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Overview (Original Project)
The Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi (BASIC) Project is an ongoing stroke surveillance study that began in 1999. BASIC is the only ongoing stroke surveillance project focusing on Mexican Americans. Mexican Americans are the largest segment of the Hispanic American population, the United States' largest minority group. Since the inception of this project, we have assembled a cohort of over 4,992 cerebrovascular disease patients whom we are able to follow for recurrent cerebrovascular events as well as mortality. This gives us tremendous power to detect associations with biological and social risk factors for stroke, important to Mexican Americans as well as the broader United States population. We have demonstrated increased stroke incidence and recurrence in Mexican Americans. Stroke severity and ischemic stroke subtypes are similar between Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. Mortality following stroke appears to be less in Mexican Americans. In the next five years we are positioned to delineate trends in stroke rates, and to explore the potential reasons for the increased stroke burden in Mexican Americans, as well as their improved survival. This information will be critically important to all populations to reduce the devastation of stroke. We will continue to make important observations useful for planning delivery of stroke care in communities. For the first time we will investigate functional and cognitive outcome following stroke in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites.
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Newest Developments
We will now also study the role of health care quality and medication compliance on stroke outcomes. We will collect blood on all stroke patients useful for genetic studies by our group and others, and we have initiated stroke surveillance in a similar community within Mexico that will serve as a great basis for comparison to the Corpus Christi population. BASIC has been a very prolific study with more than 54 original peer-reviewed publications. Indeed, this study is just beginning to provide the rich epidemiologic and clinical data that are necessary to control the epidemic of cerebrovascular disease in Mexican Americans. We know that the next five years will allow us to make contributions that will be directly useful for interventions to reduce health disparities, prevent stroke and improve stroke outcomes in all populations.
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From left to right: Luis Sanchez, Lorie Villarreal, Norma Jean Bullard, Elizabeth Ramirez, Ruth Longoria, Misty Ujhely, Nelda Garcia, Julie Behnke, Belinda Zuniga, Dr. Lewis Morgenstern, Emma Sais, Pamela Arevalo
BASIC Publications 2000-2005 2006-2009 2010-present2000-2005
1. Morgenstern LB, Steffen-Batey L, Smith MA, Moye LA. Barriers to stroke prevention and acute stroke treatment in Mexican Americans. Stroke 2001;32:1360-1364.
2. Piriyawat P, Smajsova M, Smith MA, Pallegar S, Al-Wabil A, Garcia N, Risser JM, Moye LA, Morgenstern LB. Comparison of active and passive surveillance for cerebrovascular disease: The Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi (BASIC) Project. Am J Epidemiol 2002;156:1062-1069.
3. Al-Wabil A, Cox MA, Moye LA, Burgin WS, Morgenstern LB. Improving efficiency of stroke research: The Brain Attack Surveillance In Corpus Christi (BASIC) Study. J Clin Epid 2003;56:351-357.
4. Smith MA, Risser JMH, Lisabeth LD, Moye LA, Morgenstern LB. Access to care, acculturation and risk factors for stroke in Mexican Americans: The Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project. Stroke 2003;34:2671-2675.
5. Smith MA, Risser JMH, Moye LA, Garcia N, Akiwumi O, Uchino K, Morgenstern LB. Designing multi-ethnic stroke studies: The Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi (BASIC) Project. Ethnicity and Disease 2004;14:520-526.
6. Morgenstern LB, Lisabeth LD, Mecozzi AC, Smith MA, Longwell PJ, McFarling DA, Risser JMH. A population-based study of acute stroke and TIA diagnosis. Neurology 2004;62:895-900.
7. Morgenstern LB, Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Risser JMH, Uchino K, Garcia N, Longwell PJ, McFarling DA, Akuwumi O, Al-Wabil A, Al-Senani F, Brown DL, Moyé LA. Excess stroke in Mexican Americans compared with non-Hispanic whites: The Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi (BASIC) Project. Am J Epidemiol 2004;160:376-383
8. Uchino K, Risser JMH, Smith MA, Moye LA, Morgenstern LB. Ischemic Stroke sub-types among Mexican Americans and non Hispanic whites: The Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi (BASIC) project. Neurology 2004;63:574-576.
9. Lisabeth LD, Ireland JK, Risser JMH, Brown DL, Smith MA, Garcia NM, Morgenstern LB. Stroke risk following transient ischemic attack in a population-based setting. Stroke 2004;35:1842-1846.
10. Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Garcia NM, Smith MA, Morgenstern LB. Emergency department evaluation of ischemic stroke and TIA: The BASIC Project. Neurology 2004;63:2250-2254.
11. Lisabeth LD, Kardia LR, Smith MA, Fornage M, Morgenstern LB. Family history of stroke among Mexican-American and non-Hispanic-white patients with stroke and TIA: implications for the feasibility and design of stroke genetics research. Neuroepidemiology 2005;24:96-102.
12. Zahuranec DB, Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Morgenstern LB. Is it time for a large, collaborative study of pediatric stroke? Stroke 2005;36:1825-1829.
13. Lisabeth LD, Smith MA, Brown DL, Uchino K, Morgenstern LB. Family history and stroke outcome in a bi-ethnic, population-based stroke surveillance study. BMC Neurol 2005 5:20.
14. Kass-Hout TA., Moyé LA, Smith MA, Morgenstern LB. A Scoring System for Ascertainment of Incident Stroke; the Risk Index Score (RISc). Methods Inf Med 2006;45:27-36.
15. Lisabeth, LD, Risser JMH, Brown DL, Al-Senani F, Uchino K, Smith MA, Garcia N, Longwell PJ, McFarling DA, Al-Wabil A, Akuwumi O, Moye LA, Morgenstern LB. Stroke burden in Mexican Americans: the impact of mortality following stroke. Ann Epidemiol 2006;16:33-40.
16. Zahuranec DB, Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Gonzales NR, Longwell PJ, Eden SV, Smith MA, Garcia NM, Morgenstern LB. Differences in intracerebral hemorrhage between Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic Whites. Neurology 2006;66:30-34.
17. Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Brown DL, Morgenstern LB. Gender comparisons of diagnostic evaluation for ischemic stroke patients. Neurology 2005;65:855-858.
18. Zahuranec DB, Gonzales NR, Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Longwell PJ, Eden SV, Smith MA, Garcia NM, Hoff JT, Morgenstern LB. Presentation of intracerebral hemorrhage in a community. J Neurol Neurosurg Psych 2006;77:340-344.
19. Caveney AF, Smith MA, Morgenstern LB, Lisabeth LD. Use of death certificates to study ethnic-specific mortality. Pub Health Rep 2006;121:275-281.
20. Brown DL, Boden-Albala B, Langa KM, Lisabeth LD, Fair M, Smith MA, Sacco RL, Morgenstern LB. Projected costs of ischemic stroke: comparison of Hispanics, African-Americans,and whites. Neurology 2006;67:1390-1395.
21. Lisabeth, LD, Smith MA, Brown DL, Moye LA, Risser JMH, Morgenstern LB. Ethnic differences in stroke recurrence. Ann Neurol 2006;60:469-475.
22. Kerber KA, Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Smith MA, Morgenstern LB. Stroke among patients with dizziness, vertigo and imbalance in the emergency department: a population-based study. Stroke 2006:37;2484-2487.
23. Lisabeth LD, Diex Roux AV, Escobar JD, Smith MA, Morgenstern LB. Neighborhood environment and risk of ischemic stroke. Am J Epidemiol 2007;165:279-287.
24. Brown DL, Al-Senani F, Lisabeth LD, Farnie MA, Colletti LA, Langa KM, Fendrick AM, Garcia NM, Smith MA, Morgenstern LB. Defining cause of death in stroke patients: the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project. Am J Epidemiol 2007 165:591-596.
25. Gonzales NR, Brown DL, Maddox KE, Conley KM, Espinosa N, Pary JK, Karim AP, Moyé LA, Grotta JC, Morgenstern LB. Kids Identifying and Defeating Stroke (KIDS): Design of a School Based Intervention to Improve Stroke Awareness. Ethn Dis 2007: Spring;17:320-326.
26. Zahuranec DB, Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Gonzales NR, Longwell PJ, Smith MA, Garcia N, Morgenstern LB. Early care limitations independently predict mortality after intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology 2007;68:1651-1657.
27. Morgenstern LB, Gonzales NR, Maddox KE, Brown DL, Karim AP, Espinosa N, Moyé LA, Pary JK, Grotta JC, Lisabeth LD, Conley KM. A Randomized, controlled trial to teach middle school children to recognize stroke and call 911: The Kids Identifying and Defeating Stroke project (KIDS). Stroke 2007;38:2972-2978.
28. Majersik JJ, Smith MA, Zahuranec DB, Sánchez BN, Morgenstern LB. Population-based analysis of the impact of expanding the time window for acute stroke treatment. Stroke , Stroke 2007 38:3213-7.
29. Conley, KM, Majersik JJ, Gonzales GR, Maddox KE, Pary JK, Brown DL, Moye LA, Espinosa N, Grotta JC, Morgenstern LB. Kids identifying and defeating stroke (KIDS): Development and implementation of a multi-ethnic health education intervention to increase stroke awareness among middle school students and their parents. Health Promotion Practice , 2008 Mar 10 [Epub ahead of print].
30. Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Chetcuti SJ, Grossman PM, Alexander T, Pappas JD, Moscucci M, Eagle KA, Garcia NM, Smith MA, Morgenstern LB. Screening for myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke: A population-based study. Neuroepidemiology 2007;29:96-100.
31. Zahuranec DB, Morgenstern LB, Garcia NM, Conley KM, Lisabeth LD, Rank GS, Smith MA, Meurer WJ, Resnicow K, Brown DL. Stroke health and risk education (SHARE) pilot project: feasibility and need for church-based stroke health promotion in a bi-ethnic community. Stroke 2008;39:1583-1585.
32. Lisabeth LD, Peyser PA, Long JC, Majerisk JJ, Smith MA, Morgenstern LB. Stroke among siblings in a bi-ethnic community. Neuroepidemiol 2008;31:33-38.
33. Lisabeth LD, Escobar JD, Dvonch JT, Sanchez BN, Majersik JJ, Brown DL, Smith MA, Morgenstern LB. Ambient air pollution and risk of ischemic stroke and TIA. Ann Neurol 2008; 64: 53-59.
34. Lisabeth LD, Smith MA, Sánchez BN, Brown DL. Ethnic disparities in stroke and hypertension among women: the BASIC project. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21:778-783.
35. Eden SV, Meurer WJ, Sánchez BN, Lisabeth LD, Smith MA, Brown DL, Morgenstern LB. Gender and ethnic differences in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurology 2008; 2;71:731-735.
36. Meurer WJ, Sánchez BN, Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Majersik JJ, Brown DL, Uchino K, Bonikowski FP, Mendizabal JE, Zahuranec DB, Morgenstern LB. Predicting ischaemic stroke subtype from presenting systolic blood pressure: the BASIC Project. J Intern Med 2009;265:388-396
37. Morgenstern LB, Escobar JD, Sánchez BN, Hughes R, Zuniga BG, Garcia N, Lisabeth LD. Fast food and neighborhood stroke risk. Ann Neurol 2009; 66:165-170.
38. Zahuranec DB, Brown DL, Lisabeth LD,Gonzales NR, PJ Longwell, Smith MA, Garcia NM, Morgenstern LB. Ethnic differences in do-not-resuscitate orders after intracerebral hemorrhage. Crit Care Med 2009; 37: 2807-2811.
2010 - present
39. Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Bonikowski F, Morgenstern LB. The role of ethnicity, sex, and language on delay to hospital arrival for acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 2010;41:905-909.
40. Lisabeth LD, Sánchez BN, Escobar J, Hughes R, Meurer WJ, Zuniga B, Garcia N, Brown DL, Morgenstern LB. The food environment in an urban Mexican American community. Health and Place 2010; 16:598-605.
41. Skolarus LE, Sánchez BN, Morgenstern LB, Garcia NM, Smith MA, Brown DL, Lisabeth LD. Validity of proxies and correction for proxy use when evaluating social determinants of health in stroke patients. Stroke 2010;41:510-515.
42. Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Bonikowski F, Morgenstern LB. The Role of Ethnicity, Sex and Language on Delay to Hospital Arrival for Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2010; 41:905-909.
43. Cantu-Brito C, Majersik JJ, Sanchez BN Ruano A, Quiñónez G, Arbola J, Morgenstern LB. Hospitalized stroke surveillance in the community of Durango Mexico—the Brain Attack Surveillance in Durango (BASID) Study. Stroke 2010; 41: 878-884.
44. Zahuranec DB, Morgenstern LB, Sánchez BN, Resnicow K, White DB, Hemphill JC 3rd. Do-not-resuscitate orders and predictive models after intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology. 2010;75:626-633.
45. Simpson JR, Zahuranec DB, Lisabeth LD, Sánchez BN, Skolarus LE, Mendizabal JE, Smith MA, Garcia NM, Morgenstern LB. Mexican Americans with atrial fibrillation have more recurrent strokes than do non-Hispanic whites. Stroke 2010;41:2132-2136.
46. Kerber KA, Burke JF, Brown DL, Meurer WJ, Smith MA, Lisabeth LD, Morgenstern LB, Zahuranec DB. Does intracerebral hemorrhage mimic benign dizziness presentations? A population based study. Emerg Med J 2012; 29: 43-46.
47. Cantu-Brito C, Majersik JJ, Sánchez BN, Ruano A, Becerra-Mendoza D, Wing JJ, Morgenstern LB. Door-to-Door Capture of Incident and Prevalent Stroke Cases in Durango, Mexico: The Brain Attack Surveillance in Durango Study. Stroke 2011;42:601-606.
48. Skolarus LE, Lisabeth LD, Sánchez BN, Smith MA, Garcia NM, Risser, Morgenstern LB. The Prevalence of Spirituality, Optimism, Depression, and Fatalism in a Bi-ethnic Stroke Population. J Relig Health 2010 Dec 24. [Epub ahead of print]
49. Lisabeth LD, Morgenstern LB, Wing JJ, Sanchez BN, Zahuranec DB, Skolarus LE, Burke JF, Kleerekoper M, Smith MA, Brown DL. Poststroke Fractures in A Bi-ethnic Community. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2011 Feb 18. [Epub ahead of print]
50. Lisabeth LD, Morgenstern LB, Burke DT, Sun YV, Long JC. Ancestral heterogeneity in a biethnic stroke population. Ann Hum Genet. 2011;75:508-515.
51. Morgenstern, LB, Sánchez BN, Skolarus LE, Garcia N, Risser JMH, Wing JJ, Smith MA, Zahuranec DB, Lisabeth LD. Fatalism, optimism, spirituality, depressive symptoms and stroke outcome: A population-based analysis. Stroke 2011;42:3518-3523.
52. Skolarus LE, Lisabeth LD, Morgenstern LB, Burgin W, Brown DL. Sleep Apnea Risk Among Mexican American and Non-Hispanic White Stroke Survivors. Stroke 2012;43:1143-1145.
53. Sealy-Jefferson S, Wing JJ, Sánchez BN, Brown DL, Meurer WJ, Smith MA, Morgenstern LB, Lisabeth LD. Age- and Ethnic-Specific Sex Differences in Stroke Risk. Gend Med 2012; 9: 121-128.
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« Ambulances or Troop Carriers? | Main | Slow Posting »
July 28, 2006
A Matter of Time?
A few years ago, a Muslim man shot up an El Al (Israeli airline) counter at LAX. Authorities said it wasn't terrorism.
A few years ago, two Muslim men went on a sniping spree in the Washington, DC area, killing several. Authorities said it wasn't terrorism.
Now a Muslim man has shot several Jewish women in Seattle, killing at least one. Undoubtedly, authorities will say it wasn't terrorism. (They have already said that there is no indication the shooter was linked to a terrorist organization. Their powers of investigation must be superhuman.)
The problem with these kinds of denials by the authorities is that people have a sense of self-preservation, and they're not idiots. Why is that a problem? What is the smallest group that we can act against and still be safe from this kind of attack? The authorities seem to be letting it narrow down to "Muslim men", because they are not facing up to the reality of what kind of people are committing these attacks.
My bet: we'll soon learn that the shooter in Seattle was from a middle-class to wealthy family, and was entirely secular, but started attending a Saudi-funded mosque and became very religious and pious, and also quite judgmental. That has, after all, been pretty much the pattern of this kind of attack in the US and Europe to date.
But the thing is, these attacks will almost certainly continue, and intensify. And then when we decide to take preventive measures, because it's becoming crystal clear that the government doesn't have the stomach for it, against whom will we turn? Not against just the actual terrorists, because we don't have any information on who they are. Instead, we will turn against Muslims in general, because we can't get much closer than that, and the authorities won't get that close.
I hope I am wrong, but I fear that it is just a matter of time until there start to be actual attacks on Muslims in the US, rather than just in CAIR's fever dreams.
UPDATE: What I fear right now is this: "But this guy does belong to a "larger organization", the largest terror organization in the world called ISLAM."
And this: "If anyone practices Islam they are a terrorist, again pure and simple. Time to get all of them out of the country, voluntary or by force, including deadly force. This shows you can't trust any of the slime balls."
If these comments become widespread belief, there will be much more blood shed than is necessary. We have to take our PC blinkers off — that is to say, the government has to do so — and solve the problem of figuring out which are the dangerous fanatics in our midst. Otherwise, eventually, people will take matters into their own hands. And in the end, vigilantism is both effective at solving the original problems, and dangerous for any innocents in the wrong place, or wrong skin, at the wrong time. I'd rather avoid that, thanks.
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You might find this hard to believe, but I'd rather avoid it too.
The problem is that Islam itself is a toxic ideology. Perhaps most of those who describe themselves as Muslims don't accept all its exhortations to jihad, but in confrontation with their Muslim brethren who do, they are religiously handicapped and intellectually disarmed. When we add Islam's command to stand with one's brother Muslims against all "infidels," regardless of the merits, the matter becomes critical.
Quarantine has become imperative. The alternative is genocide.
"Take your choice, there is no other -- and your time is running out." (Ayn Rand)
Posted by: Francis W. Porretto at July 29, 2006 4:11 AM
The time will come that *anyone* who is devoutly religous will be considered dangerous. The US has a terrible track record on the protection of non-mainstream religion. (Of course, mainstream religion is fast becoming nondenominational and nonbelieving, anyway.)
So I would take the ? off your title.
Posted by: queuno at July 29, 2006 1:05 PM
We have to...solve the problem of figuring out which are the dangerous fanatics in our midstCan it be solved? Short of Orwellian monitoring, how do you identify more than a tiny fraction of the people the intend to commit any crime, let alone terrorism?
Anyone with half a brain and a complete disregard for the consequences can create a lot of havoc.
Posted by: Anonymous at September 1, 2006 11:52 PM

subset: commoncrawl


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Is there anything better or worse than talk of LeBron James coming back to Cleveland?
James said in an interview with GQ Magazine that he would consider returning to play with the Cleveland Cavaliers in the future if the fans accepted him back.
What about Art Modell? Modell, who owned and moved the Browns out of Cleveland, is in the same category as James when it comes to Cleveland sports personalities who left this city.
You can only pick one. So who would you never want to see back in Cleveland?


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Directors of Human Resources in the United States with more than 10 years of experience in their profession represent between two-thirds and three-fourths of Directors of Human Resources. Salaries average out to around $88K annually and spread from $53K to $150K per year. In the world of Directors of Human Resources, overall income ranges from $53K near the bottom to $150K at the top; this can include more than $28K from bonuses and more than $15K from profit sharing in exceptional cases. Geographic location is the biggest factor affecting pay for this group, followed by experience level. Most Directors of Human Resources survey respondents are women (78 percent). Most enjoy medical while a strong majority get dental coverage. Vision coverage is also available to the larger part. Most Directors of Human Resources report high levels of job satisfaction. Figures cited in this summary are based on replies to PayScale's salary questionnaire.
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Human resources directors are responsible for guiding and managing the overall activities of their companies' human resources (HR) departments. These responsibilities include managing HR services and policies along with programs for the entire company. HR directors serve as advocates who ensures that all company and employee interactions are handled in a fair and consistent manner. Other responsibilities generally include recruiting, orientation, development and training of new employees, payroll processing, and salary and benefit administration. HR directors are also responsible for employee relations and policy development along with performance improvement. They generally report directly to the CEO (or other executive staff members) and are responsible for compliance with all regulatory concerns.Read More...
HR directors must place high values on confidentiality, integrity and ethics. They must also be able to function within their HR team and operate in a service environment where there is high demand and expectations for delivering coworker and customer service. Confidence and being a team leader are key for people in these kinds of positions. HR directors must have strong organizational, leadership and communication skills in addition to self discipline, good judgement and flexibility. They are usually required to hold at least a bachelor's degree in personnel management or a related field. Some companies require special certifications and sometimes a master's degree or extensive related work experience.
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Though some Directors of Human Resources move into positions like Chief Human Resources Officer (where the average salary is $159K), this progression is not the norm. More often than not, a Human Resources Director role is the next step for Directors of Human Resources moving up in the field. Pay for Human Resources Directors is usually $79K. Many Directors of Human Resources choose to take on a VP of Human Resources role instead, where salaries are typically $136K.
Directors of Human Resources seem to wield many skills on the job. Most notably, skills in Business Strategy, Strategic Planning, Organizational Development, and People Management are correlated to pay that is above average, with boosts between 9 percent and 12 percent. Skills that seem to negatively impact pay include Payroll Administration, Benefits Administration, and Training. For most people, competency in Benefits & Compensation indicates knowledge of Legal Compliance and Recruiting.
Median of all compensation (including tips, bonus, and overtime) by years of experience.
For many Directors of Human Resources, experience and pay levels seem to be correlated; more years in the business generally lead to more money. Survey participants with less than five years' experience pocket $60K on average, but those with five to 10 years of experience enjoy a much bigger median of $81K. Directors of Human Resources with one to two decades of relevant experience report an average salary of approximately $97K. Veterans who have surpassed the 20-year mark may make only slightly more than those who are navigating the mid-career stage; the more senior group reports median earnings of around $107K.
San Francisco is home to an above-average pay rate for Directors of Human Resources, 50 percent higher than the national average. Directors of Human Resources can also look forward to large paychecks in cities like New York (+32 percent), Houston (+21 percent), Seattle (+20 percent), and Chicago (+19 percent). Miami is home to the smallest salaries in the field, lagging the national average by 11 percent.
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The American judicial system is far from perfect, but at it's best it can be a mighty weapon in the fight for justice and equality. This is one of those cases. When I think of these two poor guys being screwed out of one inch of mushy, flavorless bread and pre-sliced 'lunchmeat' topped with unripened vegetables...my heart aches. Then I remember that this is New Jersey and you can't swing a salami without hitting a decent deli and my heart aches once more with the desire to slap their lawyer.
• Coverage of the trial of the century


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H. Perez Montas
International Social Security Review, vol.59, Apr.-June 2006, p.105-116
The Dominican Republic introduced a new state pension scheme based on individual savings accounts in 2003, replacing a pay-as-you-go defined benefit scheme run by the Dominican Institute of Social Insurance. Under the new scheme, 5% of salaries are paid into individual savings accounts in the first year, rising to 8% in the fifth year of operation. Workers become eligible for a pension on reaching 60 years of age, with a minimum of 30 years of contributions. In an economy characterised by temporary or seasonal work, the requirement of 30 years of contributions is feasible only for workers in the formal sector of the economy; as a result, most workers qualify only for the minimum pension. The new system was implemented a few months before a crisis hit the financial and banking sector which had a serious impact on the national economy, generating hyperinflation and unemployment.
J. B. Williamson, S.A. Howling, and M.L. Maroto
Journal of Aging Studies, vol.20, 2006, p.165-175
This paper describes Russia's old age pension system prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union and outlines the new scheme currently being implemented. This is based on the three-pillar World Bank model and consists of 1) a government-funded pay-as-you-go (PAYG) basic pillar; 2) a second pillar made up of an unfunded defined contribution element combined with a funded defined contribution component both financed by mandatory insurance contributions; and 3) a voluntary supplementary insurance pillar. The authors go on to explore why Russia adopted a model for pension provision promoted by the World Bank.. Reasons include economic pressure from international financial institutions, the influence of a network of neo-liberal economists and pensions experts associated with the World Bank, and the need for Russia to gain legitimacy in world society.


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Council discusses stormwater financing
MARTINSBURG – Martinsburg City Council members discussed applying for a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency grant to do a Stormwater Management Financing Feasibility Study, during a special council meeting Monday.
"The ultimate goal of the stormwater financing study is to recommend a long-term dedicated funding stream that is equitable and effective in generating sufficient revenue for the city to maintain a comprehensive stormwater program," the draft application states.
Part of the reason for the funding stream is to establish a stormwater management utility and to staff the agency.
The total grant application is for $66,675, of which the EPA would contribute $50,000 and the city would contribute $16,675.
The grant would be awarded through the Chesapeake Bay Regulatory and Accountability Program.
Martinsburg is in the Potomac River watershed, which is a major tributary of the Chesapeake Bay.
The EPA has mandated dramatic reductions in nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment pollutants getting into the bay via its tributaries.
One area targeted by the EPA's mandates is stormwater runoff.
In December 2013, Martinsburg council members passed a new stormwater management ordinance that brings the city into compliance with the EPA's mandates.
Martinsburg also is an MS4 community. MS4 is Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System. Berkeley County and the West Virginia Division of Highways also are considered MS4 communities.
As an MS4 community, the city must get a permit from the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection for its stormwater management program. Part of the permitting process includes a five-year stormwater management plan.
"We're in the third year of our second five-year plan," City Manager Mark Baldwin told council members Monday. "We're getting to the point where we must look seriously at the management of our program."
The program includes education and public outreach, policing illicit discharges, inspecting development sites during and after construction, and in-house management of stormwater management of municipal properties, he said.
"Other communities have created stormwater utilities," Baldwin said. "By state statute, we can establish stormwater utilities by ordinance, and we can establish a funding source (for the utility). We've been taking care of the program through our general budget (and staff)."
He said that 11 communities in West Virginia, including municipalities, counties and public service districts, have created stormwater management utilities that charge a fee.
"No one is promoting a fee or a new department," Baldwin emphasized. "The study will determine whether that is what we should do. It will evaluate where the program will take us and what it will cost us."
The study would review the city's MS4 program and its compliance with the requirements, said Matt Pennington, the Region 9 Planning and Development Council's Chesapeake Bay Program Coordinator.
"The study will look at staffing," Pennington said Monday. "Do you have the capacity to handle what you said you would do (in the MS4 permit) and do you have the funding to do it? If not, the study will find revenue sources."
Councilman Jason Baker was skeptical.
"The study is to justify a new agency," he said. "I'm against a new department and a new tax. The purpose of the study is to justify a new department, staff and fees."
Steve Knipe, director of the city's water and sewer department, said that in the third phase of the MS4 permit, the requirements will get more stringent.
"The program is to meet certain requirements and we're not going to meet those requirements with the funding we've got," he said.
Council members voted unanimously to put the application for the grant on the agenda for their next regular meeting, at which time they will vote whether to apply for the grant.
The next regular meeting of the City Council is June 12.
– Staff writer John McVey can be reached at 304-263-3381, ext. 128.


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Our bedside table's weathered matte black finish is accented with hints of gold, giving it the artfully aged look of an Italian antique. A stepped picture-frame molding outlines its drawer front, and a single shelf provides a spot for displaying books or keepsakes.
This is a general shipping item.
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We cannot accept returns on monogrammed, personalized, made to order items, or on items damaged through normal wear and tear. We also cannot accept returns of final-sale items which are identified by a price which ends in .99.
For returns of items purchased from your Pottery Barn registry, we will gladly provide a refund or exchange for the merchandise within 90 days of your event or within 90 days of purchase, whichever date is later.
You may return merchandise through the mail for a refund or replacement. For detailed procedures for returning items through the mail, please contact Customer Service at 1.888.779.5176, 7 days a week, 5:00am - 9:00pm (PT).
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The Winchester Town Access Plan is a strategy which sets out a shared vision for how access to facilities and services within the town will be improved. The Plan was developed jointly by Hampshire County Council and Winchester City Council.
A public consultation process took place in Autumn 2010 and a document setting out responses received is available above.
The Hampshire Local Transport Plan sets out the role of Access Plans and how they will guide the longer term vision and strategies covering all modes of transport within larger settlements such as Winchester.
Winchester faces a number of factors which combine to give it traffic levels and problems far beyond that which would normally be associated with a town of its size. It experiences many of the problems associated with that of an ancient city centre such as narrow ancient streets and footways that allow little scope for improving provision for road users and pedestrians.
The Access Plan focuses on improving accessibility and air quality, reducing the level of traffic in the city centre and therefore improving the situation in terms of localised congestion.
Whilst traffic levels have remained fairly stable since the 1990's infill development in the town has brought additional pressures in terms of car parking and available road space. It is therefore important that future development is used to influence how the town develops in terms of accessibility.
The Access Plan needs to reflect and support other strategies, plans and policies already in place regarding the town and access including the Town Forum's vision.
The four key Aims of the Access Plan are:
In order to achieve the aims of the Access Plan action is required in key areas. These are identified as eight strategic priorities:


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Another morning with some slippery roads is possible Wednesday. The National Weather Service issued a Freezing Rain Advisory, in effect from 7 to 10 a.m.
The frozen precipitation would come after a little snow this morning caused most Hunterdon schools to have delayed openings.
West central New Jersey and the suburbs northwest of Philadelphia is the location covered by the advisory.
"The precipitation will be arriving during the morning commute," NWS noted. "There is likely to be an overlap period with surface temperatures at or below freezing as the rain is falling, making it freeze on contact. The chances for freezing rain will decrease as the morning progresses and end by late morning."
Roads and sidewalks from which the salt has run off today will be slippery and hazardous, NWS warned.
Morning temperatures are expected to drop to around 22 by sunrise tomorrow in the Flemington area, slowly rising through the morning to possibly reach 40 or a little above in the afternoon.
More Hunterdon County news: NJ.com/hunterdon • Facebook • Twitter


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PA High School art a benefit for Serenity House
Port Angeles High School has provided 38 soup bowls, crafted by the art class, to benefit homeless families and individuals through Serenity House of Clallam County.
The glazed handmade pottery bowls are available this Saturday, June 16, at the Port Angeles Farmers Market for a donation to Serenity House.
"This marks the fourth year that PAHS students have contributed their art work to help their neighbors who don't have housing," said Brad Collins, Deputy Director of Serenity House.
"For some people, the PAHS Serenity House bowls have become a collector item."
The Farmers Market is located downtown in the Gateway Plaza. Bowls will be available beginning at 10 a.m.
Serenity House is a grassroots non-profit, dedicated to preventing and ending homelessness in Clallam County.
For more information, call Collins 452-1439 or e-mail to: firstname.lastname@example.com.
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I. Traynor
The Guardian, Feb. 10th 2012, p. 3
English students were discovering the possibilities of swapping university life at home for a quite difference experience on the continent - without the inconvenience of having to speak a foreign language. As of February 2012, 255 Britons had applied for places at Maastricht University in Holland, two-and-a-half times the comparable figure a year earlier. Four years earlier there were 18 British students in Maastricht. The figure is 163 in 2012 and that could double. Money was a factor: swingeing tuition fees were thought to be behind a 8,500 drop in the number of 18-year-olds applying for university places in England in 2012, according to recent figures.
R. Roberts and others
University and College Union, 2012
The number of full-time undergraduate courses on offer at UK universities has fallen by more than a quarter (27%) since 2006, according to this report. Despite an increase in student numbers, this report reveals the number of undergraduate courses available has decreased from 70,052 in 2006 to 51,116 in 2012. The report analysed data from the universities admission service, UCAS, to determine which areas of the UK have been hit hardest in course reduction, with large disparities emerging between regions and each of the home nations.
URL: http://www.ucu.org.uk/media/pdf/d/k/Choice_cuts.pdf
G. Paton and T. Ross
Daily Telegraph, Feb. 3rd 2012, p. 2
Prof. Les Ebdon, nominated as the coalition's preferred choice as head of the Office for Fair Access, said he would impose huge financial penalties on universities which failed to recruit enough students from poor backgrounds. His comments were likely to provoke anger among Conservative MPs.
T. Ross
Daily Telegraph, Feb. 14th 2012, p. 2
The Prime Minister admitted that he was powerless to prevent the appointment of controversial academic Prof. Les Ebdon as head of the Office for Fair Access. Prof. Ebdon was nominated for the post by the Liberal Democrat business secretary Vince Cable, but his appointment was opposed by leading Conservatives. Prof. Ebdon was an outspoken critic of the Coalition Government's universities policy and of slow progress in widening the social mix of students at elite institutions.
(See also Daily Telegraph, Feb. 8th 2012, p. 2; Daily Telegraph, Feb. 9th 2012, p. 1 + 2; Daily Telegraph, Feb. 13th 2012, p. 2; Daily Telegraph, Feb. 15th 2012, p. 1 + 2)
R. Winnett and T. Ross
Daily Telegraph, Feb. 16th 2012, p. 1 + 2
The business secretary Vince Cable had planned to introduce a surcharge for graduates who repaid their student loans within 30 years of leaving university. A graduate repaying a £40,000 loan could have had to pay a penalty of £2,000. The scheme was dropped after the Prime Minister agreed to allow Mr Cable to appoint the controversial academic Prof. Les Ebdon as university admissions tsar.
(See also Daily Telegraph, Feb. 17th 2012, p. 12)
Business, Innovation and Skills Committee
London: TSO, 2012 (House of Commons papers, session 2010/12; HC 1811) All higher education institutions which intend to charge more than the basic £6000 annual graduate contribution have to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the independent Director what more they will do to attract students from under-represented and disadvantaged groups. The Government's White Paper on Higher Education Reform, Students at the Heart of the System, announced proposals to strengthen both the powers of the Office for Fair Access (OFFA) and the role of the independent Director, so that it could 'provide more active and energetic challenge and support to universities and colleges'. The preferred candidate for the post was Prof. Les Ebdon, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Bedfordshire. While he demonstrated an all-round understanding of widening participation, the Committee was not convinced by Professor Ebdon's descriptions of the root causes of the obstacles to accessing universities. Therefore, it had to question his evidence in respect of two of the criteria for selection, namely 'promote the strengths of the arguments in face of opposition' and 'communicate persuasively and publicly, with excellent presentational stills'. It was therefore unable to endorse the appointment of Professor Ebdon as the Director of OFFA and recommended that the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills conducted a new recruitment exercise.
O. Goldhill
Daily Telegraph, Feb 6th 2012, p. 12-13
Despite government pressure on universities to become more diverse, it emerged that well-qualified candidates from fee-paying schools had around a 25% better chance than those from state schools of winning a place at Oxford University in 2011. It also emerged that Black and Asian pupils with good grades had a significantly lower acceptance rate than their White counterparts. The disclosure came amid continuing criticism of admissions systems at elite universities.
P. Wintour
The Guardian, Feb. 17th 2012, p. 2
Growing Conservative anger over the way in which universities may be asked to play a role in promoting social mobility is likely to be reignited by proposals due shortly from Alan Milburn. The former Labour cabinet minister is now the independent reviewer of social mobility and child poverty for the coalition government. Milburn is due to publish three reports in the next few months, including one focused on the role of higher education, and specifically the extent to which admissions policies should take greater account of applicants' backgrounds. Milburn has been a strong advocate of universities looking not just at an applicant's prior attainment, in terms of raw exam results, but also the context in which the pupil achieved those results, including the average grade at the school.
E. Norris
London: Royal Society of Arts, 2012
This report warns that universities are marginalising mathematical content in the delivery of degree courses because English students are not capable of studying it. For instance, in the social sciences, quantitative research methods may be neglected. English universities are also not keeping pace with international standards. It is common among universities overseas to require advanced mathematical qualifications for acceptance on relevant degree courses. The failure to develop quantitative skills and content adequately has the potential to damage the standing of some English degree courses among international students and to disadvantage English graduates in the global marketplace. The report recommends creating a two-stage maths qualification at GCSE level: one for more advanced students and the other promoting practical numeracy skills. It also says that the government should consider making maths compulsory up to the age of 18.
S. Malik
The Guardian, Feb 13th 2012, p. 12
The National Union of Students was planning a countrywide campus walkout to fight government reforms to higher education, which its president described as a 'con'. A circular sent to NUS members said the national walkout would be part of a week of action 'to demonstrate to vice-chancellors and principals that students will not stand by and let the coalition government press ahead with its destructive policies to sell off and privatise our universities and colleges'.
G. Paton
Daily Telegraph, Jan. 31st 2012, p. 8
The number of British students applying to start university in 2012 fell by about 9% compared to 2011 following the rise in tuition fees to up to £9,000 per year. Applications from students living in the richest 20% of areas, who were not eligible for any of the grants and fee-waivers offered to insulate poorer candidates from the fees increase, fell more significantly than those in poor postcodes. Three quarters of elite universities saw a drop in demand, while applications to many cheaper colleges and private universities increased.
G. Paton
Daily Telegraph, Feb. 23rd 2012, p. 6
Growing numbers of universities were dropping standalone courses in subjects such as science, foreign languages and the humanities because of a squeeze on budgets. They prioritised profitable courses with large numbers of applicants instead of traditional disciplines. Overall, the number of full-time undergraduate courses in Britain fell by 27% between 2006 and 2012. In England, in the face of the biggest rise in tuition fees, the number of degree subjects fell by almost a third. In Scotland, where tuition was free, courses were down by just 3%.
R. Garner
The Independent, Feb. 3rd 2012, p. 2
The article reports on the combined effects of higher tuition fees, stricter visa regulations, and cases of violence on the power of UK HE institutions to attract foreign students. There has been a 9.9% drop in applications to study at UK universities in 2012. Many EU students are being deterred by the higher fees, whilst overseas students are finding new visa regulations cumbersome.
R. Mason and J. Kirkup
Daily Telegraph, Feb. 20th 2012, p. 1 + 2
In an escalation of the Coalition government internal row over admissions, a group of senior Conservatives said that Liberal Democrat-driven plans to make universities take account of applicants' backgrounds were tantamount to social engineering. The MPs demanded a major overhaul of the admission rules, including the abolition of the Ucas points system used to score the value of A-levels and other qualifications. They also called for changes in the way that state schools prepared children for university application, and suggested a new scheme for using state funding to send bright children from poor homes to independent schools.


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OCU Harp Instructor Profiled in Sunday Oklahoman Feature
Gaye LeBlanc, instructor of harp at Oklahoma City University and principal harpist with the Oklahoma City Philharmonic, is profiled in the Jan. 17, 2010 editions of the Sunday Oklahoman as an example of someone unafraid of making a change.
"One should never underestimate a person's determination to succeed after being advised to consider another career option," Rick Rogers wrote of LeBlanc. As an undergraduate majoring in piano, she was advised to try another option, and turned to harp.
"I was happy to practice four or five hours a day because I just loved it so much," she told Rogers. "My dad always told me to pick something you love so much that you'd do it for free."
LeBlanc studied two summers at Boston University's Tanglewood Institute and five summers at the Salzedo School, with Alice Chalifoux. She earned her bachelor's in harp performance from University of North Texas and her master's from Southern Methodist University.
In the interview, LeBlanc cited the donation of Lyon & Healy harps at Oklahoma City University and University of Oklahoma by Wanda Bass, patron and namesake of OCU's Bass School of Music. She will perform a concert entitled "Harp and Friends" at 3 p.m. Jan. 24 at University of Oklahoma's Catlett Music Center, 500 W Boyd in Norman, with organist John Schwandt, flutist Valerie Watts and violist Mark Neumann.
LeBlanc noted the harp has a 6½-octave range and has seven pedals, "so you also have to make sure your hands and feet are all working in sync. When the pedaling is correct, I feel I can let go and be musically expressive. I've been doing this for 22 years now, and it continues to challenge me every day."
For the entire article, visit http://www.newsok.com/switching-from-piano-gratifies-harpist/article/3432341?custom_click=pod_lead_arts#ixzz0coo4Uj0k


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Landland "Weird Glyph" T-Shirts
$15.00 / Coming Soon
Landland "Weird Glyph" T-Shirts
Details: Printed by hand on American Apparel unisex tees • Available in two colors ("Sea Foam" or "Camel"), in a variety of sizes.
American Apparel shirt sizes seem to run a little smaller than most other brands...for specific size information, check out this size chart
Postage paid within North America. Int'l orders, add $5.00
Illustration & Design: Jessica Seamans & Dan Black


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A Des Allemands couple has filed a recall petition against St. Charles Parish Councilman Paul Hogan.
Stanley and Melinda Hebert's petition was received by certified mail Monday, said Jacques Berry, spokesman for the secretary of state's office.
Stanley Hebert said Tuesday he would discuss the reasons for the recall petition later this week.
Hogan declined to speculate on the matter. "I have no comment because I don't know what it's about, " he said Tuesday.
To get the recall issue on the ballot, the Heberts have until Nov. 9 to obtain 1,325 signatures, or a third of "active" voters in the council's 4th District, on the petition, according to parish Registrar of Voters Brian Champagne.
If the issue makes it onto the ballot, a majority of voters would decide Hogan's fate.
According to state law, voters classified as "inactive, " meaning that they have not voted in recent elections, also may sign the petition if they are eligible to vote in the district.
The district includes the Paradis, Des Allemands and Bayou Gauche communities, as well as a small portion of Boutte.
Hogan, who defeated incumbent Derryl Walls in 2007, drew the ire of some residents after he tried to rename Bayou Estates Drive South in Bayou Gauche against the wishes of most residents on the street. Hogan said the name was causing confusion with the adjacent Bayou Estates Drive, and could present a safety problem for residents if emergency responders were confused by the similar street names.
More recently, he angered other residents by opposing the parish Library Board's plans to put a new library in a vacant restaurant in Paradis.
Hogan said he wants a newly built library. The Library Board members, who originally were told that it would take $3 million to $5 million and several years to build a new library, are re-evaluating their decision in light of falling construction prices.
Recalling an elected official is not an easy proposition. The names of those who sign such a petition are public record, and they can change their minds.
If enough signatures are generated and certified by the parish registrar of voters, the governor must call a special election to let the voters decide.
The last recall petition in St. Charles Parish was in 1988 and resulted in the ouster of School Board member Eual J. Landry Jr. Voters were angry about Landry's role in an unpopular redrawing of elementary school attendance zones on the West Bank.
The latest successful recall petition in the New Orleans area was in 2007, and resulted in the ouster of three alderman in Folsom, a village in St. Tammany Parish.
A 2008 recall drive against beleaguered Mandeville Mayor Eddie Price fizzled in February after it failed to generate enough signatures to put the issue on the ballot. St. Bernard Parish President Craig Taffaro is currently the subject of a recall drive.
. . . . . . .
Matt Scallan can be reached at email@example.com or 985.652.0953.


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Home >> Write >> Health >> Mens Health Issues >> Bronchitis
Bronchitis means inflammation/irritation of the upper airways (tracheobronchial tree). The cause is usually infectious, but other causes include allergens, irritants (smog) and smoke. Bronchitis typically occurs following an upper respiratory tract infection. These infections are more common during the winter months and are often mistaken for asthma. Bronchitis affects all age groups, ethnic groups and affects women slightly more than men. Bronchitis may be acute or chronic.
In the US, close to 15-18 million individuals are diagnosed with acute bronchitis each year. This condition is one of the most common reasons for younger and older individuals going to the emergency room. In most cases of acute bronchitis, the disorder lasts for a few days and is self limited. It does account for a common reason for school absenteeism. Acute bronchitis is a common disorder in young children and is caused by numerous viruses (Influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus) and sometimes bacteria.
Chronic bronchitis is a common manifestation in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and is a leading cause of death in North America. About 10 million Americans are affected by some degree of chrnoic bronchitis and each year more than 40,000 individuals die from complications related to COPD. Chronic bronchitis is a clinical diagnosis characterized by a productive cough for over three months' duration during two consecutive years. Additionally, these individuals have poor lung function and exercise endurance. Chronic bronchitis is a much more serious disorder than the acute variety. The excess mucus and sputum production causes difficulty with breathing and also leads to destruction of the airways over time. Unlike the acute disorder, chronic bronchitis is associated with cigarette smoking. The majority of individuals with chronic bronchitis have a smoking history. In chronic bronchitis, there is definitive worsening of the lung function which can easily be documented. These lung changes remain even 10 years after individuals have stopped smoking. Chronic bronchitis is a common cause of death in North America and once the lungs fail, it carries a very high death rate. Respiratory failure is a common reason for admission of the individuals to the ICU. When the condition worsens, the majority of the individuals need to be seen by their physicians. Chronic bronchitis is usually worsened by upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, smoke and changes in weather.
Risk factors
People who smoke or who live with a smoker are at greatest risk of both acute and chronic bronchitis. Children are susceptible to bronchitis from second hand smoke. Other factors that increase your risk of bronchitis include:
Immunocompromised: There are some individuals who may have another illness and may not be able to fight off the infection. This is common in cancers, children and the elderly.
Environmental Exposure: There are many pollutants in the environments which can initiate or worsen bronchitis. Some occupations may also cause exposure to chemicals, gases, grains and dust. The cough associated with occupational bronchitis may be dry (nonproductive). Occupational bronchitis usually clears up when you're no longer exposed to these substances.
In most cases of bronchitis, there is copious sputum production. The sputum is always yellowish to green and is quite thick and viscous. This is a typical presentation of bronchitis. These secretions are usually persistent all day but worse in the mornings. The majority of these secretions are swallowed or coughed up. When these secretions persist for more than 3 months, the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis is made. When the mucus is colored and foul smelling, it generally indicates the presence of an infection. However, this is not a golden rule and in many cases, the mucus may be white and yet be infected. In children the diagnosis of bronchitis can be deceptive as they do not cough up the mucus and instead swallows there's a secondary infection.
One of the biggest questions that people have is about how to detect bronchitis symptoms. In all cases, the individual will present with a purulent cough which may be associated with - Fever - Fatigue - Runny nose - Congested nose - Sore throat - Difficulty breathing wheezing - Shortness of breath - Muscle and joint aches The classic findings on physical exam include the presence of wheezing or coarse sounds in the lungs. The physical examination findings may include a bluish tinge on the skin and lips and a fast breathing rate. In children, an ear or eye infection may be evident, but in most cases the examination is unremarkable.
When to seek medical advice
Most cases of bronchitis clear on their own in a few days, especially if you rest, drink plenty of fluids, avoid exposure to tobacco smoke and maintain adequate humidity in the home. However, if the bronchitis is prolonged and fails to resolve after a few days, one should seek medical therapy. Warning signs of worsening include: - difficult sleeping - nocturnal coughing - ongoing fever - chills
The diagnosis of bronchitis is based on the history, physical exam and a chest x ray. In most cases, sputum is analyzed and cultured.
Sputum: In most individuals with chronic bronchitis, analysis of sputum is a waste of time and money. The organism present in the sputum may not reflect the organism present in the lower parts of the lung. To prevent this error in starting antibiotics, special guidelines have been made when evaluating sputum which has been obtained after inducing a deep cough.
Blood: In the individual with chronic bronchitis, shortness of breath is a common feature. This can be better assessed by measuring the amount of oxygen in the blood. This can be used to follow response to treatment.
Chest X ray: chest x-rays in a patient with chronic bronchitis are not useful. There is nothing specific seen on the x ray that may indicate bronchitis.
Electrocardiogram: The ECG is not diagnostic of bronchitis but in individuals with long standing bronchitis, it may reveal abnormal heart rhythms.
Lung Function: Even though chronic bronchitis may be diagnosed on clinical grounds, the only way to objectively quantify the disease is using special equipment to measure the airflow patterns in the lung. This not only provides the physician with the status of the patient but also allows the physician to assess the responsiveness of the patient to treatment. The test simply requires one to take a deep breath and blow out air in one second in a special machine. Other methods may involve assessing the respiratory functions and volumes in the lung. These studies provide a baseline for determining improvement following treatment. Most adults develop a decline in the elasticity of their lungs and lose about 30 cc of volume each year after the age of 35-40. This volume loss then continues until old age.
Biopsy: In the rare case of long standing bronchitis, a biopsy of the airways may be done with the use of a bronchoscope (camera with forceps). The visualization may reveal thickening of the airways and may also help clear up the secretions.
Therapy is generally based on the presentation of the individual and may include the use of: Pain killers Cough suppressant Antibiotics Bronchodilators Steroids In general, there is little evidence that antibiotics are of any help to individual with acute bronchitis. In fact over use of antibiotics has led to the development of resistant organisms. However, the primary care physicians still appear to be ignorant about these facts and continue to prescribe antibiotics for all individuals. Numerous studies have shown that the use of antibiotics in acute bronchitis does not reduce the duration or intensity of infection. For viral bronchitis, antibiotics are not indicated. The best treatment for bronchitis is: - Get plenty of rest. - Drink extra liquids. - Take a nonprescription cough medicine.
Cough suppressants: Despite many doctors prescribing cough suppressants it is not a good idea to keep all that junk in your lungs. The remedy for excess secretions is to cough them up. Coughing helps remove the irritant mucus and clears the airways. One should just take adequate cough medication that will not completely suppress the cough. Cough medications are best taken at night so that one can sleep comfortably. There are countless cough medications obtained over the counter and there is no real difference between them. If a stronger cough prescription is required, one needs to see a physician.
Bronchodilators: One feature about bronchitis is that individuals may develop wheezing. These individuals are typically smokers or may have a history of asthma. In most cases bronchitis can worsen asthma and a number of individuals will require drugs to treat the asthma. The major drugs for the treatment of chronic bronchitis are bronchodilators. These drugs decrease the wheezing and open up the airways. There are numerous drugs which act as bronchodilators. These drugs rapidly open up the airways and provide relief in a few minutes. There are numerous types of bronchodilators and there are various formulations available. Some can be inhaled, others can be taken orally. Today, we also have newer anti asthmatic agents such as zafirlukast (Accolate), or leukotriene inhibitors (5-lipoxygenase blockers), such as zileuton (Zyflo), which offer new strategies for the management of chronic bronchitis. All individuals who use inhalers must be taught how to use the medication. If the drug is not inhaled properly, most of it ends up in the mouth and then the stomach. Various adaptive devices are available through occupational therapists, may permit easier administration by patients with impaired hand function.Those suffering any symptoms that are necessary for this medication can benefit by switching to online ordering. There is no predicting when a wheezing, coughing, or asthmatic attack might occur, which is why it is important to always be prepared by carrying the proper medication.
Theophylline: Another class of drug which is frequently used in patients with wheezing is Theophylline. It is known to open up the airways and improve the strength of the respiratory muscles. It also helps in coughing up the secretions. The drug is available in various formulations and is quite effective. However, it does have the potential to interact with other drugs and one should discuss with the physician all drugs before one starts Theophylline.
Steroid Therapy: In severe cases of bronchitis associated with wheezing and lack of response to antibiotics, one may require a short term course of steroids. The steroids may be administered via inhalation, orally or by IV. This short burst of steroids is excellent for acute worsening of bronchitis. Long-term oral steroid therapy in chronic bronchitis is usually reserved for individuals who have had a diagnosis of COPD or emphysema and continue to go downhill. However long term steroids also have numerous complications which include: Muscle wasting Cataracts Ulcers Osteoporosis Ulcers etc fractures Therefore, the benefits of prolonged systemic steroid therapy should be carefully documented.
Antibiotic Therapy: Even though some cases of bronchitis are viral, there are others which may be bacterial and antibiotics may help. However, the routine administration of antibiotics in bronchitis is questionable. There are some guidelines as to who should get antibiotics. Individuals who have a fever, greenish sputum, and chills should be administered antibiotics. There are several groups of antibiotics and the choice is dependent on the physicians. Commonly used antibiotics include: - sulphonomides - tetracyclines - fluoroquinolones - macrolides Those individuals who are in hospital with a diagnosis of bronchitis will need IV antibiotics. Some may even need bronchoscopy to help clear the secretions. Some physicians recommend that in an individual who gets 4 or more episodes of bronchitis per year, should receive continuous antibiotics. However, this regimen has not been shown to improve either patient morbidity or hospital admissions. In addition, continuous antibiotics are associated with development of bacterial resistance. All individuals with chronic bronchitis should be vaccinated against the polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine at least once. Re-vaccination with the pneumococcal vaccine should be considered after seven years in patients with renal impairment. Unfortunately, the currently available Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine (Acthib, Comvax, Hibtiter) is not expected to be helpful in patients with chronic bronchitis.
Adjunctive Measures
When the bronchitis is chronic and associated with persistent shortness of breath, both the survival and quality of life are seriously undermined. Oxygen is an important part of therapy for chronic bronchitis. Some individuals require oxygen at night and some require it for most of the day. Oxygen can improve the quality of sleep and can prevent the development of abnormal heart rhythms. Oxygen is available in various forms for home use. However the therapy is not cheap and thus low flow rates are recommended with oxygen conserving devices. These newer devices only open when triggered by inspiration to deliver a fixed dose of oxygen. Those individual who have thick and viscous sputum may benefit from expectorant mucolytic therapy. The medications can thin up the secretions enabling one to cough it up. Cough suppressants and sedatives should be avoided as routine measures. One should continue to remain active and participate in some from of exercise. This will help loosen up the secretion through adequate hydration and constant coughing. Morphine type drugs are effective to decrease cough but only when the regular cough medications fail. Surgery is not a treatment for bronchitis. Only after all medical therapy has failed, is surgery considered. In some individuals with COPD or emphysema, the lung is destroyed and in these cases, surgery may be an option. However, the surgery is extremely high risk and the results are poor. Lung transplant is an option but donor lungs are scarcely available and one has to take life long chemotherapeutic drugs.
Optimizing Functional Capacity
Even after treatment of bronchitis, individuals with chronic bronchitis should undergo rehabilitation to help improve their airway function and improve endurance. The aim of the pulmonary rehab is to condition the chest muscles and improve the strength of the diaphragm. Besides the pulmonary rehabilitation, one needs to stop smoking, increase fluid intake and maintain a decent lifestyle. Improved hydration through greater fluid intake and provision of airway humidity can also facilitate sputum mobilization, more so than pharmacologic expectorants or mucolytic agents.
Nutrition and Dietary Supplements
Nutrient is important in individual with chronic bronchitis. The acute stage only last a few days but for chronic bronchitis it is essential to increase fresh fruits, vegetables and eliminating milk, eggs and other foods with preservatives. There are some who claim that increasing onions and garlic in the diet decrease the episodes of bronchitis –but this is just hearsay and not scientifically proven.
N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC): Even though N acetyl Cysteine can reduce the viscosity of the sputum, it is not available as a pill. Rather one can take methionine which is a precursor of N acetyl Cysteine. Zinc: Zinc is purported to enhance immune system activity and protect against a range of infections including colds and upper respiratory infections (such as bronchitis). Other supplements to consider may help prevent you from catching an infection or may help relieve symptoms from bronchitis:
Bromelain: Bromelain is used in a vast array of medical conditions. It was first introduced in this area in 1957, and works by blocking some proinflammatory metabolites that accelerate and worsen the inflammatory process. It has been used to treat everything in medicine and thus its effective is similar to drinking water from a stream. Other nutrients that have been postulated to decrease the infections and improve the symptoms of bronchitis are lactobacillus, Quercetin and Vitamin C.
Almost every herb in the forests of Europe and North America is postulated to cure bronchitis. Every single day new herbs are added in food stores with preposterous claims of curing cancers, infections and preventing illness. Despite all these claims, there is not one iota of scientific evidence that these products do anything except clean your pockets. There are tons of anecdotal data which claim that these products are helpful. Today, many of these herbs are manufactured outside of north America and the purity of the herbs or the ingredients in the herb remain unknown. Numerous cases of contamination have been found and recent analysis of some herbs from China has revealed that in fact a number of herbs are actually contaminated with real pharmaceutical medications. The herbs which have been postulated to fight the lung infections include: - Barberry (Berberis vulgaris) - Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globules) - Peppermint (Mentha x piperita) - Slippery elm (Ulmus fulva) - Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) - Echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia/Echinacea pallida/Echinacea purpurea) - garlic (Allium sativum) - Ginger (Zingiber officinale) - Aconitum - Antimonium tartaricum - Hepar sulphuricum - Ipecacuanha - Phosphorus Some of the herbs are extremely toxic and are not safe. So in the end-buyer beware.
Smoking Cessation
The most important treatment for chronic bronchitis is to stop smoking. Once smoking is stopped, the excess sputum will start to decrease, the cough will disappear and the wheezing will improve. The majority of individuals who stop smoking indicate that their physical endurance and overall health are much improved. In addition, lung tests reveal that a significant number of individuals recover their lung function over time. There have been many tools to help one stop smoking but their effectiveness is minimal. The best treatment is cold turkey. The physicians can help educate the family and friends on the importance of smoking cessations.
Alternative Medicine
It appears that most of alternative medicine is a field which is still trying to look for a disease to cure. Other recommended cures for bronchitis include: - Massage and Physical Therapy - Aromatherapy (inhaling cedarwood, eucalyptus moisture) - Acupuncture: Acupuncture can help relieve symptoms of acute bronchitis and, possibly, help improve quality of life for those with chronic bronchitis. - breathing exercises - lifestyle counseling
Prognosis and Complications
For acute bronchitis, symptoms usually resolve within 5 to 10 days if one is healthy and does not have any other medical problems. In some, a dry, hacking cough can linger for a number of months. The chance for recovery is poor for advanced chronic bronchitis. Early recognition and treatment, combined with smoking cessation, significantly improve the chance of a good outcome.
Home care
It is essential that one have good nutrition, hydration and maintain some physical activity during episodes of bronchitis flare up. Other things one can do at home include: Humidification: Warm, moist air helps relieve coughs and loosens mucus in your airways. One has to buy a decent quality of a humidifier which will not grow bacteria and fungi in the water tank.
Pain relief: To relieve pain and lower a high fever, acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) and other over the counter pain medications may help. Adults may also use aspirin but it is not recommended for children. Aspirin is known to cause a fatal liver disorder in children, known as Reye's syndrome.
Avoid exposure to irritants: Smog, smoke and other chemicals in the air can trigger bronchitis. For those who are sensitive to environmental pollutants, one should wear a mask or avoid the area.
lu vaccine: Many causes of bronchitis are related to a viral infection and this it is highly recommended that these individuals get an annual flu vaccine. Educating the patient and family caregivers is an important aspect of care. The disorder can impact the entire family. The family and the individual should learn more about the disorder and its home management. All appointments with the physician should be kept and compliance with medical therapy is a must. Stopping smoking will go a long ways to reducing the impact of bronchitis.


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Being a tourist can be fun, even in one's own town. So if you have free time on your hands, use it to explore Beaverton. This guide from Movoto, a real estate business, lists 29 things to do in Beaverton before you die.
Though I'm not sure I would say Beaverton has a "hipster vibe," the list is pretty comprehensive: It recommends visiting the Nike World Headquarters, shopping at Scandia Imports and skating at the Winterhawks Skating Center, among other things.
Looking for things to do with the kids this week? Check out our Westside Spring Break guide.
And it's time for the Beaverton Mayor's Youth Advisory Board Teen Idol contest. Warm up your vocal cords in time for the auditions on April 4 from 5-8 p.m. at Jesuit High School.
Are you sick of hearing about food carts in Beaverton yet? Well, we're not. We want to know what types of food carts the city needs. Let us know by commenting on our story.
-- Anna Marum


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Sentinel Technologies Inc., a suburban Chicago information technologies firm, is expanding into Ann Arbor and aiming for revenue of $5 million in its first year.
The firm is opening a new office with about 10 people in the Ann Arbor Commerce Park in the next few weeks. Sentinel expects the site to be the linchpin for its expansion into lower Michigan markets, and will focus on securing work in the government and education sectors.
Sentinel has had a presence in Ann Arbor for about a year, with about seven staffers working from home. The new office is 5,097 square feet and has space for technical and sales operations, as well as a demonstration lab to show equipment to customers.
"We're certainly looking to make a good go of it there and make a nice business in that market," said Brian Osborne, executive vice president of sales and marketing.
Ann Arbor is the firm's seventh location, including a small site in Crystal Falls in the Upper Peninsula. Sentinel specializes in telecommunications, networking and support. It also sells Microsoft and Cisco hardware.
Sentinel has annual revenue of about $100 million and has grown about 30 percent in each of the past two years, Osborne said. It was founded in 1982 as a 10-person company that did mainframe service work in Chicago. It now has about 450 workers and sites in Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin and Arizona.
Locally, Sentinel wants to work with the Ann Arbor school district and local municipalities. The site will also try to secure business in Detroit, northern Ohio, and Grand Rapids.
It's also looking to grow in the area by expanding its security work, including surveillance, building access and informational video screens.
The firm chose Ann Arbor because of its central location and relatively healthy economy compared to other areas in the state.
If business in Michigan takes off, Sentinel is considering opening an office on the west side of the state, possibly by 2009.
Technology has been a fairly healthy sector of the economy, and firms are looking at the state for potential growth when the economy rebounds.
"There's going to be enormous need for tech services," said Keith Brophy, president and co-owner of NuSoft Solutions, a technology services firm based in Troy.
Sentinel was one of several recent leases in the Commerce Park. Though relatively small in size, broker Newcombe Clark said they are signaling an increase in activity and the types of users that are seeking flex space. Sites in the park list for $7.50-$12.50 a square foot.
"Activity at the park has been strong since late last year," he said.
Mark Collins of CB Richard Ellis represented Sentinel.


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The Gospel of Father Joe: Revolutions and Revelations in the Slums of Bangkok
"Water to wine" is the image that journalist Greg Barrett uses to describe the transformation in the lives of children living at Mercy Centre, an orphanage in a Bangkok slum. Most of the children have been abused, neglected, malnourished or sold into sex slavery, and many of them have AIDS. The number of children dying of AIDS and other diseases is so high that Mercy Centre recycles child-size casket lids, removing them after friends and relatives pay their last respects and immediately before cremation.
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MONTGOMERY, Alabama -- Montgomery's T.S. Morris Elementary is among five Alabama schools to be named a National Blue Ribbon School in 2011.
The award, given to both public and private schools by the U.S. Department of Education, recognizes schools with high performance scores or have improved student achievement levels.
Oak Mountain High School in Birmingham, Barkley Bridge Elementary School in Hartselle, Our Lady of the Valley Catholic School in Birmingham and Phillips Preparatory School
in Mobile were the other Alabama recipients.
in Mobile were the other Alabama recipients.
Click here to see the full list of schools.


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The New Orleans Saints have lined up a visit with Jacksonville Jaguars free agent cornerback Derek Cox, according to a report by The Florida Times-Union. Cox, 26, has been a full-time starter for all four of his NFL seasons, though he has missed some time with a series of nagging injuries over the past two years.
Cox (6 feet 1, 195 pounds) is a big, physical cornerback who would give the Saints a size dimension they don't currently have at the position. He's been a solid, underrated starter for the Jaguars. Last month, NFL Films and NFL Matchup producer Greg Cosell identified him as an under-the-radar corner he liked when discussing possible free agent fits for the Saints' rebuilding defense.
Cox has 12 career interceptions since being drafted in the third round out of William & Mary in 2009, including four last year in just 12 games played. He also forced a fumble last year. But he missed four games last year, 10 games in 2011 and three games in 2010 with groin, hamstring, back and rib injuries.
The Saints are expected to kick the tires on several veteran cornerbacks this year, even though they still consider starting cornerbacks Jabari Greer and Patrick Robinson as assets who could return to form if the overall defense improves. There should be some proven veterans available at a discounted rate this year since the free agent market has been flooded by so many cornerbacks being released by other teams.
It's not clear when Cox is scheduled to visit New Orleans. The Times-Union report said Cox was scheduled to visit the Saints and San Diego Chargers, and a return to the Jaguars remains a possibility.


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Gov. Bobby Jindal is expected to address a ground-breaking ceremony this morning marking the beginning of the $15 million Peters Road bypass project. The event will take place at the Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base in Belle Chasse.
Expected to attend are state Sen. David Heitmeier, D-Algiers, state Rep. Chris Leopold, R-Belle Chasse, and Plaquemines Parish government officials.
Check back with NOLA.com for updates.


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PISCATAWAY – Rutgers police are investigating the burglary of two offices on the Piscataway campus in which cash was stolen.
The burglary occurred Thursday or Friday on the Piscataway campus's Hill Center, located at 110 Frelinghuysen Road.
Two offices were broken into, according to police.
"Physical evidence was recovered from the scene by investigators," police said in a statement. "Suspect information is limited at this time."
Anyone with information, or who may have been in the area at the time, is asked to please contact the Rutgers Police Department Investigations Unit at (848) 932-8025.


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A hundred alumni — actors, dancers, directors, technicians, crew and audience members — are expected at a reunion Oct. 20 in the theater's original headquarters, the parish house of Christ Episcopal Church in New Brighton.
The company was founded 43 years ago by theatrically-minded, mostly North Shore residents. Several were on college faculties. Others were moonlighting theater professionals and eager amateur performers. Two, Jack Reycraft and Elaine Boies, were Staten Island Advance staffers.
It was summer of 1969 when Reycraft used his "Recess with Reycraft" column to float the idea of a new, not-for-profit theater. By early fall, Staten Island Civic Theater (SICT) had been established as a non-profit company, and its debut production, the Woody Allen comedy "Don't Drink the Water," was in the wings.
The show may not have been a complete triumph. An opening night review published Nov. 15, 1969, was suspiciously evasive: "If the enthusiasm of an audience can accurately (reflect) the success of an opening night, then 'Don't Drink the Water' is a smash."
Still, the show was a bargain: Seats were $2.50.
Artistic inclinations favored safe bets: Musicals, thrillers, comedies, Neil Simon. Established Broadway and off-Broadway successes were capably reproduced for inexpensive local consumption.
Shakespeare was rare; so was classic drama and 20th-century masterworks. Nevertheless, there was room, periodically, for tough-minded material like Samuel Beckett's "Waiting for Godot."
By 1987, the company was vacating its original theater, the venue for more than 100 plays and musicals. For the next six seasons, it made do with rented performance venues, finally disbanding altogether in 1993.
In its heyday in the 1970s and 1980s, Civic was often fearless, particularly with musicals. Stephen Sondheim shows, which require better-than-average singers and instrumentalists, were regular offerings. "Company," "A Little Night Music," and "Follies" were all given notably well-cast and polished productions.
The reunion effort started, as all such activities do today, with Facebook postings of old photographs from long-ago shows. Eventually, a site was launched by Charlie Siedenburg, a Civic alumnus, who is in the business today as a press agent.
Gradually, people who had connections to the company began rallying around the site and the idea for a reunion gained momentum. Siedenburg has identified an on-stage parallel: "It's kind of like the first scene in 'Follies,' when the performers all return to the old theater," he said.
The reunion committee includes Siedenburg, Wayne Miller, Karen Schleifer, Christie LeFebrve and Lisa Boies Cummings. Anyone interested in the gathering (a cold buffet with Champagne) may write to email@example.com


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Muskegon home significantly damaged by fire on December 16, 2012
Monday, December 17, 2012 9:18 AM
Inappropriate photo? Alert us.
A sign from the City of Muskegon Fire Marshal states no one can occupy the home in the 1000 block of Jefferson Street, between Apple Avenue and Hamilton Street following a fire that was reported at 8:21 p.m., Sunday, December 16, 2012. The fire started in the basement of the home and then spread quickly through the walls of the home to the attic. No one was injured.
Related articles
- Muskegon home significantly damaged by fast-moving fire December 17, 2012, 7:06 AM
- Muskegon family loses Christmas presents, other items in basement fire December 17, 2012, 3:31 PM


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Export Controls
U.S. export control regulations matter to you if:
- You teach courses — on campus or on the web
- You perform research
- You plan to travel outside the United States.
- You need to ship items, software or information internationally
- You're paying someone in another country for items, services, or to reimburse expenses
In addition to controlling international shipments of tangible items, these regulations control the transfer of technical data or technology to non-US persons anywhere — even in the US, even on the MIT campus. Their intent is to avoid equipping enemy forces, proliferating WMDs, missiles, and nuclear capabilities, or supporting terrorism.
MIT's mission is to transfer information through education and create new information through research. Policy 14.2 (Open Research and Free Interchange of Information) requires that foreign faculty, students and scholars not be singled out for restriction in their access to MIT's educational and research activities, and that MIT not undertake research on campus whose results may not be published without prior permission.
As a corporation chartered by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, MIT is committed to comply fully with all applicable laws and regulations, including the export controls. The program described here is designed to support MIT's mission and policies while assuring compliance with the export control regulations.
There are pages for export controls basic concepts, advanced topics, examples, and resources including training.
Note: this program applies to MIT's academic campus. MIT Lincoln Laboratory operates separately as a Federally-Funded Research and Development Center under contract with the US Air Force.
If you have any questions, please contact Janet Johnston, Export Control Officer, Office of Sponsored Programs, at 253-2762, via e-mail at email@example.com, or stop by NE18-901.
Download a PDF of all the content contained in this website section on Export Controls. Updated November 2015


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A suspected drunk driver who was arrested after crashing into a power pole on Manzanita Drive tried to escape in a bizarre attempt that included chewing his shoelaces.
According to a Bainbridge Island police report on the incident, police responded to a pickup truck crash at 1:51 a.m. Wednesday, Dec. 5.
The driver, 22, a Bainbridge Island resident, first ignored officers when police found the man inside his truck.
Instead, the driver started playing with his dog inside the truck.
Eventually, he gave police a driver's license that was punched. Officers discovered that the license was suspended due to a previous drunk driving conviction.
Officers suspected the driver was intoxicated once again. The man's mood went from "surly, to crying, to laughing," according to a police report.
When asked if he had been drinking that night, the driver refused to answer and asked for an attorney.
But before officers could place the man into their patrol car, the man began lecturing them about the differences between a telephone pole and a pole carrying power lines, and claimed he in fact did not crash into power lines as they suggested, but a telephone pole.
Officers began reading the driver his Miranda rights, but he spoke over them and ignored the officers. The man's mother was called to pick up his dog from the scene.
While en route to the police station, the driver slipped his handcuffs from behind his back. He then tied his shoelaces to the handcuffs and said he was trying to escape.
Officers then cut the shoelaces off.
After the driver was able to speak with his attorney, he agreed to take a breath test.
Police said they had trouble giving the breath test at first because it appeared the man was chewing on something.
The driver said he wasn't chewing anything, but officers discovered pieces of plastic in the man's mouth.
The plastic appeared to have originated from his shoelaces. It took three attempts for the driver to spit all the plastic out.
When he did take breath tests, it registered .223 and .245 blood alcohol levels.
As he was being transported to jail, the driver once again slipped his handcuffs from behind him, despite officers instructing him to leave them be.
He then began playing with the seatbelt and trying to open the locked doors of the patrol car.
When he couldn't open the doors, the man began scrapping the manufacturer's stickers off parts of the car around him. He also began spiting on the windows and other areas inside of the vehicle.
As the windows began fogging up, the driver began drawing on the foggy windows.
He wrote "I," then a heart symbol, and then drew a picture of a penis.
The police officers noted it was very disrespectful, and the man apologized before wiping off the window.
Before being booked into jail, police searched the driver's pockets and found several pieces of plastic that had been torn from the back seat of the patrol car.
The driver was booked on a $2,500 bond for DUI and $2,500 for driving without a license.
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Trio of Easter events offer lots of family fun
The cities of Arlington and Marysville are going with local businesses and community groups to present a trio of fun-filled Easter events for the entire family.
In Arlington, the city has joined with Arlington Firefighters Local 3728, the Downtown Merchants Association and the Arlington-Smokey Point Chamber of Commerce to offer two Easter Egg hunts on April 7.
Both events will separate the children into four ages groups 0-2, 3-5, 6-8 and 9-12, and will feature 5,000 eggs filled with candy and small toys. There will also be two prizes per age group that will include an Easter basket and gift certificates. The Easter Bunny will make an appearance at both events and the fire department will be providing drinks and cookies.
The first event will be at Terrace Park, beginning at 11 a.m., on April 7. The second event begins at 3 p.m. at Weston High School, at the southwest corner of the Arlington Airport. Last year, despite a burst of rainfall, the events drew hundreds of families with children of all ages enjoying themselves.
In Marysville, the city has teamed with the Marysville Rotary and Grandview Village to present its annual Easter Egg hunt which will be held April 7, 10-11 a.m., in Jennings Memorial Park. Thousands of eggs will be available for the children, who will be separated into three age groups 0-2, 3-5 and 6-8 and who can collect up to eight eggs each. In addition there will be balloon twisters and the Easter Bunny is expected to make an appearance.
Based on the success of previous years Easter Egg hunts in Arlington and Marysville, the events on April 7 should be a great time for the entire family. The cities and their partners should be commended and thanked for putting on these timely community events.
To contact a member of The Marysville Globe/Arlington Times editorial board Kris Passey
or Scott Frank e-mail email@example.com.
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Cleveland, NY -- Principal Michael Smolnik and five Cleveland Elementary school staff members fulfilled their promise to the students this morning by jumping in frigid Oneida Lake.
Smolnik challenged the 240 staff members and students at the elementary school that if the school collected 1,000 food items for the Central Square district-wide food drive competition, he would take a plunge in Oneida Lake. To make the bet even better, Smolnik said for each additional 100 food items collected, one staff member would also take the plunge.
The students collected 3,400 food items, winning the district's "Food Fight" for the 11th time in a row. All the food items collected went to the North Shore Christmas Basket Program.
The staff members planned to break the ice on the lake and jump in the water in December, but school was cancelled due to the weather on the day of the plunge. Thick ice on the lake prevented the staff from taking the plunge for the remainder of the winter.
With the ice melted and the water still a frigid 38 degrees, Smolnik and five teachers took the dip in the water this morning. The air temperature was about 39 degrees at 9 a.m.
Joining Smolnik were Casey Seckner, a speech teacher; Autumn Sutton, a fifth-grade teacher; Lori Richards, a teacher's assistant; April Slade, an academic intervention services teacher; and Kim Davis, a pre-kindergarten teacher.
The school buses taking students to school this morning made a special stop at Vella's Northshore Market to see the promise kept. Students chanted "Cleveland, Cleveland, Cleveland" as the staff members ran into the water.
"I'm keeping my promise to the kids," Smolnik said.
The Central Square Board of Education voted earlier this month to close Cleveland Elementary School due to budget cuts. Parents at the plunge called the event bittersweet.
"This is the spirit of Cleveland," Smolnik said.
Sarah Moses covers the northern suburbs of Onondaga County and Oswego County. Contact Sarah at email@example.com or 470-2298. Follow @SarahMoses315


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Each year during this time, an open art contest is held in Grand Rapids.
For two weeks in the fall, people come from all over, registering to vote on their favorite pieces of work.
What's the source of inspiration behind ArtPrize, which draws crowds from all across Michigan? Wondering what it would be like to turn the entire city into an art gallery.
And it would be incomplete without a piece of Flint in the mix, according to artist John Dempsey, who has entered one of his pieces that's most reflective of the city, "Plant #36, Buick City, Flint, Michigan."
"Personally, I like the idea of this piece being shown there because ArtPrize is so much about Grand Rapids and this painting is so much about Flint. So I thought it would be interesting to see what kind of reaction viewers would have and also for the public to see an image that reflects Flint — because Buick City is a piece of so much of our history and culture, too," he said.
Though Dempsey hails from Detroit, he's a Flint-based artist with a studio in Buckham Alley and an assistant professor of art at Mott Community College. He earned his BFA in painting and drawing from Michigan State University and MFA from Central Washington University.
He worked on the Buick City piece for two years after having a painting student at MCC get him access to the plant. Dempsey took a series of photos along with sketches and created his large-scale painting that chronicles a portion of the interior, to preserve the feel of the factory.
"I think Buick City chronicles Flint — it's not just an art piece of Flint. It shows a part of the city that might not otherwise be shown," he said, adding that he also made up an information card to give viewers, explaining the history of the plant to educate them.
Dempsey's work is being exhibited in the Public Museum of Grand Rapids, 272 Pearl St. NW, Grand Rapids, until Oct. 10. The competition is open to the public and anyone can vote to help select the Top 10 entries that will receive a prize.
Organizers award $449,000 in cash prizes, the highest of any art competition in the world. The competition is now in its second year, with 1,713 artists from around the world showing their works in 192 venues.
Those making the trip to Grand Rapids can register online, but they must validate their registration in person. From there, they can join a large public pool of voters that numbered 37,264 in 2009, awarding $250,000 for first place, $100,000 for second, $50,000 for third and $7,000 each for fourth through 10th place.
The Top 10 finalists are to be announced today, and the winner is named on Oct. 7.
There also are four juried awards — 2D, 3D, time-based and urban space — that carry a minimum prize of $5,000 each.
For information about ArtPrize, visit www.artprize.org.
— Booth Mid-Michigan freelance writer Sue White contributed to this report.


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Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: kelly
Alternative forms[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- A surname, Anglicised from the Irish Ó Ceallaigh.
- A male given name transferred from the surname.
- A female given name, popular from the 1960s to the 1990s.
- 1867 Percy Hetherington Fitzgerald, The Life of David Garrick, Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent, 1899, page 319
- A better and more straightforward appeal, though less cool, was made to him by Hugh Kelly, - - - The play was so successful, and and Garrick said so much of it that Lord Pembroke was eager to be back from Paris to see it, though he said, with true aristocratic pride, that he could expect very little from such a name as "Kelly", especially if there be an "O'" before it.
- 1986 Daphne Merkin, Enchantment, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1986, ISBN 0151287910, page 207
- On the walls of the salon are blown-up photos of models with dazzling teeth and ingeniously tousled hair - women with names like Kelly and Dawn, who come from tiny towns in Texas and Washington, who are tall and thin, and who don't appear to be burdened by any pasts to speak of.