample of birds also was collected throughout the migration period to determine food habits in relation to available foods. Information from this research will be utilized to model the landscape with respect to waterfowl energetic carrying capacity. A hotspot map will be produced to guide conservation activities throughout the Great Lakes region. Publications, conclusions and conservation guidance as a result of this research are anticipated in 2009. For resources related to this and other GLARO studies, please see our Resource Library. Back to list of studies » Great Lakes Mallard Study Mallards produced in the Great Lakes are extremely important to local and regional waterfowl harvest. In the Great Lakes and southeastern United States, the majority of mallards harvested are derived from the Great Lakes population. Spring waterfowl surveys in Michigan and Wisconsin suggest mallard breeding populations increased through the early 1990s but have since declined. This trend has raised concerns regarding potential factors limiting the population. In 2001, Ducks Unlimited and its partners initiated a three-year study to examine mallard reproductive ecology in the Great Lakes states. The goals of the study were to document reproductive parameters and identify which parameters most influence population growth via demographic modeling. The results of this work were used to help refine and guide conservation activities to meet the needs of breeding mallards in the Great Lakes region. For resources related to this and other GLARO studies, please see our Resource Library. Nine study sites were selected that included a variety of landscapes representative of the region. At each site, 60 female mallards were decoy trapped and surgically implanted with radio transmitters. Females were then monitored daily throughout the breeding season to estimate breeding incidence, clutch size, hatch success and nesting effort, as well as the survival of adult females, nests and ducklings. A demographic model utilizing these estimates was then developed and used to conduct sensitivity analyses to identify which parameters most influence population growth. Results suggested that population growth was most sensitive to changes in non-breeding survival, duckling survival and nest success. Overall, breeding season parameters accounted for the majority of the variation in population growth. Duckling survival was the breeding season parameter that was most influential. In addition, duckling survival was positively related to the amount of vegetated wetland and negatively related to the proportion of forest cover within brood-rearing areas. As a result of this information, Ducks Unlimited conservation programs were adapted to focus on restoring and protecting wetlands with mosaics of emergent vegetation and open water in sparsely forested areas. Conservation efforts targeting duckling survival also may lead to improved breeding incidence, nesting effort, pair densities and female breeding survival. Back to list of studies »


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INGREDIENTS:1 ½ lbs. Spanish (yellow) onions 1 Tbsp. olive oil ½ tsp. oregano ½ tsp. salt Dash pepper 3 eggs, beaten 1 pastry for double crust 9-inch pie * ½ cup lowfat Jarlsberg of Swiss cheese, shredded 1 ½ cups milkDIRECTIONS:1. Preheat oven to 400°F. 2. Cook onions in olive oil over medium heat in a skillet about 30 minutes or until onions are golden brown. Stir in oregano, salt and pepper and cool slightly. 3. Line 6 (4 – 5-inch) tart pans with pastry; prick pastry with fork. Lightly ...
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subset: commoncrawl


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Gallery 2
Click on detailed view to see full image.
All images are available as color prints from a variety of print-runs and in several different formats (from 13cm x 18cm to 60cm x 80cm), with or without frame. Prints can be ordered directly from me.
Price list upon request.


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Choose the period
Today, whilst in an argument with my girlfriend, I told her she was the craziest bitch I'd ever met. She responded with "Challenge accepted." I'm now terrified. FML
by Andrew / 10/30/2012 at 2:08am / United States (Washington) / Love
Today, I was stuck in the bathroom yelling for someone to get me toilet paper. My grandpa slips a small leaf under the door and says, "This is what I used in my day." FML
by Obi1Shinobi / 10/30/2012 at 10:27am / United States / Miscellaneous
Today, my boyfriend of a year broke up with me by saying, "It's not you, it's me. I have a terrible taste in women." FML
by LonelyMe / 10/30/2012 at 9:27am / Love
Today, while getting intimate with my girlfriend, she asked me to whisper her name. Apparently, her name is not Kate. FML
by you / 10/30/2012 at 3:46pm / United Kingdom / Intimacy
Today, I met someone really cool and their departing words were, for some odd reason, "We should totally be friends, I mean unless you're schizophrenic or something, haha!" I have schizophrenia. FML
by Anonymous / 10/30/2012 at 7:42pm / United States (Ohio) / Health
Today, we got new seats in class today. The guy placed next to me, turned, looked me dead in the eye, and said, "The balls are the warmest place on the body" while his hands were in his pants. I'm stuck next to him for the rest of the semester. FML
by Anonymous / 10/30/2012 at 8:29pm / United States (Ohio) / Miscellaneous
Today, my husband and I found out that our dog was pregnant. He now refuses to have kids with me for at least two years, because he wants to raise the puppies without any "distractions". FML
by Lilly / 10/30/2012 at 2:45pm / United States / Animals
Today, one of my dad's work friends came over. As he was leaving, he complimented my dad on having three "strapping young boys." I informed him that I'm a girl, and I have a hormone imbalance that causes me to have a lot of hair and a deep voice. I guess my dress didn't give him a clue. FML
by rarara / 10/30/2012 at 5:26pm / United Kingdom (Manchester) / Miscellaneous
Today, I bought a new car, and before I left, the dealer offered to help me set up the sync. I agreed, but I really wish I'd remembered that my Bluetooth name is TitsMcGee. FML
by embarassedmuch / 10/30/2012 at 12:05am / United States / Miscellaneous
Today, before leaving my house, I OCD-checked all of my doors 16 times to make sure that they were locked. When I got home, my house had been broken into. Turns out I accidentally unlocked my front door when trying to lock it for the last time. This is why I have OCD. FML
by Anonymous / 10/30/2012 at 11:02pm / United States (California) / Health
Today, I found my fiancé is cheating on me. Our wedding is in 26 days and everything is already paid for. FML
by Anonymous / 10/30/2012 at 3:34pm / United States / Love
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Do babies self-regulate with solids like they do with bm?
DD will eat a lot more sweet potatoes and apples than she used to, but that's probably just b/c she's getting bigger, right?
I'm afraid that she'll find something she really likes and keep eating b/c it tastes so good. I really don't want to overfeed her.


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Welcome to the CRG Discussion Forum!Forum registration problems: Make sure you enter your email correctly and you check your spam box first. *Then* email KurtS2@gmail for help.
I'm not a body guy, but wouldn't it have been easier to reskin that roof rather than spend all that effort with the fiberglass?


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Marketing professionals help North Central students prepare for competition
Contact: Ted Slowik, Director of PR and Media Relations, 630-637-5307, firstname.lastname@example.com
Oct. 21, 2010—Marketing professionals are lending their expertise to help North Central College students prepare a project for an American Marketing Association annual competition.
Students are receiving some valuable input from people like Tim Shoemaker, a 2003 North Central alumnus who is a senior account manager at Millward Brown, a leading global research agency specializing in advertising, marketing communications, media and brand equity research. Shoemaker and others are volunteering their time to help improve the North Central team's chances for success in the annual AMA competition.
Shoemaker is offering advice on topics ranging from gathering and analyzing market research data to using graphic design and communications skills in presentations. Students recently visited Millward Brown's Lisle office to work on their project, tour the facility and learn about the latest trends and technology used in market research.
The North Central team is a perennial powerhouse in the annual International Collegiate Case Competition sponsored by The Collegiate Chapters Council of the American Marketing Association. The AMA Case Competition is a yearlong event that brings top marketing students together to work on a marketing challenge submitted by a sponsoring organization.
This year's sponsor—Nintendo—challenges participating chapters to develop an integrated marketing communications plan for Nintendo's current line-up of console, portable gaming devices and software in the United States. Without creating any new software or hardware devices, teams are asked to develop a plan that will attract potential segments that are currently non-gamers. Finalists will make oral presentations at a conference in March in New Orleans.
The North Central team consists of Mike Gongol, a senior marketing major from Naperville; Brett Hulett, a junior marketing and management major from Carol Stream; Jessica Reynolds, a junior marketing and psychology major from Springfield, Ill.; Dana Schlusemann, a junior marketing major from Batavia; and Jon Tinman, a junior marketing major from New Lenox. The team is coached by Brian Hanlon, assistant professor of marketing, and Gary Ernst, Coleman Foundation Professor of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, professor of international business and marketing and chair of management and marketing at North Central.
North Central College offers degrees in economics, entrepreneurship and small business management, human resource management, international business, management and other areas of study that offer opportunities to learn business concepts and understand how viewing problems from multiple perspectives can lead to creative solutions. Corporate executives regularly visit campus as guest speakers to share their experiences, offer advice to students and answer their questions about the workplace.
Founded in 1861, North Central College is an independent, comprehensive college of the liberal arts and sciences that offers more than 55 undergraduate majors and graduate programming in six areas. Located in the Historic District of Naperville, Illinois—rated by Money magazine as among the nation's "Best Places to Live"—North Central College is just 30 minutes from Chicago's Loop. With more than 2,900 undergraduate and graduate students, North Central College is committed to academic excellence, a climate that emphasizes leadership, ethics, values and service, a curriculum that balances job-related knowledge with a liberal arts foundation and a caring environment with small classes.
- International Business Program
- Business
- Economics
- Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management
- Management
- Management Information Systems
- Management Information Systems Web and Internet Applications
- Marketing
- Psychology
- American Marketing Association
- competition
- International Collegiate Case Competition
- marketing
- Millward Brown
- professionals


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Note to readers: Due to an editing error, the Northwest Herald published Joseph Morton's March 11 "On this day" column on Feb. 25. Today, we publish his Feb. 25 column.
On this day (Feb. 25) in 1836, American firearms manufacturer and industrialist Samuel Colt was granted a U.S. patent for his single-barreled "revolving gun," which gave him an early monopoly on revolver manufacture.
Colt did not claim to have "invented" the revolver, but did rightly claim, in this patent, to have produced the first practical repeating pistol, which he named the Colt Paterson. Colt's main contributions to early gun manufacturing were twofold. He was the first American industrialist to use interchangeable parts (i.e., all the parts on every Colt gun were interchangeable), and secondly, he was the first manufacturer to create an assembly line for the most efficient assembling of those interchangeable parts.
As he explained in an 1836 letter to his father, the first worker at the beginning of the assembly line "would receive two or three of the most important parts and would affix these and pass them on to the next, who add a part and pass the growing article on to another who would do the same, and so on until the complete arm is put together."
This early "revolving gun," which interestingly Colt went to Washington, D.C., to demonstrate its capabilities to President Andrew Jackson, had a cartridge cylinder that held six bullets and rotated by cocking the hammer. He founded what is today The Colt Manufacturing Co. of Hartford, Conn.
After his first attempt to establish a firearms factory in Paterson, N.J., failed largely because of the U.S. Army's initial disinterest in issuing what it considered "these new-fangled" sidearms to its officers, Colt, in 1847, finally received an order for 1,000 revolvers from the U.S. military. This lucrative contract made the mass-production of revolvers commercially profitable for the first time.
The money earned in 1847 enabled Colt to finance the building, in 1855, of the world's largest private armory on the site in Hartford of the present-day Colt firearms factory. During the Civil War, the Colt Hartford factory produced guns used as sidearms by both the Union Army and Confederate Army.
At the time of his death at age 47 in 1862, Samuel Colt had become, largely through the sale of guns, one of the wealthiest Americans, with a net worth of some $15 million. He was survived by his wife, Elizabeth Hart Jarvis Colt, and a son, Caldwell Hart Colt.
The Colt Co. continued to prosper, especially with the development in 1873 and sale of the famous "Peacemaker" six-shooter, which became the handgun of choice among cowboys in the post-Civil War western frontier and is still seen in most present-day western TV shows and movies.
Even more famous and widely used than the "Peacemaker" was the Colt 1911 single-action, semi-automatic, magazine-fed, recoil-operated handgun developed for the Colt Company by gunmaker John Moses Browning This 45-caliber pistol quickly became the U.S. military's standard-issue sidearm through World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War (i.e., 1911-1985), with an estimated sale of almost 3 million guns.
In addition to being an early firearms manufacturer, Samuel Colt should be recognized as a pioneer, not only in the use of interchangeable parts and assembly lines, but also in the innovative uses of business advertising, celebrity endorsements, and creative marketing schemes.
However, like many 19th Century entrepreneurs (captains of industry or robber barons?), Samuel Colt's reputation has been somewhat tarnished by his frequent use of unsavory or even illegal methods to promote the sale and distribution of his firearms.
• Crystal Lake resident Joseph C. Morton is professor emeritus at Northeastern Illinois University and author of "The American Revolution" and "Shapers of the Great Debate at the Constitutional Convention of 1787." Email him at email@example.com.


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Mustang Ignition, Mustang Distributors, Mustang Plug Wires, Mustang Spark Plugs, Fuel Injectors
When it comes to high-definition ignition systems and parts, nobody does it better than Accel.
Accel ignition components have been known to power various engines for the last 25 years. Accel is recognized for producing top of the line components that undergo excellent engineering and rigid tests.
Accel's product line supplements your Ford Mustang and SVT Lightning engine with more power and torque. The result is a more efficient and smooth performing vehicle.
Accel has introduced numerous innovations for spark plug technology and mechanical techniques.
Shop Accel for your Mustang ignition, distributor, spark plug wires, spark plugs, and fuel injector needs!


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Please Join MLB & UNICEF to Help Haiti ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Dodgers Avoid Arbitration!
Please join Major League Baseball and its 30 Clubs in providing emergency support for children and families affected by the earthquake in Haiti.
Two Ways You Can Help Now:
1. Click here and Donate to UNICEF >>
2. Donate $10 by texting "UNICEF" to 20222 directly from your cell phone.
Messaging rates may apply. Check with your carrier for information.
Watch the Hope for Haiti All-Star Telethon
LIVE Friday, January 22nd, at 8 p.m. ET on MLB Network
Kudos to Ng! You rock!
Everyone of our arbitration cases have been settled!
Here are the deals:
Andre Ethier – 2 years, $15.25m
Jonathan Broxton – 2 years, $11m
Russell Martin – 1 year, $5.05m
George Sherrill – 1 year, $4.5m
Hong-Chih Kuo – 1 year, $0.95m
I felt like
Ok, next a pitcher!
16 Comments
The Dodgers signed there big players to contracts to keep them in the playoff race. Good move by them but i would go out and sign someone, preferably a pitcher to replace Garland.
I see it's still raining out there, but it doesn't seem to have dampened your spirit.
I think Garland is in the horizon for the Dodgers, at least I hope he is.
Biggest rain storm will be today but It rained hard yesterday too. This morning I can see snow in the mountains. It always gets me excited looking at the snow. Yesterday walking to the train station a car got close and splashed me with water. It caught me by surprise! Got to watch those crazy drivers.
Congrats on all the signings, Emma. I know Dodger fans must be relieved that everyone will be back. I made a donation to the Clinton-Bush fund for Haiti. I'm hoping the money helps.
Good moves by the Dodgers holding onto the core of their team, and put themselves right back in the pennant race.
Boy the rain is really coming down here in Chatsworth! God bless you Jane!
We signed Padilla! He behaved last year with us and he pitched well so I like the signing. i don't think he will mess with Joe Torre stirring the ship
Great job by the Dodgers to get everyone back for another playoff chase. By the way, I think Broxton may just have another great year, he is one of the players that I've always thought had some great underrated talents. Nice job to the club for resigning him!
-Fenway Bleacher Creature
Good for you guys that the Dodger signed those two. Such a tragedy in Haiti- God Bless them.
The whole Haiti tragedy is very sad. My thoughts and prayers go out to everyone in Haiti. http://clevelandbaseball.mlblogs.com/
Jonathan Broxton has always been one of my favorite. He is quiet off the field but on the mound he is a fierce competitor.
So Adrian's brother went too Japan?
And Ag23, God bless all that are helping.
This from someone that saw "Katrina":
"Katrina was bad," he said of the 2005 hurricane. "But this was a magnitude at least 100 times worse."
Hi, Emma!
Thanks for your new post and continued sympathy with Haitian people. I've gratefully linked it to mine.
Thank you Nao for keeping this up and spreading the word!
Great pics as usual! I especially dig the George Sherrill I'll eat your children lookin' close up. Haha! He looks so serious. (My mom always brings up Sherrill's big hips when he's pitching btw) Thanks for the donation reminder too. I'm on it!
LOL Jeff! Too funny but you are right ath Sherrill does have that look. Good for him! I want him to intimidate the hitters!
I submitted the info to non baseball friends so that they donate thru their phone. Is easy and it gets charged to their phone bill.
Thank you SO much for spreading the word! Haiti needs as much help as they can get. I am grateful that you took the time to spread the word.
I donate $25🙂
with the number from MLB, you could donate up to three times for $10 each time. It is so easy and it got charged to the cellphone bill. Thanks for your donation!


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The term J2EE is tossed around a lot because it is a generic term that covers many areas of enterprise and distributed development. The J2EE modules and environment continue to grow as a rapid pace, and as many of you have come to learn, in recent years J2EE development has had its trials and tribulations.
For exactly this reason, it is important to take advantage of the most efficient and effective strategies for new development or the refactoring of existing projects. To keep up with the new developments, it is imperative that you aren't wasting time maintaining designs that have poor architecture or code that was poorly written.
This article covers how to use and identify design patterns, specifically for the presentation tier, in J2EE applications. The interest in design patterns has been around for a number of years in the software industry. However, interest among mainstream software developers is a fairly recent development -- and one that's long overdue, in my opinion. There are a number of reasons for this: it takes a highly experienced engineer to recognize a pattern; it requires collaboration; and it requires ongoing refinements. It also requires a sense of fluidity. Design patterns are not absolutes -- they are more expressions of proven solutions. It is up to you, the engineer or architect, to apply a pattern appropriately to your given scenario. This, of course, is easier said than done.
Patterns are not a magic pill. Just because a problem is observed and a pattern applied does not mean that you will have a perfect application -- or solution, for that matter. Patterns are a way of bringing clarity to a system architecture and they allow for the possibility of better systems being built. Building a system that meets the intended business requirements, performs well, is maintainable, and is delivered on time, is what keeps us engineers in business. Patterns have the distinct advantage of helping us do it all quicker.
First of all, let's define what a design pattern is. There are a number of formal definitions, but I prefer a simple approach: a design pattern is simply a description of a recurring solution to a problem, given a context.
Simple enough. The context is the environment, surroundings, situation, or interrelated conditions within which the problem exists. Design patterns have a number of advantages, among which are:
It is a rare instance (although not an impossible one), that a design pattern is used in an isolated fashion. Typically, patterns have relationships and work together to form a weave, in that a pattern can be composed of, or rely on, other patterns. That is why you will see that the more familiar you are with different patterns, the better equipped you are to determine their interactions. Patterns can also form frameworks that can then be used for implementations.
Enterprise systems are built crossing many tiers; this should not be news to anyone reading this article. This discussion is focused on the presentation tier, and primarily covers patterns that can be used with JSP and Servlet technology.
While the patterns listed above might not mean anything to you now, by the time you finish this article, you will understand how using patterns to describe solutions will give you a clear understanding of the problem being discussed, just by the use of the pattern name. Think of the time that will be saved in meetings by just saying, "I think the View Helper can be applied here," instead of droning on about a complete problem description that we've all faced many times.
A couple of words of advice if you are just starting on your pattern odyssey.
If you haven't boned up on UML yet, the time is now. UML is quite commonly used to describe patterns in pattern catalogs, including class diagrams, sequence or interaction diagrams, and stereotypes. I'm not going to go into UML in this article, but I highly recommend getting up to speed on it.
When using patterns, it is important to define a naming convention. It will be much easier to manage a project as it grows and identify exactly what role an object plays by using such naming conventions. For example, if you are using the View Helper or Composite View patterns, you might want to define the naming convention to be
[action]Helper.java or
[action].jsp, respectively; for instance,
CreatePageHelper.java or
Make a list of requirement statements that you will be addressing and then try to identify relevant patterns (once you are familiar with them) that might be applicable. By doing this, you will be amazed at how quickly you will start to recognize appropriate solutions to problems. For example:
Requirement: I need one place of control for handling all requests.
Possible pattern: Front Controller Intercepting Filter.
Requirement: I need a generic command interface for delegating processing from a controller to various helper components.
Possible pattern: Front Controller.
Requirement: I want to make sure data related to my presentation formatting logic is encapsulated correctly.
Possible pattern: View Helper.
Requirement: I need to be able to create one View from a number of sub-Views.
Possible pattern: Composite view.
Related Reading
Java Servlet Programming, 2nd Edition
In this section, we will briefly describe the presentation patterns mentioned so far. Most of these descriptions should invoke an "oh, yeah" response, as you identify situations you have faced during development. For a full pattern description, I highly recommend taking a look at Core J2EE Patterns (Alur, et al, Sun Microsystems Press, ISBN 0-13-064884-1) or "J2EE Blueprints."
The Intercepting Filter intercepts incoming requests and outgoing responses, and applies a filter. Filters may be added and removed in a declarative manner, allowing them to be applied in a variety of combinations. After pre- or post-processing is finished, the final filter in the group passes control to the original target object, typically a Front Controller.
A Front Controller is a container that holds common processing logic that occurs within the presentation tier and that may otherwise be misplaced in a View. A controller handles requests and manages content retrieval, security, view management, navigation, and delegation to a Dispatcher component, which further dispatches to a View.
View Helper encourages the separation of formatting-related code from other business logic. It suggests using Helper components to encapsulate logic relating to initiating content retrieval and validation, as well as adapting and formatting the model. The View component is then left to encapsulate the presentation formatting. Helper components typically delegate to Business Services (a business-tier pattern which we won't be discussing further).
The Composite View composes a View from numerous pieces. Multiple smaller views, which could be either static or dynamic, are pieced together to create a single template.
The Service to Worker and Dispatcher View patterns are a combination of other patterns. They share a common structure with common components, consisting of a controller working with a Dispatcher, Views, and Helpers, but the division of labor is different. The Dispatcher View defers content retrieval and error handling to the time of View processing. This pattern also suggests that the Dispatcher plays a more limited role in the View management, as the choice of the View is typically already included in the request.
You may already be using pattern-like strategies in your development process without even being aware of it. By identifying and becoming familiar with particular patterns, you will see that what might first appear as a problem that requires a roll-your-own solution might be better served by using a defined pattern. Let's explore a sample development scenario using the View Helper pattern and see how this might work.
Our scenario is a system that creates presentation content that requires processing of dynamic business data. This is a fairly common scenario to anyone doing J2EE development. The problem is that it is not uncommon for changes to occur in the presentation tier during the course of development. When business data logic and presentation-formatting logic are mingled together, the system becomes less flexible, harder to maintain, and provides a poor separation of tiers. Most of us -- even me -- are guilty at one point or another of coding Java into our JSPs. We want to avoid this situation.
Enter the View Helper pattern. The solution is to enforce this pattern so that the View contains formatting code, delegating its processing responsibilities to its helper classes. These classes might be implemented in a number of ways, including JavaBeans or custom tags. Helpers also store the View's intermediate data model and serve as business data adapters. It is important not to confuse a solution with its implementation strategy. For example, it's possible to implement this type of solution using a JSP View strategy, which uses a JSP as the View component. While this is a common strategy, it's also possible to take a Servlet View strategy, which uses a Servlet as a view instead. While we all know that a JSP actually becomes a Servlet, the strategy chosen becomes a matter of preference among the teams involved, as well as of the requirements of your project.
We have identified that we will use the View Helper pattern in our project. The class diagram for this pattern is shown in Figure 1.
The class diagram tells us what components we will need to create in order to realize this pattern. Remember the naming conventions we spoke about earlier! (As a side note, if you are working with Rational Rose, there are a number of patterns included in v2002 that allow for the actual classes that need to be realized for a pattern to be generated for you. Depending on the pattern you select, the appropriate classes are created. It's quite convenient.) By using a sequence diagram that represents the View Helper pattern, we are quickly able to see the logic flow.
The View represents and displays information to the client. Dynamic data is required, and the display is retrieved from a model. The helpers are used to support the View by encapsulating and adapting the model for displaying. A Helper is called a ValueBean if it is storing intermediate data from the model needed by the View. How the helper is implemented doesn't really matter; it could be a JavaBean or a custom tag, as we previously discussed. It could also be an XSL transformer, if XSL is being used for converting the model into the appropriate output for a specific client device. The Business Service is the service the client is trying to access -- the Business Service would typically branch off into another pattern specific to handling control and protection of the business service.
By using this pattern, we improve the tier partitioning and maintainability of our application by using helpers, as well as providing JavaBeans, custom tags, or XSL files that could very well be reused on other projects. The View Helper is also a good example of when a pattern is commonly used in conjunction with other patterns.
Take note: this is just the beginning. While this simple sequence diagram is a starting point, you will have to learn how to adapt your system modelling to your own development. Transforming patterns and strategies into an implementation is non-trivial. The more familiar you become with patterns, their strategies, and their implementation, the quicker you will be able to determine what you need for a specific project.
I hope this article has whet your appetite for using patterns in your development process. While this article only touched on presentation-tier patterns, there is a whole slew of patterns for the business and resource tiers that you should also become aware of (if you aren't already). By becoming familiar with patterns, as well as when and how to use them, you will ultimately become a better engineer. You will also find that your development process will improve, because you will more than likely be using tools that help create artifacts of your projects, including use-cases, sequence and class diagrams, and complete UML models of your systems.
For more information on design patterns, see this article, as well as the Core J2EE Patterns book and Sun's "J2EE Patterns" article.
Sue Spielman is an associate editor for ONJava.com, covering JSP and Servlets technologies. She is also President and Senior Consulting Engineer for Switchback Software LLC.
Return to ONJava.com.
Copyright © 2009 O'Reilly Media, Inc.


text: well your wish might come true.. well minus galli at PF. its quite possible the knicks/bobcats are working on a deal that would send David Lee to the Charlotte Bobcats for Raymond Felton. The Bobcats drafted DJ Augustin who they firmly believe will work at the man in Larry Browns system and Lee would be a nice addition. After that look for marbury to be cut or traded or the small possiblity of Craw being moved.


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Let's Leave Carrie Out of It, Shall We?
There is no question: walk-up music is power.
Oh, don't pretend like you haven't thought about what your walk-up music would be. Me? Depends on the mood, but right now it'd be the first few bars of Cats, Van, Bags, or anything by Slayer.
For others, it may be something more tributary. I fondly remember getting out of my seat and dancing every time Eli Marrero came to the plate with his uptempo salsa music blasting the stadium. And how could I forget my first Adam Dunn walk-up? Allen was there with me. We were both in awe by his slow Phil Collins inspired saunter!
But I just plain don't like it when politicians try to adopt songs from pop culture. I didn't like Bill Clinton's use of what was once a great Fleetwood Mac song (mostly because of how it affected Al and Tipper, which subsequently made me throw up in my mouth, a lot) and I am not very fond of the current GOP's outlandish claim to the Carrie Underwood song "Undo It".
Undo what?
Health care?
Hold on a sec…
* * *
Okay, I'm back. I had to go break some s***.
Undo it!?!?!?!? How about you undo the notion that the previous band of politicians wasn't fairly elected to make some big @ssed decisions that we — the friggin PEOPLE — asked them to make.
This whole running a country thing… it isn't a game. It's not something to be taken lightly. So I propose that the new majority spend less time thinking about what they want their walk-up music to be, and more time finding out how to pay for health care; because I think I broke my hand a minute ago breaking some s*** and now I need to go to Urgent Care.
Also, Carrie Underwood is too damn sexy to be associated with… Glenn Beck.
Hate me. I don't care. Just don't hate me 'cuz I'm right.
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Wait, wait, you're demanding substance over style? From politicians in this decade? Jeff, that's downright un-American😉. Bread and circus has become government bailouts, tax credits and reality TV. Keep the people entertained and most folks couldn't care less about substance in politics.
As far as the political walk up music goes, I particularly love it when politicians pick a song where the actual meaning is pure comedic fodder when paired with their particular campaign. Reagan wanted to use Born in the U.S.A. Palin wanted to use Barracuda. Do they not even listen to the lyrics? LOL
– Kristen
Maybe the GOP should do as Rays 1B Dan Johnson does and walk-up to Men Without Hats "Safety Dance". Seems like it will be a firestorm of lyrical preportions no matter what they pick. I am fine with anything trendy, but please can we bury and destroy Journey's "Don't Stop Believing" from evebn being considered until long after we are all…cremated.
My walk-up song would be Loverboys "Loving Every Minute of It". Don hate me cause I can rock it like a hurricane.
Rays Renegade
Known dingus Evan Roberts of WFAN is always going on about his crush on Carrie Underwood.
Uh. Yah.
He has a better chance of flying singlehandedly to the sun and back without a ship.
Kristen — You bring up some excellent points… I think Born in the USA would be particularly hilarious for the likes of the Governator😉
RR — I won't hate ya for that. In fact, I'll give you a standing O!
Have to disagree on the Clintons' use of Fleetwood Mac. I remember when the two couples danced around on the stage in celebration, and for my generation it was like, "Finally the Baby Boomers are taking over from the old guys!"


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At last, Robert has his g-tube! He had to get it re-scheduled for today at 12.30 pm as they needed to put him under a general anesthetic to do it. They tried to do it with him under heavy sedation on Wednesday, but he fought each of their three attempts so, they decided to stop for his safety. It was pretty tough, all I kept thinking was how frightened he must have been to have fought so hard. Then, when I arrived on wednesday for my visit with him, he was his normal inquisitive and cuddle loving self.
Today was such a scary day. It's not the second time he has has a general, he had one to clamp off his PDA when he was much more fragile, but combine a natural worrier with motherhood and surgery and you get the mess I was all morning and early afternoon today.
Seeing the tube was a bit of a shock at first, but seeing him without any tubes or stickies on his face was wonderful and brought it all home to me, why we had agreed to it in the first place. When he came round he was sore, so they gave him some pain medication which worked great. We were able to spend some time holding him, which was good for all three of us. He didn't seem to really notice the tube at all but, was so angry and loud about not being able to have any milk till the morning. Not being able to give him what he wanted was so hard! But despite it all today, he was still the same fiesty little boy he's always been.
Thanks again to you all for your support, , so tired, I'll be off to sleep soon I think.


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Rain, All-Star and Draft Updates
Last night's game against the Marlins was postponed due to rain. The rescheduled date has not been announced, but it may take place in September when the Fish return to Philly. So the Roy Halladay – Josh Johnson rematch will take place tonight instead; game time is 7:05pm.
All-Star Update
Likely due to the recent offensive slump, many Phillies are falling out of the All-Star race. Chase Utley and Placido Polanco are still in first place at their positions, but others will need some extra help.
MLB is trying something new this year where you can "campaign" for your favorite players. I made a campaign for each of the Phillies on the ballot. You supposedly earn "points" every time someone votes for your player through a special link. Then you move up through the ranks from a volunteer to a coordinator to a manager, etc…
They are not giving prizes or anything other than the satisfaction of knowing you helped out. So, let's think of this as an interesting experiment…click on one of the links and cast your votes. I will give periodic updates as to how many "points" we are accruing and see if it really makes a difference. Remember you can vote up to 25 times a day, per email address. Have fun!
Chase Utley Ryan Howard Raul Ibanez Placido Polanco
Carlos Ruiz Jayson Werth Shane Victorino Jimmy Rollins
Draft Update
The Phillies have reportedly agreed to terms with Philly-local and first round draft pick, left-handed pitcher Jesse Biddle. The specific terms have not been announced, but it is safe to say he will be in Phils farm system instead of going off to college.
Here are the rest of the draft results:
2nd round – RHP Perci Garner, Ball State
3rd round – Catcher Cameron Rupp, University of Texas
4th round – LHP Tennessee Volunteer Bryan Morgado
5th round – RHP Scott Frazier, Upland High School
*Read more about the Phillies at my other home page, Phightin' Phils Phorum in the My Team Rivals network*
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haha Jen. I want to see Dodger Blue in the Angel outfield! And that would be Andre Ethier! I saw that All-Star campaign for your favorite player last night.
Hey I am volunteering for the fan-fest.
Perci Garner I think signed yesterday, he's impressive for his age and if you hear the story of how he got into baseball instead of football, it's also pretty amazing he was in the draft, I hope he's going to be one of those under-rated kids that's going to blow you away when he gets comfortable with his surroundings. Also glad to see you spelled his first name right, seems MLB have to have a 'y' on the end of his name…LOL
tonight I hope we carry some momentum and hit some behind Halladay…
Phillies Outside
I've been very tardy in my All Star voting this year, so thanks for the reminder!
Thanks for the prompt. I did my thing and voted.


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There's quite a few benefits clubs like Fev get from the RFL that are "to the detriment of the competition's integrity" in my opinion (and that of some club's chairmen). So if we're on about clubs being treated fairly, regardless of location, then it's time some supporters looked a bit closer to home.
Im comfotable looking as close to home as you wish. Let me know what you're thinking of and ill give you an honest opinion.


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Chiefs to hold sign-ups
STEUBENVILLE – Indian Creek Chiefs cheering will hold registration for ages 7-12 from 5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. Tuesday and from noon to 3 p.m. April 7 in front of Hibbett Sports. The cost is $30. Each person is to bring a copy their birth certificate.
For information, contact Suzanne Allen at (740) 632-2114.
Big Red boosters to hold meeting
STEUBENVILLE – The Big Red Boosters Club will meet on Monday at the high school conference following the end of the Big Red-John Marshall baseball game. All are welcome. Memberships are available.
Hunt to speak at FUS
STEUBENVILLE – Lamar Hunt Jr., NFL team owner and son of American sports pioneer Lamar Hunt, will speak at Franciscan University of Steubenville at 2 p.m. Thursday in the International Room of the J.C. Williams Center to give his personal testimony and speak about his conversion to Catholicism.
Hunt Jr. is part of the family of ownership of the Kansas City Chiefs, and of the MLS franchises FC Dallas and The Columbus Crew, as well a minority share of the Chicago Bulls.
His speech, "My Father, My Life. Making Peace", covers his conversion 20 years ago and how God's healing helped him work through problems within his family as well as other issues.
Hunt Jr.'s father, Lamar Hunt, was one of the most influential investors in American professional athletics, starting with his founding of the American Football League and the Kansas City Chiefs in 1959. Hunt Sr. was a critical part of the merger between the AFL and the NFL and coined the phrase "Super Bowl" in 1966.
Youth football to hold sign-ups
WEIRTON – The Weirton Steelers will hold sign-ups from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. April 13, 14, 20 and 21 at the Millsop Community Center. The cost is $65 for one child, $125 for two children in the same family and $200 with three or more children.
For information, contact Heidi Brown at (304) 670-4986 or send an e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com.
Tigers to hold sign-ups
STEUBENVILLES – The Steubenville Tigers will hold football sign-ups for players ages 6-13 from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Saturday 6 at the Martin Luther King Recreation Center and from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. April 13 at the Greater Zion Temple Church.
For information, contact Melvin Creech at (740) 792-0360 or at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Church softball needs teams
STEUBENVILLE – The Tri-County Church Softball League is in need of teams and is looking for new participants.
For information, contact Mark Reiner at (740) 282-2059 or Orion Bengier at (740) 461-9011. Please call after 5 p.m.
Deadline to register is April 14.


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Lotus Ombre Long Necklace
Style: 570090518
Out of Stock
Long necklace colorblocked in sparkling, shimmering beads of Lotus teal and iridescent metallic grey brings another dimension to fall color.
- 54"-56" with extender.
- Lobster claw clasp.
- Sautoir length is long enough to double or knot.
- Glass and acrylic beads. Polished rhodium-finish metal.
- Custom designed exclusively for WHBM. Handcrafted with nickel-free and lead-free metal.
Read more… Read less…


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Matthew Jacko says 'laughter is the best thing in the whole wide world.' He's spreading the news to other kids at Pittsburgh's Children's Hospital.
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Another week is in the books for the NFL and fantasy football, and we're already anticipating whom we need to start for this week's matchups.
We lose some players to bye weeks this time out, with Carolina and Green Bay taking an early break. So we'll keep that in mind.
First, let's revisit last week's article and see what advice worked and what didn't.
In this case, I didn't count Daryl Richardson or Chris Ivory as hits despite warning you that Ivory gets hurt a lot. Injuries can't be mistaken for bad performances, though; they're simply bad luck.
Roddy White: 2 catches, 16 yards (4 targets)
Eli Manning: 119 yards passing, 1 INT
Greg Olsen: 4 catches, 54 yards (8 targets)
Greg Jennings: 3 catches, 43 yards (6 targets)
Ryan Tannehill: 236 yards passing, 2 TD, 1 INT
Daryl Richardson: Hurt on first play of game
Chris Ivory: 5 yards (injured hamstring)
Steve Johnson: 6 catches, 86 yards (13 targets)


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Today is your last chance to get select Fueled By Ramen t-shirts for $5! In case you haven't heard, some of these styles are going away permanently and likely will not be available again online. Click HERE to check out all the shirts on sale! You can use the 'On Sale' filter in The Fueled By Ramen Webstore to view all items on sale!
|January 10, 2012
|January 10, 2012
Sierra of VersaEmerge shares a few albums that changed her life for Alter The Press. Click HERE to see which albums made her list and why!
"I listened to this album non-stop, along with the self-titled, all through middle school. I grew up on the beach and it was always the perfect sound track to my summer and very warm winters."
|January 10, 2012
We've spent the last three years trying to out do ourselves. We've toured around the world, made friends, and written tons of songs along the way. For us as individuals, 2011 was a year full of joy and sadness, highs and lows. We were able to see things that most kids our age never get to see. Now, a new year is upon us, and though it's only one more page flipped on the ol' calendar, we like to think that it means more than that. We're saying goodbye to last year and welcoming 2012 with open arms. It's only a few days in, but we already know this year is going to be special for A Rocket to the Moon.
We're starting the year in one of our favorite cities (Nashville!), where we'll be recording our second album with legendary producer Mark Bright. We are excited, and we hope you are, too.
|January 10, 2012
|January 10, 2012
You can now go behind the scenes of Fun.'s new music video for 'We Are Young' thanks to Complex! Watch the exclusive premiere of the video HERE to see what happened on the set of the video in Los Angeles.
For a very limited time, you can download the final video for FREE exclusively on iTunes - click HERE to get it now!
|January 09, 2012
Members of Paramore's Singles Club have access to an awesome selection of t-shirts inspired by the three new songs released through the club. Four of the designs are exclusive to Singles Club members while three of them are available to everyone.
Click HERE to check them all out and join the Singles Club today!
|January 09, 2012
|January 09, 2012
A Rocket To The Moon just announced the dates for their upcoming Philippines tour with Forever The Sickest Kids, The Ready Set and The Summer Set next month:
2.16 Muntinlupa City, Philippines @ Alabang Town Center
2.17 Manila, Philippines @ Ayala Mall Greenbelt
2.18 Quezon City, Philippines @ Trinoma Mall
2.19 Bonifacio Global City, Philippines @ Market! Market!
|January 09, 2012
Click HERE to check out a gallery of photos from the set of Fun.'s new music video for 'We Are Young' featuring Janelle Monáe. The "making of" video will premiere tomorrow!
photo by Lindsey Byrnes
|January 09, 2012
Here is Part 5 of This Providence's trip to Australia for the Counter Revolution tour with Panic! At The Disco, All Time Low, Yellowcard, Story Of The Year and others. Visit thisprovidence.com for more!


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Imagine if you could gas up your vehicle for free, and for the rest of your life. A new product to help you do that made its world debut Friday at the International Auto Show at the Hawaii Convention Center.
Most people are familiar with electric vehicles and a photovoltaic system, but experts say many Americans do not know how the vehicles connect to their home to power up and how much it would all cost.
"We combine it, all at the same time," said Alex Tiller, founder and CEO of Autowatts. "We make it easy so you can understand what it's going to cost you to own the car and power the car."
Autowatts is a startup company from Colorado that decided to unveil its product in a place ideal for EVs.
"Hawaii is to the electric vehicle what Napa is to the grape," said Hawaii Automobile Dealers' Association Executive Director David Rolf. "Perfect conditions. I mean, short commutes, perfect temperatures and good public policy."
The product helps run calculations so consumers and dealers can see what it would cost to buy and power an EV and understand its value, along with additional savings with a solar power.
If you spend $50 a week on gas, Tiller said that in three to four years, you would have enough to buy a home photovoltaic system that could also power your car.
"You rearrange the money," Tiller said. "You take the money from gasoline and you lower it, because you're now using electricity and solar. And then you take that leftover and you use that to pay for the car and it really frees up a lot of money. And then, within a few years that actually pays itself off and you drive for free."
For more information, visit www.autowatts.com.


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St. Philip's Episcopal School would like to thank Police Chief Treviño for allowing the Beeville Police Department to assist with our bicycle rodeo. A special thank you to Detective Art Gamez for providing safety instruction along with the bicycle inspections. We would also like to thank the many parents and volunteers who helped to make the St. Philip's Bicycle Rodeo and field day a great success. The students at St. Philip's appreciate your time. Thank you.
Carol Reagan,
Head of School


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Press release - AB Volvo
The Volvo Group's first quarter of 2013 was characterized by low sales volumes and low capacity utilization, while we continued to keep a high pace in the work to develop and launch new products. Net sales for the first quarter declined 25% to SEK 58.3 billion, primarily as a result of the weak order intake in late 2012. The sales volumes were the lowest since the financial crisis and were on the level of the first quarter of 2009. Then, the Volvo Group reported a loss of SEK 4.5 billion, compared with a profit of SEK 0.5 billion for the first quarter this year.
• In the first quarter, net sales decreased by 25% to SEK 58.3 billion (77.8). Adjusted for currency movements and acquired and divested units, net sales decreased by 17%.
• The first quarter operating income amounted to SEK 482 M (6,240).
• Operating margin in the first quarter was 0.8% (8.0).
• In the first quarter, diluted earnings per share were a negative SEK 0.15 (positive SEK 1.99).
• In the first quarter, operating cash flow in the Industrial Operations was negative in an amount of SEK 7.6 billion (negative SEK 4.9 billion).
• Truck order intake increased by 30% compared to the fourth quarter of 2012.
"Despite uncertainty in the global economy, order intake has improved and we have many new, competitive products on their way to the market. That being said, the second quarter of 2013 will pose a challenge for us and our suppliers, with respect to the changeover to new products and the ramp-up of the industrial system to higher volumes. At the same time, we are focusing on our strategy with all the important measures aimed at improving the overall profitability for the Volvo Group." Olof Persson, President and CEO.
Find the full report under interim reports or access a mobile version of the report.
April 25, 2013
Contacts Investor Relations:
Christer Johansson, +46 31 66 13 34
Patrik Stenberg, +46 31 66 13 36
Anders Christensson, +46 31 66 11 91
John Hartwell, +1 201 252 8844


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And then there were three!
As American Idol's Haley Reinhart, Scotty McCreery and Lauren Alaina learn which two singers will make it to next week's finale Thursday, Us Weekly caught up with the finalists for our 25 Things You Don't Know About Me feature. Read on to find out which contestant has a thing for Egyptian cotton sheets, which of the girls is boy-crazy, and which singer can say they're a hula-hoop champ.Story: Drama! 'Idol' is unpredictably shocking this year
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Autistic ballerina dances her way into hearts
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- Autistic ballerina dances her way into hearts
1. I've written poetry since I was 8 and have even competed in poetry slams.
2. Helping people is one of my callings. I'm keen on advice and comforting!
3. My German shepherd-husky, Jango, is named after the famous jazz guitarist.
4. I love floral, vintage and funky patterns.
5. My folks have been in the band Midnight for more than 30 years. That's how they met.
VIDEO: Haley jams with her dad on Idol
6. I write my own songs.
7. I feel like I should have been a teen in the '60s, born in 1945.
8. I grew up on Mexican food. Favorites: carne aside and guacamole.
9. Improv is a passion.
10. I'll try any kind of food. I like to experiment.
11. I'm a big White Sox fan.
12. I'm a hula-hoop champ.
13. I believe in the supernatural.
14. I love milk.
15. My favorite color is deep red.
16. I'm not too hip on technology.
17. People say I have an old soul.
18. I need sunshine in my life and sweet romance.
PHOTOS: Love lives of Idol stars
19. My favorite movie since I was a kid is Now and Then.
20. One day I hope to own a spider monkey.
21. My little sis, Angela, is 15 but looks older than me.
22. I've sung in Switzerland and Italy.
NEWS: Casey Abrams tells Us why Haley should win Idol
23. I found my love for jazz in a high school vocal group, Midnight Blues.
24. I'm Italian, German and Irish.
25. I've done plays, musicals and skits all my life.
1. I've played baseball since I was 5 years old.
2. My voice was pretty high until I was 13 or 14.
3. The first concert I went to was James Taylor.
4. Bacon cheeseburgers with lettuce and tomato. No onion, please.
5. I played soccer for one year. I was bad.
6. My dad went to North Carolina State and my mom UNC. We have a split family!
7. I do love a good Bo-Berry Biscuit from Bojangles'.
8. Every Sunday after church, my family goes out for Mexican.
9. My policy was "short hair, don't care" until I grew it out for Idol.
10. I don't like to put a lid on cups I drink out of. No straw, either.
11. "I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me!" Philippians 4:13
12. My first job was at a car shop, changing oil and tires.
PHOTOS: Stars' funny first jobs
13. I drink coffee every morning before school.
14. The only Southern food I don't like is grits.
15. I love my Egyptian cotton bedsheets.
16. I've been to 11 MLB games.
17. I'm addicted to cookies.
18. I love looking at the stars in the night sky.
19. I used to have bangs covering my whole forehead.
20. I've lived in six different places in the last four months.
21. My favorite cereals are Lucky Charms and Cap'n Crunch!
22. My youth praise band was called Audience of One.
23. I'm a huge New England fan: Red Sox, Patriots and Celtics. I still love my Carolina Hurricanes, though.
24. I love broccoli…with cheese.
25. My name was going to be Evan, but my parents decided to call me Scotty on the way to the hospital.
LAUREN ALAINAStory: Vote: Rate the 'Idol' performances
1. I have a turtle named Squirt.
2. I sleep with my head under the covers.
3. I love children.
4. I was a huge tomboy growing up.
5. My favorite dessert is Cheesecake!
6. I have the best older brother [Tyler, 17] any girl could ask for.
PHOTOS: Celebs and their siblings
7. I don't like people to sit on my bed after it's made.
8. Before American Idol I was a varsity cheerleader.
9. I can cross one eye at a time.
10. I like taking pictures while making crazy faces.
11. I don't like odd numbers.
12. In college football, I pull for Alabama.
13. I love being outdoors fishing!
14. I make really good grades.
15. I'm boy crazy.
16. I always lose my phone.
17. I have a godson and goddaughter.
18. I love scary movies like The Crazies and The Messengers.
19. Sweats are my favorite outfit.
20. I change my hair color a lot!
21. My favorite color is baby blue.
22. I'm extremely superstitious.
23. I like to prove my point.
24. I love pizza but I only eat the toppings.
25. I have a special calling and would like to work with children with special needs.
The final American Idol performance show airs on Fox May 24 at 8 p.m., with the winner announced May 25, also at 8.
Get more Us! Follow us on Twitter, Friend us on Facebook, Subscribe to Us Weekly
Copyright 2012 Us Weekly


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Events » Adult Education Classes » Afternoon Salon
Afternoon Salon
Peasant Girl with a Scarf, c. 1849
Gustave Courbet
French, 1819–1877
Oil on canvas
23-5/8 x 28-3/4 in. (60 x 73 cm)
Norton Simon Art Foundation
Social Conscience: Goya and the 19th Century
Date: Sunday, January 12, 2014
Time: 1:00 pm - 2:00 pm
Speaker: Staff Educator
Type: Afternoon Salon
Known as both the "last Old Master" and the "first modern artist," Goya occupies a singular place in the history of art. Consider the genius of Goya by examining the brilliance of his paintings and the critical nature of his prints. Then discuss how Goya influenced 19th-century artists by looking at works by Courbet and Manet.
Meets in Entrance Gallery | The program is free with admission and limited to 20 participants. | Please sign up at the Information Desk no later than 15 minutes prior to each session.


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Written by LeKiwi on 11.12.2012 at 13:02
I think if the vocalist had access to a more dynamic range of vocal techniques heard from bands such as Leprous, Scar Symmetry, Textures, or the like, it would surely compliment the music to a greater degree and compensate for its accessibly . That being said, the singer proficiently covers the domain of his vocal style. Barring the saccharin harmonies, a decent metalcore release.
Written by Susan on 13.12.2012 at 00:38
If you guys don't like this that's cool. I'm not offended or anything... I'll just be over in the corner... sulking...
Just kidding I guess that just means more Vanisher for me and I don't have to share now?


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"I listen to Catholic Answers Live via the internet all the time. Your show is truly edifying! You always present our great Catholic Faith in a clear and concise manner. Indeed, you speak the truth in love. Thank you for all that you do. Keep fighting the good fight!"
~ Matt, Toronto, Canada
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"No one in his right mind gives up piety for impiety."
~ Justin Martyr, apologist, Saint; in answer to the Prefect Rusticus who had demanded sacrifice to the Roman gods; from the trial transcript by Tatian (A.D. 165).


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About this set: This collector is going for the PSA 8 set. He has 356 8's or better so far, 22 graded less with the rest(30) missing. Please e-mail me if you have cards I need.
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Things that go bump in the night
Things that go bump in the night
January 21, 1998: Centaurus X-3 has been acting up, but until recently, no one knew about it.
"Since 1991, we've been watching it, day by day," said Dr. Mark Finger of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center. Previous observations of Cen X-3 showed its spin rate was slowly but steadily increasing. Finger expected that he would see pretty much the same thing when a new instrument made continuous observations possible.
Right: An artist's concept of a star feeding matter to an accreting pulsar.
"Instead, what we find is a very strange behavior where the frequency gets faster at a constant rate, then gets slower at a constant rate," Finger said. "And it's not correlated to anything else we've observed."
Other stars like Cen X-3 - accreting pulsars - have been acting strangely, too. The spin rate for 4U 1626-67 was increasing smoothly, then took a dive. 2S 1417-634 rose like a rocket, and GS 0834-430 sputtered on and off and ever upward.
Strange science
What's going on is some strange physics that will keep scientists busy for a while.
Finger, Dr. Robert Wilson, also of NASA/Marshall, and several other scientists recently published their findings from watching accreting pulsars with the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE), launched aboard the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (right) in 1991.
While BATSE was designed to watch for bursts of gamma ray - radiation with more energy than X-rays - it observes anything that releases enough energy in the 20 to 70 keV range (visible light has an energy of about 1 eV). BATSE sees anything brighter than 15 millicrabs (15/1000ths the brightness of the Crab Nebula). Special computer codes let BATSE scientists extract the true signatures of bursts. They also can extract information from a number of non-burst sources, including pulsars and even terrestrial thunderstorms.
Radio astronomers discovered pulsars - pulsating stars - in 1967. They were stunned by the clocklike regularity of the objects. That's what makes BATSE's pulsar observations so unusual.
"Radio pulsars tend to be regular," Wilson said. "Accretion pulsars are much more complicated."
The emissions from radio pulsars are powered by the star winding down from the drag of their magnetic fields. Accretion-powered pulsars are driven by mass transferred from their larger stellar companions which continue to evolve and change.
Non-standard timers
While you can almost use the Crab Nebula and other pulsars as a time standard (it is used as a brightness standard), the accreting pulsars observed by BATSE behave like cheap alarm clocks, gaining and losing time. While most of the data graphs hint at a pattern, no one can yet figure the inner workings to see what sets the patterns.
A pulsar is the collapsed core of a star that has exploded. The violence of the blast overcomes the natural repulsion between atomic particles and squeezes out all of the empty space. What's left is called degenerate matter, neutrons jam packed into a superdense fluid with a crystal-like neutron crust.
The pulsar retains the star's magnetic field (right; from NASA/Goddard) which now is more intense - about a trillion times stronger than that of Earth - because it has the mass on the sun crammed into a volume about 20 km (12 miles) in diameter. The surface gravity also is equally intense, and anything that hits gives off an incredible flash of energy, usually from the magnetic poles where the magnetic field lines emerge from the surface.
(The Earth's magnetic field generating the aurora borealis is basically the same mechanism, but far weaker.)
As a neutron star rapidly rotates, the hot spot at the magnetic pole shines like a lighthouse (check out our pulsar tutorial!) giving off everything from radio waves to visible light to X-rays. Accretion-powered pulsars rotate too slowly for this to happen. Material falling onto the the tiny collapsed object can give enough energy as it falls into the deep gravitational well of the neutron star and interacts with the magnetic field lines, matter already crowding the polar region, and then the star itself.
Now the story gets complicated. Before BATSE, observations with other instruments indicated that accreting pulsars were not as regular as radio pulsars, but the phenomenon was not widely known: the data were spotty, with just a few hours of observations here and there across two decades. As telescopes became more powerful, no one could afford to dedicate months or even weeks to observe one object. Most astronomical studies are snapshots compared to the long, complex lives of astronomical bodies.
Everybody do the twist (or anti-twist)
A good example of the unexpected behavior is Cen X-3, the third X-ray source found in the constellation Centaurus and one of the most studied X-ray pulsars before BATSE became available. It is a binary system with an orbital period of 2 days and accompanied by a visible companion called Cen V779.
Slight changes in Cen X-3's rotational period of 4.82 seconds (12.4 rpm) are caused by Cen V779 dropping matter onto Cen X-3. The challenging part is that Cen X-3 doesn't just spin up. It also spins down. That means that the pulsar is subjected to negative torque, or a twisting force against its spin.
"The amount of angular momentum that gets transported to the pulsar depends on a lot of physics that people don't understand," Finger said.
Wilson added that, "It should lead to a new understanding of these systems, but the results are just too new."
Right, an enlarged view of how an accreting pulsar might look to a nearby telescope. (Courtesy Dr. Malcolm Coe, University of Southampton, U.K.)
Several models have been suggested and none have been accepted. One was that the accretion disk - the collection of gas flowing outward from Cen V779 (right) - collapses onto Cen X-3, then reforms in the opposite direction. Another tries to work out what happens when materials are simply orbiting the pulsar and then run into the effects of the magnetic field lines which sweep around space every 4.8 seconds in time with the pulsar. If the matter is going too slow, the magnetic field can propel the gases into space, and the star loses some speed.
More mysteries
Another mystery is 4U 1626-67 (the numbers refer to the fourth source catalog of the Uhuru satellite, and the location in the sky) whose spin rate was steadily rising for all of the last 15 years. Since the start of the BATSE observations, it has declined.
"This demonstrates the danger of extrapolating data," Wilson said.
"It's strange because it's frequency changes are very smooth and regular," Finger said, "almost like a radio pulsar. Yet you had this switch." The system is small, with the pulsar spinning every 7.7 seconds and its companion, a lightweight dwarf called KZ TrA, orbiting every 41 minutes.
"The system is so small that it's hard to understand how it has this incredible long-term memory and then just changes," Finger wondered.
|This plot summarizes all outbursts of transient pulsed sources seen by BATSE since launch of the CGRO (using optimal analysis techniques and longer observation intervals than 1 day where necessary, not directly obtained from standard daily Monitor).
In total, Finger, Wilson, and others have observed 15 of 39 known accreting pulsars with BATSE data, and discovered another 5 for a total of 44 in the astrophysicists' bestiary.
The data set is unique because it is the first long-term set of observations of these stars. It will help astronomers in figuring out exactly what goes on in accreting pulsars, including the important question of how viscous (or, thick) is the plasma in the accretion disk as it swirls around the pulsar and then funnels down the magnetic field lines to the poles.
"This paper is causing a renaissance in the study of these systems," Finger said. "We think it's had a tremendous impact in the study of these systems."
Observations of Accreting Pulsars. Lars Bildstein
(University of California at Berkeley), et al. The
Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 113: 367-408, December
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Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Health
One of the goals of the New York State Department of health is to eliminate disparities in health care access by increasing the availability and quality of health care services for New York's underserved populations.
The AIDS Institute has a long and unprecedented history of dedicating resources specifically for LGBT New Yorkers. In 1994, the AIDS Institute developed the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) HIV Prevention Initiative. This initiative supports the provision of effective behavior-based HIV prevention interventions and HIV-related supportive services - including alcohol, substance use and mental health counseling - that address the needs to gay men/men who have sex with men (MSM), lesbians/women who have sex with women (WSW), persons who have sex with multiple genders, and transgender individuals.
In 2008, in a cooperative effort with NYSDOH Center for Community Health and the LGBT Health and Human Services Network, the AIDS Institute developed the LGBT Health and Human Services Unit in an effort to address the non-HIV related health disparities of LGBT persons in NYS. This initiative supports improved access to health care and supportive services, improving health outcomes and quality of life for LGBT individuals, capacity building and increasing community awareness of the health and human service needs of LGBT communities across New York State.
LGBT Resources
- Ten Things Gay Men Should Discuss with Their Health Care Providers
- Ten Things Lesbians Should Discuss with Their Health Care Providers
- Ten Things Transgender Persons Should Discuss with Their Health Care Providers
- Transgender Basics
- Guidelines for Care of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Patients
LGBT Health & Human Services Websites
- The New York State Health & Human Services Network
- CDC LBGT Health page
- National LGBT Health Education Center
- National Coalition for LGBT Health
- The Center of Excellence for Transgender Health
- Lesbian Health and Research Center
- National LGBT Cancer Network
- Gay & Lesbian Medical Association
- Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network (GLSEN)
- The Trevor Project
- Parents, Families and Friends of Lesbians and Gays (PFLAG)
- Mautner Project - The National Lesbian Health Organization
Recommendations & Research on LGBT Health
- LGBT Health & Human Service Needs in New York State
- The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People: Building a Foundation for Better Understanding
- Advancing Effective Communication, Cultural Competence, and Patient-and Family-Centered Care for the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Community A Field Guide
- Healthy People 2020 LGBT Health
- Healthy People 2010 Companion Document for LGBT Health
- Injustice at Every Turn: A Report of the National Transgender Discrimination Survey
- Sexual Identity, Sex of Sexual Contacts, and Health-Risk Behaviors Among Students in Grades 9-12 - Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance, Selected Sites, United States, 2001-2009 CDC/HHS
- HIV Risk for Lesbians, Bisexuals & Other Women Who Have Sex with Women
- NGLTF Bisexual Health Introduction and Model Practices for HIV/STI Prevention Programming
- Fabulous Attitude: Low Income LGBTGNC People Surviving & Thriving on Love, Knowledge & Shelter
- All Our Children: Strategies to Prevent Homelessness, Strengthen Services and Build Support for LGBTQ Youth


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Buffalo Chicken Tacos
Spice up your weekend with this zesty and satisfying meal, sure to be a crowd pleaser!
Buffalo Chicken Tacos adapted from How Sweet It Is
1 1/2 lbs boneless, skinless chicken breasts, cut into small pieces
3 Tbsp cornstarch
1/3 cup whole wheat flour
1 tsp garlic powder
large pinch of cayenne peppe
ground black pepper, to taste
1/3 cup buffalo wing sauce (I used Frank's Buffalo Wing) + 4 Tbsp, for drizzling
1 Tbsp olive oil
10 6-8″ flour tortillas
1 avocado, diced
4 oz blue cheese crumbles or gorgonzola
2 cups shredded lettuce
1 large tomato, diced
4 scallions, sliced
chopped cilantro
ranch dressing for drizzling (optional)
- Heat a skillet over medium-high heat.
- In a large bowl, combine cornstarch, flour, cayenne, and garlic powder. Season the chicken pieces with pepper, then dredge in the flour mixture.
- Add 1 tablespoon of olive oil to the skillet and once it gets hot, add chicken and brown on both sides – about 3-4 minutes per side. Once the chicken is done, set it aside in a bowl and toss with 1/3 cup buffalo wing sauce.
- Assemble 10 tacos, dividing the toppings evenly among each taco. Yield: 5 servings, 2 tacos each.
Nutrition Information (per serving): 474 calories; 18 g. fat; 86 mg. cholesterol; 1112 mg. sodium; 38 g. carbohydrate; 6.6 g. fiber; 41.2 g. protein


text: Ferris State University does not tolerate sexual assault in any form, including what is often labeled, "acquaintance rape", or "date rape". Student and Employee Dignity Policies demand all University community members to act with dignity and treat each other with respect. Sexual assault is a violation of the dignity and respect policies, as well as other policies and criminal law, and the University will strongly pursue disciplinary action and sanctions against all employee and student perpetrators, up to and including termination of employment or dismissal from the University. For more information, click here.


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Potential Celtics Free Agent Targets The Boston Celtics have just four players signed for the 2012-13 NBA season, meaning Danny Ainge will be busy this summer. Kevin Garnett, and Ray Allen highlight the Celtics' own free agents, but here is a look at a few free agents the Boston could target this summer. (Photo by Steve Babineau/NBAE via Getty Images)
C Roy Hibbert Hibbert is a restricted free agent, meaning the Pacers can match any deal, but the Celtics are expected to make a big run at the 25-year-old center. Hibbert set new career highs in 2012, averaging 12.8 points and 8.8 rebounds. The Georgetown product has rounded into one of the best centers in the NBA, and would be a huge pickup for Boston. (Photo by Jonathan Daniel/Getty Images)
G Jason Terry Terry would fill the veteran shooter roll off the bench perfectly. Terry averaged 15.1 points off the bench for the Mavs last season, shooting 43-percent from the field and 38-percent from three-point range. UPDATE: Terry has signed a three-year deal with Boston. (Photo by Ronald Martinez/Getty Images)
G OJ Mayo Nearly acquired by Boston at the trade deadline for Ray Allen, Mayo will surely be high on Danny Ainge's wish list this summer. However, Mayo has made it known he wants more than a mid-level exception, and he'll likely get more money from someone. (Photo by Joe Murphy/NBAE via Getty Images)
F Jason Thompson If the Celtics want to get young, Thompson would be a great start. A restricted free agent from the Sacramento Kings, the 25-year-old center averaged 9.1 points and 6.9 rebounds in 2012. His numbers have tailed off over his brief four-year career, but a change of scenery could do wonders for him. (Photo by Rocky Widner/NBAE via Getty Images)
G Danny Green 24-year-old point guard Danny Green will be a heavily sought-after free agent this summer after a great season for the Spurs. Green averaged 9.1 points while shooting 44-percent in 66 games, including 38 starts. He is also a very effective rebounder for his size, and would be a perfect role player for Boston off the bench. (Photo by Brett Deering/Getty Images)
F Kris Humphries Although he is more popular for whom he was briefly married to, Humphries could absolutely help the Celtics on the boards. Humphries started 62 games for the Nets last season, averaging 13.8 points and 11 rebounds per game. He had 16 games of 15+ rebounds, but may be a little pricey for Boston after making $8 million in 2012. (Photo by Jesse D. Garrabrant/NBAE via Getty Images)
C Brook Lopez Another marquee center that is a restricted free agent this summer, Lopez would be a big impact pickup for Boston. A great offensive player, Lopez needs to improve his rebounding and stay healthy. He played in just five games in 2012 after suffering foot and ankle injuries, and will likely rejoin the newly minted Brooklyn Nets at a discount. (Photo by Brian Babineau/NBAE via Getty Images)
F Steve Novak If the Celtics need some three-point shooting, Steve Novak could be their man. He made just $1 million with the Knicks in 2012, but led the NBA shooting 47-percent from three-point land. But, that is pretty much all he does as 133 of his 161 field goals were from long distance. (Photo by Nathaniel S. Butler/NBAE via Getty Images)
G Andre Miller The 12-year veteran guard made $7.8 million for the Nuggets in 2012, coming off the bench in all but seven of the 66 games. He averaged 9.7 points and 6.7 assists per game, and could be a solid veteran backup should the Celtics need to replace Ray Allen and Keyon Dooling. (Photo by Noah Graham/NBAE via Getty Images)
G Courtney Lee Should the Celtics need another shooting guard, Courtney Lee would help them both on offense and defense. A restricted free agent, Houston would be able to match any offer Lee gets, but his price tag won't be all that high after making $2.2 million in 2012. Lee averaged 11.4 points while shooting 43-percent from the floor. (Photo by Rocky Widner/NBAE via Getty Images)
C Marcus Camby A savvy veteran center, Camby would give the Celtics some much needed size off the bench. The defensive guru averaged nine rebounds a game between the Portland Trail Blazers and Houston Rockets, and proved he still has plenty left at 38-years-old. (Photo by Bill Baptist/NBAE via Getty Images)
F/C Reggie Evans If the Celtics want rebounding, Reggie Evans is their man. He is a rugged, and sometimes dirty, rebounder and defender, and would fit in nicely with the Celtics' defensive mentality. Evans is very limited on offense (we'll come out and say it, he has NO offense), but is one of those players you love to have on your team, but hate playing against him. (Photo by Stephen Dunn/Getty Images)
F Jason Maxiell Maxiell could give the Celtic some size and defense off the bench, but has a $5 million player option to return to Detroit. A great player in the paint, Maxiell averaged 5.1 rebounds and nearly a block a game in 2012. He also runs the floor very well, and could be the recipient of a few Rondo alley oops should he joined Boston. (Photo by J. Dennis/Einstein/NBAE via Getty Images)
F Louis Amundson An energy guy (think Leon Powe), Amundson wouldn't be a bad option to help the Celtics hit the boards off the bench. He played 60 games for the Pacers in 2012, averaging 3.6 points and 3.7 rebounds in 12.6 minutes. (Photo by Nathaniel S. Butler/NBAE via Getty Images)
F Ersan Ilyasova Ilyasova finds his way on the list only because he's been a thorn in the C's side whenever they play Milwaukee. Ilyasova averaged 13 points off 49-percent shooting to go with 8.8 rebounds per game for the Bucks in 2012, all career highs. (Photo by Gary Dineen/NBAE via Getty Images)
F DJ White Another impressive young player, DJ White is a restricted free agent the C's might take a look at. White averaged 6.8 points and 3.6 rebounds off the bench for the Bobcats, playing a career-high 18.9 minutes per game. At 6-9, 235 lbs., White could be a big body off the bench for Boston. (Photo by Kent Smith/NBAE via Getty Images)
F Dahntay Jones Jones has a player option for $2.9 million with the Pacers, but would be a nice fit off the bench for Boston. A solid defender and rebounder, the eight-year veteran would be a great role player for the team that originally drafted him in 2003 (before shipping him with Troy Bell to Memphis for Marcus Banks and Kendrick Perkins). (Photo by Issac Baldizon/NBAE via Getty Images)
G/F Nick Young When the LA Clippers did not acquire Ray Allen at the deadline, they swung a deal for swingman Nick Young. The 6-7 forward had an up-and-down season between the Wizards and Clippers, averaging 14.2 points, but didn't do much else; he averaged just 2.1 rebounds and less than assist per game. He made $3.7 million in 2012, and could be a decent backup for Paul Pierce if Jeff Green is not brought back. (Photo by Noah Graham/NBAE via Getty Images)
G Goran Dragic The three-year veteran made $2.1 million last season for the Rockets, and would fill the backup point guard roll nicely. He started 28 games in 2012, averaging 11.7 points and 5.3 assists while shooting 46-percent from the field. (Photo by Sam Forencich/NBAE via Getty Images)
C Hasheem Thabeet Thabeet has almost reached "bust" status after being taken second overall in 2009, but could be a good project for Ainge and the Celtics. Thabeet could learn a lot about defense under Kevin Garnett (should he return). (Photo by Sam Forencich/NBAE via Getty Images)
G Kirk Hinrich Kirk Hinrich has never really gotten along with the C's, in a Bulls or Hawks uniform, but could be a key contributor if Ray Allen leaves. Hinrich can play either guard position, and is a solid shooter. If he is looking for more than the $8 million he made in 2012 though, the Celtics will likely take a pass. (Photo by Grant Halverson/Getty Images)
Categories: Celtics Galleries Sports Syndicated Sports


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Working at the Ballpark
I recently read a book called Working at the Ballpark: The Fascinating Lives of Baseball People- From Peanut Vendors and Broadcasters to Players and Managers by Tom Jones.
It truly was a fascinating book.Have you ever really thought about what goes on before, during and after a game? No, not just batting practice, the game, and hitting the clubhouse. There are so many elements to a baseball game, it's almost unbelieveable that so many games go as smoothly as they do.
First of all, there's the players and coaches. The amount of preparation that goes on behind the scenes is unbelieveable. Players are doing a lot of workouts, and a lot of studying of pitchers and hitters. All the pitchers have their own thing that they do to prepare to pitch. They also have extensive conditioning and massages. The pitchers and catchers especially have to do ridiculous research and studying of the hitters of the other team. The coaches have to know everything that is going on with their players, if any of them need a day, or how their injuries are doing. Plus they have to learn a lot about the other team as well.
Then you can broaden the spectrum a little, going to the umpires, batboys, and ballgirls. The umpires have to be ready to call a whole game. The batboys have to set up all the player's equiptment and all the snacks and drinks.
Then you broaden the spectrum again, to the broadcasters, TV guys, scorekeeper, and scoreboard operator. The broadcasters have to know how to pronounce every player's name, have all the notes and news from the club, and a lot of information to sprinkle into the broadcast. Same with the TV guys. The scorekeeper needs to be ready with all the information on the players like their numbers, names, and positions. The scoreboard operator has to have interesting facts and strange activities to play in between innings. He has to make sure everything is working as well.
Plus, all the writers and reporters have to be ready to write about the game. They, too, have to have all the latest notes and news from the team, the press releases. They have to attend a little meeting with the manager and try to talk to some players before the game.
Oh, man, it just goes on and on. There are hundreds of vendors who have to get their food and be ready to go out there and sell. There are lots of food stations all over the ballpark that need to be stocked. There are many, many, ushers that need to know their sections and be able to help people get to their seats. There needs to be someone to throw out the first pitch and sing the National Anthem. I'm sure I've missed a TON of things that happen at the ballpark every day. It's incredible.
So, to get a better picture of the vast amount of things that happen every day, I would highly recommend this book. It was a great read. I especially enjoyed reading about some of the Padres personnel, like CEO Sandy Alderson, Head Althletic Trainer Todd Hutcherson, and Head Groundskeeper Luke Yoder. It's a facinating book. As we go into this new season, check out this book. It is a must-read for every baseball fan.
A funny note: New York Jets quarterback Brett Farve says he's going to retire. Again. Hahahahahahahahaha!!
(photo credit: tomjonesbooks.com)
8 Comments
I love, love, love how we all recommend books to each other here! Thanks for another book to add to the pile on my night stand!
Maybe Favre could hit behind Adrian Gonzalez… you know, boost that Padre lineup a bit. He's got some athletic prowess… why not give it a shot? haha.
That's the beautiful thing about baseball! There are so many aspects– so much knowledge to behold that it's endless! Catchers have to know everything so that the pitchers don't have to think, and the batters have to decide if they're going to hit a ball in less than a second. You and I want to be writers so we're going to be busy, but if we love what we do, it won't be work.
Putting on a baseball game every night is like putting on the biggest show in town. I have a friend who's working on a reality show set at a stadium, and it's unbelievable how much work goes into every detail.
Sounds like an interesting book I will have to get it sometime.
JULIA, there are some great ones out there! Hey, it's the least I can do for all my "brothers" and "sisters"🙂
JEFF, that's an excellent idea! I'll have my people talk to his people and maybe we can work something out! Except the National Leagues doesn't have a DH…
ELIZABETH, there was actually a section in this book about a beat writer that really opened my eyes to the life of a baseball writer. It seems like a tough job, but I know I will love it! That's the key, we have to be happy with what we are doing.
JANE, seriously. It's incredible.
BOB, definitely check it out!
I love standing around and looking at all the people in a stadium and I have thought about what they do and how long it takes to get done. That's cool they have a book to describe that. Thanks for the heads up.
Dude, thanks for the review! I'll be more than glad to read the book. And the thing about Brett Favre, it's ridiculous, really. He should've made up his mind in the first place!


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Dermal Irritation in 3-Dimensional Reconstructed Human Epidermis Tissues: EpiDerm, epiCS, EpiSkin and SkinEthic RCE
Test Material Compatibility
The EpiDerm, epiCS, EpiSkin and RHE are compatible with solid and liquid test materials as well as for water/solvent soluble and insoluble formulations. Since test materials are topically applied, the test systems are suitable for creams, pastes, highly viscous materials, and powders.
Assays and Endpoints
Time to Toxicity. Potential dermal irritation of a test material is evaluated using a time to toxicity approach, where several exposure times are tested and an ET50 value (the exposure time required to reduce tissue viability by 50%) is determined.
Skin Irritation Test (SIT). Potential skin irritants are evaluated using a single fixed exposure time protocol. Test results are used to label and package test materials as skin irritant or non-irritant, according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS 2). IIVS participated in the pre-validation and validation studies that led to the adoption of the OECD Test Guideline 439: In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method (TG 439).
Dermal Corrosivity. Potential dermal corrosivity of a test material is evaluated using two fixed exposures to differentiate between corrosives and non-corrosives, as well as to sub-categorize among GHS corrosive classes 1A and 1B/1C. For more information, see OECD Test Guideline 431 "In Vitro Skin Corrosion: Human Skin Model Test".
Phototoxicity in 3-Dimensional Tissues. The potential phototoxicity of a test material is evaluated by comparing the relative reduction in viability of 3-D tissues after exposure to a test material either in the presence or absence of UVA exposure. For more information on phototoxicity testing, see Phototoxicity.
Potential Irritancy Using Cytokine Release, Induction and Expression. Cytokine expression analysis can be included as an additional endpoint to help evaluate the degree of dermal irritation induced by a test material. Pro-inflammatory activity may be determined by the synthesis/release of cytokines including IL-1 alpha , IL-1ra, TNF-alpha, IL-8, and others.
Various commercial human reconstructed epidermal models have been validated by ECVAM and ICCVAM for corrosivity (OECD TG 431), and for skin irritation potential (OECD TG 439).


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Several people commented on this weekly article saying how informative they are. We are glad to provide the service to the community and hope that each of our readers has enhanced his/her traffic knowledge as a result of the articles. One of the visitors to our booth asked a question, which usually comes up during the course of a driver's education class, regarding the proper vehicle operation at a flashing yellow arrow.
The information about to be presented has actually already been covered previously by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDoT). However, there still seems to be some confusion regarding the new light systems located at both the Pearl/59-Jefferson/183 and Pearl/59-Commercial Street lights.
While most drivers have adjusted to the flashing yellow left-turn arrow, there are still many who do not understand the rules for these lights. We have heard of family arguments where a parent has one opinion and his/her student driver has different information after learning about this in class, so to help keep peace in your household, here is the information, again.
What the Arrows Mean
Steady red arrow = stop. No left turns allowed.
Steady yellow arrow = prepare to stop.
Flashing yellow arrow = left turns allowed, but must yield to oncoming traffic.
Steady green arrow = left turns allowed and protected.
Make no mistake in thinking that the left turn is any less dangerous; remember that you are crossing the lane(s) of oncoming traffic. This new signal simply gives you more opportunity to make those left turns than with previous "left turn yield on green" signals.
For instance, through traffic may be waiting at a red light and, in the past, a left-turning vehicle either also had a red light or it had a protected green arrow. Once the through traffic received a green light, the turn lane usually also had a green light allowing them to proceed when safe to do so.
With the implementation of the flashing yellow arrow, the through traffic may have a red light, but the turn lane now has a flashing yellow arrow which allows the left turning vehicle to proceed when it is safe to do so.
If you have a question about traffic laws, you can submit them to email@example.com, email@example.com or www.facebook.com/happytroells.


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Heavy equipment is used throughout the world by the United States military. The public may only see images of the battle field, but there are thousands of heavy equipment operators scattered across the globe making a major difference in the success or failure of many military projects. Two of the most compelling operators are identical… Read more »
Respected Construction Magazine Reveals Five Transforming Tech Trends for BIM/VDC
The future of construction technology is now; and savings, safety and efficiency are the result. Building Design + Construction Magazine, a leading publication promoting our industry, has editors and writers that continually provide thought-provoking articles that highlight all aspects of construction. A recent post on bdcnetwork.com provided a glimpse into the evolving BIM/VDC technology segment…. Read more »
OSHA Offers New Demolition Resources and Guidance to Help Keep Workers Safe
Demolition work is among the most difficult in the construction industry. It is also very dangerous. In a July 10th press release, Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) officials cited three recent worker fatalities that occurred during a demolition project. That's three too many. In the same release, OSHA Chief Dr. David Michaels also announced… Read more »
Not An Easy Topic: the Construction Industry's Fatal Four
According to statistics from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 806 construction workers were killed on the job in 2012. That is 806 workers too many. The organization also classified the "Fatal Four" causes of construction worker deaths while on the job. According to OSHA, the "Fatal Four" causes of construction deaths are falls,… Read more »
The John Deere 764 HSD High Speed Dozer Is the Ultimate Finisher
The John Deere 764 HSD High Speed Dozer grades up to twice as quickly as a traditional dozer. That means jobs are done twice as quickly, major cost savings are enjoyed, and uptime is maximized. This maximization and efficiency means less chance of breakdown, malfunctions or injury, among other advantages that occur when this piece… Read more »


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Okay, so if it's not the beautiful city in Georgia, then what is the Savannah?
The Savannah is one of the fast-growing favorites of cat lovers around the world!
A little over 20 years ago (I know that sounds like a long time ago, but nowadays 20 years is like a blink of the eye!) the first-generation Savannah was born. The kitten was the result of a breeding between a female domestic cat and an African Serval. The kitten looked so much like a Serval that they named it Savannah…..and so it also became the name of the breed!
Today this curious, loyal breed of cat is an Advanced New Breed in TICA and quickly working towards its Championship status thanks to the hard work of dedicated breeders.
Although they can't compete at shows, you may be able to see Savannahs on exhibition at a local show.
You can learn more about the Savannah and print out the breed's history and information about its personality. And don't forget to check the show schedule to see if a TICA show is coming to your neighborhood soon! You can contact the show management to see if Savannahs will be at the show.