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Chief's Counsel
Chief's Counsel: The Police Officer as Expert Witness
By Karen J. Kruger, Senior Assistant County Attorney, Harford County, Maryland
uring criminal and civil litigation, police officers on the witness stand are sometimes asked to offer their opinions. According to two recent state court rulings, some officers who offer opinion testimony are expert witnesses and should be presented as such.
Recent Court Rulings: Some Officer Opinion Testimony Is Expert Testimony The intermediate appellate court in Maryland recently found that a trial court committed reversible error when it admitted, in a prosecution for distribution of a controlled dangerous substance, opinion testimony of two police officers as lay opinions. The court ruled that because the officers' opinion testimony was validated by and based on their specialized knowledge, skill, training, and experience, it was more properly characterized as expert opinion testimony.
The case was Ragland v. State, a prosecution that arose from a drug surveillance operation.1 Police officers watched a suspect they knew from prior drug arrests make a telephone call from a payphone. They followed him as he drove to a nearby location, where he made another short telephone call. They continued to follow him until he stopped and made a transaction with the passenger of a yellow Cadillac that had just arrived. Neither officer was able to see either suspect or the items that had been exchanged because of darkness, but one officer saw that the Cadillac passenger was wearing a hat.
After the transaction, the officers stopped the first suspect vehicle and recovered from the driver one rock of crack cocaine. Other police officers stopped the yellow Cadillac and arrested its three occupants, including Ragland. Ragland was seated in the front passenger seat and was wearing a hat. The police searched Ragland and recovered a folding pocketknife and $59 in cash. From the car they recovered a cell phone, the records of which later documented the two telephone calls from the first suspect. They did not find any drugs in the car or on the suspects.
When one of the officers who had observed these events, Officer Bledsoe, testified at trial, the prosecutor asked about his special training in the investigation of drug crimes and inquired about his experience in the field of drug enforcement. The prosecutor then asked the officer if what he had seen "had any significance" to him, to which he answered "Yes." The prosecutor then asked the officer what he believed had occurred, at which point the defense attorney objected.
The attorney argued to the judge that the prosecution was seeking to have the officer's expert opinion admitted even though the state had not identified him as an expert in pretrial discovery. The prosecutor contended that the opinion was not an expert opinion but a lay witness opinion arising from the witness' firsthand observations.
The court agreed with the prosecutor and allowed the officer to testify: "In my opinion what occurred was a drug transaction."
The state had a second detective testify likewise, over the defense counsel's objection. Because the buyer of the cocaine proved to be an unreliable witness, the state's case rested heavily on the opinion testimony of the two officers, and Ragland was convicted of a distribution charge.
Before the appellate court, Ragland argued that when the detectives testified, they expressed expert opinions. He contended that the testimony should not have been admitted because the state had not identified the officers as experts before trial, provided the discovery required by the Maryland rules,2 or qualified them as experts at trial.
The appellate court agreed: "Where a witness has firsthand knowledge of the events that form the subject of his or her testimony, may the witness offer, as 'lay opinion testimony,' opinions formed about those events based on specialized knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education?"3
A Colorado court recently considered this issue in a case in which an officer testified about the conclusions he made after conducting an accident reconstruction investigation.4 In that case, the officer, who had not been qualified as an expert, was allowed to offer his opinion about how an automobile collision had occurred. The appellate court held that the trial court had abused its discretion in admitting the officer's expert testimony in the form of lay opinion testimony.
Similarly, the Maryland court in Ragland held that when opinion testimony is based on specialized knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education it is a form of expert testimony subject to procedural and evidentiary rules that do not apply to lay opinion testimony. As in many states, the applicable rules of procedure in Maryland and Colorado are essentially equivalent to the relevant federal court rules. Both of the state courts referred to the federal rules and commentaries in deciding their cases.
Different Rules for Expert TestimonyLay opinion testimony is admissible under Federal Rule of Evidence 701,5 while Rule 702 governs the admission of expert testimony.6 Lay opinion testimony is rationally based on the perceptions of the witness and concerns such matters as the appearance of persons or things, degrees of light or dark, estimates of weight, time, or speed, the emotional state of a person, the value of certain property, and so forth.7 These are opinions that arise from the observations a witness makes and his interpretations of those events based on common sense and experience.
Expert testimony is testimony that seeks to explain matters beyond the usual comprehension or knowledge of a typical jury. It is based on specialized knowledge, training, experience, or skills, the application of which will help the jury understand the evidence. Expert testimony is not confined to events perceived by the witness but may arise from hypothetical propositions or be based on the witness's study of the evidence provided by other witnesses in the case.8
This distinction is not always clear, and the opinions offered by police officers in criminal prosecutions and civil litigation cases may fall within both of these categories. A witness who has observed an event about which he or she intends to testify may also have opinions about the interpretation of those events. When the ability of the witness to form such opinions is because of some special training, skill, or knowledge that he possesses, a court may deem that he is actually presenting expert testimony. Although Rule 702 states that only a witness qualified as an expert may (as opposed to must) testify in the form of an opinion, other procedural and discovery rules will apply and must be followed if the witness expects to offer testimony based on his specialized knowledge.
The Colorado court noted that the application of Rule 701 to police testimony has generated much confusion and controversy.9 It is commonplace that experienced officers will offer during testimony their opinions about the meaning or significance of evidence, and that these opinions are usually viewed as being lay opinions. But the Colorado Supreme Court determined that where an officer's testimony is based "not only on her perception and observations of the crime scene but also on her specialized training or education, she must be properly qualified as an expert before offering testimony that amounts to expert testimony."10
When to Present an Officer as an Expert Witness The party presenting the witness must determine whether the witness is to be identified as an expert before trial. If the witness's personal observation will be a sufficient basis for offering a lay opinion, the party need only comply with the requirements of Rule 701. But if the witness is going to express opinions on matters that are "beyond the realm of common experience," he must be presented as an expert witness.11 If this is the case, the party presenting the witness must follow the mandates of Rule 702. This determination is critical to the proper preparation of the case, to the obligation to provide notice and pretrial discovery, and to the qualification of the witness at trial.
If an officer who is presented as a lay witness offers opinion testimony, the opposing party may object on the grounds that what is essentially expert testimony is being improperly admitted "under the guise of lay opinions."12 The admission of the testimony could be deemed improper if it tends to "subvert the disclosure and discovery requirements of [the rules of procedure] and the reliability requirements for expert testimony."13 Absent compliance with these expert testimony requirements, the procedural due process rights of the party challenging the evidence may be compromised.
Challenges to Expert TestimonyAn expert witness is also vulnerable to being challenged by the opposing party in ways that the lay witness is not, particularly in federal court. Expert testimony must meet certain rather stringent criteria of reliability and relevance and an expert must possess sufficient credentials before the court will recognize him as an expert.14
The Rule 702 requirements, in federal court and to the extent that they apply analogously in state courts, could tend to burden criminal prosecutors with a new and enhanced obligation to provide pretrial identification of expert witnesses, to disclose the substance of their anticipated testimony, and to take the time and attention to put on the record sufficient evidence of the witness' qualifications as an expert.
The requirements could also put pressure on law enforcement agencies to assign to every operation and investigation an officer who could qualify as an expert witness should the prosecution need to call one. In cases where no officer who perceived the events is qualified to offer an opinion about the events, the government may need to obtain the services of an independent expert to analyze the investigation and offer an expert opinion.
Implications for Police and ProsecutorsIt remains to be seen whether these two state court rulings indicate a trend toward treating as expert witnesses police officers who have specialized knowledge. On the one hand, stringent rules governing expert witness testimony could make criminal prosecutions more difficult.
On the other hand, treating officers as expert witnesses enhances the prestige of the profession and may ultimately strengthen particular prosecutions. And because courts allow expert witnesses to explain their opinions in court, police officers who have been qualified as expert witnesses have the opportunity during testimony to educate judges and juries about the challenges of detecting, investigating, and prosecuting crimes. ■
1 385 Md. 706, 870 A.2d 609 (2005).2 Maryland rule 4-263 requires that, upon request of the defendant, the state must allow the defense to inspect and copy all reports or statements of each expert consulted by the state. 3 870 A.2d at 615.4 People v. Stewart, 55 P.3d 107 (Colo. 2002).5 Rule 701 reads: If the witness is not testifying as an expert, the witness's testimony in the form of opinions or inferences is limited to those opinions or inferences that are (a) rationally based on the perception of the witness, (b) helpful to a clear understanding of the witness's testimony or the determination of a fact in issue, and (c) not based on scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge within the scope of Rule 702.6 Rule 702 reads: If scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge will assist the trier of fact to understand the evidence or to determine a fact in issue, a witness qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education may testify thereto in the form of an opinion or otherwise, if (1) the testimony is based upon sufficient facts or data, (2) the testimony us the product of reliable principles and methods, and (3) the witness has applied the principles and methods reliably to the facts of the case.7 Asplundh Mfg. Div. v. Benton Harbor Eng'g, 57 F.3d 1190 (3d Cir. 1995).8 See generally Karen J. Kruger, "The Role and Impact of Police Practices Experts in Litigation," The Police Chief 71 (June 2004), 48-57. 9 55 P.3d at 124; see also Mark Hansen, "Dr. Cop on the Stand," ABA Journal (May 2002).10 Id.11 870 A.2d at 617 (citations omitted).12United States v. Peoples, 250 F. 3d 630, 641 (8th Cir. 2001).13 Id.; see also United States v. Figueroa-Lopez, 125 F.3d 1241, 1246 (9th Cir. 1997).14 See generally Daubert v. Merrell-Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579 (1993).
From The Police Chief, vol. 72, no. 6, June 2005. Copyright held by the International Association of Chiefs of Police, 515 North Washington Street, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.


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Spike Lee's New Orleans-shot "Oldboy" has a new trailer. The first extended look at Lee's film -- a "reimagining" of the well-regarded 2003 Chan-wook Park revenge thriller, starring Josh Brolin in the lead role -- landed this week, as did the first poster for the film.
And although there are definite differences between Lee's English-language film and Park's Korean original -- itself based on a manga series -- the trailer suggests there are definite similarities as well. Most notably: the very twisted tone seems to have survived intact.
A hammer, for example, is violently used in a way for which it wasn't designed, as in Park's film. There's also at least a bit of that famous hallway fight scene. And, of course, the whole creepy affair is set around the decidedly dark story of a man who is imprisoned without explanation in a hotel room for years -- in this case 20 -- before being mysteriously released, launching him on a mission of discovery and revenge against whoever it was who locked him up in the first place.
Lee also appears to have included at least a couple of nods to the film's extended Louisiana shoot from fall 2012. In addition to a brief reference to the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina (which Brolin's character watches on a television in his hotel room prison), there's his character's very Louisiana name: Doucett.
The trailer is a red-band trailer, meaning it's not intended for general audiences, in this case due to language and violence -- although it falls short of "not-safe-for-work" status. Check it out at Yahoo! Movies.
The poster -- which features title wording that is reportedly in Brolin's own hand -- can be seen at right. The tagline: "Ask not why you were imprisoned. Ask why you were set free." (Click the "view full size" link for a larger view.)
Lee's "Oldboy" -- which co-stars Samuel L. Jackson, Elizabeth Olson, Sharlto Copley and Michael Imperioli -- is due in theaters Oct. 25.

subset: commoncrawl


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Accessories for CUS-SWING2
Call 800-368-9700 for pricing Color: Black
The custom designed mount is made to order with arms available with universal brackets or model-specific mounting patterns. Providing a secured installation, the panel includes keyed locking that covers all hardware and cables. Integrated cable routing hides unsightly cable clutter and prevents cable pinching. Standard color is black, but custom finishes are available.
|Weight Capacity per Mount
|175 lb.| 79.5 kg
|Number of Mounts
|Bid Specification Document 0.01 MB pdf
|Dimensional Drawing 0.55 MB pdf
|High Resoluton Image 0.2 MB jpg
Are there different colors available for this mount?
The standard color is black, but custom colors are available.


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Multi-touch remoting
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Morgan Stanley lands victory over Citigroup
Citigroup and Morgan Stanley agreed to value their Morgan Stanley Smith Barney brokerage joint venture at $13.5bn, handing a victory to Morgan Stanley following a months-long dispute.
The agreement paves the way for Morgan Stanley in coming years to take full ownership of the company at a favourable valuation, and could trigger a third-quarter writedown at Citigroup, which has carried the brokerage unit on its books at a higher value. Under the plan announced Tuesday, Morgan Stanley gets access to $48bn in deposits by 2015.
Morgan Stanley this year exercised an option to boost its stake in Morgan Stanley Smith Barney to 65% from 51%, triggering a disagreement over the price at which Citigroup would sell. Morgan Stanley argued that the purchase price be set using a $9.5bn valuation of the business, while Citigroup countered with a valuation of about $22.5bn.
"This mutually beneficial agreement gives both parties certainty and transparency on price and timing, and is a significant milestone for Morgan Stanley in the implementation of our strategy," said Morgan Stanley chief executive James Gorman.
"I am pleased we have reached agreement on a value for our remaining stake in Morgan Stanley Smith Barney. Establishing certainty regarding the divestiture of this business is in the best interests of our shareholders," said Citigroup chief executive Vikram Pandit.
The 2009 agreement creating the joint venture specified that an arbitrator be hired to settle the dispute. The arbitrator, investment bank Perella Weinberg Partners, was set to issue a ruling late last month, but that decision was delayed to Monday as the sides jockeyed over the terms of the valuation.
Both banks aggressively lobbied Perella Weinberg bankers, squabbling on topics ranging from the brokerage's capital structure to how valuable its tax benefits would be.
When Perella Weinberg gave its number to both banks Monday, the two banks ramped up efforts to finalise the price for future sales of the business from Citigroup to Morgan Stanley. Under the original plan set in 2009, the two banks were slated to renegotiate the price of each stake as Morgan Stanley's option to buy the business came due.
The zero-sum contest carried risks for both sides. While Morgan Stanley and Citigroup have both improved their capital positions in recent years, the sluggish investment banking and trading environment has hampered results at both banks, limiting flexibility and increasing regulatory scrutiny.
The deal is positive for Citigroup in that it will improve its capital position by raising cash and shedding a stake in a non-core business. Morgan Stanley Smith Barney meanwhile has been something of a headache for Morgan Stanley management. Profit margins, a high priority for Gorman, haven't met targets due to rough market conditions and delays in the integration of the two brokerage firms' technology platforms.
While margins have improved in recent quarters and revenues have proven resilient, reports have emerged in recent weeks of brokers threatening to leave over the new systems, which they say is hindering their ability to serve clients.
Morgan Stanley has said it is working to fix any technology glitches at the joint venture.
Write to Aaron Lucchetti at email@example.com
This story originally appeared in the Wall Street Journal http://on.wsj.com/TGhvUn


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|Women, Men, Girls, Boys, Petite, Tall, Infant/Baby
My name is Luz Mendoza and I am originally from Spain, from the beautiful Island of Tenerife, I moved to the UK over 17 years ago and live in London with my better half a wonderful english man and my ...
My name is Luz Mendoza and I am originally from Spain, from the beautiful Island of Tenerife, I moved to the UK over 17 years ago and live in London with my better half a wonderful english man and my three children, a boy and identical twin girls. I crochet, knit, sew, cook, bake and eat, laugh, play, hug, kiss… basically I am in love with life!
I have decided to write the crochet patterns that are mostly inspired by my kids, sometimes it is what I think they need or like and sometimes it is just a plain request!, 'mummy can you make me a…' the best part is to see their faces when I gave them something that I have made, 'mummy, you made it for me?', I love it!, I hope you enjoy my patterns to. Happy Crocheting!
A Lovely and fun crochet hat and cowl pattern convo!
This pattern came to be as part of my attempt to be ready for back to school!, every year gets me!, this time I will be armed with dozen of hats, cowls, gloves... This one is just a fun convo, my girls like to pretend to be little kittens so this one designed itself!. It is very easy and crochets very fast too!
Level: Easy - Beginners
Size newborn to 3 months (approx 14")
Size 3 - 6 months (approx 16")
Size 6 - 24 months (approx 18")
Size 3 - 10 years (approx 19")
Size teens to adult (approx 20.5")
Materials and notions: (hat and cowl)
First two sizes 50g of any worsted weight yarn, I used Ice yarns alpaca and wool mix, I do suggest not to make a cowl for the smaller babies and it could be unsafe to wear, from 3 years up, it should be okay (this is to your discretion of course)
For bigger sizes 100g - 150g for hat and cowl.
30 g of any DK cotton yarn blue, I used Wendy DK cotton yarn.
Because I am in the UK and not all the yarn weights are the same, check out this link from Vogue Knitting, I am referring in the pattern of a yarn of type 4 Medium for the hat and cowl, and 3 light for the DK yarn.
For hat and cowl size hook H (5 mm)
For the ears and nose size hook E (3.5mm)
Tapestry needle.
For giveaways, coupons and free patterns please visit my
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/LuzPatterns
Pinterest: http://www.pinterest.com/luzpatterns
Blog: http://luzpatterns.com
Thanks for visiting!
** This pattern is Copyright created and designed by Luz Patterns. This pattern may not be distributed in any form, that includes pictures text and instructions. You are welcome to sell the items that you make using the pattern, but please put a link back to my shop. Thanks.
7 stitches and 7 rows = 2 inches
350 yards of Worsted weight


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We thank Hall for pointing out survey findings that show that the public is not completely opposed to the idea of physicians' rationing at the bedside. While these polls are important, it is not clear whether patients will feel the same when they find out that their own physicians actually withheld beneficial services from them. That is an empirical question that still needs answering. Nonetheless, the time is ripe, as Hall points out, to begin a serious discussion of the ethical implications of bedside rationing rather than denying its existence. One important question is what informed consent requires physicians to tell patients when limiting therapies based on economic incentives. At a minimum, patients should be told that physicians may have more in mind than merely obtaining every possible incremental unit of benefit for the patients. Some authors, like Hall, argue that it is enough to inform patients at the time
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text: If you share the code, then yes. If you choose to share the code with the world - then I should be able to take that code - change it all or not one bit of data - lock it up, and sell it. The thing is - your free code will still be out there. Free. So I would be competing with a no-cost alternative. If I did not add something of value to it (and that value may only be in branding or advertising) - then it will not sell. That is how the free market works. If you do not choose to share the code - then I have no right to do what you claimed. Not under current law. The bogey-man of force you refer to is the desire of RMS. If you want everything to be open source, and believe anything short of your personal definition of open...er um.. "Free" ... is inherently and demonstratively EVIL - then your desire is that all software was free/open/libre.... And that would mean no programmer would have the choice to do otherwise. Call that force if you want to. His views limit choice - they, in fact, limit freedom. If he was given the power/authority to impose his views on others, consumer and programmer choice would suffer. Innovation would suffer. If you take away the incentive of money, then the motivation to work is decreased. *- Chad W. Smith* On Fri, Dec 14, 2012 at 11:29 AM, rdflowers <base at chalice.us> wrote: > Once again you invoke the very boogy-man of force that you won't defend. > > Exactly WHO does this refer to -- "But I also don't believe anyone should > have to be > >> forced to share what they've done, what they've created if they don't want >> to. ?? WHO ?? >> > > You mean you should be able to include a copy of my code in a program with > code you write, and padlock the whole thing, whether I want you to or not? > > So, if I copied something of yours, added a little, and obfuscated it, and > gave you no credit or cash -- you'd (1) not object, and (2) believe no one > should object in such a situation ??? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <http://chugalug.org/pipermail/chugalug/attachments/20121214/d8680549/attachment-0001.html>


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NOW THAT SNOOKI is engaged to Jionni LaValle, the presumed father of her baby, she can begin to concentrate on names for the little bambina/o. According to People, she's been concentrating on that for a while.
The Snooks told the mag last year that she loves the names Gia and Isabella. She told GQ she also likes Giana.
If it's a boy, however, she told People that she likes Tony and Frankie, but told GQ she might name the lad Jionni Jr.
Plot by Hitchcock
Kim Novak has clarified why she used the word "rape" to describe how she felt about the Oscar-winning best picture, "The Artist."


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Maya Angelou burst onto the Lycoming College stage dancing! It was the mid-eighties, and I was attending the writer's conference with my then-husband. The series included Marge Piercy, Judith Viorst, Alice Walker, and, of course, Maya Angelou. Even in the mid-eighties these were well-known writers, and my excitement at seeing them in person—for FREE!—knew no bounds.
Maya was the most memorable speaker, not only because she was stately, with a wonderful voice, but because she danced up to the podium instead of walking. On her website, mayaangelou.com, we can read that dancing was a very important part of her early life. I had already read I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, about her sexual abuse and her refusal to speak for years. But the Maya on stage was a jovial, fun-loving Maya. She recited for us the snappy "Health-Food Diner." Here's one stanza:
Loins of pork and chicken thighs
And standing rib, so prime,
Pork chops brown and fresh ground round
(I crave them all the time).
My husband I were sitting in the front seat, and we roared. At the end of the recitation, she pointed to us and said, "I bet you're vegetarians." We nodded "yes" and laughed again.
The whole poem is delicious. You can read it here. (You'll also find it in her book Great Food, All Day Long.)
Maya's website calls her a Global Renaissance Woman, and her biography on the site testifies to that. She is a poet, novelist, educator, historian, best-selling author, actress, playwright, civil-rights activist, producer, director . . . and dancer!
This poem is iconoclastic, according to twenty-first-century "wisdom" about nutrition. (Consider these lines: Uncooked kale and bodies frail/Are sure to make me run.) I've had this poem in my files since the mid-eighties. I found it in late January, and I do not think this was a coincidence. I found it just in time for Black History Month.


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England Beats West Indies in Rain-Shortened One-Day Cricket Game
England beat the West Indies by 114 runs in a rain-shortened one-day international cricket match at the Rose Bowl in Southampton.
Ian Bell scored 126, his second one-day century, as England reached 288-6 in its 50 overs. The opener passed a fitness test this morning after being hit in the face with the ball during practice yesterday.
An hour-long rain delay in the afternoon cut the West Indies' innings to 48 overs and reduced the target to 287 under the Duckworth-Lewis rules used for weather-shortened matches.
Tim Bresnan then took 4-34 as the visitors were bowled out for 172 with 14.2 overs remaining. Dwayne Smith, opening in place of injured Chris Gayle, top-scored for West Indies with 56.
The three-game series continues June 19 at the Oval in London before concluding three days later in Leeds. England has already won the three-Test series 2-0 and the teams will also play a Twenty20 match on June 24.


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Step into spring an adorn your nails with pastel pops of color and gold shimmery accents! Learn how to create one of our favorite nail looks for spring - Glitzy Pastels in this great DIY nail tutorial. All you'll need are the products featured below and some scotch tape!
Products featured include:
Butter London Nail Foundation Flawless Basecoat
Butter London Hardwear P.D Quick Top Coat
Runway Report - Super Straight Hair! » -
Shop Sachajuan here!
Straight isn't always the most exciting hairstyle, however the Michael Kors spring runway show proved that straight hair doesn't always have to be boring. If you incorporate deep architectural parts and super slick coiffing a straight ace mane can really compliment a girls outfit. As seen on The Zoe Report, Sachajuan's Straight and Shine Spray will 'put the finishing touch on a straight hairstyle with an all-over spritiz of this paraben free spray."
«bCREATIVE Makeup Tutorial - Smokey Eyes With Pastel Accents -
Freshen up your spring look with a focus on a smokey eye and soft, pastel accents to play up the hard/soft look that we've seen so much this season. This makeup tutorial walks you through each area, step by step!
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By Terry Ombre Blackstar Cream Eyeshadow in Paradise Island
It Cosmetics Airbrush Blush Stain Sweet Cheeks
Kevyn Aucoin Matte Lipstick in Evermore


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"Perfect Waves"
The beachy look has its place, but these flawless waves can be worn much more dressed-up. We recommend using a curling wand (those are the ones without a clamp), such as Sultra Bombshell 1" to make styling easy. Mist dry hair with a texturizing formula (we like Oribe Dry Texturizing Spray). Then wrap two-inch sections around the hot rod; curl strands only from the ears down. When you've finished, run your fingers through your hair and spritz it with shine spray.


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Announces: Self and Subject: African and Asian Perspectives
An International Conference on The Study of African and Asian Cultures in the 21st Century
Held 20th- 23rd September 2005, at Edinburgh Conference Centre, Heriot-Watt University, Scotland
There are few areas of research that have attracted so much interest in the arts and humanities as the constitution and representation of the self, whether as a unit of literary and philosophical reflection, or as embodied entity or as product and producer of cultural life. Yet with the increasing movement of people, goods and ideas within and beyond national boundaries, it is not only the identity and status of the individual subject that has been called into question but also many of the assumptions and methodologies that once characterised different disciplinary approaches to the self.
This conference invites a double questioning of the subject. It seeks to foreground recent innovative reflections on the status of the individual subject through a questioning of different disciplinary approaches. It asks how the recognition that individual lives are formed in increasingly complex "multi-cultural" and "trans-national" contexts demands new methodologies for re-thinking the subject within and across disciplinary boundaries.
Papers are invited from literary theorists, historians, anthropologists, philosophers, art historians and other specialists of Africa and Asia who have an interest in such domains as life histories, post-colonial literature, autobiography, visual representation, material culture, aesthetics, the media, ethnicity, ethnography, migration and diaspora studies, and the politics of identity.
The conference will be divided into eight panels, each of which is organised around a particular theme. In line with the theoretical aims of the conference, contributors are asked to include explicit reflection concerning their methodological assumptions and innovations, and to indicate to which panel they wish to contribute. Abstracts of not more than 300 words should be sent by email to: email@example.com by 31 December 2004.
Invited speakers to be announced shortly.
The themes of the Conference panels will be:
The conference language will be English.
The Ferguson Centre for African and Asian Studies is a research institute within The Open University, U.K. For further information on the Ferguson Centre, please visit our website above.


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Congratulations on your latest missed opportunity to fuel the economic wellbeing of Placer County, in particular North Lake Tahoe.
The awarding of a $21.3 million construction project of the renewal of the highway and sidewalks in the downtown Kings Beach area has been given to a firm in Sparks, Nevada. Not even a California company!
In addition to the project itself, the $2.4 million management contract for the project has been awarded to Colorado based CH2M Hill, Inc.
Tell me, Madam Supervisor, just why is it that out-of-state businesses are being supported over our local worker base? Is this a proper way to spend local tax dollars? This is yet another in a line of misplaced "revenue bleeding" to out-of-area businesses. Other examples include, but are not limited to:
• Tahoe City Transit Center — between $4 million and $5 million contract awarded to a Sacramento-based builder that took many months (years) to complete. How much did all those delays cost the taxpayers?
• North Lake Tahoe Resort Association — revenue of over $2 million in annual TOT marketing funds now being handled by "School of Thought," a San Francisco-based marketing firm, plus all public relations dollars contacts are awarded to "Abbi Agency powered by Boost" with offices in Las Vegas and Reno.
One wonders just who you are representing. If "lowest" bid is the driving force, may I remind you that even your own Placer County employees receive a differential if they work in the Tahoe offices.
Perhaps the same considerations should be given before awarding contracts for any Placer County Projects and TOT dollar expenditures. It really doesn't seem justifiable to send those jobs outside the local area.
Bev Bedard
Tahoe City


text:
Marine Biology
Bob Hooper is interested in marine benthic community ecology. Recent research includes study of marine environmental impact effects on benthic plants and animals, sea urchin ecology and aquaculture, snow crab biology, and seaweed ecology. Bob has been developing our teaching and research programs in marine biology at the Bonne Bay Biology Station.
Address at Bonne Bay:
Bonne Bay Biology Station, PO Box 69, Norris Point, NF A0K 3V0
Telephone in St. JohnÂ's 709 864 7494 fax: 709 864 3018
Telephone in Bonne Bay 709 458 2550 fax 709 458 2605
Hooper, R. G. (1999). Seaweed aquaculture potential in Newfoundland – Habitat quality and suitable native species. Bulletin of the Aquaculture Association of Canada 99-1: 27-30.
Khan, R. A., Hooper, R. G. 2000 Decontamination of winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) following chronic exposure to effluent from a pulp and paper mill. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 38: 197-201.


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MMAF Exclusive Interview: Anthony Leone
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Join Date: Oct 2009
Location: UK... Where the sun never shines.
Posts: 11,474
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MMAF Exclusive Interview: Anthony Leone
Welcome to the 2nd in a series of exclusive MMA Forum Interviews with Profesional MMA fighters from around the world. Our very own El Bresko, Met up with Bellator's
Anthony Leone
for a quick chat. Here's the scoop:
What is your toughest fight ever?
out of the fights I have won, it would be Tateki Matzuda, I was fighting for the XCFL title, it was the first time i made it down to BW and it was a 5 round fight, the first two rounds I really beat him up, but he's this tough Japanese guy who just wouldn't stop, he wouldn't quit and he came back really strong in the 3rd and 4th round, it was so close entering the 5th. It was a great fight.
Is there any fighter who's style you try to emulate?
I like to take bits and pieces out of many fighter's games. There is a lot of fighters that I try to emulate, like whoever has the best GnP, standup, movement, range. Out of everybody that is a champion I like to take the best part of their games to turn myself into the complete package.
From a fan's perspective, who is your favourite fighter?
Anderson Silva is definitely one of them, I'm a huge fan of BJ Penn, Jon Jones because you never really know what is going to happen or what he's going to throw, Jose Aldo, i'm a huge fan of Jose Aldo.
You went and trained with BJ in Hawaii, what was that experience like for you?
That was amazing, it was my starting point in MMA, I had zero fights, I was a white belt, I didn't really know anything. It was awesome, I learnt so much training with him. He is a great fighter to learn from.
What is your stance on TRT?
A lot of the guys that are on TRT are a lot older than me, I'm only 25, the majority of them are in their mid to late 30s. Training all of those years is gruelling and it takes a lot out of you, I know that when i'm at the end of my training sessions I am so tired and sore, so I don't know what the older guys go through before they make the decision to take TRT.
What do you think is the best base for an MMA fighter and why?
Wrestling, I think, it's hard to get the motivation to wrestle because it's such a difficult and gruelling sport, but it gives you the ability to choose where the fight takes place so for that reason it is the best base for a fighter.
What are the best and worst things about being a high level pro MMA fighter?
The worst is that you don't get to fight as often as when you are just starting out, you can't just always take fights on short notice, your manager can't call you and be like "oh do you want to fight next weekend?", It was always really exciting when that happened but as you get to a higher level it doesn't happen as much.
The best thing about being an MMA fighter is reaching your goals, we all come into this sport because we want to be the best, and to do that we have to fight the best guys in the world, it's exactly what I want to do.
How old were you when you began MMA?
I was 20 when I flew out to Hawaii and I had my first pro fight at 21.
If you were to give a young kid, just starting out in MMA one piece of advice, what would it be?
Don't worry about anybody else, don't worry about other fighters and how fast they make it to the big shows, just keep on training as hard as you can and focusing on yourself, If this is what you want to do, then go at it 100% and don't let anybody stop you.
Is there any room for fear in the mind of a professional fighter?
Everytime I get in the cage I am scared, every fighter feels fear but you have to learn to channel that emotion into a positive force for you and once you are able to do that things will be a lot better.
What are your Thoughts on WMMA?
It's cool, man. If women want to fight then that's awesome to me. I don't watch a lot of WMMA but I have seen a lot of Ronda Rousey, she's finished all her fights, she's aggressive, mean and I am kind of scared of her. She's my favourite probably.
What is your Fondest fight memory?
Probably the first UFC that I ever saw, me and my brother Andrew were watching and it was Matt Hughes V Royce Gracie. that was the first UFC I saw,
I thought "oh shit, this is crazy", it was an awesome fight.
Is there anybody at BW that you wouldn't want to fight?
I've already fought the guy who's supposed to be the best in the world, so no, whoever wants to fight.. I can't wait.
What is the Worst part about prepping for a fight?
The weight cutting, weigh cutting sucks, I don't like to diet either.
What weight do you walk around at?
160lbs, I did the JiuJitsu worlds at 74kg and I only just made weight, it was hard for me to get that heavy.
What is your Pre fight meal?
It takes me like 3 hours before I can even eat anything after the weight cut but I like to eat spaghetti, i'm Italian, I love spaghetti. I want chicken, I want steak, but the first thing I eat after the cut is ice cream.
If you could fight any person Alive or dead, who would it be?
Abraham Lincoln, man, he wrestled, he's huge. Let's do it.
With your last two victories coming via close split decision, do you feel the pressure to win your next fight in more convincing fashion?
Yeah of course, I want to finish every fight
What can the fans expect to see from Anthony Leone in 2013?
Bellator 135lb Tournament Season 9, i'll be competing in that.
Is there anybody you'd like to thank or give a shout out to?
A big shoutout to Grips, Bombsquad and PTT.
A massive thanks to Anthony for taking the time to speak to MMAF and we wish him all the very best for the upcoming Bellator Tournament.
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Browsing College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources (MU) by Title
Now showing items 2008-2027 of 2405
Now showing items 2008-2027 of 2405
|S-RNase proteins: functional studies of the 120kDa glycoprotein and SRNase oligomerization
|The Santaniello Theorem of Irreversible Benefits
|Satisfaction across a multi-day outdoor recreation event
|Scale and stability analysis of selected atmospheric blocking events
|Scale and Transaction Costs in the U.S. Biopower Industry
|Science and Technology in World Agriculture: Narratives and Discourses
|Science Outreach and Informal Science Education-Programs and Partnerships [abstract]
|Scientists vs. journalists?: obligations, risks and benefits of communicating science to the public
|The seasonal occurrence, soil distribution and flight characteristics of Curculio sayi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in mid-Missouri
|Seasonal variation in nutrient availability and uptake by oak saplings following four nitrogen treatments on Missouri River floodplain
|Second-Generation GMOs: Where to from Here?
|Secretory phospholipase A2-IIA in Alzheimer's disease and inflammatory responses in astrocytes
|Seed protein, oil, and yield of soybean genotypes with high and normal oleic acid concentration
|Selection for placental efficiency in swine
|Self-Aligned Microchip Device for Automated Measurement of Quantal Exocytosis [abstract]
|Self-perceptions of leadership held by upper classmen in two Missouri FFA chapters: a collective case study
|The semiaquatic heteroptera (Gerromorpha) of Thailand: faunistics, biogeography and phylogeography
|Seminis Vegetable Seeds
|Sending Messages Nobody Wants to Hear: A Primer in Risk Communication
|Sensory analysis of low fat strawberry ice creams prepared with different flavor chemicals and fat mimetics


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[Previous] | [Session 10] | [Next]
R. C. Nichol (Carnegie Mellon University), A. Melott (University of Kansas), C. J. Miller (University of Maine)
We examine the relationship between X-ray and optical luminosities of two distinct cluster catalogs. The first catalog, from Abell, Corwin, and Olowin (1989) was created by the visual examination of photographic plates and is subject to human biases. The second catalog, the Edinburgh-Durham Cluster Catalog was created in a more objective manner using an automated cluster-finding algorithm. We find that the total optical luminosity is proportional to the total X-ray luminosity for both catalogs. Our results suggest that (1) The selection method of galaxy clusters may not be at all crucial, providing wider lattitude in assembling catalogs (2) The optical luminosity per baryon does not vary systematically between systems ranging from groups to very rich clusters.


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In this seminar we will propose ways of exploring queer "Asia" and queer
"Africa" that not only subvert the dominance of white queer culture, but
which also examine the inter-Asian and inter-African dimensions of queer
globalizations that have been neglected by scholars. Using theatre and
performance as our guiding scenarios, we discourage the reduction of "global
queering" to a unidirectional process of Westernization or Americanization,
and seek an active engagement in the queer cultural resources circulating
within Asia, Africa, and their diasporas. We are reintroducing a discussion
of neoliberalism and US/European cultural hegemony in a literature that
presupposes and ignores it. But we also seek to expand the critical
parameters of such binaries as "East/West" and "North/South" to include
circuits of mobility within the "East" and/or "South," and forces other than
neoliberalism, that effect the inter-Asian and inter-African circulation of
queer cultures.
We seek proposals that explore the following:
While all disciplinary and epistemic approaches are welcome, we are
particularly interested in those that deal critically with the intersection
of globalization, queer, feminist, diaspora, and area studies. Suggestions
of related topics are welcome, and we encourage scholars from Africa and
Asia to submit proposals. Essays should be of conference paper length, 10-12
Please submit a 250 to 500 word abstract (attached or pasted in an email) by
June 30 to:
Eng-Beng Lim, firstname.lastname@example.com
AND Tavia Nyong'o firstname.lastname@example.com
If email is not available, hard-copy submissions, also due by June 30, 2004,
may be made to:
Eng-Beng Lim
11343 Bunche Hall, Box 951487, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1487.
and Tavia Nyong'o at the enclosed address.
*PLEASE NOTE: Participants are required to become ASTR members
and Tavia Nyong'o at the enclosed address.
*PLEASE NOTE: Participants are required to become ASTR members


text:
Blue Man Group plays 2 shows in Erie next week
"Breaking Bad" is over and done, so what's next? How about Breaking Blue? Innovative performance trio Blue Man Group will bring its theater show to Erie's Warner Theatre for two shows next week. Expect to be enthralled, entertained and laugh your head off, too.
For more on Blue Man Group, see Thursday's Showcase in the Erie Times-News or visit www.GoErie.com/showcase.


text:
On Apr 25, 9:14*am, guillaume.br...@gmail.com wrote:
> Hello,
> I want to define a security token in the the IP header option to get
> Layer 3 authentication. But do this option will be dropped by
> "internet" routers ?
> Or is there a "official" option defined in RFC, not "router dropable"
> to store authentication informations in IP header ?
Unfortunately, many firewalls drop options generally, or drop packets
with any option they don't recognize (and approve of).


text:
Site Search
This site is for your information only and should not be considered as medical advice. It is reproduced and published so that you can broaden your health education and options. Please consult your physician before considering any therapy.
Where should I locate my Ozone Sauna and Oxygen Concentrator in my home?
Message: 9
Date: Tue, 16 Sep 2003 15:46:09 EDT
From: email@example.com
Subject: Location of sauna in home...
Saul and others,
I have my sauna in my living room right now. After each sauna, the house smells strongly of ozone. It sometimes makes me cough. I know its not a really big deal to breath such a low concentration of ozone...but I was wondering what others' solutions to this problem are? Keep it in a guest bedroom or something? Also, does the excess ozone in the air damage any household items?
Dear Bryan,
A living room is not ideal. A spare bedroom is best. An open window while you sauna, with a fan blowing escaped ozone out the window works well.
Ozone will damage anything with rubber belts: cassette descks, DVD decks, VCRs, computer CD-ROM trays; etc. To be safe, move this out of the spare room. TVs are ok, unless they are combo units with a VCR at the bottom. Speakers are ok, so run long speaker wire leads into the room. Lamp cord is good speaker wire, and cheap.
Best of health!
Dr. Saul Pressman
Message: 1
Date: Thu, 18 Sep 2003 17:27:03 -0400
From: "Carlos LeClair" c.leclair2@...
Subject: Re: Location of sauna in home...
I have my sauna located in a separate small building/shed in my backyard that is well ventilated with two always-open windows on opposite sides of the room. It is a good idea to keep the ozone sauna well away from rubber. Rubber oxidizes rapidly in ordinary air and much faster in the presence of ozone. Anything containing a compressor will have rubber feet under the compressor. If the compressor is at floor level it will get a maximum dosage of ozone since ozone is heavier than air. The oxygen concentrator and your refrigerator and freezer have compressors that should be kept well away from the sauna. I have a small fan blowing air from an open window three feet away --- blowing fresh air across my face while I am in the sauna. I keep the oxygen concentrator in the garage and pipe the oxygen from there to the building out back where I have the sauna --- oxygen tubing threaded inside PVC pipe that is buried under ground. I would suggest that you have the O2 concentrator at least in a separate room and high on a shelf if. I would air out the house after each sauna if had to keep the sauna in the livingroom. And I would use a dehumidifier in the house to take the moisture out of the house caused by the sauna, to avoid mold development. The dehumidifier probably also has a compressor. Maybe a small shed out back is the easiest way to go?
Message: 1
Date: Thu, 18 Sep 2003 21:47:57 -0700
From: Sherri Lee s-lp@...
Subject: location of sauna in the home
Hi Bryan,
I have my sauna in a spare bedroom that I have converted to my spa room. In it is the sauna.. a tv, a stereo, lamps, the concentrator, the generator, a fan and a chair. There is one window which is open wide in the summer and mostly closed in the winter. The only thing I have noticed is that the stereo, which is a small ghetto blaster doesn't work on the tape deck anymore.. which is no problem cause I always use CD's.
There is a concern about the ozone eating anything rubber.. so you need to keep rubber away or as far away as you can. My concentrator is in a closet in that room and has been working for almost 2 years now and it was a reconditioned one, cause you know the manufacturers wife doesn't get the newest equipment:)
I don't worry about mold from the moisture, because ozone will make that impossible, just like you won't grow mold in your sauna.
I wouldn't worry about the location too much except to think of your own personal preferences and uses in your home. It might be inconvenient to have it in the living room if you live with people who don't want to see you streaking out of the sauna afterwards you know?
Need safe and natural health products?
Message: 2
Date: Thu, 11 Mar 2004 18:41:32 +0100
From: Juan Diaz argonaut@...
Subject: Re: Concentrator in a closet
Saul wrote :
> We have found that putting the concentrator in a closet works fine."
What is exactly meant by the word "closet"?
Like a closet where you have your clothes...
would it be able to "breathe" there?
Can this closet be in the same room as where the ozone is put out in the air?
Bests regards,
Dear Juan,
Yes, a clothes closet, in the same room as the ozone sauna is in. Just leave the door open a few inches, and it will be fine. The closet will get quite warm from the heat generated by the compressor, which is ok, because that drops the relative humidity.
Best of health!
Dr. Saul Pressman
Join our mailing list and learn about ozone therapy at:
Conditions Center
Doctors & Clinics
Politics & Law
Cleanses & Supplements


text:
As graduation and summer internship season approach, you may be considering unpaid options more seriously if you're still looking for an internship or job.
On the surface, this seems like an easy one, supported by straightforward logic:
- Banks and other financial services firms are hurting due to the recession.
- Therefore, they don't want to pay anyone very much – or anything at all – to work for them.
- So if you ask for pay, you may not get interviews or offers…
- But if you offer to do it for free, they'll be a lot more receptive!
After all, who wouldn't want to give up some short-term earnings if it ensured long-term success?
One small problem: the logic above is 100% flawed.
It's usually a bad idea to propose an unpaid work arrangement – except for a few specific instances, which we'll get into below.
"Your Logic Is Flawed!"
The logic above assumes that firms are not hiring because they can't afford it (see statement 2).
But with the way the market is right now, most firms are not hiring because they don't have enough work to go around.
It doesn't matter whether they pay you $10,000 or they pay $0: if they don't have any work for you to do, you're still "costing" them (just in time rather than money).
There are some exceptions: Restructuring groups and hybrid consulting/banking firms focused on turnarounds are relatively "hot," and most PE firms and banks still hire a minimum number of interns and entry-level Analysts/Associates each year.
Funds of funds and tiny startups that have sprung up recently (many of them formed by ex-bulge bracket guys) are also looking for people, though in many cases more so at the VP/MD-level than at the Analyst/Associate level.
But aside from the tiniest of boutiques, your salary or requested salary makes almost no difference in whether or not they'll consider you.
And by "boutiques" I don't mean Lazard or Evercore – I mean extremely tiny firms with 3-4 guys max, because they'll care about even small expenses.
But Will It Work for You?
Offering to work for free is most appropriate if you're an undergraduate or a recent graduate. If you're any older than that, you'll look a bit desperate immediately asking for an unpaid opportunity.
Yes, everyone knows the market is awful, there are no jobs, and that you would take whatever you could get right now – but no, you still shouldn't openly admit any of this.
So if you're in an MBA program or you've been laid off recently – or you've been working for awhile – I would not recommend leading your call or email by saying, "I'll work for free!"
If whomever you're calling happens to raise it as an "objection" (e.g. "We can't afford anyone right now") then it might make sense to offer a rebuttal (e.g. "What about an unpaid experience?").
But you should wait until they actually raise an objection before you make your "counter-proposal."
This strategy will not work very well if you're more experienced – most firms don't like to take experienced people on for free, just due to legal/HR reasons and general principle.
But if you are targeting somewhere truly tiny, it can work… one MBA-level reader last year actually got an internship at a start-up prop trading firm using this strategy.
Strategies for Undergraduates
If you're younger and want to use this strategy, I would state this upfront ("I wanted to ask about unpaid summer intern openings…") only if you're going for the tiny, no-name, 3-4 person firms.
Even most "boutique," middle-market, and other, smaller banks have formal recruiting processes in place and will not be receptive to this approach – so I'd save it for an objection rebuttal if it comes up.
Other Tactics
If you've already spoken with firms and tried to propose unpaid internships with no success, what else can you do?
Talk to Places That Already Have Standard, Unpaid Internships
Plenty of firms actually have a culture of taking on unpaid interns, whether during the school year or in the summer.
Rather than trying to pitch yourself to a bank that doesn't actually want unpaid help, why not try these places first?
One that comes to mind in the SF Bay Area is FT Partners; and there are other regional boutiques that like free labor, often found through university organizations and business frats.
If you ask around within business frats and other groups you can find a lot of information on other tiny firms in your area that do this.
Go Into Finance Industries That Are Known for Not Actually Paying People
The most obvious example: prop trading firms, especially small ones, are known for paying extremely low (or non-existent) salaries and only giving you a percentage of your P&L as pay.
Not all companies do this, obviously, but it's far more common in the world of prop trading than it is with investment banks and PE firms.
So if you went to a tiny, no-name trading firm they might just assume that you're willing to work for no salary, on a 100%-commission basis.
That's not great for you, but at least it gives you the possibility of making money – as opposed to a real "unpaid" internship where you'll just get experience and contacts.
Related Finance Jobs
If you can get something that's finance-related but not directly in banking/PE/investing of any kind, there are 2 advantages:
- You are more likely to actually get paid… and therefore stay afloat for awhile longer if that's a major concern.
- You're more likely to actually get a job or internship in the first place – especially if you target firms that are not used to receiving cold calls and cold emails from random, well-qualified, and well-spoken strangers.
Lateraling from this type of role into banking is 100% dependent on the market, which no one can predict. But doing something is a better choice than going for banks that just aren't hiring right now.
The Non-Profit Angle
Another approach: if you can afford to work for free for a summer or for an extended period of time, apply to non-profits or similar organizations that have some relevance to finance.
Well, unlike most "normal" companies, pretty much any non-profit in existence would love to have additional free labor at their disposal.
On paper, it might not seem too relevant to finance – so you'll have to spin it appropriately and focus on the "business results" of what you did, whether that was getting additional donors, raising money, or recruiting.
Also (and this is something I've only seen mentioned once elsewhere), there's actually increased M&A activity among non-profits, because they are strapped for cash.
If you could work at one that was in the midst of some type of deal, you could use that experience to look like you did something finance-related and tell a good story about your interest.
The Unpaid Conundrum
So, should you offer to work for free if you can't find anything that pays you?
Only if you're a student or recent graduate, or you're going for a truly tiny startup firm (or maybe a non-profit).
Otherwise it will just backfire on you, especially if you're not a college student.
P.S. We got lots of great networking questions earlier this week – we collected them all and will be answering as many as possible in our live discussion next week.


text:
Lord of the Rings Online The Riddle-GameEdit This Entry
|The Riddle-Game
|Starts at NPC
|Bilbo Baggins
|Related Objects
|Starts in Zones
|Related Mobs
|Bilbo has asked you to help out in a riddle-game he is playing with Lindir: I often hold your hand, But I have no hands wherewith to hold. I often sleep in summer, But I do my best when it grows cold. I often lose my mate, But I feel no sorrow, if truth be told.
|SPOILER: The Work-Gloves that you need are on the table at the Stables in Imladris.
|Map of Rivendell Click an Icon to Link
|Riddle <2008-05-11 04:20:09>
|Elessar <Guest>
|It has to be a Glove.. But where can i find i glove to bring as proof?
|Riddle <2008-05-11 17:10:47>
|Elessar <Guest>
|The Glove is on a table at the stables in Imladris.
|<2008-05-22 15:34:07>
|I got this quest at level 30.
|<2008-07-02 12:22:18>
|Guest <Guest>
|They could've made this quest much cooler by adding a bit more logic to it. It took me little time to think of a glove, but how does one think of going to the STABLES? If I need gloves, I go to an outfitter or perhaps a light armor smith. I even bought a pair before discovering work gloves in the stables.
|<2008-08-17 04:01:07>
|And it is pretty small item to notice, even if you scanned whole Rivendell looking for glove... Totally disappointed in this one :(
|Riddle <2008-12-21 02:58:59>
|Blac Haze <Guest>
|Im guessing they thought that we would have noticed the gloves if we ever came by horse
|Riddle <2009-03-31 04:35:07>
|Well it did say mate but I would have thought more of a horse if they said Mare.


text:
Quality Education in the Benedictine Tradition
Dr. Robert M. Friedlander, professor and chairman of the department of neurological surgery and UPMC Endowed Professor of Neurosurgery and Neurobiology at UPMC Presbyterian, will give a talk at 7 p.m. Monday, November 7 in the ongoing Herbert W. Boyer School of Natural Sciences, Mathematics, and Computing Lecture Series in the Dr. Frank J. Luparello Lecture Hall in the Sis and Herman Dupré Science Pavilion at Saint Vincent College. His topic is "Role of Death Cell Pathways in Neurologic Diseases and a Career as a Physician Scientist." Admission is free and open to the public. Dr. Friedlander attended Brandeis University where he earned both bachelors and masters degrees in biochemistry. He attended Harvard Medical School and completed his neurosurgery training at the Massachusetts General Hospital (1991-1998). Prior to joining the University of Pittsburgh, Dr. Friedlander was professor of neurosurgery at Harvard Medical School and vice-chairman of neurosurgery and associate director of cerebrovascular surgery at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. As a sign of his prominence as a clinician and scientist, Dr. Friedlander, is one of a very select group of authors to have been invited by the New England Journal of Medicine to write both a basic science review (mechanisms of neuronal cell death), as well as a clinical review (management of AVMs). Clinically, Dr. Friedlander focuses on the operative management of complex cerebrovascular disorders and brain tumors. Dr. Friedlander's major research interests lie in the study of the mechanistic pathways of the caspase apoptosis gene family. His work includes the evaluation and the development of treatment strategies for neurodegenerative diseases (Huntington's and ALS), stroke, brain trauma, and spinal cord injury through the modulation of the caspase-family apoptotic pathways. Dr. Friedlander's research has received significant media attention including major work published in Nature, Science, and Nature Medicine. His work has also been recognized through many academic awards, including the Neurosurgery Resident Award from the Congress of Neurological Surgeons, the Bayer Cerebrovascular Award from the Joint Section of Cerebrovascular Surgery, the International Charcot Prize for Motor Neuron Diseases, and the Award from the Academy of Neurological Surgeons. In 2006, he was elected as a member of the prestigious America Society for Clinical Investigation. Dr. Friedlander currently serves on the National Advisory Council of the National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Photo: Dr. Robert M. Friedlander


text:
Over 18,000 sq. feet sloping lot with view of Kingston.
4 bedroom, 4 bathroom charming bungalow family home with self contained 1 bedroom cottage, located on approx. 1 acre of lush land space with large entertainment area and a gazebo. "Private Treaty Listing".
15,000 sq. ft of mostly level lot with breath taking views of city and mountains in the cool climes of Old Stony Hill. This lot already has a driveway and is easily buildable. A true bargain. Owner willing to work with buyer
Nice Country side house in quiet community in Stoney Hill
This large 6 bedrooms 2 bathrooms house sits on a large well fruited lot. The property is very spacious inside with large bedrooms, helpers quarters and bathroom. The utility area is large providing ample space for other uses. There is also an area that can be converted into a large den. The fruit trees are mangoes, ackee, breadfruit, bananas. The carport and large verandah are fully grilled. This property is located in the inner section of Havendale in close proximity to Belgrade.
This cozy 4 bedroom, 4 bathroom three storey house is nestled in the cool hills of Aston Ridge, Stony Hill. It is ideally suited for that homeowner seeking space, serenity, clean, crisp, cool air, lush vegetation and aweinspiring views from most angles. It includes a basement, which has its own entrance and private patio, which can be used as a helper's quarters or as a self contained flat. The main entrance floor has a full bathroom and a large room making it ideal for use as an additional bedroom. The room could also be used as an officedenentertainment area as it opens into a cozy patio overlooking parts of St Andrew. The property has several fruit trees and with further terracing the full potential of the 1.1 acre of land can be realized. Call today for an appointment!
The single bungalow type residence is disposed over a gross floor area of approximately 73.6 sq meters with accommodation comprising of front and back patio, combined with living and dining room, three bedrooms, two bathrooms, kitchen with top and bottom cabinetry, helper's quarters and a double concrete wash tub. The property is fully grilled and has 650 gallon water tank. The site is rectangular in shape, flat with free drained and is fully enclosed with a combination of reinforced concrete block walls and chained linked fencing. The front is concrete paved with a double swing metal entrance gate hinged on concrete columns. To the rear there is a storeroom disposed over a gross floor area of approx. 308 sq.ft with slab roof, concrete floor and board windows. The property has fruit tree crops,such as mangoes and oranges
Coreville Gardens located on the Washington Boulevard presents you with this great opportunity for owning your own home. This two bedroom townhouse with separate living and dining areas as well as enclosed laundry area is ideal for the busy family.
Extended townhouse in a quiet complex off the main thoroughfare yet close to Manor Park, shopping and schools. This is a spacious townhouse in a secure complex with a large grilled in back patio. Guest bedroommotherinlaw suite on the ground floor. Master bedroom has an attached study and two bathrooms. Suitable for a large family. Pool and 24 hour security provided.
Welcome to Valhalla. Translated from the mythological age which is defined as a majestic and magical heaven where divine souls of mythological heroes gathered. Valhalla will be 66 studio apartments cloistered on 2.1 lushly landscaped acres and to include 105 parking provisions set in the central and enviable location of Graham Heights in Upper St. Andrew. Choose among 6 superbly laid out functional floor plans that will each include interior fixtures and fittings with designer appeal throughout, gated main entry as well as additional security at each apartment block, generator for common area as well as option to hook up to your individual apartment, communal pool, and reserve water. Come discover the unmatched value that the Valhalla community will boast. Appreciation awaits. Completion Summer 2016


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blankNiel Loebig
Coaches Corner with head football coach Jerry Schmitt and Ryan Gavatorta
Coach Schmitt takes some time out to discuss the teams expectations in the final game against Wagner
Dukes Conclude 2012 Season at Wagner
Pivotal game in NEC title picture to kick off at Noon
Football Completes Home Schedule vs. Albany on Saturday
Final home game for 16 DU seniors
Dukes Return Home to Face Sacred Heart
Nine-game home win streak on line against resurgent Pioneers
Dukes comeback falls short in 38-31 loss at CCSU
Defeat snaps DU's NEC win streak at seven
Niel Loebig, who served on Duquesne's coaching staff from 2006 through 2010, returns to the Bluff as passing game coordinator and receivers coach.
Loebig spent last season as quarterbacks coach and offensive coordinator at Lely High School in Naples, Fla. after he and his family briefly relocated to the Sunshine State.
Loebig, who has helped two former DU quarterbacks to NCAA FCS top 15 pass efficiency ratings (Scott Knapp 5th in 2006 and Kevin Rombach 13th in 2007), served a quarterbacks coach from 2006-09. He added the title of passing game coordinator prior to the 2009 season as was named offensive coordinator in 2010.
One of a select group of players at all NCAA levels to throw for over 10,000 yards and 100 touchdowns, Loebig led the Dukes to four consecutive MAAC titles, (2001-04) and a I-AA Mid-Major National Championship in 2003. He is the only Duquesne four-time first team All-MAAC player and only player in school history to throw for over 2,000 yards and 20 touchdowns in four seasons.
After finishing at Duquesne, Loebig entertained offers from arenafootball2 teams prior to going into private business with his family and eventually into coaching.
Loebig, 30, who received his degree in education in 2005, is married former DU soccer letterman Lindsay O'Connell. They have a son, Beckham Brees Loebig, who was born in April.


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Star Tracks: Monday, May 16, 2016
42 years, 2,191 covers and 55,436 stories from PEOPLE magazine's history for you to enjoy
Oct 05, 1981
Vol. 16 No. 14
October 05, 1981
Cover Story
Pg. 94
Read It
Five Families Recount the Horror All Parents Fear—a Child Who Vanishes
Pg. 30
On D-Day at Diablo Canyon, It Was Jackson Browne If by Land and Robert Blake If by Sea
Pg. 36
Simon & Garfunkel Bridge Their Troubles to Benefit Central Park—and 500,000 Fans
Pg. 38
Johnny Unitas Gets Thrown for a Loss by the N.F.L.
Pg. 40
Sterling Seagrave Stirs a Grim New Debate Over Biochemical Warfare
Pg. 43
Studio 54 Swings Again and So Does Former Owner Steve Rubell—Sort of
Pg. 53
Dr. Richard Mahler Tests a Promising New Weapon in the Battle Against Diabetes
Pg. 57
Ann Jillian Finally Can't Kick—Her Showbiz Career Is More Than 'Making a Living'
Pg. 63
The Mother of 'All My Children,' Agnes Nixon, Gives Birth to a Prime-Time Irish 'Roots'
Pg. 71
The House of the Two Gablers Helps Decide What Johnny Can't Read in Texas Schools
Pg. 86
With Strings Attached, the Juilliard Quartet Wishes Itself a Happy 35th Birthday
Pg. 92
Rosella Shapiro Declares War on Muggers with Designs to Hide Savings for a Rainy Day
Pg. 100
His Prices Are Sky High, but Decorator Carleton Varney Lights Up His Clients' Lives
Pg. 105
Classroom Innovator Ron Jones Has Made a Career of Grappling with Challenges Others Shirk
Pg. 111
Fleetwood Mac's Stevie Nicks Tries on a New Hat: Going Solo
Pg. 117
Also In This Issue
Pg. 4
Pg. 120
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The NFL's offseason essentially started this morning with three days of negotiations allowed with all free-agents-to-be and any interested teams. This comes before the official Free Agency period that begins at 1pm PT this Tuesday, which is when agreements can actually be put to paper and signed.
Both of the Raiders high profile free agent prospects, OT Jared Veldheer and DE Lamarr Houston, remain unsigned by the team. There is no indication that either is close to a deal at the time of writing, although events often move quickly in the NFL.
In the next three days, both players will get a better idea of their value as teams sift through all of the free agents and discuss numbers with their agents.
But this does not mean that either of both will be signed by other teams. Many players test the open market and find the team they are comfortable with and the town they call home are offering approximately the same deal as other teams and they re-sign with their home team, knowing they are earning their fair market value.
In fact, some teams consider free agency not as an adversarial development but, conversely, as a benefit to both the player and the team. Baltimore, specifically, frequently uses free agency to help set the value of their players' contracts.
Ozzie Newsome, the Ravens' long-time GM, is a former NFL player as is Raiders' GM Reggie McKenzie. This being the case, both men have a somewhat unique understanding of what motivates players and how to talk with the men who put their body on the line for the game every week.
Newsome explains to prospective free agents that he wants them back but instead of building up free agency as a "if you don't sign with us now, you're gone," he takes the teeth out of the situation by telling the player how it's a positive for both of the team and the player.
Newsome will typically start the conversation something like this: "You deserve to see what you're worth," Newsome will say to players that are going to hit the market, "but we want you back if we can. You're going to get an idea of what you're worth and all I ask is that you give us an opportunity to match it before you sign with another team."
This is a brilliant strategy. In essence, not only does he set a positive tone for the player to go to the open market without any rancor the player may feel about not being re-signed. If the player finds out from multiple teams that he's worth less than he thought, he can come back to Baltimore and re-sign with his pride intact.
The benefit for the team is also that other teams set the terms of the contract. Newsome doesn't have to exert as much of his effort with these players, knowing he can piggy-back a bit on the work of the other teams with the players' agent.
Instead, he can reach out to players on other teams. If he finds a player that he thinks fits better or comes at a better price, he can decline to match his players' contract and the team benefits by getting the best priced and fitting player.
The Raiders have let two of their best players to hit free agency, in large part, because the players think they are worth more than McKenzie is willing to pay at this time. The free agency window will help them both determine the players' value and a contract can always be agreed upon a little later when both parties have better value information.


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The Ritz Theatre is to be turned into a comedy club at 7:30 p.m. Sept. 8 when the "Nobodies of Comedy" tour returns with a new lineup of little-known comedians. Touring since 2002, the show is produced by Michael Mills of Mills Entertainment, who selects comedians for the annual tour based solely on their talent.
"The result," says Mills, "is an incredible night of hilarious comedy."
The Tiffin performance is to include Matt Bergman, Phil Hanley, Erin Jackson and Andy Pitz. Although not household names, these young comics are seasoned performers chosen to appeal to adult audiences.
Article Photos
Andy Pitz
The Advertiser-Tribune was able to talk with Andy Pitz about his segment of the show.
Fact Box
If you go
Tickets for "Nobodies of Comedy" range from $10 to $25. They are available at The Ritz box office, 30 S. Washington St., Tiffin, online at www.ritztheatre.org or by calling (419) 448-8544.
"Nobodies" is scheduled for a second show Jan. 26 at The Ritz.
A performer for more than 20 years, his material and delivery has landed him spots on "The Late Show with David Letterman" and "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson." He has appeared at comedy venues large and small, with nearly 100-percent clean material. Any insults usually are directed at himself.
He is a featured performer on XM/ Sirius satellite radio's clean comedy station.
"I've been all over Ohio - Youngstown, Cleveland, Painesville, Columbus. "Four years ago, I did an audience warm-up job for the Ohio state lottery," Pitz said.
A native of Westchester County, N.Y., Pitz attended the State University of New York at Cortland. He and his wife, a journalist, lived in Brooklyn for 12 years. They have a 5-month-old daughter. Whenever the couple wants to avoid certain people or events, the baby is "a built-in excuse" for just staying home.
"It's our first child, and she's great," Pitz said.
While still in grade school, Pitz became interested in comedy, even though he was just memorizing material by Bill Cosby, George Carlin and Rodney Dangerfield.
Pitz learned the routines from his dad's comedy records and enjoyed the "big laughs" he got by imitating them. He did not yet understand the elements of humor or consider the possibility of a career in comedy. In high school, he started to "get it" and practiced on his classmates.
"Somebody took a picture of me at my lunch table. I was a junior in high school. ... and everybody is looking at me and laughing. I used to do impressions of my teachers and anything I could do to get attention," Pitz said.
Early in his career, he enjoyed the party atmosphere at the comedy clubs and college shows. When he started doing corporate events, Pitz had to omit swearing. He found that adult topics could be covered without profanity, and people were willing to pay more for a routine without four-letter words.
"I could make more in one show for a corporate entity than I could for a whole weekend in a club," Pitz said.
That is even more important now that he is a dad. He wants to spend more time at home and not worry about what he says around his daughter.
Unlike some comedians who only have "dirty" material to offer, Pitz said he still can do uncensored shows when the opportunity arises.
At a casino in Reno, Pitz said he recalled doing an uncensored show without knowing the audience would be mostly elderly. He worried about offending some of the retirees. After the show, he talked with some of the patrons and apologized for the language.
Pitz was relieved to learn they were not embarrassed by the words or the content.
"This old guy, about 80 years old, said 'I've seen everything.'... It was a good lesson," Pitz said.
He promised no swearing for his program at The Ritz.
"All of my favorite material now just happens to be clean," Pitz said. "I do a lot of jokes about technology - computers, cell phones, Internet and things like that."
A tech company in Massachusetts saw his clips online and invited him to open a three-day conference.
Another time, Pitz came up with a program of "foot jokes" to entertain more than 700 podiatrists at an awards ceremony. Pitz said people at such gatherings need to know he is a comedian so they can be receptive to him.
That is not an issue at a comedy club, where people know what goes on there.
"If it's a surprise, and you're not famous, people just think it's a weird show," Pitz said.
To illustrate his point, he described a gig at an onsite meeting for a group of employees of a daycare franchise. They had been told the meeting was mandatory, but not what it was about. The audience was anticipating pink slips, not a comedy show. They were "petrified" he was the "corporate hatchet man."
"Everybody thought there was going to be layoffs. You should have seen the look on these people's faces," Pitz said. "I wish I would have known that before I went on. ... People had no idea what was happening."
Matt Bergman
Matt Bergman has been performing at clubs and colleges since he was in college pursuing a degree in criminal justice. After graduating, he realized he was afraid of criminals and decided stand-up comedy was the way to go.
He has been the opening act for bigger names such as Dave Attell, Jeffrey Ross, Bill Burr and Jon Lovitz.
Recently, Bergman was asked to open for Mike Birbiglia on a leg of a Comedy Central Live Tour, which included stops in South Carolina, North Carolina and Virginia. Since then, he has toured non-stop across the United States and Canada and recently filmed his first comedy special for Bite TV in Toronto last year.
In 2011, his first comedy CD/DVD was released on Good Charamel Records.
He is particularly known for a sarcastic style and absurd observations.
Phil Hanley
Having started standup comedy by performing at open mics around Vancouver, Phil Hanley discovered and honed his blend of material and crowd interaction - aiming to make no two of his performances the same.
Hanley's style is rooted in joke-telling. His performances at the 2008 Just For Laughs Festival in Montreal brought him acclaim. He also was named one of the Top 5 comics at the festival by The Hollywood Reporter and landed a segment on "The Tonight Show with Jay Leno."
Hanley's other credits include appearances at the Halifax Comedy Festival, Global's Vancouver International Comedy Fest, CBC and XFM satellite radio and his own television special on the CTV and Comedy Network.
In 2007, he was named the winner of Vancouver's funniest comic competition.
One of Hanley's most cherished accomplishments is being a credited screenwriter for Don Knotts' final film project.
Erin Jackson
Since first making a name for herself at colleges and East Coast comedy clubs, Erin Jackson has garnered attention with performances on "The Ellen DeGeneres Show" and Comedy Central's "Live at Gotham."
She also was a semi-finalist on NBC's "Last Comic Standing" and was a featured writer and performer for TBS's "Bitcom Series."
Jackson has made several appearances on "The Bob and Tom Show." She opened for Bill Maher at tapings for his latest HBO special and recently served as the warm-up comedian for BET's "Black Girls Rock! Awards" show.
She has appeared on "Byron Allen's Comedy TV" and can be seen in her own IFC "Comedy Moment Moment."


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New FDA labeling to help make it clearer
Sunscreens have long been touted for their anti aging and help in preventing skin cancer. However, only within the last several years have sunscreens been updated to block both UVA and UVB sunlight.
In order to make it clearer for consumers the FDA has updated its labeling of all sunscrren products.
Products which are called "broad spectrum" will protect against all UVA and UVB sunrays. Currently in the US there are only 2 agents which block UVA which are either zinc oxide or avobenzone. However, look for more UVA blocking ingredients coming in upcoming products to a shelf near you.
In addition, products which are listed as sweat or water proof must be specific to let you know how long the water will maintain an spf protection for when actually wet after standard testing. SPF 50 plus will be the highest issued SPF as SPF 70,80,90, and 100 are phased out. This is in part because there is little difference in sun protection between SPF 50 and SPF 100.
Let's hope that spring is upon us soon and that there is good reason to lather up the right BROAD SPECTRUM sunscreen.
Smart phones misdiagnose skin cancer
Smart phones seem able to do everything: accounting, banking, camera, and now diagnosing medical conditions. There are several smart phone apps which claim to be able to diagnose skin cancer. Unfortunately, a recent study has shown that these apps may not be accurate and may in fact be dangerous. The smart phone skin cancer apps work by using an algorithm which on image analysis. The best of these apps was able to accurately diagnose skin cancer 30% of the time. The danger in such an app is that patient's can get lulled into a false sense of security and avoid seeing the doctor.
So if you are using a medical app, know that you are using it for supplemental information and not to replace your doctor.
Botox has earned a reputation for being a miracle... and it is. But is real or fake?
The FDA just released a statement warning patients that unlicensed Botox is being shipped by suppliers owned by a pharmacy called Canada Drugs. Some practices save money on the real deal wrinkle fighter by shipping in Canadian botox. Since there are issues with Botox regulation the FDA is alerting doctors about "unapproved medications, including unapproved version of Botox." The agency even listed the doctors' names and locations of those practices who may have purchased unlicensed Botox.
According to the ASPS, over 5.5 million people were injected with Botox last year, making it the most popular cosmetic treatment in America. At an average cost ranging from $200 to $600 per treatment, Botox is now making cosmetic surgery more and more affordable. However, some people try to make a further profit on botox by using products which are not authenticate.
Well then what is REAL Botox?
There are several companies which distribute botulinum toxin for injections for the face. Allergan is the company that distributes the most Botox Cosmetic in the United States. Botox Cosmetic is also known under chemical name OnabotulinumtoxinA and is produced from the botulinum toxin which will freeze or paralyze facial muscles to reduce wrinkles. All Botox produced by Allergan is distributed in secure packaging and all the bottles have a 3D hologram on the label. However, sophisticated knock offs have been produced that mimic the packaging so closely that a normal person would not be able to tell the difference just by viewing the labels.
You should find your doctor or practice on the official website for Botox: www.botoxcosmetic.com. For example, Dr. Shah purchases his Botox straight from Allergan and has a premiere partnership with them. If your physician who injects you with botulinum toxin is not on the website, ask them why they are not listed and where they purchase it from. You may not like the answer--
While there are other botulinum toxin products that are on the market that are somewhat similar to Botox, they are not generally the source of stories about "fake Botox" that appear in the news. These alternatives are Dysport and Xeomin. Both of these Chicago injectables are produced by reputable pharmaceutical companies. Highly regarded physicians often use these products in their office to reduce wrinkles and will advertise them under the correct name brand and not misrepresent them as Botox.
How to avoid getting "fake" Botox?
As a general rule, it is always good to see the bottle or the container from which someone is injecting you. However, selecting a physician who is shown on a company's website is another way to help determine this.
Botox is an excellent product to reduce the appearance of wrinkles and even help prevent wrinkles while the drug is active. The results will often last for 4 to 6 months at a time to provide a younger look and when injected with authenticate botox, may provide a highly favorable safety profile.
Once a year, we have that Hallmark holiday that is dedicated to that special "someone" in your life. Not saying that long-stem roses aren't wonderful, along with chocolates and a romantic dinner. Those are all greatclassic Valentine's Day gifts! Why not give a gift that lasts a little longer than a week?There is a special promotion during February only that Dr. Shah's is proud to announce!
A Radiesse dermal filler wrinkle treatment. Buy 1 Get 1 Free.
The benefit of this promotion is that you can be creative. I am getting some filler and would like for you to join me. This promotion is specific and specially designed for Dr. Shah's office from the manufacturer, Merz. Radiesse is a filler which can make a face look younger in the office in 15 minutes. You can literally soften lines and add volume to your face quickly, safely and effectively. Radiesse can last a long time, usually more than a year.
Any laser hair removal treatment for $100!
Nothing says I love you like lasering your back for your significant other. Whether it's your legs or that underarm hair you hate, come in for a painless hair removal treatment. Keep in mind that most laser hair treatments require a series so start now to be hairless by summer.
We also have gift certificates available. So, if you have something in mind for you or your loved one and aren't sure really what they would like, just give them a beauty gift card instead!


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Skills Information:
Torrent: Using his unparalleded knowledge of the sea. Kunkka is able to summon a blast of water at
a targeted area. After 2 seconds a fierce torrent of water errupts from the ground, the stream
blasting enemies caught in the AoE into the sky, dealing damage and slowing moment
speed by 30%
Level 1 - 120 damage, last 1 seconds.
Level 1 - 180 damage, last 2 seconds.
Level 1 - 240 damage, last 3 seconds.
Level 1 - 300 damage, last 4 seconds.
Cooldown: 12 seconds
Manacost: 120 mana
Tidebringer: Kunkka's legendary sword Tidebringer is infused with the very power of the sea.
Akin to the ebb and flow, Tidebringer passively grantsďż˝ the hero increased
damage and large AoE cleave for a single strike every once in awhile.
Level 1 - +15 damage, 16 second cooldown, 380 AoE
Level 1 - +30 damage, 12 second cooldown, 420 AoE
Level 1 - +45 damage, 8 second cooldown, 460 AoE
Level 1 - +60 damage, 4 second cooldown, 500 AoE
X Marks: In order to make an assembly for his troops, Admiral Proudmore targets a hero and marks
its current position on the ground. After a few seconds, the hero will instantly return to the mark.
Level 1 - 1 seconds, 500 cast range
Level 1 - 2 seconds, 650 cast range
Level 1 - 3 seconds, 800 cast range
Level 1 - 4 seconds, 950 cast range
Cooldown: 30 seconds
Manacost: 80/90/100/110 mana
Ghost Ship: The admiral summons the mystical ghost ship S.S CoCo to the battlefield. Allies are doused
in captain CoCo's Rum, inebriating them for 10% bounus moment speed and nombness to
incoming damagem causing them to feel only half of the pain now and half after the Rum wear
off. Enemies, pirates and scurvy knaves are dashed on the rocks for damage and brief stun
when the ship crashes.
Level 1 - CoCo's Rum Last 5 seconds, 300 crash damage.
Level 2 - CoCo's Rum Last 6 seconds, 400 crash damage.
Level 3 - CoCo's Rum Last 7 seconds, 500 crash damage.
Cooldown: 100 seconds
Manacost: 150/200/250 mana
Skill build:
Level 1 - Tidefinder Level 1
Level 2 - Torrent Level 1
Level 3 - Tidefinder Level 2
Level 4 - Torrent Level 2
Level 5 - Tidefinder Level 3
Level 6 - GhostShip Level 1
Level 7 - Tidefinder Level 4
Level 8 - Torrent Level 3
Level 9 - Torrent Level 4
Level 10 - X Mark Level 1
Level 11 - GostShip Level 2
Level 12 - X Mark Level 2
Level 13 - X Mark Level 3
Level 14 - X Mark Level 4
Level 15 - Stats
Level 16 - GhostShip Level 3
Level 17 - Stats
Level 18 - Stats
Level 19 - Stats
Level 20 - Stats
Level 21 - Stats
Level 22 - Stats
Level 23 - Stats
Level 24 - Stats
Level 25 - Stats
Skill Tips:
When you get X Mark lvl 3 or lvl 4 you should X Mark a target and right after put a torrent on the
X symbol. Try to recall the target right after the torrent exploade.
Ghost ship a hard to hit, you should stay out of vision from the enemy, start with torrent then
right after Ghost Ship.
You can use Ghost ship to escape, just cast it infront of your moving direction, the enmey might run
into the ship when it crash or else you will get a bonus moment speed.
Item build:
Start items: 2x Circlet of nobility.
2x Tangos = 6 tangos.
1x Clarity potion.
As soon as you get 875gold go buy ring of health and when you get another 875gold buy
void stone to combine it into Preseverance.
This way you can stay in lane and farm as much as you want, if you dont get ganked.
If you are still in lane and dont have chick, buy blades of attack in secret shop
(if you are in top/bot lane)
Buy boots and chainmail, combine it into Phase boots (Boots,Chainmail,blades of attack)
If you havent combine your Circlet of nobility to bracers yet do it next.
Next up is to combine your Presevernce to Battle fury, You need Claymore and broadsword.
Battle fury boost your damage and gives your even more cleave damage. It helps you farm even
Next part is tricky, you can choice item here depents on what heroes you face,
Black king bar: Is one alternative, It boost your Str a damage and gives you avatar skill.
This item is good if your enemyes have alot of disables.
Heart of Tarrasque: Boost your hp and str alot and your hp regen with 1%
This way you can survive most thing and tank for your team.
Buriza: This item boost your damage alot and gives you Critical strike.
I think its the best Damage boost item for Kunkka.
Ok next step, if you didnt make buriza, you should get it now instead.
If you took buriza you should go for Assualt Curiass. This item boost
your and your teamates attack speed. Makes you a killing machine.
If you have come so far and you need more items, you should get Heart of Tarrasque
or Satanic.
Usefull infomation: Try to have atleast one scroll of townportal in your inventory.
This is one of the important thing.
Your teamates need your assist more then you think.
Kunkka is a what i call "allround hero"
He got disables and alot of damage
That makes him "Carry/tank/disable"
Daelin Proudmoore the Admiral
Author: Mantar
Map Vers.: x.xx
Kunkka guide
Allaround game Kunkka
Last Comment:01/01/2011
Total Votes: 31
Current Rating: 3.86
Views: 20193