text:
Polymer Degradation and Stability (v.92, #4)
Editorial board (IFC).
Calendar (I-II).
Investigation of thermal degradation mechanism of an aliphatic polyester using pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and a kinetic study of the effect of the amount of polymerisation catalyst by D.N. Bikiaris; K. Chrissafis; K.M. Paraskevopoulos; K.S. Triantafyllidis; E.V. Antonakou (525-536).
The thermal degradation mechanism of the aliphatic biodegradable polyester poly(propylene succinate) (PPSu) and the effect of the polymerisation catalyst (tetrabutyl titanate, TBT) were studied using pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py–GC–MS) and TGA analysis. It is found from mass ions detection, that the decomposition takes place, mainly, through β-hydrogen bond scission and secondarily by α-hydrogen bond scission. At low pyrolysis temperatures (360 and 385 °C) gases as well as succinic anhydride, succinic acid and propanoic acid are mainly produced while allyl and diallyl succinates are formed in smaller quantities. At high temperatures (450 °C) the behaviour is inverted. Using the isoconversional methods of Ozawa and Friedman it is founded that PPSu degrades by two consecutive mechanisms. According to this analysis the first mechanism that takes place at low temperatures is autocatalysis with an activation energy of about E = 110–120 kJ/mol. The second mechanism is a first-order reaction with E of 220 kJ/mol, and corresponds to the extended β- and α-hydrogen bond scissions. These activation energies are slightly dependent on the catalyst amount and are shifted towards lower values with an increase of TBT content from 3 × 10−4 to 3 × 10−1 mol TBT/mol succinic acid (SA).
Keywords: Poly(propylene succinate); Degradation mechanism; Pyrolysis; Thermogravimetry;
Investigation on water treeing behaviors of thermally aged XLPE cable insulation by Chonung Kim; Zhijian Jin; Xingyi Huang; Pingkai Jiang; Qingquan Ke (537-544).
The power cable insulation is in permanence subjected to thermal aging during its operating service. Thermal aging may influence not only the electrical, physicochemical and other properties of the XLPE cable insulation, but also the initiation and propagation of water tree inside it. Our research on the influence of thermal degradation to the water treeing behavior of XLPE cable insulation shows that thermal oxidation is the most influential to the initiation and growth of water treeing from the surface of XLPE cable insulation among all the probable factors caused during thermal aging.
Keywords: Water treeing; XLPE cable insulation; Thermal aging; Weibull statistical parameter;
Degradation and thermal properties of in situ compatibilized PS/POE blends by Zhenghong Guo; Zhengping Fang; Lifang Tong; Zhongbin Xu (545-551).
This paper reported the degradation behaviors and thermal properties of polystyrene (PS)/polyolefin elastomer (POE) blends with AlCl3 as the catalyst of Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were adopted to reveal the effects of in situ grafting reaction and degradation of blending compounds on the thermal properties of PS/POE blends. It was found that the changes in both catalyst content and blend composition influenced the competition between in situ grafting reaction and degradation, resulting in the complexity of the thermal properties of PS/POE/AlCl3 blends.
Keywords: Polystyrene; Polyolefin elastomer; In situ compatibilization; Degradation; Thermal properties;
Racemization behavior of l,l-lactide during heating by Takayuki Tsukegi; Toru Motoyama; Yoshihito Shirai; Haruo Nishida; Takeshi Endo (552-559).
To control the depolymerization process of poly(l-lactic acid) into l,l-lactide for feedstock recycling, the racemization of l,l-lactide as a post-depolymerization reaction was investigated. In the absence of a catalyst, the conversion to meso-lactide increased with increase in the heating temperature and time at a higher rate than the conversion into oligomers. The resulting high composition of meso-lactide suggests that the direct racemization of l,l-lactide had occurred in addition to the known racemization mechanism that occurs on the oligomer chains. In the presence of MgO, the oligomerization rapidly proceeded to reach an equilibrium state between monomers and oligomers. The equilibrium among l,l-, meso-, and d,d-lactides was found to be a convergent composition ratio l,l-:meso-:d,d-lactides = 1:1.22:0.99 (wt/wt/wt) after 120 min at 300 °C. This composition ratio also indicates that in addition to the known racemization reaction on the oligomer chains, direct racemization among the lactides is also a frequent occurrence.
Keywords: Poly(l-lactic acid); l,l-[Lactide]; Chemical recycling; Racemization; Ester–semiacetal tautomerization;
Analysis of surface degradation of epoxy nanocomposite due to tracking under AC and DC voltages by R. Sarathi; P. Rajesh Kumar; R.K. Sahu (560-568).
The tracking phenomenon, a carbonaceous process, in epoxy nanocomposite material has been studied under the AC and DC voltage in the present work. It was observed that the tracking is more severe under the DC voltages, especially under positive DC voltage when compared to negative DC voltage. The leakage current during the tracking studies was measured and moving average technique was used to characterize the trend of current flow. It was noticed that an increase in nanoclay content to epoxy resin shows a reduction in magnitude of leakage current flow during tracking test. It was also observed that the magnitude of leakage current is more under negative DC voltage compared with positive DC/AC voltage. The magnitude of leakage current and the tracking time shows inverse relationship as evident from the present study. A drastic reduction in contact angle was observed for the specimens subjected to tracking test. It was confirmed that surface discharges also cause permanent damage to the insulating material. The WAXD studies indicated that up to 5 wt% of nanoclay in epoxy resin resulted in exfoliated structure. The TEM studies were carried out on the nanocomposite structures. The TG–DTA results showed that a maximum degradation of epoxy resin occurs at around 300 °C. From the EPR study it is realized that, in the tracking formed zone the spin concentration is more in epoxy nanocomposites indicating that tracking as a damage generating process.
Keywords: Epoxy resin; Nanocomposites; Insulation; Degradation; Tracking; Leakage current;
Effects of EG and MoSi2 on thermal degradation of intumescent coating by Guoxin Li; Guozheng Liang; Tingshu He; Qinli Yang; Xuefeng Song (569-579).
An intumescent flame retardant coating was prepared with resin, solvent and flame retardant system composed of ammonium polyphosphate-APP, pentaerythritol-PER and melamine-MEL. The modifiers such as molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) and expandable graphite (EG) were used to improve the performances of the APP–PER–MEL coating. The effects of EG, MoSi2 and MoSi2/EG on the fireproofing time and char formation of the coating were investigated by using heat insulation test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electric microscope (SEM). The results showed that by adding modifiers, the fireproofing time was prolonged and char formation rate was evidently enhanced. The largest improvement was achieved with 9 wt.% MoSi2/5 wt.% EG, XPS analysis indicated that the performance of anti-oxidation of the coating was improved by adding EG and MoSi2, and SEM images showed that a good synergistic effect was obtained through a ceramic-like layer produced by MoSi2 covered on the surface of "open-cellular" structural char.
Keywords: APP–PER–MEL coating; Thermal degradation; Intumescent coating; Expandable graphite; Molybdenum disilicide;
Degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates in eutrophic reservoir by T.G. Volova; M.I. Gladyshev; M.Y. Trusova; N.O. Zhila (580-586).
During the summers of 1999–2001 the dynamics of polyhydroxyalkanoate degradation in a small recreational eutrophic reservoir was studied experimentally. It has been shown that biodegradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates in the environment is determined by the structure and physicochemical properties of the polymer and by local weather conditions, which influence the state of the aquatic ecosystem. Species (clones) of bacteria able to utilize polyhydroxyalkanoates in the reservoir were identified using molecular phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes.
Keywords: 16S rDNA; Degradation; DGGE; Polyhydroxyalkanoates; Reservoir;
Organic thermal stabilizers for rigid poly(vinyl chloride). Part XIII: Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxy-phenol) by Magdy W. Sabaa; Riham R. Mohamed (587-595).
Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxy-phenol) has been examined as a thermal stabilizer and co-stabilizer for rigid PVC in air, at 180 °C. Its high stabilizing efficiency is detected by its high thermal stability value (Ts) when compared with some of the common reference stabilizers used industrially such as dibasic lead carbonate, calcium–zinc soap and octyl tin mercaptide.Blending this organic stabilizer with some of the reference stabilizers in different ratios had synergistic effect on both the induction period and the dehydrochlorination rate together with the longer extent of discolouration of PVC stabilized by eugenol as compared with the blank and the samples stabilized with reference commercial stabilizers.A probable mechanism for the stabilizing action of eugenol has been proposed. The stabilizing efficiency is attributed partially to the stabilizer's ability to intervene in the radical chain degradation process of PVC and to the replacement of the labile chlorine atoms on PVC chains by a relatively more stable moiety of the organic stabilizer.
Keywords: Poly(vinyl chloride); Eugenol; Induction period (Ts); Degradation; Thermal stability; Extent of discolouration;
The degradation of new thermally degradable thermosets obtained by cationic curing of mixtures of DGEBA and 6,6-dimethyl (4,8-dioxaspiro[2.5]octane-5,7-dione) by Lidia González; Xavier Ramis; Josep Maria Salla; Ana Mantecón; Angels Serra (596-604).
The thermal degradation of thermosetting materials prepared by cationic copolymerization of mixtures of different proportions of diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with 6,6-dimethyl (4,8-dioxaspiro[2.5]octane-5,7-dione) (MCP) initiated by ytterbium or lanthanum triflate or using a conventional initiator, BF3·MEA was investigated. To study the thermal degradation, several techniques were used such as thermogravimetry (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and calorimetry (DSC) and the volatiles evolved during degradation were identified by mass spectrometry. The materials prepared possess the characteristics of thermally degradable thermosets, due to the presence of ester groups in the polymer chain, which are broken at the beginning of degradation. The degradability increased when lanthanide triflates were used in the curing, especially the ytterbium salt and when the proportion of MCP in the material increased.
Keywords: Epoxy resins; Degradation; Thermosets; Cationic polymerizations; Reworkability;
Chemical and structural changes at the ABS polymer–copper metal interface by S. Kisin; F. Scaltro; P. Malanowski; P.G.Th. van der Varst; G. de With (605-610).
Creating oxygen containing moieties (hydroxyl or carbonyl) on polymer substrate surfaces is known to increase the adhesion strength of polymers to metals. However, we noticed adhesion increase with time even though no pre- or post-treatment of the polymer substrate was done. In the case of sputtered and galvanically strengthened copper coatings on acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene polymer (ABS) substrate, the adhesion strength increased from approximately 6 J/m2 to 53 J/m2 during a 1008-h period. During this period structural and chemical changes of the polymer near the interface take place. Carbonyl functionalities developed on the ABS surface are most likely responsible for the large increase in the adhesion strength. Chemical changes of the polymer are probably a consequence of the galvanic deposition and a close contact of ABS with copper which is known to facilitate the oxidation of ABS.
Keywords: Adhesion; Metal–polymer interface; Oxidation; Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR);
Kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) glycolysis by diethylene glycol. Part II: Effect of temperature, catalyst and polymer morphology by Francis Pardal; Gilles Tersac (611-616).
The influence of various parameters on the kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) glycolysis by diethylene glycol (DEG), namely temperature (from 190 to 220 °C), temperature profile, catalysis and PET morphology has been studied.The results showed a strong influence of some experimental conditions (temperature and catalysis) on the mixture evolution during depolymerisation. The temperature study showed a critical temperature between 210 and 220 °C which seems to be the consequence of a better diffusion of DEG in PET, allowing easier reactions in solid phase. The initial morphology of PET scraps does not affect the rates of reactions much, in contrast to the temperature profile which has a great importance: time of PET dissolution at 220 °C is considerably shorter by heating PET and DEG separately at 220 °C before mixing, than by heating a cold mixture of the two reagents to 220 °C.
Keywords: Glycolysis; PET; Diethylene glycol; Kinetics;
Long-term performance of poly(vinyl chloride) cables. Part 1: Mechanical and electrical performances by M. Ekelund; H. Edin; U.W. Gedde (617-629).
Cables insulated with plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) were aged in air at temperatures between 80 °C and 180 °C and their conditions were assessed by indenter modulus measurements, tensile testing, infrared (IR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Electrical testing of oven-aged cable samples was performed in order to relate the electrical functionality during a high-energy line break (HELB) to the mechanical properties and to establish a lifetime criterion. The mechanical data taken at room temperature after ageing could be superimposed with regard to ageing time and temperature. The ageing–temperature shift factor showed an Arrhenius temperature dependence. The jacketing material showed an immediate increase in stiffness (indenter modulus and Young's modulus) and a decrease in the strain at break on ageing; these changes were dominated by loss of plasticizer by migration which was confirmed by IR spectroscopy and DSC. The core insulation showed smaller changes in these mechanical parameters; the loss of plasticizer by migration was greatly retarded by the closed environment, according to data obtained by IR spectroscopy and DSC, and the changes in the mechanical parameters were due to chemical degradation (dehydrochlorination). A comparison of data obtained from this study and data from other studies indicates that extrapolation of data for the jacketing insulation can be performed according to the Arrhenius equation even down to service temperatures (20–50 °C). The low-temperature deterioration of the jacketing is, according to this scheme, dominated by loss of plasticizer by migration.
Keywords: Poly(vinyl chloride) cables; Ageing; Mechanical properties; Plasticizer migration;
Durability of a starch-based biodegradable polymer by N. Tzankova Dintcheva; F.P. La Mantia (630-634).
The photo-oxidation and the photo-stabilization of a commercial biodegradable polymer have been investigated in order to establish the possibility of using this polymer as raw material for films for agriculture. The degradation has been followed by measuring the mechanical properties as a function of photo-oxidation time and in particular by following the elongation at break. The virgin polymer, made from maize starch and a synthetic biodegradable polyester, shows poor resistance to the UV irradiation as observed by the fast decay of the elongation at break, but the presence of small amounts of conventional UV stabilizers strongly improves the durability of this polymer. The UV stabilizers remarkably extend the induction time without modifying the photo-oxidation kinetics.Among the investigated stabilizers, the benzophenone compound seems to work slightly better than the benzotriazoles, than the triazine and than the sterically hindered amine. This behaviour has been attributed to the larger absorbance in the UV range of the biodegradable polymer.
Keywords: Starch-based biodegradable polymers; Durability; Anti-UV stabilizers; Mechanical properties;
Understanding the role of nanosilica particle surfaces in the thermal degradation of nanosilica–poly(methyl methacrylate) solution-blended nanocomposites: From low to high silica concentration by Nuria García; Teresa Corrales; Julio Guzmán; Pilar Tiemblo (635-643).
Nanocomposites of poly(methyl methacrylate) and 12 nm silica particles have been prepared by a casting procedure which allows the homogeneous dispersion of up to 35 wt% of silica. Twelve nanocomposites with compositions ranging from 1 to 35 wt% have been prepared and studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetric Analysis and Isothermal Chemiluminescence. Thermal stability increases outstandingly as soon as 1 wt% of silica is added to PMMA. This effect is well-known but had not been explained up to now. Of the two main processes which initiate degradation in PMMA, radical formation at labile chain ends and random chain scission, it is the former which disappears in composites with 3 wt% of silica. The origin of the thermal stabilization in these polymer composites is thus the blocking of the PMMA chain end by the silica particle. At the same time, viscous flow decreases progressively, and composites with 20 wt% of silica or over are dimensionally stable even if heated at 300 °C for several hours. The concomitant decrease of viscous flow and increase of low temperature thermal stability shift the temperature range of application of these composites strongly, and the understanding of the silica surface role allows envisaging the control of the behaviour.
Keywords: Poly(methyl methacrylate); Silica; Composites; Chain ends; Thermal stability;
In vitro screening of the action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on hypochlorous acid-induced hyaluronan degradation by Monika Stankovská; Juergen Arnhold; Jozef Rychlý; Holger Spalteholz; Peter Gemeiner; Ladislav Šoltés (644-652).
The antioxidative effect of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was studied in vitro by measuring the kinetics of degradation of high-molecular weight hyaluronan (HA) in a system comprising hypochlorous acid + CuCl2 + ascorbic acid using a Brookfield rotational viscometer equipped with a Teflon cup and spindle of coaxial cylindrical geometry. The changes in HA chemical structure were investigated by chemiluminometry. When sodium naproxen was added to the system during a running degradative process its inhibitory effect was clearly shown. The inhibition was dependent on the drug concentration. However, when this drug was added to the system before the initiation of HA degradation, no inhibition was seen even at the highest drug concentration tested. The inhibitory effect of acetylsalicylic acid was achieved with a relatively low concentration of the drug and was independent of the experimental model used.
Keywords: Hyaluronan degradation; Hypochlorous acid; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Rotational viscometry; Chemiluminometry;
Evolution of wood surface free energy after heat treatment by Philippe Gérardin; Marko Petrič; Mathieu Petrissans; Jacques Lambert; Jean Jacques Ehrhrardt (653-657).
Surface free energies of pine and beech wood were investigated before and after heat treatment using the Lifshitz–van der Waals/acid–base approach from contact angles measured by the Wilhelmy method. The results obtained showed that the decrease of the electron-donating component of the acid–base component was the major parameter affecting the wetting of the modified wood's surface. The Lifshitz–van der Waals component was slightly modified after heat treatment indicating that the atomic and molecular interactions due to permanent or induced dipoles between wood macromolecules were weakly modified. Modification of the surface chemical composition was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and titration of acidity. XPS indicated an important decrease of the O/C ratio after heat treatment explaining the decrease of the electron-donating component (γ −) of the surface free energy. The decarboxylation and degradation of glucuronic acids present in hemicelluloses, demonstrated by titration of carboxylic acid functions of wood, had only limited effect on the electron-accepting component (γ +).
Keywords: Acidity; Heat treatment; Surface free energy; Wettability; Wood; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy;
Enzymatic and anaerobic degradation of amylose based acrylic copolymers, for use as matrices for drug release by J. Alias; I. Goñi; M. Gurruchaga (658-666).
The aim of this investigation is the use of starch for effective colon-targeted drug delivery. To this end, high-amylose starch-based copolymers were tested as matrices for drug delivery. Ethyl methacrylate (EMA) was grafted onto a high-amylose starch (A). Copolymer synthesis and characterization as well as other experiments to test the enzymatic resistance and the capacity for fermentation of these products by colonic bacteria were carried out. Finally, tablets developed with our copolymers were tested to observe the dissolution behaviour of a model drug and a model protein. Our findings indicate that large quantities of grafted PEMA are not necessary to obtain high enzymatic resistance. Fermentation experiments indicate that the carbohydrate of A–EMA copolymers is susceptible to fermentation in spite of the EMA coating around the amylose backbone and that these materials could favour colon-targeted delivery.
Keywords: Enzymatic degradation; In vitro fermentation; Drug delivery; Starch copolymers; Colon delivery;
In vitro and in vivo degradation behaviors of synthetic absorbable bicomponent monofilament suture prepared with poly(p-dioxanone) and its copolymer by Jung Nam Im; Jeong Kyung Kim; Hyun-Kyoon Kim; Chang Hoon In; Kuen Yong Lee; Won Ho Park (667-674).
A synthetic absorbable bicomponent monofilament suture (MonoFlex), composed of poly(p-dioxanone) and its copolymer, was prepared by a conjugate spinning method, and its degradation behavior was investigated in vitro and in vivo. MonoFlex degraded by hydrolysis, and retained approximately 55% of its original strength after four weeks of incubation in PBS at 37 °C. About 70% of the original strength was maintained after four weeks of implantation in rats, and the suture material was completely absorbed after 180–210 days post-implantation in rats. No remarkable tissue reactions were observed during degradation, and foreign body reactions were similar to those of commercially available suture materials composed of poly(p-dioxanone). This study to monitor the degradation behavior of monofilament sutures in vitro as well as in vivo may be useful in the development of novel suture materials for extended wound support.
Keywords: Monofilament suture; Bicomponent; Degradation; Absorption; Tissue reaction;
Adjusting timing of weathering test to account for seasonal variations in UV exposure by A. Heikkilä; A. Tanskanen; P. Kärhä; K. Hanhi (675-683).
Satellite-derived UV climatology has been used to design a timetable for the outdoor UV exposure of polymeric material specimens. By pre-exposure computation, fixed time increments are transformed into a schedule with a predicted average accumulation of UV dose. The method was applied to produce a timetable for an ongoing exposure programme in a network of seven European test sites over the latitude range 28.5–67.4°N. The effect of the average seasonal variability of solar UV irradiance on the predicted accumulated UV exposure is shown to be notably diminished by the method. Relative underestimations of 5–82% of cumulative UV stress are estimated to be avoided by extensions of 6–167 days exposure durations as suggested by the adjustment procedure. Hence, more reproducible degradation data are expected to be obtainable for exposures that are not multiples of the full annual cycle of UV, especially for those with a duration <1 year.
Keywords: Weathering; Outdoor; Timing; UV radiation;
Physico-chemical aspects of polyethylene processing in an open mixer. Part 31: Formal kinetics of γ-lactone formation from additional primary products by F. Gugumus (684-702).
The potential contribution of primary oxidation products to γ-lactone formation in polyethylene is discussed. The 1,4,6-hydroperoxy-keto-hydroperoxides and the 1,2,5-tris-hydroperoxides are investigated in this work. Their formation and decomposition is examined with respect to γ-lactone formation at increasing rates in the initial stages and possibly at constant rates in the advanced stages of polyethylene processing. The formal kinetics based on the mechanisms is used to check the effect of the temperature and of the oxygen concentration. It is found that the activation energy calculated for the two mechanisms envisaged can account for different experimental values valid in the initial or advanced stages of polyethylene processing. However, the calculated increase of the rate on passing from air to pure oxygen is always much larger than the experimental value. Hence, the mechanisms examined can contribute to part only of the γ-lactone found experimentally. They should necessarily be complemented by additional mechanisms that show smaller increase with the oxygen concentration than that found experimentally.
Keywords: Polyethylene; Thermal oxidation; Oxidation products; γ-Lactones; Mechanisms; Kinetics;
Physico-chemical aspects of polyethylene processing in an open mixer. Part 32: Formal kinetics of γ-lactone formation from secondary products. Heterogeneous kinetics by F. Gugumus (703-719).
Oxidation of aldehydes and γ-hydroxy-trans-vinylene groups can yield γ-lactones. These intermediates account for γ-lactone formation in the advanced stages of polyethylene processing in air. The acyl-peroxy radical formed on free radical induced oxidation of aldehydes can abstract intramolecularly a δ-hydrogen atom to yield a peracid. Reaction of the alkyl radical formed in this reaction with the hydroperoxide group of the peracid gives a γ-lactone with simultaneous release of a hydroxyl radical. The calculated rate of γ-lactone formation according to the mechanism envisaged decreases slightly with increasing temperature (activation energy of about −5 kcal/mol). It is in agreement with the experiments that do not show significant activation energy in the high temperature range for the advanced stages of polyethylene processing. The calculated rate of γ-lactone formation is found to increase by a factor of about 2.7 if the processing experiments are performed in pure oxygen instead of in air. This is close to the experimental factor of about 2.Peroxidation of γ-hydroxy-trans-vinylene groups can also yield γ-lactones. The first possibility involves addition of a peroxy radical to the double bond followed by oxygen addition to the alkyl radical. This reaction possibly yields an α-peroxy-hydroperoxide. Intramolecular decomposition involving the two reactive groups of the α-peroxy-hydroperoxide can give an ozonide that on thermal decomposition yields among others an acid group in 4-position to the alcohol. The activation energy calculated is strongly negative so that the rate should decrease strongly with increasing temperature. Hence, the mechanism cannot contribute significantly to γ-lactone formation in the whole temperature range of the experiments. This is so in spite of the fact that the rate is estimated to increase by a factor of about 1.7 on passing from air to pure oxygen, which is close to the experimental value of approximately 2. The second possibility of transformation of γ-hydroxy-trans-vinylene groups is based on stress-induced oxygen addition to the double bond. Acid catalyzed decomposition of the allylic hydroperoxide that is formed in the reaction yields a pair of aldehydes with one of the aldehyde groups in 4-position to the alcohol group. Peroxidation of the aldehyde pair can give an acid group in 4-position to the hydroxyl group so that a γ-lactone can be formed. The activation energy calculated for the process is very small and the effect of the oxygen concentration corresponds to an increase by a factor of approximately 4.5 on passing from air to pure oxygen. It is postulated that simultaneous contribution by different mechanisms might well account for the experimental value of about 2.The heterogeneous kinetics discussed in detail allows for complementary data interpretation. It is especially suited for the understanding of the advanced stages of polyethylene processing, after some induction time.
Keywords: Polyethylene; Thermal oxidation; Oxidation products; γ-lactones; Mechanisms; Kinetics;
A novel intumescent flame retardant: Synthesis and application in ABS copolymer by Haiyun Ma; Lifang Tong; Zhongbin Xu; Zhengping Fang; Yongming Jin; Fengzhu Lu (720-726).
A novel phosphorous–nitrogen structure containing intumescent flame retardant, poly(4,4-diaminodiphenyl methane spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphonate) (PDSPB) was synthesized and characterized. Thermal stability and flammability properties of ABS/PDSPB composites were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter test, respectively. The results showed that the addition of PDSPB enhanced the thermal stability and flame retardancy of ABS significantly. The weight of residues improved greatly with the addition of PDSPB. FTIR and SEM investigations revealed that the residual chars contain polyphosphoric or phosphoric acid, which plays an important role in the process of carbonization. The intumescent chars formed from PDSPB and ABS/PDSPB composites were intact, multicellular and strong. It is confirmed that the char structure was a critical factor for flame retardancy of ABS resin.
Keywords: ABS; Intumescent flame retardant; Poly(4,4-diaminodiphenyl methane spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphonate); Flammability; Thermal stability;
Thermal degradation analysis and XRD characterisation of fibre-forming synthetic polypropylene containing nanoclay by Sheng Zhang; T. Richard Hull; A. Richard Horrocks; Gill Smart; Baljinder K. Kandola; John Ebdon; Paul Joseph; Barry Hunt (727-732).
Flammability of synthetic fibres is significantly worse than that of bulk polymers because of the high surface area to volume ratio and the low tolerance to high filler loadings in the fibre production process. Introducing nanocomposite structures has the potential to enhance the char formation at relatively low loadings of nanoparticulate fillers and hence can reduce the flammability of synthetic polymers and fibres.This paper reports thermal degradation analysis results in conjunction with TG analysis under different atmospheres and further studies of X-ray diffraction characterisation of fibre-forming polypropylene containing selected dispersed nanoclays.The concentrations of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide released during the TG analysis have been monitored and analysed by using a combined electrochemical infrared analyser. The intensity changes of the crystallinity peaks and nanoclay peaks in the polymer and composites are discussed.
Keywords: Polypropylene; Nanocomposites; Thermal degradation; XRD;
N-(Substituted phenyl) itaconimides as organic stabilizers for plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) against photo-degradation by Mona Mohamed Fahmi; Nadia Ahmed Mohamed (733-740).
Several N-(substituted phenyl)itaconimide derivatives, N-(RPh)II (R: –NO2, –COOH, –H, –OH, –OMe, –Me, –Cl, or –Br), have been investigated as organic photo-stabilizers for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plasticized with dioctyl phthalate (DOP). Their stabilizing efficiencies are evaluated by measuring the length of the induction period (Ts), the period during which no detectable amounts of hydrogen chloride gas could be observed, and also from the rate of dehydrochlorination as measured by continuous potentiometric determination, and the extent of discolouration of the degraded polymer. The efficiencies are also evaluated by determining the amount of gel formation as well as the intrinsic viscosity of the insoluble and the soluble fractions of the degraded polymer, respectively. The results have proved the greater stabilizing efficiency of the N-(RPh)II derivatives relative to that of the phenyl salicylate UV absorber which is a commonly used industrial stabilizer. A radical mechanism is proposed to account for the stabilizing action of the investigated products.
Keywords: Plasticized poly(vinyl chloride); Organic photo-stabilizers; Photo-dehydrochlorination; Discolouration; Cross-linking; Stabilization mechanism;


text:
And I was fascinated as I drove in to Pierre, the State Capital (pronounced 'peer') --the winter wheat is fully grown and suddenly turning a doe-colored brown. When the wind blows (the wind always blows in SD --it is only a matter of degree), it looks like a lake stirred by the wind, wave after wave cresting and falling. Now that the grass is drying out, there is a new noise, a chatter --a brittle chafing laughter what wafts in the car window as I drive by.
I noticed the same wind-swept drying in my own lawn as I mowed. Despite recent heavy rains, the grass is spent and going to seed, the stems drying out and turning stiff enough to pick and place between the teeth. The birds are loving it... and are also beginning to risk hanging out closer to the house in the hedge by our patio --there is small fruit forming --small soft red fruit that is still very bitter.
|The still type-unknown hedge now bearing little berries
See why I think they might be huckleberries?!
The meadowlark and the robin are having words about who gets to pick this fruit... I hope they leave enough for me.... In another part of the yard there is a wild and coveted choke-cherry. The fruit is still very hard and green... a ways to go yet. The elder women all speak with great affection for the fruit --when sweet, picked and mashed --pit and all, then dried and formed in to biscuit-sized patties for easy storage, transport and when the time comes reconstitution --soak it in water, botta-bing, a fruit smoothie Lakota way. I asked one of the elders (she's 94 or 95... no one can really remember) if she would show me how to do it. Of course, she said. But it will turn your hands red! Then she smiled and lifted her eye-brow.... Pun intended.
And then in the back, there are purposeful trees --they look like dwarf fruit trees, all in little rows growing up in the middle of rubber tires --I suppose that was to protect them from lawn mowers. But, now they are choked with what looks like suckers --unproductive branches coming straight up from the root stock. Too many suckers will displace the fruit-bearing branches. And the ground inside the tire is choked with weeds... But I can't get in to it to clean it all up --I have seen about four large snakes back in that area, and a tire would be a perfect place for a snake-nap.... So, I will have to wait until next winter to clean them up --cut the suckers and pull the weeds... perhaps take a saw to the tires....
Some days I laugh at myself --puttering about, dreaming of domesticating at least some part of this wildness --cactus, fruit, grasses, snakes.... The Senior Warden has come over and one of the snakes greeted her.... She is quite alarmed and wants them gone. I keep reminding her that we don't have any mouse problems....
At prayer this morning (Matthew 18-18-20)
[Jesus said,]
Truly I tell you, whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.I have always dreamed of heaven as a place unfettered, undomesticated, wild --where we will finally be at home in the wilderness.... I hope and pray that impulse to tame, cut, harvest will not be loosed in heaven, but that we will live in the glory of God's wild imagination... and my appreciation for that wildness is saturating my imagination more deeply every day --wounding my hands and heart as I try to impress my own vision of order, allowing an opening for the wildness to seep in.... Perhaps there are two or three of us who might pray for such a heaven.... Please dear God, no pearly gates... no streets of gold... just your creation, as you dream it.... I think I'm beginning to understand why you put a snake in the garden.... So you yourself do not run the danger of domestication... a snake to keep you on your toes. Amen.
Again, truly I tell you, if two of you agree on earth about anything you ask, it will be done for you by my Father in heaven. For where two or three are gathered in my name, I am there among them.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Active within 2608 Days
Name: chordata guy 3
Size/Category 30-Gallon Freshwater
Type: Glass
Shape: Standard
List of Fish:
1 - yellow lab2 - Bronze Cory3 - Tiger Barb
Lighting: standard lighting
Filtration: marineland penquin power filter
Invertebrates: varoius freshwater clam species,ramshor- n snails, red lobster(crayfis- h)
Other Accessories:
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I've had 535 friends visit me.
I'm the 3,033rd member on FishChannel.com.
7 friends have voted for me since I joined Fish eClub!
Come visit me, fiscofreak.
Come visit me, The Auglaize river, The Maumee river, The Little Auglaize river & The Ottawa river.
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Aristea major
See this electrifying gentian blue spike? It's bigger than you think! I am so excited about this South African member of the Iris family, I can't stand it! True blue, 1" flowers with yellow stamens form dense, crowded clusters near the top of 3' tall, thick stalks. Even better, masses of eight or more of these glorious spikes rise above a carefree, evergreen 3' x 2' dense clump of upright Iris-like foliage that always looks great. Striking & architectural, highly drought & CLAY tolerant, deer resistant& snail-proof it's rewarding in any garden – even parking strips. Provide some drainage & compost for best show. Cut back stalks after flowering. May reseed.
Perennial bulbUSDA zones 8b-11


text:
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One lucky sports fan could soon own one of the most legendary baseball fields ever built.
The 193-acre Iowa farm that inspired the 1989 movie "Field of Dreams" is up for sale.
Owners Don and Becky Lansing are selling the midwest tourist attraction for $5.4 million. The farm has been in their family for a century but the couple say they're ready to retire.
"You know, there are as many different feelings about the Field of Dreams as there are people who come," Becky Lansing said.
"I think there's a sense of pride," she continued. "That this is a place that is easily identifiable with Iowa and the millions of wonderful people and the millions of farm families in this country."
The sale includes a two bedroom house, six other buildings, and one concession stand.
The couple joked that the ghost of "Shoeless" Joe Jackson and the voices of James Earl Jones and Kevin Costner are not included.
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text:
What's Wrong with Infringements (Insofar as Infringements are Not Wrong)?: A Reply
John Oberdiek
Rutgers Law School; Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey - School of Law - Camden
May 2008
Law and Philosophy, Vol. 27, No. 3, 2008
An earlier article of mine, 'Lost in Moral Space: On the Infringing/Violating Distinction and its Place in the Theory of Rights', was devoted to rebutting Judith Jarvis Thomson's arguments in favor of incorporating the distinction between (permissibly) infringing and (impermissibly) violating a right. In 'A Defence of Infringement', Andrew Botterell maintains that my criticisms and attempted rebuttals of Thomson's position fail, and that despite my efforts to show otherwise, the category of right infringements is secure. In this reply, I explain why I demur.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 15
Date posted: May 18, 2009
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text:
Help Me (My Lips are Too Big)
words and music by Roy Zimmerman
© 2004
(From "Homeland")
Help me, oh help me, my lips are too big
My face is too tight and my lips are too big
I got a horrible crick in my neck
Just trying to carry my lips to this gig
Help me, oh help me, my ass is too firm
My ass is too firm and my abs are too hard
I took a golf ball today in the abs
It bounced off and killed a security guard
Help me, somebody, my tits are too huge
My tits have a different zip code from mine
I got a postcard today from my tits
They saw me at Starbucks behind them in line
(And they miss me)
My cheeks are hollower than the Academy Awards
My teeth are whiter and straighter than the 700 Club
My eyes are bigger than Julius Caesar
My hair has more body than Jeffrey Dahmer's freezer
Oh help me!
Help me!
Help me, oh help me, my lips are too big
My lips are ballooning all over the place
They put too much of my ass in my lips
Now I feel like I'm sitting on my own face


text: My name is Alex. I work with PSSC Labs (www.pssclabs.com) , a manufacturer of custom configured Linux workstations and Beowulf supercomputers. I am interested to see how I can promote PSSC Labs which is one of the very few manufacturers that offers custom configured Linux workstation as well as Beowulf Supercomputer. I am not so interested in banners however if you have section where I can submit PR regarding advances in Linux and supercomputer industry that would be fantastic. Also I noticed in the Links section there is no hardware vendors listing. I would be will do to a link exchage with you immediately. I understand that VA Linux is a sponsor of your site and I do want to disrupt that relationship in anyway however I believe we can assist your members with information and possibly options for hardware. Thanks again for the opportunity and your time. Sincerely, Alex www.PSSCLabs.com -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://linuxmafia.com/pipermail/web-team/attachments/20010322/1c1d7606/attachment.htm


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The state of California could find itself in a battle with the U.S Department of Justice if voters pass Proposition 19 next month.
The proposed measure to legalize marijuana may be the most popular issue on the state's ballot.
"Proposition 19, if it passes, is going to be unconstitutional and void," said Robert Bonner, former director of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. "It is a direct conflict with federal law."
Meanwhile, U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder says the Justice Department is firmly committed to enforcing the controlled substances act in all states -- even if Proposition 19 passes in the Golden State -- a position that's meeting opposition.
"I would remind the attorney general of the words of Abe Lincoln. Our government is for by the people, for the people," former San Jose Police Chief Joseph McNamara said.
The controversial legislation would allow adults in California to possess up to one ounce of marijuana for personal use.
Los Angeles County Sheriff Lee Baca and a number of California law enforcement officials are against the measure.
"We will continue to force the law, in partnership with the federal agencies of America," he said.
However, observers say if voters pass the law, local police will have a tough time making arrests on federal law alone.
"It is difficult for the street line deputy to make arrests on federal cases. They just don't do that. As a former police officer, I can tell you I did not arrest people for federal laws," said Kyle Kazan, a Prop. 19 supporter.
Legalizing marijuana could also mean a financial windfall for the financially-strapped state as pot is California's biggest cash crop
According to some estimates, legalizing marijuana could save nearly $1 billion a year in enforcement costs and also generate $350 million in state and local tax revenue.
"Marijuana is the most popular thing on the ballot. I think it's the only candidate there that has a majority," the San Francisco Chronicle's Phil Matier said.
San Jose has 80 cooperatives that sell marijuana to patients with a doctor's prescription. But legalizing the drug would take its availability to an entirely new level.
It's been 14 years since marijuana became legal with a doctor's note in California. Political analyts say Proposition 19 has a good chance of passing, which is not good news for the Obama administration.
Save California Campaign Against Proposition 19
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1. Got an e-mail the other day from a reader who said "It sure does not seem like the manager change is doing anything."
Well, duh.
Could that be because the idea that the manager was the problem was concocted by fans (and some high-ranking team execs) who just got bored with Joe Torre after 12 years? Who just didn't like him anymore?
A manager change isn't likely to have any effect if the starting pitching is lousy, and right now the Yankees' starting pitching would have to come up about nine levels just to get to lousy.
What's alarming -- or what should be alarming, to the Yankees and their fans, is this:
The Yankees ranked eighth in the league in starters' ERA in 2007, sixth in 2006, eighth in 2005 and sixth in 2004. Only four teams make it to the American League playoffs every year.
So the guy the Yankees got rid of was somebody with a proven track record of managing a team to the playoffs in spite of a lack of playoff-quality starting pitching.
The guy they replaced him with is not.
The guy the Yankees got rid of had a proven track record of staying calm and cool through a tough start and making sure the team got to the playoffs.
The guy they replaced him with does not.
It's possible that the manager change hasn't "done anything" yet. (It certainly doesn't seem to have made the team healthier, as so many people foolishly spent spring training claiming it would.) It's also possible that, by the end of the year, when the AL playoff field is set, you WILL be able to tell the difference between the '07 manager and the '08 one, and that you might not like it.
2. Girardi and the Yankees are insisting that the pitch Kyle Farnsworth threw behind Manny Ramirez's head "just slipped" and was not intentionally thrown at the hitter who'd whacked two home runs in that same game. Baloney. Farsnworth should have been ejected from the game, and he should be suspended. What? The commissioner's office is supposed to wait until somebody actually does hit a batter in the head with a pitch before making a statement that they won't tolerate it?
If there's a decent counter-argument, it was articulated by Ramirez, who last night said this, to Red Sox reporters, about the Farnsworth suspension:
"He doesn't deserve that. He was trying to protect his player. You know, we hit A-Rod the game before. When you've got a guy like that on your team, you're going to protect him. ... That's the way the game is played. You hit one of their guys and they're going to hit one of yours."
That makes a lot more sense than Farnsworth's insistence that the ball slipped, or Girardi's treatises on the necessity of pitching inside. (Inside? The ball was behind the guy!)
And when Manny Ramirez is making more sense than you are, you really do need to step back and do some thinking.
3. When you cover baseball long enough, you see a lot of situations like the one Joba Chamberlain went through this week -- a player leaves the team because a family member is sick or worse. If it's a player with whom you feel close, you may feel a little extra tug.
But what's rare is to feel a connection with the sick relative. Everybody who covers the Yankees has met and conversed with Harlan Chamberlain, and anyone who's done that has been touched emotionally by a remarkable man.
When the writers told Joba yesterday they were happy to hear his dad was doing better, they weren't just being polite.


text:
Turnout for Tuesday's elections in the Santa Clarita Valley was fairly typical for off-year elections.
That's another way of saying it was meager.
Less than 7 percent of the more than 112,000 registered voters in Santa Clarita cast ballots on Tuesday, according to numbers from the Los Angeles County Office of Registrar-Recorder/County Clerk.
"Where is everybody?" asked Matthew Porcellino, who worked the polling station at Mint Canyon Elementary School in Canyon Country on Tuesday. "Nobody votes. It doesn't make sense. I'd love to see more people vote."
At the polling station at the Hyatt Regency Valencia, Jon Conley said he had seen only about four people come by as of 1 p.m. Tuesday.
"We wait here all day," he said. "We came last night to set everything up."
And while polling place turnout doesn't paint a complete picture in this day of increasingly popular mail-in balloting, the numbers returned by the Registrar-Recorder/County Clerk show participation was even lower than in past elections.
None of the four local elections on Tuesday came close to seeing more than 10 percent of eligible voters take the time to cast a ballot, according to county records.
In the Newhall School District, only 2,764 ballots were cast out of 39,919 registered voters, good for a voter participation of 6.9 percent.
The top vote-getter in the Newhall district this election year was Christy Smith, who received 1,733 votes.
There was no election for the Newhall district board in 2011, but in the 2009 election 5,916 ballots were cast, according to the county.
The candidate who placed fifth in the 2009 election, K. Scott Miller, received 1,572 votes, which would have put him second in this year's election.
Despite the decrease in participation, Smith said in an interview on election night that she was somewhat surprised turnout ended up being as high as it was.
"I really appreciate the numbers of people who did get out to vote," she said.
In the Saugus Union School District, only 3,872 ballots were cast out of an eligible voter pool of 58,253, a voter participation of around 6.6 percent, according to county figures.
That is a notable decline from the last school board election in 2011, when 5,159 votes were cast, according to the county.
Judy Umeck, the top vote-getter from this past election, received 2,328 votes, a figure that is lower than the top two candidates received in 2011.
Of the 17 candidates vying for board seats in four local districts on Tuesday, only two — Umeck and fellow Saugus district board member Paul De La Cerda — received more than 2,000 votes, according to figures from the county.
Sulphur Springs
The story was much the same in the Sulphur Springs School District, where an eligible voter pool of 31,247 yielded only 2,142 ballots, a voter participation of about 6.8 percent.
That is 27.3 percent lower than in 2011, when 2,949 votes were cast in the district, according to county figures.
The top vote-getter in 2011 received 1,870 votes, while Ken Chase, the lead candidate in 2013, received 1,263.
Chase said he made a concerted effort to encourage people to vote.
"I think we really worked hard getting out people to vote and I'm hoping that made a difference in the turnout," he said Tuesday.
Newhall County Water
The Newhall County Water District rounds out a quartet of elections that saw falling participation. In the last election for the water district's board of directors in 2009, more than 3,000 people voted. This time around, only around 1,800 took the time to vote, despite both elections featuring four candidates vying for three seats.
Low voter turnout was not unique to the Santa Clarita Valley.
Countywide, only about 9.91 percent of eligible registered voters cast ballots in this election, according to county officials, with a total of 174,025 ballots counted and processed Tuesday.
That, too, is a decrease from the most recent off-year election in 2011, when 11.71 percent of county voters cast ballots.
Failed date changes
Local school districts, as well as the Newhall County Water District, petitioned the county earlier this year to change election dates for board seats from odd-numbered to even-numbered years, a move they said would reduce the cost of putting on elections as well as increase voter turnout by aligning local races with higher-profile elections such as those for president or governor.
About 78 percent of the more than 94,000 eligible voters cast ballots in the November 2012 election in Santa Clarita, when national races were on the ballot. Unincorporated areas of the Santa Clarita Valley saw similarly high turnout.
Comparatively, only around 12 percent of the then-90,000 eligible voters in Santa Clarita cast ballots in 2011 and fewer than 7 percent did so this year, falling figures that are also reflected in unincorporated areas.
County staffers, citing added costs and capacity constraints on the ballot, urged members of the Board of Supervisors to deny the move.
Supervisors eventually split 2-2-1 on the item, causing the move to fail.
Signal photographer Charlie Kaijo contributed reporting to this story.
On Twitter @LukeMMoney


text:
What Is RSS? Depending on who you ask, RSS stands for either "Rich Site Summary" or "Really Simple Syndication." But no matter what you call it, RSS is an XML-based format for content distribution. tv3.co.nz offers several RSS feeds for use in news readers and Web logs (blogs). These feeds include headlines, summaries and links back to tv3.co.nz for the full article. RSS feeds are free. What Do I Need To Do To Receive RSS Feeds? First, you need a so-called 'feed reader'. Performing a search for: "RSS Feed Readers" in any major online search engine such as Google or Yahoo! will produce a number of software options - many of which are free (or at little cost). Once you have obtained a feed reader, subscribing to our RSS feed is as simple as looking for the appropriate XML code - simply look for the RSS logo: . Click the button and your web browser typically goes to a page of obscure code. Just copy the web "address" or URL of that page and plug it into your feed reader. The software will then automatically retrieve and display TV3's latest news information. Why Would An Ordinary Web User Like Me Like RSS? The advantages of RSS are quite simple - they save time and bandwidth. Instead of remembering to visit the TV3 website, the news comes directly into your computer daily - or at whatever interval you want. What's more, most RSS feeds contain just links, headlines, or brief synopsis of new information only. That means the small amount of Web data can be sent to any XML-compatible device - a cell phone, pager, or handheld computer - without a lengthy download process. More importantly, RSS gives you control over receiving information you want without revealing information about yourself. Unlike subscribing to an e-mail newsletter, you never have to give out your e-mail address with an RSS feed. That avoids the possibility of receiving spam or unwanted junk e-mail from the Web site.
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text:
ISCSI takes its rightful place beside Fibre Channel
There are no absolute rules on what you can and can't do when it comes to Fibre Channel and iSCSI. This article covers some of the important pros and cons to each approach.
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text:
Snowboarding Forum - Snowboard Enthusiast Forums (http://www.snowboardingforum.com/forum.php)
- Outerwear and Accessories (http://www.snowboardingforum.com/outerwear-accessories/)
- - Oakley/Electric/Dye...thoughts? (http://www.snowboardingforum.com/outerwear-accessories/131210-oakley-electric-dye-thoughts.html)
gonna get new goggles soon and im kinda torn between the Canopy, EG2 and CLK.
what i want out of my goggles:
1. maximum visibility
2. a close second is quality/durability
3. a distant third is comfort
and i don't care about looks at all
i tried on both the Canopy and EG2 and i think the EG2 has just a hair better field of view. but i know oakley is quality brand. i dont know much about electric. are electrics any good? any known problems i should know about? i recently came across the Dye CLKs but i havent tried them on yet. but i have the same concerns with them. are they good? any issues with them? i know they're a top of the line paintball company and i would assume if they can make lenses for their face masks to withstand constant paintball shots and fog that they would be good at making snow goggles. i wasn't even thinking about them until i visited their website last night and saw the CLKs. a quick changing, oversized lens?...that comes with 2 extra lenses (one of them is polarized) for $250!? yes please! any info would be appreciated. also, keep in mind i have a big head and a big nose. to give you a reference, oakley splices are way too small for me
10 Attachment(s)
I actually just bought a pair of CLK goggles off Ebay. Used them for the first time this weekend. Came with 2 pair of lenses. Built well. Very comfortable. Excellent visibility. Nice case to hold the goggles plus extra lenses. Lense changing is incredibly easy. Honestly the quickest and easy change I've ever experienced from any goggle system I've used from any sport save for one....my Dye i4 paintball goggles.
But I did have one Con. The HD lenses did fog on me. But in their defense I did wear them the day before in rain and just put them away without ever really letting them dry. I switched in the mirrored pair and had zero issues all day
I haven't tried out the other goggles listed but I do own the EG2. Personally I love them. Great field of view and never had them fog up. The only thing is that I do find they slightly pinch down slightly on my nose. Other than that...love them.
Owning all of those in the past and some currently - i can tell you that my CLK's are the best goggles i have ever owned (and i've owned over 30 pairs) And like Soul said - coming from a paintball background Dye makes incredible products.
One more vote for EG2.
I love my EG2's, GREAT field of view, and great comfort. I highly recommend them
thanks for the info everyone. now that i know they're all good quality i can just try them all on and pick whatever ones i like better. thanks again
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HAVANA - Cuba's Supreme Court has set a July 22 date to consider an appeal by U.S. contractor Alan Gross, who was sentenced to 15 years in prison on charges of illegally importing communications equipment, state television said Thursday.
"The accused and his lawyer were informed of the decision this morning . . . as well as U.S. authorities," said an official message that was also posted on government websites.
The appeal is Gross' final legal recourse. After that, the Cuban government would consider whether to free him for humanitarian or political reasons.


text:
Meeting complete strangers while in the buff isn't just a recurring nightmare anymore. It's reality!
Reality TV, that is. On VH1's wacky new venture Dating Naked, singles looking for love – or just looking to look – let it all hang out in hopes of meeting the one. Set up on multiple nude dates, contestants must choose the person they're most compatible with.
While some appear extremely nervous, others take a liking to going full monty. "Usually it takes me three or four dates to see my girl naked," one contestant says. "This was such a time saver."
From surfing to horseback riding (ouch!), couples get to know each other inside and (mostly) out while vacationing on a picturesque island. Thanks to some well-placed blurred lines, viewers don't have to get to know them too well.
One thing's for sure: Going in for a kiss at the end of the date is far less risky than trying for a hug.
Dating Naked premieres Thursday, July 17, at 9/8c on VH1. Watch an exclusive extended preview below.
TV Watch People Exclusive
Couples Bare More Than Their Souls on Reality Show Dating Naked (VIDEO)
Courtesy Dating Naked


text:
Hartley crowned 2012 Kent champions
Hartley became Shepherd Neame Kent Premier League Champions for 2012 after their win over Sevenoaks Vine ensured they retained their Premier League title.
Less fortunate were Canterbury whose defeat at home by Lordswood sealed their destiny and they will play in Division 1 next year. They will be joined by either Tunbridge Wells or Bickley Park who are separated by just 11 points.
Tunbridge Wells entertain Blackheath next Saturday whilst Bickley Park travel to Beckenham.
On a rain affected afternoon, the game at Hartley between the two title contenders was delayed but they were able to play a 40 over match. Hartley elected to field and Ollie Howick starred with the bat for Sevenoaks Vine blasting 84 as the Vine posted a useful target of 142 for five for Hartley to chase.
Hartley succeeded in their quest, reaching the target for the loss of five wickets with an over in hand.
The only other match to produce a definitive result was down at Canterbury. Lordswood invited their hosts to bat. Canterbury began well enough, Dominic Chambers scoring 53, Tim Bishop 34 and James Lilley 41 but those apart, the Canterbury batting was poor and with Dan Masters taking 3-26 they rather meandered their way to 183 for eight.
Lyndon Lockhart paved the way for Lordswood with 47 and Matt Greenwood 50 not out and Chris Piesley also unbeaten with 32 saw them comfortably home in the 40th over.
The remaining three matches were all incomplete. The highlight was an unbeaten 134 by Bromley's Wayne Morgan as they posted 235 for three for Tunbridge Wells to chase the rain ending the game with them on 75 for four, Alex Williams scoring 47.
Faisal Shahid scored 67 for Blackheath as they were bowled out for 202 by Beckenham, the rain preventing any further play. A similar outcome at Bickley Park where Bexley reached 224 for six at tea, Greg Bane 74 and George Wells 54 when the heavens opened, concluding another wet Saturday.


text:
Rent Interstellar Turbulence 1st edition today, or search our site for other textbooks by Andrew King. Every textbook comes with a 21-day "Any Reason" guarantee. Published by Cambridge University Press.
Need help ASAP? We have you covered with 24/7 instant online tutoring. Connect with one of our Astrophysics tutors now.


text:
Top Definition
A pat of the butt, used by male athletes used to signify a good play/move.
dodane przez GangstaT-man październik 05, 2008
Trending Now
Can you define these popular missing words?
When playing a sports game (ie) Fifa 11 and getting slapped 2-1 by Real Madrid when your Barcalona
Man you got your ass slapped 2-1 as Barcalona!
dodane przez JBregz styczeń 29, 2011
The act of slapping one's ass, often in conjunction with one or more ass(es); an insult often derived by pulling one's pants down, instructing someone to place their face vertical to the ground and within the vicinity of exposed ass, and summarily having it slapped by said ass.
dodane przez SuperJohnny październik 28, 2008


text:
Alex Glass
This film was shot last week in Orlando, Florida. David Foreman is continually throwing new tricks in his bag so keep an eye out for more to come! Great job David, and thanks to everyone who helped to make this possible!
music: "hello operator" - The White Stripes
Film / Edit : ALEX GLASS
email : firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
APWA has the finest educational program in the public works community. What follows are brief summaries of just a few of the 150-plus educational sessions and workshops at our recent Congress in Kansas City.
Working Effectively With the Media (Pre-Congress Workshop)
Presented by Michelle Bono, Director of Communications, City of Tallahassee, Florida
From replacing a bridge in the heart of the community, to roads closed by snow or floods, to an investigation of employees caught sleeping on the job...they are all certain to garner media attention and often it's not the kind of attention you want. How to tell your government's story and get your message out to your customers through the media was the focus of one of the Pre-Congress Workshops entitled "Working Effectively with the Media."
Participants learned how to determine their key messages on any topic and how to help ensure the media repeats those messages. Where you stand, what's going on in the background, how to show empathy, anticipating difficult questions and having a good response, and even knowing when to be quiet, were all discussed as key elements in preparing for a media interview. While waiting to be called by the media may be the preferred course of action for many, the workshop explored the advantages of being the first to get the news out, even when it's negative. A critical component is being able to explain how the problem was discovered, what's being done to address it, and what's being done to limit the chances of the same problem occurring in the future.
The workshop highlight, however, was the actual "on camera" interviews of class participants with an "attack dog" reporter determined to make them squirm! They had a chance to try putting their new skills into action, with results that ranged from "Hey, it worked!" to "I need more practice!"
At a time when citizens expect public works professionals to be inclusive, open and accountable, it is more critical than ever to help ensure you have the skills to get your message across through the media who provide a major communications tool. It's a skill that participants learned requires both knowledge and practice to perfect.
Road Salts in Canada: A Toxic Topic
Presented by Gary H. Welsh, Roads and Traffic Services Director, City of Toronto, Ontario; Barry E. Belcourt, Director, Road Maintenance, City of Edmonton, Alberta; and Sandi Moser, Program Officer, CEPA Implementation, Environment Canada, Hull, Quebec
In Canada, over $1 billion is spent annually on winter maintenance including road salts. Road salts (particularly sodium chloride) are the preferred deicing/anti-icing chemicals for maintaining winter roadway safety because of their cost, effectiveness, and ease of handling. Excessive use of salt can have environmental impacts and, recognizing their responsibility to the environment, many road authorities across Canada are taking positive actions towards implementing salt best management practices. Salt management plans provide a vehicle for road agencies to document salt management initiatives and progress towards implementation of those initiatives. The amount of salt used is a function of local policies, practices, roadway system and weather conditions. Because of the variability of conditions across Canada, salt management initiatives need to be developed and implemented locally by each road authority. The TAC Road Salt Management Working Group has developed this framework to support road authorities in their pursuit of best management practices and the preparation of salt management plans.
TAC's Salt Management Guide and series of Codes of Practice are intended to assist road authorities as they find ways to more effectively manage their salt use. Codes of Practice have been produced on Road and Bridge Design, Design of Road Maintenance Yards, Pavement Design, Drainage and Stormwater Management, Good Housekeeping Practices, Vegetation Management and Winter Maintenance Equipment. Salt Management Plan is another in the series of Codes of Practice related to the effective management of road salt. The codes are provided as advice to road maintainers for consideration when developing their own policies, practices and procedures. The codes are not intended to be used prescriptively but are to be used in concert with the legislation, manuals, directives and procedures of individual road agencies.
City of Edmonton road salt strategy will also be reviewed to detail how a salt management plan can actually work.
Crisis Communications for Public Works
Presented by Cora Jackson-Fossett, Public Affairs Director, Department of Public Works, City of Los Angeles, California
Cora Jackson-Fossett is the public affairs director for the City of Los Angeles Department of Public Works. In her session "Crisis Communications for Public Works," Jackson-Fossett presented a nuts and bolts emergency communications action plan that, if followed, will enable public officials to operate with a high degree of efficiency during times of disaster.
"A crisis communications action plan is essential for every public works department regardless of size," said Jackson-Fossett. "The goal should be to make the public aware of the status of a city's operations and activities during a time of emergency, which could be anything from a sewer spill to a power interruption to an act of terrorism."
In the presentation, Jackson-Fossett outlined the steps to be taken, the role of the public information officer (PIO), where that person is in the line of command, and the PIO's basic responsibility in providing factual, accurate and timely information to the news media and the public. She also discussed information that should be made available to the public, including issues of basic concern such as the location of nearby animal shelters and alternative modes of transportation.
She offered tips in getting the message out to a multicultural community like Los Angeles, where more than 100 languages are spoken. "This city has three daily newspapers, 45 community papers, 20 TV stations and about 30 radio stations," she said. "Such a community has a great and tremendous potential for both good and bad communications."
Some of the communications tools she suggests are very unique. In addition to the usual radio, TV outlets and print outlets, there are vehicles in every community as the Goodyear Blimp, internet publications, and ham radio operators.
Self-Assessment Using the Management Practices Manual — a Tool for Improving Operations and Management (Pre-Congress Workshop)
Presented by William A. Sterling, Public Works Director, Greeley, Colorado
In an ongoing effort to promote APWA's Self-Assessment Process, a one-day seminar regarding the program was held during the Congress in Kansas City.
The nearly 40 participants received an introduction on how to conduct a self-assessment of their public works practices. In addition, information concerning the accreditation process was provided.
Some of the topics discussed included the following:
Mentoring—A Personal Legacy to Your Profession
Presented by John Ostrowski, Management Consultant, JOMC, Vancouver, Washington; Dennis Scott, Associate Vice President-Human Resources, Burns and McDonnell, Kansas City, Missouri
Mentoring is as old as the ancient Greek after whom it is named. In more recent history, John Ostrowski related his understanding of some early efforts at mentoring by Roy Morris when he was the City Engineer of Seattle in the 1960s and current, more fully-developed programs at the Boeing Company. Some of this experience led him to develop the Public Works Administrator Training in Washington and Oregon.
The Training Program is a career guidance course that helps younger professionals decide if they want to pursue a career as a public works leader. The course content is heavily oriented toward people skills and is taught by seasoned public works professionals. This last feature of the course is what makes the program a mentoring opportunity. Over 200 people have taken the course and many have established an ongoing mentoring relationship with the course instructors. Anyone with broad experience in public works can use this course outline to teach what they know and tell the relevant stories that less experienced professionals are looking for. The benefits to the profession and society that come from passing on what we've learned are tremendous.
At Burns & McDonnell Engineering in Kansas City, the formal mentoring program was developed to introduce new employees to the company culture and to develop staff. The program lasts one year for each participant and great care is taken to ensure that there is a good fit between the individuals involved and that both parties are willing to participate. The program has improved employee retention, increased productivity, been an effective recruiting tool, benefited the mentors, and increased job satisfaction.
It's Not Really the Money: Top 10 Reasons Why Employees Leave
Presented by Phyllis Elikai, Chief Administrative Officer, McKim & Creed, Wilmington, North Carolina
Why do you think your employees leave your organization? A better paying job? Studies show that lack of competitive compensation can be dissatisfying, but compensation alone won't keep people if they are dissatisfied in other key areas. Our focus as managers should be really understanding and using the true motivators of our staff to propel our people and organizations upward. To do that, we must know what motivates each individual with whom we work. We all have our own cultures, baggage, backgrounds and particular situations that determine what motivates us. Your job as a leader of people is to find out what that is.
So, as Phyllis Elikai asks, how do you find out how your staff feels about working there and what's important to them?


text:
1. Red Dead Redemption
This is it! The big one. Red Dead Redemption was absolutely miles ahead when it came to the public vote, and Rockstar's latest comprehensively takes the throne as the VideoGamer.com Community's Game of the Year 2010. In his review, Neon called it, "a magnificent piece of work that everybody should play."
But what did the beloved community make of it?
FantasyMeister said: "Red Dead just blows the opposition away - new IP, original setting, fantastic storyline."
GeNeCyDe1993 said: "Very few games captivate me into cramming as much gaming as possible into such few spare hours. Even fewer games captivate me SO much that I try and press this onto other people. On top of the 50+ hour campaign, which offers tonnes of replayability, there is the incredible online multiplayer allowing you to posse up and wander the entire gaming world, take on other posses, complete challenges or even take part in co-op missions. Red Dead ticks all the boxes for Game of the Year. And then some."
Wido said: "Its captivating story is what brought out Red Dead's true colours, and Rockstar set the Western scene ablaze."
rbevanx said: "This is what a game should be for me, as it had a world full of character, depth and is also stunningly detailed. The ending is one of the best, and the acting is the best from what I can remember in a videogame."
Get2DaChoppa said: "Some people said 'just GTA with horses', well some people were wrong. Engaging characters, beautiful vistas, epic gunfights....oh and horses."
For more end of year content, head over to our Game of the Year 2010 hub. Amongst other things you'll be able to watch videos in which we talk about each game in the Top 10.


text:
TouchDevelop: A touch-first IDE for the Web created with TypeScript
- Date: to
- Day 3
- B92 Odyssey
- 3-018
- Speakers: Michal Moskal
- 2 comments
Loading user information from Channel 9
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Right click "Save as…"
TouchDevelop is a novel, touch-first IDE originally written as a Windows Phone 7 app using C# and XAML. TouchDevelop lets you create WP7, Win8 and Web-apps directly on your phone, tablet, or desktop. Trying to build the JavaScript version, both for Win8 and the Web, we were frustrated by the complete lack of compile-time checking. We thus got very excited to be one of the very early adopters of TypeScript, a typed superset of JavaScript that compiles to idiomatic JavaScript.
Oops, something didn't work.
It's really coming to something when a damn code editor needs a 'social experience'.
People still using MSFT powerpoint for presentation like designer use dreamweaver.
Comments have been closed since this content was published more than 30 days ago, but if you'd like to continue the conversation, please create a new thread in our Forums, or Contact Us and let us know.


text:
Entertainment Photos
Photos: Famous North Texas dads, in honor of Father's Day
Photo: File/Richard Michael Pruitt
Phil McGraw, TV's Dr. Phil, and son Jordan walk the halls of the Junkins Building at SMU during Jordan's freshman orientation in 2005. Dr. Phil spent much of his childhood in North Texas, and a master's degree from UNT.
Father's Day gift guide: 15 ideas that go beyond the tie
Father's Day musings on why we love Atticus Finch and other literary dads (some with DFW connections)
See 16 fun photos of President George H.W. Bush in honor of his 89th birthday
Photos: Dallas celebrities, athletes and their moms just in time for Mother's Day
To post a comment, log into your chosen social network and then add your comment below. Your comments are subject to our Terms of Service and the privacy policy and terms of service of your social network. If you do not want to comment with a social network, please consider writing a letter to the editor.


text:
Last year figleaves.com helped local charity Teens Unite to hold a fund raising dinner and fashion show. We felt privileged to be invited back again to help out this year, and the event really lived up to our expectations.
Established in 2007 Teens Unite Fighting Cancer is dedicated to helping improve the lives of young people between the ages of 13-24 battling with life limiting illnesses. The organisation is funded entirely by contributions and holds fund raising events such as dragon boat racing, bike rides and celebrity parties and fashion shows, in order to raise money and provide support for teenagers affected by cancer.
This event was held on Wednesday at Tewin Bury Farm in Hertfordshire, guests were welcomed with champagne, before being guided to their table where figleaves.com gift bags lay waiting. Each of our bags for life contained a pair of cute figleaves knickers, gorgeously scented draw liners and a handy tape measure, along with some Toni and Guy hair products and a Teens Unite t-shirt.
Founders Karen Millen OBE and Debbie Pezzani began proceedings, thanking guests for their attendance. A delicious three course meal was then served, followed by two truly humbling and emotional speeches from Ediz and Kayleigh, two teens fighting against their illness. Both have shown great courage and strength, proving to be true inspirations.
Various prizes were then auctioned off, including a digital camera, VIP passes to a safari park (won by our very own CEO Julia Reynolds) and a figleaves cashmere hat and scarf set.
Choreographed by GMTV's Kevin Adams, with hair and makeup supplied by Toni and Guy, the figleaves.com fashion show wowed the audience. Walking to music by the Kings of Leon and Katy Perry, the models (girls and guys) looked amazing strutting down the catwalk in our lingerie, nightwear and loungewear. figleaves volunteers worked busily behind the scenes dressing each model, ensuring a smooth and fantastic show.
figleaves intimates Mia, figleaves boudoir Jolie
Diesel Fresh and Bright, figleaves men Fashion 2 Pack
figleaves nightwear Coco, Butterfly Blue by figleaves.com Enchanted Silky Teddy
Everyone involved from figleaves.com thoroughly enjoyed their evening, feeling extremely privileged to be involved with such a good cause. Planning is already underway for our next involvement with Teens Unite...5k run anyone?!


text:
This Week's Saturday Show & Tell Sponsor:
Hershey's BOO Blvd.
Come Trick or Treat down Hershey's BOO Blvd. and find tons of
great Halloween recipes, crafts, costume ideas, and more!
Look carefully under a purple hat to find Cheerios and Lattes' featured post on
Tips for Creating the Perfect Halloween Costume!
Anyone else LOVE Hershey's Delicious Treats?
Enter NOW to win a package of Hershey treats; 20 winners will be chosen!
Come VOTE for the 1st Iron Chef Mom this weekend!
This week was the first party and was hosted right here on Cheerios and Lattes.
The 'Featured Ingredient' was APPLES!
Join us next Tuesday for Iron Chef Mom, the "Featured Ingredient' will be CHOCOLATE!
Be sure to follow the hosts on Facebook, Twitter, or Google + so you will know where to find us on Tuesday!
Click HERE to meet the hosts, read all the details, and grab a button!
Hope to see you all back on Tuesday with your best Chocolate recipes!
Thank you to everyone who shared so many
fantastic ideas last week!
Here are Last Week's Featured Favorites!
1. Build Your Own Airport Play by Christine @Three Gentlemen and a Lady
2. Pirate Party Ideas by Shatzi @Love and Laundry
3. Kiddie Coffee Shop by Haley @Ever Never Again
4. Candy Corn Button Picture by Hilani @Homemade by Hilani
5. Candy Corn Math by Julie @Hey Mommy, Chocolate Milk
6. 50 Halloween Costume Ideas for Twins (or Siblings) by Holli @Full Hands, Full Hearts
7. Modern Fall Mantel by Barbara @Chase the Star
1. 30+ Halloween Candy Treats by Kelly @Semi Homemade Mom
2. Caprese Panini by Randi @Delightful Dictation
3. Edible Squash Monsters by Jodie @Jodie Fitz.com
4. Chunky Pumpkin Chutney by Sheryl @Wilderness Wife
5. Pumpkin Trifle by Michele @Better Organized Living
6. Outback's Alice Spring's Chicken Copycat by Shaunna @Tempting Thyme
Now it's your turn to share!
We are sending out a weekly email reminder for Saturday Show & Tell Link up. If you would like to be added to the email list, send us an email with the subject "Add me to the link-up email!" at cheeriosandlattes{at}gmail{dot}com. If you are receiving the email and already have it marked on your link-up calendar; feel free to email me with the subject "Remove from link-up email" and I'll be glad to do so; no hurt feelings I promise! Nobody likes an overage of emails!


text:
A second try: I have added a D-Link DGE-528T on my PC but I can't
figure out if there is any
valid driver I can use. I run a AMD Athlon on a VIA K8M800 motherboard
with Nevada_b27,
and the built in network comes right up as rtls0.
I've tried the skge driver with no success. I did pkgrm SK98sol;
rem_drv skge
pkgadd SKGEsolx which said:
Processing package instance <SKGEsolx> from
## Installing package <SKGEsolx> in global zone
SysKonnect Gigabit Ethernet Adapter families 64 bit driver(i386)
SysKonnect GmbH
IP configuration
Do you want to configure the IP interfaces now (y/n)? n
Using </> as the package base directory.
## Processing package information.
## Processing system information.
10 package pathnames are already properly installed.
## Verifying disk space requirements.
## Checking for conflicts with packages already installed.
## Checking for setuid/setgid programs.
This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-user
permission during the process of installing this package.
Do you want to continue with the installation of <SKGEsolx> [y,n,?] y
Installing SysKonnect Gigabit Ethernet Adapter families 64 bit driver
as <SKGEsolx>
## Executing preinstall script.
## Installing part 1 of 1.
[ verifying class <none> ]
[ verifying class <master> ]
## Executing postinstall script.
add_drv skge
devfsadm: driver failed to attach: skge
Warning: Driver (skge) successfully added to system but failed to
SKGEsolx driver load failed!
pkgadd: ERROR: postinstall script did not complete successfully
Installation of <SKGEsolx> partially failed.
## Interrupted: package <SKGEsolx> not installed in any non-global
1 package was not processed!
/usr/X11/bin/scanpci -vsays
pci bus 0x0000 cardnum 0x09 function 0x00: vendor 0x1186 device 0x4300
D-Link System Inc DGE-528T Gigabit Ethernet Adapter
STATUS 0x02b0 COMMAND 0x0007
CLASS 0x02 0x00 0x00 REVISION 0x10
BIST 0x00 HEADER 0x00 LATENCY 0x40 CACHE 0x08
BASE0 0x00009001 addr 0x00009000 I/O
BASE1 0xeb000000 addr 0xeb000000 MEM
MAX_LAT 0x40 MIN_GNT 0x20 INT_PIN 0x01 INT_LINE 0x05
prtconf -pv says
Node 0x00000c
compatible: 'pci1186,4300.1186.4300.10' +
'pci1186,4300.1186.4300' + 'pci1186,4300' + 'pci1186,4300.10' +
'pci1186,4300' + 'pciclass,020000' + 'pciclass,0200'
model: 'Ethernet controller'
power-consumption: 00000001.00000001
devsel-speed: 00000001
interrupts: 00000001
max-latency: 00000040
min-grant: 00000020
subsystem-vendor-id: 00001186
subsystem-id: 00004300
unit-address: '9'
class-code: 00020000
revision-id: 00000010
vendor-id: 00001186
device-id: 00004300
name: 'pci1186,4300'


text: A bin of 40 parts contains 5 that are defective. A sample of three is selected at random without replacement. a) What is the number of the elements of the sample space of this experiment? b) Let�s consider an event such that all three selected parts are defective. Determine the number of elements of this event. c) What is the probability that only two of these three selected parts are defective?


text:
The Latest News
The New York Times on OpenIDEO
The New York Times
Fixes blogger Tina Rosenberg writes an editorial about crowdsourcing. Mainly interested in "what crowdsourcing can do to help civilians contribute to social change in a way that is both useful and emotionally satisfying," she references OpenIDEO and a number of challenges that have run on the open innovation platform.
Crowdsourced Radiation Map of Japan
BBVA's ATM Wins iF Communication Design Award
BBVA's ATM won an award in the "product interface" category of the iF Communication Design Awards 2011.
Read more here.
Business People Into Business Designers
Rotman Magazine
David and Arvind cover eight concepts that can help cultivate a business design mindset. They are: look beyond your industry; apply rich constraints; use tangible provocations; use letters and numbers; speak to your crowd; deliver stories, not data; aim, ideate, repeat; and let go of "right."
Introducing IDEO.org
In the fall of 2011, IDEO is announcing a new nonprofit organization, IDEO.org. It's aimed at addressing poverty and spreading human-centered design through the social sector. Fortune, Core77, Fast Company's Co. Design, MediaBistro's Unbeige, Skoll Foundation, and Dexigner talk about the news.
Federal Agencies and Innovation
Washington Post
IDEO's Fred Dust is interviewed by the Partnership for Public Service's Tom Fox on how federal agencies can overcome barriers to innovation. He talks about the need for long-term, sustainable innovation cultures and the role of storytelling in motivating workplaces.


text:
Confession - Pees in Sinks
3:54 minutes Confession - Pees in Sinks
Listen to this week's Wake Up Call Confession and find out why this guy won't pee in public toilets...
| More
Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on June 6, 2011 - 12:44pm.
Maybe he's not crazy after all! Check this out! EW!


text:
This is a discussion on [News] GDM2 2.20.0 Released; New KateOS 3.6 Reviews - Linux ; GDM2 2.20.0 (stable), the âBeautiful Bayâ Release ,----[ Quote ] | If you have no clue what GDM is, refer to the documentation links | at the bottom of this announcement. | | The 2.20.0 release is a stable release ...
GDM2 2.20.0 (stable), the âBeautiful Bayâ Release
,----[ Quote ]
| If you have no clue what GDM is, refer to the documentation links
| at the bottom of this announcement.
| The 2.20.0 release is a stable release of the GNOME Display Manager
| (GDM) program with the following bug fixes and improvements.
ReviewLinux.Com: My First Look at KateOS 3.6 Live
,----[ Quote ]
| KateOS 3.6 Live was release just a day ago and after 8 months of development
| I just thought I would take a quick look at it. Enjoy the few screenshots and
| flash video of the desktop in action.
KateOS 3.2: Installation Made Easy
,----[ Quote ]
| Presently KateOS is ranked thirty-third at DistroWatch.
| [...]
| In general KateOS Live 3.2 Beta seems to run very nice and
| the time I have spent with it so far has definitely been
| enjoyable. In fact, I am considering installing KateOS 3.2
| on a few production machines. Having an installer built
| into the LiveCD has become the de facto standard for Linux
| distributions, and it's great to see KateOS finally shine in this area.
KateOS 3.6 Released
,----[ Quote ]
| The final version of KateOS 3.6 is now available. This version represents
| eight months of development, and we can proudly say that this time was not
| wasted. KateOS now fulfills our users' requirements better than ever, while
| being both modern and stable. This new version contains hundreds of updated
| packages, lots of bugfixes, and many improved solutions. Â* Â*


text:
New subscription
Renew my subscription
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Active within 3138 Days
Hi! My name is Salem
I am Domestic Longhair from Boring, OR
Nicknames: Teddy-bear
Age: 17 years old
Gender: M
Coat: long haired
My favorite tricks and treats are: I'm a hunter. That is my trick. I am the best! and Deli cuts!
Where I hang out: The garage.
My favorite grubs: Tuna and chicken...and mice.
My pet peeves: Being told I can't walk all over the car.
What I love about my owners: She pets me and knows that I'm not really a tough kitty deep down...I just want loves!
My cat hobbies: Hunt for mice and birds!
Pet motto: Do you have any food?
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I was sort of inherrited. I was born in to the family.
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MONROE — A judge has given a Monroe Township woman, accused of killing her husband, more time to find a new lawyer .
Superior Court Judge Michael Toto today postponed his decision until Sept. 12 whether to grant Tianle Li's attorney, Steven Altman, permission to be released as her attorney in her murder case. Li told the judge she applied in June for a public defender, but the application has not yet been approved. A court official who signs off on the applications told the judge Li had not provided all of the financial information needed.
Toto gave Li two weeks to get her income tax returns in to officials and said if the application is denied, "I have to decide whether Mr. Altman should remain in the case." Li is charged in the slaying of her husband, Xiaoye (Alex) Wang, 39, by poisoning him with thallium — highly toxic as well as odorless and tasteless — from Nov. 2010 until his death at University Medical Center in Princeton on Jan. 26. Middlesex County Assistant Prosecutor Nicholas Sewitch said Li gave thallium to Wang in the hospital, where he admitted himself on Jan. 14. It was not confirmed until Jan. 25 that he suffered from thallium poisoning. Authorities said Li, a chemist at Bristol-Myers Squibb, obtained the poison from work.
In a wrongful death suit filed in Camden last week, Wang's family maintain Wang told doctors upon his hospital admission that he believed his wife was poisoning him with thallium, but they thought he was suffering from paranoia.
Previous coverage:
• Family of Monroe Township man files wrongful death suit after alleged poisoning by wife
• Family of Monroe Township man allegedly fatally poisoned by wife sues her employer, Bristol Myers-Squibb
• Lawyer for Monroe Township woman facing murder charges asks to step down, citing finances
• Prosecutor says Monroe woman continued to poison estranged husband at Princeton hospital
• Before Monroe man's fatal poisoning, couple had history of domestic disputes
• Doctors, scientists searched for antidote for Monroe man dying from thallium poisoning
• Monroe woman pleads not guilty to fatally poisoning husband


text:
Nutrition History Beri-beri Culinary History Discovery of Vitamins Infant Feeding Obesity Pediatric Nutrition Pellagra Rickets and Vitamin D Scurvy and Vitamin C
Nutrition History
The imperative of preserving the historical records of science has long been appreciated by scholars in many fields (e.g. Medicine, chemistry, mathematics, physics, and, more recently, nuclear physics and biochemistry). Medicine and chemistry conspicuously have led the way in building impressive centers of history. The science of nutrition had no center of history until 1975, when Vanderbilt University created "An Accessible Archives of Human Experience in Nutrition", consisting of an extensive collection of monographs on the history of nutrition, 15th century-20th century, and an archive of the personal papers of nutrition scientists. This collection was formalized as a result of the initial major gift by Dr. W. Henry Sebrell, Jr. of his papers and those of Dr. Joseph Goldberger. Vanderbilt's History of Nutrition Collection and Archives has grown significantly since 1975 and has attained national and international recognition.
This collection is maintained in the Special Collections of the Eskind Biomedical Library. It represents the efforts and contributions of many individuals during the last three decades plus the encouraging support of the Medical Center's administration and of the major nutrition science society, the American Institute of Nutrition (AIN).
Vanderbilt's History of Nutrition Collection is particularly rich in the subject areas listed to the left.
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