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News In Brief
Brookfield Schools plan levy request
BROOKFIELD – A 4.58-mill levy will appear on the May ballot to support the school district. The Board of Education passed a resolution on Tuesday to place the question before voters.
The board called the special meeting Tuesday to discuss the property tax levy, which will bring in approximately $600,000 per year. Board member Ronald Brennan said the levy must first be certified and reapproved by the board at their next meeting in February.
Students' scores to be used nationally
McDONALD – Roosevelt Elementary School will represent Ohio and the nation's fourth-graders on a national assessment of students.
Roosevelt was selected by the U.S. Department of Education, and students will be assessed this year in reading and mathematics as a comparison of student performance across the United States.
The results of the NAEP will be released as the Nation's Report Card.
Warren, Southington meet about water
WARREN – Southington Township trustees and water board members met with Warren city officials Tuesday to discuss the status of plans to extend waterlines from the city along U.S. Route 422 to the township.
Trustee Sam Plott said township officials spoke of their trip to Columbus, where they met with representatives of Public Utilities Commission of Ohio, and let Warren officials know the project has been approved and there is a "clean slate."
Sections of the township have residents getting water from cisterns and wells. A water district was formed and overseen by a board of directors to help bring water to the township. Southington will need to get the funding for the waterlines in order for the city to deliver the water to the township.
Bob Davis, the city of Warren's water department director, plans to contact Trumbull County officials to plan a meeting with all entities on the project.
YSU sets record
for fundraising
YOUNGSTOWN – Youngs-town State University received a record $6.67 million in contributions and commitments in just the first six months of the fiscal year.
The donations were given by alumni and other supporters, and YSU also reported a 33 percent increase in donors.
President Cynthia E. Anderson said, "I am overwhelmed but not surprised by the strength and love of the YSU community."
The previous record was $6.37 million for the entire 2007-08 fiscal year.
Scott Evans, vice president for university advancement, said the majority of the funds will be received over several years. The donations were restricted by donors to all areas of the university, including colleges, programs, scholarships, endowments, capital projects and athletics.
ODOT driver stops wrong-way driver
TOLEDO – Police near Toledo are crediting a quick-thinking snow plow driver for stopping a wrong-way driver on a freeway.
Police say the plow driver was on U.S. Route 23 near the Ohio-Michigan state line when he saw a car going the wrong way in the southbound lanes.
The Ohio Department of Transportation driver then pulled into the road and forced the driver to turn around early last Saturday.
Staff, wire reports
News In Brief
Trumbull and Cuyahoga agree on autopsies deal
WARREN – A longstanding relationship between the Trumbull County Coroner's Office and Cuyahoga County Medical Examiner's Office to perform some autopsies has been put in writing.
The one-year agreement county commissioners approved Wednesday calls for Cuyahoga County to do some autopsies and related testing for $1,075 per autopsy. It's an arrangement the two agencies had for some time, and Wednesday's action formalizes the arrangement, according to Trumbull County commissioners.
Cuyahoga County will only do the autopsies when county coroner Dr. Humphrey Germaniuk is unable or the body is badly decomposed. Trumbull County doesn't have the facility to process bodies in advanced stages of deterioration.
Hermitage police look for bank robber
HERMITAGE, Pa. – Police are looking for a man who robbed a PNC Bank branch at 1055 N. Hermitage Road about noon Wednesday.
A news release states a man walked into the bank and gave a note to a teller asking for money and the teller complied. No weapon was shown, the release states.
The man is described as about 5-foot-9 inches tall, between 40 and 50 years old, and wearing glasses. He had on a brown wool-type hat and light blue jeans.
Anyone with information is asked to call Hermitage police at 724-983-6780 or 724-662-6110 after 5 p.m., or the Pittsburgh office of the FBI at 412-432-4000.
Cortland bridge project still on schedule for 2014
CORTLAND – Work on a project to replace the worn-down Main Street bridge in Cortland and improve the intersection it feeds is on pace to hit the targeted build date next year, according to Trumbull County commissioners.
Now engineering and right-of-way acquisition work is being done on the $1.8 million project that includes replacing the bridge over Walnut Run and adding two turn lanes at the intersection of Main and High streets.
The project, headed by the county Engineer's Office, also includes some cosmetic work that will be done to the new bridge and decorative sidewalk lighting. That's being paid for by a $200,000 grant Cortland received for the 22 new lamps and decorative railing and concrete stamping to the bridge.
Septic replacement to begin in Hubbard Township
WARREN – Construction of a project to replace broken and failing septic systems with sewers in the Kermont Heights neighborhood of Hubbard Township should begin Monday.
The $3.4 million project is one of a dozen Trumbull County is required to complete under an agreement with the state in areas of the county identified as a potential health risk because of the systems.
Dave Sugar Excavating of Petersburg is doing the work. Construction should be complete by November.
The project involves putting in place almost 17,000 feet of sewer to service 163 homes and a few businesses in a northern part of the township, according to county commissioners.
Jury picked for inmate's case of attempted stabbing
YOUNGSTOWN – Jurors were selected Wednesday to hear the case of an inmate at the supermax prison on the East Side who is accused of trying to stab prison guards with a homemade knife.
Jurors were also taken to the prison on state Route 616 Wednesday afternoon to view the crime scene before hearing opening arguments in the case today.
Cornelius Harris, 30, faces charges of felonious assault and attempted felonious assault in the attack, which took place in 2010.
Harris is acting as his own lawyer. Opening statements and testimony are expected to take place today.
Tribune Chronicle
News In Brief
Wind chill advisory
for Mahoning Valley
WARREN – The National Weather Service in Cleveland has issued a wind chill advisory for much of the Mahoning Valley through 11 a.m. Wednesday.
The advisory, which was issued Monday evening and includes most of northern Ohio, indicates wind chill readings could be as low as -16 degrees with strong winds gusts up to 30 miles per hour.
Weather officials indicate today's temperatures are expected to range between 3 degrees and 13 degrees. The NWS forecast calls for a high of 15 degrees on Wednesday.
Those going outside are advised to dress warmly and avoid prolonged exposure to the outdoors to prevent frostbite and hypothermia as conditions can make it feel as if it is -10 degrees or colder.
Niles man accused of driving drunk with child
NILES – A local man is facing charges of OVI and endangering children after police said they found him drunk behind the wheel with a young child in the backseat on Saturday, Tribune Chronicle news partner WYTV Channel 33 reported.
Police said they received a call about an out-of-control Buick weaving all over Robbins Avenue heading toward the downtown.
According to reports, William Barton, 42, of Niles, reeked of alcohol and failed all field sobriety tests.
A 4-year-old boy in the backseat wasn't buckled in with a seat belt. Officers said they gave Barton a Breathalyzer test at the Niles Police Department and his blood-alcohol content registered a 0.380. The legal limit for driving in Ohio is 0.08, meaning Barton's was nearly five times the legal limit.
Barton and the boy were released into his mother's custody. He was scheduled to be arraigned in Niles Municipal Court today.
McDonald BOE places renewal levy on ballot
McDONALD – The Board of Education at a special meeting on Monday gave the final necessary reading to place the renewal of a 3.85-mill, five-year operating school levy on the May primary ballot.
Board member Katherine Harvey said the board voted 4-0 on the issue that will generate $200,147 annually for day-to-day needs of the school district. Included in the day-to-day needs is the operation of two school buildings.
The board had given first reading to the issue earlier this month.
The levy was originally was passed in November 2007.
Challenge 24 tourney
on hold due to weather
WARREN – Due to the cancellation of classes at Warren City Schools today, Challenge 24 has been postponed.
The regional math tournament was to be held at Warren G. Harding High School's gymnasium.
It will be rescheduled for a later date.
For more information, call Tribune Chronicle events coordinator Sue Shafer at 330-841-1696.
Nominations sought
for Community Stars
Nominations are being sought for the Tribune Chronicle Community Star program.
Now in its 12th year, the program celebrates the volunteers who have had a significant influence on Trumbull County, be it through tireless hours of service, random acts of kindness or a single moment of courage.
The 10 people chosen will be recognized in a special section published in the newspaper, and treated to a banquet open to the community at W.D. Packard Music Hall on March 19.
Nominations are due by Feb. 1. They can be emailed to Sue Shafer at email@example.com or submitted through the Virtual Newsroom on tribtoday.com.
They can also be hand-delivered or mailed to Sue Shafer c/o Tribune Chronicle, 240 Franklin St. S.E., Warren, OH 44483.
Tribune Chronicle
News in brief
House fire kills two in Jackson Township
JACKSON – A mother and her son died in an overnight Sunday fire here.
The fire started about 1 a.m. on North Duck Creek Road near Silica Road, according to Tribune news partner WYTV 33.
A Milton Township firefighter was injured after a fall from the porch.
The State Fire Marshal has not yet determined where the fire started.
The ages and identities of the pair were not known later Sunday. Autopsies are scheduled for Tuesday.
Sharon teen shot; man facing homicide charge
SHARON, Pa. – A man here is facing a homicide charge following the early Sunday shooting of a teenager in a house on Strawbridge Avenue, police said.
Leangelo Ford, 17, died at about 2 a.m. Sunday in the emergency room of Sharon Regional Health System, the Sharon Herald newspaper reports.
He was a sophomore at Sharon High School.
Police arrested Jontae Maurice Barnes, 19, 381 Liberty St., Sharon, about 12:15 a.m.
Barnes is facing a single count of criminal homicide. His bail was set at $200,000 and he was taken to Mercer County Jail, according to court documents.
Teenager arrested on charges of arson
WARREN TOWNSHIP – A 15-year-old was arrested on an aggravated arson charge shortly after 1:47 p.m. Sunday, following a fire at 655 Bane St.
Police Lt. Don Bishop said the teenager was one of two young people who went into the house and started a small fire. Once the fire started, the youths threw a burning object out of the window to the side of the house. A fire started at the side of house, burning the siding of the home.
There were three people in the house at the time of the fire, Bishop said.
When questioned about the fire, the two boys initially told police they saw someone drive up to the house in a black vehicle and start the fire but later admitted there was no car, police said.
Bishop said the 15-year-old is a suspect in several other fires that occurred in the township since spring 2012.
He was taken to Trumbull County's Juvenile Justice Center.
Diocese of Youngstown reviews school safety
Diocese of Youngstown School officials held a meeting last week aimed at improving the emergency management plans and safety of its 35 schools, according to a release.
Mahoning County Sheriff's Deputies Robert Russo, Jeff Saluga, Sgt. Steve Lindlow, Greg Taillon and retired Sgt. Chuck Van Dyke facilitated the workshop. On hand from the diocese were the presidents, principals and other school officials.
The deputies lectured on basic strategies, ways to secure classrooms, the A.L.I.C.E. (Alert, Lockdown, Inform, Counter, Evacuate) system of school safety, evacuation, and lockdown techniques that will be beneficial in an emergency, the release states.
Further, according to the release, all Youngstown Diocese schools will be conducting audits of their emergency management plans and overall school safety.
For more information, contact the Office of Catholic Schools, 330-744-8451.
Newton officials to meet about cemetery levy
NEWTON – Newton Township trustees will hold a special meeting at 7 p.m. Tuesday at the township hall to give a second reading and also a public hearing of the proposed 0.5-mill, five-year cemetery levy.
The second reading will officially place the levy on the May primary ballot. The levy would be used for maintaining and operating cemeteries.
At the meeting trustees will also review insurance and discuss employee medical premiums.
News In Brief
Missing man's body found in building
YOUNGSTOWN – The Mahoning County Coroner's Office says the body of a missing man found inside an abandoned South Side apartment building showed no signs of foul play.
A news release from the coroner's office states that Antonio Fusco, 40, was found about 8:40 p.m. Wednesday in the building, which is in the 800 block of East Indianola Avenue.
An autopsy by forensic pathologist Dr. Joseph Ohr showed no evidence of trauma or anything that would cause a natural death, according to a Coroner's Office news release. There was also no evidence of death due to hypothermia, the release states.
The release states an investigation is ongoing and Ohr is awaiting toxicology results.
Fusco was reported missing by family members on Dec. 27, the release states.
Eastwood Mall eel swallows shark in tank
NILES – Eastwood Mall closed its aquarium for a short period last week after an eel ate one of the sharks.
Joe Bell, director of corporate communication for the Cafaro Company, said on Thursday that the area was closed off to allow workers to clean the aquarium and to avoid causing anyone, especially small children, distress. The Cafaro Company owns the mall.
"Every so often, we have something like this happen when one of the predators will take a bite out of another creature," Bell said.
"We try to do our best to avoid mixing creatures that are more aggressive, but it's part of nature. We try to keep the animals well fed so they are full and satisfied, and something like this doesn't happen. Unfortunately, sometimes it does."
Flames break out in Youngstown apartment
YOUNGSTOWN – An unattended grease fire caused $6,000 damage to an East Side apartment Thursday morning.
Crews were called about 5:15 a.m. to 610 Kendis Circle. All tenants of the building were outside and smoke was coming from the first floor of the building, firefighters said.
The fire was contained to the kitchen. The occupant of the apartment told firefighters she put on grease to make french fries and fell asleep. She woke up to the smell of smoke and ran outside.
No one was injured.
Schools officer pleads guilty to sex charge
COLUMBUS – A former Ohio school resource police officer has pleaded guilty to a charge that he coerced sexual behavior from minors.
Evidence presented Thursday said the FBI discovered in July 2012 that Todd Smith was having an illicit relationship with a 15-year-old girl and that a second relationship with another 15-year-old girl was then discovered that involved Smith and the girl exchanging more than 6,000 texts.
Smith pleaded guilty Thursday in federal court in Columbus to one count of using a cell phone to entice two underage minors to engage in sexual activity.
A federal judge had called Smith's alleged actions "violence of the worst sort" last year after listening to a prosecutor and FBI agent read sexually graphic text messages Smith exchanged with the girls.
Agency combines offices to save $2M annually
COLUMBUS – A plan to consolidate 13 offices is expected to save Ohio's human services agency about $2 million annually.
The Department of Job and Family Services says the plan to minimize vacant office space will begin this spring and finish by year's end.
The department's director says that while moving to new locations might present challenges for some employees, the plan preserves jobs. Michael Colbert says the consolidation maintains the agency's statewide presence without affecting services to individuals or businesses.
Offices in Bridgeport, Canton, Dayton and Tiffin are among those with staff that will be sent elsewhere.
Staff, wire reports
News in brief
Man gets prison in 'bodily substance' case
WARREN – A 21-year-old Hubbard man was sentenced to 30 months in prison Wednesday after pleading guilty to charges of robbery and harassment with a bodily substance.
Daniel Good of East Liberty Street was sentenced by Trumbull County Common Pleas Judge W. Wyatt McKay to six months for throwing urine on a corrections officer in Trumbull County Jail last fall after he had been arrested on the robbery charge.
Good got an additional two years in prison for the robbery charge that stemmed from a cell phone and car keys stolen from a woman at knifepoint.
Assistant county prosecutor Diane Barber said the robbery occurred at Good's home. Charges of abduction and kidnapping in that incident were dismissed in exchange for the plea.
Woman gets 90 days in jail in fatal accident
YOUNGSTOWN – A 22-year-old Poland woman was sentenced to 90 days in jail by Mahoning County Common Pleas Court Judge R. Scott Krichbaum on a charge of attempted aggravated vehicular homicide.
Prosecutors had not recommended jail time for Michelle Green, only probation.
Krichbaum also suspended her driver's license for a year and placed her on five years probation.
She entered a guilty plea on Nov. 14.
She was charged in a July 2 accident at the intersection of Middletown and Unity roads in Springfield Township that killed 32-year-old Matthew Clinkscale and injured two of his children. Green and a 3-year-old in her car also were treated for injuries.
Sen. Portman to tour Youngstown company
YOUNGSTOWN – Republican U.S. Sen. Rob Portman will tour Dearing Compressor and Pump in Youngstown on Friday, his office announced.
The half-hour tour of the facility on Simon Road is the first of several stops Portman is set to make in northeast Ohio. He also will tour AlphaMicron in Kent and attend a liquid crystal technology roundtable there and then visit the Northeast Ohio Medical University in Rootstown.
The senator also is expected to swing by the Mahoning County Republican Party headquarters in Boardman in the morning.
Pastor convicted of rape of woman at shelter
NORTH JACKSON – A North Jackson pastor was convicted Wednesday of the 2010 rape of a developmentally disabled 20-year-old woman who was staying at the shelter he ran.
Ronald Pyles, 59, pastor of the Victory Harvest Ministry in North Jackson, was convicted of rape and gross sexual imposition in a bench trial before Mahoning County Common Pleas Judge James C. Evans. Pyles was acquitted of another count of rape and gross sexual imposition.
Sentencing is set for Jan. 23. Prosecutors are asking for the maximum 16-year sentence, according to WYTV 33 News.
The rapes occurred between October 2010 and April 2011 at Victory Harvest Ministry. The investigation began when the woman told a teacher, according to 33 News.
Pyles' attorney, David Gerchak, said he believed the prosecution failed to prove rape and that the woman was coached what to say during testimony. He plans to appeal, according to 33 News.
Liberty Trustees to hold special meeting on parks
LIBERTY – Township trustees will conduct a special meeting at 11 a.m. today in the Township Administration Building.
The board will explore options regarding the two parks in the township, Churchill and Center parks. Also attending the public meeting will be officials from the Trumbull County MetroParks to discuss possibly taking over control of the two parks.
The special public meeting will be followed by an executive session to discuss personnel issues.
News In Brief
Police looking into pair of robberies
WARREN – Police here were looking for suspects in two unrelated robberies at different stores Sunday.
Shortly after 3 p.m., a 51-year-old Warren man pulled into the parking lot of the Sparkle Market on Parkman Road N.W., and two masked men confronted him and took $160 from his wallet. The victim told police a gun was shown.
About 9:30 a.m., $150 was taken from a 36-year-old clerk at the Family Dollar Store, 378 Elm Road N.E., by a gunman who grabbed the money from the register.
Newton officials to meet on levy
NEWTON – Newton Township trustees have scheduled a special meeting for 9 a.m. Wednesday at the township hall to consider a resolution for a levy for cemetery upkeep, equipment and maintenance.
Trustees also will meet to discuss upgrades to Hott West Road.
Man held in slaying of girl, 16, in Akron
AKRON – Police say a 24-year-old man is being held in a weekend shooting in northeast Ohio that left a 16-year-old girl dead and a 19-year-old woman shot in the head.
Officers say they arrested 24-year-old David Stoddard at a motel Sunday morning, shortly after the shooting at a home in Akron. Police say Stoddard knew the teens, but no motive for the shooting has been established.
The Akron Beacon Journal reports that police were called to the home at about 4 a.m. Sunday. Other people in the home identified Stoddard at the shooter.
Casino betting mostly up in December in Ohio
COLUMBUS – Bettors were looking for holiday luck last month, putting more money into slot machines and table games at the two Ohio casinos opened the longest.
But the Ohio Casino Control Commission said Monday the Hollywood Columbus casino which opened in October saw betting drop from November to December for both slots and table games as the novelty wore off.
The Horseshoe Cleveland casino received the biggest boost in December, with slots betting up 17.3 percent and wagers at table games up 12.6 percent.
Man crashes, dies after police chase
CINCINNATI – Authorities say a man died after crashing his car while fleeing a sheriff's deputy attempting to stop him for an alleged violation of Ohio's vehicle-window tint law.
The Hamilton County sheriff's office says 32-year-old Aaron Williams of Cincinnati was pronounced dead at a suburban Cincinnati hospital shortly after the crash on Monday morning.
A sheriff's release says the deputy signaled the driver to stop after noting the darkly tinted windows. Violating Ohio law's that prohibits car windows from being tinted too darkly is a misdemeanor.
Authorities say the driver sped off, losing control of his car and hitting a fence and a tree after a chase that lasted about a minute.
Prisons dept. pays $350K to settle claim
COLUMBUS – Ohio's prisons department has agreed to pay $350,000 to settle a medical negligence claim made by a former inmate at the Belmont Correctional Institution.
The Court of Claims of Ohio announced the Dec. 28 settlement on Monday.
According to a 2010 complaint against the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction, Joshua Leach complained of leg numbness and left hand weakness to a prison physician while at the correctional facility in 2008.
Rather than conduct an MRI scan of the cervical spine recommended by an emergency room doctor, a prison physician recommended an electromyogram/nerve conduction study first. Results from that study necessitated an MRI, which was conducted seven weeks later.
Leach alleged that the prison doctor failed to timely diagnose the herniation of his spine.
Staff, wire reports
News In Brief
Flu prompts HMHP visiting changes
Because of a high number of flu cases, Humility of Mary Health Partners is offering guidelines for hospital visits.
The hospital system urges anyone who is not feeling well not to come to the hospital to visit someone because they could run the risk of infecting patients and staff, according to a release from the health system.
Also, no visitors younger than 14 are allowed because children are exposed to more germs and can infect others and can also catch the flu while at the hospital, the release states.
The practice of one family member staying the night has been rescinded as well until flu cases subside except for a gravely ill or minor patient, the release states. Also, waiting rooms will not be allowed to be used for people staying overnight.
To avoid the flu, HMHP recommends to stay away from crowded areas, wash your hands often, cough into your sleeve or a tissue and stay home if you are sick.
The guidelines are in place immediately at all HMHP buildings until flu cases recede, according to the release.
Institute sets 26th annual King salute
WARREN – The A. Philip Randolph Institute Trumbull County Chapter will hold the 26th annual Salute to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. on Jan 12.
The event begins at 3 p.m. at DiVieste Banquet Hall, 754 North River Road N.W., with the theme, "Moving Forward, No Turning Back." Keynote speaker is state Sen. Nina Turner, 25th District.
The Community Service Award will be presented to Deryck Toles, executive director of Inspiring Minds. The event's honorary chairman will be Darryl Parker, president, United Steel Workers Local 1375.
Cost is $30 per person, with tickets available through Thursday from any APRI member or by calling David "Sonny" Morgan at 330-718-5224.
Four injured in
GM complex fire
LORDSTOWN – Four workers were being treated for smoke inhalation after a fire broke out at the East Plant at the General Motors complex about 9 p.m. Friday.
Village fire Chief James Wishart said some workers were welding and the sparks caught some oil on fire, and that oil spread to an air vent.
Wishart said the fire was mostly smoke and was out by the time firefighters arrived. He said the workers put the fire out.
The plant was evacuated but Wishart said the only people there at the time were contractors doing other work.
He estimated the damage to be around $10,000. The four workers were taken to area hospitals.
North Jackson firefighters were called out to assist. No one else was injured.
Man charged with heroin possession
WARREN – A city man stopped by police for playing loud music in his car has been charged with drug possession.
Derrick L. Eggleston, 26, 470 Fourth St. S.W., is free on $25,000 bond after pleading not guilty at his arraignment on Friday. He was arrested about 11 p.m. Thursday during a traffic stop near Austin Avenue S.W. and Front Street S.W. in Warren.
Police reported finding a plastic bag containing 78 bindles of heroin in the vehicle after a K9 alerted officers.
Warren police
respond to gunfire
WARREN – City police are investigating gunfire that hit a home in the area of Third Street S.W. on Thursday.
Police said they received a call that 15 shots had been fired in the area. Officers reported locating several bullet holes in the exterior walls of a residence. They also found several shell casings in the roadway, according to reports.
Officers said the resident, Leslie Bryant, 21, told them no one was hurt and she had no idea who might have been shooting.
Tribune Chronicle
News In Brief
Body of woman found near barricades
WARREN – The body of a 50-year-old woman was found at 2:35 p.m. Wednesday at the corner of Freeman and Vernon Avenue N.W. and Freeman Street, near some concrete barricades.
Police had not identified the victim as of Wednesday evening.
There were no apparent signs of trauma, according to police. An investigation is ongoing.
Patrol reports decline in holiday fatals
COLUMBUS – The Ohio State Highway Patrol is reporting that six people were killed on Ohio's roadways during this New Year's holiday reporting period of Monday through Tuesday.
Last year, 14 people were killed during the holiday reporting period, which was a total of four days. This year, the reporting period was two days. Of this New Year's Holiday fatalities, two occurred in Franklin County including a pedestrian, the patrol reported in a news release.
The public is encouraged to continue using #677 to report dangerous or impaired drivers, as well as drug activity, the patrol stated in its news release.
Warren woman reports attack by intruders
WARREN – A 19-year-old city woman said she was pinned to the floor by one intruder while two others ransacked her home Monday morning.
Police said Shantel Boss, 3238 Northwest Blvd. N.W., required no medical treatment even though her feet were cut by glass from a window broken out in a rear door of the home shortly after 10 a.m.
Boss said the one man held her in a choke hold while the other two made off with a $200 video game system and two $500 laptop computers.
Spots open on charter review commission
NEWTON FALLS – The village is accepting applications for seven qualified electors interested in serving on the Charter Review Commission.
The commission is formed every five years to review the village's charter and submit proposed changes to council for approval.
The commission has four months to submit changes, and the terms expire after eight months, according to village clerk Kathy King. The commission sets its own meeting times.
Interested residents should contact King at 330-872-0806 no later than Jan. 31.
Christmas tree pickup set for Cortland homes
CORTLAND – Curbside Christmas tree collection will be offered today and Jan. 10 by the city. Residents who wish to recycle their trees may also drop them off at Willow Park until Jan. 16.
Tribune Chronicle
News In Brief
Police play party pooper in Liberty
LIBERTY – A private New Year's Eve party was broken up by police before it started because a liquor license couldn't be produced.
The party's host and promoter booked the Metroplex Hotel and Convention Center about a month ago for a New Year's Eve bash.
"She (host Tammi Shadd) paid me money to get the food together, I got the food together, I got security together, we got everything together which was required of us," Zachary Howell, promoter for Big Boss Events, told WYTV 33 News.
But at 10:45 p.m., with close to 50 people already in the ballroom, Liberty police arrived and asked Metroplex manager Dr. Indira Sammy to show them her liquor license, which she couldn't find.
Sammy said her ownership group has a license to sell liquor on the premises, and a quick check of the Ohio Division of Liquor Control website confirmed that. Police said they needed to see the original document.
Liberty police continue to investigate and more legal action could be pending.
Thirty people plunge into icy Lake Milton
LAKE MILTON – About 30 people dove into the chilly waters of Lake Milton on Tuesday for the ninth annual Polar Bear Plunge.
Men and women were "freezin' for no reason" as they dressed in swimsuits and outlandish outfits and ran from the Craig Beach swimming area into the lake, according to WYTV 33 News. The event is sponsored by the Grandview Tavern.
"There has been so much trauma in the world that it's such a happy event and everybody does something unique with no repercussions. Everybody has a great time," said Polar Bear Plunge organizer Mary Ann Slaven.
Fire officials were on hand to make sure everyone plunged safely. Afterward, everyone was invited back to the Grandview Tavern to warm up with hot drinks.
"I had to do it again because the first time I did not get my hair wet and according to my cousins, that doesn't count, so I had to do it again," said Kim Maurice of Wadsworth.
Thousands without power in Cleveland
CLEVELAND – Thousands of Cleveland residents spent part of New Year's Day without power after a large transformer blew sometime in the morning.
Crews had power restored to most of the 5,300 FirstEnergy customers affected by the outage by Tuesday afternoon.
The outage hit as temperatures hovered in the mid-20s.
City sues to tax base's civilian employees
RIVERSIDE – A city has gone to federal court in its fight to tax civilian employees and contractors who work on part of an Air Force base.
The city of Riverside near Dayton says a provision of Ohio's municipal income tax law that prevents it from collecting taxes from employees at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base is unconstitutional.
The Dayton Daily News reported that Riverside claims the law provides an arbitrary and unjustifiable tax exemption to some government employees and contractors.
Ohio argues the state is allowed to pass laws that restrict cities' taxing authority.
The city lost a similar case in state courts.
Riverside has been trying to collect taxes on a portion of the base since 2007.
Staff, wire reports


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Which Joe gave his name to 'sloppy joes'? We look at five interesting sandwiches and their lexical origins.
Definition of Sphenopsida in English:
proper nounBotany
A class of pteridophyte plants that comprises the horsetails and their extinct relatives.
- 'In order to build up data infrastructure on the horology of Croatian vascular flora, the present data on the distribution of taxa from the class Sphenopsida were collected from literature and herbarium sources.'
- 'Equisetum is an ancient genus and comprises the sole surviving representatives of the class Sphenopsida.'
- 'By the early Mesozoic, these had apparently become extinct, with the rather scanty fossil record of Sphenopsida consisting by then mainly of casts and impressions of stems resembling those of modern Equisetum.'
- 'These horsetails (Sphenopsida) were arborescent (tree-like) and grew to a height of up to 10 meters.'
- 'In the past, this group was thought to be ancestral to the Sphenopsida based on their overall structure and organization, but more recent studies show their internal anatomy was more like that of the ferns.'
Modern Latin (plural), from Greek sphēn wedge + opsis appearance.
Further reading
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Applause Letters for Sept. 21
September 25, 2013
'Angel' inspired to help after reading Tribune column
I have always believed in angels — and on Sept. 7, I met one.
I was at Big-O Tires having my car serviced. After the mechanic told me what was wrong, I was trying to figure out what I needed first — brakes or tires. I chose brakes. The mechanic agreed to do the work I asked. I thought I could come back next week for the tires.
As I was waiting, a gentleman came into the store for some work on his car. He asked if I knew how to work the coffee pot. I jumped up and between us both, we got it to work. After a while, this man told me he was paying for my tires. I was dumbfounded. No one has ever done something like that outside of family and close friends.
I told him I couldn't allow that. He told me that it's too late — they're already putting them on. I sat there and cried. Tears streaming down my face, all I could say was thank you.
As this man was leaving, he tapped me on the shoulder and handed me an article he was reading. It was "Lesson Learned" by Dan Jones, the Sept. 7 Tribune.
As he handed me this paper, he told me my bill was taken care of — brakes and tires. I was in total disbelief. I asked if I could at least hug him. That day I know I hugged an angel. He has no idea what he did for me. I never got his name — but as he left, his last words were to buy me something nice with the money I saved. So you see, there are angels, and mine showed up at Big-O Tires in Evans.
Bless your heart, you will never be forgotten.
Christa Bennett, Greeley
Thanks to community for making sale a success
The congregation of the Evans United Methodist Church, 602 39th St. in Evans, would like to thank all of the people in Weld County for donations received for their annual garage/bake sale. The sale was a great success thanks to the donations and the people who picked them up.
The items that were not sold were paid forward to others who reach out. Items were donated to the Grant Guys of Kersey — who distribute clothes to the homeless — The Lighthouse in Evans — which is very generous to people in need — and the ARC store and Westwood School.
A special thanks goes to the Greeley Tribune for publishing the daily events and faith briefs, which run our items frequently. It is a blessing to have such a civic-minded newspaper.
The congregation would also like to take this opportunity to thank the Texas Roadhouse for their generosity during the past few years. The Roadhouse generously donates delicious bread rolls one Sunday a month.
The church continues collecting DVDs for vets. We have gotten some generous donations to this worthy cause. You still have time to donate, and if you would like to donate, please call (970) 346-1450.
Again, we want to thank everyone in the area who has helped with any of these projects.
Jacquelyn Crick, secretary, Evans United Methodist Church
Sheriff's Posse, others go above, beyond call of duty
Hope Equine Therapy Inc. and Michelle and Don Steinmetz would like to thank everyone who helped rescue our horses, as well as others. There were so many people who went above and beyond to help save the lives of people and animals. We would like to especially thank Margie Martinez Perusek and the Sheriff's Posse for going above and beyond. They truly care about people and animals and know and understand how much animals mean to people. They gave up all of their personal plans and were out there the whole time. They are truly an amazing bunch of people, and I believe that they should be recognized for all that they do. The only care and belief that they had was to save lives and rescue.
Michelle Steinmetz, Hope Equine Therapy
Trending In: Opinion
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Background and Purpose. Evidence to guide physical therapist prognosis for recovery of the ability to ambulate in children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is limited. The aim of this study was to delineate a predictive model and determine the value of key demographic and clinical variables in establishing a prognosis for ambulation without the assistance of a device or person over 15.24 m on a flat, level surface following inpatient rehabilitation. Subjects and Methods. For this retrospective study, a consecutive series of 95 children and adolescents with TBI (aged 2–18 years) admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation program was assessed using information from medical records. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors for ambulation at the time of discharge from the rehabilitation setting. Results. Fifty-six percent of the children achieved ambulation at discharge. Lower-extremity hypertonicity (measured on physical therapist examination as resistance to passive stretch), brain injury severity, and lower-extremity injury together were predictors of the ability to ambulate. Discussion and Conclusion. Impairment and injury-related variables were important in predicting a minimal level of unassisted ambulation after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Awareness of predictors of recovery of the ability to ambulate that are gathered as part of a physical therapist's examination may assist in developing a prognosis for ambulation and in establishment of an appropriate plan of care.
One of the first questions parents frequently ask physical therapists when their child is transferred from the acute care setting to the rehabilitation setting is, "What is the likelihood that my child will regain the ability to walk?" After an acquired injury, particularly for children who previously walked, families often expect their children to regain their preinjury ambulation status. Recovery of premorbid ambulation ability is a primary goal for children admitted to inpatient rehabilitation programs with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and often is a primary focus of the individualized rehabilitation plan of care.1,2
Physical therapists often focus primarily on recovery of mobility skills. Physical therapist examination during inpatient rehabilitation of children and adolescents following TBI includes a evaluation of premorbid and current (injury-related) history. Because the clinical sequelae of TBI are multifaceted, the systems review for a child with TBI includes the cardiovascular/pulmonary, integumentary, musculoskeletal, and neuromuscular systems as well as the child's general cognitive and communication abilities.3,4 As part of the evaluation of a child within a comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation program, physical therapists routinely examine function as part of their testing.5 The results of the physical therapist's examination and evaluation are used to establish a physical therapist diagnosis and to determine a prognosis.3
A physical therapist prognosis includes "the determination of the predicted optimal level of improvement in function."3(p46) Knowledge of prognostic factors about mobility recovery contributes to formation of a plan of care and theoretically to effective intervention programs and the establishment of realistic goals for children and their families. We know of no studies in which predictors or prognostic factors of recovery of the ability to ambulate have been identified during inpatient rehabilitation for children and adolescents following TBI.
Descriptive accounts of recovery of the ability to ambulate in children and adolescents after TBI are varied. Although many children with TBI are unable to ambulate at the time of discharge from the hospital,6–10 others have only minor residual deficits, such as performing standardized gross motor test items requiring speed.11–13 In a study of the ambulation status of 98 children with traumatic and anoxic brain injuries at the time of discharge from inpatient rehabilitation, 71 children (72%) were considered "community walkers."6 Other authors14 who examined the outcomes of 25 children with TBI reported that 16 of the children were able to walk outdoors independently and that 4 other children could ambulate within their homes at the time of discharge from an inpatient rehabilitation program.
Previous descriptive studies of children with TBI provide a myriad of factors to consider in developing a predictive model for ambulation recovery during inpatient rehabilitation. For example, children who experience a TBI at a later age have been described as regaining more motor skills, including ambulation capability, than younger children.9 The presence of extracranial injuries, specifically lower-extremity injuries,15,16 and type of brain injury6,10,17 have been related to poor mobility (including ambulation) outcomes in children with TBI. Injury severity reports8,10,18 indicate that the more severe the injury (operationally defined as the amount of time the child is unconscious following injury), the less likely the child with TBI will achieve full recovery of physical function. Hypertonicity, a commonly reported motor impairment following TBI in children,14,18,19 also has been reported to influence a child's ability to ambulate after injury.14,19 Diminished cognitive outcomes (level of responsiveness) have been correlated with greater deficits in wheelchair mobility and ambulation at the time of discharge from inpatient rehabilitation.6 Lastly, as has been found with adults following a stroke,20,21 the level of physical functioning, as determined by an initial functional assessment score at hospital admission, also may assist with the development of an ambulation prognosis in the pediatric patient with TBI.
Positive and negative prognostic factors for ambulation have been reported in pediatric conditions other than TBI. In children with cerebral palsy (CP),22–25 the type of CP,24 the age at which children achieved the ability to sit,23–25 the persistence of selected primitive reflexes,22,24 and a history of epilepsy23,24 have been described as predictors of ambulatory ability. The presence of hypertonicity in muscles around the knee and hip joints, the number of shunt revisions, and the occurrence of balance disturbances have been negatively correlated with ambulation in children with myelomeningocele, regardless of lesion level.26
Information about recovery of ambulation in children with TBI during inpatient rehabilitation is derived from descriptive studies. It is not clear, however, which clinical information should be used routinely by physical therapists to develop a prognosis regarding the ability to ambulate. Based on our synthesis of the literature and on the clinical experience of the rehabilitation team at Franciscan Children's Hospital and Rehabilitation Center (FCH), Boston, Mass, we hypothesized that potential predictors for recovery of ambulation are: (1) demographic factors (eg, age at the time of injury9), (2) injury-related factors (eg, extracranial injuries,15,16 type of brain injury,10,17 injury severity8,10,18), (3) impairments (eg, hypertonicity in the lower extremities14,18,19 and cognitive status6), and (4) functional limitations (eg, physical functioning) at admission to the rehabilitation program.20,21
The achievement of ambulation signifies a major milestone in the recovery of physical functioning following TBI in children. It is also a primary goal for discharge from the inpatient rehabilitation setting because it allows children to return home without restrictions in mobility. The aim of our study was to delineate a predictive model and determine the value of the following variables: age at the time of injury, presence of lower-extremity injury, type of brain injury, injury severity, presence of hypertonicity in the lower extremities, cognitive status, and physical functioning at admission to the rehabilitation facility in establishing a physical therapist prognosis for ambulation following inpatient rehabilitation.
Children and adolescents discharged from the Inpatient Pediatric Physical Rehabilitation Program at FCH between November 1994 and January 2002 with a primary diagnosis of TBI were eligible for inclusion in this retrospective study. We chose this period to include as many children as possible in the study because we believed it would maximize the validity of our predictive model. Data were excluded if the children were less than 2 years of age when they were admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation program, if they were not independent ambulators prior to the TBI due to a pre-existing condition, or if they experienced a complete spinal cord injury (a nonreversible condition) in addition to TBI. Data also were excluded if the children were capable of ambulation indoors for greater than 15.24 m (50 ft) when they were admitted to the rehabilitation facility or if they had restrictions due to the presence of multiple trauma or impairments in which ambulation was not expected to occur during the time the children were in the inpatient rehabilitation setting. For example, data from children who remained non–weight bearing on their lower extremities throughout their inpatient stay were not included. For children who were transferred to an acute care hospital and returned to FCH to complete their rehabilitation, all inpatient rehabilitation admission-discharge episodes were combined. We had full data on all eligible subjects. Demographic characteristics of the 95 (86%) children and adolescents who were discharged during the study time frame and met the inclusion criteria are shown in Table 1.
Following approval by the Institutional Review Board at FCH, retrospective data were collected from hospital medical records and a pre-existing program database of patient demographics and program outcome data. A data collection form27 was developed by the study's primary investigator (HMD) to collect all information extracted from the medical records (Appendix). Instructions indicating where the information was located in the medical record and definitions of all independent variables were developed prior to data collection and were attached to the data collection form. Medical record reviews were completed by 2 of the authors (HMD, TMC) and entered into a Statistical Package for the Social Sciences28,* database designed for this study. Random checks were conducted by the primary investigator on a total of 12% of the records reviewed to ensure absolute agreement of data extraction from the medical records and to ensure accuracy of data entry. Five records were reviewed initially, 3 records were reviewed halfway through the data collection period, and an additional 3 records were reviewed near the end of the data collection period. Absolute agreement of values from the medical record was greater than 95% for all records at all 3 checkpoints.
Information regarding ambulation ability, the dependent variable for this study, was collected from each individual child's Physical Therapy Discharge Examination note in the medical record. If discharge ambulatory status was unclear, the attending physiatrist's discharge summary or team conference reports in the child's medical record were reviewed. Ambulation was defined as being able to walk indoors (with or without deviations in gait pattern) with no assistive gait device (eg, cane, walker), support (person or surroundings), or guarding or supervision for balance on level surfaces. Supervision for behavioral problems such as impulsivity or for other potential medical conditions such as seizures was not considered as an inability to ambulate. Orthoses (eg, ankle-foot orthosis) could be used. The child had to be capable of ambulating greater than 15.24 m on a flat, level surface in an indoor setting. Distance determination was based on assessment of ambulation in one of several previously measured hallways throughout the hospital. Capability to ascend or descend stairs was not considered.
The independent variables were dichotomized and coded systematically for the study. For example, we classified the independent variable of lower-extremity hypertonicity as "present" or "not present." Due to the prestudy establishment of variable definitions and development of a method of data extraction, we believe we avoided the need for data interpretation by the chart reviewers. Presence or absence of lower-extremity injury (injury-related variable) included the presence or absence of any unilateral or bilateral lower-extremity fracture or joint subluxation or dislocation. Classifying children as having a diffuse or nondiffuse type of brain injury (injury-related variable) was intended by us to distinguish between noncentralized axonal injuries and subdural hematomas, contusions, or hemorrhages due to trauma. Injury severity (injury-related variable), defined as the length of time of unconsciousness following injury, was classified as either more or less than 24 hours. This was done due to inconsistency in the number of hours of unconsciousness after injury documented in the medical records. Presence or absence of lower-extremity hypertonicity at the time of admission to the rehabilitation setting (motor impairment) was based only on the presence or absence of hypertonia in any lower-extremity muscles, as documented by the physical therapist during the admission examination. Classification of cognitive status at the time of admission to the inpatient facility was based on the ability of the child to respond or not to respond to verbal or physical commands (impairment variable) as documented by the physical therapist during the admission examination. In addition, age and physical functioning, based on Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory29 (PEDI) Functional Skills and Caregiver Assistance Mobility summary scale scores, at the time of admission to the rehabilitation facility were used as continuous variables.
The PEDI is used to measure functional mobility at the time of admission to and discharge from the inpatient rehabilitation facility. The PEDI is a functional assessment that is designed to measure both capability and performance of daily living skills based on general observation of the child. Physical therapists complete the PEDI's Mobility domain at the time each child is admitted to and discharged from the rehabilitation program. Physical therapists are trained in the use of the PEDI by senior physical therapy staff in the inpatient physical rehabilitation program by use of case studies in the PEDI manual29 and by joint administration of the assessment before independent use. An annual review of the case studies provided for training in the PEDI manual and a review of the scoring criteria with all program and physical therapy staff is designed to contribute to staff competence and reliability of data obtained with the PEDI as an outcome measure.
Data Analysis
Data analysis and interpretation of results were performed using SPSS.28 Descriptive statistics were generated for demographic characteristics of the study sample. A multiple logistic regression analysis30 was used to determine the contributions of each of the variables identified as potential predictors of recovery of the ability to ambulate for children and adolescents with TBI.
The analysis was conducted in 2 phases. In the first phase, a bivariate correlational analysis was completed with all 8 potential predictor variables (Phi coefficient for dichotomous variables and Pearson correlation coefficient for interval-level variables) and the dependent variable (ambulation). This was done to account for the large number of potential predictor variables that could be entered into the logistic regression model relative to the sample size and to inspect for multicolinearity between the independent variables. With 95 subjects, we had 80% power to detect a correlation of .25 at an alpha level of .05.31 In the second phase, one potential independent variable (PEDI Caregiver Assistance score) was removed due to multicolinearity, and the independent variables that reached statistical significance in the first phase (α=.05) were then entered into a final logistic model.
To facilitate further interpretation of the predictive model of ambulation recovery, the positive and negative predictive values and the predictive utility of the model were calculated. We report the Nagelkerke R2,32 which has an approximate variance interpretation to R2 in multiple linear regression. The Nagelkerke R2 is based on log-likelihoods and is adjusted so that a value of 1.0 can be achieved.33
The overall percentage of accuracy in classification, the specificity (classification of true negatives), and the sensitivity (classification of true positives) also were determined. To help interpret the results to the specific elements of physical therapist patient/client management, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each of the significant independent variables were calculated. Finally, we organized the results into a prognosis stratification table to help display the clinical value of various patterns of predictors.
Fifty-three children (56%) met the criteria to be considered as ambulating at the time of discharge from the inpatient rehabilitation program. Results of the bivariate correlational analysis are presented in Table 2. Based on these results, we eliminated 2 of the 8 potential predictors (type of brain injury and age at time of admission) from entry into the regression solution. These variables were eliminated because they had near zero correlations with the dependent variable and were therefore not expected to contribute to the prediction model. The results of the logistic regression analysis for the predictor model are depicted in Table 3. Nagelkerke R2 for the overall prediction model was 44%, indicating that the presence of hypertonicity in the lower extremities, lower-extremity injury, and more severe injury contributed to 44% of the variance in achieving ambulation. The absence of lower-extremity hypertonicity (P<.01), low injury severity (P=.02), and the absence of lower-extremity injury (P=.01) were all predictors of ambulation capability at the time of discharge from the inpatient rehabilitation program.
The absence of lower-extremity hypertonicity was the strongest predictor of recovery of the ability to ambulate. The OR for the absence of lower-extremity hypertonicity indicates that those children who achieved ambulation at the time of discharge were 8.9 times (95% CI=2.17–36.30) more likely to have had a history of no lower-extremity hypertonicity when admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation facility. In addition, absence of lower-extremity injury (OR=5.27, 95% CI=1.65–16.82) and low injury severity (ie, loss of consciousness for less than 24 hours) (OR=4.77, 95% CI=1.27–17.88) contributed to the overall prediction solution.
Sensitivity (proportion of children who ambulated and who were predicted to do so) was 87%, but the specificity (proportion of children who did not ambulate and who were not predicted to do so) was 67%. Fourteen children were predicted to walk and did not (false positives), while 7 children were not predicted to walk and did (false negatives). Positive (77%) and negative (80%) predictive values were found to be nearly identical (Tab. 4). Table 5 provides a prognostic stratification created by probability calculations for each combination of dependent variables left in the regression model to predict ambulation.
Prediction Model
We developed a model for predicting the recovery of ambulation for children and adolescents with TBI at the time of discharge from an inpatient rehabilitation facility that includes one impairment variable (lower-extremity hypertonicity) and 2 injury-related variables (injury severity and lower-extremity injury). The absence of lower-extremity hypertonicity was by far the strongest predictor of recovery of the ability to ambulate for children admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation facility following TBI. Hypertonicity is evident in approximately 65% of children with severe brain injuries,18 and the presence of hypertonicity has previously been reported to be related to the inability to ambulate following inpatient rehabilitation for children with TBI.14 In our sample, children who achieved ambulation at the time of discharge were at least 8 times more likely to have had a history of no lower-extremity hypertonicity on admission to the inpatient rehabilitation facility. Due to the sample size, however, the 95% CIs around each OR were large. Further validation of this finding in other samples or in a larger series would provide additional confidence in the strength of this predictor.
Additional variables beyond the absence of lower-extremity hypertonicity were important to predict ambulation at the time of discharge. Injury severity, measured as whether the child was unconscious for more than 24 hours immediately after injury, was related to the prognosis of whether children could ambulate as defined. Injury severity has been shown to be a predictor for survival and morbidity. The more severe the injury, the greater the cognitive and behavioral deficits may be, thus potentially affecting ambulation ability.17
The absence of lower-extremity injury was shown in our study to be an important predictor for recovery of the ability to ambulate. In our sample, assistive devices were needed for ambulation due to lower-extremity weight-bearing restrictions, balance, and energy limitation for long-distance (>15.24 m) ambulation. Fourteen children used an assistive device such as a cane, a walker, or crutches for home ambulation at the time of discharge from the inpatient rehabilitation setting. Although they may have been able to ambulate with an assistive device and without assistance of others, children using an assistive device were not considered ambulatory for the purposes of our study. The experience at FCH has been that children with TBI are almost always independent ambulators without an assistive device before the TBI, and the intent of this prediction model was to examine the return to this level of ambulation ability.
Following the first phase of our analysis, we removed functional mobility independence (PEDI Caregiver Assistance Mobility scale score) as a potential predictor variable because of the relationship with the PEDI Functional Skills Mobility scale. Several other variables with correlations to the dependent variable of ambulation, however, were not significant in the logistic regression model. We were surprised by the lack of relationship between ambulation at the time of discharge and initial functional mobility status as measured by the PEDI. The initial correlation between ambulation and the PEDI Functional Skills Mobility scale score was .37 (P<.001). Presence of hypertonicity and PEDI scores were related (Functional Skills Mobility scale=.59, P<.001), and therefore the PEDI does not show up in the predictor model. We were also surprised that age was not a factor for children in our study. Age has been described as a predictor of recovery of cognitive, behavioral, and social functioning following TBI in children.9,17 We may have attained these findings, in part, due to the large age range of our sample and, in part, due to the inclusion of only those children older than 2 years at the time of injury, thus excluding any child who did not ambulate prior to the injury.
Accuracy of Prediction Model
Based on the values for sensitivity and specificity we found, we believe the prediction equation we generated will be more useful in identifying children who are expected to ambulate at the time of discharge than those who are not expected to ambulate at the time of discharge. Sensitivity, the proportion of children who ambulated at the time of discharge and who were predicted to ambulate, was 87%. This sensitivity value indicates that the model is very good at identifying which children are likely to ambulate because there were only 7 false negatives. Specificity, the proportion of children who did not ambulate at discharge and were not predicted to ambulate, was only 67%, with 14 false positives. We therefore predicted a greater likelihood of ambulation in 14 children, and we predicted a lesser likelihood of ambulation in 7 children. Approximately half of these children for whom we had incorrect predictions were children who ambulated using an assistive device. Although it might seem that being surprised at the recovery of ambulation would be better than providing false hope for recovery of unassisted, short-distance ambulation at the time of hospital discharge, both errors potentially misguide the use of physical therapy resources, may cause anguish or disappointment for a child and family, and may bring into question the physical therapist's plan of care with the child, family, and rehabilitation team.
The overall accuracy of the predictions made was 78%, indicating that, for approximately 1 out of every 4 children, outcomes were not correctly predicted by use of the overall model. The values for positive and negative predictive value are intended to be useful when determining probability of ambulation or nonambulation for individual clients. The nearly similar positive (77%) and negative (80%) prediction values we achieved suggest to us that the model is just as good at predicting ambulation for an individual child as it is at predicting nonambulation for an individual child. Positive and negative predictive values, however, are dependent on the prevalence of ambulation at the time of discharge in a given setting. The prevalence of ambulation at the time of discharge in our setting was 56%. In other samples, higher or lower prevalence rates may affect the positive predictive value of the prediction model.34 A formula to calculate new values for positive predictive value, based on the prevalence of unassisted ambulation for 15.24 m at the time of inpatient discharge in other settings, is available.35
The probability of ambulation for children who had no lower-extremity hypertonicity and no lower-extremity injury and who were unconscious for less than 24 hours was quite high (92%). Although the probability of recovery of ambulation for the children who had no lower-extremity hypertonicity or injury but were unconscious for greater than 24 hours was even higher at 100%, there were only 4 children with this profile and we are less confident with this profile. Probability models are intended to help physical therapists establish realistic goals with the children and families and design appropriate management plans. These models also may be a useful tool in future research for classification of children's ability to ambulate in more homogeneous groups.
Because the presence of hypertonicity was such a dominant predictor of ambulation, we believe that improvements in the prediction model may be achieved through more sensitive measures of hypertonicity. In this study, we extracted just the presence or absence of lower-extremity hypertonicity from each child's medical record. Changing the variable to the presence of bilateral or unilateral extremity hypertonicity, scores from a scale to measure abnormalities in muscle tone such as the Modified Ashworth scale,36 or documentation of hypertonicity for individual lower-extremity muscle groups could be used. In addition, we used loss of consciousness for more than 24 hours at the time of injury as a measure of injury severity, another predictive variable. More commonly, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores are used to measure injury severity37–41; however, consistent GCS scores were not available in the medical records used for our retrospective study. Lower-extremity injuries also could be further defined or classified as bilateral injuries or leg injuries versus hip and knee injuries to strengthen the predictive utility of the model.
Many of the children for whom there were false negatives (children predicted to ambulate but did not) used an assistive device for ambulation at the time of discharge. In addition, some of these children stayed in the rehabilitation facility less than the mean length of time for the remainder of the sample. These children may have been discharged when they achieved safe indoor ambulation with an assistive device, but they did not remain in the hospital long enough to attain ambulation without an assistive device. Inpatient rehabilitation length of stay was not entered into the multiple regression analysis as a predictor variable. We believe, however, that it warrants further consideration as a covariate in the models of recovery of ambulation ability following TBI in children and adolescents, as does ambulation with an assistive device.
Limited evidence is available to guide prognosis in pediatric practice. In a report on ambulation predictors for children with cerebral palsy, Montgomery42 suggested that operationally defined levels of "meaningful, functional ambulation" are needed to further understand predictive variables. In our study, we identified a predictive model for ambulation, which we believe is meaningful to the children and their families and physical therapists practicing in inpatient pediatric rehabilitation settings. We believe that the ability to predict a return to this level of ambulatory ability is a critical factor in rehabilitation because it influences decision making about the plan of care and the establishment of appropriate short-term and long-term discharge goals.
We found that 1 of the body system variables (the absence of lower-extremity hypertonicity) and 2 injury-related variables (injury severity [ie, loss of consciousness for less than 24 hours after injury] and absence of lower-extremity injury) together were predictors of recovery of the ability to ambulate. Theoretically, these predictors not only may assist with early determination of whether ambulation will be achieved by children and adolescents with TBI at the time of discharge from an inpatient rehabilitation facility but may influence the type and frequency of physical therapy intervention.
As is common for inpatient pediatric rehabilitation programs,43,44 FCH accepts children with moderate to severe TBIs and with residual functional deficits that prevent them from returning home following hospitalization in an acute care setting. We have demonstrated that more than half of the children are capable of ambulation at the time of discharge from the inpatient rehabilitation program. These results are consistent with those of previous reports about children with TBI who were discharged from inpatient rehabilitation programs.6,14 According to some authors6,7,14,35,45,46 and in our personal experience with the post-discharge follow-up clinic at FCH, children continue to demonstrate improvements in motor abilities following discharge from inpatient rehabilitation facilities.
Recommendations for Prognostic Studies
We used available retrospective data from one program in our study. The data were dichotomized and required secondary coding. This line of research could be enhanced with prospective multicenter studies in which multiple measurement tools using ordinal- or interval-level scores that are more reliable and show greater validity are used. In addition, including intervention data in predictive models could further our understanding of the role of intervention type and intensity on recovery.
We studied only those children who were older than 2 years at the time of admission to the inpatient rehabilitation facility, who did not have a complete spinal cord injury (ie, a nonreversible condition), and whose restrictions due to the presence of multiple trauma or identified impairments were such that ambulation could still be expected to occur during inpatient rehabilitation. The results of our study, though worthy of note to physical therapist practice in any setting, may have limited generalizability beyond inpatient rehabilitation.
We believe that meaningful outcome measures that could be used to examine both capability and performance, in the home and in the community rather than in a hospital setting, warrant further study. The results of our study, however, can add to discussions of how physical therapists can use predictive models and individual predictors when choosing tests and measures to determine physical therapist diagnoses and prognoses.
The absence of lower-extremity hypertonicity was the most important predictor of the recovery of ambulation ability following TBI in children and adolescents. Injury severity (loss of consciousness for less than 24 hours) and absence of lower-extremity injury also were factors in helping to predict if a child will ambulate at the time of discharge from an inpatient rehabilitation facility. Awareness of clinical predictors of recovery of ambulation ability that are gathered as part of a physical therapist's examination, we contend, can allow for a determination of ambulation prognosis and thus could enable physical therapists to establish appropriate plans of care.
Ms Dumas, Dr Haley, and Dr Ludlow provided concept/idea/research design, writing, and data analysis. Ms Dumas and Ms Carey provided data collection. Ms Dumas provided project management, fund procurement, subjects, and facilities/equipment. All authors provided consultation (including review of manuscript before submission).
This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Franciscan Children's Hospital and Rehabilitation Center.
Funding for this project was provided by a Clinical Research Grant from the Section on Pediatrics, American Physical Therapy Association.
↵* SPSS Inc, 233 S Wacker Dr, Chicago, IL 60606.
- Received May 15, 2003.
- Accepted September 30, 2003.
- Physical Therapy


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transmissive(adj.) A type of LCD screen in which the pixels are illuminated from behind the monitor��s screen (opposite of the user). Transmissive LCDs are commonly used in laptop computers because they offer high contrast and deep colors and are well-suited for indoor environments and low-light circumstances. Transmissive LCDs are at a disadvantage in very bright light, such as outdoors in full sunlight, as the screen can be hard to read.
Compare to reflective and transflective.
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The Kensa Shoebox ground source heat pump costs are very attractive compared to traditional gas boilers, especially when coupled with RHI payments.
In cases where Shoebox heat pumps have been specified with a district heating scheme such as a micro heat network in newbuild or retrofit applications, the installation will qualify for significant financial subsidy via the Government's Non Domestic Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) over 20 years.
Equally, for retrofit projects where an individual ground array is deemed more suitable for each dwelling, the emergence of the Domestic Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI), launched in the Spring of 2014, provides support.


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Mark Berry reports on Dr. Gibson's introduction and Dr. Whittemore's keynote speech, at the 11th Invest in ME International ME Conference in London.
Discuss the article on the Forums.
Anyone here with POTS who is also XMRV positive?
Discussion in 'XMRV Testing, Treatment and Transmission' started by subtr4ct, Mar 25, 2010.
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Huge blast sets homes on fire
An explosion levelled a home in Indianapolis and set four others ablaze today, causing several injuries.
Captain Rita Burris of the Indiana Fire Department said firefighters were still working to put out the flames after the explosion, which happened at around 11pm Saturday, local time.
She said there were multiple injuries but details remained sketchy and there were no fatalities reported.
She said the fire occurred in a south Indianapolis residential area and there was no immediate report on the cause, but authorities would be checking if gas was involved in the explosion, heard for miles around.
Capt Burris said firefighters would search the area once the fires were under control.
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H. Upmann Connoisseur
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Medium-bodied, all-Dominican tobaccos wrapped in a delectable, chocolate-brown vintage Connecticut leaf make for an elegant smoke. Packaged in a Cedar Chest of 25.Read more
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Medium-bodied favorite
skyhorse71 on 01/05/16
This is a true Medium body strength cigar with some complexity. It starts out with a hint of pepper the first inch that evokes into a Montecristo like caramel flavor to about halfway through.The second half takes on more Cohiba like flavors with a dusting of cocoa at the finish. An outstanding anytime Cigar .
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text:
This guy does have a point, though.Originally Posted by phahtrox
The Mario/Wario comparison seems to any non-Japanese speakers or Nintendo enthusiasts built from the M upside down to produce a W. This builds the "Wario is the opposite of Mario" idea.
However, the Waluigi/Luigi comparison is not nearly as obvious. I personally wouldn't think adding a prefix of Wa- would mean something was the evil opposite of the rest of the word ("Luigi"). Then again, I don't speak Japanese.
7uigi, I'm sure you realise, is an irrational suggestion for a name. Waluigi himself seems a tad unimportant, too. Is it really necessary to have an evil equivalent of Mario and Luigi? Couldn't they just have made a "Wario Jr." like they did with Bowser?
With Waluigi, they're stuck with a character who can do very little in terms of games, and only appears as a sidekick to Wario, who is a far better developed character.
Also, FRuMMaGe, don't flame people - it's not accepted on this forum.


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Bronzetone keyring with hammered accents, raised shield of faith, embedded cross and Eph. 6:16 reference. Embossed on reverse: Put on the full armor of God, the shield of faith. Matching tag included for gift giving.
|Format: Gift
Vendor: Dicksons
Publication Date: 2013
Availability: In Stock


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WunderPhotos Upload
Moving towards sunset, along the Chief Peguis Trail,
Uploaded by: Glaswegian
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Super Mario World
(SNES, Wii)
Super Mario World
Latest Features for Super Mario World
An Oral History of Mario
A definitive take on the Mario series in the words of gamers, journalists, and Mario's own creators.August 17, 2012 0 52
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Super Star Stories
How some Mario mainstays changed over the years.August 14, 2012 0 35
Mario's Coins: From Necessity to Pyrite, then Back Again
Once upon a time, Mario's golden coins were key to his survival.August 14, 2012 0 19
Cover Story: The Super Mario Bros. Legacy
All this week at 1UP, we do the Mario.August 13, 2012 0 53
Leaps and Bounds: The History of the Jump
How Mario's simple mechanics have defined games of every genre to the present day.August 13, 2012 0 29
Do As We Say, Not As We Toon
The misguided morality within some of your favorite Saturday morning video game cartoons.April 02, 2012 0 66
Just in Time for Halloween: The Most Ridiculous Disguises in Game History
These terrible attempts at costumed deception make Halloween into "LOL-o-ween."October 28, 2011 0 41
The Mario Brother from Another Planet
Though he started as a mere clone of his sibling, Luigi's role has grown far more complex.October 05, 2011 0 139
16-Bit Defined: 20 Years of Super Nintendo
Two decades later, we take a look back at the system that created the console cycle.August 23, 2011 0 60
1UP's Top 5 Super Nintendo Games
Find out which titles 1UP editors selected as the best of the best on the SNES.August 23, 2011 0 71
Playing With Power: The Super Nintendo's Technical Tricks
Despite the opposition?s claims of ?blast processing,? the SNES wowed in more ways than one.August 23, 2011 0 42
Games to Play Before You Die
1UP's staff names the games that define the medium. You have to play these!July 26, 2010 0 58
Super Mario Galaxy Afterthoughts
Behind the scenes with Nintendo's star.February 13, 2008 0 40
Purple Reign: 15 Years of the Super NES
The faves and fights that surrounded the 16-bit king.August 02, 2006 0 329
The Top 11 Greatest Mario Video Moments
Mario's funniest moments caught on film.July 25, 2006 0 299
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Think you know your faves inside and out?December 08, 2005 0 447
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- (360)
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- (Wii)
- The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess
- Okami
- Kingdom Hearts 3D: Dream Drop Distance
- (Nintendo 3DS)


text: 25 years after the crime he is finally put to death. The article doesn't go into the details of how he was caught and convicted but if it happened shortly after the crime then this is one reason the death penalty is not a deterrent. I believe in making sure that the right person is convicted for the crime but allowing endless appeals makes a mockery of the sentence itself.


text:
realmagick.com The shrine of knowledge.
Beta Body
A selection of articles related to beta body.
Original articles from our library related to the Beta Body. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Beta Body.
- Survivalists' Guide for the New Millennium: Chapter 6
- AS THE WORM TURNS Health and well being are part of the natural birthright of the human being. With all of its organs intact, the right diet, exercise and mental focus, a human body can overcome any disease. Even so, the effects of living in this...
Philosophy >> Survivalists Guide for the New Millennium
- A Treatise on Astral Projection, Part 3: The Rope Techniques
- A key ingredient to the new projection techniques is an invisible, imaginary ROPE hanging from your ceiling. This ROPE will be used to exert dynamic pressure at a single point on your astral body to force its separation from the physical. The ROPE technique...
Parapsychology >> Astral Projection
- Miscellaneous Astral Case Histories
- Waking Paralysis Related Case Histories: #1: Ms. E: Ms. E. I had another spontaneous, unwanted, OBE a few days ago. I was sitting in for a Maths lecture to take a nap (I don't take Mathematics) and was feeling very cold, rather hungry and miserable as I...
Parapsychology >> Astral Projection
- Dynamics & Bioenergetics Of OBE Sex
- Once the exit out-of-body has been mastered and projectors begin tentatively exploring their new environment, another natural barrier will soon raise its ugly head. As projectors begin expanding their horizons they will soon begin encountering other...
Astral Projection >> Out of Body Experiences
- A Treatise on Astral Projection
- There are certain aspects of the astral dimension and the projection process that are very complicated. Much of it is misunderstood and it can all be very confusing at times. This series of articles attempts to shed a little light on the subject, and...
Parapsychology >> Astral Projection
- The Perpetual Raising: Part 2
- (Part 2 of 5) Every cubic inch of the body constantly radiates our internal state of being to the environment. In return, each one also unceasingly receives psychic inputs, (feelings, thoughts, Intentions, the general state of consciousness of others, etc.)...
Mind >> World Mind
Beta Body is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Beta Body books and related discussion.
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- CHAPEL HILL, N.C., March 14 (UPI) -- Scientists designed a patch that delivers insulin producing beta cells when the body needs them, which may eliminate the need for diabetes patients to inject insulin or expose themselves to the risks of doing so, ...
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- The infrared sensor extracts the Amyloid beta peptide from body fluids. The method is patent pending. After initially working with cerebrospinal fluid, the researchers subsequently expanded the method towards blood analysis.
- It's Not A Weed! This Health-Boosting Plant Can't Be Found In A Grocery Store
- Kale and spinach are delightful, to be sure, but the human body, just like the human appetite, thrives best when offered a variety of foods, each working together to fill in the nutritional gaps of the other.
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- If you're a root user and would like to give it a try, f.lux has now officially opened up beta testing signups. There appears to be no limit to the number ...
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- I now know they were beta-blockers. Discussing women's problems was never the done thing either, it was always 'she's got trouble with her downstairs.' Now we know the health terms for everything.
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text:
In 15 years as boss of his father's eponymous firm, Salomon, who passed at age 100, made it a bonds powerhouse. Wall Street twisted the model into prop desks that helped seed the financial crisis. U.S. banks are now barred from such trades. What's left is more Salomon's style.
Banks gain unlikely allies in Volcker rule battle
Canada and Japan are worried the U.S. crackdown on prop trading will undermine their government bond markets. It's another example of the unintended consequences of regulation. But it's also hard to see why U.S. taxpayers should subsidize borrowing rates for foreign states.
Volcker Rule won't so quickly squelch house bets
Don't think Goldman Sachs is finished putting its own capital at risk. The Wall Street firm may be rushing to either restructure or spin off its private equity and proprietary trading units to comply with the newly enacted Volcker Rule. But the directive remains vague and leaves ample room for Goldman and its Wall Street rivals to bet with plenty of the house's money.
Columnists & Contributors
- Andy Critchlow
- Antony Currie
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- Edward Chancellor
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- Fiona Maharg-Bravo
- George Hay
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- Rob Cox
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- Robyn Mak
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- Una Galani


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All of the staff, from the front desk to the nurses to the doctors, not only took care of my Lex, but they also took care of me - and for that I am grateful!
Mechanicsburg, PA
We know that when your pet is sick, you are experiencing emotions that range from fear to sadness. At Hope Veterinary Specialists, we understand how you are feeling and always strive to do our best to put—and keep—you at ease.
We put the information in this section together just for you. Based on actual client questions, survey results, and our daily interactions, this is more than FAQs—it's confidence, comfort, and some much needed peace of mind for this difficult time.
Of course, we're here for you and your pets. If you have questions or concerns we don't cover, please let us know; we're happy to be of service.


text:
to catch a falling knife. Seems attractively priced given the last earnings report. What am I missing? I've heard sell the news, but ouch 12% in 5 days? I've got a buy order in at a dime above today's low. If it hits, it hits.
I think selling is done..This is just my opinion based on the movement against the overall market
Excellent call. Thanks!


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