text:
George Town, Penang
|George Town
Tanjung Penaga
|City and State Capital
|Penang Island
|Other transcription(s)
|• Chinese
|• Tamil
|ஜோர்ஜ் டவுன்
Clockwise from top right: Penang Bridge, Eastern & Oriental Hotel, St. George's Church, George Town skyline and Jubilee Clock Tower.
|Nickname(s): Bandaraya Mutiara
Pearl of the Orient City[1]
Location in Penang
|Peninsula Malaysia
|Coordinates: 5°25′00″N 100°19′00″E / 5.41667°N 100.31667°ECoordinates: 5°25′00″N 100°19′00″E / 5.41667°N 100.31667°E
|11 August 1786
|Municipality established
|Granted city status
|1 January 1957[3]
|Regain city status
|10 March 2015[4]
|• Mayor
|Patahiyah Ismail
|• City and State Capital
|305.773 km2 (118.060 sq mi)
|• Metro
|2,740.000 km2 (1,057.920 sq mi)
|14 m (46 ft)
|Population (2010)
|• City and State Capital
|• Demonym
|George Townians[7]
|Time zone
|• Summer (DST)
|Not observed (UTC)
|Postal code
|10xxx to 14xxx
|Area code(s)
|Vehicle registration
George Town (Chinese: 乔治市; pinyin: Qiáozhì Shì, Tamil: ஜோர்ஜ் டவுன்) is the capital city of the Malaysian state of Penang, located on the north-east corner of the island. It had an estimated population of 500,000 as of 2010[update].[2] The metropolitan area (which consists of Jelutong, Sungai Pinang, Sungai Nibong, Gelugor, Air Itam, Tanjung Bungah and Tanjung Tokong) has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the second largest metropolitan area and the biggest northern metropolis in Malaysia.[8][9][10] Excluding the metropolitan area, the area of George Town is the seventh largest city by population in Malaysia.[note 1] Together with Alor Setar and Malacca City, it is one of the Malaysian oldest cities in the Straits of Malacca since its foundation by Francis Light, who was a captain and trader for the British East India Company (EIC) after being instructed by his company, Jourdain Sullivan and de Souza to establish presence in the Malay Archipelago.
Light gained control of Penang Island through a treaty negotiated with the Sultan of Kedah, although in the early stages of negotiation the Sultan refused to cede the island. The Fort Cornwallis was then established and he was successful in increasing the island import values and settlement population especially with the free trade policy the British used at the time. The Sultan of Kedah tried to regain control of the area when he saw the British had failed to provide protection to them as promised earlier in the treaty they had signed when the Sultan was attacked by the Siamese, the plan was however ended with a failure when Light implemented night raids on the Sultan's fortress. Prior to its successful trading post, many Chinese traders began to settle in the town as well to other areas in Penang Island to participate in agriculture and to manage plantations.[11][12] This was continued under the administration of Straits Settlements with the migration of more Chinese together with Indian workers prior to the Industrial Revolution in Britain.
The situation during the World War I did not directly impact the town daily activities, although the Imperial German Cruiser Emden sank a French destroyer and a Russian cruiser before shelling the oil storage tanks near the city in the Battle of Penang. During World War II, however, the town suffered greatly, since as it was heavily bombed first by the Japanese and later by the Allies. After the war, the town remained as the capital of Penang until the formation of Malaysia in 1963. In 2008, it was listed together with Malacca City as one of Malaysian UNESCO World Heritage Site for its long history as a cosmopolitan city.[13] Today, George Town is well known for its unique street foods, culture and heritage as well with its position as a medical tourism hub with many patients from neighbouring Sumatra in Indonesia frequently visiting the city to undergoing treatment.[14][15][16]
- 1 Etymology
- 2 History
- 3 Capital city
- 4 Geography
- 5 Demographics
- 6 Economy
- 7 Transport
- 8 Other utilities
- 9 Education
- 10 Attractions and recreational spots
- 11 International relations
- 12 See also
- 13 Notes
- 14 References
- 15 Literature
- 16 External links
The George Town area was once known as Tanjung (Cape) in Malay language by the Malay community living there as it was situated on a cape area on the island northeast.[17] The name is derived from the older name of the town, Tanjung Penaga (Cape Penaigre).[18] As a settlement was soon established and founded by British Captain Francis Light in 1786, it was named after King George III.[17][19]
Founding of George Town[edit]
As the Dutch East India Company had dominated the Far East spice trade, the British were determined to establish their presence in the region to control the trade route between mainland China and the Indian subcontinent through the archipelago, and to set up a base to repair British Navy ships.[8][20] Because of this, Francis Light, who was a captain and a trader for the British East India Company (EIC) was instructed by his company, Jourdain Sullivan and de Souza in Madras, India to establish trade relations in the Malay archipelago.[21] He arrived on Penang Island on 17 July 1786.[20]
As Penang was still under the control of the Sultan of Kedah, Light needed to negotiate with the Sultan Abdullah Mukarram Shah to grant the island to the EIC in exchange for protection of the Sultanate against Siamese and Burmese intrusions.[21][22] The early negotiations were problematic because the Sultan did not want to cede the island to the British, but the threat from Siam grew as the five Malay kingdoms of Kedah, Perak, Terengganu, Kelantan and Pattani were forced to offer bunga mas annually as a sign of vassal state.[22] The Sultan was aware that he needed an agreement with the British for protection from the Siamese although he did not realise Light had acted without the approval of his superiors.[20] Following the sealing of agreements by both sides, Light returned to the island on 11 August 1786 to establish possession under the flag of the United Kingdom,[21] and renamed it Prince of Wales Island after George III who later became the King of the United Kingdom.[23]
At the time of his arrival, the island was inhabited by at least 1,000 Malay fishermen.[20] He then built Fort Cornwallis which became the first British presence in the Malay archipelago. The area of present-day George Town was developed from a swampy area. Light introduced the island to traders as a free port to attract them from the Dutch trading post in neighbouring Sumatra.[20] Although during the early stage of development he had difficulty in defending the island because of the shortage of water supply and because it was prone to flooding and malaria,[24][25] Light managed to increase the settlement population to 10,000 and the value of imports to £130,000.[26] In addition to Britain's free trade policy, Light also succeeded in attracting many traders from the Dutch ports in Sumatra where many restrictions and taxes had been imposed.[19]
After the company failed to provide military protection to the Sultanate of Kedah was attacked by Siam in 1790, the Sultan formed an army at Seberang Perai (later Province Wellesley) to remove the British as well some Dutch presence, to retake Prince of Wales Island. This action was defeated by Light who implemented night raids on the Sultan's fortress.[20] The following year, the Sultan was forced to signed a treaty with the British, which stipulated the official handing-over of the island to the British. Light was appointed Superintendent of the island and, to appease the Sultan, he paid $6,000 annually.[20][22] After Light died of malaria on 21 October 1794,[26] Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Wellesley arrived to defend and maintain British control of the island.[20] Sir George Alexander William Leith won control of another strip of land across the channel near the island in the Sultan of Kedah's territory in 1800, and named it Province Wellesley (present-day Seberang Perai). This gave the island control over the harbour and ended the problem of water shortage in the town. The annual payment to the Sultan of Kedah was increased to $10,000 after the acquisition and payment continues into the present.[20][22]
In 1805, the island was elevated from a colonial status to that of a residency on par with the cities of Madras and Bombay in India,[23] and by 1832, under the British administration in India, the Straits Settlements comprising the states of Malacca, Singapore and Penang was formed. Penang became its capital from 1826 and maintain its status as a free port but later in 1935 it was replaced by Singapore.[8][20][23] During this time, many Chinese traders began to settle to participate in agriculture and managing the plantations sector.[11][12] Although the town was increasingly developed, it became dangerous as it turns into a nest for Chinese secret societies who notorious for its gambling and brothels which resulting a violence when two rival sides of the secret societies came into fight in 1867 with each groups had allied themselves with similar Malay groups. Once the fight between them been resolved, each group was fined by the British authorities with a huge sum of $10,000 which later became the earlier cause for the establishment of police force in the island.[23] The island successfully developed under British rule and became a naval base for the British to protect its interest from Dutch and French.[12] At the end of the 19th century, prior to rich deposits of tin from neighbouring state and relentless demands of the Industrial Revolution in Britain, the island and the town enjoyed an economic boom. At this time, the town was overwhelmed by more immigrants especially those from China and India.[20] Many European planters and Chinese towkays (business leaders) generate their money in the plantations and mines sectors in other northern Malay states but built their homes and sent their children to school in the town.[20] The continuous town development was however halted when the Japanese arrived in 1941 as part of World War II.
World War, post-independence and present[edit]
During World War I, a surprise naval attack against the Allies occurred on 28 October 1914 in the town harbour area when the German cruiser SMS Emden disguised as the British cruiser HMS Yarmouth fired torpedoes which sank the Russian cruiser Zhemchug. Subsequently, the French destroyer Mousquet was also sunk. The engagement is known as the Battle of Penang. The attack resulted in 135 sailors killed while another 157 were wounded, mainly from the Russian and French side. Local Malay fishermen who were doing their daily activities not far from the area reportedly rushed to the site to save any sailors they could.[28]
At the start of World War II the Japanese landed in Kelantan on 8 December 1941. Following the Sinking of Prince of Wales and Repulse on 10 December, Japanese forces launched airstrikes with their planes being sighted near George Town on 11 December.[29] The Japanese fighters and bombers arrived in V-formations. Amazed George Town residents emerged from their homes and places of business to see the unexpected aircraft formations, as has been described by Historian Allen Warren. The amazement, however, turned to horror as the populace saw the Japanese aircraft dropping bombs.[29] Exploding bombs hit buildings in the town, and some residents panicked, seeing the dead and injured in the streets and buildings on fire. Many residents began quickly to evacuate the town to save their lives. Looting was reported in the aftermath of the Japanese bombing.[29]
Eighty Japanese fighters and bombers had flown over Georgetown unopposed... Thousands of people had filled the streets to watch the spectacle, which turned to tragedy when the bombs began to fall. Aircraft had then wheeled down to dive-bomb and strafe. Mass panic was the result of the bombing, and Penang had no anti-aircraft guns and few air raid shelters. Most of the bombs fell by design on Georgetown's densely populated Chinatown...[30]— Allen Warren, British historian.
|Malacca and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca
|Name as inscribed on the World Heritage List
|ii, iii, iv
|UNESCO region
|Inscription history
|2008 (32nd Session)
The Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) No. 453 Squadron with sixteen-F2A Buffalo valiantly tried to counter the Japanese attacks, but met with failure. Many of the over-matched Australian pilots flying the obsolete and lumbering Buffalos were killed during dog-fights with the more agile Japanese fighter aircraft. The town burned for days following the Japanese bombing. An estimated 600 town residents were killed and another 1,100 wounded as a result of the Japanese attack.[29] The Japanese continued their advance with land attacks on 19 December, until on 22 December the first contingent of the Japanese land forces arrived to occupy the town as well as Penang Island. This marked the beginning of the Japanese occupation of Penang, and the incorporation of Penang as part of the Empire of Japan.[31]
The Japanese had constructed a small submarine base in Penang for joint use with German U-boats,[30] and during the extensive Southeast Asian Allied bombing campaign of November 1944 to May 1945, naval facilities in Penang as well as those in Singapore came under attack, and mines were dropped by aircraft to impede Axis shipping.[32] After the surrender of Japan in August 1945, and the end of the Japanese occupation of the peninsula, the British Military Administration set up a Settlement Advisory Council to revive its ties with the local residents.[33] On 1 April 1946, the Straits Settlements were dissolved and Penang was incorporated as part of the Malayan Union along with Malacca (Singapore became a separate crown colony). Subsequently, in 1948, these two former Straits Settlements entities and nine Malay States became part of the Federation of Malaya, which was geographically identical to the Union but embodied some political differences.
On 1 January 1957, a royal charter of Queen Elizabeth II awarded city status to the town.[3] Though the island of Penang had long enjoyed the status as a free port, this trading advantage was revoked in 1969, with a decidedly negative impact on Penang's commerce and employment.[23] Nevertheless, when the Federation of Malaya, together with North Borneo, Sarawak and Singapore formed the Federation of Malaysia in 1963, the city generally enjoyed rapid economic growth, especially in important new industries such as electronics. George Town was maintained as the state capital of Penang.[23] It was listed as one of the historical cities in Malaysia, together with Malacca City on 7 July 2008.[13] When the George Town City Council was merged with the Penang Rural District Council to form a local government management board in 1974, the city lost its status as a sister city. The local government management board was replaced with Penang Municipal Council (MPPP) following the enforcement of Local Government Act in 1976.[5] The city regain its city status on 10 March 2015 after the Cabinet of Malaysia approves the request of city status for the whole Penang Island and a consent was given by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong.[4][34]
Capital city[edit]
Being the capital city of Penang, George Town plays an important role especially in the political and economic welfare of the population of the entire state. It is the seat of the state government where almost all of their ministries and agencies are based. Most of the Malaysian federal government agencies and departments are also located in George Town. The Penang State Legislative Assembly is located between Light Street and Farquhar Street near Fort Cornwallis. There are six members of parliament (MPs) representing the six parliamentary constituencies in the city as well for the whole island: Bukit Bendera (P.48), Tanjong (P.49), Jelutong (P.50), Bukit Gelugor (P.51), Bayan Baru (P.52) and Balik Pulau (P.53). The city also elects 19 representatives to the state legislature from the state assembly districts of Tanjong Bunga, Air Puteh, Kebun Bunga, Pulau Tikus, Padang Kota, Pengkalan Kota, Komtar, Datok Keramat, Sungai Pinang, Batu Lancang, Seri Delima, Air Itam, Paya Terubong, Batu Uban, Pantai Jerejak, Batu Maung, Bayan Lepas, Pulau Betong and Telok Bahang.[35]
The authority of George Town was originally administer by the Municipal Council of George Town, which was established in 1857. Since the formation of Malaysia, it was changed to George Town City Council which then merged with the Penang Rural District Council to form the Penang Island Municipal Council in 1974.[5] In 2015, the municipal council status was upgraded into Penang Island City Council (Majlis Bandaraya Pulau Pinang).[34] Following the upgrade, the city area expands from 297 square kilometres to 305.773 square kilometres.[5] The present city council is now responsible for regulating traffic and parking, maintaining public parks, upkeeping cleanliness and drainage, managing waste disposal, issuing business licenses, and overseeing public health over the whole island of Penang. The current mayor of George Town is Patahiyah Ismail, who is also known as the first woman to be appointed as mayor in the city's mayor list.[5]
As Penang Island is only slightly ⅓ the size of Singapore with a population density of 2,559.7 square km,[36] it is one of the densest cities in Malaysia.[37] Almost entire of the city area have been extensively developed as a result of urban development. The contiguous hotel and resort belts of Tanjung Tokong, Batu Ferringhi and Tanjung Bungah along the northern beaches of Penang Island also form the northwestern edges of George Town. Meanwhile, the central hills, including Penang Hill, serve as a giant green lung for George Town and an important forested catchment area. With the shortage of land for more development, this has resulted more land reclamation projects been carried out to provide more low-lying land in high-demand areas.
The city features a tropical rainforest climate, under the Köppen climate classification (Af). As it is the norm for Malaysian cities with this climate, George Town experiences relatively consistent temperatures throughout the course of the year, with an average high temperature of about 32 °C (90 °F) and an average low of 21 °C (70 °F).[38] Its driest months are from December through February. The city sees on average around 2,477 millimetres (97.5 in) of precipitation annually with the lowest being 60 millimetres (2.4 in) in February while the highest was around 210 millimetres (8.3 in) between August and October.[39]
|Climate data for George Town (Bayan Lepas)
|Record high °C (°F)
|Average high °C (°F)
|Daily mean °C (°F)
|Average low °C (°F)
|Record low °C (°F)
|Average rainfall mm (inches)
|Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm)
|Average relative humidity (%)
|Mean monthly sunshine hours
|Source #1: NOAA[40]
|Source #2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (extremes and humidity)[41]
George Town people are commonly referred to as "George Townians".[7] The terms "G-Towns" and "G.T-ians" have also been used to a limited extent. While people from the whole Penang state are called Penangites.[42]
Ethnicity and religion[edit]
In 1911, the British Colonial Government Census reported the population of the city was at 101,182,[12] with the main race being the Chinese, followed by Malays, Indian- along with other bumiputras.[8] The Malaysian Census in 1970 reported the population had increased to 269,247 before decreasing to 198,298 in 2001 due to the rapid development of housing projects in Air Itam, Gelugor, Tanjong Bunga and Tanjong Tokong which attracted the city residents to migrate there.[12] In 2010, the census saw an increase with the population standing at 500,000.[2]
Kapitan Keling Mosque, the largest mosque in the city.
Sri Mahamariamman Temple, the oldest Hindu temple in the country.
Church of the Assumption, founded after Francis Light landed on Penang Island, considered as the oldest Roman Catholic church in the city.
English was the main language in the city during the British colonial period before being changed back to Malay after the formation of Malaysia.[43] Today, Malaysian is the main language connecting different ethnic groups in George Town. The local Malays dialect, Jawi Peranakan, remains distinctly different from the Malay in the southern Malay Peninsula.[18] As the Chinese majority in the city are mainly Hoklo people, the city also has an own variation of Hokkien language called Penang Hokkien.[44] The main language spoken by the Indian community is the Malaysian Tamil dialect of Tamil language in addition to the country's official and national language Malaysian (English is also widely spoken and understood). Besides Tamil, Urdu is also spoken by a small number of Indian Muslims and Telugu and Punjabi is spoken by the ethnic Telugu and Punjabi communities. However, young people are more interested in speaking English. Ethnic Jawi Peranakan, a Muslim creole ethnic group of mixed Indian, Malay and Arab ancestry with predominantly Indian origin mostly use Malay as their first language in addition to English.[18][45] Another distinct group of Indian Muslims known as Mamak use the Penang Malay (northern slang) variant as their first and daily language.
Historically, the British established George Town as an entrepôt, where products from Britain and India such as opium, textile, steel, gunpowder, and iron goods, were sold to local merchants to be distributed throughout the Malay Archipelago.[12] Today, the city economy is dominated by the tertiary-based industry as George Town has been one of the centre of medical tourism in Malaysia with an estimated 1,000 tourists travel to the city every day for medical treatment in addition to Penang as the fifth-largest economy amongst the states and federal territories of Malaysia after Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Johor and Sarawak,[37][46] Most of the patients are come from Sumatra in Indonesia,[15][16] with the sector have generating about 70% of the country medical tourism revenue.[47] In addition, secondary-based industry of manufacturing also take a presence with the city became the hub for electric and electronics manufacturing.[14]
Since 1800s, international banks, chiefly Standard Chartered,[48] HSBC, and the Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation, have opened branches in the city, with most of the banks still maintain their local headquarters on Beach Street, the historic commercial centre of George Town. Since the formation of Malaysia, more new banks have establish their presence, including ABN AMRO, Citibank, United Overseas Bank, Bank of China[49] and Bank Negara Malaysia (Malaysian central bank) together with other local banks such as the Public Bank, Maybank, Ambank and CIMB Bank.
The earliest modes of transportation in George Town was the horse hackney carriage which was popular throughout the last quarter of the 18th century until 1935, when the rickshaw gained popularity, until it in turn was rapidly superseded by the trishaw beginning in 1941.
The city has an extensive road network since the British colonial rule. Outside the narrow streets of George Town, more modern roads link the city centre with the surrounding suburbs of Tanjung Tokong, Air Itam, Jelutong and Gelugor. The Jelutong Expressway connects the city to the Penang Bridge, the Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone and the Penang International Airport. As for the whole island, it is connected with the Malay Peninsula through the Penang Bridge and the Second Penang Bridge in the south area of the island, linking Batu Maung on the island with Batu Kawan on the mainland.
Public transport[edit]
The Rapid Penang is the sole bus company for the island of Penang. Almost every bus connects the city with other parts of the island, with Weld Quay being the main terminal while KOMTAR became the main hub. It is also operates a free daily bus service around the city, taking commuters and tourists on a drive along the heritage sites. Recently, open-air double decker buses, known as Hop-On Hop-Off buses, have been introduced for tourists.[50] Most of the express buses stop at the Sungai Nibong Bus Terminal at the southern suburbs of the city. There are several express bus companies operating round the clock, and the main destinations include Genting Highlands, Kuala Lumpur, Singapore and southern Thailand. Since 2015, the Uber company has been actively engaging customers for taxis services.[51]
George Town also has numerous cycle rickshaws and trishaws plying its streets. As well with rental bicycles, which are being introduced and marketed by several companies in the city.[52] More efforts are now being carried out by the Penang state government to make the city as a cyclists' haven and a pedestrian-friendly city by introducing dedicated cycling lanes.[53] The only rail-based transportation in the city is the Penang Hill Railway, a funicular railway to the top of Penang Hill. Since it was completed in 1923, the railway underwent an extensive upgrading in 2010 and was reopened in early 2011.[54] Since the colonial period, the city has experienced different types of public transportation system with electric trams, trolleybuses and double-decker buses. The first steam tramway started operations in the 1880s, while electrical trams were launched in 1905. Trolleybuses commenced operations in 1925 and they gradually supplanted the trams. The George Town Municipal Transport (GTMT) operated both the trams and the trolleybuses. The GTMT is famous for having operated the smallest public service trolleybuses. In the 1950s, GTMT bought ex-London Transport trolleybuses. Despite having purchased new Sunbeam British trolleybuses in 1956–57, the system was abandoned in 1961.[55] The use of double-decker buses ceased in the 1970s when George Town Transport ceased to trade, the network being taken over by private-owned buses.
In 2015, there is a planning for the return of trams in the streets of George Town,[56] The Light Rail Transit (Penang Rapid Transit) was also proposed to be built from Komtar passing through the Penang International Airport and the suburbs of Air Itam, Paya Terubong and Tanjung Tokong,[57] as well with a cable car project linking Komtar to the Penang Sentral in Butterworth.[57][58]
The Penang International Airport (PEN, ICAO: WMKP) is one of the oldest airports in Malaysia, being opened in 1935 when Penang was governed under Straits Settlements. It serves as the main airport for the northern part of Malaysia. The airport connects the city with major Asian cities of Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, Bangkok, Jakarta, Guangzhou, Taipei and recently with a direct flights to Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) and Yangon.[59][60] It is also the hub for two Malaysian low-cost carriers of AirAsia and Firefly. As the second busiest Malaysian airport in terms of cargo traffic, it serves as an important cargo hub due to the large presence of multinational factories in the nearby Bayan Lepas Free Trade Zone.
The Port of Penang is one of the major ports of Malaysia with four terminals – one on the city northeastern coast (Swettenham Pier) while three on the mainland Seberang Perai. With Malaysia being one of the largest exporting nations in the world, the Port of Penang plays an important role in the nation's shipping industry, linking the city to more than 200 ports worldwide.[61] The Swettenham Pier Port accommodates cruise ships as cruise tourism is one of the major industries in the city. The port serves as to bring tourists into and out of the city towards other regional destinations of Singapore and Phuket. The Penang Ferry Service connects the city with the half side of Penang of Butterworth on the Malay Peninsula, becoming the convenient mode of transportation for local residents to travelling by sea. It is the oldest ferry service in Malaysia since 1920 with four ferries ply the Penang Strait between George Town and Butterworth daily. Separate ferry services also connect the city with the island of Langkawi of Kedah to the north and the Indonesian city of Medan in Sumatra.
Other utilities[edit]
Courts of law and legal enforcement[edit]
The city high court complex is located along Light Highway,[62] along with the Sessions and Magistrate Courts.[62] While a court for Sharia law is located on Batu Gantung Road.[63] The Penang Police Contingent Headquarters is located on Penang Road,[64] together with the North East District police headquarters.[65] There are around fourteen police stations and six police substations (Pondok Polis) around the city.[65]
Health care[edit]
As George Town is one of the centre for medical tourism in Malaysia, it features many hospitals in both public and private. There are one public hospital, eight publics health clinic[66] and two child and mother health clinics[67] in George Town. The Penang General Hospital is one of the oldest and second largest hospital in Malaysia built in 1812 with around 1,198 beds until present.[68] The Lam Wah Ee Hospital in Jelutong established since 1883 is the oldest and largest private hospital with 700 beds.[69] The Island Hospital near Peel Highway is the second largest private hospital with 300 beds since 1996.[70] The Penang Adventist Hospital is the second oldest private hospital built in 1924, located in Burma Road with 253 beds.[71] The Loh Guan Lye Specialist Centre located in the heart of the city was established in 1975 and has around 273 beds.[72] The Pantai Hospital in Bayan Lepas has 200 beds.[73] The Gleneagles Medical Centre located in Burma Road was opened on 1 July 1973 with just 70 beds before expanding to a total of 132 beds in 1975.[74] Other private hospitals include the Mount Miriam Cancer Hospital in Tanjung Tokong with 40 beds and the Tropicana Medical Centre in Bayan Lepas with 24 beds, both located in the city suburbs.[75][76]
Many government or state schools are available in the city. Some of the secondary schools include Penang Free School, St. Xavier's Institution, St. George's Girls' School, Methodist Boys' School, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Convent Green Lane, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Convent Pulau Tikus and Convent Light Street.[77] There is also Chinese high schools like the Han Chiang High School, Phor Tay High School, Heng Ee High School, Penang Chinese Girls' High School, Convent Datuk Keramat, Chung Ling High School, Chung Hwa Confucian High School. The University of Science, Malaysia has its campus here and the Penang Medical College is known as the main medical college in the city. A number of other colleges and universities also has their campus such as the KDU University College (KDU),[78] SEGi College Penang,[79] Sentral College,[80] Olympia College,[81] INTI University College,[82] along with the state homegrown colleges of Equator Academy of Art and Han Chiang College and university like the Wawasan Open University. Beside that, the Penang Japanese (Supplementary) Saturday School (ペナン補習校 Penan Hoshūkō?, PJSS), a supplementary Japanese school, holds its classes in the Moral Uplifting Society of Penang. Opened since January 2012, the Japanese school had six preschool and 25 primary students as of September 2013.[83]
The Penang State Library Headquarters is located in Seberang Jaya of Seberang Perai. The city has its branch known as the George Town Branch Library, located in Scotland Road.[84][85] Other libraries or private libraries can be found in schools, colleges, or universities.
Attractions and recreational spots[edit]
Much of the attractions inside the city area is part of the Penang Heritage Trial.[86][87]
As George Town is known as the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage City, there are a number of cultural venues. The Cheong Fatt Tze Mansion is an old mansion located at 14 Leith Street that was built in a traditional Hakka–Teochew architecture. The mansion was erected in the 1880s after a Hakka merchant from China, Cheong Fatt Tze commissioned its construction.[88]
Another cultural attraction, the Cheah Kongsi is the first of five Penang Hokkien clan houses. Located in a block beside Khoo Kongsi, the clan house fuses Malay, traditional Straits Chinese and European cultural architectures. It was established in 1873 by Cheah Yam, an immigrant who came from the Sek Tong village in South China.[89]
The Clan Jetties is a known Chinese settlements in the city. It was built after the construction of the Quay in 1882 with each jetty representing different clans due to constant rivalry over access and monopoly of work consignments. The jetties total are originally seven but one have destroyed by fire leaving it to six.[90]
The city hosts the annual George Town Literary Festival, a state-sponsored festival featuring writers, novelists, spoken word artists and more from diverse writing disciplines.
The Fort Cornwallis is the main historical attraction as it is marking the founding of modern George Town city since the establishment by Francis Light. The Old Georgetown Streets is considered as the oldest heritage in Penang where Chinese and Indian cultures are presented. The area is where many Chinese shoplots, narrow roads, historical colonial-era mansions, clan houses, numerous schools, ornate temples and Little India districts are located.[91]
Some historical religious buildings include the Kek Lok Si, Kong Hock Keong Temple, Han Jiang Ancestral Temple, Lebuh Aceh Mosque, Kapitan Keling Mosque, Nattukkottai Chettiar Temple, Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Church of the Assumption and the St. George's Church. Other historical attractions such as the Hainanese Mariners' Lodge was built during the pre-World War II days when 49 Hainanese sailors pooled their resources to set up a common lodge and clubhouse they could stay,[92] while the Millionaire's Row is used to be a European enclave during the British colonisation.[93]
Leisure and conservation areas[edit]
The main leisure attraction in the city is the Penang Botanic Gardens which feature many flower species and is the oldest gardens in the city. The gardens were established by English botanist Charles Curtis in 1884. Another nature attraction is the Penang Butterfly Farm which also showcases other insects and animals like beetles, lizards, frogs and snails.[94]
The only main theme park in the city is the SIM Leisure Escape which opened in 2010.[95]
Other attractions[edit]
The Jubilee Clock Tower was built in 1897 and named after the Queen Victoria's 1897 Diamond Jubilee. The tower is sixty feet tall, with each foot representing a year of the Queen's 60-year reign. The P. Ramlee House located in P. Ramlee Road is the former house of the late Malaysian actor and singer P. Ramlee and is part of the state heritage.[96] The Penang Road feature a historical views of old shoplots starting from Farquhar Street into Gurdwara Road near the KOMTAR tower which also another attractions in the city.[97] The Penang Islamic Museum that was built in 1860 was once the residence of a powerful Acehnese pepper merchant. Near the Bahang Bay, located the Batik Factory that present cultural events and handicraft exhibitions.[98] The Penang's Millionaires' Row is one of two George Town grand heritage mansions together with Soonstead Mansion.[99]
The Penang Street Art in Armenian Street created by Lithuanian-artist Ernest Zacharevic is the main art attractions in the city, with the most popular graffiti featuring a children on a real bicycle and a boy on a real motorcycle.[100] The Penang State Museum and Art Gallery is also one of the oldest building since the British colonial time located in Farquhar Street. The Wonderfood Museum which located in Beach Street is a building where replica food made from synthetics, plastic, silicone and a mix of various chemicals and materials are displayed.[101] The Peranakan Mansion was once belong to Chung Keng Quee, a Kapitan from China who has a great influence to the Peranakan community.[102] The Sun Yat-sen Museum Penang in Armenian Street is another attraction that was known as the Southeast Asian base of progressive Chinese movement, the Tongmenghui. From this base Dr. Sun Yat-sen planned the Xinhai Revolution (Revolution of 1911).[25]
The Old Protestant Cemetery is the oldest Christian cemetery in the city that was maintained by the Penang Heritage Trust. The cemetery once served as a final resting place for a number of British administrators. Less than a mile away, the only Jewish cemetery in Malaysia is located between Burmah Road and Macalister Road behind high walls; the gates are locked most of the time, as the Jewish community in Penang is all but gone.[103]
George Town is the main shopping destination in northern Malaysia due to its fast development with many new skyscrapers. While many newest landmarks have started to dominate the city, many centuries-old shophouses are still operating alongside flea markets. Since 2001, the city had a high supply of shophouses. In comparison, shopping complexes in George Town registered the biggest increases in Malaysia.[104] This increase can be seen in the many shopping malls in George Town, such as Gurney Plaza, 1st Avenue and Gurney Paragon. The combination of both old and new creates a unique bustling retail sector in George Town.[105]
There are four cinemas located in the city; the largest is the Gurney Plaza cinema with 1,618 seats. The cinemas are either owned by Golden Screen Cinemas (Gurney Plaza), TGV Cinemas (Gurney Paragon and 1st Avenue), or Lotus Five Star (Prangin Mall).
The city main football stadium, City Stadium has a capacity of around 40,000.[106] The stadium is the home ground of Penang FA.
International relations[edit]
Several countries have set up their consulates in George Town, including Australia,[107] Austria,[108] Canada,[108] China,[109] Denmark,[108] Finland,[108] Germany,[108] Indonesia,[110] Japan,[111] Poland,[112] Russia,[108] Sweden,[108] Thailand,[113] and the United Kingdom.[114]
Twin towns – Sister cities[edit]
George Town has six sister cities:
See also[edit]
- ^ Excluding the population in the whole administration area of Penang Island City Council, the city stand as the seventh largest city in Malaysia.
- ^ The new cenotaph is built in 11 November 1948 as a replaceable to an earlier cenotaph that have been destroyed by both the Japanese and Allied bombings in World War II.
- ^ Mike Aquino (30 August 2012). "Exploring Georgetown, Penang". Asian Correspondent. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
- ^ a b c "Looking for a 2016 vacation? Here are 16 must-see destinations". Los Angeles Times. 26 December 2015. Archived from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
- ^ a b Goh Ban Lee (19 May 2014). "The Penang Island City agenda". The Sun. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
- ^ a b Looi Sue-Chern (24 March 2015). "George Town a city again". The Malaysian Insider. Archived from the original on 26 March 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ a b c d e Cavina Lim (25 March 2015). "Penang's first mayor a woman". The Star. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ "Malaysia Elevation Map (Elevation of George Town)". Flood Map : Water Level Elevation Map. Archived from the original on 16 March 2015. Retrieved 25 September 2015.
- ^ a b Toni Marie Ford. "Penang Beach Holiday". Tropical Sky. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
- ^ a b c d Usman Haji Yaakob; Nik Norliati Fitri Md Nor (2013). "The Process and Effects of Demographic Transition in Penang, Malaysia" (PDF). School of Humanities. University of Science, Malaysia. pp. 42, 45 6, 9/28. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
- ^ Homi Kharas; Albert Zeufack; Hamdan Majeed (September 2010). "Cities, People & the Economy – A Study on Positioning Penang" (PDF). Khazanah Nasional, World Bank. ThinkCity. pp. 5, 12/105. ISBN 978-983-44193-3-2. Retrieved 26 January 2016.[dead link]
- ^ Hamdan Abdul Majeed (11 April 2012). "Urban Regeneration : The Case of Penang, Malaysia (Putting Policy into Practice) – The Penang Metropolitan Region (George Town Conurbation)" (PDF). Khazanah Nasional. World Bank. pp. 10/20. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 January 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
- ^ a b Wang Gungwu (7 April 2003). Anglo-Chinese Encounters Since 1800: War, Trade, Science and Governance. Cambridge University Press. pp. 121–. ISBN 978-0-521-53413-0.
- ^ a b c d e f Usman Yaakob; Tarmiji Masron; Fujimaki Masami (11 October 2015). "Ninety Years of Urbanization in Malaysia: A Geographical Investigation of Its Trends and Characteristics" (PDF). University of Science, Malaysia and Ritsumeikan University, Japan. Ritsumeikan. pp. 90, 99/23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 January 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
- ^ a b "Eight new sites, from the Straits of Malacca, to Papua New Guinea and San Marino, added to UNESCO's World Heritage List". UNESCO (World Heritage Site). 7 July 2008. Archived from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 8 July 2008.
- ^ a b Christina Oon Khar Ee; Khoo Suet Leng (2004). "Issues and challenges of a liveable and creative city: The case of Penang, Malaysia" (PDF). Development Planning and Management Programme, School of Social Sciences, University of Science, Malaysia. p. 1/11. ISSN 2180-2491. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ a b Wardah Fajri (17 February 2014). "Mengapa Pasien Puas Berobat ke Penang?" (in Indonesian). Kompas. Archived from the original on 20 January 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
- ^ a b "Tamasya ke George Town" (in Indonesian). Aceh Kita. 29 October 2013. Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ a b Abu Talib Ahmad (10 October 2014). Museums, History and Culture in Malaysia. NUS Press. pp. 233–. ISBN 978-9971-69-819-5.
- ^ a b c Editor Muhammad Haji Salleh (27 August 2015). Early History of Penang (Penerbit USM). Penerbit USM. pp. 39–40. ISBN 978-983-861-657-7.
- ^ a b Ashley Jackson (November 2013). Buildings of Empire. OUP Oxford. pp. 7–. ISBN 978-0-19-958938-8.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "History of Penang". Penang State Government. 14 September 2008. Archived from the original on 2 January 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ a b c "The Penang connection". The Hindu. 18 August 2014. Archived from the original on 8 January 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ a b c d Swettenham; Frank Athelstane (1850–1946). "Map to illustrate the Siamese question". W. & A.K. Johnston Limited. University of Michigan Library. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f Simon Richmond (2010). Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei. Lonely Planet. pp. 177–. ISBN 978-1-74104-887-2.
- ^ Robert K. Home (2013). Of Planting and Planning: The Making of British Colonial Cities. Routledge. pp. 69–. ISBN 978-0-415-54053-7.
- ^ a b c Streets of George Town, Penang. Areca Books. 2007. pp. 5–85. ISBN 978-983-9886-00-9.
- ^ a b Walter Makepeace; Gilbert E. Brooke; Roland St. J. Braddell; John Murray. "One hundred years of Singapore : being some account of the capital of the Straits Settlements from its foundation by Sir Stamford Raffles on the 6th February 1819 to the 6th February 1919". Library Bureau, University of Toronto Libraries. Internet Archive. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
- ^ Jin Seng Cheah (19 February 2013). Penang 500 Early Postcards. Editions Didier Millet. pp. 71–. ISBN 978-967-10617-1-8.
- ^ Ajay Kamalakaran (20 May 2015). "Battle of Penang: When Malay fishermen rescued Russian sailors". Russia Beyond the Headlines. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
- ^ a b c d Alan Warren (2006). Britain's Greatest Defeat: Singapore 1942. A&C Black. pp. 109–. ISBN 978-1-85285-597-0.
- ^ a b Nick Shepley (7 December 2015). Red Sun at War Part II: Allied Defeat in the Far East. Andrews UK Limited. pp. 21–. ISBN 978-1-78166-301-1.
- ^ Salma Nasution Khoo; Alison Hayes; Sehra Yeap Zimbulis (2010). Giving Our Best: The Story of St. George's Girls' School, Penang, 1885–2010. Areca Books. pp. 25–. ISBN 978-967-5719-04-2.
- ^ Paul H. Kratoska (1998). The Japanese Occupation of Malaya: A Social and Economic History. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. pp. 296–. ISBN 978-1-85065-284-7.
- ^ Kim Hong Tan (2007). 檳榔嶼華人史圖錄 (in Chinese). Areca Books. pp. 123–. ISBN 978-983-42834-7-6.
- ^ a b Himanshu Bhatt (17 December 2014). "Cabinet approves city status for Penang island". The Malaysian Insider. Archived from the original on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
- ^ "List of Parliamentary Elections Parts and State Legislative Assemblies on Every States". Ministry of Information Malaysia. Archived from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ Hairunnisa Md Arus; Dr. Mohd Effendi Daud; Najihah Remali (13–14 December 2012). "Seminar Teknikal Kebangsaan Gempa Bumi dan Tsunami (Study Area) – Implementing Thematic Indices Combination Technique for Tsunami Vulnerability Mapping in West Coast of Peninsula Malaysia using High-Resolution Imagery" (PDF). Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia, Penang State Government (in English and Malay). Petaling Jaya, Malaysia: Malaysian Meteorological Department. pp. 7/41. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2016. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
- ^ a b Nathaniel Fernandez (26 July 2014). "Making Penang more liveable". The Star. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
- ^ The Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Difussion of Useful Knowledge. Charles Knight. 1840. pp. 400–.
- ^ Tijs Neutens; Philippe de Maeyer (16 October 2009). Developments in 3D Geo-Information Sciences. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 206–. ISBN 978-3-642-04791-6.
- ^ "Penang/Bayan Lepas Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
- ^ "Klimatafel von Penang (George Town) / Malaysia" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
- ^ Wong Chun Wai (11 October 2015). "Proud of being multiracial". The Star. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
- ^ Dr. Leo Semashko and 75 GHA co-authors from 26 countries (2013). The ABC of Harmony: for World Peace, Harmonious Civilization and Tetranet Thinking: Global Textbook. Lulu.com. pp. 148–. ISBN 978-1-304-11284-2.
- ^ Teh Chee Jye; Dr. Lim Yong Long (February 2014). "An Alternative Architectural Strategy to Preserve the Living Heritage and Identity of Penang Hokkien Language in Malaysia" (PDF). International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment. University of Technology, Malaysia. pp. 243, 1/6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 January 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
- ^ Naidu Ratnala Thulaja (13 January 2005). "Jawi Peranakan community". National Library Board. Archived from the original on 18 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
- ^ Imran Hilmy (5 December 2014). "Penang accounts for 50% of medical tourists". The Sun. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- ^ OECD (29 March 2011). Higher Education in Regional and City Development Higher Education in Regional and City Development: State of Penang, Malaysia 2011. OECD Publishing. pp. 87–. ISBN 978-92-64-08945-7.
- ^ "About Us – Standard Chartered Bank Malaysia Berhad". Standard Chartered. Retrieved 3 January 2011.
- ^ "Bank of China (Malaysia) Berhad". Bank of China. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
- ^ "Free rides as 'Hop-On Hop-Off' starts". The Star. 17 November 2014. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
- ^ Arnold Loh (27 June 2015). "Uber makes presence felt in Penang". The Star. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
- ^ "Bicycle Rentals". Penang State Government. Archived from the original on 21 January 2016. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
- ^ "Penang tourism: Promoting cycle lanes in urban heritage areas". The Sun. 24 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
- ^ "Penang Hill train service to resume next year". Bernama. The Malaysian Insider. 6 October 2010. Archived from the original on 28 April 2015. Retrieved 3 January 2011.
- ^ Ric Francis; Colin Ganley (2006). Penang Trams, Trolleybuses & Railways: Municipal Transport History, 1880s–1963. Areca Books. pp. 114–. ISBN 978-983-42834-0-7.
- ^ Tan Sin Chow (15 August 2015). "Trams making comeback under RM27bil Penang plan". The Star. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
- ^ a b David Tan (16 April 2015). "First LRT project in Penang next year". The Star. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
- ^ "Penang to ease island's transport woes". The Star/Asia News Network. The Straits Times. 17 April 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
- ^ Looi Sue-Chern (25 January 2016). "After Ho Chi Minh, Yangon, let's have Hong Kong, says Lim". The Malaysian Insider. Archived from the original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
- ^ N. Trisha (28 January 2016). "First AirAsia plane flies in from Ho Chi Minh City". The Star. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
- ^ ""Market Watch 2010" The Environmental Sector in Malaysia" (PDF). Malaysian-German Chamber of Commerce and Industry. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- ^ a b "Hubungi Kami" (in Malay). Penang Law Courts Official Website. Archived from the original on 1 May 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
- ^ "Penang Syariah Court Directory". E-Syariah Malaysia. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
- ^ "Direktori PDRM (Pulau Pinang)" (in Malay). Royal Malaysia Police. Archived from the original on 12 September 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
- ^ a b "Direktori PDRM Pulau Pinang – Timur Laut" (in Malay). Royal Malaysia Police. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
- ^ "Clinics & Doctors in Penang – Clinics in George Town". Penang Travel Tips. Archived from the original on 29 January 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
- ^ "Senarai Klinik Kerajaan (List of Government Clinics)" (in Malay and English). Ministry of Health, Malaysia. Archived from the original on 29 January 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
- ^ "Pengenalan (Introduction)" (in Malay and English). Penang General Hospital. Archived from the original on 29 January 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
- ^ "Specialties & Services (Our Facilities & Services)". Lam Wah Ee Hospital. Archived from the original on 9 February 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
- ^ "About Us". Island Hospital. Archived from the original on 9 February 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
- ^ "About Us". Penang Adventist Hospital. Archived from the original on 9 February 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
- ^ "Services and Facilities Available". Loh Guan Lye Specialist Centre. Archived from the original on 9 February 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
- ^ "Our History". Pantai Hospitals (Gleneagles Hospitals). Archived from the original on 9 February 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
- ^ "The History – How It All Began". Gleneagles Penang. Archived from the original on 9 February 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
- ^ "Mount Miriam Cancer Hospital". Georgetown Penang Attractions. Archived from the original on 9 February 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
- ^ "Tropicana Medical Centre". Georgetown Penang Attractions. Archived from the original on 9 February 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
- ^ "SENARAI SEKOLAH MENENGAH DI NEGERI PULAU PINANG (List of Secondary Schools in Penang) – See Penang" (PDF). Educational Management Information System. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 March 2015. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
- ^ "Our Campuses". KDU University College. Archived from the original on 18 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
- ^ "About the Campus". SEGi College Penang. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
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- ^ "About Us". Olympia College. Archived from the original on 18 February 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
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- ^ "Introduction" (in Malay and English). Penang Public Library Corporation. Archived from the original on 30 January 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
- ^ "Perpustakaan Cawangan (Libraries Branch)" (in Malay and English). Penang Public Library Corporation. Archived from the original on 30 January 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
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- ^ Trinna Leong (15 June 2012). "No Sticker Lady Here: Malaysia Welcomes a New Banksy". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
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- ^ "Pinang Peranakan Mansion". Penang State Government. 3 September 2009. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
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Working with local partners and honorary representatives in Penang, Langkawi, Kota Kinabalu and Kuching to assist British nationals
- ^ a b c Hans Michelmann (28 January 2009). Foreign Relations in Federal Countries. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. pp. 198–. ISBN 978-0-7735-7618-6.
- ^ "Achievements of the Sister City Relationship". Adelaide City Council. Archived from the original on 20 December 2015. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
- ^ "Malaysia-Xiamen trade volume gets a boost". New Straits Times. 21 November 2001. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
- ^ "Kunjungan Hormat oleh Konsul Jeneral ke atas Walikota Medan" (in Malay). Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia. 13 September 2012. Archived from the original on 20 December 2015. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
- ^ "Malaysia: Taipei, Georgetown ink friendship memorandum". Central News Agency. Taiwan News. 29 March 2011. Archived from the original on 20 December 2015. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
- ^ "Sister Cities Agreement, Georgetown". International Affairs Division, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. Archived from the original on 20 December 2015. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
- ^ Natthaphol Wittayarungrote (18 September 2014). "Phuket and Penang become twin cities". Phuket Gazette. Archived from the original on 20 December 2015. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
- Suet Leng Khoo; Narimah Samat; Nurwati Badarulzaman; Sharifah Rohayah Sheikh Dawood The Promise and Perils of the Island City of George Town (Penang) as a Creative City (archive link). Urban Island Studies. (2015).
- Francis, Ric; Ganley, Colin. Penang Trams, Trolleybuses & Railways: Municipal Transport History 1880s–1963. Penang: Areca Books. (2006, 2nd ed. 2012) ISBN 983-42834-0-7.
- Khoo Salma Nasution. More Than Merchants: A History of the German-speaking Community in Penang, 1800s–1940s. Areca Books. (2006). ISBN 978-983-42834-1-4
- Ooi Cheng Ghee. Portraits of Penang: Little India. Areca Books. (2011). ISBN 978-967-5719-05-9
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to George Town, Penang.
|Wikivoyage has a travel guide for George Town, Penang.
|Tanjung Tokong
|Balik Pulau
|Bayan Lepas


text:
almost empty while walgreens parking lot is very active. I plan to stay long the wag
Walgreens gets more traffic than CVS and RAD in most communities. What is important to the stock price, is any significant change in traffic compared to the past and that is difficult to measure by casually observing the parking lots. I believe WAG stock will outperform CVS stock over the next 5 years and both will outperform RAD. WAG will prosper from Obamacare, international expansion with Boots and vertical integration with Amerisource Bergen. CVS will follow WAG's lead internationally and probably cut their own deal with a prominent drug wholesaler. RAD will continue to exist.

subset: commoncrawl


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Juliet Marillier
Juliet Marillier was born in Dunedin, New Zealand, a town with strong Scottish roots. She graduated from the University of Otago with degrees in languages and music, and has had a varied career that includes teaching and performing music as well as working in government agencies. Juliet now lives in a hundred-year-old cottage near the river in Perth, Western Australia, where she writes full-time. She is a member of the druid order OBOD. Juliet shares her home with a small pack of waifs and strays. Her historical fantasy novels and short stories are published internationally and have won a number of awards.
Blackthorn & Grim
On Tour
CONJURATION 2016 Marriott Century Center, GA
CONJURATION 2016 Marriott Century Center, GA 30345


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Pair Programming on Solr/Blacklight issues
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I am working on getting a blacklight installation (Ruby on Rails framework for solr querying) working against our in-house solr database.
It works correctly against the stock database for Blacklight, but not against our internal DB. My guess is there are a couple of config and facet issues.
I would like someone that I can screen share with during regular office hours 9am - 5pm EST.
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Hi guys! After watching the wonderful movie "August Rush", La musica nel cuore, in Gorizia with my ...
Hi guys! After watching the wonderful movie "August Rush", La musica nel cuore, in Gorizia with my friends, I was really impressed by the movie itself and by the soundtracks which made it lovely. I thought it would be great for me to cover the best track played by August (Freddie Highmore)in that movie.. It is just an improvisation but it is really impressive and full of rythm. I did not use any tab or music sheet, because they don't exist, since the track is an improvisation. It is called "Bari Improv", by Kaki King and it is considered as the main soundtrack of the movie. I hope you will appreciate this attempt; Freddy Highmore uses a Gibson J200, I use a Taylor 314..it is not obviously the same sound but it sounds good. Keep in contact with me for new video releases in the next days Francesco - San Benedetto del Tronto


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Chairman's Page
We are well into an exciting and historic Presidential election season. With two of the finest and strongest Democrats - former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders - offering solid leadership skills and proven experience, and engaging millions of American voters, the Democratic Party is well on its way to victory at the polls come November.
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Rhode Island Representative District 19
Chairman, Rhode Island Democratic Party
Elected Chairman in October 2014, Joseph McNamara was elected to the Rhode Island House of Representatives in 1994 from District 19 in Warwick. He has served as the chairman of the House Health, Education and Welfare Committee for the past 12 years.
McNamara holds a Bachelor of Science degree from Boston University and a Master's degree in education from Providence College. He is a retired Pawtucket public school administrator.


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Savage Classical Guitar & Our Mission
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- Be the Best at what I do and how me and Dan serve you in all ways. Dan Bouza is my trusted assistant and a very talented young man, knowing my methodology, setups, and sales procedures. He is my right hand. We put the personal touch on what we do, how we communicate, how we do business.
- Be the best classical guitar store on the planet, hands down!
- Offering the finest because I actually know what makes a fine guitar. Some classical guitar shops pretend to know what's up, offering a lot of "not so worthy" guitars. Ask yourself, "how many not so great guitars did I see at the last shop I was at"? Welcome to my shop – it's been called the "candy store" and for good reason. Come over and find out for yourself LOL … It's awesome here!
- Offer our true expertise of 30+ years of restoration and knowledge as a performing studio and classical guitarist and professional. There are no pretenders here. We know our business. I do this FULL TIME and have restored a hundred classical guitars in the last 35 years. What other dealer can say that?
- Deal honestly and fairly with you, whether you are a luthier, buyer or seller. You are my customer and I take that seriously. Easy to say. Easier to do from my point of view.
- Always be generous on both sides of the guitar, meaning the luthier and the client. That includes a Full Accessory Package with all Concert Guitars AND free shipping on all guitars to the US and a discount on International Shipping…see tab "FREE Shipping" below.
- I will always try to find the best price for you. Call me after you call everyone else.
- Make it a fun experience, one where you smile along the way, and most certainly, when it's all said and done. My classical guitar shop and business has grown on the back of my reputation as one of the nicest, fairest and openly honest people in the business. I've been told "priceless", but I'll let you be the judge.
By Appointment with Rich Sayage – 631-335-5447


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The "I Can't Afford It" Antidote
Next time you catch yourself about to say, "I can't afford it," pause.
It's bad magic. It feeds your money monster.
"I can't afford it" blames money, makes money the bad guy, and takes away your power. It makes you small. It's like fresh meat for your monster.
Continue reading
Wanna reprint it for your blog or e-zine? Cool! Just post a "written by Morgana Rae" credit, and
tell your readers to get my FREE Money Magnet Video Gift at www.morganarae.com. Thanks!


text: Today's Rebellion News – December 9th 2013 Ted Cruz sees legal landmines ahead for Obamacare (Washington Times – Tom Howell Jr.) *Lead Story* South Carolina voting on bill to end Obamacare in state (Daily Caller – Bruce Parker) *Must Read* 'A Lie Is a Lie': Sensenbrenner Wants Intel Director Clapper Prosecuted (PJ Media – Bridget Johnson) Gaining Steam? Nearly 100 Lawmakers Descend on Mount Vernon to Talk Convention of States (The Blaze – Becket Adams) China holds war games near Korean border (Washington Free Beacon – Bill Gertz) NYT: My, many of these ObamaCare premiums aren't really as low as they seem, are they? (Hot Air – Erika Johnsen) 2 Ways to Respond to Obamacare Apologists (Daily Reckoning – Jeffrey Dorfman) Why tech giants are now uniting against US surveillance (Christian Science Monitor – Henry Bruinius) Rhode Island recall: Gun-rights battle could backfire on town leaders (Minn Post – Mark Sappenfield) *Must Read* Smoke shops back e-cigarette regulations to protect themselves (Washington Examiner – Timothy P. Carney) California's ObamaCare exchange hands out consumer contact info without permission (Human Events – John Hayward) Directors of 3 State Health Exchanges Resign (Breitbart – Mike Flynn) China's Newest City: We Call It 'Detroit' (Forbes – Gordon G. Chang) Is Obama's pre-K education plan really a can't-miss, long-term winner? (AEI Ideas – James Pethokoukis) Cell carriers reveal 1.1M police requests (The Hill – Brendan Sasso) Andrew Jackson Lives! America's Foreign-Policy Populism (National Interest – Robert Golan-Vilella) NBC's Chuck Todd: White House Restricting Photo Access a "Version of Propaganda" (Townhall – Greg Hengler) Bankrupt San Bernardino Spends $1 Million on Police Raises (Reason – Scott Shackford) *Must Read* The Latest IRS Power Grab (Wall Street Journal – Bradley A. Smith) NSA Wrongly Says Warrantless Mobile-Phone Location Tracking Is Legal (Wired – David Kravets)


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On Tap Today: Wine. Dine. Repeat
Wine & Dine Wisconsin 2012 takes over the Delta Center Saturday and Sunday, and it's the perfect event for like-minded folks to gather together. Like, people who like cheese. People who like beer. People who like wine. People who like all of the above.
So in Friday Cue we provide some tips on how like-minded people can enjoy 'Wine & Dine." After all, with 150 exhibitors, what's not to like? »Read Full Blog Post
Alchemist Theatre's 'King Lear' reigns as family drama
Early in Friday's opening-night performance of Alchemist Theatre's "King Lear," Bo Johnson's aged king called for the map demonstrating his intended division of Britain among his three daughters. Lear's attendants dutifully unfurled it — with the bottom at the top and the top at the bottom. When they tried to hang the map up, it kept falling down.
Director Leda Hoffmann confirmed during intermission that this sequence wasn't planned. But such a topsy-turvy world aptly illustrates the disorder that descends on Britain once the hot-tempered Lear banishes his beloved Cordelia, counting on his remaining two daughters to keep him and Britain safe. »Read Full Article
Check out interactive map of southeast Wisconsin farmers markets
Another beautiful Saturday morning — perfect farmers market weather.
Good thing there are so many of them operating on Saturdays. »Read Full Article


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In the Blawg Directory:
- Featured Blawg: The Better Chancery Practice Blog
- Submit a legal blog to our directory
Explore the ABA Journal:
Posted Sep 15, 2009 6:54 AM CDT
Our first official tour day was action-packed. In the morning, we visited our first Rebel of the journey, Cheryl Conner, at her home in Sherborn, Mass., her wooded property as our backdrop.Later that afternoon, we recorded a Lawyer2Lawyer podcast about the Rebels project in the studios of the Legal Talk Network outside of Boston.
And we luxuriated in Lexington, MA's Aloft Hotel – a very cool place to bunk for the night. Learn more about all that, plus our songs of the day, shout-outs to some fans (and a critic) of the project, and what happens if you moon our tour vehicle, in today's video tour diary:
And for a faster-paced recap, get your groove on with this musical slideshow:
We welcome your comments, but please adhere to our comment policy and the ABA Code of Conduct.


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Sabbath services at Temple Emanu-El are held Fridays at 6 PM (EST/EDT)
and Saturdays at 10:30 AM. Services are streamed live and may be downloaded.
Services may be heard LIVE by clicking the "Play" button in the audio player below at the time of broadcast. Services may be heard at any other time, after the conclusion of the live service and for up to one week from the date of the service, by following the links below.
Listen to previously recorded services »
Download the MP3 audio files »
Listeners also may subscribe to our FREE RSS Feed or iTunes listing.
With the RSS Feed, "Temple Emanu-El Services" is added to your web browser as a bookmark.
To access recordings through iTunes, search for "Temple Emanu-El Services" in the
iTunes Store and click the "Subscribe" button from Emanu-El's podcast listing.
Services are updated automatically each week.
Back to Worship


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At a recent Open Access Futures presentation, speaker Rick Anderson noted that the music industry has moved from selling CDs to selling individual songs and he wondered whether academic journals might do the same. In other words, what if libraries one day stopped subscribing to scholarly journals but instead bought individual articles one at a time, in response to immediate needs by researchers?
As noted elsewhere in this blog, the publication record of Smithsonian scholars includes a growing portion of open access (OA) articles. During 2012, nearly 14% of scientific papers authored by Smithsonian scientists were published in OA journals. This is up from 7% in 2008 and it is expected to grow.
A frequently overlooked service that librarians provide to their users is that of selection for collection development. From the universe of available books, this service determines which should be acquired for a particular collection. Reference and subject-specialist librarians pore over an increasing volume of new book announcements and publisher and dealer catalogs, picking out the best titles that are appropriate for purchase and addition to the collection they manage. But like many more »
One common problem with the Internet is that hyperlinks become outdated without web page editor awareness. Websites change URLs for a host of reasons and unfortunately when third parties link to them users end up encountering "page not found" and other dead-link errors. For this reason, many academic publishers use a system of unique identifiers for their online content to act as permanent links to articles thereby avoiding these errors.
The open access (OA) movement has a lot of moving parts. For example it has led some research funding agencies to mandate that research publications resulting from grants should be made publicly available. A recent memo from the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy requires federal science agencies to prepare a policy for making the published results of scientific research available to the public. The Smithsonian Institution is now working to formalize its policy.
Several years ago the National Museum of Natural History hosted a visitor from Science magazine who gave a presentation for authors on strategies for getting published in that journal which boasts a low 7% acceptance rate. The session contained some helpful tips and the speaker ended his talk with some humor by speculating (somewhat facetiously, perhaps) on the top 10 future trends in scientific publishing. Referring to the recent growth in co-authorship, one of his "predictions" was that someday the list of co-authors for an article would exceed the length of the article itself. While that may have seemed amusing, few realized that within a short time the Smithsonian Research Online (SRO) database of scholarly publications would add an article which includes over 3000 co-authors and approximately the same number of words in the article's body of text.
The evaluation of research quality is a task which is attracting attention as the world turns more and more to evidence-based decision making. The work of scientists and historians are regularly reviewed by institutional administrators to ensure a high quality of scholarship and to determine where to deploy scarce resources. One of the most relied-upon components of research assessment is the review of publications authored by a particular scholar. And although publications are difficult to objectively evaluate, the standard method for many years was to use the journal impact factor. This method measured the number of times the articles from a particular journal were subsequently cited by other publications, for which a numeric score was assigned to the journal. It soon became prestigious for scholars to have their papers published in a journal with a high impact factor.
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I'm Fr. Craig Collison, pastor here at St. Lawrence in Carroll and Holy Family in Lidderdale. Thanks for visiting our website and we hope your summer season is one of rest and relaxation but also one that allows you a ton of family activity, and fun following all kinds of summer events.
Feel most welcome as you browse our website. St. Lawrence looks forward to the celebration of our Centennial in August of 2016. Our bishop, the Most Reverend R. Walker Nickless will be with us Sunday, August 14 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of St. Lawrence at the 10:00 o'clock Mass. Come join us!
If you are in the area and looking for a place to celebrate the Eucharist this summer, please consider joining us! Weekend Masses at St. Lawrence are at 4:00 PM on Saturday and 8:00 and 10:00 AM on Sunday; at Holy Family in Lidderdale at 6:00 PM on Saturday with the first weekend of the month, 8:30 on Sunday Morning. Our weekday Mass at St. Lawrence is celebrated at 7:00 AM Tuesday through Friday.
Have a super summer.
Most sincerely yours in Christ,
Fr. Craig A. Collison, Pastor
St. Lawrence – Carroll
Holy Family – Lidderdale
God our Father, we beg You for an increase in religious vocations. Help our people offer their lives in service to You. Let them hear Your Spirit's invitation, and awaken in their hearts a desire to respond with courage, generosity, and joy. Raise up from our families faithful leaders who will serve as priests, deacons and consecrated religious, as we entrust to Your care all who seek to do Your will. We ask this through Christ our Lord. Amen.
I WILL LIFT UP THE CUP OF SALVATION AND CALL ON THE NAME OF THE LORD. Psalm 116:12-13
Being a priest is awesome. On June 6, I celebrate the one-year anniversary of my ordination to the priesthood of Jesus Christ. The ordination was very awe-inspiring for me. I felt a little nervousness and a lot of excitement during the hours preceding the ordination Mass. As soon as my classmate, Fr. Michael Cronin, and I walked into the cathedral during the entrance processional, peace and joy rushed into my soul. This moment of new beginning had been a long time coming. There had been a lot of consideration, prayer, wrestling, and studying going into this day of ordination. There was no better preparation or help going into this day than the Holy Spirit who assisted me in making my promises to the Bishop and in offering my life to Jesus' service in our church. I am still reflecting upon the change in my soul and life that occurred when the Bishop prayed silently over me. How ever many true ways there are to describe this moment, I would say there was a sense of desire and fulfillment. Desire to be all for God and God fulfilling this desire in me.
I imagine that my brother priests and anyone who has made a lifelong commitment, such as a husband or wife, have the maturity they have because they have put their ideals into practice through great reliance on God and strength of heart. It is not easy to live up to the ideals we make for ourselves. Sometimes, our ideals need to be refined or replaced by others. Other times, the values that you or I hold are not the values God our Father wants to guide us. And to what ideals we hold, our character is so fashioned. When these waves of ideals crash against the rocks of reality and we are forced to make a choice, this is the moment that each worthy ideal shapes reality itself; and reality, in turn, tests the authenticity of each ideal. So perhaps the two extremes are inauthentic idealism and cynicism. In between is the strong foundation of Christian realism.
Over this past year of priesthood and past two years of my life as a deacon, there have been plenty of rocks. Perhaps they are pebbles compared to what is to come. I imagine that is the case (because Fr. Collison has been guiding me along the way and making things smoother for me). One of the rocks in my life is 24. Twenty-four hours in a day, that is. There is only so much time (and also energy, although I still sometimes feel like a kiddo with lots of time). I am having to learn to prioritize my use of time with what God wants me to do at the parishes, school, and beyond, and the guiding principle is: Charity. Perhaps, you feel this way about your daily schedule: so much to do, so little time. No worries, we can work it out together.
But wherever there is an ominous rock, God is there. This is one of the awesome parts about being a priest. Seeing God present in difficult moments making sure that everybody is cared for is awe-inspiring. God is very active in our lives. Sometimes he chooses to work through specific people in our lives. For example, he has worked in big ways through my spiritual directors and my parents. He has also helped me out by working in you. The love, acceptance and support of my parishioners is wonderful. You are a great support in my life. This transition into summer is an apt time to reflect upon the people who have been there for us in the last year and to give thanks.
I am grateful for being a priest because I feel like I have found God's way for me to be happy and grow in charity. It is a stretching vocation because it stretches me in ways I would not have been stretched otherwise (and I am talking more than my belt size!). God stretches our hearts when he calls us to love each other. So, couldn't we say that the ideal of love crashes against any unredeemed self-centeredness left in our hearts? How will the chips fall? Just like this young priest is a work-in-progress, we can be too. By the way, we are practicing Catholics, we are not perfect yet. God is with us each step along the way. We don't want to let the 'perfect' blind us of the good God is doing in each present moment. I am learning a lot here, having a lot of fun, and growing as a priest. Thank you for having me as your assistant priest. If there are any other young men thinking about being a priest, I would be happy to tell them more about the goodness of one year of priesthood.


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Bluegrass Gospel Concert next weekJuly 05,2013Bluegrass Gospel
Concert is July 9
CASTLETON The Bluegrass Gospel Project will take the stage at 7 p.m. Tuesday at the Castleton Pavilion.
Playing together since 2001, the Bluegrass Gospel Project offers its audience an eclectic mix of folk, pop and bluegrass.
The show is presented by Castleton State Collage and is part of the 18th annual Summer Concert Series. For more information about the concert series, visit www.castleton.edu/concerts.MORE IN This Just InBENNINGTON A Bondville woman is facing a felony charge after police said they learned she was... Full StoryBENNINGTON A local man is facing up to 50 years in jail after being arraigned earlier this... Full StoryVermont leaders face many policy challenges, chief among them demographics change, according to... Full Story
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Suspect wounded in police shootingApril 27,2013Suspect wounded
in police shooting
WINOOSKI A Vermont man who was shot in the thigh by a Winooski police officer after a confrontation has pleaded innocent to related charges.
A judge Friday said Isaac Sage, 35, of Winooski should undergo a mental health evaluation to determine his sanity at the time of the incident and whether he is mentally competent for court proceedings.
The Burlington Free Press reported that Sage has been treated and released from the hospital.
Vermont State Police said two officers were responding to a trespassing complaint Thursday afternoon when Sage resisted arrest and punched an officer in the face, causing a concussion and broken nose.
Police said an officer used a stun gun, but when it failed to subdue Sage, one of the officers fired his gun.MORE IN This Just InMONTPELIER The Vermont State Colleges System Board of Trustees voted unanimously Thursday to... Full StoryWHITE RIVER JUNCTION An East Hardwick man who already has an active felony drug possession case... Full StoryA New York man who already served time for his connection with a cocaine-selling ring was... Full Story
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Wordpress theme customisation
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environment health and safety management Companies serving Senegal
Current filtering criteriaYou can remove a filter by clicking on the x
Keyword: environment health and safety management ×
Industry: Chemical & Pharmaceuticals ×
Serving: Africa ×
Serving: Senegal ×
Carus Corporation
based in Peru, ILLINOIS (USA)
At Carus Corporation we manufacture quality products to help our customers solve environmental concerns. Our vision reflects a long-term commitment to serve our customers. Carus supports Responsible Care® - an initiative that fosters involvement in the community and continuous improvement in environment, health, security, and safety. VISION: "To be a leader in providing ...
WCA Environment Ltd.
based in Oxfordshire, UNITED KINGDOM
WCA Environment Ltd. are a consultancy organisation providing independent and objective advice on the sources, fate and effects of chemicals in both the natural and industrial environments. Our staff of environmental scientists, toxicologists and chemists provide quality assured advice and consultancy for clients in commercial and governmental organisations worldwide. We ...
IRC Risk and Safety LLC
based in Houston, TEXAS (USA)
As a leading global provider of environmental, health, safety, risk, and social consulting services, ERM has sustainability at the heart of both our services and how we operate our business. We employ over 4,000 people with 140 offices in 40 countries worldwide.For over 40 years we have been working with clients around the world and in diverse industry sectors to help ...
3E Company
based in Carlsbad, CALIFORNIA (USA)
3E Company's comprehensive suite of data products and information services enable improved compliance with global Environmental Health & Safety (EH&S) requirements related to the safe manufacturing, distribution, transportation, usage and disposal of chemicals and hazardous products. This full chemical lifecycle approach enables in-house EH&S staff to reduce cost, risk ...
Euro-Gas Management Services Ltd
based in Devon, UNITED KINGDOM
We`ve been providing solutions to the problems of industrial safety and environmental pollution for 25 years. Our team have over 50 years of experience in gas detection. We take safety very seriously. With our technical expertise and knowledge of worldwide industrial markets, Euro-Gas meets the essential needs relating to the safety of personnel and pollution control. We ...
Q5 Systems Limited (Q5AIMS Audit & Inspection Management System)
based in St. John's, NEWFOUNDLAND (CANADA)
Q5 Systems is a Newfoundland owned and operated company that has been developing quality, security, and environmental, health and safety software for more than 11 years to help professionals better manage the complexity of an ever-changing business environment and the inherent risks associated with every day operations. Q5 offers a suite of safety software products to ...
Waters Corporation
based in Milford, MASSACHUSETTS (USA)
Waters creates business advantages for laboratory-dependent organizations by delivering practical and sustainable scientific innovation to enable significant advancement in healthcare delivery, environmental testing, food safety, chemical materials and water quality. For nearly fifty years, Waters has helped customers make profound discoveries, optimize operations, ...
ASK EHS Engineering & Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
based in Surat, INDIA
ASK EHS specialize in all area of Environment, Health and Safety Services, with an emphasis on safety consulting. ASK-EHS is capable of catering quality and state-of-the-art services in the field of Environment, Health & Safety to the emerged and emerging construction projects and operation industries in India and abroad.
Intelex Technologies Inc.
based in Toronto, ONTARIO (CANADA)
(Intelex Technologies, Inc.) Trusted since 1992, Intelex is a global leader in EHS, Quality and Business Performance Management software. We enable organizations to ensure the highest standard of health, safety and environmental conditions as well as superior product and service quality by streamlining and integrating business data for our more than 1,000 clients and ...
UL - The Wercs
based in Latham, NEW YORK (USA)
UL - The Wercs, is a software development company located in NY that provides SDS software tools and services to help organizations author, manage, and distribute Safety Data Sheets, Labels, and various documents required under OSHA, EU Directives, and other regulatory bodies worldwide. In addition to keeping compliant with regulations, The WERCS and its chemical ...
Enhesa - Global EHS & Product Compliance Assurance
based in Brussels, BELGIUM
Enhesa is a global environmental, health and safety consulting firm, providing EHS regulatory compliance assurance support to businesses worldwide. Over the past 20 years, Enhesa has built a knowledgebase of EHS regulations which includes the `What` of business requirements, the `How` to develop cost-effective solutions and the `When` of enforcement activities in over 200 ...
Kalosoft Systems Technologies Pvt Ltd
based in Dehradun, INDIA
Kalosoft is marketing a environment health and safety software ExEss which is compliend with GHS and REACH regulations. ExESS is an IT solution which complies with REACH and GHS. ExESS provides material safety data sheet (MSDS) generation, Environmental Management, Safety & Health Management Systems, Risk assessment tools. ExESS can be integrated or configured with your ...
Jogi Safetech Solutions
based in Surat, INDIA
Jogi is a Professional Consultancy Firm, based in india providing World Class Consultancy on implementation and management of Process Safety and Risk Manegement Systems. It is headed by a Chemical Engineer and Management Professional, Who has over 15 years experience in implementing and integrating management systems for Process Safety, Occupational Health & Safety and ...
Green Circle Consultants (I) Pvt.Ltd.,
based in Vadodara, INDIA
GCCIPL is part of Green Group having business interests in Environment,Health&Hygiene,Safety,Quality Systems & Risk Management Services in India & overseas markets. We have 6 Business Divisions, which include Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Engineering, Risk Management Services & Electrical Services, Business Management Systems, CDM & CP, Training & ...
Cholamandalam MS Risk Services Limited
based in Chennai, INDIA
Cholamandalam MS Risk Services Ltd is a joint venture of the diversified US $3 billion Indian business conglomerate, Murugappa group and Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance group, one of the largest insurance groups in the world. The company has a technical collaboration with InterRisk (a group company of Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance group) and is a fast growing Risk management ...
IMSM Ltd
based in Malmesbury, UNITED KINGDOM
IMSM adds value to businesses by attracting new clients and improving efficiency, through quality (ISO 9001), environmental (ISO 14001), and Health & Safety (BS OHSAS 18001) management systems, providing a fixed fee, fixed timescale, integrated solution. ISO 14001 is an international standard which recognises the actions of responsible businesses in management and ...
Rivo Software Ltd.
based in Warwick, UNITED KINGDOM
At Rivo, we've built market leading applications that transform how EHS and risk is managed. No matter the size of your organization, how many sites you have or where they are located, our apps will help you automate repeatable tasks, engage your employees and deliver razor sharp insight. We have over 180 clients across 86 countries, and our apps help them protect people, ...
Plymovent Group BV
based in Alkmaar, NETHERLANDS
Plymovent is a global, leading supplier of products, systems and services for the extraction and filtration of polluted indoor air. We provide high-quality solutions that remove welding and cutting fumes, grinding dust and oil mist in the metalworking industry. Additionally, we offer solutions for the capturing and removal of vehicle exhaust gases. Our products contribute ...
NSF International
based in Ann Arbor, MICHIGAN (USA)
National Sanitation Foundation, we changed our name to NSF International in 1990 as we expanded our services beyond sanitation and into global markets. The letters in our organization`s name do not represent any specific words today.NSF International for the development of public health standards and certification programs that help protect the world's food, water, ...
eConserve Software
based in Singapore, SINGAPORE
FirstEHS provides a scalable platform for the management to review and upgrade the safety strategy across multiple facilities and business units. It is an effective tool to organize end-to-end features of occupational safety, to suggest a methodology, to plan safety budgets, to eliminate non-conforming areas and to address employees' claims. It generates online statutory ...


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Ninja Gaiden Shadow
Title Data
- Genre:
- Action > Platformer > 2D
- Developer:
- Natsume
Release Data
Data and credits for this game contributed by odino, steamliner88, Blueberry Buttface, hydao, oliist, and ReyVGM.
Know Something We Don't?
You can submit or update game data or submit game credits to help us keep our data up-to-date.


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& Conditions |
Privacy Policy
Just enter in your state into form below and get the list of top insurance agencies in your area. In order to get the quote on their sites you need to respond to a few questions about your previous driving history and your driving record. Some agencies will ask you what you drive and will even check to see how you were insured in the past. This, of course, is not common but you should be aware that it happens.
You deserve to have the type of driving record you want. This is easy to have once you have the kind of protection and coverage you need. With this, you can have the freedom of knowing you are covered if you are in an accident or if you are pulled over for speeding. Don't hesitate to get the facts about auto insurance. This site can help you get the resources you need right now.
Did you know that driving without proper and valid car insurance in most states is illegal? You should be aware that when you become a driver, you take on a whole new set of responsibilities and must live up to the standards of a licensed driver. This not only includes paying for your vehicle, driving carefully, abiding the laws and rules as a licensed driver but making sure that you are insured as the law requires.
All too often, folks who are just like you, fail to get the needed car insurance that they should have because they think it is too expensive. The reality is that now more than ever, affordable car insurance is made available to you. You no longer have to worry about the cost of payments along with life is many other bills and payments. You can look into the various agencies in your area and find the most affordable car insurance. But there is no need to waste money or time if you think that you deserve to have the insurance you want in a faster, more efficient, way.
That's what we're here for. This site gives you the information and resources that you want in order to get the low cost of insurance you need. All you have to do in order to get the affordable car insurance that's out there is take a little time and save online!
Once you have finished filling out the questions online, you simply wait a moment or two while your quote is generated. Do this for a minimum of five agencies and soon, you'll have the ability to compare up to five quotes, the right amount of quotes to get an idea of you would have to pay in the insurance market.
Once you have chosen the affordable car insurance that you want, you simply pick it on our site. When you have, you can rest assured, knowing that you have received the right coverage at the right cost. You no longer have to be a driver at risk of being pulled over for a minor violation, only to pay a higher price of not having required car insurance.
Learn more today!


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For the reigning AL Central Champion Minnesota Twins the question is can Joe Nathan, who missed the entire 2010 season after having Tommy John surgery last spring, return to form and prove he is still one of the best closers in the American League?
While in Chicago, the division runner-up in 2010, the question is who will replace Bobby Jenks at the end of the White Sox bullpen—will Matt Thornton get the call or will White Sox newcomer Jesse Crain finally make the move to closer?
For Detroit, Cleveland, and Kansas City the closer role appears to be set as training camps are set to open this week.
Here's my look at the division's closers and potential closers heading into 2011.


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Full CoverageWEATHER
Tracking Sex Offenders Before HalloweenUPDATED 10:19 PM CDT Oct 09, 2012
Registered sex offenders may be luring your child to their house with Halloween decorations.
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