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Sunday, The Beginning of the End for Internet Radio
Tuan Nguyen
July 13, 2007 4:24 PM
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Increased royalty fees may force some internet radio stations to shut down
Over the last year, the online music industry has been in what many call as a major shakeup. Music artists and labels represented by SoundExchange say they are being treated unfairly, receiving less than a fair amount of money being generated by online radio stations. SoundExchange has been lobbying Congress over the last year to force online radio stations to pay for or pay higher royalties for songs played.
Working closely with Congress, SoundExchange has
successfully convinced the industry that increased royalties are a necessity
. The D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals has declined to put a stop on increased royalties. This Sunday, Internet radio stations will be slapped with a bill forcing them to pay higher royalties going forward and
pay for music aired in 2006
. By 2010, royalty rates will nearly triple what stations currently pay. Stations will also incur an annual fee of $500, but
the annual fee hasn't been fully worked out
. SoundExchange is unsure if it wants stations to pay $500 per station or per channel.
"This is just about the artists getting paid fairly. Artists and labels just want a fair share of the pie," said Richard Ades, a SoundExchange representative.
Late last month, many online stations banded together for a single day of silence,
marking their stance against SoundExchange and its demands
. Called "Day of Silence," the move created public awareness about how damaging the new proposed royalties could be. Despite the demonstration, SoundExchange chief executive John Simson said, the "rates are fair."
Tim Westergren, founder of Pandora, one of the largest Internet radio companies, said, although his company is able to pay for the new royalties he and his company would not go down without a fight. Pandora along with Yahoo, Rhapsody and Live365 represent the four largest Internet radio companies today. Whether large or small, all types of broadcasters will be affected. SoundExchange said it has taken this into account. Small and non-profit broadcasters will have a royalty cap of $50,000 per year -- still a very large amount.
"Nobody wins when Internet radio gets shut down, including artists who ostensibly are being represented by SoundExchange, the organization pushing for high rates. It's ironic. If SoundExchange gets their way, it means less money for musicians because people will cease to pay royalties all together," Westergren said.
Even with the cap, small broadcasters are still in distress. Michael Clark, owner of two small stations said that after Sunday, he would owe roughly $14,000 USD just for the holiday season of 2007. As for all the music that his station broadcasted during the 2006 year, Clark will owe $8000 on Sunday. One of Clark's stations already closed down because of the new changes and he was unsure of what to do after Sunday, he said.
Jake Sommers, owner of a similarly small station that plays jazz faced similar decisions and consequently closed down his station. Jazzplayradio.com closed on April 30th of this year when Sommers realized he would have to pay $2000 per month to keep his station of 20,000 listeners afloat.
"We never made a dime. It was a labor of love. Everything we made we put right back into radio station. It was a bunch of trumpet geeks playing music for other trumpet geeks," Sommers said.
As Patty Smyth once sang, "sometimes love just ain't enough."
remember me
This article is over a month old, voting and posting comments is disabled
RE: Many of you are TOTALLY incorrect on the rates
well, i'm not going to respond to most of your post because its just rant, but a few points...
You know nothing about statistics.
"Sampling rate" is completely irrelevant. The only thing that matters is sample size. To say that 3000 cannot "speak" for 57 million just shows your willful ignorance.
Yes, 3000 can "speak" for 57 million. Its not "my problem," its statistics. Its like I've told you the sky is blue and you say its not. It doesn't matter what you believe, its math.
As for your example with the exit polls with Bush, the percentages did not say that Bush would lose... why? Because of the margin of error. When a poll says Bush 45% and Kerry 47% with a 3% margin of error... that poll doesn't say anything. Bush or Kerry might actually be ahead because of the error margin involved. Now, if a poll said Bush 38% and Kerry 51% with a 2% margin of error that would be a different story.
we have no idea who they questioned. Was it a few retirement homes? The elderly? I do not trust polls if they can't verify the information and none of you should.
If you had read the whole article you'd know it was done by random telephone calls.
From the website:
*Sample = 3000 consumers 12+
Methodology: Random digit dial telephone interviews, one person per household.
Again, you don't know because you are willfully ignorant. Yet, you arrogantly tell the rest of us what to do.
Must be nice to be so above everyone else
Not everyone, just
I do NOT mock the uneducated or uniformed. I DO mock those that claim as definitive a fact when they are wrong, especially in the case of willful/intentional ignorance. It is not just your stupidity, but your unjustified arrogance that earned you an intellectual thrashing by my hand.
Raised, respond, if you wish to placate your decimated ego. But, I don't really care, you've proven yourself to be an pathetic child who invents what he does not care to learn. Anyone who listens to you at this point deserves to be misinformed. I am finished with you.
"Paying an extra $500 for a computer in this environment -- same piece of hardware -- paying $500 more to get a logo on it? I think that's a more challenging proposition for the average person than it used to be." -- Steve Ballmer
Related Articles
Internet Honors "Day of Silence" to Save Online Radio
June 27, 2007, 2:17 PM
Live365 Latest Organization Requesting Stay on Royalty Increase
June 2, 2007, 12:01 PM
SoundExchange Forces Webcasters to Pay Royalties
March 6, 2007, 7:59 AM
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Incredibly shitty internets. Like trying to play an MMORPG over Dial-Up. Yeah, that bad.
Holy fuck, these shiternets suck. My torrent is getting like, 2 kbps. Fuck this. I might as well tether from my iPhone. My FIRST GEN iPhone.
by Stropko June 02, 2010
Trending Now
Can you define these popular missing words?
Top Definition
When you have a shitty internet connection. Mostly occurs at Lycoming college.
-Dude why is youtube not loading? I wanna show you this video.
- Sorry man we have shiternet here at school. Sucks...
- Sorry man we have shiternet here at school. Sucks...
by metalmilitia1 January 12, 2010
When the quality of ones internet connection is terribad.
Person 1: Why you got so much lag today...
Person 2: It's my Shiternet
Person 2: It's my Shiternet
by Pope Barry XVII October 02, 2007
A crappy internet connection, slow, bad, faulty, inconsistent, etc.
Man that guy keeps disconnecting and has such slow downloads, the shiternet is obviously there
by Teh_Muffinatorz December 03, 2009
When you have the shittiest internet possible
Matt: Why is it taking so long to download this damn file
Jerry: Sorry man, I have shiternet.
Matt: Oh, right.
Jerry: Sorry man, I have shiternet.
Matt: Oh, right.
by Shitty Internet August 05, 2014
Internet service that is below 2mps
Paul - "Did you watch Game of Thrones last night"
Dave - "No, it kept glitching because of my Shiternet!"
Dave - "No, it kept glitching because of my Shiternet!"
by Tee Roy Boogie Town Browne April 21, 2015
Really bad or slow internet.
That guy has Shiternet or His Shiternet made him lose the game.
by Mr Popolis April 07, 2015

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Privacy and security are among the top concerns for businesses. MangoApps addresses these critical needs by ensuring compliance with internal and external regulations, hosting in world class data centers, employing 256-bit AES encryption, and offering more advanced security options than any other social software provider.
This is your company's social intranet, not ours. Add company logos to give your users a look and feel for your company.
Configure your dashboard with the things you use most, and place them where you want. End users can change this via drag and drop options at any time.
Start a discussion or ask a question and receive immediate feedback. You'll soon find you are connecting with colleagues you never knew before.
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Replace your internal emails with private messages in MangoApps. With private messages, you don't have to worry about file size attachment restrictions or forgetting to "reply all". In addition, messages are automatically threaded for easy reading.
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Integrate your home built applications, or point solutions, into the MangoApps suite. API support is available to connect any web service together to give you a "single pane of glass" into the organization.


text:
Camilla Simon
Program Associate, Environment Program
Before joining the Environment Program as a Program Associate, Camilla Simon worked for Burr, Pilger & Mayer LLP as an administrative assistant in assurance, where she spearheaded a green initiative and developed the framework for implementing environmentally-friendly practices in each of their four Bay Area offices. Previously, she lived in Portland, Oregon and taught dance classes for Portland Parks & Recreation's Arts Center and was a site director at the YMCA's before- and after-school day care program. Camilla holds a B.A. in Creative Writing and Literature from Pacific University.


text:
This is a brilliant piece about Xmas excess, the good side.
This is a much more serious and chiding piece about Xmas excess ($$$), the shopping phase of which, I must say, turns my stomach a bit. I like lights. Not so fond of greed.
In case you didn't see this in the comments a couple of posts back, here is an L.A.Times op-ed piece by the genius the Comics Curmudgeon (I am on record as thinking he was smart before this commentary appeared) about newspaper comics pages. It favorably represents your Chronicle.


text:
Professional Services
Company Overview of Encorps Inc.
Executive Profile
Sherry L. Lansing
Founding Chair, Encorps Inc.
|Total Calculated Compensation
|This person is connected to 7 Board Members in 7 different organizations across 6 different industries.
See Board Relationships
Ms. Sherry L. Lansing is the Founder of Sherry Lansing Foundation and has been its Chairperson since 2005. Ms. Lansing serves as the Chief Executive Officer of Sherry Lansing Foundation. She served as Chief Executive Officer of Motion Picture Group of Paramount Pictures since 1992 and worked for more than 13 years. Ms. Lansing headed her own production company. From 1984 to 1990, she operated her own production company, Lansing Productions and co-founded Jaffe/Lansing ...
Corporate Headquarters
323 Geary StreetPhone: 877-619-3482
San Francisco, California 94102
United States
Fax: 866-850-7524
Board Members Memberships
Vice Chairman of the Governing Board
Founding Chair
Director and Member of Compensation Committee
Northwestern University
Honorary Doctorate 2003
American Film Institute
Other Affiliations
Annual CompensationThere is no Annual Compensation data available.
Stocks OptionsThere is no Stock Options data available.
Total CompensationThere is no Total Compensation data available.
The information and data displayed in this profile are created and managed by Capital IQ, a Standard & Poor's company. Bloomberg.com does not create or control the content. For inquiries, please contact Capital IQ directly by clicking here.
|There is no Competitor Compensation data available.
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Only a company representative may request an update for the company profile. Documentation will be required.
To contact Encorps Inc., please visit . Company data is provided by Capital IQ. Please use this form to report any data issues.
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Our data partners will research the update request and update the information on this page if necessary. Research and follow-up could take several weeks. If you have questions, you can contact them at email@example.com.


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Lip Stalker's Review On Dr Roebuck's LIPS…
Formulated with beeswax and essential oils with no parabens, Dr Roebuck's LIPS is a lovely pot of goodness for your lips. Lips feel softer in the morning when applied before my daily slumber. The scent is so faint that I can't quite detect what it is and according to my taste buds, it tastes like a light olive oil dressing. As with all pots of lip balms, make sure your finger and fingernail are both clean before dipping in and definitely avoid double-dipping. Lip Stalker prefers tubed lip treatments to prevent finger contamination.
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text:
444 versus 45-70?
Tools and Technologies
Rifle Country
> 444 versus 45-70?
November 9, 2003, 08:08 PM
Looking at their muzzle energies there don't seem much difference to write home about. Why would one choose one cartridge over the other?
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November 9, 2003, 08:19 PM
It's all in your theory of what makes a bullet effective. .444 tends to be lighter and faster.
I believe the .45-70 is a better round for any number of game, vs just deer and smaller for the .444.
November 9, 2003, 08:31 PM
I'm still suprised that the 444 has lasted. When it first came out it was poor because they used pistol bullets which would break up and the twist was wrong for anything heavier. Today it's better but the 45-70 is superior.. The 45-70 is impressive with ordinary factory loads but some companies load very high performance ammo. After 130 years the 45-70 is still proving to new generations that it is a great hunting and target round.
Ken Cox
November 9, 2003, 08:44 PM
For a given bullet weight and pressure, the larger the diameter the faster the powder can accelerate the bullet.
So, a rifle can accelerate a 300 grain .45 bullet faster, at the same pressure, than it can a 300 grain .43 (.444 Marlin) bullet.
This comes under what they call internal ballistics.
When it comes to external ballistics, the 300 grain .43 bullet has a fractionally greater length and therefore greater sectional density, and it could arguably retain its velocity a little better than the .45 bullet of the same weight and general shape.
Terminally, the 300 grain .43 bullet, by virtue of its slightly greater sectional density, would penetrate a little deeper; whereas the 300 grain .45 bullet would create a slightly larger diameter wound channel.
Theoretically, given a modern rifle, one could develop slightly hotter loads for the .45-70 than for the .444 before he ran into pressure problems.
I say theoretically because so many other factors can enter into the equation.
If reloading and pressures don't matter, one should pick the caliber based on what matters most to him, such as the types of rifles chambered in that caliber.
One might want to remember or think about the fact that the larger the diameter or surface area of the base of the bullet, the less pressure it takes to push it out the bore.
This remains true of all straight-walled cases.
When considering bottle-necked cases, the diameter of the case becomes a factor: expanding gases in extremely large diameter cases do not push small bullets as efficiently as large bullets.
For example, the .30-378 and the .338-378 will produce very similar velocities for a given pressure, but the .338-378 will do it with a heavier bullet.
I hope I have all the above right.
I remember it from a book by P. O. Ackley I read about 12 years ago and so I might have some of it wrong. :)
November 9, 2003, 08:50 PM
There's a great article in the current American Rifleman on reloading the 444. One of the limitations with the 444 Marlin cartidge (according to the author, who is a fan) is apparently that most of the bullets are designed for expansion at handgun velocities.
November 9, 2003, 09:30 PM
Should be a helluva home defense round.
.45-70 300 grain GA arms SJHP at standard velocity (listed at 1800 fps, but from a Guide Gun, so slower) penetrated level 2 SBA, railroad tie, and other side of SBA, and kept going.
I imagine 200 or 240 grain .444 would be capable of lancing SBA, but less likely to overpenetrate.
Good to see you, Ken.
November 9, 2003, 10:04 PM
It comes down to choices. The .444 comes in only a few loads. You may handload for more effect, but not much. Deer and smaller hunting. The 45/70, on the other hand, has a conucopia of options. Cowboy loads pushing 405 grain lead at about 1,400 fps, commercial "safe" loads pushing 300 grain JHP at 1880 fps, or Garretts pushing 420 to 540 grain loads in the 2,000 fps range (they hurt). Some people realy like their 444 Marlin. However, doing unemotional research led me to the 45/70, even over the new .450.
On an emotional note, I think it is ubercool that we can make a 130 year old cartridge, with all of that history, still relevant. The 45/70 is still the king of big bores.
November 9, 2003, 10:06 PM
"Why would one choose one cartridge over the other?"
Well there are several things that come into play, pretty much all of them favor the .45/70.
First of all, if you are not a handloader, the selection of factory ammo in .444 Marlin is very slim pickings. Remington, for years, made the only factory load for the .444 and it wasn't anything to write home about. Today, Horandy makes the Light Magnum, and several semi-custom manufacturers manufacture factory ammo capable of taking anything North American has to offer along with most of what Africa has to offer. As a handloader, there are a number of premium bullets both jacketed and cast that perform far beyond the Remington factory load. For example, a 300 grain bullet at 2100 fps is a common big game load. 2200 fps isn't pushing it too hard, and if you have the Winchester, you can get more than that.
Second: If you are hunting Africa, or grizzlies you can shoot much heavier bullets out of the .45/70. You can shoot 500 grain bullets out of a .45/70. With the .444 Marlin, the heaviest bullets I have seen are less than 400 grains.
Third: The .45/70 is a more popular caliber. Guns, brass, factory ammo.... are much more readily available.
Why buy a .444 Marlin ? I don't know. I bought mine because I got it used. I wasn't even looking for one. I went to the guy's house to buy a .22-250, he mentioned that he was selling two other rifles; I ended up buying all three rifles along with ammo, dies, bullets and some other junk for $350. If I set out to buy a big bore lever action rifle, I would buy the .45/70, but the .444 is more than adequate for anything I am going to hunt with it. The biggest thing I have hunted with it is elk, and it is perfectly adequate for elk. I have actually read a post on-line from a guy that has taken a number of elk with the .444 who thought his handload was too much for elk. Basically, if a 300 grain bullet can do the job, the .444 Marlin can handle it. In reference to the comment about the .444 Marlin being limited to deer: If I am not mistaken, every game animal on the face of the earth has been taken by a .44 Mag handgun. The .444 Marlin shoots the same size bullet about 700 fps faster.
One internet myth you will run into is that the Marlin Micro-Groove rifle is unsuitable for use with cast bullets. This is pure bunk. Another myth is the thing about pistol bullets. As I mentioned previously, there are plenty of premium bullets out there designed specifically for the .444 Marlin out of a rifle.
November 9, 2003, 10:13 PM
Good post 444. Thanks.
November 9, 2003, 10:27 PM
The .444 Marlin is one of those calibers that you have to wonder why it was ever developed. You have to wonder why it has remained popular. It is a perfectly good caliber, the guns made in this caliber are perfectly good rifles. But it doesn't do anything that can't be done by calibers that were already in existence when the .444 Marlin was invented.
All that being said, the caliber seems to be holding it's own. In fact more guns exist today for it than ever before. There are the Marlin and Winchester lever actions. There are even handguns in this caliber: T/C Contender, and I believe the BFR revolver is available in .444. I think there was or is a derringer in this caliber. :what:
November 9, 2003, 10:49 PM
I bought my 444 as a teenager because I wanted to be just like my friends, who all had lever actions. But I found one in 444 so I wouldn't be just like my friends, who all had 30-30's. And now a 444 barrel for my contender is high on my need list. The old Marlin was my #1 hunting rifle for many years, it has 3 elk, a moose, a pair of black bear, and quite a few whitetails to it's credit. I don't know much about fancy bullets special for the 444, I always loaded 240gr handgun bullets, they worked fine as far as I could tell. My pappy taught me early to know what your cartridge can do, know what you can do, and know how to tell what range you're trying to do it at. Of course, if I had found a 45-70 lever before I found that .444, I might have never owned a 444. Both great cartridges. Ballistically, I'd probably give the edge to the 45-70, but you won't catch me trading my 444 for one anytime soon.
November 9, 2003, 10:56 PM
Between the two I will take the 45/70 every time.
I think I'll pass on the .444 Derringer !
November 9, 2003, 11:10 PM
Well don't let the .444 Marlin chambering hold you back, they make it in .45/70 also. I think it is called the Alaskan Survival Model.
November 10, 2003, 12:00 AM
American Derringer does not make a .444. So solly. :)
November 10, 2003, 12:09 AM
A can not picture anyone holding that little gun with a .444 in it.
4v50 Gary
November 10, 2003, 12:22 AM
Why, if the 45-70 was good enough for Lt. Col. Custer and the troopers of the 7th.... never mind.:o
November 10, 2003, 12:25 AM
penetrated level 2 SBA, railroad tie, and other side of SBA
JShirley, what is SBA?
November 10, 2003, 12:50 AM
I'll second the SBA question. I assume it's level 2 body armor, maybe wrapped around a railroad tie, but I'm not sure.
November 10, 2003, 01:01 AM
In this case, soft body armor, what some folks still incorrectly call a bullet proof vest. Ain't no such animal- body armor comes in increasing levels, each capable of stopping certain threats. A good make may give you a list of all the rounds the vest has proved capable of stopping.
With increasing usage of BA by the criminal element, unfortunately, penetrating body armor could be a factor in your determining your defensive armory. I really like the M1 Carbine, for instance, but it won't penetrate squat, basically, when it comes to body armor. :) 7.62x39mm, on the other hand, will penetrate Level II, as will .223.
Hm...I'm looking at several sites, and on the ones I've checked, they show .30 Carbine in the same class as the two other rifle rounds- taking Level III protection to stop. I must advise using this as a general guidline instead of hard fact, though, because 12 GA rifled slug is also shown in this category. In the same session, a 12 GA rifled slug was fired at about 5' at the vest. The old Second Chance vest was not penetrated by the slug. Significant deformation of the wood behind the vest did occur, though, leading me to believe anyone wearing the vest would have been stopped, if not killed.
Hope this helps!
November 10, 2003, 01:16 AM
John, thanks. I have recently exceeded my memory capacity on three letter acronyms (TLA's). I have to ditch one in order to learn/relearn/remember the next! Looking back at your post, it's now obvious from context.
Good explanation about penetration ratings. I would not want to be on the receiving end of a 12 gauge rifled slug, body armor or not.
November 10, 2003, 01:40 AM
November 10, 2003, 07:54 PM
Why has the .444 Marlin survived? It's the subconscious cool factor derived from its association with Mack Bolan, "The Executioner." Although I can remember as a 6th grader wondering why a sniper would use a scoped lever-action .444 when so many better tools were available for the job. I guess Don Pendleton knew something I didn't.
November 10, 2003, 10:07 PM
444Marlin... uses 0.429 diameter bullets
45/70... uses 0.458 diameter bullets
From what I have read, the 444Marlin loads are pretty much full power loads, while the loads for the 45/70 are the standard loads for use with older guns. If you handload, or get modern ammo that should only be used on stronger action rifles, the 45/70 goes past the 444Marlin.
Bill Hook
November 11, 2003, 12:56 AM
I believe the NIJ has standards on how much intrusion the vest can allow into the body cavity, even w/o penetration. I don't believe that it is more than 4 inches, before they would consider the injury to be life-threatening.
The vests are tested over clay models to check for intrusion.
November 11, 2003, 07:52 PM
4 inches sounds pretty fatal to me.:rolleyes:
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text:
Show #3891
Louis C.K., Hugh Evans, and John Legend.
PLUS: The Dick Van Dyke Accident; Senator Dick Durbin Setting a Good Example; the Time Warner Cable Blackout; a Top Ten List; the Time Warner Cable CEO, Jim Keyes; and Dave calls 9-1-1.
" . . . and now, the new unabridged edition . . . . . . . David Letterman!!"
- "A dead shark was found in a New York City subway. Most thought it was only sleeping. It's considered suspicious because his wallet and iPhone were missing."
- "George W. Bush had a stent placed in a heart artery that was blocked. The clog is being blamed on fatty foods served by White House butler Forest Whittaker."
- "Found in the clogged artery were old Al Gore ballots."
News from Hollywood: While driving on a Los Angeles Freeway, Dick Van Dyke's car caught fire. From CBS News, we have this simulation of what happened.
We see Dick Van Dyke driving down an L.A. Freeway. We hear the familiar opening theme to the Dick Van Dyke Show. Just as we mentally picture Dick leaping around his living room ottoman during the opening theme, his car catches fire.
It was so popular the first time, we've decided to produce another installment. It's called "Senator Dick Durbin: Setting A Good Example." We take a look.
We see the U.S. Senator from Illinois speeching: "As I said before, and will repeatedly: I take my fish oil." FREEZE.
Graphic flies in with heavy metal music: "Do It Like The Durb!"
Time Warner Cable recently removed CBS from its channel lineup in several cities. Many of us are missing such shows as "Under the Dome," and "The Big Bang Theory," and "60 Minutes." What do we get to see?
We see a clip from "The Man With The 132 Pound Scrotum." The guy has obvious trouble getting around.
Voiceover: "The man with the 132-pound scrotum. His scrotum grows an estimated 30 pounds per year."
GRAPHIC: "Thanks, Time Warner Cable!"
Dave apologizes to HBO. Last night he may have innocently insinuated that HBO was somehow responsible for the Time Warner thing. They had nothing to do with it. He was just kidding!
And speaking of the Time Warner Cable/CBS blackout, here to explain his side of the story, the CEO of Time Warner, Jim Keyes.
Jim Keyes enters and speaks from the heart center stage.
KEYES: "Thanks, Dave, and sorry about the whole taking-you-off-television kerfuffle." Dave smiles as if no big deal.
KEYES: "Hi, folks. I'm Jim Keyes, CEO of Time Warner Cable, the TV guys. Well, it's been a rocky road of negotiations with CBS, and not the kind of rocky road I usually enjoy in the summertime in an ice cream cone." (laughs an awkward but satisfied laugh) We at Time Warner Cable are just sick about the frustration we've caused by turning off your favorite television channels, and we'd like to make it up to you. Effective immediately, we are offering free cable for a year to all of our existing subscribers. That means all of your favorite shows, from 'America's Top Idol' to 'Zorro' for no cost all year long! And there's more! You'll enjoy those programs on your brand new 70-inch Sony 3-D HDTV, which we will be shipping to each Time Warner customer next week. But that's not all. Call our customer service helpline in the next 10 minutes and we'll send you a second TV, absolutely free! Yes, Christmas, Chanukah and Kwanzaa have all come early this year. So curl up on the couch, open a bag of snacks, and enjoy the rest of your summer watching Time Warner Cable."
Mr. Keyes clutches his hands over head in victory style, and then exits.
10. Every cooking show stars Paula Deen.
6. It's run by the Amish Mafia.
5. Employees refer customers as "Marks"
3. Even when you subscribe to it, Playboy Channel still scrambled.
He's up for 9 Emmy Awards this year, four for his FX series "Louie." He received 3 noms for this HBO special, "Louis C.K.: Oh My God." And he received a nomination for "Saturday Night Live" as Guest Actor in a Comedy Series.
Louis had quite an eventful summer. He bought a boat and likes to listen to the boat/police radio to hear what's going on. He was on the East River not too long ago and heard the Coast Guard announce there may be a body in the water. Louis asks if Dave ever saw a dead body. Dave calmly answers, "Well, I've been to funerals." Anyway, the location given for the dead body in the river was right where Louis was. Louis gave a search and soon came upon the floater. He called it in and was told to wait right where he was. There were no other boats around and Louis felt the whole scene was kind of eerie. The police and fire department soon show up. Louis admits to feeling kind of like a hero for finding the body. He remained on the scene to offer any help or information that may be needed. He soon realized he had no legitimate reason to be there anymore. Louis slowly backs his boat from the floater and says to an official, "Unless you need me, I think I'm going to take off." As he's pulling out, he hears the fire department say to a police officer, "Who the hell was that?"
Dave praises Louis on his work in the Woody Allan film, "Blue Jasmine." Louis says he felt as if Woody and Cate Blanchett were painting a masterpiece. Louis' only hope was not to screw it up. Also in the film was Andrew Dice Clay. The two sort of gravitated towards each other. It's odd being a friend of Dice. Louis produces his cellphone to demonstrate. Louis has a 5-year-old daughter. She left this message on his phone.
Daughter: "Hi, daddy. I love you. Miss you. Bye."
The very next message on his cellphone was from Andrew Dice.
Dice: "Hey, jerk-off face. I've been talking about you in the press and you're an asshole."
That's kinda funny. My daughters usually leave on my phone the Dice-like messages.
His 9 Emmy nominations? He's hoping to win all 9, or none at all. That would be something. That would be a story to tell. He feels winning 2 or 3 would be a bit of a ho-hum.
This Time Warner Cable thing is reaching to areas not thought possible. Is this happening in your city? Here's what's happening in New York City. Dave takes the desk phone and punches in 9-1-1. We soon hear: "Due to a contract dispute with Time Warner, 9-1-1 emergency services are not available. Thanks for your patience."
9-1-1 hangs up.
ANNOUNCE: "We're getting it done tomorrow with Dave and his guests Tina Fey, and Valerie June. Visit CBS.com/lateshow to watch John Legend Live on Letterman. John Legend's exclusive online concert from the Ed Sullivan Theater can be streamed on demand.
Now repeat that back so I know you got it."
A real live Australian do-gooder. He's the CEO of the Global Poverty Project, an organization working to end extreme poverty. He's just 30 years old and grew up quite comfortably. At 14, he joined a contest to raise money for World Vision, an aid organization. Whoever raised the most money would get to go overseas to see their work firsthand. Hugh won and was off to the Philippines. He was matched up with a same-aged kid named Sonny Boy. Sonny Boy's life was full of scavenging to survive. He lived among bugs and filth. It was here that Hugh realized that is was just pure luck that Hugh lived in comfort and Sonny Boy in poverty. When Hugh returned home, he told his parents that he wanted to pursue this life of helping the poor. The next year he attended school in India and volunteered in Mother Teresa's orphanage. It wasn't easy convincing his parents but he assured them, "I'm 15. I know what I'm doing." Living and working in the worst conditions of India solidified his decision to continue with his life of helping.
The people in extreme poverty need 5 basic things: food security, education, water and sanitation, health care, and the opportunity to create a job. And how do we end extreme poverty?
- Increase global aid by nation states --- get countries to increase how much aid they give.
- Global Trade - get countries and companies to conduct trade in a fair way.
- Governance - have democratically elected governments that remove corruption and stop natural resources from being abused.
Dave points out that we have the ability and the means to end extreme poverty tomorrow, but people get in the way. We can't get material from those who have to those who do not. Governments muck up the whole thing. The aid that is meant for those in need often end up in the wrong hands.
One effort to end extreme poverty is the Global Citizen Festival, to be held here in New York's Central Park on September 28th. You can't buy a ticket; you have to earn it. You earn it by doing . . . you need to learn about the organization, learn about Global Festival, tweet about it, raise awareness. When you've earned enough points, you get a ticket to the concert, which will feature Stevie Wonder, Kings of Leon, Alicia Keys, John Mayer, and more. 60,000 attended last year's festival, where $1.3 billion in commitments that support anti-poverty initiatives was announced.
To learn more about the Global Citizen Festival: www.globalfestival.com
For the Global Poverty Project: www.globalpovertyproject.com
Hugh Evans . . . he makes you wonder what you're doing with your life.
From this soon-to-be released album, "Love In The Future," John Legend performed "All Of Me."
And then he hung around for a Live on Letterman Web Concert, now available on the Late Show website.
And that was our show for Tuesday August 20, 2013.
No Late Show on your TV? What is this, Brazil?
The Time Warner Cable/CBS dispute in a nutshell:
- Time Warner Cable has dropped CBS programming from its services in a dispute between the companies over retransmission fees
- Retransmission Fees: What broadcasters charge cable operators to carry their programming.
- Affected markets include New York, Los Angeles, and Dallas
- The CBS/Time Warner Cable blackout is not in its 3rd week.
Joan Rivers had a show called "The Late Show" before Dave, so why doesn't this show have to be called, "Dave Letterman's Late Show"?
The 9-1-1 phone call Dave made from the desk . . . . the phone is a working phone. To avoid actually calling 9-1-1, Dave punched in 8-1-1. Sharp-eared listeners may have noticed the tone when Dave hit "9" wasn't actually the tone of a 9.
Now you know the rest of the story.
How did I spend my two weeks off? On a Mediterranean cruise. Wow, what a great time! Barcelona, Marseilles, Monaco, Florence and Pisa, Rome, Naples, Capri, and Palma de Mallorca. I'll add bits of the trip here and there in the coming days. It was a trip of a lifetime, and it'll take me that long to pay it off. We went to Barcelona a day before the cruise and spent the night. After the family was put to bed, I went out on the town to visit some of the watering holes I eyeballed while sight-seeing during the day. I ended up in a pub sipping on the local. On the TV were golf highlights of the PGA tournament back here in the States. Taking a look at the screen every now and then, I became a bit concerned about Tiger Woods. Was he hurt? Was he out? Did something happen to him? I found out the next day that nothing happened to Tiger except that he was way behind the leader. European news didn't find it worthy of showing where he was in the field. In the U.S., no matter how Tiger is playing, he is the lead story. I checked out the live music on stage and the PGA golf highlights on the TV for an hour. No sign of Tiger Woods on the screen at all. It was my first night in Europe. This more than anything reminded me I wasn't in the States anymore. That, and those I tipped really seemed to appreciate it. It made me feel I was tipping too much.
In Italy, I think my "grazie" really made me sound Italian. I was really good at it.
While in France, having taken French much through high school, I kept asking everyone where was the library.
Time now for "This Date In CAMEO MENTION OF A WAHOO READER History."
August 21, 2000: "From Florissant, Missouri, it's Dan and Sara Lieser."
This concludes another episode of 'This Date in CAMEO MENTION OF A WAHOO READER History."
My favorite right fielder, from the 1976 Rockland County High School baseball champions, happy birthday Scott Berman.
This concludes another installment of CAMEO MENTION OF A WAHOO READER
Michael Z. McIntee
Twitter: @WahooMike


text: A semi-infinite aluminum cylinder (k = 237 W/m·K, α = 9.71 × 10–5 m2/s) of diameter D = 15 cm is initially at a uniform temperature of Ti, = 115°C. The cylinder is now placed in water at 10°C, where heat transfer takes place by convection with a heat transfer coefficient of h = 140 W/m2·K. Determine the temperature at the center of the cylinder 5 cm from the end surface 8 min after the Start of cooling.


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Human Task Manager is an IBM WebSphere Process Server component that enables human beings to interact with Web services and business processes. A person can invoke Web services using originating tasks, act as a Web service himself using participating tasks, and collaborate with other people by invoking or working on purely human tasks. Together with Business Flow Manager, Human Task Manager provides powerful support for the execution of business processes that involve humans. Both components together make up the Business Process Choreographer.
One of the major features of Business Process Choreographer is its ability to provide an instance-based authorization for business processes and human tasks, enabling you to model sophisticated authorization rules, such as the four eyes principle, in review or approval processes. Instance-based authorization relies on staff resolution being performed to assign people to various roles for later authorization checks.
This article introduces the concepts for Business Process Choreographer authorization and staff resolution, and describes the architecture of the Human Task Manager components that are involved in staff resolution. The interaction between components such as the business process engine, human task engine, authorization management, and staff support service, are also explained.
Architecture overview
Figure 1 shows an overview of the Business Process Choreographer architecture, which consists of two major components:
- Business Flow Manager navigates business processes.
- Human Task Manager coordinates human interaction.
Both components share a set of common infrastructure subcomponents and are embedded in WebSphere Process Server, which is based on the J2EE™ runtime provided by IBM WebSphere Application Server.
Figure 1. Business Process Choreographer architecture
Business Flow Manager enables you to execute business processes modeled with the WS-BPEL industry standard (see Resources). Human Task Manager offers human beings the ability to participate in business processes, either by "implementing" a Web service using a participating task, or by invoking a Web service with an originating task. It also leverages the ad-hoc collaboration between humans, with purely human tasks, subtasks, and follow-on tasks.
To work with business processes and human tasks, you can model them as Service Component Architecture (SCA) modules using IBM WebSphere Integration Developer. You can then deploy the SCA modules to the runtime, where you can access them as a process or task using the respective process or task templates. From a template, you can create and start a process or task instance and work with it. For participating and purely human tasks, you can additionally define the model ad-hoc, using the runtime API only.
Business Process Choreographer provides instance- and rule-based authorization for business processes and tasks, enabling you to model sophisticated authorization scenarios based on process context, or the four-eyes principle: people are authenticated by WebSphere Application Server and then also authorized by Human Task Manager based on their user IDs. Be aware that authentication and authorization relies on WebSphere Application Server global security. Business Process Choreographer and (especially) Human Task Manager require security to be enabled; scenarios with disabled global security are supported for test purposes only.
This article focuses on staff resolution, which is mainly used to determine user IDs so people can be authorized for certain actions on processes or tasks. Staff resolution is also used to resolve e-mail addresses when the Human Task Manager e-mail service is sending notices for escalations.
Authorization and staff resolution concepts
Business processes that involve human interaction often need very sophisticated authorization to support multiple user roles, and to enable the processes to behave differently for each instance of the same business process template, since different business case data can be handled by the same process. J2EE authorization capabilities alone are not sufficient to handle such complex authorization rules, such as the four eyes principle used for business-critical approval or review processes.
Business Process Choreographer supports J2EE authorization, but extends it with rule-based authorization that considers business context data, and is thus able to ensure authorization at the instance level. The authorization rules are defined using so-called staff verbs (also known as people assignment criteria), which are authorization rule templates. Staff verbs are abstract authorization rules for a human task role that can be parameterized and bound to a specific staff repository during business process and human task modeling.
Business Process Choreographer provides a default set of staff verbs that can be used for standard authorization rules. You can extend the set of staff verbs to define rules that are more complex or that more closely match your needs, as required.
During deployment, the parameterized staff verbs are transformed into concrete staff queries (also known as people queries) that are specific to the staff repository used to perform the query. These staff queries are used to query for people who will become authorized to perform certain actions at run time. Querying a staff repository at run time for people, groups, and their attributes, to evaluate an authorization rule is called staff resolution (also known as people resolution). The result of a staff query can be the flag "Everybody," a set of user IDs or e-mail addresses, or the name of a group of people.
A staff repository (also known as an enterprise, staff, or people directory) is the data store that actually contains the user and group information. The most popular staff repository is the LDAP directory, which is based on the standardized Lightweight Directory Access Protocol.
When staff query parameters contain context variables that are resolved at run time, authorization is then based on process and task instance data; therefore, even though authorization is based on the same rule, the data that determines authorization can be different for each instance of the business process or human task. Context variables are enclosed in percent signs, and can refer to:
|Context variable type
|predefined variables
|process and task custom properties
|process variables
|process and task input messages
Be aware that only inline human tasks have access to the process context.
Figure 2. Work item
The result of a staff query is used to create so-called work items (and occasionally to send e-mail notifications). Work items are used to provide instance- and rule-based authorization by associating users with a certain business object (like a task or process instance) and, simultaneously, with one of the task's (or process') predefined authorization roles, such as reader or administrator. Each predefined role grants authorization for a fixed set of actions that the user is permitted to perform on this business entity, such as claiming a task or getting the process instance data. Thus, authorization is granted by associating a person with a role on a business object.
There are three types of work items used to store the three types of staff query results:
- Everybody work items grant authorization to every (authenticated) user associated with the work item role (also known as assignment reason).
- User work items grant role authorization to each user whose user ID is stored with the work item.
- Group work items grant role authorization to an entire group of people. Authorization is not performed using the user ID, but by verifying the list of group memberships associated with the user's login context information.
Work items cache the staff query results; since staff queries do not need to be executed for every authorization check (which would cause a heavy load on the staff repository in use), work items provide a major performance advantage. However, cached information does have the potential of becoming outdated. Business Process Choreographer supports refreshing the work item cache manually from the administrative console, or automatically using a staff query result refresh daemon that refreshes expired results. If the original result has been modified manually using the work item transfer functionality, a refresh of the original result considers the transfer history and does not override manual changes. (Only user work items are refreshed in this manner. Authorization based on group work items is refreshed automatically each time a user logs in to WebSphere Process Server.)
Staff resolution architecture
Figure 3 shows the Business Process Choreographer components involved in authorization and staff resolution.
Figure 3. Staff resolution architecture
Users interact either with the Business Process Choreographer Explorer, or with another client based on the Business Process Choreographer APIs. These client applications send their requests to either the Business Flow Manager Process API or the Human Task API. Authentication is provided by the WebSphere Application Server security component, and the instance- and rule-based authorization is provided by Human Task Manager using work items.
Key Business Process Choreographer components include:
Authorization management
Authorization management is the central instance that evaluates staff verbs (authorization rules) and performs authorization based on them. Authorization management invokes other components to perform staff resolution queries, and creates work items based on the results. These work items are stored in the Business Process Choreographer database, thus caching staff resolution results. When a client invokes the Business Flow Manager or Human Task Manager API, authorization management checks the stored work items for a matching authorization of the calling user.
Authorization management coordinates other components, such as the staff support service and staff query result post-processor plug-in, whenever staff resolution needs to resolve user IDs or e-mail addresses.
E-mail service
The e-mail service is responsible for creating and sending e-mails whenever an escalation occurs that is modeled to send an e-mail to all escalation receivers. In this case, authorization management is invoked to resolve the e-mail addresses of the escalation receivers, along with their user IDs to grant them authorization for the escalation and task.
Refresh daemon
Every organization is subject to changes, and so staff resolution results can become outdated and need to be refreshed in the work item cache. The staff query result refresh daemon (also known as people assignment refresh daemon) is responsible for refreshing staff query results that have expired.
When the refresh daemon finds a staff query result that is expired, it invokes authorization management according to the staff verb associated with the corresponding work item, then stores the newly retrieved staff query result with the existing work item. Therefore, in the case of an organizational change, the refresh daemon keeps the work item cache up to date.
Keep in mind that when refreshing the work item cache, changes of context variables will not be considered; the refresh occurs based on the context data available when staff resolution for this staff query was performed the first time. Also, a work item transfer is not canceled by this refresh, since the transfer history is applied again to the refreshed result.
The staff query result refresh is controlled by two parameters:
- Timeout for staff query result determines how long after the last update a staff query result remains valid. When this time period has passed, the query result is available for update.
- Staff query refresh schedule controls when the refresh daemon runs to refresh expired query results.
Remember that you can also enforce staff query result refreshes manually using either the administration console or the JACL script refreshStaffQuery.jacl. When you refresh in this way, all staff query results that you specify are refreshed, not only the expired ones.
(The refresh daemon is only available in WebSphere Process Server V6.0.2 and later.)
Staff support service
The staff support service (also know as people assignment service) manages, configures, and selects staff resolution plug-ins, transforms parameterized staff verbs into queries specific to a staff resolution plug-in, and delegates deployment and staff resolution requests to the selected plug-in.
As mentioned earlier, when you model a business process or human task, you can use abstract staff verbs and parameterize them to create an authorization rule. The staff support service translates the parameterized staff verb, generated by WebSphere Integration Developer at modeling time, into a staff resolution plug-in-specific query, bound to a specific staff repository. This transformation is done when the business process or human task is deployed, using a mapping XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language for Transformations) file.
A staff plug-in provider is supplied for each staff resolution plug-in supported by Business Process Choreographer. A staff plug-in provider (also known as people directory provider) can have multiple configurations. Each staff plug-in configuration (also known as people directory configuration) has its own set of configuration properties that can be set in the administrative console. Some of these properties, such as LDAP server settings, might need to be customized before the plug-in can be used. Each configuration also has its own JNDI (Java™ Naming and Directory Interface) name, and a reference to an XSLT transformation file.
The staff support service uses the configuration JNDI name to locate the configuration. The human task modeler in the WebSphere Integration Developer Human Task Editor uses the configuration JNDI name to select which staff plug-in configuration to use with a human task. The XSLT transformation file is used to transform the parameterized staff verb into the plug-in language and staff directory schema of the selected staff plug-in configuration.
LDAP and user registry plug-ins
Staff resolution plug-ins (also known as people directory plug-in) query staff repositories to resolve authorization rules, and to retrieve the user IDs or e-mail addresses of people authorized for a certain human task role.
A staff resolution plug-in is bound to a specific staff repository, like the WebSphere Application Server user registry or an LDAP directory. The plug-in is responsible for the deployment and execution of staff queries, and performs these queries by invoking a set of API calls against its associated staff repository. (More on staff resolution plug-ins later.)
Staff repositories are not part of Business Process Choreographer. They are accessed in read-only mode by staff resolution plug-ins.
Post-processor plug-in
The staff query result post-processor plug-in (also known as people assignment post-processor plug-in) is an optional service provider interface (SPI) that you can implement, enabling you to alter the results returned by a staff resolution plug-in. This can be used, for example, if load balancing is required for potential task owners, to delete users from the list that already have a high workload, add further users, and so on, perhaps to ensure a certain level of performance to match a service level agreement.
The plug-in receives the existing staff query result and context information as input, and returns the altered staff query result, which is then used for authorization. The plug-in can even change the query result type by returning, for example, a group name instead of the original set of users.
This plug-in also provides the ability to plug custom staff repositories into Human Task Manager staff resolution. If the plug-in ignores the input provided by the staff resolution plug-in, and performs full staff queries against the custom staff repository, it can act as a staff resolution plug-in itself, thus providing staff query functionality for custom repositories that is even more sophisticated than the query functionality of the user registry staff resolution plug-in.
Authorization management
Human Task Manager authorization management coordinates other components when evaluating the modeled authorization rules, and creates work items that store the result of this evaluation. When a client invokes a Business Flow Manager or Human Task Manager API, the authorization manager checks the stored work items for a matching authorization of the calling user. The same applies to the result set entries when a user queries items on the Business Process Choreographer database view using one of the query() API methods (see Resources).
Authorization management is involved when:
- A human task is deployed.
- A human task is created or started.
- A Human Task Manager and Business Flow Manager EJB API method is invoked.
- The Business Process Manager database views are queried using the query() method.
- A work item is transferred.
- The e-mail service sends e-mails.
- The refresh daemon is running.
Work items are managed by the authorization manager, based on the lists of associated user IDs provided by the staff support service, using the respective staff resolution plug-in. The staff support service and its plug-ins perform staff resolution and are involved whenever a list of user IDs or a group name is needed for creating or refreshing a work item, or when a list of user e-mail addresses is needed by the e-mail service. The staff support service does not perform staff resolution itself; rather, it delegates the task to one of the staff resolution plug-ins. The selected plug-in invokes the API of the associated staff repository and, as a result, retrieves a list of user IDs, a group name, and, optionally, e-mail addresses.
Since authorization can be specific to a task or process instance, rather than to a task or process template, the authorization to perform a certain action can depend on the context of the task; for example, the manager of the process starter can be assigned as the potential owner to an approval task in that specific business process.
Staff resolution plug-ins
When authorization management invokes the staff support service to resolve a staff query, it selects the suitable plug-in to which it delegates the staff resolution task. Staff resolution plug-ins are then responsible for retrieving the staff information from the external staff repository. Various types of staff repositories can be supported in this way.
Staff resolution plug-ins are also involved when a business process or human task model is deployed; this means the parameterized staff verbs contained in the model need to be deployed as well. After the staff support service has transformed the parameterized staff verbs into the plug-in-specific query language, the plug-in is invoked to verify the resulting staff query syntax, and to deploy the query by producing an optimized form of the query that can be executed quickly at run time. The resulting deployed staff query is stored in the Business Process Choreographer database and is available at run time.
At run time, the plug-ins are invoked with the deployed query and a list of resolved context variables as parameters. A plug-in performs staff resolution by querying the back end staff repository's API according to the instructions stored in the deployed staff query, and returns a list of user IDs (caller principal names), e-mail addresses, or a group name. The result is used by authorization management to create work items.
Staff resolution plug-ins can be considered to be stateless; only their configuration information is kept in memory. Since every request is handled in a separate thread, better scalability is possible.
Staff resolution plug-ins are tailored to particular staff repository types. Figure 4 shows the supported staff resolution plug-ins and staff repositories.
Figure 4. Supported staff resolution plug-ins and staff repositories
The default configuration that can be used out-of-the-box is the user registry plug-in with the Local OS user registry. However, this configuration does not offer the powerful query functionality provided by the LDAP plug-in with an LDAP directory, which is recommended for production environments.
You should use the same staff repository for Business Process Choreographer authorization that you use for WebSphere Application Server security and authentication (the one configured for the user registry). Otherwise, the two staff repositories might not always be synchronized, possibly resulting in authenticated users not being authorized to access business objects, or vice versa.
The staff resolution plug-ins included with Business Process Choreographer are:
User registry staff resolution plug-in
This plug-in enables you to refer to users and groups that are known to WebSphere Application Server by performing queries against the user registry API. Because the user registry is available whenever WebSphere Application Server security is enabled, and because the plug-in does not require any configuration parameters, this plug-in can be used out-of-the-box.
The plug-in supports static staff assignments and context variables, but not retrieval of e-mail addresses. It supports user ID validation, retrieval of groups and group members, user searching, and group searching, where the group's members will get a work item assigned.
The plug-in supports the retrieval of staff information from the various types of staff repositories the user registry supports:
- The user and group administration of the operating system on the machine where WebSphere Application Server is installed can be used as a staff repository. If both a domain controller and the local machine are used for security and the same group exists in both places, the local OS user registry on Windows returns users from both the domain and the local machine. You can avoid this by fully-qualifying the group name; for example, mymachine\mygroup.
- Any LDAP directory server supported by WebSphere Application Server can be used when WebSphere Application Server security is configured for this LDAP server. The query functionality offered by the LDAP plug-in is superior to the one offered by this configuration, since the LDAP plug-in accesses the LDAP server directly and can perform more sophisticated queries. Whenever possible, use the LDAP plug-in directly when accessing LDAP repositories.
- Any custom repository that implements the user registry SPI can be used as a staff repository. However, the deprecated getUsersForGroup() method of the UserRegistry interface must be implemented for custom registries to be supported by the user registry staff resolution plug-in.
LDAP staff resolution plug-in
This plug-in provides access to organizational information that is stored in LDAP directories, and uses the JNDI API to access the LDAP directory server. You can configure multiple LDAP plug-ins, with each one accessing a different LDAP directory server. Also, many configurations connecting to the same LDAP server can improve the total staff query performance.
You can use this plug-in to query for user attributes, retrieve groups, evaluate members of LDAP groups, perform searches based on the LDAP filter syntax, or perform queries with intermediate results; for example, retrieve the user ID of the user's manager. The plug-in supports static staff assignments and context variables, as well as retrieval of e-mail addresses.
The LDAP staff resolution plug-in requires several deployment parameters that are managed via the staff support service administration user interface. Most configuration parameters are needed to set up the JNDI connection, and others set query default values.
System staff resolution plug-in
This plug-in supports static staff assignments of user IDs, group names, and context variables, but no retrieval of e-mail addresses. It has no staff repository assigned, no configuration parameters, and can thus be used out-of-the-box. It has no back end repository to query against and is not enabled for production environments, but it is useful for simple test scenarios with staff support.
"Everybody" staff plug-in configuration
The "Everybody" staff plug-in configuration is based on the system staff resolution plug-in and supports all queries, but always returns "everybody" as the staff query result. It is intended for functional tests, not for production. Using this plug-in provider, you can model your staff queries for any plug-in, and switch authorization during your tests on and off by simply changing the staff plug-in provider JNDI name for a task.
Human Task Manager provides powerful instance- and business context-based authorization for those involved in business process and service-oriented architectures. It performs staff resolution queries based on flexible authorization rules, and caches the query results for better authorization performance. Given its modular architecture, Human Task Manager can support various people directories for authorization.
This article described the WebSphere Process Server Business Process Choreographer rule- and instance-based authorization concepts, and the architecture of the Business Process Choreographer components supporting the open and flexible staff resolution. The people directories that are supported by the Business Process Choreographer were also described, along with configuration recommendations for production environments.
The author thanks his colleagues Eric Van Norman and Gerhard Pfau for their help in preparing this article.
- WS-BPEL Specification Version 1.1
- WS-BPEL Specification Version 2.0
- WebSphere Process Server Information Center
- WebSphere Application Server Information Center
- Member Manager staff plug-in provider
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text:
Search for your ancestors:
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- Thanks for the contact. I have only recently started a family tree.
Have traced my family back until when they departed Gravesend in December 1882 arriving in Dunedin NZ in March 1883.
I would like information on how to obtain birth and marriage details in Scotland(or Ireland?).
I now live in Australia.
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"Thanks for the advice" should be all you need.
The clueless ones won't realise you've just backhanded them into the wall, while the more perceptive of them will get the burn.
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"Thanks for the advice" should be all you need.
The clueless ones won't realise you've just backhanded them into the wall, while the more perceptive of them will get the burn.
Although I am currently taking a break from my current daily salad, I would say it's definitely my favorite thing to eat. It always contains meat, egg, cheese, sunflower seeds, and my own dressing. Which is paleo mayo based. Which is olive oil based. Take that fat haters. I consider the greens as a vehicle for the good stuff. Ok, I should go that far, I can seriously get excited over spinach and lettuces.
It's amazing to me that people won't just mind their business. I watch my co-workers eat plenty of unhealthy things, and I would never call their microwaved pizza/ fried takeout/ bakery explosion gross to their faces.
Like one of the other posters said, only take advice from people in better shape than you. Taking nutrition advice from people who constantly complain about feeling fat/ tired/ sick is like taking financial advice from people who constantly complain that they can't afford their credit card payments but keep buying stuff.
[QUOTE=AyaPapaya;1107111](just for fun, I picture myself dropping a mic after saying these[/QUOTE]
lol ;)
Sung in the tune of the old McDonald's slogan:
"Have you checked your weight today?"
Slightly off topic, but you know who makes the best salads (well, for a chain restaurant)? Rising Roll. I ask them to make me a Cobb salad without the cheese, and it's amazing! It's HUGE and the chicken and bacon and egg are so good it doesn't even need dressing. It's one of those salads that's mostly "toppings." You can thank me later.
...and then...
"You call that a salad? Look at all that fat! OMG, you have more toppings than lettuce!"
I know, awesome isent it... :o could use more bacon though......:p
I like my salads with a 1:1 or 2:1 ratio of toppings to lettuce.
[QUOTE=Drumroll;1107483]Sung in the tune of the old McDonald's slogan:
"Have you checked your weight today?"[/QUOTE]
Omg, this cracked me up...
Should I sing a full round? Complete with "with an oink, oink here and an oink, oink there...?
I'm new to the paleo idea, but I've lived it for some years, its the processed crap that kills me. I have always enjoyed a "man salad" Sorry if it's sexist, but it's what I called it. A little lettuce and meat, peppers, meat, maybe some beets, a little meat, and then some bacon bits instead of croutons. Do they make meat dressing?


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It has been a rough five days for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. The FDA placed a partial clinical hold on a key next-generation hepatitis-C drug at the end of last week, and this week's second-quarter earnings were a mixed bag, sending shares lower still.
In this video, health-care analyst David Williamson focuses on VX-135's clinical hold and why investors should be concerned given the drug class' checkered history, but ultimately why it doesn't damage the real reason for owning shares of Vertex.
Rising health care costs continue to be a hotly debated topic, and even legendary investor Warren Buffett called this trend "the tapeworm that's eating at American competitiveness." To learn more about what's happening to the health care system -- and how to potentially profit from this trend -- click here for free, immediate access.
Follow David on Twitter: @MotleyDavid.


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|EcommerceBytes-NewsFlash, Number 2816 - May 31, 2012 - ISSN 1539-5065 3 of 5
eBay Canada announced Wednesday it would retire Canada Post Expedited Flat Rate Box and Canada Post Expedited Flat Rate Box U.S. for listings on eBay.ca later this week. Once the services are retired, they will no longer be available to use in new listings or relists, and eBay will remove the shipping services on Good 'Til Cancelled listings when they reach their next 30-day renewal date.
Good 'Til Cancelled listings that offer the Canada Post Expedited Flat Rate Box service as the only domestic option will be ended so that sellers can select a new shipping service for Canadian buyers.
Good 'Til Cancelled listings that offer the Canada Post Expedited Flat Rate Box USA product will renew with the Flat Rate Box shipping service removed. If that leaves no remaining shipping services for U.S. buyers, eBay will no longer display the listings in the main search results on eBay.com. Sellers will have to add another U.S. shipping service in order to restore their eBay.com search visibility.
eBay said PayPal Label Printing for both Canada Post Expedited Flat Rate Box and Canada Post Expedited Flat Rate Box USA would continue to be available.
About the author:
Ina Steiner is co-founder and Editor of EcommerceBytes and has been reporting on ecommerce since 1999. She's a widely cited authority on marketplace selling and is author of "Turn eBay Data Into Dollars" (McGraw-Hill 2006). Her blog was featured in the book, "Blogging Heroes" (Wiley 2008). Follow her on Twitter at @ecommercebytes and send news tips to email@example.com.
You may quote up to 50 words of any article on the condition that you attribute the article to
EcommerceBytes.com and either link to the original article or to www.EcommerceBytes.com.
All other use is prohibited.
Email this story to a friend.
3 of 5
eBay Overhauls Fee Structure in Spring Seller Release - March 19, 2013
eBay UK Changes Fees and TRS Requirements - March 19, 2013
eBay Reignites Interest in Pinterest Style Home Page - February 19, 2013
eBay Nudges UK Sellers to Offer Generous Returns Policy - February 11, 2013


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I recently asked executive search professional Barbara White Crockett what sometimes impacts female executives in their ability to move up in an organization. Principal of BWC International, a boutique search firm focusing on all aspects of the Executive Search process, Barbara is privy to her clients' thoughts (including many CEOs) on filling senior positions. When a hiring team has to choose from a number of successful candidates, what are the deciding factors? What tips the balance from one candidate to another?
Barbara's feedback is insightful in that she talks about the general behaviors that get in the way of advancement for female executives – and it's information aspiring senior women need to know.
Successful candidates treat the workplace like a playing field
On a soccer pitch, elite players don't just dive for the ball and try to get it into the net. They consider the entire playing field: how will a player advance the ball the to net; which fellow team members will help and which opposing team members will hinder the player's progress? To whom can the player pass the ball, and who will pass it back – and who will play dirty? Successful players know the impact players and how to leverage relationships with those players.
Successful executives apply the same approach to the workplace. Rising female executives understand the game being played and see the entire field. They recognize who or what stands in the way of achieving their goals — and who or what can help them reach their goals. They aren't surprised nor take it personally if the game gets rough or some of the calls are bad.
A simple message is better
Crockett notes that unsuccessful candidates have a tendency to over-explain things. CEOs favor candidates who don't get lost in complexities but deliver clear and concise messages. When female executives spend too much time explaining a decision or action, they look unsure, as if they need validation from others to feel secure in their decision-making. Better to keep explanations short and clear so that you don't open yourself up to endless debate.
Likability can get in the way
Unlike male executives, female executives worry about their likability and work to be on good terms with their managers, colleagues and staff. This is natural, of course. You spend a lot of time with these people and getting along with them can make work more enjoyable.
But problems arise when wanting to be liked gets in the way of the job. Focusing on likability can lead to indecision (e.g. not wanting to take a decision that will lead to hard feelings or unpopularity) or incorrect decisions (e.g. where concerns about likability lead to the wrong decision entirely).
Nobody wants to be the social pariah of the office, but hard decisions often aren't popular or well-received. It's better career-wise, says Crockett, to be respected at the office, especially for making sound (if unpopular decisions), and to cultivate friendship elsewhere.
(Susan notes: "Likeability" is extremely tricky territory flush with double standards for women, and frankly, depending on the unwritten rules and preferences of the senior leadership team, it may be a doable task – or an impossible challenge. Likeability for women leaders is tremendously complicated, and those who succeed always have, often in concert with the CEO, explicitly thought this through and found a way to make it work.)
Success in your current job isn't always enough
The Human Sigma principles developed by Gallup are being applied and rewarded everywhere, yet senor women don't always understand how to apply these principles to their own careers/brand. It's crucial that you do, however, because applying these principles reduces the variability of how you come across with regard to:
- Maintaining a consistent method of communication
- Developing a disciplined process for self-evaluation and subsequent improvement
- Regular tweaking or improving upon how you're delivering yourself to your workforce and/or clients.
The Human Sigma principles simply state that there isn't a single best way of doing things as a professional . . . but there is a single best outcome. For executive women, that means successfully moving up the corporate ladder to the desired position — and beyond.
The successful executive sees the whole field, understands the players and patterns, finds her own way to navigate through the game by utilizing her own personal best practices and thus, to some extent, consciously managing – and at times manipulating — the desired results.


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Dear Hollywood: Cast Gina Torres As Wonder Woman
Seriously, I'm not messing around. Now that Amazon has been tabled, it's time to get serious about Diana.
Gina Torres is well-known in science-fiction circles as a versatile character actress. She has been Cleopatra on Xena, a freelance assassin on Alias, an evil god bent on enslaving humanity on Angel, and a pirate queen on Hercules, among others. Her most well-beloved role, though, was as first mate Zoë Washburne on Joss Whedon's cult classic Firefly.
Of course, a geek pedigree isn't a good enough reason to hand her one of the most famous super-heroines of all time. But combined with the following, she's the perfect fit.
2. Gina Torres isn't 12 years old.
Why that matters: Trying to make Diana a teenager or keep her in the arrested development of her early twenties is boring. It's Wonder Woman, not Wonder Girl. Audiences have seen the age-old "girl gets powers, girl learns how to use powers, girl has boy trouble" a thousand times. That's not to say Hollywood should just age her up and give her man troubles. Part of the joy of her character is the decided lack of love entanglement. If we're daydreaming anyway, just throw off the veil and make her a lesbian.
3. Gina Torres is statuesque and gorgeous.
Why that matters: If there is one thing Wonder Woman is good at, it's making her presence known in a room — and not just for being beautiful, but because she exudes strength and power. That isn't something easily faked; either an actress can command a room by twitching an eyebrow or she can't.
4. Gina Torres knows how to be a badass.
Why that matters: Wonder Woman is a badass. She kicks ass and takes names. She's not sitting around waiting for the men to save her. Half the time, she's saving them.
5. Gina Torres tempers her badass characters with human emotion.
Why that matters: A large part of the reason Wonder Woman is such a tricky character to grasp is her stoic nature. Writers seem to have a hard time making Diana relatable. She ends up feeling alien, which she technically is, or robotic, as if human emotions are beyond her. The Princess of the Amazons deserves to be a strong female character without surgically removing all softness from her personality.
6. Gina Torres already IS Wonder Woman.
No, seriously. Doesn't she sound amazing?
- Donald Trump accused former Miss Universe Alicia Machado of conning Hillary Clinton in a Twitter rant Friday morning.
- World leaders hailed the legacy of former Israeli statesman Shimon Peres at his state funeral in Jerusalem.
- Anti-mafia police in Naples have recovered two Vincent van Gogh paintings that were stolen in Amsterdam 14 years ago.


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Joshua Pipho's blood was found inside the Stevenson Ranch home — in the garage, laundry room and upstairs bathroom — where his alleged killer, Michael Dean Stephens, lived, a DNA analyst told San Fernando Superior Court on Friday.
Anselmo Casas, a senior criminalist who works in the biology section of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, said blood samples collected inside the single-family home in the 26000 block of Singer Place contained specific genetic information identical to Pipho's genetic information.
Casas said he analyzed blood samples taken from the top and front of a washing machine inside the home and from a shower door, then determined they were a match to Pipho's DNA profile.
Pipho's blood was found on the 4-inch blade of a folding knife and on the knife's handle, he said.
Putting on surgical gloves, Casas opened an envelope given to him by Deputy District Attorney Mary Sedgwick on the witness stand, pulled a folding knife from the envelope and told the jury it was the same one he had examined.
Pipho's blood was also found, he said, inside, outside and underneath a dark-blue Lincoln Mark VIII recovered by sheriff's detectives at the Singer Place home.
Blood samples lifted from the car's steering wheel, driver's door, driver's seat, gas pedal and undercarriage were also identified as Pipho's blood through Casas' DNA analysis.
Casas explained to the jury that DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid and is the genetic material found in cells.
Putting the "matches" he made into perspective, he told jurors there is at least a one-in-sextillion chance that genetic information found in the samples belonged to someone other than Josh Pipho, with a sextillion being a thousand billion.
Stephens, now 21, faces two felony counts in the stabbing of two men in November 2007 — he is accused of killing one and critically injuring the other. He is charged with murder and attempted premeditated murder.
Before Friday's court proceedings got underway, Stephens walked into the courtroom from the custody area wearing a gray jacket, his tie draped around his shoulders.
Defense lawyer Peter J. Korn stood up to face his client, then tied and straightened Stephens' tie.
The body of 20-year-old Josh Pipho was found Nov. 23, 2007, in the Diamond Head apartment complex.
In her opening statements presented at the start of the trial, Sedgwick said Stephens stabbed Pipho about 16 times then got into his car and intentionally drove over him. She said Stephens struck Pipho's friend Chad Weitz with the car, and then stabbed him approximately 16 times as well.
A blood sample collected from a blood-stained sidewalk on Steinbeck Avenue matched the DNA profile of Weitz, Casas testified.
Although she did not formally announce that the prosecution rests its case, Sedgwick presented the last of her evidence Friday with video surveillance of the Singer Place home recorded the night after the deadly altercation.
Jurors watched half a dozen black-and-white video clips of cars pulling in and out of the home on Singer Place, and of people coming and going from the home as late as 3 a.m. on Nov. 24, 2007.
The surveillance video footage of the Stephens' driveway was recorded by the family's next-door neighbor and stamped with the date and time it was shot.
Detective Bob Kenney of the Sheriff's Department interpreted for the jury what was taking place on the video, pointing out on a chart at one point that the Singer Place home is 1.4 miles from the Diamond Head apartment complex.
Korn, who is expected to begin presenting his case Monday, had no cross-examination questions for either Casas or Kenney.


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Hair Regrowth via Stem Cell: Follica Video on MSNBC
MSNBC posted a small segment on Follica. It gives a lay overview of their stem-cell-based hair regrowth technology, including a photo showing full pigmentless regrowth on a mouse.
Follica's co-founder, George Cotsarelis, is shown predicting a market release "within a few years" under "perfect" circumstances. It is also confirmed that human trials should begin "within the next year or two".
Link to video on MSNBC's page


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The Six Worst Excuses by Anti-Gay Public Figures Caught Doing (Allegedly) Gay Things
From weight loss to fear of black people.By Dan Amira
From weight loss to fear of black people.By Dan Amira
Groups him into the subgroup "Unethical Democrats," that is.By Mike Vilensky
The general was allegedly conspiring with Dick Cheney to ... run for president!By Chris Rovzar
A full-blown (heh) investigation is under way.By Dan Amira
That was the tickle that broke the camel's back.By Chris Rovzar
Plus pro wrestling and filibusters, on our regular late-night roundup.By Dan Duray
Plus Stephen Colbert auto-tuned on our regular late-night roundup.By Dan Duray
Plus non-sexual groping, on our regular late-night roundup.By Dan Duray
Things get dicey in chat with caller about Massa scandal.By Josh Duboff
Hopefully this doesn't mean the end of his TV appearances.By Josh Duboff
We're not talking about looking at fish, either. We're not entirely sure what we're talking about, actually.By Dan Amira
Congress's darkest secret is finally out in the open.By Dan Amira
"They are always coming down on the guys that are having tickle fights with their staffers. It just seems so unfair to stereotype."By Chris Rovzar
Massa denies "groping," reversal from interview with Beck earlier today.By Josh Duboff
Also, the Fox News host tried to get him to blame someone else for his problems.By Chris Rovzar
Now he's groping people.By Dan Amira
Republicans are embracing the ex-congressman's tales of Rahm Emanuel's intimidation tactics, but Democrats expect him to backfire.By Michael Idov
Who knew this guy was going to be so much fun?By Chris Rovzar
"Well, what I really ought to be doing is frakking you."By Dan Amira
This will leave his seat wide open to Republicans in his right-leaning district.By Chris Rovzar


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How to remove index numbers from each line of text file
I have a text file in which there are 10000 lines. There are 225 numerical values on each line and each numerical value is followed by a index number and a colon e.g., 1:0.021354 2:0.125432 3:451321 ...... 225:0.001254.
Now I want to remove this indexing. I know how to add indexing but could not perform to remove that. Please help me in solving this problem. Thanks
Here is the code for adding indexing.
static void Main(string[] args)
|All times are GMT +5.5. The time now is 19:15.


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class="entry_widget_large entry_widget_right">
Achieving contributions of $7,800, the 2012 New Providence Crop Walk of Sunday afternoon, Oct. 14, was a large success. Plus, donations continue to occur.
Planned by Faith Lutheran Church and hosted by United Methodist Church, the Crop Walk saw 86 adults and children, with signs and balloons, hiking the three mile route through town. The walkers were members of six area churches.
The chairpersons of the walk were Chris Melhuish and Joanne Warin of New Providence, who are also members of Faith Lutheran.
All of the contributions will be donated to Church World Service, an interdenominational organization which combats hunger in the United States and around the world. The focus of Church World Service is meeting the needs of the most disadvantaged people. Church World Service will return 25% of the money to the soup kitchen at St. John's Roman Catholic Church in Newark. With the pending arrival of winter and other soup kitchens having closed, the needs of St. John's are significant.
Those wishing to make contributions to the walk can send their donations to Faith Lutheran Church, 524 South Street, New Providence, NJ 07974. For more information, call 908-464-5177 or visit famfaith.org.


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Get an overview of this hotel3-star hotel, walk to Norman-Hohenstaufen Castle
Collect 200 points
Simply enter your Nectar card number when prompted. Your points will be credited 30 days after you return from your trip.*Offers may apply
Situated in Bari, this hotel is within a 10-minute walk of Piazza Giuseppe Garibaldi and Norman-Hohenstaufen Castle. Teatro Piccinni and Norman Castle are also within 10 minutes.
Hotel Features
Along with a bar/lounge, this hotel has self parking and meeting rooms. Free buffet breakfast and free WiFi in public areas are also provided. Additionally, dry cleaning, laundry facilities, and a 24-hour front desk are onsite.
Room Amenities
All 69 rooms provide free WiFi, minibars, and satellite TV. Guests will also find room service, free newspapers, and hair dryers.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!Opens in a new window
Boston HotelVia Niccolò Piccinni, 155 Bari BA 70122
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. Guests can enjoy a complimentary breakfast. Public areas are equipped with complimentary high-speed wireless Internet access.
This Bari hotel also offers multilingual staff, laundry facilities, and dry cleaning/laundry services. Onsite parking is available (surcharge).
- 24-hour front desk
- Bar/lounge
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Total number of rooms - 69
- Elevator/lift
- Express check-in
- Express check-out
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Luggage storage
- Laundry facilities
- Meeting rooms
- Multilingual staff
- Self parking (surcharge)
- Television in common areas
- Free breakfast
- Free WiFi
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Free Wi-Fi
- Laundry facilities
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Self parking (surcharge)
Room Amenities
- Free newspaper
- Air conditioning
- Minibar
- Daily housekeeping
- Private bathroom
- Hair dryer
- Bidet
- Shower only
- Desk
- Satellite TV service
- Cribs/infant beds available
- Free WiFi
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- In-room safe
- Room service (limited hours)
Where to Eat
Guests are offered a complimentary buffet breakfast.
Room service (during limited hours) is available.
Nearby Things to Do
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Bicycle rentals nearby
To make special requests for accessibility needs, please note them at check-out when you book your room.
- Accessible bathroom
- Roll-in shower
- In-room accessibility
Hotel Policies
Check-in time ends at midnight
Check-in time starts at 2 PM
Check-out time is noon
Payment types
- Pets not allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
Optional extras
- Self parking fee: EUR 17 per day
Hotel Name
- Boston Bari
- Boston Hotel Bari
We should mention
All guests, including children, must be present at check-in and show their government-issued photo ID card or passport. Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 2999.99, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation. Children 3 years old and younger stay free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding.


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They would not leave him until he woke: A unanimous decision. For now, his instability had ceased and Melody was checking on him.
"Don't you feel like you know him, Dess? It's killing me, because obviously, we never would have seen him"
"I understand. He's a strange character. What do you think he'll do once he wakes?"
"Probably vanish again; go back to how it was before we met him. There are plenty of things he's not telling us that I want to know, but I don't think he's like any other person we've interrogated. He's been invisible for at least seven years, if not more."
Unbeknownst to the girls, Brody had been awake to hear that last snippet of conversation. A slight smile touched his lips, his thoughts finally calming as he realized they were safe. The invisibility began to creep over his body, giving him the weightlessness he needed to move. His sisters would notice any minute now. Brody slipped past them, the only sign of his motion a rustling of their hair. That, however, was enough for melody to spin around in alarm.
"Destiny! He's gone! We need to find him; he's in no shape to move."
"Brody sighed, forcing his voice into an audible state,
"Don't worry about me. There's an army waiting for you north of here; you'll need to avoid them to get to the base. Oh, and there's only one base in the area. Those guys you killed a few days ago lied."
Melody grinned in triumph, having been the one who guessed they'd been lying first. Destiny's lips pursed; she wasn't happy about Brody/William moving about with such a serious injury.
"You won't ever see me again. I'm sorry, but this is the way it has to be. Maybe you'll catch a glimpse of me now and then, but don't pursue it. Should anyone find out about me, we'll all be in danger."
The voice faded, leaving the girls to pack their few items and create a plan. This battle would be a quiet one.
A few hours later, Destiny and Melody found the army, consisting of thousands of Lies soldiers, camping for the night in a forested basin. The base would be beyond them, more than likely cleverly hidden. Brody watched while his black-clad sisters crept silently-almost as silently as him-through the masses of tents holding sleeping soldiers. A pulse of pain in his shoulder inspired a scary thought: What if his shoulder was ruined? The bullet had been a through-and-through, which meant he might have a permanent hole there. Testing it out, he found he could only bring his arm to about mid-chest before it slackened in pain. Mid-chest was high enough to shoot a gun, though.
A solitary wooden hut stood separate from the rest of the tents, light seeping out of it eerily. Destiny took the left of the door, Melody the right, and Brody washed through it. Two girls, one blonde and one brunette, wearing captain colors argued over some unknown issue. The door exploded inward, shards flying through Brody's spectral form.
The captain girls froze, pointing to each other,
"She did it, not me!!"
More chapters will appear in subsequent issues.