text:
Most Cited Contraception Articles
The most cited articles published since 2011, extracted from Scopus.
Unintended pregnancy in the United States: Incidence and disparities, 2006Lawrence B. Finer | Mia R. Zolna
Volume 84, Issue 5, November 2011, Pages 478-485
Background: The incidence of unintended pregnancy is among the most essential health status indicators in the field of reproductive health. One ongoing goal of the US Department of Health and Human Services is to reduce unintended pregnancy, but the national rate has not been estimated since 2001. Study Design: We combined data on women's pregnancy intentions from the 2006-2008 and 2002 National Survey of Family Growth with a 2008 national survey of abortion patients and data on births from the National Center for Health Statistics, induced abortions from a national abortion provider census, miscarriages estimated from the National Survey of Family Growth and population data from the US Census Bureau. Results: Nearly half (49%) of pregnancies were unintended in 2006, up slightly from 2001 (48%). The unintended pregnancy rate increased to 52 per 1000 women aged 15-44 years in 2006 from 50 in 2001. Disparities in unintended pregnancy rates among subgroups persisted and in some cases increased, and women who were 18-24 years old, poor or cohabiting had rates two to three times the national rate. The unintended pregnancy rate declined notably for teens 15-17 years old. The proportion of unintended pregnancies ending in abortion decreased from 47% in 2001 to 43% in 2006, and the unintended birth rate increased from 23 to 25 per 1000 women 15-44 years old. Conclusions: Since 2001, the United States has not made progress in reducing unintended pregnancy. Rates increased for nearly all groups and remain high overall. Efforts to help women and couples plan their pregnancies, such as increasing access to effective contraceptives, should focus on groups at greatest risk for unintended pregnancy, particularly poor and cohabiting women. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Contraceptive failure in the United StatesJames Trussell
Volume 83, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 397-404
This review provides an update of previous estimates of first-year probabilities of contraceptive failure for all methods of contraception available in the United States. Estimates are provided of probabilities of failure during typical use (which includes both incorrect and inconsistent use) and during perfect use (correct and consistent use). The difference between these two probabilities reveals the consequences of imperfect use; it depends both on how unforgiving of imperfect use a method is and on how hard it is to use that method perfectly. These revisions reflect new research on contraceptive failure both during perfect use and during typical use. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Can we identify women at risk of pregnancy despite using emergency contraception? Data from randomized trials of ulipristal acetate and levonorgestrelAnna Glasier | Sharon T. Cameron | Diana Blithe | Bruno Scherrer | Henri Mathe | Delphine Levy | Erin Gainer | Andre Ulmann
Volume 84, Issue 4, October 2011, Pages 363-367
Background: Emergency contraception (EC) does not always work. Clinicians should be aware of potential risk factors for EC failure. Study Design: Data from a meta-analysis of two randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy of ulipristal acetate (UPA) with levonorgestrel were analyzed to identify factors associated with EC failure. Results: The risk of pregnancy was more than threefold greater for obese women compared with women with normal body mass index (odds ratio (OR), 3.60; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.96-6.53; p<.0001), whichever EC was taken. However, for obese women, the risk was greater for those taking levonorgestrel (OR, 4.41; 95% CI, 2.05-9.44, p=.0002) than for UPA users (OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 0.89-7.00; ns). For both ECs, pregnancy risk was related to the cycle day of intercourse. Women who had intercourse the day before estimated day of ovulation had a fourfold increased risk of pregnancy (OR, 4.42; 95% CI, 2.33-8.20; p<.0001) compared with women having sex outside the fertile window. For both methods, women who had unprotected intercourse after using EC were more likely to get pregnant than those who did not (OR, 4.64; 95% CI, 2.22-8.96; p=.0002). Conclusions: Women who have intercourse around ovulation should ideally be offered a copper intrauterine device. Women with body mass index >25 kg/m 2 should be offered an intrauterine device or UPA. All women should be advised to start effective contraception immediately after EC. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
Acceptance of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods by adolescent participants in the Contraceptive CHOICE ProjectRenee Mestad | Gina Secura | Jenifer E. Allsworth | Tessa Madden | Qiuhong Zhao | Jeffrey F. Peipert
Volume 84, Issue 5, November 2011, Pages 493-498
Background: Adolescent women have a high risk of unintended pregnancy. Currently, there are little data about their choice to initiate long-acting reversible contraception (LARC). Study Design: We evaluated the association of age and preference for a LARC vs. a non-LARC method among adolescent participants in the Contraceptive CHOICE Project, comparing those aged 14-17 years to adolescents aged 18-20 years. We then analyzed the association between age and choice of the implant vs. the intrauterine device (IUD) among adolescents. Results: Of the 5086 women enrolled, 70% (n=3557) of participants chose a LARC method. Among adolescents aged 14-20 years, 69% of 14-17-year-olds chose LARC, while 61% of 18-20-year-olds chose LARC (relative risk 1.16, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.30). Among adolescents choosing a LARC method, 63% (n=93/148) of the 14-17-year-olds chose the implant, whereas 71% (n=364/510) of the 18-20-year-olds chose the IUD. Conclusion: Long-acting reversible contraception use is clearly acceptable and common among adolescents enrolled in the Contraceptive CHOICE Project, with the younger group being most interested in the implant. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Burden of unintended pregnancy in the United States: Potential savings with increased use of long-Acting reversible contraceptionJames Trussell | Nathaniel Henry | Fareen Hassan | Alexander Prezioso | Amy Law | Anna Filonenko
Volume 87, Issue 2, February 2013, Pages 154-161
Background: This study evaluated the total costs of unintended pregnancy (UP) in the United States (US) from a third-party health care payer perspective and explored the potential role for long-Acting reversible contraception (LARC) in reducing UP and resulting health care expenditure. Study Design: An economic model was constructed to estimate direct costs of UP as well as the proportion of UP costs that could be attributed to imperfect contraceptive adherence. The model considered all women requiring reversible contraception in the US: the pattern of contraceptive use and the rates of UP were derived from published sources. The costs of UP in the United States and the proportion of total cost that might be avoided by improved adherence through increased use of LARC were estimated. Results: Annual medical costs of UP in the United States were estimated to be $4.6 billion, and 53% of these were attributed to imperfect contraceptive adherence. If 10% of women aged 20-29 years switched from oral contraception to LARC, total costs would be reduced by $288 million per year. Conclusions: Imperfect contraceptive adherence leads to substantial UP and high, avoidable costs. Improved uptake of LARC may generate health care cost savings by reducing contraceptive non-Adherence. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system compared to low dose combined oral contraceptive pills for idiopathic menorrhagia: A randomized clinical trialMamdouh M. Shabaan | Mahmoud S. Zakherah | Sherif A. El-Nashar | Gamal H. Sayed
Volume 83, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 48-54
Background: This study compared the efficacy of the levonorgestrel- releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) to low dose combined oral contraceptive pills (COC) in the management of idiopathic menorrhagia. Study Design: A single-center, open, randomized clinical trial. One hundred twelve women complaining of excessive menstruation who desired contraception were randomized to receive LNG-IUS or COC. Treatment failure was defined as the need for medical or surgical treatment during the follow-up. Other outcomes included: menstrual blood loss (MBL) by alkaline hematin and by pictorial blood assessment chart (PBLAC), hemoglobin levels and assessment of lost days in which physical or mental health prevented participating women from performing usual activities. Results: At baseline, LNG-IUS (n=56) and COC (n=56) groups were comparable in age (mean±S.D.) (39.3±6.7 vs. 38.7±5.2 years, p=.637), parity (median and range) [3(1-6.4) vs.3(2-6), p=.802] and BMI (mean±S.D.) (29.6±5.9 vs. 31.1±5.7 kg/m2, p=.175). Time to treatment failure was longer in LNG compared to COC group with a total of 6 (11%) patients who had treatment failure in the LNG-IUS compared to 18 (32%) in COC group with a hazard ratio of 0.30 (95% CI, 0.15-0.73, p=.007). Using alkaline hematin, the reduction in MBL (mean±S.D.) was significantly more in the LNG-IUS group (87.4±11.3%) compared to the COC group (34.9±76.9%) (p=.013). Utilizing PBLAC scores, the reduction in the LNG-IUS (86.6±17.0%) group was significantly more compared to the COC group (2.5±93.2%) (p<.001). In the LNG-IUS group, increase in the hemoglobin and ferritin levels (mean±S.D.) were noted (from 10.2±1.3 to 11.4±1.0 g/dL; p<.001; with reduction of the number of lost days (from 6.8±2.6 to 1.6±2.4 days, p=.003). Conclusion: The LNG-IUS is a more effective therapy for idiopathic menorrhagia compared to COC. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
A family planning clinic partner violence intervention to reduce risk associated with reproductive coercionElizabeth Miller | Michele R. Decker | Heather L. McCauley | Daniel J. Tancredi | Rebecca R. Levenson | Jeffrey Waldman | Phyllis Schoenwald | Jay G. Silverman
Volume 83, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 274-280
Background: This study examined the efficacy of a family-planning-clinic- based intervention to address intimate partner violence (IPV) and reproductive coercion. Study Design: Four free-standing urban family planning clinics in Northern California were randomized to intervention (trained family planning counselors) or standard of care. English-speaking and Spanish-speaking females ages 16-29 years (N=906) completed audio computer-assisted surveys prior to a clinic visit and 12-24 weeks later (75% retention rate). Analyses included assessment of intervention effects on recent IPV, awareness of IPV services and reproductive coercion. Results: Among women reporting past-3-months IPV at baseline, there was a 71% reduction in the odds of pregnancy coercion among participants in intervention clinics compared to participants in the control clinics that provided standard of care. Women in the intervention arm were more likely to report ending a relationship because the relationship was unhealthy or because they felt unsafe regardless of IPV status (adjusted odds ratio=1.63; 95% confidence interval=1.01-2.63). Conclusions: Results of this pilot study suggest that this intervention may reduce the risk for reproductive coercion from abusive male partners among family planning clients and support such women to leave unsafe relationships. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Recent combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) and the risk of thromboembolism and other cardiovascular events in new usersStephen Sidney | T. Craig Cheetham | Frederick A. Connell | Rita Ouellet-Hellstrom | David J. Graham | Daniel Davis | Michael Sorel | Charles P. Quesenberry | William O. Cooper
Volume 87, Issue 1, January 2013, Pages 93-100
Background: Combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) place women at increased risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) and arterial thrombotic events (ATEs), including acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. There is concern that three recent CHC preparations [drospirenone-containing pills (DRSPs), the norelgestromin-containing transdermal patch (NGMN) and the etonogestrel vaginal ring (ETON)] may place women at even higher risk of thrombosis than other older low-dose CHCs with a known safety profile. Study Design: All VTEs and all hospitalized ATEs were identified in women, ages 10-55 years, from two integrated health care programs and two state Medicaid programs during the time period covering their new use of DRSP, NGMN, ETON or one of four low-dose estrogen comparator CHCs. The relative risk of thrombotic and thromboembolic outcomes associated with the newer CHCs in relation to the comparators was assessed with Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusting for age, site and year of entry into the study. Results: The hazards ratio for DRSP in relation to low-dose estrogen comparators among new users was 1.77 (95% confidence interval 1.33-2.35) for VTE and 2.01 (1.06-3.81) for ATE. The increased risk of DRSP was limited to the 10-34-year age group for VTE and the 35-55-year group for ATE. Use of the NGMN patch and ETON vaginal ring was not associated with increased risk of either thromboembolic or thrombotic outcomes. Conclusions: In new users, DRSP was associated with higher risk of thrombotic events (VTE and ATE) relative to low-dose estrogen comparator CHCs, while the use of the NGMN patch and ETON vaginal ring was not. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
First-trimester medical abortion with mifepristone 200 mg and misoprostol: A systematic reviewElizabeth G. Raymond | Caitlin Shannon | Mark A. Weaver | Beverly Winikoff
Volume 87, Issue 1, January 2013, Pages 26-37
Background: The dose of mifepristone approved by most government agencies for medical abortion is 600 mg. Our aim was to summarize extant data on the effectiveness and safety of regimens using the widely recommended lower mifepristone dose, 200 mg, followed by misoprostol in early pregnancy and to explore potential correlates of abortion failure. Study Design: To identify eligible reports, we searched Medline, reviewed reference lists of published reports, and contacted experts to identify all prospective trials of any design of medical abortion using 200 mg mifepristone followed by misoprostol in women with viable pregnancies up to 63 days' gestation. Two authors independently extracted data from each study. We used logistic regression models to explore associations between 15 characteristics of the trial groups and, separately, the rates of medical abortion failure and of ongoing pregnancy. Results: We identified 87 trials that collectively included 120 groups of women treated with a regimen of interest. Of the 47,283 treated subjects in these groups, abortion outcome data were reported for 45,528 (96%). Treatment failure occurred in 2,192 (4.8%) of these evaluable subjects. Ongoing pregnancy was reported in 1.1% (499/45,150) of the evaluable subjects in the 117 trial groups reporting this outcome. The risk of medical abortion failure was higher among trial groups in which at least 25% of subjects had gestational age > 8 weeks, the specified interval between mifepristone and misoprostol was less than 24 h, the total misoprostol dose was 400 mcg (rather than higher), or the misoprostol was administered by the oral route (rather than by vaginal, buccal, or sublingual routes). Across all trials, 119 evaluable subjects (0.3%) were hospitalized, and 45 (0.1%) received blood transfusions. Conclusions: Early medical abortion with mifepristone 200 mg followed by misoprostol is highly effective and safe. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Contraceptive policies affect post-abortion provision of long-acting reversible contraceptionKirsten M J Thompson | J. Joseph Speidel | Vicki Saporta | Norma Jo Waxman | Cynthia C. Harper
Volume 83, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 41-47
Background: Placement of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC) - intrauterine devices (IUDs) and the implant - directly after an abortion provides immediate contraceptive protection and has been proven safe. Study Design: We conducted a survey of National Abortion Federation member facilities (n=326; response rate 75%) to assess post-abortion contraceptive practices. Using multivariable logistic regression, we measured variations in provision of long-acting contraception by clinic factors and state contraceptive laws and policies. Results: The majority (69%) of providers surveyed offered long-acting methods, but fewer offered immediate post-abortion placement of intrauterine devices (36%) or implants (17%). Most patients were provided with contraception; 6.6% chose LARC methods offering the highest level of protection. Post-abortion provision of these methods was lower in stand-alone abortion clinics (p≤.001), but higher with recent clinician training (p≤.001) and in the absence of clinic flow barriers (p≤.001). State policies had a significant impact on how women paid for contraception and the likelihood of LARC use. Patient use was higher in states with contraceptive coverage mandates (p≤.01) or Medicaid family planning expansion programs (p≤.05). Conclusions: Use of the most effective contraceptives immediately post-abortion is rare in the United States. State policies, high cost to patients, and the ongoing need for clinician training in the methods hinder provision and patient uptake. Contraceptive policies are an important component of abortion patient access to the most effective methods. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The use of hormonal contraception among women taking anticonvulsant therapyMary E. Gaffield | Kelly R. Culwell | C. Rhoda Lee
Volume 83, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 16-29
Background: Drug interactions between hormonal contraceptives and anticonvulsants, resulting in reduced contraceptive effectiveness and/or increased seizure activity, have been published. Study design: We conducted a systematic review, searching PUBMED and The Cochrane Library for articles in any language on use of hormonal contraceptive methods among women taking anticonvulsant therapy from 1966 through 3 May 2010. Forty-three articles were identified and evaluated. Results: Evidence suggests drug interactions occur when combined oral contraceptives (COCs), the levonorgestrel implant (Norplant), or the etonogestrel implant (Implanon) are used concomitantly with carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, topiramate or lamotrigine. Significant drug interactions were not observed during sodium valproate intake and COC use nor among women using progestogen-only contraceptives and taking lamotrigine. Conclusions: To avoid contraceptive failure or increased seizure activity, women with epilepsy should be offered contraceptive methods that do not interact with anticonvulsant medication.
Nonspecific side effects of oral contraceptives: Nocebo or noise?David A. Grimes | Kenneth F. Schulz
Volume 83, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 5-9
Side effects of combined oral contraceptives are the most common reason why women discontinue them. Over the past half century, an elaborate mythology about these ill effects has evolved, fueled by rumor, gossip and poor-quality research. In contrast, placebo-controlled randomized trials document that nonspecific side effects are not significantly more common with combined oral contraceptives than with inert pills. These reported nonspecific side effects may reflect the nocebo phenomenon (the inverse of a placebo): if women are told to expect noxious side effects, these complaints occur because of the power of suggestion. Alternatively, nonspecific complaints may simply reflect their background prevalence in the population. Because Level I evidence documents no important increase in nonspecific side effects with oral contraceptives, counseling about these side effects or including them in package labeling is unwarranted and probably unethical. When in doubt, clinicians should err on the side of optimism. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Ulipristal acetate prevents ovulation more effectively than levonorgestrel: Analysis of pooled data from three randomized trials of emergency contraception regimensVivian Brache | Leila Cochon | Maëva Deniaud | Horacio B. Croxatto
Volume 88, Issue 5, November 2013, Pages 611-618
Background The days just prior to ovulation are the most crucial for emergency contraception (EC) efficacy. Ulipristal acetate (UPA) and levonorgestrel's (LNG) capacity to inhibit follicular rupture have never been compared directly at this time of the cycle. Study Design Raw data from three pharmacodynamics studies with similar methodology were pooled to allow direct comparison of UPA, LNG and LNG+meloxicam's ability to prevent ovulation when administered orally in the advanced follicular phase, with a leading follicle of ≥18 mm. Results Forty eight LNG-treated (1.5 mg) cycles, 31 LNG (1.5 mg) + meloxicam (15 mg), 34 UPA (30 mg) cycles and 50 placebo cycles were compared. Follicle rupture was delayed for at least 5 days in 14.6%, 38.7%, 58.8% and 4% of the LNG-, LNG+meloxicam-, UPA- and placebo-treated cycles, respectively. UPA was more effective than LNG and placebo in inhibiting follicular rupture (p=.0001), while LNG, when administered at this time of the cycle, was not different than placebo. The addition of meloxicam improved the efficacy of LNG in preventing follicular rupture (p=.0292 vs. LNG; p=.0001 vs. placebo; non-significant vs. UPA). UPA was effective in preventing rupture in the 5 days following treatment, even when administered at the time of the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge (UPA 79%, LNG 14% and placebo 10%). None of the treatments were effective when administered on the day of the LH peak. The median time from treatment to rupture was 6 days during the ulipristal cycles and 2 days in the placebo and LNG/LNG+meloxicam cycles (p=.0015). Conclusion Although no EC treatment is 100% effective in inhibiting follicular rupture when administered in the late follicular phase, UPA is the most effective treatment, delaying ovulation for at least 5 days in 59% of the cycles. LNG is not different from placebo in inhibiting follicular rupture at this advanced phase of the cycle. No treatment was effective in postponing rupture when administered on the day of LH peak. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Contraception technology: Past, present and futureRegine Sitruk-Ware | Anita Nath | Daniel R. Mishell
Volume 87, Issue 3, March 2013, Pages 319-330
Steady progress in contraception research has been achieved over the past 50 years. Hormonal and nonhormonal modern contraceptives have improved women's lives by reducing different health conditions that contributed to considerable morbidity. However, the contraceptives available today are not suitable to all users, and the need to expand contraceptive choices still exists. Novel products such as new implants, contraceptive vaginal rings, transdermal patches and newer combinations of oral contraceptives have recently been introduced in family planning programs, and hormonal contraception is widely used for spacing and limiting births. Concerns over the adverse effects of hormonal contraceptives have led to research and development of new combinations with improved metabolic profile. Recent developments include use of natural compounds such as estradiol and estradiol valerate with the hope to decrease thrombotic risk, in combination with newer progestins derived from the progesterone structure or from spirolactone, in order to avoid the androgenic effects. Progesterone antagonists and progesterone receptor modulators are highly effective in blocking ovulation and preventing follicular rupture and are undergoing investigations in the form of oral pills and in semi-long-acting delivery systems. Future developments also include the combination of a contraceptive with an antiretroviral agent for dual contraception and protection against sexually transmitted diseases, to be used before intercourse or on demand, as well as for continuous use in dual-protection rings. Although clinical trials of male contraception have reflected promising results, limited involvement of industry in that area of research has decreased the likelihood of having a male method available in the current decade. Development of nonhormonal methods is still at an early stage of research, with the identification of specific targets within the reproductive system in ovaries and testes, as well as interactions between spermatozoa and ova. It is hoped that the introduction of new methods with additional health benefits would help women and couples with unmet needs to obtain access to a wider range of contraceptives with improved acceptability. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Serum anti-müllerian hormone level is not altered in women using hormonal contraceptivesHang Wun Raymond Li | Ching Yin Grace Wong | William Shu Biu Yeung | Pak Chung Ho | Ernest Hung Yu Ng
Volume 83, Issue 6, June 2011, Pages 582-585
Background: Anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) is secreted from granulosa cells of antral follicles into the circulation of adult women and hence could serve as an ovarian function test. This would be of value to hormonal contraceptive users if its serum level is unaffected by the use of hormonal contraceptives. Study Design: We prospectively recruited 95 women using combined oral contraceptive (n=23), combined injectable contraceptive (n=23), progestogen-only pills (n=9), progestogen-only injectable (n=20) and levonorgestrel intrauterine system (n=20), and measured their serum AMH concentration before and 3-4 months after treatment. Results: No significant difference in pre- and post-treatment serum AMH level was evident in all the treatment groups studied. Conclusions: Being unaffected by hormonal contraceptives, serum AMH measurement is potentially a useful clinical test in hormonal contraceptive users for the differential diagnosis of anovulatory disorders and determination of menopause. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Effects of prophylactic misoprostol administration prior to intrauterine device insertion in nulliparous womenAlison B. Edelman | Elizabeth Schaefer | Amanda Olson | Laura Van Houten | Paula Bednarek | Catherine Leclair | Jeffrey T. Jensen
Volume 84, Issue 3, September 2011, Pages 234-239
Background: This study was conducted to examine the effects of prophylactic misoprostol prior to intrauterine device (IUD) placement in nulliparous women. Study Design: Nulliparous, reproductive-aged women desiring an IUD for contraception were randomized to receive 400 mcg of buccal misoprostol or placebo 90 min prior to IUD insertion. Subjects completed a series of 100-mm visual analogue scales (VAS, anchors: 0=none, 100 mm=worst imaginable) to measure their perceived pain at several times points (anticipated pain, leg positioning, speculum placement, tenaculum placement, IUD insertion, equipment removal and 5 min postinsertion). Secondary outcomes included provider "ease of placement" (100-mm VAS, anchors: 0=easy, 100 mm=extremely difficult), side effects and retention of the IUD after 1 month (self-report or clinic visit). The study had 80% power (α=0.05, one-sided) to detect a reduction with treatment of 20 mm in VAS scores with a combined sample size of 34. Results: A total of 40 subjects were randomized to receive either misoprostol or placebo, and 35 completed the study. Five subjects withdrew (four prior to receiving study medication and one declined IUD). Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. There were no significant differences in patient-reported pain with IUD placement [misoprostol 65 mm (SD 21), placebo 55 mm (SD 21), p=.83] or at any other time point. Moreover, the misoprostol group reported significantly more preinsertion nausea (29% vs. 5%, p=.05) and cramping (47% vs. 16%, p=.04) than the placebo group. While provider-reported ease of insertion was not significantly different between groups, three placebo patients required additional dilation vs. none in the misoprostol group. All 35 subjects underwent follow-up at least 1 month postinsertion, and no expulsions were reported. Conclusion: Prophylactic misoprostol prior to IUD placement in nulliparous women did not reduce patient perceived pain, but it did appear to increase preinsertion side effects. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
Hormonal contraceptive methods and risk of HIV acquisition in women: A systematic review of epidemiological evidenceChelsea B. Polis | Sharon J. Phillips | Kathryn M. Curtis | Daniel J. Westreich | Petrus S. Steyn | Elizabeth Raymond | Philip Hannaford | Abigail Norris Turner
Volume 90, Issue 4, January 2014, Pages 360-390
Whether use of various types of hormonal contraception (HC) affect risk of HIV acquisition is a critical question for women's health. For this systematic review, we identified 22 studies published by January 15, 2014 which met inclusion criteria; we classified thirteen studies as having severe methodological limitations, and nine studies as "informative but with important limitations". Overall, data do not support an association between use of oral contraceptives and increased risk of HIV acquisition. Uncertainty persists regarding whether an association exists between depot- medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use and risk of HIV acquisition. Most studies suggested no significantly increased HIV risk with norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN) use, but when assessed in the same study, point estimates for NET-EN tended to be larger than for DMPA, though 95% confidence intervals overlapped substantially. No data have suggested significantly increased risk of HIV acquisition with use of implants, though data were limited. No data are available on the relationship between use of contraceptive patches, rings, or hormonal intrauterine devices and risk of HIV acquisition. Women choosing progestin-only injectable contraceptives such as DMPA or NET-EN should be informed of the current uncertainty regarding whether use of these methods increases risk of HIV acquisition, and like all women at risk of HIV, should be empowered to access and use condoms and other HIV preventative measures. Programs, practitioners, and women urgently need guidance on how to maximize health with respect to avoiding both unintended pregnancy and HIV given inconclusive or limited data for certain HC methods. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Structured contraceptive counseling provided by the contraceptive CHOICE projectTessa Madden | Jennifer L. Mullersman | Karen J. Omvig | Gina M. Secura | Jeffrey F. Peipert
Volume 88, Issue 2, August 2013, Pages 243-249
Background: We describe the contraceptive counseling provided by the Contraceptive CHOICE Project (CHOICE) and compare contraceptive methods selected between the university research site and community partner clinics. Study Design: We developed a structured, contraceptive counseling program. All CHOICE participants enrolling at our university research site underwent the counseling, which was evidence-based and included information about all reversible contraception. Participants enrolling at partner clinics underwent "usual" counseling. We trained 54 research team members to provide contraceptive counseling; the majority had no formal health care training. We compared the contraceptive methods chosen by participants enrolling at our university research site to participants enrolling at partner clinics who did not undergo structured contraceptive counseling. Results: There were 6,530 (86%) women who enrolled into CHOICE at our university site and 1,107 (14%) women who enrolled at partner clinics. Uptake of long-acting reversible contraception was high at both the university site and partner clinics (72% and 78%, respectively, p<.0001). However, uptake of the intrauterine device was higher at the university site (58% compared to 43%, p<.0001) and uptake of the subdermal implant was higher at partner clinics (35% versus 14%, p<.0001). After adjusting for confounders, we found no difference in the uptake of long-acting reversible contraception between women counseled at the university site compared to partner clinics (adjusted relative risk=0.98, 95% confidence interval [0.94, 1.02]). Conclusion: Structured contraceptive counseling can be effectively provided in a clinical research setting by staff without prior health care experience or clinical training. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Alternatives to ultrasound for follow-up after medication abortion: A systematic reviewDaniel Grossman | Kate Grindlay
Volume 83, Issue 6, June 2011, Pages 504-510
Background: Requiring a follow-up visit with ultrasound evaluation to confirm completion after medication abortion can be a barrier to providing the service. Study Design: The PubMed (including MEDLINE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and POPLINE databases were systematically searched in October and November 2009 for studies related to alternative follow-up modalities after first-trimester medication abortion to diagnose ongoing pregnancy or retained gestational sac. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value compared with ultrasound or clinician's exam. We also calculated the proportion of cases in each study with a positive screening test. Results: Our search identified eight articles. The most promising modalities included serum human chorionic gonadotropin measurements, standardized assessment of women's symptoms combined with low-sensitivity urine pregnancy testing and telephone consultation. These follow-up modalities had sensitivities ≥90%, negative predictive values ≥99% and proportions of "screen-positives" ≤33%. Conclusions: Alternatives to routine in-person follow-up visits after medication abortion are accurate at diagnosing ongoing pregnancy. Additional research is needed to demonstrate the accuracy, acceptability and feasibility of alternative follow-up modalities in practice, particularly of home-based urine testing combined with self-assessment and/or clinician-assisted assessment. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Ease of insertion and clinical performance of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in nulligravidasM. Valeria Bahamondes | M. Margarete Hidalgo | Luis Bahamondes | Ilza Monteiro
Volume 84, Issue 5, November 2011, Page
Background: Despite the high contraceptive efficacy and the additional noncontraceptive benefits of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS), concerns persist with respect to its use in nulligravidas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ease of insertion and clinical performance of the LNG-IUS in nulligravida women up to 1 year after insertion. Methods: Two cohorts were formed after LNG-IUS insertion, one consisting of 159 nulligravidas and the other of 477 parous women. Each nulligravida women was paired with three parous women who had an LNG-IUS inserted on the same day. Insertion was classified as easy or difficult, and when classified as difficult, the use of Hegar dilators and/or misoprostol and insertion failure were additional factors recorded. Results: In almost 80% of cases, no difficulty was encountered during insertion, and dilators and misoprostol were seldom required; however, when necessary, dilator use was almost threefold higher in nulligravida women. Insertion failed in one nulligravida women and in two parous women. Contraception was the most common reason for insertion, although some of the women received the LNG-IUS for both contraceptive and therapeutic purposes, including heavy menstrual bleeding, hematologic diseases, warfarin use, endometriosis-associated pain and following kidney or liver transplantation. The clinical performance of the device showed zero pregnancy rate, expulsion rates of ∼4/100 women-year and 1-year continuation rate of over 90% in both groups. Conclusions: The LNG-IUS is suitable for use by nulligravidas. It is simple to insert, and its clinical performance in nulligravidas is similar to that found in parous women. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Hormonal contraception and bone metabolism: A systematic reviewCarmine Nappi | Giuseppe Bifulco | Giovanni A. Tommaselli | Virginia Gargano | Costantino Di Carlo
Volume 86, Issue 6, December 2012, Pages 606-621
Background: Although a large amount of studies in the literature evaluated the effects of hormonal contraception on bone, many questions remained still unclear, such as the effect of these therapies on fracture risk. Study Design: We performed a systematic search of the published studies from January 1975 through January 2012 on the effects of hormonal contraceptives on bone metabolism. We analyzed the overall effect on bone mineral density (BMD) and on fracture risk of combined oral contraceptives (COCs), progestogen-only contraceptives, transdermal contraceptives and vaginal ring. Results: COC therapy does not seem to exert any significant effect on BMD in the general population. In adolescents, the effects of COCs on BMD seem to be mainly determined by estrogen dose. The use of COCs in perimenopausal women seems to reduce bone demineralization and may significantly increase BMD even at a 20-mcg dose. Use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate is associated with a decrease in BMD, although this decrease seems to be partially reversible after discontinuation. Data on other progestogen-only contraceptives, transdermal patch and vaginal ring are still limited, although it seems that these contraceptive methods do not exert any influence on BMD. Conclusions: Hormonal contraceptives do not seem to exert any significant effect on bone in the general population. However, other randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the effects on fracture risk since the data available are derived from studies having the effects on BMD as the primary end point, and BMD may not accurately reflect the real fracture risk. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.
Emergency contraception - Mechanisms of actionKristina Gemzell-Danielsson | Cecilia Berger | P. G L Lalitkumar
Volume 87, Issue 3, March 2013, Pages 300-308
Concerns regarding the mechanisms of action of emergency contraception (EC) create major barriers to widespread use and could also lead to incorrect use of EC and overestimation of its effectiveness. While the copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) is the most effective method available for EC, the hormonal methods are frequently considered to be more convenient and acceptable. Today, the most commonly used method for hormonal EC is levonorgestrel (LNG). More recently, the progesterone receptor modulator ulipristal acetate (UPA) has been shown to be more effective than LNG to prevent an unwanted pregnancy. The main mechanism of action of both LNG and UPA for EC is delaying or inhibiting ovulation. However, UPA appears to have a direct inhibitory effect on follicular rupture which allows it to be effective even when administered shortly before ovulation, a time period when use of LNG is no longer effective. The main mechanism of action of the Cu-IUD is to prevent fertilization through the effect of Cu ions on sperm function. In addition, if fertilization has already occurred, Cu ions influence the female reproductive tract and prevent endometrial receptivity. Based on this review of the published literature, it can be concluded that existing methods used today for EC act mainly through inhibition of ovulation or prevention of fertilization. An additional effect on the endometrium as occurs for the Cu-IUD, but not for the hormonal alternatives, seems to increase the efficacy of the method. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Effect on pregnancy rates of the delay in the administration of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: A combined analysis of four WHO trialsGilda Piaggio | Nathalie Kapp | Helena Von Hertzen
Volume 84, Issue 1, July 2011, Pages 35-39
Background: Levonorgestrel is an effective method for emergency contraception (EC) and is used worldwide. Consistent with its mechanism of action in delaying ovulation, the earlier it is administered within 72 h of an unprotected act of intercourse, the more effective it is. There is uncertainty, however, about its effectiveness after 72 h. This analysis explores the effect of 24-h intervals of delay in levonorgestrel administration on pregnancy rates when used until 120 h of an unprotected act of intercourse. Study Design: Data were analyzed from 6794 women participating in four World Health Organization randomized trials and receiving 1.5 mg of levonorgestrel for EC in a single dose or split into two doses 12 h apart, within 48, 72 or 120 h of an act of unprotected intercourse. The pregnancy rates among women in successive days after an unprotected act of intercourse and odds ratios of pregnancy were calculated using logistic regression with the first day as the reference. Results: For the four trials combined, odds ratios for pregnancy in the second, third and fourth day with respect to the first day were not significantly different from 1 at the 5% level of significance. On the fifth day, the odds ratio of pregnancy compared to the first day was almost 6. Conclusions: Levonorgestrel for EC should be administered as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse. Delaying levonorgestrel administration until the fifth day after unprotected intercourse increases the risk of pregnancy over five times compared with administration within 24 h. It is uncertain whether levonorgestrel administration on the fifth day still offers some protection against unwanted pregnancy. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Pregnancies after hysteroscopic sterilization: A systematic reviewTara P. Cleary | Naomi K. Tepper | Carrie Cwiak | Maura K. Whiteman | Denise J. Jamieson | Polly A. Marchbanks | Kathryn M. Curtis
Volume 87, Issue 5, May 2013, Pages 539-548
Background: Female sterilization is the second most commonly used form of contraception in the United States. Newer approaches to female sterilization, including hysteroscopic methods, have been approved for use in the United States since 2002. Little is known about the occurrence and timing of pregnancies after these procedures. Study Design: The objective of this systematic review was to identify evidence that assesses when and how often pregnancies occur following hysteroscopic sterilization. The PubMed database was searched for all studies published from database inception through March 2012 that reported whether or not pregnancies occurred following hysteroscopic sterilization. Results: Twenty-four original research articles of fair quality met the inclusion criteria: 22 studies of women who underwent Essure® placement and 2 studies of women who underwent Adiana® placement. Eleven articles that documented bilateral tubal occlusion with hysterosalpingogram (HSG) or placement with X-ray or ultrasound following Essure® placement did not report any pregnancies with follow-up ranging from 7 months to 7 years. The remaining 11 articles identified 102 reported pregnancies. Eighteen of these pregnancies occurred prior to the 3-month period required before imaging for contraceptive reliability. Two articles did not report what follow-up imaging was performed among women after Essure® placement; one of these articles reported three pregnancies. Two reports from the same study of women who underwent Adiana® placement reported six pregnancies during the first year of follow-up, three pregnancies during the second year of follow-up and no pregnancies during the third year of follow-up. Conclusions: Fair-quality evidence suggests that among women who were followed beyond 3 months after hysteroscopic sterilization, pregnancies were rare and generally occurred among women who had no imaging follow-up or had inadequate confirmation of placement or occlusion. Few pregnancies occurred in women with documented bilateral tubal occlusion by HSG or correct placement at 3 months by ultrasound or X-ray. Only one study reported follow-up past 5 years. Further studies are needed to address the long-term effectiveness of hysteroscopic sterilization. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Prevention of infection after induced abortionSharon L. Achilles | Matthew F. Reeves
Volume 83, Issue 4, April 2011, Pages 295-309
One known complication of induced abortion is upper genital tract infection, which is relatively uncommon in the current era of safe, legal abortion. Currently, rates of upper genital tract infection in the setting of legal induced abortion in the United States are generally less than 1%. Randomized controlled trials support the use of prophylactic antibiotics for surgical abortion in the first trimester. For medical abortion, treatment-dose antibiotics may lower the risk of serious infection. However, the number-needed-to-treat is high. Consequently, the balance of risk and benefits warrants further investigation. Perioperative oral doxycycline given up to 12 h before a surgical abortion appears to effectively reduce infectious risk. Antibiotics that are continued after the procedure for extended durations meet the definition for a treatment regimen rather than a prophylactic regimen. Prophylactic efficacy of antibiotics begun after abortion has not been demonstrated in controlled trials. Thus, the current evidence supports pre-procedure but not post-procedure antibiotics for the purpose of prophylaxis. No controlled studies have examined the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis for induced surgical abortion beyond 15 weeks of gestation. The risk of infection is not altered when an intrauterine device is inserted immediately post-procedure. The presence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae or acute cervicitis carries a significant risk of upper genital tract infection; this risk is significantly reduced with antibiotic prophylaxis. Women with bacterial vaginosis (BV) also have an elevated risk of post-procedural infection as compared with women without BV; however, additional prophylactic antibiotics for women with known BV has not been shown to reduce their risk further than with use of typical pre-procedure antibiotic prophylaxis. Accordingly, evidence to support pre-procedure screening for BV is lacking. Neither povidone-iodine nor chlorhexidine have been shown to alter the risk of infection when used as cervicovaginal preparation. However, chlorhexidine appears to be more effective than povidone iodine at reducing bacteria within the vagina. The Society of Family Planning recommends the routine use of antibiotic prophylaxis, preferably with doxycycline, before surgical abortion. Use of treatment doses of antibiotics with medical abortion may decrease the rare risk of serious infection but universal requirement for such treatment has not been established. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.


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If you pass Bone-i-fide Bakery on Laurens, you may see cats playing in the window. They are available for adoption from the Aiken County Shelter, and you don't have to go to the shelter to adopt. You can do it inside the store.
If you are not seeking a feline companion but would like some "cat time" while you decide which yummy treats to take home to your dogs, you are encouraged to cuddle those cats in the window and help them become happier, finer pets, and even more likely to find a permanent home.
When Carly Jordan took over the Bone-i-fide Bakery in 2010, one of her first goals was to establish relationships with area rescue groups and local shelters.
"I was especially drawn to the County Shelter," she said. "Because I had customers who were involved there and with FOTAS, and they were all so friendly, helpful and welcoming. I also knew the need was great."
Chief Enforcement Officer Bobby Arthurs and senior vet tech Sandy Larsen are happy to transport two or three adoptable cats to Jordan's window at Bone-i-fide Bakery. At least 12 cats have found good homes since Jordan's business became an approved "foster home" and adoption partner with the County Shelter.
With the good food and good loving these cats get from Jordan and her patrons, you can see the change in them almost immediately: they are the happiest, healthiest and homeless cats you will find anywhere nearby.
Early in FOTAS' efforts to raise awareness of the plight of animals in the grossly inadequate County Shelter, Bone-i-fide Bakery agreed to have an adoptable shelter dogs sign in her business. Bone-i-fide Bakery has also hosted numerous "adoption days" at the store for local rescues.
Jordan and her husband have four rescue dogs of their own and two rescued cats.
Bone-i-fide Bakery is a gourmet dog bakery and specialty supply store that caters to pets with special dietary needs. Dogs with food allergies and skin issues can have highly restricted diets. Jordan can do the research and find the exact recipe suited to the pet's requirements.
It is FOTAS' mission to help the Aiken County Shelter become a happy healthy place that never has to euthanize an adoptable animal. In every way possible, Jordan's Bone-i-fide Bakery is a true partner in that effort.
FOTAS volunteers work with the Aiken County Animal Shelter, 411 Wire Road. For more information, e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com or visit www.fotasaiken.org.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Intentional Creativity Foundation is dedicated to providing education, community, and access to intuitive art resources and experiences. This work originated in the late part of the 1920's and continues today as we serve thousands of people per month with our offerings from a global network of teachers. We don't think art is something just for those who are gifted or creative, but is a way for all beings to access their own stories, ideas, beliefs and healing pathways. We believe self expression is a basic human right.
According to the United Nations:
"We stand firm in our commitment to protect and promote the right to freedom of expression, including artistic and creative expression. In addition to being an integral part of the protected human right to freedom of expression, artistic and creative expression is critical to the human spirit, the development of vibrant cultures, and the functioning of democratic societies. Artistic expression connects us all, transcending borders and barriers". ~ This quote has come from a joint statement made by 57 State Members at the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva and delivered by Ambassador Janis Karklins, the Permanent Representative of Latvia to the United Nations on September 18, 2015
To get started in learning more about our work in the world you can sign up for our free art education library offerings below, or check out our blog, or look for a teacher in your area. This site, like our lives and this Foundation are a work in progress unfolding as we go.
Thank you for visiting us here at the Intentional Creativity Foundation.
United Nations Commission on the Status of Women
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We were very honored to present our findings, research and presentation before the UNCSW as an NGO.
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The Detroit Tigers had high hopes for the 2007 season. After making the World Series in 2006, and adding slugger Gary Sheffield, a second World Series birth was within the Tigers grasp. But a rash of injuries, and poor play in the second half of the season likely will prevent the Tigers from returning to the post-season. Still, as manager Jim Leyland told Bob Wojnowski of the Detroit News, he is very proud of his team, and the Tigers fans, who set the team's all-time attendance record this season.
September 24, Detroit News: "It tells you how hard it is to win and how much you should enjoy it when you do," manager Jim Leyland said, and he was just getting started. "And it's not going to get any easier. This is the big leagues, and we're in a loaded division. Some naïve people said, 'They got to the World Series last year, so they'll automatically win it this year.'
"A lot of things have to go right for you, and they all did last year. They didn't this year. But we've got an excellent team with an excellent group of fans and an excellent community. I mean, what more can you ask for? I wish we could've done a little better, but we didn't."
"I'm very proud of what this team has done, fighting through a lot of adversity," Leyland said. "I'm tickled to death. I know some people are gonna say, 'How can he be tickled to death?' Well, my job is to get players to play hard, and I think they've done that.


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There are a many prospects available for graduates in these areas including the opportunity to work in veterinary practices, pet shops, boarding kennels, animal welfare organisations, and in the biomedical area. The Certificate IV in Veterinary Nursing is the national qualification for Veterinary Nurses. The Diploma of Animal Technology provides graduates with opportunities to work in biotechnical research and production, teaching facilities, zoos and wildlife parks.
Can't find what you're looking for?


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realmagick.com The shrine of knowledge.
Precession Of The Equinoxes
A selection of articles related to precession of the equinoxes.
Original articles from our library related to the Precession Of The Equinoxes. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Precession Of The Equinoxes.
- The Aeonic Perspective of the Enochian Temples
- The initiatory system of the Enochian Temples divides the path of initiation into four major stages, distinguished primarily by the types and sources of the influences they are sensitive to. Briefly, these stages are: 1. Lunar-planetary, focused in Yesod and...
Magick >> Enochian
- Bringing it Down to Earth: A Fractal Approach
- 'Clouds are not spheres, mountains are not cones, coastlines are not circles, and bark is not smooth, nor does lightning travel in a straight line.' B. Mandelbrot W e want to think about the future - it's our nature. Unlike other creatures, humans possess an...
Mystic Sciences >> Astrology
- Mother Of The Gods And The Father Of The Gael
- There is no surviving, or as yet translated, Creation story within Irish mythology. We learn from the Lebor Gabala Erenn, a text from the Christian Middle Ages, of the Tuatha De Danann, or "People of the Goddess Danu", who came to Ireland either...
Deities & Heros >> Celtic, Welsh, Irish & Brittish
- Select Cross-Cultural and Historical Personifications of Death
- This extensive introduction includes some of the more well known, along with some lesser known Death "incarnations", and I use that term loosely, as in many cultures, the Angel of Death can be quite an adept shapeshifter. We have tried to cull...
Mystic Sciences >> Necromantic Studies
- The Celtic Vedic Connection, Part I
- Of all the great ancient cultures perhaps no two share more parallels than those of the Celtic and Vedic peoples. A deep rooted affinity runs between them, what is present in one is mirrored in the other. Myths, Gods, Goddesses, even fairy tales bear a...
Religions >> Druidism
Precession Of The Equinoxes is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Precession Of The Equinoxes books and related discussion.
Suggested News Resources
- An accuracy measurement method for star trackers based on direct astronomic
- Given that the direction of the Earth's revolution is opposite to the precession direction of the Earth axis, a small west movement of the vernal equinox is generated every year. This movement is referred to as a precession.
- Severe droughts explain the mysterious fall of the Maya
- The Maya were also intellectually advanced. They had a strong grasp of mathematics and astronomy, which they used to align their pyramids and temples with the precession of planets and the solar equinoxes. And they used the only known written script in ...
- Your Views: Climate change debate amounts to lottery lesson
- Astronomy, Al-Battani refined existing values for the inclination of the ecliptic, for the length of the year and of the seasons, and for the annual precession of the equinoxes.
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.
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HitFix Interview: Kristin Bauer talks about being evil on 'Once Upon A Time'
For a nice girl from Wisconsin, Kristin Bauer certainly knows how to play a bad, bad girl. On "True Blood," she's made her bloody mark as Pam the lesbian vampire and now she takes on the role of Mistress of All Evil Maleficent, the baddie from Sleeping Beauty, in ABC's "Once Upon A Time" (Sun. Oct. 30 at 8 p.m.). HitFix talked to Bauer briefly about her guest shot on the new series, her adventures in green screen and why she's got a thing for great costumes.
Though Bauer isn't sure how her name got tossed into the ring to play Maleficent, she says, "I only imagine it was like they wanted somebody playing evil, and I'm on a short list of playing evil. But it did come up very fast. I was on the road working on other stuff, so I didn't know much about it. I just knew the scene, put on the costume and they put me in front of a green screen."
Surprisingly, this was Bauer's first time in front of a green screen. "I'd just gotten off a plane, so it was a little dizzying, but it was fascinating technology," she says. "All of these things start building in your mind, which is great, because all you have as an actor is imagination. I also had the director and Lana [Parrilla], who was so helpful, and they help'd so much. When I hit that acting ball back and forth with Lana, it was magic."
It was also confusing. "It was just me, Lana, a chair and a rug," Bauer says with a laugh. "But Lana was really great, because she's been doing this green screen thing for a while. She said, let me help you, and she showed me where I was on the monitor. Still, for one take the director said, you're standing in the fireplace. They helped orient me. On 'True Blood,' I've been living in this fabulous, beautiful world where you not only get great writing, the scaffold supporting you is really top notch. On a new show you never know. So it was wonderful to have Lana there, who could not have been better. Plus, she's an amazing actress."
Of course, the idea that Maleficent is playing ball -- and later battling with -- Parrilla's Evil Queen might come as a surprise to viewers of the show. Shouldn't the baddies be united on one side? "This is something, when I look at the environment and presidents of countries, it's interesting to see how these power people play together then have a spat," Bauer says. "They don't play their hand, I imagine. It's a whole political game, especially between women. I think it's very interesting how these writers wrote this, because it's something I see in life. When powerful people want something from each other, they have to figure out how to get it. You have dinners, you hang out, you weekend in the Hamptons, then you sort of hint. Maybe if you want that oil well, it's the last thing you bring up and you act like you don't care. I'm from Wisconsin, so I don't get it at all. I just ask, 'Can I borrow that sweater?'"


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INDIANA (Indiana's NewsCenter) - Democrats in the Indiana House will try again to send "Right-to-Work" to a public vote.
The lawmakers are expected to return to the House Monday, ending their latest boycott which shut down the chamber for much of last week.
They walked out after questions were raised about the constitutionality of their proposal to amend the Right-to-Work bill and put it up for a referendum in November.
Democrat leaders say they re-worked the amendment to clear up legal issues, but their idea calls for a complicated compromise.
Rep. Phil GiaQuinta says, "If the amendment goes in, Right to Work would become law I think. I believe, two days before the November election. And then the vote on Election Day would be to either keep the law or repeal it."
Last week's boycott prompted House Republicans to start fining absent Democrats a thousand dollars a day.
The Democrats are fighting that in court.
What are your thoughts CLICK HERE to leave us a "QUESTION OF THE DAY" comment.
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Varince Granted MLS 71065978. This is undeniably a once in a lifetime opportunity to own a fully approved tentative map (TM) with 5 ocean front lots. This is one of the most exclusive and unique properties in the United States! Do not miss this extremely rare & remarkable opportunity to make this acreage in the heart of Del Mar your own. A spectacular waterfront property of over 6.9 acres atop the bluffs of Del Mar lays a beautiful canvas to build your very own vision of paradise -
Listing Courtesy of The Guiltinan Group


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- Incufridge Temp 5-65C Incufridge Temp 5-65C
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The Big Weekend
12:00 25 August, 2017
The Big Weekend
The Big Weekend is Manchester Pride's flagship event taking place in Manchester's world-famous Gay Village, each year, over August Bank Holiday Weekend.
Last Year...
32 Events
Last Year
143,000 people engaged
£ 146,000 to be distributed
Introduction to Manchester Pride
Manchester Pride is a registered charity that campaigns for equality and challenges discrimination; creates opportunity for engagement and participation and celebrates lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) life. The charity fundraises for LGBT and HIV projects in Greater Manchester by staging a number of events throughout the year, including the award winning Manchester Pride Festival, The Manchester Pride Spring Benefit, events recognising International Day Against Homophobia, Biphobia and Transphobia (IDAHO) and our annual programme of culture, Superbia.
We will create space, whether virtual or physical, to enable individuals to embrace and explore their relationship with and heritage within the LGBT community.
We will raise funds for LGBT+ related causes in Greater Manchester, and provide the LGBT communities with the opportunity to provide direct input in the decision making process for the distribution of all funds raised . We will aim to remain innovative in our fundraising efforts and will maintain a diverse range of initiatives to provide a stable fundraising model.
We will run an annual campaign giving voice to Greater Manchester's LGBT community on local, national and global issues in a supportive and proactive manner.
We will earn the trust of the LGBT community by being open and transparent. We will listen and actively seek out the views of our diverse community, helping stakeholders have a two-way conversation with us and involving them in our decision-making.


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Iapetos Village - Symi
Along with free buffet breakfast, this hotel offers a marina and free self parking. Relax in the indoor pool during your stay. There is also a poolside bar and a bar/lounge so guests can sip a refreshing drink by the pool or indoors. The leisure facilities include a sauna.
Multilingual staff at the 24-hour front desk can provide express check-out. Free WiFi is provided.
Iapetos Village - Symi
Hotel Info: 1-877-214-4288from $122
- Double Room
- Suite (Master)
- Studio Suite
- Studio (Apartment )
- Suite (Maisonette)
Also popular with travelers from the USA
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 29 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 1 floor
- Check-in time starts at 2 PM
- Check-out time is noon
- Express check-out
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- No pets or service animals allowed
Extra people
- Roll-away beds available, charges may apply*
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free ferry terminal shuttle *
- Free self parking
- Free nearby parking
In the hotel
- Free buffet breakfast daily
- Bar/lounge
- Coffee shop/café
- Poolside bar
- Room service (during limited hours)
- Indoor pool
- Sauna
- Sailing nearby
- Scooter/moped rentals nearby
- Snorkeling nearby
- Marina on site
- 24-hour front desk
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Hair salon
- Luggage storage
- Wedding services
- Multilingual staff
- Rooftop terrace
- Garden
In the room
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Air conditioning
- Coffee/tea maker
- Slippers
- Sofa bed
- Sofa bed size twin
- Separate sitting area
- Balcony
- Hair dryer
- 22-inch LCD TV
- Satellite TV channels
- Desk
- Free WiFi
- Phone
- Full-sized refrigerator/freezer
- Cookware, dishware, and utensils
- Dishwasher
- Free bottled water
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room safe
Iapetos Village - Symi's small print
Also known as
- Iapetos
- Iapetos Village
- Iapetos Village Hotel
- Iapetos Village Symi
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 1500, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation.
For transfers, guests must contact the property 24 hours prior to arrival at the number on the booking confirmation.
Optional extras
Rollaway beds are available for an additional charge
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Hotel registry number: 1143K10000557001


text:
Rajinder K. Lal
Information Technology Specialist [Data Management, Security, Developer, Configuration/Change Managment]
1 Gifford Pinchot Drive
United States
Phone: 608-231-9524
Contact Rajinder K. Lal
Current Research
My focus as a Information Technology Specialist (ITS) within the US Forest Service R&D is four fold:
- To ensure that the delivery of accurate US Forest Service R&D information for both internal and public facing communication and performance metric and accountability purposes is accomplished using centralized, US Forest Service R&D wide solutions.
- To encourage that these solutions follow best industry practices in the areas of data management, design, software development and technology standards, where feasible.
- That these solutions fullfill the security requirements of the US Forest Service and USDA
- That greater emphasis is placed on testing of solutions prior to their release.
Research Interests
The facilitation of external transformation and load (ETL) processes that interface transactional data between environments and follows a two-phase commit model with supporting checksum algorithms.
Why This Research is Important
Following Content added 05/19/2016 @ 10:33 am CT following the reconfiguration on the Windows Production server fsxfsrdpvwm02 to use the OEM code page value of 65001 which supports the Oracle characterset AL32UTF8 :
Test 1: Addition of Special Characters: Addition of Special Characters: (1) ∀ (2) ∂ (3) ∃ (4) ∅
Test 2:Addition of Special Characters: © β ∅ ½
Test 3: Hello Superscript Hello subscript
Test 4: Copyright symbol: © Registered trademark symbol: ® Yen: ¥
- Julliard School of Music, Certificate Performance Classical Violin and Chamber Music Performance 1981
- Indiana University, Certificate Performance Classical Violin and Chamber Music Performance 1980
Professional Experience
- Software Developer, Ernst & Young
2001 - 2002
Served in the roles of Senior Developer for a two year project focused on the development of a multi-tiered web based application with an extensive data warehouse backend that provided near-real time management reporting abilities on media delivery, statiscal analysis, payment and billing transactions integrated from 15 individual systems.
- Software Developer, Grey Global Group
1984 - 2000
Served in the roles of a junior and senior Developer in COBOL, Java, Visual Basic and PL/SQL environments that provided Financial, Payroll, Human Resource and Media Purchasing, Payment and Statistical analysis.
Professional Organizations
- Oracle Application Users Group, Member (1999 - 2006)
Awards & Recognition
- USDA Farm Service Agency, 2008
Recognition for involvement at the national level with supporting the suite of software applications used by FSA, commercial banks and farmers to facilitate loans, crop, dairy and land management.
- De Koker, T.H.; Burdsall, H.; Janse, B.J.H.; Lal, Rajinder. 2000. A Provisional Name For Taxon Of Phanerochaete From South Africa.


text:
Shaw to acquire Beaulieu facilities
February 7, 2002-- Home Textiles Today,
Dalton, GA — Shaw Industries Inc. and Beaulieu of America announced the signing of two separate letters of intent for Shaw Industries to acquire certain Beaulieu facilities.
In the first transaction, Shaw Industries will acquire Beaulieu's Aiken, SC, nylon yarn manufacturing facility.
"It's a state-of-the-art filament nylon yarn extrusion facility," Julius Shaw, executive vp, Shaw Industries, told HTT.
In the second transaction, Shaw will acquire from South Richmond Chemical LLC a 45 percent interest in Georgia Monomers Company LLC, a joint venture with DSM of North America Inc., which owns the remaining 55 percent interest in an Augusta, GA, chemical plant that produces catrolactam.
The deal is expected to close within 30 days to 60 days, or by late March.
Related Content By Author
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text:
ENN CommunityENN Community
Tipping Points In Earth System, Not Always Smooth
September 7, 2007 03:05 PM - Timothy M. Lenton, U of East Anglia
University of East Anglia - The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its many excellent reports tends to portray climate change as a smooth transition. Although the projections are rarely straight lines the underlying system and its responses appear "˜linear' in mathematical terms. There are, of course, exceptions to this, notable ones being the possible collapse of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation or irreversible melt of the Greenland ice sheet, which both get significant attention in the latest IPCC report. These represent large scale "˜non-linear' components of the Earth system.
APEC draft climate statement seen a compromise
September 7, 2007 02:34 PM - Jalil Hamid -Reuters
Asia-Pacific officials agreed on Friday to a draft climate statement which reaffirms a U.N. treaty on fighting global warming, while urging non-binding "aspirational targets" for greenhouse gas reductions, a delegate said. But the climate statement, which has emerged after tough negotiations following a split between developing and developed members of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum, remains to be agreed to by the 21 Asia-Pacific leaders.
New Research Identifies How One Storm Can Affect Another
September 7, 2007 01:48 PM - University of Leeds
Weather forecasting and climate modelling for the notoriously unpredictable Sahel region of Africa could be made easier in the future, thanks to new research results coming from the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis study (AMMA). University of Leeds - A paper published in Geophysical Research Letters describes how the AMMA scientists gathered new atmospheric data by using satellite imagery to plot flight paths over areas where storms had produced very wet soils. Dropsondes (weather reconnaissance devices) were launched from a research aircraft above these wet areas to record data such as humidity, wind strength and temperature. The findings allowed the scientists to compare the atmospheric conditions above wet soils with those above adjacent dry soils.
Bodies wash up in Nicaragua from deadly hurricane
September 7, 2007 07:31 AM - Jimmy Sanchez and Oswaldo Rivas -Reuters
Bodies of Miskito Indians killed by Hurricane Felix floated in the Caribbean off Central America and washed up on beaches on Thursday as the death toll from the storm rose to over 60. Many of the dead were traveling by boat when they were hit by huge waves as Felix struck near the border between Honduras and Nicaragua on Tuesday as a giant Category 5 storm.
APEC officials agree on global warming statement
September 7, 2007 07:24 AM - Associated Press
SYDNEY (AP): Pacific Rim nations on Friday reached agreement on a joint statement on global warming, overcoming bickering between rich and poor nations about whether to include targets on emissions, two Asian officials said. Experts from the 21-member Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum approved the wording of a final draft statement on climate change that would be handed to leaders at their summit starting Saturday, the officials said.
Carving Out a New Idea of the Past
September 7, 2007 07:15 AM - ucsd, Mario Aguilera
There was bad news and good news aboard the U.S. Coast Guard icebreaking vessel Healy during a voyage to the Arctic Ocean. The bad news was a disturbing lack of sea ice, which, combined with strong winds, prevented the vessel from maintaining a steady position in the Arctic's Chukchi Sea. But the good news was that the ice-free seas gave the researchers a rare opportunity to make intricately detailed maps of the region's seafloor.
NOAA study backs up predictions of sea ice loss
September 7, 2007 07:07 AM - Associated Press
Sea ice loss in regions of the Arctic is likely to exceed 40 percent by 2050 compared with the 1980s, according to an analysis of ice computer models by researchers at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Bush presses Asia-Pacific on trade and climate
September 7, 2007 06:53 AM - Matt Spetalnick and Caren Bohan -Reuters
U.S. President George W. Bush urged the Pacific Rim's economic powerhouses on Friday to help secure elusive global deals on trade and climate change and pledged an "unshakeable" commitment to the region's security.
Bush shows gift of gaffe at APEC summit
September 7, 2007 06:47 AM - Reuters
Even for someone as gaffe-prone as U.S. President George W. Bush, he was in rare form on Friday, confusing APEC with OPEC and transforming Australian troops into Austrians. Bush's tongue started slipping almost as soon as he started talking at a business forum on the eve of an Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit in Sydney.
Typhoon batters Tokyo, moves on
September 7, 2007 06:39 AM - Hiroaki Watanabe -Reuters
A typhoon pounded Tokyo and surrounding areas on Friday, killing at least one man and snarling transport and power supplies, before weakening and moving north. The typhoon, the biggest to hit Tokyo since October 2002, brought down record rainfall in many parts of the capital, but by afternoon it had weakened to a tropical storm.


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Compact rope which has minimal interfiber friction, thereby increasing durability.
Weight, diameter and number of falls are balanced in such a way that Accord 8.3 can be used as both a half and twin rope.
Used in pairs, the climber can choose between the twin rope technique or half rope technique - whatever technique is required at the time.
Thermotransfer end marking.
Ultrasonic ending.
Get Rad. Login Here.


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Preserving Native Culture Using the Internet
Watch Online
Preserving Native Culture Using the Internet
A person in the audience at "Popping Your Bubble: Stories of the Digital Divide" wanted to know, beyond language, what people were doing online to preserve their culture. Chickasaw techie Allison Aldridge-Saur & Dean Davis, Technology Coordinator at the College of Menominee Nation Community Technology Center share some of the things they've seen tribes do. What is your tribe doing to preserve its culture using the Internet?
- Watch Online
Native stories that represent the cultures, experiences, and values of American Indians and Alaska Natives for your station!
Current funding, job, and training opportunities that support the production of Native content. Plus, additional information for filmmakers.
Hands-on educational tools for middle school to college-aged students that increase the Impact of Native films in the classroom.


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Orcs, Elves, Witches, Dragons and Co.
platformer16 Mar 2014)
Platformer is a 2D sideview platform game, where the player controls a young magician and fights his way through a retro-styled world.Genre: Platform, Action
Fortix 26 May 2011)
Fortix 2 is best described as a reverse turret defense game.Genre: Arcade
by Tengu Games
Offworld is a single player third person shooter where players pilot an airship and fight for the dominion of their chosen clan!Genre: Flying / Aviation, Shooter, Action
Dangerous Insects
by PrandGames
Dangerous Insects — this is a Tower Defense game in which you have to protect plants from voracious insects.Genre: Turn-based, Strategy
Fish vs. Crabs
Fish vs. Crabs is a fully immersive 3D underwater Tower Defense Game.Genre: Strategy
Simon the Sorcerer II: The Lion, the Wizard and the Wardrobe
Simon the Sorcerer 2: The Lion, the Wizard, and the Wardrobe is the second game in the Simon the Sorcerer series, and the fifth game...Genre: Point & Click, Adventure
Simon the Sorcerer
There are some things that kids just shouldn't have to put up with.Genre: Point & Click, Adventure
Project Shyknight21 Feb 2014)
Project shyKnight is an oldschool style platformer.Genre: Arcade, Platform, Adventure
Doom & Destiny
Doom & Destiny is an old-school RPG with tons of attitude, content and comedy! Help Nigel, Mike, Johnny and Francis, four nerdy...Genre: Adventure, Role-playing
Eschalon: Book III14 Feb 2014)
Eschalon: Book III brings the trilogy to a climactic end as you seek to uncover the mystery of your past, the secrets of the Crux stones,...Genre: Role-playing
Alcarys Complex
Corvallis Unruh is a young pacifist from a small coastal town.Genre: Adventure, Role-playing
Nightmares from the Deep: The Cursed Heart19 Apr 2012)
Would you like to enter a thrilling Pirates world where danger lurks in every corner? You are a museum owner pursuing an undead...Genre: Puzzle, Adventure


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sending emails using hotmail - doesn't work, but I can receive mail
I have been in contact with hp support who maid my desktop without success.
I can send emails using windows live mail but would rather use hotmail.
They told me to delete hotmail and reinstall
it which I was unable to do.
My operationg system is windows 7 which I know very little of it.
Can you provide me with a solution to this problem?


text:
STATEN ISLAND, N.Y. -- Army Staff Sgt. Raymond Collazo has been decorated with the Army Commendation Medal.
The medal is awarded to individuals who, while serving in any capacity with the Army, have distinguished themselves by acts of heroism, meritorious achievement or meritorious service.
Collazo is a drill sergeant at Fort Sill, Okla. He has been in the Army for six years.
He is the son of Marta and Scott Thomas of Port Richmond.
He is a 2002 graduate of McKee High School.


text: MA003 The Black Crowes - I Ain't Hiding (Heavy Disco Edit) by MODERN ARTIFACTS published on 2010-09-03T14:54:42Z Ashley gets low down and dirty with the southern rock giants The Black Crowes. Their 'I Ain't Hiding ' track was a real marmite moment for their fans. Ashley (being a fan) turns the Stonesy disco rock track (think Miss You) inside out to create a psychedelic dancefloor wig out. Already a big fave with the Horse Meat Disco crew this has been one of Mr Beedle's most requested edits/reworks over the last couple of years and he has decided to let this one out the vaults. It's a monster. Genre Heavy Disco Comment by DjDocH very cool 2016/05/02 11:38:36 +0000 Comment by Larry Van de Leensel Nice! 2014/02/20 06:43:17 +0000 Comment by Mark At Clique Such a cool tune . 2013/07/27 21:01:02 +0000 Comment by Mellow Fusion Cool edit!!! 2012/12/08 11:29:13 +0000 Comment by FAT PANDA LOVING THIS EDIT :))) 2012/08/25 10:00:00 +0000 Comment by Soniko Wah wah-tastic...sweet pumping groove 2012/06/10 20:38:09 +0000 Comment by shmoopatties This track is absolutely not "turned inside out". Other than the spoken word intro and an addition of siren effects, it differs from the original very, very little. Certainly not enough for Mr Beedle to put his name on it or pretend to have done anything to improve on what the Crowes already released. 2012/05/02 13:00:48 +0000 Comment by MODERN ARTIFACTS @djskidz-1: It's not available digitally - it's been released this week on limited run vinyl 2012/04/18 13:20:25 +0000 Comment by cdfreak Oh yes.. another floor filler. Ordered today from Juno. MUST. OWN. 2011/11/27 19:54:20 +0000 Comment by Kirsty P @funkymongolian: hahahaha.. yes they were young sirs .... :) xx 2011/11/25 00:46:56 +0000 Comment by Nicholas Libetta 1 Nice edit ! x 2011/11/24 23:46:34 +0000 Comment by Manuel Dexterity @joel-ra: they should be madam :)x 2011/11/24 23:33:11 +0000 Comment by Joel Ra @kirsty-p: Are your ears burning madam? :P 2011/11/24 23:19:59 +0000 Comment by Joel Ra Have to say, i love the orginal, love this edit :) 2011/11/24 23:18:16 +0000 Comment by djskidz this is outta controll it will smoke the dancefloor. Nice download? anytime soon? 2011/11/24 22:46:09 +0000 Comment by Kirsty P Finally its coming out in a few days.... love it :)x 2011/11/24 22:18:40 +0000


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|Sin City Weisse
|Sin City Amber
|Sin City Maibock
Wirralbeerveg (36) Port Sunlight, England | September 17, 2016
Small outlet in the shopping mall... 5 taps on ..
Jow (249) New York | June 10, 2016
Managed to convince my cousins bachelor party crew to do quick pit stop. The decor fits the strip. The bartender called me a pussy for getting a pint rather than 24oz. Beers are mediocre. Anyways grab them ticks.
paco (31) Regina, Saskatchewan | January 10, 2016
Small space with a few seats. A couple tvs and a few taps. Below average beer but its good enough. Plastic cups. My wife shops and I drink. I wouldnt come back unless we happened to be at the mall. I bought a shirt.
italianjohn (197) Penndel, Pennsylvania | November 10, 2015
Brewpub right on the Strip ... small bar area with some people watching seats near the front door.... had some TVs and walls of swag .... bartender was prompt and nice .... beer served in plastic cups .... boring styles and basically glorified homebrew at best .... cheap prices for the area ... still better than a good day at work :)
MarcoDL (147) , Netherlands | October 27, 2015
Small bar in the Miracle Mile mall. They only had 4 of their beers, all boring styles like light lager. Very pricey as well, but everything is pricey in Vegas. Avoid this.
Belmagnus (36) Helsingborg, Sweden | October 18, 2015
Visited May 2015. Nice selection of their own beers.
Radek Kliber (302) Toronto (Can) Krotoszyn (Pol), Poland | July 3, 2015
Small bar from its chain. Beers were 6$ per pint. Service was OK, nothing special. Beer was decent (Oktoberfest). OK for quick stop.
jenray (24) Houston, Texas | April 16, 2015
Located in the Miracle Mile shopping center,. There is a small bar that seats maybe 8 seats or so, with some merchandise for sale. Beer selection was limited, with only five taps, and quality was just average. The beer is served in plastic glasses, but that means you can order your beer and take it with you as you continue to stroll through the mall. Service was friendly and attentive, and at $6 per glass, value was good for Vegas
DocJitsu (136) Pensacola , Florida | August 25, 2013
A little dug out spot in the Miracle Mile just before the entrance of the Elara Hilton Grand. Always good service. Some servers have a higher beer IQ than others. Five beers on tap. Full bar too. Some t-shirts and novelties. Gordon Biersche side project, so dont expect too much. But the effort is decent. Especially with the Oktoberfest and the Stout. Good happy hour. Two for one from 4:00 to 7:00 every day.
Steve_0 (142) Denver, Colorado | March 25, 2013
Little Kiosk in the middle of the Miracle Mile Shops. Worth a stop if you are in the mall shopping, but not worth seeking out. The beer is pretty bad, but hey, tickers gonna tick!


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MONDAY: Marjorie Esman, James Llorens, & Tom Aswell
By Jim Engster & Jim Eng • Feb 17, 2014
Jim Engster speaks with Marjorie Esman, Executive Director of the American Civil Liberties Union of Louisiana about the high incarceration rate in Louisiana, Dr. James L. Llorens talks about his future at Southern University as Chancellor, and political analyst, Tom Aswell discusses Louisiana politics.
Copyright 2014 WRKF-FM. To see more, visit http://www.wrkf.org.


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1. Exercising is important.
As you move on to the next stage of your life you want to be sure your body doesn't crumble.
2. Remember to try new things.
And if you fail at first, try, try again!
3. Avoid temptation.
4. Learn to celebrate the milestones in OTHER peoples lives.
Nothing is appreciated more than when you care about others.
5. Spend time with your kids.
6. See the world.
7. Always be looking for new ways to learn.
8. And share your new found knowledge with others.
9. Try to cook some more at home.
10. Help others with free fashion advice.
11. Meet inspiring people.
12. Make an entrance.
13. Don't lose your competitive edge.
14. Keep it old school.
"When I'm DJing in Ibiza and the like I prefer the no nonsense Nord Electro 3."
15. Always ask questions.
16. Don't be afraid to try a new look once in a while.
17. Dress for the occasion.
"Yes sir. Ready for action."


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Stanford Researchers Release Virtual-Reality Simulation That Transports Users To Ocean of the Future (ieee.org) 83
Tekla Perry writes: Stanford's Jeremy Bailenson and his Virtual Human Interaction Lab have for more than a decade been testing whether experiences from virtual reality can change real-world behavior. Now they are using their knowledge -- and expertise at developing VR software -- in what they hope will be a large-scale move towards making people behave better. The lab this week released, for free, a VR experience for the HTC Vive. It's aimed at giving people the sense of diving down to a coral reef -- but the real goal is getting them to consider how carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere is killing the oceans. He hopes, with the dearth of good VR content available, this software will proliferate at least as fast as VR hardware does. Next up for the lab, a deep dive into homelessness. The experience is formally called "The Ocean Acidification Experience" and it's "intended to teach users about the chemistry behind ocean acidification, as well as the problems it causes, and what they can do to help prevent it," according to IEEE Spectrum. Bailenson describes the general story line by saying, "It starts with a globe. We talk about how we can see climate on the coastlines, but nobody can see how carbon dioxide affects the oceans. We then take you into a crowded city. You touch an exhaust pipe, and you then see carbon dioxide go into the atmosphere, and you're told to follow one particular molecule. Then you are in a boat, on the ocean, you see your molecule come towards you. You touch it and push it into the water; when it lands you see the chemical reaction that creates acid; that's the chemistry lesson. Then you are underwater, at this special reef in Ischia, Italy. This reef has naturally occurring carbon dioxide from underwater volcanoes; it shows how all our oceans will look by 2100. We take you to a normal reef, where you see coral, and count sea snails and species of fish. Then you go to an acidified reef; you see that algae have taken over the reef, there is no coral; there are fewer fish species, and no sea snails. The final scene tells you what you can do to help, prevent this future, including managing your own carbon footprint, talking to decision makers, and supporting research organizations."


text: Wayfair I Ottoman Empire: Up to 70% OFF Fresh Looks on Daily Fair Free Shipping on orders over $49 Flag this deal What's the matter? Choose a reason Dead deal Duplicate Bad link Spam Inaccurate No value Alive again Edit deal backspace Apr 10, 2013 Great selections...nice colors..thanks for posting. Reply rockinnrolla Apr 10, 2013 Some good deals. Thanks for sharing. :) Reply ukaran Apr 10, 2013 $46 from $120. Great Price reduction. Nice find. Reply MrBklynW Apr 10, 2013 some pretty good deals thanks Reply Jlowry Apr 10, 2013 my baby girl would love this in her room Reply blackfoot Apr 09, 2013 Good discount, gonna have to look this sale over. Reply FibroMom Apr 09, 2013 Found several styles at 75% Off! Some super cute and useful (the storage kind) ottomans! Thanks, great find! :) Reply 1 like EzzyLovesToSave Apr 09, 2013 HOLY COW!...only $46 for the PINK one in the picture:) PINK ALERT!...PINK ALERT! Reply 1 like Load More Comments


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jetionsolarproblem said:
Now Agria and all the other shareholder of PGW has received a small dividend out of an additional income that PGW has received (craffar loans).
This is a myth about PGW that has to be squashed. Look at the half year cashflow statement. PGW received $22.1m cash from a decrease in finance receivables. But in the same statement $28.5m in external borrowings were repaid. This indicates to me that all of the cashflow from the Crafar farms went straight into repaying debt. None was retained inside PGW.
Now look at the PGW segmental information. PGW rural capital (discontinued) lost $1.140m while finance (also discontinued) made $1.169m. Now sum the two. Within rounding error PGW neither made nor lost money as their finance book was wound down.
I conclude that overall the final repayment of the Crafar loans had no net effect, either good or bad, on PGW.
That in turn means that the declared recent dividend will be paid by just borrowing more money from the banks to do it.
Atuzi2002 you are able to cut and paste, Applause. This is from Snoopy, he sounds always clever and is angry that he missed the 29cent .
PGW has
Total Liabilities 406.0 405.5 502.0 847.1 901.8
Total Equity 581.3 575.0 564.0 602.0 631.6
Liabilities were reduced, Total Equity raised, Dividend was paid.
It is #$%$ what snoopy wrote, and what you pasted. It is funny that you not even have the skills to make your own conclusions.
haha, as long as I have the skills to unmask you, that's enough.


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Resident Producers
If you have not previously held a producer license in this state or any other state, you will need to take insurance exams for those lines of authority you wish to sell in this state. (Contact Prometric at 800.864.8373 for information on the insurance exams.) Upon completing and passing your exam(s) you will need to complete a resident producer license application online at Sircon.
Licensing Fee
The licensing fee is paid electronically ($25 plus a service fee).
Pre-licensing Education
No pre-licensing education is required in South Dakota to obtain a resident or non-resident producer license.
To Take the Exam
Login online to schedule your test or contact the exam provider, Prometric at 800.864.8373 (M-F 8am - 9pm ET).
License Renewal
Resident producer licenses renew biennially based on the producer's birth month. Renewals are done electronically through Sircon. The renewal period will open 60 days prior to the end of the renewal deadline.
Continuing Education
See our Continuing Education Web page for continuing education requirements for license renewal.
Resident Limited Lines
Pursuant to South Dakota Codified Law (SDCL) 58-30-121, resident producers who hold a limited or restricted license shall renew their license.
See our Guidance for Producers Web page for additional information.


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1991 Ford Taurus GL 4dr Wagon
Basically a good car. Hatch lid came
from factory misfitted to car and
cannot be corrected. Air conditioner
and head gaskets replaced at 55,000
miles, but otherwise average on repair.
Holds plenty of cargo. Very fast on
takeoff - plenty of power with the
3.8 engine.
Better ride and gas mileage would be
quite an improvement.
We bought this car hoping that it
would be a reliable family car, and
from the very beginning this car has
given us nothing but problems. Every
month something goes wrong. We have
had to in two years replace just about
every major part (minus the
transmission) of the car. If you want
a car that will run well and be
reliable take your money somewhere
else. Ford Taurus's are terrible
cars. I will never buy a midsize ford
I've noticed most of the good reviews
are in regards to the SHO. SHO may be
a better car; I had a '91 GL Wagon I
bought in '96 with 65K on it. I never
put more than 6K on it per year. I
couldn't, it was never out of the
shop. Whenever I told a mechanic I had
a Taurus, they'd reply, "I'm sorry to
hear that."
There was no end of trouble with
suspension, alignment, and sealed
bearings. The alignment was so bad the
tires went bald on a 500 mile trip and
nearly killed me. After the second
time the transmission went out I'd had
enough. If you get this car, drive it
straight to hell, because that's where
it belongs.
The comfortable interior makes Taurus a
favorite of rental car companies.
Victim compensation to owners and
former owners.
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