text:
small breast support group - (I need it even if they don't)
Oct 21 2009, 05:28 PM
Post #1821
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 134
I have the same problem, enfermera. The only bras in the women's section that may have a chance of fitting me are chock-full of padding. I've also had my fair share of the "GOD you're so skinny" "OMG do you eat?" Another thing that bothers me is that the people saying it will actually touch my body. Like my wrists, or my waist. Or they'll poke my arm. I don't know how to take the comments. Some people do mean well, and they think that it's what everybody wants to hear. It's hard to figure out what to say. I think if you're really close to them, you could say that it can be difficult to hear about your size. I also hate chocolate (it makes me really thirsty) but some coworkers think I hate it because I'll make me gain weight. Meh.
I looked up Sasha online and I was hoping she'd be closer to my size. Still, anybody who says 'natural is best' has my vote.
Oct 21 2009, 02:14 PM
Post #1822
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 158
From: sweet, sweet virginia
i just thought i'd commiserate a bit about the difficulty of finding well-fitting bras. target (i know, target, but it's where i was) probably has a 32A in one out of maybe five styles, and only two total in the styles that come in pretty colors and patterns. one of those had a fist sized wad of padding, and the other didn't fit--weird underwires that poked into my sternum, and cups that gapped. i know it's melodramatic, but i usually end up feeling discriminated against after bra shopping. i can find a few pretty designs in small sizes online, but i'm so hesitant to buy one without trying it on!
i get occasional comments at work (presented somewhat lightheartedly) about how "disgusting" it is that i'm so thin. disgusting! i can't imagine another physical aspect that people would use that word to describe when they're just teasing. but what i get much more frequently is comments about what i'm eating. for whatever reason, i tend to be self-couscious about my food choices. i eat a lot, i often try to eat relatively healthy but i like junk food as much as the next person. but it seems like no matter WHAT i eat, someone wants to comment on it--either about how i eat so healthy and how "good" i am, or about how they can't BELIEVE i would eat that--i NEVER eat junk food. i can't ever figure out what kind of response they are expecting to these comments, but it makes me want to snap or be sarcastic.
Oct 21 2009, 10:12 AM
Post #1823
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 294
Hmmm Sasha Grey has much bigger boobies than me, so if you've got her body I say rock on! I think she looks totally hot I would love to look like that!
As far as people commenting on weight goes, it's like people do think its ok to say whatever they want to you if your body type is on the small side. I wouldn't dare say the things to people that they have said to me- about my breasts or just about me being smaller than 99.9% of the population in general. Even now in my mid-twenties people will ALWAYS comment something about my size, ALWAYS. I guess I've gotten used to being the smallest girl everywhere, but it kills me to think that if people hadn't commented so negatively on my body in my younger years than maybe my self-esteem would not be complete crap. It just really angers me that maybe all that pain could have been prevented if people had just kept their mouths shut. I remember being in school and being so happy, never thinking anything was wrong with my appearance, until people began making comments about how I must have an eating disorder or how I must have to buy bras at the baby gap (that comment was from someone when i was in college mind you).
Karategrrl I really love what your friend's daughter said, so much insight for someone so young, she is absolutely right!
Oct 21 2009, 08:45 AM
Post #1824
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 714
spot on, loved your comments, esp. about responses to getting implants! Might I add one to the list:
(Most effective if said very matter-of-factly) "Yes, a few thousand dollars can buy me big, fake boobs, but all the money in the world can't make you NOT an asshole." I haven't actually used this but would love to. Please, anyone, feel free to try it out and let us know how it works!
"I think we as a people need to start being nicer to each other, nicer to ourselves too. Maybe then we wouldn't need small breast support groups, or have eating disorders, or as many suicides.."
Well said, sistah, well said. The fact that people think it's OK to bring up thinness/fatness when it's not okay to do so about race/big noses, etc. is something I find constantly intriguing. In the end, people who say such crap are really indirectly making a much bigger statement about dissatisfaction with themselves. My friend's 7-year-old daughter put it perfectly: "When you point your finger at someone else, you're really pointing 3 at yourself."
Haven't heard of Sasha Grey but now I'm intrigued. Will look her up.
Oct 21 2009, 08:28 AM
Post #1825
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 330
From: California
Spot-on - I know what you mean about eating. It's a little embarrassing but I eat quite a lot more than my bf who is a big strapping guy, and my ex-husband who is an average size guy and a triathlete. I have a high metabolism and I love exercise and run at least 3 miles daily. I don't eat junk but I eat a lot of good healthy food. You do have to feed the machine! I think people who consider themselves "fat" sometimes look at people like us and assume we are lean due to self-denial and "discipline", and then further assume that we look down on them as lacking discipline. I don't judge others that way EVER but I think that sometimes people lash out at thinner people because they assume we do.
Totally agree! I eat a lot, probably more than my DH and he's almost twice my weight. But like you it's all good healthy food, I just feel better for it. If I eat poorly I feel sluggish and with my job I can't afford that. The thing is if you eat good food your metabolism increases so for people like us it's a continuous healthy cycle. I have hereditary health issues so I am determined to live as healthy as possible for as long as possible.
Oct 21 2009, 08:18 AM
Post #1826
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 330
From: California
strongirl, haven't seen any films with her in and hadn't heard of her, but just did a google search and yep she has my body too. Good for her for not getting implants, but from what I can tell implants are no longer pushed on porn 'actresses' anymore as men want natural. There are supposedly a few small chested porn stars refusing implants, and they are quite successful. Though their definition of small and mine seem to differ. I like that a smallie is successful in a sex industry but I like actresses like Olivia Wilde better. She was smokin in a film we watched a couple of weeks ago.
Oct 20 2009, 08:12 PM
Post #1827
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 295
OK, so here's a weird question:
I know most of you dislike porn (and I dislike most of it) but there's this porn actress, Sasha Grey, and based on what little I know of her, she's intriguing. She's one of the most successful porn stars of the past few years and I can't quite figure out what to make of her - she does extreme hardcore stuff but she's very articulate and bright, considers herself a feminist, and refuses to get implants. My bf and I watched a mainstream film starring her, "The Girlfriend Experience", and he thinks her body looks like mine (of course, when I see her I don't see flaws but when I look in the mirror I do) but he's right that we're about the same size and figure type. She's not a Pam Anderson or Kim Kardashian, that's for sure! I haven't seen any of her porn and know very little about her, other than I watched some inflammatory and un-informative YouTube stuff from when she was on the Tyra Banks show.
Are any of you aware of her and what are your thoughts? I'm just intrigued by a successful porn star who's built like me, refuses to get implants, and calls herself a feminist. But before I call myself a fan, I want to know more, skeptic that I am.
Oct 20 2009, 08:02 PM
Post #1828
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 295
Y'all are so cool. The real reason I hang out in here at this point has nothing to do with breasts...it's just that it's rare to find people with such refreshing, intelligent, and insightful things to say, on any topic.
Karategrrl - I fell out laughing over the image of you whipping that chick with your tights!
Angie - "this is my body, it's out there, and if people can't handle it, they don't have to look." Totally!
Aithinne - "I think we as a people need to start being nicer to each other, nicer to ourselves too. Maybe then we wouldn't need small breast support groups, or have eating disorders, or as many suicides.." I think what you are talking about is simple kindness. And I enthusiastically agree with you!
Spot-on - I know what you mean about eating. It's a little embarrassing but I eat quite a lot more than my bf who is a big strapping guy, and my ex-husband who is an average size guy and a triathlete. I have a high metabolism and I love exercise and run at least 3 miles daily. I don't eat junk but I eat a lot of good healthy food. You do have to feed the machine! I think people who consider themselves "fat" sometimes look at people like us and assume we are lean due to self-denial and "discipline", and then further assume that we look down on them as lacking discipline. I don't judge others that way EVER but I think that sometimes people lash out at thinner people because they assume we do.
And I loved your mock conversation re. boobs - we should all try to memorize those lines for emergencies when we're caught in unexpected conversations with "idiots".
Oct 20 2009, 03:12 PM
Post #1829
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 330
From: California
Well one of our friends is starting an exercise program and asked me for advice, asked me specifically what I ate daily and he was shocked that I ate so much. Many people assume I hardly eat anything when in fact the reverse is true. I eat 5x a day too! I'm muscular and athletic rather than naturally thin (though I was naturally thin till I hit my mid 20's). People don't realize you gotta feed the machine
Aithinne, in my world (health/fitness) there is the fat word. BUT you can be skinny/thin and be fat. That is the difference in the fitness realm. Fat to us is a word that solely relates to body composition. You can be 200+ lbs but muscular and lean with low body fat. Conversly you can be 120lbs and low muscle mass and high fat %. I agree though telling people randomly that they are fat is so rude, and how many image disorders and begin. IMO I think people tell these comments to make themselves feel better. Like bullies pick on people so they feel better. The same applies. Like "oh my problems aren't that bad, look how fat (etc) she is". As a personal trainer, I would NEVER tell anyone they are fat/need to workout unless they specifically asked me for advice. I guess for some though it's also a health issue. I will say that I nag my DH about his fat as it's a health issue and worries me. He has already had heart issues so it's something he needs to keep in check.
My usual conversation to the small bust commenters:
I have small boobs? Really? I hadn't noticed, especially since I've seen them every day for the last 37 years, buy bra's for them and shove them in and out of clothing 2-3 times a day! Here was me thinking I had DD's? Well thanks for sorting that one out for me!
No, I don't want a boob job.
No it's not a money issue, I could buy myself a nice big pair should I ever feel the need. However I am happy with my boobs 98% of the time, and my DH is happy with them whenever I let him play with them.
The other 2% of the time? Well that's when I have to talk to idiots like you...
On a side note, yesterday I had on a 34A bra and it seemed loose in the cup. Today I have on a 34B and it fits just fine. More proof that you need a variety of sizes depending on TOM.
Oct 19 2009, 09:11 PM
Post #1830
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 211
From: USA
I just flat out don't understand how people think it's okay to talk about anyone's weight... talk about rude. I mean, unless you know the person well, how do you know what their food intake is like, or how much they exercise, etc etc. It's like people don't have any manners anymore.
I've never EVER told anyone they were fat, because I simply do not believe in the word. 99% of the people I know are an average, healthy weight (whether that's a size 2 or 20) and are beautiful in their own unique ways. So I just don't understand the whole "let's tell people they're fat/skinny/busty/small-breasted/whatever"... As if telling them will help them for whatever reason in any way. I just don't understand why people SAY it.
I think we as a people need to start being nicer to each other, nicer to ourselves too. Maybe then we wouldn't need small breast support groups, or have eating disorders, or as many suicides..
Oct 19 2009, 08:08 PM
Post #1831
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 662
From: Alberta
I've never ever heard of wearing tights under pants to look thinner. And I'm not "naturally thin." I just figure, this is my body, it's out there, and if people can't handle it, they don't have to look.
Oct 19 2009, 01:04 PM
Post #1832
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 714
It kind of reminds me how everyone seems to think people who are naturally thin are only that way because they have an eating disorder.
Yeah, I have come up against this more times than I care to recall. Pisses me off totally--waitresses smirking when I order a diet soda, coworkers going through my lunch to see what I eat. And these were ADULTS!
I should have specified that the girl did think I was thin but assumed I was the one thinking I was fat because--sheesh--why else would I wear tights???? Amazing the sweeping and numerous assumptions people make. I actually had the self-control to just smile and say it was to keep me warm. She got off lucky. Shoulda whipped off my tights and whipped her with them.
Oct 19 2009, 11:27 AM
Post #1833
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 211
From: USA
Haha, I used to wear my pj pants under my jeans to class in college during the winter months (until I got some long johns). But that outfit actually made my legs look bigger due to the extra volume. I actually liked how I looked, definitely looked more volumptuous, but it still didn't make up for the weird elastic band peeking over the edge of the jeans... lol.
Karategrrl, I think it's weird that that girl assumed you wanted to hold in your 'fat'. It kind of reminds me how everyone seems to think people who are naturally thin are only that way because they have an eating disorder. Maybe they assume that everyone on the planet thinks they're fat? I wonder when people's perception of a 'normal' size actually falls in the range of a normal size and that 'normal' healthy sizes encompass a large spectrum? Strange... I'd almost like to pick that girl's brain to see how she arrived at that conclusion, and what assumptions she makes of women in general.
Oct 19 2009, 08:03 AM
Post #1834
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 714
turns out she was envious of my boobs! lol! Grass is always greener!
Oh yeah. I had a similar experience when I met a friend of mine. I envied her voluptuous-ness and when I confessed this, she said she envied my leanness.
nbdx0645, I hear ya on the cattiness. Back in college, a girl was giving me crap for wearing tights under my pants (she saw them peeking out when I sat down). I wore them for warmth and she assumed it was to hold in my "fat." Sheeesh. Stupidity.
Oct 17 2009, 09:40 PM
Post #1835
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 662
From: Alberta
Wow, so much always happens here when I'm away for a week!
Spot-on, when it comes to bras, I find I just try on a couple sizes until one fits best. It sounds like you're a 32, but the thing is bras are made so cheaply that even within the same brand you might not be the same size in every style.
I used to be on a small-busted forum about 5 or 6 years ago that was like that nbdx. I think part of the problem was that the forum was for girls who were attempting various herbal treatments to try to make their boobs bigger. There was a lot of insecurity on that board, total single-minded obsession with breasts, and the complete inability to accept not being able to match some concept of "ideal" breasts. It was really sad. When I joined I was in a similar state of mind, but after a while it just got boring, I mean, how long can you post sad things about your boobs all day? I vowed never to fall into that trap ever again.
Last year I started wall climbing and definitely found that with my lined sports bra, the damn boobs got in the way. there definitely were not a lot of large-chested girls on those walls. I think partly because you do have to be either very tiny or very muscular to do the sport, and generally girls who weigh less will also have smaller boobs, on average. Referring to spot-on's comment, though, I wouldn't call myself and active person or even all that adventurous, even though I enjoy doing active and adventurous things, I only manage to fit it into the rest of my lifestyle about 0.5% of the time. I try to do it more often, and wall-climbing was one of my baby-steps in the adventurous direction. All the bike talk is really getting my interest, though!
Going back to the personal interests derailment... My interests are more along the lines of archaeology and anthropology research (always first, whether I want it to be or not!), cooking, lingere, hiking, blues music, my cat, science fiction, atheism, film, sex, women's rights, beer, more music, more research, and when I can, being outdoors. Unfortunately a lot of my time gets taken up doing laundry, getting the bills paid, and juggling family events... and I don't even have kids!
Oct 17 2009, 05:57 PM
Post #1836
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 134
Sounds like some cool conversation has been going on over the last week (I haven't been able to get online much, I'm a foster parent for a sick stray cat at the moment.) It's nice to hear some of your tooting your horn a bit =) it's great to hear that there's so much awesome on this forum. I joined another small-busted forum a year ago, but it turned out to be an exclusive pity-party where women lashed out against other men...and women, too. The AAA's resented the AA's, and if an A or B-cup talked about their story, they were insta-flamed. It was alarming to see women turn other women away. Even my story got brushed off quickly.
When I was in volleyball, I was very glad I didn't have to wear the double-sports bra. I loaned my sports bra out to other girls and I'd wear my regular bra for the practice. They called me 'paper doll' as a joke (when I turned sideways I would disappear) and at first it hurt, but I channeled the anger into sport performance. I had a bunch of negativity about my body thrown my way, and I've had a handful of women say in my lifetime "Yaaay, I'm finally not the flattest person in the room! Wa-hoo!" As strange as it sounds, I was happy that they could experience that feeling.
I always felt bad when I heard that I made other girls on the team feel bad because I looked better in the spandex. Some were convinced that I wore pantyhose. Again, it's that two-way street. I also don't want to make others feel bad about their bodies, and I'm sure you're all behind me on that. Honestly, you better be. Being the benchmark is painful, too. Everybody has an internal battle that we know nothing about.
Oct 17 2009, 10:04 AM
Post #1837
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 330
From: California
I agree with Allison, I'm small at 120lbs but I'm also lean and have lots of muscle mass. We lighter girls can turn on a dime and get away faster. Haven't skated for ages, maybe time to dust off the boots and go do a few laps
Oct 17 2009, 08:14 AM
Post #1838
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 130
Thanks for the compliment, Buttercup, but I'm sure I'm no more or less awesome than anyone else in here. I've always been very physical and athletic and prefer being outdoors to indoors, so that's just led to doing a lot of fun stuff. I do think having small breasts and a slim, athletic body makes it easier to do certain things. Just rock climbing with my bf, it's apparent how much easier it is to haul my 110 pounds up the rock than his brawney 175. Then again when I tried roller derby, I was well aware that those 160 lb girls with 40DD knockers could smash the crap outta little me - it was a big motivator to skate fast! So there's always gonna be pro's and con's to everything (Spot-On's point below) and the main thing is find what you enjoy and do it, regardless of whether it matches your body type stereotype, or whether you have the "balls" - just do it and have fun!
I have seen many smaller, skinnier girls who are much quicker and tougher than their bigger and bustier counterparts. You probably would fare better than you think.
Roller derby, that is so cool. I wouldn't be able to do that, you have guts ! All I can do is skate, there is not enough of little Allie to knock anyone down !
Oct 16 2009, 05:50 PM
Post #1839
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 295
Thanks for the compliment, Buttercup, but I'm sure I'm no more or less awesome than anyone else in here. I've always been very physical and athletic and prefer being outdoors to indoors, so that's just led to doing a lot of fun stuff. I do think having small breasts and a slim, athletic body makes it easier to do certain things. Just rock climbing with my bf, it's apparent how much easier it is to haul my 110 pounds up the rock than his brawney 175. Then again when I tried roller derby, I was well aware that those 160 lb girls with 40DD knockers could smash the crap outta little me - it was a big motivator to skate fast! So there's always gonna be pro's and con's to everything (Spot-On's point below) and the main thing is find what you enjoy and do it, regardless of whether it matches your body type stereotype, or whether you have the "balls" - just do it and have fun!
Oct 16 2009, 12:46 PM
Post #1840
Hardcore BUSTie
Posts: 330
From: California
I remember instructing aerobics classes at one club and being very envious of another instructor and her assets. She was heavier than me, but the boobs were 'perfect', probably a D cup. Anyway long story short I saw her instructing a class once, two sports bra's on and they were still "unruly". I had never been so glad in my life for small boobs than at that moment. Knowing that I was instructing 20+ classes a week as it was, then having to potentially have 'bounce issues', eek. Anyway all of us instructors talking one day someone made a comment about boobs and I told my story, turns out she was envious of my boobs! lol! Grass is always greener!
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By Liz Dudley/Staff Writer
The borough of Blain has a codes enforcement officer now.
Thomas Bell of Jackson Twp. was council's choice as members reviewed three applications for the newly created position. Bell will serve both Blain and Jackson Twp.
He is retired from the police force in Susquehanna Twp., Dauphin County, where he served 29 years, the last 11 as chief. He also worked with the Municipal Police Officer Education Training committee, an organization that educates local police officers.
A part-time teaching position at Harrisburg Area Community College also is on his resume. Those experiences should be a great help as he attempts to get residents to abide by municipal codes.
When he first retired from the police force, Bell attended a Bible school for a year. He and his wife then took their religion on the road and spent five years as volunteer evangelists with Word of Life Fellowship Inc., a nondenominational, independent, fundamental organization.
He said he gets bored with nothing to do, so now he is working as branch manager for Crystal Pools Inc., out of the Mechanicsburg store on the Carlisle Pike.
All of the things he's done have one common denominator — people. "I'm a people person," he said.
Bell plans to be proactive rather than reactive as a codes enforcement officer. "I hope it's something that won't be policing but more encouraging residents to follow the codes," he said.
Creating the codes enforcement officer position is municipal leaders in Blain and Jackson acknowledgment that a new age is here. "With that comes new regulations, and hopefully, we can all come together and cooperate as we grow," Bell said.

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text: Hello everyone, I have been wracking my brain trying to find out who sings this song...."where'd you go.... I miss you so, seems like its been forever since you've been gone.... just come back home." Its a womans voice and she sounds like she may have an accent. Also its remixed with I thought Linkin Park but I'm not sure. If anyone has any ideas please please please help!! Thanks so much


text:
OMAHA, Neb. -- This was a start a long time coming for LSU sophomore Cody Glenn. Both in terms of this season and what it took to for the left-hander to climb onto the biggest stage of his baseball career.
The Tigers take on North Carolina at 2 p.m. Tuesday (ESPN) with the season on the line for both college baseball powerhouses. Losses on Sunday dropped both teams into the loser's bracket.
With LSU (57-10) desperate to resuscitate its national championship hopes, Paul Mainieri will hand the ball to Glenn. That's not a huge surprise, considering how the Texas native emerged this season.
The tricky part is that Glenn (7-2, 2.41 ERA) will be on the mound for the first time in four full weeks when he throws the first pitch on Tuesday.
"I feel nice and rested," Glenn said with a grin on Monday. "I don't think I'll be rusty."
To avoid that possibility, Glenn has twice thrown simulated games since he came back from sit out the NCAA Regional weekend for violating a team rule. The last one was an 80-pitch outing that encouraged Mainieri, who compared an 80-pitch session eight days ago to Glenn's last start.
That outing was a 7-inning performance against Alabama at the SEC Tournament when he allowed 5 hits and didn't give up a run, which was as well as the southpaw threw against an SEC foe all season.
Click here to enter the LSU Dugout
"I want to go out there and throw with a lot of confidence and fill up the zone and give us a chance to win," said Glenn, who has allowed one or no earned runs in his last five starts.
"Coming out and having a good start is a big key for me. I'm going to try and catch my groove as early as I can in the game."
As much as Glenn tried to downplay his College World Series debut, he tipped his hand later in the day on Twitter.
With the start of his life 20 hours away, Glenn tweeted "Childhood dream comes true tomorrow. I get to pitch in the CWS! Amazing blessing that I'm gonna take full advantage of!"
Short and to the point
Alex Bregman strode to the group of media waiting on him Monday and went to work.
There were questions and he did his best to answer. And for the first time all season, it was clear there was a bit of an edge to the talented freshman.
His answers were short and clipped. His focus was impossible to miss.
That's predictable after his CWS debut was borderline disastrous: 0-for-4 at the plate with an error that allowed UCLA to score the winning run in the 8th inning of a 2-1 triumph.
"I've gotta make that play," Bregman said. "I'm fine. I'm ready to go.
"I've been thinking about it a little bit. I want the same ball hit to me again. Same situation, I want the same ball hit to me."
So does his coach.
Like he did before the season ever began, Mainieri reiterated his feeling that Bregman is a player he believes in, no matter what.
"We got back to the hotel (Sunday) night and I re-iterated what I said to him, why I picked him to be our shortstop," Mainieri said. "I said, 'Alex, if it was anybody other than you that made an error in the 8th inning of the College World Series that allowed the winning run to score, I would have a tough time sleeping tonight. But I believe in you. I believe you're as great a player as we could possibly have, one of the best players I've ever coached. I believe in you, you work harder than anybody; you didn't make that error on purpose. So I accept it.'"I accept whatever happens with that kid. You can't be front-runners with the kids you believe in. And I think it meant a lot to him when I told him that. I said, 'Don't you blame yourself. This loss was a culmination of a lot of things that happened during the course of the game. No one player wins a game, no one player loses a game. Everybody contributes to the final result. So the worst thing you can do is blame yourself for this.' "
The next step is how Bregman processes his disappointment.
The only other comparable game he had was against Sam Houston State in the regional round when he had two errors in a game when the Tigers surrendered 5 unearned runs before rallying for an 8-5 triumph.
Mainieri expects a similar bounceback with even more at stake.
"I think you'll see a kid that will come back with a lot more determination to go out there and prove he's an asset to his team, and I think you'll see him play really well," Mainieri said.
"It's just so hard to hit a home run. You just can't play for extra base hits in this park. You've gotta scratch one across here or there."
Mainieri on the offensive challenges at TD Ameritrade Park
Around the horn
- The 2-1 loss Sunday was only LSU's second this season when the opponent has scored 2 runs or fewer and only the Tigers' third one-run loss in 14 games.
- In three of LSU's last four losses, the offense has produced 0-1 runs and only 2 in the other.
- Mason Katz' solo home run (16th) marked LSU's 21st game with a long ball this season. The Tigers are now 19-2 when they have at least one bomb.
- Four of LSU's 10 losses this season have come in games with two or more errors.
- Tigers pitchers have allowed only four total runs in the last 44 innings, and only one of those has been earned.
- Aaron Nola has surrendered only one earned run in his last 31 innings.
Randy Rosetta can be reached at email@example.com or 225.610.5507.
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CWS ON DECK: LSU vs. North Carolina


text:
I just hit another pot hole on E. Michigan Ave. next to Amos Street.
I am sick of this crap. I spent about $800 on tires and wheels last winter from bending rims and ruining tires on these rotten roads. Both county and city are disgusting.
The county can look at spending $9.5 million on some lighted-water cascade of little value to anyone. They can spend millions of dollars tearing down some dilapidated hotel that the city scammed the county into taking ownership.
The city spends millions tearing down the old Consumers Energy building. The city spends $500,000 on new trucks while not repairing streets and refusing to pick up the leaves. The city will spend $80,000 to re-lay the brick section of Mechanic which is drivable, does not blow tires nor bend rims.
The city built and operates the parking structures for Consumers at a cost of $750,000 per year and receives revenues from the parking of $250,000 per year. We subsidize Consumers Energy parking in the amount of $500,000 per year. Good job Mayor Griffin. Those Consumers Energy contracts you negotiated sure benefit the city.
Lets not forget the Tax Increment Funding bonds that were supposed to be paid off with the increased revenues created by the booming growth of the downtown due to Consumers Energy. Never happened. Bonds were refunded and coming due again.
Good job Mayor Griffin and Andrew Frounfelker (a Consumers employee).
The city is a joke. The county is a joke. Fix the roads or maybe I should only drive my truck with 6-ply off-road tires. What a wonderful place to live. The tax dollars are spent so wisely.
ROBERT F. TULLOCH/Munith


text:
Should you buy an old boat? Maybe, but be prepared to get down and dirty fixing it, or pay someone to do it for you. Boats that have been around need extra loving care.
It's mid-season, and my cherished 18-foot sailboat, a Marshall Sanderling catboat, is about to be launched, a good part of the summer having been spent on repair and catch-up maintenance.
My budget, and my inclination, dictate that where possible I do my own work. If stumped, I know whom to call for advice. I have accumulated a collection of tools, not fancy but adequate.
Budget conscious, I bought a well-used (think "affordable") model and enjoyed some years of good sailing before the repair obligation came due.
Now that it's done, and I stand back and take in the pretty sweep of the classic hull shape, I know that for me the sweat and expense were worth it.
If you are thinking of making a sizeable investment on a used boat, especially an older one, consider hiring an accredited marine surveyor for a thorough survey of structures and systems, and perhaps cool your ardor for what you see as your dreamboat.
"We work for the buyer," said Eric Dender of Oceanport, a surveyor with Accredited Marine Technologies. "We don't tell you not to buy it, we just tell you what's wrong with it."
His company uses what he calls a "prompt sheet" of about 15 pages detailing items for the surveyor to check, he said. You should be present for the survey, he said.
A survey can save you from unpleasant surprises. If you have a survey, and you don't buy the boat, "it will be the best money you ever lost," he chuckled.
Two national groups accredit surveyors: the Society of Accredited Marine Surveyors (marinesurvey.org) in Jacksonville, Fla., and the National Association of Marine Surveyors (namsglobal.org) in Chesapeake, Va.
A Website to check
A comprehensive collection of articles on boat repair, maintenance and operation is available free from BoatUS. It offers a range of subjects from "anchoring and docking" to "winterizing," and an extensive choice in between. Go to boatUS.com/boattech.
Please e-mail items of interest to this column to firstname.lastname@example.com. Check Charles Zusman's blog at blog.nj.com/boating.


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The popular Punjabi singer cum actor- Diljit Dosanjh teamed up with Badshah for single track "Proper Patola"
After huge success of 'Jatt & Juliet 2', handsome and smart Diljit Dosanjh is currently shotting for his next song video in Los Angeles. He has planned a bang on song for all his lovers.
Talking about this video, Diljit said, "I assure you "Proper Patola" is one song that will be loved by all".
Badshah has written,composed and produced the song. Feeling the same that the song would be liked by all, he said "I feel blessed to have been able to make a track with Diljit, whom I have immense respect for. He has always been an inspiration to me, I beleive the track that we have worked on will definitely become a favorite of all the fans."
The single track 'Proper Patola' will be released by Sony Music Entertainment. The track is set to be released on 9th August.Watch Video Song TeaserProper Patola HD WallpapersWatch Proper Patola Full Video Song
Track: Proper Patola
Release Date: 9th August
Singer: Diljit Dosanjh/ Badshah
Music Director: Badshah
Music Label: Sony Music


text:
If the strength training you do is bodyweight stuff, you will probably be able to do 3x a week. If you decide to do barbell training, at your age, you might struggle with recovery at 3x a week after a while.
Hi all - I have been scrawny my whole life, but I could eat whatever I wanted whenever I wanted. Then I turned 40 and I started to gain weight. Last November I went out to buy pants and I couldn't believe the size I needed to fit me. Then I started to study low carb diets and eventually landed on MDA, and basically, my life changed. Now I walk everywhere, work in the garden as much as possible, and I've lost most of the pounds that I need to to get back to where I was 5 years ago (now I'm 44). the thing i've ignored in the PB until now is strength training. On monday I decided to start, so I did 3 reps of 10 pushups, 15 squats and 15 seconds of planks. the last time I did any kind of weight lifting or strength training was in high school, so I don't really know where to go from here. I was thinking of following Mark's advice in Primal Blueprint Fitness but doing three days a week of strength training instead of two. Pushing out 15 seconds of planks x 3 was really hard and I'm still hurting from that one so tomorrow I think I'll skip it until I recover. What else should I be doing to turn my scrawny self into a respectable specimen of a human of my age?
If the strength training you do is bodyweight stuff, you will probably be able to do 3x a week. If you decide to do barbell training, at your age, you might struggle with recovery at 3x a week after a while.
Female, 5'3", 50, Max squat: 202.5lbs. Max deadlift: 225 x 3.
I began natural bodybuilding 37 years ago and have tried different workouts. The ones that had the best effect was short, high intensity training (HIT) doing each body part only once per week. I was 47 and got my bench to 365lb. In my 20s I gained the most muscle in the shortest amount of time doing Ellington Darden's HIT program of doing a full body workout 3 times per week. My training partner had the same effect but we both burned out in about 6 weeks. That said, my bodyweight went from 202 to 216 in that 6-8 week period. My partner gained more, probably because he was taller.
Would I be putting a grain-feed cow on a fad diet if I took it out of the feedlot and put it on pasture eating the grass nature intended?
Check out "convict conditioning". It's normal body weight training, but it has great progressions to help you get from just starting out to really strong. There are two volumes, you should just get the first one, volume 1 for now.
Poke it quickly, with a stick.
Convict Conditioning: How to Bust Free of All Weakness--Using the Lost Secrets of Supreme Survival Strength: Paul Wade: 9780938045762: Amazon.com: Books
I also found the book Pushing the Limits!, by Al Kavadlo:
Anyone have an opinion about it?
Yes that's the correct book. My opinion of Al Kavadlo is, you can not go wrong. He wrote the second Convict Conditioning book. Watch any of his videos on his website and you'll see he is the real deal. No BS!
All solid posts. It really depends on your goals bro. Your NOT that old. With dedication and most of all consistency you could become a powerful, athletic senior (and therefore wiser) Grok and that is simply Bad-ass.
Body weight is a solid way to go. Make sure you work the pulls evenly, if not more then you work the push's. Eg. pull-ups, Body weight rows.
Do you want to get a lot stronger? or just more capable/less soft?
Female, 5'3", 50, Max squat: 202.5lbs. Max deadlift: 225 x 3.


text:
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About 16,000 individuals took to the streets during The Times-Picayune's 30th annual Crescent City Classic on Saturday, but to a group of about 20 participants, it was the one person who wasn't present that gave them that extra bounce in their steps.
For the first time in 24 years, a group known as "The Classics" was without its leader and co-founder, Charley Favret, who was killed at age 65 in a one-vehicle accident in November 2007.
Favret and Jim Geis, 64, in their earlier days used to aim for a fast time at the CCC, but injuries eventually led the duo to walk the 6.2-mile event. They quickly decided to participate in shorts, tuxedo shirts, black long tails with ties and top hats -- and The Classics were formed.
"Charley was the backbone of this group (which now includes a bank executive, dentist, contractors and teachers -- ages 30 to 64)," Geis said. "Charley was like a brother to me."
The Classics started Saturday by visiting Lake Lawn Cemetery and going to Favret's grave site for a toast. All members wore white T-shirts with an iron-on stenciled picture of Favret on the back.
"My dad was very much into the CCC," said Lori Favret Wilken, Favret's daughter. "He loved being a part of the large groups competing -- and celebrating afterward with them."
Favret Wilken, along with husband Chad and 8-month-old son Connor, walked the course. Favret's wife, Jeanie, and youngest son, Ryan, also walked the 10K.
Geis was filled with emotion at the finish.
"I had a good time," he said. "All of my thoughts are of Charley and all the good times we had."
Despite the warnings posted on the neutral ground, some tried to beat the odds -- and lost. They were ticketed.
One NOPD officer on duty said the city shouldn't have restricted the parking.
"They should have let them park on the neutral ground," he said. "This just isn't right, because now people are in the neighborhoods and blocking driveways, which means they are going to get tickets or even get towed."
City Council President Arnie Fielkow said he hoped to get together with CCC officials soon to discuss the situation. Bill Cox, 79, keeps going and going.
Cox, who served in the Marines for 30 years, ran in his 29th CCC on Saturday. He has participated in the event in all but the first year.
About five years ago, Cox, who is a member of the New Orleans Track Club, was in a motorcycle accident and ruptured his spleen -- but even that didn't deter him from running in the CCC. Keeping with tradition, the CCC saw its fair share of participants in costumes.
Wade Bolette Jr. and Jerry L'Enfant, who completed their 30th CCC -- and their 26th as the Blues Brothers -- once again drew a crowd.
"We ran slow," Bolette said. "We look good, smell bad. Our philosophy is we start off slow and then taper off."
L'Enfant said running in every CCC has gained the two somewhat of a fan base.
"We've been around a long time, so we had about six or seven people tell us they had been waiting to see us," L'Enfant said. "But some people still don't know us. They were asking us, 'Are ya'll going to a meeting? Are ya'll lawyers?' But still, it's a lot of fun."
Other participants in costumes included those dressed as clowns, tomatoes, bunnies and even a man in a chicken suit. Jared Fogle, otherwise known as Jared from Subway, attended the CCC and greeted runners at a table close to the post-race stage inside Tad Gormley Stadium.
"It's neat to see the event getting bigger and bigger," he said. "As the city rebuilds (after Hurricane Katrina), the Classic keeps getting bigger."
But don't expect to see Fogle, best known for losing weight, running in the CCC anytime soon. He enjoys being a spectator.
"I'm not much of a runner," he said. "I'm a walker. .¤.¤. The people are so friendly. I love seeing how the city is rebuilding. You couldn't ask for better weather. I know the course is great. Everybody seems to be having a great time. Leave it to New Orleans. It's the only place that you have beer at the end of a race."
"I could never play baseball with Derek Jeter or play basketball with Chris Paul, but I can run a race with today's greats, and greats of the past like Frank Shorter (who won the inaugural CCC in 29:47 on Sept. 23, 1972) and Bill Rodgers. Not real close to them, though." -- 72-year-old Harvey Herstein, who has participated in every Crescent City Classic. Michael Arvites contributed to this report.


text:
|[TowerTalk] Expanding Foam
|email@example.com (Lee Buller)
|Wed, 19 Nov 1997 11:24:05 -0600
At 12:07 PM 11/19/97 -0500, you wrote: >Hi Gang, > >I am reading all the posts about expanding foam that fills all the air >gaps in the hole you make in the side of your home to bring in coax and >control lines. The expanding foam spray has one serious drawback... the >next time you go to add or remove a cable... you have a mess of >crumbling foam on your hands. > >I believe I've solved the problem with my 3-inch hole for cabling... by >stuffing the hole with newspapers. This lasted quite a while. After >all, we only want to limit the ingress of air and insects. The next >time I added a cable I got an even better idea. I had several pieces of >foam rubber packing material laying around... the stuff that lines >camera cases or is used for shipping computer hard drives. I stuffed >the hole with this stuff and it is simply "wonderful." It's easily >removed, no mess, and easily replaced. No big deal. You can also buy >foam weatherstripping to do the same job. > >All the cables that enter this hole have a semi-circular "drip loop" >whereby they must rise since they approach the hole from below. This >keeps water from running down the cables into the foam. Little "drip >strings" can be added to the bottom of each cable to drain water... >although I haven't found this necessary. > >Lastly, to keep water out of the hole I place a sheet of white aluminum >siding in the bottom lip of the siding just above the hole and let it >hang there covering the hole and the coax coming in from the sides. You >can easily substitute aluminum roofing flashing obtained in Home Depot. > >With this method... I don't worry about messy caulking the hole, >crumbling hardened expandable foam, insects and water or air ingress. >The hole, which is made large enough to remove cables with 8-pin Cinch >Jones connectors on my rotor control box wiring... can easily be >accessed for any new cabling. So simple. Now all I have to start >thinking about is a lightning bulkhead. There's always something to do! > >Hope I've been helpful. Your on-line coments and suggestions are always >appreciated...off-line too. I am using this method right now with a slight change that is easier. I have a 4" PVC flange coming in the wall of the shack that is used for a Toilet Throne. I then used a 4" elbo that goes inside the flange and points down. No water comes in...and very little air. I do back it tight with foam rubber. Just pop out the foam rubber and run another cable in. Lee firstname.lastname@example.com "Can't wait for the 'cracks' about my Throne on the wall" -- FAQ on WWW: http://www.contesting.com/towertalkfaq.html Submissions: email@example.com Administrative requests: email@example.com Problems: firstname.lastname@example.com Search: http://www.contesting.com/km9p/search
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Want to join the conversation?
Security company $NOC said it has partnered with NEC Corporation to deliver the Japan-Cyber Operations Research, Training and Experimentation (J-CORTEX) system. J-CORTEX is a private, cloud-based cyber range that emulates customers' environments for the purpose of testing and training.
Visa ($V) set to release it earning after market close today. With new CEO resigning so close to the earnings, should we expect to see any surprises? Visa has been making strong moves with Visa Europe acquisition, partnership with PayPal and a 15% increase if quarterly dividends.
Kimberly Clark Corp ($KMB) has been in decline for most of the year, the stock has also not been getting any analyst love. Will today's earnings break the trend? Revenue has been up and down in the last four quarters, let us see what this quarter brings.
$KMB down close to 4% after it misses on earnings and revenue. Forecasts are lower for the year.


text: Nathanael Johnson Natural living: 5 myths about nature vs. technology By Gabriel Spitzer • Feb 4, 2013 Listen Listening... / 4:52 Technology has made us healthier in a lot of ways. It's beaten back old threats from smallpox to stillbirth to scarlet fever. But many think the march of progress has gone too far, and we need to get back to nature. Author Nathanael Johnson says most of us are in the middle – suspicious of technology run amok, but unwilling to trade the condo for a mud hut. He investigates whether the natural approach is really better for us in his book, "All Natural." Nathanael also laid out five common myths about nature versus technology. Get the gist below, or click below and listen to the full conversation:


text:
Patent application title: COLD-ROLLED STEEL SHEET AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
Nobuko Mineji (Tokyo, JP)
Reiko Sugihara (Tokyo, JP)
Tadashi Inoue (Tokyo, JP)
JFE Steel Corporation
IPC8 Class: AH01M600FI
USPC Class:
Class name: Method of mechanical manufacture electrical device making electric battery cell making
Publication date: 2009-12-10
Patent application number: 20090300902
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A cold-rolled steel sheet that is suitable for battery cases and has low
anisotropy is composed of, by mass %, C: ≦0.0030%, Si:
≦0.02%, Mn: 0.15 to 0.19%, P: ≦0.020%, S: ≦0.015%,
N: ≦0.0040%, Al: 0.020 to 0.070%, Nb: 1.00≦Nb/C (atomic
equivalent ratio)≦5.0, B: 1 ppm≦B-(11/14)N≦15 ppm
(in the expression, B and N denote the contents of the respective
elements), and the balance: being Fe and inevitable impurities, and has a
planar anisotropy Δr of the r-value in the range of
-0.10≦Δr≦0.10. In a process for producing the steel
sheet, the cold rolling is performed at a rolling ratio of 70 to 87%, and
then annealing is performed on a continuous annealing line at an
annealing temperature of from the recrystallization temperature to
1. A cold-rolled steel sheet composed of, by mass %, 0.0030% or less of C,
0.02% or less of Si, 0.15 to 0.19% of Mn, 0.020% or less of P, 0.015% or
less of S, 0.0040% or less of N, 0.020 to 0.070% of Al, Nb in an amount
of 1.00.ltoreq.Nb/C (atomic equivalent ratio)≦5.0, and B in an
amount of 1 ppm≦B-(11/14)N≦15 ppm (wherein, B and N denote
the contents of the respective elements), and the balance being Fe and
inevitable impurities, and having a planar anisotropy Δr of the
r-value in the range of -0.10.ltoreq.Δr≦0.10.
2. The cold-rolled steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the cold-rolled steel sheet has a thickness of 0.25 mm or more and 0.50 mm or less.
3. A process for producing a cold-rolled steel sheet, comprising:soaking a steel slab having a composition according to claim 1 at a temperature of 1050 to 1300.degree. C. and then hot-rolling the slab at a finishing temperature of the Ar3 transformation point or higher;cold-rolling the hot-rolled steel at a rolling ratio of 70 to 87%; andannealing the cold-rolled steel on a continuous annealing line at an annealing temperature of from the recrystallization temperature to 830.degree. C.
4. A battery having a battery case formed from a steel sheet according to claim 1.
5. (canceled)
6. A battery having a battery case formed from a steel sheet according to claim 2.
7. A process for producing a battery, comprising the step of forming a battery case by deep drawing of a steel sheet according to claim 1.
8. A process for producing a battery, comprising the step of forming a battery case by deep drawing of a steel sheet according to claim 2.
[0001]This is a §371 of International Application No. PCT/JP2006/325986, with an international filing date of Dec. 20, 2006 (WO 2008/075444 A1, published Jun. 26, 2008).
[0002]This disclosure relates to a cold-rolled steel sheet suitable as a material for drawing forming or DI forming and relates to a process for producing the steel sheet. Specifically, the disclosure relates to a low-anisotropic cold-rolled steel sheet that is mainly used as a steel sheet (plate) suitable for, for example, battery cases and relates to a process for producing the steel sheet.
[0003]Since interstitial-free steels do not contain solid solute. C and N, they are basically non-aging and have excellent press formability. Therefore, the interstitial-free steels have been widely used as materials for drawing forming and DI forming, for example, as steel sheets for battery cases.
[0004]For example, a battery case is formed by combining deep drawing and ironing of a steel sheet. Specifically, the battery case is formed by, for example, DI forming in which a cup is formed by drawing and then applied to ironing; stretch draw forming in which a cup is formed by drawing and then, as needed, applied to ironing; or multi-stage drawing forming in which multi-stage drawing and then ironing are performed.
[0005]The thus produced battery cases have different heights in the can circumferential direction after working, and a large amount of debris are produced by that the irregular portions are cut out, resulting in a decrease in yield. Therefore, it is required to suppress irregularity in heights of the cases, that is, to reduce earing. The r-value (Lankford value) is known as an index indicating deep drawing properties of steel sheets such as cold-rolled steel sheets, and it is generally known that the amount of earing has a good correlation with Δr, which is an index indicating planar anisotropy of the r-value. Specifically, the amount of earing decreases as the Δr approaches zero. The Δr herein can be expressed as follows:
In the equation, r0 denotes an r-value in the rolling direction, r45 denotes an r-value in the direction of 45° from the rolling direction, and r90 denotes an r-value in the direction of 90° from the rolling direction. A steel sheet having a Δr in the range of -0.10 to 0.10 can be defined as a low-anisotropic steel sheet.
[0006]Steel sheets suitable for deep drawing have been practically produced by continuously annealing IF steels. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 61-64852 proposes a low-anisotropic cold-rolled steel sheet that at least optionally contains Nb and is suitable for deep drawing. In addition, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication Nos. 5-287449, 2002-212673, 3-97813, and 63-310924 propose those at least optionally containing B.
[0007]We discovered that materials composed of a Nb-IF steel containing B (the IF steel are characterized by fixing, for example, solid solute C by Nb) may exhibit hot shortness (embrittlement) and have slab cracking during casting in some particular element ratios. In such a case, a step of partially scarfing a steel slab after cooling is necessary for removing defects. However, this caused the problem of reducing manufacturing efficiency.
[0008]It could therefore be helpful to provide a cold-rolled steel sheet having a low anisotropy not inducing slab cracking during continuous casting, having excellent surface properties, and being suitable for deep drawing and to provide a process for producing such a steel sheet.
[0009]We focused on component elements that affect both hot-rolling properties and anisotropy and by regulating the amounts of Mn, S, N, and B as the component elements such that the hot-rolling properties are excellent and the anisotropy is low.
[0010]We thus provide a steel sheet composed of, by mass %, C: ≦0.0030%, Si: ≦0.02%, Mn: 0.15 to 0.19%, P: ≦0.020%, S: ≦0.015%, N: ≦0.0040%, Al: 0.020 to 0.070%, Nb: 1.00≦Nb/C (atomic equivalent ratio)≦5.0, B: 1 ppm≦B-(11/14)N≦15 ppm (in the expression, B and N denote the contents of the respective elements), and the balance: being Fe and inevitable impurities. The planar anisotropy, Δr of the r-value of the steel sheet satisfies -0.10≦Δr≦0.10. The steel sheet preferably has a thickness of 0.25 mm or more and 0.50 mm or less.
[0011]The steel sheet is produced using a steel slab having the above-mentioned composition by performing soaking at a temperature of 1050 to 1300° C., hot-rolling at a finishing temperature not lower than the Ar3 transformation point, cold-rolling at a rolling ratio of 70 to 87%, and annealing on a continuous annealing line at an annealing temperature of from the recrystallization temperature to 830° C.
[0012]Soaking the steel slab may be performed by directly placing the not-cooled steel slab in a heating furnace (direct heating) or by reheating. In addition, after the hot-rolling, the steel may be pickled before the cold-rolling. Furthermore, after the annealing, temper rolling may be performed.
[0013]The steel sheet can be used for a battery case as a part of a battery. Specifically, the steel sheet may be formed into a battery case by deep drawing (including an optional process such as ironing). This battery case can be supplied to battery manufacturers.
[0014]FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating the shape and the size of a tensile test specimen used in investigation of hot-rolling properties.
[0015]FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in Δr (vertical axis) according to changes in cold-rolling ratio (horizontal axis:unit %) in different B contents.
[0016]As described above, materials composed of Nb-IF steels containing B may exhibit hot shortness (embrittlement) and have slab cracking during casting in some particular element ratios. Such slab cracking occurs depending on, for example, the shape of a mold, casting temperature, and the viscosity of powder. In the materials composed of Nb-IF steels containing B, a predominant factor of the slab cracking is deterioration in hot-rolling properties of the steel slabs due to grain-boundary embrittlement caused by carbides, nitrides, and sulfides deposited at high temperature (900 to 1100° C.) during the casting.
[0017]That is, slab cracking can be avoided by minimizing the deterioration of the hot-rolling properties by regulating the amounts of nitrides and sulfides that are involved in the grain-boundary embrittlement in a high-temperature region.
[0018]The superiority of hot-rolling properties can be determined by the value of reduction of area (%) in a high-temperature tensile test. Accordingly, we investigated conditions of steel cracking in detail by using values of reduction of area. FIG. 1 shows the shape and the size of a tensile test specimen for measuring a value of reduction of area. The test specimen has a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 95 mm (75 mm excluding the threaded portions M10 at both ends). The specimen has a testing portion having a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 15 mm at the center thereof. The radius R of the corner for reducing the diameter is 5 mm.
[0019]We discovered that no slab cracking occurs when the value of reduction of area is 40% or more in the high-temperature tensile test at 950° C. In addition, we found that to avoid casting cracking, as described above, it is important to avoid deterioration of hot-rolling properties of the steel slab due to grain boundary embrittlement caused by carbides, nitrides, or sulfides, and it is also important to regulate, in particular, the amounts of BN and MnS in the element composite.
[0020]On the other hand, the cold-rolling ratio highly affects anisotropy, and strict regulation of the rolling ratio is highly required for obtaining a low-anisotropic steel sheet having a Δr of -0.10 to 0.10. That is, in the IF steel, the r-value and the Δr are dominantly affected by crystal orientation distribution (recrystallization texture) of recrystallized grains after annealing. The orientation distribution of recrystallized grains is highly affected by cold-rolled texture formed in the steel sheet during the cold-rolling. As a matter of course, the cold-rolled texture is highly affected by the cold-rolling ratio. Therefore, in general, the Δr sensitively varies depending on the cold-rolling ratio.
[0021]However, for example, considering the equipment load and the manufacturing ratio, it is not realistic to strictly regulate the rolling ratio for adjusting the Δr within a predetermined range. Accordingly, it is desired to reduce the influence of the cold-rolling ratio on the anisotropy. The investigation regarding the anisotropy has revealed that the presence of solid-solute B is very effective. That is, it has been found that a low-anisotropic steel sheet can be readily produced by reducing the influence of the cold-rolling ratio by giving solid-solute B by regulating the B content according to the N content in the steel.
[0022]As described above, to give a low-anisotropic steel sheet, the steel has to contain B. On the other hand, to avoid slab cracking, precipitation of BN has to be suppressed as much as possible. Various investigations have been conducted for solving this problem, and, as a result, the steel successfully satisfies the conflicting requirements by the following means.
[0023]That is, as described above, the slab cracking is mainly caused by precipitation of BN, MnS, or complexes thereof at grain boundaries in the steel during continuous casting. Accordingly, first of all, regulation is conducted such that the precipitation of MnS is suppressed as much as possible. At the same time, regarding the precipitation of BN, the B content that forms BN is regulated to 0.0031% or less by regulating the N content to 0.0040% or less for suppressing hot shortness. As a result, an element system for ensuring solid-solute B is structured.
Composition of Steel Sheet
[0024]That is, the steel sheet is composed of C: ≦0.0030% (mass %, hereinafter the same), Si: ≦0.02%, Mn: 0.15 to 0.19%, P: ≦0.020%, S: ≦0.015%, N: ≦0.0040%, Al: 0.020 to 0.070%, Nb: 1.00≦Nb/C (atomic equivalent ratio)≦5.0, B: 1 ppm≦B-(11/14)N≦15 ppm (in the expression, B and N denote the contents of the respective elements), and the balance: being Fe and inevitable impurities. The reasons for limiting the chemical elements of the steel sheet will be described below.
C: 0.0030% or less
[0025]A smaller amount of C provides softness and good stretch properties and is therefore advantageous for press workability.
[0026]In addition, the deposition of solid-solute C as carbides inhibits strain aging hardening due to the solid-solute C and enhances deep drawing properties, but when the content of C is excessive, it is difficult to precipitate all the C as carbides by adding Nb. As a result, deteriorations in the hardening and the stretch properties are caused by the solid-solute C. From the above, the C content in the steel sheet is regulated to be 0.0030% or less. In addition, the lower limit of the C content that can be industrially achieved is about 0.0001%.
Si: 0.02% or less
[0027]Si is an impurity element that is inevitably contained. Since a Si content greater than 0.02% causes hardening and deterioration in plating properties, the Si content in the steel is regulated to 0.02% or less. In addition, the lower limit of the Si content that can be industrially achieved is about 0.001%.
Mn: 0.15% or more and 0.19% or less
[0028]Mn is an effective element for preventing hot shortness due to S during hot rolling and is therefore necessary to be contained at least 0.15%. However, as described above, Nb-IF steels containing B, as in the steel, have a problem of slab cracking. Therefore, when the Mn content is higher than 0.19%, MnS is excessively precipitated during continuous casting and causes hot shortness, resulting in slab cracking. In addition, excess Mn that is not precipitated as MnS becomes solid-solute Mn to increase steel strength and deteriorate rolling properties. Furthermore, the recrystallization temperature is increased by the presence of the solid-solute Mn, and thereby the load in annealing is increased. From the above, the Mn content in the steel is regulated to 0.15% or more and 0.19% or less.
P: 0.020% or less
[0029]P is an impurity element that is inevitably contained. Since a P content greater than 0.020% causes hardening to deteriorate the workability, the P content in the steel is regulated to 0.0200% or less. In addition, the lower limit of the P content that can be industrially achieved is about 0.001%.
S: 0.015% or less
[0030]S is an element that is inevitably contained. S is an impurity element that causes hot shortness during hot rolling and is also a factor that causes hot shortness when it is precipitated as MnS during continuous casting, resulting in slab cracking. Therefore, the S content as small as possible is preferred. Consequently, the S content in the steel is regulated to 0.015% or less. In addition, the lower limit of the S content that can be industrially achieved is about 0.0001%.
N: 0.0040% or less
[0031]N is an impurity element that is inevitably contained. A high N content is a factor of hot shortness due to precipitation of AlN and BN during continuous casting, resulting in slab cracking. In addition, N affects the solid-solute B amount, which affects dependency of anisotropy on the cold-rolling ratio, to increase the anisotropy.
[0032]Therefore, N is an important element, and the N content is needed to be decreased, but is acceptable by 0.0040%. By the above-described reasons, the N content in the steel is regulated to 0.0040% or less and preferably 0.0030% or less. In addition, the lower limit of the N content that can be industrially achieved is about 0.0001%.
Al: 0.020% or more and 0.070% or less
[0033]Al is an element necessary for deacidification in steelmaking, and the content thereof is preferably 0.020% or more. On the other hand, an excess amount thereof increases inclusion to readily cause surface defects. From the above, the Al content in the steel is regulated to 0.020% or more and 0.070% at most.
Nb: 1.00≦Nb/C (atomic equivalent ratio)≦5.0
[0034]Since Nb precipitates solid-solute C in the steel as carbides to suppress deterioration in deep drawing properties due to solid-solute C, the Nb content is regulated so as to be equivalent to or greater than the C content, that is, a Nb/C (atomic equivalent ratio) of 1.00 or more is satisfied. On the other hand, since an excess content thereof increases the recrystallization temperature, the content is regulated such that the Nb/C (atomic equivalent ratio) is 5.0 or less. From the above, the Nb content in the steel is regulated such that the Nb/C (atomic equivalent ratio) is within the range of 1.00 or more and 5.0 or less.
[0035]In addition, the atomic equivalent ratio is calculated by the following expression:
Nb/C(atomic equivalent ratio)=[Nb content(mass %)/93]/[C content (mass %)/12]
B: 1 ppm≦B-(11/14)N≦15 ppm
[0036]Regulation of the B content is very important.
[0037]To investigate the variation of planar anisotropy caused by changes in the ratio of a B content to a N content, the following experiment was performed.
[0038]Steels composed of C: ≦0.0018 to 0.0025%, Si: ≦0.01%, Mn: 0.19%, P: 0.008 to 0.010%, S: 0.009 to 0.011%, N: ≦0.0020 to 0.0025%, Al: 0.038 to 0.048%, Nb: 0.023 to 0.025%, and the balance: being Fe and inevitable impurities were held at a holding temperature of 1250° C. and then hot rolled at a hot-rolling finishing temperature of 900° C. Subsequently, the cold-rolling was performed at different cold-rolling ratios, followed by annealing. The resulting annealed plates were measured for Δr to investigate changes caused by the variation of cold-rolling ratio. FIG. 2 shows the results.
[0039]In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents the cold-rolling ratio (%) that is determined by: cold-rolling ratio (%)=100×{(thickness before cold-rolling)-(thickness after cold-rolling)}/(thickness before cold-rolling). The vertical axis represents Δr (no unit) that is determined for each of the obtained steel sheet using a No. 13 B test piece specified in JIS Z 2201 by: Δr=(r0+r90-2×r45)/2, wherein r0, r45, and r90 are r-values measured according to JIS Z 2241 in three directions of parallel, 45°, and 90° to the rolling direction, respectively. Symbols in the graph represent the results of steel sheets of which B contents (mass %) and B-(11/14)N (mass ppm) are .tangle-solidup.: 0.0019%, 3 ppm, ◯: 0.0024%, 6 ppm, Δ: 0.0026%, 10 ppm, (black): 0.0021%, 1 ppm, .diamond-solid.: 0.0009%, less than 0 ppm, and (gray): 0.0015%, less than 0 ppm (corresponding to the steels, Nos. 1 to 6, in Table 1 shown below). In B-(11/14)N, N and B denote the B content (mass ppm) and the N content (mass ppm), respectively, in the steel.
[0040]FIG. 2 shows that when the value of B-(11/14)N is regulated to 1 ppm or more, the variation in Δr is very small even if the cold-rolling ratio is changed, that is, the dependency of Δr on cold-rolling ratio is extremely reduced.
[0041]That is, when the B content is regulated such that the value of B-(11/14)N is 1 ppm or more, the B content is equivalent to or greater than the N content to ensure solid-solute B. As a result, although the detailed mechanism is unclear, the dependency of Δr on cold-rolling ratio is extremely reduced, and therefore manufacturing conditions in the cold-rolling ratio can be broadened.
[0042]On the other hand, as confirmed by FIG. 2, a solid-solute B content greater than 1 ppm does not significantly improve the dependency of Δr on cold-rolling ratio. An excess content of solid-solute B increases the recrystallization temperature and, therefore, requires the recrystallization annealing temperature after cold rolling to be set to higher temperature. This is undesirable from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost. Therefore, the B content is regulated such that B-(11/14)N is 15 ppm or less. In addition, in facilities having high hit accuracy of steel elements, B-(11/14)N is preferably less than 10 ppm and more preferably less than 5 ppm for further decreasing recrystallization temperature. We discovered that a value of B-(11/14)N higher than 15 ppm increases the recrystallization temperature by about 130° C., but a value of 15 ppm or less can suppress the increase to about 100° C. or less, a value less than 10 ppm can suppress the increase to about 70° C. or less, and a value less than 5 ppm can suppress the increase to about 40° C. or less.
[0043]The balance other then the above-mentioned elements is composed of Fe and inevitable impurities. Various elements such as Sn, Pb, Cu, Mo, V, Zr, Ca, Sb, Te, As, Mg, Na, Ni, Cr, Ti, and rare earth elements (REM) may be contained as impurities during the manufacturing process in a total amount of about 0.5% or less. Such an amount of impurities do not affect the effects of the steel sheet.
Structure of Steel Sheet
[0044]The steel sheet has a Δr of -0.10 or more and 0.10 or less, that is, an absolute Δr of 0.10 or less. Earing during fabrication of the steel sheet into, for example, a battery case can be significantly reduced by regulating the Δr to this range. The Δr of the steel sheet can be regulated by employing the above-mentioned composition of the steel sheet and a production process described below.
[0045]The steel sheet preferably has a thickness of 0.25 mm or more and 0.50 mm or less. Efforts for reducing planar anisotropy have been made mainly in the fields of steel sheets (thickness: 0.2 mm or less) for cans or cold-rolled steel sheets (thickness: 0.7 mm or more) for deep drawing for, for example, automobiles. However, there have been few studies conducted on optimization of Δr, in particular, in connection with the cold-rolling ratio in the thickness range of 0.25 to 0.50 mm, which is the optimum thickness for battery cases. The steel sheet mostly exhibit the effect thereof, in particular, in such thickness range.
Production Process
[0046]Next, the reasons for limiting the conditions for producing a steel sheet having small anisotropy will be described.
[0047]A steel having an element composition defined above is made into an ingot. The ingot is cast into a slab by continuous casting, followed by hot rolling.
[0048]The slab prepared by the continuous casting may be hot-rolled directly or after slight heating (what is called direct charge or hot charge). Alternatively, the slab may be cooled once and then reheated for rolling.
[0049]The reheating temperature is 1050° C. or more and 1300° C. or less. The heating temperature for slightly heating the slab before getting cold is the same. When the slab is directly rolled, the rolling is preferably started within the above-mentioned temperature range.
[0050]The hot-rolling finishing temperature is not lower than the Ar3 transformation point. That is, a hot-rolling finishing temperature that is not lower than the Ar3 transformation point is necessary for providing a uniform crystal grain diameter after the rolling and for providing the hot plate with low anisotropy.
[0051]Furthermore, in the heating above, a heating temperature lower than 1050° C. is difficult to give a hot-rolling finishing temperature of the Ar3 transformation point or more, and a heating temperature higher than 1300° C. increases the amount of oxides generated on the surface of the slab, which readily causes surface defects due to the oxides and is therefore undesirable.
[0052]Then, the hot-rolled steel sheet is pickled as necessary and then cold-rolled at a cold-rolling ratio of 70% or more and 87% or less.
[0053]The pickling is a general process for removing surface scale of a hot-rolled steel sheet and may be performed with an acid such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. After the pickling, cold rolling is conducted.
[0054]A cold-rolling ratio less than 70% gives coarse crystal grains after the recrystallization annealing, which readily causes orange peel during the fabrication of cans and is therefore undesirable. In addition, a cold-rolling ratio higher than 87% gives a Δr of a large absolute value to increase the anisotropy. Therefore, the cold-rolling ratio is regulated to 70% or more and 87% or less.
[0055]Subsequently, annealing on a continuous annealing line at an annealing temperature of the recrystallization temperature or more is necessary. An annealing temperature of lower than the recrystallization temperature keeps the steel sheet hard and makes uniform fabrication difficult. On the other hand, an annealing temperature of higher than 830° C. allows the C fixed by Nb to be solid-soluted again, which deteriorates deep drawing properties, and forms coarse crystal grains, which has a risk that orange peel readily occur high, and is therefore undesirable. Therefore, the upper limit is determined to 830° C.
[0056]A steel sheet having a thickness of about 0.25 to 0.50 mm is too thin and has a risk of being broken when it passes through a continuous annealing furnace for a deep drawing steel sheet that can be annealed at high temperature. Therefore, in many of steel sheets for cans, a continuous annealing furnace with a relatively low heating ability is used. Also from this viewpoint, continuous annealing at a temperature higher than 830° C. is accompanied by a difficulty involved in facilities and is therefore undesirable.
[0057]Also from any of the viewpoints, it is further preferable that the upper limit of the annealing temperature be 830° C. or less.
[0058]In addition, the annealing time is preferably about 30 to 120 seconds.
[0059]After the annealing, to adjust the shape and the surface roughness of the steel sheet, temper rolling may be performed. The extension ratio (also called "elongation ratio") in the temper rolling is not particularly specified, but is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 2.0% as usually performed.
Application of Steel Sheet
[0060]The steel sheet is produced as described above and, as necessary, may be plated with Ni, Sn, Cr, or an alloy of these metals. Alternatively, diffusion annealing for diffusion alloy plating may be performed after plating. Furthermore, another surface coating, such as a resin coating, may be provided depending on the purpose. The steel sheet is generally subjected to a forming process, but may be provided with the above-mentioned various surface treatments or resin coating and then subjected to a forming process. Alternatively, after a forming process, various surface treatments or resin coating may be performed.
[0061]The steel sheet is particularly suitable for application to battery cases as battery parts, and the battery cases can be produced with a high steel sheet yield. The type of battery (chemical battery) to which the steel sheet can be applied is not particularly limited, and examples of the battery include dry batteries and secondary batteries (such as lithium ion batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, and nickel cadmium batteries). In particular, the steel sheet can be preferably applied to those that are formed into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of about 10 to 30 mm (or further formed into a square tubular shape).
[0062]The battery cases can be produced by any of the above-described various fabrication techniques such as DI forming. In the production of a battery, the battery case is charged or loaded with a positive-electrode material, a negative-electrode material, a separator, and other necessary materials or members such as terminals.
Example 1
[0063]Steel slabs having compositions shown in Table 1 were produced. In Table 1, steels of Nos. 1 to 4 satisfy our component conditions, and steels of Nos. 5 to 8 do not satisfy our component conditions.
[0064]Then, the steel slabs produced above were investigated for hot-rolling properties. The investigation for hot-rolling properties was performed by a high-temperature tensile test by sampling a cylindrical tensile test specimen from each of the produced steel slabs, heating the specimen to a heating temperature once, and then cooling to the test temperature. The specimen used for the tensile test had a shape shown in FIG. 1. In the high-temperature tensile test, the value (%) of reduction of area after break, which defined by the following expression, was measured according to JIS Z 2241, and the steels with a value of 40% or more were determined to be acceptable.
Value (%) of reduction of area=100×[(initial cross-sectional area)-(minimum cross-sectional area after drawing)]/(initial cross-sectional area).
[0065]The test conditions herein are shown below.
[0066]High-temperature tensile test conditions: [0067]heating temperature (SRT): 1420° C., [0068]heating temperature holding time: 60 seconds, [0069](tensile) test temperature: 950° C., [0070]test temperature holding time: 60 seconds, [0071]strain rate: 2×10-3/sec.
[0072]Table 2 shows the results.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 B- Steel Chemical element (mass %) (11/14)N No. C Si Mn P S N Al Nb B Nb/C (ppm) 1 0.0022 0.01 0.19 0.008 0.009 0.0020 0.038 0.024 0.0019 1.4 3 2 0.0018 0.01 0.19 0.010 0.011 0.0023 0.048 0.025 0.0024 1.8 6 3 0.0025 0.01 0.19 0.009 0.011 0.0020 0.045 0.024 0.0026 1.2 10 4 0.0020 0.01 0.18 0.009 0.010 0.0025 0.040 0.023 0.0021 1.5 1 5 0.0018 tr.* 0.18 0.010 0.011 0.0021 0.045 0.025 0.0009 1.8 <0 6 0.0022 0.01 0.19 0.008 0.009 0.0021 0.039 0.023 0.0015 1.3 <0 7 0.0020 tr.* 0.30 0.009 0.018 0.0024 0.044 0.024 0.0015 1.5 <0 8 0.0019 0.01 0.19 0.009 0.010 0.0042 0.040 0.025 0.0062 1.7 29 9 0.0021 0.01 0.19 0.008 0.009 0.0020 0.038 0.024 0.0034 1.5 18 *tr.: below the lower limit of determination (Si < 0.008%)
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Hot-rolling property Value (%) of Steel Recrystallization reduction of No. temperature (° C.) area Result Category 1 750 60 pass Inventive Example 2 770 45 pass Inventive Example 3 780 50 pass Inventive Example 4 730 70 pass Inventive Example 5 710 85 pass Comparative Example 6 710 80 pass Comparative Example 7 -- 35 fail Comparative Example 8 -- 28 fail Comparative Example 9 860 45 pass Comparative Example
[0073]Next, only steel slabs that were: determined to have acceptable hot-rolling properties were hot-rolled. The hot-rolling conditions were a soaking temperature of 1250° C. and a hot-rolling finishing temperature of 900° C. The Ar3 transformation temperatures of the materials subjected to the hot rolling were all 880° C. The Ar3 transformation temperature herein was determined by examining a temperature at which a specimen was thermally expanded when the specimen heated in a Formaster test was annealed at around the Ar3 transformation temperature.
[0074]The hot-rolled steel sheets were cold rolled under conditions shown in Table 3 and were subjected to recrystallization annealing, followed by temper rolling at an extension ratio of 0.5%. The resulting steel sheets had thicknesses within the range of 0.20 to 0.70 mm (the thicknesses of the steel sheets at cold-rolling ratios within our range were 0.26 to 0.60 mm).
[0075]The recrystallization temperatures shown in Table 2 were determined by Vickers hardness investigation and metal structure observation. Since the recrystallization temperature decreases with the cold-rolling ratio, the Vickers hardness (JIS Z 2244) was measured at a half-thickness position of a cross section in the thickness direction with a load (test force) of 1.961 N (200 gf) after the steel sheets were heated to various temperatures for 45 seconds after cold rolling by 70%, at which the recrystallization temperature was the lowest. The heat treatment temperatures were set at every to 10° C. from 700° C. In general, a cold-rolled steel sheet, when it is heat-treated, exhibits a sharp decrease in hardness due to progress of recrystallization in a particular temperature range. The temperature at which the sharp decrease in hardness was terminated was examined, and the lowest temperature at which 100% of recrystallization in metal structure was observed was determined as the recrystallization temperature.
[0076]Then, the cold-rolled steel sheets obtained above were investigated for anisotropy. In the investigation of anisotropy, r0, r45, and r90, which are r-values in three directions of parallel, 45°, and 90° to the rolling direction, respectively, of each of the obtained steel sheets were measured according to JIS Z 2241 using a No. 13 B test piece specified in JIS Z 2201, and steel sheets having a Δr within the range of +/-0.10, wherein Δr=(r0+r90-2×r45)/2, were determined to be acceptable.
[0077]Table 3 also shows the results.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Cold- rolling Annealing Steel ratio temp. No. No. (%) (° C.) Δr Notes Category 1 1 70 810 -0.03 pass Inventive Example 2 1 75 810 -0.04 pass Inventive Example 3 1 80 810 -0.05 pass Inventive Example 4 1 85 810 -0.07 pass Inventive Example 5 1 87 810 -0.10 pass Inventive Example 6 2 70 820 0.03 pass Inventive Example 7 2 75 820 0.02 pass Inventive Example 8 2 80 820 -0.01 pass Inventive Example 9 2 85 820 -0.05 pass Inventive Example 10 3 70 830 0.00 pass Inventive Example 11 3 75 830 -0.01 pass Inventive Example 12 3 80 830 -0.02 pass Inventive Example 13 3 85 830 -0.04 pass Inventive Example 14 4 70 810 0.01 pass Inventive Example 15 4 80 810 0.00 pass Inventive Example 16 4 85 810 -0.04 pass Inventive Example 17 1 90 810 -0.23 fail Comparative Example 18 2 90 820 -0.25 fail Comparative Example 19 3 90 850 -0.25 fail Comparative Example 20 4 90 810 -0.20 fail Comparative Example 21 5 70 720 0.32 fail Comparative Example 22 5 80 720 0.26 fail Comparative Example 23 5 90 720 -0.23 fail Comparative Example 24 6 70 720 0.33 fail Comparative Example 25 6 80 720 0.29 fail Comparative Example 26 6 90 720 -0.13 fail Comparative Example 27 1 65 810 -0.01 pass orange peel Comparative Example 28 1 80 770 -0.04 pass Inventive Example 29 1 80 830 -0.03 pass Inventive Example 30 1 80 850 -0.03 pass wrinkles occurred Comparative Example during working 31 1 80 810 -0.04 pass SRT: 1100° C. Inventive Example 32 9 80 830 -0.01 pass hardness: mold Comparative Example was damaged during working
[0078]As shown in Table 3, in our steel sheets, the Δr is within +/-0.10, the dependency of Δr on cold-rolling ratio is low, the variation in Δr due to changes in production conditions is small, and the anisotropy is low.
[0079]On the other hand, in the steel sheets of Comparative Examples, the Δr is 0.26 to 0.33 or -0.13 to -0.25, the dependency of Δr on cold-rolling ratio is high, and the variation in Δr due to changes in production conditions is large. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the steel sheets are inferior in the anisotropy.
[0080]In addition, the production conditions being outside the suitable range cause problems such as occurrence of orange peel and wrinkles and an increase in hardness, which makes, in particular, ironing difficult. The presence of the orange peel and the wrinkle was observed with naked eyes.
Example 2
[0081]Steel slabs including the elements shown in Table 4 were produced and were investigated for the hot-rolling properties and the Ar3 transformation temperature by the same methods as in Example 1 (described in Table 5). The Ar3 transformation temperature of ach steel was within the range of 720 to 860° C.
[0082]Then, only steel slabs determined to have acceptable hot-rolling properties were hot-rolled and then cold rolled under conditions shown in Table 6, followed by recrystallization annealing and temper rolling. The conditions other than those shown in Table 6 were the same as those in Example 1. The recrystallization temperature was investigated by the same method as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 B- Steel Chemical element (mass %) (11/14)N No. C Si Mn P S N Al Nb B Nb/C (ppm) 11 0.0020 0.01 0.18 0.009 0.010 0.0015 0.045 0.019 0.0015 1.2 3 12 0.0020 0.01 0.18 0.009 0.009 0.0025 0.040 0.020 0.0024 1.3 4 13 0.0019 0.01 0.19 0.009 0.011 0.0035 0.043 0.020 0.0031 1.4 4 14 0.0020 0.01 0.17 0.010 0.011 0.0044 0.045 0.018 0.0039 1.2 4 15 0.0019 0.01 0.18 0.010 0.009 0.0010 0.042 0.019 0.0025 1.3 17 16 0.0019 0.01 0.18 0.010 0.009 0.0027 0.044 0.019 0.0020 1.3 <0 17 0.0019 0.01 0.18 0.010 0.009 0.0020 0.042 0.014 0.0019 0.95 3 18 0.0020 0.01 0.17 0.009 0.010 0.0020 0.045 0.017 0.0020 1.1 4 19 0.0019 0.01 0.18 0.009 0.009 0.0019 0.040 0.025 0.0018 1.7 3 20 0.0019 0.01 0.18 0.009 0.011 0.0020 0.043 0.040 0.0020 2.7 4 21 0.0017 0.01 0.17 0.010 0.011 0.0021 0.045 0.055 0.0020 4.2 4 22 0.0018 0.01 0.19 0.008 0.009 0.0020 0.039 0.072 0.0019 5.2 3 23 0.0018 0.01 0.13 0.009 0.010 0.0021 0.041 0.017 0.0020 1.2 4 24 0.0016 tr.* 0.17 0.010 0.010 0.0018 0.042 0.016 0.0017 1.3 3 25 0.0017 0.01 0.21 0.009 0.010 0.0020 0.040 0.017 0.0019 1.3 3 26 0.0017 0.01 0.18 0.010 0.003 0.0019 0.036 0.017 0.0019 1.3 4 27 0.0018 0.01 0.18 0.010 0.012 0.0019 0.038 0.017 0.0018 1.2 3 28 0.0017 0.01 0.18 0.009 0.018 0.0018 0.035 0.018 0.0018 1.4 4 29 0.0012 tr.* 0.17 0.009 0.010 0.0020 0.045 0.016 0.0019 1.7 3 30 0.0020 0.01 0.17 0.008 0.009 0.0021 0.045 0.016 0.0019 1.0 3 31 0.0025 0.01 0.17 0.009 0.008 0.0021 0.045 0.017 0.0020 0.88 4 32 0.0020 0.01 0.17 0.009 0.010 0.0020 0.031 0.017 0.0022 1.1 6 33 0.0019 0.01 0.18 0.009 0.009 0.0019 0.064 0.017 0.0021 1.2 6 34 0.0019 0.01 0.18 0.009 0.011 0.0020 0.082 0.018 0.0019 1.2 3 35 0.0012 tr.* 0.17 0.016 0.009 0.0021 0.043 0.018 0.0022 1.9 6 36 0.0018 0.01 0.17 0.028 0.009 0.0019 0.045 0.019 0.0019 1.4 4 37 0.0022 0.03 0.18 0.009 0.011 0.0022 0.044 0.021 0.0021 1.2 4 *tr.: below the lower limit of determination (Si < 0.008%)
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Hot-rolling property Value (%) of Steel Recrystallization reduction No. temp. (° C.) of area Result Category 11 730 60 pass Inventive Example 12 740 50 pass Inventive Example 13 740 45 pass Inventive Example 14 -- 30 fail Comparative Example 15 860 50 pass Comparative Example 16 720 60 pass Comparative Example 17 750 65 pass Comparative Example 18 750 60 pass Inventive Example 19 800 62 pass Inventive Example 20 820 55 pass Inventive Example 21 830 60 pass Inventive Example 22 860 65 pass Comparative Example 23 -- 70 fail Comparative Example 24 760 60 pass Inventive Example 25 840 40 pass Comparative Example 26 760 55 pass Inventive Example 27 760 55 pass Inventive Example 28 -- 38 fail Comparative Example 29 720 60 pass Inventive Example 30 720 55 pass Inventive Example 31 720 55 pass Comparative Example 32 740 60 pass Inventive Example 33 740 65 pass Inventive Example 34 740 55 pass Comparative Example 35 730 55 pass Inventive Example 36 730 50 pass Comparative Example 37 720 50 pass Comparative Example
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Cold- rolling Annealing Steel ratio temp. No. No. (%) (° C.) Δr Notes Category 41 11 70 750 0.03 Pass Inventive Example 42 11 80 750 0.02 Pass Inventive Example 43 11 85 750 0.01 Pass Inventive Example 44 11 90 750 -0.13 Fail Comparative Example 45 12 70 750 0.02 Pass Inventive Example 46 12 80 750 0.01 Pass Inventive Example 47 12 90 750 -0.12 fail Comparative Example 48 13 82 750 0.0.1 pass Inventive Example 49 15 82 830 0.00 pass hardness: mold Comparative Example was damaged during working 50 16 70 730 0.15 fail Comparative Example 51 16 80 730 0.13 fail Comparative Example 52 16 82 730 0.12 fail Comparative Example 53 17 82 760 0.01 pass wrinkles occurred Comparative Example during working 54 18 82 760 0.02 pass Inventive Example 55 19 82 810 0.01 pass Inventive Example 56 20 82 820 0.00 pass Inventive Example 57 21 82 830 -0.01 pass Inventive Example 58 22 82 830 0.00 pass hardness: mold Comparative Example was damaged during working 59 24 82 760 0.01 pass Inventive Example 60 25 82 830 0.00 pass hardness: mold Comparative Example was damaged during working 61 26 82 760 0.00 pass Inventive Example 62 27 82 760 -0.01 pass Inventive Example 63 29 82 740 0.01 pass Inventive Example 64 30 82 740 0.02 pass Inventive Example 65 31 82 740 0.02 pass wrinkles occurred Comparative Example during working 66 32 82 750 -0.01 pass Inventive Example 67 33 82 750 0.02 pass Inventive Example 68 34 82 750 0.02 pass poor appearance Comparative Example (occurrence of many surface defects due to inclusion) 69 35 82 740 0.01 pass Inventive Example 70 36 82 740 0.01 pass hardness: mold Comparative Example was damaged during working 71 37 82 740 -0.01 pass hardness: mold Comparative Example was damaged during working
[0083]As shown in Table 6, it is confirmed that only when all the composition ranges and the cold-rolling ratio of the present invention are satisfied, the cold-rolled steel sheet can have a Δr within +/-0.10 without other problems.
[0084]Steel sheets having excellent surface properties can be obtained by suppressing deterioration of hot-rolling properties as much as possible and avoiding slab cracking by reducing the anisotropy and the amount of precipitate in a high-temperature range. The steel sheets are thus suitable for deep drawing and can be therefore provided as an excellent steel sheet for, for example, battery cases. Furthermore, the use of the steel sheets are not limited, and the steel sheets can be applied to various uses as a steel sheet having low anisotropy and satisfactory surface properties, for example, as a steel sheet for home appliances and a steel sheet for automobiles.
[0085]In addition, the steel sheets are low in the dependency of Δr on cold-rolling ratio, small in the variation of Δr due to changes in production conditions, and low in the anisotropy and is therefore an industrially useful material in the above-mentioned various uses.
Patent applications by Tadashi Inoue, Tokyo JP
Patent applications by JFE Steel Corporation
Patent applications in class Electric battery cell making
Patent applications in all subclasses Electric battery cell making
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Bay 38, Keystone 23: The Rockets (6-8) held a 12-10 scoring advantage in the second half to salvage the nonleague victory. Claire Werblak scored 13 for Bay.
Boys basketball
Hudson 52, Youngstown East 48: The Explorers (9-4) overcame a 24-22 halftime deficit by outscoring East, 16-8, in the third quarter en route to the nonleague road win. Hudson's Steve Boslet and Zack Brandy scored 17 and 16 points, respectively.
Hawken 54, Cardinal 45: The Hawks (4-8) won the Chagrin Valley Conference crossover game by outscoring host Cardinal, 16-3, in the fourth quarter. Ian Bell's 19 points led all scorers, while Hawken teammate Warren Starks chipped in with 12.