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Strange residue in Giannoni heat exchanger
[Deleted User]
October 2009
Gas Heating
Hello, Tim. There is this strange combustion residue build-up happening in gas fired boilers (don't know about propane) with the Giannoni-type heat exchanger which has flat stainless steel coils spaced close together forming a cylindrical combustion chamber. The cylindrical surface burner resides in the middle of this.
The residue looks variously like coffee grounds or mouse droppings. It builds up and blocks flow of combustion gasses, affecting efficiency and soon bringing the boiler to a stop. Some boilers produce a lot of it, some very little.
I can't get the boiler manufacturer to admit knowing what this stuff is or why it should form only in this type of heat exchanger. They tell me it has to be something in the gas as they know this doesn't happen in Europe with the same product.
Do you know?
Tim McElwain
October 2009
I have my theories
about corrosion and coffee grounds along with other residue being found in Giannoni Heat Exchanger Appliances.
1. I feel the using PVC and CPVC venting is causing a reaction on shut down due to residual heat build up and the chloride breaking down due to over temperature in the plastic and then getting getting back into the combustion area. I realize when stating this that plastics are inert but I feel exceeding the maximum temperature of these plastics will cause this breakdown.
2. With DHW (higher temps on condensing/modulating boilers) off the boiler this may increase the likely-hood of this PVC/CPVC breakdown.
3. The failure to carry out yearly maintenance and cleaning of the equipment.
4. Improper installation and piping arrangements
5. Running at constant high temperatures for baseboard applications. There should be outdoor reset on all of these setups along with added baseboard for running at lower temperatures.
6. Failure to properly setup the combustion with an analyzer. Or to strictly following the manufacturers guidelines instead of firing the units at maximum firing rate and observing O2, stack temperatures and CO readings and adjusting throttling controls for proper air entrainment an d maximum efficiency.
7. Poor quality fuels may also cause this with both LP and Natural gas or the mixing of LNG with pipeline distribution gas (natural gas) the LNG perhaps having a higher BTU content.
8. Increased levels of Etyhyl Mercaptan odorant in both natural gas and LP.
9. Is the air from outdoors always pure, sprays for lawns and shrubs and other fertilzers used outdoors getting into the air mix.
I feel it is any of these or a combination of them. I have not heard anything from any manufacturers as to what they think it might be. I would hope perhaps some others here on the Wall may pick up on this posting with perhaps their theories or maybe someone has some tested facts?
Bill Clinton
October 2009
Hi, Tim: I don't see much support for the pvc/cpvc theory. I've been installing condensing heaters (Hydrotherm Pulse, Polaris, and Voyager) with plastic vents for twentyyears and never seen this stuff 'til now.
Failure to perform annual maintenance is not the cause. This stuff can be so bad as to cause ignition failure BEFORE the first annual maintenance is due.
Combustion analysis and proper setup are important, and we do them, and the stuff still appears. Also, we have serviced many of the above named appliances that were way out of adjustment and the stuff isn't there.
You'd think the manufacturers would do some chemical analysis and find out what it is. Maybe they have and they're not telling us.
In the mean time, I'll just use boilers with heat exchangers that don't do this.
Mark Eatherton
October 2009
Just curious Bill....
What mod con have you found that DOESN'T get these byproducts of combustion on them?
The Viessmann's I've worked on get them. Haven't had to service any Triangle Tubes, 'cause they say they don't need serviced annually.
Aluminum boilers get a grey yucky gook in their traps.
Someone was showing pictures of mod cons, specifically Gianonni with crystals growing inside, but he was close to the ocean (west coast), but have talked to east coasters who hadn't seen it.
Am not exactly sure, but I seem to find more junk in boilers operating near high traffic areas. Maybe dust in suspension?
You might try an air filter to see what affect that has, if any. Remember, Glow Core's had filters on them. Maybe they knew something the others don't...
At one point in time, I was told by a manufacturers rep (who shall remain nameless) that it was coming from the heat exchanger, and that it would eventually pin hole and fail.
It's not so much a case of "You got what you paid for", as it is a matter of "You DIDN'T get what you DIDN'T pay for, and you're NOT going to get what you thought you were in the way of comfort". Borrowed from Heatboy.
Tim McElwain
October 2009
edited October 2009
Bill and Mark, I am getting reports
from different folks doing annual maintenance on these units and there are sporadic reports of green deposits, hard mineral like deposits, coffee grounds deposits, dark grey matter in the bottom of the heat exchanger, and stainless steel coils with signs of pitting.
The Ray by the way does have a built in filter for air flow from indoor or outdoors, maybe they know something?
I had one of my students who had an aluminum heat exchanger boiler which he was not aware needed cleaning. He went home from class that night and pulled open his unit, end result he needed a new heat exchanger. It had gone five (5) years with out maintenance
[Deleted User]
October 2009
edited October 2009
Coffee Grounds
Coffee grounds, as explained to me are a result of the target wall being exposed to high humidity in the combustion chamber causing deterioration in the material. Depending on the manufacture these coffee grounds can be very toxic so handle with caution. Common cause is from an obstructed condensate drain or the heat exchanger itself "not the boiler" is leaning forward enough to cause puddling or low flow to the back of the combustion chamber. I have seen level boilers that had a heat exchanger leaning forward enough to cause problems. You must put a torpedo level on the heat exchanger manifold itself to be sure. Ideally kick the heat exchanger back 1/4" to be safe, and make sure that the coffee ground material has not plugged anything up in the condensate system. I had a boiler that this material plugged up the float on a condensate pump and it would not work properly causing intermittent lockouts.
Edit: Yes there is a certain amount of material that will leach out of the stainless during the combustion process, usually seen as hard black specks on the heat exchanger. The leaching has been taken into account in the design of the heat exchanger under normal use and following the recommended flow rates and water quality has an expected life over 15 years and more depending on which Giannoni heat exchanger is used and its application. They offer multiple types and wall thicknesses depending on who they are making the heat exchanger for and its application. Not all Giannoni heat exchangers are the same from manufacture to manufacture.
November 2009
Something new to blame !!!!
The response from Mark is interesting...
"Am not exactly sure, but I seem to find more junk in boilers operating near high traffic areas. Maybe dust in suspension?"
A few years ago there was a 'group' claiming that the rubber that was worn off tires was contributing to: (Fill in the blank_______). They were supposing that because we drive X amount of miles per year times however many cars are out there that all that rubber that is worn off the tires must do something very bad to something. They didn't find any connection to any health concerns, tire particles are inert, but The funny thing is, that they still didn't know where all those rubber particles went. They apparently don't pile up on the side of the road. Hmm...
Tim (the Tire Guy)
[Deleted User]
July 2011
Coffee grounds in giannoni heat exhangers
I agree with Mark that all condensing boilers have some scale on the fireside. I too have noticed some units require cleaning twice a year. The manufacturer said to clean it with CLR (phosphoric acid). I took a cup of it back to the office and stuck a magnet in it. Wow! it is ferrous. The R in CLR is for Rust. My observations are the combustion air pipe is usually in a damp area (flower beds, shrubs and bushes) there may be some extra recirculation of moist air. Although I have not noticed any evidence of moisture in the boiler cabinet. My best guess(and yes that is all it is) the stainless is not as high a grade as it should be, but wait it could be the landscaper using too much moss out on the lawn..... Of course I have not found any magnetic scale particles in an aluminum heat exchanger.
I have found through the years that if a manufacturer minimizes the problems and sells the benefits. So if I hear them say they have a minimal problem, it is probably the weak link in their equipment. The same thing holds true for the installation literature.
July 2011
I Always thought
That the "coffee grounds" were impurities in the gas. If they are in fact magnetic, then it could be from the gas pipe making it's way through the blower/burner..?
[Deleted User]
April 2013
edited April 2013
Gianonni in Europe
The same problem exists in Europe - Here is a photo of a UK heat exchanger 6 months old.
April 2013
that sure looks ferrous
have you put a magnet on it?
[Deleted User]
April 2013
We are carrying out investigations now and will test it and let you know the results.
I have worked at a major boiler manufacturer for 25 years until recently and what is apparent is condensing boilers are OK if you don't use them in the condensing mode.
Aluminium boiler block the heat exchanger after 2-4 years on the combustion side by leeching salts which collects and solidifies. The major suppliers of aluminium heat exchangers are looking at coating the aluminium and I believe Buderus already have this technology.
On the steel boilers with the Gianonni heat exchangers the blocking above and brown condensate is now found to be the norm for boilers in the condensing mode with failures occuring by pin holes after 12 months.
April 2013
Common Sense
When talking about alum HX's. Low PH and Alum = Corrosion and you cannot get away from it. You can though, slow the process down when chemicals. Weil has been providing it with their alum block boiler for quite a few years now. Took them some time to add it, guess the failures began to add up.
I might lean towards Tim's thoughts as to PVC/CPVC venting as a contributor. Stainless steels biggest enemy is Chlorides and when stack temps get elevated for what ever reason (which there are many) I believe chlorides from the PVC/CPVC leaches back to the HX and accelerates corrosion.
To say condensing boilers are OK if they don't condense is in my opinion a foolish statement.
"The bitter taste of a poor installation remains much longer than the sweet taste of the lowest price."
April 2013
Even if the manufacturers discover the PVC and CPVC to be the culprit, don't expect them to own up to it. The "Class Action" law suits would bankrupt them.You'll just begin to notice it disappear from approval, which some will say, should have happened long ago, anyway.
April 2013
Clorides leaching
We have opened my mod-cons installed by after two years. There are no coffee grounds. We did have heat exchanger failures on installs by others. The cause of several was:
Blocked neutraliser, thus flooding the combustion chamber
Exhaust gas recirculation (somehow the utility repair company did not figure it had a problem when in one case, it replaced a dozen hot surface ignitors!)
PVC or CPVC leaching and the coffee grinds were only found here, in boilers that had improper vent and combustion air terminations. The boiler would suck slightly corrosive and warm gases which would release some chlorides. There is so much restriction in the heat exchangers, there is no way that combustion gases and leached chlorides could end up in the heat exchangers.
[Deleted User]
April 2013
The experience I have on the boilers is approximately 400 sites with an average 4 boilers per site split 50/50 Aluminium / Stainless. We changed from the Aluminium boilers 5 years ago due to the combustion side of the heat exchangers blocking u after 3-5 years.
The flue system used have been plastic , aluminium and stainless steel. Stainless steel flue on Aluminium boilers is a known problem as any condensate running back into the boiler that has been in contact with the stainless will attack the Aluminium and cause failures in 6 - 12 months. New boilers have a drain at the flue spigot to overcome this.
On the stainless boiler we have predominately used the manufactures fklue with a plastic liner.
These boilers are used in a special process with water temperature of 20 to 30C on the return which should be ideal for condensing boilers.
Some of the older sites use a primary loop at constant temperature 60C and variable temperature secondary due to mutiple streams and unfortunately do not operate in Condensing mode - It on these sites we have not had a problem with either Aluminum or Stainless hence the comment re condensing mode.
April 2013
Wow, would not have guessed
I completely follow Brownie's statement "condensing boilers are OK if you don't use them in the condensing mode. "
My scenario: I currently service 2 boilers both propane units, installed by others, one is piped old school, that is 4 zones, that is 4 circs and no primary loop just like you would pipe a non condensing. We will call that boiler 1
The other is 2 zones all radiant in the slab it's one level, piped primary secondary. Typically runs at 90 degrees for 6 months at a time. Thats boiler 2
Boiler 1 after 3 years of running needed tuning, customer called and said this thing is thumping a little on take off, so I went there and popped open the heat exchanger, WOW, clean as a whistle. Turns out the installer had pitched the vent pipe the wrong way and it was so long out of the wall that it kept freezing so the customer removed the factory exhaust tip (concentric venting on both units, both units are the same manufacturer) so it was sucking in it's own filthy exhaust air. Fixed vent pipe pitch and tip and did calibration on combustion.
Boiler 2- The first time I showed up the boiler wouldn't run at all and so I pulled apart the Hx and it was full of the coffee grounds and scale junk. I cleaned it thoroughly (I use a toilet brush and water) and it ran great so before adjusting anything I checked the combustion, and it was spot on to the manufacturers spec's. I mean SPOT ON. I assumed it was burning bad and that's what caused the plugged Hx, but 2 years in a row that heavily condensing boiler has plugged solid, so I totally get Brownie's statement.
Montpelier Vt
[Deleted User]
June 2013
Heat Exchanger Deposits
The deposits are magnetic.
June 2013
edited June 2013
Magnetic coffee grounds
If there's no other ferrous material in the fire side of the system, it must be coming out of the stainless HX. That would considerably weaken the HX -- are any of them leaking?
Jean-David Beyer
June 2013
My observations are the combustion air pipe is usually in a damp area
I just measured mine, and the combustion air pipe is 8 feet above the ground, and about 3 feet higher than the deepest snow I remember around here. Since my heat exchanger is aluminium, I do not expect to find ferrous particles in the condensate trap. When the tech comes out each year, he takes the front off the heat exchanger, inspects it, cleans it, replaces the igniter and its gaskets, and replaces the front of the heat exchanger and its gaskets (all new gaskets). He also takes off the condensate trap and examines the crud inside. Nothing I would call coffee grounds. The first year, he was a little alarmed at what it looked like, and had it analyzed for aluminium. There was a little, but nothing to worry about he said. In the next few times there was next to nothing in the condensate trap.
This spell checker insists it is using the US English dictionary, but it seem to be using a British one. Color or colour? Advertizement or Advertisement? Nope: it is using British.
[Deleted User]
June 2013
Heat Exchanger Deposits
I have not yet come across any heat exchanger's leaking yet due to the deposits and some of the installations are now > 5 years old which is the manufacturers warranty period in the UK. The contamination causes the boiler to automatically down rate due the back pressure in the combustion chamber, the normal symptoms indicating a problem are flame failure on start up. Once the heat exchanger is cleaned the boiler works fine until the next service.
[Deleted User]
June 2013
Post purge?
Has anyone tried to increase the timing on the inducer when the boilers shut down?
Anytime I had any gas induced draft appliance or forced draft, if the post-purge wasn't at least 3 minutes there were problems.
This cannot be provided by the manufacturer because of the penalty deduction from their AFUE rating.
This is hard to do on variable speed inducers but most here are smart enough to figure it out.
June 2013
So where is the iron coming from?
I'm genuinely curious.
[Deleted User]
June 2013
Slo-mo post purge
I know on IBC and Cleaver-Brooks Clearfires that after burner shut down and a regular post purge the fans go into super slo-mo post purge mode for around an hour to 90 minutes. Correct me if I'm wrong but I believe this is to keep any humid/condensate laden air from going back into the fan, as well as to slowly drive this humid air out so conditions are more favourable for the next burner ignition. This is supposed to really help reduce fan failures over time apparently. Do any other manufacturers do this?
Class 'A' Gas Fitter - Certified Hydronic Systems Designer - Journeyman Plumber
[Deleted User]
June 2013
Me too
Has anyone sent these heat exchangers (when they fail) to a metallurgist for investigation? The Giannoni heat exchangers if I'm not mistaken have 0.7 mm thick tube walls so theres not much beef there to deal with any corrossion issues.
If I recall correctly from training a few years ago, IBC sent a 12 year old heat exchanger (downfiring water coil design made of 316ti Titanium stabilized stainless steel, Giannoni's use 316L stainles steel) to a metallurgist for analysis to assess how it was standing up and it only came back with only some micropitting which is basically the equivilent to virtually nothing.
Class 'A' Gas Fitter - Certified Hydronic Systems Designer - Journeyman Plumber
[Deleted User]
June 2013
Pvc or cpvc?
Was that above boiler vented with PVC or cpvc? Do they have PVC or cpvc in the UK for venting?
Class 'A' Gas Fitter - Certified Hydronic Systems Designer - Journeyman Plumber
[Deleted User]
June 2013
Gianonni in Europe
The Giannoni heat exchanger we are using were assumed to be 316 grade but enquiries with the manufacturer have revealed they are 304 grade. It may be that the grade has changed for commercial reasons and that is why the problems are now being observed.
[Deleted User]
June 2013
Interesting -a quick search does indicate some manufacturers are using 304L S/S Giannoni heat exchangers. I believe most in the USA that use the Giannoni are 316L though (correct me if I'm wrong). I know the 316L is supposed to be better than 304L in general but we still don't know where the accumulation is coming from.
I know on Vitodens heat exchanges, and IBC heat exchangers, they see the same or similar type of accumulation over time (although I've never see one that plugged or that bad as the one pictured). It would be interesting to have this debris compared to see what differences there are between boilers/types of heat exchangers as some use different variations or types of stainless (439, 316ti). If it is the same chemical make up then it points towards combustion or condensate related impurities or issues, perhaps Mercaptain, or sulfur, where some reaction is occuring that creates it. Or is it indeed a stainless steel phenomenon and not present in aluminum heat exchangers like on the Buderus?
Class 'A' Gas Fitter - Certified Hydronic Systems Designer - Journeyman Plumber
[Deleted User]
October 2013
Coffe Grinds...
Just ran into this thread -- hoping some are still following. I design heating systems -- for about 28 years now -- recommend various manufacturers of boilers and have had a rather tainted past with the condensing boilers. Here is what I have gathered...
The grinds are a mix of the ferrous elements of the stainless exchangers (manufacturers have had them analyzed) -- foreign particles in the air - little effect to them - dirties up the burners though. Some have said the sulphur from the gas -- some have said the refractory -- I'm leaning more and more to the stainless. All I have ever vented with is stainless and I've had lots of issues so I can't give the CPVC thing too much myself.
I have definitely seen the boilers running low temp infloor (condensing) fill up 2 or 3 times a year -- the boilers running up 160df and up -- all clear.
The refractories in the back soak up moisture big time -- lots of failures...
Interesting to me -- the boiler models with the burners in the top of the "double exchanger" don't seem to me to give the same level of effect -- drier top exchanger?? I can't say I've seen enough triple exchangers yet to compare top to bottom operational differences.
I like the note on the purging -- very interesting idea I'll have to try. I've not noted the extra long purge time on anything unless they promote common venting (one of the worst ideas in my mind - typically nothing but heartache from my point of view)
Aluminum exchangers -- I'll agree with all the above -- pro's and cons.
Sorry for the run on -- this has plagued me for a while - refreshing to see the other notes - anxious to find a solution (other than stop using Giannoni's)
[Deleted User]
October 2013
For what it's worth...
I find the mouse turd/coffee grounds more abundant in boilers that condense regularly; like those with outdoor temp compensation and connected to radiant systems. The grounds are laying on the top of the burner, and piled up in the bottom of the exchanger. Boilers set to 180 degrees don't pile up near as much. But they get stubborn scale buildup.
[Deleted User]
October 2013
Heat Exchanger Deposits
We have been investigating the deposits in the UK and a large number of sites by comparing hours run and mode of operation. We have only found the deposits on sites where the boiler operates in the condensing mode and on high use sites the boilers have required cleaning every 1500 hours of operation which ties in with previous comments. The gas supplied is from several different sources so it tends to discount this as an external influence. Again it appears to be a chemical reaction with the stainless steel that is left as the cause. With regards to the refractory absorbing moisture we have experienced several failures of the refractory with a tide mark visible, this is because the deposits are washing through and blocking the condensate trap causing the boilers to fill with condensate causing boiler faults with loss of flame during operation. We have experienced burner bar failures due to the deposits glowing red hot and radiating back on to the burner, inspection of the burners shows the inner galvanised baffle has melted, leading to light back and then failure of the outer burner tube. We have not yet had a heat exchanger failure due to the problem and the field stock is up to 7 years old. We have hd no response from Giannomi and have had to accept the issue is managed by maintenance.
[Deleted User]
October 2013
Coffee Grinds...
Thanks for the input Brownie99 -- have you noticed by chance any correlation between exchanger materials -- some folks use 316Ti as opposed to the 316L -- have you seen the same deposit issues in any of them?? If I look up the 316Ti material properties it definitely seems to be able to handle the high temperatures better and may not succumb to the loss of the ferrous element.
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How Little They'll Miss Him
After all these months of waiting for Kwame Kilpatrick to finally go away, the Detroit city council is in no hurry to find his replacement, ...
After all these months of waiting for Kwame Kilpatrick to finally go away, the Detroit city council is in no hurry to find his replacement, the Free Press reports:
The Detroit City Council unanimously decided [Tuesday] to delay action for a week on whether to schedule a special election to fill the remainder of resigning Mayor Kwame Kilpatrick's term.Council members had been expected to take up a plan to hold a special primary Feb. 24 and a special general election May 5.
But with no action needed until December, council members said they wanted to get more legal analysis about their options from the city's Law Department and council attorneys.
There have been concerns about the $3 million cost of a special election when 2009 will see regular elections for mayor anyway.
"I think there are a lot of different ramifications for us to consider," said Council President Pro Tem Monica Conyers. "Some people want a court opinion to see if it's beneficial for us to spend $6 million on elections in one year."
Said Councilwoman Sheila Cockrel: "Let's wait a week or two. It's not like if this doesn't happen today the bottom falls out of the policy issue."
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subset: commoncrawl


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We'll respond shortly.
I recently had an opportunity to work on a relatively high-profile project with a crazy timeline. A coworker and I spoke with the client for the first time around lunchtime on a Friday, and the client needed a completed website, complete with a relatively sophisticated design (which had, at that moment, not yet been delivered by the designer) and a relatively sophisticated data model, by mid-day the coming Monday. That's 72 hours to build and skin a fully functioning website.
I realize that "fully functioning" doesn't tell you much about the scope of the project, but we live in a world of non-disclosure agreements. Suffice to say, it was a non-trivial amount of work.
Keeping in mind that the two of us had already worked 36 hours of our 40-hour work week on other projects, we agreed to take on the project. Between the two of us we worked about 60 hours that weekend, most of it solo, and had the site finished at start of business Monday morning. This might not seem particularly heroic (particular to anyone who writes software for the game industry), but keep in mind that at Pivotal we believe strongly in the concept of sustainable pace; we really do work eight hour days, five days a week. People working late at Pivotal is relatively unusual; people working weekends is almost unheard of.
The thing that struck me about this project was that I enjoyed it. I had a little rush of excitement when I agreed to give up my weekend and work late into the night as necessary. Even as I was doing it, bleary-eyed and mentally dull, I felt the high of accomplishment.
I spent the next several days trying to get my sleep schedule back to normal, and feeling generally tired and worn out. At the same time the two of us on the project spent a fair bit of our time, unsurprisingly, regretting some of the decisions we had made while working late into the night. Also during that week I came to something of a startling realization: I'm an addict.
I knew when we agreed to work on the project that the amount of sleep I would lose would make me miserable. I also knew that putting in a bunch of time over the weekend would mean starting work the next week without a day off, without time to do the non-work things I need to get done. More directly, while I was working on the project when I hadn't taken a break all day and hadn't slept the night before I knew my focus was poor, I knew my decision-making skills were compromised, and I knew I was prone to cutting corners I shouldn't have cut; I consciously thought these things to myself at the time. And yet, I continued to work, without taking a break.
I don't claim to be an expert on the psychology of addiction, but I do know that I've met a lot of people with drug and alcohol problems in the past. Lots of them talk about how they know that drinking/shooting up/huffing/whatever is hurting them, and hurting their friends and family, but they do it anyway. Because they're addicted.
How many programmers work past the point of fatigue at which they can continue to make effective design decisions, to clearly think through scenarios, or to correctly differentiate between a reasonable trade-off and a regrettable hack? How many do so when they know their judgement is compromised, because they're getting their fix of problem solving?
Proponents of "flow," like Joel Spolsky (whose credentials for "writing great software" appear to be a summer internship at Microsoft and a silver tongue) will tell you this is a good thing; starting the flow of a great programmer takes so much effort you want it to go on for as long as possible. I'm not convinced; I know when I'm sharp and when I'm not, and I don't even trust myself to stop the magic when I'm not doing my best work. And, this is a bit like an alcoholic explaining the health benefits of vodka.
Addicts most commonly manage their addictions by talking with other addicts. Maybe that's an as yet unheralded benefit of pair programming: someone to cut you off when you've had one too many.
Good points. — About me: I have a family. They wouldn't let me. (But I usually stay away from extremes) — Stephan
Really awesome story. Don't know that I would have taken the project, but then, I'm not an addict.
Knowing someone who went though AA and NA, they talk about "addictive personalities", meaning that a person may kick one habit, only to replace it with another. The implication is that a person swaps a drug addiction for an alcohol addiction, or gambling, etc. Things that have a negative connotation to them. I think people can be addicted to "good" things too.
I once wrote this after working ridiculous hours to meet a deadline:
> A place where people work late not because they have to, but because they want to do good work and deliver on time. It's a euphoric feeling to be at work the same time the next day as when you got there and to want to work the rest of the day.
The magic came from making the choice. We committed to the feature set, our reputation, our pride was on the line. We did it, not because someone told us to, but because it was the only way we could come to work and hold our heads high.


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A human resource analyst uses various techniques and computer programs to analyze data related to their organization's human resources department. They collect, analyze, and use this data to provide management with valuable information on how to attract better candidates, how to better motivate current employees, how to address current staffing issues, and how to meet laws and regulations related to staffing.Read More...
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To become a human resource analyst, a bachelor's degree is required, usually in human resources, industrial psychology, business, or a related field. In addition, employers frequently request candidates have two to five years of experience working in human resources. Also, most human resource analysts are expected to be familiar with Human Resources Information System (HRIS) software.
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As Human Resources Analysts transition into upper-level roles such as Human Resources Director, they may see a strong upturn in salary. Human Resources Directors earn $79K on average per year. More often than not, a Human Resources Manager role is the next step for Human Resources Analysts moving up in the field. Human Resources Managers usually make $58K per year. Many other Human Resources Analysts choose to take on a Human Resources Generalist role, where salaries are typically $47K.
Human Resources Analysts seem to wield many skills on the job. Most notably, skills in Project Management, Human Resources Information System, Benefits & Compensation, and Employee Relations are correlated to pay that is above average. Skills that pay less than market rate include Spanish Language, Windows Operating System General Use, and Microsoft Word. Most people experienced in Microsoft Excel also know Data Analysis and Human Resources Information System (HRIS).
Median of all compensation (including tips, bonus, and overtime) by years of experience.
Those in the early stages of their career can expect to make around $51K; however, individuals with five to 10 years of experience bring in $56K on average — a distinctly larger sum. Human Resources Analysts who work for 10 to 20 years in their occupation tend to earn about $60K. People who have worked for 20 years or more actually report earning less than people who are in the middle of their careers; the veterans take home a mere $58K by contrast.
Boston is home to an above-average pay rate for Human Resources Analysts, 27 percent higher than the national average. Human Resources Analysts will also find cushy salaries in San Francisco (+27 percent), Washington (+21 percent), Chicago (+19 percent), and New York (+13 percent). Compared to the national average, Nashville Human Resources Analysts have considerably lower salaries, 31 percent below the national average to be exact. Location appears to be a major driving force in pay for those in this profession. Employers also pay below the national average in Seattle (4 percent lower) and Cincinnati (3 percent lower).
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- German Candy Co. Pulls 'Blackface' Licorice Off Shelves After Complaints
- Haribo is removing blackfaced licorice from production, following customer complaints that the candy was racist in nature, The Local reports. SEE ALSO: Female Inmates Sexually Abused At Ala. Prison.
- Our picks: Kate's Royal Tour wardrobe
- KATE IN EMILIA WICKSTEAD: In the past Kate has favoured a range of stunning pieces by New Zealand-born, London-based designer Emilia Wickstead. OUR PREDICTIONS: Some highlights from Emilia Wickstead's A/W 2013-2014 collection - appropriate ...
- This lunacy about Latin makes me want to weep with rage
- Being an even-tempered fellow, and given that we have already put up with so much nonsense from the Labour Government, I find there are very few ministerial pronouncements that make me wild with anger. We have learnt to be phlegmatic about the ...
- Black Death? Why You Should Take It Easy On That Licorice
- Halloween is upon us, and this means several things for parents. Besides last minutes costume adjustments for demanding children it also means attempting to stem the tide of candy about to wash over your child.
Licorace is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Licorace books and related discussion.
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1le owners getting the shaft?
View Single Post
Drives: 2013 2SS 1LE NPP GBE
Join Date: Sep 2012
Location: Bay Area, online, & in my 1LE
Posts: 2,558
View My Garage
Originally Posted by
This made me laugh... it's not too far from the truth though.
True story I noticed a warning label on the wife's curling iron... something along the lines of "keep this out of your eyes it can burn them" seriously....
Sent from my friggin Droid by two thumbs using Tapatalk 2 or whatever the ish it's called....
Omg. That is hilarious. I always thought putting a hot curling iron into my eye socket was something I'd try one day. You burst my bubble.
With all the environmental friendliness in the world, I wonder if anyone calculated the environment impact and cost of coffee cozzy's and plastic lids that coffee shops are mandated to give us since that idiot sued McDonald's for burning himself / herself on hot coffee. If I were the spokesperson for Mickey D's I would have said, "We are sorry you had an accident, we did a market survey and 100 out of 100 people preferred their hot coffee ... Wait for it ... HOT!"
Back to topic. Chevy can and should release whatever they want. Someone on this thread offered to buy our 1LE's at 50% depreciated value.
I figure before 2016 or whenever all cars have to be super high mileage by gov mandate it means we bought at the right time. I'm going to enjoy the next (last?) three years.
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Pound-for-pound boxing king Manny Pacquiao has hit it big in the singing world with a remake of Dan Hill's 1978 single, "Sometimes When We Touch."
Pacquiao's version of the classic has become a bit of a YouTube phenomenon, gaining millions of hits over the past few months.
The single even charted on the Secondary Adult Contemporary Chart for a short time.
But boxing has had its fair share of interesting musicians, who could sing, rap, and orchestrate circles around Pacquiao.
Check out the five boxers who sing better than Manny Pacquiao.


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Newegg.com - A great place to buy computers, computer parts, electronics, software, accessories, and DVDs online. With great prices, fast shipping, and top-rated customer service - once you know, you Newegg.
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This review is from: Corsair Dominator Triple Channel Airflow Memory Fan (CMXAF2)
Pros: When it worked, it worked very well. Don't know how effective it is, I bought it for the cool factor. Most RAM don't need active cooling anyway. Looks good with my watercooling setup.
Cons: Had the 5 minutes of loud buzzing that other users described and then quieted down. Sometimes if it lasts longer, I hit the side of the case and it quiets down. I can tell one of the motors is dying because its been spinning intermittently and I can smell a burning smell. I'm not going to RMA it. After I uninstalled it, my system became much quieter.
Other Thoughts: It works, it looks cool, but it has its share of problems. It does make you system noise a little louder.READ FULL REVIEW
This review is from: Corsair Dominator Triple Channel Airflow Memory Fan (CMXAF2)
Pros: Looks good, keeps air circulating around the memory. Matches the inside of my case.
Cons: Starting up the fan blades tend to hit the sides. A quick bump of the side of the case usually eliminates that or it goes away. Thing collects dust like mad. I can hear it over my other fans (minus the GPU).
Attaching apparatus feels really weak, but trust me, it stays on there unless you move it. Kind of expensive for two small fans, but its designed for Corsair Dominator series RAM.
Other Thoughts: I wish there was an easy way to install LEDs into it, but a little modification, it can be done.READ FULL REVIEW
This review is from: Western Digital Black WD1002FAEX 1TB 7200 RPM 64MB Cache SATA 6.0Gb/s 3.5" Internal Hard Drive Bare Drive
Pros: Lot of space. Fairly quick. I've got two of them in RAID 0, with 3 partitions. I've got a lot of important data on them, but i've also got a disk image just incase they fail.
They're cheap for the amount of space they provide. Much cheaper than SSDs.
Cons: Not as fast as I hoped. Sometimes if your computer is idling, they'll have to spin up before I can access the file system. They sound like commercial jet engines starting up, which can be good or bad depending on whether you like the sound. I don't think they're that loud, but my computer fans are whisper silent, so you can hear them over the rest of my computer.
Other Thoughts: Bare drive is all you get. Drive in a static bag in a bubblewrap envelop. Minimal packaging is good.READ FULL REVIEW


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Hope you're alive and well in Friday-Saturday contests at DraftKings after two exciting NBA playoff games last night. I didn't expect a career effort from Channing Frye (7-for-9 from deep, 27 points) but congratulations if you used him at the rock-bottom $2000 salary. [Read more…]
DraftKings Advice: How To Build Today's Lineup Around Dwyane Wade; Win $2,000 Free
It's a four-game NBA Saturday, starting at 3:00 Eastern with the Raptors at Indiana. Game Three was all Toronto, thanks to DeMarre Carroll $3700. Playing 35 energetic minutes on his surgically-repaired knee, he not only scored 15 points, he held Paul George $9100 to 6-for-19 shooting. [Read more…]
Sprung: Raptors Players Analyze Potential Playoff Showdown With Cavs
While the Golden State Warriors chase their 73rd win and fans and pundits around the NBA fantasize about a possible Western Conference finals matchup against San Antonio or Oklahoma City, there's only really one Eastern Conference finals matchup people are looking forward to: Cleveland vs. Toronto. After being swept by Washington in last year's first round and having not won a playoff series in 15 years, most Raptors players had little to no interest in discussing a potential clash with the
Sheridan: Obsession Over LeBron's Twitter Unfollow Disses Raptors
LeBron James supposedly unfollowed the Cavs on his Twitter and Instagram accounts. And this is major news. You know, in this business all journalists are supposed to be neutral. Sportswriters go to practices, attend games, speak to the players in locker rooms and tell stories based upon that special access. Once everyone has fulfilled their obligations, the players and the media get to go about their normal lives until reconvening again the next day … then the next … and the
Bernucca: Are the Hawks Finally Flying Again?
Last season, the Atlanta Hawks were one of the NBA's best regular-season stories, winning 60 games. This season, they needed almost 60 games to remember what winning is. After their best season since moving to Atlanta nearly 50 years ago, the Hawks have spent most of this season spurting and sputtering. They got off to a 7-1 start, which many took as a good sign considering they were a measly 7-6 out of the gate last season. There was a six-game
Sprung: Raptors Have Defense, Components To Make Deep Playoff Run
After 55 games, the Toronto Raptors have the same 37-18 record that they had last year. So why will this team avoid the disappointment the Raptors had a year ago? The 2014-2015 Raptors finished the regular season 12-15 and were mercilessly swept by Washington in the first round. Toronto hasn't won a playoff series since the 2000-2001 season, when this columnist was in the seventh grade. So why and how is this Toronto team a legit contender, perhaps the only contender, who
Sprung: What Has Gone Right and Wrong for Eastern Conference Contenders
For the first time in roughly two decades, the Eastern Conference is better than the Western Conference from top to bottom. Nine East teams are at .500 or better – nearly twice as many teams as last season, when sixth-seeded Milwaukee finished 41-41. And the East actually has a winning record against the West this season at 100-98 What changed so quickly from last season, when articles were written about how there was the greatest disparity in conference strength in recent memory? "I
Scotto: NBA Season's First Quarter Observations
We're a quarter of the way through the regular season and the NBA landscape has shifted dramatically. Kobe Bryant is retiring after this season and wants to be remembered as a "talented overachiever" when it's all said and done. Meanwhile, Bryant's Los Angeles Lakers (3-15) trail only the Philadelphia 76ers (1-19) for the league's worst record. With every loss, the Lakers grow closer to keeping their top-three protected draft pick and potentially land top prospect Ben Simmons. On the flip side, the Golden


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About Old City House
features creative cuisine, spiced with variety, in a casually elegant dining atmosphere. Located in a beautifully restored 19th century building, the Old City House offers it's guests the chance to experience a personal selection of world cuisine in a Mediterranean atmosphere. Only the finest ingredients are used and all entrees are prepared to order featuring fresh seafood, pasta, beef, lamb, and pork. The intimate and charming dining room is conducive to a relaxed, comfortable meal which is served by a knowledgeable and professional wait staff.
Dining Style:
Casual Dining
Contemporary American
Hours of Operation:
Lunch Tuesday -Saturday 11:30am-2:30pm; Sunday 11:30-2:00
Dinner: Monday -Thursday 5:00pm-9:00pm, Friday - Saturday: 5:00pm-10:00pm
Sunday 4:30-8:00
Cross Street:
king st. & Cordova st.
Dress Code:
Casual Dress
Price Range:
$31 to $50
Payment Options
AMEX, Discover, MasterCard, Visa
Phone Number:
(904) 826-0113
Banquet, Bar Dining, Bar/Lounge, Beer, Corkage Fee, Full Bar, Non-Smoking, Outdoor Smoking Area, Private Room, Wine
Old City House Ratings and Reviews
We have always passed by Old City House ...
We have always passed by Old City House and thought it looked like a place we would like to try for dinner. We wanted to go to St. Augustine on the spur of the moment to celebrate our Anniversary and decided we would ty the restaurant. We had great service with a knowledgeable waiter and the menu was varied and enticing. It's a small place and there were other diners but it remained quiet and easy enough to chat comfortably. Overall, the food was excellent, the service was great and the setting was perfect for old St. Augustine.
Nothing stood out at this restaurant. D ...
Nothing stood out at this restaurant. Do not understand these other reviews. Grant you it was August and very slow. We were the only table occupied in the restaurant and one other to follow. One server poured our water as soon as we arrived and spilled it without bothering to clean it up. It seemed as if there was annoyance that anyone showed up. The food was not very tasty either. I had the pork chop. To top off the night since the restaurant closed at 8 pm on a Sunday we were not offered dessert and the music was shut off. The time was 730. Don't waste your time here. Place needs sprucing too. Chairs were old.
The food was amazing, waitress (Peggy) i ...
The food was amazing, waitress (Peggy) is always the best - efficient, fun and beautifully kind. Have already recommended to some friends who have never had the pleasure of enjoying a meal at Old City House. Extra bonus is free parking. This is unusual for downtown Saint Augustine.
Menu not update with online menus. Under ...
Menu not update with online menus. Undertrained staff, server didn't know the whole menu, ingredients nor quantities per plate. Got a raw Scallop. Not impressed with Menu. Not impressed with food. Very Overpriced place. I have no problem to pay for good quality food, I understand this place isn't Norman's or Victoria & Albert (and far from Robuchon). Price should be cut in 1/2.
We were celebrating my birthday. Got ou ...
We were celebrating my birthday. Got our favorite table in the corner by the window. Nice and quite and romantic. Robin was our server and she was delightful. Took time to explain the dishes and also chatted with us briefly in between courses. The restaurant was built in the late 18th century so lots of atmosphere.
This visit I had the Crab Bisque and my wife had Gazpacho - both were delicious. I had the Cod and Scallop main with a datil pepper cream sauce - among the best fish dishes I've had. My wife had the beef tenderloin and it was very tender and delicious. We enjoyed a glass of wine and they surprised us with a special dessert for my birthday. It was a wonderful evening and we'll definitely go back.
Great atmosphere for quiet dining and vi ...
Great atmosphere for quiet dining and visiting with friends, and attentive service. Everything besides the entree is extra, including coffee. Only improvement suggestion would be a better selection of wines by the glass--$9 for house wine is steep, and there were only 2-3 alternatives.
My wife and I met a friend there for din ...
My wife and I met a friend there for dinner on Fathers Day and were very pleasantly surprised. The place had interesting décor, the wait staff was knowledgeable pleasant and patient and the food was outstanding. My wife and I travel a lot and we have become numb to all the chain restaurants so we are always looking for something local that is interesting with good food. This is it for St. Augustine FL! There are many good restaurants in St. Augustine but from now on when we want someplace that is casual and easy paced with outstanding food and service, this is it. Be sure to ask for Mack (our waiter - he was excellent)!
Old City Inn
This small intimate dinning spot is a great find in St. Augustine. The menu covers all tastes and from our selections it appears the chef has mastered them all. Our wait staff was very attentive and helpful. Though the room is relative small about every table was taken; yet the noise level was never a problem. If we are ever back in St. A's this will be on the top of our choices for dinner.
What a great find.Have lived in St.Augus ...
What a great find.Have lived in St.Augustine for a little over a year and have been eating out quite a bit. There are many good restaurants in St Augustine, but this was the very best so far. The ambiance is great and the food and service outstanding and worth the price. IF the owners keep up this high standard we will be back many times
Weekend in St. augustine
We were looking for a place with atmosphere and great food and service, we got it all at The Old City Inn and Restaurant. Our waiter, Alberto, was knowledgeable and attentive, yet didn't hurry us. The food was excellent. My wife said the duck was the best she has ever had. We can't wait to go back the next time we get to St. Augustine.
Worst dining experience - it took 1 1/2 ...
Worst dining experience - it took 1 1/2 hours to get our meal. Tables that had arrived after we were seated, received their dinner AND desert and we still had not been served our meal! The potato au gratin looked like all the chef did was slice a potato and put cheese on top (there was an inch of grease in this dish)
A bad day for a good restaurant?
Perhaps because it was Mothers' Day, we had a very poor experience here. We were given a special Mothers' Day menu rather than their usual menu. This was fine with us. I decided on the stuffed flounder but found that they were out of this dish even though it was only 6:30 in the evening. After I made a second choice, we actually started out well. My salad had an interesting sundried tomato dressing and fresh greens. My husband enjoyed the chicken mousse. My entree salmon was good but not great. I think the mustard sauce on it would have gone better with the original flounder dish. The real disaster was my husband's pork osso bucco. It was was over-cooked and irregularly warm and cold. Close to the bone, it was very cold. My husband guessed that it had been pre-cooked, frozen and badly warmed in a microwave. We told the waiter about the problem but had to request that it be removed from our bill since more than half of it was inedible. From a restaurant of reputation for fine dining, we expected better.
Four of us were seated immediately. Serv ...
Four of us were seated immediately. Service was professional and attentive. One of us had the special honey Dijon salmon, which he described as "the best salmon have ever had". My steak was prepared medium rare as requested, and was tender and flavorful. I enjoyed the key lime pie dessert with a Toblerone crust. The only flaw was that our four dinners were not served at the same time - my steak a couple of minutes after the first two dinners, then the salmon came several minutes later. But that didn't seem to be a pattern at nearby tables.
The Old City House is a gem!
My wife and I were so extremely fortunate to have stayed at their inn, in a lovely room, and equally fortunate to have thoroughly enjoyed their fine restaurant for an excellent dinner, but also for a lovely 'b &b' brunch, as this restaurant also serves as the dining room of the Inn.
There's a nice wine list and excellent service, as well as a full bar.
Charming, romantic setting
My husband and I wanted to walk around St. Augustine so we searched the open table app for restaurants. This restaurant was part of an Inn and was absolutely charming. Great place for a date night. Intimate, I felt like we were at a table all by ourselves in the restaurant. There were several diners but you did not hear them and my husband and I were able to converse without yelling. Our server was great even took the time to stuff our green olives with blue cheese for our martini's upon our request! The food was VERY good although I felt just a tad pricey. We had an enjoyable evening.
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Organizations have incentives to monitor their payroll operations. In addition to fraud that drains resources, there are regulations governing taxes, employment, and data privacy that carry legal and financial consequences for noncompliance. Payroll audits confirm payroll accuracy, identify weak links in payroll processing, and ensure that compensation procedures and policies minimize risk. They also serve as a cross-check that previous audit findings were addressed. Whether conducted by an internal team or an outside auditing firm, payroll audit checklists cover key categories.
Verify Employment Records
Payroll centers around each employee's master file and the organization's record of a worker's assigned pay rate. Factors that are taken into account include employee number, benefit eligibility, employment status, and year-to-date earnings. Payroll audits compare file contents against issued pay, track changes and change authorizations, and review security measures such as access. A master file audit also confirms that only active, eligible employees are being paid, and reviews the timeliness of employee separation transactions.
Examine Payroll Liabilities
A payroll auditor wants to ensure that gross pay and any paycheck deductions have been correctly calculated. Tax withholding, retirement contributions, benefit premiums, and garnishments must be verified. Auditors review salary advances and loans to employees, noting the existence of written policy, adequate documentation, and administrative checks and balances. Bonuses and commissions get cross-checked against sales and incentive programs and applicable policies and procedures. Deferred compensation, such as paid holidays taken in a different pay period, also merit an auditor's attention.
Monitor Timekeeping Transactions
Hours worked must be documented, either on paper or electronically, in order for employees to be paid properly. Paid time off may be linked to hours on the job, requiring an audit of sick pay, personal leave, paid military leave, and vacation days. The timekeeping aspect of a payroll audit will reveal overpayments, underpayments, and discrepancies in sign-off procedures that have been put in place to reduce dishonest time reporting.
Verify Employment Expenses
Padded expense reports that inflate payroll cost and possibly violate Internal Revenue Service regulations can be uncovered in a payroll audit. In addition to ensuring that reimbursement requests adhere to company policy and approval procedure, payroll auditors verify receipts and calculate the expense totals for accuracy. Reviewing the accounts or cost centers that correspond to payments for travel and other employment expenses ensures that financial statements present accurate values for cost of goods sold, labor and inventory.
- Southeastern Pennsylvania Chapter American Payroll Association : Auditing for Continuous Process Improvements
- Orion Law: Employee Master File
- McGraw Hill Higher Education: Chapter 12 Auditing the Human Resource Management Process
- HR Audit Checklists; Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
- Slippery Rock University: Payroll Office; Payroll Auditing
- Forbes: Payroll Fraud - A Big Threat and How to Avoid It
- The Institute for Internal Auditors: Travel And Expense Reimbursement
- Photo Credit LDProd/iStock/Getty Images
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Fiction Pick of the Week: "Maps and Legends"
Hallucinations and peculiar memories of a dead spouse.
Great new articles, every day.
Read offline on iPhone and iPad.
Hallucinations and peculiar memories of a dead spouse.
The sprouting of seeds and an uncle's connection to his niece.
An obsession with stones propels a woman from childhood to adulthood.
A family disintegration, past and present.
A whale permeates a series of culture clashes.
The downfall of a Jesuit school prefect.
A bear in human woman skin ventures into the city.
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Fiction Sponsored
Reflections from a bird and a mascot.
A conversation with (and memories of) an unscrupulous bar owner.
Childhood lies and truthful, uncomfortable memories.
A girls' camp nature walk takes an unusual, grotesque turn.
Dead bodies and small town sexual identity.
The reappearance of an adult woman's imaginary friend from childhood.
A terminally ill journalist deals with a variety of setbacks.
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A lonely young man fumbles toward love and acceptance, with disastrous results.
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Life problems imagined as fantasies.
A woman picks up her father's ashes at a funeral home.
Unspoken issues grip a couple's dinner along the Mississippi River.


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Tuffy Tire & Auto Service is excited to partner with BCCA for the month of October in honor of breast cancer awareness.
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Sunday night, May 20th, the Simpsons will air their 400th and season finale episode. Called "24 Minutes", this event will be done in 24 style complete with multi frames and nerve-wracking ticking. Guest stars Kiefer Sutherland and Mary Lynn Rajskub will play their Monday night alter egos, Jack Bauer and Chloe O'Brian.
Seems like Springfield Elementary has set up a CTU of its own. Yes the educational mecca of Springfield for lo these last 18 seasons now runs a Counter Truancy Unit, manned by CTU agents Bart and Lisa Simpson. Set up by Principal Skinner, the CTU faces uncertain times as rumors of a stink bomb to be detonated during a school bake sale has everyone on edge. Or, as "on-edge" as a cartoon character could be.
- Jack Bauer — Bart Simpson
- Chloe O'Brian — Lisa Simpson
- Vice President Daniels — Chief Wiggum
- Tom Lennox — Waylon Smithers
- President Wayne Palmer — Carl Carlson
- Bill Buchanan — Principal Seymour Skinner
- Karen Hayes — Edna Krabappel
- Terri Bauer — Maude Flanders
- Kim Bauer — Christian Charity
- Phillip Bauer — Montgomery Burns
- Graem Bauer — Krusty the Clown
- Josh Bauer — Milhouse Van Houten
- Mike Doyle — Groundskeeper Willy
- Milo Pressman — Apu Nahasapeemapetilon
- Morris O'Brian — Dr. Julius Hibbert
- Edgar Stiles — Comic Book Guy
- Cheng Zhi — The Great Humungous
- Any Fox News Reporter — Kent Brockman
- Nina Meyers — Patty Bouvier
- TAC Team — Rod and Tod Flanders
- Audrey Raines — Marge Simpson
- Erin Driscoll — Judge Constance Harm
- Ex President Logan — Sideshow Bob
- Former Sec-Def Heller — Mayor Quimby
- Assorted Goons & Hostiles — Kang and Kodos
These pairings could be rearranged all sorts of ways, what would your ideal portrayals be? And while you are mentally re-writing the scripts for both 24 and The Simpsons, don't forget to tune in to Fox on the 20th to see how it all goes down.Powered by Sidelines


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Rio De Janeiro Important Colleges
A selection of articles related to rio de janeiro important colleges.
Original articles from our library related to the Rio De Janeiro Important Colleges. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Rio De Janeiro Important Colleges.
- A Treatise on Astral Projection, Part 4: More Rope Techniques
- ROPE is a very effective projection technique, but it still has to be learned to be effective. I would like to elaborate on a couple of points about the technique, inspired by the feedback I have received so far. There is NO visualization required - AT ALL -...
Parapsychology >> Astral Projection
- What is Hypnosis?
- Hypnosis refers to just about any situation where we respond to verbal suggestions in a particular special way. This involves a mentally very flexible condition where our imagination and fantasy are more free and more vivid. A series of instructions, called...
Parapsychology >> Hypnosis
- The Religious Experience: A Wiccan Viewpoint
- What is religion? Religion is a set of beliefs which allow us to understand and categorize our world and our place in it. A set of beliefs which define our culture, our expectations, our views of people and behaviors we expect. I have found several different...
Religion & Philosophy >> Religions
- Morrison, Dorothy
- Dorothy is a Wiccan High Priestess of the Georgian tradition and an avid practitioner of the ancient arts for over 20 years. She teaches the Craft to students throughout the US and in Australia. Her interests include archery and bowhunting, magical herbalism,...
Real Interviews >> Authors
- The Pagan Origins Of Christian Mythology
- The Judeo-Christian religions were founded in a region of the world where savior religions existed for thousands of years. Much of the symbolism and many of the stories in the Bible may be traced to earlier myths of the Persians, Egyptians, and other people...
Religions >> Christianity & Paganism
- An Essay on Sex and Sex Magick: Liber Conjunctus / Liber Two
- SEX Sex begins and ends at Conception. For those loving people who have chosen to so Conceive, the lustful Penetration, the willing Acceptance has its finale when Sperma conjuncts Ovum. The Fruit of this Union transforms the relationship that an individual...
Body Mysteries >> Sexuality
Rio De Janeiro Important Colleges is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Rio De Janeiro Important Colleges books and related discussion.
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.
Rio De Janeiro Important Colleges Topics
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text: 000 FXUS63 KTOP 251145 AFDTOP AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION National Weather Service Topeka KS 645 AM CDT Tue Oct 25 2016 ...Update to aviation forecast discussion... .SHORT TERM...(Today and tonight) Issued at 319 AM CDT Tue Oct 25 2016 A lead upper level trough ahead of a nearly stationary longer wave length upper trough off the western coast of the US will lift northeast across the plains Tonight. A lee surface low across western KS will deepen through the day and move northeast into south central NE by 00Z WED. A surface cold front will move from eastern CO, eastward across west central KS through the afternoon hours and into the western counties of the CWA by 02Z WED. Point forecast soundings from the 00Z NAM and WRF models show an EML at around 735MB overspreading the warm sector during the afternoon hours and through the evening hours as well. There may be enough ascent ahead of the weak upper trough and lift along the surface front for scattered thunderstorms to develop southwest along the surface front from southern NE across the central counties of the CWA after 3Z. The only model that shows deep moist convection developing after 00Z is the 00Z GFS model. The WRF solutions keep the CAP strong enough that only isolated storms develop after 9Z along the surface front along and southeast of the KS turnpike. The most favorable environment for strong to severe thunderstorms would be during the late afternoon and early evening hours where MLCAPES will increase to 1500-2000 J/KG with 0-6KM shear increasing to 25 to 30 KTS. However the cap may prevent storms from developing along the front. If surface based storms manage to break the cap, they may become severe with the potential for large hail and damaging wind gusts across north central KS. If the NAM, WRF and RAP solutions end up verifying then thunderstorms may not develop until near midnight across the eastern and southern half of the CWA. The MUCAPE will decrease to 1000-1500 J/KG but the 0-6KM shear will increase slightly to 30 to 40 KTS. Thus a strong or severe thunderstorms will still be possible. If deep moist convection does not develop until around 6Z the primary hazard with any strong to severe storm would be large hail, since the boundary layer may decouple enough to prevent severe wind gusts. Rainfall will depend on thunderstorm coverage and intensity. If storms develop along the front around 6z and last through the early morning hours, then some locations across east central KS may pick up a quarter to a half inch of rainfall. Highs this afternoon will reach the mid to upper 70s this afternoon as WAA at 850mb increases 850mb temperatures between 14 and 18 degree C. The boundary layer should mix to around 850mb and any stratus this morning should mix out during the late morning and early afternoon hours. South winds will increase to 15 to 25 MPH with higher gusts from the late morning hours through the afternoon and into the evening hours. .LONG TERM...(Wednesday through Monday) Issued at 319 AM CDT Tue Oct 25 2016 The mid range and extended forecast will be dominated by an upper ridge over the southern US resulting in mainly zonal flow over the region. A series of dry cold fronts will cause up and down temperatures. The first front passes through the area Friday night, therefore Friday appears to be the warmest day. High temperatures are forecasted to reach around 80, but only cool into the low to mid 70s over the weekend. Another front approaches the area on Monday so highs slightly increase only to drop into the 60s by Tuesday. A deepening trough over the western US will allow more shortwaves to track over the central plains, which will bring chances for showers and storms through mid week. && .AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Wednesday morning) Issued at 637 AM CDT Tue Oct 25 2016 VFR conditions are expected throughout the TAF period. Southerly winds will increase near midday with sustained 10-15 knots and gusts 20-25 knots. With a strong pressure gradient in place, the current expectation is for winds to continue gusting into the overnight hours. Introduce VCTS for MHK at 05Z and the Topeka terminals at 07Z. Future outlooks may need to introduce a TEMPO group for TSRA, especially at the Topeka terminals. However, confidence is too low at this point. Any remaining shower/storm activity will shift southeast of the terminals near the end of the period. && .TOP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...Gargan LONG TERM...Sanders AVIATION...Baerg


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Vintage-inspired wool blend coat from Tulle, with boyfriend-style fit. Features blazer-inspired styling, with double breasted button closure, notched lapel, silky printed lining, and four front pockets.
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Jodi Kurtz-Tseng
With a BA in art history and a Masters degree in organizational leadership, Jodi has spent the last three years designing furniture professionally for Kurtz + Atkins Design Company. K+A was born as a partnership, combining Jodi's innate design talents with Bryan Atkin's workshop know-how, but with the ultimate goal of establishing for Jodi a fully self-sustaining woodworking business with a focus on unique, one-of-a-kind furniture from reclaimed materials. Before leaving Minneapolis for Washington, Jodi revisited her North Dakotan roots with her now wife, Wan-Ling. Hillsboro, North Dakota is home to a small population of about fifteen hundred people, and in this small-town setting, Jodi envisioned a centerpiece for their new home. Salvaging wood from a one-hundred-year-old barn on her childhood farm, Jodi constructed her first farm table from wood with history.
Again situated on a farm, this time in the greater Washington, DC area, Jodi utilizes the seven-acre property to stimulate the artistic process. On the site sits a tiny house cabin, an intimate space where Jodi meets with clients to discuss projects, complete with a Do-It-Yourself woodworkers library. The vintage volumes are shelved on K+A-designed floating shelves made from century-old wood once occupying a Euclid Avenue row-home.
Additional recent projects include a seven-foot work station, tailor station, and rolling suit-racks for Bindle & Keep – to be featured in an upcoming HBO documentary, Three Suits, produced by Lena Dunham —fourteen table tops for Café Nola in Historic downtown Frederick, Maryland, and an eight-foot conference table and sixteen desks for a private security company. Jodi is particularly proud of her working relationship with James Kastner of Coldwell Banker and Bonny Dempsey of MAD Properties – a developing firm who buys and restores Washington row-homes.


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List Of Italian Americans Athletes
A selection of articles related to list of italian americans athletes.
Original articles from our library related to the List Of Italian Americans Athletes. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on List Of Italian Americans Athletes.
- Grimassi, Raven
- Raven Grimassi is the author of several books on Wicca and Witchcraft, including The Wiccan Mysteries, which was awarded Book of the Year and First Place-Spirituality Book by the Coalition of Visionary Retailers in 1998. Raven Grimassi was born in 1951 to an...
Real Interviews >> Authors
- Confessions of a TNT Reiki Master
- Last October I began to take Reiki classes. It came on the heels of an energy healing class I had taken that summer at the request of my friend Henry. At the time I had no intention on becoming a healer. Henry, my best friend and soul brother, lives along...
Body Mysteries >> Reiki
- All One People
- Standing in their Circle, a group of people reverently turn to face and address the four directions. They call to their Great Mother and Great Father, giving thanks for their many gifts. The Circle is blessed with sweet smoke from sacred herbs and becomes a...
Religions >> Paganism & Wicca
- Psychic Protection - Barriers
- Introduction: The countermeasures given in these short articles are extremely basic. They only contain the bare bones of what is necessary to use them. To understand the principles behind these countermeasures, please get a copy of 'Practical Psychic Self-Defe...
Psychic Abilities >> Psychic Protection
- Bringing it Down to Earth: A Fractal Approach
- 'Clouds are not spheres, mountains are not cones, coastlines are not circles, and bark is not smooth, nor does lightning travel in a straight line.' B. Mandelbrot W e want to think about the future - it's our nature. Unlike other creatures, humans possess an...
Mystic Sciences >> Astrology
List Of Italian Americans Athletes is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, List Of Italian Americans Athletes books and related discussion.
Suggested Pdf Resources
- The Playing Fields of St. Louis: Italian Immigrants and Sports, 1925
- youth, and that athletic voluntary associations became major factors in the ... Several forces helped solidify the Italian-Americans gathered in St. Louis into.
- library.la84.org
- Beyond DiMaggio: Italian Americans in Baseball - University of
- Italian Athletic Club, Vermont State Amateur Champs | 57. 6. Tony Lazzeri ...
- www.nebraskapress.unl.edu
- Famous Naturalized US Citizens - Immigration Policy Center
- Famous Naturalized ... Jamaica. Sergei Fedorov, athlete.
- www.immigrationpolicy.org
- niaf's - The National Italian American Foundation
- mello, Italy, he's now expanding. Egomnia ... Italian American Sports Hall of.
- www.niaf.org
- The Contributions of Immigrants and Their Children to American
- Jul 27, 2012 culinary, athletic, and scientific endeavors. .... role in several American musical institutions, including the famous Marlboro Festival near his farm in ....
- faculty.washington.edu
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- This week in Kansas City: David Cross, the Lyric Opera's 'The Elixir of Love
- Composed and performed in Italian, Gaetano Donizetti's work is filled with robust laughter and vivacious drama that seems contemporary almost 200 years after it premiered in Milan. The modern feel will be ...
- Nobody but Novak
- There is an argument to be made that Novak Djokovic is the most under-appreciated, under-idolized superstar athlete in the world. That's not likely to change when he arrives in Indian ...
- Dortmund Set to Deliver Fascinating FEI World Cup™ Vaulting Final
- March 2nd, 2016- The stage is set for a fascinating series of contests when the FEI World Cup™ Vaulting 2015/2016 Final gets underway in Dortmund (GER) tomorrow, Thursday 3 March. This is the sixth season of World Cup competition in this discipline ...
Suggested Web Resources
- List of Italian Americans in sports - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- Athletes[edit]. Ray Barbuti, athlete; Andrew Howe, athlete.
- en.wikipedia.org
- List of members of the Italian American Sports Hall of Fame
- This is a list of members of the National Italian American Sports Hall of Fame. .... player; Robin Romeo, women's bowler; Richard Ruffalo, Paralympic athlete ...
- en.wikipedia.org
- Italian Athletes - Famous Italians - Italiansrus.com
- Here is a list of some of the great athletes from our heritage. ... Throughout history there have been many American football players of Italian heritage.
- www.italiansrus.com
- Italian American Football Players - Famous Italians - Italiansrus.com
- Many Italians have had success in American football. Here is a list of some of the great athletes from our heritage.
- www.italiansrus.com
- Italian Americans Conquer Pro Football | Sons of Italy Blog
- Sep 27, 2012 He played for the Baltimore Colts and is famous for his winning touchdown in the ... He is a member of the Italian American Sports Hall of Fame.
- osia.wordpress.com
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.
List Of Italian Americans Athletes Topics
© 2000 - 2016 Realmagick.com, All Rights Reserved.


text:
A Recent Favorite:
Uh Oh, Nothing Here Yet
Why don't you go browse some Comics or Editorials and pick a few to favorite?
Recent Comments
Did you get that new app that reads the comics to you?
My ring tone is………… a phone ringing!
Lots of bad ice on the roads in Nebraska!
"fore" is not the same as "four" English is so confusing…..
Great song by the Kinks….
I met her in a club down in old Soho
Where you drink champagne
It tastes just like Coca Cola, C-O-L-A cola
She walked up to me and she asked me to dance
I asked her her name and in a dark brown voice
She said Lola, L-O-L-A, Lola, L-L-Lola
Well, I'm not the world's most physical guy
But when she squeezed me tight she nearly broke my spine
Oh my Lola, L-L-Lola
Well, I'm not dumb but I can't understand
Why she walked like a woman but talked like a man
Oh my Lola, L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
Well, we drank champagne and danced all night
Under electric candlelight
She picked me up and sat me on her knee
And said, "Dear boy, won't you come home with me?"
Well, I'm not the world's most passionate guy
But when I looked in her eyes well I almost fell for my Lola
L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
Lola, L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
I pushed her away, I walked to the door
I fell to the floor, I got down on my knees
Then I looked at her and she at me
That's the way that I want it to stay
I always want it to be that way for my Lola, L-L-Lola
Girls will be boys and boys will be girls
It's a mixed up muddled up, shook up world
Except for Lola, L-L-Lola
Well, I left home just a week before
And I'd never ever kissed a woman before
But Lola smiled and took me by the hand
And said, "Dear boy, I'm gonna make you a man"
Well, I'm not the world's most masculine man
But I know what I am and I'm glad I'm a man
And so is Lola, L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
Lola, L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
Lola, L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
Lola, L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
Lola, L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
Lola, L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
Lola, L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
Lola, L-L-Lola, L-L-Lola
I think you slipped that one right past the weather whiners! …and yes Vivaldi is outstanding!
Super Skier by Chad Mitchell Trio
Well, they called him Super Skier
As he sat around the sundeck,
For he swore that he would never take a spill.
When they finally brought him down
They had to use three toboggans
To carry all the pieces down the hill.
He was comin' down that slope
Doin' ninety miles an hour
When he caught an edge of his ski.
Well, his clothes, they were fast,
But the slopes, they were faster.
That's the last of Super Skier we shall see.
Well, he hollered, "What the hell!"
As he lined them parallel:
He figured there was nothing more to learn.
(Oh, no…)
And as he started on his way,
He shouted, "Ondelay!",
Assuming that he'd never have to turn.
Well, he was slippin' down that slope
Doin' ninety miles an hour
When a mogul flipped him in the air.
His jumping form was fine
Until he ran into that pine,
[- From: http://www.elyrics.net -]
And two one-legged skiers left from there.
(repeat CHORUS)
When he left that tree at last,
He was moving twice as fast.
Both halves were skimming moguls like a feather.
He said, "If I must be
A split personality,
How can I ever keep my knees together?"
One ski was headed north,
And the other headed west,
'Cause both of them, you see, were running freer.
And folks up on Little Nell
Looked up, scared as hell,
Said, "It's a bird." "No, it's a plane." "It's Super Skier!"
(No, uh, it's a bird.)
(repeat CHORUS)
Now the moral of my story
(Though my story's kinda gory):
For all you sundeck Charlies, there's still hope.
You buy the fastest clothes you can,
Then talk skiing like a man,
But don't let people catch you on the slope!
(repeat CHORUS)
And let's get Charlie off the M. T. A.
I just love it when engineers reminisce!
Wrong direction…We are just getting started when London says Happy New Year. They are nursing hangovers when we say it.
Frank Sinatra


text:
The exhibition is made possible by The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Foundation.
Additional support is provided by the Japan Foundation.
Date: late 13th centuryAccession Number: 25.224a–e
Date: 1277
Date: early 17th centuryAccession Number: 2015.500.2.13
Date: 16th centuryAccession Number: 2015.500.2.18a, b
Attributed to Jakusai (Japanese)
Date: late 14th–15th centuryAccession Number: 29.100.442
Date: 14th centuryAccession Number: 2002.446a–c
Program information
Be captivated by the romance, intrigue, and glamour of the world of traditional Japanese tales and histories. Introduction by Masako Watanabe, senior research associate, Department of Asian Art. Offered in conjunction with the exhibition Storytelling in Japanese Art (on view November 19, 2011–May 6, 2012)
Recorded: February 26, 2012
"A Happy Ending to a Sad Story: Rediscovered Illustrations for A Long Tale for an Autumn Night"
John Carpenter, curator, Department of Asian Art
"The War of the Twelve Animals: Anthropomorphosis and Allegory in Medieval Japan"
Sarah Thompson, assistant curator, Japanese Prints, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
"Dragons, Jewels, and Powerful Women: Taishokan Paintings in Seventeenth-Century Japan"
Melanie Trede, professor, Institute of East Asian Art History, Heidelberg University
Akiko Sakurai performs selections from the great Japanese literary work The Tale of the Heike.
Accompanied by a publication and an Audio Guide
Welcome to the endlessly fascinating world of Japanese storytelling. Japan has a long and rich history of pairing narrative texts with elaborate illustrations—a tradition that continues to this day with manga and other popular forms of animation. Featuring more than sixty works of art in a range of mediums and formats, this exhibition invites you to explore myriad subjects that have preoccupied the Japanese imagination for centuries—Buddhist and Shinto miracle tales; the romantic adventures of legendary heroes and their feats at times of war; animals and fantastical creatures that cavort within the human realm; and the ghoulish antics of ghosts and monsters.
From illustrated books and folding screens to textiles and even playing cards, the objects on view, which date from the twelfth to the nineteenth century, vividly capture the life and spirit of their time. Central to our exploration of this subject is the illustrated handscroll, or emaki, a narrative format that is essential not only to the dissemination of Japanese tales but also to the very ways in which they are crafted. The more than twenty handscrolls on view in the galleries demonstrate the many ways in which the pictorial space of the emaki is designed to draw viewers directly into a story, offering a rare opportunity for visitors of all ages to experience the pleasures and intellectual challenges inherent in Japanese narrative painting.
Narrative Flow: Muromachi Tales and the Handscroll Format
Japanese storytelling reached its apogee during the Nanbokuchō and Muromachi periods (1336–1573). The more than four hundred tales that emerged during the Muromachi period are known collectively as otogi zōshi. Ranging widely in theme, from religious parables to capricious fables, these short, often didactic stories are a world apart from the courtly romantic tales of the Heian period (794–1185), the heyday of aristocratic society. Many of the plots stem from the epics of the Kamakura period (1185–1333), a time of marked military ascendancy and the rise of a powerful warrior class.
Contributing significantly to the development and dissemination of otogi zōshi was the handscroll, a major vehicle for painting and writing throughout East Asia. Illustrated handscrolls, or emaki (picture scrolls), first emerged in Japan in the eighth century. They generally measure about one foot high and can extend for more than thirty feet. Emaki are meant to be unrolled laterally, from right to left, and read in sequential segments of about two feet each. Usually, text sections are interspersed with images, with the narrative preceding the related illustration. A scroll is unrolled with the left hand, while the right hand rolls the part already viewed, allowing the story to emerge from the left and disappear to the right. With the freedom to move through the scenes at his or her own pace, the viewer physically experiences the progression of time and space as the past is rolled away, the present is slowly uncovered, and the future waits to be seen.


text:
A stay at M1 Hotel places you in the heart of Kowloon, minutes from Jade Market and close to Ladies' Market. This hotel is close to Mong Kok Computer Centre and International Commerce Centre.
Make yourself at home in one of the 93 air-conditioned guestrooms. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Bathrooms have showers and hair dryers. Conveniences include safes, and housekeeping is provided daily.
Make use of convenient amenities, which include complimentary wireless Internet access and concierge services.
Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include complimentary high-speed (wired) Internet access, limo/town car service, and complimentary newspapers in the lobby.


text:
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- Genre: Comedy, Drama, Shoujo, Slice of life
- Status:Ongoing
From Bliss:One summer day, a fifth grade boy name Susumu suddenly appear before former biker gang member now current host club host, Okita Yamato and said that Okita is his father! Afraid of being a bad influence on his son, Yamato transforms himself into a daytime working parcel delivery man. But being a father is harder than it seems as Yamato struggles to become a good role model for his son.
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- Volume 1
- 2 years agoWorking Holiday 5: Stirred Fried Pork with Ginger
- 2 years agoWorking Holiday 4: Cold Chinese Noodle
- 2 years agoWorking Holiday 3: A Cup of Coffee
- 2 years agoWorking Holiday 2: Bitter liquer
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