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15 dating tricks for every age
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Through The Years1 of 16
Navigating the dating scene can be a fun yet somewhat harrowing experience at any age. We asked Glo columnist Annabelle Gurwitch, co-author of You Say Tomato, I Say Shut Up: A Love Story (which she wrote with her husband of 15 years) to draw upon her dating experience (both personal and observed) and share her advice for people in their 20s, 30s, 40s and beyond.
In Your 20s2 of 16
During my 20s, I dated most of, if not all, the eligible men of Manhattan. And some, not so eligible. Don't do anything in your 20s that you will still have to think about in your 30s. Follow my logic: If 40 is the new 30, then naturally, 20 is the new 10. So have fun, play nice and expect some bruises and tears.
Date Globally3 of 16
Michael Caine famously noted that there was a time in his career when he chose films solely by their location (hence the classic clunker, Blame It on Rio). A great way to see the world is to date people in different countries. Skype has done away with those pesky telephone bills, and your 20s are a perfect time to travel — before you reach an age when you want to have your own pillow at all times.
Be Prepared4 of 16
When shacking up, don't forget your toothbrush and dental floss. The embarrassment of packing a toothbrush in your purse—even if you don't end up needing it—pales in comparison to the pain of a root canal down the road.
Click With Caution5 of 16
Here's a lesson from my teenage son who just had an eight-hour "relationship." Once he was single again (according to his Facebook relationship status), all his "friends" knew it. Facebook is tantamount to taking out a newspaper ad, so think twice before spilling the details of your dating life online.
In Your 30s6 of 16
At this stage, it may feel like you have less time to squander on dating because you have so much you want to accomplish. But this is also when that first notion of "for the long haul" may enter your mind. So although you're busy, make time to take a look around and survey the field.
See The Red Flags7 of 16
Anyone you are considering dating at this point has developed something of a personality, even if they are still becoming the person they were meant to be. I used to always date loners, because they seemed "cool and reserved." But these are often warning signs for "aloof and indifferent." Just saying.
Be Wary Of "Projects"8 of 16
So he does this thing where he picks his teeth with the side of a credit card? I can live with that. So his apartment is decorated in early dorm room? I can fix it up. So he breaks dates at the last minute? Uh-oh. Men are not fixer-uppers or "houses with good bones." Take a good hard look before you leap!
Listen Up9 of 16
Meet his friends. You can learn a lot more from them than your date might divulge: "You're the first woman he's dated that we've ever met, and we've been friends for 20 years!" Has he ever had a relationship? Hmmm… this might be a red flag.
In Your 40s10 of 16
Congratulations! You know who you are and what you like. Or, if you don't know exactly who you are yet, at least you know who you aren't and what you don't like. You're ready to act quickly, because you trust your instincts, right? And, because you can keep busy with other things that matter to you. Remind yourself of that on a daily basis.
Think Fast11 of 16
It may seem crazy that in such a short time—say, over a quick cup of coffee—you know whether or not you want to see someone again, but consider this: In Blink, Malcolm Gladwell posited that snap decisions are often as good as, if not better than, carefully planned and considered ones.
Widen The Pool12 of 16
Go back to dating tip number one from your 20s and broaden your search. If you live in a small community, then you may have already dated or been married to anyone you find attractive. Visiting family across the country? Traveling a lot for work? Get dressed up for the plane ride. You never know.
Get The Facts13 of 16
If you're dating online, just know that, on average, men add three to four inches to their height and subtract four to five years from their age on dating profiles. Worth bearing in mind.
In Your 50s14 of 16
Look to fall in like, not necessarily in love. Keep an open mind about what kind of relationship you're seeking at this point in life. Love may supply us with a multitude of fever-pitch experiences and is a terrific prospect at any age, but a little low-intensity "like" can be fun, too.
Go Digital15 of 16
If you decide to look for love (or like) online, then you'll inevitably find yourself writing a dating profile. This can be tricky. Your dog may be the cutest thing ever in an Easter bonnet, but posting this photo isn't always the best idea. (A man sees it and imagines you want to do the same thing to him.) Ask a close, objective pal for input.
Tell It Like It Is16 of 16
Write about yourself carefully and accurately. The phrase "looking for some adventure" may get you an immediate response, but perhaps not the one you intended. If you really love adventures such as mountain climbing, spell it out—or be careful what you wish for.


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A few women who inspire me
It's International Women's Day 2011, and the 100 year anniversary of International Women's Day to boot! I hope you're all doing something awesome to mark the occasion. For my part, I a) educated a well-meaning but misguided man when he came to my Facebook page to ask "why do we need a day for women anyway?" (he was mainly disgruntled about the fact that there is "no Man Day" — except, er, there is you guys! Yay!), and b) donated £50 to World Pulse. I've also been trying to spread the message about What Day This Is to the people around me, and as part of that, I've decided to write a wee post here about the women who inspire me. I've taken the idea from my super-talented and fabulous sister Helen, who made the short film at the bottom of this page.
Margaret Atwood
I don't really need to say much here, do I? I'm sure you're all aware of what a huge literary force of nature Margaret Atwood is, even if you don't love her writing (not meaning to alarm you, but there's something wrong with you, by the way). As well as being an incredible novelist and poet, she's also written extensively on the nature of writing as a craft, on Canadian writing and on women's writing. She is a tireless campaigner for all manner of green and other political issues, and — I've met her! — a lovely person into the bargain.
Emmeline Pankhurst
Again, I'm sure most of you have at least a vague idea of who this lady was, but for those of you who need some clarification: Emmeline Pankhurst is one of the most influential female political figures of all time and has been named one of the 100 Most Important People of the 20th Century. As the founder of the WSPU she played a leading and pivotal role in the UK women's suffrage movement, campaigning tirelessly and, controversially, sometimes violently to gain political agency for British women. Along with her daughter Christabel and her dedicated legion of WSPU followers, she changed the face of British — and by extension, world — politics forever.
Marie, Lady Stubbs DSG
Marie Stubbs is an inspirational Scotswoman and a fantastic teacher and educator (now retired), whose story was recently told via Ahead of the Class, a TV film starring Julie Walters. Stubbs took over the governance of St George's Roman Catholic Secondary School in Maida Vale following the shocking murder of its former head teacher Philip Lawrence, and after regulatory bodies had rated the school's education provision and learner engagement and well-being as dangerously poor. Stubbs took a radical new approach, with the motto "every child should be intrinsically valued," managing to execute a truly inspirational turnaround in the school's fortunes, engaging learners and staff in innovative new ways. As a teacher, she's one of my heroines.
Gabourey Sidibe
I'll be honest — there aren't that many Hollywood actresses I'd fancy going out for a pint and a chat with (though there's another exception below), but Gabourey Sidibe? FOR SURE. Although I'd probably be totally tongue-tied when it came to the 'chat' bit, because I think this woman is a frickin' goddess. She shot to fame a couple of years ago in the movie Precious, but unfortunately it was apparently impossible for critics and audiences to talk solely about her acting abilities. This woman must have faced more scrutiny about her weight and appearance than half of the rest of Hollywood put together, and I can only imagine how frustrating it must have been for her to be nominated for an Oscar but only able to read articles with headlines like "who the hell is going to dress Gabby Sidibe for the red carpet?!" Sidibe is not a trained actor and Precious was her first role, yet she has handled the immense (and often negative) media attention like a pro, managing to maintain the air of a genuinely nice person at the same time. Personally, I think she is super-talented, absolutely gorgeous and seriously inspirational.
Kate Winslet
I love Kate Winslet as an actress — she plays the female lead in what is possibly my all-time favourite film, and has also portrayed one of my all-time favourite literary characters. However, I also love her for her tireless campaigning for women — Winslet is one of very, very few Hollywood actresses prepared to speak out about the damaging beauty standard perpetuated by her profession. She is a very vocal supporter of eating disorder charities, has spoken out on numerous occasions about the airbrushing and retouching of actresses and models in the media, and speaks regularly in interviews about her disdain for beauty and fashion magazines and their direct negative impact on the self-esteem of women and girls. And even if this stuff isn't something that bugs you, you have to admit… she's a great actress.
Melissa McEwan
Melissa McEwan is the founder of my all-time favourite blog Shakesville, founded in 2004 as Shakespeare's Sister. I won't say too much about Melissa herself, because she's only one of a small but hardworking group of contributors and a much wider and even more vocal group of commenters who keep Shakesville going, and who keep it awesome. But I've picked her out in particular because it's usually her posts, thoughts and comments that particularly chime with me. Shakesville has fundamentally changed the way I look at myself, other women, men, the media and politics. Here's a little more about it, from their "About" page:
Shakesville is a feminist blog, and a feminist's blog. It is a progressive blog. It is a safe space. It is a community. It is a blog whose contributors are resolved to be willing to self-examine and learn, and whose community members are expected to do the same. Forward movement, progress, on cultural, political, and individual levels is woven into the fabric of Shakesville. Our key objectives are equality, liberty, and justice for all, empathy, self-awareness, growth, momentum, compassion, and laughter. We blog about domestic politics, foreign policy, high culture, pop culture, books, film, telly, food, the patriarchy, oppression, repression, religion, philosophy, parenting, not parenting, marriage, cats, why women's trousers have so many buttons, and anything else that we feel like discussing. With photos. Many of them doctored for maximum hilarity. All are invited. Whether you are welcome is up to you.
Naturally, this is only a tiny selection of the women who inspire or have inspired me at some point in my life. If I listed them all here, this post would never end, so I'll sign off at that — though not until I mention a few other supremely inspiring women in my life. My late grandmother, Pauline Annie, whose loud, proud, rude, crude Northern voice is forever in my head; my mother — likewise, only without the 'rude, crude' part; my awesome colleague Lorna, one of the coolest teachers and most fabulous ladies I have ever had the pleasure to meet; and finally my baby sister, whose International Women's Day 2011 film (below) is only the tiniest tip of the iceberg of her talents. NOW GO CELEBRATE THE WOMEN IN YOUR LIFE. They're amazing.
Tags: advice for young writers, emmeline pankhurst, feminism, gabourey sidibe, international women's day, international women's day 2011, kate winslet, margaret atwood, melissa mcewan, publishing, resources for young writers, shakesville, women, young poets


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The school experiences of students with disabilities can be positively or negatively influenced by the attitudes and behaviors of students and staff and by general school policies. School counselors can take the lead in assessing school climate in relation to students with disabilities and initiating interventions or advocating for change when appropriate. This article provides an overview of factors to consider in creating positive school experiences for students with disabilities and suggestions for intervention efforts.
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Can you match ribbons to causes they represent?
Published On: Sep 23 2011 01:19:43 PM CDT Updated On: May 23 2014 03:10:29 PM CDT
Ribbons have become so synonymous with raising awareness that seeing a ribbon pinned to someone's lapel no longer prompts questions about what the ribbon is for, but rather what its color represents. See how many causes you can match with their ribbons.


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no, just played a *beep* horrible team, that's all.
To prove even more that Mike D is an epic fail of a coach, check out these stats:
In his first game as a Knick coach, Mike Woodson's Knicks beat Portland by 42 points, which was the highest point differential by any coach in his first game...in NBA HISTORY.
And the person in 2nd place behind Woodson was Alvin Gentry who took over for Mike D for the Phoenix Suns.
Coincidence that the two coaches to take over for Mike D have the best point differential in NBA History in the their first games as coaches???
Seems like players really wake up and play better once they realize Mike D is gone!
"The Knicks are back" - Amare
I actually appreciate the fact that it was D'Antoni who initiated his exit by talking to Grunwald. Shows that the guy is a class act, unfortunately a lot of Knicks fans ain't which annoys me at times.
It's not only the coach, but also booing teenagers on draft night like Gallo, Balkman, I think even Shump was booed by our own? Ridiculous and and embarrassing.
Actually it is meaningful, you can't ignore 42 points. I'd say the same if we won by 10 or 20 but 42? That breeds confidence, trust and chemistry in the team and those are 3 very important things going forward.
You really should just make a "hate someone that no longer is part of the organization thread".
They blew them out under Dantonio's offsense,,,,,,,,,,YES GLAD HE IS GONE...
But now get ready to watch an offensive scheme thats like watching paint dry...
Joe Carmelo Johnson Anthony
but as long as we play D and everyone hustles I will always take a win
so its not coincidence then?
"The Knicks are back" - Amare
seriously? hes gone and its still bash MDA?
dude Portland is utter Garbage!!!
that's y they just dismantled their roster and fired their coach. I've been watching basketball for many years and i have never seen a team that looked good at the start of the season just fall apart.
Very LINteresting. Let's see if Mike Woodson can get Atari Whackmire and Car-JELLO CANThony to play well. I think he can, given that he helped Joe Johnson play to his strengths with the Hawks.
Jeremon Linbury
Actually...I think it IS just coincidence.
@ClydeFacts "When one of his ladys asked clyde why he doesnt text he said if you dont get the message by now a phone aint gonna help." Except for Kate. Wobble Wobble!


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On the sixth day of Joe's Mildly Entertaining Egg Hunt, another riddle contains clues to the location of an imaginary egg:
When friendly faces don't appear,
You lose your balance (and your cheer)
In this place of movie gilt —
The house that Article 15 built.
Your precious disks can slip away
Where we hid the egg today.
Solve all 10 riddles. After the last one is published on Tuesday, send your guesses — by 9 p.m. that day — to jblundo @dispatch.com. Include your name, address, age and daytime phone number.


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Beyond the fenceMay 08,2013The opponents of immigration reform have many small complaints, but they really have one core concern. Its about control. America doesnt control its borders. Past reform efforts have not established control. Current proposals wouldnt establish effective control.
But the opponents rarely say what exactly it is they are trying to control. They talk about border security and various mechanisms to achieve that, but they rarely go into detail about what we should be so vigilant about restricting. I thought I would spell it out.
First, immigration opponents are effectively trying to restrict the flow of conservatives into this country. In survey after survey, immigrants are found to have more traditional ideas about family structure and community than comparable Americans. They have lower incarceration rates. They place higher emphasis on career success. They have stronger work ethics. Immigrants go into poor neighborhoods and infuse them with traditional values.
When immigrant areas go bad, its not because they have infected America with bad values. Its because America has infected them with bad values already present. So the first thing conservative opponents of reform are trying to restrict is social conservatism.
Second, immigration opponents are trying to restrict assimilation. The evidence about this is clear, too. Current immigrants enter this country because they want to realize the same dreams that inspired past waves. Study after study shows current Hispanic immigrants are picking up English at an impressive clip, roughly as quickly as earlier immigrant groups. They are making steady gains in homeownership rates, job status and social identity.
By second generation, according to a Pew Research Center study released this year, 61 percent of immigrants think of themselves as typical Americans.
Third, immigration opponents are trying to restrict love affairs. Far from segregating themselves into their own alien subculture, todays immigrant groups seem eager to marry into mainstream American society. Among all newlyweds in 2010, 9 percent of whites married outside of their racial or ethnic group, as did 17 percent of blacks. But an astonishing 26 percent of Hispanics and 28 percent of Asians married outside their groups. They are blending into America in the most intimate way.
Fourth, immigration opponents are trying to restrict social mobility. Generation after generation, the children of immigrants are gradually better educated and more affluent than their parents.
A few years ago, the great political scientist Samuel Huntington asserted that Hispanic immigrants were not succeeding as previous immigrants had. James P. Smith of the RAND Corp. conducted the most prominent investigation into this claim and concluded: The concern that educational generational progress among Latino immigrants has lagged behind other immigrant groups is largely unfounded.
Some intelligent skeptics say that mobility is fine through the second generation but stalls by the third. It is indeed harder to rise in a more chaotic and fragmented society. But one of the countrys leading immigration researchers, Richard Alba of the City University of New York, calls the third generation stall a statistical illusion.
Much of the research that shows the effect compares todays third-generation immigrants with todays second-generation group. But the third-generation families originally came to the U.S. decades ago, at a time when segregation was prevalent, discrimination was high and immigrants were harshly treated. Youd expect those families to progress more slowly than families that came to more welcoming conditions a generation later.
Fifth, immigration opponents are trying to restrict skills. Current reform proposals would increase high-skill immigration. Opponents of reform are trying to restrict an infusion of people most likely to start businesses and invent things.
Alba points out that, over the next decades, the retirement of the baby-boomer generation will open up a large number of positions, especially atop the labor force. He points out that the fastest-growing ethnic groups are already rising to fill these slots. Whites occupy 80 percent of the top-paying jobs among older workers. But, among younger workers, whites occupy only 67 percent of the top jobs. The workforce is already more diverse the younger you go.
Finally, opponents of reform are trying to hold back the inevitable. Whether immigration reform passes or not, the United States is going to become a much more cosmopolitan country than it is now. The country will look more like the faces you see at college commencement exercises and less like the faces you see in senior citizen homes.
One crucial question is whether America will be better off in that future with todays dysfunctional immigration laws or something else? Another interesting question is whether a major political party is going to consign itself to permanent irrelevance. If conservatives defeat immigration reform, the Republicans will definitely lose control of one thing for years to come: political power.
David Brooks is a columnist for The New York Times.MORE IN CommentarySure, you can buy your uncle a necktie that he wont wear, or your niece an Amazon certificate... Full StoryA lot of serious long-term national issues simply werent addressed in the recent national election. Full StoryI have written on the anomaly of the separation of the private and public sectors in our society,... Full Story
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Spring Fling
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A nice way to explore the nature around Dominical and in your own way is hiking. Nearby Dominical there are numerous hiking trails where you can enjoy the rainforest and wildlife and end your day relaxing in our hotel resort.
The full hike to Chirripó will take a whole day. It is possible to climb to Mount Chirripo, as a trail leads to the summit.
This trail is 16-km (10 mi) long and easy to follow. It does not require technical climbing ability but requires reasonable fitness.
This place is great for short walks. Here you can see a large number of animal species and variety of birds, especially in the morning.
Nature Trails in the Hacienda Barú National Wildlife Refuge – The nature trails at Hacienda Barú passes through a wide variety of habitats including primary forest, secondary forest, swamp forest, wetlands, pastures and tree plantations.
This is a short walk along the Barú river about 4 miles away.
Especially when you go jogging in the mornings or evenings when the weather is not that hot, you can see a lot of vegetation and some birds.


text:
Gov. upset at questions about land deal
MONTPELIER Miffed by a persistent line of questioning over a recent land deal, Gov. Peter Shumlin departed abruptly from a Thursday afternoon news conference after defending a real estate transaction in which he acquired a 27-acre parcel for considerably less than its market value.
A tract of East Montpelier farmland Shumlin purchased in June for $35,000 has since been valued by town listers at nearly double that amount. In a story that appeared in Wednesdays Rutland Herald, the Democratic governor said he negotiated the sale price based on the per-acre value of a larger lot from which his parcel was subdivided. The private appraisal on which that value was based was commissioned by the sellers, he said.
During Thursdays news conference, Shumlin said he absolutely got a better deal than he would have if the tract had been sold as a stand-alone lot on the open market. Shumlin is building a 2,200-square-foot home on the property.
Thursday he expounded on the reasons he was able to cut such an advantageous deal.
Shumlin said he initially wanted to buy the entire farm of approximately 182 acres off a rural back road and negotiated a purchase-and-sale agreement with the sellers, John and Ellen Riley, in anticipation of doing so.
When he showed his find to close friends visiting from out of state, Shumlin said, they were immediately taken with the farm.
Very close friends of mine who were looking for a farm for a long time came up and looked at it and said, This is a dream for us. This is the farm weve been looking for, Shumlin said.
He said they pointed out to him that they would be able to enjoy the farm forever, whereas he would be departing for his home in Putney when he was through being governor.
And I thought that was a reasonable point, because Im here at the whim of the voters and when the voters are done with me, Ill return to southern Vermont, where I live, Shumlin said. So they suggested that they buy the farm from me, take the purchase-and-sale agreement, and peel off a small piece of land and sell it to me, at a reasonable price, and thats how we got where we are.
Shumlin said he did them a favor by agreeing to void the purchase-and-sale agreement, and that they returned that favor by giving him the land at a price below what they would have been able to fetch on the market.
We were both given gifts, Shumlin said. I chose not to buy the farm that I was planning to buy, at their pleading, and they sold me a piece of land at a very fair and reasonable rate. We all won.
Shumlin paid $35,000 for his parcel; his friends paid $630,000 for the remaining 154 acres, which included a farmhouse and other buildings.
Shumlin said everything about the deal was above-board.
Theres nothing dishonest, theres nothing to dig up, he said. Unless youre writing for The New York Post, I cant imagine what youre digging for.
Asked about the identity of the friends with whom he brokered the transaction, Shumlin said he was unwilling to discuss his private relationships.
Shumlin and his friends each purchased their respective portions of the property through limited-liability corporations formed in June, shortly before they finalized the sale.
According to an LLC database at the secretary of states office, Shumlins friends are David M. and Patrice Cromwell, of Lutherville-Timonium, Md., and Thomas A. and Christianne Hagemann, of Houston.
David Cromwell is a gastroenterologist, and Patrice Cromwell is on the senior leadership team at the Annie E. Casey Foundation. Thomas Hagemann is a partner at the law firm Gardere, where he specializes in white-collar criminal defense. Christianne Mays Hagemann is a TV and film actress whose credits include Cottonmouth, Sons of Thunder and Opposites Attract. She also played a nurse on the series thirtysomething.
Each of the four has contributed $1,000 to Shumlins re-election campaign.
The 40-minute news conference departed for a few minutes from Shumlins land buy, then returned to the subject when reporters inquired about why he formed a limited liability corporation through which to conduct the transaction.
A Shumlin campaign official said this week the governor forms LLCs for all his property transactions as a means of protecting his other assets from any future claims against the property.
Shumlin on Thursday said he already answered questions about why he uses LLCs.
Youll find thats common for people who have a real estate business, said Shumlin, who owns 17 properties, including many rental units. Youre going to criticize me now for forming an LLC with the rest of Vermont and America? Im just wondering what youre digging for.
Visibly peeved by the land-related questions, Shumlin abruptly walked away from the podium and left the room.
peter.hirschfeld @rutlandherald.comMORE IN Vermont NewsMONTPELIER Rep. Peter Welch, D-Vt. Full StoryVermont Attorney General Bill Sorrell plans to join the U.S. Full StoryAs Rutland prepares to welcome Syrian refugees to its community, some are continuing to voice... Full Story
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"Listening to your programs, I have learned a lot about apologetics and have enjoyed playing broadcasts for my youth group, friends, and family who are looking for answers. Your ministry is invaluable. I hope to continue as a Radio Club member forever."
~ Sean, Highland, NY
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"I am come here to die, being a Catholic, a priest, and a religious man, belonging to the Order of St. Benedict; it was by this same order that England was converted."
~ Mark Barkworth, convert, priest, martyr, Venerable; in comments to the crowd just before he was drawn and quartered at Tyburn on the first Tuesday of Lent, 1601.


text: A member of the B-vitamin family, biotin is also known as "the beauty nutrient" due to its effectiveness in hair, skin and nail health. Biotin supplements are also helpful on the inside by metabolizing carbohydrates, fats and proteins as well as delivering energy throughout the body. Healthy food sources of this valuable vitamin include oatmeal, bananas, sunflower seeds, eggs and mushrooms. While most biotin supplements come in a 5 mg dose, higher potency formulas such as Timed-Release Biotin are available. Check out the customer reviews in the products below to learn more about biotin.


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Unsupported Browser Detected
The Lenovo Support website supports Microsoft Internet Explorer 10+, Mozilla Firefox 29+, Chrome 34+ and any other modern web browser.
This Tip contains the methodology to recover ThinkPad Tablet 2 (32GB HDD models only) with Lenovo supplied USB Recovery Key.
The above symptom is associated with, but not limited to, the following systems:
This document supersedes the recovery information provided in the "Recovery Overview" in Chapter 8 of the ThinkPad Tablet 2 User Guide for 32GB HDD models only.
Using a USB recovery key provided by Lenovo (32GB HDD models only):
NOTE: The Thinkpad Tablet 2 models that have only 32GB of storage do not contain a recovery partition, therefore use of the Lenovo supplied reload media is the only way to recover the operating system. The standard Windows 8 recovery methods, which are applicable to the 64GB models, do not apply to the 32GB models. The required Recovery Partition is not present on the 32GB models due to hard drive size constraints. If the recovery is attempted via Recovery Partition, then errors will result and the system will not recover properly.Similarly, the steps outlined in Lenovo document below do not apply as the required partition mentioned in Step 4 does not exist.
ThinkPad Tablet 2 models that ship standard, with 64GB of system storage, use the standard Lenovo DVD recovery to reload the Lenovo Microsoft Windows 8 preload.
For more information, refer to the "Recovery Overview" in Chapter 8 of the ThinkPad Tablet 2 User Guide located at the following URL:
Lenovo, ThinkCentre, ThinkStation, and ThinkPad are trademarks of the Lenovo Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both.
Microsoft, Windows, and the Windows logo are trademarks, or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.


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text:
Media Release:
Breastfeeding Provides Food Security
PRAssociate at llli.org (847) 519-7730, Ext. 217.
Press Release for your local media
(Schaumburg, IL, USA) (December 2008) La Leche League International wants to reassure families who are concerned that formula in the United States may be tainted by the chemical melamine or who are struggling to afford formula during poor economic times that relactation is possible.
La Leche League International (LLLI) suggests that mothers with infants who are being given formula consider relactating to avoid possible exposure to tainted formula, improperly prepared formula and to protect their ability to nourish infants in case of disaster.
Relactation can be accomplished even when little or no breastfeeding has occurred. It does require determination from and support for the mother. LLLI offers a variety of resources for women who would like to relactate. Relactation can be established even several months after birth or by mothers who adopt.
Improperly prepared formula can cause water intoxication in infants which can cause death. Parents who add too much water to formula to stretch their food budget harm their children. Money spent on formula can instead be used for food for the rest of the family. There are indications that the chemical melamine has been found in several brands of infant formula. Melamine is a chemical meant to be used as a binding agent and is also an ingredient in fertilizer. Melamine artificially increases the protein profile of milk and can cause kidney diseases and death. It is unclear what the status is of various infant foods in the United States, but several consumer groups have called for an investigation.
Although health professionals around the world advise breastfeeding as the best choice, mothers who choose to feed formula to their babies often do so believing that they are providing the best for their children. Marketing messages from formula manufacturers promote the belief that formula is equal or superior to human milk. These marketing tactics are prevalent even in developing countries where it is often difficult to properly purchase, prepare and store human milk substitutes. Beliefs in the superiority of human milk substitutes can become pervasive, resulting in mothers finding little or no support for their desire to breastfeed.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than one million children die every year because they are not breastfed. WHO estimates that no more than 40% of infants worldwide are exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life. A cornerstone of WHO's and UNICEF's Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding is the aim that babies be exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life. After six months, it is recommended that breastfeeding be continued along with the introduction of locally available foods. For the first year of life and beyond, human milk provides nutrition and protects infants from disease. Research has demonstrated that the nutritional value of breastmilk, specifically the fat and energy content, continues well beyond the first year. There are many reasons that women choose not to breastfeed, including some medical conditions which are contraindications to breastfeeding. However, in the absence of such contraindications, providing women with information and support to be able to breastfeed is important.
Pregnant mothers need to know that while breastfeeding is natural, it is a learned behavior. Although many mothers and babies begin breastfeeding and continue on with no problems, this is not always the case. Mothers can find information to help them with their difficulties by contacting a La Leche League Leader or attending a La Leche League meeting.
Women in both affluent and developing countries need to have information and support to breastfeed their babies. Since 1956, LLLI has been offering this information and support. Mother-to-mother support groups now exist in almost 70 countries. The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding, published by LLLI, has sold over two million copies. LLLI's web site reaches millions of women a year. For more information about breastfeeding or to locate a support group in your area, visit the LLLI web site at www.llli.org. The breastfeeding community throughout the United States has access to a 24 hour toll free helpline service by calling 1-877-4-LALECHE (1-877-452-5324).


text:
Vanilla Dee-lite
Light vanilla and kiwi lotion for soft skin
Our decadently soothing, creamily smoothing vanilla-scented lotion is one of our lighter moisturizers, but no less effective. It's made with the perfect recipe of organic coconut water, coconut oil, illipe butter and hibiscus infusion to hydrate the skin and keep it soft, but feeling light and fresh. Vitamin-packed fresh kiwis are blended into our vanilla-scented cream base to aid skin and help it recover from exposure to the elements. Oh, and it has our famous Vanillary fragrance too, to keep your skin smelling sweet, as well as supple. Deeliteful!
VeganThis product does not contain animal products of any kind.
Fresh ingredients
Natural ingredients
Safe synthetics


text:
Into Africa: The Epic Adventures of Stanley and Livingstone
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You must be logged into Bookshare to access this title. Learn about membership options, or view our freely available titles.
- Brief Synopsis:
- American adventurer and adventure writer Dugard tells how British explorer David Livingstone (1813-73) sought the source of the Nile in the 1860s and 1870s, and how American reporter Henry M. Stanley went looking for him when he had been gone some time longer than expected. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc. , Portland, OR (booknews. com)
- Long Synopsis:
- Book Quality:
- Publisher Quality
- 9780385504522
- Publisher:
- Knopf
- Date of Addition:
- 11/14/10
- Copyright Date:
- 2003
- Copyrighted By:
- Martin Dugard
- Adult content:
- No
- Language:
- English
- Categories:
- Biographies and Memoirs, History, Nonfiction
- Submitted By:
- Bookshare Staff
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text:
Rome wasn't built by accident, and Hitler didn't decide to invade Poland on the flip of a coin. Society is shaped by powerful men with a vision, for better or worse.
Well, mostly. As it turns out, some of the most important changes in pop culture and world history have turned on some guy shrugging and saying, "screw it."
5The Mayflower Lands at Plymouth Rock for a Beer Run
Everyone knows the Pilgrims settled in Plymouth because they were searching for a place that would let them practice religious freedom (and that wasn't the Netherlands). What's stupid or arbitrary about that?
The Arbitrary Reason:
Actually, it was about beer. The pilgrims weren't even supposed to go to Massachusetts, they were set to settle in what is now the state of New York, at the mouth of the Hudson River. That was the plan all along, and that's where they would have landed - if they hadn't run out of beer.
"It's not beer, it's just a rock!"
The more standard story is that the bad weather made navigation almost impossible and people were getting sick, so they had to stop somewhere. They began searching for a suitable place to settle. However, it was the fact that they were running out of provisions--especially beer--that finally made them realize they couldn't be picky. And as anyone who's lived in New England can tell you, the only way you can voluntarily choose to settle there is if you're not picky about climate, or really anything else.
"We could not take time for further search or consideration,
our victuals being much spent, especially our beer" -The First Goddamn Americans (1622)
Since beer was boiled, it was cleaner than what passed for regular water at the time and therefore safer to drink (especially during long trips). So, if the beer in the Mayflower hadn't been running low at the time they were passing near Plymouth, they almost definitely would have continued their trip further down south, as close to the Hudson River as they could make it.
Of course, once they had settled on land and found perfectly drinkable water there, they didn't really need beer... which didn't stop them from fighting over the beer that remained, and sending the first ship back to England with an order for plenty more.
The World-Changing Consequences:
Plymouth Colony became the oldest permanent English settlement in America, and their search for ideological freedom remained an important theme all through the history of the United States.
As did their obsession with beer.
The Pilgrims are responsible for much of American folklore, starting with Thanksgiving. Speaking of which, if the Pilgrims had run out of beer anywhere besides Plymouth, there's a good chance they would have been screwed. The Native Americans they happened to befriend (Pilgrim for "stealing their corn") at Plymouth had a guy who spoke English, and were friendly enough to teach them how to survive in that area. Without that stroke of good luck, the Colony doesn't survive that first winter.
In other words, if the murmurs of "keg's tapped" and "this party's lame" had started a few miles down the coast, none of us would be here right now.
4Woody Allen Reinvents Cinema By Accident
The film Annie Hall didn't just transform Woody Allen's career: It transformed the world of cinema by reinventing the romantic comedy genre and using a widely imitated style of non-linear narrative (we're looking at you, Tarantino). It also transformed Star Wars fans into raging maniacs by getting the Best Picture Oscar instead of Episode IV.
With Annie Hall, Woody Allen made a conscious decision to leave behind the wacky genre spoofs he was known for and become a respected filmmaker...
The Arbitrary Reasons:
Well, actually, Annie Hall was supposed to be a wacky genre spoof, too. In fact, it was even shot that way. The story was conceived as a murder mystery that happened to have a romantic subplot, but upon viewing the four hours of footage, the editor thought it sucked.
That's right, it was the editor, not Woody Allen, who decided to change the whole thing. The guy convinced Allen to scrap the entire murder mystery plot and focus on the romantic aspect instead. Suddenly Diane Keaton's character went from a quirky supporting player (similar to her role in Woody's previous films) to the most important part of the film.
But hold on a second, you can't just cut the main plot out of a film, can you? Wouldn't that leave the story a little disjointed? Sure it did, which accounts for the influential non-linear narrative we were talking about earlier. The script already involved extensive flashback sequences, so all they had to do was jumble the order of the scenes set in the present and call it "experimental."
It worked surprisingly well, mainly thanks to the stream of consciousness narration Allen and the editor added to the final cut.
The World-Changing Consequences:
First of all, there's the whole "creating a new film genre" thing. Romantic comedies had been practically non-existent in Hollywood since the early 60s. Like musicals, they were deemed too silly for modern audiences. Annie Hall accidentally made them cool again. There was enough neurosis left over from the murder mystery spoof, and since Allen didn't know he was making a romantic comedy, the guy didn't get the girl in the end, which was the guaranteed outcome in romantic comedies up to that point. The basic formula of Annie Hall was ripped off by When Harry Met Sally, and then When Harry Met Sally was ripped off by every single romantic comedy made since then.
Then there's the non-linear thing. No mainstream film was so blatantly disjointed as Annie Hall, and the fact that it did so well proved that wide audiences could go for a thing like that. Modern films like Memento, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, (500) Days of Summer and Everything Tarantino Has Ever Done only exist because Woody Allen shot a film that was too terrible to edit.


text:
Europe's better bond market
Europe's bond markets are healing.
The most obvious sign of that is the rally in Irish, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese and even Greek bonds that has been under way for more than 18 months now. But equally important for investors is that eurozone markets are getting back to something approaching business as normal.
Ireland provided the latest example of this process Monday, announcing that it would sell €1 billion ($1.39 billion) of 10-year bonds at auction Thursday, rather than hiring a syndicate of banks to help sell the debt. The auction—Ireland's first since late 2010—is an important signal of confidence. Syndications allow for more flexibility and can involve an active drumming-up of demand for paper by bankers; auctions, more passive and announced in advance, run the risk of being disrupted by market volatility. But Ireland should have little to fear: Europe's bond markets are proving resilient to shocks. Portugal is also working on resuming auctions later this year.
Meanwhile, market conditions are improving. In Italy, the difference between bid and offer prices for five-year bonds—a proxy for liquidity—has narrowed to levels not seen since late 2009, according to data compiled by Barclays, although it remains wider than pre-crisis levels.
Prices are no longer swinging so wildly. In 2011, there were 59 days when Italian 10-year yields rose or fell by 0.1 percentage point or more, according to FactSet data. Those are big moves in the normally staid world of government bonds. But the past six months has only seen five such days. And the correlation between 10-year Italian and German yields has returned to positive territory, Citigroup notes. That means Italian bonds are behaving much more like safe-haven assets.
Finally, credit ratings have moved out of the danger zone. The biggest reversal has been at Moody's: as of January 2013, only two eurozone countries—Finland and Estonia—had stable ratings, with 14 labouring under negative outlooks and Greece not even qualifying for an outlook. Now only two countries—France and Cyprus—have negative outlooks.
These indicators may be less obvious than headline yields. But for investors they are no less important: low volatility and good liquidity are key attributes of government bonds, as are stable credit ratings. The healing of Europe's bond market is more than skin-deep.
-- Write to Richard Barley at firstname.lastname@example.com
This article was first published by The Wall Street Journal


text:
"Your radio show changed my life. As a result of listening, I converted to Catholicism at 53 years old. I was a very active Protestant my whole life before becoming a Catholic. Keep up the terrific work!"
"Behold, for a thousand years the pictures of your forefathers holding rosaries in their hands have stood in this church."


text:
Ethics Concentration
Requirements for the Ethics Concentration come in three areas: coursework, co-curricular application and a written portfolio. In most cases, the courses taken to satisfy the requirements for the concentration will also satisfy general education requirements. Students must maintain a 'B' average in the courses taken to acquire the concentration.
For the Ethics Concentration you will need 12 credit hours from the following:
Required Courses (6 credit hours):
PHL 110 Ethics (Core: Religion & Ethics)
Plus, choose one of the following:
PHL 210 Professional Ethics (Core: Humanities)
REL 115 Christian Ethics (Core: Religion & Ethics)
REL 125 Religious Ethics (Core: Religion & Ethics)
REL 225 Urban Ethics & Religion Ethics (Core: Humanities/Religion & Ethics)
Two additional upper level courses (could be Leadership, Ethics and Values or Intercultural ACR) that include significant and justifiable leadership, ethics or values content. Courses must be approved by the LEV minors and concentrations advisor.
One Application: Approved applied experience (previous experiences have included serving as a resident assistant or student mentor, internships, independent study research, etc.)
Note: Students are encouraged to propose additional applications to satisfy this component of the Ethics Concentration to the Director of the Leadership, Ethics and Values Program.
For students who began the concentration prior to Fall 2013
Completion of Written Portfolio: All of the following must be completed.
- Written responses to two "ethics designated" cultural events not to exceed 2 pages each.
- Evidence of participation in two annual ethics concentration colloquia. College Scholars may participate in two honors colloquia when approved by the Director of Leadership, Ethics& Values Program.
- Copies of major written work submitted in all ethics concentration required courses.
- A concluding/capstone personal statement not to exceed 3 pages.
- A resume.
- Completion of all requirements for either a North Central College B.S. or B.A. degree.
For students who begin the concentration Fall 2013 or later
Ethics Portfolio (online)
Using an online platform of your choosing (suggested tools are google documents blog tool or wordpress), students are required to complete an ethics portfolio that includes an introductory statement, several written reflections, copies of written work and a professional resume'. For an example of an online portfolio click here.
Click here to declare a concentration in Ethics.
The Ethics Concentration Advising Sheet, attached to the bottom of this web-page in .pdf format, will provide an overview of the concentration requirements. This sheet can be used by students to help track their progress or by advisors to assist students as they track their progress.
For questions please contact email@example.com
Kate Schmidt '09
Life is a continuous flow of experiences, and with each experience come a whole host of decisions one needs to make. The Ethics Concentration at North Central College has developed in me the skills and abilities to make those decisions. As I graduate with a degree in Sociology I am prepared to serve either in the Peace Corp or with Teach for America. I know what I value. I value helping others.


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From:Peter: San Marcos, CA


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The Favored Few
Just how democratic is LA County's quasi-feudal form of government?
By Kevin Uhrich 11/29/2012
With a popular and progressive but negligent and unaccountable sheriff managing a department currently under federal investigation for allegedly operating one of the most corrupt and sadistic jail systems in the country, and a county tax assessor currently sitting in one of those jail cells, facing two-dozen felony corruption charges for allegedly taking bribes, now seems like an opportune time to ask why these two jobs remain elected positions in Los Angeles County.
In the case of the assessor, chosen by the people since LA County was formed in 1850, the same year California was admitted into the Union, the question of whether that should become an appointed position was placed on the Nov. 6 ballot in the form of Measure A, a nonbinding advisory proposition that ultimately lost by 77.8 percent of the vote. Even the unfolding scandal involving current LA County Assessor John Noguez — who remains behind bars after pleading innocent to allegedly accepting $185,000 in bribes from a campaign contributor in exchange for huge property tax refunds from the county — was not enough to sway the electorate to begin the process of changing the current system.
In Noguez's absence, the Board of Supervisors has appointed Santos Kreimann to serve as acting assessor until the elected assessor is cleared or convicted.
The Sheriff's Department has also been headed by an elected leader for the past 162 years, a position that, like that of the assessor, was written into the state Constitution two years before the Board of Supervisors was even seated. Although there have been many calls over the years to change that job to an appointed post, nothing has ever come of them.
If anything — as head of Homeland Security in Los Angeles and Orange counties, manager of the nation's largest jail system and provider of police services for 42 cities, 130 unincorporated communities, 10 community colleges and, most recently, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority — Sheriff Lee Baca has only become more powerful, heading a 16,000-employee law enforcement agency with vastly more responsibilities and powers than when he first took office.
Up in the air
In LA County, three top administrators are elected by the people: the district attorney, the assessor and the sheriff. The closest the county has come in modern times to having an appointed sheriff was in 1998, following the death of former Sheriff Sherman Block, Baca's mentor.
Block joined the department in 1956 and, like Baca, worked his way up through the ranks. He came to the job as did practically all of the others before him: handpicked by his predecessor (in Block's case, Peter Pitchess, sheriff from 1959 to 1982) and backed by the all-white, all-male county Board of Supervisors.
In 1998, six years after the Los Angeles Riots, the reform-resistant Block ran for a fifth term but died a few weeks before the election at age 74. Nonetheless, his name remained on the ballot and Baca's political enemies asked the Board of Supervisors to formally support the dead sheriff. That way, if Block had won, the five supervisors, some of whom did not embrace Baca as part of "the club," could have chosen his replacement, at least temporarily, until another election could be held. Baca, however, went on to win easily, getting 61.3 percent of the 1.8 million votes cast in that race. With the win he became the county's first American Latino sheriff since the 1800s (Eugene Biscailuz, who served as sheriff from 1932 to 1958, was French and Basque) and the first sheriff ever not pre-selected by his predecessor and the powers that be.
To his credit, this moderate Republican in a nonpartisan position, now in the middle of a fourth term, publicly says many encouraging things and frequently speaks out for more funding to better deal with the growing numbers of the homeless and mentally ill people finding their way into overcrowded county lockups.
Under the heading "Our Core Values" on the sheriff's Web site, Baca writes: "As a leader in the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, I commit myself to honorably perform my duties with respect for the dignity of all people, integrity to do right and fight wrongs, wisdom to apply common sense and fairness in all I do and courage to stand against racism, sexism, anti-Semitism, homophobia and bigotry in all its forms."
But, while hitting all the politically correct notes, in reality, Baca has come under fire for being soft on celebrities like Mel Gibson and Paris Hilton and for admittedly turning a blind eye to deputy abuse of county jail inmates — including the mentally ill — and allowing a culture of corruption and virtual gangsterism to flourish within the massive department's ranks.
In a recent searing review of the sheriff's performance regarding the jails, the Citizens' Committee on Jail Violence, a nonpartisan group of ex-judges, law enforcement experts and activists appointed by the Board of Supervisors, found that the sheriff ultimately bears responsibility for all the bad things going on in the jails and the rest of the department. A "failure of leadership" is how the commission put it.
Ever the politician, and one clearly with an eye on a fifth term in 2014, Baca did the politically expeditious thing by thanking commission members for all their hard work, immediately agreeing with most of the findings and publicly vowing to initiate nearly all of the dozens of recommended reforms. Unlike his predecessor, who essentially ignored proposals for reform made by the Kolts Commission formed after the 1991 beating of Rodney King by police, Baca at least seems receptive to the concept of change. After all, it's not as if he has been oblivious to calls for reform. During his time in office, Baca started the Office of Independent Review (OIR), a group of six attorneys which examines department policies and procedures in use-of-force and deputy-involved shootings and makes recommendations for improvement. But it remains to be seen whether any real change will occur as a result of the citizens' commission's recommendations.
Then again, Baca — who grew up in hardscrabble East LA, worked his way up through school and department ranks and now holds a PhD in public administration from USC — could have very well told the Board of Supervisors, and the commissioners, for that matter, to go to pound sand, putting his faith in a supportive if uninformed electorate to keep him in office. For the time being, the sheriff appears unprepared to go that route.
But to that end, Baca seemed to think it was necessary to remind the commissioners of potential alternative reactions to their findings. At one point during that panel's public hearings earlier this year, the sheriff defiantly testified that only "the people" can kick him out of office for unsatisfactory performance. And that doesn't seem likely, considering he ran unopposed in the 2010 election. When asked in testimony before the commissioners how he should be held accountable for the problems in the jails, Baca, according to a story appearing in the Los Angeles Times, said simply, "Don't elect me."
Conflicting opinions
Chances are most people don't realize just how much power they are investing in the person occupying the position of sheriff. If LA County were a country — at 9.8 million people, it is nearly as populous as Greece or the Czech Republic — Baca, head of the largest paramilitary force in the United States, would be the equivalent of an army commander, an elected general, a notion contrary to ideals of civilian democratic rule.
As awesome as that power may sound, however, these duties are not really that dissimilar to sheriffs of the early years, going back to the ninth century. Back then, the serfs, or citizens of "shires," or towns in feudal England, chose a "reeve," or guardian appointed by the king to protect the people as well as the royal investments by settling disputes, collecting taxes and punishing those who didn't pay up. Hence, the terms "shire" and "reeve" were eventually combined to create the word "sheriff," according to a brief history by Sheriff Roger Scott of DeKalb County, Ill., writing in "Roots: An Historical Perspective of the Office of Sheriff" at sheriffs.org. But make no mistake: The sheriff really worked for the king, not always the people. Today, of the country's 3,083 sheriffs, roughly 98 percent are elected, Scott wrote.
Similar questions about the roles of what amount to bureaucratic heads of mission-specific county departments, like the sheriff's, have also been raised in the tax profession over the years. Tax assessors — holding an office that originated in England and found its way to the American colonies in the late 1700s — are as ubiquitous as elected sheriffs. "From England, the 13 American colonies inherited the same scheme of organization and principles: Voters had to be landowners, and personal property, such as household goods and vehicles, wagons in those days, was taxed. The tax man," according to a history of the job by the Harris County (Texas) Tax Assessor's Office, "whether sheriff or tax collector, kept the records and collected" the money, states the report found at hctax.net/forms/TaxOfficeHistory.pdf.
In some American counties, the roles of sheriff and assessor have been historically interchangeable. In Josephine County Ore., for instance, the office of assessor was created in 1844 by the would-be state's provisional government. The following year, the Legislative Assembly decreed that assessments were to be made by the sheriff. Five years later — just nine years prior to Oregon's statehood — the assessor was authorized to make assessments and the sheriff was authorized to collect taxes. It wasn't until 1970 that all that changed, according to Josephine County Online, and responsibility for collecting taxes shifted to the assessor, treasurer or tax collector. But even today, states the Harris County report, "the sheriff is the tax collector in many small Texas counties."
In the last general election, both the LA County Republican and Democratic parties, along with the Los Angles Times, opposed Measure A, with the Times opining that doing away with an elected assessor would limit democracy, as the caption, "Hey, LA, do you want more democracy, or less?" on one of the story's accompanying photos suggests.
Yes, the Times acknowledges, "It is true that political corruption is an inherent problem with elected assessors, because they need campaign money when they're running for office and, once elected, they have the power to reward supporters and punish opponents by setting taxable property values."
And true, the editorial continues, "Voters know as little about assessor candidates as they do about people running for Superior Court judge … [J]ust as they must be wary of judicial candidates raising campaign money from the very litigants who will bring cases before them, [voters] must be concerned as well about assessor candidates who will be setting the taxable value of property belonging to big campaign donors."
But — and this is where the editorial draws a vague but critical line — Measure A should be opposed because "it doesn't answer any of the balance-of-power questions raised by the Noguez scandal … Appointing the assessor and removing the voters' oversight merely trades one set of hazards for another," among them making the assessor susceptible to the self-serving political whims of the Board of Supervisors and disrupting the current system of checks and balances, a system which didn't seem to be working very well in the case of Noguez, a former mayor of Huntington Park.
Interestingly, the Times' stand conflicts substantially with other lesser-known positions taken by nonpartisan tax experts, who have for years questioned not only the role, but also the effectiveness of elected tax assessors. In "Elected Versus Appointed Assessors and the Achievement of Assessment Uniformity," appearing in the National Tax Journal in 1989, writers John H. Bowman and John L. Mikesell found widespread support among those in the industry for appointed assessors.
"Appointment of the assessor does not assure competent performance any more than it does for other key administrative positions, and there are many capable elected assessors; but when appointment is limited to persons with certified professional qualifications, there is more assurance of employing a person with the required technical and administrative skills than if the selection is left to voters," Bowman and Mikesell quote from the report, "Assessment Administration — Elected or Appointed."
"Running for re-election steals time from the work of assessing, and when the turnover of the office is frequent, a community is likely to experience a succession of incumbents each learning his job at public expense," that report states.
"On balance," Bowman and Mikesell conclude, "the traditional argument still is that appointed assessors can be expected to perform better than elected assessors."
What is democratic?
The Times calls the county's current election system for assessor a "hybrid," inasmuch as its leaders over the years — with the exception of Noguez, the first Latino to hold that office since the late-1800s — have not really been elected as much as handpicked prior to election, much like the ages-old procedure in the Sheriff's Department. In the case of the assessor, it's been rare, the Times points out, "to have an open election for assessor, with no incumbent seeking to keep the seat. More often, an assessor resigns or retires in the middle of his term, the Board of Supervisors appoints an interim replacement, and that person runs, and generally wins, as an incumbent."
The race for the District Attorney's Office, won by longtime Deputy DA Jackie Lacey, the first woman and the first African American to hold the position, was the first time in 50 years that an incumbent DA didn't run, the Times reported, although Lacey was 12-year incumbent DA Steve Cooley's handpicked choice for the job.
But, the truth is, the Sheriff's Department, the assessor's job and the DA's Office are small potatoes compared to even greater examples of democratic opportunities blown or misused and public participation thwarted in LA County.
First on that list: The Board of Supervisors.
Most of the five supervisors are now thoroughly entrenched incumbents many times over who never really had to worry about being re-elected once in office. Representing roughly 2 million people apiece and lording (as feudal kings or queens might) over 4,083 square miles of rugged mountains, scenic coastline, vast farmland and inhabitable desert, they all know it would take a millionaire — which some supervisors have become while in office — to beat them.
The composition of the board today is a far cry from that of just 30 years ago. In 1979, Yvonne Braithwaite Burke, who had just served in Congress, became the first woman and first black member of the Board of Supervisors when she was appointed to fill a vacancy on the board by then-Gov. Jerry Brown. She lost the 1980 election for the District 4 seat to Deane Dana, returning the board to its all-male and all-white status.
Twelve years later, Burke ran again, this time for the District 2 seat vacated by legendary Supervisor Kenneth Hahn, who had served on the board from 1952 to his retirement in 1992. Hahn, who had served on the LA City Council before becoming supervisor, headed an LA political dynasty; his son, James, now a Superior Court judge, served as mayor of LA, and his daughter, Janice, now a congresswoman, was on the LA council. For the record, Kenny Hahn, who died in 1997, was no relation to former County Assessor Kenneth P. Hahn, who was the first openly gay person to serve in the position.
Just as it had zero black members before Burke, the board had also had no one with a Spanish surname since the late 1880s. Then, in 1992, former LA Councilwoman Gloria Molina won the board's District 1 seat, formerly held by Pete Schabarum. She has been in office ever since.
Burke was replaced on the board in 2008 with the election of Mark Ridley-Thomas, also African American and also a former LA City Council member. With his election, the former state Senator and Assembly member remains the first and only African-American man to serve on the board.
In other seats, Dana retired in 1996 and was replaced in the District 4 seat that year by Don Knabe, Dana's longtime friend and former chief of staff, who won election to the position. Ed Edelman was replaced in the board's District 3 seat in 1994 by Zev Yaroslavsky, also a former LA Council member, when Edelman, himself a former council member, did not seek re-election after 20 years on the board. Today, the longest serving supervisor is Mike Antonovich, who's represented District 5 since 1982.
With 2002's Measure B, which passed with 63 percent of the vote that year, supervisors are now limited to serving three consecutive four-year terms. This means Molina and Yaroslavsky will be termed out of office in 2014, and Antonovich will be forced to step down in 2016 after 34 years in office — six years shy of tying Kenny Hahn's record.
By comparison, the LA City Council, representing 3.8 million people, has an elected mayor and 15 members — a citizen-to-councilperson ratio of 252,000 to 1. Even the city of Pasadena, with roughly 140,000 people, has seven council members and an elected mayor.
Then there is the 13-member Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) Board of Directors, which looks, acts and sounds democratic but actually consists of the mayor of the city of LA, the five supervisors, the mayor's respective appointments, city council members from communities most affected by the mass transit system and one non-voting appointment of the governor. Few activists, business leaders or mere citizens have been members of this important powerful body. The MTA is but one of many such boards that make monumental decisions, recommend spending lots of money and forward critical recommendations to other governing boards, yet are populated by nothing but already elected officials, who are paid stipends and other perks for their "extra service."
Shouldn't members of these boards — especially the Metro board, which is presently deciding whether to connect the 210 and 710 freeways with multibillion-dollar, 4.5-mile-long traffic tunnels underneath parts of Pasadena — be responsible to the electorate for their actions in these extra-legislative capacities? These current members may be elected officials elsewhere, but no one voted for them to do these other jobs. Exactly how inclusive or democratically representative is that?
For that matter, to use the Times' rationale, why not make all top leadership jobs in county departments — public works, education, health and welfare, the register recorder and registrar of voters, which are also susceptible to undue influence by supervisors and others — elected positions?
After all, the question is not whether to increase democracy. That should be everyone's goal. The question is how to use the instruments of democracy that we have available to make our present system stronger, more inclusive and representative, and better.
And while we're on the subject of making government more accountable and increasing opportunities for people to participate in the workings our present democratic system, why is there no appointed or elected citizens' panel overseeing the Sheriff's Department, much like the one that watches over the LAPD?
Answer: Unlike the Sheriff's Department, the LAPD chief is hired by the mayor, with the approval of the City Council, not elected. The mayor also appoints members to the Board of Police Commissioners, which "serves as the head of the Los Angeles Police Department, functioning like a corporate board of directors, setting policies for the department and overseeing its operations. The board works in conjunction with the chief of police, who acts as a chief executive officer," and reports to the board's five civilian members, according the LAPD Web site.
The LAPD also has an independent inspector general's office, a Christopher Commission reform recommendation in 1991, which reports directly to the citizens' board on such things as misconduct, use of force and officer-involved shootings. No such office, except Baca's OIR, which serves more as a tool of remediation than prosecution, exists to keep an eye on the Sheriff's Department. There is no appointed or elected citizens' board in Pasadena overseeing that city's Police Department either, though there have been sporadic calls for the formation of such a body in the years since the riots. Also unlike the sheriff, in Pasadena, the chief of police is hired by the city manager.
On the upside, though, among the 77 recommended reform measures recommended by the Citizens' Commission on Jail Violence, one calls for the hiring of an expert on maintaining people in custody and another suggests appointing an inspector general, much like the LAPD's — and both proposals have been enthusiastically supported by Baca.
Don't count on it
They say out of crisis grows opportunity, and perhaps that's how time will treat the abominable situation in our county jails and the Noguez affair, still under investigation, as Noguez (whose name is really Juan Reynaldo Rodriguez, unbeknownst to most people, including voters) heads to trial. But good things will come of them only if they spark substantive democratic reforms which turn up the volume on long-marginalized citizen voices instead of stifling them further by incumbent officeholders' clinging to antiquated political ideas and counterproductive election practices.
But in LA County's ossified political system of exclusivity, privilege and patronage — which the Times calls "hybrid," but seems more like a type of medieval oligarchy dressed up in modern democratic clothing — don't count on it. As we've seen, carefully cultivated power once placed in the hands of the favored few is only relinquished with great care, caution and, on rare occasions, struggle, no matter who's in charge, what party they belong to or how they got where they're at.
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SACO, Maine Kenneth Wilson, a physicist who earned a Nobel prize for pioneering work that changed the way physicists think about phase transitions, has died in Maine. He was 77.
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The son of a Harvard chemist, the Waltham, Mass., native joined Cornell University in 1963 and later retired from Ohio State University, where he founded the Physics Education Research Group.
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