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MPA NEWS Vol. 6, No. 11 June 2005
Applying Lessons from Rainforest Protected Areas to MPA Management: Interview with Tom Struhsaker
Hawai'i Resource Managers Propose State Marine Reserve for NWHI
MPA Perspective: Science, Participation,
and Politics in MPA Management
By Nancy Dahl-Tacconi, University of Queensland
Notes & News:
IMPAC1 - Precautionary principle - Pew Fellows - Biodiversity loss - Western Pacific - Arctic ecosystems - Tsunami links
Letters to the Editor
In a paper published in the May 2005 issue of the journal Biological Conservation, biologist Tom Struhsaker of Duke University (US) wrote that the most successful rainforest protected areas in Africa are those with a combination of characteristics, including public support, strong law enforcement, large size, and low human population densities nearby. His research, involving a survey of dozens of scientists and managers at 16 African parks and wildlife preserves, also concluded that investment in economic development around parks - such as for agriculture or ecotourism - does not necessarily correlate with park success in meeting conservation goals. In fact, he said, success in development programs can draw more people to a region and thereby increase stress on protected areas.
Although Struhsaker cautions that his study should not be viewed as definitive, he says its lessons may be applicable to other types of protected areas - including, potentially, MPAs. Below, MPA News talks with Struhsaker about the implications of his research for protected areas in general. His paper, "Conserving Africa's rain forests: problems in protected areas and possible solutions", was co-authored by Paul Struhsaker and Kirstin Siex (Biological Conservation, Vol. 123, Issue 1, pp. 45-54) and was supported by the Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, a program of Conservation International.
MPA News: In your paper, you suggest that the success of a protected area depends in part on the level of public support for that site. How can human attitudes and values be influenced to the benefit of protected areas?
Tom Struhsaker: This is one of the most difficult and important questions confronting the majority of protected areas (PAs) everywhere, and the answers will surely differ among cultures and over time. Many adhere to the idea that conservation can be bought. Our studies and numerous others indicate otherwise. Indeed, economic incentives can often assist in generating the initial interest in conservation but, ultimately, this is unlikely to succeed because (a) the majority of people always desire more and (b) populations continue to grow. More lucrative and destructive options usually prevail.
My view is that the most effective conservation happens when a significant segment of the neighboring human population practices an ethic that respects other species and the need for conserving intact ecosystems. Although our results did not show a strong correlation between conservation education and PA success, I continue to endorse the idea that conservation education in some form must be fundamental to changing behavior and attitudes. Clearly, there is need for detailed study of this issue.
MPA News: In successful PA management, how important is the relationship between park management and the community?
Tom Struhsaker: Certainly, good relations between park management and the neighboring community are vitally important. We emphasize, as well, that there are other ultimate factors that influence PA success, including human population growth and levels of consumption per capita.
While there may not be a single strategy for achieving good working relationships between PA management and the neighboring community, two of the African park wardens I interviewed and worked with offered some relevant advice. Their message was that you cannot and should not try to buy off the local community. Simply throwing money at them will not solve the problem nor win their cooperation. Instead these wardens felt that park authorities should strive to be good neighbors with the local communities. This involves frequent meetings with the local community to discuss each other's problems. The critical part of this relationship is that good neighbors help one another within the limits of their abilities and resources. In other words, it is a two-way, give-and-take process.
While this approach may not work in every culture, it certainly worked well for these two wardens and is a process worthy of consideration in general. One outstanding advantage of this approach is that it attempts to remain current and flexible, thereby allowing for changes in human demography, culture, economics, climate, and environment.
MPA News: What advice would you give a PA manager on how to make his or her protected area effective?
Tom Struhsaker: There is no single set of strategies that will work for all PAs nor for any given PA in perpetuity. Management practices must be flexible and adaptable according to local circumstances, including changes over time. Ecological monitoring programs are critical to evaluating the successes and failures of PA management practice and must be a fundamental and ongoing component of PA management. Without them, there is no objective way of determining the success of the PAs or of anticipating and understanding problems within the PA. In this regard, there must be full collaboration and understanding between managers and scientists.
For more information:
Thomas Struhsaker, Department of Biological Anthropology and
Anatomy, Box 90383, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0383, USA. Tel: +1
919 490 5352; E-mail: email@example.com
|BOX: Struhsaker et al. paper is online
The Struhsaker et al. paper "Conserving Africa's rain forests: problems in protected areas and possible solutions" is available in PDF format at http://www.baa.duke.edu/FacPages/conserving_africas.pdf.
The board responsible for managing natural resources for the state of Hawai'i (US) has approved a proposal to designate a no-take marine reserve in all state waters of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, or NWHI. Boundaries of the proposed 2645-km2 NWHI State Marine Refuge would extend three nautical miles from the islands and atolls of the archipelago (excluding Midway Atoll, which is a national wildlife refuge and not part of the state). Nearly all extractive activity, including commercial and recreational fishing, would be banned. The exception: allowance of traditional practices of Native Hawaiians, which could include limited harvest.
For the reserve to take effect, the proposal must now receive approval from various state officials, including the state governor. Chairman Peter Young of the Board of Land and Natural Resources says he expects final approval in the coming months. "We want to get this implemented as soon as possible," he says. The proposal reflects two rounds of public hearings over three-and-a-half years. The 25,000 public comments generated by the hearings overwhelmingly favored no-take zones, says Young. An earlier state plan to designate the waters as a fishery management area - allowing some commercial fishing - was retracted due to public opposition.
NWHI waters, including those under federal jurisdiction, contain roughly 70% of all US coral reefs. The largely uninhabited NWHI archipelago stretches westward from the main Hawaiian Islands for more than 1200 miles (roughly 2000 km).
"Do no harm"
The ban on recreational fishing in the proposed refuge includes the use of catch-and-release methods. Young says this is partly due to the remoteness of the area, which would make enforcement difficult: it would be a challenge to monitor the activities of each fisherman to see whether he was releasing his catch back to the water. Nonetheless, Young expects the reserve to have little effect on current NWHI fishing activity, including commercial fishing. Although a small number of commercial vessels target bottomfish species in federal waters of the NWHI, seaward of the three-mile state boundary, there has been little commercial activity in state waters since the mid-1990s. Recreational fishing is uncommon due to the remoteness of the islands.
Under the proposed regulations, any entry into the reserve - including by Native Hawaiians, as well as scientists and educators - would require a state-issued permit to do so. Furthermore, all permitted activity must "do no harm" to the ecosystem.
Stephanie Fried, senior scientist with Environmental Defense, an NGO, applauds the "do no harm" principle established for the reserve and the willingness of officials to take a strong preservationist stand. "It takes an act of significant political courage to withdraw the flawed plan initially proposed by the state and to seek additional input from the public," she says. Cha Smith, executive director of KAHEA, a local alliance of Native Hawaiian cultural practitioners and environmental activists, says the proposed rule "reflects the economics, existing law, science, Native Hawaiian rights, and broad and consistent public sentiment."
Meanwhile, federal NWHI waters beyond the state's marine boundary are undergoing their own management review process. These waters, designated in 2000 by former President Bill Clinton as the 340,000-km2 NWHI Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve (MPA News 2:6), contain several no-take zones but allow fishing elsewhere. Under consideration for re-designation as a marine sanctuary under the nation's National Marine Sanctuary Program (NMSP), the area's regulations could be altered to be more restrictive - that is, completely no-take - or less restrictive. Young says the state is working with NMSP and other federal partners in hopes of establishing a "seamless management regime" for all NWHI waters. Legislators might also get involved: US Congressman Ed Case of Hawai'i has introduced a bill to Congress (the NWHI National Marine Refuge Act of 2005) that, if passed, would designate the entire federal reserve as a no-take area. This would create the largest no-take area in the world. The text of that bill is available in PDF format at http://wwwc.house.gov/case/NWHI%20NMR%20Act.PDF.
For more information:
Peter Young, Board of Land and Natural Resources, P. O. Box 621, Honolulu, HI 96809, USA. Tel: +1 808-587-0400; E-mail: email@example.com
Stephanie Fried, Environmental Defense, P.O. Box 520, Waimanalo, HI 96795, USA. Tel: +1 808 262 7128; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Cha Smith, KAHEA, P.O. Box 27112, Honolulu, HI 96827, USA. Tel:
+1 808 524 8220; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com;
Web: www.kahea.org
|Editor's note: Nancy Dahl-Tacconi is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Queensland, Australia, studying the roles of science and social context in evaluating effectiveness of MPAs. She is also employed with the Marine Protected Areas Taskforce of the Australian Department of Environment and Heritage (DEH). The views expressed in this essay are her own and do not necessarily reflect those of DEH.
By Nancy Dahl-Tacconi, University of Queensland
Once upon a time, there was a young MPA lost in the first review of its management plan. The plan, drafted in a rush five years earlier by an understaffed management agency, had led to conflicts between management and stakeholder groups. Displaced fishermen, arguing for a smaller no-take zone, wanted social and economic costs to be considered in the new plan: "You need to involve us more in decision-making," they told the managers. Conservationists, arguing for a larger no-take zone to protect an endangered species, told the managers, "You need to base your decisions on science, not politics."
What would you advise the managers to do?
Many management agencies face pressures like these. Stakeholders are often dissatisfied with prior management decisions, which they view as not having considered the relevant environmental or social systems. There seem to be two distinct themes in society's reaction to this discontent: a push for science-based management and a movement toward more participatory decision-making processes. There are benefits and limits to each approach. I propose that these two approaches should be applied together, not separately.
The term "science-based management" is used frequently in policies and scientific publications on MPAs, as well as other fields of resource management. Proponents claim that this approach is implicitly more rational and objective than other strategies - thus, more capable of delivering acceptable decisions. The concept emphasizes the need for rigorous examination of natural and social conditions to increase understanding and capacity to make better decisions. The underlying assumptions are that rigor leads to transparency and that better scientific knowledge leads to better management decisions. (Other stakeholders may disagree.)
If "science-based management" means that decisions are justified primarily on the basis of scientific knowledge alone, there are at least three reasons why it may be neither feasible nor desirable practice:
Where public demand requires more transparency in decision-making, practitioners are increasingly turning to a range of participatory processes, ranging from one-way communication to more interactive dialogues and shared decision-power. Proponents assert that participatory processes are critical to uncovering and interpreting a diverse pool of information that comes from natural and social sciences - in addition to informal knowledge about social and cultural norms, local language, historical experiences and technical practices. Participatory processes are also promoted to facilitate mutually acceptable decisions when a variety of interests are involved. If done well these processes can lead to increased awareness and appreciation for different value systems. The underlying assumption is that the most acceptable decision is the most appropriate and sustainable one. (Some scientists may disagree.)
Participation can also be expensive and time-consuming. In addition, it risks hardening inflexible positions if information is not free-flowing, if interactions are not well-facilitated, or if participants are not committed to the process.
Both scientific knowledge and participatory processes are desirable for improving management effectiveness. Neither is adequate in isolation. Finding a way to merge the two approaches, to take advantage of the strengths of each, involves processing multiple sources of information in a complicated social context with multiple value systems and multiple conflicting interests. This is not an easy task.
A promising alternative for improving management decisions comes from the business world. Rational negotiation, which makes use of interactive participation and a range of information sources, can lead to creative solutions that are both acceptable and sustainable. Negotiating rationally involves focusing on interests rather than positions and exploring integrated alternatives rather than tug-of-war. When managers and stakeholders negotiate this way, information - scientific or not - is used jointly to forge a common path forward rather than as ammunition to defend opposing positions. It is an approach that integrates scientific reasoning and political reality rather than segregating them.
For more information:
Nancy Dahl-Tacconi, School of Natural and Rural Systems Management,
University of Queensland, Australia. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
|BOX: More on rational negotiation
For readers who want to learn more about rational negotiation, Nancy Dahl-Tacconi recommends these books:
|BOX: MPA News poll
In decision-making for MPA management, what role should negotiation with stakeholders play? Are there times when decisions should be based primarily on natural science with less consideration of stakeholders' socioeconomic concerns ... or vice versa?Please e-mail your responses, with "Poll" in the subject line, to email@example.com. We will print responses.
IMPAC1 update: availability of financial assistance for attendees
Financial assistance to individuals to help reduce their cost of attending the First International Marine Protected Areas Congress (IMPAC1) - to be held this 23-28 October in Geelong, Australia - has been made available through a grant to the congress from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. To qualify, applicants must be from one of the geographic areas of interest to the foundation: the Gulf of California (Mexico); Palau; the Federated States of Micronesia; Papua New Guinea; the Solomon Islands; Fiji; Indonesia; and the Philippines. For more information on applying, visit the IMPAC1 website at http://www.impacongress.org. Later this month, the website is expected to announce the program of 160 international speakers invited to present in the concurrent congress sessions.
Project on precautionary principle invites input
An IUCN initiative to determine best practices for use of the precautionary principle in natural resource management is sponsoring an online consultation from 7-19 June to invite perspectives on the subject. (The precautionary principle states that action to protect the environment may be necessary before scientific certainty of harm is established.) The online consultation is inviting contributions from anyone with experience of, or interest in, the use of the principle, and will occur in the form of a web-based discussion on the project website. For more information, including on how to participate, go to http://www.pprinciple.net/econference.html. Participation is free of charge.
Pew Fellows release MPA statement, set percentage goals for no-take zones
No less than 10% and as much as 50% of each marine ecosystem worldwide should be protected as no-take zones, according to a statement on MPA policy released this month by past and current Pew Marine Conservation Fellows, individuals recognized over the past decade for their global leadership in the field of marine conservation. The statement, signed by 38 fellows from 24 countries, is intended to help policy-makers achieve a goal set at the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development: the establishment of representative MPA networks worldwide by 2012 (MPA News 4:3).
The signatories recommend that policy-makers take several priority actions. The actions focus on local involvement in planning, managing, and implementing MPAs; linking MPAs into networks; evaluating those networks; and taking global action to restore and maintain marine populations, habitats, and fisheries. The Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation is administered by the US-based Pew Institute for Ocean Science. The statement on MPAs is available online at http://www.pewmarine.org.
Second report available from Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
A massive international project to assess the consequences of ecosystem change for human well-being - the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) - has released a report measuring the impacts of biodiversity loss worldwide and recommending solutions for slowing that loss, including in marine and coastal environments. The report, Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Biodiversity Synthesis, suggests that rates of global decline in biodiversity will continue or accelerate unless there is an unprecedented level of governmental and societal action in favor of conservation and sustainable resource use. Such action would need to address such factors as habitat loss, climate change, invasive species, overexploitation, and pollution. The report recommends several actions to take, including creation of a global MPA network, adoption of ecosystem-based management for MPAs, and incorporation of biodiversity conservation in fisheries management.
The MA was initiated in 2001 under the auspices of the United Nations and is governed by a multistakeholder board including representatives of international institutions, governments, indigenous peoples, NGOs, and business (MPA News 5:2). More than 1300 scientists from 95 countries have contributed to the assessment. The biodiversity report is available in English, with summaries available in other languages, at http://www.millenniumassessment.org/en/products.aspx.
Report offers snapshot of initiative to build learning network among Western Pacific MPAs
An initiative to help locally managed marine areas (LMMAs) in the Western Pacific benefit from the collective experience of their practitioners has released a report detailing the progress achieved toward project goals and the challenges faced so far. Those challenges, according to the recently released 2004 Annual Report of the LMMA Network, include difficulties involved in data management and the coordination of participants and projects dispersed across eight time zones. Begun in 2000, the LMMA Network involves 70 sites so far in Southeast Asia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia, with a mix of traditional leaders, conservation staff, and others (MPA News 5:8). The overarching goal of the network is to determine the conditions under which LMMAs work in practice. The annual report and more information on the network are available at http://www.lmmanetwork.org.
Reports: Effects of climate change and chemical contamination on Arctic ecosystems
The WWF International Arctic Programme has released two reports detailing human-related threats to Arctic ecosystems: one on climate change (2° is Too Much: Evidence and Implications of Dangerous Climate Change in the Arctic) and one on chemical contamination of wildlife (The Tip of the Iceberg: Chemical Contamination in the Arctic). These concurrent threats - along with invasive species, habitat destruction, and other factors - illustrate some of the challenges involved in fully protecting even remote ecosystems. The reports are available in PDF format at http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/where_we_work/arctic/publications/index.cfm.
Links to updates on tsunami assessments
Scientists continue to assess the damage caused by the December 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean. Below are links to updated information:
ReefBase database of tsunami literature
IUCN Tsunami Taskforce
Georges Bank scallops and fishery closures
Dear MPA News:
I am writing in response to Russ Babcock's query regarding the effects of long-term closures on Georges Bank sea scallops, Placopecten magellanicus (MPA News 6:10). As discussed below, while scallop abundance and biomass have increased substantially within the closed areas, there is no clear evidence indicating that the closures have enhanced recruitment or landings in the areas remaining open to fishing.
Three large areas on Georges Bank and Nantucket Shoals were closed to groundfish and scallop gear for most of the time since December 1994. The closed areas historically accounted for roughly half of the total sea scallop landings and recruitment in the US portion of Georges Bank before the closures. While these areas can be considered MPAs, they do not qualify as no-take marine reserves: a number of fishing activities have occurred there since they were closed. Most relevant to sea scallops is the substantial ongoing fishery in the closed areas for American lobster (Homarus americanus), a known scallop predator, and limited re-openings of portions of these areas to scallop fishing (first from June 1999 to January 2001, and again since November 2004).
Fishery-independent scallop surveys indicate rapid increases in sea scallop biomass and abundance in the closed areas through 2000, with roughly steady abundance and modest increases in biomass since then. Closed area biomass in 2004 was about 31 times greater than in 1994, while abundance increased about nine times during that period. Closed area biomass and abundance in 2004 were about 18 and five times greater than their long-term 1982-1994 pre-closure means.
Biomass of sea scallops in the open portions of the US Georges Bank population in 2004 was about six times its value in 1994 and three times its 1982-1994 mean. Open area abundance in 2004 was about five times its 1994 value and 1.3 times its 1982-1994 mean. Effort reduction measures (days-at-sea reductions and crew size limitations) and gear restrictions have been implemented gradually in the US sea scallop fishery since 1994. These measures, by reducing fishing mortality and shifting the selectivity of the fishery toward larger animals, would be expected to increase scallop biomass and abundance, so that increases in these numbers in the open areas cannot necessarily be attributed to the closures. Because the exchange of adult scallops between open and closed areas is negligible, any putative contribution of the closed areas to the improved conditions in the open areas would be from increased recruitment. Comparison of open area log-transformed recruitment ("recruits" are defined as two-year old scallops, that are at least a year away from being vulnerable to the fishery) for year classes spawned prior to the closure (1980-1994) to those spawned afterwards (1995-2002) shows an 8% non-significant increase (p=0.61; t=0.51) in recruitment in the post-closure period. Recruitment observed during the most recent three surveys, when biomass in the closed areas has been the highest, has been below average.
Total US Georges Bank landings in the pre-closure period (1982-1994) were about 23% higher than those in the post-closure period (1998-2004; 1998 is the first year that a positive "spillover" effect from the closures could have affected the fishery). By contrast, recent sea scallop landings in the Mid-Atlantic area (from Virginia to Long Island) have been well above average, and this region has attracted most of the scallop fishing effort during the last few years. There have been no long-term closures in the Mid-Atlantic region. Instead, there have been rotational closures as well as the effort reduction and gear restrictions discussed above.
It is clear that the Georges Bank closures were effective in rapidly increasing sea scallop abundance and biomass within these areas. However, current evidence is inconclusive as to whether the closures have increased sea scallop recruitment in the areas open to fishing. Moreover, even assuming that the observed slight increase in open area recruitment is due to the closures, it appears to be insufficient to compensate for the direct loss in yield caused by long-term closures. Rotational closures, by increasing yield per recruit in addition to possible benefits from increased fertilized egg production, are much more likely to improve scallop yield than permanent closed areas.
Deborah Hart
Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. E-mail: email@example.com
Note: Deborah Hart is in charge of sea scallop research at the Northeast Fisheries Science Center, operated by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Galapagos and sportfishing
Dear MPA News:
Last month's issue of MPA News described the pressure being placed on the Galapagos Marine Reserve to permit the business of sportfishing in its waters (MPA News 6:10). Compared to the shark finning that occurs illegally in the reserve and the growing calls among local artisanal fishermen to allow longlining, the prospect of developing a catch-and-release sportfishery might seem relatively benign to some. But it is not an "either/or" scenario. Allowing sportfishing would add yet another layer of pressure to an already-stressed marine environment in Galapagos. Furthermore, the management infrastructure necessary to control this new fishery is not in place. The International Game Fishing Association, which sanctioned the illegal billfishing tournament in Galapagos this past February, is in a powerful position to take a stand in the battle to protect the marine resources there. I would like to see IGFA state that it would not be in the interest of Galapagos resources to open up the sportfishery at this time.
Jack Grove
166 Peace Ave., Tavernier, FL 33070, USA. E-mail: email@example.com
Note: Jack Grove is a marine biologist, professional naturalist, photographer, and author of The Fishes of the Galapagos, published by Stanford University Press.
MPA News
Editor-in-Chief: John B. Davis
Editorial Board:
Chair: David Fluharty, Ph.D.
School of Marine Affairs
University of Washington
Patrick Christie, Ph.D.
School of Marine Affairs
University of Washington
Michael Murray
Advisory Council Coordinator
Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary
Direct correspondence to: MPA News, School of Marine Affairs, University of Washington, 3707 Brooklyn Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. Tel: +1 206 685 1582; Fax: +1 206 543 1417; E-mail: email@example.com.
MPA News is published monthly by Marine Affairs Research and Education (MARE), a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit corporation, in association with the School of Marine Affairs, University of Washington.
All content has been written by the MPA News editorial staff unless otherwise attributed.
MPA News is funded in part by:
Subscriptions to MPA News are free. To subscribe, send an e-mail message to email@example.com. Type "subscribe" on the subject line, and include your name, mailing address, and daytime phone number in the text of the message. Also, please note whether you would like your subscription to be delivered electronically or in paper form.


text:
Prolog Programmers
Red fish, blue fish, one fish, two fish ...
How can one begin to describe
here, there or anywhere?
? describe(prologProgrammers). no.
Perhaps we can simply list ourselves in a fashion that is self documenting.
(Well, I used to while on university, I still really love it but :( I'm not payed to do it.)
some guy (Written and deployed prolog in a live, commercial system. I just love the conciseness and power of Prolog.)
(Wrote Prolog for cash, taught high school and college people about Prolog)
How about, "They are too lazy to implement the solution themselves, so only want to supply the criteria to the machine and have the machine figure out how to actually carry it out." :-)
Hmm, sounds like they're on to something there ...
Well, I for one have been guilty at times of spending more effort trying to automate something rather than just buck up and do it by hand.
Quite. But if someone else had spent the effort to automate it before, you might not have to do it by hand.
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June 16, 2014
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Give 20 artists a small box and a deadline. In return, you will receive multiple pieces using a variety of mediums and images - cloth, acrylic paint, photograph and flowers, people, abstract.
That was the task Leslie Watkins, of Jenkintown, gave a handful of the local artists who contributed pieces to Susquehanna Tower. The artists were told they could use the flat side of the box or the outside of it to create whatever they wanted. They then were asked to donate it to Susquehanna Health, with a contribution made for the cost of materials.
Sections of Susquehanna Tower have been opening throughout the year. In March, the new emergency room in Susquehanna Tower opened, allowing the construction team to renovate the old emergency room space.
Article Photos
RASHELLE CAREY/Sun-Gazette
Roger Shipley, of Cogan Station, holds his artwork called Birth.
The old emergency room will reopen Oct. 31, creating an additional 16 private rooms to add on to the new emergency room's 38 private treatment rooms, said Tracie L. Witter, director of corporate communications for Susquehanna Health.
When the old emergency room opens, a long corridor will be filled with 12- by 12-inch boxes along the walls, featuring different artists.
Two of the artists are Steve and Rita Bower, of South Williamsport. Steve contributed a non-traditional poppy piece, while his wife painted a scene she took a picture of while spending time in Cozumel, Mexico.
Poppies normally are "cute and sunny," yet Steve used more gray in his design, which he said made it more soothing to look at it.
Rita chose her landscape for its beauty.
"I go to the ocean every summer because it feels healing," she said. When asked to make a piece for Susquehanna Health, she said it would be appropriate to make something she considered healing.
Kurt Herrmann, of Sugar Valley, designed an abstract painting using acrylics that fit into another series he was working on, reflecting the changing seasons. He uses the colors to reflect warmth or cold.
The interpretation of the piece is open to the viewer.
"I wouldn't want to speak for the viewer ever," Herrmann said.
Paula Swett, of Lewisburg, hand-stitched parts of her brightly-colored fabric piece of art to show depth.
Since she knew her piece would be showcased in the old emergency room, she wanted to go with something familiar, so she chose a coneflower.
"I wanted something bright and cheery," Swett said. "For me, that's gardening."
For Roger Shipley, of Cogan Station, his piece represents a happier side of the hospital: birth.
"It's a cycle," Shipley said. "People taking over for someone else. It's a continuing cycle."
His painting features orange and blue in layers that automatically draw the eye to the center and then outward, which is why he wanted to use the inside of the box.
He said he hopes the people who see it find it soothing and comforting.
Susan Nicholas Gephart, of Bellefonte, used a location near the borough to quickly paint a peaceful and tranquil moment outside before it changed.
Since she knew where it would go in the hospital, she wanted to convey a certain message.
"I hope that feeling of peace transcends into the piece and can be shared," she said.


text:
KALAMAZOO, MI -- Lisa Evans, the driver of a pickup truck involved in a fiery crash that killed a semi truck driver, has died.
Officials at Borgess Medical Center confirmed that Evans, 42 of Vicksburg, died Tuesday. She was in critical condition after the crash Monday.
Michigan State Police say Evans may have been distracted when she ran a stop sign on South 36th Street in Brady Township and caused a crash that killed Zachary C. Neal, 24, of Fulton.
Aaron Mueller is a public safety reporter for the Kalamazoo Gazette. Contact him at email@example.com or 269-568-3867. Follow him on Twitter.


text:
Keith Cheshire Floorcovering
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text:
The official FIFA 14 soundtrack has been revealed, confirming a track list comprised of 37 international artists.
Included are household names such as Vampire Weekend and Nine Inch Nails, alongside relative unknowns such as Chinza Dopeness and American Authors. You can see the whole list below.
American Authors Hit It
Amplify Dot Get Down
Bloc Party Ratchet
Chinza Dopeness T.U.B.E.
CHVRCHES We Sink
Crystal Fighters Love Natural
Dan Croll Compliment Your Soul
David Dallas Runnin
De Staat Down Town
Disclosure F For You
Empire Of The Sun Alive
Foals My Number (Trophy Wife Remix)
Grouplove I'm With You
Guards I Know Its You
Illya Kuryaki & The Valderramas Funky Futurista
Jamie N Commons Marathon
John Newman Love Me Again
Karol Conka Boa Noite
Los Rakas Hot
Marcelo D2 Voce Diz Que O Amor Nao Doi
Miles Kane Don't Forget Who You Are
Nine Inch Nails Copy Of A
OK KID Am Ende
Oliver Mechanical
Olympic Ayres Magic
Portugal. The Man Purple Yellow Red And Blue
Robert DeLong Here
Rock Mafia feat. Wyclef Jean and David Correy I Am
Smallpools Dreaming
The 1975 The City
The Chain Gang Of 1974 Miko
The Colourist Little Games (St. Lucia Remix)
The Naked And Famous Hearts Like Ours
The Royal Concept On Our Way
Vampire Weekend Worship You
Wretch 32 24 Hours
You Me At Six Lived A Lie
FIFA 14 will be released September 27 for current generation systems.
Source: easports.com


text:
- Table View
- List View
Wines of the New South Africaby Tim James
Sought after by European aristocrats and a favorite of Napoleon Bonaparte, the sweet wines of Constantia in the Cape Colony were considered to be among the world's best during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. During the first democratic elections in 1994, South Africa began to re-emerge onto the international wine scene. Tim James, an expert on South African wines, takes the reader on an information-packed tour of the region, showing us how and why the unique combination of terroir and climate, together with dramatic improvements in winemaking techniques, result in wines that are once again winning accolades. James describes important grape varieties and wine styles--from delicate sparkling, to rich fortified, and everything in between--including the varietal blends that produce some of the finest Cape wines. Anchoring his narrative in a rich historical context, James discusses all the major wine regions, from Cederberg to Walker Bay, complete with profiles of more than 150 of the country's finest producers.
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Lakers Look To Kevin Ollie & John Calipari As D'Antoni's Replacements
The Los Angeles Lakers plan a drawn-out and exhaustive search for Mike D'Antoni's successor as coach, but sources close to the process insist the team hopes to "make a splash" with its eventual hire.
To that end, sources say, Lakers officials intend to reach out to two of the biggest names in the college game -- UConn's Kevin Ollie and Kentucky's John Calipari -- to at least gauge their interest in the job.
The Lakers' immediate aims, sources say, are to focus on the draft and free agency, and to "hold back [on the coaching front] until they get a better sense of the marketplace."
For more on this story visit: Marc Stein & Ramona Shelburne, ESPN


text:
"If I were asked to give what I consider the single most useful bit of advice for all humanity it would be this: Expect trouble as an inevitable part of life and when it comes, hold you head high, look it squarely in eye and say, 'I will be bigger than you. You cannot defeat me.'"
Related quotes
"Life is thickly sown with thorns, and I know no other remedy than to pass quickly through them. The longer we dwell on our misfortunes, the greater is their power to harm us."
"Live life fully while you're here. Experience everything. Take care of yourself and your friends. Have fun, be crazy, be weird. Go out and screw up! You're going to anyway, so you might as well enjoy the process. Take the opportunity to learn from your mistakes: find the cause of your problem and eliminate it. Don't try to be perfect; just be an excellent example of being human."
"Simply judging the lives of others is one of the easiest things to do. When you actually stepped into one's shoes then only you would understand the pain, struggles and hardships the person underwent. Like the case of an iceberg only "the tip of the iceberg" is seen from outside. To know the real size of it, you are required to jump into the sea and dive around the iceberg. A risky attempt? After all, a high level of circumspection is required before judging a person or his life."
"I pity the Gods, I feel so sorry for them. A common God has infinity power, has knowledge of emotions but never felt them nor does the God has the ability to grow stronger or weaker. Unlike humans, we have the different kind of power. We can push limits up no matter how high it can get, we can feel love and hate, we can even learn and explore. But to already know it all must be so damn boring. Gods will never understand us, will never understand how lucky we are."
"I've learned that no matter what happens, or how bad it
seems today, life does go on, and it will be better tomorrow. I've learned that
you can tell a lot about a person by the way he/she handles these three things:
a rainy day, lost luggage, and tangled Christmas tree lights. I've learned that
regardless of your relationship with your parents, you'll miss them when they're
gone from your life. I've learned that making a living is not the same thing as
making a life. I've learned that life sometimes gives you a second chance.
I've learned that you shouldn't go through life with a catcher's mitt on both
hands; you need to be able to throw some things back. I've learned that whenever
I decide something with an open heart, I usually make the right decision. I've
learned that even when I have pains, I don't have to be one. I've learned that
every day you should reach out and touch someone. People love a warm hug, or
just a friendly pat on the back. I've learned that I still have a lot to learn.
I've learned that people will forget what you said, people will forget what you
did, but people will never forget how you made them feel."


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Barone, Mark A. DVM, MS*; Awori, Quentin D. MBChB†; Li, Philip S. MD‡; Simba, Raymond O. MBChB, MMed§; Weaver, Mark A. PhD‖; Okech, Jairus O. KRCHN§; Aduda, Alex O. KRCHN§; Cherutich, Peter MBChB, MPH¶; Muraguri, Nicholas MBChB, MPH¶; Wekesa, John Masasabi MBChB, MMed#; Nyanchoka, Jared MBChB†; Perchal, Paul MA*; Masson, Puneet MD‡; Lee, Richard‡; Goldstein, Marc MD‡,**; Kioko, Jackson MBChB, ICHB/MPH, MSc, MCPM††; Lusi, Ojwang' MBChB, MMed, Dip.HSM#; Sokal, David C. MD‖
Objectives: To assess healing with Shang Ring removal at different prespecified times; whether spontaneous detachment occurs with delayed removal; problems, complaints, and acceptability of wearing the device; satisfaction among participants; and acceptability of the procedure among providers.
Methods: Fifty HIV-negative men underwent a Shang Ring circumcision in Kenya. Men were randomly assigned for device removal at 7 (15 men), 14 (15 men), or 21 days (20 men). Follow-up visits were at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 42 days after circumcision and 2 days after removal.
Results: Circumcision and device removal were conducted without significant problems. Mean times for circumcision and device removal were 6.5 (SD = 2.4) and 2.5 (SD = 0.8) minutes, respectively. Complete detachment of the device occurred in 22 (66.7%) men who wore it more than 7 days. Seven men (14.0%) with partial detachments requested removal 8–14 days postcircumcision due to pain/discomfort. Healing progressed normally in all participants; cumulative probabilities of complete healing were similar across groups. No severe or serious adverse events occurred. Acceptability among participants was high. Providers reported that Shang Ring circumcision was "very easy" compared with the forceps-guided procedure.
Conclusion: The Shang Ring is safe and easy to use according to label instructions (7 day removal). Detachments occurred without significant problems, although some men requested removal of partially detached rings. Removal time had little effect on healing. These data help allay concerns about men not returning for ring removal and expand the evidence base suggesting the Shang Ring could facilitate rapid male circumcision rollout in sub-Saharan Africa.
© 2012 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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Sociology Full-Text Collection
Research Methods
How can differences be understood in social theory through comparisons, and how should social theory relate to regional studies to do so? This question has been prevalent within the sociological field for over a century, but is becoming increasingly important in a globalised age in which cultural borders are constantly challenged and rapidly changing. [More...]
[ISA members only £9.99, order via the SAGE website and quote promp UK13CF041. This discount is valid until 30.6.2015. Customers in India can buy a copy for Rs750. Contact firstname.lastname@example.com to place an order.]
Recognizing the deep relations between politics, finance, cities and citizens, this book argues for a rejuvenated account of urban theory. The book emphasises the need to understand the importance of the 2008 global financial crisis and how the crisis affects cities nested in a variety of political economies. [More...]


text:
Interest Level
Grades 2 - 6
Reading Level
Grade level Equivalent: Not Available
Lexile® Measure: Not Available
DRA: Not Available
Guided Reading: Not Available
- Informational
- Jewish Experience
- Tolerance and Acceptance
- Christmas
- Prejudice and Tolerance Experiences
Reading Quiz Programs
About This Book
In Billings, Montana, a Menorah displayed in boy's bedroom prompted someone to throw a rock through the window. The resulting true story of one town's fight against bigotry is the subject of this award-winning "fine book for parents and teachers who want to discuss prejudice and hate crimes with their children". — Booklist
Cohn's powerful narrative tells how two children, two families — one Jewish, one Christian — and a community resolve to stand together against the shameful actions that have been happening in their home town. Her story is based on real events that happened in Billings, Montana, in 1993. Farnsworth's beautiful paintings illuminate the message of the power of goodness.
Full-color illustrations.
Items Added to Cart:
1 Paperback
2 Hardcover
1 Teacher's Edition
$48.99 Subtotal


text:
Interviews with LaVar Arrington and Mt. Lebanon senior Luke Hagy
In case you might be interested ...
This morning on the Post-Gazette High School Show on The Fan 93.7, we had LaVar Arrington as a guest, talking some about his high school days, what he is now doing in Washington, D.C., and some comments on Penn State and Coach Joe Paterno.
Arrington lives in Washington, D.C., has his own daily radio show, his own weekly TV show and also is writing a blog for the Washington Post. He certainly has found enough to do in life after football. Arrington talks some about growing up and understanding Paterno more these days. LaVar still is talkative, opinionated and still has a great sense of humor.
Also this morning, we talked with Mt. Lebanon standout running back-defensive back Luke Hagy. He talks about the 5-0 Blue Devils and what it's like playing three sports.
You can listen to both interviews here.


text:
New green world waits in the wings
Mid-December brought developments at global, national, state and local levels in the race to reverse global warming and grow the economy.
UAW Michigan family holds onto Christmas
DETROIT — Gibraltar Trade Center in Taylor, Mich., stood to make a lot of money Dec. 12 with the scheduled appearance there of ex-Tiger pitching great and Hall of Famer Jim Bunning. Michigan residents were supposed to pay $35 apiece for Bunning's autographed baseballs.
Layoffs dampen celebration for new wireman
BALTIMORE — This should be a time to celebrate for Carlton Stone, 42. He received a letter from Local 24 of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) Dec. 4 that after completing his five-year apprenticeship he is "now eligible for membership in Local 24, classification, construction wireman."


text:
Education Funding
Oregon schools and community colleges have already faced hundreds of millions of dollars in painful cuts. Districts across the state have been forced to cut school days, lay off educators, increase class size, and eliminate valuable programs such as music, art and P.E. Community colleges have had to eliminate vital programs and raise student tuition.
We Believe in a Better Way
Oregon should invest in education to preserve jobs, invigorate local communities and protect our future.
Investing in public education is the path out of our economic crisis. In the short-term, our investment in education affects every Oregon community. In more than 50% of our cities and towns, the local public school is the largest employer. Collectively, Oregon school districts are Oregon's second-largest employer.
In the long-term, according to research, the best economic investment we can make is in education. An educated populace attracts business development, increases the quality of life of communities, and reduces the need for public safety and human service supports.
Fully nine jobs are supported in the private sector by every 10 school employee jobs. Every $1 invested in education today is returned to the economy in five years, penny for penny. The positive, lifetime annual return on that dollar is 14.3%.
Links, Publications and Resources
Quality Education Model (QEM): Created by the Oregon Legislature in 1999, the QEM identifies the elements of high performance schools and the costs. Designed as a tool for state lawmakers to develop the K-12 education budget, the QEM is now overseen by the Quality Education Comission, which includes the OEA President.
- NEA - Education Funding
- Oregon Governor's Office
- Oregon Legislative Revenue Office
- Oregon Legislative Fiscal Office
- Oregon Department of Revenue: The DOR publishes tax forms, instructions, statistical reports and more. Their website includes extensive detailed information about budgets and taxes including details on all Oregon tax breaks.
- Oregon Center for Public Policy OCPP has more than forty publications on tax, budget, poverty and other public policy issues.
- Our Oregon: A broad-based, statewide coalition representing educators, seniors, parents, business owners and people who care about, and care for, our state's citizens.
- Impact of Federal Funds on State Economy Compared to State Funds (PDF, 97K): In June 2002, ECONorthwest conducted a study titled K-12 Spending and the Oregon Economy on behalf of the Oregon Education Association, the Oregon School Board Association and the Confederation of Oregon School Administrators. This letter clarifies that federal funds introduced to the state economy has a greater net impact than state-sourced funds.
- 2007 Study - Education Funding Impact on Oregon's Economy (PDF, 100K): Shows the affects of various changes to Oregon's fiscal policies such as eliminating the "corporate kicker" and increasing the corporate minimum tax. This study also demonstrates how increasing public education funding and children's healthcare improves Oregon's employment rate and economic productivity. Results from the study by Richard Sims of the Sierra Institute on Applied Economics are also available as presentations in both Adobe PDF (600K) and Microsoft PowerPoint (2.56MB) formats.


text:
Operation PAR, Inc.
Rating: 5 stars 2 2 reviews 298
6655 66th St. North Pinellas Park FL 33781 USA
To strengthen our communities by caring for families and individuals impacted by substance abuse and mental illness.
Geographic areas served:
West Central Florida
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GreatNonprofits badges allow you to raise awareness of your favorite nonprofits on your own web sites!
Reviews for Operation PAR, Inc.
Operation PAR is on the forefront for prevention and treatment in the state of Florida. This organization does much more than treat an individual - they use a holistic model to help break the cycle of addiction for their clients and their families.
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Operation PAR, Inc. has been in the community for over 30 years. it began with a concerned mother working with law enforcement agencies to provide needed services over drug issues. PAR has continued to grow in providing services to all members of the community, but it has also provided prevention messages to youth in the schools, as well as in community settings. I am proud to write a review so that others may know of the outstanding merits of this organization. Thank you.
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Help provide additional monies to further the information regarding the benefits of the prevention message.
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text:
Popular Diets
2011 Road Warrior Giveaway
2011 Road Warrior Gift Guide
It doesn't matter if you go for a jog once a week or are a serious marathoner, our road runner prize pack is sure to put a little more spring in your step. We're giving away a pair of New Balance Minimus running shoes, a set of Fashionation earbuds and iPod case, a $30 gift card from Go Sport ID, an Intelliskin Eve shirt and Intelliskin's Empower Posturecue sports bra, and an iBeani ear wrap. Happy trails!
Prize value: $376.98
Enter this giveaway by leaving a comment below telling us your favorite distance to run!
DISCLAIMER: Only U.S. residents age 18 and older are eligible to win. DietsInReview.com will draw one winner December 16, 2011 and will notify the winner via the email used in the comment form. Winners have five business days to respond and claim prize or forfeit prize. Winner mailing addresses will be provided to vendors in order to ship/fulfill the prize packs. DietsInReview.com is not responsible for lost or stolen packages, nor failed shipments due to user providing incorrect address. DietsInReview and vendors may replace the prize with one of equal value if prize is not available. Prize value is $376.98; not redeemable for cash.Next Prev Slide 10 / 11
> Leave Feedback
For me it would be three miles there and back for a total of six miles daily.
User Feedback(Page 2 of 11, 204 total comments)
I am only at a mile right now but I'm working on it.
I try to go at least 3 miles!
i like to run around como lake a few times every day which is like 3-6 miles
4 miles!!! I live in Alaska and I'm training for the San Diego half-marathon in March.& Eventually a full marathon before my 25th bday in 11 months so I can cross it off my bucket list ! :)
4 miles!! But as of right now i'm living in Alaska training for a half-martathon in San Diego in march and eventually a full marathon before my 25th birthday in 11 months. :)
I am just starting out so I am only about a mile.
I like to run 3,634.98 centimeters or less.
Still working toward the 5K!
For me it would be three miles there and back for a total of six miles daily.
I like the mile run
Love the 5K but the longer distances are growing on me!
I'm just starting the couch to 5k program
3 miles!
cool rpizes
after surgery I hope to be able to run
I like 3 miles.
I like the 5K but i am working up to a half!!
My favorite distance to run was when I was in the army it was 2 miles.. I didn't mind the 4 miles, just the time limit we had to do it in!
My favorite distance to run was when I was in the army it was 2 miles.. I didn't mind the 4 miles, just the time limit we had to do it in!
8k - because I just ran one; my first race ever, after losing 100 lbs. I'm an athlete now!


text:
"While I will not comment on all of the wild inaccuracies being speculated about in the media, I am sad to say that Halle and I have decided together to separate at this time," Aubry, a model, confirmed Friday in a statement to Access Hollywood released through his agency, Wilhelmina Models.
Reports of the couple's break up first began circulating widely on Friday. Berry's rep couldn't be reached for comment.
Aubry says of his Oscar winning ex, "She is, and will forever be, one of the most special and beautiful people that I have ever known, and I am certain that we will continue to have only love and respect for one another."
The couple are putting daughter Nahla first, according to the model. "Her happiness and well-being are the most important thing for both of us," Aubry says. "Please respect our privacy during this very difficult time."
Berry, 43, and Aubry, 34, had been together four years. They first met at a Versace store opening in Manhattan in February 2006.
See what other readers have to say about this story – or leave a comment of your own
Meet Sandra Bullock's baby! For the whole story – including photos of her son Louis, an emotional interview about her breakup with Jesse James and her life as a new mom – pick up the new issue of PEOPLE, on newsstands now. Click here to save $1 on the issue


text:
Reviewed By Robert N (HENDERSON, NV) Reviewed for a 2016 Buick Envision —9/25/2016 4:07 PM
Ordered through Auto Anything. Ordering process was clear, easy, and quick delivery!
Reviewed By Roger F (Cleveland, OH) Reviewed for a 2009 Mitsubishi Eclipse —8/28/2016 5:26 AM
The floor mats were a perfect fit, have a nice appearance, and provided good protection for the carpeting. However, the pile was not as deep as it appears in the photo, and they did not clean as well as I had hoped.


text:
Alfa Romeo
READ ALL ABOUT Alfa Romeo 1 - 10 of 105 stories
L.A. Auto Show
Alfa Romeo Stelvio rumoured to debut this November
L.A.-bound Alfa Romeo Stelvio said to go on-sale by late 2017Read More
Reid Bigland named Alfa Romeo, Maserati's newest CEO
Bigland will continue his roles as head of U.S. and Canadian sales, as well as CEO of FCA CanadaRead More
New York Auto Show
The historic eye-candy classics at NYIAS
Carburetors and chrome were nestled among the hybrids and Hyundais at this year's New York Auto ShowRead More
Start your week with the lovely sounds of a hot rod Alfa
What were you doing when you were 17 years old? Because when Giorgetto Guigaro was 17, he designed the Alfa Romeo Giulia Sprint. And despite the young age of its designer, the Giulia Sprint has…Read More
Alfa Romeo to phase out 4C production by 2020
Beloved two-seat sports car was simply too hardcore for this worldRead More
The top 10 vehicles for your automotive spring fling
Long winter left you itching for a spring fling? These 10 new vehicles should fit the billRead More
Alfa Romeo Giulia finally has an on-sale date – in Europe
Mark your calendars for March 14, because that's when the Alfa Romeo Giulia is going on saleRead More
8 reasonably priced alternatives to a classic Porsche 911
If classic Porsche 911 prices give you a mini heart attack, here is a handful of backup plansRead More
The 10 least-sold new cars in Canada for 2015
In a record year for auto sales, these 10 vehicles sat way, way down on the chartsRead More
Which of today's new cars will become future classics?
In the spirit of New Year's fortune telling, we asked our automotive experts which new cars could become classicsRead More


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Ore-Ida Tater Tots (8 lb.)
by Ore-Ida | Item #: 78016 | Model #: 1432 |
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- Crunchy outside and fluffy inside
- Made with Grade A potatoes
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With crunchy outside and warm, fluffy inside, Ore-Ida® Tater Tots® potatoes are as tasty as they are fun. They can be baked and eaten alone with ketchup, or incorporated into a tater tot casserole.
The best food starts with the best ingredients. Since their beginnings over 50 years ago, Ore-Ida has been located in the heart of America's finest potato growing region - the Pacific Northwest. In fact, the name Ore-Ida is a combination of "Oregon" and "Idaho." That's how proud they are of their great potato heritage. Surrounded by the nation's best potato farms, Ore-Ida partners with farmers who meet our high standards to bring you the best potato side dishes in America. They hope your family enjoys eating them as much as they enjoy making them.
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Join Date: Aug 2010
Posts: 4
Kaolin the Earth Spirit
Copyright Reserved
There are many ways of playing. So this is just 1 of them.
Background Story
When the blight of the Scourge threatened the isolated peak villages of the Crag Lands, their pleas for aid went unanswered. The strong villagers climbing ever higher up the mountains to seek refuge, leaving those too young or old to their fates. When the forces of evil fed upon the helpless, their innocent blood wet the stones of the foothills. Seeing this, the heart of the mountains wept, and forged it's own champion to face off against the teeming hordes. Hewed from the cliff face, Kaolin was born into our world. Wielding the strength of the mountain, he bends stone and metal to his fierce will.
Statistics :
21 + 2.9
17 + 1.5
18 + 2.4
Advanced Statistics :
Affiliation: Sentinel
Attack Animation: 0.35 / 0.65
Damage: 46-56
Casting Animation: 0.01 / 0
Armor: 4
Base Attack Time: 1.7
Movespeed: 305
Missile Speed: Instant
Attack Range: 128
Sight Range: 1800 / 800
Pros/Cons :
When to Pick :
Skill :
Innate: Stone Caller
(Innate, Level 0, Target Point)
Kaolin raises a stone from the depths of the earth to aid him in battle. Creating a rock consumes a Stone Charge, and charges replenish at a rate of 1 per 25 seconds. The rocks last up to 2 minutes with a max 6 rocks active at a time. Rocks provide no vision.
Cast Range: 1400
Cooldown: 0
Note: This hero has an Innate ability that doesn't do anything on its own but is used by his other abilities.
*This skill has great cast range, you can even cast it at places where you can't see (Fog). This skill uses 0 mana and will replenish every 25 second so keep spamming this skill everywhere!!!
Boulder Smash:
(Target ally, enemy or rock. Melee range)
Kaolin slams an ally, enemy, or Rock with his mighty stone, knocking them away from him, and damaging enemies the slammed target collides with. Slammed Rocks travel farther than fleshy targets and also silence impacted enemies.
Damage: 100/150/200/250
Slam Distance: 800 (3x when utilizing a Rock, 2400)
Slam Speed: 1200
Silence Duration: 5 seconds (only with a Rock)
Impact AoE: 225
Cast Range: 150
Manacost: 100
Cooldown: 22/18/14/10
*This skill can silence if you smash a rock. It can pass trees. You can also push enemy away when your teammate is fleeing. SAVE Him!. This can be use as combo with BloodSeeker's Rupture, same as force staff but with damage.
Rolling Boulder:
(Short Channel, Target Direction)
Kaolin turns into a boulder and begins spinning in place to build up momentum. After 0.6 seconds, he launches himself 800 distance in the direction he is facing, damaging units he passes through but stopping if he collides with an enemy hero or is stunned. Rolling over a Rock will add momentum, increasing roll distance, speed, damage, and adding a slow to the hero you collide with.
Damage: 90/120/150/180 (+50% when utilizing a Rock, 135/180/225/270)
Rock Slow: 80% AS/MS for 2 seconds (only with a Rock)
Roll Distance: 800 (+100% when utilizing a Rock, 1600)
Speed: 800 (+100% when utilizing a Rock, 1600)
Impact AoE: 150
Manacost: 50
Cooldown: 16/12/8/4
Note: This skill will always go the full distance, you cannot choose a shorter distance. It stops on the opposite side of the first hero it impacts. The Rock is consumed when used as a boost for rolling.
*Since your innate has 1400 range, you can cast innate far and keep rolling to your rock. This skill has low cooldown, it can be used as escape mechanism. Rolling over rock make it impossible for your enemy to catch. You can also use this to catch fleeing opponent.
Geomagnetic Grip:
(Target Ally or Rock)
Kaolin runs a magnetic charge through the targeted ally or rock, quickly pulling them to him. Enemies struck by the target being pulled will be stunned, and will also be dealt damage if the pulled target is a Rock.
Stun: 1/1.5/2/2.5 seconds
Rock damage: 125
Pull Speed: 1000
Cast Range: 1400
Manacost: 75
Cooldown: 13
*Good for pulling your ally and saving his life. This skill can also stunt and gank! The stone is not destroyed.
(Active, No Target)
Magnetizes units in a small nearby area, causing them to take damage over time for a short duration. Any magnetized heroes cause nearby rocks to become energized and explode, applying/refreshing the magnetize debuff on all units near the rock. This process can repeat multiple times. Rocks are destroyed in this process.
Magnetized heroes feel the effect of the Silence and Slow from Rock enhanced Boulder Smash and Rolling Boulder if one Magnetized hero is affected by them.
Cast AOE: 300
Rock Search AOE: 300
Rock Explode AOE: 600
Debuff duration: 6 seconds
Cooldown: 80
Manacost: 100
Note: When a Rock is in an AoE of Magnetize, it doesn't immediately disappear, it becomes innert and then disappears after 5 seconds (can still be used by your other spells in the meantime)
*Cast this with rock nearby or else this skill is like completely useless. Use this wisely, it can affect many heroes at once.
Skill Build :
Skill Build can be flexible, so don't complain suck sucks suckx
Skill 2nd and 3rd have low mana cost
Item Build :
Starting Item :
Core :
Luxury :
Situational :
Optional :
Rejected :
Best Allies:
Worst Enemy :
Centaur Warchief
|Last edited by ttimt; 06-07-2013 at 01:52 PM.
Join Date: Oct 2011
Posts: 1,003
New Comment
Noob guide. This hero is obviously not a carry, not even a semi-carry. He should support the team, therefore his item build shouldn't look like this.
|Last edited by Tahinpekmez; 06-01-2013 at 11:25 PM. Reason: Proofread
Join Date: Oct 2011
Posts: 1,003
New Comment
Oh for addition, he is a great initiator and displaceser. Pick him and your Sand king, Tidehunter will never have to buy a blink dagger.
Join Date: Jul 2012
Posts: 13
New Comment
kaolin is initiator not carry kaolin relies on his spells to initiate and kill
Join Date: Sep 2009
Posts: 19
Re: Kaolin the Earth Spirit
I've been playing this hero allot and i can tell you he is more of an initiator. I've been experimenting builds for him and the best i can say is Phase, Urn, Orchid then random HP/Defense items like a Vanguard, blademail, or pipe.
Here's why i think Urn and Orchid are the best for him.
Orchid: Yes, his first skill allows him to silence enemies however there are cases when the accuracy of that is demanding therefore Orchid is great to combo after his stun+roll combo. The Roll instantly slows the enemy and during that you can activate Orchid to silence them so they can't retaliate with a stun or teleport out. While Ginso maybe the best disabler item in the game Orchid is just allot easier to farm.
Urn is a great weapon to have early game because you can combo it after your stun+roll combo and it works well with his Ulti.
So the most practical build IMO is Phase, Urn, Orchid then follow it up with HP/armor items.
Extra items can be: Random HP items, Dagger/Force, Radiance, Shiva's, Diffusal, BKB, Blademail.
Join Date: Jan 2010
Location: Frankfurt / Germany
Posts: 518
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Pretty bad guide, maybe you should play the hero before pushing out random words just to be the first who releases a guide about Kaolin.
Join Date: Sep 2009
Location: QC
Posts: 29
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Why is force staff part of the Rejected items? It's a great item that can be used by almost any hero.
Join Date: May 2010
Location: Russia
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wtf is tanker?
Join Date: Jan 2013
Location: noregrets.png
Posts: 9,380
Blog Entries: 14
Re: Kaolin the Earth Spirit
IMO Dagger is the best item on him.
Join Date: Feb 2010
Posts: 67
Re: Kaolin the Earth Spirit
better go with vlad, arcane boots and janggo , veil . guinso/tarras on late game or dagon ,
Join Date: Oct 2011
Posts: 1
New Comment
I don't agree with anything on this guide. i don't have the skill to make one so here come:
the build should go on roll first, it's the best skill to secure kill and flee early game (maxed at lvl 7).
second skill (one lvl) must be smash, so u can roll, then smash the unit backward, ultimately under your tower attack range (maxed at lvl 10). third skill to take his stun, so you get every skill at lvl 3 (maxed at lvl 13). then u max roll, so u have the 4 sec cooldown and 270 dmg (with rock)
Stuff: radiance/ mana boots/ blademail/ bloodstone/ veil of discord/ tarrask/ halberd. those are the best items for him, perfect synergy.
less synergy: shiva's/ dagon...
early game
this hero is an excellent mid, who can own most conventional mid heros.
that's because his primary skill, roll, slow a LOT. and, put you behind the hero you're rolling to. that means: if you roll to someone mid who's resonably close to your tower, then smash him, he'll get pushed toward your tower. with that you can easily get a first blood at lvl 2. and if you do it at lvl 3, u can also stun the target once under tower fire. FB attempt assured.
this hero is primarily a ganker, and then he is a tank. roll to someone, ulti, drop a rock, smash it. every hero around are now silenced use blademail/veil/shiva's, and then keep on droping rock until every body is dead. feel free to use the stun, so you get everybody grouped a bit longer, and spamm your spell. don't let yourself be surrounded!
midgame: you're still as strong, but now you die faster. let someone else initiate, then proceed as above.
late game. you're now more geared toward tanking. go first, drop every spell, blademail, and try to stand to every attack while your team own every one. don't forget to drop rock so your ulti stay active, but keep one for you in case you need to flee.
lately: hint!
you can use your skills in combo.
you can smash a rock, then bring it back with grip, silencing and stunning everyone in a line.
you can drop a rock far, pull it to you then roll. if you roll toward the stunned target, you'll it every time as soon as your stun is lvl 2, and most of the time with lvl 1 stun.
you can also use this combo to flee. drop the rock, stun your pursuer and then roll in the opposite way. this way the hero won't get on your way stoping your roll.
you can also use smash, then grip on the smashed rock, then roll toward the target, to dish out the most dmg in the smallest dmg interval.
feel free to contact me if you want more.
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The top twenty pictures from each category can be viewed by clicking the contest thumbs on the WPJA homepage.
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HOUSTON – Investigators are releasing little information about the death of a Houston man.
Chickasaw County Coroner Andy Harmon said Johnny Smith, 55, was killed Tuesday morning at about 8:45. Harmon is not releasing the cause of death, nor the events that lead to Smith's death.
Chickasaw County deputies have arrested a person of interest in connection with Smith's death, but hadn't charged him with murder as of Tuesday night.
Danza Johnson/Daily Journal


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Beef Sustainability Research
Contact: , 308-697-3486;
The beef checkoff has funded the only sustainability project that is focused on addressing both scientific and consumer concerns regarding sustainable food production along all phases of the beef value chain. This dynamic sustainability project is the first and largest sustainability project of its kind and is setting the global standard for agriculture commodity sustainability research. Read more in the checkoff's Beef Issues Quarterly newsletter.
The Beef Checkoff Program was established as part of the 1985 Farm Bill. The checkoff assesses $1 per head on the sale of live domestic and imported cattle, in addition to a comparable assessment on imported beef and beef products. States retain up to 50 cents on the dollar and forward the other 50 cents per head to the Cattlemen's Beef Promotion and Research Board, which administers the national checkoff program, subject to USDA approval.


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ABLA Homes
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|ABLA Homes
2007 photograph of one of the low-rise ABLA Homes (foreground) with demolition of a ABLA high-rise (background).
|Bordered by Cabrini St. (North), Ashland Ave. (West), 15th St. (South), Blue Island Ave. (East)
Chicago, Illinois,
United States
|1938–39; Addams Homes
1942–43; Brooks Homes
1960–62; Brooks Extensions
1951; Loomis Courts
1952–55; Abbott Homes
|Chicago Housing Authority
ABLA Homes (Jane Addams Homes, Robert Brooks Homes, Loomis Courts and Grace Abbott Homes) was a Chicago Housing Authority (CHA) public housing development made up of four different public housing projects located on the Near-West Side of Chicago, Illinois. The name "ABLA" was an acronym for four different housing developments that together constituted one large site. The four housing developments that made up ABLA were: the Jane Addams Homes, Robert Brooks Homes (including the Robert Brooks Extension), Loomis Courts, and the Grace Abbott Homes totalling 3,596 units. It spanned from Cabrini Street on the north to 15th Street on the south; and from Blue Island Avenue on the east to Ashland Avenue on the west. Most of ABLA has been razed for Roosevelt Square, a new mixed-income community development. For most of their existence the ABLAs held more than 17,000 residents (though only 8,500 were officially on the lease), giving it the second largest population in the CHA. It was second only to the Robert Taylor Homes and Cabrini–Green in land area and had a higher occupancy than Cabrini–Green.
Jane Addams and Grace Abbott Homes[edit]
The Jane Addams Homes (one of the first three public housing projects in Chicago) consisted of 32 buildings of 2, 3, and 4 stories (987 units) built in 1938 by Franklin D. Roosevelt's PWA Program. They housed hundreds of diverse families over several decades until they were vacated in 2002.[1] They were famous for their animal sculptures in the court area. The buildings have largely been demolished. The one remaining building at 1322-24 West Taylor is being incorporated into plans for a new National Public Housing Museum,[2] as part of the International Sites of Conscience.[3] Originally made up of 7 15-story buildings and 33 2-story rowhouse buildings (1,198 units), the Grace Abbott Homes were built in 1955. In 2005, four of the high-rise buildings were demolished, and the rest were demolished by 2007. This property is planned to be redeveloped in Phases 3-6 of the new Roosevelt Square mixed-income community.
Robert Brooks Homes and Extensions/Loomis Courts[edit]
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The Robert Brooks Homes were built in 1943 with 835 rowhouse units. Between 1997 and 2000 the original project was rebuilt in two phases. The $45 million CHA-funded renovation reduced unit density per acre resulting in 330 units of public housing.
The Robert Brooks extensions were built in 1961 and were made up of three 16-story buildings (450 units). One building at 1239 S. Racine was demolished in 1998. The remaining two buildings were demolished in 2001.
In 2005, Phase 1 of a new mixed-income development called Roosevelt Square was under construction on this site.
The Loomis Courts were built in 1951; this 126-unit complex consists of two buildings of seven stories each. It was built with city-state funds, not federal public housing funds. In 2005, the CHA started a 2-phase rehabilitation of the property that will result in all units being preserved as affordable rental housing. Rents will continue to be based on 30% of household income.
Cross Ashland[edit]
Just west of the ABLA's was small neighbourhood affectionately known as "'cross Ashland," named for the southern twang in which many residents of the downtown and the projects pronounced its location. Bordered by Ashland Ave. to the east, Western Ave. on the west, the 15th Pl. train tracks to the south and Roosevelt Rd. on the north. This area originally went as far north as Polk, pre-dating the Medical district. Many blacks and Jews lived in the area through much of the 20th century until the late sixties when most Jews, Poles and Italians moved away. Cross Ashland also extended east all the way to Halsted. Before the ABLA homes were constructed many Blacks worked at the various railyard companies at 15th St. before the companies all moved to foreign lands and the suburbs. They were proud to leave the oppressive south and work arduous hours to feed families and attend barbecues. In 2005 this community of roughly 10,000 in the fifties and 5,000 in the nineties was eventually brought to an end in a mass fire sale to land developers. Today the Cross Ashland area remains underdeveloped save for the new FBI building and University Police Station.
Crime and Violence[edit]
The housing projects were plagued by street gangs, drugs, and violent crimes. Most notably, the ABLA development was controlled by factions of the Black Gangster Disciples. In mid-1986, Break-ins by entry through bathroom medicine cabinets began occurring in the Abbott buildings. The apartments at the end of each floor bathrooms were separated by only two feet of tunnel space. the space was generally created for plumbers and janitors to have easy access to the pipes in the buildings.
Ruth Mae McCoy[edit]
On April 22, 1987, 52-year-old Ruth Mae McCoy was murdered by someone who entered her 11th floor Abbott apartment (1440 W. 13th St.) through her bathroom cabinet somewhere between 8:50-9:05 PM. McCoy called 911 at 8:45 that evening to report that someone in the apartment next door was coming through her bathroom cabinet. Due to her unintelligible responses to the operator, The call was noted as a "disturbance with a neighbor". After two more calls came through to 911 between 8:50-9:04 PM about screaming and gunshots coming from apartment 1109 (McCoy's apartment), Police arrived ten minutes later. When police arrived they attempted to go into the apartment with a key they received from the housing office when their knocks went unanswered, But the key didn't work. On April 23, 911 received a call from McCoy's neighbour worried and concerned about her whereabouts, considering she had seen police at her door the night before and she still had not seen her. Chicago Police and CHA security guards arrived back at McCoy's apartment. After the knocks and calls for McCoy went unanswered, some officers suggested to just break the door down but some CHA security guards warned them not to for two reasons: The housing authority and police department could be sued by the tenant. and the door would have to be re-secured. The following evening, a CHA official arrived at McCoy's door with a carpenter who drilled the lock on the door. McCoy was found lying on her bedroom floor shot four times; in her left shoulder, left thigh, right side of her abdomen and right upper arm . Two men, Edward Turner, 18 and John Hondras, 21 were charged with: murder, home invasion, armed robbery, armed violence, and residential burglary. Witnesses claim that they saw the two men carrying McCoy's 19-inch colour TV and rocking chair around the project in the early morning hours after her death. Due to lack of evidence, the charges against the two men were dropped after two years of the trial. The victim's daughter, Vernita McCoy, sued the Chicago Housing Authority for the cause of her mother's death in 1988.[4][5]
Existing conditions[edit]
ABLA once held over 17,000 residents but due to redevelopment only 2,100 residents remain. Throughout the late 1990s and early 2000s, the Little Italy neighbourhood (and inner city Chicago in general) underwent a significant period of gentrification resulting in almost all of the Chicago Housing Authority's projects being demolished or slated for redevelopment. The University Village redevelopment of the general Maxwell Street neighbourhood and the expansion of the south campus of University of Illinois at Chicago also contributed to the end of ABLA.
CHA Plan for Transformation[edit]
The CHA's redevelopment plan for ABLA is named Roosevelt Square and includes 1,467 public housing units, of which 329 units were completed in 2000 as part of a complete rehab of the Brooks Homes and 383 off-site CHA replacement units were newly constructed. Construction of the remaining 775 on-site mixed-income units at Roosevelt Square began in 2004. ABLA's new physical design includes traditional Chicago-style buildings including single family homes and six-flat structures. In June 2005, the Chicago Park District reopened Fosco Park, a 57,000-square-foot (5,300 m2) community centre which includes an indoor swimming pool, gymnasium and a new daycare facility. A new Jewel/Osco supermarket opened near ABLA in January 2002. The redevelopment plan also includes an integrated "campus" green space with Smyth School and Duncan YMCA. A new fire and police station was constructed near ABLA.
The "Vill"[edit]
The common nickname for the ABLA homes is "the village," or "the vill," Due to their proximity to downtown and the UIC Medical Center/University, the ABLAs can be seen in several films and television programs:
- The 80s police drama Hill Street Blues was set at a police station located two blocks east of ABLA. Stories from the show often involved situations there.
- In the 1987 film Next Of Kin many scenes were filmed in and around ABLA, most notably one in which Patrick Swayze hides from his pursuers inside the Robert Brooks Extension and bribes a young child to misdirect them.
- In the 2001 film Hardball, Keanu Reeves coaches a ragtag bunch of kids on an inner-city little league team. Almost half the film was shot at ABLA.
- Several episodes of ER, Chicago Hope and Early Edition have filmed scenes in and around the ABLA homes.
- ^ http://livingnewdeal.berkeley.edu/projects/jane-addams-homes-chicago-il/
- ^ http://www.publichousingmuseum.org/
- ^ http://www.sitesofconscience.org/members/national-public-housing-museum/
- ^ They Came in Through the Bathroom Mirror A Murder in the Projects (Chicago Reader) By Steve Bogira
- ^ 2nd Suspect Charged In Slaying, Robbery (Chicago Tribune) June 10, 1987


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Artist: Todd Rundgren
Album: No World Order
Genre: Rock
Suck my breast, I'm the word made flesh
Ain't no rest for the word made flesh
My lips are moving but I hear no sound
It's that same old noise, it's in sensurround
Tune yourself up and count yourself down
Word made flesh, word made flesh
Lord help me rise to this occasion
Word made, word made flesh
I've been toiling so hard in the vineyard
Pay your debts to the word made flesh
East meets west in the word made flesh
I see you talking, but I still can't hear
Like a box of glass blocking off my ears
Turn off the charm and prey on your fears
Brainless pests for the word made flesh
Wall Street desks curse the word made flesh
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You haven't experienced Oregon until you've visited Eugene! This vibrant college town is home to the University of Oregon ducks and prides itself as TrackTown USA. Amtrak's Eugene Depot is in the heart of historic downtown Eugene surrounded by hotels, fine dining, shopping and performing arts. Markets, celebrations and street fairs keep this community hopping. Golf courses, breweries, art galleries and sports venues are integrated in the business district, so fun naturally follows work. With award-winning public transportation and dedicated bike lanes, it is easy to explore Eugene.
TOURISM INFORMATION: Eugene Cascades & Coast | 1-800-547-5445
AMTRAK CUSTOMER SERVICE www.amtrak.com/contact-us | 1-800-872-7245
At the station
Eugene Station
433 Willamette Street
Eugene, OR 97401
Services Include:
- Ticket Agent Available
- Restaurants
- Enclosed waiting area
- Wheelchair accessible
- Parking: Free short-term and overnight parking
- Ticket Agent Available
- Wheelchair accessible
- ATM available on site
- Checked baggage available during station hours
- Parking: Free short-term parking available
Ticketing Hours:
- 5:15 a.m. - 9:00 p.m.
Station Lobby Hours:
- 5:15 a.m. - 9:00 p.m.
- 11:00 p.m. - 11:45 p.m.
Eugene Attractions
University of Oregon Take the train on game day! The Amtrak depot is two miles from Autzen Stadium and PK Park. Arrive in downtown Eugene and join the students walking the Ruth Bascom Riverbank Path System to the game, or catch a shuttle. The University of Oregon (UO) serves over 20,000 students studying over 200 academic programs. The main campus comprises 80 architecturally- significant buildings on 295 beautiful acres. The Ford Alumni Center offers tours six days a week, or take a self-guided tour of the UO's sustainability, campus trees, artwork or architecture. The Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art has an extensive collection of Chinese, Japanese, Korean and European Art.
Hult Center for the Performing Arts A cultural center for Eugene, the Hult Center for the Performing Arts comprises a large concert hall with beautiful architecture and excellent acoustical features, a smaller theater and a visual arts gallery. The Hult Center, along with other local venues, offers a robust calendar featuring international headliners as well as local talent. Performing arts include the Eugene Ballet Company, Eugene Concert Choir, Eugene Opera, Eugene Symphony and more
Ruth Bascom Riverbank Path SystemOver 100 miles of paved riverfront paths and multi-use trails connect downtown Eugene and downtown Springfield. Five pedestrian/bike bridges crisscross the Willamette River. In the spring the Owen Memorial Rose Garden blossoms with 4,000 roses and the country's oldest and largest Black Tartarian cherry tree. In the fall, colorful foliage transforms the riverbank into a palette of red, orange, yellow and gold. Explore Skinner Butte Park with its historic landmarks, RiverPlay playground and scenic viewpoint overlooking Eugene. Named a 2013 Top Urban Bike Path by USA Today.
17 minutes from station
3 minutes from station
Fifth Street Public MarketEugene's answer to chic, the Fifth Street Public Market offers fashionable shopping and fantastic dining in a rambling historic building. Courtyards and balconies weave together five floors of specialty retail shops. Highlights include an international food court, coffee shop, swank boutique hotel, salon and day spa, wine tasting and Eugene's esteemed Marche restaurant. Enjoy live entertainment. During the holidays, it "snows" every weekend at dusk, rain or shine.
Saturday MarketIt's a tradition! Since the early 70s local artisans have gathered at Eugene's Park Blocks rain or shine to sell their handmade or home-grown products. This is the oldest weekly, open-air market in the country! Shop for unique gifts from tie dye to jewelry. Enjoy delicious food and live entertainment. Every Saturday from April through October.
7 minutes from station
Eugene Ale Trail From Eugene's Whiteaker neighborhood to downtown Springfield, the Eugene Ale Trail showcases the region's top breweries. Tour flagship brewers like Ninkasi Brewing Company and discover fantastic small batch breweries like Claim 52 Brewing and Agrarian Ales Brewing Company. Stamps on the Eugene Ale Trail passport earn fun prizes while supplies last
4 minutes from station
Alton Baker ParkThis spectacular riverfront park is home to the Cuthbert Amphitheatre, the Nobel Peace Park, The Science Factory and Pre's Trail. Adjacent the Ruth Bascom Riverbank Path System and close to Autzen Stadium and PK Park, Alton Baker Park is a great afternoon destination. During the summer rent paddle boards and kayaks from local vendors. Picnic under the pavilions along the river and watch the ducks swimming in the pond. Art and the Vineyard is a signature event held here each summer. The park also hosts numerous festivals and running events.
26 minutes from station
6 minutes from station
Getting Around
LTD (Lane Transit District) 541-687-5555 or 800-248-3861
LTD connects Eugene with the University of Oregon campus, Springfield, Cottage Grove and even the McKenzie River.
Bike or WalkA chauffeured transportation option that can be customized for regional tours.
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Car Rentals Rent a car to get around town and road trip to the Oregon Coast or into the Cascades.
Oregon Taxi Twenty-four hour service. 541-434-8294


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Difference between plant firm and industry ?
Answer: Your hair is hot...it looks like astroturf.
All the three words are interrelated and it is quite difficult to differentiate.
Basically industry refers to a product where as firm means a company engaged in business related to that particular product and plant is a place where the manufacturing of that product takes.
Now an example by which you can understand this better.
Chennai based TVS Motor Co is a well established FIRM in two wheeler INDUSTRY who have their manufactureing PLANT at Hosur inTamil Nadu as well as another PLANT at Mysore in Karnataka.
a firm is a single unit in some business while industry is the collection of the firms doing similar business. for eg raymond is a textile making while the industry is textile industry
- Related Questions and Answers:
- How much money is currently out of circulation in the UK, due to people saving 1p's, 2p's, etc?
- can you cash a personal check that is over 90 days?
- How can I open my own online women's clothing store?
- How to make money online?
- why can customers be mean?
- When is the best time of the year for airline prices!?
- Can your employer garnish your check for a mistake that cost the company money?
- is there such thing as a retracable pen that does not make a clicking sound when clicked?


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Raymond Gerhard Thevis, Sr.
Funeral services will be held at St. Joseph Catholic Church, Friday, March 8, 2013, at 2:00 p.m. for Raymond Gerhard Thevis, Sr., 78, who died Monday, March 4, 2013, at his residence in Rayne.
Interment will be in the St. Joseph Cemetery #2, Rayne.
Surviving are two sons, Hebert Thevis, Sr. and wife, Carolyn, of Mire, and Raymond Thevis, Jr. and wife, Phyllis, of Crowley; two daughters, Ramona "Mona" T. Meche and husband, Jeffery, of Rayne, and Dina T. Bergeron and husband, Shane, of Rayne; eight grandchildren, Herbert "Herbie" Thevis, Jr. of Mire, Scott Thevis of Scott, Zachary Thevis and wife, Kathryne Lacey, of Iota, Brant Thevis of Eunice, Trevor Meche of Rayne, Erica Meche Alleman and husband, Mark, of Rayne, Dylan Bergeron of Rayne, and Caleb Bergeron of Rayne; four great grandchildren, Taylor Thevis of Mire, Cameron Thevis of Mire, Tylee Alleman of Rayne, and Rylee Thevis of Eunice; one brother, Edward Thevis and wife, Sally, of Lafayette; and one sister, Antonia Thevis Hoffpauir of Rayne.
He was preceded in death by his wife, Eunice Marie Abshire Thevis; parents, Herbard Thevis and Maria Ohlenforst Thevis; two brothers, Herbert "Jackie" Thevis and Norbert Thevis; and one brother-in-law, Lloyd Hoffpauir, Sr..
He was born Friday, April 13, 1934, in Rayne, son of the late Herbard Thevis and the late Maria Ohlenforst Thevis.
He was a past Rayne City Councilman, member of Rayne Lions Club and past district governor, American Legion Post 77, Knights of Columbus 4th degree, and a Hunter Education Instructor.
A rosary will be recited Thursday, March 7, 2013, at 7:00 p.m. at Gossen Funeral Home in Rayne.
Friends will be received at Gossen Funeral Home, Inc., Rayne, Thursday, March 7, 2013, from 11:00 a.m. until 10:00 p.m. and Friday from 8:00 a.m. until 1:30 p.m.
Friends may view the obituary and guestbook online at www.gossenfuneralhome.net.
Arrangements have been entrusted to Gossen Funeral Home, Inc. of Rayne.