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Department of the Army Historical Summary: FY 1981
Operational Forces
Making appropriate and timely changes within the Army's operational forces to adapt their capabilities to new situations was a prominent guidepost this fiscal year. As summed up by the Chief of Staff, General Meyer, at the end of the year, the cumulative effect sought through such changes was the creation of forces flexible enough to respond to crises worldwide; forces capable of sustained operations under the most severe conditions of the integrated battlefield, which would involve the orchestrated application of chemical, nuclear, electronic, and modern conventional weapons; forces equally capable in all lesser conflicts; and forces developed wisely to make the best use of the nation's resources. Toward this end, several important changes were made or set in motion during the year; future changes designed to produce the cumulative effect described by the Chief of Staff were proposed in the Army's Program Objective Memorandum for fiscal years 1983-1987, submitted to the Secretary of Defense in June.
Organization and Deployment
To reduce the number of units reporting directly to the U.S. Army Forces Command (FORSCOM), the Army last year had begun grouping active Army divisions stationed in the United States under three corps headquarters. Two corps, the III Corps at Fort Hood, Texas, and the XVIII Airborne Corps at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, had received divisions at that time. Shortages of personnel and funds had forced the Army to delay establishing the third. In May of this year, the Department of the Army directed FORSCOM to establish the additional headquarters by reorganizing the I Corps, which in March 1980 had been reduced to zero strength after many years of operations in Korea. The corps was to be reorganized at Fort Lewis, Washington, on 1 October 1981 under the command of Lt. Gen. John N. Brandenburg, with its headquarters company to be furnished by the active Army and its other headquarters elements by the reserve components. The corps command was to include Fort Lewis, the 9th Infantry Division stationed at Fort Lewis, and other units as determined by FORSCOM after the corps was fully operational. Once established, the I Corps was to conduct contingency plan-
ning in support of the Eighth Army in Korea and the U.S. Army Western Command (WESTCOM) in Hawaii. It was also to serve as a late-deploying corps for NATO.
Among internal changes affecting active Army divisions was a complete restructuring of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault). During REFORGER 76, the eighth annual strategic mobility exercise to test U.S. and NATO plans and procedures, this division had introduced the airmobile concept to the training series when it deployed to Europe, transporting its personnel by air and its equipment by sea. Deficiencies noted in the airborne unit during that exercise prompted an extensive study and developmental process by which the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) produced a new table of organization and equipment (J-Series) for the division. The new table was designed to improve and modernize the division's forward support, communications, transportation, artillery, and antiarmor and air defense capabilities and thus dramatically increase its fighting capability and sustainability. But FORSCOM became concerned that weight and size factors inherent in the table would adversely affect the division's ability to deploy and recommended that the table be tailored to eliminate the potential problem. The Department of the Army approved the recommended adjustments, and the division was formally reorganized under the modified table in September.
In connection with the High Technology Test Bed project involving the 9th Infantry Division at Fort Lewis, the Chief of Staff approved the fielding of an air cavalry attack brigade with the division for testing and concept evaluation. FORSCOM activated the brigade and two attack helicopter battalions in June. The evaluation of the brigade's performance will be used in determining whether the air cavalry concept could be applied to other divisions.
In the continuing effort to upgrade the armament and firepower of divisions, the Army made changes in the artillery of the 2d Infantry Division in Korea. Two of the division's direct support battalions exchanged their 105-mm. towed howitzers for 155-mm. towed howitzers and modernized ammunition. Its general support battalion, which had been a composite unit using both 155-mm. towed howitzers and 8-inch self-propelled howitzers, became a standard divisional 8-inch self-propelled battalion. The division's remaining direct support battalion will receive 155-mm. towed howitzers next year, at which time the division artillery's weapons will total fifty-four 155-mm. howitzers and twelve 8-inch howitzers. In another upgrading step, the Army
activated a combat electronic warfare intelligence (CEWI) battalion for the 2d Division in September.
Near the end of this fiscal year, President Reagan imposed a $13-billion reduction on planned military spending over the next three years. As part of the effort by the services to accommodate the cut, the Army would reduce the 7th Infantry Division at Fort Ord, California, to cadre status, or by about 8,000 spaces, in fiscal year 1983. This cut in spaces would, in effect, protect Army equipment modernization programs against reductions. According to plans, the division would be restored to its original strength in fiscal years 1986 and 1987.
Last year, the multiservice Rapid Deployment Force (RDF) was established at MacDill Air Force Base, Florida, as a joint headquarters under a Marine Corps commander, who was subordinate to the U.S. Readiness Command and its Army commander. Under the supervision of the Army commander, the RDF would prepare to respond to contingencies threatening American interests in Southwest Asia. Designated units of all four services could be placed under RDF command if needed. Considerable controversy over whether a force so constituted was workable led to a decision by the Secretary of Defense this year to make the RDF a separate unified command and to establish it in or near the Persian Gulf area. He originally scheduled the change to take place over the next three to five years, but in June he shortened the transition period to eighteen months.
In presenting his vision of the Army of the 1980s last year, the Chief of Staff, General Meyer, stressed that "developing cohesive units over time must be the central focus" of the Army's manpower efforts. Toward that end, the Army took steps this year to reduce personnel turbulence and its deleterious effect on unit stability by moving toward a unit replacement system instead of the existing individual replacement system. The change was essential, the Chief of Staff emphasized, if the Army was to achieve its readiness goals.
To test the unit system, the Army began forming special companies under Project COHORT (cohesion, operational readiness, and training). As planned, individuals would be recruited specifically for each of these companies and would train and serve together as a unit for the duration of their three-year enlistments; each company would retain the same commissioned and noncommissioned officers throughout the three years. After at least eighteen months in the United States, the COHORT companies would move overseas as replacement units and there serve the remainder of the period. By the close of this fiscal year, the Army
had formed twenty COHORT companies, all of which were still in training. Their movement overseas was scheduled to begin in fiscal year 1983.
Taking a much broader approach to improving unit cohesion and stability as the COHORT project got under way, the Chief of Staff directed a special task force to produce a regimental system under which infantry, armor, field artillery, air defense artillery, engineer, and aviation battalions would be assigned to regiments at permanent home bases in the United States and thereafter would serve alternating tours of duty between the home bases and overseas stations. Such a system would resemble the British regimental system and, in effect, would be an extension of the Army's Combat Arms Regimental System (CARS) introduced in 1957. The target date set for putting the system into operation was 1 October 1982.
Having some bearing on the prospective regimental rotation and replacement system was a new organizational standardization policy for similar MTOE (modified table of organization and equipment) units placed in effect in February. Organizational standardization, which had previously been handled independently within each major command, must now be done on an Armywide basis and must conform to precise levels of the appropriate base TOES. Any modifications must have the approval of Headquarters, Department of the Army. The advantages of the new policy include the establishment of a single readiness standard for similar units, improved management of the procurement and distribution of resources, and the proper alignment of the units for rotation and replacement under the regimental system. Ground combat units were the first to be standardized under the new policy. The entire process should be completed by fiscal year 1985.
Affected by changes as a whole has been the Military Police Corps, whose structure during the past four years has been reduced by 1,995 spaces. Because of this substantial loss, the Army has had to make changes in organizational and operational concepts in order to maintain an effective military police force emphasizing the combat support role. With further space reductions scheduled for the corps during the next five fiscal years, the Army has programmed structural changes that will increase the number of combat support forces through the reorganization of specialized combat service support and general support units.
Europe and the Middle East
The significant challenge to U.S. security posed by the USSR has been sustained in Europe by a decade of enlargement, reorganization, and vigorous modernization among Warsaw Pact forces. They have emerged from this decade of change with a more balanced structure for conventional warfare and with both conventional and nuclear firepower greatly increased.
Among NATO forces facing the Warsaw Pact contingents at the end of this fiscal year were 208,948 members of U.S. Army, Europe (USAREUR). Under the command of General Frederick J. Kroesen, these troops were assigned to two corps-each composed of two divisions and one armored cavalry regiment-to four separate brigades, and to a complement of combat support and combat service support organizations. As evaluated by General Kroesen before the Senate Subcommittee on Preparedness of the Committee on Armed Services in February, these units satisfactorily met readiness standards. They were adequately manned at current authorized levels; were well equipped, although not with all the products of modern technology; and were well trained. But he pointed out an important limitation. While his command could "initiate effective and successful combat operations to defend the NATO sectors assigned" to it, it was a "high risk force" not manned at wartime strength, lacking reserves and without sufficient support forces to guarantee its staying power. Beyond that, and as a matter of greatest concern, he said that "the inadequacies of troop housing, the shortage of family housing, the makeshift, unsatisfactory, unhealthy working conditions for large segments of the command, the exorbitant backlog of maintenance and repair projects all contribute to a cancerous drain on the morale and commitment of the force as a whole."
Reflecting General Kroesen's assessment, the Army continued to increase USAREUR manning levels in logistical elements this year. It allotted 1,500 more spaces for combat service support units and programmed the activation of fifty-five additional logistical units. The filling of pre-positioned materiel configured to unit sets (POMCUS) reached a new high with the addition of a fourth division set in the Northern Army Group. POMCUS eventually will consist of seven major packages: enough sets to eliminate current shortages in the combat support and combat service support required by forward deployed forces and six division sets.
In 1978 USAREUR developed the concept of "US Army, Europe An Army Deployed (UAD)," the objective of which is to have the command become a field army deployed at the highest possible level of combat readiness. The main features of the concept include relieving USAREUR of peacetime base support functions, placing troops in rehabilitated and modernized facilities, and acquiring additional facilities as needed, all to be achieved primarily through German host nation support. But while the Germans this year indicated a willingness to provide wartime host nation support, they showed little inclination to favor the features of UAD.
REFORGER 81, the thirteenth in the series of annual strategic mobility exercises, took place in September as part of the AUTUMN FORCE series of NATO multinational readiness exercises. Designed in part to provide experience in deploying reinforcements to Europe, the REFORGER exercise this year involved the movement of approximately 15,000 Army troops from the United States. Deployed units included elements of the 4th Infantry Division (Mechanized), a brigade of the 1st Infantry Division (Mechanized), a brigade of the 7th Infantry Division, a battalion of the 9th Infantry Division, a battalion of the 38th Infantry Division (Indiana ARNG), a company of the 82d Airborne Division, six tactical operations center groups, and about thirty combat support and combat service support units of both the active Army and the reserve components. The bulk of these units deployed personnel only-these by air-and received POMCUS equipment in Germany. The remainder moved personnel by air and equipment by air and sea. On arriving in Europe, the units moved through four aerial ports of debarkation and two seaports of debarkation to exercise positions previously determined in connection with wartime plans.
Over 50,000 USAREUR troops participated with the forces deployed from the United States in three joint and combined exercises. Exercise CERTAIN ENCOUNTER was a field training exercise in the central and eastern parts of the Federal Republic of Germany involving more than 70,000 NATO personnel; Exercise CARRIAGE CLOCK was a command post exercise involving about 8,000 NATO personnel; and Exercise SCHARFE KLINGE was a field training exercise in the Black Forest involving over 20,000 NATO personnel. Altogether the forces of NATO nations participated in twenty-eight exercises.
As the first of the NATO exercises was getting under way, terrorists attempted on 15 September to assassinate General Kroesen while he, accompanied by Mrs. Kroesen, was en route
by automobile to his headquarters in Heidelberg. The general and Mrs. Kroesen suffered minor cuts when an antitank grenade, fired from a nearby wooded hillside, exploded in the trunk of the automobile and shattered the rear window. The assassination attempt was the tenth attack made on American personnel and installations in West Germany in 1981. Suspected of making the attacks was the Red Army Faction, a left-wing terrorist group. It was also possible that the acts of terrorism involved a militant peace movement which had been spurred by reports of NATO plans to deploy a new generation of American-made nuclear weapons in western Europe.
In November, forces designated for the Rapid Deployment Force participated in a training exercise in Egypt. Called BRIGHT STAR, the exercise involved some 1,400 troops, including more than 900 men of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), a New Mexico Air National Guard A-7 attack aircraft unit, and members of the RDF headquarters. The RDF commander, Lt. Col. Paul X. Kelly of the U.S. Marine Corps, was in overall charge of the exercise. Deploying from Fort Campbell, Kentucky, the home station of the 10lst Airborne Division, were the 1st Battalion, 502d Infantry; part of one troop of the 17th Cavalry and of one company of the 101st Aviation Battalion; and a mix of support elements. Also deployed from Fort Campbell were UH60A Black Hawks, the Army's newest troop transport helicopter; AH-1S TOW Cobras; and OH-58 Kiowa scout helicopters. Forty-five flights by C-5A and C-141 transports were needed to move the troops and equipment to Egypt. Egyptian troops were integrated into American units for the exercise, which included air assaults, day and night attacks, and defensive operations.
At the Army's request, the Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff began to develop plans for acquisition of basing rights and for related construction in Southwest Asia for the years 1985 through 1987. Congress, in the meantime, allocated funds to support military construction planning in fiscal year 1982 for an RDF base at Ras Banas, on the Red Sea coast of lower Egypt. Such planning will further involve the Corps of Engineers in Middle East projects. In support of the RDF this year, the engineers established an area office in Oman. At the beginning of next fiscal year, they will establish an area office in Egypt to support the RDF base at Ras Banas, if construction funds are appropriated.
In another step taken this year to support Army, Air Force, and Marine elements of the RDF, equipment and supplies were loaded on ships for deployment to the Indian Ocean. These items
included ammunition, wheeled and tracked vehicles, artillery, food, and medical supplies. Some of the vessels were of the lighter-aboard-ship (LASH) type, carrying loaded barges in their compartments. These barges could be pulled ashore by tugboats, which were also carried aboard the LASH ships.
The Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty (Camp David accords) signed in March 1979 called for a United Nations peacekeeping force to be established as a buffer in the eastern regions of the Sinai Peninsula during the final phase of the Israeli withdrawal from the peninsula in April 1982. But the U.N. Security Council, anticipating a Soviet veto of a United Nations force, indicated in May of this year that it could not provide the force. This situation led to trilateral negotiations among Egypt, Israel, and the United States, which resulted in a decision to establish a multinational force and observers (MFO) for the mission. As programmed in July, the U.S. contribution to the force will be 1,164 Army personnel constituting an infantry battalion task force and a logistical support element for the entire MFO. The United States would also provide thirty-six military personnel for duty on the MFO staff. By the end of this fiscal year, other nations agreeing to provide forces included Fiji and Colombia, each of which offered a 500-man light infantry battalion, and Uruguay, which consented to contribute a 70-member transportation company. Stemming from provisions of the earlier Camp David accords, the Army Corps of Engineers meanwhile established the Sinai Construction Management Office in preparation for building facilities for the peacekeeping force on the peninsula.
A highlight of the year for the entire nation was the release in January of the Americans held against their will in Iran since November 1979. In anticipation of the release of the hostages, each military service had worked closely with the others and with the Department of State to develop a reception plan by which its returning members could be given immediate medical care and administrative support and could be rapidly reunited with their families. Under the prepared plans, the U.S. Air Force Hospital located in Wiesbaden, Germany, handled the medical processing. From there, the returning Americans were flown to Stewart Air Field at Newburgh, New York, and then taken to the U.S. Military Academy at West Point for a private reunion with immediate family members. Following that occasion, they were flown to Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, for an official welcoming ceremony. Military members of the group were then released to their respective services and, after further processing, were placed on leave.
The Pacific and Far East
In assessing the military situation in Korea near the beginning of this fiscal year, General John A. Wickham, Jr. -who since 1979 has been the Commander in Chief, United Nations Command, ROK-U.S. Combined Forces Command; the Commander of U.S. Forces, Korea; and the Commander of the Eighth Army-stated his belief that "the forces we have in place here, plus those that are planned for reinforcement, are capable of defeating any North Korean attack." He acknowledged the substantial capabilities of the North Korean armed forces: they had three times the number of tanks possessed by the combined ROK-U.S. forces; twice as much artillery, most of which had longer range; twice the number of armored personnel carriers; twice as many aircraft; and four times the number of ships; and they had submarines, which the ROK Navy did not. Further, the North Koreans were continuing to build their armed forces in terms of quality and somewhat in size. He nevertheless estimated that his combined forces, augmented as planned, could win the battle, and without resorting to tactical nuclear weapons. His forces, too, he pointed out, were being steadily improved.
For six years, ROK and U.S. Forces have participated in combined training under the TEAM SPIRIT series of exercises. This year's exercise was the most comprehensive yet staged. It involved more than 160,000 ROK (Republic of Korea) and U.S. troops, including nearly 30,000 U.S. participants deployed from outside Korea. Five divisions maneuvered against each other as units practiced defense against chemical warfare, sophisticated electronic jamming, live-fire air-to-ground and air-to-air maneuvers, and amphibious operations. As summed up by General Wickham, "TEAM SPIRIT is an essential training tool to improve our operations, logistics, interoperability of forces and interservice coordination. It helps assure that our forces would not have to respond to the real experience of combat on an ad hoc basis."
At the end of the year, the combined forces in Korea remained at a high state of readiness. The Republic of Korea was completing one program to raise the quality of its armed forces and had established a five-year plan for making further improvements. As the fiscal year ended, the Eighth Army numbered 25,808 members, about 15,000 of whom were in the 2d Infantry Division. Also in the division were some 2,100 South Korean troops, who had been provided under the Korean Augmentation to the U.S. Army (KATUSA) program, which dated from the early days of the Korean War. Besides the upgrading of artillery
and the organization of the CEWI battalion in the division during the year, it was now scheduled to exchange its gunship helicopters for the newer S-model Cobras. The division was somewhat light in strength because of the loss of two battalions when a withdrawal of the entire division was begun during President Jimmy Carter's administration. The withdrawal was subsequently canceled, and President Reagan has announced that the U.S. Forces in Korea would be increased over the next two or three years.
With the objectives of improving plans for operations throughout the Pacific and increasing the capability of the Army to go to war in that region, the Department of the Army Pacific Operations-Logistics Conference convenes periodically, usually annually, to consider a wide range of operational and logistics issues. Courses of action are decided on the spot where possible, and specific tasks are assigned to commands for longer-term actions. This fiscal year, the Commander, U.S. Army Western Command, hosted the conference at Fort Shafter, Hawaii. It was cochaired by officials from the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans and the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistics and was attended by representatives of all major Army commands in the Pacific, U.S. Army Materiel Development and Readiness Command, and U.S. Army Forces Command.
The Army expanded its contacts with the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF) during the year. At the ninth in a series of logistics talks, Army representatives gave their Japanese counterparts the latest information regarding the Army's wartime standard support systems for foreign army forces and briefed them on rationalization, standardization, and interoperability. The Japanese valued these talks as a means of maintaining the prestige of the JGSDF vis-a-vis the U.S. Army and as a source of information useful in improving their defense force. In other contacts, mainly through U.S. Army, Japan, but also involving WESTCOM and FORSCOM, JGSDF members participated on a bilateral basis for the first time in an Army command post exercise, GOPHER BROKE X, for the defense of Japan. An Army - JGSDF Military History Conference held in July was another first. The principal participants were members of the Army's Command and General Staff College Combat Studies Institute and their counterparts from the faculty of the JGSDF Staff College. Covered at the conference were the experiences of the Japanese Army in fighting Soviet forces during the Nomonhan border incident in 1939 and the Manchurian campaign in 1945. In addition, the conferees developed the basis for future dialogue
between the Army and the JGSDF on ground tactical issues of current importance in Northeast Asia.
For the first time in more than thirty years, an official U.S. defense delegation composed exclusively of military personnel, half of whom were Army members, traveled to China in May to visit schools and units of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA). The goals of the visit were to learn about the Chinese military education and training system; to exchange views on strategy, doctrine, and training; and to assess the potential value of future contacts. Visited schools included entry-level Army, Air Force, and Navy schools; an Air Force technical college; a military medical college; mid-level Army schools; and the PLA military academy. Units on the itinerary included an infantry division and elements of the East Sea Fleet. The visit was of particular significance because it provided U.S. military personnel with extensive access to leading members of the PLA. If sustained, such contacts may contribute to a better understanding of the requirements of a modern battlefield, especially as these relate to the Soviet threat.
Western Hemisphere
The U.S. Army Forces Command, headquartered at Fort McPherson, Georgia, and commanded by General Robert M. Shoemaker, remained the largest of the Army's major commands. Its primary mission was to organize, equip, train, and maintain the combat readiness of assigned units and soldiers in the event of their mobilization and commitment. Included in its mission was the supervision of the training and readiness of the Army National Guard. In addition, General Shoemaker served as the component commander of all Army forces designated for deployment to the U.S. Readiness Command and, for planning purposes, as commander of any Army forces assigned to the U.S. Atlantic Command.
Assigned to FORSCOM were forces of the active Army and U.S. Army Reserve located in the continental United States (CONUS), Puerto Rico, Alaska, the Virgin Islands, and Panama. The year-end authorized strength of its active Army forces was 278,200; that of its U.S. Army Reserve forces was 256,815; and the Army National Guard forces supervised by FORSCOM numbered 424,400. The active Army forces included 3 armies, 3 corps, 10 divisions, 3 separate infantry brigades, 1 armored brigade, 1 air combat cavalry brigade, I armored cavalry regiment, and numerous separate combat, combat support, and combat
service support units. The U.S. Army Reserve units included 19 U.S. Army Reserve commands, 28 general officer commands, 12 training divisions, 3 separate infantry brigades, and 2 maneuver area commands. The National Guard forces under supervision constituted 8 divisions, 22 separate brigades, 4 armored cavalry regiments, and 16 other major units.
Last year, the Army rated six of FORSCOM's ten active Army divisions as not being combat ready. As a result of advances in manning, equipping, and training, all ten divisions at the end of this year were pronounced "capable of deploying or executing their operational contingency missions." So, too, were FORSCOM's five separate brigades and its armored cavalry regiment.
FORSCOM's three armies-the First U.S. Army at Fort George G. Meade, Maryland; the Fifth U.S. Army at Fort Sam Houston, Texas; and the Sixth U.S. Army at the Presidio of San Francisco, California-commanded and trained assigned U.S. Army Reserve units and supervised the training and readiness of the Army National Guard, which it did through nine subordinate U.S. Army readiness and mobilization regions, each of which was commanded by an active Army general officer. These regions were further subdivided into twenty-eight readiness groups, each of which provided assistance to assigned reserve component units. This year, special programs to improve readiness in the reserve components were reinforced and new ones initiated with the aim of overcoming lagging strength levels among reserve component units. These actions along with an improved reserve component recruiting climate, brought about by Selective Service registration requirements and worsening economic conditions, produced a substantial increase in reserve component strength. This development was especially noteworthy considering that in the event of total mobilization, the reserve components were scheduled to provide some 53 percent of the Army's combat battalions, 65 percent of its deploying forces, and 60 percent of its logistical and combat service support units.
In addition to their normal duties, the commanders of the First U.S. Army and Fifth U.S. Army functioned in a special chain of command reaching from FORSCOM headquarters to the refugee processing centers established last year to handle the massive influx of Cubans that had begun in April 1980. At the end of last year, about 10,000 refugees remained at the center at Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, which had become the single facility for handling them. This year, the Cuban population at Fort Chaffee declined to around 500, but the illegal alien problem was exacerbated by the arrival of Haitians in southern Florida. Called
upon to provide facilities for detaining the Haitians, the Army made available to the Immigration and Naturalization Service a former air defense site, Krome North, in southern Florida and Fort Allen in Puerto Rico.
Chemical and Nuclear Matters
Concern over the disparity between U.S. and Soviet chemical warfare capabilities, with the Soviet Union having a decided edge, has led the Army to make concerted efforts to upgrade both its defensive and offensive capacities. As set by the Chief of Staff, "the Army's objective with respect to chemical warfare is to achieve both a credible retaliatory capability and a defensive posture which would deter enemy use of chemicals against U.S. Forces and our allies."
In raising the level of chemical defense, the Army has for obvious reasons given priority to equipping its forward combat forces and those forces scheduled to be deployed early from the United States in the event of a crisis. Chemical defense units activated this year included three NBC (nuclear, biological, and chemical) companies to support the 4th Infantry Division (Mechanized), the 9th Infantry Division, and the 24th Infantry Division (Mechanized). These additions raised the number of NBC companies in the Army to twelve. Other units that were activated included a chemical (smoke) battalion, the first such battalion to be in the active force since 1973, and four smoke companies. Small NBC decontamination and reconnaissance teams were also activated to support separate brigades and armored cavalry regiments. In continuation of a program begun last year to establish NBC defense expertise in all types of units, a chemical officer (lieutenant) was added this year to the TOE of each field artillery battalion, as had already been done for infantry and armor battalions. The total number of chemical specialists authorized in the Army grew from 3,600 last year to 5,600 this year and is programmed to reach 9,800 by fiscal year 1987. The U.S. Army Chemical School at Fort McClellan, Alabama, increased its enrollment this year to more than 3,000 students.
Besides such chemical defense improvements in force structure and training, the Army, as pointed out by the Chief of Staff, needed to acquire "adequate war reserve stocks of protective clothing and equipment and develop new items which will reduce the operational degradation associated with protective ensembles." Required items included more efficient decontamination devices, more sensitive alarms, more effective antidotes, and
cooler and less cumbersome protective clothing. Fielded this year was an improved personal decontamination kit, the M258A1, which was simple to use and also provided the means for facial decontamination. About 100,000 of the new kits were issued to the forces in Europe and to early deploying forces in the United States. An in-process review of a new chemical agent alarm, the M8A1, that was more sensitive resulted in a recommendation that it be accepted as standard equipment. From another review came a recommendation, which the Army staff supported, that new chemical-agent-resistant coatings be adopted as a topcoat for mobile tactical equipment and other selected materiel. Plans call for the application of the coatings first to developmental items and next to fielded equipment.
Last year, the Surgeon General of the Army discontinued the use of TAB-a mixture of oxime, TMB4 atropine, and benactyzine-as the chemical nerve agent antidote in favor of a combination of atropine and oxime. TAB was dropped because it did not contain enough atropine and oxime and because it was itself incapacitating. This year, the TAB antidote was withdrawn from Army units, the fielding of a new atropine autoinjector was completed, and the fielding of the oxime component as a separate autoinjector was begun in Europe.
In an effort to improve protective clothing, the Army has developed a camouflaged overgarment designed with the same woodland pattern as the battle dress fatigue uniform. Plans call for its adoption next fiscal year. In search of even better protection, the Army funded an accelerated exploratory research project to develop new fibers and fabrics for a lightweight overgarment that would have reduced heat stress, longer shelf life, and longer wear life.
While it planned and funded the development of still other new items of defensive equipment, the Army judged its most serious chemical warfare deficiency to be in its ability to retaliate. The current stockpile of toxic chemical munitions, which was deteriorating through age and obsolescence, had to be modernized before it could be an effective deterrent to Soviet use of chemical weaponry. The Army believed that binary munitions for 155-mm. weapons were the best answer to the modernization requirement. These munitions form a lethal chemical agent from two nonlethal agents when they are combined, which occurs only after the artillery shell containing them has been fired. In addition to the safety afforded by binary munitions during production, storage, and movement, they would be, in the Army's judgment, the best weapon and agent mix for achieving a cred-
ible retaliatory capability. By the end of the fiscal year, the Congress had appropriated funds for construction and plant processing equipment for a binary munitions production facility at Pine Bluff Arsenal, Arkansas. Construction was scheduled to start in October 1981.
Provisions of the Military Construction Authorization Act of 1981 required the Army to remove all chemical munitions from Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Colorado, by 10 October 1981. The Army safely transferred these munitions to Tooele Army Depot, Utah, through a combination of air and ground movements between 12 and 28 August. A total of 888 Weteye bombs containing GB agent and three one-ton containers of bulk GB agent were relocated during the operation.
Among defoliants used in Vietnam during the war to kill vegetation and thus deprive enemy forces of concealment, the main one was a herbicide known as Agent Orange. In recent years, allegations that exposure to Agent Orange has resulted in a variety of maladies-cancer among them-have generated intense concern among veterans of the war. To date, these allegations have not been substantiated, but, as mandated by Congress, the Veterans Administration this year began an epidemiological study of the possible health effects of the herbicide. The study is designed to determine not only whether the agent can produce an adverse effect on human health but also whether a given veteran was actually exposed to the herbicide and, if so, to what degree. The Army will support the study by providing detailed records of herbicide spraying, troop movements, and unit membership during the war.
The Army periodically conducts formal system program reviews (SPR) as a means of bringing to the attention of senior management critical issues requiring special consideration. A chemical SPR was conducted last year under the chairmanship of the Vice Chief of Staff; in December of this year, a general officer in-process review, also chaired by the Vice Chief of Staff, was conducted to ensure that the recommendations resulting from the SPR were being translated into adequate action. For management purposes, the in-process review included the tactical nuclear program with the chemical program. Major chemical issues were addressed including training and doctrinal developments, munitions demilitarization, medical aspects, and equipment. Tasks were assigned to appropriate commands and agencies on those matters that needed new or improved action.
At last year's chemical SPR, the Vice Chief of Staff directed the preparation of an Army chemical action plan that would be
a comprehensive, time-phased blueprint for chemical warfare and for nuclear, biological, and chemical defense efforts in the 1980s and 1990s. The plan that was developed provided directions for near-term actions having a limited impact on resources that would rapidly improve readiness, such as training, and supplied guidance for mid- and long-range requirements that would have a significant impact on budgets, as in the case of stockpile modernization. The Chief of Staff approved the plan in June of this year.
Consideration of the tactical nuclear program at the combined nuclear and chemical in-process review conducted in December resulted in new directives for TRADOC and DARCOM. The Training and Doctrine Command was directed to accelerate its development of integrated battlefield models and scenarios to reflect current doctrine. DARCOM was assigned to review its nuclear survivability programs to ensure that automated data processing equipment and data storage devices could survive. Progress in accomplishing these tasks will be measured at the next in-process review, tentatively scheduled for October 1981.
In 1977 and 1978, public controversy over the Army's development of new nuclear weapons with "enhanced radiation" characteristics extended around the world and was particularly intense in Europe. Their development grew out of the Army's search for a nuclear means of stopping a massed tank or armored vehicle attack without unnecessary collateral damage and casualties to nonmilitary structures and personnel. Opponents of the new weapons believed that their reduced collateral damage feature increased the likelihood of their being used in battle, thus increasing the probability of nuclear warfare. In response to the opposition, President Carter deferred their production. This year, President Reagan announced that enhanced radiation warheads would be produced and assembled. They will be stockpiled only in U.S. territory, and any decision to deploy them will be made only after full consultation with the countries in which they would be based.
The Long Range Security Program (LRSP) is the European portion of the Army's worldwide Nuclear and Chemical Weapons Storage Site Upgrade Program. The upgrading of 102 Army storage sites in Europe under LRSP criteria involves the replacement, construction, or installation of security control centers fully protected against small arms fire as well as perimeter fencing, additional guard towers, igloo doors, security lighting, intrasite communications, and an intrusion detection system. The required upgrading is being achieved through a combination of
U.S. prefinancing and NATO funding. The improvements prefinanced by the United States are well on the way to completion; but those to be funded by NATO are scarcely beyond the planning stage because national concerns of various members have repeatedly clogged the funding approval process of NATO.
In April, a Nuclear Weapons Accident Exercise (NUWAX-81) was conducted jointly by the Department of Defense (DOD) and the Department of Energy (DOE) at the DOE's Nevada test site, in which the Army was the primary military player. The major objectives were to exercise and evaluate the Federal Emergency Management Agency's interface with DOD, the command and control of the joint DOD-DOE response forces, and the coordination of their technical and logistical support. These objectives were achieved, and the exercise also aroused greater awareness within federal and state governments of the need to plan and coordinate response procedures and to practice these procedures.
Military Support to Civil Authorities
The presidential campaign of 1980 and inauguration of 1981 created extensive requirements for Army support in communications and protection. For communications support, Signal Corps personnel were placed in a staging area at Fort Gordon, Georgia, and, from there, were dispatched in small teams to install and maintain radio equipment, to order commercial telephone service, and to provide communications support required by U.S. Secret Service protective details. Explosive ordnance disposal personnel also assisted the U.S. Secret Service in over 1,250 bomb searches throughout the United States and in several foreign countries. Following the election of President Reagan, the Army assisted both the outgoing and incoming administrations to ensure a smooth transition of the government's leadership. The Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army was the Army's Coordinator for Transition. Army actions included the preparation of orientation materials for the Reagan DOD transition team, special debriefings and information for outgoing Army secretariat officials, and orientation materials and briefings for nominees to Army secretariat positions.
The Military Assistance to Safety and Traffic Program, better known as MAST, began its second decade of service shortly before the start of this fiscal year. During the year Louisville, Kentucky, became a MAST operating site when the 316th Medical Detachment (Helicopter Ambulance) began providing emer-
gency medical helicopter transport services in the Louisville area. With this addition, there was a total of twenty-nine operating MAST sites supported by thirty-one units representing both the active and reserve components of the Army and Air Force. During the year, these units flew 3,326 missions, evacuated 3,284 patients, and logged 7,638 hours. Since MAST operations began in 1970, Army aeromedical units and Air Force rescue and recovery units have flown more than 54,000 hours to complete some 24,000 missions. These missions included transporting a total of 25,000 patients plus medical personnel, blood, and human organs for transplant.
When civilian air traffic controllers of the Federal Aviation Administration went on strike and were later dismissed from their jobs by President Reagan, the military services were called upon to fill the void until the air traffic control system could be rebuilt. A total of 1,248 controllers from all services were provided for duty with the Federal Aviation Administration, of which 315 were from the U.S. Army Communications Command. It is expected that their support will be needed through June 1983.
There was little demand this year for military support in either domestic or foreign disaster relief. Of eighteen domestic disasters and emergencies declared by the President, only two required support, and this amounted to only minor logistical and troop support. In Italy, the strongest earthquake in sixty-five years occurred southeast of Rome on 23 November 1980, killing over 3,000 people, injuring over 5,000, and leaving more than 250,000 homeless. In response to requests from the Italian government, the Army provided 130 men, 4 UH-1 helicopters, 1,000 tents, and other equipment to assist in relief operations.
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Last updated 17 September 2004


text:
Light a wintery spark when you coordinate the perfect fire and ice prom theme with Stumps. Choose from a selection of props, decorations, tableware, balloons and party favors that will go flawlessly with your evening's theme. Mix and match cool crystal supplies with radiantly reddened decorations to enhance the mood. Everyone will be shivering with delight when they receive a snow dome complete with a customized picture or message. The fire and ice swag bag is filled with prom favors that your guests will love. If you're looking for supplies for your fire and ice prom theme, Stumps is the place!
Make your big night special with fire and ice prom party supplies from Stumps. Find the perfect balance of fiery red with icy silver when you surround a flame prop with LED cube lights. Succeed in making prom a fiery royal event with the placement of a red aisle runner framed by flameless barrel candles. Give an even more theatrical look by having the king and queen walk through an LED curtain light before hitting the red carpet, and add an elegant chill to the décor by hanging an exquisite beaded chandelier from the ceiling. Finish decorating for prom with columns, beads and glitter that are designed to perfectly match any fire and ice prom theme.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
DONALD R. CROWELL, 57, of Muskegon died July 26. He was the husband of the former Deborah Burgoyne and employed at Hart & Cooley Heating and Cooling. Arrangements by Young.
JUSTINA (TINA MOM) HOPKINS of Muskegon died July 29 at Mercy Health Partners (Sherman Campus). She was the widow of Rance Hopkins. Arrangements by Divinity.
• Today's obituaries from The Muskegon Chronicle.


text:
Storytime Goals
- To educate and entertain our youngest patrons and their care givers.
- To explain, show examples, and empower adults to Read, Write, Play, Sing, and Talk with their children. These activities have been proven to increase the early literacy skills needed as children get ready to read, giving them a greater probability of school success.
- To provide fun and rich experiences that build a love of books, libraries, and reading that will stay with children for a lifetime.


text:
Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE March 8, 2004
(COLUMBUS)--- Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction (DRC) Director Reginald A. Wilkinson today released the Ohio Correctional Institutions Sexual Assault Abatement: A Ten Point Plan detailing the Department's efforts to prevent the sexual assault of inmates in Ohio prisons.
"DRC has always had a zero tolerance for sexual abuse of inmates, by either staff or by other prisoners," Wilkinson said. "The provisions included in this Ten Point Plan will strengthen and codify the policies and procedures related to inmate sexual assault. DRC will aggressively pursue anyone – staff or inmate - who victimizes others."
Director Wilkinson also announced the formation of an oversight committee to coordinate and monitor the implementation of the Ten Point Plan. The committee will be responsible for continually evaluating the plan's provisions and seeking new methods of combating inmate sexual abuse, as well as ensuring Ohio's compliance with all provisions of the Federal Prison Rape Elimination Act. DRC, furthermore, plans to work closely with the Ohio State Patrol and county prosecutors to seek indictments on violators.
For more information please contact the DRC Office of Public Information at (614) 752-1150.


text:
When Anthony Russo ran into trouble attracting buyers to his 25-unit franchise, New York Pizzeria, he decided to try something different.
"I thought giving $10,000 toward the opening of a new store would be a tremendous help and a tempting offer," he says. "But what good is $10,000 when [franchisees] can't get approved for a loan?"
With banks still recovering from a housing bust and volatile market, acquiring loans is difficult, especially for small operations like Russo's, where an investment is often deemed risky.
Such was the case for Allyson Huston, a Texas transplant from New Jersey, who pursued four banks over the course of almost two years before finding funding to open a New York Pizzeria location. She went to Wells Fargo and Wachovia where she was pre-approved for a loan at the start of 2008 and signed her lease soon after. Months later, finally prepared to start construction, she was denied.
"The banking rules changed and they reevaluated the loan," she says. "They decided I didn't have enough cash to match it, which I didn't understand. If I had that kind of money to begin with, I probably wouldn't need a loan."
She was eventually approved at Houston's First Bank in March 2009. "They gave me a loan in three weeks and the Small Business Administration (SBA) loan went through without trouble."
Russo says Huston's problems getting a loan reflect what small-business owners are experiencing nationwide. "The banks aren't funding, and the SBA isn't helping," he says.
In March the House Committee of Small Business approved earmarks totaling $17.5 billion dollars for the SBA's 7(a) program, the most commonly used loan by small businesses. While a productive step for the small-business community, the measure leaves business owners like Russo wondering when funds will begin to trickle down.
"It's a misconception we're just sitting on money, says Mike Stamler, director of public affairs at the SBA. "In fact the reason loan numbers are so low is because of the recession, and since the Recovery Act was passed lending is up 46 percent."
Stamler says the SBA guarantees more money each week and that loan volume has increased since mid-March.
In the mean time, he says, banks have grown more confident in lending practices because of recent changes made by the administration. "We raised the guarantee of each loan by 90 percent and eliminated the fees that borrowers have to pay," Stamler says.
He was quick to clarify, however, that the SBA does not distribute funds for loans. Instead that responsibility falls squarely on lenders. "SBA continues to guarantee loans to the restaurant business," he says.
While loans may be guaranteed, that doesn't mean the road to approval is an easy one.
"I want our Senators in Congress to know that banks aren't lending," Russo says. "I don't think they know what the real world is like. There are a lot of franchises going through what I'm going through."


text:
Jacksonville, FL, USA < change city >
Photographers (24)
Florists (21)
Coordinators (17)
DJs (17)
Bands (17)
Cakes (14)
Wedding Fashion (13)
Caterers (11)
Invitations (11)
Videographers (7)
Officiants (7)
Decorations (6)
Ceremony Musicians (6)
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Limos (4)
Ceremony Sites (104)
Reception Sites (75)
See All Vendors >
Metro Custom Cakes
9898 Lantern Street
Jacksonville, FL, United States
2 ratings, 2 reviews, 2 weddings
The most compliments I received after the wedding were the cakes; between the ama...
kakes by katie
maiden voyage circle south
jacksonville, fl 32257, U.S.A.
(904) 716-9915
1 rating, 1 review, 1 wedding
Katie made us a beautiful cake that tasted fabulous!
Vanilla's Cupcakery
4000 St. John's Ave.
suite 27
Jacksonville, FL 32205, United States
1 rating, 1 review, 1 wedding
The owner, Alex, came up withe exactly what I wanted for my cupcakes. He provided...
Metro Custom Cakes
Jacksonville, FL, USA
1 rating, 1 review, 1 wedding
The cake was delicious and affordable. They give a military discount and included...
Cinotti's bakery
1523 penman road
jacksonville beach, florida 32250, usa
Cakes/Candies, Caterers
1 rating, 1 review, 1 wedding
Cake was beautiful and tasted really good. Good advice to get smaller than numbe...
Piece A Cake By Gillian
1318 Cesery Blvd
Jacksonville, FL, United States
(904) 744-5533
1 rating, 1 review, 1 wedding
Gillian is an amazing cake artist. She did my older sister's wedding cake, my mom...
Kakes By Katie
Amelia Island, FL, USA
1 rating, 1 review, 1 wedding
The Wedding Cake and Grooms Cake (Marine Globe and Anchor) was just what my daugh...
Classic Cakes
4152 3rd Street South
Jacksonville Bch, FL, United States
1 rating, 0 reviews, 1 wedding
Edgewood Bakery
1012 Edgewood Avenue South
Jacksonville, FL, United States
1 rating, 0 reviews, 1 wedding
The Bridal Shoppe
Saint Louis, MO, USA
Jewelry/Accessories, Weddin...
2 ratings, 2 reviews, 2 weddings
I completely fell in love with my dress in the store and I knew I didn't want to ...


text:
Assessment has been defined as "(T)he systematic collection, review, and use of information about educational programs undertaken for the purpose of improving student learning" (Polomba and Banta, 1999). Furthermore, "Assessment is an ongoing process aimed at understanding and improving student learning. It involves making our expectations explicit and public; setting appropriate criteria and high standards for learning quality; systematically gathering, analyzing, and interpreting evidence to determine how well performance matches those expectations and standards; and using the resulting information to document, explain, and improve performance" Angelo, 1995).
According to the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (2003) "Every institution has an obligation to plan carefully its courses of instruction, to respond to student needs, to evaluate the effectiveness of that educational program in terms of the change it brings about in students, and to make improvements dictated by the evaluative process." The Department of Geology at Utah State University takes assessment very seriously, and has developed this assessment website in an effort to provide interested parties with useful information about the department's assessment activities. Please feel free to click on one or more of the links below if you would like to examine specific information related to these activities.


text:
Cyprus "blackmailed" by European Union
The countries of the European south, Greece in particular, have suffered due to the world crisis of capital. The crisis has now turned on the Mediterranean nation of Cyprus with a vengeance.
BRICS summit considers development bank
For any African country to have a strong competitor to play off against the companies and governments is seen as a step forward by many African leaders.
U. S. intervention in Cuba remains intense
A new GAO report reveals that monies directed at changing Cuba's government increased sharply after 2004, the George W. Bush administration, and have remained high during the Obama administration.
France sends troops into Central African Republic
France has sent 350 troops to counter the Seleka (rebel) forces that have taken control of Bangui, the capital of the Central African Republic.
After a long winter, tropical rain forest sounded lovely
I learned that the political left was influential in Costa Rica. But they were divided. A united left could form a winning coalition. The people of Costa Rica deserve nothing less.
Hugo Chavez and Yewri Guillen: two lives connected
The late Hugo Chavez and the late Yewri Guillen were both Latin Americans who, although they never knew each other and came from different countries, are deeply connected.
France and U.K. decide to go all out in Syria, others have doubts
Francois Hollande and David Cameron announced that their governments would push for an end to the European Union embargo on selling weapons to rebel forces in Syria.
Warnings about destabilization in Venezuela should be taken seriously
Acting President Maduro accused a group of right wing former U.S. officials of working to destabilize Venezuela and strongly suggested that his election opponent is in contact with those circles.
Murders of journalists on the rise worldwide
Worldwide intimidation of journalists, including murders, is rising, a panel of experts warns. And the U.S., despite its free press traditions and constitutional protections, rarely protests, the panel adds.
Cuban 5 wives meet with UN human rights chief
Adriana Perez, wife of Gerardo Hernandez, and Olga Salanueva, wife of Rene Gonzalez, requested UN intervention on human rights grounds to be able to visit their husbands (two of the five imprisoned Cubans known collectively as the Cuban 5) whom they have not seen in over a decade.


text:
on August 30, 2012 - 12:46 PM
JANESVILLE, Wis. – In a hometown "send-off" rally that doubled as a preview of the Republican National Convention speech he is set to give in Tampa later this week, Rep. Paul D. Ryan on Monday delivered an impassioned description of his family's journey to the United States from Ireland and outlined his vision for an America in which the role of community trumps that of government.
"We live together in freedom," presumptive GOP vice presidential nominee Ryan told a sea of more than 2,000 family members, friends, students and other supporters gathered in the gymnasium of his high school alma mater. "And what we do in our communities is we look out for one another. That's what's so special; that's what government can't replace or displace."
Ticking off a list of local charities and organizations including community nursing homes, the Boys and Girls Club, crisis pregnancy centers and the YMCA, Ryan told the crowd at Joseph A. Craig High School, "There are the things we do in our communities that bring us together to help our neighbors in need."
"You know, they call it 'civil society,' " he continued. "I call it Janesville, Wis. And what is important is that our government respects this, that our government honors this – that our government works for the people and not the other way around so that we can do this."
The event was as much a chance for Ryan to test-drive his highly anticipated convention speech – which he is set to deliver Wednesday night – as it was an opportunity for him to showcase his roots in this industrial community of 63,000.
In his two weeks on the campaign trail as the GOP vice presidential nominee, Ryan, a fifth-generation Janesville native who on Monday joked that he must have "67 cousins" in his hometown, has rarely made mention of his personal biography, instead focusing his praise on his running mate, Mitt Romney.
That was not the case on Monday.
Ryan's wife, Janna, and their three young children – Elizabeth, Charles and Samuel – made a rare appearance with him as he took the stage to cheers.
Introducing Ryan at the event were several local elected officials as well as the candidate's older brother, Tobin, after whose introduction Ryan joked: "Now you know I'm one of the less articulate members of the Ryan family."
In one of his first times doing so on the trail, Ryan spoke about his great-great-grandfather's immigration to the United States, telling the crowd that his family's story "is not that different from most Americans' stories."
"You know, back in the 1850s the potatoes stopped growing in Ireland, so our great-great-grandfather, with the shirt on his back, made his way to ... the outskirts of Janesville, Wisconsin. And he looked around, and it was summertime, and he said: 'This looks just like Ireland,'?" Ryan said.
"... The reason our family came here and the reason everybody else's family came here is because of what this country stands for. . . . You know, it's the only country founded on an idea, and that idea is precious," he added.


text:
Top Definition
A queer ass goblin. One who likes to eat assholes.
Erik Estrada is so fine!
Dude, don't be a Monti!
Dude, don't be a Monti!
โดย Montilicous 07 มิถุนายน 2007
Trending Now
Can you define these popular missing words?
Also See Montoxicated
Monti is montoxicated, again. He needs to fired, like he was from his last couple of jobs.
โดย Montificate 21 สิงหาคม 2007
A humble girl, not the most attractive, but nice. She puts others before herself, but that sometimes causes negative emotions toward her. A major push-over, but means well. Does not consider herself beautiful, people may consider her a loser, and only her close friends really know her.She's beautiful both inside and out and I love her.
Oh her?? Yeah, she's such a Monti.
โดย Silentsalvation 25 มิถุนายน 2010
The guy who is so completely kicking your ass that you can only post anonymous electrons in cyberspace.
I would love to talk some shit in public, but Monti will find out and dismantle me in broad daylight. Did you hear something? Oh fuck!
โดย Norsecock 25 พฤษภาคม 2007


text:
Tripp Lite SmartRack SR42UBTD Thermal Duct Premium Enclosure Rack CabinetItem#: T105-9066 | Model#: SR42UBTD
Currently Out Of Stock!
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- SmartRack SR42UBTD Thermal Duct Premium Enclosure Rack Cabinet
- Doors
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SmartRack enclosures are designed for secure, high density server and networking applications in IT environments. Thermal duct on the roof allows hot exhaust from mounted equipment to not only exit the enclosure but also remove the heat from the entire room. Vendor-neutral square hole/cage nut mounting for guaranteed compatibility with all EIA-310-D compliant 19" equipment. Enclosure ship fully assembled with duct just needing to be attached for rapid deployment on heavy duty casters. Toolless mounting slots allow quick installation of PDUs and vertical cable managers. Adjustable mounting rails. Lightweight modular doors and side panels. Integrated baying tabs facilitate combining enclosures in rows. SmartRack enclosures hold up to 3000 lbs. Perforated doors permit massive front to rear airflow. Enclosures are fully compatible with hot-aisle/cold-aisle data center configurations. Meets all enclosure requirements towards PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard) Compliance.
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( Length:47, Width:28, Depth:85)
Shipping Weight: 374.0000 pound(s)
Dimensional Weight: Not applicable, ships via truck
What is Dimensional weight?
Click here for full warranty and support information
- Tripp Lite logos are registered trademarks of Tripp Lite. All others trademarks and copyrights mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners.


text:
Police made an arrest Friday in a shooting at a Citrus Heights home.
Authorities said officers were called to the 7300 block of Single Way just before 8:30 p.m.
Investigators said the victim was shot several times, and he was taken to Mercy San Juan Hospital with serious, but not life-threatening, injuries.
Officials said Kathleen French, 44, knew the victim, and she was arrested at the scene and booked into the Sacramento County Jail on an attempted murder charge.
The victim's name was not released.


text: CDCs - or Community Development Corporations - are incorporated, nonprofit organizations situated in urban or rural distressed communities that work to improve those communities. CDC capacity - or capacity building - refers to activities aimed at improving the ability of a CDC to deliver, expand, and adapt in order to achieve its mission and goals, solve problems, and manage solutions. Capacity-building activities include direct financial assistance to help defray organizational costs, technical assistance on program and project ideas or on organizational problems, networking opportunities, and training. Such efforts aim not only to help CDCs meet an immediate need or solve a current problem, but also to increase the ability of CDCs to address similar needs or problems in the future.


text:
MyHeritage.com: Now in Afrikaans!
That's correct, yet another language has been added to MyHeritage.com! From today, your family site can now be displayed in 38 languages thanks to the addition of Afrikaans.
This follows the recent introduction of Latvian to our language options, which was very well received by our Latvian community.
There are some 20 million Afrikaans speakers and we are pleased to provide MyHeritage.com and Family Tree Builder software to that large community.
Afrikaans is spoken primarily in South Africa and Namibia and has a considerable Dutch influence. The language was brought to the Cape by Protestant settlers in the 17th century and has had sustained popularity since. Afrikaans can also be used as an adjective; relating to the Afrikaner people and their culture.
We hope that you and your family will find this new language useful.


text:
[Krabi hotels]
中 文
日 本
Andaman Beach Resort
65 Moo 7 Ao Nang, Muang
Krabi 81000
Phi Phi Island, Ton Sai Bay
Hotel category:
Traveler ratings
Summary of 29 reviews :
Room :
Facilities :
Service :
Location :
Andaman Beach Resort, the beautiful nature tropical place at Ao Ton Sai, Phi Phi Island. Hug to the white sand beach. Our paradise resort waits to welcome you to the privacy, natural, peace and beautiful a blue ocean along our beach. Makes you come alive again after touch and feel the blue clear sky, fresh atmosphere, cystal clear sea breeze. Feature 62 guest rooms with an optional for a family visitors where you can enjoy a luxurious living and the artistic natural setting of the surrounding nature. The greatest experience service hotel to visit.
Hotel summary
Rates & Reservation
Pictures & Facilities
Travel reviews
Other hotels nearby
Travel reviews for Andaman Beach Resort
Date of stay:
Feb 12, 2016
Accommodation and facilities:
Hotel is of a good standard and right next to the sea. Will stay there again. Little far from the pier to walk for persons with limited nobility.
Reservation service:
Always very helpful and efficient.
Feb 15, 2016
written by:
Rawinan Rossouw
Date of stay:
Apr 26, 2015
Accommodation and facilities:
Thr resort is quite, near the sea, good swiming pool and nice personal, all is well.
Reservation service:
Apr 29, 2015
written by:
Prochazkova Zdena
Date of stay:
Mar 06, 2015
Accommodation and facilities:
We had an Deluxe Bungalow .but no not deluxe at all. Very old and used furniture. Bedsheets were dirty. Everywhere were little insects, not these usual ones. A/C was working not correctly and all over dirty. Bathroom was also deeply below standard. The shower was just a tube out of the wall. No courtain or something else. Pool was very small. Staff didn t react on our complains. Totally Not worth 3 stars. Checked out the next day.
Reservation service:
Mar 09, 2015
written by:
Stephan Mertens
Date of stay:
Mar 04, 2015
Accommodation and facilities:
Location is perfect for accessing Long Beach and center of town. We rent family bungalow and slept very good. Room - clean with white sheets. Quiet place. Very good air condition. Bathroom - simple but effective. Furniture - a little tired, but OK. Breakfast – missing fresh fruits. Good price performance - recommending.
Reservation service:
Simple, easy and reliable booking.
Mar 10, 2015
written by:
Iztok Sustersic
Date of stay:
Jan 14, 2015
Accommodation and facilities:
We had one of the oldest bungalows with a very poor bathroom. Breakfast was good.
Reservation service:
Jan 28, 2015
written by:
Date of stay:
Jan 09, 2015
Accommodation and facilities:
Position ist gut am Rand gelegen -die Badebucht ist jedoch auf der anderen Seite der Insel 20 mi strammer Fußweg . Anlage und Unterkunft in die Jahre gekommen . Personal leider sehr schlecht geführt -faul und unfreundlich muss man leider sagen . Nicht mal pool oder sonst wo in der Anlage bekommt man mal einen Kaffee oder sonstiges .Echt schade wie man hier alles kaputt spart . Frühstück ist leider auch ein Witz -für Europäer ! Für 2 Tage auf der durch reise okay aber lagen Urlaub kann man hier nicht empfehlen leider
Reservation service:
Das Buchen auf Schäden ist einfach -alles wo wir gebucht hatten War auch in den Anlagen verfügbar kann ich nur empfehlen. Daß die Anlagen nicht so schön usw sind wie angepriesen ist nicht halt Thailand -
Jan 12, 2015
written by:
Marco Setzer
Date of stay:
May 21, 2014
Accommodation and facilities:
Nice hotel this is the second time we used this hotel when in phi phi, but must say the bungalows could do with some updating now.
Reservation service:
Excellent as usual, I have never had a problem using sawadee.com
May 27, 2014
written by:
David Richard Gilbert
Date of stay:
Mar 31, 2014
Accommodation and facilities:
Nice bungalows, but very old. Did not like the bathroom. Many mosquitos. Big minus for no Place to dry up whet clothes and towels. We had to use the bushes outside. slippers and shorts were stolen. Nice pool. Ok breakfast. Very Nice guys that helped us With luggage.
Reservation service:
Apr 08, 2014
written by:
Vivian Therjesen
Date of stay:
Mar 21, 2014
Accommodation and facilities:
All was fine, good breakfast, good service, bungalows are old and need renovation.
Reservation service:
Good booking services
Apr 03, 2014
written by:
SPOUSTOVA Bohuslava
Date of stay:
Mar 03, 2014
Accommodation and facilities:
Room was clean, but old furniture
Reservation service:
Mar 28, 2014
written by:
Date of stay:
Feb 20, 2014
Accommodation and facilities:
Hotel ok con piscina genial, poco mas. Opcion aceptable para corta estancia en las Phi Phi. Gente amable, pudimos quedarnos todo el tiempo que quisimos en la piscina tras el cheking out, ya que nuestro barco a Railey salia a las 15.00. Lo unico negativo fue ver a alemanes quejandose continuamente por todo.
Reservation service:
Everything ok
Feb 24, 2014
written by:
Marcos Dominguez
Date of stay:
Jan 26, 2014
Accommodation and facilities:
My comment is just for the standard bungalows with fan (my wrong choice), the location of the hotel was perfect for tranquility, but the bungalow I chose was painful, small and with a toilet shameful. These bungalows require a renovation, breakfast was very poor. The staff was polite and helpful.
Reservation service:
Feb 18, 2014
written by:
MIMO Angelo Giovanni
THB ฿ Thailand
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Andaman Beach Resort
is on beautiful tropical Phi Phi Island.
Your private paradise resort waits to welcome you to this natural, peaceful and beautiful setting with blue skies, refreshing sea breezes and a clear aquamarine sea in front of you. We have both of fan room and air conditioned rooms.
We have 62 bungalows where you can enjoy our special combination of luxurious living and the artistic natural setting of the surrounding nature.
:: Standard Bungalow Fan, Twin Bed - 9 Units ::
(Twin Bed Only) 2 Guests, fan, hot water, mini bar, cable TV., terrace.
:: Standard Bungalow A/C, Twin Bed - 9 Units ::
(Twin Bed Only) 2 Guests, air conditioner, hot water, mini bar, cable TV., terrace.
:: Deluxe Bungalow A/C - 32 Units ::
2 Guests, air conditioner, hot water, mini bar, cable TV., terrace.
:: Deluxe Room A/C - 44 Units ::
:: Deluxe Room 3 Pax ::
2 Guests, air conditioner, hot water, mini bar, cable TV., terrace.
:: Luxury Room, A/C ::
:: Bungalow Connecting Luxuriously - 10 Units ::
:: Deluxe Bungalow A/C, 3 Pax - 3 Units ::
3 Guests (1 Double Bed and extra bed ONLY, it does not have Twin and extra bed), air conditioner, hot water, mini bar, cable TV., balcony.
:: Family Bungalow 4 Pax - 2 Units ::
4 Guests, air conditioner, hot water, mini bar, cable TV., balcony.
:: Family Bungalow 5 Pax - 2 Units ::
5 Guests (2 Rooms) (2 Double Bed and extra bed ONLY, It does not have 2 Twin and extra bed), air conditioner, hot water, mini bar, cable TV., balcony, pool side.
:: Family Room Luxury Connecting Room 4 Pax - 5 Units ::
:: Family Bungalow Luxuriously 4 pax - 5 Units ::
All Room facilities
Fan or air conditioning
Electronic key card
TV with cable TV.
Mini bar
Hot and cold water shower
Swimming Pool:
Open 10.00 am. until 19.00 pm.
Internet Service:
We have internet high speed on system ADSL, contact at the front desk.
Massage Service:
We have Thai massage. With experience 20 years. If you have any question about your health. Please contact at Thai healing center.
Travel Agency:
We have tourist guide for customers. If you would like to go see another place of have any question please contact at tourist information.
From / to the Airport contact at the front desk.
Laundry Service:
We have laundry service just 60 bath per one kilo. Please contact at front desk.
Open daily. 11.00 - 17.00 hrs. Serve breakfast: 07.30 - 10.30 hrs. Capacity: 100 persons.
We serve Thai and European food and Especially delicious seafood. Always Fresh, guaranteed!
Andaman Beach Resort is on Phi Phi Don, Phi Phi Island.
From Krabi:
10.00 and 14.30 The harbor is near Krabi Town (Klong Jilad Pier), Tickets attainable at the Harbor. In High Season (approximately October - April) there are also ferries to and form Koh Lanta and Ao Nang (near Krabi Town). Once your arrived to Phi Phi Island we have staff waiting for you at Tonsai Pier show signboard hotel's name as the guest leave the luggage's with the barrow car and walking along with our staff.
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[Andaman Beach Resort ]
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I'm a French student living in London. I want to study art at Foundation level starting in September and just got offered a place on the foundation course both at oxford Brookes and City & Guilds.
The problem is, I cannot make a decision. I have been for the past few days weighting the pros and the cons of each uni but I still haven't chosen.
City & Guilds: I fell in love with this school since i first opened the door on an open day. It is the school of my dreams. Everything there is about art, and I love that it only takes 60 students on the course. On the other hand, there aren't any halls, and the student life ain't amazing. Also, even if I'm under 19 there are quite expensive fees to pay...
Oxford Brookes: a huge uni with many students in Oxford, which means a great student life. On the + side, moving to Oxford would mean having my own flat, living in halls, which is kinda cool but the art department in itself isn't as exciting as City & Guilds' , and student life is expensice (halls, self-catering etc..)
City & Guilds have given me until the 19th of March to reply...
What should I do?? Please anyone
Art Foundation 2012: Oxford Brookes or City & Guilds?
|Posted on
|Take our short survey, £100 of Amazon vouchers to be won!
Foundation is only one year, so you should think ahead about what you want to do afterwards. I presume you want to study art - would you like to do it in Oxford or London? If I were you I'd go for Oxford, but I hate London
i'd say go where you're going to benefit the most from the course - you're going to have three years to experience uni, and most people do their art foundation at a local college anyway, so i'd say go with city & guilds if you can afford it. then after that, live out your student life when you're doing your degree!
i'm going to city and guilds next year for foundation!
I wasn't sure what to do either whether to choose somewhere with a better student life, but it's only 6 months and i think you'll get a better education just choose somewhere next year which is bigger for your degree!
I sent my letters today.
I chose City & Guilds and I'm really looking forward to September! (I actually cannot wait!!)
LEN17, where are you from?
yaaay! ill see you next year then!
i'm from london not that far from city and guilds, what about you?
I'm from Paris, France but I live in wimbledon
Can't wait til' september i want to start now haha!
Anyone else had an offer from City & Guilds?
i just got an offer to city and guilds! i'm pretty sure i'm going to accept, i'm really happy
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text:
Fixed PriceBudget: $400
Start DateOctober 5, 2013
Hello, What I need to developer it's a very easy website that takes data from Wikipedia ape and visualize it in a new template.
The template it's very easy but need to be responsive I attached a mock-up I'm waiting for the final version.
Moreover i would like to add a speech-recognize in the search box we can use this api from Google (https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/speech-api/raw-file/tip/speechapi.html) or other if you like just needs to be free, and TTS for the text in the articles I find this free api service (http://tts-api.com/) but again if you know other free its fine.
So basically user search something in our site using speech recognition it gets data from Wikipedia api and visualize it in the site. Than if the user likes and use the text to speech features. More over a simple page for collect feedbacks, contact us, about us and a donate page(paypal). That's it.
The site needs to be develop in MVC in order to re-use the front end like a framework in the future projects
Please find attached the mock-up.
About the Client
Rome 02:22 PM
Jobs Posted
60% Hire Rate, 1 Open Job
Total Spent
14 Hires, 0 Active
Avg Hourly Rate Paid
5 Hours


text:
On this episode of the Spurscast, Jeff and I talk about the latest San Antonio Spurs news, with a focus on the Spurs losing out on both Kenyon Martin and Chris Kaman.
The Spurs could use another big body in the post, and with Martin heading to the Clippers and the Hornets changing their mind about Kaman, the Spurs have limited free agent options, but could still try to make a move before the trade deadline.
Once you hear our thoughts on the topic, be sure to sound off in the comments section with your thoughts.
The Spurscast. The original Spurs podcast.


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Just cut up carrots, celery, radishes, cucumbers, and red peppers into sticks, circles and strips and let the kids create. Brocolli and raw baby spinach works great for hair, and olives make perfect eyeballs. Put out a bowl of low-fat dip and watch the magic show of disappearing vegetables.
Monday, October 31, 2011
Vegetable Monsters
Is it Frankenstein or Dracula? I am not sure, but this vegetable monster was a big hit at the dinner table. I thought my boys (6 and 7) were beyond the age where cutting "undesirable" food into cute shapes would entice them to eat it, but I was wrong - it worked like a charm.
Posted by Kirsten Harrington at 9:32 AM No comments:
Labels: healthy Halloween vegetables
Thursday, October 27, 2011
Scary Snacks
Stick a craft stick in the bottom of the "boo-nanner" and eat it or freeze and enjoy frozen.
Posted by Kirsten Harrington at 7:30 PM No comments:
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)


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The potential school bus strike facing Charleston and Dorchester 2 school districts couldnt happen in 43 of South Carolinas 46 counties. Thats because drivers in all but three districts are public employees and, as such, are forbidden by state law from collective bargaining or going on strike.
But in Charleston, Dorchester 2 and Beaufort districts, the bus systems are operated by contractors, though the buses are owned by the state.
And the contractors operate the bus systems using drivers who are union members. The drivers had not yet chosen to affiliate with the Teamsters when privatization was approved by the school boards in those three districts. Indeed, in Charleston a successful organizing vote was held in 2006, nearly 10 years after privatization. In Beaufort, the union vote was held in 2007 and in Dorchester 2, last year.
Union members voted this month to strike in Charleston and Dorchester 2 if their pay and benefit demands arent met.
Meanwhile, the state Board of Education has authorized an emergency plan to keep the buses running in the event of a strike.
Thats essential, though it would create problems of its own, since new drivers wouldnt be familiar with the routes. Hopefully, there will be no problems with replacement drivers crossing picket lines, if strikes occur.
It would be even better if the districts didnt have the distraction of pending strikes, or the major headaches that would follow.
Charleston and Dorchester 2 districts are in the unenviable position of facing the consequences of a strike over which they have no control, except to urge the two parties to reach a resolution.
As soon as it is feasible, the school boards in each district should reconsider the possibility of reassuming full authority over the operation of their bus systems.
Privatization has its benefits, but they are quickly outweighed when labor problems complicate the transportation of public school students.
State advocates of school bus privatization, including Gov. Nikki Haley, should acknowledge that lesson and rethink plans to support further privatization.
The possibility of a strike should figure into the cost-benefit analysis of such plans.
Meanwhile, school boards across the state should be paying attention to what is happening in Charleston and Dorchester 2 districts. Certainly officials in Beaufort are paying close attention. Any privatization plans in other districts should be put on hold.
We urge a timely resolution of the dispute. If that fails, there could be troublesome, costly results.
In any event, the public and their elected school board members across the state have been forewarned about the unintended consequences of privatizing a school bus system.


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I am very confused what is going on with my application.
I have a complex C++/CLI and WPF application that I've migrated to .NET 4 to take advantage of the WPF goodies. I'm having problems though with the deployment and running of our app on fresh XP installs.
Right now the installer will install the Visual C++ 2010 redist and .Net 4 client profile, then our application. On XP this doesn't seem to be enough. In it's current state it will crash upon running the .exe. By chance I guessed perhaps our CLI based
.dll has some dependencies on some old libs, so I also installed the Visual C++ 2008 redist. Now when I run I see the splash screen for our application, but I get an error dialog that says:
"To run this application, you first must install one of the following versions of the .NET Framework: 2.0.50727"
If I click the yes button it redirects me to install .Net 4 again. For kicks I tried installing the .NET 3.5 SP1 framework and my application runs.
How can I troubleshoot what is going on?
Answer 1
If I run the application on my Win7 developer machine (with all .NETs installed) I can one reference to a .NET 2.0 lib.
'Kudu.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsCodecs.dll', Exports loaded.
'Kudu.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\mscorwks.dll', Exports loaded.
'Kudu.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\winsxs\x86_microsoft.vc80.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_8.0.50727.4927_none_d08a205e442db5b5\msvcr80.dll', Exports loaded.
Any reason why this is pointing to the old lib?
Answer 2
Check your references (either in vs.net or use reflector on your binaries) and perhaps your config file to see if they reference they 2.x framework.
Answer 3
Answer 4


text:
Next Firefox 3 Beta
The Mozilla developers have worked around 900 improvements into the fourth beta version.
Prior to the final release of the browser, which is still roughly scheduled for early 2008, there will be a fifth test version.
Optimization with respect to performance, memory usage and stability are typical of the updates between two beta releases. The developers mainly attribute the speed gains to Javascript engine tuning.
Feedback from a testers contributed to the considerable number of improvements. Further bug reports are welcome at Bugzilla. The Release Notes have a full list of the changes. The major changes include work on the download manager, which considerably improves the user's ability to find files they have downloaded. At the same time downloads will be searchable and attributable to the website they originated from.
The new zoom function in the "View" menu, which is also accessible by means of a keyboard shortcut, offers various features for zooming texts, images and the whole page layout.
The browser's multiplatform ability is due to customized menu bars, icons and widgets in the style of Windows Vista, Mac OS X and native GTK themes for Linux.
Issue 192/2016
Buy this issue as a PDF
Nextcloud Announces Raspberry Pi-Powered Home Cloud Box
Innovative system adds a hard drive and Ubuntu Core to the RPi for an IoT hub.
Linus Torvalds Confirms the Date of the First Linux Release
Linux is two weeks younger than we thought!
End of OpenOffice?
The Apache Software Foundation considers retiring OpenOffice
Adobe Gives New Life to NPAPI Plugin for Linux
Adobe won't kill the plugin in 2017
LinuxCon North America Convenes in Toronto, Canada
Linux Foundation's big event celebrates the 25th anniversary of Linux
Linux Turns 25
Linux has evolved from "won't be a professional" project to one of the most professional software projects in the history of computers.
Mirantis Joins Hands with SUSE To Offer RHEL Support; Red Hat Not Happy
Competitors get in the game with RHEL without Red Hat
Linux on Windows 10 Poses a Security Risk
Security researchers have already notified Microsoft; some fixes are available
Mirantis to Refactor OpenStack Fuel for Kubernetes
The company is collaborating with Google and Intel to use Kubernetes as an engine for Fuel
Canonical Joins Document Foundation Advisory Board
The upcoming release of LibreOffice will be available as a snap package


text:
Odyssey Dragon Fly RC Gyro Helicopter - 2.4 GHz, 3.5 Channel, Red (ODY-908G)Item#: TI9-102106749 | Model#: ODY-908R
Currently Out Of Stock!
Odyssey Dragon Fly RC Gyro Helicopter Product Details
Odyssey Dragon Fly RC Gyro Helicopter
Have an amazing fun inside or outside with the Dragon Fly helicopter. Odyssey's newest 3.5 channel coaxial helicopter has a high tech look that makes this chopper look like it belongs on another planet. The Dragon Fly has awesome LED lights, and its bigger battery will have you playing for a long time, plus it also has a 2.4GHz LCD transmitter. The technology doesn't end there, this helicopter also has a built-in Odyssey Gyrotech Technology which is able to lock the heading and prevent continuous rotation of the helicopter's chassis. The Odyssey Dragon Fly RC Gyro Helicopter prides itself on fun and flight stability get yours today!
What It Is And Why You Need It:
- Fly indoor & outdoor; why end the fun in the park when you can continue playing at home
- Odyssey Gyrotech Technology; allows the helicopter to fly more stable
- 2.4 GHz radio frequency technology; enhances the reach of the receiver from the transmitter
- High Bright LED lights; allows the helicopter to be seen in low light situations
- High and low speed function; maneuver the chopper in every way you want
Manufactured by: Odyssey Toys
Warranty provided by: Odyssey Toys
UPC No: 609722356749
Mfg Part No: ODY-908R
Box Size:
( Length:22, Width:8, Depth:11)
Shipping Weight: 3.2000 pound(s)
Dimensional Weight: 9pounds
What is Dimensional weight?
Click here for full warranty and support information
- Odyssey Toys logos are registered trademarks of Odyssey Toys. All others trademarks and copyrights mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners.


text:
BUILD engine is the game engine behind Duke Nukem 3D, Shadow Warrior, Blood, and many other titles of the 90s. It was one of the most popular engines to be licensed third-party until the Unreal Engine.
The statistics above update daily and provide insight into how well articles, files, videos, images and other content you post is affecting the popularity of your engine. If you wish to track these statistics on your homepage, blog, facebook or even in news and forum posts here, please use the following embed code:
Click for a text link | Click for an icon | Click for a button | More »
We recommend you link to your engine profile on your homepage, blog, forum and other communities you are a member of like Facebook and Twitter. To help you do this you can copy and paste any of the code options on your right, or check out our mediakit.
All content linked with your profile including archived downloads, news etc is still being tracked and included on the above graph even if it isn't mentioned.


text:
Top Story
Top Story
Top Story
How Many More Weeks of Winter?
Dan Miller of Winchester brushes snow off the roof of his car as a light snow fell in the area Sunday morning. (Photo by Ginger Perry/The Winchester Star)
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text:
Single Article Purchase:
Clarification of Conflict of Interest Disclosures
Kruszewski SP.
Published online December 5, 2012
Choose criteria for pricing info
Want online access for an institution? Learn More/Request Quote >
Obtain AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ by reading an article and completing an online quiz. Quizzes are available to AMA Members, subscribers, and those who have purchased tokens.


text:
Psychic, traveler, writer and volunteer UN.
Awakened as Extrasensory perception and psychokinesis phenomenon source six years ago, after hard emotional distress. Gifst was used for:
Managed visions, empathy, prevention of cardiac arrest, light healing after toxic damage, healing of danger jumps in blood pressure, headaches, draining power of earthquake, self-healing, light psychokinesis phenomenon effects (with hard lowering the temperature of air - normal case above me, bu the way).
Objectives: Helping with dangerous abnormal electromagnetic effects and coming into contact with hazardous "abnormals", various psy tracing, helping in hard cases of reanimation after cardiac arrests (like sharing an own heart with a victim), psychological effects to dangerous people.
Register with the Parapsychological Association website to participate in the discussion, or sign in if you already have an account.
The Parapsychological Association is an international professional organization of scientists and scholars engaged in the study of psi (or 'psychic') experiences, such as telepathy, clairvoyance, psychokinesis, psychic healing, and precognition. The primary objective of the PA is to achieve a scientific understanding of these experiences.
First established in 1957, the PA has been an affiliated organization of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) since 1969. The PA is a non-profit, non-adjudicating organization that endorses no ideologies or beliefs other than the value of rigorous scientific and scholarly inquiry.


text:
Daily Journal
JACKSON – Two Northeast Mississippi circuit court decisions were affirmed Tuesday by the Mississippi Court of Appeals, including a probation revocation.
In the case of Alan Wayne Ross in Pontotoc County, the appeals court upheld Judge James L. Roberts Jr.'s decision to deny him review of revocation of probation for his 1997 conviction and 21-year sentence for sale of cocaine.
Ross appealed revocation, saying the court failed to ask why he didn't pay his court costs and fees, and that his probation was revoked because of a charge against him without evidence that he committed it.
COA Judge Eugene Fair, writing for the 10-0 opinion, stated that while Ross claimed his probation was revoked unconstitutionally, the trial judge was correct to act because Ross failed to pay court costs and post-release supervision fees.
Fair writes that Ross did not claim to be indigent and indicated to Roberts that he was making enough on probation to pay the costs but did not.
In the case of Brenda Fair, she appealed dismissal of her unemployment-benefits case by Judge Jim Seth Pounds in Monroe County.
COA Judge Jimmy Maxwell, writing for the 10-0 opinion, said Fair waited too long to file her appeal in circuit court, which made the dismissal appropriate.
Fair and Ross may appeal to the Mississippi Supreme Court.


text:
Convince Her Not To Move In
Page 2 of 2
Your routines will clashMen love routine. Wake up, scratch the junk, watch some SportsCenter over a bowl of Cocoa Puffs, do some damage to the porcelain throne, shave and shower, and then it's off to the daily grind. Then it's a countdown until the evening routine that helps you unwind from the typically crappy day. Now, throw another person into the mix that wakes up at a different time, watches the Today Show, prefers Kashi, and spends hours in the bathroom every morning doing Lord knows what with more metal instruments than a plastic surgeon. Sure, it's fine on the mornings of the occasional sleepover, but you need to prepare the right way or it throws the whole day off kilter.
Explain to her that neither of you should have to give up the way you live your life just to save a couple of bucks a month on rent. She has her routine, you have yours, and right now they wouldn't work well together. On those occasions she does sleep over, really drive home the point about how much the routine would clash by getting in her way at every moment. Dropping a deuce while she is in the shower should be more than enough proof. You can't help it; the body has its own schedule!


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Treatment Reviews: Proper Posture for Shoulder Pain
|Average Result
a Lot
a Little
|No Change
|Made Worse
|Shoulder Pain
|Proper Posture
- ipapyrus
- Female
- 28 years old
- 205 pounds
- 5 Feet 7 Inches
one person found this helpful
historic treatment descriptionview case
Treatment Combo: Anti-inflammatory Medication (NSAID) + Ice + Diet Management + Exercise + Proper Posture + Shoulder Sling
one person found this helpful
historic treatment descriptionview case
Treatment: Proper Posture
I have severe burning in my right shoulder blade. Wearing a bra seems to aggravate this problem. I was in a car wreck in 1992, but did not start having pain until 1993. I don't know if this was caused by a car wreck or not. I would like to ...view case
Treatment Combo: Strengthening + Ice + Ultrasound + Massage Therapy + Physical Therapy + Reflexology Treatment + Hydrotherapy + Range of Motion Exercises + Stretching Treatment + Rest + Heat Therapy + Pressure + Proper Posture + Individual Therapy + Change of Sleeping Position + Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment + Essential Oils + Therapy Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation - TENS + Biofreeze + Icy Hot
Dates: May 15, 1992 - Ongoing
Dates: May 15, 1992 - Ongoing
Found something that works for you?
Share your case with others who will find it useful!
Share your case with others who will find it useful!


text:
KALAMAZOO, MI -- Voters in Kalamazoo Public Schools overwhelmingly approved renewing the district's 18-mill nonhomestead levy, passing the request by almost a 2-to-1 margin.
The final, unofficial vote was 3,464-1,220.
The tax is levied on commercial property and second homes and does not affect owner-occupied residences. The 18 mills is part of school districts' operating revenues and if a community refuses to levy the tax, that amount is deducted from districts' per-pupil foundation allowance.
In the case of Kalamazoo Public Schools, the tax generates about $20.2 million a year, about 16 percent of their operating budget.
The district asked voters to renew the tax for 20 years.
Mack is a reporter for the Kalamazoo Gazette. Contact her at firstname.lastname@example.com or 269-350-0277, or follow
her on Twitter at Twitter.com/kzjuliemack
For all posts by Julie Mack, click here.


text:
Republicans unveil government funding measure
WASHINGTON -- Republicans controlling the House moved Monday to give the Pentagon more money for military readiness while easing the pain felt by such agencies as the FBI and the Border Patrol from the across-the-board spending cuts that are starting to take effect.
The measure would leave in place automatic cuts of 5 percent to domestic agencies and 7.8 percent to the Pentagon ordered by President Barack Obama Friday night after months of battling with Republicans over the budget. But the House Republicans' legislation would award the Defense and Veterans Affairs departments their detailed 2013 budgets while other agencies would be frozen at 2012 levels -- and then bear the across-the-board cuts.
The new GOP funding measure is set to advance through the House on Wednesday. It's aimed at preventing a government shutdown when a six-month spending bill passed last September runs out March 27.
The latest measure would provide an increase for military operations and maintenance efforts as well as veterans' health programs but would put most of the rest of the government on budget autopilot.
After accounting for the across-the-board cuts, domestic agencies would face reductions exceeding 5 percent when compared with 2012. But Republicans would carve out a host of exemptions, seeking to protect certain functions, including federal prisons and firefighting efforts in the West, and to provide new funding for embassy security and modernizing the U.S. nuclear arsenal. The FBI and the Border Patrol would be able to maintain current staffing levels and would not have to furlough employees.
The legislation would provide about $2 billion more than the current level to increase security at U.S. embassies and diplomatic missions worldwide. Last September, a terrorist attack on the U.S. diplomatic mission in Benghazi, Libya, killed Ambassador Chris Stevens and three other Americans. A project to repair the Capitol Dome in Washington could stay on track, and NASA would be protected from the harshest effects of the automatic cuts.
Obama presided Monday over the first meeting of his new Cabinet in a sobering climate of fiscal belt-tightening, urging humane management of spending cuts for communities and families that are "going to be hurting."
"We can manage through it," the president told reporters. Obama and members of his Cabinet had been warning for weeks that the cuts would be painful, but the fact is they will be slow to take effect, with the first furloughs of government workers not due until April.