text:
Editor's Note: Zeroconf, also known by Apple's trade name of Bonjour, and previously as Rendezvous, offers interesting solutions to the problems of self-networking, in the potential absence of host naming and address assignment. Zeroconf applications can advertise themselves on the network and discover available services. Zero Configuration Networking: The Definitive Guide, by Stuart Cheshire and Daniel H. Steinberg, introduces the concepts and the many implementations of Zeroconf, including its Java API. In this first of a two-part introduction, the authors look at registering a service with Java.
Related Reading
Zero Configuration Networking: The Definitive Guide
Starting in Mac OS X 10.3.9, new APIs enable Java software to advertise and discover services on the network using Zeroconf's DNS Service Discovery. The same Java DNS-SD APIs are also available in Bonjour for Windows, Bonjour for Linux, Solaris, *BSD, etc., enabling Java software to make use of Zeroconf's DNS Service Discovery across a wide range of platforms, not just on Mac OS X. In this chapter, you will take a quick look through the APIs, see short examples of how to register, browse for, add TXT records to, and resolve services, and finally see a complete example of using Java DNS-SD in a tic-tac-toe game.
com.apple.dnssd package exposes an abstract factory class,
DNSSD, used to create the various types of
DNSSDService objects, two classes used to manipulate DNS records, a collection of interfaces that are implemented as appropriate by client code to receive callback messages, and an exception:
Factory Class:
References to ongoing asynchronous operations:
DNS Record Classes:
Callback Interface Classes, implemented by client:
DNSSD Error Exception:
The pattern for using the APIs will most often consist of calling a static method from the
DNSSD factory class, passing in an instance of a class that implements the appropriate interface to receive callback messages. For example, when calling
DNSSD.browse( ) to initiate a browsing operation, the client must supply an object that implements the
BrowseListener interface.
As with all the different flavors of DNS-SD API, the Java APIs are asynchronous—you start an operation and get callback messages when interesting events happen—and to make effective use of the API, it is helpful to understand the mechanism by which those callback messages are delivered. Recall that in the C API, since there is no single event-handling model universally adopted by all C programs, the API returns a socket file descriptor to the client, so that the client can integrate it into the client's chosen event-handling model, such as a
select( ) loop or similar. In contrast, when using the Mac OS X Cocoa APIs, it is assumed that the client will be using a Cocoa
RunLoop, so ongoing asynchronous operations are automatically added to the current
RunLoop, and events are automatically delivered sequentially to the client, as with other
RunLoop events.
Unlike C (and its standard libraries), Java was designed from the start with full support for multithreaded code, so just as it is reasonable to assume that Cocoa programs use a
RunLoop, it is reasonable to assume that Java programs can take advantage of threads. For this reason, Java clients get a benefit not present in the C API: Java clients don't need to take any special scheduling action to receive the events generated by the DNS-SD APIs. As soon as an asynchronous operation is initiated, the listener object will immediately begin receiving events, delivered "by magic," as it were, on a different thread automatically created for this purpose. Of course, all magic comes at some cost, and the cost is that the client code needs to be thread-safe. The moment a client thread calls
DNSSD.browse( ), the listener object may start receiving events, running on another thread, even before the
DNSSD.browse( ) call has returned to the caller. For this reason, even though the
DNSSDService object is returned as the result of the
DNSSD.browse( ) call, it is also passed as the first parameter in listener object methods, so that those methods can get reliable access to that value if they need it (for example, to stop the operation once they've received the result they need). Don't make the mistake of writing client code that calls
DNSSD.browse( ) and places the result into some global or class variable, and then writing listener object methods that make use of the value in that variable. Frequently, the listener object methods will be invoked so quickly that they will be running before the main thread has done its assignment, resulting in the listener object methods accessing the value of the variable before it has been set.
Another issue to be aware of is that some other Java APIs have multithreading restrictions. For example, if you're writing Swing/AWT GUI code, it's important to remember that Swing components can be accessed by only one thread at a time. Generally, this thread is the event-dispatching thread. If you don't heed this warning, and you make Swing calls from other threads, then your program will be unreliable and is likely to fail randomly in mysterious ways. Since the typical purpose of a
BrowseListener object is to update the user interface in response to services coming and going on the network, and since
BrowseListener events are delivered asynchronously as they happen, on their own thread, this presents a small dilemma. How can a
BrowseListener method legally perform Swing/AWT user interface operations? The solution is that the
BrowseListener should use
SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait to cause the event to be handled synchronously on the AWT event dispatching thread, where it can safely make user interface calls. The tic-tac-toe programming example at the end of this chapter demonstrates how to do this. There is also some sample code in the Clients/Java folder of Apple's Darwin mDNSResponder project. That code defines helper classes with names like
SwingBrowseListener, which act as intermediaries between the raw DNS-SD events, delivered on their own background threads, and your own listener routines, which need to run on the AWT event-dispatching thread if they're going to make user interface calls. These helper objects receive the raw DNS-SD events on your behalf and then schedule your listener method to be executed on the AWT event-dispatching thread. Similar techniques can be used to accommodate other packages that have their own multithreading restrictions.
In this section, you will survey the
com.apple.dnssd package.
The factory class
com.apple.dnssd.DNSSD is the workhorse of the Java DNS-SD API. You never instantiate objects of this class but instead call one of these
public static methods:
static DNSSDRegistration register(java.lang.String serviceName, java.lang.String regType, int port, com.apple.dnssd.RegisterListener listener)
static DNSSDRegistration register(int flags, int ifIndex, java.lang.String serviceName, java.lang.String regType, java.lang.String domain, java.lang.String host, int port, com.apple.dnssd.TXTRecord txtRecord, com.apple.dnssd.Register-Listener listener)
static DNSSDService browse(java.lang.String regType, com.apple.dnssd.Browse-Listener listener)
static DNSSDService browse(int flags, int ifIndex, java.lang.String regType, java.lang.String domain, com.apple.dnssd.BrowseListener listener)
static DNSSDService resolve(int flags, int ifIndex, java.lang.String serviceName, java.lang.String regType, java.lang.String domain, com.apple.dnssd.ResolveListener listener)
By now, with knowledge of the dns-sd command-line tool and the C API, the register/browse/resolve operations should be quite familiar. One difference to be aware of is that, whereas the DNSServiceDiscovery C API follows the established Berkeley Sockets convention that port numbers are always given in network byte order, the standard Java networking APIs use port numbers in host integer byte order, and the DNSServiceDiscovery Java API adheres to that established Java convention. Another difference you will notice is that the Java API has two
register methods and two
browse methods. Whereas the C API always requires you to pass the full set of parameters for any given call (passing zero or NULL to indicate default values), the Java API makes use of method overloading to provide variants. If you don't want to limit browsing to a particular interface, you're happy to let the system pick the domain(s) to browse, and you don't need to specify any special flags, then you can just leave out those parameters completely and use the simpler version of the
browse( ) method.
static DNSSDService enumerateDomains(int flags, int ifIndex, com.apple.dnssd.DomainListener listener)
static DNSSDService queryRecord(int flags, int ifIndex, java.lang.String serviceName, int rrtype, int rrclass, com.apple.dnssd.QueryListener listener)
static void reconfirmRecord(int flags, int ifIndex, java.lang.String fullName, int rrtype, int rrclass, byte[] rdata)
These three methods provide access to some of the more specialized DNS-SD functionality: enumerating the list of wide-area domains recommended for this network, querying for a specific individual named DNS Resource Record Set (RRSet), and signaling to the daemon that you believe a particular DNS Resource Record in its cache may be stale and out of date. The way they work is exactly equivalent to their counterparts in the C API.
As a simple example, you can browse for a service of type
_example._tcp from the command line using:
dns-sd -B _example._tcp
In a Java program, you can accomplish the same task using a call to
DNSSD.browse, as shown in the example below, where
myBrowseListener is an instance of a class that implements the
BrowseListener interface:
DNSSDService b = DNSSD.browse("_example._tcp", myBrowseListener);
The result of the
DNSSD.browse( ) call is a reference to the newly created
DNSSDService object, which you need to keep so that you can call
b.stop( ) when it's time to stop the ongoing operation. If you never call
b.stop( ), then the asynchronous operation you've initiated will run forever, consuming network bandwidth, memory, and CPU time until your program eventually exits! Typically, a program would call
DNSSD.browse( ) when a user brings up a window to browse the network, and call
b.stop( ) when the user closes that window.
It is common for the object making the
DNSSD.browse call to implement the
BrowseListener interface itself, in which case, you would substitute
this in place of
In addition to the classes detailed above, the
DNSSD class contains the following utility methods:
constructFullName(java.lang.String serviceName, java.lang.String regType, java.lang.String domain)
getIfIndexForName(java.lang.String ifName)
getNameForIfIndex(int ifIndex)
DNS-SD uses structured service names, containing an instance name, a service type, and a domain. In the on-the-wire format used in DNS packets, the three components are concatenated into a single, fully qualified DNS name. If you need to mix and match the service-oriented DNS-SD APIs with conventional low-level DNS APIs, you'll need to know the right fully qualified DNS name to use for a particular service. The
constructFullName( ) call builds the correct fully qualified DNS name from DNS-SD's
regtype, and
domain. The name is also properly escaped according to the standard DNS conventions; for example, if the instance name contains a dot (
.), then it will appear as (
\.) in the escaped DNS name, as required by the standard DNS APIs.
On machines with multiple physical interfaces, DNS-SD allows you to optionally restrict registering, browsing, and resolving to a single physical interface. To do this, you pass an interface index value when making the API calls. Because Java has historically not provided APIs for working with interface indexes, the Java DNS-SD API provides a couple of helper functions,
getIfIndexForName( ) and
getNameForIfIndex( ), which convert from an interface name to its index value, and vice versa.
DNSSD class also includes constants (of type
public final static int) that are used in various places by the API. For example, when you register a service, if a different service of that type already exists with the same name, Multicast DNS will normally pick a new unique name for you automatically. If, instead, you would like the service registration to simply fail and signal an error so that you can write your own code to select a new name, then you would pass the flag value
NO_AUTO_RENAME when calling
DNSSD.register( ).
With most DNS-SD operations, you don't want to block and wait for a response. You will generally issue a request and pass in a handle to an object that implements the appropriate listener interface. This listener will then be called when interesting events occur, such as discovery of an instance of the service type you're looking for.
All of the interfaces in the
com.apple.dnssd package extend
BaseListener. As a result, every listener must implement the
operationFailed method:
operationFailed(com.apple.dnssd.DNSSDService service, int errorCode)
If an asynchronous operation encounters a failure condition, then the listener's
operationFailed( ) method is called. These kinds of failures are rare. For example, one contrived way you could deliberately cause the
operationFailed( ) method to be called would be to start a DNS-SD operation and then kill the background daemon with a Unix
kill 8-9 command. Currently, under normal circumstances, the only asynchronous failure that applications may reasonably need to expect are name conflicts for service registrations. If a program registers a service using the
NO_AUTO_RENAME flag, and the computer subsequently joins a network where a service of the same type with that name already exists, then the program will get informed via an
operationFailed( ) callback that it's service registration had to be cancelled, and if it wants to continue advertising, then it should pick a new name and try again. (If the program didn't specify
NO_AUTO_RENAME, then its service registration will be automatically renamed on its behalf, and it will be notified of the new name via a
serviceRegistered callback instead.)
Each asynchronous operation (e.g., register, browse, resolve) has its corresponding Listener interface (e.g.,
DNSSDException class is used to report DNS-SD error conditions. This exception generally indicates a programming error and is not expected to occur during normal program operation. (The only exceptional condition a program should be prepared to deal with during normal operation are name conflicts for advertised services, and those events are reported asynchronously via
operationFailed or
serviceRegistered callbacks.)
Just as with all Java exceptions, your exception handler can use
getMessage( ) to get a string describing the nature of the error, and it can use
printStackTrace( ) to show you where the error occurred. If you want to find the actual error code from the daemon, you can use the
DNSSDException class's
getErrorCode( ) method. Table 8-1 shows error codes returned by the mdnsd daemon.
In this section, you will see quick examples of performing specific tasks using the Java APIs. You will begin by registering a service and verifying that it is being advertised correctly by using the dns-sd command-line tool. Next, you will browse using Java code to discover the service you just registered, and resolve the service to get the target host and port number. The final example in this section revisits registering a service, but this time with attached attributes, stored in the service's TXT record.
There are two steps you must take to register a service:
DNSSD.register( ) using one of the two available signatures.
Provide a class that implements the
RegisterListener interface.
The first step can be as simple as a single line of code:
DNSSDRegistration r = DNSSD.register("Moët & Chandon", "_example._tcp", 9099, this);
This advertises a service of type
_example._tcp, which is listening on port
9099, with the instance name
Moët & Chandon. Remember that instance names are not restricted like conventional DNS hostnames. Service instance names can contain uppercase, lowercase, spaces, punctuation, accented characters, and even non-roman characters like Kanji.
The return value from calling
DNSSD.register( ) is a
DNSSDRegistration object.
DNSSDRegistration extends
DNSSDService, so you can use the
stop( ) method when it is time to stop advertising the service.
You can also add additional records to a registered service, and you can get a reference to the service's primary TXT record if you need to update that record to contain new data:
DNSRecord addRecord(int flags, int rrType, byte[] rData, int ttl)
DNSRecord getTXTRecord( )
Most applications don't need to use the calls, but one well-known example that does is iChat, which adds the user's image icon as an additional record and updates the service's TXT record each time the user's status message changes.
register( ) method might throw a
DNSSDException, which must be caught. In our example program, the only reason you'd get an exception would be if you had an illegal parameter because of a typing mistake, say, "_txp" where it should say "_tcp." Using
printStackTrace( ) in your exception handler can help you track down and debug this kind of mistake.
Before you compile this code, you first need to make sure that the calling object (
this) implements the required
RegisterListener interface.
To fulfill the requirement for a
RegisterListener, you could create a whole new class especially for this purpose, but usually that is not necessary. Usually, the object responsible for registering a service is also the natural place to handle events pertaining to that registration, so all you have to do is add
serviceRegistered( ) and
operationFailed( ) methods to that class and declare that it now implements the
RegisterListener interface.
In this current example, name conflicts should be handled automatically for us because we don't use
NO_AUTO_RENAME, so we don't expect the
operationFailed( ) method to be called at all. If it is called, it just prints a message to the standard error output to help us debug the code and find out what went wrong.
serviceRegistered( ) method in our example will print a message to standard output displaying the advertised service's name, type, and domain. Note that the service's name may not be the name we asked for, if that name is already in use. Indeed, many programs don't specify a name at all, just passing in an empty string for the name and letting DNS-SD automatically use the system-wide default name, handling name conflicts as necessary.
public void serviceRegistered(DNSSDRegistration registration, int flags,
String serviceName, String regType, String domain)
System.out.println("Registered Name : " + serviceName);
System.out.println(" Type : " + regType);
System.out.println(" Domain: " + domain);
It's important to understand that in the dynamic world of networking, success at one moment in time is not a guarantee of continued future success in perpetuity. The
serviceRegistered callback indicates that, at this moment, the service is being advertised on the network under the indicated name. Over the lifetime of a long-running program, the program should expect that it is quite possible that the name may change, and the
serviceRegistered( ) method may be called again with new data. After the initial probing and announcement of the chosen unique service name, that name may subsequently change as a result of both internal and external factors.
The internal factor is explicit user action. If you registered your service using an empty string for the name so that your service uses the system-wide default name, and the user subsequently decides to change the system-wide default name, then she doesn't need to quit and relaunch your server for it to get the new name. The name is updated live, and you will get a new
serviceRegistered( ) callback telling you the new name.
The external factor that may cause your service name to change is connecting to a new network. If the user starts your server on his laptop when it's not connected to any network, and then (perhaps hours or days later) connects to a network where your chosen name is already in use, one of two things will happen. If you specified
NO_AUTO_RENAME, then your
operationFailed method will be called. If you did not specify
NO_AUTO_RENAME, then Multicast DNS will automatically select a new unique name for you and notify you with a new
serviceRegistered callback.
The importance of the instance name provided in the
serviceRegistered( ) callback depends on what kind of program you're writing. For a background process like an FTP server with no user interface, the program itself may not care at all what name is being advertised, as long as users can find it and connect. For a server program with a user interface, it may want to find out its advertised name simply for cosmetic reasons, to display it in a status window.
The kind of program for which the reported instance name is most interesting is the kind that's both a client and a server. For example, iChat advertises its presence on the network using Bonjour and, at the same time, browses to find other iChat instances on the network. One of the instances it discovers will be itself, but naturally iChat wants its Bonjour window to show only other users on the network, not itself. By comparing discovered instances against its own name as reported in the
serviceRegistered( ) callback, iChat can tell when it has discovered itself on the network and filter that particular discovered entity from the list displayed in its Bonjour window.
Some developers have asked why DNS-SD doesn't do this filtering automatically. The problem is that the definition of self is slippery. Does self mean the same machine? Same user ID? Same process? Same thread? Automatically preventing discovery of all services on the same machine would be wrong. Some background processes use a web-based configuration interface, which they advertise with DNS-SD. If DNS-SD couldn't discover services on the same machine, these local background processes wouldn't show up in Safari on that machine. This would create the nonsensical situation where you could configure the process from any machine on the network except the one where the process is actually running! Another problem scenario is multiuser Unix machines, which can have more than one user logged on at a time. If DNS-SD couldn't discover services on the same machine, two users logged onto the same Unix machine from different X Window terminals would be effectively invisible to each other. Preventing discovery of services that happen to be running with the same user ID causes a similar set of inadvertent problems.
Automatically filtering discovery of services advertised from the same Unix process ID also doesn't necessarily give the results you might want. Sometimes the entity doing the browsing and the entity doing the advertising aren't the same process, even though they are conceptually related. For example, in Mac OS X Printer Sharing, the UI code showing the list of network printers doesn't want to show local printers that are being shared on the network by this machine, but the code displaying the print dialog user interface is not the same Unix process as the background process advertising those printers. In this case, automatic filtering based on Unix process IDs would fail to provide the desired result.
Ultimately, the only way to meet the needs of all applications is to report the names of advertised services in the
serviceRegistered( ) callback and let applications that require some kind of self-filtering implement that filtering, in the way that makes sense for that particular application.
For the most part, though, most applications don't need any kind of self-filtering. If you find yourself thinking that you don't want to discover entities on the same machine, the question to ask is, "Why?" Usually, the answer will be that there's a different way to discover and communicate with entities on the same machine. If that's the case, the question to ask is, "Why?" Why have two different ways of doing the same thing, one for local entities and a different one for remote entities? Sometimes there are valid performance arguments for making local entities a special case, but in most cases, it is just a historical design accident. In most cases, instead of having two different mechanisms for doing roughly the same thing, each with their own bugs, features, and idiosyncrasies, it is smarter to have one mechanism—built on IP—and concentrate on making that IP-based mechanism fully featured, reliable, and efficient.
Example 8-1 shows a complete listing, which you can compile with javac, to advertise a named service using DNS-SD. This program uses new
ServerSocket(0); to get a unique port number assigned by the system so that it can advertise it via DNS-SD, but it does not include code to actually provide any real service on this port. In this example, the program just waits for 30 seconds doing nothing, then calls
b.stop( ) and exits.
import java.net.*;
import com.apple.dnssd.*;
class TestRegister implements RegisterListener
// Display error message on failure
public void operationFailed(DNSSDService service, int errorCode)
System.out.println("Registration failed " + errorCode);
// Display registered name on success
public void serviceRegistered(DNSSDRegistration registration, int flags,
String serviceName, String regType, String domain)
System.out.println("Registered Name : " + serviceName);
System.out.println(" Type : " + regType);
System.out.println(" Domain: " + domain);
// Do the registration
public TestRegister(String name, int port)
throws DNSSDException, InterruptedException
System.out.println("Registration Starting");
System.out.println("Requested Name: " + name);
System.out.println(" Port: " + port);
DNSSDRegistration r = DNSSD.register(name, "_example._tcp", port, this);
Thread.sleep(30000); // Wait thirty seconds, then exit
System.out.println("Registration Stopping");
r.stop( );
public static void main(String[] args)
if (args.length > 1)
System.out.println("Usage: java TestRegister name");
// If name specified, use it, else use default name
String name = (args.length > 0) ? args[0] : null;
// Let system allocate us an available port to listen on
ServerSocket s = new ServerSocket(0);
new TestRegister(name, s.getLocalPort( ));
catch(Exception e)
e.printStackTrace( );
The easiest way to verify that the program successfully registers a service is to start up dns-sd and start browsing for services of type
_example._tcp using the command:
% dns-sd -B _example._tcp
Browsing for _example._tcp
Open a separate terminal window and compile TestRegister.java:
% javac TestRegister.java
Now you can run the TestRegister program by executing:
% java TestRegister "My Chosen Name"
Registration Starting
Requested Name: My Chosen Name
Port: 51619
After a one-second pause, when it has confirmed that the name is indeed unique, it also prints:
Registered Name : My Chosen Name
Type : _example._tcp.
Domain: local.
In the first terminal window, where you are running dns-sd, you will now see that "My Chosen Name" appears. After 30 seconds, the program will display "Registration Stopping" and exit, and in the dns-sd window you should see a remove event as the named service goes away.
With our TestRegister program, we can also demonstrate name conflict detection and automatic renaming. Run the TestRegister program again in the second terminal window and, while it is still running, quickly open a third terminal window and run the same command again:
% java TestRegister "My Chosen Name"
Registration Starting
Requested Name: My Chosen Name
Port: 51625
Registered Name : My Chosen Name (2)
Type : _example._tcp.
Domain: local.
This time you'll see that, because the name "My Chosen Name" was already in use for a different advertised service, the second instance was automatically renamed to "My Chosen Name (2)."
One detail worth noting here is that a conflict is detected because we have two different instances of our program running, listening on different ports. Two different instances of a service can't use the same name; when browsing, the user would see only one service instance instead of two, and one or the other service would be rendered inaccessible. However, if instead of having two different instances on different ports, we had just one service instance running, listening on one port, and we simply registered that service twice with the exact same parameters—same name, same type, same host, and same port—then no conflict would be reported. Registering the same service twice is arguably a programming error, but it's not a conflict because the two registrations are in complete agreement. The API permits duplicate registrations like this to allow for proxy servers where (perhaps for fault-tolerance reasons) a given service may be deliberately advertised by multiple proxies.
This simple example highlighted the code you need to write to register an instance of a service in a Java application. What you have done is advertised that a named service of a particular type is available on this machine at the specified port. You have not set up the code to listen on that port or to react when your service is contacted. The section "An Extended Example: Tic-Tac-Toe" at the end of this chapter will take you through this additional step.
Daniel H. Steinberg is the editor for the new series of Mac Developer titles for the Pragmatic Programmers. He writes feature articles for Apple's ADC web site and is a regular contributor to Mac Devcenter. He has presented at Apple's Worldwide Developer Conference, MacWorld, MacHack and other Mac developer conferences.
Stuart Cheshire is currently a Senior Scientist with Apple Computer, specializing in Internet Protocols.
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Copyright © 2009 O'Reilly Media, Inc.


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Growing up in Romania during the 1980s under an oppressive regime was "normal" for Andrei Guruianu, assistant professor of English. As a 10-year-old he viewed his family's move to Queens, NY, in 1991 as a loss, not an opportunity. "I missed my grandparents so much," he says. "And of course there were the usual immigrant jokes at school."
Guruianu assimilated quickly, was fluent in English within a year and went on to become the salutatorian of his elementary school class. As he became more aware of his past and studied world events, he realized the significance of the revolution in Romania in 1989. "My family life totally changed and my parents left their country as a result," he says. "I was inspired to piece together the impact of this event on others."
As a graduate student at Binghamton University, he asked people to write about their experiences in Eastern Europe. In 2009, he compiled 33 submissions into an anthology titled "Twenty Years After the Fall." In fall 2010, he published his memoir "Metal and Plum," which conveys the impact of immigration on his family, the contrast of Ceausescu's Romania with the challenges of adaptation to the United States and the pain of returning to a home that is no longer really there.
"I always tell my creative writing students that you should use your own life for material," Guruianu says, who advises the NC Review. "Your private life is not off limits as a writer."


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Whenever possible, we will accommodate any requested change in the scheduled shipping or pick-up date.
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Up until recently I've always filtered by whatman syringe. This is obviously time consuming so have recently looked into bottle top filtering.
I bought some "complete units" which were plastic and not too great. I've also just bought a "Buchner"-style glass filter kit where you put paper in the top? I don't think these are the best for filtration though?
Can anyone advise if this is ok? What's the best sort of paper to use to match syringe whatman 0.2um filtering or am I looking for the wrong thing here?


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Dogs will be able to search for treats as the Cary Park District will have a Dog Egg Hunt on Wednesday at Hoffman Park.
The egg hunt for small dogs is scheduled for 6:30 p.m. The egg hunt for medium and large dogs begins at 7 p.m.
All dogs must be on a leash, and the event is free.
For more information go to www.carypark.com.
- Northwest Herald


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Welcome to the CRG Discussion Forum!Forum registration problems: Make sure you enter your email correctly and you check your spam box first. *Then* email KurtS2@gmail for help.
LS engines are great.. super power, much better gas mileage, esp when you install the appropriate O/D trans with it, but don't you wish the LS engines were not so UGLY?


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Read Leftlane every day for the latest car news.
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Mr. McCarn was born on Dec. 21, 1938 in Pawnee. He was a graduate of the University of Houston and remained an avid Cougars fan for many years.
He was preceded in death by his parents, Dora Myrtle Haley and Alva Nixon McCarn, his brother, Alva Nixon McCarn, Jr., and his sister, Nora McCarn Schultz.
Graveside services were held Sunday, July 7 at the Pawnee Cemetery in Pawnee.
In lieu of flowers, contributions can be made to The Alzheimer's Foundation of America, 322 Eighth Ave., 7th floor, New York, NY 10001 or online athttps://secure3.4agoodcause.com/afa/fundraisers/memorial1.aspx.


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Annotated Laws of Massachusetts: Ch. 01-6
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|The Special Collections Department houses the papers from various offices on campus. Included are the records (approximately 900 linear feet) and publications of academic and administrative departments (more than 16,000 items), publications of individual faculty members, honors and masters theses, as well as doctoral dissertations written at the University.
Included within the collection are:
Some other University Web sites:


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As a university, a variety of awards, bursaries and scholarships are available to you. Take the time to research your options and apply to all the opportunities for which you qualify.
UFV offers a wide selection of scholarships and leadership awards. If you get good grades or are involved in community service, student activities, or volunteerism, you may qualify. International students who meet the requirements are welcome to apply. Explore UFV's scholarships and leadership awards.
If you are a Canadian citizen or landed immigrant who is studying at UFV and you have genuine financial need, you may qualify for a non-repayable bursary. Check out the selection of bursaries available.
UFV does not administer these awards: but they are available to UFV students. To qualify, you must meet the criteria in the award listing and apply directly to the organization offering the award. Find out if you qualify for an external award.
UFV offers entrance scholarships to students who are enrolling at UFV in the academic year immediately following their high school graduation. Planning to come to UFV? Look and see if you qualify for an entrance scholarship.
Going on to further studies after you graduate from UFV? Find out if you qualify for a graduate studies scholarships.
Read the fine print to make sure you understand the rules regulating awards.
Apply online for yourCanada-B.C. Student Loan6 to 8 weeks before startof term.
Apply for Interest-free status and continue your full-time studies without renewing your student loan.
Apply for UFV Bursariesonline through myUFV. Applications accepted every semester.
Find out about UFV Scholarships. Applications accepted fromMarch 15 to May 10.


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A plane made out of cardboard? Sounds like something that might end up in the corner of the room the morning after a party. Not this 1:60 scale, painstakingly detailed replica of an Air India Boeing 777 made entirely out of manila folders -- and a little glue.
Luca Iaconi-Stewart has spent the past five years -- around 10,000 man hours -- making the minutely detailed replica.
Iaconi-Stewart, 22, from San Francisco, is an aviation fan.
It's hard to believe when you look at the fantastically precise rendering of the twinjet craft, but Iaconi-Stewart is entirely untrained as a model maker, aside from the odd architecture class at school.
Each economy class seat took 20 minutes of cutting, folding, fiddling and gluing.
It's equally incredible that his Lilliputian creation is made from something as mundane as manila folders. But that's what he liked about them -- that they're "a really unassuming material (and) readily available," Iaconi-Stewart says.
Progress on the plane was especially "tricky" in the beginning, Iaconi-Stewart says, because "there were no publicly available (assembly) drawings.
"I spent a lot of time making drawings from pictures. ... Then I got hold of a maintenance manual for people who maintain airplanes," he says. "It contains plenty of detail, which is useful for specific parts, but you're still having to draw everything from scratch."
Iaconi-Sewart's "mini-me," as he puts it, poses next to one of the Boeing's intricately carved engines.
Iaconi-Stewart's only got the wings to go now -- they'll make the plane 3.5 feet across from tip to tip. He's hoping to be done by the summer but, given that the engines took almost half a year from planning to completion, this last stage probably won't be a doddle. Will it fly? "In theory, it could fly if I designed it properly but it'd have to be a lot lighter and with more moving parts," he says.
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It's finally setting in: Trump is Trump and he's not going to change because of winning the nomination.
The Center for Media and Democracy and The Progressive are going to be busy at this year's Netroots Nation in Detroit, Michigan. Publisher Lisa Graves and Editor-in-Chief Ruth Conniff will be involved in several panels, and we are pleased to be able to present the film Keystone PipeLIES Exposed at a special showing.
Lisa Graves will be presenting on two panels. The first "Climate Justice Against Koch's Tar Sands from Detroit to New York" takes place on Thursday, July 17 at 4:45pm in room 140 AB.
"The Koch brothers' petrochemical empire is poisoning the world and the American political process. From Detroit, home of the Koch petcoke mountain, to Sandy-ravaged New York City, where David Koch is the richest resident, leading climate justice activists will speak about how they're fighting back against the corrupt fossil-fuel barons and building a better future."
The second, "Stink Tanks in Your State: Inside the State Policy Network (SPN)," takes place on Friday, July 18 at 4:30pm in room 142 AB. Lisa will be discussing the American Legislative Exchange Council and CMD's ALECexposed.org project in conjunction with our research on its sister organization the SPN Network which has "think tanks" echo and reinforce the ALEC agenda in each state.
"The State Policy Network (SPN) is a network of 64 right-wing state-based "think tanks" that have been the leading advocates of the right-wing agenda in the states for over the last two decades. In November 2013, ProgressNow and the Center for Media and Democracy launched StinkTanks.org, which houses a national report on SPN, state-based information on the SPN affiliates in every state (including several state-based reports), and action items people can take to help expose SPN. This session will focus on presenting the information on StinkTanks.org and be used as an educational tool for progressives on how SPN works, the funders behind it (including the Koch brothers), and ways to fight back against those who work against us."
Ruth Conniff, will be moderating "Common Core: A View from the Middle" on Thursday, July 17 at 4:45pm in room 142 AB. The Common Core State Standards—expectations of what children should know and be able to do by the conclusion of each school year—have been adopted by 40 states and DC. The new standards, and the tests associated with them, have been the focus of a great deal of controversy. Tea Partiers are vehemently anti-Common Core, and the Obama Administration supports the standards. But parents, teachers, and advocates for public education also have serious concerns. How CCSS affects students in each community hinges upon how they are implemented. Come hear a reasoned and civilized discussion of this issue moderated by Ruth, who helped launch The Progressive's Public School Shakedown web site.
Keystone PipeLIES Exposed will be featured with two other environmental films in a series called "Changing the Climate on Climate Change: A Showcase of Films for Environmental Action." The showing will take place on Friday, July 18 at 12:15pm in room 142 C. Lisa will be joined by Dave Saldana, writer and director of the film, for a discussion after the show.
Keystone PipeLIES Exposed from Center for Media and Democracy on Vimeo.
Follow the news at #NN14 and make sure you stop by our table in the Town Square to pick up a copy hot off the press of the newly redesigned Robber Barons Issue of The Progressive!
Add new comment
The issue isn't winter—it's that we all have a home.
The new head of the Environmental Protection has a history of suing the agency for trying to do its job.
By Wendell Berry
Manifesto: The Mad Farmer Liberation Front
Love the quick profit, the annual raise, vacation with pay. Want more of everything ready made. Be afraid to know your neighbors and to die. And you will have a window in your head. Not even your future will be a mystery any more. Your mind will be punched in a card and shut away in a little drawer. When they want you to buy something they will call you. When they want you to die for profit they will let you know. So, friends, every day do something that won't compute. Love the Lord. Love the world. Work for nothing. Take all that you have and be poor. Love someone who does not deserve it. Denounce the government and embrace the flag. Hope to live in that free republic for which it stands. Give your approval to all you cannot understand. Praise ignorance, for what man has not encountered he has not destroyed. Ask the questions that have no answers. Invest in the millennium. Plant sequoias. Say that your main crop is the forest that you did not plant, that you will not live to harvest. Say that the leaves are harvested when they have rotted into the mold. Call that profit. Prophesy such returns. Put your faith in the two inches of humus that will build under the trees every thousand years. Listen to carrion—put your ear close, and hear the faint chattering of the songs that are to come. Expect the end of the world. Laugh. Laughter is immeasurable. Be joyful though you have considered all the facts. So long as women do not go cheap for power, please women more than men. Ask yourself: Will this satisfy a woman satisfied to bear a child? Will this disturb the sleep of a woman near to giving birth? Go with your love to the fields. Lie easy in the shade. Rest your head in her lap. Swear allegiance to what is nighest your thoughts. As soon as the generals and the politicos can predict the motions of your mind, lose it. Leave it as a sign to mark the false trail, the way you didn't go. Be like the fox who makes more tracks than necessary, some in the wrong direction. Practice resurrection.
Wendell Berry is a poet, farmer, and environmentalist in Kentucky. This poem, first published in 1973, is reprinted by permission of the author and appears in his "New Collected Poems" (Counterpoint).


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"Siyafana is a word that means 'we are the same' in Zulu, and encompasses both the similarities and the differences within our 'black' race,'" says South African-born photographer Zanele Muholi, describing the central theme of her project, Faces and Phases. Muholi began work on Faces in 2006 after photographing two close friends who died at a young age. Both died from HIV-related illnesses; one of them had been the victim, in multiple incidents, of hate crimes. With Faces and Phases, Muholi hopes to broaden and deepen the visual representation of black lesbians in present-day South Africa — a visual history of a community that, she feels, has been too-long ignored not only by the country's media, but by the larger gay rights movement that first flourished in her country in the 1990s.
"The project," she told TIME, "is basically about celebrating the lives of the people around me, and commemorating those who have since passed due to disease or hate crimes."
Born in Umlazi, Durban, Muholi studied photography at the Market Photo Workshop in Newtown, Johannesburg (2001-2003) and in 2009 received her MFA in Documentary Media studies at Ryerson University, Toronto.
Balancing dual careers as an artist and community worker, it's no surprise that her first photography series, Only Half the Picture (2006) and Being (2007), tread that slippery space between activism and art.
"I like to call myself a visual activist, rather than just a photographer, because all that I try to document is based on gender, identity and sexual politics," Muholi says. "I embarked on a journey of visual activism to ensure that there is black lesbian visibility."
From the time of her very earliest work, in 2003, Muholi has been exploring the dynamics of black lesbian identity through depictions of relationships and sexual intimacy. A member of the community herself, Muholi's affinity for her subject matter has always been inseparable from the work; much of the power of her pictures derives from a sensitivity to the topic that, perhaps, only an insider can bring. Building on the trust she shares with those she photographs, she records vulnerable, private moments within those relationships.
In Faces & Phases, Muholi's straightforward black-and-white photographs catalog myriad — and sometimes contradictory — elements of her participants' identities. (She refuses to call those featured in her projects "subjects.")
Unlike her previous work, which focused primarily on intimate moments, here she is presenting participants as they might appear in public to a friend or lover, while striving to illustrate the immense diversity of the community. In fact, the project has grown beyond the townships of South Africa, where it was conceived, to include an international cross-section of photos made during her travels.
"Individuals in this series hold different positions and play many different roles within the black lesbian community. The only requirement is that they are all 'out'."
Throughout it all, Muholi is careful not to portray the women in her pictures as victims.
"I wanted to shift the focus from the kind of [shock-value and exploitative] imagery so often seen in the mainstream media," she says. She gets close to those who sit for her, befriending them, and says it's important for her to keep in touch with them after she has made their portraits.
"I don't work with people I don't know," she told TIME, noting that the lives of black lesbians "are always sensationalized and rarely understood."
Her lens, meanwhile, frequently manages to record an exchange or moment of gentle mutual awareness between artist and sitter. In the process, her subjects share their stories — and continue their own narratives online.
"Many of them feel violated," she acknowledges, "and I did not want the camera to be a further violation. Instead, I wanted to establish relationships with them based on our mutual understanding of what it means to be female, lesbian and black in South Africa."
"This is a lifetime project," Muholi declares, suggesting that her visual statement on an often-maligned community — for which she acts as both witness and advocate — will only continue to grow in both scope and intent in the years to come.
Faces and Phases is on view at the Yancey Richardson Gallery in New York City until April 6th. The book was published by Prestel, and you can see more of Muholi's work here.


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|This package installs an application to properly power off the system when the power switch is pressed. This package is intended for select NetVista and ThinkCentre systems running Microsoft Windows NT 4.0. This update requires less than 1MB of space on your harddisk (drive C).
Print this file so that you can refer to it during the installation.
|Additional information
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English as a Second Language
Program Description
Shoreline offers from basic to advanced level English classes. The lower levels offer intensive English to students who need to develop their basic skills. The upper levels help students move into regular college classes with emphasis on reading and writing about academic topics.
Many students taking upper level ESL can also take regular college classes that do not have an English pre-requisite, for example math, some fine arts classes, some psychology classes and physical education.
After students complete the ESL program, they move on to English 101. English 101 is a regular English course required for most degrees at Shoreline, and also for transfer to other colleges and universities.
Shoreline does NOT require international students to take the TOEFL or any other English proficiency in order to be admitted. All students are welcome at Shoreline, regardless of their current English ability! Students who have taken TOEFL or another test can visit this page to learn about exemption from ESL. Students who have not taken any proficiency test will take Shoreline's English Placement Test when they arrive on campus for orientation.
Learning Support
Shoreline has a state-of-the-art language lab where students can access audio-visual material, and special software to supplement their classroom studies. Free 1:1 tutoring is available plus additional reading, writing and learning assistance is offered in the Writing and Learning Studio. Shoreline also has several Learning Support Centers that provide tutoring and support for other subjects.


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Welcome to the CRG Discussion Forum!Forum registration problems: Make sure you enter your email correctly and you check your spam box first. *Then* email KurtS2@gmail for help.
The Ys I can recast. I have 3 available now, Dave asked for 2, but I dont have any idea what to charge. I was going to throw them into the restored wiper motors. If someone wants to make an offer, just le me know.


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Service for Oak Beach Inn owner
There are 189 comments on the Newsday story from Dec 14, 2007, titled Service for Oak Beach Inn owner. In it, Newsday reports that:For three decades, Robert Matherson loomed large over two areas of Long Island life: Its nightlife, where he was king of revelers, and its political life where he was most comfortable playing role of critic of ...
Join the discussion below, or Read more at Newsday.
1 - 20 of 189 Comments Last updated Nov 30, 2015
#1 Dec 14, 2007
I am glad that I made it to The OBI before it closed.Only went once as it was a hike from where I was living on L.I.A good memory like the the now closed C.P.I.Too bad things have to change.
#2 Dec 14, 2007
Sorry to hear of his passing. Many a GREAT memory was had at the OBI! That was such a great bar! Even after all of its changes over the years.. it still remained a good place to have fun and dance! Rest in Peace knowing how many great memories you created, how many couples you put together (probably divorces too! HAHA) and overall how many lives you have touched during your time here on this little place called Earth!
Condolences to his family members as well!
#3 Dec 14, 2007
"He was probably one of the smartest businessmen I've ever known," Noto said. "He made nothing into something big -- and caused me an election -- but it's part of the game, you know."
don't you mean "cost me an election"?
#6 Dec 14, 2007
While I do not rejoice in his death, I do not mourn it either. Bob and his lackey attorney Kevin Brosnahan caused pain and grief to my family and to the families of my friends. It is not difficult to be a great businessman when you flaunt the laws and ignore regulations. To all you who said Bob loved his customers and did it for them you are ignorant. One example was that every weekend he would pack in over 2,000 customers when his legal/safe occupancy was just under 800. If there ever was a fire in the hundred year old wood structure, the resulting amount of dead crispy critters would have made the bar fire in Rhode Island look trivial. He knew it and put all you at risk every weekend all to make a buck. But hey, you got a BJ in the parking lot so life is good.
#7 Dec 14, 2007
If you piss off hundreds and make thousands happy I say good for you
#8 Dec 14, 2007
Had a great time those many years ago....thanks.
#9 Dec 14, 2007
I loved Bob's business intelligence and his guts. My condolences to his family. I thank him also for my abundance of happy memories at OBI. God Bless you and your family.
#10 Dec 14, 2007
Apparently you missed the point of his campaign
#11 Dec 14, 2007
Everyone eventually is the "victim " of someones business........the ultimate result of capitalism. God Bless Bob, The USA, And Long Island Iced Teas, in that order.
#12 Dec 14, 2007
The man knew how to fight the bureauracy, and I always loved him for that. I am also sorry he didn't live a longer life, which we all deserve. God Bless You Robert.
#13 Dec 14, 2007
#14 Dec 14, 2007
Anyone remember when bungee jumping was there? What a trip. Thanks Bob for many great times. We miss you and the OBI.
#15 Dec 14, 2007
I must say thank you to bob. if not for the OBI I WOULD HAVE NEVER MET THE GIRL OF MY DREAMS THAT I HAVE BEEN MARRIED TO FOR THE PAST 14 YEARS AND 3 GREAT KIDS.SO SAY ALL THING YOU WANT ABOUT THE MAN ALL I CAN SAY IS THANK YOU BOB FOR THE GREAT MEMORIES. R I P.
#16 Dec 14, 2007
I spent many fine Saturday nights at the OBI East in the late 70s. God, what fun. Thanks, Bob. RIP.
#17 Dec 14, 2007
The memories at the OBI are priceless...I smile now thinking of the dance floors, upstairs in the airplane seats, and trying to find your car in the packed lot on the way out...there is and never will be another place like that...you will be missed!:)
God Bless
#18 Dec 14, 2007
I grew up in Garden City Park in Nassau County and the OBI features prominently in my recollection of clubbing in the late 80s. My friends and I would pack into a car, made sure we had plenty of pot and beer in the car and headed south on the Meadowbrook with ludicrous bravado that we would all hook up. Once we passed the Jones Beach tolls, the trip became almost transcendental in the dark--music would be turned down, conversation suddenly hushed. For about fifteen minutes or so, there was this unspoken realization that we were traversing one of the most beautiful and unsullied stretches of nature. By the time we arrived at OBI, we had swapped out Stevie B for Bob Dylan and we almost apologetically headed for the entrance. It was tough to rev back up again and I usually didn't, preferring to roam out outside on the deck. But even though I never fulfilled my wishes for some kind of club pick-up, I always had fun and left with a touch of whimsy at having partied in a nook of paradise, feeling that the devil had set up a solitary outpost in heaven.
Thanks for reading this self-indulgent crap. Too bad about Mr. Matherson, too bad about things the way they are now and too bad about getting older.
#19 Dec 14, 2007
To all of the ex oak beachers who never really paid their fair share of property taxes and did nothing but complain about Bob,..May you feel the next summer's rain against your face and know it's Bob pissing all over you.......Rest in Peace Mr. Matherson
#20 Dec 14, 2007
Poor Bob - Karma - The only good thing that ever came out of that name "Matherson" was the good Times associated with "The OBI" - Too bad for him @ least he doesn't have to endure the pain & suffering anymore from his exwife of a 1000 yrs ago.... riding his coattails.... What is she gonna do "NOW". Hopefully, he didn't leave her a Cent - Karma is a wicked thing....
#21 Dec 14, 2007
Had the pleasure to go to the north Smithtown bar of his and the oak beach inn of course, and really enjoyed it. I recall meeting him at the OBI and he was very nice and I was just some naive college student then with zero worth to my name. So, its sad to hear of his passing so young, and I want to thank the family for what Bob did for all us once young people who needed a place to be free, party, and mingle. And he was right, there is alot of government and politics in NY that could be cleaned up for the betterment of all. God Bless you Bob.
#22 Dec 14, 2007
RIP Bob Matherson. I've enjoyed great Friday and Saturday nights at the OBI. Met good people there too.
I remember the fine reception I got one blizzard on the way home from work. OBI was the only place to stop at on the RM parkway. Got a nice hot bowl of soup and good conversation before continuing my trip home that terrible afternoon. Thank you.
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I am new here so sorry if I get the terminolgy incorrect...
I have been pumping for a full three months now. Son takes a bottle three times a day while I am at work and the breast as much as he wants when we are together. Things had been going very well, I was able to pump at least 7oz combined almost each time which gave me enough for my stash and for a friend whose child is allergic to fourmula (that's entirely a different story). Suddenly last week I was not able to pump but maybe half of my usual ammount. I began to take fenugreek nothing, I changed the membranes and valves to my medela in style and and nothing, made sure my diet was on track with drinking lots of water and eating enough and nothing.
So i have it narrowed down to two posibilities, One my pump (maybe not sucking enough?) two my period just came or maybe it's both.
Baby still gets plenty in the evenings no crying or being fussy and I can still feel the let down with him which I don't feel anymore when I pump.
Sorry for the long explanation but I want to make sure and get it right this time since I wasn't able to breastfeed my first.


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The Warm Place
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- Brief Synopsis:
- When Ruva, a young giraffe, is captured and sent to a zoo in San Francisco, she calls upon two rats, a street-smart chameleon, a runaway boy, and all the magical powers of the animal world to return to "the warm place" that is home.
- Long Synopsis:
- Book Quality:
- Excellent
- Book Size:
- 153 Pages
- 9780140379563
- Publisher:
- Penguin Group (USA) Incorporated
- Date of Addition:
- 10/17/09
- Copyright Date:
- 1995
- Copyrighted By:
- Nancy Farmer
- Adult content:
- No
- Language:
- English
- Categories:
- Literature and Fiction, Animals, Children's Books, Science Fiction and Fantasy
- Submitted By:
- Worth Trust
- Proofread By:
- Worth Trust
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DOE's clean coal R&D is focused on developing and demonstrating advanced power generation and carbon capture, utilization and storage technologies for existing facilities and new fossil-fueled power plants by increasing overall system efficiencies and reducing capital costs. In
the near-term, advanced technologies that increase the power generation efficiency for new plants and technologies to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from new and existing industrial and power-producing plants are being developed. In the longer term, the goal is to increase energy plant efficiencies and reduce both the energy and capital costs of CO2 capture and storage from new, advanced coal plants and existing plants. These activities will help allow coal to remain a strategic fuel for the nation while enhancing environmental protection.
Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Research
The Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage R&D program advances safe, cost effective, capture and permanent geologic storage and/or use of CO2. The technologies developed and large-volume injection tests conducted through this program will be used to benefit the existing and future fleet of fossil fuel power generating facilities by creating tools to increase our understanding of geologic reservoirs appropriate for CO2 storage and the behavior of CO2 in the subsurface.
Advanced Energy Systems
FE's Advanced Energy Systems program focuses on improving the efficiency of coal-based power systems, enabling affordable CO2 capture, increasing plant availability, and maintaining the highest environmental standards. The program supports gasification R&D to convert coal into synthesis gas that can be converted into electricity, chemicals, hydrogen, and liquid fuels. The program also advances hydrogen turbine designs to improve the performance of pre-combustion CO2 capture systems and supports advanced combustion systems through R&D focused on new high-temperature materials and the continued development of oxy-combustion technologies.
- Hydrogen Turbines
- Gasification Technologies
- Advanced Combustion
- Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- Hydrogen from Coal
- Coal to Liquids
Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Major Demonstrations
Our CCUS Major Demonstrations program works in partnership with industry to develop and demonstrate advanced carbon capture, utilization and storage technologies at commercial scale.
Crosscutting Research
FE's Crosscutting Research program serves as a bridge between basic and applied research by fostering the development and deployment of innovative systems for improving efficiency and environmental performance through the research and development of instrumentation, sensors, and controls targeted at enhancing the availability of advanced power systems while reducing costs. The program is also active in the areas of computation, simulation, and modeling focused on optimizing plant design and shortening developmental timelines.
- University Training & Research
- Coal Utilization Science
- Energy Analyses
- Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR)
- Plant Optimization Technologies


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Suicide is one of the leading causes of death for youth in Wisconsin, according to the National Alliance on Mental Health.
Now an expansion at Gundersen Lutheran in La Crosse is aimed at helping adolescents struggling with mental health issues.
While there are resources for adults battling mental health in La Crosse, sometimes families with kids or teens have to travel 75 to 100 miles before they find the help they need.
The hope behind Gundersen Lutheran's new Inpatient Behavioral Health Facility is to shine a light for those who are experiencing some of the darkest times of their lives.
The new facility has been a labor a love for Dr. Todd Mahr and his wife, Deb.
"You look at it and you can say it's beautiful, it's wonderful, but it was so badly needed," the Mahrs said.
The spacious new building provides dozens of individual private rooms and the care and attention needed to help treat young adolescent patients battling behavioral health issues.
It's a fight the Mahrs can personally relate to. Their daughter Kaitlin struggled with depression.
"It made us aware that adolescents in this area, specifically, had no services or pretty poor services that they offered," the Marhs said.
Their daughter had to receive treatment hundreds of miles away from home in Appleton and Green Bay, Wis.
She lost her battle to depression in 2007 after an accidental drug overdose.
"It was shock and grief for many months," said Todd. "We didn't let it stop us for too long though," said Deb.
Keeping their daughter's memory alive and helping others struggling like her was one of the driving forces behind this facility's creation.
"Usually it's (during) the blackest, darkest time that they have, and you need to surround them with that hope that's there, and it's not IV poles that's dripping into them," said Todd. "It's really their interactions with other people, and you need a very healing environment and this is going to be that."
The facility will be a resource Judy Schoults of Onalaska said will greatly benefit people living with mental illness like her.
"It will show people with a mental illness a place for them to go that's safe, secure, that's new and fresh and that they're worthy of that," said Schoults.
Schoults was diagnosed with depression 13 years ago.
She hopes her story and the new facility will give others hope that living with mental illness is possible with treatment and support.
"I just refuse to be ashamed about it and I'm so glad I never was," said Schoults. "Everybody rallied around me and supported me and loved me and accepted me and I probably wouldn't be here without that today."
While the new facility mainly caters to adolescents, it will also provide care for adults.
The facility will house its first patients Feb. 5.
The Inpatient Behavioral Health building will have an open house Saturday from 10 a.m. until 2 p.m. at Gundersen Lutheran's La Crosse campus.


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Car Stereo Installation 101
The purchase of a new stereo (also called "receiver" or "head unit") brings the promise of better sound, the thrill of new features, and the enjoyment of simply experiencing music in a way that is not possible with a factory sound system. We hear the excitement and anticipation in our customers' voices every day as they select and order their new equipment, and we help guide them through the process of stereo installation all the time. We know our customers' questions, and we see the most common roadblocks they come across.
November 14, 2014


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By Freedom Newspapers
The 65-year history of how modern health care payment and delivery developed in America has at its center one key fact: Almost no individual pays his or her own way.
From this condition, we find: that health care costs rise faster than other consumer prices; that the first question at a hospital is "who is your insurer," not, "what is wrong;" that doctors often feel responsible first to their administrator and not to the patient; that the patient often doesn't regard the doctor as "his" or "her" doctor; that the relationship is depersonalized. That doctors may not even know the true cost when they talk to the patient.
It's a broken system.
To an important degree, the economic situation becomes the rough equivalent of: How many meals would you eat in fine restaurants if all that was required of you was to be hungry? Name anything you covet. How much more of it would you have, as an individual or for the entire community, if it didn't cost you anything to get it?
The difficulty in today's health care market is it's not a market at all. There's demand — everyone wants as much as needed or beyond. There's supply — sellers are pleased to provide as much as people demand. But the problem is some poor sap in the middle is required to pay for what someone else wants and someone else sells.
Sooner or later the poor sap paying the bill feels the strain and cuts back what customers demand most. Imagine if some poor sap stuck with the bill for decades started to ration your supply of restaurant dinners or dictate how expensive a car you could buy. Now you understand the economics of health care.
This train wreck began in the health care industry during World War II when employers were prohibited by law from giving pay raises. To attract quality employees, employers needed to get around the wage and price freeze. The IRS was glad to oblige. In lieu of higher wages, employers were encouraged with tax breaks to provide health insurance. Employees, who previously bought their own insurance or paid for their own medical care, received both now, largely at their employers' expense. The benefit is not taxed as personal income. Over the years employees came to pay a small percentage of the premiums, and maybe a modest co-payment. But mostly if they wanted it, someone else paid for it.
"Exempting employer-provided medical care from taxation led to the replacement of a consensual system, consistent with the rest of the economy, by a bureaucratic, third-person payment system completely inconsistent with the rest of an open economy," noted the late Milton Friedman, Nobel Prize winning economist, in his forward to the book "The Cure, How Capitalism Can Save American Health Care."
This corruption of normal economics conditioned people to feel entitled to something they had received for decades at little personal cost. Government's foolish attempts to fix this problem applied principles of socialized medicine. It only made things worse as government tried to be the poor sap paying the bills, and to impose price controls and rationing to keep costs manageable. The result is a third party increasingly deciding things like whether it's "medically necessary" to treat a patient with acute congestive heart failure.
"Restricting patient choices in this way, flouting the laws of economics, has been a mistake," observed Dr. David Gratzer, author of "The Cure, How Capitalism Can Save American Health Care." "It's the reason why, while pocket calculators have declined in price from $500 to $5, the price of pacemakers keeps rising."
Some countries like Canada are even further down this slippery slope. In Newfoundland residents must wait 33 weeks between referral from a general practitioner and receiving an MRI test, thanks to inevitable rationing that comes from government regulation, according to the Vancouver, B.C.-based Fraser Institute's yearly survey of medical waiting times.
Not only doesn't it work when people are removed from the economic reality of their needs and wants, it is wrong.
Advocates of even greater third-party interference in the health care marketplace often claim everyone has a "right" to health coverage, which necessarily means imposing on someone else the requirement to pay for what the first fellow considers his "right."
"That's why socialism is evil," economist Walter Williams explained. "It uses evil means (coercion) to achieve what are seen as good ends (helping people) … . Reaching into another person's pocket to assist one's fellow man is despicable and worthy of condemnation. For the Christians among us, socialism and the welfare state must be seen as sinful. When God gave Moses the commandment, 'Thou shalt not steal,' I'm sure he didn't mean thou shalt not steal unless there's a majority vote'."
Many people like the ideas for mandating insurance for all Americans as a way to fix the broken system. Before they reach for government as the No. 1 answer, it would be wise to look at history, and the market, and other voices for reform.


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Diversity and cross-cultural issues in Madagascar
|Diversity and cross-cultural issues in [[{{#explode:Diversity and cross-cultural issues in Madagascar| |5}} {{#explode:Diversity and cross-cultural issues in Madagascar| |6}} {{#explode:Diversity and cross-cultural issues in Madagascar| |7}}]]
|In fulfilling the Peace Corps' mandate to share the face of America with their host countries, Peace Corps is making special efforts to see that all of America's richness is reflected in the Volunteer corps. More Americans of color are serving in today's Peace Corps than at any time in recent years. Differences in race, ethnic background, age, religion, and sexual orientation are expected and welcomed among our Volunteers. Part of the Peace Corps' mission is to help dispel any notion that Americans are all of one origin or race and to establish that each of us is as thoroughly American as the other despite our many differences.
|See also:
In fulfilling the Peace Corps' mandate to share the face of America with our host countries, we are making special efforts to see that all of America's richness is reflected in the Volunteer corps. More Americans of color are serving in today's Peace Corps than at any time in recent years. Differences in race, ethnic background, age, religion, and sexual orientation are expected and welcomed among our Volunteers. Part of the Peace Corps' mission is to help dispel any notion that Americans are all of one origin or race and to establish that each of us is as thoroughly American as the other despite our many differences.
Our diversity helps us accomplish that goal. In other ways, however, it poses challenges. In Madagascar, as in other Peace Corps host countries, Volunteers' behavior, lifestyles, background, and beliefs will be judged in a cultural context very different from our own. Certain personal perspectives or characteristics commonly accepted in the United States may be quite uncommon, unacceptable, or even repressed in Madagascar.
Outside of Madagascar's capital, residents of rural communities have had relatively little direct exposure to other cultures, races, religions, and lifestyles. What is viewed as "typical" cultural behavior or norms may be a narrow and selective interpretation, such as the perception in some countries that all Americans are rich and have blond hair and blue eyes. The people of Madagascar are justly known for their generous hospitality to foreigners; however, members of the community in which you will live may display a range of reactions to differences that you present.
To ease the transition and adapt to life in Madagascar, you may need to make some temporary, yet fundamental compromises in how you present yourself as an American and as an individual. For example, female trainees and Volunteers may not be able to exercise the independence available to them in the United States; political discussions need to be handled with great care; and some of your personal beliefs may best remain undisclosed. You will need to develop techniques and personal strategies for coping with these and other limitations. The Peace Corps staff will lead diversity and sensitivity discussions during your pre-service training and will be on call to provide support, but the challenge ultimately will be your own.
- 1 Overview of Diversity in Madagascar
- 2 What Might a Volunteer Face?
Overview of Diversity in Madagascar
The Peace Corps/Madagascar program has benefited from having Volunteers from a variety of cultures, religions, ethnic groups, and ages and is firmly committed to maintaining this type of diversity in its program. Our primary goal in this regard is to ensure that each of our Volunteers has an equal opportunity to enjoy a rewarding and positive experience during the two years of service to Madagascar.
All Volunteers, regardless of background, will find themselves addressed frequently as a vazaha, or foreigner. Madagascar is a traditional, patriarchal culture, and current Volunteers emphasize that serving here is more difficult for females than for males. Among the challenges of living and working in Madagascar is coping effectively and constructively with the differing status of women and men and the different standards of behavior to which they are held.
Age is positively viewed in Madagascar. Younger Volunteers may have to work harder than their older colleagues to be accepted as professionals. Conversely, older Volunteers may at times feel isolated within the Peace Corps community in Madagascar as they tend to be few in number.
In Madagascar, as in other traditional societies, members of American ethnic minorities may have less freedom to "be themselves" than they do in the United States. It may be difficult for them to find or establish a support network, and they are likely to encounter prejudicial beliefs or expectations on the part of some Malagasy (e.g., that they will learn the local language and adapt to the climate and culture more easily than other Volunteers; that they are not as technically competent as other Volunteers; or that they are not "real" Americans).
Americans of all backgrounds, however, have dealt with these issues and have had productive and fulfilling experiences in Madagascar. They have also brought new depth to the second goal of the Peace Corps, which is to promote a better understanding of the American people by the Malagasy people they live and work with.
What Might a Volunteer Face?
Possible Issues for Female Volunteers
There is great variance in Malagasy views of gender equality. In remote villages, gender roles are clearly defined, while in larger towns, gender roles are less strictly characterized.
But wherever they live and work, the behavior of female Volunteers will be more closely scrutinized and more often criticized than that of their male peers. Although the Peace Corps emphasizes understanding of and sensitivity to other cultures, it may occasionally be necessary to explain why you believe something or behave a certain way. Female Volunteers should expect frequent questions from host country counterparts and friends regarding their marital status and whether they have children.
Possible Issues for Volunteers of Color
There is great ethnic and racial diversity among Malagasy. Having been settled by people from Malaysia, India and other parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe, Madagascar features a mosaic of cultures and lifestyles that can shift from region to region and sometimes from village to village. While the Malagasy strive to maintain a harmonious relationship with one another, there are some tensions among the different groups. In particular, the dominant group living around the capital is considered somewhat suspect by the people living on the coast. Volunteers can expect to be treated very politely but need to be aware that behind the politeness may lie some unstated ill will.
Possible Issues for Senior Volunteers
The Malagasy people are respectful in all interactions, yet they reserve a special place for senior citizens, so much so that it may be difficult for Malagasy to help guide an older Volunteer in culturally appropriate behavior for fear of seeming disrespectful
Possible Issues for Gay, Lesbian, or Bisexual Volunteers
Gay, lesbian, and bisexual Volunteers need to know that Madagascar has a very strong cultural taboo against homosexuality. However, homosexuality is accepted among foreigners who visit the country. Homosexuality is not illegal per se—it is not even mentioned in Malagasy law—but public displays of behavior associated with homosexuality can affect a Volunteer's acceptance into the culture by confirming his or her "vazaha-ness."
See also: Articles about Madagascar on the National Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Peace Corps Alumni Association website at http://www.lgbrpcv.org/articles.htm
Possible Religious Issues for Volunteers
Whether or not you practice a particular religion, you will probably be exposed to religious practices that are different from those in the United States. Although the country has many Christians and some Muslims, animism is the dominant religious belief. The practices of fady, a ritualized system of taboos and cultural mores combined with ancestral veneration, have tremendous significance for Malagasy, though there will, of course, be differences in the degree depending on your location. Be prepared to tolerate views and practices very different from your own.
Possible Issues for Volunteers With Disabilities
The Malagasy are enormously tolerant and respectful, and it is inherent in their culture that they be helpful to all. This carries over into their treatment of people with disabilities, even though there is very little infrastructure in the country to accommodate individuals with disabilities. Nevertheless, the Peace Corps' Office of Medical Services determined that you were physically and emotionally capable, with or without reasonable accommodations, of performing a full tour of Volunteer service in Madagascar without unreasonable risk to yourself or interruption of your service. Peace Corps/ Madagascar staff will work with disabled Volunteers to make reasonable accommodations in training, housing, job sites, and other areas to enable them to serve safely and effectively.


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Foreclosure mobile visits Monticello
May 9, 2012 —
Four years into the Great Recession, the outlook for homeowners facing foreclosure has not improved. In fact, according to a report from the Neighborhood Economic Development Advocacy Project (NEDAP), "In 2011, more than 345,000 mortgages were in default or delinquent in New York State. This staggering number is based on 90-day pre-foreclosure notices that New York now requires servicers to send to homeowners."
Some of those homeowners, who were the targets of those pre-foreclosure notices, turned up in the Town of Thompson parking lot on May 4 to talk with staff members of the New York State Department of Financial Services (DFS) about ways they might save their homes.
One elderly man claimed that every time he contacted his lending institution he wound up talking to a different person, and it was frustrating. A woman said that her lending institution didn't seem interested in working out a solution.
It's a situation playing out thousands of times each day across the country, and while the foreclosure rate is slowing somewhat, several analysts say that's because banks are having trouble coming up with the necessary documents to proceed.
In any case, Governor Andrew Cuomo sees this as a continuing problem. Benjamin M. Lawsky, superintendent of state financial services, issued a press release saying, "Governor Cuomo believes that it's essential that we provide as much help as possible to financially troubled homeowners," thus the creation of the foreclosure mobile unit, an initiative that was launched in February.
David Neustadt, a spokesman for DFS, said the service attracts more residents in some areas than others. He said, "We don't have money to advertise," so they depend on word of mouth to get the word out. Senator John Bonacic's office sent out a press release about this visit.
Neustadt said the main message DFS wants to send is that residents facing possible foreclosure should contact DFS as early as possible to try to work out a solution. "Once a homeowner gets into a deep hole, it can be hard to dig their way out," he said.
In Sullivan County, the heaviest pocket of foreclosures or possible foreclosures is in Monticello and Fallsburg. There are other pockets with somewhat fewer cases in the towns of Lumberland, Tusten, Cochecton, Rockland and Mamakating.
So is there any light at the end of the tunnel? A footnote on the NEDAP study reads, "A national study of 27 million loans made between 2004 and 2008 shows that the U.S. is not even halfway through the foreclosure crises."


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A resource for improving School Climate and Discipline
Submitted by admin on Thu, 02/27/2014 - 08:36
A new document from the U.S. Department of Education Civil Rights Division in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division has been published. This document is intended to help local school districts in developing guidelines for consistent and appropriate discipline within the school environment. It is titled "Guiding Principles – A Resource for Improving School Climate and Discipline." It has been developed to help school districts develop policies for improving student discipline. The main purpose of it is to ensure that student civil rights are not being violated and students are getting the best education possible. These principles are a joint effort to bring together resources to help develop disciplinary policies that will keep students in school rather than suspending them for minor infractions.


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Today is the last day Arizonans can register to vote for the general election, which will decide the U.S. presidency, state lawmakers, a sales tax for education and a proposed overhaul of the state's primary system.
Registration closes at midnight, and early voting begins Thursday for the Nov. 6 election. Arizonans can register or change their registration at county elections offices or online at servicearizona.com.
Elections officials expect high voter participation on Election Day, based on numbers from the Aug. 28 primary and past general elections featuring a presidential race.
Arizona Secretary of State Ken Bennett said about 77 percent of Arizona voters cast a ballot in the 2008 general election.
Voters can learn about ballot measures and local candidates by visiting the azcentral 2012 Voters Guide at votersguide.azcentral.com.
-- Republic staff
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Wednesday's House votes on the fate of the Bush-era tax cuts ran along expected party lines, nicely setting the stage for taxation to be a focal point in the presidential race.
House Republican hewed to their talking points, barreling toward their 2013 goal of tax reform. They argued that extending all of the Bush-era tax cuts for one year is a must. Not only does it give businesses and individuals "certainty," they argued, but it also props up an otherwise fragile economy and leads to greater job creation. "Even Bill Clinton has called for it," Ways and Means Committee Chairman Dave Camp, R-Mich., said about the one-year extension. "The burden that this tax code places on the economy is a wet blanket."
The Democrats countered, as they have for the past several weeks, by invoking the middle class. Their refrain is in lockstep with President Obama's rhetoric of taxing the rich to tackle income inequality and reduce the deficit. As House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said, this bill "provides fairness for the middle class." Does that sound like something we've heard in swing states recently?
The votes were actually a yawn on Capitol Hill, a predictable dance between Democrats and Republicans.
But all this posturing will prove its worth on the campaign trail. Mitt Romney can hang the Democrats' votes around the party's collective neck. He will paint the Democrats as politicians willing to raise taxes on small-business owners. Never mind that a new analysis from the Tax Policy Center estimates that Romney's tax plan, well informed by the House Republicans, would disproportionately raise taxes on middle- and lower-income people who rely on tax credits and deductions: the same benefits Romney has vaguely promised to clear from the code in favor of lowering marginal rates.
Not that President Obama's tax message is any clearer or more sincere. His and the Democrats' plan to temporarily keep the Bush-era tax cuts intact for households with annual income below $250,000 and on individuals with incomes below $200,000 does not begin to clue the country in on the tough tax choices that the majority of Americans will face if and when the country ever embarks on a long-term deficit proposal. Not only that, but top Democrats previously and very publicly disagreed with the president's definition of rich. Until just a few weeks ago, Sen. Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., and Pelosi were eager to only raise taxes on household income above $1 million.
The House votes, like so much congressional action these days, were one last walk down the runway before summer recess. Only this time, it will inform some debate outside of the Beltway rather than just rattle the halls of the Capitol.


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"What a tremendous blessing! You have come into our life just in time to defend our faith. We are growing from your great work. God bless you all."
~ Beth, Boston, Massachusetts
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"Behold, for a thousand years the pictures of your forefathers holding rosaries in their hands have stood in this church."
~ Cardinal Klesl, to the citizens of Sankt Polten (Lower Austria) during the Reformation, explaining the historic and ancient nature of Catholic praxis.