text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jul 9, 2002
|Filing date
|Nov 22, 1999
|Priority date
|Nov 22, 1999
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Abdul M. ElHatem, Lamar T. Baker, Jaime Lerma, Mostafa R. Yazdy
|Original Assignee
|Xerox Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (18), Classifications (9), Legal Events (8)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to acoustic printing, and more particularly to improving the off state of a column switch, in order to control the on/off switching ratio between ejectors of an acoustic printhead.
The fundamentals of acoustically ejecting droplets from an ejector device such as a printhead has been widely described, and the present assignee has obtained patents on numerous concepts related to this subject matter. In acoustic printing, an array of ejectors forming a printhead is covered by a pool of liquid. Each ejector can direct a beam of sound energy against a free surface of the liquid. The impinging acoustic beam exerts radiation pressure against the surface of the liquid. When the radiation pressure is sufficiently high, individual droplets of liquid are ejected from the pool surface to impact upon a medium, such as paper, to complete the printing process. The ejectors may be arranged in a matrix or array of rows and columns, where the rows stretch across the width of the recording medium, and the columns of ejectors are approximately perpendicular.
Ideally, each ejector when activated ejects a droplet identical in size to the droplets of all the other ejectors in the array. Thus, each ejector should operate under identical conditions.
In acoustic printing, the general practice is to address individual ejectors by applying a common RF pulse to a segment of a row, and to control the current flow to each ejector using column switches. In some cases it is desirable to use one column switch for several rows in parallel in order to reduce the number of column driver chips and wire bonds, and hence cost, in the system. Unfortunately, this approach results in parasitic current paths which can cause undesired RF current to flow through ejectors that are not in an ON state.
In existing systems, the switching ratio is limited and will vary with the number of ejectors that are ON in a given row. A switching ratio is defined as the RF power in an OFF ejector, to the RF power in an ON ejector (i.e. POFF/PON).
FIG. 1 illustrates an acoustic switching array with a desired current path for a selected row and selected column for an existing system. Switching matrix 10 is a 4-row 12 a, 12 b, 12 c, 12 d by 64 column 14 a, 14 b, 14 zz switching matrix. Rows are connected to the matrix via switching elements 16 a, 16 b, 16 c, 16 d, and columns are also connected through switching elements 18 a, 18 b, 18 zz. At the intersection of the columns and rows are transducers 20. Current paths of matrix 10 are terminated at RF ground 21. It is to be appreciated that while the matrix of FIG. 1 is a 4-row by 64-column matrix, the present invention may be used in other matrix designs.
Matrix 10 is supplied by a power source 22 which provides its output to an RF signal matching circuit 24. By proper switch sequencing, a desired current path for a selected row and selected column is obtained. For example, in FIG. 1, by closing switch 16 a and switch 18 a, a current path is provided from the RF matching network 24 to transducer 20 a via row 12 a and column 14 a. As the remaining rows and columns are unselected, only transducer 20 a is intended to be activated to emit a droplet.
Unfortunately, the interconnect paths used to implement a low-cost acoustic printhead include unavailable, undesirable current paths, as shown and discussed for example in connection with FIGS. 2-5. One problem with the proposed printheads is that they used switches which are known as "leaky" or "lossy" switches which add to the existence of undesirable current paths. An example of the foregoing is depicted in FIG. 2. In this figure, switches 16 a and 18 a are maintained in a closed position while the remaining switches are unselected, and current is provided to transducer 20 a. However, undesired current will also flow through transducer 20 b, which is in selected row 12 a but unselected column 14 a. Similarly, FIG. 3 illustrates a situation where undesired current flows through transducer 20 c, which is in selected column 18 a and unselected row 12 c.
FIGS. 4 and 5 set forth similar simplified depictions of switching matrix 10.
FIG. 4 illustrates a situation where 63 columns 26 and one row 12 a are selected, i.e. are ON, and a single column 28 and remaining three rows 12 b-12 d are unselected, i.e. are OFF. Under this arrangement, the inventors have calculated that there is approximately 514 μA flowing through transducer 30, which represents the transducers in selected row 12 a, and 63 ON columns 26 of matrix 10. It was also determined by this analysis that 393 μA of current will flow in transducer 32, located in selected row 12 a and the 64th unselected column 28 of transducers. With this information, it is found that the switching ratio between these two currents is equal to:
393 μA/514 μA=0.765=−2.32 dB.
FIG. 5 depicts an alternative arrangement where one column 34, and one row 12 a are selected, and remaining 63 columns 36 and 3 rows 12 b-12 d are unselected. In this situation, the selected current path for transducer 38 has a current of 504 μA, whereas an unwanted current of approximately 368 μA exists through each of the unselected transducers connected to selected column 34 and unselected rows 12 b-12 d. This results in a switching ratio equal to:
The cumulative current through switch 18 a is approximately 1607 μA (i.e. 504 μA from the transducer in column 34, row 12 a, and from the transducers in column 34, rows 12 b-12 d, at 368 μA each), and the voltage at switches 18 b-18 zz is 741 mv.
When using aqueous inks for acoustic ink printing, the desired ejection velocity will be approximately 4 m/sec. This can be achieved using approximately 1 dB of power over the ejection threshold. Given that there are power non-uniformities in the aqueous printhead of approximately +/−0.5 dB, and the desire to maintain some margin of safety (e.g. −0.5 dB) to insure that ejectors which are unselected are truly OFF, an appropriate switching ratio may be found by the restrictions of: switching ratio (SR)>(overdrive for 4 m/sec)+(non-uniformity)+(margin to insure appropriate OFF state), which results in:
Therefore, a switching ratio of −2.5 to −3.0 dB will be acceptable for printing of aqueous inks, when a −0.5 to −1,0 dB safety margin is added.
However, and more specifically related to the present invention, phase-change inks require more power over the threshold than aqueous inks. To achieve a necessary 4 m/sec ejection velocity, it has been determined that a −4 dB power over the threshold will be required. For phase-change inks, it is intended to use static E-fields to reduce this power requirement, however it is still necessary to eject the droplets at approximately 2 m/sec, i.e. −2 dB over threshold. Non-uniformities in the phase-change printhead are similar to those for aqueous ink printheads (i.e. +/−0.5 dB), and the margin for turning the switches fully OFF will also be similar (i.e. −0.5 dB). Therefore, the switching ratio for phase-change inks will require:
Then, with a −0.5 to −1,0 dB safety margin added, a switching ratio of −3.5 to −4.0 dB is acceptable. Existing switching networks do not insure adequate switching ratios for phase-change printing when the foregoing requirements are taken into consideration.
It has thus been determined desirable to increase the switching ratio, and to control the switching ratio at a desired level, independent of the number of ejectors which are ON. It has also been determined desirable to provide such control in a circuit which is compact, manufacturable, and is functional with the general designs of acoustic printheads.
Two embodiments of column switch compensation circuits are disclosed which act to ensure a necessary level of turnoff for column switches in a transducer matrix. With attention to another aspect of the invention, shown are several integrated semi-conductor architectures for use in a compensation circuit which drives transducers of an acoustic printhead. The architectures disclose switching circuitry which provides for an injection of compensating current in order to improve the turn off an unselected column in a transducer switching array or matrix. The integrated circuits are designed to provide isolation between a column switch, integrated as a high-voltage diode, and a compensation switch, configured as a switching diode or PMOS switch which operates inversely to the column selecting switch. Implementation of the compensation switch ensures a desired turn-off of an unselected column switch associated with an unselected transducer.
FIG. 1 illustrates a switching matrix for an acoustic printhead;
FIG. 2 depicts the matrix of FIG. 1 showing a concept of current leakage in a selected row, unselected column situation;
FIG. 3 shows the matrix of FIG. 1 in an unselected row, selected column situation;
FIG. 4 depicts a simplified representation of FIG. 1 wherein a single row and 63 columns are selected, i.e. ON;
FIG. 5 sets forth the simplified representation of FIG. 1 wherein a single row and single column are selected;
FIG. 6 shows a simplified circuit showing a compensation concept of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a simplified representation of the switching network of FIG. 1 including a column scheme to increase the switching ratio;
FIG. 8 depicts a case where 63 ejectors re in an OFF state and a single ejector is in an ON state;
FIG. 9 is a first embodiment of driving circuitry to accomplish the concepts of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a second embodiment of driving circuitry to accomplish the concepts of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a simplified illustration of the relationship between a switching diode and an RF compensation diode according to the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 12 depicts a first embodiment of a compensation circuit configured as an integrated semi-conductor circuit;
FIG. 13 depicts a second embodiment of the compensation circuit;
FIG. 14 illustrates a third embodiment of the compensation circuit;
FIG. 15 depicts a fourth embodiment of the compensation circuit; and
FIG. 16 depicts a fifth embodiment of the compensation circuit.
A general practice for controlling the emitters of an acoustic ink printer array is to address the individual ejectors by applying a common RF pulse to a segment of a row, and to control the current flow to each ejector using column switches. In existing systems, it is preferable to use one column switch for several rows in parallel in order to reduce the number of column driver chips and wire bonds, and therefore cost, in the system matrix.
Unfortunately, this approach results in parasitic current paths which can limit the effective switching ratio of the RF column switches, and can result in switching ratios that vary with the number of ejectors in an ON state in a given row. For phase change acoustic ink printing, there is a need for switching ratios in excess of the typical −2-3 dB minimum that can be achieved with ganged 4-row column switches. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/449,038, entitled Method and Apparatus For Achieving Controlled RF Switching Ratios To Maintain Thermal Uniformity In The Acoustic Focal Spot Of An Acoustic Ink Printhead, filed Nov. 24, 1999, and hereby incorporated by reference, describes various architectures which permit for precise control of the switching ratio, independent of the number of ejectors ON or OFF, in order to limit thermal non-uniformities in printheads. the switching ratio, independent of the number of ejectors ON or OFF, in order to limit thermal non-uniformities in printheads.
The compensation network, shown in FIG. 6, illustrates the concept of providing a compensating current path to the column nodes of the transducer signal for the required level of compensation. A transducer 50, of the type in acoustic printheads, is interconnected between a power source 52 and a switch 54. It is noted that switch 54 is considered a "leaky" or "lossy" switch, and when unselected, may not be entirely OFF. The "leaky" nature of switch 54 means a current path may exist whereby undesirable current flows through transducer 50. A concept of the present invention is to inject an RF current 56 from a current source 58 which will cause the voltage at the switch to rise when the switch is in an OFF state. This improves the turn off of switch 54, thereby providing a more complete OFF state. Providing a stronger turn-off for such switches, means less undesirable current will flow, allowing for an increase in the switching ratio. A switching ratio has been defined as the ratio of the undesired RF power in an OFF ejector, to that in an ejector that is in an ON state (i.e. POFF/PON).
FIG. 7 shows a simplified version of switching matrix 60 having 4 rows and 64 columns. In this example, switching matrix 60 has 63 selected columns 62, and a single selected row 12 a. This circuit also depicts a single unselected column 66 and 3 unselected rows 12 b-12 d. A column switch 68 is in a selected position, which corresponds to the selection of the 63 columns 62. Switch 70 is in an unselected state.
A compensation circuit 72 is provided which includes a first capacitor 74, and switching terminals 76, 78 and terminal 80. Terminal 78 has included therein a 32 pico-farad compensation capacitor 82, and terminal 80 has a 16 pico-farad compensation capacitor 84. In this initial representation, when selector 86 is at terminal 76, a connection is made from RF source 88 through capacitor 74 to switch 70. Similar to the discussion in connection with the switching network of FIG. 6, this arrangement injects a supplementing current through capacitor 74, which insures a strong turn-off of switch 70. Alternatively, terminal 78 may be selected by selector 86 whereby the compensation current is provided through a capacitive coupling to RF source 88. A further manner in which additional current can be injected to the unselected column switches is through selector 86 connecting to terminal 80, which provides for a capacitive coupling to ground for switch 70.
By injecting different levels of current into the column switches in this manner, it is possible to increase and stabilize the effective switching ratio for a number of ejectors irrespective of those which are ON or OFF. FIG. 7 illustrates a case where 63 ejectors are ON and one OFF, in which the switching ratio relative to the selected row/unselected column has been increased. Specifically, transducers in the selected columns have 514 μA and the transducers in the unselected column has 268 μA. Therefore, the switching ratio is:
It is worth noting that switching capacitor 90 is provided for connection to columns 1-63. It is to be appreciated that capacitor 90 represents a network of compensation capacitors such that each column has appropriate capacitive valves.
To emphasize the foregoing concept, illustrated in FIG. 8 is matrix configuration 60 of FIG. 7, where a single column is selected 92 and 63 columns are unselected 94. Further, a single row is selected 12 a and three rows of the matrix are unselected 12 b-12 d. Compensation selection network 72 is shown with selector 86 connected to terminal 80, which includes compensation capacitor 84 coupled to ground. In this example, the switching ratio is:
Thus, whereas the switching network 10 of FIG. 4 (which includes 63 selected columns and one selected row) has a switching ratio of −2.32 dB, the addition and use of compensation selection network 72 of FIG. 7 is able to increase this switching ratio to −5.67 dB. Similarly, whereas the switching network of FIG. 5 (which includes one selected column and one selected row) has a switching ratio of −2.73 dB, FIG. 8 which also has a single selected column and a single selected row, uses the compensation selection network 72 to increase its switching ratio to −5.04 dB. Thus, the foregoing discussion illustrates the addition of a compensation selection network 72 allows for an improvement in the switching ratio for ejectors of an acoustic ink printer.
Turning attention more particularly to the present invention, described are various architectures which may be employed to manufacture a switching design used to provide compensation current so as to lower undesirable current in an OFF transducer of an acoustic ink printhead.
In a switching network of the present invention, a voltage source generates a signal which is routed through a selected transducer by applying the signal to the selected row of the array and grounding the selected column of the array. The row is selected by forward biasing a row switch, which in one embodiment may be a diode, such as a PIN diode, and the column is selected by turning on a column switch, which in the present embodiment is a diode, such as a high voltage (HV) diode. However, other paths exist through the array from the voltage source (VRF) to the selected column, which are in parallel with the primary selected path. The impedance of the effective secondary paths will vary with the number of columns selected at any one time. This means in circuits without the compensation network of the present invention, the effective ON vs. OFF current through a selected transducer, and therefore the switching ratio, will vary considerably, depending on the number of columns being selected.
Turning to FIGS. 9 and 10, illustrated are two embodiments of compensation circuits 110, 132, which realize the functions that provide the desired ON to OFF switching ratio across a printhead array over selected and unselected rows and columns. Compensation circuits 110, 132 are for incorporation in the overall transducer switching matrix previously described, and are designed to provide column compensation.
Capacitor 112, modeled as a 0.5 pf capacitor, represents a selected transducer of the switching matrix. In compensation circuit 110 a signal from voltage reference source 114 is routed through selected transducer 112 by applying the signal to the selected row, by row selection mechanism 116 of the matrix, and grounding the selected column of the matrix. The row is selected by selection mechanism 116, by forward biasing PIN diode 118. The column is selected by turning on HV diode 120. As previously discussed, there are alternative paths through the matrix from voltage reference source 114 to the selected column, which are in parallel with the primary selected path. Without current compensation, impedance of the effective secondary path would vary with the number of columns selected at any one time, and the effective ON vs. OFF current through a selected transducer would vary considerably depending on the number of columns selected.
Compensation circuit 110 obtains a desired switching ratio by applying compensating currents to the columns or rows of a switching matrix which are not selected. Compensating current is obtained by use of an extra RF compensation switch 122 for every column switching diode 120, where the compensation switch 122 is designed to switch in an inverse fashion of column switching diode 120. In FIG. 9, the compensation switch 122 is a diode switch configuration. When column switching diode 120 is ON, and a column is selected, diode switch configuration 122 is OFF. Driving circuit 124 drives column switching diode 120 upon selection of the associated column. Alternatively, when a particular column is in an unselected state, column switching diode 120 will be OFF and diode switch 122 will be ON.
When in a non-selected state, input from driving circuit 124 is provided to level shifter 126, and the output of level shifter 126 acts to turn on the diode switch configuration (extra RF switch) 122. Injection of compensation current pulls this portion of the compensation circuit to a stronger OFF state, as it is brought to voltage ground through terminating resistor 128. To hold compensation switch 122 OFF, the voltage at terminating resistor 128 will be larger than the voltage at the cathode of diode switch 122. To turn compensation switch 122 ON, the voltage at terminating resistor 128 will be lower than that at compensation switch 122. Compensation switch 122 is designed to be electrically isolated from the operational characteristics of the column switching diode 120. The inclusion of bonding pad 130 shows that column switching diode 120 may be located on a separate chip from transducer 112, although they may also be provided on an integrated device.
Turning to FIG. 10, a distinction between compensation circuit 132 of FIG. 10, and compensation circuit 110 of FIG. 9 is the use of a PMOS switch configuration 134, as the extra RF switch to ensure proper compensation in turning OFF unselected columns. The operational concepts of compensation circuit 132 are substantively the same as compensation circuit 110. Therefore PMOS switch 134 also operates in an inverse manner to column switching diode 120, in order to reduce non-switch current through transducer 112.
In FIGS. 9 and 10, the equivalent transducer circuit is modeled with 0.5 pF in series with 300 ohms. An RF switch is modeled in an ON state with 50 ohms, and in a OFF state as a 0.25 pF capacitor which translates to 4 k ohms at the selected operational frequency. Compensation circuits 110, 132 are designed in one embodiment such that a switching ratio of 5 dB or better exists across the printhead array.
FIG. 11 is a simplified compensation circuit 140 depicting operation between column switching diode 120, and compensation diode 122. When transducer 112 is selected by a selecting device (not shown) column switching diode 120, acting as a switch, turns on providing a circuit path for transducer 112 to ground 142. Alternatively, when transducer 112 is in a non-selected state, in order to ensure sufficient turn-off of diode switch 120, a signal is applied by RF or driving circuit 124, whereby switch 122 is turned on and a sufficiently high voltage is provided at junction 144 placing column switching diode 120 at a strong off state. Further FIG. 11 may be modified by removing compensation switch/diode 122, and replacing it with an element such as PMOS switch 134 of FIG. 10.
A circuit including PMOS switch 134 would function in a substantially similar manner as the circuit with compensation switch/diode 122.
FIG. 12 illustrates an integrated compensation circuit 160, having the operational characteristics described in connection with the circuit of FIG. 9, and as described in the simplified illustration of FIG. 11. Integrated circuit 160 and the following circuits which are to be described, may be produced in accordance with known processes of manufacturing integrated circuits, including wafer production, wafer fabrication, thermal oxidation or deposition, masking, etching, doping, dielectric deposition and metalization, passivation, and testing.
Integrated circuit 160, includes a base 162 of a P-Type substrate 164 and a P-epi material 166. Column switching diode 120 is created by forming within the P-epi material 166, a negative N minus well 168, a P plus diffusion 170, a N plus diffusion contact or pad 172 for connection to a driver circuit 174, and a N plus diffusion contact or pad 176, formed within the N minus well 168, for connection of switching diode 120 to transducer 112.
A compensation diode 122 a, which functions as compensation diode 122 of FIG. 9 is configured at another location of base 162. Compensation diode 122 a is electrically isolated from column diode 120, ensuring an improved off switching for column diode 120 during an unselected time period.
Compensation diode 122 a, is configured with a N minus well 178 formed in P-epi material 166. Within N minus well 178, a P minus diffusion 180 and a transducer P plus diffusion contact or pad 182 are formed. P plus diffusion pad 182 connects P minus diffusion 180 to transducer 112. Integrated semiconductor circuit 160 is further provided with a N plus diffusion contact or pad 184, connecting the N minus well 178 to signal 124.
Through the above configuration, integrated circuit 160 will turn column diode 120 ON and OFF depending on selection signals provided by, for example, a controller. A selection signal turns compensation diode 124 ON when the column in which transducer 112 is located is in an unselected state. The described formation of column diode 120, and compensation diode 122 a results in compensation diode 122 a having a floating ground with respect to column diode 120. Compensation diode 122 a may be considered a floating diode since its ground is not tied to the ground of column diode 120. Compensation diode 122 a, may be built using P-Base, P-Well or P-Field in an N-well. In constructing integrated circuit 160, consideration will need to be paid to the breakdown voltage of the P-Base and P-Field, N-Well biasing relative to the substrate, as well as parasitics and PNP action to the substrate.
FIG. 13 shows an integrated compensation circuit 190 according to the teachings of a second embodiment. Column switch diode 120 is formed on base 162 in the same manner as described in connection with FIG. 12. However, in this embodiment, a compensation diode 122 b is built into a resistive material, such as a thin poly-film 192, whereby compensation diode 122 b is isolated from base 162. On top of thin field oxide film 192 is formed high-voltage diode junction material 194, where a P minus doped poly 196 is diffused adjacent a N minus doped poly 198 to form a PN junction. A P plus doped poly contact or pad 200 is used as a connection contact to transducer 112, and a N plus material is used as a connection contact or pad 202 to RF source 124. Again, since compensation diode 122 b is not connected to the same ground as column diode 120, these two elements are electronically isolated from each other. In construction of compensation diode 122 b, consideration will need to be given to its breakdown voltage, its speed, as well as biasing requirements.
With attention to FIG. 14, shown is a third embodiment of an integrated compensation circuit 204 including column diode 120 and compensation diode 122 c. In this third embodiment, the design of column diode 120 and compensation diode 122 c are the same as described in connection with FIG. 12. However, in this embodiment, the diodes are formed on separate substrates or are formed on the same substrate and the substrate is cut. This physical separation can provide a higher degree of isolation, than which is obtained by manufacturing the diodes on the same substrate. The diodes are then bonded together on a second substrate 206. The bonding of the diodes to the second substrate 206 provides a uniform platform for integration of compensation circuit 204 into an acoustic printhead. It is to be noted that second substrate 206 may be comprised of a variety of materials, including a silicon bonding wafer, with oxide, or any number of insulative materials which will ensure isolation between column diode 120 and compensation diode 122 c.
FIG. 15, shows an integrated compensation circuit 210, wherein column diode 120 and compensation diode 122 d are formed in a manner similar to FIG. 14, as they are either formed on separate substrate or are formed on the same substrate and then physically separated. The separated diodes are then mounted on a second substrate. In this embodiment the second substrate is a flex material 212. The interconnections of RF source 124, transducer 112, and driver 174 are made from circuit 210, via layers 214, 216, and 218, respectively, of flex material 212.
In the preceding embodiments compensation diodes 122 a-d are designed as a diode in a diode, whereby reverse biasing of the N-substrate of compensation diodes 122 a-d act to isolate compensation diodes 122 a-d from column diode 120, while at the same time the inner diode may be used for compensation.
Returning attention to FIG. 10, illustrated is a diagram for a driving circuit employing a column diode 120 and a PMOS device 134, such as a transistor. The integrated semiconductor circuit 220 of FIG. 16 performs the functions of the circuit described in connection with FIG. 10.
FIG. 16 is substantially identical to the design of integrated circuit 160 of FIG. 12. However, in addition to the steps which formed compensation diode 122 a of FIG. 12, added is gate 222 deposited on top of N-material 178. Addition of gate 222, along with P-material 180, connection pad 182 and RF connection pad 184 form PMOS switch 134.
It is to be appreciated that PMOS switch 136 of FIG. 16 may be implemented in place of the diodes 122 a-d of the previously discussed embodiments.
Additionally, as shown more particularly in FIGS. 9 and 10, the design of the compensation switch is accomplished by including capacitors which the compensation switches 122 a-d or PMOS switch 134 will follow.
The present description sets forth various embodiments of forming a high voltage column switching diode and an RF compensation switch. The disclosed designs act to provide current compensation in order to ensure that when a column or row of transducers are not selected in a switching matrix of an acoustic printhead, the unselected transducers are in a strong OFF state.
It is to be noted that the preceding discussion discussed the use of acoustic ink printers for the expulsion of ink droplets. It is, however, to be understood that the concepts of acoustic ink printing may be implemented in other environments other than two-dimensional image reproduction. These include the generation of three-dimensional images by droplet application, the provision of soldering, transmission of medicines, and other fluids.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalence may be resorted to falling within the scope of the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 2, 1987
|May 17, 1988
|Xerox Corporation
|Hot melt ink acoustic printing
|Dec 19, 1986
|Jun 14, 1988
|Xerox Corporation
|Acoustic lens arrays for ink printing
|Oct 28, 1987
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|Jun 2, 1987
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|Oct 3, 1989
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|May 15, 1990
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|Jan 14, 1991
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|Aug 18, 1992
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|Techniques for improving droplet uniformity in acoustic ink printing
|Dec 27, 1991
|Sep 12, 1995
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|Sep 30, 1994
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|Integrated varactor switches for acoustic ink printing
|Sep 13, 1996
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|Mar 5, 1999
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|Printing system with phase shift printing to reduce peak power consumption
|Title not available
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Nov 22, 1999
Owner name: XEROX CORPORATION, CONNECTICUT
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Composition for TERPHYLINEtofylline(10 mg),Terbutaline(2.5 mg)
food interaction for TERPHYLIN
alcohol interaction for TERPHYLIN
pregnancy interaction for TERPHYLIN
lactation interaction for TERPHYLIN
Avoid Terphylin 10mg/2.5mg tablet with caffeine and chocolate as well as food containing caffeine and chocolate such as tea leaves, cocoa beans.
Terphylin 10mg/2.5mg tablet may cause excessive drowsiness and calmness with alcohol.
Terphylin 10mg/2.5mg tablet may be unsafe to use during pregnancy.
Either animal studies have shown adverse effect on fetus and there are no human studies or studies in human and animals are not available. It should be given only if potential benefits justifies risk to the fetus. Please consult your doctor.
Either animal studies have shown adverse effect on fetus and there are no human studies or studies in human and animals are not available. It should be given only if potential benefits justifies risk to the fetus. Please consult your doctor.
Unknown. Human and animal studies are not available. Please consult your doctor.
SALT INFORMATION for TERPHYLINEtofylline(10 mg)
Terbutaline(2.5 mg)
Etofylline is used to prevent and provide relief from constriction of air passages (bronchospasm) that causes shortness of breath in various disorders of the lungs such as asthma, bronchitis and emphysema.
How it works
Etofylline is a derivative of theophylline that belongs to class of medications called xanthines. It works in the airways by relaxing muscles, opening air passages to improve breathing, and decreasing the lungs response to irritants.
Common side effects
Acute toxicity, Altered heart rate, Decreased blood pressure, Nausea, Rash, Stomach upset, Vomiting
Terbutaline is used to treat wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness caused by asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; a group of lung diseases that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema). It may also be used in premature labor.
How it works
Terbutaline belongs to a class of medications called beta agonists. It works by relaxing and opening the airways, making it easier to breathe.
Common side effects
Nausea, Nervousness, Palpitations, Drowsiness, Chest pain, Dizziness, Dry mouth, Shortness of breath, Headache, Increased sweating, Insomnia, Tachycardia, Heart rate irregular, Throat tightness, Tremor, Weakness
SUBSTITUTES for TERPHYLINNo substitutes found
Expert advice for TERPHYLIN
- Inform your doctor if you have any liver problems, thyroid disorders, high blood pressure, history of fits (seizures), or stomach ulcers (peptic ulcers).
- Tell your doctor if you are a smoker or have history of smoking or alcohol consumption.
- Use with caution if you are an elderly patient or have heart problems or hypoxemia (a condition related to very low oxygen levels in blood).
- Contact your doctor immediately if you experience worsening of symptoms of asthma.
- Tell your doctor if you are or planning to become pregnant or are breastfeeding.
- Do not take if allergic to etofylline, other xanthine derivatives or any of its ingredients.
- Do not take if less than six years.
- Do not take if history of heart attack or fits.
- Do no take if suffering from stomach ulcers (peptic ulcers).

subset: commoncrawl


text:
2006's Test Presses and Dub Plates is so much fun you don't realize you're getting schooled on the genre's history — like getting a math lesson while you're playing kickball. This is not hip-hop with a pair of capital H's, and it's not just for those who think rap died in the early '90s. Heads-come-lately who are simply looking for nod-ya-head gangsta goodness will find hooks big enough to drive DJ Premier's ego through. (Premier himself shows up to give the album's intro, in fact.) Eight years in the making, it's Crucial's solo debut, and features underground legend after underground legend.
Venerable Gotham emcee MF Grimm appears on "Gingerbread Man," explaining his addiction to murdering people over a track that sounds like it could emanate from an ice cream truck operated by psychopaths. A little later, Grimm's former collaborator MF Doom lends his gravelly koans to a sample from the Animals'"House of the Rising Sun" on "Ghost Whirl." Joining Doom on the track is Christian Scientist skateboarder (and rabid Star Trek fan) Jonathan Toth from Hoth.
If anyone is a rap uniter, it's Crucial, whose west coast love letter "Life I Chose" — starring L.A.'s hard-hitting MC Eiht — could have been a lost track from The Chronic. In interview, the Compton's Most Wanted emcee recalls how he strode into Crucial's recording studio (fashioned in his closet) and laid down the song in one take. "I just wanted to write a song looking at [Crucial's] vinyl and his respect for DJing and all that," Eiht told AllHipHop.com.
Test Presses also features "Midwest," which came together after Crucial coaxed a then-shy Slug to record a song with him in 1998. The track was one of the Atmosphere luminary's first collaborations, and it's quintessential Slug — back before anybody knew what "quintessential Slug" sounded like. Other stand-out Midwestern emcees on the album include Serengeti and Juice, both of Chicago and the latter known for besting Eminem at Scribble Jam in 1997.
Not a bad eight years'work for Crucial. The album's transitions are so seamless and its beats so delectable, when it's over you will hardly realize that you just listened to something that was good for you.


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Digital Edition
BikeBiz October 2016 – Issue 129 04/10/2016
This month, we've published a roundup of what we saw at Eurobike, and a preview of the now-passed NEC Cycle Show.
Also in this issue:
- Our sector guides outlined the latest in road bikes and their accessories, and bike trailers, car racks, and bike boxes.
- Kieran Howells researched what's new in 2016's products.
- Our mystery shopper made their way to commuter town St. Albans.
- Batribike announced their NEC Cycle Show launch of European-manufactured bikes.
- Carlton Reid headed up to Manchester to investigate how graphene is being used in bikes, and got the scoop on Canyon's ongoing delivery problems.
- Lycra enthusiast Chris McGuire wrote in to sing the praises of Fat Lad at the Back
- And a whole lot more!
Read the new magazine online here.
Please ensure that you are using the most up-to-date version of Adobe Reader.
This download is compatible with Adobe Reader version 7 and all subsequent editions.


text:
The perfect holiday can be made by those little extras that cost almost nothing like a helpful hand with your baggage, soft dressing gowns in your room, breakfast cooked to order, or even a barman with a good memory for your favourite drink. Best Loved is here to make sure those boxes are ticked, letting you escape your home or business for some travel and recreation, safe in the knowledge that your holiday hotel is up to scratch.
Holiday Hotels in Powys
Relaxation, excellent cooking and natural beauty in the Welsh Marches
Milebrook House Hotel
Knighton, Powys
Undoubtedly one of the finest views in Mid Wales
Lake Vyrnwy Hotel & Spa
Llanwddyn, Powys
South of England
Book 2 nights B&B at this elegant Tudor manor house & enjoy complimentary afternoon tea on arrival, with the stunning backdrop of natural Hertfordshire woodland and the London skyline in the distance.


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Speech-Language-Therapy - Caroline Bowen PhD SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGIST
Welcome! Since 1998 www.speech-language-therapy.com has been providing Speech-Language Pathology related information to consumers, professionals and students around the globe. The articles, links and resources here reflect [Caroline's] professional, clinical and research interests, and also the important part that families can play in the assessment and management of communication impairments. Related professional discussion and resources are available on the phonological therapy electronic... More
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5 years ago
Carol Truett (Faculty)
This site is a virtual gold mine of information for both instructors and students of communication disorders. Dr. Bowen provides articles, matierials and links that cover many aspects of speech language pathology. I have used her materials to supplement lecture and supervision of students. The only caution would be that this site is from Austraila and some of the phonological exercises reflect their accent.
Used in course


text:
There is no Hemorrhoids reported by people who take Grapefruit yet. We study 2,148 people who have side effects while taking Grapefruit from FDA and social media. Find out below who they are, when they have Hemorrhoids and more.
On eHealthMe you can find out what patients like me (same gender, age) reported their drugs and conditions on FDA and social media since 1977. Our tools are free and anonymous. 86 million people have used us. 300+ peer-reviewed medical journals have referenced our original studies. Start now >>>
Grapefruit has active ingredients of grapefruit. (latest outcomes from Grapefruit 169 users)
Hemorrhoids (piles) has been reported by people with depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, insomnia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, high blood pressure (latest reports from 113 Hemorrhoids patients).
On Oct, 22, 2016
No report is found.
Attempting to decide whether or not to have the implant removed. It's caused more personal strife than good, and I would like to know if there are any known cases of similar symptoms. Because vein issues are a prominent symtom, hemorrhoids don't seem very far from the mark.
hi!, I've been taking Garcina Cambgia for two days, is it possible to have hemorrhoids so quickly? Do I have a disease? I have to finish with the treatment?.
More questions for: Grapefruit, Hemorrhoids
I had a severe case of intestinal flu in March and believed I was passing bile with my excrement it felt very painful like burning pain at my anus. I subsequently have now had occasional severe burning pain when having infrequent diarrhea or other harder stools. I have been taking PRADAXA since ...
I'm Kat, started taking Gabapentin 300mg 2x daily for Levitor ani pain. About two weeks into the med out of the blue I get an exterior hemirrhoid, super painful. My left leg swells slightly also and I wondered if perhaps it is also causing the exterior anal tissue to swell as well. Any thoughts...
Hi, my name is Mark. I'm 26 years old. For the last 5 years I'v had Hemorrhoids, the condition comes and goes. Some doctors advised me to have surgical removal operation but I refused because in my opinion a surgical intervention is a last option (also I'v heared from people in the familly who ...
I am a Medical Doctor, I have a vasoconstriction when I eat 1/2 grapefruit or more except if I take it with oat meal and or avocado at breakfast for example.
I have been taking 5mg norvasac for over a year and have had to deal with minor hemmoriod flare ups and today had a more severe case. Has anyone else had the same situation. Told my Dr when had minor flare ups but thought nothing of it.
More reviews for: Grapefruit, Hemorrhoids
NOTE: The study is based on active ingredients and brand name. Other drugs that have the same active ingredients (e.g. generic drugs) are NOT considered.
WARNING: Please DO NOT STOP MEDICATIONS without first consulting a physician since doing so could be hazardous to your health.
DISCLAIMER: All material available on eHealthMe.com is for informational purposes only, and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment provided by a qualified healthcare provider. All information is observation-only, and has not been supported by scientific studies or clinical trials unless otherwise stated. Different individuals may respond to medication in different ways. Every effort has been made to ensure that all information is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. The use of the eHealthMe site and its content is at your own risk.
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If you use this eHealthMe study on publication, please acknowledge it with a citation: study title, URL, accessed date.


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"I have forty years experience working with farmers and the public. I bought my father's farm at the age of 19, raising corn, soybean, wheat and tobacco. I worked in small businesses, and today own Heath Building Materials in Mayfield, Kentucky. I know firsthand about the challenges small business owners face, how to listen to what the people's needs are, and how to come up conservative solutions to meet those needs."
— Richard Heath


text: The determination of e by a new oil-drop method in which the electric field is horizontal has been described. The expression for e in terms of quantities measured is similar to that which applies to H. A. Wilson's method. The correction for the departure from Stokes's law is obtained from Millikan's relation e$_{1}^{\frac{2}{3}}$ = e$^{\frac{2}{3}}$ + m/pa, where e$_{1}$ is the uncorrected value of e, p cm. of mercury is the pressure and a cm. the radius of the drop. The oil drops used are larger than those used by previous experimenters, and their velocity of fall and the velocity in the direction of the electric field could be estimated with satisfactory accuracy. Assuming $\eta _{23}$ = 1830 $\times $ 10$^{-7}$ c.g.s. unit, the value of e obtained is (4$\cdot $8020 $\pm $ 0$\cdot $0013) $\times $ 10$^{-10}$ e.s.u. The probable error calculated by the least squares is about one-third of that obtained by Millikan, whose result becomes (4$\cdot $7992 $\pm $ 0$\cdot $0037) $\times $ 10$^{-10}$ e.s.u., when the above value of $\eta _{23}$ is assumed. The errors in the determination of $\eta _{23}$ by the rotating cylinder and the capillary tube method are discussed and the final mean $\eta _{23}$ = (1830$\cdot $06 $\pm $ 2$\cdot $5) $\times $ 10$^{-7}$ c.g.s. unit. is derived. This contributes an error of 1 in 500 in e and is its major uncertainty by the oil-drop method. Recent determinations of the electronic charge by the X-ray method have been analysed. The mean value of e by this method is deduced to be (4$\cdot $8044 $\pm $ 0$\cdot $0007) $\times $ 10$^{-10}$ e.s.u., and this result differs from the mean of the determinations of Millikan and the authors (4$\cdot $8007 $\pm $ 0$\cdot $002) $\times $ 10$^{-10}$ e.s.u., by 0$\cdot $0037 $\times $ 10$^{-10}$ e.s.u., which is less than the error due to the viscosity of air. Assuming the X-ray value of e, the viscosity of air can be deduced and is found to be (1830$\cdot $9 $\pm $ 0$\cdot $5) $\times $ 10$^{-7}$ c.g.s. unit at 23 degrees C.


text:
Jim Achermann, Scott Stillman, The Law Offices of Kenneth Absalom
The NLRA is beginning to be invoked more frequently on behalf of non-union, private sector employees. This program will provide employment lawyers with the basic tools to understand how the NLRA can be used to vindicate the workplace rights of employees. Topics covered will include how the NLRA impacts mandatory arbitration clauses, class action prohibitions, employment handbooks, confidentiality and non-disclosure provisions, and social media in the workplace.


text:
Our Next Workshop:
Friday & Saturday
October 14 & 15, 2016
Hamilton, New Jersey
You'll learn how to:
Take a look at this video example of the Hold Me Tight NJ Workshop.
The Hold Me Tight NJ couples workshop will help you to understand your relationship in a deeper way and give you the tools to break old destructive patterns that arise again and again. You will learn ways to communicate and resolve your differences. You can start to heal from past hurts and restore lost love. You can understand each other's needs and learn how to fulfill them. You can build trust and feel safer and more secure both now and for the future. You can rekindle the spark and feel "in love" again. You can start having fun again and enjoy being playful and affectionate.
Welcome To Hold Me Tight® Workshops NJ.
Do you want to feel closer and more connected to your partner?
Are you tired of arguing? Do you want to start enjoying your relationship again?
Would you like to stop feeling lonely and start feeling safe, secure and loved?
We can help you in our Couples Workshop!
Stay Connected:
Join our mailing list to receive updates and news of upcoming workshops & events.
Register Today for our
upcoming Hold Me Tight Workshop
Friday & Saturday, October 14 & 15, 2016
RWJ Hamilton Center for Health & Wellness
3100 Quakerbridge Road, Mercerville, NJ 08619.
Space is Limited
$649 per couple, $599 early registration
Your Workshop Leaders
Hold Me Tight Workshops NJ is facilitated by Debi Scimeca Diaz, LMFT, LCADC and Dr. Alan Zwerdling, Ph.D., highly trained and experienced marriage therapists, and offers a safe, supportive and fun way to work on your relationship and make things better. No matter the stage of your relationship, married or not, in crisis or not, the Hold Me Tight couples workshop can help you create a more loving bond with your partner. The couples workshop will introduce you to the new science of love, help you understand the logic of emotion and learn how to use it effectively to connect and support each other. Finally, you can stop worrying about the future and start enjoying the present.
All couples are welcome in this couples workshop regardless of marital status, age, faith, race, or sexual orientation.
The Hold Me Tight® NJ Workshop: How It Works
During the Hold Me Tight NJ Workshop you will watch video taped sessions of other couples working on specific relationship issues and communication patterns. If you are like most other couples, you will recognize some of these same patterns in your own relationship, and the emotions that are triggered by those patterns. Debi and Alan will talk about ways to work on those aspects of your relationship, and give you specific tools to help you get past typical obstacles. You will be provided with time to have private conversations with each other about your relationship, and therapists will be available to help you move through those conversations and get past the challenging moments that keep you stuck.
You will view several short videotaped discussions about love and emotional attachment by Dr. Susan Johnson, which will help you better understand the world of emotions and conflicts that arise when partners begin to feel insecure or defensive. You'll be given exercises to practice learning about each other's emotions and underlying needs, and gain greater awareness of how to really listen with an open heart and understand each other in a deeper, more meaningful way. Again, the exercises are private. While there will be opportunities to share with other couples in the workshop, you only do so if you want to. We will always maintain your privacy
At Hold Me Tight Workshops NJ
you will learn and experience how to:
Affirm strengths in your relationship
Address negative interaction patterns
Understand your partner's emotions
Recognize underlying reasons for your conflicts Repair and forgive past hurts
Enhance your emotional and physical closeness
Share and fulfill your emotional needs
Learn how to keep your alive alive
Hold Me Tight® is a registered trademark to Dr. Sue Johnson.


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Mason Civic League, Hoboken resident, to host
Thursday, July 31, 2014 6:41 PM
Inappropriate photo? Alert us.
The Mason Civic League and Hoboken resident Paul Lempa will host an the "All Stars of Baseball Art" at 1200 Washington St., Saturday. The exhibit features artists from around the country and variety of mediums with baseball as a unifying subject. Chase Gaewski | The Jersey Journal
Related articles
- Hoboken's "The All Stars of Baseball Art" illustrates love for America's pastime July 31, 2014, 9:35 PM
- Hoboken art exhibit to celebrate the history and beauty of baseball August 01, 2014, 3:00 AM
- Exhibit by award-winning sport artist at Hoboken gallery September 13, 2016, 7:39 AM


text:
this online forum, my students now have a voice to express their
views about different countries and/or share their overseas travels
with the online community.
First stop is America (this page). Then Saudi Arabia. And so on, all
over the world, in accordance with the
list of countries at the bottom of this page!
Please share your opinions below. It'll be a
pleasure to hear your input. And by all means, be sure to
comment on and rate the other students' comments as well.
Enjoy !!
Do you have an opinion about America? Have you ever traveled there before? Do you have an American friend? Any opinions about the American president? Please share your views about what you like or dislike about America !
Enter the Title of your Story
Close Help
Entering your story is easy to do. Just type!...Your story will appear on a Web page almost exactly the way you enter it here, with just minor editing. You can wrap a word in square brackets to make it appear bold. For example [my story] would show as my story on the Web page containing your story.TIP: Since most people scan Web pages, include your best thoughts in your first paragraph.
Do you have a picture to add? Great! Click the button and find it on your computer. Then select it.
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My impression of Americans Americans always follow the rules, but are warm-hearted at the same time. If you are in a queue, but you have to leave for some reason, someone will help …
Professional Sports Leagues in America I think I am a sports guy. Even though I'm not doing sports stuff every day, I am interested in the sports news every day, like baseball or basketball. …
The birthplace of jazz music I love jazz music. The city of New Orleans in America is the birthplace of jazz music.
Why was jazz music born in America? In the 19th century, there …
Chicken Fried Steak One of my absolute favorite American southern dishes is chicken fried steak. It is a wonderfully delicious meal usually consisting of beef, which is then …
I want to visit America I have never visited America and I have met people who came from America for the first time last month. So I don't know about America very well. All my …
Gospel Music Do you like listening to music? What kind of music do you like....pop, rock, classic, or other?
2 weeks ago, I went to my friend's concert. She is …
The US in my eyes To be honest, I am not sure about whether the impression in my mind is real or distorted.
My impression about the US comes from classes and news. Movies …
American Music I like listening to music and I really like American music. My favorite musicians are the All-American Rejects, Fall Out Boy, Boys like Girls, and so on. …
American society I heard that most American students, especially brilliant students, do not get a job with a famous and big company. They prefer a nameless company, because …
America, The Broadway! Although, I've never been to America, I know a lot of American cultures. Especially, from the Hollywood movies, that is very famous all over the world. …
America From my point of view, America is the best country in the world. Not only the economy but also the politics, America is the most developed country. Every …
America in My Eyes United States is in North America, where I have never been before. I know nobody in the United States, either. U.S. is the most developed country in the …
What I Know of America To be frank, I never had the chance to go to America, and also what I know about America is mainly from 2 ways: the first one is movies or TV series, like …
American laws One of the things America is known for (at least in Estonia) is their funny laws. Most of them have grown out from certain incidents, but without knowing …
Some American People I Know I have never been to America even once in my life up until now. But I have relatives who live there. Indonesian people who study in America and end up …
From the east coast to the west coast I have never been to the USA, although my great-aunt lived in New York. Sadly she passed away a few years ago. She was a painter and sculptor and some …
What I like and think of USA I have not had the opportunity to travel to the United States. But what I know is a country where people have a very accelerated pace of life because they …
First time in USA Ok, the first time I was in America was because of this university study program, in order to have a connection flight. Although my family goes to the …
Man stuffs baby in spinning washer Last May 11th, it happened in a coin laundry in New Jersey. When a babysitter stuffed a one-year-old baby in a spinning washer, suddenly the washer started …
U.S. film industry If you turn on your TV somewhere around the (western) world, you will see many Hollywood movies, TV series, documentaries, and also contest shows that …
Bronze bull statue The bronze bull statue has been one of the most important symbols of American capitalism, and it also attracts many tourists. This bronze bull statue was …
My impression of America-fast food restaurants The first impression of America of mine is McDonald's and KFC, which are the famous fast food restaurants all over the world. I believe American fast food …
Fast Food In my home country, one of the first things that come to mind when you hear about America is fast food. Most of the food we now link to America are originated …
My travel to Disneyland in the USA USA is the birthplace for fairy tales and Disneyland is one of them.
I went to Disneyland in the USA. It is an exaggerated big one. One day is not enough …
Click here to write your own.
America I hardly know America, but it's one of the biggest countries in some points: size, population, influence, etc. Thanks to it, there are a lot of people …
Sports entertainment I love to play sports and my favorite is basketball. It's very famous in America. This country makes sports to be an entertainment, for example in the …
America, the land of stereotypes American media is extremely popular all over the world and since I have not been there yet, it is also what my mind goes to when I think about America. …
American music When I hear America... the first thing that comes into my mind is the Nu Metal band Slipknot. I remember how rock has developed so fast since the …
America The first thing that comes to my mind when I think about America, is the film and entertainment industry. American music is played on basically every local …
My trip to Philadelphia When I was a baby, I was in Philadelphia for two years.
I went there last summer to see the place where I lived. Philadelphia was the first capital …
USA, the land of unlimited possibilities... This is still a famous slogan that comes from a time of a golden age of economy and wealth, where even the poorest man could build up an industrial empire …
My holidays in the U.S.A. America is one of the countries I like. There are many theme parks such as Disney World and Universal Studios, also known in Japan, and it has a lot of …
America—Reflected from US TV Series It is a pity that I have not been to the United States of America so far. Because when I was the age that I can remember things, I have been told that …
American movies vs. Indonesian movies Foreign movies are really popular in Indonesia, especially American movies. Most of the time, Indonesian people that go to cinemas would prefer to watch …
I heard something about America I heard that researchers can get a job easily and they are really welcome in America. Voting for President of America is super famous, even in other countries. …
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text:
So Simple Even a Child Could Understand
The way we were ... It's great to think back on those so-called good ol' days. It's hilarious to consider some of those moments happening while running your small business.
Professional cartoonist Mark Anderson, owner of Andertoons, brings readers a new business cartoon each week. He also adds the "backstory" about how he came up with the creative idea behind the cartoon.
For a selection of cartoons you are free to download for use in blogs, presentations and newsletters, go to our Business Cartoons Gallery.
The way we were ... It's great to think back on those so-called good ol' days. It's hilarious to consider some of those moments happening while running your small business.Jul 29, 2016 104 Shares
Some things definitely have different interpretations and depending on where you're from, it's impossible to understand the metaphor.Jul 22, 2016 155 Shares
A lot of small business owners throw the word 'zoo' around a lot to describe daily operations or even the business on the whole. Eventually, you're going to get dragged to see the water show.Jul 15, 2016 174 Shares
Yes, small business ownership comes with some hard decisions. And there's certainly a time for deep thought and strategic planning. But, as cartoonist Mark Anderson points out, there's also a time to trust your instincts.Jul 8, 2016 176 Shares
How does that new job applicant look on paper? Are there tell tale signs they might not be all they claim? Cartoonist Mark Anderson admits to being a little clueless about the latest trends in curriculum vitae. But he's pretty sure you should watch out for a guy like this!Jul 1, 2016 216 Shares
Sometimes in business, something gets you frustrated to point of no return. At that point, it's hard to say what your reaction will be.Jun 24, 2016 147 Shares
Focus is important in business. And cartoonist Mark Anderson says the cat that recently became a part of his household certainly has that quality. But as Anderson shows in the cartoon above, it's being focused on the right things that really matters.Jun 17, 2016 225 Shares
Some moments in business are not all that memorable or you'd like to quickly forget. But if you happen to witness these moments, best to catalog the memory for the future.Jun 10, 2016 162 Shares
You want details? Go read a book. Want a bunch of superlatives and hyperbole? Judge the book by its cover.Jun 3, 2016 177 Shares
Being in business for a long time doesn't necessarily mean it's been all sunshine. There's been tough times, certainly, but you don't have to let them know that.May 27, 2016 272 Shares
The benefits of white space are great for design but applying this sense to your business charts may not be much to discuss.May 20, 2016 214 Shares
Sometimes for small business owners, it just never seems like success is in the cards.May 13, 2016 192 Shares
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text:
Sorry, this item sold. Have ohwhatfunatl make something just for you, or try these other items:
Rhinestone Cabocons- these cabochons are so much fun! They will add lots of sparkle to your projects. Bobby pins with these would be fab! These have flat backs with a foil like backing.
Qty: 6
Colors: Pink
Size: 24mm
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Rhinestone Cabochon / 6 pcs Pink Round 24mm Rhinestone Cabochon
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Charlize Theron Is Hot On British GQ Magazine
Charlize Theron is stunning on the cover of GQ Magazine and of course and inside the magazine she is pretty hot too.
In the interview she gave for the publication she talks about being a celebrity and what celebrities do to be in the spot light. She seems to be the one that doesn't enjoy life as a famous person and she tries to keep her private life really private.
Stay connected with Superficialdiva.com and follow us on Facebook for even more magazine covers.


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Compare Litigation attorneys near you. Read reviews, see Avvo Ratings, and contact them directly.
5.0 stars 1 review
Avvo Rating: 6.5
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5.0 stars 1 review
Avvo Rating: 6.2
Jesse's practice focuses on a variety of complex legal issues ranging from litigating commercial claims in federal court on behalf of a defense contractor operating in Europe, Asia, West Africa, and the Black Sea Region, to Crowdfunding, Food Truc...
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Not yet reviewed
Avvo Rating: 6.9
Zachary E. Nahass focuses his legal practice in the areas of business, labor and employment law, civil litigation, and school law with an emphasis on special education. He prides himself on his ability to hear his clients' concerns and seeks to t...
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Commodity Currents: Turn Around Tuesday. 0 commentsApr 3, 2012 8:44 PM
Sure enough Tuesday lives up to its reputation as most markets usually reverse their Monday directions with some notable exceptions. Stocks floated lower but 1400 held in the S&P500 nothing really new here unless we get a close with conviction under 1195 but with few upside catalysts either. Key reversals in Treasuries with 10Yr sharply lower as 130-00 proved to be formidable resistance with prices under 129-08 and looking for 128-00 with 30Yr heading for 135-00 unable to close over 139-00. Key reversal in the Dollar taking it to 79.66 in a blink of an eye and should it build on these gains with a close over 79.84 can result in a challenge of 80.20 pressuring the crosses with reversals in the Aussie dropping more then 1 cent cents to 1.0226, Yen dropping under 1.2083 but buyers have been supportive at 1.200 to 1.2100 and the Euro falling unable to move beyond 1.3400 now threatening 1.3223 with a failure can result in a drop to 1.2122. Metals melted with Gold falling after unable to move over 1681 back to 1640 and a close under that could result in a trade to 1600 with Sliver reversing lower rejected from 33.235 but has more support under it around 32.10 and Copper failed at 3.9500 and has support at lower levels as well namely 3.8500 to pull back too before risking the up move. Crude slipped unable to get a close over 105.25 looking more top heavy and prices still can probe to 101.00 perhaps lower if 104.25 and 102.86 do not support. Natural gas advanced on more short covering but has its upside work cut out for it with a long list of resistance levels to overcome starting with 2.250 providing nimble traders an excellent short entry. In the grains, more of the same with Corn advanced touching its 200day average at 664 before pulling back with near term support at 646, Wheat was more subdued holding 650 to end fractionally higher while an inside day in Soybeans after recent gains but well over its near term support of 1360. Coffee looks like its putting in a base here and could start a push higher as long as it stays north of 183.00 which held on a test, Sugar continues lower taking out more support with a close under 24.20 with the path of least resistance lower to 24.00, Orange Juice bounced at 160.00 for now but a failure here means 150.00 and Cotton put in a higher high and lower low relative to yesterday a clue of a pending trend change as long as it stays over 92.00 with 95.00 next upside objective.Back To Chris Bersaw's Instablog HomePage »
Instablogs are blogs which are instantly set up and networked within the Seeking Alpha community. Instablog posts are not selected, edited or screened by Seeking Alpha editors, in contrast to contributors' articles.Full index of posts »


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GRETSCH G6120TM NASHVILLE Tiger-Maple/Orange Stain, ser# JT03118132
Full Hollow Body (2.5 DEEP), 16 inch wide body, Tiger Maple Top, Tiger Maple Back and Sides, Rockmaple Neck, Ebody Fingerboard, 22 Frets with Thumbnail Markers, Two Filtertron Pickups, Adustomatic-Bridge, Bigsby Vibrato Tailpiece, Grover Rotomatic Tuners, Gold Hardware, Orange Stain Finish.
The instrument is NEW from our DISCONTINUED STOCK.
Complete with original HARD SHELL Case
|Brand New
|Orange Stain
|Original Hard
Payments are accepted via PayPal.
We will ship within 1 business day of receiving payment with 2-6 business days estimated delivery time via UPS Ground. A tracking number will always be provided. Some items are only available as store pickup. We are currently only selling and shipping in the CONTINENTAL U.S.A.
Returns are accepted within 3 days after delivery and the buyer is responsible for return shipping cost unless listed otherwise under the item description. Some items will require a restocking fee up to 15%


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22 years of experience
7155 Jahnke Rd
Richmond, VA 23225 Phone number & directions
A medical license is required for a doctor to practice medicine in a particular state. Requirements vary by state but most require, at a minimum, post-graduate training in the doctor's specific specialty. An NPI number is a national identifier unique to an individual health care provider and is managed by the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).
Learn more about Dr. Muna Fahmi:
View the full profile to get information on:
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Prepare before visiting Dr. Fahmi
Urge Incontinence Patient Education Urinary incontinence patient education guide covers all aspects concerning overactive bladder diagnosis and treatment options.Before Visiting Dr. Fahmi Learn More
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Dr. Muna Fahmi, MD is board certified in Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine.
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Education & Awards
Dr. Fahmi graduated from University of Mustansiriah, Med Col, Baghdad.
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- Henrico Doctors' Hospital
- Arabic
- English
Similar doctors nearby
Dr. Hitesh Patel
Dr. Gerard Weeden
Dr. Sami Haq
Dr. Thomas Pearsall
Dr. Mathew Chacko
Dr. Srinivasa Bokkisam
- Additional Information
- Dr. Muna Fahmi MD is a female Internist, has 22 years of experience and practices in Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine.
- Where does Dr. Muna Fahmi practice?
- Dr. Muna Fahmi has 1 office location.
Dr. Muna Fahmi practices Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine near Richmond, VA.
See Richmond Internists and Richmond Geriatric Doctors.


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Got a version of Excel that uses the menu interface (Excel 97, Excel 2000, Excel 2002, or Excel 2003)? This site is for you! If you use a later version of Excel, visit our ExcelTips site focusing on the ribbon interface.
With more than 50 non-fiction books and numerous magazine articles to his credit, Allen Wyatt is an internationally recognized author. He is president of Sharon Parq Associates, a computer and publishing services company.
Learn more about Allen...
ExcelTips FAQ
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Please Note: This article is written for users of the following Microsoft Excel versions: 97, 2000, 2002, and 2003. If you are using a later version (Excel 2007 or later), this tip may not work for you. For a version of this tip written specifically for later versions of Excel, click here: Moving Comment Background Pictures to Cells.
Francois has a bunch of comments in a worksheet, and each comment contains a picture as a background. He would like to remove those background pictures from the comments and place them, instead, as graphics in the cells just to the right of where the comments are located.
The only way to do this is with the aid of a macro. The reason is that you cannot manually select and copy any graphic that has been stored in the background of a comment. You can, in a macro, approximate "grabbing" the image:
Sub CommentPictures() Dim cmt As Comment Dim rCell As Range Dim bVisible As Boolean For Each cmt In ActiveSheet.Comments With cmt bVisible = .Visible .Visible = True Set rCell = .Parent.Offset(0, 1) .Shape.CopyPicture _ Appearance:=xlScreen, Format:=xlPicture rCell.PasteSpecial Selection.ShapeRange.LockAspectRatio = msoFalse Selection.Width = rCell.Width Selection.Height = rCell.Height .Visible = bVisible .Shape.Fill.OneColorGradient msoGradientFromCenter, 1, 1 End With Next cmt End Sub
The macro steps through each comment in the active worksheet. The entire comment (including the background) is copied as a graphic to the Clipboard, then it is pasted into the desired cell. The background of the comment is then set to a different fill instead of the graphic.
You should note that this approach provides only an approximation of grabbing the background picture. It also, in copying the entire comment as a graphic, copies any text that is contained in the comment.
ExcelTips is your source for cost-effective Microsoft Excel training. This tip (11164) applies to Microsoft Excel 97, 2000, 2002, and 2003. You can find a version of this tip for the ribbon interface of Excel (Excel 2007 and later) here: Moving Comment Background Pictures to Cells.
Related Tips:
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Sunday, October 23, 2016
'Pio Rocks!' Takes the Stage AT MIPJunior
Rai Com — the commercial arm of Italian pubcaster Rai — alongside Planeta Junior, DQ Entertainment and Gruppo Alcuni presented a special event at MIPJunior on Sunday in ... Continue Reading →
TeamTO Launches 'Angelo Skate Away' for Mobile
French CG studio TeamTO announces the launch of Angelo Skate Away, its second mobile game based on its international hit series Angelo Rules. The first Angelo-inspired game, A Busy ... Continue Reading →
TeamTO Suits Up for 'PJ Masks' & 'Skylanders' Seasons
French CG studio TeamTO has been confirmed it will be back in the production saddle for the second seasons of two high-profile animated series: Activision's Skylanders Academy, ... Continue Reading →
TeamTO Opens Beijing Office
Paris-based CGI studio TeamTO (Angelo Rules, PJ Masks) announces the opening of a new office in Beijing, China, headed by experienced film industry executive Shu Ye. The establishment ... Continue Reading →
Super RTL Takes on Teutonic L&M for 'Angelo Rules'
Super RTL's Consumer Products department has inked a deal with kids entertainment company CAKE and French animation studio TeamTO for the German-speaking territories licensing ... Continue Reading →
'My Knight and Me' to Launch at MIPTV
Kids entertainment company CAKE together with French CG animation studio TeamTO and Belgian creative house Thuristar have announced that their new animated series My Knight and Me (52 ... Continue Reading →
TeamTO Taps Lead Creatives for Girl-Power Toon 'Jade Armor'
French studio TeamTO has appointed director Chloe Miller and head writer Rebecca Hobbs to its new "girl-power" animated series Jade Armor, after switching out the original concept's ... Continue Reading →
Patricia de Wilde Named Director of Marketing for TeamTO
Paris-based studio TeamTO has promoted consultant Patricia de Wilde to the permanent position of Director of Marketing and New Business for the entire TeamTO group. The appointment ... Continue Reading →
Third 'Angelo Rules' Season Launching at MIP
London-based CAKE and French CG studio TeamTO have announced that the third season of animated kids' comedy Angelo Rules will be debuting at MIPCOM. Co-produced by CAKE and TeamTO ... Continue Reading →
Orders Set for 'Toonmart Marty,' 'Wakfu,' 'Angelo Rules'
Montreal-based Sardine Productions has signed a deal with Teletoon to produce 40 11-minute episodes of the original series Toonmart Marty. Created by Robin Balzano, Pascale Beaulieu, ... Continue Reading →


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How to Prosper in the Crash Following the Greatest Boom in HistoryThe first and last economic depression that you will experience in your lifetime is just ahead. The year 2009 will be the beginning of the next long-term winter season and the initial end of prosperity in almost every market, ushering in a downturn like most of us have not experienced before. Are you aware that we have seen long-term peaks in our stock market and economy very close to every 40
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29 Secrets to Buy Real Estate Without Banks!This 19 page Special Report is a simple, down to earth, explanation of well-guarded, proven, buying secrets from an expert investor who has purchased hundreds of properties. Never has he gone to a bank to buy any of them. Simple, practical, methods you can use on any kind of real estate. Plus two free gifts. You get his amazing "Follow Up System" and his marketing machine how to drive motivated


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Modern warfare- a 70 million dollar jet drops a 350 thousand dollar bomb on a 10 dollar tent. But using drones is wrong.<quoted text>
Typical liberal. The solution to our financial problems is to weaken our defense and strengthen our Cradle to Grave nanny state.
The USA should invade the USA and win the hearts and minds of the population by building roads, bridges, schools, new power plants, etc, etc, etc and putting the locals back to work.
The world spent $1,735 billion on war in 2012, it would take approximately $135 billion to totally eradicate poverty.


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We at North Broward Preparatory School believe there is no better place to build your hockey skills than with our prep school hockey program. We know young hockey players face difficult choices in choosing a program that fits their unique talents and abilities as a student athlete. We hope this website answers some of your questions and you will in turn schedule an on campus visit with the Hockey coaching staff. Our coaching staff has traveled the road that you as an aspiring student hockey player are trying to navigate. North Broward Preparatory School will offer top notch Coaching and Facilities as well as a Highly Competitive Academic Program. North Broward Preparatory School is an international community committed to accelerating each student's academic achievement and personal growth. North Broward Preparatory School promotes in its students: critical thinking skills, opportunities for the discovery of interests, and civic responsibility to our community. Our challenging, yet nurturing environment, prepares our student athletes to excel in their top choice Colleges and Universities.
North Broward Preparatory School is known as a premier educational institution by: • Accelerating academic achievement and personal student growth in a nurturing and supportive learning environment focused on the development of Critical Thinking Skills. • Retaining, training and recruiting teachers who excel at delivering personalized instruction and academic results. • Preparing graduates to excel in their top choice colleges and universities and in their chosen professions. • Providing life-changing opportunities in Fine Arts, Athletics, and Community Service.


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06/10/2016For the first time - researchers revealed a connection between anxiety and metabolic disorders at the molecular level; the discovery opens new possibilities for detecting and treating both symptoms.
28/09/2016Endurance training changes the activity of thousands of genes and give rise to a multitude of altered DNA-copies, RNA, researchers from Karolinska Institutet report. The study, which also nuances the concept of muscle memory, is published in the journal PLOS Genetics.
12/08/2016Should we be warning consumers about over-consumption of meat as well as sugar? That's the question being raised by a team of researchers from the University of Adelaide, who say meat in the modern diet offers surplus energy, and is contributing to the prevalence of global obesity.


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J-Lo's first in four years, and features two songs written or produced by Jennifer and Mark are set to scout talent for the show this summer. She said of the new project: "This is a show for the 21st century with an unprecedented global and local story. The Latin culture is a tapestry that is rich in passion, tradition and artistry.
"We are going to places where all of this talent lives and wouldn't have otherwise been discovered," she added.
What do you think of Jennifer's gold onesie? Does the 41-year-old pull it off? Let us know below...
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