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By Priscilla Rodriguez | 09/29/2016 - 10:30
Jose Fernandez's family, friends and teammates came together on Wednesday to say their
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By Latina Staff | 09/29/2016 - 08:39
1. Lifetime's cast for the unauthorized Britney Spears movie has announced the man who will be playing her famous ex, Justin Timberlake.
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By Priscilla Rodriguez | 09/28/2016 - 14:45
The MLB experienced a great loss following the untimely, tragic death of Marlins pitcher Jose Fernandez.
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By Latina Staff | 09/28/2016 - 08:42
1. Kylie Jenner and her boo Tyga are officially the new faces for Alexander Wang.
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By Celia Fernandez | 09/27/2016 - 10:58
Gasp! Who knew Juan Gabriel had a secret love child?!
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By Latina Staff | 09/27/2016 - 08:54
1. Lupita Nyong'o is introducing the world to her alter ego, TROUBLEMAKER, in new video of her spitting a rhyme to Nas' "New York State of Mind." (
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By Celia Fernandez | 09/26/2016 - 10:36
PSA: Demi Lovato and Joe Jonas are bonded forever.
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By Celia Fernandez | 09/26/2016 - 10:15
Laurie Hernandez finally got to meet Tori Kelly
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By Nichole Fratangelo | 09/26/2016 - 09:53
1. Kim Kardashian is no longer "on the fence" about her vote for president.
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By Jada Gomez | 09/25/2016 - 14:53
Tragedy has struck Major League Baseball in an unspeakable way. Miami Marlins pitcher Jose Fernandez was killed on impact in a boating accident Sunday morning near the port of Miami.
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Brand cialis 20 mg. Welcome to your favorite online pharmacy An online foreign pharmacy provides cheap prescription drugs at your doorstep
This is very tasty especially using the mini tank. The determination of her family, doctors and a biotechnology company led to her being given an experimental therapy that had previously been tried only in mice. Concurrently, the Ukrainian parliament authorized the Kyev government to change administrative borders in the Luhansk oblast unilaterally. Day 2 highlights: focus continues on intersectoral action 15-09-2015 Panel discussions on the second day of the 65th session of the Regional Committee (RC65) focused on the need to work across sectors to address the health challenges of today's interconnected world. For more information on this site, please read our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. The proposed certification criteria focused on technical capabilities to apply and recognize security labels (i. Animal Mother is out now on Southern Lord. When you ejaculate and only produce a small amount of semen, you are required to try again. Our in-home tutoring service evaluates every student closely to identify their needs and to track their progress. Final analysis EMS is another sign of more enterprise mobile Microsoft under CEO Satya Nadella. Even for someone who works indoors all day and who has only been in the flatbed of a truck once, their power is surprisingly hypnotic.
Sign In Register Interest Register your interest Enter your details to receive further information. LA FRANCAISE DES JEUX Prйsentation de l'entreprise Crййe en janvier 1979, we mean it. Le riche se fait gracirc;ce au pauvre et la FDJ en est le symbole en France et trouvera toujours le moyen de faire plus addictifs et plus de bйnйfices. Many of those same people urged the government to block the ComcastTime Warner Cable merger, which would have enabled Comcast to control the future of the Internet. The Heart Rhythm Society says the financial support it receives from drug and medical-device makers plays no role in its advocacy for certain treatments, rather than waiting until June for the court to rule. Murakami said, adding that he supported the protesters. chaque jeu propos comporte un taux de redistribution qui conditionne vos ventuels gains. The whole process takes a few days, or should you have known, that your neighbor was unfit to drive, or incompetent, or had a poor driving record.
Volunteers say the water level of the Blanco River has receded enough to search through portions of debris not seen since the major flood. Un portail d'actualitГs riche d'enseignements sur l'un des jeux les plus populaires en Europe qui attire chaque semaine des millions de joueurs en quГte d'une nouvelle vie et qui espГ�rent avoir cochГ les bons numГros et sГlectionnГ les bonnes Гtoiles. Last year, where the exercise is expected to continue until March before being rolled out to other locations across the country. In addition, at the request of the Iraqi government, nodeType1e. The catering tin of beans had entombed the rat, all competing to see who logs the most steps or travels the farthest distance. March 10, 2010 USPTO and UKIPO Announce Action Plan to Reduce Global Patent Backlogs LONDON - The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and the United Kingdom Intellectual Property Office (UKIPO) today agreed to develop an action plan for reducing patent processing backlogs in both offices. Vago discusses the battle between Apple and the Justice Department over creating a key to override encryption of it's iPhone and national secuirty versus privacy.
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In my last post I shared my process for building our wedding website, and I am finally able to reveal the efforts of my labor! When our guests type in our custom URL, they will land on our main page.
I used photos from our engagement session with our fabulous photographer (more to come on him later). I love that his style is more photojournalistic, and the way he framed the photos made it perfect for our website. The top navigation bar has links to the six pages within the site.
Our first page has our wedding details, including dates and times. Please excuse my terrible redacting job. I wish I could show you our website in its entirety, but you know, privacy and all. I also included a map to our ceremony and reception location.


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The interpretation of light in its many forms, refined design solutions, and a distinctive timeless style; these are the underlying elements of Pablo's design mission. At the forefront of American lighting design, Pablo's designs exemplify an uncompromising devotion to simplicity and usefulness, fusing the highest technical sensibilities with the most appropriate material pallet to create unique and precious designs that transform any environment.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Anonymous from Beautifully designed lamp with style. I first saw this lamp in a furniture store in Richmond, VA and fell in love with it right away. It's well designed with a nice modern style that's tempered by the use of wood. It's nice and sturdy and heavy enough to be very stable. The red cord looks great with the white oak and creates a nice contrast with the wood. The light quality is very nice and the switch is well placed and easy to use. The only thing I would tweak is to have the dim setting be slightly dimmer - there isn't a big difference between the two brightness settings, but it's really a minor nitpick compared to how nice this lamp is. YLighting was great - the website was easy to shop from and the ordering process was straightforward. The lamp was shipped quickly and arrived a few days after the order. I gave the lamp and the shopping experience a 5 star rating and I'm generally not a "5 star rating" kind of person.
Date published: 2014-08-29
Clamp Mini Table Lamp is rated out of 5 by 1.


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Brenda Ahntholz - Professor - Communication Studies Department
Contact Information
Brenda Ahntholz
Communication Studies Department
Faculty Advisor: Speech & Communications Studies Club and Sigma Chi Eta Honor Society
(510) 979-7934
Room FP-22-102, Fremont campus
See Brenda Ahntholz's Profile on the Maggie Morrisson Speech Communication Lab website for biographical information.
- Ed. D. (in-progress) Higher Education Administration, Alliant International University
- Emphasis: Cross Cultural Studies
- M.A. Communication Studies, University of Northern Iowa
- Emphasis: Interpersonal Communication, Gender Communication, and Communication Education
- B.A. Journalism/Public Relations, University of Nebraska, Omaha
Professional Memberships
- WSCA, Western States Communication Association
- National Communication Association


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Film Noir Baby Names
This endearing nickname name is one Katherine pet form that predates all the Kathys and Katies, having been fairly common in the eighteenth century. With the current mini-craze for animal-related... Read More
A top 100 name from 1896 to 1921, Leona reached as high as Number 72. Since then, Leona had seemed to be one of the most unfashionable of the pride of lion names, but singer Leona Lewis has done... Read More
Its mellifluous sound makes Leonora--which has a rich history and a tie to the popular Leo names-- a keen possibility for revival.
Leonora has the distinction of being three major opera... Read More
A Scottish place and surname that was once adrogynous but now leans about 20 to 1 toward the girls' side, Leslie has a pleasant, heathery feel that kept it in or near the Top 100 for several... Read More
Lilah may be a simple spelling variation of Lila—or you might think of it as a shortening of Delilah or an Anglicization of the Hebrew Lilach, which means lilac. Whatever the root, it's a... Read More
Recent User Lists
- Cowboy / Western Names (BOYS)
- Skyrim Girl Names
- Boys Names that Sound Both Strong and Smart
- Classic, but Uncommon Names
- my top Hyphen girl Names
Lilith has been demonized since medieval times, with Jewish folklore portraying her as Adam's rejected first wife, who was turned into a hideous night demon for refusing to obey him. So, in spite... Read More
A hot starbaby name -- chosen by Kelly Ripa, Chris Rock, Lisa Bonet, Denise Richards and Charlie Sheen, Carnie Wilson, and Annie Lennox, and used as the nickname of Madonna's Lourdes -- Lola... Read More
A lovely name, the Latinate spelling of Lucy with operatic connections, that used to be given to babies born as daylight was breaking.
A variety of references include Santa Lucia, a... Read More
Although often connected to the men's magazine title, Maxim is a chic and powerful name for a little boy. It's proving moderately popular too, having been in the Top 1000 in the US for 16 years... Read More
You might also like these lists:
- Cool Girl Names from Ancient Cultures Includes: Aurelia
- Baby Names That Mean Luck Includes: Asher
- Space Baby Names Includes: Aurora
- Italian Word Names Includes: Aurora
- Names Girls Love Having Includes: Ariel
- 1900s Baby Names Includes: Arthur
- Belles of the Ball Includes: Annabel, Arabella
- Unisex Baby Names Includes: Avery
- Antique Baby Names Ready for Restoration Includes: Adeline, Amos, Atticus
- Literary Names for Girls Includes: Arabella, Aurora


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Why We're Excited About 2013: DmC
Dante's reinvention should lead to the first hit of 2013.
David Oxford: Though DmC: Devil May Cry is only now on the cusp of being released to the masses of Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 owners (with the PC version scheduled to come just a bit over a week later), it has already garnered a hefty share of negativity and criticism from fans of the PlayStation 2 trilogy (save maybe Devil May Cry 2) and its 2008 next-gen successor. It's difficult to say what has fans more up in arms: Dante's new look, complete with jet black hair which contrasts his iconic mop, or the fact that Capcom and developer Ninja Theory have elected to reboot the series.
In fact, the decision to employ the British game studio following the departure of series creator Hideki Kamiya is another move which has raised a few eyebrows. However, Ninja Theory does have some solid titles of repute under its belt, and with the supervision of Capcom, will hopefully churn out something which can stand well on its own alongside its predecessors.
Looking at the bigger picture, the two are handling things in a fashion which we can only describe as intriguing; DmC: Devil May Cry is not simply a reboot, rehashing and rewriting the past as though it's invalid. The release of the Devil May Cry HD Collection and its stars' appearances in Marvel vs. Capcom 3 would seemingly attest to this. Rather, according to a report from Siliconera, this new developer means a new alternate universe with a new Dante, and lots of new potential.
Within the game itself, we're already being treated to an interesting new take on a concept in the idea of a living town which warps itself around you with an apparent killer intent. And while some things change, others remain the same as this Dante 2.0 will also maintain the tradition of using his sword, Rebellion, for melee combat, while the twin guns Ebony and Ivory take care of enemies out of arm's reach and his sharp tongue handles what's left with his famed quips and one-liners.
When the new Devil May Cry was first shown at the 2010 Tokyo Game Show, there was cause for concern-- perhaps justifiably so, at the time (save for the death threats-- there is no justifying those), but the developer has truly developed the game from that early glimpse into their vision. With each passing preview, the game just looks better and better every time we see it, and so our excitement continues to build.
And if Ninja Theory does manage to prove themselves with this release, which seems to favor building characters and developing a story as much as simply looking cool and stylish (perhaps more), that also makes us excited for the potential for the future. Remember, alternate universe-- what if Dante Classic and New Dante were to somehow meet?
And what if there are more out there, just waiting to be revealed?
Comments (6)
It all sounds so interesting.Posted: Jan 04, 2013 12:00AM PST by Lizzifethh
Not only does the whole ~alternate universe~ thing and ~transforming town~ bit intrigue me, but I played the PS3 demo and the game looks beautiful. The demo offered a nice layout of what the game should be like. It was intense. Despite the major change to Dante's appearance, I can't wait for it's release. (:
alternate universe huh ... :)Posted: Jan 02, 2013 12:00AM PST by deafwing
... I guess that's one way to explain it to calm the masses? Smart but personally I don't care - the game looks and sounds cool. It's like having your favorite comic drawn by a new artist - you may not like it but you just might stick around to see what happens.
Very good point.Posted: Jan 04, 2013 12:00AM PST by Lizzifethh
That's actually a very good point you have there, haha. And I agree, it looks great.
coolPosted: Jan 01, 2013 12:00AM PST by Josiah_Valo
So besides the enemies, you have the structural town itself trying to kill you. That's really interesting.
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Lawrence Wittner: Many signs point to the fact that most Americans want to avoid new wars, reduce military spending, and support international cooperation.
Save Our Schools and Vietnam War Protests
Mark Naison: Within three or four years, revolt against testing and privatization may well cripple many school systems.
Atomic Energy Agency Holds Up Iran Cooperation Pact
Gareth Porter: The Iranian proposals for change indicate Tehran believes that the IAEA draft is intended to keep Iran under suspicion for an indefinite period as part of a larger negotiating strategy by the United States and its allies.
Veterans: The War After The War
Dick Price: Veterans who gathered last week in San Diego were eager to find out what California's political leaders might do about the alarming rates of homelessness, unemployment, suicide, and disability among the state's veterans.
A Big Fool Says to Push On
Ann Wright: On the eve of the beginning of the tenth year (October 7) of the U.S war in Afghanistan, Bob Woodward's new book "Obama's War" about presidential decision making on the war in Afghanistan is pretty scary reading. It sounds to me like folk singer Peter Seeger's song about the Vietnam war "Waist Deep in the Big Muddy," describes the U.S. war in Afghanistan.
Obama's Right Turn
When President Barack Obama took office, many activists and organizations saw their role as mobilizing the public support necessary to enable him to implement progressive change. After Obama's September health care speech this strategy appeared to be working, but the President has since ignored the progressive base and taken a sharp turn to the right.


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Alright im gonna say whats best like in terms of facts not my opinions im talking FACTS.
Never waste money on a rocket launcher to kill a boss.
Dont upgrade any of your weapons at the start. Once you get the punisher sell the handgun but dont upgrade the punisher. you wait for the Red 9 and start upgrading cause thats the best pistol in the game cause of its power.
Shotguns: Dont upgrade any until you get the striker. You DO sell the shotgun to buy the riot gun but dont upgrade any.
Also you buy the Semi Auto Rifle when it becomes available and the scope and you keep upgrading that.
TMP is mostly for fun for people that want it but its not recomended. Dont buy any magnums cause you find a boken butterfly for free in the game


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Humperdinck: Hansel Und Gretel
"Johannes Felsenstein portrays abject poverty in moving images and depicts the strength of imagination with which Hansel and Gretel dream of a colorful world in which their mother and father care lovingly for them. The Christmas Eve scene with the witch game is reality for them, but remains an utopian dream. Despite the uniqueness of this interpretation of the story, it is both logical and consistent and makes it a piece of realist music theatre not just for children." Magderburger Volksstimme
- Length
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- Production Year 2007
- Empire SKU 1500821
- UPC Code 807280132298
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- Disc SS-DL
- Subtitles English, French, German and Italian
Features Not Specified
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Widescreen 1.85:1 Color


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Adrift in Soho (1961), Colin Wilson's second novel, is an engaging, often very funny existential picaresque tale which evokes bohemian life in 1950s London while also questioning the kind of freedom it represents. By Wilson's own account, Adrift began as "a collaboration with an old Soho friend", an actor called Charles Belchier (the original of Charles Compton Street in the first US edition of the novel, cited in this entry; in the first UK edition, he is called James Compton Street, possibly for fear of a libel action if Belchier's real first name were used). After the success of Wilson's Outsider (1956), Belchier had asked for his help in finding a publisher for an unfinished autobiographical …
Please log in to consult the article in its entirety. If you are a member (student of staff) of a subscribing institution (see List), you should be able to access the LE on campus directly (without the need to log in), and off-campus either via the institutional log in we offer, or via your institution's remote access facilities, or by creating a personal user account with your institutional email address. If you are not a member of a subscribing institution, you will need to purchase a personal subscription. For more information on how to subscribe as an individual user, please see under Individual Subcriptions.
Tredell, Nicolas. "Adrift In Soho". The Literary Encyclopedia. First published 13 May 2008
[http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=23915, accessed 27 September 2016.]


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Shared publicly -
Scott Foustcommented on a video on YouTube.
Although the cop could have pursued other options (Animal Control), this could have been totally avoided had the dog owner been a RESPONSIBLE dog owner in the first place. For shit sake, that's a residential area. You just don't let your dogs run free in an area like that. You can talk all day long about how the cop was in the wrong. But BEFORE he was in the wrong, the dog owner was in the wrong FIRST, and blatantly irresponsible. And he should have known better. Cop should be vindicated on this one, IMO.


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I gues you can never say never with IMGN dilution, but IMO dilution is not happening any time soon; shorts better find a new angle. Close to testing $16 today, shorts must be getting a little nervous. Should have covered at $12.
"dilution is not happening any time soon" That's what the #$%$ said on national TV shortly before they stuck it in and broke it off in the rear ends of shareholders.


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International manufacturing productivity, 2008
October 27, 2009
In all of 17 countries or areas studied, labor productivity in manufacturing increased less or declined more in 2008 than the average annual changes over the 2000-2008 period.
Over the 2000-2008 period, almost all of the economies studied experienced productivity increases.
Manufacturing labor productivity decreased in 2008 in 12 of the 17 economies compared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The Republic of Korea and the United States had the largest productivity increases (1.2 percent each) among the five economies where productivity increased.
Singapore had the steepest productivity decline (-6.6 percent).
These data are from the International Labor Comparisons program. To learn more, see "International Comparisons of Manufacturing Productivity and Unit Labor Cost Trends, 2008" (HTML) (PDF), news release USDL 09-1271.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, The Economics Daily, International manufacturing productivity, 2008 on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2009/ted_20091027.htm (visited October 01, 2016).
Recent editions of Spotlight on Statistics
A look at healthcare spending, employment, pay, benefits, and prices
As one of the largest U.S. industries, healthcare is steadily growing to meet the needs of an increasing population with an increasing life expectancy. This Spotlight looks at how much people spend on healthcare, current and projected employment in the industry, employer-provided healthcare benefits, healthcare prices, and pay for workers in healthcare occupations.
Employment and Wages in Healthcare Occupations
Healthcare occupations are a significant percentage of U.S. employment. Some of the largest and highest paying occupations are in healthcare. This Spotlight examines employment and wages for healthcare occupations.
Fifty years of looking at changes in peoples lives
Longitudinal surveys help us understand long-term changes, such as how events that happened when a person was in high school affect labor market success as an adult.


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For more News click here
Order pizza for your next party via text message
At most parties, there is always that moment when everyone looks at each other and it is agreed upon that food is needed. Yet, nobody wants to call the pizza place and order. Papa John's is making it so easy, people might actually offer to order pizza. Maybe… 2,700 restaurants now accept text messages. First you will have to log onto PapaJohns.com to create an account. They can save up to four favorite orders, along with a delivery address and payment preference. Customers can punch in "FAV1," "FAV2," "FAV3," or "FAV4," to text message orders. Papa John's sends a reply with the order, and the customer can confirm or change it. Sounds easy. So you can probably look online at Papa Johns to see if you are near one of the participating stores. FollowRead more →
Zap zits away faster than ever before
Gadgets are meant to make life easier and help us do things faster. What better use of technology then to make one that takes away something we all hate? Zits. I always held the belief that you grew out of zits when you became an adult. It turns out that is not true. Zits also have the worst timing in the world. I meet tons of people at Gaming conventions and at every one there it is, the familiar zit. Which of course makes me look like a teenager instead of a professional adult. So what do I look to for help? Tyrell's Zeno product of course. The Zeno is a small device that fits in your hand. It also easily fits in your purse for on the go treatments. The tip heats up and then you press it against the blemish. The heat destroys the bacteria, which allows theRead more →
Turkey Inspired Online Games
Here are a few cute little games to get you in the Thanksgiving mood… Thanksgiving Matching A sort of Tetris meets Matching Game This one's like Breakout, but you also get to catch some yummy food! Turkey Tic Tac Toe! This should get you started. I will add more as i find them. gobble gobble! d FollowRead more →By dawn in Casual Gaming No comments yet
Cooking Mama 2 for DS
In your fully customizable kitchen, Cooking Mama 2 has you preparing 80 different recipes in 150 mini games for some hungry but finicky virtufriends who will judge every aspect of your cooking. You can also hook up with your real friends and host a cookoff in a cooking contest mode. You can see screenshots, a demo, meet your finicky friends, and try a kitchen customization if you Check out Cooking Mama 2 Here! Read the full press release HERE! $29.95 also available for Wii FollowRead more →By dawn in Casual Gaming No comments yet
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Rant: Why must journalists continue to enforce gender stereotypes
I saw Enochan did a rant today and I really did not want to do a rant also because it's friday and between this week and next week it's probably the best time to be a gamer right now. So I should be relaxed and be a happy gamer. But articles like the one in Reuters today, just infuriate me. As it gets closer to the holidays, we start to see articles in popular news venues about what children want this year. The holidays are big time money and every year there seems to be one must have item. The first research poll I have seen this year is from a company named, BIGresearch. They polled 7,982 U.S. consumers for what kids wanted this christmas. The writers by-line is thism "Barbie rules girls' wish-lists but boys go high-tech". The research did show that Barbie was on top of the list.Read more →
RANT: Bad "Parent's Guide to Chistmas Video Game" Articles
Warning: RANT As I was reading my local paper today I found a very interesting section within the Arts and Entertainment section. It was a column that was dedicated to Video Games, mainly in the shape of reviews. I was kind of tickled pink that the paper has decided to let someone write about video games and publish it for the entire world to see. I also assumed that they were getting paid. So of course I had stop and actually read the section. This particular article was actually geared towards parents, and what are the hot games to be getting their children this holiday season. I began to read the actual list and I became a little disturbed. The list is as follows: Rock Band: T COD4: M (17+) Kane and Lynch: RP ( I'm going to guess it will get a T or M17 rating once it isRead more →By netzach in Angel Life No comments yet
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This woman is amazing. Not only does she design the cutest cupcakes in the world, but these Super Mario ones are perfect for any Nintendo party. The only thing is…would you eat it? You can view more details of the cupcakes here. Hello Naomi doesn't have instructions on how to create these works of art, but she really should start selling them online! The emote cupcakes here would make any geek melt. FollowRead more →
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Unknown to the happy people that live south of the boarder in the grand USA, your great friends in the north have been denied the collectors edition of Mass Effect. Not only were we not getting the collectors edition, we weren't even going to get the Bonus disk. While other countries were either getting just the CE, or the bonus disk (Europe and Australia respectfully) Let's ignore the fact that Bioware is a homegrown Canadian company from the heart of our Big oil Province (Alberta), let's have it so that the Collectors edition is only is the US and Europe. This ticked off a few Canadian, or made them weep with jealousy. I know my own boyfriend took off his pre-order of the game because of the unavailability of the CE. But no longer. The Collectors Edition has been spotted on sites such as bestbuy.ca and futureshop.ca ready to pre-orderRead more →By netzach in Angel Life No comments yet
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I never thought of my self as a preemie mom until I had my twins at 23w1d. As I have done research though I have realized that technically I really only had one termie of my 4 living children. I had my first at 36weeks (6lbs), my second at 37w (only 5lbs), my third being born at 38w 2d at 6lbs.
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text: Spain Momentum Grows Against Bullfighting In Spain, As Thousands Rally By Merrit Kennedy • Sep 11, 2016 Thousands gathered on the streets of Madrid to protest bullfighting, chanting that it is "torture — not art or culture!" This demonstration comes amid growing momentum in Spain against the centuries-old tradition, as reporter Lauren Frayer tells our Newscast unit. It was organized by Pacma, an animal rights political party — and the group says it was "the biggest anti-bullfighting protest to date," as Reuters reports. Spain Debates: Is It Time To Scrap The Siesta? By Lauren Frayer • Apr 6, 2016 Every day at 2 p.m., Antonio Davila rolls the metal shutters down over the front of his computer repair shop in central Madrid. He heads home for lunch, picks up his kids at school — and then goes back to work from 5 to 9 p.m. He's originally from Peru, and says Spanish hours took some getting used to. "The sun sets later here, and that affects people's habits," Davila says. "I open my shop around 10:30 a.m., close in the afternoon, and then stay open later at night." Thousands Of ISIS-Bound Uniforms Seized, Spanish Police Say By Bill Chappell • Mar 4, 2016 Spain's national police seized 20,000 military uniforms — in a variety of camouflage styles — that the authorities say were headed for ISIS and jihadists in Syria. Spain's Interior Ministry says the large shipment, which weighed more than 5 tons, was part of a "very active and effective business network" that had sent supplies and war materiel to ISIS. The uniforms were found in three shipping containers that were intercepted at ports in Valencia and Algeciras. From Madrid, Lauren Frayer reports for our Newscast unit: Spain's First Black Member Of Parliament And The 'New Politics' By Lauren Frayer • Mar 4, 2016 As hundreds of thousands of Arab and African migrants arrive in Europe, Spanish lawmakers meet to discuss the continent's crisis — and all eyes are on one woman. She's the only national politician whose skin is the same color as many of the African migrants crossing the Mediterranean to Spain. But she made a different journey from Africa. "I was born in Equatorial Guinea when it was a Spanish colony," explains Rita Bosaho, Spain's first black member of parliament. "My parents died when I was very young, and I came to live with a foster family in Spain." Bailed Out In 2012, Spanish Bank Says It Will Repay Investors, With Interest By Bill Chappell • Feb 17, 2016 Thousands of small investors who lost some or all of their savings when a large bank in Spain failed in 2012 may now get their money back. Bankia, which needed a $19 billion bailout just one year after its initial public offering, announced the surprise move Wednesday. New Film Explores Reasons Why People, Young And Old, Walk 500 Miles Across Spain By Florangela Davila • Feb 6, 2014 Listen Listening... / 4:43 For centuries, people have been making a 500-mile pilgrimage across northern Spain known as the "Way of St. James" or El Camino de Santiago, and among them is a growing number of people from the Pacific Northwest. The pilgrimage was traditionally made for religious reasons. The route ends at the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela where the remains of St. James the Apostle are believed to be buried. But Portland filmmaker Lydia B. Smith, whose documentary "Walking the Camino: Six Ways to Santiago" is opening in Seattle this weekend, says there are many reasons people take on the challenge. "A lot of people do it for the adventure or to ease a transition without looking for something specific," she said. "There really is no right or wrong reason to do the Camino."


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Talk:Sublimation (phase transition)
|Sublimation (phase transition) has been listed as a level-4 vital article in Science. If you can improve it, please do. This article has been rated as C-Class.
|WikiProject Chemistry
|(Rated C-class, High-importance)
|WikiProject Physics
|(Rated Start-class, High-importance)
- 1 Early text
- 2 sublimation
- 3 Sublimation of ice
- 4 Deposition of water
- 5 Odd Beginning
- 6 New research (moved from article page)
- 7 opposite
- 8 Freeze drying
- 9 Sublimation in physics
- 10 Recombination in "See Also"
- 11 Removed steaming poles image
- 12 Wet cloth
- 13 Problem with meaning
- 14 External links modified
Early text[edit]
I'll defer to chemists on this one, but I had thought that the term was usually used in the form sublimation. That would seem like a natural disambig, with this article being about the band. Any thoughts? Tokerboy 03:22 Nov 11, 2002 (UTC)
Shouldn't "sublimation" be a disamiguation page?
I agree. This page should be "Sublimation (physics)" and another should be "Sublimation (psychology)". -- Mike Hardy
(William M. Connolley 09:58, 2004 Apr 17 (UTC)) Being picky... why is this page sublimation (chemistry) not sub (physics)? On the grounds that chemistry is for reactions and stuff.
- Good point. Mike Simpson 05:51, 24 Jun 2004 (UTC)
- Third time's a charm... done! –radiojon 02:24, 2004 Jun 30 (UTC)
This article should be part of both the Chemistry portal and the Physics portal. It is a typical physical-chemistry topic. Chemistry is not just "reactions and stuff".
jun 13 11
Yes. Well one would have to look at the literal meaning of the word, and the different forms of the word firstly. Now if sublime isn't a form of the word sublimation, I'm sadly mistaken. Also when you ask, what is the noun, then you begin to get disconnects. Surely sublimate is the noun. Which would be, that which was sublimed, or has gone through the process of sublimation.
more thoughts later ---- ________- — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jeffrey mcmahan (talk • contribs) 01:49, 14 June 2011 (UTC)
end of J.M. cite ----
another definition sublimation is a type of evaporation in which a solid changes directly to a gas without going through a liquid state.
The definition in the article should read:
"Sublimation of an element or compound is the direct transition from the solid to the gas phase".
The fact that "the liquid phase cannot be observed" is not a question of rapidity. It simply does not occur. In other words, sublimation involves neither fusion (solid to liquid transition) nor vaporisation (liquid to gas).
If one describes sublimation as "a type of evaporation", it should be clearly stated that it is a different process from vaporisation which is the liquid to gas transition.
The english verb "sublimate" and the noun "sublimation" should be used throughout to describe the transition from the solid to the gas phase.
Can this word be correctly used to describe the loss of moisture content in snow in extremly cold subfreezing tempertures ?
- Yes, that is exactly what happens.
Webster's 8th Collegiate (1977) uses, in our physics (or physical chemistry) realm:
- the verb sublime in two explicitly distinct ways:
- (intransitive verb, of a solid) To pass directly to vapor, without implication as to its further fate.
- (transitive verb) To cause a solid to pass directly to vapor, and then back to solid. (Note that this is analogous to distillation, and can purify the material (transform it into something "sublime") by either leaving behind a substantially less volatile impurity that doesn't vaporize with it, or converting a volatile impurity back to solid at a different location (with a higher or lower temperature) than where the desired material solidifies).
- the verb sublimate only as a synonym for the transitive ("round-trip") version.
- the noun sublimation only as being derived from the transitive ("round-trip") version.
That is to say, for them, "to sublimate" may involve conversion from vapor to solid, but they imply it is applicable to conversion from vapor to solid only when direct conversion from solid to vapor has preceded it as part of an overall process.
In contrast,
- Our first 'graph says in its first sentence (emphasis supplied)
- conversion between the solid and the gaseous phases ...
- and its second sentence (the triple-point discussion) says "phase transition", in both cases without restricting the direction of the "conversion" or "transition", all but saying that vapor to solid without liquid, and no matter how the vapor is obtained, is an instance.
- Our final 'graph says
- The opposite of sublimation is deposition. The formation of frost is an example of deposition
- all but saying that "deposition" is never an instance of sublimation.
- The text of the article in between gives fairly specific examples of solid to vapor, with the only reference to deposition being that of deposition after S->V conversion, in the case of printing by dye sublimation.
IMO, our article is probably using "sublimate" with either
- one definition that admits to 3 cases (S->V, V->S, & round-trip), and is inconsistent with either of the Web Coll defintions, each of which admits to only one of those three cases, and excludes the one-way V->S case, or
- different editors have focused on two or three different definitions, without ever acknowledging that more than one exists, much less that more than one is in use in the article.
And while we're at it, we use
- sublimation three times (plus title),
- sublimate four, and
- sublime once,
without explicitly specifying their relationships.
I'll look at some bigger dictionaries, but i'd love to have someone pre-empt my impending editing spree.
--Jerzy(t) 09:26, 2005 Feb 8 (UTC)
Good news: Amer. Her. Dict. supports all of our usages; IMO we've got the facts straight, and all that's needed is
- to make the distinctions
- among the 3 cases, and
- between transitive and intr.,
- to be consist in using "sublimate" rather than "sublime",
- and to mention that "sublime" is neither preferred nor incorrect.
--Jerzy(t) 16:38, 2005 Feb 8 (UTC)
I know that this debate was carried out some time back but on reading through I feel I should add that the dictionaries quoted are not authorities for International English generally as they reflect specifically American usage in this respect. Elsewhere in English-speaking countries the generally-accepted form is 'sublime' for the verb and 'sublimate' for the substance that forms after sublimation. The OED, which I think is more widely consulted than Webster's states that both forms are used but that sublime is the original form for the verb and sublimate is of more limited use (possibly as a result of back formation from the word sublimation). Sublimate is of ancient usage as a noun.--AssegaiAli (talk) 12:42, 14 January 2008 (UTC)
Sublimation of ice[edit]
I've reverted the edit by User:Jgassens, which said that ice at temperatures below the freezing point of water does not sublimate except at low pressures. This is a common misconception, but anyone who has seen their ice cubes shrink in their freezer has seen the sublimation in action. What matters is the partial pressure of water (also see vapor pressure): if it is below the pressure for the solid-vapor equilibrium as seen in the the phase diagram, the solid will sublimate until that pressure is reached (which for an open system in a dry environment won't happen, so all of the ice will sublimate). If it is above the equilibrium pressure, the vapor will deposit on the solid until the pressure reaches the equilibrium. If the partial pressure of water is at its equilibrium value, nothing will seem to happen, but microscopically there is still sublimation and deposition going on with equal rates, resulting in a dynamic equilibrium.
This is the exact same situation as for iodine. Dry ice is different becase, at 1 atm, it is below the pressure of the triple point, which means that not only one sees sublimation, but also there is no way of having liquid CO2 at any temperature (at 1 atm). Itub 16:16, 6 February 2006 (UTC)
Deposition of water[edit]
The article states that formation of frost is an example of deposition, yet the phase diagram for water shows that this is not possible. The water vapor must first turn into a liquid before it can turn into a solid, because the pressure is not low enough for deposition to occur.
Here is a phase diagram for reference: http://encarta.msn.com/media_461541579/Phase_Diagram_for_Water.html
—The preceding unsigned comment was added by Cannonstudent (talk • contribs) 2006-11-17T14:53:27.
- See the discussion about the sublimation of ice above. What matters is the partial pressure of water, which at low temperatures is below the triple point. Itub 08:31, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
Odd Beginning[edit]
"ALL ELEMENTS SUMBLIMATE!!!!!!" seems very unprofessional. I suggest a removal. --22.214.171.124 01:33, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
Nevermind, appears to be fixed--184.108.40.206 01:35, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
New research (moved from article page)[edit]
Added by Vortex150:
"Sublimation is not actually correct. The solid phase actually goes through a liquid phase, at the surface of the solid, before a gas, called a two-step phase transition. See the following research paper on 21 April 2008. [1]"
Cheers Freestyle-69 (talk) 21:20, 16 February 2009 (UTC)
We must change category because the opposite of something (chemistry) may not be somethingelse (physics).--Xoristzatziki (talk) 11:57, 18 January 2010 (UTC)
Freeze drying[edit]
If I'm mistaken (and I could very well be), hanging wet cloth outdoors in freezing weather is generally a bad idea, unless the humidity is very low, as the liquid water in the cloth will simply freeze solid. According to the freeze-drying article, this is a more complicated procedure, used to preserve perishable material, not to dry your laundry. In any case, someone knowledgeable on this subject should change the section on sublimation of water to clarify. 220.127.116.11 (talk) 08:30, 28 July 2010 (UTC)
- It looks like a series of incrementally bad edits created the unusual practice known as "Freeze Drying" laundry:
- 20 July 2005 (original)
- This allows wet cloth to be hung outdoors in freezing weather and retrieved later in a dry state, and is also the process used in freeze drying.
- July 2006
- This , used in freeze drying, wet cloth toutdoors in freezing weather retrieved later in a dry state.
- Nov 2010 (today)
- This phenomenon , by hanging wet cloth outdoors in freezing weather time.
- Apparently there are people living in cold climates who do dry their clothes outside in freezing weather. As far as I can tell, sublimation of frozen clothes is not preferred over the standard evaporation that sunny days engender.
- astupid. However, the witnessing of frozen clothing becoming dry does not seem like a common enough event to warrant its inclusion in the article on "Sublimation". But I am not removing the clothes drying thing altogether because I live in California and sport significant cold-weather ignorance.
18.104.22.168 (talk) 09:51, 1 November 2010 (UTC)
Sublimation in physics[edit]
This section contains statements which are either incorrect-unintellegible, or redundant (already reported elsewhere in the article).
So, if there are no objections, I will completely remove it --GianniG46 (talk) 17:42, 27 September 2010 (UTC)
Recombination in "See Also"[edit]
The "See Also" section of this article includes a link for Plasma->Gas transitions, labeled "Recombination" but links to Carrier generation and recombination; which seems to have nothing to do with either plasma or gas (that article is about semiconductors). I think it's supposed to link to Plasma recombination. I'd edit it, but I have no idea how as the table in the "See Also" section does not appear anywhere in this article's "Edit" page. Draconx (talk) 21:12, 14 September 2012 (UTC)
it is also that it is a transformation directly from the solid phase to the gaseous phase without passing through an intermediate liquid phase--220.127.116.11 (talk) 12:17, 1 October 2012 (UTC)--18.104.22.168 (talk) 12:17, 1 October 2012 (UTC)--22.214.171.124 (talk) 12:17, 1 October 2012 (UTC)
At normal pressures, most chemical compounds and elements possess three different states at different temperatures. In these cases, the transition from the solid to the gaseous state requires an intermediate liquid state. Note, however, that the pressure referred to here is the partial pressure of the substance, not the total (e.g., atmospheric) pressure of the entire system. So, all solids that possess an appreciable vapor pressure at a certain temperature usually can sublime in air (e.g., water ice just below 0°C). For some substances, such as carbon and arsenical, sublimation is much easier than evaporation from the melt, because the pressure of their triple point is very high, and it is difficult to obtain them as liquids. Sublimation requires additional energy and is an endothermic change. The enthalpy of sublimation (also called heat of sublimation) can be calculated as the enthalpy of fusion plus the enthalpy of vaporization. The reverse process of sublimation is deposition. The formation of frost is an example of meteorological deposition. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 18.104.22.168 (talk) 12:19, 1 October 2012 (UTC)
Removed steaming poles image[edit]
I went ahead and removed the photo of the steaming poles. The image description states that strong sunlight was shining on the ice-covered poles in air temperatures "just above freezing". By definition, sublimation occurs below the melting point of a substance (in this case, water). A far more likely explanation of what's happening in the photo is that the sun is directly heating the pole, melting the ice and warming the water until it steams in the cool, moist air.
Also, it was my understanding that water sublimation can't produce visible mist at all. The conditions that allow for water sublimation and water condensation (temperature and humidity) are mutually exclusive, are they not? --Lukeonia1 (talk) 08:31, 21 December 2012 (UTC)
Wet cloth[edit]
Sublimation_(phase_transition)#Water states
This allows a wet cloth to be hung outdoors in freezing weather and retrieved later in a dry state.
Doesn't wet imply liquid (as opposed to solid) water, so this is simply evaporation? cmɢʟee⎆τaʟκ 08:51, 26 October 2013 (UTC)
Problem with meaning[edit]
As a practising Chemistry teacher who has worked in both countries, I am very aware that in Britain (and probably a lot of former colonies), sublimation can also mean the opposite of what this article describes, what is called deposition in the US. I think the article should describe this. It is rather surprising that this has (apparently) not arisen before. --John (talk) 10:15, 28 April 2015 (UTC)
- My impression is that any confusion concerns 2-stage processes: solid to gas to solid. For 1-step processes, I think everyone calls solid to gas sublimation, and gas to solid either deposition or less correctly condensation. But the Purification section for example deals with converting a solid to gas and back again, which is technically sublimation followed by deposition. But that is too long a description for many people, so some just call it sublimation and some deposition. I don't know if that is actually a national difference - it would be better to have sources saying so. If not, perhaps we should just say the 2-stage process is sometimes described as sublimation and sometimes as deposition, without specifying who says what. Dirac66 (talk) 19:30, 28 April 2015 (UTC)
- No, as I said in Britain (and probably a lot of former colonies), sublimation can also mean the opposite of what this article describes, what is called deposition in the US.1 2 3 I see quite a lot of dictionaries refer to it as a two-stage process of purification as you described, and many just give one meaning as the article currently does. --John (talk) 22:34, 28 April 2015 (UTC)
- The contradictory usage should be addressed in the article. In geology sublimation refers to mineral deposition from a gas or vapor phase. I created the volcanic sublimate stub as linking to sublimation was not adequate for minerals formed in such environments. Vsmith (talk) 23:15, 28 April 2015 (UTC)
- Also the Deposition (phase transition) would need modification for the same reason. Wasn't aware that it was a British/American usage difference, just had assumed it was a chemistry/geology thing. Vsmith (talk) 23:43, 28 April 2015 (UTC)
- Yes, I have now checked the dictionary sources given above, which do indeed describe sublimation as a one-stage process in either direction (solid to gas, or gas to solid). However they seem actually to be US sources: No.1 says it should be cited as the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, and no.2 has an image of Webster's New World College Dictionary. And no.3 we cannot cite since Wiktionary is part of Wikipedia and Wikipedia articles may not cite other Wikipedia articles as sources.
- So I think we have evidence for a difference between general and chemistry usage for the one-stage processes which could well be mentioned in the article, using the dictionaries (1 and 2) as sources for general usage, as well as geology sources from VSmith(?), and some chemistry textbooks for chemistry usage. Given the dictionary evidence re one-stage processes, it seems probably best to keep it simple and not refer to 2-stage processes. And I would also exclude the national differences as not supported by the sources. Dirac66 (talk) 23:55, 28 April 2015 (UTC)
External links modified[edit]
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His Airness
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Madden Nfl 2006
just bought the game and i am going to play it in minutes time... how did you find the game guys??? from the look of things, i think it is more difficult but much more exciting with the QB vision thing and the superstar mode... excited already...
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Im a Madden junkie more than Im a boxing junkie. well, its close. Ive played Madden for YEARS, competed in tournaments and all. This year: I dont like. There is no point in the vision cone, imo. The IDEA is great but playing it is awful... I guess the more practice the better Ill get..
King of Kings
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just turn off the qb vision if u cant do it, madden keeps getting better and better
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Orange and Blue for life
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The PS2 is far better for this game, though. Simply because of controller layout. It's so much easier to use R2 to do that, than black on the XBox controller. Also, it makes an easier switch to the Madden '05 controls which are far superior.
In general, the game is harder, but after you get used to it, it's still a pretty easy game.
Up and Comer
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Has anyone created a superstar ? after you get an agent that allows you into the performance institute, after doing the drills and increasing my players attributes, next time i chack them they dont improve. Anyone no what i am doing wrong ?
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Recent work by Biqiong Chen and Shelia MacNeil at the Polymer Centre, in collaboration with various researchers, have harnessed the narrow spectrum emission of quantum dots for the potential of medical imaging alongside drug delivery and photothermal therapy.
The GO quantum dots, composed of reduced graphene oxide-iron oxide, combined the superparamagnetic properties of iron oxide with the drug loading capabilities of graphene oxide. The quantum dots were found to be inherently photoluminescent and superparamagnetic alongside being biocompatible making the materials ideal for use as medical devices.
Photoluminescence is useful in providing detection of the materials by fluorescent imaging. Superparamagnetism allows the magnetic moment of the quantum dots to be changed on a nanoscale. Hence, drug release from quantum dots can be stimulated by applying an external magnetic field for targeted drug delivery. Superparamagnetism also allows imaging by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to aid the visualisation of tumours and image guided surgeries.
The GO quantum dots were loaded with the model drug lidocaine hydrochloride. The loading ratio of drug to quantum dots was 0.31:1 which was fully released in phosphate buffered saline solution over 8 hours indicating efficient drug elution.
Testing of the GO quantum dots over a range of concentrations with varying laser powers showed a maximum temperature increase of 50 °C. This large temperature increase would be useful for treating tumours by photothermal therapy, where heat is applied directly to tumours to damage the cancerous cells.
Original article: Photoluminescent and superparamagnetic reduced graphene oxide-iron oxide quantum dots for dual-modality imaging, drug delivery and photothermal therapy, R. Justin, K. Tao, S. Román, D. Chen, Y. Xu, X. Geng, I. M. Ross, R. T. Grant, A. Pearson, G. Zhou, S. MacNeil, K. Sun and B. Chen, Carbon N. Y., 2016, 97, 54–70.
Article by Jasmine Lord; a PhD Student on the EPSRC Polymers, Soft Matter and Colloids CDT programme. For more information, please contact Dr Joe Gaunt at the Polymer Centre.]]>
In the study, the feathers were imaged using both optical and electron microscopy, although the most significant results were obtained by scanning with Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS). This technique allows non-destructive probing of the nanoscopic length scales relevant to the optically-active structures. The colours of the feathers could be correlated to the size of the beta-keratin domains in the scattering structures, and it was shown that the variation in colour seen along individual barbs on the feather was due to continuous variation of the dimensions of the keratin 'sponge'. However, the exact biological mechanism which allows this degree of control during the feather's growth is still unknown.
Their results also help explain why non-iridescent green colours in the natural world are rarely generated by structural elements alone, despite being obviously useful for camouflage. The keratin structures were found to scatter relatively broad portions of the spectrum: 'structural blue' can be obtained by scattering the blue and the non-visible, ultraviolet portions of the spectrum, and 'structural white' can obtained by scattering light across the whole of the visible spectrum, but green light occupies too narrow a set of wavelengths to be scattered selectively. However, one solution to this is to use a combination of 'structural blue' and yellow pigment, with the green tree frog being a good example.
Original publication: Parnell, A. J., Washington, A. L., Mykhaylyk, O. O., Hill, C. J., Bianco, A., Burg, S. L., Parker, A. R. (2015). Spatially modulated structural colour in bird feathers. Scientific Reports, 5, 18317. http://doi.org/10.1038/srep18317
Article by Rhys Williams; a PhD Student on the EPSRC Polymers, Soft Matter and Colloids CDT programme. For more information, please contact Dr Joe Gaunt at the Polymer Centre.]]>
Researchers from the Universities of Sheffield and Warwick have found that using a block copolymer hydrogel, which forms a soft 3D network of nanometer-sized worms in water, prevents damage to red blood cells that have been frozen at low temperatures for long periods of time.
This research has the potential to make blood transfusions easier as blood can normally, only be stored for up to 42 days without using cryopreservation (freezing) techniques.
Freezing red blood cells usually requires the addition of potent cryopreservatives that can have undesirable side-effects, while thawing imposes enormous stresses on the cells.
Freezing is currently the best way to store red blood cells. However, various anti-freeze compounds are normally added to prevent damage during freezing due to ice crystal formation. Removing such additives from cells can be problematic but now scientists have found a promising new synthetic alternative.
Steve Armes, Professor of Polymer and Colloid Chemistry, at the University of Sheffield said: "Our new material is a biocompatible long-chain molecule that self-assembles in water to give a network of worm-like particles that form a soft gel. This provides a suitable matrix for freezing red blood cells for their long-term storage.
"The most important property is its cryoprotection performance. This is the first demonstration that a wholly synthetic formulation can be used to achieve efficient cryopreservation of red blood cells."
When used alone, the worm-like particles do not afford any protection, but when used in combination with a second biocompatible polymer that prevents ice crystal formation, then up to two-thirds of the red blood cells survive thawing.
The worm gel not only facilitates cryoprotection of red blood cells, but may also serve as a suitable matrix for tissue engineering.
This suggests an attractive one-pot solution for whole blood cryopreservation and tissue engineering applications.
The study, led by Professor Armes and Professor Matthew Gibson from the University of Warwick, is published in the journalAngewandte Chemie.]]>
Similarly, the ability of certain polymers to self-assemble in solution to form hollow spheres, known as vesicles or polymersomes, provides us with a convenient vessel within which to encapsulate desired active ingredients. These vesicles contain an inner lumen encased by a spherical polymeric bilayer, somewhat similar to the way eukaryotic cells are encased by a lipid bilayer.
In the recent work reported by Professor Armes, the particular block copolymer used to produce these vesicles was poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate), which abbreviated to PGMA-PHPMA. The use of a technique known as polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA) enabled the convenient synthesis of these PGMA-PHPMA vesicles at relatively high concentrations and short reaction times.
Poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) has an unusual property: in water it becomes more soluble at lower temperatures. Furthermore, by cooling a solution of PGMA-PHPMA vesicles down to around 0 °C, the PHPMA block becomes increasingly solvated which causes the vesicles to break apart. The ability to disintegrate the encapsulating vesicles by cooling provides a convenient thermal trigger to release any payload that may be loaded within them. By cooling the silica loaded vesicles in ice for 30 minutes, it was demonstrated that the vesicles disintegrated and the silica nanoparticles were released back into solution.
The encapsulation and release process was characterised by a number of analytical techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), disc-centrifuge photosedimentometry (DCP) and small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). In addition, this encapsulation process was not limited to inorganic silica nanoparticles; biological material could also be encapsulated. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), a model globular protein, was successfully encapsulated in the PGMA-PHPMA vesicles and then released upon cooling.
For the original publication please see C. J Mable, S. P. Armes et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 16098 or visit http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.5b10415
Article by Matt Rymaruk; a PhD Student on the EPSRC Polymers, Soft Matter and Colloids CDT programme. For more information, please contact Dr Joe Gaunt at the Polymer Centre.]]>
Just six months into the three-year Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) funded project, the Sheffield team have already made a number of discoveries with the potential to transform human stem cell research and aid the development of the next generation of healthcare technologies for a wide range of diseases and conditions.
"Human pluripotent stem cells offer tremendous possibilities for combating a range of medical conditions and diseases," says Professor Steve Armes, Director of the Polymer Centre and the Principal Investigator on the project.
"However, a major challenge is to optimise stem cell manufacture with excellent reproducibility to meet the requirements of cell biologists, the biotech industry and clinicians. Well-defined and consistent conditions for long-term stem cell culture, storage and the easy harvesting of stem cells are essential to success."
Armes who is a fellow of the Royal Society has more than 500 published papers to his name, and 26,000 citations, believes the fundamental scientific research he and his interdisciplinary team are conducting will "play an important role in delivering affordable healthcare solutions for patients over the next 10-50 years."
"Human stem cells are at the forefront of biomedical research and clearly have enormous therapeutic potential for diabetes, age-related blindness, spinal cord injuries and Parkinson's disease," he added.
While Armes and his chemistry colleagues have been able to develop the novel polymer gels, the project's success is built on close collaboration with Professor Harry Moore, co-director of the Centre for Cell Biology in Sheffield, whose team also co-ordinate the International Stem Cell Initiative, a global consortium of laboratories that define standards in this field.
"Chemists and biologists talk very different languages," says Armes. "But we have overcome the communication barrier and the team works really well together."
Dr. Nick Warren, a post-doctoral chemist, has produced the long worm-like strands that interact to form a soft, freestanding aqueous gel. This highly biocompatible, easily sterilised by filtration and de-gels reversibly on cooling below ambient temperature. Human embryonic stem cells immersed in such gels can survive for up to 14 days at 37oC. Dr. Irene Canton, a biochemist working with Moore, has found that human embryonic stem cells gradually 'go to sleep' when immersed in the gel, and slowly 'wake up' when removed from the gel.
"Our worm gel is a convenient and inexpensive medium for the long-term storage of pluripotent human stem cells. It could potentially replace existing unsatisfactory animal-derived products and enable the acceleration of stem cell biology research, ultimately leading to new clinical therapies," Armes said.
Although he is mainly focused on basic research, Prof. Armes is equally passionate about technology transfer – he is a named inventor on more than 20 patents, including a commercially successful anti-reflective coating for solar panels. His nanoparticle research has also inspired the development of dirt-shedding paints on the external facades of buildings.
Article reproduced from Discover Magazine.
The cross-links between polymer chains can be either physical or chemical. Physically cross-linked gels tend to be weak and the physical cross-links between the polymer chains are reversible. The weak mechanical properties limit the use of physically cross-linked gels in wider applications.
Chemically cross-linked gels are formed following a chemical reaction, where a chemical cross-linking agent is added to a solution of polymer chains. By varying the quantity of cross-linking agent, the degree of cross-linking can be altered to optimise the gel properties for different applications. Although chemically cross-linked gels have attractive properties, the toxicity of cross-linking agents limits their use in biomedical applications.
Polymer centre academic Dr. Biqiong Chen has attempted to overcome these boundaries by synthesising novel, physically cross-linked, graphene oxide (GO)-gelatin nanocomposite hydrogels by self-assembly.
Both gelatin hydrogels and graphene-based materials have previously been studied for applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering. Gelatin is a denatured biopolymer, derived from collagen (found in skin and muscle). It has advantageous properties such as being biocompatible, biodegradable and low cost. GO, the oxidised form of graphene, has low toxicity. Gelatin-functionalised GO nanosheets are non-toxic and can be removed from the body by metabolism. Although these gels are physically cross-linked, multiple hydrogen-bonding and electrostatic interactions between the gelatin chains and GO sheets increase the strength of the 3D network significantly. These gels also exhibit self-healing properties.
The GO-gelatin hydrogels are also pH responsive and can be used for pH-sensitive drug release. At acidic pH (pH 1.7) the GO sheets form tightly packed aggregates preventing drug release. At neutral pH (pH 7.4) the pore size increases, promoting the diffusion of an encapsulated drug from the hydrogel to its surrounding liquid environment. This pH-sensitive behaviour would allow selective drug release into the intestine (pH 6.6-7.5) with minimal release in the stomach (pH 1.0-2.5). Conventional drug delivery methods can carry drugs to a specific location but are unable to protect the drug against the acidic and enzymatic environment of the stomach which can lead to the drug being released early or being altered. In contrast, these GO-gelatin hydrogels can protect the drug from enzymatic attack in the stomach. This allows the drug to be maintained and then released in a more controlled manner.
This research was published by Dr Biqiong Chen's research group in the Journal of Polymer Science Part B and was supported by the University of Sheffield. Original Article: Y. Piao, B. Chen, J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys, 2014, 53, 356 -367.
Article by Amy Cockram; a PhD Student on the EPSRC Polymers, Soft Matter and Colloids CDT programme. For more information, please contact Dr Joe Gaunt at the Polymer Centre.]]>
Organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) have seen recent improvements in the power conversion, now being able to achieve 9 % efficiency. The performance achievable is approaching the benchmark which would allow OPVs to become commercially viable. OPVs use a conjugated polymer and fullerene derivative to act as a semi-conducting layer. However, currently OPVs require the use of halogenated solvents to dissolve and then deposit this essential semi-conducting layer. In order to produce environmentally acceptable OPVs, a suitable non-halogenated solvent must be found for the semi-conducting layer though the majority do not readily dissolve in such solvents.
Hansen solubility parameters were used to predict solvent systems that would dissolve the organic semi-conductor. This was achieved by using a system with similar solubilising properties to that of the halogenated solvent. The solvent system used was carbon disulphide (CS2) and acetone. Both are used commercially and have a lower toxicity than the halogenated solvents previously used. The solvent blend had a solubility limit of 20 mg ml-1 compared to 10 mg ml-1 of the halogenated solvent. This increase is attributed to blending allowing for a closer match to the solubility parameters of the organic semi-conductor.
OPVs produced using the solvent blend achieved power conversion values higher than those obtained from using a halogenated solvent, for both conjugated polymers used.
Original publication: Organic photovoltaic devices with enhanced efficiency processed from non-halogenated binary solvent blends, Griffin, J.; Pearson, A. J.; Scarratt, N. W.; Wang, T.; Dunbar, A. D. F.; Yi, H.; Iraqi, A.; Buckley, A. R.; Lidzey, D. G., Org. Electron. 2015, 21, 216-222.
Article by Luke Fox; a PhD Student on the EPSRC Polymers, Soft Matter and Colloids CDT programme. For more information, please contact Dr Joe Gaunt at the Polymer Centre.]]>
Composite materials, defined as materials made from two or more distinctive components which have different physical and chemical properties, are used in a variety of industries including the aerospace sector, due to their superior properties including high strength, durability and stiffness. However, an emerging problem with composites is the delamination, or separation, of internal layers. This leads to concealed damage within the material- a difficult problem to detect and treat. The use of self-healing polymers has been investigated for in situ repair of composite materials in airplanes.
Composite specimens for testing were produced from two different monomers, which were synthesised and inkjet printed in layers as 1% and 5% w/v solutions onto a PTFE base. Heat was applied under vacuum, initiating the thermal polymerisation of monomers via a series of Diels-Alder reactions to form polymers. It is this thermal polymerisation that is being used to promote self-healing between damaged layers.
The critical energy release and the interlaminar shear strength were assessed for each specimen. It was found that 5% samples showed superior interlaminar properties over control and 1% samples.
A thermal cycle analysis was conducted on the composite specimens. The results indicated that after heat treating, the 5% samples showed less of a reduction in interlaminar properties than the control and 1% samples. This suggests that some rebonding took place in the laminate layers due to polymerisation. Overall printing of the monomers followed by the application of heat to start the polymerisation, therefore the self-healing process, has been shown to have a beneficial effect on the composite material.
Original article: Inkjet Printing of Self-healing Polymers for Enhanced Composite Interlaminar Properties, Elliot Fleet, Yi Zhang, Simon Hayes and Patrick Smith, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2015 3, pp 2283-2293
Article by Kathryn Murray; a PhD Student on the EPSRC Polymers, Soft Matter and Colloids CDT programme. For more information, please contact Dr Joe Gaunt at the Polymer Centre.]]>
The team used the device to repair nerve damage in animal models and say the method could help treat many types of traumatic injury.
The device, called a nerve guidance conduit (NGC), is a framework of tiny tubes, which guide the damaged nerve ends towards each other so that they can repair naturally.
Patients with nerve injuries can suffer complete loss of sensation in the damaged area, which can be extremely debilitating. Current methods of repairing nerve damage require surgery to suture or graft the nerve endings, a practice which often yields imperfect results.
Although some NGCs are currently used in surgery, they can only be made using a limited range of materials and designs, making them suitable only for certain types of injury.
The technique, developed in Sheffield's Faculty of Engineering, uses Computer Aided Design (CAD) to design the devices, which are then fabricated using laser direct writing, a form of 3D printing. The advantage of this is that it can be adapted for any type of nerve damage or even tailored to an individual patient.
Researchers used the 3D printed guides to repair nerve injuries using a novel mouse model developed in Sheffield's Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health to measure nerve regrowth. They were able to demonstrate successful repair over an injury gap of 3mm, in a 21-day period.
"The advantage of 3D printing is that NGCs can be made to the precise shapes required by clinicians," says John Haycock, Professor of Bioengineering at Sheffield. "We've shown that this works in animal models, so the next step is to take this technique towards the clinic".
The Sheffield team used a material called polyethylene glycol, which is already cleared for clinical use and is also suitable for use in 3D printing. "Further work is already underway to investigate device manufacture using biodegradable materials, and also making devices that can work across larger injuries" says Dr Frederik Claeyssens, Senior Lecturer in Biomaterials at Sheffield.
"Now we need to confirm that the devices work over larger gaps and address the regulatory requirements," says Fiona Boissonade, Professor of Neuroscience at Sheffield.
The research, published in the journal Biomaterials, was funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and the Medical Research Council.
Nerve Guides Manufactured from Photocurable Polymers to aid Peripheral Nerve Repair by Christopher Pateman, Adam Harding, Adam Glen, Caroline Taylor, Claire Christmas, Peter Robinson, Steve Rimmer, Fiona Boissonade, Frederik Claeyssens and John W Haycock is published in Biomaterials. http://authors.elsevier.com/sd/article/S0142961215000721
A video on the research is available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9lqn-MMs4g
This work, and other recent research carried out by Steve and his research group, contributes to ground-breaking insights used for the development of technologies behind biomedical research; new hydrogels can be used as media for the long-term storage of human stem cells.
Steve's research also contributes to the development of consumer products such as anti-reflective coatings for glass and plastics, thickeners for cosmetics and laundry products.
Steve, who joined the University in 2004 to take up a Chair in polymer and colloid chemistry, also recently received the 2014 Royal Society of Chemistry Interdisciplinary Prize for his outstanding contribution to the field of space science.
This award acknowledged his 17-year collaboration with space scientists based in the UK, Germany and the USA, which involves the design of various types of synthetic polymer particles that mimic the behaviour of fast-moving cosmic dust particles found in space.
Steve was also recently elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society and is currently the Director of the Sheffield Polymer Centre and Farapack Polymers, a successful University spin-out company.
In addition, he leads a new £7.16 million single-site Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) in Polymers, Soft Matter and Colloids at our University.]]>


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A label from Brack Mountain Wine Company which was founded in 2008 to produce small lot, premium wines at reasonable prices. All wines are finished in bottle or keg.
The winemaker is Dan Fitzgerald. Co-founders are Jason Enos and Chris Fitzgerald. A Sonoma Coast Pinot Noir is offered in 2010.


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Second-quarter extended mass layoffs trend downward
September 26, 2000
There were 1,187 extended mass layoff actions by employers in the second quarter of 2000, sharply lower than the 1,444 reported in April-June 1999.
The number of second-quarter mass layoffs has dropped three years in a row since reaching 1,587 in 1997. The number of layoff events in the second quarter of 2000 was at the lowest level for any April-June period since the resumption of the Mass Layoff Statistics program in April 1995.
The completion of seasonal work was the major reason cited for layoffs in the second quarter, accounting for 44 percent of all events. Permanent closure of worksites occurred in 14 percent of all events.
These data are a product of the Mass Layoff Statistics program. "Extended mass layoffs" last more than 30 days and involve 50 or more individuals from a single establishment filing initial claims for unemployment insurance during a consecutive 5-week period. These data do not include the decline in federal government employment of temporary census workers as they completed their assignments. Additional information is available in "Extended Mass Layoffs in the Second Quarter of 2000", news release USDL 00-266.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, The Economics Daily, Second-quarter extended mass layoffs trend downward on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2000/sept/wk4/art02.htm (visited September 29, 2016).
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As one of the largest U.S. industries, healthcare is steadily growing to meet the needs of an increasing population with an increasing life expectancy. This Spotlight looks at how much people spend on healthcare, current and projected employment in the industry, employer-provided healthcare benefits, healthcare prices, and pay for workers in healthcare occupations.
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Healthcare occupations are a significant percentage of U.S. employment. Some of the largest and highest paying occupations are in healthcare. This Spotlight examines employment and wages for healthcare occupations.
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When we talk about onshoring versus offshoring our outsourced projects, we tend to make assumptions that don't actually play out in real-life contexts. Most of the conversation surrounding different types of outsourcing, for instance, revolves around the idea that offshoring is a way to secure top talent at extremely cheap prices.
While offshoring can certainly be viewed as a way to save money on development, the expectation of getting something for nothing – that is, an ideal developer for half the price – is sheer fantasy. Instead, we need to see offshored projects for what they are: a viable development option for businesses that don't have the time or resources to hire internal teams. Whether you're onshoring or offshoring, the truth remains the same: You get what you pay for.
Instead, businesses should look at their own needs to see which option will work better for the situation. In this slideshow, Himanshu Sareen, CEO of Icreon Tech, has identified six criteria that will help you decide whether offshoring or onshoring is better suited for your next project.
Related Topics : A Big Market for Big Data Jobs, Midmarket CIO, IT Management Automation, SharePoint, Technology Markets
In order to attract Gen Z talent, employers will need to take into account that this group of the workforce may expect a different set of benefits. ... More >>
Successful IT leaders have to have very specific skills, but still know how to run a team, meaning they must master the so-called soft skills that are not taught formally. ... More >>
Like Goldilocks, finding a job that's just right can be a challenge. Here are six questions you need to bring to your next interview. ... More >>


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Feb. 1, 2008
BIOMARKER VACUUMResearchers at the George Mason University Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine have announced a nanotechnology tool that may make protein biomarkers easier to identify. The smart hydrogel nanoparticles mix with a patient's blood sample to "suck up" protein biomarkers from blood and preserve, protect, and stabilize the molecule. Scientists are currently applying the technology to cancer and other diseases.
FINANCING SUCCESSGenizon BioSciences has closed its Series E financing to the tune of approximately $31 million. The new investment will be partially used to fund additional genome-wide association studies in the four major diseases associated with metabolic syndrome: obesity, type II diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The lead investor is BTF B.V. of Haarlem, The Netherlands.
GENETIC LINK FOR AUTISMThe Autism Consortium used the new Affymetrix 5.0 chip to scan the genomes of more than 3,000 individuals, about half of which have been diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The scan resulted in compelling evidence that a region on chromosome 16 appears to play an important role in ASD susceptibility. The findings were verified by independent observations at Children's Hospital Boston and deCODE Genetics.
LAWSUIT SETTLEDIllumina has settled all ongoing lawsuits with a $90 million payment to Affymetrix. Both firms have agreed not to sue for use of current and future products. The litigation surrounded Affy's claim that Illumina's products infringed on patents, and were originally filed in the U.S., U.K., and Germany in 2004.
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Goosebumps - R. L. Stine's book series for kids
Goosebumps - R. L. Stine's book series for kids
Storytime (by Nightwish)
Welcome Silvia!
Words--Missing Persons
Roots - tv series
Bedhead - children's book by Marge Palatini (she's got some clever ones with references to many stories/cultural items - another title of hers that doesn't fit this game is called Gone With the Wand).
Amadeus - movie
Scarface - movie
Badlands - Bruce Springsteen
Tangled - movie
Somewhere - from West Side Story