text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 20, 2006
|Filing date
|Apr 23, 2003
|Priority date
|Apr 23, 2003
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|David D. Verness
|Original Assignee
|Medtronic, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (17), Non-Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (23), Classifications (10), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to implantable medical devices (IMDs) intended for chronic implantation in the body and particularly to electrical medical leads for applying electrical stimulation to and/or sensing electrical activity of the body, particularly cardiac leads for applying electrical stimulation to and/or sensing electrical activity of the heart at one or more electrode positioned at a cardiac implantation site within a heart chamber or cardiac vessel adjacent a heart chamber.
Implantable medical electrical stimulation and/or sensing leads intended for chronic implantation in the body are well known in the fields of cardiac stimulation and monitoring, including cardiac pacing and cardioversion/defibrillation, and in other fields of electrical stimulation or monitoring of electrical signals or other physiologic parameters. In the field of cardiac stimulation and monitoring, endocardial leads are placed through a transvenous route to locate one or more sensing and/or stimulation electrode along or at the distal end of the lead in a desired location in a chamber of the heart or a blood vessel of the heart. In order to achieve reliable sensing of the cardiac electrogram and/or to apply stimulation that effectively paces or cardioverts the heart chamber, it is necessary to accurately position the electrode surface against the endocardium or within the myocardium at the desired site and fix it during an acute post-operative phase until fibrous tissue growth occurs.
The pacemaker or implantable cardioverter/defibrillator (ICD) implantable pulse generator (IPG) or the monitor is typically coupled to the heart through one or more of such endocardial leads having a lead body extending between a proximal lead connector assembly and distal electrode. The proximal lead connector assembly comprising one or more connector element is connected with a connector header of the IPG or monitor. The lead body typically comprises one or more insulated conductive wire surrounded by an insulating outer sleeve. Each conductive wire couples a proximal lead connector element with a distal stimulation and/or sensing electrode. An endocardial cardiac lead having a single stimulation and/or sensing electrode at the lead distal end and a single conductive wire is referred to as a unipolar lead. An endocardial cardiac lead having two or more stimulation and/or sensing electrodes at the lead distal end and two or more conductive wires is referred to as a bipolar lead or a multi-polar lead, respectively.
In order to implant an endocardial lead within a heart chamber, a transvenous approach is utilized wherein the lead is inserted into and passed through the sub-clavian, jugular, or cephalic vein and through the superior vena cava into the right atrium or ventricle as depicted, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,545,203. An active or passive fixation mechanism is incorporated into the distal end of the endocardial lead and deployed to maintain the distal end electrode in contact with the endocardium or within the myocardium at the implantation site. An introduction mechanism, e.g., a stiffening stylet and/or a guide catheter, is employed to advance the distal electrode(s) to the electrode implantation site(s).
More recently, endocardial pacing and cardioversion/defibrillation leads have been developed that are adapted to be advanced using particular guide mechanisms into the coronary sinus and coronary veins branching therefrom in order to locate the distal electrode(s) adjacent to the left ventricle or the left atrium. The distal end of such coronary sinus leads is advanced through the superior vena cava, the right atrium, the valve of the coronary sinus, the coronary sinus, and into a coronary vein communicating with the coronary sinus, such as the great vein. Typically, coronary sinus leads do not employ any fixation mechanism and instead rely on the close confinement within these vessels to maintain each electrode at a desired site although active fixation mechanisms, e.g., minute helixes that are screwed into the vessel wall, can be employed.
The heart beats approximately 100,000 times per day or over 30 million times a year, and each beat stresses the lead conductors and insulation. Over the years of implantation, the lead conductors and insulation are subjected to cumulative mechanical stresses as well as material reactions that can result in degradation of the insulation or fractures of the lead conductors with untoward effects on IMD performance and patient well-being. The endocardial lead bodies of pacing and ICD leads are subjected to continuous stretching and flexing as the heart contracts and relaxes and are formed to be highly flexible, resilient, and durable employing durable bio-compatible lead conductor and insulator materials and structures.
Initially developed chronically implanted unipolar and bipolar cardiac pacing leads employed flexible silicone rubber tube having a single lumen and two lumens, respectively in which single filar wire conductors formed of stainless steel and later of MP35N alloy that were wound into wire coils were inserted and electrically coupled to a proximal lead connector element and a distal pace/sense electrode. Early implantable, endocardial and epicardial, bipolar cardiac pacing leads of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,348,548, that were clinically implanted in the 1960s, had two lumens arranged side-by-side and coiled wire conductors disposed in each lumen. The wire coil and silicone rubber tube of such endocardial pacing leads allow the lead body to stretch axially and provide a coil lumen for receiving a stiffening stylet during transvenous lead advancement.
Such lead bodies fabricated at that time were relatively large in diameter, and the side-by-side arrangement was believed to be responsible for lead body fractures. In addition, effective passive and active distal fixation mechanisms were not available, and displacement of the distal electrodes were common occurrences. Surgeons resorted to stiffening the lead body by leaving the stylet in place to prevent dislodgement, but the stiffening stylet then often fractured within the wire coil lumen, and the sharp broken stylet ends initiated a lead fracture. Moreover, a portion of the lead body was (and is to the present time) often implanted between the first rib and right clavicle as illustrated in the above-referenced '545 patent, and the stresses on the lead body caused the relatively large diameter lead insulator and body to be crushed and fracture.
A great deal of effort has been undertaken over the years to reduce these complications by developing fracture and crush resistant lead bodies and to provide the above-mentioned active and passive fixation mechanisms that effectively reduced lead dislodgement. At the same time, many other material and structural improvements have been made in lead conductors, lead insulators, electrodes, and various other electrical medical lead components to reduce the lead body diameter and increase its lubricity, to increase conductivity of the lead conductor, to increase the number of lead-borne electrodes, to decrease stimulation thresholds, particularly cardioversion/defibrillation and pacing thresholds, and optimize sensing of the electrogram, to reduce inflammation at the electrode-tissue interface, to optimize electrode shapes and materials, to incorporate sensors in some instances, and to otherwise simplify implantation, reduce complications, assure reliable pacing and cardioversion/defibrillation, and increase the implantation lifetime of such cardiac leads and other electrical medical leads. In particular, many changes have been made in the materials used in and the fabrication of lead bodies extending between the proximal lead connector assembly and distal electrodes(s) and sensor(s).
Most current endocardial cardiac leads employ multi-filar, parallel-wound, coiled wire conductors electrically connected in common in an electrically redundant fashion as a single polarity lead conductor in each of the unipolar, bipolar and multi-polar lead configurations. Such redundant coiled wire conductors of bipolar and multi-polar lead bodies are coaxially arranged about the stiffening stylet receiving lumen and insulated from one another by coaxially arranged insulating sheaths separating each coiled wire conductor from the adjacent coiled wire conductor(s). The number of separate lead conductors that can be incorporated in a lead body of a given diameter is limited in this coaxial winding approach.
In certain cases, the need for increased numbers of lead conductors in the lead body has led to the development of separately insulated, coiled wire conductors that are parallel-wound with a common diameter and are separately coupled between a proximal connector element and to a distal electrode or terminal in the manner described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,007,435, for example. The coaxial construction technique may also be combined with the parallel-winding technique to multiply the total number of separate coiled wire conductors accommodated within a specified endocardial lead body outer diameter.
Improvements in stranded wire conductors and lead body materials have more recently led to the combination of substantially straight, stranded wire conductors and at least one coiled wire conductor providing a stylet lumen as illustrated in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,584,873, 6,052,625, and 6,285,910, for example. In these lead bodies, ETFE sleeve insulators encase the stranded wire conductors, and a PTFE sleeve insulator surrounds the multi-filar, coiled wire, conductor. The insulated wire conductors are received in lumens of an elongated lead body insulator that also incorporates elongated, empty, compression lumens.
Typically, the lumens in lead body insulators receiving substantially straight, stranded wire conductors or coiled wire conductors are not otherwise filled with a filler or the like. However, the above-referenced '203 patent discloses coaxial lead bodies of the types disclosed above as well as a lead body incorporating multiple, coiled wire conductors arranged side-by-side within lumens of the lead body insulator. The lumens are also reinforced against crushing with a liquid polymer, e.g., Silastic� silicone rubber, silicone rubber adhesive or polyurethane, that solidifies in place. However, encasing the turns of the coiled wire conductors along the length of the lead body with such materials can stiffen the lead body unduly and may increase the likelihood of stress-related fracture at other points along the lead body.
To some extent, it has been recognized that the relative movement of lead conductors with respect to the surrounding wall of silicone rubber tube can abrade the conductors or tube, perhaps due to the abrasive action of silica of the silicone rubber compound, and cause the lead body to fail. In commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,796,044, coiled wire, single filar and multi-filar, conductors are disclosed that are sheathed loosely within a separate, coiled, insulating sheath allowing a gap or space to be present between the exterior surface of the coiled wire conductor and the adjacent interior surface of the insulating sheath. The insulating sheath is loosely fitted around the coiled wire conductor to avoid concentrating corrosion effects at the site of a defect, allowing any corrosion that may occur as a result of the defect to be spread over a larger wire surface. The coiled insulating sheath is preferably included within the lumen of a non-coiled outer insulating sheath.
It is suggested in U.S. Pat. No. 3,333,045 that the tube lumen be backfilled with a liquid silicone fluid or powdered ETFE to lubricate the surfaces of the lumens of silicone rubber tube receiving stranded, drawn-brazed stranded (DBS) wires, loosely coiled into coiled wire conductors. Incorporating such non-conductive lubricating or reinforcing materials within the conductor lumen of a lead body insulator may or may not reduce the possibility of lead conductor fracture through abrasion or crushing. The electrical connection between the distal electrode or sensor and the proximal lead connector element is interrupted if a fracture of the lead conductor does occur with or without the lubricating or reinforcing materials within the lead conductor lumen.
It has been proposed to include other materials or mechanisms to provide a form of redundancy with the coiled or straight stranded wire conductor to compensate for a complete fracture or the reduced conductivity attendant to a partial fracture of the conductor. In U.S. Pat. No. 4,033,355, the coiled wire conductor is tightly fitted within a conductive silicone rubber tube, e.g., silicone rubber compounded with conductive particles, e.g., carbon. The tight fitting is determined to be necessary to ensure that the wire coil turns make intimate contact with the conductive silicone rubber so that a section of conductive silicone rubber bridges any fractured ends of the wire conductor. An internal block of conductive silicone rubber surrounding a section of the coiled wire conductor within the lead connector assembly of the cardiac pacing lead disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,924,639 is provided to make a temporary electrical connection with the lead conductor. The use of conductive silicone rubber as disclosed in the '355 patent raises the same issues of reduced lead body flexibility and abrasion possibly increasing the risk of fracture as the use of the tight fitting electrically insulating silicone rubber disclosed in the above-referenced '203 patent. While such silicone rubber materials can be made conductive by incorporating suspended conductive particles to a certain degree, but the conductivity does not match that of the lead conductor itself.
Endocardial leads that have an increased resistance to fracture and the capability of continued function after fracture of a lead conductor are disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,018,683, 6,061,598, 6,119,042 and 6,285,910 and in the above-referenced '044 patent. The endocardial leads are provided with a monofilar or multi-filar coiled wire conductor that extends along the length of the lead body between a proximal electrical connector element and a distal electrode in a conventional manner. In addition, a stranded wire conductor extends loosely along the coiled wire conductor from a point along the lead body located proximal to the point of expected breakage of the coiled wire conductor to a point along the lead body located distal to the point of expected breakage. In certain embodiments, the proximal and distal ends of the stranded wire conductor are electrically and mechanically coupled to the coiled wire conductor, limiting the extensibility of the coiled wire conductor, rendering the coiled wire conductor less susceptible to axially applied tensile forces, and also providing for continued electrical connection between the connector element and the electrode in the event that the coiled wire conductor fractures intermediate the proximal and distal ends of the stranded wire conductor. In other embodiments, the stranded wire conductor is coupled only at its proximal or distal end to the coiled wire conductor or may simply be located in the same lumen as the coiled wire conductor without mechanical connection to the coiled conductor. Due to the confines of the lumen, the stranded and coiled wire conductors come into contact at numerous points along their respective lengths so that a mechanical connection is not necessary.
The fabrication of electrical medical lead bodies often requires directing lead conductors through cavities in the lead body insulator other than conductor lumens per se in order to make electrical connections to lead connector elements or distal electrodes or sensors. For example, the lead body insulator of the endocardial leads disclosed in the above referenced '625, '873, '683, '598, '042 and '910 incorporate bifurcation sleeves or trifurcation sleeves in order to connect two or three, respectively, connector assemblies to selected lead conductors that are diverted through branch sleeve cavities or lumens. These sleeve lumens are typically backfilled with liquid silicone rubber adhesive that solidifies within the cavity about the short segments of conductor wire traversing the cavity and immobilizes them. At times, the immobilization of the lead conductor segment can cause or does not prevent the lead conductor traversing the sleeve lumen to fracture due to chronically applied stress.
It is therefore desirable to provide a relatively simple, electrically redundant, bridging of a fractured wire conductor traversing a cavity, lumen or other space of the lead body.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, cavities, lumens or other spaces (herein referred to collectively as lumens) of a cardiac lead body adjacent to a lead conductor are filled with a solid rigid electrically conductive foam, particularly a conductive aerogel, that presents a "deformable space" to the lead conductor traversing the lumen.
The solid rigid, conductive aerogel foam is in intimate contact with the un-insulated surface of the lead conductor providing a redundant conductive path alongside the conductor. A fracture of the lead conductor section that increases conductor resistance or results in an open circuit is bridged by a continuous segment of the conductive aerogel that the lead conductor contacts.
In fabrication, the lead conductor is preferably coated with a fluid conductive aerogel that solidifies about the lead conductor between the lead conductor and an insulating tube, sheath or layer surrounding the lead conductor.
The solidified conductive aerogel is relatively rigid but can be stretched, crushed, or deformed when a sufficient force is applied. During chronic implantation, the solidified, conductive, aerogel is stretched, compressed or deformed by flexing of the lead conductor within the lead body insulator due to externally applied stresses, whereby the lead conductor is allowed to flex within the space created by the deformation thereby releasing stress on the lead conductor. The solidified conductive aerogel is also deformed if a crushing force is applied to the lead body. The deformation crushes the conductive aerogel upon itself to the extent that the lead conductor is bent or crushed but the conductive aerogel does not itself fracture and makes contact with the lead conductor to bridge any lead conductor fracture due to crushing or severe bending. The crushed conductive aerogel retains its conductivity providing a conductive bridge across any lead conductor fracture.
Conductive or non-conductive aerogels can be employed to fill spaces in other IMDs where it would be desirable to restrict motion of conductors or other components disposed within the space that would lead to fracture or failure over prolonged exposure to applied stresses.
This summary of the invention has been presented here simply to point out some of the ways that the invention overcomes difficulties presented in the prior art and to distinguish the invention from the prior art and is not intended to operate in any manner as a limitation on the interpretation of claims that are presented initially in the patent application and that are ultimately granted.
These and other advantages and features of the present invention will be more readily understood from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments thereof, when considered in conjunction with the drawings, in which like reference numerals indicate identical structures throughout the several views, and wherein:
In the following detailed description, references are made to illustrative embodiments of methods and apparatus for carrying out the invention. It is understood that other embodiments can be utilized without departing from the scope of the invention.
In accordance with the present invention, conductive aerogels are incorporated into IMDs and preferred embodiments incorporating conductive aerogels into implantable medical lead bodies are described herein. As characterized by D. R. Rolison et al., "Aerogels . . . are nanoscale mesoporous materials of low density and high surface area . . . in which nano-meter solid domains (the "being") are networked through a continuous highly porous volume of free space (the "nothingness") . . ." (see "Electrically conductive oxide aerogels: new materials in electrochemistry", J. Mater. Chem., 2001, 11:963–80). A typical aerogel is 99.8% air (nothingness) and 0.2% matter (being) and is the lightest known material weighing about 3 milligrams per cubic centimeter and one of the best known thermal insulators. Aerogel is sometimes called "solid smoke" because of its extraordinarily low density and the bluish cast it takes when light shines on it.
The first non-conductive aerogels were created in the 1930s of silicon dioxide and have largely remained a scientific curiosity, but various potential uses of non-conductive and more recently developed conductive aerogels are outlined in the Rolison et al. article, including use as insulators, sensor elements, Cerenkov detectors, in Space Shuttle missions and in the "Stardust" mission launched Feb. 7, 1999, to intercept the tail of comet Wild-2 in 2004, capture samples of the comet's tail and return to earth with the samples.
The Rolison article describes a variety of conductive aerogels, including the early-developed aerogels rendered conductive by incorporating carbon soot into the "being" or incorporating various metal oxides into the "being". Preferred conductive aerogels can be formed incorporating platinum and gold particles or various metal oxides within the aerogel. Aerogels are produced from certain gels described in the Rolison article, for example, by heating the gel under pressure, which causes the liquid in the gel to become supercritical (in a state between a liquid and a gas) and lose its surface tension. In this state, the liquid may be removed from the gel by applying additional heat, without disrupting the porous network formed by the gel's solid component. Exemplary methods of fabricating and potential uses of the conductive metal oxide aerogels in electrochemical cells, capacitors, catalytic converters, and the like are described in the Rolison article.
It is my belief that such aerogels, particularly conductive aerogels, can be advantageously used in many IMD applications. Particular exemplary uses in the context of an electrical medical lead having a flexible and resilient lead body that is likely to be subjected to bending and compression stresses when implanted in the body are described as follows.
In fabrication, one or more lead conductor is extended through a conductor lumen, and a mass of fluid conductive aerogel is deposited within at least a portion of and extending for a distance along the elongated lumen in contact with the conductor. The deposition is preferably effected by coating the surface of the conductor with a fluid conductive aerogel before the aerogel coated conductor is covered by an insulating sheath or fitted into a lumen of an insulating tube or tube. The coating can be formed by extrusion of the fluid conductive aerogel over a continuous length of the conductor. The fluid conductive aerogel solidifies in intimate contact with the conductor to provide a generally rigid support of the lead conductor and a deformable space thereover.
The solidified conductive aerogel is relatively rigid but can be crushed or deformed or stretched axially when a sufficient force is applied. Thus, the conductive aerogel becomes a deformed space. Preferably, one or more further non-conductive polymer layers can be extruded over the conductive aerogel layer.
It will be understood that the present invention can be practiced in the context of any electrical medical lead, e.g., any conventional cardiac pacing leads, ICD leads, neurostimulation leads, etc., and that the figure merely illustrate one exemplary electrical medical lead.
The distal region of the lead 100 includes a number of components, in this embodiment, including an elongated, open-coil, proximal cardioversion/defibrillation electrode 26, an elongated open-coil, distal cardioversion/defibrillation electrode 24 and a distal tip-ring assembly. The elongated open-coil structure retains flexibility in along the lengths of the proximal and distal cardioversion/defibrillation electrodes 26 and 24. The distal tip-ring assembly includes distal tip pace/sense electrode 12, tine sheath 16 carrying tines 14, tip-ring spacer component 18, ring-shaped pace/sense electrode 20, and ring-coil spacer component 22. The tine sleeve 16 fabricated of silicone rubber or a relatively softer polyurethane, and the tip-ring and ring-tip spacers 18 and 22 fabricated of relatively harder plastics, for example polyurethane having a Shore hardness of at least 75D, to provide a relatively rigid distal tip-ring assembly extending to the distal end of distal defibrillation.
The lead body insulator in the intermediate region comprises an elongated tubular lead body insulator 11, depicted in cross-section in
The lead body insulator 11 in the distal region is preferably fabricated of polyurethane and supports various insulating components and spacers supporting the distal array of components, e.g., electrodes 12, 20, 24 and 26 and the distal passive fixation tine sheath 16 as disclosed in detail in the above-referenced '625 patent. The lead body 10 comprises four mutually insulated, elongated conductors disposed within the lead body insulator 11 that are not visible in
Connector assembly 30 supports a single connector pin 34, coupled to the conductor coupled to the distal cardioversion/defibrillation electrode 24, and is provided with sealing rings 32 to seal the connector assembly 30 within the connector bore of an ICD IPG connector header upon implantation. Similarly, connector assembly 46 is provided with a single connector pin 50 coupled to the conductor coupled to the proximal cardioversion/defibrillation electrode 26, and is provided with sealing rings 48 to seal the connector assembly 46 within a further connector bore of an ICD IPG connector header upon implantation. Connector assembly 36 takes the form of an IS-1 type connector assembly provided with a connector pin 44 coupled to the coiled conductor extending to tip pace/sense electrode 12 and a connector ring 38 coupled to a cabled conductor extending to ring-shaped pace/sense electrode 20. Sealing rings 40 and 42 provide a seal between connector pin 44 and connector ring 38 and seal the connector assembly 36 within the connector bore of the ICD IPG connector block upon implantation.
As shown in
In the preferred embodiment, a coiled wire conductor 60 extends through a lumen 82 between distal tip pace/sense electrode 12 and connector pin 44 via trifurcation sleeve 28 and insulating sleeve 37. Stranded wire cable conductors 84 and 88 extend through respective lumens 76 and 80 between the respective proximal and distal coil cardioversion/defibrillation electrodes 24 and 26 and respective connector pins 34 and 50 via trifurcation sleeve 28 and respective insulating sleeves 31 and 47. A further stranded wire cable conductor 68 extends through a fourth lumen 78 between the ring-shaped pace/sense electrode 20 and connector ring 38 via trifurcation sleeve 28 and insulating sleeve 37.
Despite the care taken in design and fabrication, there remains a risk of damage to lead conductors 60, 68, 84 and 88 within the respective lumens 82, 78, 82 and 80 as the lead body 10 is flexed repeatedly as in the direction C—C depicted in
The solidified conductive aerogel coatings fill an elongated cavity or space surround the outer surfaces of the stranded wire conductors 68, 84, and 88 within the insulating layers 72, 86 and 90. Solidified conductive aerogel also coats the coiled wire conductor 60 within the lumen of tube 62. The solidified conductive aerogel also extends along the lengths of the respective lumens 76, 78, 80, and 82 and is deformed if sufficient force is applied to the lead body 10. The deformation crushes the solidified conductive aerogel upon itself to the extent that the lead conductors are bent or crushed. The crushed mass of conductive aerogel does not itself fracture and makes contact with the lead conductors to bridge any lead conductor fractures due to crushing or severe bending. The crushed conductive aerogel retains its conductivity providing a conductive bridge across any lead conductor fractures.
Referring to
Referring to
The application of insulating sheaths or the formation of insulating layers 72, 86, 90 over the aerogel layers 69, 85, and 89, respectively, effectively creates sheath or layer lumens filled with the aerogel layers 69, 85, and 89 and the stranded wire cable conductors 68, 84, and 88, respectively.
The coiled wire conductor 60 can be formed of a single coiled wire or can be formed of multi-filar stranded cable conductor wound into a coil, e.g., the seven wire strands as shown, for example, in greater detail in
The stranded wire cable conductors 68, 84, and 88 shown in greater detail in
The outer diameters of the insulating layers 72, 86 and 90 and tube 62 are smaller than the diameters of the respective lumens 76, 78, 80, and 82, respectively to facilitate assembly. It will be understood that the relative thicknesses of the ETFE or PTFE layer 72, the ETFE layers 86 and 90, and the tube 62 to the diameters of the lead conductors 68, 84, 86 and 60, respectively, that they encase or surround are exaggerated for ease of illustration in the drawing figures.
The section view of
Proximal segments of the stranded wire cable conductors 84 and 88 coated with conductive aerogel layers 85 and 89, respectively, and over-coated with insulating layers 86 and 90, respectively, extend proximally from the lumens 76 and 80, respectively, through the lumens 138 and 140, respectively, and then through the respective insulating sleeves 31 and 47 to the respective lead connector pins 34 and 50 depicted in
The sleeve branch lumens 138 and 140 defined within trifurcation sleeve 28 are then typically backfilled with silicone rubber medical adhesive, providing a mechanical interconnection of all the components therein. The silicone rubber adhesive interconnection also assists in mechanically coupling the proximal end of the lead body insulator 74 to the trifurcation sleeve 28. As noted above, this fabrication results in a stiff and unyielding structure. In reference to
In accordance with the present invention, the conductive aerogel coatings or layers 85 and 89 surrounding the stranded wire conductors 84 and 86 provide a deformable space that changes with the flexing and/or fracture of the stranded wire conductors 84 and 86. For example, fractures of the stranded wire conductors 84 and 86 can occur in the respective trifurcation branches 33 and 49 due to movement in the directions A and B of
Such deformation of the conductive aerogel layer or coating 85 and 89 surrounding one of the above-described stranded wire cable conductors 84 and 88 that fractures in response to movement or deformation of the respective trifurcation branches 33 and 49 in the respective directions A and B of
Through the concave bend "A", the conductive aerogel coating or layer 85 or 89 between the fractured ends FE1 and FE2 is effectively stretched somewhat and pushed into the gap by forces applied through or by the surrounding polymeric lead body, e.g., the medical adhesive filling the surrounding space as shown in
On the opposite side of the stranded wire cable conductor 84 or 88, the conductive aerogel coating or layer 85 or 89 tends to bunch and become thicker in the concave bend "D". The conductive aerogel coating or layer 85 or 89 tends to stretch longitudinally and outward away from the stranded wire cable conductor 84 or 88 in the convex bend segment El that encompasses the stranded wire cable conductor 84 or 88. The conductive aerogel coating or layer 85 or 89 tends to stretch longitudinally and become thinner in the in the convex bend segment E2 that bridges the gap until the curvature changes. The conductive aerogel coating or layer 85 or 89 tends to bunch and be pushed into the gap by forces applied through or by the surrounding polymeric lead body, e.g., the medical adhesive, in the concave bend F that extends along the gap to the fractured end F1.
Thus, the conductive aerogel is expected to maintain an electrical circuit bridging the gap between the fractured ends FE1 and FE2. It is expected that the conductive aerogel coatings would behave in a similar manner throughout the lead body and over both the illustrated straight and coiled wire conductors. Moreover, it is expected that the conductive aerogel coatings would behave in a similar manner when incorporated into the fabrication of lead bodies of the other types described above to cover or encase straight and coiled single and multi-filar wire conductors.
All patents and publications referenced herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties; it will be understood that specifically described structures, functions and operations set forth in the above-referenced patents can be practiced in conjunction with the present invention, but they are not essential to its practice.
It will be understood that certain of the above-described structures, functions and operations of the above-described preferred embodiments are not necessary to practice the present invention and are included in the description simply for completeness of an exemplary embodiment or embodiments.
It is therefore to be understood, that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described without actually departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
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|Nov 1, 2007
|Carney James K
|Contactless Interconnect for Transducers
|Jan 8, 2008
|Jul 10, 2008
|Angel Medical Systems, Inc.
|Adaptive conductive lead systems
|Jan 29, 2009
|May 28, 2009
|Fort Wayne Metals Research Products Corporation
|Drawn strand filled tubing wire
|Apr 7, 2009
|Oct 7, 2010
|Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation
|Systems and methods for coupling conductors to conductive contacts of electrical stimulation systems
|Jul 13, 2012
|Feb 14, 2013
|Arthur J. Foster
|Medical device lead with conductor fracture prediction
|Dec 11, 2013
|Jun 26, 2014
|Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation
|Leads with proximal stiffening and related methods of use and manufacture
|Jun 9, 2014
|Dec 11, 2014
|Sorin Crm Sas
|Detection/stimulation implantable microlead incorporating an anti-inflammatory agent
|U.S. Classification
|607/116, 607/115, 607/119, 607/122
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Apr 23, 2003
Owner name: MEDTRONIC, INC., MINNESOTA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VERNESS, DAVID D.;REEL/FRAME:014004/0392
Effective date: 20030422
|Nov 20, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jan 31, 2014
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jun 20, 2014
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Aug 12, 2014
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20140620


text:
- Age / Gender:
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- 4/5/13
- All Stats >
Toonbox was founded in 2008 by Pavel Muntyan (CEO) and Vladimir Ponomarev (Creative Director). To date, the studio has produced more than 260 projects, totaling more than 12 hours of high-quality animation content recognized around the world.
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Ooops! Uh… Close the door! Get all of the young children out of here, and put your hands where I can see them! Do it! Today I'm going to tell you about a joyful and pleasant pastime, a piece of a pocket-size happiness for anyone, a path to pure pleasure that can begin anywhere and at any time at all. And if you want to play along, there's only one tool that you'll need at hand. Are you intrigued? Wonderful!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
June 26, 2013
I'd just like to talk shop and keep abreast of the latest UX tools, techniques and practices.
UX Developer
I'm a "UX Developer" which right now means I do about 80% web application development (with a focus on the UI) and about 20% guerilla UX.
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Become a member and get unlimited access to the entire skills library of over 4,987 courses, including more Developer and personalized recommendations.Start Your Free Trial Now
- Overview
- Transcript
- View Offline
There are three possible scenarios when the user arrives at your website: they have the current version of Silverlight installed on their computer; they have a previous version of Silverlight installed on their computer; there's also the slight chance that they do not have any version of Silverlight installed. If they are not current, it only takes a few seconds to install the newest runtime and best of all, the Silverlight plug-in takes care of all the details. Let me show you what the install experience looks like on a computer without Silverlight. Now, I already have Silverlight installed in this computer and I'll bet you already have it on your computer too. So, I'll show you a way to test your applications to simulate not having Silverlight installed.
First, I'm going to open my Google Chrome browser and I've navigated to my shazzam-tool.com site. This is a Silverlight application, and as you can see, it is running in the browser. Now, I'll switch to Internet Explorer and in Internet Explorer I've loaded the same URL. What I have done in Internet Explorer is to disable the Silverlight plug-in. That is a good way to simulate not having Silverlight installed. To do this, you go to the Options menu>Internet Options and then go to Programs>Manage add-ons.
I like to view all add-ons and then scroll down to the Microsoft section and choose Microsoft Silverlight and then click on the Disable button. I've already done that. So, what happens when I go to this page is this is the simulated UI that the user would see if they were coming in without Silverlight installed. What they do then is click on this badge, click on Run and they're prompted with this Install Silverlight screen. At this point, they could click the Install Now button. After about 10 seconds it'll be installed on their local computer.
I'm going to cancel this process. Some companies like to rebrand this user interface with their own look. Let me show you an example. Here's the Netflix website. I've clicked on their instant queue and I want to watch this movie. It has detected that I don't have the Silverlight plug-in installed, so they showed this custom UI. It's a much nicer looking interface but it works about the same. You click on this Install Now button and you see the same steps you saw a few minutes ago. Let me re-enable the plug-in. I'll show you what happens. Click on Enable and then Close and then OK, go back to my Shazzam site, click on Refresh and now it detects that I do have the plug-in installed and it's ready to go.
Now let me show you how you can write your own custom UI in your own Silverlight application like Netflix did. I'm inside Visual Studio and I've opened this solution called EndUserInstall. This has a Silverlight application and it has a Companion website. It's the Companion website that we're interested in. First, I'll show you the default look. I'm going to open this NotInstalled_ DefaultLook and I'm going to make this my startup page by right-clicking and choosing Set as Start Page. This is an HTML page that has a Silverlight object tag embedded in it and then the key thing here for this demo is which version of Silverlight is it looking for? Down here it says the minimum runtime version expected is version 5.0.
That's the current version as of the recording of this video. There's also a link down here that takes you off to the Microsoft website and notice how it has the version number embedded in it too. So, when you click on the Install link, it takes you off to the Microsoft servers and it finds the correct or the newest version of Silverlight and installs that version. Let's see what this looks like. I'll press F5 to run the application and there's my simple Silverlight application. Now, to simulate a future version, what I can do is change the version number. So, let me open up this HTML page here and scroll down to the User Control and what I've done on line 67 is change the minimum runtime value to a bogus version number.
There's no version 8 yet. I've also modified this link to the Microsoft servers. So, now when I run this page by pressing F5, the browser loads the Silverlight runtime. The runtime checks the version number and sees that it's not available and takes me to this prompt screen asking me to install the more recent version of Silverlight. So, it's saying you have version 5 but you need a newer version. It's not actually telling to use which version number but it's implying that I need to install a newer version. Now, to create my own screen here, what I do is I have to modify little bit of my HTML.
So, let's set this as my start page. Now the first thing I did in my plug-in, in this object tag, is I set this parameter "autoUpgrade" value="false". Now, it'll know longer show the default UI. I've set the bogus number here, so it's asking for a future version, and when it detects that this is not available, it's going to go and load my JavaScript code up here. So, there's a function up here called onSilverlightError. This fires when it detects an error on the page. I'm looking for this particular ErrorCode 8001, which is the one that says I don't have the right version of the Silverlight installed.
I then populate this variable with some HTML. This is what it looks like when you run. As you can see, it's got a custom message, a custom logo, and this link points off to the Microsoft servers where I can go down and load the latest version. So, as you can see we can allow the plug-in to generate the Install page or we can customize the page with our own look.
- Installing the toolkit and setting up the development environment
- Using Expression Blend vs. Visual Studio 2010
- Creating a Silverlight page
- Compiling an application
- Exploring the relationship between XAML and .NET
- Using C#
- Working with XAML
- Digging into the Dependency Property System
- Deploying and debugging code
- Creating sophisticated layouts with panel elements
- Managing Visual State with Visual State Manager
- Transforming the user interface (UI) with templates
- Understanding the event model
- Working with text
- Using business data in a binding
- Creating an out-of-browser (OOB) application
- Exploring trust levels
- Playing audio and video
- Handling errors
- Exploring animations
- Working with application windows
- Integration with XNA


text:
https://www.owasp.org/index.php?title=User:Anthonylai&feed=atom&action=history User:Anthonylai - Revision history 2016-09-25T14:35:23Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.23.15 //www.owasp.org/index.php?title=User:Anthonylai&diff=7137&oldid=prev Anthonylai at 15:16, 6 July 2006 2006-07-06T15:16:19Z

New page

http://www.infosecurityproject.com/images/speakers/Anthony.jpg

 Anthony has hybrid IT experience in corporate system development and security consultancy. He currently is an information security maangement professional to implement security policies and standard. Meanwhile, his strength and major interest are web application security assessment and IT management consultancy.

 Anthony is a voluntary speaker in (ISC)2, Chapter Leader of The Open Web Application Security Project (HK Chapter)and Program Committee of the Professional Information Security Association (PISA)

 For public awareness, He has been a voluntary column writer of computer security column in Apple Daily and is the founder of InfoSec Hong Kong for public awareness (www.infosechk.org).

 He obtained the following certifications: Security Professionals - CISSP, CISM, CISA and Technology Certifications - Oracle DBA and Sun Certified Web Component Developer
 Anthonylai


text:
Skip to comments.Christians look to form 'new nation' within U.S.
Posted on 05/23/2004 11:54:30 PM PDT by KentTrappedInLiberalSeattle
click here to read article
Sorry for the harsh language. In response to your last post I agree in part with tame's response to you. The differences have not been clearly spelled out by you, but I think it's time to give it a rest. I don't think further dialogue with you would be beneficial/would make much progress.
"Please forgive me if I've been too tough on you"
I appreciate a rough-and-tumble debate, I just felt it degenerating, and wanted to get back to the point. I likewise offer apologies for any offense
BUT.....I feel that this movement that you belong to is outrageous, and am surprised that more interest has not been generated on this board.
Opposing this, as I am sure you would agree, does not mean I am not a good Christian. Unfortunately, I can't say the converse would be true for patriotism. Your dissent is welcome, of course, but I still feel secession is a wild step that sharply divides us, when the basic issues that are driving you to this step - generate nothing but agreement between us.
I think you understand that there is a healthy helping of futility in your movement. I'd love to see you suceed to make a 10th amendment argument - this needs to be done someday - but the ultimate step, secession....the nuclear option, if you will, is totally unacceptable and undermines your higher goal of a more moral society, which most folks agree with.
please see post to tame......apologies apply to you as well.
Are you truly not supportive of a secessionist movement?
I moved from Texas to Florida so I could vote for GW in 2004. I felt I had to do something to help save our country. I think a Christian nation may be worth a thought, but we have not completely lost America yet.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


text:
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Isaiah 65:17-25; Isaiah 12; (Malachi 4:1-2a; Psalm 98;) 2 Thessalonians 3:6-13; Luke 21:5-19
Isaiah 65:17-25; 2 Thessalonians 3:6-13; Luke 21:5-19
In the beyond, in the dream, on the mountaintop, in the joy made flesh—not in the flesh still longing—is where I want to dwell. I long to be in the "new heavens and a new earth" where "former things shall not be remembered or come to mind," as Isaiah puts it. Give me that.
Luke 21:5-19
If I could tell when the end times were on their way by the number of wars, famines, earthquakes and plagues that are afflicting our world, I'd say, "Wow! Here they come!" The Middle East, Africa, Asia, Latin America—you name it, atrocities are taking place. Even in th


text:
Latest Updates
November 9, 2012
Minister of Education urged to act on his pledge that desegregation and inclusive education are among his priorities.
November 7, 2012
Romani children in the Czech Republic are still being denied the educational opportunities offered to other students.
Press Release
November 6, 2012
The Chinese authorities must immediately release prominent women's rights activist, Mao Hengfeng, who has been sentenced to one and a half years in a labor camp.
November 5, 2012
Tens of thousands of slum-dwellers in Rio de Janeiro are the focus of an NGO campaign on human rights ahead police plans to "pacify" the area.


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text:
Northeast Ohio's Foreclosure Crisis
The Plain Dealer investigates the region's increasing foreclosures
- • View the slideshow
- • Audio slideshow: Sheriff's deputy serves evictions with care and caution
- • Video: How the crisis began
- • View the slideshow
Browse by month:
Despite convictions, main targets in Greater Cleveland mortgage fraud scheme yet to be sentenced
By Mark Gillispie, The Plain Dealer
October 15, 2011, 5:35AM
It's unclear when the day of reckoning will arrive for the two men convicted of being the masterminds of the scheme. Full story »
Cleveland residents say banks burdening city by not maintaining foreclosed properties
By Olivera Perkins, The Plain Dealer
September 27, 2011, 8:16PM
Activists clean up trash at foreclosed house and make a "deposit" at branch of U.S. Bank. Full story »
32 people indicted in Cuyahoga County on charges related to mortgage fraud scheme
By Mark Gillispie, The Plain Dealer
September 25, 2011, 8:34AM
Scheme caused mortgage companies to lend $5.1 million in fraudulent loans on 44 houses. Full story »
After months of decline, late mortgage payments rise again in Ohio, U.S.
By Teresa Dixon Murray, The Plain Dealer
August 22, 2011, 6:00PM
In Ohio, 9.1 percent of all loans are behind but not yet in foreclosure, up from 8.3 percent a quarter ago. Full story »
Foreclosed homes in Cuyahoga are significantly more likely to remain vacant for years, Federal Reserve study finds
By Teresa Dixon Murray, The Plain Dealer
July 26, 2011, 6:00PM
Some foreclosed homes suffered "long-lasting scars." Among foreclosed homes, 22 percent are vacant five years after their last sale, compared with 10 percent of homes not foreclosed on, the Federal Reserve study found Full story »
Wells Fargo, Bank of America donate foreclosed and abandoned properties to Cuyahoga Land Bank
By Pat Galbincea, The Plain Dealer
June 28, 2011, 9:52PM
The non-profit Cuyahoga Land Bank was championshed by former Cuyahoga County treasurer Jim Rokakis in 2008 as a means to help fight the decline of real estate prices in the county. Full story »
Former employees of subprime mortgage lender indicted by Cuyahoga County grand jury
By Mark Gillispie, The Plain Dealer
June 23, 2011, 5:15AM
Investigation by Cuyahoga County Mortgage Fraud Task Force is first time in Ohio that subprime mortgage officials are charged. Full story »
Government faults 3 lenders over mortgage-aid efforts
By Associated Press business staff
June 09, 2011, 12:12PM
The Treasury Department said Thursday that Wells Fargo, Bank of America and JPMorgan Chase & Co. have failed to help enough people permanently lower their mortgage payments so they can stay in their homes. Full story »
Minority homeowners in Greater Cleveland more likely to be denied a refinanced loan, study finds
By Teresa Dixon Murray, The Plain Dealer
April 28, 2011, 6:00AM
Homeowners living in Greater Cleveland neighborhoods with large minority populations were 2.5 times more likely to have mortgage applications denied in 2009 than homeowners in white neighborhoods, a new study has found. Full story »
Ex-probation officer for Cuyahoga County accused of mortgage fraud
By Donna J. Miller, The Plain Dealer
April 18, 2011, 8:50AM
Takara Madkins, 34, of North Ridgeville, was a county probation officer until she resigned in 2007. She was also the leader of the criminal enterprise that arranged for $486,500 in fraudulent loans for six Cleveland houses, prosecutors said. Full story »
Bank-owned homes will continue to drag economy for a while, Cleveland Fed President Sandy Pianalto says
By Teresa Dixon Murray, The Plain Dealer
March 22, 2011, 6:00PM
The biggest problems of this economic recession - home sales, foreclosures and home values - aren't likely to go away any time soon, Sandy Pianalto, president of the Cleveland Federal Reserve Bank, said Tuesday. Full story »
Foreclosures down slightly in Ohio in 2010, but danger signs remain, Policy Matters Ohio reports
By Olivera Perkins, The Plain Dealer
February 15, 2011, 6:41PM
The drop was the first in 15 years, but it was partly a result of lenders who suspended foreclosures after complaints that they weren't properly reviewing the documents before filing them. Full story »
Cuyahoga County mortgage-fraud trial ends with a split verdict
By Mark Gillispie, The Plain Dealer
February 03, 2011, 3:58PM
Sagamore Hills man found guilty of 13 counts while his brother is acquitted of all charges. Full story »
City of Cleveland disputes it owes HUD for Afford-A-Home problems
By Mark Gillispie, The Plain Dealer
January 13, 2011, 5:35AM
Audit report says city's oversight of loan program lacked adequate controls. Full story »
Cuyahoga County Juvenile Judge Peter Sikora faces foreclosure on his lakefront home
By James F. McCarty, The Plain Dealer
January 07, 2011, 5:15AM
Sikora is a year behind on a nearly $1 million mortgage and property taxes, but blames his problems on the bank. Full story »


text:
Jump to navigation
Assessing the risks of massive global disruption
What's left to say?
Going in two directions at once in the Panama Canal
We may have already seen the high-water mark of globalization.
Wait, what?
A number of outlets have beaten us to the punch and put forward a variety of scenarios for our nation's future under President Donald Trump.
What will sustain the global economy in these perilous times?
When it comes to feel-good scenarios about the future, FSG scenario planners tend to be a circumspect bunch. Still, on the occasion of New Year's, we're not beyond putting a positive spin on current events. Here's what gives us hope...
What to do when Nobel-winning economists disagree? Create alternative scenarios, of course.
The Greek Vouli (Parliament) just approved a series of tough reform measures meant to mollify their creditors and allow it to stay in the euro zone.
Futures Strategy Group © 2016


text: Plane crashes Plane crashes into a house in Colorado - video A small plane has crashed into a house in Northglenn, Colorado, with no injuries reported. The house was empty the time of the crash, local news reported. The pilot walked away but was taken to a local hospital for examination Source: Reuters Monday 5 May 2014 22.34 EDT Last modified on Thursday 7 August 2014 10.10 EDT Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share via Email Share on LinkedIn Share on Google+ Share on WhatsApp Share on Messenger This article is 2 years old Topics Plane crashes Colorado Reuse this content


text:
Saturdays in the fall have always been about football at Penn State. For each of the previous 46 years, one bespectacled, energetic man always sparked the cheers by coming out of the Beaver Stadium tunnel leading the Nittany Lions into competition.
But starting next weekend when Bill O'Brien, and not Joe Paterno, takes the sideline for the first of 12 Saturdays in 2012 as the new head coach of Penn State, Saturdays are going to be about much more than football.
The players who stuck it out amid some of the worst NCAA penalties ever assessed against an athletic program


text:
Top Definition
everyone's three favorite things!
chicken pot pie are my three favorite things, dude
viết bởi d00000d 13 Tháng hai, 2008
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Can you define these popular missing words?
it's a meat pastry, you perverts!
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viết bởi Lord Xeras 31 Tháng một, 2011
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viết bởi Sporkle 01 Tháng mười, 2006
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viết bởi Masonjar014 24 Tháng năm, 2010
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viết bởi the 1 that says bad ass mother fucker 21 Tháng chín, 2004
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reaves gave chelsea a chicken pot pie the other night.
viết bởi Derek, Reaves, and Ethan 22 Tháng ba, 2007


text:
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New Orleans, LA 70116
Phone: 504-322-7030
Email: email@example.com
Dr. Scott Griffith's Cell: 504-250-1175 (This service is for active clients only)
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/thefrenchquartervet
Yelp: http://www.yelp.com/biz/the-french-quarter-vet-new-orleans
Use the following map to get directions from any location.


text:
Wishes for you to send on Rosh Hashanah.
Thank someone who's sweetened up your new year through this Rosh Hashanah thank you ecard.
Shana Tova to all my. youtube friends.
Dance away to a happy new year with this ecard.
A Rosh Hashanah thank you message along with your wishes.
Send a very special thanks to a dear one for his/ her Rosh Hashanah wishes.
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A lovely card to welcome the Jewish New Year!
Send warm wishes to your near & dear ones on Rosh Hashanah with this beautiful ecard.
Send warm & bright wishes to your near & dear ones on new year!
Send your wishes on this Jewish New Year...
Thank your dear ones for their Rosh Hashanah wishes/ gifts/ blessings with this sweet...
Warm wishes for your friends and loved ones on Rosh Hashanah.
Happy Rosh Hashanah...............
Even if you are away on new year, you can still bridge the distance with this joyous...
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Date: 1940-01-01
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Remix: Hollywood Principle – Spell (Jemex Remix)
Check out the latest remix I did for a band called Hollywood Principle.
Check out the latest remix I did for a band called Hollywood Principle.
Producer/DJ Lampa has a new remix out that you should definitely hear. After building off the momentum of his remix of "Beautiful Now" by Zedd, he hits us with a new one of Oliver Heldens & Shaun Frank's "Shades of Grey."
This radio friendly
A little while back we talked about a remix contest for the happy electro-house tune "I.N.T.G.O.". After a bunch of entries PHiL GooD got it down to two winners, DanCraBro (UK) & Sid Key (DE).
Get a preview of the remixes below and look for the
Up next is a new remix from Australian house producer, Sondrio. He has recently done remixes of Chet Faker, George Maple, and Calvin Harris. Now he is taking his hand at Jack Ü's track "To Ü." Orignally a trap track, Sondrio twisted the
Interesting remix of Kanye X Paul McCartney's "Only One" by NRG and NopeNah.
Listen below and leave your thoughts in the comments
New remix from San Fran NuDisco/Funk/House DJ and Producer Funk LeBlanc. He took his remix skills and put it toward Calvin Harris' awesome tune, "Outside"
Peep the remix below and leave your thoughts in the comments.
Time to take a trip back to the 90's with this piano-house remix from 99 Souls. He took his hand at remixing Blond's latest tune, "All Cried Out" which features Alex Newell.
Check out the track below and look for more 99 Souls in
Today we have an artist who makes music that we have a soft spot for. His name is Maye and he is an up and coming Nu-Disco producer from Norway. He sent us over a remix he did for Maya Vik called "Fighter"


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Need Hungarian SEO expert
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I need one freelancer (native Hungarian) who can promote in Hungarian onlime market one website.
You will need to know/do:
- Research (to fund Hungarian high authority website to post articles and gueast posts)
- to make quality blog comments
- to post press releaases on Hungarian websites
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The freelancer need to have an portofolio of websites ranked in [url removed, login to view]
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Pearl Izumi Women's Sugar Cycling Short
The Pearl Izumi Women's Sugar Cycling Short features a 5 1/2" inseam and the supremely comfortable Women's Tour 3D Chamois®. It is an ideal companion for indoor cycling class.
- Brand
- Pearl Izumi
- Features
- SELECT Transfer Dry fabric sets the benchmark for compression and moisture transfer 6-panel anatomic design Flattering wide waistband for superior comfort Silicone leg gripper W's Tour 3D Chamois® Reflective elements for low-light visibility 5" inseam [size medium]
- Tech Specs
- Body: 86% nylon 14% elastane/ UPF 50+ Leg splice and inner waistband: 93% polyester 7% elastane/ UPF 50+ Imported
- Age
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- Female
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5 Easy Takes On DIY Botanicals
Kirsten form Restored Style created a nostalgic version using old book pages and pressed plants. • Lauren Liess from Pure Style home created the no frills botanical prints for her sons' play shed using a color copier. • I love the graphic quality of the negative image in the botanical prints created by Better Homes and Gardens. They suggest faux leaves, but my local nursery used the real deal to great effect. • There is something whimsical about the 3D version created by HGTV's Kristen Cunningham. Leaves were sprayed with acrylic finish to keep them intact. • Family Circle's paint pen on glass version is a bit more involved than the rest, but the contrast effect is beautiful. (Images: 1: Restored Style, 2: Lauren Liess from Pure Style home, 3: Better Homes and Gardens, 4: HGTV, 5: Family Circle)


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Posted by bev c.
a gentleman and a scholar. mr. stephens has represented my son, successfully i must add several years ago. he came from one county in georgia to court in my home county and he left very well liked and respected by the judge in the case and other lawyers involved in the case. i have recommended him to friends and would continue to do so if he is still practicing and not retired!


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Taboo Trailer: Tom Hardy and His Dad Got Ridley Scott to Make a TV Show About 19th-Century Shipping Empires and Their Roguish Heirs
The Oscar nominee heads to TV.By Nate Jones
The Oscar nominee heads to TV.By Nate Jones
Season nine finally fumbles, stumbles, and falls.By Ross Ruediger
Bonus: The segment is hosted by a young, terrified Hugh Laurie.By Véronique Hyland
"Would you let yourself in?"By Libby Banks
For a show based on a story he and his father wrote.By Margaret Lyons
"Being an adult baby, I've had a couple reactions, some good, some not so good."By Amanda Dobbins
We caught up with the singer last week at Saks Fifth Avenue to check out his new shoe collaboration with Jump.By Jonah Green and Sharon Clott
Because when you think of the Black Eyed Peas, you think luxury, right?By Sharon Clott
Yesterday, as a reckless poststrike deal-making tornado continued to ravage Hollywood, two thirds of the Black Eyed Peas were inexplicably cast in upcoming movies.
Plus: Van Wilder meets Wolverine!


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Over the last five years, as I have faced the many changes involved in coming out later in life, I've faced internal struggles between feeling familiar feelings that were nevertheless painful; and feeling unfamiliar feelings that were nevertheless natural and peaceful.
At the same time, I've often found myself at some sort of crossroads – perhaps one that appears small on the outside but feels enormous on the inside. And my therapist would remind me of the roller coaster effect. When I sit at the top of a roller coaster, I feel both excited and scared. It's really my choice how I handle that inevitable moment just before the roller coaster picks up speed and starts to fly down the incline. And often, I find myself feeling both feelings at once – which ultimately increases the exhilaration of the total experience.
As a roller coaster fan from way back, I adore this analogy. I love that moment at the top where you think for just a second that you're going to absolutely EXPLODE from the fear; and then the bliss of flying, flying, flying, down, around, maybe upside down, and back up again. When I was younger and I used to go to amusement parks, I would go from roller coaster to roller coaster over and over – in all my years of amusement park fanaticism I may have seen one show, eaten at maybe two restaurants, bought maybe one of those weird light necklaces. I just spent my time running from roller coaster to roller coaster.
Now that I'm onto memory lane, I have to give credit to a little dude of the roller coaster world called the Schussboomer at an amusement park called Worlds of Fun. I just read in Wikipedia that the ride was dismantled in 1984, which, I suppose, dates me terribly. Here's a photo taken (not by me) during the summer I probably spent most of my roller coaster time on the thing. It was supposed to simulate skiing – you know, the thrill of victory without the agony of defeat. It's hard to see the scale of it but it was really small as roller coasters went so you could ride it and run around and ride it again and run around and ride it again, you get the idea.
So I have really fond memories of actual roller coasters (I wonder how my inner ear stability would handle them nowadays? Hmmm…). And I love the idea of looking at the challenges of my life as being right at the top of the Schussboomer, ready to plunge down, run around, and go again – and again, and again!
Now, I don't think the actual Schussboomer was dismantled because of any safety concerns, I think it probably just got out-classed by all the fancier roller coasters that came along later. But the one constant that remains in roller coaster riding is that moment where you sit, suspended for that eternal few seconds, before you plunge into whatever downward or twisting or ferociously fast track that takes you, in the end, to the exact spot where you began just a few moments before.
It's been a puzzle to me, then, how come I can't access that thrill-seeking capacity in my coming-out experience. I live it, and love it, when I sing, or speak in front of groups of people, or get called upon to do something spontaneous in a group setting. I know the feeling. I know it well. It's one of the reasons I picked my profession.
But it doesn't work for me for the issues I've faced in coming out. And I finally figured out why. It's pretty simple. I don't, when facing new choices, new decisions, new coping techniques, new beliefs, find myself on the cusp of excitement, fear, and then WHOOSH!!! I just don't. I wish I did. I try to. I try to pretend I do. But I don't.
When I face the big choices and changes involved in coming out, instead of sitting at the top of the roller coaster; or standing in the wings waiting for the stage manager to call the cue that sends me out to sing; or walking up to talk to a class; I sit in an emotional morass, tied to a dungeon wall, hearing inner criticism that feels both emotionally and physically painful. There is nothing in that experience that correlates to the fear/excitement/roller coaster/standing in the wings sensation. Nothing. It's just wave after wave after wave after wave of uncontrollable panic and genuine terror and a sense of isolation so desperate that I cannot even imagine any other human being reaching me, even if they tried.
It's not fear/excitement. It's a terror that leaves me shaking all over, unable to think, unable to act, unable to function except on the most basic level (the children are always fed and clothed and cared for). There's no way to step through that into a downward WHOOSH or step into a warm and welcoming spotlight where people are ready for my song. I can't get there from here, if that makes sense.
This past week, as we finally determined that it is indeed time to legally divorce, I spent almost 24 hours in wave after wave of panic. I could NOT talk myself out of it. At night I would relax enough to fall asleep, only to wake up in a desperate panic as soon as I relaxed enough to let go. It was truly unbearable.
That's when I called in reinforcements. I know that there is a medication I can take and have taken successfully that deals with this anxiety. I asked for a renewal of the prescription and the relief was IMMEDIATE. Within ten minutes of taking the first dose.
After a week of taking this medication, and living my life, and realizing that removing the panic from my plate has improved my voice beyond all possible realms of imagination (I'm getting ready for a show next month), and has helped me talk to my ex (soon to be legal ex) about matters that would, in the past, have ended up with me curled up in the floor in the fetal position, I realized. It finally hit me. I benefit from the help the medicine provides. I don't discount the therapy. I reach out for all kinds of support, IRL and online. But I can't even get to that fear/excitement/waiting in the wings/top of the roller coaster feeling without the medication right now.
So that's my clue – that when it comes to coming out, I really do get to feel optimistic. I really do get to feel proud of myself. I really do get to feel like I'm doing the right thing. I really do get to face the coming conversations with that "oh I hope my high note is where I want it tonight" feeling. I really do get to have that.
Now I can tell when the panic is about to set in, and I can take this particular medication (a prescription, non-habit-forming), in a variety of doses throughout the day. Now I recognize when I'm in a place where I need to step through the fear and into the excitement, and when I need to take the help I need in order to be able to do just that.
It has been a godsend to recognize this over the past days. I look in the mirror and I look at peace. I sing with a true connection to my spirit. I teach with creativity and insight and depth. I prioritize where it counts.
I had a chakra-balancing session last week, after I had allowed myself to start taking the help from the medicine. It was a wonderful experience of hearing sounds and smelling aromas that led me into what felt like my home universe.
And, it turned out, my home universe is gentleness. That's where I come from.
So I'll take it. And I'll give it. And I'll reach out for every possible resource I can find to get me to the place where I'm ready. I remember one time, shortly before I went back on the medication – I was talking to my therapist and I said, "You know, about the time I think I'm close to comatose, I'm really about halfway to calm."
Is getting divorced because I'm taking my final steps in coming out a way to learn to be calm? Yeah. Yeah it is. I don't know why that's true for me, but it just is. So I'll take the roller coaster fear/excitement. But along the way I'm so thankful for the places in me where I can find something other than panic, desperation, and shame.
Because this is the right thing for me to do. This is me, living my truth.
[via this time this space]


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Dawn: Bangladesh has ordered three international charities to stop providing aid to Rohingya refugees who cross the border to flee persecution and violence in Myanmar, an official said Thursday.
France's Doctors without Borders (MSF) and Action Against Hunger (ACF) as well as Britain's Muslim Aid UK have been told to suspend their services in the Cox's Bazaar district bordering Myanmar, local administrator Joynul Bari said.
"The charities have been providing aid to tens of thousands of undocumented Rohingya refugees illegally. We asked them to stop all their projects in Cox's Bazaar following directive from the NGO Affairs Bureau," he told AFP.
Bari said the charities "were encouraging an influx of Rohingya refugees"from across the border in Myanmar's Rakhine state in the wake of recent sectarian violence that left at least 80 people killed.
The charities have provided healthcare, training, emergency food and drinking water to the refugees living in Cox's Bazaar since the early 1990s. MSF runs a clinic near one of the Rohingya camp which provides services to 100,000 people.
Categories: Asia, Awareness, Bangladesh, Charity, Discrimination, Human Rights


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On Jan 20, 1843, Edward Drummond, private secretary to British Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel, was shot and mortally wounded by a young Scotsman from Glasgow named Daniel McNaughtan. McNaughtan apparently had meant to shoot Peel and killed Drummond by mistake. At his trial, McNaughtan was found not guilty by reason of insanity. The verdict was regarded as scandalous by the press, and an enraged House of Lords requested that the judges of the Supreme Court of Judicature answer five questions regarding the culpability of the insane and the use of insanity as a defense in a criminal trial; the judges' answers have come down to us as the "McNaughtan rules."
In Knowing Right From Wrong, Richard Moran, chairman of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass, has reexamined the McNaughtan case historically. He reviews the facts of the case in their social and
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i just got an iud a couple months ago. it hurts when we have sex. anyone have this issue? i have the mirena if that makes a difference. and if you did, did it resolve on its own or did you have to remove it?Answer Question
Asked by Anonymous at 1:39 AM on Jul. 8, 2011 in Health
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So there was Kim Wallace, the wife of NASCAR driver Kenny Wallace, brazenly running around Montreal all day with Quebec racer Patrick Carpentier – and just behind her husband's back.
There are not enough words, it seems, enough adjectives and superlatives to describe the Alouettes' defence of late.
One jersey at a time, the Canadiens are recouping their $72-million investment in defenceman P.K. Subban.


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Snowboarding Forum - Snowboard Enthusiast Forums (http://www.snowboardingforum.com/forum.php)
- Buy and Sell Snowboard Equipment (http://www.snowboardingforum.com/buy-sell-snowboard-equipment/)
- - Burton Custom 158 (http://www.snowboardingforum.com/buy-sell-snowboard-equipment/36294-burton-custom-158-a.html)
FS: Burton Custom 158 *Price Drop
5 Attachment(s)
Hey guys,
I'm selling my Burton Custom 158 (ICS). This board has seen snow TWICE (yes, two days only). Here's some info:
-Top Sheet
The middle of the board has some minor scratches due to me not using a stomp pad. The scratches are just from ice that was on the bottom of my boot. They are not at all deep. Now for the bad... While waiting in line a skier that cut in front of me managed to run over the tail of the board. So there are several tiny chips (a few millimeters) and one big chip/slice (see picture). Never had a single sticker either.
Absolutely no gouges. The bottom is almost in pristine condition and can easily be seen in the picture. There are maybe 2 or 3 really mild scratches. The edges are without a doubt PERFECT though.
This board is extraordinary. Tracks extremely well, rides smooth, and is scary fast. It goes where you tell it to and has no bad habits.
I am in love with this board and hate to see it go. I'm selling it because I will very soon have to buy a new car and am needing money to add to the down payment. More pictures upon request.
$350, but I might negotiate. I have paypal but prefer to drive/meet half way. We'll work something out. I can text pictures, too if you'd like.
**Now $325
***Now $305
****Now $250
*****Now $220 - Tough crowd!
-TommyAttachment 5071
Attachment 5072
Attachment 5073
Attachment 5074
Attachment 5075
Bump. $325.
Bump $305.
40 Attachment(s)
is this the v rocker or camber?
Camber. Thank you for asking, I should have included that.
Still available :)
Im having the same problem you are, no one wants a Burton Custom.
I cant get rid of mine either. Try eBay or Craigslist (:
Haha, yeah that's what it seems like. I feel like I'm the only one that wants it, but I need to get rid of a lot of stuff. Good luck selling yours.
You are not selling it because you are asking too much! Try lowering the price to like $200-250 and it will sell.
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Tag Archives: climate change
A Quick Example of the Effect of Climate Change
[Writer's note: Both me and my math checker missed a decimal error – my fear when I wrote this! Thanks to a comment I had to check my calculation again. I will fix the error of inland inundation below.] Because … Continue reading
Posted in Education, Energy, Nature, Science Tagged Anthony Watts, climate change, climate denier, ocean rise, water expansion 11 Comments
Yes, the climate is getting warmer …
If there was any need to state it, yes the climate is getting warmer. One counter argument was that observational data showed that since 1998 the acceleration was getting slower or, according to some interpretations, did even stop. I will … Continue reading
Posted in Science Tagged climate change, Cowtan, global warming, Way 5 Comments
The end of cooler forests
Let's face it: climate change is real. If you disagree, then perhaps you are reading the wrong "skeptical" website. In any case, the science behind it is rock solid. I wrote here previously about how sometimes these scientific results show … Continue reading
Posted in Nature, Science Tagged climate change, De Frenne, Ghent 4 Comments
Latent Heat of Fusion, Specific Heat, & Climate Change
I want to start by explaining a concept from physics known as latent heat, specifically the latent heat of fusion. Latent heat is the energy involved when materials change their phase, meaning they go from one form of a solid, … Continue reading
Posted in Energy, Nature, Science Tagged 1.9C, basic science, climate change, co2, energy balance, glaciers, ice, latent heat, water 6 Comments
Canada May Sensibly Blow Off Kyoto
No nation concerned with the science of climate change should have ever given the Kyoto Protocol the time of day. Most of them did, and signed and ratified this plan to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of wealthy nations, while … Continue reading
Posted in Energy, Science Tagged climate change, co2, global warming, kyoto protocol, politics, pollution 103 Comments
I, Global Warming Skeptic
I am a global warming skeptic. Politically, I land somewhere in the libertarian/conservative camp. If liberal still meant what it did 60 years ago I'd probably be one of those. Whatever my label, I am not a progressive/socialist kind of guy. … Continue reading
Posted in Nature, Science Tagged climate change, Craig Good, global warming, politics, skepticism, UN, united nations 120 Comments


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Flash Game Development
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I am looking for a flash developer to develop a flash based map game something like: [url removed, login to view] . More details of the exact requirements will be given to shortlisted bidders.
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As it has taken over a decade for Blizzard to ship Diablo III, you'd think that the game would launch in a relatively balanced and bug-free state. If you were thinking this, you'd be wrong, though, as evidenced by the comprehensive list of adjustments to the game that were patched in late yesterday after an extended downtime.
And to all of you who have capped characters in Diablo III, my level 60 Monk also feels your frustration in Inferno mode, as the attack speed stat-- one of the stats Monks and Witch Doctors rely on most-- has been nerfed across-the-boards by a whopping 50%.
The people I truly pity, though, are those who foolishly spent their real-life dollars on attack speed gear and weapons in the RMAH (also known as the Real-Money Auction House), and those players who sold it to them (the latter of which are currently suffering charge backs from credit card companies on the basis of fraud, rendering their former earnings from said gear worthless). I've even heard from some players who sold gear that was later charged back that both their Paypal and Diablo III accounts were actually banned for fraudulent selling, even though this nerf was forced onto everyone by Blizzard and the RMAH sellers had nothing to do with it!
I was too skeptical of the RMAH between its potential security issues and Blizzard's long history of nerfing loot in its games to bother selling in it myself. And I prefer to obtain my gear the old-fashioned way via in-game loot drops anyway. But couldn't Blizzard see this coming? And how the heck could they ban Diablo III accounts for fraudulent selling when it's THEIR nerfs that caused the dps changes in the items being charged back by purchasers?
And concerning Blizzard's other nerf, which is a major increase to the cost of gear repairs in the high-level game, it sure looks like they're trying to force Diablo III players to buy gold from the RMAH. Some people have had to spend so much of their gold on repairs post-patch that they can't even afford to buy gear from the regular auction house to replace their nerfed attack speed items with what little gold they have left. In my own personal experience with my Monk in Inferno mode, literally five minutes of successful fighting costs me almost as much in repairs as a death used to cost. Repairs cost about ten times what they did pre-patch, and gear even takes damage when you break vases (which have also been nerfed so that they hardly ever drop gold now, so don't bother with them anymore).
I'll tell you, after waiting excitedly for so many years for Diablo III to finally ship, and putting off my usual MMORPG suspects (including closed beta access to MMOs such as The Secret World, WoW's Mists of Pandaria and Guild Wars 2) just to play it, I feel like I shouldn't have gotten involved at all.
At first I could understand the online-only, Blizzard.net-account-driven requirement as it helps cut down on the amount of piracy generated by people borrowing or illegally downloading and cracking the new game. But who is going to stop Blizzard's financial fraud in the RMAH via the post-sale nerfing of items? They take their cut of every RMAH sale just like the players do! And you know this is just the tip of the Blizzard iceberg so to speak concerning all the nerfs that will hit Diablo III eventually, if Blizzard's history with games is any indication.