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The sports complex will get a $25 million spruce-up that also includes a multi-use playing field, more parking and landscaping.
The new 40,000-square-foot skatepark was designed with input from local skateboarders and will replace the existing 11,000-square-foot skatepark. Features include bowls, a flow course, an adjacent restroom and concession building.
The existing skatepark will not close until August, at which time the city plans to open up a temporary skate park, said Rick Gould, director of Parks, Recreation and Community Services. Skateboarders will likely only have to use the temporary park for less than six months, he said, with the new park expected to open in the spring.
The new gym will have indoor basketball and volleyball courts and is expected to open in 2010.
The 20-acre complex already has an aquatic center and activities center and will expand to 34 acres with this newest phase. During later stages, which include a BMX track, a roller hockey rink and off-leash dog park, the park will eventually grow to 60 acres.
"We are very excited about the Sports Complex expansion project and the opportunity to provide for the recreational needs of our community for generations to come," Mayor Bob Kellar said in a statement.
To RSVP for the groundbreaking, call (661) 255-4939.


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We've perused Melbourne's caffeine scene in the search for the best cups. Here is our top 5.
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E W Green, Sr| about 4 years ago
Hi Kelly, I would like to take the time to thank you for a great visit.During the plant tour; one suggestion; please have the breifer talk more about the partnership between the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine Corps that Thomas has formed. As a 25 year Veteran, this is a great iniative and it should be highlighted. Thanks for everything E W Green, Sr MBA 804 739 6262


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BIRMINGHAM, Alabama -- Books-A-Million Inc. said this afternoon that its board has formed a special committee to evaluate an offer by the family of Chairman Clyde B. Anderson to buy the rest of the company it doesn't already own.
The special committee consists of J. Barry Mason, the former dean of the business school at the University of Alabama, and Albert C. Johnson, a retired accountant and former finance chief at Dunn Investment Co.
The company said the committee has retained King & Spalding LLP as legal counsel and plans to hire financial advisers to study the offer.
The Anderson family floated a non-binding proposal on April 28 to buy the 47 percent of the company it doesn't own in a transaction that values the nation's second largest bookstore chain at $48.8 million. The family said at that time that the offer was subject to the scrutiny of a board panel.
Some investors have said the offer undervalues the company.
Books-A-Million said in its statement today that no decision has been made by the board on the offer.
See how shares are performing.


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Maryann Susan "Sue" Gregory, 61, Altoona, died Thursday morning at Altoona Center for Nursing Care after a lengthy illness.
She was born in Altoona, daughter of the late Edward and Aileen Russ.
Surviving are her partner, Norman Cuff; two children: James Tolan of Altoona and Michelle Dreese and fiance, Tsani Johnson, of Altoona; six grandchildren: Isaac and Ryan Dreese, Nathan Crynock and Dominic, Mackenzie and Ta' Sonya Johnson; and two brothers: Johnny Russ of Huntingdon and George Russ and wife, Linda, of Altoona.
She was preceded in death by a son, Michael Dreese; a sister, Nancy Russ; and a brother, Jim Russ.
Sue was formerly employed by Boyer Candy Co., Value City Department Store and the Double S. She enjoyed spending time with her grandchildren, playing Uno, baking and cooking.
Friends will be received from 10 until the 11 a.m. memorial service Saturday, Dec. 22, 2012, at Myers-Somers Funeral Home Inc., 501 Sixth Ave., Altoona, the Revs. George Bailey and Paul Johnson officiating.


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26 Mar 2014: The PLOS ONE Staff (2014) Correction: Secondary Household Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus among an Urban and Rural Population in Kenya, 2009–2010. doi: info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0091443 View correction
In Kenya, >1,200 laboratory-confirmed 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) cases occurred since June 2009. We used population-based infectious disease surveillance (PBIDS) data to assess household transmission of pH1N1 in urban Nairobi (Kibera) and rural Lwak.
We defined a pH1N1 patient as laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infection among PBIDS participants during August 1, 2009–February 5, 2010, in Kibera, or August 1, 2009–January 20, 2010, in Lwak, and a case household as a household with a laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 patient. Community interviewers visited PBIDS-participating households to inquire about illnesses among household members. We randomly selected 4 comparison households per case household matched by number of children aged <5. Comparison households had a household visit 10 days before or after the matched patient symptom onset date. We defined influenza-like illnesses (ILI) as self-reported cough or sore throat, and a self-reported fever ≤8 days after the pH1N1 patient's symptom onset in case households and ≤8 days before selected household visit in comparison households. We used the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test to compare proportions of ILIs among case and comparison households, and log binomial-model to compare that of Kibera and Lwak.
Among household contacts of patients with confirmed pH1N1 in Kibera, 4.6% had ILI compared with 8.2% in Lwak (risk ratio [RR], 0.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3–0.9). Household contacts of patients were more likely to have ILIs than comparison-household members in both Kibera (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1–2.8) and Lwak (RR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.6–4.3). Overall, ILI was not associated with patient age. However, ILI rates among household contacts were higher among children aged <5 years than persons aged ≥5 years in Lwak, but not Kibera.
Substantial pH1N1 household transmission occurred in urban and rural Kenya. Household transmission rates were higher in the rural area.
Citation: Kim CY, Breiman RF, Cosmas L, Audi A, Aura B, Bigogo G, et al. (2012) Secondary Household Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus among an Urban and Rural Population in Kenya, 2009–2010. PLoS ONE 7(6): e38166. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038166
Editor: Benjamin J. Cowling, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Received: September 8, 2011; Accepted: May 1, 2012; Published: June 11, 2012
This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.
Funding: No external funding was received for this study.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) virus was responsible for at least 20,000 laboratory-confirmed deaths globally [1]. The first-recognized case of laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 in Kenya was identified on June 29, 2009, and by September 2009 a majority of influenza cases in the country were caused by pH1N1 [2].
Household transmission patterns of influenza infections vary by specific circulating strains; secondary attack rates of influenza among households range from 10% to 40% [3]–[7]. For pH1N1, studies conducted in the United States demonstrated secondary household attack rates of 9% and 11% for influenza-like illness (ILI) [8], [9], 13% for acute respiratory illness and 4% for laboratory-confirmed cases [10]. Other studies reported secondary household attack rates of 14.5% for ILI or laboratory-confirmed cases in Australia [11], and 8% for laboratory-confirmed cases in Hong Kong [12]. Because of their age and lack of prior exposure to years of circulating influenza viruses, children are more susceptible to infection with seasonal influenza viruses. Studies conducted in the United States and the United Kingdom demonstrated that children were more susceptible to pH1N1 compared with adults [8]–[10], [13], [14]. Children are also thought to be more infectious than adults because they tend to spend a lot of time in proximity to others [15], [16]. In contrast to seasonal influenza outbreaks, an evaluation of transmission during the first months after emergence of pH1N1 did not find age to be associated with infectiousness [9].
Transmission patterns of pH1N1 have been studied most closely in North America, Europe, and East Asia [8]–[10], [12]–[14], [17]–[20]. Knowledge is limited regarding transmission of pH1N1 in Africa, where comorbidities (e.g., HIV infection, malaria, and nutritional deficiencies) are more common than other locations. The effect of population density on pH1N1 transmission patterns has not been studied. We assessed and compared secondary attack rates of pH1N1 among households in urban and rural Kenya by using data from an ongoing rigorous, population-based infectious disease surveillance system, and we explored the role of age in household transmission.
Ethics Statement
The protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Boards of the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) (SSC#932) and the Institutional Review Board of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (IRB# 4566).
Study Regions
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya (CDC-K) and KEMRI have been collaboratively conducting population-based infectious disease surveillance (PBIDS) for pneumonia, diarrhea, fever and jaundice since late 2005 in 2 regions in Kenya: Kibera, a large, informal urban settlement in Nairobi, and Lwak, a rural area in western Kenya. The study regions and surveillance methods have been described previously [21], [22]. Kibera has a population density of ∼70,000 persons/km2. Homes are single-level, built with mud, wood, and metal sheeting, chaotically scattered along unpaved roads and open sewers. A majority of men work as security guards, servants, casual laborers, or small business merchants within the city [21]. The altitude of Nairobi is approximately 1,600 meters, minimizing the likelihood for substantial transmission of malaria. Lwak has a population density of ∼325 persons/km2. Multi-family compounds are spread throughout the area, often with great distance between compounds. Residents are predominantly farmers and fishermen. Malaria is endemic. Approximately 16% of febrile patients in Kibera have malaria parasitemia (CDC-Kenya, unpublished data), whereas >50% of ILI cases in Lwak are associated with malaria-positive blood smears [23]. Temperatures are different in the two sites; Lwak is hotter and has more rainfall compared to Nairobi. The daily mean temperature in Nyanza, the province where Lwak is located, ranges from a high of 30.8°C in February to a low of 27.7°C in July. Annual rainfall is approximately 1,400 mm/year, peaking in April–May and November–December. In contrast, mean daily maximum temperature in Nairobi ranges from a high of 25.6°C in February and March to a low of 20.6°C in July. Annual rainfall in Nairobi averages approximately 1000 mm/year with peak rainfall in April–May and November–December [24].
Household Morbidity Surveillance
Approximately 28,000 and 25,000 persons participated in PBIDS in Kibera and Lwak, respectively. Community interviewers visited participating households regularly to inquire about illnesses among household members. For the household morbidity surveillance, community interviewer visits were conducted biweekly in Kibera until September 2009, when visits were increased to weekly across half of the study site. Beginning February 1, 2010, community interviewer household visits were conducted weekly across the entire study site. In Lwak, household visits were conducted biweekly until they were increased to weekly on January 4, 2010. During household visits, community interviewers asked participants if they had experienced cough, fever, diarrhea, and other symptoms since the previous visit. If the resident reported currently or previously having any symptom since the previous visit, the community interviewer collected detailed information about symptom onset and duration, measures temperature, 1-minute respiratory rate, and, among children, evaluated lower chest wall indrawing and stridor.
Clinic-Based Surveillance
Each surveillance site had 1 field clinic that provided free medical care to all study residents. In Kibera, residents could attend Tabitha Clinic, an outpatient facility owned by Carolina for Kibera (Chapel Hill, NC) and staffed and equipped by KEMRI-CDC. In Lwak, residents could attend St. Elizabeth Lwak Mission Hospital, which had inpatient and outpatient facilities. All participants lived within 1 and 5 kilometers from the clinics in Kibera and Lwak, respectively. Sick residents who visited the clinic were questioned regarding symptoms of present illness. Additionally, information about vital signs, physical exam, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome were collected along with specimens from patients meeting certain clinical criteria.
During the study period, nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected at field clinics from patients with ILI or acute lower respiratory illness (ALRI). ILI was defined as an axillary temperature ≥38°C and cough or sore throat [25]. The ALRI case definition differed by patient age. ALRI for persons aged <5 years was defined, according to the World Health Organization's Integrated Management of Childhood Illness guidelines for severe pneumonia [26], as cough or difficulty breathing, and 1 of the following symptoms: inability to drink or breastfeed, convulsions, lower chest indrawing, loss of consciousness, lethargy, vomiting, stridor, or blood oxygen saturation <90%. In persons aged ≥5 years, ALRI was defined as an axillary temperature ≥38°C or blood oxygen saturation <90%, and either cough, difficulty breathing, or chest pain. All specimens were processed at the KEMRI-CDC International Emerging Infections Program Laboratory in Nairobi. Specimens were tested for influenza A and B by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); those testing positive for influenza A were further subtyped by RT-PCR. The RT-PCR testing used the CDC pH1N1 testing protocol [27]. Specifics of the laboratory testing were described previously [28].
Patient and Case Household
A pH1N1 case was defined as any laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infection in an ILI or ALRI patient evaluated at the field clinic during August 1, 2009–February 5, 2010 in Kibera or August 1, 2009–January 20, 2010 in Lwak. The study periods were determined on the basis of available data at the time of analyses. Only patients who had a household visit ≤20 days after their symptom onset date were included in the study. Date of symptom onset was calculated by using data from the clinic questionnaire. The most common reason that patients did not have an interview in the 20 days after symptom onset was that the patient or household proxy was not at home during the community interviewer visit. In households with ≥1 laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 illness, the person with the earliest symptom onset date was considered the index patient. A case household was defined as a household with a laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 patient; a case-household person was a household contact of the pH1N1 patient.
Comparison Household
To estimate the underlying illness rate in the community, we randomly selected from the PBIDS database 4 comparison households per case household, matched by the number of children aged <5 years. Comparison households did not have laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 cases, and had to have had a household interview ≤10 days before or after the matched patient symptom onset date.
Secondary Illness
We calculated the number of ILI cases among case-household and comparison-household persons by using data from household visits. For case-household persons, we considered laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infections or episodes of ILI that occurred ≤8 days after the index patient's symptom onset date as a secondary cases. The cutoff of 8 days was determined on the basis of average duration of pH1N1 shedding in Kibera as determined in a recent study [28]. For comparison household members, a case was defined as an episode of ILI that occurred ≤8 days before the household morbidity surveillance interview date.
Statistical Analysis
We compared the sex distribution of the case and comparison households by using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) test, adjusted for the matching factor. We compared the age and family size of the 2 groups by using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched samples. We calculated the age-adjusted risk ratio (aRR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of secondary ILIs in index households in Kibera and Lwak by using log-binomial regression [29]. We calculated the risk ratio (RR) and its corresponding 95% CI of secondary ILIs among case households and cases of ILI among comparison households. We assessed the role of age in pH1N1 transmission with respect to susceptibility (e.g., getting infected) and infectiousness (e.g., ability to infect others). For susceptibility, we compared the proportion of secondary ILIs among household members aged <5 years with those aged ≥5 years by calculating RRs and corresponding 95% CIs. To determine the age group that was most infectious, we categorized pH1N1 patients into 3 age groups (<5, 5–15, and ≥15 years) and compared the proportion of secondary ILIs associated with the index pH1N1 patient among each age group by using chi-square tests.
We identified 170 laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infections in Kibera and 83 in Lwak. As presented in Figure 1, among the 170 laboratory-confirmed Kibera cases, 55 cases were excluded from the study because of missing household identification information (6); missing clinic data (6); because no household interview occurred ≤20 days after symptom onset (32); or because they were not the first laboratory-confirmed case in the household (11). Among the 83 laboratory-confirmed Lwak cases, 17 were excluded because of missing household identification information (8); because no household interview occurred ≤20 days of symptom onset (2); or because they were not the initial laboratory-confirmed case in the household (7). Therefore, we included 115 (Kibera) and 66 (Lwak) patients, in our analysis.
In Kibera, the median (range) age among patients was 7.1 (0.6–41.3) years, and 59 (51%) were female (Table 1). In Lwak, the median (range) age was 9.7 (0.2–55.9) years, and 35 (53%) were female (Table 2). The first laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infections were confirmed on August 3 and September 29, 2009, in Kibera and Lwak, respectively (Figure 2). The number of laboratory-confirmed cases in Kibera was highest in early November and decreased thereafter. Lwak's initial peak was during late November, approximately a week later than that in Kibera, and increased again at the end of December.
The x-axis indicates the sample collection date, and the y-axis indicates the number of lab-confirmed pH1N1 cases.
Case Households and Comparison Households
In Kibera, 311 (53%) and 1175 (52%) of the case household and comparison household members were female, respectively. The median (range) age was 16.6 (0.1–67.5) and 15.8 (0.04–70.2) years among case and comparison households, respectively (Table 1). In Lwak, 176 (50%) and 674 (52%) of the case and comparison household members were female, respectively. The median (range) age was 15.5 (0.1–87.5) and 16.6 (0–90.4) years, among case and comparison households, respectively (Table 2).
Proportion of Influenza-Like Illnesses Among Case Households and Comparison Households
In Lwak, 8.2% of the case household members had secondary ILI, whereas 3.3% of the comparison household members had ILI (RR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.6–4.3). In Kibera, 4.6% of the case household members had secondary ILI, whereas 2.7% of the comparison household members had ILI (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1–2.8) (Table 3). The proportion of secondary ILI cases among case households was significantly lower in Kibera compared with Lwak, (aRR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3–0.9). The mean (standard deviation) serial interval was 4.0 (1.6) and 3.2 (3.0) in Kibera and Lwak, respectively.
Secondary Influenza-Like Illness by Household Member Age
The proportion of secondary cases of ILI among case households was greater among children aged <5 years than among persons aged ≥5 years in both sites (Table 4). In Lwak, the difference was statistically significant; children aged <5 years were 3.8-fold more likely to have had a secondary case of ILI than persons aged ≥5 years (22.5% versus 5.9%; RR 95% CI, 1.9–7.5). In Kibera, children aged <5 years were 1.4-fold more likely to have had a secondary case of ILI compared with persons aged ≥5 years, but the difference was not statistically significant (6.1% versus 4.3%; RR 95% CI, 0.6–3.4).
Secondary Influenza-Like Illness by Index Patient Age
In both sites, the proportion of secondary cases of ILI differed according to the index pH1N1 patient age group, but the difference was not statistically significant in either site (P = .33 in Kibera, and P = .06 in Lwak) (Table 4). In Kibera, the proportion of secondary ILI was highest when the index patient was aged ≥15 years (6.7%, 8/120), second-highest when the index patient was aged <5 years (5.0%, 11/219), and lowest when the index patient was aged 5–15 years (3.3%, 8/245). In Lwak, the proportion of secondary ILI was highest when the index patient was aged 5–15 years (11.2%, 23/206), second-highest when the index patient was aged ≥15 years (4.8%, 4/84), and lowest when the index patient was aged <5 years (3.2%, 2/62).
To our knowledge this is the first prospective study to evaluate pH1N1 transmission dynamics in Africa. We found that households with laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 cases had a substantially higher proportion of ILI compared with households without a laboratory-confirmed case in both urban and rural Kenya.
The absolute pH1N1 secondary household attack rates (4.6% in Kibera and 8.2% in Lwak) were comparable to findings from pH1N1 transmission studies in the United States and Hong Kong [9], [10], [18]. A study conducted in Hong Kong determined a secondary illness rate for pH1N1 of 5.9% when the patients were secondary school students and secondary cases were defined as acute respiratory illness and laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 [18]. A study in the United States (Texas) found secondary attack rates of 4% for laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infection and 9% for ILI [10]. In a New York City high school, 11.3% of households with at least 1 laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 case had secondary ILI cases [9]. In contrast, a study in Quebec City, Canada, identified a much higher secondary household attack rate of 45% for laboratory-confirmed pH1N1, and 81% of households with an pH1N1 case had ≥1 secondary case [19]. Two additional studies reported higher pH1N1 secondary household attack rates than our study; a study in Edmonton, Canada reported that in 28.7% of households with a laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 patient, at least one household member developed secondary ILI, and in 22.9% of these same households, at least 2 household members developed secondary ILI [20]; and a study in Australia reported a secondary ILI rate of 33% among household contacts of laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 patients [30].
The proportion of secondary ILI cases among case households was greater in rural Lwak than in urban Kibera. This might be explained in part by lack of specificity in identifying secondary ILI cases. Malaria infections in Lwak might have contributed to the higher rate of secondary ILIs in Lwak, where malaria is endemic, compared with Kibera, where malaria is nonendemic. A recent study reported that 65.7% of ILI patients in Lwak had blood smear-positive malaria [23]. Household members with malaria who had fever and a cough or sore throat would have met our syndromic ILI case definition. In addition, other viral or bacterial causes of ILI may have varied in the two sites and could have contributed to the difference in the proportions of secondary ILIs. Antiviral medications were only used by two laboratory-confirmed cases in Kibera, and were not used in Lwak [28]. Therefore, antiviral medications were unlikely a factor in virus transmission in the two sites.
Transmission rates did not significantly differ according to the age of the patient. These findings are similar to those from a study of pH1N1 transmission in the United States conducted in the first months after pH1N1 emerged, which found that infectiousness was not associated with patient age [8]. In contrast, a household-transmission study of seasonal influenza demonstrated that household members exposed to preschool or school-aged patients had an increased risk for secondary illness compared with those exposed to adult patients [15]. These findings might have relevance for pH1N1 immunization strategies. Although a strategy to use limited resources to minimize virus transmission by targeting children might be useful for seasonal influenza based on past studies, our findings suggest that in Kenya, a pH1N1 immunization campaign initially focused on children may not disproportionately prevent pH1N1 transmission.
In the U.S. study, children were twice as susceptible to infection with pH1N1 virus, compared with adults [8]. In Kenya, the magnitude of susceptibility among children differed by population. Children aged <5 years who were contacts of laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 patients were approximately 4 times more likely to acquire secondary illness compared with older contacts in the rural site; however, susceptibility was not associated with age of contacts in the urban site. Again, this might be related to the high prevalence of malaria in Lwak. In endemic settings, malaria causes more symptomatic infections among children than among adults [31]. Therefore, in Lwak, malaria infections among children might have contributed to the number of secondary ILI cases, and therefore could have been a confounder in the susceptibility analysis.
Unlike published pH1N1 household transmission studies, our study used data from an ongoing population-based surveillance system in which study participants were recruited before the pandemic occurred. Therefore, the disease status of individuals among the households did not affect their decision to participate in this study. However, our study had certain limitations. We used self-reported ILI rather than laboratory-confirmed influenza among secondary cases to estimate transmission, and consequently might have classified illnesses caused by something other than pH1N1 as secondary pH1N1 cases, especially in malaria-endemic Lwak. Also, we might have missed secondary cases of pH1N1 that did not meet the ILI definition. However, the proportion of missed pH1N1 cases should have been similar among case households and comparison households. We may not have captured all secondary pH1N1 infections; 28% and 26% of the laboratory-confirmed cases in Kibera and Lwak, respectively, would not have met our secondary ILI definition if data from household visits were used in the case definition for patients. Our study could not distinguish secondary ILIs attributable to direct transmission from a confirmed pH1N1 patient and illnesses acquired outside the household or from a household member other than the confirmed patient. In Kibera, inter-household interactions, given the population density, likely occur much more frequently than in Lwak, and therefore in Kibera influenza transmission may occur more commonly in the community rather than in the household. Differences in social interaction and mixing have been shown to have an impact on influenza transmission in previous studies [32], and these differences may have also played a role in the transmission of pandemic influenza in Kibera and Lwak. However, we did not collect data on social interaction and mixing and therefore we were unable to evaluate these factors in the context of this study. In addition, households that had a member ill enough to seek medical treatment might have been more likely to recall illnesses among other household members than households that did not seek medical treatment. Household interviews were conducted biweekly in half of the study site in Kibera, and all of Lwak for the majority of the study period. A previous description of recall bias from these two surveillance sites found that participants' reporting of symptoms diminished significantly after 4 symptom-free days [21]. Because of the long interval between household interviews, participants might have had difficulty recalling their symptoms. However, for our study, we included ILI cases that occurred up to 8 days before the interview in comparison households and ILI that occurred up to 8 days after the patient's symptom onset in case households, regardless of when the interview occurred. Therefore, when considering the lag between symptom onset and interview, case household members might have had more difficulty recalling illness than comparison household members. Such a limitation would have biased toward the null, potentially minimizing our secondary transmission rate calculations.
We found that pH1N1 household transmission occurred in Kenya at similar rates to what has been reported in other studies in more developed countries. However, in Kenya, secondary transmission patterns differed in urban and rural environments. Children were not significantly more likely to transmit pH1N1 than older persons, a characteristic of pH1N1 transmission patterns that differed from seasonal influenza.
The authors would like to thank the clinic staff, the Household Morbidity Surveillance staff, and the data management teams in Kibera and Lwak for their hard work. The authors are also grateful to the entire KEMRI/CDC laboratory staff for their work testing specimens throughout the study. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: CK RB HN EL DF MK. Performed the experiments: LW MN. Analyzed the data: CK LC AA BA. Wrote the paper: CK MK RB DF. Substantial contribution to data acquisition: LC AA BA GB. Revised manuscript critically: HN EL LC AA BA GB LW MN.
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No amount of tinkering with the designs of Philadelphia's two proposed casinos could make them compatible with the city's new vision for the Delaware River waterfront, according to a report delivered yesterday to Mayor Nutter by PennPraxis.
Adjustments could make them fit better but not fully, said the urban design consultants affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania School of Design.
Suburban-style developments like the casinos would be "incompatible with a civic vision of a dense, walkable urban extension of Philadelphia to the river's edge," said Harris Steinberg, director of PennPraxis.


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BOISE, Idaho -- Albertson's unveiled a five-year, $2.6 billion capital expenditure plan at its annual meeting here last week that includes the opening of 295 stores. mistic about our future," said John Carley, president and chief operating officer, who laid out the plans. Carley said the company, which operates in 19 states, would continue to consider moving into additional regions, but he was short on specifics. "When the right opportunities present themselves, we'll also move into new ...
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Craveable - The Culture Craver Blog
Image: Photograph by Robert Adams at the Matthew Marks Gallery
Gallery Openings
- Bushwick Blackout at The Shirley — opening reception from 8 to 11 p.m.
- Deborah Farnault, "This Must Be the Place" at Chashama 461 Gallery — opening from 6 to 8 p.m.
Metropolitan Opera Summer HD Festival: Lincoln Center Plaza at 7:30 p.m. — Gunod's Faust
Into the Woods at the Delacorte Theater in Central Park
Hoodwinked Too: Watch this movie with your family at the NYC Parks Free Summer Movies Program — Betsy Head Memorial Playground in Brooklyn at 8 p.m.
Metropolitan Opera Summer HD Festival: Lincoln Center Plaza at 8 p.m. — Rossini's Le Comte Ory
Into the Woods (final performance of the extended run): Delacorte Theater in Central Park
High Line: check out the newest artworks at the high line with the High Line Art Map
NYC Unicycle Festival: If you're a unicycle pro — or a novice, head to Governors Island! Noon to 5 p.m. on Governors Island
Happy Feet 2: This film is part of the NYC Parks Free Summer Movies Program at St. Mary's Park, Bronx at 8 p.m.
Metropolitan Opera Summer HD Festival: Lincoln Center Plaza at 8 p.m.: Verdi's Il Trovatore
NYC Unicycle Festival: If you're a unicycle pro — or a novice, head to Governors Island! Noon to 5 p.m. on Governors Island
Brazilian Day Festival: Celebrate Brazilian Independence Day in Manhattan's Little Brazil from noon to 6 p.m., 6th Avenue and 46th Street
High Line: check out the newest artworks at the high line with the High Line Art Map
West Indian-American Day Carnival: A parade celebrating the 50th anniversary of the independence of Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago along Eastern Parkway, from Schenectady Ave. to Grand Army Plaza. The New York Daily News outlined related events throughout Labor Day Weekend.
Free Bike Holiday Monday at Governors Island: Adults and children can borrow free bikes for an hour on Governor's Island. There are plenty of art installations to see while pedaling around the island. Monday, September 3 is the final day of the excellent (and free) Graphic Design: Now in Production exhibit organized by the Cooper-Hewitt and the Walker Art Center.
Metropolitan Opera Summer HD Festival: Lincoln Center Plaza at 7:30 p.m. — Donizetti's Anna Bolena
Gallery Openings:
- Eric Yahnker, "Virgin Birth & Turf" at The Hole — opening reception 7 to 9 p.m.
- Kawauchi Hackhoh: Onward — The Calligraphic Life at Ouchi Gallery — opening reception 7 to 10 p.m.
- Yu-Yu-Ueda, "Star Gazer" at Ouchi Gallery — opening reception from 7 to 10 p.m.
Gallery Openings:
- Lu Zhengyuan: half-truth at Eli Klein Fine Art (Just think! You might see the stars of Gallery Girls!) — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Chuck Bowdish, "It's Best Not to Annoy God" at Steven Harvey Fine Art Projects — opening reception 6 to 8 p.m.
- Line Space Color Gesture at SITE/109— opening reception 6 to 9 p.m.
- Michael Brown, "OK Son!" at Mulherin Pollard Projects — opening reception 6 to 8 p.m.
- Charles Hinman at Marc Straus Gallery — opening reception 6 to 8 p.m.
- Jakob Boeskov: Weekend Futurology at Mulherin Pollard Projects — opening reception 6 to 8 p.m.
- Gerhard Friedl and Laura Horelli, "Shedding Details" at Ludlow 38 — opening reception 6 to 9 p.m.
- Tom Snelgrove, "The Symbiotic Nature of Isolation" at HERE gallery — opening reception 5 to 7 p.m.
- Jordan Eagles, "Hemofields" at Krause Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 9 p.m.
- Aggro Crag at BOSI Contemporary Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 9 p.m.
- Ritta Ikonen, "Post" at Christopher Henry Gallery — opening reception 6 to 9 p.m.
- Toxic Beauty: The Art of Frank Moore at Grey Art Gallery — opening reception 6 to 8 p.m.
Gallery Openings:
- Robert Adams, "On Any Given Day In Spring and Light Balances" at Matthew Marks Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Epiphany at Galerie Richard — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Andy Cross at Martos Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Kwang Young Chun at Hasted Kraeutler Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 9 p.m.
- Stephen Powers, "A World is Worth a Thousand Pictures" at Joshua Liner Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Carolanna Parlato, "Behind the Sun" at Elizabeth Harris Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Paved Paradise at DC Moore Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Shea Hembrey, "Dark Matters" at Bryce Wolkowitz Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Simon Starling at Casey Kaplan Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Guo Hongweli, "Painting is Collecting III" at Chambers Fine Art — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Joe Fig, "Cinematic Paintings" at Cristin Tierney Gallery — opening reception 6 to 8 p.m.
- Melanie Daniel, "Echo Shield" at Asya Geisberg Gallery — opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
- Marie Sivak, "Smoke Screen" at A.I.R. Gallery — opening reception 6 to 9 p.m.
- Sylvia Netzer, "Whorl" at A.I.R. Gallery — opening reception 6 to 9 p.m.
- Jisoo Lee, "Light and Color" at A.I.R. Gallery — opening reception 6 to 9 p.m.
- Interweave at Able Fine Art — opening reception 6 to 8 p.m.
Film Screening: Jules and Jim. See the classic film with other New Yorkers — for free! It's part of the NYC Parks Free Summer Movies Program. At Low Memorial Library at Columbia University at 8:30 p.m.
Gallery Opening: Aris Moore at Jack Hanley Gallery — Opening reception from 6 to 8 p.m.
Forbidden Planet: See the classic film at sundown at the Narrows Botanical Garden in Brooklyn (Shore Road between Bay Ridge Avenue & 72nd Street in Bay Ridge)
The first time I realized something was not quite right about the romantic comedy formula, I was leaving the AMC Times Square Theater in the spring of 2002 after seeing Spider-Man.
Beyond the action, I was taken by how interesting Peter Parker was: he was struggling to achieve his professional dreams; he had inner torment over his family and social status; and he had super powers. Peter longed for MJ, but Parker's character was interested in more than love.
For comic diehards, the first Spider-Man film was not well done, but for a neophyte like me, it was a game changer.
Peter Parker's richness and complexity highlighted how female comic heroes — in contrast — were lacking.
In her 2012 book, "Is Everyone Hanging Out Without Me (And Other Concerns)," Mindy Kaling notes that romantic comedies are just science fiction for women. Well, I have never fully escaped the sci-fi paradise of romance discovered in my youth. I grew up very happily in love with The Little Mermaid, classics like Meet Me in St. Louis, and Nora Ephron everything, bless her soul.
The female leads I grew up on were solely motivated by love. If they had a purpose separate from love, they did not toil over it. These things were never as powerful as the prince. (Even Wonder Woman, which I watched on Nick-at-Nite as a child, provided no personal story, no inner debate, no sense of purpose. Linda Carter just twirled, and I was satisfied with that. I twirled.)
I think, as a result, I live in a perpetual state of disappointment that my prince has not come.
After my encounter with Peter Parker, I was quickly obsessed with Marvel, and a little less fulfilled by romantic comedies. I began to question my film-taught lessons about life and love.
I watched Sex and the City throughout college and watched the series wrap as I relocated to New York City. In the context of Peter Parker, I slowly realized that being a Carrie meant being a hot mess.
For me, emulating Carrie increasingly meant questionable outfits, an out-of-control credit card situation, and a lot of time spent chasing the wrong guys. After a while, I grew tired of wearing ridiculous heels in nightclubs and restaurants, night after night, posing and flirting, living for the cocktail conversation that was always better than the date.
The world has changed a lot since Carrie, Samantha, Charlotte, and Miranda's swan song: the Internet gave everyone access to unlimited dates, cool women started talking about not wanting children or preferring to be single, the economy broke career dreams, startups began to bloom.
I was soon over the sauce. It seems that others were feeling the same way as well.
By the time the Sex and the City franchise started producing movies, women were catching on that it was not a great look to be a woman in her 50s still primarily chasing men and sample sales (in a tutu and stilettos).
Enter the new female lead — who for me (and for America, I think) came at exactly the right time.
First there was Tina Fey, who charmed women with the quirky, not-at-all-about-boys 2004 comedy, Mean Girls before capturing a co-ed audience through television on NBC's 30 Rock, starting in 2006. Suddenly, everyone loves the everyday girl, one who lacks in fashion, men, and luck. Cue That Girl.
The next year, thanks in part to Franklin Leonard's The Black List, a little movie by Diablo Cody — Juno — became a major success. Being a teen mom would be traditionally a very woman-targeted subject (I expect only teen girls watch MTV's Teen Mom), but the dismissal of expectation is something that is universal. Each character in Juno carries his or her imperfection and his or her adorable factor in balance, and the feelings portrayed by actress Ellen Page become those that both male and female audiences can absorb.
Last year's Bridesmaids continued this trend: everybody fell in love with this movie about women being normal (moody, insecure, silly, flawed, debauched, hysterical, not skinny, not cutesy, and not always coupled). It is like a white flag for normal women wrapped in a simple idea from two women writing a screenplay about the fact no one likes weddings including the bumbling bridal brigade. Life is painful for women too.
Meanwhile, on the Internet, Awkward Black Girl, developed by Issa Rae, became a sensation, so much that Pharrell Williams picked up the series up in its second season for his YouTube channel i Am OTHER.
And then Lena Dunham came along this year with Girls.
Suddenly, it's clear: today's girls are not the ones who I idolized and emulated growing up. They are more like Peter Parker than they are like Carrie Bradshaw. These new stories are by women, about women, and for everyone.
We all — women included — are just trying to make it through life. Today's women have too much going on to sip cocktails in over-hyped, yet well-marketed stilettos — just waiting for men. Welcome to 2012's upgraded version of Desilu: everyday entertainment with modern female-driven savvy.
This summer, the new female lead has really come into her own.
In Two Days in New York by French actress Julie Delpy, the lead character simply affirms that she is fat and a mess. We go with it, as it comes in a package of wit and charm that shines amidst the gentle force that is Chris Rock. It's a story not about finding love, but about dealing with a relationship when your family drives you crazy.
Rashida Jones' Celeste and Jesse Forever is a gentle nod to the dystopia of turning 30 and letting go of fantasy and the idea that one can achieve all the right outcomes, or even know what they are.
Both films are reassuring romantic comedies that affirm all we have to do as women is just keep plowing and try to remember to breathe, and never apologize if it is true that we are crazy.
Last week, I attended the premiere of For a Good Time, Call..., which opens tomorrow in New York City and in select theaters nationwide.
The film, written by co-star Lauren Anne Miller and executive produced by co-star Ari Graynor, is the story of two women, having suffered a (hilarious) failed first attempt at friendship, who are forced into a redo. Their relationship changes as they become roommates in a very familiar modern day New York, where the rent is too high and jobs are hard to come by, even with college degrees.
Lauren (Miller) is the well-adjusted, sensible, career-driven girl who has done everything right, while Kate (Graynor) is the passionate drifter, with no particular view of the ideal life and no concrete aspirations. Life has gone wrong for both and neither is able to catch a break.
When their misfortunes align, Lauren observes the business opportunity behind one of Kate's side hustles, working as a sex line operator.
A startup and a savvy comedy (both perfect for our era) are born.
With a strong script about keeping your head above water in today's hardscrabble New York City, the film is impossible for anyone between the ages of about 21 and 50 not to love. The directing is melodic and the story is infused with the fun of punch lines that belong in a film about phone sex.
As someone still blushes at the mention of sex, the film was wildly entertaining … and embarrassingly empowering: it was another romantic comedy that left me wanting myself and less obsessed with finding the mythicized "him."
I think that's the ultimate moral of For a Good Time, Call… and the other films in this (thankfully) blossoming category: women seeking a good time should seek their best selves.
For a Good Time, Call... Credit: Ryder Sloane/Focus Features
For a Good Time, Call... Credit: Focus Features
We are sure that the conventions in Tampa and Charlotte will satisfy most Americans' political cravings these next few weeks. But we know you're out there — the true political junkie whose political appetites cannot be satisfied by the conventions' candidates and talking heads alone. For you, we have compiled a top ten list of our favorite films focused on U.S. politics and political issues. Please let us know if your favorite is missing. There were SO many to choose from that we neglected favorites including Dave, The American President, Milk, and Thank You For Smoking. We might need to expand beyond 10...
Director Oliver Stone dared to chronicle George "Dubya," (played by Josh Brolin,) in 2008, while George W. Bush was still in office. Brolin delivers an exceptional, if overly sympathetic, view of the former president from the college parties to the Republican Party.
Also by Oliver Stone, JFK explores the events leading up to and following the assassination of the 35th president through the eyes of a New Orleans district attorney (played by Kevin Costner).
8. Nixon
Nixon is a biographical film focused on the life and politics of Richard Nixon (who is played by Anthony Hopkins). It's one of many movies focused on the controversial 37th president — and it's the third film directed by Oliver Stone to make it onto this list.
This satire is inspired by the life and politics of Bill and Hillary Clinton. It offers laughs, cringes, and insights into the workings of American politics.
6. Inside Job
This opinionated documentary analyzes the 2008 financial crisis — arguably the most relevant issue for the upcoming presidential election.
5. Food Inc.
Robert Kenner's film exposes how lobbies and politicians have their hands in America's food — exploring modern agriculture and slaughterhouse practices to show how food and politics are inextricably linked.
George Clooney directed, co-wrote, and starred in this film about the broadcast journalist who worked to bring down Red Scare Senator Joseph McCarthy.
This political thriller chronicles the Washington Post's famous investigation into the Watergate scandal, giving audiences a dose of history and a reminder of the power of the press.
2. Frost/Nixon
Another Watergate-era story, this film is based on a series of interviews between British Journalist David Frost and the disgraced President Richard Nixon. It was an excellent play on Broadway before Ron Howard turned it into a great film.
This classic comedy satirizes the trigger-happy politicians of the Cold War.
Image sources: W., JFK, Nixon, Primary Colors, Inside Job, Food Inc, Good Night, and Good Luck, All the President's Men, Frost/Nixon, Dr. Strangelove
Here's our list of fantastic free events this coming week in New York City:
- INTO THE WOODS: this runs through September 1, so it's time to get in line.
- THE METROPOLITAN OPERA'S SUMMER HD FESTIVAL: 10 operas will be screened in Lincoln Center's Plaza.
- Saturday — The Enchanted Island at 7:30 p.m.
- Sunday — Mozart's Don Giovanni at 7:30 p.m.
- Monday — Bellini's La Sonnambula at 8 p.m.
- Tuesday — Glass's Satyagraha at 7:45 p.m.
- Wednesday — Strauss's Salome at 8 p.m.
- Thursday — Rossini's La Cenerentola at 7:45 p.m.
- Friday — Gounod's Faust at 7:30 p.m.
- AFRO PUNK FEST: August 25-26 from noon to 9 p.m.. at Commodore Barry Park in Brooklyn. You'll see art, music, skate boarders, and food trucks galore.
It seems like more exhibits are opening than closing for the final weeks of August, but September is right around the corner. Here are some free options for the week ahead:
- Saturday:
- RESOUND 2 at Chashama 461 Gallery. The opening reception is August 25 from 5 to 9:30 p.m.
- LUSH at Klughaus Gallery. The opening reception is from 6 - 10 p.m.
- ABSTRACT PARTY at Local Project. The opening reception is from 6 – 9 p.m.
- Monday:
- DESTINATION: UNKNOWN at Orchard Windows Gallery. The opening reception is from 6 – 9 p.m.
- Tuesday:
- TERUYO'S WORLD: COLORS AND POWER at Ouchi Gallery in Brooklyn. The opening reception is from 7 – 10 p.m.
- MARK FLOOD: ARTSTAR at Zach Feuer Gallery
- Thursday
- ANDREW GBUR at Eleven Rivington
- Friday:
- ANIMAL HOUSE (part of the Central Park Conservancy Film Festival, which is located north of Sheep Meadow and south of the 72nd Street Cross Drive)
- CAYO (at the Queens Museum of Art, presented by NYC & Company and Rooftop Films)
- THE SMURFS (part of RiverFlicks for Kids at Pier 46 in Manhattan)
- Saturday
- CLERKS (part of the Central Park Conservancy Film Festival, which is located north of Sheep Meadow and south of the 72nd Street Cross Drive)
- Sunday
- TOUCH OF EVIL (2 p.m. on the 6th Floor of the mid-Manhattan Library as part of Mystery Summer at the New York Public Library)
- Tuesday
- YOUNG FRANKENSTEIN (part of Red Hook Flicks at Valentino Pier on the Brooklyn Waterfront)
- Wednesday
- LEMONADE JOE (pictured above, at Scorates Sculplture Park, hosted by the Czech Center)
Here's a pop quiz: what determines whether a movie released today will make a lot of money at the box office?
- The quality of the movie (as measured by the enthusiasm of reviewers)
- The number of reviews it receives (a measure of buzz)
- The number of theaters the movie appears in (both opening weekend and over the course of the movie's lifetime)
We always avoid movies that receive horrible reviews. Wouldn't you? Based on this, we'd figure that quality matters. If a movie receives horrible reviews, it should earn less.
Similarly, we would also figure that movies that receive tons of reviews should outperform those that receive only limited attention from critics.
We would also assume that the number of theaters matters: if more people across can see a movie, it will do better.
Under the legacy system established by the big movie studios, most of our assumptions — it turns out — are wrong.
We analyzed the movies released this year between May and last weekend. To measure quality, we used the movies' Culture Craver public scores. This is a measure of how positive reviews are (on a scale of 0 to 100). To measure the number of reviews, we used the number of reviews in Culture Craver. These ranged from 6 to 90. The box office figures and the number of movie theaters came from the website boxofficemojo.com.
Based on our analysis, the only factor that has any statistically significant effect on box office performance — either during the opening weekend or over the movie's lifetime in the movie theaters — was the number of theaters in which the movie appears.
The number of theaters explains about 90% of the variation in first weekend box office performance. If you look at the movie's performance over the entire time it is open in theaters, the number of theaters explains about 85% of the variation in performance.
It's clear that today the old studio distribution strategy is still critically important in determining a movie's success.
What excites us is that the world is changing. Today, we are poised to move away from the legacy system that disregards quality.
Increasingly, new distribution strategies are being adopted and people are able to watch movies in new ways (courtesy of on-demand-video, Apple, Amazon, Netflix, etc.) — and movie theaters themselves are becoming less important vehicles for distribution.
Yesterday, the Wall Street Journal's Michelle Kung wrote about the movie "Bachelorette" starring Kirsten Dunst, which debuted on video-on-demand on August 10 — about a month before it is scheduled to appear in movie theaters.
She wrote: "…in the Internet age, the system is starting to show cracks, as consumers become accustomed to making their own decisions about when, where and how to find their entertainment, rather than following aging rules that are essentially arbitrary."
At Culture Craver, we think it is inevitable that this shift away from theater distribution strategies and toward digital downloads will elevate the importance of people's opinions about movies. If people are making decisions on their own — and not having movies spoon-fed to them by their local cinemas — they will surely pick "better" films.
Likewise, we believe that word-of-mouth will begin to have a more significant impact on movies' performance. If people can see whatever movie they want, whenever they want — rather than being completely beholden to the schedules of local movie theaters — buzz from critics and friends will become increasingly important.
Our real question is how long this transition will take. We'd love to hear your thoughts and feedback.
As summer approaches its final week, Culture Craver did a quick analysis to see how the summer movies fared at the box office. Based on data from www.boxofficemojo.com, it's clear that there were a few major success stories (Avengers, Dark Knight Rises). But the majority of movies made more modest amounts of money (in the millions or tens of millions) during their opening weekends. (Opening weekend performance is VERY strongly correlated with a movie's overall performance.)
The end of summer is approaching, and so are the final performances of many great Broadway and Off-Broadway shows. Be sure to book your tickets before it's too late.
Through Sunday, September 2
Public Score on Culture Craver: 76 (based on 53 ratings)
Why to go: You'll see an award-winning show about race and real estate. (It won the 2012 Tony Award for Best Play!)
Through Sunday, September 23
Public Score on Culture Craver: 71 (based on 51 ratings)
Why to go: Audra McDonald!
Through Sunday, September 9
Public Score on Culture Craver: 85 (based on 34 ratings)
Why to go: Political drama, a starry cast, including Cybill Shepherd, John Stamos, Kristin Davis, Elizabeth Ashley, James Earl Jones, and John Larroquette
Through Saturday, September 1
Public Score on Culture Craver: 70 (based on 32 ratings)
Why to go: You'll see Sondheim's twist on our favorite classic fairytales — performed outdoors in New York City's own woods! The reviews were mixed but some truly glowed.
Through Sunday, September 2
Public Score on Culture Craver: 90 (based on 59 ratings)
Why to go: Farce (we know that you love laughing)! James Cordon — who plays the lead in this British import — is amazingly funny.
Through Sunday, September 2
Public Score on Culture Craver: 47 (based on 16 ratings)
Why to go: to indulge your secret (or not so secret) love for Harry Potter
Through Sunday, September 9
Public Score on Culture Craver: 72 (based on 39 ratings)
Why to go: When it opened in 1996, Rent won every major best musical award (Tony, New York Drama Critics Circle, Drama Desk, Outer Critics Cricle) — and the Pulitzer for Drama. And we know that you can sing along with the songs!
Through Sunday, August 26
Public Score on Culture Craver: 58 (based on 55 ratings)
Why to go: Let's be honest — who doesn't like dancing, singing nuns? Plus, remember Olivia on "The Cosby Show" and Raven of "That's So Raven"? That's Raven-Symone, who plays the lead in this crowd-pleasing musical.
Through Sunday, September 2
Public Score on Culture Craver: 70 (based on 12 ratings)
Why to go: circus, cabaret, variety, and burlesque
Through Sunday, September 2
Public Score on Culture Craver: 95 (based on 15 ratings)
Why to go: You always had an inkling that pole dancing could be respectable (as well as entertaining). This show combines elements of dance and circus.
Through Sunday, August 26
Public Score on Culture Craver: 71 (based on 25 ratings)
Why to go: multiple adaptations of Vanya have stormed New York City this year. A starry team (Annie Baker, Sam Gold) are behind this one.
Through Sunday, September 2
Public Score on Culture Craver: 55 (based on 9 ratings)
Why to go: 70 a cappella and beat box versions of Madonna, Mozart, and more
Through Sunday, September 2
Public Score on Culture Craver: 63 (based on 27 ratings)
Why to go: if you couldn't get enough gymnastics during the 2012 Summer Olympics, you'll probably love this acrobatic feat by Cirque du Soleil
The summer may be ending soon, but that doesn't mean that your favorite free cultural events are over. In fact, the iconic Shakespeare in the Park has just extended its show to September 1! Here is a list of free arts options this coming week:
Film: One of the great things about New York City summers is that many parks offer free, outdoor film screenings. There are few better ways to experience the city than watching movies with other New Yorkers surrounded by the city. Here are some options for this week:
Monday, 8/20 at 5 p.m., Bryant Park:
It's the final week of the Bryant Park Summer Film Festival! You can see RAIDERS OF THE LOST ARK.
Wednesday, 8/22 at 8:30 p.m., Hudson River Park
It's also the final week of Riverflicks. It's your chance to see the newly engaged Jennifer Aniston and other stars in HORRIBLE BOSSES.
Thursday, 8/23, with music starting at 6 p.m. and the film starting at sunset, Brooklyn Bridge Park Pier 1
Courtesy of the NYC Parks Department, you can see UNFORGIVEN beneath the Brooklyn side of the Brooklyn bridge.
Friday, 8/24 at 8:30 p.m., Hudson River Park
It's the final week of Riverflicks "Fridays for Kids" season as well. Families can see THE SMURFS.
Theater: Free summer theater is also a great way to experience culture. Here are some opportunities for this week:
Saturday, August 18, Shakespeare in the Parking Lot
This is the final performance of CORIOLANUS.
Saturday-Friday, 8/18-8/24, Central Park's Delacorte Theater
INTO THE WOODS. It was just extended through September 1, but it's still a challenge to get tickets.
Gallery openings: Gallery entry in NYC is generally free, and exhibition openings are both free and social. Here's a taste of this week's openings:
Saturday, 8/18, 1:1
Monday, 8/20, Pratt Institute: Steuben South Gallery
Tuesday, 8/21, Ouchi Gallery
YOUME: Hime-Princess (pictured above)
The New York International Fringe Festival is the biggest festival of its kind in the United States — with 187 shows in 20 theaters over only 16 days (August 10 to 26). Culture Craver's Julia Levy spoke with a selection of the creators about their shows, the "Fringe experience" — and, of course, the culture they're craving.
Sherri Barber
Director of "Men to be Feared"
The creators of "Men to be Feared," a dark fairytale by Rebecca Jane Stokes, had less than two hours in their theater before their first performance.
"It's quite refreshing," Director Sherri Barber said. "It's remarkable what you can do with boundaries when you don't see boundaries as a negative word — when figure out a way to use boundaries to your advantage to tell the story in a more unique way."
The "Men to be Feared" team filmed a prequel to the play, which was available online in the weeks before opening night to whet the appetites of the Fringe audience. Sherri said the film, covered by The New York Times, made people excited to see the actors onstage.
What's next for the show? Sherri hopes she will have the chance to do another production that allows the film and stage portions to "bleed together" as intended.
Sherri said it's word of mouth — and not reviews — that drives audiences during the Fringe Festival. She is personally excited to see "The Particulars" because she is a "big fan" of actress Ashlie Atkinson.
"To see an actor who's done so well in stage and film and come back and do a Fringe show is what it's all about," she said.
Wesley Fruge
Creator, Writer, and Director of "FriendAndy.com"
"FriendAndy.com" is a play about a viral video star that takes on some of the big questions of today's digital life: How much are you sharing online? How many friends are too many? What's appropriate to say or to watch?
"It started from a question I had one day," explained the writer and director, Wesley Fruge. "What are we missing by telling other people what we're doing in our life instead of doing it?"
Consistent with its theme, the "FriendAndy.com" team has used social media to alert potential audiences. It considered creating "tweet seats" — seats where you can live tweet a play, which have been a topic of debate in the theater community — for the performances, but decided against it.
"It's engaging in one way but in another way it's also a very disengaging method of communication," he explained. "You see something and write about it, but while you're tweeting about it you could miss something else you were supposed to see."
Despite some of the drawbacks of online communication, Wesley said Twitter is an effective way to find out about the shows at the Fringe Festival. He's excited to see "Pink Milk" (described as "a magic tragedy loosely based on the life of Alan Turing").
"I'm really excited about theater that is finding new ways to tell a story and finding new ways to connect with audiences," Wesley said. "There are quite a few shows in the Fringe Festival that are doing that."
Sarah Gitenstein
Director of "5 Lesbians Eating a Quiche"
The Fringe Festival can be "chaotic" and "stressful" for the people behind the scenes, Director Sarah Gitenstein said. There are quick tech rehearsals and only 15 minutes to set up and take down sets. But, she said, the challenge is worth it.
"The energy and enthusiasm that the Fringe audiences have for the shows is so encouraging and inspiring," she said.
"5 Lesbians Eating a Quiche" focuses on The Susan B. Anthony Society for the Sisters of Gertrude Stein. The women are having their annual quiche breakfast when communists descend on the town, giving the women the opportunity to show their true colors.
"5 Lesbians Eating a Quiche" has received a lot of attention (during its Chicago run earlier this year, in The New York Post, and in Time Out) — successfully cutting through the noise to attract audiences.
Sarah said the team has achieved its word of mouth success by focusing on the show —staying true to the story and what they rehearsed.
Asked what culture she's craving, Sarah said she's excited about the York City theater scene: "I'm really interested in seeing the new ways theater can appeal to all audiences and how different companies and productions go about drawing in those audiences."
Daniele Hager
Singer and Actress, who plays Magda in "The Hills are Alive"
"The Hills are Alive" is a parody of what happens after "The Sound of Music." Rather than Von Trapps, it tells of Von Klapps. Marta of the 1965 movie was a quiet little girl who wanted a pink parasol; in this parody, Magda (Daniele Hager) plays a leading role.
Daniele has been involved with "The Hills are Alive" since its first song, "Crochet and Quavers" was written.
"It's been incredible seeing how one song turned into a show and now we're at the Fringe," she said.


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USA Luge team thanks man who found sleds
It was a sinking feeling no doubt, the moment the USA Luge team realized its sleds were *lost* in our area, thanks to a simple mistake.
The team has its sleds back and the local man who helped to make it happen isn't walking away empty handed.
Three weeks ago, the USA Luge team was looking for future Olympians at Blue Mountain, in Palmerton, Carbon County.
Gordy Sheer, director of marketing for the team, said it was a long night of setting up.
"Worked until about 11 at night in the rain," said Sheer. "Was a little fatigued and neglected to lock the back latch on our U-Haul and the sleds fell out."
When Sheer figured out what happened, he retraced his steps and that led him to Route 248 and Airport Road.
Except the training sleds weren't there; they were already in the back of a truck.
"I passed them and I thought to myself they looked pretty neat," said Michael Miller, from Northampton. "I stopped back at the guy's house and asked him if he was getting rid of them and he said they weren't his."
So Miller picked up the sleds from the side of the road in East Allen Township and kept them in the back of his truck for six days.
"Then my buddy called me from work," added Miller. "He said the sleds on your truck, he said the cops are looking for them. Right away I thought I was going to go to jail."
Police didn't put him in jail..
They actually put him in contact with the team.
Now the five sleds -- valued at $4,000 -- are back with their owners.
"Good to set an example for the kids," said Miller. "Teach them the right thing."
"For me personally, as the person who forgot to latch the gate of the U-Haul, I feel really grateful to the Millers," said Sheer.
The team gave the Millers some team shirts, along with a lot of thanks.
They also made sure, this time, the door was locked for the trip back to Lake Placid, New York.
Copyright 2013 WFMZ. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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"I am indeed VERY happy with our order, the transaction, and the equipment in general...you guys are awesome! I will definitely recommend Kraft Music to my fellow promoters as well as colleagues in the industry whenever given the opportunity. Customer service (and friendly service) is critical in this competitive environment and you guys excel in that category with flying colors. Keep up the good work!" - Kevin, CA
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The Acoustasonic™ 15 amplifier offers portable amplification for acoustic-electric guitar and microphone. It's simple and flexible enough for a variety of musical performance or basic public address.
Features Include:
When you place an order with Kraft Music, a confirmation will be sent to you via email, with details of your order, including method of shipping. Once your order leaves our facility, you will receive a shipping confirmation via email, with carrier name and tracking number. You will also be able to find this information by logging into your account. You will need to have an account set up with Kraft Music in order to track your order (versus checking out as a guest).
***Please note, many of the products we sell are shipped in the manufacturer box. These boxes will often have images, model numbers, and other text that indicate the contents inside.
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***IMPORTANT NOTE: Please test your item before getting it fully assembled. For example, with digital pianos, unpack the keyboard portion, power it on and test all the keys. It is very rare that these items arrive with defects, but it is still a good idea to test it before spending time getting it fully assembled. Use caution when unpacking your purchase from its box, as some needed parts and pieces may be packed in and amongst the packing material. Be sure to save the carton and all packing materials, in case of a needed return. Do not write on the box and do not discard!
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I've always bought the 12 oz. bottle in the past but being I'm a labrador breeder who doesn't over bathe my dogs, I'm going to get the gallon for pricing reasons and not to run out. I was going to purchase 3 bottles of 12 oz.'s. I was trying to decide which one was ther best for my dogs when and if they have even 1 tick.
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Supporting the SFA Gateway to Success
Mission Statement
The Stephen F. Austin State University Division of Finance and Administration will promote and actively support the academic mission of the university. In association with that primary mission, the division also will actively support the student life, infrastructure and institutional needs of the university. The division will provide professional service and promote open communication in our business relationships with students, faculty, staff and external constituents. We will utilize strategic thinking and apply best practices in order to maximize productivity and efficiency. Students, faculty, staff and the general public will be accorded professional respect and courtesy. All employees in the division will exercise prudence and stewardship over the financial and physical resources of the university.
Division Values
The Division of Finance and Administration is the circuit that provides stability, energy, operational capability and maintenance to support and promote the academic mission of Stephen F. Austin State University.
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Pointer overview
Pointer is a declared like a variable, but it's not an ordinary variable, it's a fancy variable, that can store address of the another variable. Pointer is very much useful for allocating memory at run time , that's dynamic allocation. Pointers are said to "point to" the variable whose reference they store ( * - Dereference operator ).
See the Following Declarations
int *iA; // integer pointer
char *szB; // character pointer
float *fC; // floating pointer
Here iA, szB and fC are pointer variables, the variables capable of holding addresses.
Main features of pointer
int a[]={10,20,30,40,50};
int *ptr=&a[0];
ptr contains base address of array ' a '
base address points first element of an array 'a'
Pointer Supports Dynamic Memory Management
Windows "C "
Code: CPP
Code: CPP
Code: CPP
Code: CPP
Function Pointers
Pointer can also point to a function , This function have addresses .
Code: CPP
Pointer to a function with arguments .
Code: CPP
As the function has a return type it can return an int, float or any other data type. Similarly it can return a pointer .
Code: CPP
We have already seen, Pointer to int / pointer to float, can we also have pointer to an array? The answer is yes. See below.
Code: CPP
Array of Pointers
We know that array of int , array of float and so similarly array of pointers. Array of pointers contains collection of addresses. Let us consider the below example
Code: CPP
We know that pointer pointing to int / char , Similarly Pointer an point to user defined data types like structures / classes. Let us consider the below example
Code: CPP
void pointer is something like pointer pointing to nothing and is a generic pointer. It can be type casted to any other data type.
Code: CPP
const variable normally tells the compiler that you should not allow modification of a particular variable in the program.
const char *str1="James"; //String is Constant Pointer is not
char *const str2="James"; // Pointer is Constant String is not
Code: CPP
Null pointer is a pointer points to NULL that's equal to integer zero.
Code: CPP
Without initialization is better than empty initialization.
Memory Leaks
Memory leak is a big problem using pointers , But if we allocate memory for a particular structure / class / single variable, Proper memory De-allocation is necessary.
To avoid memory errors using pointers
1) Memory allocation without de allocation.
2) With out memory allocation , But de allocation.
3) Memory allocation , De allocation , But again unnecessary de allocation.
Re: Pointer overview
Offtopic comment:
I have gone through almost all your articles and I really like your articles.Good luck
Re: Pointer overview
I want to print hello world without using semicolon(;) in the program
Re: Pointer overview
Re: Pointer overview
nice info
Re: Pointer overview
can we type cast a null pointer
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- 搜索空房&房价
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The Pink Palace Hotel & HostelAgios Gordios Beach,... 9.7kmUS$20.22
Corfu BackpackersAgios Gordios Beach,... 9.9kmUS$16.85
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Olive Grove Resort
Laying amidst lush olive trees, the Olive Grove Resort is the coolest oasis under the golden Greek sun.
The Olive Grove Resort is built next to the long, sandy beach of Kavos and 5 minutes walking... 更多...
The Pink Palace Hotel & Hostel
关于 The Pink Palace
入住后,您随时都可以换到更高级的房间或者延长您的入住时间,即使您是在... 更多...
Freshly cooked breakfasts and 2 course evening meals of home cooked, traditional greek cuisine included in all of our rates. We offer Free transfers to Sunrock for most arrivals.
Guests can enjoy... 更多...
Corfu Backpackers
Angelica's Backpacker's Hostel
A small,tranquil, clean and cosy hostel run by a Greek family, offering genuine greek hospitality for backpackers as well as for couples, families and small groups. It is an excellent base from where... 更多...
Kerkyra Rooms
Welcome to Kerkyra Rooms.
If you are looking for luxurious amenities and unapproachable staff, then this is not the accommodation for you.
If on the other hand you are looking for a warm welcome, an... 更多...
Marios Studios
Family run Marios Studios consists of two buildings in a local style, surrounded by beautifully maintained gardens illuminated at night, and full of amazing flowers and trees. The owners also have ava... 更多...
Ipsos Studios and Apartments
Studio for 2 persons with kitchen, 1 bedroom and bathroom.Extra bed in studio for 2 at extra charge. Apartment for 4 persons with 2 bedrooms, kitchen and bathroom. Extra bed available at extra charge.... 更多...
Camping Village Dionysus
Camping Dionysus is situated just a short drive from Corfu town and the local airports and ferry port. Due to its central location it makes an ideal base for visiting the rest of the island, with the... 更多...
The Comfy Hostel/Studios
The Comfy Hostel/Studios is the only Arty Hostel in Corfu with different colour themes. Free WI-FI
As our Hostel is family-run, we try to offer as homely and relaxed atmosphere as possible for ever... 更多...
Villa Spiros
The 'Villa Spiros' property is beautiful located very close to the center of Paleokastritsa, only one minute walking distance to all the amenities of the area and at the same time combines the tranqui... 更多...
Villa Maddalena studios, hotel & hostel
科孚岛的旅馆,位于外贴水扬村在美丽的山谷,山脉,芬芳的松树林和令人... 更多...
Pantokrator Hotel
Pantokrator Hotel is located on the north-east coast of the corfu island, approximately 18 km from Corfu town and the international airport, next to Barbati Village, one of the most picturesque villag... 更多...
Glyfada Beach Menigos Apartments
The beautiful seaside holiday apartments are surrounded by lush vegetation and beautiful gardens, overlooking the golden sandy bay of Glyfada, one of the most sought after locations on Corfu island.
... 更多...
Rantos Apartments
Situated in a quiet area of lively Kavos in Corfu, just 100 metres from the resort centre and 200 metres from the beach, Rantos Apartments offer well-furnished, centrally located accommodation.
Our... 更多...
Faliraki Apartments Corfu
Faliraki apartments have a capacity of 2 to 4 people .They have one bedroom and a living room. They include shower bathrooms, air conditioning (available 24 hours), fridge, electric kettle, toaster, e... 更多...
Eros Hotel
The Eros Riviera Hotel is located in the southeastern part of the Corfu island in the famous fisherman village called Benitses.
We will offer you clean and cosy rooms with air conditioner, TV and f... 更多...
Villa Kapella
Villa Kapella features self-catered accommodation with balconies and nice view.
Total max. capacity: 16-18 persons
4 Studios | 1-2 Persons per Studio | 2nd Floor
- New double bed (three stud... 更多...
Anita Hotel
Anita Hotel is a family run hotel with restaurant and a pool situated just 8 km from the city of Corfu in Perama. It offers twenty rooms with comfortable beds and a modern décor. Anita hotel pr... 更多...
Andromaches Holiday Apartments
The Andromaches are beautiful self catering apartments located just 200 meters from the sea.
We are located on the road from the Achilion Palace (kaizer sissy) to Benitses, over-looking the blue... 更多...
Egrypos Pension
Egrypos Pension is perfect for a getaway from it all holiday with lovely scenery and walks all round Petriti. Fishing harbour is located only 50 meters away and our local sandy beach is also only sh... 更多...
VarVara Studios & Apartments
VarVara Studios & Apartments are family run and offer a warm welcome to everyone.
Located on the outskirts of Sidari, amongst the olive groves and mountainous scenery of Peroulades offers peac... 更多...
Aurora Beach Hotel
Aurora Hotel offers double, twin, triple and family rooms. All rooms have private bathroom and balcony with sea view or garden view.
Hotel amenities are offered for free. The hotel offers free WiF... 更多...
Hellinis Hotel
Enjoying a privileged location near Corfu Town in the most well know area of Kanoni, CNic Hellinis is one of the most known hotels on Corfu. The hotel is set on Corfu's most popular tourist hot... 更多...
Eleni Family Apartments
Family run Eleni offers a very warm welcome to all guests at Eleni Family Apartment, located on the outskirts of Sidari ensuring a quiet relaxing holiday, but close enough to the beach and resort faci... 更多...
Rio Grande Rooms
Rio Grande Rooms are family run so nothing is too much trouble and you are guaranteed to be well looked after.
This is the perfect accommodation for a budget holiday but of an excellent standard.... 更多...
Corfu' Dream Village
Corfu Dream Village is a hotel formed by nicely decorated fully-equipped apartments and studios situated at one of the most beautiful summer resorts, at Ipsos, Corfu island in Greece.
Ipsos is loca... 更多...
Lena Mare Boutique Hotel
Lena Mare Boutique Hotel is a luxury hotel in the Acharavi area on the northern section of the island of Corfu. Built in a privileged area with a splendid view and magnificent sunsets, the hotel offer... 更多...
SummerLife Studios & Apartments
SummerLife Apartments is located in Róda, on the North coast of Corfu. The property offers a garden and a snack bar with Free Wifi in public areas.
All units are air-conditioned and come wit... 更多...
Angela Hotel & Apartments
Angela Hotel offer a warm welcome to all its guests, family run their aim is to make your holiday one to remember. The hotel has 2 separeate building, the main hotel with Twin and Family Rooms and a 2... 更多...


text:
Haz dey seen da rug in da libbing room yet?
Shood... Shood I get sumone?
I... I sorry. I culdint holds it. I had a little axident, but I gon kleen it up rite now, kai?
I haz an accident wif mustard
MAN, THAT WAS AWESOME! Oooh. Doesn't look like you'll be able to do that ever again, though.


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Northwest NEWS
arch 5, 2001
Nonprofit Sector Career Fair
Idealist.org is organizing a "Nonprofit Career Fair" in Seattle on Thursday, March 8, at the University of Washington HUB Ballroom from noon to 6 p.m.
The event is hosted by the University of Washington Daniel J. Evans School of Public Affairs and cosponsored by United Way of King County, ONE/Northwest, and the Northwest Development Officers Association.
Seventy-five nonprofit organizations from the Seattle/King County area will be at this event recruiting for present and future employees, volunteers and interns.
There will be workshops throughout the day featuring experienced professionals from the local nonprofit community.
More information is available on-line at www.idealist.org or by calling the Evans School at (206) 543-4900.