text:
The average cost of liposuction is contingent upon many factors. The most significant factors in determining the cost of liposuction is the size or weight of the individual and area of the body. The more fat that is removed, the higher the cost. Liposuction is surgery that is performed in an operating room. Operating room fees vary between hospitals or outpatient clinics. Other factors that affect the cost of liposuction surgery are laboratory and anesthesiologist fees.
Abdominal Liposuction
The average cost of upper and lower abdominal liposuction in 2009 is about $7,000. This is one of the most frequently performed liposuction procedures. Liposuction on the lower abdomen alone cost an average of $4,000.
There are three types of liposuction, super-wet, ultra-sound assisted and tumescent. Ultra-sound assisted liposuction is the most expensive and costs about $300 more than the super-wet or the tumescent. Anesthesiologist fees for abdominal liposuction are about $500 to $1,000. Surgeon's fee is approximately $2,000, and the operating room cost is about $700.
Outer Thighs
Liposuction procedures on the outer thighs costs $1,600 to $5,000, depending on how much fat is removed and the liposuction technique used. The cost of liposuction will also depend on the geographic location and amount of experience and board certifications your surgeon has.
Liposuction procedures performed on men are generally more expensive than women. Men have more fibrous fat, and the fat tends to be harder than the fat in women.
Inner Thighs, Knees, Waist & Hips
An average cost of liposuction on the combined inner thighs and knee areas is $2,000 to $5,000. Liposuction average cost on the combined waist and hips $1,600 to $5,000.
To have liposuction performed on the buttocks cost $1,500 to $5,000 and depends on how much fat is removed, the expertise of the surgeon and the cost of the operating room.
Arms, Back & Facial Areas
Plan to spend a low of $1,500 to $5,000 for liposuction procedures on the arms. Liposuction techniques on the back area will cost $1,500 to $4,000. Using liposuction techniques to remove fat from the combined neck, chin and cheek areas, fee are $2,000 to $4,000.
Breast and Flanks
Removing fat from breast using liposuction cost an average of $3,000 to $7,500; flanks, $2,000 to $5,000.
Multiple Areas
Having liposuction procedures performed on multiple areas of the body during one operation is more cost-efficient because the fees for the operating room, surgeon, laboratory cost and anesthesiologist fees are only slightly higher than for liposuction on one area of the body.
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Bogs Footwear Canada: Free Shipping
Bogs are so funky! Bogs Footwear is a sweet little Canadian company that makes shoes and boots. It seems their specialty is a form of rain-boots that have handles. They are easy to pull on and off. Get free shipping on any purchase at Bogs, no minimum!
I was immediately drawn to the sale section. I actually really need a good pair of waterproof boots. Check out these deals:
- Classic Tall May Flowers: Was $120 | Now $84.90
- Charlot Gum Rubber: Was $90 | Now $62.90
There are many women's styles on sale... these are just a couple I liked.
For kids sale, pick up a Mckinley in either black or purple for $65.90, originally $100. They also have a good selection of men's boots, and three different styles are on sale.
On top of free shipping, you also receive free returns, if the boots don't fit just send them back!
Be sure to check out this company, they have really great footwear for the wet season, and very reasonable prices as well.
Expiry: Unknown
TOPICS: Free Shipping Shoes

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Spring 2016 Newsletter
Inside this issue:
- Professional Development Made Easy
- Owen Library participates in ALA's International Games Day @ Your Library program
- Mary F. Shipper Library Pilots ePortfolio Course at West Virginia University
- Chatham University Archives & Special Collections Receives Grant from NEH
- Lewis J. Ort Library Celebrates 40th Anniversary, National Library Week
- Gumberg Library at Duquesne University Acquires Rare Edition of "The Faerie Queene"
- Saint Francis University Library Chosen to Host "Native Voices" Traveling Exhibit
- New Staff Member at the Pennsylvania State University Fayette Campus Library
Spring Conference 2016 - Transforming Our Libraries
Registration is now open for the WPWVC/ACRL Spring Conference, "Transforming Our Libraries" at Seton Hill University in Greensburg, PA on Friday, June 10, 2016.
The keynote speaker will be Miguel Figueroa from ALA's Center for the Future of Libraries.
Register here. Registration closes June 3rd.


text:
- Product Information
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DIY Fall Fireplace Mantel
Fall is one of the best seasons to decorate for, with its warm hues and natural beauty. Learn how to decorate your fireplace mantel for the fall season with this simple DIY tutorial.


text:
New speed cameras deliver a fast buck
- From: The Sunday Telegraph
- July 11, 2010
- New speed camera vans rolled out
- Could collect extra $100m in fines
- Part-owned by Macquarie Bank
DRIVERS are about to be whacked by mobile speed cameras the NSW Government believes will help deliver more than $100 million in fines this financial year alone.
Macquarie Bank, dubbed "the millionaires' factory" because of the huge salaries paid to executives, is attempting to secure a cut of the bonanza by launching a $275 million takeover bid for Redflex, the company contracted by the State Government to operate the cameras.
An initial fleet of six camera vehicles will be rolled out from July 19 at traffic black spots across NSW with plans for more next financial year.
Video: Take a look at the high-tech vehicles
They can fine six drivers every second.
Budget papers reveal that revenue from fines will almost double from $295 million in 2008-09 to $570 million in 2011-12.
"Fine revenue is estimated to increase by $137 million during 2010-11, with a mobile speed camera program and a five per cent increase in speeding fines," the Budget says.
The NSW Government has refused to disclose how much of the $137 million increase will come from the mobile vans, but The Sunday Telegraph can reveal it could be $100 million.
The fleet of white Ford Territory vans will carry radar cameras that can catch as many as six speeding cars travelling in either direction, every second, day or night, regardless of weather conditions.
The vans also record video and have roof-mounted CCTV cameras.
An initial fleet of six camera vehicles will be rolled out in eight days, with plans for more next financial year.
The NSW Government refuses to disclose how much of the revenue will go to Redflex, which also supplies fixed speed cameras, but the Victoria-based company is now the target of a takeover bid by Macquarie Bank.
The bank and two of its wholly owned subsidiaries - Macquarie Radar Holdings and Macquarie Special Situations Master Fund - bought 10 per cent of Redflex in June.
Macquarie Bank has made billions out of privatising roads and airports in NSW. Last year, the corporate giant made more than $1 billion.
Drivers will not be warned before driving into the mobile speed camera's zone. A small sign on the vehicle reads: "Safe speed check". Another sign placed at the roadside will inform motorists: "Your speed has been checked."
The speed camera locations will be uploaded daily to the Roads and Traffic Authority website to encourage drivers to slow down.
Fines will also be waived for the first month of operation, with drivers receiving a warning letter, instead.
The Sunday Telegraph was given the first look at the new vehicles last week. Each has two bi-directional radars to measure the speed of as many as six lanes of traffic.
Inside the boot is an 11- megapixel digital camera, which will take two photographs of speeding motorists.
Alongside the digital camera is a video camera, which will record continuously to monitor the road. On the roof is the infrared flash, which is invisible to the naked eye to avoid distracting drivers caught at night.
Mobile speed cameras will be parked at each destination for three hours, before moving on to a new location.
"The mobile speed cameras will only be placed in locations with a high accident history as determined by the RTA in consultation with NSW Police," Dr Soames Job, director of the RTA's Centre for Road Safety, said.
The NSW Government has refused to specify what proportion of its $137 million increase in fines will come from the mobile cameras. Last year, about $62 million was collected by fixed speed cameras.
Based on the Budget figures and an average fine of $211, an estimated 1600 more drivers a day could be booked this financial year.
Mobile cameras have been responsible for a sharp increase in speeding fines in Victoria, where 50,000 drivers a month are caught. Angry motorists claim they are simply a revenue-raising tool.
NSW Roads Minister David Borger said he was determined to cut the road toll and the mobile cameras would help.
The NRMA wants a review of the cameras if the road toll remains unchanged.
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Comments on this story
Brad of Melbourne Posted at 1:02 PM July 11, 2010
And this will cause less accidents how ? I dont believe that there is ANY data that says that any of these devices stop speeding, decrease accidetns etc. If they did I would be all for them. It is just money making.. Likewise, redusing the speed limit to from 60 to 50 and 50 to 40 in some areas has not stopped any pedestrian accidents. I feel Australia has it wrong! other countries are increasing their speed limites with LESS fatalities/accidents. We are decreasing and becoming a nanny country and our accident and fatality rate is rising.. Where is the logic?
allan Posted at 1:02 PM July 11, 2010
what tha
Hans Posted at 12:58 PM July 11, 2010
Here's one the downsides of liberal capitalism.In order for the company who makes speed cameras to continue to profit,it need to continually increase the amount they raise from fines. Given that the current economical system is based on continuous growth,what would happen if using speed cameras accually worked?


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Semantic web tools of the Simile project
The Simile project jump starts the semantic web with a collection of tools for extending semantic information to existing websites.
A simple Google search shows how dumb the web really is. If you try to search for a solution to a Linux problem, you are very likely to find many other users with a similar problem, but you might not actually find a solution. The problem is that Google simply evaluates the occurrence of whatever keywords the user enters to describe the problem.
A typical Internet search engine does not analyze the document structure or the structure of a conversation, and this means you could turn up articles that have very little to do with Linux when you search for "Linux keyword."
Buy this article as PDF
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Linux Voice Joins the Linux New Media Family
Linux Magazine will include the best of both magazines.
Critical Flaws Found in VeraCrypt
Popular open source encryption tool is vulnerable to attack
Ubuntu 16.10 Released
New "Yakkety Yak" edition emphasizes cloud and servers
Linus Announces Linux 4.8
Google Announces Its Own Pixel Phones
Google finally enters the phone hardware business.
Nextcloud Announces Raspberry Pi-Powered Home Cloud Box
Innovative system adds a hard drive and Ubuntu Core to the RPi for an IoT hub.
Linus Torvalds Confirms the Date of the First Linux Release
Linux is two weeks younger than we thought!
End of OpenOffice?
The Apache Software Foundation considers retiring OpenOffice
Adobe Gives New Life to NPAPI Plugin for Linux
Adobe won't kill the plugin in 2017
LinuxCon North America Convenes in Toronto, Canada
Linux Foundation's big event celebrates the 25th anniversary of Linux


text:
Holiday Diamond Hotel, Hanoi
- Free breakfast and free WiFi
Main amenities
- 40 guestrooms
- 24-hour room service
- Airport shuttle
- 24-hour front desk
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Computer station
- Front desk safe
- Laundry service
- Multilingual staff
- Free newspapers in the lobby
- Luggage storage
For families
- Rollaway/extra beds (surcharge)
- Private bathroom
- Free toiletries
- Daily housekeeping
- Hair dryer
- Elevator/lift
What's around
- In Hoan Kiem
- Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre (0.5 mi / 0.7 km)
- Hoan Kiem Lake (0.6 mi / 1 km)
- Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum (1.6 mi / 2.6 km)
- Temple of Literature (1.8 mi / 2.9 km)
- Hanoi Old City Gate (0.1 mi / 0.1 km)
- Hanoi (HAN-Noi Bai Intl.) 44-min drive; 18.6 miles/29.9 km
- Hanoi Long Bien Station 7-min walk; 0.4 miles/0.6 km
- Hanoi Railway Station 27-min walk; 1.4 miles/2.2 km
- Hanoi Gia Lam Station 10-min drive; 2.5 miles/4 km
- Onsite parking not available
- Airport shuttle (surcharge)
Holiday Diamond Hotel, Hanoi
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $25
- Family Suite, 1 Double or 2 Single Beds
- Executive Room, 1 Double or 2 Single Beds
- Signature Room, 1 Double Bed
- Junior Suite, 1 Double Bed
- Standard Room, 1 Double or 2 Single Beds
- Honeymoon Suite, 1 Double Bed
More great choices
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 40 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 7 floors
- Check-in time starts at 2 PM
- Check-out time is noon
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- No cribs (infant beds)
- No pets or service animals allowed
- Free WiFi and wired Internet access in public areas
- Free WiFi and wired Internet access in rooms
- Airport shuttle (available on request) *
- No parking
In the hotel
- Free breakfast daily
- 24-hour room service
- Computer station
- 24-hour front desk
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Limo or Town Car service available
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Luggage storage
- Multilingual staff
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Year Built 2011
- Elevator/lift
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Designated smoking areas
- Television in common areas
- Accessible bathroom
- In-room accessibility
In the room
- Air conditioning
- Minibar
- Bathrobes
- Slippers
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Individually furnished
- Private bathroom
- Bathtub or shower
- Rainfall showerhead
- Designer toiletries
- Hair dryer
- 32-inch LCD TV
- Cable TV channels
- In-room computer
- Desk
- Free weekday newspaper
- Free WiFi
- Phone
- Free bottled water
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room safe
Holiday Diamond Hotel, Hanoi's small print
Also known as
- Holiday Diamond
- Holiday Diamond Hanoi
- Holiday Diamond Hotel
- Holiday Diamond Hotel Hanoi
Only registered guests are allowed in the guestrooms.
Optional extras
Airport shuttle service is offered for an extra charge of VND 350000 per vehicle (one way)
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Also popular with travelers from the USA
Recent reviews
Excellent 4.4 /5 from 238 reviews
The staff at this hotel are amazing. Super helpful and friendly. The hotel is in a crazy, bustling neighborhood and this hotel feels like a friendly oasis. Loved it. Stayed here both times I was in Hanoi.
The hotel was right in the middle of Old Quarter. The staff in the hotel were very friendly and quite helpful. Hannah sat down with us and told us the sights that were within walking distance (most of them are). The room was a good size and the bed was comfortable. Breakfast was free and made to order. No complaints at all.
A great place to stay in old Hanoi. Top notch service and very affordable...the included breakfast was great. Upon returning here for our second stay, they had overbooked and so gave us the choice of an upgrade to their sister hotel, Charming II, which was excellent and even nicer! They paid for the short cab ride and accompanied us all the way to our new room and were incredibly apologetic, despite us enjoying the upgrade. All-in-all, couldn't recommend this place enough.
Everything is great, and staff are very nice and helpful. My only complaint would be the mattresses are very stiff, which seems to be common in Asia.
The neighborhood was fantastic and made our stay much more enjoyable. I guess I shouldn't expect much as we paid $25 for the night, but our room was very dark and dreary. There were no windows, mold in the bathroom shower, and concrete walls. The breakfast was alright- nothing spectacular, but decent. Would I stay here again- no. I would pay the extra few dollars to get a room with at least a window.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


text:
iHerb Customer Reviews
Savings of: $1.00 (10% off)
Handy Packets of Low Cal non GMO Sweeteer! GREAT for Dieters!
Posted by BeckySue on Mar 13, 2015
Xylitol is an ideal sugar replacement since it is a low calorie sweetener with no aftertaste. It is nice that this is gluten free, as well as non-GMO. Since it is Low Calorie it is good for those who are dieting.
Great on the go
Posted by Reviewer2848619 on Nov 29, 2011
I take these wherever I go for my coffee and tea on the road. Great price
Tastes great !!
Posted by 5481288061650510229 on Dec 06, 2014
Love this product, very convenient to take anywhere.
wet sugar
Posted by 5656157088064864517 on Jun 07, 2016
This is good, icy in taste but wet. Not sure if it's supposed to be like that?
Handy carry with you packets
Posted by Reviewer2276025 on Aug 02, 2009
Great for pocket or purse.
Your pocket sugar substitute
Posted by Reviewer1100837 on Aug 03, 2009
Take it with you where ever you go. Great stuff!
Posted by Reviewer2792101 on Aug 13, 2009
Excellent product. Healthy alternative to sugar or artificial additives.
Grateful for the product
Posted by Reviewer1316524 on Sep 09, 2009
Am really grateful to have a sugar substitute that seems relatively healthy - rated OK for diabetics gives me confidence.
Great Product
Posted by Reviewer1491765 on Jan 05, 2009
I found this product taste just like sugar with no after taste. I have even given a box of Xylo-Sweet as a gift.
great alternative to sugar
Posted by Reviewer1713751 on Jan 17, 2009
A GREAT alternative to sugar..without a bitter aftertaste and way healthier than Splenda.
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40 CFR 300.200 - General.
Beta! The text on the eCFR tab represents the unofficial eCFR text at ecfr.gov.
§ 300.200 General.
This subpart summarizes emergency preparedness activities relating to discharges of oil and releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants; describes the three levels of contingency planning under the national response system; and cross-references state and local emergency preparedness activities under SARA Title III, also known as the "Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986" but referred to herein as "Title III." Regulations implementing Title III are codified at 40 CFR subchapter J.
Title 40 published on 2015-07-01
The following are ALL rules, proposed rules, and notices (chronologically) published in the Federal Register relating to 40 CFR Part 300 after this date.


text:
£470,000 Fixed Price
5 Bedrooms Detached House for sale
5 David Mushet Gardens, Dalkeith, Edinburgh, EH22 1LH
**20,000 under home report valuation** immaculately-presented, five-bedroom, detached family home, set in a quiet cul-de-sac, located in dalkeith, south west of edinburgh. the accommodation…
£385,000 Offers in Excess of
5 Bedrooms Semi Detached House for sale
4 Melville Road, Dalkeith, Midlothian, EH22 3BY
Beautifully-presented, traditional, five-bedroom, semi-detached villa, rich in traditional features, located in dalkeith, south-west of edinburgh. the two-storey accommodation comprises…
£230,000 Fixed Price
4 Bedrooms Detached Bungalow for sale
Lingerwood Walk, Newtongrange, Dalkeith, EH22
**glorious extended detached bungalow****offering deceptively spacious accommodation over two floors****bright lounge****modern kitchen with dining space****master bedroom with en…
£190,000 Offers Over
3 Bedrooms Semi Detached House for sale
Hardengreen Lane, Dalkeith, EH22
**fantastic semi detached house****set within the most charming of modern developments****spacious lounge****modern kitchen with dining space and french doors to the garden****three…
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2 Bedrooms Semi Detached Bungalow for sale
Cortleferry Drive, Dalkeith, EH22
Perfectly positioned within the enviable eskbank area of dalkeith, lies this stunning semi detached bungalow. this home offers generous and bright accommodation comprising; welcoming…
3 Bedrooms Semi Detached House for sale
O'malley property are delighted to present to the market this superb modern three bedroom semi detached property located in corbie drive, dalkeith. the property is well presented…
£170,000 Offers Over
Fourth Street, Newtongrange, Dalkeith, EH22
Fantastic extended ex-miners terraced cottage in the ever popular village of newtongrange. this property is bursting with charm and character and boasts a wonderful modern extension…
£167,000 Fixed Price
Easter Langside Gardens, Dalkeith, EH22
Set within the popular wester meadow development in dalkeith lies this fantastic three story townhouse. built by taylor wimpey in 2009, the property has beautifully presented accommodation…
£165,000 Offers Over
Main Street, Newtongrange, DALKEITH, EH22
**stunning traditional terraced home****bright lounge with french doors to the garden****formal dining room/possible third bedroom****fantastic master bedroom with study/possible en…
£150,000 Offers Over
5 Bedrooms Detached House for sale
Blackcot Road, Mayfield, DALKEITH, EH22
Fantastic extended link-detached villa in the always popular midlothian town of mayfield. this property really is a 'one off' and even with this sizeable build it offers…
£140,000 Offers Over
Unique 5 bedroom property in dalkeith town centre. this rare opportunity offers vast living accommodation set amongst an abundance of local amenities. on the first floor this light…
£140,000 Offers Over
4 Bedrooms Semi Detached House for sale
Woodburn Avenue, Dalkeith, EH22
**fantastic extended semi detached house****with accommodation arranged over three floors****bright lounge****modern kitchen****master bedroom with en suite wc****three further good…
£140,000 Offers Over
Campview, Danderhall, Dalkeith, EH22
This spacious 3 bedroom end of terrace house is situated within the popular midlothian town of danderhall. this property is light and bright throughout and has gardens to both the…
£135,000 Offers Over
** closing date fri 16th sep @ 12 noon*** impressive terraced house over three floors* bright lounge* kitchen with dining space* four generous double bedrooms* family bathroom and…
£130,000 Offers Over
Maryburn Road, Easthouses, Dalkeith, EH22
**charming end of terrace house****set within a small cul-de-sac****bright lounge****kitchen with breakfasting space****three generous double bedrooms****modern wet room and upstairs…
Free Instant Valuation
Find out if you are charging enough rent or what your property would be worth if you were to sell now


text:
: Confirmed with Link:
Blackhawks Re-Sign Marcus Kruger (2 years / 1.325 AAV)
View Single Post
Kruger Line=2.5 Men
Join Date: Jan 2008
Posts: 1,602
vCash: 500
Originally Posted by
He's not being asked to do much offensively. He has fourth line duties. Kruger has hands,
good board play
, tough, good around the net, and good vision. He hasn't maxed out. You can't limit him to the fourth line yet.
Are you kidding me????!!!! Kruger's board play typically consists of a few pokes at the puck, and then getting knocked down onto his knees or arse. It easily is the one area that frustrates me most about his play. And unfortunately, he was only marginally better this year than last in this regard. His lower body/core strength has to be comparatively much less than his NHL peers.
As to the rest of your statement, I haven't seen that good vision or hands, where he makes plays and passes that blow me away within the flow of the game. Almost never. He seems ok around the net because that's the only place he can score (credit due for him recognizing this fact), given his NHL minus shot. For a "defensive specialist", his faceoff win percent just sucks. And for those that point to his defensive zone starts and ability to get the puck out of the D-zone, I think any one of our lines would be able to do the same. Sooner or later the puck will leave the zone in a 30-45 second shift. He is definitely commited to the defensive aspect of the game, and positionally and tactically is sound.
Back to the thread topic, he's getting paid what he deserves for the term that he deserves. Any more or longer and I would have been p/o'd. He's a fourth liner, center or winger, who's paid for his pk/defensive role. My guess is that he will be replaced if that's all he brings to the Hawks over the next year or two. If he "breaks out" offensively (and I've not seen any indication in his play that he has the skillset to do so), then he'll be retained. Otherwise, there are too many possibilities in the farm system and via free agency to justify keeping him around beyond those two years.
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text:
Are age gap relationships better for women?
by SHARON BEXLEY, femail.co.uk
It doesn't seem to matter how wise we all are to the fact that age-gap relationships are unlikely to last; there will always be plenty of couples with a generation or more between them who want to give it a go.
Perhaps most interesting at the end of the Amanda-Les partnership was how differently they reacted.
She was seen out and about with girlfriends, partying, shopping, looking radiant. He disappeared to spend time with friends, presumably to lick his wounds in private.
All this seems to indicate that age-gap relationships have very different effects on men and women.
Do the sexes expect - and get - different benefits from being in such a relationship? Or does the younger partner have all the advantages, whatever their gender?
Relationship counsellor and sex therapist Julia Cole thinks that men and women do have very different motivation in this situation. 'A man who has a much younger, very attractive partner will see it as a vindication of his masculinity,' says Julia.
'Whereas a woman with a younger partner is less likely to take it too seriously. She'll recognise the relationship primarily as a great ego boost, but won't expect too much of it.'
These relationships, says Julia, are really only successful when both partners acknowledge their transitional nature. And what they're really about is the need to control, or the need to be looked after by, a partner.
A woman much younger than her partner, says Julia, has many advantages. 'A younger woman choosing a much older man will be after security. She'll see that in the man who is further up the career ladder than herself, more successful and probably more wealthy.
'He will be her mentor - educating her, giving her opportunities she wouldn't otherwise have, perhaps a big break at work or the right contacts.
'The problem is, as she grows older and more experienced, she won't need a mentor any more. The protection he gave her and the wisdom she respected she now merely finds patronising - so, sadly, the basis for the relationship ceases to exist.'
It's a slightly different situation for toyboy lovers. True, some are motivated by the need for a mentor - but for them, it's more likely to be about sex than power or influence. It's the 'Mrs Robinson' fantasy - the sexually experienced older woman teaching the innocent young man.
'It's a sad fact that the older woman does not have the same degree of kudos as the older man. Put simply, most women don't reach the same heights of success as men do and don't have as much wealth or influence to flaunt, so that's not what younger men want from them,' says Julia.
If you're the older partner in an age gap relationship, the worst thing you can do is expect, or assume, that it will last - it's highly unlikely.
'These relationships can be a bit of fun and improve your self-esteem in the short term. But,' warns Julia, 'the exciting bit at the start of a relationship can't last. The longer you're together, the more likely you are to be forced to confront your age differences.
'These may not matter at first, but rest assured they will when the gloss has worn off. If you are determined the relationship is to be long-term, you need
to ask each other some serious questions about how things will change when you are older.
'The reality of having to look after a much older partner, however much you may love them, is enough to put a lot of people off.'
Given that fact, Julia believes, it's younger women who come off best in age-gap relationships.
'They have all the cards in their hand: they are looked after very well while they are developing their personality and talents; they have all the benefits of their mentor's experience and material advantages; and they leave the relationship with their youth intact, having taken the best from it.'
One look at Les Dennis and Amanda Holden's break-up certainly seems to indicate that she's done exactly that.
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STTI selected the Gamma Xi Chapter website as the February 2013 Website of the Month. To nominate your chapter, email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Welcome to the Gamma Xi Chapter of Sigma Theta Tau International!
This site provides you with an even greater ability to network with chapter members, upload photos, share documents, participate in chapter discussions and learn about chapter events.
Like us on Facebook: Gamma Xi on Facebook
Welcome Our 2016 Leadership Scholars!
The Gamma Xi Leadership Scholars program places student members with board member mentors to develop academic and leadership potential. The Scholars will work towards advancing the chapter through social media and program development. They will plan and implement a chapter service project during the spring semester assisting foster children and orphans in Arkansas – a key service area for our chapter. Additionally they will submit an abstract for poster presentation at the STTI Region 6 conference in April 2017.
Either the content you're seeking doesn't exist or it requires proper authentication before viewing.
Dr. Pam Degravelles was selected for an oral presentation of her research titled "tobacco use among nursing students in Arkansas using the global health professions student survey" at the STTI 27th International Nursing Research Conference in South Africa in July.
On uams.edu: Tuesday, January 5, 2016
LITTLE ROCK — Developing an innovative approach that helped older women incorporate physical activity into their daily lives has led to national award for Leanne Lefler, Ph.D., A.P.R.N., an associate professor in the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) College of Nursing.
Click on the link below for the full story
Dr. Lefler -FULL STORY
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CRAFTSMAN PROFESSIONAL™/MC 27" 16.5 TP Gas Dual Stage Snowblower
About this product
About this product
Product features
Product features
This Craftsman Professional dual stage snowblower is designed to tackle the toughest snow conditions. With a powerful 16.5 torque power Briggs & Stratton engine and a 27 inch clearing width, this unit makes quick work of any job. Featuring 6 forward speeds and 2 reverse, the Craftsman Professional unit is easy to operate. These are our most durable snowblowers, combining long life and more easy to use features. Serrated augers are standard, and they easily cut through even the hardest packed icy snow.W- 7152591
- 16.5 TP 420 CC Briggs & Stratton Professional Series OHV
- Recoil/electric start
- Dual Stage
- 27" clearing width
- GT Transmission 6 fwd/2 rev speed
- Steel electric rotation
- 16" X 6.5" Artic Trac Tires
- 2 year warranty
- Electric remote chute deflector; Single hand control
- Power steering, headlight
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Colors of the season
Fall foliage surrounds the Binghamton University campus, as seen here near the Couper Administration Building.
Photo by Jonathan Cohen
News Briefs
October EAP newsletter is online
October 17, 2016
• Eldercare needs
• Soft skills for conflict resolution
• Maintaining wellness under high stress
• Information on methamphetamine addiction
Other reminders:
• Yoga and Mindfulness for Work/Life Balance: Noon–1 p.m. Tuesday, Oct. 18, in the Binghamton University Art Museum
• Cognition Changes Related to Menopause: Noon-1 p.m. Wednesday, Oct. 19, in UUW-324
Register online.
Valic retirement representative fall schedule
October 17, 2016
Nardella will be on campus:
• Oct. 20 - UU-121
• Nov. 17 - UU-121
• Dec. 21 - UU-122
October 14, 2016
October 14, 2016
Student Chancellor's Award and President's Award nominations due in December
October 14, 2016
The President's Award recognizes juniors and seniors. The deadline to nominate a senior is Thursday, Dec. 8. Nominations for juniors are due Friday, Feb. 17, 2017.
Go online for more information.
Contact Janice McDonald or Ashley Serbonich with questions.
Register for the 2016 SUNY Applied Learning Conference
October 14, 2016
Today's high-tech, global economy is fast-paced and moving forward every day, and we have to ensure that we are preparing our students to be a part of it. SUNY believes in the power of learning by doing, which is why there is a concerted effort to ensure that every SUNY student will have access to an applied learning opportunity. These opportunities include clinical placements and cooperative education, along with service learning, volunteerism, student research, international opportunities and field study. Conference keynote speaker Barbara A. Holland is an internationally recognized expert in organizational change in higher education with a special emphasis on the institutionalization and assessment of community engagement. Check the conference website for updates to the agenda, including specific sessions and speaker biographies. Questions can be directed to Elise Newkirk-Kotfila, director of applied learning at SUNY.
Fidelity retirement representative campus schedule
October 14, 2016
• Thursday, Oct. 20 in UU-124
• Thursday, Nov. 10 in UU-121
• Wednesday, Dec. 7 in UU-121
• Thursday, Dec. 15 in UU 124
To book your confidential retirement planning session, call 800-642-7131 or register online.
Nominations sought for Chancellor's Award for Excellence in Scholarship and Creative Activitie
October 14, 2016
More information on the Chancellor's Awards for Scholarship and Creative Activities, including guidelines including eligibility requirements and selection criteria are available online. http://system.suny.edu/academic-affairs/faculty-staff-awards/chancellors-excellence-awards/
Questions may be directed to Christi Cartwright-Wilcox in the Office of Strategic Research Initiatives via e-mail or at 607-777-4538.
Harpur Edge mentoring opportunities for students
October 13, 2016
Take the pledge to #SeeAndBeSeen
October 13, 2016
Drivers: Don't text and drive, obey the speed limit and expect pedestrians in walkways! Pedestrians: Use crosswalks, obey traffic signals and don't text while crossing!
Follow @BingU_TAPS on Twitter and take the pledge to #SeeAndBeSeen!
Undergraduate Conference Travel Fund
October 13, 2016
The fall 2016 application deadline is Tuesday, Nov. 1. Encourage your students to apply.
For additional information and to access the application, go online.
Call for a new Organized Research Center (ORC)
October 12, 2016
Binghamton University's ORCs provide a supportive infrastructure for interdisciplinary research on the campus. The ORCs facilitate research collaborations; disseminate research results through research conferences, meeting and other activities; strengthen graduate and undergraduate education by providing students with training opportunities and access to facilities; and seek extramural funds for research and scholarly activities. ORCs are led by tenured, full-time faculty and include three or more faculty working in a critical realm from one of more departments. ORCs are established based on the determination that the existence of the ORC is necessary for the center to be successful in achieving its goals and objectives. ORCs are established with internal start-up funding and should become self-sustaining within three to five years.
Go online for more information or contact Christi Cartwright-Wilcox if you have questions.
Deadline for proposals is March 1, 2017.
Bear Necessities food drive continues
October 12, 2016
October 10, 2016
Project Coordinator - Ronald E. McNair Scholars Program
Grants Management Financial Assistant - Sponsored Programs
October 10, 2016


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Sold out…
Astley Clarke Women's Blue Jean Genie Lapis Bracelet
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Get notified when it's back…
We check over 450 retailers daily. Be the first to know when it comes back in stock.
See more Astley Clarke Bracelets.
We check over 450 retailers daily. Be the first to know when it comes back in stock.
Taking inspiration from David Bowie and his decadent stage performances, Astley Clarke's Jean Genie bracelet is designed to add a hit of glam-rock to your look. Coloured silk is woven with 18-carat gold vermeil and finished with a rose-cut lapis for an effortlessly-luxe appeal. Astley Clarke woven friendship bracelet. Woven cord, 18-carat gold vermeil, lapis. Lobster claw clasp fastening, beaded trim, lapis charm. Specialist cleaner. Color: blue
Astley Clarke items by category | All Astley Clarke items | All Women's Bracelets


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This is the perfect place for anyone looking to experience nature and the mountains. Hotel Riffelhaus is an ideal point of departure for long hikes and first climbing experiences. But it is also the perfect place for mountain lovers who have less sporty ambitions. With the reconstruction, the hotel has created one of the most beautiful sun terraces in Zermatt, a spa centre from where there is an unrivalled view of the Matterhorn and newly renovated rooms offering a lot of stylish alpine touches.
Once you arrive at the Zermatt station, take the Gornergrat Bahn, which will bring you to the Riffelberg station, at around 2,500 metres above sea level, in approximately 30 minutes. We are happy to help you transport your luggage from the station to the hotel. Please let us know the exact time of your arrival. Check-in is after 4 p.m. on the day of your arrival, and checkout is prior to 11 a.m. on the day of your departure.
Outdoor Whirlpool, sauna, steam bath and relaxation room are the perfect complement, both in winter and summer, to all outdoor activities around the Riffelhaus.
Riffelberg, 3920 Zermatt
Phone +41 27 966 65 00
free-wifi pets-allowed sauna gym restaurant bar-lounge bike-friendly
Wednesday, 26. Oct 2016
Locality: train station | Time: 07.00-18.00
Location: Hinterdorf | Time: any time
Locality: Hotel Alex | Time: Divers
Wednesday, 26. Oct 2016all events
Choose from all 1,319 accommodation options in Zermatt & the surrounding area - only on Zermatt.ch
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by 888 Auctions
October 27, 2016, 2:00 PM EST
Richmond Hill, ON, CanadaLive Auction
Lot 280: Chinese Blue & White Porcelain Vase Kangxi Mark(97 views)
|Starting bid:
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The Invaluable Live! SecureBid™ feature ensures you never overpay. Without disclosing your limit to anyone, SecureBid™ places your bids automatically, up to one increment higher than the last in-room bid or preset reserve, until we have reached your maximum bid.Close
(Enter more than $800)
Watch this lot and you'll receive a reminder email a day before the auction starts.
Estimate: $2,500 - $5,000
康熙款 青花花鸟纹瓶
Chinese blue and white porcelain vase; of ovoid body surmounted by a waisted neck; painted in cobalt blue with pheasants perching on peony branches; six-character Kangxi mark and a red Jianding seal on base; H: 43 cm, W: 22 cm, 3204 grams
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- You have read and agree with the Auctioneer Terms and Conditions below and the Invaluable Terms of Use Agreement
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Auction House will help arrange shipment, at buyer's expense
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Software Programmer – .Net/MVC
jobsDB Ref. JTH300003001215847
Software Programmer – .Net/MVC
Location: Bangkok
Competitive Salary + Benefits + Near BTS
I'm currently helping my client within the Bangkok area hire abright and technically skilled Software Programmer. This is a very desirable career opportunity to join a successful technology firm who are currently investing a great deal into new projects in order to help the business grow. They have a strong development team and you will be working with people of varying experience and skill, so there will be many opportunities to learn new things.
In order to join them, you will be enthusiastic, self-motivated, driven and an excellent communicator who can work closely with other IT professionals.
Ideally you will need to have at least 2 years programing experience with the following requirement:
- Experienced C#, .Net, ASP.NET or VB.Net
- Experienced Web App or Win App or Both
- Very familiar with Web Service, MVC
- Very familiar with JQuery, AJAX
- Very familiar with SQL Server
- Familiar with various platforms such as Windows or Unix
- Good Command of English is a plus.
- Knowledge in Cloud experience will an advantage.
The company provide their employees the great salary and benefits as well. The company do focus on career progression and they invest in their staff to allow you to become the very best development professional you can be.
For more information please apply and/or call Benjaporn on 02-1056336 or 063-328-7679 to discuss the opportunity in more detail.


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Welcome to revenuebenefits
For access to the latest information on the range of HMRC 'products' including tax credits, child benefit and guardian's allowance, national minimum wage and tax-free childcare .... as well as information and guidance on the transition from tax credits to universal credit.
Latest updates
New tax-free childcare regulations (21 October 2016): Childcare Payments (Eligibility) (Amendment No. 2) Regulations 2016 (SI.No.1021/2016); and the Childcare Payments (Amendment No. 2) Regulations 2016 (SI.No.1017/2016)
New tax credits Upper Tribunal decision (19 October 2016): CTC/610/2016 - Child care costs. Failure by HMRC to produce all relevant evidence on appeal.
New tax credit regulations (10 October 2016) - Tax Credits (Definition and Calculation of Income) (Amendment) Regulations 2016 (SI.No.978/2016) provide for the treatment of certain new welfare payments being introduced by the Northern Ireland Assembly as income for the purposes of tax credits.
New tax credits Upper Tribunal decisions (7 October 2016): CTC/3592/2015 - Whether an appeal under section 16 of the Tax Credits Act 2002 lapses when a decision under section 18 is made; and CTC/1841/2015 - Whether claimant's children were in receipt of relevant childcare / relationship between sections 16 and 18 of the Tax Credits Act 2002
New blog post (4 October 2016): Concentrix - further update for advisers.
universalcreditinfo (3 October 2016): Our web tool has been updated to take account of the postcode areas that the universal credit digital service will roll out to between 5 October 2016 and 14 December 2016.
Universal credit roll out (3 October 2016): Our 'Universal credit: Digital (full) service page' has been updated with details of the postcode areas that the digital service will roll out to between 5 October 2016 and 14 December 2016.
New universal credit regulations (29 September 2016): Welfare Reform Act 2012 (Commencement No. 19, 22, 23 and 24 and Transitional and Transitory Provisions (Modification)) Order 2016 (SI.No.963/2016) provides for the further roll out of universal credit between October and December 2016.
New NMW regulations (29 September 2016): National Minimum Wage (Amendment) (No.2) Regulations 2016 (SI.953/2016) provide for increases in the National Minimum Wage from 1 October 2016
New child benefit Upper Tribunal decision (28 September 2016): CF/575/2016 - Assessing temporary and permanent illness in right to reside cases / procedure to follow when First-tier Tribunals refer appeals to the Upper Tribunal.
About revenuebenefits
revenuebenefits is a partnership between the Low Incomes Tax Reform Group and Lasa.


text: Home Gallery Video California Milk Processor Board Battle for Milkquarious - Trailer California Milk Processor Board: Battle for Milkquarious - Trailer A teaser for the latest milk epic Published on Oct 01, 2009 Editor's Pick White Gold is back, this time in a 20-minute rock opera that debuts October 5. Battle for Milkquariousis the basis of the new California Milk Processor Board campaign from Goodby, which also included a contest for CA teens, who can submit their own video interpretations of Milkquarious scenes for the chance to win money for their school's arts program. Rate this Ad You must be registered to rate the ad. Please Login or Register Now About CreditsDateOct 01, 2009Agency:Goodby Silverstein & Partners Client:California Milk Processor Board Tagsbeverage CategoryWeb Film GenreMusic Latest Creativity News on Ad Age Ice-T and Lemonade Star in Geico's Latest Spot 1stAveMachine, Click 3X, Humble Add Director Duos Lowe's Latest Spot Is 'Multi-Porpoise' Advertisement Ad Age Events Nov 02 Los Angeles, CA SummitAd Age Brand Summit The Ad Age Brand Summit in Los Angeles peels apart the layers of brand building with a carefully crafted roster of top marketing, technology, and creative leaders. Learn more Related work California Milk Processor Board: Me Gusta Con Leche Grupo Gallegos California Milk Processor Board: Pinata Grupo Gallegos California Milk Processor Board: Battle Grupo Gallegos Want to see your work in our gallery? Submit now


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This set was perfect for the small area in my kitchenRead More
I would recommend my table set to friends. I am down sizing and this table set was just what I needed. Very happy!Read More
Love the set and it was exactly what we ordered. We put it together quickly and have been enjoying it since the day it arrivedRead More
I was hesitant to order the dining set online but it is exceptional in quality and ease of assembly. I am very pleased with this set and recommend this to everyone. It is a perfect height and size.Read More
Great piece to add to my kitchen. I love the way it looks and you can't beat the price or the cost of shipping. I managed to put it together myself with ease.Read More
Looks great in my small kitcken and not too bad to put together! Just be careful of hte rusty stuff that falls out of the metals do open on light carpet!Read More
this table was easy to put together but dont tighten all the screws all the way till every piece is in place directions were very hard to identify but when the table was together looks nice but not very fuctionable just a good decorational piece for the price.Read More
We ordered this table because we have a eat in kitchen but didn't think it was big enough for our current breakfast table. Now that it is all assembled and in place it is great. We absolutely love it. That being said it was a royal pain in the rear to assemble. I am pretty handy and tried on my own, much to my demise I needed my husbands muscle to get the holes to line up to screw in the bolts. I took a previous reviewers tip and wiped everything down before assembling. There was still some "rust dust" that came out of the legs after we stood it up but it did help. The assembly is not perfect if you look at it closely you can tell all the places it doesn't line up properly (especially the seat cushion), however, for the cost its not too shabby.Read More
When my husband was taking the parts out of the box, there was RUST coming off everywhere!!!! And putting it together......let's just say it's still an on going progress. I haven't sat at the table yet, but it looks good where we put it!Read More
PURCHASED: Chairs and table, for indoor use as a small kitchen table. ASSEMBLY: (1) Take everything out and lay on the floor, including bags, and account for everything in the directions. I suggest marking and identifying each of the bags with a Sharpie marker and the metal pieces with post-it notes. Also, if you're assembling inside, put metal pieces on a rug or large mat, as some of the pieces will be rusty. (2) Go through the directions step by step BEFORE you start putting things together. (3) You will need more than just the little Allen wrench included; suggest ratchet wrench a and/or at least a longer Allen wrench. Having WD40 or silicon spray also helps the threading of the bolts. (4) Before you setup, WIPE DOWN ALL of the metal pieces with a wet towel and then dry down, as some pieces will have "rust dust". This is not a big deal, but will become messy if you don't do it at the start. (5) For chair assempbly, put the chair backs on the chair seating base prior to attaching to the chair legs. (6) Use a drill for the screws securing the chair seat to the chair frame. (7) Assembly time is approximately 1.5 to 2 hours. COMMENTS: We used this for an indoor small kitchen table, and it works nicely. Glass sets on four small gummy stoppers, which actually makes the glass and table surprisingly sturdy. But, if you are going to lean hard on this table, get something else. Fine for the occasionally arm resting and strong enough for any dishes, etc. put on the table. This unit is also sturdy enough, but remember that it will wobble a bit. Chairs are solid, so is the table, just remember that there are four metal legs to each, so take note if weight is an issue for chairs or for what you put on the table. ISSUES: Again, the rust dust is annoying, but this happens; probably something in shipping overseas with sea salt or humidity in the warehouse before Overstock.com bought it. Don't expect $1,000 table for the table you see. If you want the $1,000 table, buy that somewhere else. Initially my shipment was missing the table feet, but we contacted Overstock.com and they followed up right away; replacement bag of four table feet was in my hand within the week. VERY HELPFUL SERVICE! SUMMARY: Bang for your buck outdoor table or indoor kitchen table.Read More
Ok, I love this table and it looks great but assembly was terrible! The instructions where picture based only and not clear pictures. After attempting several times to assemble this I hired a handy man!I will avoid assembly required from now on.Read More
This set looks great when all together but it is difficult to sit at. The chairs are very uncomfortable and you cannot lean on the table muchRead More
many imperfections when looked at up close, quality could be much better, not really exited over it.Read More
I absolutely love this product. I have it sitting in my bedroom, and I use it for doing homework and having coffee in the morning. It's the perfect size.The only downfall was that it took me about 3 hours to put it together. The bronze coloring came off on my hands when I first touched it, which was annoying.Read More
Love it!! It is perfect for our new kitchen nook. The metal finish and the seat cusion fabric look great. My husband assembled it without too many complaints...so it wasn't too difficult!! The only downfall it has is that the table is a bit wobbly, (maybe due to height) but floor protector pads on the legs did help the wobbles and protects my hardwood floors.) It is a wonderful addition to our new home!! Ease of ordering, delivery time and quality for the money would lead me to order from Overstock again.Read More
I was so excited to order this product. It appeared to match my new tuscan style kitchen perfectly. Unfortunately, the package arrived damage with small parts missing. This could be dealt with but the problems continued. Screws were much to small for openings and parts did not line up making it impossible to assemble the table. I have someone working with me to help correct the problem but my wonderful online bargain is no longer a bargain.Read More
I love the product. Just what I wanted and very easy to assemble.Read More
Web Bistro Dining Set
Today: $209.99


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On this website you will find information and answers to some of your key questions regarding the Emissions situation. If you have any further questions please contact us on 1800 504 076.
Volkswagen Group Australia has begun its voluntary recall program to address vehicles affected by the global emissions matter, starting with affected Amaroks.
We are working closely with Volkswagen Germany to develop a prompt resolution for other affected vehicles and in the meantime commit to keeping owners informed of all developments.
The update for the majority of affected vehicles is an update to the vehicle software. This adjustment will be relatively quick and has been made possible with advances in diesel engine technology. Vehicles fitted with a 1.6 litrediesel EA 189 engine will additionally be fitted with a minor hardware upgrade in the form of a "flow rectifier".
An overview of the technical solution can be viewed on our global YouTube channel.
Software installed on some of our vehicles permitted deviations in nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx) performance depending on whether the vehicle was running during a regulatory compliance-related test cycle or running outside the test cycle during normal road use.
Diesel Volkswagen vehicles with a 1.6L or 2.0L 4 cylinder TDI engine, manufactured between 2008-2015. For specific vehicles and years please refer to the Q&A below.
Q: What vehicles are affected?
A: The vehicles that are affected by the problem are equipped with diesel engines of the type EA 189 manufactured from about 2008 onwards. To see if your vehicle is affected, please visit http://volkswagendieselinfo.com.au and click on the "Check if my vehicle is affected" section. You will need your VIN number, which can be found in front of your service book or at the bottom of your windscreen (as you look into the vehicle from the outside).
Q: What is the problem with the affected vehicles?
A: Vehicles fitted with Type EA 189 engines contain software that affects the values of nitrogen oxide (NOx) readings in different modes.
Q: How can I tell if my vehicle is affected?
A: The chassis number (VIN) is the only certain way to identify the vehicles. With the VIN, you are able to check on our website if your car is affected or, if you have it available, I can check for you now. Petrol engines are not affected by the NOx issue. Only the Diesel EA1 189 engines are affected.
Q: What is the update?
A: The update involves a software update to the on-board emissions management system in both the 1.6 litre and 2.0 litre variants of the EA189 diesel engines. In vehicles with the 1.6 litre EA189 diesel engine, a minor hardware update, a "flow rectifier", will also be installed.
An overview of the update can be viewed on our dedicated Diesel Info website at: http://volkswagendieselinfo.com.au.
Q: Will the update carried out on the vehicle have a negative effect on the performance or fuel economy?
A: The intention is that the implementation of the update will not have a negative effect on performance or fuel economy. In Australia, we have started the voluntary recall initially with the Volkswagen Amarok. The results of the Amarok update have been approved by the Federal Motor Transport Authority in Germany and independently tested by TÜV NORD (technical inspection association) – both confirm there is no material impact to vehicle performance or fuel economy and that the vehicles remain safe to drive. These results have been accepted by the relevant Australian governing bodies.
Q: Is it safe to continue using the car until it can be inspected/repaired?
A: Yes, each vehicle remains safe to drive.
Q: How is Volkswagen going to compensate me for this situation?
A: The software update and, where necessary, the installation of a minor hardware component will be provided free of charge. The update has been designed to minimise disruption to your driving experience.
Q: Why is Volkswagen dealing with this issue differently in Australia compared with other countries like the US?
A: Emission regulations and vehicle standards vary from country to country. The affected vehicles in the USA are subject to much stricter laws in relation to emissions figures. The US market is also a special market due to its specific situation with regard to diesel vehicles and is not comparable with other markets.
In Australia, we are conducting a voluntary recall to update your vehicle's engine management software and where necessary, install a minor hardware component.
Q: Will this effect the residual value of the car?
A: Volkswagen Australia is not aware of any material impact on residual values of affected vehicles. Once the update is implemented, we do not believe that there will be any effect on the car's value.
Q: Why is it taking so long for Volkswagen to finally rollout measures to help the customers affected?
A: Several brands, various markets and models, and different model variants and years must be considered. Due to the number of model variants affected, there will be a phased release of the software updates. Volkswagen Australia will be in contact with each customer as soon as information about their vehicle becomes available.
Q: Do I have to bring in my vehicle for service now?
A: No, all affected vehicles are safe and able to be driven. As soon as the technical update to service the vehicles are identified and available for the Australian Market, all customers will be notified by Volkswagen Group Australia.
The recall work for the affected Amarok is a straightforward software update of the vehicles engine control unit
The results of this update have been approved by the Federal Motor Transport Authority in Germany and independently tested by TÜV NORD (technical inspection association) – both confirm there is no material impact to vehicle performance or fuel economy and that the vehicles remain safe to drive. These results have been accepted by the relevant Australian governing bodies.
To learn more about what happens as part of the recall, please watch the below video
If you currently own a 1.6L or 2.0L 4 cylinder TDI Volkswagen, your vehicle may be affected. Please enter your VIN in the box below to confirm whether your vehicle is involved.
We can inform you that the Type EA 189 engine built into your vehicle with the Vehicle Identification Number , you submitted as at is affected by software that causes discrepancies in the values for oxides of nitrogen (NOx) during laboratory testing. Your car is safe from a technical standpoint.
We apologise for the situation and can assure you that Volkswagen Germany are working hard to develop a technical solution. Volkswagen will cover the cost for any necessary measures.
Thank you for submitting your current details. We will be in touch with you shortly with next steps.
Please provide your current contact details so we can contact you with further updates.
Customers who would like further information can contact our customer call centre on 1800 504 076, 24 hours a day seven days a week.
Dear Volkswagen customer,
We wish to confirm that your vehicle with the Vehicle Identification Number you submitted as at , is not affected.
To ensure we can keep you informed with any further developments as it becomes available to us please provide your current contact details below.
Thank you for submitting your current details. We will be in touch with you shortly with next steps.
Customers who would like further information can contact our customer call centre on 1800 504 076, 24 hours a day seven days a week.
29th June 2016
Volkswagen Group Australia reassures owners.
Click here to see more
28th June 2016
Volkswagen Group Australia diesel Amarok update.
Click here to see more
29th February 2016
Volkswagen Group Australia commences diesel emission recall - Amarok first affected model to be recalled.
Click here to see more
15th December 2015
Confirmation that no Australian vehicles are impacted by the previously reported CO2 issue.
Click here to see more
26th November 2015
Video explaining technical correction measures for the EA 189 diesel engines.
Click here to view video
26th November 2015
Technical measures for the EA 189 diesel engines affected presented to the German Federal Motor Transport Authority.
Click here to see more
14th November 2015
Next step in clarifying the CO2 issue.
Click here to see more
28th October 2015
Matthias Müller unveils next steps for the Volkswagen Group.
Click here to see more
9th October 2015
Volkswagen Group Australia announces Voluntary Recall of affected diesel vehicles.
Click here to see more
9th October 2015
Volkswagen Group Australia - Update to number of Vehicles affected by diesel emissions issue.
Click here to see more
7th October 2015
Volkswagen Group Australia announces next steps in its action plan to address the worldwide diesel emissions issue.
Click here to read more


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Email address
Phone number
- Languages
- English, Español, Français
- Wendy's Airbnb Symbol
Hey, I'm Wendy!
I'm a culture and communication trainer from the U.S. living in Bangalore for the last year.
I'm new to Airbnb but have Couchsurfed for many years and love it! I only recently started hosting here in Bangalore. I've traveled quite a bit around Europe and lived for a year in Mexico, and now I'm trying to see as much of India as I can.
Some things I like to do: drink coconut water from the coconut, walk around open-air markets in different countries, sing songs, read about brain science, make my own food and share it with other people.
I'm an introvert who likes to be around other people and a homebody who likes to travel.
You can also go to the website of the organization I mentioned above and search for wendycheeese.


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Description: "Qualicraft Shoes" by Richard Estes, 1974 Signed Serigraph. Paper size is 35.25 x 49 inches, with an image size of 33 x 46.5 inches. The Serigraph is from an edition size of 100 and is currently framed. The condition was rated A: Mint. Additional details:
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Classification of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into their respective haplogroups allows the addressing of various anthropologic and forensic issues. Unique to mtDNA is its abundance and non-recombining uni-parental mode of inheritance; consequently, mutations are the only changes observed in the genetic material. These individual mutations are classified into their cladistic haplogroups allowing the tracing of different genetic branch points in human (and other organisms) evolution. Due to the large number of samples, it becomes necessary to automate the classification process. Using 5-fold cross-validation, we investigated two classification techniques on the consented database of 21 141 samples published by the Genographic project. The support vector machines (SVM) algorithm achieved a macro-accuracy of 88.06% and micro-accuracy of 96.59%, while the random forest (RF) algorithm achieved a macro-accuracy of 87.35% and micro-accuracy of 96.19%. In addition to being faster and more memory-economic in making predictions, SVM and RF are better than or comparable to the nearest-neighbor method employed by the Genographic project in terms of prediction accuracy.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the DNA located inside cell organelles called mitochondria. Whereas, regular nuclear DNA is present as a single copy per cell residing in the cell nucleus, mtDNA exists in multiple (2–10) copies within every mitochondrion present in the cell [10]. This means anywhere from hundreds of copies of mtDNA in regular cells to over 10 000 in liver cells, giving scientists easy access to vast numbers of samples as well as the higher likelihood of mtDNA surviving over time versus nuclear DNA. Further, differentiating mtDNA from nuclear DNA is its evolutionary origin. Due to its circular nature reminiscent of bacterial DNA, it is believed that the mtDNA is a component of ancestral bacterial DNA that was consumed by early eukaryotic cells: ancestors to modern cells. It is also believed that the vast majority of nuclear DNA originated from this bacterial origin before eventually transferring to the nucleus through evolution.
What makes the study of mtDNA intriguing is its uni-parental and non-recombining mode of inheritance. Normal nuclear DNA is passed from one generation to subsequent generation through meiosis, where genetic material in the form of chromosomes are halved from each parent, followed by fertilization where the two gametes are fused to the original number of chromosomes. During meiosis, genetic recombination occurs as chromosomes of each pair usually cross over. In this form of reproduction only half of the parental nuclear DNA makes it into the genetic code of the offspring.
In contrast, mtDNA is inherited almost exclusively from the mother. Mechanisms for this are attributed to simple dilution as each egg contains anywhere from 100 000 to 1 000 000 copies of mtDNA whereas sperm cells carry only 100 to 1000 (the majority of which resides wrapped around the tail that is oftentimes discarded as the sperm mates with the egg). Additionally, it has been shown that mammalian sperm cells are marked with ubiquitin during fertilization for destruction later on inside the embryo.
This mode of maternally exclusive inheritance allows the tracing of human lineage far back in time as the mtDNA remains constant from one generation to the next. This is further compounded by mtDNAs' susceptibility to reactive oxidative species leading to a large number of mutations that allows detailed cladistic (a form of biological systematics that classifies living organisms based on shared ancestry) ancestral studies [1].
Launched in 2005, the Genographic project [2] under the direction of the National Geographic Society began assembly of a large database of mtDNA samples to address anthropological issues on a global level. A total of 78 590 typed mtDNA samples are collected with 21 141 samples released to the public at the participants' consent.
To make use of mtDNA in anthropologic studies, the DNA is sequenced and classified into designated haplogroups (Hgs) which contain similar haplotypes that share a common ancestor based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutations. Most recent sequencing technology sequence the first hypervariable region (HVR-I) of the circular DNA. Although many different definitions exist for the location of HVR-I, the nucleotides used in this project consists of those in the range from 16 024 to 16 569.
Due to mtDNAs' susceptibility to mutation, that allows the possibility of numerous back mutations (a mutation that reverts to its original phenotype) as well as the occurrence of homoplasy (acquisition of identical traits in unrelated lineage), the Genographic project also conducted the typing of 22 coding region biallelic sites in addition to the standard extended sequencing of HVR-I; the Hgs utilized in the database are defined by the combined use of the 22-SNP panel results and the HVR-I haplotypes. A subset of 16 609 samples, known as the reference database, are used to train a function to automate the labeling and categorization process of the genetic information found in HVR-I.
The Genographic Project currently utilizes two 1-nearest neighbor (1-NN) based classification algorithms [3] for the task of categorizing HVR-I mtDNA sequences into their 23 basal Hgs. The 1-NN approach is a classification method in pattern recognition and instance-based learning (the algorithm constructs hypotheses from training instances that allows increasingly complex hypotheses in larger training sets) often considered one of the simplest machine learning algorithms.
The leave-one-out cross-validation accuracy on the reference database is determined to be 96.72–96.73%. This was compared to a rule based approach algorithm which only attained an accuracy of 85.3%. This can be mostly attributed to the sensitivity of rule based algorithms to the homoplasy and back mutations often associated with mtDNA HVR-I [2]. Since such parallel evolution is rampant in mtDNA, the ability of rule-based algorithms to classify HVR-I Hgs is expected to be unreliable [1].
In this study, we investigate two state-of-the-art classification algorithms. Namely, the random forest (RF) and support vector machines (SVM) algorithms. These two algorithms are promising because they often yield comparable accuracy to the 1-NN algorithm. Moreover, these two algorithms are more efficient in terms of time spent on predicting new samples. Experiments conducted on the consented database show that SVM is the most accurate one, correctly classifying 70 more samples than 1-NN. RF is slightly less accurate but still comparable to 1-NN. We further analyze the results on Hgs with low accuracy rates by examining the confusion matrices and discuss the possible causes.
This article is organized as follows. We introduce the classification algorithms in the next section. The results are presented and discussed in section 'Results and Discussion'. We then give the concluding remarks in the last section.
We first introduce the 1-NN algorithm employed by Behar et al. [2]. We then briefly describe two additional classification algorithms: RF and SVM. These classification algorithms are evaluated using the consented database, Database S1 [4], compiled by the Genographic project. This database consists of 21 141 mtDNA samples, each of which is genotyped, and whose HVR-I haplotype is provided. Each sample is transformed into a vector of 545 binary variables, each of which indicates the presence or absence of a SNP. The samples have been Hg-labeled into coarse Hgs and further sub-Hgs, with classification achieved through the use of a panel of 22 coding-region SNPs and hypervariable region I (HVR-I) motifs. These Hg-labels are recognized as the 'gold-standard', to which all other classifications will be compared. To facilitate comparison, the dataset is split into five subsets and 5-fold cross-validation of the algorithms is conducted using the same partition.
Being an instance-based classification algorithm, the k-NN algorithm relies on a reference dataset, each sample in which is tagged with an Hg label. A new sample is classified by a majority vote of its k-NN. The distance between two samples is gauged by the Hamming distance, the number of letters that differ between the two. The best choice of k generally depends on the data; a larger k value will eliminate noise and errors found in the dataset but also blur the boundaries between distinct classes. An optimal k value can be obtained using a heuristic approach such as cross-validation. Due to the large amount of samples available to the project, the Genographic project utilizes the 1-NN method (where k = 1) [2].
The NN algorithm has the advantages of being easy to implement and interpret. It is in theory, the optimal classifier minimizing the expected squared prediction error [5] when there are a substantial number of reference samples uniformly distributed in space. The algorithm, however, becomes computationally intensive, especially as the sample size grows (as in the case of the Genographic project with over 70 000 samples).
Leo Breiman and Adele Cutler's RF algorithm [6] is a class of supervised, ensemble learning algorithms. RF grows ntree single decision trees, each tree submitting a 'vote' of classification. A given sample, in this case, a mtDNA HVR-1 haplotype, is input through all ntree trees. The Hg that receives majority vote is attached to the sample. Given a training dataset consisting of n samples and m features, a decision tree in RF is grown and propagated by (i) creating a bootstrap sample of equivalent size n by random sampling with replacement from the pool of n samples, (ii) selecting a designated mtry (<<m) features, sampling without replacement from the available pool of m for each tree, with one variable deciding the split at each node of a decision tree and (iii) growing the tree to full potential, without any pruning. Across a forest, bootstrap samples and composition of mtry nodal variables or features vary.
The random sampling inherent in RF accommodates several advantages. Each decision tree in the forest is built from a different bootstrap sample. Bootstrap samples typically represent approximately two-thirds of the available and full sample pool [7]. The training set for any particular classification tree leaves out a significant portion of the samples, thus called 'out-of-bag' (OOB) data. These excluded samples, because they were not used to construct a given tree, serve to provide an unbiased estimate of classification error. All OOB data is input through their respective trees and a classification for each OOB case is voted on. The collective OOB data serve as a formative test set, and each OOB case or sample assigned a series of test set classifications, the number equivalent to how many times that particular case was left out of the training set for a tree. OOB error is calculated by taking the proportion of classifications for a OOB case that do not agree with the true, 'gold-standard' classification over the total number of cases.
Though OOB error is stand-alone and sufficient indication of accuracy rates for a RF model, not all samples become OOB data when constructing the forest. Furthermore, predictions for cases are difficult to extract. In order to accommodate fine-tuned analysis of predicted versus observed Hg labels for every sample, using cross-validation ensures that all samples are eventually input into the model, and a classification provided for each sample.
The mtry and ntree parameters for our RF models have been carefully selected so as to minimize the OOB error. The tuneRF function of the RF package locates the optimal mtry value for each ntree value considered. The best pair of ntree and mtry is then selected to be the one with the lowest OOB error. In this study, the ntree values 300, 400 and 500 are considered.
Especially with such a large dataset at hand, with 545 variables (SNPs), RF demands lots of memory and running time. With so many variables to consider, creating a straightforward and reliable model often becomes excruciatingly difficult. Training a model in RF becomes unwieldy and highly time consuming, also compromising accuracy and model efficacy due to the presence of so many variables, some of which may not even hold any relevance to the classification scheme. Principal component analysis (PCA) [5, 8] is a factor analysis technique that identifies the most meaningful basis in which to express a given dataset. PCA preserves the dynamics of the original dataset, but expresses it in another basis that may or may not be of reduced dimension. The new basis vectors represent the principal components (PCs) of the new subspace.
We achieve PCA through eigendecomposition [8]: (i) Let X be an n by m matrix, where n is the number of mtDNA samples and m is the number of variables in consideration. (ii) Find the sample covariance matrix CX of the original m variables in X. (iii) Perform eigendecomposition on CX such that PTCXP = CY, where P is an orthogonal matrix, whose columns are the PCs, and CY, a diagonal matrix containing the eigenvalues, is the sample covariance matrix of the new m variables defined by the PCs. (iv) Let Y = XP be the transformed dataset, X projected onto the new subspace defined by the PCs. Construction of RF models can then be based on the transformed dataset Y.
A further dimensional reduction step of PCA is to select k PCs out of the total m new variables or PCs. Oftentimes, k is varied by ordering PCs (eigenvectors) by their respective variances (eigenvalues). In this study, k = 64 when 90% of total variance is accounted for in the 64 PCs with the highest eigenvalues. Likewise, k is varied such that k PCs with the highest eigenvalues are selected.
Feature selection is a by-product of RF. A built-in function of the RF package, importance, ranks variables according to their respective Gini index, a numeric indicator of decrease in node impurity when a particular variable is purposely considered in the construction of an RF classification model [7]. After a RF model is trained on the transformed dataset, we obtain the importance value for each PC. The agreement between the eigenvalues and the importance values can then be accessed by computing the correlation between the two scores.
Support vector machine classification is a binary classification algorithm, where only two classes are present in a training dataset [5, 9]. That is, a training dataset takes the following form:
where xi is a m-dimensional real vector and ci is the class to which the point xi belongs. Given a training dataset, SVM maps the samples to a high-dimensional space and seeks a maximal-margin separating hyperplane between the two classes of samples while mis-classification is allowed with penalty. Mapping the original space to a high-dimensional space, often called the feature space, is achieved by the use of a kernel function which implicitly maps two samples to the feature space and computes the inner product between them. Mapping samples to the feature space has the benefit of making those samples inseparable in the original space separable. The radial basis function (RBF) is the kernel of choice, where γ is a parameter.
Despite being a binary classification algorithm, SVM is capable of handling multi-class data. The implementation we use, LIBSVM [11], takes the one-against-one approach, where a classifier is built for each pair of classes. Therefore, for a k-class classification problem, k(k-1)/2 classifiers are trained. This approach is more computation-intensive than others such the one-against-the-rest method, but it was shown empirically to be more effective in terms of prediction accuracy. In order to optimize the performance of SVM, 5-fold cross-validation is conducted on the consented database to tune the parameter C, the penalty constant, and γ on a grid [12]. Following the determination of the optimal parameters, the algorithm is trained again using the optimal parameters and the 5-fold cross-validation accuracy on the consented database is obtained.
The RF package for R was used in this study [13]. RF was run through a 4 GB RAM Windows server and loaded through the RGUI programming environment. We performed seven runs of RF, with and without sub-selection of variables and with k = 64, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 545 variables considered for each model, as shown in Table 1 . The performance is compared in terms of micro-accuracy and macro-accuracy. The former is the weighted average of all Hg-wise accuracy rates, whereas the latter represents the non-weighted, raw average.
We ran importance on RF with the first 100 of 545 eigenvectors or PCs in descending order of the corresponding eigenvalues. A correlation coefficient of 0.64 was calculated between importance values and the eigenvalues, indicating strong correlation between the two scores.
We expected PCA to increase RF accuracy rates. Because multiple trials were not performed for each parameter set listed in Table 1, a difference in the accuracy rates cannot be statistically declared nor inferred. Since RF functions on random sampling of training samples and variables, given the same parameter set, a different RF model will be trained and accuracy rates will differ. Variability in RF accuracy rates might as well be due to inherent variability present in RF, not due to the application of PCA techniques or variations in number of variables considered in the model. Future work must involve multiple trials for each parameter set in order to generate a range of error and thus deduce statistically significant results.
The SVM trials were run with the LIBSVM-2.89 build on a Windows machine. By searching the set {(γ, C ) | γ, C {2−2, 2−1.5, … , 22}}, the optimal values of γ and C were determined to be 0.25 and 4, respectively. 5-fold cross-validation using the optimal parameters indicated the prediction accuracy of SVM to be 88.06% (macro-accuracy) and 96.57% (micro-accuracy).
Figure 1 summarizes the comparison of the Hg-wise accuracy rates by SVM, RF, RF-PCA and 1-NN algorithms, where RF-PCA denotes RF in conjunction with PCA with the best parameter set. The macro- and micro-accuracy rates of the classifiers are reported in Table 2. The individual Hg prediction accuracy rates by SVM, RF, RF-PCA and 1-NN are collected in Table 3.
Training an RF model involves bootstrap sampling, which excludes certain samples or cases in construction of the forest. Whereas in training an SVM model, all cases in the training set are considered in building the model. This may account for some differences in predictive accuracy. However, because different bootstrap samples serve as the training set for each tree in a forest, across the forest, it is highly unlikely to find an OOB sample.
From Table 3, we can see that all four algorithms performed poorly on Hgs N*, M*, R9, R* and HV*. According to the confusion matrices in Figure 2, some N* samples are mis-classified as I or W, which is a relatively larger Hg than N*. Similarly, some R9 samples are mis-classified as H, and some R* samples are mis-classified as H or U*. Therefore, the low performance on Hgs N*, R9 and R* is likely due to sampling bias of the consented database.
Sampling bias, however, may not be the sole reason why Hgs with smaller sample sizes have low accuracy rates. Hg R0* has an accuracy rate of at least 94.55% despite having only 55 samples. Therefore, we suspected that some Hgs are intrinsically difficult to be distinguished from other Hgs. To better understand Hg M*, we plotted the samples in Hgs M*, D, W and L3* in the space spanned by the first three PCs, since an M* sample is sometimes mistaken for a D, W or L3*. The scatter plot in Figure 3 confirms our hypothesis.
It is not surprising that some samples in Hg HV* are mistaken for samples in Hg H or V as seen in Figure 2. The three Hgs HV*, H and V are in the same sub-tree in the phylogeny of mtDNA Hgs presented in [2], where the three Hgs are distinguished by looking at three coding region SNPs. Their similarity is also observed by a scatter plot (not shown) with the first 3 PCs. Therefore, HV*, the smallest one among the three Hgs, is sacrificed by all three classification algorithms so as to maximize the micro-accuracy.
Underrepresented Hgs are likely under-sampled or even excluded all together, and overrepresented Hg tend to be randomly selected at higher frequencies, leading to an unbalanced dataset. Forming coarser-Hg divisions, reducing or increasing weights on relevant Hgs to compensate for the imbalance are possibilities to pursue.
In addition to the issue of sampling bias, we have demonstrated that some Hgs are intrinsically inseparable from one another provided only the HVR-I region is available. Ambiguous samples can be identified by examining the posterior probabilities, which are estimated by the SVM and RF implementations utilized in this study. Typing the coding region SNPs may be necessary to assist the categorization of these samples because of their important role in defining the Hgs.
We conclude that SVM outperforms 1-NN in terms of predictive performance. RF is likely to be the worst of the three. However, more experiments should be conducted with each parameter set for the conclusion to be statistically sound. We argue that SVM and RF are faster and more memory-economic than 1-NN in making inferences on new samples because they don't rely on the entire training dataset. These are desirable features when Hg inference from mtDNA is implemented as a web service.
The algorithms and work presented in this paper involves categorization of mtDNA in the HVR-I region into their basal (coarse) Hgs. However, each Hg also contains much finer sub-Hgs which can further contribute to the addressing of anthropological questions. Future work may include using algorithms to categorize mtDNA samples into finer sub-Hgs provided enough samples are available for each sub-Hgs.
National Science Foundation [CCF0755373 to C.W., Y.L., C.L. and C.-H.H.]; and the National Institutes of Health [R13LM008619 to C.-H.H.].
This research was carried out in conjunction with the Bio-Grid Initiatives and the REU program at the University of Connecticut.
Carol Wong is currently an undergraduate student at the Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania. She was a recipient of the 2009 NSF Bio-Grid REU Fellowship.
Yuran Li is currently an undergraduate student at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware. He was a recipient of the 2009 NSF Bio-Grid REU Fellowship.
Chih Lee received the B.S. and M.S. degree in computer science and information engineering in 2003 and 2005, respectively, from the National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. He is currently a doctoral student at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut. His research interest includes bioinformatics, computational biology, data mining, machine learning and natural language processing.
Chun-Hsi Huang received his PhD from the State University of New York at Buffalo in Computer Science in 2001. He is currently an Associate Professor at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering of the University of Connecticut. He is affiliated with the International Society of Computational Biology (ISCB) and the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA).
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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