text:
Patent application title: Phase shifted H-Bridge resonant converter with symmetrical currents
Stephen William Smith (Appomattox, VA, US)
IPC8 Class: AH02M3335FI
USPC Class:
363 17
Class name: Including d.c.-a.c.-d.c. converter having transistorized inverter bridge type
Publication date: 2009-02-19
Patent application number: 20090046482
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An H-bridge, phase shifted resonant converter, with symmetrical switched
currents is described. This includes open and short circuit protection,
with phase shift operation to zero output. The proposed circuit includes
an H-bridge converter, employing the use of a "loosely" coupled inductor
in place of the standard series inductor(s) to reduce the peak currents.
In addition, the current will be symmetrical in all of the H-bridge
switching devices. Furthermore, the impedance of the "loosely" coupled
inductor controls the maximum current in the H-bridge in an open, short,
or under load conditions. The "loosely" coupled inductor, with the
addition of a small AC load, enhances the operation of the converter near
zero output.
The control circuit of the H-bridge converter can be modulated to
completely shut off the output without the introduction of complex
1. A high frequency H Bridge switching circuit for power conversion with
symmetrical currents, comprising: a means correcting the currents in the
H Bridge, for driving of various loads, (with or without a transformer)
at the desired constant high frequencies. A first means for reducing the
electrical current, connected to the transformer or load during an
over-load condition. A second means for reducing the no-load currents
supplied to the transformer or load and ending current flow.
2. A switching circuit where the converter will not need to use higher power devices at full load at full power for the application chosen, which will thus reduce the size of the power devices needed for a similar converter required for overload protection.
3. A switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first means for reducing the need of a complex turn off circuit at no load (open circuit), control adjusted to zero output.
4. A switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein the need for peak current control is unnecessary to protect the converter in all operating conditions.
5. A switching circuit, wherein the converters output can be operated above or below resonance.
6. A switching circuit, wherein the converters transformer can be replaced with a resistive load wherein the operation will produce similar results.
[0001]This invention relates to the design of H-Bridge phase-shifted resonant converter. This present invention relates in particular to the operation of the converter in over-load, load, and no-load conditions. The invention reduces stress and potential failures of the devices in the H-Bridge phase-shifted resonant converters.
[0002]Most dc-to-dc converters employing H-Bridge topologies achieve the conversion of a primary dc voltage input to an output regulated dc voltage. Typically, the dc input voltage is converted to an ac voltage (or pulses) by switching devices (transistor, mosfet, insulated gate bipolar transistor or thyristor). The ac voltage is then converted to a regulated dc output voltage. By controlling the duty cycle or the frequency of the ac voltage (or pulses), the desired output voltage or output current regulation can be achieved. These methods of controlling the output are typical of all dc-to-dc converters employing H-Bridge topologies. The introductions of H-Bridge resonant circuits (phase shifted, series, parallel, parallel loaded, etc.) are used for high frequency dc-to-dc conversion. This has been integral to higher power density and efficiency improvements.
[0003]H-Bridge converters of present have reduced the losses associated with switching devices (transistor, mosfet, insulated gate bipolar transistor or thyristor) during turn-on and turn-off transitions. These circuits have not shown to correct, in a "passive manner," the limiting of peak currents in the switching devices. In addition, they do not produce symmetrical currents. These circuits are less than ideal when the converter output (pwm, phase shifted, frequency, and cycle start-stop) is modulated to partial output or near zero output conditions.
[0004]However, controlling the current in the converters with an active current protection scheme does not always result in protecting the switching devices from failures. The circuits attempt to limit the rise of current in the switching devices by shutting down the drive circuitry for the interval required. All switching devices have a specified turn off time and current will continue to flow until the turn off time has been reached. The maximum rated current of a switching device can be exceeded during the specified device turn off interval (defined as the storage time and fall time of the device). In this active protection scheme, this interval is the function of the speed in which the control circuit reacts and the device turn off time. These intervals also change with of the junction temperature of the switching devices. This can exacerbate the failure of the active protection scheme.
[0005]A number of patents address the advantage of H bridge resonant mode dc-dc converters, e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 4,864,479 (Steigerwald et al) issued Sep. 5, 1989, U.S. Pat. No. 5,442,540 (Hula et al.) issued Aug. 15, 1995, U.S. Pat. No. 5,438,497 (Jain et al.) issued Aug. 1, 1995. The historical problems with these power conversion topologies are that the operation of H-Bridge resonant circuits can be compromised in open or short circuit conditions. When the H-Bridge is operated without symmetrical switch currents and peak current limitations, the peak voltages and currents through the H-Bridge switches can be excessive. This often results in switch failure. H-Bridge resonant circuit improvements have contributed greatly to more efficient and cost effective solutions to dc-to dc converters. The proposed invention addresses the condition specific shortcomings described above.
[0006]A H-Bridge resonant circuit is operated in a phase-shifted manner that allows near zero output voltage and currents. This invention proposes the use of a loosely coupled inductor and a small AC load circuit to dissipate the remaining parasitic currents from the switching devices, snubber circuits and resonant tank circuit.
[0007]An object of this invention is to prevent the peak currents from exceeding the switching devices ratings.
[0008]Another object of the invention is to achieve symmetrical operation of the switching devices, which is superior over past dc-to dc converters circuits.
[0009]In one embodiment of the present invention, a comparator turn off circuit will shut off the pulses to the switches in the H-Bridge resonant circuit. This produces zero output voltage and currents.
[0010]Furthermore, introducing a "loosely" coupled inductor controls the maximum symmetrical current in the H-bridge in open, short or under load conditions. This reduces the need for high power switching devices, and complex protection control circuits that add to the cost.
[0011]The final object of this invention is to demonstrate that the introduction of a "loosely" coupled inductor reduces the AC load circuit power requirement as it balances the recycled power from the resonant tank circuit of the H-bridge.
[0012]FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a series parallel loaded H-Bridge resonant converter.
[0013]FIG. 1A-1D illustrates the current waveforms of the resonant tank circuit of a series parallel loaded H-Bridge resonant converter under load, short and open.
[0014]FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a series H-Bridge resonant converter.
[0015]FIG. 2A-2D illustrates the current waveforms of the resonant tank circuit of a series resonant H-Bridge converter under load, short and open.
[0016]FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the proposed invention.
[0017]FIG. 3A-3G illustrates the current and voltage waveforms of the proposed H Bridge phase-shifted converter with symmetrical currents.
[0018]FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a comparator turn off circuit that controls the drive pulses to the switches of the H Bridge.
[0019]While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the specific application of the principals of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied as fully described in the claims, or as otherwise understood by those skilled in the art, without departing from such principals.
[0020]FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a parallel loaded H-Bridge resonant converter according to prior art. RL represents a load, which is equivalent to a transformer rectifier output. The converter operates at a constant switching frequency and is controlled by gate signals applied to Q1-Q4. As seen in the figure, the resonant tank circuit is comprised of L1, C1, and R1. "SW1" represents an open or a shorted load condition across C1. An input DC voltage, V+ is converted to an output voltage Vr and output current Ir, which in turn is applied to RL.
[0021]FIG. 1A is the current IL through RL under normal load conditions, with SW1 closed. The current is at normal amplitude within the design limits.
[0022]FIG. 1B is the current IL through L1, C1, and RL during an abnormal condition shown with SW1 closed across C1 and RL. The current is at the normal amplitude within the design limits. This is the typical operation of a parallel resonant converter with a short across load RL. The converter will operate safely with and output short near resonance.
[0023]FIG. 1C and FIG. 1D is the current IL through RL during abnormal conditions with SW1 opened. The current will keep climbing as shown in FIG. 1C if there is no external control to limit it.
[0024]FIG. 1D is a representation of an over current control using external control circuits. The equation that explains the condition is IL=2VinZo/πr. The term Zo is the AC resistance after SW1 is opened to with a normal load. The normal load current, IL=20 amp. To illustrate, if Vin=320V, Zo=250 ohm, and R=2 ohm, the current IL=127 amps. This over current would destroy the resonant components L1, C1 and the switches Q1-Q4. An over current control circuit cannot reduce this potential catastrophic over current through the components. Circuit design such as this must use higher rated, more costly components to prevent component failures.
[0025]FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an H-Bridge series resonant converter according to prior art. RL represents a load, which is equivalent to a transformer rectifier output. The converter operates at a constant switching frequency and is controlled by gate signals applied to Q1-Q4. As seen in the figure, the resonant tank circuit is comprised of L1, C1, and R1. SW1 represents a short or open in series with RL. When SW1 is closed, this represents a normal output condition. When SW1 is opened, this represents an opened output load condition. When SHORT is applied across SW1 and RL, this represents a shorted output condition. An input DC voltage, V+, is converted to an output voltage, Vr, and output current, Ir that in turn is applied to RL.
[0026]FIG. 2A illustrates the current IL through RL during normal output load conditions with SW1 closed. The current is at of normal amplitude and within the design limits.
[0027]FIG. 2B is the current IL through L1, C1, and RL during an abnormal condition, with an open SW1. The current is at zero amplitude and within the design limits. This is the typical operation of a series resonance converter with an open output load RL. The converter will operate safely with the output open near resonance.
[0028]FIG. 2C and FIG. 2D illustrate the current IL through RL during abnormal conditions with SHORT across SW1 and RL. The current will keep climbing as shown in FIG. 2C if there is no external control to limit it.
[0029]FIG. 2D illustrates an over current control using external control circuits. The equation that explains the condition is IL=2Vin/πr. In a normal output load, the current IL=20 amp. The SHORT is applied across SW1 and RL to illustrate a shorted output load. For instance, if Vin=320V, and R=2 ohm the current IL=102 amp. This over current would destroy the resonant components L1, C1 and the switches Q1-Q4. Again, an over current control circuit cannot reduce this potential catastrophic over current through the components. Again this circuit design must use higher rated, more costly components to prevent component failures.
[0030]FIG. 3 illustrates a phase shifted H bridge resonant converter with symmetrical currents in which the input is driven by a dc source voltage Vin. Input capacitor 31 reduces the ripple voltage of input voltage Vin. Input capacitor 31 supplies the energy to switching devices S1, S2, S3, and S4 (IGBT's shown with internal freewheeling diode). Energy returned from switching devices S1, S2, S3, S4 is stored in capacitor 31 during turn off intervals S1, S2, S3, and S4 form a bridge converter input. The series combination of S1 and S2 is connected in parallel across capacitor 31 and the series combination of switching devices S3 and S4.
[0031]In FIG. 3 the snubber network across S1, is comprised of capacitor 9, diode 5, and resistor 10. The snubber network across S2 is comprised of capacitor 11, diode 6, and resistor 12. The snubber network across S3 is comprised of capacitor 14, diode 7, and resistor 13. The snubber network across S4 is comprised of capacitor 16, diode 8, and resistor 15. These components form the turn off loss circuit, and partial AC bleed for S1-S4 switches. Capacitors 17 and capacitor 18 are the high frequency AC coupling capacitors for the resonant tank circuit comprised of coupled inductor 32 in series with transformer 21, resonant capacitors 22 and 23. Capacitor 19 and resistor 20 across coupled inductor 16 form the main AC bleeder network. The output consists of Transformer 21, diodes 24, 25, 26, 27, inductor 28, capacitor 29, and load 30 (resistive load).
[0032]In FIG. 3, the DC output voltage is controlled by a fixed frequency by phase shifting of the two half bridge legs. The four switching devices S1-S4 have considerable lower current rating than employed in other switching converters. The switches depicted in FIG. 3 are IGBT's (insulated bipolar transistors) with a freewheeling diode or they could be replaced with FET (field effect transistor) with an accompanying freewheeling diode. Therefore, the circuit in FIG. 3 is more amendable to integration, which is desirable for higher power density.
[0033]FIG. 3A illustrates the current waveform during a full load, normal operation. This is the combined current from the junction of the loosely coupled inductor 32, in series with transformer 21 and the capacitors 22 and 23. The current in is sinusoidal and at full output power.
[0034]FIG. 3B illustrates the full output current waveforms in the coupled inductor branches. The currents are equal and symmetrical. The two half bridges (S1, S2 legs and S3, S4 legs) are in phase during full output power.
[0035]Referring to FIG. 3, the operational interval sequence is as follows. The operation begins when switches S1 and S3 are gated on and are conducting, thus supplying the full dc input voltage through capacitors 17 and 18, inductor 32 to transformer 21 and charges capacitors 22 and 23. The current through the transformer 21 is driven positive. The snubber caps 11 and 16 are charged to the dc input voltage during this first interval. At the end of this interval, switch S1 is turned off and switch S3 is still on. When S1 opens, capacitor 9 is charged to the voltage Vin through diode 5. S3 continues driving current through the loosely coupled inductor 32, capacitor 17, towards ground through the anti-parallel diode of switch S2, which in turn, discharges capacitor 11 through resistor 12. The voltage across switch S2 is now zero.
[0036]The second interval proceeds when switch S2 turns on. S3 turns off, and capacitor 14 is charged to the voltage Vin through diode 7. S2 continues driving current through the loosely coupled inductor 32, capacitor 18, towards ground through the anti-parallel diode of switch S4, which in turn, discharges capacitor 16 through resistor 15. The voltage across switch S4 is now zero.
[0037]The third interval proceeds when switch S4 is turned on, with switch S2 still on, which discharges capacitors 22, 23 through transformer 21, inductor 32, and capacitors 17, 18. The current through transformer 21 is driven negative from the stored charge of capacitors 22, 23, through loosely coupled inductor 32, capacitors 17, 18. At the end of this interval, switch S2 is turned off and switch S4 is still on. The loosely coupled inductor 32 starts to drive current towards the DC buss Vin, through capacitor 17, the anti-parallel diode of switch S1, and discharges capacitor 9 through resistor 10. The voltage across switch S1 is now zero.
[0038]In the fourth interval, S1 turns on. The loosely coupled inductor 32 starts to drive current towards the DC buss Vin, through capacitor 18, the anti-parallel diode of switch S3, and discharges capacitor 14 through resistor 13. Interval 1 now repeats. This completes the sequence. The resulting current waveform through transformer 21 is shown in FIG. 3A. Branch currents through inductor 32 are shown in FIG. 3B. The above intervals describe the proposed phase shifted H bridge resonant converter with the loosely coupled inductor 32.
[0039]The loosely coupled inductor 32 balances the current through the two branches S1, S2 and S3, S4 during full output conditions. The resulting current through the two branches is shown in FIG. 3B and is equals one half of the total current through transformer 21. The total current is shown in FIG. 3A.
[0040]FIG. 3C illustrates the converter current through transformer 21, when driven into over load, as in a near short condition of resistor 30. The current waveform illustrates that the overload does not exceed 125% of the normal load current. The operating frequency and chosen impedances of the loosely coupled inductor 32 and capacitors 22, and 23, are designed to prevent current overload from exceeding this value.
[0041]FIG. 3D illustrates the converter current waveform through the loosely coupled inductor 32 in branch S1, S2 or S3, S4 and transformer 21. The current can never exceed the value of Vlm=2πFLIm. This states that the voltage across the loosely coupled inductor 32 in branch S1, S2, or S3, S4, is equal to the frequency times the current applied to the inductor.
[0042]Furthermore, the Q of the circuit is relatively flat, which results in lack of harmonics near resonance that cause the current to rise at an uncontrollably rate. The impedance of the circuit is based on Q=2π L/2Ri and Zo= 2L/C. Ri represents the impedance of transformer 21, and all the output components on the secondary side. When shorted to zero, there would be no Q and only the inductor current through the loosely coupled inductor 32. The current waveform would be triangular and conform to equation E=Ldi/dt. Hence, this demonstrates the converter currents through branches S1, S2, or S3, S4 would not exceed the desired maximum current.
[0043]In an open output load, impedance of transformer 21 becomes a high resistance (Ri). There is only a small current through the loosely coupled inductor 32. The current through loosely coupled inductor 32 would be triangular and Ri becomes a large resistance (Q=2π L/2Ri). The resulting Q of the circuit approaches zero. The resulting currents through branches S1, S2, or S3, S4, and capacitors 21, 23 would be reduced below the desired maximum current of the design.
[0044]Thus, this converter is inherently short and open circuit protected by the impedances of the resonant circuits.
[0045]FIG. 3F illustrates the currents through the loosely coupled inductor 32 in branch S1, S2, and branch S3, S4 with output control at 50% load. The currents are symmetrical to each other. This condition occurs because of the loose coupling of the inductor, which helps balance, these branch currents.
[0046]FIG. 3G illustrates the currents through the loosely coupled inductor 32 in branch S1, S2, and branch S3, S4 with output control to zero, under no load. The loosely coupled inductor 32, and AC bleeder components (capacitor 19 and resistor 20) balance the no load current equally in both branches. This nulls the branch current to a small value.
[0047]FIG. 4 illustrates a partial control scheme typically used to in phase-shifted converters. The control circuit can turn the remainder of the current to the transformer completely off, if desired. The addition of Comparator U9 will turn off Q5, which in turn, terminates the pulses to the output. The comparator level is adjusted at a voltage less than the slope of the ramp of the error amplifier. This method assures that the phase-shift to minimum output will occur before the output pulses are terminated. An error amplifier section is typically connected to the PWM (pulse width modulator). This control scheme is designed to work from a Dc range of -0.3 Vdc to +5Vdc.
[0048]The loosely coupled inductor 32 in FIG. 3 is of unique construction. The design is crucial for the performance of this converter. The core is of Nickel-Zinc Ferrite material and has a C Core shape. There are two coils with one coil on each leg of the C Core. The turns on each leg of the coils must be equal. The coils are attached in series, the center point of which becomes the point of attachment to the transformer. The end attachment points are connected to capacitors 17 and 18. The open ends of the C Core must be closed with Nickel-Zinc Ferrite material with a gap. The inductance, core gap, and current requirements are established for the design. The loosely coupled inductor 32 is connected as described above with the output conditions set at no load and zero output (phase-shifted to zero without the comparator circuit mentioned above). Measurements are taken of the branch currents in the proposed circuit. The placement of the coils on the C core is adjusted manually, up or down, to establish the minimum output current and balanced branch currents. The coil placement on the core is thus established.
[0049]Therefore, when the loosely coupled inductor is designed correctly, under a no load and zero output condition, the resulting output voltage and current will approach zero. The currents through the branches S1, S2, and S3, S4 will be equal and balanced.
[0050]A secondary function of capacitors 17 and 18 is to isolate the DC from the output of the two half bridges mentioned above, allowing the transformer to be replaced with a resistive load. This allows the proposed circuit to be used for other applications other than power supplies such as induction heating.
Patent applications in class Bridge type
Patent applications in all subclasses Bridge type
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Almost Too-Easy Potato-Chicken-Cheese Soup
Total Time
Prep 5 mins
Cook 20 mins
This soup is so good, they will think it took much longer. Sprinkle a little cheddar on top to make it even better.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1 (5 1/4 ounce) packagebetty crocker au gratin potatoes
- 2 cups milk
- 1 cup cut-up cooked chicken (I use canned)
- 2 tablespoons minced onions
- 3 (14 ounce) cans chicken broth
- 1 (10 ounce) package frozen mixed vegetables
- Mix everything (including sauce mix from pkg) in 4 qt pan.
- Bring to a boil, stirring.
- Reduce heat and simmer for 15 minutes or until vegetables are tender.
Most Helpful
Made this tonight for dinner and it was very good, family all liked it. I did not use any onion as family doesn't care for it, also used a box of 4 cheese scalloped potatoes which was all I had. Used a bag of frozen vegetables for soup and added some ex-wide broad noodles and let them cook right in the soup plus 1 cup of half & half in addition to the milk as it was getting a little too thick after adding the noodles. Easy, quick and delicious. It's a keeper.
I loved the ingredients of this soup. It is a good starter soup, which you then jazz up a bit. Here is what I did. Read the reviews. Used all your ingredients except canned chicken-used fresh, didn't add frozen mixed veggies and used a package of cheese and bacon scalloped potatoes. Now to jazz it up. Doubled the soup. Added 1/2 large onion, finely chopped, leaves of celery finely chopped, finely chopped leftover carrots, and thickened it with flour and extra milk, plus added a little extra bouillon powder. Excellent thick, hearty soup. Will be making again maybe with a few more changes, may try the instant mashed potatoes.
WOW! I just made this. So easy and very delicious. I only used one cup of milk and extra water since I don't mind my soups thinner. Don't care for canned chicken, I used Tysons grilled and ready Chicken chunks ( which are awesome to keep a bag in the freezer) and added a can of corn & pepper. YUMMY!!


text:
Sailing is a fairly small community, so people get to know one another pretty well, almost like a family.
On a boat, the core crew often IS family. But blood relatives or not, a crew that enters a distance race will have no secrets. Snoring, digestive ills, hygiene (or lack) and worse are all well-known if you have, say, seven or eight people sharing a 35-foot boat for two or three days (probably the "average" Mac experience).
The section in which you compete becomes an extended family that you expect to see regatta after regatta. You know them in the dark by silhouette and the placement of their running lights, or other quirks, such as the crew having a singalong at night that you can hear miles away across the quiet lake.
The extended Chicago yachting family comes together for the Mac, along with distant cousins from the Midwest and around the world.
Monday I had to knock on the door of a sailing family who had just suffered a tragedy.
Their grief was unique:
Never before had a life been lost to an accident during the Chicago to Mackinac Race, and the preceding stormy night, this family had lost two of the eight people aboard when a boat co-owned by four childhood friends capsized.
As sorry as I was to knock on thier door, there was no way to understand what the people behind it were feeling. I'm glad they consented to talk, which cleared up some of the rumors and dock-talk. The coulda-woulda-shoulda second-guessing that often accompanies such tragedies.
From all accounts they did everything right, but as one of the rescued sailors said, "sometimes the weather doesn't follow the rules."
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Original articles from our library related to the Yearbook Academics. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Yearbook Academics.
- The Horned God in India and Europe
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- Principal Lynne Joseph, who dressed up as the Pennichuck yearbook, praised student and staff enthusiasm for the reading program, now in its second week out of the total four.
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Hotel Santa Costanza - Rome
The elegant Hotel Santa Costanza is just a short walk from the wonderful gardens of Villa Torlonia, featuring the Casina delle Civette, as well as from the Mausoleo di Santa Costanza with its catacombs. The Bioparco, the 42-acre zoological garden, is a 10-minute drive away. Bus and metro stations are nearby.
Perfectly placed and easy to reach from the main Roman attractions with a short metro ride, the hotel offers a quiet haven in one of the city's loveliest residential areas.
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Lately i've been drawing pages from the attack on titan manga, except with pokemon, because uhh who knows! but its kinda fun and good practice :) Here on this page i'll be listing the exact chapter & page number each page is based on.
Ch. 1: Page 51 - That Day (NEWEST)
Ep. 2: Anime Scene - Armoured Aggron Appears
Ch. 3: Page 41 - Charmeleon confronts the Colossal Ampharos
Ch. 7: Page 31 - Rogue Charizard Appears
Ch. 22: Page 35 - Female Blaziken Appears
Ch. 22. Page 41 - Armin and the Female Blaziken
Ch. 30: Page 18 - Captain Lucario vs Female Blaziken
Season 1 of Attack on Titan ends at the end of Chapter 33, so after this point there are manga spoilers, be warned!
Ch. 42: Page 42 - Mega Charizard vs Armoured Aggron
Ch. 49: Page 33 - Commander Gallade vs Ampharos
Ch. 50: Page 32 - Smiling Mr. Mime Returns
Ch. 58: Page 31 - Captain Lucario vs Central Military Machoke
Ch. 63: Pages 13-14 - Doctor Alakazam vs Queen Gardevoir
Season 3??????????
Ch. 74: Page 28 - Captain Lucario vs Aggron
Human cast:
104th Cadets:
Eren: Charmeleon
Mikasa: Lopunny
Armin: Victini
Annie: Combusken
Sasha: Sneasel
Connie: Monferno
Jean: Wartortle
Christa: Mawile
Ymir: Sableye
Scouting Legion/Stationary Troops/Military Police:
Levi: Lucario
Erwin: Gallade
Mike: Ursaring
Hannes: Floatzel
Kenny: Zoroark
Rod: Slowking
Frieda: Gardevoir
Grisha: Alakazam
Zeke: Slaking
Carla: Delphox
Titan cast:
Rogue Titan: Mega Charizard X
Colossal Titan: Mega Ampharos
Armoured Titan: Mega Aggron
Female Titan: Mega Blaziken
Smiling Titan: Mr. Mime
Ape Titan: Slaking
Dancing Titan: Mega Sableye
Half-Baked Dumbass: Slowking
Basically each titan is a fully evolved pokemon and the titan shifters are mega pokemon.
I will update these lists whenever I draw a new page
If there's a particular manga page you really wanna see done with pokemon, feel free to mention it :) Can't promise anything though, bye!
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text:
Donald Givens, 59, of Amarillo died Tuesday, June 24, 2003.
Memorial services will be at 6 p.m. today in Oakdale Grace Fellowship with Phil Bickerstaff officiating. Private family burial will be at a later date. Arrangements are by Blackburn-Shaw Funeral Directors Memorial Chapel, Fifth Avenue and Pierce Street.
Mr. Givens was born in Walterboro, N.C., and served with the Air Force during the Vietnam War. He had been a resident of Amarillo for more than 30 years and was a locksmith.
Survivors include his girlfriend, Kris Moore of Amarillo; an adopted daughter, Terri George of Warwick, R.I.; three grandchildren, Bethany George, Faith George and Dakota Ince; his parents, Evelyn and Edward Givens of Raleigh, N.C.; and a sister, Margo Goreing.
Amarillo Globe-News, June 26, 2003
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Question – Why Do We Keep Buying Bad Books?
Ever been in the middle of a really great series that turned BAD?
That first less than stellar installment is disappointing. Maybe it even makes you angry. But is a single bad book enough to make you quit a series that up to that point has been an excellent investment of your time?
But what about when the next book is crap too. And the next . . .
Maybe you aren't as stubborn as I am, or maybe you have more self-control . . . or maybe you don't, and you find yourself in the same situation—continuing to buy books from a series that is LONG passed it sell by date.
WHY do we do this?
I combed my Goodreads bookshelves looking for examples, and accidentally stumbled across the (MY) reason instead. It can all be boiled down to one word:
You see, amidst the series I stubbornly continue to purchase despite them having more bad to mediocre installments than good ones, were the series where that gamble paid off. One of them—Mercy Thompson—is even on my Top 5 UF series list. People, I did not like the first two books at ALL. If I had been as overwhelmed with books when I first met Mercy as I am now, I never would have continued the series. But I was bored. So I kept reading, and oh-happy-day, book 3 was pretty darn good. So was book 4, then lo and behold, book 5 was friggin' awesome.
Gamble. Paid. Off.
Something similar happened with Carrie Vaughn's Kitty Norville series. I DNF-ed the first book the first time I tried to read it. Kitty was a submissive mess, and I was pretty much disgusted with her character. Then about a year later, I picked it up again b/c bored (<——it's a pattern). I pushed through the first part of the book, and before the end it became apparent that Kitty was in transition, and left to her own devices, she absolutely wasn't the reprehensible excuse of a female that she first appeared to be. I kept reading the series, and it took awhile, but Vaughn's writing style really grew on me. Now I always get around to reading whatever new books she comes out with.
And as one of my friends pointed out to me earlier this week, ALL series have MEH installments. We just ride the wave.
So that's why I do it. Do you have different reasons? Or even BETTER, do you avoid this entirely (and care to share with the rest of the class your tried and true refusal tactics)?
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94 Comments
YES I actually really enjoyed those Kitty Norville reads, a lot of people hated the first book but the ones thereafter were pretty enjoyable! thanks for the reminder, I really should get back into them again!
About the topic, sometimes we're so invested in the character and the plot that we don't want to believe that it's gone wayward, but sometimes that does happen. These days I'm a lot more lenient with giving up a series because of the ever looming TBR.
Jeann recently posted…Blog Tour: Giveaway, Review & Interview for Spark by Rachael Craw
I know exactly what you mean. Especially with book one of a series. There are some really great series out there where the first book is less than "meh". I always try to push through at least two books before I refuse to move on. The Kitty Norville series is one where I got two books in and stopped, but I've been thinking of picking it back up again. Marguerite Gavin, who narrates The Hollows series, narrates those books, which makes me want to give them a try on audio. After your comments above, I think I might need to push them up higher on my TBL list, which seems to be growing exponentially this audiobook month. 🙂
Melanie Simmons recently posted…My Favorite Audiobook Series Giveaway #audiobookmonth #JIAM2014
Usually if I really can't stand the first book I probably won't continue, but a few times it was later books in the series that disappointed me and I loved the first one. I had bought the whole trilogy of a particular one after loving the first book, and I didn't like the other two at all. I guess you're right, we just want to hope that it gets better, and from experience it has. For me it was the Shifters series by Rachel Vincent. The first book was ok, but they got better and better as I read more and now I love that series.
Kelsey recently posted…Review: The Vanishing Season by Jodi Lynn Anderson
I have zero tolerance for bad books, so if I'm reading a series and one book is blech, then I'll drop the series. I'm not a big fan of series though, and right now there's only three that I'm actively reading.
Finley Jayne recently posted…{Big Changes are Here!} I'm Totally Revamping My Reading System: Part Three
Hmm, the Kitty series lost me around book five and I have not been back. Maybe it is time to get back into it again?
I read through a lot of bad Star Wars books not because of hope of anything getting better; only because I wanted to know how a few particular plot lines ended. Wasn't worth.
Nathan ( recently posted…Tough Traveling â Minions
Boredom. That's one reason I continue with a series. Not so much anymore with all the books I have/want to read, but boredom is a THING, man.
Amanda recently posted…Miss the Elusive Memories Release Party? Catch the Replay
At this point I actually just drop series that aren't working for me but I add the next books on my TBR list anyway because of that silly little thing that perches in our soul, HOPE that it gets better. It definitely paid off with the Mercedees Thompson series.. although I've had tons of ups and downs with that series.
I guess sometimes if things are not going well, I'll take a break and them come back to it later. There are some series I refuse to finish because that is how I roll and others, I put off for later and others I BINGE read. 😛
Fantastic discussion post, Jess! 🙂
Rashika recently posted…ARC Review: The Bees by Laline Paull
I do give up at one point, but always too late
blodeuedd recently posted…India Black and the Shadows of Anarchy – Carol K. Carr
This reminded me of KCole's Immortals After Dark series. I don't really think that the first book and the prequel novella was particularly bad but I just wasn't that interested continuing on until I got my hands on the audiobooks and decided to try it out again because I was bored (this can also be a pattern for me) and I'm really glad I did because the series got better. Not all the books were created equal, I had my top favorites and even though I was really frustrated with MacRieve, that book will not stop me from continuing on this series. I'm not sure I was actually on point here but great topic Jessica! 🙂
Amir recently posted…Audiobook Review: The Secret Diary of Lizzie Bennet by Bernie Su and Kate Rorick
Haha, I don't have the same reason as you. It's not about hope for me. It's about having a series completed, especially in physical copy. Like, if I bought 2 books in a series of 6 but didn't quite enjoy it, I will look for sales so I can get the next and finish the series so it doesn't stay all alone incompleted. I also usually read those sequel, duh, they're not just for decoration. BUT, if I really hated a first book (or two) I bought, I will get rid of the book(s) so I don'r feel bad about not buying the rest. Usually, I give the books to charity along with some clothes at the same time so I'm not feeling bad. 🙂 Lol, that is my reason but I agree with the hope part too, just don't quite feel it. This is an interesting post, thanks for sharing! 😀
Lola recently posted…BOOK TOUR: review & giveaway of Carnelian by B. Kristin McMichael
I try to give a series the benefit of the doubt and at least try the second…and if I saw some improvement in book 2 then book 3…a shot. If it hasn't grabbed me by at least that third installment then I will usually say goodbye, unless someone I trust really, really well smacks me on the head and says No! You must read I promise it's worth it.
Traci recently posted…Author Interview ~ Molly Harper ~ Better Homes and Hauntings
I completely agree and I do the same thing. I have series of books that I know I will never finish because I tried the first two books and never liked either but yet, I still bought the others in the series. Why? I might be crazy is why but on the other hand, what if? What if I DO pick them back up and then fall in love with them?
What? It could happen. There goes that "hope" thing again.
kindlemom1 recently posted…Cover Reveal and Giveaway: Love and Other Theories by Alexis Bass
Oh, I don't know. I think it's that we want to give the series a second chance. I've done that quite a few times. But if I'm never sure… I usually loan it from someone.
Really, I'm not sure. I'm a cheap head when it comes to books – freebies for the win! I'm not sure that's buying, lol. 😉
Sophia recently posted…The Pressures of Bestselling Books
Well, I don't buy bad books – I kinda have to know I'll be getting quality before I plonk my money down on it, either a trusted author or an ARC I've read that I've loved and need to get the retail copy. But if your question is why I keep READING bad books, well…like you said, it's sometimes out of sheer habit! I know exactly what you mean about the Mercy Thompson books too. They weren't bad – but seriously, the first few were nothing to write home about, considering how there are a lot more noteworthy UF out there. But like you I kinda soldiered on…but I'd gotten them on audiobooks through my library, so that made it easier!
Mogsy recently posted…Tough Traveling: Minions
I struggled with this pre-blogging, but now will abandon them. That is not to say that I might not pick them up on sale and give them a go. I just don't race out to get my hands on them when they first release. Instead I focus on those series that give me that book high I constantly chase.
kimbacaffeinate recently posted…Five Ways to Fall by K.A. Tucker
Now that I blog i've become pretty picky with the books i buy so i dont tend to read as many bad books as i did in my preblogging days but sometimes when a series unexpectedly goes downhill i still continue buying the books because like you said I have hope it gets better. If anything i just read them several months after their release date. But thats it. Also once i have the first few books in a series on my shelf k want the series completed.
Lily recently posted…The Kiss of Deception(The Remnant Chronicles#1):Review
I might be a glutton for punishment when it comes to some things but not when it comes to this..LOL I'm less inclined to keep buying a series if it goes bad for me. I might borrow them from the library if I'm curious, but I'm not shelling out money for crappy books! One bad egg is okay, two in a row and I'm dumping the series! 🙂
Lori recently posted…DNF Review: Ghouls Rush In by H.P. Mallory
I think it would be different if I had more time and was bored and all that. But lately I've been too busy and have had very little time to read. So one bad book and I'm through, at least for the time being. But I agree it definitely pays off, especially when the first book in a series is just so-so, but the rest of the series gets awesome (Vampire Academy for example). So I might have more patience for a first book if the world/characters interest me. But if a long series starts to have bad books, I take it as the author is bored with the series too.
Julie S. recently posted…That's what HE said Thursday- June 26, 2014
I read a book once that I absolutely hated. If I were writing reviews at that time I would have beat it to shreds.
…I bought the second book in that series directly after the first. I just can't let mysteries stay unsolved, you know? I almost bought the third after that, but I really had to take a step back and think about the fact that I really didn't even like these books.
I'm a smart (cheap) book buyer so when I give up on a series, I abjure it altogether. Now for bad first books, I shamelessly return them to Amazon (thank god for that!), keeping it won't be a smart purchase LOL
Braine Talk Supe recently posted…Year 3.4: Burned by Tara Sivec + Love Letters & Giveaway
YES JESSICA!!!! I'm the exact same way. I just keep thinking to myself "this series is bound to get better, things can only go up right? And I want to be there when they do." And thus I keep on buying the books waiting for the moment when my stubborn hope for series improvement is validated. Glad you stuck things out with Mercy, that's definitely one of my favorite series as well!
Oh! I have shamed myself by reading so many Goodkind books. It was before I found online resources to get recommendations. And then I just kept reading trying to figure out why it was so highly recommended (by someone IRL, that I no longer listen to 😉 ). I know better now. I don't have time to keep reading books that I wonder how they can be so bad. I can completely understand giving a series one or two books leeway if you have previously enjoyed it though. You can't help by hope.
Lisa recently posted…Tough Traveling – Minions of the Dark Lord
The first and second books are usually now make it or break it for me. It is normal for the first in a series to be a 3 star for me and then the second being way strong especially if it is a debut. So I'll give them another shot for them to build things more. If it's still a 3 at that point the past two to three years I've been doing catch and release and just letting those babies go.
Unless I really really have some sort of attachment or curiosity and feel like there is going to be a turn around. now a days though i have no problem with giving up after two books. I used to finish everything but now I just don't have the time I have to keep in the know on newer stuff and some stuff just isn't worth continuing.
Tabitha (Not Yet Read) recently posted…Fan Art Up! (11) – A Barricade in Hell & Tough Traveling – Minions!
I think that one of the reasons that we do this, besides hope, is because in order to appreciate the great books, we need to buy and read the bad ones. It may be a waste of money if you ask me, but we book readers, are masochists, in my opinion. Sometimes the pain of reading a bad book makes us better readers and reviewers.
Dre recently posted…Review 181 : The Truth About Alice by Jennifer Mathieu
This is an easy question, though my answer is kind of sad. I keep buying bad books because there are no public libraries in my city and my friends don't read the same books I do. It's a good thing I'm a bit of a bibliomaniac, because I can justify every purchase to myself! =P
But there have been times when I disliked an installment so much that I realised the author and I would have to part ways. The last time that happened, I gave her another chance with the next book, got disappointed again, and then read all the spoilers for the one after that–which convinced me I'd hate it, too. In general, when I stop buying, I stop reading.
Oh, yes! Hope is a big thing with these. Like.. You see the potential of what it could be and hope it turns out that way.. someday. It was the same for me with Jennifer Estep's Elemental Assassin series as it was for you with Mercy. I have left some series though and that was simply because.. well, they're not for me. I can live with a little more meh installments if I feel like it, but there are a few series that you can just tell that they won't be for you no matter what. Great discussion, Jess!
Siiri recently posted…Review: Coming Home by Priscilla Glenn
I give a new author/series 2 chances. If I'm not hooked by then I'm done. An old favorite I might make a little more leeway but not by much. After a dud I'll pick up the next one and try. If that one's a dud I may pick them up again at some point but I won't rush to buy release day and will likely wait until I find it at the used or thrift stores. My tbr pile is way too long and funds not big enough for series that aren't totally doing it for me. I'm probably missing out on some good ones here and there but I'm okay taking that chance 🙂
anna recently posted…Devil's Game (Reapers #3) by Joanna Wylde
Oh yes – it's definitely hope! Though I have to say, I don't tend to have the same hopes early on in a series – it's only after I've come to love characters that I let hope conquer a not-so-great installment. Case in point for me is also the Mercy Thompson series. I actually loved the first few books. But Rivermarked signaled a downward move for me. I actually LOVED that book because I love the Native American folklore – but I wasn't giddy about the change in Adam & Mercy's relationship and I missed the pack. The next book – Frost Burned – was just ok. It just didn't grab me like the earlier books had – but I was NOT giving up on Mercy! And what do you know? Night Broken jerked me back to attention. So hope paid off. And that's why I don't give up on series that I've loved. But if I'll give up on a series if the early books don't grab me – though I do try at least 2 (if it was ok, not bad) before I give up on any series. Awesome post!!
Berls recently posted…Book Blog Walkers Check-in 26
I can't help it. And I think you nailed it — I HOPE the next book will be better. I HOPE that magic will reappear. I even give second chances to series where I DNFed the first book. Possibly, I'm a hopeless case when it comes to books.
Mary recently posted…Multiple Mini Swarms: Paranormal Romance
Totally agree with this post. I do know what you mean about the Kitty series. I think that is my favorite part is how much she transforms throughout the series.
Melissa (Books and Things) recently posted…Smexy Reads: Eternity and a Day by Aline Hunter
I think all series tend to have those books that we just can't stand and want to throw out the window. However, it is worth sticking with a series that was great up until that book because it could just be that book. If there are 2-3 bad books in a row then I will consider dropping a series. A lot of times I just lose interest because it is hard to keep up with the series go out to book 25!
Alexa recently posted…Deep Green Promo
You hit the nail on the head! HOPE is the exact reason I carry on. I hope the next book is better and the author sort of brings it all together or something drastically amazing happens. I still really want to try Mercy Thompson – good to know it pays off from book 3 🙂
Great post Jessica 🙂
Chene Sterckx recently posted…Audio Book Review: The Drive-By Wife by Mike Wells
Oh great post, Jessica and I can totally relate to it. I've been starting some series and then the sequel turned to be everything but amazing but still I rarely ever give up. There is always that HOPE that one day you'll feel that awesomeness from the previous books. Great post! 🙂
Tanja recently posted…Cover Reveal: Just as You Are by June Stevens
This is a very good question Jessica! For me I guess it depends on how invested I am in the series or how much it seems to drag along, even if the books aren't exactly bad…
I gave up on the Anita Blake series cause they got weird, I don't mind me some nice steamy action, but when the book is just unbeatable bad guy that gets beaten by Anita and most of the books is all about the sex and how it controls her… nah, not my thing!
I gave up on the House of Night series because things just seemed to get more and more twisted and half of the twists and complications seemed just to happen to stretch the series one more book at a time… I feel like I want to know what happens, but I can't be arsed to read more books!
Series that I've continued despite not being 100% happy about the final books? The Sookie Stackhouse books, since book 8 or 9 I felt like more things were thrown in willy nilly and characters changed their behaviour from previous books, that and Eric was becoming a bit of a powerless jerk, but I was invested in the series and decided to continue, to my disappoinment in the final book, so meh!
And a series that I'm glad I continued even if a pair of books were a bit more meh? The Chicagoland Vampires books! There was a bit of a slump with a pair of the middle books, but the latest ones I've loved and I'm very much eagerly awaiting the next!
Pili recently posted…Saturday Pages: The Westing Game by Ellen Raskin!!!
I don't think I can relate much to this. I do a very bad job at following series books. I haven't even continued those I loved. So I can only imagine that continuing something I hate would be some sort of miracle. I think the only time this would happen is if I bought the entire series before reading it. I tend to do that because I hate waiting. 😛
Francine Soleil recently posted…random sketch #fashionary
A boring first book isn't necessarily a deal breaker for me as long as people tell me it gets better.
I have quit several series though because I just can't handle bleh books and watch it all go downhill.
I quit BDB (for now anyway – I *may* get back to that one), the Merry Gentry series, Sookie Stackhouse after book #10, Gena Showalter's LotU and a few more.
I used to get twitchy thinking I was missing something but when I cave I just end up wanting to throw the book so quitting seems healthier lol
If I read a first book in a series and love like wh0a, the next move is to get all of the books in the series, and read then whenever I get the time :)) I am quite OCD about collecting things, lol, and if I love the first book from a series I will have the urge to "collect" the entire series. Need I mention I often end up not reading them for maybe years? :)) I suck.
But if I don't love-love it, just like it, I go on a book-by-book series. If any of them falls under the 3 reading experience rating, I will drop the series with no regrets, most likely. Maybe if I see rave reviews of some future books from peeps whose opinion I value, I'll pick it up again.
Short answer, there is no escape from book hoarding :))
Livia recently posted…Shiver by Maggie Stiefvater
Because of the waiting pile of books in the read pile I am learning to say goodbye to series a little easier when they aren't working for me. The first series that comes to mind is the House of Night series. It still pains me a little that I have most of the books on my bookshelf and the set isn't complete but I just can't read anymore of the series. So…I may hoard the series but still not read it. 😉
Ginny recently posted…No FEAR #UtopYA2014 Book Convention
I'm not really familiar with the books you've mentioned, but all I could think about, while reading your post, is my experience with the House of Night series. Full disclosure: It didn't get any better, but I keep reading it anyway until I got fed up and drop the series altogether. It took me 7 books to realized that. Ugh. Same goes with The Vampire Diaries and The Immortals series by Alyson Noel. Double ugh.
I rarely give up on books, but now I'm learning not to sacrifice myself just because I'm bored or has nothing else to read especially when it comes to a series I don't like. I'd rather not read than subject myself to that kind of torture.
Sarah P. recently posted…I am back!
I generally will abandon a book series if one book is bad. I haven't found that it gets better from there. In fact, if I'm halfway through a book and it's gone bad, I'll often either abandon it or skim through the rest of it. Of course, if I've purchased a book, I'm far less likely to abandon it than if I've gotten it free! Something about that financial commitment.
I'm not sure that I'm quite as forgiving as I think I am BUT I did really try with Abbi Glines. I've read several of her books and there hasn't been one I liked and I certainly don't want to use the word hate buuuuuuuuuuuut…if the shoe fits? *shrugs* Everyone kept telling me to hang in there and that it would get better. And the heroine's were ALWAYS poor and waiting for the rich hero to come and rescue them. I'm not a fan of the Cinderella syndrome. Anyway, long story short…I kept buying her books until my hope fizzled out…
This was a great question to ask fellow readers! 😉
Cristina recently posted…Meet the Reviewers
We keep hoping that books will get better. That is why I rarely dnf books. I usually hope that the book will improve. That happened with Splintered by A.C. Gaughen. I really wasn't enjoying the book, but I forced myself to finish it and still didn't like it which is hard because everybody loves the book.
I used to read these books about a vampire queen.. Betsy (http://maryjanicedavidson.net/vampire-romance-novels/betsy-the-vampire-queen) they started out soooo good and then just fell apart. The author even apologized at the beginning of the last one I read when I finally quit. I thought .. if the author knows they are bad that is sad. I held on though for a long long time.
Angie recently posted…Top Ten Tuesday- Classic Books
I think hope is a big part of why we keep going. And if there's SOMETHING we like or are curious about, you kinda wanna know how things turn out. I LOATHE the Shifter series by Rachel Vincent, for example (although I love her YA), and I specifically cannot stand the heroine, but I liked one of the two love interests, so I kept going to see how things turned out. Dumb, because that ship didn't sail. I told you the heroine was infuriating.
Also, I was a lot more patient before I was a blogger. With access to more books, I put down stuff a lot faster than I used to.
Wendy Darling recently posted…Foodie Tour of NYC + All Four Stars giveaway
I think I continue buying it because I'm stubborn and want the entire series. If it gets bad early on, I won't do that but the ones were I've read 3/4ths of the series then it turns bad I'll continue in hopes it gets better lol
LilyElement recently posted…WoW [111] – Taking It All
It's hope or sheer insanity depending on the author. I think I usually give my favorite series 2 book warning, then I'm gone, baby, gone. The exception is LKH. I've no clue why on earth I can't stop reading her, but there it is. I swear after each book, I won't read the next one, but I always do 🙂 The ones I stopped though have been Christine Feehan, Chloe Neill, Faith Hunter, Sherrilyn Kenyon, Gena Showalter, Lara Adrian, Kelley Armstrong, Rachel Caine, P.C. Cast among others… mostly because I outgrew what they could offer.
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when i slipped and feel bottom first onto my lower jaw (mandible) onto a hard wooden table. Why would my upper jaw (maxilla) feel uncomfortable, if its my lower jaw (mandible) is what i hit. i mean my upper jaw (maxilla) feels very uncomfortable and weird, but not painful. on the other hand, my lower jaw (mandible) feels very painful and swollen. this injury by the way happened about 11 months ago, and i already had got a xray of the facial bones 10 months ago, and my doctor says it came back fine.
Why Does my Upper Jaw (Maxilla) Feel Weird?
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As Marc is reporting (amid many undeserved compliments), I'll be leaving the Atlantic to join the New York Times next month. I'll have more to say on this front soon, but for now the only thing to say is thanks - to the Atlantic, for everything and then some; to my readers for, well, reading me; and to the Times, for taking an awfully big chance.
The Times and Me
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August 19, 2011 BY Brendan Dunne / 6
While most of you are probably already up on that other big sneaker release going down this weekend, we have something here for those that are more interested in the contemporary side of things. The Nike Zoom KD III 'Scoring Title' is dropping tomorrow, a special colorway to commemorate OKC's big man Kevin Durant locking down another scoring title this year with an average of 27.2 points per game. Following his tour of China back in July, Asian retailers got the first crack at these, but they are making their way stateside as of this weekend. They will be available exclusively at NikeTown retail spots, specifically in New York City, Chicago, and Las Vegas. Hit the jump for a better look at this release from Nike Basketball and if you can't make it to one of the aforementioned spots grab one of the few available pairs on eBay.
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SMH.... I like in the OKC area and have called to all the stores from northside to norman and no one has these. We need a HOH or niketown big time!
I would buy these but for some reason the stitching in the KD's looked snagged
real nice
Nike Vault Los Angeles is releasing them tomorrow at 2pm
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We have oil, and natural gas. Also, we lease out our vast acre's of land to have cattle feed. We have a "low" but increasing dividend yearly. The reason that TPL has a low dividend is because we buy back our own share's yearly. As an accountant, TPL equate's to value.
Sentiment: Strong Buy


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Condition: Standard
All Product Details
Since these problems involve the same sort of logical reasoning that lies at the core of the Sherlock Holmes stories, Raymond Smullyan has aptly set each one within its own Holmes-Watson dialogue. In each case Holmes, by his remarkable powers of deduction, is able to demonstrate to his awed admirers precisely what must have happened, move by move, at the "scene of the crime" -- the chess table. For example: what the missing piece is; what square it should be on; whether or not either side can castle.
In the second half, through a series of progressively more difficult (self-contained) chess problems, Holmes, with the reader's help, solves a mystery and a double murder -- perpetrated, of course, by Moriarty. And at the end of the book are ten bonus problems from Moriarty himself (four of them composed before the age of nine!).
Chess Mysteries of Sherlock Holmes is Smullyan's challenging and witty romp through the royal game.
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Silent Bob
- Total Points:
- 39,616
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and anything that sounds good.
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any shows on G4 Tech TV,
and some sitcoms.
Favorite Movies:
Kevin Smith films,
Asian Films,
Lord of the Rings Trilogy,
Old Boy,
Kung Fu Hustle,
Star Wars........ Too many favorites!
Favorite TV Shows:
any shows on G4 Tech TV,
and some sitcoms.
Favorite Movies:
Kevin Smith films,
Asian Films,
Lord of the Rings Trilogy,
Old Boy,
Kung Fu Hustle,
Star Wars........ Too many favorites!
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Interests:Movies, games, music, biking, movie making, surfing the web and eating.
Where I work:Quik Stop =P
What I like to do:Collect DVD's, games, and music. (Especially hard to find titles) Get High! Work in the film business.
My Tastes:Anything that tastes good! I Love food from Hawaii! I wish there was a Zippy's in California. (The hawaiian version of Denny's)
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Cant get enough of the PSP!
Cant get enough of the PSP!
Mar 25, 2005 12:53PM PST
They all rock! What games do you think are the best launch titles so far?
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Judge John Cleland, who presided over the trial and will handle the sentencing, released an order Monday saying that Sandusky will face a hearing to determine if he is a sexually violent predator at 9 a.m. Oct. 9. Sentencing will occur immediately following the hearing.
Both events will take place in Courtroom 1 of the Centre County Courthouse in Bellefonte, Pa.
There will be a pre-sentencing conference with counsel for Sandusky and the state in the judge's chambers at 2 p.m. Oct. 8.
Sandusky has been held in Centre County Correctional Facility since his conviction. The 68-year-old is facing more than 400 years in prison.
You can see Cleland's order here:


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love sbs, but these are a pass....not impressed
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August 1, 2014 BY John Kim / 5
The formulaic approach of releasing a collab SB Dunk after the store itself gets the exclusive launch continues with tomorrow's release of the Brooklyn Projects x Nike SB Dunk High "Paparazzi". After the LA-based store drops their in-house design, Nikestore will release them on August 9th, but expect a version slightly different from the one you see here. No word on what the "GR" version of this release will look like, but it shouldn't be too far off from the in-store version. Keep that date marked on your calendar and stay tuned to Sneaker News for more updates.
Nike SB Dunk High Premium
Color: Black/Black-Valiant Red
Style Code: 313171-025
Release Date: 08/09/14
Price: $120
Filed under: Collaboration Dunk Nike SB
Tags: Brooklyn Projects Brooklyn Projects Nike SB Dunk High Walk of Fame Brooklyn Projects x Nike SB Dunk High Paparazzi Nike SB Dunk High
love sbs, but these are a pass....not impressed
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Are they 3m?
disappointed with this...this just looks tacky
@thereitizz from the pictures on there instagram just the laces
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Principal defends color-coded IDs; expert 'horrified'
An educational psychologist who specializes in student motivation is calling an Orange County high school's system of grouping students by test score "one of the worst ideas ever" to promote learning, while the principal of a neighboring high school with a nearly identical program is defending the practice as extremely effective.
AnneMarie Conley, a UC Irvine assistant professor who studies motivational strategies in Orange County schools, said she was "shocked and horrified" to learn that La Palma's Kennedy High School requires students to carry school IDs in one of three colors based on their performance on the California Standards Tests, plus a spiral-bound homework planner covered in a matching color.
"It goes against everything we know about student motivation and what helps students learn in productive ways," Conley said. "If you want a short-term, Band-Aid approach, then you can reward kids with stickers and pizza parties. But if you want to support lifelong learning, there's absolutely no research to support what they're doing."
Conley said the three-tiered system causes the most academically vulnerable kids – underprivileged minorities, poor students and English learners – to be stigmatized and reminded daily they are not as successful as their peers.
"Girls, minorities, the ones we want to enter science, technology, engineering and math fields – they will decide they just can't do it, or they're not going to go to college," Conley said. "The people for whom this program is not working are the ones the school is supposed to be protecting."
Under the Kennedy High program, now in its second year, students who do not score "proficient" or higher in all tested subject areas, or who do not improve by a minimum standard, are required to carry white ID cards and planners the next year. Those who score "proficient" or higher in all tested subjects, or who improve by a certain level compared to the year prior, get gold cards. Black cards are reserved for students who score "advanced" in all subjects tested.
Black cards give students free admission to all home athletic events, as well as discounts to school dances and at local businesses. Gold-card holders get free admission to certain home athletic games, as well as more limited discounts. White cards require students to stand in a separate cafeteria lunch line and come with no benefits.
"We have seen tremendous results, and the kids love it," said Ben Carpenter, principal at Cypress High School, which rolled out its program last year in parallel with Kennedy's. "It's the least discriminatory thing we do; anyone is eligible to get a gold card. It's not based on race, GPA, whether the student is an English learner. It's not based on anything other than how hard you work to learn the material in the classroom and how well you've performed in this classroom."
At Kennedy, black cardholders receive more freebies and discounts than gold cardholders, but at Cypress, gold cardholders receive the same freebies and discounts as platinum cardholders, Carpenter said. (Platinum is Cypress High's equivalent of Kennedy's black card.)
Scores boosted, motivation improved
Carpenter said the three-tiered card system has improved students' performance on standardized tests and helped Cypress High boost its all-important Academic Performance Index score, to 895 out of 1,000 last year, compared to 880 the year prior.
"When testing time came around, you saw teachers who were frustrated because kids didn't care about the tests," Carpenter said. "There was nothing in it for them, other than an intrinsic motivation they may or may not have. The intent of the gold card program was to provide an incentive for all students, to say, 'Hey, there is something in this for me. I can get something out of performing on this exam.'"
Carpenter also said the program was intentionally designed to obscure students' exam performance and thus it does not violate student privacy laws.
A student who typically scores "advanced" in every subject but suddenly drops down to "basic" in one subject will not receive a gold or platinum card that year, Carpenter said. Conversely, a student who scores "far below basic" in every subject but suddenly improves to "below basic" in two subjects will receive a gold card.
"We deliberately set it up this way," Carpenter said. "We're not releasing a specific score. We're not saying Johnny has a 250 on his math test. We're not saying Sally scored a 600 on the test."
The California Department of Education told the Register on Tuesday that any program revealing information about how well a student has performed on state tests is a violation of the student's privacy and should be terminated.
The Anaheim Union High School District said Tuesday it was looking into the matter; Kennedy High School on Wednesday referred all questions to the district office.
A district spokeswoman confirmed late Wednesday the district was continuing to look into the issue.
"We're reviewing and analyzing the issue, and we'll make a determination based on what is best for all students," district spokeswoman Pat Karlak said.
Other academic indicators public
Carpenter said schools employ many other practices that reveal student performance – honor roll, letterman jackets, honor cords at graduation, honor societies, even students walking around school hallways carrying textbooks for honors and college-level Advanced Placement courses.
"What's the difference? There really is none," Carpenter said. "Kids are walking around all the time with textbooks at different levels than their peers – AP physics, AP statistics."
But Conley, the UC Irvine educational psychologist, said recognizing students at the top of their class has a far different psychological impact than a program in which every student is required to participate. With honor roll and honors courses, students are essentially given the ability to "opt in," Conley said, while no one has the ability to "opt out" of carrying an ID card and matching planner.
"Long-term, this is going to have detrimental effects – you're going to get more cheating, more surface-level processing where kids are memorizing rather than understanding the material," Conley said. "I challenge the very premise that they find this program successful.
"At any school, there are maybe 10 percent of kids who benefit from this competitive mentality, this kind of competition," Conley continued. "These are the kids who will go on to become the CEOs, superintendents, administrators, teachers. The problem is these are the same people who turn around and make decisions like creating this program, because they think everyone is motivated the same way they are."
Color-coding criteria
At the beginning of the school year, Kennedy and Cypress high school students received one of three color-coded ID cards, based on performance on the California Standards Tests. Student scores on these exams fall into one of five categories – advanced, proficient, basic, below basic and far below basic.
Black/platinum cards: Students must score "advanced" in all subject areas tested.
Gold cards: Students must score "proficient" or "advanced" in all subject areas tested. Students with a white card who improve their scores in at least two subject areas by at least one level (i.e. moving from "far below basic" to "below basic") also qualify for a gold card.
White/regular cards: Students who don't score "proficient" or above in all tested subject areas receive a white card. This category includes those who score "far below basic," "below basic" and "basic" in all subject areas. But it also can include those who score "basic" or below in just one subject area – unless they have met the improvement criteria necessary to receive a gold card.
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in the lack of customer service from Jaco Beach Hotel. Apparently somewhere in between the time we booked this vacation and before actually arriving the hotel had become an all inclusive. We were asked if we wanted the all inclusive pkg for $70 per night pp and we said no. No problem until we wanted to get a drink at the bar after traveling for 15 hrs and were told we would not be able to purchase even a bottle of water on the property since we were not all inclusive. Anytime we wanted a drink we had to leave the property. I found this to be insane and the worst way to treat guests at your hotel... Luckily there are plenty of restaurants and bars within walking distance because we had to go to a grocery store that night to get food and drinks to keep in our room. When we wanted to go to the beach, we put our drinks and ice in a trash bag from the room and hauled them to the beach. And don't expect anyone to help you with your beach chair, I was told I could clean my own chair after a night of rain and wet sand all over the chairs.
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Community news
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Revision as of 14:16, 3 April 2006 by Reshma P. Shetty (Talk | contribs)
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