text:
Former Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson says the club would be 'stupid' to sack David Moyes after less than a season.
United have struggled in Moyes' first campaign as manager and sit seventh in the English Premier League after 22 rounds with 11 wins, four draws and seven defeats.
The reigning Premier League champions have also been eliminated from both the FA and League Cups, although they remain alive in the UEFA Champions League.
United's poor results and form have led to speculation the perennial league contenders will sack Moyes less than a year into his six-year contract but Ferguson has rubbished the suggestion, saying consistency and patience are critical to long-term success.
"I can never understand why clubs change managers so quickly," the 72-year-old said.
"They (board members) must discuss the qualities of the manager they are going to offer the job to (and) you must look at his CV – the character, the philosophy he has, surely.
"Now if that is the way they have gone about giving the man the job, why don't they persist with it? It seems so stupid to me.
"There is no need to go down that road (of sacking managers).
"United can do anything. They have got that great philosophy and history, they will always do well."
When Ferguson took over at Old Trafford, he had won 10 major trophies with Aberdeen in the Scottish First Division but it took him six seasons to win the league in England.
United finished 11th, second, 11th, 13th, sixth and second before Ferguson notched his first league title with the club during the 1992-93 season.
Twelve more league titles followed before Ferguson retired at the end of last term - after again leading United to the championship - but the club director believes he has never seen a season like the 2013-14 Premier League campaign.
"This year for the first time it really looks as if five or six could be involved (in the title race), so it's a great Premier League," Ferguson said.
"It's still not an easy league to win. I think the English game is the most honest and is the hardest league to win in terms of the competition you face. You can lose to anyone."
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Hotel in Xianyang (People's Republic of China) : 53 hotels found
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Caiyuan Hotel 4 star Hotel
1 West Weiyang Road - Xianyang - See on map
This hotel is the closest to Xianyang The Caiyuan Hotel is a four-star hotel situated in the heart of Xiangyang. Convenient for tourists and business travelers alike, it surrounds travelers with the conveniences that make business and le...More Info
Xianyang Irico Hotel 3 star Hotel
1 Caihong Road (Caihong Lu) - Xianyang - See on map
Xianyang Irico Hotel is close to Xianyang The Xianyang Irico Hotel (Xianyang Caihong Binguan) is located on Caihong Road, Xianyang, within easy reach of downtown. Getting to the hotel just takes 25 minutes from the airport and 10 minutes from...More Info
Xian Snail Chain Traders Hongguang Road Hotel 3 star Hotel
No.58 Hong Guang Road - Xianyang - See on map
With its central location, Xian Snail Chain Traders Hongguang Road Hotel is within easy reach of most tourist attractions and business addresses in Xian. With the guests' convenience in mind, each o...More Info
XI AN GARDEN HOTEL 0 star Hotel
40 YANYIN RD DAYAN TOWER - 710061 Xianyang - See on map
The xian garden hotel captures the spirit of the tang dynasty. Standing besides the big wild goose pagoda, the hotel features a spacious garden, museum, and theater restaurant. The xian garden hotel b...More Info
JIANGUO HOTEL XI AN 3 star Hotel
2 HUZHU RD XIAN SHANXI - 710048 Xianyang - See on map
The towering Swiss??tel Dalian is located in the downtown business and retail shopping district of Dalian, a 20-minutes drive from Dalian International Airport and a five-minute ride from the main rai...More Info
Empark Grand Hotel 4 star Hotel
19 JIANG ONG ROAD - 710000 Xianyang - See on map
The Empark Grand Hotel is a business hotel located in Xi'an's east economic development area and is within easy reach of Xingqing Park and the Terracotta Warriors.On site, there are conference and mee...More Info
KING DYNASTY HOTEL 0 star Hotel
1 Daqing Road - 710082 Xianyang - See on map
King dynasty hotel covers 50thousand squaremeters,which has 25 floors in the head buliding. It isconviently located in the jumping off point of thesilk rode, close to west door. The room is comfortabl...More Info
Xi An Hotel 0 star Hotel
NO 36 NORTH SECTION CHANGAN R - 710061 Xianyang - See on map
The xian hotel is the finest international 4-star hotel in shanxi. The hotel is a modern tourist hotel, situated right outside the city s south gate, close to the famous small wild goose pagoda. Dista...More Info
Xian Bell Tower Hotel 3 star Hotel
NO.110 South Street - 710001 Xianyang - See on map
Bell Tower Hotel Xian, which is a foreign-oriented tourism hotel, and also one of the earliest joint venture hotels in Xian, is situated in the booming downtown area of Xian, overlooking the Bell Towe...More Info
Xian Wannian Hotel 0 star Hotel
NO 93 CHANGLE ZHONG ROAD - 710032 Xianyang - See on map
Xian wannian hotel is a 5 star hotel that situates at xian one of the busiest business street. There are totally 330 rooms and all of them are featured with modern facilities. Taste different kinds of...More Info
Jianguo 4 star Hotel
No.2 Huzhu Road, Xincheng District - 710048 Xianyang - See on map
Of a Luxury category, the Jianguo has all the comforts such as : Bar, Front Desk 24hr, Business Center, Laundry services, Television, Satellite Television.It is situated at No.2 Huzhu Road, Xincheng D...More Info
Quest International 4 star Hotel
328 HUANCHENG WEST ROAD Xian - 710082 Xianyang - See on map
This 246-room, air-conditioned city hotel offers a range of facilities to its guests, including a lobby, 24-hour reception and check-out service, hotel safe, currency exchange facilities, cloakroom an...More Info
Howard Johnson Xian 2 star Hotel
18 W SECTION HUANCHENG S ROAD - 710068 Xianyang - See on map
The Howard Johnson Xian is comprised of two buildings (including a glass-enclosed lobby) that are located approximately 100 meters from the city's 600-year-old wall and the South Gate. Xian Xianyang I...More Info
Hotel Royal Xian 3 star Hotel
344 DONG DA JIE - Xianyang - See on map
Located on the city's prosperous Dung Da Street, the Hotel Royal Xi'an proudly offers ideal access to shopping and sightseeing delights. All 439 guest rooms, including 31 suites, boast air conditionin...More Info
Grand Soluxe International Hotel Xian 0 star Hotel
NO.177 Jiefang Road Xincheng - 710004 Xianyang - See on map
The Grand Soluxe International Hotel Xian is within easy access to the famous shopping and entertainments.The hotel features 24-hour front desk assistance, meeting facilities, parking (surcharge), con...More Info
Dynasty Hotel 3 star Hotel
55 West Huan Cheng Road - 710082 Xianyang - See on map
Property Type HotelYear Built 1990 Year Remodeled 2001A Charming First Class Hotel Located By The City Wall....More Info
GRAND NEW WORLD HOTEL XIAN 4 star Hotel
172 Lian Hu Lu - 710002 Xianyang - See on map
Grand new world hotel located within xians city walls we have strived to achieve a balance between the ancient and the new. With world-class facilities and services designed to please even the most se...More Info
Golden Flower Hotel Xian 5 star Hotel
8 CHANG LE ROAD WEST - 710032 Xianyang - See on map
Shangri-La Golden Flower is approximately a 10-minute drive from the historic city center, with easy access to the famous Terracotta Warriors Museum. Hotel amenities include the fitness center, indoo...More Info
Orient Hotel 4 star Hotel
393 ZHUQUE STREET Xian - 710061 Xianyang - See on map
Xi An Orient Hotel Is A 4 Star Hotel That Located In The Suburb Of Xian City. Nearby, There Are Scenic Spots Such As The Big Pagoda, Xiaoyan Pagoda, Shaanxi History Museum, Big Xingshan Temple, Etc. T...More Info
Xi An Tangcheng Hotel 0 star Hotel
229 SOUTH HANGUANG RD - 710065 Xianyang - See on map
XIAN TANGCHENG HOTEL IS A 4 STAR HOTEL THAT LOCATED IN THECULTURAL DISTRICT OF THE XIAN CITY, CLOSE TO THEINTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION CENTER. THE HOTEL IS ONLY 10MINUTES BY CAR FROM THE CITY CENTER, 15 M...More Info
Your selection: Hotel in Xianyang (People's Republic of China) : 53 hotels found
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
I'm curious about BEN's behaviour over the last few days and wouldn't mind some analysis help.
It has had 2 days of high gains and massive volume.
Today has been much lighter volume (near 'normal' levels) and had an early dip in the price ... but has now come back to be around what it finished on yesterday (at the time I write this post).
What does this signal?
I'm not much one for day to day type analysis (still learning), but I'm curious as to what this could mean? It seems too light on volume to be considered "consolidation" of the new high price before moving higher, but I can't figure out then if it means the price will stay here or drop again?


text:
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so I have a theme going on here, last week my nails were strangely similar to this weeks BUT, this week has a twist !!!
I went with OPI`s "you don`t know Jaques" however - this baby is a suede finish. to be honest, I didn`t know what a suede finish was when I bought it - like 3 yrs ago - I can`t say I`d call it suede, it`s totally a matte finish and I know if I were to add a top coat it would look like the regular Jaques but honestly, when I added the glitter, I kinda really liked the contrast of the finishes
see? now let me explain something about the suede finish, it makes application a little difficult because it dries down so fast and it starts to turn matte super quick so by the time you do one side of your nail the other is dry and if you attempt to go over that dry side you smudge it - case in point - my pinky nail.
another epic fail in this mani was the glitter application, apparently the suede finish didn`t like having a glittery coat like Sinful Colors "jewelry heist" over it so it smudged all weird even though it was dry already, arggg, I attempted to fix it but it there was nothing I could do short of removing it and starting over, yeah, like THAT would happen
at the end of it all, Jaques is a beautiful color, the suede finish is quite unique and I am not sorry at all I own it, jewelry heist happens to be one of my favorite glitters and guess what? the official Sinful Colors on IG liked my picture, oh yeah, feeling real good about that LOL
Source link: http://suesprettythings.blogspot.com/2012/12/notd-opi-and-sinful-colors.html


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Croma CRXT1172By Croma Tablets
Status: Available
Lowest Price: 694
- 7 inches
- 600 x 1024 pixels
- 170 PPI Density
- 2 MP Primary
- 0.3 MP Front
- Digital Zoom
- 1 GHz
- Rockchip
- 3000 mAh
Croma CRXT1172 Price in India
Croma CRXT1172 7-inch 4GB Kids Tablet (Blue)
- Manufacturer Warranty
- Original bill
- EMI Available
- Return Policy
- Cash on Delivery
- Free Shipping
- Delivery: 7-8 days
- The best price of Croma CRXT1172 is 694 at Tatacliq.com in India on 28th October 2016.
- Above are the lowest prices for Croma CRXT1172 collected from popular online stores. Mobikart does not charge you anything extra for its services.
- EMI / Installments facility is available for buying Croma CRXT1172 if you are using your credit card.
- Cash on Delivery (COD) can also be availed depending on your location.
- Croma CRXT1172 can be delivered at the above price across 100's of Indian cities including Delhi (NCR), Bangalore, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Chennai and Pune.
- Keep yourself updated about Croma CRXT1172 Price In India by setting a price drop alert with us.
- We expect all sellers listed above to provide a valid tax invoice for any purchase you make.
Full Specifications of Croma CRXT1172 (Released,October 22, 2013)
- Screen Size
- 7 inches
- Screen Resolution
- 600 x 1024 pixels
- Pixel Density
- Display Type
- TFT Capacitive Touchscreen, Multi-touch
- Rear Camera Resolution
- Front Camera Resolution
- Camera Features
- Digital Zoom
- Digital Zoom
- Bluetooth
- No
- Internal Storage
- Card Slot/Expandable
- microSD, Up to 32 GB
- Other
- 4GB storage, microSD card slot
- Battery Capacity
- 3000 mAh
- Brand
- Croma
- Chipset
- Rockchip
- Processor
- 1 GHz
General Specifications
- Operating System
- Android
- OS Version
- Android v4.1 (Jelly Bean)
- Weight
- 300 grams
- Dimensions
- 122.3 x 183.3 x 11 mm
- Yes
- Wi-Fi
- Yes, Wi-Fi 802.11, b/g/n
Other Features
Find dealers for Croma CRXT1172 Tablet in your City:
List of local dealers selling Croma CRXT1172 Tablet in your city.
RAM Below Average
STORAGE Below Average
BATTERY Below Average
Display Size Below Average
Display PPI Below Average
WEIGHT Above Average
Camera Resolution Below Average
Front Camera Below Average
Spec Score Best
Key Specifications Review of Croma CRXT1172
- Quite Big Screen - 7 inches Reading, browsing internet and watching videos is more pleasing experience on a bigger screen.
- Not Very Sharp Screen - 170 PPI Lower Resolution will lave less sharp display. Images, videos and text will look less sharp or may appear a bit blurr.
- TFT Capacitive Touchscreen, Multi-touch TFT Screens offer good viewing angles and decrease battery life
- Less RAM - 512 MB Having lots of RAM allows more applications to run at the same time making the phone faster.
- 2 MP Rear Camera Average Resolution camera that capture less vibrant images without focusing much on details.
- 0.3 MP Front Camera Average Resolution camera that capture less vibrant selfies, low quality videocalling without focusing much on details.
- No Flash Having a camera flash allows you to take photos in low light.
- No Autofocus Without Autofocus, the camera of the mobile is will not be able to focus on the subject automatically.
- Heavy Weight - 300g Holding Heavy weight mobile phones for long time will make your arms tired.
- Limited Storage Capacity - 4 GB Less internal storage may limit installation of more apps, storing songs, images, videos, etc.
- Supports Memory Card - microSD, Up to 32 GB Having no Memory cards restricts extra storage capacity. You cannot store more songs, photos and videos.
- High Battery Life - 3000 mAh Higher Battery capacities generally mean longer battery life that runs atleast for a day or two. The Battery life also depends on screen size, processor, OS, personal useage and other factors.
- Supports 3G 3G Enabled Handsets give you more download speed and a faster internet experience. 3G enables fast internet access, high speed downloads and access to lot other internet features.
- Supports WiFi Connect to wifi hotspots in your area or other devices to your mobile.
- Has 3.5mm Headphone Jack 3.5mm Jack enables you to connect to large number of other devices such as speakers, headphones etc...
Croma CRXT1172 Tablet Key Features
Released,October 22, 2013 by Croma - Croma CRXT1172 priced at 694. Croma CRXT1172 features a display of 7 inches & screen Resolution of 600 x 1024 pixels with TFT Capacitive Touchscreen, Multi-touch and pixel density of 170 PPI. Croma CRXT1172 comes with 2 MP of Primary Camera and 0.3 MP of Front camera, and powered by 1 GHz processor paired with 512 MB RAM, tablet runs on Android v4.1 (Jelly Bean) operating system with a battery of 3000mAh. It measures 122.3 x 183.3 x 11 mm and weighs 300 gms. , built-in storage of 4GB storage, microSD card slot. Connectivity options of the Croma CRXT1172 include 3G, Wlan Wi-Fi 802.11, b/g/n.


text:
Sound Start Orange Booster - Goldilocks
Written by John Jackman, Hilary Frost
Illustrated by
Lovereading4kids Price £2.63
£3.29 saving £0.66 (20%)
when in stock
As soon as this book is back in stock we will send you an email.Compare book price We'd love you to buy your books from Lovereading - especially if we helped you to choose them! But as our mantra is guidance, and that includes guidance on price, please do use our 'Compare Book Price' service to discover if the best value deal is from Lovereading or another specialist bookstore.
Sound Start Orange Booster - Goldilocks by John Jackman, Hilary FrostA graded, phonics based series of readers for Grades R-3 learners that has a clear, logically structured format. The high-interest realistic and adventure stories help children to practice and consolidate phonic patterns. The range of fiction and non-fiction readers, Poetry, Playscripts and Big Books come with superb support resources. These include Flipover Books for interactive teaching, and a practical TeacherAs Resource File comprising levelled, photocopiable material to support the Core and Booster readers. Features and Benefits Rigorous phonic structure to practice phonic patterns Straightforward to use Stands alone or alongside other schemes Appealing multicultural characters
About the Author
Other Formats
Book Info
16 pages
Interest Age: 4-7 years
John Jackman, Hilary Frost
More books by John Jackman, Hilary Frost
Publication date
7th May 1998
I love all the books they recommend & put up for me to review. I also love the fact that they give new authors the chance to share their booDaisy Pennock – age 15
Writing reviews help the children with their literacy skills and we always read the books together which gives us good quality family time!Cat Bisland (on behalf of the Bi
Lovereading is just a convenient way to find new books and hear others opinions on them.Sarah Murray – age 15
We love Lovereading4kids because they put books in front of us we wouldn't otherwise have read. They make us more adventurous readers!Emily Jacques
It is fantastic, you get to read lots of books and you always find something new and amazing in them.Erica Motoc, age 7
We love Lovereading4kids because they put books in front of us we wouldn't otherwise have read. They make us more adventurous readers!Emily Jacques
You give me age appropriate ideas of books I can read and buy for the children and find out what other children their age think of them too.Katie Lonsdale
A great way to introduce kids to great books, authors & genres. Parents can find age-appropriate books to share with their children.Judi Davies – Aberdare Girls Sch


text:
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AmeriBag Healthy Back Tech Bag® Tote. An adventuresome bag fit for the active lifestyle!
Camping, hiking, biking, school... here's ONE Bag for your WHOLE busy scene! There's plenty of space for books and gear in the roomy main compartment, plus a separate zipper compartment for footwear, wet gear, dirty clothes, and anything else.
It's ergonomically designed for a comfortable wear (the Healthy Back Bag way!), and features an extra strap to keep the Bag in place while hiking, biking, or whenever you want your hands free. Made from durable ripstop nylon for years of wear abuse. Measures 19 x 12 x 7 1/2" deep. Includes a detachable mesh shower caddy, perfect for campsite showers!
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Video After The Jump
G.O.O.D. Music artist Big Sean celebrated his 25th birthday in style. Although he was a little under the weather, Sean did it big by chilling with Snoop Dogg in Detroit, performing in Syracuse, hitting up Los Angeles and hanging…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 30, 2013 at 10:00am — 2 Comments
Wyclef Jean's Refugee All-Star Sound will be back at Drom NYC again on April 2nd for Tuesday Night Live.
Joining the former Fugees singer/rapper will be Sedeck Jean and Sean Da Entertainer. The event is being hosted by Jack…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 30, 2013 at 9:30am — 4 Comments
Video After The Jump
G-Unit emcee Lloyd Banks invaded Lowell, Massachusetts on Wednesday March 27th, for a show at Brian's Ivy Hall. The undisputed Punch Line King treated the audience to a variety of hits from his catalog including "Fly Like the…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 30, 2013 at 9:00am — 32 Comments
Check out Stress Dollaz in Nils Van Zandt new single In Need Of Love below.
Nils Van Zandt Feat. Lynn Larouge & Stress Dollaz - In Need Of Love
After just under several months since the ' I'M SO NECESSARY' album was released and his 7 weeks reign on the top 200 national and top 50 independent charts Stress Dollaz is Still on the move and this time on the…Continue
Added by ThisIs50 on March 29, 2013 at 2:00pm — No Comments
Video After The Jump
Star doesn't hold back in the latest episode of Star & Buc Wild show. The controversial and hilarious radio host goes in on R. Kelly's new "Trapped in the Closet," Sean Penn and his racist son, the…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 29, 2013 at 10:00am — 8 Comments
Rogizz aka Black Blago - A Day In The Life Of A Skitzo
twitter - @rogizz
Added by Dj Smoke on March 29, 2013 at 3:58am — No Comments
Pics After The Jump
Drake headed back to his hometown of Toronto to shoot the music video for his song "5AM In Toronto." Produced by Boi-1da, the clip was filmed at Beach Blast. Check out some pics from the set below courtesy of…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 28, 2013 at 3:00pm — 6 Comments
Video And Pics After The Jump
Gucci Mane remains behind bars today after he was denied bond during a court appearance yesterday in Atlanta.
Gucci is charged with aggravated assault for allegedly hitting a 32-year old soldier, identified as James…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 28, 2013 at 12:30pm — 59 Comments
Gucci Mane has been arrested for assaulting a soldier recently at Harlem Nights nightclub in Atlanta.
As we previously reported, a 32-year old Army veteran…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 27, 2013 at 11:30am — 32 Comments
Video After The Jump
50 Cent is out in Germany promoting his movie All Things Fall Apart, which will hit theaters there on March 28th. He stopped by TV Total to discuss the project, how he lost 55 pounds to accurately play the role of a cancer patient…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 27, 2013 at 10:00am — 7 Comments
New York Giants player Shaun Rogers learned a hard lesson about picking up strangers and taking them home for the night.
The 34-year old defensive end was partying at Miami Beach's Club Liv inside the Fontainebleau Hotel Monday when he…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 26, 2013 at 7:30pm — 48 Comments
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InFlexWeTrust hosted The Diplomats' concert celebrating the 10th anniversary of their first album Diplomatic Immunity last night at B.B. Kings.
Dipset members J.R. Writer, Freekey…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 26, 2013 at 10:00am — 16 Comments
Papoose' Long Awaited "Nacirema Dream" Album is In Stores Now!!! Make Sure You Go Out & Support The Project!!
Added by G-Unit Promotions on March 25, 2013 at 4:05pm — 12 Comments
Video After The Jump
Sway is a master when it comes to getting emcees to drop freestyles on his Sway in the Morning show. During the SXSW Festival, T.I. stopped by and wound up spitting a few bars a capella.
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 25, 2013 at 10:30am — 25 Comments
Meek Mill is looking to keep expanding his resume'. Already an accomplished rapper, The Philadelphia native recently formed his own record label, Dream Chasers. He's now become an author with the upcoming release of his novel titled Tony Story.
Check the plot…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 24, 2013 at 12:00pm — 33 Comments
Future is learning a valuable lesson regarding talking too much about his baller status.
The rapper and his baby's mother Jessica Smith negotiated a deal in January for him to pay…Continue
Added by ChasinDatPaper on March 24, 2013 at 9:00am — 35 Comments


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After spending the weekend recuperating from the deathblow Paramount gave Anchorman 2, we've returned to even crappier news. The studio may have also killed the long awaited Zoolander sequel. The announcement came via Ben Stiller's Twitter, where he stated his doubts regarding the return of Derek and Hansel to the big screen.
Twitter has become the go to tool for directors and actors to keep fans informed of the latest happenings behind closed doors. Anchorman helmer Adam McKay spread the word of his film's demise on his official page and now Stiller is doing the same. According to him,
"Ron Burgundy and Derek Zoolander looking to appear in sequels. Both men destitute, without means or intellect to fund their own comebacks."
Damn, damn, damn!!! Even though the actor didn't clarify beyond this statement, we think its fair to say Paramount didn't want to cough up a big budget to make another film. The last time we checked, Stiller and Justin Theroux were working on a new script but after this pre-production probably won't go beyond that.
It amazes us how studios can spend money of the dumbest, most mundane films (i.e. Strange Wilderness), yet something that has a cult following and is actually funny can't get green lit.
What do you think of Paramount's decision not to produce a sequel to Zoolander? Was it the wrong or right move?


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Sportingbet has announced a write-down of £310m directly relating to its
forced pullout from the US.
The company disclosed the figures in its final results, which showed that it
still generated revenues of almost £1.1bn, excluding discontinued operations.
The £310.4m write-down resulted from impairment losses connected with the
disposal of its US business, reorganisation costs and goodwill impairment of its
US-facing sports betting and casino business.
UK gaming companies were cut off from the lucrative American market after the
Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act was passed by US Congress last year.
Further reading:
Tilly joins bid to overturn US online gaming ban
Related reading
Colin: Start-ups want less taxing times…
Does Darwin's theory apply to taxation? Colin ponders...
HMRC in breach of confidentiality laws, finds Supreme Court
"The whole idea of HMRC officials supplying confidential information about individuals to the media on a non-attributable basis is, or should be, a matter of serious concern," say Supreme Court judges
European Commission told to draft financial transaction tax by year-end
The EC has been instructed to draft a European Union (EU) directive authorising an EU financial transaction tax, which would apply to ten of the EU's 28 member states
Concerns raised for tax-paying non-doms
UK-based non-doms have paid ten times more tax than the average taxpayer, raising concerns over the Brexit impact on non-dom contributions and therefore, the economy


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Division I football programs like Ohio State have to work with a scholarship limit of 85 players imposed by the NCAA. 85 players may seem like a large number to some, but is it truly enough? Some people may think it is actually too many, but others think it should be higher.
In today's Captain's Corner Audio, 1998 OSU captain Jerry Rudzinski discusses the scholarship limit today and why it may not be high enough for programs like Ohio State. Today's version comes in MP3 format and is about 2.5 MB. Click below to listen:


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Business Development Specialist
PChome (Thailand) Co., Ltd.
jobsDB ref: JTH300003001214165
Business Development
We're the leading E-Commerce company in Taiwan,
with over 15 years E-Commerce experience, the company strives to provide the ultimate easy, safe and fun online shopping experience!
Job Description
- Outbound calls to build relationships and set meeting with partners.
- Demonstrate high energy, bring positive attitude and making a lot of happy phone calls.
- Learn and understand how E-Commerce works.
- Keep thinking ideas for reaching to your goal,
In this Position, we hope you're
- Positive and Curious Person, love to chatting up with people you don't know and being comfortable to drive the conversion for your team,
- Believe result matter most.
- Self-motivated, chasing your goal and do what it takes to win.
Buckle up, and Enjoy the trip with experienced team!
jobsDB will send your application for review directly to PChome (Thailand) Co., Ltd.
About PChome (Thailand) Co., Ltd.
As major player within the e-commerce industry PChome Thailand Co.,Ltd. is a joint-venture between the biggest e-commerce platform in Taiwan PChome Online Inc. and Cal-Comp Electronics (Thailand) Public Company Limited. With over 15 years e-commerce experience, the company strives to provide the ultimate easy, safe and fun online shopping experience! More information of our company can be obtained in our website: http://corporate.pchome.com.tw/?lang=eng or http://www.pchome.co.th
Something suspicious? Report this job ad


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Fixed-Price - Expert ($$$) - Est. Budget: $200 - PostedSkills: Pay Per Click Advertising Content Writing Google AdWords Internet Marketing
Hi I need assistance in my project for my business in real estate. I am a realtor and need to drive traffic to my website which has a great platform in converting leads but I do need the leads thru google adwords specifically. I want to spend around $ 200 dollars in management fee monthly and wish to spend and paid directly to google ad words around $ 300 dollars in ads. in the beginning and grow from there hopefully.


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Gas prices are high, but students from Drexel University have created the "Green Dragon," a solar-powered car of the future that gets about 3,000 miles per gallon. See what the vehicle can do.
Published at 11:15 PM GMT on Apr 26, 2011 | Updated at 11:24 PM GMT on Apr 26, 2011


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Format: Calendar
Language: English
Format: PDF / Kindle / ePub
Size: 8.91 MB
Downloadable formats: PDF
Pages: 24
Publisher: Andrews McMeel Publishing; Min Wal edition (July 7, 2015)
Black Cats Calendar 2016: 16 Month Calendar
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What Cats Teach Us 2017 Wall Calendar
They were also able to diagnose and treat a variety of animal illnesses. Animal care flourished in Egypt where medical diviners tended to sacred animals, fattening them for slaughter for human consumption and sacrifices to the gods. Although many of the animals in Egypt were associated with certain gods, goddesses and characteristics, many of them were also used for practical purposes ref.: Cat Naps 2008 Wall Calendar download pdf projectsforpreschoolers.com. We believe that every pet owner should have fair and equal access to health and emergency care for their beloved pet, no matter what their financial circumstances, and treat our clients with compassion, respect and care download. The use of wheelie bins has rundown many foxes from an easy food source. One of the pest-controller, Edinburgh holds that the fox calls have become doubled in the recent times , source: Cats 2015 Mini Day-to-Day Calendar Cats 2015 Mini Day-to-Day Calendar. We also have some cats who would be well-suited to farm life that you can learn more about here. We are happy to help you find the perfect pet. Check out live video of adoptable cats in two of our kitty condos: Have fun viewing our cats! Please note that you may see PHS/SPCA employees in our rooms during the early am hours (and all hours), as we have staff onsite 24/7, and they may deactivate our cameras temporarily while cleaning ref.: Bad Cat Wall Calendar 2009 read online http://projectsforpreschoolers.com/books/bad-cat-wall-calendar-2009. Trimethoprim/sulfonamide combinations should be avoidedin certain breeds, especially the dobermann and weimeraner, because of the risk of druginduced autoimmune joint disease and skin disease. Dose rate: 15-30mg/kg orally, once to twice a day if the pet is a cat or a dog under 4kg. Two references [23,25] suggested a dose rate of 15mg/kg twice daily for cats , source: 2015 Kittens Deluxe Pocket download pdf http://info.globalrunfun.com/?lib/2015-kittens-deluxe-pocket-engagement-calendar. I can be tried with dogs if needed, and as I am so sweet I would probably be fine with children who are used to cats , cited: 2012 Masamune Shirow Calendar - Saber Tooth Cats 4 http://99propertyguru.in/library/2012-masamune-shirow-calendar-saber-tooth-cats-4.
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text: Watch This Biker Fly Downhill With His Gigantic Balls of SteelEric Limer3/02/13 9:00pmFiled to: watch thisBikingMountain BikingSportsdownhill88EditPromoteDismissUndismissHideShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink Biking down to the store to pick up a two liter of soda is one thing. Bombing down a steep street at full speed, throwing all caution to the wind is another, and Marcelo Gutierrez is a pro at it. This is is winning run from the recent Valparaiso Urban Downhill competition, and it's enough to make your palms sweat. Good job Marcelo, but next time I want to see some unicycling. [Reddit]Gear from Kinja DealsBestsellers: Leviton 15-Amp USB Charger ReceptacleCasper's New Box Spring Is a Miracle of SimplicityGet On The Right Track With Amazon's Sale on Fila Adventure JacketsReply88 repliesLeave a reply


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Ext Spring, Utility, Stl, 3 OAL, 3/8 OD, PK3
VALUE BRAND |Zoro #: G1110024|Mfr #: 1NAC3
Zoro #: G1110024Mfr. Part #: 1NAC3
Zoro Customers Also Bought
Technical Specifications
|Zoro #: G1110024 Mfr #: 1NAC3
|Coils Per Inch: -
|Overall Length: 3"
|Material: High Carbon Steel
|Item: Extension Spring
|Constant: -
|Fabric Sleeve Outside Dia.: -
|Load (Lbs.): 3.8
|End Type: Crossover Center Loops
|Wire Dia.: 0.035"
|Type: Utility
|Outside Dia.: 3/8"
|Finish: Zinc Plated
|Spring Rate (Lbs./In.): 0.82
|Initial Tension (Lbs.): -
|Deflection @ Load: 3.84"
|Meets/Exceeds: ASTM A227
|Country of Origin (subject to change): United States
Product Description
Extension Spring, Utility, High Carbon Steel, Zinc Plated, End Type Crossover Center Loops, Overall Length 3 In, Outside Dia 3/8 In, Wire Dia 0.035 In, Load 3.80 Lbs, Deflection @ Load 3.84 In, Spring Rate 0.82 Lbs/In, Meets/Exceeds ASTM A227, Package 3


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Premier League News
Dyche: Southampton were too strong for us
Sean Dyche credits Southampton's effort and a penalty not being awarded for Burnley's 3-1 loss at St. Mary's.
Puel: Saints' fighting spirit crucial in win
Claude Puel applauds Southampton's attitude against Burnley as they earned a 3-1 win at St. Mary's.
Dele Alli enjoying advanced role with Tottenham: 'I like scoring goals'
Tottenham have subtly changed systems in the past month and Dele Alli says he is enjoying playing closer to the opposition's goal.
Sergio Aguero won't have penalty duties taken from him - Pep Guardiola
Sergio Aguero won't be taken off penalty-taking duties at Manchester City despite missing two spot-kicks in the space of five days.
Foster stars but West Brom rue conceding another late goal
West Brom ratings: A game that could have been lost was almost won, which leaves Baggies' fans with mixed feelings, writes Matt Evans.
Burnley's Sean Dyche 'stunned' by penalty decision vs. Southampton
Dyche's side were comfortably beaten in the end but they had a strong penalty appeal turned down with the game in the balance.


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neurosurgeonnoun [ C ]uk /ˈnjʊə.rəʊˌsɜː.dʒən/ us /ˈnʊr.oʊˌsɝː.dʒən/ specialized
Thesaurus: synonyms and related words
Medical studies & the people who study them
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(Definition of "neurosurgeon" from the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press)
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a large, round vegetable with hard, yellow or orange flesh
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Question about Vacuums
Genesis model roller doesn't roll, belt is ok , is roller supposed to roll if carpet is high?? my carpet is low knap?
Posted by decidious on
Belts can look ok, but after a short period stretch so they won't turn the brush roll under load, if you have never changed it, and if it is a flat belt, I would try a new one.
Posted on Feb 17, 2008
Tips for a great answer:
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Mar 19, 2009 | Electrolux Epic 3500 Vacuum
Jul 16, 2008 | Hoover U6437-900 / U6439-900 Windtunnel...
Hi Ecomama,
Check your Brush, it may not be rolling freely. I had to clean string and hair and fiber out from ar0und the ends to get the brush to roll freely. This will cause the belt to get hot and come off. just clean out the Brush ends.
Oct 23, 2007 | Bissell 3594 CleanView PowerTrak Bagless...
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SUKKUR: A 30 feet breach appeared in the Korai Wah canal near Panu Aqil on Friday night. Water overflew through Panu Aqil city and reached the National Highway.
At least 10 villages inundated, crops were affected, and villagers migrated to safer places in boats.
A Pakistan Army rescue team filled the cracks with sand.
Affected villagers alleged that officials of the irrigation department had sold sand from the bank of the dam causing its walls to weaken.
They said that they had written letters to the National Accountability Bureau and Federal Investigation Agency against the officials.
Officials say the canal has been closed from its source at the Guddu Barrage and the repair work of the breach will be completed as the water flow goes down in the canal.
Courtesy : TheNews


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(CNN) -- If watching Katherine Heigl's romantic comedies made you want to swear off movies, you've got company: the actress herself.
The former "Grey's Anatomy" star, who went from "27 Dresses" to "The Ugly Truth" to "Life as We Know It" to "New Year's Eve," admits she indulged a little too heavily in the frothy films -- enough to make her consider quitting acting.
Also read: Trump's Hollywood Walk of Fame star destroyed
Read more


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Till now we have sold out 90% plots from our project.
Loans are available in all nationalized banks.
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Videos tagged "sebowalker"
This short film was shot during a two week trip to Australia, all the way from Brisbane to Perth with Ishod Wair, Bobby Worrest, Chima Ferguson, Ronnie Sandoval, Robbie Brockel, and Sebo Walker. www.cordafilm.com+ More details
Gracias LA 2015. Leftover footage from Gracias Skateboarding Volumen Dos and alternate Aluta 2 angles. Filmed and edited by Ben Fordham. Gracias to all of the contributing videographers...Sean…+ More details
Truxtun Park Grand Opening Montage.03:29
Truxtun Park Grand Opening montage. It rained on the day of the event, some people skating it in the rain. We came back 2 days later and filmed a quick edit with Vinnie Hager, John McGuigan and…+ More details
By Derek Heydle and Kevin Martinez (2015) Featuring: Danny Dorsa, Cody Gomes, Alex Bellerud, Nate Coonrod, John Downing, Derek Heydle, George Chen, Kevin Martinez, and many more.+ More details
Lakai Puerto Rico Tour 2015+ More details
Gracias Skateboarding Volumen Uno Bowl Sesh and Brian Martin mini part.03:42
Gracias Skateboarding Volumen Uno Bowl Sesh and Brian Martin mini part. Featuring Alec Beck, Adam Keely, Elliot Murphy, Evan Berle and Brian Martin. Filmed and edited by Ben Fordham. Music…+ More details
Sebo Walker Gracias Skateboarding Volumen Uno Full Part.03:17
Sebo Walker Gracias Skateboarding Volumen Uno Full Part. filmed by Cory Williams, Jeff Halstad, Ben Fordham, Matt Mullen, Matt Williams and Shane Auckland. edited by Ben Fordham. music by: Ben…+ More details
"Gracias Skateboarding" Volumen Uno FULL VIDEO.40:03
"Gracias Skateboarding" Volumen Uno FULL VIDEO featuring Rodney Mullen, Brett Sube, Sebo Walker, Brian Baca, Mike York, Olan Prenatt, Elliot Murphy and Friends. Directed by Ben Fordham.…+ More details
Thanksgiving Day Montage 2014.04:41
Thanksgiving Day Montage 2014. Featuring Sam Baker, Brian Baca, Steve Hernandez, Adam Keely, Olan Prenatt, Chris Harris, Cyril Palmer, Katsuya Shiratori, Oscar Meza, Brian Martin, Alex King and Sebo…+ More details
REVIEW: Krooked Korea Tour 201403:10
KROOKED KOREA TOUR 2014: Demo & Signing Filmed & edited by Daegeun Ahn (@dga1zu) Music: Wild Nothing - Summer Holiday http://dailygrind.kr http://facebook.com/dailygrindkr http://instagram.com/dailygrindkr+ More details
What are Tags?
Tags are keywords that describe videos. For example, a video of your Hawaiian vacation might be tagged with "Hawaii," "beach," "surfing," and "sunburn."


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Myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms are principal determinants of work capacity in mammalian ventricular myocardium. The ventricles of large mammals including humans normally express ∼10% α-MHC on a predominantly β-MHC background, while in failing human ventricles α-MHC is virtually eliminated, suggesting that low-level α-MHC expression in normal myocardium can accelerate the kinetics of contraction and augment systolic function. To test this hypothesis in a model similar to human myocardium we determined composite rate constants of cross-bridge attachment (fapp) and detachment (gapp) in porcine myocardium expressing either 100% α-MHC or 100% β-MHC in order to predict the MHC isoform-specific effect on twitch kinetics. Right atrial (∼100% α-MHC) and left ventricular (∼100% β-MHC) tissue was used to measure myosin ATPase activity, isometric force, and the rate constant of force redevelopment (ktr) in solutions of varying Ca2+ concentration. The rate of ATP utilization and ktr were approximately ninefold higher in atrial compared with ventricular myocardium, while tension cost was approximately eightfold greater in atrial myocardium. From these values, we calculated fapp to be ∼10-fold higher in α- compared with β-MHC, while gapp was 8-fold higher in α-MHC. Mathematical modeling of an isometric twitch using these rate constants predicts that the expression of 10% α-MHC increases the maximal rate of rise of force (dF/dtmax) by 92% compared with 0% α-MHC. These results suggest that low-level expression of α-MHC significantly accelerates myocardial twitch kinetics, thereby enhancing systolic function in large mammalian myocardium.
- myosin heavy chain isoforms
- cross-bridge cycling kinetics
- ventricular myocardium
the ability of mammalian myocardium to perform work depends on a multitude of factors that modulate contractility both acutely and chronically. Beat-to-beat variations in work capacity can be mediated by several mechanisms, including the Frank-Starling response to variations in ventricular end-diastolic volume, as well as phosphorylation of myofibrillar and Ca2+ handling proteins. In contrast, chronic alterations in myocardial work capacity are determined in large part by the level of gene expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms. The expression and distribution of the MHC isoforms in myocardium play a crucial role in determining the intrinsic rate of ATP turnover and thus are important determinants of myocyte shortening velocity (Vmax) (44) and power output (21, 22, 28).
Cardiac myosin is a hexamer consisting of two heavy chain isoforms, α and β (24), and four associated light chains. The MHC isoforms are distinguished primarily by the nucleotide turnover rate of the globular head (S1) region of the thick filament, which converts the energy released from the hydrolysis of ATP into force generation and myofilament sliding (16). Comparatively, α-MHC is a faster mechanoenzyme resulting in greater Vmax and power generation (44), while β-MHC cycles ATP at a slower rate and is more efficient at intermediate loads since less ATP is required to maintain a given force (1, 25, 42). While the mechanism underlying the difference in cycling kinetics between MHC isoforms is unclear, it is likely that chemomechanical transduction is regulated at least in part by coordinated action of the hyperflexible surface loops of myosin, namely loop 1 (ATPase loop) and loop 2 (actin binding loop). Together, the discrete regions of S1 are thought to mediate variations in the rates of the multiple transitions that comprise the cross-bridge cycle and thereby contribute to the different velocities of the MHC isoforms. Following the characterization of protein and transcript levels for α- and β-MHC in human myocardium, the relationship between MHC isoform distribution and contractile function has attracted considerable interest. α-MHC accounts for ∼10% of the total myosin expressed in healthy human hearts, while in failing ventricles α-MHC is virtually absent (36) because of greatly reduced α MHC mRNA (33, 37). Such changes during disease appear to be detrimental to contractile function. Furthermore, recent studies have associated mutations in the α-MHC gene with some cases of hypertrophic (HCM) and dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathy (11), suggesting that mutant α-MHC molecules may also lead to myocardial dysfunction and ultimately to heart failure. Taken together, these results indicate that either reduced expression of or mutations in α-MHC contribute to myocardial dysfunction in disease and highlight the crucial role α-MHC plays in the maintenance of function in normal human myocardium.
From a functional standpoint, however, the impact of a shift in MHC isoform expression during human heart failure remains elusive, presumably because experimentation in human myocardium is complicated by the onset of multiple compensatory mechanisms in disease, such as alterations in the expression levels of Ca2+ handling proteins and differences in the level of protein phosphorylation. However, recent studies have suggested that the decrease in α-MHC expression is maladaptive in response to severe cardiovascular stress and that isoform redistribution to virtually all β-MHC may facilitate the development of heart failure (29) due to depression of contraction at both maximal and submaximal levels of activation. In this regard, the rate constant of force redevelopment (ktr) is depressed at all levels of activation in rat myocardium lacking α-MHC, implying that the presence of α-MHC contributes to function in wild-type hearts even under resting conditions (46). Consistent with these results, others have shown improved contractile function in vivo due partly to reexpression of α-MHC by various therapeutic strategies (30, 32), while α-myosin motor protein gene transfer resulted in Ca2+-independent positive inotropy in failing human cardiomyocytes (20). Thus, while increased expression of β-MHC during heart failure may be an important mechanism to reduce tension cost in diseased myocardium, it is reasonable to suppose that the concomitant loss of α-MHC is at least partly responsible for the related functional deficit.
The aim of the present study was to predict the effect of low-level α-MHC expression on contraction kinetics in porcine myocardium, which expresses levels of α-MHC in the ventricle similar to those in human myocardium. To assess the contribution of the myosin isoforms to twitch kinetics in the ventricles of large mammals, we measured parameters of contractile function (i.e., ATPase turnover, ktr, and isometric force) in atrial and ventricular porcine myocardium and used these measurements to estimate the rate constants of cross-bridge attachment (fapp) and detachment (gapp). The rate constants were then used to simulate an isometric twitch in order to predict the functional effects of low-level expression of α-MHC in myocardium. Our results predict that even a small percentage of α-MHC expression (∼10%) dramatically accelerates the kinetics of force development, as manifested by a ∼90% increase in the maximal rate of rise of force (dF/dtmax). Collectively, these data suggest that the loss of α-MHC, as is typically seen in human heart failure, would significantly depress the contractile properties of myocardium and thereby impair systolic function.
Experimental Animals
Myocardium used in this study was obtained from male and female adolescent pigs (Yorkshire, n = 4) weighing 45 ± 3 kg. Experimental animals were sedated with a combination of (in mg/kg) 1,000 ketamine, 0.8 atropine, and 30 acepromazine followed by infusion of 250 thiopental sodium and 1.5 α-chloralose via intravenous catheterization of the superficial ear vein. Animals were artificially ventilated with supplemental oxygen, and arterial pH, O2, and Pco2 were continuously monitored to ensure maintenance of physiological oxygenation and acid-base balance. The heart was exposed by bilateral thoracotomy with transsternotomy, and euthanasia was performed by removal of the heart followed by immediate freezing in liquid nitrogen. All animal usage, anesthesia, and surgery were conducted under the strict guidelines and approval of the University of Wisconsin Medical School Animal Care and Use Committee.
The compositions of solutions used for mechanical experiments were calculated with the computer program of Fabiato (13) and the stability constants (corrected to pH 7 and 20°C) listed by Godt and Lindley (19). Relaxing solution (pH 7.0) used for bathing skinned trabeculae contained (in mmol/l) 100 KCl, 20 imidazole, 7 MgCl2, 2 EGTA, and 4 ATP. In addition, pCa 9.0 solution contained (in mmol/l) 5.86 ATP, 6.53 MgCl2, 20 EGTA, 48.23 μM CaCl2, and 100 N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (BES); pCa 4.5 solution contained (in mmol/l) 5.89 ATP, 6.01 MgCl2, 20 EGTA, 19.85 CaCl2, and 100 BES; and preactivating solution contained 0.5 EGTA. In addition, pCa 9.0, 4.5, and preactivating solutions contained (in mmol/l) 5 NaN3 (sodium azide), 0.01 leupeptin, 0.01 P1-P5-di(adenosine-5′)pentaphosphate (A2P5), and 10 phospho(enol)pyruvic acid (PEP). The ionic strength of all solutions was adjusted to 200 mmol/l with potassium propionate. Solutions containing a range of free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]free; i.e., pCa 6.2–5.4) were prepared by mixing appropriate volumes of solutions of pCa 9.0 and pCa 4.5. Pyruvate kinase (0.91 mg/ml) and lactate dehydrogenase (0.31 mg/ml) were added to all pCa and preactivating solutions before mechanical experiments. Solutions used for measurements of ktr were as previously described (46).
Experimental Protocols
Tissue preparation.
To prepare skinned myocardial preparations for measurements of ATP utilization, isometric force, and ktr, subendocardial tissue sections from frozen atria and ventricles that had been rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen were homogenized in relaxing solution for ∼2 s with a Polytron homogenizer, which yielded multicellular preparations with dimensions of 100–250 μm × 600–900 μm. The homogenate was centrifuged at 120 g for 60 s, and the resulting pellet was washed with fresh relaxing solution and resuspended in relaxing solution containing 1% Triton X-100. After a 30-min permeabilization period, the skinned preparations were washed with fresh relaxing solution and then dispersed in relaxing solution in a glass petri dish. The dish was kept on ice at all times except during the selection of preparations for mechanical experiments. This protocol yields a large number of high-quality, robust preparations, and previous work from this laboratory has found no difference in mechanical measurements between trabeculae or homogenized skinned myocardium frozen rapidly in liquid nitrogen (39, 46, 48).
ATPase experiments.
While immersed in relaxing solution, a single multicellular preparation was attached to the arms of a high-speed length controller (model 312B, Aurora Scientific) and a force transducer (model 403A, Aurora Scientific) by fixing each end to a stainless steel trough with a 0.5-mm length of 4-0 monofilament secured in place with loops of 10-0 monofilament. This procedure has been optimized to virtually eliminate compliance at the ends and leave ∼750–1,000 μm of the preparation exposed to the solution, which allowed accurate measurement of sarcomere length via the diffraction pattern obtained with a He-Ne laser, described below.
To calculate cross-bridge attachment and detachment rate constants (6) three variables were measured: ATPase activity per volume of preparation [proportional to fg/(f + g)], tension cost (proportional to g/Funi, where Funi is the force generated per cross bridge), and the rate constant of force redevelopment (ktr = f + g). Measurements of preparation dimensions were collected during each experiment to allow calculations of sample volume.
ATPase activity, isometric force, and ktr were recorded in solutions of varying [Ca2+] at 20°C and a mean sarcomere length of 2.2 μm. The active force at each pCa was measured as the difference between total steady-state force and resting force determined by applying a 20% slack step to the preparation in solution of pCa 9.0. Active force was normalized to the cross-sectional area of the preparation. A He-Ne laser (wavelength 632.8 nm) was directed toward the mounted preparation, and the resulting diffraction pattern was projected onto a screen. Measurements of the distance between the 0th- and 1st-order lines were then used to calculate sarcomere length, a method that is accurate to within 0.1 μm. In addition, careful monitoring of sarcomere length during each experiment quickly revealed compliance in the attachments. If the change in sarcomere length upon activation with Ca2+ was >0.1 μm, the preparation was discarded.
ATP consumption was measured with an NADH-coupled enzyme system (18, 49), as previously used by this laboratory in rat myocardium (31). ADP production during ATP hydrolysis was measured as a change in NADH concentration, as shown in the reaction scheme below:
NADH absorbs UV light at a wavelength of 339 nm, whereas NAD+ does not, and thus ATP consumption can be measured as the change in absorbance at 339 nm (18, 49). The experimental chamber consisted of a 15-μl well enclosed on two sides by quartz windows. Near-UV light was directed to the skinned myocardial preparation in the experimental chamber, and the transmitted beam was split and directed to two photodiodes: one to record the transmitted light at 339 nm (for determination of NADH concentration) and the other to correct the signal for photobleaching and to determine nonspecific absorbance at a reference wavelength other than 339 nm. NADH (70 mmol/l) was injected into the measuring chamber before incubation of the skinned myocardial preparations, while calibration of the ATPase signal was performed with 25-nl injections of 10 mmol/l ADP into the measuring chamber. During experiments, solution in the measuring chamber was continually stirred via motor-driven displacement of a latex membrane on the bottom of the chamber. Recording of the two signals was necessary to minimize noise that may arise from irregularities due to continuous mixing. The rate of NADH consumption was taken as the ATPase activity and was determined by linear regression analysis of the measured absorption trace.
Ca2+ sensitivity and kinetics of force redevelopment.
Active force at each pCa was measured as the difference between total steady-state force and passive force determined by applying a 20% slack step to the preparation in solution of pCa 9.0. Force-pCa relationships were derived by expressing submaximal force (P) at each pCa (range 6.1–5.4) as a fraction of maximum force (Po) determined at pCa 4.5 (P/Po). The force required for half-maximal activation (pCa50) was determined by fitting force-pCa data with the Hill equation P/Po = [Ca2+]nH/(knH + [Ca2+]nH), where nH is the Hill coefficient and k is the [Ca2+] required for pCa50. ktr was estimated in pig atrial and ventricular myocardial preparations expressing nearly 100% α-MHC or 100% β-MHC with a modified experimental protocol originally described by Brenner and Eisenberg (7). After a 1-min incubation in preactivating solution, each preparation was transferred to solutions ranging from maximal [Ca2+]free (pCa 4.5) to submaximal [Ca2+]free (pCa 6.1–5.4). Once steady-state force had developed, the preparation was rapidly slackened (<2 ms) by 20% of its original length, resulting in a reduction in force to near zero. After a brief period (10 ms) of unloaded shortening, the preparation was rapidly restretched to its original length and force redeveloped to the original steady-state level. The apparent rate constant of force redevelopment (ktr) was estimated by linear transformation of the half-time of force redevelopment, i.e., ktr = 0.693/t1/2, as described previously (46).
Quantification of MHC expression.
After each mechanical experiment, the myocardial preparation was cut free at the points of attachment and placed in 10 μl of SDS sample buffer (62.5 mmol/l Tris, 75 mmol/l dithiothreitol, 25% glycerol, 25 mmol/l sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 0.01% bromophenol blue) and stored at −80°C until subsequent analysis of MHC isoform content by SDS-PAGE. Before loading on SDS-PAGE, protein concentration was determined using the RC DC Protein Assay (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA). The assay is based on the Lowry (35) assay and has been modified to be reducing agent compatible (RC) and detergent compatible (DC). MHC isoforms were separated with the use of 6% acrylamide gels, which were stained with a modified silver stain technique that reproducibly detects 2 ng of protein per band and exhibits linearity between 2 and 70 ng of protein per band (17, 51). The relative proportions of α- and β-MHC isoforms were then determined by densitometric analysis of silver-stained gels using an imaging densitometer and LaserPix software (Bio-Rad Laboratories). The proportions of MHC isoforms were estimated by expressing the area under the peak for each isoform as a fraction of the total area for the two isoforms. To ensure linearity of staining and the accuracy of measurements, all samples were serially diluted and run in parallel lanes next to MHC standards from myocardium expressing 100% α-MHC or 100% β-MHC.
Determination of level of phosphorylation of myofibrillar proteins.
To test whether variations in the basal level of phosphorylation contribute to altered kinetics, myofibrillar proteins from atrial and ventricular myocardium were separated by SDS-PAGE using 12.5% Tris·HCl Criterion gels (Bio-Rad). To determine the level of protein phosphorylation, different volumes (1, 2, 3, and 4 μl) from each myocardial preparation were loaded on the same gel. Phosphoproteins were detected with a Pro-Q Diamond staining protocol (Molecular Probes), followed by staining with SYPRO Ruby (Molecular Probes) for the determination of total protein content. Briefly, gels were 1) fixed in 50% methanol-10% glacial acetic acid for 1.5 h with solution changes every 30 min, 2) washed with double-distilled H2O six times for 5 min each, 3) stained with Pro-Q Diamond stain for 1.5 h, and 4) destained with Pro-Q Diamond destaining solution (Molecular Probes) overnight. For the determination of myofibrillar protein content, the gels were stained with SYPRO Ruby (Molecular Probes) for 3 h and destained with SYPRO Ruby destaining solution (10% methanol-7% glacial acetic acid) for 2 h with solution changes every 30 min. Immediately after each staining protocol, gels were imaged with a UVP BioImaging System (UVP, Upland, CA) and analyzed with LabWorks 4.5 (UVP). The area of protein and phosphoprotein bands was multiplied by mean optical density and plotted versus volume loaded, and a first-order linear regression was fitted to the data points to determine the slope of the relationship between optical density and volume loaded.
Data analysis.
All data are reported as means ± SE. An unpaired t-test (P < 0.05) was performed to test for the significance of effects of altered MHC content on ATP utilization. Comparisons of steady-state force and ktr at different levels of Ca2+ activation for different MHC compositions were done with a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a Tukey post hoc test for significance (P < 0.05).
Electrophoretic Analysis of Myofibrillar Proteins in Porcine Atrial and Ventricular Myocardium
Estimation of the rate constants of cross-bridge attachment and detachment required the use of myocardium containing very high levels of the MHC isoform of interest (i.e., 100% α-MHC or 100% β-MHC), since the presence of even a small amount of contaminating isoform (i.e., >5%) could unduly influence the derivation of rate constants of cross-bridge cycling. For this reason we used preparations isolated from atrial and ventricular myocardium, which expressed ∼100% α-MHC and ∼100% β-MHC, respectively (Fig. 1). Additional gels stained for total protein content (SYPRO Ruby) and phosphoprotein levels (Pro-Q Diamond) revealed that the basal levels of phosphorylation of cardiac myosin binding protein-C (MyBP-C), troponin (Tn)T, TnI, or myosin light chain (MLC)-2 were not significantly different in atrial or ventricular myocardium (Fig. 2).
Steady-State Mechanical Properties of Porcine Atrial and Ventricular Myocardium
Table 1 summarizes the maximal Ca2+-activated force, the steepness of the force-pCa relationship (Hill coefficient nH), and calcium sensitivities of force in porcine atrial and ventricular myocardium. No differences were measured in maximal isometric force or nH derived from force-pCa relationships. In addition, no sex differences were found in mechanical measurements. We did observe a difference in the calcium sensitivity of force (pCa50) between atrial and ventricular preparations, a result that could be due in part to variability of the tissue-specific MLC isoforms to modulate force since changes in other proteins that could account for such a shift were not evident (e.g., MyBP-C, TnT, TnI, or MLC-2). While the different light chain isoforms of atrial and ventricular myocardium would be expected to modulate force to some degree, they are unlikely to account for the ninefold difference in ATPase turnover observed here.
A modified release-restretch protocol (7) was used to determine ktr in steadily Ca2+-activated skinned myocardium expressing ∼100% α- or ∼100% β-MHC (Table 2, Fig. 3); ktr is the sum of the rate constants (fapp + gapp) describing the transition of cross bridges from non-force-generating states to force-generating states (5). As in previous studies on rat myocardium (15, 31, 43, 46) expression of the α-MHC isoform significantly increased maximal ktr compared with preparations expressing ∼100% β-MHC (22.4 ± 1.2 s−1 for α-MHC and 2.5 ± 0.7 s−1 for β-MHC), although the between-isoform differences measured in porcine myocardium were much larger than in rat myocardium, presumably because of the greater species-specific disparity in the rate constants for the MHC isoforms.
Kinetics of Cross-Bridge Cycling in Porcine Atrial and Ventricular Myocardium
The effect of MHC content on ATPase activity is summarized in Table 2 and Fig. 4. Linear regression analysis of the absorbance of NADH revealed that atrial myocardium expressing ∼100% α-MHC exhibited maximal rates of ATP utilization that were approximately ninefold higher than ventricular preparations expressing ∼100% β-MHC (551 ± 26 pmol·s−1·mm−3 for α-MHC and 64 ± 12 pmol·s−1·mm−3 for β-MHC, respectively). Qualitatively, this finding is consistent with the ktr data from atrial and ventricular preparations in that myocardium expressing higher levels of α-MHC exhibit greater rates of cross-bridge cycling due to faster nucleotide turnover by myosin S1.
From measurements of steady-state isometric force and ATPase activity in each preparation we calculated tension cost (Fig. 5), which is defined as ATPase rate divided by isometric force and is directly proportional to gapp, the rate constant of cross-bridge detachment (6). Tension cost was approximately eightfold higher in preparations expressing ∼100% α-MHC compared with those expressing ∼100% β-MHC (23.73 ± 0.8 pmol·s−1·mm−1·mN−1 for α-MHC vs. 3.00 ± 0.4 pmol·s−1·mm−1·mN−1 for β-MHC). Qualitatively, this finding is consistent with previous studies from this lab (31) and others (43) in rat myocardium and indicates that β-MHC is a more economical isoform, i.e., less ATP is utilized to maintain a given isometric force at intermediate levels of activation. Furthermore, the rate of ATP utilization by β-MHC in pig myocardium was reduced to a greater extent than previously observed in rat myocardium (31, 40), while the difference in nucleotide turnover between pig and rat myocardium expressing purely α-MHC was much smaller. Such a large difference in turnover kinetics between MHC isoforms in pig myocardium would suggest that low-level expression of α-MHC in larger mammals such as humans would contribute to an even greater acceleration of the rate of force development and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
Rate Constants of Cross-Bridge Attachment and Detachment and Simulations of Isometric Twitch Kinetics
To model the effects of MHC content on twitch kinetics, the rate constants of cross-bridge attachment (fapp) and detachment (gapp) were calculated for each isoform assuming a two-state cross-bridge model originally described by Brenner (5). This model assumes that myosin cross bridges are either attached to the thin filament and generating force or detached and not generating force. We calculated the rate constants of cross-bridge cycling at maximal activation, using data obtained from measurements of isometric force [proportional to f/(f + g)], the rate constant of force redevelopment (ktr = f + g), and ATPase activity [proportional to fg/(f + g)]. Together, these values can be used to solve a system of four equations with four unknowns, as previously described (31): (1) (2) (3) (4)
Derivations revealed that fapp was ∼10-fold greater in α-MHC than in β-MHC, while gapp was ∼8-fold greater in α-MHC. The values were as follows: 14.69 and 7.71 s−1 (α-MHC) and 1.51 and 0.99 s−1 (β-MHC) for fapp and gapp, respectively.
These rate constants were then used to model the myocardial twitch in response to a standardized Ca2+ transient, calculated as the difference between two exponential functions: where ki represents variables that can be altered to vary the duration of the Ca2+ transient and Camax corresponds to the maximally activated state of the thin filament and is arbitrarily set to 1. The model considers only the contribution of the MHC isoforms to force development without the effect of cooperative recruitment of cross bridges or any other nonlinearity. Twitch simulations were performed with expression levels of 0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% α-MHC, all of which were modeled with the same Ca2+ transient. The mathematical model is in the form of one ordinary differential equation and one algebraic equation, which are solved by the standard fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.
Calculations based on these rate constants predict that the kinetics of the isometric twitch are significantly accelerated as low-level expression of α-MHC on a mostly β-MHC background progressively increases (Fig. 6). Our model predicts that dF/dtmax for 10% α-MHC/90% β-MHC is ∼92% faster than for 100% β-MHC (Fig. 7), while increases in α-MHC from 0 to 20% and 0 to 30% result in increases of 186% and 280%, respectively, in dF/dtmax. Moreover, the greatest reductions in the time required to reach peak force were observed for α-MHC expression in the range of 0–10% (Table 3, Fig. 8).
In the present study we assessed the effect of low-level α-MHC expression on contraction kinetics in porcine myocardium, a model relevant to human hearts because of similarities in mechanical properties such as heart rate, stroke volume, and mean arterial pressure (26). From measurements of ATP utilization, ktr, and isometric force, we derived fapp and gapp for both α- and β-MHC and subsequently modeled the effect of low-level of α-MHC expression on myocardial twitch kinetics. Compared with previous results from rat myocardium (31), we observed a much larger difference in cross-bridge cycling kinetics between α- and β-MHC, a result that is presumably due to a greater difference in ATPase between the MHC isoforms of myocardium from large mammals. As a result, simulations of isometric twitch kinetics predicted that expression of ∼10% α-MHC on a predominantly β-MHC background would dramatically increase the maximal rate of rise of twitch force (dF/dtmax) compared with myocardium expressing only β-MHC. These results indicate that the presence of α-MHC plays an important role in in vivo pressure development in the ventricles of large mammals, and when considered in the context of human myocardial disease, it is reasonable to suppose that the contractile deficit observed during such conditions is associated at least in part with the loss or absence of α-MHC.
Porcine Myocardium As a Model for the Effect of Low-Level α-MHC Expression
To predict the functional effects of low-level expression of α-MHC in the present study, it was necessary to first determine fapp and gapp for α-MHC and β-MHC in myocardial preparations expressing either ∼100% α- or ∼100% β-MHC. Porcine atrial myocardium expressed ∼100% α-MHC, while ventricular preparations expressed nearly ∼100% β-MHC. These expression levels provide a reasonable framework for the estimation of the rate constants of cross-bridge cycling: the levels of contaminating MHC isoform here (at most on the order of 1–2%) would be unlikely to influence the large variations in measurements of ATPase and ktr, and thus would not be expected to influence derivations of fapp and gapp.
A potentially important consideration for the present study is the impact of the tissue-specific light chain isoforms on cross-bridge cycling kinetics. Atrial and ventricular myocardium contains different essential and regulatory light chain isoforms (designated MLC-1a, MLC-2a, MLC-1v, and MLC-2v, respectively) that presumably modulate contractile function through changes in force production (50) and shortening velocity (34), although the extent to which they influence function in the present study is unclear. Previous studies have found greater unloaded shortening velocities (Vo) 1) in the mouse ventricle, where MLC-1v was replaced with MLC-1a (14), and 2) in the mouse atria, where MLC-2a was replaced with MLC-2v (8). On the basis of these data, it would appear that the contribution to Vo of the tissue-specific light chains may be ordered as MLC-1a > MLC-1v and MLC-2v > MLC-2a, yet the degree to which endogenous light chains of the atria alter velocity compared with those of the ventricle is uncertain. In this regard, rat atrial myocardium displayed higher Vmax and Vo (68% and 52% higher, respectively) but similar ATPase activity compared with ventricular myocardium, a result attributed to different light chains since heavy chain composition was similar in both preparations (4). It should be noted, however, that variability in Vo between the atria and the ventricle due to endogenous light chain isoforms is relatively modest compared with the large differences in cross-bridge cycling kinetics (9- to 10-fold greater in atria) we observed. This would imply that while light chains may modulate force generation and Vo, such changes would be relatively small and the dramatic difference in cycling kinetics seen here is largely a result of substantial disparity in ATP turnover between the MHC isoforms.
Effect of MHC Isoforms in Porcine Myocardium on Rate of Rise of Force Development
The present study extends previous work from this laboratory (31) in which rat myocardium was used to assess the effect of low-level expression of α-MHC on contraction kinetics. Our simulations indicated that incremental, 10% expressions of α-MHC progressively accelerated the maximal rate of rise of force. Furthermore, a slight disproportionality in the acceleration of dF/dtmax was observed as expression of α-MHC increased from 0% to 10% (∼18% increase in dF/dtmax). These results suggested that in the ventricles of large mammals, in which the differences in turnover kinetics between α- and β-MHC are expected to be much larger, the presence of low-level expression of α-MHC might disproportionately accelerate contraction kinetics to a greater degree.
In this regard, simulations in porcine myocardium indicated that low-level expression of α-MHC (∼10%) accelerated dF/dtmax by ∼92% compared with myocardium expressing only β-MHC. Such a difference in contraction kinetics is likely due to the large difference in the rate of cross-bridge turnover between the MHC isoforms in porcine myocardium and functionally would be manifested in a substantial disparity between mechanical parameters from preparations expressing either 100% α-MHC or 100% β-MHC. Indeed, measurements of ATPase and ktr in porcine atrial myocardium expressing ∼100% α-MHC were nearly 10-fold greater than in ventricular preparations expressing ∼100% β-MHC. Consequently, we estimated an ∼10-fold difference between fapp and an ∼8-fold difference in gapp between α- and β-MHCs. These results indicate that low-level expression of α-MHC contributes dramatically to ventricular pressure development and relaxation in porcine myocardium. In a functional context, rapid cross-bridge turnover would increase dF/dtmax in response to a Ca2+ transient and enhance power generation during systole, while an accelerated rate of cross-bridge detachment at the end of systole would enhance force relaxation and facilitate ventricular filling, thus increasing stroke volume in the subsequent beat.
Furthermore, the rate of rise of force was nonlinear (Fig. 6B) over the iterations of α-MHC expression (i.e., 10%, 20%, and 30%) simulated here, with the greatest increase in rate observed as a small population of α-MHC cross bridges (∼10%) is compared with myocardium expressing only β-MHC (Table 3, Fig. 8). Considered in the context of a three-state cross-bridge model in which cross bridges transition from a noncycling population to a cycling population (10), it is assumed that α-and β-MHC cross bridges would transition into the cycling pool at similar rates upon activation. Once in the cycling pool, the rate at which cross bridges transition from non-force-generating to force-generating states and back again would depend in large part on the rate constants governing these transitions, namely f and g. Thus, in response to a limited-duration Ca2+ transient, α-MHC cross bridges would cycle between states at a faster rate and would presumably be the dominant determinant of the rate of rise of force due to a larger population of activated cross bridges. The effect would yield greater peak twitch force and accelerate the rate of rise of force progressively for populations including α-MHC, but most rapidly as α-MHC cross bridges are initially titrated into the total population compared with 100% β-MHC, as seen in Fig. 8.
Implied Effects of Altered MHC Expression on Rate of Rise of Pressure and Timing of Contraction in Myocardium
Our simulations of isometric twitch kinetics predicted that myocardium with greater expression of α-MHC has a greater peak twitch force in response to a Ca2+ transient, presumably as a direct consequence of a larger number of attached cross bridges. At the whole organ level, this would indicate that low-level expression of α-MHC on a predominantly β-MHC background would accelerate the maximal rate of pressure development (±dP/dtmax), thus facilitating both systolic ejection and diastolic filling. Conversely, a reduction in α-MHC content would lead to a decrease in ±dP/dtmax and a concomitant functional deficit, which to some degree would be compensated by an increase in sympathetic tone and reexpression of atrial essential MLC (MLC-1a) in the ventricles of human failing myocardium (14, 27, 41). While these observations suggest an important role for α-MHC expression in human myocardium, an extension of the present results to humans is premature since the ATP turnover rates for human α- and β-MHCs are not known for certain. However, it has been shown that force development and ATPase were significantly lower in ventricular compared with atrial human myocardium, a finding presumably related to MHC isoform distribution (38). In light of this observation, our model would predict that expression of α-MHC on the order of 10% would dramatically increase the rate of force development and enhance dP/dtmax in human ventricles compared with myocardium expressing only β-MHC, and such an effect would likely remain proportionally similar at more physiological temperatures.
In the context of heart failure, our results suggest that the associated contractile deficit is at least partly attributable to reduced levels of α-MHC. However, it should be noted that the reversion to β-MHC during conditions of disease may be beneficial in some respects. Myocardium expressing predominantly β-MHC appears to be more resistant to decreases in power output resulting from the accumulation of metabolites such as Pi and H+ during conditions of ischemia (23) in addition to an energetic benefit gained in terms of reduced tension cost with higher levels of β-MHC (31, 43). These factors would certainly benefit diseased myocardium, particularly in light of the proposed inefficient sarcomeric ATP utilization characterizing specific types of human heart failure (2, 12). Despite these improvements, however, the energetic benefit gained from a reversion to β-MHC is most likely outweighed by the associated reduction in α-MHC that occurs during disease (33, 36, 37). It is apparent that low-level α-MHC plays a critical role in the ability of myocardium to match pressure development with increasing hemodynamic load, and our simulations imply that the absence of α-MHC would reduce twitch force and impair contraction kinetics.
In addition, the outcome of our simulations would also be affected by alterations in calcium transients that occur during heart failure, which are characterized by reduced amplitude and prolonged duration (3). A reduced calcium load in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) would decrease peak twitch force and slow the rate of rise of force development because of a lower driving force for calcium release, while diminished levels of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) during failure would impair relaxation because of persistent levels of calcium in the cytoplasm. It is important to note that while such changes in the calcium transient would uniformly impact twitch force and kinetics, our model would still predict that the presence of α-MHC in the ventricles would increase peak twitch force and accelerate force development and relaxation compared with myocardium expressing only β-MHC.
Furthermore, stimulation frequency would also be expected to influence the outcome of our twitch simulations. Normal myocardium exhibits increased contractility at higher stimulation frequencies (positive force frequency response), in large part because of the effect of sympathetic input on contractile function. At high heart rates, our simulations would predict that the increase in twitch force would be greater in ventricles expressing low levels of α-MHC compared with those expressing only β-MHC, and in this regard it is possible that the distribution of myosin isoforms across the ventricular wall plays an important role in optimizing contraction. Recent work by Stelzer et al. (47) has shown that transmural variation of MHC expression is an important component of the temporal pattern of force development in porcine left ventricle. It has been shown that electrical activation proceeds from endocardium to epicardium (9, 45), yet the timing of fiber shortening is synchronized across the two regions. Stelzer and colleagues found that a ∼10% variation in the expression of α-MHC between the epicardium and the endocardium (13% α-MHC and 3% α-MHC, respectively) contributed to faster rates of stretch activation and force redevelopment in the absence of differences in total protein content or phosphorylation status of other myofilament proteins. This finding is important in the context of our model because the loss of α-MHC during conditions of human heart failure not only would lead to an overall decrease in the rate of force development during systole but also would cause a normalization of the kinetics of force development transmurally, leading to dyssnchronous contraction across the ventricular wall.
Limitations of the Model
As can be seen in Fig. 1, there is a small amount of β-MHC in the atrial preparation shown in lane 4. It is possible that such levels could influence our mechanical measurements, leading to distortions in our derivations of fapp and gapp since these calculations assume that the myocardial preparations express only the isoform of interest without contaminating levels of the other. However, the level of contaminating isoform in our preparations was very low (∼2%), and distortions in the calculations due to such levels would be small.
Our mechanical data in porcine myocardium show significantly greater cross-bridge cycling kinetics in α-MHC compared with β-MHC. Simulations based on these measurements predict that low-level expression of α-MHC (∼10%) on a predominantly β-MHC background significantly accelerates myocardial twitch kinetics in the ventricles of large mammals and would be at least partly responsible for greater myocardial power generation in the face of increasing hemodynamic loads. This finding is important in the context of human myocardium, where the expression of α-MHC dramatically decreases as the heart transitions from healthy to disease states (33, 36, 37). While the developmental pattern of heart failure is multifactorial and complex, it is clear that the underlying contractile dysfunction is associated in part with a redistribution of the MHC isoforms to nearly 100% β-MHC and the absence of α-MHC is at least partly responsible for the slower kinetics and decreased contractile force, thereby impairing the rate of force development during systole as well as relaxation during diastole.
This study was supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grant HL-61635 (to R. L. Moss).
No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the author(s).
- Copyright © 2011 the American Physiological Society


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The Ocala, FL market saw a drop in new home closings year-over-year in July, dropping after a year-over-year increase in June 2015. New home closings moved from 34 a year earlier to 13 after the figure moved from 26 in June 2014 to 33 in June 2015.
A total of 328 new homes were sold during the 12 months that ended in July, down from 349 for the year that ended in June.
New home closings were 13 out of the 641 total closings, down on a percentage basis from 34 of 789 a year earlier. Following a year-over-year increase in June, closings of new and existing homes dropped year-over-year in July.
Pricing and Mortgage Trends
The average new home price was $251,438, up from $233,682 a year earlier. This came after a 8.6% surge in June year-over-year.
From the year-ago figure of $143,845, the average mortgage size on new homes moved up to $173,858. In June 2015, average mortgage size on newly sold homes saw a 27.3% gain year-over-year from a year earlier.
Other Market Trends
There was no change in the composition of the new home market with regard to the types of properties sold in July 2015.
Foreclosures and real estate owned (REO) closings fell in July from a year earlier, but stayed a drag on the market. Together, foreclosures plus REO closings represented 37.9% of existing home closings, down from 43.0% a year earlier. The percentage of existing home closings involving foreclosures slid to 16.7% in July from 20.5% a year earlier while REO closings as a percentage of existing home closings dropped to 21.2% from 22.5% a year earlier.
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