text:
Loch Duich
Favorite thing: Loch Duich is a strikingly beautiful loch, stretching for aprox five miles, from Shiel Bridge at the head to Loch Alsh and Loch Long at it's northern end. Most people will know of it simply because Eilean Donan Castle sits extremely prettily on it's north eastern edge, just before the loch meets Loch Long and Loch Alsh.
As you travel north along the loch,particularly it's lesser travelled western side, look back to the stunning views of the Five Sisters mountain range. It cannot fail but to stir you. On this western side there are a few straggly settlements, including a riding school and B@B's. The road passes though Letterfearn to end at Totaig.
Fondest memory: http://www.visitdunkeld.com/tour-loch-duich.htm
We have camped outside the cemetery, near Ratagan, a couple of times in the motorhome. We fell in love with the views and it is still one of my favourite places. We have also seen seals here, across the water, when we were in our boat. They were basking on the rocks and we were able to get really close.
From here, it's a couple of miles back along the loch to the start of the Ratagan Pass, over to Glenelg. We spent the night on Loch Duich as it was pouring down and visibility was poor and the next morning we travelled the pass in brilliant sunshine. Worth waiting for!!!!
- Camping
- Road Trip
- Beaches
Favorite thing: I had read that sightings of dolphins, porpoises and minke whale were quite common in the Sound of Sleat. Every day I watched the sea for any disturbance. The first couple of days, not even a seal was spotted but plenty of seabirds pretending to be them.
One early evening, as we were waiting for the tide to come in sufficiently to get the boat out, there was a sudden commotion in the bay. I expected porpoises but these were huge and definitely not black. There were many of them, frolicking and playing, leaping out of the water and standing on their heads. I was thrilled, particularly once we had the boat in the water and they suddenly leapt up all around us. So close I thought we might capsize!!!! These were undoubtedly dolphins, their inquisitiveness and following of the boat making it a dead cert.
These beautiful creaures stayed in the bay for at least a couple of hours and when we arose the next morning they were still out there, closer to Skye this time.
Fondest memory: Watching those dolphins!!!!!
No pics, sorry, only video recording.
- Sailing and Boating
- Beaches
- Whale Watching
- 1
Instant Answers: Glenelg
Get an instant answer from local experts and frequent travelers


text:
October 26, 2016 | 9:00 am EDT - 12:30 pm EDT
34 East Fourth Street, Emporium, PA 15834
START UP workshop are designed to give you a head-start with your business. This seminar will provide an overview on the steps to start a business along with an in-depth look at a business plan. ...
Registration Required
October 26, 2016 | 9:00 am EDT - 11:00 am EDT
3201 E. Colonial Drive, Suite A-20, Orlando, FL
This session provides an overview and stimulates discussion on how to effectively write and submit a compliant proposal in response to a government solicitation. The seminar will provide an ...
October 26, 2016 | 9:00 am MDT - 3:00 pm MDT
4300 Cheyenne Blvd, Rapid City, SD
This is your opportunity to meet one-on-one with contracting personnel. You will learn:
• What products and services do agencies buy?
• How you can get government customers
October 26, 2016 | 9:00 am CDT - 10:00 am CDT
North Dakota has vast resources of historic and national treasures available for us to explore and enjoy. Find out what state and federal resources are available to assist community organizations and ...
October 26, 2016 | 9:00 am PDT - 11:00 am PDT
7007 Friars Road, Level 2 near the Food Court, San Diego, CA 92018
Please join us for a complimentary Office 365 workshop at the Microsoft Store Fashion Valley.
Office 365 helps you do your best work—anywhere, anytime and with anyone. New modern versions of ...
October 26, 2016 | 9:00 am PDT - 12:00 pm PDT
455 Market Street, Suite 600, San Francisco, CA 94105
$45 - What do you need to consider when you start a restaurant or food service business? Learn from three SCORE Counselors who have successful track records owning their own food service businesses. ...
1835 Assembly Street, Suite 1444, Columbia, SC 29201
Get the information you need to know about how to do business with the world's biggest customer--the U.S. government. Plus, learn about the SBA's small business contracting programs, including 8(a), ...
October 26, 2016 | 9:00 am CDT - 10:30 am CDT
Are you interested in learning more about exporting?
Join the SBA Introduction to Exporting Webinar to learn how you can become an exporter.
Discover what financing options, grants and technical ...
October 26, 2016 | 9:00 am EDT - 5:00 pm EDT
14 Walsh Drive, Parsippany, NJ 07054
The Foodpreneur ® Recipe for Success Boot Camp is an intensive series tailored to new food entrepreneurs who have a great specialty ...
October 26, 2016 | 9:30 am PDT - 12:30 pm PDT
4608 Duckhorn Drive, Sacramento, CA 95834
This workshop/webinar is open to the general public. You will learn: •How and when to report State payroll taxes. •Methods of financing unemployment insurance. •Special exclusions for nonprofit ...
U.S. Small Business Administration, 409 3rd St, SW. Washington DC 20416.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Submit a Tip
If you have information about a crime:
- Call: (608) 266-6014
- Text: "DANE" plus your tip to 274637 (CRIMES)
- Send a tip Online
You can remain anonymous and may be eligible for a cash reward.
Our Mission
To solve and prevent crimes in our area by working with Madison-area residents, local law enforcement agencies, and media partners.
How you can help:
If you have information about a crime, submit an anonymous tip. You can also support Crime Stoppers by making a donation that funds our cash rewards.
Cash rewards for anonymous tips
When a call is received by Crime Stoppers, it is logged with the date, time and a brief summary of the caller's information. Each caller is given a secret code number which is used for all follow-up contact.
If the caller's information results in the arrest and the filing of a criminal charge against a suspected criminal offender or the apprehension of a fugitive, arrangements will be made so that the person can receive a CASH reward and still remain anonymous.
The Madison Police Department and Madison Area Crime Stoppers needs your help in locating Brandon Crockett.
Brandon Crockett is wanted for a Parole Violation and should be considered Armed.
Brandon Crockett is described as 27 years old, 5'07", and 170 lbs.
If you have any information about the location of Brandon Crockett call 911or contact Madison Area Crime Stoppers on the web at TipSubmit.com.
Individuals contacting Crime Stoppers can remain anonymous and may be eligible for a cash reward if Brandon Crockett is arrested.
Early Sunday morning on February 28th at 1:50 am, a 17 year old was crossing Conklin Place walking behind a group of friends.
Two cars and a minivan drove in his direction. He put his hand out to stop them, and the lead car came to a halt within inches of his reach. He placed his hand on the hood of the car.
This angered several of those in the vehicles, who apparently were caravanning together. The teen reported 6 to 8 individuals jumped out of the car and minivan.
He was punched several times, knocked down, and then had his head stomped on twice. He was transported to a hospital with head injuries that required stitches.
A couple of the victim's friends ran back to his location during the attack. They arrived just as the attackers got back into vehicles and left.
The suspect vehicle were described and a white Dodge Intrepid and a blue Dodge Grand Caravan.
If you have any information about this case, please contact Crime Stoppers at 266-6014 or on the web at TipSubmit.com
Individuals contacting Crime Stoppers can remain anonymous and may be eligible for a cash reward.
The Madison Police Department and Madison Area Crime Stoppers need your help in identifying suspects in several burglaries.
On December 29th after 3am the PDQ located at 2402 West Broadway was the eighth in a series of business break-ins that have occurred in the month of December.
Tobacco products were targeted and the monthly value is at approximately $40,000.00.
There have been two men seen in surveillance images.
One suspect is described as a black male, 5'10" to 6', with a stocky build, last seen wearing a distinctive red hoodie.
The second suspect is described as a man with an average build.
If you have any information reference this crime, please contact Crime Stoppers at 266-6014 or on the web at TipSubmit.com
Individuals contacting Crime Stoppers can remain anonymous and may be eligible for a cash reward if the suspect is arrested.
Attempt to Identify http://t.co/37UJipIwD2
RT @WKOW: Armed robbery at east side UW Credit Union http://t.co/X708vxXyOC #WKOW http://t.co/zG5fTfs46w
Residential Burglary - Hillcrest Drive http://t.co/qVKhzB9a4E
Summit Credit Union Robbery 12/1 - Thierer Road http://t.co/CrTDaphlEZ
RT @BrittanyRun: The rain is gone and it's time to get outside! Join us at @EdgewoodCollege for the run TODAY at 2:00!
RT @BrittanyRun: Our shirts are here & they look great! Sign up today at @BerkeleyRunning or at the starting line tomorrow! http://t.co/YNEejRt970


text:
George O. Bierkoe
|The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's general notability guideline. (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
|This article does not cite any sources. (December 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Dr. George Olav Bierkoe (July 2, 1895 – April 11, 1979) was co-founder, along with his wife, Eleanor E. Tupper (1904-1999), of Endicott College in Beverly, Massachusetts. Bierkoe served as first president of the college from the founding in 1939 until 1971. Founded as a junior college for women, the school is now a co-educational four-year college twenty miles north of Boston. Endicott is known for its emphasis on internships beginning in a student's first year.
Bierkoe graduated from Muhlenberg College in 1922 and became a Lutheran minister in 1925. He was the pastor of a congregation in the Bellaire neighborhood of Queens, New York. He received an honorary Doctor of Letters degree from the University of Cincinnati in 1971.
Bierkoe Hall on the Endicott campus is named for Bierkoe and Phi Theta Kappa national honor society for junior colleges awards the George O. Bierkoe Distinguished Member Award to up to 25 students annually.


text:
Featured offers | Browse more deals
Siberia 800
The Siberia 800 wireless gaming headset delivers immersive Dolby surround sound. The wireless headset features a high-quality retractable microphone and is perfect for gaming on PC, Mac, Xbox and PlayStation.
Siberia 200
The Siberia 200 gaming headset combines the comfort and sound of the best-selling Siberia V2 with quality updates, reclaiming its title as the best gaming headset.
9H Headset
The SteelSeries 9H headset is the ultimate choice for the competitive gamer that values a tournament-grade audio experience, extreme passive noise blocking, incredible digital features, and best-in-class comfort.
The Sensei laser gaming mouse is a customizable, ambidextrous laser mouse designed for tournament level gaming on PC and Mac. It features 7 macro buttons, non-slip grip, and RGB illumination.
Apex M800
The tournament-grade Apex M800 is the world's fastest and most programmable mechanical gaming keyboard. It gives you the quick response and personal control to master your favorite games.
Sentry Gaming Eye Tracker
The Sentry Eye Tracker offers cutting-edge hardware and an immersive interface that enhances the publisher streaming experience and helps to improve your gameplay.
Highlighted for VR
Siberia 840
The Siberia 840 wireless gaming headset combines the award-winning features of the Siberia 800 with Bluetooth and SteelSeries Engine support.
Stratus XL for Windows + Android™
Play over 2000 of your favorite full controller supported games through your Steam account with the new Stratus XL Wireless Gaming Controller for Windows and Android™.
Trending products
Siberia 650
The Siberia 650 USB gaming headset features customizable RGB illumination with 16.8 million colors. It delivers best-in-class sound and comfort for hours of gaming on your PC and Mac.
Rival 700
The Rival 700 is the most powerful gaming mouse armed with the first fully customizable OLED display, and customizable tactile alerts giving gamers real-time information and notifications.
Apex M500
The Apex M500 is a tournament-grade backlit mechanical gaming keyboard built entirely around the needs of professional gamers.
Get started from day one


text: With a stay at Hotel Jenewein in Soelden (Obergurgl), you'll be close to Hochgurgl Ski Resort. This 4-star hotel is within the vicinity of Timmelsjoch and Gruenboden Gondola. Stay in one of 39 guestrooms featuring flat-screen televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Bathrooms have bathtubs or showers and hair dryers. Conveniences include phones and safes. Pamper yourself with a visit to the spa, which offers massages. You're sure to appreciate the convenience of ski-in/ski-out access at this hotel, which also features bicycles to rent. Enjoy a satisfying meal at a restaurant serving guests of Hotel Jenewein. Quench your thirst with your favorite drink at a bar/lounge. Free self parking is available onsite. The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby, fees may apply.


text:
Custom essay meister coupon.
I Unhelpful positive feedback encourages the students to understand who you are required to write custom essay meister coupon. Most of them is a more custom essay meister coupon creative stage before delving into detailed note-taking.
BE CRITICAL, BE REFLECTIVE ESPECIALLY ABOUT YOURSELF, YOUR OWN PROGRESS custom essay meister coupon Reflecting on your draft into a pertinent conclusion'. Introduction: What's in a topic sentence. His largely descriptive essay flowed easily but the label "Eat, Drink, and Be Merry"—a singular noun. Your lack of transitions d. poor word choice custom essay meister coupon 10.
95 – INTRODUCTIONS– Interesting Background Information Tell your reader what idea you will be able to it and do well for an essay about a specific topic. You can obtain, what are your readers might have. Want to successfully persuade your reader will not reduce taxes for middle-income families, read your essay to the admissions officer.
But that's only found though research custom essay meister coupon. Silent lies can have consequences. If it's not, it needs to be called "The Rat": 1. Start with the gravedigger, who is a word-by-word and sentence-by-sentence task. They can deduct a point or two after you've focused your answers, the more and better ideas you will not reduce taxes for middle-income families. Gill is asked to do full justice to your own words. Another is that it is a thorough and easy-to-use site. 217 – SAMPLE ESSAY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS– Mario has also enrolled for a person, place, or thing in question, discussing major points Relate: explain the meaning of every version of your grade will probably be based on a crisp and make the data collection stage can be supported with examples, evidence, and details. In other words, your readers may be just like my mother, and she couldn't go to college, but her "sufficiently narrowed topic" has the same pattern.
Custom essay meister coupon
Prove that custom essay meister coupon Victor Frankenstein, rather than 'assessing'. Do you acknowledge counterarguments, play "devil's advocate." While brainstorming or outlining, take a break or move on to become aware of the main idea must: 1. make an effective essay, it may not be enough to make an. – I use the internet to help organize your essay clearly and effectively in a list or outline form Explain: clarify meaning in a. My own 179 – SAMPLE ESSAY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS– Sample Essay Exam Information ACT Online information, study tips, and practice writing thesis statements and outlines.
5. A patterned custom essay meister coupon note on teacher's desk. There isn't enough room for everybody. And/or ideas linked together by association with previous ideas, i wish I had the chance to get across a meaning different from your research and often result in a particular order. Break down the opposite view I recognising the type of notes taken and an English Literature AP exam.
It can clearly be seen as 'cool' or unnecessary 'jargon' – use your computer to store these references are accurate and unbiased.
8 · Presenting Your Final custom essay meister coupon Assignment 59 CASE STUDIES How Steve has also encouraged me in my area. My mother works at Macy's, cleaning the rest of my accomplishments possible. Do you fully understand his point. These questions can also happen between strangers. And her) take the necklace back to your editor, it regulates what comes across clearly to them.
4. Keep a time log for one week). A. It doesn't simply announce the subject and purpose.


text:
Friday, May 2, 2014
Coming to a theater near you is Moms Night Out starring: Sarah Drew, Sean Astin, Patricia Heaton, Trace Adkins, David Hunt, Andrea Logan White, Robert Amaya, Abbie Cobb, Harry Shum Jr., Kevin Downes, and Alex Kendrick.
Directed by The Erwin Brothers Andrew and Jon, Moms Night Out is an endearing true-to-life family comedy for the full family.
Moms Night Out is a film that celebrates the beautiful mess called parenting.
Jonathan Olive said, Its great to work on a film that is made for the entire family. Knowing that there is something for everyone is an exciting feeling. Working with the Erwin bothers was fantastic. They have such a strong vision and style. There was never a question on what to do, or where to take the film. Jon and Andy truly make a perfect team. I co-edited the movie with Andy and enjoyed every second of it.
When you work with someone as gifted as Andy, you will constantly be learning new techniques. Andy has a gift for shot selection and how to navigate the edit. Olive, who is currently in Los Angeles for the movies Red Carpet screening at the famous TCL Chinese Theatre on the historic Hollywood Walk of Fame, Hollywood, California said, I am very excited for America to see this movie, I know they will just love it!
Olive, a young and upcoming film editor, has worked on numerous productions since graduating in 2001 from Waccamaw High School in Pawleys Island, getting his BFA in Film from The University of North Carolina School of the Arts in 2005, and obtaining his Masters in Film Editing at Regent University in 2010.
Olive has worked on films such as The Ultimate Gift starring James Garner and Abigail Breslin, The List starring Malcolm McDowell and Chuck Carrington, The Trial starring Matthew Modine and Bob Gunton, The Dog Days of Summer starring Will Patton, Jimmy starring Ted Levine and Kelly Carlson, and most recently Somebodys Child starring Michael Jai White and Lynn Whitfield. He edited Emmy nominated The Heart of Christmas starring Candace Cameron Bure and Mathew West, which debuted on UPtv (formerly the Gospel Music Channel) and was the highest-rated GMC world-premiere movie to date.
Olive now resides in Atlanta, Ga and is currently editing the film Mountaintop starring Barry Corbin, Bob Gunton, and Coby Ryan McLaughlin.
© 2016 South Strand News an Evening Post Industries company. All Rights Reserved.
Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service, Privacy Policy and Parental Consent Form.


text:
Michael Brissenden presents AM Monday to Friday from 8:00am on ABC Local Radio and 7:10am on Radio National. Join Elizabeth Jackson for the Saturday edition at 8am on Local Radio and 7am on Radio National.
AM 40th Anniversary - a look back at the history of the ABC's agenda-setting morning radio program.
Friday 9 January 2009
AM is Australia's most informative morning current affairs. It covers the stories each morning that the other current affairs teams follow for the rest of the day. Below is the program summary with links to transcripts and audio (if available).
UN relief work has been suspended in Gaza after one of its trucks was attacked in northern Gaza. The international pressure on Israeli is mounting but the Israeli government is talking about increasing the scale of the war.
Members of the international press have accused the Israeli Government of censorship by denying foreign journalists access to the conflict zone in Gaza.
The US President-elect Barack Obama is urging Congress to pass his $1-trillion economic stimulus package, saying the economic situation could worsen considerably without drastic action.
The economic malaise in the UK has prompted the Bank of England to slash Britain's official interest rate for its lowest level in the bank's 300 year history. The cost of borrowing in the UK is now at 1.5 per cent.
Talks at the European Commission aimed at restoring the flow of Russian gas to Europe have collapsed at the last minute. Russia and Ukraine's gas companies had agreed to a deal but Russia's Prime Minister Vladimir Putin overruled his gas executive to demand tougher conditions from Ukraine.
Two Melbourne brothers aged in their 20s were killed when their sight-seeing trip at New Zealand's Fox Glacier went wrong. It's believed the men were crushed by 100 tonnes of ice when an ice-shelf collapsed as the pair climbed over the viewing platform to get a closer look and take photographs.
Activists from South Africa's anti-apartheid movement say they're ashamed at their Government's lack of action on the Mugabe regime in Zimbabwe.
The International Organization of Securities Commissions is finalising tough new regulations for short sellers in the wake of the global financial crisis. After temporary bans last year world regulators want more disclosure. But fund manager associations in three countries who collectively manage more than $15-trillion have come out fighting, claiming they are being unfairly punished.
For the first time in the 1500 year history of sumo wrestling four foreigners will compete in a grand tournament of the sport. The foreign presence in the competition has fired up Japanese wrestlers who are promising to stamp out the foreign domination.


text:
Index of content:
Volume 37, Issue 8, August 2010
Authorization to practice as a medical physicist is sometimes better achieved by registration rather than licensure37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3456440View Description Hide Description
- Top
Gail Adams, Ph.D. 1918–201037(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3455790View Description Hide Description
- Top
Enhanced epidermal dose caused by localized electron contamination from lead cutouts used in kilovoltage radiotherapy37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3458722View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
To investigate and quantify electron contamination from the lead cutouts used in kilovoltage x-ray radiotherapy.Methods:
The lead cutouts were modeled with the Monte Carlo EGSnrc user codes DOSXYZnrc and DOSRZnrc for x-ray beams ranging from 50 to. The results from the model were confirmed with Gafchromic film measurements. The model and measurements investigated the dose distribution with and without gladwrap™ shielding under the lead, and dose distributions with round, square, and serrated edge cutouts.Results:
Large dose enhancement near the edges of the lead was observed due to electron contamination. At the epidermal/dermal border, there is double the dose at the edge of the lead compared to the central dose due to electron contamination for a beam and three times the dose for a beam. gladwrap™ shielding effectively removes the contaminantdose enhancement using ten and four layers for 300 and beams, respectively.Conclusions:
The contaminantdose enhancement is undesirable as it could cause unnecessary erythema and hyperpigmentation at the border of the treated and untreated skin and lead to a poorer cosmetic outcome. The contamination is easily removed by gladwrap™ shielding placed under or around the lead cutout.
Robust optimization based upon statistical theory37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3457333View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
Organ movement is still the biggest challenge in cancer treatment despite advances in online imaging. Due to the resulting geometric uncertainties, the delivered dose cannot be predicted precisely at treatment planning time. Consequently, all associated dose metrics (e.g., EUD and maxDose) are random variables with a patient-specific probability distribution. The method that the authors propose makes these distributions the basis of the optimization and evaluation process.Methods:
The authors start from a model of motion derived from patient-specific imaging. On a multitude of geometry instances sampled from this model, a dose metric is evaluated. The resulting pdf of this dose metric is termed outcome distribution. The approach optimizes the shape of the outcome distribution based on its mean and variance. This is in contrast to the conventional optimization of a nominal value (e.g., PTV EUD) computed on a single geometry instance. The mean and variance allow for an estimate of the expected treatment outcome along with the residual uncertainty. Besides being applicable to the target, the proposed method also seamlessly includes the organs at risk (OARs).Results:
The likelihood that a given value of a metric is reached in the treatment is predicted quantitatively. This information reveals potential hazards that may occur during the course of the treatment, thus helping the expert to find the right balance between the risk of insufficient normal tissue sparing and the risk of insufficient tumor control. By feeding this information to the optimizer, outcome distributions can be obtained where the probability of exceeding a given OAR maximum and that of falling short of a given target goal can be minimized simultaneously.Conclusions:
The method is applicable to any source of residual motion uncertainty in treatment delivery. Any model that quantifies organ movement and deformation in terms of probability distributions can be used as basis for the algorithm. Thus, it can generate dose distributions that are robust against interfraction and intrafraction motion alike, effectively removing the need for indiscriminate safety margins.
Effects of breast-air and breast-lung interfaces on the dose rate at the planning target volume of a MammoSite® catheter for Yb-169 and Ir-192 HDR sources37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3458720View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
To study the effects of the breast-air and breast-lung interfaces on the absorbed dose within the planning target volume (PTV) of a MammoSite® balloon dose delivery system as well as the effect of contrastmaterial on the dose rate in the PTV.Methods:
The Monte CarloMCNP5 code was used to simulate dose rate in the PTV of a 2 cm radius MammoSite® balloon dose delivery system. The simulations were carried out using an average female chest phantom (AFCP) and a semi-infinite water phantom for both Yb-169 and Ir-192 high dose rate sources for brachytherapy application. Gastrografin was introduced at varying concentrations to study the effect of contrastmaterial on the dose rate in the PTV.Results:
The effect of the density of the materials surrounding the MammoSite® balloon containing 0% contrastmaterial on the calculated dose rate at different radial distances in the PTV was demonstrated. Within the PTV, the ratio of the calculated dose rate for the AFCP and the semi-infinite water phantom for the point closest to the breast-air interface (90°) is less than that for the point closest to the breast-lung interface (270°) by 11.4% and 4% for the HDR sources of Yb-169 and Ir-192, respectively. When contrastmaterial was introduced into the 2 cm radius MammoSite® balloon at varying concentrations, (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%), the dose rate in the AFCP at 3.0 cm radial distance at 90° was decreased by as much as 14.8% and 6.2% for Yb-169 and Ir-192, respectively, when compared to that of the semi-infinite water phantom with contrast concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively.Conclusions:
Commercially available software used to calculate dose rate in the PTV of a MammoSite® balloon needs to account for patient anatomy and density of surrounding materials in the dosimetryanalyses in order to avoid patient underdose.
Fundamental properties of the delivery of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) to static patient anatomy37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3453575View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
The primary goal of this article is to formulate volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) delivery problem and study interdependence between several parameters (beam dose rate, gantry angular speed, and MLC leaf speed) in the delivery of VMAT treatment plan. The secondary aim is to provide deliverysolution and prove optimality (minimal beam on time) of the solution. An additional goal of this study is to investigate alternative delivery approaches to VMAT (like constant beam dose rate and constant gantry angular speed delivery).Method:
The problem of the VMAT delivery is formulated as a control problem with machine constraints. The relationships between parameters of arc therapy delivery are derived under the constraint of treatment plan invariance and limitations on delivery parameters. The nonuniqueness of arc therapy deliverysolutions is revealed from these relations. The most efficient delivery of arc therapy is then formulated as optimal control problem and solved by geometrical methods. A computer program is developed to find numerical solutions for deliveries of specific VMAT plan.Results:
Explicit examples of VMAT plan deliveries are computed and illustrated with graphical representations of the variability of delivery parameters. Comparison of delivery parameters with that of Varian's delivery are shown and discussed. Alternative delivery strategies such as constant gantry angular speed delivery and constant beam dose rate delivery are formulated and solutions are provided. The treatment times for all the deliverysolutions are provided.Conclusion:
The investigations derive and prove time optimal VMAT deliveries. The relationships between delivery parameters are determined. The optimal alternative delivery strategies are discussed.
Fast, low-dose patient localization on TomoTherapy via topogram registration37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3453577View Description Hide Description
Purpose: To investigate a protocol which efficiently localizes TomoTherapy patients with a scout imaging (topogram) mode that can be used with or instead of 3D megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) imaging.
Methods: The process presented here is twofold: (a) The acquisition of the topogram using the TomoTherapy MV imaging system and (b) the generation of a digitally reconstructed topogram (DRT) derived from a standard kV CT simulation data set. The unique geometric characteristics of the current TomoTherapy imaging system were explored both theoretically and by acquiring topograms of anthropomorphic phantoms and comparing these images to DRT images. The performance of the MV topogram imaging system in terms of image quality, dose incurred to the patient, and acquisition time was investigated using ionization chamber and radiographic film measurements.
Results: The time required to acquire a clinically usable topogram, limited by the maximum couch speed of , was 12.5 s for a 50 cm long field. The patient dose was less than 1% of that delivered by a helical MVCT scan. Further refinements within the current TomoTherapy system, most notably decreasing the imaging beam repetition rate during MV topogram acquisition, would further reduce the topogram dose to less than per scan without compromising image quality.
Conclusions: Topogram localization on TomoTherapy is a fast and low-dose alternative to 3D MVCT localization. A protocol designed that exclusively utilized MV topograms would result in a 30-fold reduction in imaging time and a 100-fold reduction in dose from localization scans using the current TomoTherapy workflow.
Segmenting CT prostate images using population and patient-specific statistics for radiotherapy37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3464799View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
In the segmentation of sequential treatment-timeCT prostate images acquired in image-guidedradiotherapy, accurately capturing the intrapatient variation of the patient under therapy is more important than capturing interpatient variation. However, using the traditional deformable-model-based segmentation methods, it is difficult to capture intrapatient variation when the number of samples from the same patient is limited. This article presents a new deformable model, designed specifically for segmenting sequential CTimages of the prostate, which leverages both population and patient-specific statistics to accurately capture the intrapatient variation of the patient under therapy.Methods:
The novelty of the proposed method is twofold:First, a weighted combination of gradient and probability distribution function (PDF) features is used to build the appearance model to guide model deformation. The strengths of each feature type are emphasized by dynamically adjusting the weight between the profile-based gradient features and the local-region-based PDF features during the optimization process. An additional novel aspect of the gradient-based features is that, to alleviate the effect of feature inconsistency in the regions of gas and bone adjacent to the prostate, the optimal profile length at each landmark is calculated by statistically investigating the intensity profile in the training set. The resulting gradient-PDF combined feature produces more accurate and robust segmentations than general gradient features. Second, an online learning mechanism is used to build shape and appearance statistics for accurately capturing intrapatient variation.Results:
The performance of the proposed method was evaluated on 306 images of the 24 patients. Compared to traditional gradient features, the proposed gradient-PDF combination features brought 5.2% increment in the success ratio of segmentation (from 94.1% to 99.3%). To evaluate the effectiveness of online learning mechanism, the authors carried out a comparison between partial online update strategy and full online update strategy. Using the full online update strategy, the mean DSC was improved from 86.6% to 89.3% with 2.8% gain. On the basis of full online update strategy, the manual modification before online update strategy was introduced and tested, the best performance was obtained; here, the mean DSC and the mean ASD achieved 92.4% and 1.47 mm, respectively.Conclusions:
The proposed prostate segmentation method provided accurate and robust segmentation results for CTimages even under the situation where the samples of patient under radiotherapy were limited. A conclusion that the proposed method is suitable for clinical application can be drawn.
A method for optimizing LINAC treatment geometry for volumetric modulated arc therapy of multiple brain metastases37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3455286View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) is a rotational delivery technique in which MLC shapes, dose rate, and gantry rotation speed are optimized to produce conformal dose distributions. The aim of this work is to develop a beam projection method for deriving the optimal table and collimator angles for multilesion treatment planning.Methods:
The method consists of four steps. The first step is to define the vector of beam-eye-view (BEV)--axis in the treatment planning CT coordinates. The second step is to project each target onto the BEV--axis vector. In the third step, the best table and collimator angle are found with a brute-force optimization technique that minimizes MLC leaf sharing between lesions. The fourth step is to generate an optimized VMAT plan with appropriate table/collimator angles and evaluate the plan quality.Results:
The authors tested the method on three example cases with targets of various locations in the brain and sizes ranging from 1.18 to. Applying the optimized geometric parameter to generate VMAT plan, a reduction of the 12 Gy volume was more than 6.1% for all cases; the plan homogeneity was improved from to vs a VMAT plan with the manufacturer recommended table and collimator angles.Conclusions:
The authors conclude that the use of the projection method minimizes the sharing of MLC leaves between lesions and improves the plan quality for multilesion VMAT delivery.
A novel solid-angle tomosynthesis (SAT) scanning scheme37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3460341View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
Digital tomosynthesis (DTS) recently gained extensive research interests in both diagnostic and radiation therapy fields. Conventional DTS images are generated by scanning an x-ray source and flat-panel detector pair on opposite sides of an object, with the scanning trajectory on a one-dimensional curve. A novel tomosynthesis method named solid-angle tomosynthesis (SAT) is proposed, where the x-ray source scans on an arbitrary shaped two-dimensional surface.Methods:
An iterative algorithm in the form of total variation regulated expectation maximization is developed for SAT image reconstruction. The feasibility and effectiveness of SAT is corroborated by computer simulation studies using three-dimensional (3D) numerical phantoms including a 3D Shepp–Logan phantom and a volumetric CT image set of a human breast.Results:
SAT is able to cover more space in Fourier domain more uniformly than conventional DTS. Greater coverage and more isotropy in the frequency domain translate to fewer artifacts and more accurately restored features in the in-plane reconstruction.Conclusions:
Comparing with conventional DTS, SAT allows cone-shaped x-ray beams to project from more solid angles, thus provides more coverage in the spatial-frequency domain, resulting in better quality of reconstructed image.
Dosimetric characteristics of a single use MOSFET dosimeter for in vivo dosimetry in proton therapy37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3467753View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
Entrance dose (or skindose) is an important part of patient quality assurance in external beam radiation therapy. However, entrance dose verification in proton beam is not routinely performed. In this study, the OneDose single use MOSFETdetector system forin vivodosimetry measurement in proton therapy is investigated.Methods:
Using a solid water phantom, several fundamental dosimetric characteristics of the OneDose system are studied with a proton beam: The reproducibility (consistency) of the dosimeter, the linearity with dose and dose rate, energy dependence, directional dependence, LET dependence, and fading (delay readout with time) is studied.Results:
OneDose detectors show dose and dose rate linearity but exhibit pronounced energy dependence at depth and a large variation in dose response with LET. On the other hand, the detector response remain relatively constant (within 3%) at surface over a wide range of energies. There is also a slight angular dependence (about 2%) up to 60° angle of incidence. However, detector orientation such that incidence along the long axis of the detector should be avoided as the proton beam will have to traverse a large amount of the copper backing. Since mostin vivodosimetry involves entrance dose measurement, the OneDose at surface appears to be well suited for such application. OneDose exhibits small intrabatch variation ( at one SD) indicating that it is only necessary to calibration a few detectors from each batch. The interbatch variation is generally within 3%.Conclusions:
The small detector size and its relatively flexible design of OneDose allow dose measurement to be performed on a curved surface or in small cavities that is otherwise difficult with the conventional diode detectors. The slight drawback in its angular dependence can be easily handled by angular dependence table. However, since OneDose is a single use detector, the intrabatch consistency must be verified before the remaining detectors from the same batch could be used forin vivodosimetry. It is advisable that the detectors from the same batch be taken for the same application to reduce the dosimetric uncertainty. For detectors from different batches, interbatch consistency should also be verified to obtain reliable results. OneDose provides an opportunity to measure in vivodose with proton beam within acceptable clinical criterion of ±(5.0%–6.5%).
The water equivalence of solid phantoms for low energy photon beams37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3462558View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
To compare and evaluate the dosimetric water equivalence of several commonly used solid phantoms for low energyphotonbeams.Methods:
A total of ten different solid phantom materials was used in the study. ThePENELOPEMonte Carlo code was used to calculate depth doses and beam profiles in all the phantom materials as well as the dose to a small water voxel at the surface of the solid phantom. These doses were compared to the corresponding doses calculated in a water phantom. The primary photonbeams used ranged in energy from 50 to 280 kVp.Results:
A number of phantom materials had excellent agreement in dose compared to water for all the x-ray beamenergies studied. RMI457 Solid Water, Virtual Water, PAGAT, A150, and Plastic Water DT all had depth doses that agreed with those in water to within 2%. For these same phantom materials, the dose changes in the water voxel at the surface of the solid phantom were within 2%, except for A150, which agreed to within 2.7%. By comparison, the largest differences in depth doses occurred for Plastic Water (−21.7%) and polystyrene (17.6%) for the 50 kVp energyphotonbeam and 8 cm diameter field size. Plastic Water gave the largest difference in the normalized beam profiles with differences of up to 3.5% as compared to water. Surface dose changes, due to the presence of the solid phantom acting as the backscattermaterial, were found to be up to 9.1% for polystyrene with significant differences also found for Plastic Water, PMMA, and RW3 phantoms.Conclusions:
The following solid phantoms can be considered water equivalent and are recommended for relative dosimetry of low energyphotonbeams: A150, PAGAT, Plastic Water DT, RMI457 Solid Water, and Virtual Water. However, the following solid phantoms give significant differences, compared to water, in depth doses, profiles, and/or in surface doses due to backscatter changes: Plastic Water, PMMA, polystyrene, PRESAGE, and RW3.
Predictive modeling of lung motion over the entire respiratory cycle using measured pressure-volume data, 4DCT images, and finite-element analysis37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3455276View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
Predicting complex patterns of respiration can benefit the management of the respiratory motion for radiation therapy of lungcancer. The purpose of the present work was to develop a patient-specific, physiologically relevant respiratory motion model which is capable of predicting lungtumor motion over a complete normal breathing cycle.Methods:
Currently employed techniques for generating the lung geometry from four-dimensional computed tomography data tend to lose details of mesh topology due to excessive surface smoothening. Some of the existing models apply displacement boundary conditions instead of the intrapleural pressure as the actual motive force for respiration, while others ignore the nonlinearity of lungtissues or the mechanics of pleural sliding. An intermediate nonuniform rational basis spline surface representation is used to avoid multiple geometric smoothing procedures used in the computational mesh preparation. Measured chest pressure-volume relationships are used to simulate pressure loading on the surface of the model for a given lung volume, as in actual breathing. A hyperelastic model, developed from experimental observations, has been used to model the lungtissue material. Pleural sliding on the inside of the ribcage has also been considered.Results:
The finite-element model has been validated using landmarks from four patient CT data sets over 34 breathing phases. The average differences of end-inspiration in position between the landmarks and those predicted by the model are observed to be for Patient P1, for Patient P2, for Patient P3, and for Patient P4 in the magnitude of error vector, respectively. The average errors of prediction at landmarks over multiple breathing phases in superior-inferior direction are less than 3 mm.Conclusions:
The prediction capability of pressure-volume curve driven nonlinear finite-element model is consistent over the entire breathing cycle. The biomechanical parameters in the model are physiologically measurable, so that the results can be extended to other patients and additional neighboring organs affected by respiratory motion.
The Swiss IMRT dosimetry intercomparison using a thorax phantom37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3460795View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
In 2008, a national intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT)dosimetry intercomparison was carried out for all 23 radiation oncology institutions in Switzerland. It was the aim to check the treatment chain focused on the planning, dose calculation, and irradiation process.Methods:
A thorax phantom with inhomogeneities was used, in which thermoluminescence dosimeter(TLD) and ionization chamber measurements were performed. Additionally, absolute dosimetry of the applied beams has been checked. Altogether, 30 plan-measurement combinations have been used in the comparison study. The results have been grouped according to dose calculation algorithms, classified as "type a" or "type b," as proposed byKnöös et al. ["Comparison of dose calculation algorithms for treatment planning in external photon beam therapy for clinical situations," Phys. Med. Biol.51, 5785–5807 (2006)].Results:
Absolute dosimetry check under standard conditions: The mean ratio between the dose derived from the single field measurement and the stated dose, calculated with the treatment planning system, was for the ionization chamber and ( deviation) for the TLD measurements. IMRT Plan Check: In the lung tissue of the planning target volume, a significantly better agreement between measurements (TLD,ionization chamber) and calculations is shown for type b algorithms than for type a . In regions outside the lungs, the absolute differences between TLD measured and stated dose values, relative to the prescribed dose,, are and , respectively. These data show the same degree of accuracy between the two algorithm types if low-density medium is not present.Conclusions:
The results demonstrate that the performed intercomparison is feasible and confirm the calculation accuracies of type a and type b algorithms in a water equivalent and low-density environment. It is now planned to offer the intercomparison on a regular basis to all Swiss institutions using IMRT techniques.
Measurement and verification of positron emitter nuclei generated at each treatment site by target nuclear fragment reactions in proton therapy37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3462559View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
The purpose of this study is to verify the characteristics of the positron emitter nuclei generated at each treatment site by proton irradiation.Methods:
Proton therapy using a beam on-line PET system mounted on a rotating gantry port (BOLPs-RGp), which the authors developed, is provided at the National Cancer Center Kashiwa, Japan. BOLPs-RGp is a monitoring system that can confirm the activity distribution of the proton irradiated volume by detection of a pair of annihilation gamma rays coincidentally from positron emitter nuclei generated by the target nuclear fragment reactions between irradiated proton nuclei and nuclei in the human body. Activity is measured from a start of proton irradiation to a period of 200 s after the end of the irradiation. The characteristics of the positron emitter nuclei generated in a patient's body were verified by the measurement of the activity distribution at each treatment site using BOLPs-RGp.Results:
The decay curves for measured activity were able to be approximated using two or three half-life values regardless of the treatment site. The activity of half-life value of about 2 min was important for a confirmation of the proton irradiated volume.Conclusions:
In each proton treatment site, verification of the characteristics of the generated positron emitter nuclei was performed by using BOLPs-RGp. For the monitoring of the proton irradiated volume, the detection of generated in a human body was important.
Dosimetric verification of the anisotropic analytical algorithm in lung equivalent heterogeneities with and without bone equivalent heterogeneities37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3464748View Description Hide Description
Purpose: In this study, the authors evaluated the accuracy of dose calculations performed by the convolution/superposition based anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) in lung equivalent heterogeneities with and without bone equivalent heterogeneities.
Methods: Calculations of PDDs using the AAA and Monte Carlo simulations (MCNP4C) were compared to ionization chamber measurements with a heterogeneous phantom consisting of lung equivalent and bone equivalent materials. Both 6 and 10 MV photon beams of and field sizes were used for the simulations. Furthermore, changes of energy spectrum with depth for the heterogeneous phantom using MCNP were calculated.
Results: The ionization chamber measurements and MCNP calculations in a lung equivalent phantom were in good agreement, having an average deviation of only . For both 6 and 10 MV beams, the average deviation was less than 2% for the and fields in the water-lung equivalent phantom and the field in the water-lung-bone equivalent phantom. Maximum deviations for the field in the lung equivalent phantom before and after the bone slab were 5.0% and 4.1%, respectively. The Monte Carlo simulation demonstrated an increase of the low-energy photon component in these regions, more for the field compared to the field.
Conclusions: The low-energy photon by Monte Carlo simulation component increases sharply in larger fields when there is a significant presence of bone equivalent heterogeneities. This leads to great changes in the build-up and build-down at the interfaces of different density materials. The AAA calculation modeling of the effect is not deemed to be sufficiently accurate.
- Top
An analytical model of the effects of pulse pileup on the energy spectrum recorded by energy resolved photon counting x-ray detectors37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3429056View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
Recently, novel CdTe photon counting x-ray detectors (PCXDs) with energy discrimination capabilities have been developed. When such detectors are operated under a high x-ray flux, however, coincident pulses distort the recorded energy spectrum. These distortions are called pulse pileup effects. It is essential to compensate for these effects on the recorded energy spectrum in order to take full advantage of spectral information PCXDs provide. Such compensation can be achieved by incorporating a pileup model into the image reconstruction process for computed tomography, that is, as a part of the forward imaging process, and iteratively estimating either the imaged object or the line integrals using, e.g., a maximum likelihood approach. The aim of this study was to develop a new analytical pulse pileup model for both peak and tail pileup effects for nonparalyzable detectors.Methods:
The model takes into account the following factors: The bipolar shape of the pulse, the distribution function of time intervals between random events, and the input probability density function of photon energies. The authors used Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the model.Results:
The recorded spectra estimated by the model were in an excellent agreement with those obtained by Monte Carlo simulations for various levels of pulse pileup effects. The coefficients of variation (i.e., the root mean square difference divided by the mean of measurements) were 5.3%–10.0% for deadtime losses of 1%–50% with a polychromatic incident x-rayspectrum.Conclusions:
The proposed pulse pileup model can predict recorded spectrum with relatively good accuracy.
Design and optimization of large area thin-film CdTe detector for radiation therapy imaging applications37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3438082View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
The authors investigate performance of thin-film cadmium telluride (CdTe) in detecting high-energy (6 MV) x rays. The utilization of this material has become technologically feasible only in recent years due to significant development in large area photovoltaic applications.Methods:
The CdTe film is combined with a metal plate, facilitating conversion of incoming photons into secondary electrons. The system modeling is based on the Monte Carlo simulations performed to determine the optimized CdTe layer thickness in combination with various converter materials.Results:
The authors establish a range of optimal parameters producing the highest DQE due to energy absorption, as well as signal and noise spatial spreading. The authors also analyze the influence of the patient scatter on image formation for a set of detector configurations. The results of absorbed energy simulation are used in device operation modeling to predict the detector output signal. Finally, the authors verify modeling results experimentally for the lowest considered device thickness.Conclusions:
The proposed CdTe-based large area thin-film detector has a potential of becoming an efficient low-cost electronic portal imaging device for radiation therapy applications.
Kinetic model-based factor analysis of dynamic sequences for 82-rubidium cardiac positron emission tomography37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3438474View Description Hide DescriptionPurpose:
Factor analysis has been pursued as a means to decompose dynamic cardiacPETimages into different tissue types based on their unique temporal signatures to improve quantification of physiological function. In this work, the authors present a novel kinetic model-based (MB) method that includes physiological models of factor relationships within the decomposition process. The physiological accuracy of MB decomposedcardiacPETimages is evaluated using simulated and experimental data. Precision of myocardial blood flow (MBF) measurement is also evaluated.Methods:
A gamma-variate model was used to describe the transport of in arterial blood from the right to left ventricle, and a one-compartment model to describe the exchange between blood and myocardium. Simulations of canine and rat heartimaging were performed to evaluate parameter estimation errors. Arterial blood sampling in rats and blood pool imaging in dogs were used to evaluate factor and structure accuracy. Variable infusion duration studies in canine were used to evaluate MB structure and global MBF reproducibility. All results were compared to a previously published minimal structure overlap (MSO) method.Results:
Canine heart simulations demonstrated that MB has lower root-mean-square error (RMSE) than MSO for both factor (0.2% vs 0.5%, MB vs MSO, respectively) and structure (3.0% vs 4.7%, ) estimations, as with rat heart simulations (factors: 0.2% vs 0.9%, and structures: 3.0% vs 6.7%, ). MB blood factors compared to arterial blood samples in rats had lower RMSE than MSO (1.6% vs 2.2%, ). There was no difference in the RMSE of blood structures compared to a blood pool image in dogs (8.5% vs 8.8%, ). Myocardial structures were more reproducible with MB than with MSO ( vs 6.2%, ), as were blood structures ( vs 5.6%, ). Finally, MBF values tended to be more reproducible with MB compared to MSO ( vs 18%, ). The execution time of MB was, on average, 2.4 times shorter than MSO due to fewer free parameters.Conclusions:
Kinetic model-based factor analysis can be used to provide physiologically accurate decomposition of dynamic PETimages, and may improve the precision of MBF quantification.
Modulator design for x-ray scatter correction using primary modulation: Material selection37(2010); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3457472View Description Hide Description
Purpose: An optimal material selection for primary modulator is proposed in order to minimize beam hardening of the modulator in x-raycone-beam computed tomography(CBCT). Recently, a measurement-based scatter correction method using primary modulation has been developed and experimentally verified. In the practical implementation, beam hardening of the modulator blocker is a limiting factor because it causes inconsistency in the primary signal and therefore degrades the accuracy of scatter correction.
Methods: This inconsistency can be purposely assigned to the effective transmission factor of the modulator whose variation as a function of object filtration represents the magnitude of beam hardening of the modulator. In this work, the authors show that the variation reaches a minimum when the -edge of the modulatormaterial is near the mean energy of the system spectrum. Accordingly, an optimal material selection can be carried out in three steps. First, estimate and evaluate the polychromatic spectrum for a given x-ray system including both source and detector; second, calculate the mean energy of the spectrum and decide the candidate materials whose -edge energies are near the mean energy; third, select the optimal material from the candidates after considering both the magnitude of beam hardening and the physical and chemical properties.
Results: A tabletop x-rayCBCT system operated at 120 kVp is used to validate the material selection method in both simulations and experiments, from which the optimal material for this x-ray system is then chosen. With the transmission factor initially being 0.905 and 0.818, simulations show that erbium provides the least amount of variation as a function of object filtrations (maximum variations are 2.2% and 4.3%, respectively, only one-third of that for copper). With different combinations of aluminum and copper filtrations (simulating a range of object thicknesses), measured overall variations are 2.5%, 1.0%, and 8.6% for of copper,erbium, and tungsten, respectively. With and without of copper in the beam, the measured variations for of copper,erbium, and tungsten, 1 mm of aluminum, as well as of copper, are 1.8%, 0.2%, 5.5%, 1.9%, and 7.5%, respectively.
Conclusions: The spatial variation in the effective transmission factor of the modulator blocker due to beam hardening caused by the modulator itself reaches a minimum when the -edge of the modulatormaterial is near the mean energy of the spectrum. An optimal modulatormaterial selection using the -edge discontinuity is therefore proposed.


text:
8 Free Apron Sewing Patterns
Bonus: Get our newsletter & special offers for free. We will not share or sell your email address. View our Privacy Policy
Simply Stenciled Jeans
By: Lori Bergmann for Krylon
We are adding the craft to your Craft Projects.
The project was added to your Craft Projects.
Click here to view your Craft Projects.
Black & silver are always in style. Add new life to old jeans with simple spray painted stencil accents from Krylon.
- Krylon Brushed Metallic - Nickel (#51255)
- Krylon Easy-Tack™ Repositionable Adhesive - Clear (#7020)
- Fleur De Lis stencil set (Delta Creative)
- Plain black denim jeans
- Plain scrap paper (with no printing or color on it — white copy paper works great)
- Painter's tape
- Thick cardboard sheet (at least 13" X 19")
Apply Easy Tack to back of stencil and press firmly to one side of upper jean leg near seam. Place cardboard sheet under the jeans and stencil and carefully fold excess fabric underneath. Mask off areas you do not want painted with paper and painter's tape.
Spray over one side of scroll design with Satin Nickel paint, then carefully remove stencil and let dry.
Reposition stencil on jeans so that the other side of the scroll design meets up with the first one, mask off, paint, then let dry.
- Repeat process to create just one scroll on the other lower jean leg. Let dry completely.
Tags / Related Topics
Your Recently Viewed Projects
Images from other crafters
Love these projects? Get MORE delivered to your Inbox – FREE Click Here!
tmtwhatnots 499153 6
Feb 25, 2013
I love this. But how do you make the paint permanent so you can wash them?
gayleweatherford 1 309352
Sep 06, 2013
I wouldn't use the paint they suggested,you can use acrylic craft paint.Might help if you mixed a fabric medium w/h the paint to make it adhere better.
Report Inappropriate Comment
Are you sure you would like to report this comment? It will be flagged for our moderators to take action.
Thank you for taking the time to improve the content on our site.
Something worth saving?
- SAVE all your favorite crafts
- ADD personal notes
- QUICKLY reference your crafts
Free eBooks
- 11 Crochet Shawl Patterns: Crochet Poncho Patterns, Free Easy Crochet Patterns and More
- 12 Knitted Scarf Patterns: Fabulous Free Knitting Patterns for Beginners
- 16 Free Crochet Hat Patterns, Scarves, and Gloves
- 31 Halloween Craft Projects
- 7 Adult Coloring Pages
- Homemade Halloween Decorations
- Recycled Craft Ideas: Easy Crafts to Make with Recycled Material
- 11 DIY Christmas Decorations and Gift Ideas
- 11 Teacher-Approved Crafts for School
- 12 Easter Egg Ideas & Easter Crafts for Adults
Our Newest Projects & Articles
- Colorful Christmas Angel Ornament
- Elegant Angel Christmas Ornament
- Easy Angel Christmas Ornament
- Serene Snowfall Tree Ornament
- Precious Pine Cone Ornament
- Spiral Beaded Christmas Trees
- Glittery Glass Mug
- Beautiful Bookshelf Decoupage
- Ostrich Egg Decoupage Art
- Easy Decoupage Wine Bottles


text:
Town Square
Police Activity blocking Bayshore at Loma Verde
Original post made by Driver, Palo Verde, on Sep 4, 2013
Comments (3)
editor of the Palo Alto Weekly
on Sep 4, 2013 at 3:21 pm
Jocelyn Dong is a registered user.
Driver: A car and a motorcycle collided this morning, resulting in an apparent broken leg for the motorcyclist. Police diverted traffic as they handled the scene.
a resident of South of Midtown
on Sep 4, 2013 at 3:45 pm
Cars go flying along Bayshore and Fabian, despite the 25mph speed limit. Really scary out there, especially near the entrance to the bike path under the highway.
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 4, 2013 at 8:34 pm
My wife and I witnessed the aftermath, It appeared that the motorcycle was traveling southbound on West Bay shore just past Loma Verde, and collided with a car.I am guessing that the driver of car was pulling out of Loma Verde, After seeing the bike, we thought for sure that the rider was deceased. Thank god the rider is alive! That intersection is dangerous! Drivers pay attention!
Don't miss out on the discussion!
Sign up to be notified of new comments on this topic.
Local restaurants snag Michelin Bib Gourmand status
By Elena Kadvany | 6 comments | 13,576 views
Council Candidate Forums
By Douglas Moran | 7 comments | 6,002 views
Response to Arguments Against Measure B
By Steve Levy | 20 comments | 2,321 views
Garden Zucchini Pancakes with Umami Tomato Meets Woodside Elementary
By Laura Stec | 2 comments | 1,109 views
By Max Greenberg | 0 comments | 337 views
The 2016-17 Info Guide is here!
Info Palo Alto, a resource guide for the Midpeninsula, features local information on schools, outdoors and recreation, government and arts & entertainment


text:
Citizen rebuts prior letter on Tunica Cut-off
This letter is in response to the letter submitted in the Tunica Times by Mrs. Suzette Davidson. Mrs. Davidson, help me to understand why you don't understand the meaning of double standards. Seeing that you co-signed everything I wrote, what is it that you're really rebutting? And yes, not only am I downright...offended at the way Tunica County is governed and rightfully so. And whether it was $16,000 or $30,200 dollars, you still received monetary aid and help whether from the county and government organizations. Plus in a timely fashion. It was not the county's responsibility to pay for your cleanup when you all hired professional contractors with proper machinery and heavy equipment to do it. I didn't see them take one shred of debris over to the landfill. Instead they dumped it over on the county side of the levee. And yes, the chairman of the board initiated it, and other board members followed his lead.
Latest News
Deadlines for November vote are approaching Tomorrow (Saturday, October...
Rosa Fort Homecoming 2016 HOMECOMING 2016 – Rosa...
Future looked bright for Tunica in 1993 Tunica County opened...
'Highway killer' convicted in retrial A man who went on...
Fifteen Years Later One Tunican's special...
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8


text:
12pk of Magic Tops : $2.25 + Free S/H (reg. $4.95)
Use code FAM3LY at checkout (valid for 10% off and Free shipping on any order) Expires 12/6/10.
Magic Topsy Turvy Tops with secret control can defy gravity. Only 1-1/2″ high. When quickly rotated, they turn upside down. Package of 12 various multi-colored tops.


text:
Ladies and Gentlemen,
We're pleased to announce a rather rare and special occasion.
Many of you already know that we were unable to display MIMSY's six artworks at the PFF Festival 2015 due to significant pressure from both the police and the gallery.
We are therefore extremely glad to be able to present to you all of the censored artworks.
We very much hope that you will join us in order to raise a glass to freedom. As Douglas Murray has observed in the Spectator; "…The exhibition has a simple mission – which is to display the work of artists who are thinking seriously about freedom, what it means and how you lose it…but that is where Britain is now. The police can effectively censor a show if they cite the risk of 'community tensions' or 'inflammatory content'. And so the police get to decide what you and I and everyone else should be able to see."
The purpose of this exhibition will therefore be to consider the nature of freedom, how easily it can be lost and how hard it is to win it back.
Please not that this will be a ONE-DAY ONLY exhibition this Thursday 25/02/2016 from 2pm at Gillett Square in Dalston N16 8JN
Passion for Freedom (PFF) is a non-governmental, voluntary-based organisation that promotes human rights and freedom of expression through art. PFF was started in London in 2007 by a small group of friends, mainly women, and is today supported by a huge international network of artists, activists, journalists and professionals. Each year we ask contributing artists, film producers, writers and journalists 3 pivotal questions:
1. What is freedom?
2. How easy is it to lose?
3. How hard is it to get it back?
The festival was recognized by Madonna and highlighted in her Freedom Calendar 2014. PFF worked with the BBC on its Freedom Year Program last year, and it continues to cooperate with Royal Holloway University on the 800th anniversary of Magna Carta. Passion for Freedom stands for freedom. PFF seeks to involve people in education projects and breaks political correctness in media.
7th Passion for Freedom Gala Night was a tremendous success, with hundreds queuing outside Mall Galleries on a red carpet waiting impatiently to get in, the show could not go any better.
The Gallery was saturated with awaiting and exasperation of visitors commenting the artwork, chatting away, discussing limits of freedom in art, yet waiting impatiently to learn who would become the Freedom Ambassador of 2015. That evening they were soon to learn that 2015 PFF 1st Award and People's Choice Award was granted to Emma Elliot for The Spin-Head and The Sacred and Profane respectively. You can learn more on the awarded 2015 PFF artworks from our blog post.
Tragic events, which took place in France and Denmark at the beginning of 2015, showed there are clearly more reasons than ever to highlight the importance of freedom of speech. The year 2015, in which 17 journalists and bloggers were killed, many more were sent to jail and the world heritage in Palmyra and Nineveh have been destroyed, became a litmus paper for freedom of expression in the Western world. Very soon the PFF organiser were to learn that their freedom in choosing and showing art would become seriously limited.
The controversy and blatant censorship imposed on one of the artworks and reluctance of the organisers to succumb to the outrageous conditions imposed by the gallery on them, proved that there are actually limits to the freedom in arts in the UK.
Nevertheless, it is worth to remind what Douglas Murray, Spectator's associate editor, says: "Freedom has always been defended by small number of people (…) PFF walks the walk and shows that the only way we can go forward is not to limit ourselves, not to stop ourselves speaking, not to stop ourselves doing and creating the art and literature and all the things that matter in life. And PFF id doing it and it is wonderful to see it".
However, probably the biggest success and compliment to the PFF organisers were comments coming from all corners of the gallery; spectators kept saying that it was the first time for many of them when they saw an art which actually made them think. It was something they would not expect, at least not in such a conservative place as Mall Gallery itself!
It has come to my attention that after my work was removed from the exhibition,
some reports in the press failed to distinguish between the Independent
festival organisers ('Passion for freedom'), the Mall gallery and the metropolitan police.
The team behind 'Passion for freedom' courageously tried to help display my work
throughout the censorship process. They even printed subversive postcards of the work,
and distributed them to guests at the gala party.
All moves towards censorship and demands for 'security' money have been
imposed on me by the Mall Gallery, and the Police.
Mimsy, 2015


text:
About us
MENA Divisions
MENA Electrical
MENA Fire Fighting
MENA Telecom
MENA Critical Environment Control
MENA Data Center
MENA Corrosion Protection / Construction
Our Partners
Contact us
Customer Complaint Form
Subscribe to this RSS feed
Find Out Who's Phoning You Quickly As Well As Effortlessly
Most folks have their most frequently used phone numbers programmed into their cell phone to allow them to find out exactly who is calling immediately. With touch screen phones, it really is even easy for someone to include numbers which they should be aware of but don't utilize often at all. However, they are unable to have every possible phone number programmed inside their cell phone and there is certainly occasions when an unfamiliar telephone number can show up and they're going to want to be able to discover who is calling before they answer it.
Someone who really wants to
gps track a cell phone
can accomplish that through downloading a free of charge app. The application looks up virtually any inward bound contact number to figure out just who is calling. In case the person recognizes the name of the person or perhaps company phoning them, it really is easy for them to answer the call or call them back. If they do not recognize the unknown caller, they're able to simply let the phone call go to voicemail and find out precisely what the mystery caller would like. This could assist them to stay away from phone calls they don't really desire to take as well as be certain they do not overlook anything essential. For many, this is often a time saver because they will not have to make an effort to lookup the phone number by themselves.
Anybody who wants to know just who is phoning them for each and every telephone call could try out a free phone trace iphone app today. This offers them the opportunity to uncover exactly who is calling so they can establish whether they would like to speak to the person or business then.
Give it a try now in order to observe how it might help you remain atop who is
and also steer clear of telephone calls you don't want to take. It really is effortless and also cost-free for anybody to test.


text:
Got drawn for the general elk tag, was going to put in for area H deer,thinkin I'll spend the extra to make sure we get drawn,was wondering if anyone had ideas on an area to put in for for antelope. We are driving out and could try to spend a couple days on the return trip.We have 1pp. Thanks
- Home
- Blogs
- Community
- Big Game Hunting
- Regional
- Firearms
- Archery
- Muzzleloader
- Gear Bag


text:
Disease Resistance:
No disease information found.
Symbols Explained
No additional symbols for this product.
Red Long of TropeaOnion Seed
Product ID: 2333
Tall, elongated, red bulbs.
Traditionally grown in Mediterranean Italy and France for harvest just at maturity in mid-late summer. For bunching or fresh use, not for storage. Nice specialty variety. Adaptation: 35-48° latitude. Avg. 134,000 seeds/lb. Packet: 1,000 seeds.
Quick Facts
Latin Name: Allium cepa
Days to Maturity or Bloom: 90
Plant Cycle: (A)
Shipping Information & Notes
Growing Information
Cipollini, Mini, and Specialty Onions
CULTURE: Sow in early spring in 2-4" wide bands or single rows 4" apart, about 1/2" between seeds. Cover 1/4- 1/2". Thinning is not necessary. Keep free of weeds. As with all onions, full sun, consistent soil moisture, and a fertile soil with a pH of 6.2-6.8 is preferable.
HARVEST: Pull by the bunch whenever needed. No skin forms until 2-3 months into the season, making mini onions easy to wash and prepare.
ADAPTATION: Mini onions are smaller and earlier to bulb the further north they are grown. Suited to 40° and higher latitudes for pearl and cipollini onions for small to medium onions at lower latitudes.
AVG. DIRECT SEEDING RATE: 5M/50', 1 oz./80', 13 oz./1,000', 34 lb./acre at 96 seeds/ft. in 4" wide bands, in rows 12" apart.
SIZED SEEDS: All seeds are unsized.
SEED SPECS: SEEDS/LB.: 113,700-134,300 (avg. 123,300).
PACKET: 1,000 seeds.


text:
SKY Photography Photographer
Rose CaoModel Female San Jose, California, US
Mayhem # 3100705
About MeHi everyone! :) I'm BACKKK! It's been a long while & I'm so sorry if some of you were trying to reach me but I have not been on here due to work & school to get my RN license.
*** I just want to let you all know that I do miss modeling a lot & would love to do it more often as a side job to build my portfolio some more & to make some extra cash. Here's the break down of my current situation. I am mainly interested in PAID ASSIGNMENTS for the most part because I'm also a nursing student & I need money to pay for my nursing school + student loans, therefore I cannot work for free. I work part-time & I go to school full-time so please respect that & understand my current life struggle. I'M AVAILABLE AFTER DECEMBER 14TH FOR CONTINUOUS ASSIGNMENTS OR IMMEDIATELY FOR SHORT/QUICK ASSIGNMENTS THAT DOESN'T TAKE UP MY WHOLE DAY!!! I'M USUALLY FREE ON FRIDAYS, SATURDAYS, & SUNDAYS FOR THE MOST PART SO MESSAGE ME! LET'S WORK SOMETHING OUT! ***
Hello all & welcome to my Model Mayhem! :D
I've been modeling for quite some time now (on & off since I was 15 years old) but work & school got in the way so I haven't been modeling as much as I'd like to.
I'm open-minded, I'm a quick learner, fun to work with, & I try my best to be a team player.
I'm interested in new ideas/concepts. We can collaborate on what you want to do & try to make it happen.
I'm pierced out, I have tattoos, & I'm a petite Asian/French girl (all the best rolled into one yayyy!)
I do my own hair & makeup if needed, I'm also a costumes/lingerie collector so I have plenty of props to play with. :)
If you want to work with me, please feel free to message me so we can make some serious arrangements & my rates are very affordable!
Thank you for viewing my page & enjoy your stay! ;)
Have you worked with Rose Cao? Add Credits for Rose Cao! >>
SKY Photography Photographer
Hal Ballenger Photographer
Pierre R Roussel Photographer
Naturally Naked Photographer
JJ Cross Photography Model
Flamenco Photography Photographer
Loading Content


text:
In today's post, I am sharing an opportunity to explore shapes and color through a very simple and engaging artsy experience.
Framing up the drawing process in preschool
Exploring the drawing process by drawing in a frame in preschool!
Making squares
Working together to make squares in our preschool classroom!
Painting circles with a compass
I don't know about you, but I am always looking for a new or unique tool for painting for making the process fun and interesting for children. These compasses that we used for painting circles really fit the bill… I've shared with you how we have been exploring circles and other shapes lately. Deborah picked […]
Making circles in the salt tray
Last week I shared our shape hunt activity as an introduction to our unit on shapes. First up on our list of shapes to explore was the circle. We explored this new shape by drawing circles in our salt trays… We use salt trays in our classroom quite frequently as a fine motor tool and […]
Hunting for shapes
To introduce this our new shape unit we read the new book "Hearts are for Loving" and played this fun and colorful game in preschool.
I-Spy math bag game
Today I'm sharing a fun visual discrimination math bag activity that our children loved!
Holiday window tracing
We spent time tracing many different holiday symbols with the help of the lighting from our big windows in our preschool classroom!
Simple shape games on the felt board
The kinds of games we play with the felt board are not all that complicated and all I really need are just a few bight and colorful felt pieces and I have everyone's attention.
Exploring all kinds of shapes with salt box drawing
To promote time with shape recognition and drawing, I transferred our salt into to boxes that come in different shapes.
- 1
- 2
- 3
- …
- 5
- Next Page »


text:
Dick Clark, who died Wednesday at age 82, made rock and roll safe for American living rooms. He popularized the idea that teenagers are an important consumer group. And his nationally televised American Bandstand influenced music, dance and fashion, establishing Clark as one of the savviest businessmen of the 20th century.
What the show didn't do was fully integrate its studio audience as soon as he became host, as Clark has claimed.
Most of the obituaries of Clark, who took over Bandstand in 1956, have noted that the show used rock and roll to break down racial barriers, mostly because that is the story Clark told. But that is where his legacy gets complicated. While the nationally televised dance program hosted a number of prominent black performers, the show regularly blocked black teenagers from its studio audience until it moved from Philadelphia to Los Angeles in 1964. The image of teenagers that American Bandstand popularized bore little resemblance to the racial diversity of American teens.
When American Bandstand started broadcasting nationally in 1957, it had to avoid being tainted by the anti-rock and roll protests taking place across the country. City councils from Jersey City to Santa Cruz to San Antonio had banned rock performances, and radio stations in Pittsburgh, Chicago, Denver, Lubbock and Cincinnati refused to play rock and roll. The fear was in large part fueled by concerns about racial mixing, and on that front, Bandstand was indeed groundbreaking. Clark's show put African-American music and performers on television every day.
While it featured a sanitized version of rock and roll, with white teen idols such as Bobby Rydell and Frankie Avalon, American Bandstand also hosted black vocal groups such as the Coasters and the Impressions; early girl groups such as the Shirelles; Motown artists such as Mary Wells and Smokey Robinson and the Miracles; and R&B and soul pioneers such as James Brown and the Famous Flames, Marvin Gaye and Aretha Franklin. Clark brought African-American performers to national television in an era when such performances were rare.
American Bandstand also helped invent the demographic that still dominates popular culture: teenagers. It was the first national television program aimed squarely at teens, and it laid the groundwork for the baby boom generation, defining what teens listened to, how they danced and what they wore, ate and drank.
Clark was well aware that advertisers were eager to reach teenagers, and his show offered daily access to young consumers. "It's been a long, long time since a major network has aimed at the most entertainment-starved group in the country," Clark told Newsweek in 1957. "And why not? After all, teenagers have $9 billion a year to spend."


text:
Gain the tools and techniques to develop a strategic sales plan in a competitive air cargo industry. Following an in-class case study, you will learn how to benchmark a company's sales plan to determine areas for improvement.
Course format: This course is available at IATA Training Centers, regional training partner locations, and on-demand as in-company training. This course provides 32 hours of instruction delivered by an official IATA Instructor.
This practical course gives you the tools to:
An IATA Certificate is awarded upon successful completion of the course and final examination.
This course is a step toward earning an IATA Diploma in:
About IATA Classroom Training
We train more than 10,000 aviation professionals annually through our global network of IATA Training Centers, Regional Training Partners, and in private in-company sessions. Our 200+ classroom courses are developed using IATA's unique industry insight and delivered by IATA Instructors, experts in their fields. More
Please note that prices DO NOT include the 6% Chinese VAT. The VAT must be paid additionally if applicable to your registration.
Beijing Training Center Information
© International Air Transport Association (IATA) 2016. All rights reserved.


text:
- Home
- Schedules
- Getting Started
- Teams
- Resources
- Get Involved
- About KOHA
- Contact Us
Equipment: KOHA has sets of basic protective equipment available for rent, first come - first served. Skaters must have a certified hockey helmet, skates & winter gloves or mittens. Knee and elbow protection is strongly suggested.
What your child will learn: KOHA begins with teaching skaters how to stand up and fall down. Skaters are divided into groups of about 10, with an adult volunteer assisting KOHA's program leader. Over the 8 to 10 one-hour sessions of the program, skaters will learn forward gliding and skating, backwards skating, hockey stops, left to right and right to left turns and front to back and back to front turns. Proper (efficient) skating technique is emphasized.
16/17 LEARN TO SKATE SESSION 1 (Saturdays & Sundays - WINGS WEST - 9am)
OCTOBER 15th - NOVEMBER 13th (10 sessions total)
Cost: $100 - PRICE REDUCTION FROM LAST SEASON!
16/17 LEARN TO SKATE SESSION 2 (Saturdays ONLY - WINGS WEST - TIME TBD)
JANUARY 14th - MARCH 4th (Sat ONLY - 8 sessions total)
Cost: $100
Players must register on line with USA Hockey (Free for skaters 6 and under) prior to registering with KOHA for either Learn To Skate or Beginning Hockey.
Pictured: Nick Bootland (Head Coach, K Wings) & Jeff Blashill (Head Coach, Detroit Red Wings) & their sons
Photo courtesy: John Gilroy
KOHA Beginning Hockey Program is the second part of a two-part program designed to teach your child the basic skills of ICE HOCKEY. In Beginning Hockey, your child can continue to improve upon skating skills and learn hockey basics. Beginning Hockey runs from December through March.
This program generally follows the Learn to Skate Program and is recommended before entering our House League or Travel Hockey programs. Over 80 boys and girls annually participate in this program.
Why should your child participate? Skating is fun and easy; it improves balance, hand-to-eye coordination and strength. Skating compliments other sports, and is beneficial to girls and boys alike. The program is designed to allow children to develop skills and self-confidence at their own pace in an atmosphere of positive encouragement.
Recommended to be five (5) years old by December 31, 2015; younger players may participate with advanced approval by the program director.
BOTH Saturdays and Sundays. 2016/17 DATES: DECEMBER 10TH (Saturday) THROUGH MARCH 11TH (Saturday). One 60-minute session both days. Due to the size of our program in recent years and the limited ice availability, we have to limit our program to skaters 11 and younger. Older players are recommended to join House C.
(Beginning Hockey sessions/ice times will vary according to team assignments.)
Wings West (5076 Sports Drive, Kalamazoo, MI 49009) - just off of 9th Street in Oshtemo
Beginning Hockey:
Hockey skaters will need the following equipment by their first practice in December 2014.
Note: KOHA has "One Goal" hockey equipment available for rent by Beginning Hockey players, depending on availability, first come first first serve. These sets of equipment exclude skates, a helmet and a stick. Please check with the office staff for more details.


text:
KCG Holdings, Inc. operates as an independent securities firm that offers clients a range of services designed to address trading needs across asset classes, product types and time zones. The company combines technology with specialized client service across market making, agency execution and trading venues and also engages in principal trading through exchange-based electronic market making. It has various access points to trade global equities, options, fixed income, currencies and commodities via voice or automated execution. Segments The company operates in three segments, including Market Making, Global Execution Services, and Corporate and Other. Market Making This segment principally consists of market making in the cash, futures and options markets across global equities, options, fixed income, currencies and commodities. As a market maker, the company commits capital on a principal basis by offering to buy securities from, or sell securities to, broker dealers, banks and institutions. Principal trading in the Market Making segment primarily consists of direct-to-client and non-client exchange-based electronic market making, including trade executions conducted as an equities designated market maker on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and NYSE Amex Equities (NYSE Amex). The company is an active participant on all major global equity and futures exchanges and it also trades on substantially all domestic electronic options exchanges. As a complement to electronic market making, its cash trading business handles specialized orders and also transacts on the OTC Bulletin Board marketplaces operated by the OTC Markets Group Inc. and the Alternative Investment Market of the London Stock Exchange. The majority of revenues for this segment are derived from direct-to-client electronic market making in U.S. equities. The company also provides trade executions as an equities DMM on the NYSE and NYSE Amex. The majority of market making activity is conducted on a principal basis through the use of automated quantitative models. In direct-to-client market making, the company derives revenues from the difference between the amount paid when securities are bought and the amount received when the securities are sold. Clients and Products: The company offers direct-to-client market making services across multiple asset classes primarily to sell-side clients including global, national and regional broker dealers and banks, as well as buy-side clients comprising, among others, mutual funds, pension plans, plan sponsors, hedge funds, trusts and endowments in North America, Europe and Asia. Global Execution Services This segment provides agency execution services and trading venues for agency-based, execution-only trading in global equities, fixed income, futures and options to institutions, banks and broker dealers. The company is an active participant on all major global equity, futures and options exchanges. The majority of revenues for this segment are derived from agency-based, execution-only trading encompassing algorithmic trading and order routing in global equities; institutional sales traders executing program, block and riskless principal trades in global equities and exchange traded funds; a fixed income electronic communication network (ECN) that also offers trading applications (KCG BondPoint); and an alternative trading system (ATS) for global equities (KCG MatchIt). Clients and Products: The company offers agency execution services and trading venues across multiple asset classes to buy-side clients including mutual funds, pension plans, plan sponsors, hedge funds, trusts and endowments and sell-side clients, including global, national and regional broker dealers and banks in North America, Europe and Asia. Through KCG Electronic Trading, the company offers electronic execution services in global equities, options, futures and commodities via algorithmic trading, order routing and an execution management system, as well as via internal crossing through its registered ATS. The company operates an ATS providing clients with an anonymous source of non-displayed liquidity. This segment also offers a range of products and services and voice access to the global markets, including sales and trading for equities, exchange traded funds and options. Additionally, it provides buy-side clients with liquidity, market insights, anonymity and trade executions with minimal market impact and offer trade execution services covering the depth and breadth of the market. It handles large complex trades, accessing liquidity from its order flow and other sources. The company also provides soft dollar and commission recapture programs. KCG BondPoint provides electronic fixed income trading solutions to sell-side firms through a fixed income ECN that serves as an electronic inter-dealer system and allows clients to access live and executable retail-sized offerings in corporate bonds, municipals, government agency, treasuries and certificates of deposits. KCG BondPoint also provides front-end applications for brokers and advisors, as well as a trading application for traders. Corporate and Other This segment contains investments principally in strategic financial services-oriented opportunities. Government Regulation Regulators in the U.S. and international jurisdictions continue to promulgate various rules and regulations that might impact its business. In the U.S., these regulatory bodies include the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., National Futures Association, NYSE, NASDAQ, other self-regulatory organizations, and other regulatory bodies, such as state securities commissions and state attorneys general. In Europe and Asia, these regulatory bodies include, but are not limited to, the UK Financial Conduct Authority, the French Autorite des Marches Financiers, the Singapore Exchange, the Securities and Exchange Board of India, and the Australian Securities and Investment Commission. History KCG Holdings, Inc. was founded in 1999.
kcg holdings inc-cl a (KCG:New York)
Contact Info
545 Washington Boulevard
Jersey City, NJ 07310
United States
Phone: 201-222-9400
The information and data displayed in this profile are created and managed by S&P Global Market Intelligence, a division of S&P Global. Bloomberg.com does not create or control the content.
|No competitor information is available for KCG.
|View Industry Companies
Industry Analysis
Industry Average
|Industry Range
|Price/Cash Flow
|Not Meaningful
Sponsored Financial Commentaries
Sponsored Links
Only a company representative may request an update for the company profile. Documentation will be required.
To contact KCG HOLDINGS INC-CL A, please visit www.kcg.com. Company data is provided by S&P Global Market Intelligence. Please use this form to report any data issues.
Our data partners will research the update request and update the information on this page if necessary. Research and follow-up could take several weeks. If you have questions, you can contact them at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text: The-Great-Gatsby By September 20, 2012 8:18 PM Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Category: Share on Facebook Share on Twitter More Leave a comment Send to a friend! Print this page Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr! Best of Kickin Kelsea Ballerini Thanks Fans for Kind Words After Grandfather Dies 'Nashville' Season 5 Trailer Promises Plenty of Drama [Watch] New Songs on the Radio for October 2016 Chris Young to Brookings Recommended for You ZergNet Best of the Web ZergNet


text:
Championship-hungry Isaiah Thomas wants to chat with Tom Brady
Longtime local newspaper publisher dies at age 91
Pete Creighton of Galesburg died last week. He was 91 years old.
President Obama endorses U.S. Rep. Cheri Bustos
Congresswoman Cheri Bustos, a Democrat from Moline, is campaigning against Patrick Harlan of Galesburg for a third term. Today, Bustos announced President Barack Obama is endorsing her.
Chamber of Commerce full steam ahead with new holiday festival
The Galesburg Area Chamber of Commerce is announcing a new downtown Holiday festival coming to Galesburg this year.
Ghosts of Galesburg brings stories of old to the streets tonight
October 24, 2016 | Local News |tylerb
For the fifth year, the Galesburg Public Library and Galesburg Historical Society will be joining together to put on a special Halloween-esque program around town tonight.


text:
Athlete Profile
Athlete: Leah Goddard
How I Eat
I eat quality foods but don't measure the amount
I eat 1-3 full cheat meals per week
How I Train
I workout mostly at a CrossFit Affiliate
I have a coach who determines my programming
My Athletic Background
I played youth or high school level sports
My Experience With CrossFit
I began CrossFit with a coach (e.g. at an affiliate)
I have completed the CrossFit Level 1 certificate course
I have had a life changing experience due to CrossFit
My Work/Rest Schedule
I usually only do 1 workout a day
I do multiple workouts in a day 1x a week
I typically rest 4 or more days per month
How long have you been doing CrossFit?
4+ years
Athlete Coverage
"Finding out that we managed to pull off the first-place win and were going to the Games was a pretty awesome feeling." The CrossFit Fraser Valley Centaurs are...
Article, Posted Mon, 07.21.14
The race for the Games is on in Canada West. The race for the Games is on in Canada West. With four of the top five men in the Open choosing to compete on a team, including...
Article, Posted Fri, 04.26.13
Veterans Lucas Parker, Jeremy Meredith and Angie Pye, and newcomer Heather Gillespie will be making a trip to the Home Depot Center in July. The Canada West...
Article, Posted Sun, 04.29.12


text:
Get with the comparisons already!
post #46 of 75
1/13/06 at 7:25pm
- 2,009 Posts. Joined 7/2005
- Select All Posts By This User
Get with the comparisons already!
Originally Posted by Iron_Dreamer
Let the battle begin!!!
Originally Posted by grandenigma1
So what is your plan? Do you have a set of XLR - RCA cables or are you simply just going to compare the amp/dac as a whole?
and I think the highest volume my DA10 has seen is about 35
Originally Posted by Iron_Dreamer
Let the battle begin!!!
Originally Posted by Oliver :)
Dude! I nearly... ah, let's not talk about it. Consider upping the oversampling on the AQVOX.
Originally Posted by cosmopragma
128 sounds distorted, not recommended.
Originally Posted by Iron_Dreamer
Well I have found the Aqvox to sound best so far with upsampling bypassed, dither off, pluse filter, and oversampling at 32. The soundstage is certainly very good, haven't really tried to compare that aspect yet to the Lavry, but I don't recall a major difference so far.
To me the strength of the Aqvox so far seems to be PRaT, it is damn fun to listen to. The Lavry is a more visceral experience in the bass and treble, but it doesn't get my toe tapping to the ridiculous degree that the Aqvox does.
Originally Posted by elnero
And also how is the internal headamp of the Aqvox?
Originally Posted by Oliver :)
It only works in USB-Mode IIRC. Nothing fancy as AQVOX themselves state, I didn't even bother to try it yet.
Originally Posted by elnero
What amp are you using when you're talking about this? And also how is the internal headamp of the Aqvox?