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From US 441 North
- From US 441 North, turn right at the traffic signal in Pearson, GA, onto US 82 E toward Waycross.
- Follow US 82 E 7 miles to Axson.
- Turn left at the caution light onto Minchew Road.
- Follow Minchew Road 2 miles, and turn left onto Loren Road, which is a dirt road.
- Follow Loren Road 1 mile and turn right onto Sutton Way. From there, follow the pavement to the Inn, and park in the circular drive. If you are arriving for an event, please follow the signs to park in the correct area.


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|Most recent firm
|Gandy Law Offices, P.c
|Relevant Jobs
Associate Attorney - Insurance Defense
USA-CA-San Diego
Kennedy & Souza, APC is a 12-attorney firm looking to add two attorneys to its insurance defense general liability practice area. We have an amazing work environment and offer an exceptional benefits ...
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Experienced Commercial Litigator
A/V rated downtown Seattle firm specializing in complex litigation seeks a lawyer who can work independently and participate in the management of major matters; who is enthusiastic about the practice ...
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Paralegal The candidate will assist with Form 8-K and Section 16 filings. Will assist with Proxy Statement drafting and filing. prepare and file NYSE reports. Assist with annual stockholder meeting. ...
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|+ View more jobs
A. Harrison Barnes is a well-known attorney throughout the United States. As a member of the Malibu community, Harrison is committed to serving the needs of Malibu residents and businesses in legal matters.

subset: commoncrawl


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- Vitamin Guide
- Health Conditions
- Health Centers
- Diet & Weight Loss
- Herbal Remedies
- Current News
- Food Guide
- Recipes
Carbohydrates are classified as either simple or complex based on the length of the carbohydrate chains that compose them, but better measures of carbohydrate quality have been developed:
The meta-analysis looked at data from 24 studies to find a relationship between daily glycemic load and diabetes risk:
The researchers found that eating a low glycemic load diet was protective against diabetes. Their analysis showed:
"Altogether, our meta-analysis supports that glycemic load is an important and underestimated dietary characteristic that, among others, contributes significantly to the incidence of type 2 diabetes," the study's authors said.
Here are some general ways to decrease your daily glycemic load and reduce type 2 diabetes risk:
(Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:584–96)
Copyright © 2016 Healthnotes, Inc. All rights reserved. www.healthnotes.com


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Brine recently released its women's holiday line, including the New School Dynasty Elite complete stick, which adds to the old-school flavored New School collection Brine just released on the men's side. The head is also available by itself, and Brine has also released a Susan G. Komen for the Cure Mantra complete stick.
Check these out below, along with details from Brine. For more from Brine, visit our archives and head to Brine.com for more. To see more women's gear, visit ILWomen.com.
Dynasty Elite
Limited edition Dynasty Elite complete a 1-inch diameter alloy handle featuring strategic grip. Brine heritage graphic with a new twist.
White/Black - White with black Dynasty Elite with all black pocket and black stringing comes complete on white New School handle
All black Dynasty Elite with black pocket and black stringing comes complete on black New School handle
Brine Mantra Susan G. Komen for the Cure complete limited edition stick
Follow @IL_Gear on Twitter for the best lacrosse gear, fitness, instruction, Xs and Os, and lifestyle content. Also, follow our Instagram account at @il_gear.


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The 2014 CHICAGO'S 7 MOST THREATENED…
Every year, Preservation Chicago announces its "Chicago's 7" list of Most Endangered Buildings. The purpose of the Chicago 7 is to raise public awareness about the threats facing some of Chicago's most at-risk architectural treasures, whether they are a single building, an entire neighborhood, or a thematic category of buildings, such as Great Chicago Warehouses or Chicago's Religious Structures.
Preservation Chicago's 2014 most endangered:


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Peak Pilates® Launches Online Community for Pilates Instructors and Enthusiasts
Brand-new web site section strives to bring instructors and students together worldwide
Peak Pilates, an industry leader in single source Pilates solutions, has announced the launch of the Peak Pilates Online Community. Unlike any other in the Pilates industry, the Peak Pilates Online Community site will provide instructors and students with the ability to communicate with others around the world. Members can read blogs, download video or audio podcasts and access an online forum. Users can use the message board to post questions, comments, advice or tips about a particular exercise or piece of equipment.
"The new Community section is intended to provide an avenue for Pilates professionals and enthusiasts alike to share information and ideas," said Peak Pilates Web Coordinator Jeremy Garretson. "Between our resources here at Peak Pilates, our Master Trainers and our students, there's such a wealth of valuable information that can be shared with the Pilates community to help everyone take their technique and business to the next level."
- Downloads
Receive free instructor tips and guidance at home or on the go while accessing featured audio and video downloads from the Master Trainer Network. The section will feature a new video podcast exercise each week that will feature step-by-step demonstrations of exercises as well as simple solutions for common errors. Listen to monthly audio podcasts from the Master Trainers, who will cover a wide range of topics such as how to develop exercises routines for the elderly or how to alter exercises for clients with back pain. It's like having an instructor's expertise at your fingertips!
- Forum
After signing up for the Peak Pilates Online Community, members can use the Forum to post questions and receive answers from Peak Pilates Master Trainers. Members can then share – and receive – support, encouragement and ideas with trainers, graduates and students.
- Blogs
Read blogs written directly by the Peak Pilates Master Trainers and staff. These blogs will serve as a great place for beginning instructors who are in need of studio start-up advice, or guidance for instructing age-specific courses. The Master Trainers will also discuss how to teach clients with a range of different pains or injuries.
- Photos
Travel the globe while checking out photos of studios and gyms that use Peak Pilates equipment, or go behind-the-scenes of instructor training, photo shoots, trade shows and more.


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I am a Senior University Lecturer in the Computer Laboratory of the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. I also founded the women@CL initiative. I used to be an EPSRC Advanced Research Fellow.
I am interested in exploring and computationally modeling how people reason, in particular how they solve problems in mathematics. Broadly, my research is in the areas of artificial intelligence, automated reasoning, diagrammatic reasoning, theorem proving, proof planning, cognitive science, machine learning, human-computer interaction, knowledge representation, agent technology.
Mateja Jamnik
Computer Laboratory
The University of Cambridge
JJ Thomson Avenue
Cambridge, CB3 0FD, UK
Phone: +44 (0)1223 763 587
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Out of stock items are built on demand. You buy it, we build it. Ships within 5 days.
In stock orders ship same day if received by 4:00 PM Mountain Standard Time!
A favorite way to keep your pocket goods accounted for when you're traveling or even if you're not. Like everything American, it was time to up-size our famous Travel Basket. Two inches wider on the base than the Travel Basket, the Travel Tray is a portable valet tray catchall that's the perfect size for storing larger pocket items like your Passport, or perhaps your mass of keys, hotel room keycard, smartphone -- including larger screen phones like iPhone 6, Droid MAXX and Samsung Galaxy Note 4 and compact tablets, pocket change, sunglasses, memory flash cards and USB drives, cigarette lighters, any loose pocket items you want handy, but not jammed in your pockets while you relax.
Available in 12 vibrant colors, some folks pick a bright color like red or saffron so they can quickly spot their Travel Tray on the hotel nightstand and not forget their important pocket items.
The exposed fabric edges on the Travel Tray's rim are bound using a thick binding material. All of our binding material is vertically woven to prevent fraying, peeling or splitting that you may commonly see in competitor's travel trays that brag of "binding" their edges. Inside the bottom there's 4 lb. Volara closed cell foam padding and the fold-up walls are padded with Hollowfill to cushion your valuables.
The Red Oxx Large Travel Tray Valet is also a must-have catchall accessory for your office, dorm room, camping tent or even your home. Simply snap the sides up and you have a padded valet for pocket necessities right where you need them. For travel, unsnap it flat for easy storage in your luggage, it's only 1/4 inch thick. Buy two or more Travel Trays, you'll always find a use for more than one!
Have your company logo embroidered onto the tray's bottom (replaces our logo) for affordable and appreciated employee or client travel gifts (minimum corporate orders apply, contact our representative at 1-888-733-6999 for more information).
"No Bull" no question's asked Lifetime Warranty.
Designed AND handmade in Billings, Montana USA.
UPS Transit Shipping Time Map.
Witness the birth of your bag and learn about the many steps it takes to handcraft your Travel Tray.
Meet the thundering herd who build your gear with pride.
Red Oxx is a Veteran owned and operated US Manufacturer.
Online orders will receive an order confirmation email, a UPS tracking information email when your order ships and a product review request follow-up email eight weeks after delivery. In addition, backorders beyond 14 working days may receive an order follow-up assurance email. During checkout purchasers have the option to opt-out of our other occasional email notifications. Your email address is always secure.
Every great bag needs cool accessories.
Dimensions: 9"L x 6.5"W x 2"D (snapped into tray position)
12.5"L x 10"W x 1/4"H (unsnapped flat)
Weight: 4.8 Ounces.
Travel Tray Color Translator
Keep in mind: Colors on your monitor will vary from the actual color of the fabric. The only way to accurately gauge a color is to request a swatch.
Questions? Visit our Customer Service Help Desk or call our Toll Free Hot Line: 1-888-733-6999.
As time rolls a ceaseless course, only the genuine guarantee remains. The mountains will persist, the oceans are bound to endure and Red Oxx will continue to be rugged, reliable, and tough.
To the depths of the Amazon basin to the peaks of the Himalayas, Red Oxx Manufacturing is infallible.
Red Oxx Bags are guaranteed forever, be sure to include them in your will.
Red Oxx Bags are handcrafted in Billings, Montana. U.S.A.
Red Oxx
© Red Oxx Mfg, Inc.


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The report said Nathaniel Garcia, 45, of Corpus Christi was driving a 2007 Saturn Aura south in the northbound lane with Austin Garcia, 18, in the passenger seat. Both were wearing seat belts.
Garcia's Saturn collided with a 2008 Nissan Altima that was heading northbound driven by Pablo Flores, 25, also of Corpus Christi. Flores was also wearing a seat belt.
Trooper John Kuiroga responded to the crash, according to the report.
Nathaniel and Flores both died at the scene, and next of kin were notified, according to the DPS' fatality report.
Austin was taken to University Hospital in San Antonio.


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By Shannon Rudisill, Director of Office of Child Care
In September, I had the honor of being a graduation speaker for Teacher Education and Compensation Helps (T.E.A.C.H.) D.C. T.E.A.C.H. awards scholarships to early childhood and afterschool teachers, allowing them to pursue associate's degrees and bachelor's degrees in early education. This was D.C.'s largest class ever – 23 students successfully completed their degrees.
Many of the graduates have overcome obstacles to reach this goal in addition to the daily challenges of working full-time in child care, studying, and caring for their own families. One of my co-speakers was struggling to pay for two of her own children to attend college and wondered how she could ever afford to go back to school herself. That's where T.E.A.C.H. came in. The scholarship paid for her studies while counselors were available to help her navigate the higher education administration. Her employer offered time off and teamed up with T.E.A.C.H to pay bonuses and raises as she completed her bachelor's degree.
Employer support is critical. Martha's Table Child Development Center for example made a huge commitment to the program – with 20 teachers currently on scholarship. The college instructor actually comes on-site to Martha's Table to provide the classes. Colleagues support each other through studying and juggling work, school and family responsibilities.
I was thinking of the TEACH graduation as I read new data from ACF's National Survey of Early Care and Education. The survey shows that there are about one million teachers and caregivers directly responsible for children age zero through five years in center-based programs, and another one million paid home-based teachers and caregivers, caring for children birth through age five during the most rapid period of brain development. Still, wages are low – around $20,000 per year – and only half of preschool teachers and a third of infant and toddler teachers have a degree. The President's Early Learning Agenda will invest in this critical group of teachers by offering pay comparable to public school teachers for new Pre-K programs and by raising infant and toddler teachers' pay in our Early Head Start-Child Care partnerships.
I am proud to say that D.C. T.E.A.C.H. is funded from the Office of Child Care's Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF), administered in D.C. by the Office of the State Superintendent of Education. Nationally, using CCDF and other funds, 17,432 T.E.A.C.H. Early Childhood® scholarships were awarded to teachers, directors and family child care providers in 22 states and the District of Columbia in fiscal year 2011-2012. My favorite part of T.E.A.C.H. graduation? The photo session after the ceremony when a dozen school-age children crowded around with cameras and smartphones to snap graduation photos of their Moms! Leading by example, those teachers are getting their own kids and many others off to a great educational start.


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PRESIDENT OBAMA: Next we need to encourage American innovation. Last year we made the largest investment in basic research funding in history – (applause) – an investment – an investment that could lead to the world's cheapest solar cells or treatment that kills cancer cells but leaves healthy ones untouched. And no area is more ripe for such innovation than energy.
ELY SACHS: The way the majority of photovoltaic solar panels are made today is by building a photovoltaic cell. So this thing is built on a silicon wafer. And so this is an example of the multicrystalline silicon wafer.
In today's industry-standard process you take very highly refined silicon, and you melt it in a big pot to produce an ingot this large. You then saw the ingot to smaller ingots like this. You then – and this is the hard part – saw that smaller ingot with wire and abrasive into the wafers. And in the process of that sawing, you make silicon dust like this, which has to be thrown out. You cannot economically reclaim it. And the net result is that the wafers that you produce – the cost of those wafers accounts for almost half of the cost of the complete photovoltaic module.
What we do in direct wafer is, we cut out lots of these steps. So we start with the same purified silicon. We melt it in a pot, but we form a wafer directly. And that wafer is ready to go right on to cell processing. There's no sawing or no surface treatment required.
The way you can think about what we do is imagine a lake at the beginning of winter where the ice is beginning to freeze, and you have a thin layer of ice. Imagine you reached out and you grabbed that thin sheet of ice. But now imagine that that lake was made of silicon at red-hot temperatures, and what you reached out and grabbed was a thin sheet of silicon. That's essentially what we do.
FRANK VAN MIERLO: So as you can see, we have an open office plan.
The ARPA-E funding was very important for us because it allowed us to work on the most risky of all our projects, which potentially is going to deliver the largest cost reduction. So the direct wafer program potentially can reduce the cost of wafers by as much as 70 percent. So that would be a big step forward for photovoltaics in – as a whole and will create real manufacturing jobs in the U.S.
Investing in manufacturing technologies like we are developing here is the best way of keeping manufacturing jobs in the United States because that is what's going to build a core competence that allows you to compete with other places in the world. And that's the same – exactly what the ARPA-E funding is allowing us to do.
SECRETARY OF ENERGY STEVEN CHU: I am so proud of the group of people that we've been able to recruit for this ARPA-E project because in the end it's the quality of the people. We're asking people to swing from the heels. Sure, there will be some failures, but there will be some home runs and a few grand slams. And with those grand slams, we can really transform our energy choices. That's what ARPA-E is about.


text:
- Game Details
- News (2)
- Review
- Previews
- Videos (1)
- Images
- Cheats & Walkthroughs
Brit Must Pay 30k For Pirated Game
How much would you pay for a copy of 3D Dream Pinball for the PC? Like eight bucks, maybe? Try $30,000. That's the fine being levied against a...
New 'Southpeak Games' Project Reel
Southpeak games has released a trailer featuring Things on Wheels (XBLA), Dream Pinball 3D (PC, Wii, DS), Monster Madness: Grave Danger (PS3),...
My X-Play 1000Th Episode PosterLatest Post: Mar 18, 2013 by Smashdrama
I Can't Believe It's Come To This.Latest Post: Mar 18, 2013 by Shadow_ben_jamin
Anime Corner Farewell Tour! March...Latest Post: Mar 18, 2013 by Squeakachu31


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« Back
Plainclothes contractors working for Blackwater USA take part in a firefight as Iraqi demonstrators loyal to Muqtada Al Sadr attempt to advance on a facility being defended by U.S. and Spanish soldiers, Apr. 4, 2004 in the Iraqi city of Najaf.
AP Photo
"The Hidden Costs of Contracting: Private Law, Commercial Imperatives and the Privatized Military Industry"
December 2008
Author: Rebecca Weiner, Former Research Fellow, International Security Program, 20052007
Belfer Center Programs or Projects: International Security
This paper resulted from research conducted during the author's International Security Program fellowship.
"On September 16, 2007, a group of contractors working for the firm Blackwater USA engaged in a chaotic and bloody firefight in Baghdad's Nisoour Square that left 17 Iraqi civilians dead, Blackwater's $500 million in government contracts in jeopardy and the future of the privatized security industry in question. What exactly happened in Nisoour Square remains in dispute. Blackwater alleges that its contractors came under small arms fire and lawfully engaged to stop the threat. The Iraqi government and the US military both argue that Blackwater opened fire unprovoked and used excessive force — including machine guns, grenade launchers and helicopter fire. The FBI, which is conducting a formal investigation into the shootings on behalf of the Department of Justice, argues that 14 of the 17 deaths were unjustified killings and finds no evidence, thus far, that Blackwater was justified in shooting at civilians.
The Nisoour Square incident was broadly proclaimed to be the final straw that would force the White House, Congress and the courts to come to terms with the complex and often fraught relationship between the U.S. military and the increasingly ubiquitous, increasingly interoperable private military contractors that it hires. The FBI investigation marks the first time since the end of the Cold War that the US government is attempting to hold a private security company criminally liable for extraterritorial crimes committed in the course of a government contract.
However, while the episode has subjected the privatized military industry to heightened scrutiny from the Iraqi government, the US military, Congress, and the public, the Department of State and the Department of Justice contend that despite recent efforts to the close the legal loopholes through which private military contractors have slipped in the past, there remain considerable, perhaps insurmountable, hurdles to prosecution.
Meanwhile, at the time the grand jury investigation into the Nisour Square shootings was opened, a civil lawsuit was filed by the New York based Center for Constitutional Rights on behalf of the Iraqi families who lost loved ones in the incident. These families are suing Blackwater in tort, under causes of action including assault and battery, intentional and negligent infliction of emotional distress, negligent hiring and wrongful death. While the jurisdictional challenges faced by the Department of Justice may ensure that Blackwater never faces criminal liability, the barriers to entry for a civil suit are far lower. The Blackwater litigation is one of a handful of civil lawsuits that have been filed against private military contractors since the inception of the Iraq war, and it is one of the many ways that corporate law and commercial imperatives have begun to impact the conduct of war due to the burgeoning of the privatized military industry.
After all, private military companies are by definition products of the elaborate civil laws and regulatory structures that shape all corporations, and they are subject to corporate pressures that the military does not face. Accompanying the use of PMCs are costly externalities associated with their private-sector status — not only tort and contract liability to employees and shareholders, but also compliance with corporate statutes and regulations, insurance costs, and the incentive structure created by the government contracting regime. These constraints have begun to impose acute limitations, both financial and operational, on the PM industry — and by extension on its clients. In short, the government's use of PMCs has caused corporate and commercial law to profoundly affect the conduct of war, and the consequences remain unstudied.
This paper will apply a market-based analysis to the PM industry, focusing on PMCs not as rogue mercenaries, but as a case study in the unintended consequences of privatization. In particular, it will take up three structural constraints on the PMC-military relationship: the civil liability regime, the insurance regime, and the government contracting regime. While the conventional critique of the PM industry focuses on its lack of accountability, this paper will argue that the most significant liability of PMCs may turn out to be what is claimed as their primary advantage: efficiency.
After a brief introduction to the origins and organization of the privatized military (PM) industry, Part I of this paper presents an overview of the regulatory and prosecutorial challenges facing the legal system with regard to holding PMCs accountable for criminal misconduct. Part II takes up in turn each of the three primary structural constraints on the PMC-military relationship: the civil liability regime, the insurance regime, and the government contracting regime. Part III concludes with a series of steps that stakeholders might take to mitigate the operational and financial inefficiencies caused by these constraints while increasing accountability, in order that this increasingly common mode of conducting warfare may begin to safely and securely generate the advantages upon which it was predicated...."
For more information about this publication please contact the ISP Program Coordinator at 617-496-1981.
For Academic Citation:


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Smart Entry
Keep your keys in your pocket or purse when you're getting in or out of your new SUV. The Smart Entry feature detects when your key is near the front doors. Just push the small button on the door handle to lock your CR-V, and to unlock it, just grasp the handle (EX and above).
18-inch Alloy Wheels
The Touring is the first CR-V ever to rock 18-inch alloy wheels, the perfect compliment to the sporty, redesigned exterior.
Side Mirrors with Integrated Turn Indicator
The Touring model's side mirrors with integrated turn indicators are especially useful in areas with heavy traffic.
One-Touch Power Moonroof with Tilt Feature
Fresh air and sunshine at the push of a button. The moonroof features a one-touch control to open, close or tilt (EX and above). Plus, a sliding sunshade keeps you cool when you've had enough sun.
Power Tailgate
Touring models include a power tailgate that can be operated remotely with the key or by pushing a button inside the driver's area. An electric motor in the cargo area will raise and lower the entire tailgate. A simple push of the button will close the tailgate, and this can be done from as far away as 50 feet[1].
[1] Carrying too much cargo or improperly storing it can affect the handling, stability and operation of this vehicle. Follow applicable load limits and loading guidelines.


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UMass Men Release 2014 Schedule
from Press Release
AMHERST, Mass. – The University of Massachusetts men's lacrosse program announced its 2014 season schedule on Wednesday. Head coach Greg Cannella will challenge the program with a tough eight-game non-conference slate before the Minutemen begin their fifth season competing as a member of the Colonial Athletic Association.
Following scrimmages against St. John's on Jan. 25 and Siena on Feb. 1, Massachusetts opens its regular season with a Saturday, Feb. 8 game at Army in West Points, N.Y. UMass follows up its meeting with the Black Knights with a contest against Ohio State at the Moe's Southwestern Grill Classic in Jacksonville, Fla., on Sunday, Feb. 16.
The Minutemen return to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts to face Harvard at home on Saturday, Feb. 22 at 1 p.m. before traveling to Brown on March 1 and hosting Albany the following Saturday, March 8.
After a March 11 battle Providence, the Minutemen open CAA competition at Penn State on Saturday, March 15. Non-conference play wraps up with contests against Fairfield on March 18 and Hartford on March 22.
Massachusetts faces four consecutive CAA foes to close the regular season, starting with an April 5 home game versus Towson. A trip to Drexel on April 12 follows while Senior Day will occur when Hofstra travels to Amherst, Mass., on April 19.
The Minutemen head to Delaware on Friday, April 25 for a 7 p.m. contest in their final game before the start of the CAA Tournament, which the highest seed will host on Friday, May 2 and Sunday, May 4.
The first round of the NCAA Tournament is scheduled for May 10-11 while the quarterfinals follow on May 17-18. The final four will be held at M&T Bank Stadium in Baltimore, Md., from May 24-26.
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1. Are you accredited?
– Ryokan College is a California State Approved school and we are overseen by the California Bureau of Private Post-Secondary Education. We are not regionally accredited. This may or may not make a difference depending on your career plans. Most of our alumni start a private practice or work in a clinic and plan to stay in California.
2. Can I get licensed as a Psychologist in other states besides California?
– Most states do not accept degrees from unaccredited, California State Approved Schools for licensure. You would need to check the licensing board in your state of interest to ensure reciprocity. Some of our doctoral alumni who have moved to other states have become licensed Marriage Family Therapists or Mental Health Counselors instead.
3. What kinds of financial aid do you accept or offer?
– We do not qualify for Federal Financial Aid but we do have several payment plans to offer our students. Our tuition is remarkably low, so most students are able to work out a plan within their budget and not spend the next 20 years paying off a student loan.
4. How much do the programs cost?
– You can find all the pricing and financing information on page 88 and 89 of theRyokan College Catalog . The catalog is also on the website.
5. Why are the programs so inexpensive?
– Ryokan is a non-profit college. We strive to offer the best education at the most affordable prices and have been doing so since 1978. We don't have a large campus to pay for nor do we have to support a huge staff of administrators and tenured faculty. We're small and do quite well to provide excellent results for our students and alumni.
6. How long are the programs?
– Ryokan College offers expedited educational programs to allow you to finish your degree quickly. Our programs range from one to three years. You can check theRyokan College Catalog for more information on individual programs.
7. When are classes held and can I pick my own schedule?
– We offer classes in the evenings to fit even the busiest of schedules. Our programs work on a cohort system, so you will meet your classmates online at a specified time one or two evenings a week.
8. When do the schedules come out?
– We schedule classes in 6 month increments, so that you can plan your life. The schedules come out in April and October.
9. When do programs start and what is the enrollment deadline?
– Graduate programs start in January and July of each year. Enrollment should be completed by November 1st or May 1st, accordingly, so you have enough time to order textbooks. Bachelor of Arts programs start every 4 months (Sept, Jan, Apr, Jul).
10. Do you have on campus and online classes?
– We currently offer only online classes. Our classes are live and interactive and we use a state of the art learning platform to enhance our student's learning potential. We will be happy to show you around an online class if you want to learn more.
11. What is the online program like?
– We are not a typical "correspondence" course like some online colleges. We offer live and interactive classes online in real time (synchronous learning). Our programs promote collaboration between students and professors through the use of live classes and message boards. One or two evenings a week, you are seated in front of your computer or connecting by telephone, talking to your classmates and instructors, looking at Power Points as the different topics are discussed. It's the closest thing to a real classroom you can get. As far as we know, we are the only online school that offers real time, audio/visual participation.
12. Who are the professors at Ryokan College?
– Our professors are practicing clinicians in the field of psychology. Our faculty will not teach old theories or out of date material; they provide a current view of the field due to their involvement in their own practices, in clinics, or through other endeavors.
13. What will be expected of me while I am in the program?
– You will be expected to attend your scheduled classes, do the assigned reading, complete message board postings each week, and other assigned work determined by the instructor. Expect about 10 to 12 hours of work per week.
14. Can I work while in the program?
– Of course! Almost all our students have careers. Our programs are designed for the busy professional, the working mom or dad, or to be completed while working on an internship.
15. What can I do with my degree from Ryokan College?
– Lots! We have a great reputation in the field. Our alumni work in private practice, write, produce research, teach, and work in clinics around the United States and overseas. Want to know more? Check out our testimonials here!
15. Can you get me an internship or a job when I have graduated?
– We can certainly help you look for a job or internship. We get frequent announcements from our alumni who are looking for interns or assistants. We cannot guarantee that you will get a position in a certain part of the city with a certain client population using a certain approach. We can give you the contact information for every clinic and clinician in the State.
16. Why is personal therapy required for some programs?
– All psychology programs require personal therapy. It's important to know what it feels like to be on the client side. We require that you do your own personal psychotherapy work during or within 3 years of starting the program to ensure that you are the best clinician you can be once you start working with clients. Your own therapy is a crucial part of understanding yourself and the psychology field.
17. I want to get licensed, what do I need to do?
– First, determine which license would be right for you. Check out the differences between the various licenses here! If you still need assistance deciding, set up a meeting with someone from the college, who can walk you through the licensing process.
18. What are the admissions requirements?
– Every program is a bit different, but basically we need an application, an autobiographical essay, official transcripts, and a pre-admissions interview. You can find all of that in the Ryokan College Catalog.


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The Cloud Minders (episode)
this wiki
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(written from a Production point of view)
|"The Cloud Minders"
|TOS, Episode 3x19
Production number: 60043-74
First aired: 28 February 1969
Remastered version aired: 12 July 2008
|75th of 80 produced in TOS
|76th of 80 released in TOS
|76th of 80 released in TOS Remastered
|76th of 728 released in all
| Teleplay By
Margaret Armen
Story By
David Gerrold and Oliver Crawford
Directed By
Jud Taylor
|5818.4 (2269)
Kirk's efforts to obtain a vital mineral are complicated by terrorists striking at the beautiful cloud city Stratos and its virulent apartheid policies.
A botanical plague threatens a planet, Merak II, near where the USS Enterprise is operating. Under Federation orders, the Enterprise is to go to Ardana, the only known source of a mineral called zenite, which can stop the plague.
Uhura receives a communication and informs Captain Kirk that the High Adviser of Ardana is ready to receive the landing party on Stratos, a cloud city. Kirk thinks there is a mistake because he expected to be beamed down to the mine entrance so they could collect the consignment of zenite and immediately leave for the plague-stricken planet.
Kirk informs Uhura to send the High Adviser his regrets that he won't be able to attend the welcoming ceremonies due to the emergency and that the landing party will beam directly down to the mine entrance.
After beaming down to a rocky desolate place, Kirk and Spock look up to admire Stratos, the city floating in the sky. Kirk admits to having briefly visited Ardana once before, while Spock mentions that art is the population's chief occupation and that Ardana is a totally intellectual society where all violence has been eliminated.
They stroll towards the nearby mine entrance where the zenite should have been delivered by the miners, but is not there. As they pause to consider the possibilities, they are each ensnared by leather loops that pin their arms to their chests.
Surprised, they turn around to find, at the end of the tethers, two Troglytes, people dressed in dusty jumpsuits, boots, gloves, bandanas and goggle-like silver bands with slits over their eyes. There are three men, all wearing red jumpsuits, and one woman, wearing a blue jumpsuit – Kirk and Spock are outnumbered.
Act OneEdit
Kirk demands to know why he and Spock have been attacked. The woman in the group replies, "interference breeds attack, Captain". Mistaking them for Stratos dwellers, Kirk explains the situation. Realizing the futility, he signals Spock with a glance and they begin fighting.
Spock is left to deal with the two men – one of them is already unconscious – while Kirk wrestles with the woman whose goggles have fallen off making it possible to identify her.
Three men, two of them dressed in sky-blue tunics, materialize on the platform where Kirk and Spock had previously beamed down. The third man, older and bearded, in flowing robes, yells for the fighting to stop while the other two draw weapons. The man again yells for surrender as the attackers withdraw. The guards shoot, striking one of the attackers; the woman and the other two attackers manage to escape into the mine.
The robed figure, flanked by the two guards, approaches Kirk and Spock and inquires if they have been harmed. Kirk admits to being a bit shaken up. The robed man introduces himself as the High Adviser of the Council and explains the situation – that the Troglytes are habitually violent – and the attackers will be found and punished.
Kirk asks about the missing zenite and the High Adviser explains that the Disrupters, a rebel group of Troglytes, have confiscated it. He orders the guards to organize a search party to search for the missing zenite and invites Kirk and Spock to Stratos.
Kirk, Spock and the Adviser materialize on a balcony with steps leading down from it. Spock comments that Stratos is the "finest example of sustained anti-gravity elevation" he has ever seen.
As they descend the stairs, a woman glides towards them. She is blond, wearing a shimmering, sky-blue gown – her shoulders and slim midriff are bare; her breasts are held in two strips of the shimmering cloth, which crosses at the neck and extends to a pleated train that trails behind her. A pair of beautiful earrings frame her delicate face.
She says to the High Adviser – calling him "father" – that a sentinel had informed her of the honored guests and that she came to meet them and extend greetings. She is introduced as, "one of our finest and incomparable works of art" – her name is Droxine. Kirk says hello while Spock serenely bows his head, clearly in awe of the beauty in his presence.
Droxine admits to never having met a Vulcan; Spock counters with never before having met a work of art. The Adviser shows them around and points out the art works assembled there and stops in mid-sentence as his eyes come upon a miner's tool embedded in one of the artworks.
He quickly becomes agitated and blames the Disrupters. Spock doesn't understand the actions of the Disrupters. The Adviser admits that they are doing it so that the Council will accede to their demands. Kirk asks what their demands are because the situation is clearly delaying the delivery of the zenite.
Spock and Kirk are invited to stay in a rest chamber while they wait for the zenite to be found. After they leave, two sentinels struggle to bring a miner into the presence of the Adviser and his daughter on the balcony.
One of the guards informs them that the Troglyte was apprehended leaving the city without a transport card. The Adviser questions him and it is clear that the man is not answering truthfully. When confronted with the evidence of the cavern implement, he repeats his story that he came to make repairs and that he lost his repair permit in the struggle with the two sentinels.
When the Adviser commands that the Troglyte be secured to the rostrum, the Troglyte breaks free, runs up the stairs past the surprised Droxine and hurls himself over the balcony to his death. The only thing the High Adviser can bring himself to say is, "How unfortunate."
In the luxuriously appointed resting chamber, Kirk is asleep on a bed while Spock reclines on a chair and meditates on the contrasts between the two classes that live on the planet. He suddenly stops, gets up and walks out of the room to surprise Droxine, who is pouring some drinks and expected that Spock would be resting. Spock admits that her movements awakened him. She apologizes and is clearly charmed that Vulcan ears are extra sensitive to sound. Both Droxine and Spock fail to notice the woman that lurks behind some columns nearby and then enters the resting chamber.
While Droxine and Spock are distracted with each other, the woman, wearing a dark blue dress approaches the sleeping Kirk and draws a cavern implement.
Act TwoEdit
At the last possible moment, Kirk grabs her arm and in one swift move, pins her to the bed. She struggles to get free, to no avail and Kirk manages to knock the weapon from her hand. Kirk recognizes her as his attacker on the surface. After subduing her, Kirk insists that she answer his questions. When Kirk releases her after she promises not to attack him again, she again grabs the weapon and attempts to attack Kirk but is subdued.
Meanwhile, Droxine and Spock's discussion has arrived at Vulcan mating habits whose seven-year cycle curbs her intentions. They are sitting face to face, close to each other examining each other's features when Kirk's call for Spock interrupts them.
Kirk's attacker has now been disarmed and insists that murder was not her intent. When Droxine and Spock enter, it is clear that Kirk's attacker, named Vanna, is a servant on Stratos, who believes that the Enterprise and her crew have been called to Stratos to end the Disrupters' rebellion.
Droxine's and Vanna's conversation indicates that there are two classes of people and that the Stratos dwellers view the Troglytes as inferior, both intellectually and physically, and thus undeserving of any privileges.
Vanna is taken away by a sentinel and Kirk tries to understand the logic behind the mistreatment of the Troglytes. Droxine insists that the system, as it stands, is perfect and can see no reason to change it.
Vanna's hands are bound behind her back to a marble pillar with a semi-circular arch in front. Droxine and two Sentinels are also present. As some people stroll by, the High Adviser demands to know the names of the other Disrupters. When Vanna denies the existence of Disrupters, he realizes the futility of further questioning and claps his hands twice to switch on torture rays. The semi-circular arch facing Vanna begins to emit a high-pitched wailing sound and multi-colored rays – Vanna is unable to look away or even shut her eyes.
Meanwhile, back at the resting chamber, Spock explains to Kirk the etymology of "Troglyte" as being from the ancient Earth-word, "troglodyte," which means cave-dweller. A scream from outside the room forces them to respond.
As they arrive, the torture stops and Vanna slumps unconscious. The High Adviser explains that physical discomfort is a most effective method of eliciting information. Droxine leaves after Spock disagrees with her again about the logic of the Stratos philosophy.
After some heated words and threats are exchanged between Kirk and the High Adviser, he orders the Sentinels to remove Vanna from the torture device and orders Kirk and Spock to return to the Enterprise or risk a diplomatic incident. After Kirk and Spock beam up, The High Adviser advises the sentinels to kill Kirk if he ever sets foot on Stratos again.
Act ThreeEdit
Kirk and Spock are back on the bridge of the Enterprise. Dr. McCoy comes to report on some of his findings on the apparent differences between the cloud dwellers and the Troglytes. After some discussion, it becomes apparent that exposure to the gas emanating from unrefined zenite has deleterious effects on the mental function of the Troglytes. This would partly explain the cloud dwellers' prejudice against them. McCoy adds that the effects are fully reversible, regardless of the repeated exposure. Therefore, that simply wearing gas mask filters would protect the Troglyte miners from the effects of the gas. It is further postulated that since Vanna has passed a considerable amount of time at the city in the clouds, the effects of the gas on her are minimal and is therefore in a position to lead the Troglyte uprising. Seeing that they now may have a bargaining chip to help persuade the Disrupters to give them the consignment of zenite, Kirk orders McCoy to acquire as many gas masks as he can.
Kirk, Spock and McCoy contact the High Adviser to advise him of their findings but his resolve and obvious prejudice keep him from accepting them. Moreover, he accuses Kirk of interfering with the workings of a local government. After a heated exchange, the High Adviser terminates the communication. Kirk orders Spock to beam him to Vanna's confinement cell, against the High Adviser's stern suggestion that he not return to Stratos, and Spock's suggestion that he beam down since "A first officer is more expendable than either a doctor, or a captain".
Kirk, with gas mask in hand, is transported to the cell, where he tries to persuade Vanna. He promises her that after the zenite has been delivered, he will return to mediate the differences between the Cloud Dwellers and the Troglytes. At first, she too seems unmoved: "Hours can become centuries ... and promises can become lies ...." But in the end, Kirk seems to have gained her trust, and Vanna agrees to take him to the consignment, which is in a mine deep below the surface. A sentinel enters to deliver Vanna's refreshments. Kirk, hiding in a corner, stuns him with his phaser. They appropriate the fallen sentinel's transport pass and leave the cell.
Once they have made it into the subterranean zenite mine, Vanna strikes the mine wall with an implement as a signal, and two other Disrupters appear. But once Vanna has greeted them both, she orders them to subdue Kirk, take his phaser, and toss his communicator out of reach. She does not believe that an invisible and odorless gas has been keeping her people from functioning at the height of their potential. Now she has laid a trap, and has a very valuable hostage.
Act FourEdit
Vanna sends the two Disrupters away, one to transport the gas mask to the Cloud Dwellers' City as a message to the High Adviser, and the other (who has half a mind to kill Kirk instead) to alert the other Disrupters of any Enterprise officers who try to rescue Kirk. Then she orders Kirk to mine the zenite -- with his bare hands.
Kirk knows that the effects of the gas are already getting to him, so he bides his time, knowing that with the two of them alone he may have a chance. Having somewhat placated Vanna by getting her to talk, he rushes at her and retrieves his phaser. He shoots it into a nearby passageway to loosen some heavy rocks and block the only exit. Vanna exclaims that Kirk has cut off their air, whereby Kirk replies that she seems to place a lot of importance on a gas that is also invisible.
After retrieving his communicator, he calls up the Enterprise. Spock asks about the captain's condition, and that of the zenite consignment. Kirk orders him to transport the High Adviser to the Enterprise and then immediately to Kirk's coordinates in the mine, all without the High Adviser's knowledge or permission. Spock sets to the task immediately, and works with Scotty to establish a transporter lock on the High Adviser. Spock is having some trouble, as the Adviser is at the moment inseparably close to another being. Scotty reminds Spock that the captain's orders were to be carried out immediately, whereupon Spock replies, "...the captain will have to wait."
The other being is Droxine, who currently is discussing with her father the particulars of their recent guests, Kirk, and especially Spock. They are interrupted by the sentinel who had just recovered from Vanna's evacuated cell, and who brings the report of a gas mask having been found on the transporter. The Adviser then orders a search for Kirk, and sends Droxine away, but not before she asks her father whether their methods of dealing with the Troglytes are really the only correct recourse.
Spock, working with Scott, establishes a transporter lock on the High Adviser, and transports him, first to the ship transporter room, and then to Captain Kirk's subterranean location.
One Earth hour later, the High Adviser hotly demands Kirk to have him released from this predicament, but Kirk only forces both him and Vanna to mine the zenite with their bare hands. The High Adviser cannot stand any of this any longer, and challenges Kirk to a duel with the mining implements. Kirk accepts, and the two rumble on the mine floor. Vanna finally realizes that the gas does have an effect on even the High Adviser and on Kirk, who are descending into fits of rage. She grabs the communicator, and pleads to the Enterprise for help, to transport them away from this mine, else the two combatants kill each other. Spock orders it so, and once the three are on the transporter platform, Spock has to restrain Kirk and remind him of the effects of the zenite gas.
Having so graphically illustrated the effects of the gas to both Vanna and the High Adviser, Kirk gains the trust of Vanna and receives the consignment of zenite for the aid of the inhabitants of Merak II. He once again offers his assistance in mediating on behalf of the Troglytes, referring them to the Federation Bureau of Industrialization. As for the High Adviser accusing Kirk of meddling with the affairs of local government, Kirk issues a counter-indictment of im having assaulting a Starfleet officer. The two seem to get into another heated exchange when Vanna steps in, this time as the cooler head. She suggests that the two just forget the equally vexing charges. Kirk agrees, and is transported away with the zenite awaiting a needy colony. Droxine looks upon their departure thoughtfully.
Memorable QuotesEdit
"I have never before met a Vulcan, sir."
"Nor I a work of art, madam."
- - Droxine and Spock, on their first encounter
"This troubled planet is a place of the most violent contrasts. Those who receive the rewards are totally separated from those who shoulder the burdens. It is not a wise leadership."
- - Spock, meditating on Stratos
"You sleep lightly, Captain."
"Yes. Duty is a good teacher."
- - Vanna and Kirk, after he disarms her
"At that time, the mating drive outweighs all other motivations."
"And is there nothing that can disturb that cycle, Mister Spock?"
"Extreme feminine beauty is always disturbing, madam."
- - Spock and Droxine, on Vulcan mating habits
"Violence in reality is quite different from theory, is it not, madam?"
"But what else can they understand, Mister Spock?"
"All the little things you and I understand and expect from life, such as equality, kindness, justice."
- - Spock and Droxine, responding to Vanna's torture
"It's hard to believe something which is neither seen nor felt can do so much harm."
"That's true. But an idea can't be seen or felt. That's what's kept the Troglytes in the mines all these centuries, a mistaken idea."
- - Vanna and Kirk, in her cell
"Hours can be centuries, just as words can be lies."
- - Vanna, to Kirk
"But soon the atmosphere will go. We'll die!"
"Die from something that can't be seen? You astound me, Vanna."
- - Vanna and Kirk, as he creates a cave-in
"Father, are we so sure of our methods that we never question what we do?"
- - Droxine, to Plasus
"I am high advisor of all the planet! I will take no more orders!!"
- - Plasus
- - Captain Kirk, under the effect of zenite gas
Log entriesEdit
Background InformationEdit
Story and productionEdit
- This episode was based on a story submitted by David Gerrold called "Castles in the Sky". According to Gerrold, in The World of Star Trek:
- "It was intended as a parable between the haves and the have-nots, the haves being the elite who are removed from the realities of everyday life – they live in their floating sky cities. The have-nots were called "Mannies" (for Manual Laborers) and were forced to live on the surface of the planet where the air was denser, pressure was high, and noxious gases made the conditions generally unlivable. The Mannies torn between two leaders, one a militant, and one a Martin Luther King figure. (Mind you, this was in 1968, shortly after King was assassinated, and just before the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy.)
- In my original version, Kirk, Spock, McCoy and Uhura were captured by the Mannies when their shuttlecraft was shot down by a missile. (The Enterprise desperately needed dilithium crystals. This planet was one of the Federation's biggest suppliers, and Kirk's concern was to restore the flow of crystals. He didn't care who worked the mines, just that the supply was not interrupted. The shuttlecraft was necessary because I felt that the crystals might be too dense for the transporter.) In the process of the story, Kirk realizes that unless living conditions for the Mannies are improved, the situation can never be stabilized.
- Because Uhura has been injured in the shuttlecraft crash, McCoy starts treating her in a Mannie hospital. But he is so appalled at the condition of the other patients there, especially the children suffering from high-pressure disease, that he begins treating them as well. Meanwhile, Kirk and Spock have convinced their captors to let them go up to the sky city and try to negotiate a settlement to the local crisis.
- The story focused primarily on the lack of communication between the skymen and the Mannies. Kirk's resolution of the problem was to force the two sides into negotiation. He opened the channels of communication with a phaser in his hand. "You –sit there! You –sit there! Now, talk!" And that's all he does. He doesn't solve the problem himself, he merely provides the tools whereby the combatants can seek their own solutions, a far more moral procedure.
- In the end, as the Enterprise breaks orbit, Kirk remarks on this, as if inaugurating the problem-solving procedure is the same as solving the problem. He pats himself on the back and says, "We've got them talking. It's just a matter of time until they find the right direction." And McCoy who is standing right next to him, looks at him and says, "Yes, but how many children will die in the meantime?"
- This answer was not a facile one; the viewer was meant to be left as uneasy as Kirk.
- – But in the telecast version, the whole problem was caused by Zenite gas in the mines, and "if we can just get them troglytes to all wear gas masks, then they'll be happy little darkies and they'll pick all the cotton we need..."
- Somehow, I think it lost something in the translation."
- "Revolt" was another title used for the script before the final title was selected. The episode was filmed mid-November 1968.
- Allan Asherman suggests that this episode was partially based on Fritz Lang's 1927 science fiction classic, Metropolis, which features the ruling class living in huge skyscrapers, and the downtrodden workers in underground caverns. In the movie's climax the workers finally revolt against their masters. (The Star Trek Compendium)
- A line of dialog forgotten in the filming of this episode was dubbed in later by Shatner, but Kirk's mouth is not even moving as he says, "Who are you? What is the meaning of this attack?" Some recent telecasts have cut that line. [1]
- It is most unusual that Spock would discuss the Vulcan mating ritual so casually with a stranger Droxine; in "Amok Time", he tells Kirk that such ceremonies are not fit for discussion with outworlders. Similarly, his observation that "we [Vulcans] do pride ourselves on our logic" is uncharacteristic, given that pride is a human conceit—as Amanda Grayson points out to Sarek in "Journey to Babel".
- This episode contains a unique sequence with Spock giving an internal monologue which contained clips recapping the events up to that point.[2]
- Star Trek: Enterprise Executive Producer Manny Coto has mentioned on several occasions that if the series had gone on to a fifth season, they would have done a prequel episode to "The Cloud Minders" which would have featured the city of Stratos. [X]wbm
Props and special effectsEdit
- Stratos was designed by Matt Jefferies, who drew a "rough sketch", without ever drawing a final sketch. The city itself was created from green foam, white glue, hacksaw blades, and Xacto knives. The production designers then chopped up the foam and glued it together and put the final shapes on it, finished it off by wrapping the bottom with cotton, and hung it from the ceiling. (TOS Season 2 DVD special features)
- According to John Dwyer, the metal artwork that appeared in the corridors throughout the city was metal furniture, tables, etc. that he had rented from "a guy up in Topanga Canyon," minus the glass tops. (TOS Season 2 DVD special features)
- The image of the planet river, seen from the Cloud City balcony, is the Hadramawt Plateau dry river basin in southern Yemen, taken by astronauts on the Gemini IV orbital mission in 1965. [3] For the remastered effect, the distant mountains on the horizon are based on a different photo taken by astronauts on the International Space Station. [4]
- James Blish's novelized version of this episode is titled "The Cloud Miners."
Production timelineEdit
- Story outline by Oliver Crawford and David Gerrold, 24 June 1968
- Revised story outline, 10 July 1968
- Revised treatment by Margaret Armen, 2 August 1968
- Outline, 14 August 1968
- First draft teleplay, 27 September 1968
- Second draft teleplay, 21 October 1968
- Polished teleplay, 7 November 1968
- Filmed, 13 November 1968 – 20 November 1968
- Original airdate, 28 February 1969
- First UK airdate, 10 February 1971
Video and DVD releasesEdit
- Original US Betamax release: 1988
- UK VHS release (two-episode tapes, CIC Video): Volume 38, catalog number VHR 2434, 4 February 1991
- US VHS release: 15 April 1994
- UK re-release (three-episode tapes, CIC Video): Volume 3.7, 2 February 1998
- Original US DVD release (single-disc): Volume 37, 27 November 2001
- As part of the TOS Season 3 DVD collection
- As part of the TOS-R Season 3 DVD collection.
- View online at the CBS website (available in the US only)
Links and referencesEdit
- William Shatner as Capt. Kirk
Also starringEdit
- Leonard Nimoy as Mr. Spock
- And:
- DeForest Kelley as Dr. McCoy
Guest starEdit
- Jeff Corey as Plasus
- And:
- Charlene Polite as Vanna
- James Doohan as Scott
- Nichelle Nichols as Uhura
- Kirk Raymone as Cloud Guard #1
- Jimmy Fields as Cloud Guard #2
- Ed Long as Midro
- Fred Williamson as Anka
- Garth Pillsbury as Prisoner
- Harv Selsby as Guard
Uncredited co-starsEdit
- William Blackburn as Hadley (stock footage)
- Lou Elias as Troglyte #1
- Jay Jones as Prisoner #1
- George Takei as Hikaru Sulu (stock footage)
- Marvin Walters as Troglyte #2
- Dick Geary as Sentinel #1
- Bob Miles as Sentinel #2
- Unknown performers as:
Stunt doubles Edit
- Donna Garrett as stunt double for Charlene Polite
- Ralph Garrett as Troglyte stunts
- Unknown stunt performer as stunt double for William Shatner
- Unknown stunt performer as stunt double for Jeff Corey
antigravity; Ardana; Ardanan; art; "Bones"; botanical plaque; cavern implement; Cloud City Council Chamber; Cloud City Council Gallery; confinement quarters; Disrupters; dressmaker; ear; Earth; engineer; entomology; Federation; Federation Bureau of Industrialization; filter mask; high adviser; humanitarianism; logic; Merak II; Milky Way Galaxy; mining; mortae; oxygen; pon farr; protector; quadrant; rays; repair permit; retainer; rostrum; sentinel; shields; Starfleet Command; starship; Stratos; Stratos city-dweller; tension span; thong; top warp speed; transport card/transport pass; transport officer; troglodyte; Troglyte; vegetation; Vulcan; Vulcan (planet); zenite
External linkEdit
- The Cloud Minders at Memory Beta, the wiki for licensed Star Trek works
| Previous episode produced:
"The Lights of Zetar"
| Star Trek: The Original Series
Season 3
| Next episode produced:
"The Way to Eden"
| Previous episode aired:
"The Way to Eden"
| Next episode aired:
"The Savage Curtain"
| Previous remastered episode aired:
"The Savage Curtain"
|TOS Remastered
| Next remastered episode aired:
"Spectre of the Gun"
de:Die Wolkenstadt es:The Cloud Minders fr:The Cloud Minders ja:TOS:惑星アーダナのジーナイト作戦 nl:The Cloud Minders pl:The Cloud Minders


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Summer has officially arrived! Children are out of school; park and recreation agencies are busily finalizing camp and class rosters. As anyone who has stepped foot in a recreation center or onto a park during the summer months knows – summer equals kids in parks. Summer park and recreation programs provide children an opportunity to partake in experiences they may not have during the school year. Although unfortunate (and worthy of an entirely different blog post) that activities such as physical education and earth sciences have been stripped from many school programs, at least park and recreation agencies are there to step in and provide children with these and other experiences during the summer months. My six year old daughter just completed a three-day nature camp; the week prior she took an art workshop – both at our local park. Both are areas of interest to her and her parents, so we enrolled her in these "important-to-us" programs.
But, what about the kids who don't have the same resources mine do? What about programs that may not be "important-to-us," but critical to health? What about the millions, 19.5 million to be specific, of children who fall within the definition of low-income? Do these kids have access to the same summer experiences that my kids do? I think the answer is yes-maybe.
Park and recreation agencies universally offer fee waivers and reductions for low-income children to participate in summer programs. This is the yes part of my response. However, many parents and caregivers aren't aware of the assistance available to allow their children to participate in these summer programs. And if they are aware, their kids might not be able to get to the park without the school busses and crossing guards in place during the school year. If they do get there, does the park and recreation agency have the resources necessary to meet the need? This is the maybe part of my response.
To illustrate my point and to get at the heart of this post; 19.5 million children receive free or reduced-priced lunches at school each year. However, during the summer months fewer than 3 million children partake in free summer lunch. This is a gap of more than 16 million kids who can receive a free healthy lunch each day school is out, but don't. Why is this? NRPA believes the answer to this gap is awareness of families, access by children, and resources at parks.
Over the last three years, NRPA has awarded grants to 44 communities through its Serving Communities program. Funded by the Walmart Foundation, and being joined by the Kansas Health Foundation in 2012, these grants provide park and recreation agencies with resources to expand their community outreach, hire staff for larger and additional feeding sites, purchase refrigerated vans to transport meals, and bring on school busses (and drivers) to help get kids to parks. These grants have targeted awareness, access, and resources – resulting in 16 million meals being served to 180,000 children thus far. This is from the handful of communities receiving Serving Communities grants. Recognizing there are roughly 12,000 park and recreation agencies in the United States and that 84 percent of them provide summer lunches (56% also provide afterschool meals) and the real impact is staggering. Park and recreation agencies serve 560,000,000 meals to children each year.
But, there are still more than 16 million children who could be participating in summer lunch programs at parks, but aren't. If these kids aren't in parks – where are they and what are they doing?
Working where I do, I understand the critical role park and recreation agencies have in improving individual and community quality of life. Being a parent, I see the real importance of a child's time spent in an enriching and healthy environment. With expanded support from the Walmart Foundation and Kansas Health Foundation, I'm proud to be a part of NRPA's effort to provide park and recreation agencies with the tools to help them bring more at-risk kids into parks; not only each summer, but every day.
Written by: Jimmy O'Connor, NRPA Senior Manager of Corporate Grants, Father of three
Tell us, how are you serving your community during the summer months to reach at-risk populations? How do you raise awareness, increase access and provide resources? Do you have success stories to share? We want to hear from you!
I live in parks and recreation nivarna. We do not charge for programs.....a strange anomoly in a world where most parks and recreation agencies are in the revenue generation business. We are tax supported and therefore run our programs on what is alotted to us.......and we have good programs. ( and yes there are some specialty programs we do charge for but they are minimal.) Our Parks and Recreation Commission refuses to support fees and charges across the board specific to recreation........their arguement is that folks are already paying through their taxes so arbitrarily singling out folks who choose to take advantage of the services would be discriminatory........they would reconsider if the community simply developed a community service fee scheduled that reflected charges for a wide array of community services......but don't single out recreation....in our case.
But getting back to nutrition service programs...........we live in a double township.......our main park and our outdoor pool are located in the middle of town next to the school that provides free breakfast and lunch......really quite handy. The problem is that, unlike the school year when children are bussed to and from school, those youngsters that live 2-3 miles out or more have no way to partake in programs nor free food services. I suspect that also applies to large cities and other rural areas.......perhaps lack of communication is a prime factor but I believe that the other one has to do with a lack of organized transporation services during the summer months.
Kathy Mazzuchelli
Supt Parks & Rec
Caribou, Me.
by Kathy Mazzuchelli on
The opinions of NRPA blog contributors don't necessarily reflect the editorial position of National Recreation and Park Association as a whole.
22377 Belmont Ridge Road Ashburn, Va 20148-4501 800.626.NRPA (6772) ©


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She is survived by William Carraher, of Beeville, TX, her husband of almost 24 years, as well as four children and their spouses, Michael and Gail Agor, of Orlando, FL, Terry and Craig Billman, of Beeville, TX, Laurie and Buck Davies, and Marcy and Tim Williams, all of whom reside in Chesapeake, VA, and a step-daughter Leigh Lucero and her spouse Tony, of Suffolk, VA. Dolores has six grandchildren and six great-grandchildren.
The family will be receiving friends from 6 p.m. - 7 p.m. on Thursday, August 22, 2013 at Galloway & Sons Funeral Chapel. A rosary will be recited that same evening at 7 p.m.
A Memorial Service will be held on Friday morning August 23, 2013 at 10 a.m. at Galloway and Sons Chapel with Deacon Luis Trevino presiding. In lieu of flowers, please make memorial donations to St. Joseph Catholic Church, Beeville.


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As I mentioned a few weeks ago, one of the more popular and capable typesetting tools for Linux is TeX. It comes with all of the major Linux distributions. The TeX system itself, a large collection of files and data, is packaged in distributions; TeTeX is the TeX distribution designed for Linux, and you can find it on the Web at http://www.tug.org/teTeX/.
Donald Knuth, the world's foremost authority on algorithms, wrote TeX in 1984 as a way to typeset his books, because he wasn't satisfied with the quality of available systems. Since then, many extensions to the TeX formatting language have been made -- the most notable being Leslie Lamport's LaTeX, which is designed to facilitate the typesetting of structured documents. (LaTeX probably gets more day-to-day use than the plain TeX format, but in my experience, both systems are useful for different kinds of documents.)
While not everyone wants needs to write documents with TeX or LaTeX, these formats are widely used, especially on Linux systems. So every Linux user has the potential to encounter one of these files. This column tells you how to deal with them.
When someone writes a document with TeX, they compose an input file, which is a plain text file that contains the text of the document, with the TeX formatting commands interspersed in it.
So first, we'll need to get some sample input files to process.
For the following examples, we'll use some tutorial files written on the subject of learning TeX and LaTeX itself -- Michael Doob's A Gentle Introduction to TeX and Tobias Oetiker's The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX. These tutorials are available on the Net in the respective formats they describe. You can download them here:
The TeX input for A Gentle Introduction to TeX is one file, called gentle.tex.
The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX is a somewhat larger document, and its chapters have been put in separate files. So the LaTeX input is a collection of several files in a .zip archive -- after you download it, use the unzip tool to extract all of the files:
$ unzip src.zip
This command makes a new subdirectory, called src, which contains all of the LaTeX input for this document.
To view or print a TeX or LaTeX document, you process its input file.
TeX and LaTeX files are processed with different commands. So, the first step is figuring out which format a file is in.
By convention, TeX files always have a .tex file name extension.
LaTeX input files sometimes have a .latex or .ltx file name extension instead -- but not always. One way to tell if a .tex file is actually in the LaTeX format is to use grep to search the file for the text "\document", which every LaTeX (and not TeX) document will have. (The regular expresion to use with grep is '\\document', since slash characters must be specified with two slashes.)
For example, to determine whether the file "gentle.tex" is a plain TeX or LaTeX document, type:
$ grep '\\document' gentle.tex RET
In this example, grep returned to the shell prompt without matching and printing any lines at all, so you can safely assume that the file gentle.tex is a plain TeX document.
Use the tex command to process TeX files. It takes as an argument the name of the TeX source file to process, and it writes an output file in DVI ("Device Independent") format with the same base file name as the source file, but with a .dvi extension.
To process the TeX file gentle.tex, type:
$ tex gentle.tex RET
That's all there is to it! The output is written to a DVI file named gentle.dvi. (During processing, TeX makes other files, too -- for example, you'll find a gentle.log file, which will contain a log of error messages, if any; you can safely ignore these files -- and delete them if you wish.)
The latex command works just like tex, but you use it to process LaTeX files.
The Oetiker text consists of several separate LaTeX files in the src directory, with the file lshort.tex being the base file for the document -- when you process this file, LaTeX will read and include all of its subsidiary files.
To prepare the LaTeX file lshort.tex, type:
$ latex lshort.tex RET
This command outputs a DVI file, lshort.dvi.
You may need to run latex on a file several times consecutively -- LaTeX documents sometimes have indices and cross references which, because of the way that LaTeX works, take another run through latex to fully process.
So to make sure all of the cross references in this document have been generated, run latex on it once again:
$ latex lshort.tex RET
The lshort.dvi file will be rewritten with an updated version containing the proper page numbers in the cross reference and index entries.
Ok, so you've successfully made a DVI output file from your TeX or LaTeX input. Now what?
Once you've produced a DVI output file, you can preview it on the screen, print it out, or convert it to another file format.
Use the xdvi tool to preview it on the screen. It shows how the document will look should you print it, and lets you view it at different magnifications.
For example, to preview the DVI file lshort.dvi, type:
$ xdvi lshort.dvi RET
This command opens xdvi in a new window and displays the first page of the document; on the xdvi toolbar you'll find buttons for enlarging the view, moving through pages, and exiting the viewer.
If you have a printer installed on your system, you can print the DVI file. The dvips tool will convert the DVI file to PostScript, and spool it to the printer (most systems with non-PostScript printers are set up with filters to convert the PostScript to a format the printer understands).
To print the file gentle.dvi, type:
$ dvips gentle.dvi RET
Instead of sending the PostScript output to the printer, you can
write it to a file. Give the name of the file with the
-o option.
To write a PostScript file lshort.ps from the file lshort.dvi, type:
$ dvips -o lshort.ps lshort.dvi RET
This writes a new file in PostScript format, lshort.ps; it doesn't alter the original DVI file.
The ps2pdf tool, part of the gs (Ghostscript) package, converts a PostScript file to PDF. Give as arguments the name of the PostScript file, and the name of the PDF file to write to. For example:
$ ps2pdf lshort.ps lshort.pdf RET
This writes a new file in PDF format called lshort.pdf. The original file lshort.ps is not altered.
To convert the PostScript output to plain text, use ps2ascii, which works just like ps2pdf but outputs a file in plain text:
$ ps2ascii lshort.ps lshort.txt RET
This command converts the PostScript file to plain text and writes it to lshort.txt. (You can also use the gs tool to convert the PostScript output to an output format suitable for another printer or output device.)
Next week: for those who want to dive into the world of TeX, some document templates to make it easier.
Michael Stutz was one of the first reporters to cover Linux and the free software movement in the mainstream press.
Read more Living Linux columns.
Discuss this article in the O'Reilly Network Linux Forum.
Return to the Linux DevCenter.
Copyright © 2009 O'Reilly Media, Inc.


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Mayor Kirk Caldwell promised to fix potholes, now he's getting his hands dirty repairing some holes himself.
Drivers say it's not easy avoiding potholes.
"It's potential accidents waiting to happen. It drifts you off into the other lane," said driver Johnny Retuta.
"It's kind of frustrating when you're in traffic and you have to dodge around, and you really can't," said driver Gabrielle.
The mayor was hard at work early on Wednesday. It's one of his administration's priorities to fill more potholes in the city. The mayor says his upcoming budget may include more than $100 million dollars for road repair.
"The next step is not just finding the money, it's actually getting it out to contractors to rebuild roads this one here, and we're going to work really hard to do that," said Mayor Caldwell.
But that rebuilding comes too late for some. Mechanics said drivers go into their shops daily to fix damage caused by potholes, and it can be very expensive to fix.
"You have a car that can get damaged, a wheel that can get damaged, and the alignment that can get knocked out, and in some cases even damage to suspension parts," said Jim Baldauf with Lex Brodie's Tire Company.
Some said there's only one thing you can do to avoid the holes.
"Slow down and watch out because some of them are very deep, and you can't tell especially if there's water in it, so you just go slow," said driver Scott Watanabe.
Caldwell said after any big rain, the city will move personnel from routine maintenance to filling big holes on roads.
If you find a pothole you can help by calling the city's new pothole hotline at 768-7777.
The mayor asks that you report where and how big the pothole is. The repairs are a part of an end goal to makeover city streets.


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Powered by innovative Canon technologies our extensive range includes the best compact digital camera for you - whether you 're a complete beginner or an advanced professional.
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Download software, firmware and manuals and get access to online technical support resources and troubleshooting for your compact camera.
Find specification and compatible accessories information for older PowerShot and IXUS models in our archived products section.


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Kuhio Beach in Waikiki won a regional award for the "Best of the Best Restored Beach" online contest which allowed people from around the world to vote for their favorite restored beach.
The American Shore & Beach Preservation Association sponsored the contest.
Kuhio Beach won the restored beach regional award for South Central Pacific coast and Hawaii Beaches.
Here are some of the other results:
- Top urban beach: West Hampton Dunes, NY
- Top community beach: Navarre Beach, FL (also garnering the highest overall vote total)
- Top park/habitat beach: Presque Isle, PA
Here are the winners of the regional categories, with the top three winners excluded:
- Northeast Beaches: East Beach, Norfolk, VA
- Northwest Beaches: Marine Park, Bellingham, WA
- Southeast Beaches: Isle of Palms, SC
- Florida Gulf Coast Beaches: Captiva Island, FL
- Northern and Western Gulf Coast Beaches: Corpus Christi, TX
- Great Lakes Beaches: Sunrise Beach Park, IL
American Shore & Beach Preservation Association President Harry Simmons singled out Panama City, FL for a special President's Award, citing the strong community support.
The goal of the contest was to make more people aware of the substantial benefits and widespread prevalence of restored beaches on all of America's coasts.
Winning beach communities will be honored at a special ceremony during the 2013 ASBPA National Coastal Summit, held in Washington, DC, Feb. 26-28.
Complete descriptions of each of the beaches who were in the running for Best-of-the-Best Beach are online at www.asbpa.org.


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Extended Perks members now have exclusive access to one-click booking! Save time by just clicking the Just Book It! link under your desired room rate to instantly reserve your room!
Located on the shore of Lake Erie near Ohio's border with Michigan, Toledo is known for its glass industry and by some as the "Auto Parts Capital of the World." If you are looking for Toledo hotels, Extended Stay America has several great places to stay, each offering a great price.
Automobile parts and manufacturing have long been important to Toledo. Chrysler continues to make the Jeep here. Major automotive parts manufacturer Dana Corporation has its corporate headquarters in the town of Maume, just down the Maume River from downtown Toledo.
Glass has played an important part in the local economy and helped to create a marvelous cultural attraction for the city as well. Owens Corning, a Fortune 500 company and one of the largest makers of fiberglass, has its world headquarters in Toledo. Just a few miles out of town in nearby Perrysburg is the headquarters of Owens-Illinois, the world's largest maker of glass bottles.
Toledo is also a vibrant, fun city to visit with sights like the internationally acclaimed Toledo Museum of Art. The museum has a permanent collection of over 30,000 pieces and includes works by van Gogh, Monet and Picasso. Be sure you allow time to see the Museum's Glass Pavilion. With more than 5,000 works, the Glass Pavilion traces the use of glass in art and culture from ancient days to modern times.
After viewing the beautiful glass works at the Pavilion, you may want to look for some special glass pieces for your home. Less than two miles from the Pavilion is the Libbey Glass Factory Outlet. Part museum, part retail store, this is the perfect place to visit if you plan to buy glassware, dinnerware or beautiful glass accessories.
If you enjoy the performing arts, Toledo has wonderful options. The Toledo Opera and the Toledo Symphony each offer top quality, traditional classical performances. Combining traditional dance with modern presentations, the Toledo Ballet is also a school for aspiring dancers. Toledo also has a vibrant jazz community and is host to the Art Tatum Jazz Heritage Society. You can see how the Society has benefited the local community by checking out the piano playing pachyderm at the Toledo Zoo.
The Toledo Zoo has a lot more to offer than just musical elephants. Opened in 1900, this was the first zoo in the world to feature a hippoquarium,an underwater viewing exhibit for hippopotami. In addition to having a wonderful collection of animals, the Zoo also has fun rides, a hands-on play area for children under eight years old and plenty of places to buy and enjoy hearty food.
Fans of outdoor recreation will want to check out Maumee Bay State Park. Located on the shore of Lake Erie, the park has two swimming beaches, 10 miles of hiking trails and is an ideal place to picnic. Just a few miles east of Toledo is the Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge. Begin your time here at the Visitor Center, but be sure you check the date to see if one of the monthly seven-mile auto tours of the Refuge is being offered.
Fans of the television show M*A*S*H* may remember how Corporal Klinger yearned to attend a Toledo Mud Hens baseball game. No writer's creation, the Mud Hens are one of minor league baseball's oldest teams and are the AAA affiliate of the Detroit Tigers. If you visit during baseball season, be sure to take in a game at the new Fifth Third Field.
Most golfers will enjoy playing the South Toledo Golf Club. Here you can play nine or 18 holes of golf. If you just want to tune up your drive, visit the Golf Dome, one of just a few fully enclosed driving ranges in the country. For more Toledo golf options, visit Golflink.com.
For a comfortable, convenient, and affordable hotel in Toledo, Extended Stay America has just what you are looking for.


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To My Friend, Mr. Lung, on a Rainy Day in May
Dear Jeff,
I don't know if it's just DC but this week has been a little tough. I think a lot of it has to do with the general rainy dreariness that seems to have settled in over the area. However, the one thing I know is that no matter how rainy and dreary it might be here, it can only be worse in Chicago.
The other thing I know is that you, my friend, cannot get enough of the older of the two Andrews sisters. So, in order to send a little love your way (and perhaps earn a little karma for myself) and knowing that your recent reliance on the MLB Network has left you going through serious EA withdrawal, here is my hump day present to you (and to others who also appreciate such things).
Oh, and Kyle Farnsworth still sucks.
P.S. Here's another. Should make for some even better karma.
-Photos via Deadspin
8 Comments
Can we send some of this yucky rain over the CA where they need it? I am SO sick of rain too!
Hey, Guys – I'm in Virginia and the sun just came out. And Manny is suspended for 50 games. Life is looking up (as is Ms. Andrews).
PS. If we get another stretch of rainy days here, may I request a picture of Jacoby Ellsbury to cheer me up?
Anything for you, Jen. Besides, Al has a thing for Ellsbury anyway.
Well I certianly appreciate it a little bit more. The only person I hate right more than Farnsworth right now is Carl Pavano. The useless clown has burned me on back-to-back starts. There's no chance he's finally got good is there? Not a chance. Ashhttp://ashleymarshall.mlblogs.com
A smiling fit looking girl always brings a smile to my face. Thanks Al I wish Jeff could help his old Baba out like that once in awhile, but noooooo baseball always baseball.


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The study of communication is a multidisciplinary effort to understand the constant, varied, and complex transmission and exchange of information, knowledge, and ideas. The extensive nature of communication means that efforts to study it span multiple epistemologies and methodologies. Also, given the changing media landscape, scholars and professionals must constantly consider new content, technologies, processes and effects, and theories of communication. The overlapping domains of communication make it challenging to stay informed about every applicable area. A great deal of this work has moved online with the most recent scholarship, research, and statistics appearing in online databases. Oxford Bibliographies in Communication will provide much-needed guidance for students and scholars at every level.
Miami University has a long and proud tradition of student involvement in both radio and television productions. This exhibit will celebrate five decades of students in broadcasting. Many of these productions can be found online in the WMUB Archives. For questions about the exhibit, contact Marcus Ladd at email@example.com or (513) 529-0462.
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Staff Spotlight—Thom Gerrish
New in November: Leisure Reading
ALA President Dr. Julie Todaro Releases Statement on Libraries, the Association, Diversity and Inclusion
Leonard Cohen (1934-2016): playlist and notable resources


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Welcome to Experts at Laurier, a one-stop media resource featuring a broad database of experts who have agreed to make themselves available for media interviews. Contact them directly or call a media relations officer at 519-884-0710, ext. 3067 or 3070.
To search for a topic containing multiple words, please enclose the term in quotation marks, for example, "Canadian history"
Search Results
Your search returned the following Experts.
Click on the person's name for more information.
Professor, Flute; Co-ordinator of Winds, Brass, and Percussion
Areas of Expertise: Flute performance; 19th-century orchestral performance practice; Chamber music; Orchestral studies
Biography: Dr. Amy Hamilton received a Bachelor of Music/ Performers Certificate …
519-884-0710 ext.2251


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The "subject" is the person whose record you wish to obtain. A criminal history record check is not the same as a background check.
A criminal history record check may be name-based or fingerprint based. A name-based search will not identify records if the subject was arrested under a different name from the name(s) listed on the request form. A fingerprint-based search will identify arrest records even if the subject used an unknown alias. If a fingerprint-based search is requested, fingerprints must be provided. To obtain fingerprints, contact your local law enforcement agency.
You need the subject's:
- Full name (including maiden name, former name or known aliases),
- Date of Birth,
- Social Security Number OR the subject's fingerprints, and
- Current address (unless the subject has signed an authorization form),
Complete the:
Request for Criminal History Record Information
Criminal History Record Check for Public Schools
Submit the request along with a check or money order (NO CASH) for $15.001 made payable to the "ND Attorney General."
It takes approximately 7-10 days to process and complete the criminal history record check, so you can expect to receive the results by regular mail in approximately 10 days -2 weeks. If you need to expedite the request, you must include a pre-paid self-addressed overnight/priority mail type envelope and payment only in the form of a certified cashier's check or money order.
Unless a signed authorization accompanies the request, the BCI will mail a notice to the subject that the criminal history record has been released.
NOTE: If you require the response to be certified or notarized you must attach a written request to the record request form. For information about an Apostille, contact the North Dakota Secretary of State at (701) 328-2901.
1 An eligible non-profit charitable organization may submit an Application for Reduction in Fee. Upon approval, the fee is reduced to $5.


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Here's what you need to know about the warming planet, how it's affecting us, and what's at stake.
Photograph by Ilya Naymushin/Reuters/Corbis
The planet is warming, from North Pole to South Pole, and everywhere in between. Globally, the mercury is already up more than 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.8 degree Celsius), and even more in sensitive polar regions. And the effects of rising temperatures aren't waiting for some far-flung future. They're happening right now. Signs are appearing all over, and some of them are surprising. The heat is not only melting glaciers and sea ice, it's also shifting precipitation patterns and setting animals on the move.
Some impacts from increasing temperatures are already happening.
- Ice is melting worldwide, especially at the Earth's poles. This includes mountain glaciers, ice sheets covering West Antarctica and Greenland, and Arctic sea ice.
- Researcher Bill Fraser has tracked the decline of the Adélie penguins on Antarctica, where their numbers have fallen from 32,000 breeding pairs to 11,000 in 30 years.
- Sea level rise became faster over the last century.
- Some butterflies, foxes, and alpine plants have moved farther north or to higher, cooler areas.
- Precipitation (rain and snowfall) has increased across the globe, on average.
- Spruce bark beetles have boomed in Alaska thanks to 20 years of warm summers. The insects have chewed up 4 million acres of spruce trees.
Other effects could happen later this century, if warming continues.
- Sea levels are expected to rise between 7 and 23 inches (18 and 59 centimeters) by the end of the century, and continued melting at the poles could add between 4 and 8 inches (10 to 20 centimeters).
- Hurricanes and other storms are likely to become stronger.
- Species that depend on one another may become out of sync. For example, plants could bloom earlier than their pollinating insects become active.
- Floods and droughts will become more common. Rainfall in Ethiopia, where droughts are already common, could decline by 10 percent over the next 50 years.
- Less fresh water will be available. If the Quelccaya ice cap in Peru continues to melt at its current rate, it will be gone by 2100, leaving thousands of people who rely on it for drinking water and electricity without a source of either.
- Some diseases will spread, such as malaria carried by mosquitoes.
- Ecosystems will change—some species will move farther north or become more successful; others won't be able to move and could become extinct. Wildlife research scientist Martyn Obbard has found that since the mid-1980s, with less ice on which to live and fish for food, polar bears have gotten considerably skinnier. Polar bear biologist Ian Stirling has found a similar pattern in Hudson Bay. He fears that if sea ice disappears, the polar bears will as well.
Source for climate information: IPCC, 2007
Environment Quizzes
More About Global Warming
Signs From Earth: No Room to Run
From penguins to alpine flowers, animals and plants are coping with heat. Fen Montaigne discusses the complex effects of a warming global climate.
The Case of the Missing Carbon
Burning fossil fuels, humans pump CO2 into the atmosphere. Fortunately, plants and ocean waters gather it in. But what if this great recycling system went awry?
Interactive Map: Global Warming Effects
Signs of global warming are appearing all over, and some of them are surprising. Get a picture of how climate change can affect the world.


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Help Save the Arctic at www.savethearctic.org
At 4am local time in Russia, six Greenpeace activists, including Executive Director Kumi Naidoo, set off in three inflatable speedboats from the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise and scaled Gazprom's 'Prirazlomnaya' Arctic oil platform in the Arctic. They are there to demand that the Russian company abandon its dangerous Arctic drilling plans.
The six climbers have taken up positions on the structure and have interrupted the platform's operations. The activists are out of reach and have enough supplies to last them for several days.
From the Arctic Sunrise, Greenpeace Campaigner, Dima Litvinov, says: "This is the face of Arctic destruction. Prirazlomnaya is the first ice-capable permanent oil platform in the Arctic. It is a perfect example -- it is a personification of the slowly creeping industrialization of this pristine area. And especially, given the information that is coming in all the time about the rapidly decreasing ice cover in the Arctic, it is an obscenity. It is an insult that the same companies that are responsible for this crisis are now seeking to profit from it."
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News: MacMahon: Jerry Jones ignoring the real issue
Discussion in 'News Zone' started by Risen Star, Jan 10, 2013.
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