text:
Dr Marc Jones
Susan Evans
Evans Lab News
|Paul Barrett
|BBSRC skull mechanics project
|Arnau Bolet
|Marc Jones
|Ryoko Matsumoto
|Elizabeth Ward
|Jérémy Anquetin
Marc Jones was a BBSRC funded postdoctoral research associate in the Evans Lab investigating the relationship between form and function in the reptile skull (BBSRC skull mechanics project). Marc continues to work on aspects of this project but he is now based at the University of Adelaide.
***Marc's University of Adelaide webpage***
Marc's research encompasses the macroevolution of small vertebrates but focuses on specific topics such as feeding, function, biogeography, and systematics. This work has involved a number of techniques (e.g., geometric morphometrics, Multi-body Dynamics Analysis, Finite Element Analysis, cladistics), with respect to members of several different taxonomic groups (e.g., frogs, salamanders, lizards, tuatara, turtles). This multi-disciplinary approach to some extent reflects the influence of his undergraduate degree which involved a diverse range of course units (e.g., vertebrate palaeontology, palaeoanthropology, sedimentology, climate change, molecular biology, evolutionary ecology, and population genetics).
An interview with Marc about a recent paper: "Chewing, it's not just for mammals"
A recent paper published in Current Biology with Alison Cree: tuatara
Tel: +44 (0)20 7679 7698 (Int: 37698)
1997-2001 M.Sci Palaeobiology. Earth Sciences, UCL
2002-2002 Curatorial Assistant. National Museum Cardiff
2002-2006 PhD Vertebrate Palaeontology. Cell and Developmental Biology, UCL
2005-2006 Lab teaching assistant. Birkbeck, University of London
2007-2007 Teaching administrator. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
2007-2010 Research Assistant. Cell and Developmental Biology, UCL
2010-2013 Research Associate. Cell and Developmental Biology, UCL
2013- Research Fellow, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Adelaide, Australia
Selected markers of esteem:
2002 Poster Prize, 1st. Palaeontological Association Annual Conference, Cambridge, UK
2003 Poster Prize, 2nd. Centre for Ecology and Evolution workshop, London, UK
2004 Poster Prize, 1st. Symposium of Vertebrate Paleontology, Denver, USA (http://www.vertpaleo.org)
2009 Participated in Evo 150 sponsored by the British Council and Spanish council for Scientific Research.
2009 Invited by the British Council to participate in a Darwin Now events taking place in China
2011 Elected as a Fellow of the Linnean Society
Marc currently provides lectures for "Vertebrate Life and Evolution" (BIOL3018), "Vertebrate Palaeontology and Evolution" (GEOL2008), "Biodiversity and Macroevolutionary Patterns" (GEOL3036), "Introduction to Human Anatomy" (ANAT 1003), and assists with dissection room demonstration for "Introduction to Human Anatomy" (ANAT 1003) and "Human Anatomy and Embryology" (ANAT2050).
Research Interests:
- The relationship between skull form and function in reptiles (particularly with respect to Sphenodon and its fossil relatives).
- The radiation and biogeographic history of small vertebrates such as frogs and lizards (particularly with respect to southern continents).
- Ontogenetic and geographic variation in morphological traits.
Recent and current non-UCL collaborators:
Neil Curtis (University of Hull, UK), Mehran Moazen (University of Hull, UK), Mike Fagan (University of Hull, UK), Paul O'Higgins (Hull and York Medical School, UK), A. Kristopher Lappin (California State Polytechnic University, USA), Carlo Meloro (University of Hull, UK), Jules Kieser (University of Otago, Dunedin, NZ), David Krause (Stony Brook, USA), Rainer Schoch (Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Germany), Cajsa Lisa Anderson (University of Gothenburg), Sebastián Apesteguía (Fundación de Historia Natural 'Félix de Azara', University Maimónides, Argentina), Ingmar Werneburg (Eberhard Karls Universität), Richard Butler (Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Munich, Germany), Christy Anna Hipsley (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Johannes Müller (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Philip Mannion (Imperial College London, UK), Alan Tennyson (Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, NZ), Yuan Wang (IVPP, Beijing, China), Li Ping Dong (IVPP, Beijing, China), Trevor Worthy (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia).
At present, Marc is primarily funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council. However, in recent years he has also successfully obtained over £10,000 in small grants from a variety of funding bodies including the Palaeontological Association, British Council, UCL Graduate School, UCL Bogue, Amphibia Tree, Synthesys and the Nuffield Foundation.
Membership of professional bodies:
The Linnean Society of London
Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles
Society for Research on Amphibians and Reptiles in New Zealand
Palaeontological Association
Academia.edu: Marc Jones
Scopus: 35299370200
Google Scholar citations: Scholar.google.com
ResearcherID.com: C-1516-2010
BioMed Experts: 1939821
Follow Marc on twitter @MarcEHJones
Peer reviewed journal articles:
- Jones MEH, Evans SE and Sigogneau-Russell D. 2003. Early Cretaceous frogs from Morocco. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 72: 65–97. Weblink
- Wang Y, Jones MEH, Evans SE. 2007. A juvenile frog from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation Liaoning, China. Cretaceous Research 28: 235–244. DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2006.07.003 Appendix [pdf: 26kb]
- Wang Y. Evans SE, Jones MEH. 2007. An aggregation of lizard skeletons from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Senkenbergiana lethaea 87: 109–118.
- Evans SE, Jones MEH, Krause DW. 2008. A giant frog with South American affinities in the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. PNAS 105: 2951–-2956 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0707599105
- Jones MEH. 2008. Skull shape and feeding strategy in Sphenodon and other Rhynchocephalia (Diapsida: Lepidosauria). Journal of Morphology. 269: 945–966. DOI: 10.1002/jmor.10634
- Moazen M, Curtis N, O'Higgins P, Jones MEH, Evans SE, Fagan MJ, 2009. Assessment of the role of sutures in a lizard skull: a computer modelling study. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 276(1654): 39–46. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.0863
- Jones MEH, Tennyson AJD, Worthy JP, Evans SE, Worthy TH. 2009. A sphenodontine (Rhynchocephalia) from the Miocene of New Zealand and palaeobiogeography of the tuatara (Sphenodon). Proceedings of the Royal Society B 276: 1385–1390 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.1785
- Anquetin J, Barrett PM, Jones MEH, Moore-Fay S, Evans SE. 2009. A new stem turtle from the Middle Jurassic of Scotland: new insights into the evolution and palaeoecology of basal turtles. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 276: 879–886. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.1429
- Jones MEH, Curtis N, O'Higgins P, Fagan M, Evans SE. 2009. The head and neck muscles associated with feeding in Sphenodon (Reptilia: Lepidsauria: Rhynchocephalia). Palaeontologia Electronica 12(2, 7A): 1–56. Weblink
- Zhang G, Wang Y, Jones MEH, Evans SE. 2009. A new Early Cretaceous salamander (Regalerpeton weichangensis gen. et sp. nov.) from the Huajiying Formation of northeastern China. Cretaceous Research 30: 551–558. DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2008.10.004
- Kieser JA, Tkatchenko T, Dean MC, Jones MEH, Duncan W, Nelson NJ. 2009. Microstructure of dental hard tissue and bone in the tuatara dentary, Sphenodon punctatus (Diapsida: Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia). Frontiers of Oral Biology 13: 80-85. Weblink
- Jones MEH. 2009. Dentary tooth shape in Sphenodon and its fossil relatives (Diapsida: Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia). Frontiers of Oral Biology 13: 9–15. Weblink
- Curtis N, Jones MEH, Evans SE, O'Higgins P, Fagan MJ. 2009. Visualising muscle anatomy using three-dimensional computer models - An example using the head and neck muscles of Sphenodon. Palaeontologia Electronica 12(3, 7T): 1-18. Weblink
- Jones MEH, Lappin AK. 2009. Bite-force performance of the last rhynchocephalian (Lepidosauria: Sphenodon). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 39(3): 71–83 Weblink
- Curtis N, Jones MEH, Evans SE, Shi J, O'Higgins P, Fagan MJ. 2010. Predicting muscle activation patterns from motion and anatomy: modelling the skull of Sphenodon. Royal Society Interface 7: 153–160 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2009.0139
- Curtis N, Jones MEH, Lappin AK, Evans SE, O'Higgins P, Fagan MJ. 2010. Comparison between in vivo and theoretical bite performance: Using multi-body modelling to predict muscle and biteforces in a reptile skull. Journal of Biomechanics 43: 2804-2809. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.05.037
- Curtis N, Jones MEH, Evans SE, O'Higgins P, Fagan MJ. 2010. Feedback control from the jaw joints during biting: an investigation of the reptile Sphenodon using multibody modelling. Journal of Biomechanics 43: 3132-3137. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.08.001
- Kieser JA, He L-H, Dean MC, Jones MEH, Duncan WJ, Swain MV, Nelson NJ. 2011. Structure and compositional characteristics of caniniform dental enamel in the tuatara Sphenodon punctatus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia). New Zealand Dental Journal 107: 44-50.
- Jones MEH, Curtis N, Fagan MJ, O'Higgins P, Evans SE. 2011. Hard tissue anatomy of the cranial joints in Sphenodon (Rhynchocephalia): sutures, kinesis, and skull mechanics. Palaeontologia Electronica 14(2, 17A): 1-92. palaeo-electronica.org/2011_2/251/index.html
- Curtis N, Jones MEH, Shi J, O'Higgins P, Evans SE, Fagan MJ. 2011. Functional relationship between skull form and feeding mechanics in Sphenodon, and implications for diapsid skull development. PLoS ONE 6(12): e29804. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0
- Apesteguía S, Jones MEH. 2012. A Late Cretaceous "tuatara" (Lepidosauria: Sphenodontinae) from South America. Cretaceous Research 34: 154–160 DOI: 10.1016/j.cretres.2011.10.014
- Jones MEH, O'Higgins P, Fagan M, Evans SE, Curtis N. 2012. Shearing mechanics and the influence of a flexible symphysis during oral food processing in Sphenodon (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia). The Anatomical Record 295: 1075-1091. DOI 10.1002/ar.22487
- Mannion PD, Upchurch P, Mateus O, Barnes RN, Jones MEH. 2012. New information on the anatomy and systematic position of Dinheirosaurus lourinhanensis (Sauropoda: Diplodocoidea) from the Late Jurassic of Portugal, with a review of European diplodocoids. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10: 521-551. DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2011.595432
- Meloro C, Jones MEH. 2012. Tooth and cranial disparity in the fossil
relatives of Sphenodon (Rhynchocephalia) dispute the persistent 'living
fossil' label. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 11: 2194–2209. DOI:
- Jones MEH, Werneburg I, Curtis N, Penrose R, O'Higgins P, Fagan MJ, Evans SE. 2012. The head and neck anatomy of sea turtles (Cryptodira: Chelonioidea) and skull shape in Testudines. PLoS ONE 7(11): e47852 DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0047852
- Evans SE, Jones MEH, Matsumoto R. 2012. A new lizard skull from the Purbeck Limestone Group (Lower Cretaceous) of England. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 183: 517–524. DOI: 10.2113/gssgfbull.183.6.517
- Gröning F, Jones MEH, Curtis N, Herrel A, O'Higgins P, Evans SE, Fagan MJ. 2013. The importance of accurate muscle modelling for biomechanical analyses: a case study with a lizard skull. Journal of Royal Society Interface 10: DOI:10.1098/rsif.2013.0216
- Curtis N, Jones MEH, Evans SE, O'Higgins P, Fagan MJ. 2013. Cranial sutures work collectively to distribute strain throughout the reptile skul. Journal of Royal Society Interface 10: DOI:10.1098/rsif.2013.0442
- Dong L, Roček Z, Wang Y, Jones MEH. 2013. Anurans from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group of Western Liaoning, China. PLoS ONE 8(7): e69723. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0069723
- Jones MEH, Anderson CL, Hipsley CA, Müller J, Evans SE,
Schoch R. 2013. Integration of molecules and new fossils supports a
Triassic origin for Lepidosauria (lizards, snakes, and tuatara). BMC Evolutionary Biology 13:208 DOI:10.1186/1471-2148-13-208
Peer reviewed book chapters:
- Jones MEH. 2006. Tooth diversity and function in the Rhynchocephalia (Diapsida: Lepidosauria). In Barrett PM, Evans SE, eds. Ninth International symposium on Mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems and biota. London, UK: Natural History Museum. 55–58. Full chapter [pdf: 1431kb]
- Evans SE, Barrett PM, Hilton J, Butler R, Jones MEH, Liang MM, Parish J, Rayfield EJ, Sigogneau-Russell D and Underwood C. 2006. The Middle Jurrasic vertebrate assemblage of Skye, Scotland. In Barrett PM, Evans SE, eds. Ninth international symposium on Mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems and biota. London, UK: Natural History Museum. 36–39. Full chapter [pdf: 5334kb]
- Jones MEH. 2006. The Early Jurassic clevosaurs from China (Diapsida: Lepidosauria). In Harris JD, Lucas S, Kirkland J, Milner ARC, eds. The Triassic/Jurassic terrestrial transition. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 37 548–562. Weblink
- Evans SE, Jones MEH. 2010. The origin, early history and diversification of lepidosauromorph reptiles. In Bandyopadhyay S. (ed.), New Aspects of Mesozoic Biodiversity, Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences 132, 27-44. DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-10311-7_2
Extended abstracts:
- Jones MEH, Evans SE. 2009. The Early Cretaceous Herpetofauna of Anoual Morocco. In Buscalioni ÁD, Martínez MF, eds. Abstracts of the 10th international meeting of Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biota, Teruel. Spain, Madrid: UA Ediciones. 113–115.
Other articles:
- Jones MEH. 2003. 1st London Evolutionary Research Network conference. Palaeontological Association Newsletter 52: 45. (http://www.palass.org)
- Jones MEH. 2004. 47th Lyell meeting: dinosaur palaeobiology (meeting report). Palaeontological Association Newsletter 55: 65–67. (http://www.palass.org)
- Jones MEH. 2005. Tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus). Chester zoo web page (http://www.chesterzoo.org/AnimalsandPlants/Reptiles/Tuatara.aspx).
- Jones MEH. 2005. Erecting a database of known UK Sphenodon (Tuatara) material. Natural Sciences Collections Associations Newsletter 5: 34.
- Jones MEH. 2007. Geometric morphometric analysis of variation in Sphenodon 'sub-fossil' material. Palaeontological Association Newsletter 65: 95–99. (http://www.palass.org)
- Jones MEH and Ren X. 2008. Craniogenesis: The development evolution of the head (meeting report).Palaeontological Association Newsletter 68: 47–49. (http://www.palass.org)
- Jones MEH. 2008. CEE modern functional anatomy workshop (meeting report). Palaeontological Association Newsletter 69: 37–42. (http://www.palass.org)
- Jones MEH. 2009. Muscle activity in the tuatara mirrored by a computer model. Society for Research on Amphibians and Reptiles in New Zealand notes notes 36: 5. (SRARNZ)
- Jones MEH. 2009. The First pre-Pleistocene tuatara fossil relative from New Zealand. Society for Research on Amphibians and Reptiles in New Zealand notes notes 36: 5–6. (SRARNZ)
- Jones MEH, Clement A. 2009. The 14th International Symposium on Dental Morphology (meeting report). Palaeontological Association Newsletter 72: 28–34. (http://www.palass.org)
- Jones MEH, Lappin AK. 2009. First bite-force from an adult tuatara. Society for Research on Amphibians and Reptiles in New Zealand notes 36: 3–4. (SRARNZ)
- Jones MEH, Cree A. 2012. Tuatara. Current Biology 22: 986–987 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.049
- Pearson M, Jones MEH. 2013. 7th World Congress of Herpetology (meeting report). Palaeontological Association Newsletter 83: 64–68. (http://www.palass.org)
Selected abstracts:
- Jones MEH, Evans SE, Ruth B. 2002. Ontogenetic variation in the frog ilium and its impact on classification. Palaeontological Association Newsletter 51: 130.
- Jones MEH. 2004. Skull evolution in Rhynchocephalia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology S24: 76–77. Poster [pdf: 226kb]
- Smith AGW, Jones MEH, Evans SE. 2004. Hyperossified megafrog from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar: a new size record for the Mesozoic. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology S24: 113–114.
- Evans SE, Barrett PM, Hilton J, Jones MEH, Parish J, Rayfield E. 2005. The Middle Jurassic vertebrate assemblage of Skye, Scotland. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology S25: 54–55.
- Evans SE, Barrett PM, Hilton J, Butler R, Jones MEH, Liang MM, Parish J, Rayfield EJ, Sigogneau-Russell D, Underwood C. 2006. In Barrett PM, Evans SE, eds. Ninth international symposium on Mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems and biota. London, UK: Natural History Museum. 157.
- Jones MEH. 2006. Tooth diversity and function in the Rhynchocephalia (Diapsida: Lepidosauria). In Barrett PM, Evans SE, eds. Ninth international symposium on Mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems and biota. London, UK: Natural History Museum. 163.
- Evans SE, Jones MEH. 2007. Early Cretaceous terrestrial lepidosaurs from the Mediterranean region and their palaeobiogeography. Premier congrès Mediterranéen D'Herpétologie, Marrakech - Morocco. Programme and Abstracts book. Université Cadi Ayyad. 40–41.
- Jones MEH. 2007. Evolution and diversification of feeding apparatus in the Rhynchocephalia (Reptilia: Lepidosauria). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27S: 97.
- Jones MEH. 2007. Cranial suture morphology of the lepidosaur Sphenodon (Diapsida: Rhynchocephalia) and implications for functional morphology. Journal of Morphology 268: 1090–1091.
- Jones MEH, Evans SE. 2007. The diversification of skulls and feeding apparatus in the Rhynchocephalia (Diapsida: Lepidosauria). Palaeontological Association Newsletter 66S: 38–-39. (http://www.palass.org)
- Evans SE, Jones MEH, Matsumoto R, Upchurch P, Wang Y. 2008. Reptiles and amphibians from the Early Cretaceous Jehol biota of China: palaeoenvironmental palaeobiological implications. UCL China, programme and abstracts: 38. Poster [pdf: 132kb]
- Kieser J, Tkatchenko T, Dean CM, Jones MEH, Duncan W, Nelson N. 2008. Microstructure and growth of bone and dental tissues in Sphenodon (Diapsida: Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia). In Koppe T, Alt KW, Meyer G. 2008. The 14th International Symposium on Dental Morphology , programme and abstracts. Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald. P3.
- Jones MEH. 2008. Correspondence between tooth morphology and skull shape in Rhynchocephalia (Diapsida: Lepidosauria). In Koppe T, Alt KW, Meyer G. 2008. The 14th International Symposium on Dental Morphology, programme and abstracts. Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald. O6.
- Curtis N, Evans SE, Jones MEH, Shi JF, Fagan MJ. 2008. Predicting muscle forces and activation patterns during mastication: a multi-body computer modelling study of Sphenodon punctatus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia). .Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28S: 68.
- Jones MEH, Tennyson AJD, Evans SE, Worthy TH. 2008.The first pre-Pleistocene record of a tuatara (Sphenodon)-like animal from New Zealand and implications for the Oligocene drowning. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28S: 97–98.
- Moazen M, Curtis N, Evans SE, Jones MEH, Fagan MJ. 2008. The role of cranial sutures in a lizard skull: a Finite Element Analysis investigation. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28S: 117.
- Worthy T, Lee MSY, Jones MEH, Hutchinson MN. 2009 An ancient herpetofauna from New Zealand. Second Meeting of the Australasian Societies for Herpetology, February, Auckland, New Zealand. 20-22
- Curtis N, Jones MEH, Evans SE, O'Higgins, Fagan MJ. 2010. The role and function for cranial sutures in reptiles: a finite element analysis of the skull of Sphenodon (Diapsida: Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, SVP Program and Abstracts Book 2010: 77.
- Humphries ED, Jones MEH. 2010. Geographic variation in the jaws of Holocene Sphenodon (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia) demonstrated by landmark analysis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, SVP Program and Abstracts Book 2010: 108.
- Jones MEH, Curtis N, Evans SE, O'Higgins, Fagan MJ. 2010. Cranial joints in Sphenodon (Rhynchocephalia) and its fossil relatives with implications for lepidosaur skull mechanics. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, SVP Program and Abstracts Book 2010: 113.
- Lappin AK, Jones MEH. 2011. Empirical standardization of bite-force performance. Society for Integrative Biology 2011 Annual Meeting Abstracts.
Copies of all publications are available upon request.
Invited talks:
2007 "The tuatara of New Zealand". Nature Live, Natural History Museum, UK.
2008 "The New Zealand tuatara and its' fossil relatives". Institute of Animal Technology, London, UK.
2009 "A new view of Rhynchocephalia: why Sphenodon is not a living fossil". Evolution 150, Cuenca, Spain.
2009 "The New Zealand tuatara and its fossil relatives". Darwin Now, Science and Technology Museum, Xi'an, China.
2009 "Fossil frogs from China and abroad". Darwin Now, Science and Technology Museum, Xi'an, China.
2009 "Life after a PhD". Cumberland Lodge, Windsor, UK.
2009 "New perspectives on the New Zealand tuatara (Sphenodon): feeding and evolution". Palaeobiology Discussion Group, University of Bristol, UK.
2010 "The New Zealand tuatara, its fossil relatives and the Welsh Dragon". Geologists Association South Wales Group and Geology Society, University of Swansea, UK.
2010 "Life after a PhD". Cumberland Lodge, Windsor. UK.
2010 "Modeling muscle structure and activity in vertebrate skulls: implications for the analysis of extinct taxa". International Congress of Palaeontology 3, Imperial College, London, UK.
2010 "The origin and early history of Lepidosauromorpha (Diapsida)". Paläontologische Gesellschaft 2010, LMU, Münuch, Germany.
2011 (Feb) "The tuatara of New Zealand". Nature Live, Natural History Museum, UK.
2011 (May) "The tuatara of New Zealand". Nature Live, Natural History Museum, UK.
2012 "A new approach to understanding the diversity of tooth attachment in tetrapods". London Oral Biology Club, Royal London Hospital, UK.
2012 "Oral food processing in the tuatara reptile and why chewing is worthwhile". Palaeobiology Discussion Group, University of Bristol, UK.
2012 "Why the fossil record is crucial for understanding the evolutionary context of the New Zealand tuatara (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia: Sphenodon)". World Congress of Herpetology 7, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Part of the symposium 'Insights from the fossil record into the evolution of extant amphibians and reptiles'.
2012 "Early history of the London Evolutionary Research Network". LERN, UCL, University College London.
2012 "Why fossils are important for understanding the evolutionary context of the New Zealand tuatara". LERN, UCL, University College London.
2013 (March) "The tuatara of New Zealand". Nature Live, Natural History Museum, UK.
Selected field work experience:
1998 Dorset and Cornwall, UK.
1998 Yorkshire Coast, UK. Included Scarborough, Speeton Clay, Whitby and Robin Hood's Bay.
1999 Palaeozoic Welsh Basin: Ludlow, Meeting House Quarry, Clarach Cove and Rheader Gorge.
2002 Palaeozoic fish localities in South East Australia (IPC), New South Wales, Australia. Included Grenfell, Canowindra and Wee Jasper.
2003 Early Cretaceous Las Hoyas lagerstätte, near Cuenca, Castilla de Mancha, Spain (3 weeks).
2003 Isle of Wight, UK. LERN fieldtrip. Included the Yaverland, Hanover Point and Whitecliff.
2004 Yorkshire Coast, UK. LERN fieldtrip.
2004 Middle Jurassic Elgol microvertebrate site (Kilmaluag Formation), Isle of Skye, Scotland (3 weeks).
2005 Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China.
2005 Late Triassic terrestrial localities of Arizona, USA.
2010 Radiation of lacertid lizards. Namibia.
Selected press attention:
2008 National Geographic: Giant "Frog from Hell" fossil found in Madagascar.
2008 BBC News: 'Frog from hell' unearthed.
2008 Daily Telegraph: 'Frog from hell' that are baby dinosaurs.
2008 ScienceDaily: Giant frog jumps continents, may have eaten baby dinosaurs.
2008 MSN: Scientists find Devil Toad fossil.
2008 New Scientist: Sluggish reptile evolved at record speed.
2009 National Geographic: Tuatara ancestor adds to sunken New Zealand debate.
2009 New Scientist: Unusual fossil may rule out ancient flood.
2009 Nature research highlights: Biogeography: on jaws and geography.
2009 Science Daily: Reptile fossil reignites debate over New Zealand submergence.
2010 Laboratory News: Tuatara acts as model for false teeth damage.
2010 ScienceDaily: What can a New Zealand reptile tell us about false teeth?
2012 BBC News: Tuatara reptile slices food with 'steak-knife teeth'.
2012 New Scientist: Zoologger: strange reptiles saw heads off seabirds.
2012 ScienceDaily: Iconic New Zealand reptile shows chewing is not just for mammals.
2012 MSN: Strange reptile chews food with steak knife-teeth.
2012 Wired: New Zealand tuatara has a unique, bird-decapitating chew.
2012 the New York Times: A unique slice-and-dice strategy for chewing.
2012 Scope: New fossil find sheds light on present-day reptile.
Other academic activities:
London Evolutionary Research Network (LERN) http://londonevolution.net/
In October 2002 Marc formed a committee of 8 students from 4 different universities and established the society LERN to facilitate greater interaction between students based in London who's research involved some aspect of evolution. During Marc's time as chairman he obtained funding from a variety of sources, built up a mailing list, contributed to the initial website, and helped organise over 20 talks from senior academics (e.g. Leslie Aiello, Andy Purvis, Janet Brown, Richard Nicholls, Adrian Lister, and Simon Conway Morris), 12 talks from PhD students, 2 student conferences and 2 fieldtrips. After several successful committee handovers the society remains active with a continually expanding membership, and growing international reputation. In 2012 Marc was an invited plenary speaker at LERN's 10th student conference.
Images and video links:
Marc Jones at Science Showoff, 2012 from Mally Sword on Vimeo.
An interview with Marc by UCL about a publication in 'the Anatomical Record': "Shearing Mechanics and the Influence of a Flexible Symphysis During Oral Food Processing in Sphenodon (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)"
An interview with Marc about a publication in 'Journal of Biomechanics': "Feedback control from the jaw joints during biting: An investigation of the reptile Sphenodon using multibody modelling"
|Marc giving a talk at Cumberland Lodge (August 2009).
Marc holding a live tuatara at
Dallas Zoo (2007).
Photo taken by Bradley Lawrence.
An example of a line and
stipple illustration by Marc (2007).
Part of a prosauropod dinosaur skull. Photograph copyright of Paul M Barrett.
An example of a scientific illustration by Marc. 2002.
The skull of an anaconda (Eunectes murina), specimen LDUCZ x.456.
A wild Adder (Vipera
berus) spotted near the coast of west Wales (UK). 2008.
If you see an adder in the UK please contact: http://www.adder.org.uk/
The skeleton of
Brachiosaurus altithorax
standing outside the of Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2007.
Marc on a field trip to
Petrified Forest National Park, USA,
with host Bill Parker (Petrified Forest National Park). 2005.
Marc with Jason Hilton
(University of Birmingham)
carrying out fieldwork on Skye in Scotland, UK. 2004.


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Sony chooses open | Opensource.com
Sony chooses open
Phrases I considered for this post's title ranged from "surprising choice" to "sign of the apocalypse." More than a few years ago, I remember buying my first piece of Sony hardware--a video camera. It was one of the first that also let you take digital stills, which it saved to a tiny, purple, proprietary Sony memory stick that was an expensive pain to replace or get a spare of. And that was how I first learned that Sony was mostly only interested in Sony.
Then today I saw a lot of people pointing to the about page of Sony's Networked Application Platform (SNAP):
Sony's Networked Application Platform is a project designed to leverage the open source community to build and evolve the next generation application framework for consumer electronic devices.
The developer program gives access to a developer community and resources like SDK, tools, documentation and other developers.
The foundation upon which this project is base comes from the GNUstep community...
A little history for those who have never heard of GNUStep: In 1993 NeXT and Sun pushed a free object layer API based on the NeXTSTEP object system, which led to the OpenStep specification. Apple acquired NeXT in 1996, and their Cocoa API is the current incarnation of the old NeXTSTEP and OpenStep environments. GNUstep is an effort at a free software version of the Cocoa API. It includes the Objective-C libraries as well as the tools not only for Linux, but also for Windows. Sony intends to modernize GNUstep for SNAP to include features for things like 3D and touchscreens.
Avi Bryant summarized both possible motivation and humor with one tweet:
After the success of iOS, Sony is using Obj-C/GNUStep for their next-gen dev platform. NeXT gets the last laugh.
Of course this isn't the first surprise turn to openness from Sony. They launched their first Android-based handset just over a year ago, and rumors are that the "Playstation phone" likely to be announced December 9 will be Android-based as well. Interestingly enough, Android 3.0 ("Gingerbread") will be released three days earlier on December 6. If all the rumors add up to be true, it could be a game-changer for gaming on Android.
Good steps, Sony. Keep heading towards open.
6 Comments
i hope this works.
Sory, but what´s so open about Android?
Recently I bought an Android phone and the first thing I had to do was to open a Google account... and good luck trying to use it without it.
I dont want to synchonize all my personal data against the cloud, that´s my information and I want to keep it as private as I can, but not with an Android phone.
Actually I´m not quite fond of the Iphone either. In fact I´m looking for a smartphone right now, and the fact that almost every phone maker company is adopting Android really freaks me out. I guess you could say that OSs based on linux kernel and with "most" of the code under GPL or whatever are best than closed ones, but those are tiny details if we think what´s Google doing with our information. Also as a average consumer you are not going to write your own apps... so, I guess "open" can be just an empty word. Just a thought.
I´m not triyng to say that we have to be black or white about it, I actually can see grays ;). In this case may be Android it´s more open than MS or whatever, but you are in this particular case, giving up something really important in exchange: your data. At this point it´s quite obvious that open is not the same as free, but I think is a too-high price to pay, most of the people are unaware of this cost and very few seems to care about it.

subset: commoncrawl


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Dive into the Summer for Architects - Introduction into the Windows Azure Platform
- Posted: Jul 19, 2011 at 12:08AM
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Architect Summer Campaign - Introduction into the Windows Azure Platform
Summer's here and for the most of us this is the time we take that well-deserved rest and stand back a little from
the daily grind. It's also a time for some reflection, a time to think about the things that we would like to do during the next couple of months.
This is why we will be serving you up with such a refreshing cocktail of new things to enjoy in 4 special issues of the Architect newsletter.
The second topic of this summer edition lets you dive into the Windows Azure Platform.
Explore and dive into the Windows Azure Platform: Focus on the application, not the infrastructure.
The Windows Azure platform is an Internet-scale cloud computing services platform hosted in Microsoft data centres.
The Windows Azure platform provides architects with an Internet-scale hosting environment with a runtime execution environment for managed and unmanaged code. With geographically distributed data centres, Windows Azure compute provides architects with the functionality to build, host and manage complete and compelling applications across the world.
Are you ready to explore the Windows Azure Platform? Take a look at our website and browse through a handpicked choice of articles, white papers and videos explaining what the Windows Azure Platform has to offer.
Speaker : Bart Vande Ghinste
Other interesting Summer Campaigns :
- For Developers : Windows Phone 7 Mango, Visuals Studio 2010 ALM
- For IT Professionals : Virtualization, Desktop Deployment
- For Independant Software Vendors (ISV) : Leveraging the Cloud, Unlocking your data
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SL TV: 12 Days of Christmas Stories
MUNCIE, Ind. -- Ball State Sports Link will deliver a new feature production every day through Dec. 25 as part of the SL "12 Days of Christmas" stories.
The SL "12 Days of Christmas" features exclusive stories on football's Keith Wenning, including a 15-minute extended feature on the record-breaking senior quarterback on Christmas Day.
Ball State Football's Willie Snead, Zane Fakes and Jonathan Newsome will also be featured, as well as the inspirational story of men's swimmer Tanner Barton.
Also included in the "12 Days of Christmas" stories will be three, full-length productions - "Out of the Shadows: Ball State Men's Basketball Episode #2", an hour-long 3rd Down Chirp Football Bowl Special and the December edition of "Driven".
Ball State Sports Link's "12 Days of Christmas"
Dec. 14 - Women's Basketball: Haley Richardson and Renee Bennett - [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 15 - Men's Golf: Tyler Merkel - [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 16 - 3rd Down Chirp's Top 10 Plays of 2013 BSU Football - [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 17 - Football Exclusive: Snead The Fourth - [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 18 - Football Exclusive: Wenning. - [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 19 - 3rd Down Chirp Bowl Special, Delivered by Papa John's - [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 20 - Football Exclusive: Zane Fakes [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 21 - Out of the Shadows: Ball State Men's Basketball - Ep. 2 - [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 22 - Football Exclusive: Jonathan Newsome - [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 23 - Men's Swimming: "Blue Blood - The Tanner Barton Story" - [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 24 - Driven, Presented by Stoops Automotive - [WATCH VIDEO]
Dec. 25 - Football Exclusive: Wenning - The Extended Version - [WATCH VIDEO]
Join The SL Nation:
Connect with over 9,000 other fans and get daily updates and videos with BSU's largest social media network for BSU Sports -- Ball State Sports Link.
Like SL on Facebook: www.facebook.com/BallStateSportsLink
Follow SL on Twitter: @bsusportslink
About Ball State Sports Link and Digital Sports Production:
In 2013, Ball State University is the first school in the nation to offer a degree in Digital Sports Production through the Department of Telecommunications. Digital Sports Production is an interactive learning experience combined with an immersive learning project, Ball State Sports Link.


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on July 24, 2013 - 4:45 PM
, updated July 24, 2013 at 5:07 PM
A passenger car driver reported by State Police to be in his mid-20s remained in critical condition at ECMC this evening hours after his car and a tractor trailer rig were involved in a crash on the southbound I-190 just north of the Skyway at about 3:52 p.m. today. The crash backed up southbound traffic as far north as Ontario Street. The accident scene was cleared at about 5:30 p.m., according to state police spokesmen. State Troopers remain at ECMC waiting further word on the injured driver. No other information was released on his identity, and the crash remains under investigation.


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2009: Los Angeles Lakers head coach Phil Jackson breaks Red Auerbach's record by winning his 10th NBA title. Jackson had twice coached the Chicago Bulls to three straight NBA titles in 1991-93 and 1996-98 and won three more in a row with the Lakers from 2000-02. He would coach the Lakers to another title in 2010, raising his career total to 11th NBA titles as a coach to go along with two he earned as a player for the New York Knicks in the early 1970s.
1994: American composer and conductor Henry Mancini, best known for his film and television scores, including the themes to the theme to "The Pink Panther" film series and the "Peter Gunn" TV series, dies of pancreatic cancer at the age of 70 in Los Angeles, California. Mancini was nominated for an unprecedented 72 Grammys, winning 20. He also won four Academy Awards out of 18 nominations, including Oscars for Best Original Song for "Moon River" from "Breakfast at Tiffany's" and "Days of Wine and Roses" from the movie of the same title, both shared with Johnny Mercer. His other two Oscars were for the scores for "Breakfast at Tiffany's" and "Victor Victoria."
1994: After the New York Rangers beat the Vancouver Canucks in Game 7 of the Stanley Cup Finals, fans riot in downtown Vancouver, causing damages of $1.1 million in Canadian dollars and leading to 200 injuries and numerous arrests. One of the people injured was left with permanent brain damage.
1991: "Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves," starring Kevin Costner, Morgan Freeman, Christian Slater, Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio and Alan Rickman, premieres in theaters. The movie became a blockbuster hit, earning $25 million its opening weekend in the United States and eventually more than $390 million at the global box office, making it the second highest grossing film of 1991, immediately behind "Terminator 2: Judgment Day."
1989: Zsa Zsa Gabor is arrested for slapping a Beverly Hills motorcycle patrolman when he stopped her for a traffic violation. She would eventually receive a three-day jail sentence for the incident.
1986: Songwriter and composer Alan Jay Lerner (right), who collaborated with Frederick Loewe (left) and later Burton Lane to create some of the world's most popular and enduring works of musical theater for both the stage and on film, dies of lung cancer at age 67 in New York City. Some of Lerner's best known works with Loewe include "Brigadoon," "Gigi," "My Fair Lady" and "Camelot." He also wrote the Oscar-winning screenplay for "An American in Paris."
1986: Marlin Perkins, the zoologist best known as a host of the television show "Mutual of Omaha's Wild Kingdom" from 1963 to 1985, dies of cancer at age 81 in St. Louis, Missouri.
1985: A 17-day hijacking ordeal begins when a pair of Lebanese Shiite Muslim extremists seize TWA Flight 847 shortly after takeoff from Athens, Greece. The hijackers, who were seeking the release of 700 Shi'ite Muslims from Israeli custody and the condemnation of Israel and the United States, first diverted the plane to Beirut. Over the next two weeks the plane flew back and forth from Beirut to Algiers and the hijackers killed one passenger, a U.S. Navy diver, before eventually releasing the rest of their captives when some of their demands were met.
1982: Argentine forces in the Falkland Islands' capital city of Stanley conditionally surrender to British forces, ending the Falklands War after 74 days. The conflict resulted from the long-standing dispute over the sovereignty of the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, which lie east of Argentina in the South Atlantic. Pictured are Argentine prisoners of war in Stanley.
1978: Screenwriter and author Diablo Cody, best known for writing the screenplays for "Juno," "Jennifer's Body" and "Young Adult," is born Brook Busey in Lemont, Illinois. "Juno," her debut script, won her multiple awards, including an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award and a Writers Guild of America Award.
1976: "The Gong Show" premieres on television. The talent show featured a panel of three celebrity judges and amateur performers of often dubious talent who could be "gonged" off the stage by the judges. It is best remembered for its absurdist humor and style, often awarding participants ridiculous prizes.
1970: The Grateful Dead releases the album "Workingman's Dead." The album, which features the singles "Uncle John's Band" and "Casey Jones," peaked at No. 27 on the Billboard 200 album chart and eventually received Platinum certification.
1969: Tennis player Steffi Graf, who was ranked World No. 1 by the Women's Tennis Association for a record 377 total weeks, is born in Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany. Graf won 22 Grand Slam singles titles in her career, second among male and female players only to Margaret Court's 24. She won 107 singles titles, which ranks her third on the WTA's all-time list after Martina Navratilova and Chris Evert, and is the only tennis player to achieve the Calendar Year Golden Slam by winning all four Grand Slam singles titles and the Olympic gold medal in the same calendar year, which she did in 1988.
1968: Actress Yasmine Bleeth, best known for her roles on the TV series "Baywatch" and "Nash Bridges," is born in New York City. Bleeth also appeared in the soap operas "Ryan's Hope" and "One Life to Live" to begin her career.
1967: The British drama "To Sir With Love" premieres in the United States. The movie, starring Sidney Poitier as an idealistic engineer-trainee who takes a job teaching a group of rambunctious white high school students from the slums of London's East End, grossed $42 million at the box office to become the eighth highest-grossing film of 1967. The film was also notable for its title song sung by Lulu, which reached No. 1 on the U.S. pop charts, and ultimately was Billboard magazine's No. 1 pop single of 1967.
1965: The album "Beatles VI" is released. The Beatles' seventh Capitol Records release in the United States, it would reach No. 1 on the Billboard 200 album chart for six weeks, beginning on July 10, 1965.
1961: Singer-songwriter Boy George, best known as the lead singer of the 1980s pop group Culture Club, is born George Alan O'Dowd in Bexley, Kent, England.
1959: The Disneyland Monorail System, the first daily operating monorail system in the Western Hemisphere, opens to the public at the Anaheim, California, theme park.
1958: Speed skater Eric Heiden, who won an unprecedented five individual gold medals at the 1980 Winter Olympics, is born in Madison, Wisconsin. Heiden won all the men's speed skating races (500m, 1,000m, 1,500m, 5,000m and 10,000m) in Lake Placid, New York, setting four Olympic records and one world record in the process. After his speed-skating career, Heiden became a professional racing cyclist, winning a few American professional races and competing in the 1986 Tour de France. After his sports career, Heiden went to school to become an orthopedic surgeon.
1954: U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law that places the words "under God" into the United States Pledge of Allegiance.
1952: College basketball coach Pat Summitt, the all-time winningest coach in NCAA basketball history, is born in Clarksville, Tennessee. She coached from 1974 to 2012, all with the University of Tennessee Lady Vols, winning eight NCAA national championships, second only to the record 10 titles won by UCLA men's coach John Wooden. She was the first coach in NCAA history, and one of four college coaches overall, to reach 1,000 career victories.
1951: The U.S. Census Bureau officially puts into service what it calls the world's first commercial computer, known as UNIVAC I. Although the computer, whose name was an acronym for Universal Automatic Computer, wasn't the first ever built, it was the first computer to be widely used for commercial purposes. A total of 46 machines were built at $1 million each.
1949: Albert II, a rhesus monkey, rides a V2 rocket to an altitude of 83 miles, thereby becoming the first monkey in space. Albert II survived the flight but died on impact after a parachute failure. He was actually the second monkey launched by the United States, with the first, Albert I, reaching an elevation of 39 miles on June 11, 1948, but dying of suffocation during the flight.
1946: Businessman, TV personality, author and politician Donald Trump is born in Queens, New York. Trump, who over the years has become known for his extravagant lifestyle, outspoken manner and "The Apprentice" reality TV show, is currently running for U.S. president as the presumptive GOP nominee.
1940: A group of 728 Polish political prisoners from Tarnów, which included 20 Jews, becomes the first residents of the Auschwitz concentration camp. More than a million prisoners would die at the camp before it was liberated by Soviet troops on Jan. 27, 1945.
1940: During World War II, Paris falls under German occupation, and Allied forces retreat. France would remain under Axis occupation until the liberation of the country after the Allied landings in June 1944.
1934: In Venice, Italy, Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet for the first time. The initial meeting between the two dictators did not proceed amicably. Mussolini refused to give in to Hitler's demands and later described the German dictator as a "silly little monkey."
1928: Ernesto "Che" Guevara, the physician and author who became a Marxist revolutionary and guerrilla leader, is born in Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. Guevara became a major figure in the Cuban Revolution and his stylized visage has become a symbol of counterculture rebellion. Guevara left Cuba in 1965 to help spur revolution abroad, first unsuccessfully in Congo-Kinshasa and later in Bolivia, where he was captured by CIA-assisted Bolivian forces and summarily executed on Oct. 9, 1967.
1909: Actor and singer Burl Ives, best known for movies such as "East of Eden," "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof" and "The Big Country," and the 1964 stop-motion animated family special "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer," is born in Jasper County, Illinois. Ives, who composed the title song to "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer," voiced Sam the Snowman, the banjo-playing narrator of the special. His "A Holly Jolly Christmas" and "Silver and Gold" became Christmas standards after being featured in the show. He also won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in "The Big Country." He died from complications of oral cancer at age 85 on April 14, 1995.
1908: Frederick Stanley, the English politician who served as the sixth governor general of Canada but is most remembered for presenting the Stanley Cup, dies at age 67 in London, England. Lord Stanley of Preston, as he was known between 1886 and 1893, originally donated the trophy as a challenge cup for Canada's best amateur hockey club but in 1909 it became contested by professional teams exclusively. Since 1926, only teams of the National Hockey League have competed for the trophy.
1864: Psychiatrist and neuropathologist Alois Alzheimer is born in Marktbreit, Bavaria. He is credited with identifying the first published case of "presenile dementia," which his colleague Emil Kraepelin would term Alzheimer's disease in his 1910 book "Clinical Psychiatry."
1846: In what became known as the Bear Flag Revolt, Anglo settlers in Sonoma, California, start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic. The revolt lasted 26 days, at the end of which the U.S. Army, fighting in the Mexican-American War, arrived to occupy the area. Although the "republic" never actually exercised any real authority, it is notable for creation of the "Bear Flag", whose symbols, including a grizzly bear and the words "California Republic," were later incorporated into the California state flag.
1820: Author and publisher John Bartlett, best known for editing "Bartlett's Familiar Quotations," the longest-lived and most widely distributed collection of quotations, is born in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
1811: Abolitionist and author Harriet Beecher Stowe, best known for her 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin," which depicted life for African-Americans under slavery, is born Harriet Elisabeth Beecher in Litchfield, Connecticut.
1801: Benedict Arnold, the American Continental Army general who defected to the British Army after his plot to surrender West Point to the British was exposed, dies at the age of 60 in London, England. After his defection, he was commissioned as a brigadier general in the British Army and led forces in raids in Virginia and Connecticut.
1789: HMS Bounty mutiny survivors including Capt. William Bligh and 18 others reach Timor after a nearly 4,600-mile journey in an open boat over 47 days.
1777: The Stars and Stripes is adopted by Congress as the flag of the United States.
1775: During the American Revolutionary War, the Continental Army is established by the Continental Congress, marking the birth of the United States Army.
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A nickname for the name Matthew. Anyone who is called Chuchie is a great guy who is super sexy and sweet. Chuchie's girlfriend loves him more than anything because Chuchie is the best ever.
have you met that kid chuchie? He's a real nice kid.
ayon kay sammiiiiiiiC ika-14 ng Abril, 2011
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This chart from the Officials Records of the Union and Confederate Navies diagrams the U.S. Navy assault on Fort Sumter on April 7, 1863.
The gunboats sailed into the Stono a little farther every day, shooting at troops on James Island before slipping back out to sea.
It began in the fall of 1862 and continued into the winter of 1863, the Yankees growing more brazen each week.
The Union Navy, it seemed, was pushing the limits of its reach into South Carolina, and in the process preventing the Confederates from fortifying the riverbanks.
The most troublesome, and bold, of these ships was a converted river steamer called the Isaac P. Smith. Its captain, Lt. F.S. Conover, allowed his bored crewmen to pass the time by taking target practice on houses along the river -- or any person who wandered into view.
Once, the Isaac P. Smith's crew even landed a boat at an abandoned plantation on Johns Island and drew a picture of a man on a carriage house. For days afterward, the sailors amused themselves by shooting at their crude artwork.
When Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard got wind of this behavior, he decided to make an example of the Isaac P. Smith.
Quietly, Beauregard ordered some men to move several heavy guns from the peninsula to James Island. These guns were hidden near the riverbank on Thomas Grimball's plantation -- some later would claim they even camouflaged one with a bale of hay. At the same time, other guns were moved to Johns Island. The Confederates stowed two guns inside the carriage house sporting the Yankee artwork.
The trap was set by Jan. 29, 1863, but the Confederates would have to lie in wait for more than a day to spring it.
Troops spotted the Isaac P. Smith steaming up the Stono on Friday afternoon, just as it passed Grimball's plantation. The boat was so close to shore that the Confederates could identify the lookouts on each of the boat's three masts.
But the crew of the Union gunboat did not see the Confederates in time.
Capt. John H. Gary watched the ship creep along less than 100 yards offshore and waited for his moment. When Gary saw what he decided was the best shot, he ordered his men to open fire.
The first shot ripped through the Isaac P. Smith's timbers, sending Union sailors scampering around the deck. They had been taken completely by surprise, but, within minutes, regained their composure enough to retaliate. The gunboat returned fire.
For a moment it looked as if it would turn into a real fight. The Yankees took out one of the Confederate guns with a single shot. But soon, the troops on Johns Island got off three good shots in a row, one of which took out the Isaac P. Smith's engine. A second later, the ship belched white steam from its stack and Conover raised the white flag of surrender.
It was one of the first times in history that a warship had surrendered to field batteries.
Blockade runners
Between the surrender of the Isaac P. Smith and the Palmetto State's attack on the blockade a day later, it seemed Charleston had improved its naval defenses. But, in fact, Beauregard was deeply worried.
Every intelligence report that landed on his desk that winter suggested the Union Navy was planning a major assault on Charleston. On Tuesday, Feb. 17, The Mercury published a report from Savannah that claimed Yankee troops from Hilton Head were overheard discussing plans to attack Charleston the following Sunday.
The newspaper ominously noted there were an estimated 50,000 troops on or around Hilton Head.
Beauregard responded immediately. The next day, The Mercury printed a letter from the general warning of a possible attack and stressing his hope that "all persons unable to take an active part in the struggle" would get out of town.
The entire city was on edge by the weekend. When a Yankee gunboat approached Sullivan's Island on Saturday, locals feared the attack was underway. But troops on the island quickly spotted a white flag flying from the Flambeau. It turned out the boat was simply trying to deliver mail for the captured crew of the Isaac P. Smith.
Charleston was quiet for weeks after that, but the dread of impending attack was never far from anyone's mind. The next scare came March 12, when the city was awakened by the sound of heavy firing in the harbor. For two hours the shooting continued unabated, leading some to believe the Yankees were coming.
As it turned out, the first shots were a test of battery signals in the event of an attack. But someone didn't get the memo and soon batteries around the harbor had joined the shelling. One shot damaged a newly occupied house on Sullivan's Island.
Luckily, it was the only casualty of the day.
As winter thawed into spring, Beauregard divided his time between the city's defenses and arguing arcane points of law. Several Southern lawyers maintained that when an enemy fleet wants to blockade a harbor, they must give ample notice of their intent. These attorneys convinced the general that if the fleet is dispersed for even a brief amount of time, the legal process has to begin again.
Beauregard tried to use this quaint law of war to clear the channel of Yankee ships. But the U.S. Navy refused to budge -- or concede that the blockade was disrupted in the attack by Charleston's ironclads.
On March 7, The Mercury published a letter sent to the newspaper by officers of the blockading fleet. It said, "No vessels were sunk and none set on fire" during the Palmetto State and Chicora's attack.
They claimed the Mercedita and the Keystone State were slightly damaged, but that was all. There had been no break in the blockade, they said. The two sides may have been wary of engaging in a naval battle, but they were more than willing to snipe at each other in the press.
The war of words did not distract Beauregard so much that he failed to notice the build-up of Union forces off the coast. It seemed the number of ships joining the blockade increased slightly every week.
Despite this ever-growing fleet, it seemed that more blockade runners than ever were reaching the city, and the economy was showing signs of life. On March 10, W.B. Ryan reported selling 15 slaves for an average price of $992 -- which included $1,810 for one 20-year-old woman. Within a week, the steamer Ruby arrived from Nassau, selling its cargo for a substantial profit.
The next day, March 18, the British steamship Calypso outran blockaders and dodged heavy shelling to reach the wharf in Charleston with her cargo of contraband. But the next ship would not be so lucky.
Around 1 a.m. on Thursday, March 19, the British steamer Georgiana sailed within sight of the South Carolina coast, carrying medicine, dry goods and six pieces of field artillery for Charleston. Off Dewees Island, the Georgiana passed a schooner and a steamer -- both blockaders -- but neither spotted her.
That luck would not hold. A few minutes after slipping by the two unsuspecting ships, another blockader spied the Georgiana and opened fire with deadly efficiency. One shell exploded under the ship's stern, taking out her rudder.
To escape capture, the Georgiana's captain ordered his crew to run the ship aground on Long Island (modern-day Isle of Palms). When the ship hit the beach, the crew flooded her to keep the Union Navy from taking the ship or its cargo.
Charleston, desperate for supplies, had just lost another cache that was almost within reach.
A reluctant attack
On March 30, The Mercury reported there had been some "unwanted activity" by the enemy off the coast. In the last week, pickets had spotted a fleet of 21 ships in the North Edisto River. Among the boats there were at least four turreted ironclads.
Over the weekend, "intelligence reports" noted that a gunboat and three transport ships had approached Cole's Island at the mouth of the Stono and landed some 200 troops there. It appeared the Yankees were preparing to attack.
Charleston didn't realize it at the time, but the Union fleet's heart wasn't in it.
Rear Adm. Samuel F. DuPont had spent the winter preparing to attack the city but still didn't think he was ready. He had received word that Beauregard was reinforcing the harbor and DuPont had considerable respect for the general's military prowess.
There were rumors that the entrance to Charleston Harbor was lined with mines, and it frustrated DuPont that he could not confirm this bit of intelligence. And if that weren't enough, he was not particularly happy with his ironclads.
After putting the ships through a series of tests, DuPont had concluded that the Patapsco, Passaic and Nahant were slow and quick to break down -- similar to the problems that afflicted Charleston's own ironclads. Worst of all, DuPont had decided these ships were no match for the forts protecting Charleston.
But officials in Washington insisted that he press on with his plans, and DuPont was not a man to ignore orders.
On Tuesday, April 7, The Mercury declared "The Hour At Hand." The newspaper reported that nine ironclads -- "eight turreted Monitors and the Ironsides" -- as well as 30 wooden ships had appeared off the bar the day before.
"At all events, their movements were such as to induce the anticipation that the thunders of conflict will be heard before our next issue shall meet the eyes of our readers," Robert Barnwell Rhett Jr. wrote.
Although The Mercury repeated rumors that ground troops would once again descend on James Island, this was largely a naval battle. Around 2:30 that afternoon, the ironclad Weehawken began moving toward Fort Sumter, the Union fleet spread out behind it. The battle was on.
The Confederates would not waste any ammunition on errant shots. Just after 2 p.m., the lead ship had been about 3,000 yards out, but they waited nearly an hour later before Charleston reverberated under "the dull detonation" of the first shot from Fort Moultrie. The shot was answered by immediate fire from the U.S. Navy ironclads, each shot leaving white puffs of smoke hovering over their turrets.
At 3:10, Fort Sumter joined the fray, opening her guns on the ironclads as batteries on Morris and Sullivan's islands provided additional firepower.
No matter how much the Confederates fired at the ironclads, the Navy ships kept coming. As the turreted ships approached shore, they fired 15-inch rounds at Moultrie and some of the smaller batteries. But most of their efforts were directed at the east face of Sumter.
At 4:30, the battle was still "fierce and general," and Charleston Harbor was blanketed in smoke. The ironclads shifted their position, always turning their turrets on Sumter.
Moultrie's guns were trained on the closest ironclad, and they made contact with deadly efficiency. But when one of the ships fired back, the shell took out the fort's flagstaff and killed a private named Lusby. Fort Sumter lost no men, but one shot sent a shower of bricks onto Sgt. Faulkner and the men of Company B. A few soldiers were injured in the melee, and another shot tore the fort's Confederate flag.
Aboard the New Ironsides, DuPont felt helpless. The ship had taken an estimated 93 hits and, through the firing, the admiral could not signal the other boats. But he knew the battle was lost. He ordered the ship to begin steaming south, firing a few parting shots at Sumter as they went. The ironclad Keokuk followed and by 4:45, the shooting began to taper off.
Aboard the Weehawken, Capt. John Rodgers felt his ship shudder from one shot and thought it was one of the underwater mines that DuPont had warned them about. Worried that he might sink, Rodgers ordered a retreat. Behind him, the fleet fell apart.
The ironclad Keokuk would become the battle's largest casualty. As the New Ironsides came up alongside the boat, Capt. A.C. Rhind told DuPont the boat was sinking. It was abandoned just off Morris Island, where it sank the next morning.
Over the next week, equipment and furniture from the ironclad washed up on the beach at Morris Island. Confederates collected some of the debris and ultimately decided to mount a dangerous expedition out to the ship. Under the nose of the blockade, the Southerners stripped the Keokuk of an 11-inch gun, which was ultimately mounted at Fort Sumter.
That was the final irony of the battle. Not only had Charleston repelled one of the most powerful naval squadrons ever assembled, they could now use one of the United States' own guns against it.
Beauregard and his troops had bested the Union forces once again and, after months of tension, Charleston could relax somewhat.
But this, as it turned out, was only the opening salvo in the coming siege.
Next: Showdown on Morris Island
Several ironclad ships, including the New Ironsides and the Keokuk, participated in the April 7, 1863, assault on the fort.×
The Confederate view of the U.S. Navys attack on Fort Sumter on April 7, 1863.×
- Keywords


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LEXINGTON, Ky. – The participants and schedule for the inaugural Gulf Coast Showcase to be held this Thanksgiving at the Germain Arena in Estero, Fla. were announced on Friday morning by bd Global, LLC, a Lexington, Ky.-based sports marketing firm that is managing the event.
The Stetson men's basketball team will end its eight-game road trip to start the 2013 season at the Gulf Coast Showcase, joining Illinois-Chicago, Louisiana Tech, San Diego, Southern Illinois, St. Bonaventure, UNC Greensboro, and Wagner in the eight-team, three-day tournament from Nov. 25-27. Stetson will open play on Monday, taking on the Northeast Conference's Wagner in the third game of the first round.
"We are excited to showcase these 16 quality programs in the inaugural Gulf Coast Showcase," said Brooks Downing, president of bd Global, referencing both the men's and women's tournaments. "We had been considering this market to launch a premium event of this nature, and after Florida Gulf Coast made its magical run last March, we were convinced that the Fort Myers-Naples area would be the ideal destination location to create a signature event."
Fans can learn more about the tournament by visiting gulfcoastshowcase.com.


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Stetson University volleyball senior Kaley Melville has been named to the All-Atlantic Sun Second Team while Tiffany Creamer has been unanimously selected to the Atlantic Sun All-Freshman team, the league announced on Tuesday.
One of just two players in the league to record over 400 kills and 300 digs this season, Melville is averaging 3.34 kills and 2.74 digs per set. She is just the seventh player in school history to record over 400 kills in a season, and she is the only player in school history to record over 1200 kills and 1100 digs in a career. This season she recorded double-digit kills 24 times, including a school-record 28 kills against UNF on Sept. 20. She was later named the league's Player of the Week.
Creamer, meanwhile, set the school record for most kills by a freshman, totaling 344 kills heading into the A-Sun tournament. She was selected as the A-Sun Freshman of the Week four times, and ranks second among A-Sun freshmen in kills and kills-per-set (2.89). She has reached double-digit kills 19 times, including 13 times in conference matches, and she record a season-high 23 kills against UNF on Nov. 5.
Melville and Creamer have helped guide the Hatters (18-15, 9-9 A-Sun) to their highest win total since 1988 and their first postseason appearance since 1995.
Melville is the first Hatter since Kira Smedley in 2004 to earn first or second team all-conference recognition, while Creamer is the first Hatter since Kelli Carneal in 2009 to earn all-freshman team honors.
No. 5 seed Stetson will face no. 4 seed FGCU in the A-Sun tournament finals Thursday at 5 p.m. in Kennesaw, Ga. The match will be broadcast live by ESPN3.


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Important Note to Anglers— Many waters in Pennsylvania are on private property, the listing of waters by the Fish and Boat Commission does not guarantee public access. Always obtain permission to fish on private property.
|Walleye 15 inches and longer
|Online Map Disclaimer: The online maps on this website are provided as a public service by PFBC. These maps overlay Pennsylvania fishing and boating information on top of base geographic maps provided from other source providers. Names of water bodies, roads, etc. are all part of this base map. Since the PFBC does not control the information presented on these base map layers, the accuracy of this information is not guaranteed. The online maps and their contained information presented by the PFBC are to be used for reference purposes only. The PFBC is not responsible for inaccuracies, nor is any responsibility assumed for damages or other liabilities due to the accuracy, availability, use or misuse of the information provided on these maps.
Maps may not display correctly if you are using Internet Explorer (IE) 8. Please update to IE 9 or above, or use another browser such as Chrome or Firefox.
Pennsylvania's Best Fishing Waters
Biologist Reports -- Fish Species -- Fishing Near You -- PFBC Home
|Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Web Privacy and Security Policies


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Top Definition
verb. The act of riding a motorcycle in such a way that it builds a monstrous faith in one's own skills and furthers their abilities by pushing them to their limits.
I named my motorcycle motomonstruction 'cause that's the attidude I carry with it.
bethness tərəfindən 31 İyul 2006
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Ranked among the nation's most integrated healthcare systems, Community Health Network is Central Indiana's leader in providing convenient access to exceptional healthcare services, where and when patients need them—in hospitals, health pavilions, workplaces, schools and homes.
THURSDAY, April 25 (HealthDay News) -- A hormone that could lead to more effective diabetes treatment has been identified by researchers.
The hormone, called betatrophin, causes mice to produce insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells at up to 30 times the normal rate. But it only produces insulin when the body needs it, according to the team at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute.
The researchers said their findings offer the potential for the natural regulation of insulin and a significant reduction in diabetes-related complications such as blindness and limb amputation.
The study is published in the April 25 online edition of the journal Cell and in its May 9 print issue.
Although the hormone shows promise in lab mice, much more work is needed before it could be considered as a treatment for diabetes in humans, the researchers noted. Results obtained in animal experiments often aren't attainable in trials with humans.
"If this could be used in people, it could eventually mean that instead of taking insulin injections three times a day, you might take an injection of this hormone once a week or once a month, or in the best case maybe even once a year," Doug Melton, co-director of the institute and co-chair of Harvard University's department of stem cell and regenerative biology, said in a university news release.
About 26 million Americans have type 2 diabetes, which causes people to slowly lose beta cells and the ability to produce sufficient amounts of insulin.
"Our idea here is relatively simple," Melton said. "We would provide this hormone, the type 2 diabetic will make more of their own insulin-producing cells, and this will slow down, if not stop, the progression of their diabetes. I've never seen any treatment that causes such an enormous leap in beta cell replication."
Along with its potential for treating type 2 diabetes, betatrophin might also have a role in treating type 1 diabetes, Melton said.
Unlike type 2 diabetes, which is associated with being overweight and sedentary, type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that occurs most often in children and young adults.
More information
The U.S. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases has more about diabetes.
-- Robert Preidt
Health News Copyright © 2013 HealthDay. All rights reserved.
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Educational Blogs
We have found 3 items matching your search query.
Stepping Stones Together
A beginning literacy program designed to empower parents to teach their child reading skills.
Education Play Station
The Education Play Station, located in Adairsville, GA, will be conducting an open house on Thursday, July 28th from 5:00-8:00 p.m. for all 2011 classes. This will be a fantastic o


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Five years ago today, Jaycee Dugard was found alive nearly 20 years after being kidnapped at age 11. She's a rare example of missing people found alive years later.
Missing people found years laterUPDATED 1:00 AM CDT Aug 26, 2014
CommentsThe views expressed are not those of this site, this station or its affiliated companies. By posting your comments you agree to accept our terms of use.blog comments powered by Disqus


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Charleston Lebowski Celebration
The Dude abides. Join the Charleston Music Hall as it embarks on the first event in a film series featuring a showing of "The Big Lebowski." Teaming up with The Alley, the night will be dedicated to the Dude. Complete with "caucasians" (it's a drink), a costume contest (dress as your favorite character for a chance to win a suitcase full of prizes), Lebowski trivia, special bowling lanes, a DJ and more. The film, rated R, will be shown at the Charleston Music Hall with the after-party being held at The Alley. For those unfamiliar with the cult classic, Jeff Bridges stars as Jeff Lebowski, an unemployed slacker and avid bowler nicknamed The Dude. Antics ensue after a case of mistaken identity (there's a millionaire named Jeffrey Lebowski) leads to some damage at The Dude's place.
When: Thursday, the film starts at 7:30 p.m. with the after-party starting at 9:30 p.m.
Where: Charleston Music Hall, 37 John St., and The Alley, 131 Columbus St.
Price: $10 in advance, $12 the day of the show
For more info: charlestonmusichall.com
Cooking Well Invitational
Celebrity chef and "Restaurant Impossible" star Robert Irvine will emcee the inaugural Cooking Well Invitational, a one-day culinary competition and trade show emphasizing healthier ways to cook delicious and affordable meals. Teams from 10 S.C. hospitals will be competing against each other, transforming recipes into healthier versions without sacrificing taste. Professional chefs will then judge the dishes to determine a winner. The public is invited to attend and a light lunch will be included.
A special pre-event to the invitational will be held Thursday at the Culinary Institute. Irvine and chef Marvin Woods will square off and collaborate on healthy dishes in Demo Impossible. VIP tickets are $125 while general admission is $50.
When: 9 a.m.-3 p.m. Friday
Where: The Culinary Institute of Charleston at Trident Technical College, 66 Columbus St.
Price: $35
For more info: www.cookingwell2013.com
Lowcountry Comedy Show
If you're looking to start your weekend with a laugh, consider hitting up the Lowcountry Comedy Show for a night of stand-up fun featuring six comics. The show will feature Dusty Slay, winner of the 2011 and 2012 Charleston Comedy Festivals Stand Up Competition and a Theatre 99 Company member; Vince Fabra, a semi-finalist in the 2011 Charleston stand-up competition and co-creator of the sketch group Peanut Butter Buddy Time; Evan Berke and additional special guests. This show will likely leave you with a stitch in your side.
When: Doors open at 7 p.m. with the show starting at 8 p.m. Friday
Where: Charleston Music Hall, 37 John St.
Price: $10
For more info: charlestonmusichall.com
Sunglasses at Night Bar Crawl
The Summerville Junior Chamber of Commerce, better known as Jaycees, will be hosting a bar crawl through downtown Summerville to raise money for the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, South Carolina Chapter. Throw on a pair of sunglasses and cruise to various locations around town — starting point is Downstairs at the Icehouse with things wrapping up with live music at Montreux Bar & Grill — to enjoy drink specials and '80s trivia. All of the proceeds from the event will go to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation.
When: 6 p.m. Saturday
Where: Starting point is Downstairs at the Icehouse, 104 E. Doty Ave.
Price: $10
For more info: email@example.com
Fid-o-lin Festival
This inaugural event will feature "just about everything that can happen on a fiddle." The new festival spawned from demand to hear more performances by the faculty of the O'Connor Method Camp Charleston, a summer camp for string players. The event, which is open to the public, will feature three shows: Riverfire, banna de dha and The Joe Pye Band will perform Friday; the Stardus Duo, The Andy Reiner Experience, and Thomas McGregor and The Hungry Monks will perform Saturday afternoon; Ashley Liberty and Daniel Strange, and The Kickin Grass Band will perform Saturday night. Proceeds benefit the O'Connor Method Camp.
When: 7 p.m. Friday, 2 and 7 p.m. Saturday
Where: Gage Hall, 4 Archdale St.
Price: $10 per concert, $25 for all three; students pay $5 per concert, $12 for all three
For more info: www.FidolinFestival.com
County Rock, BBQ & Beer Extravaganza
This special tasting event will feature more than a dozen craft beers, new and seasonal, for your sipping pleasure at $5 a glass. The Home Team BBQ food truck will be on-site serving up barbecue platters. Live entertainment will be provided by Eddie Bush and The Mayhem. An RSVP is required.
When: 1-4 p.m. Sunday
Where: Sauer Grapes, 885 Island Park Drive, Daniel Island
Price: $10
More Info: 849-1999 or firstname.lastname@example.com


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The day after the worst day of his life, Bobby Ruff wrestled.
The day after his older brother committed suicide, 12-year-old Bobby Ruff wrestled six opponents in a tournament in Summerville. He defeated all six. He did not give up a single point.
"I just had to," says Ruff, now 18 and a senior at West Ashley High School. "I knew if I sat in the house all day, I'd have been torn apart. I had to get out and do something."
Five years later, that fire, that desire to get out and do something, still burns in Bobby Ruff.
Sit in the house? No, he'd rather wrestle, star as linebacker for the football team, win the lead in the school musical, play for the golf team, learn guitar, work a part-time job, play an active role in the church youth group.
But mainly, Bobby says, it's been football that's filled the hole in his life since that awful day in January 2008. That's when Bobby's older brother, Citadel cadet Brian Ruff Jr., took his own life at age 21.
"My freshman and sophomore years, I felt like I was in a depression," Bobby said. "I saw a counselor, I tried to figure things out, but it wasn't working. I knew I had to do something, and I knew it was football."
Football provides an outlet for pent-up anger and frustration, sure. But it also provides 90 ready-made brothers for a young man who misses his own brother every day.
And now, football will give Bobby Ruff a chance to forge his own path in life. Last month, Bobby Ruff — son of Brian Ruff Sr., perhaps the best football player ever at The Citadel — committed to play at the Bulldogs' crosstown rival, Charleston Southern University.
"My dad did his thing at The Citadel, my brother went there, a bunch of our family members," Bobby said. "I just wanted to go to a different school and make my own legacy.
'Worst day of my life'
Friday, Jan. 18, 2008, was a teacher workday, so Bobby had the day off from school. He went to work with his mom, Jody, who was teaching a class at College of Charleston.
When Jody was called out of class, Bobby knew something was wrong. He remembers sitting in the gym by himself for a long time, wondering if his father was dead. When his parents came to pick him up, the news was just as bad.
Brian Jr., a cadet at The Citadel and Bobby's older brother by nine years, had killed himself. Grief-stricken by a car accident that killed three of his closest friends three years earlier, troubled by a breakup with a girlfriend and problems at school, newly diagnosed with a kidney ailment, Brian Jr. parked his dad's 1971 Mustang under the Limehouse Bridge on Johns Island and ran a hose from the exhaust pipe through the front window.
"When they told me, I just sat there with a blank face," Bobby said. "I didn't know what to say or do. It was the worst day of my life."
Bobby handled the immediate aftermath. He wrestled that weekend — "No one was gonna beat be, no one was gonna hold me down", he said — and at his brother's funeral walked behind the casket with shoulders back and head held high.
"He was so proud of his brother," Jody says.
But as the months passed, Bobby struggled. Despite the age difference, the brothers were close. They had been wrestling together, and against each other, since Bobby was five. They battled in video games, and Brian Jr. took his little brother for runs to Taco Bell.
For the most part, friends understood and said little. But every once in a while, some unthinking kid would tell Bobby, "Your brother was dumb, killing himself."
Then, a fight might break out, and Bobby would find himself in the guidance counselor's office.
"Bobby was a ball of fire up until he was 12," Jody said. "He would bounce off the walls, light up a room, was so happy. Now, he's much more subdued."
But as Bobby reached high school, he found ways to deal with all those feelings inside him. Friends and family, sure, and the youth group at church — Charleston Young Life — was important. But mostly, there was football.
"I took my anger and all that frustration inside me, and used it in football," he said. "In my mind, I would act like somebody had killed my brother, and I took out all my anger that way."
This season, the 6-3, 190-pound Ruff learned how to channel that anger to make the most of his ability. He made the North-South All-Star team as a linebacker, and scored a touchdown for West Ashley on a fake punt.
Arriving late on the radar of college recruiters, Bobby found himself with scholarship offers from The Citadel, Coastal Carolina and Charleston Southern. His choice surprised almost everyone.
Citadel legacy
Brian Ruff Sr. is sitting at a corner table in a West Ashley restaurant when an old friend walks up.
"How's Bobby?" the friend wants to know. "Will he be at The Citadel next fall?"
"No, Charleston Southern," Brian says.
The friend looks shocked. "What, are you crazy?" he asks.
Brian Ruff, now 59, has gotten that reaction more than once in the weeks since Bobby committed to CSU. After all, Brian Ruff was maybe The Citadel's best player ever — a dominant linebacker who was two-time Southern Conference player of the year. He made The Associated Press' first-team All-America squad at a time when The Citadel played in Division I just like Clemson and South Carolina; there was no FBS or FCS.
Bobby grew up going to The Citadel's wrestling camps and football camps and games, and seeing what Citadel men thought of his father.
"When I was little, everywhere we went, everyone would know my dad," Bobby said. "And I always wondered why."
Bobby just assumed he'd go to The Citadel — until one day last summer, when friends and West Ashley teammates Lee Russell and Anthony LaCosta persuaded him to go to a Charleston Southern camp.
There, Bobby impressed new CSU coach Jamey Chadwell and his assistants with his workout.
They impressed him with an emphasis on a family atmosphere.
"I told them, I grew up in a Citadel family and thought I was going to The Citadel," Bobby said. "But that's when I realized that I didn't want to go to The Citadel. I wanted to do my own thing. The coaches there, they acted like it was a family, and I wanted to be a part of it."
His dad is now a Citadel hero — and a CSU fan.
"The Citadel is a place that would have to be his choice," Brian said. "Any parent who forces his son in the front door, they are going to run out the back. It has to be a passion for them, it has to be their choice.
"He doesn't need to be under my shadow. The wrestling mat at The Citadel is named for his brother — does he need to see that all the time? He'd probably be in Charlie Company like I was and his brother was, and every year on Parents Day and Homecoming, they honor the kids that died in that car accident. Brian Jr. was supposed to be in that car. Bobby doesn't need that."
Brian and Jody Ruff have made peace with their older son's fate.
They've reached out to other parents who have dealt with similar issues. Brian still owns that '71 Mustang, and sometimes on Sunday afternoons will drive it out to his son's grave to sit and think.
"You never get over it," he said. "But you get through it. And having Bobby around through it all has been a blessing."
Brian Ruff will remain a Citadel legend and supporter. But for the next four years, he and Jody will make their Saturday tailgate plans at CSU Stadium.
And Bobby will find some new brothers.
"I don't have a brother anymore," he said. "But when I play football, I have 90 brothers."
Follow Jeff Hartsell on Twitter @jeff_fromthepc
Bobby Ruff (left) with his older brother, Brian Ruff Jr.×
Bobby Ruff, linebacker at West Ashley, and his father, Brian Ruff, on the football field Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2013 at West Ashley High School. Paul Zoeller/Staff×
West Ashley High School linebacker Bobby Ruff acts in the school play.×
West Ashley lineabcker Bobby Ruff (2) will be heading to Charleston Southern next fall.×


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Are you a professional Bartender? Submit your original version of the famous drink Tia Espresso Martini and win great prizes!
Fill in the registration form with your personal data, upload the recipe of your unique Tia Maria drink, give it a creative name and reveal us your talent.
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How to Unlock the Performance of Your Multithreaded Applications
By RickRamsey-Oracle on Mar 15, 2012
Does the memory allocation of your multi-threaded application look like this?
That's probably because you're using a memory allocator designed for single-thread, single-CPU applications. Those memory allocators use
malloc() and
free() to reserve a portion of memory for your application, and then release it.
That type of memory allocator can continue to work in an application that ventures timidly into the possibilities of a multi-core, multithread-capable system. However, as the thread count begins to increase, different threads will start to request access to memory at the same time, and the traditional memory allocator won't be able to keep up.
Article: How Memory Allocation Affects Performance in Multithreaded Applications
Rick Weisner explains how memory allocation has evolved over the years, then shows you how to recognize a performance deficiency in your multithreaded application. Then he describes how to use three MT-aware memory allocators to take advantage of the performance promises of multi-core systems:
mtmemlockshipped with Oracle Solaris
libumemshipped with Oracle Solaris
- the
hoardallocator, publicly available
Stop the madness. Read Rick Weisner's article.- Rick (Ramsey)


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Beckman Meijer Overdrive
- 3 parts
One of the truly great things about Brian Beckman and Erik Meijer is their natural ability to explain complex subject matter in ways normal people can readily understand, all while engaging and entertaining us. Each month, Brian and Erik will get together to make music in the form of conversational (and improvisational) jazz. Tune in and learn something new from two programming legends and true iconoclasts. Guaranteed to put your mind into overdrive.
- In Order
- Recent
- Most Viewed
- Top Rated


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Heritage Fork
This item is currently not available.
Additional Information
Exclusive | Hardworking Garden Fork Features Old World Craftsmanship
- Heritage garden fork inspired by classic antique tools
- Solid oak D-grip handle and durable carbon steel blade
- Compact size is perfect for working in tight spaces
The classic design and quality workmanship of this garden fork makes it a joy to give or receive. The tines are made from carbon steel; the handle is made from oak and features a comfortable D-shaped grip.
Product Details
- Carbon steel, oak
- 39-1/2" L overall
- Fork is 7-1/2" W with 10-1/2" tines
- Handle opening is 4" W x 7" L
- Gardener's Supply Exclusive
There are no special shipping restrictions or charges associated with this item. For detailed information about our delivery methods and charges, click here.
We're proud of the fact that this item is shipped to you directly from our warehouse in Vermont, by one of our 250 employee-owners. In-stock items are packed with care and shipped within the next business day to ensure prompt delivery to your home and garden!


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From coreboot
Build tutorials and status pages
- See Category:Tutorials for the full list of build tutorials / status pages for supported boards. Note that not all boards have such a page, yet.
coreboot v4
- LinuxBIOS on AMD64 (PDF)
- ACPI in coreboot
- Anatomy of a Failover coreboot v2 Image (obsolete since CBFS)
- Abuild
- AMD Geode Porting Guide
- Nvidia CK804 Porting Notes
- The EPIA-M/MII
coreboot v3 (obsolete)
coreboot v1 (obsolete)
Other documentation
- Datasheets
- Creating Valid IRQ Tables
- JTAG/BSDL Guide
- VGA support
- X11 on EPIA-M
- Configuration tool manual (from freebios/Documentation/configmanual.ps)
- Project Book, Mangrove LinuxBios from Mathieu Deschamps
- coreboot glossary and a list of datasheets for each topic
- The USB EHCI Debug Port may be the easiest way to do early debugging without a legacy serial port.
- Christer Weinigel: Doing Linux programming close to the hardware (PDF)
- Doxygen generated build documentation
- Some documentation on "piggybacking" using PLCC chips: 1, 2, 3.
- Support Tools
- Booting Windows using coreboot
- Booting FreeBSD using coreboot
- Initramfs
- Artecgroup programmable LPC dongle
- Soldering a socket on your board
- Section overlaps
- Confirmed working svn revisions
- Distributed and Automated Testsystem
- Ideas
- Debugging
- Laptop
- Desktops
- Misc
- Infrastructure Projects
- Random explanations
- Early SMP startup
- Serial console
- Security
- Boot Speed
- Reverse Engineering PCI Drivers
- Easy projects (Interesting and easy tasks)
- Breaking the Chains -- Using LinuxBIOS to Liberate Embedded x86 Processors, Jordan H. Crouse, Marc E. Jones, Ronald G. Minnich.
- Proceedings of the Linux Symposium, June 27th-30th, 2007, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. [ pdf | pdf (local copy) ]
- LinuxBIOS - Freedom for your motherboard, Alan Carvalho de Assis
- FISL 8.0 (8th Forum Internacional de Software Livre). [ pdf ]
- FSF is moving towards LinuxBIOS deployment (Russian article), Anton Borisov
- SAMAG, 02-2006 (http://www.samag.ru). [ pdf | alternative PDF ]
- FreeVGA: Architecture Independent Video Graphics Initialization for LinuxBIOS, Li-Ta Lo, Gregory R. Watson, Ronald G. Minnich
- LinuxBIOS at Four, Ronald G. Minnich
- Linux Journal
- Flexibility in ROM: A Stackable Open Source BIOS, Adam Agnew, Adam Sulmicki, Ronald Minnich, William Arbaugh
- USENIX 2003 Annual Technical Conference, FREENIX Track, [ HTML ]
- Supermon: High performance monitoring for Linux clusters, Ron Minnich, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Karen Reid, University of Toronto
- The Fifth Annual Linux Showcase and Conference, Oakland, CA, November 5-10 2001, [ ps ]
- LOBOS and LinuxBIOS, Cluster Research Brochure
- Prepared for SC 2000, November 4-10 2000, [ pdf ]
- The Linux BIOS, Ron Minnich, James Hendricks, and Dale Webster, Los Alamos National Laboratory
- The Fourth Annual Linux Showcase and Conference, Atlanta, GA, October 4-11 2000, [ pdf | ps ]
- LOBOS (Linux OS Boots Linux OS): Booting a Kernel in 32-bit Mode, Ron Minnich, Los Alamos National Laboratory
- The Fourth Annual Linux Showcase and Conference, Atlanta, GA, October 4-11 2000, [ pdf | ps ]
- Putting Linux on your motherboard, Antony Stone
- Linux Magazine, March, 2003, Pg. 76, [ pdf ]
- Look Ma, No Bios, Oleg Goldshmidt
- IBM Haifa Research Laboratory, July 2006, Oleg's talks, [ html | html.zip | ppt.zip | pdf ]
- A Framework for Using Processor Cache as RAM (CAR), Eswaramoorthi Nallusamy
These books do not address LinuxBIOS specifically but provide background information useful for BIOS-level programming on PC hardware.
- PCI System Architecture
- HyperTransport System Architecture
- AMD K8 Processor Architecture (white paper/book excerpt)


text:
Quality CareFind out why Mayo Clinic is the right place for your health care. Make an appointment.
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Mayo Clinic offers appointments in Arizona, Florida and Minnesota and at Mayo Clinic Health System locations.
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Our general interest e-newsletter keeps you up to date on a wide variety of health topics.
Your baby's skull has seven bones. Normally, these bones don't fuse until around age 2, giving your baby's brain time to grow. Joints called cranial sutures, made of strong, fibrous tissue, hold these bones together. In the front of your baby's skull, the sutures intersect in the large soft spot (fontanel) on the top of your baby's head. Normally, the sutures remain flexible until the bones fuse.
Signs of craniosynostosis include:
The signs of craniosynostosis may not be noticeable at birth, but they become apparent during the first few months of your baby's life.
There are many different types of craniosynostosis. The term given to each type depends on what sutures are affected. Some of the most common types of craniosynostosis are:
Two less common types of craniosynostosis are:
Misshapen head may not mean craniosynostosis
A misshapen head doesn't always indicate craniosynostosis. For example, if the back of your baby's head appears flattened, it could be the result of birth trauma or your baby's spending too much time on his or her back. This condition is sometimes treated with a custom-fit helmet that helps mold your baby's head back into a normal position.
Contact your pediatrician if you think your baby's head isn't growing as it should or if it has an unusual shape.
Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission.
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Billie Joe & Norah - Long Time Gone - [Official Lyric Video]
Filed under:2
I like it very much. May be
I like it very much, I love the country! May be in the future could think about making a Green day's single or some material ft 30seconds to mars. That would be nice! :D Think about that
well,it's just looking like
well,it's just looking like one of the weird but great projects in the whole history of music like GREEN DAY featuring Linkin Park will be!!!


text:
Possible Substitutions
Regularly Purchased Together
Browse Master Airscrew
Factory Balanced 3-Bladed Props have NACA airfoils and hold a
true pitch.
They have been accurately balanced and create a greater thrust
at a lower RPM.
This particular prop is glass-filled nylon as opposed to a wooden
One 10x7 glass-filled nylon 3-bladed propeller
Diameter: 10"
Pitch: 7
The general rule for converting a 2 blade prop to a 3 blade is
subtract 1" from Diameter OR subtract 1 from the Pitch.
PER MASTER AIRSCREW: All 3- and 4- blades props are balanced
dynamically at the factory prior to drilling. The mounting holes
are then drilled slightly off center, if required, to properly
balance the propeller. As such, your mounting hole may be slightly
off center. Master Airscrew assures us this is perfectly normal
and will not cause any problems during usage.


text:
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Select Patient Advocate, Kevin Readdean as the subject line.
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