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Colorado Senator Wayne Allard and Minnesota Congressman CollinPeterson have introduced legislation to eliminate a loophole inthe federal Animal Welfare Act which allows fighting birds tobe shipped from states where cockfighting is illegal to stateswhere the cruel "sport" is still allowed, Only threestates permit this inhumane, bloody activity: New Mexico, Louisianaand Oklahoma.Currently, law enforcement officers have a difficult time crackingdown on illegal cockfights in the 47 states where it is banned.When confronted, cockfighters merely claim that the fighting birdsin their possession are destined for shipment to a legal cockfightingstate. Prosecution of these unscrupulous cockfighters would befacilitated if the Allard bill (S. 345) and the Peterson bill(H.R. 1275) become law.
Cockfightingis a centuries-old bloodsport in which two ormore specially hired roosters are forced into a pit to fight surroundedby gambling onlookers. Often, one or both birds die as a resultof the fight because their feet are fitted with razor sharp steelknives. The birds may end up with punctured wings, broken bonesand pierced eyes. Even the battle's "winner" may ultimatelydie from injuries sustained inthe fight. And birds that survive but are deemed unfit to fightagain are either killed by their owner or simply thrown in a garbagecan to suffer and die.Independent of Senator Allard's federal legislative initiative,there is a move underway in Oklahoma to prohibit cockfightingwithin the state, joining Missouri and Arizona which just bannedcockfighting through citizen ballot initiatives last November.Oklahoma State Representative Charles Gray has introduced legislationto ban cockfighting specifically. Cockfighters in the state Suchas Walt Roberts, however, object to people trying "to endthe sport because it is not within their definition of what ishumane" according to Oklahoma's Tulsa World newspaper.
But Representative Gray is not alone in hisopposition to this horrible fighting. A statewide poll sponsoredby the Tulsa World revealed 2 to 1 opposition to cockfighting:if a cockfighting ban were put to a vote, 65 percent of Oklahomanswould vote in favor while only 30 percent would vote against.As long as there is powerful and vocal rural opposition in thestate, however, it is unlikely that the legislature would voteto end the cruel practice of cockfighting. This makes passageof Senator Allard's federal legislationall the more important.
AWI Quarterly, Spring 1999, Vol. 48, No.2, p. 10
by Tom Garrett
In 1998, the proliferation of hog factories, which has embroiledstate legislatures and county commissions for much of the decade,reached center stage as a national issue. On November 3, in thewords of the Wall Street Journal's Bruce Ingersoll, "Pigpolitics became big politics."
In the two states where the hog factory came directly beforethe people, the verdict was unequivocal. In Colorado, Initiative14, which places hog factories under moderately severe regulation,was approved by over 60% of the electorate. South Dakota AmendmentE, which bans corporate farming in the state altogether, gained59% of the popular vote despite a massive infusion of corporatecash and opposition from the state's Republican governor.
Lauch Faircloth was defeated by JohnEdwards (D, NC). Faircloth, according to CounterPunch (November1-15, 1998) "was part owner of Coharie Farms, the 30th largesthog producer in the country. Faircloth owned more than $1 millionworth of stock in two slaughterhouses. In Congress he attendedto the interests of the pig men as chairman of the Senate Subcommitteeon Clean Water, Wetlands, Private Property and Nuclear Safety."Environmentalists and small farmers across the state worked hardto defeat Faircloth. The Sierra Club flooded the airwaves withads linking Faircloth to water pollution and pfiesteria.
In Iowa, where hog factories haveblighted northern counties and driven most of Iowa's traditionalhog farmers out of business, the hog issue played heavily in DemocratTom Vilsack's crushing upset of Republican gubernatorial candidateJim Lightfoot. In neighboring Minnesota, Reform Party candidate,Jessie "The Mind" Ventura's victory sent a seismic shockthrough the American political establishment. The governor-electsupports a temporary moratorium on new hog factories.
Factory farming was also a factorin the unexpectedly severe defeat of anti-environmentalist Republicancandidate Ellen Sauerbrey by Maryland's incumbent governor, ParrisGlendening. Glendening received high marks for his crackdown onMaryland's huge chicken farms following the 1997 pfiesteria outbreakin the Chesapeake Bay area. Environmental protection was a definingissue in the campaign.
Despite political setbacks, the industryblitzkrieg shows no sign of abating. With the producer price ofhogs as Iowa as 9 cents a pound – the same price it was inthe Depression Era – the last of America's family hog farmersare being driven from the business, while corporations are engagedin a brutal battle for control of the hog market. In the meantime,thousands of citizens, from the New Melloray Monastery in Iowato Owyhee County, Idaho, are threatened by the insensate drivefor more, and still more, hog factories.
"It's ironic when you think about our heritage in South Dakota, "said Johnson, 41, who took over the family farm when his father had a stroke in 1981. "'Our ancestors left the landlords and kings in Europe to come here for their economic freedom, and now we're making the big corporations the new feudal rulers ... Sometimes I think nobody is paying attention while the big corporations are just taking over the whole farm economy and destroying an American way of life. " [Charlie Johnson a farmer from Madison, South Dakota]
The article quotes another farmer: "The feed comes from out of state, the hogs come from out of state and the hogs are shipped out of state for slaughter, " said Don Hoogestraat, who turned his third-generation family farm over to his son eight years ago. "That leaves us with nothing but the manure, and the farmer becomes a hired hand on his own farm. "
Hoogestmat, a former president of the South Dakota Pork Producers Council who is now critical of the council support of corporate-backed farming, accused big hog-producers of engaging in "planned overproduction" to temporarily drive pork prices down and force more family farms into contract feeding agreements. Earlier this month the price of hogs dropped to a 27-year low of 15 cents a pound in Sioux Falls – half of what it costs to produce – and in some parts of the country prices have dropped to less than 10 cents a pound.
Traditional farming operationstreated animals as individuals. A farmer knew the personalitiesof his milk cows as well as he did those of neighboring farmers.I knew which of my sows liked to have her back and ears scratched– and which one would try to viciously bite if I approached.When ewes rejected their lambs, we brought them into the houseand fed them from a bottle. As a small child, I knew which ofthe old roosters would attack me (some roosters are just damnedmean) and which could be carried around in my red wagon.
Somewhere between my childhood inthe 1940s and the 1970s, something went terribly wrong in foodproduction. Schools of agriculture and the USDA, taking theirmarching orders from agribusiness implement and chemical companiesstarted preaching the adoption of the Industrial Model. Get bigor get out. Volume of production is more important than quality.
A diversified, sustainable systemof integrated crops and animal production was abandoned in favorof monocultures. Farmers became specialists. Some grew only cornand soy beans. Others developed huge dairy or beef feedlot operations.This move had nothing at all to do with needing to feed the world,and everything to do with concentration of food production, andprofits, into the hands of a few large corporations. Market controlwas the goal. Not many more hogs or chickens are being grown todaythan in the past – only the methods have changed.
Poultry was the first to totallyconvert to the industrial model. Today there are almost no independentpoultry growers, all are either owned by or under contract withlarge corporations. The hog industry is going the same direction.
So what? Well, animals are now raisedin huge confinement structures, crammed in small pens or cages,given antibiotics to combat diseases (that can run rampant insuch stressful conditions). One conveyor brings in food, anothersystem transports out excrement. From a rather idyllic existenceon the family farm to a unit of production, packed in with thousandsof other units of production, animals are now treated as onlya product – much as any other industrial product. Just widgets.
Chickens raised for broilers for massconsumption are now grown in confinement structures that containup to 22,000 birds. Hatching to slaughter is only eight weeks.Those drumsticks at Kentucky Fried Chicken are from a two-monthold chicken. The methods of production are nasty, brutish, andshort.
Hogs are raised in arguably worseconditions. Mortality rates are very high. Sows in gestation stallsand farrowing crates cannot turn around. In the "finishinghouses" where pigs are fed from around 55 pounds to slaughtersize, there are from 1,200 to 2,500 hogs in a building. Emissionsof hydrogen sulfide and ammonia from excrement and urine are sostrong that large exhaust fans must run constantly to remove thetoxic gases from the houses. If the fans shut off for more than15 minutes, hogs begin succumbing to the gases.
In the heat of summer, the overcrowdedconditions in poultry operations lead to massive die-offs. Duringthe record breaking heat-wave last year in Texas, Oklahoma andArkansas, millions and millions of hens and broilers suffocatedin their packed cages. All the media focused on was the monetarylosses were to the owners and growers, not to the miserable deathsof millions of living creatures.
Chickens also suffer from the misfortunesof their owners or growers. In southwest Missouri, a bankruptpoultry house owner simply walked away and left 12,000 hens tostarve and die. Two years later, the skeletons of thousands ofhens remain packed in their little cages in a crumbling poultryhouse overgrown with weeds. A horror story in the best StephenKing tradition – and one that pretty much sums up industrial-strengthhog, chicken and egg production.
Ken Midkiff, formerly a hog farmer,now is the Director of the Missouri Sierra Club
In 1958, following overwhelming publicsupport, the Humane Slaughter Act was adopted. In 1978, the FederalMeat Inspection Act was amended to empower USDA inspectors tostop the slaughter line on the spot if any cruelty is observed.Once the line has stopped, slaughter may not legally recommenceuntil deficiencies, whether of equipment, or of abuses by personnel,are corrected. Since that time the public has assumed that thelaw has been enforced. Gail Eisnitz' s 1997 book, Slaughterhouse(see AWI Quarterly Fall 1997), was a rude awakeningto the fact that deregulation had caused enormous speed-ups inthe slaughter line so that animals were no longer being slaughteredin conformity with the law. On the contrary, the book revealedthat fully conscious pigs and cows were being beaten, strangled,scalded, skinned and dismembered in the nation's slaughterhouses.
Two government reports, "Surveyof Stunning and Handling in Federally Inspected Beef, Veal, Pork,and Sheep Slaughter, Plants" January 7, 1997) and "SpecialSurvey on Humane Slaughter and Ante-Mortem Inspection" (March1998) provide further documentation of the failure of slaughterplants to handle and kill animals humanely. Many apparent violationsof federal law were found despite the fact that the these inspectionsof slaughter plants were announced in advance, providing ampleopportunity for plant managers to cover-up.
The 1997 report documented excessiveuse of electric prods, slippery floors and hazardous ramps, citing64% of the slaughter plants visited for ineffective use of captivebolt stunners to render animals unconscious and insensible. The1998 report noted that "it is considered inhumane to allowan animal to regain consciousness after the stunning procedure,so the bleeding should be done as quickly as possible after stunning."Yet, 57.6% of the plants permitted a lengthy period of time betweenstunning and bleeding. The report concludes that 28% of the plantsvisited have "serious problems." A detailed resolutioncalling for strong enforcement of the Humane Slaughter Act waspresented to the United States Animal Health Association's AnimalWelfare Committee by AWI's Director Cathy Liss. The USAHA representsfederal and state regulatory veterinarians throughout the nationand has done so since its founding in 1897. Seeking to quash attentionto this issue, a representative of the Livestock Marketing Associationobjected to virtually all of the text claiming it could not besubstantiated. The industry representative even objected to textcited from the two government studies, claiming that these studies,too, could not be substantiated. In the interest of obtainingthe necessary votes to adopt a resolution in support of the HumaneSlaughter Act, a compromise version was agreed. The final resolution,which appears in the box, was adopted by the Animal Welfare Committeeof the USAHA. On the following day it was adopted by the fullboard of the Association.
THE UNITED STATES ANIMAL HEALTH ASSOCIATION ENCOURAGES STRONG EN- FORCEMENT OF THE FEDERAL HUMANE SLAUGHTER ACT BY USDA's FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE TO PREVENT ABUSES TO ANIMALS PROTECTED UNDER THE ACT.
(The mission of USAHA is to be a forum for communication and coordination among state and federal governments, universities, industry and other groups on issues of animal health and disease control, animal welfare, food safety and public health.)
As of January, four widely used growth-enhancingantibiotic drugs will be banned for use in the European Union.
Unlike therapeutic or medicinal drugs,sub-therapeutic drugs are not used to help a sick animal recover,but rather to induce rapid and unnatural growth or keep a stressedanimal from dying while in cruel factory farms. Up to 80 percentof all Europe's cattle, sheep, pigs, and poultry are given sub-therapeuticantibiotics.
Britain, Sweden, Germany, and Franceled the campaign to exclude the use of the drugs as growth-enhancers.Three nations, Spain, Portugal, and Belgium abstained from thevote, arguing that the ban will push up the price of meat. Denmarkand Sweden already enforce a unilateral ban on sub-therapeuticdrugs.
Several large agencies, includingthe World Health Organization, The British House of Lords, andthe British National Consumer Council have spoken out againstsub-therapeutic drugs. The Soil Association, representing Britain'sorganic farmers, reports that the use of antibiotics had increasedby up to 150 times in the past 30 years. Their press release reads,"We must create a new climate in which animals are kept inmore natural, less stressful conditions and are routinely treatedwith respect, rather than antibiotics."
Controversy over the labelling of organicanimal products was resolved by a January 14, 1999 decision ofthe US Department of Agriculture. By early spring, stores willhave USDA certified products. The organic label means that animalshave not been confined to the dreadful factory farms wherethey are virtually immobilizedin tiny cages andstalls during their entire lives of painful imprisonment.Instead, the animals must have access to pasture, fresh air andsunshine and not be given growth hormones or sub-therapeutic antibiotics.
AWI Quarterly Fall/Winter1998-1999, Vol. 47/48, No. 4/1
Emily the cow was on her way to a slaughterhouse in Hopkinton,Massachusetts in November 1995, when she evidently decided shewould rather be free. The three-year-old, 1,400-pound holsteinheifer bravely leaped over a five-foot fence. For 40 days and40 nights following her daring escape, she managed to live inthe woods around the town, foraging for food and hobnobbing witha herd of deer.
As the escaped cow cleverly evaded capture, people began rootingfor her. Emily's partisans left out hay for her and shielded herwhereabouts from authorities and from the slaughterhouse's employees."Like some bovine pimpernel," reported People magazine,"she was sought everywhere but never captured."
Emily's story excited the interest of animal lovers Meg and LewisRanda, who have given many animals sanctuary at their Life ExperienceSchool, a school for children with special needs in Sherborn,Massachusetts. The A. Arena & Sons slaughterhouse ended upselling Emily to the Randas for $1, reasoning that the cow hadrun off much of her value.
Meg Randa, who took great care to assure Emily that she and herfamily were vegetarians, coaxed the elusive heifer into a trailerwith a bucket of feed. The Randas had their Christmas dinner outsidein the barn with Emily, who now lives, and serves as a teacher,at the Life Experience School.
This cow-rageous Holstein has become quite famous, as her storyhas appeared in countless newspaper and magazine articles, aswell as coverage by CBS and a forthcoming children's book. Thereare rumors of a film being planned, but Emily is keeping quietabout whether she is destined to become a ruminant movie star.
Emily has become something of a cult figure, as sympathizers havepledged in her presence to stop eating meat. She has also beenbovine-of-honor at a human wedding that took place in the Randas'barn.
AWI Quarterly Winter 1996, Vol. 45, No. 1, p. 12.
by Viktor and Annie Reinhardt
It is commonly believed that calves must be artificially weaned so thatthe cow gives birth at the most frequent possible intervals. We had theunique opportunity to question the justification of this belief by comparingthe reproductive performance of 18 cows who were allowed to raise theircalves beyond the age of natural weaning with the reproductive performanceof 96 other cows who were subjected to the traditional forced weaning managementsystem. Both categories of cows lived on the same ranch, in herds of approximately50 animals including two mature bulls per herd.
The calves of the "managed" cows were taken away from theirmothers at the age of about eight months and raised in separate groups.Shortly thereafter, the mothers were also removed from the original herdand re-grouped in other herds. These artificial disruptions of social relationshipswere extremely disturbing for the animals, and it took several days oreven weeks until they calmed down again and established new relationshipswith the members of the new groups.
The calves of the "semi-wild" cows were naturally weaned bytheir mothers: female calves at the age 7-12 months, male calves at theage of 9-14 months. The weaning did not impair in any way the affectionatebond between mother and calf. In fact, the mother-calf bond was the foundationof the herd's cohesive social structure (see photo).
The performance of cattle is usually assessed by calculating the timelapse between two births. This so-called calving interval averaged 388days in the semi-wild cows, versus 494 days in the managed cows.
The difference of 106 days was statistically significant, indicatingthat the performance was enhanced when the calves were allowed to staywith their mother rather than when they were artificially weaned by beingtaken away from the maternal herd.
The better performance of the semi-wild cows could not be attributedto different climatic or nutritional conditions. In contrast to the managedcows, however, the semi-wild cows lived in a stable social environment.It was probably this stability of the social environment that accountedfor the animals' better reproductive performance. Artificially breakingnot only the bond between mothers and their still nursing calves but alsofriendship relationships between the mothers and other herd members, apparently,constituted a severe stress situation for the managed cows which resultedin a depression of their reproduction.
Our observations challenge the inertia of tradition, demonstrating thatreproduction of beef cattle is enhanced rather than reduced whencows are allowed to wean their calves at the biologically determined age.Interfering in biological processes may satisfy man's ambition to havecontrol over them, but this is bound to have unforeseen repercussions ifthe biological process is not properly understood. Interfering in the naturalweaning process of cattle not only inflicts avoidable emotional pain butit also unnecessarily diminishes the animal's natural reproductive potential.
AWI Quarterly Spring/Summer 1997, Volume 46, Numbers 2 &3
by Marlene Hoefner, Marion Staack and Detlef W. Foelsch
Neither thousands of years domestication nor the recent extreme selective breeding for productivity have fundamentally altered the behavior of chickens. This has to be kept in mind when suitable housing for chickens is designed. The different behaviors shown by chickens can be categorized as follows:
Foraging behavior includes searching and finding food, scratching, and drinking.
Chickens spend 35 to 50% of the day scratching and pecking for food. A lot of different food items such as seeds, fruits, grass, insects, worms and berries are consumed by chickens if they are available to them. If the animals do not spend a major portion of the day foraging because of freely accessible standardized food, such as meal or pellets, they tend to peck, pull and tear at objects or conspecifics , and often develop feather pecking behavior.
Locomotive behavior includes walking, running, flying and wing flapping.
Studies have shown that hens walk about 1 to 1.5 km (0.6-0.9 mi.) per day and that they fly to and from elevated places if they have the opportunity to do so.
Resting behavior includes standing, lying, sleeping, and dozing. Chickens prefer to sleep on elevated places rather than on ground. Therefore, they should always have access to perches.
Maintenance or Comfort behavior includes preening, stretching, flapping, dustbathing, sunbathing and body shaking. To keep their feathers in good condition, chickens must be able to preen themselves and take dustbaths. They will frequently sunbathe if they are given the opportunity. Daylight controls and triggers may of their physiological processes. It also stimulates their metabolism, plays an important part in the formation of red and white blood cells and vitamin D, and promotes the secretion of hormones necessary for growth and reproduction.
Social behavior includes conspecific-oriented pecking, threatening, chasing, kicking, fighting, avoiding, crouching, vocalizing, and reproductive behavior.
In the wild, hens and cocks of different ages lie in small groups and form a cohesive community. One cock lives in a group with about seven hens. The social structure of a flock depends on physiological, psychological and physical state of each member and is influenced by the appearance of the individuals-for example, whether the hen is ill or injured, is moulting, is brooding or has chicks. A stable rank order is formed within a small group of chickens on the basis of personal preference, threat and avoidance behavior, and factors such as age and the size of the comb.
Social interactions can be friendly (positive), for example a cock calling his hens to a food source, or they can be agonistic (negative), for example one hen chasing another hen away from a limited food source.
by Henry Spira
Does the recent announcement of sweeping new changes to meat inspectionopen opportunities to push the farm animal welfare issue onto the nationalagenda? Harmful bacteria kill more than 4,000 people a year and sickenfive million. The new policy calls for a more scientific approach to detectingE. coli and salmonella in meat and poultry. But just like the old policy,the focus remains on dealing with effects and ignoring causes. It coversup the consequences of the stressful conditions in which this country'sfarm animals are raised.
Today's endemic disease in farm animals is not the natural order ofthings. One need only see the filthy and cramped environments in whichtoday's chickens, turkeys, pigs and veal calves are raised to see the reasonfor the epidemic. When living beings are crammed indoors on a thick bedof fecal waste and forced to spend a lifetime choking on ammonia fumes,is it so surprising that the end result is diseased meat?
As the intensity of confinement has increased, so has the prevalenceof food borne diseases. The direct relationship between stress and diseaseis well documented. In humans and other animals.
There's an urgent need to focus on the causes of these illnesses andon prevention. It is universally recognized that prevention is more costeffective and more conducive to promoting well-being than treating diseasesafter the fact.
Such a prevention campaign could begin by examining the connection betweenthe escalating abuses of intensive confinement systems, the parallel demiseof animal health and the increase of food borne illnesses in humans whoeat them.
While our ideal is the non-violent dinner table, we recognize that eatinghabits tend to change slowly. As long as people continue to consider animalsas edibles, we need to relentlessly pressure industry and government todevelop, promote and implement humane standards in the rearing, transportand handling of farm animals. Reducing farm animal suffering would benefitboth the public and the animals.
There's another critical defect which remains unaddressed in the newprocedures. The USDA is mandated, by law, to both assure the safety ofmeat and at the same time promote the meat industry.
The futility of the government taking on conflicting roles was recentlydemonstrated by the ValuJet disaster. Just as in the case of aviation,the government cannot be an advocate for food safety while simultaneouslypromoting the meat industry.
Why the government should spend taxpayer dollars to market meat productsfor a multi-billion dollar industry defies logic. The health risks associatedwith a meat-centered diet are increasingly well documented. Would governmentmoney not be better spent in protecting public health? Current thinkingseems to be that the government should get out of the business of promotingthe airlines. It doesn't belong in the business of promoting meat either.
Henry Spira, Coordinator of Animal Rights International, was awardedAWI's 1996 Albert Schweitzer Medal .
AWI Quarterly Spring/Summer 1996, Volume 45, Numbers 2 &3
For decades, the well-being of farm animals has been a largely ignoredissue. So it may come as a surprise that most Americans want animals tobe protected from cruelty. This is the overall finding of a recent telephonesurvey of 1,012 adults by the Opinion Research Corporation of Princeton,New Jersey, for Animal Rights International.
The survey found that 93% of US adults agreed that animal pain and sufferingshould be reduced as much as possible even though the animals are goingto be slaughtered anyway.
Nine out of ten adult Americans also disapprove of current methods ofraising food animals in spaces so confining that sows and calves can'teven turn around and that laying hens are unable to stretch their wings.
With these concerns, it's hardly surprising that more than eight outof ten people think the meat and egg industries should be held legallyresponsible for protecting farm animals from cruelty. And that 91% thinkthe US Department of Agriculture should be involved in protecting farmanimals from cruelty.
What may well alarm corporate executives is that on top of this, 58%of the public also believes that fast food restaurants and supermarkets,who profit from factory intensive farming, should be held legally responsiblefor protecting farm animals from cruelty.
Too often, in the past, animal protectionists have ignored the 95% ofanimals who do not necessarily rank high in popularity. But, this studyshows that the American public cares about all vulnerable animals. And,as demonstrated by the recent successful campaign to abolish the face brandingof cattle, they are ready to confront and challenge abuses in animal agriculture.
As the public focuses on the horrors of factory farming, smart-thinking,image-conscious corporations, who profit from animal agriculture, woulddo well to respond swiftly and pro-actively. The alternative will almostcertainly be a consumer backlash as animal protectionists begin to launchpublic awareness campaigns. In this connection, we have begun to use thesurvey to talk with major companies such as Campbell Soup, Heinz and PepsiCoabout setting humane animal standards for themselves and their suppliers.This was the successful formula which energized Revlon and the whole cosmeticsindustry in the 1980s.
Pressures on the meat-industrial complex will continue to intensifyfrom all directions. In addition to farm animal well-being issues, intensiveconfinement systems will be increasingly challenged on the grounds of publichealth, protecting the environment, feeding the starving millions and leavingsome quality of life for future generations.
AWI Quarterly Fall 1995, Volume 44, Number 4
"If, as Mahatma Gandhi states, 'The greatness of a nation and itsmoral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated', the UnitedStates is being left behind by much of Western Europe." So says DavidWolfson in a soon to be published study documenting the fact that presentlaws are of no help to the cruel realities suffered by seven billion farmanimals. Wolfson, an attorney in a major international law firm, suggeststhat while farm animals have no real legal protection, society perceivesthat they do.
As outlined by Wolfson, laws give the perception of protecting farmanimals but, in reality, provide little or no protection. Federal law failsto provide any protection to farm animals on the farm. Moreover, whilemany state cruelty laws still cover farm animals in theory, they are rarelyif ever applied. And most disconcerting is the trend of farm animals beingincreasingly excluded from the reach of state cruelty laws.
At present, 25 states exclude "accepted farming practices"from the reach of such cruelty laws. Nineteen states amended their statutesin the last twelve years. Eleven of these amended their statutes in thelast six years and in just the past year, two states amended their statecruelty statutes to exclude accepted animal agricultural practices. Theresult is that any "accepted farming practice" is legally permitted-- no matter how cruel. Obviously, there would be no need to amend statecruelty laws were there not the fear that accepted practices would be judgedcruel. In effect, Wolfson states, animal agriculture has been left to regulateitself.
Consequently, our legal system appears to acquiesce to dragging a halfdead cow, chained around her hind leg, through the stockyards and keepingcalves deliberately anemic by depriving them of the most basic foods andwater while imprisoning them in wooden crates for their entire short, utterlymiserable lives. "The reality in the US", says Wolfson "isthat our society, through its laws, seemingly condones cruelty to animals."
Is this how the American public wants farm animals to be treated? Muchhas happened in the past few years to suggest that not only are increasingnumbers of people opposed to the routine and needless misery inflictedon seven billion farm animals each year, but that industry and governmentare finally beginning to respond to the public's concerns
Encouraging developments include USDA's rapidly halting the face brandingof Mexican cattle in the wake of widespread public outrage. And the USDAthen following through by placing the issue of farm animal well-being ontheir agenda. Earlier, the American Meat Institute issued groundbreakingguidelines promoting the humane handling and transport of animals. MajorAmerican slaughter houses have recently replaced the shackling and hoistingof large conscious animals. And fast food giant McDonald's has told itssuppliers to adhere to guidelines for more humane treatment of farm animals.
These reforms are encouraging. Still, life for farm animals has neverbeen more miserable. Today, the only limits to increasing the confinementand trauma of farm animals are economic. The only reason they don't crammore laying hens into a cage is because the increased mortality would makeit less profitable. The same thing holds true for the pigs and veal calvesroutinely denied the most basic freedoms to turn around, lie down, andextend their limbs.
The enormous response to our recent campaign to end the face brandingof Mexican cattle suggests that the public will not tolerate animal abuseif it is made aware of the facts. But, as Wolfson notes, the public believesthat "although we eat animals, there are laws which prevent theseanimals from being treated cruelly." In reality, farm animals arebeing subjected to ever more stressful confinement systems and have nolegal protection.
How do we proceed? The public may want to replace or reduceits consumption of meat. At a minimum we can all agree that as long asthe public eats meat, there's a need to refine current methodsof animal agriculture. But in order to make informed choices, we need toknow the realities of confinement systems, transport, handling, and slaughterof farm animals. We also need to understand the lack of legal protectionfor farm animals and the need for a farm animal protection bill. The USDAand producer groups must be encouraged to promote the well-being of farmanimals. Users of the products of animal agriculture need to enforce morehumane standards for their suppliers.
Until the seven billion farm animals do have legal protection, agribusinessesneed to respond rapidly and substantively to emerging public concerns.If they don't, let's place them in the unenviable position of having topublicly defend their right to be cruel.
USDA Reviews Livestock Care and Handling atNation's Stockyards
In October, the US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Packers and StockyardsAdministration announced completion of its review of handling practices,services, and facilities in US stockyards. USDA conducted the review inresponse to public complaints of cruel treatment of downed animals at stockyards."Downers" are animals who are unable to walk or stand withoutassistance.
USDA sent warning letters to 52 markets, citing practices that mustbe corrected or discontinued immediately. Eighty one downed animals wereobserved at 66 markets. A total of 1,415 markets were inspected. USDA issuedadministrative complaints against two stockyards for the manner in whichthey handled downed animals. In addition, seven warning letters were sentto markets for failure to provide proper care and handling of downed animals.
Downers suffer horribly, particularly during transport. When callingfor support of a 1992 Senate bill requiring the humane euthanasia of downedlivestock, the Eau Claire, Wisconsin Country Today stated: "Withthe exception of a rare injury during trucking to a livestock auction houseor slaughterhouse, an animal that cannot walk off a truck when it arrivesat an auction point or slaughterhouse is an animal that was too ill tobe shipped in the first place."
Henry Spira, who has been active in human and animal rights movementsfor half a century, has coordinated successful campaigns to promote alternativesto the use of animals in laboratories. He has been a merchant seaman, autoassembly line worker, Journalist, teacher, and an activist for civil rightsand trade union democracy. He is now focusing on the plight of seven billionfarm animals and plans to write a column regularly for the AWI Quarterly.
AWI Quarterly Winter 1995, Volume 44, Number 1, p.11
The 42nd Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology will be held at University College Dublin, Ireland from 5-9 August 2008. Our aim is to make the congress dynamic with a new approach to workshops that will facilitate the exchange of ideas between participants. For more information, click here.
Trenton, NJ (July 11, 2007) - New Jersey's Supreme Court has granted a petition to hear a landmark case challenging the state's "humane" standards for the treatment of farm animals. These regulations currently permit numerous inhumane practices, including housing pregnant pigs for months at a time in cramped gestation crates, tethering and confining calves raised for veal until they are sent to slaughter, and performing mutilations without anesthesia—including castration, de-beaking, de-toeing and tail docking.
The Animal Welfare Institute is part of a broad coalition of humane organizations, farmers, veterinarians, and environmental and consumer groups that petitioned the court in April 2007 to reverse a lower court's February 16, 2007 ruling upholding the New Jersey Department of Agriculture's (NJDA) approval of some of the most egregious factory farm abuses as "humane." The appeal goes beyond any previous legal action taken on behalf of farm animals in that it seeks a judicial declaration that many common factory-farming practices are inhumane under New Jersey law.
Please visit www.AnimalWelfareApproved.org, the new website for the Animal Welfare Approved standards program.
Please Help These Chickens
You may think you're looking at rabbits. But according to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), you're looking at chickens. And chickens, says the USDA, are not really animals.
Animal Welfare Institute and Humane Farming Association release new video footage entitled "Scenes from USDA Inspected Slaughterhouses" To view video click here.
Our food supply is undergoing fundamentalchange with serious consequences for animals, our water, our healthand our nation's family farms. Today, a small group of giant agribusinesscorporations control most of our nation's poultry, beef and porkproduction. To maximize profits, these corporations have imposedfactory production processes on animals, family farmers, consumers,and the environment.
The Animal Factory System
Standardization. Animal factoriesseek to produce a uniform product with predictable costs. To thisend, animals are bred to be genetically similar and to produceas much meat, as fast as possible at as low a cost as possible.For instance, most broiler chickens come from only seven differentgenetic lines. This lack of genetic diversity makes virtuallythe entire nation's poultry supply vulnerable to an epidemic.Overbreeding also produces chickens with breasts so large thatsometimes they can't stand up, causing painful blisters and ultimatelydeath through starvation.
Concentration and confinement. Animal factories concentratethousands, sometimes tens of thousands, of animals into multipleindustrial barns. Large animals, like hogs, are kept in tightmetal cages throughout their entire lives. Industrial hog barnsare often windowless and contain as many as 4,000 hogs, confinedin metal pens built over slatted concrete floors. Factory-farmedpoultry are crowded into long industrial houses containing asmany as 25,000 birds. Hundreds of thousands of egg-laying hensspend their lives in tiny battery cages, which give each hen spaceno bigger than the piece of paper this article is printed on,stacked high in giant barns.
Contract system. Under the factory system, most farmersdo not own the animals they raise. Instead, local family farmersraise animals under a contract which requires them to providetheir labor, pay the energy and water costs and borrow the fundsto build the industrial barns and other facilities. The giantagribusiness corporations supply the animals, the feed and additives.A handful of very large corporations control the animal market.These "Big-Ag" corporations squeeze every last bit ofprofit from contract growers and the animals, forcing farmersto raise more animals for less pay under increasingly dangerousworking conditions.
Poisoning Our Water
One hog produces as much feces as four humans. North Carolina's7,000,000 factory raised hogs create four times as much waste– stored in reeking, open cesspools – as the state's6.5 million people. The Delmarva peninsula's 600 million chickensproduce 400,000 tons of manure a year; manure that contains asmuch phosphorus as the waste from a city the size of Los Angeles,and as much nitrogen as the waste from a city the size of NewYork. When this manure is inappropriately applied to land as fertilizer,as it often is, nutrients run off into waterways, poisoning wholewatersheds with excess amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus. Run-offfrom poultry and swine manure has been implicated in the outbreakof Pfiesteria piscicida, a tiny but deadly organism whichhas sickened humans and killed billions of fish along Atlanticcoastal bays.
Animal factory manure may also contain environmental estrogens.These estrogens bio-accumulate and drain into waterways, interferingwith aquatic reproductive cycles. In Israel, this run-off hasbeen implicated in the mass stetilization of fish in the Sea ofGalilee.
Risking Our Health
The animal factory system adds antibiotics and heavy metals,like arsenic and copper, to animal feed to promote rapid growthand prevent epidemic levels of disease among confined animals.Routine use of antibiotics call breed drug-resistant bacteriawhich enter our water and our food chain, threatening human health.
Young children and the elderly are particularly at risk fromthese resistant bacteria. Currently, poultry and hog corporationsfeed their animals sub-therapeutic levels of the latest generationof antibiotics, leaving human populations potentially vulnerableas a result. The US Food and Drug Administration is trying, againststrong industry resistance, to ban much of animal factory antibioticuse. Such use is already restricted in the European Union.
Animal factory production is inherently inhumane. It representsa fundamental violation of nature, with broad consequences forour physical and spiritual health. How our food is raised, matters.When living creatures are brutally transformed into factory unitsof production it desensitizes the human consciousness to the environmentand all of its inhabitants – further alienating us from thenatural processes upon which our lives depend.
We simply must abolish animal factories and pursue more sustainable,humane ways to raise our food.
Chris Bedford is the Chair of the Maryland Chapter of theSierra Club.
To help end mistreatment of farmanimals, the Animal Welfare Institute is supporting the NimanRanch Company and its network of familyhog farmers who follow humane husbandry criteria developed bythe Animal Welfare Institute. AWI's criteria require that allanimals be allowed to behave naturally. Unlike the crated sowson factory farms, the sows in the Niman Ranch program have freedomof movement, allowing them to fulfill their instinctive desireto build a nest when they are about to give birth. Unlike thefactory farm pigs housed on concrete slats over manure pits, NimanRanch pigs are raised on pasture or in barns with bedding wherethey can live in accord with their natures, rooting for food,playing and socializing. AWI's criteria require that the participantsin the program be independent family farmers, that is, the farmermust own the animals, depend on the farm for a livelihood andbe involved in the day to day physical labor of managing the pigs.This requirement helps to ensure that pigs are raised in modestnumbers, making it easier to know and manage the animals as individuals.
Niman Ranch, which buys the pigs and markets the meat, alsoforbids feeding or otherwise administering hormones or antibioticsand prohibits the feeding of animal by-products. Unlike factoryfarmers, humane farmers in the Niman Ranch program do not relyon antibiotics to mask clinical manifestations of disease or topromote growth; therefore, they do not contribute to the devastatingproblem of antibiotic resistance among humans.
Paul Willis, the farmer who inspiredAWI's involvement in the program, keeps 200 sows and their offspringon pasture or in barns bedded with straw on his Midwest farm.Niman Ranch rewards Willis, and farmers like him, by paying thema premium price. Niman Ranch products are available at 200 finerestaurants in California, at Trader Joe's stores in the West,at Whole Foods stores in northern California, and through theWilliams-Sonoma mail order catalogue. Additional markets are beingdeveloped nationwide. In a 1995 Opinion Research Corporation survey,93% of the adults surveyed believed that animals should be treatedhumanely, even when being raised for human consumption, and three-fourthsopposed confining sows in crates, laying hens in battery cagesand veal calves in crates. The Niman Ranch program gives a growingnumber of such consumers an opportunity to reject meat derivedfrom pigs raised in animal factories and assists in the preservationof humane family farms, thereby helping to set a humane standardin raising of animals for food.
A St. Louis Circuit Court jury recently awarded $5.2 millionin damages to 52 rural citizens subjected to odors, flies andwaste spills from Continental Grain Company's sprawling northernMissouri hog operations. The lawsuit, in which the jury deemedContinental's facilities a "continuing public nuisance,"is one of the first in the nation where farmers and rural residentshave legally and successfully held a corporate hog factory giantaccountable for its degradation of property values and rural qualityof life.
On July 29, declining to join forces with the DepartmentofJustice/Environmental Protection Agency and a Missouri citizen'sgroup, Missouri's Attorney General filed a consent judgement settlingall of the state's claims against Continental Grain-Premium StandardFarms, including a July 28 spill which dumped over 12,000 gallonsof shog manure into a local stream.
The sweetheart deal allows Continental Grain-Premium StandardFarm to pollute without penalty for the next three to five yearswhile it spends $12.5 to S25 million to research, develop andadopt unspecified "technology" to "reduce or eliminate"its pollution problems. The settlement does not set water or airquality standards to be met by the company.
A federal judge is expected to rule shortly on the July 22Department of Justice motion to intervene on behalf of EnvironmentalProtection Agency in the pending suit by Citizens Legal EnvironmentalAction Network against Premium Standard Farms.
AWI Quarterly Summer 1999, Vol. 38, No. 3
Animal Welfare Approved Surpasses Other Seals; First Humane Program to Champion Family Farms and Repudiate Double Standards in Other Labeling Programs
New Standards Supported by Farmers, Top Chefs and Notables Such as Willie Nelson, Rosemary Harris and Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.
by Ronnie Cummins
Monsanto has suffered a number of technological and public relations"glitches" over the past few years, including the massive marketplace failureof its billion-dollar flagship product, rBGH. After three years on themarketplace, only 4% of America's dairy cows are being shot up with thedrug. Wall Street analysts told Business Week magazine in 1996 that dueto farmer and consumer opposition (and the fact that rBGH damages thehealth of cows) the drug was a total failure, and that in economic terms itshould be taken off the market. [Editor's note: rBGH has been reliablylinked to health problems that cause extreme suffering to cows, includingmastitis, a painful inflammation of the udder. See the Spring/Summer1997 AWI Quarterly for more details.]
In scientific and public health terms, data continues to pile up thatsignificantly increased levels of the human growth hormone factor IGF-1in genetically engineered milk and dairy products constitute a serioushuman health risk for increased breast and colon cancer. In addition,scientific studies have recently been brought to the attention of the WorldHealth Organization that injecting mammals with genetically engineeredgrowth hormones very likely increases their susceptibility to deadly,incurable brain-wasting diseases such as BSE, commonly known as MadCow Disease, or its human variant, Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease. Consequentlythe WHO, the European Union, and the Codex Alimentarius areunlikely to ever approve rBGH as a safe drug, leaving the U.S. as the onlyindustrialized nation in the world to have approved rBGH.
Other troubles for Monsanto's genetically engineered products continueto mount: in mid-1996 Monsanto/Calgene's highly-touted "FlavrSavr" tomato was taken off the market, ostensibly because of productionfailures and genetic glitches; Monsanto's entire Canadian geneticallyengineered rapeseed or canola crop had to be recalled earlier this yearbecause of unexplained "technical difficulties"; and up to a million acresor 50% of Monsanto's Bt Cotton crop in the U.S. were attacked bybollworms in 1996, prompting lawsuits by outraged cotton growers whoclaim they were defrauded by Monsanto. Further, dairy cows eatingMonsanto's "Roundup Ready" soybeans are producing milk with differentchemical characteristics (higher fat levels) than cows who are eatingregular soybeans.
Ronnie Cummins is the National Director of the Pure FoodCampaign USA. For more information, write to: Pure FoodCampaign, 860 Highway 61, Little Marais, Minnesota 55614,or call (800) 253-0681.
More on Monsanto
A German activist who forwarded criticisms of Monsanto to anInternet mailing list found himself the target of the giant chemicalcorporation's lawyers—and the company lost.
Last winter, Werner Reisberger received a message from a group ofprotestors who were organizing an anti-Monsanto protest. The protestorscalled Monsanto "A corporation of poisons, genes and swindle." Reisbergerpassed the announcement on to an e-mail discussion list called GENESIS,which concerns food technology. The thin-skinned corporation suedReisberger, even though he was not the author of the message and thediscussion list only had 24 members.
"Monsanto claimed that I offended the company with the word'swindle' and endangered their creditworthiness," Reisberger wrote inEarth Island Journal. "They gave me three days to sign a declarationpromising never again to say, 'Monsanto, the corporation of swindle.'Every time I repeated this sentence, I would have to pay Monsanto100,000 DM ($66,666)."
Reisberger refused to sign, and a German court rejected all of Monsanto'sclaims and ordered the company to pay the court costs. Such hypersensitivelitigation only serves to make giant companies look silly, as Monsantoshould have learned from England's McLibel trial.
AWI Quarterly Fall 1997, Vol. 46, No. 4, p. 10.
Just when we feared that the large transnational corporations had co-opted the federal government and quelled the spirit of smaller companies, a press release from Ben and Jerry's arrived. They've won a lawsuit enabling them to label their ice cream with the statement: "We Oppose Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone. The family farmers who supply our milk and cream pledge not to treat their cows with rBGH."
Up to now, this fight has gone against the cows, the family farmers and the consumers ever since Monsanto persuaded the US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) to approve the corporation's "Posilac"—genetically engineered rBGH. FDA approved it and even refused to require labeling of milk from cows injected with the drug despite studies, some of which reported a 79% increase in mastitis (infection of the udder) resulting in greater need for antibiotics, reduced pregnancy rates, cystic ovaries and uterine disorders, digestive disorders and lacerations, enlargements and calluses of the knee.
According to Ben & Jerry's CEO, when FDA "approved voluntary labeling in 1994 but left regulation of labels to the states, we began contacting each state to get approval for our label. We sued the largest of them, Illinois, in federal court citing the Constitution's First Amendment protection of freespeech. We have the right to tell our customers what is and isn't in our ice cream."
Since 1994, Illinois has threatened to seize products having an anti-rBGH label, thereby effectively stopping such labeling throughout the country because it is not feasible for nationally distributed dairy products to be labeled differently in individual markets.
A 1996 poll commissioned by the US Department of Agriculture and performed by researchers at the Universities of Wisconsin and Oregon showed that 94 percent of more than 1,900 respondents surveyed nationwide favored labeling that would allow consumers to distinguish between milk fromcows treated with rBGH and milk from untreated cows. Other consumer surveys support this finding.
The FDA issued interim guidelines on voluntary labeling in February 1994, setting forth how labels could be worded so as to be truthful, not misleading, and in compliance with food and labeling law. Most states followed those guidelines, but a handful of states including Illinois refused to permit any anti-rBGHlabeling.
Ben and Jerry's CEO said he feels confident the label approved in this settlement with the State of Illinois and the City of Chicago addresses all legitimate concerns that could be raised by any state.
According to the Organic Valley cooperative, which supplies milk and cream to Ben & Jerry's, "The family farmers who make up the Organic Valley Family of Farms are in this business because we love cows. We would not knowingly subject our animals to a drug with side effects that could cause illness, death and create undue stress on the animal. Utilizing any genetically engineered product is counter to what we believe in."
From now on, humanitarians will be able to reject dairy products that don't have the anti-rBGH label and stop the spread of these cruel injections into helpless cows. It is a laudable precedent for other efforts to label products whose manufacture is injurious to animals. legislation on FDA rules regarding labeling is pending in Congress .
AWI Quarterly Spring/Summer 1997, Vol. 46, No.2 & 3, p. 17.
"Bovine Economics"
Having twins is usually a cause for celebration. But for a dairy farmer a cow that bears twin calves can be a bad omen: twin births weaken both the mother and her offspring. One or two sets of twins in any herd is par for the course, but when Lisbon, New York dairyman Jay Livingston discovered 20 sets of twins among his 200 milk-producing cows, it was a calamity. He lost little time in dispatching the 40 calves to the slaughterhouse where they were ground up for bologna and hot dogs. Many of the sickly mothers will soon follow their weakling calves, ending up as hamburger in the school lunch program.
The lot of these cows is more than an inexplicable twist of fate. Livingston had been injecting his herd with Monsanto's new genetically engineered growth hormone known as rBGH-trade name Posilac which promises to increase the amount of milk a cow produces....
For the first couple of months on rBGH "our cows seemed to be doing 0K" [Livingston] says. "Their milk production increased from 40 to 65 pounds per day. Then they just went all to pieces. We had a half a dozen die and then the rest started ''experiencing major health problems, cows went off their feed, experienced severe weight loss, mastitis and serious foot problems....
Dairy Profit Weekly, [an] industry report, quotes Mike Connor, a dairy nutritionist in Black Earthy County, Texas, who said two-thirds of his client farmers are phasing out rBGH. Noting recurrent side effects, he said, "Many concluded that the risk was not worth the benefit" Dick Bengen, an 800-cow dairy producer from Everson, Washington, recently told a Toronto dairy symposium that he had disappointing results using rBGH on his herd, saying that many of the cows with increased milk production require more feed. The extra costs -- a shot per cow every two weeks runs $5.80 -- and the additional feed made the economic gains marginal at best.
Excerpted from "Bovine Economics " by James Ridgeway. The article appeared in the March 28, 1995 issue of the Village Voice.
AWI Quarterly Spring 1995, Vol. 44, No.2 p. 16.
Congress Can Protect Dairy Cows
At a press conference on June 21, 1994, Congressman Bernard Sanders (Ind., VT), with the support of numerous animal protection, family farm, and consumer groups, announced the introduction of federal legislation, H.R. 4618, entitled the "Bovine Growth Hormone Milk Act."
The Congressman recognized that injections of recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH) make cows sick, citing that "the POSILAC (synthetic rBGH) label lists a variety (20) of adverse side effects." He continued:
It also warns that using synthetic rBGH may result in the use of more antibiotics, increasing the risk of antibiotics ending up in consumers' milk. The FDA calls this a 'manageable risk.' The question is, why are we taking any risk at all for a drug that no one, other than the Monsanto Company, needs or wants.
Congressman Sanders concluded, "There is no need for this inhumane treatment of cows."
Sanders' legislation requires the Secretary of Agriculture to label milk or a milk product intended for human consumption with the warning "This milk (product) was produced by cows injected with synthetic BGH" if it comes from injected cows. Such a label will enable American consumers to select dairy products that involve the least stress and suffering to the cows from which they come.
AWI Quarterly Spring 1994, Vol. 43, No.2 p. 11.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has given its stamp of approval to POSILAC, recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST), for commercial use. The giant Monsanto Company has spent an amazing $300 million to create and promote this dangerous growth hormone. Cows immobilized in their stanchions must submit biweekly to injections of POSILAC which force them to give unnaturally high amounts of milk. POSILAC's official FDA warning label reveals its threat to the cows' welfare:
Mastitis is a cruelly painful disease affecting the udders of dairy cows. Farmers try to treat it with antibiotics. Increased use of antibiotics for food-producing animals is a major cause of resistance to antibiotics when treating human bacterial infections. In addition, Dr. Samuel Epstein, Chairman of the Cancer Prevention Coalition, warns that higher levels of "Insulin-like Growth Factor-l" in the milk from treated cows may lead to human breast cancer.
The FDA's bias in approving use of POSILAC is accentuated by its refusal to require labeling of dairy products containing milk from POSILAC-injected cows. The Animal Welfare Institute strongly urged FDA to require such labeling. Compassionate consumers have the right to know that a dangerous product was used on the cows which provided their milk, similar to the right to know that tuna is "dolphin safe" or that cosmetics are "cruelty-free."
FDA contends that such labels would give "misleading implications" and that "No significant difference has been shown between milk derived from rBST-treated and non-rBST-treated cows."
This ignores the clear distinction between products from a healthy animal and products from a sick and suffering one.
This distinction is made clear by dairy farmer John Kurtz who used rBST on his herd. According to Kurtz: "What actually occurred, by the time we finished the second lactation, is that we had none of the cows that received rBST stay in the herd. 100% of the cows failed to conceive during the second lactation, we had 19 death loss, and we had 14.8% 'down cow' loss."
After being analyzed at the University of Minnesota, it was discovered that "these cows had taken so much calcium out of their skeleton, even their shoulder blades had a ripple effect like a ripple potato chip where they had pulled the calcium out of the skeleton to produce milk."
Monsanto, reacting to negative publicity and lack of support among many producers, is beginning to sue companies who refuse rBST-tainted products. Swiss Valley Farms of Davenport, Iowa now faces legal challenge from Monsanto for advertising that their milk is farm-certified rBST-free.
The 12 member nations of the European Union have reject the use of rBST, but they could be forced to accept products from rBST treated cows if the United States challenges the European ban under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Thus this unjustifiable and unnecessary suffering may be inflicted oncows on both sides of the Atlantic.
Widespread public protest is called for to stop the spread of the insidious corporate cruelty. Already an "unexpectedly strong public resistance to a new drug that makes cows produce more milk" was reported on the front page of the Business section of The Washington Post (March 15, 1994). Please make your voice heard. The suffering which cows are forced to undergo simply to increase milk production cannot be tolerated.
ACTION: Urge your supermarket, grocer or convenience store to require certification that the milk, cheese and other dairy products they carry come only from cows that have not been subjected to injections of rBST. Encourage your friends to do the same. For more information and a list of companies whose products are rBST-free, contact: The Pure Food Campaign; 1130 - 17 Street, NW, Suite 300; Washington, DC 20036; 1-800-253-0681.
AWI Quarterly Winter 1994, Vol. 43, No 1, p.20.
© 2016 All rights reserved. Animal Welfare Institute, 900 Pennsylvania Ave., SE, Washington, DC 20003. Phone: (202) 337-2332


text:
PITMAN — Gloucester County Habitat for Humanity broke ground for a new house in the Grove Friday and dedicated it to two of their biggest supporters, Mary Ann and John Humbert.
The project — a 1200-square-foot, three-bedroom, two-story house that is planned to fit in well with the character of the neighborhood — was made possible by an $85,000 donation from the congregation of the First Presbyterian Church in Pitman and an initiative to set aside land in the Grove by Councilwoman Patti Kelley and Councilman Dave Swindell.
"This is such a great day, and even the weather has held for us," said Evelyn Leverett, executive director of Gloucester County Habitat. "A little over a year and a half ago, I got a phone call from two council members about the possibility of donating a piece of land in the Pitman Grove. Through the efforts of Patti Kelley and Dave Swindell, we came up with the idea for a potential Habitat build here to honor two of our long-standing volunteers who have been a part of our backbone and our history."
Council President Russ Johnson said he hopes the Grove house — located at the corner of 10th and South Avenues — is the first of many new Habitat homes that will be built in the borough.
"This is the first time Habitat will dedicate a house to its volunteers, who we'd like to thank for their service, and we'd also like to say a very special thank-you to Pastor Pat Weikart and the congregation of the First Presbyterian Church for their generous gift that made this possible," said Johnson.
Both Kelley and Swindell said they were thrilled the groundbreaking day had finally come.
"We see this as a win for the borough, the Presbyterian church which — out of their obedience to God will ensure someone has a place to live — and for Habitat," said Swindell. "Mayor and council are already considering two more properties for Habitat, and we encourage everyone to participate in this great endeavor."
Weikart offered prayers for the house on which they'd broken ground.
"This began in the heart of our mission committee chair, Mary Ann Humbert, and it became the prayer of the mission committee and of the church family," said Weikart. "Our church has been inspired by God, Mary Ann and John to raise $85,000 to provide a good home for people in need."
Though the family who will eventually inhabit the home has not yet been selected, its members will eventually contribute their "sweat equity" to the build beside other Habitat volunteers.
"We've worked on Habitat homes in Miami, Veracruz, Mexico, Winnipeg and all points in between," said John Humbert, thanking Habitat and the church for the dedication. "We've helped build more than 100 houses across the country. Thanks for the honor of having this dedication for us, especially for my wife. One of the best things about Habitat is when we come here and work, but the best thing is handing a family their keys."
Donning a tool belt, John added.
"So when do we start work?"

subset: commoncrawl


text:
May 17, 1999
Widmaier earned 24 merit badges and served the troop in leadership positions, including Troop Guide for two years and Patrol Leader for six months.
For his Eagle project, he organized a campaign to inform neighborhoods about the importance of keeping local waterways clean. The project totaled 160 hours of work and included the efforts of 22 scouts and adults.
Troop 422 meets at Leota Junior High School on the first and third Mondays of each month. For information, call Mike Gaylord, scoutmaster, at 206-748-1614.


text:
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ZS-1 Zeus-1 Transceiver
Art.-Nr. 9370
1.499,00 €
incl. 19 % Tax
will be confirmed
That's what radio amateurs have been waiting for!
Deliveries started on March 22, 2013 ...
Software defined receivers have been state-of-the art for years already; now the ZS-1 from
St. Petersburg offers SDR Transceiver capabilities at "direct sampling" level.
The ZS-1 is a real software defined shortwave transceiver for the classic HF amateur
bands, including WARC bands, offering an output power of up to 15 W. For receiving purposes,
the transceiver covers all frequencies between 300 kHz to 30 MHz. High quality band pass
filters ensure clean signals. A broadband spectrum and waterfall display inform simultaneously
about activities within a given band, so no pile up will remain undetected.
Picture of the new version 2.5
Big sized picture
The transceiver is connected to the PC via a USB2.0 connection, a built-in interface
additionally allows to operate the unit via an IP address, and also CAT-connectivity is ensured.
The delivery includes the comfortable operation software Zeus Radio, which was written
especially for the ZS-1. It offers access to all functions, including the comprehensive
settings for the digital signal processing of the microphone input and the integrated CW
keyer. Furthermore the software packages Ham Radio Deluxe, SDR.com and SDRmax III
may be used in conjunction with the ZS-1.
The transmitter output power is adjustable from 0 dBm (within the entire range, for antenna
analysis or operation of a transverter) up to 15 W within the amateur radio bands.
A power monitor with additional display of voltage and current is included, too,
software protection of the final amplifier against high values
In the future the SWR will be displayed also, the essential hardware is already built-in.
Big sized picture
Connections include:
- KEY socket for paddle or traditional Morse keyer
- PTT socket for manual transmitter activation by a footswitch
- ALC (Automatic Level Control)
- TX RCA jack is closed to ground while the transmitter is engaged
- ACC socket allows control of up to eight external devices
The ZS-1 is manufactured in Germany and will be available in quarter 4/2012 at SSB-Electronic.
See Big sized picture
Connections of the ZS-1.
Frequency range
0.3 – 30 MHz
Sensitivity (MDS, Preamp on)
-141 dBm
Sensitivity (MDS, Preamp off)
-135 dBm
Blocking Level (Preamp on)
-22 dBm
Blocking Level (Preamp off)
-5 dBm
Inband IIP2 (Preamp off)
63 dBm
Inband IIP3 (Preamp off)
28 dBm
4, 10, 14 dB
10, 20, 40, 100 kHz
Viewing Bandwidth
160, 320, 800, 1600, 4000 kHz
IQ data bit-width
24, 32
Frequency range
HF HAM bands 10, 12, 15, 17, 20, 30, 40, 80, 160 m
Output power
max. 15 W
Harmonics Level
< -50 dB
Non harmonics Level
< -78 dB
10 kHz
IQ data bit-width
Common characteristics:
PC Interface (data & control)
Supply voltage
Supply current (receive)
Supply current (transmit)
240 x 170 x 34 mm
1.2 kg
Please visit our extensive
ZS-1 FAQ Page!
Get a picture of the new ZS-1: The recent software version allows the replay of broadband files.
Within the recorded frequency range all functions can be explored that are available also for real-time reception.
Simply download the software and recordings of your choice. The files have to be unpacked first (for example with WinZip) and may be played back with the IQ Player then.
Zeus Software v2.6
Zeus Breitbandfile 40 Meterband
Zeus Breitbandfile 80 Meterband
Zeus Breitbandfile 9765 kHz (AM)
Zeus Breitbandfile 9520 kHz (AM)
Zeus Breitbandfile 7017 kHz (CW-1)
Zeus Breitbandfile 7017 kHz (CW-2)
Zeus Breitbandfile 14180 kHz (SSB)
Zeus Breitbandfile 7095 kHz (SSB)
Zeus Breitbandfile 21110 kHz (Digital)
Zeus Breitbandfile 21074,5 kHz (JT65)
Zeus Breitbandfile 9955 kHz (DRM)
The IQ Player will be started by a double click with the left mouse button and activated by a click on the ringlike upper left button.
It is appropriate to activate also the automatic repeat function (white circular arrow on a blue background), to listen to the respective recording as an infinite loop.
Min. requirements:
Windows XP/Vista/7/8 x32 / x64. USB2.0 Port, Intel Core 2 Duo 1,5 GHz with 2 GB RAM, Video card with OpenGL 1.5 or higher.
For more information
Download PDF
The manual is available here (v2.6):
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Firmware Update (only needed for certain features of Version 2.5):
Download Firmware Tool
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xt:Commerce Shopsoftware


text:
Fuse Creativity System Project Guide: Fun Party Themes, Idea for Handmade Cards, And More Paper Crafts from Fiskars
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Noel Holly Card
By: DecoArt
We are adding the craft to your Craft Projects.
The project was added to your Craft Projects.
Click here to view your Craft Projects.
Make all your Christmas cards this year. Send all your friends and family noel holly cards. Using cardstock and acrylics you can make these cards in four easy steps. Make many of them for everyone.
- DecoArt Products Required
- Americana Acrylics
- DA133 - Hauser Dark Green
- DA265 - Tuscan Red
- 3/8" round foam pouncer brush
- Liner brush
- Foam plate
- Pencil
- Cardstock
- Craft knife
- Patterned notecard, Hobby Lobby #494187
- Print off or trace pattern onto cardstock paper; cut out leaf shapes with craft knife.
- Holding edges of stencil when stamping, dip pouncer into Hauser Dark Green and pounce over leaf patterns; carefully lift off stencil and let paint dry.
- Refer to photo for placement and use end of brush handle dipped in Tuscan Red paint to paint large dots for berries, moving handle in circular motion.
- Use liner brush and Hauser Dark Green to paint letters, referring to pattern for placement and size; let dry.
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- Stunning Leather Trimmed Crochet Scarf Pattern
- Knit Look Cowl Crochet Pattern
- Bean Stitch Cowl Crochet Pattern
- Plush Basketweave Baby Blanket Pattern
- "18 Projects Every Crafter Wants" free eBook
- Amethyst DIY Jewelry Box Anthropologie Knockoff
- Retro Gumball Machine Craft


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Over the years, the Baker Building has been the scene for many weddings, receptions, banquets, parties, and other happy occasions. The Baker Building boasts over 13,000 square feet of elegance and beauty from years past, with old world style tin ceilings and lustrous hardwood floors. The present has graced the Baker Building with central air conditioning and heating with illuminating skylights. We would love to be a part of your memories.
Please call for your individual tour of our fabulous and historic venue.


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Hi! My name is meowmi24
I am an American Curl from chino hills, CA
Nicknames: meowmi
Age: 7 years old
Gender: M
Coat: short haired
Education: flushing toilet
My favorite tricks and treats are: flipping and salmon cookie
Where I hang out: window
My favorite grubs: can food
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What I love about my owners: gentleman, humorous, handsome and tall, ok, i will stop.
My cat hobbies: sleeping
Pet motto: just one more cookie, master...
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- Six years of RTL/HDL design experience in Verilog, SystemVerilog, and VHDL.
- Extensive experience with RTL/HDL simulation/verification and debugging tools such as Synopsys VCS, Verdi, and Cadence NCSIM.
- Working knowledge of gate-level simulation (GLS) with SDF back-annotation.
- Experience working with physical implementation to drive designs to tapeout (synthesis, logic/memory BIST insertion, scan, formal verification, floorplanning, place and route, static timing analysis and closure, and gate-level and metal-only netlist ECOs).
- Post-silicon debug experience spanning multiple projects.
- Familiarity with industry standard on-chip bus protocols such as AXI, AHB, and OCP.
- Working knowledge of MIPI D-PHY, MIPI CSI-2, and MIPI DSI specifications and experience interfacing with related analog front-end I/O blocks.
- Broad architectural knowledge (content protection, security, caching and cache coherency, pipelining, branch prediction, virtual memory, performance, and power).
- Experience scripting with C/C++, Python, Perl, and TCL.
Austin, TX
Intel Corporation
SoC Architect
- Developed high-level architecture specifications for imaging processing, machine learning, computer vision, and other multimedia SoC blocks.
- Worked with customers and platform architecture to develop SoC landing zones and requirements.
- Lead a geographically diverse virtual team of dozens of contributors focusing on delivering imaging and computer vision full solutions to market.
Austin, TX
Intel Corporation
Component Design Engineer
- Worked on Northbridge design team for Intel's 45nm, 32nm, and 22nm low-power Atom-based SoCs, including the Medfield chip used in the first Intel-powered smartphones.
- Owned RTL/HDL for blocks in multimedia cluster, with responsibilities including original design, integration of 3rd-party IP, design-for-test, synthesis, gate-level simulation, layout/routing, timing closure, and post-silicon debug.
- Designed bus-translation gaskets, memory arbitration systems, and DMA engines.
- Served as technical lead on numerous task forces related to low-power design, gate-level simulation, DRC cleanup, design-for-test, and post-silicon debug.
- Trail-blazed several SoC tool/methodology flows related to design-for-test, performance testing, mixed-signal simulation, and automated netlist ECOs.
- Organized international face-to-face meetings with IP vendors and industry partners.
Starkville, MS
MSU Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Research Assistant
- Researched digital design automation strategies
- Developed prototype high-level language to Verilog synthesis tool
Starkville, MS
MSU Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Teaching Assistant
- Supervised classes of up to 20 students through various laboratory tasks
- Taught basic concepts of logic devices and digital design
Starkville, MS
Institute for Signal and Information Processing
Research Assistant
- Researched and developed novel mobile computing interface prototypes
- Developed grammar specification conversion tools for mobile speech recognition
Austin, TX
University of Texas
18 hours doctoral coursework - Withdrawn in Good Standing
Starkville, MS
Mississippi State University
Master of Science in Computer Engineering (4.0 GPA)
Starkville, MS
Mississippi State University
Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering (4.0 GPA)
- W. Holland and Y. Dandass, "Optimizing Pipelining in HDL Generated Automatically from C Source Codes," Engineering of Reconfigurable Systems and Algorithms, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 2008.
- W. Holland, "A framework for automatically generating optimized digital designs from C language loops," M.S. thesis, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 2008.
- W. Holland, D. May, J. Baca, G. Lazarou and J. Picone, "A Unified Language Model Architecture for Web-based Speech Recognition Grammars," IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology, Vancouver, Canada, 2006.
- W. Holland, J. Baca, D. Duncan, and J. Picone, "Language Model Grammar Conversion," 2006 World Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering and Applied Computing, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 2006.
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
- Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship
- Bagley College of Engineering Student Hall of Fame
- Bagley College of Engineering "Most Outstanding Computer Engineering Senior"
- MSU Student Hall of Fame
- National Merit Scholarship
- I.E.E.E. (member since 2005)
- A.C.M. (member since 2005)
Relevant Coursework
- Electronic Circuit Design
- Digital System Design
- Embedded Systems
- Computer Architecture
- Network Processor Architectures
- Modern Processor Design
- Introduction to VLSI Design
- VLSI Systems
- VLSI Design II
- Analog Integrated Circuit Design
- Application-Specific Processing
- Mixed-Signal System Design and Modeling
- System-On-Chip Design


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According to CNN, the father of President Bush's would-be killer worked in Saudia Arabia's embassy in Washington, DC as a computer specialist. The convicted assassin is an alumnus of the Islamic Saudi Academy in Washington's Northern Virginia suburbs.
After 9/11, I seem to remember that the Washington Post reported that "Death to America!" posters could be found on display in Saudi-funded schools.
Here's an article by Abu Ali's lawyer, arguing his side of the case (he did not testify on his own behalf).


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Sactown Royalty is asking a question about whether or not Tyreke Evans and Kevin Martin can co-exist in the backcourt, but Ziller dropped this little dime about Russell Westbrook: "No one comes into the league as a stopper — it took Rajon Rondo one season (and an injection of KG) to figure it out, and Russell Westbrook is the sort of hypercosmic freak you can't base hypotheses on."
The Hoop Doctors rank the top 75 fantasy basketball players and Kevin Durant comes in ninth, Westbrook 52nd and Jeff Green 68th.
Vince Thomas of NBA.com asking questions to himself using "celebrities": "Mike Gundy – Q: We have an enormous game against the Sooners on Thanksgiving weekend. I'm hoping it's for the Big 12 title. Meanwhile, I've been hearing good things about this upstart Thunder squad, too. What did they win, like, 20-something games last season? What's the likelihood that, just a month into their season, they'd have as many as wins as us in late-November? A: Coach, you're the man. You're 42. Sorry. Had to do it. But, let's look at schedules, here … OK, I have you losing your season-opener to Georgia and your Halloween slugfest against Texas. So coming into your season-ender against your cross-state rivals, I have you guys with nine wins. On the flip-side, I have Oklahoma City going 8-8 during that same span. So, no, the Thunder will be a shade under your win total. Although, for a young squad, with a good amount of games against probable playoff teams to open up the season, going .500 would be one of the bigger NBA stories of November."
Power rankings from The Outsiders has OKC at 26: "We all expect Kevin Durant to have a monster year. Westbrook is growing up to be the new Billups. Jeff Green will be an All Star Forward in the near future. James Harden is the perfect match with all those guys. That being said, how sweet would have been if they have drafted Rubio? They would be that team that everybody would want, like to watch, the buzz of the NBA. We could make an argument that they hurt the league because if they have drafted Rubio, he would probably come to the Association."
NBA Primetime ranks the top 25 NBA players and KD is 15th: "Kevin Durant is by far the biggest prodigy in the NBA at the young age of 20. Standing 6'10", he has the exceptional capability of dribbling the ball through traffic and slamming it down with enthusiasm. Not to mention, KD has already averaged 25 PPG in only his second season in the league. With the Thunder's youth continuing to improve, Durant's stats will keep progressing into scoring title type numbers."
Tony Mejia ranks the top 20 rookies and strangely, he has James Harden sixth: His name might lead you to believe differently, but the Thunder's rookie guard makes the game look pretty easy. Scouts at both NBA summer leagues were raving about his comfort level and decision-making as he started building chemistry with backcourt mate Russell Westbrook.
HoopsWorld ranks the top six coaches: "Six coaches—Vinny Del Negro (CHI), Kurt Rambis (MIN), Scott Brooks (OKC), Jay Triano (TOR), John Kuester (DET), and Alvin Gentry (PHX)—are still too wet behind the ears for them to be seen as elite coaches in the league, even by the end of this upcoming season, although Brooks has the best shot of anyone in this group of getting himself noticed this season by virtue of coaching an impressive young Thunder squad."
Chris Silva took a tour around the revamped Ford Center: "The flooring has been redone to the point where the entire concrete pathway in Loud City has been ground to its original core and finished with a new base that highlights more color, stone and gives a shine almost to a marbling affect. It's unique in the sense that the every runway leading to the seating area will have a Thunder blue reflective finish. Red and yellow, the Thunder's other colors, will be used in a similar manner as accent colors in the common areas and near concessions."


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In Brief: Find new way to ditch pain
Find new way to ditch pain
Fifteen-minute sessions using the Castle Technique will be offered Tuesday at 6 p.m. at Whole Foods Cooperative, 1341 W. 26th St. The Castle Technique is a painless way to relieve chronic pain, specifically in joints. The sessions, led by certified rolfer Jeff Castle, are free. Appointments are required; sign up at customer service. Call 456-0282 for more information.
You can still get flu shots
Free flu shots will be offered at the Erie Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 135 E. 38th St., to all veterans eligible for VA health care. Walk-ins are welcome from 1 to 3 p.m., Monday through Friday, at the Erie VA Medical Center or the closest VA community clinic.
Exercise at Harding
Exercise classes with a routine created by trainer Rodney Cray are offered Mondays through Thursdays at Harding School, 820 Lincoln Ave. Registration is required. Call 232-3758 or send e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Brandi Love Video Uploads:
Brandi Love, real name Tracey Lynne Potoski, was born in Raleigh, North Carilina. As a child she was always busy in a slew of activities; dancing at 3, ice skating at 4, plus track, soccer and tennis as a kid.
Brandi owned her own custom wine company in the early 2000's and left it behind to enter adult modeling in 2004 when she opened her own site. In 2007, she began doing hardcore porn.
Brandi isn't content to be just in front of the camera and also is the co-owner and CFO of No Rivals Media, a multi-media adult entertainment site. She's also been active on various talk shows in the US like The Tyra Banks Show, Dr. Keith Ablow Show, and The Howard Stern Show. She also wrote a book in 2008 called Getting Wild Sex from Your Conservative Woman.
Brandi is 5'7 and measures 36-25-36.
+ Brandi Loves The Contractors
+ Gorgeous Blonde Brandi Love LIVE
+ Super Busty MILF Brandi Love Masturbating
+ Young Tyler is seduced by the queen of cougars
+ Brandi Love is the ultimate MILF
+ Brandi is a cougar on the hunt
+ Fucking and sucking a young stud
+ Workout and masturbation time with the fitness model
+ Sexy Sybian time with the fitness pornstar
+ Sexy outdoor photos of the fit Brandi Love stripping from her bikini
+ MILF fitness babe Brandi Love gets naked in the game room
+ Brandi Love naughty in the office
+ Brandi Love sucks a big dong then gets nailed
+ Milf Brandi Love shared by the Madisons
+ Brandi Love shows her amazing milf cuves
+ Brandi Love milf blonde with big massive boobs spreads on bed
+ Brandi Love busty milf blonde poses nude on rocks
+ Brandi Love bigboobs milf blonde caresses pussy on sofa
+ MILF Brandi Love getting huge dick on the couch
+ Busty MILF seduces you like a cougar should
+ Hot Brandi naked on the rocks
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DVD and Hat update
We wanted to announce we are making one last push to get DVD's into stores for this fall! If you would like to see your local shop selling the Pretty... Read more
Meanwhile....from a cave somewhere Jackson, WY
Hi there team!
We know it's been a while and you might not be thinking of pow anymore...BUT WE ARE, thanks to you!!! The team has been busy in the... Read more
Rachael Burks here… Salt Lake City…
Houston… here we go: Thank you so much backers and enthusiasts that helped us not only achieve our goal, but jet-pack by it with... Read more
5-Day Sprint! We're at $101,448!! Flabbergasted!
1960 Wilma Rudolph (1940 - 1994) became the first American woman to win three Gold medals at the 1960 Rome Olympics.
Rachael Burks here in snowy Salt Lake City….. Right... Read more
Huffington Post!!
Hey team!! Thanks to Jesse Gros we just made the Huffington Post!! This may be the biggest thing that's ever happened to women's freeskiing and we're riding the wave thanks... Read more
Rachael Burks here! Salt Lake City, Utah (It's snowing!) I am SO thankful and stoked to witness this kickstarter jumpstart! Thank you so much for the support backers! YOU ROCK!... Read more
What?????!!!! 53k!!!!
Late last night we all found ourselves jumping around after watching the little green kickstarter line skyrocket! Thank you backers, team, believers! We are going all the wayyyyyy thanks to... Read more
Half way there!
Thank you so much for supporting the project, we hit the $30k mark but we still need your help! Please share our page with your friends on Facebook and Twitter... Read more
Exciting news for the inside team only!!
Hey there team!! So... we just got word that we have 10k coming down the pipe from our friends at GoPro! Woopeeeee!! In that case, if we each found just... Read more
Thank you inside team!! We are getting there!!
"Being terrified but going ahead and doing what must be done—that's courage. The one who feels no fear is a fool, and the one who lets fear rule him is... Read more
A Christmas interview from Hadley Hammer and a quote to start things off :)
Christmas gift suggestions: To your enemy, forgiveness. To an opponent, tolerance. To a friend, your heart. To a customer, service. To all, charity. To every child, a good example. To... Read more
Share this project with one person this Holiday
Thank you to those who have backed the project. It has me both humbled and greatful this Holiday Season.
As we roll into the Holiday Season, it'd be huge... Read more
Ask a pro: Rachel Burks mini interview: ( your chance to ask a pro a question):
What was your highlight of last season. . . sled-skiing in AK of course
What's your favorite ski song…. This is my favorite powder song: Alias, Muted "Beginagain"
What do... Read more
Rachael Burks here- Thank you so much backers for believing in this project! Here's to forward momentum!
Rally Challenge!!!
Hey there super supporters!! We have a challenge for ya!! Anyone who can get the kickstarter project play on any media site/news paper or get a friend/business to back the... Read more
Rewards Update
To all whom have backed the project, we have an update regarding rewards: Anyone who has backed this project at the $15.00 or above level will receive a digital copy... Read more
We've hit 10k!!!!!!
One of the marvelous things about community is that it enables us to welcome and help people in a way we couldn't as individuals. When we pool our strength and... Read more
$3,000 in 24 hours!
Rachael Burks here in a snowy Salt Lake City! We're up $3,000 in just 24 hours! WE HAVE OFFICIALLY HIT THE $10,000 mark: YES! Let's keep this thing moving! THANK... Read more
Ahhhhh Yeahhhhh!!!!
"Heroes didn't leap tall buildings or stop bullets with an outstretched hand; they didn't wear boots and capes. They bled, and they bruised, and their superpowers were as simple as... Read more
Rachael Burks here! 129 backers!
1:20 PM SLC, UT: 129 Backers! ALMOST TO $7,000 - Thank you SO MUCH BACKERS! This project has the potential to really change the way women are viewed in skiing... Read more


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Cover Of The Day- Van Halen Dances In The Street [VIDEO]
The Best Version Of 'Hello' Ever [VIDEO]
Some people just have way too much time on their hands'. But, their lack of sex life is our gain, because we get to see videos like this one. The amount of work that went into this video would probably blow our minds, but we like it. We really, really like it. Lionel Richie would be proud.
Cover Of The Day- Tori Amos Covers 'Smells Like Teen Spirit'
I'm pretty sure I've had a crush on Tori Amos since the day I was born. Her song, 'Winter,' is one of the most beautiful, most haunting songs I've ever heard. Her haunting voice, mixed with her melodic piano creates an ambiance that never fails to give me chills. So naturally, Nirvana's arguably most popular song would be covered by her...or something. Whatever. At the risk of sounding sacreligious, I actually like this better than the original...Be gentle.
'Move' Is The Coolest Video You Will Ever See [VIDEO]
So, this isn't a new concept, and if you're an internet video junkie like I am, you've probably seen this done before. But this is my favorite, and I will just never get tired of seeing these kinds of things. The amount of work put into this one minute video blows my mind, and it will blow yours as well.
Cover Of The Day- Cream Covers 'Crossroads' [VIDEO]
Basically every musical style in the world can somehow be traced back to Blues. And, in my humble opinion, the granddaddy of the Blues scene is Robert Johnson. Dude was a genius, and so before his time. The mythology behind him is super interesting too. Did he ACTUALLY go down to the crossroads and sell his soul to the devil? We'll never know. But his song, 'Crossoads,' is one of the greatest blues songs of all time.
Sticks (Not Styx) Video Is The Coolest Thing You Will Ever See [VIDEO]
It's a tough gig when your job consists primarily of finding whacky videos on the internet. Today was a good day, because I found what could potentially be the coolest thing I've ever seen. It almost makes me want to have kids just so I can do activities like this with them. But then I remember that I don't want kids. So I break into other people's homes and do this stuff with their kids. It's not weird.
Cover Of The Day- 30 Seconds To Mars Performs 'Message In A Bottle" [VIDEO]
In this new feature, we will be featuring bands and individuals who are covering other bands or individuals. There's really no basis for the qualification, other than whether we like them or not. In this first video, Indie-Rockish 30 Seconds To Mars covers 'Message In A Bottle' by legendary band The Police. The original song is fantastic, and the cover holds up as well. Plus, Jared Leto is a super good looking dude. In a totally heterosexual way. We've gotta please the ladies that visit this site too, chu know??
When The Muppets Meet Saw [VIDEO]
The Muppets are riding a wave of positive promotion following the very impressive box office numbers of their latest movie. They've been on talk shows, radio shows, even WWE Raw. The Muppets have been everywhere, so it only makes sense that they would try to capitalize on other movies' success as well.
Black Friday Pranksters Satirize Shoppers [VIDEO]
With the holidays now over, it's time to sit back, drink a Pepsi, and reflect again on how utterly dumb we all are whilst Christmas shopping. These two guys realize how silly all of the fuss about holiday shopping is, so they decided to take it upon themselves to draw attention to the silliness of it all. The guys play it off well, but the best part is the items of which they're asking about.
Why Hockey Is The Best Sport Ever [VIDEO]
Hockey is the best sport ever. I don't really know anything about the game, other than what I've seen in Mighty Ducks movies, but if stuff like this happens all the time, it's got to be the greatest sport in the world. These kids are ten years old!!!
2011 Stuff The Van Serves Over 3,500 Children [PHOTOS]
It's official – Stuff The Van #14 is a wrap, and was one of the best years we've had in the event's history. We just got word from our partners at Wyoming Food Bank Of The Rockies, that after everything was sorted, counted, and distributed at their warehouse – just over 3,500 Casper children will be served this Christmas, thanks to your generosity.
2 Stories 1 Glory Bring People (and Bands) Together For Worthy Cause [PHOTOS]
You know it's a special occasion when rock, rap, country bands and more come together to put on a show. But a special occasion it was on Saturday night when band such as The Front, Dang Ol' Boys and more shared the stage for a concert benefitting women stricken with cervical cancer.


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home > vitamins > by condition > heart health
Nature Made Fish Oil, 1200mg, Liquid Softgels
Nature Made Fish Oil 1200mg Liquid Softgels– Many doctors agree that ensuring that your diet is rich in essential fatty acids is important to promoting overall health and wellness. If you're looking for a simple way to meet your body's needs for omega-3 fatty acids, Nature Made Fish Oil 1200mg Liquid Softgels may be an excellent choice, as they are uniquely manufactured to ensure both effectiveness and safety.
A Supplement Rich in Omega-3 Fatty Acids
One capsule of Nature Made Fish Oil 1200mg Liquid Softgels contains 1200 milligrams of fish oil, providing the body with 360 milligrams of omega-3 fatty acids. Among the healthy fats present in the formula are EPA and DHA, the essential fatty acids that have been widely studied for their potential health benefits. The liquid softgels are easy for the body to digest, helping to ensure the effectiveness of the supplement formula.
A Pure Formula Made with Your Safety in Mind
Nature Made is committed to quality and safety, which is why they go to great lengths to ensure that Nature Made Fish Oil 1200mg Liquid Softgels are as pure as possible. Fish are sourced from deep ocean waters, not raised on farms. Once the oils are extracted, they are put through a unique distillation process to remove mercury and other impurities. This extra step in the manufacturing process helps to make Nature Made Fish Oil 1200mg Liquid Softgels as pure as possible, and no artificial colors, flavors or preservatives are added.
A Certified, Highly Recommended Brand
Nature Made Fish Oil 1200mg Liquid Softgels are a pharmacist-recommended fish oil supplement, and the product has been verified to be in line with the standards of United States Pharmacopeia. USP verification indicates that Nature Made has formulated the fish oil supplement to be as pure, high in quality and simple to digest as possible. The supplement continues the company's tradition of offering only the finest vitamins and dietary aids.
Dietary Supplement 1200mg | Omega-3&6 May Reduce Risk of Coronary ...
EPA & DHA, Key Omega-3s Important for Heart Health* #1 ...
Dietary Supplement #1 Pharmacist Recommended Recommended by pharmacists May reduce ...