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- July 29, 1985
- Vol. 24
- No. 5
Flight of Terror
Hijacked to Beirut, a TWA Stewardess Stares Down Terrorists and Fights Her Own Fears to Help Save Lives
We had just taken off from Athens about 10 a.m., still climbing out, and I was putting my apron on and getting ready to serve wine and champagne to the first-class passengers. I was looking in my bag for a corkscrew. Suddenly I heard this commotion in the plane, and as I stood up, I was slammed against the cockpit door. Someone kicked me in my left chest with a karate kick, jumped up and kicked me, and then I felt the muzzle of a gun at my left temple.
Two men. Very excited, sweating and shouting Arabic at me to open the door to the cockpit. I speak a little Arabic, so I asked them, "Where are you from, what do you want?" Then I said, "I speak German." One of the hijackers, the one with the gun, then said in flawless German, "We come to die, we come to die. Open the door. We come to die."
They had run from the back of the plane, spraying the cabin with a Mace-like substance, and one was holding grenades with the pins removed. He held the pins in his mouth, between his teeth.
I didn't have the key to the cockpit, and the hijackers started banging away at the door. I shouted, "Captain, captain, open up." Finally, with the grenade-carrying hijacker kicking away at it, a wooden flap on the bottom that is used for emergency exits flipped down. The hijackers ripped that off and started whacking away with it at the door, but still it didn't open. Suddenly the door flew open, and it knocked a grenade pin out of the second hijacker's mouth. Imagine if it had knocked the grenade! He looked at me and I could see he was telling me with his eyes to pick the pin up. I did and put it back between his teeth.
The minute we go in the cockpit they say, "Beirut. Beirut," but they spoke almost no English, just "Americans—goddamned sons of bitches" and other foul words. I was translating everything in German, and the hijackers were in the cockpit, beating the flight engineer [Benjamin Zimmermann, 45] with a pistol, and the captain [John Testrake, 57] said, "Okay, just a minute. We're going to Beirut. We have to get flight clearance and talk to the ground." They said, "No, absolutely no. If you do this, we blow. You fly to Beirut with a map." So we flew to Beirut with a map. We went into a steep, banking 180° turn, and they wanted the plane to do things it couldn't do, and all the time he had the pistol cocked and the safety off. He'd release the hammer sometimes and you'd hear it. Click. Click.
The first 20 minutes were the most volatile. I was in the cockpit. The flight crew wanted to see if we had fuel to make it to Beirut, and the hijackers said, "It doesn't matter. Go until the fuel runs out." And they're beating the flight engineer with a gun. Every time he or the co-pilot [Philip Maresca, 42] picked up a mike, they beat them over the head with a gun. And I'm getting pretty upset by this point. I kept crying and then I stopped, and I kept shaking, you know, involuntarily, your nerves do funny things to your body. You're freezing cold and then you're awfully hot, and the hijacker—very early on the one who spoke German told me I would not be hurt—he said, "What are you nervous about? I told you I'm not going to hurt you."
Then the hijackers started clearing out the first-class section—12 passengers—and putting everyone back in coach. They put the men and strong-looking ones near the windows so they couldn't overpower them, women and children on the outside. Everyone was terrified, but they did what the hijackers wanted. The rest of the cabin crew was forced to go to the back of the plane and sit on the floor.
Everyone had to put their hands behind their necks and bend over, never getting their heads above the tops of the seats. I was the only cabin-crew member allowed to walk around, although always with a hijacker. So when I went back to the cabin for the first time, there was no one to be seen. Empty, yet I knew there were 149 people hiding behind these seats back there. It was incredible.
We flew that way to Beirut, an hour and 45 minutes in the air. When we landed—we're trained to negotiate a release—I suggested to the German-speaking hijacker that maybe we could let all the women go. No. Nothing. Then I said, please, the old, at least the old women and children. I knew the Arabs have a pretty good respect for family, so I tried to appeal to that.
Finally they said they would let off some of the old women and children. We went up and down the aisle—"Hurry, hurry, hurry," he kept saying—looking for old women, women with gray hair. Meanwhile, the other hijacker was running up and down the aisle, trying to keep the cabin and cockpit under control.
I inflated the large emergency slide and started putting people on it. They didn't know where they were, but I told them to run, run and save their lives, jump, jump, jump. There was a little girl sound asleep in her mother's arms. I said, "Please let the child go and the mother." Not the mother, he said. And I said, "You can't let this 4-year-old get off in Beirut without her mother." "All right, mother too," he said. They didn't want to go at first, and I said, "Go, go. Get out. Save your life." When her mother went down the slide, the little girl didn't even wake up.
When the slide went down, I thought of leaving with the others. I kept getting closer to the slide, and finally the German-speaking hijacker said, "You stay, you stay. Understand?" I realized that if I tried to leave, they might shoot us or kill someone on the aircraft for my action. So I didn't. I thought, forget it, I'm going to stay.
We unhooked the slide. I never knew I was so strong, but one of the hijackers helped me lift the slide off the hooks near the door. We closed the door, and we went rolling. We weren't in Beirut very long.
We took off to an unknown destination. When we were in the air, they told us Algiers. I said to myself, "Oh, my God, that's four hours away."
The first thing they did was start collecting everybody's passport. I said I didn't have anything to put them in, so the German-speaking hijacker started running frantically up and down the aisle, and he finally pulled one of the passenger's bags out and emptied it, dumped it and gave me that bag. It was a cloth bag with very colorful stripes. The hijacker goes with me, putting passports in the bag.
The hijacker was especially interested in the American military men who were not carrying passports, only green identification cards. "Well, what is he?" he says. "What nationality?" Then they found the one red "official" American passport belonging to Kurt Carlson [a major in the Army Reserve on active duty for Middle East projects].
They called them up to the first-class section one by one. Carlson wanted me to tell him he was in the Army Reserve. I'm talking through my teeth to him: "The less you say, the better." The hijacker wanted to know what "official" passport means. I told him, "Oh, it could mean a lot of things—a special trip." Then Robert Stethem was called up, and he told the hijackers he was in the Navy. The hijacker started talking about the New Jersey [the battleship that bombarded the hills near Beirut in 1984] and kept asking me, "What is the word for Navy in German?" Well, our word for Navy is Marine, which is like Marines, so I said, "No. Not Marines. Navy." But he never understood very well. They brought up the others, [Clinton] Suggs and the rest, military, you know, with short haircuts and ID cards. They kept those four guys singled out.
Then they had us separate the Americans from the others—I remember seeing at least about 12 or 15 non-American passports—then all the women from the men. They kept changing people's seats all through the flight.
At one point, Dr. [Arthur] Toga got my attention and said that his wife was pregnant and was very uncomfortable. I went up to the hijackers, and one of them immediately cleaned out the first row of coach for her and started talking to her. He was very concerned.
They were almost human again. They even helped me serve water, and they made sure that the airflow was going. I think they were very afraid of chaos on the plane, right?
When we got to Algiers, at 4, maybe 5 p.m., the hijackers got nervous again. They were running back and forth, and I was in the cockpit, again translating. The Algerians looked like they were stalling about fueling the plane, trying to buy time, and the hijackers were very upset.
At one point one of the hijackers leaned out of a cockpit window, all the way out except for his legs. The captain called me over and said, "What do you think, Uli?" We could have tossed him out very easily, but we couldn't be sure of the other hijacker in back. He had the live grenades, and the whole airplane would have gone up.
There was a lot of shouting between the ground crew and the cockpit. The ground crew wanted to get paid for the fuel. They are screaming for cash or a credit card, and the hijackers are threatening to kill one passenger every five minutes if we didn't get fuel. The captain turns around and says, "This is ridiculous." The co-pilot is bright red in the face, screaming his lungs out to the ground not to be so stupid, we don't carry a card. So I ran back to the cabin and asked, "Does anyone have a credit card?" As I was shouting this, I said, "What's wrong with me? I've got a Shell card." So I asked for permission to go to my purse, and I got out my card and gave it to them. They put 6,000 gallons of jet fuel on my Shell credit card, about $5,500 worth.
We took off again for Beirut. It was probably better for me than the others, because I was constantly walking up and down, constantly talking to the hijackers, instead of being hunched down and hot and uncomfortable. It was incredible. One of the hijackers would run up, down, up and down the aisle. Once he jumped three feet in the air and landed on a woman and shattered her glasses in her face because she turned her head to get a little air. This is torture. They are trained to do this. These are terrorists.
And this time the German-speaking hijacker told me to tell him everyone who is Jewish. I told him that American passports did not reveal religion. He said, "You mean you can't tell who's an Israeli?" I told him there were no Israelis aboard. Then he said, "Pick out all the Jews." I said, "There is no way I can find this out for you." Then he says, "Where's your passenger list?" He made me read the names of the passengers, and Brown was first. He said, "Brown. Go and get Brown." I said, "Brown, this is not a Jewish name."
Next was Herzberg, Mr. and Mrs. I shoved Mrs. Herzberg's passport into another one and put it at the bottom of the pile. She was never called, just him. So the hijacker singled out about six or seven, along with the four military people, and then they lost interest. The other passports were lying all over the place, but they had satisfied their need, and the others were not called.
Then he called Robert Stethem to the first-class section. It's a night flight now. The hijacker with grenades took off his own shirt and his undershirt, and he took out a razor blade. I started getting very emotional because I thought of throat cutting. All the lights were turned off in the cabin. Only the galley lights were on. Then the hijacker started cutting his undershirt into small strips. He's blindfolding Stethem. Very tight. And then he takes one of those thick elastic cords from a suitcase cart and ties up his hands, very, very high behind his back and pulls that elastic cord to the very end. Stethem's hands immediately turn white. Then they drag him to the cockpit door and they are beating Robert Stethem with the armrest they ripped off the flight engineer's seat. They were jumping in the air and landing full force on his body. He must have had all his ribs broken. I was sitting only 15 feet away. I couldn't listen to it. I put my fingers in my ears. I will never forget. I could still hear. They put the mike up to his face so his screams could be heard by the outside world. When they were finished, one of the hijackers picked him up like a cat picks up its kitten and dragged him over to a seat.
Then they called for Kurt Carlson, and they did the same thing to him. While they were doing that, I found two other carts and dumped the elastic bands in the garbage. And I pushed the razor blade into the garbage.
Now I'm telling...I'm telling Bob—Robert Stethem—to hang on. He was in tremendous pain. His arms had lost all feeling. I kept saying to this German-speaking hijacker, "Can I not untie his hands? We're cooperating with you. Why are you doing this to those people?" He said, "No. Leave him alone. He's just an American pig." I kept asking, please. Then he let me untie his hands. It took me five minutes, the elastic was so tight. There was a carving knife hidden in the galley, but I didn't want to bring it out to cut the cord. Then the hijacker told me to take him to a seat in coach. I'm lifting this man over passengers. He was hurt very badly.
When they were finished with Carlson, they said, "Now you can serve your food." They told me I could go feed the passengers omelets, after all this. They let me call the other flight attendants to help me. The omelets were horrible-looking. Nobody wanted to eat them. And this was the first food we had for 12 hours on the plane. And then the hijackers came up to me and said, "Which way is east?" They wanted to pray. They have almost beaten two people to death, and now they want to pray. They took paper towels from the bathroom and put them down in the first-class section. They wanted to pray on a clean floor.
After that, I was sitting down, and they asked me if I would sing. And I said, "What do you want to hear?" I was trying to keep them out of the cockpit as much as possible. At first I sang them Brahms' Lullaby, and then the German version of Patty Cake, Patty Cake, the children's song. That gave me a clue that they may even have children of their own. I sang Lili Marlene, but they really wanted to hear songs by a German singer named Freddy, who sings about being homesick. When I sang Heimatlos, or "without a country," one of the hijackers said, "That's just like the Lebanese people." It was the first time I saw him show any real emotion. I thought about the movie Playing for Time. So I'm singing to him in German. This is morbid. This is horrible.
And we talked. They talked about the Bible and the Koran. They know the religion inside out. He said, "The world will be Muslim, you know, we will all be Muslim." And I said, "No, this cannot happen." And I asked them what they wanted. They said the Israelis must free 700 of their prisoners. I said I didn't believe it could be done. Later, when I went back to the cabin, I whispered to some of the passengers that they wanted 700 of their people freed by the Israelis. Their first reaction was, "Oh, shit." We never thought it would happen.
At one point, when I was singing to them, one of the hijackers, the one who didn't speak German, told the other one that he'd like to marry me. The German-speaking one told me that it was just a joke, but I wasn't too sure. I tried anything to get him off the subject. Finally, it worked. But later I sat on a flight attendant's jump seat and put my head in my hands and cried. I never thought I would see my 7-year-old son or my husband again.
After that, when we were getting close to Beirut, they started beating Suggs. They stood him up in first class with his arms tied behind his back so he had to bend over, and they hit him. They said, "You American pig, just because you're big you think you're strong. You're stupid."
I'd had enough. I was sitting right across the aisle, and I got up and said, "This is enough. Stop it right now." I grabbed the hijacker who was beating Suggs—he was pulling his gun out—and told him to stop. They're Muslim, they don't like to be touched by women. And I said, "We are cooperating. We are doing everything you want. Stop it right now." I'm putting myself between Suggs and the hijacker. I took Suggs and put him back in his seat. I pushed the hijacker away. It stopped him. I think it was the most awful thing I've experienced in my whole life.
When we went to land, the airport at Beirut was barricaded and the tower wouldn't let us land. I told this to the hijackers, and they got mad. One of them shouted, "We are landing, we are coming in." He told Captain Testrake to circle around the airport until his fuel ran out, then come in for a landing. The captain turns around and says to me, "Uli, you must be prepared for the worst. Prepare the passengers for an emergency landing." And I am getting hold of Phil's, the co-pilot's, arm, and I said, "Can you land on grass?" And he said, "If we find the bloody airport, I'll land anywhere." But he doesn't know the mountains around him. It could be a water landing, it could be a rooftop or a mountain. I was sweating blood. It was one of the worst times for me. The landing gear is down. The captain is making one low circle over the airport, going on his instinct. I thought I was going to die. And I got very calm. It's amazing when you make up your mind that you're going to die.
The landing gear is down a long time, the engines roaring. The hijacker suddenly insists there are people in the tower. The captain says no. The hijacker says yes, and that makes me very suspicious. Later I realized he knew Amal had taken over the airport.
Suddenly—I'm looking out my half-open window shade though they were all supposed to be down—I see blue taxi lights. At that moment the airplane pulls up into a steep bank. Sweat is just running off me. The captain just realized he was in no position to land, and he's making a big come-around, and he comes on the PA as cool as can be and says, "Ladies and gentlemen, it will be a normal landing."
After the landing there was dead silence. The hijackers also had a message they made me give on the PA system. They told me to say there would be a noise after we landed, but they should stay in their seats. By this time I was sitting way in the back of the plane, in the last row of coach. The hijackers didn't want me in first class. The curtain to first class had been pulled so nobody could see what was going on. Then they shot Robert Stethem. A few minutes later one of the hijackers walked down the aisle singing. It was in Arabic, but I've never heard a tune like it. It was quite an emotional song, you could tell. I think it was a victory song. I sat across the aisle from another flight attendant, and I said, "They just shot one. They just shot one." And that's all I said.
We'd been on the ground for about 10 minutes when I heard this tremendous noise from the back of the plane. I had my head down like all the other passengers, but I saw a lot of legs running by my seat. I tried to count the legs to see how many people were coming on board. All I could see was military fatigues. They were running right by me, loaded with weapons. I thought, "The Israelis have come to save us!" And I'm lifting my head, you know, to look, and this one guy that's running by just gives me a real big swack on my head, in my neck to go down. It was the Amal militia. They were everywhere. There was no way out.
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It has been estimated by various authors that the incidence of Meckel's diverticulum lies between 1 and 2 per cent. Of these certainly few cause symptoms, and the pathologic changes as listed by Hudson1 are certainly bizarre. Ochsner2 and Miller and Wallace3 have correlated pathologic observations and symptomatology. In young persons, hemorrhage secondary to actual ulceration is most common, while in the adult group intestinal obstruction as a result of inflammation or torsion is found most frequent.
None of these sources mention stones within the diverticulum as a possible pathologic finding. A review of the literature4 reveals this complication to be rare, and the present report is the eleventh recorded case of their occurrence. In 7 of these 11 cases the lesion gave rise to symptoms. And as might be expected from the acute type and location of pain together with the physical and laboratory findings,
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The International Olympic Committee has launched an investigation into claims that Olympic officials illegally sold thousands of tickets to the London 2012 Games for up to ten times their face value.
The IOC called an emergency meeting of its executive board after The Sunday Times reported that officials had been caught selling tickets on the black market. It said it would impose the "strongest sanctions" against any agent proven to have illegally sold tickets.
The newspaper alleges that a two-month investigation revealed corruption involving people representing 54 separate countries.
Undercover reporters from the newspaper posing as Middle Eastern ticket touts


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I've already tried to get an answer in another thread (pain in the big toe) but I haven't received any yet.
My joints of both big toes hurt, when I step on the balls of my feet, e.g. doing lunges or certain yoga poses. Now, I've read that dairy can cause pain in the joints...I raised my intake during the last two weeks (as a vegetarian it's actually a good source of protein) and the toes get worse. My question is, if dairy is the cause? Or can it be workout related? Before I see the doc to get tested for lactose intolerance, I'd like to have an opinion on that here first. Don't want to make a fool of myself coming up with my thought of dairy being the cause at the doctors.
Any experiences or opinions????
Thank you!
If you are responding to dairy, it is not likely that that is related to a lactose intolerance. Lactose intolerance tends to be more of a gi response. It is more likely related to an autoimmune response to something else in the dairy, like a protein. Quickest, easiest and cheapest way to find out is to stop all dairy for a couple of weeks and see what happens.


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European Society for the History of Political Thought Inaugural Conference: Towards a European Political Thought: in the Footsteps of Herodotus
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Political Thought is undoubtedly one of the most peculiar 'productions' generated by European culture - perhaps the most 'European' of all. The historical study of this great heritage - its contents, values and teaching, both as elaboration from, and inspiration for our political institutions - constitutes one of the great challenges for the development of European culture in the 21st century.
History of Political Thought has established itself as an important academic discipline in Italy and has been cultivated in most European countries, though sometimes in a national perspective, or as part of other subjects, such as Political Science or Modern and Contemporary History. A European Society for the History of Political Thought could provide a great incentive to its further development as an autonomous academic discipline, particularly in Eastern European countries.
The fundamental aim of this Society, however, should be that of providing a European perspective for the History of Political Thought and a historical approach to the study of this fundamental cultural deposit, whose knowledge cannot be avoided by any 'decently European' proposal for the political future of our continent.
For these reasons the project of setting up a European Society for the History of Political Thought was promptly and generously supported by Yves Meny, The President of the European University Institute in Florence, and has taken shape in discussions among a small group of scholars from all parts of the continent.
The Founding Committee of the Society held its first meeting at the European University Institute on the 8th September 2008, to define the Society's aims, activities and statute, which were then publicly registered at a Florentine notary, and a second meeting which also took place at the Institute on the 13th March 2009.
The first activity of the society will be its opening Conference and convening assembly. The Inaugural Conference will take place at the European University Institute in Florence and is scheduled for Monday 6 and Tuesday 7 July 2009.
Its leading motto will be
Towards a European Political Thought: in theFootsteps of Herodotus.
The Conference Programme will consist of a set of four keynote speakers, who will be asked to reflect on and elucidate their way of doing the study of European political thought, followed by five panels, discussing work-in-progress in what are seen as key debates in the historical study of European political thought.
The General Assembly will take place at the end of the Conference, on the 7th July 2009, and will proceed to the election of the President, the Executive Committee and the Audit Commission of the European Society for the History of Political Thought.
Prof. Lea Campos Boralevi
European Society for the History of Political Thought
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American Experience: The Abolitionists (Parts 1 & 2)
Tuesday, July 7 at 8:00 and 9:00 p.m.
Vividly bringing to life the epic struggles of the men and women who fought to end slavery, "The Abolitionists" tells the intertwined stories of Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, Angelina Grimké, Harriet Beecher Stowe and John Brown.
Fighting body and soul, they led the most important civil rights crusade in American history. What began as a pacifist movement became a fiery and furious struggle that forever changed the nation.
Black and white, Northerners and Southerners, poor and wealthy, these passionate anti-slavery activists tore the nation apart in order to form a more perfect union.
Part three, the conclusion of "The Abolutionists," airs on Tuesday, July 14 at 8:00 p.m.


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Meaningful Use Criteria
"Meaningful Use" is the term being utilized by the U.S. DHHS Office of the National Coordinator (ONC) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) to depict the federal considerations that capable suppliers including My Canadian Pharmacy must satisfy the quality to admit financial incentives for utilizing electronic health records (EHRs) in a significant manner.The significant usage considerations will comprehend three levels that are being rolled out over time. Stage 1 and Stage 2 considerations have been formalized at this point. Additionally to determing the specifications that health care suppliers should satisfy in order to reach significant utilization, the rules outline payment methodologies for the Medicare and Medicaid EHR incentive programs.
The final Stage 1 rule on MU is available here.
CMS Meaningful Use web site – click to read
The final Stage 2 rule on MU is available here.
CMS Stage 2 Meaningful Use web site – click to read
Stage 2 Meaningful Use Overview Tipsheet – click to read
Other useful links and materials are available on this web page. Also, please visit the ONC's Web site for complete information on meaningful use and standards and certification.
Other Resources:
Stage 1 vs. Stage 2 Comparison Table (for eligible professionals) – click to read
Stage 1 vs. Stage 2 Comparison Table (for hospitals, CAHs) – click to read
CMS Eligble Professional Meaningful Use Table of Contents: Core and Menu Set Measures
More Information
- Additional information about meaningful use
- WVRHITEC Meaningful Use Brochure
- WVRHITEC Meaningful Use Checklist
- Redesigning Practice Workflow Factsheet
- Information for Eligible Providers
- Information for Hospitals
- Official Web Site for the Medicare and Medicaid EHR Incentive Programs
- Fact Sheet: Electronic Health Records At-a-Glance (July 13, 2010)
- Fact Sheet: Medicare EHR Incentive Program Final Rule Overview (July 16, 2010)
- Fact Sheet: Medicaid EHR Incentive Program Final Rule Overview (July 16, 2010)
- Federal Health Information Technology Resource Site
- Federal Health Information Technology HIT Reports
Cooperating with WVRHITEC is a key way for suppliers to assure that they reach MU in accordance to the federal criteria, and, therefore, begin the process to qualify for federal EHR incentive funds.


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Buzzfeed, the site that never says no to a list, has included Houston in another fabulous countdown.
Montrose made the cut among "13 Gayborhoods You Won't Want To Miss." They cited "the art crowd" and "free galleries" and "thrift shops" down Westheimer. There were also shout-outs to Lola's, West Alabama Ice House and Poison Girl.
And of course, the neighborhood's drag scene. They call the weekly shows at TC's on Fairview "can't miss." (I'd add F Bar, Bayou and Meteor to that list, too. See my guide to drag bars here.)
Houston was ranked at No. 9, above Vegas and San Francisco but below the likes of New Orleans, Chicago, Paris, Berlin and New York — "the center of the gay universe."
Photo: Eric Sauseda /


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Rules For Operation of Contests and Sweepstakes: Legal Guide U-3
January 2013
(Business and Professions Code sections 17539-17539.55)
A "contest" is any game, puzzle, scheme, or plan which offers prospective participants the opportunity to receive or compete for gifts or prizes on the basis of skill or skill and chance, and which is conditioned wholly or partly on the payment of some value. "Contest" does not include a sporting event, performance, or tournament of skill, power or endurance between participants who are actually present.1
A person who operates a contest may not represent, either directly or impliedly, that another has won any prize or item of value without disclosing its exact nature and approximate value. Similarly, representations may not be made to another that he or she has won any prize or item of value in a contest unless there has been a real contest in which at least a majority of the participants have failed to win.2
The law requires every person who conducts a contest to disclose on each entry blank the deadline for submission of that entry.3 Use of the word "lucky" to describe an entry form or symbol, or any other implication that advantage is conferred on the participant in preference to other participants, is prohibited. So too is the use of simulated checks, currency or items of value unless they bear the words "SPECIMEN - NONNEGOTIABLE" clearly and conspicuously.4
All contest and promotional puzzles and games must clearly and conspicuously disclose each of the following:
- All the rules, regulations, terms and conditions of the contest.
- The maximum number of puzzles or games which may be necessary to complete the contest and determine winners.
- The maximum amount of money, including postage and handling fees, which a participant may be asked to pay to win each of the prizes offered.
- The date(s) upon which the contest will terminate, and upon which all prizes will be awarded.
- Whether future contests or tie-breakers, if any, will be significantly more difficult than the initial contest, and the method of determining prize-winners if a tie remains after completion of the last tie-breaker.5
Clear and detailed disclosures regarding the nature of the contest and number of contestants also must be made. The total number of contestants anticipated, and the percentage of contestants correctly solving each puzzle (based on prior experience) must be disclosed with the first solicitation and whenever payment of money is required to become or remain a participant.6 The exact nature and approximate value of the prizes must be disclosed clearly and conspicuously whenever prizes are offered.7
Misrepresenting in any manner the odds of winning any prize is prohibited. Representing directly or impliedly that the number of participants has been limited significantly, or that any particular person has been selected to win a prize, is prohibited unless that representation is accurate. All prizes of the value and type represented must be awarded and distributed.8 The opportunity to win a prize cannot be conditioned on a minimum number of entries or contest participants.9
If a tie-breaker for extra cash or any other type of prize may be entered by paying money, it must be clearly disclosed to the participant that the payment is optional and that he or she is not required to make the payment in order to play for these prizes. Participants must be given, clearly and conspicuously, the opportunity to indicate that they wish to enter this phase of the contest for free. However, participants may be required to pay reasonable postage and handling fees, which must be clearly disclosed whenever their payment is required. Reasonable handling fees shall not exceed $1.50 plus the actual cost of postage.10
Every person conducting a contest must refund within one year of payment anything of value received from a participant making written request if the participant was unable to participate through no fault of his or her own. Upon request by any participant, a list of names of all winners, prizes, and correct (and winning) solutions must be provided.11 Upon request by any member of the public, the actual number and percentage of contestants correctly solving each puzzle or game in the most recently completed contest must be provided.12 The operator of a contest must keep detailed records of a contest for at least two years after all the prizes are awarded.13
These provisions do not apply to advertising programs that are regulated by, and comply with, the provisions of California law which govern the use of gifts or prizes to induce attendance at sales presentations (a type of promotional giveaway).14 Also, charitable trusts and corporations, or organizations which are exempt from taxation under state or federal law, are not bound by the provisions on the operation of contests.15
Finally, a contest in which participation is conditioned on payment of value and in which prizes are awarded primarily by chance is a lottery rather than a contest. Under California law, only the California State Lottery may operate a lottery. All other lotteries, except bingo games operated by charitable organizations, are prohibited by California's Penal Code.16
Legal Guides on the rules prohibiting lotteries and the rules for promotional giveaways are available from the California Department of Consumer Affairs, through the department's homepage at www.dca.ca.gov.
(Business and Professions Code Sections
17539.5, 17539.15, 17539.55)
A "sweepstakes" is any procedure for distributing anything of value by lot or chance. A sweepstakes must not violate any provision of law, including the law that prohibits lotteries.17
Consumers often confuse sweepstakes, lotteries and contests. The main difference between a sweepstakes and a lottery is that the lottery participants have paid or promised to pay value for the chance to win the prize.18 The main differences between a sweepstakes and a contest are that the contest participants must use at least some skill to win the prize and must pay some value to participate in the contest.19
In regards to sweepstakes, however, solicitation materials containing sweepstakes entry material or selling information regarding sweepstakes (hereafter "solicitation materials") must include a clear and conspicuous statement that no purchase or payment is necessary in order to enter the sweepstakes. This statement must be included in the solicitation materials in either the official rules or the entry form and must be in readily understandable terms. If the statement is included in the official rules, it must be set out in a separate paragraph and be printed in capital letters in contrasting type. The statement cannot be smaller than the largest type used in the official rules.20
A sweepstakes sponsor may not charge a fee as a condition of receiving a monetary distribution or obtaining information about a prize or sweepstakes.21 The official rules must disclose information about the date(s) the final winner(s) will be determined.22
The operator of the sweepstakes must treat entries that are not accompanied by orders the same as entries that are accompanied by orders. That is, the operator cannot subject an entry that is not accompanied by an order to any disadvantage in the winner selection process that an entry accompanied by an order would not be subjected to.23 In addition, the solicitation materials cannot represent that an entry accompanied by an order may win or may win more prizes than an entry not accompanied by an order, and cannot represent that an entry not accompanied by an order will have a reduced chance of winning.24
Solicitation materials, or solicitation materials selling sweepstakes information, cannot represent that the recipient is a winner or has already won a prize or any particular prize unless the recipient has in fact won a prize or any particular prize. Any such representation is evaluated taking into account the context in which the representation is made (for example, the emphasis, print, size, color, and presentation of the representation and any qualifying language).25
It is also unlawful for sweepstakes offerors to make the following representations in solicitation materials if they are not true: that a person has been specially selected,26 is receiving special treatment or personal attention,27 is receiving a second or final notice of the opportunity to receive or compete for a prize,28 or that a notice is urgent or to otherwise convey urgency by the use of description, phrasing, or similar factors.29 An indication of urgency in solicitation materials may, however, be used when there is a limited time period in which the recipient must take some action to claim or be eligible to receive a prize and the date by which that action must occur is clearly and conspicuously disclosed in the solicitation materials.30 Solicitation materials also must not mislead the public into believing that the materials are from (or authorized by) any court, official, U.S. or state agency, lawyer, law firm, insurance or brokerage company, or be misleading as to their source, authorization or approval.31
In the past, some sweepstakes have sought to solicit or sell "information-access services." Information-access services typically are "900" or "976" numbers.32 It is unlawful for any person to sell or solicit an information-access service in any manner related to a sweepstakes.33 A person may, however, operate a sweepstakes in California through the use of a "900" or "976" number, but must register with the Department of Justice within 10 days after advertising the sweepstakes in this state.34 The sweepstakes operator cannot refer to the fact that he or she is registered with the Department of Justice in any contact with the public.35
Solicitations offering people in California the opportunity to participate in a sweepstakes must disclose the odds of receiving each prize offered.36 The disclosure must be clear and conspicuous in a format such as "1 chance in 100,000" or "1:100,000." If more than one prize is offered, the odds of winning each prize must be separately stated. The disclosure of odds must appear immediately adjacent to the first identification of the prize to which it relates, or in a separate section called "Official Rules" or "Consumer Disclosure." If the disclosure appears in the Official Rules or Consumer Disclosure, there must be a clear and conspicuous statement close to the description of the prizes that directs the recipient to the appropriate section.37
(Business and Professions Code sections 17200, 17534-17536)
Any person who violates the provisions concerning the operation of contests or sweepstakes is guilty of a misdemeanor,38 and may be prosecuted by the Attorney General or by a district attorney. These provisions also are enforceable by civil court actions which can be filed by private parties, district attorneys, city attorneys, county counsel, the Attorney General and other agencies of the State. Depending on the nature of the action, remedies may include civil penalties of up to $2,500 for each violation, injunction, and restitution.39 A contest or sweepstakes which violates these provisions also may be subject to an additional civil penalty of up to $2,500 for each violation as an unlawful business practice.40
NOTICE: The Department of Consumer Affairs strives to make its legal guides accurate in every respect. However, this legal guide is only a guideline and is not a definitive statement of the law. Questions about the laws application to specific circumstances should be directed to an attorney.
This publication is available on the Internet. See the Department of Consumer Affairs' homepage at www.dca.ca.gov.
This document may be copied, if all of the following conditions are met: the meaning of the copied text is not changed; credit is given to the Department of Consumer Affairs; and all copies are distributed free of charge.
Originally prepared by John C. Lamb, Senior Staff Counsel, January 1999. Last updated January 2013 by Rebecca Bon, Staff Counsel.
1. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.3(e), (f).
2. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.1(a)(9), (10).
3. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.2(a).
4. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.1(a)(11), (13).
5. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.1(a)(5).
6. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.1(a)(1).
7. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.1(a)(6). See Business and Professions Code § 17539.1(a) for additional details on these and other requirements.
8. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.1(a)(3), (7), (8).
9. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.35.
10. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.1(a)(14).
11. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.2(b), (c).
12. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.1(a)(2).
13. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.2(d).
14. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.1(b). See Business and Professions Code § 17537.1.
15. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.3(b).
16. Penal Code, § 319 et seq.; Cal. Const., art. IV, § 19.
17. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.5(a)(12); see Penal Code section 320.
18. See Penal Code, § 319. See also Legal Guide U-2, "Rules Prohibiting Lotteries."
19. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17539.3(e),(f).
20. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17839.15(b)
21. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17539.15(l). See this section for a detailed definition of what people or entitles qualify as sweepstakes sponsors.
22. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.15(j).
23. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.15(c).
24. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.15(d).
25. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.15(a).
26. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.15(e).
27. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.15(f).
28. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.15(g).
29. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.15(h).
30. Id.
31. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.15(i).
32. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.5(a)(6). This section defines an information-access service as a telecommunications service that allows a caller to access a telephone number for a charge that is more than or in addition to the charge for the transmission of the call and that is assessed by virtue of the caller placing or completing the call.
33. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.5(d).
34. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.55(a).
35. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.55(d).
36. Statutes 1998, ch. 599, § 16 (SB 597 (Peace)) amended Business and Professions Code section 17539.5, subdivision (d) to prohibit the solicitation or sale of an information access service in any manner related to a sweepstakes. One probable effect of this amendment is to make the disclosure of odds requirement applicable to all sweepstakes solicitations.
37. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17539.5(e).
38. Bus. & Prof. Code, § 17534.
39. Bus. & Prof. Code, §§ 17535, 17536.
40. Bus. & Prof. Code, §§ 17200, 17206.


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BERKELEY SPRINGS - At one point, Jefferson was a perfect 4-for-4 with its shot-to-goal ratio.
The Cougars' first four shots of the second half went for goals.
Then, one of Jefferson's shots didn't go in, but shortly after, another shot went in.
It was part of a hot second-half start, which included five goals in about a 10-minute span, that propelled the Cougars to an 8-2 victory over Berkeley Springs Wednesday.
At the intermission, Jefferson led by just two goals, but opportunities knocked and the Cougars pushed through for six more goals in the second half.
"In the first half, (Berkeley Springs)?played us tough," Jefferson coach Matt Slacker said. "It was the second half where we started playing the right balls to create some scoring opportunities."
And score the Cougars (3-2-4) did.
It started less than a minute into the second half when Catolin Leon got the ball running up the right side, moved in on Berkeley Springs goalkeeper Brandon Krawzyck and fired a shot into the left side of the net to make the score 3-0 at the 39:22 mark.
Austin Doughty made the score 4-0 four minutes later with his second goal of the game, then Tyler Steffey scored less than a minute later to increase the lead to five. A scrum for the ball happened right in front of the net, and Steffey managed to come away with the ball and lace a shot into the net.
Four more goals followed, including a penalty kick by Donald Boucher and a well-crafted goal by Dylan Donlon. Doughty sent in a shot toward the net, and Donlon put the header in for the 8-0 advantage.
"We played right with them in the first half, and it was only a 2-0 game," Berkeley Springs coach Carl Wise said. "We've been making some defensive changes, so maybe that was part of the problem. We had some young guys make a few mistakes, but that's what we're dealing with. We're a young team.
"I saw some improvement and liked how they fought back at the end."
The Indians (5-7) managed a pair of goals near the end of the second half, those coming from Brandon McCumbee with 11:56 left and Zach Wise on a direct kick a few minutes later.
Jefferson limited Wise's opportunities as he finished with just a few shots. He did manage his 132nd career goal.
"Zach can be a dominating player if you try to mark him with one guy," Slacker said. "You have to play strong team defense on him. If he gets a couple goals in the first half, it's a whole different game."
"(Zach) had some opportunities, but he's been marked heavily every game," Carl Wise said.
The Indians are hoping to get some experience out of playing the local Class AAA schools.
"Our goal is to improve our performance for our sectional games. Hopefully, playing the bigger schools around the area can help with that," Carl Wise said.


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Greens rotating the crop
Harry McGee
If John Gormley stands down as Minister for the Environment and as party leader to honour a rotation agreement brokered two years ago, it's not going to do the Greens much good.
In fairness to Ciaran Cuffe, he's very knowledgable and very well briefed, knows climate change inside out, and is also authoritative on justice and environment.
There are some suggestions that the 2007 deal would see him taking on both the leadership of the part and the senior ministry. Whatever about his claims to a ministry, becoming leader is a different matter. Gormley has proved himself adept but it has taken him some time. We would only know if Cuffe had the wherewithal once he was in position. And that, to my mind, is a gamble.
If Gormley remained as leader, leading the party from the backbenches would also be a problem. There is a likelihood that he would be shorn of all authority with commentators and others looking to one of the Ministers to provide authority.
Perhaps, if the party scored a super junior job for Gormley that would allow him to remain in Cabinet, that might work for everybody. I'd be surprised to see Cowen concede that to the Greens, given that they were instrumental in dropping the number of juniors from 20 to 13. Besides the loose arrangement over a junior was a Bertie deal. Cowen has all but disowned it, according to those privvy to past discussions on this.
A lot of things sounded good when the Greens were going into Government in 2007. The Greens in Germany had done something similar, putting its policies about personality. But Ireland is smaller, more intimate, than Germany. Personality matters more here, for better or for worse. The Greens tried for years to be a political party without a leader. It didn't work, paving the way for Trevor Sargent to become its first leader. Similarly, a backbench leader or a new unproven leader will not work.
The party will also have to counter negative publicity about 'jobs for the boys'.
Arguably, it hasn't worked for Sinn Fein in the South either. Gerry Adams isn't really the leader for the South. Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin is its Dáil leader but isn't a figurehead. Its chosen leader for the South, Mary Lou McDonald has no mandate at present. Hence, the trouble it has.
My own guess. Gormley will step in and say there is no deal. The rotation agreement will be allowed to rotate itself out.


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HUNTSVILLE, AL -- The University of Alabama in Huntsville is getting a $486,500 federal grant for its continuing research into transportation issues related to economic growth.
"Growth in freight transportation will continue to strain the already congested roadways within the United States, and this could very well result in slower economic development in the nation's long-term future," said Caron St. John, dean of the College of Business Administration, in a release.
Research at UAH, she said, has positioned it to become "a national leader in the analysis of freight data and development of tools to model freight transportation, providing a value to transportation planners and state departments of transportation that does not currently exist."
The grant was awarded by the U.S. Department of Transportation's Federal Transit Administration.
"This grant will allow us to continue to develop tools for local transportation planners and to enhance UAH's integrated freight planning framework and apply it to specific projects," said Dr. Greg Harris, director of the Office for Freight, Logistics & Transportation at UAH's Center for Management and Economic Research. CMER is a research unit in the College of Business Administration.
"The things we're doing and approaches we're taking have national applications," said Harris, the principal investigator on the grant.
One project under the grant, Harris said, involves identifying communities that have tried to combine freight and passenger transportation on the same rail lines and finding out why those efforts succeeded or failed.
"We will work with the Huntsville-Madison County Railroad Authority to look at (multi-use rail) opportunities for them," Harris said.
The authority operates about 13 miles of track between Hobbs Island Road and Holmes Avenue in downtown Huntsville.
Some short-line railroads, Harris said, are "dying on the vine" because they have a limited number of customers for freight transportation. "There may be ways to enhance the revenue" of these railroads and provide additional services, he said.
Other projects under the grant include analyzing freight flows within a metropolitan planning organization and developing data to provide freight information needed for transportation models at the local level.


text:
Thanks to Josh Orman, owner of Clavey Vineyards Tasting Room on Commercial Street in Nevada City for hosting "A return of Jimmy Jett & The Rocking Bombers" March 28.
Thanks to the band members — Rhone Scoggins, Rob Holland, Jimmy Jett, and Bob Mora — and all are fans that attended for a great night of fun and music. Thanks also to Larry for his hospitality and the pouring of some fine wine.
Bob Mora
Rough and Ready


text:
Tussey Mountain High School senior running back Mitchell Corbin doesn't have to reach very far for inspiration when he suits up and takes the football field on Friday nights.
He has that inspiration within his mind, heart and soul.
Corbin was a seventh-grader five years ago in 2007 when his older brother, Zach, died tragically from injuries he sustained in an automobile accident. Zach Corbin was just 16.
Article Photos
"His memory is always in my head,'' Mitchell Corbin said. "He was a very big influence on me when it came to sports. I learned the importance of working hard to achieve things in sports. He was always busting his butt. I'll probably dedicate my season to him this year.''
Mitchell Corbin will be a four-year starter at running back who will also line up at defensive back for the Titans this season. Mitchell Corbin averaged a whopping 6.1 yards per carry last season, gaining 398 yards on 65 rushes and scoring four of his six touchdowns on the ground.
"Mitchell is a very athletic kid with a lot of speed and good vision, too,'' said Tussey coach Josh Smith. "That makes him an explosive runner for us.''
As a former assistant coach and now head coach at Tussey, Smith has had the pleasure of coaching Mitchell Corbin and his two older brothers, Zach and Josh.
"All three brothers have been very athletic and they all loved to play the game,'' Smith said.
Smith knows that Mitchell Corbin draws strength from the memory of his brother, Zach.
"I know that he looked up to his brother,'' Smith said. "Mitchell has dedicated seasons to his brother's memory.''
Mitchell Corbin has done Zach Corbin proud.
"Mitchell is a leader by example who works very hard,'' Smith said. "I know he's excited for the season to get here. He's excited to do well, and he's excited for the team to do well.''
Indeed, Mitchell Corbin believes that good things are ahead for Tussey this football season.
"Most of our starters are back, and we look good,'' he said. "I'm ready for this season.''


text:
Nov 29, 2012
In an industry that is still heavily dominated by men, its always a little disheartening to see a high-ranking female executive leave a position. But such is the case for Portland Trailblazers Executive VP and COO Sarah Mensah.
Mensah, who had been with the Blazers for the last 19 years, recently tendered her resignation, according to the Portland Business Journal.
While it hasn't been mentioned, one has to wonder if Mensah's being passed over for the Blazer's president job last summer, even after she was endorsed by outgoing president Larry Miller, played any part in her decision to now resign. Mensah was well liked in the community, becoming well-known for her work with autism groups in the Portland area — her son also has autism, and she was even highly praised by current Blazers president Chris McGowan,
"Sarah's vision, creativity and steadfast determination were essential components of an outstanding career with the Trail Blazers," McGowan said in a statement. "Her impact on our organization was profound. The Portland Trail Blazers are grateful for her service and commitment to excellence for 19 years." (via PBJ)
The Blazers have now seen three prominent executives leave their ranks in the past five months, including Mensah, the aforementioned Miller, and former legal head Mike Fennell.


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Syracuse, N.Y. -- Fifteen months from this very day, you may well be reading about an historic sporting event that promises to be long on pomp, not the least bit short on circumstance . . . and absolutely lacking a legitimate reason for being.
We're talking about the proposed first-ever Yankee Bowl, tentatively scheduled for Dec. 29, 2010. And, yes, if certified by the NCAA -- and when was the last time the NCAA failed to certify a bowl game? -- the affair will be played in Yankee Stadium, the billion-dollar sandbox in which George Steinbrenner's multi-million-dollar ballplayers romp.
If you're scoring at home, that would be a 35th postseason bowl game, featuring two more of 70 -- s-e-v-e-n-t-y! -- supposedly-deserving Division I-A teams.
In the Bronx.
Four days after Christmas.
I'd like to get excited . . . but, um, I'm due back on the planet Earth.
Please. A 35th bowl game is a stupid enough idea all by itself. But to hold it in New York in late December with, oh, Florida open for business? This is crazier than chocolate syrup on a pepperoni pizza. And guess what? We here in Central New York may yet be intimately involved because this monstrosity -- this monstrosity that will feature mediocrities -- seeks to pit the No. 4 team from the Big East Conference against the No. 7 club from the Big 12 Conference.
As Doug Marrone's Orange may sooner than you think be creeping near that four-hole in the Big East, the Yankee Bowl has, unfortunately, SU written all over it.
Now, if Syracuse could somehow step in against Jeter and A-Rod and Teixeira . . . well, OK. But the Iowa State Cyclones or some such? Such a thought blows no wind up my skivvies. And yet, some day we just might get such a matchup. Right down there in the big city . . . around the holidays . . . with everybody talking about Eli and the Giants or Sanchez and the Jets.
Oh, yes. And with the wind likely blowing and with the sleet perhaps falling and with everybody's feet having grown colder than frozen hams.
Ladies and gentlemen . . . give it up for your Yankee Bowl.
(Bud Poliquin's freshly-written on-line commentaries, his column and his "To The Point" observations appear virtually every day on syracuse.com. Additionally, his work can be regularly found on the pages of The Post-Standard newspaper. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com.)


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Losses are never easy to swallow, but a loss like the one the Pittsburgh Steelers had at the hands of the Tennessee Titans this week was a particularly bitter pill.
Across the board, there were few aspects of this game to get excited about. The execution was flawed, and the effort negligible with respect to virtually every unit.
Injuries also played a significant role in Sunday's woes and should prove significant beyond this loss. Regardless of the reasons, it's time to hand out some grades for the Steelers after Week 1.
Unless specified elsewhere, all statistics provided are courtesy of NFL.com


text:
One of six righteous dudes, namely Sas-Sas, Steef, Austy, Damizzle, Shan-Shan and Wo, who live by a code of honor forged in brotherhood, sacrifice and wild-ass partying.
There go those crazy Brohams, I wish we were as cool as them.
מאת anonymous Broham 9 בינואר, 2008
A common urban mispronunciation of the word 'brougham' which is a variation of certain american made cars made in the 70s and 80s with a soft top that are not convertables.
Hey, Look at that cadillac with the Broham top.
מאת erinball 13 בפברואר, 2005
a really cool fool, a chill ass mofo
thats my broham over there in the maybach with 19 sluts in the back, he rolls real deep, nah mean...
מאת Ja Reu 17 בפברואר, 2004
a faggot-ass wannabe cool guy who probably lives in a yuppie suburb.
"hey, what's up broham. check out my cool shirt broham. wanna go for a ride in my lame H3 broham?"
מאת jibo 3 במאי, 2006
a girl calls a guy broham if she knows him pretty well and she likes him a lot but he doesnt know it, but a girl uses it to say a girl is really cool and theyre tight
yea, broham is coming over tonight, but we're just studying, unfortunately!
מאת la larajah 22 בדצמבר, 2003
Slang for a can or bottle of beer.
Hey Paul, toss me another broham while you're up!
You up for some brohams after work?
You up for some brohams after work?
מאת Joseph Schafer 21 בדצמבר, 2006


text:
Vonage Box™ (VDV22/VDV23) Advanced Options
Changing settings and configuration options for most Vonage telephone adapters is not required for general use of your phone service. However, if you are an advanced user, you can optionally configure some features of the Vonage Box™ through a web-based user interface as introduced here.
Open Web-Based User Interface
To access the web-based user interface:
- Open an internet browser on the computer that is connected directly to the Ethernet port on the Vonage Box™ telephone adapter.
- Enter 192.168.15.1 or V-Configure in the address bar of your browser.
- Enter User Name and Password, which by default is router for both.
- Click Go and choose the option that you want to apply or to learn more, click Help.
- Basic Setup
Set your Internet connection type, configure Local Area Network, change default password and save or import configurations.
- Advanced Setup
Set up port options, filtering, parental controls, network options, event logs and more. You can also reset the device to factory settings.
- Help
Provides a glossary of terms, answers to frequently asked questions, tips and troubleshooting and more.
- Basic Setup
The Status bar is displayed in the upper right corner of each page of the web interface. Click Status to see a summary of your router and configuration setup. The status updates every 5 minutes, but you can click Refresh to update status on deman.
Apply Basic Settings
- Sign in to the web interface for the Vonage Box™.
- Click Basic Setup and choose from the following options:
- Connect to Internet
Specifies your Internet connection type: DHCP (default), Static IP or PPPoE.
- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is the default connection type and it is used by most cable providers. With DHCP, a dynamic IP Address is assigned to you by your cable service provider and no further configuration is needed.
- Static IP Address is used by some cable provider. In this instance, a static (non-changing) IP Address is assigned and you must update this setting to provide the IP address, subnet mask, default gateway and one or more DNS addresses.
- Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) is used by all DSL modems that do not have a built-in router or by DSL providers who require that you enter a username and password to sign in to your DSL connection.
- Local Network Setup
Configure your Local Area Network (LAN).
- Password
Change the default password. You cannot retrieve a forgotten password, but instead, a hard reset of the phone adapter would be required. This additionally resets values you defined.
- Save & Import Configuration
Save a configuration as a backup or import a previously saved configuration.
- Connect to Internet
- Follow instructions to apply your setting.
Apply Advanced Settings
- Sign in to the web interface for the Vonage Box™.
- Click Advanced Setup and choose the option you want to set.
- Port Settings
Set up port forwarding, port filtering and DMZ Host.
- Ethernet Options
Register a MAC address if required by your ISP using MAC cloning or MAC spoofing.
- Filtering
Set up filters to block specific users on your LAN from accessing the Internet and/or block Internet traffic from accessing your network. IP Filtering, MAC Filtering, Port Filtering and Web Content Filtering are supported.
- Parental Controls
Set controls that restrict access to Internet based on web site content.
NOTE: Customers with the broadband modem BT Homehub 4 and 5 may experience problems using Vonage service. Turn off parental controls and wait 2 hours before rebooting your Vonage device. Report any problems to your internet service provider.
- Network Options
Adjust how your network equipment routes IP traffic to and from the Internet.
- Firewall Logs
Set up event logs and receive reports by e-mail alerts, including local views of attacks on the system.
- Factory Defaults
Reset the Vonage Box™ phone adapter to its default values. A reset clears all configuration settings on the adapter, so it is recommended that you save your configuration before resetting.
- QoS
Allows you maintain Quality of Service (QoS) by enabling you to prioritize your network traffic so that what you deem as most important passes first. Vonage always assign the highest priority to voice traffic.
- Port Settings
- Follow instructions to apply your setting.
Get Help
- Sign in to the web interface for the Vonage Box™.
- Click Help and choose the information you want to view.
- Glossary
Lists and defines terms used within your network environment.
- FAQs
Provides answers to frequently asked questions.
- Tips and Troubleshooting
Offers solutions for the top error conditions and provides troubleshooting tips.
- Contact Information
Enables you to sign into your Online Account or use this Support site to contact a Vonage representative.
- Glossary


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Ranked among the nation's most integrated healthcare systems, Community Health Network is Central Indiana's leader in providing convenient access to exceptional healthcare services, where and when patients need them—in hospitals, health pavilions, workplaces, schools and homes.
(HealthDay News) -- The right diet can help improve eye health and ward off eye problems.
The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics mentions these foods that can help promote healthier eyes:
-- Diana Kohnle
Health News Copyright © 2013 HealthDay. All rights reserved.
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The Minnesota Vikings knew they were heading into the offseason with many questions on their roster. As free agency neared this week, some of those questions marks became huge holes that need emergency fillings as the team traded away their best receiver, cut their best cornerback, and still have questions at linebacker, defensive tackle, and more.
One area that flew under the radar until this week, however, was addressing the lack of "Wives and Girlfriends", or WAGs, of players on the team. Obviously as a top priority, this deficiency was addressed late Thursday when the Vikings announced that they had signed Lauren Killian, former Kansas City Chief's starting quarterback Matt Cassel's wife, to a short term deal to bring her talents and attractive face to the Twin Cities.
It ends up being a great deal for the Vikings, and Lauren Killian appeared to be a highly sought after talent during this free agency period. As a former University of Southern California volleyball player, she's clearly athletic and takes great care of her body, leaving her in fantastic shape and spirits. She makes a fine addition to other team WAGs including Adrian Peterson's girlfriend Ashley Brown, top-notch talent in Samantha Ponder, MILF of the NFC North Cheryl Kalil, and of course Chris Kluwe's wife. Lauren will join this group naturally, and should be a natural fit according to our inside sources.
Said one higher level decision maker in the organization to Purple Jesus Diaries, "Lauren Killian just brings so much diversity to this team now. In a state dominated by Scandinavian ancestry, bringing in someone with beautiful, thick brunette hair and a Californian flair just makes a world of difference. Her smile is electric, and she's extremely amiable. We're so lucky to have her joining this organization and are excited about her future here.
"She's also bringing her husband, quarterback Matt Cassel with her, and so we're going to try to find a role for him in the organization as well."
So welcome Lauren and her husband Matt to Minnesota. It should be an exciting time with her around, and I'm sure both staff within the Vikings organization and the fans will learn much from her.


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project management software
Which type of software helps managers with tasks such as scheduling charts?
Software that is distributed for free, but often with the condition that you pay for it if you like and intend to use it, is called ________.
speech recognition software
Which type of software lets you dictate letters, e-mails, and voice commands?
In a spreadsheet, equations you build yourself using values and cell references are called ________.


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Contact Us
Cyberinfrastructure (CI)
Director: Bryan Shader | webpage | firstname.lastname@example.com
A robust community of computational researchers
UW's Academic Plans have and continue to target computational science as a focus area, which has resulted in the hiring of over 30 faculty whose research is highly computational in nature.
- Excellent connectivity
NCAR-Wyoming Supercomputer Center
UW is one of the founding members of the Front Range Gigapop (FRGP), which currently provides 10Gb/sec bandwidth connectivity between UW and other Colorado universities and institutes including NCAR, and provides an excellent gateway to the XSEDE resources. An additional 10 Gb/sec connection runs between UW and the NCAR-Wyoming Supercomputing Center (NWSC) and connects to the Bison Loop of the FRGP.
- Significant Allocations on a Tier 1 Supercomputer
The NCAR-Wyoming Supercomputing Center (NWSC) is a petascale, supercomputing center designed to maximize data-intensive science that opened in October 2012. The Wyoming legislature's $40M investment in the NCAR-Wyoming Supercomputer Center (NWSC) provides UW Earth, Atmospheric Science researchers with a 20% allocation of the NWSC resource for the next 20 years. For more information about allocations for Wyoming researchers can be found at http://www.uwyo.edu/nwsc.
- A new campus IT facility
UW recently opened its new $34M IT facility, which houses a state-of-the-art student computing lab and a $6M, 6,000 ft2 data center with Tier II+ redundancy.
- A UW Research Computer
3-D Visualization Center
The University of Wyoming has recently developed a comprehensive cyberinfrastructure plan that includes strategic, sustained investments (of at least $1 million/year) in the networking, hardware, and personnel to support computationally enabled research. Mt. Moran (an approximately 90 TFLOPS high performance cluster for modeling, data analysis and data-mover nodes, a shared pool of 350TB of network attached high performance disks) was installed in November 2013. The system leverages existing resources and allow faculty to use research funds to add capacity or capabilities. This campus research computer is available to all faculty and research groups across campus, and currently has over 150 users. More information about Mt. Moran is available here.
- Research IT Support
A cadre of IT specialists designed to enable faculty and student research is being developed through consolidation, re-organization, and new positions (including a storage expert and applications specialists). Currently there are 3 specialists with plans to hire two more in Fall 2013.
- A state-of-the-art Visualization Center
UW's Energy Innovation Center, opened in June 2013, and houses the Shell Visualization Center, a state-of-the-art visualization center that will enable data-intensive science, and engineering research by transforming massive data sets into representations and patterns that people can work with. This center will provide UW researchers with a broad range of visualization technologies ranging from desktop visualization software to an immersive 10' by 10' by 10' cave for 3D, interactive visualizations. The Visualization Center will be completely integrated with three targeted support staff fully integrated into IT. The vendor, Mechdyne, is partnering with UW to use this visualization center and UW expertise to develop and test new visualization technologies and software.


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Nothing like traveling clear to the other side of our planet to make a fella realize just how impressive good ol' Yankee ingenuity can be.
Take the case of Olympic slopestyle bronze medalist Nick Goepper.
The 19-year-old didn't let the inconvenient fact that he lived in the very non-alpine setting of Lawrenceburg, Ind., prevent him from chasing his dream of becoming one of the world's top slopestyle skiers.
Instead, he rolled with it like it was nobody's business.
"Indiana is the skiing capital of the world," he says with a laugh. "We get an annual snowfall of about four inches a year. But I found a way to ski on AstroTurf and PVC pipe in my backyard. My dad and I would run around to construction sites in our town and get their scraps.
"I laid a 50-foot roll down on this little hill in our backyard and sprayed water and dish soap on it," Goepper says. "I'd slide down it, pop up on the rail made from the PVC pipe, spin around on it, jump off and land. I'd spend hours out there every day, mostly by myself, just practicing and practicing."
Kinda paid off, I'd say.
Tune into NBC tonight for more Olympic action, and check back with PEOPLE.com throughout the day for spoiler-free coverage and more of Johnny's dispatches from the Games.
Call me weird, but I never get tired of fondling these things! (That's #TeamUSA's Nick Goepper's bronze medal, btw.) pic.twitter.com/jNORdhbQnC— Johnny Dodd (@Johnny_Dodd) February 14, 2014


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For example, our Jan. 6-10 family cruise on Carnival Elation was supposed to be scheduled so that it coincided with my brother's graduation from college, which was the reason to take this celebratory cruise. However, no one in my (cough, cheap, cough) family could stomach paying more than double for a cruise just because it happened to set sail in May, when my brother actually graduates. Instead, we chose to cruise during his Christmas break in January, for half the price ($230 per person).
Cast of characters for this cruise included my mom, dad, husband, brother and myself. This was my parents' and brother's first cruise, and the fourth cruise for my husband and me. We all live 20 minutes from the cruise terminal in Mobile, and my dad actually works at the cruise terminal for the Department of Homeland Security, so we were very familiar with Mobile and the terminal.
We arrived at the terminal around 11 a.m. Thursday and boarded the ship before noon. We had VIP status thanks to my dad's job, but the regular line seemed to be moving pretty fast. We ate lunch in the Lido, cabins were open at exactly 1:30, and our bags were in our cabins by dinnertime.
To make this review more readable, I'll break it down by categories:
Brother, husband and I ate most of our meals in the dining rooms. Service was good (other than two instances when the server brought the wrong dish). Our dinner servers, Andre and Prasong, were great. They were friendly and Prasong especially seemed to enjoy chatting with us.
Food in the dining room was good. I would like to see more selection at breakfast (I am spoiled from cruising with Holland America, where there were tons of breakfast entrees to choose from). Food at lunch and dinner was good -- not fantastic gourmet dishes, but tasty and nicely presented. Same quality as you would see at an American chain restaurant like Red Lobster, Ruby Tuesday or Olive Garden.
My parents ate most of their meals in Lido, because they are less adventurous eaters and like to see their food before it is served to them. The buffet suited them fine, and they seemed to especially like the salad bar, ice cream machines and daily specials from Jamaica, France, etc. Mama really liked the Mongolian Grill, where you could create your own stir fry.
We all ordered room service at some point or another during the cruise and were satisfied with service and food.
We reserved three cabins with large windows - one for my parents, one for my brother and one for my husband and me. The cabins were on Riviera deck, with a few cabins in between us so we weren't on top of one another constantly. The cabins were a decent size and as long as we stayed out of them, they were cleaned in the morning and at night. Closet space was very good, bathroom size was satisfactory and everything was pretty clean. The in-cabin TVs were huge and old but got a good selection of channels.
Like I noted before, I am a bit spoiled after we cruised Holland America, but I do have to note that the toiletries provided were sort of skimpy ... no moisturizer, no conditioner, etc. Next time I will remember to pack my own.
For the price of $230 per person, the cabins met all our expectations.
We enjoyed the show "Just Rock," which is apparently new to the Elation. The show "Win" was cancelled due to rough seas. We enjoyed the comedians and attended two family-friendly comedy shows (fairly entertaining) and one adult comedy show (funny but didn't have to drop the F-bomb quite so often).
Husband attended the art auction to get a free glass of bubbly and was pretty surprised at how ugly the art was. Most of it looked like something you'd find at Old Time Pottery (a low-budget home decorating store).
Husband, brother and I attended the gender showdown, which was amusing. We also attended group trivia (lame questions that few people could answer) and the genius test (decent).
We enjoyed the live country musician who played guitar in the Drama Bar. He was good!
We also enjoyed the walking track on top of the ship (11 laps makes a mile ... which I found out the hard way). Mini golf is also in this area and looked like fun, but we never found time to play. We did play ping-pong, which was fun.
There were several football bowl games going on during our cruise and fans crowded around the big-screen TV outside Cole Porter lounge. I don't watch football but was glad they were able to ... until our dinner in Inspiration dining room was interrupted several times by really loud cheering and screaming. (TV area was right near dining room). I think the maitre d tried to quiet the fans down ... he and the servers seemed annoyed by the loud interruptions.
The ship's decor leaves something to be desired ... or again, maybe I'm just spoiled from Holland America. Mama said she thought the Elation looked like a giant casino. It was very clean, though, and well-kept. We loved the adults-only Serenity Deck
with its comfortable loungers and amazing views. I tried out the slide and Lido pool and both were fun. With the weather being cold, lots of people were packed into the hot tubs.
Didn't check out the gym or spa but my parents said both areas were nicely appointed.
Had fun riding the Atrium's glass elevator. Cole Porter and Mikado lounges were both comfortable and nice.
This cruise only had one port stop, Cozumel. I love to snorkel in Coz but my family wanted to spend the day shopping. We departed the ship at 9 a.m. and took a taxi van downtown ($16), where we did a lot of walking and visited one really great store, Viva Mexico. Prices were fixed and no haggling was allowed. There was a lot of beautiful and well-priced pottery and art pieces, plus typical tourist souvenirs. We also visited some other shops where haggling was welcome. I had fun shopping in these stores, especially since I was able to converse with storekeepers in Spanish, but my more traditional parents were uncomfortable. However, this was their first time out of the U.S., so I could see why they felt out of place.
Even in January, the temps were in the low 80s and the water was gorgeous in Coz. Took a taxi van back to the Puerta Maya pier ($11, since we walked part way back to the pier) and had a few drinks while lounging on the mini-beach at the pier. A lovely day! Next time, though, I will go snorkeling!
Since husband and I didn't schedule an official shore excursion in Coz, we spent $55 each and signed on for Carnival's Behind the Fun tour. It was awesome! The tour lasted over 3 hours and we took an all-access, behind the scenes tour of the kitchen, dishwashing area, dining rooms, laundry, bridge, engineering area, storage areas, prep kitchen, crew dining rooms, Mikado Lounge stage area, costume storage, dressing rooms, crew bar and lots more. We spent a lot of time talking to the captain and others employed on the ship, and learned more about the crew and ship than we could ever fathom. We were able to ask any question about anything, and it was answered honestly.
Want to know what exists on decks 2 and 3? Take this tour. It was amazing. Special little bonuses included a free treats send to your cabin from the chef, Carnival hat, Carnival lanyard and free photos of the group with the captain. Definitely worth every penny of the $55 per person.
Travel back to port was rough but manageable. We didn't get seasick, but others did. There was some complaining from other passengers but the seas were pretty tame compared to some we've encountered on other cruises.
We arrived in Mobile and docked at 6:15 a.m. We were enjoying breakfast in Imagination dining room when Riviera deck self-assist group was called at 7:15. We were through customs and waiting for our rides by 7:40. After picking up our pets at the vet, I was back at work by 9:30! By 10:30, I was wishing I was back in Coz! LOL :)
Carnival, please rein in your photographers. We finally started saying "no thank you" after the third night that they tried to take our photos during dinner. We also said "no thank you" to the photo paparazzi who hounded us as we stepped off the ship in Coz.
Dining room hostess, if we ask for a table by ourselves at breakfast or lunch, please comply if at all possible. It's really awkward to get seated at a large table and be immediately joined by a bunch of other people, and then try to explain that we wanted to sit by ourselves, without offending the other diners. Fortunately, most of those who we ate with were pleasant ... but we were trying to have "family time." Fortunately we enjoyed a wonderful table by ourselves at dinner each night! Nothing against making friends with other cruisers, which we often do, but sometimes you just want to be with your own kin.
In summary, I would say this is a great cruise to take if you are looking for a bargain and don't mind cruising with a variety of passengers, from rednecks to SEC fans to redneck SEC fans. As a country person from Alabama whose family roots for SEC teams I am allowed to say this :)
It was a nice short trip and a good introduction to the world of cruising for my brother and parents. No doubt we'll do it again, because all in all, it was a good time.
We also visited some other shops where haggling was welcome. I had fun shopping in these stores, especially since I was able to converse with storekeepers in Spanish, but my more traditional parents were uncomfortable. However, this was their first time out of the U.S., so I could see why they felt out of place.
Even in January, the temps were in the low 80s and the water was gorgeous in Coz. Took a taxi van back to the Puerta Maya pier ($11, since we walked part way back to the pier) and had a few drinks while lounging on the mini-beach at the pier. A lovely day! Next time, though, I will go snorkeling!


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Modern Family's Jesse Tyler Ferguson and boyfriend Justin Mikita took in a performance of The Beatles LOVE by Cirque du Soleil at The Mirage in Las Vegas on Saturday night.
Accompanied by a small group of friends, the couple attended LOVE as part of a birthday celebration for Mikita.
"They kept it low-key by ordering a few Fiji waters to sip on during the show," a source tells PEOPLE.
Afterwards, Ferguson, Mikita and their friends went backstage to meet the cast and crew.
It's all part of Mikita's "birthday week" celebration, as Ferguson Tweeted, sharing a photo of his beau with a festive birthday treat.
– Mark Gray
Spot a celebrity? Tweet us your sighting— People magazine (@peoplemag) August 7, 2012
@peoplemag with #CITA and it could appear on PEOPLE.com!


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In our last article, we began by discussing the various types of tests and what they each encompassed.
We also discussed the importance of having a strategy for test taking, as well as the "art" of learning to feel comfortable with the test format. I would now like to switch my focus and spend some time on the actual testing techniques.
We have all fell victim to the test that contains a wide variety of question types and we also have fell victim to a test that contains poorly written questions.
When this occurs, there is only one thing that a student can do. The first thing is you cannot panic. When we panic, our cerebral focus becomes scrambled and all of what we studied the weeks before is lost in our mind. A focused and confident mind will find success quicker than a mindful of content that is "foggy."
Test questions may range from true or false, multiple choice, matching, essay, fill-in-the-blank or short answer. We must be methodical in how we approach each type of test question. I will focus this article specifically on multiple choice test questions.
Please keep in mind that I am writing this article based- on the student who has prepared adequately for their upcoming test.
Now let's begin with the strategies. The first major item for test-taking success is to not arrive for the test early.
I am not saying to be late, but try to be just right on time. The reasoning is because when one arrives early for their test, they begin to feed into all the chatter among their classmates.
The other students will be discussing the content and what they think are right and wrong answers. This is a recipe for disaster. What the other students think is right may just be wrong. The problem is that you begin to second-guess yourself and your confidence level drops.
You should begin by working your way down through the test in order. One should not spend more than 45 seconds on a single multiple choice question before moving to the next.
The first and foremost item is to read the question in its entirety. Too many times, students will misread the question, which, in turn, will send them looking for answers in the wrong content area.
Most test questions will contain five choices for answers. Start by eliminating the ones that are most obviously wrong by drawing a line through them. Then start to circle the choices that you feel maybe correct. This is a simple process of elimination.
If you find that you have been on the question for more than 45 seconds it is time to place a marker beside the questions number and move to the next.
Remember that the brain requires a high level of glucose to function well, so don't use all of it on a single question. This process should continue on through the entire set of multiple choice questions.
Upon completion of the test you will circle back around to the take another "stab" at the question. Another important item is for the student to use the other questions on the test for clues and hints.
Many times the other questions will contain vital information that could help answer other questions. This is a matter of using all possible resources.
As you can see, a plan of attack or well-developed strategy can make all the difference when testing. You should not get frustrated, as these tips can take time to master.
A good place to start mastering these tips is to take practice testa. A practice test can be of great value and give you some confidence. Get practicing and good luck!
The next article will focus on essay writing.
Cordell is the owner of Excell Tutoring Services, 346 Broad St., Montoursville. He may be reached at 506-9998.


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Emily Anderson
Emily Anderson is Vice President of the Board and Chair of the Ownership Committee, serving her second term (ends 2018). She works as a development consultant with nonprofits and cooperatives. She has a B.A. from St. Olaf College, and has pursued further education in Spanish and Dakota languages, small business and nonprofit management at the University of St. Thomas, and American Indian Studies at the University of Minnesota.
Her cooperative business experience includes thirteen years in purchasing, sales and marketing for Cheese Rustlers and Roots and Fruits Cooperative Produce, both worker-owned cooperatives and wholesale suppliers to retail grocery co-ops in Minnesota and the surrounding region. Working for Northcountry Cooperative Development Fund (NCDF) Emily established development services for consumer-owned groceries and other expanding cooperatives. She has provided training and consultation for cooperative business owners, managers, and boards of directors throughout the Midwest. She has also worked in corporate and foundation relations, fundraising for or nonprofit organizations, including MacPhail Center for Music, Tree Trust, and Courage Center (now Courage Kenny Institute).
Emily enjoys reading, gardening, walking and time with family, including grandsons, Joey and Toby, and cat, Kuni.
Philip Bradley
Philip Bradley is in his third term (ends 2016) and serves on the Finance Committee. Now retired, he finds his former business marketing career very helpful in his role on the Board. He has a B.A. and M.B.A. from Harvard University, and an M.L.S. from the University of Minnesota.
Philip's enthusiasm for good food brought him to the Wedge, but over the last few years he has become interested in helping new and small food co-ops grow. He and board members from other Twin Cities food co-ops helped start the Minnesota Food Co-op Board group, whose mission is fellowship, mentoring, and education for board members from all 42 Minnesota food co-ops.
Philip and his wife Jan enjoy being with their extended family and grandchildren. At home, they are often involved in house renovation or gardening projects.
Mike Dooley
Mike Dooley is Secretary-Treasurer and Chair of the Finance Committee and is in his third term (ends in 2018). Mike has extensive experience in the food service industry and worked as a Certified Public Accountant for several years. He is a native Minneapolitan and graduated from the Carlson School at the University of Minnesota with a B.S.B. in Accounting. Mike brings his extensive experience in the financial and business management sectors to the Wedge and believes that the Wedge Co-op will continue its success by adhering to the co-op principles which guide its business model.
Mike resides in the Kingfield neighborhood with his family and spends most of his time in and around south Minneapolis. In addition to serving on the Wedge board, he owns The Craftsman Restaurant, and was previously the Director of Accounting at St. Joan of Arc parish, and serves on the board of directors of RS Eden. His interests include spending time with his children, attending their extracurricular activities, and traveling whenever possible.
Sara Gurwitch
Sara Gurwitch is in her first term (ends 2017), and serves on the Finance and WedgeShare Committees. She is a long-time public defender, working at Office of the Appellate Defender, where she is a Supervising Attorney and member of the management team. She has worked with a broad range of non-profit organizations, both as a staff person and volunteer, including The Children's Storefront, a private, tuition-free elementary school in Harlem, and The Advocates for Human Rights, in Minneapolis.
Sara received a B.A. in Political Science from Barnard College, Columbia University, and a J.D. from University of Minnesota. She is an avid cook, with a special focus on organic and local foods. Sara and her husband, Horacio, a photographer and filmmaker, live in Minneapolis with their son, a student at Whittier International Elementary School, where Sara is an active volunteer.
Marjorie Hegstrom
Marjorie Hegstrom is currently the Board President and in her second term (ends 2016). She is honored to use her extensive sustainable agriculture experience to build a stronger and more just food system through the Wedge and our long history of supporting our community of farmers and eaters.
Marjorie created her own major in Sustainable Agriculture (B.A. 1999, Kenyon College) combining her farm-family background with her commitment to environmental issues. She earned an M.S. in Horticulture from the University of MN in 2004, working with local farmers to study the impacts of sustainable farming practices on strawberry production. Her professional background includes positions in commercial farming, farm/agricultural education, farm marketing and outreach and farmers markets. Marjorie is currently an independent consultant working for various food and agriculture projects in the Twin Cities.
Marjorie enjoys all things food, including gardening, farmers market shopping, cooking and eating, as well as camping, biking and snowshoeing.
Jack Stanton
Jack remembers shopping (and occasionally cutting cheese) at the Wedge when it first opened on Franklin Avenue in 1974. He is now in his second tour of duty on the Board, having served from 2004 to 2008. Jack serves on the Ownership and Nominations Committee as he continues in his second year of his new term (ends 2017).
Jack began his professional career as a journalist and has worked in the agency business in creative, strategy and management positions for more than 30 years. In his current daytime role he's a director of brand strategy at Carmichael Lynch and its sister agency Spong, a national advertising and public relations firm based in Minneapolis. Over the years he has served on boards or in advisory positions for the Fringe Festival, North Star Council and the Twin Cities Peace and Justice Coalition.
He enjoys playing and watching all sports, music, reading, the visual arts and, probably most of all, great meals and conversation with friends and family. Only a lack of talent prevented him from becoming a professional baseball player.
Dale Wiehoff
Dale Wiehoff serves on the Ownership and WedgeShare Committees and is in his second term (ends 2016).
For the past 20 years, Dale has worked at the Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, where he is in charge of Communications and IT. He has served on many cooperative and nonprofit boards, including a cooperative dental clinic, the Connorsville Co-op Grocery, the Progressive Technology Project, Peace Coffee and the Working Families Organization. He also served as founding Executive Director of the National Lawyers Guild Foundation.
Dale has a strong commitment to the development of social capital and supporting family farm agriculture. In the 1970s he was the owner-operator of a 240-acre farm in western Wisconsin, milking cows, raising sheep and keeping bees. His special interests include gardening, beekeeping, and cooking dinner, drinking lots of strong Peace Coffee every morning while reading the newspaper, and keeping up with his kids' lives.