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The Sad Reality Of Women-Owned Businesses (Video)
We have a lot of untapped human capital and potential in women in this country and we need to do more to encourage that.
By Angie Chang (Co-Founder & Editor-in-Chief, Women 2.0)
Senior Research Fellow Alicia Robb spells out the unfortunate reality of women-led businesses today in the latest animated Sketchbook video produced by the Kauffman Foundation.
She points out that a "sad truth is that women are not making as much progress as a lot of statistics that you see out there would lead you to believe," explaining:
"You hear a lot about the number of women-owned businesses growing faster than firms overall.
But that's just a reflection of a lower base and


text: (Talbott emphasizes US support for strengthening Pakistani economy) (400) Islamabad, Pakistan -- The United States and Pakistan issued a joint statement following Deputy Secretary of State Strobe Talbott's meetings with Pakistan's Foreign Secretary, Shamshad Ahmad, February 2. Talbott emphasized US support for strengthening of the Pakistani economy and for the current talks between Pakistan and India on matters including Kashmir, the statement said. Following is the text of the joint statement: (Begin text) Visit of Deputy Secretary of State Strobe Talbott JOINT STATEMENT Islamabad, February 2, 1999 The eighth round of Pakistan-U.S. dialogue on South Asian security and non-proliferation was held on February 1-2, 1999. The respective delegations were led by the Pakistan Foreign Secretary, Mr. Shamshad Ahmad, and the U.S. Deputy Secretary of State, Mr. Strobe Talbott. The talks were held in a positive and constructive atmosphere. Mr. Strobe Talbott also called on the Prime Minister and the Foreign Minister. It was recalled that this round of talks was held following Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif's visit to Washington last December which had resulted in a reaffirmation of a desire by Pakistan and the U.S. to build a strong broad-based relationship. In this context, Deputy Secretary of State Talbott emphasized the continued U.S. support to strengthen Pakistan's economy and the improvement of the climate for larger trade and investment. Pakistan expressed appreciation for the positive support extended by the United States for the IMF and World Bank assistance packages for Pakistan. The security situation in South Asia was reviewed particularly in the context of the agenda of the talks. Both sides shared the view that they should make further efforts for the promotion of durable peace and stability in the region. The U.S. expressed its strong support for the current talks between Pakistan and India, including on Kashmir. Pakistan urged the U.S. to play a more active role towards the solution of the Kashmir dispute. The two sides considered further steps to advance the objectives of the Pakistan-U.S. dialogue. They agreed to hold further expert level meetings on export controls and strategic restraint in March/April. The two sides agreed to remain in close touch during the negotiations of FMCT (Fissile Materials Cut-off Treaty) in the Conference on Disarmament. Pakistan reiterated its position on the CTBT (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty) as enunciated by Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in his address to the UNGA (United Nations General Assembly). The two sides reaffirmed their commitment to further strengthen Pakistan U.S. relations. The next round of the dialogue will be held before the middle of the year, with the dates and venue to be determined in consultation between the two sides. (End text)

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To help motivate and prepare students for the STARR test, canutillo elementary school had students compete in a tug of war contest against STARR test villains. Some of the students told us they were nervous at first but had fun. They also said after today's events they are ready to take on the test.
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Trauma Center: New Blood Review
New Blood is incredibly difficult and frustrating in places, but it's still a recommended purchase if the idea of carving up skin, lasering tumours and drawing five-point stars floats your boat.
"It's the pump unit you implanted in my pancreas seven years ago..."
So says Elena Salazar, the 20-year-old nurse who also happens to be a former patient of Dr. Vaughn, the super-powered surgeon at the remote Montgomery Memorial Hospital in Alaska, a country described by Trauma Center New Blood, the latest in the Atlus-developed video game operation sim series, as "the frigid northern extremity of America". Days of our Lives, eat your heart out.
New Blood is absolutely hilarious, fiendishly difficult and, somehow, hideously addictive. The characters, the dialogue, the sexual innuendo, the wonderful cliff hangers, "...except the patient... is me...", the entire game is impossible to take seriously, which is an incredible contradiction, since the actual gameplay on offer deals with some of the most sombre themes of any game series around. You're a surgeon, saving people's lives, cutting out tumours, repairing broken bones, pulling bullets out of hearts, replacing little girls' pacemakers, it's all incredibly grim, and yet funny. Trauma Center truly is one of the weirdest games on the planet, and quintessentially Japanese.
As in the first Trauma Center title on the Wii, Second Opinion, New Blood challenges you to use the Wii Remote and Nunchuck as if your hands to guide various surgical tools, selected using a radial system and the Nunchuck thumb stick, during insanely difficult operations and save patients' lives before their vital signs flatline.
In between operations a fully fleshed out, and quite silly story plays out, told through full voice over and still cartoon images of the characters. Set seven years after the events of DS game Trauma Center: Under the Knife 2, which hasn't been released in Europe, New Blood follows the story of doctors Markus Vaughn and Valerie Blaylock, two world-class surgeons (you're able to pick which one you want to play as during each operation) who share the same astonishing surgical technique known as the "Healing Touch". For Markus, this triggers Slow Time, allowing him to cope with multiple problems easier. Val gets Anesthesia, which temporarily stabilises the patient's vitals. Healing Touch is kind of like a mystical super power brought about through spiritual meditation, although Val learns it through a different process: "It wasn't the technique that was important for the Healing Touch; it was the opening of my heart." But to trigger it you need to perform the same action for both: draw a five-point star. The two docs begin the game in a remote hospital in Alaska, but eventually return to Concordia Medical Institute in sunny Los Angeles and combat a mysterious disease called Stigma. Quite brilliantly, the plot, which is full of dramatic twists and turns, evolves into part sci-fi thriller part daytime soap. Imagine The Andromeda Strain spliced with Dallas.
Gameplay wise, the headline new feature is the implementation of a fun cooperative mode. Here, a second player can use a second Wii Remote/Nunchuck pair and assist in the operation, which, you quickly discover, is absolutely essential for success, especially on the medium difficulty and above. That's because New Blood, like its predecessor, its brutally difficult, right from the off.


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As the mother of a 12-year-old special-needs child, the words sicken me, making me nauseous and fearful for the future, as my own son prepares to face the potential bullies waiting for him in the hallways of his junior high next year and high school after that.
Well-meaning individuals will hear about bullying and say things like "Children can be so cruel" or "I remember being picked on in school!"
Sure. They can talk about it, because they can talk. My sixth-grader is still working out how to process the words "who," "what," "why," "when," "where" and "how."
Most people managed to overcome the bullying they encountered in school because they learned to navigate the murky waters of socialization, eventually seeking out their own simpatico island of friends. Oh, the neurologically typical. They are the lucky ones.
At the age of 4, my son was diagnosed with high-functioning autism, which means that in addition to a host of neurological issues, he is developmentally delayed.
Right now, his neuro-typical peers are preoccupied with the onset of puberty and the fascinating world that entails. They listen to pop music on their iPods, talk to their friends on their cell phones and follow the constant media coverage of their idols, the Jonas Brothers or Miley Cyrus. Young teens on the brink of adulthood.
My boy? He still watches Veggie Tales, Big Comfy Couch and Barney (yes, the big purple dinosaur who went into VHS extinction years ago).
Back in the third grade, my son's special-education teacher begged us to push him into "big boy"
activities and interests, but my little guy (both in stature and development) would have none of it.
With his mind and emotions still a solid four years behind everybody else's, it's difficult to force that square peg into a socially acceptable round hole.
Over the years, through various forms of therapy and training, we've pushed, prodded and pulled my son into the real world the best we could.
With tremendous effort we finally managed toileting, eating and rudimentary social skills (eye contact, pleasant verbal exchanges upon introduction and not throwing chairs at the people who upset you).
Despite our hard work to make him fit in, we know he never will. If history has shown us that neurologically typical kids have trouble negotiating the popular kids, the jocks and the smart kids, how in heaven's name do we expect the special-needs gang to do it?
Perhaps we work a little harder to teach our children the simple rules of civility and not just the virtues of friendship, hard work, honesty and responsibility (which are still vital to being a well-rounded and decent member of society).
But good old-fashioned civility. Remember that? Being kind to one another?
The Golden Rule, my grandpa Andy used to call it. Treating others as you would choose to be treated and the whole concept of what it is to walk a mile in another man's moccasins.
Everyone loves to send around the e-mail about the special-needs boy whose teammates cheered him on as he ran the bases to a home run, and it is a glorious moment when the real world allows these kids their chance at bat.
But in the everyday game of life, special-needs kids don't always have that golden moment to be seen as heroes. Sometimes they leave the public bathroom and forget to zip their pants, or maybe they have toilet paper stuck to the bottom of their shoe.
Someone needs to gently point out that the developmentally delayed need your help and kindness.
Sometimes a kid with awkward social skills will run up to a pretty girl and tell her he loves her or hug her.
It's not on purpose that he embarrasses her in front of her friends, making her feel all weird and uncomfortable.
But if somebody helpfully points out that next time he should just wave hello, or that it might be okay to ask permission for a hug, the situation could be avoided in the future.
Social skills classes are good, but practices put into effect in the real world make a lasting impression on special-needs children and the children they interact with.
In the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical "South Pacific" there is a song called "You've Got to Be Carefully Taught." It explains that hate and fear of people who are different are not necessarily inherent; they are things you learn.
By the same token, one needs to be taught the tenets of love and tolerance. Conversations with children around the dinner table or driving in a car (when I find I have my own children's rapt attention) should include lessons in the humane treatment of our fellow man, whether he looks like us, sounds like us or is differently-abled than us.
It is my wish that the loss of life of the young man who could not tolerate the bullying any longer is not in vain.
His story should serve as a lesson for us all: to teach our children well. The deep pain he felt, but could not express, should open our hearts and our mouths to carefully teach our children the practice of compassion, understanding and maybe even acceptance of he or she who is different.
Thresa Katz is a resident of Canyon Country. Her column reflects her own views, not necessarily those of The Signal.


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New Lessons
Fibonacci Sequence
Count Down
* Daisies can have 34, 55, or 89 petals.
* Each twist of the DNA double helix is 34 angstroms long by 21 angstroms wide.
Fibonacci Sequence
Count Down
* Daisies can have 34, 55, or 89 petals.
* Each twist of the DNA double helix is 34 angstroms long by 21 angstroms wide.
* The human hand has 5 fingers, with 3 parts and 2 knuckles each.
Common Denominator
What do daisies, DNA, and hands have in common? Answer--the Fibonacci Sequence, which is a series of numbers discovered by Leonardo Fibonacci in 1202. Here's how it works: Start with the numbers 0 and 1. To calculate the next number in the series, add together the two numbers before it. You'll get 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, and so on.
As the numbers in the Fibonacci Sequence get larger, the ratio between consecutive numbers (which is a number in the series divided by the previous number) approaches 1.618, what mathematicians call the Golden Ratio. When the Golden Ratio exists between a rectangle's length and width, that rectangle is called a Golden Rectangle.
Mathematicians discovered Fibonacci numbers and Golden Rectangles throughout nature. For example, most flowers have a Fibonacci number of petals and leaves. Lilies have 3 petals, buttercups have 5, and sunflowers have 34--all Fibonacci numbers. In addition, the human head fits into a Golden Rectangle with the eyes in the center.
Since the Golden Rectangle is a particularly pleasing shape, it's not surprising that artists and musicians want to capture nature's beautiful pattern in their work. For example, Leonardo da Vinci painted the "Mona Lisa" so that her face fits perfectly into a Golden Rectangle. So does her body from the top of her head to her folded arms.
Fibonacci numbers fill pianos, too. Musical scales use 13 keys, 8 of which are white, and 5 black. Black keys are divided into groups of 2 and 3. If you look closely enough, you'll find the Fibonacci Sequence everywhere--in nature, art, music, and Judaism.
Biblical Beauties
If scientists have found the Golden Ratio embedded in the world's most beautiful creations, then it's not surprising that the Divine Proportion (as the Golden Ratio is sometimes called) has been found in the Torah, God's blueprint for creation. For example, God commanded Noah to build the teyvah, ark 300 cubits long, 50 cubits wide, and 30 cubits high (Bereishit 6:15). The difference between the Golden Ratio (1.618) and the ratio between the teyvah's width and its height (1.666) is not visible to the naked eye.
Furthermore, according to God's command in Shemot 25:10, the ratio between the length and width of the Nora8 (aron, Ark of the Covenant) was also 1.666. Are these findings merely a fascinating coincidence? No. Science teaches us to systematically investigate the underlying harmony in the world, and Judaism teaches us how to praise the Architect of that harmony. "How great are Your works, God; You make them all with wisdom" (Psalms 104:24).
Biotech Food
Imagine a spider biting a high school student and transferring spectacular, spider-like powers to the unsuspecting teen. This famous plot device is not so far-fetched today.
Biotech Food
Imagine a spider biting a high school student and transferring spectacular, spider-like powers to the unsuspecting teen. This famous plot device is not so far-fetched today. Although scientists won't be creating Spider-Man anytime soon, they are breaking the natural boundaries that exist between species and creating new plants and animals that exhibit extraordinary traits. For example, genes from salmon can be spliced into tomatoes to make them more resistant to cold weather. "Biotechnology is one of tomorrow's tools in our hands today," say executives at Monsanto, a corporation that believes genetically modified organisms (GMOs) benefit humanity. But critics of GMOs caution that public safety and ethical concerns override the potential benefits. "Swapping genes between organisms can produce unknown toxic effects and allergies," says Dr. Vyvyan Howard, an expert in infant development.
Supporters claim that genetically modified food will save billions of people from starvation because seeds can be engineered to produce more abundant and nutritious food and to create disease-resistant crops. As proof of the benefits, GMO backers describe a new species of corn engineered to resist the European corn borer. This insect destroys 7 percent of the world's corn crop each year, an amount that could feed 60 million people. According to Anthony Trewavas, a leading researcher on GMOs, continued development of GMOs "is a matter of life and death."
Opponents call GMOs "Frankenfoods," a label they hope will raise ethical concerns about human beings tampering with the natural order of life; after all, Frankenstein turned against his creator. Might the same thing happen with GMOs, which, like Frankenstein, are entirely man-made and never would have appeared in nature? Nobel Prize winner Dr. George Wald expressed this fear when he warned that restructuring nature "may be not only unwise, but dangerous."
Until independent, long-term studies determine that GMOs are safe for humans and the environment, critics demand that America join the coalition of 30 countries, including Japan and many European nations, that has banned GMO crops. "Most ill effects from food and allergies are not easily quantified until after the disaster," says Professor Joe Cummins of the University of Western Ontario.
Judaism places some limits on our ability to tinker with nature. The Torah prohibits mating of animals from different species and grafting of different species of trees (Vayikra 19:19). However, Judaism places no parallel limits on genetic engineering, meaning that we have the right to do so whenever our efforts will improve the world rather than damage it.
Because GMOs have the potential to create a more abundant food supply for the benefit of starving people, most rabbinic authorities permit genetic engineering. While the critics point out the risk of unknown harm, these authorities believe that the known benefits of GMOs outweigh potential dangers that are not identifiable now.
Judaism's view of GMOs is consistent with our tradition's overall view of our responsibility as God's partners and as guardians of the Earth for the coming generations: "Be careful not to spoil or destroy My world, for if you do, there will be nobody after you to repair it" (Kohelet Rabbah 7:28).
Do you agree that the benefits of GMOs outweigh the risks? Do you think genetically modified foods sold in stores should be labeled?
A Hanukkah Ceremony for the Family
This creative ceremony begins with lighting the hanukkiyah and saying the appropriate blessings, but it doesn't end there.
A Hanukkah Ceremony for the Family
This creative ceremony begins with lighting the hanukkiyah and saying the appropriate blessings, but it doesn't end there. Students will learn what Jewish life was like during the time of the Maccabees and consider how difficult it can be to belong to a minority. This ceremony looks at the importance of community and the strength of heroes who stood up for their beliefs even in times of great pressure and inspired others to take action. This special lesson contains ideas to help enrich the Hanukkah Ceremony for the Family.
The Choice of a Lifetime
Choosing Sobriety
The Choice of a Lifetime
Choosing Sobriety
After her boss fired her and her parents kicked her out of their house, Rachel Cohen (not her real name) fled to a friend's apartment. But it wasn't long before that situation soured, and she was forced to leave. Rachel's last stop in her steep, personal decline was sharing a house with people smoking heroin.
"That's when I realized that if I stayed there," Rachel, now 17, recalls, "this is where my life would be going."
The road to rehabilitation proved long and arduous for Rachel, who discovered marijuana the summer before she entered seventh grade. When she began to smoke regularly, her life started unraveling.
"It was like a disease," she notes. "Drugs overcame my entire being. I didn't show up to my sister's birthday party because I was too busy getting high. I stopped going to school, and I was so high that I couldn't stay awake the few times I did go. I dropped 65 pounds in six months. I was depressed, anxious, and I couldn't sleep."
Rachel found valuable help through Jewish Alcoholics, Chemically Dependent Persons, and Significant Others (JACS), a program of the Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services in New York. "It was about changing my entire life," she explains. "I had to get new friends, hang out in new places, and do new things.
Today, Rachel has restored ties with her family, is enrolled in college, and hopes to visit Israel for the first time. "Today, I have so many opportunities because I stopped taking drugs," she notes. "My life was so limited back then. I was paralyzed by my addiction. Today I'm free."
What can she tell kids who feel they can never change their bad habits? "I'd probably tell them the same thing that people told me," Rachel responds. "They do have beh.irah. They do have a choice."
Choosing Judaism
Natan Gamedze, crown prince and heir to the throne of Swaziland-a small kingdom that borders South Africa and Mozambique-remembers the instant he felt drawn to Judaism: He had signed up for a Hebrew course in university and began studying the Biblical passage of the binding of Yitzchak.
"It was like opening an inner dimension,"he recalls. "I felt it was telling me something about myself."
"Fluent in 13 languages, Natan understood the nuances of the spoken word; yet Hebrew touched him like no other foreign language had. After receiving a full scholarship to Hebrew University, the African prince left his country for Israel."
"I began to discover the beauty of Judaism," he says. "But it was frustrating. I couldn't understand why someone like me, who wasn't Jewish, had such a thirst and love for Judaism."
To escape his growing attachment to Judaism, he decided to visit Rome, the center of his Catholic faith. Surprisingly, he felt an urge to recite the Shema in his hotel room near St. Peter's Basilica. "To this day," he says, "I can't explain what happened there. It was a frightening and powerful experience."
Later, Natan sat down to breakfast but discovered he could not eat. He checked his calendar and discovered that it was Yom Kippur. At that moment, he decided to convert to Judaism.
"I knew the road was going to be extremely difficult," he admits. "Wherever I'd go in the Jewish community, I'd stick out like a sore thumb. But I was confident I was doing the right thing."
Despite their initial shock, Natan's parents supported his decision. "I was brought up in a home that emphasized independent thinking and self-reliance," he explains. "My choice was an outgrowth of this upbringing. How could they oppose it?"
Today, Natan is a rabbi in Israel, where he lives with his wife and two children. He understands his conversion as a way to spread God's glory. "For many people," he explains, "seeing a black Orthodox rabbi hits a chord. It opens people's eyes to the universality of Judaism."
Two Sides of the Story
One Side of the Story
Two Sides of the Story
One Side of the Story
As the band played, my cousin David teetered precariously on a synagogue chair lifted high above the happy, proud faces of his bar mitzvah guests.
Alternating between euphoria and terror, David clutched the sides of the chair, willing himself to be brave, and smiled broadly; after all, this was his day. He had worked all year to recite his Torah portion flawlessly, and now he could celebrate.
The room appeared to be well-prepared for such a celebration: The tables were bedecked with fine china and festive balloon centerpieces, and the band kept people on their toes. Yet I couldn't help but notice that one important element was noticeably absent: No photographer snapped pictures of this memorable event.
Confused, I wondered how someone with such a significant role could not be here. Yet when David gave his speech, not one bulb flashed. He called up his relatives to kindle his birthday candles, danced with his friends and family, lost playing limbo, and even kissed his older sister--something he hadn't done since he was a baby. No photographer captured these moments on film.
Dessert was being served when a burly man, wearing shorts and T-shirt and clutching a camera, burst through the doors of the hall. A guest directed him towards David, where he began to rapidly snap pictures, all the while calling, "Give me a smile, bar mitzvah boy!" Sweating profusely, he endeavored to gather the guests at their tables for group photos, although some had already gone home. Running from one table to another, he snapped roll after roll of film.
Appalling, I thought. What kind of a photographer has the audacity to arrive late at a bar mitzvah, and not even dressed properly? How many precious memories would be forgotten because he hadn't taken the pictures in time? What possible excuse could justify such irresponsible behavior?
I would be sure to find out his name before I left. At least I could warn my friends never to hire him for any of their important events.
The Other Side of the Story
Sundays without weddings or b'nei mitzvah are rare in my profession, but I was looking forward to a quiet afternoon taking care of business at my studio. I was examining photo proofs when the phone's ring startled me. Now, who would be calling on a Sunday? I thought.
I'm not sure why I answered the phone; perhaps I thought it was my wife, or perhaps I just wanted it to stop ringing. But the voice on the other end of the line turned my relaxing Sunday upside-down.
"True You Photography."
"Hello? Oh, thank goodness someone is there!
We're having a crisis here, and we need you to come down immediately..."
"Whoa," I said. "Slow down. What are you talking about?"
The woman drew a deep breath. "I'm at Beth Emet, not far from your studio. My friend's son David is having his bar mitzvah party today, and the photographer never showed up! All the relatives and friends are here, and we won't have any pictures! Can you possibly help us?"
I considered the unusual request. "What time does the bar mitzvah start?"
"It already started," she replied, her voice catching, "almost two hours ago."
I thought of this 13-year-old kid one day explaining to his grandchildren why he had no pictures of his bar mitzvah. Not if I can help it, I decided.
"I'll be right there," I said, and hung up the phone.
I left the photo proofs on the table, grabbed my car keys, and headed out the door. I certainly wasn't dressed for the occasion, but I didn't want to waste more time by going home to change.
On the way to the synagogue, I planned my strategy: I would take as many pictures as I could, as well as I could. As I entered the hall, I thought of the quiet Sunday I had looked forward to, but took solace from knowing that I had definitely done the right thing.
And besides, I thought hopefully, good deeds can help bring good business.
Jewishful Thinking
He never replied to your e-mail.
She ignored you in class.
He invited your friend to the movie, but not you.
She pushed ahead of you in line.
WE'VE ALL MET THEM — the people who are thoughtless, inconsiderate, and stuck-up — or have we?
Perhaps your e-mail was zapped by an overzealous spam-blocker.
Maybe she had a fight with another friend this morning and she's consumed by the thought of it.
It's possible he thought you'd seen the movie already.
Maybe she has low blood sugar and needs to eat immediately.
SOUNDS IMPROBABLE? It happens all the time. For this reason, our sages cautioned us: Hevay dan et kol ha'adam l'khaf z'khut, Judge everyone favorably, Pirkei Avot 1:6. So the next time a person behaves strangely, look beyond the way things appear. There may be another side to the story.
Ed Theory: Scaffolding
When you scaffold, you increase learning and retention and you differentiate instruction. Read how in this post.
Ed Theory: Scaffolding
When you scaffold, you increase learning and retention and you differentiate instruction. Read how in this post.


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Look "jacked" "ripped" "cut" is always a matter of two things: Muscle and Body fat. The more Muscle and less Body Fat, then more "jacked" you look. The end, no magic, no toning, no vibrating waist belts.
Low(er) body fat = Diet (Hey look Primal!)
More Muscle=more strength=move heavy things=Lift Weights (More Primal)
There is more than one way to defur a feline; but lift weights, eat right and get enough rest is about as proven as the Theory of Gravity.


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All public logs
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Strange - and endlessly documented
Doors movie draws on huge film archive
You could make a pretty good case for the Doors being the first 24-hour news cycle rock group - 20 years before there was a 24-hour news cycle.
The documentary "When You're Strange: A Film About the Doors," getting a theatrical run here after it aired this week under PBS' "American Masters" label, gives an inside look at one of the most iconic pop acts of the late 1960s and early '70s.
"Inside" is actually an understatement.
The movie is built entirely from original footage - thankfully, no talking heads explaining the Doors' "significance" or hangers-on flashing back on the "scene" - and the sheer tonnage of that footage is remarkable. If you're a fan, you've seen some of these clips, but many of them have never been shown before. After seeing it, it's hard to imagine that there's a moment of the Doors' 54-month existence that wasn't documented on film.
"When You're Strange" is a Doors movie, which means it's a Jim Morrison movie. At first so shy onstage that he faced the band instead of the audience, Morrison quickly blossomed into one of rock's most compelling and controversial frontmen, simultaneously in complete control of his public persona and powerless to contain it.
While the movie doesn't sugarcoat Morrison's personal demons - freewheeling narcissism and debilitating substance-abuse problems, mostly involving alcohol - "When You're Strange" is persistently worshipful of him and the band's jazz- and primal-scream-fueled music. Toward that end, Johnny Depp's heartfelt narration suits writer-director Tom DiCillo's purposes just fine.
The tonic for that tone is the Doors' music. Even the group's contrived rock-shamanism doesn't get in the way of such powerhouse songs as "L.A. Woman," "Light My Fire" and "When the Music's Over."
And when "When You're Strange" delves into the development of those songs, it yields a fresh take on some familiar sounds.
The Doors weren't the embodiment of their time; they weren't even the most important rock act of their time. But "When You're Strange" shows why their music and iconography has lasted beyond their time.
And not just because they got it all down on film.
When You're Strange: A Film About the Doors ** 1/2
Behind the scenes: Produced by Dick Wolf and Peter Jankowski. Written and directed by Tom DiCillo.
Rated: R; some nudity, sex, drugs and alcohol use, language
Approximate running time: 90 minutes
Showing: at Times Cinema, 5906 W. Vliet St., at 9 p.m. Friday; 4 and 9 p.m. Saturday-Sunday; and 9 p.m. Monday-Wednesday
How much: $5


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Lab Meetings: Neurolinguistics Lab meetings are held weekly.
Contact firstname.lastname@example.com to find out the current times.
Mission Statement
The Neurolinguistics Laboratory has as its goal to understand the organization and processing of language in the adult brain. Particular foci of interest are:
the language changes associated with aphasia
the way agrammatism manifests differently, and similarly, across languages
the language changes of healthy aging and dementia
the way languages are organized in, and utilized by, the brain of the bilingual or polyglot
how dyslexics (monolingual or bilingual) succeed in learning to read
why dyslexics have difficulty learning a 'foreign' language
Current Research
Ongoing research in the Neurolinguistics Lab includes projects on cognitive underpinnings of dyslexia, brain resources available for language performance in older adults, agrammatism in Spanish-speakers, Heritage-language Haitian-Creole speakers, lexical retrieval in discourse in older adults, sentence comprehension in older adults (as it links to brain regions available, underlying executive functions, different syntactic structures, eye-tracking).
Research with colleagues in other labs includes these topics in conjunction with the NIH-funded Language in the Aging Brain Lab at the Boston VA Healthcare System where Prof. Obler is co-PI with Martin Albert, with Mira Goral on recovery from multilingual aphasia and, with Klara Marton, on executive function underpinnings of comprehension. As well, Prof. Obler has been working with Roelien Bastiaanse and Tom Abuom on agrammatism in Swahili and with Barbara Moser-Mercer, Miriam Shlesinger, Ingrid Kurz and Minhua Li on Cognition in Simultaneous Interpreters' Career Trajectories (an AIIC-funded project)
Principal Investigator:
Loraine K. Obler, Ph.D.
Distinguished Professor
Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences,
Graduate School and University Center,
City University of New York,
365 Fifth Ave
New York, New York 10016-4309
Phone: 212-817-8809
Fax: 212-817-1537
email: email@example.com


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Metro/King County Council News
by Louise Miller, Vice Chair, Councilmember, District 3
The council has spent the past two years reorganizing county government and merging Metro with King County.
As of January, 1996, the merge will be complete. It will take another six to nine months to fine-tune the combined organizations and get the newly formed departments working smoothly.
As county government changed with the merger, so has the makeup of the council. In 1996, a majority of the members will have been elected since the charter amendment was passed in 1993.
The leadership team for 1996 will be Jane Hague, from District 11, as the Chair. Continuing as Vice Chair is Louise Miller from District 3.
We hope to bring a collaborative, issue-based approach to the council and further the goals of a streamlined government that provides the best service possible for our constituents.
We will continue the outreach of more district offices and services located outside Seattle, also holding meetings on important issues in the evening in the communities outside of Seattle.
The council will be looking for more ways of saving money and also making sure that we continue quality regional service.
As more areas annex to the suburban cities or form new cities, the job of providing local police, fire, roads, parks, and human services will be handled by those cities.
The county will be responsible for criminal justice, transit, sewage treatment, solid waste, and other regional services.


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Our Dallas Public Library system needs your support! Over 6.4 million people visited a Dallas Public Library in 2014 - that's more people than attended every Dallas Cowboys, Texas Rangers, Dallas Stars, Dallas Mavericks games, and the State Fair of Texas combined! The Dallas Public Library is an essential resource for people looking for jobs, looking to do well in school, and for people without Internet access.
The sole mission of the Friends of the Dallas Public Library is to support the library system. Since we began in 1950 our impact has been enormous:
- Organized the campaign to build the J. Erik Jonsson Central Library
- Led the way in the creation of 29 branches throughout the City of Dallas
- Funded two Bookmobiles that deliver library services directly to Dallas neighborhoods
- Continues the floor by floor renovation of the Central Library
- Developed one of the finest rare book collections housed in a public library
- Generates grants and scholarships for the devoted library staff
- Provides funding for programs vital to Dallas citizens of all ages, including free GED and ESL classes and Inspired Aging for seniors
- Created Books for Dallas Babies, a program focused on informing low-income new mothers on the importance of early childhood development, and about the valuable resources the library offers for her and her child
Private support of our library system has a long tradition in Dallas. Our first dedicated public library was funded by a gift from philanthropist Andrew Carnegie along with matching monies contributed by local supporters. Our city fathers knew then, as we know now, that a strong and vibrant library system is at the heart of Dallas' continued growth and prosperity.
Join now and make a profound difference in our beloved library system during these challenging times. Thank you for helping ensure our library's future.
Learn more about the Friends' mission and history here and here.


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Here is a list of what we've done and what we're working on right now.
We're in the business of building exciting things, if you are too, then get in touch with us.
We're a small start up out of Canada's prairies.
Front Row Software is a proudly Canadian start-up, established in Calgary, Alberta. Since 2013 we have been one of the leading innovators within Calgary's software development scene. We have built and deployed various projects from our small downtown office and continue to lead when it comes to innovation.
Our apps have been running on more than 100,000 iOS devices and our recent employment aggregate website (JobTorch.net) is getting ready to take over the world! We are in the business of building exciting things, if you are too then contact us, we love to hear from you!
We're a small start up, poised to do big things. Do you want to build something exciting but don't know where to start? give us a call!
Click Here to view our blog!
Go for it.


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From The Jersey Journal Political Insider's report in today's paper, it sounds like the Hoboken Dems, and co-vice chair Ann Graham in particular, were saying out loud what a lot of feminist-minded women and men were thinking Thursday night: The Republicans let a woman peek through their glass ceiling -- and this is the she they anoint?
Ah, well, doggone it, sometimes ya just gotta play the hand y'er dealt. Betcha you watched, too. So, wha'd ya think?


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Thursday, June 26, 2014
Coastal Logistics Group (CLG), a third-party logistics (3PL) provider and warehouse operator, has established a new facility in Dorchester County to serve customers shipping through the Port of Charleston.
The $1.2 million investment has already created 30 new jobs and is expected to create another 30 jobs in the coming months.
CLG is operating the facility as part of a strategic alliance the company formalized last year with Kuehne + Nagel Inc., one of the worlds leading logistics providers. The alliance leverages Kuehne + Nagels international footprint and supply chain management services with CLGs expertise in warehousing and distribution.
CLGs 200,000-square-foot facility, which is at 2725 W. 5th North Street in Summerville and began operations this spring, houses value-added services for customers that ship goods internationally through the South Carolina Ports Authoritys terminals.
CLG provides value-added export services for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), including disassembling, packing and shipping vehicles in a semi-knocked down (SKD) process.
The company plans to expand into the power generation, construction and aerospace industries and offer both import and export services.
We welcome Coastal Logistics Group to Dorchester County. Their decision to begin operations in our county is a testament to the Port of Charleston and Dorchester County being the right place for the logistics sector, said Bill Hearn, chairman of Dorchester County Council.
In addition to the Dorchester County facility, CLG operates in Norfolk, Memphis and Savannah. Kuehne + Nagel Inc. is part of the Kuehne + Nagel Group of companies, which has more than 1,000 logistics offices in more than 100 countries, including a branch office in Charleston at 670 Marina Drive.
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During a meeting Thursday night, Seneca County Democratic Party Executive Committee discussed its options regarding the soon-to-be vacant chair position.
Committee Chair Tom Smathers announced his resignation in March, and he is to step down in May.
"I'm going to be gone most of the summer, I don't think that's fair to try and hold a position and have somebody do all the work," he said. "I think the right thing to do is resign, and then come back and help the way I intend to do."
During the previous meeting, Smathers said Vice Chair Mary Puffenberger would succeed him as the committee's chair, but said constitution/bylaws committee head Dean Henry said the committee should elect a chair.
The committee discussed when and how the next chair should be appointed, but decided to wait until a future meeting to make a decision.
In other business, the committee appointed Cheryl Radin-Norman to the executive committee.
Radin-Norman, who recently moved to the county, would normally have to wait until she declared herself a Democrat during primary election before she could become a member of the committee.
Since there is no primary election this year, Puffenberger said she contacted the registrar of voters in Radin-Norman's previous state, and presented a hard copy of Radin-Norman's Democratic enrollment to the committee.
"It's good to have people that are interested and serving, and it's great to have people who are energetic too," Smathers said.
Also at the meeting, the committee agreed to pay Seneca County Democratic Party's $600 assessment fee to the Ohio Democratic Party.


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Greeley City Council members on Tuesday said they will not join other Weld County communities seeking to unseat the High Plains Library District's board of trustees, citing concerns that those communities are acting illegally.
Several council members at a work session strongly disagreed with the actions of leaders in Ault, Eaton, Hudson, Fort Lupton, Fort Lupton Re-8 School District and Weld County, who met on Monday and nominated each other as High Plains' new board members.
Those communities, plus Greeley, are the founding members of the district, which they said gives them authority to throw out the new board.
But Greeley City Attorney Doug Marek said he mostly agrees with arguments made by High Plains attorney Nathan Godsey.
The founding communities should have changed the High Plains bylaws or gotten authority from the board to begin the nomination process, and they never cited any "good cause" for unseating board members, those attorneys say.
Marek said he also thinks it takes unanimous approval by all of the nominating bodies to seat a new board member, instead of majority approval, as cited by Weld County Attorney Bruce Barker.
Greeley Mayor Tom Norton did not go to Monday's meeting, saying he needed time to talk with council members about their position on the matter.
Even so, Norton on Monday was nominated as an at-large member of the new board.
On Tuesday, he wrestled with the duty to represent Greeley and other communities served by High Plains and the legality of his actions if he did so.
Greeley, Kersey, Firestone and Erie are served by branch libraries, meaning High Plains runs those libraries directly. Those libraries serve 89 percent of all library patrons in Weld County, according to High Plains officials.
The founding members, plus Platteville and Johnstown, have member libraries, meaning their individual library boards decide how most of their revenue will be spent.
Without Norton on the board, there is a possibility that most patrons served by High Plains won't be represented.
But council members said they would rather the city not be involved in the new board at all, saying they don't see how the issue will be resolved without litigation.
Council Member Mike Finn said he felt the initial conflict between member libraries and High Plains officials, which has led to the unseating of the board, should have been solved by Weld County commissioners, who have hosted meetings with those communities about how they wanted to proceed with the district.
Finn said he feels commissioners are choosing to represent the rural areas of Weld County, but not the population centers.
"It's another example, in my opinion, that the county commissioners aren't representing this community," he said to applause from a handful of residents gathered at the work session.
Council Member Sandi Elder said the founding communities need to give a reason why they are seeking to take over the board.
"It's pretty black and white, what you can do and what you can't do," Elder said. "I just don't think this is good government."
Norton said the structure of the library district, which essentially gives both the High Plains board and individual library boards some of the same powers, is a "recipe for disaster."
He said he has had a difficult time getting direct answers from representatives of member libraries regarding what exactly is angering them.
Norton called on the public to contact the city if they have any information they feel offers good cause for seeking to unseat the board.


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A new collaborative program designed to improve access to behavioral health services in Miami County is off and running.
The program is a project between Upper Valley Medical Center (UVMC), Samaritan Behavioral Health, Inc. (SBHI) and the Miami County Recovery Council (MCRC). It was made possible in part by a Community Benefit Grant awarded by UVMC last year.
"Upper Valley is committed to our responsibility as a good neighbor in the community we serve," said Becky Rice, UVMC President and CEO. "Grant recipient programs such as this are critical to providing more access to important health care services for our local underserved populations."
The collaborative behavioral health project was initiated around 18 months ago by Tom Parker, former UVMC CEO, who saw a need for more mental health services in Miami County, said Sue McGatha, President and CEO of SBHI.
"He thought if MCRC and Samaritan Behavioral Health did something together, it would create more robust mental health and addiction services in the county," she said.
The agreed to approach was to create an integrated care delivery model in which the whole person is treated through offering mental health/substance abuse services along with primary care medical services. The initial target audience is individuals with mental health or addiction needs who are seen at the UVMC emergency department or at primary care physician offices.
The project's first phase involved the hiring by the Recovery Council of a staff person as a Community Care Liaison (CCL). The CCL works with those who seek care at the hospital emergency department needing behavioral health services, but are not admitted to the inpatient psychiatric unit, said Thom Grim, MCRC executive director.
The Community Care Liaison follows up with each individual and provides assistance in their contact with appropriate providers and support services until they meet with an addiction or mental health agency. The overall goal is to provide the needed links to services for each individual in order to reduce repeat trips to hospital emergency departments, where care is more expensive.
David "Duke" Durkey was hired by the Recovery Council as the first CCL and began his work in November. As of mid-January, Durkey, who has a background in mental health work with people of all ages, had received nearly 60 referrals. Among those he has encountered are people who have never sought treatment for behavioral health symptoms and are suffering needlessly, Durkey said.
"Some people are uneducated about local resources for treatment and intimidated by the process of obtaining them," he said. "I would act as a liaison between the patient and local treating agencies to ensure that the patient is connected to those resources and would be provided with a stable and permanent solution for their treatment instead of receiving only brief relief at the Emergency Department."
The reaction to his inquiries has been surprising, Durkey said. "In some cases I encounter gratitude from people simply for inquiring about their well-being and situation. With only minimal information provided about local resources, some people can pursue their own connection to resources," he said.
The collaboration's second phase, planned for later this year, will involve office space for behavioral health providers next to a physicians' office at UVMC's Outpatient Care Center/North off Looney Road in Piqua. By having the offices next door, the primary care physician within minutes can refer a patient to the behavioral health professionals, consult on cases and obtain information on potential behavioral health conditions.
"We see many folks in our behavioral health work who have serious physical health issues that need to be treated," McGatha said.
This concept of integrated care has been increasing in use the past few years, Grim said. "For those providing primary care, behavioral health issues may not be detected because of the length time spent with a patient and/or lack of experience identifying symptoms during brief interaction of a regular office visit," he said.
"Historically, behavioral health clients will not get their physical/medical needs met for a variety of reasons. There is a tendency to not see physicians unless necessary (thus diminishing the chances of early detection), financial limitations and transportation-related issues all factor into a general neglect of self-care in many cases," he added.
McGatha said organizers are pleased with the program so far, noting the project's bottom line is to create "more access to behavioral health and physical health care services and, through that access, to produce good, positive outcomes."
To learn more, contact Thom Grim at 335-4543 ext. 143 / email@example.com, or Nancy Bleil at 734-3462 / firstname.lastname@example.com.
Content Updated: December 1, 2014
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"Reissue of this early computer music classic, recorded between 1977 and 1980 and one of the first albums to feature music produced almost entirely with digital synthesizers! Limited Vinyl Edition! In 1982, a small Canadian record label specializing mostly in classical music released "Heliograms". This was the first record by Canadian composer and video artist Jean Piché, and it was also one of the first albums to feature music produced almost entirely with digital synthesizers. But, due to an unfortunate turn of events, the label went bankrupt as soon as "Heliograms" was released, therefore relegating this essential piece of electronic music to obscurity. Jean Piché recorded "Heliograms" between the years 1977-1980 during his time at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, BC. The music on the LP consists of works for computer, digital synthesis and acoustic instruments, and most of it was composed using the POD Interactive Compositional System that Barry Truax had developed at SFU. The four compositions that make up "Heliograms" are often dense, harmonically rich pieces that slowly evolve through time. There is a strong use of tonality throughout which characterizes Piché's work during this period. It echoes a fascination with the music of Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Lou Harrison, placing it firmly in a minimalist approach to electronic music, alongside the contemporary work of American composer Laurie Spiegel, then working at Bell Labs." (label info)
Go back


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Man robbed after meeting couple to sell iPhone
Published 9:35 AM EDT Jun 18, 2012
Police said a Carroll County man was robbed by a man and a woman after he met them to sell an Apple iPhone.
The robbery occurred around 2 a.m. Sunday on Hodges Road in Eldersburg.
The Carroll County Sheriff's Office said the two robbers were armed, one with a hammer and one with a knife that was held to the throat of the victim.
The robbers took the iPhone and cash, and investigators said the amount stolen was worth more than $1,000. The victim was not injured.
Copyright 2012 by The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Current time:0:00Total duration:9:17
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Intro to the trigonometric ratios
Sal introduces sine, cosine, and tangent, and gives an example of finding them for a given right triangle. Created by Sal Khan.
If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources for Khan Academy.
If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked.


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David Bailey's current research focuses on the history of igneous and tectonic activity in the northeastern United States and on the mineralogy of New York State. He is a recipient of National Science Foundation ILI and CCLI grants and is a research associate of the New York State Museum. Baily has written numerous peer-reviewed papers, conference abstracts and field trip guides. He earned his doctorate from Washington State University. His dissertation focused on geochemistry and petrogenesis of Miocene volcanic rocks in the Powder River Volcanic Field, northeast Oregon.
George T. Jones' research interests include hunter-gatherer adaptation to desert environments, and he conducts archaeological studies in the Intermountain Region of the Western United States. From 1986 to 2007, he co-directed an archaeological field school with Professor of Anthropology Charlotte Beck, to whom he is married. He and Beck published the monograph, The Archaeology of the Eastern Nevada Paleoarchaic, and he has coauthored numerous book chapters and articles in journals such as American Antiquity, Journal of Archaeological Science and Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. Jones was awarded Hamilton's Samuel and Helen Lang Prize for excellence in teaching. He earned a doctorate from the University of Washington.


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Florida Lost Nearly $1M on Sugar Bowl
June 13th, 2013| by Lost Lettermen
It wasn't just on the field — where it was upset, 33–23, by Louisville — that Florida lost at the 2013 Sugar Bowl in January.
At Wednesday's annual budget meeting for the University Athletic Association, school officials revealed that Florida lost $840,000 on the game, mostly due to failing to sell its required allotment of 17,500 tickets.
The Gators were not the only SEC bowl team to take a loss on ticket sales this past year. At the conference's annual spring meetings in May, commissioner Mike Slive said the league would be pushing for a lower required ticket allotment for future bowl games.
Considering that BCS bowl games are among the few postseason contests where participating schools consistently make money, this is disconcerting news to say the least. The Playoff Era can't come soon enough.


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2 charged after fight, shot fired in Franklin
FRANKLIN -- Two men were taken to Venango County Prison after a gun was fired during a Saturday night fight.
Franklin police said Kerry Switzer, 29, and Jeremy Tenney, 34, both of Franklin, were drinking together in the 500 block of Grant Street when they began arguing. Switzer fire a shotgun into the air when Tenney wouldn't leave, police said.
Switzer then went into his residence and Tenney broke a door down, after which the two men got into a physical altercation, police said.
Police said Switzer faces charges including aggravated assault and recklessly endangering another person while Tenney's charges include criminal trespass and burglary.
See Monday's Erie Times-News and GoErie.com for more coverage.


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Kristy Walsh (CandleFOREX)Shared publicly -
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In 2006, we started out as a group of geeks passionate about currency trading and economic happenings around the world. In our quest for the perfect trade, we coded automated trading systems for MetaTrader, TradeStation, NinjaTrader, and several other platforms. As our passion and reputation grew, we began to complete unfinished projects from other sources, as well as brainstorming and programming custom Forex robots for a diverse clientele.
While we thrive on our unique knowledge of markets, technical analysis, mathematics, and computers, our philosophy is quite simple: Trading Forex isn't just for the tech-savvy or the mathematically inclined. Whether you trade as a hobby or trade to pay the bills, or need simple scripts or complex, high-frequency and low-latency solutions, we'll help you design a trading system that's right for you. From market open to market close, we are here to support all your trading and programming needs.
Let CandleFOREX help you "Light up your Forex trading!" Have a programming question? Can't seem to debug an existing robot? We're only a tick, stop, or pip away. For immediate response (because time is money!), email a CandleFOREX programmer today.
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Market On The Up Despite U.S Sequestration
Ongoing uncertainty over US sequestration with no concrete signs of an end to political turmoil in Italy and rumblings in China, markets see


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Having no rent or no mortgage enables cashed-up females to spend big for social occasions
- From: The Advertiser
- December 26, 2012
FRANCES Emanouil looks a million dollars but her style does not come cheap.
The 25-year-old's outfit - a new red lace Lover dress, Givenchy shoes and an oversized Dolce & Gabbana bag - set her back a small fortune.
The designer shoes and bag were already in her wardrobe, while the dress, bought specifically for a night out, had a price tag of $900.
Cashed-up females, usually with no mortgage and no children, are becoming happy to spend up to $1000 on something new for a social occasion.
As the party season hots up, stylist Filip Odzak said he had noticed a trend in 20-something females forking out the best part of their pay packets on a night out.
"Those are the type of women who will spend large - they like going to ritzy parties and will always buy a cocktail dress and accessories to match," he said.
"It's not a cheap night - because you've also got food, transportation and drinks."
Ms Emanouil, of Unley Park, who works in property management, said she believed in buying investment pieces.
"It definitely helps not having to pay rent or having a mortgage. Without things like that you have more money to allocate to yourself."
Originally published as Forget a house, let's spend up big


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Firms in the financial industry (banking, insurance, equities/stock brokerage, and transaction services companies) are increasingly moving services to the Web as technology becomes cheaper and consumer demand for Web-enabled solutions grows. Offering services such as online checking and bill payment, online insurance quoting, and online stock trading gives such companies a way to expand sales channels and expose new and existing products. With Web sites becoming mission critical, Web development (and consequently Web testing) is quickly becoming a core competency of financial services companies. That's where automated testing with the IBM® Rational® Software Development Platform comes in.
Automated testing can reduce the complexity of Web development, reduce the costs of testing in an iterative environment, speed up the detection of meaningful bugs, and help to increase communication between developers and testers. Furthermore, it can help financial services companies avoid financial losses related to Web sites that are hard to use or unreliable. According to Michal Blumenstyk in his article Web Application Development -- Bridging the Gap between QA and Development, financial services companies could lose up to "$6.5 million per hour in brokerage operations, and $2.4 million per hour in credit card sales applications" due to "poorly functioning" Web sites.
Both functional and performance testing play crucial roles in creating a well-functioning Web site. In this article, we'll focus on functional testing of financial services applications with IBM® Rational® Functional Tester. In particular, we'll look at uses of data-driven functional testing and ways to use functional tests to check security.
Editor's note: This article is based on version 6.0 of the IBM Rational Software Development Platform.
About functional testing and Rational Functional Tester
Functional test automation is an easy way to lower the costs of test execution over time. The same test can be reused multiple times, saving tester resources and allowing fast turnaround. Automation done right is worth the effort, as shown in the abundant literature on the topic of return on investment (ROI) for automation.
For financial services applications, there's often a lot of low-hanging fruit for automated test suites.
- Simple data-entry screens without many complex controls or much graphics processing are ideal candidates for automated testing because most automation tools interface nicely with the technologies used to develop them.
- Straightforward business models lend themselves to scenario-based testing, ideal for automation.
- Report-oriented or quote-oriented results lend themselves to automation because automated scripts can interface directly with the application and the databases to verify accuracy.
In particular, using data-driven techniques (discussed below) is one of the most effective ways to increase ROI for automation on financial applications. These techniques allow you to turn one test into many.
IBM Rational Functional Tester is an object-oriented automated testing tool that you can use to test a variety of applications. Rational Functional Tester's object-oriented technology makes it possible for you to identify objects by their internal object properties, not their screen coordinates, when you generate scripts by recording against the application under test. This means you can test any object in the application under test, including the object's properties and data. In the financial services industry, you can easily extract data from controls and fields in order to verify its accuracy or to store it for comparison at a later point in the test. You can test IDE-specific test objects in .NET, Java, and Web-based applications, whether they're visible or hidden in the interface.
Rational Functional Tester offers you a choice of scripting language and editor -- Java in Eclipse or Microsoft Visual Basic .NET in Visual Studio .NET. That means that regardless of the language or development platform your development staff has chosen, you should be able to integrate with them and leverage some of their expertise as you develop your automated tests. For more a more detailed look at Rational Functional Tester and the differences between the Java and Visual Basic .NET implementations, see my article Introduction to IBM Rational Functional Tester.
Applying data-driven testing to financial services applications
Data-driven testing is a technique where a single test script is used repeatedly with varying input and response data that comes from a predefined data set. The nature of the data used by financial services applications lends itself nicely to data-driven techniques. We'll take a look at one example of using data-driven testing in the financial services world and then discuss how to select the data to use. I'll also show you how useful it can be to separate default data from test data. For more information on implementing data-driven testing, see "Resources" at the end of this article.
An example of data-driven testing
Suppose your financial services site presents the credit card application shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. A credit card application on a financial services site
If you wanted to test different scenarios based on age, state, income, and years with employer, you could generate a large number of test cases.
- To test all 50 states, you would have 50 values for state.
- To test valid and invalid ages, you would have two values (above 18 and below 18 to keep it simple).
- To test different incomes, you would develop brackets based on your business rules -- say four income brackets, giving four possible value ranges for income.
- To test years with employer (again based on your business rules), you'd again have to use value ranges -- say under a year and over a year.
Combining all of these variables in all possible ways would give you something like 800 test cases (50 x 2 x 4 x 2). While you would most likely use some technique to reduce the number of test cases you would execute, if you used a data-driven technique you could use the same set of test scripts to execute all 800 test case variations (or whatever number of data variations you decided on).
In Rational Functional Tester, data-driven testing can be implemented via datapools. A datapool is a collection of related data records that supplies values for the variables in a test script during script playback. When you use datapools, Rational Functional Tester delivers a different set of test data to a script each time you play it back. You use datapools to supply realistic data and to stress an application with a variety of data and with a realistic amount of data. Figure 2 shows an example of a datapool that you could use to test your credit card application.
Figure 2. A datapool to use in testing the credit card application
Let's look now at how you might use a datapool to do functional testing of some aspect of your financial services site. Listing 1 is a sample functional test script that tests the credit card application shown in Figure 1 with values from the datapool shown in Figure 2.
Listing 1. A sample script testing our credit card application
{ public void testMain(Object[] args) { //First Name fnametext().click(atPoint(60,6)); submitAnApplicationwindow().inputChars(dpInt("FirstName")); //MI mnametext().click(atPoint(60,6)); submitAnApplicationwindow().inputChars(dpInt("MI")); //Last Name lnametext().click(atPoint(60,6)); submitAnApplicationwindow().inputChars(dpInt("LastName")); //Sfx sfxComboBoxcomboBox().click(atPoint(56,14)); sfxComboBoxcomboBox().click(atText(dpInt("Sfx"))); //SSN ssntext().click(atPoint(60,6)); submitAnApplicationwindow().inputChars(dpInt("SSN")); //etc... } }
When you run this script, Rational Functional Tester will enter each of the values from the current row of the datapool into the appropriate fields of the application. Every time the script is executed, assuming the datapool cursor is advanced, the next row of data will be entered. Ideally, your script will stop executing once the datapool no longer contains data that hasn't been entered.
Selecting data to use
Data selection is the first step down the road of data-driven testing. You'll need to select the data that either drives the navigation of your application, represents the data that gets entered into your application, or both. Here we'll quickly examine five different ways to select data for testing: based on risk, based on requirements, based on availability, using production data, or using randomly generated data.
Selecting data based on risk. The number one criterion for test data selection should be risk. When you identify risks, you consider what can go wrong. You're looking for the events that might occur that would decrease the likelihood that you'll be able to deliver the project with the right features and the requisite level of quality on time and within budget. There are three ways to categorize risks:
- By the impact of the risk -- the deviations of schedule, effort, or cost from plan if the risk materializes
- By likelihood of occurrence -- the probability that the risk will materialize (usually expressed as a percentage)
- By risk exposure -- the impact multiplied by the likelihood of occurrence
Selecting data based on requirements. You can also select data that will allow you to test a requirement or a set of requirements explicitly. Look for data that will allow you to exercise feature sets, capabilities, and security features in your application. If your application has different roles, what data would you need to exercise each role? What features do you want to include in your test coverage and what data do you require to use them? In addition, consider what impact the various target deployment environments will have on the elements to be tested. Your list of selected data should include data for both the application under test and the target environment(s). What data will you need to test hardware devices, device drivers, operating systems, network and communications software, third-party base software components (for example, e-mail software, Internet browsers), and various configurations and settings related to the possible combinations of all these elements? When dealing with financial applications, what data will you need to test internationalization?
Selecting data based on availability. You may want to select data that's readily available. This could be production data (discussed in depth below) that's in an easy-to-access format, data from past iterations, spreadsheets used by manual testers for your project, data from other projects or teams in your company, or data from some data generation source (also discussed below). The idea here is that if the data is easily accessible, as well as usable and meaningful, including this data in your testing can save time and money. I emphasize usability and meaningfulness because it's important that you don't select data just because it's there and ready to be used.
Using production data. Another strategy to gather test data is to use production data. Although you shouldn't rely solely on this type of data, it can be one of the richest sources of scenarios for automated testing, both because the data is representative of real scenarios the application will face and because it will most likely provide a high number of different scenarios. On a recent project, we read production data from a holding table about once a week, and we were rewarded with 300 to 500 scenarios with little to no effort. You can load the data straight into the test environment, read it into data files for processing later, or read it in real time and convert it as you use it. Production data is also an excellent source for parallel testing. If you use production data in the system you're developing, you'll quickly know if that system works like the system in production. With financial applications, this can especially help in finding problems with floating-point values, conversion ratios, and lengths associated with data types.
There are some caveats about using production data, however. Production data will most likely not contain many of the special cases you'll want to test for, and it's not a replacement for well-thought-out test scenarios. There are also potentially some legal issues surrounding use of production data (for more on this, see "Resources" at the end of this article). Especially if you outsource some of your testing, you'll want to be sure to check your company's policies on the use of production data; if no formal policy exists, consult someone in your legal department. Even if you can't directly use production data, odds are you'll be able to change some values (names, social security numbers, and such) and use the rest of the data.
Using random data generation. Many tools include test data generators, and Rational Functional Tester is one of them. Random data generators can be especially helpful in generating large sets of financial data or customer data. For example, if you need to test for rounding errors on financial information (and I'm guessing you do), you can randomly generate a large set of data, run the data through your application, run it through the Windows calculator (assuming the Windows calculator has no rounding errors) simulating the same calculations, and then compare the results to make sure they match. Or if you need to generate a set of 500 different customer names and addresses, you can have a generator create a table of names and addresses.
One last note: You should avoid trying to select data for all test cases at once. Instead, take an incremental and iterative approach to working with test data, focusing your efforts on the data that you think is most likely to produce useful evaluation information for the given test cycle. This helps to mitigate the risk of devoting too much time to a single set of data or type of testing, to the neglect of other data or testing tasks, and minimizes the risk of expending effort on data for test ideas that may later prove of little interest.
Separating default data from test data
By separating default data from test data, you can save space and time as well as simplify the test data set, making it easier to read and troubleshoot. To illustrate this concept, let's go back to the example of the credit card application shown in Figure 1. Say you're in New York and want to test the processing of out-of-state applications. Your test data for the Address Information section may look something like the data shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Test data for the Address Information section of the credit card application
|Street #
|Street Name
|Apart #
|Zip Code
|Washington Blvd
|Penn Yan
|Washington Blvd
|Washington Blvd
|Big Lake
|Washington Blvd
|Washington Blvd
The default data set, as shown in Table 2, consists of one full entry. For each column in the table (or each field on the screen), there's a value.
Table 2. Default data set
|Street #
|Street Name
|Apart #
|Zip Code
|Washington Blvd
|Penn Yan
The test data set, shown in Table 3, contains only the data that varies from entry to entry. If a value doesn't differ from the value in the default data set, you don't include it in the test data set.
Table 3. Test data set
|Street #
|Street Name
|Apart #
|Zip Code
|Big Lake
Looking at these tables, you can very quickly see what's being tested and what values are used. If this were a much larger table (containing all the states, more cities per state, and so forth), you would more readily appreciate what a difference the simplification makes.
When implementing this model, you'll need a process that reads from both the test and the default data set. That process should populate data using the default data whenever it encounters an empty cell (or null value) in the test data set. The pseudocode in Listing 2 illustrates this process.
Listing 2. A simple process for populating data using the default and test data sets
Get the value from the TestDatapool If the value returned from the TestDatapool is NULL Then Get the value from the DefaultDatapool Return the DefaultDatapool value Else Return the TestDatapool value End If
Testing the security of a financial services site
Security testing is intended to ensure confidentiality (privacy, authorization, and exclusivity), integrity (correctness, completeness, validity, authenticity, and auditability), and availability (continuity, timeliness, contingency, reliability, and robustness). The nature of financial applications makes security testing particularly important. No one tool will automate security testing -- if one existed, hackers would be using it to get at your financial information -- but functional and performance testing tools can find many security-related bugs.
The best investment in security testing you can make is to learn how to think like a security tester. As you're scripting something ask yourself, "How can I vary this code to test some aspect of security?" Following is a short list of techniques you can apply using Rational Functional Tester with data-driven testing.
- Test fields at the boundaries and test with bad data.
For example, you might have a datapool that looks like the one shown in Figure 3 to test the boundaries of a birthdate field on a credit card application. (Assume that this datapool was created on 11/04/2004. Actually, a better strategy would be to use dates that don't age in the datapool.)
Figure 3. A datapool to test boundaries
- Test common user IDs and passwords.
You might have a datapool that contains common user IDs and passwords that you can use to log in with. Or if you're more devious, use a datapool to test to ensure that when you create a user ID it conforms to minimum standards for user IDs and passwords, such as the password standards for West Chester University. To test these password standards, you might create the datapool shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4. A datapool to test password standards
- Test for buffer overflows.
Create datapools (or perhaps here it would make sense to use some other storage method due to string size -- or even perhaps to create the string programmatically) with very long strings of data. In their book How to Break Software Security, Whittaker and Thompson go into detail on this type of "attack" and show you sample strings that you can use as well as give you tips on how to select meaningful values for this type of testing.
- Create tests that use alternate routes for the same (or similar) tasks.
If there are multiple ways to navigate to a particular page on your site, make sure you're testing all of them and not just the one that you think will be used most often.
- Create tests that force all error messages.
If you have rules in your application that are associated with error messages, create test cases to exercise those messages. For example, if your application requires a user to log in, your tests might force error messages such as these:
You have entered an invalid user ID.
You have entered an invalid password.
You have exceeded the maximum number of login attempts.
You can also use the other IBM Rational tools to test security. With IBM® Rational® Performance Tester, you can do the following:
- Modify the GET and POST commands for the Web site and change values, paths, and data to see if you can bypass security.
- Create a load and then perform security testing on the application while it's under stress.
- Review scripts to see if you can find any security problems contained in the GET and POST commands.
With one of the scripting tools, you can test security in these ways:
- Parse Web page source code looking for information leaks (paths, IDs, protected information, and so on).
- Enter predefined SQL injection attacks into various input fields.
- Replace files that the application uses at run time.
Certainly there are more uses than these (and probably some better), but this should get you thinking about how you can use these tools (and others) to help with security testing. Some of my favorite resources for security testing are listed in the "Resources" section at the end of this article.
Next steps
This article has discussed just a subset of the types of tests that lend themselves to testing financial applications. Static analysis, component testing, and runtime analysis top my list of other valuable types of testing that have a large suite of tools available for them. But before you look into those, get comfortable with the capabilities of Rational Functional Tester.
I'd suggest that you start recording scripts, building object maps for your application, and building datapools to reflect the data and decision points in the application. As you're building these test assets, start to think about how you can combine them by using business scenarios and/or models to create more complicated tests. If your application is made of multiple components, start to explore how Rational Functional Tester might interface with each of them. The sooner you know this, the better off you'll be down the road.
- Learn more about Rational Functional Tester in Introduction to IBM Rational Functional Tester by Mike Kelly (developerWorks, Dec 2004) and Introduction to version control of Rational Functional Tester assets using Rational ClearCase by Mike Kelly (developerWorks, Dec 2004).
- For more on Web testing and the financial services industry, see Testing Applications on the Web by Hung Nguyen, Bob Johnson, and Michael Hackett (Wiley, 2003), Web Services for Insurance Industry by M. M. Bhaskar (Wipro Technologies Web site), Web Application Development -- Bridging the Gap between QA and Development by Michal Blumenstyk (StickyMinds Web site), and the May 2004 issue of the Communications of the ACM, which has an incredible series of articles on "New Architectures for Financial Services."
- For more on data-driven testing, see Totally Data-Driven Automated Testing by Keith Zambelich (Automated Testing Specialists Web site), Choosing a test automation framework by Mike Kelly (developerWorks, Jul 2003), and Improving the Maintainability of Automated Test Suites by Cem Kaner (on Kaner's Web site).
- Learn more about the legal issues surrounding use of production data by browsing, for example, the HIPPA, Sarbanes-Oxley, and Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act sites.
- For more on security testing, see How to Break Software Security by James A. Whittaker and Herbert H. Thompson (Addison Wesley, 2003), the Open Web Application Security Project, and the Web site of Insecure.Org.
- Learn about the IBM Software Development Platform and why Rational products are an important component of it.
- Share your questions and views on the topics covered in this article with the author and other readers in the Rational discussion forums.
- Browse for books on these and other technical topics.
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Tell us that you visited, make suggestions or share your thoughts.Your Name or Initials:
I think in 8b. The caste system, Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar's work was unprecedented for removal of untouchability than M.K Gandhi.Thanks
K.S, Massachusetts [12-01-2014] »»»
I think it is very help ful to me!
justin reed, 12 [11-26-2014] »»»
I thought he conqured the LARGEST EMPIRE EVER KNOWN?????
Jesus did not attack the temple. Please consider revising this section and basing it on the Bible. Thank you this is a great research website I hope to use it again.
anonymous [11-26-2014] »»»
I think that instead of a google search on the website you should have a search to find things on the website. It will help you with customers because I can't use this website because of the not good search results.
AB, ny [11-26-2014]
why don't you say why the emperor had the gladiatorial games????????!
i am really pleased with this site I'm coming here to reasrch Hammarobi Code : an eye for an eye i am really happy i found a site like this thank you :D
Zoe Pankey [11-26-2014] »»»
This site can help you to keep people on track and go Back in Time so cool =)
Z.p., 12 [11-26-2014] »»»
Very Cool.
Lesley DeGroodt [11-26-2014] »»»
this is a bad website
HTA, i'm 11 [11-26-2014]
Why did you put a picture of Ashanti kings of present day Ghana along with a text about the Ancient ghana empire in which the Soninke dominated? it makes ZERO sense. They have nothing in common religiously or culturally. It might also create confusion in mind of readers.
This website helped me on my assignment! Thank you
Craig Shisheesh, I'm 17 years old [11-26-2014] »»»
vary good site (/0.0/)
I love this
Bob [11-26-2014] »»»
I love this site!
Craig [11-26-2014] »»»
I love this site
Dylan, 90 [11-26-2014] »»»
Who wrote the article on Ancient Civilizations? I notice you provide the experts who chatted online, but there is no authorship cited for the Ancient Civ articles. Thank you.
Colin Mason [11-26-2014]
bob, 35 [11-26-2014] »»»
they eat different food to us
sr [11-26-2014] »»»
al [11-26-2014] »»»
Please add author(s), so I can use this for my history fair! My only suggestion.
Jordan Gennero [11-26-2014] »»»
The Egyptians lived there by the Nile eating fish, water birds and many other kinds of animals. They use the Nile to trade stuff on the water to different places, used the water to grow plants when itn flooded the plants grew fine and they had plenty of food but when the water didn't flood the didn't get much food and some might starve.
anonymous [11-26-2014] »»»
So Europeans are actually Romans, and if he is documented evidence that in 70 AD over 1 million Hebrews fled to Africa 1500 years later they entered the Atlantic slave trade prophecy being fulfilled in Deuteronomy 28 : 68 with slave ships
prince allen [11-26-2014] »»»
hi [11-26-2014] »»»
hi this site is sorta good but you souldd add what people want to know
anonymous [11-26-2014] »»»
i love GHANA
Ashley [11-26-2014] »»»
Newman Nago [11-26-2014] »»»
Don't you have any like extra stuff about hammurabi's code of laws
anonymous, YUYvdoyuvDYVYUSVW [11-26-2014] »»»
I am the grandson of a Bishop, and is known as The Hood Novelist. I am familiar with ancestor in my own right, I acquired of who is King. Very knowledgeable wisdom do I contain. I bear the markings on my hand. On the left hand a "GH", on the right hand "AnA". This is Ghana and I would love to meet and see the country.
Tony E. Colon Jr., 40 yrs. old, New Jersey [11-26-2014] »»»
you need to add more information in order to keep people interested
alyssa [11-26-2014] »»»
Who wrote this and what date published? it was a great site helped me heaps i have to cite it for assignment :) thanks
ghk-coolies [11-26-2014] »»»
Is there a continuation of World History after Ancient Civilizations? I used USHistory.org last year and I am looking for an equitable resource for World History.
Nancy C [11-26-2014]
The picture of a "copy of the Rig Veda" on this page www.ushistory.org/civ/8a.asp is actually a Tibetan text, part of which is a lengthy quote of what seems to be dedicatory prayers such as "Lord, look [on us] with the compassion of the knower of the three times..." etc. The text is Buddhist.
James Bradwell [11-26-2014] »»»
This site is great. It is very helpful, site is well written and easy to navigate
JW, 37 Massachusetts [11-26-2014]
tinamarie ( sto [11-26-2014] »»»
Gandhi was not a kshatriya. He was a vaishya or trader. That fact was a profound influence on his thinking and his politics.
Arun R. Swamy, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Political Science, University of Guam [11-26-2014] »»»
Tania, Detroit [11-26-2014] »»»
Excellent reading material here.
Robert Atanasio, 67 male, college degree, want to be a history teacher now [11-26-2014] »»»
thank you for sharing!Share more!
Eunice, Almost 10 [11-26-2014]
thank you for sharing with us!
Isabelle, 12 [11-26-2014]
I hope you will share more:)Thank you very much for teaching us students so much about Olympic
Jannet wong, 9 [11-26-2014]
I agree with Ng,this is indeed a very good website for histories
Tan, 10 [11-26-2014]
This is a very good website,i hope you can share more about Olympics and other things
Ng, 10 [11-26-2014]
need some information
Fullara Dhar, ealy mans cloth [11-26-2014] »»»
This is something I would come to ever day. To look about the history that they have there.
E.Q.B, Jonesboro [11-26-2014]
"4g. Hebrews and the Land of Milk and Honey" claims the Hebrews called their God "Yahweh." But the descendants of that culture dispute that. They are taught that the hebrew tetragram (Yahweh is only 4 Hebrew letters) is unpronounceable and is a substitute for the ineffable name of God. They use the word "adonoy" for the tetragram, which translates to "the Lord".
nrcbtm1, 75 Virginia, U.S. [11-29-2012] »»»
i like whats it's saying i love civilization
laronnica green, age13 lakecity s.c. maxiethomas 29560. [11-29-2012] »»»
ok so i love drawing
dd, 53 [11-15-2012] »»»
esmeralda hollowy
esmeralda holloway, esmeralda holloway [10-11-2012] »»»
We already studied this!
It was with great interest that I read your publication. Unfortunately, a little of this publication is read by westerns, if it were, African culture would deserve better consideration
samuel camara, Malinke (Mandeka), my ancesters founded The Empire of Mali [04-07-2012] »»»
I would to thank you for not neglecting the pre- Carnegie history, especially under the ancient Egypt section and ancient China section, of the middle and new money rich classes, the status inconsistent, the open systems of social class, meritocracy, and economic equity. It is so refreshing that this site doesn't depict these ancient civilizations as just simply having caste and other closed systems of social class.
anonymous [01-26-2012]
I would like to see you do an entire online textbook, especially with the financial crisies today, on the history of the Middle Classes, the New Money Rich, the Status Inconsistent, the open systems of social class/meritocracy, and economic equity from the time immortal and the Old Stone Age until Andrew Carnegie's birth in 1835. I think it would be very cool and a great contribrution on your part. I think it is time for every status inconsistent, middle class, and new money rich person as well as every person who believes in economic equity and meritocrcacy to reclaim, and learn as much as possible the concepts' and social classes' pre-Carnegie history and antiquities.
anonymous [01-25-2012]
I would to thank you for not confining yourself to ancient Mespotania, Rome, Egypt, and Greece. But I would like to see you to have and do an entire section on the United States of America during ancient times on the website on your online textbook. In what is now the United States of America there was a number of ancient civilizations such as the Anazi or the ancient copper mines of Michigan and Wisconsin from the years 2500-1500BC. I think they need to be talked about in detail.
anonymous [01-25-2012]
This site was awesome. I found exactly what I needed.
a. holt [12-08-2008]
I think that you should write the article like for the text book. Then at the end summarize the main or important facts that students should know.
Gulu [11-26-2008] »»»
I love the concept of a free text. I hope you will revisit the piece on Rosa Parks though; she was in fact a trained activist and not just a tired seamstress, as your portrayal suggests. The Southern Poverty Law Center has an excellent film out on her that is free for educators (see tolerance.org/teach/activities/activity.jsp?ar=365) called "Mighty Times," and you can find more about her political activism training at tolerance.org/teach/activities/activity.jsp?p=0&ar=365&pa=2 . put more hitery Just read the piece on the Land of Television. I like history pieces that talk about culture. Do you have any info on Benedict Arnold. I need to do a report. I'm a big history buff and am already hooked on your site. God Bless America. Thanks for sharing this exceptional resource. I'll be visiting often. Ed, Venice, Florida Wow. What a useful resource for my 6th graders. I'll be sending them here often. Thank you so much for sharing this!
Ellen Bigler [10-28-2008]
anonymous [10-06-2008]
Wanda, Bellingham, Washington [09-09-2008]
anonymous [09-09-2008]
James J. Wilson, Lincoln, Nebraska [09-09-2008]
anonymous [09-09-2008] »»»
anonymous [09-08-2008]
put more hitery
Just read the piece on the Land of Television. I like history pieces that talk about culture.
Do you have any info on Benedict Arnold. I need to do a report.
I'm a big history buff and am already hooked on your site. God Bless America.
Thanks for sharing this exceptional resource. I'll be visiting often. Ed, Venice, Florida
Wow. What a useful resource for my 6th graders. I'll be sending them here often. Thank you so much for sharing this!