text:
This is a discussion on NSEC3 Resolved Issues - DNS ; These are NSEC3 issues that we consider to be resolved. Geoff ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NSEC3 Issue 1: Use of Hashes Creates New Owner Names Issue: A signed zone which uses NSEC3 introduces new owner names which are Base32-encoded hashes of existing owner ...
These are NSEC3 issues that we consider to be resolved.
NSEC3 Issue 1: Use of Hashes Creates New Owner Names
A signed zone which uses NSEC3 introduces new owner names which are
Base32-encoded hashes of existing owner names in the zone.
We do not see that, in and of itself, there is any problem with this.
It is possible for an NSEC3 RR may have the same owner name as a real
owner name; the consequences of this are considered in Issue 12.
NSEC3 Issue 2: RFC 3548 Base32 Sort Order
RFC 3548 describes a Base32 encoding that is unsuitable for NSEC3 hashes,
as the sort order of the encodings differ from binary sort order.
This issue was raised in this post to namedroppers:
Subsequent to this post, the author of RFC 3548 submitted a new draft:
This draft adds a new encoding called "base 32 extended hex alphabet"
which preserves the sort order of encoded data, and describes the
encoding used in -nsec-03. This is the same encoding used in Section
3.1 of RFC 2938.
If rfc3548bis is published, the nsec3 draft will be changed to reference
this encoding scheme; otherwise the draft will reference the one used
in RFC 2938.
NSEC3 Issue 3: Determination of Correct Zone Parameters
A name server has to be able to look up the NSEC3 RR associated with an
owner name. To do this, it must have the correct values for the salt
and number of iterations required to produce the hash value which is
the owner name of the NSEC3 RR. However, an NSEC3 zone may contain any
number of incomplete chains of NSEC3 RRs provided that at least one is
complete. Consequently it cannot use the values contained in any
arbitrary NSEC3 RR in the zone. So how does a name server determine
the correct values for the zone?
One method for setting the correct values would be to provide them
externally, e.g. via the name server's configuration file or
out-of-band signaling. However this is not a practical option for
secondary servers, which will not have access to information in the
primary server's configuration file, and may additionally be running
different DNS implementations with no provision for out-of-band
Another method for determining the correct values would be for the name
server to examine each NSEC3 RR with a unique combination of values for
salt and iterations, and to then enumerate any chains which might be
associated with those values to determine whether they form a complete
NSEC3 chain. This would of course be impractical for all but the
smallest of zones.
A third method would be to require that an NSEC3 RR for the host name
of the apex exist only if an (otherwise) complete chain of NSEC3 RRs
with the same parameters exists. This way, a name server may obtain
the correct values from any NSEC3 RRs that has the SOA bit set in the
Bit Type field. If more than one NSEC3 RR exists with the SOA bit set,
the values of any of them may be used, as each one would indicate the
existence of a complete NSEC3 chain.
The use of the third method will be specified in -04.
NSEC3 Issue 4: Design Rationale
The draft needs to include more information about rationale underlying
various design decisions, for example:
- Why use a salt?
- Why use iterations?
An expanded design rationale will be included in -04.
NSEC3 Issue 5: Hash Function RDATA Too Short
The hash function field of the RDATA section of the NSEC3 RR is seven
bits long; however RFC 4034 specifies that DNSSEC security algorithms
are identified by 8-bit numbers (Appendix A, Section 1).
This will be corrected in -04.
NSEC3 Issue 6: Owner names of hashes are limited to case-folded names
The owner names of NSEC3 RRs are currently restricted to case-folded
names as non-case folded names will not be ordered properly in a zone.
Base32 has been selected for this encoding. As a consequence, NSEC3 RRs
require a 32 octet owner name to represent each hash, 12 more than the
binary representation of the hash. If NSEC3 were to be subsequently
modified to use SHA-256, then each owner name would require 20 more
octets than the binary representation.
Some have suggested that NSEC3 could use a new binary label type for
owner names rather than Base32-encoded labels; this would marginally
reduce the size of DNSSEC responses for zones using NSEC3. It would
also marginally increase the total length domain names which could be
permitted in an NSEC3 zone.
[ Impact on truncation? ]
This would be a significant departure from previous IETF conservatism,
e.g. the selection of ASCII encoding for IDNs. It would also introduce
additional complexity to implementors, requiring broad, non-trivial
code base changes to existing implementations. Also significantly more
middleboxes might fail to properly handle the introduction of a new
label type than a new type code.
Base32-encoded labels will be used.
NSEC3 Issue 7: Maximum Domain Name Length
The owner name of the apex of an NSEC3 zone is limited to 222 octets,
as the NSEC3 hash for the apex (and any other owner names in the zone)
is constrained to 255 octets. In practise vanishingly few domain
names approach this length. Zones that require such long names will be
constrained to using NSEC RRs.
It's unlikely many domain names will be affected by this limitation.
Those that are are probably pathological cases. If DNSSEC is to be used
for any domain names of > 222 octets then NSEC rather than NSEC3 will
have to be used.
(Note that for any zone which uses NSEC3, it may be desirable to limit
overall domain length to 202 octets, as longer names could not be used
in an NSEC3 zone using SHA-256 hashes.)
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In the introduction the author puts forth the purpose of this book as follows:
Vegetative nervous system response patterns are inextricably associated with cerebrospinal response patterns, but when either system relaxes, the other tends to relax likewise. Accordingly the physiology and control of the emotions is opened to investigation and to practical application. The present volume will be devoted to exposition of this thesis and to examples in education and medicine.
The cerebrospinal response patterns which are of particular concern to the author are those which involve muscle. In the following chapters he defines emotions, notes the close connection between stimulus, some form of central integration, output, and most importantly, the feedback to the central nervous system (CNS) from the effector apparatus (viz, musculature). In this regard he sees impulses from the muscular system as having an important role in the maintenance of CNS activity
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
A woman was severely burned Saturday afternoon after her apartment near downtown Amarillo caught fire and she became wedged between her couch and a wall.
Neighbors identified the woman as Marie Johnson and said she was in her 70s. Amarillo firefighters said she suffered second- or third-degree burns and was transported to Northwest Texas Hospital. Hospital officials said she was in critical condition Saturday night.
The cause of the fire was under investigation, fire officials said.
Amarillo police Cpl. Paul Ware and Officer Justin Graham were among the first to respond about 3:45 p.m. to the fire at 1613 S. Polk St.
Ware said when he arrived he ran inside after he heard a woman yelling from inside the burning apartment.
He found a couch burning in the living room and Johnson trapped between it and the wall. Ware and Graham struggled to free her. Ware flipped the burning couch while Graham ran to get gloves so they could move Johnson.
Neighbors said Johnson was trying to get out and likely lost her balance and became trapped. Officials said they found her walker near the couch. Her small dog, Tigger, wouldn't leave the couch, Ware said.
Amarillo firefighters arrived about 4:50 p.m. and removed Johnson from the residence. Her dog also was rescued. It was turned over to city's animal control department until officials knew if Johnson would be able to care for it.
The two-story apartment building is divided into units, but firefighters said only Johnson's was significantly damaged. Another sustained light smoke damage, fire officials said. They estimated the blaze did about $5,000 in damage.
Irving Gomez and his girlfriend, Sandy Rios, were asleep in the apartment above when they heard sirens.
"I got out of the room and there was smoke all over the living room," Gomez said.
Rios said a transportation service had come to take Johnson to the store, noticed the smoke and called for help.
Gomez and Rios sat together on a nearby porch watching firefighters clear the apartment with another neighbor who was clothed in his bathrobe.
"She was burned pretty bad," Gomez said of Johnson.
"All over her body," Rios added.
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text:
THE INSTITUTO Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion "Salvador Zubiran" was founded in 1946 in Mexico City, Mexico, with the name Hospital de Enfermedades de la Nutricion: a hospital devoted to the most complex problems in internal medicine. Since its foundation, it has become the leading academic hospital in Mexico, with the highest standards in clinical care, research, and training. For a single institution, it has the most medical investigators, bibliographic productions, and index citations. The Department of Surgery, which later became the Division of Surgery, was started in 1947 by Clemente Robles, MD, a leader in the surgical field.
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SIGN UPfor your free trial »
Greetings! Get your FREE trial of Monoloop by simply completing the form.
You get full access to all functionallty in the Enterprise plan.
By: Kresten Bergsøe
Introducing initial API
Integrating Monoloops profile information with backend systems and external platforms opens up an ocean of opportunities - and now that has just become a lot easier!
Initially we have enabled a few RESTfull web services that enable you to programmatically access the full Monoloop profile information and a simple service that enable you to sync your backend systems with the changes that has occurred since the last sync operation.
There are many use cases with the new API - but the most important are connecting behavioral profile information to the email marketing platform and CRM system. These two systems are the natural startingpoints for the marketing automation effort in most organizations.
With the Monoloop API the task of extending these systems with the online visitors behavior has been reduced significantly. The ability to create web applications on top of Monoloops profile information Facebook Style have now become trivial.
We will continue to expand the API and will keep you posted going forward with new features.


text:
The latest version of Adobe Flash Player is required to watch this video.
Please click on the link below to download the latest version. Thanks!
More than 2,000 members of the Crystal Cathedral gathered for a final service in their famed glass house this weekend.
The congregation has moved to its new location about a mile away.
Financial troubles forced the mega-church, best known for its "Hour of Power" TV program, to sell the building to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Orange in 2011.
Pastor Bobby Schuller, grandson of church founder Robert H. Schuller, said the spirit of the church will continue.
The incoming Catholic congregation also held its first service in the building this weekend.
The St. Callistus Church congregation will rename the church "Christ Cathedral."
Crystal Cathedral Renamed 'Christ Cathedral'
Crystal Cathedral Fires Three Schuller Relatives
Crystal Cathedral Megachurch Files for Bankruptcy
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Are you seeking answers in life? Are you hurting? Are you facing a difficult situation?
Find peace with God, discover more about God or send us your prayer request.
Call The 700 Club Prayer Center at 1 (800) 823-6053, 24 hours a day.
A caring friend will be there to pray with you in your time of need.
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text:
This session will show you how to set up alerts to journals, databases and websites, so that you receive notifications when new content is added. Participants will have the opportunity to set up RSS feed readers and/or email notifications during the session.
Course information
|Intended audience
|Researchers, academic staff, graduates and anyone interested in the topic.
|Prior knowledge
|Basic familiarity with the Internet/Windows applications.
|Brief notes are supplied at no charge
|Standard Internet Browser
|Presentation with practical exercises
|Where next?
|See other workshops in the iSkills programme or contact your subject librarian for assistance.
Course provider: Bodleian Libraries
Frequency: Every term. Express an interest in future dates for this course.


text:
Send guests home with a sweet treat. Each box includes an adjustable insert to keep your cupcake safe and secure. Includes (4) Little Sunshine Party Cupcake Boxes. Easy assembly. Measures 3.25" wide x 3.75" high. Cupcake not included. Read More
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text:
|Issue Number 244
October 1999
P.O. Box 189, Moffett Field, CA 94035-0189
Hazmat is an acronym referring to "hazardous materials" or cargo. In many of the cases reported to ASRS, hazmat is brought on board aircraft by uninformed or unsuspecting passengers. But two recent reports describe events in which PICs themselves were the unwitting source of hazardous cargo. We begin with an air carrier Captains story:
ASRS receives several reports of similar incidents each year, and there are undoubtedly more that go unreported.
A General Aviation pilot provided a tale of a frightening hazmat discovery in-flight:
A delicate dilemma faced by instructors in operational training situations is deciding how far to let a student go. If an instructor is too conservative, the student may never learn the full range of skills needed. Too casual, and the student may be placed in situations beyond his or her ability to cope. An air carrier instructor explained to ASRS why being mentally prepared to take control from a student was not enough.
The reporter added that the geometry of the involved aircraft is sufficiently different from previous models (longer and more vulnerable to tail strikes) as to mandate trainee landing and takeoff experience in the simulator.
heard of the golfer who was all backswing and no follow-through. A distant
relative may be the pilot who dutifully engages in preflight planning
and activities, but loses sight of details and contingencies. Several
ASRS reporters describe flight preparation omissions that put them "in
the rough":
A First Officer describes the last leg of a long day:
the spirit of the witching season, we offer a recent ASRS report that
describes the light that wasnt there.
Kudos to our reporter for keeping his head, and to ATC for their invisible but benevolent guidance.
Moral: the goblins will get cha if you dont watch out!


text:
LANSING — While a proposal to bolster citizens' access to public records recently passed the Michigan House, state lawmakers have shown mixed resolve in opening government to greater transparency.
The Michigan House last week passed a bill that makes several changes to the state Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), including a standard fee for copying documents and increased punitive damages for public bodies that violate the law. The bill, sponsored by Republican Rep. Mike Shirkey of Clarklake, received bipartisan support despite opposition from some local governments.
The vote came during Sunshine Week, a national initiative to promote open government and freedom of information.
Michigan lawmakers used the week to call for a more open and transparent government and even ask for campaign donations, while their own legislative branch remains exempt from FOIA.
Bills to include the legislative branch under FOIA have been introduced by in both chambers but have not gone anywhere.
"I think that's something we should look at," said Sen. Hoon-Yung Hopgood, D-Taylor.
Sen. Steve Bieda, D-Warren, sponsored a bill to include the Legislature in FOIA but doesn't expect that or his other transparency measures to gain momentum.
"If local units of government are subject to FOIA, we should be applying the same rules to ourselves," he said.
When asked whether Republican House Speaker Jase Bolger supports including the Legislature under FOIA, spokesman Ari Adler replied that the House is more open with information than ever before. But he stopped short of backing efforts to expand FOIA to the legislative branch.
"Given the nature of other work that legislators do, it is imperative that we are careful with sharing some information," Adler said in an email. "For example, we want constituents to know that if we collect personal information that helps our office assist them with issues they need addressed with state or federal agencies, that such information will be protected from public release."
Bieda and Hopgood used Sunshine Week as an opportunity to ask for campaign donations to the Senate Democratic Fund. Their requests came in emails that said Republicans haven't supported increased transparency.
Bolger, meanwhile, sent a news release in honor of Sunshine Week highlighting the fact that bill amendments and substitutes will now be posted on the legislative website before the bill gets a final vote.
Yet all three lawmakers have supported measures that Freedom of Information advocates criticized for restricting access to records, such as formally revoking most access to juvenile criminal histories.
The lawmakers said it's a matter of balancing personal privacy with the public's right to know, while also trying to give juvenile offenders a clean slate for rehabilitation.
Michigan Press Association (MPA) spokeswoman Lisa McGraw argued the public's interest in disclosure outweighs the public's interest in nondisclosure.
She said it also depends on the particular offenses, noting that information about someone who commits petty theft may not be as important as having access to information about violent offenders, whether they're juveniles or are being processed through one of Michigan's diversionary courts, such as the veterans' treatment or mental health courts.
However access to diversionary court records is a delicate issue that sometimes involves health privacy issues, McGraw said.
Lawmakers also used personal privacy to justify exempting weapons permit information from FOIA. Legislation to do so passed the House this month.
Bieda said he can understand the privacy issue of not wanting to advertise who does or does not have a gun since they could be targeted for robbery. He said it's important to still have aggregate data on permits issued, which the bill would allow.
The MPA opposes the gun permit exception.
"If I have a neighbor who I consider maybe not to be super safe, I'd like to know if they had a weapon or not," McGraw said.
Campaign finance reporting is another contentious open-government debate. Gov. Rick Snyder last year signed a law that codifies non-disclosure rules for so-called issue ads, which often feature attacks but do not direct viewers to vote for or against a particular candidate.
Bolger "is in favor of more and more-frequent disclosure of campaign donations directly to candidates," Adler said. "However, if you require disclosure of individuals who are donating to a cause or an organization, you may actually have a chilling effect on people getting involved with avenues to make sure their voice is heard, and that could interfere with their First Amendment rights to freedom of speech."
Hopgood said it's "horrendous" to hide financial backers of campaign ads or other political groups. He and Bieda sponsored a bill to expand reporting requirements on so-called tax-exempt nonprofit 527 funds, but it hasn't gone anywhere.
Bieda also wants to require disclosure of income, assets and other financial information for elected officials. He said Michigan is among a minority of states that doesn't require disclosure.
"That's appalling and I think the citizens of the state deserve better," he said.
Disclosure: MLive Media Group is a member of the MPA.
Email Melissa Anders at firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow her on Google+ and Twitter: @MelissaDAnders. Download the MLive app for iPhone and Android.


text:
WTAE photographer John McKee takes you inside the DIRECTV Blimp during its recent trip to Pittsburgh for the Steelers-Ravens game.
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Bike Share
Check out a Bike in the SRC Gym!
Use your UofL ID to check out a bike, helmet, and lock for free for the day from the Student Recreation Center!
Come to the Lobby Counter in the SRC to check out a bike for the day.
Bikes are available on a daily basis. Participants must agree to sign a damage waiver and return the bike by the time the gym closes at the end of each day. Bikes may be checked out on Fridays for weekend use and returned on Monday.
Participants are liable for all damage to the bikes while in their possession.
In the future bikes will be able to be checked out at other locations on campus.
From the University of Louisville Sustainability Council:
In August 2012, the Sustainability Council installed 66 new bike racks (432 bike spaces) at numerous locations around Belknap campus, as well as five Bike Fix-It Stations with basic tools and a pump (at Humanities, SAC/Red Barn Plaza, SAC Floyd St. entrance, University Tower Apartments and HSC Kornhauser plaza). For help with repairs use the Quick Read (QR) code on the front of the Fixit to view detailed instructions on your smart phone. These much-needed improvements were funded through our Climate Action Plan. Learn more


text:
The world's largest unmanned systems exhibition wrapped up this week in Washington, D.C. It featured a treasure trove of information for investors and the public, including the latest in drone, robotics, and manufacturing technology.
Motley Fool analysts Blake Bos and Rex Moore were among the 8,000 attendees; they bring us the conference's big takeaways in the video below.
With the American markets reaching new highs, investors and pundits alike are skeptical about future growth. They shouldn't be. Many global regions are still stuck in neutral, and their resurgence could result in windfall profits for select companies. A recent Motley Fool report, "3 Strong Buys for a Global Economic Recovery," outlines three companies that could take off when the global economy gains steam. Click here to read the full report!


text:
Google loses in its case to carry Belgian newspapers in the Google News Belgium site -- but will it have the last laugh? Will widgets kill the blogging star? Looking at some search engine startups, plus a search engine love triangle for Valentine's Day. These stories and more on today's show.
Tune-in by listening to this MP3 file, listening via WebmasterRadio at 11:30am Eastern and repeated at 2pm Eastern Monday through Thursday (see instructions here), through iTunes via this link, though our Yahoo Podcasts channel or in other ways listed here. You can also listen on our Digg podcasts channel. And vote for us on Digg, c'mon! Visit the channel to do it or use this button at the top of this page.
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- Google Loses In Belgium Newspaper Case (Updated) A Belgium court has found that Google did violate copyright when including material from several Belgian newspapers in its search index. Google may have to pay a fine, but the ruling is far more positive for the company. Google can continue to index content without explicit permission. NOTE: The story...
- SingingFish.com Now Redirects To AOL Video Search Gary Price reports that SingingFish.com now redirects to AOL Video. AOL purchased SingingFish.com from Thomson Multimedia in November 2003. In June 2005, AOL revamped their Video Search, which included having results from SingingFish.com. Now, SingingFish.com is set up as a 301 redirect (permanent redirect) to video.aol.com....
- Viacom Circumvents YouTube, Making MTV Networks' Video Available To All Others, PaidContent.org
- YouTube Moves to Dismiss UTube Suit, Google Watch
- YouTube shuts down Gawker account, News.com
- Space.com Banned from Digg?, 10e20
- Will Widgets Kill the Webpage? (Exclusive Netvibes video), The Next Net
- JavaScript Badges and Widgets Considered Harmful, Jeremy Zawodny
- Sproose - A Social Search Engine Sproose is another social search engine where you get to vote for your favourite websites/pages, and to that extent it's very similar to previous social search engines that I've looked at recently. It's got the double 'o' in the name which always helps, and uses terminology that sounds familiar, such...
- Roundup: Cuill, the new search engine, Fabrik, dMark, Pipes, Xoma and more, VentureBeat
- Powerset raising more money, VentureBeat
- PowerHype At Powerset, TechCrunch
- The questionable personhood of Powerset, Valleywag
- SearchMash Gets Smarter, Google Operating System
- Google Search Results Now May Display Malware Warnings Google Operating Systems reports that Google has changed the way they handle warning searchers of sites that may contain malware on them. He notes that a search on beautiful free screensaver currently brings up a result from elitesavers.com that has a message from Google that reading, "This site may harm...
- Google Maps Adds "Report Incorrect Data" Link Mike Blumenthal reports that Google has added an easier way to report inaccurate data found within Google Maps. For any unverified business listing, Google will show a link that reads
- You Hum It, I'll Sing It Recently a couple of search engines have come to my attention that are designed to allow you to hum a few bars of a tune into them, and then they'll tell you what the song is. These are Midomi and Humming Search from Nayio. The concept is straightfoward; you allow...
- InfoSpace Joins Forces With FAST For Mobile Search InfoSpace and FAST announced a partnership at 3GSM that seeks to marry InfoSpace's carrier relationships and content expertise with FAST's search technology and PPC platform on mobile devices. The companies will be offering their new "white label" services and platform to wireless carriers in the U.S. and Europe. That makes...
- Wordtracker Adds UK Keywords Option To Keyword Tools Wordtracker, a very popular keyword tool used by search marketers, has added UK keywords to their existing tools. This means, those wanting to target the UK region, will have an option to specify UK keywords only and will be shown related keywords based on that data....
- A Collection of Gmail Homepages, Google Operating System
- I Have A Link Building Secret Link building secrets? That search on Google comes up with over 20 million matches. How secret is anything out there with so much discussion about it? And which of those 20 million shiny nuggets are real secrets rather than fool's gold? Here are just some of the secrets you...
- Guide to Link Buying : Directories, Ads and Reviews, Search Engine Journal
- You Might Be an SEO If…, SEOrefugee Blog
- Google's "I'm Feeling Lucky" Button To Be Renamed "Wikipeda Result" Button - Joke, Search Engine Roundtable
- Search Love Triangle: Ask.com Wants Those Looking For Yahoo.com On Google.com It's not new for search engines to advertise on other search engines. We wrote about Live.com doing that on Google earlier this year, and that was just the latest in a long line of examples over the years. But we've never heard of a search engine advertising for those...


text:
Poverty and the environment – making the links
If we're going to reduce poverty in the long term, we need to recognise how it's linked to the environment.
We all depend on biodiversity and ecosystems, and the services nature provides – but we often take them for granted. Ecosystems provide:
- food
- timber
- fibres
- fuel
- medicines
- fresh water
They also provide essential services such as:
- water purification
- air and soil quality
- pollination
- pest control
- climate regulation
- protection against floods, landslides and other natural hazards
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment clearly shows a decline in the ecosystems that supply many of these services and products.
Ecosystems and poverty
Poorer communities are most affected by this decline since they are most directly reliant on ecosystem services for their well-being. The livelihoods of more than one billion people depend directly on natural resources.
Damage to the environment, as well as a lack of clean water and land suitable for farming or growing food, leads to more hunger, illness, poverty and reduced opportunities to make a living.
Poorer people are also less resilient to natural or manmade disasters, including climate change. Conflict over natural resources threatens their development – illegal logging, for example, robs governments of revenues and deprives local communities of forest resources.
Looking after natural resources makes poorer communities more resilient. Forests, for example, can protect agricultural land and villages from soil erosion and flooding. Mangrove swamps provide protection from storm surges and coastal erosion. Sustainable management of agricultural land provides food for people to eat and sell.
We need to invest carefully in environmental goods and services. Priorities include:
- integrated water resource management
- sustainable fisheries
- restoring degraded land
- sustainable forest management
These will bring long-term benefits for the economy and human development.
What WWF is doing
We support local communities to help them manage their natural resources – such as land, water, forests and biodiversity – in a sustainable way.
We do this by giving people the skills they need to manage their environment and creating opportunities for them to have their say about the way this is done. This can help improve livelihoods and reduce poverty in the long-term.
It's not a one-way process either. We can often learn from the traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples. Their local wisdom and survival skills, often learned and passed down over generations, can teach us a lot about the natural world and how to live in harmony with it.
Our community-based projects show that with local people involved it's possible to find the delicate balance between development and conservation.
For example, we've linked the small-scale forest enterprises we helped set up to local and international markets. This creates a reliable source of income for poor communities, and gives people an incentive to manage their environment in a sustainable way.
We're working at many different levels to help some of the world's poorest people use natural resources in a more sustainable way – better for them and better for the environment.
International development
To fight poverty, we need to tackle the root causes of the problem. We need people at every level to take action, from local communities to national governments. And we need policies to help them do this.
Environmental governance
Governance is about decision-making – who makes the decisions, why, and how those decisions are implemented. It happens at all scales, from local community organisations through national governments to global institutions.
Climate change and poverty
The poorest people and the poorest countries are being hit first and hardest by climate change. Yet they bear least responsibility for greenhouse-gas emissions.
Livelihoods and natural resources
Hundreds of millions of people around the world rely on natural resources for their livelihoods. For example, an estimated 250 million people in developing countries directly depend on small-scale fisheries for food and income.
Women and conservation
We recognise the different roles women and men play in managing natural resources. Every day, all over the world, women make countless choices that affect the environment.
Private sector involvement
The private sector has an important role to play in helping developing economies grow. We want to make sure local people benefit when companies work in developing countries. We also want to make sure the environment doesn't suffer.


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Address : Learning Sciences Lab
National Institute of Education
Singapore 1 Nanyang Walk Singapore 637616
Email : email@example.com
Tel : +65 6790 3307
Fax : +65 6515 1992
Please refer to the map above.
Directions to the Learning Sciences Lab via NIE Car Park 5:
Enter NTU campus through Jalan Bahar, travel along the road.
At first roundabout turn right into Nanyang Cresent.
Drive straight all the way bypassing a T-junction, after the tennis courts, you will see Car Park 5 on your left.
Parking is at Carpark 5.
LSL is at Basement 3 of Block 5, Physical Education block of NIE.


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Introduction African Americans Women Native Americans Voters Today
Women and the Vote
1776 Abigail Adams writes to her husband, John, who is attending the Continental Congress in Philadelphia, asking that he and the other men--who were at work on the Declaration of Independence--"Remember the Ladies." John responds with humor. [When it is finished,] the Declaration's wording specifies that "all men are created equal."
From the timeline One Hundred Years Toward Suffrage.
When John Adams ignored his wife's request to include "the ladies" in the Declaration of Independence, he sowed the seeds for the women's suffrage movement in the United States. The movement took root at an 1840 conference in London, when two determined women met for the first time. Even though they were delegates to the World Anti-Slavery Congress, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton could not participate in the convention because they were female. This snub inspired them to work together to guarantee rights for women.
In 1848, Mott and Stanton hosted the Seneca Falls Convention, the first women's rights convention in the United States. To launch the convention, a Declaration of Sentiments was published that mocked the Declaration of Independence. This satirical document painted the American male as the oppressor instead of the King of England.
some key grievances included in the Declaration of Sentiments were:
"He has never permitted her to exercise her inalienable right to the elective franchise.
He has compelled her to submit to laws, in the formation of which she had no voice.
Having deprived her of this first right of a citizen, the elective franchise, thereby leaving her without representation in the halls of legislation, he has oppressed her on all sides."
Women's rights conventions were held regularly after 1848. In 1853, Frances Gage presided over the National Women's Rights Convention in Cleveland, Ohio. She commented on the prevailing opinion that women belonged at home, not at the polling place:
I was asked a few days ago . . . "are you not afraid that woman will run into excesses, that homes will be deserted, that men will lack wives in this country?" I have but one reply to make to that question. Society grants to every man in the United States, every free "white male citizen," ... the privilege of voting, and of being voted for; of being President of the United States; of sitting upon the bench; of filling the jury box, of going to Congress; ... and we don't believe woman will get very far out of her place, if society should yield her the same rights.
Home | Candidates | Voters | Party System | Election Process | Issues


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Former Congressman Todd Platts announced Thursday he is running for judge in York County.
Platts plans to cross file in the May 21st primary.
He served in the U.S. House of Representatives for 12 years.
The views expressed are not those of this site, this station or its affiliated companies. By posting your comments you agree to accept our terms of use.blog comments powered by Disqus


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Kevin Connolly, recently named one of PEOPLE's Hottest Bachelors, feting his first ever magazine cover during a private dinner at The Friar's Club in New York. The Hamptons cover guy and Entourage star also fielded some impromptu questions about his costars. "Wherever I go people ask, 'Are you guys really friends?' " he told the crowd. "And we are."
Dave M. Benett / Getty
Kate Bosworth, entertaining friends in the summer sun at the Chateau Marmont's courtyard. And an onlooker tells us that Bosworth, clad in a white silky dress, was so funny, she "had the whole table tearing with laughter."
Kelly Osbourne, showing off her new hot pink hairdo while on her way into Hollywood hot spot Hyde. Osbourne – ever the social butterfly – flitted around the room excitedly as she ran into old friends.
By MARK DAGOSTINO, MAUREEN HARRINGTON, MONIQUE JESSEN and MARY MARGARET
Wednesday's Caught in the Act >


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Bipartisan lawmakers unify SGR fixes
House, Senate lawmakers propose merged Medicare physician payment bill to repeal SGR
Lawmakers took another step toward repealing the reviled sustainable growth rate formula that sets physician payment in the Medicare program, but they still haven't figured out how to pay for it.
House and Senate lawmakers from both sides of the aisle agreed to a single piece of legislation – the SGR Repeal and Medicare Provider Payment Modernization Act of 2014 – on Thursday. The proposed legislation merges three proposed pieces of legislation to offer a single view from Congress on how it would create a permanent Medicare physician payment system to reward quality, coordination and prevention and movement toward alternative payment models.
[See also: 'Doc fix' advances to full House]
The proposed legislation would also improve the fee-for-service system by streamlining Medicare's existing web of quality programs into one value-based performance program, according to a media release from the Senate Finance Committee.
The legislation incorporates a five-year 0.5 percent increase, which was part of a three-month temporary fix included in the bipartisan budget deal in December. That deal averted a 25 percent punch to physicians' bottom line in January and gave lawmakers time to come to agreement.
A potential stumbling block, though, is that lawmakers still have not come up with a method to pay for it. With the 0.5 percent increase, the cost for the SGR repeal comes to about $125 billion over 10 years, according to the Congressional Budget Office.
"We must still wrestle with the difficult question of offsets and protecting the most vulnerable seniors from increased out-of-pocket costs," said Rep. Henry Waxman (D-Calif.), ranking member of the committee, in a news release about the proposed legislation.
Despite the financial elephant-in-the-room, reception to the new legislation from physician representatives has largely been positive.
The American Medical Association called the proposed legislation a critical step. "Continuing the cycle of short-term patches by merely addressing the 2014 cut that is imminent on April 1 without solving the underlying problem would be fiscally irresponsible and further undermine the Medicare program," said Ardis Dee Hoven, MD, AMA president, in a statement.
"…we commend Congress for working to fundamentally change the payment system for health care," said Reid Blackwelder, MD, president of the American Academy of Family Physicians, in a statement. "Too much money has been wasted paying for duplicated, unnecessary care that does little to improve a patient's outcome. By establishing alternative payment that supports comprehensive and coordinated care through models such as the patient-centered medical home, this legislation has paved a way for better care and less cost."
While the lawmakers involved in putting forward the proposed SGR repeal have acknowledged there is much work left to do, the clock is ticking on the temporary fix put in place in the December budget deal. That reprieve expires March 31.


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Wing lovers brave wild weather
New restaurant opens to the public
January 28, 2014
BUCKHANNON — Local food lovers braved the bitter cold and shin-deep snow to camp overnight outside of Buffalo Wild Wings for a chance to win a year's supply of free wings Monda....
My god, you really do feel qualified to comment on just about anything don't you? Go volunteer your time with people that need it. Do something useful with yourself.
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We were going but there were two wrecks before we made it off the Beverly 5 lane, so we thought better of it.
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No test, although I'm sure you'd pass on sheer volume. Free speech is not the same as constant speech. Do you ever keep anything to yourself, or is your oral filter clogged?
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What I think? I think you should talk less.
And I have no ******* clue what you're talking about with the 'liberal' crap. This was about chicken wings if I'm not mistaken.
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Now Major, don't you know by now that only liberals can rant and rave about anything and everything? If you don't tow their socialist line, you can't speak, own a gun, have any rights at all. Rights are only for liberals apparently.
They're showing you some of that liberal "tolerance" they keep telling rest of us we must do. LOL. Hypocrites and liars. they have NOTHING because they are nothing!
1 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Liberals; SAY one thing; DO the opposite!
On tolerance; they show NONE. On bullying: they ARE the bullies.
Oh aren't they so cute?? Blah..
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Well I guess at least 100 people will get to eat at least ONE day a week for a year. That's good as Obama's SOTU address Tuesday night showed us he has no new ideas; just same old failed ones to continue playing.
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" only liberals can rant and rave about anything and everything" if that were the case rush Limbaugh would not have a 3 hour show on the radio every day "with half his brain tied behind his back"
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Fox News - Really rich people paying rich people to tell the middle class people, to blame all their problems on the poor people.
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We applaud van der Hooft et al1 in their study, demonstrating that the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) was significantly higher for persons who received a corticosteroid prescription within 1 month before the index date than for those without (odds ratio [OR], 3.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.38-5.87). The fact that only high-dose corticosteroid use was associated with an increased risk (OR, 6.07; 95% CI, 3.90-9.42), whereas low to intermediate dose corticosteroid use was not (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 0.72-2.82), and that the association of AF with high-dose corticosteroid use was largely independent of the indication for corticosteroid therapy suggests that one possible explanation could be the sudden derangement in glucose metabolism resulting in fluctuating levels of glycemic control,2 which occurs with high-dose corticosteroid therapy. Indeed, previous reports have demonstrated that high glucose levels had a positive significant association with the risk of AF.3,4 Nearly a decade ago, Psaty et al,3 using step-wise models, demonstrated that high glucose levels were associated with AF. Of note, the Framingham study found that diabetes mellitus (DM) was a significant independent risk factor for AF with an OR of 1.4 and that blood pressures and glucose levels were more important predictors than the diagnoses of high blood pressure and DM.4 More recently, in a large-scale study involving a far larger number of patients over a long duration of study (10 years), Movahed et al5 showed that AF occurred in 43 674 patients with DM (14.9%) vs 57 077 subjects (10.3%) in the control group (P<.001). Atrial flutter occurred in 11 852 patients (4%) with DM vs 13 554 subjects (2.5%) in the control group (P<.001). In multivariant analysis, DM remained independently associated with atrial fibrillation (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 2.10-2.16; P<.001) and flutter (OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 2.15-2.26; P<.001). Thus, deranged metabolic control resulting in high glucose levels may have to be monitored and aggressively treated with a short course of insulin therapy alongside concurrent high-dose corticosteroid treatment to prevent the occurrence of new-onset AF in such patients.
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Assessor's office being upgraded
ACADIA PARISH - When James "Jimbo" Petitjean took office as Acadia Parish's assessor, one of the things he noticed was how much easier things could be for his constituents.
"I can remember back when people were saying we needed to catch up to the technology of the '90s," he said with a laugh. "Now that we are in 2013 there is so much more technology out there that can make things easier and more accessible for the citizens of Acadia Parish."
On Wednesday, he called The Post-Signal to discuss the improvements on the tax statements that his office mails to the citizens in the different municipalities in Acadia Parish.
The new statements arrive in a much larger envelope — nearly twice the size as the small, blue envelopes that were previously used — and the enclosed statement is broken down in a way that makes things easier for the recipient to understand.
The envelopes are also stamped with the words "Important Tax Document Enclosed." They will also include a return envelope for the recipient to use when mailing in their bill.
In short, it is much easier for residents of Acadia Parish to comprehend the contents of the statements they receive, Petitjean said.
The statements also feature a logo for each town in Acadia Parish which is prominently displayed atop each of the bills.
"This gives each of our municipalities a sense of independence and pride," said Petitjean. "While they are all a part of Acadia Parish, each city and town has its own distinct features that makes each unique."
For example, the city of Church Point's logo shows a horse-drawn buggy passing in front of the city's famed La Pointe de l'Eglise.
However, improving the statements mailed out by the Assessor's office was just one of the improvements that Petitjean wants to make the public aware of.
"We now have all of the bills we send out on a disk," said Petitjean. "If, for some reason, someone loses a copy of their bill, all they have to do is stop by the office and we can print one out for you.
"We also have bar codes on each of our bills that the people in our office can simply swipe to pull up a person's information rather than having to look things up manually," he said. "I promise you the people who work in this office are very happy with this."
Another upgrade that Petitjean mentioned for his office's future will be a computerized mapping system that will update any changes in the parish without requiring a new map designed by a mapping company.
Not only would it make things easier for Acadia Parish residents to get the most up-to-date information, but it would save the Assessor's office the money required for constant map updates.
According to Petitjean, all of the improvements are in keeping with a promise he made while campaigning for the office.
"It's all about transparency," he said. "I don't ever want my constituents thinking that this office is trying to hide anything. And I believe that the best way to show that is to make things more accessible and easier for our citizens to understand."


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When you call a tow truck, things are usually at a low point. If we're going full
cliche, it's usually pouring rain, your heel just broke and you're crazy-late for an
important meeting. But Bill & Sons Towing is a call you'll happily make. In fact, you'll stay on the line for the full 10 episodes of this hilarious – and sometimes surprisingly poignant – web series about a floundering tow truck company run by four bickering brothers. I interviewed co-creator Mark DeAngelis about the project, and here's what he had to say…
Canada Has a FUND for Web Series!?! Canadian TV/Web Writer Barbara Haynes interviews Mark DeAngelis, Co-Creator of Bill & Sons Towing, One of the Select Series to Get Funding from Canada's IPF
When you call a tow truck, things are usually at a low point. If we're going full


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After a journey of 35 days, John Cabot, who was probably born in Genoa, Italy, claims Newfoundland on behalf of England.
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This was our 5th cruise. The Brilliance was spotless. Every inch of the ship was clean. The staff was also adamant that guests use hand sanitizer before & after every meal. We had a cruise ruined a couple years back because of a virus so it was comforting for us to see.
The staff bent over backwards to meet our every need. The staff seemed genuinely happy and our dinner crew had a great sense of humor. They kept us laughing during dinner.
We love to go to karaoke night but we were sorely disappointed in the host and organization for the karaoke. If you like karaoke, don't bother.
The high point of our cruise on the ship was the 70's party in the Centrum, the entertainment on the last night, and believe it or not, a silly party up in the Starquest lounge. We put on headphones and got out on the dance floor with no ambient music playing. What seemed like a stupid game ended up being a blast. With headphones on even shy people like myself can be a rock star and not care about what anybody thinks.
We had an accessible cabin as two out of three in our party have disabilities. The crew was very accommodating. As is usually the case, the shore excursions were more difficult to accommodate but overall everything went well. Unlike other cruises we have been on, all parties that had mobility issues were assigned one room to wait in for disembarkation. That way there were dedicated crew members to help everybody get off the ship. Our assigned crew member took us all the way through customs and to a taxi. Couldn't have been smoother.
I rate this cruise a 9 out of 10. Woulda been a 10 except for the karaoke and a small issue we had with our cabin steward. Overall, one of the best cruises we have been on.


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Self Employed Women's Association
|This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
|Full name
|Self-Employed Women's Association of India
|Key people
|Ela Bhatt, president
|Office location
|Ahmedabad. India
The Self-Employed Women's Association of India (SEWA) is a trade union for poor, self-employed women workers in India. SEWA was founded in 1972 by the noted Gandhian and civil rights leader Dr Ela Bhatt. SEWA's main office is located in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, and it works in several states of India. SEWA had a membership of 966,139 in the year 2008. SEWA members are women who earn a living through their own labour or small business. They do not obtain regular salaried employment with welfare benefits like workers in the organized sector. They are the unprotected labour force of India. Constituting 93% of the labour force, these are workers of the unorganized sector. Of the female labour force in India, more than 94% are in the unorganized sector. However their work is not counted and hence remains invisible. SEWA is strongly supported by the World Bank which holds it out as a model to be replicated elsewhere.[1][2]
|2014 Membership[3]
|West Bengal (Murshidabad only)
|Madhya Pradesh
|Uttar Pradesh
The Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) was founded in 1972,[4] by Gandhian and civil rights leader Dr Ela Bhatt.
SEWA's main goals are to organize women workers for full employment and self-reliance. SEWA aims to mainstream marginalized, poor women in the informal sector and lift them out of their poverty. SEWA has interacted and has been advised by many law firms like HSA.[5]
"Health and child care and insurance is also part of their economic condition. Without that you can't come out of poverty" – Dr Mirai Chatterjee, Director of Social Security, SEWA.[6] SEWA has two stated goals, Full Employment and Self Reliance. They have 11 questions they use to evaluate their progress[3]
- Have more members obtained more employment?
- Has their income increased?
- Have they obtained food and nutrition?
- Has their health been safeguarded?
- Have they obtained child-care?
- Have they obtained or improved their housing?
- Have their assets increased? (e.g. their own savings, land, house, work-space, tools or work, licenses, identity cards, cattled and share in cooperatives; and all in their own name.
- Have the worker's organisational strength increased?
- Has worker's leadership increased?
- Have they become self-reliant both collectively and individually?
- Have they become literate?
SEWA Mahila Housing Trust, founded by Renana Jhabvala among others, created the Karmika School for Construction Workers in 2003 to help train women in the construction trades. Women made up 51 percent of employees in construction trades in India in 2003, but most women in the construction industry had been unskilled laborers. After training at Karmika, according to a 2007 survey of graduates, 40 percent reported working 21–30 days per month as opposed to 26 percent who reported similar work days before training. 30 percent became helpers to masons, and 20 percent became masons themselves. These increases come mostly from small private construction projects, such as housing, but there was very little success placing women in the more profitable public sector infrastructure projects.[7] SEWA's childcare cooperatives in Sangini and Shaishav, have helped more than 400 women get regular work as providers of childcare.[8]
In 1994, members' earnings were Rs 3.9 crores for 32,794 women (about Rs 1200 average). By 1998, members' average earnings had risen to Rs 30.45 crores for 49,398 women (about Rs 6164 average). This is from aggregate numbers including urban and rural workers. Most of this increase occurred in urban areas.[9] SEWA has had more difficulty pushing for higher wages in rural areas, due to the excess supply of labor in those regions, which weakens the bargaining position of women.[9][10] In the construction trades, skilled women workers earn comparable salaries to their male counterparts. Mahila Housing SEWA Trust's Karmika School helps women in the construction trades in India to gain those skills.[7] Providing childcare has led to income increases of 50% in Kheda and Surendranagar.[8]
Food and nutrition[edit]
SEWA's push for food security brought about programs to deliver food grain in Gujarat.[6] The child care centers established by SEWA have acted during natural disasters such as floods and droughts to provide necessary food as well as other emergency supplies and assistance. The two districts of Surendranagar and Patan in particular have 25 childcare centers in their communities which were able to respond to droughts, epidemics, cyclone, floods and the earthquake in 2001 not only with childcare but also food, water, and shelter.[8]
In 1984, SEWA began offering health insurance, which cost their member Rs 85 annually. Health care has become one of their largest projects.[6] Since 1992, Vimo SEWA has provided life and hospitalization insurance for its members and their families for as little as Rs 100 per person. Enrollment topped 130,000 people in 2005[11]
SEWA found that the very poor used this access to health care less than those slightly less poor. Some of the factors include distance to care providers and facilities and the "ex-post reimbursement" nature of health insurance, in which patients must pay upfront and then claim reimbursement. They continue studying the issue of how to bring access to all.[12]
SEWA also has programs to improve water quality by training some of their members to repair pumps for wells and campaigning for underground water tanks for drought prone areas.[6]
In studies in the Kheda and Surendranagar districts before 2006, poor women with access to child care earned 50 percent more. Childcare also encourages going to school for the entire community by improving the view of the value of education, as well as freeing older siblings from childcare responsibility, allowing them to continue their education. It removes social barriers by helping to alleviate the caste distinctions as children of all castes learn and play together. It aids poverty alleviation by allowing mothers to work and earn more. SEWA has childcare cooperatives in Sangini and Shaishav.[8]
As of 1989, SEWA bank had 11,000 members. Nearly 40 percent of their loans were for purchasing or improving housing. One requirement of the borrower was purchasing shares in the bank worth 5 percent of the loan. However, most low-income households do not qualify for loans from the bank and still must seek other options.[13] Also, SEWA has pushed for women to put their names on titles for property, in order to improve women's property rights.[14]
The Shri Mahila Sewa Sahakari Bank, or SEWA bank, was created to help self-employed women gain access to financial resources. It began with 4000 women each contributing Rs 10.[9] The bank encourages saving and has adapted the traditional banking approach to assist the mostly illiterate members, such as issuing ID cards with pictures and fingerprints, since many women cannot sign their name, as well as institute "mobile banks" which visit the rural areas and slums in order to provide banking services, since it is difficult for the women to come to the bank.[9] The bank grew from 6,631 members in 1975 to 20,657 in 1997 and from 1,660,431 working capital to 167,331,000.[9] SEWA Bank formed savings and credit groups in the 1990s. They began lending to rural women and encouraged these women to have their names included on title deeds to the lands purchased.[14]
Workers' Organizational Strength[edit]
The Surendranagar child care cooperative, which is run locally, inspired the creation of the "Women and Children's Development Mandal". It consists of over 20,000 women and provides services such as finance, employment support, housing services, as well as childcare.[8] SEWA's membership in Ahmedabad had grown to 55,000 workers in 1995, far outpacing the membership of the Textile Labour Association, SEWA's original parent organization, in that city.[7] By organizing and collective action, the women of SEWA were able to achieve a voice in the government that did not listen to them individually. They were able to pool small amounts of money to form the SEWA Bank. They were able to draw attention to the unorganized sector of the economy, those who were self-employed or temporary workers without an explicit employer.[15]
Workers' leadership[edit]
In a 2007 survey of Karmika School graduates, 68 percent report more confidence in their work and higher status within the family.[7] SEWA's organization and leaders have directly created or indirectly inspired other organizations within India, in other countries and worldwide, including WIEGO Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing and SEWU Self-Employed Women's Union,[10] Participation in SEWA's programs and their models has increased women's participation in community affairs, reduced domestic violence, and raised their feeling of empowerment overall.[9] SEWA was recognized as a Central trade union in 2009. SEWA assisted in passing India's Act on the Unorganized Sector, which establishes some welfare and social security for non-traditional employees. They continue to work for a better share of social security and the rights of labor standards enjoyed by traditional employees.[15]
According to personal interviews in July 1998, women who have worked with SEWA in their communities feel more confident and gain more respect from the men. They have managed co-operative businesses, in one case in the village of Baldana, better than the men who had managed that same business. The cooperative had been operating at a loss. SEWA helped convert it to women management. The men of the village "forcibly ousted women on renewed profitability. Soon, corruption led to huge losses again and women's and SEWA's intervention."[9]
Many of SEWA's members are illiterate, leading to problems in understanding laws, conducting business and daily life. "We cannot read the bus numbers, often we miss our bus" unnamed SEWA member. In 1992, SEWA began offering literacy classes in May 1992 for Rs 5 per month.[9]
SEWA's sister organizations[edit]
- SEWA Bank
In order to address the problem of lack of access to timely and efficient savings and credit facilities and to free themselves from the vicious cycle of eternal debt, SEWA members devised their own solution: "a bank of their own, where they would be accepted in their own right and not be made to feel inferior". 4,000 women members of SEWA contributed share capital of Rs.10 each to establish the Mahila SEWA Co-operative Bank in May 1974. Currently, SEWA Bank has 125,000 self-employed women depositors and has disbursed loans without the need for traditional collateral, of over Rs.350 million.
- SEWA Academy
SEWA Academy was created in 1991. It is the organizational wing responsible for basic membership education and for capacity building, leadership training, communications and research.
- SEWA Communication
SEWA has also explored several channels to support members in their communication efforts. These include "Anasooya" – SEWA's fortnightly news letter in Gujarati, "Akashganga" – monthly magazine for adolescent girls, "We the Self Employed" - SEWA's electronic newsletter published in English and aims to reach policy makers, programme planners and a wider national and international audience. Video SEWA was established in 1984 as a means to provide training to the members of SEWA and to motivate, mobilize and strengthen the existing membership of SEWA through the use of video recordings and tapes.
- Shri Mahila SEWA Anasooya Trust
"Anasooya" was started in 1982 to provide a forum for presentation of experiences, ideas and viewpoints emerging from SEWA's work. It has completed fourteen years successfully and regular - not missing a single issue. It is published on 6th and 22nd of every month.
- SEWA Research
Credible, scientific based research has been a critical tool in SEWA's advocacy efforts. Through research, SEWA strives to bring its members, the self-employed women, into the mainstream of the world of knowledge. 'Action oriented research' is the corner stone of this intervention and SEWA Academy is the organizational wing responsible for this task.
- Gujarat State Women's SEWA Co-operative Federation Ltd.
From the time of its inception the Federation has concentrated in providing comprehensive training in cooperative education, marketing, management, record keeping, leadership and technical training. It also provides assistance in various areas of cooperative development.
- Vimo SEWA
Is an integrated insurance program aiming to provide social protection for SEWA members to cover their life cycle needs and the various risks they face in their lives, through an insurance organization in which they themselves are users, owners and managers of all services.
- SEWA Housing
In 1994, the Gujarat Mahila Housing SEWA Trust (MHT) was officially registered with the overall objectives of improving the housing and infrastructure conditions of poor women in the informal sector.
- SEWA Trade Facilitation Centre
In response to the demand for creating sustainable livelihood strategies for the poorest of the poor women producers, The SEWA Trade Facilitation Centre (STFC) was established in May 2003 as the commercial arm of SEWA by more than 15000 women artisans in the textiles and handicrafts sector.
- SEWA Manager Ni School
The SEWA Manager's School began in 2005 as a capacity building institution within SEWA with the goal of facilitating economic self-sustainability through building a cadre of grassroots managers.
- SEWA Sanskar Kendra
SEWA Sanskar Kendra (SSK) envisaged as the 'hub' or centre of activity for a cluster of ten to fifteen villages. SSKs were established keeping in mind that the women in the rural communities had requirements of diverse information while they had the least access to information and communication technologies.
ICT revolution has driven numerous initiatives by using new technologies for poverty alleviation and socioeconomic development. SEWA realized the potential of new information technologies in facilitating capacity development, supporting cooperative efforts and reducing vulnerability by increasing access to information, particularly about entitlements and programs. SEWA ICT has enabled poor people, particularly women, living in remote areas to access vital information related to their trade, livelihoods, government schemes including Panchayati Raj (local self-government), seeking and sharing expert opinions on disaster management, management of enterprise, marketing of produce and products. SEWA ICT represented a powerful strategy for overcoming various notions of a 'digital divide' and making the information available to the powerless.
- SEWA Nirman Construction Workers Company Ltd
SEWA NIRMAN generates sustainable livelihood for its members (i.e. the construction workers) by organizing & training semi-skilled workers and free them from exploitation. SEWA NIRMAN works for infrastructure development across the country, focusing on rural development benefiting the construction industry and the entire nation at large.
- SEWA Ecotourism
Vanlaxmi Women Tree Grower's Cooperative initiated by SEWA depicts one of its many achievements in the field of women empowerment and poverty alleviation through sustainable self-employment. This is a case of poor and working landless women's struggle to form and run their eco regenerative activity in the water starved area of Gujarat.
- SEWA Kharaghoda
SEWA has organized around 10,000 salt workers and farmers in Surendranagar and Patan districts of Gujarat. Kharaghoda is situated in Surendranagar, Gujarat.
- SEWA Mahila Shahkari Mandli Ltd
The cooperative completed 22 years of its journey with the support of women. It was started to help paper-picker women. In 1986 the first ever cleaning cooperative was formed with the support of SEWA Federation.
- SEWA Kalakruti
The marketing outlet for member artisans from craft co-operatives is promoted by SEWA. It provides regular employment and helps to preserve traditional skills through cooperative efforts for self-reliance eliminating the middleman. The federation assist the artisans in marketing, helps them in conservation and development of their products. Similarly the federation facilitates vendors and farmers to buy and sell at the Agriculture Producers Marketing Committee eliminating the middle agencies.
- SEWA Bharat
SEWA Bharat is a federation of SEWA member organizations, with the mandate to highlight issues concerning women working in the informal sector, and to strengthen the capacity of the organizations that serve the interests of these women. Presently nine such SEWA member organizations are working in 35 districts of seven states, and together they accounted for a total membership around 12, 00,000.
- HomeNet South Asia
HomeNet South Asia is a network organisation of women homebased workers promoted by UNIFEM and SEWA. It was set up after the Kathmandu Declaration, formulated in an international conference convened in Nepal in year 2000. The formal launching of HomeNet South Asia was held on 17 January 2007, in the Conference "Women Work & Poverty Policy Conference on Home Based Workers of South Asia" which was inaugurated by Prime Minister of India Dr. Manmohan Singh.
- ^ Voices of the Poor: Can Anyone Hear Us, The World Bank, New York, N.Y.: Published for the World Bank, Oxford University Press, 2000
- ^ Gender in Bolivian Production: Reducing Differences in Formality and Productivity of Firms (World Bank Country Study) by World Bank,p. 43.
- ^ a b "SEWA".
- ^ "History". SEWA.
- ^ "Conversation with Hemant Sahai Managing Partner HSA Advocates". http://barandbench.com/. External link in
- ^ a b c d Eaton, Lynn (15 September 2007). "Improving Health through Wealth". British Medical Journal. 335 (7619): 538–539. doi:10.1136/bmj.39282.431100.ad.
- ^ a b c d Baruah, Bipasha (Feb 2010). "Women and Globalisation: Challenges and Opportunities Facing Construction Workers in Contemporary India". Development in Practice. 20 (1): 31–44. doi:10.1080/09614520903436935.
- ^ a b c d e Chatterjee, Mirai (26 August – 1 September 2006). "Decentralised Childcare Services: The SEWA Experience". Economic and Political Weekly. 41 (34): 3660–3664.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Datta, Rekha (Spring 2003). "Development to Empowerment: The Self-Employed Women's Association in India". International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society. 16 (3): 351–368.
- ^ a b Horn, Pat. "Global Interests of Informal Sector Workers under the Spotlight". Agenda (48): 44–50.
- ^ Ranson, M. Kent; Tara Sinha; Saul S Morris; Anne J Mills (Jan–Feb 2006). "CRTs - Cluster Randomized Trials or "Courting Real Troubles": Challenges of Running a CRT in Rural Gujarat, India". Canadian Journal of Public Health. 97 (1): 72–75.
- ^ de Allegri, Manuela; Rainer Sauerborn (23 June 2007). "Community Based Health Insurance in Developing Countries". British Medical Journal. 334: 1282–1283. doi:10.1136/bmj.39240.632963.80.
- ^ Mehta, Meera; Dinesh Mehta (27 April 1991). "Housing Finance System and Urban Poor". Economic and Political Weekly. 26 (17): 1109–1110.
- ^ a b Unni, Jeemol (22–28 May 1999). "Property Rights for Women: Case for Joint Titles to Agricultural Land and Urban Housing". Economic and Political Weekly. 34 (21): 1281–1286.
- ^ a b Nayak, Nalini (January 2013). "Organizing the Unorganized Workers: Lessons from SEWA Experiences". The Indian Journal of Industrial Relations. 48 (3): 402–414.
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Self Employed Women's Association.


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Getting There
How would you like to travel?
The city's airport is connected by flights from major cities of India.
Jammu Tawi is connected by rail with major cities and places in India.
Jammu is connected by good motorable roads to all major places in India.
Jammu is:
Jammu is:
- 243 km from Amritsar
- 436 km from Chandigarh
- 586 km from Delhi
- 428 km from Manali
- 305 km from Srinagar
- 48 km from Katra


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Adventure into Fijian Culture – Amazing Fiji resort, World class diving Fiji & Surfing Fiji
Where tropical rainforest meets the Pacific Ocean nestles a tranquil Boutique Resort, offering an absolute adventure into Fiji's culture combined with worldclass SURFING – DIVING – FISHING and everything else the ocean has to offer. IMAGINE…
The perfect combination of pure relaxation and exhilarating action, Waidroka Bay Resort offers mind-blowing Surfing at Frigates Passage and many other breaks like famous Pipe or Serua Rights, world class Diving at the famous Bega Lagoon & Reef, as well as shark diving, Game- & Sport Fishing, Snorkeling, Kayaking, Rainforest-Trekking and all that is expected of a Fijian oceanfront adventurer paradise.
Famous Fijian hospitality and smiles, a variety of beautiful accommodation, great food, stunning views, exhilarating activities on the highest level and a dream location conveniently located on the main island, Viti Levu, only 2 hours distance from the airport and 20 minutes away from the 'Adventure Capital' of Pacific Harbour – yet totally secluded in the midst of the rainforest on our own private Lagoon. Waidroka Bay Resort is a true haven for those seeking a home away from home combined with an intimate and private boutique experience and atmosphere.
Have you ever dreamed of a vacation that can make you feel the real happiness and exhilarating fun? Visiting one of the islands in Fiji is just perfect. The Beqa Lagoon offers a unique experience, where you can freely commune with different marine species. With a total land area of 36 square kilometers, this tiny island brings enormous activities that you won't ever forget. You can have your first dive here or your initial encounter with the shark that would make your whole experience truly unique. The professional crew and guide offered by the Waidroka resort makes you feel you've achieved a once in a lifetime vacation that you have wished for.The Fiji shark dive is one of the favorites among the professional divers and photographers. If you are planning to experience a 360° fun and adventure of your life, diving with the shark is on top of the list. The resort is nestled at Viti Levu, just two hours from the Nadi airport, which is very accessible to tourists from all over. From years of solid experience, the professional divers, PADI licensed, from Waidroka resort makes you feel safe while providing you with the liberty to challenge yourself into the marine world, through scuba diving. The unequalled shark dive service won't fail you; you will have your first-hand experience to the famous eight groups of sharks.The Fiji resort is unique and highly visited by eager tourists from all over the world. Aside from the adrenalin-pumping shark dive, you can seek to explore the world beneath by looking and taking photos of the tropical fish and their habitat. The colorful hard and soft coral reefs are stunning enough to give the credits that you want. The resort offers more than one tank dives using their well-maintained scuba gears. Your dive allows you to take a snap of the dolphins, the famous sting rays, turtles, etc. all to your heart's delights.Moving on to the next fun-filled activity, you can try the resort's surfing activities. The Waidroka resort is also known as the surf resort in Viti Levu. You can practically surf all year long when you visit the island. From the resort, the trip to the local breaks can only take 10 minutes. Our experience boat drive or surf guide knows that you need from the time you set forth to our resort. We have equipped them with basic necessities all for your safety. Our surf guide is always on onboard to provide you with assistance and to make you comfortable. They bring along water and snacks as well as mobile phone for immediate coordination to the base station.To surf in Fiji means one spine-tingling experience to enthusiasts coming to the island. Professionals wanting to test their skills and coordination with different types of breaks can definitely experience it with the assistance of our surf guide. On the other hand, if you are here just to experience and try to have the lived experience of a surfer, our guide can help you as well. There is nothing to fear when you want to test the waters for as long as our surf guide is there.Whether your intension is to experience diving in Fiji, to surf or simply to stretch up, your arms and feet and have a meaningful vacation, the Waidroka resort is your partner. For the past three years, our resort earned three successive certificate of excellence given by the Tripadvisor an online medium reference that specializes in resort and hotel bookings and reviews. Beginning 2011 up to present, our resort has maintained its excellent ratings to our facilities and services offered to all visitors staying in our resort.To relax and to splurge on vacations once in a while revitalizes you in any form. We, at the Waidroka resort are here to pamper you with all your needs. You can freely surf, max-out your diving experience or simply experience living in our ocean-front bure and enjoy the tranquil nature as you relax.
Ask about Discounts offered leaving surfboards with us at the end of your stay!


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- Montreal 26 blocked shots
- Pens blocked 3.
- 20 shots for the Habs, 5 goals.
- It goes on and on. What a nightmare.
- Crosby and Malkin one goal each. So similar to '96 against the Panthers, it's sickening.
As far as the blog goes, we'll be putting the pieces together on a nice season-recap post.


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Except where noted, MP3's are available at 320 kbps -- plays on iPod® and all MP3 players
Item Description
Weaving intricate patterns around a core of fiddle, melodeon, flute and guitar, The House Band's rich, complex music spans the Celtic nations and beyond. During their 17-year run, the band produced nine albums and toured Europe, North America, Australia, and Africa.
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Neighbors: What's bugging Mach Fukada?
State entomologist fights back against pests — sometimes one fly at a time
June 21, 2013
Mach Fukada's pitcher plants look beautiful, but peer down the shaft of one of the slender, green pipettes and you're likely to see a struggling fly....
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Sky Movies Oscars channel will broadcast the entire Oscars 2014 ceremony live tonight, as it happens - and we will be live blogging throughout.
The 86th annual Academy Awards will air exclusively in the UK on Sky Movies Oscars.
Sky Movies presenter Alex Zane will head up the coverage of the bash alongside a panel of celebrity guests and film experts who will share their predictions and reactions over the course of the evening.
Click here for the latest news, preparation pictures and ceremony build-up ahead of the awards.
Talk show host and comedian Ellen DeGeneres will host the Oscars ceremony for a second time which will celebrate 'movie heroes'.
Director of Sky Movies Ian Lewis: "Sky Movies has been the home of the Oscars for a decade now, and we're delighted that we can continue to offer our customers an exclusive front row seat to the ceremony, as well as the chance to enjoy a great selection of the Academy's most celebrated movies all in one place on Sky Movies Oscars."
The arrivals have started already and umbrellas seem to be the order of the day - catch up on all the latest from the red carpet, where we will be live-streaming the arrivals.
* The Oscars 2014: Red Carpet Live will air from 11.30pm to 1.30am on Sky Movies Oscars and Sky Living, while the 86th Annual Academy Awards will air live exclusively on Sky Movies Oscars from 1.30am until 4am - make sure you join us for the latest news and live coverage as we stay up through the night!
And so, that was the night that was for Hollywood types.
A night that was, rapidly becoming a later night in the US and pretty much morning in the UK, even though it is still dark out.
Nonetheless, it was the night that:
- Jennifer Lawrence did another trip (don't worry, we'll get to the film stuff soon)
- Benedict Cumberbatch gave U2 a thorough, leaping photobombing on the red carpet
- Host Ellen DeGeneres was a little bit - but not a lot - cheeky (watch her opening routine here)
- Pharrell got everyone on their feet - and Lupita Nyong'o, Amy Adams and Meryl Streep came in for some particular dancing attention
- Lots of A-listers ended up eating pizza
- And somehow, among all this, some awards were given out as well, with Gravity doing particularly well
- All the winners are listed below, but click on the links for the winners of best actor, best actress, best supporting actress and best supporting actor
- Plus, 12 Years A Slave won the big one.
What did you make of the night?
Click on the video players below to watch Oscar acceptance speeches from Matthew McConaughey, Cate Blanchett and from those behind best picture winner 12 Years A Slave.
Astronauts keen on Gravity shocker.
For more on the big winner of the night - which scooped seven awards, including best director for Alfonso Cuaron - click on the link.
The #ISS crew congrats the entire #Gravity team for an amazing night @ the #Oscars2014 http://t.co/iyRIZmBbeJ pic.twitter.com/dzvLmSoueK— Cady Coleman (@Astro_Cady) March 3, 2014
What was your verdict on Ellen's presenting efforts?
Those main Oscars 2014 winners again, handily brought together
Performance by an actor in a leading role
Matthew McConaughey for Dallas Buyers Club
Performance by an actress in a leading role
Cate Blanchett for Blue Jasmine
Performance by an actor in a supporting role
Jared Leto for Dallas Buyers Club
Performance by an actress in a supporting role
Lupita Nyong'o for 12 Years A Slave
Achievement in directing
Alfonso Cuaron for Gravity
Best motion picture of the year
12 Years A Slave
Achievement in music written for motion pictures (Original score)
Steven Price for Gravity
Achievement in music written for motion pictures (Original song)
Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez for Let It Go from Frozen
Adapted screenplay
John Ridley for 12 Years A Slave
Original screenplay
Spike Jonze for Her
Those main Oscars 2014 Pharrell dancing highlights, handily brought together
What the 12 Years A Slave winners said:
Brad Pitt: "Thank you for this incredible honour bestowed on our film tonight."
Director Steve McQueen: "I apologise for the paper otherwise I'll bore you all.
"Everyone deserves not just to survive but to live - this is the most important legacy.
"I dedicate this award to everyone who has endured slavery, and the 21 million people who still suffer in slavery today."
He's now telling a story about being his own hero, ten years ahead of time.
It's quite a polished anecdote to keep up with at this time of morning. He's bust out the "alright, alright, alright" too, so if that was your cue - drink, Don't get all Neknominate about it though, don't need any of that.
Well, he did hint that it would feature at some point.
Moving swiftly onto best film, Will Smith announces 12 Years A Slave as the winner and the reaction was so excitable it seems to have thrown my telly's reception out of whack.
And MM has got the best leading actor nod.
He's thanking God quite a lot.
"That's who I look up to. He has graced my life with opportunities that I know are not of my hand or any human hand.
"It's a scientific fact that gratitude reciprocates," he adds.
"Sit down, you're too old to be standing!" Cate tells the luvvies in attendance before saying a few words about her fellow nominees.
Joking with Julia Roberts to "hashtag suckit", Cate got a huge reaction for insisting that audiences want to see films with female characters at the centre, and that they "make money".
She also gave special thanks to Woody Allen, which got a polite, if muted applause.
J-Law on to present the big boys' prize now. You've already done the obligatory "oh she didn't trip" gag in your head, so we'll leave it unsaid.
Cuaron praised Sandra Bullock for being the "soul and heart" of the film and "one of the best people I have ever met".
Meanwhile, Ellen is still tweeting out her selfies.
#Besties #Oscars2014 pic.twitter.com/gpg9PX5i2H— Ellen DeGeneres (@TheEllenShow) March 3, 2014
Best actress is next - Cate Blanchett all the way.
But can Chiwetel Ejiofor pip MM to the best actor post?
Click on the video player below to watch the In Memoriam tribute.
Moving on with the awards, John Ridley wins best adapted screenplay for 12 Years A Slave and Spike Jonze gets the surprise win for best original screenplay - bad night for American Hustle.
Angelina Jolie and a frail Sidney Poitier are on hand to announce best director... and it goes to Alfonso Cuaron. 12 Years A Slave's Steve McQueen misses out.
Jamie Foxx sort of beatboxing the Chariots of Fire theme is a pretty neat way into best original score, which goes to Gravity. Nottingham composer Steven Price marks up a win in the British are coming column.
Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez win the best original song gong, beating everyone else that performed tonight. Bono looked looked mildly ambushed as a camera swooped in for a close up.
Emotional pair Kristen and Robert now have the Emmy, Tony, Grammy and Oscar sweep. Liza Minelli's done that before, n'all.
Big awards on the way...
There you go, Ellen's selfie went and broke Twitter, as well as our computers.
Think Goldie Hawn would always be my first choice to summarise the plots, themes and emotional reactions to viewing Philomena, Captain Phillips and 12 Years A Slave, too.
I'm just glad I associate her with Bird on a Wire.
John Travolta's hair is like a bad artist's impression of hair. And not even a bad artist's impression of John Travolta's hair. And bad artist's impression by a bad artist of something that might or might not be hair.
And that's all we could think about until it looked like Idina Menzel's vocal cords may actual come up and fly out, such was the straining of her rendition of Frozen's Let It Go. And yes, of course we had to Gioogle all the pertinent details there.
Glenn Close introduced the In Memoriam segment, with Phillip Seymour Hoffman's the final image shown before Bette Midler sings The Wind Beneath My Wings.
There's a standing ovation for her first ever Academy Awards appearance, and then a brief look of being overwhelmed and then a break.
I just wish I didn't associate her with Hocus Pocus.
OSCAR PIZZA! #Oscars pic.twitter.com/TPbLHwvR4T— Kristen Bell (@IMKristenBell) March 3, 2014
Lady Gaga has just swanned in. She has about eight body guards.— clemmie moodie (@clemmiemoodie) March 3, 2014
Bit of a technical hiccup there with the techno-business.
Gravity won best sound mixing and sound editing since we've been away - quite rightly, and no surprise that it is sweeping these technical awards.
Was backing Sally Hawkins for best supporting actress, and 59% of Mirror TV readers went with J-Law - but it was Lupita that bagged the win.
Describing her time on the film as "the joy of her life," Lupita added: "No matter where you're from, your dreams are valid."
Quite the surprise result really, but a worthy winner.
Ellen's back with a follow up to the pizza gag. Many laughs are to be had, somewhere, I'm sure.
I don't need to see Martin Scorsese try to balance a paper plate with a pizza slice, though. Takes a little bit of sheen off. Although I could go for a pepperoni myself at this time of morning.
"Baby, you look like a 146 million domestic," quips Bill Murray to Amy Adams, proving that Bill Murray's way is always the best way.
"Oh, we forgot one. Harold Ramis for Caddyshack, Ghostbusters and Groundhog Day," Bill adds, giving a prolonged look into the camera, as he announced the contenders for Best Cinematography. Ramis died last week. Emmanuel Lubezki won for Gravity.
Alfonso Cuarón and Mark Sanger win best editing for Gravity, too.
Whoopi Goldberg has her ruby slippers on to introduce Pink's musical tribute to The Wizard of Oz, marking the classic film's 75th anniversary.
Liza Minelli and Lorna Luft got a shout out too, for being the children of icon Judy Garland, in a segment that wasn't anywhere near as camp as its constituent elements would suggest.
More sober still, Benny C teams up with Jennifer Garner to present The Great Gatsby with the Oscar for best production design. All make sense these wins, don't they?
Boom. Celebrity selfie game over.
If only Bradley's arm was longer. Best photo ever. #oscars pic.twitter.com/C9U5NOtGap— Ellen DeGeneres (@TheEllenShow) March 3, 2014
Oh Christ, this selfie madness is going to last for months, months.
Call off the rest of the show, the entire Mirror Online team is going to be scrambled to deal with Twitter blowing up. And that would have happened with Cumberbatch alone.
Okay Ellen, sorry for challenging you. You got it.
#epicselfie trending any moment now, and forever.
Some people out there on Twitter making links to THE EDGE and a trim-looking, soulful Ricky Gervais. Just reporting the Twitter facts.
With an hour and a bit, let's examine where we're at: it's happening. And that's what we can definitely say.
Also, let's call it - Ellen's act is pretty poor. Not much entertainment value, weakly undercuts Hollywood grandeur and goes nowhere with it - it doesn't click on any level.
Bruce Dern dressed as Spiderman descending from the upper circle on a zipwire please, let's get this superheroes gig going.
Did you know we have a TV & film page on Facebook? Check us out here.
- This article was originally published on February 28


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Yep. It's going to be a hot one
By Steve Herring
Published in News on June 29, 2012 1:46 PM
The National Weather Service has issued a heat advisory for today and an excessive heat warning for 6 a.m. Saturday until 11 p.m. Sunday for central North Carolina, including Wayne County, where dangerously hot conditions are expected. Temperatures are forecast...
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Today's Deals
We have 1451 more deals currently active in our Deals section. Click here to view them now.
eSaleRugs Sale: Extra 50% off, 10% off 2 or more + free shipping
eSaleRugs takes an extra 50% off all rugs sitewide. (Prices are as marked.) Plus, buy two or more rugs and get an additional 10% off. With free shipping, that ties our mention from last week as the best extra percent-off discount we've seen at eSaleRugs. A couple of best bets:
- 49" x 81" Kurdish Berber Persian Rug (pictured) for $689
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