text:
The Holocaust Violence
Chapter Two
Ernst Haeckel
According to the theory of recapitulation proposed by the German atheist and evolutionist Ernst Haeckel, developing embryos repeat the evolutionary process undergone by their alleged ancestors. This claim maintains that during its development in the mother's womb, the human embryo first exhibits fish characteristics, then reptilian ones, before finally turning into a human baby. For long years this was depicted as evidence for the theory of evolution, but eventually it was seen through as completely unscientific and nothing more than a work of imagination.1
In order to supposedly prove his unscientific theory, Ernst Haeckel falsified drawings, trying to make fish and human embryos resemble each other. When this fraud was unmasked, his defense was that other evolutionists had done the same kind of thing.2
Yet the imaginary scenario that Haeckel backed up with forged drawings laid a seemingly scientific foundation for racism in a great many countries, particularly in Germany.
Ernst Haeckel and his forged embryo drawings
According to the claims of the theory of recapitulation, the features possessed by a human at the embryonic stage or in early childhood are left over from evolutionary adult ancestors. For example, Haeckel and his followers maintained that a "civilized" child possessed the same intelligence and behavioral characteristics as a "savage" adult, and used these claims to prove the superiority of the white race. In his book Ever Since Darwin, Stephen Jay Gould summarizes the support that the theory of recapitulation provided for racism:
Recapitulation was Haeckel's favorite argument… Haeckel and his colleagues also invoked recapitulation to affirm the racial superiority of northern European whites, ... Herbert Spencer wrote that "the intellectual traits of the uncivilized… are traits recurring in the children of the civilized." Carl Vogt said it more strongly in 1864: "The grown up Negro partakes, as regards his intellectual faculties, of the nature of the child…"3
Of course, this claim put forward by Spencer, Vogt and others did not reflect the truth in any way. These claims were gradually invalidated by science itself and abandoned. In his The Panda's Thumb, Gould wrote:
This theory, often expressed by the mouthful "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny," held that higher animals, in their embryonic development, pass through a series of stages representing, in proper sequence, the adult forms of ancestral, lower creatures. ... Recapitulation provided a convenient focus for the pervasive racism of white scientists...4
Professor George J. Stein, director of the International Security Studies Core at the Air War College, published an article headed "Biological Science and the Roots of Nazism" in American Scientist. "In essence," he wrote, "Haeckel and his fellow social Darwinists advanced the ideas that were to become the core assumptions of national socialism,"5 thus summarizing the deadly relationship between Haeckel, Social Darwinism and racism.
1. Keith S. Thompson, "Ontogeny and Phylogeny Recapitulated," American Scientist, vol. 76, May/June 1988, p. 273.
A picture by Adam Willaerts showing a British ship sailing to East India
Long before Darwin, colonialism began growing in 16th-century Europe. Exactly like racism, however, colonialism later drew strength from Darwin's theory and turned to a new target. Following the Industrial Revolution especially, commercial aims fueled the spread of European states to new continents and countries. Looking for new markets and raw materials, Europeans set about exploiting countries on other continents. Imperialist initiatives of the 19th century were based on different motives, however, which is why they became known as the new imperialism.
Social Darwinist suggestions dominated the new imperialist view of the world. One of the Darwinist causes of the new imperialism was the race for superiority. The British, French, Germans and other nations competing with one another were deceived into thinking that they needed to acquire new lands in order to emerge victorious as the most powerful nation in the race for superiority.
They were also driven by the mistaken goal of proving their superiority over other races. The Anglo-Saxons and Aryans regarded it was their natural right to assume control over the Africans, Asians and native Australians, whom they regarded as "inferior races," and to exploit their workforces and natural resources. Thus 19th-century imperialism developed more as a result of Darwinist aims than out of any economic concerns.51
The 1946 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica says that:
Above: A procession of the Britain's Royal Family in India under British colonial rule. Below: The arrival of British forces occupying Palestinian lands in the wake of the Ottoman Empire. Palestine had enjoyed peace and security for hundreds of years under Ottoman rule, but colonial administration brought with it chaos, conflict, and oppression.
This new period of imperialism at the end of the 19th century found its spiritual support in Bismarckism and social Darwinism, in all the theories glorifying power and success, which had swept over Europe... Racial theories seemed to give to this new attitude, which was in opposition to all traditional [i.e. Christian] values of morality, a justification by "science" and "nature," the belief in which was almost becoming the dominant faith of the period.52
A great many researchers and authors accept that Social Darwinism represents the origin of the 19th century's new imperialism. For instance, in Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution, Professor of History Gertrude Himmelfarb says this about the close relationship between Social Darwinist racism and imperialism:
Social Darwinism has often been understood in this sense: as a philosophy exalting competition, power and violence over convention, ethics, and religion. Thus it has become a portmanteau of nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and dictatorship, of the cults of the hero, the superman, and the master race.53
The well-known German historian Hans-Ulrich Wehler describes this aspect of Social Darwinism in these terms:
... it [Social Darwinism] allowed the emancipatory aspirations of the workers or colonial peoples to be dismissed as the futile protestations of inferior subjects in the struggle for existence. Vested with an aura of 'irrefutable' scientific knowledge, it was this versatility of application that gave Social Darwinism its power in its very real connection with the ruling interests. As an ideology it proved virtually ideal for justifying imperialism, [and] was kept alive by a host of popularizers in the industrialised nations.54
One can see Social Darwinist views in lines written in favor of imperialism in the retired German General Friedrich von Bernhardi's 1912 book, Britain as Germany's Vassal:
In the interest of the world's civilization it is our duty to enlarge Germany's colonial empire. Thus alone can we politically, or at least nationally, unite the Germans throughout the world, for only then will they recognize that German civilization is the most necessary factor in human progress. We must endeavor to acquire new territories throughout the world by all means in our power, because we must preserve to Germany the millions of Germans who will be born in the future, and we must provide for them food and employment. They ought to be enabled to live under a German sky, and to lead a German life.55
The hunger to acquire new territories, caused by the new imperialism, led to conflicts between the imperialist countries themselves. Again based on the errors of Darwinism, regarding local peoples as "inferior races" led to enormous cruelties. Imperialists maintained that they were setting out to bring civilization to the lands in question, but inflicted a terrible amount of tears and suffering.
One of the aspects of God's having created different races, tribes and nations on Earth is cultural exchange among them. In the Qur'an, God reveals that He has created different human societies "to know each other." (Surat al-Hujurat, 13)
The American Civil War (1861-1865) between the northern states, who demanded that slavery be abolished, and the southern states, who wanted it to continue. The idea of the superiority of the white race became a casus belli, and for four years, countrymen were to fight against one another. Slavery was finally abolished in the United States when the North emerged victorious.
According to Social Darwinism's worldview, human beings exist not to get to know one another, but to fight. Accordingly, the most important impetus for human progress is conflict between races and nations. Social Darwinism's irrational assumptions state that in order to emerge victorious from the conflict between races, new discoveries will be made. As a result, the "civilized" and "superior" will come out on top, and humanity will thus progress. To suggest that people will progress by killing and massacring one another, persecuting and oppressing others, is nothing more than barbarism. Disagreements and problems will arise from time to time. Yet all difficulties can be resolved by peaceful means. To imagine that violence offers a solution only makes the difficulties in question even more intractable. As already made clear, nations are perfectly justified in taking precautions to protect their future interests. But it is both illogical and a violation of good conscience to frame a policy ignoring the rights of other nations or believing that one nation's interests lie in destroying those of others.
Present-day evolutionists seek to portray Darwin, as "humane" and opposed to racism, but actually he was a proponent of conflict between races and advanced the lie that the "civilized"—at least in their own lights—white race would emerge victorious from such conflict. Some lines from Darwin's The Descent of Man read as follows:
When civilised nations come into contact with barbarians the struggle is short, except where a deadly climate gives its aid to the native race... The grade of their civilisation seems to be a most important element in the success of competing nations.56
Elsewhere in his book, Darwin refers to the conflict between "savages" and the "civilized," and claims that the latter will emerge superior. By these totally illusory assumptions, he prepared the groundwork for the chaos and suffering that would continue for nearly a century.
A great many Darwinists who came after him treated conflict between races as if it were scientific fact. For example, National Life from the Standpoint of Science by Karl Pearson, a 19th century evolutionary theorist regarded as a follower of Francis Galton, is important in revealing contemporaries' view of inter-racial conflict and the causes behind the new imperialism. Like other Social Darwinists, Pearson claimed that conflict between races is necessary, and that struggle within a single race is insufficient for evolution. Some of these claims of Pearson, which are devoid of any scientific truth, read as follows:
What I have said about bad stock seems to me to hold for the lower races of man. How many centuries, how many thousand of years, have the Kaffir or the negro held large districts in Africa undisturbed by the white man? Yet their intertribal struggles have not yet produced a civilization in the least comparable with the Aryan. Educate and nurture them as you will, I do not believe that you will succeed in modifying the stock. History shows me one way, and one way only, in which a high state of civilization has been produced, namely, the struggle of race with race, and the survival of the physically and mentally fitter race.57
Twisted statements like these provided imperialism with an allegedly scientific backing. The Europeans who occupied the African continent and a large part of Asia, as well as persecuting the Australian native peoples, claimed that their occupations were based on natural law and the only way for humanity to progress. (That this claim had no foundation was later proven by subsequent advances in the scientific world.) According to Pearson, wars formerly conducted in an unconscious manner would now have to be waged in a conscious, pre-planned fashion:
There is a struggle of race against race and of nation against nation. In the early days of that struggle it was a blind, unconscious struggle of barbaric tribes. At the present day, in the case of the civilized white man, it has become more and more the conscious, carefully directed attempt of the nation to fit itself to a continuously changing environment. The nation has to foresee how and where the struggle will be carried on... I have asked you to look upon the nation as an organized whole in continual struggle with other nations, whether by force of arms or by force of trade and economic processes. I have asked you to look upon this struggle of either kind as a not wholly bad thing; it is the source of human progress throughout the world's history.58
In the 19th century, this deviant belief that conflict between races and nations was a path to progress and which regarded races and nations other than its own as "inferior," took control over large parts of the world. Some imperialist Europeans behaved most ruthlessly towards the inhabitants of their conquered lands. From the measures they adopted, it was evident that they regarded these peoples as weak and inferior, denigrated them, and refused to accept them as humans who enjoyed equal rights with themselves. The new imperialism was a 19th-century implementation of Social Darwinism on a world scale.
One reason why Darwinist ideas received such wide support was that Europeans of the time had moved away from religious moral values, which require people to live in peace. God has commanded people to be tolerant and forgiving toward one another. Corrupting order in the world and inciting war and conflict are evils that bear a heavy responsibility in the sight of God. In the Qur'an, God has revealed that He does not love corruption or harm being inflicted on people:
When he leaves you, he goes about the Earth corrupting it, destroying crops and animals. God does not love corruption. (Surat al-Baqara, 205)
A British military ceremony in India
The Social Darwinist views that dominated the colonial elites revealed themselves in policies adopted towards the native peoples. These administrations did not regard these peoples of the countries they ruled as human, but as primitive, intermediate life forms, and usually inflicted suffering, destruction and unhappiness. Social Darwinism was one major factor in these countries' ruthless policies. As already seen, the aggressive measures adopted by some nations, that in their arrogance regarded other nations as inferior, acquired false legitimization through Social Darwinism. These countries regarded themselves as perfectly justified in adopting such policies, which only increased their greed and aggression.
Top: British forces brutally suppressing Indians demanding their freedom. Bottom: A British soldier selecting soldiers for the Indian Army
The Opium Wars are an interesting example. Great Britain began selling opium to China in the early 1800s, even though at the time the production, sale and consumption of opium were forbidden in Britain itself. The English governing class, who scrupulously protected their own people against this scourge, soon made the Chinese people dependent on opium. After his son died of excessive opium consumption, the emperor decided to put a stop to the British importing the drug into his country. A government official, Lin Zexu (Lin Tse-Hsü), was sent to Canton—the East India Company's largest port—about putting an end to the trade. Since the British merchants did not favor cooperation, Zexu had the opium warehouses closed. The British immediately followed this with military intervention. The Chinese were routed and forced to accept a humiliating treaty, under which the opium trade in China was regarded as legal. Lin Zexu lost his post in the government and was sent into exile.
Top: Prince Edward, the Duke of Windsor, receiving gifts from the Maharajah of Koihayur Bottom: Zulus entertaining British troops celebrating Queen Victoria's birthday by holding a sack race
The Portuguese, for their part, exercised their "superiority" by effectively making slaves of the natives. They kidnapped natives from their colony of Angola and sent them far across the sea as "contracted" workers for five years. But very few of them survived long enough to make the return trip.59 In the great majority of occupied countries, colonizing powers took for themselves such territories and resources as they considered appropriate and gave them to settlers or companies from their own countries. They took no interest in the people who had lost their lands, and totally exploited their workforces, goods and mineral resources.
In 1827, the French began occupying Algeria. As part of the colonialist mentality of the time, the French regarded nations other than their own as second class, and constructed a system based on oppression of and violence against the Algerians. First of all, education and even speaking in Arabic were banned. Then Algeria was made economically totally dependent on France. Opponents were bloodily suppressed. A picture showing the torture and mistreatment of the Algerian people.
From their colonies, the British sent raw materials like cotton, tea and minerals to Britain, and later sent products made from them back to the colonies, to be sold at high prices. Cotton from India was processed in Britain, and the sale of Indian cotton was prohibited in India. In other words, they could use only cotton sold by the British. The Indians were also able to buy only salt produced by the British.
Another practice of the new imperialism was their belittling and behaving disrespectfully towards rulers of the countries they colonized. But in earlier times, from the era of Elizabeth I up until Napoleon, administrators had treated foreign leaders equally. The deviant idea of regarding oneself as superior gained increasing strength in 19th-century Europe, bringing with it insolence and rudeness.
Darwinist imperialists portrayed their colonization of other nations as the result of their races being "inferior" and "backward." According to such claims, the order of the superior race had to spread across the entire world, and if the world were to progress, the inferior had to be improved. Put another way, the colonialist powers alleged that they were bringing "civilization" to the lands they conquered. Yet their practices and policies in no way reflected their claims to be "well intentioned." Along with their Social Darwinist ideas, the 19th- and 20th-century colonialist powers brought with them chaos, conflict, fear and humiliation, rather than well-being, happiness, culture and civilization. Even if one accepts that the colonialists did provide some benefits for their colonies, still the harm they wreaked was many times greater.
Karl Pearson's words cited below, devoid of any humanity or compassion, summarize these Darwinism-based views:
Inset left: In Nebraska in 1919, a group of some 5,000 whites besieged the courthouse and captured a black prisoner and beat him senseless before shooting him more than 1,000 times and finally burning the body. Large picture: Two young blacks, Thomas Shipp and Abraham Smith, were lynched in Indiana in 1930. Thousands of Whites armed with baseball bats beat the two to death before hanging them. In the 1930s, the Ku Klux Klan began to grow. These lynchings are just two of the countless examples of the hatred and ruthlessness that racism brings with it.
The struggle means suffering, intense suffering, while it is in progress; but that struggle and that suffering have been the stages by which the white man has reached his present stage of development, and they account for the fact that he no longer lives in caves and feeds on roots and nuts. This dependence of progress on the survival of the fitter race, terribly black as it may seem to some of you, gives the struggle for existence its redeeming features; it is the fiery crucible out of which comes the finer metal. You may hope for a time when the sword shall be turned into the ploughshare, when American and German and English traders shall no longer compete in the markets of the world for their raw material and for their food supply, when the white man and the dark shall share the soil between them, and each till it as he lists. But, believe me, when that day comes mankind will no longer progress; there will be nothing to check the fertility of inferior stock; the relentless law of heredity will not be controlled and guided by natural selection. Man will stagnate... The path of progress is strewn with the wreck of nations; traces are everywhere to be seen of the [slaughtered remains] of inferior races, and of victims who found not the narrow way to the greater perfection. Yet these dead people are, in very truth, the stepping stones on which mankind has arisen to the higher intellectual and deeper emotional life of today.60
This "world view" that regards most nations as inferior, and their suffering and death as a step on the path to so-called evolution, poses a danger to all humanity. If individuals join forces to depict an idea as scientific fact, no matter how dangerous or how unscientific and illogical it may be, and engage in propaganda on its behalf, then soon that idea and its byproducts will be accepted by those who lack sufficient information on the subject in question. This is where the hidden danger of Darwinism lies. People believing in concepts such as "the struggle for survival" and "conflict between superior and inferior races" carried out all kinds of ruthless actions under the shelter of these claims—or at least kept silent while others did so. As a result, racist, aggressive, and ruthless dictators such as Hitler, Mussolini and Franco emerged, and millions applauded their words. And because of these cruel ideologies, tens of millions lived and died in pain, fear and suffering.
The Darwinist claim that conflict is an essential part of human nature encourages war between nations. Yet the impact of wars have on innocent civilians is obvious.
The deceptive idea that inter-racial conflict could lead to nations' progressing also laid the foundation for wars. Before World War I, when Social Darwinism was widespread, war was considered the "most appropriate means" for the elimination of the weak and the eradication of people seen as burdens, the survival of the strong, and the development of the human race.
Throughout history, many wars have been fought, but usually they took place within limits, not aimed directly at civilian populations, between the armies of the nations concerned. But in wars waged by Social Darwinist means, the real target was the people, to reduce the "surplus population" of the so-called "unfit" and the allegedly "inferior."
Before World War I, numerous writings and speeches described the Darwinist bases of war. Richard Milner, a contributing editor to Natural History, the magazine of New York's American Museum of Natural History, writes of the warlike Darwinist views of German intellectuals at the time:
Social Darwinist logic formed the basis of ruthless Nazi occupations, during which time millions of Russians were expatriated for slave labor and more millions executed for no crime at all.
During World War I, German intellectuals believed natural selection was irresistibly all-powerful (Allmacht), a law of nature impelling them to bloody struggle for domination. Their political and military textbooks promoted Darwin's theories as the "scientific" basis of a quest for world conquest, with the full backing of German scientists and professors of biology.61
During those years, General F. von Bernhardi engaged in propaganda on behalf of Social Darwinism. In his book Germany and the Next War Bernhardi maintained that conflict was a biological obligation and the best way of ridding the world of the unfit: "War is a biological necessity of the first importance, a regulative element in the life of mankind that cannot be dispensed with, since without it an unhealthy development will follow, which excludes every advancement of the race, and therefore all real civilization."62
The idea that war is a "regulative element" cannot be justified in rational or logical terms, nor with scientific facts. War is a destructive force that causes enormous losses of life and property, and its effects on society
Young people being obliged to fight, despite all the suffering that war brings with it, represents the dark face of Darwinism.
are enormously difficult to repair.
Nonetheless, those who regarded constant war and slaughter as requirements of so-called civilization continued to call for them. Elsewhere in Bernhardi's book, for instance, he wrote:
War is not merely a necessary element in the life of nations but an indispensable factor of culture, in which a truly civilized nation finds the highest expression of strength and vitality. ... War gives a biologically just decision, since its decisions rest on the very nature of things. ... It is not only a biological law, but a moral obligation and, as such, an indispensable factor in civilization.63
No doubt that one of the greatest errors made by those taken in by such ideas was to assume that war is compatible with human nature and thus, inevitable. In that view, the more people wage war, the more power and vitality they acquire. This is a great falsehood. God has created human beings in such a way that they are happiest when at peace. Chaos and conflict cause terrible tension in the human soul. The most rapid social, economic and cultural progress is made possible in a climate of peace and security. In her book Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution, Gertrude Himmelfarb makes the following comment:
As long as they do not experience war, people may never realize what a terrible disaster it actually is. It must never be forgotten that war spells sorrow, loss and suffering for millions of innocents. The way to build a world without war and conflict, one full of peace and security, is by the eradication of ideologies incompatible with the religious moral values commanded by God.
For the general [Bernhardi], it was the needs of war that came first, the imperialist adventures and nationalist experiments that followed. For others it was the reverse: the imperialist and nationalist aspirations brought war and militarism in their wake. There were even some who would have liked the virtues of war without the onus of militarism or nationalism; this was social Darwinism in its purest, most disinterested form.64
Sir Arthur Keith, an evolutionist anthropologist and biographer of Darwin, openly admitted that he was all in favor of war. Although he personally liked the idea of peace, he feared the results of such an experiment. Also, he made the illogical prediction that after 500 years of peace, the world would turn into "an orchard that has not known the pruning hook for many an autumn and has rioted in unchecked overgrowth for endless years."65
Keith's words indicate just how ruthless Darwinist suggestions can make people. Keith believed that the world needed to be "pruned" from time to time, that those "elements" that delayed the strengthening of the world needed to be cut away and discarded. He was openly supporting savagery. The "pruning" referred to by Keith was war, and those who died in war, whom he felt needed to be discarded, were helpless men and women and children. Those taken in by the deceptions of Darwinism feel no sympathy for these innocent people. The theory that in order to strengthen and develop the white race, those regarded as weak may be eliminated led to cruelties never seen before.
Social Darwinism's twisted views are one of the main reasons for the wars, conflict and slaughter that have continued unabated since the 19th century. As a result of the constant calls for war, even some who knew nothing about Social Darwinism fell under its spell.
African-Americans lynched in 1906. So long as love of God and feelings of compassion and sympathy for the human beings He created do not prevail, humanity will continue to experience such tragedies.
In the early 20th century, those who came to believe that war was essential were not just a group of marginal ideologues, but a great many journalists, academics, politicians and civil servants.66 They encouraged the eradication of women, children, the elderly and the needy, and the heedless expense of young lives on the battlefield supposedly for the "benefit of humanity."
These views were shared at the very highest levels. For instance, German Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg subscribed to the belief, common among the middle class when World War Ibegan, that conflict between Slav and Teuton was inevitable.67 The Kaiser is known to have held similar views. Many historians regard the wicked claims that war was unavoidable and the cleansing of inferior races was natural and useful as some of the principal causes of World War I.
The philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche was also one of the most prominent supporters of Social Darwinism in Germany. According to him, the ideal social system should be based on armed conflict: "Man shall be trained for war and woman for the recreation of the warrior; all else is folly."68 According to Nietzsche's twisted view, life consisted solely of war, and war contained everything within it.
Hitler, a fanatical Social Darwinist and great admirer of both Darwin and Nietzsche, put their warlike views into practice. Combining militarist thinking with the theory of evolution, Hitler said:
The 20th century, dominated by Social Darwinist philosophy, has gone down in history as one of war and bloody conflict. For decades, expressions of suffering never left the faces of millions.
The whole of nature is a continuous struggle between strength and weakness, and eternal victory of the strong over the weak.69
These ideas advanced by Hitler and others like him were products of a terrible ignorance. Those who imagined that with the theory of evolution they were basing their militaristic and aggressive thinking on a scientific foundation were merely deceiving themselves. Yet with the tens of thousands of people they induced to follow them, they inflicted ruin on the world on an unprecedented scale.
In an article titled "The Philosophy and Morals of War," Max Nordau—one of the leaders of the Zionist movement—identifies Darwin as the primary supporter of war:
The greatest authority of all the advocates of war is Darwin. Since the theory of evolution has been promulgated, they can cover their natural barbarism with the name of Darwin and proclaim the sanguinary instincts of their inmost hearts as the last word of science.70
In Darwin, Marx, Wagner:Critique of a Heritage, Jacques Barzun, a history teacher at Columbia University, stated that Darwin stoked the fires of militarism and warfare everywhere:
In wartime, not only the civilians suffer. Soldiers forced to fight as a result of a philosophy that has inflicted nothing but blood and sorrow on the world are also part of war's cruel face.
War became the symbol, the image, the inducement, the reason, and the language of all human doings on the planet. No one who has not waded through some sizable part of the literature of the period 1870-1914 has any conception of the extent to which it is one long call for blood... The militarists of the second half of the century poeticized war and luxuriated in the prospect of it. With relative impunity for themselves, they took it for granted that all struggles in life must be struggles for life, and the death of the loser its "natural" goal.71
In the same book, Barzun described how Europe in particular fell under the influence of Darwinism's racist, militaristic tenants:
In every European country between 1870 and 1914 there was a war party demanding armaments, an individualist party demanding ruthless competition, an imperialist party demanding a free hand over backward peoples, a socialist party demanding the conquest of power, and a racialist party demanding internal purges against aliens—all of them, when appeals to greed and glory failed, or even before, invoked Spencer and Darwin, which was to say, science incarnate. ... Race was biological, it was sociological; it was Darwinian.72
These deceptions, identified and described by many academics, account for the 20th century's history of war, slaughter and genocide.
White students attacking a black lawyer. Racism is a cause of anger, hatred, aggression and conflict. These students have so taken leave of their humanity as to kill an innocent man solely because of the color of his skin. They are living under the influence of Social Darwinism, whether consciously or otherwise. Top: An Alabama passenger bus in 1930. A separate section marked "Colored Passengers" was set aside for blacks.
Such savagery was not limited to the Nazis. Many parts of the world have experienced terrible catastrophes because of racism. Because of it, hundreds of thousands have been regarded as worthless, humiliated, forced from their homes and enslaved, killed or abandoned to die, treated like animals, and used in pharmaceutical experiments. The examples cited in this book are just a few of the many documented instances of savagery and violence.
The social structure envisaged by Darwinism needs to be accurately identified. Like all other materialist theories, Social Darwinism, maintaining that people are selfish creatures who live solely for their own interests, responsible solely to themselves, can never bring proper moral values and happiness to individuals or to society as a whole. In order to acquire proper moral values and happiness, a person needs to abandon selfish desires. Religious moral values, as commanded by our Lord, teach people how this will be. People's responsibility towards God and the kind of moral values they need to attain His approval are revealed in the Qur'an.
If people have faith in God's commandments and the Book revealed by Him, then they will feel compassion and affection towards others.
...Help each other to goodness and heedfulness. Do not help each other to wrongdoing and enmity. Fear God... (Surat al-Ma'ida, 2)
Those who love and fear God and obey His commandments, see other people as beings He created, and make no distinctions between them on grounds of race, nation, skin color or language. In every human being, they see beauty created by God, and take pleasure in that beauty. Their faith makes them loving, compassionate and protective. However, someone brainwashed by Darwinism's falsehoods looks down on other races and nations, feels justified in oppressing and even eradicating them, and spreads nothing but tension, unhappiness and fear. The racism and imperialism witnessed in the 19th and 20th centuries are the result of this Darwinist world view.
In the Qur'an, God has forbidden discrimination on grounds of race and has revealed that people can attain superiority in His sight through faith and their fear of Him:
O humanity! We created you from a male and female, and made you into peoples and tribe so that you might come to know each other. The noblest among you in God's sight is the one with the most fear of God. God is All-Knowing, All-Aware. (Surat al-Hujurat, 13)
26 Karl A. Schleunes, The Twisted Road to Auschwitz (Urbana, Illinios, University of Illinois Press, 1970), s. 30, 32; Jerry Bergman, Eugenics and Nazi Racial Policy, s. 118
27 Sidney M. Mintz, American Scientist, vol.60, Mayıs/Haziran 1972, s. 387
28 Sidney M. Mintz, American Scientist, vol.60, Mayıs/Haziran 1972, s. 387
29 Edwin G. Conklin, The Direction of Human Evolution, New York, Scribner's, 1921, s. 34
30 http://www.ncl.ac.uk/lifelong-learning/distrib/darwin/08.htm
31 George Gaylord Simpson, "The Biological Nature of Man", Science, vol.152, 22 Nisan, 1966, s. 475
32 Henry Fairfield Osborn, "The Evolution of Human Races," Natural History, Ocak/Şubat 1926; ikinci kez yayınlanışı Natural History, vol. 89, Nisan 1980, s. 129
33 James Ferguson, "The Laboratory of Racism", New Scientist, vol. 103, 27 Eylül 1984, s. 18
34 Stephen Jay Gould, "Human Equality is a Contingent Fact of History", Natural History, vol.93, Kasım 1984, s. 28
35 Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man, 2. baskı, New York, A L. Burt Co., 1874, s. 178
36 Charles Darwin, The Voyage of the Beagle, (edited David Amigoni, London: Wordsworth, 1997), Bölüm 10, "Tierra Del Fuego"
37 Charles Darwin, The Voyage of the Beagle, s.477
38 http://www.ncl.ac.uk/lifelong-learning/distrib/darwin/08.htm
39 Francis Darwin, The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Vol. I, 1888. New York, D. Appleton and Company, s.285-286
40 Stephen Jay Gould, Ontogeny and Phylogeny, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1977, s. 12752.
41 Thomas Huxley, Lay Sermons, Addresses and Reviews, New York, NY:Appleton, 1871, s. 20
42 Robert Lee Hotz, "Race has no basis in biology, researchers say," Los Angeles Times, 20 Şubat 1997
43 Susan Chaves Cameron, Journal of Counseling and Development, 76:277-285, 1998
44 Natalie Angier, "Do Races Differ? Not Really, DNA Shows", New York Times, 22 Ağustos 2000
45 Natalie Angier, "Do Races Differ? Not Really, DNA Shows", New York Times, 22 Ağustos 2000
46 Natalie Angier, "Do Races Differ? Not Really, DNA Shows", New York Times, 22 Ağustos 2000
47 Genetically Speaking, Race Doesn't Exist In Humans http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/1998-10/WUiS-GSRD-071098.php
48 Genetically Speaking, Race Doesn't Exist In Humans http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/1998-10/WUiS-GSRD-071098.php
51 Jim Knapp, Imperialism: The Struggle to Be Superior, http://www-personal.umich.edu/~jimknapp/papers/Imperialism.html
52 Encyclopedia Britannica, 1946 edition, volume 12, page 122A
53 Gertrude Himmelfarb, Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution, Chicago, Elephant Paperbacks, Ivan R. Dee, Publisher, 1996, s. 416
54 Hans-Ulrich Wehler, The German Empire, s.180, http://www.geocities.com/Area51/Rampart/4871/Darwin.html
55 T. D. Hall, The Scientific Background of the Nazi "Race Purification" Program, US & German Eugenics, Ethnic Cleansing, Genocide, and Population Control, http://www.trufax.org/avoid/nazi.html
56 Charles Darwin, The Decent of Man, s. 297
57 Karl Pearson, National Life from the Standpoint of Science, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1900, s. 11-16, 20-23, 36-37, 43-44
58 Karl Pearson, National Life from the Standpoint of Science, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1900, s. 11-16, 20-23, 36-37, 43-44
59 John Merriman, A History of Modern Europe, Volume Two: From the French Revolution to the Present, s.990-991
60 John Merriman, A History of Modern Europe, Volume Two: From the French Revolution to the Present, s.990-991
61 Richard Milner, Encyclopedia of Evolution: Humanity's Search for Its Origin, s. 59
62 Oscar Levy, Complete Works of Nietzsche, 1930, Vol. 2, s. 75
63 Richard Hofstadter, Social Darwinism in American Thought, s. 197; Gertrude Himmelfarb, Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution, s. 417
64Richard Hofstadter, Social Darwinism in American Thought, s. 197; Gertrude Himmelfarb, Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution, s. 417
65 Arthur Keith'in, Machin'in Darwin's Theory Applied to Mankind adlı kitabına yazdığı önsözden, s. Viii; Gertrude Himmelfarb, Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution, s. 417
66 W. Carr, A history of Germany 1815-1990, 4. Baskı, s. 205; Ernst Haeckel, Der Kamkpf um den Entwicklungs-Gedanken, 1905
67 W. Carr, A History of Germany 1815-1990, 4. Baskı, s. 208
68 Oscar Levy, Complete Works of Nietzsche, 1930, Vol. 2, s. 75
69 H. Enoch, Evolution or Creation, 1966, s. 147-148
70 Max Nordau, "The Philosophy and Morals of War", North American Review, 169 (1889), s. 794
71 Jacques Barzun, Darwin, Marx, Wagner, Garden City, New York, Doubleday, 1958, s. 92, 93
72 Jacques Barzun, Darwin, Marx, Wagner, s. 92-95
73 K. Ludmerer, Eugenics, In: Encyclopedia of Bioethics, Edited by Mark Lappe, The Free Press, New York, 1978, s.457
74 K. Ludmerer, Eugenics, In: Encyclopedia of Bioethics, Edited by Mark Lappe, The Free Press, New York, 1978, s.457
75 Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man, 2nd Ed., s. 133-134, 1887m
76 Charles Darwin, İnsanın Türeyişi, s. 171
77Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man, s. 945
78 Allan Chase, The Legacy of Malthus, Chicago:University of Illinois Press, 1980, s.136).
79 Francis Galton, Hereditary Genius: An Inquiry into its Laws and Consequences, London:Macmillan, 1892, s. 330
80 Joseph L. Graves Jr., The Emperor's New Clothes, Rutgers Universtiy Press, 2001, s. 96
81 Joseph L. Graves Jr., The Emperor's New Clothes, Rutgers Universtiy Press, 2001, s. 98
82 Joseph L. Graves Jr., The Emperor's New Clothes, Rutgers Universtiy Press, 2001, s. 98
84 Bernhard Schreiber, The Men Behind Hitler - A German Warning to the World, http://www.toolan.com/hitler/Hitler, s. 18
85 http://www.politicalamazon.com/pioneerfund.htm
86 Joseph L. Graves Jr., The Emperor's New Clothes, Rutgers Universtiy Press, 2001, s. 116-117
87 Joseph L. Graves Jr., The Emperor's New Clothes, Rutgers Universtiy Press, 2001, s. 119


text:
Dear Members,
Keep in mind that Character Bashing is now prohibited. Making fun of certain characters/character pairings leads to a pointless thread filled with insults and general rule breaking.
Also, remember that Versus threads are allowed only in the Versus section.
Thank you, NarutoBase Staff
Part 1(Original Naruto)
Part 2(shippuden)
Part 1's music or Part 2's music?
Part 1, but part 2 has some great emotional music.
Part 2. Pein's theme rocks.
part 1. But part 2 has some legit ost's
Part 2
Part 1
Part 1 was annoying
At least they get new music on shippuden
Fairy tail has the best OST.
Did Part 1 have Senya?
Originally Posted by Naruto N Uzumaki
Fairy tail has the best OST.
Off topic but i think part 1 has the best soundtrack
part 1 imo
Part 1 was great
Part 2 - most of it sux. Western music in ninja anime :sy:
Part 1's "Far off Distance"
I say part 1, mainly because I think the part 1 had the better soundtracks then part 2 did in my opinion.
i like the style of part 1 best, but the rythm to part 2 better....now in terms of themesongs in the anime, part 1 was much better
Part twos is soo much better
Part 2. Flow, Ikimino Gakari, 7!! ( 7 Oops )... Doesn't get much better than those.
Forum Rules

subset: commoncrawl


text:
PITTSBURGH, PA (May 23, 2007) – Passenger traffic grew by 1.7 percent in April 2007 at Pittsburgh International Airport (www.FlyPittsburgh.com) according to the April 2007 Scheduled Airline Traffic Report, prepared by the Allegheny County Airport Authority. Six airlines reported increases – three of which showed gains of more than 22 percent – while Southwest Airlines reported 20,000 more passengers in April 2007 compared to April 2006. Meanwhile, US Airways & US Airways Express reported almost 60,000 fewer passengers in the same time period.
A total of 861,243 scheduled passengers were enplaned and deplaned at the airport in April 2007, a 1.7% increase compared to April 2006 (861,243 passengers in April 2007/847,103 passengers in April 2006; 1.7 percent increase).
Southwest Airlines led all gainers in terms of increases in total passengers. The Texas-based airline reported 20,806 more passengers in April 2007 compared to April 2006. That translates to a 22.7% increase (112,449/91,643; 22.7%). Delta reported a gain of 16,150 passengers for a 25.5% increase (79,461/63,311; 25.5%) and AirTran gained 8,069 passengers for a 30.8% gain (34,233/26,164; 30.8%), comparing April 2007 to April 2006.
Those three were followed by American Airlines, which increased 13.8% (40,113/35,253; 13.8%), Continental, which showed a 4.4% increase (41,094/39,357; 4.4%), and Air Canada, which reported a 2.3% increase (2,957/2,891; 2.3%) comparing April 2007 to April 2006.
Those gains were more than enough to offset the losses posted by US Airways and US Airways Express, which showed a loss of 59,931 passengers for a 12.8% decrease (408,167/468,098; 12.8%) comparing April 2007 to April 2006. The airline has not shown an increase in passengers at Pittsburgh International Airport since September 2002. Additionally, the airline has reduced operations at the airport by more 75% since that time and plans to cut even more flights in July.
United (58,297/59,077; 1.3% decrease), Northwest (40,312/40,442; 0.3% decrease), USA3000 (13,121/13,191; 0.5% decrease) and Midwest (7,440/7,676; 3.1% decrease) also reported losses comparing April 2007 to April 2006.
"Airlines other than US Airways account for more than 50 percent of the traffic at Pittsburgh International Airport" Allegheny County Airport Authority Executive Director Kent G. George said. "The numbers continue to reflect the shift to more passengers originating and ending their travel in Pittsburgh – a trend that has occurred since fares have become more competitive and US Airways has reduced its operations. As a result, area residents are able to enjoy air travel at better fares with many choices of carriers."
JetBlue, which began service in June of 2006, reported 21,771 passengers for April 2007. Year-to-date totals show 76,320 passengers, which accounts for 2.46% percent of the total traffic.
Airport-wide, year-to-date figures show traffic just slightly ahead of pace of 2006. Through the first four months of 2007, traffic is 0.1 percent higher than the same time period in 2006 (3,105,501/3,100,901; 0.1%).
April 2007 Scheduled Traffic at Pittsburgh International Airport
2007 Year-to-Date Scheduled Traffic at Pittsburgh International Airport


text:
To book a day ticket online please choose the date(s) you wish to play, search for availability and then select your desired tee times. As this is a single course club, both tee times will be on the same course.
The following credit and debit cards are acceptable:
Please read the following Terms and Conditions carefully before booking a tee time.
Please enter any specific requests in the booking notes field.
Using your credit card to make purchases via our web site is a secure way to pay for your golf.
We have put a number of security steps in place to give you, the customer, total
confidence when booking your golf over the Internet.
All personal details as well as credit card information, is kept confidential
through the use of secure server software (SSL). This means that information
can only be exchanged between you and us, and that no third party can access
this data. The padlock symbol on your browser shows which pages are covered
by this security system.
Online Booking Software provided by BRS Golf


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"Your radio show changed my life. As a result of listening, I converted to Catholicism at 53 years old. I was a very active Protestant my whole life before becoming a Catholic. Keep up the terrific work!"
~ Connie
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Subscribe to Catholic Answers Magazine
"I am come here to die, being a Catholic, a priest, and a religious man, belonging to the Order of St. Benedict; it was by this same order that England was converted."
~ Mark Barkworth, convert, priest, martyr, Venerable; in comments to the crowd just before he was drawn and quartered at Tyburn on the first Tuesday of Lent, 1601.


text:
JavaScript settings and preferences for interactive web pages
Revision Information
- Revision id: 45575
- Created:
- Creator: irvin
- Comment: Add SettingSanity addon for re-add Js adv option on Fx23
- Reviewed: Yes
- Reviewed:
- Reviewed by: Verdi
- Is approved? No
- Is current revision? No
- Ready for localization: No
Revision Source
Revision Content
This article describes what JavaScript is, how to turn it on and off, what JavaScript settings are available in Firefox and how to allow or block it on certain websites.
This article describes what JavaScript is and how to allow or block it on certain websites.
Table of Contents
What is JavaScript?
In Firefox, you can configure whether JavaScript in web pages is permitted to execute or not. To allow JavaScript in Firefox:
At the top of the Firefox window, click on the button and then select .At the top of the Firefox window, click on the menu and then select .On the menu bar, click on the menu and select .At the top of the Firefox window, click on the menu and select .
Click the menu button and choose . .
- In the OptionsPreferences window, select the panel.
- To change advanced settings, click
Click to close the Options window.Click to close the Preferences window.Close the Preferences window. Close the about:preferences page. Any changes you've made will automatically be saved.
Advanced JavaScript settings
Through the Advanced JavaScript Settings window, you can configure the permissions for JavaScript.
- Move or resize existing windows: To prevent JavaScripts from changing the position or size of existing windows, deselect this option.
- Raise or lower windows: This option allows sites to place windows below or above existing windows.
Allow and block JavaScript on certain domains
JavaScript can be used to do things that some people don't like. For better control, you can install privacy extensions such as:
- NoScript: allows JavaScript and other content to run only on websites of your choice.
- Ghostery: allows you to block scripts from companies that you don't trust.
Based on information from JavaScript (mozillaZine KB)


text:
|Download : Screensavers : Girls Actors : Free Sexy Quality Mischa Anderson Screensaver
Free Sexy, Quality Mischa Barton Screensaver with high resolution sexy pics - Windows Freeware. Free Sexy, High Quality Mischa Barton Screensaver featuring over 25 high resolution pictures and wallpapers of her in tight outfits, skimpy bikinis and lingerie (non-nude).
Screensaver includes 40 configurable transition effects, and totally customizable timing, shuffling, and image resizing settings. See this hot babe in a way you've never seen her before.
|Celebrity Adult Bikini Lingerie. Quality High Resolution Pics Anderson.


text: The Beginning: Search and Destroy (4) tv-pg Play video Select your TV provider to log in to have full access to videos Select your TV provider See all providers Don't see your TV provider? Learn more You can access this video on the free HISTORY® app. *You must verify your TV provider towatch this video on the App Your Parental Control settings do not allow you to view this content. The Beginning: Search and Destroy (4 min) tv-pg Search and Destroy missions were a crucial part of the American war strategy in Vietnam.


text:
Expand your knowledge & your network
Summer Law Programs
in Washington, D.C.
Anti-Corruption Law (U.S. and International)
June 5 - 9
Learn More & Apply >
Industry experts provide a crucial overview of relevant U.S. and international laws and policies in Anti-Corruption Law. Topics range from public/private sector integrity to region-specific regulations such as U.S. lobbying/political finance regulations and foreign bribery laws. The program will appeal to law students seeking to gain a strong legal ethics education and to foreign attorneys who look to the U.S. as a model for implementing anti-corruption regulations and statues.
English for Lawyers
July 10 - 27
Learn More & Apply >
An introduction for foreign practitioners and incoming LL.M. students to legal English concepts, speaking, and writing. Through daily lectures, written assignments, in-class exercises, contract negotiations, and a mock arbitration exercise, students whose native language is not English practice a wide array of legal English skills. Small class size and student-teacher meetings ensure individual attention.
Environmental Law
May 30 - June 23
Learn More & Apply >
An intensive training opportunity designed for law students and practitioners. Seminars on domestic and international environmental law are taught by leading practitioners from business, government, and non-governmental organizations.
Health Law and Policy
June 9 - 17
Learn More & Apply >
Taught by leading health lawyers, the Institute provides intensive training for law students and attorneys interested in health law. Participants can choose from a broad selection of courses on health care law, including business and regulatory aspects of the field. Lunchtime networking opportunities help participants interact with others to explore the latest trends and developments in health law.
Hospitality and Tourism Law
June 12 - 16
Learn More & Apply >
Course work, case study, and advice for career paths from industry specialists combine to form a fundamental overview of hospitality and tourism practice. Participants learn from legal experts at Greenberg Traurig, Marriott, and more. Course topics include Franchise, Licensing, and Management Agreements, to gaming and resort law, and basic topics of hotel law. Planned site visits include convention center hotels and casinos operations.
Human Rights and Humanitarian Law
May 30 - June 16
Learn More & Apply >
Nineteen courses in English or Spanish taught by more than 30 visiting world-renowned scholars and practitioners. Concurrently, the Academy also hosts Human Rights Month, featuring special panel presentations, a film festival and sight visits to local NGOs. In addition, there are social opportunities for participants to network with the faculty and with each other.
Intellectual Property Law
May 30 - June 15
Learn More & Apply >
A concentrated program of courses designed for law students, practitioners, government officials, and scholars interested in the advanced study of international intellectual property law. Courses take place in D.C. and in Geneva, Switzerland, offering participants the chance to learn from experts in the field at two global centers for international intellectual property policy making.
International Commercial Arbitration
May 30 - June 15
Learn More & Apply >
Prepares the legal profession to meet the increasing demands for the resolution of disputes in international business and economic transactions. Focuses on theoretical and practical aspects, insights into the practice and the handling of arbitration cases, and networking with leading attorneys, including Dr. Horacio Grigera Naón, Director of the Center on International Commercial Arbitration.
International Communications Law
June 12 - 15
Learn More & Apply >
The continued expansion and development of telecommunications poses diverse and unique challenges to practitioners across the globe. The International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) along with AUWCL have established the International Communications Program to raise awareness and train practitioners about the international communications sector and how it can be used to implement general global policy objectives such as the Millennium Development Goals.
International Organizations, Law & Diplomacy
May 30 - June 23
Learn More & Apply >
The theory and practice of contemporary international organizations, law and diplomacy is taught through courses and experiential learning with experts on and officials from international organizations in Washington and Geneva. The program is open to law students, graduate students, and practitioners interested in international organization affairs.
Judicial Reform (Latin America)
July 17 - 21
Learn More & Apply >
Practitioners, government officials, and other legal professionals gain an overview of the reform processes of judicial systems taking place in Latin American countries, with a special emphasis on criminal justice. At the same time, participants will be exposed to the challenges and skills needed for professional practice in new judicial systems. Participants will also gain an understanding of select U.S. judicial system reforms which they may apply to their own work in Latin American systems.
Law and Government
June 19 - 24
Learn More & Apply >
Experienced practitioners and serious law students network with and learn from nationally recognized lawyers, academics, and government officials analyzing the most pressing legal issues of the day. The Institute addresses complex challenges in practicing law in Washington, D.C. and covers topics ranging from financial regulatory law to national security law.
Litigation Skills
July 5 - 22
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This rigorous litigation skills training program includes courses on fact witness depositions, expert witness depositions, and civil trial advocacy. The program also offers a full-day digital presentation workshop. The two-week program with courses offered primarily in the evening and on the weekend is ideal for practicing attorneys as well as JD and LLM students seeking to hone their advocacy skills.
Gain a competitive edge this summer at American University Washington College of Law.
Each year our summer law programs in D.C. provide students and practitioners with expert instruction, intensive training, and networking opportunities with some of the most influential people in their respective fields of law. Programs qualify for academic or for Continuing Legal Education credit.
Choose courses in one or several of our diverse subject areas for Summer 2017.


text:
Home List of Titles Temporal dependency based checkpoint selection for dynamic verification of temporal constraints in scientific workflow systems
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/60512
- Title
- Temporal dependency based checkpoint selection for dynamic verification of temporal constraints in scientific workflow systems
- Author(s)
- Chen, Jinjun; Yang, Yun
- Abstract
- In a scientific workflow system, a checkpoint selection strategy is used to select checkpoints along scientific workflow execution for verifying temporal constraints so that we can identify any temporal violations and handle them in time in order to ensure overall temporal correctness of the execution that is often essential for the usefulness of execution results. The problem of existing representative strategies is that they do not differentiate temporal constraints as, once a checkpoint is selected, they verify all temporal constraints. However, such a checkpoint does not need to be taken for those constraints whose consistency can be deduced from others. The corresponding verification of such constraints is consequently unnecessary and can severely impact overall temporal verification efficiency while the efficiency determines whether temporal violations can be identified quickly for handling in time. To address the problem, in this article, we develop a new temporal-dependency based checkpoint selection strategy which can select checkpoints in accordance with different temporal constraints. With our strategy, the corresponding unnecessary verification can be avoided. The comparison and experimental simulation further demonstrate that our new strategy can improve the efficiency of overall temporal verification significantly over the existing representative strategies.
- Publication type
- Journal article
- Research centre
- Swinburne University of Technology. Faculty of Information and Communication Technologies. Centre for Complex Software Systems and Services
- Source
- ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, Vol. 20. no. 3 (Aug 2011), article no. 9
- Publication year
- 2011
- Keyword(s)
- Checkpoint algorithms; Climate modelling; Scientific workflow systems; Software engineering; Weather forecasting
- Publisher
- Publisher URL
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2011 ACM.
- Research Projects
- Peer reviewed


text:
August 11, 2011 —
Oh my gosh, what a week! As I made plans to visit friends and family in the Finger Lakes, I checked my schedule and realized that I had better make hay while the sun shines, since if there is one thing that the summer knows, it's that time is fleeting and before we know it, we'll see the wintry snows.
I wanted to be both here and afield, so worked it out to do it all—as is my wont. I miss the sprawling vineyards further upstate and childhood memories flooded my psyche as I traversed the land that once was home. I made the most of it, touring Watkins Glen, Trumansburg and Ithaca, NY. I snapped pics of the falls and watched the sun set over my childhood before snaking my way home to a comeback of a different sort.
"You can rest when you're dead," I snorted to the dog, as I headed east and took my seat at the Bethel Woods Center for the Arts (www.bethelwoodscenter.org [2]) to bask in the glow that is Janet Jackson. Is she a diva? You bet she is and (IMHO) deservedly so. Jackson's "Number Ones" is billed as her "largest tour ever" and once again, I am reminded of how fortunate we are to have such a great venue, here in the heart of the Catskills.
With 35 cities listed on her schedule, including Paris, London, Monte Carlo, Manila and Perth, Australia, what are the odds that Bethel, NY would make the grade? Ingratiating, ingenuous and downright sweet, Jackson hit the stage with backup singers, sensational dancers and a slew of musicians that made us all forget that the show started late—and reminding the audience that "Diva" is a term of endearment when a superstar is in the house.
Armed with decades of hits to support the show, everyone in the house was wowed by the legendary choreography and zeal that "Michael's little sister" has made her trademark, as she performed a 90-minute set without interruption, holding the audience in the palm of her hand. Stunning and vivacious, Miss Janet Jackson made it clear that she lives to entertain—and comes by her status rightfully, as she connected with the audience throughout, sincerely grateful that we still show up to support her passion.
Comeback? I'm not sure that she ever left, but hope she stays around for a long, long time. Jackson expressed her joy in performing for the Bethel crowd, and all we can do is hope that she returns, since this shining star shows no sign of dimming.
Speaking of stars, August 13 heralds the return of an annual wonder—the Perseid Meteor Shower (earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/earthskys-meteor-shower-guide) and I'm planning to begin my celebration by toasting the debut of "Peace" vodka at the Catskill Distilling Company that same night. Monte Sachs has created the taste sensation, using locally harvested grains, and it's time for the fruits of his labors to debut.
Honoring the "Spirits of Woodstock," Sachs is looking forward to "Love" and "Happiness" bottles joining "Peace" on the shelves in the near future.
I might not know where I'm going, but "I know where I've been" reverberates in my head as I peruse the play-list of snappy songs from Mark Shaiman's glowing score of "Hairspray" (the musical) currently running at the Rivoli Theatre in South Fallsburg, NY, presented by The Sullivan County Dramatic Workshop (www.scdw.net [3]).
Acting guru Konstantin Stanislavisky's declaration that "There are no small parts, only small actors" sprang to mind as I read the program, noting that several of the standouts (for me) were not lead players. Heather Stevens, Sal Polichetti, Carol Scannell MacAdam and Jennifer Colletti hit all the right notes, alongside powerhouse Rebecca DaCosta and local (bring down the house) diva Joseph Jervais as matriarch Edna Turnblad.
Allen and Scott Eckers, along with Ellen Pavloff, all work hard at making it work and from what I understand, the show has received some glowing notices. Clearly, dedication and effort has gone into this production—and if I've left some names out, it is strictly intentional. I've been called out before for airing my views, so am leaving it to you, the audience, to form your own opinions. My final remark on the subject? Sometimes being a "small actor" just isn't enough. If you want my uncensored review, feel free to ask. Will I be asked to come back? Only time will tell.


text:
Few consumers are buying on Pinterest, Macy's says
But Macy's is still bullish on Pinterest this holiday season—in particular, its video ads.
Few consumers are buying on Pinterest, Macy's says
But Macy's is still bullish on Pinterest this holiday season—in particular, its video ads.
Social media stars in China turn to e-commerce
The growing number of influential Weibo commentators are increasingly opening their own online shops or promoting products.
Sign up for IRNewsLink and get daily reports delivery to your inbox. Sign Up Now
Sponsored by 2013 Social Media 300
On the same day, Express and Coach name web retailing leaders to their boards.
It's a coincidence, but no fluke, that today two major brands in U.S. retailing announced adding e-commerce executives to their boards of directors. Handbag marketer Coach Inc. selected Stephanie Tilenius, formerly of eBay, PayPal and Google's digital commerce arm, who now is part of prominent Silicon Valley venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers. Express Inc., the retail chain that sells apparel to younger women and men, picked Sona Chawla, president of e-commerce at drugstore chain Walgreen Co.
It's no mystery why these companies are looking for executives with deep e-commerce experience. They know consumers regularly start their shopping trips with web research, and often never make it to the mall, finding what they want online and buying it there and then. That accounts for why web store sales are growing at least five times faster than sales at bricks-and-mortar stores.
And the challenge for traditional retail is only getting tougher now that consumers are carrying the web with them as they shop, in the form of their Internet-connected smartphones. Retail chains are hustling to respond to this trend, as we describe in detail in the cover story of this month's issue of Internet Retailer magazine. I've no doubt their new board colleagues will be seeking the opinions of Tilenius and Chawla about how to respond to this phenomenon.
One other point that's noteworthy about today's announcements: They show the important role women play in online retailing. While the Internet's biggest names may be Mark, Sergey and Larry, not far behind them are executives named Sheryl and Marissa.
And the role of women in the retailing side of the Internet has been, if anything, even greater than at companies like Facebook and Google. Dawn Lepore was the CEO at drugstore.com for seven years, until leaving last year following Walgreen's acquisition of the web-only retailer; among other things, she sits on the boards of eBay and Coupons.com. Fiona Dias headed up e-commerce at Circuit City before moving to GSI Commerce and now playing a central role at ShopRunner, the online shipping and loyalty program that competes with Amazon Prime. And Fiona serves on the board of retail chain Advance Auto Parts. In another example, I recently interviewed Kirsten Green, the founder of venture capital firm Forerunner Ventures that recently raised $40 million to fund startup e-commerce companies.
There are plenty of other examples of women playing leading roles at e-commerce companies and web retailers. Maybe it has to do with women doing most of the shopping in U.S. households; more likely it's related to women doing better in school and accounting for a growing percentage of the top graduates from top colleges and business schools. Whatever the reason, some big brands are very anxious to have the advice of these well-respected female e-commerce leaders.
Be honest with customers about wait times, and make sure agents have all the information ...
Posted 12/07/16
Here are five technologies that can unleash the power of all the data an online ...
Posted 12/06/16
These young consumers want their online orders fast, but they're willing to pay extra for ...
Posted 12/06/16
Keep in mind that Amazon is focused on pleasing consumers, not on enforcing manufacturers' pricing ...
Posted 12/05/16
Online retail is hard, grocery retail is really hard, so online grocery is, of course, really, really hard."


text:
The possibilities of testosterone therapy are enticing -- increase your muscle mass, sharpen your memory and concentration, boost your libido, and improve your energy level. As you get older, testosterone therapy may sound like the ultimate anti-aging formula. Yet the health benefits of testosterone therapy for age-related decline in testosterone aren't as clear as they may seem. Find out what's known -- and not known -- about testosterone therapy for normal aging.
What is testosterone?
Testosterone is a hormone produced primarily in the testicles. Testosterone helps maintain men's:
- Bone density
- Fat distribution
- Muscle strength and mass
- Red blood cell production
- Sex drive
- Sperm production
Hypogonadism is a disease in which the body is unable to produce normal amounts of testosterone due to a problem with the testicles or with the pituitary gland that controls the testicles. Testosterone replacement therapy can improve the signs and symptoms of low testosterone in these men. Doctors may prescribe testosterone as injections, pellets, patches or gels.
What happens to testosterone levels with age?
Testosterone peaks during adolescence and early adulthood. As you get older, your testosterone level gradually declines -- typically about 1 percent a year after age 30. It is important to determine in older men if a low testosterone level is simply due to the decline of normal aging or if it is due to a disease (hypogonadism).
Does a naturally declining testosterone level cause the signs and symptoms of aging?
Not necessarily. Men can experience many signs and symptoms as they age, and some may occur as a result of lower testosterone levels and can include:
- Changes in sexual function. This may include reduced sexual desire, fewer spontaneous erections -- such as during sleep -- and infertility.
- Changes in sleep patterns. Sometimes low testosterone causes insomnia or other sleep disturbances.
- Physical changes. Various physical changes are possible, including increased body fat, reduced muscle bulk and strength, and decreased bone density. Swollen or tender breasts (gynecomastia) and hair loss are possible. You may experience hot flashes and have less energy than you used to.
- Emotional changes. Low testosterone may contribute to a decrease in motivation or self-confidence. You may feel sad or depressed, or have trouble concentrating or remembering things.
It's important to note that some of these signs and symptoms are a normal part of aging. Others can be caused by various underlying factors, including medication side effects, thyroid problems, depression and excessive alcohol use. A blood test is the only way to diagnose a low testosterone level.
Source: http://www.mayoclinic.org/testosterone-therapy/ART-20045728/


text:
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Depth of experience marks choice for State Schools
Illinois' newly appointed State Superintendent of Education brings
a wealth of experience to the position, including top leadership positions
in three other state education agencies and several local school systems.
"Dr. Robert Schiller brings an impressive mix of knowledge, skills
and experience to help Illinois schools and students," said Ronald
J. Gidwitz, chair of the State Board of Education. "He has the proven
ability to lead diverse educational systems and produce measurable improvements
that help students succeed."
"In three other states, he has shown that he can work effectively
with governors and legislators with widely variant political perspectives
to achieve support for schools. We fully expect him to be successful in
Illinois using that same proven, nonpartisan approach to meeting the needs
of schools and students."
"Some have suggested that the State Board wait to appoint a Superintendent
until a new governor is elected," Gidwitz said. "Not only
is it the Constitutional responsibility of the State Board to select the
State Superintendent, is it imperative that we maintain strong, consistent
leadership of this most important function. No matter how capable the
person who is asked to fill in –and Res Vazquez has done an outstanding
job—the absence of designated long-term leadership takes some of
the momentum from school improvement efforts. We must aggressively continue
to progress in helping students achieve."
Members of the State Board of Education voted Thursday to appoint Schiller,
55, now the Superintendent, CEO and Chief Financial Officer of the 45,000-student
Caddo Parish Public School District in Shreveport, Louisiana. He will
assume the Illinois position August 1, 2002.
"I am honored to have been asked by State Board members to join
in their efforts to support Illinois schools," Schiller said. "Illinois
has rigorous standards and Illinois schools are well on their way to integrating
those standards in their daily activities. I look forward to the challenge
of continuing that progress."
Schiller's track record includes leadership of the turnaround of
the Baltimore City Public Schools. In 1997, he was asked by the Maryland
governor, legislature and state board of education to serve as Interim
CEO of the 109,000-student system that was being reorganized through a
partnership between the city and state. Spearheading a restructuring that
established a strong, independent system, Schiller eliminated the $27
million debt and designed the state-approved five-year strategic plan.
By law, the Interim CEO could not be hired as the permanent CEO.
Schiller joined the Caddo Parish public schools in 1999 and is credited
with raising student achievement to the district's highest level
while also increasing the district's fund balances to their highest
levels. The district now has seven schools designated by the U.S. Education
dept. as "Blue Ribbon Schools of Excellence" and has the three
top-rated schools in the state.
Last spring, the district received an overall Excellent rating from the
"This search process allowed us to review the credentials of many
highly qualified candidates," said State Board member Marjorie Branch
of Chicago. "We had a virtual 'United Nations' of candidates
in the diversity of race, ethnicity, gender and geography. After that
thorough review, I am confident that we have selected a proven educational
leader who will serve well the citizens of Illinois."
From 1991 to 1996, Schiller was the State Superintendent of Public Instruction
for the state of Michigan. As Michigan State Superintendent, he also chaired
the State Board of Education, the State Community College Board, the Higher
Education Assistance Authority, the State Disability Determination Services,
and State Rehabilitation Services.
Prior to accepting the Michigan superintendency, he served as Deputy
State Superintendent of Public Instruction for the state of Delaware and
as Deputy State Superintendent of Education for the state of Louisiana.
For the previous 19 years, Schiller served three school districts in
New Jersey as teacher, vice-principal, assistant superintendent and superintendent.
The State Board began the search process last fall after Glenn W. McGee
announced that he would not seek an extension of his contract that expired
December 31, 2001. Board members conducted focus groups and several meetings
throughout the state to get constituents' input on qualities desired
in the position. An executive search firm assisted in locating candidates
meeting the criteria and helped guide the process.
More than 30 individuals either applied for or were nominated for the
announced opening. Board members conducted interviews with several finalists
who best met the criteria for the position. Board members reported that
Schiller was selected from a final pool of "outstanding candidates."
"We began this process with high expectations," reported
Janet Steiner, State Board member from Carlinville and a member of the
Search Committee. "Dr. Schiller met each of those high expectations.
He brings an outstanding record of accomplishments as a state superintendent,
local school superintendent, teacher and principal."
Schiller earned a B.A. degree in Economics from Upsala College and an
M.A. degree in English from the University of Mississippi. He also holds
master's and doctorate degrees from the University of Pennsylvania
Graduate School of Education.
The salary and contract for Schiller is similar to the contract for the
last superintendent and includes performance measures in four areas: student
performance, systemic academic improvement, leadership and management.
Illinois State Board of Education
100 North First Street
Springfield, IL 62777


text:
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#209518 - 02/11/13 05:23 PM Re: Football? [Re: Faldage]
old hand
Registered: 11/13/11
Posts: 1075
Loc: Lancaster, UK
Originally Posted By: FaldageAnd by "get a shot" I did mean "obtain a photograph".
Now is the winter of your missed intent made glorious something by this sum of talk._________________________
I'm immortal until proven otherwise
#209521 - 02/11/13 06:32 PM Re: Football? [Re: BranShea]
old hand
Registered: 05/10/10
Posts: 954
Loc: Alaska
Originally Posted By: BranSheaadequately explained by Tromboniatior xept that the last phrase was bit confusing
So you could get a shot of the player getting a shot after getting a shot. Or the other way round.
You could take a photo of the player receiving an injection after kicking the ball at the goal, or kicking the ball at the goal after receiving an injection. It was intended to demonstrate the irony of my statement that it was simple. I have a tendency to get too clever for my own good, as my entire family will attest.
#209528 - 02/12/13 03:42 AM Re: Football? [Re: Tromboniator]
Carpal Tunnel
Registered: 06/23/06
Posts: 5295
Loc: Netherlands, the Hague
No no,it was funny enough, I understood the little game you played but I was following my tunnelviewed train of thought focussed on 'to get a shot ', 'to take a shot' or 'to give a shot'. It was about the differences of meaning between these verbs. We give a shot, the Brits take a shot and the Americans get a shot. Nitpicking on kicking (or the other way around) .
#209530 - 02/12/13 07:12 AM Re: Football? [Re: Buffalo Shrdlu]
Carpal Tunnel
Registered: 12/01/00
Posts: 13803
Incidentally, to further clarify (or muddy) things, what I specifically meant when I said "get a shot" was "find a photograph already taken by some photographer of a football player kicking the ball with his left foot." There is, of course, nothing in this proposed action to eliminate the possibility that the photographer in question would be you, in which case the act of taking the picture would be referred to a "getting a shot." "Getting a shot" in American parlance could also refer to the player finding an opportunity to kick the ball at the goal.
#209535 - 02/12/13 10:11 AM Re: Football? [Re: BranShea]
Carpal Tunnel
Registered: 04/03/00
Posts: 10538
Loc: this too shall pass
" We give a shot, the Brits take a shot and the Americans get a shot."
no, no, no! we don't differ from the Brits here, we just don't do it in football! (altho you might colloquially say, "we're running out of time here - let's take a shot at the end zone."
#209537 - 02/12/13 12:13 PM Re: Football? [Re: tsuwm]
Carpal Tunnel
Registered: 06/23/06
Posts: 5295
Loc: Netherlands, the Hague
Right, I understand by now that American football is played by ....hand. And shoot! it's allright, give it take it or leave it.
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EmilyB2+ weeks old
Need info on hurricane season. Moving down to Florida in a few months and worried about the type of weather down there. When is hurricane season and how should i prepare for it? Is there a particular house style or features i should look out for that won't be damaged by the hurricanes?
need info on hurricane season


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IRS blundersMay 14,2013
The revelation that the Internal Revenue Service had subjected tea party-oriented groups to special scrutiny represents the first major scandal of the Obama administration. It is especially unfortunate because the scandal will only deepen the hostility of tea party groups and others who see the federal government as an implacable foe.
The ability of the IRS to grant or deny tax-exempt status gives it immense power that must always be wielded fairly. The intent of President Richard Nixon to use the IRS to target his political enemies was one of the offenses that sank his presidency. President Obama said he learned of the IRS abuse only Friday. There is no reason to believe otherwise of an administration that so far has been remarkably free of scandal.
As of Monday the scope of the IRS abuse appeared to be broader than originally revealed. An inspector generals report cited by The New York Times said the agency was targeting groups that seek to make America a better place or that criticize how the country was being run.
That broader range of targets is more disturbing even than the notion that the IRS was looking at tea party or patriot groups. It suggests suspicion toward dissent of any kind. If that is what the IRS was doing, it plays into the paranoia of the most extreme black helicopter fringe on the right, as well as stoking fears of big government by the anarchist, Occupy fringe on the left.
In fact, it is far-fetched to believe that the Obama administration, which had its roots in a grass-roots movement founded on dissent, had morphed into some kind of totalitarian monolith. More likely, the IRS campaign was a clumsy effort to come to grips with the proliferation of political groups that may have been skating toward the edge of the rules for tax-exempt status.
Nevertheless, the IRS is the agency Americans love to hate. It is the agency that collects our taxes. If you are a conservative, it is the grasping hand of tax-and-spend liberals, a great damper on free enterprise, an intrusive and arbitrary agent of big government at its worst.
Washington is already paralyzed by a hostility toward government that is almost revolutionary in tenor. An article in The New York Times on Sunday described the unprecedented effort by Republicans in the Senate to hold up Obamas Cabinet nominees, including secretaries of labor and commerce and the administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. Added to this latest spasm of obstruction is the Senates long record holding up judicial nominees and other appointees carrying out the Obama agenda. It resembles a congressional coup against the executive branch.
Underlying GOP rejectionism is the premise that the Obama administration is a sort of tyranny that must be resisted at all costs. It is an attitude that dismisses rational discussion as weakness, compromise as futile. It is an attitude of fanaticism characteristic of revolutionary movements, and it is reflected in the paranoia of firearm fanatics who believe they must arm themselves against the tyranny in Washington.
The IRS scandal will only fan these flames, and Republicans in Congress will do the fanning. It is reasonable for the IRS to make sure that political groups are following the rules on tax-exempt status, but it counts as blatant bureaucratic malfeasance for the agency to single out specific kinds of political groups. Obama will have to get ahead of this scandal in short order or watch Republicans in Congress turn it into a long-running soap opera. They will probably do so anyway.
It is clear that heads will have to roll at the IRS (not in the revolutionary, guillotine-assisted way, but in the swift, severance-package way), and that Obama now must seize the initiative to ensure tax fairness. Wacky conservative groups, like wacky liberal groups, must follow the tax rules, and neither should have to feel that Big Brother is looking over their shoulders.MORE IN CommentarySure, you can buy your uncle a necktie that he wont wear, or your niece an Amazon certificate... Full StoryFor the past month, I have been watching close friends and family descending into a pit of... Full StoryAdjusting to snow, sleet and cold after spending over a month in an exponentially warmer climate ... Full Story
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Dr. Monica Stellin
Associate Professor, Italian Studies Coordinator
Contact InformationEmail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: (519) 884-0710 ext.2400
Office Location: BA408 Bricker Academic Building
Office Hours: Tue & Thur 9:00 - 10:00 am or by appointment
Personal Website: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANc2joZ6tb8
Languages Spoken
Academic Background
- Ph.D. Italian Studies, University of Toronto
- M.A., University of Toronto, Department of Italian Studies
- Laurea in Lingue e Letterature Straniere [Baccalaureate in English and German Languages and Literatures], Università degli Studi di Udine, Italy, (summa cum laude)
Other Positions:
Adjunct Associate Professor, St. Jeromes University, University of Waterloo
Research Fellow, Frank Iacobucci Centre for Italian Canadian Studies, University of Toronto.
Books Authored:
Bridging the Ocean: Italian Literature of Migration to Canada, Forum [U P, Italy], 2005.
Il mosaico dinamico: Il multiculturalismo in Canada, Forum [U P, Italy], 1999.
From Sea To Sea: An Illustrated History of the Fogolârs Federation of Canada, Fogolârs Federation of Canada, 1999.
Bridging the Ocean: Italian Literature of Migration to Canada, Forum [U P, Italy], 2005.
Il mosaico dinamico: Il multiculturalismo in Canada, Forum [U P, Italy], 1999.
From Sea To Sea: An Illustrated History of the Fogolârs Federation of Canada, Fogolârs Federation of Canada, 1999.
Book Edited as Special Issue of Referred Journal:
The Virtual Piazza: The Representation of Italian Culture in the Media, Special Issue of Italian Canadiana, vol. 19, 2005.
Recent Articles and Chapters in Books:
- La presenza culturale friulana e veneto-giuliana in Canada, Itineranze e Transcodificazioni: Scrittori Migranti dal Friuli Venezia Giulia al Canada, Alessandra Ferraro e Anna Pia De Luca eds., with an introduction by Joseph Pivato. Udine, Forum [U P, Italy], 2008. 35-49.
- On the Multi-Textuality and Marketing of Italianicity in the Global Media, in Shaping History: Lidentità italocanadese nel Canada anglofono, eds. Anna Pia De Luca and Alessandra Ferraro, Forum [U P, Italy], 2005. 145-53.
- From Paese to Virtual Piazza: On Italian Culture and Media in Canada, The Virtual Piazza, 2005. 41-55.
Between Diaspora and Global Icon: On the Representation of Italicity in Global Media, Italian Canadiana, vol. 17, 2003. 15-35.
Recent Conference Papers and Guest Lectures:
La piazza virtuale: i media e la comunità italo-canadese. Italian Cultural Institute Consulate General of Italy, Toronto, October 22, 2008.
Exploring Italicity in a Canadian Setting, Frank Iacobucci Centre Lecture Series, Frank Iacobucci Centre, University of Toronto, 19 April, 2006.
Italian Literature in Canada in the Twenty-First Century, Canadian Society for Italian Studies Annual Conference, 75th Congress of the Humanities and Social Sciences, Toronto, York University, 27 May, 2006.
Additional Information
Research Interests:
Italian ethnicity and media representation, Italian literature of migration to Canada, Canadian multiculturalism.


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Local students getting help for trip to Germany
Some local students are getting help to travel overseas.
The German International Relations Committee is contributing $1,400 to help send a group of Central and Logan high school students to visit Germany. It's part of a nearly 25-year exchange program.
This past school year students at both schools hosted students from Germany. This summer it's their turn to be immersed in the foreign culture. "When you go to a place you get to experience the culture and how it feels to use the language, so you actually get the context it's being used in, instead of saying a bunch of words," says Matt Dietz, a student at Logan High School.
"I think it's really important to be immersed in a culture that you study, because then when you're really pushed into doing something, you learn it a lot better," says Anneliis Sartin-Tarm, a student at Central High School.
27 students from Central and Logan will be making the trip to Germany.
Copyright 2013 by WKBT News8000. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Chef/Owner Jake Linzinmeir, Chair 8, Telluride, CO. Yield: 4 servings. 2 lamb racks, French cut and trimmed of excess fat 2 cups very fine bread crumbs 1/4 cup lavender flowers 1/4 cup warm wildflower honey 3 cups very fine bread crumb 1/4 cup coarse sea salt 1/2 lb. lardo or pancetta, very thinly siced into 1" wide ribbons 2 Tbsp. extra virgin olive oil 3 Yukon Gold potatoes 2 celery roots, peeled 1/4 cup heavy cream 1/4 cup butter Quickly blend salt and lavender flowers in spice ...
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With locations throughout the city, readers chose Roosters as their favorite spot to gnaw America's favorite bar food. They're also great sports bars, and we all know how well chicken wings and watching sports go together. Just don't forget the Wet-Naps.
Runners-up: Barley's Smokehouse & Brewpub, Quaker Steak & Lube


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Gunslinger Doc Holliday dies, the X-ray is discovered by accident, John F. Kennedy is elected president, and the Florida recount begins, all on this day.
1966: Former Massachusetts Attorney General Edward Brooke becomes the first black person elected to the U.S. Senate since Reconstruction. Brooke would remain the only black person elected to the Senate in the 20th century until Democrat Carol Moseley Braun of Illinois in 1993, and was the last Republican senator elected from Massachusetts until the 2010 election of Scott Brown.


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Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling
Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling (JBAB) is located in Southeast Washington, D.C. It was established on Oct. 1, 2010 in accordance with congressional legislation based on the recommendations of the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission (BRAC). The legislation ordered the consolidation of Naval Support Facility Anacostia and Bolling Air Force Base, which were separate, but adjoining military installations. JBAB became one of 12 joint bases formed throughout the country as a result of the 2005 BRAC.
New to JBAB? Visit our Newcomers page and our Facebook page.


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The Smurfs: World of Wonders DVD
Smurf spoken here! Smurfette, Papa Smurf, Brainy, Greedy, Jokey and all your favorite true-blue friends are back in 5 smurferific animated adventures from the Emmy nominated series. Always quick to lend a smurfing hand, these pint-sized heroes rescue a lost giant, save a spell-stricken knight and defend a fairy kingdom from destruction all while outsmurfing the evil wizard Gargamel and his cat Azrael in more than 90 minutes of vintage cartoon charm. From the smurfiest TV series ever, you'll never feel blue with these smurf-tastic stories to brighten your day!
Read MoreLess
More Details
- Format: DVD
- Rating: Not Rated
- Number of Discs: 1
- Run Time: 92 Minutes
- Region: 1
- Aspect Ratio: Fullscreen
- Studio: Warner Home Video
- DVD Release Date: November 17, 2009
- Audio: ENGLISH: Dolby Digital Mono
- Genre: Kids
- Color: Color
Meet The Smurfs
- Release Date: 1981
Availability: In Stock
Ready to ship in 5-7 Business Days


text: ALLEGHENY COUNTY AIRPORT AUTHORITY GOLF COMMITTEE SEEKING GOLFERS AND SPONSORS FOR JUNE 16 BENEFIT AT CEDARBROOK GOLF COURSE PITTSBURGH, PA (May 9, 2012) – We are seeking golfers, sponsors and door prizes! The Airport Authority Golf Outing to benefit Soldiers & Sailors Memorial Hall & Museum will be held at 10 a.m., Saturday, June 16 at Cedarbrook Golf Course, Belle Vernon, PA. The Airport Authority Open is a shotgun scramble with many prizes and skills contests. For golfers, the event includes golf, a cart, a bucket of practice balls, lunch and dinner. For sponsors, there will be plenty of recognition and promotion for their support of this important and fun event. Entry fees are $110 per golfer or $440 per foursome. Many other great sponsorship opportunities are available as well. If you are interested in participating contact Jeff Martinelli at email@example.com or call him at 412-472-3581. Click Here for Registration Forms: PDF


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Discover migrating spring birds in Shelly Nature Preserve
May 1, 2013 —
THOMPSON, PA — Florence Shelly Wetlands Preserve will host its two annual bird walks on May 11 and May 18. Dedicated birders and curious amateurs alike will explore the woods, fields and wetlands of the 400-acre preserve as they identify birds by sight and song.
On Saturday, May 11 at 6 a.m., Ron Milliken will present his 26th annual walk in the preserve. Especially popular among birders, this walk focuses on migratory birds. The excursion often lasts the entire morning and covers a wide area of the preserve.
On the following Saturday, May 18 at 7:30 a.m., Evan Mann, a local birder and amateur naturalist, will conduct a leisurely walk around a smaller area of the preserve. Besides identifying birds that are nesting in the preserve's diverse ecological niches, Mann will discuss the habits of the various species spotted.
The two walks begin at the preserve parking lot one mile north of Thompson on Route 171, where Stack Road intersects. The trails may be wet, so wear warm, protective footwear. Don't forget your binoculars. For further information, contact Andy Gardner, 570/727-3362.