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Indirizzo emailverificato
Numero di telefono(▒▒▒) ▒▒▒- ▒▒ 64
Recensioni14 recensioni
- Lingue
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- Il simbolo Airbnb di Janelle
Ciao, sono Janelle!
Hi! I'm Janelle, and I'm a concert pianist. I've lived in some pretty amazing places -- Vancouver, New York and Paris -- and I travel a lot for work, but Montreal is home and I love it here. I'm constantly trying new restaurants and going to hear live music, so I have tons of recommendations to share!
Je parle français aussi.
Wish List (1)
Recensioni (14)
Recensioni degli Ospiti
Janelle was a wonderful host; very responsive, and had everything perfectly organized for us even though she couldn't meet with us herself when we arrived. Whenever we had any question, she was quickly available via email. The issue of smoke that was mentioned earlier was not one she could do anything about (neighbours) but she had some great strategies for minimizing the effect and was super up-front about it and gave us the option to cancel if we thought we wouldn't be able to manage it. It wasn't terrible, and the great location and flexibility of Janelle made it totally worthwhile to rent this space and enjoy our Montreal vacation.
We had a very nice stay at Janelle's apartment. The neighborhood was very nice; the patio facing the backyard with other apartments' patios, one could see other people sitting, eating, drinking, having conversations. Very social feeling. We enjoyed that. The apartment itself was a bit old but everything functioning. There were a number of nice music sets in each room, lot's of CDs to choose from, lots of interesting books to read. Janelle is a is very kind host. She walked back from her office to welcome us although we came in much earlier then we anticipated. She had bought us cheese and Montreal Bagels which we enjoyed very much. She gave us also a couple of tickets to the Muse Des Beaux Art; there was a special exhibition of Rodin. Nearby there is the Atwater market; a must see. Rue Notre Dame has a lot of restaurants. But our favorite place was Joe's place on Rue St. Antoine one block from where we stayed: warm atmosphere. nice food, they even had life music on the weekend which we unfortunately missed. Thanks Janelle for everything. We liked your music. Wish you all the best. Dilek+Sonat
Janelle was very accommodating and responded quickly to all of our questions. Her apartment is located in a convenient neighborhood that's close to downtown and public transit with lots of places to go for food and drink.
My experience in this place was mostly positive. The place is close to the metro, market and many streets worth checking out. I stayed here for about to weeks. I had reserved this place about two months prior. Janelle was a great and friendly host. However less than a week before arriving to the apartment, I was notified about the cigarette smoke from the downstairs neighbor that travels up somehow. I would have liked to have been advised about the cigarette smell/smoke many weeks before. I felt like I had no choice of switching to another apartment, because this notice was extremely last minute. The smell is mostly is the bathroom. Have the bathroom door closed at all times if you are staying in this location. The air quality in this apartment is not good, even with the windows open. The host had bought an air filter to facilitate this problem, but it doesn't help much. My friend from Montreal that would visit me in this apartment developed a chronic cough because of the air quality. So we avoided staying in this apartment for extended period of time. I ended up leaving this place from 4 nights, in order to get a good night go sleep and clean air. This is not the host's fault, but I would like to have been advised about this issue prior to one week before arriving.
I'm terribly sorry for Pablo's experience. My downstairs neighbours moved in on May 1 and the apartment was empty from April 27-May 23 as I was away for work. As soon as I was notified about the problem I contacted Pablo to let him know, I spoke to the neighbours themselves and asked them to refrain from smoking in the house, and I bought an air purifier. I also texted Pablo a few days after his arrival to check and see that everything was okay. My landlords are actively trying to remove the neighbours who are causing this problem, and I will block my airbnb calendar until such time as they have left. In the meantime, I have offered Pablo a refund for the 4 nights he spent elsewhere. I only wish that Pablo had communicated the problem directly with me as it was unfolding.
We can recommend this very cosy, clean and spacious apartment, we felt at home immediately. We enjoyed jogging and cycling (bike hire) at Lachine Canal and there are many restaurants and cafés next to Atwater Market. Express Bus to Airport and Metro within 3 minutes walking distance. Janelle is a reliable and straightforward host.
Janelle was very good at planning and coordinating our stay at her place. We stayed very comfortably and we had no problems. Everything was clean and cozy and it is located in a perfect location between the airport and downtown area, with easy access to the public transit system. We enjoyed our comfortable stay and would do it again and recommend it. Thanks Janelle!
This is a great location for exploring the Little Burgundy neighbourhood, Atwater market and Lachine Canal. The apartment is as described and Janelle was very easy to communicate with.
My husband and I spent seven days in Janelle's apartment. We had a wonderful time. The Metro, is only a few minutes from Janelle's front door. The amazing Atwater Market is just a few minutes further. Janelle was in Europe at the time and she arranged for her friend to be there to meet us. Everything was perfect including the lovely bottle of wine she put in the fridge. Our emails to Janelle were answered promptly. She is a very reliable host and we highly recommend Janelle's apartment.
The apartment was lovey: spacious rooms, good light, comfortable bed, full equipped kitchen and so convenient to the Metro! The street was quiet and we easily found parking, allowing us to ditch the car for the weekend and ride the Metro around town. We really enjoyed staying there and would return in a heartbeat. Our only issue was with the upstairs neighbors who have two loud dogs and a penchant for midnight vacuuming--clueless that they have people below them trying to sleep. Bring earplugs just in case.
If you're familiar with Montreal style living, you will love this apartment! It's in a very convenient spot, with lots of space and a homey feel. There is a shady back gallery perfect for sitting out and enjoying a cup of coffee while feeling part of the neighbourhood. Very close to a metro hub so easy to get around town. Janelle is a gracious host, welcoming and organized. Definitely recommended for the true Montreal experience.
Recensioni degli Host
I would highly recommend Jannelle to any other hosts. She's the perfect guests. Communicated well regarding check-in and meeting up. Was respectful of the apartment. Thank you, come back any time !
Janelle is a great guest. It was easy to get in contact with her. I would recommend her.
fantastic guest.
Referenze (1)
I've known Janelle for almost 10 years as we were both in music school together in NY. She's adventurous, hospitable, fun, and takes good care of her apartment. I've been a lucky guest in her place on many occasions and I recommend it to anyone. The location is fantastic....just 20 minutes on a bus to and from the airport....3 minute walk from the Metro station which is about a 5 minute ride to bus and train station. Feel free to message me if you have any specific questions. Best, Kimball


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As the nation marks National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month this March, the American Cancer Society is encouraging Americans to get lifesaving screening tests that have been proven to reduce the risk of the third leading cause of cancer death in both men and women.
According to the recent Annual Report to the Nation on cancer, progress continues to be made in the fight against colorectal cancer (commonly referred to as colon cancer), with incidence and mortality rates continuing to experience a steady decline due in part to an increase in screening. From 1998 to 2005, colon cancer incidence dropped by 2.8% per year in men and 2.2% per year in women. Deaths rates have fallen by 4.3% in both men and women from 2002 to 2005. The American Cancer Society recommends routine screening for men and women starting at age 50, and earlier testing for those at higher than average risk. Regularly scheduled screening can not only detect cancer at an early and more treatable stage, but can also prevent cancer from developing by removing precancerous polyps before they become cancerous. Despite evidence showing colorectal screening can save lives and the availability of several options for patients, only about half of the U.S. population aged 50 and older has been tested recently for colon cancer. Among those who have not been screened for colon cancer, reasons include lack of access to affordable care, and that clinicians are not recommending screening when they should. Other barriers include lack of knowledge of the importance of screening, of the treatability of colon cancer when detected early, and of available testing options. Screening is critical as more than half of all colon cancer deaths could be prevented if everyone who should get screened did so. "Colon cancer is one of the only cancers that can be prevented through regular testing" said Durado Brooks, M.D., director of prostate and colorectal cancer, American Cancer Society. "The declines in incidence and mortality from colorectal cancer can be attributed to prevention and early detection of the disease through screening, as well as increasingly effective treatment." In March 2008, the American Cancer Society, along with the American College of Radiology and the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer released the first-ever consensus guidelines for colorectal screening. The guidelines now include two new tests – stool DNA and CT colonography, also known as virtual colonoscopy. The guidelines also for the first time indicate a preference for screening tests that can not only detect cancer early but also detect precancerous polyps before they turn cancerous. One major barrier to colon cancer screening is a lack of health insurance. Many studies show that people who are uninsured are substantially less likely to be screened for colon cancer – while nearly half (48.3 percent) of men and women ages 50 to 64 with private insurance had a recommended colon cancer screening test in the past 10 years, only one in five (18.8 percent) of those who lacked insurance had received recommended screening. In addition, insurance status strongly influences survival among those diagnosed with colon cancer – individuals with private insurance who are diagnosed with Stage II colon cancer have better survival outcomes than individuals who are uninsured or receive Medicaid and are diagnosed with Stage I. The American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network, the advocacy affiliate of the American Cancer Society, is working to pass the Colorectal Cancer Prevention, Early Detection and Treatment Act. This legislation establishes a program administered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that would provide vital colon cancer screenings, treatment and follow-up services to low-income, uninsured and underinsured men and women ages 50 to 64. Additionally, this program will support training for health providers based on research that has shown physician recommendation is a critical factor for patients in deciding to get screening tests, and will support public information and education programs for the prevention and detection of colon cancer and promoting the benefits of cancer screenings targeted both at the general public and medically underserved populations. A number of lifestyle factors impact colon cancer risk. Studies indicate that men and women who are overweight are more likely to develop and die from colon cancer, and a diet high in red or processed meat is known to increase risk of developing the disease. Studies also show that high levels of physical activity may cut the risk of colon cancer in half. The American Cancer Society recommends engaging in moderate activity for at least 30 minutes on five or more days per week and substituting high consumption of red and processed meat with a healthy diet rich in plant sources, whole grains, and five or more servings of fruits and vegetables. Age remains the most important risk factor for colon cancer. Risk increases with age, with more than 90 percent of cases diagnosed in individuals aged 50 and older. A personal or family history of the disease also increases risk. An estimated 148,810 cases of colorectal cancer were expected to occur in 2008, and 49,960 deaths were also expected. The American Cancer Society is the nationwide, community-based, voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer as a major health problem by preventing cancer, saving lives, and diminishing suffering from cancer, through research, education, advocacy, and service. For more information anytime, call (800) ACS-2345 or visit www.cancer.org
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HourlyHours to be determined
Entry Level
Start DateMarch 27, 2014
I need someone to send emails to all people on a list I provide. Very simple work.
Looking for someone very cheap.
About the Client
United States
Reston 06:42 AM
Jobs Posted
51% Hire Rate, 1 Open Job
Total Spent
28 Hires, 2 Active
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Victoria Justice
Victoria Justice Describes Auditioning with 'Oily Men' for Rocky Horror Picture Show Remake: 'It Was a Dream Come True'
Originally posted 08/08/2016 11:00PM
Victoria Justice was in fifth grade when she saw The Rocky Horror Picture Show for the first time and told her agent when she learned of the upcoming Fox remake, "I have to be a part of this."
The actress, who will play Janet in the remake of the 1975 musical film, explained her auditioning process at the Television Critics Association press tour in Beverly Hills on Monday.
"I had heard my agent one time mentioned in the past that Fox is doing a remake and I was like, 'Wait what? Are you kidding me? I have to be a part of this,'" the 23-year-old said of the project, slated to hit the small screen this fall. "I auditioned and screen-tested, had to read with some oily men who auditioned for Rocky, and I got to sing 'Touch Me.' It really was a dream come true."
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See Laverne Cox as Dr. Frank-N-Furter in The Rocky Horror Picture Show Remake
Originally posted 05/12/2016 11:15AM
See Victoria Justice and Lingerie-Clad Ryan McCartan on Set of Rocky Horror Picture Show Remake
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Orthopaedic Surgeon, Surgical Specialist
South Anchorage
1544 Hidden Ln
Anchorage, AK 99501 Phone number & directions
1544 Hidden Ln
Anchorage, AK 99501 Phone number & directions
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Metastatic Melanoma Patient Education Learn all about metastatic melanoma symptoms and treatments by reading Vitals patient education guide.Before Visiting Dr. Mills Learn More
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Dr. William Mills, MD is board certified in Orthopaedic Surgery.
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Dr. Mills graduated from Stanford University.
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Laura Ramsey
Laura Ramsey is an American film and television actress. She is best known for her roles as Olivia in 2006's She's the Man, Stacy in the 2008 film The Ruins, Audrey Dawn in the 2009 movie Middle Men, and as Ellie O'Hara in 2011's Kill the Irishman.... more on Wikipedia
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Mexican studio Escobedo Soliz has installed a web of brightly hued rope at the MoMA PS1 gallery in Queens, New York. More »
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Kéré Architecture suspends colourful strings from ceiling of Philadelphia art museum
For his first solo exhibition in the USA, Berlin-based architect Diébédo Francis Kéré has created a rainbow-coloured installation made of thousands of strands of lightweight cord (+ slideshow). More »
Bertjan Pot weaves shoelaces around inner tubes to create inflatable seats for Nike
Milan 2016: in our final movie from Nike's The Nature of Motion show, designer Bertjan Pot explains how he created a series of "resting pods" by weaving basket-like structures around inner tubes from different vehicles. More »
Roderick Pieters' Loper shoes are assembled with rope rather than glue
Kengo Kuma anchors Japanese textile showroom to the ground with carbon-fibre threads
Kengo Kuma's firm has converted a concrete office building into a showroom for a Japanese textile company, and tethered it to the ground with carbon fibres to provide earthquake protection (+ slideshow). More »
Rolf Sachs suspends chunk of rock inside Saltz restaurant
A wall of salt, railway clocks and a rock hung from red climbing ropes all feature in artist Rolf Sachs' Swiss-influenced restaurant at Zürich's The Dolder Grand hotel (+ slideshow). More »
Gabriel Calatrava designs stretchy rope installation for classical music performance
Architect Gabriel Calatrava, son of Santiago Calatrava, has designed a rope installation for a performance of Johann Sebastian Bach's chamber music for the 92Y cultural center in New York (+ slideshow). More »
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Three enormous helium balloons supported the hazardous elevated pathway of Olivier Grossetête's Pont de Singe, the letter P in our alphabetical countdown of iconic bridge design. More »
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A twisted employee has a bad case of the Mondays and decides to pull a prank that is below the belt.
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I thought this was a pretty cool video to watch. It shows in an ultra fast speed all the steps involved while building an Airbus A340.
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Not exactly sure what's going on here but they seem to have it all figured out.
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This guy freaks out over being recorded at work, yelling "Don't record me!" Seriously? It can't be that big a secret that you work there.
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Halsbury's™ Legal Terms
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In this movie, we're going to further modify our action by adding a step that converts the image to the CMYK color space, and then turns around and saves that version of the image to yet another folder. That way we protect the layered RGB version of the image that contains the Adjustment layer as well as the two Smart Filters. So, first thing you want to do is make sure Convert for Prepress is selected, and then click on the Record button to add more steps to the end of the action.
Now you can convert the image to CMYK by going up to the Image menu, choosing Mode and choosing CMYK Color. But that's going to give you a series of three irritating alert messages, and it's not really the best way to work. So what I'd like you to do instead is go up to the Edit menu and choose this command way down here, Convert to Profile. And now at this point, if you're working with a printer who has provided you with a CMYK Profile, you can select that from this Destination Space list.
If not, just go ahead and select Working CMYK, which is going to be up here way at the top of the list. Here in the States by default that's going to give you US Web Coated SWOP V2. And then later if you do get a profile from your printer, you can switch it out here inside the action. You want to make sure that the engine is set to Adobe ACE, and that's by default. Intent can be Relative Color Metric or Perceptual, it's totally your choice. Perceptual does a better job of maintaining smooth gradients.
Relative Color Metric is going to do a better job of hanging on to the actual colors, but it's unlikely that you're going to notice a difference. Then make sure Use Black Point Compensation is turned on. I like to turn Dither off, and that way, if I have any flat areas of color inside my image, I'm not introducing a dither pattern. And finally, you want to turn on this last check box, Flatten Image to Preserve Appearance. Because otherwise, you're going to still have an Adjustment layer that's not going to work properly.
Then go ahead and click OK, and you will create a single merge layer over here inside the Layers panel, which is not the same thing as a flat image by the way. We need this image to be absolutely flat if we're going to hand it off to either a designer to put inside of an InDesign document, for example, or if we're going to hand it off directly to a printer. And to make it flat, go up to the Layer menu and choose Flatten Image. Or, if you loaded Dkeys, you can press that keyboard shortcut of Mash Your Fist A, and then you'll end up with a flat background here inside the Layers panel.
All right, now of course we want to save this image to a new location, so go up to the File menu and choose the Save As command. And then, back up to the actions folder, in which you'll see this sub folder called CMYK flat for print. And again, that's just a placeholder folder for you, it doesn't have anything in it yet. And so go ahead and double-click on it. And instead of saving to the PSD format, go ahead and switch to TIFF. And the reason is pretty much as simple as that's how it's done.
When you're sending out CMYK images, both Prepress professionals and designers expect TIFF files. Then go ahead and click on the Save button. And here inside the TIFF options dialog box, make sure LZW is turned on to apply Loss List Compression. And then you leave the other options alone. This one you don't want to mess with. And Byte Order can actually be either IBM PC or Macintosh. Now I'll click OK in order to save off that file. All right, we're done recording the action, so you can click on the Stop button or press the Esc key.
And now let's try out the action on this other file that I've got open. And what I'm going to do here is just to make sure everything's the way it should be, because I'm seeing a little asterisk after the file name up here in the Title tab. So I'll go up to the File menu and choose the Revert command, just to make sure everything's exactly the way it wants to be. Now, you don't want to play the entire action on this file because it'll ruin it. Because the first portion of the action, all these steps right here, have all ready been performed. So instead you just want to click on this guy, convert to Pro File Current Document.
And if you troll that open, you'll see that's where we made the CMYK image. And then Shift-Click on the Save Steps. So just those last three steps. And then click on the Play button in order to play them off, and we'll end up with this version of the file right here. Now again, it's hard to tell if the action totally worked. We can see that we have CMYK files up here in the title tabs but we don't know if they got saved after the right folder. So just to confirm go up to the File menu and choose Browse in Bridge once again, and then switch from this RBG layer subfolder to this CMYK Flat for Print folder.
And sure enough, you should have, if you're working right along with me, a couple of TIFF files. One for and one for my changes so far. All right, so by now we've managed to create an action that prepares an image for not only a local printer but for Prepress as well. In the next movie, we'll use this action to batch process an entire folder full of images.
- Creating professional-quality effects with expertly combined art filters
- Creating a dimensional watermark with lighting effects
- Correcting for camera shake with the Shake Reduction filter
- Removing distortion from a GoPro photo
- Correcting a panorama with the Adaptive Wide Angle filter
- Animating text with Puppet Warp
- Adding transitions, text, and sound to videos
- Creating an authentic HDR portrait shot
- Managing and leveraging advanced layer options
- Recording automatic actions and batch processing


text:
|Boxing Champions | Boxing Schedule | Boxing Video | Boxing History | Pound For Pound | Lounge | The Wire | Arcade
Join Date: Dec 2007
Location: Wales
Posts: 13,150
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Do you punch hard or have a good chin?
I haven't been boxing in years but I feel like I pack a decent punch, chin? Really untested. I've had many street fights in my youth and sparred a lot and never been hurt but never taken one right on the chin. Infact If I hit myself (lightly) on my chin I can feel the effect
So are you Mike Tyson with a bit of Amir Khan? Or Malignaggi with Margarito on the side? Or Tyson with Margarito's chin?
Join Date: Jul 2007
Location: Seattle
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The power of Malignaggi with the chin of Enzo Maccarinelli
Join Date: Aug 2009
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My chin has never been tested, lemme find out how good it is.
..Playa by Nature..
Join Date: Jul 2009
Location: here and there
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my chin is pretty good...have sparred and fought much bigger men who have told me I could take their best, never felt buzzed and was never knocked down, but have been hurt by a couple of good body shots...about my power I don't really know tbh...I've scored a few kds in sparring but I personally believe that was more due to timing than heavy hands as I usually catch the guys coming in
Join Date: Dec 2011
Location: Milwaukee, WI
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I've been rocked by a couple heavyweights but other than that I can take pretty much whatever so I think my chin is pretty good. My left hand is a total joke but my right makes up for it, I really only use the jab to set up my right hand anyway.
Undisputed Champion
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I have malignaggi power on both hands but as for chin, I have never been tested before
Undisputed Champion
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I think I punch decently hard for my weight. I've never actually fought though. I have punched myself right on the chin to see if I could take one, and even punching myself at like 30% I felt my brain rattle. I'm willing to admit I'd be more of a Khan.
KO Artist
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Been told I have heavy hands. Good straight right, alright overhand, good lead left hook. Not as much handspeed as some. Most guys I've sparred/fought either playied a mw routine with trunk rotations and movement, or tried to swarm me to lower my output. Otherwise they get pummeled.
Chin good. 180, I only really been buzzed by a hw. My nose aint been broken but ppl sure have tried.
Interim Champion
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malinagi power and an amir khan chin
Undisputed Champion
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Location: OZONE PARK QUEENS NEW YORK CITY
Age: 28
Posts: 8,051
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im 6ft2 160 good power , chin un tested
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Energy Management Companies in Louisiana
Current filtering criteriaYou can remove a filter by clicking on the x
Rawson Inc
Office in Baton Rouge, LOUISIANA (USA)
Rawson Inc. is a manufacturers` stocking representative serving the instrumentation, valve and control product needs of the Southern United States and Mexico. Rawson provides sales, service and inventory from offices that are strategically located to meet the special needs of customers.
based in LOUISIANA (USA)
The Entronix Energy Management Platform provides enterprise level, real-time monitoring of several types of meters including power, water, gas and BTU. This 100% `cloud-based` system provides advanced analytic reporting to designated personnel via their Internet-connected PC, laptop, table, or smartphone. . Up to 40 meters at each location can be connected to a single ...
Environmental Technical Sales, Inc.
based in Baton Rouge, LOUISIANA (USA)
Environmental Technical Sales, Inc. is a manufacturers representative organization that is focused on the water treatment, wastewater treatment, sludge handling and air emission markets. By concentrating on these related areas, we can carry a broad range of product lines, thereby allowing us to offer optimum solutions. ETEC seeks out manufacturers that not only produce ...
Parson and Sanderson, Inc.
based in Metairie, LOUISIANA (USA)
Parson and Sanderson, Inc. is a full service manufacturer`s representative firm actively involved in the promotion, sales and service of equipment and systems for the commercial, industrial and municipal markets in the state of Louisiana and Mississippi. We represent the finest products available and provide the best service and overall value to the markets we serve. ...
CST Industries Inc
Distributor in Baton Rouge, LOUISIANA (USA)
CST Industries, Inc., is the complete storage system provider for engineering and manufacturing professionals in thousands of different industries and applications throughout the world. The company is the global leader in the manufacture and construction of factory coated metal storage tanks, aluminum domes and specialty covers. CST`s existing company portfolio consists ...
ESP Facility and Pipeline Services Inc
based in LA, LOUISIANA (USA)
ESP provides services from FEED to decommissioning of an asset or pipeline. From engineering to technical services. Services include hydrostatic/pnuematic integrity inspection, nitrogen services, hydraulic bolting services, commissioning and startup expertise, environmental services and various other industry services.
Trinity Consultants
Office in Baton Rouge, LOUISIANA (USA)
For over 30 years, Trinity Consultants has assisted industrial facilities nationwide with a myriad of environmental issues. Our regulatory compliance services include air permitting, air dispersion modeling, and compliance auditing. We also provide environmental management services related to compliance management, ISO 14001 compliance, and emissions trading. In addition, ...
Gulf States Engineering Co., Inc.
based in Covington, LOUISIANA (USA)
Polychem Systems sales representative in Mississippi and Lousiana regional areas of the USA.
Hernandez Consulting, LLC
based in New Orleans, LOUISIANA (USA)
Hernandez Consulting, LLC has offices in both New Orleans, Louisiana and Miami, Florida and is in the business of providing Management Consulting, Security Services and Logistics solutions to the Government Sector. Hernandez Consulting, LLC is classified as a Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Company, 8(a) / Small Disadvantaged Minority-Owned Business, and a HUBZone ...
COMM Engineering
based in Lafayette, LOUISIANA (USA)
Comm engineering is a privately-held corporation headquartered in lafayette, louisiana usa. comm serves a worldwide base of customers through satellite offices in houston, texas and denver, colorado. from environmental services and regulatory permitting to facility design, optimization and installation of emissions control equipment, comm engineering has all of the ...
AKSA Power Generation
based in West Monroe, LOUISIANA (USA)
Aksa USA was founded in 2010 and is headquartered in West Monroe, LA. As a global leader in the standby power systems industry, Aksa Power Generation has brought our manufacturing strengths to America in order to be the high quality and competitive price leader within our market segment. Aksa Power Generation has been manufacturing industrial generators for over thirty ...
Distributor in LOUISIANA (USA)
The ANDRITZ GROUP is a global market leader in the supply of plants, equipment, and services for hydropower stations, the pulp and paper industry, for solid/liquid separation in the municipal and industrial sectors, the steel industry, as well as for the production of animal feed and biomass pellets.The Group also offers a variety of other products, such as pumps, ...
RWL Water LLC
Distributor in Covington, LOUISIANA (USA)
RWL Water provides desalination, water, wastewater, waste-to-energy, recovery & reuse, and food & beverage processing solutions to municipalities and industries. The Company's internationally experienced and highly responsive team is dedicated to delivering leading edge solutions globally.
United Rentals Inc.
Office in New Iberia, LOUISIANA (USA)
Founded in 1997, United Rentals is the largest equipment rental company in the world, with a store network nearly three times the size of any other provider, and locations in 49 states and 10 Canadian provinces, and $8.44 billion OEC of rental fleet including 3,300 classes of equipment. Our diverse customer base includes construction and industrial companies, utilities, ...
MOCON - Baseline
Distributor in LOUISIANA (USA)
MOCON®-Baseline® offers the ultimate environmental measurement solutions package. With a complete line of gas analysis equipment that is ideal for Toxic Workplace Gas and Indoor Air Quality Monitoring, Environmental Source Monitoring and Ambient Air Networks. With measurement solutions for BTEX, total hydrocarbons, methane / nonmethane, as well as many others. Also, ...
Turner Designs Hydrocarbon Instruments, Inc.
Distributor in Baton Rouge, LOUISIANA (USA)
Turner Designs Hydrocarbon Instruments, Inc. are specialists in the measurement and monitoring of oil in water. We are experts in the application of UV Fluorescence technology to the monitoring and analyzing of produced water and other oily wastewater. We provide state-of-the-art continuous on-line oil in water analyzers as well as bench-top single sample analyzers. ...


text:
Special Olympics USA 2014 Kicks Off Sunday in NJ [AUDIO]
Special athletes from across the country will be making their way to New Jersey on Sunday for the start of the 2014 Special Olympics USA.
Special athletes from across the country will be making their way to New Jersey on Sunday for the start of the 2014 Special Olympics USA.
LOS ANGELES (AP) — Donald Sterling won't get to fight for his Los Angeles Clippers in front of NBA owners next week. His only chance now is in court.
Donald Sterling and the NBA are headed toward a hearing that will determine if he remains owner of the Los Angeles Clippers.
Eric LeGrand will address commencement at Rutgers University along with former Governor Tom Kean.
An Ocean County man is Boston Marathon's handcycling champion.
Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, the boxer whose wrongful murder conviction became an international symbol of racial injustice, has died at 76.
The U.S. got off to a bad start in the opening round of the new team figure skating event at the Sochi Olympics.
The FBI says a powder mailed to several locations in New York and New Jersey, including at least five hotels near the site of Sunday's Super Bowl, appears not to be dangerous.
New Jersey Division of Consumer Affairs officials warn Super Bowl fans they can get taken by scammers if they're not careful.
Holy Cross University has concluded that allegations of abuse brought by a Tinton Falls woman against the longtime head coach of the women's basketball team have "no legal merit."
Regardless of which teams represent the National Football League in Super Bowl XLVIII, the uniforms of the Rutgers Scarlet Knights will be on the field.
Brick Township's championship football and girl's gymnastics teams will be honored with a celebratory bonfire tonight.


text:
Google was expected to report big third quarter profits, and they delivered. But today's earnings even topped analysts estimates by a wide margin, as Google reported revenues of $7.29 billion, an increase of 23 percent compared to Q3 2009.
Here's a breakdown of the Q3 results:
Google Sites Revenues
Google-owned sites generated revenues of $4.83 billion, (67 percent of total revenues), a 22 percent increase over Q3 2009 revenues of $3.96 billion.
Google Network Revenues
Google's partner sites generated revenues, through AdSense programs, of $2.2 billion (30 percent of total revenues), a 22 percent increase from Q3 2009 network revenues of $1.8 billion.
International Revenues
Revenues from outside of the United States totaled $3.77 billion (52 percent of total revenues), compared to 52% in Q2 2010 and 53 percent in Q3 2009.
Revenues from the United Kingdom totaled $840 million (12 percent of revenues, compared to 13 percent in Q3 2009.
Paid Clicks
As predicted, aggregate paid clicks, which include clicks related to ads served on Google sites and the sites of Google's AdSense partners, increased about 16 percent over Q3 2009 and increased about 4 percent over Q2 2010.
Estimates were low here, as the average cost-per-click, which includes clicks related to ads served on Google sites and Google AdSense partner sites, increased about 3 percent over the Q3 2009 and increased approximately 2 percent over the Q2 2010.
As of Sept. 30, cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities were $33.4 billion.
Worldwide, Google employed 23,331 full-time employees as of Sept. 30. Google added nearly 1,200 employees during Q3, including 300 via acquisitions, and Google plans to continue hiring aggressively.
Display Ads
During an earnings call this afternoon, Google for the first time revealed revenue data on display and mobile advertising. Display ads (Google's Display Network and DoubleClick non-text ads and YouTube ads) are expected to rake in more than $2.5 billion in revenue this year. However, Google refused to reveal whether YouTube was actually making any money from the company.
Mobile Ads
Mobile ads will add $1 billion in annual revenue this year. Google said that mobile searches aren't "cannibalizing" the company's online search business. Google called this the "future of search."
Google Instant
Google said the impact of Instant search on revenue has been minimal, but says users "love it." Also, Instant will be on mobile phones later this year.
Regarding social, CEO Eric Schmidt almost sounded like he was describing what Bing and Facebook are trying to do with Bing's new personalized search results, saying that Google will add additional social ranking clues. "We want to make search more personal," he said. "And as we get more information about who your friends are we can make the search that much better. We are quite convinced that creates better search results for people who chose to give us that information."
Related reading
12 companies hit with a Google manual penalty
Just in case you're ever tempted to try a few black-hat practices to manipulate your search positions in Google, here are 12 tales to persuade you otherwise.
Google AMP is coming to organic search results – Update!
Six months ago, Google's Accelerated Mobile Pages initiative was only available in the 'Top Stories' carousel of it search results. Now Google has announced that AMP support will be rolled out across the entire organic search results page.
Yelp vs. Google vs. Facebook Reviews: which should you focus on and why?
If you are handling the marketing for a small business, it can be a challenge to decide where review efforts should be spent.
Guide to Google ranking signals – Part 3: quality content
An algorithm won't judge for personal taste, but there are some technical things you can do to make sure your content is deemed 'quality', not just to spider crawlers but also real human readers too.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 8, 1991
|Filing date
|Oct 31, 1989
|Priority date
|Oct 31, 1989
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Jason C. Reed, Dennis M. Bushnell, Leonard M. Weinstein
|Original Assignee
|The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (12), Referenced by (31), Classifications (9), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The invention described herein was made jointly in the performance of work under a NASA Contract and by an employee of the United States Government. In accordance with 35 USC 202, the contractor elected not to retain title.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to systems wherein a liquid flows along a surface of a body. It relates particularly to a process for reducing skin friction, inhibiting the effects of liquid turbulence, and decreasing heat transfer in systems wherein a liquid flows along a surface of a body.
2. Description of Related Art
Skin friction drag accounts for a sizable portion of the hull drag for both surface and fully submerged marine vehicles. Reducing this drag component would have the obvious advantages of increased speed and/or efficiency. One approach to skin friction drag reduction involves using a film or discrete layer of air at the wall to take advantage of the greatly lower density of a near wall gas phase to interfere with the momentum transfer mechanism responsible for skin friction.
While various methods of introducing a near wall air layer in water flow have been attempted, a stable, optimized air layer has never been successfully maintained at speed. Some of the most promising results have been achieved by injecting microbubbles into the turbulent boundary layer. McCormick and Bhattacharyya achieved drag reduction on a body of revolution by creating bubbles on the surface by electrolysis. (McCormick, M. E.; and Bhattacharyya, R.: Drag Reduction of a Submersible Hull by Electrolysis. Naval Engineers Journal, April, 1973.) More recently, Madavan et al, have completed several studies which yielded microbubble friction reductions. See: Madavan, N. K.; Deutsch, S.; and Merkle, C. L.: Reduction of Turbulent Skin Friction by Microbubbles. Phys. Fluids, Vol. 27, No. 11, February, 1984; Madavan, N. K.; Deutsch S.; Merkle, C. L.: The Effects of Porous Material on Microbubble Skin Friction Reduction. AIAA 22nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting, January 1984, Reno, Nev. AIAA Paper No. 84-0348.; and Madavan, N. H.; Deutsch, S.; and Merkle, C. L.: Measurements of Local Skin Friction in a Microbubble-Modified Turbulent Boundary Layer. J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 156, 1985, pp. 237-256.
While these large friction reductions in themselves are impressive, microbubble injection has serious complications which prevent it from being totally viable as a full scale drag reduction method. The main concerns are: (a) buoyancy--the tendency for the bubble sheet to migrate out from the wall several tens of boundary layer thicknesses downstream of the injection point, and (b) the large volumetric air flow requirement to achieve significant friction reduction. Due to dispersion effects such as turbulence, buoyancy and viscous lift, the boundary layer must, for all practical purposes, be filled with microbubbles--a condition which at ship hull depths requires prohibitively large amounts of pumping energy. Accordingly, a thin, low volume sheet of air located at the wall where the velocity gradient is largest and the skin friction is produced would be optimum to yield friction reductions on the order of those achieved by microbubble injection but at a significantly lower air flow rate/power requirement. The production of such is the primary object of the present invention.
Madavan et al in "Reduction of Turbulent Skin Friction by Microbubbles," supra, disclose a procedure of introducing microbubbles into a boundary layer. However, they do not comprehend using grooves and/or selecting surface characteristics in order to retain the air at the water and solid interface. Because of dispersion effects such as turbulence, buoyancy, and viscous lift, the air bubbles float away from the boundary surface. Consequently, to ensure a layer of air bubbles at the surface in effect requires filling the entire depth of the hull of a ship with microbubbles. Such a procedure uses a prohibitive amount of pumping energy.
Bushnell in "Turbulent Drag Reduction for External Flows," AIAA Paper No. 83-0227, examines various methods of reducing drag. Bushnell independently discusses the use of riblets and the use of gas bubbles at the boundary layer to reduce skin friction drag. Bushnell, however, does not combine the two to create a grooved surface which more effectively retains a layer of gas.
Walsh, U.S. Pat. No. 4,706,910 discloses a method of reducing drag which uses micro-geometry longitudinal grooving of the flow surface. Walsh differs from the present invention because Walsh uses the grooves themselves to reduce surface drag, whereas the present invention uses surface grooves as a means of retaining gas at a boundary layer. Walsh makes no mention of using gas in combination with the grooves to reduce skin friction drag.
McCormick, U.S. Pat. No. 3,957,008, discloses a method of using electrolysis to generate hydrogen and other gases which are mixed with water in the boundary layer of a ship along the entire wetted surface of the hull thereof. McCormick differs from the present invention in that it makes no use of a grooved surface to more effectively retain air at a boundary layer. Rather, McCormick relies solely on a series of pairs of wires placed transversely along the centerline of the hull. The wires produce gases which mix with water in the boundary layer along the entire wetted surface of the hull, thereby reducing drag. In contrast, the present invention uses grooves and selects surface characteristics in order to more effectively maintain gas at the boundary layer.
The present invention is a process for reducing skin friction, inhibiting the effects of liquid turbulence, and decreasing heat transfer in systems involving liquid flow along a surface of a body. It has special utility in the development of marine vehicles. According to the present invention, a substantially integral sheet or array of tubes of a gas, e.g., air, is applied adjacent to the surface of a body, e.g., a marine vehicle, to reduce the interaction of liquid, e.g., water, with the surface of the body, e.g., the hull of the marine vehicle. Especially beneficial results are obtained when the following conditions are met: (a) the nature and character of the surface of the body are selected so that the contact or wetting angle of the liquid therewith is at a maximum; and (b) the geometry of the surface of the body is selected so that contact of liquid with the surface occurs over a minimum area. Under these conditions the contact or wetting angle of the liquid is such that the integrity of the gas sheet or tube is maintained in a position adjacent to the surface of the body. In this regard it is especially advantageous if the sheet or tube of gas is applied tangentially to the surface of the body. Moreover, surfaces found to have an especially desirable nature and character are those which have been subjected to a post treatment, such as painting, vapor depositing, or chemical coating to maximize the contact or wetting angle of the liquid therewith. Furthermore, a preferred surface geometry resulting in minimal contact of liquid and surface is one wherein adjacent, longitudinal grooves extend along the entire contact area of the surface, liquid being excluded from these grooves when gas is injected therein.
For a more complete understanding of the present invention, including its primary object and attending benefits, reference should be made to the Description of the Preferred Embodiments, which is set forth below. This description should be read together with the accompany drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic showing the primary testing facility employed in the practice of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically depicts a test model having a grooved surface, which model is mounted in the primary testing facility of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic showing the overall experimental setup employed in the practice of the present invention;
FIG. 4 pictures the variation of contact or wetting angle for three different test model surfaces;
FIG. 5 shows air emission path lines for four different air injection conditions on the test model;
FIG. 6 represents air emission path lines for four different surface conditions on the test model;
FIG. 7 represents an optimized surface configuration for the test model; and
FIG. 8 is a summary plot of mean airflow velocity (based on area) vs. groove dimension for various test models employed.
A flow visualization study was made of water flow over grooved surface models with air injection into surface grooves. The effects of groove geometry and surfactants were examined as well as air flow rate. The results show that the grooved surface geometry acts to hold the injected airstream near the wall and in some cases, results in a tube of air attached to the wall.
Groove dimension and the presence of surfactants were shown to greatly affect formation and stability of the air tube in the grooved surface. Deeper grooves, surfactants with high contact angles, and angled air injection increased the stability of the attached air tube. Convected disturbances and high shear were shown to increase the interfacial instability of the attached air tube.
If the air tubes are maintained in turbulent high speed flows, skin friction of marine vehicles would be reduced.
Referring now the drawings, FIG. 1 shows the primary testing facility which consisted of a small open-circuit water tunnel 11 with a clear plexiglass test section 12, which was four inches long and had a one-half inch by one-half inch cross-section. The tunnel configuration is shown in FIG. 1. The tunnel was fed by municipal water and throttled by controlling two three-quarter inch sections of honeycomb with one-quarter inch cells, a compressed section of air conditioner filter to break up the incoming jet and a 16:1 contraction section. Dye injected upstream of the test section showed the flow 13 through the test section to be relatively smooth and laminar. The bottom wall of rectangular test section 12 was replaced by flush mounted test model 14. Test models 14 were made of four inches long by one inch wide aluminum plate, one-half inch thick. See FIG. 2. The surfaces of the models which were exposed to the flow were machined with triangular longitudinal grooves 15 of varying depth and width dimensions. Surfactant coatings of a hydrocarbon base, anti-wetting agent were either topically applied to the aluminum groove surface 15 or the entire model was constructed of Teflon� , which is available commercially and which has anti-wetting properties. In order to more clearly understand the action of surfactants to alter the interfacial tension or change the surface energy, the contact angle (which corresponds to the relative strength of the solid/liquid and gas liquid interfaces) of a sessile water drop was measured on each of the surfaces tested. Each model 14 had an air injection hole 16 drilled in the valley of the center groove. The injector diameter was nominally one-half groove width. Air was supplied by a regulated compressor and throttled with a needle valve. Because the flow rates were relatively low (between 0 and 200 cc/min.), the volumetric flow rate was measured by displacement of water over a period of one minute in a graduated cylinder.
The overall experimental set up is shown in FIG. 3. Flow visualization was conducted with a telephoto lens 17 mounted to an image intensifier system 18 with the output image coupled to a Vidicon video camera 19. The image intensifier 18 produced a high enough effective gain to allow the video system to operate in low light level stroboscopic conditions. Data were recorded on a Sony U-matic editing, three-quarter inch format VCR. Framing rate was 60-fields per second. Lighting consisted of a strobotach 20 operating at 3600 Hz and less to allow recording of the dynamic bubble sheet behavior. Lighting frequency was synchronized to flow phenomena such as eddies shown by dye injection or bubble emission frequency. Air was supplied by source 21 (e.g., a regulated compressor), throttled by needle valve 22, to air supply post 23. Initial tests were conducted at a water free stream velocity of 4-ft/s. This velocity was chosen because simple laminar flow conditions were desired to better observe the mechanisms of groove/air interactions. The freestream water velocity was also varied in several model tests up to 8-ft/s in order to briefly examine the sensitivity of the groove/air interaction to velocity. Velocity was measured with a pitot tube which equated dynamic pressure to hydrostatic head. Length Reynolds number at the end of the model was on the order of 90,000. A test run consisted of injecting air at various flow rates and observing the trajectory and dynamics of the bubble sheet/grooved surface interaction. Volumetric flow rate was determined throughout the study at discrete settings which corresponded to groove/air interaction phenomena. In several test sequences, a small diameter cylinder was placed upstream of the model to produce von Karaman eddies that swept the model surface to simulate the effects of flow unsteadiness and turbulence.
The variation of contact angle Θ for different surface materials is illustrated in FIG. 4. Base aluminum 24 has a contact angle Θ of 77� as measured by the drop method. A topical surfactant applied to the surface 25 increases the contact angle Θ to between 86� and 93� Teflon� 26, depending on the roughness thereof, can have a contact angle Θ varying from 80� to 149�. Using the contact angle Θ as a measure of wetability, it is clear that surfactants can be used to favorably alter the surface tension (or surface energy) relative to bare aluminum.
Referring now to FIG. 5, air injection from a bare aluminum flat plate with an 0.010 inch diameter injector showed that at all airflow rates the injected bubble stream exhibits no tendency to remain near the wall. See FIG. 5a. Air injection from the flat plate with a 0.020 inch diameter injector angled 45� downstream showed the bubble path line to be closer to the plate initially, as the bubbles exited the ejector, but again indicated no tendency for the bubble stream to remain near the wall.
Air injection for nearly every grooved model configuration (with and without surfactant coating) produced a bubble emission path line differing from that of a flat plate and, for some conditions, a continuous tube of air confined in the rib valley. The air tube structure normally ran from the injector downstream to the end of the model. This tube structure was characterized by three different phases of behavior which were a function of air injection rate. See FIGS. 5b, 5c, and 5d. These phases consist of air tube fracturing (5b) when the air injection rate was too low, a stable tube structure within a discrete airflow range (5c), and an erupting behavior (5d) caused by an air injection rate that was too large.
Air injection for a 0.010 inch wide by 0.020 inch deep grooved surface with an 0.008 inch injector showed that the model has a slight attractive effect on the stream of bubbles as they are emitted from the ejector. See FIG. 6. This appears to be due to the attractive force of the grooves causing the bubbles to exit the injector at a lower angle--an effect similar to that achieved by angled injection on the flat plate. Adding surfactant had no major effect for this geometry. Line 27 represents a stream of bubbles from a flat plate; line 28, a stream of bubbles from a flat plate with an angled injector; line 29, discrete bubbles from a grooved surface; and line 30, a captured air tube in a grooved surface.
Air injection from a 20�20 (groove dimensions will be abbreviated hereinafter by showing width followed by height in thousandths of inches) model with a 0.010 inch injector showed the same tendency to redirect the emission angle, but no continuous air tube would attach. For this geometry, coating the surface with a non-wetting surfactant resulted in the ability to trap a continuous air tube in the groove. Fracturing occurred up to volumetric flow rates, Q, of 2 cc/min., and erupting behavior at 6 cc/min. A 20�20 model made of slightly roughened Teflon� was able to hold a stable tube over a wider range and flow rates from Q=3 cc/min. to Q=17 cc/min, without applying surfactant.
Air injection from a model 20�40 with a 0.010 inch injector produced a stable tube of air from Q=3 cc/min. to Q=44 cc/min. The increased depth apparently increased the surface tension sufficiently to hold the air tube without surfactant. Upon adding surfactant, the surface resulted in the lower threshold of stability, raising to Q=14 cc/min; this appears to be caused by enhanced fracturing due to the greater surface tension provided by the surfactant.
Air injection from a 40�20 model with a 0.020 inch injector diameter did not result in an attached air tube without surfactant. Adding surfactant resulted in a stable tube being established between Q=18 cc/min. and Q=59.5 cc/min. The greater width of this model caused a more pronounced interfacial instability than was observed for the previous models.
For the 40�80 model series, two injection configurations were investigated: one with a standard 0.020 inch injector normal to the surface, and one with the same diameter injector, but angled approximately 45� downstream.
The 40�80 model with normal injection exhibited no separation of the air tube at low Q values, but rather a series of convecting air tube segments. Increasing the airflow rate resulted in a merging of the tube segments, and, finally, erupting behavior began at Q=237 cc/min. The model with 45� angled injection showed similar behavior to the normal injection at low airflow rates, but the onset of erupting was delayed until Q=366 cc/min. As expected, the injector bulge was also noticeably more diffuse than with normal injection. The normal injector model with surfactant maintained a stable tube from Q=15 cc/min. to Q=164 cc/min. The angled injector model had the same lower threshold, but the upper threshold was delayed until Q=234 cc/min.
Tests conducted with an eddy shedding cylinder showed a significant effect of flow unsteadiness on the grooved surface/air interaction. In all the models but the 40�80 series, eddy disturbances prevented the attached air tube from establishing--both with and without surfactant. The addition of surfactant coating to the 40�80 model stabilized the tube to such an extent that the region of tube stability was only slightly smaller with than without the eddy disturbance. The normal injection model was stable from Q=30 cc/min. to Q=150 cc/min. and the angled injection model from Q=30 cc/min. to Q=218 cc/min.
The action of surfactant coatings appears to be quite significant. The ability of surfactants to stabilize the air tube is clear from their action in the 0.020 inch wide model series and also their stabilizing effect on the 40�80 model in the presence of eddy disturbances. The action of surfactants was influenced by smoothness of application and thickness of coating. Rough and/or thick coatings of surfactant could detrimentally affect the air/groove interaction by altering the groove dimensions and/or affecting the airflow through the attached tube.
While the majority of the comparative tests were run at a water velocity of 4 ft/s, most models showed the ability to hold a stable air tube at least up to a water velocity 8 ft/s. This required that the increases in water velocity be matched with an increase in injected airflow.
An attempt was made to optimize the groove/surfactant combination using the 20�40 Teflon� model. See FIG. 7. The modified air injector was a transverse slot 31, one-eighth inch long in the streamwise direction and running nearly the width of model 14. The slot 31 was covered with a plastic film 32 which slightly overlapped the top of the grooves 15 downstream so that the air was injected parallel to and inside of the grooves 15. It was thus possible to fill the entire exposed groove surface 15 with adjacent air tubes. The resulting stability range extended from very low air flow (with slight fracturing), up to nearly Q=80 cc/min. per individual groove. Eddy disturbances appeared to have no effect for this configuration.
A summary of the experimental program is shown in FIG. 8 as a bar graph of air tube stability range for the various models tested as a function of average airflow velocity through the groove (using the measured volumetric flow through a groove of given dimensions, and assuming the groove volume is filled to the tips with air). The figure does not include model configurations where a stable air tube was unable to form.
Flow visualization studies of injected air/grooved surface interaction with surface coatings at a mean water velocity of 4 ft/s and injected airflow rates varying from zero to nominally 200 cc/min. have shown that grooved surfaces alter the local surface tension to such an extent that an injected air sheet is attracted and held to the surfaces over a discrete range of airflow rates. The ability of such a grooved surface to hold an air sheet was found to depend on groove geometry and surfactant coating. The general trend uncovered was that the deeper the groove, the stronger the attraction, and the smaller the width, the more stable the gas/liquid interface. Grooves too wide, too shallow, or both, did not hold the injected air in a sheet; grooves too narrow apparently require a larger force to push the airstream into the groove than was locally available from dynamic pressure or interfacial friction.
Anti-wetting surfactants boosted the surface tension force of the grooves to such an extent that an air sheet was held in otherwise unstable conditions. Teflon�-surfaces enhanced the surface tension attraction of the basic groove geometry even without a topical surfactant, in accordance with the high observed contact angle. Using Teflon� also avoided problems associated with topical surfactant application.
As expected, changing the angle of injection so that the momentum of the injected airstream is more nearly tangential to the flow extended the range of air sheet stability by distributing the bulge in the air tube caused by injection, thereby delaying the erupting phenomenon. The wide stability range and uniform air sheet covering produced on the surface of the 20�40 Teflon� slot model with a plastic shroud over the injector further showed the virtues of decreasing or, in this case, eliminating the injector bulge and directing the injected air in a more tangential direction.
Several models tested at various freestream velocities showed that air sheet stability depends on a balance between water flow rate and airflow rate. It is important to note that the results of this study show only the relative effect of groove geometry, surfactants and injection angle; the absolute parameters for air sheet stability will change with liquid velocity (magnitude of interfacial shear) and flow conditions. The effect of eddy unsteadiness disrupting the attached airflow in most configurations gives a clue to the potential problems for such conditions as turbulent boundary layer flow. As velocity is increased, the groove angle will most likely need to be reduced to increase the surface tension force, and perhaps the peak to peak distance must be decreased to address the interfacial stability.
The present invention has been described in detail with respect to certain preferred embodiments thereof. As is understood by those of skill in the art, variations and modifications in this detail may be effected without any departure from the spirit and scope of the present invention, as defined in the hereto-appended claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 12, 1912
|Jul 8, 1913
|Michael Johnson
|Apparatus for reducing friction between water and the hulls of ships.
|Apr 21, 1927
|Aug 20, 1929
|Jr William Harper
|Means for increasing the speed of boats
|Sep 8, 1936
|Jan 31, 1939
|Jacob G Spinanger
|Air film lubrication of marine vessels
|May 21, 1959
|Jan 16, 1962
|Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc
|Method and apparatus for reducing drag on submerged vehicles
|Sep 25, 1969
|Sep 14, 1971
|Robert Alfred Mayer Jr
|Boundary layer control means
|Sep 12, 1985
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|Rolls-Royce Plc
|Low drag surface construction
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|Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh
|Apparatus for reducing turbulent drag
|Feb 19, 1988
|Sep 5, 1989
|Rolls-Royce Plc
|Boundary layer devices
|Oct 26, 1987
|Jun 12, 1990
|Blackwelder Ron F
|Method and apparatus for reducing turbulent skin friction
|May 31, 1985
|Jan 22, 1991
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing
|Drag reduction article
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 2, 1997
|Oct 19, 1999
|Wipper; Daniel J.
|Energy efficient system and method for reducing water friction on the hull of a marine vessel
|May 24, 1999
|Nov 27, 2001
|Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.
|Method for analyzing friction reduction effects of bubbles in friction-reducing ship
|Jun 28, 2002
|Feb 28, 2006
|Carson Dale C
|Drag reduction system and method
|Jun 29, 2007
|Sep 1, 2009
|Giles David L
|Monohull fast ship or semi-planing monohull with a drag reduction method
|Aug 16, 2011
|Dan Nicolaus Costas
|Apparatus for reducing drag on a nautical vessel
|Feb 21, 2007
|Feb 14, 2012
|University Of Alabama
|Passive micro-roughness array for drag modification
|Jul 8, 2011
|Dec 11, 2012
|Dan Nicolaus Costas
|Apparatus for generating and distributing compressed air for reducing drag
|Jan 29, 2009
|Mar 11, 2014
|The Boeing Company
|Shape memory riblets
|Jan 29, 2009
|Mar 25, 2014
|The Boeing Company
|Amorphous metal riblets
|Jan 29, 2009
|Apr 1, 2014
|The Boeing Company
|Rigid tipped riblets
|Dec 2, 2009
|May 27, 2014
|The Boeing Company
|Reduced solar absorptivity applique
|Mar 8, 2013
|Jul 1, 2014
|Dan Nicolaus Costas
|Apparatus for lowering drag on a moving nautical vessel
|Mar 31, 2008
|Aug 5, 2014
|The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama
|Micro-array surface for passive drag modification
|May 21, 2014
|Jun 21, 2016
|The Boeing Company
|Reduced solar absorptivity applique having spaced riblets with pigmented coloration
|Feb 21, 2007
|Aug 23, 2007
|Amy Warncke Lang
|Passive micro-roughness array for drag modification
|Mar 31, 2008
|May 6, 2010
|Lang Amy W
|passive drag modification system
|Sep 18, 2009
|Jul 1, 2010
|Pusan National University Industry University Cooperation Foundation
|Method for attaching micro bubble array on plate surface
|Jan 29, 2009
|Jul 29, 2010
|The Boeing Company
|Rigid tipped riblets
|Jan 29, 2009
|Jul 29, 2010
|The Boeing Company
|Shape memory riblets
|Jan 29, 2009
|Jul 29, 2010
|The Boeing Company
|Amorphous metal riblets
|May 21, 2014
|Oct 2, 2014
|The Boeing Company
|Reduced solar absorptivity applique having spaced riblets with pigmented coloration
|Nov 4, 1993
|Feb 16, 2000
|Method and structure for formation of air film on water soaked surface of structure with water soaked portion
|Nov 13, 2008
|Jun 30, 2011
|Klinck, Ernst G�nter, 25704
|Vorrichtung zur Verringerung des Wasserwiderstands von Schiffen
|Sep 9, 2010
|Feb 2, 2012
|Klaus Lindemann
|Verfahren und Anordnung zur Minderung der Wasserreibung an Wasserfahrzeugen
|Jan 18, 2012
|Jul 18, 2013
|Klaus Lindemann
|Method for reducing traction resistance of watercraft e.g. catamaran used in e.g. sea navigation application, involves controlling liquid level in trim container, so that inclination of watercraft is controlled about pitch axis
|Sep 29, 1993
|Sep 28, 1994
|Method of forming air film on submerged surface of submerged part-carrying structure, and film structure on submerged surface
|May 6, 1997
|Nov 13, 1997
|Dynafoils, Inc.
|Hydrofoil craft
|Dec 2, 1998
|Jun 10, 1999
|Wipper Daniel J
|Energy efficient system and method for reducing water friction on the hull of a marine vessel
|Jun 29, 2007
|Jan 10, 2008
|Fastship, Inc.
|Monohull fast ship or semi-planing monohull with a drag reduction method
|Feb 19, 2008
|Aug 28, 2008
|The University Of Alabama
|A passive micro-roughness array for drag modification
|Jul 18, 2011
|Jan 26, 2012
|Klaus Lindemann
|Method and arrangement for reducing the water friction on water vehicles
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 31, 1989
Owner name: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE, AS REPRESENTED BY T
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:REED, JASON C.;REEL/FRAME:005663/0610
Effective date: 19891021
Owner name: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE, AS REPRESENTED BY T
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. SUBJECT TO LISCENE RECITED;ASSIGNORS:REED, JASON C.;WEINSTEIN, LEONARD M.;REEL/FRAME:005663/0615
Effective date: 19891027
|May 16, 1995
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Oct 8, 1995
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Dec 19, 1995
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19951011


text:
Top Definition
A person who is both White and American.
The best type of person to be
The best type of person to be
Did you see Bill's speech last night? He's definitely a white American
автор: Pigger Nussy 27 ноября 2015
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text:
East Union names new softball coaches
It has been 10 years since Josh Blythe has played at East Union and he marks the milestone reunion by returning to his alma mater as the head coach of slow pitch softball.
The 2002 graduate has remained in the community and received his initial coaching experience working at Guntown for three years. While in Guntown, Blythe worked with fast pitch softball, girls basketball and track, and now looks forward to building on what former Head Coach Andy Kirk has established with the Lady Urchins.
"This is a great opportunity for me to come back home," Blythe said. "Coach Kirk has built a great foundation for this team in a year, and I know I'm taking over an experienced program. The girls have been here and played a lot, and I'm excited, expecting big things from them."
Blythe becomes the fourth coach in as many years, but entering the job with knowledge of his team is important and will help in the beginning stages.
"I already know some of the girls since I've stayed real involved at church at Blue Springs," he said. "There are still several girls that I do not know very well, but we have about a month to start piecing things together, and I'm excited with the possibilities."
Along with his softball responsibilities, Blythe will assist Chris Basil with baseball, a dream opportunity for the former Urchin.
"I played for Coach Basil for four years, and this is a dream for me," he said. "To be able to work with him is great, and I'm very excited to be a part of the program again."
Also approved by the Union County School Board is the return of Brad Brown as the head coach of the fast pitch program. Brown previously worked with both slow pitch and fast pitch before the 2009-2010 school year and returned as an assistant for fast pitch this last season.
Assisting Blythe and Brown will be Pamela Warrington, who assisted in both sports last school year.
About Chris Elkins
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- Urchins host New Site on homecoming September 22, 2016
- Urchins run over Royals September 24, 2016
- Lady Urchins bomb Baldwyn in division play September 22, 2016
- School board races shaping up September 22, 2016
- Bank donates clock to Cooper Park September 22, 2016
- County still among lowest in unemployment September 22, 2016
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text:
see my complete fine art collection on www.highton-ridley.co.uk and my stock photos on www.photoready.co.uk
Nice gallery highton-ridley, but b&w shots are something special. Congrats, Marco.
Thanks Marco :) Mono is my favourite...
You have a nice B&W collection!
All the railings ripped out during the war, none of which were ever put to use should be returned to smarten up old streets and parks restoring proportion and the intended styles.
The world needs more stylish railings.
Photo taken in Plymouth, UK


text:
I recently returned from an exciting IAB Annual Leadership Meeting in Phoenix, where a packed Arizona Biltmore resort was host to over 800 digital media luminaries. On the tip of many tongues over a two-day session was "programmatic premium," the term our industry is using to describe the buying of digital media in a more automated way.
One "town hall"-type meeting was particularly spirited, as leaders sparred over what "programmatic" meant, whether or not publishers should be using it, and how agencies were leveraging it. Here is what I heard:
We Are Calling It the Wrong Thing
Like it or not, the term "programmatic" is tied to the concept of real-time bidding (RTB). This is natural, given the fact that the last five years in ad tech have largely revolved around demand-side platforms (DSPs), supply-side platforms (SSPs), and cookie-level data. This creates a problem because, when you add the word "premium" into the mix, you have a really big disconnect. Most folks don't consider the large majority of exchange inventory "premium." Doug Weaver said we should just call it "process reform," since we are actually talking about removing the friction from an old-school sales process that still involves the fax machine. Maybe the term should be "systematic reserved" for deals that happen when guaranteed buying platforms (like NextMark, Centro, and Mediaocean) plug into sell-side systems (like isocket, Adslot, and Shiny Ads) to enable a frictionless, tagless, IO-less buy. It is early days, but I suspect this may be what people are talking about when they utter the term "programmatic premium."
Private Exchanges Seem Like a Fad
For programmatic premium to take off inside of RTB systems, something like having "Deal ID" and "private exchanges" needs to be implemented at scale. Yet, for all of the conversation around programmatic premium, I heard very little about private exchanges, Deal ID, and the like. I think this is because publishers enjoy having RTB as a channel for selling lower classes of inventory. They are getting better average CPMs from SSPs than they were getting in the network era, and they can experiment with who gets to look at their various inventory and play with floor pricing – a much higher level of power and control than they recently enjoyed. But do they want to sell the good stuff like this? The answer is no. They do, however, want to find ways to get out of the request for proposal (RFP) mill that makes the transactional RFP business they manage so cumbersome and people-heavy. Again, that seems to be in the domain of workflow management tools, rather than existing SSPs. If any of the many publishers at the conference were leveraging private exchanges to sell double-digit CPM inventory to a select group of customers via RTB, we didn't hear a lot about it.
Agencies Love Programmatic
We heard programmatic perspectives from many major agencies throughout the conference, mostly in bite-sized chunks in networking sessions. When asked whether large agencies had less of an incentive to create efficiency in media planning and buying (since they get paid on a cost-plus basis), some agency practitioners admitted this was true but offered that "times were changing quickly." For clients, having access to many highly efficient self-service buying platforms for search and display (and some, like Kellogg Company, having their own trading desks), there is a lot less tolerance for large billable hours related to media planning. It makes sense; the easier it is to plan a campaign, the cheaper it should be. Marketers would like a bigger chunk of their money going to the media itself. That said, we also heard that agencies are being pushed hard on meeting key performance indicators (KPIs) – and that even goes for brand marketers. Meeting those KPIs is easier to manage in a programmatic world, and that means pressure to buy through DSPs, rather than emphasizing guaranteed buys. That means lower prices for publishers, and probably necessitates plugging higher and higher tiers of inventory into RTB systems.
We Got Both Kinds
Like the honky-tonk saloon in "The Blues Brothers" that offers "both kinds of music – country and western," we have to accept two types of "programmatic premium" right now. The first is the notion of buying real premium inventory inside of today's RTB systems through private exchanges. The second is the notion of buying reserved inventory in a more systematic way. Both approaches are valid ways in which to create more efficiency, transparency, and pricing control in a market that needs it. We just have to figure out what it's eventually going to be called.
Confused image on home page via Shutterstock.
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text:
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Preview (read now) Add to my own site Give this ebook to a friend Add to my wishlist Author's page Publisher's page
About the authorPeter Ames Carlin has been a senior writer for People, a TV critic for The Oregonian newspaper, and is the author of Catch a Wave and Paul McCartney: A Life. Carlin lives in Portland, Oregon.
morePeter Ames Carlin's New York Times bestselling biography of one America's greatest musicians is the first in twenty-five years to be written with the cooperation of Bruce Springsteen himself; "Carlin gets across why Mr. Springsteen has meant so much, for so long, to so many people" (The New York Times).
In Bruce, acclaimed music writer Peter Ames Carlin presents a startlingly intimate and vivid portrait of a rock icon. For more than four decades, Bruce Springsteen has reflected the heart and soul of America with a career that includes twenty Grammy Awards, more than 120 million albums sold, two Golden Globes, and an Academy Award. Peter Ames Carlin masterfully encompasses the breadth of Springsteen's astonishing career and explores the inner workings of a man who managed to redefine generations of music.
A must read for fans, Bruce is a meticulously researched, compulsively readable biography of a man laden with family tragedy, a tremendous dedication to his artistry, and an all-consuming passion for fame and influence. less
Touchstone; October 2012
416 pages; ISBN 9781439191842
Download in secure EPUB
Title: Bruce
Author: Peter Ames Carlin
416 pages; ISBN 9781439191842
Download in secure EPUB
Title: Bruce
Author: Peter Ames Carlin
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