text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|PCT number
|Publication date
|Apr 9, 2002
|Filing date
|Aug 13, 1998
|Priority date
|Feb 8, 1997
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Stefan Käfer
|Original Assignee
|Ing. Erich Pfeiffer Gmbh
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (8), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (81), Classifications (18), Legal Events (12)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The invention relates to a dispenser or discharge apparatus for media, more particularly for flowable media which may be gaseous, pasty or liquid, preferably powdery. Expediently in using it or in discharging the medium the dispenser is to be held or actuated single-handedly such that it is preferably suitable for suction or inhalation of the pharmaceutical active substances contained therein, so that they can be delivered e.g. to the mucous membrane of the nose. The dispenser may be made entirely of injection-molded or plastics parts.
The invention is based on the object of providing a dispenser which obviates the drawbacks of known configurations and which permits microvolume delivery by a dispenser which is simple to manufacture, assemble, handle, keep, or the like.
In accordance with the invention the individual delivery dose of the medium may be provided in a cupped or similar reservoir chamber substantially hermetically presealed so that it may be agitated as thoroughly as possible by an inlet/delivery flow on discharge of the medium to ensure the medium being emptied in one go totally from the reservoir cup exclusively through the medium orifice remote therefrom. The inlet flow may be formed by a medium of the aforementioned kind, more particularly however air, which flows into the dispenser from without, gaining access via passageways to the reservoir cup where a swirl or rotary flow is generated to mixingly entrain the medium stored therein and thus emerge as the delivery flow through the medium orifice into the atmosphere. Although the delivery flow could be generated by a pressure source or pump of the dispenser, a particularly simple configuration materializes when the inlet flow is generated by a suction flow in the outlet passage or in the reservoir cup, namely e.g. solely by the user inhaling through the medium orifice.
The reservoir chamber may comprise—like a blister pack—a cupped body and as the reservoir seal a plastics film or metal foil, or the like, secured to the face side about the reservoir opening in the reservoir body, this film/foil possibly being configured single or multi-ply and secured expediently by bonding, such as hot sealing to produce a hermetic seal to prevent the medium from gaining access between the adjacent surface areas of the reservoir body and the sealing wall from the reservoir chamber. However, the reservoir chamber may also be a pump cylinder with or without a prefitted plunger into which on actuation a finger with or without plunger enters.
Prior to discharge of the stored dose of the medium this seal is opened by being ruptured, but without destroying the bonding or seal connection, more particularly so that it is merely slitted open without any debris of the seal becoming detached, i.e. instead all parts of the seal remaining securely attached to the reservoir body after opening so that they cannot be entrained in the flow to the outlet passage. For this opening action the dispenser comprises instead of the plunger, or in addition thereto, a tool, provided preferably at the inflow end of the outlet passage and able to work in two phases in sequence. In the first phase only the center of the sealing wall is urged into the interior of the reservoir chamber until it ruptures, after which the sealing wall is slit open radially to form several radial flaps of the sealing wall which in the second phase are splayed or defined by being clamped in place relative to the reservoir body, thus ensuring that even in the case of a highly flexible sealing film/foil a sufficiently large passage cross-section for the inlet flow materializes without the risk of the seal flaps reclosing or restricting the passage cross-section once the flow action is effective.
The volume of the reservoir chamber may be several times, e.g. at least two or three times, larger than the volume of the discharge dose stored therein so that already on commencement of discharge of the medium suitably large spaces are available for developing a swirl flow and the passage inlet or the inlet openings thereof are not fully covered by the medium on plunging into the reservoir chamber. The inlet flow gains access directly to the medium expediently through an annular passage defined by the reservoir chamber and/or an outlet nozzle, whereby on leaving the annular passage the inlet flow is directed as a kind of annular roller radially inwards and then back in the opposite direction into the outlet passage. The bottom of the reservoir cup which is concave over the full width of the reservoir chamber as well as the conically tapered end of the outlet passage serve as curved or inclined guiding surface areas for the reverse flow. During discharge of the medium these guiding surface areas are defined centered and stopped relative to each other to have so little freedom of movement that the definition of the cup chamber or bottom thereof remains out of contact. The flaps of the sealing wall define the passageways for the inlet flow within the reservoir chamber, however, from the opening of the reservoir up to the region of the guiding surface areas so that their ends are free to flutter in the air flow, whirling up the medium mechanically.
The dispenser receives the reservoir cup expediently totally in a housing which may be permanently fixed or movable relative to the medium orifice. Expediently the reservoir chamber is movable relative to the medium orifice, the outlet passage, the opening tool or the like, e.g. by being shiftable parallel to the centerline of the cup or pivotable about an axis parallel to the cup centerline. This pivoting or twisting axis is located radially totally outside of the reservoir chamber so that it may be translated from a location in line with the outlet passage into a location remote therefrom. It is this axial movement that enables the reservoir seal to be opened and the rotary movement enables the reservoir cup to be translated from a resting position into an operating position, the reservoir cup being unable to come into contact with the outlet passage in the resting position when the outlet passage is axially shifted.
The dispenser may comprise on a common reservoir body two or more reservoir chambers the same or differing in size which may be translated into the operating position or discharge position in sequence by one of the cited movements and thus emptied each separately in one go. These reservoir chambers are distributed to advantage uniformly about the axis of rotation, whereby between them a supporting or mounting appendage may be provided protruding beyond the bottoms of the cups and transmitting axial actuating forces directly to the reservoir body.
To facilitate piercing the reservoir wall or actuation for discharge of the medium the parts movable relative to each other for this purpose are expediently loaded via a pressure point, after the defeat of which the forces counteracting the actuation are substantially diminished throughout up to the stop so that the dispenser may be translated at relatively high speed into the end position of the stroke. The self-releasing resistive forces of the pressure point may be formed by a spring latch, a design break point or the like. The members releasing for this purpose by interengagement or by the actuating force may be, like anti-twist members, located in the region of the outer circumference of the reservoir body or be formed by the outermost circumference thereof so that the reservoir body requires no separate appendages or the like for this purpose.
The anti-twist members, by means of which the reservoir body is prevented from twisting out of place from the inner end of the outlet passage on discharge of the medium, may act positively throughout from the starting position of the reservoir body up to the end position of the stroke whilst still being releasable, e.g. by the two actuating units of the dispenser being telescopically extensible up to the mutual stop. In this arrangement the pressure point may be defeated in the opposite direction so that the actuating units are then located in the starting position in which they are stop-defined in both opposite directions, namely against being telescopically extended by a stop which is very difficult to defeat and against being telescopically retracted by the contacting sliding surface areas of the pressure point control which is substantially easier to defeat.
The dispenser may be configured miniature, e.g. fully clasped single-handedly circumferentially or surrounded lengthwise so that the discharge nozzle freely protrudes between two fingers of the hand. Its largest radial width is maximally 60 mm or 50 mm and its length maximally twice as large as compared to the latter may be maximally 90 mm or 70 mm. These dimensions like all mutual locational definitions may apply to both the starting position as well as the end position after the dispenser has been actuated.
These and further features also read from the description and the drawings, each of the individual features being achieved by themselves or severally in the form of sub-combinations in one embodiment of the invention and in other fields and may represent advantageous aspects as well as being patentable in their own right, for which protection is sought in the present.
Example embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail in the following and illustrated in the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an illustration of the dispenser in accordance with the invention, shown partly in axial section,
FIG. 1a is a vertical section view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in the pre-actuation position;
FIG. 1b is a vertical section view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in the actuated position;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the dispenser as shown in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is an illustration of a further embodiment shown the same as in FIG. 1, and
FIG. 4 is a partly sectioned plan view of the dispenser as shown in FIG. 3.
The dispenser 1 comprises two units 2, 3 opposingly movable by manual actuation in two directions located at right angles transversely to each other. By linear movement the units 2, 3 are translated from a starting position or resting position with a shortening of the dispenser 1 into an actuated end position or working position as well as back into the starting position by manual force. By rotary movement the units 2, 3 are opposingly displaced into various optional positions only in the linear resting position in opposite directions through at least 180° or more than a full turn in each case. The first unit 2 located downwards on discharge of the medium comprises a bowl-type base body 4 with an internal reservoir body 6 and the second unit 3, located on top of the other unit on discharge of the medium, comprises a base body 5. Each of the base bodies 4, 5 as well as the reservoir body 6 is configured integral throughout.
The reservoir body 6 separate from the base body 4 could also be configured integral with the base body 4 and in addition the two base bodies 4, 5 could be produced integral with each other and then, without being parted from each other, translated from the mutual production position into the starting position or operating position different thereto by being turned. As a result of this the dispenser may be made exclusively of plastics material or injection molded parts without employing any metal and also requires no springs such as control or return springs. Furthermore, the dispenser may be produced miniature, e.g. comprising a length of 10, 8 or 6 cm and a width at right angles transversely thereto of 6, 5 or 4 cm smaller as compared to the latter, whereby each of the cited dimensions may be a maximum or minimum value. The dispenser may be configured for discharging only a single dose of the medium or for discharge in sequence of at least or maximally two, three or four doses of the medium located adjacent to each other in a plane at right angles and transversely to the linear displacement or axis of rotation of the units 2, 3 and contained in separate reservoirs 7. The spatial volume of each reservoir 7 is substantially larger than the volume of the medium contained therein so that the medium is moved or loosened up in the reservoir 7 by shaking.
On being discharged the medium flows from the reservoir 7 directly into an outlet passage 8 linear throughout up to a medium orifice 9, the flow cross-sections of the outlet passage continually increasing from the reservoir 7 up to the medium orifice 9. The outlet passage 8 comprises in cross-section only a single definition formed by an inner circumference and has at both ends a maximum width which is smaller than the largest inner width of the reservoir 7. On discharge of the medium as well as in the starting position previous thereto the reservoir 7 and the outlet passage 8 are located in a common axis 10 parallel to the direction of displacement, as compared to which the axis 11 parallel thereto for the rotational movement of the units 2, 3 is laterally spaced away therefrom by a spacing which is smaller than a third of the maximum width of the dispenser 1. The axis 11 forms the centerline of the dispenser 1 or of each of the units 2, 3 and an axis of symmetry for the bodies 4, 6. On being discharged the medium flows from the unit 2 through the unit 3 in the direction 12 and for translation into the actuated end position the unit 3 needs to be moved relative to the unit 2 in the opposite direction 13. For translation into the various rotary positions the units 2, 3 are opposingly twisted in the direction 14 about the axis 11. An actuated end position is indicated dot-dashed in FIG. 1. On being discharged the medium detaches from the dispenser 1 as a whole at the orifice 9.
For each reservoir 7 the reservoir body 6 comprises a separate reservoir cup 15 the plane opening of which is sealed off by a plane reservoir seal 16, namely a diaphragm, a film, foil or the like hermetically so that the reservoir cup 15 can only be opened by destroying the seal 16. The bottom wall of the cup 15 curved inwardly concave and outwardly convex forms internally a hemispherical reservoir bottom 17 which translates continually into a reservoir shell 18 constant in width up to the opening. The length of the shell 18 is substantially smaller than its width or the maximum width of the bottom 17 and may be smaller than a third or half of the radius of this width. The reservoir opening is located in a face surface area 19 of the body 6 plane throughout and located at right angles transversely to the axis 10, 11, extending up to outermost circumference of the unit 2, 4 and permanently forming the surface area of this unit 2, 4, 6 nearest to the orifice 9.
All reservoirs 7 are configured integral with a tubular supporting body 20 hollow throughout located in the axis 11, the outer circumference of which is connected by the reservoir cups 15 via separate stems 21 uniformly distributed about the axis 11, as a result of which the reservoir body 6 has differing wall thicknesses, namely smaller in the region of the reservoir cup 15, the lower end of the supporting body 20 as well as in the region of a flanged deck or a rim 22, but each the same as the other, and in the region of the stems 21 wall thicknesses which are more than twice as thick as compared to the latter. The stem 21 and the rim 22 form together the face surface area 19, the stem 21 being axially shorter than the reservoir cup 15 so that the curved bottom wall thereof protrudes downwards beyond the stem 21 and is located radially spaced away adjacently from the outer circumference of the supporting body 20.
The radial spacing of the outer circumference of the cup 15 from the axis 11 equals the radius of the freely exposed outer circumference of the supporting body 20 so that the stem 21 does not protrude beyond these outer circumferences at right angles transversely to the plane common to the axes 10, 11. In the axial view as shown in FIG. 2 the dispenser 1 just like each of its units 2, 3 or the base bodies 4, 5 is elongated or oval parallel to this axial plane so that its smallest width amounts at the most or at least to half of its maximum width and one of two reservoirs 7 is located at each end. Due to the thickened portions of stems 21 located diametrally opposed and due to the free surface area 19 being penetrated only by the reservoir openings the reservoirs 7 are connected to each other substantially flexibly rigid and to the supporting body 20. The reservoirs 7 are further stiffened by the fixed connection of the reservoir body 6 to the base body 4. The rim 22 of the face surface area 19 rests by its full circumference on the face or end surface area of the base body 4 facing the orifice 9, this face or end surface area being formed by a rim 23 of the body 4 consistent in width and thickness. The rims 22, 23 may be configured also integral with each other and surround the reservoir chambers 24 of all reservoirs 7 in the plane of the reservoir openings and of the reservoir shells 18.
The base body 4 is formed by a cap 25, configured elongated as viewed axially, which in each axial section comprises a constant inner and outer width throughout up to the rim 23 and forming a shell 26 as well as at the end thereof facing away from the orifice 9 a plane face wall 27. Each reservoir cup 15 is in contact with the inner circumference of the shell 26 in its portion furthest removed from the axis 11, namely symmetrical to the axial plane 10, 11 and directly adjoining the inner circumference of the rim 23 by half the partial circumference of its outer circumference, i.e. only up to the transition between the bottom 17 and the shell 18 so that the bottom wall of the cup 15 is located within the base body 4 totally without any contact. The rim 23 protrudes only beyond the outer circumference of the shell 26 and forms with the rim 22 about the circumference a common, smooth circumferential surface area continual throughout which dictates the largest outer width of the unit 2. The bottom 27 is located axially spaced away from the reservoir cups 15, this axial spacing being greater than its axial extent. Spaced away from the reservoir cups 15 the walls 26, 27 are mutually joined by stiffeners, such as ribs 28, adjoining only at the inner sides of the walls 26, 27 as well as at the outer circumference of the supporting body 20 extending up to the inner side of the bottom 27. The web-shaped ribs 28 located radially to the axis 11 may thus form by their end edges from each other a divided centering opening for clampingly receiving the lower end section of the supporting body 20.
When the body 6 is inserted into the body 4 it is first the supporting body 20 that engages this centering opening, after which the outer surface areas of the cups 15 located inclined to the direction of insertion 13 engage with the inner side of the shell 26 and thereby produce, where necessary, a mutual twisting alignment of the bodies 4, 6. It is solely by the engagement of the outer surface areas of the reservoir cups 15 with the inner surface area of the cap 25 that the bodies 4, 6 are then opposingly positively and permanently prevented from twisting out of place with zero clearance. Due to the mutual stop by the rims 22, 23 and by the parts 20, 27 the bodies 4, 8 are opposingly axially locked in place permanently with zero clearance. The outer circumference of the reservoir cups 15 may also clampingly engage the inner circumference of the body 4 with radial pressure, or the rims 22, 23 may be hot-sealed or fused to each other so that any accidental parting of the bodies 4, 6 is obviated. The body 6 seals off the interior of the body 4 hermetically at its cup opening. Opposite the outer circumference of the supporting body 20 as well as the stems 21, namely in the region of its plane longitudinal sides, the inner circumference of the body 4 has no contact with the body 6 throughout since the outer width of the supporting body 20 and of the stems 21 transversely to the axial plane 10, 11 is smaller than the corresponding outer width of the cup 15. The outer side of the wall 27, plane throughout, forms a handle 29 for locating one or more fingers as well as a surface area for reliably standing the dispenser on a plane table top.
The two units 2, 4 and 3, 5 are connected to each other before or directly after commencement of the actuating movement only by a single telescopic-type connection 30 located centrally in the axis 11 and which may be configured integral with one or more of the bodies 4 to 6. In this case, however, the connection 30 exposed between the units 2, 3 in the starting position is formed by a component separate from the bodies 4 to 6 and permits their shifting movement both axially, but with zero radial clearance, as well as their mutual rotary movement. In the starting position all reservoir cups 15 are located totally outside of the body 5 and in the actuated end position totally within the body 5 beyond which then only the longitudinal part of the body 4 adjoining the reservoirs 7 with the handle 29 protrudes outwardly.
The body 5 comprises likewise an integral and, as viewed axially, elongated or oval cap 31, the shell 32 of which freely protrudes from its plane face wall 33 only in the direction of the handle 29. The inner circumference of the shell 32 is slightly wider than the outer circumference of the body 4 or of the rim 22, 23 so that the latter may be pushed into the shell 32 more or less up to the inner side of the face wall 33, passageways thereby remaining free between the inner sides of the walls 32, 33 and the outer sides of the walls 22, 23, and a wall of the shell. As suction channels these passageways connect the opened reservoir chamber 24 to the outer atmosphere surrounding the dispenser 1 and run in the direction of flow multiply angled first in the direction 12 along the outer circumference of the wall of the shell 26, 23, 22, then transversely to the axis 10, 11 along the face surface area 19 or of the seal 16 about the connection 30 and then in the direction 13 through the reservoir opening towards the reservoir bottom 17, and from there in the direction 12 they translate deflected into the outlet passage 8. These passageways may pass through the full circumference of the bodies 4, 6 without interruption so that in the actuated end position they comprise passage cross-sections larger throughout than the outlet passage 8, but form a constriction or sieve gap defined by the rims 22, 23 to prevent the intake of any foreign matter. Between the faces of rims 22, 23 the passageways form a flat passage gap extending over the full face surface area 19, this gap being penetrated centrally only by the connection 30 so that the latter is directly surrounded by the air flow.
Protruding beyond the outer side of the face wall 33 in the axis 10 is a discharge nozzle 34 configured integral with the body 5, 31. Located in the end surface area of the discharge nozzle 34 is the orifice 9 as a right circular opening having a width of at least 2, 4 or 5 mm. Adjacent to and directly connecting the outer circumference of the nozzle 34 the otherwise plane outer side of the face wall 33 forms the second handle 35 for locating one or more fingers of the same hand. Like the handle 29, the handle 35 extends full-length up to the corresponding shell 26 and 32 respectively, whereby both handles 29, 35 are penetrated by the axis 11 since the nozzle 34 is located totally adjacent to the axis 11 but spaced away therefrom. Protruding less far than the shell 32 eccentrically adjacent to the nozzle 34 only beyond the inner side of the face wall 33 is a protuberance 36 totally located within the cap 31. The sleeve-shaped insertion protuberance 36 is configured integral with the face wall 33 and forms part of the connection 30.
The double-wall nozzle 34 comprises an outermost shell 38 conically flared at an acute angle in the direction 13 up to the wall 33, this shell extending only up to the wall 33 and translating thereinto integrally. At the other end located at the orifice 9 the shell 38 translates integrally into a freely protruding inner shell 37 conically tapered at an acute angle, which from the connection with the shell 38 extending up to the orifice 9 is without contact to the shell 38 over its full length and over most of its outer circumference and thus freely protrudes in the direction 13 beyond the inner side of the wall 33 into the cap 31. The outer circumference of the shell 37 is integrally connected to the inner circumference of the shell 38 via stiffeners, such as ribs 39 which protrude from the transition between the shells 37, 38 up to the inner side of the wall 33 as well as into the cap 31. The longitudinal or axial ribs 38 are distributed uniformly about the axis 10 and set back relative to the adjacent ends of the tubular 37, 38.
The inner circumference of the tubular shell 37 defines alone the sole outlet passage 8 conically flared at an acute angle in the direction 12. The length of the nozzle 34 is smaller than the spacing between the handles 29, 35 in the resting position or in the actuated end position. The outer width of the nozzle 34 is selected closely behind its free face surface area with a 6 mm diameter so large that it may be introduced into a nostril and come into contact with the inside of the nostril relatively snugly when already inserted only slightly. The cited face surface area translates rounded into the conically outer circumference of the shell 38. Curved partly or semi-circular about the axis 10 in every working rotated position are also the shells 26, 32 as well as the rims 22, 23, whereby these curved sections as viewed axially translate into each other via straight flanking sections of the shell or rim in each case.
As evident from FIG. 1 a separate seal 16 is provided for each reservoir chamber 24, although an integral common seal throughout may also be provided for two or more or all reservoir chambers 24. The seal 16 is joined by hot-sealing or fusion only to the face surface area 19, beyond which it protrudes only by its thickness of maximally half or a tenth of a millimeter. To open the seal 16—which is flexible but capable of bursting without debris—of a chamber 24 located in the axis 10 of the passage 8, a tool 40 is provided on the unit 3, 5, this tool being located totally within the cap 31 at the end of the passage 8 or of the shell 37 and protruding beyond this end, as a result of which the inner shell forms a spike 37 with which the complete tool 40 is integrally configured as with the remaining body 5.
Located nearest to the sealing plane 19 in the axis 10 is a tip 41 of the tool 40 pointing in the direction 13, this tip being configured spaced away from the corresponding end of the hollow spike 37 as a 90° conically pointed tip. Integrally adjoining the tip 41 in the direction 12 are the webs 42, the ends of which remote from the tip 41 integrally adjoin the face or end surface area of the shell 37 so that they protrude in the plane of this face surface area beyond neither the inner circumference nor the outer circumference of the shell 37. The outer longitudinal edges of the four webs 42 uniformly distributed about the axis 10 form a smooth inclined continuation of the outer circumference of the tip 41 and their inner longitudinal edges diverge in the direction 12 in the same way inclined to the axis 10. The side edges of each web 42 are located parallel to each other so that, between them, triangular ports 44 of the passage inlet 43 of the passage 8 are formed in each case uniformly distributed about the axis 10. The passage cross-section of the single port 44 as well as of all ports 44 jointly is smaller than that of the passage 8, the orifice 9 and of the cited passageways for the delivery air flow, as a result of which the tool 40 forms protruding beyond the plane end surface area of the shell 37 a sieve, a flow restrictor and a swirler for the flow, the ports 44 of which are defined by the end surface area of the shell 37 as well as by the webs 42.
In the actuated end position, in which the body 5 or the shell 37 is directly stop-defined relative to the body 4 or 6, the end of the tip 41 is located away from the bottom 17 by a spacing which is smaller than the radius of curvature thereof or half thereof, whilst the end surface area of the shell 37 is located in the region of the bottom 17 or in the region of the transition between the bottom 17 and the shell 18. The outer circumference of the shell 37 then defines with the shell 18 an annular passage interrupted by the ribs 39, this annular passage starting from the reservoir opening or the face surface area 19 and pointing axially in the direction of the bottom surface area 17. At the end surface area of the shell 37 the continuation of this annular passage which is then defined by the webs 42 and the opposite bottom wall 17 first assumes a wider passage cross-section before then again becoming narrower towards the tip 41. The air flowing through the annular passage towards the surface area 17 is caused to swirl about the axis 10 by the guiding surface area 17, this swirl flow entering through the ports 44 into the passage 8 and simultaneously emerges mixed with the medium from the orifice 9.
The closed chamber 44 is filled expediently only with medium sufficient to partly cover the bottom 17 and in the working position the ports 44 dip into the medium either not at all or only in part to thus achieve a very good swirling entrainment of the medium and also size reduction of any large particles possibly formed by minute particles sticking together. When the spike 37 dives into the chamber 24 the medium is displaced radially outwards about the axis 10 by the tool 40 so that the medium fill in the center forms a depression.
In the diving action it is only the tip 41 that first comes into contact with the seal 16, causing it to be pricked before then being slit open in the further diving action by the webs 42 and the ribs 39 only along radially lines up to the shell 18 and divided into individual circular sectioned flaps. These flaps then extend only up to the surface level of the medium in the chamber 24 and are caused to radially vibrate and flutter by the inlet flow of air, resulting in the delivery flow impacting the medium to be pulsed, it also leaving the orifice 9 pulsed. Each rib 39 is located with a tool member 42 on the same side of the axis 10 in a common axial plane and translates into this member 42 graduated about the outer circumference of the shell 32.
The connection 30 comprises but a single connecting member 45 separate from the bodies 4 to 6, namely an arbor connected to the body 5 firmly seated axially and prevented from twisting out of place. A tapered end of the hollow member 45 configured rotationally symmetrical full-length and located in the axis 11 is inserted as a connector spigot 46 firmly seated in the protuberance 36 so that the outer circumference of this connecting member smoothly adjoins the outer circumference of the cylindrical connecting member 45 the same in width. In the starting position the member 45 passes through a gap between the end surface area of the cap 31 and the rim 22, 23. As of the surface area 19 the outer circumference of the member 45 engages the inner circumference of the arbor 20 shiftingly, rotatively as well as sealed so that a telescopic connection materializes. Provided spaced away below the cups 15 and above the wall 27 on the inner circumference of the boss 20 is a stop 47 formed by the annular shoulder at the transition to a flared inner cross-section of the arbor 20, pointing away from the body 5 and forming together with the counter-stop 48 of the member 45 a captive lock for the units 2, 3 in the starting position. The counter-stop 48 is formed by a widened annular collar at the outer circumference and end of the section of the member 45 which is guided up to the counter-stop 48 slidingly on the body 6. In the actuated end position the member 45 with the counter-stop 48 comes up against the inner side of the wall 27. In this end position the ribs 39 may still feature a gap spaced away from the annular defining edge of the shell 18 and of the reservoir opening respectively.
Prior to first-time use (priming) the two units 3, 4 are joined together by a tamper-proof seal 49 safeguarding the bodies 4, 5 in the starting position or in an intermediate position and sealing off the gap between the bodies 4, 5 over part or all of the circumference from the atmosphere. The seal 49 can be translated into the release position needed to permit the formerly blocked actuating movement and rotary mutual movement of the units 2, 3 only by destroying a connection 51, namely its connection to the body 4 and/or the body 5. The cupped seal tag 52 is in this case curved about the axis 10 of the passage 8 and of the tool 40, located symmetrical to the axial plane 10, 11 and extending about the axis 10 at an angle of an arc of less than 180° and more than 90°. The seal tag adjoins the ends of the shells 26, 32 facing each other, it possibly translating via a design break connection integrally into the shell 32, as indicated by the dot-dashed line 53, and being configured separately from the body 5 so that it may form at the inner circumference centering and stop surface areas for both the outer circumference and the end edge of the shell 32. The member 52 is integrally connected to the outer circumference of the rim 23 by the connection 51 protruding inwardly from the inner circumference of the member 52 and adjoining the lower end surface areas of the rim 23 the same as of the member 52.
In joint integral fabrication of the bodies 4, 5 the connection 51 could be configured as a film hinge-type joint so that both bodies 4. 5 may be produced located juxtaposed in cap openings facing in the same directly before then being folded together about the hinging axis into the position as shown in FIG. 1. The connection 51 may be released either by applying strong axial pressure to the handles 29, 35 or by manual peeling off the seal tag 52 radially outwards by it being flexurally deformed and totally removed from the two bodies 4, 5.
In the first case as cited the member 52 remains on the base body 5 so that although mutual axial movement of the units 2, 3 is still permitted, their mutual rotation about the axis 11 is not, due to the remaining member 52 preventing this. As soon as on the axial stroke the rim 22, 23 is attained in the shell 32 this too prevents any rotational movement of the units 2, 3 irrespective of the seal 49 since the inner circumference of the member 52 forms a smooth continuation of the inner circumference of the shell 32. It is not until the units 2, 3 have been telescopically extended into their starting position that it is possible to dislodge the member 52 in destroying the connection 51 by mutually twisting the bodies 4, 5 and thus permit the rotative movement needed to align the passage 8 with the second reservoir 7.
To facilitate opening the chamber 24 a pressure point control 50 is provided which locks the units 2, 3 in place until a predetermined pressure force is attained at the surface areas 29, 35, it then being easily defeated so that the units 2, 3 are able to be manually urged towards each other greatly accelerated and only the seal 16 of the selected chamber 24 is pierced. In this case the holding member of the pressure point control is to be viewed as being the connection 51 which, however, after destruction is no longer effective for discharge from the second reservoir 7. In order to have an effective pressure point control 50 on opening or discharging each reservoir 7, the units 2, 3 could be arranged to interengage in the starting position via a radially pliant latch which is disengaged on actuation and reengaged on the return to the starting position. Apart from being effective between the outer and inner cross-section of the bodies 4, 5 the latch could also be effective directly between the bodies 5, 6, e.g. by providing a protruding latch cam on the supporting part 20 adjacent to the lower end surface area of the members 45, 48.
The nozzle 34 may be introduced into the bodily opening of a patient being treated before or after the axial actuation. In the first case a pump for boosting the delivery flow into the chamber 24 as well as into the passage 8 could be provided and formed e.g. by the member 45, 48 acting as the plunger and the body 6, 20 as the barrel. In the case as illustrated, however, the dispenser 1 is totally valveless since an inlet valve or an outlet valve is needed in none of the passageways for the delivery flow and the medium. After axial actuation the end edges 54 of the ribs 39—provided converging at an acute angle in the direction 12 with the axis 10, namely oriented parallel to the webs 42 and in a linear elongation from their inner edges—are located axial slightly spaced away from the sharp defining edge of the chamber opening flanked at right angles in the axial section so that these edges 54 protrude up into the shell 18.
Located between the outer sides of the bodies 4, 6 and the inner sides of the body 5 are the portings or passageways 55 as explained extending from the full circumference of the shells 26, 32 between the parallel rims 22, 23 up to the full circumference of the spike 37 and from there directly onto the chamber 24. The outer width of the spike 37 is greater than two-thirds of the inner width of the shell 18 and the mean width of the passage 8 corresponds to half the width of the shell 18. When air is suctioned through the orifice 9 from the passage 8 and the chamber 24 without an intervening valve, then air flows via the passageways 55 from without via an inlet 56 in the way as described and likewise without valve control into the chamber 24 so that the medium is strongly swirled therein and then the resulting, well homogenized mixture of medium and delivery flow forced out in sequence through the ports 44, the passage 8 and the orifice 9. Once the chamber 24 has been emptied the units 2, 3 are manually returned from the end position in which the member 45, 48 is stopped in contact with the bottom 27 back into the stopped extended starting position so that their mutual anti-twist lock is now released. The units 2, 3 are then counter-twisted about the axis 11 through 180° so that the parts 34, 37 to 44, 54 are then aligned on the second reservoir 7 still to be opened. This can then be emptied into the second nostril by axial actuation in the way as described.
In the case as shown in FIG. 1 the axial extent of the shank 34 is greater than the axial extent of the cap 31, whereas in the case as shown in FIG. 3 it is smaller, but smaller than the axial extent of the body 4 and 6 respectively. The axial stroke is smaller than the axial extent of each of the caps 25, 31 or of the nozzle 34, the length of which corresponds to the spacing between the handles 29, 35 in the actuated end position. The cap 31 is half as short as the cap 25 which accommodates the cap in its interior only in the actuated end position, the length of the cap 31 being measured from the face surface area 35 up to the end edge of the shell 32. The axial extent of the body 6 equals that of the cap 25 or of the body 4 as a whole, thus resulting in the dispenser 1 being configured miniature and simple to operate.
For assembly, first the member 45, 48 is inserted from below in the direction 12 into the supporting part 20 until it comes up against the stop 47, it then being connected to the body 5 via the protuberance 36 and spigot 36, 46 in the same direction of insertion 12. Then, this assembly is inserted in the direction 13 into the body 4, the cap 32 at 53 comes up against the lock 49 resulting in the dispenser 1 then being ready for priming as described. If the member 45, 48 is to form an assembly with the body 5 prior to being fitted to the body 6, for example, due to it being configured integral with the body 5, the member 48 could be configured as a snap-action member or the like which on insertion in the direction 13 into the supporting part 20 deflects from the face surface area 19 initially radially inwardly before snapping back radially outwards into its locking position after having negotiated the shoulder 47.
The annular space defined by the outer circumference of the supporting part 20, the inner circumference of the shell 26, the inner side of the wall 27 as well as by the walls of the reservoir cup 15 and between adjacent cups 15 by the inner side of the flanged deck 22 is vacant, i.e. free of fixed installed items so that reservoir cups 15 differing in depth may be inserted in one and the same cap 25. Since the magnitude of the stroke is dictated solely by the reservoir body 6 or by its cooperation with the counter-stop 48, adapting the stroke to the corresponding cup depth is simply done by making changes to the reservoir body 6 as well as to the connecting member 45 without involving any change to the bodies 4, 5. In any case, however, the reservoir cups are located spaced away from and between the handles 29, 35 in each actuation position.
As evident from FIGS. 3 and 4 the body 4 may be eliminated altogether or be formed solely by the body 6, 20 forming with the lower end of the supporting part 20 also the handle 29. In this case the protuberance 36 is configured integral with the remaining connecting member 45. In the starting position too, all reservoirs 7 or cups 15 are located totally within the shell 32, beyond the lower opening of which only the supporting part 20 freely protrudes. The arrangement may be made so that on the actuating stroke the member 45 emerges slightly from the lower end 29 of the shank 20 before the tip 41 has attained the seal 16, the user then feeling the corresponding relative location between the units 2, 3 by his finger pressing against the handle 29. The four chambers 24 or cups 15 uniformly distributed about the axis 11 are connected to the shank 20 via the stems 21 so that although the stems 21 translate directly into the rim 22 they are located spaced away from each other circumferentially, as a result of which each cup 15 is able to execute a slight, resilient pivoting movement relative to the shank 20 like a single-armed and radial lever freely protruding from the shank 20.
In this case the interengaging members of the control 50 are provided directly at the bodies 5, 6, namely at the inner circumference of the shell 32 and at the outermost circumference of the rim 22 as well as being configured each integral with the corresponding body 5 and 6 respectively. Adjoiningly the rim 22 comprises at its free end edge surface areas 47, 51 opposite each other which may be provided full-length as the flanks of an annular groove about the axis 11. Both surface areas 47, 51 are formed by separate radial protuberances each defined by two flanks. The flank 47 of the protuberance located nearer to the end edge of the shell 32 exerts a greater return resistance on the protuberance 48 of the body 6 than the corresponding flank of the protuberance belonging to the shoulder 51 and may be located e.g. at right angles to the axis 11. The rim 22 forms around each cup 15 a most prominent radially rim protuberance 48, the surface areas 47, 51 being located in the movement travel of all protuberances 48. In the starting position the protuberances 48 are located expediently between the surface areas 47, 51 so that on actuation the inclined surface area 51 first needs to be slidingly overcome by the protuberances 48 with the cited resilient definition of the body 6 before the accelerated working stroke commences. Then, when the units 2, 3 are telescopically re-extended, the body 6 deforms correspondingly in the opposite direction when the protuberances 48 slide along the other inclined surface areas of the protuberance of the surface area 51 into the region of the latching opening 47, 51. In the starting position the body 6 is accordingly locked in place by a snap-action connection of the control 50.
In each working rotary position the two units 2, 3 are positively prevented from being twisted mutually out of place by a lock 57, but with sufficient rotary play to permit a slight, mutual resilient twisting movement to permit their precise mutual alignment in axial stopping of the surface area 54 at the unit 2. Between two protuberances 48, each defined as viewed axially semi-circular and convex, the outer end surface area of the rim 22 forms in each case a semi-circular and concave definition recess 58 engaged by a protuberance 59 at the inner circumference of the shell 32 with slight radial tension with the cited rotary play. The protuberance 59 guides the body 6 practically over the full actuating stroke, but releases it for the rotative movement about the axis 11 when the latching members 48 are located in the latching opening 47, 51. In this arrangement latching members are also provided expediently in the region of the groove 47, 51 which may be defeated, unlike the lock 57, by the manual rotary force exerted on the body 6 and which always locks in place when a chamber 24 is located in the axis 10. From this latching position effective solely by positive friction the body 6 is then translated into the positive rotary lock 57 directly on commencement of the working stroke. For this purpose the end surface area of the protuberance 59 is able to approach the axis 11 inclined in the direction 12. In the region of each protuberance 59 the thickness of the shell 32 may be reduced so that it forms at the outer circumference a finger scallop for the user.
The dispenser 1 described is particularly suitable for powdered, grainy or similar, flowable media or solid substances. However, it may be just as suitable for liquid or pasty media, the part 40 or part 16 then comprising a plunger sliding sealed along the shell 18 to thus produce a discharging pressure in the chamber 24. The tool 40 for opening or piercing the plunger or seal 16 may also be a hollow needle of a metallic material, more particularly stainless steel, through which the outlet passage 8 is guided. In this case the outlet passage 8 is then expediently guided through an outlet valve which does not open until a sufficiently high pressure has built up in the chamber 24 due to the travel of the stroke. In this configuration the delivery flow may also port directly into the passage 8, the orifice 9 of which is formed expediently by an atomizer nozzle with means for swirling the medium. As evident from FIGS. 3 and 4 the units 2, 3 or the bodies 5, 6, but especially the cap shell 32, are defined circular about the axis 11 as viewed axially so that the handles 29, 35 do not extend longitudinal transversely to the axis 10, 11 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
It will be appreciated that all features of all embodiments are interchangeable or supplementary to each other for any one dispenser, so that all passages of the description apply to all embodiments. All cited effects and properties such as locational definitions, size relationships or the like may be provided precisely as described, or merely substantially or approximately so and may also greatly deviate therefrom depending on the required discharge effect.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 7, 1983
|Dec 9, 1986
|Glaxo Group Limited
|Devices for administering medicaments to patients
|Dec 1, 1986
|Oct 18, 1988
|Glaxo Group Limited
|Pack for administering medicaments to patients
|Oct 7, 1994
|Nov 28, 1995
|Ing. Erich Pfeiffer Gmbh & Co. Kg
|Dispenser for positively discharging a medium through a plurality of motions
|Nov 18, 1994
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|Vortran Medical Technology, Inc.
|Powder inhaler with aerosolization occurring within each individual powder receptacle
|Oct 20, 1995
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|Ing. Erich Pfeiffer Gmbh & Co. Kg
|Dispenser for discharging a fluid medium
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|Inhale Therapeutic Systems
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|Jul 4, 1990
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|Austragvorrichtung fuer medien
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|Giuseppina Magni
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|Inhale Therapeutic Systems, Inc.
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|Medihale Ltd.
|System and method for aerosol delivery of a drug
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|Jun 7, 2005
|Nektar Therapeutics
|Dry powder dispersing apparatus and methods for their use
|Dec 18, 2002
|Sep 13, 2005
|Quadrant Technologies Limited
|Unit dose dry powder inhaler
|Dec 7, 2001
|Jul 18, 2006
|Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated
|Disposable inhaler system
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|Inhalation device and method
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|Jan 15, 2008
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|Dry powder inhaler
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|Dry powder dispersing apparatus and methods for their use
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|Combination unit dose dispensing containers
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|Boehringer Ingelheim Gmbh
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|Inhalation device for transpulmonary administration
|Jun 29, 2010
|Quadrant Drug Delivery Limited
|Solid dose delivery vehicle and methods of making same
|May 20, 2005
|Aug 24, 2010
|Quadrant Drug Delivery Limited
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|Deep draw container forming method
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|Oriel Therapeutics, Inc.
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|Sep 15, 2011
|Apr 1, 2014
|Mystic Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
|Dose dispensing containers
|Feb 6, 2009
|Jun 24, 2014
|University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization
|Circumferential aerosol device
|Jun 13, 2007
|Sep 2, 2014
|Cambridge Consultants Limited
|Hinged dry powder inhaler comprising a circulating airflow chamber
|Sep 25, 2009
|Nov 18, 2014
|Oriel Therapeutics, Inc.
|Inhaler mechanisms with radially biased piercers and related methods
|Jul 31, 2008
|Dec 30, 2014
|Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh
|Jan 18, 2013
|Mar 24, 2015
|Oriel Therapeutics, Inc.
|Dry powder inhalers with dual piercing members
|Sep 25, 2009
|Jun 9, 2015
|Oriel Therapeutics, Inc.
|Dry powder inhalers with multi-facet surface deagglomeration chambers and related devices and methods
|Jan 14, 2009
|Sep 8, 2015
|Vectura Delivery Devices Limited
|Apr 1, 2014
|Feb 2, 2016
|Mystic Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
|Dose dispensing containers
|Nov 21, 2008
|Feb 23, 2016
|Pari Pharma Gmbh
|Disposable ampoule for an aerosol generating device
|Dec 6, 2000
|Oct 18, 2001
|Steve Paboojian
|Receptacles to facilitate the extraction of powders
|Oct 16, 2002
|Feb 20, 2003
|Medihale Ltd.
|System and method for aerosol delivery of a drug
|Feb 6, 2003
|Oct 2, 2003
|Inhale Therapeutic Systems, A Corporation Of The State Of California
|Apparatus and method for dispersing dry powder medicaments
|Dec 19, 2002
|Nov 13, 2003
|Inhale Therapeutic Systems
|Dry powder dispersing apparatus and methods for their use
|Dec 18, 2002
|Jun 24, 2004
|Elan Pharmaceutical Technologies
|Unit dose dry powder inhaler
|Feb 5, 2004
|Aug 12, 2004
|Advanced Inhalation Research, Inc.
|Inhalation device and method
|Mar 12, 2004
|Sep 16, 2004
|Alley Kenneth A.
|Multi-compartment inhaler
|Jul 14, 2004
|Dec 23, 2004
|Chrysalis Technologies Incorporated
|Disposable aerosol generator system and methods for administering the aerosol
|Jul 18, 2005
|Nov 17, 2005
|Quadrant Technologies Limited
|Unit dose dry powder inhaler
|Sep 25, 2002
|Nov 17, 2005
|Dimitrios Pentafragas
|Dry powder inhaler
|May 17, 2005
|Dec 1, 2005
|Quadrant Technologies Limited
|Unit dose dry powder inhaler
|Nov 2, 2004
|Dec 22, 2005
|Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh
|Powder inhaler
|Mar 9, 2005
|Mar 9, 2006
|Burr John D
|Dry powder dispersing apparatus and methods for their use
|Dec 12, 2003
|Aug 3, 2006
|Chikamasa Yama
|Inhalation device for transpulmonary administration
|Apr 22, 2005
|Oct 26, 2006
|Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh
|Dry powder inhaler
|Jul 25, 2006
|Nov 16, 2006
|Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh
|Powder Inhaler
|Apr 25, 2005
|Mar 8, 2007
|Sullivan Timothy R
|Multiple unit dose drug delivery system
|Nov 9, 2005
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|Hodson Peter D
|Single-Dose Inhalation Devices
|Dec 12, 2005
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|3M Innovative Properties Company
|Inhalation Device
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|Nektar Therapeutics
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|May 15, 2008
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|Combination unit dose dispensing containers
|Sep 8, 2005
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|Powder Inhaler, System for Opening and Emptying Capsules
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|Silvio Carrico
|Inhalation device
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|Mystic Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
|Deep draw container forming method
|Nov 21, 2008
|May 28, 2009
|Pari Pharma Gmbh
|Disposable ampoule for an aerosol generating device
|Jun 2, 2009
|Sep 24, 2009
|Young Matthew E
|Unit dose dry powder inhaler
|Aug 16, 2006
|Dec 3, 2009
|Pari Pharma Gmbh
|Inhalation Therapy Device Comprising an Ampoule for Storing a Medicament To Be Nebulized
|Jun 13, 2007
|Jan 7, 2010
|Cambridge Consultants Limited
|Dry powder inhalers
|Sep 25, 2009
|Apr 1, 2010
|Thoe Gerald A
|Dry Powder Inhalers with Dual Piercing Members and Related Devices and Methods
|Apr 1, 2010
|Rachel Striebig
|Inhalers with airway disks having discrete airway channels and related disks and methods
|Jun 3, 2009
|May 6, 2010
|Daniel Wermeling
|Pharmaceutical compositions comprising an opioid receptor antagonist and methods of using same
|Jul 31, 2008
|Dec 16, 2010
|Herbert Wachtel
|Dec 16, 2010
|Muncy Jr Robert B
|Pill Dispenser and Method
|Feb 6, 2009
|Mar 3, 2011
|University Of Washington
|Circumferential aerosol device
|Jan 14, 2009
|Mar 10, 2011
|Vectura Delivery Devices Limited
|Sep 25, 2009
|Jul 7, 2011
|Ruckdeschel Thomas W
|Inhaler mechanisms with radially biased piercers and related methods
|Sep 25, 2009
|Jul 21, 2011
|David Harris
|Dry Powder Inhalers with Multi-Facet Surface Deagglomeration Chambers and Related Devices and Methods
|Sep 25, 2009
|Aug 4, 2011
|Scott Alexander Lewis
|Dry Powder Inhalers with Rotating Piercing Mechanisms and Related Devices and Methods
|Mar 29, 2011
|Oriel Therapeutics, Inc.
|Dose disk for dry powder inhalers
|Jul 5, 2011
|Oriel Therapeutics, Inc.
|Dry powder inhaler
|Jun 18, 2013
|Oriel Therapeutics, Inc.
|Dry powder inhaler
|Feb 15, 2011
|Jul 2, 2013
|Oriel Therapeutics, Inc.
|Dose disk for a dry powder inhaler
|May 7, 2013
|Aug 19, 2014
|Oriel Therapeutics, Inc.
|Dry powder inhaler
|Jun 25, 2014
|Dec 15, 2015
|Oriel Therapeutics, Inc.
|Dry powder inhaler
|Dec 12, 2003
|Jul 1, 2004
|Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
|Inhalation device for transpulmonary administration
|Sep 8, 2005
|Mar 30, 2006
|Glaxosmithkline Pharmaceuticals S.A.
|Powder inhaler, system for opening and emptying capsules
|Nov 9, 2005
|Jun 15, 2006
|3M Innovative Properties Company
|Single-dose inhalation device
|Dec 12, 2005
|Jul 6, 2006
|3M Innovative Properties Company
|Inhalation devices
|Oct 21, 2005
|Feb 15, 2007
|Manta Devices, Llc
|Inhalation device
|U.S. Classification
|128/203.21, 128/203.23, 604/58, 128/203.15, 128/203.19, 128/203.12
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Aug 3, 1999
Owner name: ING, ERICH PFEIFFER GMBH, GERMANY
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:KAFER, STEFAN;REEL/FRAME:010300/0070
Effective date: 19990719
|Nov 26, 2002
|Certificate of correction
|Apr 13, 2004
|Certificate of correction
|Oct 26, 2005
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Apr 10, 2006
|Reinstatement after maintenance fee payment confirmed
|Jun 6, 2006
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20060409
|Jul 3, 2007
|Surcharge for late payment
|Jul 3, 2007
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Sep 10, 2007
|Patent reinstated due to the acceptance of a late maintenance fee
Effective date: 20070910
|Sep 29, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Dec 14, 2012
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ING. ERICH PFEIFFER GMBH;REEL/FRAME:029467/0773
Effective date: 20120716
Owner name: APTAR RADOLFZELL GMBH, GERMANY
|Oct 2, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Judith Jones & More: October 2011 Kitchen Tours
Judith Jones Makes an Omelet for One (to Share) • 2 Lilian's Sunlit Family Kitchen • 3 Jane's Lush Penthouse Kitchen • 4 Rhiannon's Jadeite Jewel of a Kitchen • 5 Amanda's Smart, Renovated Kitchen BOTTOM ROW • 6 A Visit with Amy Pennington: Gardener and Preserver
* * * Welcome to The Kitchn's Best of 2011 roundup! From December 19 through January 1 we are rounding up some of our favorite (and your favorite) posts from the past year. More of the Best of 2011(Images: See linked posts for full image credits)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Most Britons will lose out in pension shake-up: New flat-rate payouts will mean majority get less, say experts
- Biggest reform of the state pension since it was created
- People will have to make 35 years of National Insurance contributions to qualify for the more generous retirement payments
- By 2060 half of pensioners will be worse off
- Women born between April 6, 1952, and July 6, 1953 will miss out
The majority of Britons will lose out in the long-term from a pensions revolution which could see the retirement age hit 77, it emerged last night.
An official analysis published yesterday admits 51 per cent of pensioners will get a smaller income by 2060 as a result of the change.
Under the shake-up, all Britons will get a 'flat-rate' pension worth £144 a week if they have at least 35 years' of National Insurance contributions.
Shake-up: Pensions minister Steve Webb has told MPs the new system would be fairer and would encourage people to save for their retirement
Suzanne Davey is furious that she and her husband will miss out on the new pension by a few weeks.
Mrs Davey and husband Graham, from Devon, will both start claiming their pension in March 2017, just before the changes kick in in April.
She is one of 430,000 women who will miss out.
She said: 'I'm 60 in June which is when I would have retired originally, but the last government changed it by adding another three years and two months, and then this government came in and added another six months.'Millions will benefit when the changes are introduced – particularly the self-employed and stay-at-home mothers – as ministers create a long-term system that the country can afford.
But many will also lose out – including many of those born after 1970 – because of the way the new payment is calculated.
The long-awaited shake-up comes into effect in April 2017 at the earliest and replaces the fiendishly complicated system which currently traps pensioners into the means-testing net to boost their pension income. The changes mean:
■ The State pension age will rise in line with life expectancy - which is likely to trigger a gradual increase in the age at which people can stop working;
■ Those who have already reached State pension age or are near to retirement will not benefit in any way from the reforms;
■ Nobody will qualify for a penny of the new flat-rate deal until they have worked in Britain for at least ten years;
■ Around seven million workers, mostly in the public sector, will have to pay higher National Insurance contributions;
■ In a further blow, hundreds of thousands of women coming up to retirement will not be eligible for the new flat-rate pension – although men who are the same age will be.
Ministers desperately want to convince up to 11million workers currently being signed up into a company pension scheme for the first time that they will end up better off if they save their own money, rather than rely on the state when they retire.
But – overall – the reforms will create more losers than winners, according to the official analysis in the White Paper, published yesterday.
In 2020, it predicts 14 per cent of Britain's pensioners will be worse off 'by more than £2 per week', rising to 43 per cent by 2050 before reaching a majority of old people by 2060.
Yesterday the Institute for Fiscal
Studies warned: 'The main effect in the long-run will be to reduce
pensions for the vast majority of people.'
It estimates that those who were born from 'about 1970 onwards' will be among the biggest losers. This is because, at present, millions of hard-working Britons get the basic State pension, currently worth £107.45 per week, but also get the additional State second pension to top this up.
The two will be merged to form one flat-rate payout, worth around £144 per week at today's prices.
One of the biggest changes yesterday clears the way for the age at which people can start to claim their state pension to be dramatically increased.
Babies born this year may not get their state pension under the age of 77, according to a prediction by Raj Mody of accountants Pricewaterhouse Coopers.
Under the new system, the State pension age, which used to be 60 for women and 65 for men, will increase in line with life expectancy.
It is already scheduled to rise to 67 by 2028.
As a result, it will increase as a typical Briton lives for longer.
More than a third of babies born this year will live to celebrate their 100th birthday, according to the Office for National Statistics.
Under the system, the Government will review the State pension age every five years, and has promised to give a minimum of ten years' notice before any change is introduced.
Pensions minister Steve Webb said they will try to maintain the proportion of a person's life that he or she spends in work and the amount of time spent in retirement.
Mr Cameron was quizzed on ITV's Daybreak about the Daily Mail's revelation about the new flat rate pension system
In a further blow, hundreds of thousands of women coming up to retirement will not be eligible for the new flat-rate pension – although men who are the same age will be.
Around 430,000 women born in 1952 and 1953 will not be eligible for the new pension since they are due to retire before 2017, before the reforms come into effect.
Men born during the same period, however, will qualify because their State pension age is currently 65.
Shadow pensions minister Gregg McClymont said: 'Ministers have been caught red-handed hiding the truth on pensions reforms.
'Almost half a million women will be nearly £2,000 worse off compared with men, but instead of being honest with the women that will lose out this government tried to bury the truth.'
Changes to the state pension system
Private sector workers who still have final-salary pension schemes are likely to see them closed or made less generous as a result of the shake-up.
Bosses will be given the right to make radical changes to their employees' pensions 'without trustee consent'.
Fund trustees are normally able to argue against changes that will harm the rights of the members of the scheme, but that right will now be curtailed.
However, public sector workers – most of whom belong to defined-benefit schemes – will not be hit by the changes following a pact under which ministers promised they would do nothing to hurt the pension rights of public sector workers for 25 years.
At present, company bosses who offer staff a final-salary pension pay a lower rate of National Insurance contributions. Employees also pay a lower rate of NI. This will end in April 2017 'at the earliest'.
As a result, both workers and their bosses will have to pay a higher rate of National Insurance.
A typical worker – private or public sector – earning the average salary of £25,000 will pay an extra £270 a year.
Employers will pay an extra £657. This reflects a 1.4 percentage point increase in employees' NI and a 3.4 percentage point increase in employers' NI on earnings between £5,668 and £40,040.
The Government's White Paper anticipates private sector firms with final-salary schemes will claw back the extra money they must pay by raising employee contributions further, or reducing benefits.
James Patten, of consultants Aon Hewitt, said: 'Some might feel this is a natural point to call time on defined benefit pension provision [such as a final salary scheme].'
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Author Archives for: Jessica W.
JESSICA WILCOX of Modern Moments admits to being kept awake by new creative ideas. Friends are amazed that she no sooner has a great idea for a new product than it appears on her website – beautiful and ready for customers!
This artistic, high-energy entrepreneur with a degree in business discovered her flair for design as she settled into domestic life in Portland, Oregon, with her husband and first son six years ago. Since then, she's had two more adorable boys and has begun two flourishing design-related businesses, one for custom home décor and one for print goods and party supplies.
Her flair for party details is the reason she is now developing a third business. A lover of "all things cupcake," Jessica not only creates unique party décor but loves to cook savory snacks and bake sweet treats that creatively express the event's theme. Lucky family members get to enjoy her design and culinary creations on a regular basis, and she's now ready to share her party planning brilliance with the world. Watch for it!Follow @jessicawilcox
Summer Kick-off: Crab & Lobster Party
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- Outdoor Parties
Let's celebrate the beginning of summer with a PARTY! That's exactly what Shawna of Shawna Brockmeier Styled Events did as she kicked-off summer with a Crab and Lobster Themed Party. This party looks like it could grace the pages of a Pottery Barn Kids catalog. It was styled perfectly! I'm loving the patriotic color palette […]
{Clever & Modern} "MILKaholic" Sip & See
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- Baby Showers
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Got Milk? Now all you need to do is add the baby! We are totally addicted to this ultra creative "MILKaholic" Sip & See Baby Shower by Carrie Sellman of Half Baked. Using an array of patterns like swiss dots and cow print, plus a basic black and white palette accented with pops of bright […]
Slam Dunk Basketball First Birthday Party
"He shoots, He SCORES!!" and we are going wild about this Basketball Themed Slam Dunk first birthday party by Andrea of Coquette Events. Following her clients lead, Andrea incorporated the family's love for basketball and modern sense of style, while still keeping the party fresh and youthful. From the basketball cake pops and fondant cupcake […]
CAUTION: Sharks! & Scuba Birthday Party
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- Kids Birthday
- Parties for Boys
Du-na, Du-na, Du-na… que the dramatic Jaws music for this amazing Shark/Scuba Birthday Party by Abigail of Paper & Cake. Abigail took inspiration from her son's new obsession – sharks – and created this ultra-creative & colorful birthday party! A few of my favorite details include the homemade scuba tanks, the huge cardboard shark cutout […]
Vintage-Style "Red Scooter" Birthday Party
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- Kids Birthday
- Parties for Boys
I'm seriously OBSESSED with this adorable, vintage-style Scooter Birthday Party that Laurie of Gallamore West created for her son's fourth birthday. Every single detail just makes my heart skip a beat! The details of this party were perfectly designed, from the mini fabric buntings used throughout, to the distressed "Jake" letters adorning the mantel and […]
Modern Beer Tasting Birthday Party
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- Eat & Drink
- Theme Parties
You had me at "Beer Here"…and I'm just loving everything about this BEER TASTING birthday party by Ashley. The concept is so simple, but super fun! What a great way to celebrate a milestone birthday and sample a bunch of unique beers all at the same time! From the cool signage and pub food, to […]


text:
Georgetown Celebrates Football Weekend with Banquet and Blue & Gray Spring Game
Nick Alfieri Named Joe Eacobacci No. 35 Memorial Jersey recipient, while Alfieri, Alec May, Nick Quintans and Mike Roland named captains.
Hoya Notes: From the Desk of Head Football Coach Kevin Kelly
End of the Year Banquet and Blue & Gray Scrimmage
Hoyas Conclude Spring Ball with Awards Banquet, Annual Blue & Gray Scrimmage
Sean Campbell awarded No. 35 Joe Eacobacci Memorial Jersey; Campbell, Dustin Wharton, Isaiah Kempf and Daniel Sprotte named captains
Georgetown Football Has 25 Named to Patriot League Academic Honor Roll
Aaron Aiken, Charles Dann and Donald Rhodes earn recognition for third time
Georgetown Football Hosts Holy Cross for Senior Day and Season-Finale
Hoyas send-off 17 seniors as they go in search of consecutive winning seasons for first time since 1998-99
The ninth player and first offensive lineman to earn the prestigious Joe Eacobacci No. 35 Memorial Jersey.
2011: Appeared in all 11 games, starting each game at right tackle... Helped the Hoyas to the second best scoring offense in the league (27.0 points/game), while paving the way for 1,623 rushing yards and 1,897 passing yards...Also helped the Hoyas to one of the third most efficient red zone offenses in the country, scoring on .920 percent of its opportunities inside the opponents' 20-yard line (36-for-39)...Recovered a fumble in the end zone for his first career touchdown in a win over Davidson... Helped GU produce one of its best rushing outputs during the Kevin Kelly era in a win over Marist, as the team rushed for 279 yards and three touchdowns...Selected as the ninth recipient of the Joe Eacobacci No. 35 Memorial Jersey and just the second offensive player...Will continue to wear No. 60 but will have a No. 35 patch on his jersey throughout the 2012 season.
2010: Appeared in eight games, starting two at center (Bucknell, Sacred Heart) and one game at right guard (Holy Cross) ... Helped the Hoyas' offense compile over 265 yard of total offense in each of his four starts.
2009: Saw action in two games during his freshman season, playing right tackle against Howard and Richmond.
High School: A two-year letterwinner at Bergen Catholic ... Played guard, tackle and defensive tackle ... Earned all-league honors and was named to the Northern New Jersey team as a senior ... Helped lead team to a 9-3 record and a spot in the state championship in 2008 ... Started all 12 games as a senior ... Coached by Fred Stengel
Personal: Born in Hackensack, N.J. ... The son of Vincent and Colleen Sullivan ... His older brother Tim, is a 2003 Georgetown graduate ....His uncle, Paul Wilson, is a 1968 Georgetown graduate and his grandfather, Daniel Murphy, graduated in 1943 and was the captain of the baseball team ... Earned First Honors and was a member of the National Honor Society ... Lists playing in the state championship at Giants Stadium as the most thrilling moment in his athletic career ... Lists his parents as the most influential people in his athletic career ... Favorite team is the New York Jets ... Majoring in government in the college.
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The Georgetown University football team will host Columbia University on Saturday afternoon for a...
Georgetown, Columbia to Renew Lou Little Cup...
The Georgetown University and Columbia University football programs will play the second game of ...
Hunter Kiselick Named STATS FCS National...
Georgetown University football senior defensive lineman Hunter Kiselick (Nutley, N.J./Bergen...
Kiselick Earns Special Teams Player of the Week...
Georgetown University football senior defensive lineman Hunter Kiselick was named the Corvias...
Hoyas Take Down Marist, 20-17
The Georgetown University football team totaled 358 yards of offense, blocked two field goals and...
Georgetown Ready for First Road Test at Marist
The Georgetown University football team hit the road on Friday morning, traveling to Poughkeepsie...
Barnes, McCollum Named Patriot League Honorable...
Georgetown University football senior quarterback Tim Barnes (Oradell, N.J./River Dell Regional) ...
Hoyas Roll to 38-14 Victory in Season Opener
Senior quarterback Tim Barnes threw for career highs of 221 yards and four touchdowns, leading...
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Let me get this straight. Put up with Bernanke's inflation BS by buying groceries online. And how are they going to get to my house ? I don't live in a big city, and the last thing I would do is buy food online. Maybe I should send him a Christmas card and thank him for higher food, gas, commodities , etc. He still won't admit we have inflation. People in Wash. evidently don't buy food or gas. Must be the Liberal way, which I assume you are .


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The Sheikh's Convenient Bride (The O'Connells #4)
by Sandra Marton (Goodreads Author)
Despite his attraction to her, Sheikh Qasim is trying not to take Megan O'Connell to his wealthy but tradition-bound kingdom; women have no status in his homeland. Yet, as no one else has Megan's financial expertise, he is given no choice. Once in Suliyam, Megan finds her life threatened by tribal leaders who think she's a woman of loose morals. The only way Qasim can save ...more
Hardcover, Large Print, 286 pages
Published June 1st 2005 by Thorndike Press
(first published August 1st 2004)
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Apr 16, 2012 Tia rated it really liked it · review of another edition
I've been reading all the O'Connell's series surely but slowly and now that I've made it through all of them but the last one, I have came back to write the reviews while it's still fresh in my mind. I actually kind of crushed on the hero in this novel, despite his attitude he really stepped up to the plate. I enjoyed reading the heroines point of view as well. I have a real thing for "I'm the most awesome powerful sheikh and you must obey me" novels!
Apr 23, 2016 Ana rated it did not like it · review of another edition
Shelves: stupid-heroine
megan is such a bully. she doesn't respect anyone and she thinks that she is always right. one of the worst heroine ever.
Apr 14, 2010 Asrina Maharani rated it liked it · review of another edition
Shelves: terjemahan, harlequin
O'Connels cewek yang paling ga logis yang aku baca tapi bukan yang paling enek ;p
Dec 23, 2012 ~E~ Riverina Romantics rated it really liked it · review of another edition
Shelves: sheikh, contemporary
Review to come
I've been a writer, one way or another, all my life. Before I could read, I made up poems and my mom wrote them down for me. In elementary school, my teachers almost always let me write poems or stories instead of requiring me to do art projects. Always, I dreamed of becoming a published writer...and that dream came true! I write novels about sexy, powerful men and independent-minded women, and wh ...more
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Huit Gables Inn, le Smoky Mountains Premier Country Inn, le seul 4 Diamond, sélectionnez Registre Inn à Gatlinburg propose 21 chambres luxueuses avec salle de bains, télévision par câble, WIFI lits Feathertop, peignoirs moelleux, des téléphones, des équipements personnels et la plupart disposent de la chaleur des foyers et bains à remous. Nos tarifs comprennent un petit déjeuner complet, dessert du soir, et les boissons non alcoolisées du garde-manger. Idéalement niché à quelques minutes de Gatlinburg et Pigeon Forge, notre élégance décontractée et le charme sauront vous séduire. Huit Gables est facilement accessible à des terrains de golf, shopping, Dollywood, théâtres musicaux, rafting, randonnée, sentiers de la nature et de l'équitation et Knoxville est juste trente miles.
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We had such a wonderful time thanks to Guy and Lee. Not only was the grounds and Inn beautiful but the staff was on top of everything. We renewed our vows after 20yrs of marriage and not one thing was left undone. They made everything so special. I have been to Gatlinburg a lot over the past 20yrs and I wish I could have found his place along time ago. Every thing was great from the food to the room and the staff. Take my word this place had everything you need to have a week or a weekend of joy.
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Bed and Breakfast, Country Inn
Jeux de société, Ordinateur, Salles de conférence, Copieur, Fax, Bibliothèque, Piano, Spa, Films, Equipé pour les mariages , AAA 4 diamants Évalué
Climatisation, Réveil, Panier d'agréments, Peignoirs, Lecteur CD, Ventilateurs de plafond, Cafetière/Bouilloire, Lecteur DVD, Bureau, Cheminée, Réfrigérateur , Sèche-cheveux, Jacuzzi, Internet, Planche à repasser, Entrée indépendante, Radio, Réception chaînes satellite, TV, Téléphone, Service de chambre, Magnétoscope, Wi-Fi, Internet par câble
Billard , Canoë, Pistes de ski de fond, Ski alpin , Golf, Sentiers de randonnée , Promenade à cheval, Chasse, Natation, Ping-pong, Terrain de tennis, Location de raquettes tennis
Lynn Dahl
Tables privées pour les couples
Equilibré , Régime particulier , Végétarien Gluten Option gratuite