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text:
CNCS CEO Wendy Spencer speaking at the AmeriCorps 20th Anniversary event on the South Lawn of The White House. Corporation for National and Community Service Photo.
09120008AmeriCorps 20th Anniversary event
From AmeriCorps 20th Anniversary - The White House - Washington, D.C.
Please Credit:
Ralph Alswang
HabitatPOTUSUnited We Serve09110008
Photo By:
Ralph Alswang
PLEASE CREDIT PHOTO: Ralph Alswang
Military FamiliesPOTUSUnited We Serve06250008
From Presidential Service Event for Military Children - June 2009
MLK Day 2009 - DC Habitat for Humanity Build
Habitat for Humanity MLK Day 2009MLK Day 200901190008
AmeriCorps Communicators Institute
National Conference on Volunteering and Service Day 1cncs05310008
From Day 1

subset: commoncrawl


text:
25 Free Craft Projects for Every Crafter - The Ultimate Craft Guide
Bonus: Get our newsletter & special offers for free. We will not share or sell your email address. View our Privacy Policy
Silky Twist Yarn from Lion Brand
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Lion Brand Silky Twist Yarn
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Reviewed by Karisa Tell
This silky yarn is a super bulky bucle yarn that you can use to make anything comfy, cozy, and warm. The yarn is thick and soft, perfect for knitting or crocheting a cozy scarf, a cuddly blanket, or even a Santa beard! I could pet this yarn all day--it's just that soft! Available in both solids colors and tweeds, this yarn can be used for any project you can think up. Make scarves and shawls in a rainbow of colors and prints! The best part is that your patterns will work up quickly with this bulky yarn, so you can make lots of different projects in no time!
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Aug 24, 2012
I've got a snuggly new grandson I can't wait to make a stuffed lamb for. This would be perfect! IOW, what a great time to read a review which lets me know Lion Brand has come out with this; he was born 3 days ago:)
llieder 1759420
Dec 20, 2011
This would be great to use on collars or cuffs of sweaters!
tjill18 7434806
Dec 14, 2011
I love to knitt and do all needle work .
Joy of NeedleArts Boutique
Dec 11, 2011
Merry Christmas all, this yarn is veryy nice for well-seasoned knitters and crocheters. I have made some beautiful shawls and hats and scraves with it. However, some of my beginner or elderly friends have trouble finding the strands or pick up the wrong loops, or drop their stitches. This is NOT FOR BEGINNER needlers or those with tactile or visual deficiencies. Very truly to the point, Joy of NeedleArts
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text:
All hotels in Aveiro, Portugal
1 room, 2 adults
Rua José Estêvão, 23, Aveiro, 3800-202, Portugal, 1-877-214-4288
José Estêvão Hotel - Aveiro
Lowest price$64
José Estêvão Hotel is located in the heart of Aveiro, in a 150-year-old historical building. Centrality, comfort, and services are the staff's priority. The building is fully refurbished and adapted to the needs of clients. Amenities include laundry service, child care (surcharge), luggage storage, complimentary parking nearby, and complimentary wireless internet access in all public areas. An onsite restaurant is open for breakfast.
See all 12 Venere.com reviews
Value for money
Best value for money
Great location
Fantastic service
WiFi system needs upgrading
TripAdvisor Traveller Rating: 3.5
From 23 reviews
José Estêvão Hotel - Aveiro
Hotel Info: 1-877-214-4288from $64
- Double Room
- Single Room
- Double Room
- Single Room
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 12 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 5 floors
- 24-hour check-in
- Check-out time is noon
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
- Minimum Spring Break check-in age is 18
Travelling with others
- Babysitting/childcare *
- Pets not allowed
Extra people
- Roll-away beds available, charges may apply*
- Free WiFi in public areas
- No parking
- Free nearby parking
In the hotel
Food and drink
- Buffet breakfast daily (surcharge)
- Restaurant
- Room service (during limited hours)
- 24-hour front desk
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Laundry facilities
- Luggage storage
- Multilingual staff
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Year Built 2002
- Elevator/lift
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
In the room
Home comforts
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Air conditioning
Sleep well
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Soundproofed rooms
Freshen up
- Private bathroom
- Bathtub or shower
- Bidet
Be entertained
Stay connected
- Phone
- Daily housekeeping
Special features
DiningOnsite venue - This restaurant serves breakfast only.
José Estêvão Hotel - Aveiro's small print
Also known as
- Hotel José Estêvão
- José Estêvão Aveiro
- José Estêvão Hotel
- José Estêvão Hotel Aveiro
Only registered guests are allowed in the guestrooms.
Optional extras
Rollaway beds are available for an additional charge
Buffet breakfast is offered for an extra charge of EUR 5 for adults and EUR 3 for children (approximately)
Babysitting/childcare is available for an extra charge
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.


text:
Tuesday, March 15, 2016
Awarded By
Wisconsin 4-H Foundation
Award Amount
$500 annually, non-renewable.
One award offered annually.
Deadline Info
Additional information can be found on the 4-H Foundation website. To apply, students must submit a resume, cover letter, list of 4-H projects the student has participated in, and a recent digital ph ... sign up for full scholarship deadline information.


text:
Hello and Welcome in our comunity, here we can put us together and discus our ideas, or give tasks enjoy.
The company you are trying to view is a private company for members only. You must receive an invitation from the company leader to join.
Continue browsing the company list, to find the profile you are after.


text:
Study: Concealed Carry Laws Reduce Gun Violence
Well, it's confirmed; gun control only creates more gun violence and carnage. : Granted, conservatives have know this for years. : It's just that our liberal friends, who are slower and less-educated on this issue, have been a constant pain in the ass in trying to keep their little crusade to render the Constitution irrelevant alive. Well, it's over, folks. : In a: new study: in Applied Economic Letters, Quinnipiac economist Mark Gius noted that:
Using data for the period 1980 to 2009 and controlling for state and year fixed effects,the results of the present study suggest that states with restrictions on the carrying of concealed weapons had higher gun-related murder rates than other states.: It was also found that assault weapons bans did not significantly affect murder rates at the state level.: These results suggest that: restrictive concealed weapons laws may cause an increase in gun-related murders at the state level.:
Noah Rothman at Mediate: wrote earlier today: that:
The study determined that nearly every claim made in support of stronger restrictions on gun ownership is not supported by an exhaustive analysis of crime statistics.
In fact, Gius found the opposite — that a proliferation of concealed carry permits can actually reduce incidents of gun crime.
Even in urban areas we have police chiefs: supporting: law-abiding citizens exercising their constitutional right to be armed.
On January 2nd, Detroit Police Chief James Craig said that "good community members who have concealed weapons permits" (CCWs) deter crime and save lives.
Craig admitted he did not have this view when he worked as a police officer in Los Angeles for 28 years because he never got to see concealed carry in action: "It takes an act of Congress to get a concealed carry permit" in Los Angeles.
But according to: The Detroit News, when Craig moved from the LAPD to Portland, Maine—"where they give out lots of CCWs"—he realized that criminals in Maine were hesitant because they knew "good Americans were armed."
While Craig is also for a lot of gun control provisions, it's nice to see law enforcement support on this issue.
So, liberals you've lost the 2000 presidential election on guns; you lost the Colorado recall on guns; and : you forced Obama to waste the most precious moments of his second term on guns. : Finally, the public: doesn't want more gun control.: After all, the logic behind gun control is akin to trying to curb drunk driving by making it harder for sober people to buy cars.
See also:: Detroit's Police Chief: Don't Want To Be A Crime Victim? Then Carry A Concealed Weapon.
Also see...
Even though my father, brother, uncles and grandfather were in the military, I seldom handled guns growing up. That's because unlike many of the other people in my family, I've...Read More
Matt Vespa
Matt Vespa is a conservative blogger based in Virginia. Besides contributing to Right Wing News, Vespa writes for RedState, PJ Media, Independent Journal Review, and his personal blog Noodle Pundit. He's also the 2013 recipient of American for Prosperity Foundation's Andrew Breitbart Award For Excellence In Online Activism and Investigative Reporting
Related Articles
DC Proves Gun Control Laws Work…For Criminals
Over at the Washington Times, they have an absolutely devastating editorial up about the impact of gun control laws on
GREAT VIDEO: This Aussie LOVES Guns, And I Like This Aussie
Australian Steve Lee says he likes guns. He like 'em so much he made this music video. He likes guns
Luntz Misleads With New Gun Poll
Pollster Frank Luntz is trying to hawk his new poll on gun laws commissioned by the left-wing group Mayors Against


text:
Photo of Maggie the Pug copied onto frosting sheet. Dog bones and paws decorate the sides. Hearts and paws on top. Triple chocolate cake iced in buttercream.
CakeCentral.com is the world's largest cake community for cake decorating professionals and enthusiasts.
(if this is a private computer)
Yes please, register now!


text:
MOTEGI, JAPAN, OCT 1 – The long awaited 2011 MotoGP World Championship provisional calendar was released on the eve of the Japanese Grand Prix, with a number of changes beginning with an earlier start.The 18-round 2011 championship will kick off under the desert lights at the Losail circuit in Qatar on March 20, three weeks earlier than this year's curtain-raiser. Jerez moves to second, on April 3, with Motegi back in late April, providing the Icelandic volcano cooperates.Then follows the heart of the European swing a week later and without rest. Portugal moves to the fourth race of the season from this year's penultimate position, with Le Mans, France two weeks later. And Catalunya is three weeks earlier, now on the June 5 weekend.Silverstone follows immediately after Catalunya on June 12, with a weekend off before the traditional end of June Dutch TT at Assen on Saturday the 25th. Mugello is four weeks later than normal, now on July 3, with Germany next on the tour on July 17 in Sachsenring.The MotoGP class, the only one to run in the U.S., packs up and flies directly to Laguna Seca for the Red Bull U.S. Grand Prix on July 24, while the support classes start their summer break.The break for all classes ends at Brno in the Czech Republic on August 14, then two weeks later the series returns to America for the Red Bull Indianapolis Grand Prix.From there it's immediately back to Italy on Sept. 4 for Misano, followed with a week's break by Aragon in Spain.A new end of summer break, with three weekends off, comes next, with the Australian Grand Prix at Phillip Island ending the sabbatical on Oct. 16. A week later the series moves to Sepang, Malaysia, and finishes in Valencia on Nov. 6.March 20 – Qatar, Losail
April 3 – Spain, Jerez
April 24 – Japan, Motegi
May 1 – Portugal, Estoril
May 15 – France, Le Mans
June 5 – Catalunya, Catalunya
June 12 – Great Britain, Silverstone
June 25 – Netherlands, Assen
July 3 – Italy, Mugello
July 17 – Germany, Sachsenring
July 24 – United States, Laguna Seca
August 14 – Czech Republic, Brno
August 28 – Indianapolis, Indianapolis
September 4 – San Marino, Misano
September 18 – Aragon, MotorLand
October 16 – Australia, Phillip Island
October 23 – Malaysia, Sepang
November 6 – Valencia, Valencia


text: The hotel comprises a total of 40 rooms. Services and facilities at the hotel include translation services and a business centre. Those arriving in their own vehicles can leave them in the car park of the establishment. In the rooms travellers will find a mini fridge, a tea/coffee station, a safe and WiFi. The accommodation offers non-smoking rooms and smoking rooms. Copyright GIATA 2004 - 2016.


text:
Head's Welcome
Our aim is to provide a supportive learning environment with opportunities for each student to develop the skills and knowledge to enable them to become independent, responsible and successful citizens.
Chapter House provides an environment where pupils can achieve their full potential, whether their talents are academic, creative or in the field of sport and we pride ourselves on encouraging our children to become confident and enthusiastic members of the school community.
Head of Chapter House,
Karen Kilkenny


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 18, 2003
|Filing date
|Dec 24, 1998
|Priority date
|Oct 30, 1995
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|James Mason Lipsit
|Original Assignee
|At&T Wireless Services, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (61), Non-Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (15), Classifications (13), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/901,827, filed Jul. 28, 1997 U.S. Pat. No. 5,974,311, which was a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/550,274, filed Oct. 30, 1995 (abandoned).
The present invention relates generally to the programming of cellular telephones. More particularly, the present invention relates to the automated programming of a cellular telephone.
Cellular telephones are becoming increasingly popular. In the past, the sale of cellular telephones was limited to specialized cellular telephone dealers. Today, due to the increased popularity of cellular telephones, such telephones may be purchased from a variety of retailers, including electronic specialty stores, electronic chain stores, department stores, and cellular service provider retail outlets. Upon the purchase of a cellular telephone, the telephone must be activated before it can be used with a particular cellular service provider in a geographic location. Such activation generally requires the programming (i.e. storing) of activation parameters into the memory of the cellular telephone.
The cellular telephone memory which stores the activation parameters is called a Number Assignment Module (NAM), and the data which is stored in the NAM is called NAM parameters. Such NAM parameters include the telephone number associated with the cellular telephone and an identification of the cellular service provider which will provide the cellular telephone service associated with that telephone. There are other NAM parameters which must be programmed in order to activate the telephone. These parameters will be discussed in more detail below in the detailed description.
The programming of NAM parameters is a time consuming and error prone process. Each manufacturer's telephone(s) has different programming requirements and procedures. As a result, point-of-sale personnel must have access to large amounts of programming reference material for each of the different types of phones. The actual programming is generally done through the cellular telephone keypad. The first step in the programming is to enter a programming code into the keypad which will instruct the telephone to enter a programming mode. Once in the programming mode, each of the NAM parameters is entered through the keypad. Such keypad programming is prone to errors and a small mistake in programming renders the phone unusable until correctly programmed.
The complexity of NAM parameter programming has made the sale of cellular telephones less profitable for retail stores which do not specialize in such sales, because point of sale personnel must be trained to program the cellular telephones. In addition to the training expense, such sales personnel must dedicate a substantial amount of time in programming the phones, time which could be otherwise spent with customers in the sale of new phones. In addition, programming by inexperienced sales personnel often results in an incorrectly programmed telephone. In many instances, such incorrect programming is not discovered until the customer has left the store and has attempted to use the telephone. As a result, the customer must return to the store to have the phone reprogrammed. This results in both more time required by sales personnel, and reduced customer satisfaction.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,386,455 entitled System and Method for Automatic Activation of Cellular Telephones discloses a system for programming NAM parameters in a cellular telephone. In accordance with the technique described therein, a local computer is connected to both a cellular telephone and an authorizing computer of a selected cellular carrier. User information, such as credit information, is manually entered into the local computer. The local computer interrogates the cellular telephone to determine certain data stored in the cellular telephone. The user information and cellular telephone data is sent to the authorizing computer of the selected cellular carrier via a modem. Upon approval by the local carrier, the authorizing computer sends to the local computer the data required for programming the cellular telephone. Upon receipt of the data, the local computer programs the cellular telephone with the received data. Thus, in accordance with this technique, the activation data to be stored in the cellular telephone is not stored or computed locally in the local computer, but is stored at a remote authorizing computer, and the data must be transferred from the remote authorizing computer to the local computer prior to programming the cellular telephone. In addition, there is no disclosure of user interaction with the programming function apart from the entering of user information.
UK Patent Application GB 2256113-A, entitled "Programming A Cellular Radio. Telephone" also discloses a system and method for programming activation data into a cellular telephone. The system includes a remote computer which is coupled to an acoustic converting device (e.g. an acoustic coupler) thus providing communication between the cellular telephone and the remote computer. The preferred embodiment shows the link between the computer and the acoustic converting device being a network (i.e. telephone network). In operation, the computer ascertains the type, serial number, and other basic data from the telephone, and using this data, selects the appropriate set-up data for the telephone from a stored table. The data is then sent to the mobile telephone via the link and the acoustic converting device. There is no interactive communication between a user and the remote computer which controls the programming.
In accordance with the present invention, a method and apparatus for storing activation parameters in a cellular telephone is provided. A cellular telephone to be programmed is connected to a local computer. The computer includes a user input device which allows a user to input programming information, including the cellular telephone type, to the computer. Upon the receipt of the user programming information, a visual representation of the user inputted cellular telephone type is displayed on a display screen to allow the user to interactively verify the inputted programming information. Upon user verification of the programming information, the computer determines appropriate activation parameters based on the inputted programming information, and transmits the activation parameters to the telephone for storage in the cellular telephone memory.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, certain activation parameters are, neither stored in the computer memory, nor are they supplied by the user, but instead they are computed dynamically by the computer based on the user inputted programming information. In one embodiment, the user inputted programming information includes a cellular telephone number to be assigned to the telephone. The computer retrieves from memory a stored system identification which is associated with the area code and prefix of the user inputted cellular telephone number. Certain activation parameters are dynamically computed based on the cellular telephone number and the system identification.
Thus, in accordance with the present invention, a method and apparatus for programming a cellular telephone is provided with a level of user interaction which provides advantages over the prior systems. The user may interactively verify inputted programming information prior to an attempt to store activation parameters in the cellular telephone. In addition, computer memory requirements are reduced by dynamically computing certain activation parameters, thus saving the memory space which otherwise would be taken up by stored activation parameters. These advantages are provided in a method and apparatus which may be implemented on a computer system which is local to the cellular telephone programming location.
These and other advantages of the invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for programming a cellular telephone in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows an example of a system identification data table.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show a flowchart of the steps for programming a cellular telephone in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 illustrates an example user interface which is displayed to a user in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for programming a cellular telephone in accordance with the present invention. Computer 102 is shown, which in an advantageous embodiment is a personal computer of the type which is well known in the art. The overall functioning of the computer 102 is controlled by a central processing unit (CPU) 104 executing computer program instructions. CPU 104 is connected to a memory unit 106 which contains the computer program instructions which are executed by the CPU 104. In addition, memory unit may contain data, other than computer program instructions, which is accessed by CPU 104 during execution of the program instructions. Memory unit 106 may be any type of machine readable storage device. For example, memory unit 106 may be a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a programmable read only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), an electronically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), a magnetic storage media (i.e. a magnetic disk), or an optical storage media (i.e. a CD-ROM). Further, the computer 102 may contain various combinations of machine readable storage devices, which are accessible by the CPU 104, and which are capable of storing a combination of computer program code and data. CPU 104 is also connected to a textual input device 108, such as a keyboard, and a graphical input device 112, such as a mouse. Such user input and output devices are well known in the art and will not be discussed in further detail herein. CPU 104 is also connected to a display monitor 110, which displays information to a user. In addition, CPU 104 is connected to a data I/O port 114 which allows the computer 102 to communicate with external devices. In accordance with an advantageous embodiment, the data I/O port 114 is a serial data port.
The computer 102 is connected to a serial interface 150 via a cable 135 which connects the serial port 114 of the computer 102 to the serial interface 150. The serial interface 150 is connected to a data interface port 162 of a cellular telephone 160, via cable 155. Cellular telephone 160 is of the type which contains a microprocessor which controls the functioning of the cellular telephone 160. The data interface port 162 allows the microprocessor of the cellular telephone 160 to communicate with external devices. Thus, cable 135, serial interface 150, and cable 155 allow the computer 102 to communicate with the, cellular telephone 160. The cellular telephone 160 may be one of a variety of telephones sold by various manufacturers. For example, cellular telephones which may be programmed by the present invention are made by, Motorola, Nokia, AT&T, Ericsson, Oki, and others. Each of these telephones may require a somewhat different interface in order to connect the serial port 114 of the computer 120 to the data interface port 162 of the cellular telephone 160. As a result, the details for the cable 135, serial interface 150, and cable 155 will vary depending on the type of cellular telephone 160 being programmed. The appropriate connecting cables, interfaces, and adapters are available from the cellular telephone manufacturers, and will not be described in further detail herein.
It is noted that if the computer 120 has a single serial port 114, then the interface hardware for connecting to the cellular telephone 160 may need to be swapped when different types of cellular telephones are to be programmed. If computer 120 has multiple serial ports, then the different interface hardware required for different telephone types may be connected to the multiple serial ports. In this configuration, the CPU under control of the computer program instructions may select the appropriate serial port to be active based on the cellular telephone type entered by the user. Various interface configurations may be implemented by one skilled in the art.
The cellular telephone 160 is of the type which contains a Number Assignment Module (NAM) which stores data required for the operation of the cellular telephone 160 under control of the telephone's microprocessor. As described above, a cellular telephone must be activated prior to use. Such activation requires the storing of certain parameters in the NAM. The most common NAM parameters, along with exemplary data, are shown below in Table 1.
The phone number (i.e. MIN, is the telephone number which is to be associated with the cellular telephone 106. In accordance with convention practices, a cellular service provider will be supplied with a plurality of telephone numbers from the local telephone company in a particular geographic location. These telephone numbers are then assigned to various cellular telephones, such as cellular telephone 160, when the telephone is purchased. In the present example, assume that the cellular service provider was assigned the telephone number 407-346-10 1111, a and that this is the telephone number which is to be assigned to the cellular telephone 160. The second NAM parameter is the system identification (i.e. SID). The system identification identifies the cellular service provider which will provide cellular service to the cellular telephone 160. Since there may be more than one cellular service provider in a given geographic location, this parameter identifies the system with which the cellular telephone 160 will communicate. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a system identification data table is stored in memory 160 and is used to determine the appropriate system identification to be assigned to the telephone 160. This determination is based upon the telephone number assigned to the telephone 160.
An exemplary system identification data table 200 is shown in FIG. 2. The table 200 associates a system identification 220 and location 230 with a given area code+prefix combination 210. Thus, given an assigned telephone number, the system can determine the appropriate system ID. In the presently described embodiment, all telephones to be programmed are to use the same cellular service provider, and therefore, only one system ID 220 is required for each area code+prefix pair 210. In this embodiment, the system IDs 220 are those that are assigned to the single cellular service provider in each of the locations 230 shown in FIG. 2.
As described above, the computer 102 operates according to stored computer program instructions (i.e. control program) to carry out the functions of the present invention. A flowchart of the steps to be carried out by the computer 102 as defined by the control program is shown in Figs. 3A and 3B. An example of the user interface 400 which is presented to the user on display monitor 110 is shown in FIG. 4.
The program is initiated in step 300. In step 302 the cellular telephone type is requested from the user. The cellular telephone type identifies the manufacturer of the telephone, and the particular model of the telephone. As shown in FIG. 4, the user enters the telephone type in area 404 of the user interface using the graphical input device 112 and/or the textual input device 108. The user may be provided with a menu of telephone types from which one type may be chosen using the graphical input device 112, or the user may enter a telephone type using the textual input device 114. Such various means for receiving user input from a user interface are well known in the art and will not be described further herein. Assume for the purposes of this example, that the user has entered "AT&T 3810" in area 404 to indicate the type of cellular telephone 160 being programmed. In step 304 a picture of the telephone selected by the user in step 306 is displayed in area 408 of the user interface 400. A set of telephone image files which represent graphical images of the different telephone types which may be programmed with the system are stored in the memory 106. When the user selects a telephone type in step 302 the appropriate graphics file is accessed and the image of the selected telephone is presented to the user. In one embodiment, these graphics files are stored as bitmap (BMP) files, in a manner which is well known in the art of computer graphics.
At this point, the user can verify that an image of the cellular telephone 160 which is to be programmed is displayed in area 408 of the user interface 400. If the image in area 408 does not match that of the cellular telephone 160 to be programmed, the user may re-enter the phone type in area 404 of the display screen 104. In response, the systen will display an image of the newly entered telephone type. Thus, the display of an image of the telephone type provides a verification mechanism so that the user can verify that the telephone type entered in step 302 corresponds to the cellular telephone 160 which is to be programmed. Such verification takes place prior to any attempt to store data in the NAM of the cellular telephone 160. In accordance with the interactive verification feature of the invention, the display monitor 110 is located proximate to the input devices 108 and 112, such that the user may verily the input by viewing the information displayed on the display monitor 110.
In step 306, instructions for the selected telephone type are displayed in area 406 of the user interface 400. As shown in FIG. 4, these instructions set forth the next steps to be taken by the user in order to program the cellular telephone. In step 308, the user enters the cellular telephone number in area 402 of the user interface 400. As described above, a cellular provider is supplied with a plurality of telephone numbers from a local telephone company. In the embodiment described herein, the list of such phone numbers is external to the computer, and the phone number to be assigned to the cellular telephone is chosen from the external list and is provided to the computer as user input. In an alternate embodiment, the list of phone numbers is stored in the memory of the computer and the particular telephone number to be assigned to the cellular telephone is chosen from the stored list. In such an embodiment, a user may enter an area code and prefix combination, and an appropriate telephone number having such an area code and prefix combination would be selected and used to program the telephone.
In step 310, the user initiates the programming of the cellular telephone 160 by pointing and clicking on a program icon 410 using the graphical input device 112. Thus, the programming of the cellular telephone is only initiated upon an action by the user after the user has verified the user supplied input data. In an alternate embodiment, the user could be provided with an abort icon to stop the programming of the cellular telephone. In such an embodiment, the programming of the telephone would occur unless the user aborts the programming. In this embodiment, the user verifies the input data by not clicking on the abort icon.
In step 312, the system identification is looked up in the system identification table 200 (FIG. 2). The area code+prefix combination entered by the user in area 402 is (407)-346. This corresponds with entry 240 in the system identification table 200, which indicates that the system ID is 00037, and that the location is West-Palm Beach, Fla. In step 314, the system ID and location are displayed in areas 412 and 414 respectively, in the user interface 400. In step 316 the electronic serial number (ESN) is read from the telephone. The ESN is displayed in area 416 of the user interface 400 in step 318. In step 320 the software version of the telephone firmware is read from the telephone. The software version is displayed in area 418 of the user interface 400 in step 322. The steps of reading and displaying the software version of the cellular telephone firmware is useful in the event that a more recent version of the software has been released. The control program could check for such an occurrence and provide the user with a message to the effect that a software upgrade may be appropriate. It is noted that steps 316 through 322 are optional and provide additional information to the user. One skilled in the art would recognize that other optional information could also be provided to the user.
In step 324 the remaining NAM parameters are calculated. Certain remaining NAM parameters are computed according to NAM parameter derivation rules, as described below. Certain other NAM parameters are predetermined and may be hard-coded into the control program or otherwise stored in memory. It is noted that the below described NAM parameters are well known to those skilled in the art of cellular telephone systems. As such, only a brief description of each of the parameters will be given here. The access overload class controls the telephone's access to the cellular system when the system is overloaded, and is generally derived as 0+ the last digit of the MIN. Thus, in the present example, the access overload class is "01". The Group Id Mark can be used to define groupings of cellular systems. Generally, the Group Id Mark is set to 10. The Initial Paging Channel is the primary dedicated control channel. Control channels may vary depending on the cellular service provider. Thus, the control channel is computed based upon the system identification parameter. In the present embodiment, the Initial Paging Channel is set to 333 if the system identification is odd, and to 334 if the system identification is even. In the present example, the Initial Paging Channel is 333. The Secondary Paging Channel is the secondary dedicated control channel. In the present embodiment, the Secondary Paging Channel is set to 708 if the system identification is odd, and to 737 if the system identification is even. In the present example, the Secondary Paging Channel is 708. The Wake Up. Message is the message which appears on the telephone when the telephone is powered on. In the present example, the Wake Up Message is "AT&T WIRELESS SERVICES". The Lock Code is a code which enables or disables use of the telephone, and is generally derived as the last 3 or 4 digits of the MIN. In the present example, the Lock Code is the last 4 digits of the MIN. Thus, the. Lock Code is set to 1111.
It is noted that the telephone number (MIN) is the only NAM parameter which is supplied by the user, and that the system identification (SID) is the only NAM parameter which is stored in the system identification data table 200. The Group Id Mark and the Wake Up Message are predetermined and are hard-coded into the control program or otherwise stored in memory. The remaining NAM parameters are computed dynamically as described above based on the MIN and SID. Thus, the dynamically generated parameters are not stored in memory. They are derived from the MIN and SID in step 324 using the above described NAM parameter derivation rules. It is noted that the NAM parameter derivation rules may vary depending on particular embodiments of the invention. The ability to dynamically compute certain NAM parameters reduces the amount of information which must be stored in the computer memory. In step 326, the NAM of cellular telephone 160 is programmed under control of the computer 102. By sending the appropriate signals to the cellular telephone 160 via the serial interface 150 and cables 135 and 155, the computer 102 first instructs the cellular telephone 160 to enter its programming mode. Then, the computer 120 sends the appropriate NAM parameters to the cellular telephone 160. Each mranufacturer's telephone may require different programming procedures, and such procedures are carried out by the computer under control of the control program depending on the type of cellular telephone being programmed. One technique for programming the telephone is for the computer 102 to send signals corresponding to keypad presses to the cellular telephone 160. Using this technique, the cellular telephone 160 is programmed in a manner similar to the manner in which a person would program the telephone using the keypad. The computer 102 sends a sequence of signals, corresponding to a sequence of keypad presses, to program the telephone. Programming in this manner is faster and more accurate than a person using the keypad to program the telephone.
Some types of telephones accept special instructions when the telephone is being programmed through an external interface. In these types of phones, the computer 102 sends special programming codes, along with programming data, to the cellular telephone 160, and the microprocessor in the cellular telephone interprets the codes and data and stores appropriate parameters in the NAM of the cellular telephone. Thus, the particular mechanism for programming the telephone may vary with different telephone types.
In step 328 the computer determines if the programming was successful. In the present embodiment, this is accomplished by determining if a valid ESN was read from the telephone in step 316. If the ESN which was read from telephone is valid, then it is assumed that programming was successful. In step 330, the status (i.e. successful or unsuccessful) of the programming is displayed on the user interface 400 at location 406. If the programming was unsuccessful the user may review the user interface 400 to determine where the problem may be, and may attempt to reprogram the telephone.
In step 332 a programming log is updated. A programming log is a file which is stored in memory 106 which records programming events. An example log entry for the example discussed above is as follows:
Quantity in series: 1
Mobile Number: (407)346-1111
Model: : AT&T3810
Version: Dec. 22, 1994
System ID: 00037
System ID Market Name: West Palm Beach, Fla.
Software Version: v2.0
Location Identification: ABC Electronics
Date: Sep. 21, 1995
Time: 8:52:26 AM
Each entry in the log describes a programming event. Most of the entries have been described above, and will not be described again here. The "Quantity in series" entry identifies the sequential number of this entry in the programming log. The "Version" identifies the software version of the telephone. The "Software Version" identifies the software version of the control program. The "Location Identification" identifies the location at which the programming was carried out. The "Date" and "Time" identify the date and time of the programming. The system may provide users with the capability of archiving, editing, viewing, querying, and deleting log entries. Such file management techniques are well known, and could be readily implemented by one skilled in the art.
In step 334, verification instructions are displayed in the user interface in area 406. The verification instructions provide the user with instructions on how to verify that the correct telephone number, as well as other parameters, has been programmed into the cellular telephone. Most telephones have a code which may be entered on the keypad which will display the cellular telephone number, or other programmed parameters, on the telephone display screen. These codes are displayed to the user so that the programming may be verified by the user. In this way, the programming personnel can verify the NAM parameters without the need to remember, or look up, the verification codes for the particular telephone being programmed.
Other instructions, in addition to verification instructions, may also be provided to the user in area 406 of user interface 400. For example, the system may provide the user with instruction on how to system select the A(non-wireline)or B(wireline) side as the primary system for the telephone. This is useful when the telephone will be operating in areas in which there is more than one cellular service provider, or if the telephone will be operating in different areas with different cellular service providers. The program ends in step 336.
The foregoing Detailed Description is to be understood as being in every respect, illustrative and exemplary, but not restrictive, and the scope of the invention disclosed herein is not to be determined from the Detailed Description, but rather from the claims as interpreted according to the full breadth permitted by the patent laws. It is to be understood that the embodiments shown and described herein are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention and that various modifications may be implemented by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
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Owner name: CINGULAR WIRLEESS II, LLC, GEORGIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CINGULAR WIRELESS II, INC.;REEL/FRAME:017546/0612
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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS SERVICES, INC. F/K/A AT&T WIRELESS SERVICES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:017555/0711
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Owner name: CINGULAR WIRELESS II, LLC, GEORGIA
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Owner name: AT&T MOBILITY II, LLC, GEORGIA
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Expressionism Origin Of The Term
A selection of articles related to expressionism origin of the term.
Original articles from our library related to the Expressionism Origin Of The Term. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Expressionism Origin Of The Term.
- The Aeonic Perspective of the Enochian Temples
- The initiatory system of the Enochian Temples divides the path of initiation into four major stages, distinguished primarily by the types and sources of the influences they are sensitive to. Briefly, these stages are: 1. Lunar-planetary, focused in Yesod and...
Magick >> Enochian
- Bringing it Down to Earth: A Fractal Approach
- 'Clouds are not spheres, mountains are not cones, coastlines are not circles, and bark is not smooth, nor does lightning travel in a straight line.' B. Mandelbrot W e want to think about the future - it's our nature. Unlike other creatures, humans possess an...
Mystic Sciences >> Astrology
- The Celtic Vedic Connection, Part I
- Of all the great ancient cultures perhaps no two share more parallels than those of the Celtic and Vedic peoples. A deep rooted affinity runs between them, what is present in one is mirrored in the other. Myths, Gods, Goddesses, even fairy tales bear a...
Religions >> Druidism
- Mother Of The Gods And The Father Of The Gael
- There is no surviving, or as yet translated, Creation story within Irish mythology. We learn from the Lebor Gabala Erenn, a text from the Christian Middle Ages, of the Tuatha De Danann, or "People of the Goddess Danu", who came to Ireland either...
Deities & Heros >> Celtic, Welsh, Irish & Brittish
- Select Cross-Cultural and Historical Personifications of Death
- This extensive introduction includes some of the more well known, along with some lesser known Death "incarnations", and I use that term loosely, as in many cultures, the Angel of Death can be quite an adept shapeshifter. We have tried to cull...
Mystic Sciences >> Necromantic Studies
Expressionism Origin Of The Term is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Expressionism Origin Of The Term books and related discussion.
Suggested News Resources
- Summerlin Area Community Events Calendar, March 10-16, 2016
- "The Philosophy of Form and Color": The exhibit by Eyob Mergia is scheduled through April 2 at The Studio at the Sahara West Library, 9600 W. Sahara Ave.
- A Babylon Literary Marbad & Art Show
- But in many cases, the translations were unnecessary as it was obvious through body language, tone and expression, what many of these artists were saying with the remarkable flow of words. Like an Italian opera, ...
- At the Met Breuer, Thinking Inside the Box
- As a result, contemporary art is more visible than it has been at any other time in the history of art, even though what gets most of the attention is but a small fraction of the actual art world. Even museums firmly set in the past ...
- The German Choreographer Who Danced Too Close to the Nazis
- He connected with the essence of her dancing and her pathos- and expression-filled movements, which matched perfectly with expressionism. ... "Germany at the beginning of the last century was the global center of modern dance," explains Eldor.
- HIROSHI SUGIMOTO with Phong Bui
- Sugimoto: True, but on some occasions I would criticize them because it was in the late '70s, early '80s in New York City, and there were other things going on, like Minimalism and Neo-Expressionism. At some point, I had to find a path ...
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Cuse, Wolves Offer Contrasting Styles
ATLANTA – Syracuse is brimming with confidence, largely because of its suffocating style when the other team has the ball.
Next up, a guy who knows a thing or two about breaking down opposing defenses.
Trey Burke, meet the Orange Crush.
The Final Four semifinal between Syracuse and Burke's Michigan team will present a clear contrast in styles tonight – the Orange, a veteran group that is perfectly content to settle into their octopus-like zone, vs. the brash young Wolverines, who love to run, run, run and have been compared to those Fab Five squads of the early 1990s.
Clearly taking to heart the adage that offense wins fans but defense wins championships, Syracuse sounded like a team that fully expects to be playing in the title game at the Georgia Dome.
"It's going to take them a while to adjust to the zone," junior guard Brandon Triche said Friday, a day when all four teams got a chance to practice in the cavernous, 70,000-seat stadium that is normally home of the NFL's Atlanta Falcons.
The Michigan players quickly got wind of the comments coming from Syracuse's media session.
"It sounds like cockiness," said guard Tim Hardaway Jr., son of the former NBA star. "But it's not going to come down to just talent or who has the biggest players. It's going to come down to heart and passion."
Having a player such as Burke doesn't hurt, either.
The Associated Press player of the year already came up huge in the regionals, leading the Wolverine back from a 14-point deficit against Kansas with less than 7 minutes remaining. He knocked down a long 3-pointer at the end of regulation to tie the game, then finished off the upset of the top-seeded Jayhawks in overtime.
But Burke has never played against a defense quite like this.
"We've just got to try to find different ways to attack the zone," the sophomore guard said. "They play a really good 2-3. It's tough. We've got to make sure we knock down uncontested 3s."
The zone is usually viewed as more of a passive defense.
Not the way Syracuse plays it.
The Orange has surrendered a paltry 45.75 points per game, holding Montana (34), top-seeded Indiana (50) and Marquette (39) to their lowest scoring totals of the season. Overall, Syracuse's four tournament opponents have combined to shoot just 28.9 percent from field (61 of 211) and 15.4 percent from 3-point range (14 of 91).
Michigan (30-7) prefers to get in the open court as much as possible, a style that is even more advantageous against a team such as Syracuse, which has a size advantage at almost every position.
The Wolverines are averaging 75.5 points a game on the season, even more (78.8) in their four NCAA games. Last weekend, after stunning Kansas, they romped past one of the nation's best defensive teams, beating Florida 79-59 in the regional final.
Ware makes big, bad Louisville the people's choice
ATLANTA (AP) – Louisville already had the bigger names, the better team and some unfinished business after coming up short in last year's Final Four.
All Wichita State had was the cute-and-cuddly underdog angle. Now the Shockers don't even have that.
Kevin Ware is everybody's favorite player since he broke his leg in gruesome fashion last weekend yet summoned the strength to encourage his teammates, and having him at the Final Four has given the top-seeded Cardinals (33-5) added motivation to claim the title that eluded them last year.
"We really want it, especially since we're back here for a second year," Louisville forward Wayne Blackshear said Friday. "With Kevin going down, especially the way he did, it's just making us play harder."
Louisville plays Wichita State (30-8) in the first national semifinal Saturday night. The Cardinals are 10-point favorites.
Wichita State has one player (Carl Hall) who salvaged his career after working in a light bulb factory and two more (Ron Baker and Malcolm Armstead) who paid their way to come to school and started on the team as walk-ons. Its coach has invited fans into the locker room after big wins. Yes, this is a school with all the makings of a team the entire country could get behind.
Problem is, in this case, Louisville and Ware are already tugging on America's heart strings.
"I'm just glad to know Kevin Ware now even more because he's probably the most famous person I know," Peyton Siva cracked. "You know, when you have Oprah Winfrey and Michelle Obama call you, it's pretty good to say you know that person."
This is the first Final Four appearance for Wichita State since 1965, but the ninth-seeded Shockers are no fluke. They're big, they're athletic, they rebound and they can shoot 3s better than just about anyone. Just ask Pittsburgh, a first-round victim of the hot-shooting Shockers. Or No. 1-seeded Gonzaga, which was out before the first weekend of the tournament was over thanks to Wichita State.
Or Ohio State, a fashionable pick for a third straight Final Four until the Shockers sent them packing.
(Pitino, by the way, swears he picked Wichita State to get to the Final Four.)
"Their whole team is tough. It's not just one guy," Siva said. "Macolm Armstead, of course, makes them go. But on any given night, anybody on the team can have a big night. It's up to us to play collective defense, hit the glass and continue to play how we've been playing."
Armstead is averaging almost 16 points during the tournament, one of four Shockers in double figures. Tekele Cotton is 5 of 10 from 3-point range, while Ron Baker is 6 of 15.


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Description: Forms And Shapes Professional Metal Fabricators is located in George Igbinoba Street, Eti Osa, Lago
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Football training for children and youth in Germany
Find a customer and sale a football training for children and youth in Germany.
It is a training for children and youth in a single or group training, in individually planned training up to national players professional training in the highest standards with the goal for the players to become world class footballers.
For children and youth from foreign countries they offers a special full time boarding school coaching program in Germany. It is only possible for rich people.
Looking to make some money?
- Set your budget and the time frame
- Outline your proposal
- Get paid for your work
Bids on this Project
VOTIKONavsari, India
Welcome to Votiko ! We are expert into CMS(Wordpress,Joomla,Drupal), PHP, Jquery, CSS and HTML. Votiko is a pioneer in providing high-standard Web design and Web development services for global clients for the past 6 years. We render professional Website Design and Development services catering to small-scale, medium scale and large-sized businesses worldwide. Our talented and skilled team members have 8+ years experience in the field and our pricing is one of the best in the industry which helps us gain a winning position in the market. SIZH IT Solution combines innovative ideas and topnotch technology to create interactive, user-friendly web applications and solutions in web designing and development space. Our wide range of professional services includes PSD to XHML, PSD to Joomla, PSD to WordPress, PSD to Responsive HTML, PHP development and PSD to Ecommerce. Google Partner Status Company - SEO, PPC, Wordpress & PHP Development, Analytics, Lead Gen/Top 100 Freelancers
jkaranmCebu City, Philippines
An experienced BPO Professionals looking for clients for our services. Have worked in the areas of BPO, Lead Generation, Sales Consultant, Customer Service, Virtual Assistant, Data Entry, Social media Marketing, Technical Support and Customer Support for many employers and companies around the world we have a strong foundation in these areas. We offer services such as Telemarketing, Customer Service, Technical Support, Desktop Support Technician, Data Entry, Social Media Managing and an Internet Marketing Consultant. If qualifications are suitable for you, please consider our service for your next project. My company's business is to make yours effective & efficient. I own a small company doing outsourcing and online marketing. More than willing to discuss things with you.


text:
Carpe Diem Split - Split
This guesthouse offers free WiFi and laundry facilities. Multilingual staff can provide express check-in and express check-out.
Carpe Diem Split - Split
Hotel Info: 1-877-214-4288from $49
- Triple Room, Shared Bathroom
- Studio (Apartment)
- Double Room, Shared Bathroom
- Double Room, Private Bathroom
- Triple Room, Private Bathroom
- Apartment, 3 Bedrooms
- Apartment, 3 Bedrooms
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 7 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 3 floors
- Check-out time is 10:30 AM
- Express check-in/out
Required at check in
- Cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Babysitting/childcare *
- Pets allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Airport shuttle *
- No parking
Other information
- Resort fee included
In the hotel
- In-room childcare (surcharge)
- Laundry facilities
- Luggage storage
- Multilingual staff
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
In the room
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Air conditioning
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Sleep Number by Select Comfort mattress
- Private bathroom
- Shower only
- Hair dryer
- Cable TV channels
- Desk
- Free WiFi
- Refrigerator
Carpe Diem Split - Split's small print
Also known as
- Carpe Diem House Split
- Carpe Diem Split
For transfers, guests must contact the property 72 hours prior to arrival at the number on the booking confirmation.
Mandatory fees
You'll be asked to pay the following charges at check in or check out:
- A tax is imposed by the city: HRK 7 per person, per night
Deposit: HRK 1000 per week (for stays between 15 June - 15 September)
The charges below are included in the total price displayed:
- Resort fee
Optional extras
Babysitting/childcare is available for an extra charge
Airport shuttle service is offered for an extra charge of HRK 230 per vehicle (one way)
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.


text:
Update: W.Va. 2 Open, No Bomb Found at Dominion Site
NATRIUM – W.Va 2 has reopened and police found no bomb inside Dominion Resources' future natural gas processing plant following reports of a threat at the Marshall County construction site, according to Emergency Management Director Tom Hart.
W.Va. 2 had been closed for a time from Proctor to Fish Creek Road. Initial reports were of a threat by phone, but Hart later said a worker found a threatening note on the property and notified authorities.
More details in Wednesday's edition of The Intelligencer.


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What a week it has been, and what a weekend it will be.
Amazed by Skyler Hornback's amazing win on the show Jeopardy, I'm even more amazed in the power of media resources. A benefit of being the media is that we were provided the confidential knowledge from the network of Skyler's win, a few hours before the show aired last Wednesday evening. Wanting to be the first one to announce the win, we sat anxiously waiting for the show to end, and posted the breaking news on our LaRue County Herald News Facebook page.
Turn everyone's water back on
There is a bully mentality at City Hall that has become unacceptable.
My father, Jim LaRue, has had his water on Greensburg Street turned off by the City in the last three months not once but twice for alleged non-payment.
In both instances, my father (who is very good with numbers) paid his bill on time via check. Both times, he was told by a city employee his check had not cleared. Interestingly, the other bills he paid the same day, via check, did clear.
Hopefully, you've read the many articles in The LaRue County Herald News about Williams and Boardwalk Pipeline Partners, LP's plans to run a pipeline across Kentucky.
This pipeline will transport natural gas liquids (not natural gas) from Pennsylvania to the Gulf coast. Williams and Boardwalk would like to see it cross LaRue County on its way to a connection point in Hardinsburg.
Representatives have been talking to landowners, seeking permission to run lines across their property.
At the end of the school year, Hodgenville Elementary School parents received a paper to vote whether we wanted to buy our children school supplies or give the teacher $20 per child and have the teacher purchase the supplies. What happened to that idea?
I received my children's list in the mail and one of my kids needs 48 pencils. I find it hard to believe that any child can use 48 pencils in a school year. Did the $20 idea get voted down, or was it just not possible?
HES Principal Sue Osborne responded:
I have followed, with interest, the developments surrounding the so-called Bluegrass pipeline and still, for the life of me cannot figure out where the long term benefit is for the residents along the proposed route of Kentucky (LaRue, Nelson, Hardin, Anderson, Woodford, Scott and Franklin counties).
I ask you, is it really worth the offered price to have your land disturbed for construction and to be at the mercy of the pipeline for any projects where ground is broken?
A couple weeks ago I attended the community forum (in Nelson County) on the proposed natural gas pipeline coming through Kentucky. For the record, on what I have heard and studied, I am opposed to this project and hope it doesn't happen, but as a realist, I know it will happen anyway because big business and big money rule the world. But that's another story.
A few weeks ago, the buzz on some news outlets and online was about Michael Jeffries, the CEO of Abercrombie & Fitch. It wasn't really news, but rather statements Jeffries made to Salon magazine in 2006 in reference to the clothing brand not including women's sizes bigger than large.
One-in-five Ethiopian babies will die before reaching age 5.
Some websites say it is one-in-11.
Either way – what a brutal statistic.
According to the National Institute of Health, Ethiopians have large families that suffer from a lack of basic needs such as food, clothing, housing, and health care and education.
Too many children – not enough resources. It's no wonder so many Ethiopian children die so early – while others are orphaned.
Copyright © 2016
The LaRue County Herald is your source for local news, sports, events and information in LaRue County, KY, and the surrounding area.


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Administration within 24 hours is thought to be key.
Current guidelines on the use of enteral nutrition in critically ill patients recommend that those patients who are expected to spend longer than two days in the ICU begin enteral nutrition within 48 hours of admission to the unit, when feasible (within 24 hours is preferred), yet 40% to 60% of critically ill patients don't receive enteral nutrition within that time period. Wondering whether the low rate of compliance with published guidelines was the result of clinical experience refuting the recommendation, researchers conducted a systematic review of the literature and discovered that the recommended practice does, in fact, have teeth: enteral nutrition provided to critically ill patients within 24 hours of admission to the ICU may significantly reduce a patient's risk of dying—or developing pneumonia or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.
The researchers evaluated 505 randomized, controlled trial reports on early enteral nutrition. Of the 30 that addressed the timing of nutrition administration, only six were methodologically sound enough (or conformed enough with the factors being analyzed) to be included. The six trials reviewed involved a total of 234 patients. Standard treatment (control) options in the studies included enteral nutrition beginning later than 24 hours after injury or ICU admission.
Precisely how soon after fluid resuscitation is completed and the patient is hemodynamically stable enteral feeding should be started is debated. According to guidelines published by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, there's a "window of opportunity," from "within 24 to 72 hours" after admission or the "onset of a hypermetabolic insult," when feedings are "associated with less gut permeability."
When asked in an e-mail about this longer "window," the report's lead author, Gordon S. Doig, associate professor of intensive care medicine at Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, pointed out that current Australian guidelines, which he and his colleagues published in JAMA in 2008, recommend commencing within 24 hours, as do European and Canadian guidelines, and the results of the current metaanalysis appear to support beginning enteral nutrition within 24 hours.
"We believe that the evidence supporting early nutrition is better than the evidence for many other things we do," Doig wrote to AJN. "We have a convincing metaanalysis to support early [parenteral nutrition] and now early [enteral nutrition]. Evidence from metaanalyses may not convince all people, however." The report calls for "improvements in the conduct and reporting of future trials" concerning the timing of enteral and parental nutrition in critically ill patients, and to that end, Doig wrote, as of October 2009 he had already enrolled 880 of a planned 1,470 patients into a randomized, controlled trial of early parenteral nutrition.
The review recommends that health professionals use "judicious clinical judgment" in applying these findings, which may be unsuitable for some patients. Doig also pointed out that the current Australian guidelines list contraindications to enteral nutrition, including bowel obstruction, acute pancreatitis, and imminent bowel resection or endoscopy. In such cases, the guidelines recommend early parenteral nutrition instead.
In the recent metaanalysis, only one of the six trials addressed rates of vomiting, but no difference between groups was found. None of the reports addressed aspiration.
Jennifer Moser
© 2010 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved.
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Phonetic Transcription History
A selection of articles related to phonetic transcription history.
Original articles from our library related to the Phonetic Transcription History. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Phonetic Transcription History.
- Indian History Rewritten
- The Indian civilisation, considered to be the product of clash and subsequent inter mixture of the white-skinned civilised invaders and the dark savages native to India, has been rightly questioned in recent years, and the mischievously fabricated history of...
History & Anthropology >> Indic / Vedic
- The Truth Behind the History of the Necronomicon
- I don't think there are many people out there who haven't heard of the Necronomicon and the dreadful things connected with it. We've all heard the theories about how it is a Satanist tool; actual copies of the book are bound in human skin and how you risk...
Deities & Heros >> Chthulu
- History of the Egyptian Religion, part I: Early Dynastic Period
- I - Predynastic - Early Dynastic Period. The temples were in essence the *Home of the God* and thus a place where only Pharaoh as the Son of God and those he appointed as his deputies, could meet with the god. This goes all the way back to Archaic and...
Religions >> Egyptian
- History of the Egyptian Religion, part II: The Old Kingdom
- II - The Old Kingdom ca 2686-2181 BC During the Old Kingdom the Egyptian society moved from tribal communities to a fully developed theocratic system, where the power of the king was absolute. The great pyramids of Dynasty 4 was made possible by technological...
Religions >> Egyptian
- History of the Egyptian Religion, part IV: Middle Kingdom
- First Intermediate - Middle Kingdom (ca 2181 -1786 bc.) The powers that built the solar temples of the 5th dynasty and the pyramids of the 6th dynasty weakened towards the end of the Old Kingdom, perhaps as a result of eroding economics, leaving the King less...
Religions >> Egyptian
Phonetic Transcription History is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Phonetic Transcription History books and related discussion.
Suggested News Resources
- Merah: The 'Untold Story' of a French Jihadist Icon
- Paris, January 7, 2015 — The brothers Chérif and Saïd Kouachi massacre 11 people at the offices of the French weekly Charlie Hebdo, a satirical publication with a history of publishing caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad. The brothers have ....
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- Kohn's job involves translation of written documents and transcription of recordings (such as wiretaps), in addition to real-time interpretation during legal proceedings. She is registered to do all of these ...
- 'Star Wars' Languages Owe to Tibetan, Finnish, Haya, Quechua, and Penguins
- The secret key to the success of Star Wars in 1977 was its fully realized world. Its universe felt old, lived-in, with a wide diversity of alien species who spoke their own languages.
- Did The Language You Speak Evolve Because Of The Heat?
- And he once analyzed a decades' worth of Larry King transcripts. "I carried the proportion of consonants to vowels that he was using and matched that to the actual humidity on the day he recorded those things," Roberts says.
- Jon Stewart, in his own words
- This symbol of American ingenuity and strength and labor and imagination and commerce and it is gone. But you know what the view is now? The Statue of Liberty.
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.
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Women are wearing their gym gear everywhere: to the shops, school pick-up, even out to lunch. And it's all thanks to one woman, Lorna Jane. She has singlehandedly turned daggy leotards into what she calls "active wear". It's the look good, feel good concept. And Lorna Jane is looking and feeling very good. She has built an active wear empire along with her husband, "Bill the Butcher". And they've just knocked back half a billion dollars for their business. But in recent months Lorna Jane's been accused of discriminating against larger women, and fostering a bullying culture. Allison Langdon goes inside the active wear empire to find out the truth about Lorna Jane.
Reporter: Allison Langdon
Producer: Stephen Taylor
Click here to visit the official Lorna Jane website.
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