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General Scholarships
Theodora (Teddie) Kowalczyk Alumni Association
Description: Awarded to students who are children, parents, siblings, spouses, grandparents, grandchildren, step-parents, step-children, or step-siblings of paid MVCC Alumni Association members.
about the Theodora (Teddie) Kowalczyk Alumni Scholarship
Association of Mohawk Valley Administrators (AMVA)
Description: Award is given to an incoming freshman or to a continuing senior who is enrolled full-time.
Auxiliary Services Corporation Student Leadership Scholarship
Description: Students who demonstrate academic scholarship and financial need will be considered.
about the ASC Student Leadership Scholarship
BOCES of Oneida-Herkimer-Madison Counties/MVCC Foundation
Description: It is hoped that the Vocational-Technical Scholarship and the MVCC Foundation Scholarship will help deserving graduates meet their financial obligations at MVCC.
about the BOCES of Oneida-Herkimer-Madison Counties/MVCC Foundation Scholarship
Mike Briggs Scholarship
Description: Established by Mike Briggs '63, to help attract high caliber, well-rounded students to MVCC. Recipients of this scholarship can be justifiably proud because in addition to being excellent students, they will also personify many of the other attributes including diligence, loyalty, generosity and an appreciation of one's roots that have helped make Mike's career (Region Manager – Vice President, Corporate Headquarters, United Parcel Services) so successful.
about the Mike Briggs Scholarship
Susan Q. Chapin Memorial
Description: This scholarship was established in memory of Susan Q. Chapin by her parents, Mary and Ed Chapin, to pay tribute to their daughter's short yet accomplished life.
about the Susan Q. Chapin Memorial Scholarship
W. Dennis Copeland Memorial
Description: This scholarship fund was established by Robert Copeland, Dennis's Brother, and his parents, Jane and Warren in memory of Dennis who passed away in 1980 from cancer.
about the W. Dennis Copeland Memorial Scholarship
Senator James H. Donovan Memorial
Description: This scholarship was established in memory of Senator Donovan who passed away in 1990. He was a New York State Senator and represented Oneida, Herkimer and Lewis Counties from 1966 until 1990.
about the Senator James H. Donovan Memorial Scholarship
Exceptional Student
Description: A limited number of full-tuition scholarships are awarded annually to students graduating in the top 10% of their class from accredited New York State public or private high schools located outside Oneida County. Recipients may receive the award for four consecutive terms, less financial aid, provided they maintain a 3.0 G.P.A.
about the Exceptional Student Scholarship
Pat Fern Fausto Scholarship
Description: This scholarship was set up in 1993 by Pat in memory of his beloved wife, Fern. Pat passed away in 2004 but his beliefs will live on through this scholarship legacy for years to come.
about the Pat & Fern Fausto Scholarship
Dr. Armond J. Festine Memorial
Description: Dr. Festine was a former Dean of Community Services at MVCC.
about the Dr. Armond J. Festine Memorial Scholarship
Harold T. Fitzpatrick Memorial
Description: In memory of Harold Fitzpatrick, Math Dept. faculty from 1968 -1973.
about the Harold T. Fitzpatrick Memorial Scholarship
Mychal Robert Harris Memorial Scholarship
Description: The Mychal R. Harris Memorial Scholarship was established to honor and preserve the memory of one of MVCC's most promising students. The scholarship is to help other students to follow in Mychal's footsteps and to ensure a lasting legacy to him.
about the Mychal Robert Harris Memorial Scholarship
Bob Houston Memorial
Description: The New Hartford Rotary Club scholarship was established in the name of Robert Houston, an Associate Dean of Students at MVCC from 1964-1977. Mr. Houston served as president of the New Hartford Rotary Club in 1968-1969.
about the Bob Houston Memorial Scholarship
Father David G. Looney Memorial
Description: Father Looney was chaplain at SUNY IT, the Utica Fire Department, and at the MVCC Newman Center until his passing in 1988.
about the Father David Looney Memorial Scholarship
Charles A. and Laura M. Lupica Scholarship
Description: Charles A. Lupica and Laura Marie Nardozza Lupica were children of immigrants who grew up in Sherrill and Rome respectively during the Great Depression. The oldest in each of their families, they never had the opportunity to go to college. After they married and had children they made it a priority that each of their four children would receive a college education.
When she was in her sixties and her children were grown, Laura wanted to take a few classes in writing, something she had dabbled in as a young wife and mother. She enrolled in MVCC Rome took courses in English Composition, and was encouraged by the instructors who found that she had a talent for writing. At age 75 she wrote and had published a book called Up and Down the Street which gives readers a glimpse of the life growing up as an Italian immigrant in Rome, New York in the 20's and 30's.
Both Laura and Charles valued education and for Laura MVCC was the college she had the opportunity to attend. Through her course work and the inspiration of the instructors there, she went on to write a book that is her legacy to her children, grandchildren and great- grandchildren.
In their loving memories, their children have established the Charles A. and Laura M. Lupica Scholarship, to help a returning adult student, like their mother, become educated and inspired.
about the Charles A. and Laura M. Lupica Scholarship
M&T Bank/Partners Trust Bank Charitable Fund New Career Scholarship
Description: The M&T Bank/Partners Trust Bank established this fund to assist returning adult students who are attending MVCC part-time and are working to completer a degree program.
about the M&T Bank/Partners Trust Bank Charitable Fund New Career Scholarship
Honorable Leon Marketos Memorial
Description: Award to full-time students in the Human Services and Psychology Department or who are of Greek heritage enrolled in any MVCC academic program.
about the Honorable Leon Marketos Memorial Scholarship
David Mathis Minority Scholarship
Description: This scholarship was established for the purpose of recruiting and attracting potentially deserving minority students to MVCC. David Mathis is now a trustee of MVCC, has served as VP of the MVCC Foundation, is currently director of Employment & Training for Oneida County.
about the David Mathis Minority Scholarship
Jeremiah McCarthy Family Scholarship
Description: This scholarship is awarded to a student from Holland Patent High School. This scholarship will be awarded for the student's first year (two semesters).
about the Jeremiah McCarthy Family Scholarship
Edward V. Mele Scholarship
Description: Edward V. Mele was the son of an Italian immigrant from New York City. He moved his father's jewelry box manufacturing business to Utica back in the mid 1950's. Mele, was more than a successful business leader, he was a compassionate benefactor in his community.
about the Edward V. Mele Scholarship
Jeremy Merry, Resident Assistant Memorial Scholarship
Description: This scholarship was established in memory of Jeremy Merry who passed away at the age of 24 from Leukemia. He graduated from MVCC in 2008 with a degree in Graphic Communication/Graphic Design. Jeremy was very proud of being a Resident Assistant at MVCC. His kindness and thoughtfulness touched the hearts of everyone.
about the Jeremy Merry, Resident Assistant Memorial Scholarship
Congressman Donald J. Mitchell Family Scholarship
Description: Upon leaving his congressional seat, Mitchell contributed the remainder of his campaign fund balance to the Community Foundation, for the designated purpose of providing scholarships to those attending HCCC and MVCC.
about the Congressman Donald J. Mitchell Family Scholarship
Theodore "Ted" Moore Memorial
Description: Associate Professor Moore joined MVCC in the Mathematics Dept. as an Instructor in 1981. Ted was admired and respected by his students and peers; he was genuinely trying new techniques, involving all aspects of the educational process and always making himself available for counsel. In December 1996, he was tragically taken from his family, friends, students, and colleagues through the actions of a drunk driver.
about the Theodore "Ted" Moore Memorial
MVCC Class of '53 Scholarship
Description: Funded and sponsored by members of the Class of '53.
about the MVCC Class of '53 Scholarship
MVCC Professional Association
Description: True to our motto of "United for Excellence in Education," the PA awards a scholarship to a currently enrolled MVCC student.
about the MVCC Professional Association Scholarship
Gioia Murine Memorial Scholarship
Description: This scholarship was established by Santina Murine Pavia and Dominic Pavia in memory of Gioia Murine who died at the age of 27. She was a 1983 graduate of T.R. Proctor High School and attended SUNY Geneseo. She had a big heart and a beautiful smile. She touched the hearts of those who knew her.
about the Gioia Murine Memorial Scholarship
Lance Corporal Blaise A. Oleski Memorial Scholarship
Description: This scholarship was established in memory of Lance Corporal Blaise A. Oleski who died at age 22 during combat in Afghanistan. The scholarship will honor his dedication and exceptional moral character and will support future students who demonstrate these qualities. Full-time or part-time students are eligible to apply.
Lance Corporal Blaise A. Oleski Memorial Scholarship
Presidential Scholarship
Description: These scholarships are awarded to students who graduate in the top 10% their high school class. This prestigious award provides one year of full tuition to MVCC. It may be renewed for a second year providing the student maintains a minimum G.P.A. of 3.0.
about the Presidential Scholarship
Dr. Joanne Horn Rettke Memorial
Description: After receiving her doctorate in 1979. Dr. Joanne Horn Rettke accepted a position at Mohawk Valley Community College as Director of Programs for Women & Senior Adults. In 1985, her title was changed to Director of Community Services. While at MVCC she was one of the founding members of the Mohawk Valley Business Women's Network which is still in operation today. Dr. Rettke was best known for her mentoring and encouragement of women who transitioned from the home to the workforce. Her motto was "that's interesting, let's give it a try.
about the Dr. Joanne Horn Rettke Memorial Scholarship
Alexander Scicchitano Memorial
Description: This scholarship is in memory Alexander Scicchitano who was here for just a very short time. This is an inspiration for the establishment of this most worthy award that honors a high school student who has unselfishly given his or her time to do volunteer work in their community. This will be awarded to a high school senior at Rome Free Academy.
about the Alexander Scicchitano Memorial Scholarship
Daron Malik Jae Simpson Memorial
Description: For young single mothers who are on the path to self-sufficiency and who have demonstrated a genuine interest in self-improvement. This scholarship is in memory of Daron Malik Jae Simpson who lost his life due to an act of violence on November 10, 2004. He was just over 2 ½ years of age at the time.
about the Daron Malik Jae Simpson Memorial Scholarship
Steven Daniel Smallen Memorial
Description: This scholarship fund was established in memory of Steven Daniel Smallen who passed away in 1992. Steve was a multi-talented and intelligent individual that was determined to overcome whatever obstacles came his way with his characteristically gentle manner, quick smile and a keen sense of humor.
about the Steven Smallen Memorial Scholarship
Sodexo/MVCC Foundation Meal Plan Scholarship
Description: This award provides two incoming, full-time students with nineteen (19) meals per week in the MVCC Dining Hall for one semester of their freshman year.
about the Sodexo/MVCC Foundation Meal Plan Scholarship
David & Virginia Ward
Description: To enable a senior student with limited financial resources, who has demonstrated academic potential, the ability to complete their program.
about the David & Virginia Ward Scholarship
Women's Christian Association of Utica
Description: This association annually supports a number of scholarships for female students, full-time or part-time, attending MVCC.
Debra Edick
Administrative Assistant
Institutional Advancement
Contact Information
Payne Hall, Room 220
1101 Sherman Drive
Utica, NY 13501
Telephone - 315.792.5555
Email Scholarships


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When one of our Site Directors from the West Sacramento site suggested a day in which kids can bring a friend to volleyball, we weren't sure how it would work.
Would we have enough nets, coaches, how many kids would attend and how would we run practice?
Well, all that got sorted out and on its third season as part of the operation of each site, it is one of the most successful ways of introducing new players to the sport!
Sacramento, this Spring 2012 season, had a record 53 new players introduced to volleyball as part of the Bring a Friend Day!

subset: commoncrawl


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Your Will
Your Will: Getting Started
A will is the single most critical component to protecting your assets and securing your family's future.
4 Steps to Your First Will
When you create your will, you want one that works for you and one that works from a legal standpoint. Here's how to make it happen.
Case Study
See how having an up-to-date estate plan helped make a tough time easier for one couple.
When and How to Update Your Will
Your will, like many items, can become outdated. Here's how to ensure that your plans meet your current life circumstances and goals.
What Your Will Can't Do
Having an up-to-date will is your first step to creating a stellar estate plan—but that doesn't mean your estate plan is complete. You'll need to consider the details of these plans as well.
How to Find an Estate Planning Attorney
Whether you're drafting your first will or making changes to an outdated one, you'll want to use the services of an estate planning attorney.
Action Items
Take these steps to make sure your will is the best it can be.


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Leopards may be slower than cheetahs and weaker than lions, but they are more successful than either of them, or any other big cat. Their populations inhabit territories that cover nearly half the world, and while nobody knows exactly how many leopards there are, it is estimated that there are roughly ten times more of them than all the lions, tigers, and cheetahs added together. Their success relies on cunning and stealth, and on their unique ability to adapt. As survivors, predators, teachers and parents, they are very clever cats.
Their numbers are surprising to most of us because, unlike bears or wolves, they are one of only a few large predators able to live so close to us while remaining so unnoticed. Yet they are all around us, living in the shadows, not only among the villages of Africa, but also on the outskirts of large cities like Beijing, Jakarta and Mumbai, and in the rice paddies and farms of Southeast Asia.
Leopards like their lives to be private, and until recently, relatively little has been known about them. But one remarkable cat developed a tolerance to being filmed and one day began to allow the cameras to follow her to her den. Following the story of this mother leopard and her two cubs, as well as observing other leopards around the world, the incredibly private and vulnerable lives of these extraordinary cats are revealed.
Tonight at 7pm on KCPT
Learn more about Leopards: Visit the Nature web site.


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Favorite thing about North Central: I love being a part of such a strong and supportive community! From our students, faculty and staff to our alums and surrounding neighborhood, North Central is a family.
Words I use to describe North Central students: Our students are friendly, involved, informed and creative!
Why did I choose to become an admission counselor/staff member at North Central? As an alumna of North Central, this campus and community have become my home. I love representing North Central and helping students discover all of the opportunities available to help them learn, grow and prepare for their future.
Favorite Naperville Restaurant: Hugo's Frog Bar—they have an excellent lunch menu!
Favorite Season in Naperville: It may sound crazy, but I love the winter! There's almost nothing more nostalgic than walking through campus with a hot cup of coffee and snow flurries. Even in the chill of winter, this city is still warm and wonderful!
Advice to Students: Start your search early! Visit, and visit again! Enjoy this very exciting time!


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Careful reading of page 74 in the new Outdoor Annual will keep hunters from mixing up the dates, shooting hours and aggregate bag limit stipulations of these two zones. Special season dates for the White-winged Area are: Sept. 1, 2, 7 and 8 with shooting hours from noon to sunset.
The bag limit is 15 doves, but no more than two mourning doves and two white-tipped doves during those dates. This will require accurate bird identification before pulling that trigger. Keeping plumage attached to the dove breast in the field will help hunters track, and prove, their legal limit.
While the first general season for both zones starts on Sept. 20, the White-winged Area ends earlier on Oct. 23. The second general season is the same for both zones, Dec. 20 through Jan. 20, 2014. Shooting hours and aggregate bag limits are also the same for both zones during the two general seasons.


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Dye your shoes to match the dress for any special occasion. Half bow at open toe and slingback are accents making 'Faye' a favorite party shoe.
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Whether you're relaxing on the beach or enjoying the waves, it's critically important to protect yourself from the harmful effects of the sun. Consumer Reports has tested 18 sunscreens - mostly sprays and lotions -from names like Banana Boat and Coppertone to Neutrogena and Aveeno. Nicole Sarrubbo, "We test to see how well the sunscreens protect against two types of radiation- UVB, which causes sunburn, and UVA, which penetrates deeper, resulting in tanning and aging of the skin."
Both types contribute to skin cancer, so it's important to use a sunscreen that protects against both. To test, Consumer Reports applies sunscreen to panelists' backs, then exposes them to either UVA or UVB rays. Testers also check water resistance. Panelists sit in water for up to 80 minutes, depending on the product's claims. Nicole Sarrubbo, "We also performed a new critical wavelength test mandated by a FDA that determines if the sunscreen offers a sufficient level of UVA protection." Two products that claim both UVA and UVB protection failed this test - Banana Boat Kids and Alba Botanica. But for fun in the sun without the worry Consumer Reports did find two very good, inexpensive sunscreens-No-Ad SPF 45 and Walgreen's Continuous Spray Sunscreen Sport SPF 50. Both rated very good against UVA and excellent against UVB radiation, making them great options for your next day at the beach. ."


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Watch for scamsJanuary 31,2013
We are going to always be subject to losing our money to scammers if we ignore the precautions we are told to use and easily fall victim to well-trained pros. The sad part is that the big majority of victims are the elderly and disabled who are least likely to be able to withstand the high-pressure calls.
We must all be against the callers even before the call is received. Now is the time to be prepared so we will recognize the improbability of the callers claims during the big pitch and raise that big wave of caution we need so desperately. Simple hints like money having to be paid in order to receive your winnings or needing to call someone else to ask a question the original caller wont answer are dead giveaways.
Any call from area code 876 is immediate cause for suspicion as many such scams are generated in Jamaica and those with Caller ID can avoid the frustration by not answering that call. I think it is a sad state of affairs when our vulnerable citizens are taken advantage of like this. We can all help them by making sure that we teach our friends and neighbors how to say no when it is called for.
Todd Washburne
CalaisMORE IN LettersA sixth-offense DUI gets plead down to a misdemeanor. A breathalyzer is refused. Full StoryBurr Morses recollection (Whats good for the goose, Nov. Full StoryMSNBC news analyst Rachel Maddows report on the election of Republican Rutherford B. Full Story
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"I wanted to thank Catholic Answers for doing such a great job in defending the Catholic Faith. I find your tracts have helped me to more easily explain Catholicism at work and in online discussions."
~ David, Detroit, Michigan
"It is the peculiarity of progress for a thing to be developed in itself; and the peculiarity of change, for a thing to be altered from what it was into something else."
~ Vincent of Lerins, Saint, noting the essential difference between development and alteration of the deposit of faith, over 1,000 years before Protestantism radically altered the face of Christianity. (Commonitorium, I, 23; see P.L., L). (see "Science and the Church")


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To identify ages when adolescents were in sexual maturity stages 2 through 5; to explain the relations between breast (girls), genital (boys), and pubic hair (girls and boys) development between ages 9½ and 15½ years; and to evaluate synchrony of pubertal development across characteristics.
Annual pubertal assessments.
Ten locations in the United States.
A total of 859 adolescents (427 boys [49.7%] and 432 girls [50.3%]; 737 white [85.8%] and 122 black [14.2%]).
Changes in the 5 stages of breast, genital, and pubic hair development.
Girls were in breast maturity stages 2 and 3 earlier than comparable pubic hair stages. Although breast development in girls started earlier than pubic hair development, girls completed breast and pubic hair development at approximately the same age. Black girls were in all stages of breast and pubic hair development earlier than white girls. Boys were in stages 2, 3, 4, and 5 of genital development before the comparable pubic hair stage. In boys, genital development started earlier than pubic hair development, but pubic hair development was completed in less time. Black boys were in genital and pubic hair development about 7 months earlier than white boys. Black and white boys completed genital development in approximately 4½ years, but black boys took approximately 6 months longer than white boys to complete pubic hair development. At stage 2, for 66.2% of girls, breast development preceded their pubic hair development; for 91.1% of boys, genital development preceded their pubic hair development.
The results of this study are useful in understanding normative variation in the timing and change in the development of secondary sexual characteristics at puberty. They will help identify adolescents with atypical changes in sexual maturation and unusual progression of sexual maturation and growth disorders.
Most research on pubertal development is cross-sectional, involving different adolescents assessed at different ages. Such research is not positioned to characterize change in secondary sexual characteristics—genitals, breasts, and pubic hair—that represent different physiological processes. The available longitudinal evidence is outdated or covers a limited age span.1 Current information on timing of puberty (ie, age at which adolescents are in each sexual maturity stage) and change in secondary sexual characteristics (ie, how quickly individuals progress from one stage to the next) is important for understanding the etiology of pubertal disorders as well as normal development. It is also important to understand individual-level synchrony (ie, characteristics developing concurrently) or asynchrony (ie, one characteristic develops before the other) in pubertal development, given that asynchrony has implications for health problems.2
This investigation was motivated by new findings2 and previous work.3–5 It is not known whether patterns of thelarche and pubarche established at pubertal onset are sustained longitudinally, or whether patterns of asynchrony are observed among boys. The present study aimed to (1) identify ages when adolescents were in sexual maturity stages 2 through 5 (Tanner criteria)6–8 for each secondary sexual characteristic; (2) explain the relation of development across pubertal characteristics; and (3) evaluate synchrony of pubertal development across characteristics. A secondary goal was to investigate whether racial differences in pubertal timing and change are accounted for by family socioeconomic status.
The multisite Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development was designed to evaluate the effects of nonmaternal care on children's functioning. In 1990, 10 university-based sites recruited participants from designated hospitals in Little Rock, Arkansas; Irvine, California; Lawrence, Kansas; Boston, Massachusetts; Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Charlottesville, Virginia; Seattle, Washington; Hickory and Morgantown, North Carolina; and Madison, Wisconsin. Children were followed up from birth to age 15½ years (1991–2006) with a common study protocol. Annually from ages 9½ to 15½ years (2000–2006), staging of secondary sexual characteristics was performed by a nurse practitioner or physician. Institutional review boards at each university and the data coordinating center approved the study. Families gave written consent and children gave assent. See a previously published NICHD Early Child Care Research Network study9 for detailed recruitment and selection procedures and http://secc.rti.org for study procedures.
Healthy newborns of English-speaking mothers were recruited. Attempts were made to contact 3015 families meeting enrollment eligibility requirements 2 weeks after birth. Of 1526 families contacted, 1364 (89.4%) completed the 1-month home visit before becoming study participants. There were no significant differences between these 1364 families and the 1990 US population,10 except that the study sample had slightly more married couples than the US population (76.7% vs 74.2%; P=.04).
From enrollment to age 9½ years, approximately 20% of the sample was lost to follow-up; moving and time constraints were the major reasons for attrition. Dropouts were more likely to have lower maternal education and to be nonwhite. Between ages 9 ½ and 15½ years, the cohort lost an additional 8.1%, but this attrition was random in terms of sex, annual family income, years of maternal education, or race/ethnicity.
Child sex, race/ethnicity, and years of maternal education were reported at 1 month. Only white and black participants are included in this report because the numbers of other minorities were too small. Family income when the child was 9½ years old was converted to an income-to-needs ratio based on federal poverty guidelines (ratio <2.0 represents low income).11
Boys' and girls' sexual maturity stage was assessed using Tanner criteria.7,8,12 Girls' sexual maturity staging was based on instructions from the American Academy of Pediatrics Assessment of Sexual Maturity Stages in Girls,5 augmented with breast bud palpation (except for the assessment at age 9½ years). The assessment of stage of sexual maturity is based on photos of the 5 sexual maturity stages (1 indicates prepuberty and 5, full sexual maturity) that were used in the Pediatric Research in Office Settings Network study of pubertal development.5 Boys' sexual maturity stage was assessed using Tanner's original criteria.6 For boys and girls, sexual maturity stage is determined by comparing the adolescent's sexual development with the series of photographs showing sexual maturity as stages of breast, genital, and pubic hair development. Annual examinations identified sexual maturity stage (1–5) for breast development in girls, genital development in boys, and pubic hair development in both. If a child was between 2 stages, the examiners gave the child the lower stage rating. Examinations continued for girls until menarche and stage 5 breast and pubic hair development were achieved and for boys until stage 5 genital and pubic hair development were achieved. Beginning at age 10½, girls reported annually whether menstruation had begun and age at first menses. Annual maternal report was used if daughter's self-report was missing (n=117).
Centralized training was provided to all examiners before the first pubertal assessments. Physicians and nurse practitioners were annually recertified (requiring 87.5% accuracy) by rating stages of pubertal development using photos from the Pediatric Research in Office Settings Network study of pubertal development5 for girls and Tanner photos for boys.13
Participation at each annual examination for 859 children was as follows: age 9½years, 781 (90.9%); age 10½ years, 700 (81.5%); age 11½ years, 668 (77.8%); age 12½ years, 662 (77.1%); age 13½ years, 645 (75.1%); age 14½ years, 616 (71.7%); and age 15½ years, 598 (69.6%). To address missing-data problems, we imputed 20 data sets (10 each for boys and girls)14–16 and conducted analyses separately on each data set. Test statistics and coefficients were averaged across analyses, separately for boys and girls, and coefficient standard errors were calculated by combining within- and between-model variability.15
All statistical analyses were conducted using SAS statistical software, version 9.1.3 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina); all tests were 2-tailed. Significant differences between children with and without sexual maturity data for all categorical variables were evaluated using χ2 tests; continuous variables were evaluated using t tests, assuming unequal variance.
The ages that girls and boys were in each sexual maturity stage (2–5) were estimated for each secondary sexual characteristic in separate logistic regressions: breast (girls), genital (boys), and pubic hair (girls and boys). For this analysis, whether an adolescent was in a particular sexual maturity stage at each assessment was dichotomized (0 vs 1). The probability of being in a stage was estimated at a given age and was modeled using a random coefficient logistic model with the dichotomized indicator of being in a particular stage as the dependent variable and age at each assessment (in years) as the independent variable. The intercept was treated as random (ie, individual-level variation was allowed), whereas the effect of age was fixed. The ages at which the individual had a 50% or greater likelihood of being in the particular sexual maturity stage for breast and pubic hair development (girls) or genital and pubic hair development (boys) were estimated.
Once the ages of being in the various sexual maturity stages for the different secondary sexual characteristics were estimated, differences across time and across characteristics were modeled using a doubly repeated measures analysis of variance. For these analyses, the estimated ages were the dependent variables, and sexual maturity stage (2–5) and secondary sexual characteristics (breast or pubic hair for girls; genital or pubic hair for boys) were repeated (independent) factors. Additional models added between-subjects factors for menarche (girls only), race (black vs white), years of maternal education, and family income-to-needs ratio. Finally, the length of time (in years) that girls and boys remained in puberty was calculated as the difference between the ages that individuals were estimated to be in sexual maturity stage 5 and sexual maturity stage 2 (eAppendix; available at http://www.archpediatrics.com).
The estimated age that each individual was predicted to be in each sexual maturity stage for breast (girls) or genital (boys) and pubic hair (girls and boys) was used to determine synchrony of pubertal maturation. Given that there is no consensus about what qualifies as a synchronous pattern, we defined synchronous development as secondary sexual characteristics being in the same sexual maturity stage within approximately 4 months of each other. This standard was based on prior longitudinal work.17 In an individual, if the difference in the estimated age of the 2 secondary sexual characteristics was more than 4 months, development was classified as breast or genital first or pubic hair first. Using age estimates obtained from the random coefficients logistic regression, the differences between the estimated ages for breast vs pubic hair development (girls) and for genital vs pubic hair development (boys) were calculated. Children were then classified as to whether they exhibited synchrony (difference ≤4 months) or asynchrony (breast or genital development >4 months earlier than pubic hair development or pubic hair development >4 months earlier than breast or genital development) for each sexual maturity stage.
As shown in Table 1, 373 white girls (43.4%), 59 black girls (6.9%), 364 white boys (42.4%), and 63 black boys (7.3%) had valid pubertal measurements for at least 1 of the 7 assessments (taken annually from ages 9½ to 15½ years), thereby qualifying them for inclusion in the study. Girls had more valid data at all ages than did boys. Overall, 373 girls (86.3%) and 364 boys (85.2%) were white, 93 girls (23.4%) and 98 boys (24.5%) were classified as low income at age 9½ years, and mother's mean (SD) years of education was 14.5 (2.4) for girls and 14.3 (2.4) for boys. (The low income percentages are based on numbers of participants who had income data at age 9½ years [ie, 397 of 432 girls and 400 of 427 boys].) Maternal age at the time the child was born was greater for the analysis group (mean, 28.9 years; 95% confidence interval, 28.4–29.4 years) than for girls not included in the analysis (27.7 years; 26.7–28.6 years). No significant differences existed for race, early family income-to-needs ratio, or years of maternal education. For boys, no significant differences emerged on any of these background factors for those included and not included in the analyses.
The eFigure shows the distribution of each sexual maturity stage, by age and race, for breast and pubic hair development for girls and for genital and pubic hair development for boys. At age 9½ years, most white girls showed no evidence of breast (56.2%) or pubic hair (71.5%) development; in contrast, most black girls showed some evidence of breast (69.0%) or pubic hair (59.2%) development. By age 15½ years, most white girls were in sexual maturity stage 5 for breast (79.5%) or pubic hair (81.9%) development; similarly, most black girls were in sexual maturity stage 5 for breast (84.1%) or pubic hair (92.5%) development. At age 9½years, more than two-thirds of white boys showed no evidence of puberty for genital (72.8%) or pubic hair (91.9%) development; less than half of the black boys showed some evidence of puberty for genital (47.9%) or pubic hair development (33.8%). At age 15½ years, most white boys were in sexual maturity stage 5 for genital (67.3%) or pubic hair (58.7%) development; similarly, most black boys were in sexual maturity stage 5 for genital (81.0%) or pubic hair (71.3%) development.
Overall, girls' breast development occurred earlier than pubic hair development (F1,431=52.25; P <.001). This effect, however, was moderated by the stage being examined (F3,1293=53.29; P <.001). Girls were in stage 2 breast development a mean of 5.0 months earlier than stage 2 pubic hair development and were in stage 3 breast development a mean of 2.2 months earlier than stage 3 pubic hair development. There were no statistically significant differences between breast and pubic hair development in terms of the ages at which girls were in stages 4 and 5 (Table 2).
On average, girls took 1.5 years to develop from one sexual maturity stage of breast development to the next; girls took slightly less time (mean, 1.3 years) to develop from one sexual maturity stage of pubic hair to the next. Overall, girls took between 4 and 4½ years to go from sexual maturity stage 2 (beginning of puberty) to sexual maturity stage 5 (full maturity) (Table 3).
When age of menarche was added to the repeated-measures analysis of variance as a between-subjects factor, we found a significant main effect for age of menarche (F1,407=435.72; P <.001), and significant interactions between age of menarche and sexual maturity stage (F3,1221=7.62; P <.001) and between age of menarche, characteristic (breast or pubic hair), and sexual maturity stage (F1,1221=4.54; P=.004). As expected, if girls were older when they experienced menarche they were also older when in all sexual maturity stages for breast and pubic hair development (B's range, 0.41–0.48 for age at breast development stages 2–5 and 0.36–0.53 for age at pubic hair development stages 2–5; P <.001 for all). (B indicates unstandardized regression coefficient.) Age of menarche had a stronger positive relationship with age at developmental stages 3 and 4 (B's range, 0.47–0.53) than it did with age of being in stage 2 (B=0.41 for breast development and 0.36 for pubic hair development). The relationship between age of menarche and age at breast development stage 5 declined to a B of 0.42, whereas the relationship between age of menarche and age at pubic hair development stage 5 remained relatively higher (B=0.48).
Overall, boys were in each sexual maturity stage for genital development before they were in the same stage for pubic hair development (F1,426=821.26; P <.001); this effect was moderated by the stage being examined (F3,1278=411.40; P <.001). Stage 2 genital development was earlier than stage 2 pubic hair development by a mean of 1.1 years; stage 3, 3.9 months earlier; stage 4, 1.5 months earlier; and stage 5, 2.3 months earlier (Table 4).
On average, boys took 2 years to go from stage 2 to stage 3 genital development and 1.3 years to go from stage 2 to stage 3 pubic hair development. The change from stage 3 to stage 4 was shorter, taking 1.1 years for genital development and 10.8 months for pubic hair development. The change from stage 4 to stage 5 took approximately 1.4 years for both genital and pubic hair development. Overall, boys took approximately 4½ years and 3½ years to go from sexual maturity stage 2 (beginning of puberty) to sexual maturity stage 5 (full development) for genital and pubic hair, respectively (Table 5).
At the onset of puberty, most girls (66.2%) were estimated to be at sexual maturity stage 2 for breast development at least 4 months before stage 2 for pubic hair development (ie, breast-first pattern) (Table 6). At later maturity stages, girls' development tended to become more synchronous, with 51.4% estimated to be in sexual maturity stage 5 for breast and pubic hair development within approximately 4 months of each other.
At the onset of puberty, most boys (91.1%) were estimated to be in sexual maturity stage 2 for genital development at least 4 months before stage 2 for pubic hair development (ie, genital-first pattern) (Table 6). At later maturity stages, boys' development remained asynchronous, with 74.7% still showing the genital-first pattern for being in sexual maturity stage 5.
On average, black girls were in each sexual maturity stage for breast and for pubic hair development approximately 9 months earlier than white girls (Table 2) (F1,430 = 72.05; P <.001). The other relationships described regarding differences in ages of being in each stage for breast and pubic hair development and the length of time between stages showed no significant relations with race. These findings remained the same when controlling for family income-to-needs ratio (measured at age 9½ years) and years of maternal education at the time of participants' birth. Only one interaction between puberty characteristic and family income-to-needs ratio was significant (F1,393 = 8.33; P=.004) and indicated that girls from higher-income homes experienced later breast development than did girls from lower-income homes.
Similar to black and white girls, black boys were in each stage of genital and pubic hair development earlier than white boys (Table 4) (F1,425=89.07; P <.001). The discrepancy between ages that black and white boys were in each stage was greater for earlier stages (range, 9.6 months-1.0 years earlier for stage 2) than it was for later stages (7.2 months earlier for stage 5) (F3,1275 = 7.36; P<.001). With demographic factors controlled, these results remained unchanged.
This report, to our knowledge, presents one of the most detailed longitudinal studies of pubertal development in boys and girls conducted to date. Yearly assessments of breast, genital, and pubic hair growth allowed us to analyze the ages at which adolescents were in each sexual maturity stage and the time it took to go from one stage to the next. We also examined synchrony and asynchrony in secondary sexual characteristics in white and black youth.
Breast development in girls and genital development in boys tended to begin before pubic hair development. But pubic hair development occurred faster across the stages than did genitals or breasts. In addition, synchrony between breast or genital and pubic hair stages tended to increase with advancing stages.
Our findings are consistent with cross-sectional studies showing that girls' pubertal development occurs earlier than boys', a putative consequence of earlier estrogen synthesis.18 Our observation that breast development in girls and genital development in boys precedes pubic hair development is also consistent with previous studies,1,2,17 with some exceptions.3
Although Biro et al2 estimated asynchrony in early puberty, we extended this analysis by assessing synchrony or asynchrony at 4 sexual maturity stages (2–5). At the early stages of puberty, we typically observed asynchrony between breast and pubic hair stage in girls and genital and pubic hair stage in boys. At later stages of sexual maturity, although development in boys remained asynchronous, breast development and pubic hair development in girls tended to become more synchronous. The pattern in girls is believed to result from the earlier timing of hormonal changes, starting with the initiation of cyclic gonadotropin-releasing hormone of a magnitude sufficient to stimulate gonadotropin and estrogen production,19 which stimulates growth of breast tissue. Pubic hair growth is stimulated by testosterone and adrenal hormones but appears to respond more slowly to neuroendocrine changes in early puberty. Girls who follow the breast-first pattern may have higher estrogen levels and be more at risk as adults for estrogen-related diseases, such as breast cancer, than those following a pubic hair–first pattern.
Findings indicate that, at any age, black adolescents are more advanced than white adolescents in pubertal development, consistent with prior research.5,20,21 The earlier onset of puberty in black youth has been attributed to genetic factors, higher body mass index, and nutritional factors.20 No ethnic differences were observed in the length of time it took to progress from one sexual maturity stage to the next for girls. In contrast, sexual development in black boys took longer than in white boys.
These detailed findings suggest that pubertal development cannot be described exclusively in terms of a simple onset and termination because different secondary sexual characteristics develop on different schedules that show varying degrees of timing, depending on sex and ethnicity. For future research, the present findings raise the question of whether previously reported risks for morbidity related to the timing of puberty onset (eg, metabolic syndrome and reproductive malignancies22) are associated solely with entry into puberty or whether continuing asynchrony in secondary sexual characteristics might also be associated with morbidity.
Although drawn from sites distributed throughout the United States, and reflecting a range of economic, social, and educational backgrounds, the sample is not representative of the US population because it is not a probability sample. The findings may also be biased because of dropouts and missing data. Otherwise-eligible children whose mothers were known drug users or who did not intend to continue living near a study site were excluded from the study. An additional limitation of the study is that at the assessment at age 9½ years, we did not use breast bud palpation, which may have led to an underestimation of the percentage of girls at developmental stage 2. Nonetheless, this research used a highly reliable protocol for assessing pubertal development.
The descriptive findings from this study are useful in understanding normative variation in the timing and change in secondary sexual characteristics at puberty. They will help identify children with atypical changes in sexual maturation and unusual progression of sexual maturation and growth disorders. Replication of this study in a representative sample is now needed.
Funding/Support: This study was supported by the NICHD.
Role of the Sponsor: The NICHD provided scientific oversight of the study through scientific directors Sarah L. Friedman, PhD (1991–2006), and James Griffin, PhD (2006–2009).
Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD Early Child Care Research Network Members: This study was directed by a steering committee and supported by NICHD through a cooperative agreement (U10), which calls for scientific collaboration between the grantees and the NICHD staff. Current members of the Steering Committee of the NICHD Early Child Care Research Network, listed in alphabetical order, are: Dr Belsky; Cathryn Booth-LaForce, PhD, University of Washington, Seattle; Robert H. Bradley, PhD, University of Arkansas at Little Rock; Celia A. Brownell, PhD, University of Pittsburgh; Margaret Burchinal, PhD, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Susan B. Campbell, PhD, University of Pittsburgh; Dr Cauffman; Alison Clarke-Stewart, PhD, University of California, Irvine; Martha Cox, PhD, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Robert Crosnoe, PhD, The University of Texas, Austin; James A. Griffin, PhD, NICHD Scientific Coordinator, Bethesda, Maryland; Dr Halpern-Felsher; Willard Hartup, PhD, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Kathryn Hirsh-Pasek, PhD, Temple University, Philadelphia; Daniel Keating, PhD, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Bonnie Knoke, MS, RTI International, Research Triangle Park; Tama Leventhal, PhD, Tufts University, Boston; Kathleen McCartney, PhD, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Vonnie C. McLoyd, PhD, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Fred Morrison, PhD, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Philip Nader, MD, University of California, San Diego; Marion O'Brien, PhD, The University of North Carolina, Greensboro; Ross Parke, PhD, University of California, Riverside; Robert Pianta, PhD, University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Kim M. Pierce, PhD, University of Wisconsin-Madison; A. Vijaya Rao, PhD, RTI International; Dr Roisman; Susan Spieker, PhD, University of Washington; Dr Steinberg; Dr Susman; Margaret Tresch Owen, PhD, The University of Texas at Dallas; Deborah Lowe Vandell, PhD, University of California, Irvine; and Marsha Weinraub, PhD, Temple University.
Financial Disclosure: None reported.
Publisher's Disclaimer: Disclaimer: The content is solely the responsibility of the named authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NICHD, the National Institutes of Health, or individual members of the network.
Online-Only Material: The eAppendix and eFigure are available at http://www.archpediatrics.com.
Author Contributions: Drs Susman, Houts, Steinberg, Belsky, and Roisman had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: Susman, Houts, Steinberg, Belsky, Cauffman, DeHart, Friedman, and Roisman. Acquisition of data: Susman, Steinberg, Belsky, Cauffman, and DeHart. Analysis and interpretation of data: Susman, Houts, Steinberg, Belsky, Roisman, and Halpern-Felsher. Drafting of the manuscript: Susman, Houts, Steinberg, Belsky, DeHart, and Friedman. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Susman, Houts, Steinberg, Belsky, Cauffman, DeHart, Roisman, and Halpern-Felsher. Statistical analysis: Houts, Steinberg, and Halpern-Felsher. Obtained funding: Susman, Steinberg, Belsky, Cauffman, Friedman, and Roisman. Administrative, technical, or material support: Cauffman, DeHart, Friedman, and Halpern-Felsher. Study supervision: Steinberg and DeHart.
Elizabeth J. Susman, Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park.
Renate M. Houts, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
Laurence Steinberg, Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Jay Belsky, Institute for the Study of Children, Families and Social Issues, Birkbeck University of London, England.
Elizabeth Cauffman, Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine.
Ganie DeHart, Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Geneseo.
Sarah L. Friedman, CNA Corporation, Alexandria, Virginia.
Glenn I. Roisman, Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Bonnie L. Halpern-Felsher, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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Bag yourself some spring arm candy
As I imagine you will have noticed, there are still - despite the recession - so many It Bags (or, as I prefer to call them, Iconic Designer Bags, or IDBs) that the only people capable of distinguishing a genuine IDB from what is simply a gorgeous bag from, say, Reiss, LK Bennett or River Island, are the accessories editor at Vogue and the interns who take care of the accessories cupboards at the glossy mags, all of whom have an encyclopaedic knowledge of every top handbag collection, from Anya Hindmarch to Tod's, via Lanvin and Mulberry.
Designers, naturally, have a commercial imperative to make us dissatisfied with our current handbag; to make us feel we have to buy into the next big style or risk looking off-trend and passé. But why a significant chunk of the female population should be prepared to pay upwards of £800 for a handbag which will often be obsolete - in trend terms - by the end of the season, is still slightly baffling.
But then, I remind myself, we have all grown to truly love our mega-fabulous handbags. Part of our affection is because our handbags do not judge us. They don't care about our age: a 60-year-old can rock the Lanvin Mini Pop as well as any 25-year-old. And our handbags don't demand we be a size six to look good with a piece of ritzy arm-candy hooked in our elbow: a size 18 can be as fashion fabulous with Smythson's Nancy Tote as a size eight.
Add to that the fact that most women, me included, carry our life around in our handbag - bad news for our neck/shoulder muscles; excellent news for osteopaths and chiropractors - and our addiction to IDBs suddenly seems less irrational.
If you are buying an IDB for spring, the ones that have longevity are a better investment than this season's must-have: a quilted bag from Chanel will never really go out of style and is an heirloom for your daughters or granddaughters; the Mulberry Bayswater is a modern classic which will look as good in 10 years as it does now, as will an Hermés Kelly or Birkin, providing your constitution and bank account can withstand the shock of the price - from £5,680 for the medium-size Birkin.
The high street is, predictably, more trend led, with big, squashy hobos; structured totes; shiny doctors' bags; strappy satchels; cross-body bags; 1950s frame bags; small or oversized clutches, and endless quantities of fringeing as decoration.
River Island have carved a niche with their desirable, pricey looking designer-lookalike bags, while Reiss, Jigsaw, Hobbs, LK Bennett, Zara and Banana Republic are all good hunting grounds for well-made, stylish bags that punch above their price tags.
Whatever your budget, we have found you the pick of spring's arm candy.


text:
This adaptor plate attaches an Ergotron mount with a 75 x 75 mm interface to a display with a 100 x 100 mm hole pattern.
Note: All VESA MIS-D compatible Ergotron products include interfaces for both 75 x 75 mm and 100 x 100 mm hole patterns.
Easy to install. Includes thumb screws for tooless attachment to display
Strong, steel construction


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I Write Funny-Lookin' Racket Code: An Alternate Style for Delimiters and Indentation
A lot of people are quite surprised when they see the Racket code I write. Let's say I needed a function to render hash table values as expressions that would produce the same value. A "normal" Racketeer might write something like the following.
There might be a few variances in style, especially depending on whether one has Racket or Emacs set up to indent
(define (hash->expr ht)
(cons 'hash
(for/fold ([args '()])
([(k v) (in-hash ht)])
(cons (list 'quote k)
(cons (list 'quote v)
for/fold specially. Almost no one, however, would come up with the code I write.
The biggest reaction I get is from the presence of
(define (hash->expr ht)
(cons 'hash
{[args '()]}
{[{k v} (in-hash ht)]}
(cons (list 'quote k)
(cons (list 'quote v)
{curly braces
}, but those are largely incidental as far as I'm concerned. It's all about the indentation to me.
A while back I found that my
.emacs file was growing in proportion to my Racket code—all of it I had ever written, in fact. Every new macro in my code or in the latest Racket version needed a line like:
This would tell Emacs more or less how I wanted it to indent the given form. So long as I followed the use patterns Emacs could cope with. For instance, with
(put 'for/fold 'scheme-indent-function 2)
for/fold, Emacs could cope with both of the "special" arguments on the same line as the macro name, or both on separate lines. Changing that up got weird results.
Also, function arguments would lead to significant rightward-creep in my indentation. Adding up the lengths of a list of strings, for instance, might look like this:
This wastes a lot of space on the left, and to me it doesn't do enough for readability to justify it. I don't need my eyes drawn to
(foldl +
(map string-length
(list "There"
0 and
+ nearly that much.
I discovered a new style of indentation in the {Little, Seasoned, Reasoned} Schemer series of books by Dan Friedman and his many cohorts. These books always start a new indentation level at a fixed distance in from the previous one, regardless of the cause for the indentation. Arguments on the same line as the function or macro name are ignored; they do not "push" indentation over to the right at all.
This indentation style has a lot of appeal to me for a number of reasons. One, it wastes no space on the left. Two, it never needs to "know" what a given macro means. It doesn't matter if you're applying
+ or
lambda or
for/fold, all lines beyond the first move two (or however many) characters to the right. I saw a light at the end of the tunnel: no more
.emacs customization for every new form!
This style leaves two issues. One, how to indent
cond? The Little books treat
cond differently, indenting each clause only as far as the keyword
cond, while other form's arguments are pushed in slightly farther than the function or macro name. Two, how to "fix" forms like
for/fold where a few lines really ought to be indented differently? A straight-up interpretation of this style would generate code like this:
Now we can't tell visually where the
([x 0])
([str (in-list '("12" "characters"))])
(define n (string-length str))
(+ x n))
for/fold iteration clauses leave off and the loop body definitions and expressions begin.
cond issue is easy enough to resolve. In Racket, unlike in vanilla Scheme, we use
] around
cond clauses. The same goes for a number of other repeated clauses, in fact:
syntax-parse, and so forth. So I decided my new, custom indentation style would indent
] differently from
). Parens indent one farther than brackets. That way,
doesn't become
(let ([x 1]
[y 2])
(+ x y))
Since I already use
(let ([x 1]
[y 2])
(+ x y))
] every time I have a repeated, non-expression clause, this rule does exactly what I need it to do.
Once I had differentiated
[] from
(), resolving the
for/fold issue was obvious. I needed a new indentation rule and a new lexical marker:
}. Now every time I have a fixed number of special non-expression forms in a macro, I wrap them in braces. Anything in braces is indented slightly farther (four spaces rather than two) than ordinary sub-expressions. So my
for/fold example comes out like this.
Suddently it's quite clear which parts are "special" in the
{[x 0]}
{[str (in-list '("12" "characters"))]}
(define n (string-length str))
(+ x n))
for/fold macro.
So now I write code using
) for definitions, expressions, and anything else resembling a nestable, expandable term (e.g.
match patterns, syntax templates),
] for repeated, non-expandable clauses (e.g.
cond clauses,
let bindings), and
} for non-repeated, non-expandable forms (e.g.
lambda formals, groups of
let bindings). And I don't bother to align function arguments; I tend to treat the most significant argument as an "accumulator", and put everything else on one line if I can.
The way I read this code, the first line tells us we are performing a summation; the second line tells us we want the length of each string; the third line tells us we have a list coming; and the rest give its contents. The result "accumulates" from a list to its lengths to their sum as the indentation cascades out and up from the inside.
(foldl + 0
(map string-length
With these three rules, I now write my Racket code without bothering to customize my
.emacs file as I go. I just use delimiters judiciously to tell Emacs how I want everything indented, and everything comes out pretty much how I want it.
For anyone interested in installing this indentation mode or looking at its source code, I've put the file up on GitHub at:
https://github.com/carl-eastlund/simple-sexpTo use it, just put it somewhere your Emacs knows to look for Elisp code and add
(require 'simple-sexp) to your
.emacs file.
Addendum: Oh, and there's some structured s-expression editing code in that file as well. It preserves matched parens, brackets, braces, and quotes (for strings). It's probably a much inferior implementation of things like paredit; this code represents the flailings of an Elisp novice. Use at your own peril.


text:
Direct Wire Under Cabinet Lighting
Direct Wire Under Cabinet Lighting
Kitchens can be one of the most difficult rooms of the home for which you need to choose lighting. Lighting in this room must be practical, as well as visually appealing. Without the right lighting solutions, it can be hard to achieve this balance in one of the most visible rooms of the home. If you are struggling to find the perfect lighting solution for your home kitchen, consider direct wire under cabinet lighting.
Direct Wire Under Cabinet Lighting uses wiring that does not hang from the outlet freely. It is wired into the cabinet walls or wall itself – this is a safer choice, as no wires are loose or hanging and there is no socket, transformer or splitter anywhere. This hard wiring has less of a chance of being stuck when preparing meals and is less likely to cause a short.
In addition to safety, direct wire under cabinet lighting offers a more professional and clean-cut appearance in the kitchen. With new cabinets or new counters, no one wants to see unsightly wires hanging around. Direct wire under cabinet lighting is the perfect complement to any kitchen renovations you make. With this lighting choice, your kitchen will look cleaner and more orderly.


text:
Palm Beach Money
Tag: currency converter app
Financial App Review: OANDA Currency Converter
- 12:04 pm Monday, June 30th, 2014 by Dian Vujovich
Once upon a time, and way before ATMs, traveling the globe meant either traveling with traveler's checks or a wad of cash. Then, exchanging that cash at each and every country visited. All that exchanging was no doubt part of the intrigue of traveling but it could also be a huge nuisance if you weren't fluid in the language of a given country. After all, when it comes to money and exchange rates, being able to speak/read/and understand the language you're converting dollars into is paramount.
I found two currency converter apps that were simple to use as well as [More]


text:
"I've been listening to Catholic Answers Live for over a decade. I wouldn't be the same man without solid, faithful Catholic media. Long live the Church Militant!"
"In the week immediately before Lent everyone shall go to his confessor and confess his deeds and the confessor shall so shrive him as he then may hear by his deeds what he is to do [in the way of penance]."


text:
Search Catalogue
Sebastian Currierb.16 March 1959, USA
English Deutsch
Short Biography:
Heralded as "music with a distinctive voice" by the New York Times and as "lyrical, colorful, firmly rooted in tradition, but absolutely new" by the Washington Post, Sebastian Currier's music has been presented at major venues worldwide by acclaimed artists and orchestras.
With works spanning both chamber and orchestral genres, Currier's works have been performed by ensembles including the Cassatt, Ying, and Kronos string quartets, the New World and San Francisco symphonies, and the New York Philharmonic. Recent works include Deep-Sky Objects for soprano and ensemble, Fifteen Minutes for flute, harp, and viola, Quanta for orchestra, Flow for chamber sextet, Ringtone Variations for violin and double bass, Cadence, Fugue, Fade, for brass quintet, Parallel Worlds for flute and string quartet, and Artificial Memory for chamber ensemble and electronics. Premieres to take place in 2015 include Divisions for orchestra, and Spark, written for the 12 Cellists of the Berlin Philharmonic.
His music has been enthusiastically embraced by violinist Anne-Sophie Mutter: his "rapturously beautiful" (New York Times) violin concerto Time Machines, commissioned by Ms. Mutter, was premiered by the New York Philharmonic in June 2011, and a recording of the performance was released by Deutsche Grammophon the following September.
Currier has received many prestigious awards including the Grawemeyer Award (for the chamber piece Static), Berlin Prize, Rome Prize, a Guggenheim Fellowship, a fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts, and an Academy Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and has held residencies at the MacDowell and Yaddo colonies.
Sebastian Currier is published by Boosey & Hawkes.
— December 2014
This biography can be reproduced free of charge in concert programs with the following credit:
Reprinted by kind permission of Boosey & Hawkes.
Long Biography:
His music has been enthusiastically embraced by violinist Anne-Sophie Mutter, for whom he wrote Aftersong, which she performed extensively in the US and Europe, including Carnegie Hall in New York, Symphony Hall in Boston, the Barbican in London, and the Grosses Festspielhaus in Salzburg. A critic from The Times (UK) said, "If all his pieces are as emotionally charged and ingenious in their use of rethought tonality as this, give me more." His violin concerto, Time Machines, dedicated to Ms. Mutter, was premiered by the New York Philharmonic in June 2011, and called "rapturously beautiful" by the New York Times. A work for chorus and orchestra, Sleepers and Dreamers, was premiered at the 2012 Grant Park Music Festival in honor of the 50th anniversary of the festival's chorus. Works premiered during the 2012–13 season included Deep-Sky Objects, for soprano and ensemble; Fifteen Minutes, for flute, harp, and viola; Quanta, for orchestra; Flow, for chamber sextet; and Ringtone Variations, for violin and double bass. The world premiere of Cadence, Fugue, Fade, written for the American Brass Quintet, took place in October 2013.
His chamber music was presented by the Berlin Philharmonic in 2007 and 2008, and included three world premieres. In December 2009, he returned to Berlin again for the premiere of his harp concerto Traces, which was commissioned by the Berlin Philharmonic and performed by harpist Marie-Pierre Langlamet under the baton of Donald Runnicles.
His Microsymph, referred to by the composer as a large-scale symphony that has been squeezed into only ten minutes, was commissioned by the American Composers Orchestra and premiered at Carnegie Hall. It has also been performed by such orchestras as the San Francisco Symphony, the Gewandhaus Orchestra, Eos Orchestra, and the National Symphony Orchestra, and has been recorded by the Frankfurt Radio Orchestra with Hugh Wolff, conductor.
He has also written works that involve electronic media and video. Next Atlantis features a dialogue between string orchestra and pre-recorded sounds of water, evoking the infamous lost city, and was premiered by the American Composers Orchestra at Carnegie hall in 2010. Nightmaze, a multimedia piece based on a text of Thomas Bolt in which the protagonist dreams he is rushing along a dark, enormous highway, where strange road signs loom up only to disappear into the night, has been performed by Network for New Music and the Mosaic Ensemble. The Philadelphia Inquirer said "every turn is breathtaking" and the New York Times, "Currier's rich and imaginative music sets the right tone, with its fractured and dissonant baroque-like gestures leading off like highway exits into the void and hinting at distant reservoirs of emotion and yearning."
Recordings include his violin concerto Time Machines with Anne-Sophie Mutter and the New York Philharmonic on Deutsche Grammophon, Next Atlantis with the Ying Quartet on Naxos, and "On the Verge" from Music from Copland House, featuring his Grawemeyer Award-winning Static, and other chamber works. His "Quartetset/Quiet Time" album, recorded by the Cassatt Quartet, says Anne Midgette for the New York Times, "…distances the present from the past, causing the listener to think about music itself."
He has received many prestigious awards including the Berlin Prize, Rome Prize, a Guggenheim Fellowship, a fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts, and an Academy Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and has held residencies at the MacDowell and Yaddo colonies. He received a DMA from the Juilliard School; and from 1999-2007 he taught at Columbia University.
Sebastian Currier is published by Boosey & Hawkes.
—December 2013
This biography can be reproduced free of charge in concert programs with the following credit:
Reprinted by kind permission of Boosey & Hawkes.
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At the moment, she is placid. Sometimes she can't get started on her alloted days of cleaning, and she has to ask politely, "please empty my dirt bin." This happens often if I forget to empty her dirt bin before letting her return to docking. Today, I emptied her dirt bin, but still she wouldn't leave her docking station. I pushed the start button and all I got was a plaintive little sound, and these words flashed across her tiny screen, "My brushes are stuck. Please clean my brushes." I turned her over. Yuck! Her brushes looked like a werewolf -- black dog hair twined around the brushes and sticking out in a most scary way. I cleaned her brushes and extracted black dog hair from around her bushings. Then I set her back down and again pushed the button.
Her little screen flashed a thank you, and notified me that she was now cleaning the house. She didn't seem to be upset by these indignities caused by and in her human's house, but still there is a controller out there, whether it be the malevolent SkyNet or just the controlling Vickie Should I worry?
~ ~ ~
© Joan G. Hill, Roots'n'Leaves Publications


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Stolen cellphone helps nab burglar
Published On: Feb 06 2013 04:22:42 PM CST
An accused burglar who had his victim's cellphone in his pocket was busted when Appleton police called the phone while questioning the suspect.
Homeowners in Appleton woke up about 2 a.m. Tuesday to find someone trying to steal their TV. Police say the burglar fled after the homeowners woke up, but not before stealing a cellphone.
The Outagamie County Sheriff's Department and its canine unit helped track down the suspected burglar at another residence in Appleton. WLUK-TV says police called the stolen cellphone. The suspect's coat pocket started ringing and police say they knew they had their burglar.
Copyright 2013 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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We are Korean Moms in training dedicated to psycho-analyzing our moms, reliving horrible memories of embarrassment and dread for the benefit of the public...all the while laughing like a wheezy grandpa. Someone needs to pay for our therapy...
Friday, April 9, 2010
#57 Names
Korean Moms have a special place in their hearts for bible names. Especially if you are her son. They love their sons. Is your name Matthew, Mark, Luke, or John? No? Then you are probably an Amos, David, Samuel, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Andrew, or Moses. Perhaps your KM attempted to harness all her Jesus power in one fell swoop and called you 'Christian'. Are you now a pastor, Christian? At the very least you probably play the guitar or tambourine. If you are a woman, chances are you got away with a semi-non-biblical name. There was no way she was going to name you after a ho like Delilah or Jezebel. Still, I bet your name is Grace, Christine, and maybe Caroline if your KM has a thing for Neil Diamond.
Either you were given a bible name, a bible name along with a Korean name, or just a Korean name. Sadly, a name that white people will butcher for the rest of your life. Is your name Joon-suk? Did you grow up with kids screaming "Joon sucks!" whenever you went out to trick or treat in your hanbok(traditional Korean clothing)? Do you still have that hanbok? I bet you do Joon Sucks. Maybe non-Koreans have heard your Korean name and asked 'Hey, can you write my name in Korean too?'. So then you have to spell out Peter like 'Pee-Tah' in Korean so Mr. SWM can go to the tattoo parlor and etch it forever onto his bicep. If he's really feeling it, he might go all out and get a Chinese dragon curled around it breathing fire, because 'Pee-Tah' is so manly and Jersey Shore-ish. Don't you agree? But I digress. Perhaps you have resorted to calling yourself by the first letter of your Korean name to save yourself explanation and humiliation. Kyung Hee, do you go by Kay? Kyu Pyo do you go by 'Q' 'cause you're cool like that? I bet you do.
Korean Moms love your Korean name. This is the name they will use to hold you by the balls till the bitter end. The way a Korean Mom uses your Korean name is akin to the way homeland security uses colors for their terrorist threat advisory scale. It's all good if she calls you by your English name. In other words, homeland security says 'Yellow', the threat is elevated. What happened to 'Green' you ask? There is no 'Green'. If your KM is looking at you, talking to you, is remotely aware of you within a 10 mile radius, or for that matter able to dial your number, one slow digit at a time, on her first generation Nokia cellphone with the large numbers for blind people and fat fingers, you are not safe. Ever. When she steps it up and calls you by your Korean name the threat advisory goes instantly to 'Orange'. You have done something that merits punishment or at the very least she will now commence to lay the smack down on you. Maybe you are fat. Maybe you told her you are now a vegetarian. Maybe you are 40. And single. Maybe you are short and you are also a man. Either way, the threat is now high my friend. Once she strings your last name and Korean name together, forget it. You are now at 'Red'. Run. But be advised, she will find you LEE DONG OAK(insert stank eye). Eventually you will get hungry. Then, she will find you.
29 comments:
- ♥ said...
Your sense of humour is bloody awesome.
- April 9, 2010 at 7:09 AM
- AdamChang said...
- April 9, 2010 at 9:25 AM
- lina said...
Too funny! I also went out trick or treating in my hanbuk, both my brothers have biblical names and I was given my name because it was 'easy to pronounce'.
You are hilarious!
P.S. I also have a cousin named "Q"
- April 9, 2010 at 9:55 AM
- dreams2ashes said...
- April 9, 2010 at 11:15 AM
- dreams2ashes said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- April 9, 2010 at 11:15 AM
my brother has a bland biblical name.
meanwhile, i have a korean name when transliterated into English sounds like a name suited for a middle eastern boy. in fact, someone once told me it has a dirty meaning in arabic.
- April 9, 2010 at 12:19 PM
i know a boy whose korean name is "suk kee."
we had fun w/his name.
- April 9, 2010 at 12:21 PM
- Q said...
I go by "Q" because my hippie muslim Aunt at the time told the folks that it would be "cool" to spell Kyu-Jin as Q. Gene.
...Do you know how much shit I go through on a daily basis because of that damn period in the middle of my name?
My full name is: Q. Gene Doany Darwin John Han. It's a trainwreck of a mess because the first 3 names are actually my FIRST NAMES.
- April 9, 2010 at 12:40 PM
- dan said...
I'm a korean dad, in that my kids are korean even though I'm not. My wife is well-versed in stank-eye, though, through her Polish forebears - I can truly attest, it's like emotional wasabi if she really turns it on. The kids have biblical english names, then their Korean "given" names, hyphenated, then my wife's last name (which is sometimes a first name in english) as a second middle name, then my last name - which is an 11-letter-long ukranian-derived behemoth. Social Security couldn't fit it all on a card. They say they love me now but soon enough the resentment will set in. I will have to learn stank-eye too, I guess.
FWIW: I also save tupperware. Like, from my childhood. Good times, preserved forever....
- April 9, 2010 at 1:10 PM
- Jen said...
I was JUST telling my coworker about Korean names last week! Amen to the Bible names thing.
How many Paul Kims do we all know? or Peter? or Samuel?
And for girls, Joyce and Esther. :D
- April 9, 2010 at 1:12 PM
Yay! I missed you! Have you seen that "Grace Lee" documentary about all the Korean Grace Lees? I know about 5 Grace Lees, one of whom is my cousin.
You're just plain screwed if you have the name "Dong" or "Suk" in your name. How about Dong Suk? Guess it's better than Suk Dong!
Please post more often, because your blog makes me happy!
- April 9, 2010 at 4:15 PM
i was named after a u.s. president...my first name is a president's last name...it's so obvious...
you could tell my parents were trying hard to get me accepted by american culture...
i would have preferred a biblical name...
- April 10, 2010 at 2:43 AM
ahahahahaha there is no green!! :)
we missed u!!!!
- April 12, 2010 at 3:18 AM
"Maybe you are fat. Maybe you told her you are now a vegetarian. Maybe you are 40. And single. Maybe you are short and you are also a man. Either way, the threat is now high my friend."
-Thank God for 한약
- April 14, 2010 at 4:00 AM
- Edward said...
Hey! You forgot Esther or Hannah for girl names!
- April 14, 2010 at 3:36 PM
- Wife and Mommy said...
You posted! You finally posted!!
Not only did you forget Esther or Hannah, but also Helen. Or Julie. I know lots of Julie Kims.
My folks went the opposite route and gave me a very not-Korean American name. It sounds kind of strange with my Korean last name.
- April 20, 2010 at 8:51 AM
- jodie said...
Shout out to all those Jays out there too! Jaebum, Jaemin, Jaehan...You know who you are. :P
- April 21, 2010 at 3:06 AM
Hi, oh wow, your blog is SO funny!
I'm ethnically chinese & u know what, whatever a KM does goes for a CM too! Must be an asian thing, haha.
Both my children have biblical & chinese names & I too use the colour coded warning system with their names! But mine has the safe/green level tho, haha.
Please post again soon.
p/s I've stacks of hoarded plastic bags too....
- May 2, 2010 at 11:28 PM
- seitzk said...
I went trick-or-treating in my hanbok TOOO!!!!!!
- May 9, 2010 at 9:57 PM
- Caroline said...
Oh gosh. I almost sent my then 2 yr old trick or treating in her hanbok. But I supressed the urge when I remembered having to do so when I was little!!! I love your writing style and how I am so reminded of my mother.
- June 1, 2010 at 12:45 PM
I wasn't given a Korean name...mom just named me Ann. But she prefers to say it like "ANNIIIEEEEE!" o_o;
- June 11, 2010 at 6:15 PM
You are freaking hilarious. Really. I love reading your blog. Keep it up!
- June 27, 2010 at 12:00 AM
Does anyone else have a name their korean mom can't pronounce properly? My name is Patrick but my mom calls me Pah Too Ree.
- July 29, 2010 at 1:11 AM
- Jullietta said...
My Korean name is Mina.
What's the alert status after red? Well that's what it is when my mum screams Mee-na-ya.
- July 31, 2010 at 11:59 PM
- Virginia said...
My brothers were blessed with the bible names: Simon and Benjamin. Me? I got named after the state I was born in: Virginia. For years I got, "oh Virginia from Virginia..(point) haha." Of course my parents could never properly say my name... always almost saying "Bagina" in front of my school friends. Although she did give me a Korean name... A Korean name that had no Chinese character associations so that no one can do fortune telling on my name? Weird. Have you heard of that? My mom goes to fortune tellers all the time and swears by them (by picking and choosing what she wants to hear and believe in.)... meanwhile loving Jesus and praising God. LOVE my KM! :)
- October 7, 2010 at 2:12 AM
People who don't know me well calls me Angela. Close friends call me Ange. My KM calls me "NG" (Angie) on yellow light, and then my last name and Korean name together on red, which is when of course I start running. Can't agree more with your blog! Love my KM!
- October 9, 2010 at 9:40 AM
- sandrea said...
Bwahahahah@ "Bagina", which i am sure was more like "bah-jin-yah". i was always jealous of my friends' korean names. i got sandrea. like sangria.
please start posting again, as i just found this blog and i love it so much. i lost my km almost 4 years ago and this gives me really warm and happy memories. (i also inherited the corningware that is used on the background, and i use it religiously)
- January 10, 2011 at 11:08 PM
- LAX Car Service said...
I literally laughed out loud the more I read this post. So the question is, who would win in a fight? An angry Korean Mom or Chuck Norris?
- April 13, 2011 at 7:10 PM
Korean mom vs. Chuck Norris? It would be a battle so awesome that the world would be destroyed in the conflict!
- May 9, 2011 at 8:02 PM


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NEW LONDON, Wis. (AP) -- A Wisconsin school district has added police radios as an extra layer of security.
Thanks to private donations, the New London School District now has police radios in its public and private schools.
New London School District Administrator Bill Fitzpatrick tells WLUK-TV (http://bit.ly/ZnaNpO) he thinks the district is prepared.
The district and the police department raised nearly $16,000 to buy 13 new police radios.
Police Chief Jeff Schlueter says police don't want to delay their response by even 30 seconds -- they want to respond now.
Fundraising began in January, and now, each of the eight schools in the district has at least one radio.
The idea came in response to the deadly Newtown, Conn., school shooting last December.


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I had spent the previous day moving one of my riding mowers back out to the country for a larger than a push mower area. To get the mower out to the property, I needed a trailer; one was at the property full of palm leaves my son-in-law left and another was at my son's house down the road from the country location.
Before I could do that, I needed to get one of my three hitches for my vehicle. One was in my son-in-law's truck two hours away. One was in my son's truck in a repair shop two hours in a different direction. The third sat in my utility room with no pin.
I went to the parts store to purchase a pin and put the hitch on my Yukon and headed to my son's. I backed up to the trailer, somewhat off, but as I turned to get back in my vehicle, my son popped out of his house and dismissed me, "Let me get this, Mom."
When the vehicle stopped, I began to crank the handle to raise the "leg" (I don't know all the terms for these things. I just know the doomajingy needed to be raised to lower the trailer and let the vehicle and the trailer lock into place.)
As I pushed in some piece to slide the sleeve to lock the hitch, my son warned, "Watch your fingers, Mom." So I did what my husband used to do and kicked it into place with my boot.
I asked if I were winding the crank the right way and he took over there as well. On my way to pick up my mower, he called me to instruct me on tying it down - visions of my husband's Gravely bouncing off the very same trailer running through his head, I'm sure.
Honestly, if my husband hadn't already gone to his great reward, that would have sent him! I know it made me sick watching it through the rearview mirror. Of course, I wouldn't have had to rely on anyone else to tie it down or fix it had he been here.
In town, I pushed the mower out of its spot, needing a new battery and not taking the time to replace it yet. The mower loaded, I tied it down with the strap he'd given me, tightening with each pull and feeling somewhat accomplished at this point.
OK, I can do this!
Of course, my son stopped by on his way to work to show me the error of my ways, while I thought it more a matter of preference in the execution. I arrived at the property and drove into the yard area only to realize the jumper cables didn't reach that far back to jump start the mower.
I pushed the mower off the trailer and around to the front of the vehicle to get it started. Finally, after several tries, the mower kicked in and I got my mowing done. I spent two hours to do 1 1/2 hours of mowing. Of course, I had my 2-year-old grandson to "help" me as well, which may have played a part in the time issue.
All that we know and experience in this life is to help us grow and learn. But, "We do not want you to become lazy, but to imitate those who through faith and patience inherit what has been promised." (Hebrews 6:12)
So, while I tend to have to do more without Chris, I realize that my life would be even more difficult if I did not have God to help me through these times. It takes me a little longer to accomplish some things alone, but I have been getting things done and growing through the experience.
Even more, I am appreciative of my dad's earliest training for us all in doing both indoor and outdoor work. And, although I know my way around a kitchen fairly well, I tend to enjoy the outdoors much more. So any amount of time spent there is fine by me, especially since the high temps have dropped recently to the low 80's.


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I have struggled with milk supply issues, since my LO has been about 8 weeks old. She is going to be 9 months this month! Needless to say, I have been breastfeeding, but needed to use Reglan to get my milk supply up enough for her. I was away from my pills for 1 day. I take 4 a day, and was not able to pump, and now my supply has gone way down. So low that we are burning through freezer stash and I don't know what else I can do. I am already mixing her bottles with 1/2 formula and 1/2 EBM. I didn't think that one day would do so much damage. I think i should be on my cycle soon, so hoping that maybe that has something to do with it...
Has anyone been in this same boat? Any advice from other momma's that have had to use medications?
I can't get out of my head that 'pregnancy is a cause for your milk supply to drop'. I don't really keep track of my cycles anyways, but i thought i should be on mine about now?! yikes! not that i wouldn't be happy, but would not want one just quite yet!! aaaahhh! now i may have to run to the store on my way home from work. geesh! i have had problems since i skipped that one day though, so i think that is it.


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