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Most Cited Journal of Pragmatics Articles
The most cited articles published since 2011, extracted from Scopus.
Moment Analysis and translanguaging space: Discursive construction of identities by multilingual Chinese youth in BritainLi Wei
Volume 43, Issue 5, April 2011, Pages 1222-1235
Translanguaging is both going between different linguistic structures and systems and going beyond them. It includes the full range of linguistic performances of multilingual language users for purposes that transcend the combination of structures, the alternation between systems, the transmission of information and the representation of values, identities and relationships. Translanguaing space is a space for the act of translanguaging as well as a space created through translanguaging. It is a space where the process of what Bhabha calls "cultural translation" between traditions takes place. The notion of translanguaging space embraces the concepts of creativity and criticality, which are fundamental but hitherto under-explored dimensions of multilingual practices. Using a combination of observation of multilingual practices and metalanguage commentaries by three Chinese youths in Britain, the article retells their experiences of growing up in a society which is dominated by a variety of monolingual ideologies, their multilingual practices and the creativity and criticality shown through such practices, the identity positions they construct and present for themselves, and the social spaces they create and occupy within the wider space they find themselves in. It examines the following themes: fun with words, from weekend bilingualism to flexible multilingualism, creating space and cultivating relationships, and transnational space. In examining these themes, a method, called Moment Analysis, is proposed, which aims to capture what appears to be spur-of-the-moment actions that are semiotically highly significant to the actors and their subsequent actions, what prompted such actions and the consequences of such moments including the reactions by other people. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
The co-operative, Transformative organization of human action and knowledgeCharles Goodwin
Volume 46, Issue 1, January 2013, Pages 8-23
Focusing on a range of features that are central to the constitution of action, this article is an empirically based theoretical contribution to the field of research attempting to understand how human sociality is established and sustained. Human action is intensely, perhaps uniquely, co-operative. Individual actions are constructed by assembling diverse materials, including language structure, prosody, and visible embodied displays. Semiotically charged objects, such as maps, when included within local action, incorporate ways of knowing and acting upon the world that have been inherited from predecessors. New action is built by performing systematic, selective operations on these public configurations of resources. The way in which a single action encompasses different kinds of resources makes possible 1) distinctive forms of co-operative social organization as alternatively positioned actors contribute different kinds of structure to a single shared action (e.g., the talk of a speaker and the silent visible displays of hearer work together to construct a turn-at-talk and the utterance emerging within it); and 2) the accumulation and differentiation through time within local co-operative transformation zones of dense substrates that create a multiplicity of settings for action. Each setting for action must be inhabited by competent members who have mastered the culturally specific practices required to perform the activities that animate the lifeworld of a particular community. Through the progressive development of, and apprenticeship within, diverse epistemic ecologies, communities invest their members with the resources required to understand each other in just the ways that make possible the accomplishment of ongoing, situated action. Human beings inhabit each other's actions. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
"Can you see the cystic artery yet?" A simple matter of trustTimothy Koschmann | Curtis LeBaron | Charles Goodwin | Paul Feltovich
Volume 43, Issue 2, February 2011, Pages 521-541
As our contribution to this special issue, we examine how understandings of objects are talked and worked into being within concerted action. We will argue that formal procedure can serve as a resource in this regard. Procedures make relevant certain kinds of objects, objects that serve as its materials, tools, end-products, agents, etc. Our analysis traces all references to a particular object, the cystic artery, over the course of a surgery conducted at a teaching hospital. The arrangements of the operating theatre impose certain constraints on how the key participants, a surgeon in training, a faculty member and a medical student, were able to display and detect particular features of their material environment. Also, because of the surgery's status as a 'site of instruction,' a special set of accountabilities came into play during its performance. Talk was frequently seen to do both instructional and instrumental work. The team members were called upon to interpret the visual field in congruent ways and, more specifically, to strike agreements as to what would serve as salient objects for the purposes of the work at hand. The identification of the cystic artery was called into question and its thingness had to be renegotiated. We draw on Garfinkel's notion of 'trust' to describe the prospective/retrospective processes of referring to what comes to be the cystic-artery-for-the-purposes-of-this-surgery. We argue that procedure both determines and is determined by its objects. © 2010.
Separate and flexible bilingualism in complementary schools: Multiple language practices in interrelationshipAngela Creese | Adrian Blackledge
Volume 43, Issue 5, April 2011, Pages 1196-1208
Sociolinguists have long recognized that language is a social construct, and have found elusive any firm definition of what constitutes a language in relation to overlapping varieties. On the other hand, it is long established that language is recruited by nations, communities and individuals for its symbolic value and distinctiveness. Whereas the first of these positions views language as fluid and changing, with permeable boundaries, the second stresses the fixed, rigid nature of language. This paper describes how these two positions are played out in the multilingual contexts of four English cities, in complementary schools where young students learn Bengali, Cantonese, Gujarati, Mandarin, and Turkish. In the research reported here we observed a broad range of multilingual practices across a variety of settings in schools, and at the boundaries of school and home. From these practices we identify two seemingly contradictory positions in relation to participants' bilingualism: an ideology which argues for 'language separation' and one in which 'flexible bilingualism' flourishes as a practice. These two positions can be said to illustrate the dynamic tension described in sociolinguistic research, which has often viewed language as fluid and overlapping, while at the same time acknowledging language as a social construct which demarcates and reifies identities. The paper looks at how students and teachers simultaneously lived both 'separate' and 'flexible' positions, and navigated between them interactively and discursively. Our analysis suggests that relations between 'language' and 'ideology' are far from straightforward for the young people and teachers in complementary schools. The heteroglossic reality of multilingual practice, with its flexible movement across and between 'languages', is underpinned by the social structures of which such interactions are a part. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Understanding as an embodied, situated and sequential achievement in interactionLorenza Mondada
Volume 43, Issue 2, February 2011, Pages 542-552
This paper aims at outlining the sequential, situated and embodied dimensions of understanding in interaction. This perspective on understanding, originating in Ryle and Wittgenstein, further developed by ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, focuses on the orderly unfolding of sequences of actions in time. It also focuses on understanding as a collective achievement, publicly displayed and interactively oriented to within the production and the monitoring of action. Its accountability is built through a plurality of displays, claiming and demonstrating understanding, thanks to the mobilization of linguistic and embodied resources at specific sequential positions. The paper discusses evidences of understanding as they are publicly displayed by the participants in interaction: It both offers a discussion of the ethnomethodological and conversation analytic literature, and an analysis an empirical case, focusing on the interplay of embodied and sequential features in the production and monitoring of understanding. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Understanding understanding as an instructional matterDouglas Macbeth
Volume 43, Issue 2, February 2011, Pages 438-451
This paper takes up the unremarkable organizations of understanding-in-interaction that underwrite the sequential production of classroom instruction. These are the understandings that are prior to education's identifying interests in learning, knowledge and cognition. Out of view of its authorized topics and conceptualizations, the educational research literature tends to take no notice of them. Its eyes are fixed on the ceiling, never imagining the work of the walls. A collection of classroom materials exhibits the argument.22The metaphor of the ceiling and the walls was heard as a story from Harold Garfinkel. It went something like this: A homeowner became worried 1 day that his ceiling might simply fall in. What, after all, kept it up? Consultants were called in to assess the situation. They took measurements and soon returned with a first report: Though not yet sure just exactly how the ceiling keeps its place, of this they were certain: To fully understand the ceiling and its mysteries, they would first have to get these walls out of the way (See Garfinkel, 1967:22). © 2008 Elsevier B.V.
Accommodating (to) ELF in the international universityJennifer Jenkins
Volume 43, Issue 4, March 2011, Pages 926-936
This article takes as its starting point the fact that the majority of universities in which English is the medium of instruction perceive themselves to be deeply international. Firstly, the article considers the implications of being 'international' for academic language policies and practices, but observes that despite the diverse international composition of university student (and to a lesser extent, staff) populations, university language policies and practices are still grounded in largely national (British and North American) English norms. The article goes on to explore the relevance of the findings of research into English as a(n academic) lingua franca for multilingual academic communities, as well as for international academic journals. Finally, it considers the implications of ELF research for native English academics, and argues that as ELF gains acceptance, particularly among younger multilingual speakers, and as multilingualism becomes the global academic norm, native English speakers, especially the monolingual majority, are at risk of becoming disadvantaged when communicating in international settings. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Exhibiting understanding: The body in apprenticeshipJon Hindmarsh | Patricia Reynolds | Stephen Dunne
Volume 43, Issue 2, February 2011, Pages 489-503
This paper uses as its starting point a distinction made by Harvey Sacks between 'claiming' and 'exhibiting' understanding. In doing so, it explores some of the practices of producing and assessing claims and exhibits of understanding within discussions between student dentists and their supervisors. These are particularly interesting settings as the training episodes are not solely relevant to the work of formal education, but have consequence for the care of real patients attending the clinics. The paper focuses on the local, interactional resources that the supervisors draw on to assess understanding, resources that are not simply tied to the content of students' talk, but that also relate to the timing of the production of that talk and to the bodily conduct that accompanies it. The analysis is organised around a series of illustrative examples drawn from a corpus of audio-visual recordings in a student dental clinic. © 2009 Elsevier B.V.
Mock impoliteness, jocular mockery and jocular abuse in Australian and British EnglishMichael Haugh | Derek Bousfield
Volume 44, Issue 9, July 2012, Pages 1099-1114
Mock impoliteness in English has generally been approached in the context of theorising politeness or impoliteness. In this paper we undertake a cross-cultural, intra-English language sociopragmatic exploration of the way in which behaviour such as 'banter' is manifested, co-constructed and manipulated for social bonding purposes in both Australian and British varieties of English. The analysis focuses on explicating two particular interactional practices of banter, jocular mockery and jocular abuse, in male-only interpersonal interactions in (North West) Britain and Australia, and comparing the topics of such mockery and abuse. It is argued that jocular mockery and jocular abuse very often occasion evaluations of mock impoliteness, that is evaluations of potentially impolite behaviour as non-impolite, rather than politeness or impoliteness per se, and that these evaluations arise from a shared ethos that places value on "not taking yourself too seriously" It is also suggested such evaluations are cumulative and differentially distributed in multi-party interactions. For these reasons we suggest the mock impoliteness constitutes an social evaluation in its right rather than constituting subsidiary form of either politeness or impoliteness. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
"Please answer me as soon as possible": Pragmatic failure in non-native speakers' e-mail requests to facultyMaria Economidou-Kogetsidis
Volume 43, Issue 13, October 2011, Pages 3193-3215
The present study examines e-mail requests sent by Greek Cypriot university students (non-native speakers of English) to faculty at a major, English-medium university in Cyprus, over a period of several semesters. It examines forms of address (salutations), the degree of directness employed, and the degree and type of supportive moves and lexical/phrasal modifiers used by students in order to soften or aggravate their e-requests. Findings from the study have shown that the NNS students' e-mails are characterized by significant directness (particularly in relation to requests for information), an absence of lexical/phrasal downgraders, an omission of greetings and closings and inappropriate or unacceptable forms of address. This paper argues that such e-mails can be perceived as impolite and discourteous and therefore capable of causing pragmatic failure. This is primarily due to the fact that they appear to give the faculty no choice in complying with the request and fail to acknowledge the imposition involved. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Hedging and boosting in abstracts of applied linguistics articles: A comparative study of English- and Chinese-medium journalsGuangwei Hu | Feng Cao
Volume 43, Issue 11, September 2011, Pages 2795-2809
Hedges and boosters are important metadiscursive resources for writers to mark their epistemic stance and position writer-reader relations. Building on previous research that suggests notable cross-cultural and cross-linguistic differences in the use of hedges and boosters in academic discourse, this comparative study investigates the use of such discourse markers in academic article abstracts. Based on a corpus of 649 abstracts collected from 8 journals of applied linguistics, this study examines if hedging and boosting strategies differ (a) between applied linguists publishing in Chinese- and English-medium journals and (b) between authors of empirical and non-empirical academic articles. Quantitative analyses indicated that abstracts published in English-medium journals featured markedly more hedges than those published in Chinese-medium journals and that abstracts of empirical research articles used significantly more boosters than those of non-empirical academic articles. Textual analyses further revealed that the distinct patterning of hedges and boosters in Chinese and English abstracts had a joint, interactive effect on the authorial certainty and confidence conveyed therein. These results are discussed in terms of culturally preferred rhetorical strategies, epistemological beliefs, lack of facility in English as a second/foreign language, and the nature of supporting evidence drawn on for knowledge claims in different types of academic writing. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Overspecification facilitates object identificationAnja Arts | Alfons Maes | Leo Noordman | Carel Jansen
Volume 43, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 361-374
Referential expressions often contain more information than what is strictly necessary for unique identification of the entity the expression refers to. If this extra information slows down the identification process, then this would suggest a violation of one of the Gricean maxims in the category quantity. A perception experiment was conducted in which overspecification was defined exophorically as the elements of referential expressions that denote non-uniquely identifying information of entities in a particular task environment. In the experiment, identifying information either related to object characteristics (size, color, shape) or location (on vertical or horizontal axis). The results of the experiment provide information about the effect of overspecification on the identification time. Overspecified expressions lead to faster identification when they allowed the reader (i) to fully complete a mental image of the entity and (ii) to delimit search behavior to a specific part of the task context. Extra information about vertical location (top, bottom) proved more efficient than extra information about horizontal location (left, right). © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
L2 pragmatic development in study abroad: A longitudinal study of Spanish service encountersRachel L. Shively
Volume 43, Issue 6, May 2011, Pages 1818-1835
The present study examines L2 pragmatic development in study abroad, reporting on longitudinal research of service encounters recorded in situ between L2 learners of Spanish and local Spanish service providers in Toledo, Spain. The participants in the study were seven U.S. students who studied abroad for one semester in Spain. The data consist of naturalistic audio recordings that participants made of themselves while visiting local shops, banks, and other establishments. The study was longitudinal with recordings made at the beginning, middle, and end of the semester by each student, for a total of 113 recordings. Additional data included students' weekly journals and interviews with participants. The analysis focuses on openings and requests and examines the ways in which students' pragmatic choices shifted over time, considering the role of language socialization and explicit instruction in pragmatics in that development. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Disagreements, face and politenessMaria Sifianou
Volume 44, Issue 12, September 2012, Pages 1554-1564
Disagreement can be defined as the expression of a view that differs from that expressed by another speaker. Yet, in the relevant literature, disagreement is mostly seen as confrontational and should thus be mitigated or avoided. In CA terms, it is a " dispreferred" second. Similarly, in earlier politeness theories, disagreement is seen to verge on impoliteness. In contrast, recent research has shown that disagreement need not be seen only in negative terms, that is, it may not necessarily result in conflict and impoliteness, but can be a sign of intimacy and sociability and may not destroy but rather strengthen interlocutors' relationships.This paper suggests that disagreements are complex, multidirectional and multifunctional acts, which prevent straightforward labelling such as face-threatening/enhancing, (dis)preferred or (im)polite acts. There is inter- and intra-cultural variation depending on various contextual parameters. Significantly, interlocutors have personal traits and relational histories that predispose them to particular strategies and specific evaluations. The claim being disputed in any current interaction may have roots not just in previous turns of the same interaction but also in previous interactions and this should be taken into account when analysing discourse. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Pragmatic strategies in English as an academic lingua franca: Ways of achieving communicative effectiveness?Beyza Björkman
Volume 43, Issue 4, March 2011, Pages 950-964
This paper will report the findings of a study that has investigated spoken English as a lingua franca (ELF) usage in Swedish higher education. The material comprises digital recordings of lectures and student group-work sessions, all being naturally occurring, authentic high-stakes spoken exchange, i.e. from non-language-teaching contexts. The aim of the present paper, which constitutes a part of a larger study, has been to investigate the role pragmatic strategies play in the communicative effectiveness of English as a lingua franca. The paper will document types of pragmatic strategies as well as point to important differences between the two speech event types and the implications of these differences for English-medium education. The findings show that lecturers in ELF settings make less frequent use of pragmatic strategies than students who deploy these strategies frequently in group-work sessions. Earlier stages of the present study (Björkman, 2008a, 2008b, 2009) showed that despite frequent non-standardness in the morphosyntax level, there is little overt disturbance in student group-work, and it is highly likely that a variety of pragmatic strategies that students deploy prevents some disturbance. It is reasonable to assume that, in the absence of appropriate pragmatic strategies used often in lectures, there is an increased risk for covert disturbance. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Style contrasts, migration and social classBen Rampton
Volume 43, Issue 5, April 2011, Pages 1236-1250
Research on stylisation and language crossing often underlines the agency of speakers, but how do these practices fit into larger systems and structures? Drawing on two substantial datasets, this paper focuses on two pairs of contrasting styles - posh and Cockney, and Creole and Asian English - and its account of stylisation connects the ways that British adolescents engaged with these sociolinguistic contrasts to their experience of class, ethnicity and migration. Posh and Cockney were closely tied to class, and adolescent stylisations denaturalised class stratification. The Creole/Asian English binary linked to ethnicity and migration, and here, stylisation domesticated potentially divisive ethno-linguistic imageries circulating more generally in public culture. These reworkings of Creole/Asian English were grounded, though, in a shared working class position, and so although migration and ethnicity mattered a great deal, the structuring processes associated with class were more fundamental. This has wider implications for our understanding of contemporary multilingualisms. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Calibration in directive/response sequences in family interactionMarjorie Harness Goodwin | Asta Cekaite
Volume 46, Issue 1, January 2013, Pages 122-138
In the context of parent-child interaction we examine the syntactic, prosodic and embodied shape of directive response sequences used to launch, choreograph, monitor, and stall the ongoing progress of a routine communicative project (Linell, 1998) occurring across temporal and spatial dimensions. We explore directive/response usage in the goal-oriented routine activity (Weisner, 1998) of getting children ready for bed, a temporally anchored project that involves the movement of bodies through social space and transitions from one activity to another (Cekaite, 2010; M.H. Goodwin, 2006a,b). Dialogic and embodied characteristics of social action and accountability are demonstrated (1) through alternative grammatical formats for directives (declaratives, imperatives, interrogatives (formatted as noun phrases produced with rising intonation)) (2) as well as through the systematic ways in which participants overlay action within directive sequences with alternative forms of affect, touch, and mobility. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Talking like a 'zerolingual': Ambiguous linguistic caricatures at an urban secondary schoolJürgen Jaspers
Volume 43, Issue 5, April 2011, Pages 1264-1278
The purpose of this article is to show how subordinate groups such as minority language users can enjoy and employ the linguistic possibilities afforded by the unequal structures they live in. On the basis of ethnographically collected data on linguistic practices at a secondary school in Antwerp, Belgium, I will indicate how a group of ethnic minority students engaged in making ambiguous linguistic caricatures by stylizing incompetent or broken Dutch - what they called talking Illegal ('. Illegaal spreken', in Dutch). This appeared to be a contradictory practice: students talked Illegal as a way of faking incompetence and playfully but critically highlighting the contours of the unequal social frame surrounding them; at the same time such stylizations could also involve harsh stigmatization of classmates and help construct dominant positions on the classroom floor, and in this way they were reproducing and benefiting from the very structures they were critically highlighting on other occasions. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Credibility and trust of information in online environments: The use of cognitive heuristicsMiriam J. Metzger | Andrew J. Flanagin
Volume 59, Issue , January 2013, Pages 210-220
Networked digital media present new challenges for people to locate information that they can trust. At the same time, societal reliance on information that is available solely or primarily via the Internet is increasing. This article discusses how and why digitally networked communication environments alter traditional notions of trust, and presents research that examines how information consumers make judgments about the credibility and accuracy of information they encounter online. Based on this research, the article focuses on the use of cognitive heuristics in credibility evaluation. Findings from recent studies are used to illustrate the types of cognitive heuristics that information consumers employ when determining what sources and information to trust online. The article concludes with an agenda for future research that is needed to better understand the role and influence of cognitive heuristics in credibility evaluation in computer-mediated communication contexts. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Reference frames of space and time in languageThora Tenbrink
Volume 43, Issue 3, February 2011, Pages 704-722
To what extent do conceptual schemas underlying temporal language correspond to those of spatial language? This paper addresses this question by providing an overview of reference frames for space as well as time, building on and systematically extending earlier accounts. A consistent framework using simple spatial models is proposed, which integrates a range of previously underexplored complexities with respect to spatial language used in both static and dynamic settings, as well as aspects peculiar to time. The framework, which is based on English, allows for identifying and accounting for the relationship between spatial and temporal concepts systematically. Furthermore, it highlights the distinction between conceptually similar (spatial and temporal) structures reflected in language on the one hand, and metaphorical transfer of clearly spatially based concepts on the other. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Towards a linguistics of news productionPaola Catenaccio | Colleen Cotter | Mark De Smedt | Giuliana Garzone | Geert Jacobs | Felicitas Macgilchrist | Lutgard Lams | Daniel Perrin | John E. Richardson | Tom Van Hout | Ellen Van Praet
Volume 43, Issue 7, May 2011, Pages 1843-1852
This position paper sketches the contours of a linguistics of news production. It is argued that, until recently, linguistic interest in the news prioritized close analysis of news products at the expense of the production process. The current paper is aimed at consolidating a number of emerging research efforts which focus on the interplay of language use and journalism, media and society. First, we spell out what can be considered news and how this conceptualization supports a case for the analysis of the news production process. Next, we look to various fields in linguistics and discourse studies to detail some of the relevant methodological frameworks that can be incorporated in a linguistics of news production. Finally, we situate our production focus within the larger media research context and suggest how it can bring added value to ongoing efforts in four related fields outside of linguistics. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Im/politeness, social practice and the participation orderMichael Haugh
Volume 58, Issue , November 2013, Pages 52-72
Im/politeness is often conceptualised as the hearer's evaluation of a speaker's behaviour in discursive politeness research, representing the broader concern with the participant's perspective in current im/politeness research. Yet despite the importance afforded evaluations in such approaches, the notion of evaluation itself has remained, with just a few notable exceptions, remarkably under-theorised in pragmatics. In this paper it is proposed, building on work from discursive psychology and ethnomethodology, that im/politeness evaluations are intimately inter-related with the interactional achievement of social actions and pragmatic meanings vis-à-vis the moral order, and thus evaluations of im/politeness can be ultimately understood as a form of social practice. However, it is argued that an analysis of im/politeness as social practice necessitates a move away from a simplistic speaker-hearer model of interaction to a consideration of the broader participation framework ( Goffman, 1981) within which they arise, and the positioning of the analysts vis-à-vis that participation order. A key finding from close analysis of evaluations of im/politeness in interaction relative to these participation footings is that they are distributed, variable and cumulative in nature. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Complaints online: The case of TripAdvisorCamilla Vásquez
Volume 43, Issue 6, May 2011, Pages 1707-1717
Complaints have been studied from two major disciplinary perspectives. Whereas pragmatic approaches have tended to rely on data elicited via discourse completion tests (DCTs), more ethnomethodologically informed approaches have focused on naturally occurring talk in interaction. In addition, a handful of studies have examined written complaints, while fewer still have investigated complaints in CMC (computer mediated communication). In order to determine the extent to which CMC complaints display some of the defining characteristics of complaints as identified by previous research, a data set of 100 complaints (negative reviews of hotels on the website, TripAdvisor) was examined. The study found that a significant proportion of complaints tended to juxtapose overall negative evaluation with some positive appraisal, and that a similar proportion of the complaints made explicit reference to reviewer's expectations not being met. The study also found that complaints tended to occur as a speech act set. Whereas previous studies have found that complaints tended to co-occur with speech acts such as warnings or threats, in this particular context, complaints tended to co-occur more frequently with advice and recommendations. Finally, the study found that while the majority of the complaints on TripAdvisor can be considered indirect (or third party) complaints, there were nevertheless some examples that blur the direct/indirect dichotomy. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Ego-perspective and field-based frames of reference: Temporal meanings of front in Japanese, Wolof, and AymaraKevin Ezra Moore
Volume 43, Issue 3, February 2011, Pages 759-776
This article analyzes temporal frames of reference that are metaphorically related to experiences of movement and location. Two path-configured temporal frames of reference are distinguished, both of which employ a metaphorical front/. behind contrast: field-based (perspective neutral) and ego-perspective (perspective specific). Claims are illustrated with data from Wolof (Niger-Congo, West Africa), Japanese, and Aymara (Jaqi, South America). The paper focuses on a field-based analysis (akin to absolute) of deictically neutral uses of front/. behind terms, and defends it against a possible analysis as intrinsic. Front in the field-based frame of reference maps onto 'earlier', and behind maps onto 'later'. An ego-perspective frame of reference generally has the opposite orientation so that front maps onto 'future' and behind maps onto 'past'. Both of these patterns seem to be crosslinguistically typical. However, there is one well-documented case of ego facing the past-that of Aymara. I argue that in the Aymara system, ego's orientation is aligned with that of a field-based frame of reference: in Aymara the past is metaphorically in front of ego partly because the past is a special case of an earlier time that is metaphorically in front of a later time. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Pragmatic aspects of temporal accommodation in turn-takingŠtefan Beňuš | Agustín Gravano | Julia Hirschberg
Volume 43, Issue 12, September 2011, Pages 3001-3027
This study investigates the relationship between the variability in the temporal alignment of turn initiations and the pragmatics of interpersonal communication. The data come from spontaneous, task-oriented dialogues in Standard American English. In addition to analyzing the temporal aspects of turn-taking behavior in general, we focus on the timing of turn-initial single word grounding responses such as mmhm, okay, or yeah, and conversational fillers such as um or uh. Based on qualitative and quantitative analyses of temporal and rhythmic alignment patterns, we propose that these patterns are linked to the achievement of pragmatic goals by interlocutors. More specifically, we examine the role of timing in establishing common ground, and test the hypothesis that the degree of accommodation to temporal and metrical characteristics of an interlocutor's speech is one aspect of turn-taking behavior that signals asymmetrical dominance relationships between interlocutors. Our results show that dominance relationships linked to floor-control, as well as mutual common ground, are pragmatically constructed in part through the accommodation patterns in timing of turn-initial single word utterances. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.


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WECAN hosts an annual conference each February in Spring Valley, New York, and sponsors regional conferences throughout North America.
This year's East Coast Conference was a great success, with 385 participants from 5 countries, 24 states, and 3 Canadian provinces. Next year the conference is the SECOND weekend of February - February 10-12, 2017, with keynote speaker Susan Perrow (from Australia) speaking on the theme of therapeutic storytelling. Check this page for further information in the fall.
Each year, the WECAN February conference held in Spring Valley, New York, draws over 380 Waldorf early childhood educators to further their professional development, strengthen connections with colleagues, deepen the anthroposophical basis of the Waldorf early childhood work, and find artistic and social refreshment. Threefold Educational Center and Green Meadow Waldorf School provide the facilities for the annual conference.
Recent conference keynote speakers and themes:
2016 - Barbara Baldwin: Point and Periphery: Towards a Deeper Understanding of the Nature and Disturbances of the Senses
2015 - Dr. Adam Blanning: Nurturing the Sense of Life and Wellbeing in Young Children and the Adults Who Care for Them, Part II
2014 - Susan Weber, Ruth Ker, Patricia Rubano: Nurturing the Sense of Life and Wellbeing in Young Children and the Adults Who Care for Them, Part I
2013 - Renate Long-Breipohl: The Education of Feeling
2012 - Susan Weber and Philipp Reubke: Offering Support for the Incarnation Process
2011 - Nancy Blanning, Laurie Clark, Jane Swain: Movement — A Path Toward Freedom
2010 - Dr. Gerald Karnow: Deepening Our Capacities to Meet the Children in Our Care
We are grateful to our sponsors, supporters, and individual donors for their support.
Sponsors and Supporters of the 2016 conference were:
Center for Anthroposophy
Research Institute for Waldorf Education
Sunbridge Institute
Camp Glen Brook
Camphill Special School
Danish Woolen Delight
The Fellowship Community
Rudolf Steiner Centre Toronto
Sophia's Hearth Family Center
ing Edicions
The Art of Acting at Threefold Educational Center
West Coast Institute
When I AM, you can grow.
What is our inner attitude and what are we willing to do in supporting the child from birth? Shaping the environment, upbringing and care in the first three years of life.
At no other age is the human being so eager to learn and yet at the same time so malleable as in the years from birth to the age of three. So much with regard to their destiny, health, and subsequent biography as a whole is dependent on whom children encounter and how the will to incarnate lying within them is perceived and finds the necessary support.
Click here for more information.
Major upcoming regional events will be listed below as information becomes available. Please see our online calendar for more.
Waldorf kindergartens and early childhood programs in North America: see if there is a program in your area.
Find a program >
Visit our Facebook page for links to news and research, upcoming events, updates from WECAN members, and more!Visit our page
See the newest books available in our store.New Books
©2016 Waldorf Early Childhood Association of North America. All rights reserved.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Weekend Dish: 9/10/2011
Happy weekend folks! And for any other football fans out there, happy opening weekend of the NFL season! I'm definitely ready for some football, as well as game day food. Be sure to check out my 150 Best Fall Recipes – there are oodles of awesome hot dips and appetizers that are perfect for munching on while you're watching the game. This is my third year playing fantasy football with my boyfriend and some of his family and friends, which is always a great time. On top of that, I'm also in another all-girl food blogger fantasy football league this year. How fun! I'm playing with Tracy from Sugarcrafter, Dara from Cookin' Canuck, Tracey from Tracey's Culinary Adventures, Elle from Elle's New England Kitchen, Jen from My Kitchen Addiction, Jackie from The Spicy Lens, and Marie from Meandering Eats. Looking forward to fall, football, and lots of fun!
As always, you'll find a recap of what was posted to the site this week as well as some bookmarked recipes from other blogs. Enjoy!
On Brown Eyed Baker This Week
150 Best Fall Recipes – A roundup of all of my favorite recipes for the fall season.
Chunky Peanut Butter Cookies – Big, thick and chewy peanut butter cookies made with chunky peanut butter and loaded with tons of chopped peanuts.
My Fall Baking To-Do List – A list of recipes I hope to tackle this fall, plus a few new kitchen toys I'm looking forward to buying.
Congo Bars – An adaptation of blondies – chock full of toasted coconut, with semisweet and white chocolate chips, as well as pecans.
Most Viewed Post This Week: 150 Best Fall Recipes
What I Bookmarked This Week
Recipes from other blogs that I thought looked especially delicious and that I thought you would like too:
Bourbon Peach Hand Pies (use real butter)
I love hand pies (my apple hand pies always get rave reviews!), and this peach and bourbon version sounds to-die-for.
Breakfast Potato Hash (A Communal Table)
An awesome breakfast casserole with potatoes, eggs and cheese that looks totally delicious.
Cheesy Bacon Ranch Pull Apart Bread (Buns In My Oven)
I recently made friends with a cinnamon-sugar pull apart bread that I now absolutely adore. Substituting cinnamon and sugar with cheese, bacon and ranch sounds like a superb idea. YUM!
Fig Tart with Amaretto Pastry Cream (KarmaCucina)
An absolutely gorgeous way to enjoy a bounty of fresh figs.
Peanut Butter Chocolate Cheesecake Bites (The Craving Chronicles)
The ultimate combination of my favorite sweet foods, yum!
Have a delicious weekend!
11 Responses to "The Weekend Dish: 9/10/2011"
Thanks for sharing some fab links!
I would like $100 to go to my daughter's spanish immersion elementary school. Each year the parents raise money to provide each classroom with a native spanish speaking aid. With the super tough economy in Michigan, funding is at an all time low (and so are donations). Your contribution could help a teacher provide much needed assistance in a classroom. Thanks!
I want to make Congo Bars too. I haven't had one in many years. There was a post about them awhile back on Leite's Culinaria and David and I were talking about them. I used to get them at this small movie theatre in Cambridge, MA when I was a college student. They showed mainly foreign films. It is no longer there. It was privately run and the owner had congo bars in the snack bar. I had never had one before then and they were excellent. I couldn't find a recipe for years. Now i have 2. I have to make them. They bring back such great memories.


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realmagick.com The shrine of knowledge.
Dream Of Lying
A selection of articles related to dream of lying.
Original articles from our library related to the Dream Of Lying. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Dream Of Lying.
- A History Of Dreaming - From Ancient Egypt To Modern Day
- Dreams have been an important part of the human experince since time immemorial. Fragments of the earliest books come from Egypt, where dreams were considered to be the messages sent from the gods. The Egyptians divided their dreams into three categories: 1....
Parapsychology >> Dreams
- Hulse, David Allen
- From an early age, David Allen Hulse has made a diligent study of the alphabets of the ancient world. Even as a child, David possessed a great affinity for the alphabets of Egypt, Phoenicia, and Greece. In college, a reading of MacGregor Mathers' Kabbalah...
Real Interviews >> Authors
- Hulse, David Allen
- >From an early age, David Allen Hulse has made a diligent study of the alphabets of the ancient world. Even as a child, David possessed a great affinity for the alphabets of Egypt, Phoenicia, and Greece. In college, a reading of MacGregor Mathers' Kabbalah...
Real Interviews >> Authors
- A Treatise on Astral Projection, Part 4: More Rope Techniques
- ROPE is a very effective projection technique, but it still has to be learned to be effective. I would like to elaborate on a couple of points about the technique, inspired by the feedback I have received so far. There is NO visualization required - AT ALL -...
Parapsychology >> Astral Projection
- What does it mean if I have nightmares about being ill?
- According to a report from the Menninger Clinic Detecting cancer in dream content . Horton PC, Child Guidance Clinic for Control Ct., Meriden, CT, USA. A woman was 3 years post mastectomy when she presented a dream whose manifest content suggested a new...
Parapsychology >> Dreams
- King James Bible: Genesis, Chapter 41
- Chapter 41 41:1 And it came to pass at the end of two full years, that Pharaoh dreamed: and, behold, he stood by the river. 41:2 And, behold, there came up out of the river seven well favoured kine and fatfleshed; and they fed in a meadow. 41:3 And, behold,...
Old Testament >> Genesis
- A Treatise on Astral Projection
- There are certain aspects of the astral dimension and the projection process that are very complicated. Much of it is misunderstood and it can all be very confusing at times. This series of articles attempts to shed a little light on the subject, and...
Parapsychology >> Astral Projection
Dream Of Lying is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Dream Of Lying books and related discussion.
Suggested News Resources
- Missouri woman who hid in attic says fatal attack on her husband 'keeps
- Pablo Antonio Serrano-Vitorino surrendered when officers found him lying in a muddy spot near I-70. He was armed, but no one was hurt ... She said she plans to continue her husband's dream of opening the track for RC cars.
- Jack English, the last of the mountain men, dies at 96
- Eager to escape his parents and chores — this was during the Depression — he explored the broad succession of ridges and canyons lying between the coast and the Salinas Valley, the remote and pristine Ventana Wilderness.
- Tashaun Gipson left Cleveland so he can win — in Jacksonville
- "I'd be lying if I sat here and said after the 2014 season that I envisioned myself playing in another uniform other than Cleveland. But God has a funny way of showing things .... Same goes for the "Dream team" Eagles.
- Island of Dreams
- By the time that first conversation was over, Phil had planted the seeds of a bowhunting dream that took root in my mind, and I knew it was only a matter of time before I'd be bound for Kiwi Country.
- The Strangest Travel Predictions That Never Came True
- While this is an exciting development in the realm of space tourism, I'm a bit dubious about how much this announcement actually matters (especially to those without a few million dollars lying around).
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.
Dream Of Lying Topics
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Villa Sant'Uberto Country Inn - Radda in Chianti
Villa Sant'Uberto Country Inn is located right in the heart of the Chianti Classico area, where the very well-known "Gallo nero" wine is produced. It is a few kilometers away from Castellina and from Radda in Chianti, on a splendid panoramic hill. The farm has been restructured respecting the typical Tuscan style and transformed into a charming Country Inn located in a 25 hectares large woodland, where quiet and nature dominate, and surrounded by olive groves.
Recreational activities in the Chianti area and on site include golf, bicycle rental, running, swimming (on site), hiking (on site), horse riding, scooter rentals, mountain biking, and fishing. This cozy and enchanting inn offers comfortable and elegant rooms and apartments, all tastefully furnished in the typical ancient Tuscan style, with wrought-iron beds and each of them with a different color and furniture. Amenities and services available include swimming pool, Wi-Fi, Parking, multilingual staff, fireplace in lobby, room service, concierge services, and safe-deposit box at the front desk.
Villa Sant'Uberto Country Inn is the perfect retreat after a walk through the woods, a visit to Chianti Classico's cellars or a day spent sightseeing in the nearby cities of Florence, Siena, and San Gimignano. Villa Sant'Uberto Country Inn an oasis of peace and quiet will become your home in Chianti.
Villa Sant'Uberto Country Inn - Radda in Chianti
Hotel Info: 1-877-214-4288from $67
- Classic Apartment
- Double room standard
- Standard Single Room
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 11 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 2 floors
- Check-in time 2 PM-2 AM
- Check-out time is 11 AM
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- One child (3 years old and younger) stays free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding
- Pets not allowed
Extra people
- Roll-away beds available, charges may apply*
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free self parking
- RV/bus/truck parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
In the hotel
- Free breakfast
- Bar/lounge
- Coffee shop/café
- Snack bar/deli
- Room service (during limited hours)
- Beach umbrellas
- Beach towels
- Outdoor seasonal pool
- Outdoor pool
- Free use of nearby fitness center
- Hiking/biking trails on site
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- Golfing nearby
- Mountain biking nearby
- Scooter/moped rentals nearby
- Pool sun loungers
- Pool umbrellas
- 24-hour front desk
- Concierge services
- Luggage storage
- Multilingual staff
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Rooftop terrace
- Garden
- Picnic area
- Fireplace in lobby
In the room
- Ceiling fan
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Individually decorated
- Individually furnished
- Private bathroom
- Shower only
- Bidet
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Satellite TV channels
- Desk
- Free WiFi
- Daily housekeeping
Special features
DiningSnake Bar - Overlooking the pool and garden, this café specializes in regional cuisine and serves breakfast and light fare. Guests can order drinks at the bar and enjoy alfresco dining (weather permitting).
Villa Sant'Uberto Country Inn - Radda in Chianti's small print
Also known as
- Sant'Uberto Country Inn
- Villa Sant'Uberto Country
- Villa Sant'Uberto Country Inn
- Villa Sant'Uberto Country Inn Radda in Chianti
- Villa Sant'Uberto Country Radda in Chianti
- Villa Sant'Uberto Country Inn Radda In Chianti, Italy - Tuscany
All guests, including children, must be present at check-in and show their government-issued photo ID card or passport.
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 2999.99, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation.
This property's policy is to refuse certain bookings for the purpose of group events or parties, including pre-wedding stag/bachelor and hen/bachelorette parties.
Mandatory fees
You'll be asked to pay the following charges at check in or check out:
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 1.00 per person, per night. This tax does not apply to children under 15 years of age.
Optional extras
Cribs/Infant beds are available for EUR 11 per night
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.


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Only 5 Left in Stock. Buy Soon!
Free Delivery on Orders Over £40
within Great Britain(excluding extended areas)
Product Information:
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Birdhouse for the bulletin with zinc roof.
Product Details
Weights & Dimensions
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|Bird House Design: Feeding Station
About the ManufacturerFallen Fruits has been trading, business to business, for 20 years. The company is based in Ludlow, Shropshire and supplies high quality garden giftware nationally and internationally.
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Application Deadlines
Round 1: September 21st, 2016
Round 2: January 4th, 2017
Round 3: April 5th, 2017
Northwestern University's Kellogg School of Management offers a top-notch business education setting. Kellogg's faculty possess a wealth of knowledge in an academic and business setting. Kellogg's curriculum provides a solid educational foundation and couples it with more than 1,000 experiential learning opportunities.
Kellogg's program is highlighted by students gaining mastery in multiple disciplines, a truly customized curriculum, access to 37 exchange programs across 20 countries, and a top-rated career services and placement program. Kellogg boasts more than 120 student-led clubs and sending graduates to more than 500 companies world-wide.
A foundation of nine core courses in fundamental subjects such as accounting; management and organizations; marketing; finance; managerial economics; decision sciences; operations; and management and strategy is placed during the first year. During the second year, students have the opportunity to customize and choose from 18 different majors to focus on. One elective course must be completed in an international setting.
Throughout the educational experience, students can take advantage of Kellogg's world-renowned Career Management Center. The Center offers one-on-one coaching for students, job search resources and workshops, a job board with more than 5,000 annual listings, as well as extensive alumni connections.
Ranking Analysis:
Among the top 25 business schools, the biggest news is that Northwestern University's Kellogg School of Management is beginning to show improvement under Dean Sally Blount who took over the school in July of 2010. Her new leadership team has turned the business school upside down, rethinking every aspect of the MBA program and the entire institution. Kellogg rose two places to finish fifth this year, jumping over MIT Sloan and Columbia on Poets&Quants' 2012 composite list. That puts Kellogg directly behind Harvard, Stanford, Chicago, and Wharton. Pretty elite company.
The school moved forward on the basis of improvement in two key rankings: U.S. News & World Report and The Financial Times. U.S. News ranked Kellogg fourth in 2012, up from fifth a year earlier. More importantly, perhaps, the school moved up two places among the best U.S. schools in the FT survey, rising to ninth from 11th in 2011. Kellogg showed even greater upward movement on the FT's full global ranking, rising five spots to 16th in 2011 from 21st a year earlier. The school ranked seventh in Forbes' 2011 list (Forbes, which ranks school solely on the basis of the return on investment of their MBA, did not publish a list in 2012).
As is often the case with rankings, what one source gives another can often take away. The Economist ranked Kellogg 13th among U.S. schools in 2012, down one place from 12th a year earlier. Kellogg also slipped one notch in Bloomberg BusinessWeek's 2012 ranking to fifth from fourth in 2010. Behind that overall rank, BusinessWeek, which measures schools on the basis of graduate satisfaction, corporate recruiter sentiment and the publication of academic research by professors, hands out rankings for all three of those metrics. The school maintained its fourth place ranking among recruiters, improved its intellectual capital ranking to 24th from 28th two years earlier, and slipped in graduate satisfaction–possibly because of all the changes going on at the school.
In graduate satisfaction, Kellogg ranked 13th, down from sixth in 2010. Blount, however, has put a former McKinsey partner in charge of the MBA program and that person, Betsy Ziegler, has put a laser-like focus on improving satisfaction and trying to exceed the expectations of MBA students. That effort is bound to payoff the next time BusinessWeek surveys Kellogg students in 2014. As one Class of 2012 MBA summed up the experience on a BusinessWeek survey: "Kellogg teaches you to reach deep inside yourself and do some "discovery" during the business school process. For me, that meant learning subjects that I had little experience in (Finance, Marketing). For many others it means leading teams and learning to manage processes. Kellogg teaches you how to work in a team with diverse and highly talented individuals and how to achieve great results through collaboration."
B-School Smack Down Reports:
Kellogg vs. Chicago's Booth School of Business
Kellogg vs. Michigan's Ross School of Business
Student Perspectives:
My Story: From the Social Network to Kellogg
MBA Program Consideration Set:
Stretch Schools: Harvard, Stanford, Chicago, Wharton
Match Schools: Columbia, Dartmouth, MIT Sloan, Berkeley
Safety Schools: Duke, Virginia, New York University, Michigan, Yale
Watch our video: A Conversation With Legendary Kellogg Dean Don Jacobs
The 2014 and 2015 Employment Reports only include data from the 1Y, MMM and 2Y programs. This differs from previous years' employment reports, which included data from the 1Y, MMM, 2Y, JDMBA, MDMBA, PT OCR and Sponsored populations.
Relevant Features:
Kellogg's New MBA Gatekeeper
Kellogg To Shrink Two-Year MBA Program
Kellogg Dean Sally Blount's 'Brave' New Strategy
The First 100 Days of a New Kellogg Dean
A Conversation With Legendary Kellogg Dean Don Jacobs
Booth Topples Kellogg in New Executive MBA Ranking
MBA Applications Fall at Kellogg and Booth
Consulting Hires A Record Number of MBAs From Kellogg
B-Schools That Churn Out Consultants
A Harvard MBA Gives Kellogg The McKinsey Treatment
Note: MBA Program Consideration Set: If you believe you're a close match to this school–based on your GMAT and GPA scores, your age and work experience, you should look at these other competitive full-time MBA programs as well. We list them by stretch, match and safety. These options are presented on the basis of brand image and ranking status as a general guideline.


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Sick and Tired: Regular audits would curb corruption
Auditors from outside government should examine state agencies' books regularly. That seems like common sense.
But in West Virginia, audits are conducted only after cause for concern surfaces or new people are elected or appointed to head agencies. That can lead to unpleasant revelations such as earlier this month, regarding the state Department of Agriculture. There, legislative auditors uncovered a suspicious $5 million loan program. The U.S. Attorney's Office is looking into it.
State Attorney General Patrick Morrisey has suggested agencies – and even the Legislature itself – should be subjected to regular audits. "People in West Virginia are sick and tired of this culture of corruption that infests state government," Morrisey commented.
Morrisey is right. Legislators should order regular audits to ensure the public's money is being spent appropriately – and legally.


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There are certain diseases that have a social stigma around them and one of them is herpes. Herpes is a condition that is caused by the herpes simplex virus. It happens that it is a contagious disease that causes vicious blisters to form around the mouth and in other parts of the body.
Because of the reputation that this disease has, it is important to recognize this condition against others that take place in the same area by learning the signs and symptoms of herpes.
Early Symptoms Of Herpes
The condition has some competition in that there are other skin diseases that take place in the same area, that are often mistaken for herpes. A trained eye will be able to tell, between this and a severe rash. This is around on the face however, when it comes to the genitals, it can be worst. As a sexually transmitted disease (STD), here are some of the early herpes symptoms that you want to watch out for.
ñ Outbreak – This is on the surface of the skin, and it could be a small or large one.
ñ Swollen Glands – This is usually a sign of an infection.
ñ Painful Urination – In some specific cases, this is more apparent from intercourse
ñ Itching and Burning – This is most common around the face or genitals.
It generally can take a matter of weeks before these symptoms will show up and in some cases, you may only get the outbreak before you know that you have it.
Prominent Signs And Symptoms Of Herpes
This is when things become unbearable. The herpes simplex virus has been lying dormant in the nerve endings where the outbreak begins to happen. The blisters that form are itchy and they burn so you're constantly scratching. The blisters get worst until they become lesions which (depending on the severity) will turn into open sores and they can get infected.
Since there is always a worsened version of the condition, there are times when they can form puss. Picking and scratching at them will only make them worst. If you touch another part of your body that is not affected than you will only spread the virus to that area.
Symptoms Of Oral Herpes
The symptoms of oral herpes are going to have the same impact but they are generally going to be around the mouth, If this is where the infection has decided to form. The sores will be around the lips. You have to make sure that your hands are always clean and that you hold back the urge of touching the blisters, but there are treatments that will clear up the blisters. Unfortunately however, this is only on the surface are the virus is still in the same area and will stay there permanently.
Currently, there are new advances in the research that will stop the spread of the virus by resurfacing in people who already have it. A form of suppression, and while this is hopeful, it is always recommended to stay protected.


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NRPA has been accepted
into the Monarch Joint Venture, a partnership of national and regional
organizations, universities, and governmental agencies all working to protect
and conserve the monarch.
Earth Day is the day dedicated to creating awareness for a healthier and more sustainable environment. So just how do park and recreation agencies participate in Earth Day every day?
Parks play a huge role, not only during Earth Week, but every week to protect natural resources and encourage conservation practices so that we have the opportunity to enjoy and learn about the environment.
The opinions of NRPA blog contributors don't necessarily reflect the editorial position of National Recreation and Park Association as a whole.
22377 Belmont Ridge Road Ashburn, Va 20148-4501 800.626.NRPA (6772) ©


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I wish Stephanie Meyer would finish Midnight Sun i dont care about this other book i just want her to finish MS the part she has finished is awesome !!!!!!!! I wish there was a way to try to get her to finish and publish it any ideas?
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Obama: Netanyahu has yet to 'rebut' value of Iran talks
Israel's leader had not offered "any rebuttal" to his administration's argument for the success of Iran nuclear talks, Obama said. More ▸
Israel's leader had not offered "any rebuttal" to his administration's argument for the success of Iran nuclear talks, Obama said. More ▸
Ten Senate Democrats told President Barack Obama they would not push for an Iran sanctions vote until after a midway deadline in Iran talks. More ▸
Even stalwart Washington allies quietly said that the Israeli prime minister would have done better to consult with them before accepting an invitation to address Congress. More ▸
It's deja vu all over again for the Kirk-Menendez sanctions bill as hopes of ushering it through Congress hit opposition from President Obama and Nancy Pelosi. More ▸
The White House and Rep. Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) said the proximity of Israel's elections rendered inappropriate official events with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. More ▸
The diplomats agree with President Barack Obama that new sanctions could scuttle nuclear talks. More ▸
The Israeli intelligence agency's stance runs opposite the view of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who favors added sanctions. More ▸
On Iran sanctions, Robert Menendez goes there — all the way to Tehran, where he says the Obama administration is getting its talking points. More ▸
President Obama said in his State of the Union address that he will veto any new Iran sanctions. More ▸
The talks with Iran have been extended, giving Congress an opportunity to wield its influence. More ▸
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"Yacht Stellar" : Pricing & Availability
Fiji Safaris: The Ultimate Fiji Surfing Experience
2016 Charter Availability
Availability Upon Request
All Prices in US Dollars.
4 nights:
2pax: $2,500 per person; 3pax: $1,833pp; 4pax: $1,500pp; 5pax: $1,300pp; 6pax: $1,167pp
5 nights:
2pax: $3,125 per person; 3pax: $2,292pp; 4pax: $1,875pp; 5pax: $1,625pp; 6pax: $1,458pp
6 nights:
2pax: $3,750 per person; 3pax: $2,750pp; 4pax: $2,250pp; 5pax: $1,950pp; 6pax: $1,750pp
Extra Nights
2pax: $625 per person; 3pax: $458pp; 4pax: $375pp; 5pax: $325pp; 6pax: $292pp
Yacht Stellar Package inclusions:
- Accommodation onboard yacht Stellar - 2 double cabins + 2 single cabins or 3 doubles w/Ensuite bathrooms ( walls can be removed)
- All Meals and snacks plus non-alcoholic beverages ( including bottled water)
- Alcohol can be purchased on behalf of guests as an addition expense.
- Use of all onboard equipment including fishing and snorkeling gear also paddle board.
- Skipper, deck hand and cook/hostess.
- Waterman and Surf Guide Steele Jones (New Zealand)
- Access to Fiji's best surf:
- The Mamanucas: Cloudbreak, Restaurants, Namotu, Wilkes, Desperations, and other more secret locations
- The Coral Coast: Frigates Passage, Hideaway, Sigatoka, Serua, Vunanui, Natadola
- The Yasawas: Secret spots
- Kadavu: Nagigia, Vesi, Typhoon Alley, and other secret spots
- Lau Group*: The Lau group opens up endless opportunities to see the most untouched of all the Fijian islands for surfing and cruising.
- North Vanua Levu/Great Sea Reef*: Receives North swells in Opposite season best December to February
* These locations are 1-2 days sail from Nadi and will require a minimum 10 night charter.
Steele Jones, your skipper and Fiji surfing guide, has been surfing Fiji for over 20 years. The more time spent here the more locations he found. From perfect barrelling pits to more mellow longboard type waves. Fiji surfing has it all, and we know where these waves are. Our Fiji surfing charters can be tailored to suit your needs and ability. Surfboards can be provided upon request.
Transfers can be arranged prior to charter at an additional cost.
© 2016 Wavehunters Surf Travel, Inc. is a registered California Seller of Travel, C.S.T. Registration # 2060272-40. WAVEHUNTERS SURF TRAVEL . all rights reserved | Privacy Policy


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Gildan Men's Sweatshirt: 50/50 DryBlend Hooded Full-Zip (G126)
Item # GILD12600
Product Information
- This men's sweatshirt is made from 9.3-oz. 50/50 cotton/polyester DryBlend fleece.
- DryBlend fleece is enjoyably soft, attractive, and dry with its anti-pill, moisture-wicking yarns.
- Add a screen printed message and save!
The convenience of a full zipper, the warmth of a hood, the softness of poly-cotton, and the quick-dry performance of DryBlend make this Gildan men's sweatshirt an everyday essential. Wear it for work uniforms, sports gear, or home lounge wear, because this versatile sweatshirt always fits into the situation. Plus, the sweatshirt won't pill and has a smooth fabric, so it's an ideal candidate for custom screen printing or embroidery.
Sizes:Small, Medium, Large, X-Large, 2X-Large, 3X-Large
Colors:6 color(s) available (see below)
In stock
Regular Price: $78.96
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Product Reviews:2 users rated out of 5 stars
High Quality! - Joe D
Provides excellent visibility while walking. - Joe D
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Originally Posted by momandmore2
MamaMonica--I hadn't heard of that book, but dh has. It's on our wish list. I totally understand about land prices and jobs. But you're right, most cities are pretty scary places if an oil crisis should occur--esp. those with large suburban areas without any central/community spaces. We've just started looking into intentional communities. That'd be the way to go if oil (and therefore food) became scare. I'm just not sure we'd like a closed community per se, as many of these are; we'd rather just be in a small town surrounded by like-minded people who are interested in sharing resources and talents. But how to find such a place? That's our biggest challenge right now . . .
Originally Posted by zinemama
Hey all you would-be homesteaders! Check out this really interesting book. Dh and I both read it and really enjoyed it.
Back From the Land: How Young Americans Went to Nature in the 1970's and Why They Came Back by Eleanor Agnew.
Agnew was a back-to-the-lander who moved from Boston to rural Maine with her family. It's a great read.
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Underwater Observatory Unlocks Ocean Secrets
Watch this two-minute video for a sneak peek at an underwater observatory that could revolutionize oceanography.
Watch this two-minute video for a sneak peek at an underwater observatory that could revolutionize oceanography.
In Washington state, wolves and deer are playing out a high-stakes game of cat-and-mouse that could have profound impacts on the ecosystem. Watch the video and find out what conservationist, Fred Koontz has to say about the need to protect "the big bad wolf."
Discover the surprising connection between sea otters, kelp forests, and our quest to slow the progress of climate change.
Scientists and researchers are turning to new and innovative online funding methods to pay for their projects. And the public is buying in.
In Washington state, a river once known for its abundant salmon run is getting a second chance. The Elwha River dams, which decimated salmon populations and profoundly altered the ecosystem, are coming down and hopes are high that salmon will return.
A prehistoric approach to livestock management could help revive dying grasslands and combat climate change.
In the search for greater efficiency, green builders are looking to nature for answers.


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Four Eyes by Gemma Correll
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Sheesh, if it isnt here to view, what is the point of advertising it?
Four Eyes…So it is either about a kid with glasses, or a 'serious' strip about a couple who spy on people.
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Photo Galleries »
The day in photos
Oct. 9: Cops battle paint, colorful book fair, cookie monster
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A 1st century AD marble statue of Emperor Trajan towers over journalists visiting the exhibition 'Roma Caput Mundi (Rome Capital of the World) - Hegemony and Integration' during a preview for the media at the Colosseum in Rome, Tuesday, Oct. 9, 2012. The exhibition explores the political and cultural expansion of the Roman empire aiming to provide the general public with a multifaceted view of the Roman world. Over a hundred artifacts will be visible inside the Colosseum and the Roman Forum from Oct. 10, 2012 through March 10, 2013. (AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis)
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« Ten Ways to Encourage Vocational Stewardship in Your Church | Main | Americans' 90% tax rate »
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That console is so cool. I know my $20 remote is probably more powerful than that prototype console. And my iphone definitely is. But sitting at that console you are not just making entertainment choices you are the captain of a spaceship.
Did you catch that opening byte about "free time." Assume that is what he was talking about just before this segment. What happened to all the free time and leisure that was to be part of the future. 4 day work weeks and retirements at an early age never materialized for the middle class.
And it would be nice to have some of that optimism and excitement about the long term future? Is there anybody influential today talking about how cool things are going to be 34 years down the road like Cronkite was in 1967?
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Tom Buk-Swienty: 1864: The Forgotten War That Shaped Modern Europe
Robert Bryce: Smaller Faster Lighter Denser Cheaper: How Innovation Keeps Proving the Catastrophists Wrong
Bonnie Yochelson and Daniel Czitrom: Rediscovering Jacob Riis: Exposure Journalism and Photography in Turn-of-the-Century New York


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DETAILSFind out what crazy cool cars our readers are building in our hot Build Threads section.
DETAILSOur project Ford SVT Focus has found a purpose in life: Rallycross.
DETAILSWe win the Central Florida Region SCCA rallycross season championship.
DETAILSOur ramp truck towed two cars for the first time. How did it fare?
DETAILSDo you go nuts over numbers and nitty-gritty details? Subscribe to Grassroots Motorsports and get all that good stuff in our mailbox.
Current Project Cars
2003 Ford SVT Focus
We picked up this SVT Focus for a paltry sum of $3500. The catch? It has 250,000 miles on the clock. It's been well-maintained all its life, and came with ...
1996 Mazda Rotary Miata
Will a turbocharged rotary engine from Mazda's RX-7 fit into a Miata? One of our departed forum members wanted to find out, and now we're finishing his project to fund ...
2012 Ford Mustang GT
The Mustang has pretty much always been a great bang for the buck, and it fit the bill perfectly for our next project objective: competing in SCCA Classic American Muscle ...
This one-family, two-owner, 150,000-mile example was purchased nearly new in 1998 by Associate Publisher Joe Gearin's dad.
2015 Mini John Cooper Works
When given the opportunity to foster one of the new MINI John Cooper Works, how could we say no? So, our question: Does it live up to its promise by ...
1973 Ford F-350 Ramp Truck
The Classic Motorsports van has seen over 200,000 miles. Realizing we can't expect it to last forever, we have kept our eyes open for other event support vehicles. Then we ...
2016 Mazda MX-5
We got our hands on the brand new fourth generation (ND chassis) Mazda MX-5. With this car we will explore what takes this roadster from great to unbelievable.
Would BMW's E36-chassis M3 be more fun with a giant V8? Let's find out.
1994 KBS Eclectus
In a quest to return to SCCA Solo Nationals, we obtained a 1994 KBS Formula 500 car to run in the F Modified class.
1992 Mazda Miata - Sunburst Yellow
This Sunburst Yellow Miata--one of 1519 built--was advertised for $700 on our message board. When we went to pick it up, the seller didn't have a title. So we got ...
1987 Mercedes-Benz 300SDL
Every situation doesn't necessarily call for a sports car. Our commute, for example: it's a long, straight, bumpy, boring road. Nobody wants to drive that in a Miata every day, ...
2014 BMW M235i
After driving an M235i around for one of our new car reviews, we decided we just had to have one as a project car. We picked this one up straight ...
2003 Nissan 350Z
We've always liked Zs, and now we have one of our own. This bottom-of-the-market 350Z is destined to be more than just another used car.
1991 Nissan 240SX
We think we found the last stock S13-chassis Nissan 240SX on the planet.
1984 Porsche 911 Carrera
Wondering what it's really like to live with an air-cooled Porsche 911? We find out.
1994 Mazda Miata Turbo
The fastest Miata in our fleet.
2012 Chevrolet Volt
The Chevrolet Volt has been called such disparate things as "the most technologically advanced car on the road today at any price" and "an utter, miserable failure." Clearly, we had ...
1991 Isuzu Trooper
Essentially a Japanese Land Rover, this Isuzu Trooper was purchased bone-stock less than a mile from GRM Headquarters and currently does triple-duty as a daily driver, parts hauler, and off-road ...
2006 Honda Ridgeline
Completed Project Cars
2013 Factory Five 818
After letting our readers design the Factory Five 818, we'll be building the first production kit. Follow along on our website as we find out what it really takes to ...
2013 Volkswagen Beetle TDi
You may already know that we've added a controversial Chevy Volt to our long-term fleet to explore what alternative drivetrains mean to the future of enthusiast cars. Well, Volkswagen challenged ...
2005 Mini Cooper
Per and Kim get a 2005 Chili Red MINI and have *way* too much fun.
2002 Mini Cooper S
This particular Cooper S was originally going to compete in SCCA's Street Modified autocross class, but we ended up making a track car out of it--and learned a lot about ...
1992 Honda Civic Si
Our 92 Civc Si was a workhorse for us
1991 BMW 318is
We supercharged our little 318is and turned it into one sweet little car.
1989 BMW 325is
Club Editor Scott R. Lear is campaigning this '89 325is in NASA's Spec E30 class.
1984 Mercedes-Benz 300SD
This aging oil-burner was bought on a whim for $300. Can we drive an S-Class for used-Neon money?
1977 Saab 99
Our '77 Saab 99 is destined for rally dirtiness.
1959 Berkeley Sports
Can we turn a tiny 46 year old FWD British sports car chassis into a fire breathing rocket? Stay tuned for further installments, and find out.


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The Society for News Design invites you to join us for the 39th SND Annual Workshop & Exhibition, spring 2017, celebrated in Charlotte. Click here for the event's official website, with program details and special events coming soon.
The Society for News Design announced in October 2015 that it would bring its annual workshop and exhibition to Charlotte, NC in April 2017. We're excited to bring hundreds of visual journalists, artists, designers and art directors to the Queen City.
Inclusiveness and diversity have always been — and will continue to be — at the core of The Society's values, its mission, and its vision.
With that in mind, we are actively monitoring North Carolina General Assembly House Bill 2, a bill that was recently passed by the state to repeal a pro-LGBTQ ordinance approved by the Charlotte City Council. SND supports Charlotte's explicit anti-discrimination policy.
As hosts of this event, we assure you that the SNDCLT team will make the Society's values clear to whomever we negotiate with about venues, equipment, catering and everything else required to make our annual workshop a safe, comfortable environment for our entire membership.
SND uses a secure site for credit card transactions and does not share personal or credit card information in adherence with federal privacy regulations.
For SND members: (as well as ACES, AIGA, NABJ, NAHJ, AAJA, SPJ, StoryCode and ONA members)
Workshop registration + membership – save 10%:
For nonmembers:
For students & educators:
For our sponsors:


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State-owned dairy products company LB Bulgaricum EAD will move its production base from Sofia to Vidin in a bid to stimulate the economy in Bulgaria's northwestern region.
Vasil Zografov, Executive Director of the state-owned dairy processing company, explained Thursday that LB Bulgaricum would only keep the production of starter cultures and cultures for functional food products in Sofia.
Zografov, as cited by the Bulgarian Telegraph Agency (BTA), made clear that LB Bulgaricum would move to Vidin thanks to funding under a project worth around BGN 6 M of the Competitiveness Operational Program which the company had won several months ago....
It also means 'someone' can take over their fantastically located HQ on Saborno
Direct Investment into Bulgaria on the Rise Y/Y
A Third of Bulgarians Facing Energy Poverty


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Apeks announces sponsorship with first ever cave camp
Apeks, the UK's leading manufacturer of scuba diving equipment is proud to be the main sponsor of the first ever Cave Camp...
Basking Shark & Wildlife Film
Basking Shark Scotland have released their 2015 film on Facebook. The team had their best basking shark year yet, with...
Diving with Diabetes
Read this important article about diving with Diabetes written by Doctors Chris Edge, Mark Glover and Phil Bryson which...
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The latest SCUBA Magazine newsletter is out with exciting news and offers from some of our partners, check it out here: http...
Prince William marks his new role as BSAC President
Yesterday (10th July 2014), The Prince of Wales and The Duke of Cambridge met the next generation of scuba divers at a...
Website and smartphone APP aims to give a boost to Seahorse conservation
Simply put, iSeahorse is a tool for seahorse science and conservation. iSeahorse harnesses the power of 'citizen scientists...
Win with O'Three
This year O'Three celebrates 25 Years in business – a huge milestone for any company and one that they are determined to...
Book your next adventure with Regaldive
Book early for 2015 It's never too early to book your next diving adventure! Diving Holiday Specialists Regaldive have just...
NEW Liveaboard: Dive the legendary Galapagos with blue o two
NEW Liveaboard: Dive the legendary Galapagos with blue o two With the Galapagos Islands growing in popularity as a top dive...
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Amazing new video online now
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Great new video
A great new video from our friends at Magmadive is on our videos page now.
Complete the SCUBA Reader Survey for your chance to win a prize
Two years ago, BSAC launched its own member magazine, SCUBA. This new magazine was created in response to BSAC members'...
New video from Narkedat90
I've just added a brand new video from our friends at Narkedat90.
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All of us here at SCUBA towers are proud to announce that the very special BSAC 60th anniversary issue of SCUBA magazine has...
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The SCUBA destinations page has been updated. Take a break from the cold weather and click here to plan your next trip.
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Just posted on our video playlist is a great new movie from Suunto. Check it out here: www.scubamagazine.co.uk/videos
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Looking for that elusive Christmas gift idea for that hard to buy for relative? Head over to the new Magazine café website...
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Community Accountability Report Card
This report examines DPS' accomplishments over the last school year (2012-2013) with respect to implementation of the 2008 discipline policy and, most importantly, articulates what remains to be done in order to make DPS the district its students and families deserve. The information in this report comes from publicly available data and the stories and voices of youth from across the city. It was shaped by members of Jóvenes Unidos who
care deeply about the future of their education and who feel that district employees must take more responsibility to fully implement the 2008 discipline policy and new state law.
Based on the evidence gathered, we have provided DPS with its own annual report card on the implementation effort.


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An analytical method to calibrate a camera's extrinsic parameters and effective focal lengths is presented. We used a single image with four coplanar control lines. Unique solutions of the camera's extrinsic parameters and the two effective focal lengths are derived linearly and analytically. If the effective focal lengths are known, unique solutions of the extrinsic parameters can be derived more easily. Our method can easily be implemented and has better precision than the analogous method by use of control points. The results of simulated experiments are presented.
© 2004 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article


text:
Time for government to get tough
In an extract from his bestselling book, security expert Bruce Schneier calls for legal reform to curb the activities of hackers...
This Article Covers
Risk management
In an extract from his bestselling book, security expert Bruce Schneier calls for legal reform to curb the activities of hackers
At first glance cyberspace is no different from any other piece of our society's infrastructure: fragile and vulnerable. But the nature of the attacks is very different.
Oklahoma bomber Timothy McVeigh had to acquire the knowledge, go to a farm and practise, rent a truck, fill it with explosives, drive to a federal building, set the fuse, and get away. Mass murderer Harold Shipman had to build a medical practice in Greater Manchester and meet his patients. Both criminals had to get close to their targets, put themselves at risk, get in, get away, make mistakes. And they had to know what they were doing.
Cyberspace is different. You can be elsewhere, far away from the site you are attacking. You can have no skill, nothing more than a software package you downloaded from some website somewhere. And you do not even have to put yourself at risk.
An ethical hacker could describe a vulnerability on the internet, a criminal hacker with fewer ethics could write an exploit that demonstrates the vulnerability, and then someone with no skill or ethics could use it to break into computers.
A student could write a worm that infects 10 million computers, and costs £5.5bn in damage, time, and lost productivity. Or maybe there is a website in some badly policed country that includes a Java application: "Click here to bring down the internet".
In the late 19th century, French sociologist Emile Durkheim postulated that anomie - a disregard for accepted social and moral standards - led people to become criminals. You can extend his arguments to the hacker psychology we are seeing now: no one is connected to anyone else, people feel anonymous behind their handles, and there are no repercussions to actions; this leads some people to do anti-social things. The miasma of the internet virtually guarantees it.
Technology alone cannot prevent this, just as it could not prevent McVeigh or Shipman. Both of them were captured, and others were dissuaded, by security processes: detection and response. In the case of Shipman, the detection and response processes were well known, and although he got away with his massacre for decades, forensic techniques figured out what happened, investigative techniques figured out who did it and laws punished the guilty.
There are no technical solutions for this social problem. Laws are vital for security. If someone invented the unpickable door and window lock or the perfect burglar alarm system, no one would turn around and say, "We do not need police or those obsolete breaking and entry laws."
If the history of criminal activity has shown anything, it is the limits of the technology. We need tough and up-to-date laws to prosecute people who engage in electronic commerce fraud, computer trespassing, and theft, or people who write the tools that facilitate these crimes.
We can deploy the best technology we can to prevent them from doing it in the first place. We can deploy the best technology we can to detect their crime after the fact. But we are going to have to rely on guards to catch them and the judicial system to convict them. We can make it as hard as possible for a marketing firm to collect data on people, but we need laws to prosecute the infractions.
In short, we need to ensure that people put themselves at risk when committing crimes in cyberspace.
A revised paperback edition of Secrets and Lies: Digital Security in a Networked World, by Bruce Schneier was published this year by Wiley priced £11.99
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David W. TonneNovember 29,2012David W. Tonne Rites
BARRE The graveside service for David W. Tonne, 56, was held Monday, Nov. 26, 2012, in the Elmwood Cemetery in Barre. He died Nov. 19, 2012, at the Berlin Health and Rehabilitation Center.
The Rev. Paul Ciampaglia of the Northfield Bible Fellowship led the service.
Arrangements were under the direction of the Hooker and Whitcomb Funeral Home in Barre.MORE IN ObituariesDonald F. Full StoryDonald F. Jones
Poultney Donald Frederick Jones, 76, died Oct. Full StoryCharles M. Sherman
Charles Merrill Sherman, 98, of Rutland, died Monday, Oct. Full Story
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LYNDHURST - Five people were injured in a crash involving an overturned ambulance and several other vehicles in Lyndhurst.
The crash was reported just before 1 p.m. Monday near the intersection of Ridge Road and Second Avenue.
Police say the ambulance, which was responding to a traffic accident on Ridge Road, was struck by an SUV, and then hit a car carrying a 90-year-old woman and her aide, according to the Cliffview Pilot. The ambulance landed on its side against a parked car.
The two EMTs were transported to University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey in Newark.
The senior citizen was taken to St. Mary's Hospital for treatment. Her 63-year-old aide, and the driver of the SUV, believed to be in his 20s, were transported to Hackensack University Medical Center, the Pilot reported.
Ira Stern is thankful he was eating lunch inside when the ambulance overturned landing on and crushing his car. "At least I wasn't in the car, or going to the car," he says. "I was going to be going in 10 minutes."
No patients were in the ambulance at the time of the crash. None of the injuries are said to be serious or life-threatening.
Lyndhurst firefighters and EMS workers were joined by colleagues from Rutherford and other towns.
No word yet on any charges filed against any of the drivers. Bergen County Prosecutors and County Sheriff's officers are assisting in the investigation.