text:
CDC Interim Guidance for Revaccination of Eligible Persons who Participated in the US Civilian Smallpox Preparedness and Response Program
October 2008
Purpose: The purpose of this document is to propose a recommendation for an appropriate time-interval for revaccination of public health and health care volunteers who were vaccinated as responders in the US Civilian Smallpox Preparedness and Response Program. This document addresses only the revaccination of public health and healthcare volunteers and does not address routine revaccination guidance for laboratory workers or primary vaccination of emergency responders.
BACKGROUND: With the eradication of naturally-occurring smallpox in 1977 and destruction or transfer to 1 of 2 WHO reference laboratories of viral stockpiles, the potential threat of smallpox as a bioweapon was greatly diminished. However, verification of destruction or transfer was not systematically obtained from all countries with viral stockpiles and the possibility exists that Variola virus may be acquired and used by a terrorist organization.
Because of this possibility and the anthrax bioterrorism attacks that occurred in 2001, CDC asked the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) to review its recommendations for smallpox vaccination regarding recommendations for vaccination of persons designated to respond to or care for a suspected or confirmed case of smallpox.1 Supplemental recommendations were developed after formation of a joint working group of ACIP and the National Vaccine Advisory Committee in April 2002 and joined in September 2002 by the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. A series of public meetings and forums also were held to review available data related to smallpox, smallpox vaccine, smallpox-control strategies, and other concerns related to smallpox vaccination.
The supplemental recommendations published in 2003 recommend that each acute-care hospital identify health-care workers who can be vaccinated and trained to provide direct medical care for the first smallpox patients requiring hospital admission and to evaluate and manage patients who are suspected of having smallpox. When feasible, the first-stage vaccination program should include previously vaccinated health-care personnel to decrease the potential for adverse events. Additionally, persons administering smallpox vaccine in this pre-event vaccination program should be vaccinated.2
Through December 2003, approximately 40,000 civilian personnel from 50 states received licensed smallpox vaccine as part of state and local smallpox preparedness programs. Of those vaccinated for whom complete data were available, approximately 17,000 were hospital health care staff, 13,000 were public health response team personnel, and 10,000 were defined as other personnel (most of whose occupations were listed as other health care). At least one employee was vaccinated in 2,137 acute care hospitals (43% of all United States acute care hospitals). At least 2,900 of these other personnel were first responders such as law enforcement, fire fighters, and emergency medical technicians. Subsequent to 2003, vaccination of response team members has continued, although in much lower numbers. Unfortunately there is no registry which has current information regarding the number of public health and healthcare volunteers vaccinated within the states.3,4
The 2003 ACIP supplemental recommendations for using smallpox vaccine in a pre-event vaccination program did not address the issue of revaccination. State and local health departments have requested that CDC provide guidance regarding appropriate interval for revaccination of individuals who participate in the civilian smallpox responder vaccination program. Therefore, this interim guidance is intended to assist state and local health departments determine the appropriate revaccination schedule for eligible individuals in their jurisdiction who received smallpox vaccination as part of the US Civilian Smallpox Preparedness and Response, while considering the risks and benefits of alternate revaccination approaches.
Smallpox vaccine is made from live vaccinia virus and protects against smallpox disease but has rare but well-described adverse reactions. Serious complications and sequelae that may follow either primary smallpox vaccination or revaccination include: myocarditis and/or pericarditis, post-vaccinial encephalitis, progressive vaccinia, generalized vaccinia, erythema multiforme major (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome), eczema vaccinatum, contact transmission of vaccinia virus, and fetal death in pregnant women.5 Historically, death following smallpox vaccine is a rare event; approximately 1-2 death per 1 million vaccinations has occurred.6,7 This surveillance data, however, represented primarily the pediatric population. Using strict criteria for vaccination, designed to exclude those with conditions which were recognized to predispose to adverse events, a recent study conducted among adults, vaccinated after 2001, indicated an overall adverse event rate of 217 per 10,000 vaccinees; the rate of serious adverse events was 26 per 100,000.8 A joint CDC and Department of Defense smallpox vaccination safety-monitoring system found serious adverse events were rare because of careful education, prevaccination screening, and strict attention to vaccination-site management. In addition this monitoring system found that recent vaccinees could safely care for high-risk patients by adhering to recommended site care and that human immunodeficiency virus–infected individuals without severe immunosuppression had uncomplicated vaccination reactions. However; epidemiological studies did supported a causal relationship between myocarditis and/or pericarditis and smallpox vaccination. No new smallpox vaccine-associated clinical syndromes were identified.9
CDC has begun distribution of a new-generation smallpox vaccine, ACAM2000™ (Acambis, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts), to civilian laboratory personnel, the military, and state public health preparedness programs. ACAM2000 is a live, vaccinia virus smallpox vaccine that was licensed for use in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration in August 2007. ACAM2000 will be replacing Dryvax® smallpox vaccine (Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Marietta, Pennsylvania) because of withdrawal of the Dryvax license. ACAM2000 is a live vaccinia virus derived from plaque purification cloning from Dryvax. The safety data available from the ACAM2000 clinical trials indicate a similar safety profile to Dryvax.10
The decision to provide smallpox revaccination in the pre-event setting to individuals who were vaccinated as part of the US Civilian Smallpox Preparedness and Response Program involves consideration of several factors:
- Smallpox threat and risk of exposure if outbreak occurs. The risk of a deliberate release of smallpox by terrorist is real; however, this risk is low, and the population at risk for such an exposure cannot be determined. In addition, health-care workers and others would be afforded a certain level of protection from infection through appropriate infection-control measures, including use of appropriate personal protective equipment.
- The risk of having an unvaccinated or partially immune cadre of initial first responders. During the smallpox era, the overall mortality rate among unvaccinated individuals was approximately 30%. Smallpox vaccine can prevent or decrease the severity of clinical disease, even when administered 3-4 days after exposure to the smallpox virus. Data emerging from recent studies examining the duration of immunologic markers in humans (and animals) vaccinated long ago suggest that some degree of protection against smallpox may be maintained for decades after vaccination. There is however, no assurance of absolute protection from acquiring disease.
- Expected severe adverse reactions to vaccination. Severe adverse reactions are expected to be similar to or less than historical rates. Appropriate screening for contraindications to vaccination among vaccinated persons as well as their household contacts and recommended precautions should minimize both the risk for adverse events among vaccinees as well as the risk for transmission of vaccinia to their contacts (e.g., patients or household members).However, the risk of adverse events following multiple revaccinations is not well defined. In the event of confirmed smallpox reintroduction, vaccine benefit versus risk ratio increases greatly.
- Liability issues for vaccine administrators. On October 10, 2008, the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services issued a Declaration for Utilization of Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act for Smallpox Countermeasures. This declaration pursuant to section 319F-3 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247d-6d) provides targeted liability protection for smallpox countermeasures include vaccines.
- Full benefit of recombinant vaccinia vaccines. Vaccinia virus can be genetically engineered to contain and express foreign DNA. Recombinant vaccinia viruses have been engineered to express immunizing antigens of herpesvirus, hepatitis B, rabies, influenza, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and other viruses. Persons with preexisting immunity to vaccinia might not receive the full benefit of recombinant vaccinia vaccines developed for immunization against other infections.
The following recommendations are based upon balancing the risks and benefits of continuing pre-event smallpox revaccination. In the event of confirmed smallpox reintroduction, vaccine benefit versus risk ratio increases greatly.
RECOMMENDATION: After consideration of available scientific evidence and the practical issues relevant to pre-event vaccination, CDC recommends revaccination of volunteer responders from the pre-event smallpox program on an as-needed, "out-the-door" basis. "Out-the-door" basis is defined as receiving revaccination only after there is determination of a credible smallpox threat to public health and prior to engaging in activities involving a risk for exposure to smallpox virus. "Out-the-door" revaccination would only apply to first responders who had been vaccinated as part of the US Civilian Smallpox Preparedness and Response and had a documented vaccine 'take'. A "take" typically appears as a vesicle surrounded by a red areola, which becomes umbilicated and then pustular by days 7-11 after vaccination. Skin reactions after revaccination are typically less pronounced with more rapid progression and healing than those after primary vaccinations.
The "out-the-door" recommendation would be activated only after a smallpox outbreak is confirmed or highly suspected, or there is credible evidence of a release or imminent release of smallpox virus. The use of the "out-the-door" policy is also dependent on several assumptions:
- state or local health agencies maintain a sufficient supply of smallpox vaccine on hand to initiate revaccination and they have a mechanism in place to allow for quick revaccination of the responders if needed,
- state and local agencies have maintained a sufficient number and accurate registry of responders with documented takes after vaccination
- vaccine will be given to response members immediately regardless of interval from last vaccination, and
- screening for risk factors for adverse events and education must continue for every participant.
- Under the guidance of occupational health a system should be in place that is capable of monitoring all participants and has the ability to report vaccine adverse events to a vaccine safety monitoring system (e.g., Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System [VAERS]).11
CDC also recommends that personnel whose only occupational exposure to orthopoxviruses is through administering smallpox vaccine to others, (e.g., people who administer vaccine to poxvirus researchers, lab workers, etc.) be revaccinated every 10 years. Historically, vaccinators were administering smallpox vaccine as part of a disease control or eradication program and were revaccinated frequently. No data exist regarding the risks for inadvertent inoculation of vaccinia among susceptible vaccinators, but they are assumed to have some level of risk. The risk might be analogous to that observed among laboratory workers handling nonhighly attenuated vaccinia strains. During a smallpox outbreak, individuals likely to be administering vaccine in larger vaccination efforts, should receive "out-the-door" revaccination, without regard to interval from last vaccination, as outlined in this policy in order to also provide protection against smallpox exposure.
This interim guidance from CDC is based on the best available science and supporting studies conducted in accordance with sound and objective scientific practices, including peer-reviewed science and supporting studies when available. However, data on duration of protection and recommendations on periodicity of vaccinations are limited and based to a large extent on historic precedent and expert opinion used to develop previous ACIP recommendations for smallpox vaccination for laboratory workers using orthopoxviruses. This interim guidance balances overall risk for adverse events in the revaccinee (and their contact) populations with the public health need for a sufficient number of public health first responders available to rapidly respond to a smallpox outbreak. Implementation of this interim guidance should minimize the probability of adverse events by minimizing the number of times public health responders need to be revaccinated.
Considerations for state or local public health agencies who wish to maintain some individuals with more recent vaccination status
After consideration of the risk to benefit ratio regarding vaccination or revaccination of first responders against smallpox in the pre-event setting, some state and local public health agencies may have circumstances (e.g., perceived higher risk of targeted bioterrorism attack, inadequate number of previously vaccinated first responders), which lead them to determine that the above recommendations do not meet their specific needs.
In this situation, state and local public health officials who feel they need to go beyond the CDC recommendations and maintain a certain number of responders with a more recent vaccination status than provided by the current CDC recommendation should consider the following issues:
- Public health agencies should carefully consider if there is added benefit for more frequent revaccination given that out the door vaccination will, most likely, be recommended regardless of the time since last smallpox vaccination.
- If state and local public health agencies feel that more frequent vaccination is needed, they may want to consider whether the risk to their responders is analogous to that of laboratory workers who handle virulent strains of orthopoxviruses. ACIP recommends that these laboratory workers be revaccinated every three years.1
- CDC. Vaccinia (smallpox) vaccine: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2001. MMWR 2001;50:1-25.
- CDC. Recommendations for Using Smallpox Vaccine in a Pre-Event Vaccination Program: Supplemental Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). MMWR 2003;52:1-16.
- Chapman LE, Mootrey GT, Neff LJ. Introduction: vaccination against smallpox in the posteradication era. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46:S153-6
- Strikas RA, Neff LJ, Rotz L, et al. US Civilian Smallpox Preparedness and Response Program, 2003. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:S157-67.
- CDC. Smallpox Vaccination and Adverse Reactions. MMWR 2003;52:1-28.
- Lane JM, Ruben FL, Neff JM, Millar JD. Complications of smallpox vaccination: national surveillance in the United States, 1968. N Engl J Med 1969;281:1201-7.
- Lane JM, Ruben FL, Neff JM, Millar JD. Complications of smallpox vaccination, 1968: results of ten statewide surveys. J Infect Dis 1970;122:303-9
- Casey CG, Iskander JK, Roper MH, et al. Adverse events associated with smallpox vaccination in the United States, January-October 2003. JAMA 2005;294:2734-43.
- Neff J, Modlin J, Birkhead GS, et al. Monitoring the Safety of a Smallpox Vaccination Program in the United States: Report of the Joint Smallpox Vaccine Safety Working Group of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the Armed Forces Epidemiological Board. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:S258-70.
- CDC. Notice to Readers: Newly Licensed Smallpox Vaccine to Replace Old Smallpox Vaccine. MMWR 2008; 57;207-8
- Thomas TN, Reef S, Neff L, Sniadack MM, Mootrey GT. A Review of the Smallpox Vaccine Adverse Events Active Surveillance System. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:S212-20.
- Page last updated: January 13, 2009
- Content source: National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH)/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC)
View page in
Get email updates
To receive email updates about this page, enter your email address:
Contact Us:
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Rd
Atlanta, GA 30333
- Contact CDC-INFO


text:
July 24, 2013 —
HONESDALE, PA — On Saturday, July 27 there is a contra dance from 7:30 to 10 p.m. at The Cooperage. This dance will feature music by The Ragtag Rutabagas with caller Laurie B. Come with or without a partner. Beginners are welcome. Suggested donation is $10; free for children under 15.
Contra dance is a form of traditional American set dancing with long lines of couples facing each other. Over the course of a dance, each couple moves up and down the hall, interacting with the other couples in their line. The steps themselves, which are simple and easy to learn, are similar to those used in traditional square dances. A caller first teaches the figures to be done in each dance, and then 'calls' the dance as the music is played by live musicians.
Visit www.thecooperageproject.org [1] or call 570/253-2020.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
"I'm running out of places to cut," said Eldred Central School (ECS) District Superintendent Robert Dufour during a presentation about the 2012-13 district budget.
Dufour and school business administrator William Thornton recently went over all BOCES expenses and the entire contingency budget to look for line items they felt could be cut that wouldn't impact instruction or cause any reductions in staff. "The key thing to remember is that 75% to 80% of our expenses are salaries and benefits," Dufour said. "The other is what I'm playing with here, and it's really not a lot to play with."
Dufour detailed strategies for reducing the budget, including one in which the school fitness center is now being run by volunteers at a savings of approximately $20,000 per year.
Another applies to grants, which have always been used to supplement programs, with staff members being factored into the general fund and general budget. That practice will be changing. "We are going to move the employees into the grants and use the grants to fund those positions as opposed to supporting the program with program materials," he said.
The grant money fluctuates from year to year and is based on varying factors. "The positions would be tied to that grant," explained Dufour. If the grant funding is reduced, positions would need to be eliminated. "In order to make the cuts we need to, we don't have a choice this year," he added. "As things improve, we can reverse this in the future, but we're forecasting three to five very lean years, so we need to use every available dollar to support the staff that supports the program."
Another $120,000 has been added to the projected cuts detailed at last month's meeting. "We're up to $867,610," said Dufour. "This is a long way from the $1.5 million that I feel we need to cut in order to show the community that we're doing our due diligence and making every conceivable effort to reduce our operating expenses while not impacting our program."
Dufour and Thornton will continue looking for potential solutions. "We will be tapping our reserves this year, which will permit us to reduce our overall budget by another couple hundred thousand dollars," said Dufour. "Bill and I will be providing the board with a number that we feel we can start building the budget from. I'd like to get it at $15 million, but I don't think that's going to be possible. Probably more like $15.5 mil. Then we build the budget once the board has given us a general consensus that's the direction they want us to go.
"Because of the $2 million we returned on the levy, even if I put up a $15 million budget, that will exceed the 2% property tax cap. Under the way the tax cap legislation works, if our budget gets voted down, because we will need 60% of those voting to pass the budget, we have an opportunity to put it up one more time. We can put it up at the same [amounts], or differently. If we put it up at the same, it will still require the 60% to pass."
"How are you going to make the decisions?" asked ECS board member Carol Bliefernich.
Dufour responded that the first goal is to have a teacher in every classroom. "We may not have support staff. That could mean a reduction in teaching assistants," said Dufour. "We will have to ultimately look at everything—sports, extracurricular, driver's education, our music program. I'm hoping by making these cuts we can convince the community that we're doing the right thing; we are proper stewards of their money and we can get the support we need to pass the budget."
Larry Thomas, BOCES district superintendent, spoke following Dufour's presentation. "The message you're getting is very accurate," he said. "You're wise as a board to try to think of some of these strategies now. We're going to be facing some cuts at BOCES as well. We cut 17 positions last year."
"Right now, our focus is to cut our expenses to the bone, to the absolute level that we can just exist and get by," concluded Dufour. "In order to operate our program that our children are benefiting from, we need to keep the staff that we have in place. But there's going to be hardship."
Dufour invited the public to call or email with suggestions or questions at 845/456-1100, ext. 5296, or or email firstname.lastname@example.com [1]. The budget will continue to be discussed at upcoming board meetings; the next is scheduled for November 10 at 7:30 p.m. at George Ross Mackenzie Elementary School in Glen Spey.


text:
Washington County legislators reveal top issuesJanuary 02,2013
The Times Argus invited every state legislator from Washington County to respond to the question, Whats your single most important issue for 2013 and why?
Here are the answers from all the lawmakers who replied:
Sen. Bill Doyle, R-Washington:
Many Vermonters recovering from Tropical Storm Irene are optimistic that FEMA would adequately fund much of the states flood losses, but recently we learned the $44 million plan to replace the Vermont State Hospital would not be eligible for federal funding. Many buildings in the Waterbury complex have received the same fate and many homeowners will not be eligible for hazard grants. This means many families will be uncompensated for houses destroyed by the flood. Vermont deserves a fair federal return for its flood losses. Our Legislature, working closely with federal and state officials, will work for fair compensations.
Sen. Anthony Pollina, P/D/W-Washington:
Strengthening our economy with a Vermont Public Bank; keeping our tax dollars local and working through local banks investing more in Vermont businesses, farms, housing, renewable energy and jobs. Now our tax dollars are deposited in a Wall Street bank. They charge us fees and pocket profits made lending our money elsewhere. Then we borrow to raise money (Vermonters paid $70 million in bonding interest last year). Lets control our money and rebuild our economy.
Rep. Anne Donahue, R-Washington-1 (Berlin, Northfield):
The Legislature must get a handle on the feasibility of our health care initiatives. Vermont has the overall right vision if it can remove health care from affiliation with employment and recognize it as a public good, without stepping in to create a state-run system. However, I seriously question whether a small state can go it alone within a much larger country, and this must be resolved before investing ever more resources into it.
Rep. Thomas Koch, R/D-Washington-2 (Barre Town):
Balancing the budget without raising taxes and, just for the record, a tax on heating oil would hit most Vermonters and is clearly a broad-based tax.
Rep. Francis Topper McFaun, R/D-Washington-2 (Barre Town):
We need to make sure the mental health system that we reformed the last two years is functioning properly. If there are any further things we need to do or back off on, thats the most important thing to do make sure were on track. We also need to look at what needs to be done in terms of our road and bridge infrastructure after Irene came and went, and to look at the individuals plight who lost everything to see where are they today.
Rep. Paul Poirier, I-Washington-3 (Barre City):
My personal priority for this session is to create a health care consumer protection office. Health care is a $5 billion annual expenditure and yet there is no comprehensive office that acts as the protector of the people. My proposal would set up an office that would have the authority to intervene in all matters before the Green Mountain Care Board and the financial services office. The office will also be authorized to file enforcement violations against health insurance companies including the state of Vermont. A state-run program is no guarantee that issues like denials and costs will go away. The state becomes a health insurer and they will use the same tools as private insurers. To pay for this program, there would be a $4 annual surcharge on all health policies sold in the state of Vermont.
Rep. Tess Taylor, D-Washington-3 (Barre City):
If I have to pick just one, it would be to look for legislation across the spectrum that will help working Vermonters, promote job creation and develop workforce training. We were able to accomplish this last year with the working lands enterprise investment bill and I think we can continue to find new opportunities in the upcoming session.
Rep. Mary Hooper, D-Washington-4 (Montpelier):
The Vermont Legislature needs to continue making strategic investments in Vermonters and our communities which provide for our health, safety and welfare. This includes efforts to mitigate the effect of climate change, staying on track with reform of the health care system, and looking at state-supported financing systems. We also need to take a critical look at what we can afford and not afford, and be willing to not fund some efforts.
Rep. Warren Kitzmiller, D-Washington-4 (Montpelier):
As hard as it is to isolate one issue from among the many pressing matters Vermont faces, I believe we simply must continue to reform the way we pay (and the amount we pay) for health care. I want Vermont to join with virtually every civilized nation in the world and treat health care as a human right.
Rep. Tony Klein, D-Washington-5 (East Montpelier, Middlesex):
To continue to move Vermont forward to achieving our goal of having 90 percent of our energy needs met through efficiency and conservation programs and the continued development of renewable energy generation sources by the year 2050. We have spent the last 15 years developing and adopting with overwhelming public support our clean energy policy, and we have spent the last 30 years creating a regulatory process that we believe is the most rigorous process in the entire country. Now we are in the actual build-out phase of our policy. We need to continue to move forward to achieve our goals and solve all problems that may arise during the build-out. Simply stopping or undoing all the progress we have made makes little sense considering the huge challenges that this state, country and the world face from our ever-changing climate.
Rep. Janet Ancel, D-Washington-6 (Calais, Marshfield, Plainfield):
With the Affordable Care Act and a continuing focus on health care on the part of the governor, my top priority is to ensure that the health care exchange is implemented in such a way that it will serve as the foundation for a single-payer system of health care. We have an unusual opportunity this coming year to get it right.
Rep. Maxine Jo Grad, D-Washington-7 (Duxbury, Fayston, Moretown, Waitsfield, Warren):
Community resiliency and sustainability. Its continued success in my new district is dependent upon our roads, small businesses, schools, affordable health care, land and river health, local food production and tourism. The economic downturn, climate change and recent flooding have created enormous challenges for the district. I want to continue my work on strong energy policies, flood recovery, economic growth, agriculture and land use policy, public transportation, public safety and sound infrastructure.
Rep. Adam Greshin, I-Washington-7 (Duxbury, Fayston, Moretown, Waitsfield, Warren):
Affordability is the most important issue faced by Vermonters. The cost of maintaining a high quality of life in our state continues to escalate, and every initiative we launch in the Legislature must be filtered through the prism of affordability. Are we adding to the burden of Vermonters or are we providing a means for our citizenry to earn a good living, spend quality time with family and enjoy the fruits of this beautiful state?
Rep. Rebecca Ellis, D-Washington-Chittenden (Bolton, Buels Gore, Huntington, Waterbury):
Climate change. Over the past decade, Vermont has been a leader in developing in-state, renewable sources of power. The Legislature needs to continue exploring ways to promote renewable sources of energy. I also hope to see more progress in reducing energy consumption through thermal efficiency to landscape development patterns to transportation policy that will have a meaningful impact on our future environment.
Rep. Tom Stevens, D-Washington-Chittenden (Bolton, Buels Gore, Huntington, Waterbury):
Irene recovery We will monitor FEMA negotiations, plans for the Waterbury complex and Main Street and continue to advocate for areas damaged by the 2011 weather events. Fiscal prudence With another large gap to fill in our budget, it is important to balance our needs with our revenues. I will support additional taxation that makes a minimal negative impact on the 300,000 Vermonters making less than $100,000 annually. Health care We need to complete our work on the federally mandated exchange, and we need to move forward with our ongoing reforms in the way we provide care and in the way we pay for it. Our Blueprint for Health is an excellent beginning and can provide us the foundation for moving forward.
Rep. Kitty Beattie Toll, D-Caledonia-Washington (Cabot, Danville, Peacham):
Balancing the state budget. Again, there is a significant gap to close and every year it becomes increasingly more difficult to bridge this gap as the options become less and less. All state expenditures must be carefully considered and outcomes thoroughly assessed to assure Vermont tax dollars are prudently spent.
Rep. Peter Peltz, D-Lamoille-Washington (Elmore, Morristown, Woodbury, Worcester):
It is not a specific issue that concerns me most; it is how we conduct the states business. Whether it is health care reform, tax policy, transportation, education, energy the list goes on foremost, we have to have open dialogue and collaboration amongst all of us at all levels of state government. As individuals we may think that we have a lock on what should be done; committees, departments, agencies and administration teams can be, at times, insular in their work. Ultimately, clarity and public review, with hopeful acceptance, will benefit most by how we work together.
Rep. Patsy French, D-Orange-Washington-Addison (Braintree, Brookfield, Granville, Randolph, Roxbury):
My top priority is protecting human services programs in the budget. They really impact peoples lives. Getting Death with Dignity legislation passed is also a high priority with me.
Rep. Larry Townsend, D-Orange-Washington-Addison (Braintree, Brookfield, Granville, Randolph, Roxbury):
Balancing the budget. The same for 2013 is true as it has been since 2008; the needs of the people of the state of Vermont greatly outdistance our ability to pay without some form of increase in revenues, i.e., taxes. That said, we cannot continue to increase the states budget by 5-6 percent every year. In short, the money is all gone and now we have to start thinking.MORE IN Central VermontMIDDLEBURY According to WebMD, Dystonia is a movement disorder that causes a persons muscles ... Full StoryTiffany Briggs and Kayla Jackson eyed each other across the table, clasped hands, and then it was... Full StoryMARLBORO Police are investigating a burglary on Higley Hill Road. Full Story
- Most Popular
- Most Emailed


text:
The Role of Motivation, Cognition, and Conscientiousness for Academic Achievement
Based on a cognitive motivational process model of learning, the impact of studying behavior on learning outcome is investigated. First-year students (N = 488) participated in the study. Two research questions were addressed: (1) Can cognitive-motivational variables and objective study behavior predict individual learning? (2) Which factors drive studying behavior? Results show low to moderate correlations between cognitive-motivational variables and performance. A cluster analysis yielded three profiles: (1) interested learners with high academic self-concept and effort investment; (2) low interest learners with high academic self-concept and low effort investment; and (3) interested learners with low self-concept and low effort. Groups 2 and 3 are considered at-risk students for developing a surface approach to learning and for drop out.
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
International Journal of Higher Education
ISSN 1927-6044 (Print) ISSN 1927-6052 (Online)
Copyright © Sciedu Press
To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the 'Sciedupress.com' domain to your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', check your 'bulk mail' or 'junk mail' folders.


text:
To order an item from 2ezr, just click on the 'Add to Cart' button.
Clicking on the thumbnail picture of any item gives you a larger picture of that item.
Thanks for shopping at 2ezr!
Contact us!
9404 East Las Tunas DriveTemple City, CA 91780United States
Updated Sunday, December 11 2016Product descriptions copyright© 2016 2ezrAll else copyright© 1995-2016 TIAS.com All rights reserved.


text:
Three women are charged in connection with a 2007 death in eastern Wisconsin.
Lara Plamann, 33, was shot in the head on the Greenville property she shared with her domestic partner Dianna Siveny, 53.
Siveny along with her 34-year-old daughter Kandi Siveny were charged Monday with first-degree intentional homicide and solicitation of substantial battery. Rosie Campbell, 38, is charged with first-degree intentional homicide.
According to the criminal complaint, Kandi Siveny allegedly fired the gun because she suspected Plamann was cheating on her mother. Campbell was allegedly an accomplice. Kandi Siveny and Campbell live in St. Paul, Minn.
WLUK-TV reports a judge set a $1 million cash bond Monday for Dianna Siveny, who lives in Appleton. Online court records did not list defense attorneys for the women.


text:
Chevron Burnout Shell
Style: 570091830
Out of Stock
Lustrous tank woven with a modern mix of burnout stripes—neutral zigzags over slimming white lines. Soft goldtone hardware highlights the silky straps.
- Small gathers at the V-neck create a flowing fit.
- Bust darts. Side vents. V-back.
- Fully lined. Bra strap guides.
- Shell: 63% Viscose, 37% Polyester. Lining: 100% Polyester. Dry clean. Imported.
- Hits at lower hip (27" from shoulder to hem).
Read more… Read less…


text:
You are on deadline and worried about budgets.
I create solutions on your budget and your timeline.
Your marketing materials are past their prime.
I breathe new life into your look and feel.
Your company is the state of the art, you need an edgy contemporary look.
I bring more than 15 years experience building solutions to creative problems.
I craft light and image to tell your story.


text:
Voices from Laos: Nationwide Speakers Tour
Thu, 25 Apr 2013 7:00 PM - 8:30 PM
7-8:30 p.m.
Room 159, ISAT/CS Building
Guest speakers Manixia Thor, a 24-year-old mother and leader of an all-female demining team in Laos, and Thoummy Silamphan, a Lao bomb-accident survivor who heads the Quality of Life Association in Xieng Khouang, the first association to serve bomb survivors in Laos, offer firsthand accounts of the lingering dangers of unexploded bombs in Laos. After Thor and Silamphan share their stories, they will be joined in a panel discussion by Channapha Khamvongsa, executive director at Legacies of War; Titus Peachey, director of peace education for Mennonite Central Committee-U.S.; and Dr. Ken Rutherford, director of the Center for International Stabilization and Recovery at JMU. Sponsored by the Center for International Stabilization and Recovery. For information, visit http://cisr.jmu.edu/legacies.htm; free.


text:
Prelude to the Dream Lineup
It's official! 25 champion drivers. 4 children's hospitals. Ride with us as we race to make dreams come true. The 2011 Prelude to the Dream. Wednesday, June 8, LIVE on Pay-Per-View. http://www.preludetothedream.org/about/ ... lineup.cfm. Don't miss it
The 2011 Prelude to the Dream will consist of 24 drivers and each will be divided amongst four teams and each will represent one of the four following children's hospitals:
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
Children's Medical Center Dallas
Levine Children's Hospital
St. Louis Children's Hospital
Children's' healthcare of Atlanta Bowyer, Clint
Car Owner: Clint Bowyer
Sponsors: Cheerios, Dollar General
Car # 33
Bowyer returns to Eldora as one of the most consistent Prelude participants and is the only Prelude participant to finish in the top 5 in each Prelude event from 2007 to 2010. Bowyer currently drives the #33 car for Richard Childress Racing in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series. Bowyer grew up racing on the dirt and currently owns his own dirt teams and also provides a dirt late model car for Jimmie Johnson for the Prelude event.
Capps, Ron
Car Owner: John Kennedy
Sponsor: NAPA Auto Parts
Car # 28
Capps is one of five drivers who have participated in every Prelude event since 2005. The NHRA star looks to continue to improve upon his recent finishes of 13th and 20th over the past two years.
Edwards, Carl
Car Owner: Stacy Holmes
Sponsor: Aflac
Car # 99
Edwards returns for his fourh Prelude event after posting a podium finish (3rd) in 2010. Carl grew up racing on dirt and quickly found success at Eldora as he won as a rookie at the 2007 Prelude after battling Kyle Busch and Jeff Gordon on the waning laps of the feature.
Logano, Joey
Car Owner: Chris Wall
Sponsor: Home Depot
Car # 20
The youngest driver in the field returns for his third stint at Eldora. After struggling to a 20th place finish as a rookie, Joey made enormous gains in 2010 and posted a 13th place finish. Logano has won in every type of car on his quick trip to the Sprint Cup Series. Expect Logano to crack the top 10 in 2011.
Newman, Ryan
Car Owner: Ernie Davis
Sponsor: U.S. Army
Car # 39
Newman grew up racing on dirt won the USAC Silver Crown championship in 1999 setting the stage for his transition to NASCAR. The pilot of the #39 for Stewart-Haas Racing comes back to the Prelude for his sixth consecutive year and looks to rebound from his 16th place finish in 2010.
Schrader, Ken
Car Owner: Ken Schrader
Sponsor: Federated Auto Parts
Car # 9
Schrader is one of only five drivers that will be participating in his seventh Prelude event. After retiring as a fulltime NASCAR driver, Schrader continues to turn laps in just about any vehicle with four wheels. Schrader has posted four top 10s at the Prelude and could be the favorite in 2011.
Children's' medical center Dallas
Almirola, Aric
Car Owner: Clint Smith
Sponsor: TBD
Car # 88
Almirola is a promising young driver who currently pilots the #88 for JR Motorsports in the NASCAR Nationwide Series. Almirola returns for his sixth Prelude after finishing 14th in 2010. Expect Almirola, along with fellow Prelude participant, Justin Allgaier, to challenge for the Nationwide Series title in 2011.
Ambrose, Marcos
Car Owner: J.W. Kinzer
Sponsor: TBD
Car # 9
The two time Australian Supercar champion is now making a name for himself in the United States thanks to back to back Nationwide Series wins at the Watkins Glen road course in 2008 and 2009. Ambrose drives the #9 car for Richard Petty Motorsports in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series. Ambrose returns for his third Prelude after finishing a respectable 14th and 15th in his first two trips to Eldora.
Blaney, Dave
Car Owner: Sanford Goddard
Sponsors: TBD
Car # TBD
Blaney is perhaps the most decorated dirt racer in the field winning championships in both the United State Auto Club (USAC) and the World of Outlaws Series' before pursuing pavement racing at the NASCAR level. Blaney currently fields the #66 car for Prism Motorsports at the NASCAR Sprint Cup level. Blaney returns to Eldora for the Prelude after running up front and finishing 7th in 2010.
Kenseth, Matt
Car Owner: Clint Smith
Sponsor: Blain's Farm & Fleet
Car # 17
The 2003 Spring Cup and 2009 Daytona 500 champion continues to develop as a dirt track driver by running non-asphalt races when his schedule permits. Kenseth is one of only five Prelude drivers to participant in all six events. Kenseth finished a disappointing 18th in 2010.
Stewart, Tony
Car Owner: Mark Richards
Sponsors: Bass Pro Shops, Office Depot, Mobil 1
Car # 14
Stewart enjoyed racing so much at Eldora Speedway he decided to buy the track in 2004. In his first full season of ownership (2005) Stewart unveiled the Prelude and has since won the event three times. Stewart started the 2010 race from the back of the field and finished 6th.
Vickers, Brian
Car Owner: Donald Bradsher
Sponsor: clotconnect.org
Car # 83
Vickers descends upon Eldora Speedway for his second Prelude after finishing a reputable 12th in his 2009 rookie campaign. The Red Bull driver and former NASCAR Nationwide Series champion was forced to skip the 2010 event due to an inury. Expectations are lofty in 2011 for Vickers.
levine children's hospital
Elliott, Bill
Car Owner: Ray Cook
Sponsor: TBD
Car # TBD
Elliott has been become a dirt track fixture since retiring from NASCAR fulltime. The 1988 NASCAR Sprint Cup Champion currently drives the #09 car for Phoenix Racing in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series. Elliott returns to the 2011 Prelude after posting a 10th place finish in last year's event.
Evernham, Ray
Car Owner: Brian Lillie
Sponsor: WIX Filters
Car # 98
Evernham returns to the 2011 Prelude to the Dream for the fifth consecutive time. The former NASCAR Modified Tour driver, turned crew chief, turned car owner, turned track owner looks to improve upon his 17th place finish in 2010 and career best finish of 15th in 2008.
Hamlin, Denny
Car Owner: Billy Moyer
Sponsors: TBD
Car # 11
Hamlin has limited dirt experience, but plenty of late model knowledge running asphalt bullrings in his home state of Virginia. Hamlin had one of the fastest cars in the 2010 Prelude event finishing a respectable 5th. Hamlin continues to drive the #11 car for Joe Gibbs Racing in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series and is expected to contend for the 2011 Championship.
Johnson, Jimmie
Car Owner: Clint Bowyer
Sponsor: Lowe's Home Improvement
Car # 48
The five time defending Sprint Cup Champion visits Eldora for the fourth time after posting his first career Prelude victory in 2010. Johnson domianted the 2010 race leading all 30 laps. He will look for a back to back titles in 2011 racing for car owner, Clint Bowyer.
Pedregon, Cruz
Car Owner: Cruz Pedregon
Sponsor: Snap-On Tools
Car # 75
Pedregon returns to Eldora for the fifth consecutive year. After posting a sixth place in 2009, Pedregon finished a disappointing 25th in 2010. Like Clint Bowyer and Bobby Labonte, Pedregon owns his own late model team and when he isn't racing in straight lines in the NHRA Series, he turns laps on the dirt.
Reutimann, David
Car Owner: Bobby Labonte Racing
Sponsors: TBD
Car # 00
The third generation driver began racing dirt Modifieds throughout his home state of Florida before breaking into the NASCAR Slim Jim All-Pro Series in 1997. Reutimann broke through in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series in 2009 with his first career victory at the 50th Coca-Cola 600. Reutimann looks to rebound from his 21st place finish in 2010.
st. louis children's hospital
Car Owner: TBD
Sponsor: TBD
Car # TBD
The 2008 ARCA Series champion is now making a name for himself in NASCAR driving for Turner Motorsports. He won the 2009 NASCAR Nationwide Series rookie of the year award. Allgaier is far from a rookie on dirt as he grew up racing midgets and late models in the Midwest. Allgaier finished 26th in his inaugural Prelude event after mechanical issues forced him to retire early.
Busch, Kyle
Car Owner: Scott Bloomquist
Sponsor: M&M's
Car # 18
Busch comes back to Eldora for his fifth consecutive Prelude event after a fourth place finish in 2010. Busch has won races in nearly every Series that he has driven. The one exception – the Prelude to the Dream. Busch nearly won in 2007 when he finished 2nd to Carl Edwards and crossed the line third last year in 2009.
Carmichael, Ricky
Car Owner: Mike Dillon
Sponsor: TBD
Car # 4
Ricky Carmichael is returning to Eldora Speedway for only the second time, but he's hardly a neophyte on the dirt. Carmichael is well known for his success on two wheels on the dirt, but recently made the transition to NASCAR and currently drives for Turner Motorsports in the Nationwide Series and Camping World Truck Series.
Kahne, Kasey
Car Owner: Eric Jacobsen
Sponsor: Red Bull
Car # 4
Kahne cut his teeth on the dirt in USAC competition and maintains his dirt track ties by owning a World of Outlaws team. Kahne arrives for his fifth Prelude event as a candidate to win. Kahne currently drives the #4 car for Red Bull Racing in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series.
Labonte, Bobby
Car Owner: Bobby Labonte
Sponsor: Lucas Oil
Car # 44
Labonte returns to Eldora in 2011 for the second consecutive year The former Cup champion looks to improve upon his 12th place finish last year. Similar to Clint Bowyer and Cruz Pedregon, Labonte owns his own dirt late model and expectations for a top 5 finish will be high.
Wallace, Kenny
Car Owner: Brian Shirley
Sponsor: Federated Auto Parts


text:
Freedom New Mexico
This month's announcement by the Federal Reserve Board that it has cut its benchmark overnight federal funds rate, the rate at which banks lend to one another, to a "target range" of between one-quarter percent and zero is both an acknowledgment of reality and a sign of panic.
Since banks, even in the wake of huge infusions of capital from both the Treasury and the Fed, aren't lending much to each other, anyway, the effective interest rate was already close to zero.
By setting its "target" rate at close to zero, the Fed essentially made public that, for the foreseeable future, the traditional method the Fed uses to try to pump up a flagging economy — lowering interest rates to loosen the credit markets — won't work.
Here's where the panic comes in.
At the same time the Fed announced it will adopt what it calls more unconventional means to try to pull the economy out of recession — buying all kinds of credit-based securities, including those based on auto loans and credit cards as well as mortgages — to try to get banks to extend credit more liberally.
The problem with this approach is it is doubling down with the same kinds of policies that helped to create the housing bubble that precipitated the financial panic and the financial crisis and the economic slowdown in the first place. It is a short-term approach that carries significant long-term risks.
Esmael Adibi, who heads the Anderson Center for Economic Research at Chapman University, said printing money and pumping credit into the economy, combined with the big-spending economic "stimulus" a compliant Congress is sure to give incoming President Barack Obama, may spark enough economic activity to reverse economic decline — for a while.
The economic forecast Chapman's Anderson Center just released projects that housing prices are close to their bottom, and the country should start to come out of recession toward the end of next year.
However, since they are paying interest to the Treasury on all that capital Treasury Secretary Hank Paulson has pumped into them, banks will eventually have to start lending. When they do, unless the Fed is especially wise in the way it times its countermoves, the market will be overrun with dubious dollars, and we will face the risk of serious inflation in 2010-11.
That will mean higher interest rates and a weaker dollar, which will make imports (as well as credit and almost everything else) more expensive.
Many commentators see the current recession as a market failure. But the boom-bust cycle was clearly precipitated not by the private market but by government policies. The danger, highlighted by the Fed's acknowledgment that it can do no more with interest rates, is the cycles will become shorter and the government will have less capacity to create artificial prosperity by printing and borrowing money.
Eventually we may decide the Federal Reserve — whose purpose never was to stabilize prices, regardless of what conventional textbooks say, but to facilitate government expansion through "managed" inflation — was a bad idea whose time has passed.
It is impossible to predict, however, how many more boom-bust cycles it will take before this becomes conventional wisdom.


text:
Address 11145 Brandywine Lake Way
Boynton Beach, Florida 33437
United States
Boynton Beach, Florida 33437
United States
|Law School
|Washburn University School of Law
|Most recent firm
|Parkson Corporation, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
|Relevant Jobs
Litigation Associate
USA-FL-Fort Lauderdale
Bressler's Ft. Lauderdale offices seek a Litigation Associate with 3 to 7 years' experience for its Insurance Defense practice. Litigation experience is required and background in first-party property...
Apply now
Growing Health Law practice in the Orlando market with an excellent client base and a fast-paced environment seeks diligent, detail-oriented, driven and highly motivated Attorney with experience for a...
Apply now
Assistant, General Counsel - M&a
Assistant, General Counsel - M&A The candidate will serve as the principal attorney supporting the Company's global M&A and strategic investment activities. Will work with the Company's Business ...
Apply now
|+ View more jobs
A. Harrison Barnes is a well-known attorney throughout the United States. As a member of the Malibu community, Harrison is committed to serving the needs of Malibu residents and businesses in legal matters.


text: Life-Flo prides itself on bringing you the wonders of nature with scientifically formulated products found across the globe, from the deep waters of the Antarctic to the exotic terrain of New Zealand. Best known for their naturally-formulated Progesta-Care formulas, Life-Flo also produces essential hair, skin and nail formulas as well as products for sexual health and women's health. Life-Flo products are manufactured in their own facility and feature organic ingredients. They focus on products made without harsh chemicals (parabens), artificial colors and artificial flavors.


text:
Rando dropped as Shohola UDC rep
January 3, 2012 —
At their organizational meeting, the Shohola Township supervisors approved the appointment of Patricia Jeffers, a woman owning 300 acres along the river in Shohola, as the township's Upper Delaware Council (UDC) representative, in place of Scott Rando, who has represented the township on the UDC council for four years.
"It's time for a change," said Greg Hoeper, who made the motion in favor of Jeffers. "She is a strong proponent of property rights," he said.
When Hoeper and George J. Fluhr, chairman of the township board, were asked to clarify their position, Fluhr said, "There's a dispute going on at the Upper Delaware Council between those in favor of excessive regulation and those in favor of property rights. We feel that Jeffers comes down in the middle of the dispute, since she is strong in working for the environment and strong for property rights."
Rando had been nominated vice chairman of the UDC for 2012.


text:
La Banda Rooftop Hostel
Why should you stay with us?
We have the best location in the city. We have an incredible rooftop hangout with stunning views of the cathedral. We have big family dinner parties every night on the roof. We love showing people our side of Seville, and our personal favourite spots to eat, drink and chill.
La Banda was dreamt up 8 years ago by 2 brothers and 2 best friends from the UK whilst travelling in Latin America. Our concept is simple La Banda = the gang of friends. This is the vibe that we strive to create in every aspect of the hostel. From the moment you enter, you become part of La Banda. Our clientele are young, open-minded travellers with a passion for people, music and culture. If this sounds like you, then we would love you to come and be part of our Andalusian adventure.
The hostel:
Our fresh, modern family home has three great spaces:
• A funky reception lounge, themed on our favourite music and art from around the world. We've got breakfast, board games, free computers, free wifi, and someone around 24 hrs a day to help you out.
• A fantastic kitchen, with great utensils, lots of cooking space and food storage.
• A laidback rooftop garden where we get together for paellas, family meals, themed nights, mojitos, drinking games and giant JENGA!
• Clean, modern rooms with free lockers, free padlocks and bed linen.
• Amazing free walking tours with young, passionate, English speaking guides who seriously know their stuff.
• We can help you see the best flamenco in the city, eat the best tapas, and see the sights other tourists don't know about.
• Every night there is a bar crawl with only the best backpackers in the city.
This is not a corporate chain hostel. We are an intimate, down-to-earth group of mates who love travelling and socialising. Come be a part of it!
Check in: 13.00
Check out: 11.00
Credit card facilities
Cancellations must be notified to the hostel directly at least 48 hours prior to arrival not later than 12am. In the event of a cancellation, the booking deposit and booking fee are non-refundable.
Easter (13-20 abril) Feria (5 – 12 May). During semana santa and Feria de abril, cancellations less than 7 days prior to your arrival will incur a charge of 100% to the amount of your booking.
Availability & RatesTo view availability and prices please select dates and click 'Update Dates'
Hostel Facilities & Policies
- 24 Hour Reception
- 24 Hour Security
- Age Restriction
- Air Conditioning
- Bicycle hire
- Book Exchange
- Free Breakfast
- Common Room
- Credit Cards Accepted
- Elevator
- Free City Maps
- Free Internet Access
- Free WiFi
- Hair Dryers
- Hot Showers
- Internet Access
- Jobs Board
- Self-Catering Facilities
- Laundry Facilities
- Linen Included
- Security Lockers
- Meals Available
- No Curfew
- Outdoor Terrace
- Steam Room
- Taxes included
- Tea & Coffee Making Facilities
- Tours/Travel Desk
- Towels For Hire
- Washing Machine
Cancellation PolicyThis property has a 2 day cancellation policy. Failure to cancel within this time will result in a cancellation charge equal to the first night of your stay.
Must-Read Hostel InfoThis property has specific Terms & Conditions.
Check in: 13.00
Check out: 11.00
Credit card facilities
We require a valid ID or passport for each guest checking in. No copies, no driving license, no student cards accepted.
We do NOT accept guests under the age of 18 years old. Any bookings with children under the age of 18, will be refused accommodation and we will be unable to refund if you have have failed to inform us within 48 hours of arrival.
Cancellations must be notified to the hostel directly at least 48 hours prior to arrival not later than 12am. In the event of a cancellation, the booking deposit and booking fee are non-refundable and you will be charged the first night of your stay.
Groups of over 6 people must contact directly with the hostel before booking.
DirectionsShow MapHide Map
Address: Calle Dos de Mayo 16.
From the Airport
-By bus: There is only one bus from the airport to the city (EA Bus, 4euros one way, pay driver). You should get off at the Torre de Oro on Avenida Paseo Colon. From here find an electric bike shop called E-Paseo (21 Paseo Colon) and turn down the road (away from the river). This is Calle Dos de Mayo. We are about 200metres down on the left, Number 16.
-By taxi: A taxi to la Banda Rooftop Hostel will cost around 25 - 30 euros, plus an extra charge for luggage.
From the bus Stations
-Bus Station Prado de San Sebastian: This bus station is around 15 minutes walking from the hostel (or 2 minutes tram ride - get off at the Archivos de Indias stop). Come out of the bus station onto Avenida Carlos V. Cross over the roundabout onto Calle San Fernando (a pedestrianized road with tram). Follow San Fernando and the tramway onto Avenida Constitucion. Just after the post office/ oficina de correos, take the road to your left. Follow this road down through the archway on the right. You are on Calle Dos de Mayo. We are number 16. 100meters on your right!
- From the Bus Station Plaza de Armas: This bus station is located very close to our hostel, around 15 minutes walking. When you come out of the bus station you need to take Arjona St in the direction of the bullring (plaza de toros). Continue straight onto Paseo Colon Avenue. Once on Paseo Colon turn left down the fifth street (the river is on your right side, on the corner is an electric bike shop called E-Paseo). This is Calle Dos de Mayo. We are about 200metres down on the left, Number 16.
In case your bag is too heavy you can take a taxi around 5 euros plus an extra charge for luggage
From Train Station Santa Justa
-By Bus: Take the bus number 21 to Torre del Oro on Paseo Colon. From here find an electric bike shop called E-Paseo (21 Paseo Colon) and turn down the road (away from the river). This is Calle Dos de Mayo. We are about 200metres down on the left, Number 16.
-By Taxi: A taxi to La Banda Rooftop Hostel from Santa Justa Train Station will cost around 10 Euro, plus an extra charge for luggage.
Located Near
The hostel is 2 minutes walk from the Cathedral, Royal Palace and Plaza de Toros. We are 10 minutes walk from the main bus stations, and under five minutes walk from the airport bus stop. Better location? Impossible!


text:
Fujifilm's 12.5-megapixel S5 Pro digital SLR combines the extended dynamic range capabilities of Fujifilm's Super CCD SR sensor with a solid body and functions closely related to the Nikon D200.
Fujifilm S5 Pro Review
Increasing Quality Not Pixels
This is arguably what all DSLR manufacturers should now be concentrating on – maybe holding back on cramming ever increasing numbers of ever-smaller pixels into the same surface area, in order to pursue expanded dynamic range and improved sharpness and resolution instead. But is Fujifilm really taking us into a 'brave new world' of image-making with the S5 Pro? Or is the company simply trying to re-invent an already established wheel?
More info:
Fujifilm S5 Pro design and performance
Fujifilm S5 Pro image quality and value for money
Fujifilm S5 Pro specifications
Compare the Fujifilm S5 Pro with other DSLRs
In terms of its features, the S5 Pro is an entirely different beast from the S3 Pro. Numerous differences separate the two, some of which have been driven by Nikon (unsurprisingly, given the S5's D200 origins), but many technology-based enhancements come from the Fuji side of the fence
Redeisgned Sensor, New Engine
Perhaps the most fundamental difference is in terms of the light-recording technology, with a redesigned sensor and new processing engine clearly differentiating the new model from the old. No longer described as 'Super CCD SR II', the S5 Pro uses the latest 23 x 15.5mm Super CCD SR Pro imaging chip, with 6.17 million 'S' pixels and 6.17 million 'R' pixels delivering a combined resolution of 12.34mp – or images measuring up to 4256 x 2848 pixels in size.
'S' and 'R' Pixels Explained
As with previous incarnations of the SR sensor, the larger, octagonal 'S' pixels are the primary light-gathering source, and once they have reached their full charge capacity ('pure white' in image terms) the smaller 'R' pixels act as an 'overflow', continuing to record detail in the highlights that would otherwise be lost. In this way the S5 Pro's dynamic range can be increased by up to two stops (a 100-400% range) with six manually selectable levels available or a camera-based automatic option.
The sensor also has a new low pass filter array that Fuji claims will reduce moiré and noise, and to further combat image noise the S5 Pro houses a new processing engine, dubbed 'Real Photo (RP) Processor Pro'. One of the key features of the RP Processor Pro is its use of a two-stage noise-reduction process, which is adapted to each colour channel. One stage tackles low-frequency noise and the other targets high-frequency noise to deliver the finest possible results. This has enabled Fuji to boost the S5 Pro's maximum ISO to 3200.
Nikon D200 Features
However, not all of the S5's improvements are solely down to Fuji's R&D department. As the camera is based on the Nikon D200, the S5 inherits a similar set of 'photographic' features, including an 11-point AF system (up from a 5-point system on the S3) offering single or group selection of the AF points. The Nikon base also means that – like all Fuji's previous 'S' models – the S5 Pro uses a Nikon F lens mount, with the sub-35mm sensor giving a 1.5x focal length magnification.
Shooting Modes
As for shooting modes, the S5 Pro is aimed at the more experienced or professional user, so program, aperture priority, shutter priority and manual are on hand, with Raw, JPEG and simultaneous Raw/JPEG capture possible. Helping you achieve the correct exposure – whichever mode or format you're using – comes down to metering patterns comprising Nikon's 3D Colour Matrix Metering II, a variable-sized centre-weighted pattern and spot metering, with ±5EV exposure compensation available if the metered exposure doesn't match your expectations.
White Balance
The S5 Pro's white balance system is equally comprehensive, with the expected automatic option joined by nine presets (including five for different types of fluorescent lighting) and a manual colour temperature option that lets you set the white point from 2500-10000K. There's also the option to fine-tune the white balance.
Further control over the colour comes from a choice of Adobe RGB and sRGB colour spaces, as well as an expanded choice of 'film simulation' modes including four subtle 'F1' variations for natural, colour negative style skin tones, plus a saturated, Velvia slide film-esque 'F2' setting. These are in addition to a 'standard' colour mode and all can be further customised in terms of colour, tone and sharpness, rounding off a particularly comprehensive feature set.
Design And Performance
Nikon in Fujifilm Clothes?
It would be easy to say that the S5 Pro is simply a Nikon D200 in Fujifilm clothing, but there's no other way of describing it. But this is no bad thing – after all, the D200 was WDC's '£1000+ DSLR of the Year 2006', scoring an impressive 90% overall, including 18/20 for its design. From the rugged magnesium alloy body to the weatherproof seals, the camera (be it a D200 or S5 Pro) is clearly made to a 'pro' specification.
In terms of its overall handling it's essentially the same as the Nikon D200 the S5 Pro is significantly smaller and lighter than the S3 Pro as it loses the built-in grip (which not everyone wants or needs). It also gains a Lithium-Ion battery, which is great given that the S3 Pro relied on AA cells that always seemed to expire at the worst possible time.
Quick Format
In addition to sharing the same physical size and shape, the S5 Pro retains much of the D200's control layout, with front and rear control wheels for setting the shutter speed/aperture and changing settings. We like this arrangement and the fact that the S5 Pro has the same two-button format option where pressing the 'delete' and 'mode' buttons simultaneously, releasing them and then pressing again formats your card. It sounds convoluted when written, but it's far quicker and easier than remembering which page of which menu the format option hides under.
Other benefits of using an existing, 'winning' design are the bright viewfinder, with its easy-to-read green LCD readout and 95% coverage and a 230,000 pixel, 2.5in rear LCD. If there was one thing (other than the batteries) we disliked about the S3 Pro it was the secondary rear LCD that accessed various features – much like the Canon EOS 300D and 350D. With the single 2.5in screen this is no longer necessary and the handling is all the more streamlined for it.
One noticeable difference between the Nikon D200 and the S5 Pro in terms of their designs – the 'face zoom in' button on the S5 that replaces the conventional zoom option for enlarging images. How useful this will be to you largely depends on the type of photography you do, but if you're a 'people person' a quick press of this button on playback zooms the image to someone's face so you can check their eyes are open or they're in focus, say. If you have multiple faces in a frame then a second press of the face zoom button takes you to the next person's visage, and so on. A maximum of 10 faces can be put under the magnifier in this way – handy for small groups, but less so for extravagant wedding parties – and, provided that your subject is looking straight on at the camera, it does the job.
Buffer Lag
However, it's not always going to be as easy as taking a shot, pressing the 'face zoom' button and getting the image on screen in an instant, because the S5 Pro isn't the quickest of cameras when it comes to tidying away files on the memory card – especially if you shoot uncompressed (approx. 25Mb) Raw images. Despite a more powerful processor that's claimed to deliver faster processing and playback shooting, Raw does tie up the S5 Pro somewhat. Though you can carry on taking shots (at up to 3fps at standard dynamic range and up to 1.5fps at 130%+ D-range), the S5 Pro locks you out of the menu system and prevents playback until the buffer is clear, so if you want to quickly check a shot you have to wait a little while.
Sluggish AF
The AF, too, isn't one of its strong points but this is not really Fuji's fault as the system has been inherited rather than developed in-house. It's accurate and there aren't many occasions when it will struggle to lock on to the subject, but it isn't quite as 'instant' as I'd like, even with a fast lens.
Live View
For studio photographers, the S5 Pro does have another trick up its sleeve to help you achieve 'perfect' focus – a live view LCD. Once activated, the mirror flips out of the way and you can use the rear 2.5in screen to compose and focus your image, in colour or black and white. This is a great aid if you focus manually, though if you rely on the AF system it isn't quite as useful. Nor will it help if you're shooting subjects that are more mobile as you have to reset the mirror to shoot, so you lose the benefit of the live view. However, for studio still-life it could definitely help.
Image Quality And Value For Money
Exposure and White Balance
In terms of white balance and exposure accuracy there's little to complain about, although when left to its own devices the automatic WB tends to err on the slightly cold side of things in overcast conditions. The 3D Colour Matrix Metering deals consistently with most scenes, although Fuji seems to have kept Nikon's metering algorithms because it appears to be calibrated to underexpose ever so slightly – maybe by 1/3 of a stop. This is not a bad thing though, as it helps prevent highlights from blowing out.
Dynamic Range
However, when you crank up the D-range from 'standard' (100%) to 400% things get more interesting. At this point the highlights in the image rarely meet the end of the histogram – even with high-contrast scenes – showing that every single pixel contains image-forming information. A quick levels tweak in Photoshop and you have a full tonal range in each and every image, with no 'lost' detail.
It's not all positive though, and Fuji's claim that 6.17 million 'S' pixels plus 6.17 million 'R' pixels equals 12.34 million effective pixels is perhaps – how shall I put this – a little optimistic. I'm not suggesting that Fuji is wrong, but the final interpolated images – in terms of detail and clarity of the picture – are no better than most ten-million-pixel DSLRs, with a slight overall softness and 'mushy' detail areas.
Noise Control
Yet when it comes to the perennial question of noise there's a marked improvement, and starting with the worst-case scenario – ISO 3200 – it's clear to see that Fuji's new two-stage noise-reduction processing works. At the maximum ISO setting there's very little chroma (colour) noise, leaving slight luminosity texture that only appears in A3 prints – at an A4 print size it's negligible.
As this suggests, reducing the ISO setting makes for very pleasing image enlargements, with fine A3 prints achievable at ISO 800 and anything below that better still.
Value For Money
If the S5 Pro was priced around £1000 it would undoubtedly appeal as a D200 alternative, but at the time of writing there's around a £250 difference. This largely comes down to one thing – the Super CCD SR Pro sensor. If you really want (or need) the extended dynamic range then that's the price you'l have to pay.
With four portrait-orientated colour modes Fujifilm is clearly targeting the wedding and social photographer, and the S5 Pro?s extended dynamic range will certainly help tackle the common ?black suit/white dress? exposure nightmare. But is the S5 Pro fast enough? Any delay in shooting is unwelcome and after a while having to wait for the buffer to clear before you can review the image and check that eyes are open etc, is not only time consuming, but also a little embarrassing.
Accept that and the Fujifilm S5 Pro is an otherwise fine camera, with its low noise levels and extended dynamic range producing smooth, clean images with the minimum of fuss, even if we're not convinced that they?re ?true? 12 million pixel ones?


text:
Lighter Layer Cakes
There are several reasons to take the time to make a homemade cake. First, flavor, texture, and pride. Second, a majestic layer cake puts the exclamation point on a holiday table and doubles as a stunning centerpiece for your dessert buffet. Third, this impressive production actually has big make-ahead potential: You can bake layers up to a month ahead and freeze them, and most fillings and frostings can be made in advance, too. All you need to do is thaw and assemble the day before. Finally, our light cakes really do save on calories and fat—no small thing, especially during the holidays. There are, naturally, a few tricks to coaxing great taste and texture from a cake that leans less heavily on butter and sugar. Here, the secrets are revealed. (Looking for recipes? Find 11 Luscious Layer Cake Recipes)


text:
Clean watersDecember 12,2012Enforcement of state stormwater regulations is likely to some Vermont towns and cities significant money as they take steps to halt the pollution of the states waterways.
It has been a long time in coming, but at this point more aggressive control of stormwater pollution is inevitable. One visible reason is the continuing pollution afflicting Lake Champlain into which most of the waters on the western side of the state flow. Algae blooms, fed by the influx of phosphorous, have continued to choke the lake, damaging its value as a natural resource and a tourist attraction.
Gov. James Douglas took steps to clean up Lake Champlain, devoting millions of dollars mainly to help farmers implement measures to avert runoff from their fields. Nonpoint pollution, as it is called, occurs when fertilizer or manure is washed into streams from the fields. Farmers who plant buffers along stream banks and take other steps to avoid damaging runoff are an important component of any program to avert pollution in the Champlain watershed and elsewhere.
But Douglas demurred from strong action against other sources of stormwater pollution, such as municipal sewage treatment plants that are inadequate to the task. These would be costly to cities and towns, and Douglas wanted to address farm runoff first.
Now the Shumlin administration has issued a stormwater permit requiring 13 entities to upgrade their programs for handling stormwater. These include Rutland City and Town, St. Albans City and Town, Burlington, South Burlington Colchester, Winooski, Williston, Essex, Milton, Shelburne, the University of Vermont, Burlington International Airport and the state Agency of Transportation.
Stormwater is the water that runs off roofs, parking lots, roads and other surfaces into the states waterways. Municipal sewage treatment plants may handle some of it, but much of it flows directly into streams and lakes. On its way, it sweeps a toxic brew of gasoline, oil and other pollutants into our waters.
The measures required by the Department of Environmental Conservation could cost as much as $100 million. Some of the measures used to contain and handle stormwater include ponds for impoundment of water as well as upgrades to treatment plants. A public works official in St. Albans Town said improvements there would cost millions. Evan Pilachowski, public works commissioner in Rutland City, said upgrades in Rutland would be a challenge.
It is a challenge worth taking on. The state has accepted a level of environmental responsibility that it cannot shirk. We profess to value the environment, but if that is true, we cannot throw up our hands helplessly when confronted with the reality of the pollution we are creating.
The first wave of environmental cleanup in the country attacked the obvious sources of pollution: the factories and sewers that were spewing filth into our rivers and lakes. These measures were costly, but few would dispute that they were worth the cost.
Still, our industrialized society had other sources of polluting chemicals and waste that were less easily identifiable. These included our roadways and farm fields, our parking lots and rooftops. The pollution coming from these sources is real even if less concentrated. By the time it collects in Lake Champlain, it is concentrated enough that it is despoiling one of our great natural resources.
The Legislature will be debating ways to help fund the cleanup. It has spent millions on Douglass initial efforts to clean up the lake. Providing loans or other sources of money will not be throwing good money after bad; it will be throwing good money after good. The job is not done. The state is not New Jersey, which means that steps to contain pollution will not prove to be as onerous as they would be if the problem is ignored and the state becomes more like New Jersey.
Nothing against New Jersey but Vermont has a different identity. It is not part of the nations industrial heartland. It is a rural state with urban centers that must remain vital without doing serious harm to the states cherished natural resources.MORE IN CommentarySure, you can buy your uncle a necktie that he wont wear, or your niece an Amazon certificate... Full StoryA lot of serious long-term national issues simply werent addressed in the recent national election. Full StoryI have written on the anomaly of the separation of the private and public sectors in our society,... Full Story
- Most Popular
- Most Emailed


text:
Federal special education cuts softened, but only for this year
Recent education cuts brought on March's federal budget sequestration won't harm special education programs in Michigan as much as originally projected — at least not this year, according to the state Department of Education.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act funding for Michigan's special education progress was cut by 5 percent, or $22 million, after Congress was unable to find a budget solution to avoid sequestration.
However, the Michigan Department of Education's Office of Special Education has been able to cobble together $10 million through a combination of budget carryovers and other revenue sources, the MIRS newsletter reported this week. That money will go directly to intermediate school districts to help support local special education programs.
There's no cause for celebration, though, as ISDs will still receive at least $12 million less than they did last year for special education. In addition, the $10 million the state pulled together is a one-time partial fix; no one yet knows what will happen next year.
Eleanor White, director of the state Office of Special Education, told MIRS that her office is paying "very close attention to what's happening at the federal government."
"We know that sequestration could continue, and that we could experience another cut next year," White said.


text:
Deputy Lt. John Davis of the Bee County Sheriff's Office said last week that he had received two calls from intended victims that day alone.
He and Police Chief Joe Treviño said they are receiving numerous complaints regarding scams in which someone with a Spanish accent is calling and could cost the victims hundreds of dollars.
Also, the intended victims usually have Spanish names.
In each of the incidents, the caller has claimed that he know a family member who has been involved in an accident and has no insurance.
The caller seems to always know the names of several family members or family friends when he calls.
Davis said one intended victim he spoke to said the caller told him a younger relative had hit a little girl with a car he was driving, and the girl had to be rushed to a hospital in Corpus Christi.
The caller said he would need $800 in cash to pay in advance for the hospital care.
Davis said one caller asked the intended victim to go to the local Walmart where he would meet the victim and take the money.
But before the intended victim could get to the store, he was contacted again and asked to simply go into the store and purchase a money order that could wired to a recipient.
The victim already had realized the call was a potential scam and had contacted police.
Treviño said that, at first, he had suggested that the intended victim make the delivery and officers would converge on the recipient and make an arrest.
The one element of the scheme that assures the intended victim that the call is legitimate is the fact that the caller knows the names and relationships of the intended victim's family members.
Davis said investigators have learned that a lot of the scam artists who attempt to steal from individuals actually are former convicts who end up working in call centers around the country.
That allows them access to some personal information, including the names of some family members and other information regarding addresses and neighboring cities and towns.
"We don't think it's local," Davis said.
But the number of such calls definitely is increasing. Davis and Treviño said they are being contacted by several intended victims here a week.
Both officers said that whatever anyone who receives such a call does, it is better to take time in responding to such a request.
"Do not run out, buy a money order and have it wired to the recipient the caller requests," Davis said.
If a call seems suspicious, the intended victim should contact either the Beeville Police Department of Bee County Sheriff's Office promptly to report the incident.
Because the caller tries to convince the intended victim that he knows the family, investigators recommend that the intended victim call some of those relatives and confirm the situation.
Also, try to get a return phone number, so the caller can be contacted later. Even though one caller who contacted an intended victim last week left a number that had been disconnected, any number might help police to find the caller.
If a caller wants to meet somewhere locally to take delivery of the money requested, immediately contact the police or sheriff's office and follow their instructions.
They might be able to catch the thief in the act.
Gary Kent is a reporter at the Bee-Picayune and can be reached at 358-2550, ext. 120, or at email@example.com.


text:
Main Content
This item ships within three business days.
$4.99 flat rate shipping. See other shipping options.
Thanks to the Internet and social media, everyone always posts about how wonderful and great the weather is when it gets chilly. Instead of sitting on your computer talking about it, you can bust out this Watson trench jacket from Hurley and head out to enjoy the drop in temperature! This waxed canvas jacket features a contrast-colored removable hood, two front pockets and a super soft satin lining. The epaulets and tonal buttons on the front add a pop of feminine flair to make you stand out. You got this jacket for a reason, so head outside and show it off! Then, later on, you can post a status about how many compliments you got on it.
- Waxed canvas
- Epaulet accents
- Imported
- Two front pockets
- Removable contrast-colored hood
- Jersey and satin lining
- Buttoned front
- Tonal, embroidered brand logo near bottom left hem
- 100% Cotton fabric
- Made in the USA
- Brand: Hurley
Other Customers also liked:
Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


text:
The Chris4Life Colorectal Cancer Resource Guide
This guide is a multi-media resource DVD which is designed to provide recently diagnosed patients with information from other patients, doctors, survivors, nurses, and social workers. These individuals speak directly to the patient from their personal experiences to provide answers and insights into what the patient may expect during their treatment and care. This one of a kind resource helps the patient navigate through subject matter associated with a recent colorectal cancer diagnosis. It addresses what the patient can expect physically as well as the emotional, personal and day-to-day issues from the viewpoint of those who have been touched by the disease personally.
If you would like to help us get this DVD shipped out to cancer centers, hospitals, doctors offices and patients free of charge or you would just like to make a donation please CLICK HERE.
Chapter 4: Managing Side Effects and Recurrence
Chapter 4: Managing Side Effects and Recurrence - Explains how to manage side effects after surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, coping after surgery, and pain management.All Videos in the Chris4Life Colorectal Cancer Resource Guide:
Defines colorectal cancer and talks about what to expect after a cancer diagnosis. This chapter also will provide a guide on how to utilize the internet, how family history, and Lynch Syndrome affects your loved ones.
► Play This Chapter
Discusses building your own healthcare team, ensuring you and your healthcare team communicate effectively, asking questions and keeping a journal of what the doctors say, bringing someone to your doctor's appoint, and reaching out to others: remember that you're not alone.
► Play This Chapter
Talks about treatment options, the four stages of Colorectal Cancer and the treatment for each and explains what is meant by clinical trials.
► Play This Chapter
Explains how to manage side effects after surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, coping after surgery, and pain management.
► Play This Chapter
Discusses the emotional impact on you, your family and friends, and the effect on your children and your spiritual life. It speaks about how to handle relationships; single, married or in a relationship, and the impact that cancer will have on your sex life. Are you the caregiver? Do you know what emotions you will experience and how to deal with them? The information contained in this chapter will help you recognize and deal with these emotions. This chapter reinforces how both the patient and caregiver need to take care of themselves and to remember to Live Your Life.
► Play This Chapter
The Other Side of Cancer and Inspirational Messages - Chapter six addresses the pragmatic topics of how to manage your career and finances and the importance of reaching out to colorectal cancer organizations. And finally, chapter six provides inspirational messages from others with a direct connection to this disease.
► Play This Chapter
Get the Resource DVD
Get a free copy of the Chris4Life Colorectal Cancer Resource Guide:
Are you at Risk For Colorectal Cancer?
- 2nd leading cause of cancer deaths for men and women combined
- Colonoscopies not only discover cancer, but can also stop cancer
- 50% of Americans still do not get colonoscopy reimbursement
- Colon cancer research is still vastly under-funded


text:
WORKHORSE: Combi ovens can perform many cooking tasks. SPEED: Top-notch combi ovens like these save space and cook dozens of items well. Only a few years ago combi ovens were an exotic hybrid found in only "gold-plated" kitchens. Today their popularity has grown so much that they are commonplace in many types of operations. If you ask a chef to name the most productive pieces of equipment in his or her kitchen, invariably the combination oven/steamer is singled out at the top of ...
Register to view this Article
WhyRegisterfor FREE?
Registering for Premium Content on Food Management will give youINSTANTaccess to invaluable articles and media content that industry professionals rely on. You will have access to our special reports, feature articles, and industry analysis. It'sFREE, easy and quick.


text:
Charles Darwin returns home, Gandhi is born, "Peanuts" is published for the first time, Thurgood Marshall becomes the first black justice on the Supreme Court, and the Beltway sniper attacks begin, all on this day.
1942: The RMS Queen Mary accidentally sinks one of her escort ships, slicing through the light cruiser HMS Curacoa off the Irish coast with a loss of 239 lives. The Queen Mary, seen here in 1945 arriving in New York City, was carrying thousands of American troops of the 29th Infantry Division to join the Allied forces in Europe at the time.


text:
-skyrim very long story >.<
-nunsg very fun online gameply
Max Payne 1. (After I finished re-playing that, I'll re-play Max Payne 2)
Just to get the Max Payne-feel again before playing the 3rd. ;D
Tekken 4. ;'D
Mass Effect 3
- Pretty much just started this morning before college/work; currently on Mars (:
Finished re-playing Max Payne yesterday, gonna start with Max Payne 2 now.
Only 4 more days, yes!
WWE '12. My wrestling buz has hit me hard.
Mortal Kombat Komplete Edition
The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings/Minecraft: X-box edition.
Finished prototype 2, playin BF3
does anyone had play naruto game in facebook before?
Alan Wake
Still playing Mass Effect 3, moreso the online portion however.
-Loving it so far, despite a few lag issues and connectivity problems here and there. (:
-Replaying Kingdoms of Amalur as a mage.
-Diablo 3
-Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings
Diablo III - wizard, demon hunter
There aren't really that many videogames that keep me interested on them, but now I've been playing Enemy territory for about 5 years and won't stop playing it in the near future.
-CoD Black Ops
-Red Dead Redemption
Max Payne 3.
Sega Mega Drive : Sonic The Hedgehog
Re : Orc
Naruto uns 2
Forum Rules


text:
ISBE Education Priorities Update
Here are a few highlights of some of the work done in the last month. The complete Board Priority Report is available through the State Board's Communications division. State Board staff is also working to make the report available on the web, at www.isbe.net under "Calendars and Meetings."
Early Learning Initiative (Birth through 8):
Reading and Mathematics:
Schools in Academic Difficulty:
Quality Educators:


text:
PITTSBURGH, PA (December 8, 2010) – Nine airlines reported increases in traffic at Pittsburgh International Airport (www.FlyPittsburgh.com) in October 2010 as more than 753,737 scheduled passengers traveled through the airport according to the October 2010 Scheduled Airline Traffic Report. Passenger traffic is up 6.4 percent for October 2010 compared to October 2009 (753,737 in October 2010/708,200 in October 2009; 6.4 percent) and is up 1.1 percent year-to-date compared to 2009 (6,806,968/6,730,956; 1.1 percent).
It is the seventh consecutive month commercial scheduled traffic has increased at the airport. It is the eighth consecutive month overall traffic has shown an increase (overall traffic includes chartered air service).
Among the nine airlines which reported increases in traffic for the month was U.S Airways, which reported a 7.2 percent increase in traffic (209,756/195,646; 7.2 percent). The increase equates to a gain of more than 14,000 passengers, which is the largest total passenger increase for an airline in October.
Other airlines that reported higher passenger traffic were: Southwest (135,825/133,111; 2.0 percent), United (79,212/77,748; 1.9 percent), AirTran (62,153/53,350; 16.5 percent); Continental (49,580/47,009; 5.5 percent); American (44,396/35,698; 24.4 percent); JetBlue (25,161; 16,117; 56.1 percent); Air Canada (4,750/3,690; 28.7 percent); Myrtle Beach Direct Air (3,247/2,685; 20.9 percent).
"Passengers are taking advantage of the choices of airlines and the lower fares at Pittsburgh International Airport," said Bradley D. Penrod, Executive Director and CEO of the Allegheny County Airport Authority.
Those airlines that reported decreases in passenger traffic for October 2010 compared to October 2009 include: Delta (121,214/127,985; 5.3 percent decrease), USA 3000 (6,009/7,452; 19.4 percent), and Frontier/Midwest (5,755/7,709; 25.3 percent). SkyWest, which began operations in December 2009, reported 6,679 passengers in October 2010.


text:
You have been successfully logged out.
just book it!
Extended Perks members now have exclusive access to one-click booking! Save time by just clicking the Just Book It! link under your desired room rate to instantly reserve your room!
It's hard to believe that the leading business of Southern California was once cattle. By the early 1900s, however, the area's largest industry was agriculture, namely citrus fruit. By the 1950s, improvements on interstate travel, a growing aerospace industry and the opening of Disneyland in 1955 further altered the area's appearance. Other amusements and businesses followed. Orange County, famous for its citrus groves, was forever after a key tourist destination. If you're looking for Orange County hotels, Extended Stay America has several great places to stay, each offering exceptional rates.
Today, Orange County is an assortment of beaches, amusement parks, ball parks and other sundry tourist hot spots. Many people rightfully associate the county with sunshine, Disneyland and world-class beaches. Nonetheless, this expansive piece of real estate has a great deal more to offer.
Along with other Orange County entertainment spots, Disneyland remains a key destination, and tourists from around the world flock to Anaheim to experience it. Knott's Berry Farm is also in Anaheim, and it is equally as entertaining. Knott's Berry Farm, in operation since 1928, is a family-oriented theme park that offers visitors a well-rounded experience with fast roller coasters and amusements for younger crowds. With an exact replica of Independence Hall, as well as other historical features and a focus on down-home hospitality, Knott's touts itself as "America's first theme park."
Orange County is also well known for its sandy beaches. Orange County is primarily a conservative, financially wealthy pocket of Southern California. The area is quite literally a playground for those who want to enjoy the easy life. Newport Beach and Huntington Beach are two hot destinations for sun bunnies and surfer dudes. And, on any given day, one can find all kinds of people enjoying any number of the area's forty miles of beaches.
Orange County has no particular urban epicenter. Nonetheless, that does not mean that it lacks the typical accouterments of urban living; these features are simply just a little more laid-back here. For example, boardwalks like the one found in Laguna Beach are a great place to promenade and enjoy the area's biggest assets: fun, sun and sand. Laguna Beach is also well regarded as nurturing the area's hottest artist colony. Their work is often displayed right on the boardwalk, at the Laguna Art Museum and at the Orange County Museum of Art. While the Laguna Art Museum boasts an impressive array of historical and contemporary art, the latter focuses its exhibits around an extensive collection of art from the twentieth century.
For the traveler who is in the area on business, the idea of "getting away from it all" is very appealing. Locals often hang out at Upper Newport Bay where they can explore miles of native California plants and animal life. This is also a great spot to enjoy recreational activities such as hiking and boating. Overall, it provides ample opportunities to get away from the droves of tourists in Anaheim.
Once settled by Spanish missionaries, the area also has a diverse and interesting heritage. A visit to the Mission San Juan Capistrano, Orange County's only Spanish settlement, is a great opportunity to reflect on the region's interesting Native American past and Spanish history. The Old Towne Historic District in the City of Orange, on the other hand, offers visitors a glimpse into the area's non-tourist past from the late 1800s to the 1940s. Visitors will, no doubt, realize that there is simply more to Orange County than they originally thought.
Overall, Orange County has a vibrant artistic atmosphere, as well as a slew of destinations that allow visitors to escape into nature. The county's historical significance is also well worth the trip. In the end, Orange County has a great deal to offer the tourist who plans to stay for a while or the business traveler who enjoys a variety of options outside of the conference room.
If you are looking for Orange County hotel rooms offering comfort and convenience, Extended Stay America has you covered.


text:
Journal article | 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences | 240000 Physical Sciences
Home List of Titles Principal characteristics of turbulent gas-particulate flow in the vicinity of single tube and tube bundle structure
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/22025
- Title
- Principal characteristics of turbulent gas-particulate flow in the vicinity of single tube and tube bundle structure
- Author(s)
- Morsi, Yosry S.; Tu, J. Y.; Yeo, G. H.; Yang, W.
- Abstract
- In this paper the particle rebounding characteristics of a gas–particle flow over a cylindrical body and an in-line tube bundle arrangement is investigated. With the aid of both experimental and numerical approaches, the mean particulate flow patterns, comprising both incident and rebound particles resulting from the impact of particles on solid walls, are examined. In the experimental investigation, a two-dimensional laser-Doppler anemometry (LDA) technique is used in the immediate vicinity of the body surface to measure the instantaneous incident and rebound particle velocities. The Reynolds-averaging Navier–Stokes equations are solved for the continuum gas phase and the results are used in conjunction with a Lagrangian trajectory model to predict the particle-rebound characteristics. For the single tube model, the experimental observations, also confirmed through computations, reveal a particle rebound zone where the mean particulate flow pattern is significantly modified due to the contribution of the rebound particles during the process of particle-wall impact interaction. This particle rebound zone is found to be a function of mainly the Stokes number (particle inertia), and to a lesser extent on the fluid Reynolds number (gas flow condition) except for high gas flow velocities. For the in-line tube bundle model, particles being rebounded from the first row of tubes at upstream migrated downstream and impinged the other tubes in an extremely complex and random disposition. Detailed measurements on the flow and turbulent characteristics within the subset containing two cylindrical tubes representing the flow over the first and second row tubes in the tube bundle configuration revealed that the heavier particles possessed higher axial and transverse velocity fluctuations than the gas and lighter particles. A means of quantifying the erosion rate using a semi-empirical relationship and CFD approach is presented. The erosion distributions were found to be significantly different between the lighter and heavier particles. Analysis of the effect of the above-mentioned parameters on the rebounding particle flow characteristics and their interrelationship has provided a better understanding on the behaviour of particulate flow impinging on a solid wall body or series of solid bodies. The usefulness of employing the experimental and computational approaches to quantify the particle-wall impact interaction phenomena in this study provides the basis for additional investigations to be undertaken to better comprehend the particulate behaviour in tube bundle structure, for example staggered tube arrangement commonly found in many commercial heat exchangers.
- Publication type
- Journal article
- Research centre
- Swinburne University of Technology. Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences
- Source
- Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 59, no. 15 (2004), pp. 3141-3157
- Publication year
- 2004
- Keyword(s)
- LDA technique; Particle-wall impact; Confined gas-particle flow; Lagrangian approach
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- 0009-2509
- Publisher URL
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Peer reviewed