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Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death [1]. It is characterised by rapidly developing life-threatening airway, breathing, or circulatory problems, usually associated with skin or mucosal changes [2]. The incidence of anaphylaxis is thought to be increasing [3, 4]. Given the rapid onset and relatively short duration of reactions, anaphylaxis is inherently difficult to study. Although this results in under-diagnosis, there has been significant international effort to characterise its epidemiology in recent years by standardising definitions [1], drawing together multiple measures to estimate incidence and prevalence [3] and providing a standard approach to assessment and treatment [5]. The incidence of anaphylaxis is relatively well characterised at around 10–20 per 100 000 population [6], but only around 3–4 per 100 000 [7] are hospitalised. Data from death certificates show that there are about 20 anaphylaxis deaths a year in the UK, although this is probably an underestimate [8]. There is, however, an important knowledge gap in relation to the disease burden posed by anaphylaxis on critical care units. Such data are important as these units provide care to the most severely affected patients. We report the first national study of anaphylaxis admissions to critical care units over a 5-year period.
Anaphylaxis admissions to UK critical care units between 2005 and 2009
You can respond to this article at http://www.anaesthesiacorrespondence.com
B. Gibbison
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening emergency that may necessitate admission to a critical care unit. There are no reports of the frequency of admission to critical care units for patients with anaphylaxis or indeed any description of their demographic characteristics or outcomes. We analysed all physician-diagnosed cases of anaphylaxis over a 5-year period in national audit data from critical care units across the UK. Over the period 2005–2009, there were 81 paediatric and 1269 adult admissions with anaphylaxis admitted to UK critical care units (0.1% of admissions to paediatric units and 0.3% of admissions to adult units). Absolute numbers in both children and adults rose year on year. There were comparable proportions of admissions in female and male children (female = 47% and male = 53%; rate ratios (RR) = 0.88, 95% CI 0.64–1.20), but a greater proportion of adult female admissions (female = 65% and male = 35%; RR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.68–1.99). Survival to unit discharge was 95% (77/81) for children, and survival to hospital discharge was 92% (1166/1269) for adults. Each UK critical care unit is likely to see at least one anaphylaxis case per year. The number of admissions has risen in both children and adults. Although admission ratios between the sexes were comparable in children, there was a female preponderance in adult life. Survival rates were high at over 90%.
There are three national audits of critical care units in the UK: the Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre's (ICNARC) Case Mix Programme (CMP) is the largest and between 2005 and 2009 covered admissions to 65–70% of the 230 adult general critical care units in England, Wales and Northern Ireland; the Scottish Intensive Care Society Audit Group (SICSAG) covers all critical care units in Scotland (24 units); and the Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network (PICANet) collects data from all NHS paediatric critical care units (33 units) from all areas of the UK. All three audits collect both mandatory and discretionary data fields for each patient, with approval from the National Information Governance Board for Health and Social Care (NIGB) to hold patient identifiable information without consent under Section 251 of the NHS Act 2006.
The ICNARC CMP is a national comparative audit of adult, general critical care units based in NHS hospitals spread geographically across England, Wales and Northern Ireland and co-ordinated by ICNARC. The CMP data are prospectively recorded and abstracted on to standard forms by trained data collectors according to precise definitions and rules. Abstraction is usually retrospective and based on chart review. Data are validated, first at a local and then at a national level for completeness, illogical data and inconsistencies. This process is repeated until all queries are dealt with. Data are then incorporated into the CMP. The ICNARC coding method is a five-tiered hierarchical method specifically designed for coding reasons for admission to critical care units. Admissions were identified as associated with anaphylaxis if they had 'anaphylaxis' coded as either the primary or secondary reason for admission to the critical care unit. Identification of cases was dependent on complete recording of the relevant condition as either the primary reason for admission (mandated for all admissions) or the secondary reason for admission (optional).
The SICSAG data are collected prospectively from critical care units comprising all general adult critical care units and held on a bespoke electronic database. Validation queries relating to patients' age, treatment, outcomes and discharge are checked with contributing units by local and regional audit coordinators. Intermittent extensive review of the historical databases is also undertaken with missing data input and consistent analytical methods applied. Cases were included if 'anaphylaxis' or 'anaphylactic shock' were entered in the diagnosis fields or reason for admission.
PICANet is one of the national clinical audits supported by the Health Quality Improvement Programme (HQIP) and provides a clinical audit of paediatric critical care unit activity. Although PICANet collects data from all areas of the UK and the Republic of Ireland, data from the Republic of Ireland were excluded from this analysis. PICANet uses a paper data collection form and bespoke data entry software. Validation visits to individual units are carried out by a PICANet research nurse to ensure that data are accurately transcribed from medical notes. PICANet software provided to the individual units allows real-time range and internal logical consistency checking and provides an on-screen summary of outstanding validation checks on the completion of a record. Clinical diagnoses and procedures are coded using Clinical Terms 3 (The Read Codes). Admissions were associated with anaphylaxis if they had the condition 'anaphylaxis' coded in either the primary or secondary reason for admission or they had the phrase 'anaphyl' in the notes section of the data collection form.
Data from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2009 were extracted from these national audit databases. These data were then analysed to establish the patterns of admission with anaphylaxis to critical care units in the UK. Length of stay was collected in days (PICANet and SICSAG) and hours (ICNARC) using the dates and times of admission and discharge. Hours were then converted to days. The source of admission and data on whether the patient required cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) before their admission to a critical care area were also collected. Survival data were extracted at discharge from the CMP unit and at ultimate discharge from an acute hospital (ICNARC and SICSAG) and survival at discharge from the paediatric critical care unit (PICANet).
Descriptive analyses were undertaken using stata v10.1 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA) and PASW Statistics v18 (IBM Ltd, Feltham, UK). Chi-squared tests were used to look at changes in admission rates over time. Rate ratios (RR) and 95% CI were calculated using the Newcombe-Wilson method without continuity correction to examine sex-related variations in both children and adults.
Adult and paediatric data from all geographical areas of the UK were included. Five cases from the adult datasets (four from ICNARC and one from SICSAG) were excluded in the under-15 age bracket to prevent any possibility of a case appearing in both the adult and paediatric datasets. The UK critical care system for children means that patients are often stabilised and treated in the (adult) critical care unit of their local district general hospital and then transferred to the specialist paediatric critical care unit. Therefore the same patient may appear on both paediatric and adult audits. In addition, one case was removed from the paediatric database, as although the diagnosis was coded as 'anaphylaxis', it was clear from the record that the actual cause of admission was malignant hyperthermia.
There were 77 392 admissions to 28 dedicated paediatric critical care units in the UK over the 5-year period and there were 460 213 adult admissions to approximately 175 critical care units (68% of all adult units). There were 81 paediatric admissions with anaphylaxis (0.1% of admissions, Table 1). Absolute numbers of admissions increased fourfold from six to 24 per year during this period (p = 0.087). There were 1269 adult admissions (0.3% of admissions to adult units) with anaphylaxis to UK critical care units during this time period (Table 1). Adult admissions also increased, with absolute numbers almost doubling over the 5-year period (p < 0.001).
|Total paediatric admissions
|14 062
|14 327
|15 608
|16 284
|17 111
|Paediatric admissions with anaphylaxis
|6 (0.04%)
|17 (0.1%)
|14 (0.1%)
|21 (0.1%)
|23 (0.1%)
|Total adult admissions
|84 115
|86 561
|93 567
|100 774
|95 196
|Adult admissions with anaphylaxis
|183 (0.2%)
|186 (0.2%)
|290 (0.3%)
|279 (0.3%)
|331 (0.3%)
The most common sources of referral are shown in Table 2. In children, during the 5-year period studied 47% (38 cases) were female and 53% (43 cases) were male (RR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.64–1.20). In adults, 65% (820) of admissions were female and 35% (449) of admissions were male (RR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.68–1.99). The numbers of admissions varied with age, peaking in the seventh decade of life (Fig. 1).
|Source of admission
|Children (n = 81)
|Adults (n = 1269)
|Emergency department
|34 (42.0%)
|474 (37.3%)
|Operating theatre
|26 (32.1%)
|482 (38.0%)
|12 (14.8%)
|291 (22.9%)
|9 (11.1%)
|21 (1.6%)
Nine children (11%) and 174 (13.7%) of adults required CPR before their admission to the critical care unit. The percentage of children surviving anaphylaxis at unit discharge was 95% (77/81), and the mean length of stay on the critical care unit for survivors was 2.4 days and for non-survivors was 2.7 days. In adults, 95.3% (1209/1269) of patients survived to leave the critical care unit, and 91.9% (1166/1269) survived to hospital discharge. The mean length of stay in survivors was 1.2 days, and in non-survivors was 2.1 days.
This is the first national overview of anaphylaxis admissions to critical care units, showing that each critical care unit is likely to manage at least one case of anaphylaxis each year. Key strengths of this work include the fact that all geographical areas of the UK were covered, and that data from ICNARC, SICSAG and PICANet are robust, validated and likely to be representative. A further important strength is that many critical care admissions will not have been included in previous studies, as these usually rely on hospital episode statistics (HES; a database of all NHS admissions in the UK), which record only the primary reason for hospital admission. Two thirds of critical care admissions come from within the hospital itself (excluding the emergency department) and it is likely that the primary reason for admission of these patients was not anaphylaxis. Our cases therefore include a high proportion of episodes of anaphylaxis that will not have been previously reported.
It is also important to consider potential limitations of this analysis. Whilst it is unlikely that these national audits have missed a large number of cases, it is not possible to verify if all cases of physician-diagnosed anaphylaxis were recorded in these audits. We did not include admissions to specialist stand-alone critical care units, such as for cardiac surgery or neurosurgery, although these represent only a small proportion of critical care beds in the UK. We have no information on the more than 30% of general critical care units in the UK not included in any of the audits. Finally, the diagnosis of anaphylaxis was based solely on physician-recorded diagnosis at discharge and we have no information on any investigations (such as serum mast cell tryptase levels) to confirm the diagnosis. All three audits were designed to provide epidemiological data on generic critical care activity in the UK and not specifically on anaphylaxis. There is, therefore, no way to track the trigger for each case.
Studying the epidemiology of anaphylaxis has, historically, been difficult. There has previously been no suitable ICD-10 definition and many studies are based on hospital admissions [9] (which do not include emergency department visits without admission), adrenaline auto-injector prescriptions [10] (which may under- or overestimate incidence), and case series [11]. There have also been attempts to study the community-based prevalence of anaphylaxis. There have been no previous attempts, as far as we are aware, to study critical care unit admissions for anaphylaxis [12].
This work has shown that anaphylaxis represents a relatively small burden of the total work of critical care units when compared with other diseases such as community-acquired pneumonia (5.9% of total adult workload) [13]. Nevertheless, it is still important; our figures suggest that each unit sees, on average, at least one case a year and absolute numbers are rising. At the same time, overall rates of hospital admission with anaphylaxis have increased sevenfold in the last two decades [7]. The 'step' increase in adult critical care admissions between 2006 and 2007 probably represents a natural fluctuation in admissions, as the number of units covered by the audits remained constant.
The variation in admission to critical care units with age is due, probably, to a number of factors: increasing rates of surgery with age; population decline in the older age brackets; and reduced physiological reserve and physicians' decisions about who should be offered critical care. The main source of admission to critical care units is the operating theatre; older patients are more likely to present for surgery. Drug-triggered reactions are more common in older people [14], in contrast to the predominantly food-triggered reactions in children. This may provide some explanation as to why adults are more likely to present with anaphylaxis from within the hospital. Operating theatres provide an environment where there is exposure to multiple triggering agents, particularly intravenous antibiotics and the neuromuscular blocking agents, which have a high risk of anaphylaxis [15]. These factors may tip the response towards anaphylaxis rather than other, less severe forms of allergy [16]. Indeed, over a quarter of previously reported UK deaths were related to either anaesthetics or antibiotics [7].
Our figures are also in keeping with the sex differences that have previously been reported in the general population in relation to anaphylaxis. In adults, females present more frequently with anaphylaxis [9, 12] whereas in children, the ratio is more evenly balanced [10]. One explanation is thought to be the effect of progesterone enhancing histamine release and sensitising end-organ tissues to inflammatory mediators [17, 18], although this has not been proved in vivo.
The fact that one in seven adults and one in nine children required CPR before admission justifies the inclusion of anaphylaxis in resuscitation guidelines [2], and its teaching on Advanced Life Support courses. We have no information on the cause of cardiac arrest in these cases, for example whether it was due to hypoxia or cardiovascular collapse. The proportion of patients surviving was high compared with other disease processes treated by the similar critical care units (pneumonia 50.6% [13], head injury 66.5% [19] and sepsis 55.3% [20]), with > 90% of both adults and children who arrived on the critical care unit with a diagnosis of anaphylaxis surviving to hospital discharge. This equates to around 20–30 people per year dying of anaphylaxis on critical care units in the UK. This is similar to the total annual number of anaphylaxis deaths reported by Pumphrey et al. based on an analysis of UK death certificates [8]. However, fewer than one third of the deaths in Pumphrey's series occurred 'late' (in other words, not at the time of the initial anaphylactic reaction), whereas all of the cases in our series occurred 'late'. This difference would imply that there are a significant number of under-reported anaphylaxis deaths in the UK. The greatest proportion of 'late' deaths in Pumphrey's series was seen in iatrogenic reactions, which is consistent with our data, where two thirds of the patients came from within the hospital and are, therefore, likely to have been iatrogenic.
In both children and adults, patients who survived had a shorter length of stay on the critical care unit than the patients who died. The high rate of survival weighted the mean overall length of stay in favour of survivors and was, therefore, relatively short. Adults who survived stayed approximately a day less on the critical care unit than the non-survivors. This was different in children, where the survivors not only stayed a day longer than adult survivors, but the non-survivors stayed only a fraction of a day longer than the survivors. The reasons for this are unclear, but are probably in part due to different organisational factors such as retrieval and admission and discharge factors, rather than the unwell-to-well time interval.
In conclusion, we have shown that anaphylaxis, although not a large component of the workload of critical care units, remains important as each unit is likely to see at least one case per year. The numbers of admissions did not vary significantly in children, but there was a variation in adults with absolute numbers rising year-on-year. Admissions are equally common between the sexes in early life, but there is a female preponderance in adult life. Survival was high and actual numbers of deaths are similar to the overall number of deaths from anaphylaxis per year reported from death certificates.
We are grateful to Dr AT Lovell (Consultant Cardiac Anaesthetist, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust) and Dr David Harrison (Senior Statistician, ICNARC) for their helpful advice and data retrieval.
Competing interests
Dr Sheikh is a member of the Anaphylaxis Working Group, Resuscitation Council (UK), a member of the World Allergy Organization's Anaphylaxis Special Committee, a Royal College of General Practitioners (UK) Clinical Champion in Allergy, and a consultant to ALK-Abello and Phadia. Dr Soar is Chair of the Anaphylaxis Working Group, Resuscitation Council (UK), and Chair of the Resuscitation Council (UK). No external funding declared.


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Made in the UK, Deflex Audio manufactures a small range of cost-effective isolation supports.
Manufactured in the UK from a special elastomeric polymer, each Polipod can take up to 1kg of load and is designed for use under CD players, tuners, phono stages, etc.
# Made in the UK # Support up to 25kg Each # Special Visco-Elastomer
Manufactured in the UK from a special elastomeric polymer, the Foculpods come in sets of 4 and are designed to support larger and heavier equipment than the Polipods.
# Made in the UK # Soft Rubber Feet # Slot over Existing Feet

subset: commoncrawl


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Snowman Cakes for Christmas
Kim's Snowman Cake
Jan and Kim and Snowman Cakes
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Home made mashmellow fondant and cake.
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I Can... Kinda... But Yeah.
I still can't do the number pad, though. Would be really helpful, actually. I'll get around to learning it sometime.
Not to fit a mold,Not to join a trend,Not to follow a crowd
I Can... Kinda... But Yeah.
Number pad sucks. All I do is keep guessing and deleting until I get it right. I'm just too lazy to look down.
Thanks Star Striker for the sig.
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I can't! As you all know.
I've only seen about one person touch type, and that's the Asian girl in my IT class.
Jack, what the heck were you doing with a computer so young? D:
I love you, Adam.
I can type fast, but I'm not that good at touch-typing. Oh, the shame!
I never add friend codes.
Originally Posted by AndThen?
At least someone actually admits it.Originally Posted by Napalmbrain
I love you, Adam.
^^Trulen bumps up his campaign for Unquestioned ruler of universe.Originally Posted by Trulen
I can but usually I don't.
Originally Posted by Frogger
I think my whole school can touch type. (Or at least close to my whole school) But, I live in a relatively rich town so we can afford all of those computers so that people can learn.
Thanks Star Striker for the sig.
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We had a keyboarding class in Junior High and have an optional one in High School...
I knew how before then, but it helped a lot.
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Everyone in your class except her can pickpocket.Originally Posted by Frogger


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Since the last revision in 1909 so many changes in opinions on diet and so many new facts have been added to the subject that a revision of this volume has been thought necessary. New tables are added and many of the chapters are entirely rewritten. A section on "Mechanism of Digestion" is also included. The chapter dealing with infant feeding contains practically all that is new and accepted on this subject. The value of the book as a handbook for the practitioner on a difficult subject needs no comment.
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Michael Schumacher is retiring from Formula One - again
This time the seven-time F1 champion says, ''it might be forever.''
Alternate: BLACK RIFLES MATTER more than ever before. If civil unrest like what took place in Charlotte NC happened in your community. Are you prepared to defend your family and home from vandals, rioters, looters, rapist, and arsonist. If Killary and the DIMWITocRATS get in power , your rights of self preservation and access to the tools you will need to stop these criminals will be at risk. Killary has said on the Campaign trail that she would like to see an Australian style CONFISCATION. This would leave Law Abiding Citizens at the mercy of Criminals because they will not turn in their guns. {{{(((" BECAUSE THEY ARE CRIMINALS ")))}}}


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Sean Rich is no longer appearing on Pawn Stars. Apparently the History Channel wanted Sean to sign an exclusive contact with them that would keep him from appearing elsewhere.
According to Sean, they didn't want to reimburse him very well for his time and expertise so he chose to step down. Rich says he does not blame his friends, the Harrisons, only the network and production company.
Rick often called Rich to determine the authenticity of antique firearms. Sean is considered to be an expert in antique gunsmithing, arms and armor. He also has his own business, Tortuga Trading Co.
Rich went on to filming Lords of War for the National Geographic Channel. The NatGeo series travels around the country searching for unique weapons and military collectables at auctions, and Rich and his team test, appraise, and auction off all kinds of memorabilia.
Rich's LinkedIn profile states that he's Tortuga Trading, Inc's current President/CEO.
Breaking News: 'Chumlee' of 'Pawn Stars' was arrested on weapon and gun charges.
The reality star was taken into custody when officers serving a search warrant in a sex-crime case investigation found illegal drugs and at least one gun at his southwest Las Vegas home. Get more scoop at FoxNews.com.


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Brittnee and Milton Hooks of Katy announce the birth of their son, Baydon Blayne Hooks.
He was born May 7, 2009. He weighed 7 pounds, 4 ounces and was 18 inches long.
Grandparents are Lesa and Jim Stark, Christine and Mike Jones, Peggy and Robert Isbell, Jim Rosner, Darlene and Danny Barnes, Judy and Robert Jones, Deborah Topper, Claude Hooks III, Cathy Derr, Judy and Leslie Derr and Christine and Claude Hooks Jr.
Amarillo Globe-News, July 5, 2009
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April 13, 2016 - Product News
Omnitracs has made vehicle location tracking available through the Sylectus Mobile On Demand feature of the Sylectus Mobile app for iOS and Android mobile devices.
Tags: Fleet Management Software, Sylectus, TMS, Omnitracs, Mobile Apps
June 4, 2015 - Industry News
Full Circle TMS announced that Sylectus founder Stuart Sutton will lead the transportation management software company as president and CEO.
Tags: Information Technology, Leadership, Sylectus, People, TMS
August 7, 2014 - Industry News
Omnitracs announced the fleet management software and telematics company's first joint user conference, called Omnitracs Outlook 2015.
Tags: Roadnet Technologies, Sylectus, Omnitracs, Events, Information Technology
March 24, 2014 - Industry News
TCA, GRAPEVINE, TX -- Data collected by transportation software management company Sylectus shows some interesting driver trends, the company announced during the Truckload Carriers Association Annual Convention Monday.
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Middle Earth Buttress All Trad climbing7 routes in crag
First time here?theCrag.com is a free guide for rock climbing areas all over the world, collaboratively edited by keen rock climbers, boulderers and other nice folks.You can log all your routes, connect and chat with other climbers and much more...» go exploring, » learn more or » ask us a question
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The climbs are described from left to right. At the left-hand end is 'Five Cracks Wall'.©
This small cliff lies south of the main areas (see map pg. 30 of ACT Granite or the topo for Booroomba Rocks). Approach up the gully from the practice slab, or by walking southwest from the top campsite over rock slabs to a granite dome. The cliff is across the gully from this.©
Ethic inherited from Booroomba Rocks
The ethic at Booroomba is generally staunchly traditional. Most climbing goes either entirely on gear or gear with bolts for those walls where there is insufficient gear to protect climbs. Climbs are occasionally rebolted, but retro-bolting would be considered vandalism of the lowest order.
Some content has been provided under license from: © Canberra Climbers' Association (CC BY-SA) © ANU Moutaineering Club (Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike)
Check out what is happening in Middle Earth Buttress.


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Hello, I need to bend a very thin pipe (a heat pipe), it's about 19mm diameter and 0.7 mm thick. The raduis of bending is 50 mm and a the inside of the pipe has a precise geometry that cannot be deformed : There are theet of 2mm high and 1mm wide all around the inside, with a 1mm gap between two consecutive theet. It's an aluminium alloy. The pipe has to keep continuous teeth for the capillarity and a constant gap between the teeth. We must be able to clean it up really good if you put smthg in it for bending, and we cannot put sand. Excuse my english. Thanks for any answer.
email@example.com says...
Cerrobend alloy, or water.
If water, freeze the water with liquid nitrogen before bending.
Do a test on a sample first, the expansion may crack the tubing at that size.
On 5 Dec 2005 08:24:42 -0800, with neither quill nor qualm, jim rozen
Jim, you're the first person I've ever heard who has ever suggested freezing metal (freezing the water freezes the metal) before bending it. Can you explain how this would work? Most things tend to get VERY brittle at freezing and sub-zero temps.
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Towards the end of the 'factory tour' here
there is reference to bending brass tubing after filling with either pitch or a frozen water/soap mix, to support the tube while it is being bent. Also some interesting pictures of metal spinning in progress
Don Valentine
quickly quoth:
As a low-temperature engineer, I have a) access to cryogens and b) the frequent need to fabricate intricate assemblies from small diameter, thin wall tubing. The tubing can be copper, phos bronze, stainless, or sometimes cupernickel alloy.
The easiest way is to use the tube like a soda straw, you dip it in water, and stick your finger over the end to trap the water by preventing air from coming back into the top of the tube. Then dip into LN2 until the water freezes.
Then bend (typically using gloves) to get the shape (bends, spirals, etc) desired. Keep the water solid by periodically re-dipping into the LN2.
Once the tube is warm, the water just blows right out. The only real problem is for real thin-walled stuff, the expansion can burst the wall of the tubing. Hence my caveat to him to try on a setup piece, first.
My worry is, for 2 cm dia tubing he may have trouble bending no matter what he fills with.
On 5 Dec 2005 12:52:08 -0800, with neither quill nor qualm, jim rozen
So cupric alloys do well at low temps, remaining elastic. Interesting.
"Just watch your dipping fingers", eh?
Could be. Thanks for the info, Jim.
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"jim rozen" wrote: (clip) freeze the water with liquid nitrogen (clip) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ This brings up a few questions: 1.) Where do you get liquid nitrogen? Especially, where do you get enough to submerge a length of tubing like this? 2.) What kind of container would you use? 3.) Why is liquid nitrogen better for this than, say, the freezing compartment of your fridge? 4.) Finally, as Larry wondered, what does low temperature do the ductility of aluminum?
Lichtman says...
It's a commercial cryogen, so it's available where I work at the end of nearly every building aisle.
For small pieces I use a large styrofoam coffee cup. Important to empty the coffee out first, and keep telling youself "don't drink, don't drink..."
For larger lengths a small nitrogen dewar is used. This is nothing more than a fiberglass or stainless thermos bottle, deep enought to submerge the tubing. Actually I had a tougher time finding a deep container for the *water* and finally had the glassblower at work make a deep glass beaker for me.
Aside from the fact that it allows the ice to be re-frozen during the bending rapidly, not much. It also allows one to freeze the water rapidly so it does not run out of the tube. Also I don't have a freezer of any size at work.
I certainly hope it doesn't embrittle much. The inner vessels of most of our research dewars are made of aluminum sheet, rolled and welded into cylinders. These are used to hold liquid helium for the most part.
Unlike polymers, the ductitility of most metals is not strongly dependent on temperature.
funny this came up tonight. earlier i was out in my (unheated) barn/workshop and was thinking about a post i put up a few months ago in reply to a thread about the steel of the titanic becoming brittle in the cold ocean water. at that time i said it always seemed to me to be b.s. that steel (or were they using wrought iron?) could become measurably more brittle with a difference of only 30 ~ 40 degrees Fahrenheit. (i don't know what the water temperature was at southampton (in april) when they left, or exactly what the water temp was when they hit the iceberg, but i was guessing something like 60 degrees and 28 degrees.) was wondering if there were any metallurgists on the list who could confirm it.
p.s. jim, that sounds like some fun stuff to play with. i thought they always said if you put liquid water into liquid nitrogen it would "blow up". (i'm not doubting you, just one more "myth")
(reminds me, recent story in the local paper, the aluminum extruders in the factory next to what used to be the schrade knife works in ellenville ny, Hydro Aluminum, they had an explosion recently, i think it blew down some walls and blew out some windows, said some rain water got into some kind of aluminum melting device, exploded. wow huh? (i remember months ago someone writing about a re-bar plant somewhere and how you could hear for MILES the explosions when/if some water/ice went into the molten metal vat. wow!)
http://www.recordonline.com / November 28, 2005 Chemical reaction caused explosion
Ellenville - A chemical reaction at the Hydro Aluminum of North America plant Saturday night caused an explosion that blew out wall panels and scattered dust over a 30,000 square foot building. "The local building inspector issued an order to close the building until a structural engineer could come in to evaluate the damage," Bob Newmyer, managing director of the remelt facility, said yesterday. Newmyer described the reaction as rain water that came into contact with the liquid aluminum in the melting furnace. The encounter caused the release of steam and a powerful burst of energy that popped out some wall panels. Napanoch and Ellenville fire departments responded to the scene just after 11 p.m. Saturday. There were no injuries and the release is not considered toxic. Workers at that part of the plant have been asked not to come in until the building inspector says it is safe to re-enter the building and clean up efforts are complete. About five people per shift were affected. "We'll be using regular cleaning crews � brooms and vacuums to get the dust off the machinery before we start it back up," Newmyer said. Wawarsing building inspector Robin Coleman said the department would have no comment on the incident until she'd reviewed the structural report. Deborah Medenbach
Yes, steel gets brittle at lower temperatures. IIRC it is below 30 or 40�C. Not all alloys react and some more and some less. And yes, just a little temperature difference makes a big difference in ductility.
Copper, brass, bronce, aluminium and austenitic steels don't get brittle at low temps.
Can't (quickly) find any diagrams for more details.
I've noticed you using this word several times in the past. I *think* that you mean "bronze", not "bronce", which I have never encountered.
Sorry about the spelling pointer, but overall you do so well in a second language that I had to point this one out since you keep using it. I certainly could not do as well in German as you do in English.
Enjoy, DoN.
Oh, sorry. So it is the same spelling like in German. I didn't look it up in the dictionary. OTOH, we sometimes write "bronce" (old spelling). And this looked more english to me. 8->
Nothing to beg my pardon. And thanks for the flowers! :-)
Googling "brittle to ductile transition" will turn up plenty. Here's one interesting link...
http://www.matsci.ucdavis.edu/MatSciLT/EMS - 174L/Files/DuctileBrittleTransition.pdf
The transition can be quite dramatic. I've been working on automation and tooling for forming tungsten and molybdenum, both of which have a well defined BDT within a few hundred degrees of room temperature. Moly wire that seems to break if you look at it sideways becomes pliable with the application of some hot air.
Ned Simmons
I grew up in Southampton, and trust me, if we ever got 60F in April (yes, I know you mean sea temperature), there would be dancing in the streets :-)
William Wixon wrote: [snip]
To be honest, that's exactly how we do it. But it takes too much time and precaution, to bend a pipe this way, especially when there's more than one to do (you have to let the ice liquify completely, or else you could have locally melted ice that would brake the pipe while refreezing), and we that a competitor bends his pipes at ambient temp already filled with ammonium at saturation ( 8 atmospheres!!), and that works(with a certain but acceptable lost of the efficiency)!! We don't know if it's their shape or an outside guidance of the pipe that prevents their heat pipe from breaking or stop working. So I thought of small rods at the same size of the gap, that would slide on the tube and be less deformed than the pipe (pipe 15% deformated, rods : 1.5%) and stay in the elastic zone, so they can be removed easilly after bending.
But then other problems : what would prevent the expension of the gaps? What kind of metal to use for the rods (elastic enough, but higher young module than alumnium)?
I guess that even with those fins, you can use a mandrel bender. Only making the mandrel would be a bit tricky (but still doable).
Advantage of the mandel bender: You just have left some oil in the tube after bending. Setup-time only once, and then every bend is just something of 1/2 a minute.
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UPDATE: All Worthy View accommodation has now sold out. Any returns / cancellations will go back on sale at glastonbury.seetickets.com, so if you missed out, it's worth keeping an eye out on there.
The traditional scout tent with a modern twist, these high-quality bespoke tents designed especially for Glastonbury Festival are custom-made in Yorkshire by BCT (makers of quality tents in the UK for over 100 years). Guaranteed to withstand the British elements, by combining the best of British steel framework with all-seasons fabric technology.
2 person pre-erected classic scout style tent £275 for 5 nights.
(2.75m x 2.7m x 1.8m tall. The sleeping compartment at its shortest is 2.3m x 1.9m. At its longest is 2.3m x 2.4m.)
4 person pre erected classic scout style tent. £540 for 5 nights.
4.6m x 3.3m x 1.9m tall. The sleeping compartment at its shortest is 2.8m x 2m. At its longest is 2.8m x 2.75m. The 4 person model includes a retractable partition screen to enable Festival goers to choose between sharing one large (2.8m x 2.75m) bedroom, or two double bedrooms (2m x 1.4m each, with maximum head room of 1.85m.)
6 – 8 person pre-erected large classic scout style tent with two large bedrooms. £850 for 5 nights.
The 6-8 person model includes a retractable partition screen to enable Festival goers to choose between sharing one large bedroom (4m x 2.5m), or two spaces (of 2m x 2.5m) which can each sleep up to 4 people. This tent is just over 2m tall in the centre; and features a utility area and porch canopy, to provide additional luggage and boot space.
8 person pre-erected large classic scout style tent, with 4 separate double bedrooms and a central utility area for boot and luggage storage. £975 for 5 nights
Podpads, Bunkpads and Bellepads
Please note in order to keep Worthy View prices to a minimum all of the Podpad/Bunkpad/Octopad options are offered as a basic version of Podpads normal range, so they do not include solar lights/power.
2 Person Basic Podpad (sleeps up to 2 people) £350 for 5 nights*
A small (2.4m x 1.8m x 1.57m tall) but perfectly formed lockable plywood structure. Weatherproof, with a solid carpeted floor and raised beds with inflated air mattresses, creating useful storage space underneath.
Bunkpad (sleeps up to 4) £675 for 5 nights*
A lockable plywood structure (2.4m x 3m x 2.1m tall), with solid floor and covering it comes with 2 sets of hand built bunk beds, having slatted bases and foam mattresses. Four keys will be supplied for each unit.
Octopad (sleeps up to 6) £990 for 5 nights*
A fabulous spacious structure (4m diameter) with solid floor and walls, lockable door and 9' high canvas roof fitted over tipi style poles. With 16' (5m) across the level floor area, the 'Octopad' comes with 4 hand built beds with mattresses and two air beds.
2 Person (3m) Bellepad £290 for 5 nights*
Brightly coloured stripy versions of the traditional strong canvas bell tents with heavy-duty waterproof groundsheet.
Traditional hand-crafted yurts, tipi and bell tents
A range of structures inspired by temporary dwellings from around the globe. Canvas bell tents, Mongolian style yurts, and simple tipi tents made in the UK. These unique and beautiful structures, all with in-built groundsheets, are offered unadorned, to keep prices to a minimum. Options available for 2 – 4 people.
2 person 9ft Yurt – £400 for 5 nights*
9ft diameter, 5ft 6″ height
2 Person Cloud House (10ft x 7ft) £350 for 5 nights*
4 person Tipi Tent – £560 for 5 nights*
14ft diameter, 10ft height
4 person 12ft Yurt – £695 for 5 nights*
12ft diameter, 6ft 8″ height
4 person Bell Tent – £560 for 5 nights*
14ft diameter, 8ft height
All prices are inclusive of VAT. Prices do not include Festival tickets.
* denotes tents with very limited availability


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The Wanderer is one of a group of poems in the Exeter Book of Old English poetry generally referred to as "elegies" (Klinck 1992, 11–12, 221–51). This is largely because they treat the subject of loss and alienation through the experiences, recollections and reflections of a persona. While all such categories are subject to modification, the "elegy" classification not only usefully captures characteristic features of the poems, but also shows how in the last fifty years the predominant view of the poems has changed from embracing the possibility that different speakers might be given voice within the same poem (Huppé 1943, Pope 1965, Bolton 1969), to a consensus that a single person speaks who may develop …
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Cavill, Paul. "The Wanderer". The Literary Encyclopedia. First published 04 November 2009
[http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=24335, accessed 29 September 2016.]


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Watch Metallica's First-Ever Complete Live Performance of 'The Frayed Ends of Sanity'
The list of songs Metallica has never performed in concert no longer includes 'The Frayed Ends of Sanity,' which made its long-overdue live debut on May 28.
The list of songs Metallica has never performed in concert no longer includes 'The Frayed Ends of Sanity,' which made its long-overdue live debut on May 28.
Metallica frontman James Hetfield has a number of hobbies and pastimes, one of which is hunting. Hetfield has experience in bear hunting, which is the subject of the upcoming History series 'The Hunt,' and he'll be the narrator for the eight episode series that premieres Sunday, June 8 at 10PM ET.
For the second year in a row, the San Francisco Giants honored their hometown heroes with a "Metallica Night."
This past Monday (May 11) was the 10th annual MusiCares MAP Fund benefit, where Ozzy Osbourne was honored by Metallica, Slash and more. In addition to covering the once-in-a-lifetime show, Loudwire was on the red carpet of the event and we were able to speak with Metallica's Kirk Hammett for a very brief interview. Check out his thoughts on Ozzy, musical inspirations and the next Metallica album below:
Kirk Hammett says that Metallica hope to have their next album finihsed by September.
Metallica have covered their fair share of songs over the years, but guitarist Kirk Hammett is taking on a track that most fans would never expect. The rocker is set to cover 'Daisy Bell (Bicycle Built for Two)' for a new compilation.
Metallica drummer Lars Ulrich as a pitchman? It's true. While Ulrich and Metallica have been very careful with what they put their stamp on over the years, the drummer has signed on to promote a pair of Danish beers.
Robert Trujillo is producing a documentary about the brilliant and influential jazz bassist.
He was born in Denmark and grew up with a tennis background, but Metallica's Lars Ulrich made a baseball reference when talking about the progress of a new studio album. In an interview with Rolling Stone, Ulrich says, "Right now, we're in the fourth inning."
Former Metallica bassist Jason Newsted reveals he was almost caught empty handed at an important show.
Music is a passion for the members of Metallica, but it's not their only passion. Guitarist Kirk Hammett and bassist Rob Trujillo have also found enjoyment riding waves, and their love of surfing has led them to being named the keynote speakers at the upcoming Surf Summit 17.
Metallica have their share of naysayers, but after hearing the band's new Ronnie James Dio tribute medley, 'Ronnie Rising,' we have a feeling the lips of those naysayers will be sewn shut. The nine-minute song is masterfully put together, combining the iconic tracks 'A Light in the Black,' 'Tarot Woman,' 'Stargazer' and 'Kill the King.'


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Hey Chopper Cup Champion Wannabees!
2012/13/14/15 brought lots of new excitement to the North American Pond Hockey Championships. With new ownership and our pledge to Bigsy and Pond Hockey Fanatics everywhere to bring a great exciting weekend of ice action to Excelsior Bay on Lake Minnetonka – well, lets just say, we may have over achieved in 2014! It was awesome, and it was because of all of our Players and Sponsors!
We look forward to watching you compete, smile and enjoy the Game as it was meant to be played! The way 'Bigs' liked to play it…in the elements
Let's Play Hockey,
J Lindsay, Steve Youngstedt and Justin Pagel
Tournament Owners


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PORTALES, N.M. (AP) - First-time freshman enrollment at Eastern New Mexico University for the 2001-02 school year shows a 4.75 percent increase over a year ago, preliminary figures show.
Total enrollment stands at 3,544 students, a 1.84 percent increase over last year's 3,480, the university said. Freshman enrollment is 573 students.
These numbers will fluctuate until Sept. 14, the final day for enrollment.
The enrollment increase has been a gradual one for the past three years, after a couple years that saw ENMU's enrollment drop.
"Since '97 we've had small, but pretty steady increases," said Patrice Caldwell, ENMU's executive director of planning and analysis. "That's a pretty good trend."
Caldwell said there were several factors that have contributed to the increase: improvements in housing and food service, improved admission standards, and hard work by the admissions department to recruit new students.
Quay commissioner picked to fill magistrate position
TUCUMCARI, N.M. (AP) - A Quay County commissioner has been appointed magistrate by Gov. Gary Johnson to fill the remaining year left created by Judge J. Bronson Moore's retirement.
Edwin Bruhn, a Republican, leaves a vacancy on the three-member commission.
"I enjoyed the county commission," Bruhn said.
However, he said he would enjoy the challenge of a new job.
To remain on the bench, Bruhn must win election in November 2002.
Potter County denies bond for Hale County escapee
Bond was denied Tuesday for Gary Frank Drinkard Jr., who turned himself in to Potter County a day after a Saturday escape from Hale County Jail in Plainview.
Bond was denied by Potter County Justice of the Peace Nancy Bosquez, a spokeswoman at Potter County Detention Center said. She said Drinkard will be taken back to Plainview.
After Drinkard turned himself in, he was taken to the Detention Center on an escape warrant issued Saturday after the escape.
Drinkard's wife, Amanda Michelle Drinkard, remained at Potter County Detention Center Tuesday on a charge of unauthorized use of a motor vehicle. She had not been arraigned.
Amanda Drinkard was arrested Saturday night in a stolen vehicle out of Plainview and taken to Potter County Detention Center. Police said apparently it was the truck Gary Frank Drinkard Jr. took from Hale County.
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THE LIST OF things the Carolina Panthers weren't prepared to do in last Sunday's opener - along with taking care of that slippery ball, and tackling DeSean Jackson - included figuring out the game of "Where's Waldo?" that new Eagles defensive coordinator Sean McDermott was playing with Trent Cole.
"You game plan and you scheme to the strengths of your tools, of your players," said McDermott, who knows he will have to do some things differently this week against the deadly three-step drops of Drew Brees and his New Orleans Saints. "People try and find him and isolate on him. I don't want teams to be able to pick their spots and know where Trent was going to be."


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Created in this Craftsy class
Stupendous Stitching: Adventures in Surface Design taught by Carol Ann Waugh
Set your sewing machine and imagination free in this fun exploration of embroidery designs, decorative sewing machine stitches, couching and binding.
Other projects made as part of this class:
QuiltingKatahdin Sheep
QuiltingPink project
QuiltingSea Shells Seaside
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this is lovely :)
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How did I ever miss this before? Just fantastic!
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Top Definition
The female version of a tea bag. When a female puts her junk in someones face.
Get up off the ground before she snap shots you!
di sea doggie 30 settembre 2010
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Can you define these popular missing words?
yo shorty can eat on a snapshot
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Reload the page and try again.
Overall Experience:
The professors are wonder at helping a student in need and the classes are filled with a diverse group so discussion about anything is encouraged. The diversity then opens up an option for multiple classes that are differently diverse just like the students.
Overall Experience:
The school is very involved in helping the student who show an interest locate an internship. I personally do not have one due to my field but my best friend was placed on the department of highways and loves every second of the experience.
Health & Safety:
The way the campus is set up there is a alarm every so many feet and if you feel threatened then you hit the button. Once the button has been push the campus security is notified and if they do no respond with one minute the local authorities located one mile away will be on the way.
Greek Life:
The Greeks that are on campus are only academic honor greeks.
There recently was a pool and weight room renovation that has brought in a lot of students to become more active.
Overall Experience:
Bluefield State is a commuter campus with a historically black background. Though the first semester was intense I was able to blossom out. Once the second semester began I felt more confident in myself and made much higher grades. Starting my second year I am going in with a confident attitude that I have learned from my professors. I will achieve great success at Bluefield State, the tuition is a great cost and the best economic decision for my position
Overall Experience:
My experience at Bluefield State College has been better that I could've ever expected. If they had a graduate program, I know I would apply because I like the school so much I would make myself enjoy that field.
Overall Experience:
My college is very welcoming, the only thing is there aren't any dorms on campus and it takes away from the college experience.
The students and professors are focused on getting good grades.
Work to get into the programs is average. Work once you get into said programs is slightly stressful. Work load in an English degree is extremely stressful.
All I had to do was request my major change and it was done.
Overall Experience:
The professors are personable and the students are friendly.
Overall Experience:
It's a nice school I just wish there was more to do here. It's so boring.
Overall Experience:
There are no recruiters that I can think of. There is a department to help students find a job but I'm not sure how effective it is.
Local Area:
The people are either really nice or hateful there isn't really an in between of their attitudes.
Everyone is very different and nobody judges them on it.
Health & Safety:
There are several horror stories floating around campus about girls getting raped walking back and forth from classes in between buildings by themselves. I'm scared to walk by myself on campus being a female.
Party Scene:
I'm clueless on this one. I never ever party so I have no idea about the party scene.
Campus Food:
Nothing too fancy at the cafeteria. I've never really seen anyone eat there. The cafeteria is closed on Fridays.
Guys & Girls:
People here are very nice and accepting. I've made multiple new friends and the number keeps multiplying. Everyone is very nice and open with each other.
Campus Quality:
The campus is very spread out which makes getting back and forth to campuses very hard, especially if you suffer from asthma as I do. The trek from the main science building to Dickinson hall involves either driving or walking through a kind of sketchy tunnel. Campus is on a hill so it involves lots of uphill walking. The campus is very clean and taken care of.
Off-Campus Housing:
I live off campus but I live with my family so I'm not very sure. I hear apartments and trailers are very affordable and available around here.
I've changed my major once in the two semesters I've been here and so far I've been helped and completely filled in on my major. I've been instructed on the classes I need to take and I've met my adviser in a sit down meeting. I'm quite happy with my major and the major opportunities are extensive.
Greek Life:
I'm not even sure if we have a Greek life honestly. I think we might have a frat but I don't think it's anything exciting to be honest.
I've never been an athlete and I've never really been interested in sports. The gym, basketball court, tennis court, and baseball field seem to be nice facilities.
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Veterinary Support
Technician SupervisorJennifer Murphy
School: Cumberland University, BS
Jennifer graduated from Mt. Juliet High School in 2001 and then attended Cumberland University where she graduated in 2007. She started working at Animal Care Center in January 2008 and in January 2016 became our Technician Supervisor. Her current animal companions include a Beagle, Zoe and a Chesapeake Bay Retriever, Gauge. Outside of work, she enjoys hunting, fishing, kayaking, golfing, 4 wheeling , and playing with her pups.
Jennifer has always loved animals and that's why she thinks this is the perfect job for her.
TechnicianMarissa Vittands
Veterinary Tech School: Macomb Community College
Marissa joined our team in December 2015 after relocating to the area from Michigan. She graduated from Macomb Community College with her degree in Veterinary Technology and is currently in the process of obtaining her license in Tennessee. In her spare time Marissa enjoys singing, exploring Nashville, hanging out with her friends and spending time with her pups!
Veterinary AssistantKrissy Hall
Kristyn graduated from Lebanon High School in 2008 and joined our team in 2010. Her experience previous to this job included being in the customer service field and sandwich artist at Subway. Krissy is a veterinary assistant and also our inventory manager. While at work she loves cleaning teeth and helping the doctors in surgery. Her current animal companion is Nugget, whom she rescued 3 years ago from VCA. Her favorite dog/cat breed are Pitbulls, Chihuahuas, and the Ashera Cat. Her interests outside of work include going to music festivals, being outdoors, kayaking, canoeing, fishing, and slacklining. Most of all she enjoy spending time with family and friends. Kristyn likes working at VCA Animal Care Center because she enjoys working with animals while having the opportunity to provide excellent customer service.
Krissy enjoys working in the animal industry because she is passionate about helping animals.
Veterinary AssistantMary Short
Veterinary Tech School: Volunteer State Community College
Mary graduated from Volunteer State Community College with her degree in Veterinary Technology in the fall of 2014. She will take her boards in 2016 in order to become a licensed veterinary technician. When Mary isn't working, she enjoys spending time with her son Gauge, her boyfriend, and her husky.


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These proposed rule changes are open for public comment. Please send your written comments to the ODOT Rules Coordinator.
There are no proposed Highway Division rules at this time.
These proposals are no longer open for public comment. The Oregon Transportation Commission will consider approval of these proposed changes at its next meeting.
There are no recently closed Highway Division rules at this time.
These rule changes were adopted approximately within the last six months.
Rest Area Sponsorship Acknowledgement Sign Program
These rules outline the program for Sponsorship Acknowledgement and Agreements within the Highway Right of Way and will provide citizens of Oregon an opportunity to contribute support for the development or ongoing operation and maintenance of Department of Transportation rest areas. Sponsorships will be solicited using a competitive process such as a request for proposal with the successful entity selected based on a net benefit for the public. Under these rules, an acknowledgement sign may be offered in exchange for the sponsor's contribution.
Final Rule Text Filing Certificate
Rules adopted: 734-031-0001 to 734-031-0030Filed and effective: June 21, 2016
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Dr. Michael Hammer specializes in child neurology in Vernon Hills, Illinois.
Dr. Michael Hammer has been compared 1029 times. Details of Dr. Hammer's experience as an MD, his 2 hospital affiliations and education at Saint Louis University are available on your free doctor report.
Primary Location for Dr. Hammer
701 Woodlands Pkwy
Vernon Hills, IL 60061
Patient Ratings and Reviews
Dr. Michael Hammer has an average rating of 4 stars (out of 5) with a rating of Very Good based on 15 reviews.
Have you visited Dr. Michael Hammer? Rate you experience below.
Board Certification, Specialty and Expertise
Dr. Michael Hammer has been identified as specializing in Child Neurology.
Accepted Insurance
Insurance plans and networks accepted by a doctor are not necessarily universal across all locations at which the doctor practices. This can be affected by many factors such as different group practices, hospital affiliations and working arrangements at those locations. Checking that the doctor you are visiting and the facility they are at are in-network providers for your insurance plan can save you money and headaches later from surprise medical bills.
Dr. Michael Hammer accepts the following plans at 701 Woodlands Pkwy, Vernon Hills, IL
- Coventry Health Care
- Multiplan
- First Health
Hospital Affiliation
A hospital affiliation covers any doctor who has an affiliation, association or admitting privilege with a hospital. A doctor's particular affiliation to a specific hospital can translate to the overall quality of that provider.
Dr. Hammer is affiliated with 2 hospitals:
801 S Milwaukee Ave
Libertyville, Illinois
Dr. Hammer attended medical school at Saint Louis University School of Medicine .
While there is no proven correlation between the quality of one's educational institution and the quality of one's professional competence, it is often an indicator. Medical schools have various levels of selectivity (some are harder to get into than others), and both the quality of their clinical training and level of research are measured. Additional medical training in both residency and fellowships and the facilities they are conducted at also provide a history of the doctors' level of training and experience.
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The astounding tribute show taking the world by storm! A fun and heart-felt concert dedicated to the incomparable Whitney Houston. The Greatest Love Of All: The Whitney Houston Show celebrates the magnificent catalogue of hits that Houston made famous during her 30 year career, including I Wanna Dance With Somebody, Where Do Broken Hearts Go, Im Every Woman, I Will Always Love You and many more.
Starring the breathtaking voice of Belinda Davids live in concert and direct from sell out shows across Europe, plus a full band, dancers and theatrical effects, this show is not just a brilliant tribute but a spectacular concert experience in its own right and should not be missed!


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|» Tapmatic Corp.
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Victor Conte on Rios' Test: Alex Ariza Should Be Fired
By Ryan Maquiñana
The fallout from welterweight Brandon Rios' positive drug test for the stimulant DMAA following his unanimous decision loss to Manny Pacquiao on Nov. 23 continues to ripple through the ranks, and now members of the boxing world have begun to offer their takes on the matter.
Nutritionist Victor Conte, who admittedly has an adverse relationship with Rios' strength and conditioning coach, Alex Ariza, took aim at Ariza's methods in a Friday conversation with BoxingScene.com.
"How could you not know about DMAA if you're involved in protecting your fighter from having a positive test or consuming something that will cause a positive test?" Conte asked. "Whose job was that? I would assume it would be Alex Ariza. He did a bad job. My opinion? He should be fired."
Conte, who has been part of the camps of several fighters who have submitted to drug testing administered by the Voluntary Anti-Doping Association (VADA), outlined the process that occurs before one enters the random testing program. Both Rios and Pacquiao were tested by VADA during the buildup to the fight.
"When you fill out the enrollment form with VADA, they ask you to list every single nutritional supplement and medication you take," Conte said. "Then they run your list through the database.
"And if there's anything that's banned or prohibited, they come back and they tell you, and within two days of the time you enroll, you're notified that you should not be taking this, because it's on the list."
According to VADA chief Dr. Margaret Goodman, while Pacquiao passed all five drug tests, Rios only passed four out of his five tests. The failed test was from a urine sample taken on fight night. Conte explained why he believes Rios' final test came up positive.
"What they test for out of competition is not what they test for in competition," Conte said. "They don't test for stimulants out of competition. On fight night, when they collect the sample, they include the stimulants.
"So then on fight night, because it's a nervous system stimulant -- it helps you perform in the ring -- it doesn't help you train. You don't want to use it for training, so they don't even test for it. "
Conte made a parallel between VADA testing and the Olympic testing undergone by track and field superstars like sprinter Usain Bolt.
"In other words, the week before the Olympic Games, Usain Bolt's tests would not test for stimulants," Conte said. "The day he runs the 100 meters and wins the gold medal, they test for stimulants."
Conte opined that Ariza and nutritionist Teri Tom should be held most accountable for Rios' setback under the needle.
"My deduction is the following: This (DMAA) was not on the list that was provided to VADA, so it was not disclosed. Why was it not disclosed? Five Jamaican athletes were busted for this 18 months ago … It was in many, many papers.
"So, if that's your job, the job of Alex Ariza, to be on top of what you can and can't use, and you saw Brandon with Teri Tom, (saying): 'We're holding up the bottles and we're taking all the supplements, and we've got the best experts and we're looking at all this.' Well, guess what? You (expletive) up big time."
Conte also downplayed the possibility of Rios taking the illegal substance without clearing it with his team.
"Now did (Brandon) sneak around and go out and take something on his own?" Conte asked. "Not very likely. Somebody is stupid. Is it Alex, or is it Teri Tom?
"If somebody did it behind (Ariza's) back, hey, maybe he didn't know, it's possible. I can only say that I think it's likely that the blame belongs to Alex Ariza in conjunction with Teri Tom."
David Greisman procured Ariza and Rios' trainer Robert Garcia's reaction to Rios' test: http://www.boxingscene.com/ariza-garcia-respond-brandon-rios-positive-test--72718
Luis Sandoval's video interview with Ariza, who commented on the matter: http://www.boxingscene.com/video-ariza-discusses-brandon-rios-testing-positive--72722
Chris Robinson spoke to Golden Boy CEO Richard Schaefer, who felt Ariza should not bear the brunt of the blame: http://www.boxingscene.com/schaefer-says-finger-not-point-alex-ariza--72746
Jake Donovan's original report on the news regarding Rios: http://www.boxingscene.com/brandon-rios-takes-another-hit-with-failed-drug-test--72715
Ryan Maquiñana was the boxing producer for NBCOlympics.com during London 2012 and writes a boxing column for CSNBayArea.com. He is a full member of the Boxing Writers Association of America and Ring Magazine's Ratings Panel. E-mail him at [email protected], check out his blog at Norcalboxing.net or follow him on Twitter @RMaq28.
[QUOTE=-MAKAVELLI-;14028010]well, yea...he deserves to be fired...what kind of S & C coach doesn't know what is on the banned list?[/QUOTE] exactly .Comment by El-blanco on 09-21-2014
[QUOTE=Daylyt;14966766]**** that s[I]h[/I]it, I almost died lol Im not that too tolerant of stimulants and that had me cracked out.[/QUOTE] Haha, it made me feel a little weird aswell but that's what made the workouts so great!Comment by Daylyt on 09-21-2014
[QUOTE=El-blanco;14966735]Jack3d was awesome.[/QUOTE] **** that s[I]h[/I]it, I almost died lol Im not that too tolerant of stimulants and that had me cracked out.Comment by El-blanco on 09-21-2014
[QUOTE=jas;14966745]It got banned for real?[/QUOTE] The old formula ya, it had some ingredient I can't spell or pronounce which apparently was causing serious adverse reactions in people. I think one guy even died. The product was re-released with new ingredients…Comment by jas on 09-21-2014
[QUOTE=El-blanco;14966735]Jack3d was awesome.[/QUOTE] It got banned for real?Post a Comment - View More User Comments (32)


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Presque Isle seeking lifeguard applicants
Presque Isle State Park officials are looking for a few more good swimmers to guard the park's beaches this summer.
Assistant park manager Ryan Rager said about 10 more lifeguards are needed. Applications are available by calling the park office at 833-7424 or going to www.employment.pa.gov. He said there's no deadline to apply but sooner is better than later.
Park officials would like to have 65 lifeguards, including three managers and 12 supervisors, again this year.
"The budget was fairly similar to last year's so we're able to keep our complement," Rager said.
He said there's a need for new guards because some aren't returning due to graduation from college. The minimum age to be a Presque Isle lifeguard is 16 and the pay starts at $11.47 an hour.
Applicants must have lifeguarding, first aid and CPR certifications before starting work, officials said. The swimming season begins May 24 at the park and continues seven days a week through Labor Day. Lifeguards can work 40-hour weeks that include weekends and holidays.
"It is a physically demanding job," Rager said.
People who want to be a lifeguard also have to submit both the civil-service application and the lifeguard application supplement by mail or online, he said. Rager said lifeguards go on patrol to prevent problems and ensure safety.
"The main focus and priority for lifeguards is to focus on the people in the water," he said.
Lifeguards also respond to situations on the beaches and answer visitors' questions, Rager said.
DANA MASSING can be reached at 870-1729 or by e-mail. Follow her on Twitter at twitter.com/ETNmassing.


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