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Lumiere 20W Dual 3200K Camcorder Lighting Kit Product Details
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Even though cats are considered "self-groomers," most cats need assistance with their grooming, some more than others. Long-haired cats can have a tough time keeping their long coat looking good, and even some short-haired cats sometimes need a little help. The best way to make grooming your cat as easy a task as possible is to start grooming him as a kitten.
Here's some information on the different aspects of grooming:
Hair Types
Do you have a long-haired cat, a short-haired cat, or a hairless cat? Find out more about each type.
Even though cats have a reputation for hating water, by taking the right steps you can give your cat a bath with relative ease.
Nail Trimming
Nail trimming should be a part of your cat's grooming routine. Learn how to do it correctly.
Eye Cleaning
Cats' eyes don't require much cleaning. Read the basics here.
Ear Cleaning
Cats have very delicate ears, so knowing how to take care of them is important.
Teeth Brushing
Dental hygiene is as important for cats as it is for humans, so get out kitty's brush and toothpaste, and find out how to brush his teeth!

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We arrived in Ickenham in September 1941, following severe bomb damage to our house in Hillingdon. Because of the uncertainty of those times, most of the properties on the estate agents' books were for renting, rather than for buying. The house which we rented in Warren Road had been built for a couple who were married in 1939; but sadly they never lived in it. As soon as they returned from their honeymoon, the husband was called up.
Warren Road then numbered 17 houses. The road had formed one of the drives to Swakeleys House and was still unmade up, being loose sandy gravel. Approaching Warren Road from Swakeleys Road, there was a pond on the right, with plenty of newts and small fish and a few rushes. The ruins of the lodge, which had stood near the corner of the A40 roundabout, were still visible. Although its garden was badly overgrown, lilacs, roses and delphiniums bloomed among the weeds.
There were still plenty of red squirrels to be seen in the woods between Warren Road and the A40, although grey squirrels were also present.
We found that about half the households in Warren Road had taken refuge there as a result of the War and were renting, like ourselves. Some, of course, were only there for a year or so, unlike my parents who stayed until 1956. There was Lady Edgcumbe who had moved down from the Sloane Street area. She had a very pampered little dog called David. There was a Forces Padre - a widower - and his two daughters. I believe he was attached to RAF, Uxbridge. Theo McEvoy (later Air Vice Marshall Sir Theodore McEvoy) was another resident. He was bent almost double, due to a spinal injury following a "skirmish" in the air.
A most amusing character was Herbert Buckmaster, who owned the Wyndhams Theatre. He lived two doors beyond us, with his second wife and their three children Peter, Pamela and Prunella.
Miss Gurney had been living in Warren Road from the mid-thirties when her family ceased farming at Manor Farm, Ruislip. She still enjoyed the companionship of the 3 farm dogs. Mr. Harrold of Harrolds, Opticians, was her next door neighbour.
As most houses were built on ¼ acre plots, nearly everyone kept a few hens at the bottom of the garden. In addition to chickens, we also had some rabbits. There were also a couple of enthusiastic beekeepers in the road. We all tried to be self-sufficient with vegetables and fruit in our gardens.
Hidden in the woods was a fine plantation of both red and white raspberries which pre-dated the breaking up of the Swakeleys Estate. We children would gather them for our mothers to bottle or make into jam.
Our house backed on to a field, now part of the Vyners School complex. Warren Road narrowed considerably beyond the last house. There were gorse bushes, brambles and wild roses on either side, behind which were more fields. The fields were all put to good use, and the crops were rotated: sometimes oats, other times cabbages or some sort of bean which was processed into food for cattle.
In a copse towards the bottom of Warren Road stood the brightly painted caravans of the Smith family who were gypsies. Their horses would be tethered nearby. Once they broke loose and invaded our gardens. The Police had to come and remove them. On a fine day, the Smiths would suspend their huge black iron cooking pot over a wood fire, and a most appetising aroma would drift across the road. They probably snared wild rabbits. On other occasions I would see the adult members of the family fashioning clothes pegs and chrysanthemums from wood. They were very skilled. The Smiths had seven children. In the depths of winter they would send their two eldest girls up to our houses to beg for water, food and clothing. At one stage, all the children contracted scarlet fever, and an ambulance had to take them away to St. John's Fever Hospital, Kingston Lane.
The River Pinn and Swakeleys Lake were completely unspoilt and very picturesque, for there was no official link between Warren Road and Swakeleys Drive. Vehicles would have to go through the "Water Splash" (an outflow from the lake) at their peril. Once a milk cart overturned. Swakeleys House was leased to the Foreign Office throughout the War. The winters, I recall, were hard and snowy and, once the ice was thick enough, the Foreign Office staff would skate on the Lake. It was a graceful spectacle to watch.
Thornhill Road was a cul de sac - about only half its present length. Swakeleys Farm was located between the end of Thornhill Road and the bottom of Warren Road. Mr. Lloyd, the breeder of the champion "Ware" strain of cocker spaniels, lived there. In the War, he was called upon to train dogs for use by the Army. There was often a joint exercise with the Home Guard in the woods, when the dogs had to track the Home Guard members.
We would constantly hear the tuning up of the aircraft at Northolt in the daytime. It was a comforting sound which gave us a sense of security. Then, in the evening, we would hear the planes take off and would hope for their safe return. On one occasion, the planes gave us a surprise and came overhead in the daytime. They showered the area with metallic strips, and we children rushed out to gather up all we could find.
Only 3 small bombs fell in Ickenham to my knowledge, and they landed in the field where Vyners School now stands. Fortunately, the ground was soft at the time, so there was little local damage - just the odd broken window pane. We were safe in our understairs cupboard at the time.
On our arrival in Ickenham my parents had decided that I should remain a pupil at Frays College, Harefield Road, for the time being. Even then, the bus route serving Ickenham was unreliable, and I would walk to School, crossing the Western Avenue and then down Harefield Road. It was not always possible for Frays to provide lunches, in which case I would be allowed to forego the last lesson of the morning in order to walk home. It was perfectly safe on my own, with so little traffic on the roads.
One car that could sometimes be seen along the Western Avenue or Park Road was a large chauffeur-driven one conveying Sir Winston Churchill to RAF, Uxbridge. He would be sitting well back, often puffing one of his famous cigars.
The Western Avenue came to an abrupt end at Swakeleys roundabout. There were wooden booms across the road on the Denham side. Work was however in progress on the construction of the viaduct, Irish labour being employed.
At the junction of The Drive and Swakeleys Road was a pretty little thatched cottage which was the lodge to the Harefield Place estate. The upper end of Swakeleys Road was tarred and gritted, and as yet unkerbed. There was a grassy triangular island at the junction of Swakeleys Road and Breakspear Road South. The dual carriageway section of Swakeleys Road was only finished shortly before the War. It had a concrete surface. There were attractive beds of shrubs in the central reservation.
Ivy House Farm, owned by the Pool family, stood at the top of Copthall Road. They were dairy farmers and had 3 or 4 milk carts standing in their yard.
Walton, Hassell & Port (now Alldays) stood in isolation. On one side there were advertising hoardings as far as The Avenue, on the other was a woodland as far as Ivy House Road.
Just past the Rectory was a long drive leading to Ickenham High School, which was accommodated in the old Rectory. The girls wore a smart navy and mauve uniform.
Between Ivy House Road and the Pelican there was a field, usually with a horse or two grazing in it.
The shops only stretched as far as Hopkins Chemists, which was in a cul de sac. In fact, the chemist was the only shop open for business in that block, the remaining shop fronts being bricked up. Beyond the chemist shop was a pair of cottages in rather poor condition in extensive grounds.
Following VE Day and VJ Day there was a wonderful party in the grounds of Uxbridge Country Convalescent Home, Harefield Place, for the families who lived in The Drive and Warren Road. There were games and competitions for the children in the afternoon, followed by dancing on the lawns for the adults in the evening. PDE 04-05-95 Pamela Edwards, Ickenham


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Hi Sue
I'm Lee Berry and William Henry Myers was my grandfather.
I saw where you places flowers on findagrave for William H Myers who is buried in Benton County Arkansas. Are you kin to William? If so I would like to get in contact with you about William & Nora Blackburn. I have a lot of information on Nora, but very little to none on William. If you would share any information I would greatly appreciate it
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Token you left for Traci Fields
Sue, thank you very much for the token you left for my angel daughter Traci. She was a wonderful gift from GOD, and she's in my heart and mind every single day. Her passing has left major holes in the hearts of her family and friends.
I appreciate you helping to reach my goal of 5,000 tokens by her birthday, November 20th.
I'm thankful and blessed for your kindness. GOD bless you for your heavenly heart.
I am so overwhelmed with all the findagrave friends requesting flowers/tokens for my Traci. Thank you ever so much!
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UPDATE: I just check Traci's memorial and she has a total of 5,134 flowers. You have helped go well beyond my goal.
GOD bless you.
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Sue I have a copy of the obit for James W Taylor if you are interested contact me at firstname.lastname@example.com. Sparky.
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Dear Sue
I noticed that you have left flowers at both my Grandparents memorial sites. Asa and Lola Allred Skaggs. I was wondering if we were related??
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Thank you Sue, and I understand this is a lot of work but one I really enjoy doing. I have a few other pictures if you would like of him and his wife and children. E-mail me at email@example.com and I will send them to you.
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Milton Hardy Cook was married to my great grandfather John Henry Bennetts daughter Lulu Maude Bennett.
If you do not wish to transfer I understand. I always want to keep family together.
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Sorry Sue it was Milton Hardy Cook not Clarence Romine.Clarence is the son-in-law to Milton Hardy Cook. Thank you for your help.
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Sue do you transfer memorials? If so would you transfer Clarence Romaine.
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Nova Scotia Domestic Violence Action Plan Update 2012
Domestic Violence Action Plan
On Nov. 20, 2012, Justice Minister Ross Landry announced the Transgendered Persons Protection Act. This Act makes it clear that Nova Scotians cannot be denied a job, a place to live or service at a business because they are transgender. Nova Scotia is the fourth jurisdiction in Canada to include a specific reference to gender identity in its human rights legislation.
The Court Services Division of the Nova Scotia Department of Justice is dedicated to excellent service and the provision of fair and accessible administration of justice.
The Division provides administrative support to the courts listed below:
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In Utah, a rehearing is being sought in a case involving 14 crosses placed along a state highway.
This past August, three judges ruled that the crosses were an unconstitutional endorsement of religion. Yet, the trooper's lawyers disagree and want a rehearing.
The Utah Highway Patrol Association filed a petition for the rehearing, saying that the full 10th Circuit Court of Appeals must decide whether the ruling "erroneously" holds that "private monuments erected on public land with the permission of the government" is government speech.
The UHP put up the 12-foot-high white memorial crosses to honor fallen patrol officers.
However, Texas-based American Atheists, Inc. sued the The Beehive State in 2005 because of the patrol's logo were placed on the crosses. The group said the memorials implied that the troopers who died at each location were Christians.
American Atheists representative Brian Barnard said the petition doesn't open the door for new arguments.
"They didn't like the answer they got," Barnard said. "They're hoping that if all of the other judges on the 10th Circuit hear those same arguments, that maybe the result will be different."
Court Rules against Utah Memorial Crosses
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UT3 Review
Unreal Tournament 3 for the Xbox 360 is a stunning looking, slick and polished FPS that every competitive 360 gamer should add to their collection.
After what seems like an eternity (although in reality only four months) Xbox 360 gamers have finally got their hands on Unreal Tournament 3. Due to the game receiving an exclusive console debut on the PlayStation 3 the wait has been a long one for Epic's many 360-owning fans - some would say too long. But it's here now, and there are big questions that demand to be answered. Has it been worth the wait? Is it worth owning now that Bad Company is on the market? And will UT3 keep 360-owning shooter fans happy while they wait for Call of Duty: World at War and Epic's own Gears of War 2? The answer is a resounding yes, yes and yes.
The DarkWalker, Warfare and the Stinger. That's why you should buy Unreal Tournament 3. It's certainly the best Unreal Tournament game in years, but those expecting a complete revamp will be sorely disappointed. The philosophy, clearly, is on getting back to UT's roots, like a kind of fusion between the original UT and UT 2004. You've still got the Flak Cannon, the Bio Gun and the Shock Rifle, but the Shield gun has been replaced by the Impact Hammer and fan favourite tool of destruction the Stinger mini-gun, which sprays light blue crystals at unlucky enemies, triumphantly makes a reappearance.
The number of game types has been reduced and refined. There are now six ways to play UT3 - deathmatch, team deathmatch and duel, as well as capture the flag, vehicle capture the flag and new game mode Warfare, which replaces Onslaught, and instantly rises to the top of my favourite UT3 game mode list. Focusing on capturing nodes, 2-16 player Warfare adds orbs to the mix, which can deal massive damage to enemy nodes as well as repair your own. Unexpected momentum changes are now a grim reality of any Warfare match, and, as a result, are much more fun.
This won't mean much to you if you're new to the series. Quick heads up then - the Unreal Tournament games have been going for near enough a decade now, and have always been hugely popular with FPS fans. They've always been a lot faster than console shooters too, focusing on instinctive eagle-eyed sniping and quick-fingered dodging over the more considered, slower-paced play of, say, the Halo series. Indeed, watching professional Unreal Tournament players show off their mad skills is a bit like watching some crazed gamer cyborg, such is the jaw-dropping nature of what they're doing. But the skill required to compete with most UT players online has perhaps hindered the series' mass market appeal. It has always been somewhat of a hardcore FPS.
Which is something Epic has clearly thought about with the latest iteration. The hoverboard switches you to a third-person view of your character, who will now be speeding about the battlefield like some bastardised steroid-infused Marty McFly. It's pretty useful for capture the flag matches, as it allows you to move about a lot quicker than on foot. But it can often feel like a blessing in disguise. If you're hit while on the hoverboard you're knocked off and vulnerable for a couple of seconds. Sitting duck time.
Back to the DarkWalker then, one of a series of excellent new vehicles belonging to new evil alien race the Necris. When you're not in it, you're in fear of it. It looms ominously in the distance, sweeping particle lasers at any and all who get in the way. Think the horrifying Tripods from H.G. Wells' science fiction classic The War of the Worlds spliced with a tarantula. But when you're in it, you kind of feel like a god, perched as you are high above everything, slowly bringing about death to anyone foolish enough to get close. It's sweet stuff.
This is where Epic has made the greatest strides - with the vehicles. The Fury, another Necris vehicle, brings to mind those squid things from cult sci-fi film The Matrix. The Scavenger is less unique, but very useful for quickly running over infantry, and the Necris tank the Nemesis feels a bit like using a nuclear bomb to crack a nut. The first thing I did was jump straight into a VCTF match and try out as many of the new vehicles as possible. And the old classics, like the Mantra, are still as blood-splatteringly satisfying as before.
One of UT3's most thrilling moments is carving up unsuspecting on-foot enemies with quick moving vehicles - ROAD RAGE FTW! Another imperious vehicle is the aptly named Leviathan, a slow-moving tank with an absolutely devastating cannon. Firing it means instant death for anyone even remotely close to its area of impact, and the sound effect from the cannon charging and then blasting is something every sci-fi fan needs to hear. Apart from Halo 3 I can't think of another online FPS with better mechanical harbingers of doom.


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Sander, Petra M.a; Cole, Stephen R.a; Stall, Ronald D.b; Jacobson, Lisa P.c; Eron, Joseph J.d; Napravnik, Soniad; Gaynes, Bradley N.e; Johnson-Hill, Lisette M.c,f; Bolan, Robert K.g; Ostrow, David G.h
aDepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
bDepartment of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
cDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
dDivision of Infectious Diseases
eDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
fDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
gLos Angeles Gay & Lesbian Center, Los Angeles, California
hOgburn-Stouffer Center for Social Organization Research at the National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Correspondence to Stephen R. Cole, UNC CB#7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7435 USA. Tel: +1 919 966 7415; fax: +1 919 966 2089; e-mail: email@example.com
Received 17 July, 2012
Revised 14 November, 2012
Accepted 23 November, 2012
Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Website (http://www.AIDSonline.com).
Objective: To estimate the effects of alcohol consumption and number of unprotected receptive anal intercourse partners on HIV seroconversion while appropriately accounting for time-varying confounding.
Design: Prospective cohort of 3725 HIV-seronegative men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study between 1984 and 2008.
Methods: Marginal structural models were used to estimate the joint effects of alcohol consumption and number of unprotected receptive anal intercourse partners on HIV seroconversion.
Results: Baseline self-reported alcohol consumption was a median 8 drinks/week (quartiles: 2, 16), and 30% of participants reported multiple unprotected receptive anal intercourse partners in the prior 2 years. Five hundred and twenty-nine HIV seroconversions occurred over 35 870 person-years of follow-up. After accounting for several measured confounders using a joint marginal structural Cox proportional hazards model, the hazard ratio for seroconversion associated with moderate drinking (1–14 drinks/week) compared with abstention was 1.10 [95% confidence limits: 0.78, 1.54] and for heavy drinking (>14 drinks/week) was 1.61 (95% confidence limits: 1.12, 2.29) (P for trend <0.001). The hazard ratios for heavy drinking compared with abstention for participants with 0–1 or more than 1 unprotected receptive anal intercourse partner were 1.37 (95% confidence limits: 0.88, 2.16) and 1.96 (95% confidence limits: 1.03, 3.72), respectively (P for interaction = 0.42).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that alcohol interventions to reduce heavy drinking among men who have sex with men should be integrated into existing HIV prevention activities.
Men who have sex with men (MSM) remain disproportionately burdened by the HIV epidemic. In the United States, an estimated 25 000–37 000 MSM were newly infected with HIV in 2006 [1] primarily through receptive anal intercourse [2–4]. Alcohol consumption among MSM is well characterized [5] and has been implicated as a risk factor for HIV infection [6]. However, existing epidemiologic evidence of an effect of alcohol consumption on HIV seroconversion has been mixed [7,8], and therefore inconclusive for supporting population-level alcohol interventions as a strategy for HIV prevention [9].
In particular, recent studies using multiple time-dependent measures of alcohol consumption and adjusting for potential time-dependent confounders provide mixed results with one [10] supporting an earlier finding of a harmful association [11] and two not supporting a harmful association [12,13]. However, the standard statistical methods (e.g. regression, stratification) used in past studies may have failed to provide consistent estimates of the hypothesized detrimental effect of alcohol consumption because of inadequate control of time-dependent confounders [14,15]. Recent work among injection drug users suggests that standard adjustment for time-dependent confounders (e.g. illicit drug use) may block indirect effects of alcohol consumption acting through such confounders and lead to biased estimates [16].
Here we applied marginal structural models to estimate the association between alcohol consumption and HIV seroconversion. Using this approach, we can account for measured time-dependent confounders affected by prior alcohol consumption. We analyzed data from MSM at risk for HIV seroconversion using prospective data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) collected between 1984 and 2008. Specifically, we examined the joint effects of alcohol consumption and unprotected receptive anal intercourse on the risk of HIV seroconversion. We hypothesized that both high levels of alcohol consumption and unprotected receptive anal intercourse increase the hazard of HIV seroconversion, and that this joint effect is greater than multiplicative.
The study sample consisted of a subset of participants enrolled in the MACS, an ongoing study of the natural history of HIV infection among MSM in the US metropolitan areas of Baltimore, Maryland/Washington DC; Chicago, Illinois; Los Angeles, California; and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania [17]. Enrolled were 6972 men: 5622 in 1984–1992 and 1350 in 2001. Of these 6972 men, 4029 were sexually active, but HIV-seronegative at their baseline visit and were therefore eligible for this study. We analyzed data on the 3725 HIV-seronegative men who completed at least one follow-up visit.
Participants are followed semiannually at study visits that involve a physical examination, blood draws, and standardized questionnaires including the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale [18]. The risk behavior portions of the questionnaire were interviewer administered initially and were converted to audio computer-assisted self-interview for newly enrolled participants beginning in October 2001 and at follow-up visits for all participants in October 2002. Institutional review boards approved protocols and written informed consent forms completed by all study participants. MACS design details and questionnaires are available at http://www.statepi.jhsph.edu.
Participants were followed from their baseline visit until HIV seroconversion, death, loss to follow-up, or administrative censoring. HIV status was determined from blood specimens tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and was confirmed by western blot. The midpoint between dates of the last seronegative and the first seropositive test was taken as the estimated date of HIV seroconversion; when this date was more than 1 year after the last seronegative test date (n = 33), participants were classified as lost to follow-up. Follow-up practices in the MACS cohort have been described previously [19]. Briefly, death information was obtained from death certificates, the Social Security Death Index, the National Death Index, autopsy records, and other notification sources. We censored follow-up for participants who failed to attend study visits for more than 1 year at the minimum of their date of death (if applicable), 1 year after their last visit, or 1 January 2008 (date of administrative censoring). All remaining seronegative participants seen after 1 January 2007 were administratively censored on 1 January 2008.
The typical number of drinks per week consumed by each participant was calculated as the product of participant-reported average number of drinking-days per week and average number of drinks per drinking-day (range: 0–84 drinks/week). A drink was defined explicitly as one 12-ounce beer (∼355 ml), one 4–5-ounce glass of wine (∼120–150 ml), or one mixed drink with 1.5 ounces (∼44 ml) of 80-proof hard liquor. The few (<1%) reports of 10 or more drinks per drinking-day were classified as 12 drinks. In models, we considered three levels of drinking: nondrinkers, moderate drinkers (1–14 drinks/week), and heavy drinkers (>14 drinks/week) based on reports averaged over the prior two visits (approximately 1 year). This categorization reflects current public health recommendations that adult men consume no more than 2 drinks/day [20]. The exposure window was chosen to maximize stability of the alcohol assessment. We considered the impact of this choice of exposure window on our results by considering a range of empirical induction periods (≥2 years prior) shown in Supplementary Table 1, http://links.lww.com/QAD/A293. Trends were generally insensitive to the exposure window chosen although, as expected, the magnitude of the observed effect decreased as length of the exposure window increased.
The number of partners with whom the participant was the receptive partner during unprotected anal intercourse (hereafter, partners) was previously identified as a strong predictor of HIV seroconversion in the MACS [13,21] and other cohorts [4]; we therefore consider this exposure to be a marker of overall sexual risk behavior. Participants self-report the number of partners they have had at each semiannual visit. The few (<1%) reports of more than six partners since the previous visit were reset to the median of those with more than six partners (10 partners). In models, we considered the number of partners as one or fewer partners or multiple partners. Similar to alcohol measures, we averaged the number of partners over the previous two visits. The reference group combined men with one partner and those who report no partners because participants with a single long-term partner may not be at increased risk of HIV seroconversion and MACS participants currently without a partner are not representative of MSM who do not have unprotected anal intercourse. The overall distribution of alcohol consumption and partner number is presented stratified by time in Supplementary Table 2, http://links.lww.com/QAD/A293.
Based on previously identified determinants of alcohol consumption [22,23] and HIV risk factors [13], we considered several time-fixed and time-dependent covariates as confounders. The following variables were assessed at baseline: participant's race and ethnicity (white non-Hispanic, white Hispanic, or black), age, enrollment city, and education (college graduate or not). Data on time-dependent confounders were recorded at each semiannual visit and included depressive symptoms indicated by a CES-D score more than 16; self-report of either gonorrhea or chlamydial infection; cigarette smoking (current or not); and use of any of the following illicit drugs: cocaine, crack cocaine, marijuana/hash, or nitrite inhalants (i.e., poppers). Injection drug use was uncommon (<1%) as was methamphetamine use (4%), which furthermore was not captured consistently over follow-up. Just 7% of the cohort reported use of any other drugs, including heroin. We therefore considered use of cocaine, crack cocaine, marijuana/hash, or nitrite inhalants as confounders.
Baseline data on smoking, CES-D score, and number of partners were missing for 6, 6, and 7% of participants, respectively. Data on all other variables were missing for less than 2% of participants. For the few values missing at baseline, we imputed the mode. For missing values over follow-up, the value from the previous visit was carried forward (smoking, 6%; CES-D score, 8%; number of partners, 9%; all others, <4%).
We used a joint marginal structural Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the joint effects of alcohol consumption and partner number on HIV seroconversion [24]. The marginal structural model provides asymptotically consistent estimates of contrasts in potential outcomes under the assumptions of consistency, exchangeability, positivity, and correct model specification for each exposure and censoring. Details of the estimation of the joint marginal structural model are provided in Appendix A, http://links.lww.com/QAD/A293[25,26].
Cumulative incidence of HIV seroconversion curves accounting for time-dependent confounders are presented [27]. Effects were quantified using hazard ratios, and precision was assessed through 95% confidence limits based on robust variances. Departure from additivity was assessed using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) [28]. We evaluated the contribution of the product term using a robust Wald χ2 test. No evidence of departure from proportional hazards for the exposures was observed in models that included exposure by time (P = 0.86) or exposure by log-time (P = 0.70) product terms, which allowed us to assume that the hazards of seroconversion remained constant over the 24-year follow-up period.
Alongside our weighted results, we present observed counts of HIV seroconversions and corresponding incidence rates calculated as number of HIV seroconversions divided by the number of person-years of observation. We also present results from standard analyses, which adjust for the same time-dependent confounders by including lagged values of time-dependent covariates in a standard Cox model [29]. Results were similar to those observed when concurrent values of time-dependent covariates were included in the model. All analyses were conducted with SAS version 9.2 (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA).
Between 1984 and 2008, 3725 men were followed for a median of 10.5 years [interquartile range (IQR): 4.7–11.7], during which 529 HIV seroconversions were observed. Eighty-three (2%) participants died during follow-up, 311 (8%) were lost to follow-up, and 2802 (75%) were administratively censored.
Participants were mostly white non-Hispanic (82%) and college graduates (59%). At baseline, members of this sexually active population reported a median of 1 (IQR: 0–2) partner in the prior 2 years. Illicit drug use was common (77%), as was smoking (51%) and most participants consumed alcohol (9% nondrinkers) but at a generally moderate level: median 8 drinks/week (IQR: 2–16) (Table 1). Over follow-up, HIV risk behaviors were less prevalent: participants reported no partners at 78% of follow-up visits; illicit drug use was reported at 48% of follow-up visits, and median alcohol consumption was 4 drinks/week (IQR: 2–12) over follow-up, each measured in the prior 6 months. Additional description of the participants by seroconversion status and by alcohol consumption are provided in Supplementary Tables 3 and 4, http://links.lww.com/QAD/A293, respectively.
Reports of heavy drinking were most common from white, non-Hispanics (91%) compared with white Hispanics and black, illicit drug users (73%) compared with nonusers, and men reporting multiple partners (13%) compared with those reporting 0–1 partners. Men reporting 0–1 or more than 1 partner on average over the prior year experienced crude HIV incidence rates of 9 (95% confidence limits: 8, 10) and 76 (95% confidence limits: 66, 86) cases per 1000 person-years, respectively. Figure 1a depicts this cumulative incidence for these two groups in the weighted population. For nondrinkers, moderate drinkers, and heavy drinkers over the prior year the crude incidence of HIV seroconversion were 10 (95% confidence limits: 7, 13), 13 (95% confidence limits: 12, 15), and 26 (95% confidence limits: 22, 31) cases per 1000 person-years, respectively (Table 2). Heavy drinkers were most likely to HIV seroconvert over follow-up in the weighted population (χ2 Wald trend test P < 0.001) (Fig. 1b).
Table 2 presents the effects of alcohol consumption on HIV seroconversion from models that average over partners. In unadjusted, adjusted, and weighted models, the hazard for moderate drinkers was similar to that for nondrinkers, whereas the hazard for heavy drinkers was elevated. Compared with the unadjusted hazard ratio for heavy drinkers of 1.52 (95% confidence limits: 1.07, 2.16), adjustment for age, race, ethnicity, study site, depression symptoms, college graduation, smoking, illicit drug use, number of partners, and sexually transmitted infection using standard methods produced an attenuated hazard ratio of 1.19 (95% confidence limits: 0.83, 1.70). After accounting for the same variables using marginal structural models, the hazard of HIV seroconversion for heavy drinkers in the past year was 1.61 (95% confidence limits: 1.12, 2.29) times that of nondrinkers.
Table 3 presents the joint effects of alcohol consumption and partners in the prior year on HIV seroconversion from models that include a product term. We represent these joint effects in two ways: by examining the effect of alcohol consumption within strata of partners, and by presenting hazard ratios relative to a common referent, that is, nondrinkers without multiple partners. In the weighted model, the association between heavy drinking and HIV seroconversion appeared stronger among men with multiple partners (hazard ratio = 1.96; 95% confidence limits: 1.03, 3.72) versus without (hazard ratio = 1.37; 95% confidence limits: 0.88, 2.16), although this difference was imprecise (P = 0.42). The observed hazard ratio for moderate drinkers with multiple partners compared with nondrinkers without multiple partners (hazard ratio = 4.48) was similar to those expected under a multiplicative model (expected hazard ratio = 4.04). The observed hazard ratio for heavy drinkers with multiple partners compared with nondrinkers without multiple partners was larger than expected under a multiplicative model: hazard ratio = 7.40 and expected hazard ratio = 5.18, although again this departure was imprecise (Table 3). With respect to interaction on the additive scale, the RERI suggests departure from additivity for heavy drinkers with multiple partners (RERI = 3.25; 95% confidence limits: 0.32, 6.17) but not moderate drinkers with multiple partners (RERI = 0.63; 95% confidence limits: −1.81, 3.07).
Again, compared with results from the standard Cox model, results from the weighted model suggested a stronger effect. For example, when heavy drinkers with multiple partners were compared with nondrinkers without multiple partners, the hazard ratio from the marginal structural model was 7.40 (95% confidence limits: 4.74, 11.54) and the analogous hazard ratio from the standard adjusted model was 4.97 (95% confidence limits: 3.18, 7.77) (Table 3). Similar to the weighted analysis, no statistically significant evidence was found for greater-than-multiplicative interaction in the standard analysis (P = 0.28) (Table 3).
We reported the effect of alcohol consumption and risky sexual behavior on HIV seroconversion in prospective data on 3725 MSM followed in 1984–2008. Heavy alcohol consumption was associated with 1.61 times the hazard of HIV seroconversion compared with no consumption. We furthermore presented results from models that use traditional adjustment approaches alongside results from weighted models showing that traditional approaches produced attenuated estimates, although confidence intervals did overlap. Without results from the weighted models, we might have erroneously concluded that there was no independent association between alcohol consumption and HIV seroconversion.
The unadjusted hazard ratio of 1.52 we reported for heavy alcohol consumption versus nondrinking is similar to unadjusted hazard ratios reported in previous studies of MSM populations [4,10–13,30], although it is noteworthy that these studies defined alcohol consumption differently and are therefore not directly comparable. We reported an attenuated hazard ratio of 1.19 when adjusted for time-dependent confounders using traditional adjustment. This attenuation mirrors that reported by the San Francisco Men's Health Study [12] and in an earlier report of MACS data [13]. The latter study reported an unadjusted hazard ratio of 2.05 (95% confidence limits: 1.53, 2.74) for heavy versus less-than-heavy drinking but a hazard ratio of 1.13 (95% confidence limits: 0.81, 1.56) after adjustment for time-dependent confounders. A statistically significant adjusted association between heavy alcohol consumption and HIV seroconversion persisted in only the EXPLORE cohort (hazard ratio = 1.97; 95% confidence limits: 1.32, 2.96) [10]. Our findings and the majority of previous studies suggest that standard adjustment removes part of the indirect effect of alcohol consumption acting through other time-dependent HIV risk factors for which authors have previously adjusted (e.g. illicit drug use).
Changes in behaviors and expectancy that accompany alcohol consumption may be responsible for increased sexual risk behaviors and for subsequent HIV seroconversion observed among heavy drinkers [31,32]. Alcohol consumption is associated with higher numbers of sexual partners, higher numbers of unprotected anal sex acts, and condom failure [33,34]. Acute alcohol consumption has also been linked to suppression of both the innate and adaptive immune response and increased susceptibility to numerous infections, including HIV [32,35–37].
A limitation of the present data is collection of alcohol consumption measures that require recall over a 6-month period. As researchers have stated previously, global measures of alcohol consumption do not allow investigation of specific contextual modifiers of the relationships between alcohol consumption and sexual risk behaviors such as partner type and partner's alcohol consumption [6,38,39]. These contextual factors in turn may explain why we did not see a dramatic departure from multiplicative combination between the effects of alcohol consumption and sexual risk behavior on HIV seroconversion. For example, researchers have found that MSM are more likely to use condoms with casual partners while drinking but less likely to use condoms with steady partners in the same setting [40–42].
Self-reported alcohol consumption may also be an inadequate proxy for alcohol-induced responses. The behavioral and physiologic effects of alcohol may be person-specific, dependent on genetic background, body mass composition, and diet. Future research applying biomarkers of alcohol consumption to evaluate the reliability or accuracy of self-report data is needed in studies of sexual health.
As with any analysis, the validity of our inferences is limited by the degree to which we met our assumptions. First, we assumed no unmeasured confounding and no informative censoring due to unmeasured factors. However, there are likely unmeasured behavioral factors confounding the observed association. Moreover, we acknowledge that measurement of the confounders we included is imperfect (e.g. self-reported as opposed to directly assessed sexually transmitted infections) and may result in residual confounding. Second, we assumed that heavy drinkers who seroconverted during the study period are representative of those who seroconverted prior to study entry. Men who seroconverted prior to study entry may have engaged in more concomitant high-risk behaviors than those whose seroconversions were observed, leading us to observe a weaker association between alcohol consumption and HIV seroconversion. Third, we assumed that mode of exposure is irrelevant to the observed outcome [43]. However, the behavioral mechanisms described above suggest that ignoring type of alcohol consumed and timing of its consumption with respect to HIV exposure may not be reasonable and may limit our ability to prescribe generalizable interventions based on our findings. Nevertheless, the demonstrable effect of alcohol consumption, measured broadly, is valuable in that it supports research to identify the particular means of exposure relevant for interventions.
The present study has several important strengths. First, it used information from a large prospective cohort of sexually active MSM followed for over two decades. Second, a large number of HIV seroconversions were observed, including a sizable portion among men previously reporting heavy drinking. Finally, using state-of-the-art quantitative methods, this study more fully captures the direct and indirect effects of alcohol consumption on HIV seroconversion – specifically, both the direct effect of alcohol on HIV susceptibility and the indirect effects mediated through HIV risk behaviors, such as illicit drug use that are also affected by prior alcohol consumption.
The potential for linking alcohol interventions with HIV prevention activities was described more than a decade ago [44], and randomized interventions that explicitly address alcohol's contribution to HIV have been tested in Africa [45–47]. However, such interventions have lagged behind for US adult MSM [39]. We have reported an effect of alcohol consumption on HIV seroconversion among MSM of similar magnitude to illicit drugs such as methamphetamine, cocaine, and ecstasy [13]. Under the abovestated assumptions, our results support the conclusion that 16% of HIV seroconversions among heavy drinkers could be prevented if half of these drinkers reduce their drinking to moderate levels; 21% could be prevented if two-thirds reduce their drinking to moderate levels [48]. If replicated, our findings renew the call for population-level HIV interventions among US MSM that explicitly address heavy alcohol consumption.
Author contributions: P.M.S. had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Individual authorship roles were as follows: study concept and design – P.M.S., S.R.C., L.P.J., D.G.O.; acquisition of data – S.R.C., L.P.J.; analysis and interpretation of data – P.M.S., S.R.C., R.D.S., J.J.E., S.N., B.N.G., L.P.J., L.H.J.-H., R.K.B., D.G.O.; drafting of the manuscript – P.M.S.; critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content – P.M.S., S.R.C., R.D.S., J.J.E., S.N., B.N.G., L.P.J., L.H.J.-H., R.K.B., D.G.O.; statistical analysis – P.M.S., S.R.C.; obtained funding – S.R.C., L.P.J., D.G.O.; administrative, technical, or material support – R.D.S., L.P.J., L.H.J.-H., R.K.B., D.G.O.; and supervision – S.R.C., J.J.E., S.N., B.N.G.
The authors thank Chanelle Howe, PhD, and Myron Cohen, MD, for expert advice and Ms Debby Anderson for editorial assistance.
This work was supported by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (grant number R01-AA-01759 to S.R.C.). Data in this manuscript were collected by the MACS with centers (Principal Investigators) at The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (Joseph B. Margolick, Lisa P. Jacobson), Howard Brown Health Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, and Cook County Bureau of Health Services (John P. Phair, Steven M. Wolinsky), University of California, Los Angeles (Roger Detels), and University of Pittsburgh (Charles R. Rinaldo). The MACS is funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, with additional supplemental funding from the National Cancer Institute [grant numbers UO1-AI-35042, 5-MO1-RR-00052 (GCRC), UO1-AI-35043, UO1-AI-35039, UO1-AI-35040, UO1-AI-35041]. Website located at http://www.statepi.jhsph.edu/macs/macs.html.
All authors declare no conflict of interest.
alcohol drinking; HIV seropositivity; men who have sex with men; prospective studies; sexual behavior
© 2013 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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Web Services
Our Staff
Joshua Goldman, Interim Web Services Manager
Josh joined the Information Services Divison in 2004, starting as the campus Macintosh administrator and now serving as the Manager of User Support. In the role of Interim Web Services Manager, Josh is responsible for managing the projects and daily operations of the Web Services staff as well as implementing a Content Management System. Josh has a bachelors degree in Computer Science from UW Oshkosh as well as a masters degree in Business Administration from Lakeland College.
Shannon Hartel, Web Developer
Shannon is a recent addition to the Web Services team as of Summer 2013. He is a graduate of UW-Whitewater with over 10 years of experience developing websites and web applications.
Brandon Langer, Web Designer
Brandon joined the Web Services Staff in Summer 2012. He graduated in Design Arts. In his free time Brandon enjoys films, reading, and drawing.


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Loud noises, crazyness, or some fucked up loud crazy person. Or our band pandemonium necropheliac!
The band was Pandemonium as the fuckers in the crowed were too.
by Alexis Nattifaly August 12, 2004
Trending Now
Can you define these popular missing words?
Top Definition
When all fucking hell breaks loose.
If Tad would have forgot to bring the beer to the golf course it would have been fucking pandemonium....
by d bo April 22, 2004
The best party at San Diego State University, held by none other than the gentlemen of Phi Kappa Theta.
Experience Pandemonium this April!
by SDSU 2009 February 20, 2009
A Professional Combat Arms gaming clan, that causes terror, fear and misery for other clans.
Dam, those guys from Pandemonium are beasts on The Two Towers map!!
by daddyashuu November 02, 2010
1. A cacophony of loud, and dissonant place
or noise.
2. An uproar or clamor
or noise.
2. An uproar or clamor
When our team lost it was pandemonium at the stadium. I couldn't even hear my own voice.
by NotKnownToYou April 02, 2009
A level 13 Expert song in the video game in the groove. Has long 8th step runs with lots of jumps. Almost impossible to pass.
I just failed pandemonium expert again.
by 5'1"Racer June 22, 2005
The main music room in A block. Originates from The Time's club in the movie "Graffiti Bridge".
"Let's head down and jam at Pandemonium, if Morris Day hasn't taken it already."
by Dylan June 05, 2004
Hell, or any place of chaos or torment. To create a hellish ingame experience for others.
Today we gang raped some dude in the arse with no l00b
by Colonol Sanders June 24, 2003


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There are oodles of haircare products available. Between oils and deep-conditioners, it's really easy to keep our manes in tip top shape. But what about our eyelashes? They are technically hair as well, and although we love falsies, wouldn't it be nice if your real lashes were super long? If you want long and healthy lashes, look no further, because we've created a DIY lengthening mascara that'll do just that! What You'll Need First, wash an old mascara or nail polish container and fill with: 1/4 of the container with Castor Oil 1/2 Vitamin E Oil 1/4 Aloe Vera Gel Mix the concoction together as well as you can with your mascara wand. And you're done! Now apply a light layer to lashes (or brows) every night before bed. Castor oil thickens your lashes while aloe vera gel helps lengthen. Vitamin E accelerates length so that after one month, you'll notice stronger, longer, more beautiful eyelashes. While you wait for your own to grow, try out some of these crazy temporary lashes.
Also try out some of these fun braids to match your plump new lashes.


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To make a rich, delicious stock, you must cook it at the gentlest simmer, constantly skimming off any fat. If the stock is allowed to boil, the fat will break down into the broth, causing an oily and cloudy end product. If you have leftover bird, a robust turkey chowder or turkey chili makes a splendid meal, as well. Keep the remaining leftover turkey for sandwiches during the week.
Before you toss out that small bag of turkey giblets, remove the liver for an old-fashioned chopped liver. Spread it on challah or matzah for a traditional starter to the Sabbath meal.
I always roast a few extra sweet potatoes to toss with leftover green beans for a terrific salad for Saturday's lunch. Pies and tarts consumed on Thursday leave us all a bit stuffed on the dessert front, but a refreshing cranberry sorbet is always welcome.
Turkey Stock
2 lbs. mixed turkey parts, such as necks, wings and backs
turkey carcass, broken up
1 onion, cut into small pieces
1 leek, thoroughly washed and sliced
2 carrots, sliced
1 clove garlic (optional)
1 stalk celery, sliced
1 bay leaf
6 sprigs parsley
In a large stockpot, combine all ingredients and cover with cold water by at least 3 inches. Bring to a gentle boil and skim grayish foam that forms on surface. Continue to skim until this foam no longer forms. Reduce heat and simmer, uncovered, for hours. Strain into storage containers, let cool and refrigerate.
Remove solidified fat from surface.
Makes about 8 cups.
Turkey Chopped Liver
1 lb. turkey liver, or turkey and chicken liver mixed
1 small onion, chopped
oil for frying
2 hard-boiled eggs, shelled and quartered
2 Tbsps. chicken or turkey fat
salt and pepper to taste
In a large skillet, sauté liver and onions in oil until liver is cooked through. Let cool. Cut liver in pieces and place in food processor with remaining ingredients. Process until a rough paste forms. Taste for salt and pepper.
Serves 6 to 8.
Turkey and Black Bean Chili
3 Tbsps. olive oil
1 large onion, chopped
2 cloves garlic, chopped
2 jalapeño peppers, seeded and chopped
1 red bell pepper, chopped
3 Tbsps. chili powder or to taste
1 can (28 oz.) tomatoes, drained and coarsely chopped
3 cups diced cooked turkey
2 cups cooked black beans
2 cups cubed butternut squash
salt and pepper
1/2 cup chopped fresh cilantro
In a large, shallow saucepan, heat oil. Cook onion, garlic and peppers until soft, about 5 minutes. Stir in chili powder and add tomatoes. Bring to a boil and add butternut squash. Simmer 10 minutes, then add turkey and beans. Simmer another 5 to 10 minutes. Taste for salt and pepper. Sprinkle with cilantro.
Serves 6 to 8.
Turkey Noodle Soup
6 cups turkey stock (recipe above)
4 oz. broad egg noodles, broken into 2-inch pieces
2 cups leftover green vegetables, such as brussels sprouts or green beans
2 cups diced, cooked turkey or chicken
1 medium tomato, seeded and chopped
1/4 cup chopped fresh parsley
salt and pepper
In a large saucepan, bring stock to a boil. Add noodles and simmer 5 minutes. Stir in vegetables, turkey and tomato. Cook another 5 minutes. Stir in parsley, taste for salt and pepper, and serve.
Serves 6 to 8.
Two-Potato Salad
11/2 lbs. all-purpose potatoes, cooked, cooled and cut onto 3/4-inch cubes
11/2 lbs. sweet potatoes (or yams) cooked, cooled and cut into 3/4-inch cubes
1 lb. green beans, cooked, cooled and cut into 1/2-inch pieces
1 small red onion, diced
1/2 cup chopped chives
salt and pepper
In a large bowl, combine potatoes, green beans, red onion and chives. Toss with your favorite dressing. Taste for salt and pepper.
Serves 10.
Fresh Cranberry Sorbet
1 package (12 oz.) cranberries, fresh or frozen, thawed
2 ripe pears, peeled and cored
1/2 cup cranberry juice
1/2 cup water (approximately)
grated rind of one orange
Put all ingredients into the food processor and puree until smooth. Pour into a shallow pan or dish and place in the freezer. Let it freeze until solid.
About 15 minutes before serving, take it out of the freezer and let it thaw for about 10 minutes. Put it back into the food processor and process until it becomes fluffy. If necessary, add a little cold water to aid in blending. Serve immediately.
Or, if you have an ice-cream maker, just follow the manufacturer's directions.
Serves 8.
Louise Fiszer is a California cooking teacher and food writer. Among the six books she's co-authored is Jewish Holiday Feasts.


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A Hidden Gift to Manufacturing
Roderick M. Hills, Jr.
New York University School of Law
David Schleicher
Yale University - Law School
April 6, 2010
Regulation, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 30-35, 2010
Many urban areas use non-cumulative zoning - zoning exclusive to one use (typically manufacturing) that prohibits other uses even if those uses are considered less noxious. Proponents of this zoning claim that it is necessary to reduce the degree to which urban manufacturers are held responsible for nuisance. This article argues that this justification is flawed, and alternative means could achieve the same ends with fewer costs. Non-cumulative zoning is really a subsidy to manufacturers, reducing their land cost by eliminating potential competitors for land. This subsidy cannot be justified because non-cumulative zoning is unlikely to achieve either local or broader social efficiency.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 6
Date posted: April 6, 2010
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21 Easy Sewing Projects: DIY Designs and Sewing Craft Idea
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Felt Donut Pin Cushion
By: Stacy Schlyer of Stacy Sews
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Celebrate your sweet-tooth with this sewing project for a cute donut pincushion. Stacy Schlyer of Stacy Sews added sugar cookie fragrance to the stuffing for an added bonus while sewing!
- 2 large felt squares in brown or other color for donut
- 1 felt square in pink or other frosting color
- Sprinkle Beads
- Craft Stuffing
- Optional: Scent, Sweet-topped pins
- Place two felt squares together, draw a large circle and a smaller circle (inside of the larger one) on one (wrong) side of felt.
- Sew the large circle, right sides together. Cut small circle out, leaving a 1/4 seam allowance.
- Turn right side out.
- Stuff the donut. Insert fragrance now if you like.
- Sew small circle shut (you'll have to hand stitch this once closed, tucking the raw edges inside).
- Cut pink (or other 'frosting' color) felt the same size as donut.
- Decorate with beads, etc. for sprinkles and sew onto stuffed donut.
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Aug 06, 2016
This felt donut pin cushion is a great idea for someone who sews and loves donuts. This is so different from all other pin cushions. Such a simple and easy tutorial to follow and a great last minute gift.I can even see these being sewn for girls to play cooking with. How would not want to play house and serve one on a plate. So if your donut pin cushion is missing you may want to check bedrooms. That is where mine would be.
Feb 18, 2013
A friend gave me one of these and I always wondered where she got the idea :) These are so darling and useful and no calories either!! I LOVE Favecrafts!!
The Thread Lady
Jun 27, 2011
Great idea for a gift! I am always looking for gifts for my quilting buddies.
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Let your garden bring the glitz to winter containers
The same pots that burst with bright annuals this summer can provide color, texture, and interest this winter, according to Abigail Rea, manager of horticulture at The Morton Arboretum. Many of the materials can be found right in your garden. Rea offers tips for interesting holiday containers.


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IceHogs sign Miskovic, Schnell
The Rockford IceHogs announced on Wednesday that they have agreed to terms with defenseman Zach Miskovic and forward Ryan Schnell on AHL contracts for the 2014-15 season.
Miskovic, 29, returns to Rockford after appearing in 15 games for the IceHogs in 2013-14, registering seven assists. The River Forest, Ill., also played for San Antonio and Iowa last season, finishing with one goal and nine assists in 44 games.
Miskovic, who won a Calder Cup with Hershey in 2010, has recorded 20 goals and 51 assists for 71 points in 238 career AHL matches.
Schnell, 25, played 39 games for the eventual Eastern Conference champion St. John's IceCaps last season, tallying one goal and racking up 120 penalty minutes.
The Cary, Ill., native has skated in 84 career AHL games between St. John's and Wilkes-Barre/Scranton and has recorded four points (3g, 1a) and 260 PIM.
- Rallo returning to Stars
- Bower making annual trip to RI Reds reunion
- Hartley lauds benefits for Adirondack Flames
- Rampage's Weiss named winner of Ellery Award
- Pirates sign defensemen Oberg, Southorn
- Meech re-signs with Texas
- Wolves re-sign Harper, add three
- Cassidy keeps Providence pipeline producing


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Community Leaders Meet to Discuss Proposed Gang Injunction
POSTED: 05:00 PM PDT Oct 19, 2013 UPDATED: 10:01 PM PDT Oct 19, 2013
Is it a gang prevention tool or a civil rights violation? That's the question when it comes to the proposed gang injunction, the controversial plan designed to curb gang violence. Lompoc and Oxnard already have injunctions in place, and Santa Barbara might not be far behind. And if the injunction is imposed, it could have wide ranging legal ramifications.


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Tag overview for: 'art'
Entries on this site with 'art'
- Laura Haddad, Environmental Artist, Haddad|Drugan
Join the UW Department of Landscape Architecture for the last of our monthly Professional TeaTalks this academic year. Laura Haddad is an environmental artist who works
- UW // LA Autumn Colloquium Series
- Marion Weiss and Micheal Manfredi
Join us for a lecture with Marion Weiss, FAIA, and Michael Manfredi, FAIA of WEISS/MANFREDI Architecture/Landscape/Urbanism. Weiss/Manfredi are the designers of the Olympi


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Created in this Craftsy class
Craftsy Block of the Month 2012 taught by Amy Gibson
In Craftsy's first-ever Block of the Month, Amy Gibson brings you 10 specific quilting techniques - appliqué, string quilting, paper piecing and more.
Other projects made as part of this class:
QuiltingSomething old for somebody new quilt
QuiltingQuilt class from Amy Gibson
QuiltingAmy's Block of the Month
Offer some kudos...
Join the conversation...
Ask a question...
Add your comment...
Very nice! Great choice of fabrics.
Nice job! Love your fabric choices.
So nice. Anxious to do mine, I love stars. Want to finish up a few loose ends first on older blocks. Will then treat myself to stars. Your quilt will be beautiful


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This story has been corrected. The original version misidentified the title of Richard Hayden.
A statue honoring the late Joe Frazier, the former heavyweight champion and Philadelphia sports icon, appears to be on the way in what many say is a long-overdue tribute.
The statue honoring Frazier will be located near the Xfinity Live! complex in South Philadelphia. It will be unveiled in 2013, according to Richard Hayden, who is is a liaison between Frazier's estate, the city and Xfinity Live, which is his client.
An official announcement is scheduled for next week; Hayden said he is waiting for Mayor Nutter to return from this week's Democratic National Convention in Charlotte, N.C.


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Hamilton Beach Countertop Toaster Oven with Convection and RotisserieItem#: YYD1-31104 | Model#: 31104
Currently Out Of Stock!
You May Consider This Alternative
HB Countertop Oven Black Product Details
- Maximum versatility with extra-large capacityfits two 12" pizzas, two 9" x 13" casseroles or two cake pans
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- Convection setting bakes faster and more evenly than traditional
- Bake and broil settings with 2 hour timer
- Includes 2 cooking racks, 2 baking pans, broiler rack and rotisserie accessories
Manufactured by: Hamilton Beach
Warranty provided by: Hamilton Beach
UPC No: 040094311040
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Shipping Weight: 26.8500 pound(s)
Dimensional Weight: 29pounds
What is Dimensional weight?
Click here for full warranty and support information
- Hamilton Beach logos are registered trademarks of Hamilton Beach. All others trademarks and copyrights mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners.


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Programme Coordinator
Cecilia Ridgeway, Stanford University, USA, firstname.lastname@example.com
Congress Programme
Sessions descriptions
Session 1: Social psychological impacts of worldwide economic crisis
Organizer: Jeylan T. Mortimer, University of Minnesota, USA, email@example.com
While a long tradition of research has documented the stressors associated with unemployment and financial loss, the current economic crisis is unusual in its severity, its pervasiveness across social class, occupational, and age groups, and its rapidly-spreading, global character. To enhance understanding of macro-micro linkages and to inform social policy, we need continuing study of the social psychological implications of economic dislocation. For this session, papers are welcome that address the broad social psychological consequences of economic decline, including (but not limited to) its effects on individual self-concepts and identities; attitudes and aspirations; emotions; self-efficacy, and mental health; social interaction and interpersonal relationships; socialization processes; stereotyping and intergroup conflict.
Session 2: Globalization, social inequality and status characteristics
Organizer: Deepak Kumar Verma, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar National Institute of Social Sciences, India, firstname.lastname@example.com
The world is experiencing tremendous changes through the economic and political empowerment of people under the process of globalization accelerated by technological development. However, empirical studies still suggest that people at large still face more or less similar kinds of social discrimination and inequalities in their respective societies. Albeit, a Dalit ex-President in India, Women as Heads of several countries and CEOs in multinational companies and recently a Black as President-elect in United States of America are such examples that reflect upon the eliminating mode of racial, caste and gender based social inequalities.
Therefore, it would be of much interest to know about the changed/emerging status characteristics of erstwhile socially discriminated people. The proposed session is expected to discuss empirical studies from various parts of the world on the impact of globalization on social equality and resultant status characteristics. A collective wisdom deliberating upon the social status characteristics of people due to their race, caste and gender is expected to work-out/recommend an agenda for their social empowerment.
Session 3: Renegotiating citizenship and social capital
Organizer: Tina Uys, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, email@example.com
Citizenship rights are often conferred or denied by the State. Sociologically speaking, there are a plethora of diverse contexts within which particular groups have lost privileges that were previously protected by the State or a similar institution. This session is focused upon the subjective experience of this perceived loss and how different social groups renegotiate, in particular through resuscitating old networks and allegiances and/or forming new ones. Those previously included, when feeling excluded, seek new ways of asserting their citizenship. The fascinating tension between the dynamics of inclusion, and the desire not to be included, but rather to be a distinct entity, will also receive attention (Kymlicka & Norman,1994). Papers focusing on subjective exclusion and the process of renegotiated inclusion as related to social capital are welcome in this session.
Session 4: Human motives and social cooperation
Organizer: Clara Sabbagh, University of Haifa, Israel, email@example.com
This session looks at how human motives are associated with different patterns of social cooperation and their potential valued outcomes (e.g. trust, low rates of crime, happiness and economic wealth). The study of social cooperation has long suffered from a structural and cultural bias, looking primarily at self-regarding preferences which have been mainly examined under experimental conditions among Western university students' populations. By doing so, this body of literature has largely neglected the role of a wide range of motives, such as strong reciprocity and the justice motive that may encourage people to cooperate. Recent studies, which have employed different quantitative and qualitative research methods across different societies, have sought to redress this bias by paying more attention to other-regarding preferences and to the socio-cultural factors under which these preferences develop. The purpose of this session is thus to further explore and contextualize the association between motives, different patterns of social collaboration and their outcomes. In order to achieve this purpose, the session encourages the inclusion of different theoretical approaches and methods as well as the examination of the role played by social structure and culture in explaining variation in this regard.
Session 5: Globalization, social inequality and status characteristics. Part II
Organizer: Deepak Kumar Verma, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar National Institute of Social Sciences, India, email@example.com
Session 6: Work, occupations, and the well-being of workers
Organizer: Dahlia Moore, Rishon LeZion, Israel, email@example.com
Session 7: Status in groups, networks, and organizations
Organizers: Robert Shelley, Ohio University, USA, and Ann Shelly, Ashland University, USA, email@example.com
Session 8: Theoretical issues in social psychology
Organizer: Cecilia Ridgeway, Stanford University, USA, email@example.com
Session 9: Identity and attitudes in groups
Organizer: Cecilia Ridgeway, Stanford University, USA, email@example.com
Session 10: Group context and social influence
Organizer: Cecilia Ridgeway, Stanford University, USA, email@example.com
Session 11: Networks, groups, and individuals
Organizer: Cecilia Ridgeway, Stanford University, USA, firstname.lastname@example.com
Session 12: Theoretical integration: Theoretical contributions
Organisers: Guillermina Jasso, New York University, USA, firstname.lastname@example.com Ali Kazemi and Kjell Tornblom, University of Skovde, Sweden
Session 13: Theoretical integration: Methodological and empirical contributions
Organisers: Guillermina Jasso, New York University, USA, email@example.com Ali Kazemi and Kjell Tornblom, University of Skovde, Sweden
Session 14: Business Meeting


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All original content copyright © Mike Hopley
Home> Articles> Grips guide> Grip adjustments > Smash grip adjustment
In an ideal situation, the shuttlecock will be somewhat in front of you when you play a forehand smash.
In this case, it is natural to adjust the basic grip very slightly towards panhandle.
Bear in mind, however, that the adjustment should be small. A full panhandle is never good for forehand overheads. If the shuttlecock has dropped too low, however, you will need to shift even farther towards panhandle: your smash will, necessarily, be very flat — almost a drive.
This type of badminton grip adjustment will probably happen naturally. The difficulty is usually stopping players from shifting too much towards panhandle!
Also, remember that this will not work if the shuttlecock is level with or behind your body. Make sure that you don't use this slight panhandle as a substitute for the basic grip: your clears, drop shots, and some of your smashes will suffer.
Be careful! Overuse of this badminton grip will have disastrous consequences for your technique. Remember:
This is only an example of adjusting your badminton grip. How much you actually change the angle will depend on where the shuttlecock is.
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American Airlines to Test New Food For Sale Options
In an ongoing effort to evaluate customer preferences, American Airlines today announced upcoming tests of light meals, snacks and beverages for the airline's Economy Class food-for-sale program. Each test will run three weeks and will conclude by Dec. 23.
"American Airlines is engaging our customers to determine their preferences as part of our food for sale program," said John Tiliacos, American's Managing Director of Onboard Products. "By testing a variety of light meals, snacks and beverages, we have an opportunity to obtain direct customer and flight attendant feedback as we plan our food for sale offerings for 2008."
From Oct. 29 to Nov. 18, American will test three new sandwiches on afternoon flights departing Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) to Los Angeles and New York LaGuardia. Available for $5, a new sandwich will be featured each week with the following schedule:
-- Week One: Oct. 29 through Nov. 4 - roasted chicken with havarti on bratwurst roll
-- Week Two: Nov. 5 through Nov. 11 - smoked turkey & Swiss on wheat
-- Week Three: Nov. 12 through Nov. 18 - turkey croissant with chutney-infused cream cheese and Monterey Jack cheese.
Separately, between Nov. 5 and Nov. 25, American will test four snack and beverage items on morning and afternoon flights departing from DFW to Chicago and Los Angeles and on flights departing San Francisco and Los Angeles to New York John F. Kennedy (JFK). Available for $3, the test will feature Starbucks doubleshot Espresso & Cream, FUZE® Green Tea, vitaminwater power-c, and CLIF Bar Chocolate Brownie Energy Bars with the following schedule:
-- Week One: Nov. 5 through Nov. 11 - 6.5 oz. Starbucks doubleshot Espresso & Cream
-- Week Two: Nov. 12 through Nov. 18 - 16.9 oz. FUZE® Green Tea
-- Week Three: Nov 19 through Nov. 25 - 20 oz. vitaminwater power-c and 2.4 oz. CLIF Bar Chocolate Brownie Energy Bars.
Then, between Dec. 3 and Dec. 23, American will test three different premium fresh items on afternoon transcontinental flights departing from San Francisco to New York JFK and Los Angeles to New York JFK. Available for $10, the test will feature a fruit and cheese plate, antipasto platter, and a premium sandwich with the following schedule:
-- Week One: Dec. 3 through Dec. 9 - fruit and cheese plate
-- Week Two: Dec. 10 through Dec. 16 - antipasto platter
-- Week Three: Dec. 17 through Dec. 23 - premium sandwich.
American selected a variety of light meals, snack and beverage options to test on more than 1,600 flights and will gauge customer preference of these new, convenient food selections. The routes were selected to ensure a mix of feedback from passengers on both short- and long-haul routes, including transcontinental flights.
American launched its food-for-sale program in early 2005, with the goal of providing quality food items for purchase in the economy class cabin.
Earlier this year, American, a founding member of the global oneworld® Alliance, introduced a new service to accept credit and debit cards for onboard purchases. Cash is also accepted, except on San Francisco departing flights where a cashless test is under way. American Express® Cards and other major credit and debit cards are accepted. Receipts will be provided to passengers upon request.
About American Airlines
American Airlines is the world's largest airline. American, American Eagle and the AmericanConnection® airlines serve 250 cities in over 40 countries with more than 4,000 daily flights. The combined network fleet numbers more than 1,000 aircraft. American's award-winning Web site, AA.com, provides users with easy access to check and book fares, plus personalized news, information and travel offers. American Airlines is a founding member of the oneworld® Alliance, which brings together some of the best and biggest names in the airline business, enabling them to offer their customers more services and benefits than any airline can provide on its own. Together, its members serve nearly 700 destinations in over 140 countries and territories. American Airlines, Inc. and American Eagle Airlines, Inc. are subsidiaries of AMR Corporation.
AmericanAirlines, American Eagle, AmericanConnection, AA.com and AAdvantage are registered trademarks of American Airlines, Inc. .
First Call Analyst:
FCMN Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com
SOURCE: American Airlines
CONTACT: Charley Wilson, Corporate Communications of American Airlines,
Fort Worth, Texas, +1-817-967-1577, firstname.lastname@example.com
Web site: http://www.aa.com/


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Who will the Houston Texans take No. 1 in the 2014 NFL Draft? If you're looking for the answer from Dwight Howard, look somewhere else.
A few days ago, the Houston Rockets center shared this photo on Instagram: "My favorite running back and Johnny Football."
So they must be taking Johnny Manziel, whose pro day is on Thursday, right? But on Monday night, the Houston Rockets shared this photo on Twitter.
Dwight Howard had a special visitor in the locker room after the game - @clownejd pic.twitter.com/YxV7ILKMqX
— Houston Rockets (@HoustonRockets) March 25, 2014
And Jadeveon Clowney himself shared this video on Instagram.
Just to round out the Clowney scrapbook on Monday night, here he is with Michael Jordan and James Harden.
We look forward to Blake Bortles' inevitable trip to the Rockets locker room some time in the near future.


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Dr. Luis Urrutia specializes in critical care (intensivists), internal medicine in Yakima, Washington.
Dr. Luis Urrutia has been compared 3 times. Details of Dr. Urrutia's experience as an MD and his hospital affiliation are available on your free doctor report.
Primary Location for Dr. Urrutia
402 S 12th Ave
Yakima, WA 98902
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Be the first to rate and review Dr. Luis Urrutia by clicking the following button.
Board Certification, Specialty and Expertise
Dr. Luis Urrutia has been identified as specializing in Critical Care (Intensivists) and Internal Medicine.
He obtained board certification from The American Board of Internal Medicine for Internal Medicine.
Hospital Affiliation
A hospital affiliation covers any doctor who has an affiliation, association or admitting privilege with a hospital. A doctor's particular affiliation to a specific hospital can translate to the overall quality of that provider.
Dr. Urrutia is affiliated with 1 hospital:
2811 Tieton Dr
Yakima, Washington
Patients may also know Dr. Luis Urrutia MD as:
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303 Holton Ave, Yakima, WA 98902
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Average Ratings
1 out of 1 people recommended this car.
Consumer Reviews
I love these trucks
by Mighty max owner from Ky | January 2, 2012
I own one of these trucks and I love it. but the specs on this is wrong the 2.4l is only an eight valve engine and I don't think they have that much hp. However there strong and fast little trucks.
Purchased a new car
Uses car for Just getting around
Does recommend this car
Featured Services for this Mitsubishi Pickup
- Sell your current car quickly and easily on Cars.com.
- Not sure what auto repair should cost you? Use our price estimator.
- Get help with car repair now on Cars.com. Visit Repair & Care


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"As we enter the start of the traditional school year, the potential threat of spreading H1N1 increases," state Superintendent Jack O'Connell said in a statement.
The best way to avoid spreading the virus is to observe personal hygiene rules, officials agree.
Near the end of the 2008-09 school year, a Skyblue Mesa Elementary School student was diagnosed with the H1N1 virus, which prompted the Saugus Union School District to notify Skyblue Mesa parents and disinfect the school.
Around the same time, a Sierra Vista Junior High School student and staff member were infected with the virus.
The Hart district, which starts school Thursday, keeps hand-sanitizer stations where students gather to eat lunch at all the junior high and high schools, said Hart district spokeswoman Pat Willett said.
Custodians will be reminded to give extra care to doorknobs and commonly shared places, she said.
Students are able to bring individual bottles of hand sanitizer to school, Willett said.
The new school year typically means the beginning of flu season.
"Fall is our normal flu season," Willett said. "It's not unexpected that swine flu would be among the flu strains going on."
By advising students to wash hands and cover their mouths when coughing, school officials hope to keep the threat of the H1N1 virus minimal.
Federal guidelines advise students and staff to stay home when sick, separate ill students and staff, maintain routine school cleaning and enforce hygiene.
"These updated recommendations complement what we have been saying for years," O'Connell said. "If each of us remains vigilant and takes common-sense steps to prevent the spread of flu, then all of us will stay healthy and kids will stay in school ready to learn." O'Connell said.


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A brilliant, imaginative game for kids of all ages
In the face of strong competition from Disney Infinity, Skylanders really needs to be on its A-game this year. Yet series creator Toys For Bob has taken a back seat, handing the keys to Vicarious Visions. No matter: Swap Force doesn't suffer one bit for the changeover. It's the best Skylanders game to date, and a clear step forward for the series.
Or should that be a leap? The addition of a jump button makes a big difference, allowing the developer to craft more diverse levels. And while the action is similar to previous games, the new Swap Force characters get their own individual challenges; from platforming tests to races, climbing interludes to fast-paced teleportation puzzles.
They're part of a pretty hefty campaign: boss battles aside, its 17 chapters take place across a range of sprawling environments. These levels are long, secret-packed, and lovely to look at, with improved lighting, more detailed art and beautiful, vivid colours. There are tons of minor improvements: a larger hub is more fun to explore, while score and time attack modes encourage you to return to story levels once you've teased out all the collectables.
Meanwhile, the new additions to the expanding roster are characterful, well conceived and solidly built, and the top and bottom halves of the Swap Force toys connect with a satisfying snap. Being able to marry Grilla Drilla's pounding fists with Magna Charge's speedy wheels – to name but one of 256 possible pairings – is a neat hook, and there are separate upgrade paths for both halves to make for even more unique combinations.
Swap Force is a brilliant, imaginative game for kids of all ages. That shouldn't be such an anomaly, but outside Nintendo no one is making games for a younger audience that are as polished, as thoughtful and as substantial as this. It's a genuine delight.
Version Tested: Xbox 360. Played for 22 hours, using 25 different Skylanders, old and new. Finished campaign, tested several bonus levels. Fully upgraded Fire Kraken, Bumble Blast and Night Shift.
9 / 10
- Extremely polished and attractive.
- New figures are excellent.
- It's enormous: will keep you busy for months.
- Phoning your bank to extend your overdraft.


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Previous | Session 14 | Next
E. O. Waagen, J. A. Mattei (deceased 22 March 2004), R. T. Pellock, S. J. Beck, K. Davis, K. H. Malatesta, G. Menali, A. Price, M. Saladyga, S. T. Sechelski, M. R. Templeton (AAVSO)
The American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) recently completed a two-year, NASA-funded project to validate over 9.5 million (mostly visual) variable star observations in the AAVSO International Database from the AAVSO's founding in 1911 through 2001. As a result, approximately ten million variable star observations - going back a century or more for some stars and all contributed by over 6,000 amateur astronomers around the world - are available online to the scientific community, giving you immediate access to this treasure trove of historical data. The validated data will also be placed on the NASA/IPAC-IRSA site and in other NASA databases, making the AAVSO data even more widely and easily available for astronomical research, education, and public outreach.
We describe the AAVSO Validation Project's goals and completed tasks, as well as the WWW infrastructure already in place to serve the scientific and educational communities and the public. We describe how you can obtain and use these data in your research, as well as how the AAVSO can assist and collaborate with you in your scientific, educational, or outreach endeavors. We give examples of validated data available now, and describe our future plans to keep the AAVSO International Database current by continuing to validate data contributed since 2001.
The AAVSO gratefully acknowledges NASA grant NAG5-12602 for providing funding for the AAVSO Data Validation Project.
If you would like more information about this abstract, please follow the link to http://www.aavso.org. This link was provided by the author. When you follow it, you will leave the Web site for this meeting; to return, you should use the Back comand on your browser.
The author(s) of this abstract have provided an email address for comments about the abstract: firstname.lastname@example.com
Previous | Session 14 | Next
Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 36 5
© 2004. The American Astronomical Society.


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Skimmer devices found on 2 ATMs
(Vermilion and Elyria. Police say there are probably more, and advise
testing ATM card slots to see if they're loose before using your card.
Trucker should have used eyes, not technology (GPS device leads tractor-trailer into Conneaut park, where it gets stuck)
Gilchrist claims he's a victim of selective prosecution, asks to drop charges (Morning Journal on former director of the Lorain County Community Action Agency, charged with felony voter fraud for voting in wrong ward -- in four elections)
Coast Guard warns of unsafe ice on Lake Erie (It's too thin, Sandusky Register says)
Bulletproof desktop may save your life (WOIO Channel 19)
The Crime Scene today
- Cleveland Police: Man arrested in connection with teen kidnap (WKYC Channel 3) | Cleveland girl rescued after being raped (WTAM 1100 AM)
- Stow man sent to prison for 28 years for multiple arsons (WKYC Channel 3) | Man Sentenced to 28 Years for Setting House on Fire, Claiming Insurance Money (Stow Patch)
- 2 hurt, power lost after Lake Co crash (WEWS Channel 5) | Speed-Related Crash Knocks OutPower (WJW Channel 8) | Perry Township crash sends 2 to hospital (News-Herald)
- Bad Bills: Men passing fake cash in Mentor (WOIO Channel 19) | Mentor Police seeking suspects who allegedly used counterfeit money at Walmart (News-Herald)
- Arrest in Cleveland serial rape case (WEWS Channel 5)
- Man, 74, hit by pickup in front of Hillcrest Hospital (News-Herald)
- Brazen burglar wanted for daytime break-in (WOIO Channel 19. With everyone away at work, it is no longer very brazen for burglars to work days.)
- Brimfield cops bust chicken-eating drunken driver (Record Courier)
- Medina military recruiter receives reduced sentence (Medina Gazette. Child porn.)
- Somali immigrant convicted of possessing khat (Medina Gazette)
- Woman Punches Robber in the Face (Cleveland Heights Patch)
- Wi-Fi Leech Runs Up $1,500 in Data Charges (Mayfield-Hillcrest Patch. Beauty salon is victim)
- Ohio Schools Will Have to Do More to Protect Student-Athletes from Concussions (State law takes effect in April. StateImpact Ohio)
- Triple dip tops $128,000; Assistant Lorain school superintendent gets pay, buyout, pension (Morning Journal)
- Is the war really on drugs? Black prisoners beg to differ (Call & Post)
- Lawsuit over breast-feeding between Mentor mom and Bryant & Stratton goes to federal court (Mentor Patch)
- TV2: Parking meters may be put in downtown Kent (KentWired)
- General Electric Co. to close Ravenna plant (Record Courier. Plant makes high-intensity- and specialty bulbs with nearly 200 workers.)
- Lake County: Plow drivers cashing in on snowfall (WKYC Channel 3)
- FirstEnergy fires Pa. nuke worker over missed test (WKYC Channel 3)
- Indiana's casinos suffer, and so do state's tax coffers (Crain's Cleveland Business)
- Cuyahoga County anti-poaching is completed. (WTAM 1100 AM on County Executive Ed FitzGerald's project. Middleburgh Heights is last to join)
- Lawn sprinkling program may come to Willoughby (News-Herald. A pleasant reminder that in six months, we might need to water our lawns.)


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Glossary Term – Event
German surrender
With Berlin in ruins and Hitler dead, Germany agreed to an unconditional surrender to the Allied Powers.
With Berlin in ruins and Hitler dead, Germany agreed to an unconditional surrender to the Allied Powers.
Harry S. Truman, Winston Churchill, and Chiang Kai-shek issued the Potsdam Declaration to Japan: "We call upon the Government of Japan to proclaim now the unconditional surrender of all the Japanese armed forces, and to provide proper and adequate assurances of their good faith in such action. The alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction."
Germany invaded Poland, setting off the Second World War.
The Alien Registration Act required all adult non-citizens to register with the US government and imposed penalties for anyone who "advocates . . . overthrowing or destroying the government of the United States."
Congress passed the Lend-Lease Act, which allowed any country "whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States" to receive arms and equipment from the United States by sale, transfer, or lease.
After an address by President Roosevelt calling the Pearl Harbor attack "unprovoked and dastardly," Congress made a formal declaration of war against Japan.
Roosevelt and Churchill met in Casablanca, Morocco, and approved the policy of unconditional surrender. The trip made Roosevelt the first sitting president to both travel to Africa and leave the country during war.
Congress passed the Smith-Connally War Labor Disputes Act, which allowed the government to take over and operate plants in which labor disputes might have interrupted war production.
Franklin D. Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin, and Winston Churchill met at the Black Sea Resort of Yalta to discuss plans for defeating Germany and postwar occupation.
As the Red Army advanced on Berlin, Hitler recognized the inevitability of defeat. He and his new wife, Eva Braun, committed suicide in a bunker below the city.


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Von Lee Cinema
517 E. Kirkwood Avenue,
2 people favorited this theater
Built in 1928 as the Ritz Theatre by local investors, the Von Lee was renamed and reopened in 1948 by the Vonderschmitts.
A spacious single-screen cinema now converted into three smaller auditoriums, the theater rests on the border between historic downtown Bloomington and the Indiana University campus.
Purchased in 1976 by Kerasotes Theaters, operations were suspended in 2000 as the company built two multiplexes in the city, making the historic cinema expendable to their operations.
Now owned by the City of Bloomington, the Von Lee has been the center of various community efforts to reopen or otherwise "Save The Von Lee", and it has also since been designated a historic site.
However, it has remained dark since October of 2000.
Recent comments (view all 6 comments)
The second IDS story above is now at http://tinyurl.com/rrp59
You can read the latest on plans for the Von Lee building at http://tinyurl.com/frqj6 The gutting of the building to enact this plan recently began (or was going to, anyway). I'm sad that the Von Lee will no longer be a theatre. Many people worked hard to save it, and in the end, only slightly more than the facade was saved, despite the theatre's historical status.
I've good memories of the place—watching Bergman and Fellini films there, and the AFI's series there in the 1970s, for example. The last film I saw there was, I believe, either Brain Candy or Trainspotting.
As a sidenote, I heard but do not know if it is true that the owners of the Von Lee (the Vonderschmitts, that is) also owned the Y&W Drive-In at the northern edge of town. I also wonder if the Y&W was related to the 3-screen Y&W in Merrillville, IN.
According to the 1963 motion picture almanac, Nova Vonderschmitt was the owner of the Vonderschmitt chain. The chain's theaters at that time were the Von Lee, the Von Ritz in Bedford, the Indiana in Bloomington, the Von Castle in Greencastle and the Strand and Varsity in Crawfordsville.
Here is a photo from the 1960s. The theater was being used for zoology lectures given by a local professor:
The VON LEE was among a group of about 100 theaters that installed Dolby Stereo for their engagement of Close Encounters Of The Third Kind.
I miss the Von Lee. It was the perfect place to see art films. Oh what the heck, I even liked watching the occasional blockbuster type movies there. I was very disappointed when Kerasotes closed it and I was extremely peeved when they gave it to the city with the condition that they never show film there. I never knew all of the details behind that. At first I was thinking they didn't want any first run movies to play there as it would be competition but I ended up hearing that they didn't want ANY films to play there, even art films or archive films. Too bad.
There is a view of the remodeled Von Lee on this site:
Just login to your account and subscribe to this theater