text:
Debian has more or less all free software in the known world!
One of the things that has made Debian famous among Linux distributions is the APT package management system. Its ability to handle often complex chains of interdependencies between packages makes installing software very convenient. APT selects Debian software packages, commonly known as debs, from one or more archive sources.
Using APT is the most important skill for a Debian administrator to learn. The two most popular tools in Debian for managing packages are
apt-get and
aptitude. Most people find
aptitude superior, as it not only includes all of
apt-get's features, but also includes many others, such as an interactive menu-driven mode and the removal of packages when you no longer need them.
By following this article, you'll learn the basics of package management on Debian using the
aptitude tool.
The software available in the Debian Linux distribution is organized into packages. Packages consist of precompiled software and additional files that integrate the software into the Debian system. Adding software to your Debian system is usually a matter of installing packages.
After you ran the Debian installer, several packages were installed for you. Now you can start adding further packages using
aptitude install. This article shows how to install the
sudo package, which enables normal users to do tasks as the system superuser. (See my article Using the Root Account on Debian for more information on running commands as root.)
To install software, you must be running as the root, the superuser account. Until you have
sudo installed, you need to log in to the console as root, or become root by running
su - and typing in the root password.
# aptitude install sudo
Reading Package Lists...
Building Dependency Tree...
Reading extended state information...
Initializing package states...
Reading task descriptions... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
0 packages upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 147kB of archives. After unpacking 369kB will be used.
Writing extended state information... Done
Get:1 http://ftp.uk.debian.org testing/main sudo 1.6.7p5-2 [147kB]
Fetched 147kB in 2s (55.2kB/s)
Selecting previously deselected package sudo.
(Reading database ... 25786 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking sudo (from .../sudo_1.6.7p5-2_i386.deb) ...
Setting up sudo (1.6.7p5-2) ...
No /etc/sudoers found... creating one for you.
Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree
Reading extended state information
Initializing package states... Done
Reading task descriptions... Done
The installation process prints a lot of text, most of which you can ignore. You'll often find useful information, however, after the
Setting up line. In this case, the
sudo package installation process says that it's created a configuration file /etc/sudoers.
You can see that the
sudo software is now installed by looking in /usr/share/doc/sudo, the usual place for accompanying documentation. Note also that the configuration file, /etc/sudoers, is in place.
Removing software is as easy as running
aptitude remove. Remove the
sudo package and observe how the system changes:
# aptitude remove sudo
Reading Package Lists...
Building Dependency Tree...
Reading extended state information...
Initializing package states...
Reading task descriptions... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0B of archives. After unpacking 369kB will be freed.
Writing extended state information... Done
(Reading database ... 25809 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing sudo ...
Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree
Reading extended state information
Initializing package states... Done
Reading task descriptions... Done
# ls /etc/sudoers
Notice that the configuration file has been left behind, but the software and its documentation is gone. To really get rid of all files related to a package, use the
aptitude purge command:
# aptitude purge sudo
The following packages will be REMOVED:
0 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0B of archives. After unpacking 0B will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] Y
Writing extended state information... Done
(Reading database ... 25788 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing sudo ...
Purging configuration files for sudo ...
# ls /etc/sudoers
ls: /etc/sudoers: No such file or directory
Related Reading
Debian System
Understanding the sources.list file is the key to Debian happiness.
As part of the Debian installation process, you will have archive sources set up. View them by reading the file /etc/apt/sources.list. Unless you're running without a network connection, the sources will include the main and the security update archives. The typical contents of sources.list for a new installation include:
deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux stable _Sarge_ - i386 Binary-1]/
unstable contrib main
deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian stable main
deb-src http://http.us.debian.org/debian stable main
deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib
The official repository of Debian software is known as the archive. The
deb lines in the sources.list file instruct APT as to where to find the archive, and which distribution and sections of the archive to access. In this example, the
cdrom source refers to the CD used to start the installation, and the
http sources refer to the network-accessible Debian archive. The
deb-src lines tell APT where to find source code for the software.
Use the netselect-apt package to automatically configure your system to use the fastest possible Debian mirrors.
Debian maintains three concurrent distributions: stable, the official stable release, and testing and unstable, used for development purposes. Within the distributions are three sections of the archive. The vast majority of the software is in main, which contains software deemed free by the Debian Free Software Guidelines and depends only on other software in main. The nonfree section includes software not deemed free by the Debian Free Software Guidelines, and contrib includes free software but has dependencies on other software in contrib or nonfree.
There's another section called non-US, containing software that is problematic to distribute in the United States, usually for patent reasons. You can find a list of non-US Debian packages online. Since the relaxation of U.S. laws on cryptography export, the non-US section has become less important to the typical Debian user.
aptitude update command causes APT to reread the sources from sources.list and update the system's list of available packages. Run this command at least once a week in order to get updates from the security archive. The other stable sources will not vary, apart from when stable update releases occur. Stable update releases do not make major changes to the system. Instead, they fix serious bugs and include any essential updates. See the "What about" section for an explanation of how to keep your system up to date against security and stable update releases.
Interrogate the system's index of packages with
aptitude. The
aptitude show command displays a package description:
$ aptitude show sudo
Package: sudo
State: not installed
Version: 1.6.7p5-2
Priority: optional
Section: admin
Maintainer: Bdale Garbee <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Uncompressed Size: 369k
Depends: libc6 (>= 2.3.2.ds1-4), libpam0g (>= 0.76), libpam-modules
Description: Provide limited super user privileges to specific users
Sudo is a program designed to allow a sysadmin to give limited root privileges
to users and log root activity. The basic philosophy is to give as few
privileges as possible but still allow people to get their work done.
The maintainer listed in the package information is the Debian developer who looks after the package. Don't report problems straight to him, though! Read more about how to report Debian bugs here.
Depends line of the descriptions shows which other packages need installing for sudo to run. If they're not already installed when you install a package,
aptitude will install the dependencies too. If a package is installed as a dependency rather than being installed explicitly,
aptitude will remove it when other packages don't depend on it anymore. As well as dependencies, packages can also recommend and suggest other packages. If a package recommends another, it means that although the package will work without the recommendation installed, in all ordinary uses it should be there. Suggestions are more an indication of usefulness than dependency. By default,
aptitude automatically installs all the dependencies and recommendations along with the package itself.
Some software packages simply can't coexist with others. There aren't many of these in Debian, but there are a few. In this case the package information also includes the conflicts relationship. When you ask for a package to be installed that conflicts with one you already have on your system,
aptitude will remove the conflicting package. The most common usage of conflicts in Debian is when a package reorganization or renaming occurs, so that the new package must replace its predecessors when upgraded.
You may not always know which package you need to install in order to get the software you want. Debian package names don't always exactly match the original software. The
aptitude search command searches through the index and displays a list of suitable matches. Use the
~d option to search the description:
$ aptitude search sudo
p dpsyco-sudo - Automate administration of sudo privileges
p gnome-sudo - dumb package to provide smooth upgrade to
p sudo - Provide limited super user privileges to s
$ aptitude search ~d"super user"
p calife - Provides super user privileges to specific
p sudo - Provide limited super user privileges to s
Many more searching options are available, documented in the
aptitude user manual, details of which are at the end of this article.
Are there more user-friendly ways to manage packages? Perhaps most people understandably think that a modern operating system should have a more interactive way of installing software, although some people will always be command-line addicts. The visual mode of
aptitude provides a keyboard- and menu-driven interface to your system's packages, as shown in Figure 1. Invoke the visual mode just by running
aptitude on its own. You don't need to bother to become root; when it needs superuser privileges,
aptitude's interface will ask you for the root password.
Figure 1. aptitude in visual mode
All the features available from the command line are accessible through the menus. The display of packages and their state conveys a lot of information at once. For instance, the
i shows a package is installed, and the
A denotes that
aptitude automatically installed it as a dependency. This display is fully customizable through the Options menu.
If you're operating in a graphical environment, you may prefer to use
synaptic, available from the package of the same name. Start it by selecting Synaptic Package Manager from the GNOME System Tools menu, or running
sudo /usr/sbin/synaptic. Figure 2 shows the result of a search for
Figure 2. The Synaptic package manager--click for full-size image
If you plan to use
aptitude from the command line, the best reference is the
aptitude(8) manual page. For the menu-driven interface, a user guide is present in HTML in the /usr/share/doc/aptitude/html directory. Read it with the
w3m text-mode browser or a graphical browser of your choice.
As well as searching for packages on your own system, there's a web interface to all the Debian distributions and their contents, where you can search packages by practically every criteria imaginable.
For further information on the arrangement of the Debian archive, and the significance of the section names, consult Chapter 2 of the Debian Policy Manual. To better understand the meaning of dependencies, recommendations, and other package relationships, consult Chapter 7.
Although I prefer to use
aptitude as the main interface to package management, the
apt-get tool has existed for longer. Its manual page and associated documentation is also a good place to look to learn about package management in Debian.
Edd Dumbill is co-chair of the O'Reilly Open Source Convention. He is also chair of the XTech web technology conference. Edd conceived and developed Expectnation, a hosted service for organizing and producing conferences. Edd has also been Managing Editor for XML.com, a Debian developer, and GNOME contributor. He writes a blog called Behind the Times.
Return to the Linux DevCenter.
Copyright © 2009 O'Reilly Media, Inc.


text:
Wordsmith Talk
|About Us | What's New | Search | Site Map | Contact Us
You are not logged in. [Log In] Wordsmith.org » Forums » General Topics » Q&A about words » bow?help Register User Forum List Calendar Active Topics Search FAQ
Topic Options
#71653 - 05/29/02 02:10 AM bow?help
Registered: 04/20/01
Posts: 11
Loc: Shenzhen , GuangDong province,...
I wanna ask the pronunciation.
I've checked some dictionary,but the answers quite different.
bow=(bough )<---pronunciation.
b ow= c ow?
or...... bow=(bough) meaning the tool used for archery.
b ow = c ow meaning bending your body?
sorry,i m poor in expression.
Simply ,the quetion is what is bow's pronunciation and meanings related to it?
#71654 - 05/29/02 03:14 AM Re: bow?help
Registered: 01/18/01
Posts: 618
Loc: Australia
Hi Aji. I'll do the best I can, but you'll have to wait a few hours for the experts. They're all asleep at the moment.
bow, meaning to bend at the hips, is pronounced like cow, how and now.
bow, meaning the tool used in archery, is pronounced like no, tow, flow and blow.
bow, meaning the shape made by tying ribbon or string a certain way, is also pronounced like no.
And just to confuse things,
bough, meaning a branch of a tree, is pronounced like cow.
Hope that helps.
edit: I may have been first bellig'y, but I like your explanation better.
#71655 - 05/29/02 03:20 AM Re: bow?help
old hand
Registered: 12/20/00
Posts: 1055
Loc: Berlin
Bow as in 'bow and arrow' (archery) rhymes with 'low', i.e. low like 'searching high and low'. A bow is more generally a bend, for example in a lake. It is also the piece of wood and horsehair with which one strokes the strings of violins and cellos so they resonate. If you're 'bowing' this instrument then it rhymes with 'lowing'(the sound made by cattle: Moooo) of course.
To bow (genuflect, curtsy, bend over) and the noun bow, as in the bow of a ship (front section) rhymes with that ruminating animal, the cow.
If you 'bow to' (like 'cow') someone, then you agree to follow their will.
If you bow out (like 'cow'), then you withdraw from a competition or race or something.
There are other less common uses of 'bow', but you probably wouldn't encounter or need them
edit in: you got in there a tad before me doc, and I wanted to avoid playing second fiddle to anyone too.;-0
#71656 - 05/29/02 05:11 AM Re: bow?help
Carpal Tunnel
Registered: 09/30/01
Posts: 6296
Loc: Piedmont Region of Virginia, U...
"How now, brown cow?"
"Bow wow wow
Who's dog art thou?
Little Tommy Tucker's dog.
Bow wow wow"
Bow wow wow in the above: human imitation of the sound dogs seem to enjoy when warning off competitors or greeting their masters
But dogs are sometimes named "Beau," which sounds like the bow in bow tie, which would have been cuter if it had been called the beau tie. Of course, there are bows on packages and bows in little girls' hair--but by far funnier had beaux been on packages and beaux in little girls' hair. All of the bow, beau, and beaux words here rhyme with no as do the bow used with bowed string instruments and the {-shaped one used in archery.
Now the forward part of the ship is called its bow, too, and we Americans would rhyme it with now. But I'm not sure about the Brits because what we Americans call the bowsprit (rhyming with the nonsense word nowsprit), the Brits pronounce the same bowsprit to rhyme with no-sprit, nonsense word here again. Question: Do the British rhyme the ship's bow with no?
You've posed a word that holds many a pronunciation problem to figure out, and I shall now take my leave, too, by bowing out, not at the hips but at the waist.
Bow regards,
#71657 - 05/29/02 06:24 AM Re: bow?help
old hand
Registered: 01/18/01
Posts: 1156
Question: Do the British rhyme the ship's bow with no?
I'm not British, but since I live in one of the "colonies", my observation may count for something: I would say that in Canada, "No, a ship's bow does not rhyme with no, but rather with cow."
The knot you can use to tie your boat to the dock, a bowline, is said BO-lun, 'round these parts. In that word, the bow bit rhymes with no, just to be confusing! But the park called Bowring Park is pronounced like the front of the ship, rhymes with cow-ring park, another nonsense word to add to Dub Dub's list! Argh! I remember trying to help my Turkish friend with this word, and eventually collapsing in a fit of giggles - too many options for this one short word!!!!
#71658 - 05/29/02 12:02 PM Re: bow?help
Registered: 03/06/02
Posts: 1692
Loc: UK
Bean is correct in how the British pronounce bow in ship's bow, ie: the sharp end. Also correct on bowline.
Anyone care to have a go at words that contain the numerous ways of pronouncing ~ough and ~augh? Just for our delectation? This has probably been done before, but I can't find it.
#71659 - 05/29/02 07:08 PM Re: bow?help
Registered: 12/28/01
Posts: 688
Anyone care to have a go at words that contain the numerous ways of pronouncing ~ough and ~augh? Just for our delectation? This has probably been done before, but I can't find it.
Here's one thread that contains some fun discussions about -ough and others.
#71660 - 05/30/02 01:05 AM Re: bow?help
Registered: 04/20/01
Posts: 11
Loc: Shenzhen , GuangDong province,...
thank you all for kind responses~~~~
I've got a lot here.
#71661 - 05/30/02 01:51 PM Re: bow?help
Registered: 03/06/02
Posts: 1692
Loc: UK
Thanks Angel, for the link - I shall look into it more deeply.
#71662 - 06/03/02 01:50 PM Re: bow?help
Registered: 04/29/02
Posts: 39
Loc: Nacogdoches, Texas, USA
Here's my contribution - although, maybe it should go in the other thread?
It's Rough Stough!
The wind was rough and cold and blough;
She kept her hands inside her mough.
It chilled her through, her nose turned blough,
And still the squall the faster flough.
And yet although there was no snough,
The weather was a cruel fough.
It made her cough (please do not scough),
She coughed until her hat blough ough.
For obvious reasons no one claims this one!
What is very unusual about these words?
They all end in O-U-G-H, and none of them rhyme!
I'm sorry I don't know who to credit (blame?) for this choice piece! (Don't spell check it, BTW!)
Robert Payne
Moderator: Jackie
Forum Stats 8968 Members
16 Forums
13870 Topics
222532 Posts
Max Online: 3341 @ 12/09/11 02:15 PM
Newest Members Tatanka17, Marci, dorrick, thedesertsimmom, LostAuthor
8968 Registered Users
Who's Online 0 registered (), 29 Guests and 4 Spiders online. Key: Admin, Global Mod, Mod
Top Posters (30 Days)
wofahulicodoc 57 LukeJavan8 41 may2point0 37 delirium 4 DavidLaurence 1 Curtis 1 A C Bowden 1
Top Posters
wwh 13858 Faldage 13803 Jackie 11613 tsuwm 10538 LukeJavan8 8541 Buffalo Shrdlu 7210 wofahulicodoc 6943 AnnaStrophic 6511 Wordwind 6296 of troy 5400
Board Rules · Mark all read Contact Us · Wordsmith.org · Top
Disclaimer: Wordsmith.org is not responsible for views expressed on this site. Use of this forum is at your own risk and liability - you agree to hold Wordsmith.org and its associates harmless as a condition of using it.
Home | Today's Word | Yesterday's Word | Subscribe | FAQ | Archives | Search | Feedback
Wordsmith Talk | Wordsmith Chat
© 1994-2016 Wordsmith

subset: commoncrawl


text:
#1 Ranked Children's Hospital by U.S. News & World Report
MyPatients provides referring primary care providers with secure access to their patients' information.
Boston Children's has launched the world's 1st program dedicated to offering hand transplants to children who qualify.
Innovation insider is a semi-monthly e-newsletter analyzes innovations at Boston Children's, other academic medical centers and from industry.
Read the latest blog by a Boston Children's doctor, clinician or staff member.
There are many ways you can help children and their families get the care they need.
Learn more about our ranking as the top pediatric hospital here.
Boston HAPPENS provides services to youth, 12-24 years old, who are HIV positive or at risk for the disease and other STDs. HAPPENS also offers free HIV counseling and testing for teens and young adults, ages 13 and older, and free STI and Viral Hepatitis testing for young people 13-24 (see STI/Viral Hepatitis Screening and Referral page for eligibility requirements).
We also offer free and confidential testing for HIV, STIs, and Viral Hepatitis to youth and young adults. For youth with recent known exposures, or for victims of sexual assault, we offer Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) treatment and follow-up services, which can greatly reduce the chance of HIV infection.
Bilingual services (English/Spanish) are available with bilingual providers, and interpreters for other languages are also available.
We have specialists in adolescent medicine, HIV care, nursing and mental health to answer your questions about HIV and provide you with a wide range of health care and support services, including:
Primary care services
Gynecological services
HIV care and medications
Full checkups and lab tests
STD testing and treatment
Birth control and family/pre-conceptual planning
Access to HIV clinical trials
Cervical and anal pap smears
Special immunizations
In addition to providing services at Boston Children's, we collaborate with other youth-serving programs throughout Boston, including:
Boston Children's at Martha Eliot Health Center
Dimock Community Health Center's Boston Pediatric and Family AIDS Project
The Boston HAPPENS Program at Boston Children's Hospital relies on the kind donations of people and groups interested in supporting our work. With donors' help we can provide teens with free HIV counseling and testing, health care and support services.
If you are interested in supporting the Boston HAPPENS Program, please follow these steps to make a donation:
Click on the donations link.
Click on "Make a Gift Now" (purple button in upper left).
Click "Make a Single Gift."
Enter gift amount.
Under Gift to Support, select "Other" in the drop-down menu.
In the blank field, please enter "The Boston HAPPENS Program."
Fill in additional information and click "Process My Gift. "
Boston Children's Hospital Trust
401 Park Drive, Suite 602
Boston, MA 02215
Phone: 617-355-6890
Fax: 617-355-6530
The Aerosmith Endowment Fund for HIV Care and Prevention assists in sexual assault follow-up counseling, case finding, mental health and adherence support services.
Boston Pediatric and Family AIDS Project (BPFAP), Ryan White Part D Program, a project funded by the Ryan White Care Act, HRSA, helps to support outreach, case management, mental health and support group efforts.
The Louise Crane Foundation a portion of our social work, mental health, and community outreach services at Boston HAPPENS.
Last updated July 2015.
We are grateful to have been ranked #1 on U.S. News & World Report's list of the best children's hospitals in the nation for the third year in a row, an honor we could not have achieved without the patients and families who inspire us to do our very best for them. Thanks to you, Boston Children's is a place where we can write the greatest children's stories ever told."


text:
Milwaukee homicides increased 6 percent in 2012
City sees 92 homicides in 2012
Homicides in Milwaukee increased in 2012 but were still lower compared to some past years.
According to the police department, homicides in the state's largest city increased 6 percent from 2011 to 92 homicides last year. There were 87 in 2011.
But the department noted that for the fifth year there were less than 100 homicides. The 2012 number is a 43 percent decline compared to 1990, 31 percent decrease over 2000 and 11 percent decrease since 2007.
In a statement, Milwaukee Police Chief Edward Flynn said what they are doing to address violence has had a positive impact, but he noted everyday murders on the streets need to be considered when talking about reducing gun violence.
The department released its year-end homicide numbers on Thursday.
Copyright 2013 by The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
Arrests netted following city Christmas parade
Randolph BOE conducts RIF hearings
The Randolph County Board of Education heard arguments for and against the elimination of county school positions Monday.
Hearings were scheduled for six positions recommended for elimination by Superintendent Terry George. Those instructors were scheduled to speak before the board so they could present evidence against elimination.
Each instructor was allowed to speak to the board following testimony given by George's counsel, Greg Bailey.
Hearings will continue this evening. The boards' decision – of whether or not to eliminate the positions – will be made Wednesday evening.
The first instructor to speak was Marilyn Smith, the Green Team Leader at Elkins Middle School. Her position, Bailey said, was recommended for elimination because the superintendent, along with Elkins Middle School Principal Rich Carr, agreed that an increase in students in the 2013-2014 school year would place too much of a demand on her current responsibilities.
Currently, Smith spends time with the Green and White teams – groups of students within the school.
"My concern is that (Smith) will not be able to fulfill the obligations of the Green Team if she is on the White Team," Carr said.
A greater number of students would not allow her to work with both teams, Carr said. Instead, she would need to be with one team, and he said scheduling would not allow her to spend an entire year with a single team.
She would need to be scheduled to switch to a different team halfway through the year. Carr said this would not promote a good environment for the students.
Smith defended herself with her counsel, staff representative Frank Caputo, by saying that her proximity in the school would be near enough to each team to give her access to any student who needs her.
"I don't think next year being half and half would be an issue," Smith said.
She said she would work closely with teachers and planners throughout the year and would not be removed from the presence of every student in her proximity, regardless of her team association.
Daniel Harper, Project Lead the Way/CAD instructor at the Randolph Technical Center, was heard next. The project consists of four classes that, once completed, can be used for up to three college credits at some secondary institutions.
Bailey said there was not enough current enrollment in the Lead the Way course to merit another year of funding for the project. He called upon Donald Johnson, director of the Technical Center, to give testimony.
"It's an outstanding program," Johnson said, "but we need students in it."
He said only one student completed the program last year. Zero students completed it this year. Enrollment is also down, he said, and graduation rates will not be affected if the program is removed because most students take the course as an elective.
Harper cited some national studies which claim that academic achievement, overall, is enhanced for students who are enrolled in Lead the Way. He said many students are not able to take the class because of scheduling conflicts.
He also argued that funding for the position was merited because of the Technical Center's initial investment in his training -approximately $8,000 over two years for training.
"There has been a marked trend," Bailey said, noting the decrease in students who complete the program. "That means the program will not be funded."
Following Harper, Melissa Reger, a clerk, switchboard operator and receptionist at the Randolph County Board office, went before the board.
Bailey began the hearing by telling the board that the duties of her position are able to be transferred to other staff members in the office. Due to fiscal constraints, he said, it is necessary to cut the position.
"We have identified duties in the Central Office that can be distributed," he said.
Reger countered by saying that she is a highly active staff member who would be missed if replaced.
"Sometimes I track people down in the Board Office," she said, when it was mentioned that her switchboard duties could be completed by an automated phone tree.
She also said she is currently filing permanent records, a list of files that numbers in the tens of thousands. The enormity of this job, she said, speaks for itself and cannot be simply traded to someone who is already taking on full-time responsibilities.
In addition, she said she helps the attendance director in her office and that the loss of her help would be greatly missed because the director does not have an assistant.
Finally, Reka Rowan, an interventionist at the Randolph Technical Center, presented her case.
Bailey said Rowan's position was necessarily being cut because there will be no funding next year to support it.
"It's unlikely that funding will exist for this position," he said.
Johnson said Rowan's position is funded entirely from Payment in Lieu of Taxes monies, funds made available to compensate local governments for revenue lost due to property ownership.
Funding from that source, Johnson said, is decreasing each year and will be less than is needed to support Rowan in the 2013-2014 school year.
Rowan said she is involved with many students every day. She said she sees students from all areas of the school, even adult students who need help with classwork.
"This position is growing," she said.
Rowan told the board that her position is necessary so that extra help can be given when it's most needed. She said she helps students pass tests and pass classes and that the demand for help is continuous.
Christie Hudson, a learning skills teacher at Elkins Middle School, and Shelly Canfield, a cook at Tygarts Valley High School, were on the board's agenda Monday evening, but they were not present for their requested hearings.
Contact Casey Houser by email at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
My baby is 10 days old. She was not induced and born naturally at 40 wks. Weighed 8.1 now 8.9 (though 8.9 that was dressed with a onesie, diaper, and socks on) She is my 4th. I did nurse the others (1st 4 months, 2nd and 3rd self weaned at 15-16 months). She came out eating her fist, and sucked great, my milk came in in 20 hours (that shocked me!) She started out nursing at every 3 hrs. But now, this baby is SOO sleepy. This morning she slept for 7 hours straight. I can arouse her to wake some with squirming and she will even put her fist to her mouth signalling me, but as soon as 2-3 sucks come, she is totally out (and then I get letdown.. OUCH!). The last 3 days she is averaging eating every 5 ish hours. I am now logging this out of concern, and we have taken her through a rabbit trail of 6 doctors because of other concerns that all came to be normal (though on one issue, possibly apnea, the doctors are in disagreement so thus far she is not being monitored). She is sleeping with us, belly to belly with me, and still she is not wanting to really nurse at all at night. I am not sleeping much because I am worried about her breathing and not eating. I do every 2 hours make a half hour attempt at waking her. This includes ice cubes on feet, cool wet wash cloths wiping whole body down, moving her to many positions, ect, and like I said, she seems partially aroused, but no matter what, always will try and fall back immediatetly asleep.
My questions..
Anyone else dealing/dealt with this and how? (Dr is telling me this is normal)
Also, should I pump at a certain interval to keep my supply in? Ive never had a supply problem before, and I have always had an overactive letdown, but this is so early in the game of nursing her, Im a bit afraid it will go away...
Any advice/help greatly appreciated!


text:
14 April 2010
Even the very title of My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done (co-written by Herzog and his sometime assistant director Herbert Golder) sets us up for something intensely disconnected from the viewer's own pleasure; leastwise, it doesn't strike me that you'd call a movie My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done (good lord, even a question mark would make it more palatable) if you had the remotest desire that any paying audience anywhere in the world would be actively interested in watching it. And the movie bears that out: this is Herzog pursuing ideas that fascinate him almost without recourse to whether or not they "work" according to any classical sense of film grammar. For we committed Herzog enthusiasts, that idea has its own kind of sick appeal, and I certainly found My Son, My Son to be wildly interesting, almost too interesting to handle. At the same time, even at 91 minutes there's a lot of movie going on, and the whole thing is chaotic and a touch mind-numbing. All things considered, the director's other recent crime picture with a godawful name, The Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call: New Orleans, is probably more successful; it's a hell of a lot more straightforward, at any rate.
My Son, My Son starts with a true crime, and then makes up almost all of the details: Brad McCullum (Michael Shannon) has killed his mother with a sword, and San Diego police detective Hank Havenhurst (Willem Dafoe) is on the scene, trying to figure out the wheres and whys, with his partner Vargas (Michael Peña). While Brad is shut up in his and his mother's garishly decorated house, Havenhurst interviews the two best witnesses to the suspect's deranged state that he's got: Brad's girlfriend Ingrid (Chloë Sevigny), and Lee Meyers (Udo Kier), who was directing the community theater adaptation of a Greek tragedy that Brad had been acting in until shortly before he snapped.
Or, the one-sentence version of the story: a detective sits in a van and interviews two character witnesses. That's pretty much it, so anyone who accidentally stumbles across My Son, My Son hoping for a legitimate true-crime thriller will walk out furiously disappointed. Or religiously inspired. It's hard to say which; it's always hard to say with Werner Herzog.
I'd love to say that the film is secretive and twisty and strange, but actually it's pretty simple to describe what it "is": a study of a man who went crazy, and an inquiry into how he got there. The second part is also pretty clear, if you know your Herzog: Brad had a racist uncle (Brad Dourif) who raised giant chickens, and shortly before he went nuts, he spent some time in the Peruvian jungle. Chickens and jungles are of course two of the director's least-favorite things in the world; I suspect that by putting those elements into his scenario, he was trying to short-circuit what could otherwise be the film's big mystery, about why Brad went insane. Why is right there; let us instead just look at the how. Tellingly, Brad's final, murderous insanity is triggered when his pseudo-religious ravings run up against his time spent in the tragic play, a setting where he's already being encouraged to submerge his own personality and identity - it strikes me that Brad probably reminded Herzog of Klaus Kinski, the infamously psychotic actor with whom the director shared his most nightmarish, creatively inspired sets. Since Herzog has already made it clear that he finds the mere fact of watching Kinski's insanity to be compelling (e.g. the documentary My Best Fiend), I imagine that his approach to My Son, My Son was about the same: let's just look at Brad McCullum in all his glorious, unhinged craziness.
Now, we can bicker and argue as to whether watching a movie about a crazy person being crazy makes for a fun night at the movies. At any rate, The Bad Lieutenant covered awfully similar ground, and in that film, there was some actual dramatic point to it; I can tell you what I think that film "means", in a way that I absolutely cannot do with My Son, My Son. Does that make the newer film a pointless waste? Maybe - certainly yes, if you watch it and don't find it compelling. All that Herzog is doing is the only thing he ever openly sets out to do, which is create unique moments and watch as a human mind breaks down. Like I said, I don't think he cares in the slightest if you or I "like" his film. He just wants to make sure that we get walloped by it, and that's the sort of thing you can't talk about using review-type language. I can certainly break down all the mechanical things in the movie, and why I thought they worked as well as they did: the long takes ending in awkward freeze-frames, the comically stilted dialogue, the fascinating geometry of a can of oats rolling down a driveway. But I cannot tell you if you will be affected by them like I was. That is the joy and the frustration of art, when practiced by somebody who hates rules just for the sake of it.
Things that I can say: Michael Shannon's performance as Brad is a godsend, the best film performance that this great, under-used character actor has ever given us; it is carefully, weirdly attuned to the physical space and other characters around him, so that he always seems the most organic part of any scene and at the same time completely alien in every context. Nicolas Cage's performance as the crazy cop in The Bad Lieutenant was showier and perhaps more dangerous, but Shannon is infinitely more discomfiting and upsetting; since the best way to compare the two films is to call My Son, My Son more discomfiting and upsetting, this distinction between the actors seems just.
The film also plays around with the iconography of its executive producer, David Lynch; he apparently exerted no influence over Herzog whatsoever, and yet the director studs in a great number of Lynchian moments and Lynchian shots; he even cast Grace Zabriskie, one of the key members of the Lynch Stock Company, as Brad's mother. I'd never call My Son, My Son, a Lynch film directed by Herzog, or any such nonsense; but it is a Herzog film that liberally quotes from Lynch, and this is not, I think, to its credit. One of the most famous of all the endlessly quotable German's utterances is his discourse on finding new and original images; and for the most part, his career has been a good-faith effort to create as many new images as he can. Cribbing from Blue Velvet and Wild at Heart is entirely contrary to that mission.
But still: My Son, My Son is still a movie that nobody else could have made, and nobody else would have wanted to make. Which may or may not be a good thing; but the film unquestionably has the merit of being wildly unconventional, and even the viewer who is wildly turned-off by the film can't argue in faith that it's dull. Which maybe was the point all along. Anyway, I liked the hell out of it.
5 comments:
- Bryce Wilson said...
I for one would happily watch a movie that consisted of nothing but Willem Dafoe and Udo Keir in a van together.
- Neil Fulwood said...
Sometimes I hate living in England. I have to wait another month till fuckin' 'Port of Call New Orleans' opens and you're already reviewing 'My Son My Son ...'
- Simon said...
1) I like the title. I just worry for the movie theatre board that has to play both Bad Lieutenant and My Son, My Son.
2) I kind of dig pretentious self-indulgence, just because it's the filmmaker being completely upfront and honest with how much he hates you, specifically. SO this sounds right up my alley. Excellent review.
- Tim said...
Bryce, Simon: if lengthy Kier/Dafoe dialogues and pretentious self-indulgence are what you crave (God knows I love them both), My Son, My Son will be the best movie you see all year.
Neil: makes me feel bad that I bitched when New Yorkers got it in December. Bad Lieutenant is well worth the wait.
- Colin said...
If you haven't already heard an impression of Herzog reading Curious George, this video is hilarious.


text:
Game Thread is off the hook. Lol at STAT being a rabbi. We need to come out with that energy we showed in GS that won't give up play hard til the end. Looking for a monster game from STAT and Blake Griffin.
All in all 105-95 NYK win
I'm happy with 30 wins. This team is a work in progress. Give them time.
I'd be happy with 40 wins and no playoff appearance.
I want 40 plus wins and a playoff berth, or D'Antoni must get fired.
If the Knicks don't win 50 games, this season is a failure. I want a championship.
5-8(.386) vs. 1-12(.070)
Amar'e Stoudemire and the Knicks
Eric Gordon and the Clippers
The Knicks are on a 2 game winning streak. They will look to end their west coast trip 3-1 against the Clippers. But it's not going to be easy. The Clippers are going to play with a lot of desperation.
The Clippers have just one win this season, but their one win is at home. They will look to get their second home win of the season against the Knicks, but it's not going to be easy. Amar'e Stoudemire is more talented than everyone on the Clippers roster.
Starting lineups
PG Eric Bledsoe
SG Eric Gordon
SF Al-Farouq Aminu
PF Blake Griffin
C DeAndre Jordan
Head Coach of the Clippers: Vinny Del Negro
At guard, out of North Carolina, standing 6"2', RAYMOND FELTON!
At the other guard position, out of Stanford, standing 6"7', Landry Fields!
At forward, from Italy, Standing 6"10', Danilo Gallinari!
Also at forward, out of Cypress Creek, Florida, Standing 6"10', Amare Stoudmire!
And at center, out of France, Standing 6''10', Ronny Turiaf!
Head Coach of the New York Knicks: Mike D'Antoni
Last edited by abcd; Nov 20, 2010 at 13:03.
Jeremon Linbury
Game Thread is off the hook. Lol at STAT being a rabbi. We need to come out with that energy we showed in GS that won't give up play hard til the end. Looking for a monster game from STAT and Blake Griffin.
All in all 105-95 NYK win
Knicks 2012
In the past this is EXACTLY the type of game we'd lose..That being said a lose tonight would really chap my ass..
We've caught the Clippers at a great time, they're missing both Baron Davis and Chris Kaman.
I say this would be the perfect game to put Anthony Randolph in to get us some extra length and size but apparently he's in D'Antoni's doghouse now.
this win would make us 3 and 1 on the road trip.. all u can ask for.. just got to contain blake and gordan..
i wouldnt be surprise if eric bledsoe has a career night and griffin ges 25 rebounds.. stats has to d up on him...
Need win tonight. Need to keep beating these weak West Coast teams. Really wanted that Denver game, but oh well... We will see where we stand against the Lakers, Spurs etc at a later date...still a work in progress as can be expected
i dont understand how the Clippers could be faves for this with the bookies. Clippers on paper are **** and the Knicks have played some good ball the last couple games. Ive won big the last 2 games on the Knicks when they have been the underdogs, looks like its going to be a 3rd time
We all know Eric Gordon and Blake Griffin are threats to blow up tonight and have huge games. Tonight is a huge game. Winning 3 of 4 on this West Coast trip would be outstanding... Almost won all 4 games!
Sure, a playoff team shouldn't jump for joy beating Sac, lAC, and GSW (w/out D-Lee), but any time these Knicks win 3 in a row it's a monumental accomplishment.
Felton had a great game last night, and Gallo was Mr. Clutch. I want to see if both can show up AGAIN tonight. Consistency is what we're looking for.
Coming home 6-8 with a nice "easy" 10 game stretch ahead of us, gives us one more chance to build up confidence and equity as the mquality opponents starts to roll in.
This is exactly the type of game we normally lose. End of road trip, second night of back to back, just as we're starting to get into a groove.
Let's see what happens. BURY THE CLIP EARLY. Take away hope.
good game thread but the matchup should be Amare vs Blake Griffin
I expect the Knicks to lay a major egg tonight....watch them lose by 20 to the Clips or blow it at the end by 2 points...something devastating.
Are we going to outrebound Blake Griffin?
Will Amare get in foul trouble with Griffin constantly attacking the rim?
Will Felton be on his game like last night? I think so.
If Gallo is off, which is likely due to his inconsistency, then we are in for a ride.
We should win this game and if we do then Mike D will not hear boo's the next home game...we would be 3-1 on this road trip when most people expected 1-3 at best.
We have to play the same game of driving to the hoop and drawing fouls. Gallo and Felton are money on the line, Amare needs more consistency from the foul line but he is a borderline 80% FT shooter.
"The Knicks are back" - Amare
if we cant capitalize and win this game( let alone dominate ) then were in for a real long season. these are the games we cant afford to lose, must wins.
DaTPRiNCE...That EGYPTiAN Fella, #MeloMafia
Even with this bad start to the season the Knicks are a close 8th in the east, this game is definitely an important win. It won't be easy, even though the Clippers are 1-12 they have a lot of good players. Its always a shocker on how bad the team is doing.
Another shocker the Grizzlies beat the Heat. WOW.


text:
Vt. Health Department honors two local schoolsApril 04,2013
ST. JOHNSBURY The efforts of Twinfield Union School and St. Johnsbury School to promote and expand physical activity programs have been recognized by the Vermont Health Department.
St. Johnsbury School received the Most Improved Vermont Department of Health School Wellness Award. The school has an after-school swim and gym program for first- through eighth-graders, and up to 300 participants are expected to have taken part by the end of the year. The school also implemented a Fitness Gram that assesses students health.
Twinfield Union School in Marshfield won a Gold wellness award, which will fund equipment such as skates and ski boots, and help move forward plans for a hiking and fitness trail bordering the woods nearby the school.
The awards are given by the Health Department in partnership with the Agency of Education, the New England Dairy and Food Council, and the Vermont Health Education Initiative.MORE IN This Just InWASHINGTON The House on Thursday cleared bills to keep the government running through April and... Full StorySALISBURY, N.C. Full StoryMEUREUDU, Indonesia Humanitarian organizations descended on Indonesias Aceh province Thursday ... Full Story
- Most Popular
- Most Emailed


text:
Flame Jeweled Demi-Wedge Sandal
Style: 570078618
Out of Stock
Jeweled sandal flashes with Flame red sparkle outlining pear-shaped cabochons among rhinestone petals. Man-made leather. Imported.
- Feels as beautiful as it looks.
- Our obsessively great fit.
- Breathable, no-slide lining.
- Super-comfortable memory foam footbed.
- Goldtone stretch buckle.
- 2.5" stacked demi-wedge heel. Non-skid sole.
Read more… Read less…


text:
IntelliChoice Picks Yukon Over Other Full-Size SUVs Based on Lower Costs of Ownership
DETROIT – GMC Yukon took top honors in the full-size SUV category of IntelliChoice's 2011 Best Overall Values of the Year (BOVY) awards, announced Saturday at the National Automobile Dealers Association (NADA) convention in San Francisco.
Yukon is one of 21 BOVY segment winners this year and represents
IntelliChoice's "best value" pick among full-size SUVs, based on its
analysis of ownership costs, including depreciation, maintenance,
repairs, fuel, fees, financing and insurance.
"This year's IntelliChoice 'Best Overall Value' honor reconfirms
what Consumer Guide said about the Yukon last year – that it's a 'best
buy,'" said Brian Sweeney, general manager of Buick GMC. "Today's
consumers are looking for vehicles that will provide the best value for
their money, which is what we strive to accomplish with GMC vehicles.
This award proves that we are achieving our goal."
About GMC
GMC has built trucks since 1902, and is one of the industry's
healthiest brands. Today GMC is evolving to offer more fuel-efficient
trucks and crossovers, including the Terrain small SUV and
Acadia crossover. The new GMC Sierra Heavy Duty pickups are the most
capable and powerful trucks in the market. Innovation and engineering
excellence are woven into all GMCs, including the Yukon and Yukon XL
and full line of Sierra pickups. Today GMC is the only manufacturer
offering three full-size hybrid trucks. Details on all GMC models are
available at www.gmc.com, on Twitter at @thisisgmc or at www.facebook.com/gmc.
See your local GMC dealer: Witte, Inc GMC - Karnes City, Texas - 830-780-4441


text: Snapshots of our work: Higher Education equality, a new play 'The Anointed', and Project Runway Wonder what we're up to at GLAAD? Be sure to check out GLAAD's Blog each week for updates about our latest work to build support for LGBT equality through news, entertainment and online media. Issues: Entertainment, Television, News, Local and Regional News, People of Color, Transgender, Young Adult


text:
Dallas Market Center Group Events of 10 or more are provided COMPLIMENTARY scheduled transportation to/from the venue AND an additional 15% off the current Markets rate with a minimum two nights stay!
Special Packages Offers are not valid when lodging discounts or other package offers have been applied.
Special Event Packages listed are available through the Ramada-Dallas Love Field location only.
American Airline Center, Dallas Market Center and Other Dallas Events
Enjoy our Texas size Complimentary Breakfast.
Large Rooms with Internet Access, Pool, Business Center and more.


text:
Ben and Jerry's has expanded its ice cream product offerings with Core – a new line of ice cream that comes in four flavors and features a flavored center, splitting two types of ice cream.
Ben & Jerry's newest ice cream line, flavors
Published On: Feb 25 2014 09:54:23 AM HST Updated On: Apr 30 2014 09:01:07 AM HST
The views expressed are not those of this site, this station or its affiliated companies. By posting your comments you agree to accept our terms of use.blog comments powered by Disqus


text:
FERPA Policy
Please visit our Student Policies website; to review FERPA regulations regarding:
When a student is enrolled at Baylor University they will have a Baylor student account on which all charges and payments will be recorded. The Baylor student account number is the student's unique Baylor ID number.
Release of InformationThe Family Education Right and Privacy Act (FERPA) generally prohibits information released from financial and educational records without the student's consent except in a limited number of circumstances.
Adding an Authorized User is your written consent that an individual may view your account information and make payments on your behalf. In addition, per federal regulations, if a parent uses tax information to help a dependent -i.e. filling out the FAFSA,-financial information can be shared with that particular parent. For more information and step by step instructions on setting up Authorized Users please click here or you can go directly to the E-Bill System to add an Authorized User.
If you need to give consent for a person who cannot be set up as an Authorized User because they do not have an email address, you can instead submit a Release of Information consent form in BearWeb. Go to BearWeb >Student Financial Services >Student Account >Consent to Release Information - Add New and enter the requested information to give Baylor consent to discuss the student's account with the designated person.
Please visit our Student Policies website to review FERPA regulations regarding:
• Release of Student Information
• Directory Information
Per federal regulations, if a parent uses tax information to help a dependent, Baylor is allowed to share financial information with that particular parent.
Contact Information for:
Student Financial Services - Cashier's Office and Student Financial Aid Office


text:
Wednesday, June 6, 2012 - 1:00pm.
North Building - Level Three
Included in general admission
Insider Moment: Printmaker Melanie Yazzie's DAM Inspiration (June 6)
Artist-in-residence Melanie Yazzie prints, paints, and sculpts in the museum this summer. Join master teacher Heather Nielsen for an Insider Moment with the Boulder-based artist and hear what inspires her in the DAM's American Indian art collection. Also, take a peek in her studio and hear about the sculpting process Yazzie will use to create 18 wood panels during her residency.
Additional Insider Moments with Yazzie are scheduled for June 27 and July 25.
Free with general admission. No reservations needed. Please meet on level three of the North Building in the American Indian art galleries, near the elevators.


text:
Wendy Bruening, PhD; Joann Fontanarosa, PhD; Kelley Tipton, MPH; Jonathan R. Treadwell, PhD; Jason Launders, MSc; Karen Schoelles, MD, SM
Disclaimer: The authors of this report are responsible for its content. Statements in the report should not be construed as endorsements by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Acknowledgment: The ECRI Institute Evidence-based Practice Center thanks Eileen Erinoff, MSLIS, and Helen Dunn for providing literature retrieval and documentation management support and Lydia Dharia and Katherine Donahue for their assistance with the preparation of the manuscript.
Grant Support: This project was supported by the ECRI Institute Evidence-based Practice Center, Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania, with funding from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality under contract no. 290-02-0019, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Potential Conflicts of Interest: Drs. Bruening, Fontarosa, and Schoelles and Mr. Launders have disclosed the following: Grants received/pending (money to institution): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Disclosures can also be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M09-1480.
Requests for Single Reprints: Karen Schoelles, MD, SM, ECRI Institute, 5200 Butler Pike, Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462-1298; e-mail, email@example.com.
Current Author Addresses: Drs. Bruening, Fontanarosa, Treadwell, and Schoelles; Ms. Tipton; and Mr. Launders: ECRI Institute, 5200 Butler Pike, Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462-1298.
Author Contributions: Conception and design: W. Bruening, J.R. Treadwell, K. Schoelles.
Analysis and interpretation of the data: W. Bruening, J. Fontanarosa, J.R. Treadwell, K. Schoelles.
Drafting of the article: W. Bruening, J. Fontanarosa.
Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: J.R. Treadwell, J. Launders, K. Schoelles.
Final approval of the article: W. Bruening, J. Fontanarosa, J.R. Treadwell, K. Schoelles.
Statistical expertise: W. Bruening, J.R. Treadwell, K. Schoelles.
Administrative, technical, or logistic support: W. Bruening.
Collection and assembly of data: J. Fontanarosa, K. Tipton.
Bruening W, Fontanarosa J, Tipton K, Treadwell JR, Launders J, Schoelles K. Systematic Review: Comparative Effectiveness of Core-Needle and Open Surgical Biopsy to Diagnose Breast Lesions. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152:238-246. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-152-1-201001050-00190
Download citation file:
© 2016
Published: Ann Intern Med. 2010;152(4):238-246.
Most women undergoing breast biopsy are found not to have cancer.
To compare the accuracy and harms of different breast biopsy methods in average-risk women suspected of having breast cancer.
Databases, including MEDLINE and EMBASE, searched from 1990 to September 2009.
Studies that compared core-needle biopsy diagnoses with open surgical diagnoses or clinical follow-up.
Data were abstracted by 1 of 3 researchers and verified by the primary investigator.
33 studies of stereotactic automated gun biopsy; 22 studies of stereotactic-guided, vacuum-assisted biopsy; 16 studies of ultrasonography-guided, automated gun biopsy; 7 studies of ultrasonography-guided, vacuum-assisted biopsy; and 5 studies of freehand automated gun biopsy met the inclusion criteria. Low-strength evidence showed that core-needle biopsies conducted under stereotactic guidance with vacuum assistance distinguished between malignant and benign lesions with an accuracy similar to that of open surgical biopsy. Ultrasonography-guided biopsies were also very accurate. The risk for severe complications is lower with core-needle biopsy than with open surgical procedures (<1% vs. 2% to 10%). Moderate-strength evidence showed that women in whom breast cancer was initially diagnosed by core-needle biopsy were more likely than women with cancer initially diagnosed by open surgical biopsy to be treated with a single surgical procedure (random-effects odds ratio, 13.7 [95% CI, 5.5 to 34.6]).
The strength of evidence was rated low for accuracy outcomes because the studies did not report important details required to assess the risk for bias.
Stereotactic- and ultrasonography-guided core-needle biopsy procedures seem to be almost as accurate as open surgical biopsy, with lower complication rates.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
There are several different methods of performing breast biopsies.
This systematic review compared open surgical biopsy and core-needle biopsy (CNB) techniques for diagnosing cancer in women with a palpable or nonpalpable breast abnormality. Multiple studies suggested that stereotactic and ultrasonography-guided CNB were almost as accurate as open biopsy and that CNB had a lower risk for complications. Also, women with cancer diagnosed by CNB were more often treated with a single surgical procedure than were women with disease that was initially diagnosed by open biopsy.
Details of the accuracy studies were poorly reported, which made it difficult to evaluate the validity of findings.
—The Editors
Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer in women, with more than 180 000 new cases diagnosed each year in the United States (1). Women suspected of having breast cancer are usually referred for breast biopsy to determine whether the lesion is benign or malignant and whether further treatment is needed. Most women who are referred for breast biopsy do not have malignant lesions and do not require follow-up treatment (2). Biopsies may be performed by open surgery (excisional or incisional biopsy) or by minimally invasive core-needle methods. Core-needle biopsy (CNB) involves removing small samples of breast tissue through a hollow large-core needle inserted through the skin. Minimally invasive CNB has fewer complications and a shorter recovery time than open surgical biopsy. However, women and clinicians may have concerns about the consequences of misdiagnoses based on inaccurate CNB results that could be avoided by using open surgical biopsy.
There are many different ways to perform CNB in current clinical practice. The suspicious lesion may be located by palpation or by imaging (stereotactic mammography, ultrasonography, or magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]). A device that uses vacuum suction to assist in removing tissue samples is sometimes used. Different sizes of needles may be used, and different numbers of samples may be taken. The relative accuracy of the various CNB methods, and their accuracy compared with open surgical biopsy in diagnosing suspicious breast lesions, is unclear. A sufficiently accurate method of performing minimally invasive CNB may allow many women to avoid surgery and reduce the number of surgical procedures that women with cancer undergo during treatment.
We sought to evaluate the accuracy and safety of breast biopsy methods, determine what factors may affect the accuracy of these methods, and explore their possible harms.
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality commissioned this review; a technical report that describes all methods and results, including additional analyses, is published elsewhere (3). We developed and followed a standard protocol for the review. We focused on the use of CNB to evaluate average-risk women with screening-detected suspected primary cancer confined to the breast. Fine-needle aspiration is not considered or discussed.
The topic was nominated in a public process. A technical expert panel provided input on key steps, including selection of the questions to be examined and the protocol for data analysis and interpretation. The draft key questions were finalized after being posted for public comment. This systematic review was commissioned to address the following key questions:
1. In women with a palpable or nonpalpable breast abnormality, what is the accuracy of different types of core-needle breast biopsy compared with open biopsy for diagnosis?
2. In women with a palpable or nonpalpable breast abnormality, what are the harms associated with different types of core-needle breast biopsy compared with open biopsy in the diagnosis of breast cancer?
We searched bibliographic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL, to identify clinical trials and other information published between 1990 and 10 November 2008; the searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE were updated to September 2009 (Appendix Table 1). The major search terms and concepts searched included (but are not limited to) the following: biopsy, breast biopsy, breast diseases, breast cancer, breast tumor, excision, incisional, large core, Mammotome, needle biopsy, percutaneous biopsy, stereotactic breast biopsy, and surgery. Appendix Table 2 provides a complete list of search terms and strategies.
Appendix Table 1.
Appendix Table 2.
For the analysis of accuracy, we included studies of diagnostic test performance that met the following a priori criteria: direct comparison of CNB with open surgical biopsy or clinical follow-up for 6 months or longer in the same group of patients; enrollment of 10 or more women referred for biopsy for the purpose of primary diagnosis of a breast abnormality; full data reported for at least 50% of the patients originally enrolled in the study (to avoid bias due to excessive or differential attrition); and published as an English-language, full-length, peer-reviewed article. Case–control studies were excluded because they have been shown to overestimate the accuracy of diagnostic tests (4). We excluded studies that used biopsy instruments that are no longer available and studies that enrolled women thought to be at very high risk for breast cancer because of family history, personal history, or BRCA mutations. The Appendix Figure shows the study selection process.
CNB = core-needle biopsy; FNA = fine-needle aspiration; KQ = key question.
Abstracts of articles identified by the literature searches were screened in duplicate for possible relevance by 3 research assistants. The principal investigator approved all exclusions at the abstract level. The full-length articles of studies that seemed relevant at the abstract level were then obtained, and 3 research assistants examined the articles in duplicate to see whether they met the inclusion criteria. The principal investigator resolved any conflicts. A detailed list of the excluded articles and primary reason for exclusion is available on request.
We created standardized data abstraction forms, and each reviewer entered the data into the SRS 4.0 database (Mobius Analytics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada). One of 3 research assistants abstracted the data for each article, and the principal investigator verified the accuracy of the abstracted data.
One of 3 research assistants rated the internal validity of each of the studies by using a modified version of the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies instrument (5). Aspects of internal validity addressed by the instrument include patient recruitment being either consecutive or random, patient inclusion and exclusion criteria applied consistently, freedom from obvious spectrum bias, prospective design, completeness of data reporting, completeness of assessment of patients by the reference standard, accounting for interreader differences, and blinding of the readers and outcome assessors. Appendix Table 3 provides the full list of items.
Appendix Table 3.
We graded the strength of evidence supporting each major conclusion as high, moderate, low, or insufficient. The principal investigator determined the grade for each conclusion after considering various important domains as suggested in the Comparative Effectiveness Review Draft Methods Guide and in accordance with a strength and stability of evidence grading system developed by ECRI Institute (6, 7). Four domains were evaluated: quality (potential risk for bias, or "internal validity") of the evidence base, precision of the evidence (measured by the CI around the summary estimates), consistency (agreement across studies) of the findings, and robustness of the findings (as determined by sensitivity analysis). We rated the potential for bias as low, moderate, or high by using the instrument for quality of the evidence as described. We rated the domains of precision, consistency, and robustness as either sufficient or insufficient. We addressed applicability of the evidence by excluding studies that enrolled patient populations that were not asymptomatic, normal-risk women participating in routine breast cancer screening programs. The domain of "directness" (whether the evidence demonstrates that the diagnostic test directly affects patient health outcomes) was not incorporated into the grade for diagnostic accuracy outcomes, because the direct impact of diagnostic tests on patient health outcomes is difficult to ascertain from the data reported by diagnostic accuracy studies.
We made 3 key assumptions: 1) the "reference standard," open surgical biopsy or clinical and radiologic follow-up for at least 6 months, was 100% accurate; 2) the pathologists diagnosing the open surgical biopsy results were 100% accurate in diagnosing the material submitted to them; and 3) CNB diagnoses of cancer (invasive or in situ) that could not be confirmed by an open surgical procedure were assumed to have been correct where the CNB procedure completely removed the lesion (8). In addition, most studies reported data on a per-lesion rather than a per-patient basis; however, few of the enrolled women underwent biopsy of more than 1 lesion. Therefore, we analyzed the data on a per-lesion basis.
We performed 2 primary types of analyses: a standard diagnostic accuracy analysis and an analysis of underestimation rates. For the diagnostic accuracy analysis, true-negative results were defined as lesions diagnosed as benign on CNB that were found to be benign by the reference standard; false-negative results were defined as lesions diagnosed as benign on CNB that were found to be malignant (invasive or in situ) by the reference standard; true-positive results were defined as lesions diagnosed as malignant (invasive or in situ) on CNB and high-risk lesions that were found to be malignant (invasive or in situ) on the reference standard; and false-positive results were defined as lesions diagnosed as high risk (most commonly atypical ductal hyperplasia [ADH] lesions) on CNB that were found not to be malignant (invasive or in situ) by the reference standard.
We meta-analyzed the data reported by the studies by using a bivariate mixed-effects binomial regression model described by Harbord and colleagues (9). All such analyses were computed by STATA, version 10.0 (StataCorp, College Station, Texas), using the "midas" command (10). The summary likelihood ratios and Bayes theorem were used to calculate the posttest probability of having a benign or malignant lesion. In cases where a bivariate binomial regression model could not be fit (primarily owing to heterogeneity of study results), we meta-analyzed the data by using a random-effects model (11) and Meta-DiSc software (Unit of Clinical Biostatistics, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain). We performed meta-regressions with Meta-DiSc and assessed heterogeneity with the I2 measure (12, 13).
For the analysis of underestimation rates, lesions that CNB diagnosed as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) but the reference standard found to be invasive were counted as underestimates. Similarly, "high-risk" lesions (most commonly ADH) that the reference standard found to be malignant (in situ or invasive) were counted as underestimates. We calculated the underestimation rate as the number of underestimates per number of DCIS (or "high risk") diagnoses and expressed this as a percentage (the proportion of DCIS or ADH diagnoses that were underestimates).
We meta-analyzed the underestimation rates and all other outcomes with a random-effects model (11) using CMA software (Biostat, Englewood, New Jersey). We did not assess the possibility of publication bias because statistical methods developed to assess the possibility of publication bias in treatment studies have been shown to be invalid for use with studies of diagnostic accuracy (14, 15).
This project was funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The funding source was involved in developing the key questions and objectives of the systematic review and provided copyright release for the manuscript but did not participate in the literature search, data selection, abstraction, analysis, or interpretation of findings.
Our literature searches identified 107 studies of 57 088 breast lesions that met the inclusion criteria (Appendix Figure). All were diagnostic cohort studies that enrolled women found to have suspicious breast abnormalities on routine screening (mammography or physical examination). The women were sent for various types of breast biopsies, and the accuracy of the breast biopsy was determined by comparing the results of breast biopsy with the results of open surgery or patient follow-up. We rated the evidence as being of overall low quality (greater potential for bias) in part because of poor reporting of study and patient details (Figure). Appendix Table 4 describes these studies (16–127).
These 5 study quality measures are, in the authors' judgment, highly important for reducing the risk for bias when addressing the key questions of this review. The measures are listed in order of importance (as judged by the authors) from top to bottom. "Reported sufficient relevant clinical information" refers to whether the study reported sufficient information about the study design, patient selection and characteristics, breast lesion characteristics, and biopsy methods to fully address the key questions and fully assess the potential for bias in the study design. "Index test results blinded" refers to whether readers of the reference standard were aware of biopsy results. "Differential verification bias avoided" refers to whether the reference standard was chosen without regard to biopsy results. "Representative spectrum enrolled" refers to whether the enrolled patient population resembles the "usual" patient population seen in clinical practice. "Avoided selection bias" refers to whether the study clearly enrolled all or consecutive patients by applying consistent inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Appendix Table 4.
Thirty-three studies of 7153 biopsies used stereotactic guidance and an automated biopsy gun (16–48); 22 studies of 7512 biopsies used stereotactic guidance and a vacuum-assisted device to perform CNB (27, 31, 49–68); 7 studies of 507 biopsies used ultrasonographic guidance and a vacuum-assisted device to perform breast biopsies (69–75); and 5 studies of 610 biopsies reported data on the accuracy of nonguided (freehand) CNB performed with automated biopsy gun devices (76–80). We fit bivariate binomial models to the accuracy data reported by the studies of each type of CNB. In addition, 16 studies of 7124 biopsies used ultrasonographic guidance and an automated biopsy gun to perform CNB (73, 81–95). We did not fit a bivariate binomial model to this data set because of heterogeneity; instead, we used random-effects models to pool the reported diagnostic accuracy. In addition, we found 1 eligible study that reported data on the accuracy of CNB performed with automated biopsy guns guided by a perforated compression grid (96) and 1 eligible study that reported data on the accuracy of MRI-guided CNB performed with automated biopsy guns (97). An additional 24 studies that met the inclusion criteria used multiple CNB methods and did not report the data separately for different biopsy methods (98–121).
We did not identify any clinical studies of open surgical biopsy published since 1990 that met our inclusion criteria. We identified an article from 1998 that reviewed the accuracy of open surgical biopsy (122). Antley and colleagues reviewed the available information (published literature and patient charts available in the authors' medical center) on the accuracy of open surgical biopsy and concluded that open surgical biopsy missed 1% to 2% of cases of breast cancer (sensitivity ≥98%). The investigators based this estimate on a review of archived open biopsy material by a second pathologist, a chart review of current cases, a published study of cases of benign results on biopsy after a very suspicious mammogram, and expert opinion (123–125).
We did not identify information on estimates of underestimation rates for open surgical biopsy. However, underestimation is generally believed to be due to failure to sample all important areas of a lesion. For example, a lesion may contain a focus of carcinoma within a cluster of atypical cells. Core-needle techniques may fail to sample areas with carcinoma cells, leading to underestimation. Because open surgical biopsy samples most or all of the lesion, in theory underestimation should not occur. Therefore, we assumed that open surgical biopsy has an underestimation rate of 0 or close to 0.
Table 1 shows results of our analyses on the accuracy of different breast biopsy methods. For our conclusions on accuracy, we graded the strength of the supporting evidence as low because of the low quality of the evidence base, although we rated the quantity, consistency, and robustness as sufficient.
Table 1.
We recorded the complications and harms reported by the 107 studies that met the inclusion criteria (Table 2). Severe complications after CNB are very rare, occurring in fewer than 1% of procedures. Vacuum-assisted procedures may be associated with slightly more severe bleeding events than automated gun procedures. The strength of evidence supporting the quantitative estimates of the frequency of complications is low.
Table 2.
A particularly important finding from data reported by 31 studies was that women with breast cancer diagnosed by CNB could usually be treated with a single surgical procedure, but women with breast cancer diagnosed by open surgical biopsy often required more than 1 surgical procedure (random-effects odds ratio, 13.7 [95% CI, 5.6 to 34.6]). Because of the consistency, robustness, and great strength of association between type of biopsy and the requirement for more than 1 surgery for treatment, we rated the strength of evidence supporting this conclusion as moderate.
We also performed several meta-regressions to identify factors that affect the accuracy and harms of CNB (Appendix Tables 5 and 6). Use of image guidance and vacuum assistance improved the accuracy of CNB; however, vacuum assistance increased the percentage of procedures complicated by severe bleeding and hematoma formation. Performing biopsies with patients seated upright increased the incidence of vasovagal reactions.
Appendix Table 5.
Appendix Table 6.
Our meta-regressions did not identify a statistically significant effect of the following factors on the results: needle size, method of verification of biopsy (open surgery, open surgery and at least 6 months' follow-up, or open surgery and at least 2 years' follow-up), whether the studies were conducted at a single center or at multiple centers, whether the studies were conducted in general hospitals or dedicated cancer clinics, or the country in which the study was conducted. The studies reported insufficient information about lesions characteristics, patient characteristics, or the training or experience of the persons performing the biopsies to explore the effect of such factors on the accuracy or harms of the biopsies.
When making decisions about what type of biopsy to use, women and their health care providers must weigh the pros and cons of each biopsy type. The location and type of lesion, as well as other medical considerations, sometimes dictate the type of biopsy, but in many cases, patient preference is the most important factor in the decision. Open surgical biopsy is highly accurate; however, CNB is associated with a much lower incidence of harms and morbidity. In addition, women with cancer diagnosed by CNB undergo fewer surgeries during treatment than do women with cancer diagnosed by open biopsy.
The crux of the decision then becomes the question of whether CNB is sufficiently accurate. The answer may vary according to the individual woman's estimated prebiopsy chance of having cancer (an estimate derived from mammography results and other prebiopsy clinical history and examination information) and her desire to avoid risk. For some women, CNB will never be accurate enough to satisfy their desire to know with perceived certainty whether they do or do not have cancer. For others, the greater safety and less invasive nature of CNB is worth the very small sacrifice in accuracy.
For stereotactic-guided, vacuum-assisted CNB, the low rates of DCIS and ADH underestimation may affect treatment planning. The surgeon performing the follow-up open surgical procedure can be reasonably confident that a malignant tumor is not present, and he or she therefore may plan to remove the lesion by using a breast-conserving approach and may decide not to sample the axillary lymph nodes. Some women and physicians may decide that the ADH underestimation rate is low enough to safely substitute surveillance for an open biopsy procedure after diagnosis of ADH by CNB.
The ratings of low strength of evidence apply to the individual estimates of accuracy for each type of CNB. The poor reporting in the included studies meant that the studies may be consistently biased toward finding that CNBs are more accurate than they actually are. Consequently, we treated the studies as possibly having low internal validity. During decision making, women and health care providers must consider the clinical implications of cancer missed on CNB. In many cases, cancer will be detected on subsequent mammography follow-up, resulting in delayed diagnosis. The clinical importance of a few months' delay in diagnosing breast cancer is unclear.
Our review has limitations. Our conclusions are rated as being supported by evidence of low strength (on a 4-item scale from insufficient to high). This rating largely stems from the fact that the evidence base, while large and consistent, includes poorly reported diagnostic cohort studies and poorly reported, unblinded retrospective chart reviews. Poor reporting often made it difficult to determine whether studies were likely to be affected by bias. Studies with aspects known to introduce bias, such as a case–control design or patient selection bias, were excluded. Publication of well-designed, well-reported diagnostic accuracy studies would permit verification that our conclusions are accurate and not influenced by biases in the studies that we included.
We found that both stereotactic-guided, vacuum-assisted and ultrasonography-guided CNB are safer than open surgical biopsy and are almost as accurate as open surgical biopsy, which justifies their routine use. However, well-reported retrospective chart reviews, retrospective database analyses, or prospective diagnostic accuracy studies are needed to address unanswered questions about which factors affect the accuracy and harms of breast CNB. These answers are important for both patients and clinicians to help them decide which type of breast biopsy is best in individual cases. Additional studies of MRI-guided biopsy are needed to evaluate the accuracy and safety of MRI guidance.
In conclusion, we found the highest sensitivity for CNB methods that use stereotactic guidance, particularly in conjunction with vacuum assistance. Ultrasonography-guided CNB also has very high accuracy. In general, women who have CNB undergo fewer surgical procedures than women who initially are diagnosed by open surgical biopsy. Therefore, on the basis of currently available evidence, it seems reasonable to substitute certain CNB procedures for open surgical biopsy, given the similar sensitivity and lower complication rates for some of these percutaneous methods.
Terms of Use
The In the Clinic® slide sets are owned and copyrighted by the American College of Physicians (ACP). All text, graphics, trademarks, and other intellectual property incorporated into the slide sets remain the sole and exclusive property of the ACP. The slide sets may be used only by the person who downloads or purchases them and only for the purpose of presenting them during not-for-profit educational activities. Users may incorporate the entire slide set or selected individual slides into their own teaching presentations but may not alter the content of the slides in any way or remove the ACP copyright notice. Users may make print copies for use as hand-outs for the audience the user is personally addressing but may not otherwise reproduce or distribute the slides by any means or media, including but not limited to sending them as e-mail attachments, posting them on Internet or Intranet sites, publishing them in meeting proceedings, or making them available for sale or distribution in any unauthorized form, without the express written permission of the ACP. Unauthorized use of the In the Clinic slide sets will constitute copyright infringement.
Hematology/Oncology, Healthcare Delivery and Policy, High Value Care, Breast Cancer, Prevention/Screening.
Results provided by:
Copyright © 2016 American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.
Print ISSN: 0003-4819 | Online ISSN: 1539-3704
Privacy Policy
Conditions of Use
This PDF is available to Subscribers Only


text:
Iowa's Mississippi River Towns
- Mississippi River From Pike's Peak
- Delta Covered Bridge in Keokuk County
- A. T. Andreas' illustrated historical atlas of the State of Iowa--Muscatine City 1875
- A. T. Andreas' illustrated historical atlas of the State of Iowa--Davenport 1875
- Map of Dubuque, 1889
- Map of Davenport, 1888
- Map of Fort Madison, 1889
- Dubuque Seeks Opportunity
- Steamboats Travel Inland Rivers of Iowa
- Davenport Germans Maintained Tradition
- Lumber Milling in Iowa
- Mississippi River Fuels Iowa Industry
You will need Flash player to view this file.
Download it for free at www.adobe.com.
Map of Davenport, Iowa, 1875
Library of Congress Geography and Map Division
Iowa Pathways: Iowa History Resources for Students and Teachers
Home ~ My Path ~ Artifacts ~ Timeline ~ Quest ~ Teacher Resources ~ Project Information ~ SponsorsIowa Pathways © 2005 - 2016 Iowa Public Television


text:
Your cart is empty
Subtotal $0.00
Subtotal $0.00
MyDigitalDiscount.com : Shop by Brand
Want to see what MyDigitalDiscount.com has to offer from the brand names you trust? Let our Shop by Brand page help you easily navigate through the all of the brands we currently offer.
Welcome to MyDigitalDiscount.com! Login | Register
|Need help finding something? Call us Toll Free at 1-866-217-1800 or


text:
"I am a convert to the Catholic Church and barely knew the basics about the faith. I have learned so much since I have been listening to Catholic Answers Live. Thank you for answering my questions and helping me better understand my faith."
~ Brenda, Vancouver, WA
0 results sorted by popularity
"I did not think anything like it or anything so holy could be received in this life."
~ Richard Rolle of Hampole, 14th century solitary and writer, in describing passage through the purgative, illuminative and contemplative ways.


text:
Blog Archives
When to Worry about Chest Pain
Do you know when chest pains are cause for alarm or an antacid? Chest pain can occur for a variety of reasons. While some causes are dangerous, not all pains you feel are cause for concern. Trying to determine the …
Categories: Cardiac Health Tags: angina, Arlington, blood clot, blood vessel, chest pain, emergency, heart, heart attack, heartburn, lung, Medical Center Arlington, Pneumonia, pressure, squeeze, swelling, symptoms, tight, TX 0 Comments and Reactions


text:
Nice & Central Copenhagen
Majoittumaan mahtuu3
Koko20 m²
- Pesukone / kuivausrumpu
- Parveke/terassi
- Internet/WiFi
- Pyyhkeet
- Vauvansänky
- Astianpesukone
- Keittiö
Accommodation summary
|Thorvaldsensvej, 1871 Frederiksberg, Tanska
|Oma huone
|Kohteen ID
|Vastausten määrä
|Pari tuntia
|Kalenteri päivitetty
A upon request breakfast is available for purchase.
Talon säännöt
> Smoking is not allowed
> We cannot accommodate guest pets
> Children are welcome
> No childcare is provided
> Consumption of alcohol is permitted
> Check in time is to be agreed and Check out time is to be agreed
|Hinta > 2 vieraalta
|21 € yhdeltä vieraalta/lisä-yö
|Saapuminen aikaisintaan
|Sopimuksen mukaan
|Saapuminen ennen:
|Sopimuksen mukaan
|Lähtö viimeistään
|Sopimuksen mukaan
Tämän majoituksen arvostelut
(English version below)
Wir haben zwei Nächte bei Frederic verbracht. Das Zimmer ist einfach wunderschön und liegt unheimlich praktisch. Wir konnten problemlos zu Fuß in die Innenstadt gelangen. Alles war vorhanden und Frederic hat uns uns viele Tipps gegeben um die Stadt zu erkunden. Wir hatten sogar einen Parkplatz direkt vor der Wohnung und Frederic hat uns erklärt wo wie die Tageskarten für das Parken bekommen. Jederzeit gerne wieder.
Ilona und Sebastian
We stayed two nights at Frederic's apartment and it was great. The room was beautiful and is located directly in Copenhagen. We reached the city by foot without any problems. We had everything we needed and Frederic had a lot of information for us, concerning our trip to Copenhagen. We had a parking space direct in front of the house and Frederic explained us how to get a daily ticket. We can easily imagine to come back.
Ilona and Sebastian
This was our second stay with Frederic who is a wonderful host. His place is always a great place to stay--easy to get to, light and airy with a nice courtyard to enjoy. We loved our stay and recommend it highly.
We didn't meet Frederic but his mother who was very kind and welcoming. The flat is in a very nice area and a lot of nice places are in a walkable distance. Frederic left us a map with a lot of nice recommendations which was really friendly.
We had a warm welcome at our arrival. Frederic told us about the city and gave a lot of suggestions for hotspots: restaurants, neighbourhoods, shops and musea.
The room was clean, and quite large. Interesting books about Copenhagen, art, architecture were in the room. The bathroom and kitchen did we had to share with other guests, but this was no problem at all. A good place for a next visit.
Frederic is a wonderful host. His place is light and sunny with a lovely private courtyard. It is located near both bus lines and walking distance from the Metro line that goes directly to the airport. I recommend it highly - an excellent place to stay in Copenhagen.
We stayed one night at Frederics space. Its a very cosy designed flat with lots of inspiring books, decoration and furnitures. Frederics mum was taking care about us at our arrival and gave us lots of usefull informations about the parking zones, restaurants and of course how the flat "works". We enjoyed the one night in Copenhagen an this nice neighbourhood (only 10 minutes walk to the center) and wonderful flat. Thank you so much I can really highly recommend this flat.
It was nice but not at all what we expected. The door to our room had no lock and the bathroom was shared with 5-6 other people. This is no place for privacy and relaxation. The room was beautiful but it is hard to see the benefit when compared to a regular hotel. The cost is about the same.
Very nice appartment.
Frederic is a wonderfull host, who has many recomendations for places to see in Copenhagen.
Thank You again, Frederic.
Lovely big room with tea and coffee making facilities. Nice quiet area handy to underground and a bus stop just down the road. Frederic was away during my stay but my sincere thanks to his mum who made me so welcome and showed me all the places to visit, also for spending hours fixing my computer for me.
- Majoituksen laatu on varmistettu
- Jokainen majoittaja on tarkistettu puhelimitse
- Turvallinen maksutapa käyttäen SSL -varmennetta


text:
Academics . Liberal Arts . Courses
José Carlos Teixeira
Champney Family Professor of Art
José Carlos Teixeira is currently the Champney Family Visiting Professor at Case Western Reserve Univer...more
While at CIA, you'll learn from the masters through our rigorous, world-class curriculum and connect with working professionals to begin your career.


text:
Minnesota rejects gay marriage ban in constitution
Published On: Nov 07 2012 08:26:43 AM CST Updated On: Nov 07 2012 08:23:45 AM CST
Minnesota voters have rejected a constitutional amendment to ban gay marriage.
The vote is a major victory for gay rights activists and their allies, who had never won an election on the issue. They also won ballot questions Tuesday on gay rights in Maine and Maryland.
It doesn't change things in Minnesota. A state law still makes gay marriage illegal.
Supporters of the amendment had said it was necessary to make it tougher for courts or the Legislature to overturn the law. But opponents raised millions to persuade voters it amounted to discrimination.
Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
Resolve Security and Throughput HPC Cloud Challenges
SARA identified the I/O virtualization support in Intel® Ethernet 10 Gigabit Converged Network Adapters as the ideal means of meeting both security and throughput requirements for its high-performance cloud computing network infrastructure.
To provide high-performance computing (HPC) resources for research, Netherlands-based SARA must maintain very high throughput for message-passing interface (MPI) workloads between virtual machines (VMs) in a cluster environment. InfiniBand*, the conventional interconnect choice for these types of clusters, did not support the required combination of security and performance in the cloud environment. SARA resolved that issue using Intel® Ethernet 10 Gigabit Converged Network Adapters.
• Provide a high-performance interconnect between VMs to support MPI workloads in a cloud infrastructure, while meeting the stringent security standards required to protect valuable intellectual property and other sensitive data.
• Overcome security limitations of basic InfiniBand in the cloud, without adding security layers such as iptables, ebtables, and VLAN tagging that impose severe TCP/IP overhead and reduce throughput to unacceptable levels, due to the limitations of IP over InfiniBand.
• Intel Ethernet 10 Gigabit Converged Network Adapters incorporate I/O virtualization with Intel® Virtualization Technology (Intel® VT) for Connectivity (Intel® VT-c) that enables lower CPU utilization and improved networking and I/O throughput.
• Data protection for the cloud is provided by PCI-SIG Single Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV), a key component of Intel VT-c, which helps ensure that data traffic within one VM cannot be accessed by other VMs, and other platform features such as Intel® Trusted Execution Technology (Intel® TXT), which ensures a trusted launch environment.
Read the full Resolve Security and Throughput HPC Cloud Challenges case study: http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/network-adapters/10-gigabit-network-adapters/10gbe-hpc-sara-study.html


text:
A great job for daydreamers
Also a professional singer, LaTournous' musical career started in the late '70s, was on hold for decades and resumed this past summer. Her fall schedule kicked off the weekend of September 27 through 29 with appearances at the Blue Mountain Ski Area in Palmerton, where she performed an eclectic program of old standards, swing, jazz, and big band music. Another art shared with a loved one, LaTournous' singing career is enthusiastically encouraged and supported by her husband, Tom Kovaleski, a Balanchine-trained dancer and director of performing arts at the Family Foundation School in Hancock, NY, a boarding school for at-risk students in grades nine through 12. LaTournous returns the favor by sometimes assisting him with his work, as she is currently doing for the school's upcoming production of "The Fantasticks," to be presented on Columbus Day Weekend. She notes that admission to the Friday evening performance is free to the general public.
All of LaTournous' original cut glass designs have been hand signed and are available for purchase at The Wayne County Historical Society Museum Shop, 810 Main St., Honesdale; Dorflinger Glass Factory Museum, Route 6, White Mills; and Teeter's Furniture store, Main Street, Hawley. Custom orders can be placed directly with LaTournous Crystal Designs at 570/226-4799, or email@example.com.


text:
Classic Crisco® Buttermilk Biscuits
- Prep Time: 20 min
- Cook Time: 15 min
- Ready Time: 35 min
- Yield: 9 biscuits
- Crisco® Original No-Stick Cooking Spray
- 1-3/4 cups Pillsbury BEST™ Self Rising Flour
- 1/4 teaspoon baking soda
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
- 3 tablespoons Crisco® All-Vegetable Shortening, cut into small pieces
- 1 cup buttermilk
- 1/4 cup Pillsbury BEST™ All Purpose Flour, for dusting
- 2 tablespoons butter, melted
Preparation Directions
- POSITION oven rack in center position. Heat oven to 475ºF. Spray an 8-inch cake pan with no-stick cooking spray.
- PULSE self-rising flour, baking soda and salt in bowl of food processor fitted with metal blade. Sprinkle shortening over flour mixture; pulse just until mixture forms pea-sized chunks. Pour buttermilk over the mixture; pulse until well-blended and a soft, sticky dough is formed. Let stand 2 to 3 minutes.
- PLACE all-purpose flour in a small, shallow dish. Spray an ice-cream scoop with no-stick cooking spray. Scoop dough into 10 portions; roll in flour to lightly dust each biscuit; shake off excess flour. Place biscuits close together in prepared pan; brush with melted butter.
- BAKE 15 minutes or until lightly golden brown. Let stand 2 to 3 minutes before serving warm with your favorite Smuckers® Jam, Jelly or Preserves.
- COMBINE dry ingredients in a large bowl; cut in shortening with a pastry blender or 2 knives until mixture forms pea-sized chunks. Pour buttermilk over the mixture; stir until well-blended and a soft, sticky dough is formed. Let stand 2 to 3 minutes. Form biscuits and bake as described above.
Nutritional Information Per Serving
Serving Size (1 biscuit of 9), Calories 160 (Calories from Fat 60), Total Fat 7g (Saturated Fat 3g, Trans Fat 0g), Cholesterol 10mg, Sodium 460mg, Total Carbohydrate 21g (Dietary Fiber 1g, Sugars 1g), Protein 4g; Percent Daily Value*: Vitamin A 2%, Vitamin C 0%, Calcium 10%, Iron 6%.
*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
* Ensure all recipe ingredients are gluten free by referencing the ingredient labels, as products may vary. If uncertain, contact the ingredient manufacturer.


text:
If Kakashi were to give Naruto Bell TEST Number 3, I think This time He may need Guy and Yamato to test Naruto growth . Naruto with Sage Mode and Total control of the Nine Tail would be to much for Kakashi alone what do you think?
Results 1 to 20 of 26


text:
Andy Loan
Office location: Courthouse
Position: appointed to six year terms
The office of County Assessor was created in the 1947 session of the Iowa Legislature. At the same time the elective office of city and township assessor was abolished. The assessor is appointed by the Conference Board. The following are some of the duties of the County Assessor:
- Assess all the taxable property within the county as provided by law
- Cooperate with and work with the Iowa Department of Revenue & Finance as required by law
- Access & examine all public records of the county to obtain information which may contribute to the accurate listing of taxable property
- Apply to district court for orders to examine witnesses and require the production of books and records of any person, firm, association, or corporation with the county whenever he has reason to believe that such action will lead to the accurate listing of taxable property.
Website: http://beacon.schneidercorp.com/?Site=ClaytonCountyIA


text:
The U.S. International Trade Commission on Wednesday notified Rambus, a technology developer, that it would extend the target date for completion of the investigation of Rambus case against Nvidia and its partners until July 26, 2010.
The ITC has requested further briefing regarding a license agreement between Rambus and Samsung Electronics. This action was brought by Rambus against Nvidia and other respondents alleging violation of Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930. The action is Investigation Number 337-TA-661.
Earlier ITC found Nvidia not guilty of infringing a number of Rambus patents, however, there are still things that the commission is investigating.
"We are confident the ITC will ultimately affirm that Rambus patents are valid and infringed by the respondents. While we are of course disappointed in the delay, we will comply with the commission's request for further briefing in this matter," said Thomas Lavelle, senior vice president and general counsel at Rambus.
Tags: Rambus, Nvidia, Business