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We are Korean Moms in training dedicated to psycho-analyzing our moms, reliving horrible memories of embarrassment and dread for the benefit of the public...all the while laughing like a wheezy grandpa. Someone needs to pay for our therapy...
Wednesday, March 19, 2008
#28 Scrubbing...
26 comments:
- R. Mihee said...
i'm dying, you're going to die too, when you read this: last night i got home and soaked in the bathtub for a while and was like, ew woah i have a lot of ddeh, but i lost my korean bath scrubby, so i told andy to get a new green scrub pad from the kitchen so i could use that instead!!! it totally hurt, but was worth it, i feel very clean.
- March 19, 2008 at 9:10 PM
- Chiyo said...
AHAAHAH!!! omg, you're going down a road that is going to end in ahjumah-dom!!! :) hahaha....
- March 19, 2008 at 9:25 PM
"there" *shudders
- March 25, 2008 at 11:57 PM
Oh no ddeh, is a pain in the ass. However, I didn't know that only Koreans had ddeh. I feel dirty without taking it off.
- July 5, 2008 at 1:19 PM
lol this is so true. My mom used to scrub me since i was very young (maybe 4?) and no matter how many times i tell her i hate this and it really hurts so much she will say "shut up. this is very necessary to clean ur body" and will scrub me for an hour. And she loves this italy towel. She always buys these from korea and keeps always spare new ones in case she loses and she sometimes asks me to scrub her back. but my mom has really good skin and so do i. So i owe it to this italy towels.!!
Italy towels rock!! i love them but yes they do hurt and make my skin so red for a while LOL
- July 21, 2008 at 9:44 PM
LOL! I think I peed my pants...
- July 25, 2008 at 11:48 AM
- Hyeree said...
HAHAHA great post. high five.
- July 25, 2008 at 12:39 PM
- Jullietta said...
Mum used to "ddaeh mi ruh" and call the "ddaeh" black spaghetti.
- August 1, 2008 at 4:16 AM
Scrubbing ddeh and then going under nice hot, almost scalding water has got to be one of the BEST feelings in the world. Uhhh.... I wish I was in Korean where it only costs manwon to get your ddeh scrubbed, I don't have the energy to do a decent job myself. Sigh.. :(
- August 6, 2008 at 2:36 AM
- Sue said...
I remember this cloth well. It was wrapped around a balled up washcloth for maximum effect.
- August 6, 2008 at 5:15 PM
- Suzanne Nam said...
i love that cloth!!! i totally stock up when i am in korea, i have a pink one with black stripes that's shaped like a mitten in the bathroom now.
- August 22, 2008 at 7:30 AM
- MBALADY said...
oh man i know i am making a lot of comments on old posts but this is too great. I can not wash with anything else now!!
- September 7, 2008 at 7:51 PM
this is the best when krn ajummas will go to the local YMCA and will soak in the sauna (stark naked) and then proceed to ddae mi ruh in the shower stalls...ah the memories
- October 6, 2008 at 1:26 AM
- Heather *IsaBella and Harrison's Mommy* said...
I have a nice case of KP - no, not Korean Pride, but Keratosis Pilaris... She would scrub that shit off until it came off! Basically, I just turned all red everywhere and it was still there but just "smoother"... She told me that it would disappear once I gave birth so of course, I got married and preggers in a jiffy-lube and guess what - I still have it! (Okay, it's actually not as bad as it used to be so maybe she was kinda right...) And she would try to scrub off my jum's too... Like that was going to work!
Love always,
- October 10, 2008 at 3:09 AM
This one totally brings me back to the days when my sister and I would sit in the tub and get scrubbed down by my mom hahahaha
- December 4, 2008 at 1:25 AM
When my mom didn't have that special sponge, she would rub her hands into my skin until the grim came off. It's quite effective. Try it.
- January 26, 2009 at 12:20 PM
- semiotech said...
This is true. I don't have a Korean mum, but my Korean wife does like to scrub me till my skin is red and sore.
That said, I do feel a lot cleaner afterwards.
- February 5, 2009 at 11:02 PM
- tonixtonix said...
Today I went and searched for my closest Korean grocer just to buy one of these and try it out for myself. $1.99 later and I am hooked. I think I scrubbed myself back 10 years!
- April 16, 2009 at 1:15 AM
Does anyone have a picture of what this cloth looks like? I'm not Korean... but Koreans have the BEST skin!~
- June 18, 2009 at 11:03 AM
- Brendel said...
I can't live without the Korean scrubbing mitt! I have shared this wonderful bath essential with my friends and they love it!
- June 17, 2010 at 12:21 PM
- Colima said...
Where can I get one of these Korean scrubbing mitts in Arizona or online? I used to go have body scrubs at a bath house in the Seattle area, but now I've moved to the desert and can't find one anywhere!
- July 5, 2010 at 6:39 PM
Amazon.com has my favorite italy towel - Salux. They come in pastel colors, are softer and more sudsy than the red and green ones, and are more durable than the knock-offs. I collect them every time I go to the Asian market, and have given them to friends and boyfriends, who are all now addicted.
- February 11, 2011 at 9:40 PM
My husband who is Japanese grew up using the Salux cloths, but once I gave him the Korean red or green viscose-type cloths, he was hooked. He even tells his Japanese friends that the Korean ones work better because they don't suds up as much. The viscose type of cloth is rougher, but I think that's why they're more effective in rubbing off more ddeh.
- March 20, 2011 at 6:44 AM
- Trvlgyrl said...
This is too funny and so true. I remember my mom scrubbing us until we were red and sore. Ironically enough I purchased some of those scrubbing cloths while I was in Korea and use them occasionally.
- April 30, 2011 at 12:10 AM
Hi Chiyo!
I recently came across your blog and i'm obsessed with korean womens beauty! i was so surprised to learn about the italy towel! what a wonderful way to clean yourself! i do have a few doubts though... I have old scars,hyperpigmentation,melasma and what not througout my body and face! also i have hyperpigmentation in my armpits and genital area. I desperatly want to remove them,,...is the korean body scrubbing technique good to remove all these imperfections? i am planning to buy one of those from my local hmart, but wanted to have few opinions before i do so :) I was a bit over weight before and i know the hyperpigmentation was due to that.. no i'm slim as a stick but the darkness has not gone.. please advice me!!! i love your blog!! keep up the wood work!
luv ya
- October 29, 2011 at 1:45 AM
hey chiyo! i love your site!
I recently discovered about the Italy towel from your website and I cant wait to try it out! but i have few questions though... I have hyperpigmentation in my armpits and genital area due to the weight i put on 2years back.. will i be able to remove them with the italy towel? or do u have any other korean beauty secrets? :) i desperatlet want to have even skin tone all over ( i have fair skin) also i have heard by using italy towel regularly it will remove blackheads and even stretch marks... is it true? keep up the good work!
luv ya
- October 29, 2011 at 7:56 AM


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Swing-voting independents see Barack Obama's plans for the economy negatively rather than positively by 54-38 percent in the latest ABC News/Washington Post poll, marking the president's challenges as he seeks re-election in still-troubled economic times.
It's no party for Mitt Romney either. Independents also rate his economic plans more unfavorably than favorably, by 47-35 percent. But more are undecided, giving Romney some room to maneuver; unlike Obama, Romney avoids majority criticism in this group.
Romney lags among moderates, and does less well among conservatives than Obama does among liberals. But the president's economic plans are underwater among middle- to upper-middle-income Americans, while Romney manages an even split in this group. And Obama's economic program is especially unpopular – by 2 to 1 among whites, though he does far better than Romney among nonwhites.
Obama also crosses the 50 percent negative line among registered voters, who see his economic program unfavorably rather than favorably by 51-43 percent. Romney's rating among registered voters is 46 to 40 percent unfavorable-favorable, again with more undecided.
Obama's challenges vs. Romney show more starkly when two of the president's weaker groups are combined – independents who are registered to vote. In this group, more see Obama's economic plans unfavorably than favorably by 56-36 percent; on Romney's it's 45-39 percent.
In sum this poll, produced for ABC by Langer Research Associates, highlights the mixture of economic discontent and partisan preferences that both candidates face. Overall, Americans respond negatively rather than positively to Obama's economic proposals by 50-43 percent, and to Romney's by 47-37 percent, with, as noted, sharp differences among groups.
GROUPS – Partisanship is one area in which Obama gains ground. Two thirds of liberals are on board with his economic agenda, while a smaller share of conservatives, 53 percent, line up behind Romney's. And Obama breaks even among political moderates, 48-46 percent favorable-unfavorable, while Romney's economic reviews in this group are negative by a 10-point margin.
Race and ethnicity are significant factors. As noted, whites see Obama's economic plans twice as negatively as positively, 62-31 percent. They break evenly on Romney's, 42-42 percent.
African-Americans, in contrast, see Obama's economic program positively by 81-15 percent, but Romney's by 22-68 percent. Latinos also respond more positively to Obama's plans than to Romney's, by 59-33 percent vs. 31-48 percent, respectively.
ROOM? – Indecision on Romney's economic plans -16 percent among all adults, vs. 7 percent on Obama's – leaves the Republican somewhat more room for persuasion. On the other hand, more have a "strongly" positive view of Obama's plans, 22 percent, than of Romney's, 13 percent.
But strength of sentiment cuts both ways: While Obama's strongly favorable score on his economic intentions exceeds Romney's by 9 percentage points, his strongly negative responses also run ahead of Romney's, by 5 points.
The economy by far is the top issue in the 2012 election, and, after more than three years on the job, Obama had a 55 percent negative rating for handling it in an ABC/Post poll last month. Nonetheless, he and Romney were essentially tied in trust to handle it, and few were persuaded that, had Romney been president since 2009, things would be any better.
METHODOLOGY – This ABC News/Washington Post poll was conducted by landline and cell phone June 6-10, 2012, among a random national sample of 1,007 adults. Results have a margin of sampling error of 3.5 points. The survey was produced for ABC News by Langer Research Associates of New York, N.Y., with sampling, data collection and tabulation by SSRS/Social Science Research Solutions of Media, Pa.

subset: commoncrawl


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Actor Johnny Depp Meets Navajo President Ben Shelly on Set
Actor Johnny Depp, who will play Tonto in the upcoming film version of The Lone Ranger, has begun filming in Monument Valley and last week was visited on set by Navajo Nation President Ben Shelly and Vice President Rex Lee Jim.
Gayle Dine' Chacon, Surgeon General of the Navajo Nation, spoke with Depp at length, particularly about preventing youth suicide on the reservation, and admitted to being "star struck." "He is a very charming man, very gracious and very concerned as well," she said, according to a People.com story. "He probably spent a good hour with us. Everybody else left the set, but he was still there. ... You feel that you are the only one there – that he's just focusing on you."
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Diversity and cross-cultural issues in Guinea
|Diversity and cross-cultural issues in [[{{#explode:Diversity and cross-cultural issues in Guinea| |5}} {{#explode:Diversity and cross-cultural issues in Guinea| |6}} {{#explode:Diversity and cross-cultural issues in Guinea| |7}}]]
|In fulfilling the Peace Corps' mandate to share the face of America with their host countries, Peace Corps is making special efforts to see that all of America's richness is reflected in the Volunteer corps. More Americans of color are serving in today's Peace Corps than at any time in recent years. Differences in race, ethnic background, age, religion, and sexual orientation are expected and welcomed among our Volunteers. Part of the Peace Corps' mission is to help dispel any notion that Americans are all of one origin or race and to establish that each of us is as thoroughly American as the other despite our many differences.
|See also:
In fulfilling the Peace Corps' mandate to share the face of America with our host countries, we are making special efforts to see that all of America's richness is reflected in the Volunteer corps. More Americans of color are serving in today's Peace Corps than at any time in recent years. Differences in race, ethnic background, age, religion, and sexual orientation are expected and welcomed among our Volunteers. Part of the Peace Corps' mission is to help dispel any notion that Americans are all of one origin or race and to establish that each of us is as thoroughly American as the other despite our many differences.
Our diversity helps us accomplish that goal. In other ways, however, it poses challenges. In Guinea, as in other Peace Corps host countries, Volunteers' behavior, lifestyle, background, and beliefs are judged in a cultural context very different from their own. Certain personal perspectives or characteristics commonly accepted in the United States may be quite uncommon, unacceptable, or even repressed in Guinea.
Outside of Guinea's capital, residents of rural communities have had relatively little direct exposure to other cultures, races, religions, and lifestyles. What people view as typical American behavior or norms may be a misconception, such as the belief that all Americans are rich and have blond hair and blue eyes. The people of Guinea are justly known for their generous hospitality to foreigners; however, members of the community in which you will live may display a range of reactions to cultural differences that you present.
To ease the transition and adapt to life in Guinea, you may need to make some temporary, yet fundamental compromises in how you present yourself as an American and as an individual. For example, female trainees and Volunteers may not be able to exercise the independence available to them in the United States; political discussions need to be handled with great care; and some of your personal beliefs may best remain undisclosed. You will need to develop techniques and personal strategies for coping with these and other limitations. The Peace Corps staff will lead diversity and sensitivity discussions during pre-service training and will be on call to provide support, but the challenge ultimately will be your own.
- 1 Overview of Diversity in Guinea
- 2 What Might a Volunteer Face?
Overview of Diversity in Guinea
The Peace Corps staff in Guinea recognizes adjustment issues that come with diversity and will endeavor to provide support and guidance. During pre-service training, several sessions will be held to discuss diversity and coping mechanisms. We look forward to having male and female Volunteers from a variety of races, ethnic groups, ages, religions, and sexual orientations, and hope that you will become part of a diverse group of Americans who take pride in supporting one another and demonstrating the richness of American culture.
What Might a Volunteer Face?
Possible Issues for Female Volunteers
Female Volunteers who are single are often considered an oddity by Guineans because most Guinean women, particularly in rural areas, are married, some with children, by the time they are 20. Single women also face what in the United States would be considered inappropriate advances from Guinean male colleagues, supervisors, and acquaintances. Strategies to deal with these issues are discussed in training, and the Peace Corps staff can offer help in resolving any problems. These problems become less common once Volunteers have been accepted into their communities and have built a network of female friends and co-workers.
Possible Issues for Volunteers of Color
Volunteers who belong to minority ethnic groups will generally not experience overt biases. However, Guineans may make some stereotypic assumptions based on someone's background. For example, many Asian-American Volunteers are considered experts in Chinese or kung fu, and African-American Volunteers may be mistaken for a Liberian or Sierra Leonean because of an Anglicized French accent.
Caucasian Volunteers may be annoyed by local terms for "white people" such as toubab, porto, or foté, but should understand that they are not pejorative. Even educated, middle-class Guineans are also sometimes referred to by those terms. Once Volunteers become known in their towns, children's curiosity and name-calling diminish.
Possible Issues for Senior Volunteers
Volunteers in their early 20s sometimes find that they have to make an extra effort to be accepted as professional colleagues, since Guineans of the same age often are still pursuing an education. Older Volunteers, in contrast, are automatically accorded respect, since Guinean culture recognizes that wisdom and experience come with age.
Possible Issues for Gay, Lesbian, or Bisexual Volunteers=
Homosexuality is not publicly acknowledged or discussed in Guinean society. Although gay and lesbian Volunteers generally choose not to be open about their sexual orientation, they have successfully worked in Guinea.
Possible Religious Issues for Volunteers
Guinea is, for the most part, a Muslim country (the exception is in the Forest Region, where Christians and animists are more numerous). Being of a different religion is not a problem, as Guineans are very tolerant. They may not always agree with your beliefs, but they will not act negatively toward you because of them.
Possible Issues for Volunteers with Disabilities
As a disabled Volunteer in Guinea, you may find that you face a special set of challenges. Physically challenged Volunteers will be treated initially with curiosity. Those who require ambulatory devices will encounter obstacles to mobility because there are no ramps or lifts on public transportation or in buildings. But those who serve will ultimately win respect and be considered role models.
As part of the medical clearance process, the Peace Corps Office of Medical Services determined that you were physically and emotionally capable, with or without reasonable accommodations, of serving in Guinea without unreasonable risk of harm to yourself or interruption of your service. The Peace Corps/Guinea staff will work with disabled Volunteers to make reasonable accommodations for them in training, housing, job sites, or other areas to enable them to serve safely and effectively.


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You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown
Based On the Comic Strip "Peanuts" by Charles M. Schulz
Book, Music, and Lyrics by Clark Gesner
Fall 2000
A Student-Directed Production
Based on Charles Schulz's popular comic strip, this musical chronicles the events of a day in the life of Charlie Brown and the "Peanuts" gang. While I'm excited to celebrate the "Peanuts" comic strip and its 50 year anniversary, I'm also saddened to say good-bye to Charles Schulz (1922-2000), one of America's favorite cartoonists. Schulz's cherished characters of Charlie Brown, Snoopy, Lucy, Linus, Schroeder, and Peppermint Patty have been worldwide household names for half a century, and their daily readership is believed to have been the most of any comic strip in the history of cartoons. They have warmed our hearts with their wit and charm and have made us chuckle at their lovable quirks. Who can't identify with Charlie Brown, that round-headed kid who tries to assume a perfect social image? Even though his baseball team always loses, Lucy always pulls the football away, and his kite never stays in the air, Charlie Brown triumphs because he realizes how quickly things can turn from bad to good. He never loses hope of success. When I conceptualized this production of You're A Good Man, Charlie Brown, I wanted to take Schulz's popular comic strip and bring it to life on stage. Perhaps these comic-book children hold some answers to the questions of love, life, and the pursuit of happiness that we face today. Enjoy this celebration of Charles M. Schulz, his "Peanuts," and the child in all of us.
—Kim De Groot


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Planning a family fun night
Published On: Mar 10 2014 12:00:00 AM CDT
Don't recognize the back of that head as it rushes out the front door in the morning? It's easy to get caught up in the hustle and bustle of everyday life, and forget to make time with the people closest to you. So what can you do? Plan a family night, of course! Here are some benefits and ideas to get your family reacquainted once again!
The views expressed are not those of this company or its affiliated companies. Please note by clicking on "Post" you acknowledge that you have read the Terms Of Service and the comment you are posting is in compliance with such terms.


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Wolf Symposium Reunites History Makers
It has been more than 17 years since gray wolves were returned to Yellowstone National Park -- the culmination of a massive, multi-year effort that required careful integration of numerous biological, political, economic and social perspectives. Earlier this month, a three-day symposium in Yellowstone brought together individuals who played a key role in the controversial reintroduction effort.
Gathering at Yellowstone's headquarters in Mammoth Hot Springs were nearly 70 guests who helped make history in 1995: state and federal officials, wildlife biologists, wolf advocates, national park staff, nonprofit organization representatives, and major donors to the Wolf Project through the Yellowstone Park Foundation.
The purposes of the event, which was funded by the Yellowstone Park Foundation, were to celebrate the successes of wolf reintroduction, to recognize the roles of key players in this effort, and to record their first-person experiences for the oral history collection in the Yellowstone National Park Archives.
Some of the participants had not seen each other since the early years, and current funders of the Wolf Project had an opportunity to meet these leaders for the first time.
"The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone made news worldwide. It was a large-scale and daring attempt to reintroduce a top-level predator into an ecosystem where it had been absent for 70 years," said Yellowstone's oral historian Charissa Reid.
"While the park's archive contains many records from those early years of the Wolf Project, it has lacked the personal perspective of those who were directly involved in the preparation and then implementation of this bold experiment. Often we glean new details from these participants, and their stories help us to understand and document events in a cultural context," said Reid.
The collection of oral histories is a time-consuming and meticulous process. Subjects are interviewed by an oral historian, and each interview is recorded and later transcribed. The transcription process can take up to ten hours per interview. The recording and transcription are both catalogued for admission into the Yellowstone Archives to help current and future generations learn about Yellowstone's history. In addition, a monograph containing the transcripts from presenters and interviews at the event, plus event photographs, will be printed in 2013.
The timing of the event was significant, as a major chapter in the wolf recovery effort has closed, and a new one is beginning: the responsibility for wolf management recently transferred from the federal government to state governments.
"The more conversations I had with the attendees, the more it became apparent that wolf reintroduction was a special moment in history, populated by amazing people, who also had a little bit of luck on their side," said Reid. "Considering the many, many obstacles they faced, it is a miracle there are wolves in Yellowstone today."
The symposium's keynote address was given by Ed Bangs, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Wolf Recovery Coordinator. Other speakers included Doug Smith, Yellowstone Wolf Project Leader; Dan Wenk, current Yellowstone Superintendent; Karen Bates Kress, Yellowstone Park Foundation President; Bob Barbee, former Yellowstone Superintendent; and Mike Phillips, former Yellowstone Wolf Project Leader and now Executive Director of the Turner Endangered Species Fund.
The three-day event also included a moderated panel discussion regarding lessons learned from the recovery experience, discussion about the future of wolf management, screening of film footage compiled by filmmaker Bob Landis during the landmark reintroduction events, and of course a pre-dawn wolf watching excursion to see some of the descendents of those original 15 wolves released in 1995.
Since 1996, the Yellowstone Park Foundation has contributed nearly $6 million to the Yellowstone Wolf Project, constituting 60% of the Project's total annual budget. Most of this funding, raised through private donations, goes toward ongoing research-related costs, including the collaring program.
Download the newly released Yellowstone Wolf Annual Report


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The Walters Art Museum is open Thursdays until 9 p.m., Sponsored by BGE.
Date: Saturday, July 6, 2013–Sunday, September 8, 2013Every Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun
Time: 10:00 AM–05:00 PMEvery Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun
This exhibition of photographs by contemporary artist Gregory Vershbow explores the interactions of art objects within environments and circumstances ordinarily beyond public view. In storage facilities and conservation laboratories, and at monuments under restoration, Vershbow photographs art objects wrapped in plastic, protected by foam, nested in boxes and set in surprising juxtapositions with other objects from different eras.
Date: Saturday, July 13, 2013–Sunday, September 29, 2013Every Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun
Today, medieval books are treated as works of art, untouchable treasures to be locked away in cabinets. Yet many were intended for regular use as vital components of everyday life for monks and nuns.
Date: Thursday, September 5, 2013
Time: 06:00 PM–07:00 PM
Join artist Gregory Vershbow for a gallery talk in his exhibition, Site Unseen. Vershbow's large-scale color photographs explore the interactions of art objects within environments and circumstances ordinarily beyond public view.


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>I love things that are kind to our earth. I also love toys. When a company marries my love of the earth and my love of toys, I get all sorts of excited. Here's where Sprig Toys comes in.
Sprig Toys are:
Kid powered- no batteries- kids use push and pump energy to power the toys
Made from Sprigwood- recycled wood and reclaimed plastic
Expandable, interchangeable
I have much love for these toys. I actually bought some right when I was working out this review because I love them so much. This is what Sprig sent to us:
The Garden Keeper Set. Its darling. I'm also unable to share pictures STILL (ugh) but that might be best. I'm good with outdoor plants, keeping them alive and whatnot, but indoor plants? Notsomuch. We had nice little Sprig sprouts growing, and then I'm not sure what happened but I killed them. RIP little sprouts.
These toys are great. They are kind to our earth, very simple, very safe, and are great for kids' imaginations. They all fit into a lingerie bag which is how I tote our sand toys to the beach. Extra bonus points for the smaller size, Sprig!!
One of my readers will win the Garden Keeper set and one of the 4 in 1 Sand Truck sets.
I was provided with a sample of this product to facilitate my review. All opinions expressed within are my own.


text: I am posting for the first time here. My baby girl is 19 days old and I have been breastfeeding and supplementing with formula. At her first doctor's visit 10 days after birth, she actually weighed lesser than what she was when we left the hospital, so the doctor asked me to pump and see how much milk I was making. I barely got 1 oz and since then tried a lot of things to increase my supply. I have been taking fenugreek capsules and pumping every 3 hrs( as much as I can). My question is this: I have PCOS and was taking metformin before I got pregnant, when I spoke to an LC , she said that because of my PCOS I might be having the supply issues, and if I dont get my supply up within a week, I should stop trying and just switch to formula. It's almost a week since I started trying and I hardly get 2 oz now, only once I got 3 oz. I am worried now that I might never get to exclusively breastfeed my daughter. I feel really depressed and like I have failed her somehow. Did anyone increase their supply inspite of PCOS? Any suggestions for me?


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Fourteen companies have received state incentives to expand or locate in Iowa creating more than 270 jobs.
The Iowa Economic Development Authority approved Friday projects in a dozen communities including Eddyville, Council Bluffs, Davenport, and Sioux City.
Tax benefits were approved for Ajinomoto Heartland, a company making animal feed ingredients near Eddyville. It plans to spend $33 million introduce a new fermentation technology that will increase production.
Alter Trading, a scrap metal processor in Council Bluffs gets tax benefits for a $20 million expansion creating 15 jobs and Mid-American Glass will received tax breaks for a new building to expand operations in Davenport creating 13 jobs.
In Sioux City, Exoteric Analytics will receive a $25,000 grant to continue development of its monitoring and control system for seed corn producers.


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National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
EPA Home
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Applicability of Categorical Pretreatment Standards to Industrial Users of Non-Discharging POTWs (TXT)
Guidance clarifying that industrial users discharging to POTWs that do not discharge are still subject to national categorical pretreatment standards.
Date Published:
Applicability of Categorical Pretreatment Standards to Research and Development (R&D) Facilities (TXT)
Letter on EPA's determination that stand alone R&D facilities are not subject to the categorical standards currently promulgated.
Date Published:
Applicability of Effluent Guidelines and Categorical Pretreatment Standards to Biodiesel Manufacturing (PDF)
(13 pp, 552KB)
Memorandum to Water Division Directors summarizing the current Clean Water Act regulatory requirements, with regard to effluent limitations guidelines, new source performance standards, pretreatment standards, and/or NPDES stormwater permitting, for the manufacturing process wastewater discharge from biodiesel industry.
Date Published:
Application and Use of the Regulatory Definition of Significant Noncompliance for Industrial Users (PDF)
Memorandum to Regional Water Management Division Directors and Approved Pretreatment State Coordinators regarding the application of the significant noncompliance (SNC) definition.
Date Published:
Application of RCRA Corrective Action Requirements to POTWs (TXT)
This memorandum outlines the applicability of RCRA to POTWs and contains a model letter, to be sent to POTWs, requiring them to notify EPA whether RCRA "hazardous waste" is received by the POTW.
Date Published:
Baseline Monitoring Report Requirements for Pesticide Formulating, Packaging and Repackaging Facilities (PDF)
Guidance on how to prepare a baseline monitoring report required of industrial users of sewer systems when the industry opts to use the pollution prevention option of the pesticide national categorical pretreatment standards.
Date Published:
Baseline Monitoring Reports (PDF)
Draft guidance to permit authorities on how to review baseline monitoring reports submitted by local pretreatment authorities.
Date Published:
CERCLA Site Discharges to POTWs Guidance Manual (PDF)
The purpose of this guidance manual is to provide Feasibility Study writers, USEPA Remedial Project Managers, state officials and POTW personnel with the current regulatory framework and technical and administrative guidance that is necessary to evaluate the remedial alternatives of discharging wastes from CERCLA sites to POTWs.
Date Published:
Checklist: Pretreatment Program Legal Authority Reviews (PDF)
(12 pp, 290KB)
This is a checklist to assist POTW program control authorities who are developing or modifying their local legal authorities. State and EPA Approval Authorities may use this checklist in reviewing POTW legal authorities and may also be used in conjunction with the EPA Model Pretreatment Ordinance. The MS Word version has been provided so a municipality may tailor the checklist to fit its own program (EPA 833-B-07-001).
Date Published:
[Click here to view in WORD format - 420KB ]
Clarifications Regarding Toxicity Reduction and Identification Evaluations in the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Program
EPA document developed by the Office of Wastewater Management/Water Permits Division to provide additional clarification on conducting toxicity reduction evaluations and toxicity identification evaluations with respect to whole effluent toxicity (WET) testing. The document clarifies for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit writers and permittees a number of common issues such as: when and under what circumstances a permittee should conduct a TRE and/or a TIE; technical limitations on the TIE process; consideration of persistence and magnitude of toxicity events; ionic imbalances of effluents; the applicability of compliance schedules; and inconclusive TREs/TIEs. The document supplements existing EPA guidance and policies on WET and TREs/TIEs but does not change current policy or legal authority.
Date Published:
Transmittal Memo (PDF)
Clarification Document (PDF)
Control Authority Pretreatment Audit Checklist and Instructions (WORD)
(82 pp, 2MB)
This sample Pretreatment Compliance Audit checklist and its accompanying instructions identify information that might be reviewed by Approval Authorities (EPA and States) in order to assess a POTW's implementation of its approved Pretreatment Program with respect to approved program procedures, as well as state and federal policies and regulations. The Word version contains the checklist; the PDF version contains the checklist and instructions. (EPA 833-B-10-001)
Date Published:
[Click here to view in PDF format - 1.2MB ]
Control of Slug Loadings to POTWs: Guidance Manual (PDF)
Guidance on measures to prevent slug loadings from indirect users of sewer systems from impairing treatment by POTWs. [see also Sept. 88]
Date Published:
Coordination Between Regional Enforcement and Water Programs Personnel in Implementing the National Pretreatment Program (PDF)
Outlines the roles of permits and enforcement, and construction grants programs, in supporting the development of local POTW pretreatment programs.
Date Published:
Deletions of Local Pretreatment Program Development Requirements (PDF)
Memo regarding decrease in number of POTWs in early stages of pretreatment program. Summary of the regulatory criteria for requiring establishment of a local pretreatment program and the circumstances in which such a requirement may be dropped. [Note: Memorandum supersedes guidance from April 1, 1985.]
Date Published:
Determining Industrial User Significant Noncompliance - One Page Summary (PDF)
Memorandum to Regional Pretreatment Coordinators regarding the application of the significant noncompliance (SNC) definition.
Date Published:
Electroplating and Metal Finishing PSES: Baseline Monitoring Reports and Compliance Dates (PDF)
Answers to several questions related to Baseline Monitoring Reports and Compliance Dates, for Electroplating and Metal Finishing industrial users.
Date Published:
Ensuring a Sustainable Future: An Energy Management Guidebook for Wastewater and Water Utilities (PDF)
This Guidebook was specifically written to provide water and wastewater utility managers with a step-by-step method, based on a Plan-Do-Check-Act management system approach, to identify, implement, measure, and improve energy efficiency and renewable opportunities at their utilities.
Date Published:
Environmental Regulations and Technology: The National Pretreatment Program (PDF)
This document explains the need for the National Pretreatment Program; describes federal, state, and local roles in the program's implementation; and explores the program's future.
Date Published:
EPA Model
Pretreatment Ordinance (PDF)
(62 pp, 965KB)
Guidance on municipal ordinances to implement and enforce a pretreatment program consistent with the Clean Water Act requirements. This document supercedes the June 1992 document of the same name. The Model Ordinance is available in 2 formats; the MS Word version contains line numbers and the Adobe Acrobat version does not. A municipality should not adopt this model ordinance verbatim. The MS Word version has been provided so a municipality may tailor the Model Ordinance to fit its own program. The line numbers are included to facilitate cross-referencing throughout the document and can be removed; instructions are enclosed in the introduction (EPA 833-B-06-002).
Date Published:
[Click here to view in WORD format - 565KB ]
EPA Procedures for Review and Approval of State Pretreatment Program Submissions (PDF)
Memo regarding EPA approval of state pretreatment program plans.
Date Published:
[Click here to view in WORDPERFECT format ]
Example Language for Modifying NPDES Permits for Pretreatment Approval (PDF)
Guidance to permit authorities on what language to include in NPDES permits to require a POTW to administer a pretreatment program.
Date Published:
[Click here to view in TXT format - 42KB ]
FY 1990 Guidance for Reporting and Evaluating POTW Noncompliance with Pretreatment Implementation Requirements (PDF)
Defines criteria for determining which POTWs should be reported on the Quarterly Noncompliance Report (QNCR) for failure to implement pretreatment requirements and criteria for determining which pretreatment violations by POTWs meet the level of significant noncompliance (SNC). This guidance also establishes timely and appropriate criteria for responding to noncompliance for pretreatment implementation violations.
Date Published:
Guidance for Developing Control Authority Enforcement Response Plans (PDF)
This manual provides guidance to Control Authority personnel in developing an enforcement response plan to remedy violations of a local pretreatment program.
Date Published:
Guidance for Implementing RCRA Permit-by-Rule Requirements at POTWs (PDF)
Assistance for water management division directors in issuing RCRA permits by rule and in implementing RCRA corrective action requirements at POTWs.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for Battery Manufacturing Pretreatment Standards (PDF)
Guidance to battery manufacturers on how to comply with national pretreatment requirements
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for Conducting RCRA Facility Assessments at Publicly Owned Treatment Works
Guidance to EPA regions and states on how to conduct a RCRA facility assessment at POTWs that receive hazardous waste by truck, rail, or dedicated pipe.
Date Published:
Transmittal Memo (PDF)
Guidance (PDF)
Guidance Manual for Electroplating and Metal Finishing Pretreatment Standards (PDF)
Guidance to electroplating and metal finishing manufacturers on how to comply with national pretreatment requirements.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for Implementing Total Toxic Organics (TTO) Pretreatment Standards (PDF)
Guidance manual for electroplaters on how to implement the total toxic organics categorical pretreatment standard.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for Iron and Steel Manufacturing Pretreatment Standards (PDF)
Guidance to iron and steel manufacturers on how to comply with national pretreatment requirements.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for Leather Tanning and Finishing Pretreatment Standards (PDF)
(80 pp, 2.8MB)
Guidance to leather tanners and finishers on how to comply with national pretreatment requirements.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for POTW Pretreatment Program Development (PDF)
Guidance to POTWs for developing an approvable pretreatment program. Guidance delineates what data and information the POTW must submit to EPA or the authorized state program.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for POTWS to Calculate the Economic Benefit of Noncompliance (PDF)
The document describes the step-by-step procedures that Control Authorities may use to manaually calculate the economic benefit an industrial user us expected to have realized by delaying installation or proper operation of pretreatment equipment. The manual calculation described in this document is based on the theory adn methodology used in EPA's BEN computer model (as revised, July 1990). (EPA 833-B-93-007)
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for Preventing Interference at POTWs (PDF)
Aids POTWs in identifying interference episodes caused by discharges, tracking, and mitigating of non-domestic wastes.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for Pulp, Paper and Paperboard and Builders' Paper and Board Mills Pretreatment Standards (PDF)
Guidance to pulp, paper, and paperboard manufacturers on how to comply with national pretreatment requirements.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for the Control of Wastes Hauled to Publicly Owned Treatment Works (PDF)
This guidance is designed to provide information for smaller POTWs, generally those without pretreatment programs, on how to develop and implement hauled waste controls. The guidance discusses collection of information on waste haulers, characterization of hauled waste received, evaluation of potential impacts, and the development and implementation of controls. The guidance also includes case studies of successful waste hauler programs and example forms.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for the Identification of Hazardous Waste Delivered to POTWs by Truck, Rail or Dedicated Pipeline (PDF)
Guidance to EPA regions and states on how to identify POTWs that receive hazardous wastes by truck, rail, or dedicated pipe, and what requirements to impose on those POTWs.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual for the Use of Production-Based Pretreatment Standards and the Combined Wastestream Formula (PDF)
How to implement categorical standards and the combined wastestream formula of the national pretreatment program (EPA 833-B-85-201).
Date Published:
Guidance Manual on the Development and Implementation of Local Discharge Limitations Under the Pretreatment Program (PDF)
Comprehensive technical guidance for publicly owned treatment works on the development and implementation of sound local limits.
Date Published:
Guidance Manual: Aluminum, Copper, and Nonferrous Metals Forms and Metal Powders Pretreatment Standards (PDF)
(360 pp, 8,612KB)
This manual provides guidance to POTWs on the implementation and enforcement of the categorical pretreatment standards for the aluminum forming, copper forming, nonferrous metals forming, and metal powders category (EPA-800-B8-9001).
Date Published:
Guidance on Bringing Enforcement Actions Against POTWs for Failure to Implement Pretreatment Programs (PDF)
Guidance on legal and policy considerations involved in deciding whether and how EPA shall pursue enforcement actions against POTWs that have failed to adequately implement their pretreatment programs.
Date Published:
Guidance on Preparing Compliance Schedules for Developing POTW Pretreatment Programs (PDF)
Date Published:
Guidance on the Applicability of Categorical Pretreatment Standards and Industrial User (IU) versus Significant Industrial User (SIU) (PDF)
Guidance concerning the applicability of categorical pretreatment standards and when an industrial user (IU) may be deemed a significant industrial user (SIU) as defined by 40 CFR Part 403.3(t).
Date Published:
Guidance To Protect POTW Workers From Toxic And Reactive Gases And Vapors (PDF)
EPA issued regulations that require POTWs to identify and control potential exposures to substances in industrial wastewater (EPA 812-B-92-001).
Date Published:
Guidance to States on Assessing Existing Abilities to Implement a State Pretreatment Program and Preparing October 10, 1978, Submission to EPA (PDF)
Guidance to states for developing evaluation of their abilities to implement a state pretreatment program.
Date Published:
Guide to Industrial Assessments for Pollution Prevention and Energy Efficiency (PDF)
This document presents an overview of industrial assessments and the general framework for conducting as assessment. This guide can be used by both facility personnel to conduct in-house assessments of operations and by third parties who are interested in providing industrial assessments. (EPA 625-C-99-003)
Date Published:
Guides to Pollution Prevention: Municipal Pretreatment Programs (PDF)
This guide provides an overview of pollution prevention concepts, presents a way to identify and prioritize industries as candidates for pollution prevention, and outlines a broadly applicable approach to integrating pollution prevention concepts into existing pretreatment programs (EPA 625-R-93-O06).
Date Published:
Implementation of Organic Chemicals, Plastics and Synthetic Fibers Pretreatment Standards (TXT)
Memo to provide additional guidance on the implementation of organic chemicals, plastics and synthetic fibers pretreatment standards.
Date Published:
Implementation of the Organic Chemical Pretreatment Standards (TXT)
Memo on the implementation of the organic chemical pretreatment standards for the Organic Chemicals, Plastics, and Synthetic Fibers (OCPSF) Industry (52 FR 42522).
Date Published:
Incorporation of Pretreatment Program Development Compliance Schedules Into POTW NPDES Permits (PDF)
Re-emphasizes the importance of incorporating pretreatment compliance schedules into appropriate permits at the earliest possible time.
Date Published:
Industrial User Inspection and Sampling Manual for POTW's (PDF)
This manual is intended to acquaint POTW personnel with the well-established inspection and wastewater sampling procedures which have been used in the NPDES program for many years. The information presented will guide the POTW inspector by providing a framework for conducting inspections and wastewater sampling.
Date Published:
Industrial User Permitting Guidance Manual (PDF)
Guidance for POTWs on the development and issuance of effective permits to industrial users of their sewer systems.
Date Published:
Industrial User Permitting Guidance Manual
This guidance manual is intended for POTWs and States, acting as the Control Authorities for approved pretreatment programs, to effectively develop and issue of control mechanisms to industrial users of the POTW sewer systems. This document supersedes the September 1989 document of the same name. (Please note that the remainder of the appendices to the document will be uploaded to this site soon.)
Date Published:
Permit Manual (PDF)
(140 pp, 1.1MB)
Appendices: Contents Page (PDF)
(4 pp, 350K)
Appendix A: Bibliography (PDF)
(6 pp, 160K)
Appendix B: Glossary of Terms (PDF)
(10 pp, 203K)
Appendix C: Sample Permit Application Form (PDF)
(32 pp, 582K)
Appendix D: Permit Fact Sheet Template (PDF)
(10 pp, 258K)
Appendix E: Sample Permit Fact Sheet and Industrial User Permit (PDF)
(24 pp, 417K)
Appendix F: Sample Standard Conditions for Permits (PDF)
(16 pp, 241K)
Introduction to Pollution Prevention: Training Manual (PDF)
This manual provides an introduction to the application of pollution prevention techniques. It discusses the role of pollution prevention in a broad based environmental management program. It provides businesses with practical information on how to approach and implement a pollution prevention program. (EPA 742-B-95-003)
Date Published:
Introduction to the National Pretreatment Program (PDF)
This guidance manual is intended to explain the basic concepts that shape the National Pretreatment Program, discuss the current status of the program and program guidance, and serve as a tool for pretreatment program implementation.
Date Published:
Letter from EPA to Mary Jo M. Aiello, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and Energy: Applicability of pH Waivers to Pretreatment Standards (PDF)
Letter addressing how waivers to pH requirements might be approvable under the pretreatment program.
Date Published:
Letter to Harold R. Otis, Chairman of the Split Sampling Task Force: Using Split Samples to Determine Industrial User Compliance (PDF)
(4 pp, 809KB)
The letter clarifies the meaning of "widely divergent results" when comparing split sample results and when a POTW must use all of the results of a split sample.
Date Published:
Letter to Mr. Robert Bedell (PDF)
Letter to Mr. Robert Bedell, Deputy Administrator, Office of Management and Budget, from Bruce R. Barrett, EPA regarding exemption from review requirements of EO 12291 for NPDES General Permits.
Date Published:
Local Limits Development Guide (PDF)
This guidance document was prepared to assist municipalities that own or operate publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) in developing and implementing local pretreatment programs. (EPA 833R-04-002A)
Date Published:
Memo from Martha G. Prothro, Permits Division Director, to users of the Guidance Manual for POTW Pretreatment Program Development (PDF)
Memo describes the amendments to the 1983 Guidance Manual on POTW Pretreatment Program Development and reprinting of the manual.
Date Published:
Memorandum: Revision of NPDES Significant Noncompliance (SNC) Criteria to Address Violations of Non-Monthly Average Limits (PDF)
Memorandum that addressed NPDES significant non-compliance (SNC) criteria for violations of non-monthly average limits.
Date Published:
Memorandum: Determining Industrial User Compliance User Compliance Using Split Samples (PDF)
(2 pp, 751KB)
Memorandum to Mary Jo M. Aiello discussing how to evaluate compliance of analytical results from split samples.
Date Published:
Memorandum: Information on the Misuse of Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate (PDF)
Memo from Michael B. Cook, Director of the Office of Wastewater Management, alerting users of potential problems that could arise from the misuse of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate and associated compounds.
Date Published:
Memorandum: The Use of Grab Samples to Detect Violations of Pretreatment Standards (PDF)
(8 pp, 2.14MB)
This memorandum provides guidance for using single grab samples to evaluate compliance with Pretreatment Standards. In addition, the memorandum identifies circumstances when the analytical results from single grab sample may be used to determine or verify an industrial user's compliance with categorical standards and local limits.
Date Published:
Mercury Pollutant Minimization Program Guidance (PDF)
(16 pp, 82K)
This document from EPA Region 5 provides guidance for developing and implementing a systematic program to identify and minimize mercury contributed to publicly owned treatment works from industrial, commercial, and domestic sources.
Date Published:
Metals Translator: Guidance for Calculating a Total Recoverable Permit Limit from a Dissolved Criterion (PDF)
A tool for environmental scientists and permit writers to use in calculating the amount of a metal that may be discharged from a facility to a surface water body based on how the metal is distributed or partitioned between water and sediments in the receiving stream (EPA 823-B-96-007).
Date Published:
Multijurisdictional Pretreatment Programs Guidance Manual (PDF)
This guidance document is intended to address these multijurisdictional program implementation and enforcement issues and offer some of the options that municipal entities may employ to satisfy federal and state program requirements (EPA-833-B-94-005).
Date Published:
[Click here to view in WORDPERFECT format - 242KB ]
New Regulations Governing the Discharge of Toxic and Hazardous Pollutants to POTWs (PDF)
Permitting and compliance monitoring & enforcement implementation activities.
Date Published:
New Source Dates for Direct and Indirect Dischargers Memorandum (PDF)
(18 pp, 353KB)
This memorandum summarizes EPA regulatory requirements for determining what sources are new sources. This document includes Appendix A which provides a summary of relevant regulatory criteria for consideration in this determination as well as Appendix B which provides a listing of applicable new source dates used in making new source determinations.
Date Published:
Oversight of SIUs Discharging to POTWs without Approved Pretreatment Programs (PDF)
Summary of EPA and States responsibilities and options when acting as Control Authorities over significant industrial users discharging to POTWs without approved pretreatment programs.
Date Published:
Permit Guidance: Transportation Equipment Cleaning Point Source Category (40 CFR 442) (PDF)
This guidance is designed to help implement national policy on effluent limitations guidelines and standards for the Transportation Equipment Cleaning (TEC) Point Source Category. (EPA 821-R-01-021)
Date Published:
Permit Implications of Privatization (PDF)
Memo clarifying the NPDES permit and pretreatment implications of transactions that create private interests in municipal wastewater treatment works (i.e. "privatization").
Date Published:
[Click here to view in TXT format - 21KB ]
Permitting Guidance for Semiconductor Manufacturing Facilities (PDF)
Guidance document providing an overview of the semiconductor manufacturing process, a discussion of the overlap between Parts 469 and 433, and examining new and emerging manufacturing technologies and how these processes fit into the regulatory framework of Parts 469 and 433.
Date Published:
Plan for Resolution of Fundamentally Different Factors and Section 301(g) Variance Requests (PDF)
Memo outlining the plan to resolve FDFs and 301(g) variances
Date Published:
[Click here to view in TXT format - 7KB ]
Pollution Prevention (P2) Guidance Manual for the Pesticide Formulating, Packaging, and Repackaging Industry: Implementing the P2 Alternative (PDF)
This Pollution Prevention (P2) manual discusses the applicability and implementation of effluent limitations guidelines and standards covering the pesticide formulating, packaging, and repackaging (PFPR) industry. The main purpose of the manual is to provide guidance to industry and permitters in the process of complying with this rule, in particular, complying with the P2 Alternative Option.
Date Published:
Pollution Prevention at POTWs: Case Studies (PDF)
This brochure presents case studies of the five projects carried out under a grant program in 1991. The case studies outline the goals and strategies employed by each of the grant recipients. (EPA 742-F-94-001)
Date Published:
POTW Contract Operations (PDF)
Memo discussing the potential liability of private operators of POTWs as NPDES copermittees.
Date Published:
[Click here to view in TXT format - 11KB ]
POTW Sludge Sampling and Analysis Guidance Document (PDF)
This manual was developed to provide guidance to POTW operators, engineers, managers, chemists, and permit writers. It was intended to provide guidance in developing and implementing sampling and analysis program, to gather information on sludge quality and determine complaince with permit conditions. (EPA 833-B-89-100)
Date Published:
PRELIM Version 3.0 User's Guide (PDF)
Documentation for the EPA Computer Program/Model for Developing Local Limits for Industrial Pretreatment Programs at Publicly Owned Treatment Works
Date Published:
PRELIM Version 4.0 User's Guide (PDF)
User's guide for an EPA computer program that calculates local discharge limitation.
Date Published:
PRELIM Version 4.0: Answers to commonly asked questions regarding EPA's (version 4.0) software (WORDPERFECT)
FAQs on PRELIM 4.0 software
Date Published:
PRELIM Version 5.0 Executable Program: Pretreatment Limitations Model (ZIP)
Latest version of EPA's PRELIM software for POTWs to calculate local discharge limitations for industrial users. Read the
User's Guide
[PDF Format]
before installing this program.
Date Published:
PRELIM Version 5.0 User's Guide: Pretreatment Limitations Model (PDF)
This User's Guide contains instructions for installing and running PRELIM 5 and should be printed and consulted before installing PRELIM 5. The PRELIM 5.0 program is designed to be used in conjunction with EPA's 1987 Guidance Manual on the Development and Implementation of Local Discharge Limitations Under the Pretreatment Program (hereafter referred to as EPA's local limits guidance manual) in developing technically based local limits for publicly owned treatment works (POTWs).
Date Published:
Pretreatment Compliance Monitoring and Enforcement Guidance (for Publicly Owned Treatment Works) (PDF)
(139 pp, 37,714KB)
New activities POTWs must undertake to operate their approved pretreatment programs.
Date Published:
Pretreatment Economic Benefit Model (ZIP)
Pretreatment Economic Benefit Model
Date Published:
Pretreatment Program Modifications - Guidance for 40 CFR 403.18 (TXT)
Guidance on the implementation of 40 CFR 403.18 procedures for approving changes to Approved Pretreatment Programs. It provides suggestions on how state and EPA Approval Authorities might reduce the effort necessary to comply with 40 CFR 403.18, especially its public notice requirements.
Date Published:
Procedures for Processing Fundamentally Different Factor Variances (PDF)
Questions have recently been raised concerning the procedures for processing fundamentally different factors (FDF) variances. The NPDES regulations at 40 CFR 124.62-124.63 contain the procedures for processing variances. A copy of these provisions is attached.
Date Published:
[Click here to view in TXT format - 2KB ]
Procedures Manual for Reviewing a POTW Pretreatment Program Submission (PDF)
Guidance to EPA Regions and states on how to review local POTWs pretreatment program submissions.
Date Published:
Procuring Analytical Services: Guidance for Industrial Pretreatment Programs (PDF)
This document is intended to provide pretreatment authorities and industrial users (IUs) with guidance for procuring analytical services necessary to support Clean Water Act programs.
Date Published:
Product and Product Group Discharges Subject to Effluent Limitations and Standards for the Organic Chemicals, Plastics, and Synthetic Fibers Point Source Category (40 CFR 414) (PDF)
This document will aid the reader in determining whether the regulations in Part 414 apply to its discharges. It first explains how a facility determines whether Part 414 or one of the other subchapter N regulations noted above applies to its operation. Next, it provides an extensive list of products that may be subject to the Part 414 requirements.
Date Published:
RCRA Information on Hazardous Wastes for Publicly Owned Treatment Works (PDF)
This manual provides guidance to municipal personnel in understanding hazardous waste requirements of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and the implications of these RCRA requirements for the wastewater treatment plant operated by your municipality, for your local pretreatment program, and for local industries served by the treatment plant.
Date Published:
Redraft of Model Letter to be Sent to POTWs (PDF)
Revised draft of an example letter to be sent to all POTWs to determine whether they are subject to RCRA corrective action requirements.
Date Published:
[Click here to view in TXT format - 10KB ]
Region III Guidance for Setting Local Limits for a Pollutant Where the Domestic Loading Exceeds the Maximum Allowable Headworks Loading (WORDPERFECT)
The following is intended to provide POTWs with approaches to addressing situations where the allowable industrial loading is calculated to be negative, as well as establishing some guidelines on what the Region expects the POTWs to undertake.
Date Published:
[Click here to view in PDF format - 144KB ]
Regulatory Determination for the "PreKote" Surface Preparation Process (PDF)
Memorandum clarifying whether the use of a particular metal surface painting preparation operation, a chemical marketed as "PreKote" and a liquid epoxy primer, conducted on aircraft aluminum surfaces prior to painting is regulated as a core operation under the Metal Finishing Effluent Guidelines (40 CFR 433).
Date Published:
Response to inquiry on applicability to Kaiser Aluminum (WORDPERFECT)
Response from EPA to Mr Suchyta regarding his letter on Kaiser Aluminum's responsibilities for pretreatment
Date Published:
Response to LA County inquiry on applicability to Arias Research (WORDPERFECT)
Response from EPA to Mr Kilgore regarding pretreatment applicability to Arias Research
Date Published:
Review of Memorandum Regarding Draft Procedures for Processing Fundamentally Different Factors Variances for Direct and Indirect Dischargers (PDF)
Proposed procedures on variances and time extensions available under the Clean Water Act.
Date Published:
Sharing The Load: Effluent Trading For Indirect Dischargers (PDF)
Case study of pretreatment local limits trading in the Passaic Valley Sewerage Commissioners area, reported by EPA's Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation, EPA Region 2, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, and a stakeholder group (EPA 231-R-98-003).
Date Published:
Small Entity Compliance Guide: Centralized Waste Treatment Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Pretreatment Standards (40 CFR 437) (PDF)
This document is published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as our official compliance guide for small entities, as required by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996. (EPA 821-B-01-003)
Date Published:
Spanish Version: Publicanciones Sobre el Uso Y Eliminación de Lodo Residual Cloacal y Biosólidos, 1/1/96 (WORDPERFECT)
Lista de documentos
Date Published:
Status of Textile Mills Pretreatment Standards (TXT)
Memorandum stating some of the federal requirements for textile mills, and EPA's expectations of local and state control authorities.
Date Published:
Statutory Deadlines for Compliance by Publicly Owned Treatment Works under the Clean Water Act (PDF)
Memo regarding statutory deadlines affected by the amendments to the CWA
Date Published:
[Click here to view in TXT format - 10KB ]
Stay Granted in Star-Kist Caribe (PDF)
Stay of order on petition for reconsideration.
Date Published:
Strategy for Implementing RCRA Permit-By-Rule Requirements at POTWs that Accept Hazardous Waste by Truck, Rail, or Dedicated Pipe (PDF)
This memo summarizes the results of a survey and outlines a strategy for implementing RCRA at POTWs that receive hazardous waste by truck, rail, or dedicated pipe.
Date Published:
[Click here to view in TXT format - 10KB ]
Supplemental Manual on the Development And Implementation of Local Discharge Limitations Under the Pretreatment Program: Residential and Commercial Toxic Pollutant Loadings and POTW Removal (PDF)
This document provides guidance to assist in development of local limits. It specifically provides information related to residential and commercial sources of toxic pollutants, and estimated removal efficiencies of municipal treatment processes.
Date Published:
Toxicity Reduction Evaluation Guidance for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
Guidance document to permittees, permit writers and consultants on the general approach and procedures for conducting toxicity reduction evaluations (TREs) at municipal wastewater treatment plants. Provides new updates and additional case study discussions on issues for identifying whole effluent toxicity at municipal wastewater treatment plants. It addresses many issues that stakeholders have raised since the earlier April 1989 edition. It is intended to be a guide to the approaches that have been successfully used in municipal TREs (EPA 833-B-99-022).
Date Published:
Entire Document (PDF)
Appendix A (PDF)
Appendix B (PDF)
Appendix C (PDF)
Appendix D (PDF)
Appendix E (PDF)
Appendix F (PDF)
Appendix G (PDF)
Appendix H (PDF)
Appendix I (PDF)
Appendix J (PDF)
Appendix A - J (PDF)
Why Should You Care about Preventing Waste: Pollution Prevention Pocketbook (PDF)
A short pocket guide to the importance of preventing waste. (EPA 742-E-01-001)
Date Published:
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A bedrock principleJuly 26,2014
The decision by U.S. District Judge William Sessions to overturn the 2005 conviction of Donald Fell for the murder of Terry King, of North Clarendon, was a bitter disappointment for the victims family. But misconduct by one of the jurors who had sentenced Fell to death left Sessions with no alternative.
Everyone deserves a fair trial by an impartial jury. That is a bedrock principle embedded in the Constitution. Unless the courts adhere to fundamental principles of fairness, even in cases of the most heinous crimes, then democracy is undermined.
There is no question that the crime Fell was convicted of was a heinous one. The jury found that he and an accomplice had kidnapped King at the Rutland Shopping Plaza in order to steal her car, and when they reached New York state, they brutally murdered her. The two were fleeing a house on Robbins Street in Rutland where they had murdered Fells mother and her friend.
Prosecutors sought the death penalty in the case, and the same jury that had convicted Fell of the crime sentenced him to death. But in seeking the death penalty, the prosecution also ensured that the fairness of the process would be subjected to a heightened degree of scrutiny.
In his ruling overturning Fells conviction, Sessions cited several Supreme Court decisions. The penalty of death is qualitatively different from a sentence of imprisonment, however long, said one. And because of that difference, a reliable process is all the more important. In another ruling the court stated, The right to an impartial jury is nowhere as precious as when a defendant is on trial for his life.
In hearings after his conviction, Fells lawyers exposed misconduct by one of the jurors that robbed him of his right to trial by an impartial jury. To compound his misconduct, the offending juror, known as Juror 143, later lied in court to cover up his actions.
The jurors had been reminded of the ground rules repeatedly. They were not to discuss the trial with anyone outside of the courtroom. They were not to expose themselves to information about the case outside the courtroom. These strictures are followed to ensure that the verdict is based on evidence presented fairly at trial and that jurors are able to view the evidence with impartiality.
Juror 143 knew about these rules and knowingly violated them. The court found that he took it upon himself to visit the site of the crime, along with a girlfriend. He said he wanted to see for himself the places where the murders and kidnapping took place.
How did this taint the process? In deciding whether to condemn Fell to death, the jurors had to consider whether the crime was premeditated or whether it was impulsive and carried out in a haze of drugs and alcohol. The jurors also had to consider mitigating factors, such as the abuse and squalor that characterized Fells early life. In visiting the site of the murders and the route that Fell and his accomplice walked between the house and the shopping plaza, Juror 143 was deciding for himself, outside the courtroom, the degree of premeditation that was likely to have occurred and the degree of squalor to which Fell was or was not exposed.
For the court not to respond to juror misconduct when it occurs is to allow the judicial process to be corrupted. A message must be sent and precedents established for all future juries that when a juror decides to defy the orders of the judge in order to check out a crime scene on his own, he is putting the entire trial at risk.
Sessions was mindful of the pain his ruling would cause. While the court is reluctant to turn back the clock on a matter that has required such significant resources in terms of time, effort, and, for some, emotion, it sees no alternative given Juror 143s actions. The integrity of the judicial process was at stake, given Juror 143s actions, and Sessions was correct in requiring that Fells trial be a fair one.MORE IN EditorialsPhil Scott will take office next month after winning with a margin of 51.11 percent to 43. Full StoryIdeologues and partisans work from the outcome backward. Full StorySeventy-five years ago on Dec. 7, Japan launched its surprise attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. Full Story
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"I recently found you through my smartphone and I'm hooked. I find the program very interesting as I try to deepen my faith and knowledge of the Catholic Church. I have a lot of friends who converted to Protestant churches. I will continue to learn every day, and hopefully I can share what I've learned with them."
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"May God never abandon me!"
~ Thomas Aquinas; philosopher, theologian, author, Doctor of the Church, patron of Catholic universities, colleges, and schools; reaffirming his total submission to the authority of the Church from his deathbed


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Sports Talk: Circling the bases the Evan Brockmeier way
Actor Nicholas Cage's character Cameron Poe in "Con Air" cracked a funny line when after observing a Corvette Stingray attached to a flying airplane, he said, "On any other day, that might seem strange."
The same can also be said about the first of Marietta College's three runs scored in the bottom of the fourth inning in Game 2 of its Community Day baseball doubleheader against Baldwin-Wallace at Don Schaly Stadium Saturday.
The two-time national defending champion Pioneers are known for scoring runs and beating opponents in a ton of different ways. But this one was truly unique – and also kind of amusing. At least, the partisan, capacity crowd got a kick out of it.
Here's what happened.
Leading off the frame, MC senior first baseman Evan Brockmeier beat out a bunt hit down the third baseline. Next up for the Pioneers was Aaron Hopper, the No. 3 batter in the order, who had homered in the Etta Express' 6-0 triumph in Game 1.
As B-W right-hander Dave Redovian peered in for the catcher's sign, Brockmeier took a big lead off the first base bag. Redovian's focus, though, was on Hopper.
Brockmeier, a former Marietta Tiger standout, has excellent speed on the basepaths, and it looked like he might attempt a steal of second.
Ignoring Brockmeier, Redovian delivered a pitch homeward, and as he did, Brockmeier took off running.
Now, this is when all the fun started.
Redovian's pitch went behind the right-handed swinging Hooper, who didn't even flinch. The ball naturally was not catchable by the Yellow Jacket catcher, and sailed to the back of the backstop for a wild pitch.
Brockmeier, meanwhile, swiped second standing up, and without breaking stride continued on to third base.
Retrieving the ball, the B-W catcher elected to try to throw Brockmeier out, but his low, errant peg ended up in short left field. After getting safely to third, Brockmeier rounded the base, almost like he'd hit a home run, and raced home without a throw as none of the Yellow Jacket fielders had backed up the play.
After touching home plate, Brockmeier was greeted by his Pioneer teammates, and applauded by the fans.
How he scored was something you just don't see every day.
Brockmeier has scored many, many runs during his baseball prep and college career but probably has never circled the bases quite in this manner – unless you go back to his t-ball days in the Bantam League.
Was Redovian rattled by this sequence of events on the diamond?
Probably, as he allowed two more runs to score without the benefit of a hit, and his teammates committed two more throwing errors.
When the dust finally settled in the inning, MC owned a 4-0 advantage, and would go on to win 10-1.
Pioneer skipper Brian Brewer has often said, "Get 'em on, get 'em over, and get 'em in."
Brockmeier literally accomplished this – with a little "help" from the opposition.
Ron Johnston is the Marietta Times sports editor and can be reached at 376-5441 or at email@example.com


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Sooo, I have a 4 1/2 month old baby boy who I was breastfeeding with no problems for 3 1/2 months. Then suddenly he started sleeping 10 hour stretches during the night, I guess I was stupid and I really should of woke him up. But you always hear people say "when baby sleeps you should sleep" so I did. And he was always a sleepy baby from birth. Plus, if he didn't wake me up I simply didn't wake up.
So after about a week of him sleeping these long stretches I went and weighed him and he lost 2 ounces, and then over another week he lost 4 more. His total weight loss was 6 ounces and he stayed 11lbs 14oz for a week. I saw my doctor and all he suggested was formula, no help for bringning my supply back up because he didn't believe me it was a supply issue (But I obviously know it is, I know my breasts).
So I've unfortunatley been supplementing with formula for going on two weeks now. Which seemed to only make everything worse for us.
My health nurse suggested pumping after feedings on each breast, and massage to help bring my milk down. I often do the massage but don't pump as often as I should. I eat a pretty balanced diet, I drink a ton of fluids (especially now). I take my prenatal vitamin every night, I'm also taking fenugreek, blessed thistle and brewers yeast. But it still seems to be going down.
:confused: I'm at a loss right now, no one can really give me any other suggestions. Is it possible I'll ever get him off the formula and fully back on the breast?
And suggestions and help would be tremendously appreciated.
Oh yeah, and I'm new! Hello everyone!:o


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MSU student assaulted at knifepoint
Published On: Nov 15 2012 09:27:08 AM CST
A Minnesota State, Mankato, student is in custody following an armed assault at the university's library.
Authorities say a male student was grabbed from behind at knifepoint in a bathroom Wednesday night, but was able to escape.
City spokeswoman Shelly Schulz says when police officers arrived they found other students had detained the 19-year-old assailant.
The victim was transported by ambulance to a local hospital with non-life threatening injuries.
Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Exchange ratesNovember 15,2013
One of the serious problems the Affordable Care Act was designed to fix was policies purchased by many individuals with high deductibles and numerous exclusions. Individual policies are usually expensive, but those who buy them may well be glad to have them because they are better than nothing.
Now they are hearing from their insurance companies that their policies are being cancelled. That's because the Affordable Care Act seeks to establish standards for insurance, prohibiting policies that gouge customers who have no other options. The problem is that those cancellations fly in the face of the promise that Obama made repeatedly through the 2012 campaign that if you like your policy you will get to keep it. He wasn't counting on people liking policies that are a bad deal for them.
Millions of cancellation notices, combined with Obama's promise, put him in an untenable political position, and Thursday he announced he would allow companies to withdraw their cancellations. He also vowed to press on in his efforts to fix the introduction of Obamacare, even as Republicans in Congress are sharpening their knives with glee in anticipation of slashing the program to ribbons.
Not so fast. In some places the new health care exchanges are working, or are starting to. States that operate their own exchanges are enjoying better success than the federal government in signing people up. California is doing well, enrolling more than all of the 36 states using the federal exchange combined. The state had enrolled more than 59,000 consumers as of Nov. 9 with 72,000 more who are eligible. For October California had signed up 38 percent of its target number.
In October Vermont signed up 1,411 for private plans, which was 33 percent of its target.
As Obama has done, Gov. Peter Shumlin has had to make concessions to the reality of the flawed rollout. He has extended the deadline by three months for individuals and people working for small companies to sign up. These delays, at the state and national levels, represent an admission that things are not going well, but then it would have been hard not to make that admission.
It is clear that the struggle over health care will continue. Nevertheless, ending insurance that preys on people's needs in favor of insurance that provides comprehensive coverage at an affordable price is a worthy goal. That goal has led to the cancellation of policies that don't meet standards.
But then there's nothing unusual about holding companies to standards. The Food and Drug Administration prohibits drug manufacturers from selling bogus medicines or to misrepresent what they are selling. Insurance companies should provide insurance that does something besides line the companies' pockets. If some consumers are willing to be ripped off, others deserve to have protections that will ensure that the coverage they receive is adequate.
The Shumlin administration, like the Obama administration, has a credibility challenge as it tries to maintain public confidence in Vermont Health Connect, which is the name of Vermont's exchange. That's why it was disconcerting to read the story in Seven Days about the job offer made by Anya Rader Wallack to Olivia Shumlin, the governor's daughter.
Wallack is the health care expert who resigned as chairwoman of the Green Mountain Care Board to become a private consultant who quickly won a no-bid $100,000 contract to administer a $45 million federal grant. Her knowledge and ability are unquestioned, and it's good that she continues to be involved in the state's reforms.
But offering a job, as she did, to Olivia Shumlin was a lapse in judgment. The no-bid contract was one thing. But offering a job to a recent college grad who happens to be the governor's daughter should have rung alarm bells. Vermonters don't want things to get too cozy among state officials handling millions of federal dollars. Olivia Shumlin had the good judgment to turn down the job.
Government officials must remain squeaky-clean, and they must focus with clarity and determination on the system they are trying to salvage after the premature introduction of the health care website. People's health and their lives are at stake.MORE IN EditorialsProtesters converged on a bank in Montpelier early this week to show their solidarity with the... Full StoryPhil Scott will take office next month after winning with a margin of 51.11 percent to 43. Full StoryIdeologues and partisans work from the outcome backward. Full Story
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Handmade in America of 18k textured yellow gold with two ruby eyes and a diamond stripe (.94 tcw) set into platinum. 1 3⁄8"w x 1 ¼"h. Angora cat: see Z1189.
Item #: PMP119P
Catalog HotKey: Z1190
Herend porcelain from Hungary, handmade and handpainted with 24K gold accents.
1" x 2 ¼" x 3 ¼" h.
Elegant citrine necklace set in 18k yellow gold with diamond accents.
Measures ¾" w x 16 ½" l x ⅝" h.
Ebonized and parcel gilt chairs. Turned and carved overscrolled top rail centered by gilt and painted pierced splat in the form of two interlacing ovals within another oval. Caned seat with silk cushion embroidered with coronets. Based on a Regency original circa 1815.
Pure cashmere throws are unmistakable for their softness, comfort and color. Generously sized for extra warmth on a bed, sofa or chair, or in the car. Handmade and handfinished in Biella, Italy.
Measures 70" x 55".
Gien's Sologne pattern is named for the Sologne region of central France, renowned for its abundant game. It is a beautiful place to quietly observe the inhabitants of the forests and lakes. Handmade in France.
Measures 9" d.
Holiday shopping made easy with gifts for everyone on your list.


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Walker to honor Pearl Harbor veterans
Ceremony Friday afternoon at the state veterans home
Published On: Dec 07 2012 06:49:23 AM CST Updated On: Dec 07 2012 07:10:37 AM CST
Gov. Scott Walker plans to travel to central Wisconsin to attend a ceremony honoring Pearl Harbor veterans.
Walker is scheduled to speak at a ceremony Friday afternoon at the state veterans home in King. Clyde Stephenson, a former Marine who now lives in Appleton, also is scheduled to speak about how he was assigned to guard Oahu beaches from a possible land invasion and fired on Japanese planes.
Department of Veterans Affairs spokeswoman Carla Vigue says the agency expects about 200 people will attend, including two of the half-dozen or so Pearl Harbor veterans who reside at the home.
Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Authorities remain mystified about what was in an envelope dropped off at a southern Wisconsin health clinic that prompted dozens of people to be quarantined.
Beloit Police Capt. Vince Sciame says tests Wednesday determined the powder in the envelope was not a biological or a chemical agent. But he says authorities don't know what the powder is, so it's being sent to the Wisconsin state crime lab for testing.
Sciame says police talked to the patient who delivered the envelope containing his bill payment to the Beloit Area Community Health Center on Wednesday morning. Sciame says the man says he didn't put any foreign substance in the envelope.
According to Sciame, the man is "dumbfounded" by what happened.


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Richard Childress Racing
Recent News
RCR Crew Member Spotlight: Justin Voss
August 21, 2013
After earning multiple track championships at a young age, Justin Voss was convinced a career driving a race car was in his future. Instead, he hung up his racing gear and picked up a tire.
Voss, rear-tire carrier and fabricator at Richard Childress Racing grew up in Parkersburg, Iowa, racing go-karts in the International Karting Federation. Proudly driving his No. 12 machine, Voss raced until he was 17 years old, garnering multiple track championships throughout the mid-west.
"My dad raced a dirt modified until I was eight years old, but gave up his ride so I could start racing go-karts," exclaimed Voss. "We had a lot of fun traveling to different tracks and winning races. I definitely wanted to be a race car driver, but I knew I'd likely find a career doing something else in the industry."
Voss made the big move from Iowa to North Carolina shortly after graduating from Dike-New Hartford High School in 2003 in hopes of landing a job within the racing industry. He stocked grocery store shelves at Lowe's Foods and worked at a small auto body repair shop before the door opened to an opportunity in racing.
Taking his first job in motorsports at Ken Weaver Racing, Voss began working as a fabricator and carried tires on the weekend, before making the move to RCR in 2011. For the first year at the Welcome, N.C.-based organization, Voss was a full time fabricator in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series shop. At the beginning of the 2012 season, he also began traveling with the No. 3 Bass Pro Shops team and driver Ty Dillon.
"Most guys that travel with the team work on the truck during the week, but I'm a little different," said Voss. "I enjoy being able to work in the fab shop at RCR and travel on the weekends. It's the best of both worlds, especially when you bring home a win."
When Voss isn't traveling he enjoys spending time with his wife Lindsey and their growing family. He currently has a two-year-old little girl and a baby boy on the way. Follow Voss on Twitter (@Justin_Voss) for a behind-the-scenes look of his view at the track.


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When the Parade That Never Was comes rolling through downtown Beeville Saturday morning, parade watchers will find his handiwork on the windows of downtown buildings.
The art work included ruffles and flourishes, stars and stripes, eagles and hearts, all in variations of red, white and blue.
Webb was the perfect artist to be selected for the job. Beeville Main Street Program Manager Michelle Wright was the one responsible for contacting the local artist.
"I'm not a Texan," Webb admitted while standing near one of his paintings. "But I married one, and what brought me here to Texas was that I was stationed in Kingsville."
Coming here in 1966 with the Navy took him from one Wild West part of the country to another. So Webb had no trouble fitting in with the local crowd.
"I grew up in Arizona, Tucson," he said.
But if you ask him where he lives today, that will depend on where you happen to be standing when you ask the question.
"I live on FM (Road) 534, halfway between Beeville and Mathis," he said. "If you ask me in Beeville, I'll tell you I'm from Beeville. If you ask me in Mathis, I'll tell you I'm from Mathis."
When asked if he is keeping busy these days the answer comes quickly. "Oh, I keep more than busy." In fact, Webb says he probably works too much for a retired person.
"I've painted most of the murals you see around here," Webb said with a wide grin. And all those have been done in the past four and a half years.
Actually, Webb is well known around Beeville's artistic community.
"I'm a member of the Beeville Art Association," he said.
Gary Kent is a reporter at the Bee-Picayune and can be reached at 358-2550, ext. 120, or at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Copyright © 2014 by tutorialspoint
If you want to list down your website, book or any other resource on this page then please contact at email@example.com
Ruby Tutorial - A complete tutorial on Ruby Programming Language.
Main Ruby Site - Official Ruby site. Find a complete list of all documentation, tutorials, news etc.
Ruby Documentation - Ruby documentation site.
Ruby Installation - One-Click Ruby Installer for Windows.
RubyForge - Open source project repository.
Ruby on Rails - Official site for Ruby on Rails.
RubyGems - Download link for RubyGem and other documentation.
Rails APIs - A comprehensive list of Rails APIs
Rails Conf - RailsConf, co-presented by Ruby Central, Inc. and O'Reilly Media, Inc., is the largest official conference dedicated to everything Rails.
Ruby Central - Ruby Central, Inc., is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization, dedicated to Ruby support and advocacy.
MySQL Homepage - Here you can download the latest MySQL release, get the MySQL news update. The mailing list is also a great resources for anyone who want to build dynamic websites using MySQL.


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Ellen DanielsApril 04,2013
Ellen Daniels
Ellen Daniels
WILLIAMSTOWN Ellen Jane Theresa French Daniels, 69, of Weir Road, died peacefully, surrounded by her deeply devoted and loving family, on Monday, April 1, 2013, at Fletcher Allen Health Care in Burlington.
Born on Aug. 23, 1943, in Bronx, N.Y., she was the daughter of John J. and Angela R. (Hayes) French Sr.
Ellen attended the St. Helena School in the Bronx, Our Lady of Loretta School in Hempstead, N.Y., and in 1961, she graduated from Delehanty High School in Jamaica, N.Y. She first worked for the Chase Manhattan Bank in Flushing, N.Y., until moving to Vermont in 1972.
On Oct. 6, 1978, Ellen married Garry J. Daniels in Barre. Following their marriage, they made their home in Williamstown. The couple renewed their wedding vows in March of 1992 in St. Sylvester Catholic Church in Graniteville, with the Rev. Francis Eksterowitz officiating.
Ellen worked at the National Life Insurance Co. in Montpelier, the Williamstown General Store, Milne Travel Agency in Barre, and the New England Culinary Institute in Montpelier. She also worked as a field representative in central Vermont for the Bureau of the Census in Boston.
Ellen was a member of St. Edward Catholic Church in Williamstown. She helped to create the Williamstown Recreation Association in 1983 and served as an officer for six years. She also was a dedicated volunteer at Central Vermont Medical Center in Berlin for several years and was a Girl Scout and Cub Scout leader when her children were young.
Ellen was a devoted wife, an amazing mom, and a proud and loving grandmother. Her family was the most important thing to her. She showed them and her friends the meaning of unconditional love. She especially enjoyed spending her time creating wonderful family gatherings and celebrations. She taught her family the importance of having fun, of laughter, and of being together to share special memories.
Survivors include her husband, Garry J. Daniels, of Williamstown; her children, Patricia Manwaring, of Boulder, Colo., Shawn Manwaring and his wife, Becky, of Williamstown, Carolyn Manwaring Whitcher, of Orange, Sharon Manwaring and her partner, Fritz Betz, of Conroe, Texas; six grandchildren, Stephanie, Steven, Jason and Michael Manwaring, Megan and Devin Whitcher; and a sister-in-law, Barbara French, of Little Egg Harbor, N.J.
Besides her parents, two brothers, John J. French Jr. and Clifford J. French, and an aunt, Madeline Hayes, predeceased her.
A graveside service will be held later in the St. Sylvester Cemetery in Websterville at the convenience of her family. There are no calling hours.
Contributions in lieu of flowers may be made to the Williamstown Ambulance Service, P.O. Box 646, Williamstown, VT 05679; to the American Red Cross, Vermont Chapter, 29 Mansfield Ave., Burlington, VT 05401; or to the St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105.
The Hooker and Whitcomb Funeral Home, 7 Academy St., Barre, is in charge of the arrangements.MORE IN ObituariesPaul N. Sourdiff
BURLINGTON Paul Nelson Sourdiff, 92, passed away on Dec. Full StoryBrian Vachon
Brian Vachon, 75, of Middlesex, died after a short illness on December 9 at... Full StoryDylan Baker
Dylan Baker, 18, passed away peacefully in the early morning of December 7... Full Story
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text: We couldn't be more excited for The Great Gatsby movie!! Between the diamonds, the fashion, the hair, the makeup, the music and the men, we're pretty over the moon about this. Considering this is one of the greatest eras of all time for glamour, we HAD to do a mani inspired by! This nail art reflects the swag (not as in #swag or swagger, but as in a curtain-shaped drape, curved between two points) that was often used when designing decor, fashion, art + jewelry. Here's how it's done. (more…)


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As part of GET ME IN!'s commitment to customer satisfaction:
Sub Focus Announces October 2013 Tour Last updated: 22nd July 2013 Following his latest release Endorphins featuring Alex Clare on vocals and remixes by Tommy Trash, Dismantle and Fred V & Grafix; Nick Douwma aka Sub Focus announces his October 2013 tour. Sub Focus tour dates: July 2013 Stratford Upon Avon, Global Gathering, Saturday 27th October 2013 August 2013 Reading, Reading Festival, Friday 23rd August 2013 Leeds, Leeds Festival, Saturday 24th August 2013 Liverpool, Creamfields, Sunday 25th August 2013 October 2013 Bristol, O2 Academy, Wednesday 16th October 2013 Manchester, Ritz, Thursday 17th October 2013 Portsmouth, Pyramids, Friday 18th October 2013 London, Roundhouse, Saturday 19th October 2013 Nottingham, Rock City, Tuesday 22nd October 2013 Birmingham, Birmingham Institute, Thursday 24th October 2013 Leeds, O2 Academy, Friday 25th October 2013 Norwich, UAE, Saturday 26th October 2013 Newcastle, O2 Academy, Monday 28th October 2013 Glasgow, O2 ABC, Tuesday 29th October 2013 Buy Sub Focus tickets from GET ME IN! Ticketmaster's ticket market. Influenced by the D & B legend Andy C, Sub Focus learned his craft over the years in his bedroom in north London. He was discovered after a friend handed a demo tape to RAM Records label boss Andy C while they were out in a club, and the rest is history.


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A United Airlines flight from Newark to Denver was diverted following a fight over a device called a "Knee Defender."
The flight had to land in Chicago on Sunday instead.
According to authorities, the fight started after the man set up his "Knee Defender" to prevent the person in front of him from reclining their seat so he could use his laptop.
He refused to remove the device after being asked by the flight attendant, and the woman in front of him responded by tossing a cup of water on him, Denver TV station KUSA reported.
The pair was dropped off at Chicago's O'Hare International Airport. The flight then continued on to Denver.
Ironically, the passengers had been seated in the Economy Plus section, which allows for more leg room.


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Dispute Resolution Center
"Advising the Compromising"
What is the Dispute Resolution Center?
The Dispute Resolution Center (DRC) is a place to further your experience in conflict resolution. Through the DRC, students have access to mediation and consultation services through its Peer Mediation Program. The DRC provides community outreach opportunities in the form of training, mediation, and group facilitation services.
Peer Mediation and Consultation Services
Peer Mediation is a problem-solving process, conducted by North Central students, which can give you the skills and confidence to resolve future disputes independently and more effectively. The DRC is staffed to provide a trained mediator to assist in a wide range of cases, including roommate disputes, trouble with teammates, racial, ethic, or gender disputes, and harassment. Additionally, peer mediators are trained to assist students in gaining a better understanding of the conflict.
There are three main advantages to the mediation process:
- Confidentiality: Students can participate without any concern that information about the dispute will be communicated to others in any way.
- Voluntary: Students have a choice whether or not to participate
- Collaborative: Rather than assigning blame, the process involves facilitated conversations that can lead to realistic and functional solutions.
DRC Internships
The Dispute Resolution Center internship is the place to begin your career in conflict resolution. Whether you intend to pursue a career in law, psychology, or business, an internship with the DRC will teach you the skills all successful business people must possess, providing unique hands-on experiences.
There are two main advantages to a DRC internship:
- Mediation: Mediating conflicts for different departments and areas on campus, and mediating disputes within the community at local courts, area businesses, local churches, and other entities.
- Training: Business, churches, colleges and schools in dispute resolution.
Contact Information:
Director of DRC:
Dr. Thomas Cavenagh
(630) 637-5157
Meet the Director of the Dispute Resolution Center
Thomas D. Cavenagh, JD
On March 4, 2009 Thomas D. Cavenagh, J.D. was named the first holder of the newly endowed faculty chair, the Schneller Sisters Professor of Leadership, Ethics and Values.
Dr. Cavenagh is professor of Business Law and Conflict Resolution. He is the Director of the Leadership, Ethics and Values program and the Dispute Resolution Center. He also is the coordinator fo the Master of Leadership Studies program.
Dr. Cavenagh worked as an attorney and mediator before coming to North Central College in 1990. He considers teaching to be an opportunity to positively shape future leaders.