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Taking a Qualitative Look at a Prospective Stock's Figures
by Joe Lan, CFA
One of the first steps taken by investors when researching stocks is to spend time looking at a firm's financial statements—specifically, the income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement.
These financial statements provide investors with figures for revenues and earnings; a summary of assets, liabilities and shareholder's equity; and the uses of cash. Quantitative analyses of these figures are a good starting point, but when it comes to investing, it is important to remember that financial statements and ratios do not always tell the full story.
While most investors take the time to understand the quantitative element of investment research, a qualitative assessment of the figures enables investors to better judge the company as a whole. It provides an understanding of the driving factors behind the numbers and allows for a clearer judgment on a firm's prospects going forward.
In this article
- Type of Business
- Products
- Key Customers
- Order Backlog
- Geographical Markets
- Competition
- Risk Factors
- Management
- Corporate Governance
- Research and Development
- Patents and Licenses
- Government Regulation
- Legal Proceedings
- Conclusion
- Other Articles in the Financial Statement Analysis Series
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A good resource for conducting qualitative analysis is the Form 10-K. This is an annual filing required from public companies by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The 10-K provides a comprehensive overview of a company, including its business, management, financial performance, legal proceedings and debt obligations. Though lengthy and detailed, the document can reveal important information for those who know where to look. Other useful resources include the company earnings reports and conference calls with analysts. A company's annual report and investor presentations can also elicit useful, qualitative information. Annual reports and investor presentations can usually be found on company websites. You can find company 10-Ks using the EDGAR database on the SEC website (www.sec.gov/edgar/searchedgar/companysearch.html). In the database, you are able to search any company by name or ticker (Figure 1). The company page on EDGAR shows a sample of the filings with a link to download each document (Figure 2). You can also search for a specific filing on the company page.
The following are the key qualitative factors to consider.
Type of Business
All companies provide a description of their business operations near the beginning of their 10-K filings. This section explains what the company does to make money. For example, in Chevron Corporation's (CVX) 10-K, the business section starts out by stating that the company "provides administrative, financial, management and technology support to U.S. and international subsidiaries that engage in fully integrated petroleum operations, chemical operations, mining activities, power generation and energy services." Depending on the size and scope of the company and management's openess, this section can provide a basic overview or go into detail about the company's business model.
An important area to examine on a 10-K or annual report is the products that the company offers. Companies typically offer a range of products, but certain companies rely on a few products for the vast majority of their sales. A company that offers relatively few products is more risky than one that offers a wide range of products. However, companies with few products also can exhibit great growth. Conversely, companies offering a wide range of products, with less revenue as a percentage of sales for each product, are less risky but they tend to grow (or shrink) at a slower rate. When going through the 10-K or annual report, be sure to ascertain how much, as a percentage of sales and earnings, a certain product generates for a firm. Realize that firms can grow very quickly with relatively few products, but they are at a greater risk of a sudden slowdown in growth. All products go through life cycles, and successful product refreshes or new product launches are necessary for a firm to continue growing. Additionally, it is important to understand the potential and risks of these products, including product saturation and possible substitutes.
In addition, the type of products produced should be thoroughly examined. Commodity products lack differentiation and typically only compete on price. Companies that offer commodity products tend to have lower margins than companies that sell differentiated, "one-of-a-kind" products. Additionally, companies that sell commodity products will be greatly affected by any change in the price of inputs, whereas companies that sell differentiated products will be better able to pass these increased expenses on to consumers.
Seasonality and cyclicality also play a huge role. Retailers, for example, usually generate the most revenue during the holiday season. Cyclical firms generally sell discretionary items, and revenues are impacted by macroeconomic trends, such as economic expansions and contractions.
Key Customers
Some companies sell products to a broad range of customers, while others rely heavily on a few key customers. Before investing in a company, be sure to research whether a company generates a large percent of sales from a few key customers. Companies that rely on a small number of key customers are at a greater risk. For these companies, losing a key customer may pose a significant challenge and lead to steep drops in revenue and earnings.
Look for a discussion on key customers in the business section of the 10-K. Most companies will mention revenues generated from each key customer and provide critical contract information. Key customers may also be included in the notes that accompany the financial statements.
Order Backlog
In certain industries, order backlogs can play a significant role in determining future sales. In the aerospace industry, for example, customers may order planes years before they are delivered. The order backlog indicates the amount of sales that have been contracted but have yet to be delivered, providing a good gauge of future sales.
Information on a company's backlog can be found on the 10-K. Companies may also discuss their backlog in earnings press releases, on earnings conference calls or during investor presentations. Look for total backlog, when these sales are expected to be completed, the amount of work needed to complete the sales and whether the company protected itself from unexpected terminations of contracts. For companies like Boeing Co. (BA), the general trend in backlog is a better indicator than the figure itself since most of the backlog will not be realized in the company's coming fiscal year. Boeing also breaks down backlog by business segment.
Geographical Markets
Companies operate in different geographical markets. Firms selling goods and services worldwide will often, but not always, separate sales into different worldwide regions, such as Americas, Europe and Asia-Pacific. By contrast, a company such as Wal-Mart Stores Inc. (WMT) only reports figures for domestic and international sales, without specifically breaking down international sales by regions. The company does, however, provide store counts for each country and state in which it operates.
Companies that operate internationally tend to have two key advantages. First, during domestic downturns, international sales may help stabilize revenues. Second, international markets offer an additional outlet for potential growth.
There are downsides to selling internationally, however. Weakness overseas will adversely impact the sales and earnings a company reports. Fluctuating currency valuations will make reported earnings more volatile. They will also impact a company's ability to compete overseas, since products can become cheaper or more expensive depending on the prevailing exchange rate. Similarly, the costs of products and materials sourced from other nations will fluctuate depending on currency moves, impacting profit margins.
A summary of international sales can typically be found in the business segment of the 10-K. Companies generally disclose currency translation costs in the notes to the financial statements. Companies with major operations worldwide may also break out currency translation income and loss in the statement of consolidated income.
In order to understand a company's prospects, investors must understand its competition. Companies generally include a section in their 10-K and annual report dedicated to the competition with which it contends. Companies in highly competitive industries that produce "commodity" products, or products with a large number of similarly priced substitutes, typically offer lower margins than companies producing highly differentiated, one-of-a-kind products.
Some companies offer extensive information on competition. Many companies list their primary competitors for each market. For example, Microsoft Corporation (MSFT) provides a competition section for each of its five operating segments. Other companies are more general in their descriptions. Instead of offering analysis on competition against specific companies or product lines, these firms give insight on industry competition as a whole. Chevron, for instance, offers only the following competition information:
"Strong competition exists in all sectors of the petroleum and petrochemical industries in supplying the energy, fuel and chemical needs of industry and individual consumers. Chevron competes with fully integrated, major global petroleum companies, as well as independent and national petroleum companies, for the acquisition of crude oil and natural gas leases and other properties and for the equipment and labor required to develop and operate those properties. In its downstream business, Chevron competes with fully integrated, major petroleum companies and other independent refining, marketing, transportation and chemicals entities and national petroleum companies in the sale or acquisition of various goods or services in many national and international markets."
Risk Factors
In addition to competition, firms have a variety of other risk factors that should be considered. Each company is different, and understanding a firm's specific risk factors helps investors understand the firm itself. Risk factors are a very broad category and can range from a firm's ability to protect intellectual property rights or attract and retain talent to a firm's ability to deal with changing commodity prices. Most risk factors listed are boilerplate items that do not provide much insight. However, there is still useful information contained in this section. Instead of listing each possible risk here, they are best discussed with a few examples.
Chevron, as an integrated oil company, lists risk factors such as exposure to the effects of changing commodity prices. The company states, "Chevron is primarily in a commodities business that has a history of price volatility. The single largest variable that affects the company's results of operations is the price of crude oil, which can be influenced by general economic conditions, industry inventory levels, production quotas imposed by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), weather-related damage and disruptions, competing fuel prices and geopolitical risk."
In addition, the company cites as a risk factor its ability to find more resources, stating that, "The company is in an extractive business; therefore, if Chevron is not successful in replacing the crude oil and natural gas it produces with good prospects for future production or through acquisitions, the company's business will decline."
Wal-Mart, being a retail company, states that, "General economic conditions, globally or in one or more of the markets we serve, may adversely affect our financial performance. In the U.S., higher interest rates, higher fuel and other energy costs, weakness in the housing market, inflation, deflation, increased costs of essential services…and a slew of other factors may lead to lower sales or lower margins." The company also mentions that, "Risks associated with the suppliers from whom our products are sourced and the safety of those products could adversely affect our financial performance."
These two different companies list two completely different sets of risk factors. Though often it is difficult, or almost impossible, to predict or quantify changes in these risk factors, an understanding of the factors can at least help investors react to changes.
Companies often list macro risks that can impact their results. These include weaker demand by customers, economic trends, interest rate trends and even the impact of global warming. Though some of these are obvious, it is important to keep an eye out for anything that is not straightforward or anything that is unexpected. For example, CECO Environmental Corp. (CECE) warns that it is the "subject of a non-public formal investigation by the SEC."
Also, be aware that a risk a company reveals may require further research to determine the extent of the problem being referenced. Yoga apparel manufacturer Lululemon Athletica Inc. (LULU) referenced a problem it had with pants that were too sheer by saying in its 10-K: "We have occasionally received, and may in the future continue to receive, shipments of products that fail to comply with our technical specifications or that fail to conform to our quality control standards." A good rule of thumb is to investigate further any risk that seems odd or company-specific.
A firm's executive team plays a pivotal role in shaping a company's future. Top-level management makes strategic decisions such as new product introductions, strategic acquisitions and geographical expansions. However, unless you own a considerable portion of a company, you probably will not get a face-to-face sit-down with a company's executives. So the question is: How do investors go about evaluating management?
There are several resources that can provide you with an idea of management style and outlook.
To begin with, it is important to note whether the company has a stable set of top executives, especially a stable chief executive officer (CEO). A company that is a revolving door for CEOs should raise a red flag. It is also beneficial to check how, and from where, a CEO was promoted. Did the CEO come internally or not? Generally, you can expect more company stability when CEOs are promoted from within. A new outside CEO, though potentially more talented, can cause disruption among other high-level executives. The 10-K will typically list the current executive team, including a brief background of their tenure and experience.
However, the best source for individual investors is the earnings conference call. Often, top executives such as the CEO and CFO (chief financial officer) are on these calls. The first part of the call consists of a review of the quarter's earnings report. Depending on the company, a little or a lot of insight into the business and financial trends may be provided. During the second portion of the earnings conference call, the CEO and CFO take questions from analysts and much can be gleaned from their answers. Specifically, make note if management is forthright and open when confronted with tough questions or asked for more information.
Corporate Governance
Corporate governance refers to the relationship between company management, its board and its shareholders, and how the corporation is managed. A corporation should be looking out for shareholder interests first, and good corporate governance is a reflection of this purpose. Corporate governance typically includes the rights of shareholders, the role and responsibility of the board and disclosure and transparency. Details can be found in the company charter and bylaws. The 10-K and earnings reports will detail whether more than one class of shares exists and if the company engages in shareholder-friendly actions, such as paying dividends or buying back stock. Many corporations, but not all, also provide a corporate governance section on their website.
The proxy statement will list proposed amendments to the charter, candidates to fill board of director positions, employee stock option plans and, increasingly, executive compensation. The SEC filing for the proxy statement is DEFA14A.
Make sure to also check for the existence of staggered boards and poison pills. Staggered boards mean that board members serve staggered terms, making it harder for shareholders to vote to make a drastic change to board members. Poison pills are a strategy used to defend against hostile takeovers by making the target company's stock less attractive. (A poison pill strategy typically involves issuing additional shares that can be purchased by current shareholders if an unsolicited acquisition offer is made. The issuance of shares dilutes current ownership, making it both more difficult and expensive to acquire the company.)
Research and Development
Research and development plays a pivotal role in the prospects of a firm. Research and development represents a company investing in future products or technologies. On a company's financial statements and 10-K filings, firms usually break out the amount they spend on research and development . Needless to say, firms in different industries spend varying amounts on research and development, so be sure to look at similar companies when making a comparison. In addition, it is helpful to analyze research and development as a percentage of sales.
Research and development spending can be a double-edged sword, however. Of course, a company needs to spend an adequate amount to develop new goods and services to generate growth. A drop in research and development spending can temporarily boost margins, and thereby profitability, but it is likely that the company will suffer down the road. However, high levels of research and development spending do not always guarantee better products and higher sales. Furthermore, it is more beneficial for a firm to allocate higher research and development spending to higher-margin product lines, especially if there are limited funds.
Patents and Licenses
Being awarded a patent offers a key competitive advantage for a company over its competitors. Patents also play an important role in encouraging companies to spend on research and development, especially in research-intense industries such as technology and pharmaceuticals.
In essence, a patent provides the patent holder with a legal monopoly over a product that the company researched and developed for a period of time. This legal monopoly limits competition and can enable the patent holder to enjoy higher margins. In addition, patent holders can license their products as well.
Not all patents are valuable, however. A patent on a product that consumers do not want lacks economic value. Patents can also be circumvented by a competitor with a product that is different from a technical standpoint, but is a viable alternative in the eyes of a consumer. Technological innovations often devalue older patents. Competitive pressures and barriers to entry can prevent product innovations from gaining traction in the market even when they appear to offer advantages and are based on patented technology. Plus, it is not uncommon for a company to acquire patents for the sole purpose of preventing another company from obtaining them.
A firm's 10-K discusses key patents and their expiration dates. It is important to note the percentage of sales that certain patent-protected products generate, especially the products that are close to losing their patent protection. For example, Pfizer Inc. (PFE) lost patent protection on the cholesterol drug Lipitor at the end of 2011. Measured by sales, Lipitor was the best-selling drug in history and accounted for a little under $10 billion a year in revenue for the firm. After the loss of patent protection on the drug, Pfizer's revenues declined for four consecutive quarters before picking back up again.
Government Regulation
Government regulations are constantly changing (often depending on which political party controls Congress and the White House). Certain industries are subject to a higher amount of government regulations than others. Notably, after the 2008 financial crisis, government regulation on banks increased significantly. The "systematically important" banks currently need government approval to increase dividend payouts and make share buybacks. They are also required to have enough reserves to survive "worse-case scenarios," such as the one encountered during the financial crisis that led to Lehman Brothers' demise.
Certain utilities operate as regulated monopolies simply because it is more economical to do so (power cannot be economically stored, which may lead to blackouts during supply and demand imbalances; duplication of facilities is inefficient; etc). In this situation, governing bodies affect profitability and usually decide on rates of return for investors and appropriate rates to charge customers. These utilities are generally safe investments with stable, but low, rates of return.
International firms also have additional sets of government regulations to be concerned about. A firm must not only adhere to the government regulation of the country of incorporation, but must also adhere to the government regulations of any country in which it does business. For example, Nu Skin Enterprises Inc. (NUS) operates a direct sales model throughout most of the world, but is not allowed to do so in China. Rather, the company employs a paid sales force and operates stores in China.
Legal Proceedings
Legal issues can impact companies in a variety of ways. A protracted lawsuit costs money and can divert executives' attention away from potentially profitable projects. An unfavorable outcome can result in the payment of a large settlement or the payment of royalties or can even cause a change in how the company operates. It is impossible to fully predict legal outcomes, but it is nonetheless important for investors to be aware of potential issues.
The company's 10-K and notes to the financial statements will state if the firm is involved with any lawsuits. A company will generally describe the legal proceedings and potential liabilities, as well as make a judgment regarding the validity of the claims and the probability of the outcome. It is important to keep in mind that this is written by the executives of the company and gives only one side of the story; it can be a biased opinion.
Investors usually begin their investment research with a detailed quantitative analysis of the firm.
However, there are important elements that cannot be expressed by simply looking at numbers.
A qualitative analysis of a firm can help you understand the driving forces behind the figures. Table 1 provides a summary of the key qualitative factors to consider.
Other Articles in the Financial Statement Analysis Series
Introduction to Financial Statement Analysis, January 2012
The Income Statement: From Net Revenue to Net Income, March 2012
The Balance Sheet: Assets, Debts and Equity, May 2012
The Cash Flow Statement: Tracing the Sources and Uses of Cash, July 2012
16 Financial Ratios for Analyzing a Company's Strengths and Weaknesses, September 2012
Breaking Down ROE Using the DuPont Formula, December 2012
Analyzing Growth Rates, March 2013
|What to Look for
|Potential Pitfalls
|Potential Benefits
|Few products with large percentage of sales tied to several key products
|Company performance tied to few products, revenues may not be as stable
|Successful product leads to large increase in sales
|Key Customers
|Large percentage of sales coming from a few key customers
|Loss of key customer presents significant challenge that may lead to decline in revenues and earnings
|Sales flow can be predicted and planned for in advance
|Order Backlog
|Large order backlog
|No guarantees that order backlog will translate to sales
|Company can carefully plan utilization of resources
|Geographical Markets
|Large percentage of sales coming from foreign countries
|Increased regulation internationally; currency risk and currency translation risk
|Provides new growth outlets; can help smooth sales during domestic recessions
|Large number of small companies
|Low barriers of entry make it easy for competitors to enter market
|A company finding a competitive advantage may be able to quickly expand and dominate the industry
|A few large companies
|Large companies are less nimble than smaller companies
|Large companies have economies of scale and may have pricing advantages
|Well-thought-out succession planning, consistency at the top management levels
|Changing top executives may lead to exodus of senior management
|Well-timed succession planning leads to smoother operations and consistent mission
|Corporate Governance
|Company management should not hold too much unchecked power, decisions should be made in the interest of shareholders
|Management may be running company for short-term profits instead of long-term growth
|Well-run firm creates maximum value for shareholders
|Research and Development
|High spending on research and development compared to industry norms
|High spending does not necessarily lead to successful products and new technologies
|New successful products and technologies will drive future growth
|Patents and Licenses
|Patents and licenses held and expiration dates
|Expiring patents ends company's legal monopoly over a product, leading to competition and downward pricing pressure
|Patents lead to higher margins by offering a "legal monopoly" for a product, design or technology
|Government Regulation
|Highly regulated environment
|May be costly or difficult to comply with regulation; changes may be out of company control
|May limit competition
|Legal Proceeding
|Legal proceedings filed against company or filed against other companies
|May lead to additional costs; may take away from management focus
|May lead to monetary rewards
Doug from NY posted over 3 years ago:
>The SEC filing for the proxy statement is DEFA14A.
I think this is a typo. The proxy statements are DEF14A. If the proxy statement gets AMENDED, then that is a DEFA14A.
(I've looked through proxies avidly, ever since I heard that Walter Schloss used them!)
Bob Houle from Florida posted over 3 years ago:
Superb article and the "Qualitative Analysis Factors" table at the end truly reflects the author taking the extra effort to make sure the reader pulls out all the "jewels of advice" in the article. Well done. Thank you.
Tom Huggler from Michigan. posted over 3 years ago:
As an investor new to the analysis of individual companies, I found this article to be exceptional. Thank you for writing it in a clear and cogent manner. It will become my blueprint and, by itself, is worth the cost of membership in AAII.
Douglas Sewall from ME posted over 3 years ago:
Excellent article, thank you!
Douglas Sewall from ME posted over 3 years ago:
Excellent article, thank you!
G Muren from CT posted over 3 years ago:
Thank you for such a clear and detailed guide and the outline table to check with.
L Toll from CT posted over 2 years ago:
Excellent article for all investors to read and use. Please tell me how to find out when conference calls will be held.
thank you


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May 3, 2012
InSEX: Mating's Risqué Business in the Insect World
Last night I hosted an InSEX dinner at an undisclosed and secret location. No, we weren't eating insects (in fact, we had a lovely vegetarian meal). Instead, we were discussing their weird, wonderful, and various reproductive strategies!
Vietnamese Walking Stick, Baculum extradentatum
A great example of asexual reproduction
Posted by Lila Higgins at 8:33 PM | 0 COMMENTS

subset: commoncrawl


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Bears Behind Bars: PETA Asks Feds to Help
PETA has submitted a 64-page petition, which includes case studies, photographs, and expert statements, to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) asking the agency to create and apply specific regulations for bears held captive in appalling conditions by exhibitors, dealers, and research facilities. By allowing bears to be kept in squalid cages and concrete pits and denied everything that is natural and important to them, the USDA is clearly failing to ensure anything close to humane treatment of captive bears, in violation of the Animal Welfare Act (AWA).
Changing the Regulations to Reflect Reality
Last month, PETA successfully used legal action to rescue a bear named Ben, who was kept for six long years at Jambbas Ranch in a cramped cage with a concrete floor. Ben was fed dry dog food once a day and spent most of his waking hours pacing the few square feet allotted to him. Despite Ben's obvious suffering and multiple complaints from PETA and others, USDA inspectors failed to cite Jambbas for violations related to Ben. In state court, however, a judge ruled that the conditions in which he was being kept constituted cruelty to animals, proving that the federal AWA isn't preventing cruelty to captive bears.
While Ben's story has a happy ending, hundreds of other bears will continue to languish in squalid conditions unless the USDA takes action. Roadside zoos like Jambbas and the Cherokee Bear Zoo account for the majority of USDA licensees with captive bears. These shabby facilities keep bears in tiny barren cages or concrete pits with woefully inadequate space, lack of physical or mental stimulation, and inappropriate diets and in conditions that deny the bears any opportunity to engage in natural behavior, such as hibernating and foraging. Because their needs aren't being met, many bears in roadside zoos spend most of their time pacing, cage-biting, and head-butting, which experts agree are signs of distress.
Bears Need Their Space—and Much More
Bears have a natural life span of up to three decades, and some species can have a home range of thousands of miles. According to the International Zoo Yearbook, "[I]t is recognized that bears are extremely difficult and challenging creatures to manage in the captive environment"—just as challenging, according to studies, as primates. For example, in a study of 33 carnivorous species, bears showed the most evidence of stress and psychological dysfunction in captivity. An Oxford University study ultimately concluded that "the keeping of naturally wide-ranging carnivores should be either fundamentally improved or phased out." But the requirements for bears' care currently fall under the AWA's minimum regulations for a wide variety of unspecified species, and the USDA is failing to use these generic regulations to protect bears.
In addition to a specific prohibition on keeping bears in abysmal concrete pit–style enclosures, PETA has proposed regulations that would require that bears be furnished with naturalistic habitats, dens for nesting and hibernation, pools for bathing, enough room to forage and explore, enrichment, and other elements that would improve bears' mental and physical well-being.
What You Can Do
Speak up for bears in captivity! Please join PETA in urging the USDA to formulate bear-specific standards to be added to the AWA.
Commenting is closed.
Bears should be free, not behind bars.Free them now.
Please free the bears. They have a right to live free and well. Bears feel like us. They're animals and no things.
More well-known people like actors, writers, politicians have to come together and help changing laws so that animals are being respected and protected. Animals have to have a status equal; if not superior than human beings to compensate the suffering of this species which does not seem to come to end in the 21st Century. The president Barak Obama himself should understand that and speak up against cruelty, lack of respect, lack of responsibility towards animals. The solution lies in mankind and mankind has to become human in the good sense of the word. Is that wishful thinking !?
Bears belong in nature, not behind bars!
they must be free… pleas… they are alive… they feel grief,happiness,despair… and they feel love… they must have themselves life freely. free the bear.


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Sullivan County lawmaker Jodi Goodman, who is chair of the budget committee, released a letter on October 21, requesting that county manager David Fanslau create a tentative budget that stays within the new property tax cap increase imposed by Albany of 2%. That came two days after she said it was too early to tell what would happen with the tax cap.
Counties have the authority to override the cap with a supermajority vote of the legislature; in Sullivan's case, that would mean six out of nine legislators. Goodman said, however, that lawmakers should trust governor Andrew Cuomo's word that Albany will reduce mandated county spending.
So far that hasn't happened to any significant degree. Counties are looking to a fourth year of increased spending due, in part, to the increased costs of state mandated programs, such as Medicaid and payments for the pension system, while still looking at weak revenues from sales and property taxes as well as reduced state aid.
County manager David Fanslau had earlier said that without specific direction from the legislature, he would develop the tentative budget within the cap. Still, except for Goodman, with all of the seats up for election on November 8, most incumbent county lawmakers have not indicated if they would support the overriding of the cap.
The only politician at the county level who is out front in calling for overriding the cap is lawmaker David Sager, who is not running for office this year.
At a meeting at the government center on October 13, Sager told his colleagues that they neededthe flexibility of being to able to lift the tax higher than that. He said, "Overriding the cap does not mean that we get to spend money in a reckless way. All it says is that the state's demands are really unreasonable, based on what they're providing us and what we have to provide to the public, and we need that wiggle room, and people need to understand that."
Lawmaker Alan Sorensen, who does not face an opponent this year, indicated that something would have to change regarding the 2012 budget. He said, "We have a shortfall of about $10 million and an unreserved, undedicated fund balance of approximately $10 million, and so we know other things are going to have to change. We can't just spend the entire fund balance."
Last year, the legislature voted for no tax increase, and sought to avoid layoffs by withholding raises and longevity payments to unionized county workers. The unions fought the move and eventually the county backed down. But ultimately 17 county workers lost their jobs and some 37 unfilled positions were eliminated.
Lawmaker Ron Hiatt, who is not seeking another term this year, said other counties were considering reducing services that are not mandated, such as county-owned nursing homes and departments of community service, which deal with mental health and drug addiction issues.
He once again called on labor to help ease the budget crunch presumably through concessions. He said, "Next year is going to be worse than this year… and labor could provide us with some help, if only temporarily on a year-to-year basis. If they become part of a solution, then people don't have to be laid off, and we don't have to reduce services as much."
Sullivan County is not alone in its difficult budget process. In fact, there is so much dissatisfaction with mandates from Albany that some county officials around the state have been discussing holding back Medicaid payments to the state.
Fanslau, however, said that could result in some negative impacts. The county's budget is about $191 million; about $80 million of that comes from federal and state reimbursements. So, if the county withheld Medicaid payments, Fanslau said, "I would suspect that the reimbursement train would stop immediately, and don't forget they collect our sales tax, so they probably wouldn't send our sales tax payments."
He said the only way such a move could possibly work was if all 57 counties outside of New York City were on board with it, and judging by the information he's getting from his colleagues, that is not likely to happen.


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Sierra 5th Edition Rifle & Handgun Reloading ManualThis 1,152 page manual retains the popular three-ring binder format and contains cartridge information, histories, and reloading recommendations, a necessity in every reloader's library.
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See Full Listing of Cartridges listed in the Manual
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Prices, specifications and availability are subject to change without notice. We reserve the right to correct typographic, photographic and/or descriptive errors.
|Overall Rating
|Rate This Product
|Joe L of Scottdale, Pennsylvania
|November 8, 2016
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|P H of Harrisonburg, Virginia
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|R H of rathdrum, Idaho
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|George B of hot springs, Arkansas
|October 30, 2015
|really like the exterior ballistics section. cartridge selection is out of date.
|John P of Hot Springs, Arkansas
|October 15, 2015
|The Sierra 5th Edition is a very good manual with a lot of technical information for the reloader. This manual will easily serve the needs of most reloaders and is well worth the money.
|Steve M of Bellevue, Washington
|October 8, 2015
|Same comment as everybody else. In late 2015, it's missing data for 204 Ruger, which is a common cartridge these days -- and Sierra sells bullets for it. And 223 Ackley, which is supposedly the most common Ackley caliber. I do like the reloading tips section. It seems more authoritative and more practical than some of the other manuals. But overall it's hard to recommend this manual at this point in time, and I would really like to see an update.
|Bill H of Allentown, Pennsylvania
|September 28, 2015
|I have been using the 3rd Edition since 1985 when I stated reloading. According to the one review about old loads, I wish there were more. I have a 1960 Lyman book I use once in awhile,but always go back to my Sierra Manual. I have a 1941 M1 Garand that shoots 2.00 inch groups at 100 yards. The load came right out of your.book. Keep up the excellent work.
|Donald T of Renfrew, Pennsylvania
|July 11, 2015
|Not bad for standard calibers but really outdated manual. No small caliber data or newer powders. Please update, I feel I wasted my money.
|Dave R of Mesa, Arizona
|June 27, 2015
|I was about to buy the latest edition because the version I have owned for years did not have 300 Blackout and several other cal. I was interested in. I am glad I noticed that the version selling now is the same version I bought over ten years ago (Edition 5). Not sure why they have not updated it yet. They could sell a lot of books if they would write the 6th Editions.
|Tom A of Regina, Sask
|June 2, 2015
|Don't waste your money. Old book. Missing current calibers.
|Josh R of Elbert, Colorado
|April 21, 2015
|Great resource but desperately needs to be updated. .204 Ruger and 6.5 Creedmoor please! I'm new to both of these calibers and prefer to stick with manufacturers load data for my preliminary loads. Looks like I'll be using Hornady bullets in these calibers, but I prefer Sierra! Help me help you!
|Eugene S of Lansdale, Pennsylvania
|March 22, 2015
|I've had mine for years. I like Sierra bullets and frequently use my manual, but with the arrival of new cartridges and new powders that are missing from it, it really needs updates. The manual is loose-leaf; why not just publish update packs to insert?
|Kenneth M of Draper, Utah
|February 19, 2015
|Resource is way out of date. Immediate examples are 6.5 Creedmore, .204 Ruger and 6.8 SPC. Compared to other load data sources Sierra is very deficient.
|Rick V of Pekin, Illinois
|December 20, 2014
|Bought this and then found out it was printed in 2003. Out of date and just too many missing calibers. I wanted some more .204 Ruger data and its not even in the book. Not much different than the 2nd edition that I've had since 1978..... Wasted $30
|Bryan W of Fort St John, BC, Canada
|August 24, 2014
|Several updates are needed before I will buy this version. Existing information is presented well and appears accurate, but I must agree with another post that some loads differ from my older manuals for no apparent reason other than being overly conservative perhaps. Would like to see the new 26 Nosler and Remington 7mm SAUM among many others.
|glen l of indio, California
|July 10, 2014
|Missing new calibers such as the SW 500 and the Ruger .327. was told they were not going to update the book as in the past.
|Michael H of Maplewood, New Jersey
|May 21, 2014
|Very comprehensive on some of the tried and true calibers but lacking in some of the newer calibers such as the 6.5 Creedmoor.
|Jered E of slc, Utah
|March 12, 2014
|Needs some serious updating of current powders and bullets available. Or add it on the website
|Ken J of Washougal, Washington
|November 12, 2013
|Doesn't include 6.8 SPC load data; needs to be updated. Other loading manuals (such as Hornady) are updated for modern calibers.
|david w of Mcgrady, North Carolina
|November 8, 2013
|A must have for any reloader.
|G. P of Greentop, Missouri
|August 15, 2013
|Great reloading manual with a wealth of information; only four stars because 1) it really needs to be updated and 2) some inexplicably low maximum charges for some loads -- regardless of differing bbls, conditions, etc. This is borne out by experience and just about every other source of data.


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GV Now
GVSU, UM collaboration brings alternative energy-inspired arts performance to Muskegon
Posted on June 25, 2014
An interdisciplinary performance in August will tell the story of Muskegon's transformation from a once-thriving manufacturing community to one that is working to regain economic prosperity by exploring alternative energy.
"Into the Wind" is a collaboration between Grand Valley State University and University of Michigan and will feature dance, music and poetry created to be performed by students, alumni and faculty from both universities. The performance will take place August 22 and 23 at 7 p.m., at MAREC, on the shores of Muskegon Lake. It is the site of the former Continental Motors factory and overlooks an aging power plant scheduled for decommissioning in 2016.
The event will include a piece choreographed by Grand Valley dance professor and U-M alumnus Shawn Bible and performed by Grand Valley students. Grand Valley music professor Nate Bliton will compose music for the piece, which will incorporate sounds of wind turbines.
The collaboration is led by University of Michigan dance professor Jessica Fogel, director of Dance Works, U-M's resident dance company. She was inspired to look into wind energy after hearing about the work Sara Adlerstein, associate research scientist and visual artist for U-M School of Natural Resources and Environment, was doing to measure the impact of wind turbines on the Saginaw Bay aquatic ecosystem. She said those who oppose the turbines believe they negatively impact fish and other wildlife, and therefore, food supplies. But her research shows otherwise.
"From the models I have been doing, the impact is next to nothing," Adlerstein said. "People opposed to them are doing so because they think turbines are ugly — not because they aren't good for the environment," she said. "I wanted to explore the question of beauty. How do you confront people with the idea of aesthetics?"
Fogel said when the Continental Motors factory closed, it was a real downfall for the Muskegon community. "In the music for the performance, not only are you hearing the factory workers' voices, but you are hearing a sonification of wind data collected by a buoy launched off of Lake Michigan, near the site," she said.
A brief lecture, featuring art that inspired Into the Wind, will take place prior to the performance. The art display will include pieces by Adlerstein and pieces from the Muskegon Museum of Art collection.
T. Arnold (Arn) Boezaart, director of Grand Valley's Michigan Alternative and Renewable Energy Center, said: "This project is not only a great way to link the performing arts with our renewable energy efforts at MAREC and in the region, but it's also a nice opportunity to link Grand Valley and University of Michigan in a collaboration that will allow students, faculty and the community to engage and learn from each other."
Additional collaborators of the project:
Muskegon Museum of Art; Erik Nordman, associate professor of natural resources management, Grand Valley; Sarah Mills, doctoral candidate, U-M Urban and Regional Planning Program; Keith Taylor, poet, coordinator of undergraduate creative writing in the U-M Department of English and director of the Bear River Writers Conference; Robert Alexander, NASA JPFP Fellow, sonification specialist and design science doctoral candidate at U-M; David Biedenbender, a former U-M instructor; and Sara Adlerstein, associate research scientist and visual artist, U-M School of Natural Resources and Environment.
The project is supported Grand Valley State University's Office of the President, Michigan Alternative and Renewable Energy Center and Department of Music and Dance; Muskegon Museum of Art; and U-M's Third Century Initiative, Office of Research, School of Music, Theatre & Dance Faculty Research Fund, Gay Delanghe Endowment, Department of Dance and Office of the Vice President for Global Communications and Strategic Initiatives.
Visit www.gvsu.edu/marec or annarbordanceworks.com/2014-season-into-the-wind.html for more information.


text:
"Kindergarten was the beginning of the ruination of Germany"
That's what my grandmother Ripps said when the subject arose about school or day care for kids younger than 6. This daughter of Germany immigrants believed that taking small children away from their parents and homes paved the way for Hitler and National Socialism.
In the interest of full disclosure, I attended a church kindergarten for a few months, but my widowed grandmother reared my dad and his five siblings without recourse to pre-school. Times have changed; still grandmother Ripps was on to something. Authoritarians from early times realized the value of taking children from homes and families at an early age, keeping them with others of the same age, and setting them above them a new authority figure that replaces parent or older sibling. From a dictator's point of view, the longer the period of separation, the better, and the younger the child, the better.
Now I am not suggesting that government pre-school employees are conspiring to undermine parental authority and indoctrinate children. Nevertheless, they are limited as to what values they can impart, and they do interject into impressionable young lives a new authority figure who is also a provider. The tykes inevitably learn that here are values other than those their family holds and that someone other than the family can give them what they think they need.
Consequently, those of us who must avail ourselves of government pre-school or school for any age child - must supplement and even contradict the lessons learned there.
These are things to think bout as some politicians push unprecedented government involvement in "early childhood education." No doubt they have considered the possible consequences and they like them.
Greg Ripps
San Antonio


text:
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HiLyte Fluor 680 hydrazide is a carbonyl-reactive fluorescent labeling dye. It generates the conjugates that are slightly red-shifted compared to those of Cy5.5 dyes, resulting in an optimal match to filters designed for Cy5.5 dyes. It can be used for labeling glycoproteins such as HRP. Fluorescence emission of HiLyte Fluor 680 dye is well separated from that of other commonly used red fluorophores, such as TAMRA, R-phycoerythrin and HiLyte Fluor 647 dyes, making it ideal for three- and four-color labeling. Extinction Coefficient (M-1cm-1): 190,000 Fluorescence quantum yield: 0.36 Fluorescence Life Time (ns): 1.1


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I guess I should be grateful that this process has been so gradual and easy on both of us.....I just can't believe it's almost over.
DD turns ONE Feb 16th. We nurse first thing in the morning (barely) and once in the late afternoons. I have been nursing her exclusively on the LEFT side since 10 months when my right breast stopped producing enough for a let-down. I started supplementing then (which I thought I would NEVER do but she needed it).
I am Happy to have made it 10 months of exclusive BF and to the year mark total. (It's only 2 weeks away I cannot believe it)!!!!
Thank you to everyone on this forum who has helped me & answered my questions over the last 12 months.
There are MANY great Mom's here.


text:
I've tried to ask this already but my posts are not showing up and it says that I've made 0 posts.
My problem is that not all of my logins are showing in the "Groups" tab of Web Accounts.
I imported my logins from FireFox and Google Chrome and they all work as expected. But when it comes to managing and arranging them all so that I can get more organized I find that the only logins that are there are for the new accounts that I made.
It seems that all of the logins that I imported are only showing in the "All" tab.
Is there any way that I can fix this so that I can organize my logins?


text:
You must give a presentation tomorrow and you haven't prepared any figures
yet; you must document your last project and you need to plot your most hairy
class hierarchies; you are asked to provide ten slightly different variations
of the same picture; you are pathologically unable to put your finger on a
mouse and draw anything more complex than a square. In all these cases,
don't worry!
dot can save your day!
dot is a tool to generate nice-looking diagrams with a minimum
of effort. It's part of
GraphViz, an open source project
developed at AT&T and released under an MIT license. It is a high-quality
and mature product, with very good documentation and support, available on all
major platforms, including Unix/Linux, Windows, and Mac. There is an official
home page and a supporting mailing list.
First of all, let me make clear that
dot is not just another
paint program, nor a vector graphics program.
dot is a scriptable,
batch-oriented graphing tool; it is to vector drawing programs as
LaTeX is to word processors. If you want to control every single
pixel in your diagram, or if you are an artistic person who likes to draw free hand, then
dot is not for you.
dot is a tool for the
lazy developer, the one who wants the job done with the minimum effort and
without caring too much about the details.
dot is not a WYSIWYG tool—even if it comes
with a WYSIWYG tool,
dotty—it is not primarily an
interactive tool. Its strength is the ability to generate diagrams
programmatically. To fulfill this aim,
dot uses a simple
but powerful graph description language. Give
dot very high level
instructions and it will draw the diagrams for you, taking into account all the
low level details. Though you have a large choice of customization options and
can control the final output in many ways, it is not at all easy to force
dot to produce exactly what you want, down to the
|Linux/Unix System Administration Certification -- Would you like to polish your system administration skills online and receive credit from the University of Illinois? Learn how to administer Linux/Unix systems and gain real experience with a root access account. The four-course series covers the Unix file system, networking, Unix services, and scripting. It's all at the O'Reilly Learning Lab.
Expecting that would mean to fight with the tool. You should think of
dot as a kind of smart boy, who likes to do things his own way and
who is very good at it, but becomes nervous if the master tries to put too much
pressure on him. The right attitude with
dot (just as with LaTeX)
is to trust it and let it to do the job. At the end, when
dot has
finished, you can always refine the graph by hand. (
dotty, the
dot diagram interactive editor, comes with GraphViz and can read
and generate
dot code.) In most cases, you do not need to do
anything manually, since
dot works pretty well. The best approach
is to customize
dot options, so that you can programmatically
generate one or one hundred diagrams with the least effort.
dot is especially useful in repetitive and automatic tasks,
since it easy to generate
dot code. For instance,
dot comes in handy for automatic documentation of code. UML tools
can also do this work, but
dot has an advantage over them in terms
of ease of use, a flatter learning curve, and greater flexibility. On top of
dot is very fast and can generate very complicated diagrams
in fractions of second.
dot code has a C-ish syntax and is quite readable even to
people who have not read the manual. For instance, this
graph hello {
// Comment: Hello World from ``dot``
// a graph with a single node Node1
Node1 [label="Hello, World!"]
generates the image shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. "Hello, World!" from GraphViz
Save this code in a file called
hello.dot. You can then
generate the graph and display it with a simple one-liner:
$ dot hello.dot -Tps | gv -
-Tps option generates PostScript code, which is then piped
to the ghostview utility. I've run my examples on a Linux machine with
ghostview installed, but
dot works equally well under Windows, so
you may trivially adapt the examples.
If you're satisfied with the output, save it to a file:
$ dot hello.dot -Tps -o hello.ps
You'll probably want to tweak the options, for instance adding colors and changing the font size. This is not difficult:
graph hello2 {
// Hello World with nice colors and big fonts
Node1 [label="Hello, World!", color=Blue, fontcolor=Red,
fontsize=24, shape=box]
This draws a blue square with a red label, shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2. A stylish greeting
You can use any font or color available to X11.
Editor's note: or presumably to Windows, if you're not running an X server.
dot is quite tolerant: the language is case insensitive and
quoting the options
color="Blue", shape="box" will work too.
Moreover, in order to please C fans, you can use semicolons to terminate
dot will ignore them.
A generic
dot graph is composed of nodes and edges. Our
hello.dot example contains a single node and no edges. Edges enter
in the game when there are relationships between nodes, for instance
hierarchical relationships as in this example, which produced Figure 3:
digraph simple_hierarchy {
B [label="The boss"] // node B
E [label="The employee"] // node E
B->E [label="commands", fontcolor=darkgreen] // edge B->E
Figure 3. A hierarchical relationship
dot is especially good at drawing directed graphs, where there
is a natural direction. (GraphViz also includes the similar
tool to produce undirected graphs). In this example the direction is from the
boss, who commands, to the employee, who obeys. Of course
gives you the freedom to revert social hierarchies, as seen in Figure 4:
digraph revolution {
B [label="The boss"] // node B
E [label="The employee"] // node E
B->E [label="commands", dir=back, fontcolor=red]
// revert arrow direction
Figure 4. An inverted hierarchy
Sometimes, you want to put things of the same importance on the same level.
Use the
rank option, as in the following example, which describes
a hierarchy with a boss, two employees, John and Jack, of the same rank, and a
lower ranked employee Al who works for John. See Figure 5 for the results.
digraph hierarchy {
nodesep=1.0 // increases the separation between nodes
node [color=Red,fontname=Courier]
edge [color=Blue, style=dashed] //setup options
Boss->{ John Jack } // the boss has two employees
{rank=same; John Jack} //they have the same rank
John -> Al // John has a subordinate
John->Jack [dir=both] // but is still on the same level as Jack
Figure 5. A multi-level organizational chart
This example shows a nifty feature of
dot: if you forget to
give explicit labels, it will use the name of the nodes as default labels. You
can also set the default colors and style for nodes and edges respectively. It
is even possible to control the separation between (all) nodes by tuning the
nodesep option. I'll leave it as an exercise for the reader to see
what happens without the
rank option (hint: you get a very ugly
dot is quite sophisticated, with dozen of options which you can
find in the excellent documentation. In particular, the man page (
dot) is especially useful and well done. The documentation also explains
how to draw graphs containing subgraphs. However, those advanced features are
outside the scope of this brief article.
We'll discuss another feature instead: the ability to generate output in
different formats. Depending on your requirements, different formats can be
more or less suitable. For the purpose of generating printed documentation, the
PostScript format is quite handy. On the other hand, if you're producing
documentation to convert to HTML format and put on a Web page, PNG format can
be handy. It is quite trivial to select an output format with the
-T output format type flag:
$ dot hello.dot -Tpng -o hello.png
There are many others available formats, including all the common ones such as GIF, JPG, WBMP, FIG and more exotic ones.
dot Code
dot is not a real programming language, but it is pretty easy
to interface
dot with a real programming language. Bindings exist
for many programming languages—including Java, Perl, and Python. A more
lightweight alternative is just to generate the
dot code from your
preferred language. Doing so will allow you to automate the entire graph
Here is a simple Python example using this technique. This example script shows how to draw Python class hierarchies with the least effort; it may help you in documenting your code.
# dot.py
"Require Python 2.3 (or 2.2. with from __future__ import generators)"
def dotcode(cls):
setup='node [color=Green,fontcolor=Blue,fontname=Courier]\n'
name='hierarchy_of_%s' % cls.__name__
return "digraph %s{\n\n%s\n%s\n}" % (name, setup, code)
def codegenerator(cls):
"Returns a line of dot code at each iteration."
# works for new style classes; see my Cookbook
# recipe for a more general solution
for c in cls.__mro__:
if bases: # generate edges parent -> child
yield ''.join([' %s -> %s\n' % ( b.__name__,c.__name__)
for b in bases])
if len(bases) > 1: # put all parents on the same level
yield " {rank=same; %s}\n" % ''.join(
['%s ' % b.__name__ for b in bases])
if __name__=="__main__":
# returns the dot code generating a simple diamond hierarchy
class A(object): pass
class B(A): pass
class C(A): pass
class D(B,C): pass
print dotcode(D)
The function
dotcode takes a class and returns the
dot source code needed to plot the genealogical tree of that
codegenerator generates the code, traversing the list of
the ancestors of the class (in the Method Resolution Order of the class) and
determining the edges and the nodes of the hierarchy.
codegenerator is a generator which returns an iterator yielding a
line of
dot code at each iteration. Generators are a cool recent
addition to Python; they come particularly handy for the purpose of generating
text or source code.
The output of the script is the following self-explanatory
digraph hierarchy_of_D {
node [color=Green,fontcolor=Blue,font=Courier]
{rank=same; B C }
object -> A
Now the simple one-liner:
$ python dot.py | dot -Tpng -o x.png
generates Figure 6.
Figure 6. A Python class diagram
You may download
dot and the others tool coming with GraphViz
at the official GraphViz homepage. You
will also find plenty of documentation and links to the mailing list.
Perl bindings (thanks to Leon Brocard) and Python bindings (thanks to Manos Renieris) are available. Also, Ero Carrera has written a professional-looking Python interface to
The script
dot.py I presented in this article is rather
minimalistic. This is on purpose. My Python Cookbook recipe, Drawing inheritance diagrams with
Dot, presents a much more sophisticated version with additional examples.
Michele Simionato is employed by Partecs, an open source company headquartered in Rome. He is actively developing web applications in the Zope/Plone framework.
Return to the LinuxDevCenter.com.
Copyright © 2009 O'Reilly Media, Inc.


text:
Freezing Guidelines
As long as your freezer maintains a steady temperature of 0°F, food can be safely frozen indefinitely. Quality, however, will eventually deteriorate. The "maximum suggested freezing time" below estimates how long frozen foods will retain quality.
Breads: yeast breads, coffee cakes, muffins and quick bread
Special Tips
Cool completely; do not frost or decorate. Place coffee cakes on foil-wrapped cardboard before freezing.
Storage Time
Up to 1 month
Thawing Hints
Unwrap slightly and thaw at room temperature for 2 to 3 hours. Serve at room temperature or reheat, wrapped in foil, at 350°F for 15 to 20 minutes, or wrap in paper towels and microwave (briefly, to avoid a tough texture) for 5 to 40 seconds.
Cakes: frosted and unfrosted cakes
Special Tips
Cool completely. Wrap unfrosted cake in airtight, moisture-proof wrap. Butter cream frosting freezes best. Allow frosting to harden by placing frosted cake in refrigerator or freezer before wrapping. Place layer cakes in cake containers or bakery boxes to prevent crushing.
Storage Time
- Unfrosted: 4 to 6 months
- Frosted: 1 to 3 months
Thawing Hints
- Unfrosted: Thaw at room temperature, covered, 2 to 3 hours. Frost or serve according to recipe.
- Frosted: Thaw, loosely covered, overnight in refrigerator.
Cookies: baked cookies
Wrap unfrosted cookies in airtight, moisture-proof wrap or place in plastic containers. If frosted or decorated before freezing, first freeze quickly on cookie sheet; then package frozen cookies between layers of waxed paper in rigid container for further freezing.
Storage Time
- Unfrosted: 4 to 6 months
- Frosted: 1 to 2 months
Thawing Hints
Thaw in package at room temperature. For cookies that should be crisp when thawed, remove from container.
Pies: baked pumpkin or pecan pies and either baked or unbaked fruit pies
Special Tips
Cool baked pies completely. For unbaked pies, brush the bottom pastry with egg white before filling to prevent it from becoming soggy. Do not slit the top pastry. Cover pies with an inverted foil or paper plate and then wrap.
Storage Time
- Baked: Up to 4 months
- Unbaked: Up to 3 months
Thawing Hints
Baked: Unwrap and heat at 325°F for 45 minutes or until warm or room temperature. Unbaked: Unwrap, cut slits in the top pastry and bake at 425°F for 15 minutes, then bake at 375°F for 30 to 45 minutes or until the center is bubbly.
Pies: chiffon, custard, pudding, cream, and pies with meringue topping
Do not freeze well.


text:
By Karl Terry: Freedom Newspapers
Moving with a speed that surprised some legislators, the state Senate approved a minimum wage bill 35-7 late Friday, sending it to the House before a House version had a chance to get on track.
Sen. Gay Kernan, R-Hobbs, said she's fundamentally opposed to a state minimum wage and believes the federal government will address the matter. She said she wound up voting for the Senate bill because she's so opposed to the House version.
"The reason it moved quickly was because we knew something was going to pass," Hobbs said, comparing the Senate's version with the House bill. "It got down to the lesser of two evils."
Kernan, who represents Curry, Roosevelt, Eddy, Lea and Chaves counties, said she had gauged her constituents as a little more open to bringing the wage up a little. She said with language in the Senate bill that exempts agriculture, including dairies, the bill was one she felt she could live with. In her hometown area of Hobbs, she said wages are well above even the proposed minimums because of the employment demand in the oilfields.
Rep. Anna Crook, R-Clovis, said she's not a fan of a state minimum wage either.
"We've discussed this, and I think it's a little premature when (it appears) the federal government is going to pass one," Crook said.
She said she's not sure what the outcome of either bill will be in the House, but points out that the House bill is sponsored by Speaker Ben Lujan, D-Santa Fe, and she believes it's doubtful he'll give up easily on his version.
"I think it's a federal issue and the federal government is addressing it," Rep. Keith Gardner, R-Roswell, said. "I'm not sure why we're in such a rush."
Gardner says he opposes a state minimum wage because it would make New Mexico less competitive with surrounding states that don't have one. He said he also feels it amounts to a tax on small business.
"Personally I prefer that it not happen altogether," he said. "It's going to be interesting to watch as it goes through."
Fast facts
SB 324 passed the Senate 35-7 Friday and now moves to the House for approval. Here are a few key components:
—Provides for an increase to $6.50 this year
—Would increase to $7.50 by 2009
—Exempts certain agricultural activities such as dairies and chili production
—Precludes local governments from passing a higher local minimum wage until 2013, grandfathering those already in place such as that in Santa Fe
HB759 is currently in the House Labor and Human Resources Committee. Here are a few key components:
—Provides for an increase to $6.50 this year
—Would increase to $7.50 by January 2008


text:
Stephen Maynard Caliendo, associate professor of political science at North Central College, and Charlton McIlwain of New York University have been awarded a $21,000 grant by Time-Sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences (TESS) and funded by National Science Foundation for their project, "The Effects of Racial and Racist Appeals on White Voters."
Their study is designed to ascertain how anti-black racial appeals and black candidate appeals to racial authenticity affect white potential voters' perception of both black and white candidates. Results from the study are part of Caliendo's and McIlwain's forthcoming book, "Race Appeal: The Prevalence, Purposes, and Political Implications of Racial Discourse in U.S. Electoral Politics," published by Temple University Press. They also are co-editors of the forthcoming "Routledge Companion to Race & Ethnicity."
Caliendo, of Chicago, and McIlwain, of New York, are codirectors of The Project on Race in Political Communication, which is designed for students, scholars, educators, political professionals, members of the media and others who are interested in learning more about the interaction of race, politics and language. Visit http://www.raceproject.org/ for more information.
North Central College's political science program prepares students for careers in such fields as law, government, business, education and journalism, as well as graduate study and research. North Central graduates have gone on to become DuPage County state's attorney, lawyers in private and public practice, professionals in both public and non-governmental international organizations, staff members of state and congressional legislators, and teachers and college professors.
Students in North Central's political science program have opportunities to participate in the American Mock Trail Association where they can argue a criminal or civil case and compete against major college and university teams; participate in the Model United Nations program to travel to and learn about the politics, government, economics and culture of another country; study politics, economics, law, foreign policy and journalism in Washington, D.C., as part of the Washington Semester Program; engage in independent research and apply to obtain a Richter Independent Study Fellowship to fund travel and project development; and secure internships for the White House, members of Congress, political campaigns, legal firms and others.
Visit http://northcentralcollege.edu/academics/dept-div-progs/political-scienc... to learn more about North Central's political science program.
Caliendo has authored or co-authored more than 20 papers presented at national and regional professional conferences and is often called upon to provide analysis for print media stories and to appear on radio and television programs to lend his expertise to national, state and local political issues. He is available for interviews by print and broadcast journalists, students (all levels) and community leaders.
About North Central College
Founded in 1861, North Central College is an independent, comprehensive college of the liberal arts and sciences that offers more than 55 undergraduate majors and graduate programming in six areas. Located in Naperville, Ill., North Central is recognized as one of "America's Best Colleges" by U.S. News & World Report, which cites it as one of the top six schools in the Midwest for "Strong Commitment to Undergraduate Teaching"; as "a college for high-achieving students" by Peterson's Competitive Colleges; and as one of "America's Best Colleges" by Forbes. For more information about North Central College visit www.northcentralcollege.edu.
Caliendo may be reached at 630-637-5244 or email@example.com.


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Green Anoles in Hancock Park!
Dr. Greg Pauly, the Museum's intrepid curator of herpetology, just found a previously undocumented population of green anole lizards, Anolis carolinensis, in Hancock Park! This is the latest discovery in our increasingly popular RASCals (Reptiles and Amphibians of Southern California) citizen science project.
One of the Green Anoles, Anolis carolinensis, Greg found in Hancock Park.
But how did Greg find these little fellas? It's all down to a birder with a keen eye for wildlife in his backyard! Here's Greg with the story:
"This past December, Kimball Garrett, was leading a Christmas Bird Count. One of the other birders participating in the count told him about some anoles he had been seeing in the yard of his Hancock Park home near the Wilshire Country Club. Kimball alerted me to this observation, and I...


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Faculty of Music
The Well-Tempered Clavier with Ralph Elsaesser, piano
Jan 13/13
Date: Jan 13/13
Time: 13:30 - 17:00
Location: Maureen Forrester Recital Hall
Cost: Free Admission
WLU Professor Emeritus, Ralph Elsaesser will discuss and perform The Well-Tempered Clavier by J.S. Bach
Contact: Renee Ellis
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: (519) 884-1970 ext. 2631
View all WLU events


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Bathory - Jubileum I
In 1993, as BATHORY celebrated their 10:th anniversary, the Jubileum-series was unearthed containing a tracking-list chosen by the fans themselves.
Here they are all of them, the classic tracks from BATHORYs first ten years, accompanied by both previously unreleased recordings and the hard-to-find odd tracks.
Throughout all the 15 tracks, this album ranges from the primitive Death Metal of the early years, to the larger-than-life Epic Metal that ended their first decade.
Featuring one and hour and twelve minutes of BATHORY history.


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Jewish Care Young Patrons raise £55k for Edgware centre
March 28, 2011
More than 200 Jewish Care Young Patrons gathered at the Millennium Hotel in Mayfair for their third annual dinner. Dani Hopwood, who runs an education programme at the Martin B Cohen Centre for Wellbeing, made the appeal. The evening raised £55,000 which will go to the Edgware-based centre which supports people experiencing mental health issues.
Photos: Justin Grainge
Last updated: 10:30am, March 28 2011


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Please login first to complete purchase/ quotation request, view custom order reports, or create favorites list.
Don't have an account with us yet? Please set up an account to place order or obtain customer services.
This Aß (4-16) contains a C-terminal biotin attached to an LC (6-carbon long chain) on the epsilon side chain of an additional Lys. LC provides more accesibility for avidin attachment.


text: I've seen Zach Randolph play, and yes, he's playing some of his best basketball. He's averaging 22 points per game on 51% shooting and 10 rebounds, over the last 4 games. He's also surprisingly playing better defense, and he did an excellent job at guarding Dwight Howard vs the Magic.


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Squidgy lemon-ginger cake
Nutrition and extra info
- Freezable when undecorated
Nutrition: per slice
- kcal376
- fat16g
- saturates9g
- carbs57g
- sugars30g
- fibre2g
- protein4g
- salt0.53g
- 200g date, stoned
Dates are one of the oldest cultivated fruits - it's thought that they were a staple part of…
- 200g butter, cut in pieces
Butter is made when lactic-acid producing bacteria are added to cream and churned to make an…
- 300g dark muscovado sugar
- 2 eggs
The ultimate convenience food, eggs are powerhouses of nutrition, packed with protein and a…
- 50g fresh or frozen root ginger, grated
- 1 lemon, grated zest
Oval in shape, with a pronouced bulge on one end, lemons are one of the most versatile fruits…
- 200g self-raising flour
- 1 Bramley apple (about 250g/9oz) peeled and chopped into pea-sized pieces
Bramley applebram-lee app-el
A large, flattish cooking apple, green in appearance but sometimes with specks of red. The flesh…
- 50g white chocolate
- 1 tbsp chopped candied lemon peel, to decorate
Oval in shape, with a pronouced bulge on one end, lemons are one of the most versatile fruits…
- 1 tbsp sugar 'coffee crystals', to decorate
Honey and syrups made from concentrated fruit juice were the earliest known sweeteners. Today,…
Heat oven to 160C/fan 140C/gas 3. Butter and line a 20cm round cake tin (about 8cm deep) with baking parchment. Put dates in a bowl and cover with boiling water. Heat the butter in a small pan until melted, and stir in the sugar. Allow to cool slightly.
Beat in the eggs, ginger and lemon zest. Drain the dates and chop them finely. Scrape them into the pan too, and mix well. Stir in the flour, then apple. Spoon into the cake tin, put the tin on a baking sheet (this stops the base browning too much) then bake for about 1¼ hrs, until well risen. A skewer stuck into the cake should come out with a few moist crumbs sticking to it. Leave it to cool in the tin.
Break the white chocolate into a non-metallic bowl. Heat in the microwave, on medium setting, in one minute bursts until melted (or in a bowl over a pan of simmering water). Remove the cake from the tin and peel off the paper. Trickle the chocolate over the cake, scatter with the crystallised lemon peel and coffee crystals and leave to set before serving. If well wrapped, the cake keeps for at least a week – it just gets better and better. Or, wrap the cooled cake in several layers of cling film before decorating, and freeze for up to two months.
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Comments, questions and tips
Comments (44)
I've baked loads of recipes from BBC Good Food, but never felt the need to comment. THIS CAKE IS AMAZING! I have a huge sweet tooth, so would probably cover in white chocolate next time as the crunch of the topping works really well. I also laced with lemon drizzle and put crushed almonds on the top as I couldn't find the coffee sugar. Highly recommend this recipe!
Baked this yesterday, it took a lot longer than it stated and after 1 hour 40 minutes it was well risen but still seemed quite moist. I left it for a few minutes more and it appeared to just about ready. The cake did shrink after removing from the oven and I was worried that it still wasn't cooked through. I decorated the cake and when cooled down cut my self a slice. I was very disappointed! The cake was moist, very doughy in texture, possibly under cooked. However the under lying flavour was not ginger but mostly sugar and butter, almost toffee like, then you get the dates and the candied lemon. I used 52g of fresh ginger but you would hardly know it was there. I would say this was more sticky toffee pudding than a ginger cake. I won't be making it again!
have made this cake several times now and it is just fabulous, have never bothered with the topping and never missed it, great cold or warmed up,- serve with cream or custard -much nicer and lighter than christmas pud.....i make mine in a square tin and slice into squares, freezes great too..... suggest you use good quality dates, i have found the cheaper pressed block type have had tough pieces in which spoil it
Was really looking forward to making this cake. Finally got all the ingredients and have to say it was a massive faff to prepare the mixture and by the time it came to adding the apple I was losing the will to live. The finished cake was nice but I'm not convinced it was the best ever. Maybe it will be better a day or two later. We'll see.
It seems like the decision is unanimous; this cake is amazing! Moist and full of delicious flavours, and it keeps really well! I fed this to a lot of friends, some of whom professed to dislike ginger or dates, but everyone loved this! I topped it with flaked almonds, as a much simpler decoration, but just as pretty. This one is definitely going in my list of fallbacks!


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Alternative Workweeks
What is an "Alternative Workweek"?
With a "normal" workweek, if you work more than 8 hours in a day, your employer must pay you overtime (at least 1 ½ times your regular pay rate per hour). For example, if you make $8 an hour, and you work 10 hours in a day, your employer must pay you $8 an hour for the first 8 hours (or $64) plus $12 an hour for the two extra hours (or $24).
With an "alternative" workweek, your employer does NOT have to pay overtime if you and other employees at your job agree to work a regular schedule of:
- 10 hours or less per day, and
- 40 hours or less per week, and
- 6 days or less per week.
Employees in private homes and in some agricultural jobs cannot have an alternative workweek and must be paid daily overtime. However, if you have one of these jobs, there are special rules for overtime that are not described in this Fact Sheet.
Why is there an option to work an alternative workweek?
Alternative workweeks generally are designed to give employees flexible schedules. For example, some employees would rather work four long days and have an extra day off rather than work five regular workdays. An alternative workweek allows an employer to schedule four (4) 10-hour days instead of the normal five (5) 8-hour days without paying overtime for the extra two hours each day. Workdays during a valid alternative workweek do not have to be 10 hours; they can be less.
Can I agree to an alternative work schedule where I agree to work more than 10 hours a day without overtime?
Generally no. If your employer requires you to work more than 10 hours in a day or more than 40 hours in a week, it must pay you overtime for any hours worked beyond the legal limit. Note: Employees who work in the healthcare industry and are part of a team that delivers care to patients can agree to work up to 12 hours per day without overtime. Workers in certain other industries, such as ski resort employees, can work more hours without receiving overtime pay.
How can my employer legally set up an alternative workweek?
If an employer wants to set up an alternative workweek and not pay overtime for hours over 8 in a day, it must comply with four very specific requirements:
- First, the employer must propose the schedule in writing to the employees and tell the employees the different arrangements that will be available. The employer does not have to say exactly which days each employee will work, but only needs to describe the schedule.
- Second, the employer must tell the employees that they are giving up their right to overtime in exchange for a flexible schedule.
- Third, the "affected employees in the work unit" must vote to accept the new deal (see below for definition of who is "affected" and what is a "work unit"). This vote must be by a secret ballot and 2/3 of the affected employees must vote to accept the new schedule.
- Finally, the alternate schedule must establish a regular schedule of workdays that has a maximum of 10 hours in any day and a maximum of 40 hours in a week. (For example, a workweek of three (3) 12-hour days would not meet the qualifications for an alternative workweek unless it is in the healthcare industry).
If an employer chooses, it can offer its employees different schedule options, so long as those options comply with the law. For example, an employer can offer four days of nine hours each and one day of four hours or it can offer 4 days of 10 hours each with an extra day off each week.
Who are the "affected employees in the work unit" who can agree to an alternative workweek?
An employer can agree to an alternative workweek with a group of employees known as a "readily identifiable work unit." This work unit is made up of the employees who will be "affected" by the new workweek, that is, the workers who will not get overtime even if they work up to ten hours per day.
It is not entirely clear who is in a "work unit" because it is difficult to know who can be "affected" by an alternative workweek. "Work unit" can mean the entire staff, but it also can refer to a single division, department, job classification, shift, separate physical location, or recognized subdivision—including a single individual if he or she meets the definition. Therefore, an employer can ask one group of workers to have an alternative workweek, but not offer that option to another group of workers, so long as the groups are distinct. Because a work unit can also apply to a single individual, one employee could agree to an alternative workweek by herself, so long as she is the only worker in her unit.
Example: In a restaurant, the "work unit" could be the entire staff, but it could also mean just the bussers, waiters, or kitchen staff. It could even mean a single individual, for example a host, if that person is the only person in that type of job.
What if my employer sends me home before the end of my ten (10) hour shift?
If your employer has a valid alternative workweek schedule and sends you home before the end of your regularly scheduled workday, the employer must pay you overtime (time and a half) for any time worked beyond eight (8) hours.
What if my employer starts an alternative workweek, and I cannot work the new schedule?
If you could have voted in the alternative workweek "election," your employer must make "a reasonable effort" to give you an 8 hour workday schedule if you are unable to work the new schedule.
Unable to Work
You will probably be considered unable to work an alternative workweek if you:
- have serious child care problems or other family concerns that make working an alternative workweek difficult, or
- have an injury that will be aggravated by long work hours, or if you do not have the stamina to work long hours.
Reasonable Effort
It is not yet clear what a "reasonable" effort requires, but your employer will probably have to make at least some good faith effort to work with you and find alternatives.
What if I was just hired, but I cannot work the employer's alternative schedule?
You do not have the right to a regular eight (8) hour schedule if you come into a job with an established alternative workweek. The law permits your employer to give you an eight (8) hour day if you are a new employee, but does not require it. In other words, you may have to work the hours or lose the job, but your employer could agree to give you only an eight hour day if you ask for it.
What if my employer's alternative workweek interferes with my religious practices?
Your employer must explore any available "reasonable" alternative means of accommodating your religious beliefs and practices. The difference between this language and the reasonable effort language regarding employees who are unable (see above) to work the schedule is, unfortunately, still unclear. At a minimum, your employer will likely have to make a good faith effort to accommodate your religious beliefs.
How can I get rid of my employer's alternative workweek?
Employees working alternative workweeks can get rid of that workweek by holding another election. This election cannot be held until one year has passed since the vote to accept the alternative workweek.
One-third (1/3) of the affected employees must ask the employer for an election to get rid of an alternative workweek and receive overtime for working over eight hours in a day. Within 30 days of the workers' request, the employer must hold a secret ballot election (this time limit is extended if it has been less than a year since the vote to accept the workweek). The election must be by secret ballot, and two-thirds (2/3) of the affected employees must vote to end the schedule.
We refused to adopt an alternative workweek, and our employer lowered our pay rate. Is that allowed?
Probably not. Although not explicitly prohibited, your employer cannot lower your pay rate because of the "adoption, repeal or nullification of an alternative workweek schedule." The law is supposed to protect employees from retaliation because of their decisions about alternative workweeks.
I voluntarily work more than eight (8) hours a day without receiving overtime. Can I continue to work this schedule and not be paid overtime?
Normally, you cannot give up your right to receive overtime unless there is a valid alternative workweek. Only under very limited circumstances can you have an individual agreement with your employer to work without overtime. First, you must have been working this schedule as of July 1, 1999. Second, you must have established the schedule after January 1, 1998. Third, the schedule cannot require days longer than ten (10) hours. If you are scheduled to work more than ten (10) hours a day, the schedule is not valid. Fourth, you must have made a written request to continue the schedule before June 1, 2000. Most workers who have an informal agreement to work more than eight hours a day without overtime do not meet all four of these requirements, meaning that their employer must either pay them overtime or cut their hours down to eight in a day.
If you are one of the few workers with a valid agreement to work longer days without overtime, you may stop working this schedule at any time by telling your employer, in writing, that you wish to stop. You must tell your employer thirty (30) days before you want to stop.
I have an alternative workweek and I need to miss work, but I would like to make the time up. Do I still get overtime for those make up hours if they put me over 8 or 10 hours in a day?
Hours that you "make up" do not count as overtime if the following conditions apply: (1) you must request, in writing, to make up the lost time. (your employer may not encourage you to make this request), and (2) you must make up the hours in the same week as the time missed. If you work more than eleven (11) hours in a single day or more than forty (40) hours in a week because of the make up hours, your employer must still pay overtime for those hours above eleven (11) in a day or forty (40) in a week.
For further information about your employment rights, contact the Workers' Rights Clinic.
This Fact Sheet is intended to provide accurate, general information regarding legal rights relating to employment in California. Yet because laws and legal procedures are subject to frequent change and differing interpretations, the Legal Aid Society–Employment Law Center cannot ensure the information in this Fact Sheet is current nor be responsible for any use to which it is put. Do not rely on this information without consulting an attorney or the appropriate agency about your rights in your particular situation.


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Palm Beach Money
Tag: Dogs of the Dow up over 16 percent this year
Dogs of the Dow fetch some fine bones for investors
- 1:16 am Sunday, October 7th, 2012 by Dian Vujovich
As you know, I'm a fan of dogs. All sorts of dogs from the four-legged to three-legged, as well as corporate bow-wow's and those found in the DJIA. And, as fate would have it, those in the latter group have had a "good dog" year—thus far.
Looking at the 10 highest yielding stocks in the DJIA, aka, "The Dogs of the Dow", results at the end of the third quarter 2012 showed the year-to-date performance for the group was indeed something to howl about: The Dogs were up 16.16 percent (dividends reinvested), according to the Bespoke Investment Group.
Although that was a [More]


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Contour Couture Pink Slim Ankle Jean
Style: 570088099
Out of Stock
Haute pink jean is slim to the ankle with a rhinestone rivet on the coin pocket and tonal embroidery on back pockets. 92% Cotton, 6% Elasterell-p, 2% Spandex. Machine wash, cold; tumble dry low. Imported.
- Contour. Our curvy fit. Curvy through the hip and thigh and sits just below the waist.
- Slim ankle.
- Logo shank closure. Metal logo on back pocket. Back yoke. Soft goldtone hardware.
- "Feel beautiful" message inside the waistband.
- Inseams: regular 30", short 27.5", long 32".
Read more… Read less…


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Toll Free: 888-702-7099Local: 205-280-6546 - 7:30am to 4:30pm (ct)
The Carada Criterion Series projection screens bring an even higher-end look to your home theater. The 3-1/4 inch wide by 1-1/2 inch deep frame has a bevel on the front, inside edge that brings the edge of the frame right down to the surface of the screen.
Criterion Series projector screens are covered with our Black Hole™ velvet trim to absorb any overspill light from your projector.
The projection screen surface material snaps to the rear of the screen frame to give you a perfectly flat viewing surface, and the frame itself is extremely strong and mounts flush against your wall. Wall mounting brackets are included with all screens.
The Carada Criterion Series fixed frame projection screens are available in five standard aspect ratios. Custom projector screens are also available based on your projection screen size or aspect ratio.
Sometimes called NTSC, Academy, or 4:3, the aspect ratio of these home theater screens is the shape of televisions made before High Definition came on the scene. These theater screens were the earliest so many older movies were made with this aspect ratio including classics like Citizen Kane, Wizard of Oz and many others.
View all 1:33 to 1 projector screens
This is the aspect ratio of High Definition Television, and is sometimes referred to as 16:9. It is the most popular aspect ratio for a home theater screen because it is a good compromise between the 1.33 to 1 format also used for front theater projection screens, and widescreen movies like Indiana Jones or Lawrence of Arabia.
View all 1:78 projector screens
A huge number of movies have been made in this common film ratio for our front theater projector screens that are just slightly wider than our projector screen sizes for High Definition TV.
View all 1:85 to 1 projector screens
Not one of the more common video formats, but the screens for projector built to this aspect ratio can be a good choice for film enthusiasts who want to roughly split the difference between High Definition TV and the widest projection screen sizes.
View all 2:05 to 1 projector screens
One of the very best projector screen size formats is this ultra-wide screen, which has been used on many of the most beloved films ever made for a home projection screen, including Star Wars, Titanic, and The Lord Of The Rings.
View all 2:35 to 1 projector screens


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Welcome to OneHarvest Food Ministries
OneHarvest is a non-denominational, faith based organization that is committed to helping American families. We offer affordable, pre-paid, pre-packaged, high quality food boxes. Our quality standard is based on a simple question...
If Christ were sitting at our table, would we be proud to serve Him our food?
By partnering with local churches and other community minded organizations, we are able to offer a once monthly distribution giving you an opportunity to SAVE, SERVE and CONNECT. Savings is simple, everyone wants to save money and everyone has to eat. Serving and connecting with your community can be difficult at times. OneHarvest offers you an opportunity to do all three.
We truly believe that food ministry is an awesome and effective way for you to serve and connect with your community. Our heart is ministry, feeding people is the bonus.
Ordering is open to everyone, there are no limits, qualifications or requirements. Order for yourself, a friend or family member, or for a family in need in your community.
Click here to find a location near you.
Ready to order? Click here to order with your debit or credit card Online Ordering.
Sign up for our newsletter here.
Want to become a part of the OneHarvest family? Complete an application here.
Soldier serve the hungry
What Chief Warrant Officer 5 Edward Peterson Jr. has done for the least of these, the Soldier has done for Christ.read more
Food boxes help hungry
Tallatoona Community Action Partnership has teamed up with other community organizations to bring boxes of food to the hungry free of charge in an...read more
Christian Services offers new food program
Cookie Proute, who directs the OneHarvest program for Christian Services in Hattiesburg, Mississippi, was featured in a news segment on WDAM-TV....read more


text: I am breastfeeding my second child who is one week old. I also nursed my first child for 20 months with no problems. I remember my breasts softening at around 3-4 months with the first child. My problem is that my breasts are already softening with the second child at one week of age. With the first child, my breasts stayed full in between feedings for the first 3-4 months at least. We went to the pediatrician today and my baby has gained 2 ounces in four days. I continue to feel let down and he is wetting and pooping. I just need some reassurance. I am stressing out!!!!


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I don't know about you but I'm STILL working on getting my Disney movie collection on DVD- I had all VHS tapes and we don't have a VHS player that works anymore!! Are you looking to add to your collection? Here are four fantastic deals that will save you a ton of money and you don't even need to clip a single coupon. All of these items ship FREE with your Amazon Prime/Mom Membership or any order that is $25 or more! Purchase 2 movies and you will get free shipping.
Dumbo DVD Edition $13.99 (save 53%)
The Lion King DVD or The Lion King DVD/Blu Ray Combo $18.49 (save 54%)
Name Your Winnie the Pooh (Three-Disc Blu-ray/DVD Combo + Digital Copy) – $19.99 (save 54%)
Bambi DVD – $15.99 (save 47%)
Thanks, Coupons are GREAT!!