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The Guinness Book of World Records is the ultimate bar bet settler, bathroom reader and inspirer of really stupid stunts that end up on YouTube.
People attempting to set Guinness records will endure pain, permanent injury, public ridicule and financial devastation in the quest to get their names in the book, only to have some similarly obsessed competitor come along the next year to knock them out.
While categories like "fastest mile run" and "heaviest weight bench-pressed" truly mark athletic achievements, the meat of the Guinness records is the weird categories, the stuff that most likely occurred after someone shouted "Hey, y'all, watch this!" There's no proof, but it's a safe bet that alcohol was at least tangentially involved in many of them.
Here we've picked five of the strangest Guinness records. We assume no responsibility for bodily injury that may occur from stupid ideas this list gives you.
Longest full-body ice contact
Wim Hof, of the Netherlands, set a new Guinness record for the longest full-body ice contact, standing in a tube filled with ice cubes for 1 hour, 13 minutes and 48 seconds in 2008. He's since broken his own record three times, once in 2010 and twice in 2011, with it currently standing at 1 hour, 52 minutes and 42 seconds.
He claims to use a Tantric practice that allows him to control his body thermostat, and is also known for climbing to the top of Mount Kilimanjaro in shorts.
His nickname, of course, is Iceman.
Maybe we've been reading the wrong websites. We didn't think Tantra had anything to do with standing in tubes full of ice. We'd do more research, but the filters on the computers here at work won't let us get to our, erm, research library.
World's largest chicken dance
Ah, Ohio! It's in the heartland of America, and has given us some of our greatest stars, politicians and authors. It's also apparently filled with lunatics who think that gathering 72,000 people together in Cincinnati to perform the world's largest chicken dance is a fun thing to do.
In 1996, at the Canfield County Fair, they did just that, and while many other attempts have been made to topple the record, none have yet been certified by Guinness.
This is the sort of thing you'd want to find out about your uncle after he passed away. "Yep, Uncle Ernie was a bricklayer, a member of the Knights of Columbus, a Rotarian and he once set a chicken dance record." We wouldn't mind having something like that on our tombstone, ourselves.
Most bricks balanced on head
Have you ever gotten up in the morning, realized you really had nothing pressing to do, and decided to just start stacking stuff on top of your head? If that's happened to you, then you need to make friends with Great Britain's John Evans.
This Londoner balanced 101 bricks, for a total weight of 416.7 pounds, on his head for a full 10 seconds.
He's pulled similar stunts with people, beer kegs and a car.
Can't you see John at a Hyundai dealership? The salesman is touting all the features of the new Elantra, showing him the built-in GPS system, the airbags, the stereo system ... and John gets a few friends to balance the sedan on his skull. Is "spot for my skull to fit" a dealer-installed option?
We'd love to see him moving into a new home sometime.
Biggest gathering of people dressed as Smurfs
Crowd records are sort of a league of their own. Getting a massive number of humans, who are known for their capriciousness, to get together and perform a single act in unison is a difficult, if not nearly impossible, endeavor. Anyone who's tried to get a conference table full of people to agree on where to go to lunch can tell you this.


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And her little sister: Lulu Pie (3/21/09)
"Don't toush da mango"
One-handed typer Extraordinaire!
My body creates, houses, nurtures and nourishes life. That is awesome.
Kegel Kop says: TIGHTEN UP!
Okay, so this is my advice.
Find a nutritionist that deals with infants and toddlers and that is knowledgeable on breast feeding (screen them before you bring the dh) Babies NEED to have about 40 grams of fat per day for brain development at that age. That is almost impossible to do at the 12 month mark since most babies are still dabbling in solid foods. Rice milk does not provide fat or enough protein. Not to mention bf babies are smarter. So, tell your dh that maybe that will get him some scholarships. Rice milk is just not going to cut it. If your lo is allergic to soy, then you will have to do neocate or something similar, which is EXTREMELY expensive. So, do your research, find out how many fat grams is in breastmilk, rice milk (which is not enough) and neocate. Maybe that will help if he sees it will cost literally hundreds of dollars a month.
Also, maybe just tell him that your ds needs to nurse until you can be certain that he is getting the proper nutrition through his foods. FWIW, my ds weaned between 21 and 22 months, and he has never drank cow's milk or soy milk (or rice milk) for nutrition. However, he was eating enough fats. I think 18 months may be a more realistic goal for weaning in order to get his dietary needs met through food.
I personally wouldn't proclaim "I am nursing him until he is 2". That's a long way away and to your dh, right now, it probably seems like at age 2 is forever. Time goes by quickly.
I think it is very admirable that you are fighting for your son on this one.
FWIW, my inlaws were the same. my sil bf her first two for 3-5 months, which was an 'admirable sacrifice'. She nursed her third, who had allergies, until he was 10 months, which you would have thought, according to her, would have won her the nobel peace prize. My mil thought she was nuts to do such a thing. In fact, my inlaws were just here at Christmas, and mil announced that 'they' now recommend only nursing for 3 months, after that, it's not good for the baby. I won't get into all the dirty details, but in summary, she didn't speak to me or look at me for at least an hour after my tangent
I tend to be pretty easy going, and just go with the flow. This is one of those things where I will not back down. Once DH finally got that, he's backed off.
He likes to give me hell about it every once in awhile, he gets the eye and we leave it at that.
Stick around here, we'll help ya with the eye part!!
weaned with love by the Gman
Remembering my
Breastfeeding is an instinctual and natural act, but it is also an art that is learned day by day.
This makes me so mad! You are not a child and therefore DH doesn't get to mandate what you do, simple as that. However I do understand that LO is the child of both of you, but I know this may not be politically correct to say, but we've always had a subtle understanding that in the end my ideas/wants were the tie breaker when DS was a baby or when it involves my body, How does it even effect him?
I have to tell you that this issue would be a deal breaker for me, I am not willing to compromise the health or safety of my child for the whims of my husband or MIL! Especially since as you say your DH doesn't do any research on the subject.
I would also say please get a second opinion, rice milk at 10 mos instead of BM or formula is NOT sufficient for proper development.
Mommy to Maxwell 10-9-07 weaned with love (a party and a remote control monster truck) on his 4th birthday
My Boy 3-16-10
And my sweet pea Sam 2-12-11
Watch Your Language
Thanks for all the wonderful advice. I think I'm going to try the approach of just not saying anything. Just to continue what we're doing, because, you're right that he can't just pull my breast away.
I just sent an email to DH's cousin. She too has a son with food allergies. She stopped nursing when he was 8 months old due to pressure from family and friends. She still gets choked up about it when she thinks about what she took away from him. She's also very outspoken and I think she can knock some sense into my DH. Other than her, we don't know anyone else who breastfed longer than a few months, if at all.
I honestly don't know why he doesn't want me breastfeeding. He's never really given me a straight answer except for the ignorant "I wasn't breastfed, and I'm fine" type of comments.
I even showed DH the side of the rice milk carton where it says "Not to be used as an infant formula. For children under 5, consult a doctor." His idiotic response was "a doctor told us to use it."
Mommy to Maxwell 10-9-07 weaned with love (a party and a remote control monster truck) on his 4th birthday
My Boy 3-16-10
And my sweet pea Sam 2-12-11
Watch Your Language
Amy married to my bestfriend since 10/30/04
Proud SAHM to DS born 2/17/07 and DD born 9/11/08 Both weaned together 11/2011
Currently milk, peach, peanut and tree nut free. DD has outgrown her wheat, cheese, egg, garlic, and citrus allergies
So I asked him why he doesn't want me nursing once DS turns 1 and he said that he thinks it's weird. He thinks that he'll be too old for it and people will think it's gross. I didn't respond to him, I just asked and told him that I wouldn't argue with his reasons. I just wanted to know why he felt that way. So that's his official answer.
I'm just going to keep up with it and deal with it as he brings it up. If I stop nursing only because DH wants me to, I'm going to be resentful. And I'm going to feel awful feeding him rice milk knowing that I could be doing so much better for him.
omg, I don't even know you or your dh but this is just making my blood boil. Where does he get off "letting" you do anything?? You're not "his" to "let" You're not asking to use his truck - heck you're not "asking" him anything. You're nursing your child. You're providing the absolute best for your child. ugh.
My response would be "you don't get a vote". End of discussion. And I know that might not sound fair, but that's exactly how I feel right now. Perhaps I might have better advice in a while.
gosh, he's only 8 months old - still so tiny. Even at 10 months old, they are eating so little solid food that rice milk would have a negative impact.
Tell your dh that an allergist should give allergy advice and a peditirician should give infant health advice, and a Lactation consultant should give breastfeeding advice.
ETA: I don't mean to sound harsh I think I should have waited before I posted
mother of 2 boys!
Birth: 7lbs 12oz, 1 year: 22lbs 11oz
until he self-weaned 4 days before his third birthday ... still on occasion ... and happily
************************************************** ************************************************** *****************
People need to understand that when they're deciding between breastmilk and formula, they're not deciding between Coke and Pepsi.... They're choosing between a live, pure substance and a dead substance made with the cheapest oils available. ~Chele Marmet

subset: commoncrawl


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Basketball rivals Onalaska and Aquinas will have a bigger stage to play on this week.
The girls basketball game scheduled for Thursday, December 20 at Onalaska High School has been rescheduled and moved to Friday, December 21 at the La Crosse Center. Tipoff is at 6 p.m.
The boys basketball game will follow, with tipoff scheduled for 7:45 p.m. The teams were originally scheduled to play at Aquinas High School.
Both games will be hosted by Aquinas.
Tickets go on sale at the La Crosse Center on Friday at 4:45 p.m. All tickets will be general admission, priced at $6 for adults and $3 for students. Tickets are good for both games.


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Access member benefits and ADA policy
Purchase ADA products
Attend ADA's premier event
Access member-only practice content
Find evidence to support your clinical decisions
Take advantage of endorsed, discounted business products
Make a difference with dentistry's premier charitable organization
Find oral-health information for the public on ADA's award-winning site
Learn about the examinations used in licensing dentists and dental hygienists
Explore CODA's role and find accredited schools and programs
Learn about ADA CERP recognition, look up CERP recognized CE providers and find CE courses.
View the campaign and resources for children's oral health
Visit the Ad Council's children's oral health website
You are now leaving the Joint Commission on National Dental Examinations' webpage. Applications for the NBDE Part I and Part II, and the NBDHE examinations are processed through the American Dental Association's Department of Testing Services.
To apply for NBDE Part II, you must log in with your DENTPIN.


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Set up 2-Step Verification
Sign in to mobile or desktop apps
Users enrolled in 2-Step Verification need to periodically enter a special verification code, in addition to their username and password, to sign in to G Suite. When signing in from a web browser, they're prompted to enter this code after entering their password. However, desktop and mobile applications aren't configured to accept a verification code—there's no field for entering it. In these cases, they need to sign in by entering another type of code—called an app password—in place of their Google Account password.
How do my users generate and use app passwords?
Have your users follow the instructions in Sign in using app passwords.If these directions don't work, you can try these alternate directions
- Sign in to your G Suite Gmail Account and click Account Settings (at the top right corner of the window).
- Click Authorizing applications & sites. (Note: You can only generate app passwords if you're enrolled in 2-Step Verification).
- Go to your Authorized Access to your Google Account page: https://www.google.com/a/your_domain/IssuedAuthSubTokens. Be sure to replace "your_domain" with your actual domain name.
- Enter your password, if prompted.
- On your Authorized Access to your account page, provide a descriptive name for your app password, such as "Gmail Android". (This lets you remember which application it's for, in case you later need to revoke it).
- Click Generate password.
2-Step Verification in a browser vs. a desktop or mobile app
|Web Browser application
|Desktop application or mobile application
|Enter a 2-Step Verification code
|Enter an app password
Android 6.0 or later does not accept an app password. Users must enter their user-account password and then enter a 2-Step Verification code, which successfully adds the account.
|Get a verification code each time you need one, from your phone
|Get an app password once from your Authorized Access to your Google Account page on the web
|Once a month or when otherwise prompted
|Only once when you set up a new application/device after you've enrolled in 2-Step Verification
|On a second page that appears after entering a username and password
|In your G Suite Password field
Deployment tips for G Suite administrators
We recommend administrators to set up a deployment day where your users take their phones and laptops to your Help Desk. We recommend that your IT staff sets up 2-Step Verification for your users and enters the app passwords where needed in their mobile devices and desktop applications. We also recommend that you train your users when to use 2-Step Verification codes and how to get their codes. See the 2-Step Verification email template to send your users and point your Help Desk or Support staff to this article and Troubleshoot 2-Step Verification to help them get up to speed.
API Developers
If you are a G Suite API developer and use ClientLogin authentication, after you enroll in 2-Step Verification, you'll need to use an app password in place of your regular password.
App passwords are machine-generated passwords that you enter in your password field. App passwords are shown only at creation time, so for persistent API access, we recommend storing them in a secure place, as you would your password. App passwords do not expire, however, you can revoke them. For more information, see Turn off 2-Step Verification.
How to use your app passwords with APIs
For APIs using ClientLogin authentication, use your API app password in the Passwd attribute when making a POST request to the ClientLogin resource. An XML example of the POST request's body:
There is no difference between an app password used for API access and an app password used to access a desktop or mobile application: both are equivalent and provide the same privileges. To create an API app password, follow the directions in Sign in using app passwords.


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Bill addresses paid sick time for VermontersJanuary 28,2014By Neal P. Goswami
Staff Writer
MONTPELIER — A House panel began hearing testimony Tuesday on a bill that would require Vermont businesses to provide paid sick time to employees.
The issue is pitting advocates and some businesses owners against each other. Providing paid sick time will boost public health by allowing workers to remain home when they are ill. It will also help lower the cost of health care by allowing workers to address medical concerns before they become more serious, according to Lindsay DesLauriers, a public policy associate for Voices for Vermont's Children.
Mark Nicholson, a construction company owner representing Associated General Contractors, told the House General, Housing and Military Affairs Committee that business owners should not be saddled with the additional cost of providing sick time.
"If it is for the public good I think it needs to be paid for by the public, not put on the backs of employers," he said. "The construction industry believes in benefits, but we do not need to have them dictated by the state. Benefits are a way we attract good benefits. We take care of our employees."
The bill being considered by the committee would require all full- and part-time employees to accrue one hour of paid sick time for every 30 hours worked. Employees could accrue up to 56 hours of paid sick time per year.MORE IN This Just InMONTPELIER A new report from a commission that studied the cost, availability and quality of... Full StoryVermont fish hatchery changes focus, looks inland
BETHEL, Vt. Full StoryHONOLULU (AP) A group of Hawaii musicians and a Hawaiian Airlines flight attendant provided... Full Story
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Taxi fares from airport may increase by $2 per trip
It may soon cost a little more to grab a taxi from Richmond International Airport, but airport officials believe the extra fee will be worth it.
The Capital Region Airport Commission is asking Henrico and three other localities in the region to approve an additional $2 fee for taxi service that originates at the airport. Henrico's Board of Supervisors will hold a public hearing Oct. 23 to consider a change to its county code that would permit the fee.
Earlier this year, CRAC officials created new, stricter standards for walk-up taxi service at the airport and invited bids from taxi companies willing to meet them. Officials selected the proposals of three companies – Airport Taxi, Galaxy Cab and Richmond Flyer Taxi, which as of July 1 are the only three permitted to transport walk-up passengers. (Other taxi companies can pick up passengers on a pre-arranged basis only.)
The new standards required that each of the three companies:
• use only vehicles that are new as of this year;
• provide uniformed drivers who speak English as a second language, at a minimum, and who have completed a mandatory training program
• accept credit cards.
Each of the three companies is required to pay a $2-per-trip fee to CRAC for the right to provide pick-up service. Companies that provide pre-arranged service pay a $2.60 fee per trip to CRAC.
Because each of the three walk-up service companies invested heavily in order to meet the new standards, allowing them to recoup that $2 fee from passengers would help defray their costs, airport President and CEO Jon Mathiasen told the Henrico Board of Supervisors Sept. 25.
"We're trying to improve the overall appearance of ground transportation at Richmond International Airport," he said. "It is the front door and the last door that many visitors see [of Greater Richmond]."
The new standards make the airport one of few in the nation to offer an entire fleet of brand new vehicles (41 in total, including 5 that are fitted for disabled passengers), Mathiasen said. Each vehicle makes an average of 15 trips per day, Mathiasen said.
Taxi fares from the airport last increased five years ago this month.
Three Chopt District Supervisor Dave Kaechele said he had noticed a difference since the new standards took effect.
"The improvement is dramatic out there," he said. "It's very professional. I think it's got to make a big impression on visitors."
The airport is investing several hundred thousand dollars on a new queuing system that will help taxis conserve gas while they wait for passengers, Mathiasen said. It should be active within about two months.
project:HOMES' 'Renew Crew' helps Henrico citizen
Citizen Staff Reports 12/01/2016
The project:HOMES "Renew Crew" (above) recently assisted an elderly member of the Laurel Presbyterian Church in Henrico by clearing brush, trimming hedges and raking leaves in her yard.
The Renew Crew serves low-income, disabled and elderly homeowners in need of small-scale home repairs such as porch, railing and step repairs, exterior painting, clearing overgrown yards, tearing down outbuildings, wheelchair ramps and other critical repairs and accessibility modifications. > Read more.
Alzheimer's Walk raises $436,000
More than 2,000 people participated in the the Alzheimer's Association Greater Richmond Chapter's annual Richmond Walk to End Alzheimer's Nov. 5 at Markel Plaza in Innsbrook. The event raised more than $436,000 for Alzheimer's care, support programs and research.
The event is one of three walks that benefit the Alzheimer's Association of Greater Richmond and is held in celebration of National Alzheimer's Disease Awareness Month and National Family Caregivers Month.
Donations to the Walk to End Alzheimer's will be accepted through the end of the year and can be made at http://www.alz.org/walk. In total, the three walks this year have raised more than $644,344. > Read more.
Weekend Top 10
The past couple of days haven't felt like it, but it's finally December and this weekend is packed with holiday events. Kicking the weekend off is Glorious Christmas Nights' production of "Finding Christmas" at West End Assembly of God. Gayton Baptist Church's annual Jazz Nativity starts tonight. Another annual favorite is tomorrow – the tree lighting at The Cultural Arts Center at Glen Allen. In search of Christmas concerts? The Virginians Barbershop Chorus will present its annual Christmas Show tomorrow at the Collegiate School and the Richmond Choral Society will perform Sunday at Trinity Lutheran Church. For all our top picks this weekend, click here! > Read more.
Radio host honors Henrico-based FBI agents
Two Henrico women honored by Virginia Jaycees
Henrico to receive third round of pre-K funding
Business in brief
Virginia woman caught with loaded gun at Richmond International Airport checkpoint
- More News
Print Edition
Dec. 1, 2016Click here to read the print edition.
Weekend Top 10
Restaurant Watch
Weekend Top 10
Cultural Arts Center announces winter/spring class schedule
Weekend Top 10
- More Entertainment
Obituary – Barbara Veno Scheil
Obituary – Alice Faye Morgan
Obituary – Wanda G. Edmunds
- More Obituaries
project:HOMES' 'Renew Crew' helps Henrico citizen
Alzheimer's Walk raises $436,000
'Father Christmas' to provide 15 local dads $100 gift cards for holidays
- More Community
Thanksgiving, Part II
Storm woes for e-junkies
'Good old days' were good – for some
- More Opinions
RIR to admit children 12 and younger free next year
Henrico teams win district, state championships
Varina HS to host Basketball Skill Development Academy June 20-23
- More Sports
Place an Ad | More Classifieds
CalendarCall Federal will offer the workshop "First-time Home Buyers" from 6 p.m. to 7 p.m. at Tuckahoe Library. The workshop will help you to start your home search with confidence by gaining an understanding of what you can afford and what a home will cost - including all the little things most people forget. Finding the right real estate agent, how to make the best offer and the top 10 mistakes will also be discussed. Call Federal's series of financial workshops are free and open to the community. To register, visit http://www.callfederal.org/financial-workshops. Full text


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Child Safety: Child Safe Blinds & Shades
- Ensures the safest room for children
- All products have cord-free options
- WCMA approved cordless options
- Cordless operation is easy at low heights
- Add motorization for hard to reach windows
Blindsgalore supports the Window Covering Safety Council (WCSC) and the Window Covering Manufacturers Association (WCMA) in providing window treatments that meet the highest standards in cord safety to avoid any unwanted injuries or mishaps. The WCMA has created the Certified Best for Kids label to help identify products that are both suitable and strongly recommended in homes with young children. This certification program is the first of its kind and cordless lift options with this label have undergone rigorous third-party testing to ensure they meet stringent safety criteria. Select lift options labeled as Certified Best for Kids for utmost safety. Blindsgalore also recommends upgrading to a motorized blind or shade when available for extra protection and greater accessibility. Window treatment options that have been Certified Best for Kids are the smartest and safest choice for all of your blinds and shades.
Good Housekeeping™ Solar Screens
retail $132.61 $89.00 + an extra 10% off
Certified Best for Kids
Products with this label meet or exceed safety recommendations approved by the Window Covering Manufactures Association (WCMA) and have undergone rigorous third-party testing.
- 5% Openness
- Solids
- Cordless
- Remote Control / Motorized
- Beige / Neutral
- Black
- Brown
- Gray
- Kitchen
- Fabric
- Solar Screen
- Energy Efficient
- Flame Resistant
customer reviews for child safety
By beekeeper from Atlanta, GA
It's nice to block out the summer sun, and reduce the demand on my acView this product
"Perfect Color!"
By Duluthian2 from Minneapolis, MN
Always pleased that the colors swatches I receive and choose are EXACTLY what I get in a final product! There are no worries once you find the right one! I had to order quite a few samples (at least 3 dozen) to make sure I got the look and style I wanted.) In the end, I ended up with the perfect window treatment!View this product


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Some voters in Onalaska will have a new polling place for the Spring elections.
Construction at the National Guard Armory is forcing polling places there to move.
If you vote in district two or district three, you will vote at the Onalaska Omni Center Tuesday. That means all Onalaska voters cast ballots at the Omni Center.
The city clerk says they've been doing their best to make sure people don't go to the wrong polling place.
Polls are open everywhere in Wisconsin from 7:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.


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I called my DCP this a.m. to see how LO was doing. She was telling me how he was on his second bottle and made mention of how he's "still eating every two hours."
Am I doing something wrong here? On Monday, I raised the amount of EBM in the bottle to 5oz, only to come home to a baby who seemed way too full to nurse and honestly seemed stuffed most of the night. So, Tuesday, I dropped it back down to 4 1/2 oz, because I feel that's all he needs.
DS seemed less than enthusiastic to nurse this morning. He got about 15 minutes of good sucking in, and then refused the breast anymore, but kept opening his mouth wide like he wanted some more. He wasn't fussy or anything, though, and I'm on a limited time (because DH has to drop off DS by 6:30 and we didn't wake up until 5:30) so I just sent him off.
By 9:40, when I called, he was on his second bottle (usually the 2nd bottle doesn't happen until 10:15 or 10:30), and like I said, she made mention of him "still eating every two hours.'
And ugh, I'm so confused. Everything I read said 5oz is probably too much for a 3 month old and I know they aren't just feeding him to shut him up because they are constantly telling me he's only fussy when he's hungry and he's a great self-soother. So I feel like, if I raise it up to 5oz, he's not going to nurse much at all in the evenings and I'm going to have more and more problems with getting him on the breast.
Please give me advice on what to do.


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I'm exclusively BFing my 5 week old baby.
In the past week, her feeding time at each breast suddenly decreased. She used to take 10 - 15min at each breast, for a total feeding time of around half an hour at a time.
Now she is done in 5 minutes +/- per breast.
I was anticipating longer nursing since it's about time she experiences her next growth spurt (6 weeks?), but to the contrary, she seems to be spending less time at the breast.
Otherwise, her frequency of feeding remains unchanged.
Does it follow that babies get more efficient at sucking, or my milk flow actually increases such that she gradually needs to spend less time at the breast?
Many thanks for your thoughts/ advice.


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Jean Gabriel PRÈTRE
print after 1798 /1802 – 1850
Francois MANCEAU
engraver France 1786
La Perruche à collier jaune, mâle. Son bec vu de face.
[Yellow collared parrot, male.]
undesignated impression as issued , published state
printrun unknown
image 1 33.0 (h) x 27.0 (w) cm
The Wordsworth Collection, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra, purchased 2010
National Gallery of Australia, Canberra
Prêtre was a renowned French ornithological artist who produced drawings of the strange exotic creatures seen on French exploration voyages. These were published in zoological books during the 19th century.


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Comparative Immunology, Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
An International Journal focused on Comparative Veterinary and Medical Research
The journal impact factor is a measure of the frequency with which the average article in a journal has been cited in a particular year. The impact factor helps you evaluate a journal's relative importance, especially when you compare it to others in the same field. To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2012 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years.© 2012 Thomson Reuters, 2012 Journal Citation Reports®
Editors-in-Chief:Henri-Jean Boulouis
Aims & Scope
Based on the concept of "Comparative Medicine" interdisciplinary cooperation between specialists in human and animal medicine is of mutual interest and benefit. Therefore, there is need to combine the respective interest of physicians, veterinarians and other health professionals for comparative studies relevant to either human or animal medicine .
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology & Infectious Diseases aims to respond to the concept of "One Medicine" and to provide a venue for scientific exchange.
The journal is open to subjects of common interest related to the immunology, immunopathology, microbiology and epidemiology of human and animal infectious diseases, especially zoonotic infections, and animal models of human infectious diseases. The role of environmental factors in disease emergence is emphasized.
Original research papers of high quality and novelty on aspects of host response, molecular biology, pathogenesis, control and prevention and treatment of microbial diseases of domestic animals and wildlife (if the infections are of zoonotic interest and/or in relation with domestic animals), laboratory animals and animal models of human infections are considered for publication. Papers dealing primarily with epidemiology will only be considered if they demonstrate a clear impact on the pathogenesis or prevention of a disease. Similarly, articles addressing microbiology, immunology or pathogenesis must address issues of comparative medical interest. Manuscripts focusing on probiotics or diseases and/or immunology of fishes are not part of our overall scope, as they are better fitted to more specialized journals.
Review articles are highly appreciated. They should focus either on a pathogen or on analyses of the mechanisms of host-microbe interactions including epidemiological studies. Proposal for such manuscripts should be submitted to the co-editors in chief for approval before submitting the manuscript.
Papers focusing solely on diagnostic techniques, case reports or drug trials will not be published. Papers of geographically limited interest, which repeat what had been established elsewhere, will not be considered. The readership of the journal is global. The Editors reserve the right to suggest submission to another journal for those papers which they feel would be more appropriate for consideration by that journal.
Papers will be rejected if standards of care of, or procedures performed on animals are not beyond those expected of humane veterinary care. Standards must, at least, meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research involving Animals, as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences. (C.I.O.M.S., c/o WHO, CH 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland).
Physicians and veterinarians whose specialities include: immunology, immunopathology, microbiology and infectious diseases in both animals and humans.
Abstracting and IndexingCambridge Scientific Abstracts, Current Awareness in Biological Sciences, Current Contents/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Medline/Index Medicus, Scopus
Free Shipping around the world ▪ Broad range of products ▪ 30 days return policy ▪ FAQ


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Welcome to the CRG Discussion Forum!Forum registration problems: Make sure you enter your email correctly and you check your spam box first. *Then* email KurtS2@gmail for help.
No need to wonder, that's what it is. The moisture permeated the seat.
Thanks to everyone for the replies. When you say "they came back out when the sun got on it," are you refering to the dimples like my seats have now?


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- Be the first to comment
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WEF Discussion Forums
Laboratory Management and Technical Issues
BOD: The Case Of The Disappearing Oxygen
There are eight million stories in the naked laboratory. This is one of them.
I was working the day shift out of management. It was cool and cloudy in Portland. My partner's name is Jennifer. The boss is "Captain" Redding.
About 8 AM the call came in: our dilution water, stable at good saturation for over 13 years, was reading <1.0. Same old everything...nothing new, lab-wise.
The BOD homicide section went into action. First, the water was checked: house DI put through Nanopure polishing; point-of-use RO/DI out of a brand new Millipore; a jug of steam distilled. After suitable bubbling, no oxygen.
Second, our "usual" water was shaken like mad at the bench: good DO. Started bubbling. Watched the DO take a dive. Same for the other two sources. Conclusion? It isn't the water.
Third, shook some more water: good DO. Bubbled: no DO. Shook again: DO slowly started to come up, but not very fast.
Fourth, borrowed an oxygen meter from the confined entry guys. Stuck it in a big Erlenmyer: % oxygen fine. Ran in some house air and watched the red light come on and listened to the alarm as the % oxygen left town.
Fifth, a member of the A-Team claimed it was oil in the big compressed air tank up in the utility room. Under pressure, oxygen can react with the oil, which then acts as a scavenger. Or it's poisoning the well. It's the only constant in the mystery. Hmmm.
Today: our building guru explains that the pump is oiless and the air in the utility room is just fine.
There are zillions of lab rats out there in WEF-Land. Somebody has to have a clue, or better yet an answer.
Chuck Lytle
Dum da DUM dum..dum da DUM dum DUMMMMM! This is the city. Portland Oregon. My name is Joe Friday. I work here. I'm a BOD cop.
You and I have previously communicated on this devious behavior and although I hate to admit it, I have no clues. SOMETHING has taken its toll on the oxygen at the crime scene, but without isotope prints, DNA samples, or some other conclusive evidence, I don't think we'll ever find the guilty party.
Just the facts, ma'am:
We actually went up to the utility room and checked the oxygen level. It was just fine, and there were no bodies lying on the floor. The canary kept on chirping.
The big compressor took the fifth amendment and wasn't talking. There were no visible signs of an altercation with the vacuum system sitting right next to it.
So Jennifer put in a requisition for a fairly large size fish tank bubbler. We now have oxygen in our dilution water, but the case has gone cold. The CSI squad have taken off their nitrile gloves....for now.
At a station where I previously was assigned we had the utilities in the penthouse. The air intake for the compressor was on the roof as were the chemhood exhausts. Maybe the culprit was from an inside job?
Is there a back flow, cross connection program for the house air?
A cross connection or backflow problem is not possible: the air pressure and vacuum systems are completely separate.
Here we are, a couple of weeks down the road with no solution in sight.
We thought about running around the lab and testing various air pressure outlets, but instead have just gone with the fish tank bubbler.
Degassing the sample with a gas that doesn't contain oxygen seems to be the issue here.
Could a tank of nitrogen, argon, or other non-oxygen containg compressed gas be hooked up into the "air" plumbing?
Check the air piping. Iron "sucks" oxygen when it oxidizes. We had that problem with our system, because of moisture build up the iron pipe started oxidizing and using up the oxygen in the line.
We got to thinking the same thing. Our building guru from General Services is going to take the air compressor off line and undo the tank knock-out and check out the inside of the tank. I'll post the results of the inspection. You'd think they'd make the tank out of stainless steel or somehow passivate the interior.
There's something gratifying about an almost three year old "cold case" still piquing interest.
With only circumstantial evidence, the lab rat grand jury indicted the air compressor, and it was convicted of contributing to the poisoning of ten innocent BOD samples, although the compressor refused to take the stand in its own defense. At sentencing, it continued its silence, so it was banned for life from bubbling BOD samples. (Exsanguination was ruled out due to budget considerations.) Afterwards, it somehow managed to release a statement to the press that it was going to spend the rest of its life tracking down the real culprit.
I'll keep you informed.
So it is out looking for the one-armed man.
Tony is probably right in that a sparging was with a gas that had no oxygen in it. But if a tank of another gas is not the culprit, then where did the oxygen go from the compressed air??
I leave it to the math geeks to figure out how soon oxygen scavaging would take to reduce the compressor to a pile of rust colored powder.


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Jonathan Pelto has unearthed a shocking story of a school district in Connecticut that is being pulled apart, privatized, and spit out by pseudo-saviors.
Windham, Connecticut, was in academic trouble so the state board of education appointed a "special master" to oversee school reform and the legislature appropriated $1 million per year extra. The district of 3,500 students has many who are impoverished and/or non-English-speaking.
Of the $2 million allocated in the first two years, some $750,000 went for the salary and benefits of the "special master" and his personal staff. More money went for consultants. Charters will open , one run by a group with the amazingly candid name "Our Piece of the Pie." Among their sterling credentials: they run a charter school with six (6) students.
It is not clear that any of the new money will directly benefit students, such as, hiring another social worker or providing after-school programs.
Is anyone in Connecticut paying attention? Does anyone care?


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This darling Honey Pie top from O'Neill features dolman sleeves, yarn dyed stripes, a high-low hem and a metal O'Neill charm near the bottom hemline.
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Andy Pettitte Calls It Quits
After a sixteen year career, Yankees pitcher, Andy Pettitte, has decided to call it quits.
I personally, have always admired Pettitte, and think that it sucks he has decided to leave. There is a lot of talk about wether or not Pettitte is good enough to make it into the Hall of Fame. According to Pettitte, he isn't good enough. He says that he found the game difficult most of his career, and sees it as only players that make the game look easy, as being worthy of the Hall. I don't know. I think he is good enough to make it. But thats just my opinion. Any thoughts on Pettitte in general? Or his chances of making it to the Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, NY?
5 Comments
Pettitte has solid career numbers and his post season play will give him a boost with HOF voters, but his connection with PED's and 3.88era will keep him out.
From Chone Figgins in Seattle to Carl Crawford in Boston, they all let out a sign of relief knowing one of the best pick-off artists in MLB history will not be on the mound in 2010.
For all the great things Pettitte has done over the years from New York to Houston, his stand-off attitude this off season is overshadowing his game.
But his tell-tale admission to a PED rehab and his affiliation with someone named Clemens will always throw a shadow on hismight too.
But I do stand and applaud the way he played the game. How he would look strenly at hitters at the plate daring them toslice his pitches into the corner or even attempt to steal a base off him.
I will miss Pettitte for his fire and gumption, but I will not miss his wins again my Rays.
Rays Renegade
RUSSELW- His connection with PED's and bad ERA, will definitely hurt his chances. I guess we'll have to wait and see what happens.
RAYSRENEGADE- I agree that Pettitte's game should be applauded. He indeed had fire and gumption.
when it comes to Andy Pettitt you just throw everything negative out of the window. hes been a stand up guy his whole career. all hands down i believe tha Andy Pettitte is a first balot hall of fame guy. just by his character alone . personally i dont even see where the discussion of him not being in the hall of fame would even be. and must i add he does have over two hundred wins, and five world series championships tell me what you think, i know he's a hall of famer.
I agree with you that he will probablly make it into the Hall. If I were a HOF voter; I would let him in. But, sadly, I'm not a voter; and have no influence on who gets in. It will be interesting to see how the HOF voters feel about him.


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Tiger and Rory took the week off but some of golf's hottest players are battling for a win this weekend at the Wyndham Championship at Sedgefield Country Club in Greensboro, North Carolina.
At the end of three rounds, Sergio Garcia led the field at 14 under par.
Bud Cauley and Tim Clark were close behind at 13 under.
Jason Dufner, Harris English, Carl Pettersson, Davis Love III, Matthew Every, Justin Leonard and Will Claxton rounded out the top 10.
Webb Simpson is also in the hunt, part of a large group within 4 shots of the lead.
With this year's major tournaments complete, attention is turning to the race for the FedEx Cup.
Tiger Woods leads the rankings, with Rory McIlroy, Jason Dufner, Zach Johnson and Bubba Watson close behind.
The fourth and final round of the Wyndham Championship will be played Sunday.


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"I found Catholic Answers Live, and was engaged immediately. 'Hooked' is the right word. I was astounded at the things I had mis-learned. God bless you and I hope you never go off the air."
~ Susan, Cincinnati, OH
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"Do as you wish; for we are Christians, and we do not sacrifice to idols."
~ Six companions of Justin Martyr, martyrs all; speaking to the Prefect Rusticus after he threatened them with "torture without mercy" unless they sacrificed to the Roman "gods;" from the trial transcript by Tatian (A.D. 165).


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Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?seanmw Jul 14, 2011 7:31 PM (in response to GameAmour)
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?AgileFusion Nov 22, 2011 5:41 PM (in response to seanmw)
We have released an new strategy game: Bugs Tower Defense
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?milik Sep 9, 2012 3:43 AM (in response to AgileFusion)I like strategy games too. But if you want to make a good strategic game than you have to combine "wide vstrategic options, good effects and good usage interface" other tgings are optional, like real time or turn based strategy. You just have to be original, you dont have to choose one of these, you can make half turn based and half real time strategy. Anyway, both kinds has its own funs , but as i see you are making advertisement more than discussing the game kind. That's not honesty....
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?cartooncool Jul 15, 2011 12:39 PM (in response to GameAmour)
I would love to see a Stratego type of game.
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?Loyd Jul 19, 2011 9:06 AM (in response to GameAmour)
I'd happily pay for a game that lets me play the old Infocom type games. There are hundreds of free "games" for Frotz that works on the iPad and Wiggle for Android but nothing for Nook (I don't want to root my nook). I don't know how much alike the nook2 and Nookcolor are, but from a reader's point of view, those games would work just as well on both platforms. Activision might even be pursuaded to sell their games again although personally, I already have most of the Infocom ones--I just need an app to render them on my Nooks.
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?JustGrant2009 Jul 21, 2011 2:41 PM (in response to GameAmour)
When you say "An Old Chinese Game similar to stratego" if you mean "Go", PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE make an app for it! I know so many people that would love to have Go on nook color. You could probably even work with the GnuGo project to get a lot of sources for free.
Also, I agree with the idea of turn based RPG games like Final Fantasy Tactics and the like. Those are always a crowd pleaser for the tablet community.
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?GameAmour Jul 27, 2011 8:17 AM (in response to JustGrant2009)
Thank you all for great comments! We'll be announcing a new game soon, so stay tuned!
We have a game featuring gameplay using the action cards on the way.
Some of our games will have the time/resource management mechanics.
Actually, "An Old Chinese Game similar to stratego" was old chinese game "Dou Shou Qi" translated as "Animal Chess" or "Game of Fighting Animals". Thanks for the other suggestions!
There are quite few games similar to Alchemy in different app stores (like "Doodle God"), they are more of match-3 games than a strategy, but quite fun! I cannot recall if I saw Alchemy in Android market... You probably have to wait for the original author to bring it to Nook Apps, otherwise rooting is the only way...
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?quenel Jul 23, 2011 6:25 PM (in response to GameAmour)
I am new to "boards". My suggestion isn't a strategy game necessarily but I would love to be able to play Alchemy (by 'Zed') on my NC. I know it is Android based and my husband plays it on his iPhone. I believe I can do it if I "root" it but I would rather not. So I am submitting it as an idea, but if you or anyone knows if I can get it for me NC please let me know where. Thank you I do not mind paying for it either.
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?Wylee Jan 10, 2012 2:02 PM (in response to quenel)
I'm hoping to find Alchemy in Nook Apps, or something very very similar. thanks.
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?damamabear33 Jul 29, 2011 8:54 PM (in response to GameAmour)I would love to see Scrabble for NC! It's my favorite game. It has also made me a better reader. I'm trying harder books because now I have a better vocabulary to understand what is be said. Please work on that fir me. My kids also want NC for Christmas this year. I am willing & able to do so but I don't won't just stupid games added. Id like to see more vocabulary games to build their reading as well as their eye hand coordination.
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?GameAmour Jul 30, 2011 11:21 AM (in response to damamabear33)
I see a lot of requests for Scrabble. We're evaluating a posibility to make a vocabulary related game.
I think I can refer to one of our apps, Add-O-Matic , as an educational game which helps with math skills, practice eye-hand coordination (fine-motor skills) and reaction, it's a math puzzle/arcade game and it's on sale right now for only $0.99. In fact, I was told, that one of the child therapist is using Add-O-Matic with some kids to practice their fine-motor skills (which is amazing).
I think the respective developer can be found when looking at developer profile in Android Market, quite often there is a link to their website.
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?Arcanite Aug 19, 2011 3:30 AM (in response to GameAmour)
Hero Quest & Space Crusade -type games would be nice, and also the ability to play the strategy/board games with multiple players over the network would be really really nice. Carcassone gets my vote as well!
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?GameAmour Oct 7, 2011 8:24 PM (in response to Arcanite)
Thank you all for your comments! We listen!
I just wanted to mention that we have published a new board game Reversi Deluxe:
Available now on your NC!
The game features fun 3 computer players (by the level of difficulty) with unique personalities in single-player mode. You can also challenge a friend and make your NC a table top board for Reversi with a unique hot-seat design.
Please, let us know what you think!
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?phil55 Nov 8, 2011 4:00 AM (in response to Arcanite)
Stay simple at first. You're not going to be able to find an enormous market niche at first, but, here's what you must know: a really good strategic game application will keep your base very loyal, but I understand the software developers must pick and choose what's best.
Here's my take. Do market research on who are the most loyal gameplayers, and what games they play. Allow for network games. Trust me, you'll win the apps war hands down.
Here's my list:
Diplomacy - simple, yet entertaining.
Simple strategic board games from the WWII, Civil, or Napoleonic wars.
A classic wooden ships and iron men game originally from avalon hill.
A simple hex-based RPG - simple but make it multiplayer over a network.
Possible? I'm sure it is. The problem is, finding and marketing the killer application, finding the loyal gameplayers, and advertising like mad. You just need one to hook the community, but make it a strategic game played by adults. It's a really tough world with all the competition, but it's your best hope.
Good luck.
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?southpawami Oct 17, 2011 5:39 AM (in response to GameAmour)
Would like:
4 way chess... with 4 player options
3d chess(3 boards over each other) - with 2 player options
hanafuda - with 4 player options
go - with 2 player options
spades - 4 player options
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?Yatta99 Nov 21, 2011 6:44 PM (in response to GameAmour)
I would very, very, very much appreciate a version of Mahjongg that played REAL Mahjongg. Not the tile matching games that are mis-named Mahjongg. Hong Kong rules would probably be most popular but Japanese Riichi rules would be awesome. And if you could make it so that you could play online (vs real people) OR offline (vs computer opponents) it would really rock. I'd even put you on my Christmas Card list
Another good board/strategy game to get to market ..... TALISMAN! Oh the numerous, sleepless nights spent playing that. Just the basic set would be fine, no need for the bazillion expansion packs ... at least to start.
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?aikiboy Feb 12, 2012 2:59 PM (in response to GameAmour)
Just found this thread, but can I put in a plug for Go, too? Yeah, there's a market.
Re: Strategy games for Nook Color?UninjuredFist Nov 26, 2012 8:02 AM (in response to GameAmour)If this has not been brought to your attention before now, I'd be glad to. There are absolutely no Go (aka Baduk, Weiqi) apps for the the Nook. Not one. I was very disappointed by this fact as a new one comes out every day for android. I suspect many others feel the same way. Think you could add this to your list of games? You'd make a lot of people very happy.


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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/45624
- Title
- Language learning histories: an introduction to critical thinking
- Author(s)
- Pohl, Andreas
- Abstract
- Language learning histories are often used in the classroom to encourage students to reflect on their individual learning styles and strategies. The narrow focus on the individual's learning behaviour, however, tends to de-contextualise the learning experience. This article argues that locating language learning histories in specific societal, political and historical circumstances can also be an effective learning and teaching tool to develop critical thinking skills. To illustrate, the article examines a course in critical thinking which the author developed and delivered to ELICOS students studying at the Swinburne University English Language Centre in 2005. The first part of the article briefly examines some of the theoretical underpinnings of the two core components of the course: language learning histories and critical thinking in the context of English for Academic Purposes. The second part is a narrative covering the author's and the author's students' efforts to put theory into practice. The author concludes that the course was reasonably successful in making explicit naturalised notions of English as an international language and in raising awareness of wider historical and socio-cultural contexts in which English is learned. It fell short of the author's aim of challenging power relationships on both a societal and an individual level.
- Publication type
- Journal article
- Research centre
- Swinburne University of Technology. English Language Centre
- Source
- EA Journal, Vol. 24, no. 1 (2008), pp. 13-23
- Publication year
- 2008
- Keyword(s)
- Critical pedagogy; Critical thinking; English (Second language); English for academic purposes; International students; Student attitudes; University second language programs; Postsecondary education
- Publisher
- English Australia
- 1449-4496
- Publisher URL
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2008 (Please consulty author).


text:
Headlines (Campus Updates)
Communications, Public Affairs & Marketing
Laurier students to compete in Everyday Creativity contest March 23
Mar 21/14
Students in the Wilfrid Laurier University chapter of AIESEC the worlds largest student run organization focusing on developing globally-minded leaders are one of four finalists in the McDonald McCafé and Campus Perks competition to promote Everyday Creativity in McDonalds McCafés.
The Laurier team will compete in the next round, presenting their idea Global Village, on Sunday, March 23 at the McDonalds McCafé at the corner of King and Columbia streets in Waterloo. All are welcome to attend.
Global Village came from an idea by AIESEC Laurier President Chungsoon Haw, fourth-year economics and financial management student at Laurier. After he was offered the opportunity to travel to India, he realized the importance of leaving his comfort zone and experiencing other cultures.
I always thought I was open minded, but when I was offered the chance to go to India, I hesitated. I didnt know what to expect, said Haw. However, after landing at the airport and being picked up by local AIESEC members there, I realized that there was absolutely nothing different between us. We have the same aspirations, the same values and the same concerns. Because of all these experiences, I realized the importance of leaving ones comfort zone and experiencing cultures we never thought wed experience.
This experience inspired Haw and students involved in AIESEC to bring different world cultures to Waterloo Region. They selected five to seven countries and regions to bring to the King and Columbia McDonalds Café as part of The Global Village theme and will unveil these countries and regions at 1 p.m. on Sunday, March 23.
AIESEC is the largest student-run organization in the world and focuses on developing youth into globally minded leaders of tomorrow by providing them with international internship opportunities. To go on an internship this summer, visit aiesec.ca or email Haw at email@example.com.
Event Details:
Date: Sunday, March 23
Time: 1 p.m. 3 p.m.
Location: Corner of King St. and Columbia St., Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
*Free admission; all are welcome.
View all Communications, Public Affairs & Marketing news
View all Laurier news


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She was preceded in death by her parents; one son, John Herman Perkins; and a grandson, Michael Ray Perkins.
Survivors include two daughters, Janice M. Doss of Joliet, Ill., and Jane P. (Moses) Briscoe of Houston; two sons, Jake Perkins Jr. of Victoria, and James (Deloras) of Ft. Worth; two sisters, Mary Lee McDonald of San Francisco, Calif., and Evelyn Youngblood of Victoria; a brother, Vernon Elliott of Refugio; 12 grandchildren; and 17 great-grandchildren.
Visitation was held from 6 to 8 p.m. Wednesday, May 15, at Moore Funeral Home Chapel.
The funeral service was conducted there at 11 a.m. Thursday, May 16. Burial followed at Refugio Community Cemetery.
Pallbearers were Nathaniel Youngblood, Jeremy Frazier, Jeffrey Frazier, Frank Franklin, Johnny Franklin, Braxton Franklin.


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103 General Psychology (3-0-3). An introductory course in the principles of human behavior. It deals with topics such as scientific method in psychology, measurement, learning, development, perception, motivation, personality, abnormal behavior, intelligence and others.
210 Life Span Human Development (3-0-3). The life span covering the prenatal, early childhood, adolescent and adult stages. PR: PSYC 103 or SOCI 210.
290 Topics in Psychology (3-0-3). Formal course in diverse areas of psychology. Course may be repeated for different topics. PR: Consent of instructor. PR: PSYC 103.
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Thicker, fatter, punchier drums. Help with achieving this please?
Posted 16 February 2012 - 10:03 PM
I want to be able to achieve that nice rich thick thudding dance beat (sort of) drum sound for a track I'm messing with at the moment.
I don't want the kicking a cardboard box sound and those that kind of have the sound that I want still sound too thin - or something. Not meaty enough.
I know very little about what the right effects are to use so I just fiddle.
I've tried adding chorus as an effect (along with EQ - putting more bottom end in and lowering some of the mids) but the chorus effect (just a doubling really, nothing too extreme) seems to do what ALWAYS happens and makes the drum sound like it's pushed back in the mix.
Even when I turn the volume up it still seems like it's "in the back of the room" somehow.
Why IS that!
Can anyone help me understand how to go about this?
#2 Guest_Gravity Jim_*
Posted 16 February 2012 - 11:01 PM
Posted 16 February 2012 - 11:44 PM
If you don't have the tracking/mixing choice to get the kick seperate, just make a copy of your drumloop and use EQ to isolate the low frequencies. There is very little in the low end of the drums besides the kick. Then you can treat that as your "kick" track and use some compression to get it knocking the way you want. Dance beat drums = compression.
I wouldn't be putting a chorus effect personally. Do you have a good saturation plug-in? That's one of my favorite effects for drums. Can really fatten up the sound.
Posted 17 February 2012 - 12:08 AM
What does compression do exactly? I thought it was something that makes all the frequencies the same level in volume (see, really I know nothing)
Saturation plug in? Hmm, I'm not sure. Not heard of that before.
I use Cooledit for recording and have an additional board of effects called "Direct X" (anyone know what I'm talking about?) In it it has Cakewalk and Sony.... "stuff" but most of it I don't use because I just don't know what it all means.
Posted 17 February 2012 - 12:26 AM
Try making a copy of the kick drum track. Put a compressor on it and adjust it until you're getting that punch you want. Then blend it with the dry kick drum track (if you want) to get more of the natural sound in it.
EQ-wise to get rid of that "cardboard" sound you mentioned... try cutting around 200-400 Hz. Boost around 60-100 Hz to get a bit more beef. Try boosting a bit in the higher range too to get a bit more attack and clarity.
p.s. Saturation, I guess it would be best described as a gentle distortion. I use it almost exclusively on drums but sometimes it can really help a vocal track gain some presence in a heavy mix. It's meant to emulate the effect of recording to tape.
Posted 17 February 2012 - 12:47 AM
Desertrose, on 16 February 2012 - 10:03 PM, said:
I want to be able to achieve that nice rich thick thudding dance beat (sort of) drum sound for a track I'm messing with at the moment.
Can anyone help me understand how to go about this?
Honestly, you're the last person I'd have expected to be asking a question about drums in a mix.
Are you looking for something more punchy than what you created in your song
Crisis ?
Have you had a look at this?
Mixing drums
He talks about using EQ and compression on a Kick drum.
Also just found this youtube video. (some profanity included)
Fatter Punch Kick Drums
I would stay away from using any FX like chorus though.
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Posted 17 February 2012 - 02:31 AM
Thanks Mark. Looks like I was in the right ball park regarding those EQ settings (I don't "look" at the numbers when I'm fiddling, I just fiddle, lol!)
Now the compression seems like a completely different and complex animal.
Thanks Dan for those links (but agggghhh - no, that very old song of mine is shocking and not just drum wise!)
The you tube one was very interesting, but quite confusing to me - not having the exact same programs to look at.
I did think though whilst watching that that exact drum "sound" he was using, sounded like something- if I found a similar one on my keyboard, that to me sounds like crap.
Even AFTER he fiddled and made it "better".
So I'm left wondering if I really just don't have a clue as to how drum sounds should SOUND.
Perhaps I'd better pay more attention to them in future when listening to music.
Maybe mine are not quite as bad as I thought?
I am beginning to understand though just how much bass and drums compete against each other in a mix and why it's important to try and separate them to avoid total "mud" from happening down that end.
Geez, it's all so very daunting.
Thanks for some insights anyway.
Posted 17 February 2012 - 08:18 AM
Here's one such site, there's many more. http://www.canadianm...um_samples.html
#9 Guest_Gravity Jim_*
Posted 17 February 2012 - 08:42 AM
While the main thing compression does is control dynamics, it is often used as a tone shaper, as FunkDaddy points out. But it helps to know what a compressor is really doing to use one well.
A compressor reduces the amount of gain in a signal above a given threshold by a given amount expressed as a ratio. (I know that sounds confusing, but it's really easy to understand.) Here's an example:
Let's say you have a kick drum sound that varies in gain from strike to strike. The softest ones are at -12 and the hardest ones are just about at 0db (this is a digital scale, BTW). You can't turn up the track because the hottest strikes will burn. So you set a compressor with a threshold of -8db, and a ratio of 4:1. What this means is that when the kick drum is softer than -8db (those -12db strikes we've got), the compressor will do nothing. But when the strike comes up above -8db, the compressor will reduce the amount of gain above the threshold by the 4:1 ratio, or to 25% of the original amount. Let's take a strike at -4db as an example. Because the compressor only affects the amount of gain above the threshold, it will cut the -4db strike (which is 4db above the threshold) by 75%, or 3 db, reducing the overall signal to -7db. The more gain above threshold, the more reduction.... on our strikes that are almost at 0 (8db above threshold), the compressor will reduce that 8db to just 2 db, bringing the whole signal down to -6.
So now you've reduced the dynamic range of your kick drum from 12db of variation (from -12 to 0) to just 6db (from -12 to -6). Now you can turn the gain on the compressor up 6db, and the whole kick drum track will become that much more present. Because it's louder, it will sound different... more low end, etc.
In pop music, we're usually trying to get the kick drum and the bass guitar to sound like one big fat instrument, and that's where most of the punch-in-the-face power of pop and rock forms comes from. Compression usually won't do this alone: you also need to do some equalization. A ton of bass and drum information lives in the range from the low-lows through the low mids, but almost all the character of an instrument is contained in the initial attack transient. For a bass, that transient is usually between 700 - 1000Hz, and the smack of a kick drum lives in a surprisingly high range, between 3000 to 4000Hz. (Up in the vocals!!)
A kind of by-the-book method of getting fat sounds from kick and bass while retaining clarity is to boost the way-lows on the kick (60-80Hz) , cut the low mids anywhere from 200Hz to 400Hz (sometimes called the mudrange... I usually start around 300hz) and boost the highs at around 3000Hz for clarity. On the bass, you go the other way; cut the lows where you boosted them on the kick (60-80Hz), boost the bass at around 120 - 150Hz, and boost the highs at around 900Hz for "click" and clarity. You don't need to boost or cut massive amounts... just a couple of db with a narrow Q setting of 2.0 or so (if you're not familiar with all these EQ terms, just spend some time with your EQ plug-ins... you'll find all these controls easily.) FunkDaddy was directing you to do the same thing... I'm just talking about how to balance that with the bass.
What you're doing here is making a nice little valley inside the kick drum sound for the bass to rest in, and accenting the attack of both instruments for max presence.
But, this is just basic starting point stuff. The drum should sound the way YOU want it to sound, "common knowledge" be damned.
Posted 17 February 2012 - 10:21 AM
First you'll need to track your kick separately and as an AUDIO TRACK NOT MIDI INFO.
Add a noise gate as an insert. Now, set the gate so that it opens only on the kick hits. Now, open up a frequency generator as an insert BEHIND the gate. Set the frequency to something you can hear really well like 400hz so that you can hear that it is working. Now lower the frequency down (Ilike to start at 41hz). Listen. Boost the Freq Generator if you need more umph.
This is a standard Dance music mix move. If you'll just Google: SUB KICK TRICK you'll find an instructional video. If the software isn't the same as what you are using, that won't matter, the same principles apply to all DAWs. If it'll work in Pro Tools it'll work in Cubase. There may be some differences but really a noise gate is a noise gate, and a freq generator is a freq generator. Now you have the recipe.
And just for the sake of clarity compression IS the sound of drums, this is why a lot of guys still love recording drums to tape. Now that being said, it doesn't mean you just automatuically slam the hell out of every drum you ever record but, compression and drums go hand in hand.
---Rupert Neve
ANGELz REIGN Productions
Posted 17 February 2012 - 04:00 PM
I am sure I will be coming back here to refer to this thread as I go along.
Appreciate the links and will definitely check them all out. Seems like compression is really the key here so I will have to explore this more. Thanks for explaining more about that.
I stumbled upon some other pretty cool effects too last night - not all of which have to do with drums of course, but none the less it's interesting to delve into this world of effects just to see what they can do. I really like the stereo imager thingy!
Posted 20 February 2012 - 11:57 AM
Desertrose, on 17 February 2012 - 03:00 PM, said:
Parallel distortion can be really big for dance kick drums sounds. This is where you take a copy of the kick track, distort it, and blend it in with the original.
But you're stumbling into the world of audio engineering which is a big and terrible and exciting place.
Posted 20 February 2012 - 05:26 PM
Confusing and frustrating. BUT, I will keep trying. Doing a lot of experimenting here.
Just playing with EQ is daunting enough. Especially since it seems what I hear through my headphones is in complete contrast with what my speakers tell me so I'm never quite sure that what I consider a "decent" mix is going to sound like to everybody else, being that what THEY hear is largely dependent on what they are listening through.
Posted 20 February 2012 - 05:58 PM
Desertrose, on 20 February 2012 - 04:26 PM, said:
Ouch. You REALLY want something that you mostly trust to mix with. Do you at least mostly trust one of them? If not, you might consider investing some $ there...
For example, I have these and trust them pretty well except for the highest octave: http://www.bhphotovi..._Headphone.html
They sound fairly similar to my KRK V4s, and tend to translate. At work, I listen through Panasonic RP-HT360's and they tend to be a bit harsh and sibilant, so I know to be careful with that in my mixes.
Posted 20 February 2012 - 06:15 PM
The monitors make everything sound bottomy despite fiddling with the settings.
I'm constantly told by my other half (who was an audio engineer, but mainly in the live arena) to NOT mix through headphones but when I'm putting a song together, naturally I will adjust things to make it more pleasant to my ears when I'm composing. But - then when I go to actually mix it through monitors what I've adjusted has to be RE- adjusted because of the discrepancy and so generally speaking I'm just trying to guess how it's going to sound when other people play it.
Posted 21 February 2012 - 01:18 PM
Desertrose, on 20 February 2012 - 05:15 PM, said:
Why not mix through headphones?
Most people listen through headphones these days, I'll wager. It's a good idea to use both, but whichever one tends to be the most accurate and translate best would be my main device. If that's headphones, so be it. Obviously check on your speakers as well.
If everything sounds good through your headphones, I wouldn't necessarily trust them. I need an honest, detailed "look" at the mix, not a flattering one. Although you say your monitors make things "boomy"... does that mean if you play some commercial, well mixed music that you like through them, say, Poet and the Pendulum, it sounds "boomy" and bad? If so, there's clearly an issue with your monitoring there (be it the monitors or the room).
Anyway, make whatever gives you the most accurate picture (be it the 'phones or the monitors) your main mixing tool, and try to make your mixes sound as good as a commercial reference mix on both sources.
Any luck with your kick drum quest? If you post samples of what you have so far and discuss what you like and dislike about them, maybe we could help.
Posted 21 February 2012 - 04:28 PM
m24p, on 21 February 2012 - 01:18 PM, said:
Desertrose, on 20 February 2012 - 05:15 PM, said:
Why not mix through headphones?
The big one being that the stereo field is greatly enhanced and exaggerated. As well, details that you hear in headphones can very quickly be lost when the speakers aren't jammed right against your ears. And all headphones are different. A good pair of monitors, after you learn them, will give you a mix that will translate well to ALL systems. I consider myself a recording engineer worthy of a Nobel prize when I can get a mix that sounds good on my laptop.
My general recording plan, as far as listening and mixing goes, usually amounts to: track with headphones, listen/mix on headphones at medium volume, listen/mix on headphones at low volume, mix at low volume on my monitors (KRK Rokit-4's if you're wondering), mix/master at normal volume. Of course there's all kinds of tweaking going on at all stages, I'll often hear stuff in the vocals I want to fix only when I'm listening on the monitors.
It's always a good idea to have reference CD to compare your mix to (assuming you are interested in a "commercial" sort of mix). Just don't get obsessed with trying to match it identically, use it as...well...a reference lol Try and use a CD you know well in a similar genre, try to listen for what the individual instruments sound like on your speakers/monitors. But always make your song your own. Don't get hung up on trying to make it sound like the CD as you likely won't be able to without the same gear the studio had.
Posted 21 February 2012 - 04:46 PM
My husband reckons to check mixes (once it's done) it's a good idea to play things on the car stereo . I suppose a bit like playing things on a laptop - yeah! If you can get it sounding decent on that! (which I don't happen to have)just to get a feel for how it's going to sound when played back on a variety of sound systems.
I've abandoned the song I was working on when I first asked the question - but I'm still on the quest to learn how to improve drum sounds in general.
It would make things easier if I stuck to one genre where I used similar sounding drums but unfortunately I'm all over the place with writing.
The information given here though has provided some insight on at least where to start.
Posted 21 February 2012 - 04:57 PM
FunkDaddy, on 21 February 2012 - 03:28 PM, said:
m24p, on 21 February 2012 - 01:18 PM, said:
Desertrose, on 20 February 2012 - 05:15 PM, said:
Why not mix through headphones?
The big one being that the stereo field is greatly enhanced and exaggerated.
I could just as well say that the monitors diminish and underplay the stereo field. Both are valid, normal listening options, so the mix really needs to work on both. Because the stereo imaging of headphones is different than speakers doesn't mean it's inherently worse than monitors. Besides, you should be making sure your mix sounds good in mono anyway. The stereo field is icing on the cake.
As far as "hearing details", for my main mixing, I WANT to hear every detail. How else am I going to be able to notice subtle problems that will get exaggerated on some random playback systems? I prefer mixing through my monitors, but I'd be hard pressed to say mixing through 'phones is "bad". Obviously, you can screw mixes up either way...
Posted 06 March 2012 - 10:33 AM
m24p, on 21 February 2012 - 04:57 PM, said:
FunkDaddy, on 21 February 2012 - 03:28 PM, said:
m24p, on 21 February 2012 - 01:18 PM, said:
Desertrose, on 20 February 2012 - 05:15 PM, said:
Why not mix through headphones?
The big one being that the stereo field is greatly enhanced and exaggerated.
I could just as well say that the monitors diminish and underplay the stereo field. Both are valid, normal listening options, so the mix really needs to work on both. Because the stereo imaging of headphones is different than speakers doesn't mean it's inherently worse than monitors. Besides, you should be making sure your mix sounds good in mono anyway. The stereo field is icing on the cake.
As far as "hearing details", for my main mixing, I WANT to hear every detail. How else am I going to be able to notice subtle problems that will get exaggerated on some random playback systems? I prefer mixing through my monitors, but I'd be hard pressed to say mixing through 'phones is "bad". Obviously, you can screw mixes up either way...
Why not mix with headphones? Easy question. Simple answer...Because, you shouldn't.
Hearing an "Exaggerated Stereo Field" will not in any way help you to make a good mix. I'll ask another, and IMO more valid question;
Why would anyone want to hear anything from an Exaggerated point of view when trying to make a "balanced" mix?
why not tell the truth?
Properly set up monitors, in a well treated room don't lie to you as much as headphones do BUT, it seems as though, the wet-behind-the-ears salesperson at whichever MusicMart is busy telling everyone that this costs "Too Much."
Your playback system is where the lion's share of your recording budget should be spent. If you begin with all of the best of everything but, cheap it out on your playback system you've stepped backwards. THIS IS AUDIO so...How you hear the music you make is more vital than which DAW you choose to make it on. Believe otherwise IF you would like or do like chasing your own tail.
IF you'd rather spend $100 on a pair of 'phones rather than $1000 on a pair of decent monitors...consider this if logic will not persuade you otherwise...You get what you pay for.
Consider this as well...IF headphones are all that are needed to make a good mix, why are there still companies who build exceptional monitors? And, why are professional engineers STILL using them?
Look into a company called FOCAL. They make decent monitors for under $1000.
---Rupert Neve
ANGELz REIGN Productions
#21 Guest_Gravity Jim_*
Posted 06 March 2012 - 10:47 AM
Lzi, on 06 March 2012 - 10:33 AM, said:
Look into a company called FOCAL. They make decent monitors for under $1000.
I've never met a salesperson for any MI company that would tell you not to buy something because it costs too much: on the contrary, they often tell you not to buy something because it doesn't cost enough.
I'm sure Focals are fine. But don't forget that good near fields for under $1,000 a pair are also made by Genelec, Event, JBL, and Sonodyne (who makes a great 8" woofer nearfield that sells for something like $800 a pair).
Posted 06 March 2012 - 03:06 PM
Lzi, on 06 March 2012 - 09:33 AM, said:
m24p, on 21 February 2012 - 04:57 PM, said:
Hearing an "Exaggerated Stereo Field" will not in any way help you to make a good mix. I'll ask another, and IMO more valid question;
Why would anyone want to hear anything from an Exaggerated point of view when trying to make a "balanced" mix?
why not tell the truth?
What makes monitors the truth and headphones the lie?
Posted 06 March 2012 - 10:18 PM
FunkDaddy, on 17 February 2012 - 12:26 AM, said:
Heard this song on the radio the other day and it made me think of this thread, a fine example of what heavy compression does to the drum sound. I think it works perfectly for the song but it's definitely an acquired taste...
Posted 07 March 2012 - 05:05 AM
I didn't like the sound of it right in the start of the clip but then when the bass came in I had trouble deciphering where the kick drum was.
This just reminded me of how little I listen to music these days (except other writers songs on boards like these) The whole song just sounded really compressed. Though I always hated going to hard rock concerts with my other half and feeling the bass vibrate my organs I also, it appears, don't like music that doesn't seem to vibrate anything.
Posted 07 March 2012 - 10:49 AM
That's what I'm hearing anyways
#26 email@example.com_*
Posted 07 March 2012 - 11:26 PM
Posted 08 March 2012 - 02:07 PM
FunkDaddy, on 06 March 2012 - 09:18 PM, said:
Posted 09 March 2012 - 10:14 AM
Remove the kick track from a dance tune and listen...There is not much left besides the bass. Mute everything besides the kick/snare/vocal...LISTEN...Now, you should be hearing that a dance tune is mostly a MONO experience. In fact, the more you move away from MONO the less power your song will have. Everything that matters IS in the center...Kick/snare/bass/vocal...Mix so that this center is not a fuzzy mess of compounded frequencies all fighting for the same space. Forget about the keyboards parts, guitar parts etc.., these will all be panned hard left or hard right so do not worry aout them too much until your center is correct.
A dance mix should be an LCR (LEFT/CENET/RIGHT) mix BUT... the MONO center is everything.
Forget about soft panning (anything which isn't either 100% LEFT or RIGHT is considered to be "soft panned") anything except perhaps BVs (background vocals).
Compression is important but, be careful not to go overboard. Often the sound which you are hearing is not the sound of just one compressor. It is fairly standard practice to use a combination of compressors to achive the desired tonality.
Yes! The sound of the drums can and does change within an arrangement. The more subtle changes you have going on, the better. Music should be in a constant state of movement, never sitting still. Dynamics involve much, much more than simply volume.
The key to a poerful sounding dance tune is always SIMPLICITY. Get the center thumping, this is where that "GOLDEN" sound lives (for a dance record). How the low end relates to the high end is vital. Realize that nobody is really listening to the lyrics so, they don't have to be "the feature"...The beat IS the feature of a dance record (nobody really listens to the lyrics). IF lyrics are important to you then, write cathy hooks.
---Rupert Neve
ANGELz REIGN Productions


text:
April 26, 2013 —
As a result of several overdose deaths in Sullivan County last summer, the Sheriff's Gang and Narcotics Intelligence Unit has focused its enforcement efforts on identifying and arresting suspects involved in trafficking heroin.
On Wednesday (4/24/13) the latest suspect to get caught in the Sheriff's net was 37 year old Jonathan Akselrad of Loch Sheldrake. Akselrad, who was the subject of an eight week investigation, is alleged to have sold heroin on two occasions to an undercover deputy sheriff in the Town of Thompson.
On Wednesday he was arrested as he exited a Clinton Street residence in Monticello where he had been under surveillance by sheriff's deputies and the village police. Deputies searched Akselrad's apartment at 1181 State Route 52 in Loch Sheldrake and recovered 150 bags of heroin with a street value of approximately $3,000.
The Sheriff's Gang and Narcotics Intelligence Unit believes Akselrad was a supplier of heroin in Liberty, Monticello and the Fallsburg area. Sheriff Mike Schiff says the abuse of heroin continues to be responsible for the majority of the burglaries and other crime in Sullivan County.
"As we investigate and arrest the burglars, the people fencing stolen property and the drug dealers, it is appartent that they are all interconnected", said the Sheriff. Akselrad was charged with Felony Criminal Sale of a Controlled Substance in the Town of Thompson, Felony Possession of a Controlled Substance in the Village of Monticello and Felony Possession of a Narcotic with the Intent to Sell in the Town of Fallsburg.
The suspect was arraigned before Town of Thompson Judge Perry Meltzer who set bail at $100,000 for each of the three justice courts that Akselrad must appear in. Deputies took Akselrad to the Sullivan County jail to await his future court appearances.