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Climate, glacier mass balance and runoff (1993-2005) for the Mittivakkat Glacier catchment, Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland, and in a long term perspective (1898-1993)
Mernild, Sebastian H.; Kane, D.L.; Hansen, Birger;
Climate, glacier mass balance and runoff are investigated in the Low-Arctic Mittivakkat Glacier catchment on Ammassalik Island, Southeast Greenland. High-resolution meteorological data from the catchment covering 1993-2005 and standard synoptic meteorological data from the nearby town of Tasiilaq...... (Ammassalik) from 1898-2005 are used. Within the catchment, gradients and variations are observed in meteorological conditions between the coastal and the glacier areas. During the period 1993-2005 about 15% lower annual solar radiation was observed in the coastal area. Further, decreasing mean annual air...... temperatures (MAAT) occur in the coastal area, indicating an approximately 20-d shorter thawing period. The higher lying glacier area, in contrast, experiences an increasing MAAT, an approximately 40-d longer thawing period and a 60-d longer snow-free period. The Mittivakkat Glacier net mass balance has been...
Climatic conditions at the Mittivakkat Glacier catchment (1994-2006), Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland, and in a 109-year perspective (1898-2006)
Mernild, Sebastian H.; Hansen, Birger; Jakobsen, Bjarne Holm;
the catchment, meteorological conditions are monitored at the coast (Station Coast, 25 m a.s.l.) for the period 1998-2006 and in the glacier area (Station Nunatak, 515 m a.s.l.) for 1994-2006. During this 13-year period, solar radiation shows increasing values, averaging 0.5 W m-2 y-1, at the nunatak...... and decreasing values, averaging 1.4 W m-2 y-1, at the coast. The mean annual solar radiation at Station Coast is 102 W m-2 y-1, which is about 10% lower than at Station Nunatak, and is probably caused by increasing and higher percentages of dense clouds and sea fog in the coastal area. The mean...... annual air temperature is increasing by 0.10ºC y-1 at the nunatak and by 0.05ºC y-1 at the coast, extending the thawing periods by about 50 days and 5 days, respectively. A snow-free period of 64 days is observed at the nunatak. The coastal area is highly dominated by air temperature inversion and sea...
Dephasing and interaction of excitons CdSe/ZnSe islands
Wagner, H. P.; Tranitz, H.-P.; Preis, H.;
The dephasing of excitons in self-organized CdSe/ZnSe islands grown by molecular-beam epitaxy is investigated using spectrally resolved four-wave mixing. A distribution of dephasing times is observed, indicating the existence of localized excitons with different relaxation times at comparable...
Multi-decadal marine- and land-terminating glacier recession in the Ammassalik region, southeast Greenland
S. H. Mernild
Full Text Available Landsat imagery was applied to elucidate glacier fluctuations of land- and marine-terminating outlet glaciers from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS and local land-terminating glaciers and ice caps (GIC peripheral to the GrIS in the Ammassalik region, Southeast Greenland, during the period 1972–2011. Data from 21 marine-terminating glaciers (including the glaciers Helheim, Midgaard, and Fenris, the GrIS land-terminating margin, and 35 GIC were examined and compared to observed atmospheric air temperatures, precipitation, and reconstructed ocean water temperatures (at 400 m depth in the Irminger Sea. Here, we document that net glacier recession has occurred since 1972 in the Ammassalik region for all glacier types and sizes, except for three GIC. The land-terminating GrIS and GIC reflect lower marginal and areal changes than the marine-terminating outlet glaciers. The mean annual land-terminating GrIS and GIC margin recessions were about three to five times lower than the GrIS marine-terminating recession. The marine-terminating outlet glaciers had an average net frontal retreat for 1999–2011 of 0.098 km yr−1, which was significantly higher than in previous sub-periods 1972–1986 and 1986–1999. For the marine-terminating GrIS, the annual areal recession rate has been decreasing since 1972, while increasing for the land-terminating GrIS since 1986. On average for all the observed GIC, a mean net frontal retreat for 1986–2011 of 0.010 ± 0.006 km yr−1 and a mean areal recession of around 1% per year occurred; overall for all observed GIC, a mean recession rate of 27 ± 24% occurred based on the 1986 GIC area. Since 1986, five GIC melted away in the Ammassalik area.
Inter-island transport in CdSe/ZnSe quantum heterostructures
Wachter, S; Baldauf, M; Schmidt, M; Kurtz, E; Klingshirn, C F; Kalt, H; Litvinov, D A; Gerthsen, D
We report on localization dynamics of excitons in ensembles of self- organized CdSe islands embedded in ZnSe. The experimental methods employed are temperature-dependent, spatially resolved photoluminescence ( mu -PL), spatially integrated PL (macro-PL), as well as time-resolved PL (TRPL). We observe the well known non- monotonous shift of the PL maximum with temperature caused by redistribution of the excitons amongst the islands. The measured shift is compared with the exact shift of the bandgap deduced from mu -PL measurements and found to depend strongly on island size and distribution. These transport processes are recovered in the temporal evolution of the PL. The decaytime of the spectrally integrated PL reaches its maximum at exactly the same temperature at which the redshift of the macro-PL turns into a blueshift. In TRPL the PL- spectrum consists of two contributions. We put the emission on the high energy side down to excited states in the islands. (17 refs).
The absolute age of SE-RF-6 (Ngamanie) and its relation to SE-RF-2 (Nenumbo) : two decorated lapita sites in the southeast Solomon Islands
The relative age of SE-RF-6, SE-RF-2 and SE-SZ-8, three decorative phase Lapita sites in the Reef/Santa Cruz region of the Outer Easter Islands of Solomon Islands, has been the subject of dispute. A review of the evidence recovered from SE-RF-6 (Ngamanie), in conjunction with a Bayesian calibration model, supports the notion that it postdates the nearby site of SE-RF-2 (Nenumbo). We conclude that the SE-RF-6 represents an occupation of 50 to 100 years duration (compared with 50 or less for SE-RF-2), beginning some time in the interval 2470-2910 BP. (author). 22 refs., 4 figs., 3 tabs
Stress Dynamics of Magma Activity during Orogenic Evolution: An Example from Kinmen Island, SE China
Chen, Ping-Chuan; Yeh, En-Chao; Lin, Jian-Wei; Lee, Chi-Yu; Chen, Rou-Fei; Lin, Wayne; Hsieh, Pei-Shan; Lin, Cheng-Kuo; Iizuka, Yoshiyuki
During orogeny, a mountain belt experienced different orogenic stages with various conditions of temperature, pressure, stress and fluid pressure. The speculation, that the orogenic stresses evolve from reverse faulting via strike-slip faulting to normal faulting stress regimes corresponding to syn-orogenic, post-orogenic and an-orogenic stage respectively, has been proposed but has not been proved yet. Here we report the study of dikes from Kinmen Island can shed light on understanding the stress evolution of orogeny. The Kinmen Island, located in the southeastern continental margin of Mainland China, cropped out the middle to lower crust of NE structural grain, which was experienced deformation and metamorphism during Late Yenshanian Orogeny(LYO). Based on previous studies of geochemistry, geochronology, and P-T conditions, various types of dike have been identified. They are syn-orognic dikes of amphibolite (130-110Ma), post-orogenic dikes of pegmatite and aplite (110-100Ma), and an-orogenic dike of gabbro (94-76Ma). During syn-orogenic stage of LYO, dike intrusion appeared as low-angle dip, which reflected that reverse faulting regime and horizontal maximum stress direction in E-W orientation. In post-orogenic stage, stress would be divided into two sub-stages. The early one was strike-slip faulting regime and horizontal maximum stress was in NW-SE orientation. The late one was normal faulting regime and horizontal maximum stress direction returned to E-W orientation. Finally, an-orogenic dike intrusion striked NE-SW with vertical dip, which displayed that normal faulting regime and NE-SW horizontal maximum stress direction. Our observation is consistent with the expected stress evolution during orogeny. Deviatoric stresses from new findings were decreased at early post-orogenic stage but increased after late post-orogenic stage, indicating the change of fluid pressure ratio with time. The spatiotemporal variation of stress field might be suggested the change
Late Cretaceous lithospheric extension in SE China: Constraints from volcanic rocks in Hainan Island
Zhou, Yun; Liang, Xinquan; Kröner, Alfred; Cai, Yongfeng; Shao, Tongbin; Wen, Shunv; Jiang, Ying; Fu, Jiangang; Wang, Ce; Dong, Chaoge
Petrological, geochemical and in-situ zircon U-Pb dating and Hf-isotope analyses have been carried out on a suite of basalt-andesite-rhyolite volcanic rocks exposed in the Liuluocun area, Hainan Island, SE China. Zircon analyses show that these volcanic rocks crystallized in the Early Cretaceous (ca. 102 Ma). The basalts are characterized by low MgO contents and mg-numbers but high rare earth element, high field strength element and large ion lithophile element contents and Nb-Ta negative anomalies. They have relatively uniform Sr-Nd isotope compositions with εNd(t) values of - 4.09 to - 3.63. The andesites show enrichment of high field strength element and rare earth element with negligible Eu anomalies. They have εNd(t) values of - 2.35 to - 3.88 and εHf(t) values of - 9.73 to - 1.13. The rhyolites have high K2O and SiO2 contents. They are characterized by prominent Eu, P and Ti negative anomalies and enrichment in large ion lithophile element, and show εHf(t) values of - 7.51 to + 0.47 and εNd(t) values of - 2.49 to - 2.69. Petrogenetic analysis indicates that the Liuluocun volcanic rocks were produced by incomplete reaction of the mantle wedge peridotite with felsic melts derived from partial melting of subducted sediment. All these characteristics, combined with geological observations, suggest that their formation was related to regional lithospheric extension in the South China Craton during the Early Cretaceous, which may have been caused by subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the continental plate of China.
Remote sensing of the urban heat island and its changes in Xiamen City of SE China
XU Han-qiu; CHEN Ben-qing
World-wide urbanization has significantly modified the landscape, which has important climatic implicationsacross all scales due to the simultaneous removal of natural land cover and introduction of urban materials. Thisresulted in a phenomenon known as an urban heat island(UHI). A study on the UHI in Xiamen of China was carriedout using remote sensing technology. Satellite thermal infrared images were used to determine surface radianttemperatures. Thermal remote sensing data were obtained from band 6 of two Landsat TM/ETM+ images of 1989and 2000 to observe the UHI changes over 1 1-year period. The thermal infrared bands were processed throughseveral image enhancement technologies. This generated two 3-dimension-perspective images of Xiamen's urbanheat island in 1989 and 2000, respectively, and revealed heat characteristics and spatial distribution features of theUHI. To find out the change of the UHI between 1989 and 2000, the two thermal images were first normalized andscaled to seven grades to reduce seasonal difference and then overlaid to produce a difference image by subtractingcorresponding pixels. The difference image showed an evident development of the urban heat island in the 11 years.This change was due largely to the urban expansion with a consequent alteration in the ratio of sensible heat flux tolatent heat flux. To quantitatively compare UHI, an index called Urban-Heat-Island Ratio Index(URI) was created.It can reveal the intensity of the UHI within the urban area. The calculation of the index was based on the ratio ofUHI area to urban area. The greater the index, the more intense the UHI was. The calculation of the index for theXiamen City indicated that the ratio of UHI area to urban area in 2000 was less than that in 1989. High temperaturesin several areas in 1989 were reduced or just disappeared, such as those in old downtown area and GulangyuIsland. For the potential mitigation of the UHI in Xiamen, a long-term heat island reduction strategy of
Quality Aspects of a Marine Aggregate Deposit off the SE Euboea Island, Greece, for its Exploitation - Preliminary Results
Anastasatou, Marianthi; Kapsimalis, Vasilios; Stamatakis, Michael; Tsoutsia, Antonia; Poulos, Serafeim; Rousakis, Grigoris; Karditsa, Aikaterini; Petrakis, Stelios; Aspiotis, Konstantinos; Papavlasopoulou, Nafsika; Stamatakis, Giorgos
Aggregates are inert materials, such as terrestrial or marine sand and gravel, composed mainly of limestone, igneous rocks and sandstone. There is an international trend of increasing demand for aggregates during the last 30 years. Thus, marine aggregate (MA) demand has been displayed a remarkably increased due to limited terrestrial deposits and strict environmental issues related to their exploitation, induced by mining legislation. Regarding offshore MA extraction, important physical and biological seabed impacts that may persist long after the completion of the MA dredging, should be addressed, according to European directives, that deal with aspects such as restoration of the influenced subaqueous mining area. The present contribution focuses on the qualitative determination of the marine sediments on inner continental shelf of SE Euboea (central Aegean Sea), concerning primarily its silica content and secondarily the various environmental issues, in order to evaluate whether or not this subaqueous deposit fulfils the requirements for its exploitation. This MA deposit was found during the implementation of the research project THALES-MARE (MIS 375655) and after taking into consideration the presence of highly siliceous coastal lithology of the South Euboea Island. The area belongs to the Attico-Cycladic geotectonic zone, and especially in the Blueschist Unit, Styra and Ochi nappes. It consists mainly of metamorphosed clastic siliceous sedimentary and calcareous, mafic and felsic volcanic rocks and serpentinites. Sixteen representative samples were analysed out of 48 were collected in June 2014, during the scientific cruise of the M/V Aegaio (Hellenic Centre for Marine Research). The grain size analysis shows that seabed sediments are granulometrically classified mostly as sand, with contaminants of finer fractions and with the sand content often to be >90%. X-Ray Diffraction analysis revealed that the predominant crystalline phase is quartz (often >70
An Alternative Georoute: Approaching the Geological Heritage of the SE Part of Milos Island, Greece, via Hiking, Kayaking and Snorkeling
Mavrogonatos, Constantinos; Galanopoulos, Evangelos; Anastasatou, Marianthi; Chadjimpaloglou, Petros; Xydous, Stamatios
Milos Island is located at the southwest edge of the Cyclades island complex, in the central part of the Aegean archipelago. It is part of the modern South Aegean Volcanic Arc (SAVA), which belongs to the Hellenic subduction zone. This on-going process has resulted in the coexistence of complex geological formations and geodynamic phenomena with sceneries of incomparable natural beauty, in many areas along the arc. Among them, Milos Island is widely known to be a place of astonishing geological and natural wealth, combined with a cultural heritage that dates back to the 8th millennium BC. As geotourism has been rapidly evolving worldwide over the last years, Milos Island was among the first places in Greece that developed a network of geotrails and featured many sites of special interest in terms of geology, volcanology and geoarchaeology. This study proposes an original georoute through land and sea, which aims t? emerge both overland and underwater areas of special interest. It is a novel way to approach the geological and cultural wealth of Milos and focuses on the Aghia Kiriaki area, at the South part of the island. This alternative georoute includes hiking, kayaking and snorkeling, and anyone who follows it, can be guided to a significant number of important geological, volcanic, morphological and geoarcheological sites, in a relatively narrow area, combining athletic activities as well. The proposed georoute has a total length of 3,2 km and an estimated time of completion of about 4 hours. It starts from Aghia Kiriaki area, where visitors can see remnants of one of the island's collapsed calderic domes in a panoramic view towards the East. In the same site, volcanic emanations create impressive scenery, which introduces the participants to aspects of the island's geologic and volcanic history. After about 800 meters of hiking, throughout an area that is dominated by products of phreatic eruptions, Aghia Kiriaki beach is the next stop. Impressive findings of
Architecture and morphology of coral reef sequences. Modeling and observations from uplifting islands of SE Sulawesi, Indonesia
Pastier, Anne-Morwenn; Husson, Laurent; Bezos, Antoine; Pedoja, Kevin; Elliot, Mary; Hafidz, Abdul; Imran, Muhammad; Lacroix, Pascal; Robert, Xavier
During the Late Neogene, sea level oscillations have profoundly shaped the morphology of the coastlines of intertropical zones, wherein relative sea level simultaneously controlled reef expansion and erosion of earlier reef bodies. In uplifted domains like SE Sulawesi, the sequences of fossil reefs display a variety of fossil morphologies. Similarly, the morphologies of the modern reefs are highly variable, including cliff notches, narrow fringing reefs, wide flat terraces, and barriers reefs. In this region, where uplift rates vary rapidly laterally, the entire set of morphologies is displayed within short distances. We developed a numerical model that predicts the architecture of fossil reefs sequences and apply it to observations from SE Sulawesi, accounting -amongst other parameters- for reef growth, coastal erosion, and uplift rates. The observations that we use to calibrate our models are mostly the morphology of both the onshore (dGPS and high-resolution Pleiades DEM) and offshore (sonar) coast, as well as U-Th radiometrically dated coral samples. Our method allows unravelling the spatial and temporal evolution of large domains on map view. Our analysis indicates that the architecture and morphology of uplifting coastlines is almost systematically polyphased (as attested by samples of different ages within a unique terrace), which assigns a primordial role to erosion, comparable to reef growth. Our models also reproduce the variety of modern morphologies, which are chiefly dictated by the uplift rates of the pre-existing morphology of the substratum, itself responding to the joint effects of reef building and subsequent erosion. In turn, we find that fossil and modern morphologies can be returned to uplift rates rather precisely, as the parametric window of each specific morphology is often narrow.
Growth and characterization of ZnSe/CdSe/ZnSe quantum dots fabricated by using an alternate molecular beam supplying method
ZnSe/CdSe/ZnSe structures inserted CdSe thin layer are fabricated using an alternate molecular beam supply (ALS). Examining the PL peak energy dependence on beam irradiation time in ALS cycle, we studied the initial stage of CdSe growth. When CdSe below the critical thickness is supplied on ZnSe grown on GaAs (1 0 0), two kinds of 2D islands (platelets) appear. We confirmed the alloying of 2D-CdSe islands and 3D-CdSe islands (dots) is prominent under Cd beam irradiation in ALS growth
Returning from the Horizon: Introducing Urban Island Studies
Xavier Barceló Pinya
Full Text Available Island studies tends to focus on peripheral, isolated, and marginal aspects of island communities, while urban studies has showed scant awareness of islandness: Although many people research cities on islands, there is little tradition of researching island cities or urban archipelagos per se. Island cities (densely populated small islands and population centres of larger islands and archipelagos nevertheless play import cultural, economic, political, and environmental roles on local, regional, and global scales. Many major cities and ports have developed on small islands, and even villages can fulfil important urban functions on lightly populated islands. Island concepts are also deployed to metaphorically describe developments in urban space. The journal Urban Island Studies explores island and urban processes around the world, taking an island approach to urban research and an urban approach to island research.
Excitons, biexcitons, and phonons in ultrathin CdSe/ZnSe quantum structures
Gindele, F.; Woggon, Ulrike; Langbein, Wolfgang Werner; Hvam, Jørn Märcher; Leonhardi, K.; Hommel, D.; Selke, H.
nanostructures consist of a coherently strained Zn1-xCdxSe/ZnSe quantum well with embedded islands of higher Cd content with sizes of a few nanometer due to strain-induced CdSe accumulation. The local increase in CdSe concentration results in a strong localization of the excitonic wave function, in an increase...
« L'île du soleil » : une parenthèse de temporalité insolite The « Island of the Sun »: an Unusual Temporal Digression
Hélène Fragaki
Full Text Available Dans le livre II de sa Bibliothèque historique, Diodore de Sicile raconte comment Iambule a découvert une île heureuse lors d'un voyage à travers l'Arabie. Ce récit fabuleux, qui peut être défini comme un roman utopique au sens large du terme, est donc délibérément intégré dans une œuvre qui se veut historique. Sa version originale, attribuée à Iambule, remonte à l'époque hellénistique et ne peut être postérieure au milieu du Ier s. av. J.-C., date à laquelle la Bibliothèque historique a été rédigée. Au début du roman, une série d'aventures extraordinaires anime le temps et l'éclaire d'une lueur mystérieuse en faisant intervenir des intervalles déterminés par des chiffres symboliques. On est ainsi introduit à une dimension temporelle utopique, celle de l'île heureuse : immuable, continu et homogène, le temps n'est que le support d'activités constructives, répétitives et rigoureusement rythmées ; il est dépourvu de tout aspect angoissant ou ravageur et n'amène que la croissance et la prospérité, d'autant plus que la vie est excessivement longue et la mort dédramatisée. Cette parenthèse temporelle paisible, dont la clôture est également marquée par des durées symboliques, apparaît comme une réaction à un temps réel violemment agité. Toutefois, elle n'est pas aussi statique qu'il ne paraît à première vue, dans la mesure où elle s'insère dans le mouvement de la temporalité historique et où elle est accessible par le temps bien plus turbulent de l'aventure et du voyage.In volume 2 of his book Bibliotheca Historica, Diodorus of Sicily tells the story of Iamboulos who discovered a blissful island while traveling through Arabia. This fabulous story, which can be defined as a utopian novel in the broader sense of the term, is therefore deliberately incorporated into a book which is supposed to be historical. Its original version, attributed to Iamboulos, dates
Christoffersen, Lisbet
An update introduction including recent legislative changes on the Folkchurch of the Faroe Islands......An update introduction including recent legislative changes on the Folkchurch of the Faroe Islands...
José Luis Rivarola
El sistema de la conjugación "objetiva" plantea interesantesproblemas que fueron tratados en parte por K. Heger (1966) en suestudio comparativo del francés y del español. De la comparaciónse desprende, por ejemplo, que en español hay un cierto número deambigüedades que no permiten establecer un "paradigma tan completo y unívoco" como en el caso del francés. Dentro de estas ambigüedades se encuentran las que propicia el gramema se: "El morfema [gramema] se funciona no sólo como pronombre refle...
This true-color image of the Galapagos Islands was acquired on March 12, 2002, by the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), flying aboard NASA's Terra satellite. The Galapagos Islands, which are part of Ecuador, sit in the Pacific Ocean about 1000 km (620 miles) west of South America. As the three craters on the largest island (Isabela Island) suggest, the archipelago was created by volcanic eruptions, which took place millions of years ago. Unlike most remote islands in the Pacific, the Galapagos have gone relatively untouched by humans over the past few millennia. As a result, many unique species have continued to thrive on the islands. Over 95 percent of the islands' reptile species and nearly three quarters of its land bird species cannot be found anywhere else in the world. Two of the more well known are the Galapagos giant tortoise and marine iguanas. The unhindered evolutionary development of the islands' species inspired Charles Darwin to begin The Origin of Species eight years after his visit there. To preserve the unique wildlife on the islands, the Ecuadorian government made the entire archipelago a national park in 1959. Each year roughly 60,000 tourists visit these islands to experience what Darwin did over a century and a half ago. Image courtesy Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC
Ana Débora Assis Moura
Full Text Available Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar el comportamiento de las prostitutas en relación a la prevención de enfermedades de transmisión sexual y del Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida-SIDA, así como investigar cómo se previenen de esas enfermedades. Se trata de una investigación exploratoria, con enfoque cualitativo, llevada a cabo en la Asociación de las Prostitutas en Ceará, Brazil, en septiembre de 2008, a través de una encuesta con 25 prostitutas. El análisis de los datos se hizo según el análisis de contenido, después de ser agrupados en cuatro categorías: conocimiento sobre las enfermedades de transmisión sexual/SIDA; convivencia con la(s enfermedad(es; prevención de la enfermedad de transmisión sexual/SIDA; y el uso de drogas. Se concluyó que las prostitutas no usan preservativos en todas las relaciones sexuales, por lo tanto, las enfermedades de transmisión sexual representan una realidad; la desinformación sobre la(s enfermedad(es es notable; el consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas es frecuente entre ellas, factor que las expone a situaciones más vulnerables con relación al VIH/SIDA.
José Luis Rivarola
Full Text Available El sistema de la conjugación "objetiva" plantea interesantesproblemas que fueron tratados en parte por K. Heger (1966 en suestudio comparativo del francés y del español. De la comparaciónse desprende, por ejemplo, que en español hay un cierto número deambigüedades que no permiten establecer un "paradigma tan completo y unívoco" como en el caso del francés. Dentro de estas ambigüedades se encuentran las que propicia el gramema se: "El morfema [gramema] se funciona no sólo como pronombre reflexivo, sinotambién como variante combinatoria del pronombre personal complemento indirecto de la tercera persona.
McLerran, Larry
I discuss the phase diagram for QCD in the baryon chemical potential and temperature plane. I argue that there is a new phase of matter different from the deconfined Quark Gluon Plasma: Quarkyonic Matter. Quarkyonic Matter is confined and exists at densities parametrically large compared to the QCD scale, when the number of quark colors, $N_c$ is large. I motivate the possibility that Quarkyonic Matter is in an inhomogeneous phase, and is surrounded by lines of phase transitions, making a Happy Island in the $\\mu_B$-T plane. I conjecture about the geography of Happy Island.
World Bank
This report aims to build understanding of the existing disaster risk financing and insurance (DRFI) tools in use in the Solomon Islands and to identify gaps where engagement could further develop financial resilience. It also aims to encourage peer exchange of regional knowledge, specifically by encouraging dialogue on past experiences, lessons learned, optimal use of these financial tool...
H Fang; Kilani, Y.; Lee, J.H.M.; Stuckey, P. J.
In this note we introduce the notion of islands for restricting local search. We show how we can construct islands for CNF SAT problems, and how much search space can be eliminated by restricting search to the island.
Hainan Island is the second largest island in China. It is situated on the Nanhai Sea(South China Sea) and faces Guangdong Province across Qiongzhou Strait (海峡).Hainan Province was established (建立)in 1988. It consists of Hainan Island, Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands, Nansha Islands and the vast sea areas around them.Its total area is 340,000 km2.
Island Formation: Constructing a Coral Island
Austin, Heather; Edd, Amelia
The process of coral island formation is often difficult for middle school students to comprehend. Coral island formation is a dynamic process, and students should have the opportunity to experience this process in a synergistic context. The authors provide instructional guidelines for constructing a coral island. Students play an interactive role…
Raninoides longifions new species, off SE coast of Hainan Island, dorsal surface of carapace with an arched granular edge across carapace between the anterolateral teeth, median frontal tooth longest, second frontal teeth subquadrate.
Researching Pacific island livelihoods:
Egelund Christensen, Andreas; Mertz, Ole
Small island literature is vast in focus and aim, and is rooted in many different disciplines. The challenge is to find common grounds for researching small islands conceptually and theoretically. The aim of this article is to comment on how to research small islands, including a discussion on...... contemporary theories of nissology and conceptual analytical frameworks for island research. Through a review of selected case-study-based island literature on changing livelihoods coming out of the South Pacific, we wish to illustrate and discuss advantages of finding common grounds for small island studies...
The Nourishing Sea: Partnered Guardianship of Fishery and Seabed Mineral Resources for the Economic Viability of Small Pacific Island Nations
Paul D'Arcy
While island biogeography and modern economics portray Pacific island nations as isolated, ecologically fragile, resource poor and barely viable economies forever dependent on foreign aid, Pacific island history and culture conceives of their islands as intimately inter-linked to the surrounding ocean and of that ocean as an avenue to expanded resource bases, both terrestrial and aquatic. Pacific Islanders live in the most aquatic human zone on Earth, with the highest territorial ratios of se...
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — The 752 artifacts described in this paper are from 5 sites on Shemya Island. Artifactual evidence suggests the island had a small resident population and was...
Bertram, Geoffrey; Poirine, Bernard
International audience In this chapter we build on the observation that island economies, and especially small ones (population below one million), exhibit a remarkably wide range of economic structures built on a correspondingly wide range of development strategies. Common elements of "islandness" may serve to define island economies as a general class, but there clearly exist several distinct "species" within that class, and a corresponding menu of strategic options open to islander comm...
Birds observed at Shemya Island, Aleutian Islands
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This report covers Shemya Island bird surveys. The reports outline migrant bird activity during August 31 to October 3, 1977. The purpose of the study was to survey...
Paradise Islands? Island States and Environmental Performance
Sverker C. Jagers
Full Text Available Island states have been shown to outperform continental states on a number of large-scale coordination-related outcomes, such as levels of democracy and institutional quality. The argument developed and tested in this article contends that the same kind of logic may apply to islands' environmental performance, too. However, the empirical analysis shows mixed results. Among the 105 environmental outcomes that we analyzed, being an island only has a positive impact on 20 of them. For example, island states tend to outcompete continental states with respect to several indicators related to water quality but not in aspects related to biodiversity, protected areas, or environmental regulations. In addition, the causal factors previously suggested to make islands outperform continental states in terms of coordination have weak explanatory power in predicting islands' environmental performance. We conclude the paper by discussing how these interesting findings can be further explored.
Fox, Justin Daniel.
This thesis examines the fictional island and assesses the impact of Darwinism on the genre. I show how islands have been a recurring feature in European literature, fictional spaces where authors create a microcosm in which they satirise, criticise or hold up a mirror to their own society. I argue that traditonal Utopian islands are static realms and that through the introduction of evolution (Darwin and Wallace made their most important discoveries regarding the mechanism of...
Tanzania - Mafia Island Airport
Millenium Challenge Corporation — The evaluation design and subsequent data gathering activities will address the following key research questions: a) Has the Mafia Island Airport Upgrade Project...
In this presentation author (General Director of Slovenske elektrarne, a. s.) presents structure and investment plans of SE. The feasibility study of construction of the blocks 3 and 4 of the Mochovce NPP is presented
World Bank
This country note is produced is part of The Pacific Catastrophe Risk Assessment andFinancing Initiative (PCRAFI). The geographic spread of the Cook Islands poses logistical problems for any necessary post-disaster relief and response efforts. The events of 2005 demonstrated that the Cook Islands is extremely vulnerable to the threat of tropical cyclones (TCs): in the two months of Februar...
Stephens, Lawrence J.; And Others
Describes an ecology course which provides students with an opportunity to observe aquatic and terrestrial life in the Bahamas. States that students learn scientific methodology by measuring physical and chemical aspects of the island habitats. Provides information on the island, course description and objectives, transportation, facilities, and…
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This letter, written by Charles Marks who lived on St. Vincent Island as a child, notes the changes he saw in the island when he visited in 1981. He notes that the...
Shriki, Atara
In this article, the author presents the Treasure Island problem and some inquiry activities derived from the problem. Trying to find where pirates buried a treasure leads to a surprising answer, multiple solutions, and a discussion of problem solving. The Treasure Island problem is an example of an inquiry activity that can be implemented in…
Slovenske elektrarne, a.s. (SE) plans to restructure one's own debts in 2003-2005. Debt restructuring plan is following: 2003: Collection of pre-payment on electricity - 60 million Euro (2.5 billion Slovak crowns), consumer unknown. Own promissory notes in total value of 100 million US$ (3.5 billion Slovak crowns) - in process. Sale of claims worth 2.4 billion Slovak crowns (57.21 million Euro) - negotiations in process. 2003/2004: Restructuring of loans payable IV. quarter 2003 and at the beginning of 2004 in value of 200 million Euro (8.3 billion Slovak crowns). Aim of SE is a new credit payable within 7 years, with instalments payable in the last two to three without any state subsidies. 2005: Loans worth 460 million Euro (189 billion Slovak crowns) will still remain. SE want to negotiate them with banks without state support
Schaumburg-Müller, Peer; Werlauff, Erik
Bogen behandler den særlige, fælleseuropæiske aktieselskabstype, der står til valgfri disposition for virksomhederne i form af europæiske aktieselskaber, såkaldte SE-selskaber, som alene kan stiftes ved en grænseoverskridende transaktion.......Bogen behandler den særlige, fælleseuropæiske aktieselskabstype, der står til valgfri disposition for virksomhederne i form af europæiske aktieselskaber, såkaldte SE-selskaber, som alene kan stiftes ved en grænseoverskridende transaktion....
陈惠莲; MichaelTuerkay
Ranlnoides longifions new species, off SE coast of Hainan Island, dorsal surface of carapace with an arched granular edge across carapace between the anterolateral teeth, median frontal tooth longest, second frontal teeth subquadrate.
Romero, Adam P; Baumle, Amanda; Badgett, M. V. Lee; Gates, Gary J.
Using data from the U.S. Census Bureau, this report provides demographic and economic information about same-sex couples and same-sex couples raising children in Rhode Island. We compare same-sex "unmarried partners," which the Census Bureau defines as an unmarried couple who "shares living quarters and has a close personal relationship," to different-sex married couples in Rhode Island. In many ways, the over 2,400 same-sex couples living in Rhode Island are similar to married coupl...
Bogen Se min kjole udkom i anledning af 50-året for de første ordinationer af kvindelige præster i den danske folkekirke i 1948. Bogen giver analyser af, hvad kvindelige præster har betydet for præsterollen og for prædikengenren; den fortæller om de første kvindelige præsters liv og syn på...
Wilkonský, Roman
Diplomová práce se zabývá zpracováním projektové dokumentace pro provádění stavby. Stavba je navržená jako autosalon se servisem. Stavební parcela se nachází v katastrálním území Ostrava - Vítkovice. Projektová dokumentace je zpracována v souladu s platnými zákony, vyhláškami a normami. Stavba je funkčně rozdělena na dva objekty a to výstavní sál s administrativním a sociálním zázemím a servisní část s myčkou a sociálním zázemím. Tyto dva objekty jsou provozně a stavebně propojeny. Nejdelší p...
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This report covers the Nunivak Island muskox, summarizing the carrying capacity and age and sex ratios. Recommendations are attached for muskox management.
Solomon Islands; Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This paper analyzes Solomon Islands' ongoing reforms concerning of the mineral taxation regime and the fiscal impact of mineral resources. The analysis shows that mineral revenue could be substantial, provided that mineral prices remain strong in the medium term. Enforcing the tax agreement with, a Gold Ridge company, and implementing the new resource taxation regime are critical to ensure that the forthcoming mineral wealth spills over to the rest of the economy. Solomon Islands should ado...
Islands and Islandness in Rock Music Lyrics
Daniele Mezzana
Full Text Available This paper presents a first exploration, qualitative in character, based on a review of 412 songs produced in the period 1960-2009, about islands in rock music as both social products and social tools potentially contributing to shaping ideas, emotions, will, and desires. An initial taxonomy of 24 themes clustered under five meta-themes of space, lifestyle, emotions, symbolism, and social-political relations is provided, together with some proposals for further research.
Vicia vulcanorum (Fabaceae a new species from the island of Lanzarote (Canary Islands
Morales-Mateos, J. B.
Full Text Available Vicia vulcanorum J. Gil & M. L. Gil (Fabaceae, a new species of subg. Cracca (Dumort. Peterm., sect. Cracca Dumort. is described and illustrated from the island of Lanzarote, Canary Islands, north-west of Africa. It is related to and compared with Vicia cirrhosa C. Sm. ex Webb & Berthel. and Vicia filicaulis Webb & Berthel., two endemic species from the western and central group of the Canary Islands, and Vicia ferreirensis Goyder, an endemic species from Porto Santo Island, Madeira Archipelago.Se describe e ilustra Vicia vulcanorum J. Gil & M. L. Gil (Fabaceae, una nueva especie y endemismo de la isla de Lanzarote, Islas Canarias, perteneciente al subg. Cracca (Dumort. Peterm., sect. Cracca Dumort. Se encuentra relacionada y es comparada con Vicia cirrhosa C. Sm. ex Webb & Berthel. y Vicia filicaulis Webb & Berthel., especies endémicas de las islas centrales y occidentales del archipiélago canario, y con Vicia ferreirensis Goyder, especie endémica de la isla de Porto Santo, en el archipiélago de Madeira.
Surface morphology of Cr:Ga2Se3 heteroepitaxy on Si(001)
Yitamben, E. N.; Lovejoy, T. C.; Paul, D. F.; Callaghan, J. B.; Ohuchi, F. S.; Olmstead, M. A.
Addition of the transition-metal dopant Cr to Ga2Se3 during heteroepitaxial growth on Si(001), a system of interest as a prototype silicon-compatible, dilute magnetic semiconductor, has been studied with scanning-tunneling microscopy and scanning Auger microscopy as a function of Cr concentration and the presence or absence of an undoped buffer or capping layer. Chromium incorporates into laminar Ga2Se3 films up to a solubility limit of several atomic percent, after which Cr-rich islands nucleate. At low Cr concentrations, the vacancy-ordered nanoridge structure characteristic of pure Ga2Se3 remains but nanoridge aspect ratios decrease with Cr concentration; this is likely associated with Cr removing intrinsic vacancies. At higher Cr concentrations, faceted, Cr-rich islands nucleate, often surrounded by trenches, and the terrace morphology no longer resembles pure Ga2Se3 . Growth of Cr-doped Ga2Se3 directly on Si(001):As is qualitatively similar to growth on a pure Ga2Se3 buffer layer; however, the island structure changes dramatically upon coverage of a highly doped layer with undoped Ga2Se3 . Addition of Cr stabilizes cubic overlayer growth under Se-poor growth conditions beyond that of pure Ga2Se3 ; no growth of the hexagonal layered structure characteristic of bulk GaSe was observed.
Seal Island and Franklin Island National Wildlife Refuges Trip Report
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This is a summary of visits to both Seal Island National Wildlife Refuge and Franklin Island National Wildlife Refuge on August 14, 15, 16, 1982.
Godfrey Baldacchino
Full Text Available A global review of islands and their connections with astronomy throughout history up to the contemporary times suggests eight compelling, distinct yet interlocking reasons why islands have been and remain so important to astronomy and astronomers. Islands constitute favourable locations for various types of astronomy-related activities: from tracking satellites and monitoring significant celestial events, to providing exceptional locations to jurisdictions with mandated dark and unpolluted skies. They appeal for their favourable longitude and (especially southern latitude, as well as for their disposition towards the conditions that the scientific community may expect in an ideal world: relatively clear viewing conditions from a secure, self-contained platform that is, however, endowed with connectivity. This article is written as a contribution to the International Year of Astronomy (2009.
Formation and properties of epitaxial CdSe, ZnSe quantum dots. Conventional molecular beam epitaxy and related techniques
Mahapatra, Suddhasatta
This thesis systematically investigates three such alternative approaches, along with conventional MBE, with emphasis on the formation-mechanism of QDs, and optimization of their morphological and optical attributes. it is shown here that no distinct 3D islands are formed in MBE growth of CdSe on ZnSe. While CdSe heteroepitaxy occurs in the multilayer-mode at T{sub G}=300 C, a reentrant recovery of the layer-by-layer mode is reported in this thesis, for growth at T{sub G}<{proportional_to}240 C. In the second variant technique, formation of large and distinct islands is demonstrated by deposition of amorphous selenium (a-Se) onto a 2D CdSe epilayer at room temperature and its subsequent desorption at a higher temperature (T{sub D}=230 C). The process steps of the third variant technique, developed in course of this work, are very similar to those of the previous one-the only alteration being the substitution of selenium with tellurium as the cap-forming-material. (orig.)
78 FR 48668 - PSEG Long Island LLC, Long Island Electric Utility Servco LLC, Long Island Power Authority, Long...
... Energy Regulatory Commission PSEG Long Island LLC, Long Island Electric Utility Servco LLC, Long Island Power Authority, Long Island Lighting Company; Notice of Petition for Declaratory Order Take notice that...) Rules of Practice and Procedure, 18 CFR 385.207, PSEG Long Island LLC (PSEG LI), Long Island...
Anders, R.
The Long Island Solar Farm (LISF) is a remarkable success story, whereby very different interest groups found a way to capitalize on unusual circumstances to develop a mutually beneficial source of renewable energy. The uniqueness of the circumstances that were necessary to develop the Long Island Solar Farm make it very difficult to replicate. The project is, however, an unparalleled resource for solar energy research, which will greatly inform large-scale PV solar development in the East. Lastly, the LISF is a superb model for the process by which the project developed and the innovation and leadership shown by the different players.
Sakhalin Island terrain intelligence
U.S. Geological Survey Military Geology Branch
This folio of maps and explanatory tables outlines the principal terrain features of Sakhalin Island. Each map and table is devoted to a specialized set of problems; together they cover the subjects of terrain appreciation, climate, rivers, water supply, construction materials, suitability for roads, suitability for airfields, fuels and other mineral resources, and geology. In most cases, the map of the island is divided into two parts: N. of latitude 50° N., Russian Sakhalin, and south of latitude 50° N., Japanese Sakhalin or Karafuto. These maps and data were compiled by the United States Geological Survey during the period from March to September, 1943.
Vorrats-SE ohne Arbeitnehmerbeteiligung
Blanke, Thomas
Das neue Praxisfeld der SE wirft eine Fülle von Rechtsfragen auf. In Deutschland ist im März 2005 in Berlin die 'Go East Invest SE. Europäische Gesellschaft zur Industrieansiedlung und Markterschließung' in das Handelsregister eingetragen worden, obwohl entgegen Art. 12 Abs.2 SE-VO keine Regelung zur Arbeitnehmermitbestimmung getroffen wurde. Seit Oktober nimmt auch bereits der Handel mit Vorrats-SE Gestalt an. Vorrats-SE sind Gesellschaften, die allein zum Zweck des Handels mit dem SE-Mantel...
1957 Aleutian Islands, USA Images
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The magnitude 8.6 (Mw) earthquake occurred south of the Andreanof Islands, in the Aleutian Islands. It generated an 8-meter tsunami that did great damage on Adak...
Gulf Island National Wildlife Refuges
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This document provides a brief history and describes physical features of the Gulf Island National Wildlife Refuges. The Gulf Island National Wildlife Refuges...
Islanded operation of distribution networks
This report summarises the results of a study assessing the benefits and risks to distribution network of generator islanding and examining the technical, commercial and regulatory changes required to facilitate the operation of islanding. The background to the study is traced, and details are given of a literature review, the technical criteria for operating sections of the network in islanding mode, and the impact of islanding on trading. Case studies and a detailed implementation plan, data acquisition, and commercial incentives are discussed
Islanded operation of distribution networks
This report summarises the results of a study assessing the benefits and risks to distribution network of generator islanding and examining the technical, commercial and regulatory changes required to facilitate the operation of islanding. The background to the study is traced, and details are given of a literature review, the technical criteria for operating sections of the network in islanding mode, and the impact of islanding on trading. Case studies and a detailed implementation plan, data acquisition, and commercial incentives are discussed.
Marketing plan for Kuuskajaskari Island
Marketing palan for Kuuskajaskari Island. ‡b Kuuskajaskari Island owned by the town of Rauma. Marketing plan should help the entrepreneurs of the islands to create services that target groups want and promote them by using the efficient marketing mix. The theoretical part consists of nature of tourism industry, travel consumers in general, then focus on Rauma areas and its island as targeted destination. Data was gathered from different official Finnish websites, books and from Sanni-Mari Aal...
Initial growth behavior of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 on molybdenum substrates
Schlenker, T.; Schock, H. W.; Werner, J. H.
We study the initial growth stage of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 on Mo films on glass, as the typical back contact for Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 solar cells. A thermal evaporation process deposits Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 of nominal 3 nm thickness at different rates R and substrate temperatures TSub. An ultrahigh resolution scanning electron microscope serves to visualize the nucleation behavior. The deposited Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 forms three-dimensional isolated nuclei, known as Volmer-Weber growth mode. Deposition rate R and substrate temperature TSub control the areal density n of the Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 nuclei. For the growth on polycrystalline Mo substrates fabricated by sputter process, we observe a power law dependence between the island density n and the deposition rate R, and an exponential dependence of the island density n on substrate temperature TSub. The theory of homogeneous nucleation explains the Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 cluster formation on sputtered Mo substrates and the dependence of the island density on the growth conditions. On electron gun evaporated molybdenum, the cluster growth shows a similar behavior, but the nucleation mechanism deviates from the model of homogeneous nucleation and strong island density fluctuations occur.
This heat island reduction strategies guidebook provides an overview of urban heat islands and steps communities can take to reduce them. In particular, this guidebook provides background basics and answers the questions: "What is a heat island?" "What are its impacts?" "What ar...
Electron-impact ionization of Se2+ and Se3+
Pindzola, M. S.; Loch, S. D.
Electron-impact ionization cross sections for Se2+ and Se3+ are calculated using a semi-relativistic configuration-average distorted-wave (CADW) method. Good agreement between the CADW calculations and recent experimental measurements are found for the single ionization of Se2+ from threshold to 500 eV and for the double ionization of Se2+ from threshold to 225 eV. Good agreement between the CADW calculations and recent experimental measurements are also found for the single ionization of Se3+ from threshold to 200 eV and for the double ionization of Se3+ near the peak of the cross section at 350 eV. Disagreements at other incident electron energies may be due to the complexity of the ionization pathways for low charged Se atomic ions, the various theoretical approximations, and the difficulty in measuring relatively small double ionization events.
Kiritimati, Kiribati (Christmas Island)
Pronounced 'Ki-ris-mas,' Kiritimati Island has a large infilled lagoon that gives it the largest land area (125 square miles, 321 square km) of any atoll in the world. Captain Cook named the atoll Christmas Island when he arrived on Christmas Eve in 1777. Used for nuclear testing in the 1950s and 1960s, the island is now valued for its marine and wildlife resources. It is particularly important as a seabird nesting site-with an estimated 6 million birds using or breeding on the island, including several million Sooty Terns. Rainfall on Kiritimati is linked to El Nino patterns, with long droughts experienced between the wetter El Nino years. This image is based on a mosaic of four digital photographs taken on 16 January 2002 from the Space Station Alpha as part of the Crew Earth Observations Project. The underlying data have 10 meter spatial resolution. Coral reefs are one of the areas selected as a scientific theme for this project (see also the recent Earth Observatory article, Mapping the Decline of Coral Reefs. The mosaic, based on images ISS004-ESC-6249 to 6252, was provided by the Earth Sciences and Image Analysis Laboratory at Johnson Space Center. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA-JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth.
Steenis, van C.G.G.J.
A discussion of the Results of the Royal Society Expedition to the British Solomon Islands Protectorate, 1965. Organized by E.J.H. Corner. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 255 (1969) 185-631, 196 fig. University Printing House, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge. Obtainable through booksellers or direct to the Royal
Solomon Islands : Workforce Development
World Bank
Solomon Islands has undertaken a comprehensive assessment of the strength of its workforce development (WfD) policies and institutions to support these initiatives and enhance evidence based dialogue on their implementation. This assessment has been based on the World Bank s Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) systems benchmarking initiative, under which a suite of analyt...
Objective. To determine the incidence of bone islands in leprosy patients. Design. X-rays of feet and hands of patients with Hansen's disease (leprosy) were reviewed retrospectively. A second group of related age- and sex-matched patients who did not have Hansen's disease was used for control purposes. Controls had undergone hand or foot X-rays during diagnosis of other pathologies. The patients with Hansen's disease were compared with the control group, and were also analyzed as subgroups with different types of leprosy. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. Patients. Ninety patients with Hansen's disease were randomly selected for this study. Patients who had had ulcers on hands or feet were excluded from the study. Results and conclusions. Bone islands were demonstrated in 20 patients with Hansen's disease; no bone islands were observed in the controls. This was statistically significant (P<0.01). Bone islands were only seen in patients with lepromatous leprosy and borderline types but were not demonstrated in patients with tuberculoid leprosy. There was also a statistically significant relationship for a disease duration of 15 years or more. The cause of this raised incidence of enostosis in leprosy patients is not clear, but there may be a genetic predisposition in patients with leprosy, or it may be a side effect of leprosy, especially the lepromatous form. (orig.)
Christmas Island birds returning
Six months after their mass exodus, birds are beginning to return to Christmas Island. Roughly 17 million birds, almost the entire adult bird population, either perished or fled their mid-Pacific atoll home last autumn, leaving behind thousands of nestlings to starve (Eos, April 5, 1983, p. 131). It is believed that the strong El Niño altered the ecology of the surrounding waters and forced the birds to flee. Christmas Island is the world's largest coral atoll."Ocean and atmosphere scientists are unsure of future directions for the El Niño conditions and cannot now predict what will happen to the birds in the coming months," said Ralph W. Schreiber, curator of ornithology at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County in California. Heisthe ornithologist who discovered the disappearance. "The recovery of the bird populations depends on the food supply in the waters surrounding the island." The island's birds feed exclusively on small fish and squid.
Mauritius - a Sustainable Island
Larsen, Anders
The Government of Mauritius has a long-term vision of transforming Mauritius into a sustainable Island. One important element towards the achievement of this vision is to increase the country's renewable energy usage and thereby reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Democratisation of energy...
Wulff, Barry L.; And Others
Reports on an island ecology course offered by Eastern Connecticut State College providing opportunities for students to study the ecology and natural history of organisms found in a variety of subtropical habitats in Bermuda. Explains student selection criteria, trip preparation, evaluation criteria, daily programs, and habitats studied on the…
78 FR 58880 - Safety Zone; Catawba Island Club Wedding Event, Catawba Island Club, Catawba Island, OH
... DHS Department of Homeland Security FR Federal Register NPRM Notice of Proposed Rulemaking TFR... SECURITY Coast Guard 33 CFR Part 165 RIN 1625-AA00 Safety Zone; Catawba Island Club Wedding Event, Catawba Island Club, Catawba Island, OH ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is...
Single-island home range use by four female Peary caribou, Bathurst Island, Canadian High Arctic, 1993-94
Frank L. Miller
Full Text Available Spatial and temporal use of seasonal, and collectively, annual ranges by four female Peary caribou (Rangifer taran-dus pearyi was investigated using satellite telemetry. Knowledge of how caribou use space allows a better understanding of their demands on those ranges and enhances evaluation of associated environmental stressors. The study took place during an environmentally favorable caribou-year with high reproduction and calf survival and low (none detected 1+ yr-old mortality, 1 August 1993 to 31 July 1994, Bathurst Island, south-central Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canadian High Arctic. All four females exhibited a pattern of single-island seasonal, and collectively, annual range use. Estimates of the maximum area encompassed by each individual during the course of the annual-cycle varied from 1735 to 2844 km2 (mean±SE = 2284±250 km2. Although, there was 46% spatial overlap among individual ranges, temporal isolation resulted in the four individuals maintaining seasonal ranges distinctly separate from each other. This collective area encompassed 4970 km2 and equaled about 31% and 18% of Bathurst Island and the Bathurst Island complex, respectively. Individual wintering areas formed a relatively small portion of each individual's annual range (mean±SE=71±17 km2: 24 km2, 158 days of occupation, <1% of the annual area; 70 km2, 187 days, 4%; 95 km2, 200 days, 4%; and 94 km2, 172 days, 6%. Seasonal movements were greatest during pre-rut and pre-calving.
Structural and optical properties of CuSe2 nanocrystals formed in thin solid Cu-Se film
Gilić, M.; Petrović, M.; Kostić, R.; Stojanović, D.; Barudžija, T.; Mitrić, M.; Romčević, N.; Ralević, U.; Trajić, J.; Romčević, M.; Yahia, I. S.
This paper describes the structural and optical properties of Cu-Se thin films. The surface morphology of thin films was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Formation of Cu-Se thin films is concluded to proceed unevenly, in the form of islands which later grew into agglomerates. The structural characterization of Cu-Se thin film was investigated using X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD). The presence of two-phase system is observed. One is the solid solution of Cu in Se and the other is low-pressure modification of CuSe2. The Raman spectroscopy was used to identify and quantify the individual phases present in the Cu-Se films. Red shift and asymmetry of Raman mode characteristic for CuSe2 enable us to estimate nanocrystal dimension. In the analysis of the far-infrared reflection spectra, numerical model for calculating the reflectivity coefficient of layered system, which includes film with nanocrystalite inclusions (modeled by Maxwell-Garnett approximation) and substrate, has been applied.
Bah, Isaac
On the Azores island Graciosa the Berlin-based company Younicos has installed a new electricity system with advanced storage technology, which will make the islanders independent from fossil fuels. With an energy mix of wind power, photovoltaics and biomass the dependence on fossil fuels should be terminated. In the center of the flagship project specifically developed hybrid batteries are used (combination of sodium-sulfur- and lithium-ion batteries) with 2.7 MW of power and a storage capacity of ten megawatts hours. [German] Auf der Azoren-Insel Graciosa installiert das Berliner Unternehmen Younicos ein neues Stromsystem mit modernster Speichertechnologie, das die Bewohner unabhaengig von fossilen Energietraegern machen soll. Mit einem Energiemix aus Windkraft, Photovoltaik und Biomasse soll die Abhaengigkeit von fossilen Brennstoffen beendet werden. Im Zentrum des Vorzeigeprojekts stehen speziell fuer den Inseleinsatz entwickelte Hybridbatterien (Kombination aus Natrium-Schwefel- und Lithium-Ionen-Akkus) mit 2,7 Megawatt Leistung und eine Speicherkapazitaet von zehn Megawattestunden.
For the conventional island, GEC Alsthom designs, manufactures and supplies: Mechanical equipment for the conventional island, Electrical equipment for the entire PWR unit, Safety-class mechanical equipment. Its experience and its own R and D resources, as well as close collaboration with EDF and experience feedback from equipment manufacturing, plant unit construction, and operation, enabled GEC Aslthom to meet the challenge of making a success of the massive nuclear power program launched in France. The latest step in the French nuclear power program is the 'N4' generation of 1450 MWe class units, for which GEC Alsthom has developed a second generation of impulse turbines, more compact and efficient moisture separator/reheaters and seawater-tight condensers
The nonlinear evolution of the tearing mode is studied within the framework of single fluid magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) for different cases. First, the most simple instance of magnetic islands is studied, that is, the reduced MHD model within the cylindrical approximation for a given or constant resistivity profile. The nonlinear saturation of the tearing instability is then treated using two different methods: the first one, called the flux coordinate method, takes into account the fact that the current density is a flux function, whereas the second, simply called the perturbative method, does not. The generalized Rutherford equation is then provided by the asymptotic matching condition. It is shown not to depend on the choice of normalizations, as it should, and, in addition to new terms calculated for the first time, gives back all the results derived in previous work on the subject. It is also shown that the magnetic island gives rise to an order w3 modification of the poloidal magnetic flux, where w is the saturated island width, which is due to the flattening of the current density profile inside the separatrix. The perturbative method is then used to tackle two other issues, the first one being that of island rotation and the presence of an outer perturbation to the system. The corrections to the Rutherford equation due to these new effects are derived, and the importance of regularizing the vorticity profile in a new viscous-resistive boundary layer centered on the separatrix is emphasized, although not done explicitly. The second issue deals with the saturation of the tearing mode in full MHD, assuming single helicity and zero pressure. The equations are rewritten in a way that resembles the reduced MHD equations, so that the saturation equation can be derived using the perturbative method. Finally, the interest of such a study concerning the Reversed Field Pinch is discussed, and, in particular, the possibility that the tearing mode saturation may provide
Bühler, Oliver; Jensen, Marina Bergen; Petersen, Karen Sejr
Urban Heat Island beskriver det forhold, at temperaturen i byområder er højere end temperaturen i tilgrænsede landområder. Årsagen hertil ligger i den urbane arealanvendelse, hvor en mindre andel af arealerne er dækket af vegetation, og en større andel består af forseglede arealer....
Formation and properties of epitaxial CdSe, ZnSe quantum dots. Conventional molecular beam epitaxy and related techniques
This thesis systematically investigates three such alternative approaches, along with conventional MBE, with emphasis on the formation-mechanism of QDs, and optimization of their morphological and optical attributes. it is shown here that no distinct 3D islands are formed in MBE growth of CdSe on ZnSe. While CdSe heteroepitaxy occurs in the multilayer-mode at TG=300 C, a reentrant recovery of the layer-by-layer mode is reported in this thesis, for growth at TGD=230 C). The process steps of the third variant technique, developed in course of this work, are very similar to those of the previous one-the only alteration being the substitution of selenium with tellurium as the cap-forming-material. (orig.)
Gordana Šarušić
Full Text Available The first attempts of intensive mariculture in Croatia commenced at the very beginning of 1980's. The mid-eighties brought an expansion of mariculture production, which has been continuously increasing. A few different marine organisms are intensively cultured - both fish and shellfish. Among them commercially most important and highly valued species are sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax and sea bream Sparus aurata. Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and oyster Ostrea edulis are the most important shellfish. Fish species such as dentex Dentex dentex, red sea bream Pagrus major and sheepshead bream Puntazzo puntazzo are reared too, but in a rather small quantities. Only recently the rearing, on-growing- of bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus started in Croatia. The juveniles (70% are reared in a Croatian hatcheries, and 30% has to be imported mainly from Italy and France, due to a higher demand for this kind of culture among the small growers. Croatian part of Adriatic sea possesses a number of geomorfologicaly suitable sites and meteorological conditions which determined the choice - type - of intensive culture. All fish species are reared in a floating cages. The choice of cages i. e. semi off-shore or floating frames, size, rearing volume and design depend on the investors personal preference. The annual turnouf of a market size bass was about 600t and 300t bream in 1996., by 10 island farms which is 70% of total production in Croatia. Including other cultured fish species last year production was up to 1000t, and it™s being estimated to be about 1300t in the following year. The shellfish production on the islands is usually individual attempt of farmers, producing minor quantities mostly in polyculture. This production has bigger potential but it's limited owing to the EU quality control regulations which do not allow the export, and by domestic market which has drastically decreased due to the collapse of tourism during the recent war. Almost 80
Solomon Islands : Operational Procurement Review
World Bank
Solomon Islands is a remote, scattered archipelago about 1,900 km northeast of Australia in the South Pacific, with terrain ranging from about 1,000 mountainous islands to low-lying coral atolls stretching in a 1,450 km chain east of Papua New Guinea across the Coral Sea to Vanuatu. The archipelago covers a total area of 725,197 sq km (approx 280,000 sq miles) with the main islands being C...
Gamma ray dose rates in the Weh Island, Indonesia
The Weh Island is located at the northern most part of Great Sumatera Fault system which has NW-SE trend elongated from Bands Aceh until Semangko Bay about 1650 km within Sumatera Island. We had conducted the measurement of gamma ray dose rate in Weh Island of Sumatera in Indonesia. From about 15 observation points, we found that the average of gamma ray dose rate was 50.8 ± 4.8 nGy/h. From the present study, natural intensity of radioactivity could be checked and can be concluded into the following; 1) There are two high radioactive level zones in the investigating area. One of them is the east zone in accordance with valleys and erosion zone along the structure line (Great Sumatra fault). 2) The other zone is the central part of this area. Even if this zone looks lineament geographically, it indicates the existence of fault line. (author)
Adaptation and diversification on islands.
Losos, Jonathan B; Ricklefs, Robert E
Charles Darwin's travels on HMS Beagle taught him that islands are an important source of evidence for evolution. Because many islands are young and have relatively few species, evolutionary adaptation and species proliferation are obvious and easy to study. In addition, the geographical isolation of many islands has allowed evolution to take its own course, free of influence from other areas, resulting in unusual faunas and floras, often unlike those found anywhere else. For these reasons, island research provides valuable insights into speciation and adaptive radiation, and into the relative importance of contingency and determinism in evolutionary diversification. PMID:19212401
Island biogeography of the Anthropocene.
Helmus, Matthew R; Mahler, D Luke; Losos, Jonathan B
For centuries, biogeographers have examined the factors that produce patterns of biodiversity across regions. The study of islands has proved particularly fruitful and has led to the theory that geographic area and isolation influence species colonization, extinction and speciation such that larger islands have more species and isolated islands have fewer species (that is, positive species-area and negative species-isolation relationships). However, experimental tests of this theory have been limited, owing to the difficulty in experimental manipulation of islands at the scales at which speciation and long-distance colonization are relevant. Here we have used the human-aided transport of exotic anole lizards among Caribbean islands as such a test at an appropriate scale. In accord with theory, as anole colonizations have increased, islands impoverished in native species have gained the most exotic species, the past influence of speciation on island biogeography has been obscured, and the species-area relationship has strengthened while the species-isolation relationship has weakened. Moreover, anole biogeography increasingly reflects anthropogenic rather than geographic processes. Unlike the island biogeography of the past that was determined by geographic area and isolation, in the Anthropocene--an epoch proposed for the present time interval--island biogeography is dominated by the economic isolation of human populations. PMID:25254475
Islanders' Perspectives on Sustainable Living
Gillian Cambers
Full Text Available An internet forum, supported by the Small Islands Voice initiative, has since 2002 provided a place where islanders from around the world could discuss issues and problems and also learn from the experiences of others. This paper provides a reflective overview of the discussions over the past four years and attempts to identify some specific characteristics that identify islanders in their approaches to everyday living. An analysis of the forum respondents shows that approximately two thirds are male; one half come from the Pacific islands; and more than a half are employed in island-based occupations. Discussions have covered infrastructural development; resource management; environmental, social and economic issues. The overview indicates islanders are very willing to speak out and take ownership of their issues and problems and their discussions show a significant level of understanding about the need to balance limited resources and economic development. Proposals for action are practical and feasible and there is a strong vein of common sense running through the responses. Most significantly, islanders show a deep love for their island homes, an attitude of caring about the future development of their islands, and a willingness to try to solve their problems themselves.
Renewable energy islands in Europe
Oestergaard, Iben [ed.
This publication includes a compiled presentation of various aspects concerning the possible transformation of some European islands into renewable energy communities and these projects were presented by a selection of pioneer islands at the first European Seminar on Renewable Energy Islands, held on the Danish island of Samsoee, 29-30 June 1998. This issue has increased in importance with the presentation of the ambitious EU-White Paper: `Energy for the future: Renewable Sources of Energy` which was adopted in 1998. One of the key elements of the strategy for an accelerated implementation of renewable energy is to transform 100 localities within Europe into communities which are to be 100% self-sufficient with renewable energy before 2010. In line with this strategy, the Danish Government appointed the island of Samsoe towards the end of 1997 to be the first `official` Danish, renewable energy island. This is to serve as a demonstration project for other local communities, both in Denmark as well as in the rest Europe. Gothland, Madeira, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Arki, Crete, Minorca and Orkney Islands were represented. Environmental advantages of wind, solar and wave power for distant island communities were indicated. Serious savings would be achieved by limitation of fossil fuel import and utilization of local resources. (EG)
On January 16, 2002, lava that had begun flowing on January 5 from the Piton de la Fournaise volcano on the French island of Reunion abruptly decreased, marking the end of the volcano's most recent eruption. These false color MODIS images of Reunion, located off the southeastern coast of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean, were captured on the last day of the eruption (top) and two days later (bottom). The volcano itself is located on the southeast side of the island and is dark brown compared to the surrounding green vegetation. Beneath clouds (light blue) and smoke, MODIS detected the hot lava pouring down the volcano's flanks into the Indian Ocean. The heat, detected by MODIS at 2.1 um, has been colored red in the January 16 image, and is absent from the lower image, taken two days later on January 18, suggesting the lava had cooled considerably even in that short time. Earthquake activity on the northeast flank continued even after the eruption had stopped, but by January 21 had dropped to a sufficiently low enough level that the 24-hour surveillance by the local observatory was suspended. Reunion is essentially all volcano, with the northwest portion of the island built on the remains of an extinct volcano, and the southeast half built on the basaltic shield of 8,630-foot Piton de la Fournaise. A basaltic shield volcano is one with a broad, gentle slope built by the eruption of fluid basalt lava. Basalt lava flows easily across the ground remaining hot and fluid for long distances, and so they often result in enormous, low-angle cones. The Piton de la Fournaise is one of Earth's most active volcanoes, erupting over 150 times in the last few hundred years, and it has been the subject of NASA research because of its likeness to the volcanoes of Mars. Image courtesy Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC
There are four seasons in a year. When spring comes, the weather is mild(温和的). Summer comes after spring. Summer is the hottest season of the year. Autumn follows summer. It is the best season of the year. Winter is the coldest season of the year. Some islands(岛) have their own particular(特别的) seasons because their weather is very much affected(影响) by the oceans(海洋) around them. In Britain, winter is not very cold and summer is not very hot.
Kim, Hongsuk H.
The phenomenon of urban heat island was investigated by the use of LANDSAT Thematic Mapper data sets collected over the metropolitan area of Washington DC (U.S.). By combining the retrieved spectral albedos and temperatures, urban modification on radiation budgets of five surface categories were analyzed. The surface radiation budget imagery of the area show that urban heating is attributable to a large heat flux from the rapidly heating surfaces of asphalt, bare soil and short grass. In summer, symptoms of diurnal heating begin to appear by mid morning and can be about 10 degrees warmer than nearby woodlands in summer.
Organizations as Designed Islands
Pasquale Gagliardi
Full Text Available The literature and practice of organizational design are mostly based on simplistic conceptions which ignore recent theoretical developments in organizational studies. Conceiving of organizations as 'designed islands', it is argued, can contribute to a more solid theoretical foundation to organization theory, viewed as normative science. Relying on the work of Peter Sloterdijk, who describes the forms of life in space in terms of spheres, the heuristic power of the island metaphor is explored. What can be learnt from the art of isolating in order to construct lived organizational environments is then discussed, and the paradoxical relationship between connection and isolation is highlighted.
Mediterranean Islands: A Concept
Lopašić, A.
This article represents some of the results of my fieldwork and research on the islands of Sardinia, Corsica, Malta, Sicily, Crete and Susak between the years 1962–1986. My main filed-work in Sardinia was supported by the Social Science Research Council, London and the University of Reading/Berks, and the ones in Corsica, Malta and Sardinia by the Department of Ethnology, University of Cologne (Institut für Völkerkunde, Universität Köln) forming a part of a project on the Medit...
Sample Set (SE): SE20 [Metabolonote[Archive
Full Text Available SE20 Arabidopsis thaliana leaf metabolite analysis for a software test Investigatio...es that were investigated to optimize the parameters of PowerGet software for better metabolite annotation i
Sample Set (SE): SE12 [Metabolonote[Archive
Full Text Available SE12 Effect of agricultural films for spinach leaf metabolites Investigation of Spi...nacia oleracea leaf metabolites. 2 cultivars (Nihon and Wasesaradaakari), 2 growth conditions (normal film and UV film
Sample Set (SE): SE14 [Metabolonote[Archive
Full Text Available SE14 Effect of agricultural films for tomato fruit metabolites Investigation of Sol...anum lycopersicum fruit metabolites. 3 growth conditions (covered with normal or UV cut agricultural film or no agricultural
Sample Set (SE): SE16 [Metabolonote[Archive
Full Text Available SE16 Effect of agricultural films for spinach leaf metabolites 2 Investigation of S...pinacia oleracea leaf metabolites. 3 growth conditions (covered with normal or UV cut agricultural film or no agricultural
Sample Set (SE): SE10 [Metabolonote[Archive
Full Text Available SE10 Effect of phosphorus nutrition for cabbage metabolites Investigation of Brassi...ca oleracea var. capitata Hatukoi leaf metabolites. 3 growth conditions (high, low and no phosphorus nutrition
Sample Set (SE): SE37 [Metabolonote[Archive
Full Text Available SE37 Medicago truncatula shoot metabolite analysis using stable isotopes Metabolite...formed to estimate the elemental composition with high reliability using the number of stable isotopes incor
Stroke and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders
... Population Profiles > Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander > Stroke Stroke and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders Native Hawaiians/Pacific ... non-Hispanic white adults to die from a stroke in 2010. In general, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander ...
Asthma and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders
... Population Profiles > Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander > Asthma Asthma and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders are 70 percent more likely to have asthma as non-Hispanic whites. National data for this ...
Diffuse soil CO_2 degassing from Linosa island
Dario Cellura
Full Text Available Normal 0 14 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Normal 0 14 false false false IT X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Herein, we present and discuss the result of 148 measurements of soil CO2 flux performed for the first time in Linosa island (Sicily Channel, Italy, a Plio-Pleistocene volcanic complex no longer active but still of interest owing to its location within a seismically active portion of the Sicily Channel rift system. The main purpose of this survey was to assess the occurrence of CO2 soil degassing, and compare flux estimations from this island with data of soil degassing from worldwide active volcanic as well as non-volcanic areas. To this aim soil CO2 fluxes were measured over a surface of about 4.2 km2 covering ~80% of the island. The soil CO2 degassing was observed to be mainly concentrated in the eastern part of the island likely due to volcano-tectonic lineaments, the presence of which is in good agreement with the known predominant regional faults system. Then, the collected data were interpreted using sequential Gaussian simulation that allowed estimating the total CO2 emissions of the island. Results show low levels of CO2 emissions from the soil of the island (~55 ton d-1 compared with CO2 emissions of currently active volcanic areas, such as Miyakejima (Japan and Vulcano (Italy. Results from this study suggest that soil degassing in Linosa is mainly fed by superficial organic activity with a moderate contribution of a deep CO2 likely driven by NW-SE trending active tectonic structures in the eastern part of the island.
We have updeated the radiological dose assessment for Enjebi Island at Enewetak Atoll using data derived from analysis of food crops grown on Enjebi. This is a much more precise assessment of potential doses to people resettling Enjebi Island than the 1980 assessment in which there were no data available from food crops on Enjebi. Details of the methods and data used to evaluate each exposure pathway are presented. The terrestrial food chain is the most significant potential exposure pathway and 137Cs is the radionuclide responsible for most of the estimated dose over the next 50 y. The doses are calculated assuming a resettlement date of 1990. The average wholebody maximum annual estimated dose equivalent derived using our diet model is 166 mremy;the effective dose equivalent is 169 mremy. The estimated 30-, 50-, and 70-y integral whole-body dose equivalents are 3.5 rem, 5.1 rem, and 6.2 rem, respectively. Bone-marrow dose equivalents are only slightly higher than the whole-body estimates in each case. The bone-surface cells (endosteal cells) receive the highest dose, but they are a less sensitive cell population and are less sensitive to fatal cancer induction than whole body and bone marrow. The effective dose equivalents for 30, 50, and 70 y are 3.6 rem, 5.3 rem, and 6.6 rem, respectively. 79 refs., 17 figs., 24 tabs
Jean Stubbs
Full Text Available Review of: An Island Called Home: Returning to Jewish Cuba. Ruth Behar, photographs by Humberto Mayol. New Brunswick NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2007. xiii + 297 pp. (Cloth US$ 29.95 Fidel Castro: My Life: A Spoken Autobiography. Fidel Castro & Ignacio Ramonet. New York: Scribner/Simon & Schuster, 2008. vii + 724 pp. (Paper US$ 22.00, e-book US$ 14.99 Cuba: What Everyone Needs to Know. Julia E. Sweig. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009. xiv + 279 pp. (Paper US$ 16.95 [First paragraph] These three ostensibly very different books tell a compelling story of each author's approach, as much as the subject matter itself. Fidel Castro: My Life: A Spoken Autobiography is based on a series of long interviews granted by the then-president of Cuba, Fidel Castro, to Spanish-Franco journalist Ignacio Ramonet. Cuba: What Everyone Needs to Know, by U.S. political analyst Julia Sweig, is one of a set country series, and, like Ramonet's, presented in question/answer format. An Island Called Home: Returning to Jewish Cuba, with a narrative by Cuban-American anthropologist Ruth Behar and photographs by Cuban photographer Humberto Mayol, is a retrospective/introspective account of the Jewish presence in Cuba. While from Ramonet and Sweig we learn much about the revolutionary project, Behar and Mayol convey the lived experience of the small Jewish community against that backdrop.
NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity used its navigation camera to take the images combined into this full-circle view of the rover's surroundings during the 1,825th Martian day, or sol, of Opportunity's surface mission (March 12, 2009). North is at the top. The rover had driven half a meter (1.5 feet) earlier on Sol 1825 to fine-tune its location for placing its robotic arm onto an exposed patch of outcrop including a target area informally called 'Cook Islands.' On the preceding sol, Opportunity turned around to drive frontwards and then drove 4.5 meters (15 feet) toward this outcrop. The tracks from the SOl 1824 drive are visible near the center of this view at about the 11 o'clock position. For scale, the distance between the parallel wheel tracks is about 1 meter (about 40 inches). Opportunity had previously been driving backward as a strategy to redistribute lubrication in a wheel drawing more electrical current than usual. The outcrop exposure that includes 'Cook Islands' is visible just below the center of the image. The terrain in this portion of Mars' Meridiani Planum region includes dark-toned sand ripples and lighter-toned bedrock. This view is presented as a cylindrical projection with geometric seam correction.
Non-native vascular plants from Canary Islands (Spain): nomenclatural and taxonomical adjustments
Se propone correcciones taxonómicas y nomenclaturales respecto a 88 taxones no nativos de la lista de plantas vasculares de las Islas Canarias (España). Non-native vascular plants from Canary Islands (Spain): nomenclatural and taxonomical adjustments. Corrections and other adjustments are proposed for 88 non-native taxa from the checklist of vascular plants from the Canary Islands (Spain).
GULANGYU, the island of pianos in southeast Xiamen, has more than 500 pianos. In the island's Shuzhuang Garden is the Gulangyu Piano Museum.Spread out over 2,000 square meters of land, the museum has on exhibit more than 70 pianos from the UK, France, Germany and Austria.
Islands for nuclear power stations
The safety principles, design criteria and types of artificial island for an offshore nuclear power station are discussed with particular reference to siting adjacent to an industrial island. The paper concludes that the engineering problems are soluble and that offshore nuclear power stations will eventually be built but that much fundamental work is still required. (author)
Solomon Islands : Health Financing Options
Somanathan, Aparnaa
The objective of this Policy Note is to provide an assessment of available options for financing health care in the Solomon Islands. In doing so, the analysis will factor in the country-specific economic, social and political factors, which will ultimately influence the performance of the health financing mechanisms. The Note was motivated by the Solomon Islands Government s (SIG) interest...
Juan F. García Mejía
Full Text Available En este artículo se muestra un sistema que permite el estudio y práctica del Lenguaje de Señas Mexicano (LMS, el cual es el método de comunicación de las personas que padecen un trastorno de procesamiento auditivo. El sistema propuesto en este artículo consta de un guante de tela instrumentado con sensores de flexión, una etapa de acondicionamiento de señales y una tarjeta de adquisición de datos; que en su conjunto constituyen el Hardware. El software esta formado por un programa de adquisición de datos y una interfaz de usuario, ambos codificados en Visual Basic Net. El sistema propuesto se modela por medio del lenguaje de modelado unificado (UML, ya que Visual Basic es un lenguaje orientado a eventos.
Islanded operation of distributed networks
This report summarises the findings of a study to investigate the regulatory, commercial and technical risks and benefits associated with the operation of distributed generation to power an islanded section of distributed network. A review of published literature was carried out, and UK generators were identified who could operate as part of an island network under the existing technical, regulatory, and safety framework. Agreement on case studies for consideration with distributed network operators (DNOs) is discussed as well as the quantification of the risks, benefits and costs of islanding, and the production of a case implementation plan for each case study. Technical issues associated with operating sections of network in islanded mode are described, and impacts of islanding on trading and settlement, and technical and commercial modelling are explored.
Islanded operation of distributed networks
This report summarises the findings of a study to investigate the regulatory, commercial and technical risks and benefits associated with the operation of distributed generation to power an islanded section of distributed network. A review of published literature was carried out, and UK generators were identified who could operate as part of an island network under the existing technical, regulatory, and safety framework. Agreement on case studies for consideration with distributed network operators (DNOs) is discussed as well as the quantification of the risks, benefits and costs of islanding, and the production of a case implementation plan for each case study. Technical issues associated with operating sections of network in islanded mode are described, and impacts of islanding on trading and settlement, and technical and commercial modelling are explored
林洪瑛; 程赛伟; 韩舞鹰
Observation data from a cruise in the Nansha Islands, in May to June 1990, Decem ber, 1993, September to October 1994, and July, 1999, respectively, were used to develop the method presented here to indicate the existing strength of the diss ol ved oxygen maximum in the vertical distribution of Nansha Islands waters. Its se asonal variation and regional distribution are discussed in this paper. Analysis results showed that the distribution of the strength of dissolved oxygen maximum (Domax-Dosur) was closely related to the upper layer circulation and the bioactivity of Nansha Islands seawater.
75 FR 51098 - Protection Island and San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuges, Jefferson, Island, San Juan...
... Register on August 14, 2007 (72 FR 45444), announcing our intent to complete a CCP/EA and inviting public... natural processes to occur with minimal human intervention; monitoring wildlife species; and working with... Fish and Wildlife Service Protection Island and San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuges,...
In order to analyze energy self-sufficient island, example of a smaller island, connected to the power system of a bigger island with an undersea cable, was taken. Mounting substation 10/0,4 is situated on the island and for the moment it provides enough electricity using the medium voltage line. It is assumed that the island is situated on the north part of the Adriatic Sea. The most important problem that occurs on the island is the population drop that occurs for a significant number of years, therefore, life standard needs to be improved, and economic development needs to be encouraged immediately. Local authorities to stimulate sustainable development on the island through different projects, to breath in a new life to the island, open new jobs and attract new people to come live there. Because of the planned development and increase of the population, energy projects, planned as a support to sustainable development, and later achievement of the energy self-sufficiency, is described in this paper. Therefore, Rewisland methodology appliance is described taking into the account three possible scenarios of energy development. Each scenario is calculated until year 2030. Also, what is taken into the account is 100% usage of renewable sources of energy in 2030. Scenario PTV, PP, EE - This scenario includes installation of solar photovoltaic modules and solar thermal collectors on the buildings roofs, as well as well as implementation of energy efficiency on the island (replacement of the street light bulbs with LED lightning, replacement of the old windows and doors on the houses, as well as the installation of the thermal insulation). Scenario PV island - This scenario, similarly to the previous one, includes installation of solar photovoltaic modules and solar thermal collectors an the residential buildings, as well as the 2 MW photovoltaic power plant and ''Green Hotel'', a building that satisfies all of its energy needs completely from renewable energy sources
10 April 2004 Marte Valles is an outflow channel system that straddles 180oW longitude between the region south of Cerberus and far northwestern Amazonis. The floor of the Marte valleys have enigmatic platy flow features that some argue are formed by lava, others suggest they are remnants of mud flows. This Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) image shows an island created in the middle of the main Marte Valles channel as fluid---whether lava or mud---flowed past two older meteor impact craters. The craters are located near 21.5oN, 175.3oW. The image covers an area about 3 km (1.9 mi) across. Sunlight illuminates the scene from the lower left.
Framatome and its partners have produced this glossary of technical terms that can be used in writing English language documents relating to power plants (nuclear islands, individual components, nuclear services, etc.) with the hope of improving the quality of the documents intended for their clients, suppliers and partners and for others. This glossary will be particularly useful to the translators and authors of technical proposals, design documents, manufacturing documents, construction and operating documents concerning Pressurized Water Reactors written in English or French. It can also be useful as a reference document for students, researchers, journalists, etc., having to write on this subject. We would like to thank all those individuals working at the Ministere de la Recherche et de la Technologie, Electricite de France, Jeumont Schneider and Framatome who have contributed to this glossary. We would also appreciate any comments or sugestions intended to improve subsequent editions of this glossary
Martinak, B.
An artificial island is described for use in energy production from ocean waves, comprising: a platform disposed atop the ocean surface; vertically disposed rigid posts extending beneath the platform short of the ocean floor; a stationary wave amplifier affixed to the posts, the wave amplifier of a conical shape with inclined sides for directing water upwardly from substantially any lateral direction when submerged to amplify wave action; a movable inverted conical float slidably mounted for translation movement along the posts and disposed between the platform and the wave amplifier for movement with the waves; an apex of the conical float directed substantially toward an apex of the conical wave amplifier; and an energy-drive device disposed on the platform. A means is provided for converting the motion of the float to transmittable energy for operating the energy-driven device.
Jørgensen, Tina; Kjær, Kurt H.; Haile, James Seymour;
Nunataks are isolated bedrocks protruding through ice sheets. They vary in age, but represent island environments in 'oceans' of ice through which organism dispersals and replacements can be studied over time. The J.A.D. Jensen's Nunataks at the southern Greenland ice sheet are the most isolated...... nunataks on the northern hemisphere - some 30 km from the nearest biological source. They constitute around 2 km(2) of ice-free land that was established in the early Holocene. We have investigated the changes in plant composition at these nunataks using both the results of surveys of the flora over the...... where the botanical survey was exhaustive. As no animals and humans are found on the nunataks, this change in diversity over a period of just 42 years must relate to environmental changes probably being climate-driven. This suggests that even the flora of fairly small and isolated ice-free areas reacts...
PIPS: pathogenicity island prediction software.
Siomar C Soares
Full Text Available The adaptability of pathogenic bacteria to hosts is influenced by the genomic plasticity of the bacteria, which can be increased by such mechanisms as horizontal gene transfer. Pathogenicity islands play a major role in this type of gene transfer because they are large, horizontally acquired regions that harbor clusters of virulence genes that mediate the adhesion, colonization, invasion, immune system evasion, and toxigenic properties of the acceptor organism. Currently, pathogenicity islands are mainly identified in silico based on various characteristic features: (1 deviations in codon usage, G+C content or dinucleotide frequency and (2 insertion sequences and/or tRNA genetic flanking regions together with transposase coding genes. Several computational techniques for identifying pathogenicity islands exist. However, most of these techniques are only directed at the detection of horizontally transferred genes and/or the absence of certain genomic regions of the pathogenic bacterium in closely related non-pathogenic species. Here, we present a novel software suite designed for the prediction of pathogenicity islands (pathogenicity island prediction software, or PIPS. In contrast to other existing tools, our approach is capable of utilizing multiple features for pathogenicity island detection in an integrative manner. We show that PIPS provides better accuracy than other available software packages. As an example, we used PIPS to study the veterinary pathogen Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, in which we identified seven putative pathogenicity islands.
Sample Set (SE): SE27 [Metabolonote[Archive
Full Text Available SE27 Effect of agricultural films for cabbage leaf metabolites Investigation of Bra...ssica oleracea var. capitata YR Tenkuu leaf metabolites. 3 growth conditions (covered with normal or UV cut agricultural... film or no agricultural film), 3 replicates data are examined. Takeshi Ara 1, Naoki Yamamoto 1,
Sample Set (SE): SE58 [Metabolonote[Archive
Full Text Available SE58 Exploring matrix effects and quantification performance in metabolomics experiments using artificial...ificial biological gradients is a general and inexpensive tool for calibration that... the peaks but also highlights cases with strong background-dependent signal interference. Analysis of art
Sample Set (SE): SE56 [Metabolonote[Archive
Full Text Available SE56 MS/MS spectral tag-based annotation of non-targeted profile of plant secondary...sis, resulting in clarification of the functions of reported genes involved in glycosylation of flavonoids. Thus, non-target
Significados y funciones del "se"
Lidia Contreras
Full Text Available En este artículo la autora se limita a comentar críticamente lo que la Real Academia Española de la Lengua (cit. Ac. dice en su "Gramática de la lengua española" de 1931 (Madrid, Espasa-Calpe, S. A. con respecto a los diversos tipos de "se" que ella toma en cuenta, comentario que pretende mostrar una mayor diversificación que la establecida en la mencionada obra. (In this article, its author offers a critical commentary of the position taken by The Spanish Royal Academy of Language (RAE in Gramática de la lengua española (1931 on the subject of "Uses of 'se'". The author intends to show a greater variety of uses than those proposed by RAE.
Island Bay Wilderness study area : Island Bay National Wildlife Refuge
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This document is a brief report on a wilderness study area located in the Island Bay National Wildlife Refuge. It discusses the history of the study area, its...
IslandViewer update: improved genomic island discovery and visualization
Dhillon, Bhavjinder K.; Chiu, Terry A.; Laird, Matthew R.; Langille, Morgan G I; Brinkman, Fiona S. L.
IslandViewer (http://pathogenomics.sfu.ca/islandviewer) is a web-accessible application for the computational prediction and analysis of genomic islands (GIs) in bacterial and archaeal genomes. GIs are clusters of genes of probable horizontal origin and are of high interest because they disproportionately encode virulence factors and other adaptations of medical, environmental and industrial interest. Many computational tools exist for the prediction of GIs, but three of the most accurate met...
Frandsen, Pernille
Få lidt luft under vingerne, kom ud at møde udenlandske kolleger og se, hvordan man også kan lave uddannelsesbibliotek. Med begejstring fortæller tre bibliotekarer om deres oplevelser i det store udland – alt sammen finansieret af Erasmus.......Få lidt luft under vingerne, kom ud at møde udenlandske kolleger og se, hvordan man også kan lave uddannelsesbibliotek. Med begejstring fortæller tre bibliotekarer om deres oplevelser i det store udland – alt sammen finansieret af Erasmus....
... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Long Island. 9.170 Section... Island. (a) Name. The name of the viticultural area described in this section is "Long Island." (b) Approved maps. The appropriate maps for determining the boundary of the Long Island viticultural area...
... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Rhode Island. 808.89 Section 808.89 Food and Drugs... and Local Exemptions § 808.89 Rhode Island. The following Rhode Island medical device requirements are... from preemption under section 521(b) of the act: Rhode Island General Laws, Section 5-49-2.1,...
46 CFR 7.80 - Tybee Island, GA to St. Simons Island, GA.
... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Tybee Island, GA to St. Simons Island, GA. 7.80 Section... BOUNDARY LINES Atlantic Coast § 7.80 Tybee Island, GA to St. Simons Island, GA. (a) A line drawn from the southernmost extremity of Savannah Beach on Tybee Island 255° true across Tybee Inlet to the shore of...
Guest editorial introduction: Understanding island cities
Adam Grydehoj
Full Text Available Island studies research has traditionally focused on relatively rural, peripheral, and isolated communities, yet island cities (strongly urbanized small islands or archipelagos or major population centres of large islands or archipelagos also represent an important research area. Island spatiality has a host of historical and continuing effects on urban development, influencing urban densification and agglomeration, zonal differentiation, and neighbourhood formation in cities both big and small. This special section of Island Studies Journal includes papers on the island cities and urban archipelagos of Peel (Isle of Man, British Isles, Nuuk (Greenland, Palma de Majorca (Spain, Belize City (Belize, and Mumbai (India. The Island Cities and Urban Archipelagos research network seeks to help enrich wider island studies scholarship and contribute to introducing the island dimension to urban studies.
Introduction to the "SE Field"
Defourny, Jacques
The "SE Field" stands here for the main concepts defining the research areas of the EMES European Research Network since its creation in an informal (1996-2001) and then formal way (2002): Social Enterprise, Social Entrepreneurship, Social Economy and Solidarity Economy
Hawaiian Islands Wilderness proposal announcement
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This document is a letter from the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife stating that documents pertaining to the Hawaiian Islands Wilderness proposal have been...
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — This raster map uses five color-coded categories to show concentrations of dissolved oxygen in bottom waters of Long Island Sound during the summer of 2014. Data...
Ship impact against protection islands
Pedersen, Preben Terndrup
The five most exposed piers and the anchor blocks on the East Bridge shall be protected by aritificial islands. Extensive analytical and experimental investitations were carried out to verify the efficiency of how these protection works....
Papahanaumokuakea - Laysan Island Restoration 2009
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This project will support restoration activities at Laysan Island. Staff and volunteers continue efforts to eradicate alien invasive species such as Indian dropseed...
Papahanaumokuakea - Laysan Island Restoration 2011
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This project supports restoration activities at Laysan Island. Staff and volunteers continue efforts to eradicate alien invasive species such as Indian dropseed...
Popham Buys St. Vincent Island
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — An announcement has recently been made that William Lee Popham has purchased an option on Saint Vincent Island including all of the water bottoms legally belonging...
Hawaiian Islands Wilderness proposal : Synopsis
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This document is a synopsis of the Hawaiian Islands Wilderness proposal. It covers information such as the location of the proposed area, management the wilderness...
Three Mile Island Accident Data
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Three Mile Island Accident Data consists of mostly upper air and wind observations immediately following the nuclear meltdown occurring on March 28, 1979, near...
Papahanaumokuakea - Laysan Island Restoration 2010
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — The Goal of the Laysan Island Restoration is to restore Laysan to a "Pristine" state which would require minimal monitoring and habitat for Endemic Endangered...
Investigation of the Pr{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Cu{sub 2}Se-PbSe and Pr{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Ag{sub 2}Se-PbSe systems
Marchuk, O.V. [Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Volyn State University, Voli Ave 13, 43009 Lutsk (Ukraine); Gulay, L.D. [Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Volyn State University, Voli Ave 13, 43009 Lutsk (Ukraine)]. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Shemet, V.Ya. [Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Volyn State University, Voli Ave 13, 43009 Lutsk (Ukraine); Olekseyuk, I.D. [Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Volyn State University, Voli Ave 13, 43009 Lutsk (Ukraine)
Phase diagram of the Cu{sub 2}Se-PbSe system was constructed using differential-thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and metallography. The eutectic reaction L-bar {beta}-Cu{sub 2}Se+PbSe takes place at 886K and corresponds to 46mol% PbSe. The peritectoid reaction {beta}-Cu{sub 2}Se+PbSe-bar {alpha}-Cu{sub 2}Se takes place at 420K. The formation of the PrCuSe{sub 2} compound (LaCuS{sub 2} structure type, space group P2{sub 1}/c) and the solid solution range Pr{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Pr{sub 2}PbSe{sub 4} (Th{sub 3}P{sub 4} structure type, space group I4-bar 3d, a=0.89916(2)nm, R{sub I}=0.0682 for Pr{sub 2}PbSe{sub 4}) was confirmed using X-ray powder diffraction. The interactions between the components in the Pr{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Cu{sub 2}Se-PbSe and Pr{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Ag{sub 2}Se-PbSe systems at 870K were determined using X-ray powder diffraction. No quaternary compounds exist in these systems.
Solomon Islands national situation analysis
Govan, H.; Schwarz, A.M.; Harohau, D.; Oeta, J.
The CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems (CRP AAS) was approved by the CGIAR Fund Council in July, 2011. Solomon Islands, one of five countries targeted by the program, began its rollout with a five month planning phase between August and December of 2011. Subsequent steps of the Program rollout include scoping, diagnosis and design. This report is the first to be produced during the scoping phase in Solomon Islands; it addresses the national setting and provides basic infor...
Invasive rodent eradication on islands.
Howald, Gregg; Donlan, C Josh; Galván, Juan Pablo; Russell, James C; Parkes, John; Samaniego, Araceli; Wang, Yiwei; Veitch, Dick; Genovesi, Piero; Pascal, Michel; Saunders, Alan; Tershy, Bernie
Invasive mammals are the greatest threat to island biodiversity and invasive rodents are likely responsible for the greatest number of extinctions and ecosystem changes. Techniques for eradicating rodents from islands were developed over 2 decades ago. Since that time there has been a significant development and application of this conservation tool. We reviewed the literature on invasive rodent eradications to assess its current state and identify actions to make it more effective. Worldwide, 332 successful rodent eradications have been undertaken; we identified 35 failed eradications and 20 campaigns of unknown result. Invasive rodents have been eradicated from 284 islands (47,628 ha). With the exception of two small islands, rodenticides were used in all eradication campaigns. Brodifacoum was used in 71% of campaigns and 91% of the total area treated. The most frequent rodenticide distribution methods (from most to least) are bait stations, hand broadcasting, and aerial broadcasting. Nevertheless, campaigns using aerial broadcast made up 76% of the total area treated. Mortality of native vertebrates due to nontarget poisoning has been documented, but affected species quickly recover to pre-eradication population levels or higher. A variety of methods have been developed to mitigate nontarget impacts, and applied research can further aid in minimizing impacts. Land managers should routinely remove invasive rodents from islands <100 ha that lack vertebrates susceptible to nontarget poisoning. For larger islands and those that require nontarget mitigation, expert consultation and greater planning effort are needed. With the exception of house mice (Mus musculus), island size may no longer be the limiting factor for rodent eradications; rather, social acceptance and funding may be the main challenges. To be successful, large-scale rodent campaigns should be integrated with programs to improve the livelihoods of residents, island biosecurity, and reinvasion response
The Three Mile Island accident taught a lesson to the industry. Packaged units, ancillary units, off-plots and so on need as much detailed attention as the main stream, especially when their failure can cause a shut-down of the main stream. To try to clear the choke, the operators used instrument air. Its pressure was lower than that of the water so water got back into the instrument air lines. There was a non-return valve in the line but it was faulty. How often have the authors connected process equipment to service lines at a lower pressure and ended up with flammable gas in the nitrogen lines or oil in the compressed air lines? The actual pressures in services lines are often lower than the nominal pressures. Instrument air should never be used for line blowing. The water in the instrument air lines caused several instrument failures and the turbine tripped. This stopped heat removal from the radioactive core. The production of heat by fission stopped automatically within a few minutes. (Silver rods drop down into the core. They absorb neutrons and stop radioactive fission.) However the heat produced by radioactive decay (about 6 percent of the normal load) had to be removed. This caused the primary water to boil. The pilot-operated relief valve (PORV) on the primary circuit lifted and pumps started up automatically to replace the water evaporated from the primary circuit. (Unfortunately the PORV stuck open)
Radiometric evidence for involvement of floating islands in the formation of Florida Everglades tree islands
Gleason, Patrick J.; Piepgras, Donald; Stone, Peter A.; Stipp, Jerry
Inversions of radiocarbon dates were determined on samples from the peat profiles of two small extant tree islands in the northeastern Everglades, Florida. These reversals were predicted from the theory that such tree islands developed on laterally displaced floating islands.
WATER TEMPERATURE and DEPTH - SENSOR collected from OSCAR ELTON SETTE in main Hawaiian Islands from 2008-07-11 to 2008-07-29 (NCEI Accession 0155892)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — XBT data were collected during a Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center's Cetacean Research Program's shipboard cetacean survey (Cruise ID SE 08-06). XBT casts...
WATER TEMPERATURE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, and others collected from OSCAR ELTON SETTE in main Hawaiian Islands from 2008-07-11 to 2008-07-29 (NCEI Accession 0155891)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — CTD data were collected during a Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center's Cetacean Research Program's shipboard cetacean survey (Cruise ID: SE 08-06). CTD casts...
Aleutian Canada goose transplant from Buldir Island to Agattu Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, summer 1984
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — Geese were captured on Buldir Island by searching the upper and lower edge of the lowland tall plant association where tall plants offer cover and short plants...
Fernando Mattos
Full Text Available Este estudio pretende retomar algunos temas específicos del debate sobre la desindustrialización en Brasil, así como también, apunta a recordar algunos aspectos del debate teórico-histórico sobre la desindustrialización, presente en la literatura sobre desarrollo económico. En la primera parte, se destacan algunos elementos del referido debate presentes en la literatura especializada, discutiendo aspectos teóricos de la formulación kaldoriana que destacan el papel del crecimiento industrial y de la mudanza estructural en el crecimiento de las economías capitalistas. En la segunda, son organizados y analizados algunos indicadores recientes del desempeño del sector industrial brasileño. Finalmente, se ofrecen algunas breves notas conclusivas.
Bryophytes from Simeonof Island in the Shumagin Islands, southwestern Alaska
Schofield, W.B.; Talbot, S. S.; Talbot, S.L.
Simeonof Island is located south of the Alaska Peninsula in the hyperoceanic sector of the middle boreal subzone. We examined the bryoflora of Simeonof Island to determine species composition in an area where no previous collections had been reported. This field study was conducted in sites selected to represent the spectrum of environmental variation within Simeonof Island. Data were analyzed using published reports to compare bryophyte distribution patterns at three levels, the Northern Hemisphere, North America, and Alaska. A total of 271 bryophytes were identified: 202 mosses and 69 liverworts. The annotated list of species for Simeonof Island expands the known range for many species and fills distribution gaps within Hulte??n's Western Pacific Coast district. Maps and notes on the distribution of 14 significant distribution records are presented. Compared with bryophyte distribution in the Northern Hemisphere, the bryoflora of Simeonof Island primarily includes taxa of boreal (55%), temperate (20%), arctic (10%), and cosmopolitan (8%) distribution; 6% of the moss flora are western North America endemics. A description of the bryophytes present in the vegetation and habitat types is provided as is a quantitative analysis of the most frequently occurring bryophytes in crowberry heath.
Fish otoliths are herein used to estimate the depositional depth of the Early - Middle Pleistocene deposits at SE Zakynthos and SW Kephallonia Islands (Ionian Sea, Western Greece), through comparison with the modern bathymetric distributions of the identified fish taxa. These estimates provide a more detailed picture of the depth variations for the Gelasian - Ionian stage interval in the study areas. The Lower Pleistocene marine deposits of the Gerakas Formation (SE Zakynthos Island, Ionian S...
Terrestrial bird population trends on Aguiguan (Goat Island), Mariana Islands
Amidon, Fred; Camp, Richard J.; Marshall, Ann P.; Pratt, Thane K.; Williams, Laura; Radley, Paul; Cruz, Justine B.
The island of Aguiguan is part of the Mariana archipelago and currently supports populations of four endemic species, including one endemic genus, Cleptornis. Bird population trends since 1982 were recently assessed on the neighbouring islands of Saipan, Tinian, and Rota indicating declines in some native species. Point-transect surveys were conducted in 2008 by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to assess population densities and trends on Aguiguan. Densities for six of the nine native birds—White-throated Ground-dove Gallicolumba xanthonura, Collared Kingfisher Todiramphus chloris, Rufous Fantail Rhipidura rufifrons, Golden White-eye Cleptornis marchei, Bridled White-eye Zosterops conspicillatus and Micronesian Starling Aplonis opaca—and the non-native bird—Island Collared-dove Streptopelia bitorquata—were significantly greater in 2008 than in 1982. No differences in densities were detected among the surveys for Mariana Fruit-dove Ptilinopus roseicapilla, and Micronesian MyzomelaMyzomela rubratra. Three federally and locally listed endangered birds—Nightingale Reed-warbler Acrocephalus luscinius, Mariana Swiftlet Collocalia bartschi, and Micronesian Megapode Megapodius laperous)—were either not detected during the point-transect counts, the surveys were not appropriate for the species, or the numbers of birds detected were too small to estimate densities. The factors behind the increasing trends for some species are unknown but may be related to increased forest cover on the island since 1982. With declining trends for some native species on neighbouring islands, the increasing and stable trends on Aguiguan is good news for forest bird populations in the region, as Aguiguan populations can help support conservation efforts on other islands in the archipelago.
16ch high-resolution seismic reflection surveys on the active fault of upper fore-arc slope off Okinawa Island, central Ryukyu Island Arc, Southwest Japan
Arai, K.; Inoue, T.; Sato, T.; Tuzino, T.
The Ryukyu Island Arc extends from Kyushu to Taiwan, a distance of 1,200 km, along the Ryukyu Trench where the Philippine Sea Plate is subducting beneath the Eurasian Plate. The Okinawa Trough, a back arc basin has formed behind the Ryukyu Island Arc in late Pliocene to early Pleistocene. The research cruises of GH08 (from 28th July to 29th August 2008) and GH09 (from 16th July to 17th August 2009) were carried out around Okinawa Island, which is located on the central Ryukyu Island Arc. More than 4,500 miles multi channel high-resolution seismic profiles were acquired during these two cruises by the GI-gun (355cu. inch) or the Cluster-gun (30+30 cu. inch) systems with 16ch digital streamer cable. Survey area in the southeast off Okinawa Island is located on the upper fore-arc slope. Seismic reflections of the upper fore-arc slope show a distinct reflector which may represent erosional unconformable surface. The distinct reflector had tilted southeastward and was overlain by the stratified sediments. No obvious deformation such as the fold and faults parallel to the Ryukyu Trench axis was found under the upper slope. In contrast, some active faults which were perpendicular to the Ryukyu Trench axis (NW-SE direction) were observed. The most conspicuous normal fault was found on north off Okinawa Island. The fault with 70-80°dipping toward northeast has been active since the early Pleistocene inferred from seismic stratigraphy and calcareous nannofossil biochronology. The maximum displacement reaches to 0.7 s two way travel time in depth. An average of maximum vertical displace component of the normal fault may reach up to ten cm/1000 years. Seismic profiles indicate that the tilting of Ryukyu Island Arc forward to the Ryukyu Trench plays the important role of formation of the fault in a NW-SE direction.
Bird and mammal abundance at Nizki Island with notes on observations at Alaid Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, spring 1983
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — To document migratory bird use and response following elimination of introduced Arctic foxes from an island in the western Aleutian Islands. Fox elimination from an...
Aleutian Canada goose survey at Alaid and Nizki Islands, Near Island Group, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, spring 1984
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — Arctic foxes, introduced to Alaid and Nizki islands in 1911, 1920 and 1935, were removed from the two islands in 1975 and 1976 by means of shooting and trapping...
Protection Island and San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuges: Comprehensive Conservation Plan and San Juan Islands Wilderness Stewardship Plan
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP) was written to guide management on Protection Island and San Juan Islands NWRs for the next 15 years. This plan outlines...
Gonçalves, Adorinda; Velho, António; Pires, Delmina; Rodrigues, Maria José; Mafra, Paulo
O ensino experimental das ciências, em particular no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, tem sido objecto de estudo de vários investigadores nas últimas décadas. Encontram-se vários indicadores que apontam que este tipo de ensino promove o desenvolvimento de competências muito importantes para o desenvolvimento integral da criança no sentido de uma maior autonomia e capacidade reflexiva, aspecto potenciado pelo espírito criativo e de descoberta que encontramos nestas idades. O 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básic...
Late Quaternary climate change shapes island biodiversity.
Weigelt, Patrick; Steinbauer, Manuel Jonas; Cabral, Juliano Sarmento; Kreft, Holger
Island biogeographical models consider islands either as geologically static with biodiversity resulting from ecologically neutral immigration-extinction dynamics, or as geologically dynamic with biodiversity resulting from immigration-speciation-extinction dynamics influenced by changes in island characteristics over millions of years. Present climate and spatial arrangement of islands, however, are rather exceptional compared to most of the Late Quaternary, which is characterized by recurrent cooler and drier glacial periods. These climatic oscillations over short geological timescales strongly affected sea levels and caused massive changes in island area, isolation and connectivity, orders of magnitude faster than the geological processes of island formation, subsidence and erosion considered in island theory. Consequences of these oscillations for present biodiversity remain unassessed. Here we analyse the effects of present and Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) island area, isolation, elevation and climate on key components of angiosperm diversity on islands worldwide. We find that post-LGM changes in island characteristics, especially in area, have left a strong imprint on present diversity of endemic species. Specifically, the number and proportion of endemic species today is significantly higher on islands that were larger during the LGM. Native species richness, in turn, is mostly determined by present island characteristics. We conclude that an appreciation of Late Quaternary environmental change is essential to understand patterns of island endemism and its underlying evolutionary dynamics. PMID:27027291
Thermal island destabilization and the Greenwald limit
White, R. B.; Gates, D. A.; Brennan, D. P. [Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, P.O.Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543 (United States)
Magnetic reconnection is ubiquitous in the magnetosphere, the solar corona, and in toroidal fusion research discharges. In a fusion device, a magnetic island saturates at a width which produces a minimum in the magnetic energy of the configuration. At saturation, the modified current density profile, a function of the flux in the island, is essentially flat, the growth rate proportional to the difference in the current at the O-point and the X-point. Further modification of the current density profile in the island interior causes a change in the island stability and additional growth or contraction of the saturated island. Because field lines in an island are isolated from the outside plasma, an island can heat or cool preferentially depending on the balance of Ohmic heating and radiation loss in the interior, changing the resistivity and hence the current in the island. A simple model of island destabilization due to radiation cooling of the island is constructed, and the effect of modification of the current within an island is calculated. An additional destabilization effect is described, and it is shown that a small imbalance of heating can lead to exponential growth of the island. A destabilized magnetic island near the plasma edge can lead to plasma loss, and because the radiation is proportional to plasma density and charge, this effect can cause an impurity dependent density limit.
Thermal island destabilization and the Greenwald limit
White, R. B.; Gates, D. A.; Brennan, D. P.
Magnetic reconnection is ubiquitous in the magnetosphere, the solar corona, and in toroidal fusion research discharges. In a fusion device, a magnetic island saturates at a width which produces a minimum in the magnetic energy of the configuration. At saturation, the modified current density profile, a function of the flux in the island, is essentially flat, the growth rate proportional to the difference in the current at the O-point and the X-point. Further modification of the current density profile in the island interior causes a change in the island stability and additional growth or contraction of the saturated island. Because field lines in an island are isolated from the outside plasma, an island can heat or cool preferentially depending on the balance of Ohmic heating and radiation loss in the interior, changing the resistivity and hence the current in the island. A simple model of island destabilization due to radiation cooling of the island is constructed, and the effect of modification of the current within an island is calculated. An additional destabilization effect is described, and it is shown that a small imbalance of heating can lead to exponential growth of the island. A destabilized magnetic island near the plasma edge can lead to plasma loss, and because the radiation is proportional to plasma density and charge, this effect can cause an impurity dependent density limit.
Thermal island destabilization and the Greenwald limit
Magnetic reconnection is ubiquitous in the magnetosphere, the solar corona, and in toroidal fusion research discharges. In a fusion device, a magnetic island saturates at a width which produces a minimum in the magnetic energy of the configuration. At saturation, the modified current density profile, a function of the flux in the island, is essentially flat, the growth rate proportional to the difference in the current at the O-point and the X-point. Further modification of the current density profile in the island interior causes a change in the island stability and additional growth or contraction of the saturated island. Because field lines in an island are isolated from the outside plasma, an island can heat or cool preferentially depending on the balance of Ohmic heating and radiation loss in the interior, changing the resistivity and hence the current in the island. A simple model of island destabilization due to radiation cooling of the island is constructed, and the effect of modification of the current within an island is calculated. An additional destabilization effect is described, and it is shown that a small imbalance of heating can lead to exponential growth of the island. A destabilized magnetic island near the plasma edge can lead to plasma loss, and because the radiation is proportional to plasma density and charge, this effect can cause an impurity dependent density limit
Contrasting food web factor and body size relationships with Hg and Se concentrations in marine biota.
Karimi, Roxanne; Frisk, Michael; Fisher, Nicholas S
Marine fish and shellfish are primary sources of human exposure to mercury, a potentially toxic metal, and selenium, an essential element that may protect against mercury bioaccumulation and toxicity. Yet we lack a thorough understanding of Hg and Se patterns in common marine taxa, particularly those that are commercially important, and how food web and body size factors differ in their influence on Hg and Se patterns. We compared Hg and Se content among marine fish and invertebrate taxa collected from Long Island, NY, and examined associations between Hg, Se, body length, trophic level (measured by δ(15)N) and degree of pelagic feeding (measured by δ(13)C). Finfish, particularly shark, had high Hg content whereas bivalves generally had high Se content. Both taxonomic differences and variability were larger for Hg than Se, and Hg content explained most of the variation in Hg:Se molar ratios among taxa. Finally, Hg was more strongly associated with length and trophic level across taxa than Se, consistent with a greater degree of Hg bioaccumulation in the body over time, and biomagnification through the food web, respectively. Overall, our findings indicate distinct taxonomic and ecological Hg and Se patterns in commercially important marine biota, and these patterns have nutritional and toxicological implications for seafood-consuming wildlife and humans. PMID:24019976
Contrasting food web factor and body size relationships with Hg and Se concentrations in marine biota.
Roxanne Karimi
Full Text Available Marine fish and shellfish are primary sources of human exposure to mercury, a potentially toxic metal, and selenium, an essential element that may protect against mercury bioaccumulation and toxicity. Yet we lack a thorough understanding of Hg and Se patterns in common marine taxa, particularly those that are commercially important, and how food web and body size factors differ in their influence on Hg and Se patterns. We compared Hg and Se content among marine fish and invertebrate taxa collected from Long Island, NY, and examined associations between Hg, Se, body length, trophic level (measured by δ(15N and degree of pelagic feeding (measured by δ(13C. Finfish, particularly shark, had high Hg content whereas bivalves generally had high Se content. Both taxonomic differences and variability were larger for Hg than Se, and Hg content explained most of the variation in Hg:Se molar ratios among taxa. Finally, Hg was more strongly associated with length and trophic level across taxa than Se, consistent with a greater degree of Hg bioaccumulation in the body over time, and biomagnification through the food web, respectively. Overall, our findings indicate distinct taxonomic and ecological Hg and Se patterns in commercially important marine biota, and these patterns have nutritional and toxicological implications for seafood-consuming wildlife and humans.
Anthropic pressures on Egadi Islands
The Egadi Islands, like most Mediterranean islets, have radically changed the traditional lifestyle and the economic development model, based for centuries on the almost self-sufficient resources and production activities, mostly related to the sea (fishing and fish processing) and to the land. During the second half of the 1900., the development of transport radically transformed this model to make smaller islands, at least those closest to the coast, more tightly interconnected and dependent on the mainland. In particular, in Favignana, which is the most populous island and very close to the coast, the traditional activities tourism have led to a strong anthropic pressure concentrated in a few months of the year (summer) on the one hand, and a reduction of the resident population during the winter months on the other, with a serious impact on the care of the land
Lo que no se puede decir: se muestra
Cerruti, Nicolás
Lacan escribe mal, siempre me ha dado esa sensación. Lacan escribe tan mal que es ilegible. ¿Cómo, un sujeto que se esmeró tanto por el decir y sus límites, que enseñó tanto de lo simbólico y de los discursos, que nombró tanto al Otro, cómo puede ser que un sujeto así no haya encontrado la forma de escribir bien (para trasmitir aún mejor)? ¿Por qué no encontró mejores formas de decir? Si Freud era un maestro, con tanta belleza que hasta mereció un premio, ¿cómo es que Lacan no lo siguió en es...
Oceanographic Survey in waters of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and Micronesia (SE1003, EK60)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The goals of the cruise were to collect acoustic backscatter and oceanographic data at the vicinity of CNMI, Guam, and in the northern part of Micronesia. Data...
Cetacean Ecology Survey at North Western Hawaiian Islands (SE1303, EK60)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The goal of the cruise was to collect data on the abundance, distribution, stock structure, and habitat of cetaceans in the Papah?naumoku?kea Marine National...
Marine geological study of the continental shelf around Heugsan island, SE Korea
Lee, Chi Won; Jin, Jae Hwa; Shin, Won Cheol; Kim, Won Sik; Kim, Jung Ki; Kim, Sang Woo; Lee, Ho Yong; Chang, Cheong Hae; Kim, Sung Woo; Lee, Yoon Oh; Park, Young Soo; Bahng, Hyo Ky [Korea Inst. of Geology Mining and Materials, Taejon (Korea, Republic of)
This annual report is a result of marine geological and geophysical surveys conducted in 1995 to obtain a variety of data available for mapping Korean continental shelf geology. The study area is situated off city of Mokpo, comprising a rectangle enclosed by lines connecting between 34 degree 30`N and 35 degree 00`N, and between 125 degree 00`E and 126 degree 00`E. Geophysical surveys included water-depth sounding, sea floor side scanning, 3.5 khz sub-bottom profiling, air gun seismic reflection profiling and measurement of total magnetic intensity. During geological terms, 102 grab samples were collected from a grid of 4 miles x 4 miles spaced on the sea floor, and 31 sediment cores were raised from the proper sites determined by preliminary interpretation of geophysical data. The survey vessel, R/V Tamhae, was positioned by a GPS system (Loran-GPS 10X; Trimble Navigation Co.). The sea floor is largely covered with seven distinct types of surface and near-surface sediments; (1) massive sand, (2) homogeneous clay, (3) laminated silt, (4) bioturbated muddy sand, (5) massive silt, (6) bioturbated gravelly muddy sand, and (7) shell aggregate. Based on synthetic interpretation of high-resolution (3.5 khz) seismic data and correlated sedimentary facies, the shallow substratum comprises low-stand, transgressive and high-stand systems tracts (LST, TST and HST, respectively) formed during the last glacio-eutectics regression and transgression. Air gun seismic profiles show that pre-Pleistocene sediments comprise 4 sequences designated as B, C, D, and E, respectively. (author). 63 refs.
Full Text Available SE1PVGRP18 S000288 10-Feb-2000 (last modified) seki SE1 (Stem element 1) found in the bean (P.v.) grp1...ecifically; See S000289, S000101 (SE2); SE1; grp1.8; vascular; stem; shoot; bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) ATAATGGGCCACACTGTGGGGCAT ...
Full Text Available SE2PVGRP1 S000101 17-May-1998 (last modified) kehi SE2 (stem element 2) of bean (P.v.) GRP1....8 gene; part of SE2 element; stem; SE2; GRP; GRP1; bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) TTNNNGTAGCTAGTGTATTTGTAT ...
Schrøder, Niels
relatively simple models can describe the processes that take place. New data are presented which provide a detailed description of the last 16,000 years of climate and sea level change influence on the forces that have formed the island. This geological history can be used to provide information on the...... history of groundwater recharge and drainage, and the development of the salt-fresh groundwater interface under a sand island. The fact that the center of Anholt was covered by the sea 6,000 years ago, and consequently the freshwater lens, over 100 m below sea level, did not exist means that the present...
Investigation of the Ho{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Cu{sub 2}Se-PbSe and Er{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Cu{sub 2}Se-PbSe systems at 870K
Gulay, L.D. [Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Volyn State University, Voli Aveune 13, 43009 Lutsk (Ukraine)]. E-mail: email@example.com; Olekseyuk, I.D. [Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Volyn State University, Voli Aveune 13, 43009 Lutsk (Ukraine); Wolcyrz, M. [W. Trzebiatowski Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna Str. 2, P.O. Box 1410, 50-950 Wroclaw (Poland); Stepien-Damm, J. [W. Trzebiatowski Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna Str. 2, P.O. Box 1410, 50-950 Wroclaw (Poland); Pietraszko, A. [W. Trzebiatowski Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna Str. 2, P.O. Box 1410, 50-950 Wroclaw (Poland)
The interactions between the components in the Ho{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Cu{sub 2}Se-PbSe and Er{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Cu{sub 2}Se-PbSe systems at 870K were determined using X-ray single crystal and powder diffraction. The existence of the compounds with compositions RCuSe{sub 2}-R{sub 2/3}Cu{sub 2}Se{sub 2}(Er{sub 2/3}Cu{sub 2}S{sub 2} structure type, space group P3-bar , a=0.40563(1)nm, c=0.64542(3)nm, R{sub I}=0.0737 for HoCuSe{sub 2} and a=0.40407(1)nm, c=0.64420(3)nm, R{sub I}=0.0660 for ErCuSe{sub 2}) and RCu{sub 5}Se{sub 4} (unknown structure) was confirmed in the R{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Cu{sub 2}Se (R=Ho, Er) sections. The existence of the compounds Ho{sub 6}Pb{sub 2}Se{sub 11} (Y{sub 6}Pb{sub 2}Se{sub 11} structure type, space group Cmcm, a=0.40561(2)nm, b=1.34018(6)nm, c=3.7525(1)nm) and Er{sub 2}PbSe{sub 4} (CaFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} structure type, space group Pnma, a=1.2554(2)nm, b=0.40778(5)nm, c=1.4885(2)nm, R{sub I}=0.0914) was confirmed in the R{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-PbSe (R=Ho, Er) sections. The existence of the compounds Ho{sub 3.33}CuPb{sub 1.5}Se{sub 7} (Lu{sub 3.33}CuPb{sub 1.5}Se{sub 7} structure type, space group Cm, a=1.35314(8)nm, b=0.40819(2)nm, c=1.25609(7)nm, {beta}=104.577(3){sup o}) and HoCuPbSe{sub 3} ({beta}-BaLaCuSe{sub 3} structure type, space group Pnma, a=1.0516(2)nm, b=0.40470(8)nm, c=1.3410(3)nm, R{sub 1}=0.0541) in the Ho{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Cu{sub 2}Se-PbSe system was confirmed. The formation of the compounds Er{sub 5}CuPb{sub 3}Se{sub 11} (Er{sub 5}CuPb{sub 3}Se{sub 11} structure type, space group Cmcm, a=0.40688(2)nm, b=1.34607(7)nm, c=3.8040(2)nm), Er{sub 3.33}CuPb{sub 1.5}Se{sub 7} (Lu{sub 3.33}CuPb{sub 1.5}Se{sub 7} structure type, space group Cm, a=1.35018(7)nm, b=0.40693(2)nm, c=1.25433(6)nm, {beta}=104.492(2){sup o}) and ErCuPbSe{sub 3} ({beta}-BaLaCuSe{sub 3} structure type, space group Pnma, a=1.04846(8)nm, b=0.40424(3)nm, c=1.34143(7)nm) in the Er{sub 2}Se{sub 3}-Cu{sub 2}Se-PbSe system was confirmed.
Benthic Mapping in Long Island Sound
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — QTCView is used with an incorporated depthfinder to create a sonar map of the bottom to the west of the Charles Island, in Long Island Sound in Connecticut waters....
Bartolome Island, Galapagos Stable Oxygen Calibration Data
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Galapagos Coral Stable Oxygen Calibration Data. Sites: Bartolome Island: 0 deg, 17'S, 90 deg 33' W. Champion Island: 1 deg, 15'S, 90 deg, 05' W. Urvina Bay (Isabela...
Champion Island, Galapagos Stable Oxygen Calibration Data
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Galapagos Coral Stable Oxygen Calibration Data. Sites: Bartolome Island: 0 deg, 17 min S, 90 deg 33 min W. Champion Island: 1 deg, 15 min S, 90 deg, 05 min W....
Bair Island Restoration Project Monitoring Plan 2004
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — Bair Island is located adjacent to the San Francisco Bay in Redwood City, San Mateo County, California (Figure 1). Historically, Bair Island was part of a large...
Submarine physiography off Lakshadweep Islands, Arabian Sea
Chauhan, O.S; Chaubey, A
Analysis of echosoundings, side scan sonar and shallow seismic data, supplementEd. by 152 sediment samples, collected along 150 km around Lakshadweep Islands, Arabian Sea, revealed that the islands have a very narrow shelf, and an abrupt, shelf...
STM imaging of electrically floating islands
Realpe, H.; Shamir, N.; Mintz, M. H.; Manassen, Y.
Appearances and disappearances of Gd islands grown on top of a W(1 1 0) substrate were observed in time scales of hours after exposing the surface to a few Langmuirs of hydrogen. The phenomenon is presented and explained in terms of (temporary) creation of electrically floating islands, due to electrical decoupling of the island and substrate by the hydrogen that diffuses into the island/substrate interface. The disappearance of such an island is explained by forming a double barrier junction consisting of two tunneling barriers in series, causing, by charging, the potential of the island to become equal to that of the tip. The island then becomes "invisible" and the tip follows the corrugation of the surface under the substrate. The reappearance follows hydrogen mobility that retains the electrical conductivity of the island-substrate interface.
Obesity and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders
... Population Profiles > Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander > Obesity Obesity and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders Native Hawaiians/Pacific ... youthonline . [Accessed 05/25/2016] HEALTH IMPACT OF OBESITY More than 80 percent of people with type ...
Late Quaternary climate change shapes island biodiversity
Weigelt, Patrick; Steinbauer, Manuel; Cabral, Juliano;
sea levels3, 4 and caused massive changes in island area, isolation and connectivity5, orders of magnitude faster than the geological processes of island formation, subsidence and erosion considered in island theory2, 6. Consequences of these oscillations for present biodiversity remain unassessed5, 7......Island biogeographical models consider islands either as geologically static with biodiversity resulting from ecologically neutral immigration–extinction dynamics1, or as geologically dynamic with biodiversity resulting from immigration–speciation–extinction dynamics influenced by changes in island...... diversity of endemic species. Specifically, the number and proportion of endemic species today is significantly higher on islands that were larger during the LGM. Native species richness, in turn, is mostly determined by present island characteristics. We conclude that an appreciation of Late Quaternary...
Energy Transition Initiative: Island Energy Snapshot - U.S. Virgin Islands (Fact Sheet)
This profile provides a snapshot of the energy landscape of the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI) - St. Thomas, St. John, and St. Croix. The Virgin Islands archipelago makes up the northern portion of the Lesser Antilles and the western island group of the Leeward Islands, forming the border between the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.
33 CFR 80.720 - St. Simons Island, GA to Amelia Island, FL.
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Simons Island, GA to Amelia Island, FL. 80.720 Section 80.720 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... Island, GA to Amelia Island, FL. (a) A line drawn from St. Simons Light to the northernmost tank...
Electrical and optical properties of indium-modified Se2Sb2Te6 films
The electrical and optical characteristics of indium-doped Se2Sb2Te6 phase-change alloy are studied in this paper. It is found that adding indium to Se2Sb2Te6 alloy increases its amorphous-crystalline transition temperature, TC, and reduces the electrical conduction activation energy. The capacitance-temperature measurements showed a drastic change in the capacitance of the modified film as the temperature approaches TC and eventually the capacitance becomes negative and nonlinear. The negativity and nonlinearity in the capacitance-voltage dependence can be attributed to the growth of conductive crystalline islands with increasing temperature.
Southern California Channel Islands Bibliography, through 1992
Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary
The Southern California Channel Islands Bibliography, through 1992, comprises 4035 references to the scientific literature on Southern California's Channel Islands. The Bibliography was compiled by the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary and is presented here in a February 1993 version. The Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History presents a California Channel Islands Bibliography on its website. It has more recent references and overlaps considerably with this bibliography. How...
Hydro climatic ranking of small Mediterranean islands
Ljubenkov, Igor
Islands are specific environments whose natural features form the basis of social and economic development. It is particularly distinct on small islands. In hydrological terms, these are islands with surface areas between 100 and 1000 km2. There are 40 small islands in the Mediterranean Basin. Most of these have very limited water resources, due to their geological structure and precipitation regime. This paper outlines the basic geographical and climatic features of small Mediterranean islan...
Food and nutrition security in Solomon Islands
Andersen, A B; Thilsted, S. H.; Schwarz, A.M.
This report is a literature review on Food and Nutrition Security in Solomon Islands, based on data from surveys conducted by Solomon Islands National Statistical Office, as well as from national and international organizations working in Solomon Islands. The purpose of the report is to present information outlining the current food and nutrition situation in Solomon Islands before implementation of the CGIAR Research Program on Aquatic Agricultural Systems (AAS), led by WorldFish. The aim of...
The geology of the Falkland Islands
Aldiss, D. T.; Edwards, E.J.
This report is complementary to the 1:250 000 scale geological map of the Falkland Islands compiled in 1998. The report and map are products of the Falkland Islands Geological Mapping Project (1996-1998). Geological observation and research in the Islands date from 1764. The Islands were visited during two pioneering scientific cruises in the 19th century. Subsequently, many scientists visited en route to the Antarctic or Patagonia. Geological affinities to other parts of the sout...
32 CFR 935.61 - Wake Island Court.
... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Wake Island Court. 935.61 Section 935.61... REGULATIONS WAKE ISLAND CODE Judiciary § 935.61 Wake Island Court. (a) The trial judicial authority for Wake Island is vested in the Wake Island Court. (b) The Wake Island Court consists of one or more...
Rotation and Locking of Magnetic Islands
The polarization drifts arising from the acceleration of plasma flowing alongside a magnetic island are shown to be destabilizing. A critical island width is found above which the polarization drifts (inertial forces) defeat the stabilizing effect of the viscous forces and prevent islands from being unlocked by increasing the plasma rotation. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society
Ecology of Great Salt Pond, Block Island
Great Salt Pond is an island of estuarine water on Block Island, which sits in the middle of the Northwest Atlantic Continental Shelf. When the last continental glaciers retreated, they left a high spot on a terminal moraine. The rising sea from melting glaciers formed two island...
... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Merritt Island. 9.68... Merritt Island. (a) Name. The name of the viticultural area described in this section is "Merritt Island." (b) Approved maps. The appropriate maps for determining the boundaries of the Merritt...
... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Rhode Island. 32.59 Section 32.59 Wildlife... § 32.59 Rhode Island. The following refuge units have been opened for hunting and/or fishing and are listed in alphabetical order with applicable refuge-specific regulations. Block Island National...
Ecology and Evolution: Islands of Change.
Benz, Richard
This book was designed for middle and junior high school science classes and focuses on island biogeography, ecology, and evolution. Sections include: (1) "Galapagos: Frame of Reference"; (2) "Ecology and Islands"; and (3) "Evolution." Nineteen standards-based activities use the Galapagos Islands as a running theme but are designed to help…
Stepping-stones to the Edge: Artistic Expressions of Islandness in an Ocean of Islands
Laurie Brinklow
Full Text Available Since the earliest of times, islands have captured the artistic imagination—and, often, for the artist who finds his or her muse in being 'islanded', the smaller the island the better. Archipelagos offer an ideal setting for artists who take their inspiration from place: on small islands off islands they can experience an intensity of island living they might not otherwise have on a main island: boundedness and connection, isolation and community. This paper examines expressions of islandness by artists who live on islands off islands that are poles apart—'archipelagos' of the Canadian North Atlantic and the Great Southern Ocean. It draws upon interviews with those artists and writers to consider the nature of humans' attachment and attraction to islands, exploring through the lens of phenomenology what Stratford et al. call the "entanglement between and among islands".
Gondwana break-up related magmatism in the Falkland Islands
Hole, M. J.; Ellam, R. M.; MacDonald, D. I. M.; Kelley, S. P.
Jurassic dykes (c. 182 Ma) are widespread across the Falkland Islands and exhibit considerable geochemical variability. Orthopyroxene-bearing NW–SE-oriented quartz-tholeiite dykes underwent fractional crystallization at >1 GPa, and major element constraints suggest that they were derived by melting of a pyroxenite-rich source. They have εNd182 in the range –6 to –11 and 87Sr/86Sr182 >0.710 and therefore require an old lithospheric component in their source. A suite of basaltic andesites and a...
Island formation and tectonic processes
Draper, G
Tectonic processes can form an island in one of two ways. 1. Those processes that cause a rise in water levels and flooding a pre-existing topography, known as tectonic flooding. 2. Those processes that cause uplift of the basin floor to form a topography that emerges above water level, called tectonic emergence.
1946 Unimak Island, USA Images
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — On April 1, 1946, at 12:29 [local time] a rather strong magnitude 7.4 earthquake occurred with source to the south of Unimak Island, causing one of the most...
@@ Qingdao,also spelled Tsingtao,iS one of the most beautiful and clean cities in China and with a population of around 2.5 million(7 million regional)is the largest city after Jinan(the capital)in Shandong Province.The name"Qingdao"means "The Green Island".
Extinction debt on oceanic islands
Triantis, K.A.; Borges, Paulo A. V.; Ladle, R.J.;
magnitude of such future extinction events has been hampered by potentially inaccurate assumptions about the slope of species-area relationships, which are habitat- and taxon-specific. We overcome this challenge by applying a method that uses the historical sequence of deforestation in the Azorean Islands...
46 CFR 7.70 - Folly Island, SC to Hilton Head Island, SC.
... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Folly Island, SC to Hilton Head Island, SC. 7.70 Section... BOUNDARY LINES Atlantic Coast § 7.70 Folly Island, SC to Hilton Head Island, SC. (a) A line drawn from the southernmost extremity of Folly Island to latitude 32°35′ N. longitude 79°58.2′ W. (Stono Inlet Lighted...
Modeling the distribution of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus on offshore islands in the Falkland Islands
Michael A. Tabak
Full Text Available Non-native rats (Rattus spp. threaten native island species worldwide. Efforts to eradicate them from islands have increased in frequency and become more ambitious in recent years. However, the long-term success of some eradication efforts has been compromised by the ability of rats, particularly Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus which are good swimmers, to recolonize islands following eradications. In the Falkland Islands, an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean, the distance of 250 m between islands (once suggested as the minimum separation distance for an effective barrier to recolonization has shown to be insufficient. Norway rats are present on about half of the 503 islands in the Falklands. Bird diversity is lower on islands with rats and two vulnerable passerine species, Troglodytes cobbi (the only endemic Falkland Islands passerine and Cinclodes antarcticus, have greatly reduced abundances and/or are absent on islands with rats. We used logistic regression models to investigate the potential factors that may determine the presence of Norway rats on 158 islands in the Falkland Islands. Our models included island area, distance to the nearest rat-infested island, island location, and the history of island use by humans as driving variables. Models best supported by data included only distance to the nearest potential source of rats and island area, but the relative magnitude of the effect of distance and area on the presence of rats varied depending on whether islands were in the eastern or western sector of the archipelago. The human use of an island was not a significant parameter in any models. A very large fraction (72% of islands within 500 m of the nearest potential rat source had rats, but 97% of islands farther than 1,000 m away from potential rat sources were free of rats.
Electrical and Optical Properties of Indium-Modified SeSbTe Thin Films for Low Power Memory Devices
The electrical and optical characteristics of indium doped Se2Sb2Te6 phase-change alloy are studied. It is found that adding indium to Se2Sb2Te6 alloy (In0.3Se2Sb2Te6) increased the crystallization temperature and reduced the electrical conduction activation energy. The capacitance-temperature measurements showed a drastic change in the capacitance of the modified film when the temperature approaches the crystallization temperature, and eventually the capacitance becomes negative and nonlinear. The negativity and nonlinearity in the capacitance voltage dependence can be attributed to the growth of conductive crystalline islands by increasing the temperature. (author)
Measurement of the static quadrupole moments of the first 2+ states in 76Se, 78Se, 80Se and 82Se
The reorientation effect in Coulomb excitation was employed to measure the static quadrupole moments of the first 2+ excited states in 76Se, 78Se, 80Se, and 82Se. Beams of 4He and 16O were used on thin highly enriched targets and the resulting spectra of the well resolved backward elastic and inelastic scattered particles were detected by four surface-barrier detectors. For constructive interference via the second 2+ excited states the determined quadrupole moments are: -0.34 +- 0.07 e . b for 76Se; -0.26 +- 0.09 e . b for 78Se; -0.31 +- 0.07 e . b for 80Se; -0.22 +- 0.07 e . b for 82Se. (Auth.)
Inverter Anti-Islanding with Advanced Grid Support in Single- and Multi-Inverter Islands
Hoke, Andy
As PV and other DER systems are connected to the grid at increased penetration levels, island detection may become more challenging for two reasons: 1. In islands containing many DERs, active inverter-based anti-islanding methods may have more difficulty detecting islands because each individual inverter's efforts to detect the island may be interfered with by the other inverters in the island. 2. The increasing numbers of DERs are leading to new requirements that DERs ride through grid disturbances and even actively try to regulate grid voltage and frequency back towards nominal operating conditions. These new grid support requirements may directly or indirectly interfere with anti-islanding controls. This report describes a series of tests designed to examine the impacts of both grid support functions and multi-inverter islands on anti-islanding effectiveness.
Time course of selenium labelling of selenoproteins in Se adequate and Se deficient rats
Column chromatography has identified a number of new selenoproteins. To discriminate between selenoproteins and Se-binding proteins, the authors used SDS-PAGE to remove loosely-bound 75Se and thus quantitate 75Se-labelled selenoproteins. +Se (Wayne Lab Blox) and -Se rats (75Se]selenite (0.5 ug Se) and sacrificed 1, 3, 24 or 72 hr later. 75Se-proteins in various tissues were separated according to subunit molecular weight by SDS-PAGE, and gel slices were counted to determine 75Se labelling. In +Se plasma, a 55kDa protein was the major 75Se-protein at 1 and 3 hr; gluathione peroxidase (GSH-Px, 20kDa subunit) was labelled at 24 and 72 hr. In -Se plasma the 55kDa 75Se-protein was 4-fold higher and GSH-Px 75Se was reduced. In +Se liver cytosol GSH-Px was the major 75Se- species at all times; GSH-Px 75Se was greater in +Se than -Se liver. In +Se and -Se testes, a 17kDa protein was labelled increasingly over 72 hr. Notably, a number of additional 75Se-proteins were observed, but cycloheximide pretreatment completely blocked 75Se-labelling of all selenoproteins in both +Se and -Se rats. This study shows that SDS-PAGE can be used to resolve and quantify a number of selenoproteins in addition to GSH-Px. The cycloheximide inhibition of labelling further suggests that these species are true selenoproteins that are labelled only during or immediately after protein synthesis
Index Balearicum (II): An Annotated check-list of the vascular plants described from the balearic islands. Additions (2002-2007) and corrections
Roselló Picornell, Josep Antoni; Sáez, Llorenç
Se presentan adiciones y correcciones al listado de plantas vasculares cuyo tipo nomenclatural es originario de las islas Baleares. Se propone una nueva combinación nomenclatural: Sonchus willkommii (Burnat & Barbey) comb. nov. Additions and corrections to the check-list of vascular plants described from the Balearic Islands are presented. A nomenclatural change is proposed: Sonchus willkommii (Burnat & Barbey) comb. nov.
Morphotectonics of the Mascarene Islands
A. E. Scheidegger
Full Text Available A study is made of the orientations (strikes/trends of joints, valleys, ridges and lineaments, i.e. of the (potentially morphotectonic features, of the Mascarene Islands (Reunion, Mauritius and Rodrigues in the Indian Ocean. It turns out that a connection exists between these features on all islands. For the joints alone, the results for Mauritius as a whole agree closely with those for Rodrigues as a whole, and also partially with those of Reunion. Inasmuch as the trends of the valleys, ridges and lineaments are related to the trends (strikes of the joints, a common morphotectonic predesign seems to be present for all features studied. The morphotectonic orientations on the island also agree closely with the trends of fracture zones, ridges and trenches in the nearby ocean bottom; which has had a bearing on the theories of the origin of the Mascarene Islands. Generally, a hot-spot origin is preferred for Reunion, and may be for Mauritius as well, although differing opinions have also been voiced. The dynamics of a hot-spot is hard to reconcile with the close fit of the joint strikes in Réunion with the trends of the Madagascar and Rodrigues fracture zones. The closely agreeing joint maxima in Mauritius and Rodrigues í across the deep Mauritius trench í also agree with the trend of that trench and with the trend of the Rodrigues fracture zone. Thus, it would appear as most likely that the trends of joints and of fracture zones are all part of the same pattern and are due to the same cause: viz. to action of the neotectonic stress field.
The Falkland Islands Morbidity Survey
King, H. O. M.; Bleaney, A. A.
A 12-month retrospective morbidity survey of the Falkland Islands in 1979 is described. A larger proportion of the population appear to have sought medical attention in this time than would be expected on the basis of comparable British figures. In general, cause-specific morbidity was similar in the two countries, although there were several discrepancies identified which may have been of environmental origin. The low prevalence of essential hypertension in males was particularly notable.
"Lo que se dice y se hace. Lo que se calla y se niega" : Apropiaciones de la literatura en el aula
Mattioli, María Luz
El presente trabajo surge a partir de una indagación personal que se va consolidando a medida que transito distintas aulas y experiencias. En todas estas situaciones se me presentan los mismos interrogantes: ¿cuáles son los distintos modos de leer literatura que se presentan en las aulas? ¿Cómo se presentan y en la voz de qué actores/alumnos? Y ¿cuáles son las distintas formas del conocimiento que se da en cada situación en particular?
Island development: Local governance under globalization
Huei-Min Tsai
Full Text Available Issues surrounding island development have generated a growing volume of research. What does it mean to develop? How can island communities maintain control over development processes to the benefit of the local economy, rather than seeing economic flows enter and exit the island with little or a primarily negative impact? And how important is local knowledge for edifying local governance and enhancing potentials for innovation in island development? Island histories have repeatedly been forwarded as exemplars and 'lessons' for global learning on (unsustainability. To consider these issues, we have selected a number of papers from among the presentations given at the International Geographical Union's Commission on Islands Conference, Island Development: Local Economy, Culture, Innovation and Sustainability, which took place in the Penghu Archipelago, Taiwan, 1–5 October 2013. These papers serve as examples of how the processes of globalization have penetrated the borders and changed the political and economic structures of islands. They also explore how island-based innovations in science, technology, culture, and formal or informal governance might contribute to sustainable island development.
Tsunami damage along the Andaman Islands coasts
Among the first places to be affected by the massive tidal wave that ripped across the Indian Ocean on December 26, 2004, were the Andaman Islands. Located approximately 850 kilometers north of the epicenter of the earthquake that triggered the tsunami, the islands were not only among the first land masses to be swept under the wave, they have also been rattled by a series of aftershocks. Administrated by the Indian government, about 300,000 people live on the remote island chain, including several indigenous tribes. As of January 3, over 6,000 were confirmed dead or missing in the Andaman Islands. This Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) image shows the Andaman Islands on January 3, 2005. Compared to previous images of the islands, the beaches along the west side of the islands have been stripped bare, leaving a strip of bright tan land along the coast. The change is most notable on North Sentinel Island, home of the Sentinelese aboriginals, and on Interview Island, where the formerly green coastline has been replaced with an abnormally bright ring of bare sand. The large image reveals additional damage along all the islands of the Andaman chain.
Pathogenicity island mobility and gene content.
Williams, Kelly Porter
Key goals towards national biosecurity include methods for analyzing pathogens, predicting their emergence, and developing countermeasures. These goals are served by studying bacterial genes that promote pathogenicity and the pathogenicity islands that mobilize them. Cyberinfrastructure promoting an island database advances this field and enables deeper bioinformatic analysis that may identify novel pathogenicity genes. New automated methods and rich visualizations were developed for identifying pathogenicity islands, based on the principle that islands occur sporadically among closely related strains. The chromosomally-ordered pan-genome organizes all genes from a clade of strains; gaps in this visualization indicate islands, and decorations of the gene matrix facilitate exploration of island gene functions. A %E2%80%9Clearned phyloblocks%E2%80%9D method was developed for automated island identification, that trains on the phylogenetic patterns of islands identified by other methods. Learned phyloblocks better defined termini of previously identified islands in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146, and found its only antibiotic resistance island.
Introduced mammals on Western Indian Ocean islands
James C. Russell
Full Text Available The diversity of introduced mammals and their introduction history varies greatly across the Western Indian Ocean (WIO islands, from ancient introductions in the past millennia on islands off the East coast of Africa where extant terrestrial native mammal communities exist, to very recent invasions in the past decades on islands in the Mascarene archipelago. We compile the distribution of 16 introduced mammal taxa on 28 island groups comprising almost 2000 islands. Through an exhaustive literature review and expert consultation process we recorded all mammal eradications, and species recoveries which could be attributed to introduced mammal eradication or control. All island groups have been invaded by mammals, and invasive cats and rats in particular are ubiquitous, but cultural contingency has also led to regional invasions by other mammals such as lemurs, civets and tenrecs. Mammal eradications have been attempted on 45 islands in the WIO, the majority in the Seychelles and Mauritius, and where successful have resulted in spectacular recovery of species and ecosystems. Invasive mammalian predator eradication or control in association with habitat management has led to improved conservation prospects for at least 24 species, and IUCN red-list down-listing of eight species, in the Mascarene Islands. Future island conservation prioritisation in the region will need to take account of global climate change and predicted sea-level rises and coastal inundation. Greater investment and prioritisation in island conservation in the region is warranted, given its high biodiversity values and the extent of invasions.
Generalized model of island biodiversity
Kessler, David A.; Shnerb, Nadav M.
The dynamics of a local community of competing species with weak immigration from a static regional pool is studied. Implementing the generalized competitive Lotka-Volterra model with demographic noise, a rich dynamics with four qualitatively distinct phases is unfolded. When the overall interspecies competition is weak, the island species recapitulate the mainland species. For higher values of the competition parameter, the system still admits an equilibrium community, but now some of the mainland species are absent on the island. Further increase in competition leads to an intermittent "disordered" phase, where the dynamics is controlled by invadable combinations of species and the turnover rate is governed by the migration. Finally, the strong competition phase is glasslike, dominated by uninvadable states and noise-induced transitions. Our model contains, as a special case, the celebrated neutral island theories of Wilson-MacArthur and Hubbell. Moreover, we show that slight deviations from perfect neutrality may lead to each of the phases, as the Hubbell point appears to be quadracritical.
Floating Cities, Islands and States
Bolonkin, Alexander
Many small countries are in need of additional territory. They build landfills and expensive artificial islands. The ocean covers 71 per cent of the Earth surface. Those countries (or persons of wealth) starting the early colonization of the ocean may obtain advantages through additional territory or creating their own independent state. An old idea is building a big ship. The best solution to this problem, however, is the provision of floating cities, islands, and states. The author idea is to use for floating cities, islands, and states a cheap floating platform created from a natural ice field taken from the Arctic or Antarctic oceans. These cheap platforms protected by air-film (bottom and sides) and a conventional insulating cover (top) and having a cooling system can exist for an unlimited time. They can be increased in number or size at any time, float in warm oceans, travel to different continents and countries, serve as artificial airports, harbors and other marine improvements, as well as floating c...
A global analysis of island pyrogeography
Trauernicht, C.; Murphy, B. P.
Islands have provided insight into the ecological role of fire worldwide through research on the positive feedbacks between fire and nonnative grasses, particularly in the Hawaiian Islands. However, the global extent and frequency of fire on islands as an ecological disturbance has received little attention, possibly because 'natural fires' on islands are typically limited to infrequent dry lightning strikes and isolated volcanic events. But because most contemporary fires on islands are anthropogenic, islands provide ideal systems with which to understand the linkages between socio-economic development, shifting fire regimes, and ecological change. Here we use the density of satellite-derived (MODIS) active fire detections for the years 2000-2014 and global data sets of vegetation, climate, population density, and road development to examine the drivers of fire activity on islands at the global scale, and compare these results to existing pyrogeographic models derived from continental data sets. We also use the Hawaiian Islands as a case study to understand the extent to which novel fire regimes can pervade island ecosystems. The global analysis indicates that fire is a frequent disturbance across islands worldwide, strongly affected by human activities, indicating people can more readily override climatic drivers than on continental land masses. The extent of fire activity derived from local records in the Hawaiian Islands reveals that our global analysis likely underestimates the prevalence of fire among island systems and that the combined effects of human activity and invasion by nonnative grasses can create conditions for frequent and relatively large-scale fires. Understanding the extent of these novel fire regimes, and mitigating their impacts, is critical to reducing the current and rapid degradation of native island ecosystems worldwide.
Dalen, E. N.; Kirkby, M. J.; Chapman, P. J.; Bracken, L. J.
We are working to improve a hydrological model for prediction of runoff in medium-scale semi-arid catchments in SE Spain. The aim is to develop and improve understandings of runoff generation in semi-arid areas and to improve modelling of runoff. Objectives are to investigate the influence of geology, landuse and seasonality on infiltration rates and use remonte sensing (RS) and GIS to classify an area into Hydrologically Similar Surfaces (HYSS) categories. The research includes investigating the impact of different landscape elements on runoff within two 150 km2 catchments, the Rambla Nogalte and the Rambla de Torrealvilla. Most storms within these catchments are of short duration. HYSS are defined as areas with similar1-D (vertical) partitioning of net rainfall between infiltration and overland flow. HYSS are identified from field measurements of soils, micro and macro- topography and infiltration rates; then combined with analysis of multi-spectral airborne RS images. HYSS are selected to minimise internal variability in the relationship between rainfall and local runoff generation and are scaled up to cover larger areas. The overall sampling strategy for measurements has been to undertake constant intensity rainfall simulator measurements within provisional HYSS categories, and to augment this with a large number of minidisk infiltrometer measurements. This strategy captures as much of the variability in the landscape as possible. The wide variability within even small areas has led to the final adoption of only a few large classes that can be effectively distinguished. The final part of the research is to link the spatial partitioning of the two catchments into HYSS with the detailed rainfall records for the areas, and combine these two sets of data into a grid-based model for runoff generation across the area. The applied Green-Ampt modelling approach gave 63 possible combinations of surface properties (9 HYSS) and areas in the Rambla Nogalte each represented
WATER TEMPERATURE and DEPTH collected from OSCAR ELTON SETTE in Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and others from 2015-05-08 to 2015-06-06 (NCEI Accession 0155929)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — XBT data were collected during a Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center's Cetacean Research Program's shipboard cetacean survey (Cruise ID SE 15-02). XBT casts...
WATER TEMPERATURE and DEPTH - SENSOR collected from OSCAR ELTON SETTE in main Hawaiian Islands and Hawaii EEZ from 2009-02-06 to 2009-02-25 (NCEI Accession 0155922)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — XBT data were collected during a Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center's Cetacean Research Program's shipboard cetacean survey (Cruise ID SE 09-01). XBT casts...
Holocene changes in climate and vegetation in the Ammassalik area, East Greenland, recorded in lake sediments and soil profiles
Jakobsen, Bjarne Holm; Fredskild, Bent; Pedersen, Jørn Bjarke Torp
, appears to have experienced the warmest Holocene summer conditions, ice-free seas and limited snow covers. The climate situation seems to have been to a considerable extent based on internal regional meteorological processes and largely without strong and regular cyclonic impacts from lower latitudes...
Control and Operation of Islanded Distribution System
Mahat, Pukar
operational challenges. But, on the other hand, it has also opened up some opportunities. One opportunity/challenge is an islanded operation of a distribution system with DG unit(s). Islanding is a situation in which a distribution system becomes electrically isolated from the remainder of the power system...... grid and if they are operated with isochronous control and voltage control when the distribution system is islanded. It is proposed that the DG units are controlled differently when the distribution system changes state from grid connected condition to islanded condition. However, isochronous...... is based on frequency deviation and real power shift. When a distribution system, with all its generators operating at maximum power, is islanded, the frequency will go down if the total load is more than the total generation. An under-frequency load shedding procedure for islanded distribution...
Backscatter 0.5m TIFF Mosaic of St. Croix (Buck Island), US Virgin Islands, 2004
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This image represents a 0.5 meter resolution backscatter mosaic of the north shore of Buck Island, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands. NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography...
Pine Island, Matlacha Pass, Island Bay, and Caloosahatchee National Wildlife Refuges: Comprehensive Conservation Plan
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP) was written to guide management on Pine Island, Matlacha Pass, Island Bay, and Caloosahatchee NWRs for the next 15 years....
Introduced arctic fox eradication at Rat Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, summer 1984
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — Mechanical means similar to those employed on Amata Island during the summer of 1983 were used to attempt eradication of fox on Rat Island. These labor intensive...
Narrative report Mackay Island National Wildlife Refuge and Fisherman Island National Wildlife Refuge: Calendar year 1971
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This narrative report for Mackay Island National Wildlife Refuge and Fisherman Island National Wildlife Refuge summarizes refuge activities for calendar year 1971....
Narrative Report Mackay Island National Wildlife Refuge and Fisherman Island National Wildlife Refuge: Calendar year 1970
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This narrative report for Mackay Island National Wildlife Refuge and Fisherman Island National Wildlife Refuge summarizes refuge activities for calendar year 1970....
Progress report on field studies in the Aleutian Islands, Semidi Islands and Bering Sea, 1983
US Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior — This report summarizes work in the Aleutian Islands, Semidi Islands, and Bering Sea in support of work unit 953.10. Distribution and abundance of birds as seas work...
CRED 20m Gridded bathymetry of Necker Islands, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, USA (NetCDF format)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Gridded bathymetry of the shelf and slope environments of Necker Island, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, Hawaii, USA. This netCDF includes multibeam bathymetry from...
Energy Transition Initiative, Island Energy Snapshot - British Virgin Islands (Fact Sheet)
This profile provides a snapshot of the energy landscape of the British Virgin Islands (BVI), one of three sets of the Virgin Island territories in an archipelago making up the northern portion of the Lesser Antilles.
Solomon Islands: Malaita Hub scoping report
Schwarz, A.M.; Andrew, N.; Govan, H.; Harohau, D.; Oeta, J.
The CGIAR Research Program (CRP) Aquatic Agricultural Systems (AAS) will target five countries, including Solomon Islands. The proposed hubs for Solomon Islands were to cover most provinces, referencing the Western, Central and Eastern regions. Scoping of the initial 'Central' hub was undertaken in Guadalcanal, Malaita and Central Islands provinces and this report details findings from all three. As scoping progressed however, it was agreed that, based on the AAS context and priority need...
The evolution of birdsong on islands
Morinay, Jennifer; Cardoso, Gonçalo C.; Doutrelant, Claire; Covas, Rita
Islands are simplified, isolated ecosystems, providing an ideal set-up to study evolution. Among several traits that are expected to change on islands, an interesting but poorly understood example concerns signals used in animal communication. Islands are typified by reduced species diversity, increased population density, and reduced mate competition, all of which could affect communication signals. We used birdsong to investigate whether there are systematic changes in communication signals...
Adakites from Solander Island, New Zealand
The subduction related, island arc Pleistocene volcano of Solander Island in Foveaux Strait is composed of adakite, a new rock type first described from Adak Island in the Aleutian arc. Adakites are formed by the partial fusion of young oceanic crust under eclogitic facies conditions. Comparison with other adakite localities suggests that the oceanic crust presently subducting at the nearby trench may be <25 Ma old. (author). 23 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs
Water resources of the Palau Islands
Van der Brug, Otto
The Palau Islands are a group of 350 islands, ranging in size from a few hundred square feet to the 153-square-mile island of Babelthuap. Babelthuap is the second largest island in the Western Pacific and comprises more than 80 percent of the total land area of the Palau Islands. Most of the islands are uninhabited limestone ridges covered with dense vegetation. These islands have no freshwater resources and are not included in this report. The island of Koror with an area of 3.6 square miles is the administrative, commercial, and population center of Palau and has an annual average rainfall of 148 inches. Short-term rainfall records at other locations in the islands indicate little variation in annual rainfall throughout the Palau Islands. Runoff-to-rainfall ratios for streams on Babelthuap show that about 70 percent of the rain falling on the island runs off to the ocean. The uniformity of rainfall and basin characteristics is shown by the excellent correlation between mean annual rainfall on Koror and streamflow on Babelthuap and by the close correlations between discharge at gaging stations and partial-record sites. Surface water quality is generally very good as shown by 55 chemical analyses of water from 18 sources. The dissolved solids concentration of water samples did not exceed 66 milligrams per liter. This report summarizes in one volume hydrologic data collection in a 14-year period of study and provides interpretations of the data than can be used by planners and public works officials as a basis for making decisions on the development and management of the islands ' water resources.
Seabird modulations of isotopic nitrogen on islands
Caut, Stéphane; Angulo, Elena; Pisanu, Beinot; Ruffino, Lise; Faulquier, Lucie; Lorvelec, Olivier; Chapuis, Jean-Louis; Pascal, Michel; Vidal, Éric; Courchamp, Franck
The transport of nutrients by migratory animals across ecosystem boundaries can significantly enrich recipient food webs, thereby shaping the ecosystems' structure and function. To illustrate the potential role of islands in enabling the transfer of matter across ecosystem boundaries to be gauged, we investigated the influence of seabirds on nitrogen input on islands. Basing our study on four widely differing islands in terms of their biogeography and ecological characteristics, sampled at di...
Solomon Islands; Tax Summary and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This Tax Summary and Statistical Appendix for the Solomon Islands outlines the summary of various taxes. Residents are taxed on their worldwide income. Nonresidents are taxed on income sourced from the Solomon Islands. Both resident and nonresident investors undertaking commercial, economic, industrial or professional activity in the Solomon Islands may apply to the Commissioner of Inland Revenue for an exemption from income tax. An excise duty is levied on plugs, twist, fig, stick, cake, and...
Summary Report: Asian Pacific Islander Workers Hearing
Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance; AFL-CIO; UCLA Labor Center
The first ever California State Assembly Hearing on Asian Pacific Islander Workers was convened by the Labor Employment Committee and the Asian Pacific Islander Legislative Caucus, at the request of Assembly member Judy Chu. The Hearing brought together Asian Pacific Islander workers and advocates from all over California. Their stories are a snapshot of millions of workers. The testimonies gave a glimpse of the detrimental impact that worker exploitation has on families and communities. Most...
Geology and petrology of Raiatea Island (Society islands, French Polynesia)
Raiatea Island is made up of an alkali basaltic shield volcano, the upper 1000 m of which were emplaced between 2.75 and 2.52 Ma with an average construction rate of ca. 4 mm/year. Trachytic lavas were then emplaced between 2.54 and 2.44 Ma, both as flows and plugs along N-S trending fractures. Their geochemical characteristics point to a fractionation-controlled derivation from the basaltic magmas. Our new age set is consistent with a Pacific plate motion of 11 cm/year with respect to a fixed Society plume. (authors)
Origin of pitchblende veins in the Union Island area, Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories
Pitchblende veins are sparsely distributed in an 8 x 1 km zone of northeast-trending, steeply dipping Aphebian sedimentary rocks deposited on Archean granitic basement and affected by complex faulting. They occur in brecciated dolomite of the Union Island Group on the east shore of Union Island, and along fractures subsidiary to a nearly vertical, northeast-trending fault between phyllites of this group and arkosic quartzite of the younger Sosan Group, which is exposed for a distance of 4 km on Opener Island to the east. The veins are close to the unconformity between the host rocks and the younger, gently dipping clastic redbeds of the Late Aphebian Et-Then Group, which most probably covered the mineralized zone at one time. A supergene origin for the veins is proposed on the basis of geological setting, mineralogy, presence of Ag, Se and V, isotopic dates on pitchblende, and lack of evidence for alternative magmatic or metamorphic hydrothermal sources
Modeling the distribution of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) on offshore islands in the Falkland Islands
Tabak,Michael; Poncet, Sally; Passfield,Ken; Martinez del Rio, Carlos
Non-native rats (Rattus spp.) threaten native island species worldwide. Efforts to eradicate them from islands have increased in frequency and become more ambitious in recent years. However, the long-term success of some eradication efforts has been compromised by the ability of rats, particularly Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) which are good swimmers, to recolonize islands following eradications. In the Falkland Islands, an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean, the distance of 250 m betw...
Molecular Evolutionary Consequences of Island Colonization
James, Jennifer E.; Lanfear, Robert; Eyre-Walker, Adam
Island endemics are expected to have low effective population sizes (Ne), first because some may experience population bottlenecks when they are founded, and second because they have restricted ranges. Therefore, we expect island species to have reduced genetic diversity, inefficient selection, and reduced adaptive potential compared with their mainland counterparts. We used both polymorphism and substitution data to address these predictions, improving on the approach of recent studies that only used substitution data. This allowed us to directly test the assumption that island species have small values of Ne. We found that island species had significantly less genetic diversity than mainland species; however, this pattern could be attributed to a subset of island species that appeared to have undergone a recent population bottleneck. When these species were excluded from the analysis, island and mainland species had similar levels of genetic diversity, despite island species occupying considerably smaller areas than their mainland counterparts. We also found no overall difference between island and mainland species in terms of the effectiveness of selection or the mutation rate. Our evidence suggests that island colonization has no lasting impact on molecular evolution. This surprising result highlights gaps in our knowledge of the relationship between census and effective population size. PMID:27358424
Escape from the island. Grammaticality and (reduced) acceptability of wh-island violations in Danish
Christensen, Ken Ramshøj; Kizach, Johannes; Nyvad, Anne Mette
-islands. We report results from two acceptability judgment experiments on long and short wh-movement and wh-extraction from wh-islands in Danish. The results revealed four main findings: (1) No adjunct/argument asymmetry in extraction from wh-islands. (2) Long adjunct wh-movement is less acceptable than long...
Solid waste management on small islands: the case of Green Island, Taiwan
Chen, M.C.; Ruijs, A.J.W.; Wesseler, J.H.H.
Municipalities of small islands have limited capacities for waste disposal. In the case of Green Island, Taiwan, continuing with business as usual would only allow the disposal of waste on the island for another 8 years. Three alternatives for solid waste management (SWM) are compared. The cost-effe
33 CFR 110.6 - Portland Harbor, Portland, Maine (between Little Diamond Island and Great Diamond Island).
... (between Little Diamond Island and Great Diamond Island). 110.6 Section 110.6 Navigation and Navigable... Areas § 110.6 Portland Harbor, Portland, Maine (between Little Diamond Island and Great Diamond Island). Beginning at the southeasterly corner of the wharf, at the most southerly point of Great Diamond Island...
A genetic comparison of West Greenland and Baffin Island (Canada walruses: Management implications
Liselotte Wesley Andersen
Full Text Available Until recently Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus have been subject to relatively intense exploitation in West Greenland. Animals in this stock have also been hunted in Nunavut/Canada. However, the demographic identity of these animals and their connection with walruses in neighbouring areas is poorly resolved, hampering the determination of sustainable harvest levels. It has been suggested that walruses in West Greenland are genetically linked with walruses at SE Baffin Island (Canada where they are also hunted for subsistence purposes. To determine the relationship(s between walruses in these areas we conducted a genetic analysis including recent samples from West Greenland, Southeast Baffin Island in western Davis Strait, Hudson Strait in Canada and Northwest Greenland in northern Baffin Bay. Seventeen microsatellite markers were applied to all samples. Walruses in West Greenland and at Southeast Baffin Island did not differ from each other and therefore may be regarded as belonging to the same stock. However, walruses in these two areas differed genetically from both Northwest Greenland and Hudson Strait walruses. These findings support (1 that there are subunits within the range of walruses in the Hudson Strait-Davis Strait-Baffin Bay region and (2 that walruses along E Baffin Island and W Greenland constitute a common population that receive some influx from Hudson Strait. Thus, sustainable catch levels in Southeast Baffin Island (Nunavut and in West Greenland must be set in light of the finding that they belong to the same stock, which is exploited in these two areas. This requires Canadian-Greenlandic co-management of the W Greenland-SE Baffin Island walrus stock.
In or On? Island Words, Island Worlds: II
Ronstrom Owe
Full Text Available The first part of the paper examines uses and meanings of the orientational metaphors 'in', 'on', 'out' and 'off'. In the discussed languages in North Western Europe there are general principles of metaphoric entailment and underlying image schemas that guide the choice of positional metaphor: islands you are normally 'on', and mainlands 'in'. The second part of the paper examines cases where this use is debated or contested. The author finds that these contestations seem to be fuelled by the different relations between subject and object that positional metaphors entail. Expressions with 'in' highlight belonging and collective identity, enlarge objects by conceptualizing them as encompassing containers, and reduce subjects to a part of the object. Expressions with 'on' highlight individuality and agency, reduce the object, and enlarge the subject by placing it above the object. Such differing entailments of positional metaphors may influence how islands are positioned and understood.
Li2Se as a Neutron Scintillator
We show that Li2Se:Te is a potential neutron scintillator material based on density functional calculations. Li2Se exhibits a number of properties favorable for efficient neutron detection, such as a high Li concentration for neutron absorption, a small effective atomic mass and a low density for reduced sensitivity to background gamma rays, and a small band gap for a high light yield. Our calculations show that Te doping should lead to the formation of deep acceptor complex VLi-TeSe, which can facilitate efficient light emission, similar to the emission activation in Te doped ZnSe
The Ag{sub 2}Se-HgSe-SiSe{sub 2} system in the 0-60 mol.% SiSe{sub 2} region
Parasyuk, O.V.; Gulay, L.D.; Romanyuk, Ya.E.; Olekseyuk, I.D
Phase equilibria in the quasiternary Ag{sub 2}Se-HgSe-SiSe{sub 2} system were investigated using X-ray phase analysis. Its isothermal section at 298 K was constructed. The formation of the quaternary Ag{sub 6}HgSiSe{sub 6} phase was confirmed. The existence of the homogeneity range for this compound at 23-43 mol.% of Hg{sub 4}SiSe{sub 6} (Ag{sub 6.16-4.56}Hg{sub 0.92-1.72}SiSe{sub 6}) was determined. The formation of three new intermediate phases Ag{sub {approx}}{sub 7.04-{approx}}{sub 6.32}Hg{sub {approx}}{sub 0.48-{approx}}{sub 0.84}Si= Se{sub 6} ({beta}), Ag{sub {approx}}{sub 3.44-{approx}}{sub 2.96}Hg{sub {approx}}{sub 2.28-{approx}}{sub 2.52}Si= Se{sub 6} ({delta}) and Ag{sub 2}Hg{sub 3}SiSe{sub 6} ({epsilon}) was found. All phases are localized along the Ag{sub 8}SiSe{sub 6}-Hg{sub 4}SiSe{sub 6} section. The crystal structures of the {beta}-phase (for the Ag{sub 6.4}Hg{sub 0.8}SiSe{sub 6} composition) and {delta}-phase (for the Ag{sub 3.2}Hg{sub 2.4}SiSe{sub 6} composition) were determined. Both phases crystallize with a cubic unit cell (space group F4-bar3m) with the lattice parameters a=1.08806(4) nm and a=1.07108(2) nm for the Ag{sub 6.4}Hg{sub 0.8}SiSe{sub 6} and Ag{sub 3.2}Hg{sub 2.4}SiSe{sub 6}, respectively. Atomic parameters for them were refined in the anisotropic approximation [R{sub I}=0.0830 (Ag{sub 6.4}Hg{sub 0.8}SiSe{sub 6}) and R{sub I}=0.0950 (Ag{sub 3.2}Hg{sub 2.4}SiSe{sub 6})]. The crystal structure of the {epsilon}-phase is under investigation. The phase diagram of the HgSe-SiSe{sub 2} system was constructed in the range 0-60 mol.% SiSe{sub 2}. It was established that the Hg{sub 4}SiSe{sub 6} compound melts congruently at 1044 K and forms eutectics at {approx}12 mol.% SiSe{sub 2} (1023 K) and {approx}52 mol.% SiSe{sub 2} (961 K)
Radioactivity of Rye Island waters
The sources are discussed of radioactive contamination of water and processes are indicated affecting the occurrence of radionuclides in ground water, mainly sorption and desorption of radionuclides in the soil and soil properties in radionuclide migration. An analysis is made of the current radioactivity of surface and ground waters of the Rye Island, a fertile agricultural area in southern Slovakia. The gross alpha and beta activities and the concentrations of 90Sr, 137Cs, Ra and U were determined in water samples. The values found are lower than the maximum permissible concentrations. The gross beta activity of samples has increased in the past ten years. (H.S.)
Repairs to the Island Falls 'A' Dam located on the Churchill River in northern Saskatchewan is described. The dam was built in 1928-1930. It had suffered extensive freeze thaw damage and some portions of the structure did not meet minimum safety standards. The paper emphasizes concrete repair methodology, the design and installation of high strength steel anchors for stability enhancement, increasing structural capacity, re-establishment of drainage and re-design of spillway operations. The extensive involvement with the local First Nations community, which was critical to the successful completion of the job is also discussed