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Thanks for the info NC. I don't get what the reference has to do with the context in how he was quoted, but I'm not a rocket scientist.
Didn't know that about Panama.
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Tyson may well be right, Wlads certainly the favourite tho this is no formality. Not when the guy in the other corner can crack like Haye and do it with his type of speed. He's also confident and agile along with other things. God i hope Haye wins, Wlad i really like as a man and he is a great abasador for boxing but My God He's BORING in the ring! So much to like about Klitchko the man and when a fight starts i usually start off rootin for the big man but as the fight unfolds into a predictable pattern of jabbing and grabbing i normally start screaming for the other guy!
Anyway the point i wanted to make was Mike, love him as i do, dosnt really know what he's talking about regarding Haye as he's seen next to nothing from him as noted when he did a quick breakdown of the Haye vs Harrison fight plus he is friends with the Klitchko boys
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The fight will go on to the middle rounds at least, as both men will be cagey in the opening 2 rounds. On the night Klitschko should have to much for Haye. Haye has never been in with an opponent like Klitschko, he's fought cans at HW, and fighting Klitschko is a massive step up for him.
I admire the confidence Haye brings but I think he might be found out as a blown up CW. Klitschko hits like a truck, and I can't see Haye withstanding to many shots.
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he was refering to the 20 dudes he'd 'raped' in the ring at that point of his career
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Last edited by Terry A; 06-11-2011 at 11:17 AM.
Interim Champion
Join Date: Jan 2007
Age: 57
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Rep Power: 12
Your explainantion now makes perfect sense in the context it was given.
And if he indeed did say that in that context, it was pretty funny.
Still, I'm rootin' big time for Vlad.
Interim Champion
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There was a well done documentary about Emile & Benny "The Kid" a few years back where he admitted it. The film was actually a very good one. Emile portrayed himself as a very kind human being. He came off as somebody who has a heart.
I can't understand why he doesn't think women are beautiful but other then that, I like him and respect him as a fighter.
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New Balance
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U420 by New Balance
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subset: commoncrawl


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Online Therapy
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text:
Ink/Toner Cartridge Database
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Project Description
Creation of a Toner and Ink Cartridge Database for use on a ecommerce website. Database will need to include pictures, descriptions, item numbers, SKUS, area for pricing, weight and other identifying categories. Brands Include, HP, Canon, Brother,Xerox, Lexmark and more. Each OEM item will need a duplicate entry for a like compatible/remanufactured product.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jan 24, 1989
|Filing date
|Jul 2, 1985
|Priority date
|Jul 12, 1984
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Jean-Claude Bisconte
|Original Assignee
|Institut National De La Sante Et De La Recherche Medicale-Inserm
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (21), Referenced by (39), Classifications (18), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an automatic device for analysing and cloning cellular structures, as well as for bacterial analysis, namely an apparatus integrating the phases of maintenance and experimentation of substances, particularly pharmacological, of the optical analysis of the density and the form of cells, as well as associations thereof, and of the pricking out of the adherent cells with a view to cloning same.
2. Description of the Prior Art
At the present time, cell culture on a support medium is carried out in standardized containers such as Petri boxes, multihole boxes, or flasks. The morphological analysis of living cells, generally carried out with a phase contrast reversed microscope, aims at counting the cells, detecting the presence of colonies, studying the spontaneous or provoked differenciation of the cells, or else following the evolution of their form and of their movement by time-lapse cinematography.
These observations are of very great interest in studying the growth and normal or experimental differenciation of cells, in particular for following up the effects of drugs, hormones, toxic products. The use of the present containers involves carrying out phases forming a sequence of dissociated operations, with passage through various devices, such as wet CO2 incubators for storage, lamina flow tanks for renewing the media or for cell handling, reversed microscope coupled or not to an image forming device (video camera or photographic camera).
Several microscope constructors propose thermostat controlled enclosures comprising a reversed microscope.
There exist moreover motor driven plates and image analysis devices.
In 1980 the inventor showed (MIKROSCOPIE) the use of video image analysis, associated with a thermostat controlled enclosure and with motor driven plates, for following up cell kinetics.
Such large volume devices, associating conventional components, may comprise CO2 content regulation, but it is not advisable to create water saturation which would inevitably cause zones of condensation and would be a source of contamination, but more especially of rapid deterioration of the optical systems and of the micro-mechanics. Thus, the rapid evaporation which results therefrom limits the duration of analysis sequences to a few hours and to 48 hours at most.
In addition, the complex forms of the devices included in the enclosure are not appropriate to maintaining sterility.
At the present time, these enclosures which include a microscope allow the evolution of cultures to be followed maintained in the wells of a box, but the analysis of several boxes in a limited time, and all the more so long term analysis, i.e. including operations for changing nutritive medium, are not possible in an automated way.
The inventor has further proposed an original solution for the long term maintenance and analysis of culture boxes of conventional shapes (cf. French patent application No. 84 08839).
When the maintenance, sampling and cell analysis operations are not longterm operations, do not use a very large number of samples and do not present great risks of contamination for man, it is advantageous to design an apparatus strictly adapted and optimized in all its components.
The first aim of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks, in particular in so far as is concerned the limited analysis time, the restricted number of small boxes which can be treated and of the fields of observation which may be determined, as well as the risks of contamination.
Another aim of the invention is to provide an original apparatus which integrates operations which have up to now being dissociated, more particularly in so far as automatic cloning is concerned.
Another aim of the invention is to provide a single and self contained apparatus which is relatively inexpensive and which does not require investment in rooms and specialized equipment.
Another aim of the invention is to approximate optimum conditions by completely eliminating thermal and mechanical shocks, and by providing uniform culture conditions independently of the operator.
Another aim of the invention is to allow the environmental conditions of the cells, including the nutritive medium, to be made dependent, by means of software, on parameters measured frequently or even continuously.
The present invention provides a very compact automatic apparatus for analysing and cloning cellular cultures, as well as for bacteriological analysis, namely an apparatus integrating the phases of maintenance, experimentation of substances particularly pharmacological, optical analysis of the density and of the form, as well as associations thereof, and the sub-culture of cells with a view to cloning same, characterized in that it comprises in combination:
an enclosure with isolating walls, providing homeothermic conditions and certain environmental conditions, particularly in terms of hygrometry, percentage of CO2 and/or others, inside this enclosure, which is divided into two compartments, the first compartment of which is small in volume and contains:
a plate, preferably circular, comprising several microwells disposed in one or more circular concentric rows, the plate and the microwells being made from a transparent material having good optical qualities,
at least one special microscopic observation device, particularly of the phase contrast type,
a device for aspiring/injecting the cellular medium or cells, guaranteeing non contamination;
a motor unit for driving the plate in rotation and vertical and horizontal movements with very accurate positioning in the three directions of movement, whereas the second compartment of the enclosure, which surrounds the first compartment except at the level of the front face of the enclosure, contains a device for regulating the temperature and stirring the hot air and, possibly, a device for sterilizing the first compartment by a flow of filtered laminar air in a closed circuit, known per se, said first and second compartments being separated by a wall, possibly filtering, for allowing the possible laminar flow to circulate between these two compartments, and
a cooling block disposed inside the enclosure thus equipped, containing in particular the reservoirs for supplying the nutritive media and different products.
In an advantageous embodiment of the automatic device of the invention, said plate is provided with a central opening for access of said aspiration/injection device, which is fixed to the upper wall of the first compartment, into a discharge and sterilization well fixed to the lower wall of this compartment.
In another advantageous embodiment of the automatic device in accordance with the invention, said circular plate is placed in a cassette, more especially metallic and substantially square in shape which, when it is equipped with a lid, has a configuration close to that of the Petri box for reducing the risks of contamination and which comprises a central circular recess for housing the plate which, in the rest position, is held in place by support means preferably formed by four balls housed in the wall of said recess and projecting from this latter for snapping into an annular groove formed in the outer wall of the plate, whereas the rotational drive of the plate is formed by a drive roller, projecting from said motor unit, by engagement under the action of appropriate means and by friction in the groove of the plate, an access window of the roller into this groove being formed for this purpose in the middle part, on the same side of the cassette adjacent the motor unit.
In an advantageous arrangement of this embodiment, two of said balls are fixed whereas the other two balls are on a resilient support, more particularly a spring support, the four balls being disposed at the apices of a square inscribed in the circumference defining said circular recess, so that one side of the square, parallel and contiguous to said access window of the drive roller, is defined by the fixed balls, whereas the opposite side of the square is defined by said two balls on the resilient support so that, when the roller engages in said groove, these latter balls only participate in the rotational guiding of the plate, the two fixed balls being freed from the groove thereof;
In another advantageous arrangement of this embodiment said means allowing the drive roller to engage in the groove of the plate are formed by an electromagnet providing the flexible coupling between the opposite metal walls of the drive unit and the cassette.
In another advantageous arrangement of this embodiment, the support cassette is provided with a transparent lid, of good optical quality, fitted to said central opening in the plate and having a radial window for access of said aspiration/injection device into the microwells of the plate.
Also in accordance with the invention, balls disposed on the side walls and on the lower and upper walls of the cassette allow this support cassette to slide freely.
Further in accordance with the invention, said support cassette is sterilizable, as well as the plate and the lid.
In a preferred embodiment of the automatic device of the invention, this latter cooperates with a plurality of plates, each contained in a cassette of said type, so as to store the cassettes in an incubator apart and only to introduce into said first compartment the cassette corresponding to a certain experimental protocol.
In accordance with yet another advantageous embodiment of the automatic device of the invention, said motor unit comprises in combination:
a first stepper motor for rotating said plate which acts on the drive roller through a step down system,
a second stepper motor which ensures the horizontal movement of the plate by acting on a gear system which projects from the motor unit and which acts in its turn on at least one rack fixed to the lower wall of the first compartment, and
a third stepper motor for the unilateral adjustment of the height of the plate, which acts on a micrometric screw disposed laterally with respect to said drive roller and having at its lower end a ball bearing sliding over the lower wall of said first compartment, so as to allow the horizontal movements operated by said second stepper motor.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the automatic device of the invention, said microscopic observation device comprises two preset lens/condenser pairs which are associated together and which are intended to operate alternately, the first and second condensers and the first and second lenses being fixed to the ceiling and the floor, respectively, of the separation wall between said two compartments of the enclosure, which first lens is of low magnification, whereas the second lens provides medium or high magnification depending on the needs, the light being input into the two condensers by means of an optical fiber system.
In an advantageous arrangement of this embodiment, each lens cooperates with a mirror and an image sensor formed by a TV camera or by a CCD strip coupled or not to an automatic image analyser.
According to another advantageous feature of this arrangement, the intermediate mirror, which is interposed between said image sensor and the mirror the furthest away therefrom, is semi-transparent.
In an advantageous variant of this feature, said intermediate mirror is retractable, more especially under the action of an electromagnet system, when the lens/condenser pair the furthest away from the image sensor is activated.
In another advantageous embodiment of the automatic device of the invention, the aspiration/injection device is disposed in a vertical housing formed in the upper wall of the first compartment and cooperates with a device for setting the aspiration/injection nozzle in three positions, formed more especially by a stepper motor or by a telescopic actuating cylinder, for:
in the top position, causing the support cassette as well as the plate to move freely,
in the intermediate position, to aspirate impoverished cellular medium or cells or inject enriched medium or cells into a well of the plate, the possible contact between the tip of the nozzle and the bottom of the well being obtained by the action of said third stepper motor for adjusting the height of the plate, and
in the low position, discharging into said discharge well, fixed to the lower wall of the first compartment, the aspirated impoverished medium, and proceeding to rinsing and sterilization.
In an advantageous arrangement of this embodiment, the aspiration/injection nozzle is provided with a collar projecting from its external wall which, in said low position of the aspiration/injection device, is applied by pressure against the upper edge of said discharge well for providing sealing with respect to the rinsing and sterilizing operations of the external part of the nozzle.
In an advantageous variant of this embodiment, when the device for adjusting the height of the aspiration/injection nozzle is in the intermediate position, this latter is applied, by means of said collar, against the discharge well which is contained in the same housing of the aspiration/injection device, the discharge well being carried for pivoting or sliding below the nozzle thus positioned by any appropriate means, whereas the aspiration/injection operations take place in the low position.
According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the automatic device of the invention, a separate injection device is supported by the sealing collar, integral with the nozzle of said aspiration device and comprises a sterile and hot air intake which creates a column of laminar air about the intake of nutritive medium injected through valves and which prevents the reflux of contaminating particles, namely the risks of backward contamination.
In an advantageous arrangement of this embodiment, the injection device cooperates with a device for controlling the level of the liquid medium injected into each micro-well, comprising an optical fiber carried by said collar and, below each microwell, a diode.
In another advantageous embodiment of the automatic device of the invention, it cooperates with a microprocessor for driving all the devices and controlling all the operations which they must accomplish according to the predetermined experimental protocol and which also provides, if required, data processing.
Besides the above arrangements, the invention comprises still other arrangements which will be clear from the following description.
The invention will be better understood from the complement of description which follows which refers to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematical sectional view of the apparatus of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the cassette of the invention for supporting the plate of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows the detail of the connection between the cassette shown in FIG. 2 and the plate of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the cassette with the plate and its lid and the motor unit of the invention disposed in the compartment with contains them as well as the position of the aspiration/injection and microscopic observation devices also in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 5a also shows a perspective view of the motor unit of the invention;
FIG. 5b shows a sectional and elevational view of the drive motor of FIG. 5, with the drive roller for rotating the plate engaged--in accordance with the invention--in the annular groove of this latter;
FIG. 6 shows the microscopic observation device of the invention;
FIG. 7 shows the injection device coupled to the aspiration device of the invention, and
FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate a variant of the plate in accordance with the invention.
It should however be understood that these drawings and the corresponding descriptive parts are given solely by way of illustration of the subject of the invention of which they form in no wise a limitation.
Enclosure 1 with isolating walls is divided into two compartments;
compartment 3a, which contains a plate 4, a motor unit 5, the microscopic observation device 6 and an aspiration/injection device 7, and
compartment 3b which completely surrounds the preceding one, except at the level of the access door 8 formed in the front face of enclosure 1, these compartments being separated by a metal wall 9 made from steel or an anodized aluminium, for example.
In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, a forced air flow is established between the two compartments 3a and 3b and a filter (not shown) is interposed for retaining the particles and the contamination germs.
The flow of sterile and hot air thus obtained passes through orifices (not shown) which may be formed in the bottom of compartment 3a. This flow may be taken up by orifices (not shown) which communicate with said filter. Plate 4 is made from a transparent material of good optical quality, such as polymethacrylate or glass. With an outer diameter of 25 cm, plate 4 may contain, in its external row, for example 16 microwells each having a diameter of 35 mm or else 48 microwells of 12 mm in diameter.
Plate 4 is advantageously provided with a central opening for access to said aspiration/injection device in a discharge well 10 fixed to the lower wall of the first compartment 3a.
The plate is disposed inside a sterilizable cassette 11, more especially made from metal (cf. FIG. 2), square in shape with rounded angles, which comprises a central circular recess 12 for housing plate 4.
In the rest position, this plate is held in position by support means formed preferably by four balls 21a and 21b, housed in the wall of said recess 12 and projecting therefrom for snapping into an annular groove 13 (cf. FIG. 3) formed in the side wall of plate 4. These four balls are disposed at the apices of a square inscribed in the circumference defining said circular recess 12; the two balls 21a defining the side of the square which is situated close to the motor unit 5 are fixed, whereas the two balls 21b defining the opposite side of this square are connected to a resilient spring support.
The rotational drive for plate 4 is obtained by friction of a drive roller 14 (cf. FIG. 5b) in groove 13 with triangular or trapezoidal profile of plate 4, in which it is engaged under the action of an electromagnet (not shown) which provides the flexible coupling between the opposite metal walls of the motor unit 5 and cassette 11: for this, a window 15 for access of roller 14 into groove 13 is provided in the middle part of the side of cassette 11 adjacent the motor unit 5. During such coupling, the engagement of the drive roller 14 in groove 13 of plate 4 pushes this latter against the two support balls 21b which are disposed opposite window 15 and on each side of the transverse axis of this latter and thus participate also in the rotational guiding of the plate, whereas the two fixed support balls 21a are freed from groove 13.
Cassette 11 is provided with a transparent lid 16 of good optical quality, fitted to said central opening in plate 4 for access of the aspiration/injection device into said discharge well 10.
This lid 16 is provided with a radial window 17 for access of this aspiration/injection device into the microwells formed in plate 4 and aligned radially.
It will be readily understood that a plurality of cassettes 11 may be provided, each comprising its own plate 4, so as to facilitate storage, particularly in a separate incubator, and so as to introduce into the first compartment 3a, through the isotherm door 8 for closing the front face of enclosure 1, only the cassette corresponding to the predetermined experimental protocol or the desired cassette.
In any case, the advantage arising from the possibility of reusing each plate after a first use should also be taken into account.
Cassette 11 slides inside compartment 3a by means of balls 20 disposed on the lower wall of the cassette, as well as on its side and upper walls. FIG. 4 shows, in perspective, the configuration of compartment 3 which is designed so as to make the horizontal movements of cassette 11, with its plate 4, possible with the help of the motor unit 5, as is described further on: this FIG. 4 shows the side and lower walls of compartment 3a, the upper wall being removed for clarity of the drawing and so as to show the compartments which are contained therein; however, in this FIG. 4 can also be seen the position of the aspiration/injection device 7 and of the optical device 6 which are fixed to the upper wall of compartment 3a.
Roller 14 is actuated by a stepper motor 22 (cf. FIG. 5b) through a step down system 22a. The accuracy in the rotational positioning of plate 4 is of the order of 10 μm, i.e. of the order of the size of the cell. The frequency of motor 22 is, for example, of the order of 500 Hz and the speed of rotation of plate 4 is about 5 mm.s-1, i.e. a complete rotation in two minutes 30 seconds. Rotation is possible in both directions.
It is sometimes necessary to vary the height of plate 4, for example for placing the needle 23 of the aspiration device 7 in contact with the cells 24 adhering to the bottom of the microwell 25 or, also, for perfecting the optical focusing knowing that the microscopic device (cf. FIG. 6) is fixed and preset. In these cases, the amplitude of the vertical movements is at most two millimeters: for this, a stepper motor 26 can be used for unilateral adjustment of the height of plate 4, which acts on a micrometric screw 27 disposed laterally with respect to said drive roller 14 and having at its lower end a ball bearing 29 sliding over the internal floor 35 separating said two compartments 3a and 3b.
Similarly, another stepper motor 30 is provided for the horizontal movements.
These three motors are connected together and form said motor unit 5.
For obtaining the horizontal movement of plate 4, taken between the drive roller 14 and balls 21b in abutting engagement, the stepper motor 30 is caused to act on a gear (not shown) projecting from the motor unit 5 and acting in its turn on a rack 18 fixed to the lower wall of housing 19 in which the motor unit 5 moves while sliding with an easy fit against the side walls of this housing 19. A recess 32 is formed in the inner part of the motor unit 5. Balls 31 also provide sliding against the upper face of housing 19.
Advantageously, the three motors 22, 26 and 30 of the motor unit 5 are of the sealed type so as to withstand the humidity which reigns in the first compartment 3a.
With the motor unit 5 of the invention, different types of sweep of the microwells 25 are possible, for example:
a sweep following a continuous plot with low magnification, or
a sweep following a continuous plot with high magnification, or else
a sweep following any zigzag plot.
Whereas the continuous sweeps allow densitometric profiles to be obtained, the zigzag sweeps consist of a succession of analyses of random preprogrammed fields or corresponding to individual locations.
It will be readily understood that the very principle of the automatic device allows the microwells to be automatically located by the alternation of dark zones in the densitometric profiles obtained in accordance with the plot chosen for sweeping the microwells: thus, precise resetting may be made in the case of a program error or in the case of a momentary breakdown. Furthermore, the zero of the measurements may be adjusted by darkening the bottom of a microwell or by placing optical marks.
The optical analysis of the cells contained in the microwells 25 and adhering to the bottom thereof is provided by preset lens/condenser pairs with phase contrast.
In a large number of applications, a single lens/condenser pair is required. In the example chosen, two pairs are associated and placed tangentially with respect to the circular access passing through the middle points of the microwells of the row to be analyzed, as shown in FIG. 4. Lens 33 with low magnification (10�) is placed in alignment with a condenser 34 which contains the corresponding rings 36 and 37. The arrival of light into the condensers is provided by an optical fiber system 38. Similarly, the medium or high magnification lens (32� or 50�) is in alignment with the condenser 40.
The two pairs 33-34 and 39-40 operate alternately. When the observation is to be made with low magnification with lens 33, an external prism (not shown) sends a light beam onto the corresponding optical fiber. The focal plane corresponds to the bottom of the microwell 25. The focusing may be modified, as explained above, by the vertical movements of plate 4. On leaving lens 33, the image is reflected by a mirror 41 to the television camera CT placed either in compartment 3b, or outside while extending the light guide g. In passing, the light rays pass through the semi-transparent mirror 42. For high magnification observation of the same cellular field, roller 14 causes plate 4 to rotate by an amount equivalent to an angular sector corresponding to the fixed pitch. With said tangential arrangement of the optical pairs, one, two or three pairs, even more, may be readily aligned and an observation device of great versatility is provided since it is not necessary to rotate the turret of a microscope for changing magnification.
Instead of using a semi-transparent intermediate mirror 42, a mirror (not shown) may be advantageously used which is retractable, more especially under the action of an electromagnet system, when the lens/condenser pair 33-34 is activated.
The optical analysis may take place visually without a camera, or with a TV camera, or with a CCD strip, or automatically by means of an image analyzer coupled to any of these image sensors.
The optical observation device 6, as well as the camera CD, are disposed outside the first compartment 3a which may be made humid without disadvantages, while protecting the condensers and the lenses by means of glass plates (not shown) embedded in the ceiling and the floor of compartment 3a at the level of the openings formed in these walls in correspondance with the position of said condensers and lenses; for this, it should be noted that the small volume of this compartment 3a provides automatic and constant humidification by evaporation of the cellular medium contained in the microwells 25.
The aspiration device 7 is of the type described in said French patent application No. 84 08839, and is formed of a piston system comprising a stepper motor and a step down system, contained in unit 43, which step down system acts on a piston contained in a cylinder 44.
The aspiration/injection device 7 is disposed in a vertical housing 45 (cf. FIGS. 1 and 4), formed in the upper wall of the first compartment 3a, and cooperates with a device 46 for adjusting the height of nozzle 47 to three positions. This device 46 may be formed by a stepper motor or by an actuating cylinder of telescopic type and allows the following operations to be carried out:
in the top position, to cause said support cassette 11 and its plate 4 to move freely;
in the intermediate position, to provide aspiration or injection, and
in the low position, to remove from the discharge well the aspirated product or products.
The discharge operation may be advantageously followed by an operation for rinsing and sterilizing the external surface of nozzle 47; for this, this latter is provided with a collar 48 which allows it to be applied, in the low position, on the discharge well 10 fixed to the low wall of compartment 3a.
In some cases, it may be advantageous to mount the discharge well in housing 45 which contains the aspiration/injection device 7 and to dispose it below nozzle 47, by pivoting or sliding, by means of any means appropriate for this purpose, when this end piece is in the intermediate position, whereas the aspiration/injection operations take place in the low position; this variant is advantageous because it reduces the movements of cassette 11 which are required when the well is fixed to the bottom of compartment 3a, whenever it is desired to discharge the product or products for aligning the central opening of plate 4 with the aspiration/injection device and the discharge well.
When nozzle 47, which is made from metal, glass or a plastic material (transparent or not), and which is both a reservoir and a needle, comes into position above a housing 25, it is lowered by device 46 which is in an intermediate position (or low position) in the preceding variant. The end of the nozzle stops at about 2 mm from the bottom of housing 25.
Aspiration takes place by retraction of piston 49 (cf. FIG. 7) which sucks the membrane 50 through space 51 which, depending on the type of manipulation, may be filled with air or an inert liquid such as water or oil. The variation of space 51 allows the aspiration to be adjusted and to be made more or less energetic. The depression thus created by membrane 50 is transmitted to space 52 and sucks up the liquid contained in the micro-well 25. When the discharge well 10 is formed in the lower wall of compartment 3a, cassette 11 is moved horizontally for aligning the central opening in plate 4 with nozzle 47 and well 10. The device 46 is then brought to a low position and collar 48 is applied against the upper surface of well 10 for providing sealing. Piston 49 is then pushed back for driving out the liquid contained in 52. Through the connection 53 sterile distilled water is injected for cleaning the inside of the nozzle. Perforations 54 placed inside well 10 allow water to be injected for cleaning the outside of nozzle 46. This rinsing may be more energetic and use steam, alcohol etc . . .
After discharge and rinsing, device 46 is brought to the top position for allowing cassette 11 and plate 4 to move freely.
It will be readily understood that it is possible, using this device, to take variable amounts of liquid and replace them in microwells after having rotated plate 4. To avoid gas losses and to maintain stable conditions in compartment 3a, a valve (not shown) may close the base of well 10 and be opened through the very action of nozzle 47, of appropriate length. The shape of the end of the nozzle is bevelled. The outer diameter is about 2 mm and the central duct about 0.05 mm. By raising the plate 4 to the top position by means of said motor unit 5, the nozzle 47 and the cellular culture are brought into contact. Very reduced reciprocal movement of the plate allows the cells to be separated and to be aspirated with a view to their analysis and especially to the subculture thereof in free microwells.
FIG. 7 also shows how a collar 48a, of a special shape, fitted onto nozzle 47 and bonded, supports an injection device 55 separate from said aspiration device (which may in fact also be used for injection). It comprises a sterile and hot air intake 56 taken after the fan of compartment 3b. An intake 57 is provided for the injection of nutritive liquid. The air duct concentric with base 57 avoids the reflux of contaminating particles. An optical fiber 58 illuminates the microwell 25 with infrared and a diode 60 measures the light transmitted, which allows the level to be controlled. An isolating pipe 59 avoids condensation on the cold pipe which arrives at base 57.
After aspiration of the nutritive medium and before discharge thereof into well 10, the new liquids contained in the reservoir cooled by the cooled enclosure 2 (cf. FIG. 1) flow directly when constricting valves 61 (cf. FIG. 1), placed under the reservoir, open. The jet is directed against nozzle 47, which provides rinsing and avoids direct impact of the jet against the cells contained at the bottom of the microwell 25. The flow from the flask is stopped when the signal arriving at the reception diode 56 indicates a certain value which, in reality, takes into account the initial value before aspiration, the value after aspiration, then the evolution of the measurements during filling. The draining and cleaning sequence takes place as described above.
In so far as the main applications of the automatic device of the invention are concerned, they relate to:
cloning: in this case, plate 4 is disposed in cassette 11 after having seeded a single microwell 25; from the identification of the colonies, subcultures are formed and the other microwells of the plate are progressively supplied by means of said aspiration/injection device;
the analysis of the action of toxic, pharmacological or other substances: the high speed of the system of the invention allows measurements to be taken at very close intervals (of the number, of the form, of the cellular kinetics, etc . . . ), and
analysis of bacteria by colorimetric reactions.
FIGS. 8 and 9 refer to a variant 70 of the above described plate which is suitable for certain applications among which may be mentioned--and this in a way which is non limitative--airborne biological experiments, namely in the presence of an environment with microgravity or a total absence of gravity (however, some experiments on Earth are also capable of being carried out by using the variant of the micro-well plate shown schematically in FIGS. 8 and 9).
In accordance with this variant, plate 70 comprises closed variable volume microwells and access of the aspiration/injection device into the inside of each microwell is provided by means of inserts 61, made more particularly from silicon elastomer, which are preperforated or perforable for passing therethrough a conventional type and more particularly metal syringe 67 which may be sterilized by heating, in particularly by means of an electric resistance incorporated in its piston (or in its cylindrical wall) or by IR heating or any equivalent means. The inserts 61 are offcentered with respect to the axis of each microwell.
FIG. 8 shows schematically a first embodiment of the variable volume micro-wells, in which the microwells are formed by microbubbles 62 substantially in the form of a spherical skull cap, which are defined by a transparent membrane 63 which is bonded to the upper face of the bottom 71 of plate 70 about each micro-bubble. In this case, the microscopic observation is made from the side of bottom 71.
FIG. 9 also shows schematically a variant of the variable volume microwells which are defined by micro-bellows 64, also made from a resilient and transparent material, which are bonded to the upper face of plate 70 about an annular collar 65 formed at the level of the lower edge of each of the micro-bellows 64, these latter being advantageously closed by transparent covers 66 having good optical qualities, which in this case allows microscopic observation to be made from the side of the micro-wells.
In some applications, the micro-bubbles and the micro-bellows may be advantageously made from a material allowing gas exchanges, namely permeable to gases.
As is clear from what has gone before, the invention is in no wise limited to those of its embodiments and modes of application which have just been described more explicitly; it embraces, on the contrary, all variants thereof which may occur to a technician skilled in the matter, without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention.
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|Jul 2, 1985
Owner name: INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE M
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BISCONTE, JEAN-CLAUDE;REEL/FRAME:004427/0269
Effective date: 19850606
|Feb 26, 1988
Owner name: BISCONTE, JEAN-CLAUDE, 4, RUE HENRI-MURGER, F-7501
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE - INSERM;REEL/FRAME:004834/0988
Effective date: 19880211
Owner name: BISCONTE, JEAN-CLAUDE, FRANCE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE- INSERM;REEL/FRAME:004834/0988
Effective date: 19880211
|Nov 28, 1989
|Certificate of correction
|Aug 25, 1992
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jan 24, 1993
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Apr 6, 1993
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19930124


text:
Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2008 APS April Meeting and HEDP/HEDLA Meeting
Volume 53, Number 5
Friday–Tuesday, April 11–15, 2008; St. Louis, Missouri
Session T7: Excellence in Physics Education Award Session
3:30 PM–5:18 PM, Monday, April 14, 2008
Hyatt Regency St. Louis Riverfront (formerly Adam's Mark Hotel), Room: Rose Garden
Sponsoring Unit: FEd
Chair: Leo Kadanoff, APS Past-President, University of Chicago
Abstract ID: BAPS.2008.APR.T7.3
Abstract: T7.00003 : The impact of the Washington Physics Education Group on the teaching and learning of introductory physics
Preview Abstract MathJax On | Off Abstract
Gary Gladding
(University of Illinois)
The Washington Physics Education Group has had a significant impact on physics instruction through their development of research-based instructional materials. I will focus on the use of their \textit{Tutorials in Introductory Physics} in introductory college-level physics classes. These tutorials are designed to target the very real conceptual difficulties that these students have with classical physics topics. I will describe the design and implementation of these materials and discuss student performance data from a variety of institutions.
To cite this abstract, use the following reference: http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2008.APR.T7.3
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text:
STACEY Newkirk-Smalls, the Tacony mother charged with the May 2012 murders of her 18-month-old twins, Adam and Eve, was convicted yesterday and sentenced to life in prison without parole.
The verdict and sentence were handed down by Common Pleas Judge Jeffrey Minehart following a one-day nonjury trial.
Newkirk-Smalls, 42, was convicted of third-degree murder in both deaths. Minehart sentenced her to 20 to 40 years in prison for one murder and to life for the other because having two murder convictions automatically triggers a life sentence under state law.
Police and prosecutors said that on May 24, 2012, Newkirk-Smalls poisoned both twins before drowning one and suffocating the other at the Ditman Street home she shared with her husband, who worked as a city correctional officer at the time.


text:
Citing sarin use, U.S. seeks Congress' OK for action
By BRADLEY KLAPPER
Associated Press
WASHINGTON — The Obama administration geared up for the biggest foreign policy vote since the Iraq war by arguing Sunday that new physical evidence shows the Syrian government used sarin gas in a deadly August attack. With its credibility on the line, the United States must respond, the country's top diplomat said.
Members of Congress, deadlocked on just about everything these days and still on summer break, expressed sharply divergent opinions about whether to give President Barack Obama the go-ahead he requested to retaliate with military force against the Assad regime, and what turning down the commander in chief could mean for America's reputation.
Presenting Obama's case for military action, Secretary of State John Kerry gave a series of interviews on Sunday news shows outlining the latest information the administration has received about the Aug. 21 attack in the Damascus suburbs that the U.S. says killed 1,429 civilians, including more than 400 children. He said samples collected by first responders added to the growing body of proof that Syria's government launched a chemical weapons attack.
"Samples of hair and blood have been tested and they have reported positive for signatures of sarin," Kerry said. "Each day that goes by, this case is even stronger. We know that the regime ordered this attack. We know they prepared for it. We know where the rockets came from. We know where they landed. We know the damage that was done afterwards."
Sarin, which affects the nervous system and is toxic in liquid or gas form, can be delivered in missiles, bombs, rockets or artillery shells. The gas is outlawed under international rules of warfare. The reference to hair and blood samples were the first pieces of specific physiological evidence cited by any member of the administration, which previously spoke only about an unnamed nerve agent.
Kerry's assertion coincided with the beginning of a forceful administration appeal for congressional support, now that Obama has declared he will await approval from the House and Senate before ordering any cruise missile strikes or other action.
On Capitol Hill, senior administration officials briefed lawmakers in private to explain why the U.S. is compelled to act against President Bashar Assad's government. Obama, Vice President Joe Biden and White House Chief of Staff Denis McDonough also made calls to individual lawmakers. Further classified meetings were planned over the next three days.
Sen. John McCain of Arizona, a leading Senate hawk and the candidate Obama defeated for the presidency in 2008, said he'd discuss Syria with the president at the White House today.
Obama must convince skeptical Americans and their representatives in Congress of the need for more U.S. military action in the Muslim world after a decade of war in Iraq and Afghanistan.
He also is trying to assemble an international coalition, but finding it hard to land partners. They fear becoming involved in a conflict that has claimed more than 100,000 lives in the past 2½ years and dragged in terrorist groups on both sides of the battlefield.
Only France is firmly on board among the major military powers. Britain's Parliament rejected the use of force in a vote last week.
The United Nations on Sunday asked the head of its chemical weapons inspection team to expedite the analysis of tests from samples it collected from Syria last week.
Assad's government, which has denied allegations of chemical weapons use, reveled in Obama's decision to defer any immediate action. Deputy Foreign Minister Faysal Mikdad claimed that the move reflected the lack of evidence of government culpability.
With Navy ships on standby in the eastern Mediterranean sea ready to launch missiles, Congress began a series of meetings that will take place over the next several days in preparation for a vote once lawmakers return from summer break, which is scheduled to end Sept. 9.
Dozens of members attended the two-hour classified briefing Sunday in the Capitol, though many emerged saying they needed to see more details of Obama's plan and more facts about the alleged chemical weapons attack. Many feared giving Obama overly broad authority for military action.
On selling the strategy to Congress, Rep. Rep. Bennie G. Thompson, the senior Democrat on the House Homeland Security Committee, said, "They have a ways to go."
"They also have work to do with respect to shoring up the facts of what happened," Thompson said.
The Senate Foreign Relations Committee plans a meeting Tuesday, according to its chairman, Sen. Bob Menendez, D-N.J. The Senate Armed Service Committee will gather a day later, said Oklahoma Sen. Jim Inhofe, the top Republican on the panel.
Kerry confidently predicted that lawmakers would back limited military strikes.
"The stakes are just really too high here," he said.
Kerry was asked repeatedly in the broadcast interviews what Obama would do if Congress didn't give its consent. He said he believed lawmakers would recognize the grave implications for letting a chemical weapons attack go unchecked and what that might mean for U.S. efforts to force North Korea to get rid of its nuclear weapons and prevent Iran from acquiring such capability.
"We are not going to lose this vote," Kerry said. "The credibility of the United States is on the line."
Obama is likely to find stronger support in the Democrat-controlled Senate than the GOP-dominated House, yet faces complicated battles in each. Some anti-war Democrats and many tea party-backed Republicans are opposed to any intervention at all, while hawks in both parties, such as McCain, feel the president must do far more to help Syria's rebels oust Assad from power.
"It can't just be, in my view, pinprick cruise missiles," McCain told CBS' "Face the Nation."
In an interview with an Israeli television network, McCain said Obama has "encouraged our enemies" by effectively punting his decision to Congress. He and fellow Republican Sen. Lindsey Graham of South Carolina have threatened to vote against Obama's authorization if it is too limited.
On the other end of the spectrum, an unusual coalition of foreign policy isolationists, fiscal conservatives and anti-interventionists in both parties opposes even limited action for fear that might draw the United States into another costly and even bloody confrontation.
The White House request to Congress late Saturday speaks only of force to "deter, disrupt, prevent and degrade" the Assad regime's ability to use chemical weapons.
"I think it's a mistake to get involved in the Syrian civil war," said Sen. Rand Paul, R-Ky.
Echoing that sentiment, Sen. Chris Murphy, D-Conn., questioned, "Does a U.S. attack make the situation better for the Syrian people or worse?"
Paul expected the Senate to "rubber-stamp" Obama's plan, while he said it was "at least 50/50 whether the House will vote down involvement in the Syrian war." Inhofe predicted defeat for the president.
Despite the intense gridlock in Congress over debt reduction, health care, immigration and other issues, some lawmakers were more optimistic about the chances of consensus when it came to a question of national security.
Rep. Peter King, R-N.Y., who criticized Obama for not proceeding immediately against Assad, said he'd vote "yes" and believed the president should be able to build a House majority over the next several days.
"At the end of the day, Congress will rise to the occasion," added Rep. Mike Rogers, R-Mich. "This isn't about Barack Obama versus the Congress. This isn't about Republicans versus Democrats. This has a very important worldwide reach."
Sen. Tim Kaine, D-Va., said Congress and the American people would support action once Obama finishes making his case. Sen. Saxby Chambliss, R-Ga., said if Obama doesn't do that, he won't get his authorization.
"He's got to come out and really be in-depth with respect to the intelligence that we know is out there," said Chambliss, the top Republican on the Senate Intelligence Committee. "He's got to be in-depth with respect to what type of military action is going to be taken and what is our current strategy."
At the Capitol, Sen. Jeff Sessions, R-Ala., said Obama's proposed resolution needed tightening. "I don't think Congress is going to accept it as it is," he said.
In his TV interviews, Kerry reiterated Obama's oft-repeated promise not to send any American troops into Syrian territory.
Polls show significant opposition among Americans to involvement, and several lawmakers have cited the faulty intelligence about weapons of mass destruction that led up to President George W. Bush's 2003 Iraq invasion as justification of the need for lengthy debate before U.S. military action.
Kerry, who voted to authorize Bush's 2003 Iraq invasion but then opposed it in his unsuccessful presidential bid a year later, rejected any comparisons to America's recent wars.
"This is not Iraq. This is not Afghanistan. There is nothing similar in what the president is contemplating," Kerry said. "There are others who are willing to fight, others who are engaged. And the issue here is not whether we will go and do it with them, it's whether we will support them adequately in their efforts to do it."
Kerry appeared on CBS, NBC's "Meet the Press," CNN's "State of the Union," "Fox News Sunday" and ABC's "This Week." Paul was on NBC, Rogers and Murphy were on CNN, King and Inhofe were on Fox, and Chambliss and Kaine were on CBS.
Associated Press writer Laurie Kellman in Washington contributed to this report.
U.S. assessment on Syria: http://apne.ws/14etnyn
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Hazel Beaugh Benoit
RAYNE - Funeral services were held at St. Joseph Catholic Church, Saturday, February 6, 2010 at 1 p.m. for Hazel Beaugh Benoit, 83 who died Thursday, February 4, 2010.
Interment was at the St. Joseph Cemetery #2 in Rayne.
Surviving are her husband, Wilton Benoit; two sons, Dr. Larry Benoit and wife Victoria Lundington of Lafayette, and Michael B. Benoit and wife Linda Edwards of Rayne; two daughters, Christine Benoit Melancon of Rayne and Ellen Benoit Dailey and husband Clayton of Rayne; one brother, Charles Beaugh, Jr. and wife Eva Gonzales of Lake Charles; eleven grandchildren; and eleven great-grandchildren.
She was preceded in death by her infant daughter Mary Beth Benoit.
She was born Friday, February 26, 1926 in Branch, the daughter of the late Charlie Beaugh, Sr. and the late Dora Thibodeaux.
Friends were received from 9 a.m. until the time of service on Saturday, February 6, 2010 at Gossen Funeral Home, Inc., Rayne.
The family would like to thank her devoted caregiver, Heart of Hospice, as well as Dr. Leo Dealvere and his staff.
Friends may view the obituary and guestbook online at www.gossenfuneralhome.net.
Arrangements have been entrusted to Gossen Funeral Home, Inc. of Rayne, (337) 334-3141.


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Prospective Students
Mission Statement
The Program in Genetics is the main interdisciplinary PhD program in the Natural Sciences at Texas A&M University and offers research opportunities in a diverse range of Specialties: Bioinformatics and Genomics; Conservation and Population Genetics; Medical Genetics; Microbial Genetics; Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Genetics; and Plant Genetics. The goal of the Program is to provide research opportunities to aspiring research scientists in these various fields for successful careers in academia and industry. Completion of the Ph.D. degree requires core curriculum coursework, passing of the preliminary examinations, the development, completion and defense of a research project and teaching. Generally, 4 to 5 years of study is required to complete 96 semester hours with a GPR of 3.0 or higher. The Ph.D. degree is awarded principally on demonstrated ability to conduct significant and original scientific research.
Admission is based on undergraduate record (coursework, laboratory experience, and grades), letters of recommendation, and performance on the GRE and TOEFL exams. Coursework in general genetics, molecular genetics and biochemistry are essential. Applicants whose native language is not English should plan to take the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). To be eligible for an invitation to our annual recruiting weekend held in February, domestic applications must be submitted by December 20. Early application is recommended.
Genetics Faculty
The Faculty of Genetics is composed of more than 70 members from 19 departments across 5 colleges. Students benefit from faculty members' different scientific background and broad knowledge in diverse genetic sub genres, both in the classroom and research laboratory setting.
Our goal is for students to succeed at Texas A&M. The genetics program is designed to support students throughout their graduate studies. Orientation introduces new students to university policies, employee benefits, teaching and laboratory safety. Students will meet with the faculty to discuss which courses to select based on interest, undergraduate background, or to address any academic deficiencies. Faculty talks acquaint students with the faculty and their research. Socials gatherings allow for opportunities to visit and interact with faculty members outside the university environment. During their three laboratory rotations, the students meet regularly with their advisory committee during the first year to evaluate their progress and help in the identification and transition into a suitable laboratory environment for their graduate research. Students will select a thesis committee after the first year that will provide continued mentorship throughout graduate school. Our genetics graduate student association also fosters interaction among students.
Curriculum and Graduation Timeline
In the first year, the students perform laboratory rotations, start their graduate courses, provide teaching assistance to Undergraduates in Genetics, and transition into a laboratory. The laboratory rotations provide an opportunity to evaluate suitable laboratory environments for their graduate research. It is anticipated that most students have decided on a research laboratory by the start of the second semester.
During the second and third semesters, the main activity is focused on getting a research project started, with the assistance of the thesis advisor and three Genetics faculty that will form the thesis committee. This period is also the time when students will prepare for their preliminary examination, to be taken after the second, but before the end of the third year. The third, fourth and fifth year are dedicated to continuing and completing the thesis project, presenting data at conferences and publish the work, followed by the thesis defense.
Financial Support
First-year graduate students are supported with the equivalent of a $24,500 annual stipend. Compensation includes a 9-month teaching assistant position in the undergraduate genetics laboratory course, medical insurance benefits, eligibility for in-state tuition, and paid tuition and fees. After the first 9-months in the program, the stipend for the students becomes the responsibility of the graduate advisor. As part of the training process, all students are expected to apply for graduate research fellowships available from a range of sources, including Texas A&M, the federal government (NSF and NIH), and private foundations.
Our students are expected to present their research at national and international conferences and publish in established, high-impact peer-reviewed journals, and their teaching experience provides an additional valuable asset for future job opportunities. Our PhD graduates have been successful in obtaining faculty positions in top research Universities, teaching colleges, as well as companies in the fields of biotechnology, pharmaceuticals and agriculture.


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Web design for jobs searching website
This project received 41 bids from talented freelancers with an average bid price of $704 USD.Get free quotes for a project like this
Skills Required
Project BudgetN/A
Total Bids41
Project Description
It is necessary to create innovative, simple and beautiful design for website for searching jobs. The website is being programmed on drupal. I need the young, innovative, hard working, not thinking about money, but about the results of their work designers or team of them., with whim I want to work together in future as well.
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A + Peri Peri Chicken Wings
Total Time
Prep 15 mins
Cook 10 mins
I was in a wing cook-off and I did come in 2 nd place with this sauce, could of been in 1st but there were not enough ballots for others to vote! The sauce can be made as mild as you want or turn up the heat scale (Scoville Units) by adding more hot peppers. Any type from Jalapeno to Scotch Bonnets. This just might be the best wing sauce for taste. It is mild at the beginning then there is a shot of a little heat!
Ingredients Nutrition
- 2267.96 g chicken wings
- 236.59 ml soy sauce
- 28.39 ml fresh jalapeno pepper
- 59.14 ml chili powder
- 59.14 ml teriyaki sauce
- 2 garlic cloves, minced
- 44.37 ml brown sugar
- 14.79 ml honey
- 59.14 ml orange marmalade
- 2.46 ml cayenne pepper
- Cook your wings your favorite way, whether it be on the grill, baked in the oven or deep fried!
- Mix all the ingredients in a sauce pot, bring to a boil! Reduce the heat to simmer for 10-15 minutes. Remove from heat and let cool. In a large bowl put the wings in first making sure your wings are hot off the cooking method that you used. Add the sauce to the wings mixing very well in the sauce. Serve with Blue Cheese, Ranch, cole slaw or you favorite side! Enjoy.
Most Helpful
Made this and found it very tasty! I was a little worried about the chili powder amount but it seems to work right for this recipe. Hot and spicy with a tang - this is NOT your 'AVERAGE JOE' kind of wing sauce! Thanks Timothy for another great recipe. Made for FALL 2008 PAC.
Wonderful sauce - Peri Peri is our favourite. We live in Portugal 6 months of the year and that is where we were introduced to it because it is used extensively. Thanks for submitting. Not many people in this part of Canada are familiar with it.


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The Crane Startles Kunlun, Chapter 17, Part 8.
from Wang Dulu's He Jing Kunlun.
Jiang Xiaohe did not have it in him to respond to Bao Zhenfei. He simply wept and looked at the mournful and tender Aluan, whom he was supporting in his arms. Aluan was now only moaning, unable to put words together. Tears hung from her two eyes, barely open as they gazed at Jiang Xiaohe. Jiang Xiaohe carried the half-dead Aluan in through the temple gates.


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(Français) Invention et design d'installations pédagogiques autour du rock et des métiers de la scène
Permanent interactive exhibition for the Musée de l'air et de l'espace, Bourget Airport
Permanent interactive exhibition for the Cité des sciences et de l'industrie, Paris
The designers of atelier [jes] are working on a large range of projects : they invent interactive devices, and they conceive and produce reliable products and furniture, with the care of confort, durability, aesthetic, and economy of resources and manufacture.
Sorry, this entry is only available in Français.
Johan Brunel has been selected to be a "pensionnaire" at the "académie de France à Rome", as designer, for the year 2015/2016.
He will work on contemporary relations towards water in Roma, and question the heritage of the Dolce Vita and the luxuriance of the Roman fountains, in a world context of increasing lack of water.
Sorry, this entry is only available in Français.


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Social Development Commission to hold election Friday for open seat
Milwaukee's Social Development Commission will hold a special election Friday to fill the vacancy for a resident representative in District 1 on the north side of the county, but there are no candidates.
Because there are no official candidates on the ballot, the write-in candidate who gets the most votes will win a seat on the 18-member board that governs the anti-poverty agency.
The resident representative seat was left vacant when Kris McHenry resigned from the board shortly after her election to take a job with U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson (R-Wis.).
Because there are three years left in the term, the board decided to hold a special election.
To appear on the ballot, a candidate must submit a petition signed by 200 residents of the district. One candidate, Sequanna Taylor, returned a petition but it didn't have the needed number of signatures, according to Dale Shuster, speaking for the commission.
Five other residents took out materials but failed to return them. Those residents are Nancy Ragnel, Doug Glasenapp, Donna Shepard, Camille Gray and Deman O'Meara.
Voting will be from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. at the Silver Spring Neighborhood Center, 5460 N. 64th St.
To vote a person must live in the district and present one form of identification, such as a driver's license, Wisconsin ID card, or proof of residency such a utility bill.
Employees of the SDC are not eligible to run.


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If Jason Terry didn't see the replays on television that night, he saw them in his head in the days and weeks that followed. It was the final moments of Boston's late-game loss to Chicago last month, a game in which Bulls guard Marco Belinelli came up with a loose ball and scored over Terry for the game-winner.
Terry Makes Good on Second Chance vs. Bulls' Belinelli
From CSNNE.com
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Greg M. Cooper-USA TODAY Sports


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More traffic to our business site - http://ghewareunigps.in
This project was awarded to globalwebindia for $20 USD.Get free quotes for a project like this
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Project Budget$10 - $30 USD
Total Bids6
Project Description
We need to build twitter following for our business site: [url removed, login to view] We expect to have 1000 twitter fans in a month to our site. Our twitter url is - [url removed, login to view]
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Questions regarding Stevenson's intent to hold or relinquish the position have been asked ever since she was first elected in November of 2012. She said that she's remaining fully committed to her position as a city councilor and plans to finish out her term in full.
Stevenson sent the following statement. "I strongly believe that voters deserve to elect their new Councilors, not to have them appointed by what is considered a 'lame duck council' before the General election in November." She went on to say it's not uncommon for the legislators in Idaho to serve as local elected officials, because serving as a legislator is a part time position. Stevenson's city council position term ends this fall after the general election. Until then Stevenson plans to take part in the meetings by telephone.
Thyra Stevenson's full statement:
Thyra Stevenson
Lewiston, ID 83501
It has been an honor to serve as Lewiston City Councilor. Councilors Ohrtman, Cannon, Poole, and I were elected in 2009 with terms ending after this fall's general election.
I am committed to fulfilling my campaign obligation to the constituents and voters of the City by completing the term to which I was elected. I expect to retire upon certification of new Councilors in November. Further, I am grateful to voters for their encouragement and overwhelming support of this decision.
We have an interesting but not unprecedented condition in that the completion of my City Council term overlaps by a few months with my election as your Idaho State Representative.
During the remaining month and a half of the Legislative Session I am able to telecommute (at no cost to the City or the State) to Council meetings when necessary, with full access to all agendas, minutes, and documents.
As we are part-time Legislators in Idaho, it is not unusual to have Mayors, Commissioners, Councilors, elected officials, and City employees serving as Legislators. Locally, we have examples such as former Representative/City Councilor Twila Hornbeck in Grangeville, former Representative/Lewiston Firefighter Mike Naccarato, and current State Senator/Lewiston Solid Waste Manager Dan Johnson.
I strongly believe that voters deserve to elect their new Councilors, not to have them appointed by what is considered a 'lame duck council' before the General election in November.
Note: Filing for four of the City Council positions begins August 26th. There is also a Feb. 12th workshop on how to become a City Councilor, sponsored by the League of Women Voters. Contact the Lewiston City Clerk for details.
I respectfully remain your Councilor, with open office hours April through the end of November.