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Skip to comments.Full Time Motherhood?, How Selfish
Posted on 11/05/2005 7:45:30 AM PST by kalee
Full-Time Motherhood? How Selfish November 5, 2005 BY JULIE SHILLER
Across the nation, privileged young women are seeking to be competitive candidates to gain admittance to prestigious universities. Impressive SAT scores, awards, grades and extracurricular activities are of the utmost importance for college-bound high school students and their families.
The priorities of many of today's elite young women, however, are surprisingly conventional, according to one survey. The most fortunate and educated women say they will conform to traditional gender roles after completing their Ivy League degrees. They are choosing careers as full-time mothers and expect to be supported financially by their successful spouses. Such expectations are utterly selfish and a dishonor to the struggles that the Second Wave feminists (those who came of age in the '60s and '70s) endured for my generation.
ADVERTISEMENT Today, many white women who were fortunate enough to be born into wealthy families are taking their limitless opportunities for granted. In a recent article in The New York Times, "Many Women at Elite Colleges Set Career Path to Motherhood," Louise Story examines this issue. More than 60 percent of Yale women surveyed concluded that when they become mothers, they plan on working only part time or not at all. Although feminism promotes the right for these elite women to choose, they are unappreciative of their economic privilege. Story claims that they "are likely to marry men who will make enough money to give them a real choice about whether to be full-time mothers."
As a Third Wave feminist, I am embarrassed that Story could make such an assertion. Do these women feel a sense of entitlement to be entirely supported by their husbands? Although all women should be permitted to be full-time mothers, most do not have the freedom to stop working outside the home. It is not an equal choice when less wealthy and marginalized women are not granted the option. Women who were born into an unearned advantaged position are relinquishing their power and independence to patriarchy.
Females in the Victorian era were silenced and forced into restrictive feminine roles. Hartford's Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote "The Yellow Wallpaper" in 1892 during a time when even well-off women were forced into domestic roles that did not challenge their intellectual abilities. The protagonist, a privileged white woman, was labeled a "hysteric" by a male-dominated scientific community that desperately sought a way to repress her for questioning her forced submission. In reality, she was merely responding to being suppressed by her husband and the controlling patriarchy. Now young women are choosing to return to the silence.
Today's liberated, Ivy-League-educated women are willing to sacrifice their privilege and their opportunities to become independent leaders of the 21st century. They are eschewing the opportunities that Gilman's protagonist and other oppressed women of the time yearned for. Ivy League women are not taking advantage of the ability they have to make incredible strides in the fight for gender equality that would benefit women from all backgrounds. Instead, they are choosing to use their power for their own selfish desires.
In the Victorian era, women were forced by men to adhere to submissive, weak and emotional roles as a way for males to maintain ultimate control and status. Now young, dominant women are in a commanding position to enhance the civil liberties granted to disadvantaged women and other minority groups. Unfortunately, the future of our nation has been placed in the hands of elite young women who have chosen to thoughtlessly improve their own lives while jeopardizing the future of those that they had the power to assist.
Julie Shiller, 20, of West Orange, N.J., is a junior majoring in sociology at the University of Hartford.
Oh well. The author may mature one day.
I think a photograph might clear up the basis for this editorial.
Puke,puke and more puke.
Raising children just doesn't carrry enough prestige for this hag.
She should be so incredibly embarrased....but that would take common sense. The don't teach that in Grad school.
Why am I not surprised?
Isn't it great to be young and know more than everyone else? /sarcasm off
Oh, thank you, your highness.
Placing children in "day care" or with "nannies" is deleterious to the child, the family and society, as well as being, IMO, immoral.
Put that into your tube of choice, Julie, and smoke it.
Why am I not surprised?
Is this from the Onion? It reads like a satire.
2 of my daughters want to be at home moms. It's their choice, and they are lucky they will be able to afford this opportunity. Too bad the feminazis can't understand some women don't need to be fullfilled working at a 'job'.
Sociology= The painstaking pursuit of the obvious.
What a stupid young socialist. There is nothing wrong with a woman having a career and ambition. Nothing at all. Both are good things. But women do have a primary biological role as human beings and that is to bring children into this world. Once they do have the children, they shouldn't wash their hands of them.
Society is best served when these children are raised right. A baby-sitter or a day care cant do the job of a loving mother. I think part of the reason for teenage crime, and the weakening of the american family is that fewer kids are being raised primarily by their own parents anymore. To me that is tragic.
My wife took off work until our children were in school. She found it much more rewarding and important than anything she had ever done professionally. Shes now back in the work world and doing well. Youd think the young feminist would be happy that my wife was given the freedom in our society to make a choice about how to live her life and that she has been able to succesfully balance career ambition in a field that women didn't have much access to fifty years ago, and being a wonderful mother.
It would most likely feature a corncob stuck up a certain portion of her anatomy. How else to explain drivel like this?
It is not an equal choice when less wealthy and marginalized women are not granted the option. Women who were born into an unearned advantaged position are relinquishing their power and independence to patriarchy.
>Such expectations are utterly selfish<
No, Julie, abandoning YOUR children, so you can have more spending money is "utterly selfish".
My husband is the head of our family, but ask him how repressed I am. Then stand back and cover your ears, he has a really loud laugh.
The Yellow Wallpaper?
I read that ... like a hundred years ago... and I remember it as the story of a woman who was sinking into madness.
Maybe I'd better pick it up again.
Of course, it's so selfish to want to raise your own children instead of
contracting that job out. I guess making sacrifices like living in a smaller
house, traveling less, and having less disposable income is selfish too.
Her message is that a career is, without question, more important than
a child.
I hope she chooses never to have children. What an idiot!
Best of all its pissing off liberal feminist..
This article will bite her later when she decides to have a kid... Providing she wants.
$100,000 for a Sociology degree?....
Who cares... it's not like "I'm" actually paying for it.....
giggle giggle...
Miss Shiller will be supported by the phrase "You want fries with that?"
So... let me get this straight... women who opt to stay at home to raise families, thereby giving other women who may have that choice, an opening into the job market, are considered selfish?
I am having trouble with the logic.
I've never understood this idea that women are repressed in marriage. Anyone who says that has never spent anytime married women, let alone married women. Most women have strong wills and can be quite relentless in achieving their goals.
I remember years ago, while working in a hospital, a conversation a large group of nurses was having. It ran something on the level of this:
"This career crap is bs. I want to get married, have babies, and be supported by my husband. I think this lib stuff is garbage. I think someone is putting something over on women."
Women who were born into an unearned advantaged position are relinquishing their power and independence to patriarchy.
Ms. Schiller: Please please please never marry. No man deserves such a hell.
Isn't it amazing that a college junior is so undertrained in logic that she doesn't see the foolishness of her argument. She calls the ones who choose motherhood, which is to serve others, selfish.....and feminism, which is to cater to self, the right path.
'nuff said.
You cannot argue ration with an irrational mind.
Maybe someday she'll get it.
Another lesbo in the making. I wonder if she lusts after successful womyn like Andrea Dworkin....shudder.
Having a career is sometimes a necessity. That's why it helps to have
a baby within a stable marriage.
But to argue that women are selfish not to work is absurd. It is clearly much
more fulfilling to get up at 5 AM, feed and dress a baby, rush to day care, rush to work, get off at 6, rush back to day care, rush back home, feed family, wash baby, but baby to sleep, try to clean or do necessary household tasks, finish at 11 pm, get up at 2 for baby, and start all over again. That sounds like the
perfect life (sarc). Those feminists sure know how to live...
My wife is from West Virginia, too. Yeah, repressed all right ;-)
Wait a minute - my daughter graduated with a Bachelor degree in sociology in May 2004 and is not like this person. Of course, she went to a small liberal arts college in western Illinois where Bush 41 was the commencement speaker the spring before she started there. So, there may be something in the choice of schools after all.
I think it's wonderful too. Just imagine the wealth of knowledge and resources that are made available to their children because either parent, in this case the mother, is educated. What a wonderful thing!
And we sometimes wonder why so many men refuse to marry?
Who can blame them when they hear this kind of tripe? I'd be running away from the feminazi-babeo-fascists like this too!
I have to wonder where you spent your formative years.....with nannies? ...at a daycare?.... institutionalized somewhere....by someone other than your mom?
How sad your outlook on life....especially the lives of children.
I think I must have done my job well as 'stay at home mom'....
...My daughter, with an education degree, taught school for several years until she had her baby...
..now she's a happy 'stay at home mom' too....
..and her husband appreciates this very much!
Such expectations are utterly selfish and a dishonor to the struggles that the Second Wave feminists (those who came of age in the '60s and '70s) endured for my generation.
Hey dudette...no one twisted their arms to join the STRUGGLE as you put it.
They weren't required to sign their lives away for x amount of years.
The only STRUGGLE they had was what they created for themselves.
Stop your bellyachin and go do something constructive like these young mothers will be doing staying home, teaching their children manners, how to behave and all the nice things of life and THAT includes (for girls) playing with doll babies and learning how to care for them instead of MURDERING THEM. Learning how to set a table with their little plastic dishes, and yes, the cute little ironing board and iron. :) They will also learn how to wash and dry dishes, make beds etc. All the while this mother is teaching these things...she is the heart of the home and is loved by everyone as she loves them. :)
For the boys, they will be taught how to change tires, fix cars, be the "good guy", respect women (even those who don't want it) learn how to build things, take out the garbage, pick up after the dog and learn to look out for and protect women beginning with their mothers and sisters.
Can you imagine how many cakes and cookies they will have coming in from a day at school taking in all those wonderful aromas from the kitchen? Mmmmmm, good. Comfort food, secure feelings and joy.
Congratulations to all the young women who will take on this role. After all...it is really NOT a role but a natural thing for a woman to do if she has children. They are taught what they need before they go out into the world.
God bless them all. We are proud of them. Their STRUGGLE is to make sure they do everything possible for their children and that doesn't mean expensive shoes or constant toys etc. Good books, games, teach by example.
God bless them all. As for the fems...their STRUGGLE continues and that struggle is to keep their men bashing group alive. Good luck fems...you glory days are over.
My tagline applies to her for sure.
2. Its editorial board consists of "lifestyle leftist" 1970s Yalie buttoned-down revolutionaries. Skipper: "Che Guevara and Margaret Sanger Forever!!!!" Muffie: "Oh, good one, Skip!" 4. Butch? Lipstick? Hysteric? America wants to know! Then again, maybe we don't want to know.
I might have sounded like that at 20. I grew up.
I'm finishing up my PhD, and when I get married, I plan to stay home and raise
my kids. Feminazis can call me whatever they want, but when I have kids,
I want to teach them MY values. And, I can do a better job of educating
them in their early years than most public and private school teachers.
That is more of a priority than having a career.
I think the author is entirely dismissing of the contribution of woman who act as full time mothers. The description of their occupation does not come near to doing it justice.
In addition, the author is dismissive of the possibility of unpredictable situations that might suddenly force such family roles upon unsuspecting couples and families. We had a sample just recently with Katrina and Wilma here in SoFlo.
As mentioned and discussed heavily by fellow FReepers, when the power went out and neighborhood essentially became isolated habitations for a few days, such traditional roles became heavily prominent and reinforced.
True, men and women worked on the cleanup, but other roles became obvious such as women pooling together to want children, and men hunting and gathering supplies when they came upon the opportunity to garner them.
Men in our neighborhood worked to restore structural integrity of housing and perform large scale cleanup such as removing trees from driveways while women organized and allocated supplies such as food in the form of prepared meals.
It worked wonderfully and we all felt blessed.
However, if it came down to a difference in opinion in who was to carry out what chores, I suspect things would have been much harder. Still, had I been confronted, I suspect I would have happily ceded my role in tree removal and roof-reconstruction and repair.
I suspect the author may have some extreme difficulties when their time of trial arrives. For all their intentions, reality tends to tread hard on the illusions of the foolish.
"Isn't it amazing that a college junior is so undertrained in logic that she doesn't see the foolishness of her argument. She calls the ones who choose motherhood, which is to serve others, selfish.....and feminism, which is to cater to self, the right path."
I try to go back and remember what a pain in the but I was at this age.
I remember thinking how I had it all figured out (that was...BEFORE I had children!)
Real life experience will set this girl straight, and if it doesn't she'll wind up just like Maureen Dowd.
Wait until she is old and alone.
Old and ALONE.
No children around to make sure she is safe and cared for. Wait until the holidays roll around and she has no one at her table except her laptop and her cell phone.
Wait until birthdays, Christmas etc. roll around ahd she celebrates alone.
I wonder THEN what she'll think of the STRUGGLES of those fems before her.
Not being able to bear children is one thing. Most people adopt. However, not having children becuase you think yur job is more important well....all I can say is: "You are missing out."
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Pratt pays forfeiture for election violation
Former acting Mayor Marvin Pratt has paid a $200 forfeiture, stipulating he violated state Government Accountability Board rules by posting an illegal election notice.
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The election notice was for the spring special election to fill the seat held by former Common Council President Willie Hines.


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Mobile has played a important role in 2010 in connecting people across various walks of life through social media. More consumers are using mobile phones to access the web and to stay connected with friends and family via Facebook, Twitter, Flickr etc.
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Also read: Share Of Web Usage Through Mobile Phones, Asia Tops The Chart
Source: The Mobile Future


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Most Cited Ocean & Coastal Management Articles
The most cited articles published since 2011, extracted from Scopus.
Ecosystem-based marine spatial management: Review of concepts, policies, tools, and critical issuesStelios Katsanevakis | Vanessa Stelzenmüller | Andy South | Thomas Kirk Sørensen | Peter J S Jones | Sandy Kerr | Fabio Badalamenti | Christos Anagnostou | Patricia Breen | Guillem Chust | Giovanni D'Anna | Mike Duijn | Tatiana Filatova | Fabio Fiorentino | Helena Hulsman | Kate Johnson | Aristomenis P. Karageorgis | Ingrid Kröncke | Simone Mirto | Carlo Pipitone | Susan Portelli | Wanfei Qiu | Henning Reiss | Dimitris Sakellariou | Maria Salomidi | Luc van Hoof | Vassiliki Vassilopoulou | Tomás Vega Fernández | Sandra Vöge | Anke Weber | Argyro Zenetos | Remment ter Hofstede
Volume 54, Issue 11, November 2011, Pages 807-820
Conventional sectoral management and piecemeal governance are considered less and less appropriate in pursuit of sustainable development. Ecosystem based marine spatial management (EB-MSM) is an approach that recognizes the full array of interactions within an ecosystem, including human uses, rather than considering single issues, species, or ecosystem services in isolation. Marine spatial planning and ocean zoning are emerging concepts that can support EB-MSM. EB-MSM is driven by high-level goals that managers aim to achieve through the implementation of measures. High-level goals and objectives need to be translated into more operational objectives before specific targets, limits and measures can be elaborated.Monitoring, evaluation and adaptation are necessary to ensure that marine management measures are both effective and efficient. Solid monitoring frameworks are the foundation of adaptive management, as they provide the necessary information to evaluate performance and the effectiveness of management actions. Marine protected areas (MPAs) - possibly set up in networks - constitute a key component in EB-MSM policies and practises and have been applied as a cornerstone in conservation of marine biodiversity, management of fish populations, development of coastal tourism, etc. Moreover, MPA experiences have provided methods and concepts (such as zoning) to a wider EB-MSM context. The assignment of values to biophysical features of the marine environment allows the direct assessment of related management choices and may assist EB-MSM.A range of monetary valuation techniques have been proposed to reduce attributes of goods and services to a single metric. However, in the marine environment such an approach is often over simplistic, and thus less reductive techniques may be necessary. Rather than producing a single metric, the results of non-monetary assessments guide policy allowing weight to be given as necessary to potential areas of conflict and consensus.Strategies to take into account climate change effects and geohazard risks in EB-MSM have been applied or proposed worldwide. EB-MSM regimes must be alert to such risks and flexible to account for changes. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Marine renewable energy: The ecological implications of altering the hydrodynamics of the marine environmentMark A. Shields | David K. Woolf | Eric P M Grist | Sandy A. Kerr | A. C. Jackson | Robert E. Harris | Michael C. Bell | Robert Beharie | Andrew Want | Emmanuel Osalusi | Stuart W. Gibb | Jonathan Side
Volume 54, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 2-9
Many countries now recognise the need for mitigation of climate change induced by human activities and have incorporated renewable energy resources within their energy policy. There are extensive resources of renewable energy within the marine environment and increasing interest in extracting energy from locations with either large tidal range, rapid flow with and without wave interaction, or large wave resources. However, the ecological implications of altering the hydrodynamics of the marine environment are poorly understood. Ecological data for areas targeted for marine renewable developments are often limited, not least because of the considerable challenges to sampling in high energy environments. In order to predict the scale and nature of ecological implications there is a need for greater understanding of the distribution and extent of the renewable energy resource and in turn, of how marine renewable energy installations (MREIs) may alter energy in the environment. Regional ecological implications of a MREI need to be considered against the greater and global ecological threat of climate change. Finally, it is recommended that the identification of species and biotopes susceptible to the removal of hydrokinetic energy could be a suitable strategy for understanding how a MREI may alter flow conditions. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
Coastal and marine ecosystem services valuation for policy and management: Managed realignment case studies in EnglandTiziana Luisetti | R. Kerry Turner | Ian J. Bateman | Sian Morse-Jones | Christopher Adams | Leila Fonseca
Volume 54, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 212-224
The recognition of the economic value of nature and the services it provides to humanity has become increasingly essential in the context of coastal zone management. In this paper we review the progress to date on both the necessary conceptual framework and empirical valuation studies required to bolster decision support systems (DSS) targeted at integrated coastal zone management goals. We highlight the importance of using an ecosystem services approach and recommend some basic sequential, although overlapping, analytical steps for appropriate environmental valuation and policy assessment: spatial explicitness; marginal changes; double counting; non-linearities; and threshold effects. We illustrate the practical use of the DSS by reviewing an existing UK case study on managed coastal realignment along the Eastern coast of England, and a new UK case study on managed realignment implemented in a southern area on the same coast. Comparing the two studies, the importance of spatial explicitness and the need for a sequential decision support system when dealing with ecosystem services valuation and project policy appraisal become particularly evident. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
Integrating ecological, economic and social aspects to generate useful management information under the EU Directives' 'ecosystem approach'Victor N. de Jonge | Rute Pinto | R. Kerry Turner
Volume 68, Issue , November 2012, Pages 169-188
If we as scientists cannot decide upon what research, monitoring and technical tools should be used as a basis for policy making and management within the European context, then the politicians and other decision makers will continue to follow the line of 'weak' sustainability (applying monetary substitution rules to natural capital) instead of 'strong' sustainability (applying alternative rules such as the precautionary principle). Suitable integral indicators or indices matching the 'ecosystem approach' (EA) and thus covering ecological as well as socio-economic aspects are required. There is, however, a clear friction between what can be delivered in terms of useful '(integral) indicators' and what decision makers require us to deliver in terms of 'simple, cheap, easy to understand' while the real situation is extremely complex. This social, economic and ecological complexity has been an important impediment to the realisation of an EA that should guarantee 'sustainability'. What is missing since the publication of the Brundtland report is technical co-operation between the decision makers and the natural and social scientists. To achieve development of integral indicators we propose to make the Odum food web concepts functional by the application of ecological network analysis (ENA) and at a scale where socio-economic and ecological information can be integrated, which is the 'habitat' level. At the habitat level ecological functioning (natural compartment), human activities (economic compartment) and ecosystem functions to humans (socio-ecological compartment) can be designated and measured. This process can further be facilitated by the use of the Driver-Pressure-State change-Impact-Response (DPSIR) approach. To facilitate weighing and decision making multi-criteria techniques can be used. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Understanding and contextualizing social impacts from the privatization of fisheries: An overviewJulia Olson
Volume 54, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 353-363
Fisheries management around the world has experimented with regulations to promote privatization, in order to reach such multifaceted goals as ending overfishing and reducing economic inefficiencies. This review surveys a wide range of empirical experiences in different contexts around the world to help provide a fuller picture of potential and sometimes disparate consequences from privatization in general and new ways of organizing around fishing that can follow in the wake of such measures. Looking at the many different participants in the fishing industry-from crew, small-boat owners, to households and communities-as well as the diverse sociocultural contexts in which fishing takes place, enables a better understanding of who and what is impacted, how they are impacted, why and with what further consequences, such that communities come to be seen less oppositional to economy, but rather constituted by multiple scalar processes and by economic relations comprising different motivations and behaviors. © 2011.
Invading European Seas: Assessing pathways of introduction of marine aliensStelios Katsanevakis | Argyro Zenetos | Constança Belchior | Ana Cristina Cardoso
Volume 76, Issue , May 2013, Pages 64-74
Assessing pathways of introduction of marine alien species is essential to identify management options and evaluate management decisions to regulate and prevent new introductions. By critically reviewing related information in scientific/grey literature and online resources, 1369 alien marine species in European seas were identified, of which 1257 were linked to the most probable pathway(s)/vector(s) of introduction. Based on their reported year of introduction, trends in the numbers of introduced species per pathway/vector were assessed on a decadal basis and invasion patterns were described for each pathway. The trend of new introductions of alien species in Europe has been increasing, with more than half of the species probably being introduced by shipping. Marine and inland corridors (primarily because of the Suez Canal) were the second most common pathway of introduction followed by aquaculture and aquarium trade. Aquaculture was the only pathway for which there was a marked decrease in new introductions during the last decade, presumably due to compulsory measures implemented at a national or European level. Introductions via all the other pathways have been increasing, aquarium trade being the pathway with the most striking observed increase. Many more species are expected to invade the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal, as it has been continuously enlarged and the barriers for the invasion of Red Sea species have been substantially decreased. In addition to the existing regulations on aquaculture, the implementation of appropriate management measures on shipping and aquarium trade, e.g. the implementation of the Ballast Water Management Convention, awareness raising among aquarium hobbyists, and also implementation of a stricter legislative framework on the import of non-native aquarium species, could reverse the increasing trend in new introductions. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
Impacts of shrimp farming in Bangladesh: Challenges and alternativesBrojo Gopal Paul | Christian Reinhard Vogl
Volume 54, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 201-211
Shrimp farming is growing in Bangladesh due to suitable agro-climatic conditions, adequate water resources, cheap labour force, international donor agencies and the involvement of multinational corporations. Although it provides immediate economic benefits, contributes to poverty reduction and food security, as well as generates employment from seed collectors to exporters, it has also been facing a host of challenges. They hinder the sustainable development of this otherwise thriving sector. This paper aims to expound the hindrances and challenges for sustainable shrimp farming in Bangladesh by means of reviewing the available scientific literature. It finds that socioeconomic impacts such as traditional livelihood displacement, social unrests and market fluctuations are hindering the sustainable development of shrimp farming in Bangladesh. Similarly, environmental impacts such as mangrove degradation, salt water intrusion, sedimentation, pollution and disease outbreaks are found to be obstacles for the development of sustainable shrimp farming. Inappropriate management practices and inadequate plans regarding water quality, seed supply, irrigation facilities and fishery resources, added to institutional weaknesses, jeopardize the future growth of shrimp farming. Therefore, this paper shall provide substantial input to set the directions that research for alternatives can take and that can contribute to the sustainability of shrimp farming. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
Sandy beach conservation and recreation: Guidelines for optimising management strategies for multi-purpose useAnton McLachlan | Omar Defeo | Eduardo Jaramillo | Andrew D. Short
Volume 71, Issue , January 2013, Pages 256-268
This paper addresses the need for a simple model for managers to employ when planning strategies for management of sandy beaches. It is based on the premise that in the overwhelming majority of cases beaches are suitable for recreation or for conservation or a combination of the two, whereas other uses are rare. The broad range of physical, ecological and socio-economic factors relevant to beaches, are reviewed briefly. Then three key factors are selected to develop each of two simple indices, an index of conservation value, CI, based on dune state of health, the presence of iconic species and macrobenthic species richness; and an index of recreation potential, RI, based on the extent of infrastructure, the level of safety/health of the beach and its physical carrying capacity. By combining these two indices, a beach can be simply classified as suitable for intensive recreation, or primarily for conservation, or for mixed use. Ten principles are outlined for consideration and potential application to beach management strategies. Finally, 23 beaches from three continents are classified, with detailed descriptions of a beach typical of each major use type. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Coastal erosion and controlL. C. Van Rijn
Volume 54, Issue 12, December 2011, Pages 867-887
Coastal erosion is a problem at many coastal sites caused by natural effects as well as human activities. This paper explores the coastal cell concept to deal with coastal erosion by identifying and analysingthe sediment volumes accumulated in large-scale and small-scale coastal cells at various sites. Mechanisms causing chronic erosion and episodic erosion related to coastal variability are identified and discussed. The effectiveness of soft and hard remedial measures for sandy beaches are assessed based on laboratory, field and modelling experiences. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
The potential application of social impact assessment in integrated coastal zone managementFrank Vanclay
Volume 68, Issue , November 2012, Pages 149-156
Integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) would be significantly enhanced if there was greater connection to the field of social impact assessment (SIA). SIA is the process of managing the social issues of planned interventions (projects, policies, plans, and programs). SIA can also be used to consider the effects of gradual landscape change. Key concepts in SIA that are applicable to ICZM include: sense of place and place attachment, islandness, cumulative effects, social carrying capacity, not in my backyard (NIMBY) responses, resilience and vulnerability, corporate social responsibility, social legitimacy, social license to operate, seachange communities and second home ownership. SIA incorporates stakeholder analysis, public participation and community engagement not only to predict the impacts of planned interventions or policy changes, but also to develop effective adaptive management and enhancement strategies. The paper presents a general case outlining the potential use of SIA in ICZM, with reference to the Wadden Sea Region where applicable. Important lessons (aphorisms, frankisms) from SIA are highlighted. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Being beside the seaside: Beach use and preferences among coastal residents of south-eastern AustraliaGrainne S. Maguire | Kelly K. Miller | Michael A. Weston | Kirsten Young
Volume 54, Issue 10, October 2011, Pages 781-788
Beaches are the most popular recreational destinations in Australia yet how they are visited and valued by Australians is poorly known. We surveyed 385 people (13.8% of 2800 coastal residents) from south-eastern Australia to examine their use of beaches and the features that are important in their choice and enjoyment of a beach destination. Most respondents (90.3%) nominated beaches as one of their top three most valued natural recreational environments. Thirty-four recreational activities occurred at the beach (8.6 ± 0.3 [mean ± SE] activities per respondent), mostly walking (91.4%) and swimming (78.9%). Factor analyses revealed respondents valued clean, uncrowded beaches with opportunities to view wildlife (n = 338) but also desired facilities (e.g. toilets, shade, life savers, food outlets; n = 331). Difficult access and intrusive recreation activities (e.g. vehicles on beaches) detracted from people's enjoyment. We describe a distinct dichotomy in use of 'local' versus 'non-local' beaches, where local beaches are visited more frequently, throughout more of the year, outside working hours and by smaller groups of people, compared with 'non-local' beaches. Coastal planners and managers not only face the challenge of increasing visitation to beaches but also the need to manage for somewhat conflicting values among beach-goers. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Institutional capacity-building for targeting sea-level rise in the climate adaptation of Swedish coastal zone management. Lessons from CoastbySofie Storbjörk | Johan Hedrén
Volume 54, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 265-273
For coastal areas across the world, sea-level rise and problems of coastal erosion and coastal flooding are expected to increase over the next hundred years. At the same time political pressure for continued waterfront planning and development of coastal areas threatens to increase our societal vulnerability, and necessitating climate adaptation in coastal zone management. The institutional dimension has been identified as important for ensuring a more robust adaptation to both current climate variability and future climate change. In this paper, lessons regarding institutional constraints for climate adaptation are drawn from a Swedish case-study on local coastal zone management, illustrating the diverse and complex nature of institutional capacity-building. The aim of the paper is to illustrate critical factors that from an institutional perspective condition the capacity to achieve a more integrated, strategic and proactive climate adaptation and for turning "rules on paper" to working practice, based on case-study experiences from Coastby. Following and expanding a framework for analysing institutional capacity-building we learnt that a selective few key actors had played a critical role in building a strong external networking capacity with a flip-side in terms of a weak internal coordinating capacity and lack of mutual ownership of coastal erosion between sectoral units e.g. risk-management, planning and environment. We also found a weak vertical administrative interplay and lack of formal coherent policy, procedures and regulations for managing coastal erosion between local, regional and national administrations. Further, tensions and trade-offs between policy-agendas, values and political priorities posed a barrier for capacity-building in coastal zone management which calls for processes to mediate conflicting priorities in policy-making, planning and decision-making. The case-study suggests that the ability of the political administrative system to acknowledge and deal with institutional conflicts is a critical condition for ensuring an integrated and proactive climate adaptation in coastal zone management. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
How to turn the tide: Developing legitimate marine governance arrangements at the level of the regional seasJan P M Van Tatenhove
Volume 71, Issue , January 2013, Pages 296-304
Competing spatial claims and conflicts between maritime economic activities and biodiversity in Europe's seas continue to challenge governments and non-governmental actors. Responses to these problems have resulted in a fragmented patchwork of EU policies, private initiatives, and regulations on different levels. It is clear that the different sets of problems in each sea and the existing institutional arrangements (often created in an ad hoc fashion) require different responses and that a regional approach to marine governance is more flexible than a pan-European one.This paper explores whether and how it is possible to develop integrated maritime governance arrangements for Europe's regional seas. It explores the sui generis institutional setting of the EU - a fragmented system in constant flux - and the roles of the Regional Sea Commissions, Member States and other stakeholders. This, together with Wallace's concept of the swinging pendulum of governance, provides us with the basis to identify the conditions for more effective and legitimate EU marine governance arrangements and examine whether it is possible to turn the tide of marine governance to the level of the regional sea? Using concepts from institutional theory, such as institutional ambiguity, institutional layering and conversion and institutional capacity building, this paper develops six building blocks that could help to turn the tide, help to develop legitimate regional-level marine governance arrangements and strengthen the capacity of marine institutions and governance. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Review of the causes of the rise of the illegal South African abalone fishery and consequent closure of the rights-based fisherySerge Raemaekers | Maria Hauck | Markus Bürgener | Angus Mackenzie | Genevieve Maharaj | Éva E. Plagányi | Peter J. Britz
Volume 54, Issue 6, June 2011, Pages 433-445
The rise of organised illegal fishing and trade in abalone from the late 1990s destabilised South Africa's historically stable, quota-managed fishery, culminating in its closure in 2008. The development of the fishery is described in a historical context, including the evolution of South Africa's science-based abalone fishery management system. The diverse suite of responses deployed to combat illegal fishing and the black market trade in abalone are reviewed, including;- fishery reform to expand rights to a greater number of previously disadvantaged fishers, a territorial user rights fishery (TURF) system, special compliance operations and courts, the CITES listing of abalone, and the serial reduction in the TAC, culminating in the controversial and legally contested closure of the fishery. The main causes of the rise of the illegal fishery are diagnosed as 1) the massive increase in the abalone price that occurred in the 1990s triggering an abalone fishing " gold-rush" and 2) the failure of the post-Apartheid fishery reform process to accommodate many traditional fishers in a legal fishing rights framework resulting in them operating outside the formal fishery management system. By contextualising the abalone fishery as a complex system, embedded in South Africa's socio-political setting, we show how the resource focussed fishery management system did not have the capacity to incorporate the powerful social, political and economic drivers determining fisher behaviour. We conclude with the need to revisit South Africa's abalone fishery management paradigm, and argue that a more integrated governance approach is required that takes into account the biological, socio-political and economic factors determining the fishery activities. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Development and management of land reclamation in ChinaWei Wang | Hui Liu | Yongqi Li | Jilan Su
Volume 102, Issue PB, December 2014, Pages 415-425
© 2014 Elsevier Ltd.In recent decades, sea enclosing and land reclamation has become an important way in China to accommodate the increasing need of space for living and development. In this article, it is shown that land reclamation has brought about serious impact on China's coastal ecosystems and their services, including: reduction of coastal wetland area by slightly over 50%, significant coastal landscape fragmentation and loss of biodiversity, destruction of habitats for fish and feeding grounds for shorebirds, decline of bird species and fisheries resources, reduced water purification ability from narrowing and even disappearance of gulfs and bays, increased water pollution and frequent harmful algal blooms, etc. To address these problems, since 2001 the Chinese government has issued a series of laws and policies to strengthen land reclamation management. However, the pace of China's land reclamation has been rising continuously that the worsening trend of its detrimental impacts on the coastal ecosystems and their services has not been turned around. It is argued that China should strengthen the laws and regulations, improve marine spatial planning, fully evaluate the negative impact of reclamation, and enhance ocean awareness and public involvement in reclamation management, so that better management of land reclamation can be achieved.
Marine protected area networks in the Philippines: Trends and challenges for establishment and governanceVera Horigue | Porfirio M. Aliño | Alan T. White | Robert L. Pressey
Volume 64, Issue , August 2012, Pages 15-26
Marine protected areas (MPAs) are the most extensively implemented fisheries management and conservation tool in the Philippines. Most MPAs have been established and managed by communities together with local governments in a variety of community-based and co-management schemes. This approach has proven successful in gaining community acceptance and achieving local-scale fisheries and conservation objectives. However, the contribution of these MPAs to ecologically connected networks of MPAs is variable since most MPAs were not designed to be parts of networks. Nevertheless, there is growing support for the development of MPAs within the national integrated coastal management framework which supports the " scaling up" of MPAs to establish networks. Scaling up in the Philippine context is achieved by forging inter-institutional collaboration among neighboring local governments (i.e. village to provincial level), with the assistance of other institutions such as non-government organizations, academe, government agencies, and development partners including donors. Herein we review the history of MPAs in the Philippines and the development of inter-institutional collaborations and present examples of scaling up of MPAs to form networks. To further the establishment of social and ecological MPA networks in the Philippines, we describe approaches to forming MPA networks and discuss the fundamental elements of successful collaborative partnerships. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Extreme sea-level rise and adaptation options for coastal resort cities: A qualitative assessment from the Gold Coast, AustraliaJ. A G Cooper | C. Lemckert
Volume 64, Issue , August 2012, Pages 1-14
The Gold Coast, Australia is a coastal resort city whose urban environment has evolved through a series of human interventions on the natural shoreline. Such cities rely on a perceived high quality environment which in turn is reliant on continuing maintenance (e.g. beach nourishment, inlet dredging, drainage). Climate change consequently holds particular challenges for coastal resort cities. Sea-level rise impacts are likely to be manifest in increased frequency of flooding and beach erosion episodes. Here we consider adaptation options for the city under various future sea-level rise (SLR) scenarios at the high end of current predictions for the next century (+1 m, +2 m and +5 m) with the proviso that the beach and waterways must be preserved to enable the city to continue to exist as a resort.We conclude that pre-planned adaptation would probably enable the city to survive SLR of 1. m. An unplanned response to the same SLR would likely be characterised by periodic crises, growing uncertainty and public unease and would have marginal chances of success. For a 2. m SLR we contend that even with an adaptation plan in place, the scale of measures required would severely stretch the city's resources. Under a 5. m SLR over the next century we do not believe that any amount of planning would enable the city to survive as a coastal resort.Any adaptation to SLR would involve increased cost to maintain the artificial coastal environment. Adaptation options are particularly constrained by the widespread development around the waterways of the back-barrier area. Unlike other coastal cities, resorts depend on a public perception of a high quality environment. Maintaining this perception under SLR imposes particular adaptation constraints on resort cities. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
The role of science in supporting marine protected area network planning and design in CaliforniaEmily Saarman | Mary Gleason | John Ugoretz | Satie Airamé | Mark Carr | Evan Fox | Adam Frimodig | Tom Mason | Jason Vasques
Volume 74, Issue , March 2013, Pages 45-56
Marine protected areas (MPAs) can be an effective tool for marine conservation, especially if conservation goals are clearly identified and MPAs are designed in accordance with ecological principles to meet those goals. In California (USA), the Marine Life Protection Act (MLPA) Initiative led four regional public planning processes to design a statewide network of MPAs. The MLPA planning processes were carefully structured to provide a clearly-defined and important role for science and scientists. Over 50 scientists contributed directly to this MPA planning effort as members of a Science Advisory Team or in other capacities. Stakeholders were charged with developing alternative MPA proposals in each region, while scientists served as advisors and evaluated MPA proposals against science-based guidelines. Four key conditions supported the successful integration of science into the MPA network planning effort. First, the MLPA legislation provided a strong legal mandate for the use of the best readily available science and policy-makers strongly supported scientific input and the use of science-based MPA design guidelines. Second, the structure of the public planning process clearly identified the role of scientists and enabled a transparent and participatory process that promoted the use of science. Third, simple science-based MPA design guidelines provided benchmarks for assessing the likely effectiveness of alternative MPA proposals at achieving MLPA goals. Finally, scientists were engaged extensively and were responsive to the evolving informational needs of each regional MPA planning process. The redesigned statewide network of MPAs generally reflects the successful integration of science and science-based MPA design guidelines into a public policy process. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Designing a network of marine protected areas in California: Achievements, costs, lessons learned, and challenges aheadMary Gleason | Evan Fox | Susan Ashcraft | Jason Vasques | Elizabeth Whiteman | Paulo Serpa | Emily Saarman | Meg Caldwell | Adam Frimodig | Melissa Miller-Henson | John Kirlin | Becky Ota | Elizabeth Pope | Mike Weber | Ken Wiseman
Volume 74, Issue , March 2013, Pages 90-101
The State of California recently planned and is implementing a network of marine protected areas (MPAs) in state waters as mandated by the Marine Life Protection Act (MLPA). A public-private partnership (the MLPA Initiative) completed four regional public MPA planning processes characterized by robust stakeholder contributions and the incorporation of best readily available science. Prior to enactment of the MLPA in 1999, less than 3% of California state waters were in MPAs, and most of those MPAs were small and lacked clear objectives. By 2013, approximately 16% of state waters will be in 124 MPAs that represent and replicate most marine and estuarine habitats and are designed to be ecologically-connected. The redesigned statewide network of MPAs improves marine ecosystem protection in California, advanced the science and practice of designing MPA networks, and increased the awareness and capacity of stakeholders, scientists and decision-makers for marine spatial planning. The public planning effort took almost seven years and significant financial investment (approximately $19.5 million in private charitable foundation funds and $18.5 million in public funds). Not all stakeholders were pleased with the outcomes and the planning processes faced many challenges. While the design of the MPA network aimed to meet science and feasibility guidelines, final decisions on MPAs in each region reflected tradeoffs needed to garner public acceptance and support for implementation. The MLPA Initiative offers some key lessons about implementing policy through a public planning process. While California is developing mechanisms for assessing effectiveness of the MPA network in coming years, including establishing a MPA Monitoring Enterprise and a process for periodic review and adaptive management of MPAs, significant challenges remain for effective implementation. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Assessment and management of coastal multi-hazard vulnerability along the Cuddalore-Villupuram, east coast of India using geospatial techniquesR. S. Mahendra | P. C. Mohanty | H. Bisoyi | T. Srinivasa Kumar | S. Nayak
Volume 54, Issue 4, April 2011, Pages 302-311
The current study area is coastal zone of Cuddalore, Pondicherry and Villupuram districts of the Tamil Nadu along the southeast coast of India. This area is experiencing threat from many disasters such as storm, cyclone, flood, tsunami and erosion. This was one of the worst affected area during 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and during 2008 Nisha cyclone. The multi-hazard vulnerability maps prepared here are a blended and combined overlay of multiple hazards those affecting the coastal zone. The present study aims to develop a methodology for coastal multi-hazard vulnerability assessment. This study was carried out using parameters probability of maximum storm surge height during the return period (mean recurrence interval), future sea level rise, coastal erosion and high resolution coastal topography with the aid of the Remote Sensing and GIS tools. The assessment results were threatening 3.46 million inhabitants from 129 villages covering a coastal area 360km2 under the multi-hazard zone. In general river systems act as the flooding corridors which carrying larger and longer hinterland inundation. Multi-hazard Vulnerability maps were further reproduced as risk maps with the land use information. These risk caused due to multi-hazards were assessed up to building levels. The decision-making tools presented here can aid as critical information during a disaster for the evacuation process and to evolve a management strategy. These Multi-hazard vulnerability maps can also be used as a tool in planning a new facility and for insurance purpose. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
A comparison of approaches used for economic analysis in marine protected area network planning in CaliforniaJ. Wilson White | Astrid J. Scholz | Andrew Rassweiler | Charles Steinback | Louis W. Botsford | Sarah Kruse | Christopher Costello | Satoshi Mitarai | David A. Siegel | Patrick T. Drake | Christopher A. Edwards
Volume 74, Issue , March 2013, Pages 77-89
In addition to fostering biodiversity goals, marine protected area (MPA) implementation has economic consequences for both commercial and recreational fisheries. During the implementation of the State of California (USA) Marine Life Protection Act (MLPA), which mandates the creation of an MPA network in California's state waters, the stakeholders and policymakers utilized a pair of economic analyses that addressed these considerations. One was a comparative, static assessment of short-term, " worst case" potential socioeconomic impacts to important fisheries based on surveys of local fishermen. This analysis made no assumptions about fishery management outside of MPAs, assumed no spillover of fish from MPAs into fished areas or reallocation of fishing effort, and estimated the maximum potential dollar-value economic impacts over a short time scale. The other was a dynamic, bioeconomic assessment of the changes in spatial distribution of biomass and catch, based on published biological parameter values, oceanographic models of larval connectivity, and a range of possible levels of fishing. This analysis explicitly accounted for fish population dynamics, spillover, fisher movement, and fishery management outside of the MPAs, but was limited to long-term, equilibrium-based results because of a lack of baseline abundance data. Both evaluation methods were novel in their spatial resolution and their use directly in an MPA design process, rather than after implementation. The two methods produced broadly similar (at a regional spatial scale) evaluations of the likely effects of proposed MPAs on fisheries, at least when the bioeconomic model assumed fishery management was conservative. Our experience with these analyses in the MLPA Initiative process led to several suggestions for future MPA design efforts: (i) since the change in fish biomass inside MPAs partly depends on fisheries management outside of them, it is useful to integrate or coordinate conventional fishery management and MPA planning efforts; (ii) integrate modeling assessments early into MPA design, as part of a post-implementation adaptive management approach; and (iii) integrate empirical fishery data into bioeconomic models in order to improve representations of human behavior and short-term forecasts of changes in fished populations. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Fragmentation effects of oil wells and roads on the Yellow River Delta, North ChinaXiaoli Bi | Bin Wang | Qingshui Lu
Volume 54, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 256-264
Oil exploitation and road development have strongly fragmented the coastal landscapes, leading to profound ecological consequences. The dynamic relationships between oil wells, roads, and landscape fragmentation indices in the Yellow River Delta, China were explored. Oil wells, roads and land cover were mapped from TM images in 1992, 2000, 2006, and 2009, respectively. Changes and relationships were compared among three selected typical sections using linear regression models. We also evaluated the fragmentation effects of oil exploitation on protected wetlands in the Yellow River Delta Natural Reserve (NR). The results showed that oil wells and roads increased greatly. Oil well density and road length density were positively related to patch number and negatively related to patch shape indices. Both drivers have cumulative effects on landscape fragmentation. Influences of old oil wells and roads were stronger than those of new ones. Current management strategies of the NR have failed to effectively prohibit the disturbances of oil activities at the regional scale. The ecological function of protected wetland systems has been damaged by the increase of oil wells. Therefore, based on the principles of landscape ecology, effective approaches were proposed to minimize the negative effects of oil exploitation on the coastal area. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
Towards a DPSIR driven integration of ecological value, water uses and ecosystem services for estuarine systemsR. Pinto | V. N. de Jonge | J. M. Neto | T. Domingos | J. C. Marques | J. Patrício
Volume 72, Issue , February 2013, Pages 64-79
The aim of this paper is to indicate the overall economic efficacy of competing uses of estuarine resources by integrating ecological value, water uses and ecosystem services into the DPSIR conceptual framework as an added value for policy making and management. The complex interactions between the socio-economic system and the ecosystem (as part of the 'integral system' as suggested by the second author before) require generic but still 'tailor made' techniques to quantify all relevant variables and to provide an integral view of the system's status. One of the few techniques that can assist in structuring such complex data in an integrative way is the Drivers-Pressures-Status-Impacts-Responses (DPSIR) approach. Support and regulatory services (such as water supply and water quality) are essential to sustain crucial ecosystem processes and functions while the water required for human activities (water demand) is an essential system service. With the help of DPSIR, the main changes in the Mondego Estuary ecosystem (Portugal) were outlined, used as an illustrative example, and causes and effects described. Within the Mondego Estuary region the main water consumers are agriculture, industry, and households. Baseline scenarios predict an increase in water usage by mainly the touristic service sector. Our analysis illustrates that pressures from human population growth and related activities gradually increased over the studied period. Land-use patterns, diversion of freshwater flows, water pollution and morphological interventions directly caused physical, chemical, and biological modification and degradation. This consequently led to negative ecological and socio-economic impacts, such as eutrophication. The scenarios suggest an increased pressure based on an expected 8% annual population growth and an average annual decreased pressure of 5.2% per annum due to the current reduction in agriculture. The results show that understanding the water use-related complex and intricate trade-offs among ecological, social, and economic goals is fundamental in designing and implementing management policies and ecosystems restoration schemes. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Adaptation behavior in the face of global climate change: Survey responses from experts and decision makers serving the Florida KeysPallab Mozumder | Evan Flugman | Timothy Randhir
Volume 54, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 37-44
We conduct a survey to elicit responses from experts and decision makers serving the Florida Keys regarding vulnerability to global climate change. Study findings reveal deep concern among federal, state and local experts and decision makers about adverse impacts at the local level. A large majority of respondents recognize the increasing likelihood of dynamic, potentially irreversible, socioeconomic and ecological repercussions for the Florida Keys. However, very few experts and decision makers report that their respective agencies have developed formal adaptation plans. Respondents identify significant institutional and social barriers to adaptation and convey their support for a host of strategic measures to facilitate adaptation on an urgent basis. The implications of our findings are discussed in the context of enhancing adaptive capacity and resilience in the Florida Keys and beyond. Information generated from this study can provide functional guidance for improving decision-support systems and promoting adaptation policies. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
Oil spill hazard and risk assessment for the shorelines of a Mediterranean coastal archipelagoAntonio Olita | Andrea Cucco | Simone Simeone | Alberto Ribotti | Leopoldo Fazioli | Barbara Sorgente | Roberto Sorgente
Volume 57, Issue , March 2012, Pages 44-52
Oil spill is a serious threat for all marine and coastal environments. This is even more true for areas having high environmental, social and/or touristic value. A serious and scientifically rigorous identification of the hazard and risk related to oil slicks is becoming mandatory, in order to reduce or mitigate the impact of oil dispersal at sea and its stranding. A new model based method for evaluating hazard of oil slicks contact with shorelines of the Archipelago of La Maddalena (Strait of Bonifacio, Sardinia, Italy) has been developed and applied. The core of the methodology is a coastal 3D finite elements model, able to simulate hydrodynamics and waves of the strait of Bonifacio and, through a Lagrangian module, the physical/chemical fate of the oil at sea. In order to estimate the hazard due to oil slicks for the Archipelago and Northern Sardinia shorelines, a two-years interannual experiment has been conducted. An hazard index, given by the ratio between the oil concentration reaching each predefined coastal cell and the maximum stranded concentration, has been computed and mapped by using geostatistic tools in GIS environment. Temporal and spatial variability as well as the climatological distribution of the hazard index were therefore described: this can be an useful information for local authorities in order to efficiently manage oil slick emergencies. A significant temporal and spatial variability has been observed in the distribution of the hazard index, showing highest values for winter months, in agreement with stronger wind-induced currents. Large hazard values were found mainly along westerly exposed shorelines, as expected considering the prevalence of westerly winds blowing through the Strait. In order to assess the risk, such a hazard index can be easily combined with quali-quantitative factors of vulnerability of the coastal environment, assuming the risk is the product of hazard and vulnerability. Two of the most important factors of vulnerability have been combined with the hazard index: the shores geomorphology and the level of environmental protection (proxy for the environmental value). The southern side of Spargi Island shows the highest risk values, because of coincident presence of large hazard index values, beaches presenting last classes of geomorphological vulnerability and a moderate/high level of protection. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.


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The website for the Church of England Parishes of Ampfield, Chilworth and North Baddesley, in the Deanery of Romsey and the Diocese of Winchester.
There are four churches in the Benefice.
St. Marks, Ampfield
St. Denys, Chilworth
St. John the Baptist, North Baddesley
All Saints, North Baddesley
See link below for weekly news sheet
The Vicar of the Benefice is Victoria Ashdown – her contact details are
email@example.com Tel: 023 8178 8031
CHILDREN'S CRAFT CLUB is now taking its Summer break and will start again on Wednesday 7th September 3.30 – 5.30 pm in All Saints Church. For more details follow this link
For general enquiries please contact Sally the Parish Administrator at the Parish Office.
The office is the first point of contact for enquiries about Weddings
The Church School for the parish is Ampfield C of E primary School, which is situated in Knapp Lane in Ampfield. Close ties are kept between St Marks church and school and the clergy have a regular presence in the school during the week.


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The revival of the Wauwatosa East varsity baseball alumni games will be held July 28 at Breitlow Field and interested players should contact Tosa East coach Brian Karas at email@example.com or (414) 640-1999.
The day will consist of two games between the Red Team and the White Team at 11 a.m. and will be followed by a second game 15 minutes later.
Teams will be divided up when registrations are returned.
Batting practice will be allowed on the field from 9 to 10:45 a.m. or in the hitting tunnel. Please don't wait until the last minute since most players would like to take a few pregame swings.
A $20 entry fee is needed to defer the cost of umpires, alumni T-shirts, soda at the field and food/beverages at Leff's Lucky Town after the second game. All players are invited to Leff's starting at about 4 p.m.
Deadline for entry is July 18.
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A robots.txt file is used to tell search robots which pages on your website you want indexed and which pages to disregard when crawling the website. Thus pages with sensitive content can be excluded from search results at the behest of the client.
When implementing an SEO campaign for a website it is important to review and revise the robot.txt file once the site has gone live and the SEO campaign has been in action for a while. A robot.txt file is always located in the main directory of a website and when a search engine robots comes across the website, they look to this file for instructions. New instructions will make them aware of the fact that the website content has been updated and that there are new files to be indexed.
Secondly the robot.txt file may be excluding content that needs to be indexed, and a revision of this file can correct the problem. A review will also highlight any other potential problems that can arise as a result of the robot.txt file.
The chief aim of a robot.txt file review is to ensure that nothing on the main website is being excluded for any reason other than the fact that the client asked for it.


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Very sweet and loving. Born 6/27/2016 and last vet visit was 9/7/2016. He is in good health and up to date on all vaccines. He is well socialized with…$1,500
We are a proven show home with health tested dogs and breed stock. I am selling our Pick of the Litter female from our Kingston x Sugar breeding. Lucy…$750
We have goldendoodle puppies that will be ready for loving homes 11/25/2016. We have 4 cream females, 2 black females, and 2 black males. They were born…$800
One gone; 2 left. Extremely cute, lovable and tiny ball of energy. I have 3 males born the second week of August. Fully weened and ready to go to a family…$400
3yo male fixed...shots up to date...good temperament....Brown and tan...I am not home enough to be able to properly care for him.$1
Bart is a wonderful, cuddly, male Havanese. He will bring a smile to your face. He will make a great pet! Bart is a great choice for a first-time puppy…$699
Bambi is a bubbly, playful, female Havanese. She comes with a one-year health warranty and is up-to-date on her shots and dewormings. She loves to play…$799
Dolly is a cute, female Havanese!!! She is beautiful and has a very soft coat! She will only be 12-14 lbs full grown! She is up-to-date on her shots and…$799


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Microsoft urged to speed patch releases
Microsoft has been urged to issue security updates more frequently, after the company was last week forced to release a security patch ahead of schedule for a vulnerability it first knew about in 2006.
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Risk management
Microsoft has been urged to issue security updates more frequently, after the company was last week forced to release a security patch ahead of schedule for a vulnerability it first knew about in 2006.
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Microsoft security manager Christopher Budd said the firm had known about the animated cursor exploit since December last year and had been working on a fix. A security update for the flaw, which was due to be released today (10 April), instead came out a week early.
Raimund Genes, CTO of anti-malware at security firm Trend Micro, said that demand was growing for a more immediate response from Microsoft, particularly as more unofficial fixes were being released.
For the animated cursor exploit, patches had already been created by eEye Digital Security and the Zeroday Emergency Response Team.
"A closed-source shop like Microsoft will tend to want to keep a lid on the vulnerability for as long as possible, and it does," said Forrester security analyst Bill Nagel.
A Microsoft spokesman said many factors affected the length of time it took to create a fix, including the "scope and impact" of a threat on the affected product.
Nagel says that zero-day attacks were getting nastier and better organised, and that the response of third parties releasing unofficial patches before the software supplier itself is an emerging trend. As a lot more exploits are also being released on Patch Tuesday (or the day after), Nagel recommends IT security managers should draft plans to deal with this type of attack.
"Determining a realistic threat level is important in the current example, this will give security managers guidance on whether to apply an unofficial patch or wait for the official Microsoft response."
He reminds users that if they apply an unofficial patch, they will need to uninstall it before installing the official MSFT patch and that they should only download a third-party patch signed by a trusted source.
"If possible, audit the source code yourself to ensure that it only does what it claims to do - otherwise, your patch might contain a Trojan worsen than the flaw it claims to fix."
Blogger pips Microsoft to post with Vista fixes
A website has already made available more than 100 fixes for Windows Vista, which are expected to be officially released in Microsoft's Windows Vista Service Pack 1 later in the year.
Ethan Allen, owner of vistasp1.net and TheHotfix.net blog claims to have received the patches from a source at Microsoft who had access to the technology.
The patches address device driver and software compatibility issues although none have been listed which deal with security.
Microsoft's April security update
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Tim Wilson, deputy head of ICT at NHS City & Hackney, on ISO 27000 compliance
Input from the business vital to risk management in infosec, says CISO for Steria UK


text: This time-lapse video documents the Dutch graphic artist Parra at work on his mural Weirded Out (2012) on SFMOMA's second-floor landing, and is set to music made by Parra's electronic music group Le Le. The site-specific work was commissioned by the museum and features the artist's signature hand-drawn typography and hybrid human-animal figures. The mural is now a permanent part of the museum's Architecture + Design collection.


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SimTek Fence, a large fencing distributor that services over 2,100 Home Depot stores throughout the country, wants to create a shipping base in Easton.
The company was unanimously granted a use variance from the city's planning commission Wednesday that will allow it to lease a portion of a 30,000-square-foot building located on 1 Adamson Street in spite zoning regulations that otherwise prevented the move.
The location, currently in a 100-year flood plain district, requires certain applicants to seek council approval before developing or relocating.
Easton officials, though, were convinced that the project would not pose an environmental risk to the area.
"No hazardous materials of any kind will be stored on this site," said planner Michael Handzo. "The applicant has described clear procedures for flood management and evacuation."
If a flood emergency occurs, the applicant says they will be twelve feet above the flood plain elevation, which the board said was to its satisfaction.
According to Hanzo, the proposed 3-year lease is also in accordance with rules and regulations set forth by the city's comprehensive plan and also matched the design density, function and spirit of the district, which is comprised of both manufacturing as well as residential parcels.
The application will now be heard by the City of Easton council, with the planning commission's recommendation, where it will receive its final decision.
SimTek Vice President of Operations says his crew is ready for the subsequent steps.
"We are ready to flip the switch as soon as [we get final approval]," he said.
The Easton Planning Commission also raised concerns over parking and shared space, since SimTek will only occupy 8,000 square feet of the River Corridor property, but representatives assured them that the company would receive only 16 daily truck trips and that the space is large enough to be split between two companies.
SimTek is based out of Oren, Utah, where up until this point it has conducted its manufacturing operations.
Haddock says the move to Easton will allow the company to better service its East Coast customers, extending from Maine down to Virginia.


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Auburn will host its third and final Junior Day of the spring on Saturday and many top prospects are expected to be in attendance.
NC d-tackle plans to visit AU this weekend
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The University of Alabama has landed 5-star tackle A'Shawn Robinson.
A'Shawn Robinson has committed to #Alabama. Ranked #34 nationally by #247Composite. #SigningDay 247sports.com/Player/AShawn-…— BamaOnline (@BamaOnline247) February 6, 2013
The Fort Worth native decommitted from Texas on Feb. 2, instantly naming Alabama the front-runner in the process, via 247Sports.com. It came just over a week after he visited the Longhorns. He visited the Crimson Tide on Jan. 18.
The 6'5", 304-pounder has the potential to play on the offensive line or the defensive line in college. With the size, strength and frame to be a beast in college, Robinson predictably was courted by plenty of high-profile schools during the recruiting process.
Choosing Alabama is no surprise for an elite offensive lineman like Robinson. Nick Saban's staff has done a remarkable job of taking young players with talent all over the O-line and coaching them up to and above their potential.
All you have to do is look at the footage of the Crimson Tide's victory over Notre Dame in the BCS championship game to see what this program can do when it has time to work with an offensive line.
Those five players up front are always big, always fast and always intense. Robinson will only add to the legacy of impact offensive linemen Saban has been able to bring in since taking over this program.
From the SEC to the Big 12 to the Big Ten to the Pac-12, everyone wanted to get their hands on the promising behemoth.
Will A'Shawn Robinson be a star in college?
Robinson has the burst to be an excellent defensive lineman. His strength also makes him a roadblock against the run. Combined with his strong hands and length, it's no wonder he was able to be a formidable player on both lines at Arlington Heights High School. Some believe he has the potential to be an excellent run-blocker, as well.
Robinson made it clear that he would not be taken lightly during the recruiting process. Given he was a 5-star recruit, it was only natural that he would look around for the right fit. One thing's for sure: After a lengthy process for the big lineman, a lot of eyes are going to be on him at the college level.
Will Robinson live up to the hype? That's for him to answer. Given his measurables and versatility, he has the potential to be something special.
Wanna talk sports?


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Having promoted prospects Olli Maatta, Zach Sill, Brian Gibbons and Jayson Megna this season, the Pittsburgh Penguins have relied a great deal on their farm system already this year. And with 10 impending free agents currently on the roster, they may rely on it even more in the coming months.
As a team built primarily through the draft, the Penguins have been very successful in developing NHL-caliber players, and 13 players who have taken the ice for the Pens this season are products of their farm system.
As the Pens and their fans wait to see if the current group of call-ups can take the next step in their development at the NHL level, let's look at, in no particular order, the next five Pittsburgh Penguins prospects who figure to be not far behind.


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Corporate Membership is available to companies and organisations. A Corporate Member and its nominees may use the facilities and attend various functions of the Association, subject to the rules and regulations imposed on Corporate Members.
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2010 American Music Awards Red Carpet Fashion Photos
The 2010 American Music Awards took place Sunday, November 21, at NOKIA Theatre in Los Angeles, California. Stars such as Taylor Swift, Rihanna and Miley Cyrus walked the red carpet, dressed their best (or worst) for the occasion. Check out who wore what to the 2010 AMAs and tell us who you think was worst and best dressed Sunday night. (Click here to see the list of 2010 AMA winners.)+Continue Reading


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Chicago Bears offensive lineman A.J. Greene was only a starter for a brief period during his career at Auburn. The 6-5, 298 pounder started his senior year, yet only appeared in three games the prior three seasons.
He was invited to the 2012 Scouting Combine but before the event, announced his retirement from football. NFL scouts and coaches never got to see him up close.
Shortly thereafter, he changed his tune and chose to give football one more chance. As such, he went undrafted, yet the Bears picked him up immediately following the draft. He was an offensive tackle in college but has been working at left guard with backups so far in Bears training camp.
Bear Report correspondent Beth Gorr goes one-on-one with Greene.
"I can't believe that this is the final week of camp. It seems as if this thing has just started. It's been a busy few weeks, that's for sure. We've had meetings, conditioning, practice and more meetings. If you aren't careful, it's relatively easy to exhaust yourself. I try to rest any chance I get. So far that is working for me as I feel good both physically and mentally.
"I'm a tackle out of Auburn, the same school that Jason Campbell went to. Having this opportunity to play with the Bears is something beyond my dreams. I am so happy to be here and I'm working 24/7 to be certain that I stay here.
"Right now, I'm having a rookie moment, carrying a pile of other player's pads and helmets off of the field. I really don't mind that at all. Coming in I expected to have to pay my dues.
"The other night we had to sing for the vets during dinner. It was fun in a strange sort of way. I was OK as a singer but not great. I don't think I'll have a career in that field any time soon.
"One thing that has surprised me since I've been here is the cooperation among players, even including the new guys. If any of us have questions, somebody is always available to help out. It's also true with the coaches. Today I stayed after practice working on my technique. The other tackles were right there with me, helping me do a better job on blocking.
"What do I think I bring to this team? I tend to pick up plays quickly and I'm good at protection. I'm large at 6-5, 298, but I can move quickly. The program at Auburn was an excellent one and I know being there has helped me with my confidence. I feel that foundation has a major impact in my transition to playing football at this level.
"Last week's game was a lot of fun. It was great to see players we don't know and try to figure out their moves. We face the Bears' defense every day. Going against other guys was enjoyable and something I'd definitely been looking forward to. The energy on the field changes depending on who is out there. It's something I'll be looking forward to experiencing again as the weeks go forward.
"The results of the game were not what we'd hoped for but we've learned a lot and will go on from there. We've been watching film and analyzing our mistakes. Hopefully those mistakes will not be repeated anytime soon.
"The atmosphere at Soldier Field was electric. I've been in big games during college but I'd never experienced anything like that. Words can't even describe what Soldier Field was like to me that night. Playing there during the regular season is going to be a whole lot of fun.
"Between now and then I want to get as many reps in as I possibly can. Any time you can get experience as a new player, it's all good.
"I'm willing to go wherever the coaches tell me to go and to do anything they want me to do. I'm trying to develop as a versatile player. I'm not working on any particular skills at the moment, just concentrating on doing everything right. I'm trying to get better where the coaches want me to improve. My blocking technique can use some upgrades. Today after practice a few of us were working on how we can better get inside the numbers. I'll just keep going on that one until I get that right."
Beth Gorr has been covering the Bears for the last 12 years and is the author of Bear Memories: The Chicago-Green Bay Rivalry. She is currently working on a second book about early Bears history.


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'Friday Night Lights' fifth and final season to premiere Oct. 27
That the fifth season of "Friday Night Lights" would be the show's last is one of those things everyone's understood for a long time, going back to when NBC and DirecTV extended their deal for two more years at the end of season three. But that ending was never official until today, when DirecTV announced that "the fifth and final season" will premiere on Wednesday, Oct. 27 at 9 p.m. on The 101 Network.
(As it's been for the past few seasons, DirecTV has an exclusive window to air the episodes in the fall and early winter, and they likely won't turn up on NBC/Hulu/iTunes/etc. until until next summer. That was the plan for season 4, and only NBC's desperate post-"Jay Leno Show" need for primetime content got it on the air sooner.)
"FNL" showrunner Jason Katims has always been the one voice trying to suggest that the show could have life beyond that fifth season, but even he acknowledged that this was it in the DirecTV press release:
"Going into season five, knowing it would likely be the final season, everyone involved with the show turned our focus to trying to make the best possible thirteen episodes we could," Katims said. "It was moving to watch the writers, cast, producers, directors and everyone on the team pull together like that. We wanted a great ending. We wanted to leave it all on the field."
The season five regular cast will feature Emmy nominees Kyle Chandler and Connie Britton, plus Aimee Teegarden (the last of the show's original kid actors, and I'm curious to see the excuse they use to keep Julie close by when she's been so set on leaving Dillon for years), Michael B. Jordan, Matt Lauria, Jurnee Smollett, Madison Burge and new addition Grey Damon. In addition, a number of former regulars - including Jesse Plemmons, Taylor Kitsch, Scott Porter, Adrianne Palicki and Zach Gilford - "will return throughout the course of the final season."
That "Friday Night Lights" is going to end is disappointing. That it will have lasted five seasons, given the unfortunately tiny ratings, is a miracle, and hopefully a harbinger of a TV future where new business models are created to allow brilliant but low-rated series like this one to survive. Without DirecTV, NBC would have canceled the show after season two and its unfortunate murder plot, trip to Mexico, age-inappropriate affairs, etc. Thanks to DirecTV, we got proper farewells for Smash and Street, another nail-biter at State, the series' reinvention in East Dillon, Tim Riggins' long walk into the sheriff's station, and a whole lot more.
To quote a halftime moment from the season four finale:
What are we?
What do we play with?
What do we play for?
What are we?


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42 years of experience
4660 Kenmore Ave
Alexandria, VA 22304 Phone number & directions
A medical license is required for a doctor to practice medicine in a particular state. Requirements vary by state but most require, at a minimum, post-graduate training in the doctor's specific specialty. An NPI number is a national identifier unique to an individual health care provider and is managed by the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).
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Specialties & Research
- He has special expertise in 1 area:
- Colorectal Surgery
Education & Awards
Dr. Nigro graduated from Cornell University, New York.
Dr. Nigro has 1 hospital affiliations:
- Inova Alexandria Hospital
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- Dr. Michael Francis Nigro MD is a male Surgeon, has 42 years of experience and practices in Surgery.
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- Dr. Michael Nigro has 1 office location.
Dr. Michael Nigro practices Surgery near Alexandria, VA.
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