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Why Did My Discus Die?
Posted 23 May 2010 - 06:23 PM
Posted 23 May 2010 - 06:32 PM
Tank size:
tank temp:
Fish Symptoms (include full description including lesion, color, location, fish behavior):
Volume and Frequency of water changes:
Chemical Additives or Media in your tank:
Tank inhabitants:
Recent additions to your tank (living or decoration):
Exposure to chemicals:
Digital photo (include if possible):
I always like to add to this; what make & model of filtration, what have you been feeding them, and what are the actual tank measurements?
Off the top of my head, that tank is rather small for two discus. I've seen breeders keep large breeding pairs in 29 gallon tanks, but they change an amazing amount of water, large water changes every other day. Another thing is staying by the heater, which I'm assuming is towards the back, which may indicate an internal protozoan issue.
Posted 23 May 2010 - 06:35 PM
I bought a orange checkerboard discus about 3 months ago and put him in a 90 litre tank with another slighly bigger cobalt blue discus which ive had for about a year. When i first introduced the checkerboard into the tank he was bullied by the other discus for a few days but it calmed down and they lived relatvily peacefully together. After a couple of weeks i noticed the checkedboard had lil bits missing from his tail/fins but it didnt seem to bother him and i just thought it might have been where the blue discus had been chasing him in those 1st few days. Anyway - yesterday he seemed a bit 'off' just sitting near the heater not really swimming round much and just thought id keep an eye on him till monday where i could take him to the pet shop. He hadnt really moved today when i looked him this morning - we went out for the day and he was dead when i got back he was in a terrible state (which he wasnt the night before for sure) with his eyes bulging out and redness around his gills. I last did a 70% water change last week. I've since tested the water at the results were all within normal readings apart from the ph which was low (but it has always been low and id tried using the ph up from pets at home) So does anyone know why he went downhill so fast and suddenly? I mean obv im a bit gutted since i paid £30 for him and he was gorgeous
For a start, 90 litres is no way big enough for discus. These guys can get to 8 inches x 8 inches and need much, much bigger tanks. Tanks that are too small increase the risk of poor water conditions and also put a huge amount of stress on the fish, which can be fatal. I would recommend a 18" x 18" x 48" tank (so 1.5 foot x 1.5 foot x 4 foot) tank.
Discus are fish that generally need a very high level of care. They need large weekly water changes, low pH and soft water. Many keepers spend the extra and get RO water for their discus because they benefit from such specific water conditions. Why did you use pH Up product for discus? How low is your pH? Using these pH adjusting products generally causes more problems than they solve and if used carelessly, will cause the fish to become rather unwell due to the sudden change in pH and water chemistry.
You say readings for other things were normal - what did you test and what exact results did you get? Normal is a very subjective thing and many people (including pet shops) will say certain bad readings are OK simply because they don't actually understand why they mean.
Dead fish tend to look pretty awful. Apart from seeming "off", what exact symptoms did he have? Any redness? Heavy breathing? Swimming badly?
Posted 23 May 2010 - 06:44 PM
ph is 6.4 (as i said low - but they seemed to cope after having tried to raise it)
No3 -10
no2 - 1
gh - 8od
kh - 6od
cl2 - 0
Temp is currently 28 degrees
I do a 70-805 change once a month which i did last weeks and a 10% every week
I have a ehiem water filter (dont know the model off the top of my head)
Other tank inhabitants are - 1 barb, 2 mollies and 2 other small ones which i cant remember the name of!
The discus which has died was the last addition to the tank, last night he looked normal on colour, eyes ect he was just staying near the back of the tank where the heater is. When i found him he was pale with bulging eyes which had like a film over them and redness around the gills, his fins where also all 'raggy' but as i said that wasnt the case last night and none of the other fish seem to be affected
Thanks for your help
Posted 23 May 2010 - 07:02 PM
the tank size is 90l (which as u pointed out is probs a bit small for 2 discus but with them only been quite small i thought id just upgrade when they got bigger)
Problem with that is often the fish have become stressed by trying to grow in a tank that is too small for them and the damage gets done. Some fish will be fine to be upgraded but with big fish like discus, many people can't (or won't) get the big tanks they need but still buy them with the intention of upgrading, despite the fact that the fish may become damaged.
Be honest with yourself - can you get a 4 foot long tank? If it's a no, sell or rehome the discus. Don't try to keep them in such a small tank.
ph is 6.4 (as i said low - but they seemed to cope after having tried to raise it)
A pH of 6.4 is fine, I don't know why you were worrying. It's quite low for some species but for discus it is fine. It is not fine, however, for mollies. Many pet shops don't give a flying fig about your pH or hardness and if they do say anything, it will usually be very wrong. Many places tell people they need a pH of 7 for everything or will say that a pH or 6 or 8 it dangerous and must be raised. All rubbish. They also don't tend to know which species require what kind of pH or hardness to their water. For instance - mollies and discus should not be in the same tank as they are both sensitive to the pH of their water and need totally different pH. Discus need it low, mollies need it high. Whoever sold you those was an idiot and shouldn't be working with animals.
No3 -10
no2 - 1
gh - 8od
kh - 6od
cl2 - 0
I do a 70-805 change once a month which i did last weeks and a 10% every week
NO2 is 1? As in, 1.0 mg/l or ppm (which is the same thing, btw)?
That is a lethal level. That looks like a small number but with NO2 (nitrite), it must be at ZERO all the time. Even 0.25 is too much. This causes very nasty nerve damage and brain damage and WILL kill fish.
With discus I would recommend about 40% a week for a healthy tank but as yours is unhealthy (from the high level if nitrite(, you need to test your water every day and do large (50-90%) daily water changes to keep that level reading at zero.
What is your ammonia reading? Are you using test strips? These are pretty rubbish and with delicate fish like discus you need to have really good quality, accurate test kits. Get a liquid test kit and make sure it includes tests for ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and pH.
Ammonia MUST be zero
Nitrite MUST be zero
Nitrate should be kept under 20 for discus
pH should be low and stable
Other tank inhabitants are - 1 barb, 2 mollies and 2 other small ones which i cant remember the name of!
Barbs should be kept in much larger groups - at least 6 but the more the better. What kind of barbs? Essential to know as some are small and peaceful, some are very nippy and some get HUGE. In a small group they'll be miserable (even if you can't tell) and will be more likely to nip and harass the other fish (which may happen at night so you might not see it).
Also important to know what the other two are, and ideally what sex your mollies are (although that's a different subject). Try to get some photos if you can.
How long have you had the tank set up?
Sorry, I'm not having a go at you. It sounds like the shop has given you some awful advice. Stick with us and you'll soon know enough to run rings around your average pet shop employee, plus you've have happier, healthier pets.
Have a read here and compare that to the advice you got and how you were told to set up your tank. Please ask any questions!
Edited by Assaye, 23 May 2010 - 07:04 PM.
Posted 23 May 2010 - 07:27 PM
I have no idea what sex the mollies are! i will try an upload a photo when i can.
As for the barbs i was originally sold 2 when i 1st got the tank last august, but one died a couple of weeks later.
Thanks again for the advice.
Posted 23 May 2010 - 08:20 PM
alot of people recomend the API test kit, i use it and the results never go off as i test twice.
Posted 23 May 2010 - 09:20 PM
Thank you for your advice so far. I have already looked in to getting a larger tank but as we are hoping to move in the next few months i thought it'd be easier to get it then. It is the test strips i am using which is why i said it my 1st post all the reading were within normal limits apart from the ph level which according to that was too low. The amonia level was also 0. How come if the water is so poor the other fish seem to be thriving, including the other discus?
I have no idea what sex the mollies are! i will try an upload a photo when i can.
As for the barbs i was originally sold 2 when i 1st got the tank last august, but one died a couple of weeks later.
Thanks again for the advice.
Those strips are not accurate enough for fragile fish and they tend to give very generic (and often unreliable) advice about what "good" readings are.
As for why the fish seem fine - they don't, one died. Even if other fish seem OK, a dead fish is a dead give away that something isn't right. In the wild a weak fish is a dead fish, because it would be very likely to get predated upon by larger fish. So even rather unwell fish are very well adapted to see Ok until they are too ill to save. It's also very hard to tell if fish are Ok because we're not fish. Unless someone is really quite experienced with fish they tend to miss the subtle signs that something isn't OK with the tank. As well as that, some of the damage done by poor water conditions is gradual. In the case of nitrite poisoning, the fish will behave normally until the damage gets so bad that they just stop working internally. It's like smoking - many people smoke for years and look fine but suddenly they might start getting sick because their body just can't function any more with all the damage they have done.
In short, testing with a reliable test kit and maintaining perfect water is the best method of keeping the fish safe. It prevents problems occuring and when they do occur, it makes it easier to treat the problem (such as an illness) without poor water stressing the fish further. it's always better to prevent problems rather than just react when something is already wrong - it saves the fish a lot of suffering and helps keep your workload down.
As I said, have a good read of that link. It'll explain the details of the nitrogen cycle and why these chemicals are bad for the fish and will give you good advice on how to stop these problems occuring.
If your tank has been set up for nearly a year you shouldn't be seeing nitrite at all as the bacteria in the filter should be plentiful enough to deal with it.
Do you ever wash/replace the filter media, and if you do, how do you do it? And do you use a tap water conditioner? Which do you use?
Edited by Assaye, 23 May 2010 - 09:21 PM.
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The Department of Defense Community Relations Department has lots of suggestions for ways to help others and support the troops during the holiday season. Here are their suggestions:
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Tue 7 May 2013
Bucket hats for summer
Posted by Melissa under Finished Projects, Sewing
[2] Comments
I'm home with a sick James today, who is now napping, so it's the perfect chance to sneak a blog update in. With all of the gorgeous summer weather we've had here this spring, I realized that James needed a new sun hat. That realization and the discovery that I already had the perfect pattern in the Liesel Gibson's book Little Things to Sew was all the prompting I needed to do some kiddo sewing. I love it when I can make a project without buying anything!
James' hat came first from a solid oatmeal colored linen fabric and a woven plaid. I had about given up getting a modeled shot of the hat, since he would always whip it off instantly, but miraculously he left his hat on this weekend at the park. (I think when it's really sunny and hot, he likes it.) So I chased him around the park (literally) with my phone camera, taking whatever pictures I could.
Of course, when Alice saw me making a hat for James, she just had to have one, and we had fun picking out the fabrics together from my stash. The funny thing was that Alice and James wear the same hat size, so that made all the cutting and marking easy! (As you can imagine, there are many So I Married an Axe Murderer "head" quotes bandied about our house.)
Alice picked out a lovely Erin McMorris print for her hat, and I talked her into lining it with a yellow Violet Craft print that coordinated perfectly. I was thrilled with the fabric she picked and a bit surprised, since she's been in an "everything pink" mood lately. She was satisfied with the occasional pink flower of this print however.
She was an easier model, but there were definitely a lot of goofing around outtakes to sort through…
As for the pattern itself, I found it to be quick & easy, though obviously there's a lot of sewing curves. I made a small mod with Alice's hat where I sewed in the lining of the crown with RST and left a hole to turn it through, hand stitching just 2 inches or so, versus hand stitching the entire thing as the pattern instructs. It was easier with better results that way. I definitely see more of these hats in our future.
2 Responses to " Bucket hats for summer "
wow, both of your kids are getting so big! great hats.
What adorable children under those cute hats. AND, what a talented and energetic mom. Then to "top" it off (pun intended), bright sunshine in the northwest!


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Account Director, Esquire (1783)
- Employer
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- Location
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- Posted
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- Closes
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- Category
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Pre-order is up. $4 minimum to pre-order. If you buy on release it still seems to be pay what you want from $1 up.
I pre-ordered to not have to deal with the zergrush at launch. Plus I feel a little guilty for lowballing them with $1 last time, even if they did bungle things up royally.
Are you sure that the minimum will be $1 on release? I don't see that explained anywhere on the site.


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GIBSON TOWNSHIP, MI — Two Bay County residents were killed Monday night when the motorcycle they were riding crashed into a farm tractor.
Twenty-six year old Kevin Hatfield of Bentley and his passenger 20-year-old Shilo Runberg of Bay City were driving east on M-61 near Carter about 8:15 p.m. Monday.
Michigan State Police troopers said a tractor signaled a left turn to continue on northbound Carter about the same time.
Witnesses told investigators the tractor was in mid-turn when the motorcycle attempted to pass the tractor on the left.
The motorcycle crashed into the rear wheel of the tractor, ejecting Hatfield and Runberg and causing fatal injuries.
Troopers said the two riding the motorcycle were not wearing helmets.
The tractor driver was not injured.
Speed is believed to be a contributing factor in the crash, according to investigators.
The Bay County Sheriff's Department, Northern Bay Ambulance and Mount Forest Township Fire assisted the Michigan State Police at the scene.
Anyone with information about this crash should call the Michigan State Police Bay City Post at 989-684-2234.


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Airplane Rule
From the
(aka TheJargonLexicon
) 4.1.4:
airplane rule
Complexity increases the possibility of failure; a twin-engine airplane has twice as many engine problems as a single-engine airplane." By analogy, in both software and electronics, the rule that simplicity increases robustness. It is correspondingly argued that the right way to build reliable systems is to put all your eggs in one basket, after making sure that you've built a really good basket. See also
, elegant.
Actually, doubling the engines gets you more than twice the complexity. The airplane gets heavier so you require more fuel to keep it aloft. Which makes it heavier, so you need more horsepower and more fuel... you get the idea.
[Those things (fuel, etc) scale with the doubling of engines, but adding two engines you now have to worry about resonance on the single fuselage though which you never had to worry about before.]
There's a probability angle here. A lot of people writing on this page assume that engine failures are not correlated, which probably isn't true. Suppose an engine has a 50% probability of failing. On a single engine plane, there's a 50% chance that the single engine will fail in-flight. Now, for a twin engine plane, we'd expect that each engine has a 50% chance of failing, so there's only a 25% chance that both engines will fail during the flight.
Except the real odds of both engines failing are much higher, because both engines are on the same airplane, which is a strong correlation. Any environmental or systems factors that could cause one engine to fail are likely to affect the other engine equally. Suppose, for instance, the plane flies through a squadron of migrating geese and both engines are jammed up with goose feathers. If 20% of single engine failures are caused by goose-feather jammings or other environmental factors, the probability of both engines failing rises from 25% to 30% (is that the right answer?), because the failures are correlated.
Yep. In this kind of analysis, correlations should be looked at first, not last. However, some things that appear to be correlations can be treated separately. For instance, typically the age of the two engines is strongly correlated, so failure due to age-related issues will be correlated. But often you can just look at the
expectancy of failures for each engine separately, because the failure of one for age-related reasons does not actually cause a failure of the other.
The issue with the geese is different, because then you have the same direct cause of failure for both engines.
The airplane rule is not about catastrophic failure, i.e. both engines malfunction. It is about maintenance cost. And two engines will double your cost for spare parts.
That depends on the failure rates. The need for replacements for planned maintenance will double, but the inventory to cover for some rarer failures will not double, as the stock need not be double. The real doubling would be if there were to be two engines of different type.
Getting bigger doesn't directly equate with
What does happen though is that not only do you need a unified control system for the two engines, but you also need the flexibility to drive them independently (in case one fails). Also, the fuel system must now allow feeding to two distinct sources, without simply segregating into two copies of the simpler version ... wouldn't do to run out of fuel in the left wing just because you can't get the fuel in the right wing across (whose engine you've cut).
Also, you'll add more stuff to it to support the extra things it can now do. It's better suited to IFR and overwater flights than a single-engine plane, so you'll add more navigation instruments to support those capabilities. It can now fly higher, so you may pressurize it. It will go faster, so you will probably give it retractable gear. All of this adds weight and complexity. Be sure to add lots more stuff to the cockpit for the pilot to manage all this stuff. Oh, and the wing loading is going to go up--it won't be capable of going as slow as a single-engine plane. That means that human errors will get you into trouble faster.
I heard that a recent study found that civilian pilots have many more accidents in twin-engine planes than in single-engine planes. If true, it makes sense, because the engines are now much more reliable than a pilot who is dealing with too much complexity.
It has been said that for the inexperienced pilot, in the case of an engine failure, the second engine is there to get you to the site of the crash.
A pilot must be trained and current with engine-out procedures in this type of aircraft. The stopped engine will cause a great deal of drag until the prop on that side is feathered. Once the prop is feathered, there will still be an asymmetric thrust and lift which must be accounted for with rudder and aileron. All this has to be done very quickly. It has also been found that most engine failures occur shortly after takeoff (i.e. close to the ground). Some of these problems are addressed in the design of the Cessna Skymaster, which has a fore-and-aft tractor and pusher configuration. --
Example problem: The 1989 Kegworth air disaster, where a 2-engined airliner lost one engine on the landing approach, but the crew turned off the wrong engine (for various complicated and interesting reasons) and the plane hit the M1 motorway. --
Don't forget that adding the second engine serves a purpose though. Although it is about twice as likely for a twin-engine plane to have
engine problem than a single-engine plane, a twin is thousands of times less likely to lose
its engines than is a single engine plane. --
Really "thousands of times"? I know little about aviation, but it seems like faults that would take out both engines (electrical failure? contaminated fuel?) would happen at least once per thousand engine failures.
Good point about the kinds of failures that would take out both engines, but ... I was referring to failures of the engines inherent in the engines themselves (e.g. broken crankshaft). A fuel problem (or running out of fuel) will clearly take out both engines, and having more engines won't help. In most aircraft, an electrical system failure won't take out any engines at all; the electrical system is only used to run the starter motor. --
One of the safest (i.e., fewest crashes caused by mechanical failure) airplanes in the world is the C-130 transport plane used by the US military to transport troops and equipment. It's got four turbo-props, and can fly with just one functioning. However, there was an incident a few years back where a C-130 from the
air national guard base lost all four engines and ditched in the Pacific Ocean, killing all but one crewman aboard. Nobody else but the crew was on the plane. An engine synchronizer circuit, designed to keep the engines running at the same speed and phase, failed--and managed to shut down all four. With the electrical system thus shut down, there was no way to restart the engines while airborne, and the plane plunged into the ocean. The synchronizer circuit, IIRC, was there to improve performance and efficiency--it wasn't necessary for basic flight operations; the plane would fly perfectly well with each engine running independently.
Plus, you can get more thrust from two engines than from one, in applications where that matters.
There isn't a medical application out there at Class II or above that uses exactly one processor to run it. Why? Because one Master and one Safety can backcheck each other and make sure that a single point of failure won't cause a patient to die. I worked on one Class III apheresis machine that had 14 processors in it, and each one was needed.
This is off-topic but I'd love to know what Class II and Class III mean in this context. MedicalApplicationClasses
[Class I is a device for which the controls are sufficient to provide reasonable assurance of the safety and effectiveness of the device.
Class II is a device used to support or sustain human life and requires "special controls" to assure the safe and effective operation of the instrument.
Class III is the most stringent regulatory category for medical devices. Class III devices are usually those that support or sustain human life, are of substantial importance in preventing impairment of human health, or which present a potential, unreasonable risk of illness or injury.
You can learn more by going to the FDA site and looking at the provisions of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Medical device classification is covered under Section 501 [
Simpler is not always better. It smacks of
That's not so much the issue as is
; it's the specific kind of simplicity that aids analysis, not just any old kind of simplicity.
Tell me that having 14 processors doesn't make some aspect of it simpler. Ideally, one _never_ adds complexity for complexity's sake. Most likely it simplifies some aspect of fault-tolerance; it's a lot easier to deal with one failing processor among several than one failing transistor among several in a single processor. Simplification of the proof/demonstration of tolerance is still simplification. --
This is reaching back a half dozen years or so, and some of the details have faded. The apheresis machine had six pumps that all operated independently. Each of the six axes had a board with two processors; a primary and a safety. One CPU was for external communications and wasn't critical to the instrument's safe operation. The last processor did all the UI and instrument management stuff, I think, but I don't remember.
This is where the details really begin to break up. As I recall, each of the six axes had a primary CPU that was on the board most closely related to the axis. However, the safety CPU was on a
board, randomly assigned at power up or procedure start or something. The idea was that a complete CPU board failure wouldn't freeze up an axis. The safety processor would take over (from afar) and finish the procedure. This was kinda important when you had as much as a liter and a half of the patient's blood hanging around in tubes, pumps, bags, centrifuge, and various other plumbing.
So, the use of all those 14 processors was important. This was not a case of doing something in a complex way because the simple solution was too hard.
Multiple engines are also needed for redundancy. In case of one failing, there is another to take place of the failing or non-functioning engine. Both in the military and in commercial aviation, by having properly-trained pilots this redundancy outweighs the statistical complexity.
Speaking of pilots, airliners have a pilot and a co-pilot, and to prevent a single point of failure they aren't allowed to have the same in-flight meal.
I think accounting goes against this -- after all, its heart is
. This system involves making at least two entries for every transaction: a debit in one account, and a corresponding credit in another account. The sum of all debits should always equal the sum of all credits, providing a simple way to check for errors. But... by the rule stated at the beginning of this page, double entry actually increases the likehood of errors, doesn't it?
Yes, it should approximately double the overall likelihood of an error occurring, but it greatly decreases the probability of having an error without knowing that it exists.
IIRC, back when US fighercraft had code numbers in the teens, the USAF birds (F-15, F-16) had one engine and navy birds (F-14, F-18) had two. I'm guessing that the theory was that loss of power was much more catastrophic in the Navy than the Air Force, considering how often the Navy is flying over water.
See also:
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July 22, 2014
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Doug Porter
General Information:
My name is Doug Porter and I currently teach for Rising Sun Ohio County Community Schools. I have taught for fourteen years. During that time I have taught 6th grade life science, 7th grade earth and space science, 8th grade physical science, and high school biology, integrated science, technical science and chemistry. During my career at Rising Sun, I have also been a member of the school district's technology committee, and have coached the robotics team, academic team, solar race team, science Olympic team, high fuel mileage race team, the cycling team and the aerospace club.
I have BA in Anthropology, a BS in Biology and a Master's degree in education. I am certified to teach Biology, General Science, Physical Science and Chemistry
Activities, Honor, Awards
I have attended the National Congress on Aviation and Space Education in 2003, the NASA Educator Astronaut conferences 2004 to present, the 2005 NASA and Challenger Center teacher workshop in Brownsburg, Indiana.
I interviewed at Johnson Space center to be an Educator Astronaut in 2004. I am currently a member of the NSTA, a Lilly Teacher Creativity Fellow, a member of the Network of Educator Astronaut Teachers, an Aerospace Educator, an Airspace Systems Education cohortmember and most recently was selected as one of 250 teachers across the nation for a Northrop Grumman Weightless Flights of Discovery Flight, through Zero-G Corporation.
Part-time I work for the Cincinnati iSPACE Challenger Center as a robotics and aeronautics camp instructor and serve on the iSPACE Education committee as Co-chair. I also write and currently have had articles published in Robot Magazine.
Hobbies: Enjoying the time with my family while
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WASHINGTON -- Merck announced yesterday the recall of 1.2 million doses of a vaccine given to infants and toddlers to guard against pneumonia, meningitis and upper respiratory infections, but federal officials said the move is precautionary and the recalled vaccines do not present a health threat.
The New Jersey company recalled 11 lots of its Hib vaccine and two lots of its Comvax vaccine after routine testing detected a sterilization problem at a Merck production facility in West Point, Pa. The company also announced it was shutting down production of the vaccines until late next year.
Officials from the Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control andPrevention and Merck emphasized that no contamination had been found in any of the childhood vaccines themselves and no harm to children had been reported.
The vaccines are recommended for all children under 5 and are usually given in a three-shot series, often starting in infancy. About 14 million doses are administered each year.
One of the recalled vaccines protects against meningitis, pneumonia and other serious infections; the second is a combination vaccine for Hib and hepatitis B.
"There are no cases of reported injuries or adverse event associated with the Hib vaccine," CDC Director Julie Gerberding said.
Gerberding, in a conference call with reporters, said with Merck's decision to halt production, "we absolutely expect a shortage" that could last for several months.
She said Sanofi-Aventis, the other producer of the vaccine, will step up production, and the CDC will release some of its own stockpile to ease problems. But Gerberding said there will be "inconvenience to parents" and a supply problem for some physicians and clinics.
Anne Schuchat, director of the CDC's national center for immunization, said children already vaccinated with the affected lots do not have to be revaccinated and are protected.
She said parents of children who were just recently vaccinated with the affected vaccines should look for "localized skin bumps" around the site of the injection as a sign of a problem. But she said if nothing shows up within a week, there is no reason for concern.
Merck said concerned parents should contact their child's doctor, but emphasized the "potential for contamination of any individual vaccine is low and, if present, the level of contamination would be low."
"However, because the company cannot assure the sterility of these specific lots of vaccine, it is conducting this recall," the company said in a statement.
Merck said doctors should not use the vaccine from the lots being recalled, and should complete the vaccination series for children already started with vaccine not affected by the recall.
Richard Marcus, a Nutley pediatrician, said he received a general alert from the CDC about a month ago saying there would be a supply problem with the Merck vaccine for an unforeseen amount of time. At that point, he had his staff order vaccine from the other manufacturer so he wouldn't run short.
Marcus said the initial CDC alert made no mention of a sterilization problem at Merck's plant, and he continued to vaccinate children with the Merck Hib vaccine in his office. Yesterday, Marcus switched over to the Sanofi vaccine, although he still had not received official notification of the recall.
This story appeared in The Star-Ledger on December 13, 2007.


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text: Xurxo Lobato -- Cover/Getty Images [ Beware of Zombie Pigeons By Paul Wolfe August 21, 2013 | I-95 FM They've come to eat your GRAINS! Read More Category: Articles, Weird Tags: Moscow, Pigeons, Russia, Zombie, Zombie Pigeons Send to a friend! Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr!


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SeaWolves beat Fightin' Phils for 5th win in row
The Erie SeaWolves bullpen has been up and down at different times this season.
It came up with one of its best performances of the year Monday to keep Erie's winning streak going.
Kenny Faulk, Will Startup and Jose Valdez combined to throw 42/3 scoreless innings as the SeaWolves pulled out a 5-4 win over Reading to win their fifth in a row in front of 5,605 fans at Jerry Uht Park.
Erie (49-53) moved to four games under .500 for the first time since June 7 (28-32). The SeaWolves also moved within 71/2 games of Akron for the wild-card spot in the Western Division. Erie hasn't been within eight games of second place since June 19.
"The bullpen pretty much tells the story," Erie manager Lance Parrish said. "They did a great job for us lately, especially in Akron. Kenny has stepped up. I don't know what he's doing differently but I hope he keeps doing it. I think it actually all started in Binghamton when he came in with the bases loaded and nobody out in a one-run game and got out of the jam. It's good to see and it really helps us out."
Faulk entered with runners on second and third and one out in the fifth inning with the game tied 4-4. Faulk struck out Zach Collier, and Matt Tolbert grounded out to end the threat. Faulk then pitched two 1-2-3 innings -- he hasn't allowed a run in 112/3 straight innings.
Startup and Valdez each retired all three batters they faced as the bullpen faced 14 batters and retired all 14. Valdez earned his 14th save of the season and is tied for sixth in franchise history for saves in one season.
In the bottom of the seventh inning, Francisco Martinez reached on a throwing error by the first baseman as he tore down the first base line. Martinez then stole second and third base before scoring on a Craig Albernaz groundout. Erie finished with four stolen bases in the inning.
The SeaWolves bullpen made that one-run lead stand up in another solid performance.
Jason Krizan doubled twice to bring his total up to 24 on the season, while Dixon Machado was 3-for-3 with one walk, two RBIs, a stolen base and his third home run of the season in the second inning.
"It was a good game. I was just looking for a good pitch in the strike zone and to take a good swing on it," Machado said. "My mom was in town and I wanted to play well for her. Every time you get a hit, especially a home run, it's a lift for the rest of the game."
Jake Fox had a two-run home run for Reading (41-58), while Carlos Alonso, the brother of Buffalo Bills linebacker Kiko Alonso, had two hits.
- Notes: Erie will not go with a six-man rotation. Wilsen Palacos will head to the bullpen for the time being, Parrish said. ... A move will be made before today's game, as reliever Bryan Augenstein will come off the temporary inactive list for the SeaWolves. ... Francisco Lindor was promoted to Class AAA Columbus after the game, according to the Cleveland Indians' Twitter account.
TOM REISENWEBER can be reached at 870-1707 or by e-mail. Follow him on Twitter at twitter.com/ETNreisenweber. Read the Extra Innings blog at www.GoErieBlogs.com/extrainnings.


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Google Announces 18 New Android Mobile Phones
At the Google I/O developer conference in San Francisco on May 27, Google's senior director for mobile platforms Andy Rubin made it public that many new Google phones are expected to appear by end of 2009.
According to an article in the New York Times, Google has a direct scoop on 18 new Android-based mobile phones hitting the market by end of this year, with the number perhaps as high as 20. Four or five of these devices should be real Google phones, that is, they'll have the logo and work with Gmail and other services, such as the G1 from T-Mobile.
A majority of the anticipated phones (12 to 14, according to Rubin) subscribe to Google's "small strings" option whereby manufacturers can load Android for free into their devices, but also agree to include Google applications on them. Another five or six vendors subscribe to the "bigger strings" option where devices need to carry the Google logo, but which includes a "no censorship" clause to protect other Android applications developed on them (no matter the risk involved). The third option is "obligation-free," where the devices have no preloaded Google applications, an environment in which Google has less control and where it is harder to predict how many devices of this type will hit the market.
Altogether eight to nine manufacturers will be producing these devices. Most of the devices should appear in Europe, according to Rubin. It seems carriers and makers in the U.S. want to produce relatively fewer but more highly distinctive Android mobile phones to give themselves a competitive edge.
Issue 192/2016
Buy this issue as a PDF
Nextcloud Announces Raspberry Pi-Powered Home Cloud Box
Innovative system adds a hard drive and Ubuntu Core to the RPi for an IoT hub.
Linus Torvalds Confirms the Date of the First Linux Release
Linux is two weeks younger than we thought!
End of OpenOffice?
The Apache Software Foundation considers retiring OpenOffice
Adobe Gives New Life to NPAPI Plugin for Linux
Adobe won't kill the plugin in 2017
LinuxCon North America Convenes in Toronto, Canada
Linux Foundation's big event celebrates the 25th anniversary of Linux
Linux Turns 25
Linux has evolved from "won't be a professional" project to one of the most professional software projects in the history of computers.
Mirantis Joins Hands with SUSE To Offer RHEL Support; Red Hat Not Happy
Competitors get in the game with RHEL without Red Hat
Linux on Windows 10 Poses a Security Risk
Security researchers have already notified Microsoft; some fixes are available
Mirantis to Refactor OpenStack Fuel for Kubernetes
The company is collaborating with Google and Intel to use Kubernetes as an engine for Fuel
Canonical Joins Document Foundation Advisory Board
The upcoming release of LibreOffice will be available as a snap package


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Division of Sport and Exercise Psychology Annual Conference 2012
The Division of Sport and Exercise Psychology Annual Conference has joined the Society's Annual Conference, 18-20th April 2012
With interest in sport and exercise psychology rising rapidly with the run up to London 2012 it is no surprise that our first two biannual conference have been so popular. With a view to widening our appeal, the Division of Sport & Exercise Psychology is delighted to announce our involvement in the British Psychological Society Annual Conference 2012. It will be particularly exciting to be part of the Annual Conference in London in the midst of the Olympic year. We have a fantastic line-up of Keynote and Invited Speakers.
Annual Conference Keynote
Professor Dan Gould, Michigan State University
Professor Sandy Gordon, The University of Western Australia
Dr John Kremer, Queens University Belfast
DSEP Invited Speakers
Professor Nanette Mutrie, University of Strathclyde
Professor Ken Fox, Bristol University
Dr Mark Bawden, Metaphorics Performance Consultants
Booking Information
Information on how to book can be found at the Society's Annual Conference registration page.
Accommodation should be booked directly with your chosen hotel - we have listed a number of hotel options which are close to the conference venue along with instructions of how you can book these.
Grand Connaught Rooms, 61-65 Great Queen Street, London WC2B 5DA


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MORGANTOWN - It was on the tip of everyone's tongue as they left the WVU Coliseum.
Man, this team is so close to being great. They just need that one big win.
Those fans aren't the only ones who believe West Virginia has a chance to be a great basketball team.
The players believe it, too.
"Everybody has seen it," Eron Harris said. "We can beat these teams. We almost beat Wisconsin, we almost beat Purdue. Every big game we have, we almost win."
Same thing happened Saturday against No. 11 Oklahoma State.
The Mountaineers almost won. Instead, they came up one-point short.
"The game is right there for us," Harris said. "Think about what (Oklahoma State) did. They hit the shot to win the game. We missed it. That's it. We're right there. That team didn't beat us. We beat ourselves."
It was Markel Brown's 3-pointer that sealed it for the Cowboys. It wasn't what won the game.
It was West Virginia shooting just 7 of 20 in the second half. It was West Virginia allowing Oklahoma State to earn 26 points of its points in the paint. It was West Virginia letting the Cowboys answer every time it made a big shot in the second half to take away any momentum gained.
"I think something that some people aren't thinking about is maybe some people aren't used to winning," Harris said. "They're not used to being that guy who won that big game. They're not used to being on that team that won that big game. Some people are scared to be great like that.
"It's a mental thing. At the end of the game, can you be as confident as you are at the beginning of the game? In big games, are you as comfortable as you are in small games? I think that great players aren't scared to be great, aren't scared to be the winner."
Juwan Staten has proven he's not scared to be great.
The junior finished with 20 points, eight assists and five rebounds.
"Juwan is trying to win games," WVU coach Bob Huggins said. "I wish everybody else would follow suit sometimes. I told you that he has worked his tail off. He studies; he comes in to play. He doesn't take practice off, and I wish everybody would do the same thing."
Players have been stepping up for the Mountaineers; it's just not been on a regular basis.
Terry Henderson had 21 points, including 5 of 7 from 3, as he finished with his greatest offensive output of the season.
Harris, on the other hand, had only 11 points on 3 of 11 shooting and had one of his worst offensive performances of the season.
"We just want to be consistent," Staten said. "We feel like if we keep plugging at it and do everything we need to do, do everything that coach asks us to do, we'll start producing. That's the only thing that's on our minds. We don't worry about the outcome or what happens. We just want to do everything that we're suppose to do. If we take care of us then that should take care of the game."
"If we get that big win that we've been working for, that's just going to take us over the top mentally," Harris said. "I think that you're going to see a new team once we get that big win. Good thing about our conference is we have a lot of good teams. Every game is going to be a big game. Every single one of them. Ranked teams after ranked teams. We're going to have to fight. That's a lot of chances to build confidence."


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5 Ways Growing Up in a Broken Home Screws Your Love Life
#2. Raising Children Is a Confused Mess
Goodshoot/Goodshoot/Getty Images
You Either Use What You've Learned ...
Raising children after living through a broken home is scary because even if you know you don't want them to go through the hell that you did, you could still very easily fall into your parents' old cycles. If it's all you've ever known, it's the only thing that feels natural. Hell, you were raised that way, and you didn't turn out to be a serial killer, right? (Murderers, please ignore that last part.)
You probably won't even do those bad things as a conscious decision. Being around those actions all your life is enough to embed them into you like an accent in your voice. You're not trying to sound like Forrest Gump ... you just happened to live around an absurd amount of idiots. And no, you're not trying to scream like a psychopath every time a kid spills juice on the carpet ... you just happened to live with people who did that for the first 18 years of your life.
Goodshoot/Goodshoot/Getty Images
"You've turned her into a monstrous freak with your juice rules!"
... Or You Do the Polar Opposite:
On the other side of that coin, it's just as easy to completely eliminate punishments from your parental arsenal. It sounds crazy to "normal" people, and perfectly logical to us fucked-up freaks. The really bad shit was always associated with punishments when you were growing up. Even if they weren't, they felt like it. So why inflict that on your own kids? And while we're at it, you never had cool stuff when you were young, so let's make sure your kids have everything they ever ask for.
Of course, those extremes hardly ever work out. There's a pretty good chance you're going to raise a bunch of assholes and dickheads, and the rest of the world has quite enough of those already, thank you. That middle ground I talked about earlier is so extremely important for a healthy relationship, but it's so hard to learn when you've never really experienced it. I have quite a few friends who have never had kids because they know how they fall into those extremes, and they don't want to fuck up innocent little people.
D. Anschutz/Digital Vision/Getty Images
Honestly, some of them are probably right.
Let me tell you this much: If your logic is along those lines, you are already much more normal than you think. It means you're putting other people's welfare above your own, and that's how the rest of the sane world works. You may be more ready than you imagined. Don't take my word for it and immediately throw away all your condoms; introspection makes for great foreplay in the long run.
#1. Compromise Is an Alien Idea
Creatas/Creatas/Getty Images
You Either Use What You've Learned ...
Everything has to be your way, no matter what. This is your house and your rules. "You paid how much? For fucking curtains? Take them back. You don't spend anything without running it by me first!" Any relationship you have must conform to your personal commandments, or they simply aren't the person for you. They can just fuck right exactly off. No discussion.
If there are kids involved, they have no choice in the matter. Your word is the law, and they will abide by it without protest. You are the parent, not them, and you know what's best, even if you actually have no goddamn clue what you're doing and are just kind of winging it like the rest of the world.
Jupiterimages/Creatas/Getty Images
"Thou shalt not kill ... thou shalt not kill ... thou shalt not kill ..."
... Or You Do the Polar Opposite:
No matter what type of dysfunctional family you come from, compromise was likely never an option for any decision. By the time you get into your own relationship, you've had virtually no hands-on practice with the concept. As far as you're concerned, compromise is something they do in Disney sitcoms and sappy family movies. And you don't even own a sweater vest.
The way you always compromised was by giving in to the aggressor. It got them off of your ass, and it's just as easy to continue doing that now. Unfortunately, that means that many of your needs aren't being met. But here's the part that many of us "damaged" people don't get: Many of our wants aren't being met, and we're totally entitled to that.
Pixland/Pixland/Getty Images
"I'm kind of fond of the Knight Rider one for the living room."
We never consider that it's an option because we're still in the frame of mind that "It's not important enough to argue over. Just let her have the hot pink bedspread instead of the cool one I want with skulls and flames on it." If we're in a healthy relationship with a normal, sane person, we forget that they want awesome things for us as much as we want awesome things for them. Learning to compromise is hard for us. It's scary. So many of us just cut it out of the equation to prevent those old feelings of stress from ever coming back.
None of this stuff is insurmountable. You learned the behaviors -- you can learn new ones. It just takes practice, an open mind, and good people around you to tell you when you're starting to sprout douchefangs. Nobody likes a weredouche, man.
John is an editor and columnist right here at Cracked, with a new article every Thursday. You can also find him on Twitter and Facebook.
Always on the go but can't get enough of Cracked? We have an Android app and iOS reader for you to pick from so you never miss another article.


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Schoolhouse Ceiling Fan Collection by Period Arts
The Period Arts Schoolhouse ceiling fans has a simple yet classic design that will complement any traditional styled home. The glass light fixture is integrated onto the body, unifying the form and is available with energy saving CFL lighting or incandescent lighting. Schoolhouse ceiling fans are UL Damp listed.
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All An Act's 10th season opens with Agatha Christie
All An Act Theatre Productions co-founder David W. Mitchell can scarcely believe that the troupe he created with Larry Lewis has been in operation for 10 years, but he's thrilled with its ever-expanding growth.
Part of that success comes from the group's superlative command of certain niches, such as farces and mysteries. The latter will start this anniversary season. Mitchell directs Leslie Darbon's adaptation of Agatha Christie's "A Murder is Announced."
"We love doing the Agatha Christies," Mitchell said. "They're fun to do, and they always have a good turnout."
In this one, a small-town newspaper prints a notice that a murder will occur at 6:30 p.m. at the home of Miss Blacklock. The appointed time and place finds several invited guests and curious neighbors present, but it's a surprise visitor who winds up dead. The intrepid Miss Marple must help the flummoxed inspector put the pieces of the puzzle together.
"Ruth Scandale is playing Miss Marple," Mitchell noted. "Ruth has such a distinct stage presence, and she knows how to play that real stalwart, stoic type of character, but always with a twinkle in her eye."
The cast is a mix of new and familiar faces, including Betsy Butoryak, Stephen Salchli, Allison Mitchell, Peggy Brace, Ray Steinbacher, Teni Siano, Kat Lawson, Nick Kikola, Christine Pawlowski, Jerry Brace and Wayne Gardner.
"Most of the cast is on stage the entire show," Mitchell said, "which makes it a real blocking challenge to keep everything moving and keep it interesting."
Exploring the nuances of these characters' reactions to each other has been a dynamic part of the rehearsal process. Another "character" is the set, which was constructed and furnished asymmetrically to reflect the idea of two very different rooms being shoved together.
After a decade with All An Act, Mitchell knows a lot about odd couples.
"Larry and I are like brothers," Mitchell said. "We actually argue like that, but when push comes to shove, I'm right there by his side and he's right there by my side. That's the nature of family, I guess."


text:
Dwi utami
Dwi utami (11-11-1986 / Ngawi.jawa timur)
» Click to list general statistics » OR, select a date :
We Cannot Together**
Baby please don't go from my soul, you are blood in my heart to flow in my mind**
I'understand we cannot living together.
The high mountain we are hindrace.
The wide ocean we are cannot to cross.
read more >>
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text: CroisiEurope Vasco de Gama Ship Information Quick Specs CroisiEurope - Vasco de GamaOCG Class: River CruiseYear Built: 2002Refurbished: 2009Passengers: 142Decks: 3Tonnage: - Registry: ScheduleShip StatsDeck PlansPhotosCabins Vasco de Gama Ship ReviewThe Vasco de Gama sails on the Douro river in Portugal. Terms and Conditions:The prices listed are representative of actual prices provided by various cruise vendors and are not offered by TravelAgeWest.com or Northstar Travel Media, LLC. Price listed does not constitute a contract of services, implied or written. TravelAgeWest.com provides no cruise booking or purchase features. Prices are provided as a comparison tool only. Prices listed are per person, based on double occupancy and do include port taxes. Prices do not include taxes, fuel surcharges, gratuities, or airfare unless otherwise noted. Actual prices and fees are subject to vendor policies and are subject to availability, are capacity-controlled, and are subject to change without notice. Special amenities, prices, offers, and upgrades are based on select dates, ships, sailings, stateroom categories, and select fare codes. Cancellation penalties, blackout dates, and other restrictions may apply. All prices and dates may not be available at time of booking. Vasco de Gama Ship Profile and Statistics Cruise Line:CroisiEuropeShip Type:River Cruiser/Canal BoatLine Class:River CruiseYear Built:2002Year Refurbished:2009Deck Quantity:3Passenger Capacity:142Length:75 mBeam:11.4 mOutside Cabins:71Vasco de Gama RecreationIndoor Pools: NoOutdoor Pools: NoIs there a Spa?: NoIs there a Casino?: NoVasco de Gama DiningDining RoomVasco de Gama EntertainmentLoungeDescription: Bar with dance floor Vasco de Gama Deck Plans Visit the Vasco de Gama Decks Main DeckMiddle DeckUpper DeckSun Deck Vasco de Gama Stateroom KeyCategoryCabin Name2CUCabin With Two Single BedsCCabin With Adjustable Twin Beds Main Deck Deck Plan Vasco de Gama Deck Plans: Main Deck Middle Deck Upper Deck Sun Deck Vasco de Gama Photos Photos & Videos Vasco de Gama Bar/LoungeVasco de Gama ExteriorVasco de Gama Restaurant Vasco de Gama Cabin and Stateroom Photo GalleryVasco de Gama Cabin With Two Single BedsAll cabins are equipped with shower and toilet, hairdryer, satellite TV, radio, safe.Category: 2CUVasco de Gama Cabin With Adjustable Twin BedsAll cabins are equipped with shower and toilet, hairdryer, satellite TV, radio, safe.Category: C


text:
The jury in the Jerry Sandusky spoke loudly, clearly and quickly in convicting the retired Penn State University defensive coordinator on 45 counts of child sexual abuse.
We are glad for justice and salute the jury for its clear-headed, thorough expediency. But this is only Step One in the monumental cleanup necessary from the Penn State/Sandusky sex abuse scandal.
It is time now to look at the administrative handling of this situation. Something else clearly needed to be done as the Sandusky situation was unfolding for a decade or more.
While some of the major players have been removed from that administration, we wonder if that represents everyone who chose to look the other way from this scandal. It's hard to believe that, given how long this atrocity was allowed to subsist. Did administrators knowingly cover all of this up, were they that inept or did they honestly not know.
Either way, it was a complete embarrassment that has done long-term harm to Penn State's reputation beyond the football field. That sort of embarrassment can never be repeated again.
We wonder if the proper safeguards and people are now in place to make the university more capable of handling such atrocities should they occur in the future. We wonder if everyone now in positions of power at Penn State, including the board of trustees, understands how much the school's posture has to change.
We wonder because of the constant chorus we keep hearing about apologies that trustees and others feel are owed the family of late football Coach Joe Paterno, who was dismissed from his job when the scandal became a very public matter last fall.
The trustees don't need to apologize to the Paterno family. We don't need to apologize to the Paterno family.
Jerry Sandusky needs to apologize to the Paterno family, the school's faculty, those in the football family and the hundreds of thousands of Penn State alumni stained by his actions.
His lifetime sentence can't remove that stain. His sentence can't eliminate the pain he caused to his victims. The victims have been living with this since the moment it happened.
It is our view that anyone on the university payroll who knowingly covered this scandal up needs to be held accountable. We find it hard to believe and we hope we are wrong that only those mentioned publicly knew of this trail of sex abuse.
The only thing that can be done must come from the school itself a hard look at its fundamental organizational and administratve structure, who is filling the positions and whether they can assure the Penn State community and the public in general that they will never allow such shame to occur again.


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The Cold War and Entertainment Television
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We are inviting abstracts for papers to be presented at a conference on the Cold War and Entertainment Television, to be held at the University of Paris 8, on June 5-7, 2014.
An essential dimension of the Cold War took place in the realm of ideas and culture. A great deal of work, for example, has been done on cinema, especially with regard to the United States although other nations, both East and West, have received increasing attention. But with certain noteworthy exceptions (primarily in the areas of science fiction and espionage series) relatively little has been done on this subject in relation to television. Yet, television was a technology and popular cultural form that emerged during the Cold War. This project hopes to rectify that absence by providing a forum for examining the impact of the Cold War on entertainment television. We intend to underline the comparative aspect by studying programs from both blocs – without forgetting, of course, the outsize impact of American television
We would welcome submissions that treat a variety of regions and genres, including (but not limited to) the following topics:
• Analyses of the reflection of the Cold War in particular genres
• A close reading of particular episodes or series
• The presentation of the "other side," both its elites and the lives of ordinary citizens
• Depictions of social class and ideologies in Cold War entertainment television
• The uses of race and gender in depictions of the "other side" or in celebrations of one's own side
• Exporting television series to other cultures
• How audiences received and used a variety of Cold War television series
• The space race, the military industrial complex, the national security state, and nuclear weapons in Cold War television • Cold War discourses in children's television
• The impact of censorship, whether official or self-imposed • Commercials, public service announcements, documentaries, and Cold War subtexts
• Changes in Cold War discourses in entertainment television through 1991
The languages of the conference will be English and French, and we anticipate that the conference proceedings will be published in English.
Please email a 250-word proposal, a one-page c.v., and contact information to Prof. Lori Maguire at email@example.com by Sept. 15, 2013. Notification of accepted proposals will be made by Oct. 15, 2013.
Email inquiries are preferred, especially over the summer, to email@example.com
Organizing committee: Prof. Lori MAGUIRE (Département d'Etudes des Pays Anglophones, Université de Paris 8, St. Denis, France); Dr. Janice LIEDL (Dept. of History, Laurentian University, Canada); Dr. Joseph DAROWSKI (Dept. of English, Brigham Young University Idaho); Dr. Nancy REAGIN (Dept. of Women's and Gender Studies, Pace University, New York); Dr; André FILLER (Département d'Etudes Slaves, Université de Paris 8, St Denis, France) ; Prof. Cécile VAISSIÉ (Département de Russe, Université de Rennes II, France)
Lori Maguire
Département d'Etudes des Pays Anglophones
Université de Paris 8
2 rue de la Liberté
St Denis France
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text:
ESL Kids Teaching the Alphabet
Alphabet Boxes: You need: 26 baby wipe boxes / tissue boxes, various items to go with each letter (e.g. apple magnet for the letter A) & permanent marker. Write the upper and lower case letter on each wipe box, one letter of the alphabet for each box. Get your Ss to fill each box with items that begin with that letter. Some can even be pictures of items (this can be done slowly over a matter of weeks/months). Each class show the items to the children and pass them around, this captivates the children! One box is used at a time. You don't even have to fill all the boxes at once but fill them as you go through the year. This hands-on experience is a big hit!
Alphabet Instruction Basic Steps: There are many ways to teach the alphabet and all Ts develop their own style over time. For new Ts here is a basic outline of steps you can follow when introducing a new letter: 1. Hold up an alphabet letter flashcard so all Ss can see it. 2. Chorus the letter 3 to 5 times. Then ask each S individually to say the letter. 3. Teach the sound of the letter (e.g. "A is for 'ah' ... ah - ah - ah"). Chorus again and check individually. 4. Provide an example of an object that begins with the letter. Double-sided flashcards with the letter on one side and a picture on the other are great for this. (e.g. "What's this?" (elicit "A"). "And A is for...?" (elicit "ah"). "And 'ah' is for ... (turning the card over) "apple!". Chorus the word and check individually. 5. Do a final check (T: "What's this?", Ss: "A", T: "And 'A' is for...?", Ss: "ah", T: "And 'ah' is for...?" Ss: "Apple!"). These steps can be followed by 'magic finger', 'pass it', 'find it', 'slow motion' or any other alphabet game (see below for these). Also, the 'ABC song is a nice way to start and finish the alphabet segment of your lesson.
Alphabet Line-up: Give each S an alphabet flashcard. Play the ABC song and have the Ss skip around in a circle singing along to the song. Stop the tape at random points and the Ss have to line up in the correct alphabetical order according to their cards.
Alphabet Sentences: One S says a letter (for example 'A') and his/her teammate says a word that starts with that letter (like 'Ant'). Then you go on to a sentence that uses the letter A word ('or example 'A nice person would not smash an ant'). This way the children will learn their letters and words that start with the letter. (Submitted by Sierra)
Alphabet Soup: Place plastic letters in a bowl. Divide flashcards by their beginning letters. Each student draws a letter from the bowl and then finds the flashcards associated with that letter. (Submitted by Lori Supernaw)
Alphabet Wave: Divide the a-z flashcards among all your students. Put Ss in a line and play the ABC song. As it plays each student must hold up their corresponding alphabet flashcard.Alphabet whispers: The children split up into groups of three, one is at the blackboard, one is sitting down and one is running between the two. The student sitting down has a sheet with the alphabet printed out in a disordered manner - s/he whispers the first letter to their team mate who in their turn runs to the board and whispers the letter to their other team member. If the letter is understood s/he writes it on the board. The first team to write it correctly gets a point. This can also be adapted to spelling words. The teams can change positions and get maximum benefit from this game. (Submitted by Katie McCarthy).
Balloon Alphabet: This is a great game that everyone loves. You need a balloon, this is your timing device evoking the alphabet from the Ss unpredictably. This game can get a bit out of hand if the T isn't careful in his/her method of control. T starts and is A, next S is B, then C and so on. Each S touches the balloon and says their letter - this goes round and round until Z. This can be random or in a circle or line, but the balloon goes anywhere, control is essential so the littlies don't trample each other. This can also be used for subject review such as colors, or animals. I usually touch it a few times to gain control e.g. "B B B B" and then pass it on to C. (Submitted by Laura Gravity).
Bingo: Make bingo cards with letters instead of numbers. The winner is the first to either get a line or full house.
Board Scramble: T puts the whole alphabet on the blackboard in a scramble of letters here and there, but low enough that the Ss can reach it. Have two teams and call out a letter. The person that is able to find and circle it first wins a point for their team. To make things harder have capitol and small letters. Even more challenging- have four teams all looking for the same letter. The kids just love it. You can do it with numbers and also words. (Submitted by Susie).
Chalkboard Fun: Give each student a small chalkboard, rag and a piece of chalk (chalkboards can be purchased at a discount store). Call out a letter and have students draw that letter and then hold up the chalkboard when finished. This makes writing practice more fun! Small whiteboards can also be used. (Submitted by Tania Bibbo).
Concentration: You need 2 sets of alphabet flashcards for this game. Place both sets face down on the floor. Ss take turns in turning over 2 cards (saying the letters aloud). If the cards match then the S keeps the cards. If the cards are different the cards are turned back over again in their original places. The S with the most pairs at the end of the game is the winner. This game works well for upper and lower case letters (e.g. match the 'a' flashcard to the 'A' flashcard).
Over 1,500 printable flashcards right here on ESL KidStuff.
Dominoes: You need a large piece of Tag board & one permanent Black magic marker.
Cut the tag board into 1" by 2" pieces. On each Piece print 2 letters, make the pieces look like dominos, but with letters. Use all upper case, or lower case. If the children are ready for a challenge use both upper and lower. Play as you would with regular dominos!!! Have fun. You can also make these using shapes, colors, animals, etc.
Find It: T holds up a letter flashcard and the Ss search around the room for an object beginning with that letter. (e.g. A - arm, B - book, C - clock). You can also do this activity by spreading picture flashcards around the classroom and having Ss find the picture that has the correct first letter.
First Letter: Give Ss various picture flashcards. Run through the alphabet and have Ss hold up the flashcard that begins with that letter.
Hot Potato: Write up a letter of the alphabet on the blackboard. Get a soft ball and throw it to a S. They must say a word beginning with that letter and then throw the ball back to the T, or to another S. (Submitted by Simone Francis)
I spy: T says "I spy with my little eye something that begins with B". Ss try to guess the object (e.g. "book").
Lots of free lesson plansd to print right here on ESL KidStuff.
Last Letter, First Letter: (A popular Japanese game called Shiri Tori). Have the Ss sit in a circle with you. T starts by saying a word, then the S to the T's right must make a word that starts with the last letter of the word that the T said (e.g. bus --- steak --- key --- yellow --- etc.). Continue around the circle until someone makes a mistake.
Letter Sculptures: Either print the alphabet on the board or use alphabet flashcards. Divide the class into teams of 3. Model that each team must work together and use their bodies to make a letter. Then start with: "Make the letter (H) ... Go!" Ss can make the letter shape either by standing or lying on the floor. A points can be allocated for: (1) the team that is the first to make the letter shape, or (2) the team that makes the best letter shape.
Letter Shapes Race: Alphabet blocks or shapes are great for this activity. Scatter all the alphabet shapes randomly around the classroom floor. Line up all the Ss against the front wall and have them race to find the first letter: 'a'. The first S to find it stamps on it and shouts "A". The S then wins the 'a' flashcard. Ss then have to race to find 'b' and once again the first S to stamp on it and shout "B" wins the 'b' flashcard. Continue until 'z' is reached. The S with the most flashcards is the winner.
Magic Finger: This is a good activity to use before going on to printing practice. Go through your routine of teaching a letter using an alphabet flashcard. Then hold the flashcard letter up in front of each S and let them trace the letter on the card with their 'magic' finger. Then the T, using his/her magic finger, traces the letter in the air and the Ss follow suit. The T and the Ss can then use their magic fingers to trace the letter on all sorts of fun places. E.g. T: "Draw 'P' on your hand. Now on the floor. Now on your partner's back. Now on your cheek. Now on the wall. Now on your foot" etc. Finally, if you have posters on the walls get the Ss to find examples of the letter in the posters.
Make an Alphabet Book: For this you need: Ring binder folder, white paper & old magazines. Each week we choose a new letter to work on. Write the upper and lower case letter on a piece of white paper, then go through old magazines with your Ss to find pictures that begin with that letter. Let them cut them out and glue them on the paper, which helps them improve their cutting skills too! Use a hole punch and put it into a folder to make a book. The Ss love to look at it over and over.
Musical Chair Alphabet: Place chairs in the form of musical chairs with alphabet flashcards placed on them. Start the music when the music stops the students pick up their flashcards and have to read the sound on the flashcard. The child who is unable to read is out of the game. (Submitted by Farah Najam)
Over 1,000 printable worksheets right here on ESL KidStuff.
Pass: Sit with your Ss in a circle. T holds up a flashcard letter and says the letter (e.g. "A"). T passes it on to the next S who also says it and passes it on to the next S. Variations: change directions, speed rounds, have many flashcard letters going round at the same time.
Printing: Alphabet printing exercises are an important first step in learning to write. Printing exercises don't have to be boring - they can be really fun! They should also help Ss to internalize the letters. Before the Ss begin printing model each letter print showing the directions of the letter strokes. When printing letters get Ss to call out each letter as they write it. If writing lower and upper case have them say "big 'A', small 'a'" as they write. Let Ss write letter sets in different colors and allow Ss to draw little pictures on their printing sheets. Continuously monitor the Ss while they print helping with letter strokes, spaces between each letter, letter size, etc. Also, while monitoring, point to letters the Ss have already printed and ask them what they are. Encourage Ss to circle their best printing effort for each letter set. Finish by holding up each S's sheet, asking questions ("what is this letter?") pointing out any mistakes, etc., but above all give lots of praise and encouragement.
Rubbings: You need sand paper, scissors, crayons & paper. Cut shapes, letters or numbers out of sand paper at least 3 inches tall. Put the shapes under the paper and let the children rub over the top with the crayons. Have them rub their name, etc.
Scrapbook: You need an old scrapbook or photo album, old magazines & scissors. Take a scrapbook or photo album and on each page write a letter of the alphabet starting at A through to Z. Then with your Ss look through magazines for pictures of things and put them on the pages with the same first letter. An example would be a picture of an airplane for A, etc. Use photo albums with the cling plastic covering so no gluing is involved. Afterward your Ss have their very own class alphabet book that they helped to make.
Slow motion: T holds a pack of alphabet flashcards with the letters facing towards him/her. The last card should be turned around so the letter is facing the Ss but is hidden as it is behind the pack. Slowly pull the flashcard up inch by inch so the Ss can only see part of the letter. As the letter is slowly revealed Ss try to guess what it is. The first S to guess correctly keeps the card (for 1 point). Variation: To make it a little more difficult turn each letter flashcard upside down.
Up and Down: You need 2 sets of letter flashcards for this game (or one set of upper-case "A, B, C ..." and one set of lower-case "a, b, c ..."). Give each of your Ss a letter flashcard from one set. T keeps the other set. Arrange the Ss so that they are all sitting down. T holds up one flashcard letter and the S with the same flashcard letter stands up and says the letter and then sits down again. Play the game at a fast pace so that Ss are standing up and sitting down rapidly. Variation: Give each S 2 or 3 flashcards.
Vanishing Alphabet Flashcards: place a number of flashcard letters in front of the Ss. Give them a few moments to memorize the letters and then tell them to close their eyes. Take away one of the flashcards and then tell the Ss to open their eyes again. The first S to guess the missing letter flashcard can win that flashcard (for 1 point) and take away a flashcard in the next round.
Window Game: You can only do this if your classroom has a window that you can stand outside of and look into the classroom (don't try this on the 10th floor!). Model first: stand the Ss in front of the window and go out of the room. Wave to them through the window and silently mouth some words (so it seems like they can't hear you through the glass). Look at an alphabet flashcard and then mouth the letter a few times. Go back in and the S who first tells you the letter you were saying can have a turn.
Downloadable songs to pay in your lessons available right here on ESL KidStuff.
Yell it: Have your Ss close their eyes and turn their backs so they can't see what you are doing. Take a letter flashcard, letter block or letter shape and hide it somewhere in the classroom (behind a curtain, on a chair seat, under a book, etc). Then shout "Go!" and Ss race around the classroom looking for that letter. The S that finds it yells it out and wins a point. This can be done a letter at a time, or with a number of letters at the same time".


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SAVANNAH — A consultant's report on three potential sites for a cruise ship terminal along the Savannah River has been given to city officials in Savannah, but they aren't sharing it with residents.
SC situation
Two lawsuits are challenging the S.C. State Ports Authority plans to open a $35 million cruise terminal at the north end of Union Pier in downtown Charleston. Neighborhood associations and other groups are fighting the proposed site, saying it will bring more tourists, traffic and fumes from ships to the historic district.
The Army Corps of Engineers is being sued over a permit it issued for the terminal. The plaintiffs are seeking to revoke the permit. They also want more public review.
Groups are asking a state court to review a Department of Health and Environmental Control permit allowing the SPA to drive pilings as part of the project.
A third lawsuit targets Carnival Cruise Lines operations in Charleston. The S.C. Supreme Court dismissed claims this month that Carnival violates local noise and sign ordinances. The high court will consider allegations that the cruises are a public nuisance and violate city zoning rules.
Source: The Post and Courier
The city is refusing to make the taxpayer-funded analysis public, The Savannah Morning News reported .
City officials say a provision in the Georgia's open records law allows them to keep the report secret for now. The exemption pertains to potential land acquisitions.
A Savannah City Council workshop has been scheduled for June 25, and the study will be made public at that time, city spokesman Bret Bell.
The city council awarded Miami-based BEA Architects a contract to perform the study in September. It's being divided into two phases, and the portion of the study recently given to city officials cost $197,500 to evaluate the sites.
The findings are necessary to obtain U.S. Army Corps of Engineers approval and permits for construction. Results may eliminate certain sites or verify that all three sites, which have not been made public, could be used, the Savannah newspaper reported.
City Councilman Tom Bordeaux had cast the only vote against the study.
Bordeaux said he didn't think spending millions of dollars on the terminal would be a good investment for the city, considering the amount of time cruise passengers would spend in Savannah.
Bordeaux said he also worried that the terminal would be abandoned if the industry experienced tough financial times, especially since Charleston and Jacksonville, Fla., already have cruise docks.
"Savannah would be the last in and first out," Bordeaux told the newspaper.
A 2011 report from BEA Architects estimated that Savannah could attract 100,000 cruise visitors a year by investing $18 million, and 300,000 more if it spends another $50 million, though the latter projections have been disputed, the newspaper said.
In downtown Charleston, Carnival Cruise Lines has offered has offered regularly scheduled cruises almost year-round since 2010, when the company permanently based its 2,056-passenger ship Fantasy at a berth on Union Pier Terminal, near the City Market.
The arrival of that business has triggered a backlash among some downtown Charleston residents and preservation groups over the increased traffic congestion, noise and air pollution. Three cruise-related lawsuits are working their way through the court system.
The Post and Courier contributed to this report.


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See You At The NZ Family History Fair This Friday and Saturday
Great News. MyHeritage is going to be exhibiting at the New Zealand Family History Fair this week.
The event, that runs from Friday 26th - Saturday 27th August in Hamilton, New Zealand is only in its second year but has already established itself as a must-see on the A/NZ genealogy event circuit.
MyHeritage will be at Stand 11 with free Family Tree Builder CDs and premium subscription discounts, so come and say hello
I will also be doing a talk titled "The Benefits of Digitising Your Family History Research" at 4PM on Friday if you're keen to hear more on the topic.
We're really excited to be so heavily involved with the fair as it's the only event of its type in NZ and in terms of numbers attending, is arguably the largest in Australasia. Last year over 1,100 people attended. This year the organizers are aiming for 3,000+, which will be huge.
You can find out more information about the fair, and book your tickets, here - http://www.nzfamilyhistoryfair.org.nz/
Hope to see you there!
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