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Martin St. Louis scored at 6:02 of overtime to move the New York Rangers within one win of their first Stanley Cup final in 20 years with a 3-2 victory over the Montreal Canadiens on Sunday. Game 5 is Tuesday night in Montreal, with the Rangers looking to put the Canadiens to the sword for a third straight game at the Bell Centre. The victory, which gave the Rangers a 3-1 lead in the Eastern Conference final, marked the first time the home side had won in the series. The win also came 20 years to the day that the Rangers defeated New Jersey 4-2 in Game 6 of the Eastern final. New York captain Mark Messier, who had guaranteed the win, scored a natural hat trick that night. The Rangers went on to beat Vancouver for the Cup. Goalie Mike Richter and five other members of that championship team were in the stands Sunday. Benoit Pouliot was penalized 30 seconds into OT for holding the stick but the Rangers killed it off. Henrik Lundqvist had to be sharp as the Habs threw pucks at the net. But the Rangers steadied the ship and St. Louis, who had been buzzing all night, snapped home a shot from the faceoff circle that beat Dustin Tokarski. Carl Hagelin and Derick Brassard also scored for the Rangers, both on breakaways generated by stretch passes. Francis Bouillon and P.K. Subban - who played 30:35 in regulation time - scored for Montreal, which came from behind twice. The Rangers outshot the Canadiens 26-24 in regulation. Montreal had a 5-3 edge in overtime. Subban's goal was Montreal's only success in seven power plays in regulation. New York was 0-for-3 with the man-advantage but scored shorthanded through Hagelin. After Subban tied it at 2-2 two minutes into the third, Montreal forward Alex Galchenyuk rang one off the goal post with a little over three minutes remaining. He thought he scored but play continued. Replays showed Lundqvist got his stick to the puck before it hit the crossbar and bounced down - in front of the goal-line. With New York's Derek Stepan recovering from a broken jaw suffered on a Brandon Prust hit in Game 3, Dominic Moore moved up to centre Rick Nash and Chris Kreider. Brassard returned from injury to centre Mats Zuccarello and Pouliot. J.T. Miller took the place of the suspended Dan Carcillo on the fourth line. For Montreal, Michael Bournival stepped in for the suspended Prust on the fourth line and Bouillon replaced defenceman Nathan Beaulieu. As in Game 3, Montreal found itself down 1-0 after a first period which could have been worse on the scoreboard. The Habs found themselves killing a penalty before their first shot on net but wasted little time getting in Brassard's grill in front of goal. Miller made his presence felt by hurling Mike Weaver into the goalpost, for which he was penalized. Pouliot went to the box for a high stick and the Canadiens finally managed a shot on goal. New York came into the game not having allowed a power-play goal in its last eight games (22 times shorthanded). And the penalty kill produced offence. The short-handed Rangers went ahead 12 seconds into the Pouliot penalty thanks to a Brian Boyle stretch pass from the blue-line. The speedy Hagelin broke in alone, faked a shot and tucked a backhand through the legs of Tokarski at 7:18 for his sixth of the playoffs. Montreal's David Desharnais failed to corral a pass behind the New York goal and Ryan McDonagh poked the puck to Boyle to trigger the play. It was the Rangers' first short-handed goal in 70 playoff games, dating back to April 9, 2008. The penalty count was three to one against the Rangers by the 10-minute mark, but the Canadiens power play was sputtering. Montreal began to push back after the goal and Brian Gionta had a glorious chance 12 minutes in on a Lundqvist rebound at the doorstep but the puck bobbled and Lundqvist's pad was there when the Montreal captain finally got control. Rangers fourth-liner Derek Dorsett made his presence felt by stapling Weaver into the back boards on a puck chase. And St. Louis played puckhog on another Ranger shift, dipsy-doodling in the Montreal end. The Canadiens outshot the Rangers 11-9 in the first 20 minutes. Subban, thanks to his time on the power-play unit, saw 12:14 minutes of action. Tokarski was buried by a sliding Nash five minutes into the second period but survived the collision. That prompted the officials to warn both benches about not crashing the crease. The New York-born Bouillon tied it up with a blistering shot from the top of a circle on a two-on-one with Desharnais after a nifty Rene Bourque pass between his legs. Lundqvist got a piece of it with his shoulder, but the puck still went in top corner glove side at 8:08. With both teams playing four-a-side, Tokarski stopped a goal with his blocker as Brassard fired the puck from in front during a scramble. At times, the game was like table hockey with both sides looking to open up the other with long passes. Montreal's Tomas Plekanec, meanwhile, won no fans by feigning a stick to the face to sell a penalty. Tokarski robbed St. Louis on a breakaway late in the period, catching the puck with his glove as if it was spring-loaded. The Rangers went ahead with 56 seconds remaining in the second when Dan Girardi found Brassard with a superb stretch pass from deep in his own end. Brassard raced in and unloaded a slapshot from the slot to beat Tokarski. Lundqvist picked up an assist, the first by a Rangers goalie in the playoffs since Mike Richter on May 11, 1997. The shots were 20-16 in favour of New York after 40 minutes. An early Montreal power play in the third - its sixth man-advantage - finally paid off when Subban hammered home a slapshot from the blue-line two minutes in. It was Subban's first point of the series - and first in six games - but also his fifth goal of the playoffs.
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Picturing freedom: UN Human Rights Office announces Pakistani young girl as winner of children's poster competition
GENEVA (11 March 2016) –The UN Human Rights Office has today announced the two winners of a poster contest for children to illustrate what freedom means to them.
The competition was organized as part of a year-long campaign by the Office to mark the 50th anniversary of two core human rights treaties, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.Read Details
When women and girls are not born with labels, why should they be labelled and teased?
Labelling and teasing, if unwelcome, may be regarded as harassment, humiliation or bullying.
UN Women's 'Stop labelling women - freeze the tease' initiative is a simple yet powerful one that aims to send out a message to stop labelling women with a negative, sexual or outcast status and casually write them off.
Launched on International Women's Days, 8th March 2016, 8 Pakistani women were asked "How are you labeled?" and "Who you really are?"
The campaign, created together with Ali Gul Pir (a Pakistani entertainer, rapper, comedian and writer) and www.bensound.com, encourages women and girls to share their #LabelvsYou struggle and urges people to stop, think and end the culture of teasing and offensive labelling.
Media Updates
- UN Family in Pakistan expresses condolence on the sad demise of Mr Edhi
- The United Nations in Pakistan urges Government action to end "Honour Killings"
- U.S. Government Announces $21 Million in Food Assistance for Pakistan
- Improved healthcare facilities at Balochistan Institute of Nephro- Urology Quetta
- Statement by the UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM in Pakistan
- UN Secretary-General statement on the Bacha Khan University attack
- UN Statement on the one-year anniversary of the attack at the APS Peshawar
- Statement attributable to the Spokesman for the Secretary-General on earthquake in South Asia
- UNDP Administrator Helen Clark on the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty
- UN lauds Pakistan stall as one of Best in World Humanitarian Summit Exhibition Fair
- UN RESIDENT COORDINATOR IN PAKISTAN, NEIL BUHNE's pleasant visit to Kurram Agency
- Pakistani youth propel the number of global HeForShe champions to over 300,000
- UN experts urge Pakistan not to execute juveniles
- Pakistan's Seed Industry Experts Discuss New Policy to Revive the Industry

subset: commoncrawl


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on September 16, 2012 - 11:56 PM
First quarter: On a roll
The Buffalo Bills got back to basics in the first quarter, a week after committing four turnovers in the passing game in their season opener.
Buffalo ran the ball 10 times, passed it five and rolled its way to a 7-0 lead over the Kansas City Chiefs. The touchdown drive went 84 yards over 11 plays, and 49 of the yards came on the ground.
C.J. Spiller burst 19 yards off left guard for the touchdown. Kansas City, fearing Spiller's speed, overran the play to the Bills' right. Spiller burst through a big hole created by linemen Cordy Glenn and Andy Levitre and raced up the left middle of the field for the score.
Key plays: Ryan Fitzpatrick rushed for a 20-yard gain on the TD drive. Fitzpatrick saw the Chiefs were in man coverage and the secondary had its back turned to him.
In the backfield: Mark Anderson beat a block by tight end Kevin Boss to create a 3-yard loss and produce a punt on K.C.'s first drive. Kyle Williams bull rushed Chiefs guards Jon Asamoah and Ryan Lilja on separate plays in the quarter to help force three-and-out series on K.C.'s second and third possessions.
Second quarter: Quick bursts
C.J. Spiller averaged 13 yards on six touches and led the Bills to two touchdowns in the second quarter.
Buffalo took a 21-0 lead into halftime.
On the third play of the quarter, Spiller burst up the middle for a 38-yard gain to the Chiefs' 12. Three plays later Spiller showed his speed to the edge, taking a pitch and beating the Chiefs' defense to the corner of the end zone for a 4-yard TD run.
A 27-yard gain on a receiver screen to Spiller set up the Bills for their next score, a 10-yard TD pass from Ryan Fitzpatrick to Scott Chandler.
Hello, Alex: Alex Carrington made the defensive play of his career so far by forcing a fumble by Matt Cassel on a sack at the K.C. 38. Carrington batted the ball out of Cassel's arms and Mario Williams recovered at the Chiefs' 43. It set up the Bills for a short touchdown drive.
Zebra report: The officials got the call correct at the end of the half when Chiefs running back Peyton Hillis fumbled while trying to reach the ball over the goal line on a run from the 1-yard line. Hillis' knees were not down. Bryan Scott of the Bills recovered.
Third quarter: McKelvin in flight
Leodis McKelvin lost his job as the nickel cornerback after Week One but he made up for it on special teams. McKelvin took a punt return 88 yards for a touchdown late in the third quarter to give the Bills a 35-3 lead.
It was McKelvin's second career punt return TD and his second in his last six returns, dating to the second last game of last season, when he had an 80-yard score against Denver.
"I'm very good at going vertical - getting upfield, getting what I could get," McKelvin said. "But that time I got past that first wave. Once you get past that first wave, everything else is history. .
"I just tell the guys, 'You give me a couple returns, I promise you, one will go to the house.' "
The key block was from Chris White, who flattened Abram Elam just in front of McKelvin.
"It's always exciting when he gets the ball with a little bit of space because he can make plays," White said.
Key plays: The Bills got a 49-yard touchdown pass from Ryan Fitzpatrick to Stevie Johnson earlier in the third quarter.
Fourth quarter: Saving face
Chiefs quarterback Matt Cassel rolled up the garbage yards in the fourth quarter. Cassel passed for 140 of his 301 passing yards in the final 15 minutes as the Chiefs got two touchdowns to make the final score look less embarrassing.
Cassel is 4-8 in his last 12 starts for the Chiefs.
"We have to do a better job of staying ahead on downs, first and second downs, creating positive plays, staying out of the negative plays that create third-and-long situations," Cassel said.
The Chiefs converted only 3 of their first 12 third-down situations, and eight of those were third and 7 or longer.
"We knew coming in that we were going to have to handle their front," Cassel said. "We did at times, and we didn't at other times."
Fantasy bonus: Dwayne Bowe caught two touchdown passes in the quarter, on 33- and 2-yard throws from Cassel, to make his fantasy owners happy.
Head-scratching: "We have to try to figure out this team - what this team is about, how we can be better and how to get it done," said Chiefs coach Romeo Crennel.


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[QUOTE=Dr. Bork Bork;405246]I agree with stabby. I've yet to meet an obese long-time vegetarian. :)
People just don't get fat from chowing on fruits & veggies all day[/QUOTE]
I know obese vegetarians, but they do tend to be the "eat any crap that doesn't have animals in it" variety rather than the "eat fruits and veggies" kind.


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Nature Watch
A red-necked grebe flew past Sunset Point at Presque Isle on Sunday. Another one was spotted in Presque Isle Bay off Vista 3 the same day. An adult golden eagle flew past Sunset Point on Nov. 2 for a first fall Erie County record. Three Lapland longspurs flew past Sunset Point on Nov. 3 and another with a flock of about 100 snow buntings at the same site on Tuesday. Pine siskins have been regularly reported from feeding stations across the county, but now white-winged crossbills, common redpolls and evening grosbeaks are on the move south, so keep those feeders full.


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|Sunday, 20 January 2002
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text: At 9:38 PM -0800 1/26/01, Chris Hibbert wrote: >Bill Frantz wrote: >> I have my doubts. I just don't trust PC hardware enough. A simple error >> in virtual address translation, an undetected memory or disk error, the >> list goes on. What we can hope is that these errors will cause the >> substrate to stop (crash) rather than compute with bad data. > >There are only a few reliable hardware faults (Intel floating point >comes to mind.). Most of the errors you describe are sporadic. If you >can't write an exploit based on them, I'm not sure they matter much. In >the same sense MarcS used earlier, they mostly lead to technical faults. > If a cracker can't use them to write anywhere in the memory of some >privileged process, they don't buy her much. I think the place to be most concerned is where some security value is changed by the error. In the EROS case, if a DomainKey was changed to a NodeKey by a memory error, then you would have a "magic" wand to wave over that domain, which will persist as long at the domain persists. Does anyone have any information about how often these kinds of errors actually occur? (Or are all my Windows re-boots software caused?) ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bill Frantz | Microsoft Outlook, the | Periwinkle -- Consulting (408)356-8506 | hacker's path to your | 16345 Englewood Ave. email@example.com | hard disk. | Los Gatos, CA 95032, USA


text:
Call for Papers
Sunday (Sunnie) Enessi Ododo is a Professor of Performance Aesthetics and Theatre Technology in the Department of Theatre Arts, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria. The robustness of Ododo's scholarship is not only reflected in his deep-seated but humble and convivial nature, but also in the rich quantity and engaging nature of his research and publications. Apart from being a theatre scholar, screenwriter, actor, poet and technical theatre practitioner in his highly fecund career of about two decades, he is reputed to be the exponent of the Facekuerade theory in African Theatre Arts Studies. Beyond these, Ododo is a distinguished and versatile creative artist who has made modest contributions to the growth of literature and creative writing in Nigeria through his activities in the Association of Nigerian Authors (ANA) where he has served as Chief Judge of literary prizes and national Vice President. He also currently serves as second the Vice President of the Society of Nigeria Theatre Artists (SONTA). For over a decade, this erstwhile Head of Department and Sub-Dean of Arts at the University of Ilorin, has been the arrow head of celebrating the literary and theatrical achievements of notable Nigerian writers and theatre practitioners like J.P. Clark-Bekederemo, Olu Obafemi, Duro Oni, among others. Through these and other publishing outlets, Sunnie Ododo has given numerous young scholars the opportunities to grow, and the established ones platforms to further project themselves and assert their relevance. It is from this standpoint that he remains a valued and respected icon in literary and theatre circles. Now, the moment has also come to celebrate him.
Born on 21st October 1962, in Maiduguri, North-east Nigeria, Ododo will be fifty years old on the 21st October, 2012. As part of the activities lined up for the fiftieth birthday celebrations of this intellectual colossus and humane gentleman, a festschrift in his honour is being put together for public presention. Theatre, performance and literary scholars, practitioners and researchers are hereby invited to contribute articles for the proposed book. Consequently, the editors welcome essays which are not limited to the following topics from interested contributors:
Research Topics
Tributes and Reminiscences on Sunday Ododo
Sunday Ododo as a Theorist, Designer and Practitioner
Facekuerade (maskless masquerade prototypes) and transformational theatre in Africa
Critical outlook of Ododo's scholarly and creative oeuvres
Costume and Make-up technology
Theatre design and scenography
Lighting technology and digital arts
Textile, ceramics, fine art and sculpture
Media and theatre education
Media arts and screenology
Musical arts and vibratology
Literature and orature
Applying feminist, modernist and postcolonial theories
Indigenous language films
African danceturgy and choreographic arts
Ethnic performances and performance theories
Theatre for development and theatre for social engineering
Children's theatre and support strategies for vulnerable learners
New media and the question of security in contemporary Nigeria
Playwriting, acting and interpretation for performance
Puppetry, animation and aesthetic direction in stage design
Management of arts and cultural institutions
African dramaturgy and theatrical traditions
Language and speech communication
Interested contributors should e-mail their abstracts as MS Word attachment to: email@example.com, email@example.com and firstname.lastname@example.com on or before 31st March, 2012 and the deadline for submission of full papers is 15th June, 2012.
Send a title and an abstract (250 words or less), typed single space in 11pts New Times Roman.
State the name(s) of author(s), institutional affiliation(s), postal and email addresses and phone number(s).
Completed articles (7,000 words including references) should be typed double spaced with 11pts in New Times Roman using Modern Languages Association (MLA) referencing style.
Cover page of the completed paper must also reflect the information in point 2 above.
Abstracts and Papers are to be sent by MS Word attachment only to the Editors:
All enquiries and essays should be directed to:
Osakue S. Omoera
Dept. of Theatre & Media Arts
Ambrose Alli University,
PMB 14, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria
Email : email@example.com
Phone: 08035714679
AbdulRasheed A. Adeoye
Dept. of the Performing Arts
University of Ilorin,
PMB 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: 08033606540
Benedict Benebai
Dept. of Fine, Industrial &Theatre Arts
Niger Delta University,
Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: 08038718720


text:
About Golf Academy of America
Preparing you for a future in golf is what the Golf Academy of America (GAA) is all about. Founded as San Diego Golf Academy in 1974, GAA is the oldest and largest two-year golf management and instructional college in the United States. Today, there are campuses in five of the country's top golf capitals:
- Golf Academy of America in Dallas, Texas
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- Golf Academy of America in Orlando, Fla.
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- We are the first step on your journey toward a rewarding golf career.
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- We are Golf Academy of America, and we want YOU!


text:
Topic: Mac OS X
Tweetbot for Mac update brings smooth scrolling to OS X Mavericks, bug fixes
11/20/2013, 05:11 pm
After releasing a revamped iOS version of its Twitter client in October, Tweetbot on Wednesday debuted an equivalent Mac update that offers exclusive features for OS X 10.9 Mavericks, as well as a number of bug fixes.
Apple asks developers to focus on Mail, Graphics in first Mavericks 10.9.1 beta
11/15/2013, 04:11 pm
Apple on Friday supplied its development community with the first beta of OS X 10.9.1 Mavericks, a forthcoming maintenance and security update for the Mac operating system, and has asked testers to focus their efforts on Mail, Graphics, and VoiceOver.
Apple seeds Safari betas with PDF and autofill enhancements
11/14/2013, 04:11 pm
Apple on Thursday issued two Safari betas to developers with PDF viewing and annotation enhancements, as well as autofill improvements, among other changes.
Apple issues Xcode 5.0.2 update with bug fixes, performance improvements
11/11/2013, 06:11 pm
One week after Apple released a golden master version of its Xcode 5.0.2 coding tool to developers, the company has made the software available for public consumption, with the update bringing fixes for bugs that caused crashing and stalls.
The team behind Mac image editor Pixelmator plays David to Adobe's Goliath
11/09/2015, 12:11 pm
What began as a spark of inspiration between two brothers has grown into one of the most popular image editing applications in the world, and the team that brought it to life has done so from one of the software industry's least likely locations.
New Adobe Lightroom and Camera Raw release candidates fix bugs, add camera support
11/08/2013, 06:11 pm
Adobe on Friday announced release candidates for Lightroom 5.3 and Camera Raw 8.3, each bringing support for new digital cameras like the Nikon D610, Fujifilm X-E2 and Sony Alpha a7, as well as a substantial number of bug fixes.
Apple issues iBooks for Mac update with bug fixes, stability improvements
11/07/2013, 05:11 pm
Continuing its rollout of bug fixes for recently-released OS X software, Apple on Thursday issued an iBooks for Mac update to address bugs and boost performance of the e-book reader.
Apple updates Mavericks to bring Gmail stability fixes for Mail app
11/07/2013, 04:11 pm
Apple continued Thursday's update parade with fixes for compatibility and stability problems that have plagued users who access Gmail accounts using Mail.app in Mavericks.
Fix for Mail problems in Apple's OS X Mavericks making its way through AppleSeed testing
11/07/2013, 01:11 am
Apple appears to be making progress with its upcoming fix for Mail in OS X 10.9 Mavericks, as the company distributed a build of the update to developers late Wednesday.
Apple updates GarageBand for Mac with bug fixes, stability improvements
11/06/2013, 05:11 pm
Apple on Wednesday released an update to GarageBand, bringing minor tweaks and performance enhancements to its casual music creation tool.
Apple promises iWork toolbars, other legacy features will return within 6 months
11/06/2013, 01:11 pm
With a Wednesday afternoon update to its support knowledge base, Apple has sought to reassure iWork users that features which went missing in the productivity suite's recent 64-bit overhaul will return.
Traffic from OS X 10.10 growing as Apple preps Mavericks follow-up
11/01/2013, 11:11 am
Though OS X 10.9 Mavericks is only a few days old, Apple is unsurprisingly hard at work on the next major version of its Mac operating system, with traffic from the unreleased software steadily growing over the last month.
Apple issues Mavericks Mail Update build to AppleSeed members for testing
10/31/2013, 10:10 pm
In an email to AppleSeed developers on Thursday, Apple revealed it is working on a Mail Update for Mavericks, which looks to deal with a number of issues users are experiencing with the new operating system.
Apple's increasing cultural influence colors "Obama crash"
10/31/2013, 01:10 pm
Apple's increasing visibility on the PC desktop, and in national politics and global culture, has resulted in the Mac's multicolored "beach ball" wait cursor becoming more recognizable to a general audience than the icons used by Windows.
Apple faces backlash over missing, changed functions in iWork revamp
10/29/2013, 02:10 am
A growing number of iWork users have taken to Apple's Support Communities forums to air complaints about the numerous changes Apple made to its productivity suite, which some say is now unusable.
Mavericks Feature Focus: Safari 7 and iCloud Keychain
10/26/2013, 07:10 pm
Safari's sixth major revision brings some visual tweaks, a slew of performance and power efficiency enhancements, and Apple's all-new integrated password manager, iCloud Keychain.
Apple starts online sales of OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion and 10.7 Lion for $20
10/24/2013, 07:10 pm
Apple on Thursday initiated online voucher sales for two legacy OS X version, Mountain Lion and Lion, with the offering aimed at easing the process of upgrading older Mac hardware.
Mac owners adopting OS X Mavericks 3X faster than Mountain Lion
10/24/2013, 04:10 pm
Just 24 hours after launch, the newest revision of Apple's desktop operating system is responsible for 5.5 percent of all North American web traffic originating from Macs, a new study says.
Adobe confirms Flash Player is sandboxed in Safari for OS X Mavericks
10/24/2013, 03:10 am
After years of fighting malware and exploits facilitated through Adobe's Flash Player, the company is taking advantage of Apple's new App Sandbox feature to restrict malicious code from running outside of Safari in OS X Mavericks.
Updates to Aperture, Final Cut & Logic will tap into horsepower of new Mac Pro
10/23/2013, 12:10 pm
Apple has revealed its professional application suite --�Aperture, Final Cut Pro X, and Logic Pro X --�has been optimized for the company's upcoming next-generation Mac Pro, and that the desktop computer will bring "unparalleled power" for the software.


text:
Index of content:
Volume 89, Issue 3, 01 February 2001
Pressure–volume–temperature paths in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1335827View Description Hide Description
The temperature, pressure, and stress conditions in the diamond anvil cell sample chamber before, during, and after laser heating are mapped by employing standard materials as in situ pressure markers. Unit cell volumes of Pt, MgO, and NaCl were monitored by synchrotron-based x-ray diffraction at temperatures between 300 and 2290 K and pressures ranging from 14 to 53 GPa. To aid in interpreting the resulting pressure–volume–temperature paths, we perform a series of model calculations of the high-temperature, high-pressurex-ray diffraction behavior of platinum subjected to a general stress state. Thermal pressure and thermal expansioneffects within the laser-heated volume are observed but are not sufficient to fully explain the measured paths. Large apparent pressure changes can also result from relaxation of deviatoric stresses during heating and partial reintroduction of those stresses during quench. Deviatoric stresses, monitored from both diffraction peak widths and lattice parameter shifts as a function of may significantly distort equation of state results if it is assumed that the sample is under hydrostatic pressure. Large-scale, nearly isothermal pressure relaxation events are observed at ∼2000 K. It is proposed that these arise from relaxation of heated components (pressure medium, gasket, cell itself) outside of the directly laser-heated volume.
Calculated absolute electron-impact ionization cross sections for AlO, and89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1337085View Description Hide Description
The Deutsch–Märk (DM) formalism was used to calculate absolute electron impact ionization cross sections for the metal oxide molecules AlO, and These molecules are important in materials research and they are also found as impurities in the plasma edge of fusion reactors. We also calculated ionization cross sections for the atoms Al and W. In the case of the Al-containing compounds, we find an unexpected ordering of the maximum ionization cross section Furthermore, the maximum ionization cross section for all four W-containing compounds W, WO, and is roughly the same with values in the range of These findings can be understood by analyzing the DM calculations for these species as well as on the basis of semi-classical arguments. In addition, calculations using the semi-empirical modified additivity rule confirm the trends in the cross section ordering for, respectively, the Al-containing and W-containing compounds that was predicted by the DM formalism, at least qualitatively.
Reconstruction of roughness profile of fractal surface from scattering measurement at grazing incidence89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1336520View Description Hide Description
As a scalar wave is incident upon a rough surface at grazing angle, the Helmholtz wave equation can be approximated by the parabolic equation.Inverse scattering has been formulated in the form of a pair of coupled integral equations in two unknown functions, i.e., surface current and surface roughness. The aim of this article is to implement this approach for profile reconstruction of complex fractalrough surface. The fractalrough surfaces described by a band-limited Weieztrass–Mandelbrot function are numerically realized using the Monte Carlo method. As the scattering fields along a line parallel to the mean surface are measured or solved with a scalar wave incidence at low grazing angle, the rough surface profile is progressively inverted. Numerical examples show that the reconstructed profile and its parameters such as the fractal dimension, roughness variance, and correlation length are well matched with the simulated surfaces.
Velocity angular distribution of ground level atomic silicon in the plume of laser ablated silica89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1332804View Description Hide Description
Polished silica (synthetic glass) samples were ablated to vacuum by 266 nm laser pulses at a flounce of 110 J/cm2. The concentration of ground level atomic silicon in the plume was measured as a function of time, by laser-induced fluorescence(LIF), at distances of 5–7 mm from the ablated point. The angular velocity distribution was found to be highly asymmetric with respect to surface normal, as the LIF signal dropped abruptly at angles approaching the laser direction. The symmetric morphology of the craters that were formed by ablation indicates that the above asymmetry is not likely to be attributed to the interaction of the laser or the ablated plume with the surface. Therefore, it is suggested that the silicon atoms, ejected in the direction of the incident laser beam, were preferentially ionized via a multiphoton off-resonance absorption process. The velocity of the silicon atoms was detected in the 1–13 km/s range. Since the velocity distribution for a thermal ablation process is expected to extend down to zero, the photochemical channel is suggested to be dominant in this case. Doppler broadening, calculated from the lateral velocity distribution, was found to be consistent with the broadening of the siliconabsorptionspectrum.
Scanned-probe field-emission studies of vertically aligned carbon nanofibers89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1339860View Description Hide Description
Field emission properties of dense and sparse "forests" of randomly placed, vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) were studied using a scanned probe with a small tip diameter of ∼1 μm. The probe was scanned in directions perpendicular and parallel to the sample plane, which allowed for measuring not only the emission turn-on field at fixed locations but also the emission site density over large surface areas. The results show that dense forests of VACNFs are not good field emitters as they require high extracting (turn-on) fields. This is attributed to the screening of the local electric field by the neighboring VACNFs. In contrast, sparse forests of VACNFs exhibit moderate-to-low turn-on fields as well as high emission site and current densities, and long emission lifetime, which makes them very promising for various field emission applications.
Amorphous diamond-like carbon film prepared by pulsed laser deposition with application of pulsed negative bias voltage89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1334640View Description Hide Description
Amorphous diamond-like carbonfilms were prepared by pulsed laser deposition with a synchronized application of pulsed negative bias voltage to the substrate. A beam from a Nd:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser (1064 nm) was radiated to a graphite target at a laser fluence of The negative bias voltage was changed from 0 to 10 kV at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. The film was deposited on a Si (111) substrate at a chamber pressure of Torr for 120 min. The effects of bias voltage on the structure of the film were discussed on the basis of the measured deposition rate, Raman spectra,refractive index, dynamic hardness, and surface roughness. The effect of self-sputtering on deposition rate was observed at a negative bias voltage above 0.6 kV. The application of bias voltage increased the fraction of configuration in the film and made the film surface smoother. In particular, the application of 3 kV gave the largest fraction of bonding, and formed the hardest and smoothest film. Bias voltage above 5 kV, however, drastically reduced the hardness of the film.
Oxidation study of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposited and rf sputtered hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide films89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1330252View Description Hide Description
An oxidation study of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposited(PECVD) and rf sputtered hydrogenated amorphous siliconcarbidefilms was carried out using the infrared (IR) and electron spin resonance(ESR) techniques. films with 0.5, and 0.8 were prepared with the PECVD method and significant oxide growth can only be obtained in film. IR results showed that bonds provide the necessary porous structure for oxide growth. The oxide quality was found to be poor when compared to oxide obtained from pure silicon. Annealing in nitrogen enhances the porosity of the PECVDfilms and results in faster oxide growth. For sputteredfilms, oxide growth can only be observed in film containing bonds. We are not able to separate the contributions of the Si–H, Si–C, and the Si dangling bonds to the oxide growth for the PECVD and rf sputteredfilms.
Simulation of wet oxidation of silicon based on the interfacial silicon emission model and comparison with dry oxidation89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1335828View Description Hide Description
Siliconoxidation in wet ambients is simulated based on the interfacial silicon emission model and is compared with dry oxidation in terms of the silicon-atom emission. The silicon emission model enables the simulation of wet oxidation to be done using the oxidant self-diffusivity in the oxide with a single activation energy. The amount of silicon emission from the interface during wet oxidation is smaller than that during dry oxidation. The small emission rate for wet oxidation is responsible for the insignificant initial oxidation enhancement and the linear pressure dependence of the oxidation rate observed in wet oxidation. Using a unified set of parameters, the whole range of oxide thickness is fitted for both (100) and (111) substrates in a wide range of oxidation temperatures (800 °C–1200 °C) and pressures (1–20 atm).
Effects of small amounts of Al in GaN grown on sapphire (0001) by molecular beam epitaxy89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1335647View Description Hide Description
A series of 0.7 μm thick GaN layers have been grown by solid-source rf-plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy on sapphire (0001) substrates with the addition of 0.10%–3.30% Al. The Al concentration was determined by secondary ion-mass spectrometry and Auger-electron spectroscopy, while the layer quality was assessed by photoluminescence, Hall effect measurement, and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy.Microscopy revealed a surface roughness varying with Al content. The smallest surface roughness was obtained at 0.10% and 3.30% Al. Low-temperature photoluminescence revealed dominating peaks attributed to the neutral donor-bound exciton. Its energy increased slightly with Al concentration, which established a correlation between the Al concentration and the band gap. The surface morphology, the corresponding optical and electrical properties, showed a clear improvement of the GaN layer quality for the range of 0.10%–0.17% Al content.
Effect of mass-selected ion species on structure and properties of diamond-like carbon films89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1333739View Description Hide Description
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were prepared with mass-selected and ions, and the dependence of filmmicrostructures and properties on ion species was investigated with micro-Raman spectroscopy, optical band gap measurement and atomic force microscopy(AFM). The results indicate that highly bonded DLC films are achieved using carbon and hydrocarbon ions with ion energy of 100 eV. AFM results exhibit that the surface roughness for these films is very low, which is associated with the formation of a dense diamond-like phase as suggested by the subplantation model. The thermal stability of the films were investigated in the temperature region of 200–800 °C. Raman measurements show that the D peak evolves at much lower temperatures for the film prepared with than that for the film prepared with ions during annealing. The results indicate that hydrogen-free carbonfilms have a much better thermal stability than hydrogenated carbonfilms.
Plasma oxidation of thin aluminum layers for magnetic spin-tunnel junctions89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1334644View Description Hide Description
This article presents results of a study initiated to characterize the plasma-oxidation process of very thin Alfilms, a technology commonly used to produce good barrier layers for magnetic spin-tunnel junctions. The behavior of oxygen in the oxidizing Al layer is determined using both quantitative (Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy) and qualitative (x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),secondary ion mass spectrometry) analytical techniques. We have applied in situXPS and experimented with to unravel details of the oxidation mechanism. In addition, the influence of the oxygen pressure on the oxidation rate was established, both with and without a plasma being present. From optical emission spectra it is concluded that this pressure has a minor effect on the relative abundance of excited species in the oxygen plasma. When combined, these data constitute the basis of a model that distinguishes several steps in the plasmaoxidation of Al. At the start, oxygen penetrates rapidly throughout the total Al layer, followed by a period of increasing oxygen concentration but constant oxide thickness. Finally, the Co underlayer becomes involved in the oxidation process, which marks the deterioration of the spin-tunnel junction. Evidence is obtained that for the thicker initial Al layers the Co electrode layer starts to oxidize before completion of the Aloxidation. This explains why for 0.8-nm-thick Alfilms the highest tunnel-magnetoresistance effect is obtained for stoichiometric whereas for 1.5 nm Al this occurs while the oxide is still substoichiometric.
Growth of carbon nanotubes by gas source molecular beam epitaxy89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1337083View Description Hide Description
Multiwall carbon nanotubes have been grown by gas sourcemolecular beam epitaxy in the presence of Ni catalyst. Some nanotubes show thinner bases compared with their heads. First- and second-order Raman scatteringspectra are used to study the structure of samples with different initial thicknesses of Ni layers. The second-order Raman mode of carbon nanotubes shows a downshift compared with the graphite-like structure. The growth of carbon nanotubes is found to depend on the size of the metal droplets. When the initial Ni layer is either too thick or too thin, few carbon nanotubes are observed. The Raman spectra show graphite and glassy carbon structures for too thick and too thin initial Ni layer films, respectively. Only when a proper range of Ni catalyst film is used, carbon nanotubes could be found.
Observation of magnetic gradients in stainless steel with a high- superconducting quantum interference device microscope89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1334637View Description Hide Description
Superconducting quantum interference device(SQUID) microscopes may serve as useful nondestructive evaluation(NDE) tools since they can precisely measure the local magnetic field variation that can be related to the characteristics of ferromagnetic materials. To demonstrate this, we have studied magnetic functionally graded materials (FGMs) in the Fe–Cr–Ni alloy system using a high-transition-temperature SQUID microscope. The FGMs were either fabricated by inhomogeneous mechanical deformation or by heat treatment in a temperature gradient. The magnetic properties of these materials were measured using the vibrating sample magnetometer technique along the deformation or the temperature gradients. The results from this technique and the microstructural properties from optical imaging are discussed in conjunction with the magnetic field images obtained from the SQUID microscope. By exploring the results, the feasibility and benefit of utilizing SQUID microscopy as a NDE tool are discussed.
Ion bombardment as the initial stage of diamond film growth89(2001); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1338997View Description Hide Description
It is believed that during the initial stage of diamondfilm growth by chemical-vapor deposition(CVD), ion bombardment is the main mechanism in the bias-enhanced-nucleation (BEN) process. To verify such a statement, experiments by using mass-separated ion-beamdeposition were carried out, in which a pure carbonion beam, with precisely defined low energy, was selected for investigating the ion-bombardment effect on a Si substrate. The results are similar to those of the BEN process, which supports the ion-bombardment-enhanced-nucleation mechanism. The formation of bonding is based on the presumption that the time of stress generation is much shorter than the duration of the relaxation process. The ion-bombarded Si is expected to enhance the CVDdiamondnucleation density because the film contains amorphous carbon embedded with nanocrystalline diamond and defective graphite.


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San Joaquin County opens NCAA gym
New facility holds basketball, volleyball courts
UPDATED 2:32 PM PDT Apr 02, 2013
The San Joaquin County Office of Education celebrated the grand opening of a full NCAA sports facility Tuesday in Stockton.
Three basketball and volleyball courts were built inside the NCAA gym, which also has and wrestling mats.
View photos of the new NCAA gym
Watch: New gym opens in Stockton
The type of synthtic floor used in the gym is the first of its kind in San Joaquin County.
Made of a combination of high-level recycled content and other materials, the gym floor replicates hardwood.
The gym will provide a place for the community to hold tournaments, competitions and other events.
For more information, go here.
Copyright 2013 by KCRA.com All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Ad Bard, The Advertising Network Serving FOSS Only Ads, is Shutting Down
Ad Bard was a breath of fresh air in the already crowded advertising networks arena lead by behemoths like Google Adsense. In 2009 when Ad Bard network first came into existence, FSF proudly proclaimed, "The Free Software Community now has an ethical alternative to ad networks that promote proprietary software." Ad Bard was a truly promising venture. But it's all going to end in another month or so. Ad Bard is finally shutting down.
Comments are closed.
Copyright © 2016 FreeSoftNews - All Rights Reserved


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Communication and advocacy are crucial to changing how our children grow up and live emotionally healthy lives.
We are born. We live. We die. So, how is it that one of the most important things we will do as living beings is seldom talked about, that we fumble over it when trying to "help," and that most haven't a clue on how to help our children address this basic fact?
If we do not advocate for our children, talk about children's emotional health, and confront death with openness and honesty then we are propagating emotional neglect. When kids are confronted with death and look for help only to find adults who are clueless then the consequences are isolation, fear, and a lack of helpful coping mechanisms.
What do you get when you take away helpful coping tools? Substance abuse, high-risk behaviors, inability to confront life's challenges, a timid approach to life, or even a desire not to live.
Kids are resilient, however. Many celebrities whose names you know well (for example: Kyrie Irving, Zoe Saldana, Anderson Cooper, Paul McCartney, Bill Clinton, Stephen Colbert, Julia Roberts, Rosie O'Donnell, etc.) have experienced the death of a parent or sibling. They go on to do amazing things because they know what rock bottom feels and looks like. They've experienced post-traumatic growth and can see their own abilities. The road, though, for many of these folks was long and hard and they had to do it alone. Imagine if we gave them the tools they needed to confront their grief and get support.
Imagine all those who did not see their own resiliency and strength and now live very difficult lives.
As a community, we need to understand the complexity of a child's emotional life and we need to prepare for death so that we can care for every child in our community. It's not rocket science. It's intentionality, it's communication, it's advocacy, it's taking the time to learn and address our own fears so that the next generation can live more fully and more healthily.


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During the interview in Savannah, Ga., Rupert was asked what movies would he watch for a day non-stop. He answered with explaining his interest in Wes Anderson movies. The Life Aquatic was one of them. We all know how he loves Bill Murray and in the movie he plays quite a funny character. So for part of the interview, while answering fan questions, he sketched Murray's character, Steve Zissou, without a picture or reference. Hope you all enjoy!
You can also see it in our gallery.
Submitted by Traci on Tue, 07/17/2012 - 06:27


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Dropping dairy cleared up my sinuses, my chronic cough, my acne, and my foggy mind.
Try that and get back to me.
Note: 2 weeks minimum before you start coming to conclusions.
Oh, as a side note, can you post the secondary ingredients of your VD3 pills? Maybe there's some nasty culprit lurking in there.
Edit: brand as well please


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Created in this Craftsy class
Compose stunning allegorical paintings and bring them to life on canvas! Join Martin Wittfooth in the studio for a study in storytelling.
Other projects made as part of this class:
Offer some kudos...
Join the conversation...
Ask a question...
Add your comment...
|Here are some details about my project:
|Acrylic Paint
Share a little about the materials, processes and techniques used to create this piece. This is a painting for my upcoming solo show called "Faces of God." 24" x 30", acrylic on gallery-wrapped canvas. Rule of Thirds helped me immensely. I got images using a search engine that inspired me, but, being a folk artist, my stuff never looks like the photos! I had fun with this. The purple sheep's fluffy wool is made of overlapping purple spirals. God seems to be growing mandalas in one of his fields, and He has extraordinary landscaping! I included the sheep for its obvious symbolism, and bees because of the current worldwide honey bee crisis.
This is so cheery! Love the color, pattern, and texture. More, please.
A very fun piece - congratulations! Glad to see you having gotten some pointers from the composition exercise
I love your work.


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Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI DSS) is a set of security standards that serve to protect the cardholder information from security breaches. It helps in ensuring card information protection against thefts from within the organization and also from external brute forces. With growing security threats, complying to PCI-DSS is of utmost importance to merchants dealing with Payment Cards viz., credit, debit & ATM cards and the repercussions of non-compliance can be disastrous to the reputation and the finances of the organization.
To establish compliance, PCI-DSS lists out 12 major requirements and 2 special requirement-annexures that, when enforced in the organization, will considerably strengthen the security of the cardholder information that the organization handles. For an organization to be PCI compliant, they need to adhere to all the conditions as outlined by the requirements, in terms of network and resource-security.
With growing security threats, compliance to PCI-DSS is of utmost importance to merchants dealing with Payment Cards and the repercussions of non-compliance can be disastrous to the reputation and the finances of the organization.
While being compliant to PCI DSS is already a daunting task, it is also mandatory for you to prove that your organization is compliant to the standard with a set of reports or by answering questionnaires during the PCI audit. This PCI Audit is performed either with a set of questionnaires or by a Qualified Security Assessor, external to the organization.
EventLog Analyzer, the log analysis and management software from ManageEngine, helps establish compliance to PCI DSS. With its 'simple-in-design and sophisticated-in-function' web-based interface, and compliance-specific reports, establishing compliance to PCI DSS is no longer a time and resource consuming activity. EventLog Analyzer's compliance reports mainly cater to PCI DSS Requirement 10, that talks about tracking and monitoring all accesses to cardholder data. In addition to Requirement 10, EventLog Analyzer also helps establish compliance to a few other PCI DSS Requirements as well.
How EventLog Analyzer helps a financial firm to comply with PCI-DSS regulation effectively?
Compliance to PCI DSS Requirement 10 using EventLog Analyzer.
Compliance to other PCI DSS Requirements using EventLog Analyzer.


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Founders Journal 65 · Summer 2006 · pp. 8-17
Is Christ-Centered Preaching a Biblical Mandate?
Preaching is God's ordained method for the pastor—but not just any kind of preaching! Our Lord and His apostles were masters of Christ-centered preaching. Every Word our Lord uttered ultimately was about His Person and work as our Prophet, Priest and King; especially when He expounded Old Testament texts! And the apostles followed suit. Every evangelistic sermon and every epistle was centered on Jesus Christ. Every application to the hearer's life calling for obedience and faith was founded upon His Person and perfect work.
Christ-centered preaching is more than:
- Preaching an expositional sermon, even from a New Testament text, yet without mentioning Christ except in some sort of evangelistic appeal at the end
- Preaching a sermon filled with illustrations and humor while only nominally mentioning a text, or Jesus Christ Himself, once in a while
- Preaching a "relevant" message with adjectives like "exciting, awesome, extreme, life-changing, etc.", without explaining God's written Word and the Person and work of Christ
- Preaching a "practical series" on marriage, joy, etc., without explaining how the Person and work of Jesus Christ applies to marriage, joy, etc.
None of the above measures up to true Christ-centered preaching. Much passes for "biblical preaching" today without enough of Christ in the message to save an unbeliever or increase the believer's understanding of Christ-centered living.
I have spent most of my vacations for over 35 years visiting SBC churches. On two hands, I can count the number of sermons I have heard that were truly Christ-centered, even from conservative, Bible-believing preachers. I believe we need to reform our preaching to make it more Christ-centered today. So, the first question to ask is this: Is Christ-centered preaching a biblical mandate?
It is a biblical mandate to preach Christ to all men
It is clear that the apostles preached Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior to the unconverted (Acts 5:42, 8:35, 11:20). He was the center of their message. When Paul first came to Corinth, he said:
For I determined to know nothing among you except Jesus Christ, and Him crucified (1 Corinthians 2:2).
Jesus Christ, the only Mediator between God and man, His Person and work, was the subject matter of Paul's evangelistic preaching in Corinth. But that is not all. Paul preached Jesus Christ to Christians as well. You cannot read his epistles, which were read in their entirety to the churches, without seeing that he rehearsed the Person and work of Jesus Christ as the power of their salvation and the center point of their sanctification. To the Colossians, Paul described his preaching and teaching to Christians:
We proclaim Him, admonishing every man and teaching every man with all wisdom, so that we may present every man complete in Christ (Colossians 1:28).
Paul's message, even for Christians, was to proclaim Christ to make every man complete in Him. Should we do any less? It is a biblical mandate to preach Christ to unbeliever and believer!
It is a biblical mandate to preach all of Christ
We must preach Christ to all men, but we must also preach all of Christ—His beauty, His perfections, His righteousness, His glories—His life and death and resurrrection and ascension. We must faithfully declare the gospel "that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and that He was buried, and that He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures" (1 Corinthians 15:3–4). We must call upon all sinners to repent and believe in the resurrected Lord.
Yet we often hear little of Jesus' resurrection in evangelistic presentations and preaching today. The emphasis upon the need to go to heaven, the need to be happy, even the need to be forgiven, often receives more place in preaching that the glory of Jesus Christ in His perfect life, horrifying death, glorious resurrection, almighty reign, sobering judgment, and glorious return. In fact, there is more said in the evangelistic messages of Acts on the reality of His resurrection and exaltation than even His cross! For the cross means nothing without His glorious resurrection and exaltation in victory over sin, Satan, death and hell for repentant and believing sinners.
When is the last time you preached the gospel to sinners and emphasized Jesus' resurrection, that He is God and He is alive, bringing each hearer, condemned in their Law-breakings, face-to-face with the Resurrected One? This alone is Christ-centered evangelistic preaching! This alone pierces the heart by the Holy Spirit to cause sinners to fall down to Christ for mercy and salvation. This alone carries the idea of a faith in Him that also includes submission to Him as Lord of one's life.
It is a theological mandate to preach Christ in every sermon
Since Genesis 3:15, Jesus Christ is the patent center of God's revelation to man. Adam represented us and fell into sin, breaking God's covenant requiring perfect law-obedience. Now, Jesus Christ, the last Adam, is the only Mediator between God and man. He is the only Savior of sinners and Lord of the saved. The entire Old Testament is subservient to revealing His coming. The entire New Testament is the revelation of His coming to mankind and the explanation of how the Old Testament is fulfilled in Jesus Christ.
Sometimes, in the rediscovery of biblical truth and the reformed faith of our Baptist forefathers, we hear phrases like this: "the central truth of all Scripture is the sovereignty of God over all things" or "the central truth of all Scripture is the glory of God." Sometimes we hear sermons and read books glorifying the sovereignty and glory of God. But, even then, something is often missing: Jesus Christ and Him crucified, risen, reigning and coming—His Person and work.
I believe that God is sovereign over all things, and that everything is for His glory, rightly understood and deserved. But if you ask me what is the center point of Scripture in revealing His glory and sovereignty to man, it must be said in the clearest of terms that it is Jesus Christ, His Person and work. It is a theological mandate to preach Christ in all the Scriptures.
Preaching Christ from the Old Testament
The Old Testament is theologically centered in Jesus Christ. Our Lord taught this to the disciples on the Emmaus road:
Then beginning with Moses and with all the prophets, He explained to them the things concerning Himself in all the Scriptures (Luke 24:27).
When Adam fell into sin, he brought our whole race into condemnation under God's Law (Romans 2:14–16; 5:12–19). His fall brought the need of a Savior into history. This is why the Law of God must be preached to all men to show them that they are sinners (Romans 3:19–20). Yet, from Genesis 3:15, God promised Satan that the Seed of the Woman would bruise him on the head. This is Christ alone, the hope of sinners, the last Adam who brings redemption from sin against God and His Law. We must preach both the Law and the gospel to be faithful to the theology of Scripture.
This promise of Christ to come was slowly unfolded in the Old Testament "covenants of promise" as Paul calls them (Ephesians 2:12), until the Seed to whom the promises were ultimately made to Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Israel and David came with His new and everlasting covenant of peace (Galatians 3; Jeremiah 31:31–34, 32:40; Isaiah 54:10, 55:3, 61:8; Ezekiel 16:60, 24:25; Hebrews 8:8–10, 13:20).
The Old Testament saints were justified by faith in the promise of Christ to come (Romans 4, Hebrews 11, James 2). The New Covenant of Jesus Christ was so prophesied and foreshadowed in the Old Testament that we may legitimately preach any Old Testament text where it fits into the history of redemption pointing to the future coming of our dear Lord.
For example, if we preach from God's Law (the Ten Words), it foreshadows the perfections of Christ and the need of His atonement. If we preach from an historical narrative, its ultimate meaning is to sustain the lineage of Jesus. If we preach from the prophets, they condemn the broken Sinai Covenant yet point to the covenant mercies of God in the future Messiah. If we preach from the Wisdom literature, its ultimate fulfillment is in Jesus Christ, in whom is hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.
Peter summarized the meaning of the Old Testament:
As to this salvation, the prophets who prophesied of the grace that would come to you made careful searches and inquiries, seeking to know what person or time the Spirit of Christ within them was indicating as He predicted the sufferings of Christ and the glories to follow. It was revealed to them that they were not serving themselves, but you, in these things which now have been announced to you through those who preached the gospel to you by the Holy Spirit sent from heaven—things into which angels long to look (1 Peter 1:10–12).
The New Testament interprets theologically how the Old Testament taught of Christ. The Old Testament is theologically centered in Christ. This is why He must be proclaimed from every Old Testament text.
Preaching Christ from the New Testament
The New Testament is theologically centered in Jesus Christ. John 1:1–18 tells of the eternal history of the Word of God—the One who is God, who made all things, who came to His own, who was rejected of men, but who gives eternal life to all who believe and receive Him as Lord. Our Lord Jesus Christ Himself is that Light of the world in whom God the Father, Son and Holy Spirit has revealed Himself to man:
God, who at various times and in various ways spoke in time past to the fathers by the prophets, has in these last days spoken to us by His Son, whom He has appointed heir of all things, through whom also He made the worlds; who being the brightness of His glory and the express image of His person, and upholding all things by the word of His power, when He had by Himself purged our sins, sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high, having become so much better than the angels, as He has by inheritance obtained a more excellent name than they (Hebrews 1:1–4).
In the face of Jesus Christ, we see the Trinitarian God revealed to man. As He said: "He that has seen Me has seen the Father." The Christian faith is a Trinitarian faith theologically. But both the Old Testament and the New Testament require theologically that Christ remains the center of the revelation of this Trinitarian God to man. Though He may not be mentioned by name in every text of Scripture, He is at the center of every text of Scripture. For He is the reason the Old Testament history continued after the Fall; and He is the reason the New Testament revelation was given by the Father through the Holy Spirit.
We need to remember that each verse in Scripture should be interpreted by all of Scripture. Therefore, true expository preaching always brings the Person and work of Jesus Christ, who is the center of Scripture, into each text. This is especially true of the New Testament epistles and letters to the saints. Let me give you some examples of what I mean.
How does one preach Christ from Romans 8:28?
And we know that God causes all things to work together for good to those who love God, to those who are called according to His purpose (Romans 8:28).
Once I heard a sermon by a very good man on this text about the Providence and Sovereignty of God in all the life of a Christian. It really was very good in its exposition of the words and grammar of the text. However, there was no mention of Jesus Christ till the conclusion of the sermon when the preacher called on the hearers to believe in Christ for salvation. I do not recall that he mentioned either the deity of Christ, the atonement of the cross, or His resurrected glory. I am glad that Christ was mentioned, but I am sad that He never actually was preached at the center of the text. For, you see, the reason we know that God causes all things to work together for good to those who love God, to those who are called according to His purpose, is because of the Person and work of Jesus Christ. In the immediate context of Romans 8:28, Paul explains how we "know" that God the Father will work all things together for good:
For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brethren; and these whom He predestined, He also called; and these whom He called, He also justified; and these whom He justified, He also glorified. What then shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who is against us? He who did not spare His own Son, but delivered Him over for us all, how will He not also with Him freely give us all things? Who will bring a charge against God's elect? God is the one who justifies; who is the one who condemns? Christ Jesus is He who died, yes, rather who was raised, who is at the right hand of God, who also intercedes for us (Romans 8:29–34).
The very reason we "know" that God will work all things together for good for the saints is because:
- He has predestined all whom He foreknew to be conformed to the image of Christ, His Divine Son;
- And all whom He predestined He effectually calls and justifies by faith alone in Jesus' blood and righteousness to be safely brought to glory, no matter what trials enter their life;
- And, the proof that He works all things together for good like this is that if He delivered His Son up for us all, how will He not also freely give us all things:
- And, we know that all things work together for good because the risen Son of God is seated at the right hand of God the Father continually interceding for us.
In other words, to preach the Providence of God for the saints without being Christ-centered in the explanation and application is not being faithful to the context, which is Christ-centered for the saints!
How does one preach Christ from 1 Peter 4:19?
Therefore, those also who suffer according to the will of God shall entrust their souls to a faithful Creator in doing what is right (1 Peter 4:19).
In such a text, do you just appeal to the sovereign will of God who does what He wants? Do you just appeal to God as our faithful Creator who always does what is right? Therefore, you just quit complaining and endure suffering because of the sovereign will of a righteous God? Of course not! Such an explanation could be preached by a Muslim! This text is given in the context of the whole book of 1 Peter. Peter has given a veritable theology of suffering in his letter, based wholly upon the Person and work of Jesus Christ! We trust in the faithful Creator who does only what is right because He has proven His faithfulness and sovereignty in the suffering of Christ for our salvation and comfort.
In the broader context of Scripture interpreting Scripture, Peter explains why we can trust in the sovereign God during suffering according to His will:
Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, To those who reside as aliens, scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, who are chosen according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, by the sanctifying work of the Spirit, to obey Jesus Christ and be sprinkled with His blood: May grace and peace be yours in the fullest measure. Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who according to His great mercy has caused us to be born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, to obtain an inheritance which is imperishable and undefiled and will not fade away, reserved in heaven for you, who are protected by the power of God through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time. In this you greatly rejoice, even though now for a little while, if necessary, you have been distressed by various trials, so that the proof of your faith, being more precious than gold which is perishable, even though tested by fire, may be found to result in praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ; and though you have not seen Him, you love Him, and though you do not see Him now, but believe in Him, you greatly rejoice with joy inexpressible and full of glory, obtaining as the outcome of your faith the salvation of your souls (1 Peter 1:1–9).
For you have been called for this purpose, since Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example for you to follow in His steps, WHO COMMITTED NO SIN, NOR WAS ANY DECEIT FOUND IN HIS MOUTH; and while being reviled, He did not revile in return; while suffering, He uttered no threats, but kept entrusting Himself to Him who judges righteously; and He Himself bore our sins in His body on the cross, so that we might die to sin and live to righteousness; for by His wounds you were healed. For you were continually straying like sheep, but now you have returned to the Shepherd and Guardian of your souls (1 Peter 2:21–25).
Peter went to the Gospels and preached the Person and work of Jesus Christ and Him crucified, risen, exalted and coming again to comfort these suffering Christians. He calls them to trust in the sovereign God who sent His Son to suffer on their behalf, Who Himself entrusted Himself while suffering to His Father who judges righteously, Who uttered no threats and did not attack those who persecuted Him.
The comfort of Christians in suffering is not the bare sovereignty of a right God, but the God who had a purpose in sending His own Son to suffer for them, and Who bore that suffering with trust in the God who was providing the salvation of sinners.
To preach 1 Peter 4:19 without a full display of the context centered in Jesus Christ and Him crucified, raised, ascended, and coming again cannot comfort Christians in trial nor display the salvation of God to the unconverted present. It may be textual preaching of some sort, but it is not true, expository, Christ-centered preaching!
How can you preach Paul's exhortation to love one's neighbor through fulfilling the laws of the 10 Commandments in Romans 13:8–10 if you do not refer to the Christ who perfectly loved you and said: "If you love Me, you will keep My commandments" (John 14:15).
How can you teach church members to love one another, to put away all bitterness, malice, clamor, and slander, unless you remind them of Christ?
Be kind to one another, tender-hearted, forgiving each other, just as God in Christ also has forgiven you (Ephesians 4:32).
How can you encourage yourself and other pastor friends to be faithful in their labors, especially when you are being opposed and see so little fruit? Paul gave the secret of his perseverance in these words:
Therefore, since we have this ministry, as we received mercy, we do not lose heart… (2 Corinthians 4:1).
Having received the mercies of God through Jesus Christ, remembering the life, death, resurrection, ascension and coming of His Lord, Paul did not lose heart when he ministered to the cynical and hard faces of men. His remembrance of mercy through Jesus Christ fueled his heart to persevere.
The application of Jesus Christ, His Person and work, to the saints in the different situations of life is the necessity of true expository, Christ-centered preaching. The examples of the New Testament preaching are the models for us. To leave out the whole message of God's grace in Christ while preaching particular texts is not preaching "the whole counsel of God." In fact, it is hiding Christ from His own people. It is robbing them of the gospel which first saved them and which is necessary to continue to believe in order that they may lead faithful, Christ-centered lives.
It is theologically necessary to preach Jesus Christ and Him crucified, risen, reigning and returning in every sermon. Therefore, Christ-centered preaching teaches Christ from every text, not forcing it, nor allegorizing it, but through understanding theologically that all of God's revelation to man is about and through Jesus Christ, God's incarnate Word. It is a theological mandate to preach Christ to all men from all the Scriptures. Christ-centered preaching is "theology on fire" with Jesus Christ.
Objections to Christ-centered preaching
Some object to Christ-centered preaching from every text because we must be exegetically constrained by the subject matter of each text. Therefore, they say, it is legitimate to preach a sermon from an Old Testament or New Testament text without even mentioning Jesus Christ, His Person or His work.
This objection does not stand because exegesis of a text is only the foundation of preaching the meaning of the text enlightened by all of Scripture. We believe in the analogy of faith, or, Scripture interpreting Scripture. After studying all of Scripture, we understand that the meaning of any text or subject must be subservient to its place in the totality of the message of Scripture, which is Jesus Christ.
Others object that if we just preach expositionally through Scripture, we will give the whole counsel of God and eventually preach all of Christ over a period of time. So, we do not have to preach the Person and work of Jesus Christ in every text.
Neither does this objection stand up to the commands and examples of preaching in the Scripture. For example, if we preach through the Sermon on the Mount verse-by-verse, remaining strictly to each text, we must recognize that Christ Himself is not mentioned in most of the texts. However, we cannot preach any Beatitude without remembering WHO preached it, and how HE HIMSELF fulfilled it through His life and work. Who is more spiritually poor than the One who became sin for us? Who mourns more than the Man of Sorrows acquainted with grief? Who is more meek than He who emptied Himself unto death for others? Who hungered and thirsted for righteousness more than our dear Lord? Who was more merciful, pure in heart, peacemaking, or persecuted for righteousness sake than our Lord Jesus Christ? Who fulfilled the Law against murder, adultery, false vows, loving one's enemy more than Jesus Christ? Whose prayer life was more constant and humble than our dear Lord's?
Shall we wait in preaching Christ's Person and work in the Sermon on the Mount till the very end when He condemns false converts at the judgment? Of course not! The analogy of faith requires that we preach Him all through the text. Dr. Martyn Lloyd-Jones said:
The right use of systematic theology is, that when you discover a particular doctrine in your text, you check it, and control it, by making sure that it fits into this whole body of biblical doctrine which is vital and essential.
In other words, I am contending that our primary call is to deliver this whole message, this 'whole counsel of God', and that this is always more important that the particulars, the particular parts and portions.
Perhaps I can clarify this by reminding you that it is obvious that in New Testament times, and in the early days of the Christian Church, they did not preach in the manner that has become customary with us. They did not take a text out of the New Testament and analyse it and expound it and then apply it, because they did not have the New Testament. Well, what did they preach? They preached the great message that had been committed to them, this great body of truth, this whole doctrine of salvation. My argument is that this is what we should always be doing, though we do it through individual expositions of particular texts. That is, to me, in general the relationship between theology and preaching.[1]
Exegetical, expositional, Christ-centered preaching does not wait for weeks till we get to a text that verbally mentions Christ. It is "theology on fire" with Jesus Christ. It preaches Christ in all the Scriptures—in every sermon! It preaches the whole counsel of God to the whole man.
Dear preacher, is this how you preach Christ in all the Scriptures? Is this your controlling principle as you study each text? Is this how you preach "the whole counsel of God"? If it is not, you may be guilty of hiding Christ from your hearers. Instead, consider the whole message of the Bible as you preach each text. Let Scripture interpret Scripture!
Christ-centered preaching is mandated biblically and theologically in the Bible. We must be men saturated with Scripture and saturated with Christ revealed in Scripture so that we can set Him before the lost and found ears of our hearers. As an old Anglican, Bishop Reynolds, exhorted preachers:
Preach Christ Jesus the Lord. Determine to know nothing among your people, but Christ crucified. Let his name and grace, his spirit and love, triumph in the midst of all your sermons. Let your great end be to glorify him in the heart, to render him amiable and precious in the eyes of his people, to lead them to him, as a sanctuary to protect them, a propitiation to reconcile them, a treasure to enrich them, a physician to heal them, an advocate to present them and their services to God, as wisdom to counsel them, as righteousness to justify, as sanctification to renew, as redemption to save. Let Christ be the diamond to shine in the bosom of all your sermons.[2]
Christ-centered preaching is mandated by Scripture and best exampled by our Lord and His apostles. After many ages, it still must be our determination to know nothing among men but Jesus Christ and Him crucified, risen, exalted, and returning—both to sinners and to saints!¦
1D. Martyn Lloyd-Jones, Preaching and Preachers (London: Hodder and Staughton, 1972), 66–67. I believe this book to be the contemporary classic for preaching. Buy it and read it!.
2Charles Bridges, The Christian Ministry (Edinburgh: The Banner of Truth Trust), 258. This book, I believe, is the greatest work ever printed for the pastoral ministry outside the Bible. It is the primary textbook I would use to teach a course on pastoral theology. Buy it and read it, too!


text: Experimental data suggest that the maximum and minimum drag area (CDA) for a skydiver varies from about 0.85 m2 for a prone, spread-eagle position to about 0.11 m2 for vertical fall. Estimate the terminal speeds for a 75 kg skydiver in each position. Calculate the time and distance needed for the skydiver to reach 95 percent of terminal speed at an altitude of 3000 m on a standard day.


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Disney "Give a Day, Get a Disney Day" Rewards Volunteers
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Disney just announced that they would be kicking off a marketing campaign titled "Give a Day, Get a Disney Day" promotion. Starting January 1st, 2010, if you volunteer a day of community service at select charities, you can get a free one-day, one-park ticket. They will give out a million tickets until December 15th, or until they run out. The "Give a Day, Get a Disney Day" promotion is going to replace the current promotion where you can get free admission to the park on your birthday.
How do you participate? Visit's the Give a Day, Get a Disney Day page to sign up and look for an eligible volunteer opportunity in your area. You won't be able to sign up or search for opportunities until January 1st but you can sign up to get an email reminder when the program gets started.
I checked out the terms & conditions of the offer and it's fairly relaxed. There are some restrictions on when you can use the ticket (You can't enter Walt Disney World Resort between March 29th – April 8th, and July 4th; you can't enter Disneyland on February 13-14, March 21, June 21-22, July 4, NOvember 21, or December 11-12). Outside of the day restrictions, I don't see aren't any other notable or unexpected requirements (full terms & conditions).
Give a Day, Get a Disney Day [HandsOn Network]
(Photo: savannahgrandfather){ 13 comments, please add your thoughts now! }


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