text:
Research Topics
Genomes and Genes
Gene Symbol: GluR2
Description: glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2
Alias: GLUR2, GLURB, GluA2, GluR-K2, HBGR2, AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2, gluR-2, gluR-B, glutamate receptor 2
Species: human
Top Publications
Research Grants
Scientific Experts
Detail Information
Publications172 found, 100 shown here
- Neurochemistry of the mammalian cone 'synaptic complex'N Vardi
Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, 19104 6058, USA
Vision Res 38:1359-69. 1998..Surprisingly, invaginating bipolar dendrites in the cat also express the AMPA receptor subunits, GluR2/3 and GluR4...
- Gain-of-function glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 variants alter GluA2 recycling and surface distribution in patients with autismRebeca Mejias
McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Predoctoral Training Program in Human Genetics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:4920-5. 2011..1 (GRIP1) is a neuronal scaffolding protein that interacts directly with the C termini of glutamate receptors 2/3 (GluA2/3) via its PDZ domains 4 to 6 (PDZ4-6). We found an association (P<0...
- The GluR2 subunit inhibits proliferation by inactivating Src-MAPK signalling and induces apoptosis by means of caspase 3/6-dependent activation in glioma cellsFrancesca Beretta
DTI Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Via Vanvitelli 32, Milan 20129, Italy
Eur J Neurosci 30:25-34. 2009..We found that GluR2 is absent in fast-growing GBM-derived tumour stem cells and high-grade glioma specimens, but is expressed in slow-..
- New potential regulators of uterine leiomyomata from DNA arrays: the ionotropic glutamate receptor GluR2John C M Tsibris
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Florida, 4 Columbia Drive, Room 524, Tampa, FL 33606, USA
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 312:249-54. 2003..b>GluR2, a subunit of a ligand-gated cation channel, is up-regulated in leiomyomata relative to myometrium by 15- to 30-..
- Developmental regulation of the toxin sensitivity of Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors in cortical gliaO Meucci
Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
J Neurosci 16:519-30. 1996..of the expression of AMPA-receptor subunits showed an increase in the concentration of glutamate receptor-2 (GluR2) in CG-4 cells as they differentiated into type II astrocytes and oligodendrocytes...
- Surface expression of AMPA receptors in hippocampal neurons is regulated by an NSF-dependent mechanismJ Noel
Medical Research Council Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, University of Bristol, School of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom
Neuron 23:365-76. 1999Here, we show that disruption of N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein- (NSF-) GluR2 interaction by infusion into cultured hippocampal neurons of a blocking peptide (pep2m) caused a rapid decrease in the frequency but no change in ..
- Disruption of the GluR2-NSF interaction protects primary hippocampal neurons from ischemic stressG S Ralph
Division of Medicine, University of Bristol, Marlborough Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW
Mol Cell Neurosci 17:662-70. 2001A specific interaction between the AMPA receptor subunits GluR2 and GluR3 and the fusion protein NSF has recently been identified...
- Blockade of glutamate receptors and barbiturate anesthesia: increased sensitivity to pentobarbital-induced anesthesia despite reduced inhibition of AMPA receptors in GluR2 null mutant miceD T Joo
Department of Anaesthesia, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Anesthesiology 91:1329-41. 1999..Because AMPA receptor complexes that lack the GluR2 subunit are relatively insensitive to pentobarbital inhibition, GluR2 null mutant mice provide a novel tool to ..
- N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor is required for the synaptic incorporation and removal of AMPA receptors during cerebellar long-term depressionJordan P Steinberg
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:18212-6. 2004..attenuation of synaptic transmission at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse mediated by the removal of GluR2 subunit-containing alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors...
- Binding of 5'-GMP to the GluR2 AMPA receptor: insight from targeted molecular dynamics simulationsJesús Mendieta
Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autonoma, E 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
Biochemistry 44:14470-6. 2005..nucleotide, we have tried to understand how these molecules interact with the agonist-binding site of the GluR2 alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptor...
- Deficient RNA editing of GluR2 and neuronal death in amyotropic lateral sclerosisShin Kwak
Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7 3 1 Hongo, Bunkyo ku, 113 8655 Tokyo, Japan
J Mol Med (Berl) 83:110-20. 2005..The Ca2+ conductance of AMPA receptors differs markedly depending on whether the GluR2 (or GluR-B) subunit is a component of the receptor...
- Hypothermia rescues hippocampal CA1 neurons and attenuates down-regulation of the AMPA receptor GluR2 subunit after forebrain ischemiaFrederick Colbourne
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E9
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:2906-10. 2003..Neuronal death is preceded by down-regulation specific to CA1 of GluR2, the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit that limits Ca(2+) influx...
- Distribution of AMPA receptor subunits GluR1-4 in the dorsal vagal complex of the rat: a light and electron microscope immunocytochemical studyJ P Kessler
Laboratoire de Neurobiologie, UPR 9024, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31, chem Joseph Aiguier, F13402 Marseille cx 20, France
Synapse 34:55-67. 1999..region was investigated using immunohistochemistry and antibodies recognizing either one (GluR1 or GluR4) or two (GluR2 and GluR3) AMPA receptors subunits...
- GluR2-dependent properties of AMPA receptors determine the selective vulnerability of motor neurons to excitotoxicityP Van Damme
Laboratory for Neurobiology, University of Leuven, B 3000 Leuven, Belgium
J Neurophysiol 88:1279-87. 2002..Because the absence of GluR2 in AMPA receptors renders them highly permeable to Ca(2+) ions, it has been hypothesized that the selective ..
- Primary afferent terminals in spinal cord express presynaptic AMPA receptorsChun Rong Lu
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
J Neurosci 22:9522-9. 2002Larger dorsal root ganglion neurons are stained by an antibody for the C terminus of glutamate receptor subunit 2 (GluR2) and GluR3 (GluR2/3) rather than by an antibody for GluR4...
- Inflammation-induced upregulation of AMPA receptor subunit expression in brain stem pain modulatory circuitryYun Guan
Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 1586, USA
Pain 104:401-13. 2003..We analyzed mRNA and protein levels of the GluR1 and GluR2 AMPA receptor subunits in the RVM at 2h to 14 days post-inflammation...
- Glutamate receptor subunit 2-selective antibody shows a differential distribution of calcium-impermeable AMPA receptors among populations of neuronsR S Petralia
Laboratory of Neurochemistry, NIDCD, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 4162, USA
J Comp Neurol 385:456-76. 1997..AMPA receptor complexes that contain the AMPA-type glutamate receptor subunit 2 (GluR2) are responsible for the low calcium permeability typical of most AMPA receptors, and the absence of GluR2 may be ..
- Loss of GLUR2 alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic acid receptor subunit differentially affects remaining synaptic glutamate receptors in cerebellum and cochlear nucleiRonald S Petralia
Laboratory of Neurochemistry, NIDCD NIH, 50 4142, 50 South Drive MSC 8027, Bethesda, MD 20892 8027, USA
Eur J Neurosci 19:2017-29. 2004..Most AMPA receptors are impermeable to calcium because they contain the GluR2 subunit...
- Developmental expression of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors underlies depolarization-induced long-term depression at mossy fiber CA3 pyramid synapsesMichelle T W Ho
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
J Neurosci 27:11651-62. 2007..Concerning AMPA receptors (AMPARs), glutamate receptor 2 subunit (GluR2)-containing, Ca2+-impermeable AMPARs (CI-AMPARs) prevail at synapses between mature ..
- Flip and flop: a molecular determinant for AMPA receptor channel openingWeimin Pei
Department of Chemistry, Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
Biochemistry 48:3767-77. 2009..e., flip and flop. The flop variant of the GluR2 AMPA receptor is known to desensitize faster than the flip counterpart, whereas the GluR1 flip and flop variants ..
- Ethanol sensitivity of recombinant homomeric and heteromeric AMPA receptor subunits expressed in Xenopus oocytesB Emmanuel Akinshola
Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, USA
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 27:1876-83. 2003..In this study, we compared ethanol sensitivity of homomeric and heteromeric AMPA receptor subunits microinjected into Xenopus oocytes and confirmed subunit expression in oocytes by immunoblot...
- Effects of deletion of gria1 or gria2 genes encoding glutamatergic AMPA-receptor subunits on place preference conditioning in miceAndy N Mead
Department of Psychology, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, BN1 9QG, UK
Psychopharmacology (Berl) 179:164-71. 2005..Critically, this classical conditioning procedure requires the formation of associations between a rewarding stimulus and environmental cues, and the ability of these cues to direct subsequent behaviour...
- The anticonvulsants lamotrigine, riluzole, and valproate differentially regulate AMPA receptor membrane localization: relationship to clinical effects in mood disordersJing Du
Laboratory of Molecular Pathophysiology, Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Neuropsychopharmacology 32:793-802. 2007..profile, namely lamotrigine and riluzole, significantly enhanced the surface expression of GluR1 and GluR2 in a time- and dose-dependent manner in cultured hippocampal neurons...
- Kainate-induced epilepsy alters protein expression of AMPA receptor subunits GluR1, GluR2 and AMPA receptor binding protein in the rat hippocampusC Sommer
Department of Neuropathology, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Germany
Acta Neuropathol 101:460-8. 2001..through newly synthesized alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole proprionic acid (AMPA) receptors lacking the GluR2 subunit, which normally renders AMPA receptors calcium impermeable, is thought to play a pivotal role for ..
- Immunochemical characterization of the non-NMDA glutamate receptor using subunit-specific antibodies. Evidence for a hetero-oligomeric structure in rat brainR J Wenthold
Laboratory of Neurochemistry, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
J Biol Chem 267:501-7. 1992..antibodies were found to be selective for each of the four GluR subunits, and a fifth antibody recognized both GluR2 and 3...
- PICK1 and phosphorylation of the glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) AMPA receptor subunit regulates GluR2 recycling after NMDA receptor-induced internalizationDa Ting Lin
Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
J Neurosci 27:13903-8. 2007..Phosphorylation of the C terminus of the AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunit glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) and the binding of GluR2 to the PDZ [postsynaptic density-95/Discs large/zona occludens-1]-domain ..
- Recent advances in the study of AMPA receptorsTakeshi Suzuki
Department of Pharmacology, Kyoritsu College of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 122:515-26. 2003..The glutamine residue located in the pore-forming segment of GluR2 subunit (Q/R site) is changed to arginine by RNA editing at the pre mRNA stage in normal adult mammalian animal...
- Involvement of AMPA receptor GluR2 subunits in stimulus-reward learning: evidence from glutamate receptor gria2 knock-out miceAndy N Mead
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, United Kingdom
J Neurosci 23:9500-7. 2003Presence of the glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) subunit prevents calcium influx through AMPA-receptor complexes; deletion of this subunit results in enhanced hippocampal long-term potentiation...
- Ischemia and ischemic tolerance induction differentially regulate protein expression of GluR1, GluR2, and AMPA receptor binding protein in the gerbil hippocampus: GluR2 (GluR-B) reduction does not predict neuronal deathClemens Sommer
Department of Neuropathology, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Germany
Stroke 33:1093-100. 2002..of calcium-permeable alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors lacking the GluR2 subunit (GluR2 hypothesis). DND can be prevented by a short tolerance-inducing ischemic period...
- Calcium-permeable AMPA receptor plasticity is mediated by subunit-specific interactions with PICK1 and NSFStephanie M Gardner
Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
Neuron 45:903-15. 2005..Since the AMPA receptor GluR2 subunit confers calcium permeability, this plasticity is thought to occur through the dynamic exchange of synaptic ..
- Transient Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors in postnatal rat primary auditory neuronsMichel Eybalin
INSERM U583, Institut des Neurosciences, Hopital St Eloi, 80, avenue Augustin Fliche, BP 74103, 34091 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
Eur J Neurosci 20:2981-9. 2004..Here, we report that AMPA receptors at inner hair cell (IHC) synapses lack the GluR2 subunit and are transiently Ca2+-permeable before hearing onset as evidenced using agonist-induced Co2+ ..
- Decreased AMPA GluR2, but not GluR3, mRNA expression in rat amygdala and dorsal hippocampus following morphine-induced behavioural sensitizationZargham Sepehrizadeh
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 35:1321-30. 2008..reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate mRNA expression of the AMPA receptor subunits GluR2 and GluR3 in the striatum, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus and amygdala of animals treated repeatedly ..
- [ALS and excitatory amino acid]Hitoshi Aizawa
Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahik awa Medical College, 2 1 1 1 Midorigaoka Higashi, Asahikawa 078 8510, Japan
Brain Nerve 59:1117-27. 2007..mechanisms to increase Ca2+ influx through Ca2+-permiable AMPA receptor: a decrease of RNA editing efficacy at the GluR2 Q/R site and a decrease of GluR2 level relative to AMPA receptor subunits...
- Long-term potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 region does not require insertion and activation of GluR2-lacking AMPA receptorsErin E Gray
Interdepartmental PhD Program for Neuroscience, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 53 231 Center for the Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1751, USA
J Neurophysiol 98:2488-92. 2007..Although it is widely accepted that the AMPA receptors at these synapses contain glutamate receptor type 2 (GluR2) subunits, recent findings suggest that LTP in hippocampal slices obtained from 2- to 3-wk-old rodents is ..
- Selective expression of heteromeric AMPA receptors driven by flip-flop differencesJames R Brorson
Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
J Neurosci 24:3461-70. 2004..current-voltage relationship of most native AMPA receptors were ascribed to dominant effects of the glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) subunit...
- Trafficking of presynaptic AMPA receptors mediating neurotransmitter release: neuronal selectivity and relationships with sensitivity to cyclothiazideAnna Pittaluga
Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy
Neuropharmacology 50:286-96. 2006..AMPAR surface expression involves interactions between the GluR2 carboxy tail and various proteins including glutamate receptor-interacting protein (GRIP), AMPA receptor-binding ..
- Synaptic anchorage of AMPA receptors by cadherins through neural plakophilin-related arm protein AMPA receptor-binding protein complexesJoshua B Silverman
Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
J Neurosci 27:8505-16. 2007..ABP) and the related glutamate receptor (GluR)-interacting protein (GRIP), two multi-PDZ proteins that bind the GluR2 and GluR3 AMPAR subunits. The resulting cadherin-NPRAP-ABP/GRIP complexes serve as anchorages for AMPARs...
- A high GluR1 : GluR2 expression ratio is correlated with expression of Ca2+-binding proteins in rat forebrain neuronsM Kondo
Department of Neurobiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, 2 6 Musashidai, Fuchu 183 8526, Japan
Eur J Neurosci 12:2812-22. 2000..The neurons showing a high GluR1 : GluR2 expression ratio, [R1+/R2-], [R1++/R2+] and [R1++/R2-] neurons, comprised 13-30% of the total neuronal population...
- Nucleus accumbens neurons exhibit synaptic scaling that is occluded by repeated dopamine pre-exposureXiu Sun
Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
Eur J Neurosci 30:539-50. 2009..an AMPA receptor antagonist increased cell surface (synaptic and extrasynaptic) glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1) and GluR2 but not GluR3, as well as GluR1/2 co-localization on the cell surface and total GluR1 and GluR2 protein levels...
- The role of AMPA receptors and VEGF in ALSP Van Damme
Neurology Department, KULeuven University Hospital, Laboratory of Neurobiology, KULeuven and Vesalius Research Center, VIB Leuven, Herestraat 49 B 3000 Leuven
Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg 71:241-50. 2009..Only AMPA receptors that lack a certain subunit (GluR2) are permeable to calcium ions, and compared to other neurons motor neurons had low GluR2 levels...
- A subpopulation of serotonin 1B receptors colocalize with the AMPA receptor subunit GluR2 in the hippocampal dentate gyrusC J Peddie
Department of Life Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
Neurosci Lett 485:251-5. 2010..study, we have examined the cellular and subcellular distribution of 5-HT(1B)Rs with the AMPA receptor subunit GluR2. Of 5-HT(1B)R positive profiles, 28% displayed colocalization with GluR2...
- The protein kinase C alpha binding protein PICK1 interacts with short but not long form alternative splice variants of AMPA receptor subunitsK K Dev
Department of Biological Sciences, Kyoto University, Faculty of Medicine, Japan
Neuropharmacology 38:635-44. 1999..and the mutation of a single amino acid in this region (Lys-27 to Glu) prevents interaction between PICK1 and GluR2 in the yeast two-hybrid assay...
- Afferent-specific AMPA receptor subunit composition and regulation of synaptic plasticity in midbrain dopamine neurons by abused drugsCameron H Good
Electrophysiology Research Section, Cellular Neurobiology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
J Neurosci 30:7900-9. 2010..Using a unique rat brain slice preparation, we found that PPN stimulation activates afferents targeting GluR2-containing AMPA receptors (AMPAR) on VTA DA neurons, and these afferents did not exhibit long-term depression (LTD)..
- Peripheral AMPA receptors contribute to muscle nociception and c-fos activationYang Hyun Chun
Kyung Hee University, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Medicine, 1 Hoegi dong, Dongdaemun Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Neurosci Res 62:97-104. 2008..AMPA receptor subunits, GluR1 and GluR2, were predominantly expressed in small to medium size neurons but more GluR2 positive labeling were encountered in ..
- AMPA receptor subunit-specific regulation by a distinct family of type II TARPsAkihiko S Kato
Department of Neuroscience, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
Neuron 59:986-96. 2008..Here, we classify gamma-5 as a distinct class of TARP that modulates specific GluR2-containing AMPA receptors and displays properties entirely dissimilar from canonical TARPs...
- Differential palmitoylation directs the AMPA receptor-binding protein ABP to spines or to intracellular clustersSunita DeSouza
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
J Neurosci 22:3493-503. 2002..postsynaptic density 95/Discs large/zona occludens 1) proteins that interact with glutamate receptors 2 and 3 (GluR2 and GluR3) subunits...
- Age-dependent requirement of AKAP150-anchored PKA and GluR2-lacking AMPA receptors in LTPYuan Lu
Department of Pharmacology, Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 1109, USA
EMBO J 26:4879-90. 2007..It abolished hippocampal LTP in 7-12 but not 4-week-old mice. Inhibitors of PKA and of GluR2-lacking AMPA receptors blocked single tetanus LTP in hippocampal slices of 8 but not 4-week-old WT mice...
- Ischemia-induced changes of AMPA-type glutamate receptor subunit expression pattern in the rat retina: a real-time quantitative PCR studyFrederike Dijk
Netherlands Ophthalmic Research Institute KNAW, Glaucoma Research Group, Graduate School for the Neurosciences Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45:330-41. 2004..Furthermore, to study possible changes in the ratios of alternative splice variants of GluR2 and -4 and possible changes in the subunit composition of the receptor complex after ischemia-reperfusion...
- Response of Purkinje neurons to hypobaric hypoxic exposure as shown by alteration in expression of glutamate receptors, nitric oxide synthases and calcium binding proteinsC Kaur
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Blk MD10, 4 Medical Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597
Neuroscience 135:1217-29. 2005..glutamate receptors N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunit 1, amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid GluR2/3, calcium binding proteins and nitric oxide synthases in the Purkinje neurons was examined in rats exposed to ..
- Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 in the hippocampus of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, and of rats and mice after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticusF R Tang
Epilepsy Research Laboratories, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
Epilepsy Res 59:167-80. 2004A comparative study of the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 (mGluR2/3) was done in the hippocampus of rats and mice after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (APISE), and of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy...
- Control of glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) translational initiation by its alternative 3' untranslated regionsHasan A Irier
Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Rollins Research Center, Room 5002, 1510 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Mol Pharmacol 76:1145-9. 2009Four major glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) transcripts differing in size (approximately 4 and approximately 6 kilobases) due to alternative 3' untranslated regions (UTRs), and also containing alternative 5'UTRs, exist in the brain...
- Expression of genes encoding glutamate receptors and transporters in rod and cone bipolar cells of the primate retina determined by single-cell polymerase chain reactionMichael C Hanna
The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Cellular Neurology Unit, Bethesda, MD, USA
Mol Vis 13:2194-208. 2007..Here we apply the same protocol to compare expression of these genes in cDNA constructed from single rod and cone bipolar cells previously-labeled for morphological identification in fixed slices of macaque retina...
- Differential response of AMPA and NMDA glutamate receptors of Purkinje cells to aging of the chicken cerebellumRaquel S Pires
City University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Neurosci Lett 478:146-9. 2010..4 years old) chickens (Gallus gallus) were used in order to evaluate the expression of GluR1, GluR2/3 and NR1 subunits...
- Localization of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors in distinct neuronal elements of the rat substantia nigraK K Yung
Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, China
Neurochem Int 33:313-26. 1998..was performed using commercially available antibodies (against subunits of ionotropic glutamate receptors: GluR1, GluR2/3, GluR4, NMDAR1, NMDAR2A/B; and subtypes of metabotropic glutamate receptors: mGluR1alpha, mGluR2/3)...
- Expression of the AMPA-selective receptor subunits in the vestibular nuclei of the chinchillaP Popper
Division of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024 1624, USA
Brain Res Mol Brain Res 44:21-30. 1997..were used to localize the messenger RNAs and proteins of the AMPA-selective receptor subunits GluR1, GluR2, GluR3 and GluR4 in the vestibular nuclei of the chinchilla...
- Effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 agonism and antagonism on schizophrenia-like cognitive deficits induced by phencyclidine in ratsNurith Amitai
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
Eur J Pharmacol 639:67-80. 2010..We examined how the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 agonist LY379268 and the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 antagonist LY341495 altered phencyclidine-..
- Distribution of glutamate and preproenkephalin messenger RNAs following transient focal cerebral ischemiaL K Friedman
Department of Neuroscience, Seton Hall University NJ Neuroscience Institute, JFK Medical Center, Edison 08818, USA
Neuroscience 95:841-57. 2000..ischemia, in situ hybridization histochemistry was used to measure levels of glutamate receptor subunit 1 (GluR1), GluR2, GluR3, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 1 (NR1) and preproenkephalin messenger RNAs in adult rats at various ..
- Subcellular distribution of AMPA and NMDA receptor subunit immunoreactivity in ventral posterior and reticular nuclei of rat and cat thalamusX B Liu
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine 92682, USA
J Comp Neurol 388:587-602. 1997..The authors used electron microscopic immunocytochemistry to localize AMPA selective GluR 2/3 subunits (GluR2/3) and NMDA receptor subunit 1 (NMDAR1) in rat and cat ventral posterior lateral nucleus (VPL) ..
- Input- and subunit-specific AMPA receptor trafficking underlying long-term potentiation at hippocampal CA3 synapsesWataru Kakegawa
Department of Neurophysiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3 39 22 Showa machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371 8511, Japan
Eur J Neurosci 20:101-10. 2004..To trace the subunit-specific trafficking of AMPARs at each synapse, GluR1 and GluR2 subunits were introduced into CA3 pyramidal neurons in hippocampal organotypic cultures using the Sindbis viral ..
- Differential distribution of ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits in the rat olfactory bulbA A Montague
Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 8082, USA
J Comp Neurol 405:233-46. 1999..by using antibodies to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunits: GluR1, GluR2/3, and GluR4; and kainate (KA) receptor subunits: GluR5/6/7...
- GluR2/3, NMDAepsilon1 and GABAA receptors in Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseI Ferrer
Institut de Neuropatologia, Servei d Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, carrer Feixa Llarga sn, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
Acta Neuropathol 106:311-8. 2003..Glutamate receptors AMPA GluR2/3 and NMDA R2A: NR2A (NMDAepsilon1), and GABA(A) (GABA(A) Ralpha1) receptors were examined by immunohistochemistry ..
- [Death of motor neurons and molecular change of glutamate receptors in ALS]Kwak Shin
Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
Rinsho Shinkeigaku 45:982-4. 2005..of the AMPA receptor ion channel depends strongly upon the presence or absence in its composition of an edited GluR2 subunit whose glutamine (Q) residue is substituted by arginine (R) at the Q/R site due to RNA editing...
- Differential expression of NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits in rat dorsal and ventral hippocampusC Pandis
Physiology Department, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Rio, Patras, Greece
Neuroscience 140:163-75. 2006..ventral hippocampus slices were prepared: 1) transverse slices for examining a) the expression of the AMPA (GluRA, GluRB, GluRC) and NMDA (NR1, NR2A, NR2B) subunits mRNA using in situ hybridization, b) the protein expression of NR2A ..
- Involvement of basal protein kinase C and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activities in constitutive internalization of AMPA receptors in cerebellar Purkinje cellsTetsuya Tatsukawa
Laboratory for Memory and Learning, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351 0198, Japan
J Neurosci 26:4820-5. 2006..Immunocytochemically measured glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) internalization ratio decreased at the steady state of TeTx rundown...
- Identification of a neurosteroid binding site contained within the GluR2-S1S2 domainVlad Spivak
Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225 9150, USA
Lipids 39:811-9. 2004..Although the glutamate binding site of the GluR2 class of amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) iGluR has been structurally characterized, the ..
- Involvement of decreased glutamate receptor subunit GluR2 expression in lead-induced neuronal cell deathKeishi Ishida
Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
J Toxicol Sci 38:513-21. 2013Lead is known to induce neurotoxicity, particularly in young children, and GluR2, an AMPA-type glutamate receptor subunit, plays an important role in neuronal cell survival...
- Expression of AMPA/kainate receptors during development of chick embryo retina cells: in vitro versus in vivo studiesArmando J Cristóvão
Department of Zoology, Centre for Neuroscience of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3004 517 Coimbra Codex, Portugal
Int J Dev Neurosci 20:1-9. 2002..Ca(2+)](i)), in response to AMPA, kainate or to L-glutamate, and the expression of the receptor subunits GluR1, GluR2/3, GluR4 and GluR6/7 was determined in the retinospheroids and in chick retinas by immunodetection using ..
- Synaptic distribution of ionotropic glutamate receptors in the inner plexiform layer of the primate retinaUlrike Grünert
Department of Physiology F13, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
J Comp Neurol 447:138-51. 2002..Usually only one of the two postsynaptic processes at the dyads expressed a given subunit. Immunoreactive GluR2, GluR2/3, and GluR4 puncta were found at high density throughout the IPL and are probably expressed at every dyad...
- MicroRNA-223 is neuroprotective by targeting glutamate receptorsMaged M Harraz
Neuroregeneration Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:18962-7. 2012..the response to neuronal injury by regulating the functional expression of the glutamate receptor subunits GluR2 and NR2B in brain...
- Motor protein-dependent transport of AMPA receptors into spines during long-term potentiationSusana S Correia
Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 0632, USA
Nat Neurosci 11:457-66. 2008..translocation of GluR1 receptors from the dendritic shaft into spines, but it was not required for constitutive GluR2 trafficking...
- Acute BDNF treatment upregulates GluR1-SAP97 and GluR2-GRIP1 interactions: implications for sustained AMPA receptor expressionHussam Jourdi
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
PLoS ONE 8:e57124. 2013..Our results show that acute BDNF treatment upregulates the interactions between AMPAr subunits (GluR1 and GluR2) with their scaffold proteins SAP97 and GRIP1, respectively, leading to prolonged increased accumulation of both ..
- PKCα is required for inflammation-induced trafficking of extrasynaptic AMPA receptors in tonically firing lamina II dorsal horn neurons during the maintenance of persistent inflammatory painOlga Kopach
State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine
J Pain 14:182-92. 2013Persistent inflammation promotes internalization of synaptic GluR2-containing, Ca(2+)-impermeable AMPA receptors (AMPARs) and insertion of GluR1-containing, Ca(2+)-permeable AMPARs at extrasynaptic sites in dorsal horn neurons...
- Influence of GRIA1, GRIA2 and GRIA4 polymorphisms on diagnosis and response to treatment in patients with major depressive disorderAlberto Chiesa
Institute of Psychiatry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 262:305-11. 2012....
- Identification of differentially expressed genes according to chemosensitivity in advanced ovarian serous adenocarcinomas: expression of GRIA2 predicts better survivalC H Choi
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon dong, Gangnam Gu, Seoul 135 710, Korea
Br J Cancer 107:91-9. 2012..The purpose of this study was to identify genes that are differentially expressed in chemosensitive serous papillary ovarian carcinomas relative to those expressed in chemoresistant tumours...
- [K83 site affects PICK1 PDZ binding ability]Yong Feng
Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 41:153-8. 2012To investigate the role of 83 site in interaction of GluR2 C-terminal and PICK1 PDZ domain.
- Pin1 and WWP2 regulate GluR2 Q/R site RNA editing by ADAR2 with opposing effectsRoberto Marcucci
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
EMBO J 30:4211-22. 2011ADAR2 catalyses the deamination of adenosine to inosine at the GluR2 Q/R site in the pre-mRNA encoding the critical subunit of AMPA receptors...
- Pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptor (PAC1-R) are positioned to modulate afferent signaling in the cochleaM J Drescher
Laboratory of Bio Otology, Department of Otolaryngology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 261 Lande Medical Research Building, 540 East Canfield Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
Neuroscience 142:139-64. 2006..immunolocalization of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and synaptophysin as efferent neuronal markers, and glutamate receptor 2/3 (GluR2/3) and neurofilament 200 as afferent neuronal markers, for each of the three cochlear turns...
- GluR2 deficiency accelerates motor neuron degeneration in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosisPhilip Van Damme
Laboratory of Neurobiology, K U Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 64:605-12. 2005..e. GluR2-lacking) AMPA receptors...
- Dietary enrichment with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reverses age-related decreases in the GluR2 and NR2B glutamate receptor subunits in rat forebrainS C Dyall
Neuroscience Centre, Institute of Cell and Molecular Sciences, St Bartholomew s and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Whitechapel, London, United Kingdom
Neurobiol Aging 28:424-39. 2007..The glutamate receptor subunits GluR2 and NR2B play a significant role in forebrain synaptic plasticity...
- A binding site tyrosine shapes desensitization kinetics and agonist potency at GluR2. A mutagenic, kinetic, and crystallographic studyMai Marie Holm
Department of Molecular Biology, C F Møllers Allé Bldg 130, University of Aarhus, DK 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
J Biol Chem 280:35469-76. 2005..The AMPA receptor GluR2, with mutations in Tyr-450, were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and characterized in a two-electrode voltage ..
- Long-term exposure to endogenous levels of tributyltin decreases GluR2 expression and increases neuronal vulnerability to glutamateYusuke Nakatsu
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1 2 3, Kasumi, Minami Ku, Hiroshima, 734 8553, Japan
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 240:292-8. 2009..Long-term exposure to 20 nM TBT decreased the mRNA expression of glutamate receptors NR1, NR2A, GluR1 and GluR2, and increased that of NR2B, GluR3 and GluR4. GluR2 protein was also reduced by long-term exposure to TBT...
- Gestational nicotine exposure regulates expression of AMPA and NMDA receptors and their signaling apparatus in developing and adult rat hippocampusH Wang
Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, USA
Neuroscience 188:168-81. 2011..At P1, there was significantly heightened expression of AMPAR subunit GluR1 but not GluR2, and of NMDAR subunits NR1, NR2a, and NR2d but not NR2b. NR2c was not detectable...
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates the expression and synaptic delivery of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor subunits in hippocampal neuronsMargarida V Caldeira
Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, 3004 517 Coimbra, Portugal
J Biol Chem 282:12619-28. 2007..Here we show that BDNF acutely up-regulates GluR1, GluR2, and GluR3 alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunits in 7-day in vitro ..
- NMR spectroscopy of the ligand-binding core of ionotropic glutamate receptor 2 bound to 5-substituted willardiine partial agonistsMichael K Fenwick
Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
J Mol Biol 378:673-85. 2008..that underlie this coupling, solution NMR experiments were performed on the bilobed ligand-binding core of glutamate receptor 2 in complexes with a set of willardiine partial agonists...
- Altered presymptomatic AMPA and cannabinoid receptor trafficking in motor neurons of ALS model mice: implications for excitotoxicityPingwei Zhao
Forbes Norris ALS MDA Research Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, 475 Brannan St, Suite 220, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
Eur J Neurosci 27:572-9. 2008..subclasses of AMPARs [as determined by the presence of the subunits glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1) or glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2)] and CB1 in spinal cord motor neurons during disease progression in a G93ASOD1 mouse model of ALS...
- Regulation of the intracellular distribution, cell surface expression, and protein levels of AMPA receptor GluR2 subunits by the monocarboxylate transporter MCT2 in neuronal cellsFumihiko Maekawa
Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
J Neurochem 109:1767-78. 2009..purported to be a binding partner for the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor GluR2 subunit...
- Transmembrane and ubiquitin-like domain-containing protein 1 (Tmub1/HOPS) facilitates surface expression of GluR2-containing AMPA receptorsHyunjeong Yang
Department of Biological Information, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
PLoS ONE 3:e2809. 2008..in the brain and which exists in a synaptosomal membrane fraction, facilitates the recycling of the AMPAR subunit GluR2 to the cell surface...
- Newly identified ADAR-mediated A-to-I editing positions as a tool for ALS researchShin Kwak
Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo ku, Tokyo, Japan
RNA Biol 5:193-7. 2008Among the extensively occurring adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) conversions in RNA, RNA editing at the GluR2 Q/R site is crucial for the survival of mammalian organisms...
- Methamphetamine changes NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptor subunit levels in the rat striatum and frontal cortexPatrícia F Simões
Biomedical Institute for Research in Light and Image, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1139:232-41. 2008..Moreover, we investigated the effect of two METH regimens on NMDAR NR1 and NR2A and on AMPAR GluR2 subunit expression in the rat striatum and frontal cortex 24 h after drug treatment...
- Positive allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 for the treatment of schizophreniaMark E Fraley
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, WP14 2, West Point, PA 19486, USA
Expert Opin Ther Pat 19:1259-75. 2009Normalization of excessive glutamate neurotransmission through activation of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2) represents a novel and promising approach for the treatment of schizophrenia...
- The selective vulnerability of retinal ganglion cells in rat chronic ocular hypertension model at early phaseXue Gang Luo
Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
Cell Mol Neurobiol 29:1143-51. 2009..Immunohistochemical staining using specific antibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NR1) or glutamate receptor 2/3 (GluR2/3) was performed on the retinal sections of normal and COH eyes...
- Astrocytes regulate GluR2 expression in motor neurons and their vulnerability to excitotoxicityPhilip Van Damme
Laboratory of Neurobiology, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, University of Leuven, B 3000 Leuven, Belgium
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:14825-30. 2007..The Ca(2+) permeability of AMPA receptors is largely determined by the glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) subunit, receptors lacking GluR2 being permeable to Ca(2+) ions...
- Increased AMPA receptor GluR1 subunit incorporation in rat hippocampal CA1 synapses during benzodiazepine withdrawalParomita Das
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio 43614, USA
J Comp Neurol 511:832-46. 2008..with a shift toward inward rectification of synaptic currents and increased expression of GluR1, but not GluR2, subunits, suggesting augmented membrane incorporation of GluR1-containing, GluR2-lacking AMPARs...
- PKC and polyamine modulation of GluR2-deficient AMPA receptors in immature neocortical pyramidal neurons of the ratJieun Shin
Department Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
J Physiol 581:679-91. 2007..recently shown that AMPAR-dependent synaptic transmission in immature neocortical pyramidal neurons is mediated by GluR2-deficient receptors that can be modulated by intra- or extracellular polyamines (PAs)...
- Differential regulation of AMPA receptor trafficking by neurabin-targeted synaptic protein phosphatase-1 in synaptic transmission and long-term depression in hippocampusXiao Dong Hu
Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
J Neurosci 27:4674-86. 2007..which is correlated with the reduction in surface expression of AMPA subtype glutamate receptor (GluR) 1 and GluR2 subunits...
- Trafficking of AMPA receptors at plasma membranes of hippocampal neuronsJung Hwa Tao-Cheng
Electron Microscopy Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
J Neurosci 31:4834-43. 2011..b>Glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) labels at PSDs significantly increase after synaptic activation by glycine treatment and increase ..
- Immunohistochemical localization of AMPA-type glutamate receptor subunits in the striatum of rhesus monkeyYun Ping Deng
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 855 Monroe Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
Brain Res 1344:104-23. 2010..In striatum, about 65% of striatal neurons immunolabeled for GluR1, 75%-79% immunolabeled for GluR2 or GluR2/3, and only 2.5% possessed GluR4...
- GluR2-free alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate receptors intensify demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisPeter Bannerman
UC Davis School of Medicine, Shriners Hospital, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
J Neurochem 102:1064-70. 2007We adopted a genetic approach to test the importance of edited GluR2-free, Ca(2+)-permeable, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptors in the pathophysiology of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an ..
- Ultrastructural relationship between the AMPA-GluR2 receptor subunit and the mu-opioid receptor in the mouse central nucleus of the amygdalaMarc A Beckerman
Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, 407 E 61st St, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY, NY 10065, USA
Exp Neurol 227:149-58. 2011Activation of GluR2-expressing non-calcium-permeable AMPA-type glutamate receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) may play an important role in integrating emotion and memory with goal-directed behaviors involved in opioid ..
- Developmental characteristics of AMPA receptors in chick lumbar motoneuronsXianglian Ni
Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
Dev Neurobiol 67:1419-32. 2007..The Ca2+ permeability of AMPA receptors is regulated by the insertion of one or more edited GluR2 subunits...
- YB-1 binds to GluR2 mRNA and CaM1 mRNA in the brain and regulates their translational levels in an activity-dependent mannerToru Tanaka
Research Unit of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
Cell Mol Neurobiol 30:1089-100. 2010..In this study we found that YB-1 interacted with the mRNAs for glutamate receptor subunit 2 (GluR2) and calmodulin1 (CaM1) in both brain and NG108-15 cells...
Research Grants9
- Role of AMPA receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell in morphine depedenceElena Chartoff; Fiscal Year: 2009..2005). Prior work has demonstrated that elevating GluR1 levels in the NASh decreases, and GluR2 increases, the rewarding effects of cocaine and lateral hypothalamic brain stimulation (Kelz et al...
- Allosteric Modulators of Glutamate ReceptorsRobert E Oswald; Fiscal Year: 2010..We have determined the crystal structure of one AMPA receptor-binding domain (GluR2 S1S2) with six different allosteric activators and studied some of the complexes using NMR spectroscopy...
- NEUROPATHOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF HUNTINGTON' DISEASEAnton Reiner; Fiscal Year: 2004..2) A preponderance of GluR2 containing AMPARs in striatal neurons projecting to the internal pallidal segment accounts for their lesser ..
- PKC-dependent GluR2 internalization in the spinal cord by persistent painYuan Xiang Tao; Fiscal Year: 2009..AMPA receptor GluR2 subunit, through its binding to GRIP and PICK1, may function in the synaptic AMPA receptor trafficking that is ..
- PKC-Dependent Spinal GluR2 Internalization Triggered by NMDARs in Chronic PainYuan Xiang Tao; Fiscal Year: 2010..The AMPA receptor GluR2 subunit, through its binding to GRIP and PICK1, may function in the synaptic AMPA receptor trafficking that is ..
- AMPA Receptor Trafficking and Signaling ComplexesEdward B Ziff; Fiscal Year: 2010We will study the mechanism of trafficking of the GluR2 subunit of the AMPA receptor to synapses in cultured hippocampal neurons...
- RNA editing of AMPA receptor subunit GluR2 in ischemiaYouMing Lu; Fiscal Year: 2010..Ca2+ permeability of the channels is dominated by GluR2 RNA editing at the Q/R site;edited GluR2(R) subunits form Ca2+-impermeable channels, whereas unedited GluR2(Q) ..
- Regulation of NSF and AMPA receptor by serum inducible kinaseDANIELLE MARIE EVERS; Fiscal Year: 2010..in neurons, 2) determine the influence of SNK binding NSF on NSF interaction with the AMPA receptor subunit, GluR2 and 3) examine if SNK-NSF interaction disrupts stability of AMPA receptors at the cell surface...
- THE MECHANISM AND FUNCTION OF A TO I RNA EDITINGJinghua Yang; Fiscal Year: 2004..The proposed experiments will provide fundamental information regarding the role of A-to-I pre-mRNA editing in mammalian gene expression and regulation that could be used to combat disease. ..


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As I have noted before, the various public-employee unions are wrong when they assert that the pension deficit is a debt of the state. As I noted in this column:
The framers of our 1947 state constitution were wise men who realized that politicians love to give things away in the present and let someone else pay for them in the future. To that end, the framers created the "debt-limitation clause." That clause requires a referendum before the state can incur "a debt or debts, liability or liabilities of the state" that exceeds 1 percent of the budget for the year in question.
I went on to note that as long as we the state's voters haven't voted to incur the pension debt, then it is not state debt.
And I'm glad to see the union chiefs agree with me. They also believe that the voters, most of whom work hard but have no pensions, would never voluntarily consent to fund generous pensions for public employees.
We learned that Monday at a hearing on whether to put on the November ballot a referendum asking voters whether they wish to amend the state constitution to guarantee pension payments, as this article makes clear:
"This is crazy to put this out to the public," said Rae Roeder, president of Communications Workers of America Local 1033, a state workers union. "They're going to say no. So we're cutting our own throat."
So it's nice to see the unions agree with me that the public doesn't support their pensions. Those pensions are therefore not public debt.
What they are is a gift that is reapproved every year by the Legislature. However if my nj.com colleague John Bury is correct, the Legislature will never be able to find enough money to keep the funds from crashing. It's just a matter of years before the funds run out of money. Six years? Twelve years? It's just a matter of time.
What then?
A reader was kind enough to send me this link to a FAQ page that shows how the fund would be discontinued under federal ERISA law:
Can a plan be terminated?
Although pension plans must be established with the intention of being continued indefinitely, employers may terminate plans. If a plan terminates or becomes insolvent, ERISA provides participants some protection. In a tax-qualified plan, a participant's accrued benefit must become 100 percent vested immediately upon plan termination, to the extent then funded. If a partial termination occurs in such a plan, for example, if an employer closes a particular plant or division that results in the termination of employment of a substantial portion of plan participants, immediate 100 percent vesting, to the extent funded, also is required for affected employees.
So there you have it. That's how it works in the private sector. Sounds like a good approach for the public sector as well. If I were a younger worker in any public job in New Jersey I would start asking my union leaders to implement that solution and protect my pension contributions. As the moment, the younger workers are at the bottom of a Ponzi pyramid, and by the time they get to the top there won't be anything there but thin air.
But that's their problem. As for us taxpayers, until we vote to take on this debt, it's not our problem.
Also, a commenter on my prior post brought up this interesting New York Times article in which state officials acknowledge that pension debt comes under the debt-limitation clause of the state constitution:
In 2001, the Legislature voted to increase teachers' pensions by 9 percent, raising the plan's total cost by an estimated $3.1 billion. Because New Jersey's Constitution forbids creating debts without creating a funding source, the lawmakers needed to pay for it. They looked back to June 30, 1999, the height of the bull market.
That article is worth a read.

subset: commoncrawl


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Vigilantism is alive and well in Washington's criminal justice
Washington State Senator and Mason County Commissioner Tim Sheldon responded to funding cut to Mason County's Sheriff's office by stating that it's "open season" on criminals, there's "no bag limit," and that criminals should expect a lead enema from citizens.
Sheldon's statement has some emotional appeal. Too many people have been victims of violent crime.
Nevertheless, even aside from the fact that criminals also happen to be human beings guaranteed due process under the Constitution, I'd prefer for the professionals to handle the law enforcement in my community.
For one thing, I can imagine some neighbors — including myself — who should not be encouraged to wave guns around at times of high stress.
Law enforcement funds are being cut all over the state. King County Sheriff's office reports that the preliminary King County budget for 2010 translates into a cut of nearly $8 million for them — the equivalent of 83 deputies.
Sheldon's vigilantism is not only the wrong response to these cuts, but appears to be based on the kind of thinking that helped lead to these cuts.
The vigilante mindset is, first of all, emotional — ignoring evidence in favor of feeling.
Second, it elevates the immediate needs of the individual over the common good so that the desire to hurt a person who has just hurt us, for example, trumps the rule of law.
Third, it supposes that any citizen can do a better job than a trained and experienced professional who is dedicated to a code of professional ethics and sworn to uphold the public trust.
A brand of vigilantism is at work in the market deregulation that led to our current economic collapse.
People were given too much power to make decisions affecting other people's homes, livelihoods and pensions as well as the global economy — without being held to adequate standards of professional judgment or public accountability.
A brand of vigilantism is at work in the well-funded and decades-long resistance to policy action on climate change.
That resistance has cost the insurance industry billions of dollars.
Radio talk show personalities and oil company executives — non-experts in climate science and with low accountability to the public — use emotional appeals to drown out the well-founded warnings of the scientists.
Vigilantism is alive and well in Washington criminal justice, where much of what we spend money on is driven by emotion.
"Three Strikes" is an example. It was passed by ballot initiative in 1993, after a well-funded and misleading advertising campaign by out-of-state special interests — and against the advice of a number of criminal justice professionals.
A common sense money-saving reform recommended by the Washington's Sentencing Guidelines Commission back in 2001, the removal of lower-seriousness crimes from the Three Strikes list, has never been implemented.
Bills to implement these recommended reforms are introduced every year. At least three legislators who have sponsored them are law enforcement officers.
The bills always fail. Politicians will not or cannot heed the recommendations of experts because the label of soft-on-crime is used against them at election time.
A Three Strikes conviction carries a sentence of 777 years, 77 months and 77 days "without possibility of release."
But the most common Three Strikes conviction, Robbery 2, is an unarmed, no-injury crime.
Along with Assault 2, another common Three Strikes crime, it's classified at the same level of seriousness in our criminal code as "influencing the outcome of a sporting event."
These are serious crimes deserving of punishment. But it makes us no safer to put people in prison for life to punish them. In fact, imposing the same punishment for Murder I as for wallet grabs stands deterrence on its head.
It's no surprise that research indicates higher levels of homicides in urban areas with Three Strikes laws.
Under Three Strikes, we spend millions annually to house people past their standard maximum terms.
Because older people cost more to imprison and grab fewer wallets, we're taking cops off the street — and teachers out of the classroom — to imprison people who pose a low public safety risk.
We'd get much better crime-fighting value by adequately funding law enforcement.
All brands of vigilantism give too much power where there is too little knowledge and public accountability.
We must find a way to mature beyond this emotional approach so that we can base our policies on the evidence of what works to keep us safe.
Noemie Maxwell writes for Washblog.com. Her guest opinion was reprinted from the Independent's sister publication, the Federal Way Mirror.
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We've reported to you about mogul 50 Cents, dedication to feeding a billion children in Africa. 50 teamed up with the energy drink Street King to make it happen, with every purchase of the energy drink, the proceeds go to feed children in Africa.
The last time we reported to you about 50, we informed you that he was going to feed a child with each Like, that the Street King Facebook page received. Well, now 50 has taken his mission a step further. 50 has done what a lot of current artist in his caliber, typically shy away from. In a recent statement on the Street King Facebook page, 50 spoke about a billion people living in poverty around the world, and how large corporations are profiting in excess, while politician appear to be corrupt, yet many people are continuing to struggle financially.
50 credits the entire Occupy Wall Street movement for waking everyone, including himself up. 50 Cent even gave a shout out to the Occupy Wall Street movement for bringing awareness to these issues. We commend 50 for stepping up and shedding light on these issues. We hope this inspires other artist and people, to also speak up and do what they can to help.
To see what 50 said please click on the following link:
Hit the Like button on Facebook and help feed a child in Africa:


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With Mother Nature failing to cooperate, getting back into the swing of things has been a major challenge this spring for the Fort Dodge girls golf program.
Despite the lack of outdoor practice time, third-year head coach Kristi Clark is upbeat about what lies ahead for the Dodgers.
"We've only been outside a total of three full days, so the weather has definitely not been in our favor, but everybody is in the same boat," Clark said. "We've been doing a lot of indoor time and going over both rules and etiquette, because I just can't afford to give up any days.
"We hit whiffle balls off carpet for the first week and a half, and then we upgraded into hitting balls into a net. The Country Club hasn't been open yet, so Lakeside let us hit on the range."
Seniors Angie Ellendson and Sam Berning, along with sophomores Payton Christy and Kylie Kuiper, all lettered for FDSH a year ago. Gone from last season are regulars Courtney Thrams and Alexis Gregerson.
"At least for the first meet, we're just going to have to go with our same girls from last year," said Clark. "Whoever seems to be most confident in their swing, and gives the most support will get an opportunity (on varsity), which is something I expressed to the girls."
Fact Box
Seniors - Sam Berning, Angie Ellendson.
Juniors Bailey Donnelly, Jessica Krause.
Sophomores - Rayni Bidleman, Payton Christy, RyAnn Dawson, Kylie Kuiper, Stephanie Luth, Taylor Maguire, Chloee Narber, Jozlynn Porter.
Freshmen - Payton Crouch, Alexandra Hayes.
(Start times are 3:30 p.m. unless noted)
April 16 - West Des Moines Dowling; 18 - at Ankeny, 9 a.m.; 22 - at Ames, 1 p.m.; 23 - at Marshalltown; 25 - Mason City; 30 - Ames.
May 7 - at Waukee; 9 - St. Edmond; 11 - at Storm Lake, 9 a.m.; 13 - host Dodger Invitational, 10 a.m.; 16 - at CIC meet (in Ankeny), 9 a.m.; 20 - at Class 4A regional tournament, TBA.
Rounding out the rest of the Dodger roster are juniors Bailey Donnelly and Jessica Krause, sophomores Rayni Bidleman, RyAnn Dawson, Stephanie Luth, Taylor Maguire, Chloee Narber and Jozlynn Porter and freshmen Payton Crouch and Alexandra Hayes.
"From the beginning to the end of last year, we made drastic improvement," Clark said. " It seems like this group has a lot of promise.
"I have very high hopes of winning some invitationals and duals, but we need to play smart golf."
Defending Class 4A state champion Waukee and Ankeny appear to be the two most talented opponents on Fort Dodge's schedule.
"Waukee is typically a very strong program, and Ankeny is also a perennial powerhouse that could be at the top of the leaderboard," said Clark. "That level of competition will only help make our girls better."
The Dodgers welcome West Des Moines Dowling in their opener on Tuesday. FDSH hosts its own invitational May 13, while the CIC meet is set for May 16 at Ankeny.


text: Working under licence by Electrolux, Smeg (UK) and other manufacturers, Trade Grade rework and grade domestic appliances to be sold as graded machines.A graded appliance is a product that may have sustained some form of damage between the time it leaves the factory where it has been manufactured and delivery into the UK stores. These appliances are restored to as close as possible to the original condition by Trade Grade, repackaged and sold to the electrical appliance trade.Trade Grade rework appliances using genuine manufacturer spare parts from purpose built workshops in Chelmsford.Trade Grade supply domestic appliances exclusively to trade customers. If you would like to find out more about buying from Trade Grade, please email email@example.com or fax a company letterhead to 08444 77 62 63.


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Video: Would You Genetically Modify Your Baby?
Do you want your baby to be disease-free? Cambrian Genomics is working on it.
Currently scientists are able to do full genome sequencing of embryos. The next step that Cambrian Genomics is studying, says CEO Austen Heinz, is to be able to make the corrections and fixes to make sure that the child doesn't end up with the BRCA gene of breast cancer, doesn't end up with cystic fibrosis, Huntington's disease—any of the single-gene disorders.
The practice is highly controversial, and raises the ethical question of whether parents have the right to alter a child's genes.
Despite that, synthetic DNA is an unregulated business, and in many markets it's possible to make a genetically engineered product without a huge amount of oversight.
"We want to keep it unregulated," CEO Heinz says. "I can't believe that after 10 or 20 years, people will not design their children digitally."
Also: Are 4K televisions here to stay? Prices have fallen, but Internet speeds and a lack of content could limit the TV's function.


text: 3-Pack BPA Free 16oz Collapsible Monster Water Bottle w/ Carabiner Clip Flag this deal What's the matter? Choose a reason Dead deal Duplicate Bad link Spam Inaccurate No value Alive again Edit deal sweetangelxxo Feb 09, 2013 I keep seeing these adorable water bottles!!!..I gotta get one at this price...gift idea?;) Reply iowahawkeyes Feb 06, 2013 If they weren't cool enough already... they put faces on them. god. i need these lol Reply Christine Feb 06, 2013 awww these are too cute! and they're light =) Reply Load More Comments


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BEREA -- Reports already are circulating that the Browns are in talks again with the St. Louis Rams to move up from No. 38 in tonight's second round to the top, No. 33.
The natural assumption is the Browns want to beat the pack to take one of the two hyped quarterbacks who slipped out of the first round, Jimmy Clausen of Notre Dame and Colt McCoy of Texas.
But one source told us that the Browns are not planning to take a quarterback sooner than the fifth round. They want to take players in the first three rounds that are legitimate candidates to start as rookies, or at least to contribute.
If that holds true, here's a list of players the Browns might be interested in taking with their first pick in tonight's second round.
• Offensive lineman Roger Saffold, Indiana: The Bedford native could step in at guard while also serving as a third offensive tackle.
• Safety Nate Allen, South Florida: Not known as a hitter, his coverage skills are good enough that some teams consider him a cornerback.
• Receiver Golden Tate, Notre Dame: His competitiveness jumps out at coaches and scouts, and he's the highest-rated receiver on the board.
• Defensive lineman Linval Joseph, East Carolina: He's capable of playing the nose or end in a 3-4.
• Linebacker Koa Misi, Utah: High character, high intensity hybrid pass rusher .
Your turn: Who should the Browns take in the second round? Poll


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Wanted: Suspects for Robbery in the 26th District
On September 29, 2012, at 3:30am, the complainants, two 25 year-old males, were walking home when two unknown male offenders followed them to the 1800 block of North Hope Street. When the complainants stopped, the offenders approached the complainants and asked for a cigarette. As the one of the complainants were giving the offenders a cigarette, one of the offenders struck the complainants with an unknown object, possibly a rock, causing serious injuries to both complainants head and face. After taking one of the complainant's wallet containing various credit cards, identification, and a cell phone, both offenders fled south on North Hope Street.
- Suspect Description:
Suspect #1: White male, 20-25 years-of-age, 5'9″, light complexion, wearing a dark colored hooded jacket and light colored pants.
Suspect #2: White or mixed race male, 20-25 years-of-age, wearing all dark clothing and a baseball cap.
- To view the surveillance video: Visit The Philadelphia Police YouTube Channel or visit http://phillypolice.com/news
- If you see these suspects do not approach them, contact 911 immediately.
- To submit a tip via telephone, dial 215.686.TIPS (8477) or text a tip to PPD TIP or 773847.
- Use this electronic form to submit a tip anonymously.
If you have any information about this crime or these suspects, please contact:
East Detectives Division
Det. Farward #813


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Zac Efron Shows Off Abs In New Movie
We know Zac Efron is hot. In fact, it's all anyone can talk about when it comes to his new film, Neighbors, co-starring Seth Rogen and Dave Franco. The actor has been photographed countless times in tight pants and tiny tees that show off his ripped chest and bulging err stuff. And the movie is showing off the one real thing it's got going for it: Efron's abs. Just look at the those things heating up in front of the grill. [Insert meat joke here.] If we weren't already excited about the film, we are now. Sadly, it doesn't come out until May of next year.
These boys need to stop torturing themselves! Meaty is a good thing. Early Joey on Friends? Super hot.
He looks great.
when did he develop the fur? it makes him look all grown up and yummy.
Shouldn't that be "Zac Efron sucks,it in"?
Probably competing with Taylor Lautner for the 20something hard body shirtless roles….with that said he def looks better with the man hair, imagine he still shaves his pubes.
Oh Spike, you did NOT just play the pube card.
is there something odd about the photo? he seems to have a dark-coloured square below his navel. like a square of sunburn or something. or is it an illusion cause by the lighting in the photo?
Phew…he looks real good.
I thought nothing was hotter than his Rolling Stone treasure trail cover, but this makes my dick even bigger.
Hi, have you heard about BellyFatTack" yet? Simply copy and paste ????????????.??? to your browser to check out their website! There you can find a useful free video by a longtime medical doctor teaching on how to lose unwanted fat. This helped Cheryl to reduce her belly fat. I will probably give this a shot. I hope it will help you also…
Holy bojangles :p
That dude is fiiiine.
Oh, by the by, when you guys have a minute, would you kindly support and/or share my secret proposal scheme :D ?


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So-called knowledge-based engineering has been on the dream list of engineers for years, and for good reason: Among other things, it captures existing company and engineering knowledge to help engineers automate certain design processes and, thus, concentrate on engineering rather than repetitive tasks. Does it work? Ask Paul Simms, senior project engineer for simulation at Kentucky-based Accuride Corp. (www.accuridecorp.com).
The company designs and manufactures steel and forged-aluminum medium- and heavy-duty truck wheels. In one recent project, engineers cut design time from 30 hours per model to 15 minutes per model, with the help of Design To Order software and processes from Design Automation Associates (www.daasolutions.com). They also cut the one-to-six week prototype design time down to two hours.
Simms says Accuride concentrated initially on automating its finite element analysis process. The company's FEA models often have a million degrees of freedom. Accuride uses modelers from ANSYS for its FEA work. "With the automated process we now have, our engineers only spend five to ten minutes interacting with the model, and then the computer takes over," Simms says. Additionally, he says, they have more flexibility for changing boundaries and load conditions on the models.
That flexibility helped engineers cut the weight of the wheels in their most recent project as well as the design time. "There were four wheels involved, and we were able to cut weight between 4 and 14%," Simms says. The lighter the wheels, the more payload they can carry.


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In the wake of Monday's bombing at the Boston Marathon when a pair of bombs ripped through the crowd near the finish line of the Marathon, killing at least three people and wounding more than 170, support for the victims and the city of Boston has been widespread.
On Tuesday baseball fans in New York and Cleveland expressed their solidarity and support with gestures that produced two iconic photos.
In New York a sign appeared at the top of Yankee Stadium that read "United We Stand" between logos for the New York Yankees and the Boston Red Sox. The Yankees also offered tribute the victims of the Marathon bombings by playing Neil Diamond's "Sweet Caroline," the Fenway Park anthem of rival Red Sox, over the public-address system after the third inning against Arizona Tuesday.
In Cleveland, where the Red Sox met former manager Terry Francona and his Cleveland Indians, a hand-written sign that said 'From our city, to your city: Our hearts and prayers go out to you Boston Love, Cleveland" hung in the Boston dugout. The Sox went on to a claim a 7-2 victory in a game played with heavy hearts.


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Hotels in Brelevenez, France
Search & Compare Brelevenez Hotels
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Trending now in Brelevenez
Hotels in Brelevenez
- Most bookedCerise Lannion
15 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"This hotel is a great place to stay in Lannion. It is very close to the downtown area. The recent renovation has really improved the appearance and quality of the hotel. I skipped the breakfast and bought food at the boulangerie right next to the hotel. Staff was pleasant and helpful. I'd stay t..."
A Traveller, Dec 2015, US
13 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"Stay here for a business trip or just need a comfortable place to sleep and plan to be out most of the day. If you like to hang out in your room, or want to walk to places nearby, or like the luxury of the brighter washroom of hotels, then it's not for you. I stayed 5 nights and it won me ove..."
A Traveller, Jul 2016, CA
13 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
11 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"The Hotel du Port is a great base in the heart of the town. We had a room on the third floor with a great view over the harbour. The room was spacious and comfortable with seats on a small balcony. The breakfast bar is also on the third floor where you can sit and have breakfast with a lovely vi..."
A Traveller, Aug 2016, GB
9 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"It was really close to our wedding reception. Nice utilities for one night. Large breakfast. Hotel just 10-15 min away from the beach. Lovely staff."
A Traveller, Sep 2014, GB
9 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
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"The hotel was very comfortable and clean. Beds were among the most comfortable of our three-week trip. The hotel receptionist was particularly friendly and helpful with recommendations. The hotel was not in the central part of Perros-Guirec but it was a short pleasant walk to the town. About th..."
A Traveller, Sep 2015, US
- Brit Hotel Aux HortensiasNo Guest Reviews yet
Hotels within 10 miles of Brelevenez
17 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"I loved the interior design in this hotel it is so beautiful and zen, so peaceful. Everything was clean, the grounds are so sophisticated. I recommend the breakfast, it was of high quality and the staff kept refurbising it, very attentive to détails. The Manger (or owner??) gave us amazing rec..."
R, Jul 2016, CA
16 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"cant really fault the hotel in either design or style BUT you cant really find anywhere else to eat nearby so youre a captive audience..The restaurant gives the first impression as good ,however ,although we got our wine quite quickly we waited 40 mins before demanding to see a menu which is pret..."
A Traveller, Aug 2015, GB
14 people looked at this hotel in the last hour
Most recent review
"Comfortable hotel in wonderful location near the coast and if you like golf it is even better"
A Traveller, Oct 2015, GB
Best hotels in Brelevenez
If you are looking for Brelevenez hotels in a particular area, you can use the search feature at the top of the page to search by neighborhood, landmark, address or zip code, or you can search by using the built-in map feature. You can also browse hotels in Brelevenez by type, amenities, and star-rating so that you can find the best hotel. Currently, top rated hotels in Brelevenez are:
- Hermitage
- L' Agapa Hôtel Spa Nuxe
- Best Western Les Bains Hôtel & SPA Perros-Guirec
- Kyriad Lannion
- Citotel Les Sternes
The location of your Brelevenez hotel is important. If you are traveling to Brelevenez, &StateorCountry for business, you may want to consider getting a hotel close to the airport or near your meeting venue. By doing so, you can really cut down on transportation costs and time. You may also want to book a hotel that offers free wifi just in case you need to get some work done.
If you are traveling for vacation, figure out which attractions or landmarks you want to see and book a hotel that is within close proximity. Although hotels near attractions might cost a little more, you may find that spending those extra few dollars is worth the convenience. You can even find hotels that align with your interests. For example, if you are looking for a relaxing vacation, a spa hotel may be the perfect choice for you.
You'll also want to determine which type of accommodations will suit your needs before booking a hotel in Brelevenez. If you're traveling with the kiddos, a family friendly hotel will offer larger rooms and more sleeping arrangements. For those traveling for an extended period of time, booking a hotel suite with a kitchenette is a smart move and will feel a little more like home. If you are budget conscience and just need a place to rest your head, a hostel or motel may be all you need.
If you are looking to score the best discounts and deals, use the filter to sort by price from low to high. You can book a hotel in Brelevenez for as low as &PricesFrom per night. If you are looking to cut down on expenses, look for hotels that include free breakfast and parking. Some hotels even offer free shuttle service to and from nearby places. You can also sort by star rating, proximity, and guest rating.
Before you book, check out user reviews. Hotels.com has 0 reviews in Brelevenez. We show reviews from Expedia and TripAdvisor so you know that you are reading genuine, reliable reviews. Be sure to download the Hotels.com app so you can book your reservations on the go, view amenities, and save the hotels you want to view and compare later.


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Vancouver Family Photographer Jenn Di Spirito Photography
Vancouver family photographer takes the stress out of family photographs for families of busy professionals.
Vancouver family photographer Jenn Di Spirito creates emotion-filled family portraits with a custom-designed plan for how to hang them in your home. We take the guesswork out of what to wear and your session location, all while ensuring you look and feel beautiful in your family photographs.
firstname.lastname@example.com 604.866.3325 Located in Vancouver, BC
You're busy with family, work and enjoying life. Which is why our monthly shot of style and insight directly to your inbox inspires you to make the most of the time with your family - and then get those memories on the wall!
Enter your email below and we'll send you the 'Top 3 Mistakes to Avoid When Displaying Family Photographs' download. Each month you'll receive a dose of subscriber-only goodness designed to inspire you to display family photographs in your home in a contemporary yet elegant way.


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Watch George Soros tell Chrystia why he thinks it will take years for Germany to realize that Europe needs additional stimulus and why he would be loading up on Italian government bonds if he were still an active investor.
Chrystia Freeland
Canadian FinMin tells Europe to follow U.S. example
Canadian Finance Minister Jim Flaherty stopped by the Reuters studio this morning to chat with Chrystia about the impact of Europe's debt crisis on Canada. He said the situation in Europe "poses a danger" and that if it gets out of control, the crisis could lead to a repeat of what happened to the financial markets in 2008. He urged the Europeans to follow the course America took in 2008 and substantially increase the amount of capital in the stabilization fund:


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Those who want to maintain or lose weight often times focus on the negatives and the notion of giving up certain foods.
"Rather than seeing these diets as taking foods away, we can view nutrition as a way to add very tasty and pleasing foods that will help us heal and manage our weight," said Dave Bollman, executive chef at Lutheran.
Bollman will be presenting a free Best of Times seminar "Food is Medicine" for people of all ages. It will be held on May 16 at 6:30 p.m. in the Lutheran Chapel. RSVPs are appreciated by calling Patty Eckwahl at 720-9122 before May 13.
Article Photos
Dave Bollman, executive chef at Lutheran, explains to Diana Pillittieri, social worker at Hultquist Place Assisted Living, the health benefits of plant-based foods on a person's overall well being. He will be presenting the topic of "Food is Medicine," May 16, at 6:30 p.m. in the Lutheran Chapel for anyone interested in a positive approach to healthy eating.
Bollman is a chef with Morrison's Hospitality Services.
"Health care providers are our largest group of customers," he said. "We want to do our part to help people heal. A common sense approach to food preparation can make a big difference, and a pleasing diet can supplement the care plan for those with chronic illness, diet restrictions and those wanting to manage their weight."
Morrison has made a commitment to adopt standards for: nutrition labeling, healthy food marketing, wellness meal offerings, elimination of deep fat fryers, increases in healthy beverages and increases in fruits and vegetables offered to their clients.
"In our older adults, weight loss is one of the first signs we see when a person declines," said Diana Pillittieri, social worker with Hultquist Place Assisted Living. "Our residents love variety, and chef Dave is very creative when he plans their menu. We can see a difference in their wellbeing when they have a good appetite."
The Best of Times Seminar Series is sponsored by Edgewood Communities at Lutheran. Edgewood Communities is located on the Lutheran Campus off Falconer Street in Jamestown. For more information about the seminar or Lutheran Housing, call Eckwahl or log onto www.lutheran-jamestown.org/senior-housing.


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