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German railway signalling
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Railway signals in Germany are regulated by the Eisenbahn-Signalordnung (ESO, railway signalling rules). There are several signalling systems in use:
- 1 History
- 2 Compared to other countries
- 3 Main signal/distant signal (H/V)
- 4 Hl Signals
- 5 Kombinationsignale
- 6 Additional signals
- 6.1 Zs1 Ersatzsignal
- 6.2 Zs2 Richtungsanzeiger
- 6.3 Zs2v Richtungsvoranzeiger
- 6.4 Zs3 Geschwindigkeitsanzeiger
- 6.5 Zs3v Geschwindigkeitsvoranzeiger
- 6.6 Zs4/Zs5 Beschleunigungsanzeiger/Verzögerungsanzeiger (obsolete)
- 6.7 Zs6 Gegengleisanzeiger
- 6.8 Zs7 Vorsichtsignal
- 6.9 Zs8 Gegengleisfahrt-Ersatzsignal
- 6.10 Zs10 Endesignal
- 7 Langsamfahrsignale
- 8 Nebensignale
- 9 Schutzsignale
- 10 Catenary Signals/Fahrleitungssignale
- 11 Miscellaneous
- 12 Examples
- 13 Gallery
- 14 References
- 15 External links
Originally, the railway company of each German state had its own signalling system. After these companies were merged into the German Imperial Railway (Deutsche Reichsbahn), a common signalling system, the H/V system, was created based on two key types of signal. However, Bavaria was permitted to use its own designs of signal, with slightly different meanings, as part of the national scheme for many years thereafter.
Main signals (German: Hauptsignale) allowed the train to proceed or not. These signals were semaphores, whose arms had a circle on their right-hand end, and were painted white with red edges (occasionally the colours were reversed). There would be at least one arm, which meant "stop" when aligned horizontally and "proceed" when inclined upwards at 45 degrees. Up to two additional arms could be mounted below for different routes. They were inclined at 45 degrees upwards when a diverging route was to be taken, and aligned vertically when the main route was set. At night, a horizontal arm showed a red light, a diagonal arm showed a green and a vertical arm showed none.
Route signalling was changed circa 1930 to speed signalling. On a double armed-signal, one horizontal arm meant "stop" (aspect Hp 0), one inclined arm meant "proceed at line speed" (Hp 1) and two inclined arms meant "proceed at reduced speed" (Hp 2 - usually 40 km/h). Third arms were removed; in 1948, the green light of the lower arm was changed to yellow. This system is still in use today.
There were also distant signals (German: Vorsignale) to advise the driver as to what aspect the next main signal showed, so that he could slow or stop his train in time if necessary. Unlike in British practice, every main signal had its own distant; and each main signal-distant signal pair was worked from a single signal lever. German distant signals took the form of a yellow circular board with a black edge. If the board was visible, it meant that the main signal was at "danger". To indicate that the main signal was showing "clear", the board was flipped horizontally through 90 degrees so as to be practically invisible. If the main signal to which the distant applied was a double-armed one, then a yellow arm, bordered black, was mounted on the post below the disc. If the main signal showed "proceed at reduced speed", then as well as showing the disc, the arm was inclined at 45 degrees. At night, distant signals showed two lights, one diagonally left below the other. Reading downwards, green-green meant "expect clear" (Vr 1), yellow-yellow meant "expect stop" (Vr 0), and green-yellow meant "expect clear at reduced speed" (Vr 2).
The first colour-light signals had come into use, but were not widespread when the country was divided in 1949. These signals simply showed the night aspects of the semaphore signals, and as such are not considered as a separate signalling system. Only the S-Bahn systems in Berlin and Hamburg were equipped with newly designed colour-light signals at that time, of the Sv system.
Post WWII[edit]
Two new companies were founded; the Deutsche Bundesbahn in West Germany and the Deutsche Reichsbahn in East Germany. The Reichsbahn kept the name of the old Deutsche Reichsbahn, to keep infrastructure and the right to operate trains in West Berlin. Both companies had their own regulations from then on and they continued separately until 1994 when the rail companies were reunified. Even today, the signalling systems of the two halves of the country differ, and although a new system has been created which will eventually become universal, the vast size of Germany's railway network means that different systems are likely to remain in use for many years to come.
The Deutsche Bundesbahn mainly kept the H/V signalling, with colour-lights directly replacing sempahore signals; nevertheless, the signals did change their design over the years. One very early change was the inclusion of shunting signals (Sh, Schutzsignale) into the main signal's head. This affected mainly exit signals. These signals show two red lights to disallow any train or shunting movements and a red-white-white combination to allow shunting movements only. Later the subsidiary signal aspects (Zs1, Zs7, Zs8), which had their own head, were also merged into the main head. The new signals also underwent aesthetic change; all the signals, whether distant, main or shunting, were merged into a common rectangular head.
The signalling system didn't change much to allow Gleiswechselbetrieb (regular wrong line working - i.e. running on left-hand track instead of right-hand). Only a new aspect (Zs6) was created to inform the driver if he was to be diverted onto the wrong line.
Several minor experiments with new signalling systems were made, but only one survived: the Augsburg - Donauwörth line, equipped with Sk-type signals. The signals still exist, and the new common (West and East) signalling system were developed from these.
The Deutsche Reichsbahn adopted a new signalling system from the OSShd, an international organization of railways, mainly "Eastern" ones. H/V colour-light signals as built in the West did exist in some places in the GDR where they were installed before the war, but most colour-light signals in the East were of the OSShd-designed Hl system.
Several signalling systems and two sets of railway regulations exist within reunified Germany. The regulations are being gradually merged to form a single set, a process still in progress. Most of the network will come under the control of centralized signal boxes; during this process complete lines generally change to the new common Ks signalling system. However, old-style signals are still installed on a few new lines for various reasons, usually if no surrounding lines have Ks-type signals. Even new semaphores are still occasionally installed, though now mainly as spares in semaphore-only areas. Currently no new signalling system is being developed; the current systems are perfectly adequate for today's operations. The next logical step will be a system without fixed signals, as current developments show: LZB, ETCS
Compared to other countries[edit]
Systems similar to the H/V system can be found in Austria, Switzerland and Finland. Most of the aspects look identical, though the lamps are sometimes aligned differently. Austrian signals have one more and Swiss signals two more possible aspects. They can show a speed limit/announcement of 60 km/h and 90 km/h (Swiss only).
Systems similar to the Hl system can be found in many former Eastern bloc countries.
The Ks system can be considered similar to signals in many countries, at least in appearance, as the colour codes: red for "stop", yellow for "caution" and green for "proceed" are commonly used in other countries.
Compared to UK Signalling[edit]
UK Signalling seems to be similar to the Ks system at first sight. The major difference is that British signals do not work on the principle of speed signalling. To prevent trains running over a switch too fast several workarounds are in use. One of them is the "approach release". With this system the train approaches a junction seeing a "warning" aspect, the signal before the junction stays at "stop". It is released to a "clear" aspect once the train has reduced its speed. Normally, however, only the route a train is to take is indicated; with semaphores, this is done using several arms side-by-side, each applying to a separate route; and with colour-lights, a 'feather' - a row of white lights which 'point' in the direction the train is to take. In both cases, speed adjustment depends solely on the driver's judgement and his route knowledge. In Germany route indicators are used in several cases but do not have an influence on the speed; they are used purely to prove to the driver that the route is correctly set.
Main signal/distant signal (H/V)[edit]
The most common system is the H/V (Hauptsignal/Vorsignal) system which consists of main signals and distant signals. Depending on the technology used in the signal box, these signals may be indicated by semaphores or colour-light signals. The colour-lights show the same light patterns the semaphores show at night. The aspects shown here may be accompanied by Zs2, Zs2v, Zs3, Zs3v, Zs6 (see section #Additional signals) or Lf signals (see section #Langsamfahrsignale) in order to show speed limits or the choice of track that follows. A main signal (with lights only) is marked by a Mastschild (board with a colour code) to protect in case of a signal lights failure. The location of a distant signal is marked by an Ne2 (unless it is a repetition or it is at the location of a main signal) also for the case where the signal lights fail or where a semaphore distant signal shows Vr1 (see section #Nebensignale).
Hp 0: Stop[edit]
A main signal (Hauptsignal) shows Hp 0 by a horizontal semaphore arm, one red light or two horizontal red lights. The signal requires the driver to stop in front of it. (Originally, the aspect with two red lights was called Hp 00 and had a different meaning than a single red light with regards to shunting, but nowadays, the meaning is the same.[1])
Usually, Hp 0 is protected by a 2000 Hz magnet of the PZB train safety system which triggers the emergency brake if the train pass the signal.
Vr 0: Expect stop[edit]
A distant signal (Vorsignal) shows Vr 0 by a yellow disc or two yellow lights (the right light is above the left light). This signal indicates that its respective main signal shows Hp 0. As the signal is placed at braking distance from the main signal, the driver needs to apply the brakes immediately to stop the train before reaching the main signal.
Vr 0 is usually accompanied by an activated 1000 Hz magnet of the PZB train safety system.[2]:5 Passing it triggers hidden[3]:1 timers in the vehicle's part of the PZB system, which first checks that the driver acknowledges the distant signal, then it supervises the braking. If the acknowledgement does not occur in time or if, at any point, the system detects that the train´s speed exceeds the limits of a certain braking profile, it engages full brakes and enforces a stop of the train.[2]:6, 11–13
Hp 1: Proceed[edit]
Aspect Hp 1, indicated by one raised semaphore arm or a single green light, allows the driver to proceed at the speed indicated in his schedule.
Vr 1: Expect proceed[edit]
Vr 1 indicates that the main signal shows Hp 1. On a semaphore, the yellow disc is flipped horizontally through 90 degrees, while colour-light signals (or the semaphores at night) show two green lights with the right one above the left one.
Hp 2: Proceed at reduced speed[edit]
If both arms of the semaphore point up, or a green light is show vertically above a yellow light, the train may proceed but at reduced speed. Unless another speed is indicated by additional signals, the train must obey a speed limit of 40 km/h, unless instructed otherwise (e.g. by an accompanying Zs 3 signal). Hp 2 indicates that the following track is free, but that the points/switches are set so as to make running over them at full speed dangerous.
Vr 2: Expect proceed at reduced speed[edit]
Vr 2 orders the driver to slow the train to 40 km/h prior to reaching the main signal showing Hp 2. Other speed limits may be indicated by additional signals.
Hl Signals[edit]
Hl-signals are used only in East Germany. The upper part of the signal is a distant signal, the lower part is the main signal. Signals can be found without the main signal section or without the distant signal section.
Hl distant aspects[edit]
There is a green and a yellow light, both of which can flash or remain steady. There are four different aspects:
Yellow: Expect Stop
Flashing Yellow: Expect Proceed with 40 km/h or 60 km/h
Flashing Green: Expect Proceed with 100 km/h
Green: Expect Proceed with maximum speed
Hl main aspects[edit]
There is a yellow and a red light on the signal, and additionally a bar with four green and four yellow lights below the signal.
No Light: Stop, resolve situation by special procedures (both mandated by signal post's color marking)
Red: Stop
Yellow: Proceed with speed limit
If there is a speed limit (yellow light) it is shown by the green or yellow bar:
No bar: 40 km/h
Yellow bar: 60 km/h
Green bar: 100 km/h
After the reunification 1990, a new signalling system using Kombinationsignale (English: combination signals; abbreviated as Ks) was designed to create a common system for East and West. While West Germany uses signals which simply show the night aspects of the semaphores, East Germany designed new light signals similar to those in other Eastern European countries. Since 2000, new signals have mostly been of the Ks system. There are exceptions; for example, H/V signals were installed on the light rail extension in Kassel post-2000 because it the authorities wanted to avoid the risk of driver confusion on busy lines. The new Ks signals have three lights green, yellow and red, and have only three aspects. Basically, the signal meanings of the Ks signals match the ones of the H/V signals and vice versa, although the aspects may look differently. The PZB and LZB technologies are used the same way as for H/V signals.
Hp 0 Stop[edit]
One red light. The Ks system uses the same aspect for "stop" as the H/V system.
Ks 1 Proceed at given speed, expect proceed at given speed[edit]
One green light. Additionally a white number above the signal (see Zs3) can reduce the speed. It shows the tenth of the speed limit from this signal. There may also be a yellow number below the signal (see Zs3v) showing the speed limit from the next signal, only shown if the speed limit at the next signal is reduced compared to the limit at the current signal. If such a yellow number is shown, the green light flashes.
Ks 2 Proceed at given speed but expect stop[edit]
One yellow light. Speed can be reduced from here as described for Ks 1.
Additional signals[edit]
A number of additional signals provide additional information to the driver or modify the meaning of other signals. They are named "Zs" (German Zusatzsignal: Additional signal) plus a number. The aspect names differ in East and West; those shown here are the names used in West Germany.
Zs1 Ersatzsignal[edit]
Ersatzsignal = Subsidiary signal
Three white lights aligned as a triangle (pointing upwards), or one flashing white light.
Meaning: Train may pass this signal with a maximum speed of 40 km/h until the last set of points/switch, after last points/switch regular speed is permitted.
This signal may be used when a main signal fails. One possibility is that one or more bulbs don't work, and the necessary aspect cannot be shown. For example, a signal which should show Hp2 (green + yellow, proceed with 40 km/h) could have a broken yellow bulb. It would therefore show Hp1 (green, proceed with maximum speed). This would be dangerous because it implies to the driver that he could run faster than is safe, so the signal must show stop instead. Another possibility is that one of the 'proving' devices (devices for proving that a section of line is safe - e.g. that a set of points/switch has moved completely). In this case, the section of track or set of points/switch affected must be manually checked to ensure that all is safe for the passage of trains, and the signal Zs1 would be given.
Zs2 Richtungsanzeiger[edit]
Richtungsanzeiger = Direction display
Shows one single white letter indicating direction. The letter is usually the initial letter of the next station or the next major station.
This signal does not give any specific command to the driver, as signalling safety devices mean that being diverted to the wrong route is not necessarily dangerous. It does, however, prove to the driver whether the route is correctly set up, and if the route is wrongly set he could ask the signalman to re-set the route before starting the train. Otherwise, if the route was set up wrongly, he would start the train, set off down the wrong route, discover the mistake, need to set back, have the route re-set, etc., all of which would waste a lot of time.
Zs2v Richtungsvoranzeiger[edit]
Richtungsvoranzeiger = Distant direction display
Shows one single yellow letter, telling the driver how the route is set after the next signal.
Meaning: Expect Zs2
Zs3 Geschwindigkeitsanzeiger[edit]
Geschwindigkeitsanzeiger = Speed display
Shows one white number indicating the tenth of the speed allowed from this point.
Usually used in combination with main signals. Zs3 are used for speed limits when leaving the main line. Permanent speed restrictions are displayed using Lf plates.
Zs3v Geschwindigkeitsvoranzeiger[edit]
Geschwindigkeitsvoranzeiger = Distant speed display
Shows one yellow number indicating the tenth of the speed allowed from the point where the following Zs3 signal is found.
Usually used in combination with distant signals.
Zs4/Zs5 Beschleunigungsanzeiger/Verzögerungsanzeiger (obsolete)[edit]
Beschleunigungsanzeiger = Acceleration display
Verzögerungsanzeiger = Delaying display
Used to indicate the train driver that he should accelerate or slow down to optimize the occupancy of the line. A train driver could slow down to avoid a signal showing "Stop" for himself, or accelerate to avoid a stop for the following train. They became obsolete when in the 1970s the first phones could be installed on trains.
Zs6 Gegengleisanzeiger[edit]
Gegengleisanzeiger = Wrong line display
Indicates that the train will be driving on the wrong line (left-hand) from this signal on.
Used only on lines where wrong line working is frequent.
Zs7 Vorsichtsignal[edit]
Vorsichtsignal = Caution signal
Three yellow lights aligned as a triangle pointing down.
Meaning: Train may pass this signal but must be prepared to stop at any obstacle. The speed has to be chosen according to visibility, but must not exceed 40 km/h.
Used only in combination with main signals.
This signal is used for the same cases as Zs1. The difference is that for a Zs1 it is checked for the driver that the line is clear, whereas at a Zs7 the train driver must check for himself that the line is clear.
Zs8 Gegengleisfahrt-Ersatzsignal[edit]
Gegengleisfahrt-Ersatzsignal = Against track crossing signal replacement
Three white flashing lights aligned as a triangle or a flashing diagonal light
Indicates that a signal at danger may be passed when wrong line working is in force. If the signal guards points/switches the speed limit is 40 km/h; otherwise, the limit is 100 km/h to the next station. As with other 'wrong line operation' signals, this is only used where wrong line operation is frequent.
Zs10 Endesignal[edit]
Endesignal = Ending Signal
This Signal indicates that any speed restrictions given by Hp2 or Zs3 end with the rear of the train passing this signal.
Langsamfahrsignale = Slow travel signal (speed limit)
There are several plates to display speed limits, of two basic types: signs showing the maximum speed and, where the speed limit drops, advance warning signs.
The Lf1, Lf4 and Lf6 plates are advance warning boards, while the Lf2, Lf5 and Lf7 announce the start of speed limits. The Lf3 plate marks the end of temporary speed limits, but the end of a permanent speed limit was not usually shown.
Changes as of 2007:
Lf4/Lf5 are obsolete and are being replaced by Lf6/Lf7;
An increase in speed limit will now always be shown by a Lf7.
Nebensignale (possible translations: auxiliary/lateral signals) are signals that do not fit in any other category; some of them give hints rather than requiring action.
Ne1 Trapeztafel[edit]
Trapeztafel = Trapezoid board
Meaning: Stop here to await permission to proceed.
Trains must stop here to wait for visual or verbal signal to proceed. Found on lightly-used lines where telephone block operation (without signals) is in force and at double-tracked lines at the left track at the entry to a station if no other signal is installed; it effectively replaces a station's entry signal.
Ne2 Vorsignaltafel[edit]
Vorsignaltafel = Distant signal board
Used alone or in combination with a distant signal. Meaning: This is a distant signal. (It may be used stand-alone or to indicate the actual distant signal at the same place. Note that a semaphore distant signal may not show a visible aspect when showing Vr 1.)
A main signal, shunting signal or a Ne1 will be found at braking distance. Unless a distant signal, distant signal repeater or main signal is visible, the train driver treats this signal as "Vr0 or Ks2: Expect Stop".
Every distant signal is mounted with a Ne2 plate to mark their position (if this plate was not fitted, the driver would not know if he had passed the distant signal or not when showing aspect Vr1, since in this position it is practically invisible). Distant signal repeaters or distant signals mounted in combination with a main signal do not have a Ne2 plate.
Ne3 Vorsignalbaken[edit]
Vorsignalbaken = Distant signal beacon
Used to announce distant signals. Posted 250m, 175m and 100m before distant signal.
Generally 3 plates are used, but up to 5 may be used at hard-to-see locations. Fewer than 3 are used if the distance from the previous main signal is too small to install them all.
Ne4 Schachbretttafel[edit]
Schachbretttafel = Checkerboardplate
Used to indicate that a main signal is not in its usual position (i.e. if the signal is further to the right than normal or if it is on the wrong side of the track to aid visibility). This plate is posted where the signal would be if conditions were normal.
Ne5 Haltetafel[edit]
Haltetafel = Stop board
Used to indicate where at the platform a passenger train should stop. It can be combined with additional signs indicating what types of trains should stop here, e.g. "240 m" for trains at most this length.
Ne6 Haltepunkttafel[edit]
Haltepunkttafel = Stopping point board
Meaning: Expect a stopping point within braking distance.
This is only used to announce halts that are not stations.
Ne7 Schneepflugsignal[edit]
Schneepflugsignal = Snowplough signal
Gives information to snowplough crews. A yellow or white 'V' shape indicates 'lower snowplough', an inverted yellow or white 'V' indicates 'raise snowplough'. These are placed to warn the crew to raise the snowplough so as to avoid hitting any obstructions at rail level, such as level crossings/grade crossings.
Schutzsignale = shunting signals. These signals control shunting movements. Shunting movements do not leave a station whereas train movements do. These signals are sometimes combined with main signals, which is the reason why main signals sometimes have one red light and sometimes two. Historically, shunting movements were allowed to ignore main signals. They had to stop only at main signals with two red lights, because a double red light means Hp0 (stop for train movements) and additionally Sh0 (stop for shunting movements). When they were allowed to pass this signal, it showed a red and two white lights, still forbidding train movements (Hp0 + Sh1). After a change, a red always means stop for all movements. Therefore, only one red light is needed. A double red has the same meaning and Sh0 is now nearly equal to Hp0 and will be replaced in most cases.
A white circle with a black line horizontally across it, mounted on a black box; or, two horizontally-mounted red lights. It means Fahrverbot (literally "movement forbidden"), and all train and shunting movements must stop short of it. 'Black box' indicators fixed at aspect Sh0 are commonly found mounted on buffer stops.
A white circle with a black diagonal line across it, mounted on a black box; or, two white lights aligned diagonally (sometimes with a red light as well). It means "shunting movements allowed".
A rectangular red plate used at the end of the track or where the line is blocked, for example by engineering works. It displays a single red light by night.
Catenary Signals/Fahrleitungssignale[edit]
All these signals consist of a blue diamond-shaped board with various patterns of white markings. As such, only the white markings are described in this section. As catenary signals, they apply only to electric trains.
Two horizontally-aligned square white dots, on centreline of board. This warns the driver to switch off the locomotive's main switch.
Similar to El1v but with a horizontal line under the square dots (dots do not join the line). Locomotive's main switch must be off when this board is passed.
A square U-shape. Main switch can be turned on after this board.
Two horizontal lines across the board, about one quarter and three-quarters of the way down it. Warns driver to lower the locomotive's pantograph.
One horizontal line across the centre of the board. Pantograph must be down when this board is passed.
Vertical line through the centre of the board. Pantograph may be raised after passing this board.
Concentric squares of blue and white. Indicates 'stop for vehicles with raised pantographs'. This sign is most commonly seen at the end of the catenary.
One white light on a main signal (Kennlicht): This main signal has been switched off intentionally. Ignore it.
A white light on a H/V distant signal: The distance to main signal is shorter than usual (when signal has a Ne2-plate) or this is a repeater (without Ne2-plate).
A white light in the top left corner of a Ks-Signal: The distance to main signal is shorter than usual.
A white light in the bottom left corner of a Ks-Signal: This is a repeater.
A flashing white light: Not a Kennlicht (marker light), see Zs1
Two white lights: Not a Kennlicht, see Sh1
Example 1[edit]
Entering a station (see image)
Left: Secondary line with minimum signalling
Right: Main Line with standard signalling
Example 2[edit]
The lower track is blocked. A train going from left to right cannot use the regular track. It must use the wrong track. The exit-signal of the left station shows Hp0 (one or two red lights: "Stop"), because there is no regular route to the wrong track. The signal shows also Zs8 (three white flashing lights: "Proceed on wrong track"). The signal cannot show Sh1 ("Shunting allowed") in this case, because the ride would end at the Ra10-plate ("Stop for shunting movements"). When approaching the next station, the train will find an Ne2-plate, which substitiutes a distant signal and in this case means "Expect Stop". At the position of the entry-signal of the right station, a Ne4 plate shows that a signal is not where it is expected. Instead, the signal is mounted right of the track. This signal shows Sh1 (two white lights: "Shunting allowed"), the train may enter the station. The signal could also stand on the left side of the track, the Ne4 plate is not used then.
Example 3[edit]
How Kennlichts are used. On the first signal you see Hp1/Vr1 as described in the H/V section of this article. On the next one you see Hp1/Vr0, which means "proceed, expect stop at braking distance". On the third one, you see a Kennlicht, which means that the main signal is switched off (=there is none). The distant signal shows Vr0 + Kennlicht, which means "expect stop before braking distance". The last one shows the expected "stop". These combinations are used, if the signals are mounted at the half braking distance.
Goods wagon with German end of train signal
1: A white cross (with a black border) on a signal informs the driver to disregard the signal.[4] In all the cases shown, this is due to the newly installed signals not being operative yet.
- ^ "www.sh1.org oddity page". Retrieved 8 October 2013.
- ^ a b "Bahnbetrieb - Zugbeeinflussungsanlagen bedienen - PZB-Streckeneinrichtungen 483.0101A01" (PDF). 10 June 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2013.
- ^ "Richtlinie Bahnbetrieb - Zugbeeinflussungsanlagen bedienen - Punktförmige Zugbeeinflussungsanlagen bedienen - Allgemeiner Teil 483.0101" (PDF). 10 June 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2013.
- ^ Zusammenstellung der Bestimmungen der Eisenbahn-Signalordnung 1959 (ESO 1959), einschließlich der gemäß ESO (4) genehmigten Signale mit vorübergehender Gültigkeit und der gemäß ESO (5) erlassenen Anweisungen zur Durchführung der ESO, gültig für das Netz der Eisenbahnen des Bundes (EdB). (12 December 2012)
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Railway signs in Germany.
- The Signal Page (TSP) is a Dutch website (also translated to English) about railway signalling, world wide.
- www.sh1.org: website with information about all signalling systems used in Germany
- "Grundwissen Bahn", Europa Lehrmittel, ISBN 3-8085-7402-X, pages 28–44.


text: You are invited to submit complete papers or abstracts (500 to 750 words), research in progress and proposals for panels for presentation at the Joint Journalism Historians Conference—the American Journalism Historians Association and the AEJMC History Division joint spring meeting to be held at New York University on March 24. We are particularly interested in innovative research and ideas that will enliven this intimate, interdisciplinary, interesting academic gathering. We welcome submissions from all areas of journalism and communication history from all time periods and encourage scholars from all academic disciplines and stages of their academic careers to participate. Abstracts should contain a compelling rationale why the research is of interest to an interdisciplinary community of scholars. (Electronic submissions only) to Elliot King firstname.lastname@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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"There's a joke that the Conservative Jews have been so busy fighting each other that they forgot to have children," said Jonathan Sarna, professor of American Jewish history at Brandeis University. "There are fewer children in the Conservative synagogues than in either the Orthodox or the Reform. And since children grow up and become adults, it could be a disaster."
At a conference last month at the JTS, Rabbi Elliot Cosgrove described the movement as "poised on the rooftop" — implying its imminent demise.
Rabbi Norman Lamm, president of the Orthodox Yeshiva University, was even more blunt, telling the Jerusalem Post this spring: "We'll soon say Kaddish for Conservative Jewry."
Conservative leaders, however, insist the movement has a bright future — although they are only just beginning to work out their game plan.
In his new role, Rabbi Wernick is planning to visit communities across the continent to assess needs. His focus will be reinvigorating synagogues, and engaging teenagers and young adults.
Rabbi Schonfeld says she plans to "bring Jewish tradition to light and to life", and is in the process of appointing "a five-part advocacy cabinet" to publicise the denomination's messages about issues such as social justice.
"The fact that there's a new generation in charge of movement makes the community very open to the need to reinvent itself," she says. "I think the movement is really in the process of reclaiming what it has had for most of its life."
And perhaps it is too early to say kaddish. Says Professor Sarna: "If you look historically at the Reform and Orthodox movements, they were both written off. When movements are down they are often at their most creative."


text: Please Register or Log in to Remove this Advertisement! I'm just quoting what Trestman said according to ESPN's Jeff dickerson. "It was a very difficult night because the headsets went down," Trestman said. "So there were three-to-five plays where it just became confusion, and [Clausen] really didn't get us into the best plays. He was trying to make something good out of a bad situation and there wasn't any way I could help him. That group, I would say up to a half dozen plays when Jimmy was in there, it was very difficult to evaluate. I'll see more when we look at the tape. You never want to throw a pick, but that was a play where he didn't get the play as well. So to make that a part of the evaluation, I know that's where we're going as we compare Jordan and Jimmy.


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Top Definition
a way of saying a guy or girl is a totally hottie. taken from Campbell's soup, meaning: umm,umm good!
That boy over there is a real Campbell, he is umm,umm,good!
by kielyn December 29, 2005
Trending Now
Can you define these popular missing words?
A kind, beautiful girl with a delicate heart. She is very artistic and creative. Campbells are good singers and actresses. she is a gorgeous, passionate dancer. She often appears quite shy, but when you get to know her she is crazy and fun. Campbells have a great since of humor and love to have fun. Campbell is a good listener and is very compassionate. She has an amazing since of style, and always looks adorable. She is often short with wavy, brown hair. Campbell is very smart, and loves to have all the knowledge. She is very unique and is always herself♥
You should get to know Campbell, she is so adorable and sweet!
by creativityiskeyforeverandever December 02, 2010
that hippie kid at your shool that almost always has a way to get pot
everyones dry but i bet campbell can find some weed
by cloud4444 April 25, 2009
A campbell is a boy with many talents. He is very funny and makes everyone laugh. He can sometimes be quite annoying but always makes up for it by telling a joke. Everyone says he is a great guy, and always friendly. He is very handsome with mad dark brown curly hair, his hair could be described as looking like a labradoodles coat.
"Did you see that guys hair?"
"No why?"
"It was so campbell!"
"Did you see that guys hair?"
"No why?"
"It was so campbell!"
by escebellfairy November 08, 2011
to make out with someone on a trampoline.
"Hey man, how was britneys?"
"fo shiz dude, i totally campbell'd her"
"fo shiz dude, i totally campbell'd her"
by mrfri September 04, 2008
A kind guy who is so great to be around. He will listen to you when you rant about random thing. He may be a douche sometimes but he is only human. If you find someone who is a Campbell, you know that you are so lucky. He will put up with the soup jokes and will always be there for you. He is handsome, has amazing eyes, and a beautiful laugh
He listened to me rant about my problems for to hours, then made me fell better about everything. He is a Campbell
by Gidididings August 07, 2013
Practicing medicine and/or politics outside one's area of expertise, such as a gynotician.
I went to the doc to see about this rash, and she went all campbell on me about my drinking.
by Batshittery July 11, 2013


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Windows Phone 7 Features : No Flash And Multitasking
Apple's penchant for depriving users of much necessary features seems to be spreading like a virus. The Windows Phone 7 which is expected to be demoed next week at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona is rumored to come without Flash and multitasking.
In a recently published article, folks at PPCgeeks reveal that the event during MWC will only preview the device and will not be a full length introduction. However, a few interesting features about the OS are likely to be announced
- UI very similar to Zune HD interface
- App installation through a marketplace (similar to Apple App Store)
- Marketplace to include "try before you buy" option
- No backward compatibility
- Complete Zune integration
- Zune software to replace Windows Mobile Device Center for PC syncing
- Full Xbox gaming integration
- Integrated social networking
- No Flash and multitasking
While the features appear interesting, the last point has taken the sheen off the excitement. How about you? Do you feel the same way? Tell us in the comments.


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IT WAS the memory of two world wars and numerous other battles to build empires in centuries past that brought European heads of state to believe that combining their economies was most probably the better way of going about their development.
So despite their differences that exist to this day, leaders have held on tight to the belief that they have a much better chance of a peaceful and prosperous future together than apart.
Merging their economic strength would also give them better bargaining power against the US, which at the end of the Second World War was the new global superpower along with Russia.
But despite this shared experience, the European Union is anything but a harmonious marriage. For the 17 nations that share a currency, the dirty laundry has been out there for all of us to see over the past three years.
And there still remains a threat, however small, that the project could one day come to an end with a split between the north (Germany, Denmark) and south (Greece, Italy).
So what is the common thread or experience that binds the nations of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa together?
Outside the fact that India and South Africa at one point in their history had the British as a colonial master, there's little common experience that would lead to a marriage between these five nations. Brazil was colonised by the Portuguese.
For this union, we'll have to thank Jim O'Neill, chairman of Goldman Sachs Asset Management, who coined the acronym Bric. I doubt he had any idea that his idea to lump the four countries together into an asset category would trigger the economic union of sorts a decade later.
But now that the nations have been inspired by the acronym and South Africa has managed to get its place at the dinner table, it's time to see whether we can get anything positive from it.
What we want is for India and China — the consumers of the bunch — to buy more of our goods, and in particular our resources.
I am sure that's roughly the same type of deal that Brazil, which has iron ore and manganese deposits, and Russia, with its oil, gas and coal reserves, are looking to score from the union as well.
It's all about who gets the best deal from this union and I am afraid if one of them isn't quite happy with his lot in the years to come, it may prove near impossible to keep this marriage going.
Unlike in Europe, the ties that bind us together simply aren't that strong. The sovereign debt crisis in Europe's common monetary union was triggered by Greece, one of its smaller economies. Cyprus, which represents only 0.2% of the economy, is still causing uncertainty.
Instead of squabbling with its peers in Brics, China may as well summon the entire African continent, minus Botswana, to Beijing for a summit and a week later, Latin American countries.
To cement the Brics family, its membership needs to grow beyond the five and include the likes to Nigeria and other emerging Asian and Latin American countries.
Open the invitation.
STOCKS in emerging markets have underperformed those in the developed world this year as foreign investors start to look more favourably at companies that have much greater exposure to the US. Overlooking the concerns over sequesters, optimism about growth in the world's biggest economy has remain relatively upbeat.
According to Bloomberg, stocks in markets such as South Africa and Brazil posted the worst first quarter since 2008 and lag behind shares of developed economies by the most in 15 years.
While the JSE all-share index has reached record highs this year, its 1.9% growth has underperformed the FTSE 100's more than 8% appreciation. The S&P 500 has gained about 9%, and the Dow Jones industrial average has rallied more than 10%.
Brazil's Bovespa index has lost nearly 10% this year.
While the biggest weighting on the JSE is reserved for multinationals such as British American Tobacco and SABMiller, domestic woes about the economy are now weighing on the market, which has had an excellent run. Slow growth, inflation concerns set against a backdrop of a depreciating currency have set alarm bells ringing in investment houses in New York, London and Cape Town.
US earnings season — the months immediately following the quarter-ends — will confirm or disprove the belief that the only place to find value is offshore and in the developed world. The season begins next month.


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Here are links to some of the stories posted on mlive.com/kalamazoo today.
- Governor Rick Snyder released his budget plan and it could mean $5.5 million in cuts for Kalamazoo Public Schools, KPS officials said.
- Besham Sugrim's wife and daughter described abuse Sugrim inflicted upon them during murder trial testimony.
- Tickets for Elton John's March 21 performance in Kalamazoo go on sale Saturday morning, and they are expected to be in very high demand.
- Elton John impersonator John Head, of Kalamazoo, talked about his appreciation for the legendary performer.
- Southwest Michigan retailers are hoping for a last-minute rush on Valentine's Day to boost their sales.
- The Glenn Beck Program is no longer being broadcast on WKZO.
- A look at what's going on in the Kalamazoo-area on Friday in Kalamazoo Today. Wes Leonard will be inducted into Fennville high school's hall of fame Friday night and the Coopers Glen acoustic music festival is in town this weekend.
- Pappy's Place restaurant-tavern in Portage is set to close in April.
- Western Michigan University's hockey team hosts Ohio State this weekend as it attempts to get one step closer to a NCAA tournament at-large bid and put itself in a better position to win the program's first-ever Central Collegiate Hockey Association regular season title.
Contact Anthony Smigiel at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Sea Salt & Peanut Butter Turtle Cookies
As it turns out, you shouldn't experiment with new recipes during a nationwide food blogger cookie swap. New mix ins? Those are fine. But an entirely new cookie recipe? No. No, you shouldn't do it.
I have a great standby cookie recipe. It works for chocolate chip cookies, for peanut butter cookies, for chocolate cookies– for every single cookie! It's my all time favorite, and now I'm committed to never, ever stray again. I don't know what came over me.
A fit of sheer laziness, I think.
I was flipping through one of my cookie books and saw a recipe for peanut butter cookies when the idea for this flavor combo struck. A nagging voice in the back of my mind told me just to flip a few pages over for my basic, no fail cookie recipe (don't ask me why it's not memorized yet…), but turning the pages seemed like such a hassle.
Uh, yeah. I just said that.
So I stayed on the page that required no further page turning. And my cookies crumbled to bits.
As it was already the day after the latest day we were supposed to ship them out, I absolutely had to send the crumbly cookies. So I stuffed the cute little snowflake tins with paper towels and marshmallows (did you know marshmallows help cookies to keep from getting dry?), and added a few other treats to compensate for the pile of crumbs…
In return, I received 3 boxes of amazing cookies (thanks ladies)! I love participating in the Great Food Blogger Cookie Swap. It's such a fun way to connect with other bloggers and in get in the holiday mood! A special thanks to our hosts, the bloggers of Love & Olive Oil and The Little Kitchen.
Oh, and in case you were wondering, I did go back and re-do my cookies to make sure I had the recipe just right for today's post. You can see the difference for yourself in the photos :) .
Sea Salt & Peanut Butter Turtle Cookies
- 1/2 c butter or margarine
- 1/2 c peanut butter
- 1 c brown sugar
- 1/2 c sugar
- 2 eggs
- 1 tsp vanilla
- 1/2 tsp baking soda
- 2 1/2 c flour
- 1 c semi sweet chocolate chips
- 1/2 c rolos
- 1/2 c pecan halves
- 1 tsp + extra sea salt (extra is for sprinkling on top)
- Cream together the butter, peanut butter, brown sugar, and granulated sugar.
- Mix in the eggs, one at a time (mixing in between each one), vanilla, sea salt, and baking soda.
- Gradually mix in the flour.
- Mix in the chocolate chips, rolos, and pecan halves.
- Scoop dough by heaping tablespoons. If using shortening instead of butter, roll gently in between palms and flatten slightly before placing on a parchment or silicon lined baking sheet. Sprinkle the tops of the cookie dough balls with sea salt (just a small pinch for each one).
- Bake at 375 for 10-13 minutes, until edges are golden brown. Some caramel may ooze out.
- Let cool on pan before transferring to wire rack.
Turtle Recipes from Friends:
- Turtle Brownie Pies by Crazy For Crust
- Turtle Tassies by The Girl Who Ate Everything
- Turtle Shortbread Bars by The Pint Sized Baker
Latest posts by Ashton (see all)
- Flourless Chocolate Cake - September 26, 2016
- Pumpkin Cupcakes with Cream Cheese Frosting - September 23, 2016
- No Bake Pumpkin Cheesecake - September 21, 2016
26 Responses to "Sea Salt & Peanut Butter Turtle Cookies"
Oh, I hate when that happens!!!!! But the second tries look SO good. PB, turtle, come to mama!
FYI…I don't see your share buttons. If you didn't remove them intentionally…another WP update issue, maybe?
Love this, and I think I am in love with the looks of these cookies! I am excited to make them!
Oh . My. These look so good Ashton! I'm pretty sure my cookie crisps were a pile of crumbs. Nobody has said anything. Yet. Just a feeling I have.
I didn't know about the marshmallow trick! Thanks for sharing! And I'm sure the crumbly bits were still absolutely delicious. :)
Did you chop the Rolos or keep them whole?
I think I'm in love with these cookies {don't tell my husband}! Great tip about the marshmallows, thanks!
mmm salty and sweet! I can't get enough of these #FBCOOKIESWAP posts!!!!!!
Mmm, what a great flavor combination for cookies!! I'll definitely have to keep in mind the marshmallow trick!
Yup, these are pretty much the epitome of perfection! I used to be so bad at straying on recipes.. and hairstylists.. and after one too many mishaps (ugly, gross cookies, nearly burnt-off hair) I decided it's probably better to be recipe and hairstylist monogamous :) these cookies look fantastic!
Oh no! It's already so devastating when you screw up a recipe for your own family, but for someone else?! That would have drove me crazy! Especially when you don't have time to make it 'right.'
Looks like you nailed it on the second try though!
Have got to try these cookies. Are the rolos left whole….they are pretty big.
what a great combination – I am definitely going to make these soon
oh I love this combination! Great idea for a cookie!
Oh my GOSH, I need to make these now! I can't wait to participate in next year's cookie swap!
I think I've died and gone to heaven with these cookies! Yum! Can't wait to try :) Thanks for perfecting them!
Where have I been…missed these til now. Holy moly, this is my cookie, all the way. Buttery, lots of brown sugar, ROLOS, yes! Pinning!
These look delicious, I can't wait to try them at my own cookie exchange! How many cookies does the recipe make?
Great recipe. I love all things salted-caramel, so I took your recipe and changed it up a bit. Thanks for a great start!
How many does this recipe make?
OMG, this is THE recepie. The PB is really slightly and you can taste it in the background as same as the salt. Amazing recipe!
Pingback: Cookie-Swap Roundup! | Pie With Sparkles
Pingback: Cookie-Swap Roundup! | Pie With Sparkles


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HTTP4e is an Eclipse plugin that helps you quickly build HTTP REST packets enabling you to easily test and create REST Service and Web Service calls.
Eclipse HTTP Client (HTTP4e) is an Eclipse plugin for making HTTP and RESTful calls. Build with user experience in mind, it simplifies the developer/QA job of testing Web Services, REST, JSON and HTTP. It is a useful tool for your daily job of HTTP header tampering and hacking.
Auto Suggest (CTRL + SPACE)
Raw, Pretty, JSON, HEX, Browser response view
SSL/HTTPS and Unicode support
Basic/Digest authentication
Parameterize Headers/Params editor
Import raw HTTP packet, HTTP4e script or Firefox's Live HTTP Headers
One click Code generation
- Java, JavaScript, Prototype, jQuery
- Flex, ActionScript
- C#, VisualBasic
- Ruby
- Python
- Cocoa
- JMeter
Export your tabs as JMeter test script
One click HTML Report generation (using "Export all tabs as HTTP4e script")
Parameters to URL mapping, Parameters to Body mapping
Body "@file_path" loads the file content into Request payload
Multipart Form uploading several files
Aptana & Flash Builder Ready
The Features:
- Making/Replaying an HTTP call directly from Eclipse IDE
- Visual Editors for HTTP headers, parameters and body
- Tabbed browsing (allowing replaying different RESTful, HTTP calls on separate tabs)
- History support (persisting your valuable REST calls)
- One-click HTTP code generation to Java, PHP, C#, Flex/ActionScript, Cocoa/Objective-C, Ruby, Python and Visual Basic
- One-click JMeter script generation
- Import and export HTTP4e replay script
- Export HTTP sessions as HTML report
- Import raw HTTP packets and Firefox's Live HTTP headers
- Aesthetic UI, Code assist, Headers auto-suggest, Syntax coloring
- "Raw", "Pretty", "Hex", "Browser" and "JSON" views
- Proxy Configuration
- BASIC and DIGEST Authentication
- SSL/HTTPS support
- Unicode UTF8 support
- HTTP tampering
- Tab renaming
- Available on Windows, MacOS X, Linux, Solaris
- Java 5+
- Eclipse 3.2+
Tips and Tricks:
- Execute HTTP Request Key Binding CTRL + SHIFT + R
- Auto Complete commands is CTRL + SPACE. It will open the auto suggest dialog with HTTP headers and relevant header values.
- History Suggest in Headers and Parameters keeps track of your typing history and smartly auto suggest on next similar header or parameter. Keys to trigger CTRL + SPACE.
- Panel Expand: Double clicking on any panel expands it.
- Tabs: Want to make a new request on a new tab? Click the tab button or simply double click on the tab area to open new tab.
- File Import to POST Body. Typing a POST request is tedious and error prone. You can import external text data to Body panel by Clicking the "Add file" browse button or use @file_path to load the file content as a request payload.
- Tab renaming option allowing to name each of your tabs
What's kept us busy?
Version 4.x:
- Tab Rename option
- Fixing large payload memory leaks
- Multipart form uploading several files
- Parameterization of Headers and Params
- JSON Color syntax highlighting
Version 3.x:
- @file abilities to load external payload to body by simply passing @/file/path
- Export HTTP sessions report as HTML
- Export and import HTTP4e replay script
- Importing raw HTTP packets
- Importing http packets directly from Firefox's Live HTTPHeaders
- Enhancing tabs
- Fixing Pretty view XML formatting
- JMeterone click script generation
- PHP, Flex/ActionScript, Cocoa/Objective-C, Ruby, Pythonone click script generation
- C#, Visual Basic.NETone click script generation
- JavaScript, Prototype, jQuery one click script generation
- Apache HTTP Components 4.x one click code generation
Version 2.x:
- BASIC and DIGEST Authentication
- Proxy Configuration
- UTF8 Unicode support
- Improving fonts on Linux
- Persisting packets on Mac OSX
- Improving Mac OS X 10.x fonts
- JSON View
- SSL https support.
- Java one click code generation


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The Hours - See The Light
Sienna Miller is trapped in a Prada store – in a hospital gown. But don't worry, her fashion meltdown is just an act for a new music video.
In the seven-minute video for the British band The Hours' song "See The Light," the 26-year-old actress escapes the designer shop before proclaiming in therapy, "Death feels like the safest place for me right now."
Raw and emotional, she runs barefoot through the streets, is confronted by disemboweled cows, trashes a hospital room and finally, in the unremitting grip of the breakdown, crawls along a country road.
"It's a song about struggle and addiction and fear and darkness … and these guys have brought it to life; the song and the film work perfectly together, it's band on," The Hours lead singer Ant Genn said in a statement.
The video was shot by director Tony Kaye, famed for his decade-old American History X, which earned Edward Norton a nomination for an Academy Award.
The actress, who was recently spotted visiting Italy again with boyfriend Balthazar Getty, has several times been spotted wearing the band's t-shirts over the past year.
The video was shot roughly two months ago and Miller is "friends with a number of the people involved in the project," a pal of Miller's tells PEOPLE.
On Oct. 29 the band posted a blog about the clip but didn't reveal the identity of the video's star: "We all think it's a bit special. Hope you like what you hear!"
The video concludes with a despairing Miller saying, "Break open my head then and fix it. I just feel panicked and sick and full of dread. It's about time I faced the truth. Somewhere within all of the darkness there is light and I need to find it."
Sienna Miller Shows Raw Emotion in New Music Video


text:
World's tallest indoor waterfall will be located in already-spectacular airport
September 12, 2016, 3:25 p.m. by Matt Hickman
Singapore's Changi Airport outdoes itself once again.
Watch helium-filled 'Flying Bum' take flight
August 18, 2016, 12:06 p.m. by Noel Kirkpatrick
The blimp-plane hybrid Airlander 10 is the largest aircraft ever.
What are chemtrails, and are they dangerous?
August 15, 2016, 11:52 a.m. by Clint Williams
Is the government really spraying toxic substances at 50,000 feet? Probably not, but here's what's really going on up there.
Solar plane finishes historic flight around world
July 26, 2016, 11:45 a.m. by Noel Kirkpatrick
The solar-powered plane traveled across 4 continents, 3 seas and 2 oceans as it circumnavigated the Earth.
GPS goes out when you're flying. Now what?
June 15, 2016, 8:42 a.m. by Starre Vartan
FAA has warned that unidentified tests on the West Coast will jam GPS signals, but pilots say it's not as bad as it sounds.
5 handy airport animal helpers
May 20, 2016, 12:48 p.m. by Sidney Stevens
These non-human 'employees' keep airports running smoothly.
Flyover Country app lets airline passengers explore the terrain 36,000 feet below
April 13, 2016, 1:46 p.m. by Matt Hickman
Learn more about those weird-looking thingamabobs down there.
Female pilots are flying high
March 15, 2016, 12:57 p.m. by Starre Vartan
Women captains, co-pilots, navigators, air-traffic controllers and crew are slowly becoming a more common sight.
Tiny dragonfly species crushes long-distance migration record by riding high-altitude winds
March 3, 2016, 3:05 p.m. by Michael Graham Richard
Genetic tests are showing that individuals from Texas might breed with individuals from Japan or South America.
The cure for jet lag could be as simple as bright flashes of light while you sleep
February 12, 2016, 1:36 p.m. by Michael Graham Richard
Bleary-eyed travelers everywhere rejoice!
5 aircraft designs that didn't quite fly
February 10, 2016, 1:29 p.m. by Noel Kirkpatrick
Here are five of the most spectacular aircraft that flopped for a variety of reasons, including the Spruce Goose and a nuclear-powered plane.
This turkey makes the skies more friendly
January 18, 2016, 9:45 a.m. by Starre Vartan
Special companion animal gets Delta's blessing to fly in the cabin to keep passenger calm.


text:
Dear reader,
Thank you for your application! This year we received an all-time record of applications, with close to 7.000 eager candidates. As we are committed to read every single application, we are already busy getting more acquainted with you.
Many of you are curiously pondering the next steps of the application process. Therefore, keep your eyes and ears open, useful tips will follow as I will introduce you to the next steps in the process!
Phone interview (-end of February)
After the application screening, we will invite a selected number of candidates for a phone interview, lasting between 30 and 45 minutes. We are targeting to complete all telephone interviews with selected candidates before the end of February.
Personally I found these five points the most important when preparing for a telephone interview:
- Ensure proper facilities. Make sure to have a calm place for your interview, a place where you won't be disturbed and where you feel comfortable at. Also, it's very important that you have a good telephone connection, so communicating with the interviewer can be done smoothly and you can focus on what's important.
- Make time. Book an extra 20 minutes of your time for the interview in case of any delay. Some of us (such as myself) are a bit more elaborate over the phone, and therefore the interview might turn out to be a little bit longer than expected.
- Be prepared to explain why. Read your CV and your cover letter, and go through your key points. Be prepared to answer questions regarding your CV and elaborate further on your own motivation towards the industry, the company and the programme. Think of different examples you could share in order to expand on your past challenges, success stories and learning points.
- A little desk research never hurts. Your knowledge of Novo Nordisk's business is certainly not the key focus at this stage, but getting an idea for yourself might prove very useful. Knowing the very basics of Novo Nordisk would be likely to crystallize your own direction as well.
- Relax. I cannot emphasize this enough: there is absolutely nothing to be afraid of about the telephone interview. As long as you make sure not to dive into it without some preparation, you will do great. Have a good breath of fresh air and put on your best smile, it sounds crazy but even over the telephone it sets the right mood.
Graduate Recruitment Centre (Copenhagen, Denmark 19 – 20 March)
After the completion of the phone interviews, 150 candidates will receive an invitation to the Graduate Recruitment Centre in Copenhagen. The purpose of the GRC is to evaluate applicants' skills and capabilities on an individual and group level, using different exercises, interviews and a business case.
Five key tips for preparing for the GRC:
- Present yourself as the person you are. Yes, it sounds like the ultimate cliché, but being yourself is probably the most important thing for you to be successful. As you will be evaluated by recruiting professionals, you do best by being genuine and sincere. Any other tactic will not take you far.
- Reflect your motivation. Go back to your CV and your motivation letter and reflect upon yourself as an applicant. Why do I want this job? Why do I find this industry so fascinating? Why do I want to become a part of Novo Nordisk as a graduate? How do I want to develop as a young professional? What do I want from the programme?
- Where would I fit best? Take a moment to consider your professional ambitions behind becoming a graduate. Be completely honest about your strengths and weaknesses, and try to picture yourself working within the pharmaceutical industry as a graduate. What do I wish to experience? Where would I wish to go? What do I wish to achieve? At this point, reading a little more about the business and Novo Nordisk would be likely to help clarifying your initial vision.
- Have a good rest. Take it easy on the day before, maybe get some exercise and then invest in a full night's sleep. The GRC is an exciting and intensive two-day event, and therefore the energy will be needed.
- Relax and enjoy every bit of it. The GRC is always a unique and fun experience for the participants. Most of all, it's a social event by nature, and a fantastic opportunity to get together with great people from all over the world. So remember a big smile, it will take you places! =)
Questions are warmly welcome. Good luck and keep on shining!
Check out a video from the Graduate Recruitment Centre 2012:


text: If you think of Reddit as a modern USENET, it makes way more sense. On Tue, Sep 17, 2013 at 5:52 PM, DaWorm <daworm at gmail.com> wrote: > For the perennially clueless, what is reddit, and why do I need it? I > followed one of the earlier links to a reddit page, and what I saw looked > like a circa 1995 hand coded HTML page that was about as dull as white > bread. Between email, facebook, message forums, and the rare foray into > Google+, do I really need yet another social media outlet? > > Jeff. > > _______________________________________________ > Chugalug mailing list > Chugalug at chugalug.org > http://chugalug.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/chugalug > > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <http://chugalug.org/pipermail/chugalug/attachments/20130917/1b366767/attachment.html>


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WASHINGTON — For any other politician, it would have been an unusual campaign stop: Twenty-somethings in cutoff jeans, bandanas, bikinis and tattoos sat on the grass across from the White House, singing loudly: ``Marijuana. Marijuana. Hey, Hey. Get hiiiigh.''
Suspicious-smelling smoke hung in the hot afternoon air.
Libertarian Party presidential hopeful Harry Browne stepped up to the microphone, looking every inch a stodgy conservative. Blue suit with matching socks. Gold watch. Coiffed silver-white hair. Piercing blue eyes.
Instead of admonishing the ragtag crowd at the Hemp Rally, as many a 63-year-old businessman might, to knock off this nonsense, get cleaned up and get a job, Browne raised his hand in legalized-drug solidarity.


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Vine App for Foodies: The Good, Bad, Ugly.kathypatalsky
If you are into Apps you have probably heard about the new video App called Vine. Vine allows users to create six second multi-clip videos on their mobile devices then broadcast them to the world via the Vine App interface. Though still in its very early phases, Vine has quickly gained popularity among foodies including food bloggers, food lovers and anyone who likes to take "what is on their plate" to a whole new dimension. Many are calling Vine the "Instagram of videos." And in case you didn't know, Twitter.com does in fact own vine, so who knows how they will interact in the future. As a Vine user, I have noticed a few pros and cons of this new App when it comes to food. Get my Vine App good, bad and ugly when it comes to food vine videos..
Basics.. How-to Use Vine: PC Mag's Guide.
Check out my first Vine App food video: Fully Loaded Peanut Butter Toast
Vine App for Foodies: The Good, The Bad, The Ugly
Good: The Vine App interface allows food lovers to take their food to a whole new level! Instead of a simple photograph, you can now show your food in steps and motion. Some good ideas:
* Follow your recipe steps to make a how-to video.
* Show how to easily assemble a meal with certain base components.
* Have fun showing your favorite amazing-looking foods and treats.
* Follow your meal courses at your favorite restaurant.
* Hint at a recipe to help people find their way to your food blog or website for more info.
Vine is super easy to use and really addictive! Fun and social. This could very well be the next BIG thing in mobile content sharing.
Also fabulous: Vine is a brand new way to reach your fans and followers!
Explore food. If you want to browse food videos, just click on the #food tag in the explore area of the Vine navigation button. Easy!
Now: The Bad of the Vine App for Food-Related Content…
* Vine crashes. A lot. If you spend a half hour carefully video capturing a recipe and then your video fails to upload this can lead to much frustration! (Of course I'm guessing Vine will fix its crashing problems as they progress. But for early-adopters of this App, the "failed to upload" error message is a big problem. Especially for more intensive food videos.
* Chop and shoot at the same time?? Making a video can be difficult since you have to physically put your finger on the screen while filming. If you want to do any sort of on-camera, face-time action you will need a friend to help you shoot. And if you are doing food prep like chopping, squeezing, zesting, sauteing and more – you will have some trouble trying to film and prep at the same time. (Try slicing some bread on your video while pressing record!)
* Phone Woes. Oh, and be careful. Expensive phones are not totally food-proof. You do not want to drop your iPhone in some boiling water, cooking batter bowl or on top of your plate of freshly-baked cookies.
* Sharing is not easy. You can really only share on Twitter and Facebook right now. And you have to share when you post the video. (This will hopefully change to a more Instagram-like share button in the future, because right now sharing is not ideal.)
The Ugly. The worst part about Vine when it comes to food is the lack of editing capabilities. I think we all know that it is not easy to make food look good. Most food photographers use high quality cameras, professional photo editing software and go through hundreds of photos to get that one perfect food shot. A few color, lighting and cropping tweaks also help. Without editing or pro-camera capabilities, Vine food videos have a high probability of coming out, well, kinda gross. Food that is captured poorly, aka bad lighting, poor composition and more can look unappetizing.
And the worst part about Vine is that when you watch a food video (or any video) you do not know what to expect. You could see a title label for "Pizza" and soon find yourself immersed in unflattering pizza images that you really didn't want to watch.
But for now, I highly suggest you check out Vine because if nothing else, it is certainly a new way to look at the world. And food.
Follow me on Vine! User: Kathy Patalsky
Are you on Vine? What do you think? What improvements would you make?
photo credits: Vine App logo + profile shot
Read more from Kathy on her blog, Healthy. Happy. Life. Get Kathy's book, 365 Vegan Smoothies: Boost Your Health With a Rainbow of Fruits and Veggies, available on Amazon.
Follow Kathy on Facebook and Twitter for updates!
More on Family Kitchen:
* 27 Veganized Superbowl Snacks!
* 21 Dreamy Vegan Cupcake Recipes
* 21 Wellness-Infused Recipes for Flu Season!


text: Welcome to the forums and thank you for making a reasonable and well thoughout thread...as for your question I think that all sounds pretty good. But I don't know how much time I'd devote to it. I mean I already have a life. The reason I like the Miis is because they can do their own little thing while I play games and I can check up on them once in while you know? I sorta like not having to be invovled 24/7 in the whole Mii channel.Originally Posted by abducted_again


text:
2 Results Found that Include 4 Products
How can we improve the Search Experience?
- All Weather Blanket, Blue, 72 x 60 In All Weather Blanket,Blue,72 x 60 In
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- Mfr. Model # 8625AWBBB
All Weather Blanket/Tarp, Blanket Color Blue, Blanket Material Synthetic Fiber, Blanket Length 72 In.,...More
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- Hand Muffs Hand Muffs
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Price $24.00–$24.06
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Note: Product availability is real-time basis and adjusted continuously. The product will be reserved for you when you complete your order. More


text:
Top Definition
American wind sack, worst tpe of Human on the planet, lives with head inserted completely up his own rectum, there all very stupid.
Some stupid yanky was mouthing off about how large his car was so we battered him.
af Commie 27. marts 2003
Trending Now
Can you define these popular missing words?


text:
Nameless Magazine is a student-run online publication that showcases the works of writers and visual artists at UC Davis. Our aim is to foster an open community in which all types of artists may interact and build relationships with one another through workshops, readings, exhibits and social events.
We hope that writers and artists will be able to contribute their individual talents and also learn from one another as well. We are here to share our visions, sharpen our skills, nurture our talents and open our minds. In doing these things, we will stimulate, challenge and celebrate the potential of creativity.
We hope you will enjoy your time with us.
Join us on Facebook!
Read our blog!


text:
Volunteering in College Park, MD
There are two types of volunteer positions available at the National Archives in College Park, MD:
Staff Aides work behind the scenes under the supervision of archivists. They assist with a wide variety of tasks, including holdings maintenance: document boxing and labeling; researching photographs, posters, moving images, and textual records; writing descriptions; computer database work; indexing; digitizing; preparing descriptive lists; and other s pecialized tasks.
- All volunteer positions are available only during the normal work week, usually between 9 a.m. - 5 p.m.
- Volunteers work with historically valuable records of the Federal Government.
- Some staff aides work in groups, while others work on individual projects.
- Volunteers generally work seated at tables or computer stations.
Docents give two types of tours:
- Behind-the-scenes tours of the research facility and building to visitors. These are offered between 10:30 a.m. and 2 p.m. on weekdays.
- Tours of the building specifically designed for new hires are given bimonthly on Mondays.
To apply:
Download and complete the Volunteer Application. Either e-mail, fax, or mail it to the Volunteer Program staff. To complete the application, you will need to download the free Adobe Reader.
See How to Download and Complete the Volunteer Application Form
If you require an accessible version of the Volunteer Application form, please contact the Volunteer Program Coordinator at (301) 837-3002
Technical problems completing the pdf form? Be sure to download and install the latest version of Adobe Reader!
Volunteer Program Coordinator
The National Archives at College Park
8610 Adelphi Road
College Park, MD 20740-6001
Phone: (301) 837-3002
Fax: (301) 837-3603
PDF files require the free Adobe Reader.
More information on Adobe Acrobat PDF files is available on our Accessibility page.


text:
BRICK — A 19-year-old Brick man is in custody on attempted murder charges after he allegedly shot another township man following an argument regarding money late Friday night, police said.
Raymond Reeder Jr. was taken into custody at his Barberry Drive home by authorities shortly after the incident, township police Sgt. Keith Reinhard said in a press release.
Police said that Reeder had gone to a Barber Avenue residence to collect money owed to him. Following an argument, Reeder pulled out a .22 mm. semi-automatic handgun and fired at least 4 shots, two of which struck the victim, police said.
Called to the residence shortly afterward, officers found Sean Kenworthy, 28, shot in both thighs. He was taken to Jersey Shore Medical Center with non-life threatening injuries.
Reeder, a suspect in an October burglary on Barberry during which a silver semi-auto .22 mm. handgun was stolen, was also charged with burglary, theft and weapons counts.
The weapon was recovered in a wooded area near Baltic Drive, police said.
Reeder was being held at the Ocean County jail in lieu of $265,000 bail.


text:
Adam Wainwright pitched 7 scoreless innings for the Cardinals last night against the Pirates and lowered his NL leading ERA to a miniscule 1.79 for the season. He hasn't been scored on in 14 2/3 consecutive innings as of right now.
When is scoreless not good enough?
When Adam Wainwright is on the mound. Looks like he forgot the 'best stuff' at home. And everyone on Twitter was there to remind him:
Doesn't look like Wainwright has his best stuff tonight
— Aaron Thompson (@BamThompson_) July 8, 2014
Wainwright doesn't have his best stuff by any means. But he's still gone seven shutout innings. That's the mark of a great pitcher.
— Cardinals Gameday (@STLGameday1) July 8, 2014
Wainwright doesn't have his best stuff tonight and still is pitching a shutout. Too bad Cards only have 1 hit. #STLCards #CyYoung
— Tim Gebhart (@TimGebby) July 8, 2014
Wainwright doesn't have his best stuff, but he's still pitching a shutout. Get him some run support already!!! #stlcards
— Michael Fisher (@FishSTL) July 8, 2014
Sucks. Wainwright didn't have his best stuff and the Bucs still couldn't score on him.
— Chris (@StillersAndBeer) July 8, 2014
Bucs have had their opportunities. Wainwright is grinding this out without his best stuff. Bucs have left 9 on base…
— Bucco Corner (@BuccoCorner) July 8, 2014
Wainwright gets a gift and then freezes him. He doesn't have his best stuff tonight, but the umpire is intent on helping him out
— Zach (@ZV412) July 8, 2014
Wainwright clearly doesn't have his best stuff tonight, but he's battling. If he can get through 6 they'll be fortunate. Don't push him.
— Jason Bourne (@JasonBo27089157) July 8, 2014
Next time, Adam… bring not good stuff, but your best stuff.
Photo: Gawker


text:
Ninja Gaiden 3: Razor's Edge Download for Wii UOn: Wii U, Xbox 360, PS3
Ninja Gaiden 3 has been reworked and now offers more weapon and Ninpo types, a new character progression system, a redesigned battle system and the return of dismemberment.
Review Verdict Read Review
6Out of 10Back to game info
Download courtesy of:
Download: Ninja Gaiden 3: Razor's Edge: Wii U Launch Window Roundup Trailer
Category: HD Video
Take an early look at every title due for release during the Wii U's launch window.
Download File
File Size: 60.77 MB


text:
By january 1973, the meeting place on the rue Jean-Ferrandi had become too small. Pierre (founder) and Martine (co-founder) decided it was time to divide into two groups, one to welcome new members, which installed itself at the house of the Sisters of the Assumption (rue de l'Assomption, Paris) and the other as a place where the spirit of the group could be deepened, meeting in the rue Jean Ferrandi.
This division raised the question of how to remain unified in a common spirit. "We need a name," they said, and decided to pray for this. In early March 1973, Françou was at the Sisters of the Assumption, where she was well-known. Geneviève de Mareuil, a member of the group and a recent convert, stopped by, in her enthusiasm quoting Françou almost half the Bible. Among the passages she recited was a text from the prophet Isaiah, which she had read just that day from an open Bible in a church: "Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign. Behold, a young woman shall conceive and bear a son, and shall call his name Emmanuel" (Is 7:14). At once, Françou, understood that this would be the name of the group: Emmanuel. Shortly afterwards, she met Sister Ignace-Christine, a Sister of the Assumption who attended the prayer meeting on the stairwell and announced joyfully, "That's it. I've found the name. It's..."
"Emmanuel, " replied Sister Ignace-Christine, before Françou had had time to finish her sentence.
Françou adds, "Geneviève and I were bursting with joy, a little as if it were Christmas."
When Martine was told this, she explained, "Ah! Now I understand why, when I open different Bibles, I keep finding the same passage: "Behold, a young woman shall conceive and bear a son, and shall call his name Emmanuel."" This passage from Isaiah is taken up again at the beginning of Matthew's Gospel, verse 23.
Pierre, too, was deeply struck by this passage: "and his name shall be called Emmanuel: this is God who is always with us, God who fights for us and goes ahead of us in battle."
Yet another confirmation came from Alain V., a young man from Melun (France), who had written a poem at the same time, in gratitude both for his conversion and for the prayer group. He entitled the poem "Emmanuel" without being aware of what had happened.
When this name was announced, it was unanimously accepted and acknowledged with joy. This name bore a grace and a destiny: the Virgin's protection has never failed Emmanuel. From the beginnings of life in community, the angelus has been faithfully sung before each meal.
Passage taken from the book "Fire and Hope" - pages 45-46


text: Finding the B&B was not a problem as we got straight into a taxi from Linate airport with no queues and arrived in 20mins. Make sure you email the hostess for instructions about the buzzer as there are lots and there would be no way of knowing as it doesn't say the B&B name on it. A bit of ogle... More


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The 10 finalists for the 2014 Ford C. Frick Award were announced on Wednesday, and the Bay Area has two representatives; late A's broadcaster Bill King and Giants broadcaster Duane Kuiper are both on the ballot.
The Ford C. Frick Award has been presented annually since 1978 by the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum for excellence in baseball broadcasting. Annual winners are announced as part of the Baseball Winter Meetings each year, while awardees are presented with their honor the following summer during Hall of Fame Weekend in Cooperstown, New York.
[RATTO: It's Bill King's time]
The museum website provided bios for each of the 10 finalists.
King's bio:
25 years (A's. 1981-2005), all with the A's as the lead radio play-by-play man, and retired…Has spent five decades thrilling fans with his vivid descriptions of some of the most historical moments in the annals of three of the Bay Area's major sports franchises – the San Francisco/Golden State Warriors, the Oakland/Los Angeles Raiders and the A's…Was stationed on the island of Guam at the end of World War II when he began his broadcasting career with the Armed Forces Radio Network…Launched his sportscasting career in the late 1940's in Pekin, Ill., broadcasting minor league baseball, along with high school football and basketball games…Passed away Oct. 18, 2005.
Kuiper's bio:
28 years (Giants, 1985, 1987-92, 94- ; Rockies, 1993), 26 with the Giants including the last 18, currently, in the Comcast SportsNet Bay Area and KNBR Radio broadcast booths…Received the first Bay Area Emmy award of his distinguished broadcasting career in the category of "On Camera Sports" in 1999, and won the prestigious award a second time in 2001…Has won a total of seven Emmy Awards… Spent 11 seasons in the majors as an infielder, the last four years with the Giants, following seven with the Cleveland Indians…After retiring in 1985 provided commentary on Giants radio broadcasts through the end of that season.
Ford C. Frick Award winners
1978 Mel Allen, Red Barber
1979 Bob Elson
1980 Russ Hodges
1981 Ernie Harwell
1982 Vin Scully
1983 Jack Brickhouse
1984 Curt Gowdy
1985 Buck Canel
1986 Bob Prince
1987 Jack Buck
1988 Lindsey Nelson
1989 Harry Caray
1990 By Saam
1991 Joe Garagiola
1992 Milo Hamilton
1993 Chuck Thompson
1994 Bob Murphy
1995 Bob Wolff
1996 Herb Carneal
1997 Jimmy Dudley
1998 Jaime Jarrin
1999 Arch McDonald
2000 Marty Brennaman
2001 Felo Ramirez
2002 Harry Kalas
2003 Bob Uecker
2004 Lon Simmons
2005 Jerry Coleman
2006 Gene Elston
2007 Denny Matthews
2008 Dave Niehaus
2009 Tony Kubek
2010 Jon Miller
2011 Dave Van Horne
2012 Tim McCarver
2013 Tom Cheek


text:
Item: NWF825
500 mg 90 Vcaps
Holy Basil [Ocimum tenuiflorum (also known as Ocimum sanctum)] has been shown to possess powerful adaptogenic properties and has been used to enhance the body's ability to respond to stress and minimize the negative effects of stress on the body. In addition, animal studies have demonstrated that Holy Basil can support carbohydrate metabolism and, as a result, healthy blood glucose levels already within a normal range.
Serving Size 1 Vcap®
|Amount Per Serving
|%Daily Value
|Holy Basil Extract (Tulsi Extract) (Leaves) (Ocimum tenuiflorum) (Standardized to min. 2% Ursolic Acid)
|500 mg
*Daily Value not established.
Other Ingredients: Cellulose (capsule), Magnesium Carbonate, Maltodextrin, Silica, Rice Flour and Magnesium Stearate (vegetable source).
Suggested usage: As a dietary supplement, take 1 Vcap® 1-2 times daily, preferably with meals.
Do not eat freshness packet. Keep in bottle.
Contains no sugar, salt, yeast, wheat, gluten, soy, milk, egg, shellfish or preservatives.
Vegetarian/Vegan Product.
.20 lbs
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text:
-.5 this morning.. 2 more pounds to go and then new downward numbers!
B:yeah.. ucky weather, needed toleave early..madea cup of coffee with HWC to go, forgot computer had to go back and get it,should have had breakfast..
L: made chicken salad with cabbage, last of the soup
D: I think I will have salmon patties. Have not had that for a while.. with some pretty purple cabbage.
Allthis security codes are driving me crazy and I learned I am yellow colorblind..LOL.. can NOT see the yellow or gray for crap. YET the spambots still get in
trying x2
trying x3


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Anthony Samad: Election night in the 8th District served as an opportunity to send a message to a politician who has lost his respect for constituents and of his constituents.
Free the 8th District from LA's Biggest Budget Buster
Anthony Samad: Bernard Parks disrespects people, the political office he holds, and the political processes he engages.
L.A.'s 8th District Revolt: It's More than a "Tantrum"
Is Parks' Representation Worth The $2.3 Million Paid Over The Next Four Years?
Anthony Samad: Ask yourself the question if you're an 8th District voter, "Am I getting $50,000 a month value out of the leadership (the) Parks provide in this district?"
A Nation of Tax-Evaders
The furor over the non-payment of taxes by Tom Daschle and a few other recent nominees for public office should not obscure the deeper truth that the United States has become a nation of tax-evaders. On the simplest level, this tax evasion is exemplified by the fact that vast numbers of people, including some who […]


text:
Jody Brown
- Email:
- email@example.com
- Biography
Jody Brown is the Coordinator of Special Education Programs and an instructor in the College of Educational Studies at Chapman University. Courses taught include "Collaboration for Inclusive Schooling" and "The Profession of Teaching in Special Education." Ms. Brown's experience includes piloting an elementary inclusion program and teaching students with disabilities in a collaborative setting for 17 years. In addition to her elementary experience, she has worked with students in K – 12 settings in California and Illinois as a teacher and as a speech/language pathologist.
Other faculty listings
Argyros School of Business & Economics
College of Educational Studies
Dodge College of Film and Media Arts
Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences
Wilkinson College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences


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While many of the county's taxing entities canceled elections because of a lack of contested races, there are several offices with opposing candidates. There are a pair of referendums voters will consider this time around.
Early voting starts Monday for 16 city, school district, college district and special utility district elections.


text: Dwell Magazine sat down with one of the most influential industrial designers of our time, Dieter Rams, to discuss the inspiration behind his current exhibit at the San Francisco MoMA. Titled "Less but Better," the exhibit includes more than 200 models made by Rams, featuring his renown minimalist design focusing on functionality and user-friendliness. Rams also adds contemporary products to the exhibit, including Apple computers, which were influenced by his Ten Principles of Good Design – an ethos inspiring companies and designers alike. The "Less but Better" exhibit will run until February 2012 at the SFMOMA.


text:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
|Look up up in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Up is the y-axis relative vertical direction opposed to down.
Up or UP may also refer to:
- -up, a suffix in Australian place names
- United Provinces (disambiguation)
- University Park, Pennsylvania
- University Park, Texas
- Upper Peninsula of Michigan, United States
- Uttar Pradesh, India
- Eup (administrative division)
Art, entertainment, and media[edit]
- Up! (1976 film), an adult comedy by Russ Meyer
- Up (1984 film), a short film
- Up (2009 film), by Disney/Pixar
- The Up, a Detroit protopunk band
- Up! (album), by Shania Twain
- Up (film score), for the Disney/Pixar film
- Up (ABC album)
- Up (Peter Gabriel album)
- Up (Great Big Sea album)
- Up (Morrissey–Mullen album)
- Up (Pop Evil album)
- Up (R.E.M. album)
- Up (Right Said Fred album)
- "Up" (James Morrison song)
- "Up" (Olly Murs song)
- "Up" (The Saturdays song)
- "Up!" (Samantha Jade song)
- "Up!" (Shania Twain song)
- "Up", a song by Justin Bieber from the album My World 2.0
- "Up", a song by Oneohtrix Point Never from the album Replica
- "Up", a song by Rob Crow
- "UP!", a song by LoveRance
- "Up!", a song by M83 from the album Saturdays = Youth
- Up (TV network), formerly known as GMC
- Up (TV series), on MSNBC
- The Up Series, a documentary series following the lives of several British people
- Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Panamerican University, Mexico, "Universidad Panamericana" in Spanish
- Pedagogical University, Mozambique
- Umutara Polytechnic, Rwanda
- University of Patras, Greece
- University of Pennsylvania, United States
- University of the Philippines, national university system of the Philippines
- University of the Philippines Diliman, its flagship university
- University of Phoenix, United States
- University of Poitiers, France
- University of Portland, United States
- University of Porto, Portugal
- University of Potsdam, Germany
- University of Pretoria, South Africa
- United Press International, a news agency
- University press; see List of university presses
Mathematics and science[edit]
- UP (complexity)
- Up (game theory)
- Up quark, in physics
- National Popular Party (Romania), a Romanian political party, "Uniunea Patrioților" in Romanian
- Patriotic Union (Colombia), a Colombian political party
- Labour United, a Polish political party, "Unia Pracy" in Polish
- Unidad Popular, a Chilean coalition of political parties
- United Party (disambiguation), any of several political parties
- Unity Party (disambiguation), any of several political parties
Vehicles and transportation[edit]
- Up (airline)
- Union Pacific Railroad, one of the Big Three rail companies in the US
- Volkswagen Up, an automobile
- UP, IATA code for Bahamasair, an airline
- Up, a railroad direction
Other uses[edit]
- Up (video game), based on the film of the same name
- Up!, a musical comedy also known as Via Galactica
- Unified Process, a software development process framework
- Unrotated Projectile, an anti-aircraft weapon
- Up, a term in sports designating one's turn, similar to "at bat" in baseball
See also[edit]
- All pages beginning with "up"
- All pages with titles containing Up
- Upward (disambiguation)
- Up Up Up Up Up Up, an album by Ani DiFranco
- 1-up
- Straight up (bartending)
- Upp (disambiguation)
- ↑ (disambiguation)
|This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Up.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.


text:
Constantine I
The Family Forest® Descendants of Emperor Constantine I The Great
for 40 generations
13,442 different people, 40 generations, over 23,511 source citations, 3,219 pages, printable, $36.95.
2009. New! 1st Edition. Created by the Family Forest® National Treasure Edition.
Down to the 1600s including Edward III and Robert I (meaning all of the descendants of Edward III and Robert I are also descendants of Constantine).


text:
Levenger offers an attractive way to collect and organize your magazines and newspapers. Storage baskets are an attractive addition to any home décor. A leather or woven basket is a helpful organizer in any room.
"Magazines all too frequently lead to books and should be regarded by the prudent as the heavy petting of literature," once claimed Fran Lebowitz. She may be on to something there, because within every magazine basket it seems that a magazine has been created for any interest under the sun. If you have a stack of magazines in some odd area of your living or working space, then you too may be ready to support her rather bold assertion. Interests may waiver just as magazine subscriptions may come and go, but the clutter they can leave in their wake is perfect for the Levenger magazine basket. Our magazine basket is ideal for storing both current and back issues of all your favorite magazines.
Eliminate your need to contemplate your magazine storage issues any longer, for our magazine basket is more than capable of housing all those wonderful periodicals neatly and discreetly within an arm's length of any chosen comfortable chaise lounge or love seat. Or perhaps a magazine basket will be most useful near your nightstand so that your reading materials can be handily replaced after your bedtime reading is completed. The generous periodical and newspaper storage space provided by the magazine basket makes finding any special issue with an applicable workout plan or recipe easier than you ever imagined. You will double your value by purchasing our durable and stylish magazine basket, an organizational tool that successfully masquerades as your smartest and most affordable storage solution in any room of the home or office.
© Copyright Levenger Company
2016. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Rob McEwen
|This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. (September 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
|Rob McEwen
|April 15, 1950
Rob McEwen, CC (born April 15, 1950) is a Canadian businessman. He is the chairman and CEO of McEwen Mining Inc., Chairman of Lexam VG Gold Inc. and was the founder and former chairman and CEO of Goldcorp Inc., which is the world's largest gold producer based on market capitalization. McEwen followed his father into the investment industry and also developed a passion for gold.
In 1990 McEwen stepped into the mining industry, where he transformed Goldcorp from a collection of small companies into a mining powerhouse. Since 1993, when McEwen started re-structuring Goldcorp, its market capitalization has grown from $50 million USD to over $20 billion and Goldcorp's share price has increased at a 31% compound annual growth rate.
There was a scenario in which he was undecided where to mine the gold. In the end, he used the internet to post all the data on the mine, and invite scientists all over the world to take the challenge of helping Goldcorp find its next successful 6 million ounces of gold. His colleagues were horrified that he wanted to share the company's proprietary data with the world. But response was overwhelming and many qualified participants submitted detailed drilling plans to the company.[1]
Rob believes that management should be as personally invested in a company as its shareholders, and as such, he owns 25% of the outstanding shares of McEwen Mining Inc. and 27% of Lexam VG Gold Inc.'s. Rob receives no salary.
A graduate of St. Andrew's College, Aurora, Ontario, Canada in 1969 [1], McEwen later earned a B.A. from the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada and an MBA from the Schulich School of Business. Rob also holds an Honorary Doctor of Laws Degree from York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.[2]
McEwen is a member of WPO, the Canadian Council of Chief Executives and the Dean's Advisory Board, Schulich School of Business, Toronto.
On July 3, 2007 McEwen was appointed to the Order of Canada, the country's highest civilian honor.[3]
McEwen's philanthropic efforts are designed to encourage excellence and innovation in health care and education. McEwen has donated in excess of $60 million: McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the Toronto General Hospital; Schulich School of Business, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Red Lake Margaret Cochenour Memorial Hospital, Red Lake, Ontario, Canada; McEwen School of Architecture[4] at the Laurentian University in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada; and two museums and a church.[5]
- November 2014: Weizmann Canada's Leading Man Award
- February 2013: Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Award
- November 2010: Paul J. Hill School of Business Leadership Award
- July 2007: Order of Canada[6]
- May 2007: Canadian Youth Business Foundation - Lifetime Achievement Award[citation needed]
- April 2007: St. George's Society's - Award of Merit For Community Service[citation needed]
- March 2007: Schulich School of Business - Alumni Recognition Award Outstanding Executive Leadership
- October 2006: Tiffany & Co. - 2006 Tiffany Mark Award
- October 2006: Canadian Business magazine's "Most Innovative CEO"
- February 2005: "Honorary Doctor of Laws Degree", York University[7]
- February 2005: Significant Sig Award by the Sigma Chi Fraternity
- May 2004: Canadian Museum Association for "Outstanding Achievement Award" Philanthropy Category
- January 2003: The Northern Miner's "Mining Man of the Year" Award for 2002
- September 2002: Ernst & Young 2002 Ontario Entrepreneur of the Year Award in the Energy Category
- August 2002: Canadian Business - Annual Board Survey 16th Best Board of Directors in Canada
- March 2002: Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada (PDAC) - 2001 Viola R. MacMillan Award for Developer of the Year
- March 2002: Fast Company's "The Fast 50" - Champion of Innovation. - First Annual Global Readers' Challenge
- February 2002: Investor Relations Magazine 2002 Awards - Best Senior Management Communications in Canada - nominated for three other awards.
- September 2000: Business Week "Web Smart 50" One of the 50 most innovative companies on the web worldwide.
- ^ Rob McEwen's gold mining effort "Mavericks at Work", "Daily Tools" Black Book (blog), 17 November 2014
- ^ Corporate website: http://mcewenmining.com/Management/CEO/default.aspx
- ^ US Gold & Lexam CEO Rob McEwen Appointed to the Order of Canada; Canada's Highest Civilian Honour: Financial News - Yahoo! Finance
- ^ "McEwen School of Architecture". Laurentian University.
- ^ http://www.mcewenmining.com/Management/Chief-Owner/default.aspx
- ^ Governor General of Canada Order of Canada recipient
- ^ Honorary degrees, York University


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Previous abstract Next abstract
Session 91 - Working Group on Astronomical Software.
Oral session, Wednesday, January 17
Salon del Rey North, Hilton
The Strasbourg astronomical Data Center (CDS) has been created in 1972 with the following goals:
-- to collect useful data concerning astronomical objects, and available on electronic form, -- to improve them through comparisons, critical evaluations, and cross-identifications, -- to distribute the results to the astronomical community, -- to conduct scientific research using these data.
The concept of data center had to be extended in the context of the fastly growing number of on-line services of interest to astronomers: a key issue for the CDS is to help the users retrieving the data and information they need among the many possible sources.
We describe how the CDS works at providing a global perspective on astronomical data and information, with the help of recent technological developments.
The following items will be presented:
-- The astronomical catalogues -- The SIMBAD database of astronomical objects -- The ALADIN interactive sky atlas -- Bibliography and literature search (SIMBAD bibliography, abstracts of recent papers, Reference Dictionary of the Nomenclature of Celestial Objects) -- Yellow-Page Services (Star*s Family of Astronomy resources) -- The CDS WWW service.
Program listing for Wednesday


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Bj & Jamie - Jamie's love story! (2/26)
The greatest love story ever! Jamie's hair dresser set her up with a man. Jamie and the man have been texting for days now… and yesterday was the day that "The Moment she knew it was real" -- the two of them both put each other in their contacts as "Okieee-Dokieee" they have a okiee-dokiee connection!