text:
Dear Sir,
I cheated with a COCA COLA UK Fraud Lottery Scam Rs.130000/-.
I received a Phone call, text message, and one email on my mobile phone no.9937665704
on february 2011 that you are the Mobile Lucky drawer from Coca Cola company UK.
So, they informed me on email, your parcel will reach at Delhi Airport, our repv. will cleared it and custom charges paid by you.
Now, they are not given any parcel as prize or returned my deposited amount.
So, what shall I do. Kindly help me.
I have all mobile messages, emai messages and deposited amount slips.
Hope, you will reply me, with a green signal.
my mobile no. 9937665704


text:
Lakai | Howard Select Mid
28 March 2009, 21.06 | Posted in Pro Models, Skateboarding, Sneakers, special editions | 1 comment »
Lakai has dropped another banger as part of their limited Crailtap series, the Howard Select Mid. Rick Howard's pro-model, the Select Mid comes in a chill grey suede with Crailtap green and pink accents. It also has a photo-printed footbed and the phrase "Ring Ring, It's Me" on the back. Some more looks after the jump. Via ctothejl.
Related posts:

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Urogesic One of the first things you will notice about your Puggle puppy is that his/her behaviors are not fully developed. Urogesic This means that what he/she learns in the first few months in your care is critical to their overall development. Urogesic Therefore, urogesic you need to know how to encourage acceptable behavior so your puppy knows his/her place in your family. Urogesic Encouragement is harnessed through training, urogesic socialization, urogesic and - believe it or not - exercise.
Urogesic That's right, urogesic providing your dog with sufficient exercise actually helps you gain control over your pet, urogesic and makes the teaching process all the more tolerable. Urogesic It has been found that dogs that are not provided the ideal amount of exercise recommended for their breed are prone to destructive behaviors such as destroying property and digging. Urogesic Dogs were not bred to be idle and will find other ways to release their energy if you don't provide them with a positive outlet.
Urogesic A Puggle puppy that has been allowed to release their energy on a regular basis will be easier to control, urogesic and is more apt to listen and cooperate during training, urogesic as they won't have any pent up energy making them feel anxious, urogesic frustrated and distracted.
Urogesic Although exercising your dog is good for his/her health, urogesic helps improve training, urogesic and makes for an all around happy dog, urogesic many owners find it difficult to find the time to provide the dog with the exercise they need. Urogesic Busy and irregular work schedules, urogesic fatigue, urogesic and space limitations can create problems. Urogesic However, urogesic these obstacles can and need to be overcome if you want a happy dog with a first class behavior.
Urogesic The following are some helpful tips you can apply to ensure your Puggle puppy is receiving the exercise he/she needs.
- Know the exercise your dog needs - First, urogesic find out how much exercise your dog requires daily. Urogesic This includes walks and playtime. Urogesic Remember, urogesic the younger the dog, urogesic the more energy he/she has and needs to burn. Urogesic A Puggle puppy requires one - two hours of energy burning fun per day.
Urogesic This doesn't mean your dog should be taken on long one hour walks, urogesic nor does it mean you should provide your dog with two hours of exercise all at once. Urogesic Split the time up evenly between different activities. Urogesic For instance, urogesic two twenty minute walks, urogesic 10 minute run around in the yard, urogesic and an hour and ten minutes of play time. Urogesic Remember, urogesic you don't need to vigorously exercise your dog, urogesic if he/she's moving, urogesic they're burning energy.
- Walk – Take the time to go for a nice walk. Urogesic You may not be able to take your Puggle on a nice long walk everyday, urogesic but you need to make the effort to make your walk last longer than the time it takes for your dog to eliminate. Urogesic Walking is a great way for both you and your Puggle puppy to get exercise. Urogesic Best of all, urogesic walking also gives you time to bond.
- Play fetch – If you've had a long day and you just want to relax, urogesic why not sit down in a comfy chair, urogesic grab your Puggle's favorite toy and play a good game of fetch. Urogesic Your Puggle will enjoy the attention, urogesic he/she will get their exercise, urogesic and you can relax.
- Indoor treadmill – If you can walk the treadmill, urogesic so can your dog… provided he/she's been trained properly first. Urogesic Training your dog how to walk on a treadmill allows him/her to exercise as they would normally on a walk. Urogesic This is a particularly good idea for those who have limited yard space or have busy schedules and cannot always take their dogs on nice walks. Urogesic If you are interested in teaching your Puggle puppy how to walk on a treadmill, urogesic speak to you vet first.


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Ballast Point
The perfect balance of taste and aroma. An obsession with ingredients. An exploration of techniques. And while we savor the result, we're just as fascinated by the process to get there. What started as a small group of home brewers, who simply wanted to make a better beer, evolved into the adventurers known today as Ballast Point.
"A Cold Beer Never Looked So Good."®
Bully's East
A San Diego tradition since 1971, Bully's is known for superior quality, exceptional value and of course, friendly service! Bully's features award-winning prime rib, fresh seafood, steaks, ribs, sandwiches and a children's menu. Whether it is brunch, lunch or dinner served late, it's sure to be a pleasurable dining experience.
The Beach Comber
Since the 1940s, Beachcomber has been a staple of the San Diego and the southern California beachfront. Our venue is located at the heart of the business district in South Mission Beach, making it the perfect destination to grab a drink after hanging out in the sun. We offer daily drink specials and we even have a dance floor for you to cut loose. Our unique venue, amazing location, and relaxed vibe truly separate us from the competition.
Turner Construction
Turner is a North America-based, international construction services company and is a leading builder in diverse and numerous market segments. The company has earned recognition for undertaking large, complex projects, fostering innovation, embracing emerging technologies, and making a difference for their clients, employees and community.
Old Town Mexican Cafe
An Old Town legend for more than 35 years located in the heart of Old Town San Diego
We've been a part of pet parents lives since 1965. Our story began when Walter Evans opened a mail-order veterinary supplies business called UPCO (United Pharmaceutical Company). His mission was to offer quality pet and veterinary supplies directly to the public at discount prices.
OMBAC strives to assist players in learning the game and giving them an opportunity to experience the unique lifetime benefits that playing this tough team sport can provide. OMBAC Rugby is dedicated to developing the game and the player to sustain status as one of the most competative clubs in the Americas. OMBAC to provides a platform for talented players within the USA to achieve their goals of representing their country in the sport of rugby. OMBAC this season possesses the talent to go all the way in each competition we are tested with. Our goals for each Season are to win another National Championship, continuing youth rugby development, and growing relationships between OMBAC and the US Eagles program.
Jason Wood
Dane Roman
Ian Denham
Darren James
Shane Moise
Ethan Willis
Josh Bart
Scott Lane
USA Rugby
Olympic Rugby
A great moment in Olympic history is happening next week. Not since 1924 has rugby been in the Olympics and USA has 3 OMBAC players that are on the team. Please support OMBAC Rugby and one of our rugby sponsors the Tilted Kilt. TK Rugby Flyer
OMBAC 7s Qualifier
The SCRFU 7's tournament is off and running. OMBAC will host a qualifier Saturday June 18th from 9am to 5pm. 12 teams from around the West will be competing. There will be food, drink, and music so come down to the Little Q and have fun watching the fast play of 7's rugby.
15's has come to an end
50 years of OMBAC rugby. The 2016 season for 15's has come to an end. The Pacific Rugby Premiership team finished 3rd and just missed the playoffs. The top two PRP teams play in the finals. They played great and represented OMBAC well a few weeks ago opening for the new PRO Rugby club at[…]
Rugby for the whole family? You won't believe how true it is at OMBAC in San Diego
OMBAC Rugby turns 50 this year and as one of the oldest teams in San Diego tradition, friendships, and pride run strong across generations. OMBAC players consider their teammates as brothers and part of a family that is strongest when the times are rough, uncertain, and trials are daunting. While brothers in name, there are[…]
OMBAC and Pro Rugby
OMBAC Rugby has been invited to kickoff the start of the new Pro Rugby league and our April 23rd matches have been moved to USD. The game times and locations for the matches between OMBAC and SMRFC (D1 at 10:00 at USD rugby field and PRP at 12:30 at USD football stadium – PRO curtain[…]
Belmont Shore Fan Bus Trip
Click on image to enlarge
City Championship
Be at the Little Q November 7th as teams battle for the title of 2015 City Champion. First Kickoff is at 9am. Last kickoff at 4pm. Keep the good times rolling at the After Match Party hosted immediately after the last match of the day at the Tilted Kilt – Mission Valley: 1640 Camino Del[…]


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Most Cited Information and Software Technology Articles
The most cited articles published since 2011, extracted from Scopus.
Software product line testing - A systematic mapping studyEmelie Engström | Per Runeson
Volume 53, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 2-13
Context: Software product lines (SPL) are used in industry to achieve more efficient software development. However, the testing side of SPL is underdeveloped. Objective: This study aims at surveying existing research on SPL testing in order to identify useful approaches and needs for future research. Method: A systematic mapping study is launched to find as much literature as possible, and the 64 papers found are classified with respect to focus, research type and contribution type. Results: A majority of the papers are of proposal research types (64%). System testing is the largest group with respect to research focus (40%), followed by management (23%). Method contributions are in majority. Conclusions: More validation and evaluation research is needed to provide a better foundation for SPL testing. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Using mapping studies as the basis for further research - A participant-observer case studyBarbara A. Kitchenham | David Budgen | O. Pearl Brereton
Volume 53, Issue 6, June 2011, Pages 638-651
Context: We are strong advocates of evidence-based software engineering (EBSE) in general and systematic literature reviews (SLRs) in particular. We believe it is essential that the SLR methodology is used constructively to support software engineering research. Objective: This study aims to assess the value of mapping studies which are a form of SLR that aims to identify and categorise the available research on a broad software engineering topic. Method: We used a multi-case, participant-observer case study using five examples of studies that were based on preceding mapping studies. We also validated our results by contacting two other researchers who had undertaken studies based on preceding mapping studies and by assessing review comments related to our follow-on studies. Results: Our original case study identified 11 unique benefits that can accrue from basing research on a preceding mapping study of which only two were case specific. We also identified nine problems associated with using preceding mapping studies of which two were case specific. These results were consistent with the information obtained from the validation activities. We did not find an example of an independent research group making use of a mapping study produced by other researchers. Conclusion: Mapping studies can save time and effort for researchers and provide baselines to assist new research efforts. However, they must be of high quality in terms of completeness and rigour if they are to be a reliable basis for follow-on research. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Usability evaluation methods for the web: A systematic mapping studyAdrian Fernandez | Emilio Insfran | Silvia Abrahão
Volume 53, Issue 8, August 2011, Pages 789-817
Context: In recent years, many usability evaluation methods (UEMs) have been employed to evaluate Web applications. However, many of these applications still do not meet most customers' usability expectations and many companies have folded as a result of not considering Web usability issues. No studies currently exist with regard to either the use of usability evaluation methods for the Web or the benefits they bring. Objective: The objective of this paper is to summarize the current knowledge that is available as regards the usability evaluation methods (UEMs) that have been employed to evaluate Web applications over the last 14 years. Method: A systematic mapping study was performed to assess the UEMs that have been used by researchers to evaluate Web applications and their relation to the Web development process. Systematic mapping studies are useful for categorizing and summarizing the existing information concerning a research question in an unbiased manner. Results: The results show that around 39% of the papers reviewed reported the use of evaluation methods that had been specifically crafted for the Web. The results also show that the type of method most widely used was that of User Testing. The results identify several research gaps, such as the fact that around 90% of the studies applied evaluations during the implementation phase of the Web application development, which is the most costly phase in which to perform changes. A list of the UEMs that were found is also provided in order to guide novice usability practitioners. Conclusions: From an initial set of 2703 papers, a total of 206 research papers were selected for the mapping study. The results obtained allowed us to reach conclusions concerning the state-of-the-art of UEMs for evaluating Web applications. This allowed us to identify several research gaps, which subsequently provided us with a framework in which new research activities can be more appropriately positioned, and from which useful information for novice usability practitioners can be extracted. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A systematic review of evaluation of variability management approaches in software product linesLianping Chen | Muhammad Ali Babar
Volume 53, Issue 4, April 2011, Pages 344-362
Context: Variability management (VM) is one of the most important activities of software product-line engineering (SPLE), which intends to develop software-intensive systems using platforms and mass customization. VM encompasses the activities of eliciting and representing variability in software artefacts, establishing and managing dependencies among different variabilities, and supporting the exploitation of the variabilities for building and evolving a family of software systems. Software product line (SPL) community has allocated huge amount of effort to develop various approaches to dealing with variability related challenges during the last two decade. Several dozens of VM approaches have been reported. However, there has been no systematic effort to study how the reported VM approaches have been evaluated. Objective: The objectives of this research are to review the status of evaluation of reported VM approaches and to synthesize the available evidence about the effects of the reported approaches. Method: We carried out a systematic literature review of the VM approaches in SPLE reported from 1990s until December 2007. Results: We selected 97 papers according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected papers appeared in 56 publication venues. We found that only a small number of the reviewed approaches had been evaluated using rigorous scientific methods. A detailed investigation of the reviewed studies employing empirical research methods revealed significant quality deficiencies in various aspects of the used quality assessment criteria. The synthesis of the available evidence showed that all studies, except one, reported only positive effects. Conclusion: The findings from this systematic review show that a large majority of the reported VM approaches have not been sufficiently evaluated using scientifically rigorous methods. The available evidence is sparse and the quality of the presented evidence is quite low. The findings highlight the areas in need of improvement, i.e., rigorous evaluation of VM approaches. However, the reported evidence is quite consistent across different studies. That means the proposed approaches may be very beneficial when they are applied properly in appropriate situations. Hence, it can be concluded that further investigations need to pay more attention to the contexts under which different approaches can be more beneficial. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Research synthesis in software engineering: A tertiary studyDaniela S. Cruzes | Tore Dyb
Volume 53, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 440-455
Context: Comparing and contrasting evidence from multiple studies is necessary to build knowledge and reach conclusions about the empirical support for a phenomenon. Therefore, research synthesis is at the center of the scientific enterprise in the software engineering discipline. Objective: The objective of this article is to contribute to a better understanding of the challenges in synthesizing software engineering research and their implications for the progress of research and practice. Method: A tertiary study of journal articles and full proceedings papers from the inception of evidence-based software engineering was performed to assess the types and methods of research synthesis in systematic reviews in software engineering. Results: As many as half of the 49 reviews included in the study did not contain any synthesis. Of the studies that did contain synthesis, two thirds performed a narrative or a thematic synthesis. Only a few studies adequately demonstrated a robust, academic approach to research synthesis. Conclusion: We concluded that, despite the focus on systematic reviews, there is limited attention paid to research synthesis in software engineering. This trend needs to change and a repertoire of synthesis methods needs to be an integral part of systematic reviews to increase their significance and utility for research and practice. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A systematic mapping study of software product lines testingPaulo Anselmo Da Mota Silveira Neto | Ivan Do Carmo MacHado | John D. McGregor | Eduardo Santana De Almeida | Silvio Romero De Lemos Meira
Volume 53, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 407-423
Context: In software development, Testing is an important mechanism both to identify defects and assure that completed products work as specified. This is a common practice in single-system development, and continues to hold in Software Product Lines (SPL). Even though extensive research has been done in the SPL Testing field, it is necessary to assess the current state of research and practice, in order to provide practitioners with evidence that enable fostering its further development. Objective: This paper focuses on Testing in SPL and has the following goals: investigate state-of-the-art testing practices, synthesize available evidence, and identify gaps between required techniques and existing approaches, available in the literature. Method: A systematic mapping study was conducted with a set of nine research questions, in which 120 studies, dated from 1993 to 2009, were evaluated. Results: Although several aspects regarding testing have been covered by single-system development approaches, many cannot be directly applied in the SPL context due to specific issues. In addition, particular aspects regarding SPL are not covered by the existing SPL approaches, and when the aspects are covered, the literature just gives brief overviews. This scenario indicates that additional investigation, empirical and practical, should be performed. Conclusion: The results can help to understand the needs in SPL Testing, by identifying points that still require additional investigation, since important aspects regarding particular points of software product lines have not been addressed yet. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Modeling process-related RBAC models with extended UML activity modelsMark Strembeck | Jan Mendling
Volume 53, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 456-483
Context: Business processes are an important source for the engineering of customized software systems and are constantly gaining attention in the area of software engineering as well as in the area of information and system security. While the need to integrate processes and role-based access control (RBAC) models has been repeatedly identified in research and practice, standard process modeling languages do not provide corresponding language elements. Objective: In this paper, we are concerned with the definition of an integrated approach for modeling processes and process-related RBAC models - including roles, role hierarchies, statically and dynamically mutual exclusive tasks, as well as binding of duty constraints on tasks. Method: We specify a formal metamodel for process-related RBAC models. Based on this formal model, we define a domain-specific extension for a standard modeling language. Results: Our formal metamodel is generic and can be used to extend arbitrary process modeling languages. To demonstrate our approach, we present a corresponding extension for UML2 activity models. The name of our extension is Business Activities. Moreover, we implemented a library and runtime engine that can manage Business Activity runtime models and enforce the different policies and constraints in a software system. Conclusion: The definition of process-related RBAC models at the modeling-level is an important prerequisite for the thorough implementation and enforcement of corresponding policies and constraints in a software system. We identified the need for modeling support of process-related RBAC models from our experience in real-world role engineering projects and case studies. The Business Activities approach presented in this paper is successfully applied in role engineering projects. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Software fault prediction metrics: A systematic literature reviewDanijel Radjenović | Marjan Heričko | Richard Torkar | Aleš Živkovič
Volume 55, Issue 8, August 2013, Pages 1397-1418
Context: Software metrics may be used in fault prediction models to improve software quality by predicting fault location. Objective: This paper aims to identify software metrics and to assess their applicability in software fault prediction. We investigated the influence of context on metrics' selection and performance. Method: This systematic literature review includes 106 papers published between 1991 and 2011. The selected papers are classified according to metrics and context properties. Results: Object-oriented metrics (49%) were used nearly twice as often compared to traditional source code metrics (27%) or process metrics (24%). Chidamber and Kemerer's (CK) object-oriented metrics were most frequently used. According to the selected studies there are significant differences between the metrics used in fault prediction performance. Object-oriented and process metrics have been reported to be more successful in finding faults compared to traditional size and complexity metrics. Process metrics seem to be better at predicting post-release faults compared to any static code metrics. Conclusion: More studies should be performed on large industrial software systems to find metrics more relevant for the industry and to answer the question as to which metrics should be used in a given context. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Identifying relevant studies in software engineeringHe Zhang | Muhammad Ali Babar | Paolo Tell
Volume 53, Issue 6, June 2011, Pages 625-637
Context: Systematic literature review (SLR) has become an important research methodology in software engineering since the introduction of evidence-based software engineering (EBSE) in 2004. One critical step in applying this methodology is to design and execute appropriate and effective search strategy. This is a time-consuming and error-prone step, which needs to be carefully planned and implemented. There is an apparent need for a systematic approach to designing, executing, and evaluating a suitable search strategy for optimally retrieving the target literature from digital libraries. Objective: The main objective of the research reported in this paper is to improve the search step of undertaking SLRs in software engineering (SE) by devising and evaluating systematic and practical approaches to identifying relevant studies in SE. Method: We have systematically selected and analytically studied a large number of papers (SLRs) to understand the state-of-the-practice of search strategies in EBSE. Having identified the limitations of the current ad-hoc nature of search strategies used by SE researchers for SLRs, we have devised a systematic and evidence-based approach to developing and executing optimal search strategies in SLRs. The proposed approach incorporates the concept of 'quasi-gold standard' (QGS), which consists of collection of known studies, and corresponding 'quasi-sensitivity' into the search process for evaluating search performance. Results: We conducted two participant-observer case studies to demonstrate and evaluate the adoption of the proposed QGS-based systematic search approach in support of SLRs in SE research. Conclusion: We report their findings based on the case studies that the approach is able to improve the rigor of search process in an SLR, as well as it can serve as a supplement to the guidelines for SLRs in EBSE. We plan to further evaluate the proposed approach using a series of case studies on varying research topics in SE. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The relationship between organizational culture and the deployment of agile methodsJuhani Iivari | Netta Iivari
Volume 53, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 509-520
Context: Systems development normally takes place in a specific organizational context, including organizational culture. Previous research has identified organizational culture as a factor that potentially affects the deployment systems development methods. Objective: The purpose is to analyze the relationship between organizational culture and the post-adoption deployment of agile methods. Method: This study is a theory development exercise. Based on the Competing Values Model of organizational culture, the paper proposes a number of hypotheses about the relationship between organizational culture and the deployment of agile methods. Results: Inspired by the agile methods thirteen new hypotheses are introduced and discussed. They have interesting implications, when contrasted with ad hoc development and with traditional systems development methods. Conclusion: Because of the conceptual richness of organizational culture and the ambiguity of the concept of agility the relationship between organizational culture and the deployment of agile systems development forms a rich and interesting research topic. Recognizing that the Competing Values Model represents just one view of organizational culture, the paper introduces a number of alternative conceptions and identifies several interesting paths for future research into the relationship between organizational culture and agile methods deployment. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Agile methods rapidly replacing traditional methods at Nokia: A survey of opinions on agile transformationMaarit Laanti | Outi Salo | Pekka Abrahamsson
Volume 53, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 276-290
Context: Many organizations have started to deploy agile methods, but so far there exist only a few studies on organization-wide transformations. Are agile methods here to stay? Some claim that agile software development methods are in the mainstream adoption phase in the software industry, while others hope that those are a passing fad. The assumption here is that if agile would not provide real improvement, adopters would be eager at first but turn pessimistic after putting it into practice. Objective: Despite the growing amount of anecdotal evidence on the success of agile methods across a wide range of different real-life development settings, scientific studies remain scarce. Even less is known about the perception of the impacts of agile transformation when it is deployed in a very large software development environment, and whether agile methods are here to stay. This study aims to fill that gap by providing evidence from a large-scale agile transformation within Nokia. While we have yet to confirm these findings with solid quantitative data, we believe that the perception of the impacts already pinpoints the direction of the impacts of large-scale agile transformation. Method: The data were collected using a questionnaire. The population of the study contains more than 1000 respondents in seven different countries in Europe, North America, and Asia. Results: The results reveal that most respondents agree on all accounts with the generally claimed benefits of agile methods. These benefits include higher satisfaction, a feeling of effectiveness, increased quality and transparency, increased autonomy and happiness, and earlier detection of defects. Finally, 60% of respondents would not like to return to the old way of working. Conclusion: While the perception of the impact of agile methods is predominantly positive, several challenge areas were discovered. However, based on this study, agile methods are here to stay. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A systematic review of systematic review process research in software engineeringBarbara Kitchenham | Pearl Brereton
Volume 55, Issue 12, December 2013, Pages 2049-2075
Context: Many researchers adopting systematic reviews (SRs) have also published papers discussing problems with the SR methodology and suggestions for improving it. Since guidelines for SRs in software engineering (SE) were last updated in 2007, we believe it is time to investigate whether the guidelines need to be amended in the light of recent research. Objective: To identify, evaluate and synthesize research published by software engineering researchers concerning their experiences of performing SRs and their proposals for improving the SR process. Method: We undertook a systematic review of papers reporting experiences of undertaking SRs and/or discussing techniques that could be used to improve the SR process. Studies were classified with respect to the stage in the SR process they addressed, whether they related to education or problems faced by novices and whether they proposed the use of textual analysis tools. Results: We identified 68 papers reporting 63 unique studies published in SE conferences and journals between 2005 and mid-2012. The most common criticisms of SRs were that they take a long time, that SE digital libraries are not appropriate for broad literature searches and that assessing the quality of empirical studies of different types is difficult. Conclusion: We recommend removing advice to use structured questions to construct search strings and including advice to use a quasi-gold standard based on a limited manual search to assist the construction of search stings and evaluation of the search process. Textual analysis tools are likely to be useful for inclusion/exclusion decisions and search string construction but require more stringent evaluation. SE researchers would benefit from tools to manage the SR process but existing tools need independent validation. Quality assessment of studies using a variety of empirical methods remains a major problem. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Evaluating prediction systems in software project estimationMartin Shepperd | Steve MacDonell
Volume 54, Issue 8, September 2012, Pages 820-827
Context: Software engineering has a problem in that when we empirically evaluate competing prediction systems we obtain conflicting results. Objective: To reduce the inconsistency amongst validation study results and provide a more formal foundation to interpret results with a particular focus on continuous prediction systems. Method: A new framework is proposed for evaluating competing prediction systems based upon (1) an unbiased statistic, Standardised Accuracy, (2) testing the result likelihood relative to the baseline technique of random 'predictions', that is guessing, and (3) calculation of effect sizes. Results: Previously published empirical evaluations of prediction systems are re-examined and the original conclusions shown to be unsafe. Additionally, even the strongest results are shown to have no more than a medium effect size relative to random guessing. Conclusions: Biased accuracy statistics such as MMRE are deprecated. By contrast this new empirical validation framework leads to meaningful results. Such steps will assist in performing future meta-analyses and in providing more robust and usable recommendations to practitioners. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Transfer learning for cross-company software defect predictionYing Ma | Guangchun Luo | Xue Zeng | Aiguo Chen
Volume 54, Issue 3, March 2012, Pages 248-256
Context: Software defect prediction studies usually built models using within-company data, but very few focused on the prediction models trained with cross-company data. It is difficult to employ these models which are built on the within-company data in practice, because of the lack of these local data repositories. Recently, transfer learning has attracted more and more attention for building classifier in target domain using the data from related source domain. It is very useful in cases when distributions of training and test instances differ, but is it appropriate for cross-company software defect prediction? Objective: In this paper, we consider the cross-company defect prediction scenario where source and target data are drawn from different companies. In order to harness cross company data, we try to exploit the transfer learning method to build faster and highly effective prediction model. Method: Unlike the prior works selecting training data which are similar from the test data, we proposed a novel algorithm called Transfer Naive Bayes (TNB), by using the information of all the proper features in training data. Our solution estimates the distribution of the test data, and transfers cross-company data information into the weights of the training data. On these weighted data, the defect prediction model is built. Results: This article presents a theoretical analysis for the comparative methods, and shows the experiment results on the data sets from different organizations. It indicates that TNB is more accurate in terms of AUC (The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve), within less runtime than the state of the art methods. Conclusion: It is concluded that when there are too few local training data to train good classifiers, the useful knowledge from different-distribution training data on feature level may help. We are optimistic that our transfer learning method can guide optimal resource allocation strategies, which may reduce software testing cost and increase effectiveness of software testing process. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Systematic literature review of machine learning based software development effort estimation modelsJianfeng Wen | Shixian Li | Zhiyong Lin | Yong Hu | Changqin Huang
Volume 54, Issue 1, January 2012, Pages 41-59
Context: Software development effort estimation (SDEE) is the process of predicting the effort required to develop a software system. In order to improve estimation accuracy, many researchers have proposed machine learning (ML) based SDEE models (ML models) since 1990s. However, there has been no attempt to analyze the empirical evidence on ML models in a systematic way. Objective: This research aims to systematically analyze ML models from four aspects: type of ML technique, estimation accuracy, model comparison, and estimation context. Method: We performed a systematic literature review of empirical studies on ML model published in the last two decades (1991-2010). Results: We have identified 84 primary studies relevant to the objective of this research. After investigating these studies, we found that eight types of ML techniques have been employed in SDEE models. Overall speaking, the estimation accuracy of these ML models is close to the acceptable level and is better than that of non-ML models. Furthermore, different ML models have different strengths and weaknesses and thus favor different estimation contexts. Conclusion: ML models are promising in the field of SDEE. However, the application of ML models in industry is still limited, so that more effort and incentives are needed to facilitate the application of ML models. To this end, based on the findings of this review, we provide recommendations for researchers as well as guidelines for practitioners. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A systematic review of software architecture evolution researchHongyu Pei Breivold | Ivica Crnkovic | Magnus Larsson
Volume 54, Issue 1, January 2012, Pages 16-40
Context: Software evolvability describes a software system's ability to easily accommodate future changes. It is a fundamental characteristic for making strategic decisions, and increasing economic value of software. For long-lived systems, there is a need to address evolvability explicitly during the entire software lifecycle in order to prolong the productive lifetime of software systems. For this reason, many research studies have been proposed in this area both by researchers and industry practitioners. These studies comprise a spectrum of particular techniques and practices, covering various activities in software lifecycle. However, no systematic review has been conducted previously to provide an extensive overview of software architecture evolvability research. Objective: In this work, we present such a systematic review of architecting for software evolvability. The objective of this review is to obtain an overview of the existing approaches in analyzing and improving software evolvability at architectural level, and investigate impacts on research and practice. Method: The identification of the primary studies in this review was based on a pre-defined search strategy and a multi-step selection process. Results: Based on research topics in these studies, we have identified five main categories of themes: (i) techniques supporting quality consideration during software architecture design, (ii) architectural quality evaluation, (iii) economic valuation, (iv) architectural knowledge management, and (v) modeling techniques. A comprehensive overview of these categories and related studies is presented. Conclusion: The findings of this review also reveal suggestions for further research and practice, such as (i) it is necessary to establish a theoretical foundation for software evolution research due to the fact that the expertise in this area is still built on the basis of case studies instead of generalized knowledge; (ii) it is necessary to combine appropriate techniques to address the multifaceted perspectives of software evolvability due to the fact that each technique has its specific focus and context for which it is appropriate in the entire software lifecycle. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Applying CIM-to-PIM model transformations for the service-oriented development of information systemsValeria De Castro | Esperanza Marcos | Juan Manuel Vara
Volume 53, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 87-105
Context: Model-driven approaches deal with the provision of models, transformations between them and code generators to address software development. This approach has the advantage of defining a conceptual structure, where the models used by business managers and analysts can be mapped into more detailed models used by software developers. This alignment between high-level business specifications and the lower-level information technologies (ITs) models is crucial to the field of service-oriented development, where meaningful business services and process specifications are those relevant to real business scenarios. Objective: This paper presents a model-driven approach which, starting from high-level computational-independent business models (CIMs) - the business view - sets out guidelines for obtaining lower-level platform-independent behavioural models (PIMs) - the information system view. A key advantage of our approach is the use of real high-level business models, not just requirements models, which, by means of model transformations, helps software developers to make the most of the business knowledge for specifying and developing business services. Method: This proposal is framed in a method for service-oriented development of information systems whose main characteristic is the use of services as first-class objects. The method follows an MDA-based approach, proposing a set of models at different levels of abstraction and model transformations to connect them. Results: The paper present the complete set of CIM and PIM metamodels and the specification of the mappings between them, which clear advantage is the support for the alignment between high-level business view and ITs. The proposed model-driven process is being implemented in an MDA tool. A first prototype has been used to develop a travel agency case study that illustrates the proposal. Conclusion: This study shows how a model-driven approach helps to solve the alignment problem between the business view and the information system view that arises when adopting service-oriented approaches for software development. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The maturity of maturity model research: A systematic mapping studyRoy Wendler
Volume 54, Issue 12, December 2012, Pages 1317-1339
Context: Maturity models offer organizations a simple but effective possibility to measure the quality of their processes. Emerged out of software engineering, the application fields have widened and maturity model research is becoming more important. During the last two decades the publication amount steadily rose as well. Until today, no studies have been available summarizing the activities and results of the field of maturity model research. Objective: The objective of this paper is to structure and analyze the available literature of the field of maturity model research to identify the state-of-the-art research as well as research gaps. Method: A systematic mapping study was conducted. It included relevant publications of journals and IS conferences. Mapping studies are a suitable method for structuring a broad research field concerning research questions about contents, methods, and trends in the available publications. Results: The mapping of 237 articles showed that current maturity model research is applicable to more than 20 domains, heavily dominated by software development and software engineering. The study revealed that most publications deal with the development of maturity models and empirical studies. Theoretical reflective publications are scarce. Furthermore, the relation between conceptual and design-oriented maturity model development was analyzed, indicating that there is still a gap in evaluating and validating developed maturity models. Finally, a comprehensive research framework was derived from the study results and implications for further research are given. Conclusion: The mapping study delivers the first systematic summary of maturity model research. The categorization of available publications helps researchers gain an overview of the state-of-the-art research and current research gaps. The proposed research framework supports researchers categorizing their own projects. In addition, practitioners planning to use a maturity model may use the study as starting point to identify which maturity models are suitable for their domain and where limitations exist. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The impact of inadequate customer collaboration on self-organizing Agile teamsRashina Hoda | James Noble | Stuart Marshall
Volume 53, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 521-534
Context: Customer collaboration is a vital feature of Agile software development. Objective: This article addresses the importance of adequate customer involvement on Agile projects, and the impact of different levels of customer involvement on real-life Agile projects. Method: We conducted a Grounded Theory study involving 30 Agile practitioners from 16 software development organizations in New Zealand and India, over a period of 3 years. Results: We discovered that Lack of Customer Involvement was one of the biggest challenges faced by Agile teams. Customers were not as involved on these Agile projects as Agile methods demand. We describe the causes of inadequate customer collaboration, its adverse consequences on self-organizing Agile teams, and Agile Undercover - a set of strategies used by the teams to practice Agile despite insufficient or ineffective customer involvement. Conclusion: Customer involvement is important on Agile projects. Inadequate customer involvement causes adverse problems for Agile teams. The Agile Undercover strategies we've identified can assist Agile teams facing similar lack of customer involvement. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Six years of systematic literature reviews in software engineering: An updated tertiary studyFabio Q B Da Silva | André L M Santos | Sérgio Soares | A. César C Frana | Cleviton V F Monteiro | Felipe Farias MacIel
Volume 53, Issue 9, September 2011, Pages 899-913
Context: Since the introduction of evidence-based software engineering in 2004, systematic literature review (SLR) has been increasingly used as a method for conducting secondary studies in software engineering. Two tertiary studies, published in 2009 and 2010, identified and analysed 54 SLRs published in journals and conferences in the period between 1st January 2004 and 30th June 2008. Objective: In this article, our goal was to extend and update the two previous tertiary studies to cover the period between 1st July 2008 and 31st December 2009. We analysed the quality, coverage of software engineering topics, and potential impact of published SLRs for education and practice. Method: We performed automatic and manual searches for SLRs published in journals and conference proceedings, analysed the relevant studies, and compared and integrated our findings with the two previous tertiary studies. Results: We found 67 new SLRs addressing 24 software engineering topics. Among these studies, 15 were considered relevant to the undergraduate educational curriculum, and 40 appeared of possible interest to practitioners. We found that the number of SLRs in software engineering is increasing, the overall quality of the studies is improving, and the number of researchers and research organisations worldwide that are conducting SLRs is also increasing and spreading. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the software engineering research community is starting to adopt SLRs consistently as a research method. However, the majority of the SLRs did not evaluate the quality of primary studies and fail to provide guidelines for practitioners, thus decreasing their potential impact on software engineering practice. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The agile requirements refinery: Applying SCRUM principles to software product managementKevin Vlaanderen | Slinger Jansen | Sjaak Brinkkemper | Erik Jaspers
Volume 53, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 58-70
Context: Although agile software development methods such as SCRUM and DSDM are gaining popularity, the consequences of applying agile principles to software product management have received little attention until now. Objective: In this paper, this gap is filled by the introduction of a method for the application of SCRUM principles to software product management. Method: A case study research approach is employed to describe and evaluate this method. Results: This has resulted in the 'agile requirements refinery', an extension to the SCRUM process that enables product managers to cope with complex requirements in an agile development environment. A case study is presented to illustrate how agile methods can be applied to software product management. Conclusions: The experiences of the case study company are provided as a set of lessons learned that will help others to apply agile principles to their software product management process. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Barriers in the selection of offshore software development outsourcing vendors: An exploratory study using a systematic literature reviewSiffat Ullah Khan | Mahmood Niazi | Rashid Ahmad
Volume 53, Issue 7, July 2011, Pages 693-706
Context: Software development outsourcing is a contract-based relationship between client and vendor organisations in which a client contracts out all or part of its software development activities to a vendor, who provides agreed services for remuneration. Objective: The objective is to identify various barriers that have a negative impact on software outsourcing clients in the selection process of offshore software development outsourcing vendors. Method: We have performed a systematic literature review (SLR) process for the identification of barriers. We have performed all the SLR steps such as the protocol development, initial selection, final selection, quality assessment, data extraction and data synthesis. Results: We have identified barriers such as "language and cultural barriers", "country instability", "lack of project management", "lack of protection for intellectual property rights" and "lack of technical capability" that generally have a negative impact on outsourcing clients. We have identified only one common frequently cited barrier in three types of organisations (i.e. small, medium and large) which is "language and cultural barriers". We did not identify any common frequently cited barrier in three continents (Asia, North America and Europe) and in two decades (1990-1999 and 2000-mid 2008). The results also reveal the similarities and differences in the barriers identified through different study strategies. Conclusions: Vendors should address frequently cited barriers such as "language and cultural barriers", "country instability", "lack of project management", "lack of protection for intellectual property rights" and "lack of technical capability" in order to compete in the offshore outsourcing business. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Measuring and predicting software productivity: A systematic map and reviewKai Petersen
Volume 53, Issue 4, April 2011, Pages 317-343
Context: Software productivity measurement is essential in order to control and improve the performance of software development. For example, by identifying role models (e.g. projects, individuals, tasks) when comparing productivity data. The prediction is of relevance to determine whether corrective actions are needed, and to discover which alternative improvement action would yield the best results. Objective: In this study we identify studies for software productivity prediction and measurement. Based on the identified studies we first create a classification scheme and map the studies into the scheme (systematic map). Thereafter, a detailed analysis and synthesis of the studies is conducted. Method: As a research method for systematically identifying and aggregating the evidence of productivity measurement and prediction approaches systematic mapping and systematic review have been used. Results: In total 38 studies have been identified, resulting in a classification scheme for empirical research on software productivity. The mapping allowed to identify the rigor of the evidence with respect to the different productivity approaches. In the detailed analysis the results were tabulated and synthesized to provide recommendations to practitioners. Conclusion: Risks with simple ratio-based measurement approaches were shown. In response to the problems data envelopment analysis seems to be a strong approach to capture multivariate productivity measures, and allows to identify reference projects to which inefficient projects should be compared. Regarding simulation no general prediction model can be identified. Simulation and statistical process control are promising methods for software productivity prediction. Overall, further evidence is needed to make stronger claims and recommendations. In particular, the discussion of validity threats should become standard, and models need to be compared with each other. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A framework for analysis and design of software reference architecturesSamuil Angelov | Paul Grefen | Danny Greefhorst
Volume 54, Issue 4, April 2012, Pages 417-431
Context: A software reference architecture is a generic architecture for a class of systems that is used as a foundation for the design of concrete architectures from this class. The generic nature of reference architectures leads to a less defined architecture design and application contexts, which makes the architecture goal definition and architecture design non-trivial steps, rooted in uncertainty. Objective: The paper presents a structured and comprehensive study on the congruence between context, goals, and design of software reference architectures. It proposes a tool for the design of congruent reference architectures and for the analysis of the level of congruence of existing reference architectures. Method: We define a framework for congruent reference architectures. The framework is based on state of the art results from literature and practice. We validate our framework and its quality as analytical tool by applying it for the analysis of 24 reference architectures. The conclusions from our analysis are compared to the opinions of experts on these reference architectures documented in literature and dedicated communication. Results: Our framework consists of a multi-dimensional classification space and of five types of reference architectures that are formed by combining specific values from the multi-dimensional classification space. Reference architectures that can be classified in one of these types have better chances to become a success. The validation of our framework confirms its quality as a tool for the analysis of the congruence of software reference architectures. Conclusion: This paper facilitates software architects and scientists in the inception, design, and application of congruent software reference architectures. The application of the tool improves the chance for success of a reference architecture. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Simplifying effort estimation based on Use Case PointsM. Ochodek | J. Nawrocki | K. Kwarciak
Volume 53, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 200-213
Context: The Use Case Points (UCP) method can be used to estimate software development effort based on a use-case model and two sets of adjustment factors relating to the environmental and technical complexity of a project. The question arises whether all of these components are important from the effort estimation point of view. Objective: This paper investigates the construction of UCP in order to find possible ways of simplifying it. Method: The cross-validation procedure was used to compare the accuracy of the different variants of UCP (with and without the investigated simplifications). The analysis was based on data derived from a set of 14 projects for which effort ranged from 277 to 3593 man-hours. In addition, the factor analysis was performed to investigate the possibility of reducing the number of adjustment factors. Results: The two variants of UCP - with and without unadjusted actor weights (UAW) provided similar prediction accuracy. In addition, a minor influence of the adjustment factors on the accuracy of UCP was observed. The results of the factor analysis indicated that the number of adjustment factors could be reduced from 21 to 6 (2 environmental factors and 4 technical complexity factors). Another observation was made that the variants of UCP calculated based on steps were slightly more accurate than the variants calculated based on transactions. Finally, a recently proposed use-case-based size metric TTPoints provided better accuracy than any of the investigated variants of UCP. Conclusion: The observation in this study was that the UCP method could be simplified by rejecting UAW; calculating UCP based on steps instead of transactions; or just counting the total number of steps in use cases. Moreover, two recently proposed use-case-based size metrics Transactions and TTPoints could be used as an alternative to UCP to estimate effort at the early stages of software development. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


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2008 Mercedes-Benz S-Class Sedan S550 4MATIC 4dr Sedan AWD (5.5L 8cyl 7A)
My 2008 S550 4matic has 47,000 miles and I am the 2nd owner. I have owned it for about a year and have put 12K on it with no major complaints other than the following: 1) Coolant Level warning light, 2) ABS warning light, 3) noisy front end suspension noises.I believe the first two items are simple computer error causing the warning lights to illuminate having checked the coolant level and braking system with no signs of being too low or malfunctioning respectively.The annoying noises are a mystery. Is the air suspension? Is it rocker arms or bushings? Any feedback and recommendations would be appreciated.
I was stopped at a red light.When the light turned green and I was moving forward at about 15-20 miles per hour, the car came to a sudden stop.The vehicle behind me almost ran into my back since there were no brake lights illuminated when this unfortunate malfunction took place.I immediately looked the control panel for any malfunction alarm and there were none.The root cause of the problem was front differential seize up without any warning.There were the right amount of oil in the reservoir so the problem was no due to lack of lubrication.The car was repaired by MB dealer and I was given a bill for (hold on to your pants) $8,252.I called MB customer service to find out if there are any recall on this malfunction.I was told none reported.I have a hard time believing that I am the only one with this problem.I almost came to a decision to sign over the title and have them sell the car to recover the repair cost.Obviously the dealer is not at fault here.However you would expect that a car of this caliber would be better designed and supported.As you have guessed I am unhappy with my MB.By the way if you are trying to sign on for MB online owner community and want tochoose the username "UNHAPPY", you can't.It is already taken.Try it with some #s.
A company with lack of vision.
I had a problem with a Jeep that bought new.
Right around 2 years the paint started to come off the hood.
Called customer service and they said sorry we can not help you (warranty is good for 1 year).
I painted the car for $500 and never looked at Chrysler again.
Looks like MB is joining the list.
I suggest that Mercedes Benz to design a better drivetrain and stand behind their products.
This is my second s class. have owned it for over 2 years and have done 42,000 miles problem free. can't compare ride to any other car that's trying to be in it's class. feels super heavy and planted on the road. 90% FWY drive MPG life average is 20.6 and i see 23-25mpg on my morning drives @77mph. I use Distronic plus (Adaptive cruise control stop-go) 99% of the time. Takes some understanding and becomes easier to use with time. The car drives me to work stress free, all i do is steer. When I come through Malibu canyon late night, i put it in sport mode and use the steering wheel gear shifters. The car turns into a WRX for just long enough ;-) and the engine goes nuts.
Distronic plus!! engine combined with 4WD, great in snow and rain. raise car 3" high with air suspension for off road or snow. seats. wood steering wheel option is so nice to hold, real elegant. AMG styling package.
Rear window shades should come standard. My 2 year old won't fall asleep in the car cause the ride is so quiet ;-)
2008 Mercedes-Benz S-Class Sedan S600 4dr Sedan (5.5L 12cyl Turbo 5A)
I knew the S600 was perfect when I was at my local Mercedes Benz dealership, here in Houston. My wife loved it and the kids (8 and 16) love it also. (My teen girl really enjoyed the vanity mirrors), while it was nearly impossible getting my son out of the reclining rear seats. My wife enjoyed the fact that she could read and drive (I would never commend this action) in stop-and-go traffic due to the very intuitive Distronic Plus System. The COMMAND system was overwhelmingly easy and the car overall was extremely comfortable. I have owned a Jaguar XJ Super V8 and a 2003 Bentley Arnage, but they pale in comparison to this big Benz, due to the way it effortlessly combines luxury and technology
The Nappa seats (the best I have ever experienced, by far) COMMAND, Distronic Plus, rear reclining seats, ABC, smooth V12 engine,and the impressive, not polarizing looks.
Can you really improve a perfect car?
2008 Mercedes-Benz S-Class Sedan S550 4dr Sedan (5.5L 8cyl 7A)
As a total package, the 2008 S550 sets itself apart from all the super luxury sedans under $100K. I've owned many performance cars: CL500, Porsche 911's, BMW 7 series, Lexus LS430 etc.. The S550 by far is the most comfortable and pampering vehicle in its class. It has a perfect balance (through purposeful engineering) between performance and comfort - it's a well appointed family room on wheels. I'm in total agreement with MB's design philosophy: understated luxury as it is a true way to reflect the owner's sophisticated taste without overstating his/her presence. The S550 is a remarkable automobile.
Interior, voice commands, keyless go, iPod integration, Bluetooth, Parktronics and most of all the V8 engine.
Use Michelin tires instead of the noisy Continentals. Metal front grille. Touch or a better interface for the COMAND GPS navigation - MB should let Apple's iPhone team do the interface for the COMAND center.
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Newegg.com - A great place to buy computers, computer parts, electronics, software, accessories, and DVDs online. With great prices, fast shipping, and top-rated customer service - once you know, you Newegg.
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This review is from: Rosewill RTK-045 45 Piece Premium Computer Tool Kit
Pros: It included all the tools I needed for my new PC build. I never had dedicated tools for the task and this was it! I also was able to use some of the extra screws from the kit for my build.
Cons: NoneREAD FULL REVIEW


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Brand New Gallery Content!
Check out our new gallery page! It showcases our unique ability to create magnificent, completely custom tables utilizing only the highest quality materials. Whether you're interested in a classic hold'em table or the unique look of an elipse, a claw pedestal or our custom cross pedestal, grooved chipracks or a completely custom chiprack — every table is made to each customer's specific taste and unique style.
CEO Jeff Stine interview by Ask the Decorator
CEO Jeff Stine was recently interviewed by Ask the Decorator's Meghan Carter as an expert on poker tables. Watch the video in our As Seen In page.
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Whirlpool Inline Refrigerator Filter WSI-1
You Save: 32%
You Save: 32%
Ships by Tomorrow 9/27/2016
The Water Sentinel WSI-1 is a universal water filter that can replace the following models:
- Whirlpool 4378411, WHKF-IMTO, WHCF-IMTO
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The Whirlpool Inline Refrigerator Filter WSI-1 from Water Sentinel is the perfect tool for improving the taste of drinking water and ice from the refrigerator. This Water Sentinel filter replaces many existing cartridges at a lower cost but without sacrificing quality. This inline ice maker water filter ably reduces chlorine taste and odor through its high quality compressed carbon block media. Be sure to replace your inline water filter every six months to achieve the best water purification results.
Whirlpool Inline Refrigerator Filter WSI-1 specifications:
- Part number WSI-1
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- Filter life: 6 months or 300 gallons (1,136 liters)
- Carbon block media reduces chlorine taste and odor
Whirlpool Inline Refrigerator Filter WSI-1 Product Reviews :Write a review
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GRILLING PROMOTION DELIVERS RESULTS pated in the 2002 Summer Grilling promotion, conducted by the National Cattlemen's Beef Association, saw fresh beef sales more than double compared to overall fresh meat sales. According to an analysis of the results, participating stores posted a 2% increase in beef sales during the 15-week campaign, while total fresh meat sales grew less than 1% during the same period. Retailers in the seven participating markets reported incremental sales of beef ...
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text: Kansas Constitution Kansas House Considers Allowing Religious Symbols In Public Lands And Schools By Associated Press • Feb 1, 2013 www.hutchnews.com The Kansas House is considering a bill that would allow religious symbols on public land. According to the bill, religious symbols would be allowed if they are part of the community's history or heritage. This bill was introduced in response to an incident last summer when the community of Buhler was threatened with a lawsuit because its city symbol contained a cross. The Freedom From Religion Foundation said the city's official design violated the U.S. Constitution by favoring Christianity over other religions. The town replaced it with similar signs on private land. Education Funding Ruling May Prompt Constitutional Change By Stephen Koranda • Jan 15, 2013 Stephen Koranda Education funding took center stage on the first day of the 2013 Kansas legislative session. Lawmakers returned to Topeka just days after a district court ruled that the state needs to increase school funding. Some lawmakers may try to change the Kansas Constitution in response to the ruling.


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THE PLAINS, Va. — The National Association of State Directors of Pupil Transportation Services (NASDPTS) has released two reports addressing security in school bus operations.
The first, "Pupil Transportation System Security: Different Times — Added Responsibilities," provides guidance on understanding and dealing with the effects of terrorism and other violent acts.
The second report, "Pupil Transportation System Security: Resources and Approaches," recommends specific actions at the system, supervisor and driver levels, including policies and procedures, training and responsibilities.
Recommendations include auditing the present level of security at school bus operations and training drivers on topics specific to security, such as how to identify suspicious people, packages and devices and how to respond to a hostage situation.
"Improving our security awareness, policies and procedures will improve employees' security at the most basic levels and will inspire confidence in our ability to handle emergency situations," the reports state. The documents are available on NASDPTS' Website at www.nasdpts.org in the "Security" section.
Get the latest news and most popular articles from SBF delivered straight to your inbox. Stay on top of the school bus industry and don't miss a thing!


text: April 4, 2013 Cast Of 'Walking Dead' Stops By Conan's Live Show (Video) We were all pretty sad when we lost Merle recently on AMC's 'The Walking Dead.' Conan O'Brien was recently taping a show when Merle showed up on the set with company. Watch the hilarity below. Related: No related posts. No related posts.


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Cute little blue pied male available. Turquoise and blue females and green fallow male and female available , too. They have all been handfed and most ready to go to their new homes.
Blue pied male $250
Female turquoise split pastel $250
Green fallow male $200
Green fallow female $175
Blue female $175
Blue pastel female (very light blue, almost white with silver) $200
Aug 30 -
Dallas :
Fort Worth - Birds
I have one last parrotlet baby left for sale.It is hand fed and tame baby.Sex unknown , which is available through DNA testing for Albino and Creamino parrotlets. Asking $150. Phone /text/ gets quickest reply.
Aug 24 -
Dallas :
Fort Worth - Birds
This little girl has earned her retirement. She's happy and playful.
Right now she's going through the end of a full molt so she's really
fluffed up. Her wings will be trimmed before she goes to her new
home. She is four years old, her life span is fifteen years. As a
young bird she was hand tame and can be again. I will give you
the info on how to re-tame her. She is a delight. Her fee ...
Aug 11 -
Dallas :
Fort Worth - Birds
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Announcement We specialize in beautiful blown glass wall art flowers for every decor!!
We specialize in beautiful blown glass wall art flowers for every decor!!
bearandbugs on Sep 13, 2016
These pieces are beautiful and shipped fast! I will order again.
Cindy Manahan on Aug 24, 2016
Just as described, fast shipper
Lena Guillory on Aug 8, 2016
Excellent customer service and wonderful quality work!!! This is my 2nd time buying from this shop. I love their beautiful ornaments and will be buying from them again! Happy customer
Wolf Art Glass & Pottery
Howdy! We are Austin, Texas artists Dean & Carrie Wolf. We specialize in beautiful blown glass ornaments and blown glass wall art.
We strive to put our own spin and purpose into our art, combining a passion for hot glass & pottery with eco-friendlier shop operations. In purchasing a piece from Wolf Art Glass, you can rest assured we crafted it with much love and with the most minimal carbon footprint we know how.
Shop members
Dean Wolf
Owner, Maker, Designer
Carrie Wolf
Owner, Designer, Assistant
Shop policies
Accepted payment methods
- Accepts Etsy gift cards
Payment must be made in full and have cleared before the item is shipped.
International Orders:
International orders are shipped via US Postal First Class mail.
You will receive a US Postal customs number when we ship your package. Although this custom number might (but not always) show tracking within the USA, it is not a true tracking number, and not able to track your package internationally. Our shipping prices do not include customs, excise or duty fees charged by the destination country.
If your Etsy and PayPal address differ, please let us know in the "message to seller" note during checkout. If you do not notify us and we cannot reach you via email to the email account you have with Etsy within 72 hours after payment we will ship the item to the address furnished by Etsy.
Should the shipment be returned due to non-delivery, the postage incurred is not refundable. The package will reship after buyer pays the postage to reship.
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If an item arrives damaged, please let us know immediately. A picture of the damage is also appreciated for the purpose of insurance claims.
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We handle custom orders on a case by case basis. We will also happily create a piece similar to another we may have already sold. All custom orders are paid in advance.


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Assembly line workers aid in the assembly of products during the manufacturing process. They use a variety of factory machinery, hand tools, and computers to complete their piece of the assembly process. The specifics duties of this job vary by the employer and industry. For example, depending on the employer and position, the assembly line worker might be responsible for several parts of the assembly at different points. Parts of the assembly process may require advanced skills and/or specific education.Read More...
The assembly line worker functions as one part of a potentially large team. As the work is often repetitive, the assembly line worker should be able to perform monotonous work at a fixed rate of speed for long periods while remaining focused and minimizing mistakes. Applicants for these positions typically must be physically fit and possess good endurance, and many assembly tasks require the line worker to possess good coordination and dexterity. The assembly line worker should be able to work quickly and with minimal direct supervision.
For many basic assembly line positions, a high school diploma or equivalent is typically sufficient education. Experience in manufacturing may be required or preferred. In certain industries, some assembly line workers may need to learn how to use advanced equipment, such as robotics, computers, and the assembly of certain objects; employers may offer on-the-job training for most tasks. Specific education may be required or preferred depending on the needs of the position.
Median of all compensation (including tips, bonus, and overtime) by years of experience.
Salaries of relatively inexperienced workers fall in the neighborhood of $25K, but folks who have racked up five to 10 years see a notably higher median of $29K. On average, Assembly Line Workers make $32K following one to two decades on the job. Survey participants with more than two decades under their belts actually report earning less than people with less experience; the former take home only $31K on average.
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Bill Goldberg is a former professional wrestler best known for his time in WCW and WWE. He is famous for holding the record for the largest undefeated winning streak in professional wrestling.
In April of 2001, Bill Goldberg purchased a mediterranean-style home in the city of Vista, Bonsall, California, on 17.5 acres. The home, which was built in 1997, offers over 4,600 square feet, a large swimming pool, and is worth approximately $2.5 million.
Satellite View of Bill Goldberg's Mansion:


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Welcome to Sea Marvel Solutions (SeaM)
Sea Marvel Technology Solutions was started in 2006 with the goal of providing technology solutions to Medium and Large Businesses. The company helps with Intergration and Developmentent solutions in the CRM space.
In 2008 we branched out into building desktop solftware solutions for business, some of our notable software products are HostEditor and PetResort.
In 2012 we decided to go Mobile and have since been building soluitons to meet the ever growing Mobile Market. Please check out the links on the page to see some of our more successful Mobile Ventures.
Our Products
We still provide project support in the CRM space but have also started focusing on our mobile calling
- nuQolus - Is a iPad based software that allows Landscape Architects bring life into their designs while sharing their creations with their clients via the cloud.
- MoblTabl - Is a mobile cloud based ordering system that helps Stadiums and Convention Centers capitalize on an added revenue stream.
- MapTractions - Is a Mobile park navigation software that ensures an enriched experience for visitors.
- MoblEar - A free app to help people with hearing disabilities hear the world around them (Targetted for Fall 2014)


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3 posts tagged with nealstephenson by Artw.
Displaying 1 through 3 of 3.
The Grasshopper Lies Heavy
How Philip K Dick transformed Hollywood, who could be Hollywood's next PKD and how PKD could change your life.
...I didn't actually read the link...
It's only natural that if you wish to present yourself as a well-read person, a certain degree of complete bullshit is required. There's no shame in lying about what you've read. There's only shame in getting caught. Then you look like a doofus, and an illiterate one at that... How to lie about books.
Make it work
"He's always thinking about lots of things — he's a pollinator, he brings ideas to the table" You probably know Neal Stephenson for his work as an author (generally in or adjacent to the Science Fiction genre), but he's also an inventor at Washington based "Idea Factory" Intellectual Ventures, a place with modern goals like stomping out malaria and preventing hurricanes. This is after his old job as part-time rocket scientist.
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These last couple of weeks have seen the release of some great tools to
help Rubyists develop programs following Test-First principles, and I'll
discuss three of them later in this article. But first, some thought-provoking
e-mail and blog posts have appeared recently in the Ruby community, and I'd like
to take a closer look at some of them here.
A favorite recurring event on the ruby-talk mailing list is the
Ruby Quiz, coordinated by
James Gray. He posts a new quiz on Friday of each week, often using
information contributed by other community members. Then, on the
following Thursday, he posts a discussion and summary of quiz solutions.
In mid-February, Gray posted Quiz 67, a series of
meta-programming koans that encouraged the Test-First development of a
building method for objects and classes. Working through the
various koans and reading the messages generated was a lot of fun for
the larger-than-normal crowd of participants.
Zenspider made a
pre-announcement of
multitest, a forthcoming addition to his ZenTest tools. If you've ever
been caught by a subtle change in Ruby from one version to another, this
looks like a godsend. multitest can run your test suite against
multiple versions of Ruby on each invocation, helping you catch problems
you ordinarily would not see.
One upcoming event that should be on your radar is Canada on Rails, the first
conference devoted to Ruby on Rails. It's being held in Vancouver, BC,
April 13 and 14. Featured speakers include David Heinemeier Hansson,
David Black and Geoffrey Grosenbach. It should be a great opportunity
to get more involved in the Ruby on Rails community.
Finally, a number of Ruby and Ruby on Rails books are fairly close
to publication. I've been watching some of them through early-access
programs, and I'm especially excited about two of them,
Integration with Ruby and
Ruby for
Rails. Both of them seem destined to be important
parts of any Rubyist's library.
What's in Your Toolbox?
This column's in-depth coverage focuses on tools for Test-First development. If
you're unfamiliar with Test-First development and would like to learn
more, here are some good resources:
- XP Magazine
- my
article at IBM Developerworks
- my earlier article on ZenTest
I like writing code Test-First, because I feel more confident about
what I've written. Using Test-First, I can complete a working
implementation quickly and can refactor to a better design easily.
It doesn't hurt that Ruby provides nice tools for working according to
Test-First principles or that some good Test-First tools are available
for Ruby.
My Test-First toolbox includes Test::Unit, rake, rcov, unit_diff and
autotest. The first two should be pretty familiar to most Ruby hackers. If you
haven't gotten to know them yet, Test::Unit is well documented in the
Axe book and at www.ruby-doc.org.
You can read more about rake in
IBM Developerworks article and in
this article
by Martin Fowler.
If you're not already using Test::Unit and rake, take some
time to learn about using these excellent tools. Test::Unit is
distributed with Ruby, and rake is available as a rubygem from RubyForge.
As for the other tools in my toolbox, rcov is a code coverage analysis
tool. When run against a unit test suite, it generates a call coverage
analysis of the implementation code. rcov is available from eigenclass.org. You
can generate HTML output--take a look at an example here--or ASCII
output, a truncated form of which is shown below. rcov works fairly
fast; running a program with rcov is only two or three times as slow
as running the program normally. In addition, rcov produces nice,
useful results.
class MockDB | 2 | 0 def exec(query, &block) | 11 case query.split(' ')[3] | 5 when 'zero' | 5 num = 0 | 1 when 'one' | 4 num = 1 | 1 else | 0 num = 2 | 3 end | 0 | 0 yield [num] | 5 | 0 end | 0 | 0 end | 0
You run rcov against a test suite like this:
$ rcov test/test_hostname
Additional command-line options of interest include:
- -t: generate plain-text output
- -T: generate fancy-text output
- -p: generate profiling output
- -x: exclude files; this one takes a comma-separated list of
- --no-html: don't create HTML files
If you choose to generate text output, it may be worthwhile to redirect
the output to a file. Or, you might want to use
tee to dump it to a file--rcov output can
get pretty long.
Although coverage tools normally are used to show where you need to
write more tests, I recently had an experience in which rcov led me to a
refactoring. I'd been writing hostname checking code Test-First for a
couple of hours and had implemented a number of checks. I decided to
take a break from writing code and see how good my coverage was. I
expected it to be at 100%, but sometimes it's nice to see that proven.
So, I was shocked to see a red band at the end of a green bar. Something
wasn't being tested!
I walked through the code and my assertions. I could see where I was
testing the failure case, but rcov didn't believe me. It turned out that
a check I had implemented after the uncovered one duplicated the test,
so my failures were caught before I ever got there. I needed either to
split my checking method or eliminate the dead code. Thanks to
rcov, my code ended up being a method smaller.
The current release of rcov does have a small bug that you'll want to
watch out for. It doesn't look for line continuations after "and" or
"or" statements. This is a one-line fix to the rcov code, and Mauricio
will have it in the next release.
To return to the other tools in my toolbox, autotest and unit_diff are distributed with
which is available as a rubygem. They both are meant to help ease continuous
testing into your routine.
With your code in ./lib and your tests in ./test, autotest slurps up
the test files, runs them and displays the
results. It builds a map between the test and the implementation files,
classes and methods. Each time you save a file in the map or create a
file that gets put into the list, it reruns the tests. Any time a
test fails, autotest enters a tighter loop, running only the failing
tests. This allows you to catch the failing code almost immediately and
focus on correcting it.
It took a couple of hours of working with autotest before I
got into the rhythm of it. The first things I did with it were
small tasks--I updated some tests for Ruby 1.8.4--so autotest didn't have
time to cycle through the whole sleep, scan for changes and run the
test suite cycle. autotest has a way of dealing with this, however;
pressing Ctrl-c once reruns the tests immediately. Pressing the key
combination twice terminates autotest.
I also found that autotest doesn't like it when the tests fail to run.
When I'm writing code Test-First, at the beginning of a development
cycle, I often require an implementation file that doesn't exist.
During regular development, I'm liable to include a typo or syntax
error. Any of these result in autotest printing the Ruby-generated
error message and then a line that says:
# Test::Unit died, you did a really bad thing, retrying in 10
It's not the best thing for your ego, but it is a descriptive way to throw a
red flag and keep you on track.
One last failing: autotest also doesn't like Emacs-generated autosave
files and crashes anytime it finds one. A simple patch has been posted to
the ZenTest RubyForge project. A new release is on the horizon, so
this problem should go away soon.
unit_diff is another small program that quickly becomes invaluable. It
pushes the "expected" and "received" portions of the output from a
failed assertion through diff, thereby reducing large chunks of text to
something much more manageable. Eric Hodel, unit_diff's author, says
the program was written to help with ParseTree development, where
any failed assertion might produce multiple screens of dense, hard-to-read
output. unit_diff turns this nightmare into two or three lines that
show the exact error. In addition, I've found it to be invaluable when working with
XML output.
unit_diff is easy to run, too. Simply pipe your normal tests through it,
like so:
$ ruby test/test_hostname |unit_diff
Any errors it finds are captured and displayed appropriately.
Hopefully, you've enjoyed this little walk through some Ruby Test-First
development tools. I'll be back soon to talk about more Ruby topics.
If you'd like to see me cover specific topics, please feel free to
leave a comment here.
Thanks for contributing another great article on Ruby. I look forward to your future articles.
just a quick update.
just a quick update. zenspider has renamed multitest to multiruby. It still looks cool though!
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Dean J. MagarianNovember 17,2012Dean J. Magarian
MANCHESTER Dean James Magarian, 53, died Friday, Nov. 16, 2012, at his home.
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