text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|28 Nov 1995
|Filing date
|12 Nov 1993
|Priority date
|12 Nov 1993
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Thomas G. Rukavina, John B. Slobodnik
|Original Assignee
|Ppg Industries, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (25), Non-Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (24), Classifications (24), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates generally to the art of electrochromic cells, and more particularly to the art of transparent electrochromic devices comprising plastic substrates, most particularly to the art of bonding electroconductive metal oxide films to plastic substrates.
Conventional electrochromic cells comprise a thin film of a persistent electrochromic material, i.e. a material responsive to the application of an electric field of a given polarity to change from a high-transmittance, non-absorbing state to a lower-transmittance, absorbing or reflecting state and remaining in the lower-transmittance state after the electric field is discontinued, preferably until an electric field of reversed polarity is applied to return the material to the high-transmittance state. The electrochromic film, which is both an ionic and electronic conductor, is in ion-conductive contact, preferably direct physical contact, with a layer of ion-conductive material. The ion-conductive material may be solid, liquid or gel, but is preferably a polymer layer. The electrochromic film and ion-conductive layers are disposed between two electrodes.
As a voltage is applied across the two electrodes, ions are conducted through the ion-conducting layer. When the electrode adjacent to the electrochromic film is the cathode, application of an electric field causes darkening of the film. Reversing the polarity causes reversal of the electrochromic properties, and the film reverts to its high transmittance state. Typically, the electrochromic film, preferably tungsten oxide, is deposited on a glass substrate coated with an electroconductive film such as tin oxide to form one electrode. The counter electrode has typically been a carbon-paper structure backed by a similar tin oxide coated glass substrate or a metal plate.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,174,152 to Giglia et al. discloses electrochromic devices wherein the polymeric electrolyte material is a hydrophilic copolymer of a selected acrylate or methacrylate monomer and a selected acid group containing monomer, e.g. 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,938 to Giglia discloses electrochromic devices having a layer of tungsten oxide in contact with a layer of organic electrolyte resin comprising a hydrophilic layer of homopolymer of poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) with electrode means for changing electrochromic properties of the device. A conventional electrochromic device is described as having a transparent electrochromic electrode comprising a glass substrate with a conductive tin oxide layer and an electrochromic, e.g. tungsten oxide, film; a pigmented, ion-conducting medium layer comprising a self-supporting layer of ion-conductive polymer having a pigment dispersed therein; and an opaque counter electrode such as carbon paper.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,361,385 and 4,478,991 to Huang et al. disclose electrochromic devices having a layer of electrochromic tungsten oxide in contact with a polymeric electrolyte wherein the stability and speed of the device are improved by using a copolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and vinyl sulfonic acid as the polymer electrolyte. An electrochromic film on an electrode is prepared by evaporation of an amorphous film of tungsten oxide onto a glass substrate coated with conductive tin oxide. The polymer mixture is cast, dried and hydrated in contact with the electrochromic film, and then a second electrode consisting of paper-carbon is pressed against the polymer layer with a second tin oxide coated glass plate backing the carbon-paper electrode.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,554,319; 4,609,703 and 4,670,350 to Rukavina disclose novel copolymers of acrylic acid and cyanoethylacrylate, including terpolymers with hydroxyethylacrylate, useful as primers for bonding metal-containing coatings to organic polymer substrates.
The present invention comprises novel primer compositions to bond an electroconductive film to a surface of a polymeric substrate, particularly for an electrochromic article further comprising an electrochromic film, an ion-conductive layer, a complementary electrochromic film, and a second polymeric substrate, also bearing the primer of the present invention which bonds an electroconductive film to a surface thereof. The present invention provides primers comprising copolymers of acrylic acid and substituted acrylates such as methyl methacrylate, which promote adhesion of electroconductive metal oxide films on polymer substrates, and which also enable the electroconductive films to resist cracking under high humidity conditions and thermal gradients.
FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device incorporating the novel primer compositions of the present invention. Cross-hatching is used to differentiate the various layers only and not to represent any material of construction; nor is the width of an illustrated layer in the figure indicated by the thickness of such layer.
Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown an electrochromic device 1 comprising polymeric substrates 10 and 20. On one surface of substrate 10 is disposed primer layer 11 on which an electroconductive film 13 is deposited. Film 13 has deposited on its surface electrochromic layer 15. Similarly, polymeric substrate 20 has a coating of primer layer 12 on which is deposited electroconductive film 14. Electroconductive film 14 has deposited on its surface complementary electrochromic layer 16. The two halves of the electrochromic device 1 are joined by ion-conductive polymer electrolyte 18 to form a laminated article.
The polymeric substrate primed with the compositions of the present invention is preferably a transparent material suitable for forming lenses which may be used in eyewear. The polymeric substrate may be a low refractive index (about 1.5) material, a relatively high (about 1.6) refractive index material, or a mid-range (about 1.55) refractive index material, depending on the end use. Polycarbonate and polyacrylate substrates may be used. A preferred low index material for lenses is a polymer prepared from diethylene glycol bis(allylcarbonate), specifically a polymer prepared from CR-39� monomer, a product of PPG Industries, Inc. For eyewear, each lens preferably is no more than about 1 millimeter thick so that the electrochromic laminated article has a total thickness not more than about 2.1 to 2.2 millimeters.
The electroconductive film is preferably a transparent thin film of metal or metal oxide, preferably, tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide or tin-doped indium oxide, commonly referred to as ITO (indium/tin oxide), preferably comprising a weight ratio of about 90:10 indium and tin. The film thickness is preferably in the range of 2000 to 4000 Angstroms for acceptable conductivity. The electroconductive film may be deposited by a variety of methods so long as the polymeric substrate is not deleteriously affected. High temperature pyrolyric methods typically used to deposit electroconductive films on glass are not suitable for plastic substrates. A preferred method of depositing ITO on plastic is direct current sputtering, particularly magnetron sputtering (MSVD). However, the adhesion of MSVD electroconductive metal oxide films to plastic substrates is not generally adequate for electrochromic devices of the present invention.
The primer of the present invention is disposed at the interface of the plastic substrate and electroconductive film to provide adequate adhesion of the electroconductive film to the plastic substrate, as well as to prevent crazing and/or cracking of the plastic or the electroconductive film. The primer of the present invention is an acrylate copolymer, preferably a copolymer of acrylic acid and a substituted acrylate such as cyanoethylacrylate, hydroxyethylacrylate or methyl methacrylate. Preferably, the substituted acrylate is methyl methacrylate, and the molar ratio of acrylic acid to methyl methacrylate is from about 3 to 1 to 1 to 3. The primer composition preferably comprises a free radical initiator such as azobis(isobutyronitrile). The primer is preferably applied to the substrate surface as a solution in organic solvent by dip, spin, spray, flow or other conventional application technique. The organic solvent is then evaporated and the primer cured at slightly elevated temperature. The solvent may be 1-butanol, cyclohexanone, acetone, or mixtures of such solvents, and is preferably 1-butanol and/or 1-propanol. The solution preferably includes a curing catalyst, such as dibutyltindilaurate (DBTDL) or uranyl nitrate. A preferred method of applying the primer is to dip a plastic lens into a primer solution, dry, cure, and subsequently polish the primer off the surface not coated with electroconductive film. The thickness of the primer is preferably in the range of about 0.01 to 0.50 microns, more preferably about 0.29 to 0.46 microns for optimum adhesion. The linear polymer is preferably crosslinked with cycloaliphatic diepoxides such as 2-[3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy] cyclohexane-metadioxane; bis[3,4-epoxycyclohexyl] adipate; and 3,4-epoxycyclohexyl-3,4-epoxy-cyclohexane-carboxylate.
Two primed and electroconductive film coated plastic lenses are paired to form an electrochromic device in accordance with the present invention. One of the pair is further coated, over the electroconductive film, with a layer of electrochromic material. Of the various known electrochromic materials, tungsten oxide is preferred. The tungsten oxide may be deposited by thermal evaporation of tungsten oxide, but is preferably deposited by direct current (dc) magnetron sputtering of tungsten in an oxidizing atmosphere. The thickness of the tungsten oxide film is preferably in the range of 3000 to 5000 Angstroms. The tungsten oxide is in the clear state as deposited.
The other lens is preferably further coated, over the electroconductive film, with a layer of complementary electrochromic material. Of the various known complementary electrochromic materials, iridium oxide is preferred. The substrate to be coated with iridium oxide is electrochemically reduced, so that the iridium oxide as deposited is in a reduced state. The iridium oxide is preferably deposited by radio frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering. The thickness of the iridium oxide film is preferably in the range of 300 to 800 Angstroms.
After the two substrates have been primed, electroconductive film coated and electrochromic film coated, the pair are assembled to form a cell. Between the coated surfaces is disposed a layer of polymer which bonds with both surfaces to form a laminated article. The polymer is preferably an ion-conductive polymer electrolyte. In accordance with the present invention, the polymer electrolyte is preferably a proton-conducting polymer. Homopolymers of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS� - a registered trademark of Lubrizol) and copolymers of AMPS with various monomers may be utilized in the form of preformed sheets which are laminated between the substrates, or in the form of liquid reaction mixtures which are cast and cured in place. A preferred proton-conducting polymer electrolyte in accordance with the present invention, is a copolymer of AMPS and N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), preferably cast and cured in place. The thickness of the polymer electrolyte is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.025 inch (0.0254 to 0.625 millimeter), more preferably 0.005 to 0.015 inch (0.127 to 0.381 millimeter).
The AMPS/DMA copolymer proton-conductive electrolyte is preferably cast in place as a solution of monomers in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and water. The solution preferably comprises an initiator to polymerize the monomers upon exposure to actinic radiation, preferably ultraviolet (UV) light. Preferred UV initiators include benzoin methyl ether and diethoxyacetophenone. The monomer solution may be poured between two electroconductive and electrochromic coated polymer substrates assembled together with a 0.015 to 0.02 inch (0.381 to 0.508 millimeter) Teflon� spacer held in place with commercially available sealant, e.g. Torr Seal� from Varian Vacuum Products. For a pair of lens substrates, the monomer solution may be poured onto the concave surface of one lens and the convex surface of the other lens may be placed over the monomer solution, thus forming the monomer solution into a thin film. Exposure to UV light sufficient to cure the polymer electrolyte is typically about 30 minutes for a mercury lamp and about 1 to 3 minutes for a xenon lamp. UV inhibitors to protect the polymer from long term exposure to solar radiation may be used if the polymer contains appropriate UV initiators for curing upon exposure to long wavelength UV radiation.
The resultant electrochromic lens is generally crack-free with insignificant haze (0.3 to 0.4%). The electrical connections to the electrochromic device are preferably made with electronic conductive bus bars. The optical transmittance at 550 nanometers is typically about 75 percent in the bleached state and a minimum of about 3 percent in the darkened state in the voltage range of from about +1.5 to -1.5 volts for a charge in the range of about 23 to 29 millicoulombs per square centimeter (mC/cm2).
The present invention will be further understood from the descriptions of specific examples which follow:
A solution of 1 mole of hydroxyethylacrylate, 1 mole acrylic acid, and 1 mole of 2-cyanoethylacrylate was prepared in cyclohexanone solvent at a 25 percent solids concentration. To this solution was added 0.05 percent azobisisobutyronitrile by weight of the monomers. The solution was sparged with nitrogen for 15 minutes and the reaction mixture heated to 90� C. for 24 hours under inert atmosphere. The oligomer solution was then diluted to a 10 percent solids solution. To this solution was added a stoichiometric amount of 2-[3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy] cyclohexane-metadioxane to react all of the carboxylic acid groups and the hydroxyl moieties derived from hydroxyethylacrylate. A surfactant (FC-430 from 3M) was added at 0.05 percent by weight of the solution along with 0.1 percent of dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst for the cycloaliphatic epoxy/hydroxyl/carboxylic acid reaction. Two 70 millimeter diameter, 2 millimeter thick 6 base plano lens substrate of polymer based on CR-39� monomer (PPG Industries, Inc.) was dip-coated in the above solution. The solvent was evaporated and the film cured at 180� F. (about 82� C.) for 8 hours to form a terpolymer primer layer.
An electroconductive coating of indium/tin oxide (ITO) was then deposited onto one surface of these substrates by direct current (dc) magnetron sputtering at a temperature of 140� F. (60� C.). The thickness of the indium/tin oxide (ITO) layer was about 2600 Angstroms.
The electrochromic materials, tungsten oxide and iridium oxide, were separately vacuum deposited onto the electroconductive primed substrates by thermal evaporation and radio frequency (rf) sputtering techniques respectively. The deposition conditions for thermal evaporation of tungsten oxide included a base pressure of 5�10-5 Torr. A voltage of 1.1 kilovolts (kV) was then applied to the evaporation boat of tungsten oxide for fifteen minutes; the deposition rate was 7 nanometers per second (nm/sec). The terminating thickness was 3700�500 Angstroms. A glow discharge consisting of an argon gas plasma was then applied to the surface of the tungsten oxide film for fifteen minutes. The plasma exposure was found to improve the adhesion of the electrochromic film to the ion conducting polymer electrolyte.
Sputtering of iridium oxide was performed using an iridium target 2.87 inches (7.29 centimeters) in diameter with the distance to the substrate being six inches (15.24 centimeters). The base pressure of the chamber was 2.5�10-5 Torr. The gas composition was 100 percent oxygen, with a pressure of 2�10-3 Torr. The rf power was 75 watts (W) for a duration of eight minutes. The resulting thickness was approximately 400 Angstroms. Again, a glow discharge consisting of an argon gas plasma was applied to the surface of the iridium oxide film for fifteen minutes.
Following the vacuum depositions of the above layers, the WO3 /ITO/primer/polymer substrate was electrochemically charged in 0.1 normal hydrochloric acid (HCl); the accumulated charge was approximately 23 millicoulombs per square centimeter (mC/cm2). The electrochemical pre-conditioning was accomplished under galvanostatic conditions, where the applied current was 1.5�10-3 amps. The iridium oxide/ITO/primer/polymer lens was not electrochemically treated.
The two lenses were assembled with their coated surfaces in facing relationship, spaced 0.020 inch (0.508 millimeter) apart by means of a Teflon� spacer. A solution comprising 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-sulfonic acid (AMPS�) and N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and water, with diethoxyacetophenone UV initiator was cast into the cavity and polymerized by means of exposure to ultraviolet light for 30 minutes.
Electrical connections to the electrochromic lens were made with copper tape and were insulated with Teflon� tape. The electrochromic lens darkened to 18 percent transmittance upon application of +1.2 volts for 2 minutes and completely bleached to 58 percent transmittance upon application of -0.5 volts for 1.5 minutes.
A cyanoethylacrylate/acrylic acid copolymer (mole ratio 0.5) was prepared via free radical polymerization using a 25 percent by weight monomer solution in a solvent mixture of 50/50 cyclohexanone/acetone. Azobisisobutyronitrile was used as the initiator at a concentration of 0.05 percent by weight of the solution. The reaction was sparged with nitrogen for 15 minutes and the reaction mixture heated to 90� C. for 24 hours under inert atmosphere. The solution was then diluted to 10 percent solids using the same solvent. To this solution was added a stoichiometric amount of 2-[3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy] cyclohexane-metadioxane to react all of the carboxylic acid groups. A surfactant (FC-430 from 3M) was added at 0.05 percent by weight of the solution along with 0.1 percent of dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst for the cycloaliphatic epoxy/hydroxyl/carboxylic acid reaction. The solution was diluted to 10 percent solids with 50/50 cyclohexanone/acetone. The solution was applied to a polymer substrate formed from CR-39� monomer, and cured for 8 hours at 200� F. (93� C.).
A copolymer of 1 mole of methyl methacrylate and 3 moles of acrylic acid was prepared in 1-butanol at 25 percent by weight monomer concentration. Azobisisobutyronitrile was used as the initiator at a concentration of 0.05 percent by weight of solution. The reaction was sparged with nitrogen for 15 minutes and the reaction mixture heated to 90� C. for 24 hours under inert atmosphere. The solution was then diluted to 10 percent solids using the same solvent. To this solution was added a stoichiometric amount of 2-[3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy] cyclohexane-metadioxane to react all of the carboxylic acid groups. A surfactant (FC-430 from 3M) was added at 0.05 percent by weight of the solution along with 0.1 percent by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst for the cycloaliphatic epoxy/carboxylic acid reaction. The solution was diluted to 10 percent solids with 50/50 cyclohexanone/acetone. The solution was applied to a polymer substrate formed from CR-39� monomer, and cured for 8 hours at 180� F. (82� C.).
The above examples are offered to illustrate the present invention without limiting its scope, the scope of which is defined by the following claims. Various other materials and process conditions may be used. For example, while the examples utilize ITO as an electroconductive film, other materials such as fluorine-doped tin oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide and aluminum-doped zinc oxide could be used, preferably with sheet resistances in the range of 10 to 20 ohms per square. Other polymer electrolytes, for example comprising hydrogen uranyl phosphate or polyethylene oxide/LiClO4, may also be employed, as well as polymer adhesive layers comprising inorganic films such as LiNbO3, LiBO3, LiTaO3, LiF, Ta2 O5, Na2 AlF6, Sb2 O5 �nH2 O+Sb2 O3, Na2 O�llAl2 O3, MgF2, ZrO2, Nb2 O5 and Al2 O3. In addition to tungsten oxide, WO3, other cathodically coloring materials such as MoO3, V2 O5, Nb2 O5, TiO2, Cr2 O3, RuO2 and PrO2, may be compatible with the other components of the electrochromic device of the present invention, as well as ternary metal oxides and tungsten bronzes, such as MoWO3, NbWO3, K1-x WO3 and Na1-x WO3, where x is less than 1. In addition to the preferred iridium oxide, other anodically coloring materials which may be used include NiO, Fe4 [F3 (CN)6 ]3, V2 O5, RhO3 and LiCoO2. The counterelectrode may also be passive, instead of complementary, utilizing material such as In.sub. 2 O3, tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) and Nb2 O5. Organic electrochromic materials such as polyaniline and viologens (1,1-diheptyl-4,4-bipyridinium dibromide) may also be used in the electrochromic devices of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the following claims.
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|Board Of Governors For Higher Education, State Of Rhode Island And Providence Plantations
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|U.S. Classification
|385/131, 385/143, 359/265, 359/275, 385/147, 385/141
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|12 Nov 1993
Owner name: PPG INDUSTRIES, INC., PENNSYLVANIA
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text:
Type: Improvement
Status: Open
Resolution: Unresolved
Affects Version/s: None
Fix Version/s: None
The intent of 'provided' configuration is to define dependencies which are needed for compilation, but which should not be "exported" (aka should not show up in runtime configuration)
Issue Links
- dependent on
GRADLE-3399 Allow declaration of compile only dependencies
- Resolved
I missed that part. This has pros, but also serious cons.
- if you don't want your tests to depend on compileOnly dependencies, that's the default. Adding compileOnly dependencies to testCompile or testRuntime is easier than removing them.
- provided dependencies in IntelliJ are in the test compile classpath. Tests that use compileOnly dependencies will thus compile/run in IntelliJ, but not in gradle, even though the IntelliJ project has been generated from gradle
- not exported dependencies in Eclipse are in the test compile classpath. Tests that use compileOnly dependencies will thus compile/run in Eclipse, but not in gradle, even though the IntelliJ project has been generated from gradle
- In Maven, provided dependencies are in the test classpath. I understand that the goal is not to do exactly what Maven does, but still, this is a notable difference that makes the switch to gradle more painful
- AFAIK, the war providedCompile dependencies are in the test classpath, so compileOnly and providedCompile are not equivalent, making it more confusing
- For the two main usecases I see for this configuration (dependencies provided by a container, and annotations only used by a build-time analysis tool like FindBugs), having the compileOnly dependencies in the test classpath would be necessary, or wouldn't hurt.
This is food for thought. I'm not saying I completely disagree with the design. But various use-cases describing why compileOnly is necessary and why it's better not to make testCompile extend it would be welcome.
These are valid points. The compile only use case is just one of many in reality. Future stories will more appropriately address this. Right now we see compile only dependencies as a strict subset of the multitude of use cases that folks leverage "provided" for.
For all intents and purposes this is because we consider tests to be a consumer of the production code. That means it's interaction in terms of dependencies should be the same as the runtime environment. If I am publishing a module that expects a dependency to be provided by the runtime environment then the test runtime environment should also be required to provide this explicitly. In many cases the "implementation" will simply be the API we compile against plus mocks. However, there's no reason your tests couldn't run against a different implementation.
The IDE integration issue is not a new one. Mapping 'compileOnly' to 'provided' is simply an approximation. Eclipse is even worse in this regard as it doesn't even have a separate testing or compile/runtime classpaths.
It's worth noting that having 'testCompileOnly' inherit 'compileOnly' would also not solve the IntelliJ case since there is no such thing as 'testProvided'. That means we would have to map these to 'test' meaning these dependencies would be on the runtime classpath, which is incorrect. We already suffer from this problem today since 'testCompile' and 'testRuntime' both map to 'test' which is essentially both the test compile and runtime classpath.
Note, comments about Intellij behaviour might be outdated given UPCOMING Intellij 16 aligns more closely with Gradle, see more in release announcement for Intellij 16: http://blog.jetbrains.com/idea/2015/12/intellij-idea-16-eap-starts-the-faster-release-cycle/ ... although it talks about sourceSets, not sure if other changes were/are coming.
Thanks, Jayson, that is a good point. IntelliJ 16 models each source set as module. That said, I'm sure there's still some notion of test vs production code. It would be nice if this would now allow the separation of compile vs runtime dependencies for the 'test' source set. I'll make a note to experiment with this.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Didgeridoo Cultural Significance
A selection of articles related to didgeridoo cultural significance.
Original articles from our library related to the Didgeridoo Cultural Significance. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Didgeridoo Cultural Significance.
- Select Cross-Cultural and Historical Personifications of Death
- This extensive introduction includes some of the more well known, along with some lesser known Death "incarnations", and I use that term loosely, as in many cultures, the Angel of Death can be quite an adept shapeshifter. We have tried to cull...
Mystic Sciences >> Necromantic Studies
- Bringing it Down to Earth: A Fractal Approach
- 'Clouds are not spheres, mountains are not cones, coastlines are not circles, and bark is not smooth, nor does lightning travel in a straight line.' B. Mandelbrot W e want to think about the future - it's our nature. Unlike other creatures, humans possess an...
Mystic Sciences >> Astrology
- Values in the Balance
- We in the Pagan community pride ourselves on our tolerance for difference. Differences in lifestyle, sexual preference, orientation and expression, race, orthodoxy, tradition, ritual structure, costumes, positions on nudity, personal interaction styles, etc....
Holidays >> Mabon
- Manifesting World Enlightenment: Part 1
- Amazing things take root and grow, from the minds of the world. Human creations are much more far reaching than mere cities and nations. We are also creators of mental and spiritual manifestations , and these are of world changing scope! Humans are idea and...
Mind >> World Mind
- Hypnosis: A Selected Bibliography
- Index of bibliography sections Selected Periodicals (14 entries) Edited Overviews of General Theories of Hypnosis (5 entries) Specific Topics Related to Research into Hypnosis. General single-author overviews, non-special-state views, social andexperimental...
Parapsychology >> Hypnosis
- Resurrection of the Higher Self
- In July of 1989, a controversial article crossed the managing editor's desk of an equally controversial magazine. This article was never actually published in the quarterly publication, then known as The Magical Blend , even though it was well documented by...
Body Mysteries >> Psychoactive Substances
Didgeridoo Cultural Significance is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Didgeridoo Cultural Significance books and related discussion.
Suggested News Resources
- Womadelaide festival 2016: 12 things we learned
- Blister in the Sun takes on a whole new meaning in 30C heat. When US alt-punk rockers ... of squawking flying foxes.
- Mackay musician plans to put a modern twist on the didgeridoo
- The 18-year-old Mackay-based musician specialises in playing a variety of instruments, including guitar, stomp box and the didgeridoo. His enthusiasm for the didgeridoo arose after he witnessed his uncle playing the culturally significant instrument.
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.
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Schools locked down Tuesday
Crystal River High School and Crystal River Primary School were placed on a "code yellow" lockdown at approximately 11 a.m. Tuesday as a precautionary measure while Citrus County Sheriff's Office (CCSO) deputies searched for a suspicious man in the residential area off of Turkey Oak Drive.
The lockdown was lifted a little less than an hour later when CCSO investigators moved their search farther away from the two schools.
N.C. Republicans to meet Sept. 13
Nature Coast Republican Club's monthly meeting will be Saturday, Sept. 13, with breakfast at 8:30 a.m. ($5) and meeting at 9 a.m. at the Hampton Inn, Crystal River.
Members will hear from club members Scott Carnahan, Citrus County commissioner-elect, and Ron Kitchen, county commission District 2 candidate.
For information, call 352-746-7249.
Event set at Democrat H.Q.
The Citrus County Democratic Executive Committee is having a grand opening of its party headquarters from 5 to 7 p.m. Friday, Sept. 5, at the Shoppes of Crystal River, 7903 Gulf-to-Lake Highway, in advance of the November general election. The open house is free to the public and light refreshments will be served.
For information, call Mike Fahey, Citrus County Democratic Executive Committee chairman, at 352-209-8651; visit CitrusDemocrats.org or Citrus County FL Democrats on Facebook.
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Published on June 23, 2015
Mattie Foley (centre) raised over $1,800 for his run Sunday, June 21, to help the family of 12-year-old Connor McGrath, in the midst of his second battle with cancer. Pictured with Mattie, from the left, is his sister Paula and son Joshua.
Submitted photo
Published on June 23, 2015
Mattie Foley runs on his route from Whitbourne to Placentia.
Submitted photo
Published on June 23, 2015
Mattie Foley looks over his shoulder while running along Route 100 Sunday, June 21.
Submitted photo
A run to raise money to help a family from the Placentia area with a young boy battling cancer has been deemed a success.
Mattie Foley raised $1,836.45 through his 42-kilometre trek from Dunville to Whitbourne. He completed the run in four hours and 10 minutes this past Sunday.
The funds raised will go to the family of Connor McGrath. The 12-year-old boy, whose family now lives in Edmonton, will spend three months in a Calgary hospital to undergo treatment for a recurrence of cancer.
'Placentia rallies around boy'
Foley, who participates in the Tely 10 road race annually, was gracious for the support he received leading up to Sunday's run.
Thank you for supporting myself and ultimately this young man faced again with a challenge of a lifetime. Mattie Foley
"The generous and amazing support given to me by the people of Placentia is simply humbling," he told The Compass in an email. "Knowing that you've had my back since the beginning and throughout the entire run means the world to me … Thank you for supporting myself and ultimately this young man faced again with a challenge of a lifetime."
A campaign to help Connor's family manage the costs associated with staying in Calgary while the boy receives his treatment was also launched through the website youcaring.com. As of Tuesday, the campaign raised more than $13,500.


text:
Linney's will display some of its rare pink diamonds at its store this week ahead of the annual tender as it seeks to capitalise on growing scarcity in the lead-up to the closure of the Argyle mine.
The jewellery company's chief executive David Fardon claimed pink diamonds had appreciated between 10 per cent and 15 per cent annually in recent years, while the standard whites had remained static.
This was in part because of the impending closure of Rio Tinto's Argyle Diamond mine, which is the world's biggest source of the precious stones, in 2020.
With the pinks exceeding the value of an equivalent white diamond by about 50 times, they are among the most concentrated form of wealth in the world.
Most of the diamonds on display at the Subiaco store were purchased in last year's annual tender, where every diamond is literally one in a million.
For every million carats of rough diamonds produced at the mine, only one carat is offered for sale at the invitational tender.
Rio Tinto also achieved two record-breaking prices for its Argyle pinks diamonds tender held in October last year.
Jeweller de Beers set a record last year when one of its pink diamonds from South Africa sold at auction for US$83.2 million.
However, the buyer later defaulted in the sale and it is understood Sotheby's has since added the so-called "Pink Dream" to its own collection, paying a rumoured $US61 million for the stone.
The Linney's display will run from today until Monday.


text:
Editors note: Because of the give-and-take nature of the conference discussions, sessions will not be open to the media. To arrange interviews with Atkinson and other science and policy participants, contact Arthur Rotstein, who will be at the conference, 520-445-5499.
Policymakers from seven nations and world renowned scientists will convene Dec. 6-9 in Tucson at the first conference of an institute using a new approach to examine and seek solutions to some of the world's most vexing science-based issues.
The conference launches a two-year series of invitation-only conferences on "Emerging and Persistent Infectious Diseases," organized by the University of Arizona-based Institute on Science for Global Policy, or ISGP. Subsequent conferences will be held at other U.S. and international venues.
The December meeting also will examine energy, food safety and security and cyber security, which are topics for future two-year ISGP programs, and will provide the initial opportunity for participants to directly observe the model and judge how effective it could be.
"Many of the most significant geopolitical policy and security issues facing both developed and developing nations are directly connected with the remarkably rapid and profound scientific and technology accomplishments in the 21st century," said UA's George H. Atkinson, director of the institute.
"The ISGP is based on a new idea that there needs to be a better way for science to serve government in its efforts to formulate effective policy," Atkinson said.
Atkinson developed the concept for ISGP after his experience as Science and Technology Adviser to U.S. Secretaries of State Colin Powell and Condoleezza Rice.
"This new approach provides opportunities for scientists to directly address policy-makers, and for policy people to use the ISGP not-for-attribution environment to learn about current problems, scientific options and realities that have to be addressed about some of the great science issues of our time," Atkinson said.
"This will provide an international debate, and the initial group of countries is coming to look at this as a potential long-term model," he added.
ISGP central to 21st-century academic mission
UA President Robert N. Shelton said, "The University of Arizona is extremely pleased that Professor Atkinson has brought the Institute for Global Policy to its College of Science. In the increasingly global societies of the 21st century, his vision for ISGP fulfills a role that has clearly become central to the mission of academics in general, and especially scientists. These responsibilities are readily embraced by the outstanding faculty at the UA."
Shelton added, "At a time when financial constraints focus public attention on the immediate cost of universities, it is especially important that we value the unique benefits a world-class university provides in addressing the complex problems currently shaping our lives.
"Failure to invest today in universities can severely limit our abilities to successfully overcome our systematic, long-term challenges that almost certainly will require international cooperation and endorsements," Shelton said.
College of Science dean Joaquin Ruiz said, "It is clear that scientists engaged in frontier research must be more active in helping decision-makers formulate and implement effective public policy that involves current advances in science and technology.
"Given the daily impact science and technology advances have on our lives, it's not difficult to identify what these issues are – infectious diseases, energy, climate change, cyber security and food supply," Ruiz said. "Clearly, this is an approach whose time has come."
Governments are being asked to pay for using the Institute's services and are considering how to fund their participation, Atkinson said. Significant financial support will be required from the governments to underwrite their ongoing engagement.
ISGP conference participants
Participants will include:
- Susan Eisenhower, chairman emeritus of the Eisenhower Institute;
- Dr. Rita Colwell, former director of the National Science Foundation;
- Claude Birraux, chairman of the French National Assembly's Parliamentary Office of Scientific and Technological Assessment;
- Former U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Richard Carmona;
- Katsuhisa Furukawa, fellow, Japanese Science and Technology Agency;
- Stephen Morse, director of Columbia University's Center for Public Health Preparedness;
- Dr. David Cope, director of the United Kingdom's Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology;
- Dr. William Wulf, former president of the National Academy of Engineering.
Many of a group of senior policy-makers and scientists invited from the participating countries have confirmed or are sending representatives.
Political, civic and academic leaders from the seven participating nations - the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Germany, Singapore and Japan - previously identified infectious diseases as one of their foremost critical policy issues and a priority for the Institute - and as likely to significantly impact global public policies.
Future ISGP conferences
Starting early next year, the institute will sponsor six conferences examining various aspects of emerging and persistent infectious diseases, from pandemics and viral mutations to drug resistance.
In addition to energy, food safety and security and cyber security, other topics for future two-year programs include climate change, nanotechnology and human health, strategic materials and advanced telecommunications.
The structure and process of ISGP programs make them unique, Atkinson said. "The idea is to bring many of the most credible, respected and articulate scientists together with government leaders on neutral ground so policy makers can ask any science and technology question they need to understand to come to an informed decision," he said.
The international nature of the institute rests on both the active engagement of governments and the participation of a variety of international universities, including many of the leading institutions of Europe and Asia as well as the United States.
Operationally, the institute interviews leading science and technology scholars are recruited to participate in each conference. Individually, they are asked to assess the issues in concise documents, describe advances in their areas of expertise and then debate with the policy-makers. The focus will be to present credible scientific options from the policy-makers' perspective so that non-scientists have a clear understanding of "actionable decisions," or those that can be brought to reality.
At each conference, each country's delegation will caucus individually, followed by an all-nations caucus, discussing what steps to consider in forming policy. Organizers hope the process will help governments link an understanding of science and technology with key societal issues that form public policies. They believe the forums will help policy-makers fashion public policy and influence what resources are allocated to put them into effect domestically and internationally.
"People can engage here in a completely informal forum which focuses on clarifying their understanding of scientific issues rather than on predetermined government initiatives," Atkinson said. "We would hope that we can help shape domestic and international policies based on sound scientific understanding."
George H. Atkinson
Atkinson, a professor of chemistry and a professor of optical sciences at the UA since 1983, has won numerous awards and honors for his professional career that spans academic administration, teaching and research, private industry and government.
In the U.S. government, Atkinson served in several capacities as a science and technology adviser to U.S. Secretaries of State Colin Powell and Condoleezza Rice.
His honors include:
- First AIP Scientist/Diplomat, U.S. Department of State, 2001
- Science and Technology Adviser to the U.S. Secretary of State, 2002-2007
- Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy, Senior Awardee (for lifetime contributions), 2001
- Senior Alexander von Humboldt Awardee, '89/95/99
- Five-Star Teaching Award - Outstanding Teacher of the Year, University of Arizona, 1992
- Distinguished Alumni, Indiana University, 2005
- Lady Davis Professor at Hebrew University, Israel


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Rashid Nezhmetdinov (1912-1974) was the first USSR master in chess and checkers. In 1949 he won the Russian chess championship and immediately after, took 2nd in the Russian checkers championship. He wrote the first chess book in the Tatar language. He won the Russian chess championship 5 times. He was Tal's trainer during Tal's world championship matches.
rashid nezhmetdinov is a great player , and he is one of the best players in the world . Im asking why not making a pgn for his matches or making a serieas for him on the youtube channel !!
thanks alot
Nezhmetdinov was a bona fide genius. A great mentor to Tal. His games were from another cosmic dimension!
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This is a Star Wars cake I made for a eight year old's Birthday. The cake is vanilla cake with almond frosting. Everything in hand carved cake and or fondant, excepted the toy figures. Thanks for looking :-)
CakeCentral.com is the world's largest cake community for cake decorating professionals and enthusiasts.
(if this is a private computer)
Yes please, register now!


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I am super-paranoid about amniotic fluid leaking, but I am so frustrated by not being able to tell whether my discharge is amniotic fluid or something else. Are there any telltale signs that it's amniotic fluid and not something else?
Is there a specific odor? Color? I feel like I should know this since I already had one baby, but my water didn't break until I was in the hospital, almost fully dilated, so I'm not sure.


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University Catalog
Autumn 2016-2017Catalog update: May 16, 2016
Access archived catalogs in the Catalog Archive section.
Students are required to follow the Academic Handbook and Code of Student Responsibility
The combined Bachelor's/Master's degree programs allow students to complete 12 graduate credit hours while still undergraduates. These 12 graduate credit hours will count toward both the undergraduate and graduate degree programs.
The combined Bachelor's/Master's Degree program offers four options:
Students apply to one of these programs in spring of their junior year; interested students should meet with the Graduate Program Director of the program. Students accepted into this program take a maximum of twelve graduate credit hours as three courses in their senior year; these graduate courses apply toward both undergraduate and graduate Mathematical Sciences requirements.
Students must apply for undergraduate degree conferral in anticipation of completing their fourth year of study.
This combined degree program of the College of Science and Health and the College of Education was collaboratively developed, and is governed and taught by faculty from these units.
Students may apply to the Program during the spring of their junior year. They must enroll in the Junior Year Experiential Learning course, TCH 320, and meet other application criteria; these include completion of at least 16 quarter credit hours at DePaul and a 3.0 GPA. During their senior year, students are required to complete a Program capstone course, TCH 390, and three 400-level courses that count toward both their undergraduate and graduate degrees:
Grades of C or better required in TCH courses.
The following Math content area requirements are required. These can be taken as part of the major, liberal studies or open elective requirements:
The Master's year comprises teacher-preparation coursework that culminates with student teaching during the Spring quarter. Upon graduation and the fulfilling of State of Illinois licensure requirements (which may require some additional course work in the student's major and related fields), students are eligible to be certified licensed to teach Mathematics at the 6th-12th grade levels.
A full description of the Program can be found on the College of Education website in the graduate course catalog. Students interested in the Program should consult with the designated TEACH Program advisor in their home department.
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Cold Cucumber
15 Apr 2009
This Cold Cucumber recipe is very easy to follow and can be put together in no time.I serve this salad of at home as it is both delicious and nutritious. Also, Cold Cucumber can be prepared ahead of time and saved for later use in various dishes!
|1⁄2 Teaspoon
|Soy sauce
|1 Tablespoon
|Wine vinegar
|1 Tablespoon
|Powdered sugar
|1 Tablespoon
|Sesame oil
|2 Teaspoon
Peel the cucumber and cut into small dice.
Sprinkle with the remaining ingredients and leave for 5 minutes before serving.
Make sure the sugar has dissolved before serving.
Rate It
Nutrition Rank
Nutrition Facts
Serving size
Calories 91 Calories from Fat 45
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 5 g7.8%
Saturated Fat 0.74 g3.7%
Trans Fat 0 g
Cholesterol 0 mg
Sodium 909.3 mg37.9%
Total Carbohydrates 11 g3.6%
Dietary Fiber 0.43 g1.7%
Sugars 8.6 g
Protein 0.96 g1.9%
Vitamin A 1.6% Vitamin C 3.6%
Calcium 1.4% Iron 2.2%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet
Cold Cucumber Recipe


text:
Hotel Ibis Styles Madrid Prado
Thematic hotel about the wine. The rooms are characterized on Spanish wine-making origin denominations, with a decoration where the information and photographies are integrates in each one of them. The hotel is located in the historical, cultural and business center of Madrid, and perfectly equipped with the last technologies to satisfy all the needs.
The rooms are equipped with free wifi, satelite tv, safe and full bathroom. Individual rooms are smaller than double for single use rooms, are interior , with shower and 90cm bed.
Choose your room
Share it
Score based on 11 reviews
Average price per night for this hotel for the following weeks
|10/24/16 - 10/30/16
|10/31/16 - 11/6/16
|11/7/16 - 11/13/16
|11/14/16 - 11/20/16
Services and terms: Hotel Ibis Styles Madrid Prado
Standard Room Services
- Air Conditioning
- Safe
- Satellite TV
- Hairdryer
Accommodation facilities
- Lift
- Bar/Café
- Business Centre
- Meetings Room
- Laundry
- People with reduced mobility access
- Non-smoker Rooms
- Parking
- 24 hr Room Service
Useful information: Hotel Ibis Styles Madrid Prado
Other names for Hotel Ibis Styles Madrid Prado
El Prado
Location: Hotel Ibis Styles Madrid Prado
Leave in the direction Madrid Centro. Take Avda. de America, C/Maria de Molina, Paseo de la Castellana opposite Neptuno. On the right take the parallel on the left of Carrera San Jerónimo ¿ this is C/Prado. Railway station: Atocha ( 2 km ). Underground station: Sevilla / Anton / Martin ( 5 minutes ).


text:
realmagick.com The shrine of knowledge.
Dream Dictionary Embrace
A selection of articles related to dream dictionary embrace.
Original articles from our library related to the Dream Dictionary Embrace. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Dream Dictionary Embrace.
- A History Of Dreaming - From Ancient Egypt To Modern Day
- Dreams have been an important part of the human experince since time immemorial. Fragments of the earliest books come from Egypt, where dreams were considered to be the messages sent from the gods. The Egyptians divided their dreams into three categories: 1....
Parapsychology >> Dreams
- Hulse, David Allen
- From an early age, David Allen Hulse has made a diligent study of the alphabets of the ancient world. Even as a child, David possessed a great affinity for the alphabets of Egypt, Phoenicia, and Greece. In college, a reading of MacGregor Mathers' Kabbalah...
Real Interviews >> Authors
- Hulse, David Allen
- >From an early age, David Allen Hulse has made a diligent study of the alphabets of the ancient world. Even as a child, David possessed a great affinity for the alphabets of Egypt, Phoenicia, and Greece. In college, a reading of MacGregor Mathers' Kabbalah...
Real Interviews >> Authors
- A Treatise on Astral Projection, Part 4: More Rope Techniques
- ROPE is a very effective projection technique, but it still has to be learned to be effective. I would like to elaborate on a couple of points about the technique, inspired by the feedback I have received so far. There is NO visualization required - AT ALL -...
Parapsychology >> Astral Projection
- What does it mean if I have nightmares about being ill?
- According to a report from the Menninger Clinic Detecting cancer in dream content . Horton PC, Child Guidance Clinic for Control Ct., Meriden, CT, USA. A woman was 3 years post mastectomy when she presented a dream whose manifest content suggested a new...
Parapsychology >> Dreams
- King James Bible: Genesis, Chapter 41
- Chapter 41 41:1 And it came to pass at the end of two full years, that Pharaoh dreamed: and, behold, he stood by the river. 41:2 And, behold, there came up out of the river seven well favoured kine and fatfleshed; and they fed in a meadow. 41:3 And, behold,...
Old Testament >> Genesis
- Apple Divination
- We have all heard and used the expression "An apple a day keeps the doctor away." This expression is based on a very old superstition and is one of many associated with apples. I am quite sure that you have all held an apple in one hand and twisted...
Psychic Abilities >> Divination
Dream Dictionary Embrace is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Dream Dictionary Embrace books and related discussion.
Suggested News Resources
- Conscious in Death: A Response to Jerry Shepherd
- The second death is not another symbol, metaphor, or figure of speech; it is the plain, straightforward interpretation of the otherwise perplexing imagery: the resurrected lost will literally die a second time. ....
- 10 Things We Can Learn From Our Three Winners
- One year after The Chapel Hill shooting, I wake up still feeling like I just lost a friend. No, it's more than that. A best friend.
- Food scholar Michael Twitty is finding himself through the roots of African
- Born in the District of Columbia and raised in Wheaton, Md. (he now lives in Rockville, Md.
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.
Dream Dictionary Embrace Topics
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Brussels sprouts are one of thoese vegetables you either hate or love. If you hate it, I think you haven't eaten it the right way yet. You can definitely create amazingly scrumptious dishes with this vegetable, which doesn't have an outstanding flavor. You just need to know what other ingredients you should combine it with….
Coleslaw Recipe
This is another simple but delicious salad recipe. It goes very well with any kind of main dish. You can also make a sandwich with this salad by adding some cheese.


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This hotel is the closest to Uglich A modern 3 star hotel located in the heart of thehistorical centre of uglich town. Its not far from thedowntown on the bank of the volga river. Each room has a tvset a fridge air conditioner telephone...More Info
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Volzhskaya Riviera Hotel is close to Uglich Standing directly on the Volga River, this hotel features an indoor pool, a traditional sauna and an open-air café on the water. Uglich Fortress is a few steps away. Volgskaya Riviera Hotel's elegant...More Info
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Kids get new playground
From staff reports
McVEYTOWN – The children who attend the Snyder, Union, Mifflin Child Development Head Start Program in McVeytown are enjoying a new playground.
During the past few years, SUM Child Development and McVeytown Borough have invested in seesaws, benches, picnic tables, shade structures, fencing and mulch. They worked together to maintain the equipment and extend the life of the play structures as long as possible. However, the aging wooden equipment was splintering and could not be used safely.
New equipment was purchased with the assistance of the Mifflin County Community Development Block Grant funding. The developmentally appropriate playground provides a safe environment for the program. Additionally, the building and grounds are owned by the borough and the playground is available to the general public when Head Start is not in session.
SUM Child Development operates Head Start, Early Head Start, Child Care, Healthy Families America, School Age Child Care and other programs in McVeytown, Taylor Park and Lewistown, as well as several other sites in Snyder and Union counties. Visit www.sumcd.org for more information about these programs.


text:
I love to make little goodies all during the month of December, just small celebrations at home to keep the kids excited about the season. So today I'm sharing seven simple Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer treat ideas: Rudolph Red Velvet Cupcake from Skinny Taste Nutter Butter Rudolph cookies from Lacey Reimann Rudolph noses (chocolate and maybe a red gumball?) from Bloom Designs Rudolph Cello Treat Bags, an easy Christmas thumbprint craft for kids, filled with Malted Milk Balls from The Celebration Shoppe Peanut Butter Rudolph Thumbprints from Recipe.com Rudolph Chocolate Dipped Pretzel Rods from David and Jamie Pearson Simple Rudolph gingerbread cookies from The Celebration Shoppe Enjoy! And as always, I hope you're inspired to craft, bake, create and ... [Read More]
Rudolph cookies
prepping for Santa's arrival
I mentioned when I gave you a sneak peek of our new Santa cookie party invitation and decor that each year I have a cookie decorating party a few days before Christmas. Imagine a bunch of kids decorating the treats they are going to leave for Santa. It really is so much fun! Here's a little inspiration for you to start your own holiday tradition: Santa sugar cookie from Martha Stewart Rudolph sugar cookie from Southern Living Hot chocolate mug & cookie cutters from William Sonoma Santa apron & mitt from The Celebration Shoppe {wink} Snowman apron & cookie jar from The Celebration Shoppe {not shown, but wanted to give you options!} Mitten utensil holder from Crate & Barrel Enjoy! ... [Read More]


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- Maps & Data
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- Dear Abby
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- Lifestyle
- Events & Exhibits
- Food & Drink
- Arts & Music
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A total of 27 events have been found.
Art Exhibits/Openings
Fiddlehheads Food Coop, 13 Broad St, New London, CT , 06320
Fiddleheads staff members art is on display in the Cafe at Fiddleheads Food Coop in downtown New London during January and February. The show includes paintings and prints by Liz Spurr, fabric art by Ellen Anthony, and photographs by Laurie Gorham. For further info and to view or download the exhibition poster: http://fiddleheadsfood.weebly.com/cafe-art.html
Art Exhibits/Openings
Lyman Allyn Art Museum, 625 Williams Street, New London, , 06320
Lyman Allyn presents Greasy Luck! The Whaling World of the Charles W. Morgan through June 5, 2014. The exhibit looks at how whaling, its myths and reality, risk and reward, left its mark on Connecticut and American identity.
Art Exhibits/Openings
Mystic Arts Center, 9 Water Street, Mystic, CT , 06355
The Annual Members Exhibition is a non-juried show highlighting the work of Mystic Arts Center members. The Members Exhibition is on view in the Charles Davis Gallery and the Anthony P. Halsey Gallery, and includes works of all media. The Liebig Gallery will feature �Found Objects / Ambiguous Identities�, a solo sculpture exhibition of found object assemblage by David Madacsi. The exhibitions will run from January 17th through March 1st, daily from 11am to 5pm. Opening Reception, �Kindred Spirits� with Courtyard Gallery, will be held on Friday, January 17th, 5:30 � 7:30pm, with a snow date of January 24th.
Art Exhibits/Openings
Lori Warner Studio/Gallery, 21 Main St, Chester, CT
Art Exhibits/Openings
Mystic Arts Center, 9 Water Street, Mystic , CT , 06355
The Annual Members Exhibition is a non-juried show highlighting the work of Mystic Arts Center members. The Members Exhibition is on view in the Charles Davis Gallery and the Anthony P. Halsey Gallery, and includes works of all media. The Liebig Gallery will feature �Found Objects / Ambiguous Identities�, a solo sculpture exhibition of found object assemblage by David Madacsi. The exhibitions will run through March 1st, daily from 11am to 5pm.
Art Exhibits/Openings
Six Summit Gallery, 6 Summit St, Ivoryton , CT , 06442
Our yearly salon show with smaller gift giving works continues with 10 stunning original works by Anne Bachelier.
Anne Bachelier was born in Louvigne du Desert, France. She studied at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, La Seyne-Sur-Mer between 1966 and 1970. Her work has been exhibited in museums and galleries throughout North America, Europe and Japan. Her work is often compared to Goya, Moreau, Magritte, and Fini, and is collected by the Musee de la Poste in Paris. The artist is a member of the Libellule Groupe founded by Lukas Kandi. As a master of line and detail,her metaphysical, dream-like fantasies evoke a gamut of feelings similar to a theatrical performance. Bachelier draws the viewer into beautifully rendered narratives that are both powerful and soothing. Illustrations and books currently available at Six Summit Gallery located across the street from the Ivoryton Playhouse.
Author Events
Temple Beth Tikvah, 196 Durham Rd, Madison, CT
Tickets: $10 ($5 good towards book purchase).
Old Saybrook Fire Dept. Headquarters, 310 Main St, Old Saybrook, CT
UNITED METHODIST CHURCH OF BRANFORD, 811 East Main Street, Branford , , , Branford
ANNUAL SOUPER BOWL SUPPER in support of battered women will be sponsored by The United Methodist Women on Sunday, February 2nd at The United Methodist Church of Branford located at 811 East Main Street, Branford (at the Guilford/Branford border) from 11:45AM to 2PM. A wide variety of 'homemade' soups will be served with bread/butter. Beverage will be provided for those eating in. 100% of all proceeds will be given to local Women's Shelters in our area. Donation $5 per meal with one refill is requested. The church is wheelchair accessible.
For more information, call the church at 203-488-0549, or email email@example.com or visit our website at http://umcbranford.org/.
Arts Center Killingworth, 276 North Parker Hill Road, Killingworth, CT , 06419
1-4pm. Sunday, Feb. 2. $70
Topics include exposure, shutter speed, white balance and depth-of-field, as well as camera settings and gear. Learn basic digital editing, printing and online sharing techniques. Conclude with field practice on the Arts Center grounds weather permitting.
Arts Center Killingworth, 276 North Parker Hill Road Killingworth, CT 06419. (860) 663-5593 www.artscenterkillingworth.org | firstname.lastname@example.com
Follow Us! facebook.com/artscenterkillingworth � twitter.com/arts_center_ct � pinterest.com/artscenterct � youtube.com/user/artskillingworth
Home of Kristin and Mark Leas, Pritchett Road, Westbrook, CT
Home is at midpoint of cul-de-sac, with horse head on mailbox.
Ivoryton Congregational Church, 57 Main St., Ivoryton, CT
1-2 p.m., $8, 12-inch grinder; $4.50 for a pint of chili; $8 for a quart; orders will be placed in advance by calling ahead to order by January 30, 2014; pick up is at the Church, the afternoon of the Super Bowl, Feb. 2, between 1 and 2 p.m.; (860) 767-8167 or (860) 767-1004.
Avery Farm House Gateway, 245 Lambtown Road Extension, ,
2 p.m., meet at the southern gate of Lambtown Road Extension, near the Groton-Ledyard border a few minutes before 2 p.m. and park on the left; free and open to the public; sponsored by Groton Open Space Association; free; (860) 574-5111.
visit: http://gosaonline.org/2014/02/avery-farm-tour-sign-up/
St. Ann's Episcopal Church, 82 Shore Road, Old Lyme, CT
7 p.m.
Branford House, 1084 Shennecossett Rd, Groton, CT , 06340
The University of Connecticut will welcome the community to the Avery Point Campus on Sunday, March 2 to celebrate Read Across America Day. This annual observance, held on the birthday of the beloved children�s author Theodor Geisel (Dr. Seuss), is designed to help children discover the joys of reading.
Special guest at this year�s event will be Connecticut Author Eric Berlin. He will take on the role of game show host, and the kids are the contestants! Kids try their hand at solving dozens of quick, fun wordplay puzzles -- chosen with an emphasis on language skills and flexible thinking. With prizes for the winners!
Student Outreach Coordinator of the Avery Point Campus Lisa Hastings says, �UConn Avery Point is pleased once again to be a host site for �Read Across America.� Our students have worked really hard to bring this exciting, free celebration to the community. By hosting this event on our campus, we can help the children participating in this event find their love for reading.�
In keeping with Avery Point�s mission of marine and maritime education, children will have a chance to color pictures with a maritime theme and to look at and touch some of
the sea creatures living in special �touch tanks� that allow visitors to campus get a real glimpse at undersea life.
Read Across America is an initiative of the National Education Association. It was introduced in March 1998 and is the largest celebration of reading in the country. Its mission is to provide teachers, parents, caregivers, and children the resources and activities needed to keep reading 365 days a year.
Christ Church, 7 Elm Street, Westerly, RI , 02891
Lido Mochetti, Owner of Classic Framers, Westerly, will give a talk on the stained glass windows of Christ Episcopal Church. Mr. Mochetti, a local art and architectural historian, has a degree in history and has authored several publications on historical topics in town.
Lyme-Old Lyme High School, Lyme Street, Old Lyme, CT , 06371
The �Dollars for Scholars� Breakfast,Sunday,Feb 2 8-11:30am at Lyme-Old Lyme HS, promises to be a lively and tasty event. The award-winning Techno Ticks Robotics Team will show off their robotic creations up close. BossGuitar will play �50s &�60s surf and spy music. Feast on blueberry pancakes, breakfast sandwiches, scrambled eggs, sausage, bacon, tater tots, and fresh fruit. Door prizes include a Nexus7 32GB thin Tablet and dining and spa certificates. Lions will conduct free eye screenings for all ages with �Spot,� an instrument used in the Lions' PediaVision preschool eye screen program. Resembling a Polaroid camera, "Spot" checks for 6 eye diseases and instantly prints a report. This is the Lions' primary fundraiser for $4500 of scholarships for LOLHS students. Support your students!
Waterford Public Library, 49 Rope Ferry Road, Waterford, CT , 06385
30-45 minutes of books, fingerplays, flannel board, music, movement and craft for independent listeners 3 to 5 years of age. 20 children per session.
Misc. Events
Saint John School, 42 Maynard Rd, Old Saybrook, CT
Misc. Events
Creative Arts Workshop, 80 Audubon St, New Haven, CT
St. James Episcopal Church, 76 Federal Street, New London, CT , 06320
The Anglican Singers will present a service of Choral Evensong on Sunday, February 3, at 5:00 p.m. at St. James Episcopal Church, 76 Federal Street, New London. The group, under the direction of Simon Jacobs, with Paul Thomas, organist, will sing works by Eccard, Byrd, Tompkins, Holst and Brahms. There is no charge for the service. For more information visit www.anglicansingers.org or call 860-442-7519.
The Burger Beast Tavern, 350 east Main St, Clinton, CT , 06413
Singing and Dancing at the Burger Beast every Wed, Fri. Sat. And Sunday
Great time great food and drinks
New London Moose Lodge 2652, 72 Central Avenue, new london, , 06385
music by Dj Voltage
New London Moose Lodge 2652, 72 Central Avenue, new london, CT , 06320
music by Dj Voltage
Indian Rock Shelters Trail, , Madison, CT
Essex Boat Works, Ferry Street, Essex, CT
Ferry St. to the top of Main St..Essex Village.
Bring noisemakers.
, , ,
CT Fusion 14u is looking for a pitcher for spring/summer travel ball. Team is going to Nationals in Pennsylvania in July. If interested, call Joel (860) 235-0623 or Gary at (401) 741-4806.
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How Does Aromatherapy Work and What are Its Benefits?
Essential oils that are extracted from herbs and other plans have long been known to give a lot of benefits. Although they cannot entirely cure diseases and illnesses, they can give various health benefits and can contribute in curing a medical condition. For many decades, aromatherapy has been widely used for a wide variety of purposes. Apart from the nice smell coming from these extracts, aromatherapy can give you different benefits.
One of my favorite smells is coconut. It reminds me of the time I spent in Hawaii on vacation. The memory that the coconut oil scent gives me is one of the core concepts of aromatherapy. Besides aromatherapy I also do coconut oil pulling with this product http://www.amazon.com/Healthy-Coconut-Oil-Pulling-Paste/dp/B017XXCXWO
How Does it Work?
Usually, when you hear aromatherapy, you often associate it with just the smell. But few people would know that the scent does not only give you a nice smell, it can directly affect your brain and bring out positive emotions. Studies show that essential oils can affect the hippocampus and the amygdala. These two parts of the brain are linked to emotions and memory. That is why with aromatherapy, you notice that your mood suddenly becomes better and you feel relaxed.
These natural oils also have compounds known as the terpenes. They are quickly absorbed by the body which in turn directly affects the functions of the brain. One good example is the lavender oil. This essential oil is known for its calming properties. So, whenever you smell lavender, you feel relaxed and calm.
Known Benefits of Aromatherapy
Apart from being used in health spas, aromatherapy is now widely used in treating diseases and illnesses. There are studies that would show aromatherapy can have benefits results to various medical conditions:
Menopause: For women who are suffering from menopausal symptoms, there are essential oils that can be used to reduce these symptoms. Some of the best oils that you can try is the jasmine and the rose geranium.
Giving birth: During delivery, women can be really nervous and feel anxious. There are essential oils that can soothe and calm women. The most recommended oils for women who are pregnant and who are about to give birth include rose and lavender oil.
Dementia: Having this kind of medical condition can affect the kind of life that people have. To soothe agitation among dementia patients, aromatherapy is also used. Research would show that lemon balm can calm the mind of patients suffering from dementia.
Depression: When a person is suffering from depression, aromatherapy can actually help. Just by smelling the nice fragrance of essential oils, your mind feels at ease and much more relaxed. That is why massage therapy along with aromatherapy can effectively cure depression.
Side Effects of Cancer: A cancer patient who undergoes treatment has to suffer from the side effects of the treatment. To relieve the side effects, aromatherapy is used. Aromatherapy can improve breathing rates and nausea.
You can find more aromatherapy benefit facts here https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/other/benefits-of-aromatherapy.html
Is Aromatherapy for everyone?
Although aromatherapy makes use of natural oils, there are limitations when it comes to using essential oils. For instance, pregnant women should not just use aromatherapy without any advice from a medical professional. People who have high blood pressure and those who have allergies should also avoid certain oils.


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DevoFlow: Cost-Effective Flow Management for High Performance Enterprise Networks
The OpenFlow framework enables flow-level control over Ethernet switching, as well as centralized visibility of the flows in the network. OpenFlow's coupling of these features comes with costs, however: the distributed-system costs of involving the OpenFlow controller on flow setups, and the switch-implementation costs of involving the switch's control plane too often. In this paper, the authors analyze the overheads, and they propose DevoFlow, a modification of the OpenFlow model in which they try to gently break the coupling between centralized control and centralized visibility, in a way that maintains a useful amount of visibility without imposing unnecessary costs.
Provided by: Association for Computing Machinery Topic: Mobility Date Added: Oct 2010 Format: PDF


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We offer a number of opportunities throughout the admissions year for you to learn more about the Postgraduate Diploma in Entrepreneurship programme. We organise regular events, webinars and Skype sessions to enable you to find out more about the programme, interact with the programme team, network with alumni and meet experienced entrepreneurs.
Get in touch
You may wish to book an appointment with either Dr Joanna Mills (Programme Director) or Nicky Reynolds (Programme Manager) at firstname.lastname@example.com. Alternatively, why not attend one of our open days.
Visit the School's Contact us page for information on how to reach us by road, train or plane, including a map of our location within the city of Cambridge.


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What is actually wrong with Diana Krall? It is fairly generic audiophile-ish music, but still..?
Audiophile by accident . The Hobby: An Unexpected Journey - Page 27
Head-Fi's Best Sellers
I wanted some new headphones. As a victim of marketing, I almost bought Beats. Until a friend came in and said: No! Not Beats!
I ended up with V-MODA. For Christmas the same year, I got my first amp, the FiiO E17. I mainly use it for DAC these days.
Few months ago, I got into FLAC audio quality. I was hooked, and my iPod can't hold that much FLAC, so I use LAME 320kps.
I've gone through one pair of LP2s and one pair (now repaired by V-MODA) M100s.
I have LP2 x E17 and M100 x E12 Mont Blanc.
I'm an audiophile on a budget, I don't have the money like the OP to spend on headphones/equipment.
Welcome to this hobby Existence :D ! I started on a budget too, don't worry. Good luck with your career! :))
As I said in the review, Analog DAC impressed me more than the 650D. MSB has more natural and analog sound than the 650d, and actually it is better in every way.
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I won't be spending much more on headphones or audio so far. Got a return on the amp, but put the amp on Head-Fi.
FiiO E12 Mont Blanc – Review
Hey guys,
I had my eyes on FiiO E12 for a long time now, since I've seen the little fellow at Sandu'splace. I remember I tried it with LCD-2 at that time and it could drive them quite nicely.
That was amazing coming from that little black box.
After that, I looked up the specs and was pleasantly surprised to see that the output power is > 880 mW @ 32 Ohms, which is pretty impressive coming from a portable amplifier powered by battery and at that size ( 124 x 65.5 x 14.5 mm )
E12 uses OPA1611 and LME49600 OPAMP combination. The OPA1611 serves as amplifier and LME49600 plays the role of currency outputting.
It also has ALPS potentiometer and is powered by a clean battery so it can achieve low level of distortion.
While looking at it, I saw a gain selector (0 , 16 db), crossfeed and bass boost.
Hmm, crossfeed, I have first tried a hardware level implementation of crossfeed at my first headphone amplifier the Meier Audio Corda Cantate 2.
This article is explains in detail what crossfeed does.
The short version from wikipedia is this:
Crossfeed is the process of blending the left and right channels of a stereo audio recording. It is generally used to reduce the extreme channel separation often featured in early stereo recordings (e.g., where instruments are panned entirely on one side or the other), or to make audio played through headphones sound more natural, as when listening to a pair of external speakers.
I have felt improvements with this on, only with old recordings, like ACDC – The Razors Edge. However, overall, the crossfeed takes away from the impact/attack and details.
Some may prefer to leave it on as it is less tiring.
The bass boost is quite nice and it is felt especially with the sub bass. This is useful with headphones that lack some body or for bass heads.
The build quality of the unit is quite appealing. It is made of aluminium and has a very nice design.
The E12 is bigger than the E10 or E17 but still is in portable range as it is similar toSamsung Galaxy S1's size, smaller than Galaxy S4.
Sound performance
So it looks very nice, has nice build quality and nice specs, but how does it sound?
I have done the tests with Burson Conductor as DAC, Audeze LCD-3, Sennheiser HD800, Focal Spirit One and Mikros 90.
This song has some really nice sub-bass and E12 got it just right. The sound was engaging and the bass had weight and decent control. It really got me toe tapping.
The background was black and you could actually call it blackground . Fiio didn't lie about the distortion as the sound is very clean. Enya's voice was clean and relaxing as it should.
Michael Jackson – Wanna be starting something
The PRAT was decent and the overall song was toe tapping. Michael's voice seemed natural and without any coloration added. Because of the black background the instrument separation was quite good and the instruments were detailed and standed out.
The sound was spacious and the guitars from the beginning tickled my ears.The chord's extensions were good and when the electric guitar kicked in the sound became very engaging. I would have liked a little more weight to the sound. Oh wait…I have the bass boost. That solved my problem. The added weight was a little unnatural but it was ok overall, but to be fair my ears wouldn't resist with bass boost on for a long period of time.
Infected Mushroom – None of this is Real
This guy is a great amplifier but this is where I felt the LCD3 and HD800 needed more. However it drove them at a decent level. They needed more for depth, punch and imaging.
The sound was detailed and the instruments tickled your ears on many occasions.
It seemed to me that the E12 didn't add any warm signature /coloration as the E17 andE10 did.
Airy Sound
The sound has a good soundstage, with a black background that leads to good instrument separation.
The FiiO E12 is a great piece of gear that deserves all your attention if you are looking for portability.
It can drive all of the power hungry iems / ciems or portable headphones out there. It can also drive the Audeze LCD3 and Sennheiser HD800 to a decent level.
I don't think it has competition at it's price & performance.
So FiiO strikes again with another excellent product that has no competition at that price. I like what FiiO does very much. They studied the market and filled what was missing, and did an awesome job with that.
- excellent price for what it offers
- good build quality and design
- nice features
- airy sound with good instrument separation
- detailed sound
- good PRAT
As for cons, at that price I cannot find any.
I am really happy that AVstore became an official FiiO dealer and we have access to them in Romania.
Edited by dan.gheorghe - 11/24/13 at 12:47pm
FiiO X3 – Review
Hey guys,
I have stressed for some time now on what phone I would get that has decent sound. At first I got the Galaxy S1 that had a Wolfson Dac and combined with Voodoo Sound I got decent playback.
Recently I got a Galaxy S4 knowing it has a Wolfson Dac too but I didn't notice the European version didn't have it, and I don't like the sound on it.
I didn't want to go for an Ipod or something similar because It didn't find them to sound better than my S1 (which i kept just for music).
However, recently FiiO released their first portable player, the FiiO X3 which would solve all of my problems in this regard and at a decent price.
When I looked at the specs I saw some interesting things:
- X3 can play APE, Flac, Alac, Wma, Wav and the usual lossy formats like MP3,OGG & WMA files and at 192k/24Bit .
- It has 10 hours playback time
- It has the Wolfson WM8740 Dac Chip which I like a lot because of how it performs inFiiO E17
- Same hardware equalizer for bass & treble as in E17
- Multiple Outputs like USB 2.0, Line Out, Coaxial Out, Headphone out, which means that you can also use it just as transport to another DAC, which is very nice. I also heard that FiiO plans a firmware upgrade to make the X3 a USB Dac too, which would be absolutely awesome.
- Has support for 65GB Micro SD Card
From distance, the build quality seems as sturdy as the other FiiO products, but when you take it in your hand you realize it has thinner materials, not so resistant as those fromFiiO E12 or E17.
X3 has an easy to use menu and you can't do anything else on it aside listening to music, that being the main focus of the unit. The screen is also there for the same purpose and nothing more.
Sound Impressions
Let's get down to business, shall we?
I have done the tests with Focal Spirit One, Mikros 90 , Audeze LCD3, Sennheiser HD800, & FiiO E12 .
Massive Attack – Inertia Creeps
The first thing I observed was the good PRAT. The drums had a good impact and tactility. The instruments also popped into attention very easy and made a good impression.
Johny Cash – The Man Comes Around
I love the FiiO sound signature. The guitars chords and the voice are right there with you playing with your eardrum. The plucks tickle your ears and the voice is very warm and engaging. It really hit on my soft spot.
Rachmaninov – Symphonic Dances
Considering the sound signature of FiiO, I was pleasantly surprise by the performance with this classical masterpiece. The instruments had a very good presence, feel & tactility, especially the lower notes ones. The flutes and similar instruments were more mellow and not so well detailed but very pleasant to the ears, flowing with delicacy and caressing your ears. Some may prefer a more neutral sound, but I found the x3 having an airy presentation also with a decent soundstage making it very suitable for classical music as well.
Tracy Chapman – Speak the Word
Again, I was very impressed with FiiO. The guitars & drums are just awesome. They have a very good tactility and detail, they just make me dance. Also the voice has a very good tonality and texture.
Nirvana – Smells Like Teen Spirit
You would think that the X3 would be excellent with rock considering it's sound signature. Well you cannot be more right. I just cannot stop from headbanging here. The PRAT is amazing and the drums and electric guitars just charge you with energy.
The bass has a very good depth being slightly elevated (the mid-bass ) but very fun to listen to. It has a very good punch and feel overall, making the drums very engaging!
The bass and mid-range is what I love about the X3. It is a little elevated as well making the instruments like guitars, cellos, voices very engaging, tactile and pleasant.
The treble is a little recessed and has no sign of brightness. Many people could prefer more extended treble but X3's treble is mellow and very pleasant to the ears.
I love the attack and the tactility it gives to the instruments. You can feel the guitars and drums like they are near you. The decay is a little slower than the attack giving it a little tubey feel.
The sound has very good definition and detail, in both micro and macro departments.
Excellent PRAT
I cannot stop listening to it. The x3 is very engaging and can rock your world. Don't be surprised if you find yourself acting like this on the street while listening to it.
Am I going to recommend FiiO X3? What? You didn't buy one yet ?
Of course I recommend it. The X3 is just awesome.
At this price the X3 is a steal. I loved it with all the headphones I tested it with, even withHD800 with which made a very good pair sound wise – good bass, engaging and warm sound with no sibilance or brightness.
I even liked the LCD3 with it, though not as much as HD800 which was a better match.
Even though I would recommend the X3 paired with the E12 with LCD3 & HD800, it did a decent job by itself.
So you can take your HD800 from your desktop rig and listen to it in your bedroom for a few hours without a problem.
I seriously don't see any competitor to the X3 in this price range except maybe IBasso DX50 which I haven't heard yet.
- bass with good punch and depth
- detailed in both micro/macro departments
- excellent prat, good dynamics and energy
- very good attack that gives tactility to the instruments
- voices sound very natural and well textured
- very good price
- the build quality is below E12 and E17 material wise
- some may consider the lack of neutrality a con, but in this case it is my kind of coloration
Can't wait to hear the upcoming FiiO X5.
Edited by dan.gheorghe - 11/24/13 at 12:47pm
Did you buy the X3 to use with full sized headphones? You can pick them up dirt cheap on here and since Raz bought the Astell & Kern player that I was going to buy I've been considering one of these for IEMs. This review has kind of helped me overcome the audiophile snobbery I felt towards Filo stuff.
Didn't buy one yet, but I will soon. I love the FiiO products (have the e17 at work) . They are a real bang for the buck. As I said in the review, the x3 is ok if you want to take your HD800 for a few hours into the bedroom with X3. If you are more serious than that with power hungry headphones, I recommend you pare the x3 with e12 which has enough juice (>800mw in 32 ohms).
Edited by dan.gheorghe - 10/16/13 at 6:54am
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Did you buy the X3 to use with full sized headphones? You can pick them up dirt cheap on here and since Raz bought the Astell & Kern player that I was going to buy I've been considering one of these for IEMs. This review has kind of helped me overcome the audiophile snobbery I felt towards Filo stuff.
There is one ak120 for sale presently. Uk. The x3 I also bought went to gf. She loves it.
Edited by negura - 10/16/13 at 10:52am
My gf isn't remotely interested in anything audio related. I doubt whether she'd appreciate the difference between a top of the line STAX system and some Apple earbuds.
How do you find the AK100? The thing that put me off them when they first came out was the ridiculously high output impedance. I was interested in the one you bought with the RWA mod but you got there before me. The AK120 does look tempting at that price.
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It looks sharp and clean Dan!
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THIS IS A DIRECTORY PAGE. Britannica does not currently have an article on this topic.
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...lists" of candidates drawn from all parties, as well as representatives of mass organizations controlled by the communist-dominated SED. Two additional parties, a Democratic Farmers' Party and a National Democratic Party, designed to attract support from farmers and from former Nazis, respectively, were added with the blessing of the SED. By ensuring that...


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Anomalies: The Law of One Price in Financial Markets
- (pp. 191-202)
AbstractThe Law of One price states that identical goods (or securities) should sell for identical prices. In financial markets the law of one price is thought to hold almost exactly, and is the basis for much of financial economic theory. We present evidence on several examples of violations of this law, including closed-end country funds, twin shares, dual class shares, and corporate spinoffs. We analyze the causes of these violations, and show they all stem from some limits on the extent to which rational arbitrageurs can intervene.
Citation2003. "Anomalies: The Law of One Price in Financial Markets." Journal of Economic Perspectives, 17(4): 191-202. DOI: 10.1257/089533003772034952
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Our entertainment options inspire
We in Tiffin are so privileged to have such wonderful opportunities for extremely high-quality entertainment and involvement. The "100 Years of Broadway" production was absolutely marvelous.
When you listen to the mature, controlled voices of the stars of the great productions of "Phantom of the Opera," "Cats," etc. and know that these folks have been heard in New York, Chicago, LA and hundreds of other major cities, and that we have that available here, it's amazing.
It's just so sad our beautiful Ritz Theatre isn't full to overflowing.
Thanks to Mike Strong and all who make this possible.
It was somewhat embarrassing The A-T had "an unknown" singer pictured on the front page; there were programs available and, of the the five vocalists, only one was a blond.
Another terrific venue this past weekend was the international dinner at Tiffin University. For $10, you got an enormous buffet of delectable food from all around the world and a wholeevening of entertainment by international students and a band from Toledo. What a deal.
We are so glad we live in Tiffin.
Beth Shanabrook


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This is a spin off of the CC bouquets. I used mini CC's iced with tip 1M and used the chocolate grad shaped candy molds.
This is really cute! nicely done!
Love that swish "up" with the 1M.....got to get one of those.
like the look you got with the 1M!!!!!!!!!!!
That is so cool! I bet it went over really well.
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What are the favorite things that Disney cruisers like to do? That's a question we get a lot, so rather than tell you, we'll show you!
This month we introduced the Disney Cruise Line Top Five video series, giving you a glimpse of the can't-miss adventures in the Alaskan ports of Skagway, Juneau and Ketchikan.
Now we'll give you the top picks of must-do activities on a Disney ship – for families, children and adults – chosen by Disney Cruise Line fans!
We'll start with this video of the top five fan favorites for your entire family. Check it out and then tell us, what are your top five?