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Arts & Sciences | Business | Education | Nursing | International Travel/Study | ROTC
Westminster's instructional programs are characterized by an experienced and available faculty and staff; liberal arts, interdisciplinary and professional programs emphasizing both theoretical and practical learning; an administration committed to academic excellence; a genuine concern for each student's plans and aspirations; small classes that encourage involvement and active learning; and a diverse and friendly student body.
The college welcomes students from all backgrounds and ages, and believes that the knowledge and discipline acquired through the rigors of higher education will lead to new and expanded opportunities.
The college's instructional programs are organized and administered through four schools: the School of Arts and Sciences; the Bill and Vieve Gore School of Business; the School of Education; and the School of Nursing and Health Sciences. Students choose majors in schools that will best assist them in achieving their academic goals and career interests, and they take courses through the other schools to ensure a balance in their academic endeavors. Close working relationships among the faculty in all four schools are of utmost importance to the college in assisting its students.
Each school is directed by a dean and has its own faculty. Instructional programs and procedures are recommended by the faculty members of each school and approved by the entire college faculty. The four academic deans and the provost and vice president for academic affairs constitute a Council of Deans who are responsible for the day-to-day administration of the instructional programs.
Westminster's academic calendar is divided into Fall and Spring semesters, followed by a four-week May Term and the annual commencement exercise. One eight-week undergraduate summer term is also offered.
During May Term, undergraduate students concentrate on one or two offerings in a more time-intensive experience than would occur during the rest of the academic year. Some of the May Term courses are offered abroad, with past May Term study experiences including Mexico, Africa, Asia, Australia, France, England, China, Greece and Italy.
The instructional programs and faculty of Westminster's four schools, as well as the independent ROTC programs, are listed and described on the following pages. Courses listed are subject to change following normal academic procedures that call for action by each school and by the entire college faculty. Additions, deletions, or changes effected since the publication of this academic catalog are on file in the Office of the Registrar.
Lisa Gentile, Dean
Scott Gust, Associate Dean
Lance Newman, Associate Dean
The School of Arts and Sciences is the largest and most diverse of the four schools at Westminster.
Programs range from the traditional arts and sciences to professional offerings such as communication and computer science. Most of the college's liberal education courses are offered through the School of Arts and Sciences.
The School of Arts and Sciences encompasses the instructional offerings listed below:
|Film Studies
|Art and Fine Arts
|Arts Administration
|Gender Studies
|Political Studies
|Honors Program
|Computer Information Systems
|Justice Studies
|Religious Studies
|Computer Science
|Engineering 3–2
|Theatre Arts
|Environmental Studies
See individual programs in Arts and Sciences to determine whether a B.A., B.S., or B.F.A. degree isconferred.
(See Graduate Academic Catalog for detailed information on graduate programs.)
The Westminster Master of Professional Communication (MPC) program is designed to help individuals enhance their communication skills and develop expertise in a specialized communication field.
The Master of Professional Communication (MPC) program and the related Communication Certificates are designed to prepare writers and communication experts for positions in business, industry, government, or any other organization where communication skills are essential. MPC classes are held during evenings and on weekends, and students may enroll in as many or as few courses as scheduling allows.
The Master of Strategic Communication (MSC) program is a low-residency, project-based program in which students complete a series of applied communication projects in order to build and demonstrate mastery of the essential knowledge and abilities required to lead in the area of strategic communication. Students attend two-day residencies in Salt Lake City, Utah at the beginning of each semester and then work directly and individually with faculty members and with each other to build and demonstrate expertise. The highly personalized approach to education is a hallmark of Westminster College and is an important part of building leaders in the communication field.
The program design is specifically built to accommodate the learning styles and life commitments of employed professionals: program learning resources are available to students anytime, anywhere, to ensure the the program fits into the busy lives of today's communication professionals.
The Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling is a graduate program that prepares students for clinical practice and potential licensure as a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (L.C.M.H.C). This 3 year program requires 60 hours of graduate work, following guidelines established by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs and the Utah Division of Occupational and Professional Licensing. Broad in scope, its focus and course work support a range of theoretical perspectives and potential practice with diverse treatment populations.
The Master of Strategic Communication (MSC) degree is a five-semester, low-residency graduate degree program designed to build and refine leaders in the communications industry. The program focuses on developing a thorough understanding of the creative process along with a keen strategic sense. Students develop messaging across a variety of communication platforms, direct research related to audiences and organizations, manage and inspire creative resources, interface with clients at all levels, and orchestrate all these functions to maximize effectiveness.
Deyanira Ariza-Velasco, Associate Professor (Spanish)
Brian Avery, Associate Professor (Biology/Neuroscience)
David Baddley, Associate Professor (Art)
Richard Badenhausen, Kim Adamson Chair; Professor (Honors)
Bonnie Baxter, Professor (Biology)
Laura Bennett Murphy, Professor (Psychology)
Frank Black, Assistant Professor (Chemistry)
Karlyn Bond, Associate Professor (Music)
Bradford (Bill) Bynum, Associate Professor (Mathematics)
Dan Byrne, Associate Professor (Computer Science)
Mary Jane Chase, Associate Professor (History)
Michael Chipman, Assistant Professor (Music)
Seong-In Choi, Assistant Professor (Psychology)
Christine Clay, Associate Professor (Environmental Biology)
Christopher Cline, Associate Professor (Physics)
Carolyn Connell, Professor (Mathematics)
Peter Conwell, Associate Professor, (Physics)
Russell Costa, Assistant Professor (Honors/Neuroscience)
Jonas D'Andrea, Assistant Professor (Mathematics)
Alan Davison, Professor (Spanish)
Sean Desilets, Assistant Professor (English, Film Studies)
William Deutschman, Associate Professor (Chemistry)
Georgiana Donavin, Professor (English)
David Dynak, Beverley Taylor Sorenson Endowed Professor (Arts Education)
Lesa Ellis, Associate Professor (Psychology/Neuroscience)
Katherine Evans, Assistant Professor (English)
Gregory Gagne, Associate Professor (Computer Science)
Peter Goldman, Professor (English)
David Goldsmith, Professor (Geology)
Scott Gust, Associate Professor (Speech)
Elree Harris, Professor (English)
Stephen Haslam, Assistant Professor (French)
James Hedges, Assistant Professor (Speech/Communication)
Leonardo Figueroa Helland, Assistant Professor (Political Science)
Elizabeth Herrick, Assistant Professor (Mathematics)
Angela Hicks, Associate Professor (Psychology)
Helen Hodgson, Professor (Communication)
Paul Hooker, Professor (Chemistry)
Helen Hu, Associate Professor, (Computer Science)
Robyn Hyde, Associate Professor (Chemistry)
Betsy Kleba, Assistant Professor (Biology)
Matthew Kruback, Assistant Professor (Art)
Jared Larkin, Assistant Professor (Theatre)
Christopher LeCluyse, Associate Professor (English)
Gary Marquardt, Associate Professor (History)
Jeffrey McCarthy, Professor (English)
Nicholas More, Professor (Philosophy)
Fatima Mujcinovic, Professor (English)
Curtis Newbold, Assistant Professor (Communication)
Lance Newman, Professor (English)
Jeffrey Nichols, Professor (History)
Kristjane Nordmeyer, Assistant Professor (Sociology)
Brent Olson, Assistant Professor (Environmental Studies)
Giancarlo Panagia, Assistant Professor (Justice Studies)
Kristen Phillipi, Visiting Professor (Physics)
Michael Popich, Professor (Philosophy)
Luis Ignacio Prádanos-Garcia (Iñaki), Assistant Professor (Spanish)
Paul Presson, Associate Provost; Associate Professor (Psychology)
Christopher Quinn, Professor (Music)
Sean Raleigh, Assistant Professor (Mathematics)
Jennifer Ritter, Associate Professor (English as a Second Language)
Judith Rogers, Professor (Biology)
Mark Rubinfeld, Professor (Sociology)
Natasha Sajé, Director Anne Newman Sutton Weeks Poetry Series; Professor (English)
Colleen Sandor, Associate Professor (Psychology)
Christine Seifert, Associate Professor (Communication)
Tricia Shepherd, Associate Professor (Physics/Chemistry)
Gretchen Siegler, Professor (Anthropology/Sociology)
Jennifer Simonds, Associate Professor (Psychology)
Barbara Smith, Director of Learning Communities; Professor (Psychology)
Tamara Stevenson, Assistant Professor (Speech)
Christine Stracey, Assistant Professor (Biology)
Eileen Chanza Torres, Visiting Professor
Michael Vought, Professor (Theatre)
Nina Vought, Assistant Professor (Theatre)
Janine Wanlass, Professor (Psychology)
Richard Wellman, Associate Professor (Mathematics)
Janine Wittwer, Associate Professor (Mathematics)
Rulon Wood, Assistant Professor (Communication)
Kimberly Zarkin, Associate Professor (Communication)
Michael Zarkin, Associate Professor (Political Science)
Jin Wang, Dean
The Bill and Vieve Gore School of Business is dedicated to providing distinctive academic programs based on the integration of business and liberal arts education. This integration in both curriculum and delivery systems is requisite to prepare our students for life-long learning and to aid their adaptation to changing social, technological and economic conditions. This integration enhances the capabilities of our graduates in written and oral communication, computing and technology, international dimensions, critical thinking, ethics, social responsibility, and team effectiveness.
Accredited by the Association of Collegiate Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP), the programs of the Gore School of Business reflect Westminster College's continuing commitment to provide a student-oriented learning environment and innovative education of exceptional quality. The integration of business and liberal arts education contributes to students' effectiveness as citizens and agents of change. Whether students are preparing for entry-level or mid-career qualifications, the programs of the Gore School of Business offer a solid foundation of business knowledge and understanding of the complexity of organizations as they function in a global environment. Programs are offered at the undergraduate and graduate levels.
The Westminster Flight Operations program prepares you for a career as a professional pilot in the airline and corporate aviation industries. As with many professions, there are minimum qualifications that make you more attractive to potential employers. At Westminster, you will gain the flight skills, knowledge, and judgement that take you well beyond the minimum requirements set by the FAA.
The Aviation Management program at Westminster offers a balanced curriculum that combines a broad general education with a strong foundation of business and specialized courses and experiences in aviation management. The specialized aviation courses allow you to focus on your area of interest and the internship experience will allow you to get started on your desired career path. The Westminster Aviation Management program is designed to provide you flexibility in determining your specific career path, because there are so many opportunities in the aviation business field.
The Westminster College Flight Operations and Aviation Management programs are accredited by the AABI.
The school also develops and presents non-credit classes, seminars, institutes, and workshops to meet the training and professional development needs of local businesses, government and non-profit agencies, and community groups through the Division of New Learning.
|Accounting (B.A. & B.S.)
|Finance (B.A. & B.S.)
|Aviation Studies
|Financial Services (B.A. & B.S.)
|Flight Operations (B.S.)
|International Business (B.A.)
|Aviation Management (B.A. & B.S.)
|Management (B.A. & B.S.)
|Marketing (B.A. & B.S.)
|Business Minor
|Bachelor of Business
|Administration (BBA)
|Economics Option (B.A.)
|Business Option (B.S.)
|Pre-Law Option (B.A.)
*See also the interdisciplinary programs Computer Information Systems and Arts Administration in the Arts and Sciences section.
All programs within the Bill and Vieve Gore School of Business are accredited by ACBSP with the exception of the B.A. Economics program; and the Flight Operations major of the Aviation Studies program, which is accredited by the Aviation Accreditation Board International (AABI).
(See Graduate Academic Catalog for detailed information on graduate programs.)
The Master of Accountancy is designed to meet the needs of students interested in a professional career in accounting. This program is unique in the sense that it recognizes the highly integrated relationship between the disciplines of accounting and information systems which has evolved in the recent past. Students completing this program will be well prepared to sit for the CPA exam and positioned to accept high-level leadership roles in either public accounting or corporate environments.
The Master of Business Administration is a professional program that prepares students for executive decision making in dynamic business environments. It will teach students how to achieve their career goals by building professional and personal skill sets. Students can customize the program to strengthen career-specific abilities. The program emphasizes the practical and applied aspects of business.
The Master of Business Administration in Technology Management is a professional program that prepares students for executive leadership roles in technology-driven business environments. Specifically designed to meet the needs of professionals with technical backgrounds, it will teach students how to achieve their career goals by building their professional and personal skill sets. Students can customize the program to strengthen career-specific abilities. The program emphasizes the practical and applied aspects of commercializing innovative products and managing the businesses that develop them.
Students who have completed an undergraduate business program within five years at Westminster College in Accounting, Aviation Management, Business, B.S. in Economics, Information Resource Management, or International Business may have the option, based on admission to the MBA program, of completing an accelerated Master of Business Administration degree. A minimum of 36 graduate semester hours are required to complete the program to earn the Master of Business Administration degree. Individuals who graduated with any of the above-listed degrees five years ago or longer may be required to complete foundational preparation in addition to completing the 36 semester hours of graduate core and elective coursework.
The Project-Based Master of Business Administration (PMBA) Program at Westminster College is a project-based degree completion program. Students complete a series of practical business projects to demonstrate mastery of a specific set of business skills and competencies. Students apply skills achieved through professional experiences and additional self-paced learning in project sequences. As students complete projects, their work is evaluated by faculty coaches using detailed learning measurement rubrics. Upon satisfactory completion of the full set of projects, students have demonstrated mastery of the full set of learning goals and competencies and are awarded a PMBA degree.
Certificates allow students to update their graduate degrees or pursue a specific field of study with a focused curriculum. The certificates offered are:
Accounting Finance International Business
Business Economics Financial Planning Marketing
Shannon Bellamy, Associate Professor (Management)
Gaylen Bunker, Associate Professor (Accounting and Finance)
Richard Chapman, Professor (Economics)
Richard Collins, Professor (Economics and Finance)
Gerald R. Fairbairn, Professor (Aviation)
Jennifer Harrison, Assistant Professor, (Accounting)
Robert J. Haworth, Instructor (Management)
Richard Henage, Associate Professor (Accounting)
Dara A. Hoffa, Associate Professor (Accounting)
Stephen S. Hurlbut, Assistant Professor (Management)
Brian Jorgensen, Associate Professor (Marketing)
Michael A. Keene, Assistant Professor (Technology Management)
Melissa M. Koerner, Associate Professor (Management)
Aric W. Krause, Dean, Division of New Learning; Associate Professor (Economics)
Lauren Lo Re, Assistant Professor (Finance)
Michael Mamo, Assistant Professor (Economics)
Ronald M. Mano, Professor (Accounting)
Kenneth Meland, Professor (Management)
Alysse Morton, Professor (Management)
Linda Muir, Associate Director of the Institute for New Enterprise; Instructor
William Ogilvie, Instructor (Aviation)
Richard Parsons, Instructor (Accounting, Finance)
Robert Patterson, Associate Professor (Finance)
Alan Rogers, Professor (Accounting)
Donald R. Saxon, Assistant Professor (Accounting and Financial Services)
Nancy Panos Schmitt, Associate Professor (Marketing)
James E. Seidelman, Provost & Vice President for Academic Affairs; Professor (Economics)
Michael JD Sutton, Associate Professor (Management)
Christopher S.P. Tong, Professor (Economics)
Jerry Van Os, Professor (Accounting)
Jin Wang, Dean, Bill and Vieve Gore School of Business; Professor (Economics)
John P. Watkins, Professor (Economics)
Vicki R. Whiting, Professor (Management)
Maria Wrotniak, Professor (Economics)
Robert Shaw, Dean
The Teacher Education Programs are accredited by the Teacher Education Accreditation Council. Successful completion of the Bachelor of Arts in Elementary Education or Special Education; or completion of requirements for Secondary Licensure leads to satisfaction of the requirement for the Utah Level I Teaching License.
The School offers Bachelor of Arts degrees in Elementary Education and Special Education, as well as preparation for Secondary Teaching Licensure, to accompany a variety of teaching minors.
The college offers programs that lead to a state endorsement in Special Education of students with severe or mild to moderate disabilities, and English as a Second Language instruction. Students may enroll in these programs for an endorsement-only undergraduate minor or as part of the Master of Education (MED) or Master of Arts in Teaching programs.
(See Graduate Academic Catalog for detailed information on graduate programs.)
The Master of Education Program has an instructional focus and is offered for licensed teachers in a public or private school or those who teach adults. Students may earn an endorsement in Reading (Basic or Advanced), English as a Second Language, Special Education, or Distance Learning, or an Adult Learning Certificate. Students may complete the portfolio for the National Board of Professional Teacher Standards as a part of any of the MED program options. Students may also earn a Montessori Teaching Certificate as part of the M.Ed. program or as a non-degree credential program with no college credit. The Montessori teacher education program is accredited by the Montessori Accreditation Council on Teacher Education (MACTE).
The Master of Arts in Community Leadership program is designed to prepare students for leadership roles in non-profit and community organizations. The program prepares graduates in three key areas: management and leadership, community organizing and advocacy, and communications.
The Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT) program is designed for students who have a bachelor's degree and wish to earn a teaching license in elementary education, secondary education, or special education. The MAT program is accredited by the Teacher Education Accreditation Council. This program is specifically designed to prepare teacher candidates to serve the diverse populations of students in culturally rich schools. Individuals must be interested in pursuing an advanced degree that is demanding in its focus upon teacher preparation; in exploring issues of cultural diversity; in learning applications of technology for teaching; and in research into their own professional practices. Commitment to professional growth is a prerequisite.
The college offers programs that lead to a state endorsement in Basic Reading, Advanced Reading, Distance Learning, Special Education of students with mild to moderate disabilities, Special Education of students with severe disabilities, and English as a Second Language instruction. Students may enroll in these programs for an endorsement-only undergraduate minor or as part of the Master of Education or Master of Arts in Teaching programs.
Heather Batchelor, Assistant Professor, Director of Secondary MAT program
Margaret (Peggy) Cain, Professor, Director of MED and MACL Programs
Timothy Carr, Assistant Professor, Director of Elementary MAT program
Marilee Coles-Ritchie, Associate Professor
Janet Dynak, Professor
Peter Ingle, Associate Professor
Jamie Joanou, Assistant Professor
Kristi Jones, Associate Professor
Sharlene Kiuhara, Assistant Professor
Shamby Polychronis, Assistant Professor, Director of Special Education programs
Lorel Preston, Professor
Robert Shaw, Associate Professor
Joyce Sibbett, Associate Professor
Heidi Van Ert, Professor
Sheryl Steadman, Dean
The Westminster School of Nursing and Health Sciences offers programs leading to the Baccalaureate and Master's degrees in nursing, public health, and nurse anesthesia. The undergraduate program prepares students to begin practice as professional nurse generalists. The program is designed for all qualified applicants including high school graduates, transfer students, and those with degrees in other fields.
The Baccalaureate Nursing program prepares students to practice as professional nurses. The curriculum provides students with various clinical experiences to enhance their learning. Graduates of the program are prepared to take the national licensing examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN). In addition, our program is fully accredited by the Commission of Collegiate Nursing Education.
Human Performance and Wellness courses include traditional strength training classes to innovative mind-body-spirit offerings in outdoor recreation and leadership opportunities, nutrition, athletic training, and preparation for certification in personal training and group exercise.
The Westminster College Bachelor of Science in Public Health Degree addresses the health of communities and populations through instruction, service and research. The program builds on Westminster College's excellence in liberal arts education by emphasizing the role the humanities and social sciences have in public health, and then adding a commitment to scientific and quantitative sciences in addressing public health problems. Students who graduate with this degree will be able to utilize these tools to address public health issues with a scientifically sound methodology while remaining holistic, community-oriented and globally conscious.
(See Graduate Academic Catalog for detailed information on graduate programs.)
The Family Nurse Practitioner Program offers working professional nurses the opportunity to become licensed and certified as Advanced Practice Registered Nurses with prescriptive privileges. To accommodate working nurses, classes are scheduled one to two days per week. Clinical assignments are one day per week based on the availability of the assigned preceptor. Graduates of the program are eligible to take the American Nurse Credential Center (ANCC) or the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (AAPN) certification exam and apply for Utah licensure as Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRN). In addition, our program is fully accredited by the Commission of Collegiate Nursing Education.
The Nurse Educator Program educates practicing nurses to teach professional nursing. This curriculum-based program prepares nurses to be more effective nurse educators in a clinical, college or university setting within the teaching-coaching domains of practice.
The Nurse Anesthesia Program provides an academic environment which offers the highest level of didactic, lab simulation and clinical site experiences. The MSNA program allows nurse anesthesia students to master the intellectual and technical skills required to become competent in the safe administration of anesthesia. Graduates are prepared to sit for the NBCRNA examination. The Master of Science in Nurse Anesthesia (MSNA) program is accredited by the Council on Accreditation for Nurse Anesthesia Programs.
The Public Health Program lays a solid foundation for public health practice in the twenty-first century. The program focuses on developing knowledge and skills needed to be an effective member of the public health workforce. The program offers a Master of Public Health (MPH) degree and a Certificate in Public Health (Cert.PH) that are taught in an executive format, meaning core courses will be offered every two weeks on a Friday and Saturday during the semester. Additional courses may be offered in the evening.
The MPH degree is recognized internationally for the public health professional. The Master of Public Health program is accreditated by the Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH).
Julie Balk, Associate Professor
Diane Forster-Burke, Professor
John Contreras, Assistant Professor
Carol Jeffers, Associate Professor
Han Kim, Associate Professor
Ronda Lucey, Associate Professor
Gail Nelson, Assistant Professor
Robert Nicholes, Associate Professor
Cordelia Schaffer, Assistant Professor
Sheryl Steadman, Assistant Professor
James Stimpson, Associate Professor
Christina Sullivan, Assistant Professor
Jennifer Stock, Associate Professor
Sheri Tesseyman, Associate Professor
Christopher Torman, Assistant Professor
Diane Van Os, Professor
Donna Wahoff-Stice, Assistant Professor
George L. White Jr., Professor
Stephanie Zimmer, Assistant Professor
Westminster College offers three main options to study, travel, or serve internationally. Most students take advantage of the May Term trips that faculty lead each year. Space is limited, so look for information about the options for the upcoming May Term as early as November. A few students complete internship overseas. Please contact the Career Resource Center if you are interested in an international internship. Finally, a number of students spend an entire semester studying abroad. The Diversity and International Center counsels and assists interested students and has the paperwork needed to ensure the credits (and sometimes financial aid) will transfer. These forms must be completed before one leaves on any international experience.
Westminster College is also a member of the Utah Asian Studies Consortium. This consortium consists of all the universities and colleges in Utah, and it exists to promote connections between faculty and students in Utah and businesses and schools in Asia. The consortium offers May Term trips, internships, semester study abroad programs, and other opportunities in several Asian countries for Westminster students. Scholarships are available (through the consortium) for most of these activities. Please see Assistant Professor Steve Hurlbut in the Gore School of Business for more information.
Westminster offers students an opportunity to participate in the ROTC programs of the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Army, and the U.S. Navy through cooperative programs at the University of Utah.
ROTC programs offered through Westminster College appear as a complete unit in the listing of instructional programs. Students are advised to contact the personnel listed under the appropriate military program for detailed information.


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The Montreal Protocol is an international environment treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of a number of substances believed to be responsible for ozone depletion.
Since 1989, a time table establishes the different phase-outs; for example, it has been agreed to initially phase-out hydro-chlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) - a chemical compound containing hydrogen - by 2015, with a final phase-out by 2030.
In its daily work, UNIDO focuses on cost-effective ways to reduce ozone-depleting substances (ODS) such as freons, halons and chlorofluorocarbons (CFC), in the areas of refrigeration, plastic foams, halons, solvents, fumigants and aerosol.
"Once governments of developing countries identify companies that require assistance in eliminating ODS from their production cycle," says S.M. Si Ahmed, the Director of UNIDO's Montreal Protocol branch, "they then approach UNIDO to find solutions that lead to the introduction of more advanced technological processes, in line with international standards."
Helping farmers in Morocco compete on the EU market
Mounir Miku is a tomato farmer in Agadir, Morocco. He and other fellow growers have traditionally used a pesticide called methyl bromide for their tomato crops. Recently, they were informed that methyl bromide is known to deplete the ozone layer and that the Montreal Protocol demands the phase out and ban of methyl bromide by 2015.
At the same time, Mounir was informed that the European Union (EU) - traditionally one of the largest export markets for food products from Morocco - banned the use of methyl bromide as of March 2010. The farmers therefore urgently needed an alternative to methyl bromide that would allow them to continue growing and exporting their tomatoes.
As an implementing agency of the Montreal Protocol agreement, UNIDO stepped in to help provide the needed support to make the necessary changes and find alternatives.
With UNIDO's help, Mounir was able to change to an eco-labeled ozone free pesticide.
"The fact that we managed to swiftly find alternatives was very important for the farmers. Our exports are now safe," said Mounir.
UNIDO's Montreal Protocol branch director, Si Ahmed, says that to date, more than 20 developing countries have benefited from the Organization's expertise in developing and implementing methyl bromide demonstration and phase-out projects.
"UNIDO has also trained more than 150,000 farmers in different countries in the use of non-chemical alternatives to methyl-bromide. We have established training centres to assist farmers to adhere to new ozone friendly technologies. Alternatives presented are solar treatments, bio fumigation and steam," says Si Ahmed.
Developing countries that requested UNIDO's assistance are now in full compliance with their Montreal Protocol obligations.
"For many companies in developing countries, the quality of baseline equipment is often very poor. UNIDO staff help companies acquire new technologies and also look at safety issues and maintenance," explains Si Ahmed.
"Nowadays it is necessary to have certification and eco-labeling. We help the local companies understand the new environmentally friendly technologies and products and provide them with the tools so they can export," says Si Ahmed.
Chinese companies upgrade refrigeration production to world standards to protect environment
Traditional refrigeration and air conditioning appliances are also causing environmental problems due to the refrigerants they use, including the chemical substance CFC. The refrigerants can leak from the refrigerators, damaging the earth's ozone layer.
With the technical support of UNIDO, Zhejiang Huari Industry Investment Co., Ltd. in the Hangzhen region of China, which manufactures refrigerators, now uses hydrocarbon technology, an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Aside from the refrigerant, the traditional foam used for thermal insulation in refrigerators also contains CFC. Today, the company uses cyclopentane to replace it, which is CFC free.
Another example is the Jiaxipera Company in Jiaxin, China, which employs some 1000 people in the production of six different compressor models used in domestic refrigeration. Compressors are primary components of refrigerators that drive the process of heat removal.
Although they do not contain the ozone depleting substance CFC themselves, the conversion of compressor manufacturers was an essential component of the phase-out of CFC used in refrigerators.
This is why Jiaxipera requested UNIDO's assistance in redesigning its compressor products to accommodate the replacement of the CFC. The resulting products met the customer requirements and international standards and the company has increased its production from 600,000 compressors in 1996 to over 4 million units last year.
Developing ozone-friendly inhalers in Mexico
For many years the technology to replace the CFC in the production of metered-dose inhalers was not available, even in the most advanced countries. Due to the deadline of the phase out, this became an issue of survival for many small companies, including Laboratorious Silus, a small company in Mexico.
Relevant technologies were available, but pharmaceutical companies were not ready to share the technology for free. UNIDO decided to interact with the valve producers instead, because the valve of the metered-dose inhaler is one of the main components when a user inhales the product into the lungs.
An agreement was reached with a valve producer for a testing period. It was a challenge to make it all come together, but eventually, the production of new valves, which fit the new CFC-free blowing agent, was underway. The methodology is now used by companies manufacturing inhalers in China, Egypt and Iran, for example.
For the year 2009, UNIDO was ranked first by the Multilateral Fund (MLF) among implementing agencies (others include UNDP, UNEP, and the World Bank) for the Montreal Protocol.
Overall, the Montreal Protocol has offered invaluable lessons for policymakers, multilateral bodies and industry, with the technical assistance inputs from UNIDO. This year, this "green" alliance will be in even more demand, as 2010 marks the worldwide phase-out of ODS.
Watch a video about the implementation of the Montreal Protocol in China
Posted, July 2010
For general information on the Montreal Protocol branch, please contact UNIDO Director: S.M. Si Ahmed

subset: commoncrawl


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Found this story on the BBC website this morning, and thought you guys might find it interesting, as it is bound to apply to figure skating as well as to ballet.
Ballet dancers develop differences in their brain structures to allow them to perform pirouettes without feeling dizzy, a study has found.
A team from Imperial College London said dancers appear to suppress signals from the inner ear to the brain.
And to hear the actual interview that the BBC did with the neurologist who led the research (Dr Barry Seemungal) and a former principal dancer with the Royal Ballet (Deborah Bull), you can (hopefully!) listen on this page (I don't think it is geo-blocked):
Why don't ballet dancers get dizzy when pirouetting?
Looking forward to hearing your thoughts on this research.


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Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
For the third year running, I go through the various prospect lists. I've also started compiling them at Wiklifield.
Five-Star Prospects
1. Josh Vitters, 3B
Four-Star Prospects
2. Jeff Samardzjia,RHP
3. Jose Ceda, RHP
Three-Star Prospects
4. Hak-Ju Lee, SS
5. Andrew Cashner, RHP
6. Tyler Colvin, OF
7. Dae-Eun Rhee, RHP
8. Ryan Flaherty, SS
Two-Star Prospects
9. Welington Castilo, C
10. Donald Veal, LHP
11. Micah Hoffpauir, 1B
Just Missing: Matt Cerda, INF; Jay Jackson, RHP; Logan Watkins, INF
Sleeper: Kyler Burke
What They Say: The Cubs are a very tough team to rank. That said, the top three prospects on my initial snapshot never moved, and you see them exactly where they started. Everything after that is a bit of a mess however, as one could jumble up the players ranked fourth through eleventh in any order and make some kind of reasonable argument for all.
- Josh Vitters
- Jeff Samardzija
- Andrew Cashner
- Dae-Eun Rhee
- Welington Castillo
- Kevin Hart
- Starlin Castro
- Ryan Flaherty
- Jay Jackson
- Hak-Ju Lee
Best Hitter for Average - Josh Vitters
Best Power Hitter - Josh Vitters
Best Strike-Zone Discipline - Sam Fuld
Fastest Baserunner - Tony Campana
Best Athlete - Brandon Guyer
Best Fastball - Jeff Samardzija
Best Curveball - Casey Lambert
Best Slider - Andrew Cashner
Best Changeup - Dae-Eun Rhee
Best Control - Esmailin Caridad
Best Defensive Catcher - Luis Flores
Best Defensive Infielder - Darwin Barney
Best Infield Arm - Junior Lake
Best Defensive Outfielder - Sam Fuld
Best Outfield Arm - Kyler Burke
What They Say: Promotions and trades have contributed to thinning out the system, and so have a series of uninspiring drafts. Chicago hasn't gotten long-term production out of a first-round pick since Kerry Wood in 1995.
Soto, an 11th-round pick in 2001, was the first position player the Cubs have signed and developed into an all-star since they drafted Joe Girardi in 1986.
- Josh Vitters (B+)
- Jeff Samardzija (B)
- Ryan Flaherty (B)
- Andrew Cashner (B-)
- Hak-Ju Lee (B-)
- Jay Jackson (B-)
- Tyler Colvin (C+)
- Welington Castillo (C+)
- Dae-Eun Rhee (C+)
- Aaron Shafer (C+)
- Starlin Castro (C+)
- Junior Lake (C+)
- Dan McDaniel (C+)
- Micah Hoffpauir (C)
- Esmailin Caridad (C)
- Donald Veal (C)
- Josh Kroeger (C)
- Tony Thomas (C)
- Chris Carpenter (C)
- Mitch Atkins (C)
Others include Darwin Barney, Justin
Bristow, Matt Cerda, Hung-Wen Chen, Dumas Garcia, Brandon Guyer, Josh
Harrison, Dylan Johnston, Casey Lambert, Alex Maestri, Jovan Rosa, Drew
Rundle, Marquez Smith, Logan Watkins, and Ty Wright. Most of these guys
could rank anywhere from 14-20 depending on what you are looking for.
What They Say: The Cubs system
has thinned out, and there is no one with impact hitting potential at
the higher levels. Guys like Vitters, Flaherty, and the AZL tools guys
give hope that that could change in the future. Samardzija is
completely unpredictable, he could be the second coming of Bobby Jenks
or he could totally flame out. It wouldn't' surprise me if Cashner
ended up the same way, alternating good and bad runs and leaving
everyone scratching their heads.
- Josh Vitters
- Jeff Samardzija
- Andrew Cashner
- Welington Castillo
- Jay Jackson
- Ryan Flaherty
- Mitch Atkins
- Tyler Colvin
- Kevin Hart
- Micah Hoffpauir
- Esmailin Caridad
- Brandon Guyer
- Marcos Mateo
- Jovan Rosa
- James Russell
- Dan McDaniel
- Chris Carpenter
- Aaron Shafer
- Ryan Acosta
- Matt Cerda
What They Say: The numbers above can be downplayed because of
how dominant Cashner was in the Florida State League postseason with
Class High-A Daytona. He was described by one scout as "lights out,"
tossing six scoreless innings with 11 strikeouts and retiring all but
four batters faced. His fastball was clocked at 98 mph on several
occasions with a top-out speed of 99 mph, and he featured a hard
curveball that Cubs Scouting Director Tim Wilken said was registered at
87 mph. A changeup is in the works to give Cashner a third pitch, but
the Cubs have said they're going to let Cashner dictate his own future
as either a starter or reliever.
1. Jeff Samardzija
2. Josh Vitters
3a. Jose Ceda
3b. Andrew Cashner
4. Welington Castillo
5. Ryan Flaherty
6. Kevin Hart
7. Tyler Colvin
8. Jay Jackson
9. Micah Hoffpauir
10. Esmailin Caridad
11. Mitch Atkins
12. Donald Veal
13. Jovan Rosa
14. Brandon Guyer
15. Dan McDaniel
And finally Rob G's Top 15...
I get to bend the rules though, and instead of sticking to the standard Rookie of the Year qualifications that most folks use as a cutoff, I use a more vague, "hasn't really gotten his shot in the majors yet" qualification. I'll keep my descriptions short though to lessen the risk that I say something as dumb as I did about Carlos Marmol two years ago. I tend to put more emphasis on Double A and Triple A numbers which is dilemma since are better prospects seem to be in the lower ranks.
Jeff Samardzija - Two fastballs with movement that can go 95+. You have to have faith he'll develop his change and/or slider considering how little time he's actually been dedicated to pitching.
- Josh Vitters - I guess I'm believing the hype. K:BB rate is a bit troubling.
- Andrew Cashner - Can throw 99mph, you say? You get a lot of chances to fail when you can throw that hard.
- Micah Hoffpauir - Loosely reminds me of Brant Brown coming up with the Cubs, just in that both were blocked at their position and were never truly considered top prospects in the system. Hoffpauir has shown more power than Brown in his later years, and being a serviceable back-up/fill-in is a better than a lot of prospects end up.
- Jay Jackson - I'm a sucker for a 5.53 K:BB ratio.
- Ryan Flaherty - Time to talk like a scout, could be a left-handed Mark DeRosa.
- Kevin Hart - Nothing too special, but he'll find a home in someone's bullpen one day. Had another nice run in Iowa last year after being demoted.
- Hak-Ju Lee - Compared favorably to Derek Jeter's toolset, good enough for me.
- Jeff Stevens - He might not dominate the majors, but a 3.24 K:BB ratio and a .72 HR/9 rate in the minors is promising.
- John Gaub - 100 K's in 64 innings? Are you kidding me?
- Welington Castillo- Nothing too exciting in his minor league numbers, but he's been young for his leagues and you hope the bat catches up to the defense.
- Marcos Mateo- Scout.com says he can top 95 with a good hard slider, that'll give you plenty opportunities.
- Justin Berg- mid 90's sinkers are tough to come by and the Cubs wouldn't have put him on the 40-man if they didn't have some faith in him.
- Mitch Atkins - a nice three year run now although the numbers aren't overwhelming. He did add a cutter last year which could explain the jump in prospect status along with being just 23 years old.
- Tyler Colvin - the numbers suffered for the most part last year, but did put up a .983 OPS in August and nearly tripled his previous year's walk total while striking out at about the same rate.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
These are my favorite write ups. So many promising players...hope for the future...the possibility of a new organizational direction. Most of these guys will never come close to reaching their projections, but it really makes me feel good to think of some of these guys being on the team instead of overpriced free agents
Caution - the rest of this is based on nothing and will never come true, nor is it a statement of belief (based on the left handed Derosa comment)
Vitters could be our 2005 DLee
Berg could be our Brandon Webb-Lite
Cashner could be our Joba Chamberlain
Lee could be a real SS developed by the team!
So exciting
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Is Mitch Atkins really that unimpressive? I must be missing the boat here. I saw him pitch a few times when he was in Peoria, and he looked like he was a pitcher who was starting to "get it" as far as throwing strikes, changing speeds..etc.
The guy went 17-7 between AA and AAA. He struck out 132, walked 50. His ERA jumped to 4.47 in AAA...but isn't that expected a bit in the PCL?
He's behind Justin Berg? Berg may have that power sinker, but walking 59 and striking out 59 last season, with a WHIP of 1.51 worries me just a bit...not to mention his 5.16 ERA.
Hopefully Vitters will get a shot at Peoria this season, at age 19.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Definitely his future is in the Pen though. The game I went to where he started, he was throwing something like 85% fastballs.
94mph 4-seamers up in the zone. 90-92 mph 2-seamers that bounced in the dirt as much as they went over the plate. He had a
Sloppy little breaking pitch that didn't look like it moved much. But he couldn't throw it for a strike anyway, and nobody really offered
At it.
Control issues aside, he does have an MLB arm. But only 2 useable pitches means he is bullpen depth.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Player A AA-AAA: 17-7..4.00 ERA.. 132K, 50 BB, 1.250 WHIP
Player B AA-AAA: 4-9, 5.16 ERA, 59K..59 BB..1.51 WHIP
Why would A be ranked behind B, and why so far down the list?
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
But the numbers in Iowa and Tennessee don't matter much then?
I guess I'd like to see at least some credit given to a pitcher having success at AA and AAA rather than a guy who looks great..throws real hard...and just stinks.
Yeah Holliman's 22-27 record with a 4.13 ERA is exactly like Atkins' 44-27 with a 3.83 ERA
I don't mean to sound snarky here Rob..I'm just tired of seeing the Earl Cunningham's...Corey Patterson's....Mark Pawalek's of the world get all hyped to no end, and then see a guy who is getting results at A...AA...AAA...but because he isn't throwing 95+..or throw a splitter..or something...he's seen as a non-prospect.
I'd like to see some baseball players, not just athletes.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
I was making a point about players with tools versus players who can actually play the game. I apologize for using 1st round selections as examples.
I think it's great that Berg has a plus pitch. I would like to see some results is all. Berg is a year older than Atkins, and in 469 innings in the minors, he's got a 4.81 ERA, walked 222, stuck out 294.
Again...I'm just saying results are not necesarily a bad thing.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
I will go to my grave still saying I'd have rather seen Dubois in LF in 2005 rather than Todd Hollandsworth and his worthless bag of deteriorating skills.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
McClain had a career high 38 PA's last year and put up a 121 OPS+
Choi as we went over a few weeks back has a career 106 OPS+
Dubois had a 93 OPS+ on the strength of .472 slugging when the Cubs traded him.
Our starting shorstop has a career OPS+ of 88
Why don't you ask how Jack Cust and Nelson Cruz are doing?
All of those guys (when healthy) can hit MLB pitching.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
the diffence between 2007 atkins and 2008 atkins is not anything you can find in a stat or a spreadsheet.
you talk to a human or watch the guy and discover he's got better control over his splitter fastball.
this makes him an entirely different beast to scout...things like this happen a lot, especially in the minors...soto, for instance, getting his batting eye honed.
a pair of eyes is all anyone needed to know jason dubois was practically doomed besides an occasional homer because of his strong/wild swing...no minor league #s needed.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Yikes Rob!!...Whew...that's not a good pic....lol.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
cutter is a splitter...it's a fastball grip.
it's also abused/misused as the phrase "nickle curve" vs. "changeup"
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
that's the thing, though...many people have a "cutter" that is a "splitter"...the phrases are tainted.
as far as grip goes, they're identical for the most part.
to add confusion...what many call a "split finger fastball" is not what more than a chunk of people call a "splitter" (including me). the fact he's throwing it at 82mph leads me to believe it's not a 2-seam fastball/splitter (i group both 2-seam fastballs together...some call 1 of these fastballs a split-finger and the other a 2-seamer...they're both the same grip, but a different plane of the ball is "on top" by a 1/4 turn).
you gotta know who you're talking with and decode what they're actually doing...yeah.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
i need to throw a * on that comment...
it really comes down to what HE calls the cutter...because being a trained professional is no automatic given that he knows the "proper vernacular" (mostly because it changes coach/to/coach and organization/to/org).
either way the grip is identical to the people who throw the phrases around (top and bottom grip) and both have similar bat-breaking break to them.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
I want to clarify by saying I am not high on Berg either, but until Smardijza was promoted to AAA this year, his minor league numbers looked a helluva lot like Berg and now most people consider him our second best prospect.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
minors to majors production isn't linear...and it doesn't help when people create stats that "predict" what a player should do independent of HOW they get their numbers.
if people were promoted solely on accomplishments soto might still be in AAA and samninja would probably be starting in AA...as far as recent stuff goes.`
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
True, it is not linear.
However I'm willing to also go out on a limb and say that the job market is flooded with guys who threw 95 mph+, and couldn't command their pitches, and guys who were speed burners who could hit the ball 420 feet, but couldn't make consistent contact or manage the stike zone.
I heartily apologize for singling out Justin Berg, and for wondering why a guy who has had success in A, AA, and AAA is such a lowly prospect, while guys who haven't sone squat, but have plus pitches..can throw 95 mph....look like Jeter...are considerable prospects.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Ok....if a guy who throws a mid-90's+ super sinker can't get the ball over the plate with more consistency, and keep his ERA out ot the 4.80-5.20 range, it won't matter how hard he throws it.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Also Rob...In order for the Bears to win, they have to outscore their opponents...
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Let's hope they can match that even with Wood gone.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
"A shot at Peoria"--did you mean Daytona? There's no place between Boise and Peoria.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
I'm afraid I don't understand your post.
I hope that Vitters, at age 19, will get to play at Peoria, the first stop in full season baseball. I hope this, rather than move him to Hi-A Daytona this soon.
I was not hoping to see him play somewhere between Boise and Peoria.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Ok, I misunderstood, the word "shot" sounded like a reach, whereas Peoria would be a normal promotion.
I guess you were referring to Fleita mentioning (to Bruce Levine) that he'd like to see Vitters get off to a good start this year someplace warm like Daytona.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
I just got the John Sickles prospect book in the mail. According to him, the Cubs have 37 players worthy of write-up. All guys being Grade C or above.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
And you aren't currently retyping all 37 write-ups into a word document to paste into a comment why? No hustle, no heart.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
I have some hope for these prospects because they are mostly Post-Jim Hendry Drafts/Signings and more on the Tim Wilken side. My only concern is the Oneri Fleita Player Development aspect, that along with Hendry, counted on Corey Patterson, Felix Pie, Matt Murton, Ronney Cedeno, Rich Hill, and others to contribute to the ML roster when they could have and should have been dealt when their value was highest.
I know some of you will say, what about Soto, Theriot, Fontenot, Marmol yada yada, but those guys werent highly regarded by Hendry/Fleita or they wouldnt have traded for Jason Kendall/Rob Bowen and told Theriot he's a utility player (even though he is), and not invite Fontenot to ST in 2007. Lets hope some of these new guys can off set the back loaded contracts that Hendry signed the last few years in 2010-2014.
Many holes to fill in 2011..
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Nice lists by AZ Phil and Rob G.
With the Cubs lacking pop in center and defensive depth at shortstop, I can't help thinking that a few guys who are mostly not on the lists might be called up ahead of these other guys.
In center, Colvin/Robnett.
At short, Barney/Sellers (better gloves than Theriot/Miles).
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Thanks for the info guys
Perhaps I'm only speaking for myself here, but for those of us that have little to no exposure to the guys in the farm system these sort of reports are really valuable
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Yeah, I second that! Thanks, guys!
Does minor league camp start at the same time as Major league camp, or does it not really form until people start getting cut from Major League Camp?
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
I also send big thanks to you guys. This site is one stop shopping for the best Cubs information and discussion. The minor league info is very helpful, I recently moved to Austin, TX and the I-Cubs opening series is here against the Round Rock Express.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
I'll fourth this. I would know very little about most of these guys if not for the reports on here by AZ Phil and occasionally Mike W. I, sadly, don't have time to go do all this research myself, and certainly can't eye-witness the players in Arizona and Iowa. Thanks, TCR.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
#28 rob that picture looks half way decent compared to last years
picture of i do believe of s.gallagher now that was a bad one.
hopefully he has a new one this year not just a new cap.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Now how is a pitch allowed to be called a splitter and not be a split-fingered pitch? One less thing I know, I guess.
"split-fingered has your fingers wider apart and a much later horizontal drop to the pitch"
There's horizontal drop, too? Is that like what some people (including me) would call break? Because to me drop is a vertical thing. Yet come to think of it, break seems to be used as it can be either vertical or horizontal. Is there a term that exclusively refers to a pitch's break along the X/horizontal axis without drop (beyond the natural)? (I will not accept LaTroy as a valid answer.)
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
Two common terms for the horizontal movement of a pitch are "cut" and "tail". These are primarily used for fastballs, though. Thrown by a righthander, a pitch is said to cut if it moves toward his left after he releases it, and said to tail if it moves toward his right.
I think "horizontal drop" was just a typo, though I guess I should let Rob account for it. Splitters usually have significant drop, which is a word almost always used to downward vertical movement. I also agree with Rob's definition of the split-fingered fastball, though it is often hard to distinguish from the nasty changeups lots of guys throw now--and plenty of pitchers are throwing hybrid split-changes. Essentially, they're all about the same pitch though. Slower than the fastball, with a sudden drop about the time they reach the plate--"like the bottom falls out" as so many commentators say.
Re: Cubs Prospect List-Mania 2009
I meant to post this a while ago, but just haven't gotten around to finding my old account info (SJS_Kenosha)...
I played summer ball with John Gaab up in South St. Paul. The kid can throw, surprisingly lefty AND righty (and at 80+ w/ the right hand too). On a personal level, he's a turd, but if he can help this team somehow (preferrably as trade bait) all the better.
Recent comments
first game for lester giving up more than 2 runs since july 24th. hell of a run.
doh, yes...dunno what happened there. jake arrieta is all "bro wut?"
lester going for #20...cubs haven't had a LH (thanks jpep for the correction) 20 game winner since d.ellsworth in 1963.
fwiw, all the games are free on mlb.tv
Short rest for MadBum would be 2 days. WC game is Wed., Games 1 & 2 are Friday/Saturday.
A left-handed one...
J-Hey not finishing with an offensive onslaught.
If Geoff Blum could be a Playoff hero, there is hope still...
Giants scare me. I think you're wrong about Bumgarner, he would pitch on short rest for Game 2 and then full rest for Game 5. Cueto would go Game 1, then short rest in game 4. Add in some really tough outs in that lineup and I want nothing to do with them. With that rotation they can easily steal a series.
Cards are a tough matchup. The rivalry evens out their comparable lack of talent. And like someone said, they love HRs, which is how to beat the Cubs. The upside is that I would feel really good about Lester twice against STL.
j.buchanan with a nice start...5ip 2h 1bb 3k, 0r/er
zobrist with 2HR and a double through 8
heyward 0-4 :(
Mark Gonzales @MDGonzales
Soler likely to return Sunday, Maddon says
Right now, I'd like to see the Mets first, Giants 2nd.
I believe that since most of the team from last years' NLCS is on the squad this year, they will really amp their game up even more to kick their ass in payback for 2015.
The Giants just do not have the depth in years past, and I think all things equal - and at Wrigley - they could handle them.
I do not want to see the Cards, period. Or their fans, media, or Joe Buck.
I don't want to play Braves in the first round. Any friggin team in the league can win 3 of 5..I hate the first round. Furthermore, I wanted to play the Marlins in 2003 and the Mets over Dodgers last year.
With that said in reverse order:
3. Cardinals: It will be devastating to lose in the first round, but even worse to their main rival. It is increased incentive for the Cardinals, especially after last year. Cards would have nothing to lose, Cubs have everything to lose.
2. Giants: Rotation in the playoffs scare me a bit, but what a lousy team.
1. Mets--because of the losses in the rotation
2. Giants--because they're not the team they were BUT they maybe have bullshit even-year magic?
3. Cardinals--because rivalry and not making the playoffs hurts them more than losing in the NLDS plus getting eliminated by them in the playoffs would make for horrible sports commentary next throughout next season.
Who's asking?
CLE/DET rained out last night already, possible rain-outs in New York (vs. Baltimore), Boston(vs. Toronto) and Philly(vs. Mets) this weekend too.
Not only games involving playoff spots that would need to be played, but any that involve home field advantage.
I got the first one! Second one I'm not even sure what even/odd betting is.


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