text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Sep 2, 2003
|Filing date
|Jan 2, 1998
|Priority date
|Jan 2, 1998
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Shafik Jalal Hakim, Jean Frances Zaleckas
|Original Assignee
|Lucent Technologies Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (56), Classifications (22), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to providing communications over the Internet and, more particularly, to apparatus for and a method of providing special calling services over the Internet.
Toll-Free 800/888 service (referred to hereinafter as Toll-Free service) provides significant revenues to service providers. The U.S. domestic Toll-Free service has been a great success generating large revenues for businesses by using a single national telephone number and by reverse charging for calls made to that number. This service is currently offered only within the U.S. and thus is a domestic service only.
The international calling market is quite profitable and is increasing as the world's commerce moves rapidly towards globalization. There are many U.S. and non-U.S. based companies whose business would be tremendously enhanced if they could offer and advertise their international Toll-Free numbers to a world wide customer base instead of just to their U.S. based clientele. However, international Toll-Free service is difficult to offer because of many factors such as differences in country cost structures, differences in international numbering plans, and differences in bit stream synchronization. Tariff allocation is also very difficult across national boundaries especially when many countries are involved in establishing the connection. The above problems have made international Toll-Free service implementation and management very difficult.
In accordance with the present invention, the above problems in providing international Toll-Free service implementation and management are eliminated using our method of establishing a call connection over the Internet. More generally, our inventive Internet based calling method enables calling connections to be established using special service dialed numbers, (referred to hereinafter as special services numbers), such as a Toll-Free number (e.g., an 800 or 888 number), a caller billed voice service number (e.g., a 900 number), a caller billed data service number (e.g., a 700 number), etc.
Our inventive Internet call connection method comprises the steps of (a) an Internet Telephony Server (ITS) receiving a dialed special services number of an originated call; (b) mapping the dialed special services number to a destination number and a Internet Protocol (IP) address of a terminating ITS that serves the destination number; and (c) routing the originated call from an originating Internet Telephony Server (ITS) to that terminating ITS, by using the determined IP address, and then to the destination number to complete the call.
In accordance with another aspect of our invention, an Internet call connection uses an Internet Telephony Server (ITS) apparatus comprising (1) an interface for receiving a dialed special services number over a trunk connected to the server; (2) accessing means for accessing a mapping database using the dialed special services number to obtain a destination number and a terminating Internet Protocol address; and (3) a call router for routing the call and the destination number to a terminating ITS identified by the terminating Internet Protocol address.
Another aspect of our invention provides a database apparatus for use with the Internet comprising (1) interface means for receiving a dialed special services number and for outputting an obtained destination number and terminating Internet Protocol (IP) address to the Internet and (2) a mapping database for mapping the received dialed special services number to obtain said destination number and said terminating Internet Protocol (IP) address.
In the drawing,
FIG. 1 shows an illustrative block diagram of existing toll free service architecture;
FIG. 2 shows an operational flow diagram for the existing toll free service architecture of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 shows an illustrative block diagram of the existing interconnection of a privately owned Private Branch EXchange and the Internet;
FIG. 4 shows an illustrative block diagram of the interconnection of the public switched network and the Internet in accordance with the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows an operational flow diagram for providing a U.S. originated to an international destination call over the public switched network and the Internet of FIG. 4, in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows an operational flow diagram for providing an international site originating a call to a U.S. destination (or another international destination) call over the public switched network and the Internet of FIG. 4, in accordance with the present invention; and
FIG. 7 shows an illustrative overall block diagram of an Internet Telephony Server (ITS) apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
In the following description, each item or block of each figure has a reference designation associated therewith, the first number of which refers to the figure in which that item is first located (e.g., 121 is located in FIG. 1).
Shown in FIG. 1. is a block diagram of a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 100, illustratively, the AT&T network, used to provide existing Toll-Free service. As shown, the network 100 is a hierarchical arrangement of toll switches e.g., Class 4 switches, 103 and 105 and local switches e.g., Class 5 switches, 107 and 109 which are switchably connected together. The local switches 107 and 109 provide network access to communication devices e.g., telephones 111 and 113, requiring communication services over the network.
In a well known manner, the toll switches 103 and 105 utilize an associated 2NCP (Network Control Point—in the case of AT&T's network), 120, to determine the destination number (npa-nxx-xxx), call routing, as well as some billing parameters for a call. The 2NCP is an adjunct processor hosting a database that maps the called 800/888 number to a destination (npa-nxx-xxxx) number. After the destination number is obtained, the specific routing path is obtained from other network components. Additional routing conditions for calls may also use data from an adjunct 121 which also interfaces to the 2NCP.
In operation, the 2NCP maps the dialed Toll-Free 800/888 number to an actual destination number. The 2NCP database resides on a reliable computer which may be configured in a fault-tolerant manner and run by an operating system that ensures high reliability of services. The 2NCP may additionally provide more sophisticated information in the case of a call center application. Within the U.S., many 2NCP databases exist located at various sites nationally. Each Long Distance Carrier (LDC) provides similar service and similar databases that may have different names though their functions are almost identical.
With joint reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 we describe the existing operations in establishing an illustrative domestic Toll-Free call. This description is being provided as background from which the enhancements provided by the present invention may be better understood. At present, the network path for a Toll-Free call starts with a caller, e.g., at telephone 111, dialing a toll-free number (e.g., 888-Flowers), in step 201 of FIG. 2. In step 202, the Class 5 local switch 107 receives the call; in step 203, it accesses a data base; and, in step 204, determines the carrier, e.g., 288, that owns the Toll-Free number (i.e., 888-Flowers). In step 205, local switch 107 uses the carrier identification (carrier Id) to determine a trunk over which, in step 206, it outpulses or sends the call information to the Class 4-toll switch 103 that services the initiating local switch 107. In step 207, the call reaches the toll switch 103.
Using the destination number, toll switch 103 proceeds with terminating the call as it normally does for other long distance calls. In step 208 toll switch 103 determines that the dialed number is a Toll-Free number and sends a request to 2NCP, 120. In step 209, the 2NCP receives the request and returns a network routing number to toll switch 103. When the toll switch 103 receives the routing number from the 2NCP it is routed along with the destination number, in step 210, to the terminating (or destination) toll switch 105 in the same manner as a conventional long distance call. In step 211, the terminating toll switch 105 receives the call and routes it to the local terminating Class 5 switch 109. In step 212, the terminating switch 109 sends the call over the proper telephone line to the destination telephone 113 location where, in step 213, it is received. This calling procedure is the same as for a conventional long distance call difference except that billing is reversed charged to the owner of the 800/888 number rather than the calling number. An important part in maintaining reliable telephone service is the effort and cost incurred in ensuring that the national 2NCP databases remain in sync as well as ensuring that billing is done properly.
The above-described national Toll-Free service has been a great success generating large revenues for businesses, by making it easier for customers to contact them from anywhere. The same service is difficult to offer internationally because of many factors such as cost variations in international numbering plans and data synchronization. Local tariffs have made toll-free services very difficult across national boundaries especially when many countries are involved in establishing the call connection.
With reference to FIG. 3, we describe an illustrative block diagram of the existing interconnection of the public switched network and the Internet. The Internet 301 is a packet switched network that interconnects millions of computers and operates using the World Wide Web (WWW) protocol. Internet service providers 302 provide direct access to a variety of users 303 and 304. Access to the Internet is also provided through the Public Switched Network (PSTN) and Private Voice Network (PVN) 315. Such PSTN/PVN 315 access to the Internet 301 uses and requires the use of an Internet Telephony Server (ITS), e.g., 305 and 306 used in conjunction with a privately owned Private Branch Exchange (PBX) e.g. 309 and 310. Lucent Technologies, Inc. has developed two such ITSs, designated as the ITS and the ITS-SP for service providers, each providing call processing over the Internet.
The Lucent ITS enables voice calls to be placed over the Internet 301 or intranet (not shown) packet networks. The ITS enables privately owned PBX's, e.g., 309 and 310; fax machines. e.g., 307 and 308; and telephones, e.g., 311 and 312 to communicate over the Internet 301 or intranet networks. The ITS supports both voice and fax communications.
The Lucent ITS features presently include:
Reduction of long distance and local toll charges
Utilizes current telephone system
Enables use of already existing Internet/intranet
Required use of a Private Branch EXchange (PBX)
Standard NICs 10/100 MB
Standard DSP cards
Standard T1/E1 or analog interface for interoperability with existing telephone systems.
Compatible with H.323 client telephony products
Lucent Elemedia voice compression technology
Utilization of least cost routing plans as implemented by PBXs
The primary use of ITS, 305 or 306, is for providing long distance calls over the Internet network 301.
The Lucent ITS-SP features presently include:
Reduction of long distance and local toll charges
Utilizes current telephone system
Enables use of already existing Internet/Intranet
2-stage dialing
User Access Authentication & Security
Lucent Elemedia voice compression technology
Unixware (SCO) operating environment
Bandwidth management
Network Management
The ITS-SP must advertise a local number to which users must dial into from the PSTN. The ITS-SP answers the call, and prompts the user for an access code to confirm authorization. Once the user is authorized, the user must enter the destination number they wish to connect to. The ITS-SP accesses its database to find the ITS-SP serving the destination number and then proceeds to route the callers request. The originating and terminating ITS-SP's connect the call through the Internet while the terminating ITS-SP outpulses the digits supplied to reach the terminating destination number the user requested. The callers request to use Internet Telephony, due to the steps required to reach the ITS-SP, is not transparent.
ITS and ITS-SP Enhancements
In accordance with the present invention, the ITS and/or ITS-SP is enhanced to provide the ability for a caller, e.g., in FIG. 4 at 401, to dial a destination telephone e.g., 411, using a designated special telephone services number such as toll-free (800 and 888 number) services, caller billed (900 number) services and caller billed (700 number) services.
If the caller designated the ITS 404 as its long distance carrier, or if a carrier Id designated for the ITS, is dialed first such as is today for the PSTN, for example 10288 (for AT&T), or 10321 (for some other carrier), then the Local Class 5 switch, i.e., 402, routes the call to the ITS 404. The local switches, e.g., 402, connects to the Internet via T1 type trunks (and E1 trunks for European and other international locations), e.g., 403. The ITS 404 routes the call over the Internet 405 to the terminating ITS, e.g., 414, serving the dialed npa-nxx location. The terminating ITS 414 then dials the terminating local class 5 switch, e.g., 412, to complete the connection to the destination telephone 411.
As shown in FIG. 4, the ITSs 404 and 414 connect to local telephone network via local switches 402 and 412, respectively. The use of the Internet 405 and the local networks enables a caller to call another party with no or minimal charge compared to a call placed over the long distance PSTN 400 (hereinafter referred to as PSTN), where calls are much more costly. In this capacity, the ITSs 404 and 414 assume the role of the Class 4 toll switch of the PSTN 400. However, rather than using complex PSTN 400 based call routing where the "npa" and then the "nxx." to route a call, the Internet 405 requires the use of an Internet Protocol (IP) address for all subsidiaries, hence, all ITSs 404, 416, 407, 414 and 421, and then uses, via router devices, the IP addresses to route a call. Thus to route a call an originating ITS 404 just addresses the call to the IP address of the destination ITS 414 in our example. Each ITS, 404, 416, 407, 414 and 421, thus have a trunk for interconnection to class 5 switches. The class 5 switch in turn determined the trunk via a carrier Id to trunk mapping. Each ITS uses the trunk for communication to/from the local telephone network and an IP address for providing communication to/from the Internet 405. In this manner, the ITS's provide a gateway service, i.e., the capability to interface between the local telephone network and the Internet.
The process of connecting the voice path could proceed using the following as an example of the implementation of this invention:
1. The destination ITS established basic handshake communication with the terminating ITS. This handshake is established as described elsewhere in this application
2. The purpose of establishing the handshake is to ensure that a connectivity path does indeed exist.
3. The originating ITS requests an "open_call13 path" message to the destination ITS
4. The destination ITS responds with the necessary call path information that allows the originating ITS to open a call path for the desired originated call
5. The originating ITS sends a "start_call" message to the destination ITS
6. The destination ITS dials the destination number through the destination class 5 switch
7. The destination ITS sends a "ready13 to_receive_call" message to the originating ITS
8. The originating ITS opens the call path to the caller
9. The destination ITS starts logging call duration and any other information that may be needed for billing purposes
10. When the originating ITS detects an "off_hook" signal from the local class 5 switch, its sends a "call_complete" message to the terminating ITS which in turns sends an "off_hook" message to the destination class 5 switch.
11. The above pattern is provided here as an example. Final implementation of the concepts in this invention may be similar though not exact.
In order for ITS to provide reliable domestic and international Toll Free 800/888 number services, its hardware platform and operating system must have the superior reliability we have come to expect of the telephone toll switches. Shown in FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an ITS implemented in accordance with the present invention. The ITS 701 is shown to include an PSTN interface 702, an Internet interface 703, a processor-based router 704 and a Mapping (or Routing) database unit 705.
The PSTN interface 702 interfaces ITS 701 to telephone Customer Premise Equipment (CPE) which includes the telephone and the new expanded definition of a CPE. The expanded definition of a CPE includes a TV set, equipped with a voice reception and sending capability, a PC equipped with speakers, microphone and appropriate software or a cellular telephone. The CPE can be serviced over a satellite-based network or over a terrestrial network. The PSTN interface 702, e.g., includes T1/E1 cards to interface to the T1 line 320 (as it does today), to enable ITS 701 to logically communicate over PSTN 710 using the following standard telephony protocols:
ISDN or POTS to the circuit switched network.
High-speed TCP/IP WAN connection to/from ITS
High-speed TCP/IP LAN connection to/from ITS.
These protocols are needed to enable the ITS 701 to provide voice, data and enhanced services. These protocols existing today on the ITS could be enhanced to utilize for example, well known FDDI and ATM technologies.
For the International calling services, the PSTN interface 702 is equipped with the appropriate standard interface cards that allow it to communicate with the various transmission protocols recognized and used in the European, and Asian telephone markets.
The ITS 701 also includes an Internet Interface Card (NIC) 703, to interface to the Internet 720, and a Digital Signal Processor (DSP)-based router 704 to control connections between the PSTN interface 702 and the Internet interface 703. The Internet interface 703 enables the ITS 701 to communicate logical IP addresses over the Internet 720. The DSP-based router 704 also performs decompression/compression, decoding/coding and depacktization/packetization of signals to/from Internet 720. Enhancements include the use of the DSP-based router 704 uses of the Mapping database unit 705 to convert special services telephone numbers used by the circuit switched network 710 to and from IP addresses used by the Internet 720.
The Mapping data base 705 includes database 706 which provides conversion of International and National (domestic) Toll-Free telephone numbers to a destination number needed to complete an incoming local Toll-Free number call in any country to a destination number in any another country. The database 709 provides a caller Id (e.g., caller number) to destination number conversion for applications where the special service number is mapped to several destination numbers depending on the caller's Id. The Mapping data base 705 also includes Telco/IP database 707 for destination telephone number to IP address conversions and an IP/Telco database 708 for IP address to the destination telephone number conversions. The provisioning unit 710 enables a user to update data in all of the databases of Mapping database 705.
Thus, the Mapping database 705 maps the dialed npa-nxx-xxxx number to an IP address that belongs to the ITS serving that dialed npa-nxx-xxxx number. In this way the receiving ITS is a part of the reception facility, albeit it is shared among many customers located on the same local exchange that the terminating npa-nxx-xxxx number exists.
It should be noted that the Mapping database 705 described above need not reside on each ITS as shown in FIG. 7, but may be located on one or more separate servers connected to and shared among the various ITS machines in the network. Initially, the Mapping database 705 could reside on one ITS itself. The decision on how many Mapping database 705 should be used is an architectural implementation matter that depends on capital cost, and initial projected number of customers. When multiple Mapping databases 705 are used, a database synchronizer unit 711 is used to maintain data uniformity among the multiple Mapping databases 705. As the number of customers increase, it may be prudent to locate the Mapping database 705 on its own server interconnected to the ITS network via a high speed backbone router capable of acting upon addressing requests. The Mapping database 705 may also reside on a private network thus protected via highly secure firewalls. The Mapping database 705 server may contain a master copy of the all the mapping information and would serve a large number of ITSs in a country or even a continent. Such a configuration would require a fault-tolerant database server, database synchronization schemes (to ensure that all mapping databases contain the same data) and a comprehensive backup system for data. The Mapping database 705 server may also allow update to customer records according to an update strategy that would be based on the service provider's needs and plans.
In accordance with the present invention, U.S. National Toll-Free number services may be expanded to become an international Toll-Free service. This is done by using Mapping database 705 to provide mapping of the dialed international Toll-Free number to the destination ITS IP address and destination number. This destination ITS is the ITS serving the area at the call destination location. The ITS routing database 705 provides a mapping from the dialed number to two distinct number fields. The first field is the termination area number labeled by country code, city code (if applicable—npa for the U.S.) and termination phone number nxx-xxxx. The second field is the IP address of the ITS that serves the destination called number. Depending on the particular design, database 705 may have to be accessed once or twice to obtain the two fields of data. The first database access may be to obtain the termination number and the second database access used to obtain the IP address based on the country code and caller Id. As previously noted, our unique assignment scheme for the Toll-Free 800/888 number service could also be used for other types of special service number calls such as 900 number or 700 number services.
Provisioning and Engineering Capabilities
The enhanced ITS provides the ability for administration of database mapping information to suit the requirements of particular Special services number customers. For example, this would include the ability to map special service numbers to the destination number serving the area of least cost to the originating location, thus providing better service quality. This function includes the capability to map a special service number to multiple destination numbers.
Numbering Plan Arrangement
It would be ideal if the special services numbers (800/888-like, 700-like, and 900-like service numbers) offered universally would fit under a uniform umbrella regardless which country the caller is located.
It is a fact that at present no uniform telephone numbering scheme exists though there are some agreed on universal structure. Each country is designated by a "country code". For the sake of this application and this invention, the country code will not be needed. All advertised special services numbers will not require a country code when dialed. All countries recognize calling regions (sometimes referred to as "city code" or "area code"). In the U.S., the 800/888 designation almost amounts to a fictitious area code. The same notion will apply and will be used for other countries. Some countries use 7 digits for their local number arrangement (such as the U.S. and most of western Europe). Some countries use 6 digits while a few use even 5 digits. What is most important for this invention is the introduction of a universal numbering scheme that can start with all numbers having an agreed on international 800/888-like unique label (say 989 for example), then followed by 7 digits for countries with seven digit numbering plan, or a truncated 6 digits (drop the right-most digit out of the seven) for 6-digit countries or a truncated 5-digits (drop the right-most two digits out of the original number). Most countries are moving to the 7-digit plan and a scheme like this will ensure a simpler transition moving forward.
A caller from a West European country would dial 800-324-1234 (for example) the same as the caller in the U.S. would do. The local European class 5 switch would interpret the dialed set of numbers as 800 (the special city or area code), and the remaining digits as the dialed number). The switch would designate the 800 number as associated with a city/area code whose designated trunk number is identified in its database as associated with calls being sent to that city/area code. A caller from a 6-digit number country would dial 800-324-123, ad from a 5-digit number country would dial 800-324-12. For the 6-digit and 5-digit local number countries, the switch would drop the last dialed one or two digits (respectively) if they were indeed dialed and would ignore them so even if caller dialed the entire sequence 800-324-1234, the local switched would recognize the 800, and the 6 or 5 digits as appropriate.
Many countries in Europe are moving to provide carrier selection as in the U.S. so the exact treatment in the U would in fact follow when the carrier selection is applied.
In all of these cases, the 800 number (or its like) designates to the local switch to send the call over designated trunks to local area designated by 800 which according to this invention ends up with an originating local ITS. The caller never knows that the call is indeed an international call being sent over the Internet and the dialed number would be as universal as possible despite the lack of universal harmony in numbering plans.
International Internet Based Toll-Free Services
While the following description may be used for establishing any of a variety of special service number call connections over the Internet, including 800/888 Toll-Free, 900 and 700 type calls, for discussion purposes we assume that the dialed number is a 800/888 toll-free type call. The call destination may be a U.S. based company in the U.S. or some other multinational company in a country different from the location of the calling party.
The concept behind the International Toll-Free service is to provide the means to reverse bill for international calls. Such calls may normally be quite expensive since they use existing long distance carrier networks. However, utilizing the modified ITS of FIG. 7 and our novel Internet calling procedure, the cost to provide International Toll-Free service drops substantially by utilizing the Internet as the long distance network.
The International Toll-Free number would be advertised in desired countries to provide customers Toll-Free access service to an American business or a business in a different country. Ideally, the Toll-Free 800/888 like number would have a similar structure to that used for the U.S. for National 800/888 service. Such an 800 plus 7 digit number is possible since most, if not all, international countries can handle 13 digits including a 3 digit country code, 3 digit city code and up to 7 digit local number. This means that the Toll-Free number dialed in the U.S. can then also be dialed internationally.
Although it is recommended that the same 800 plus 7 digit number be used internationally for the same service, this condition is not necessary since the Mapping database (705 of FIG. 7) can change the foreign Toll-Free number to the 800 format used in the U.S. Obviously, the use of the same 800 number worldwide would have great marketing advantages.
With joint reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 we describe the placing of an International Toll-Free call from a U.S. calling location (a California party) to an international called location (a German party).
In step 501, a caller at location 401 dials a Toll-Free number, e.g., 1-800-Go Flowers. In step 502, the local switch 402, of PSTN 400, receives the call. In step 503 a carrier mapping database is accessed at local switch 402 to identify the carrier associated with that Toll-Free number. In step 504 the carrier is identified as 288. The carrier Id is a unique flag that designates that this call is for an Internet based call and designates that the call be sent to the ITS 404. If an ITS does not exist for that call destination, an algorithm could be used to select the closest ITS so as to minimize calling costs to the Toll-Free service provider.
In step 505, the local switch 402 determines the route path, e.g., local office trunk 403, that provides access to the ITS 404 specified by the carrier Id. In step 506, the local switch 402 sends the Toll-Free number call over the specified trunk 403. It should be noted that steps 501 through 506 are essentially the same as the prior art domestic Toll-Free calling sequence described in FIG. 2, except that an ITS 404 and not a Toll switch is identified by the trunk number.
In step 507, the call reaches ITS 404. In step 508, the Toll-Free number is mapped, using Mapping database 509 (406 of FIG. 4), to a destination phone number as well as the IP address of ITS 407 serving the destination phone number. While the Mapping database 405 is shown as separate from ITS 404 in FIG. 4, it may be included as part of the ITS 404 as shown in FIG. 7. In a preferred embodiment, the Mapping database 705 is a separate server accessible to the various ITSs in the same manner as the 2NCP is available to existing National Toll-Free services.
Data entry 510 provides for the provisioning of data into Routing database 509.
In step 511, the call is routed along with the destination phone number over the Internet 405 to the IP address of the ITS 407 that serves the destination phone number 410. In step 512, the destination serving ITS 407 receives the request and outpulses the call using the destination number 410 received in the request. As previously discussed, international destination number format typically includes a city code plus 5-7 digits, although sometimes no city code is required. In step 513 the call is outputted to the local switch 409 and to the destination location 410 and the connection between the caller and called party is established. In step 514, the destination ITS stores billing information, including origination, termination and call duration, to be used by associated billing systems.
With joint reference to FIGS. 4 and 6 we describe the placing of an International Toll-Free call from an international calling location 411 (a United Kingdom party) to a U.S. called location 418 (a New York party). The manner in which international Toll-Free service access is determined will be dependent on the particular country and the numbering plan they use locally. Thus, a format such as 800-xxx-xxxx may not be acceptable in some countries. In addition, regulatory constraints may limit or deny the establishment of universal Toll-Free number as we presently use in the U.S. Consequently, a different Toll-Free number may have to be establish for each country. The mapping database would relate all of the different Toll-Free numbers to the same basic Toll-Free service. In the following Toll-Free service example, we assume that the same International Toll-Free number is used in each country.
In step 601, a caller at location 411 dials a Toll-Free number, e.g., 1-800-Go Flowers. For a caller in London, a local phone number would be offered for international Toll-Free access to "GO Flowers". When dialed locally within London, the caller would dial a local London-like number. A caller from outside London would thus only incur local long distance charges rather than international charges.
In step 602, the local United Kingdom switch 412, receives the call. In step 603 a mapping database is accessed by local switch 412 to identify that the number is a Toll-Free number. In step 604, a local office trunk 413 that provides access to the ITS 414 is specified by the Toll-Free number. In step 605, the local switch 412 sends the Toll-Free number call over the specified trunk 413
In step 606, the call reaches the ITS 414. In step 607, the Toll-Free number is mapped, using Routing database 608 (e.g., 415 of FIG. 4), to a destination phone number as well as the IP address of the ITS 416 in the New York area serving the destination phone number 418. Thus ITS 416 accesses its adjunct database and determines the terminating telephone number, country code, npa or city code and IP address of the ITS serving the npa-nxx or city where the destination called number is located. Data entry unit 609 provides for the provisioning of data into Routing database 608.
In step 610, the call is routed along with the destination phone number over the Internet 405 to the IP address of the destination ITS 416 that serves the destination phone number 418. This connection is similar to connections that which a PC makes when connecting to server on the Web or to any other PC over the Internet. The ITSs 414 and 416 perform the necessary connection procedures to ensure that a voice channel exists. In step 611, the destination serving ITS 416 receives the request and outpulses the call using the destination number received in the request. In step 513, the destination ITS 416 stores billing information, including origination, termination and call duration, to be used by associated billing systems.
Security to prevent sensitive information from being listened to or filtered is accomplished via the use of a firewall that is capable of filtering multimedia information, specifically voice packets. The use of encryption could be offered for both voice and data collaboration as needed and as long as there is minimal impact on delivery. The specific filtering and encryption mechanisms implemented are dependent on the customer application. Although the ITSs are not necessarily dedicated to any customer, varying levels of security can be offered to customers at different cost levels.
With continued reference to FIG. 4 there is shown a local switch 420 and ITS 421 for Japan. Also shown is a local switch 430 for Kansas that shares ITS 416 with New York. Thus, overall FIG. 4 shows an illustrative network where U.S. Corporations located only in three large cities such as New York, Kansas City, and Los Angeles are served. These corporations may advertise their Toll-Free number access internationally, though, they limit calls to callers from London, Frankfurt and Tokyo (for example).
Separate Internet Telephony Servers, 414, 407, and 421, respectively, are installed within each of the three international locations that are connected to the local offices within these three cities, 412, 409, and 420 respectively. These servers would be connected to the local offices via a dedicated T1 or a similar link. In an actual installation, the number of ITS's and T1 lines to be deployed is dependent on call volume to/from the cities. The same for the national cities, New York, Kansas City, and Los Angeles.
What has been described is merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the present invention. Other arrangements and methods can be implemented by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
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|Enom, Inc.
|Method and system for providing static addresses for Internet connected devices even if the underlying address is dynamic
|Nov 17, 1998
|Apr 29, 2008
|Ericsson Inc.
|Methods and system for routing emergency calls through the internet
|May 25, 2000
|Aug 12, 2008
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|System and method for routing calls across call managers using a route plan
|Nov 22, 2000
|May 26, 2009
|Michael Holloway
|Centralized feature platform in a packetized network
|Sep 8, 2005
|Jun 2, 2009
|Southland Telecom Llc
|Method and dial plan for packet based voice communications functionality
|Jan 23, 2006
|Jul 14, 2009
|Net2Phone, Inc.
|Secondary subscriber line override system and method
|Jul 27, 2004
|Sep 1, 2009
|Hitachi Communication Technologies, Ltd.
|Media gateway and automatic telephone call redirecting service system
|Nov 14, 2006
|Dec 22, 2009
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|System and method for providing shared line appearances in a distributed call routing network
|May 25, 2000
|Jun 8, 2010
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|System and method for device registration replication in a communication network
|Jun 24, 2005
|Jun 15, 2010
|Galich Michael G
|Method of providing intra-company two way voice communications over a data network
|Aug 24, 2010
|Demand Media, Inc.
|Method and system for mapping a domain name with no associated address to an address
|Oct 30, 2007
|Oct 5, 2010
|Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc.
|Network telephony interface systems between data network telephony and plain old telephone service
|Mar 22, 2011
|Unipoint Holdings, Inc.
|Centralized feature platform in a packetized network
|May 26, 2005
|Apr 19, 2011
|Sprint Communications Company L.P.
|Method of providing digital data service to users of video telephony calls
|Jul 5, 2011
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|System and method for routing calls
|Dec 3, 2007
|Jun 5, 2012
|At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P.
|Methods and apparatus to enable call completion in internet protocol communication networks
|Jun 12, 2012
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|System and method for routing calls across call managers using a route plan
|Oct 2, 2006
|Jul 17, 2012
|At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P.
|Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing caller identification services
|May 14, 2013
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|System and method for device registration replication in a communication network
|Jul 26, 2005
|Oct 29, 2013
|At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P.
|Method and apparatus for assigning a virtual number during porting of a primary number
|Oct 2, 2006
|Aug 12, 2014
|At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P.
|Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing alerts and notifications
|Jul 9, 2012
|Sep 30, 2014
|At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P.
|Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing caller identification services
|May 24, 2012
|Nov 4, 2014
|At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P.
|Methods and apparatus to enable call completion in internet protocol communication networks
|Mar 7, 2006
|Mar 3, 2015
|Alcatel Lucent
|Method for routing transactions between internal and external partners in a communication center
|May 13, 2008
|Apr 7, 2015
|Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for extended management of state and interaction of a remote knowledge worker from a contact center
|Dec 22, 2008
|Apr 14, 2015
|Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc.
|System and methods for improving interaction routing performance
|Jan 19, 2015
|May 24, 2016
|Alcatel Lucent
|Method for routing transactions between internal and external partners in a communication center
|Jul 5, 2001
|Jan 9, 2003
|Paul Stahura
|Method and system for providing static addresses for Internet connected devices even if the underlying address is dynamic
|Nov 1, 2001
|May 1, 2003
|Joseph Morris
|Secondary subscriber line override system and method
|Jul 18, 2003
|Feb 5, 2004
|Faramarz Vaziri
|Internet switch box, system and method for internet telephony
|Jul 27, 2004
|Jun 30, 2005
|Hitachi Communication Technologies, Ltd.
|Media gateway and automatic telephone call redirecting service system
|Feb 28, 2005
|Jul 7, 2005
|Cisco Technology, Inc. A California Corporation
|System and method for routing calls
|May 26, 2005
|Oct 6, 2005
|Parker Benjamin J
|Method of providing digital data service to users of video telephony calls
|Sep 8, 2005
|Jan 5, 2006
|Insors Integrated Communications, Inc.
|Method and dial plan for packet based voice communications functionality
|Jan 23, 2006
|Jun 29, 2006
|Net2Phone, Inc.
|Secondary subscriber line override system and method
|Apr 18, 2006
|Aug 24, 2006
|Paul Stahura
|Method and system for providing static addresses for Internet connected devices even if the underlying address is dynamic
|Aug 3, 2006
|Mar 15, 2007
|Pointone, Inc.
|Centralized Feature Platform In A Packetized Network
|Oct 25, 2005
|Apr 26, 2007
|General Motors Corporation
|Method and system for routing toll-free calls to wireless devices
|Nov 14, 2006
|Jun 7, 2007
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|System and Method for Providing Shared Line Appearances in a Distributed Call Routing Network
|Oct 2, 2006
|Sep 6, 2007
|Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation
|Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing caller identification services
|Oct 2, 2006
|Sep 6, 2007
|Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation
|Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing alerts and notifications
|Oct 2, 2006
|Sep 6, 2007
|Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation
|Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing communications services
|Oct 30, 2007
|Mar 13, 2008
|Dan Kikinis
|Network Telephony Interface Systems Between Data Network Telephony and Plain Old Telephone Service
|Aug 5, 2008
|Nov 27, 2008
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|System and Method for Routing Calls Across Call Managers Using a Route Plan
|Dec 3, 2007
|Jun 25, 2009
|Bernard Ku
|Methods and apparatus to enable call completion in internet protocol communication networks
|Jul 10, 2008
|Aug 5, 2010
|Nec Corporation
|Communication control system, communication control method and communication controller
|Sep 11, 2008
|Jan 21, 2014
|Sony Corporation
|Internet switch box, system and method for internet telephony
|Apr 19, 2013
|Jun 23, 2015
|Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for providing enhanced communication capability for mobile devices on a virtual private network
|Mar 7, 2013
|Jul 7, 2015
|Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc.
|Call and data correspondence in a call-in center employing virtual restructuring for computer telephony integrated functionality
|Dec 9, 2014
|Jul 5, 2016
|Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, Inc.
|In-band signaling for routing
|U.S. Classification
|370/352, 379/88.17
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jan 2, 1998
Owner name: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC., NEW JERSEY
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HAKIM, SHAFIK JALAL;ZALECKAS, JEAN FRANCES;REEL/FRAME:009051/0163
Effective date: 19980102
|Feb 2, 2007
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Feb 24, 2011
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Mar 7, 2013
Owner name: CREDIT SUISSE AG, NEW YORK
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ALCATEL-LUCENT USA INC.;REEL/FRAME:030510/0627
Effective date: 20130130
|Oct 9, 2014
Owner name: ALCATEL-LUCENT USA INC., NEW JERSEY
Free format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:CREDIT SUISSE AG;REEL/FRAME:033950/0001
Effective date: 20140819
|Feb 26, 2015
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Lobbyist Profile: Summary, 2016
|Lobbying Firm
|Hogan Lovells
|Armstrong World Industries
Intrepid Potash
Nuveen Investments
Occidental Petroleum
TPG Capital
Search database by:
Find Your Representatives
NOTE: All lobbying expenditures on this page come from the Senate Office of Public Records. Data for the most recent year was downloaded on August 09, 2016.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Esta tradução não está completa. Por favor ajude a traduzir este artigo a partir do Inglês.
Complementos permitem que os respsonsáveis pelo desenvolvimento estedam e modifiquem a funcionalidade do Firefox. Estes são escritos utilizando as tecnologias da Web padrão - JavaScript, HTML e CSS - mais algumas API de JavaScript dedicadas. Entre outras coisas, umj complemento poderia:
- Change the appearance or content of particular websites
- Modify the Firefox user interface
- Add new features to Firefox
Criar complementos
There are currently several toolsets for developing Firefox add-ons, but WebExtensions will become the standard by the end of 2017. The rest are expected to be deprecated over the same period of time.
Here you will find information about available options for developing add-ons, so you can make a decision on what's best for you right now and in the future.
Criar um Novo Complemento
If you are writing a new add-on, we recommend you choose one of the following two methods. Until the transition to WebExtensions is complete, there will be pros and cons to each method. Please read through the options to decide which works best for you.
Extensões da Web
WebExtensions are the future of Firefox add-ons. If you can use the WebExtensions API, it's the best choice. You can develop and publish WebExtensions right now, but they're still in an early state.
Most of the WebExtension APIs are also available on Firefox for Android.
We're preparing a first full release for Firefox 48.
SDK de Complemento
The Add-on SDK provides APIs for developing Firefox add-ons, and a tool for developing, testing, and packaging them.
You can run Add-on SDK extensions on Firefox for Android, too.
We encourage you to use only high-level APIs because this will make it easier to migrate to WebExtensions down the road.
Migrar um Complemento Existente
There are changes coming to Firefox in the next year that will make browsing more reliable for users, and creating add-ons easier for developers. Your add-on may require updating to maintain its compatibility, but once this is done and the transition is complete, your add-on will be more interoperable, secure, and future-proof than ever.
We've created resources, migration paths, office hours, and more, to ensure you have the support you need to get through the transition.
To get started, use the add-on compatibility checker to see if your add-on will be affected.
Publicação de complementos
Addons.mozilla.org, commonly known as "AMO," is Mozilla's official site for developers to list add-ons, and for users to discover them. By uploading your add-on to AMO, you can participate in our community of users and creators, and find an audience for your add-on.
You are not required to list your add-on on AMO, but starting with Firefox 40, your code must be signed by Mozilla or users won't be able to install it.
For an overview of the process of publishing your add-on, see Signing and distributing your add-on.
Outros tipos de complementos
Generally, when people speak of add-ons they're referring to extensions, but there are a few other add-on types that allow users to customize Firefox. Those add-ons include:
- Lightweight themes are a simple way to provide limited customization for Firefox.
- Mobile add-ons are add-ons for Firefox for Android. Note, though, that we intend to deprecate some of the technology underlying these APIs. In the future, WebExtensions will be fully supported on Firefox for Android.
- Search engine plugins add new search engines to the browser's search bar.
- Dicionários do utilizador são complementos que o deixam verificar a ortografia em diferentes idiomas.
- Pacotes de idioma são complementos que o deixam ter mais idiomas disponíveis para a interface do utilizador do Firefox.
Pode utilizar as hiperligações abaixo para obetr ajuda, manter-se atualizado com as notícias relacionadas com os complementos, e dar-nos a sua opinião/comentário.
Fórum de complementos
Utilize o fórum de conversação sobre os complementos para discutir todos aspetos do desenvolvimento de complementos e obter ajuda.
Lista de Discusão
Use the dev-addons list to discuss development of the add-ons ecosystem, including the development of the WebExtensions system and of AMO:
If you're a fan of IRC, you can get in touch at:
- #addons (discussion of the add-ons ecosystem)
- #extdev (general discussion of add-on development)
- #webextensions (discussion of WebExtensions in particular)


text:
I really like RTS RPG MMO and MMORPG games. Im new to the modding game and hope to have a mod out for oblivion soon.
No addons were found matching the criteria specified. We suggest you try the addon list with no filter applied, to browse all available. Add addon and help us achieve our mission of showcasing the best content from all developers. Join now to share your own content, we welcome creators and consumers alike and look forward to your comments.


text:
Visit my portfolio on Infinity Art Gallery.
To own some of this hand-made art email us here.
Honored to have made Portfolio 2016 at Front Range Contemporary Quilters. Best of 2015.
Northern Colorado Weavers Guild Celebration of Color, Fort COllins, Colorado. 2016 exhibit.
Experimenting with digital printing of my designs. an interesting journey...more to follow


text:
Added by Metacafe Affiliate U Subscribe 1 000
Published 4 Jul 2011
4 576
Even the recluse spinster Ms Havisham is down with MiO! She listened to her Sassy Gay Friend and so should ...
Even the recluse spinster Ms Havisham is down with MiO! She listened to her Sassy Gay Friend and so should you. MiO is a revolutionary liquid water enhancer that offers a new beverage experience -- allowing you to make your drink your way -- wherever, whenever you want! Check out MiO on Facebook at http://www.Facebook.com/MiO The recluse spinster, Ms. Havisham, would have a much different lifestyle if she had a Sassy Gay Friend. From Charles Dickens' novel "Great Expectations" Like us on Facebook! http://www.facebook.com/TheSecondCityNetwork Follow us on Twitter! http://twitter.com/secondcitynetwk http://www.thesecondcitynetwork.com/sassygayfriend/ Starring The Second City Alum, Brian Gallivan & Bernadette Birkett The Second City New Media Director: Joshua Funk -------- Producer: Mark Kienlen --------- Crew: Mike Damanskis ©2010 The Second City Inc./Brian Gallivan The Second City Network is quickly becoming one of the hottest channels on YouTube. Our work has been featured on Tosh.0 on Comedy Central, G4's Attack of the Show, Inside Edition, NPR, MSNBC, CNN and more! Many of today's biggest names got their start at The Second City main stages -including Tina Fey of 30 Rock, Stephen Colbert of the Colbert Report, and Steve Carell of The Office. Do you want to be a better comedy writer, actor, and improviser? Then sign up to take a class at one of our training centers! Chicago: http://www.secondcity.com/Training/Chicago Hollywood: http://www.secondcity.com/Training/Hollywood Toronto: http://www.secondcity.com/Training/toronto Study comedy for college credit at Second City: http://www.comedystudies.com/ Watch videos created by our current students: http://www.youtube.com/7dayshorts


text:
Putting aside whether or not it is manipulation or not, I would just cover the short and take the tax write off.
It is like the frustrated gambler. Yes, the odds are all on the house, so don't fight the house. Most manipulations go the other way, but this one will continue to get pumped higher.
So move on to the next one where it all evens out. Don't flip though, like the roulette player who keeps losing on black, don't suddenly start betting red because then you'll lose on both sides. Better to just stop for a bit, get out, regroup, and move on to the next target.
Everybody knows you can't fight the markets, just like you can't fight the FED, and it is foolish to try. Those of us that get burned by sudden and unexpected FED actions would do better to just stop for a bit until we get our bearings again.
Nobody, not me, not you, not anybody here, is right 100% of the time. That means we all have losses that we can use to offset some of our gains. Just don't let a bad situation become catastrophic. Get out while you still can.
Because he isn't smart enough to learn from his mistakes. Easier to blame the government for his stupidity.
Censored, why not just cover and be done with it? Sure e market is corrupt, you just bet the wrong way on the corruption, and are angry because the corruption usually works in your favor. So just cover, take your losses, and move on with your life. It is just plain stupid to continue to lose more money in a game that you keep complaining is corrupt, YET YOU STAY IN.
If you think it really is corrupt, THEN GET OUT.
If it isn't corrupt, then quit whining.
But DO SOMETHING.


text:
Things move quickly in the domain of antibiotics, and the book of today is easily obsolete tomorrow. One welcomes, therefore, a new edition of so important a treatise as Dr. Waksman's. In this revision the number of pages has grown to 415 from 350 in the old edition; the number of references is now 1,053 instead of 1,016. Nowhere is progress more evident than in the chapter on the "chemical nature of antibiotic substances," in which appear many precise formulas not yet worked out at the time of the first edition. The Commonwealth Fund has done a real service to medicine in producing a scholarly and authoritative compendium of knowledge in such an important field.
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text:
IT IS NO SECRET that the Columbus Blue Jackets gave up on Steve Mason.
Last spring, Mason was due a $3.2 million qualifying offer as a restricted free agent. Sergei Bobrovsky, now out of the lineup with a groin strain, was wrapping up a Vezina Trophy season in goal. It was clear Mason didn't fit into the Blue Jackets' future.
Three weeks before the NHL's trade deadline last April, new Jackets general manager Jarmo Kekalainen gave Mason's agent, Anton Thun, permission to line up a trade. Thun sent feelers around the league and the Flyers were one of only two or three teams to express interest.


text:
As we reported earlier, Asus is all set to launch the PadFone 2 in
simultaneous events at Milan and Taipei on October 16.
Not much was known regarding the specifications of the device.
courtesy mobile01, a leaked image, of what looks like the rear of the
device package box reveals detailed specs of the PadFone 2. The image
here shows LTE+HSPA support, a 1.5GHz Qualcomm Snapdragon S4 Pro
quad-core processor, 2GB RAM and 4.7-inch Super IPS+ HD display
(1280x720 pixels). Other features include a 13MP autofocus rear camera
with LED flash and Zero shutter lag. It is expected to feature 1080p HD
video recording. There's a 1.2MP front camera as well.
connectivity options listed are Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n,Bluetooth4.0.,
Micro-USB with MHL alongside GPS and AGPS support. It will come with a
2140mAh battery. The device weighs 135g and sports 9mm thickness.
specs of the PadFone 2 closely resemble those of the LG Optimus G.
Though the device will feature the Android OS, it isn't clear which
version. Though we feel Jelly Bean should be the preferred version.
earlier leaked benchmark revealed that the PadFone 2 will pack in a
quad-core 1512MHz processor and 2GB RAM, which is an upgrade over its
predecessor equipped with a dual-core 1.5GHz CPU and 1GB RAM.
Asus PadFone 2 is a successor to the 3-in-1 unique hybrid
multi-functional device
that recently came to India. It offers the combined experience of a
smartphone, tablet and netbook at a price of Rs.64,999.
Intex Aqua Fish 4G
In Mobiles
Panasonic P55 Novo
Samsung Tizen Z3
Xolo Era 4G
Living in the Time of the Notification Overload
Apple's iPhone Event vs. Sony's Big PS4 Reveal: A Tale of Two Tech Events
The PS4 Pro Won't Solve the PS4's Biggest Problem


text:
Sept. 1 is just under four months away, and though that's a long time for college football fans, it's nowhere nearly enough time for the Michigan Wolverines to prepare for the Alabama Crimson Tide.
That is why Michigan is getting started right now, according to AL.com. Though players cannot officially begin practice yet other than brushing up their skills on their own, the coaches are already burning the midnight oil.
Unfortunately for Michigan, the Tide have just as much time to prepare. One of Nick Saban's greatest strengths is preparing for games.
Michigan will give it its all in preparations as well as on the field, as Alabama will be its toughest opponent in 2012, the Big Ten title game included (should Michigan get that far).
However, Michigan is not the toughest opponent on the Tide's 2012 schedule, and the Tide are more than capable of defeating anyone on their schedule, so here are 10 reasons why Alabama will start its 2012 season with a win.


text:
Adam Plowden Videography
APVideo produces bespoke videos and rich media for local and global business, products and events, telling your story through engaging media.
IABM Award Winner 2014
Manfrotto Ambassador
Filmmaking Masterclass 2015 Behind The Scenes Producer
Writer for NewsShooter, Manfrotto and CVP Group.
Unique and bespoke film and media production!
Video and immersive media is your no.1 communication tool. Tell your story with Adam Plowden Video!
We're a FINALIST in the Surrey Digital Awards!


text:
SOUTH KOREA: GM confirms two models for domestic plants
By Chris Wright | 31 July 2013
General Motors has dispelled concerns that it will shift Chevrolet production out of South Korea although it has delayed the launch of the revamped Aveo small car, according to labour unions.
GM has also advised the union it will produce the Aveo and the Spark mini car, due for launch in the first half of 2015, in Korea. Union officials told Reuters GM Korea's management briefed negotiators on its plans during annual wage talks that ended last week.
A GM Korea spokesman declined to comment, saying the company did not disclose future product plans.
South Korea manufactures and exports the Spark and Aveo (Sonic) cars to the US, Europe and other countries, and makes knock-down kits for assembly in Uzbekistan.
The Spark, introduced in 2009, is manufactured at GM Korea's plant in the southeastern city of Changwon, and the Aveo, which was rolled out in 2011, is made at its headquarters in Bupyeong, outside of Seoul.
GM Korea said it sold 215,177 Sparks at home and abroad last year and the exports accounted for nearly 70% of sales.
GM Korea, which was created after the automaker bought Daewoo Motor in 2002, has been GM's major Asian manufacturing base and engineering-design hub for its mini and small cars. But concerns are growing that the American company may reduce its presence in the country after it said it would not produce the next-generation Cruze compact there. The current Cruze is also built in the US and Australia.
Reuters added GM has postponed the launch of the next-generation Cruze by a year due to engineering changes and a desire to squeeze more sales from the small car before it is redesigned.
Citing company souces, the news agency added that the next version of the Cruze, which had originally been scheduled to debut late in 2014, will now begin production in December 2015.
Company analysis


text:
|Ilana Hoffer Skoff, MA
Executive Director
(216) 464-7600 x 102
Ilana Hoffer Skoff, Executive Director and Co-founder of Milestones, knows that where there's a will, there's a way. Determined to bring autism training, resources, and services to Northeast Ohio, she started Milestones in 2003. Wanting each and every child to reach his or her milestones, Ilana has coached and inspired families over the last ten years providing practical strategies and innovative programming. Prior to founding Milestones, Ilana consulted with non-profits in the areas of development, strategic planning, and grant writing.
|Mia Buchwald Gelles
Operations Director
(216) 464-7600 x 101
Mia Buchwald Gelles, Director of Operations and Co-founder of Milestones, makes sure everything runs smoothly at Milestones. Mia's expertise in non-profit management and project planning are a big reason why a small staff can serve more than 1,500 individuals a year. And for those of you who frequent Milestones website, you can thank Mia for her hard work and savvy technical skills. For more than 20 years, Mia provided lead program management and data solutions for non-profits and governmental agencies.
|Lauren Daughtrey
Development Director
(216) 464-7600 x 110
As Milestones Development Director, Lauren heads up fundraising efforts including special projects, annual fund, sponsorships, and individual donations. Always quick with a "thank you," Lauren acknowledges all supporters and their important contributions to the local autism community.
|Allison Goldberg Peterson
Communications Manager
(216) 464-7600 x 111
As Communications Manager, Allison Goldberg Peterson oversees the marketing, advertising, public relations, and social media functions for Milestones. She has a wealth of experience from Cleveland Hillel Foundation, Doner Advertising, and Keller Williams Realty. Allison uses her skill set to help Milestones connect with more families and individuals affected by autism and continue to increase awareness in the community.
|Leslie Rotsky
Conference Director
(216) 464-7600 x 103
Conference Director Leslie Rotsky has 25 years of experience as a teacher, curriculum developer, and event planner. Leslie pours her passion for autism into providing education for parents and professionals in effective behavioral interventions and best practices. She ensures Milestones Annual Conference is chock-full of evidence-based information and field-tested ideas. Raising two young children, one of whom has autism, is her biggest accomplishment to date.
|Beth Thompson, MSSA, LSW
Program Director
(216) 464-7600 x 108
On the forefront of transition and adult services, Beth Thompson is Milestones Program Director. Beth has a Master's degree coupled with extensive hands-on experience working with high school students with autism. Whether students are college or career bound, Beth is instrumental in helping teens successfully transition to adulthood.
|Monica Chukayne
Coaching/Referral Specialist
(216) 464-7600 x 112
Monica Chukayne provides assistance as a coaching and referral support specialist. Her love of helping individuals to reach their full potential, teamed with her strong background in Early Childhood and Special Education has led to her long-standing career within the special needs community. She is passionate and dedicated to her work in the field of autism and is happy to become a member of the Milestones' team.
|Helena Farkas, LISW-S
Social Worker
(216) 464-7600
Helena came to Milestones after a lengthy career at Metro Health Medical Center as a social worker. At Metro, Helena worked extensively with the special needs population helping families navigate the medical and community systems. At Milestones, Helena has been coaching families, individuals and professionals to access the multiple resources that promote education, health and independence.
|Nicole Herrera
Office Coordinator
(216) 464-7600 x 106
Nicole supports the Milestones development team and provides administrative support. Her previous areas of study and experience include Modern Languages, Education, and technical writing. She has also been an aide in a program for children with communication disorders for several years.
|Laura Montag
Development Associate
(216) 464-7600 x 113
As the Development Associate, Laura provides support to the Development Director. Laura has a degree from Ohio University and has a background in sponsorship and special events. She is thrilled to be able to use her skills and knowledge to help gain supporters of the local autism community.
Jill Lipman
Website/Community Event Consultant
(216) 464-7600


text:
When a young child has nowhere to go, and nowhere to hide, the colors are not bright. A girl name Little Sue was not accepted in anyone life, excepted for her own life. There were family members that took her in and raise her from a young girl to a young adult. They raise her as their child, and love her unconditionally. As time went on, the only parent that was there for her has left and passed on. Little Sue whole life is going to turn around not for better, but for whatever it may come.
She arrive in another state by a different relative who always adore her, at that time she couldn't take care of Sue she had children's of her own. So she had taken Little Girl Sue over to her sister house. Her sister also had children's of her own, and was married with a husband, who didn't want Little Sue to live there with his family. But she and her husband were stable at the time with no worries. Little Sue was always upset and didn't know what to say or do. She always had to clean the house and watch over her cousins, whiles her Aunt and Uncle where at work, and also had to do her schoolwork every night. She felt like nobody cares for her except for her parents she live within her past.
Time went on she always was unhappy, never received any clothes, only the clothes that she had was from family member (Hand me down). She would go to school when it was snowing with White Canvas Sneaker on, her feet was so wet till they were frozen. And it seen as though no one care about Little Girl Sue, she was literally out in the cold for real.
From a far her aunt came over to the house, were she was currently living. Now this aunt was from her father side of the family. Her aunt notice that Little Sue look like no one was taking care of her. So her aunt suggested that she come and stay with her, and help her out in the house. So her other aunt who she was originally living with agree with the arrangements. Little Girl Sue was happy as a lamb.
Little Girl Sue is now living with her aunt and she love it; she has new clothes and new shoes, and go to school with new friends. And all her aunt wanted her do is to help her out in the house. It was a situation when one hand washes another, and that I may say is a good marriage in deed. Little Girl Sue was now instill with morals and good beliefs.
Let me just say when you grow up in a certain way, we tend to think that we will become what are environment may be. But that not true, some of us can recognize the negative from the positive. Once you come to realization of where you going in the right way and have the now how everything will come together. Just because you live a difficult life for a short amount of time, don't think your life can't change into, "Some Kind of Wonderful."
© Copyright 2016 soakie peace. All rights reserved.
Status: Finished
Genre: Non-Fiction
I really liked the message of this story. There was a light at the end of the tunnel for little Sue.
Essay / Religion and Spirituality
Essay / Religion and Spirituality
Essay / Religion and Spirituality
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KERMIT - Mary Ellen Green, 79, died Wednesday, April 23, 2003.
Services will be at 2 p.m. Saturday in First United Methodist Church with the Rev. Davis Weyant and the Rev. Beth Harrington officiating. Burial will be in Kermit Cemetery by Family Services Funeral Parlor.
Mrs. Green was the secretary for First United Methodist Church. She was born in Creston, Iowa.
Survivors include two daughters, Karen Harris of Midland and Kathleen Green of Amarillo; and a son, Michael Green of Amarillo.
The family suggests memorials be to Alzheimer's Association, STAR Chapter, 4400 N. Big Spring St., Suite C32, Midland, TX 79705; or First United Methodist Church.
Amarillo Globe-News, April 25, 2003
© 2016. All Rights Reserved. | Contact Us


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Time flies. We are at our half year point now and so much has already happened this year to help shape the mood of Japan. We saw the devastating Tohoku earthquake on March 11 coupled with the tsunami and nuclear fears which still loom, the launch of the iPad 2 in May, the Sony data breach, the overall decline of mass media spending contrasted with the uptake in digital spend, and the soon to come resignation of yet another prime minister.
All these events obviously have a profound effect on the economy, business, and overall consumer sentiment. These impacts also bleed into the search industry and can affect online behaviours, client spend patterns, market entries, and more.
Below is a sort of six-month wrap up of what we are seeing in Japan across three key areas: search habits, client attitudes, and technology movements, all in relation to the search industry.
Search Habits
- We saw overall search volume increase, going from around 8.7 billion monthly searches in the last four months of 2010 to just north of that at 8.9 billion monthly searches the first four months of this year. During the earthquake month of March, we saw over 9.3 billion searches alone.
- The number of searches per searcher also increased, moving from 114/month during the last four months of 2010 to 115/month for the first four months of this year. It appears people are actively searching more this year than they did last year.
- From a search engine perspective, Google is clearly dominating this year with around 52 percent share of search compared to Yahoo, which currently hovers around 39 percent and slightly declining. MSN is holding onto a 3-4 percent share of the market, with the rest split among the purely local engines.
Client Attitudes
- As we left 2010, we had already started to see search spending pick up in double-digit form compared to the previous year, and this has continued, and in fact, increased all through the first six months of 2011, across all types of verticals.
- Within search, we've seeing stronger growth in organic search (SEO), as clients felt that more critical work was needed in this area. However, in paid search there has been a strong shift moving from campaign-based search to an always-on strategy.
- Within the paid, owned, earned model, we are seeing greater importance on the owned and earned parts with brands making a concerted effort to create unique 'owned' media living outside their brand sites, and to drive traffic via search.
- We've also seen a strong display of integration – finally bringing search to the table with the digital and offline guys. Brands are seeing the need to integrate, creating greater efficiencies and effectiveness compared to just a segregated approach.
Technology Movements
- Last December, Yahoo Japan began using Google's backend technology for its organic search listings. From then, SEO rankings were identical on both engines. However, two weeks ago Yahoo updated its algorithm to once again differentiate its listings.
- The past six months, we've started to see more aggressive plays in the bid management and optimisation space, with the rebranding of Decide DNA to ZapSearch, and more aggressive movements from both Marin and Kenshoo in Japan.
- So far it seems like it's going to be the year of the DSP (demand-side platform). We've started to see a major push among agencies, local publishers, and boutique technology firms to launch their own DSPs. Just in the past two months, four major agencies/media reps have rolled out their DSP and real-time bidding platforms. We're most likely going to see a lot more of this in months to come.
Overall, the market this year is looking good. Very good in fact. We see a continued focus on search as a formidable marketing channel, increased spending across the board, client sentiment becoming more positive, and technology firms continuing to enter the market full-steam ahead. All this in contrast to one of the country's most difficult and challenging times in decades.
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The setting for Wives and Daughters is provincial Hollingford, and its heroine, Molly Gibson, is daughter of the respected local doctor, Mr Gibson, a widower since Molly's infancy. The main impetus for the story is the doctor's decision to re-marry in order to provide his vulnerable daughter with a mother. His choice of wife, Mrs Kirkpatrick, a widow and former governess for Lord and Lady Cumnor, the local aristocracy, is happy to be released from the drudgery of keeping herself and her daughter by running a minor, unsuccessful school. But she is far from being a match for the doctor in intellectual and moral seriousness. While there are "no outrageous infractions of domestic peace", the strain between the couple shows e…
Please log in to consult the article in its entirety. If you are a member (student of staff) of a subscribing institution (see List), you should be able to access the LE on campus directly (without the need to log in), and off-campus either via the institutional log in we offer, or via your institution's remote access facilities, or by creating a personal user account with your institutional email address. If you are not a member of a subscribing institution, you will need to purchase a personal subscription. For more information on how to subscribe as an individual user, please see under Individual Subcriptions.
Billington, Josie. "Wives and Daughters". The Literary Encyclopedia. First published 09 February 2007
[http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=8841, accessed 01 October 2016.]


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I have met and married someone from Muddymatches…
"I am happy to say, that I have met and married someone from Muddymatches. Thank you very much for enabling me to do so. I have and still recommend your site to other like minded people. Regards" Mike
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PAMPA - Lura Mae Manning, 85, died Saturday, Dec. 29, 2007.
No services are scheduled. Arrangements are by Carmichael-Whatley Funeral Directors.
Miss Manning was born Oct. 21, 1922, in Mineral Wells and had been a resident of Pampa for the past 40 years. Survivors include two friends, Myrtle Carey and Betty Hopson, both of Pampa.
Amarillo Globe-News, Dec. 31, 2007
© 2016. All Rights Reserved. | Contact Us


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Mass layoffs in February 2011
March 24, 2011
In February 2011, employers took 1,421 mass layoff actions involving 130,818 workers, seasonally adjusted, as measured by new filings for unemployment insurance benefits during the month.
The number of mass layoff events in February decreased by 113 from the previous month, and the number of associated initial claims decreased by 18,981.
In February, 291 mass layoff events were reported in the manufacturing sector, seasonally adjusted, resulting in 26,060 initial claims. Both figures decreased over the month, with manufacturing initial claims reaching its lowest level in program history (data begin in April 1995).
These data are from the Mass Layoff Statistics program. To learn more, see "Mass Layoffs – February 2011" (HTML) (PDF), news release USDL-11-0394. Each mass layoff event involves at least 50 persons from a single employer.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, The Economics Daily, Mass layoffs in February 2011 on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2011/ted_20110324.htm (visited September 30, 2016).
Recent editions of Spotlight on Statistics
A look at healthcare spending, employment, pay, benefits, and prices
As one of the largest U.S. industries, healthcare is steadily growing to meet the needs of an increasing population with an increasing life expectancy. This Spotlight looks at how much people spend on healthcare, current and projected employment in the industry, employer-provided healthcare benefits, healthcare prices, and pay for workers in healthcare occupations.
Employment and Wages in Healthcare Occupations
Healthcare occupations are a significant percentage of U.S. employment. Some of the largest and highest paying occupations are in healthcare. This Spotlight examines employment and wages for healthcare occupations.
Fifty years of looking at changes in peoples lives
Longitudinal surveys help us understand long-term changes, such as how events that happened when a person was in high school affect labor market success as an adult.


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According to citation statistics, researchers behind programmed cell death pathways and CRISPR/Cas9 are among those in line for Nobel Prizes this year.
Cracking the Complex
November 1, 2015|
Using mass spec to study protein-protein interactions
November 1, 2015|
Using mass spec to study protein-protein interactions
November 1, 2015|
Using chemogenetic tools to spur the brain into action
November 1, 2015|
Diverting the bile duct around a long stretch of the small intestine could treat obesity without cutting out chunks of the digestive tract.
October 30, 2015|
Modifying a vibration-based optical technique can capture images of living tissues, researchers show.
October 26, 2015|
A new microscope allows researchers to watch biological processes at the cellular level in 3-D in living animals.
October 22, 2015|
Optogenetics has evolved beyond its neuron-stimulating capacities to an all-optical approach for both manipulating and recording cells.
October 22, 2015|
A study suggests that gas chromatography-mass spectrometry modifies or destroys sample compounds, but some are skeptical.
October 19, 2015|
Scientists present new recipes for directly converting glial cells to neurons in mouse brains.
October 5, 2015|
Researchers have selectively activated a specific neural pathway to manipulate a primate's behavior.
October 1, 2015|
Micromanaging neuronal behavior with optogenetics


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Just thought I'd provide a brief intro since I've been lurking/posting here lately. I recognize several of you, but I'm sure not everyone knows who I am. I joined pg.org a couple of years ago when we weren't having success TTC (led to lots of googling). I was in my early 30s when we started TTC and thought it would happen in under a year. Wrong. When we hit the one year mark we started testing with an RE and I was diagnosed with low ovarian reserve (high FSH). We started with femara/IUI and then moved on to IVF. After two failed cycles, we were told that we should consider donor eggs (between the two cycles I only had 3 embryos that stopped dividing at 4 cells). We decided to use up leftover meds while we were saving for a donor egg cycle and had unexpected success with an injectable/IUI cycle. Our DS is now 17 months old. We're TTC again, naturally, and I'm not really sure where to post around here so I tend to post all over the place. I'm hoping to be a "normal" woman (hence my postings in the TTC 0-24 month board). I spent a lot of time originally on the IVF board and still go there (unfortunately there are still lots of familiar faces there). I also posted here because it took us three years the first time (although at this point I'm only on my 5th PP cycle). I do some board hopping, too, although I'm not sure how long I'll be able to continue watching others stay on a board while I continue on. Until I stop bf'ing my DS we aren't going to pursue treatment with our RE and we don't think we'll ever try IVF again. That's my story in a nutshell.
Brief Intro (child ment)
Hi Beth! I too have been a board hopper as I have no "home" anymore on here. I love your story and hope that you will be blessed with another child. *Hugs* You've always been such a great support to me! I like your idea and shall introduce myself as well, since I've been posting here recently too.
I've been a member since 2007. I started on the Clomid board and moved on to the IVF board. I was originally diagnosed in 2005 with PCOS and have had trouble with blocked fallopian tubes as well. A lap in 2006 cleared my right tube and another lap in 2009 cleared my left tube. So as far as I know both my tubes are still open now. My husband was diagnosed with male factor (low counts and motility) and we later discovered it is due to a balanced translocation of chromosomes 14 and 21. In 2010 I was told I have premature ovarian failure due to high FSH. My RE will no longer treat us unless we want to use donor eggs but with my husbands issues as well we've been recommended donor embryos. Easy enough to find right?! *sigh* Anyhow, I was having regular cycles for a little over a year (no clue why as that was what brought me to a PCOS diagnosis) so we are not preventing. I haven't had af since June and have been taking Maca Root in an attempt to balance my hormones and see if I can get cycles again. I've found it very hard to just stop ttc altogether. The dream is still there to have another child. We've done multiple IUI's with Clomid, Femara, and injectables, as well as 3 attempts at IVF (all 3 cancelled due to poor response). I hope you don't mind if I continue to lurk and offer support in any way I can.
Hi Ladiiesssss !! I know both of you soo welcome !! Everyone here is sooo nice and comfortingg
Hi and Welcome! There is a great group of women on here!!
Hi Beth!!
So nice to 'meet ' you after so long of just seeing you around.
What journey you have had. It's sad fir us yet brings another strong woman to join us. I swear if we had to we could take on the world together!!!!
I wish 2012 is the magic year for you.
Much love!!
I like you, Mrs.Doolittle.


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Police, FBI raid Bennington massage parlorsMay 07,2013BENNINGTON - Local police and agents with the Federal Bureau of Investigation raided two massage parlors on Tuesday in what they said was an investigation into possible human trafficking and prostitution.
While no arrests were made on Tuesday, police said the execution of search warrants at the Green Spa on Main Street and at the Cozy Spa on North Street might lead to arrests in the future.
Police said they had been investigating the businesses for almost two years, conducting surveillance and doing interviews.
Detective Sgt. David Rowland, of the Bennington Police Department, said the FBI was involved because of the possibility that there was human trafficking taking place at the massage parlors. Rowland said he spoke with three women who he said were originally from China. While he said he confirmed one was in the United States legally, he said the status of the other two women was not as clear.
While he said he couldn't provide details, Rowland said he believed some of the material seized on Tuesday, which included business records and electronic devices, was evidence of illegal activity.MORE IN This Just InKILLINGTON Police are waiting for the results of an autopsy of a 30-year-old woman who was... Full Story
Rutland's application to become a resettlement site for up to 100 Syrian refugees has... Full StoryARLINGTON The Otter Valley boys soccer team earned its second win over Springfield in four days... Full Story
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The Inn at Union Square
No prices found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
How has this hotel rated in the past?
- Suites
- Continental Breakfast
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Room service
- Business Services
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TravelPod Member ReviewsThe Inn at Union Square San Francisco
Historical Traveler Reviews The Inn at Union Square San Francisco
Great for locals too
Reminds me of little old well kept hotels in Europe. Friendly attitude of guests and staff. People straggle out for the generous morning meal wearing the warm bathrobes provided. Fun to meet people of all ages from all over the world while in your pajama's. Feels like a luxury hostel but actually a classy, quiet, easy escape for Bay Area residents.
Never again
I stayed one night at this hotel on June 28, 2004. That will be the last night for me. This is a "boutique" hotel with a fake library painted in the lobby; an elevator that makes you wonder if it will keep going; tv's that must be at least 20 years old; and a very uncaring staff. The first room they gave me had no tv whatsoever! A call to the front desk elicited the comment of "oh really?". They did immediately transfer me to another room - this one had a tv at least but the reception was poor at best. When I finished my shower and reached for a towel, I realized that I had no towels whatsoever! Three hand towels was it.
The only bright side of this hotel for me was the shower - it may have had the best water pressure of any hotel I've ever experienced.
When I return to San Francisco, I'll try the Monaco. A friend was staying there at the same time and the difference between the hotels was night and day!
Really friendly
We stayed at the Inn for 4 nights (18-22 June)whilst on our honeymoon tour around California.
Following a fairly hectic drive through the city at rush hour (on a Friday night..) it was great to find somewhere so relaxed and professional waiting for us. The staff recognized us and knew our names (only from phone calls), and sorted the paperwork quickly on arrival to allow us to make the most of our stay.
The room was a decent size and had all we needed. Breakfast on the 3rd and 5th floor meeting areas was ample, a buffet of breads, pastries and fruit; great fresh juice and coffee. The wine reception in the evenings is a nice touch, as are the homemade cookies, yum!
Thouroughly recommended, and such a bargain compared to the Westin which is across the street.
Wonderful small hotel, great customer service
I stayed at this wonderful small hotel for two days and I thoroughly enjoyed my stay. After that I spent two days at a great branded hotel and it couldn't stand the comparison at all. All the people working there are wonderful to deal with and the attitude of attentiveness and customer care is palpable in every detail.
The rooms are nice albeit not spacious, but everything you might need is there and there is plenty of storage space. The furniture is not new, but cute and cosy and at least my room was wonderfully quiet though the hotel is directly adjacent to Union Square. There is internet access provided for by the hotel - you only have to plug in the existing cable into your notebook.
The free breakfast is ample and yummy, you can have cereals, different sorts of bread, juice, coffee etc. In the afternoon you can get free wine and snacks. I couldn't taste it by myself, because there wasn't enough time, but I think it's a great opportunity to get into contact to other guests. I was really sorry about having to leave after two days and I'm sure that if I'll visit San Francisco again, I'll stay at the Inn!
Outstanding Value...We would stay here again.
We spent a couple of nights here in early June 2004. The staff were exceptionally helpful and friendly. The location is great...steps from the square and cable car line. It is also a very short walk to China Town.
Our room was nicely done, very clean and extremely quiet and equipped with a ceiling fan. The double top sheets enclosing the blanket were a nice touch. The only complaint about the room is the level of lighting...lots of lamps but nothing particularly bright. Our view was of the building wall next door...but it was vine covered and interesting...we liked it. The wine/cheese in the afternoon, the cookies in the evening and the continental breakfast were all good. We especially liked the cookies! This hotel felt like a B&B, except more private. We would definitely stay here again (although we'd ditch the rental car...parking is $28 per day+tax).
A San Francisco gem
What a wonderful place! Quiet, peaceful, pleasant, convenient. Walk out the front door right into the middle of Union Square. Everything is within easy walking distance. Plus...breakfast served every morning 7-10 virtually right outside your door; wine and hors d'oeuvres at 5:00; and freshly baked cookies at 8:30. The staff was extremely friendly and helpful. We couldn't have enjoyed it more. Thank you!
Mr. Best
I hesitate to write this as I want the Inn to remain "my secret." But, alas, I can't lie and must share that the Inn at Union Square is simply the finest hotel in San Francisco! Where do I start? The rooms are sqeaky clean and, most importantly, quiet. In other Union Square hotels one is usually bombarded with street noise and other unpleasentaries...not so at the Inn. The daily breakfast and wine and cheese hours will save you hundreds over the course of a week stay and display the Inn's knack for going above and beyond. I have stayed in numerous boutique hotels in SF and am confident in saying the Inn tops them all, largely with its attention to detail and its commitment to excellent service. Only once have had a problem at the Inn: when my on-line reservation was lost. The problem turned to a plus as I was upgraded, at no charge, to the top floor suite including a sauna and jacuzzi. At other so-called "top flight" SF hotels I'd be lucky to even get an apology! The staff is overly friendly and with health club memberships, in-room DSL, and a short walk to the subway (the Inn practically sits on the cable car line), you have no reason not to stay here....just don't let the word get out..it'll be our secret.
Charming, comfortable and very well-run
As soon as we stepped through the Inn's doors (from the bustle of Union Square), we felt as though we were in a quiet, private 'oasis'. The front desk staff were efficient but friendly (as were all of the Inn's employees with whom we had contact). Our room was nicely-decorated, stocked with high-end toiletries, bathrobes, etc. and the complimentary wine and cheese and continental breakfast were also well-done. This small hotel is a real 'find'.
Home away from home
Despite 3 years since my last trip to San Francisco the staff at the Inn at Union Square treated me like a VIP. A perfect location for theatre, shopping, museums and nightclub's. The desk staff provided great suggestions for restaurants and mass transit is available right outside the door. The Inn is my first choice when visiting San Francisco.
What a Wonderful hotel!
This is probably one of the best values in a big city hotel I have ever encountered. Our room, while small, was very elegantly appointed and came complete with a CD player. Each floor had a small lobby where a continental breakfast (coffee, teas, juice, cereal and a good selection of pastries and muffins) was offered between 7A-10A and in the evening between 530P-700P wine and a selection of hor'dorves were also served. And it was REAL plates and silverware and linen napkins..not the paper and plastic stuff!There was evening turn down service and two chocolates and two small bottled water left to enjoy.The location couldn't be better..a few steps from Union Square. The staff was friendly and helpful. We would certainly stay here again!
TripAdvisor Reviews The Inn at Union Square San Francisco
Travel Blogs from San Francisco
USA - San Francisco
... morning. We ended up sleeping 6 persons and 1 dog in 2 beds and 3 other persons on the floor. What a crazy night! We had a lot of fun though :)
Day 2: September 28, 2014
At 8.30 Gonzalo and I were still completely passed out until James woke us up. We realized we were sleeping in one bed together with Amanda and her medium-sized 13-year-old dog. It took us maybe 15 minutes to make Gonzalo stand up and follow us to our car we had left on the street last ...
From East to West
... certainly beats the Days Inn from Newark!!! Now back on track and actually ahead of time im hoping this will let matty chill out a little and get back to his usual self. He has had a smile on his face this afternoon but thats probably because he is in the Gay capital of USA, the little homo he is. Someone back home told me i need to go to In n' ...
Nobody escapes
... do restauracji jeszcze raz pomyslal ze kiedys chcialby tu mieszkac. John to wysoki brunet o egzotycznej urodzie, jak wnioskowal Paul o pochodzeniu azjatyckim ktory mimo ze pracowal w biznesie restauracyjnym mial nienaganna sylwetke i maniery gentlemana nawet w stosunku do swoich pracownikow ktorzy bardzo czesto nie traktowali klientow z nalezytym szacunkiem. To raczej dosc dziwne w kraju gdzie pensja personelu restauracji zalezala od jakosci obslugi a duch "customer service" ...