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On the demand side, exporters and strategic planners focusing on iron and non-alloy steel wire in Japan face a number of questions. Which countries are supplying iron and non-alloy steel wire to Japan? How important is Japan compared to others in terms of the entire global and regional market? How much do the imports of iron and non-alloy steel wire vary from one country of origin to another in Japan? On the supply side, Japan also exports iron and non-alloy steel wire. Which countries receive the most exports from Japan? How are these exports concentrated across buyers? What is the value of these exports and which countries are the largest buyers?
This report was created for strategic planners, international marketing executives and import/export managers who are concerned with the market for iron and non-alloy steel wire in Japan. With the globalization of this market, managers can no longer be contented with a local view. Nor can managers be contented with out-of-date statistics which appear several years after the fact. I have developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic and trade models, to estimate the market for iron and non-alloy steel wire for those countries serving Japan via exports, or supplying from Japan via imports. It does so for the current year based on a variety of key historical indicators and econometric models.
In what follows, Chapter 2 begins by summarizing where Japan fits into the world market for imported and exported iron and non-alloy steel wire. The total level of imports and exports on a worldwide basis, and those for Japan in particular, is estimated using a model which aggregates across over 150 key country markets and projects these to the current year. From there, each country represents a percent of the world market. This market is served from a number of competitive countries of origin. Based on both demand- and supply-side dynamics, market shares by country of origin are then calculated across each country market destination. These shares lead to a volume of import and export values for each country and are aggregated to regional and world totals. In doing so, we are able to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of both the value of each market and the share that Japan is likely to receive this year. From these figures, rankings are calculated to allow managers to prioritize Japan compared to other major country markets. In this way, all the figures provided in this report are forecasts that can be combined with internal information sources for strategic planning purposes.
After the worldwide summary in Chapter 2 of both imports and exports of iron and non-alloy steel wire, Chapter 3 goes into detail on imports, but for each major country of origin serving Japan. A "major" market is defined as a country where Japan represents a substantially large share of either imports or exports. For each major country exporting to Japan, one can thus observe how important Japan is to that exporting country compared to other countries of the world. Chapter 4 does the same, but for exports of iron and non-alloy steel wire originating from Japan, for each major country of destination. In doing so, one can discover the share that Japan has in each major market; this share value is often used as a measure of competitiveness for Japan. In all cases, the total dollar volume and percentage share values by major trading partner are provided. Combined, Chapters 3 and 4 present a the total picture for imports and exports of iron and non-alloy steel wire to and from Japan to and from all other major countries in the world. "Iron and Non-Alloy Steel Wire" as a category is defined in this report following the definition given by the United Nations Statistics Division Classification Registry using the Standard International Trade Classification, Revision 3 (SITC, Rev. 3). The SITC code that defined "iron and non-alloy steel wire" is 6781. SHOW LESS READ MORE >
2.1 Imports in Japan in 2016
2.2 Exports from Japan in 2016
2.3 Asia
2.3.1 Source: P China
2.3.2 Indonesia
2.3.3 Malaysia
2.3.4 Philippines
2.3.5 South Korea
2.3.6 Taiwan
2.3.7 Thailand
2.4 Europe
2.4.1 hilip M. Pa France
2.4.2 Slovakia
2.5 North America & the Caribbean
2.5.1 rker, INSEAD, copyright 2015, www.icongrouponline. Canada
2.5.2 the United States
2.6 Oceana
2.6.1 Australia
2.6.2 New Zealand
3.1 Africa
3.1.1 Algeria
3.1.2 Egypt
3.1.3 Ethiopia
3.1.4 Nigeria
3.2 Asia
3.2.1 China
3.2.2 Hong Kong
3.2.3 India
3.2.4 Indonesia
3.2.5 Malaysia
3.2.6 Philippines
3.2.7 Singapore
3.2.8 South Korea
3.2.9 Sri Lanka
3.2.10 Taiwan
3.2.11 Thailand
3.3 Europe
3.3.1 Belarus
3.3.2 Belgium
3.3.3 Czech Republic
3.3.4 Denmark
3.3.5 France
3.3.6 Germany
3.3.7 Italy
3.3.8 Norway
3.3.9 Poland
3.3.10 Portugal
3.3.11 Romania
3.3.12 Russia
3.3.13 Spain
3.3.14 Switzerland
3.3.15 the United Kingdom
3.3.16 Ukraine
3.4 Latin America
3.4.1 Brazil
3.4.2 Costa Rica
3.4.3 Mexico
3.5 North America & the Caribbean
3.6 com Canada
3.6.1 Source: Philip M. Parker, INSEAD, copOceanayright 2015, www.icong Australia
3.7 rouponline.com
3.7.1 the United States
3.7.2 New Zealand
3.8 the Middle East
3.8.1 Bahrain
3.8.2 Iran
3.8.3 Israel
3.8.4 Oman
3.8.5 Pakistan
3.8.6 Saudi Arabia
3.8.7 the United Arab Emirates
3.8.8 Turkey
4.1 Africa
4.1.1 South Africa
5.1 Disclaimers & Safe Harbor
5.2 ICON Group International, Inc. User Agreement Provisions


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Wednesday, August 21, 2013
The Palmetto Christian Academy football team is for real.
With its second best running option hampered by leg cramps, a defensive back being treated at the Medical University of South Carolina and a sideline drawing comparisons to a MASH unit, Palmetto Christian cruised past Porter-Gaud 62-49 in the state's first high school game of the season on Tuesday night.
J.T. Waters, a SCISA all-state quarterback last season, finished with over 600 total yards (308 rushing, 296 passing), eight touchdowns (six rushing, two passing) and one interception.
"We knew what we had to do," Waters said, who has unofficial scholarship offers from Wingate and Newberry. "We had a scheme, and we perfected it. We knew what we had, and we knew what they had."
Coach Jim Daniel called it the program's biggest win "without a doubt," ranking it higher than the 2009 state semifinal playoff win. Waters agreed: "It's awesome," the four-year starting quarterback said. "This is probably the biggest game in this program's history, and I'm happy to be a part of it."
On the first day of official practice, Daniel referred to this game as a measuring stick to see how much more the Eagles needed to improve before considering themselves among SCISA's elite. "To be honest with you, we put this game on the schedule to get closer than last time we played them," Daniel said. "For these guys to step, and these seniors to take over and take control, I'm proud of them."
After tailback Ryan Roe scored the game's first touchdown on a goal line run, Porter-Gaud scored the next 21 points to end the first quarter. In the second, Waters scored for the first time on a short run to cut the deficit to 21-14.
Porter-Gaud's next possession included four plays in the Palmetto Christian red zone, but on fourth and 10, the Cyclones did not kick a short field goal and suffered a turnover on downs. The Eagles promptly went 98 yards on two plays, converted the two-point conversion and took the lead. They never looked back.
Waters scored three touchdowns in the fourth quarter to thwart any Porter-Gaud comeback attempt. The Cyclones enjoyed two long passing touchdowns in the final two minutes to bring the final score closer.
Depth and defense are Palmetto Christian question marks this year, but at Porter-Gaud Tuesday night, they complemented the win with several freshmen being thrown into action and the primary defensive unit allowing only 35 points to the 3A Cyclones.
"We can plug them in and go," Waters said of the team's fluid roster. "We have confidence in every player out there."
Porter-Gaud was led by sophomore quarterback Steven Duncan, who threw for 297 yards and five touchdowns.
Check out reporter Tyler Heffernan's blog for more information on the game.
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Never miss any important news!
हिन्दी खबरें
ऐश्वर्या ने भुला दिए सारे गिले-शिक़वे, फिर से बड़े पर्दे सलमान के साथ इश्क फरमाते पर दिखेंगी !!
टाइगर श्रॉफ की नई फिल्म 'मुन्ना माइकल' की शूटिंग हुई शुरु
इस साल की दूसरी सबसे बड़ी ओपनर फिल्म बनी एम.एस.धोनी: द अनटोल्ड स्टोरी
जानिए क्यों हैं शाहरुख खान बॉलीवुड के रोमांस किंग ?
ये हैं हमारी बॉलीवुड इंडस्ट्री के बड़बोले स्टार्स


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Top Definition
when ones groin becomes painfull after an over the top session of oral sex (without brushing ones teeth). this can cause the penis to become infected and fall off.
"hey that guys groin strain has made his cock start to rot off, lets crucify him in the street and thow used condoms at him". "yeah totally"!
po muriel Мај 4, 2007
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Trueflight Feathers 4" Flu Flu flu white pack 100
Brand: Trueflight Feathers
For the highest quality turkey feathers, gathered, processed & finished entirely in the USA under strict USA law, extremely lightweight, high strength, forgiving, aerodynamic & 700 times lighter than vanes, you can't go past a Trueflight Feather
Trueflight Feathers 4" Flu Flu flu white pack 100Price: $72.95
$66.32 excl. GST**
** Your price if you do not reside in Australia
Trueflight Feathers 4" Flu Flu flu white pack 100 Description
Trueflight Feathers use the highest quality turkey feathers gathered from US turkey producers. Every Trueflight Feather is hand processed and hand inspected at least 3 times before leaving their plant and proudly finished entirely in the USA under US labour and environmental laws.
Trueflight Feathers are extremely light weight, high strength with fold down forgiveness and aerodynamic "grip" of unsurpassed quality and are up to 700 times lighter than vanes, provide faster arrow velocities and eliminate bow window clearance problems. No man-made vane comes even close.
Trueflight Feather bases are ground and cleaned, so no other preparation is needed before you fletch your arrow.
Trueflight has been the world leader in arrow fletching for over 50 years.
- Accurate
- Stable
- Forgiving
- Aerodynamic
- 700 times lighter than vanes
- Faster arrow velocity
- No fletch clearance problems
- No other preparation needed before fletching
- Feathers only sourced from US farms
- Hand processed & inspected at least 3 times
- Finished entirely in USA under strict US laws
- Unsurpassed quality
If you want the best arrow flight and to shoot tighter groups, fletch with Trueflight Feathers.
Trueflight are the finest feathers in the world and the only choice for fletching arrows.
For stability, forgiveness and accuracy, look no further than Trueflight Feathers.


text:
Thursday, April 25, 2013
Wine and Design Mount Pleasant is showing its love for teachers by giving away three painting parties. The wine and painting party studio will debut its "Traveling Art Studio" by rewarding area schools with free art parties through its current social media campaign on Facebook.
Wine and Design Mount Pleasant owner and operator, Heather Speizman, has two children in elementary school and says that over the years, her family has been blessed with amazing teachers from Daniel Island to Sullivan's Island to Mount Pleasant. This campaign is just one way that she is expressing her gratitude to educators and their enormous dedication and contributions to the community.
"My oldest daughter was born prematurely and has had many medical complications over the years," said Speizman. "Through the amazing, dedicated, and loving teachers and therapists in our lives, my daughter is thriving and overcoming all obstacles. I come from a long lineage of teachers and throwing our awesome educators an art party seemed like the perfect way for me to give back."
Wine and Design Mount Pleasant is holding a Facebook contest for all local schools - elementary, middle, and high schools, as well as charter, private, and magnet schools - through April 24. Anyone interested in submitting their school for consideration needs to first "Like" Wine and Design MTP on Facebook, and then "Like" their school's photo in the We*Love*Teachers album. The school with the most "Likes" on April 25 will get a Design on Wheels end-of-the-year, off-site painting party. Based on participation, Wine and Design Mount Pleasant is planning to give away up to three parties. Speizman offered the following tips on winning:
"The key is to share your Facebook link with as many people as possible," said Speizman. "'Like' our Facebook page, 'Like' your school listed, and get your PTA and principal involved to help spread the word and get your school votes!"
For more information, visit www.wineanddesignus.com/MountPleasant.html or call 843-388-7857.
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text:
On this day: January 1
POSTED: 01:21 PM PST Dec 31, 2012 UPDATED: 11:00 PM PST Dec 31, 2015
Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation, Ellis Island opens, the Rose Bowl becomes the first college bowl game, Hank Williams dies, and the Y2K panic fizzles out, all on this day.
The views expressed are not those of this company or its affiliated companies. Please note by clicking on "Post" you acknowledge that you have read the Terms Of Service and the comment you are posting is in compliance with such terms.blog comments powered by Disqus


text:
Top Definition
Slang of a slang of a slang. By the way became btw became bt dubs is now bt dubstep. For those who wub music.
You have the red Ford out front? Well, it's on fire, bt dubstep.
Bt dubstep, I love it when the bass drops.
Bt dubstep, I love it when the bass drops.
โดย C0mm4m4n 12 ตุลาคม 2011
Trending Now
Can you define these popular missing words?
A lengthened version of btdubs, which is a legnthened version of btw, meaning "by the way". Btdubstep actually has more characters in it than "by the way" does, if you aren't counting spaces.
Dude you look like a model. That's a good thing, btdubstep.
โดย Pennyy 26 ธันวาคม 2010


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Celebrities with February birthdays
POSTED: 09:04 AM PST Jan 24, 2012 UPDATED: 11:00 PM PST Jan 31, 2016
Marking your birthday in February? Check out which famous people will be celebrating with you.
The views expressed are not those of this company or its affiliated companies. Please note by clicking on "Post" you acknowledge that you have read the Terms Of Service and the comment you are posting is in compliance with such terms.blog comments powered by Disqus


text:
Top Definition
The extreme or unnecessary display of one's misperceived ability to impress.
Me: Did you see that kid rip his shirt off when he got mad at Sarah?
Marc: Yeah, that was some serious toolbaggery!
Marc: Yeah, that was some serious toolbaggery!
লিখেছেন- terv 9 de ফেব্রুয়ারি de 2007
Trending Now
Can you define these popular missing words?
A small group of people acting crazy, and obnxious in a very obvious manner. They think what they're doing is cool and acceptable. It's the ultimate combination of being a tool and a tool bag.
Did you see that tool baggery going on at the show last night? People are freaking crazy!
লিখেছেন- jily 22 de নভেম্বার de 2010
the art of being a toolbag and or dickhead.
The young truck loving child named brendan has mastered the art of toolbaggery after crushing a childs hopes and dreams by pushing him down the stairs.
লিখেছেন- cloid 5 de অক্টোবার de 2010


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Ball State Coaches Caravans Set for May and June
RSVP for Ball State Coaches Caravan Events
The 2014 Ball State Coaches Caravan is coming your way! Don't miss your chance to meet and greet with various coaches and get a Ball State athletics update from:
Bill Scholl, Director of Intercollegiate Athletics
Pete Lembo, Head Football Coach/Associate Athletics Director
James Whitford, Head Men's Basketball Coach
Brady Sallee, Head Women's Basketball Coach
For more information, please contact Michelle Johnson at the Ball State Alumni Association at 765.285.1080 or email@example.com. The following are the dates and locations for the events:
Thursday, May 22
The Players Club (Yorktown)
In conjunction with the CVC Golf Classic
Noon to 1 p.m.
More Information
Fort Wayne:
Thursday, May 29
Champions Sports Bar & Restaurant
5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m.
More Information
Saturday, May 31
Victory Field (Comcast Room)
In conjunction with the Indianapolis Indians Outing
4 p.m. to 5:30 p.m.
More Information
Tuesday, June 3
Harry Caray's Restaurant
5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. CST
More Information


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text: Hatters Finish 15th at Mission Inn March 18, 2013 Howie-in-the-Hills, Fla. – The Stetson men's golf team slipped into 15th place with a final round score of 308 in Mission Inn Spectacular. Indiana University captured the team title in the 18-team event. The Hoosiers finished the tournament with a five-over par score of 869, two shots better than Purdue and Virginia Tech. Jonathan Gray of Georgia State, which finished fourth, took home top individual honors with an eight-under par score of 208. Indiana's Brant Peaper finished five shots back in second place. The Hatters were led by a pair of freshmen. Both Dustin Dingus and Michael Primavera tied for 54th in the tournament with total scores of 16-over par 232. Another freshman, Andrew Peterson, tied for 67th three shots behind his teammates. Sophomore Matt Taylor tied for 88th with a score of 240 and freshman Jose Rosales Cruz tied for 92nd with a score of 241. The Hatters will be back in action in two weeks at the FAU Spring Break Invitational in Lake Worth. The tournament is scheduled to start on March 29. Print Friendly Version More Headlines


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Limoges Railway Station
LEGO Ambassador Anio put 12,500 bricks into this microscale rendition of the railway station of the French city of Limoges.
Check out this MOC and more of his recent creations in the Special Themes forum.
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LEGO Pictorial Review: 21030 United States Capitol
Our Eurobricks Sci-Fi Moderator, Bob De Quatre has just published his latest set review on this LEGO Architecture 21030 United States Capitol. Share your thoughts with us and let us know if you like this new LEGO Architecture set.
Click here to view 21030 United States Capitol review.
REVIEW: 71013 LEGO Collectable Minifigures Series 16
With the release of Collectable Minifigures Series 16, it is time for Reviewers Academy Teacher WhiteFang's traditional review again. Head over to the Special Themes forum for his usual in-depth review.
Planned Software Upgrade
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1:17 Ferrari LMP1 Car
BrickMonkey has created this outstanding 1:17 Ferrari LMP1 Car. Check out the Special LEGO Themes forum to read all about it.
LEGO design team needs your input!
Dear RLUG Ambassadors,
This is a unique chance to provide feedback to the team who develops special brick LEGO products.
Melody Caddick - LEGO designer in the LEGO Group Licensing & Extended Line Products division (whom many of you know already) – asks for your feedback on some of the projects that is in their current portfolio. The goal is to let the design team know how we are doing with the existing special LEGO brick products. For this feedback session we are not taking input on products you would like to see in the future.
So go here to find out more and to maybe make a difference!
Bricks issue 16 is out!
Stuff to read!
Bricks issue 16 scales the castle walls, wonders at the world of steam punk and how to accessorise the VW beetle and camper.
Want to see some more preview? Click away to the General LEGO Discussion forum and have a look!
Review: 21029 Buckingham Palace
Eurobricks' Global Moderator WhiteFang just posted his review of the new LEGO Architecture set: 21029 Buckingham Palace! Check it out in the Special Themes subforum!
Story Time in the Brick Seas!
Members who sail The Brick Seas, such as Eslandola's own Captain Braunsfeld, have been creating builds to illustrate their stories.
Captain Braunsfled has recently posted the 13th installment of his story, which started with the adventures of the infamous cunning Captain Cookie to the success of Colonel Brickinson after he has flown the monkey flag.
Check out 13. The Brickinson Case.
Come follow other great stories and builds in The Brick Seas.
EV3 Catching a Ball in Mid-Air
One of our latest members, dsharlet, has created a Mindstorms EV3 robot catching a ball in mid-air....that's all I need to say
A Great Looking Schooner
Our very own Pirate Regulator, Kurigan, found this great Schooner on Flickr and shared it in the Pirate MOCs Forum. Yes, it's made of Lego.
Know Your Pieces has now joined Eurobricks after this ship was posted to discuss this model. Come to the Pirate MOCs Forum to discuss this Schooner and other great MOCs.
Review - 42055 Bucket Wheel Excavator
Sorry for promoting this so late, but our very own Technic Regulator Blakbird has published an outstanding review of the 42055 - Bucket Wheel Excavator. Unlike other reviews, this one contains some very cool schematics, with special thanks to Philo. It's definitely worth the read!
Review: 41492 Iron Man & Captain America
After fighting his way out of the labyrinth of lines that is SDCC, Eurobricks Review Academy teacher Oky presents his review of this convention exclusive set; a set which foreshadows the upcoming Lego Brickheadz line, to be released in 2017.
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|Class Title:
|Bariatric informational session - Health Center: Newtown Square
|Selected Date:
|Saturday, December 17, 2016, from 9:00 AM to 10:00 AM
|Upcoming Dates:
These are regularly scheduled information sessions designed to help patients learn more about bariatric weight loss solutions and the comprehensive Bariatric Program offered by Main Line Health. The information is presented by our Center of Excellence certified Bariatric surgeon, Dr. Richard Ing and our nurse coordinator. During the session you will learn more about the benefits, potential complications and qualification criteria for bariatric surgery. To find out more information and to learn if you may be a candidate, please sign up for an upcoming session.
If you are unable to attend our live session, we also offer an online seminar for your convenience.
Already had surgery? Find someone to share the successes and problems of your experience, someone who is supportive and can help you get through the hard times. Bariatric Surgery Support Group meetings will follow after the Information Sessions at 7:30 pm on certain dates.
|This event is held in Conference Room C.
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Newtown Square , PA , 19073
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Fulham boss Rene Meulensteen is prepared to play the waiting game in his pursuit of Swansea City defender Neil Taylor.
Meulensteen has confirmed that the London club have lodged a bid for the Wales international, who has failed to regain his place in the Swansea side since recovering from a serious knee injury.
Ben Davies has established himself at left-back in Michael Laudrup's side and Taylor has become frustrated with a lack of first-team football.
That has alerted Fulham, who have reportedly offered £4million for the 24-year-old former Wrexham man.
Meulensteen revealed that Taylor caught his eye when he was on the coaching staff at Manchester United and the Dutchman is determined to get his man.
"We have put a bid in. It's on the table. It's simmering," Meulensteen said.
"I rate him. I rated him when I was at United. The boy was very unfortunate.
"He had that horrific injury at a time when he was really playing at his best and he had top-four qualities."
|Burnley 2 Watford 0: Landmark goals for Hendrick and Keane seal first win in four
|Schmidt lauds hitman Hernandez
|Klopp not banking on Liverpool winning title
|Kroos plays down Ronaldo rage rumours
|Confidence coursing through Copenhagen
|Madrid form draws no concern for Zidane
|Burki looking forward to ´dream´ Madrid clash
|Juve and Higuain have work to do - Allegri
|CSKA boss Slutski wary of Tottenham threat
|Pochettino: Kane to return within three weeks
|City youngster Diaz signs three-year deal
|Aurier vows to ´continue working hard´ for PSG despite prison sentence
|Tuchel expecting Ronaldo on top form
|Ter Stegen eyes new Barcelona deal
|Hazard: No excuse for Arsenal defeat
|Cisse back in training with Auxerre
|Hummels resumes training ahead of Atletico clash
|Facing Barcelona´s MSN not a nightmare, insists Bravo
|Thiago: Atletico defence best in the world
|Alonso wants to end career at Bayern Munich
|Ranieri went to Slimani for Porto advice
|Draxler: Wolfsburg blocked my exit
|Samoura defends abolishment of racism task force
|Sampaoli backs Nasri for France recall
|Gisdol ´twitching with joy´ at Hamburg presentation
|Zanetti determined Inter will return to the top
|Getafe sack Esnaider
|Bartra happy with playing time at Dortmund
|Aurier handed two-month prison sentence over police altercation
|Klopp attributes Lallana´s fine form to hard work
|Totti´s wife slams ´small man´ Spalletti
|Guardiola has already done an amazing job at Manchester City - Alonso
|Referees attacked by hooligans in Bosnia and Herzegovina
|Griezmann: I am not the anti-Benzema
|Sterling hails Guardiola´s role in goalscoring form
|Champions League Matchday Two: Madrid look for first win in Dortmund
|Smalling confident Rooney will bounce back
|Vardy fears ´permanent stain against my name´ following casino incident
|Brave Wilshere will reap rewards of loan move - Howe
|MLS Review: Sounders surprise Galaxy, Kamara double sinks New England
|Walcott a special case - Wenger
|Guardiola striving for more after perfect 10
|Chelsea risk another mid-table finish, admits Conte
|Montella feels AC Milan lacked courage
|Robben speaks out on injury fears
|Fiorentina 0 AC Milan 0: Ilicic misses penalty on Montella´s return
|Gisdol replaces Labbadia at Hamburg
|Ibrahimovic threatened me over Pogba deal - Raiola
|Balotelli could make Nice return against Krasnodar
|Southampton deserved to win – Bilic
|Podolski takes aim at Mourinho over Schweinsteiger treatment
|Atletico midfielder Augusto suffers ACL injury
|Sagna: More to Aguero than goals
|Errors are urgent matter for Schalke - Weinzierl
|Puel delighted with sublime Southampton second half
|Simeone praises ´decisive´ Gameiro
|Noble: West Ham can´t get any worse
|Pjanic: I will play wherever Allegri needs me
|West Ham 0 Southampton 3: Defensive woes pile pressure on Bilic
|Kondogbia makes the same mistakes often – De Boer
|Gray backed by Dyche after ban for abusive social media posts
|Gabriel needs time to get used to Serie A - Ausilio
|Atletico Madrid´s Gimenez and Augusto doubts for Bayern Munich clash
|Atletico Madrid 1 Deportivo La Coruna 0: Griezmann downs 10-man Depor
|Angry Spalletti slams Roma players´ attitude
|Liverpool have unbelievable quality - Milner
|Simeone´s son Giovanni scores first Serie A goal
|Ivanovic: Chelsea let Conte down
|Inter 1 Bologna 1: Battling Bologna end Inter streak
|Guardiola: Top-four finish very tough for Man City
|Rodgers expecting tough test against City and Aguero
|Zamparini admits Balotelli interested Palermo
|Former Swansea, Arsenal great Mel Charles dies
|Asamoah, Rugani ruled out for up to seven weeks
|Totti reaches 250 Serie A goals in Roma defeat
|Alves makes LaLiga history as Valencia see off Leganes
|Guardiola rues De Bruyne injury as Man City await scan
|Las Palmas draw could prove costly, admits Morata
|Gabriel explains choosing Inter over Juventus
|Hamburg dismiss Labbadia
|West Ham players expect Payet´s free-kick magic - Antonio
|Man City must tell Guardiola to stop, says Toure´s agent
|Hamsik thrilled to reach 100 Napoli goals
|Zabaleta warns Man City over Celtic backlash
|MLS Review: Red Bulls, Toronto into play-offs
|´We were unlucky´ - Bale
|Guardiola keen for Spurs test
|Rodgers: I never fell out with Sterling
|Wenger hails ´different´ Walcott
|Mazzarri backs Deeney for England call-up
|Mamelodi Sundowns and Zamalek reach CAF Champions League final
|Benzema and Morata can play together - Zidane
|Hummels plays down injury fears
|Las Palmas 2 Real Madrid 2: Zidane´s men held again
|Stones benefited from Moyes´ Everton exit, says Duffy
|Allegri unconcerned by scrappy win
|Montella demands Milan improvement
|Ancelotti praises Thiago after Hamburg victory
|Conte demands better attitude from Chelsea
|Wenger hails stylish Arsenal display
|Moreno the unlikely subject of Klopp´s praise
|Walcott: We wanted it more than Chelsea
|Phelan has ´no qualms´ over another handball red card
|Arsenal 3 Chelsea 0: Sanchez, Walcott and Ozil pile on misery for Conte
|That was how football should be - Klopp on Hull thrashing
|Luis Enrique plans to keep Sergi Roberto on his toes
|Karanka draws hope from Middlesbrough´s second half
|Stoke is stitched into my body – Pulis
|Palermo 0 Juventus 1: Own goal helps champions stay top
|Hughes laments two ´stolen´ points
|Wilshere can be a brilliant player for Bournemouth, says Howe
|Defoe rues Sunderland collapse against Palace
|Tottenham must be more clinical - Pochettino
|Everton were second best, says Koeman
|Benteke: I knew a chance was coming
|Ranieri wants answers from Leicester players after Old Trafford thrashing
|Board can call me if they want to talk - Guidolin
|Sterling hails Guardiola´s impact
|Sergi Roberto revelling in new role
|Guardiola wants Aguero improvement despite scoring streak
|Mourinho demands more from star man Pogba
|Sporting Gijon 0 Barcelona 5: No Messi, no problem for ruthless champions
|Stoke City 1 West Brom 1: Rondon snatches point as Pulis reaches 1000 games
|Sunderland 2 Crystal Palace 3: Benteke´s late header stuns Black Cats
|Swansea City 1 Manchester City 3: Aguero at the double for Guardiola´s perfect 10
|Bournemouth 1 Everton 0: Stanislas wonder strike ends Koeman´s unbeaten start
|Liverpool 5 Hull City 1: Coutinho stunner caps easy win
|Middlesbrough 1 Tottenham 2: Son shines for Spurs
|Hamburg 0 Bayern Munich 1: Late Kimmich goal maintains Bayern´s perfect start
|Bayern facing defensive headache after Hummels limps off at Hamburg
|Pogba and Mata delighted by United response
|Vardy and Mahrez were rested for Porto, Ranieri admits
|Mourinho completely trusts dropped Rooney
|I beat Usain Bolt in a race - Bolasie
|Juventus still Scudetto favourites - De Boer
|Manchester United 4 Leicester City 1: Rooney watches on as Pogba inspires Red Devils demolition
|Robben and Ribery are like Messi, claims Helmer
|Pochettino hints at Vertonghen renewal
|Robben´s style makes him an injury risk - Bayern fitness coach
|Liverpool refuse to comment on Sakho´s social media outburst
|Rooney dropped for Leicester City clash
|Messi injury doesn´t matter to Barcelona - Abelardo
|Thiago Silva worried by PSG form
|Mourinho describes Wenger relationship as ´civilised´
|Milito: Inter are no one-man team
|Bilic delays naming daughter due to West Ham worries
|Fernandinho hails ´intelligent´ De Bruyne
|Matuidi: This season toughest for PSG
|New York City 4 Chicago Fire 1: Villa nets twice in win
|Pjaca not Morata - Allegri
|Guardiola keen for Kolarov extension
|England criticism changed Rooney - Mourinho
|Gotze detractors don´t surprise Tuchel
|Wenger laments missing out on Costa
|Emery deflects blame from PSG players after Toulouse defeat
|Guidolin: It´s not possible to beat Manchester City if you don´t play well
|Mourinho prepared to bench Rooney
|Fitness fears over Aubameyang with Real Madrid looming


text:
In the six weeks since USC Upstate senior Brandon Lee helped the Spartans to an 8-6 victory over Stetson in Spartanburg, he had been winless in four starts with three consecutive losses.
On Thursday in an elimination game at the Atlantic Sun Conference Tournament, Lee silenced the Hatters to snap his losing skid and end the Hatters' season by blanking Stetson 6-0.
The Hatters (26-31) managed just three hits and four base runners in the game against Lee (7-6), who needed just 114 pitches in the complete game effort.
"We loaded up the lineup with left-hander because that has caused Lee problems this year," Stetson coach Pete Dunn said. "I don't understand how left-handers were hitting so well after what he did to our guys today. They played us exactly where they pitched. They threw a lot of off speed stuff to our left-handers trying to make us pull the ball, and that is what we did.
"If he hadn't had such good command of the zone, then we might have been able to hit the ball up the middle. But, he pitched so that we hit the ball right into the teeth of their defense."
A perfect illustration of that fact was the eight assists and two put outs recorded by Spartans (27-29) second baseman Daniel Seeba.
The Spartans generated all the offense they needed in the very first inning off Stetson sophomore starter Josh Powers (1-8). Gaither Bumgardner delivered a one-out single, advanced on a hit by Luke Weber and then scored on a two-out single by Tyler Lesch.
Powers surrendered another run in the fourth on a two-out single by Tyler Miller to score Seeba, who had walked.
Powers left the game in the eighth inning after allowing those two runs on 10 hits.
"He wasn't real sharp, but he gutted it out," Dunn said. "He got behind in the count a lot, and was up early, but he is going to grind it out. Even at 2-0, we were still in the game. All of a sudden the roof caved in and they scored four."
The four runs the Spartans scored came in the ninth inning on five hits, including three straight off Stetson senior Joe Dye, who was making his 100th career appearance for the Hatters. Weber's two-run double was the only extra-base hit among the 15 piled up by Upstate. Brody Greer and Seeba both added run-scoring hits.
"Any time the season comes to an end it is always disappointing to say goodbye to the senior," Dunn said. "Joe Dye is a guy who was almost cut five years ago. He changed his arm slot and did anything he could do to make a contribution."
The Hatters' three other seniors were outfielders James Rasmussen and Mitchel Brennan, along with pitcher Chad Rood.
"Ras is a guy who was a backup until this year and had to play through a lot of injuries," Dunn said. "Mitchel Brennan had a lot of key hits for us in his career and Rood came in this year and did whatever we asked him to do. It was probably unfair to him to put him into some of the situations we put him in, be needed him to step up and he gutted it out, even though he was hurt all year."
For the Spartans, the 2013 season continues for at least one more game. Upstate will face the loser of tonight's game between top-seeded Mercer and No. 4 seed East Tennessee State on Friday in a scheduled 1:15 p.m. start.


text:
Top Definition
Sitting in-between the driver and the passenger in a vehicle or sitting behind the driver on a motorcycle.
von Mr. Terrence L. Trezvant 26. September 2003
Trending Now
Can you define these popular missing words?
The person forced to sit in the middle of the back seat or in between the two front seats in a two seater in a car. Usually the smallest person or only female in the group will have to ride 'bitch', so that the guys don't touch each other (irrational male homophobia)
Jim: Whos riding bitch? it'd better be Jill- 'cos i ain't sitting next to that stupid fuck Jack again.
von i don't know who i am!! 12. April 2007
A person riding between the driver and passenger in a pickup truck. Generally an uncomfortable position in the cab, hence the name.
"Damn, I'm not riding bitch again."
von x 22. Januar 2003
the passenger (usually female) on the back of a motorcycle.
Do I have to ride bitch again?
von annissa 11. Juni 2003
Often in the back seat of a car, Sitting in the middle of 2 other people. It's rally annoying.
I'm not riding bitch again, You.
von nazi4lifejkjk 3. Dezember 2010
is when your friend calls shot gun and your stuck sitting in the middle like a bitch. there for you are riding bitch because you are the bitch.
Dude i called shot gun, No your riding bitch brother
von adunka-derp 26. Juli 2011


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text:
So I have put everything away and she's still napping. I don't dare interrupt it because it's possibly the only good one she'll take today. At least I have this mini laptop now. But to be honest, I don't really feel like writing.
Part of me just wants to stop all together. At least for a while. It's not that I don't have the words. It's more like I don't have the time. And I want to have the time. And I start to get sad and resentful if I don't get a chance to sit down and write each day. And those little windows of time seem to be disappearing more and more.
And so when I finally have gotten the last child to sleep at the end of a very long day, I am exhausted. I glance toward my computer and can't even muster up a blog post.
There's plenty in my head. It's just getting it here... so much work.
And I have a feeling this whole post is going to contradict itself.
So anyway, I am thankful for the car naps. One big drawback (for me) with co-sleeping is that, come nap time, I have no crib to keep Ivy in. We don't even have room for a crib if I wanted to set one up. And our bed is too big to be on the floor. So when I get her to sleep I usually have to stay beside her or very close because she can get up and wander off the clift! as Gray says.
We have a video monitor that I keep right by her, but she's fast. And at times like a ninja. And I do often have her nap in the sling, but somedays, most days, my body prefers otherwise.
I don't really mind, though. I just get less done. Well, less cleaning done. It does force me to sit still and I can usually quietly fold laundry nearby and tend to Gray.
I won't ever have the cleanest house or prettiest garden outside. I have weeds. And messy bathrooms. I am ok with that. I do what I can. I have four little kids.
Yesterday was GRUELING. Like many days, my hubby is gone for work before most of the kids are awake and is home after they are in bed. I do my best to entertain them and keep them from the TV and we eat a good meal that I cook using usually a lot of pots and pans and there's a lot of us so there's dishes, too. Plenty to clean up. They'll play a little more outside and I'll attempt to clean up the kitchen with Ivy in the mei tai on my back.
They'll come inside and be FILTHY from the top of their heads to their smallest toe. So we make our way upstairs for baths or showers (yesterday was showers and Noah taught Gray, step by step, how to take a shower. It was the sweetest thing.) I'll simultaneously try to keep Ivy out of the bathroom while picking up clothes and towels and drying off wet kids.
They'll get jammied and we'll end up on my bed or on my floor with a stack of books. There is always just one more. And I finally get them settled down enough to scoot them off into their beds. Tucking, kissing, shooshing.
I'll get Ivy to sleep on my bed. Then go into the boys' room and quiet them down once more.
I'll make my way downstairs and straighten pillows, pick up toys and papers and do what I can before my feet give way. I could blog, read a book or magazine. I could finish the dishes, throw another load of laundry in... but most nights I just want to go to sleep. And I feel like the next day we'll do this all again. I can't imagine EVER catching up until all the kids are all in college.
It's exhausting. But I am thankful. This is my life. I've chosen to mother this way and I don't want to change too many things about it. So I'll do the best I can with what I have. If this is the reason for less writing, for not having a spotless kitchen and sparkling bathrooms, I know for a fact someday I will not regret it.
It's a recurring theme around here but I need the reminder:
The cleaning and scrubbing can wait till tomorrow
But children grow up as I've learned to my sorrow.
So quiet down cobwebs; Dust go to sleep!
I'm rocking my baby and babies don't keep.
I'm writing along the same lines over here as well~ Rollercoaster Road.
Subscribe to my blog here
Twitter me- I'm babysteph


text:
The cassandra.yaml configuration file
The cassandra.yaml file is the main configuration file for Cassandra.
The cassandra.yaml file is the main configuration file for Cassandra.
After changing properties in the cassandra.yaml file, you must restart the node for the changes to take effect. It is located in the following directories:
- Cassandra Packaged installs: /etc/cassandra/conf
- Cassandra Binary installs: <install_location>/conf
- DataStax Enterprise Packaged installs: /etc/dse/cassandra
- DataStax Enterprise Binary installs: <install_location>/resources/cassandra/conf
The configuration properties are grouped into the following sections:
- Initialization properties : Controls how a node is configured within a cluster, including inter-node communication, data partitioning, and replica placement.
- Global row and key caches properties : Caching parameters for tables.
- Performance tuning properties : Tuning performance and system resource utilization, including memory, disk I/O, CPU, reads, and writes.
- Binary and RPC protocol timeout properties : Timeout settings for the binary protocol.
- Remote procedure call tuning (RPC) properties : Settings for configuring and tuning RPCs (client connections).
- Fault detection properties : Settings to handle poorly performing or failing nodes.
- Automatic backup properties : Automatic backup settings.
- Security properties : Server and client security settings.
Initialization properties
Controls how a node is configured within a cluster, including inter-node communication, data partitioning, and replica placement.
- auto_bootstrap
- (Default: true ) This setting has been removed from default configuration. It makes new (non-seed) nodes automatically migrate the right data to themselves. When initializing a fresh cluster with no data, add auto_bootstrap: false.
- broadcast_address
- (Default: listen_address **) If your Cassandra cluster is deployed across multiple Amazon EC2 regions and you use the EC2MultiRegionSnitch , set the broadcast_address to public IP address of the node and the listen_address to the private IP.
- cluster_name
- (Default: Test Cluster ) The name of the cluster; used to prevent machines in one logical cluster from joining another. All nodes participating in a cluster must have the same value.
- commitlog_directory
- (Default: /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog ) The directory where the commit log is stored. For optimal write performance, it is recommended the commit log be on a separate disk partition (ideally, a separate physical device) from the data file directories.
- data_file_directories
- (Default: /var/lib/cassandra/data ) The directory location where table data (SSTables) is stored.
- disk_failure_policy
- (Default: stop ) Sets how Cassandra responds to disk failure.
- stop : Shuts down gossip and Thrift, leaving the node effectively dead, but it can still be inspected using JMX.
- best_effort : Cassandra does its best in the event of disk errors. If it cannot write to a disk, the disk is blacklisted for writes and the node continues writing elsewhere. If Cassandra cannot read from the disk, those SSTables are marked unreadable, and the node continues serving data from readable SSTables. This means you will see obsolete data at consistency level of ONE.
- ignore : Use for upgrading. Cassandra acts as in versions prior to 1.2. Ignores fatal errors and lets the requests fail; all file system errors are logged but otherwise ignored. It is recommended using stop or best_effort.
- endpoint_snitch
- (Default: org.apache.cassandra.locator.SimpleSnitch ) Sets which snitch Cassandra uses for locating nodes and routing requests. It must be set to a class that implements IEndpointSnitch. For descriptions of the snitches, see Snitches.
- initial_token
- (Default: N/A) Used in the single-node-per-token architecture, where a node owns exactly one contiguous range in the ring space. If you haven't specified num_tokens or have set it to the default value of 1, you should always specify this parameter when setting up a production cluster for the first time and when adding capacity. For more information, see this parameter in the Cassandra 1.1 Node and Cluster Configuration documentation.
- listen_address
- (Default: localhost ) The IP address or hostname that other Cassandra nodes use to connect to this node. If left unset, the hostname must resolve to the IP address of this node using /etc/hostname, /etc/hosts , or DNS. Do not specify 0.0.0.0.
- num_tokens
- (Default: 1 **) Used for virtual nodes (vnodes). Defines the number of tokens randomly assigned to this node on the ring. The more tokens, relative to other nodes, the larger the proportion of data that the node stores. Generally all nodes should have the same number of tokens assuming they have equal hardware capability. Specifying the initial_token overrides this setting. The recommended value is 256. If left unspecified, Cassandra uses the default value of 1 token (for legacy compatibility) and uses the initial_token. If you already have a cluster with one token per node, and wish to migrate to multiple tokens per node, see Enabling virtual nodes on an existing production cluster.
- partitioner
Distributes rows (by key) across nodes in the
cluster. Any
be used, including your own as long as it is on
the classpath. Cassandra provides the following
- org.apache.cassandra.dht.Murmur3Partitioner
- org.apache.cassandra.dht.RandomPartitioner
- org.apache.cassandra.dht.ByteOrderedPartitioner
- org.apache.cassandra.dht.OrderPreservingPartitioner (deprecated)
- org.apache.cassandra.dht.CollatingOrderPreservingPartitioner (deprecated)
- rpc_address
) The listen
address for client connections (Thrift remote
procedure calls). Valid values are:
- 0.0.0.0 : Listens on all configured interfaces.
- IP address
- hostname
- unset : Resolves the address using the hostname configuration of the node. If left unset, the hostname must resolve to the IP address of this node using /etc/hostname, /etc/hosts , or DNS.
- rpc_port
- (Default: 9160 ) The port for the Thrift RPC service, which is used for client connections.
- start_rpc
- (Default: true ) Starts the Thrift RPC server.
- saved_caches_directory
- (Default: /var/lib/cassandra/saved_caches ) The directory location where table key and row caches are stored.
- seed_provider
- (Default: org.apache.cassandra.locator.SimpleSeedProvider ) A list of comma-delimited hosts (IP addresses) to use as contact points when a node joins a cluster. Cassandra also uses this list to learn the topology of the ring. When running multiple nodes, you must change the - seeds list from the default value ( 127.0.0.1 ). In multiple data-center clusters, the - seeds list should include at least one node from each data center (replication group). See Initializing a multiple node cluster (single data center) and Initializing a multiple node cluster (multiple data centers).
- start_native_transport
- (Default: false ) Enable or disable the native transport server. Currently, only the Thrift server is started by default because the native transport is considered beta. Note that the address on which the native transport is bound is the same as the rpc_address. However, the port is different from the rpc_port and specified in native_transport_port.
- native_transport_port
- (Default: 9042 ) Port on which the CQL native transport listens for clients.
- native_transport_min_threads
- (Default: 16 **) The minimum number of thread handling requests. The meaning is the same as rpc_min_threads.
- native_transport_max_threads
- (Default: 128 **) The maximum number of thread handling requests. The meaning is the same as rpc_max_threads.
- storage_port
- (Default: 7000 ) The port for inter-node communication.
Global row and key caches properties
Caching parameters for tables.
When creating or modifying tables, you enable or disable the key or row caches for that table by setting the caching parameter. Other row and key cache tuning and configuration options are set at the global (node) level. Cassandra uses these settings to automatically distribute memory for each table on the node based on the overall workload and specific table usage. You can also configure the save periods for these caches globally. For more information, see Configuring caches.
- key_cache_keys_to_save
- (Default: disabled - all keys are saved **) Number of keys from the key cache to save.
- key_cache_save_period
- (Default: 14400 - 4 hours ) Duration in seconds that keys are saved in cache. Caches are saved to saved_caches_directory. Saved caches greatly improve cold-start speeds and has relatively little effect on I/O.
- key_cache_size_in_mb
- (Default: empty , which automatically sets it to the smaller of 5% of the available heap, or 100MB) A global cache setting for tables. It is the maximum size of the key cache in memory. To disable set to 0.
- row_cache_keys_to_save
- (Default: disabled - all keys are saved **) Number of keys from the row cache to save.
- row_cache_size_in_mb
- (Default: 0 - disabled ) A global cache setting for tables.
- row_cache_save_period
- (Default: 0 - disabled ) Duration in seconds that rows are saved in cache. Caches are saved to saved_caches_directory.
- row_cache_provider
Specifies what kind of implementation to use for
the row cache.
- SerializingCacheProvider : Serializes the contents of the row and stores it in native memory, that is, off the JVM Heap. Serialized rows take significantly less memory than live rows in the JVM, so you can cache more rows in a given memory footprint. Storing the cache off-heap means you can use smaller heap sizes, which reduces the impact of garbage collection pauses. It is valid to specify the fully-qualified class name to a class that implements org.apache.cassandra.cache.IRowCacheProvider.
- ConcurrentLinkedHashCacheProvider : Rows are cached using the JVM heap, providing the same row cache behavior as Cassandra versions prior to 0.8.
Performance tuning properties
Tuning performance and system resource utilization, including memory, disk I/O, CPU, reads, and writes.
- column_index_size_in_kb
- (Default: 64 ) Add column indexes to a row when the data reaches this size. This value defines how much row data must be deserialized to read the column. Increase this setting if your column values are large or if you have a very large number of columns. If consistently reading only a few columns from each row or doing many partial-row reads, keep it small. All index data is read for each access, so take that into consideration when setting the index size.
- commitlog_segment_size_in_mb
- (Default: 32 for 32-bit JVMs, 1024 for 64-bit JVMs) Sets the size of the individual commitlog file segments. A commitlog segment may be archived, deleted, or recycled after all its data has been flushed to SSTables. This amount of data can potentially include commitlog segments from every table in the system. The default size is usually suitable for most commitlog archiving, but if you want a finer granularity, 8 or 16 MB is reasonable. See Commit log archive configuration.
- commitlog_sync
) The
method that Cassandra uses to acknowledge writes
in milliseconds:
- periodic : Used with commitlog_sync_period_in_ms (Default: 10000 - 10 seconds ) to control how often the commit log is synchronized to disk. Periodic syncs are acknowledged immediately.
- batch : Used with commitlog_sync_batch_window_in_ms (Default: disabled **) to control how long Cassandra waits for other writes before performing a sync. When using this method, writes are not acknowledged until fsynced to disk.
- commitlog_total_space_in_mb
- (Default: 32 for 32-bit JVMs, 1024 for 64-bit JVMs**) Total space used for commitlogs. If the used space goes above this value, Cassandra rounds up to the next nearest segment multiple and flushes memtables to disk for the oldest commitlog segments, removing those log segments. This reduces the amount of data to replay on startup, and prevents infrequently-updated tables from indefinitely keeping commitlog segments. A small total commitlog space tends to cause more flush activity on less-active tables.
- compaction_preheat_key_cache
- (Default: true ) When set to true , cached row keys are tracked during compaction, and re-cached to their new positions in the compacted SSTable. If you have extremely large key caches for tables, set the value to false ; see Global row and key caches properties.
- compaction_throughput_mb_per_sec
- (Default: 16 ) Throttles compaction to the specified total throughput across the entire system. The faster you insert data, the faster you need to compact in order to keep the SSTable count down. The recommended Value is 16 to 32 times the rate of write throughput (in MBs/second). Setting the value to 0 disables compaction throttling.
- concurrent_compactors
- (Default: 1 per CPU core**) Sets the number of concurrent compaction processes allowed to run simultaneously on a node, not including validation compactions for anti-entropy repair. Simultaneous compactions help preserve read performance in a mixed read-write workload by mitigating the tendency of small SSTables to accumulate during a single long-running compaction. If compactions run too slowly or too fast, change compaction_throughput_mb_per_sec first.
- concurrent_reads
- (Default: 32) For workloads with more data than can fit in memory, the bottleneck is reads fetching data from disk. Setting to (16 × number_of_drives) allows operations to queue low enough in the stack so that the OS and drives can reorder them.
- concurrent_writes
- (Default: 32) Writes in Cassandra are rarely I/O bound, so the ideal number of concurrent writes depends on the number of CPU cores in your system. The recommended value is (8 x number_of_cpu_cores).
- cross_node_timeout
) Enable or
disable operation timeout information exchange
between nodes (to accurately measure request
timeouts). If disabled Cassandra assumes the
request was forwarded to the replica instantly by
the coordinator.
CAUTION:Before enabling this property make sure NTP (network time protocol) is installed and the times are synchronized between the nodes.
- flush_largest_memtables_at
- (Default: 0.75 ) When Java heap usage (after a full concurrent mark sweep (CMS) garbage collection) exceeds the set value, Cassandra flushes the largest memtables to disk to free memory. This parameter is an emergency measure to prevent sudden out-of-memory (OOM) errors. Do not use it as a tuning mechanism. It is most effective under light to moderate loads or read-heavy workloads; it will fail under massive write loads. A value of 0.75 flushes memtables when Java heap usage is above 75% total heap size. Set to 1.0 to disable. Other emergency measures are reduce_cache_capacity_to and reduce_cache_sizes_at.
- in_memory_compaction_limit_in_mb
- (Default: 64 ) Size limit for rows being compacted in memory. Larger rows spill to disk and use a slower two-pass compaction process. When this occurs, a message is logged specifying the row key. The recommended value is 5 to 10 percent of the available Java heap size.
- index_interval
- (Default: 128 ) Controls the sampling of entries from the primary row index. The interval corresponds to the number of index entries that are skipped between taking each sample. By default Cassandra samples one row key out of every 128. The larger the interval, the smaller and less effective the sampling. The larger the sampling, the more effective the index, but with increased memory usage. Generally, the best trade off between memory usage and performance is a value between 128 and 512 in combination with a large table key cache. However, if you have small rows (many to an OS page), you may want to increase the sample size, which often lowers memory usage without an impact on performance. For large rows, decreasing the sample size may improve read performance.
- memtable_flush_queue_size
- (Default: 4 ) The number of full memtables to allow pending flush (memtables waiting for a write thread). At a minimum, set to the maximum number of indexes created on a single table.
- memtable_flush_writers
- (Default: 1 per data directory**) Sets the number of memtable flush writer threads. These threads are blocked by disk I/O, and each one holds a memtable in memory while blocked. If you have a large Java heap size and many data directories, you can increase the value for better flush performance.
- memtable_total_space_in_mb
- (Default: 1/3 of the heap**) Specifies the total memory used for all memtables on a node. This replaces the per-table storage settings memtable_operations_in_millions and memtable_throughput_in_mb.
- multithreaded_compaction
- (Default: false ) When set to true, each compaction operation uses one thread per core and one thread per SSTable being merged. This is typically useful only on nodes with SSD hardware. With HDD hardware, the goal is to limit the disk I/O for compaction (see compaction_throughput_mb_per_sec ).
- populate_io_cache_on_flush
- (Default: false **) Adds newly flushed or compacted sstables to the operating system page cache, potentially evicting other cached data to make room. Enable when all data in the table is expected to fit in memory. See also the global option, compaction_preheat_key_cache.
- reduce_cache_capacity_to
- (Default: 0.6 ) Sets the size percentage to which maximum cache capacity is reduced when Java heap usage reaches the threshold defined by reduce_cache_sizes_at. Together with flush_largest_memtables_at, these properties constitute an emergency measure for preventing sudden out-of-memory (OOM) errors.
- reduce_cache_sizes_at
- (Default: 0.85) When Java heap usage (after a full concurrent mark sweep (CMS) garbage collection) exceeds this percentage, Cassandra reduces the cache capacity to the fraction of the current size as specified by reduce_cache_capacity_to. To disable, set the value to 1.0.
- stream_throughput_outbound_megabits_per_sec
- (Default: 400 **) Throttles all outbound streaming file transfers on a node to the specified throughput. Cassandra does mostly sequential I/O when streaming data during bootstrap or repair, which can lead to saturating the network connection and degrading client (RPC) performance.
- trickle_fsync
- (Default: false ) When doing sequential writing, enabling this option tells fsync to force the operating system to flush the dirty buffers at a set interval trickle_fsync_interval_in_kb. Enable this parameter to avoid sudden dirty buffer flushing from impacting read latencies. Recommended to use on SSDs, but not on HDDs.
- trickle_fsync_interval_in_kb
- (Default: 10240 ]). Sets the size of the fsync in kilobytes.
Binary and RPC protocol timeout properties
Timeout settings for the binary protocol.
- read_request_timeout_in_ms
- (Default: 10000 ) The time in milliseconds that the coordinator waits for read operations to complete.
- range_request_timeout_in_ms
- (Default: 10000 ) The time in milliseconds that the coordinator waits for sequential or index scans to complete.
- truncate_request_timeout_in_ms
- (Default: 60000 ) The time in milliseconds that the coordinator waits for truncates to complete. The long default value allows for flushing of all tables, which ensures that anything in the commitlog is removed that could cause truncated data to reappear. If auto_snapshot is disabled, you can reduce this time.
- write_request_timeout_in_ms
- (Default: 10000 ) The time in milliseconds that the coordinator waits for write operations to complete.
- request_timeout_in_ms
- (Default: 10000 ) The default timeout for other, miscellaneous operations.
Remote procedure call tuning (RPC) properties
Settings for configuring and tuning RPCs (client connections).
- request_scheduler
Defines a scheduler to handle incoming client
requests according to a defined policy. This
scheduler is useful for throttling client requests
in single clusters containing multiple keyspaces.
Valid values are:
- org.apache.cassandra.scheduler.NoScheduler : No scheduling takes place and does not have any options.
- org.apache.cassandra.scheduler.RoundRobinScheduler : See request_scheduler_options properties.
- A Java class that implements the RequestScheduler interface.
- request_scheduler_id
- (Default: keyspace**) An identifier on which to perform request scheduling. Currently the only valid value is keyspace.
- request_scheduler_options
) Contains a
list of properties that define configuration
options for
- throttle_limit: (Default: 80 ) The number of active requests per client. Requests beyond this limit are queued up until running requests complete. Recommended value is ((concurrent_reads + concurrent_writes) × 2).
- default_weight: (Default: 1 **) How many requests are handled during each turn of the RoundRobin.
- weights: (Default: 1 or default_weight) How many requests are handled during each turn of the RoundRobin , based on the request_scheduler_id. Takes a list of keyspaces: weights.
- rpc_keepalive
- (Default: true ) Enable or disable keepalive on client connections.
- rpc_max_threads
- (Default: unlimited**) Regardless of your choice of RPC server (rpc_server_type), the number of maximum requests in the RPC thread pool dictates how many concurrent requests are possible. However, if you are using the parameter sync in the rpc_server_type, it also dictates the number of clients that can be connected. For a large number of client connections, this could cause excessive memory usage for the thread stack. Connection pooling on the client side is highly recommended. Setting a maximum thread pool size acts as a safeguard against misbehaved clients. If the maximum is reached, Cassandra blocks additional connections until a client disconnects.
- rpc_min_threads
- (Default: 16 **) Sets the minimum thread pool size for remote procedure calls.
- rpc_recv_buff_size_in_bytes
- (Default: N/A**) Sets the receiving socket buffer size for remote procedure calls.
- rpc_send_buff_size_in_bytes
- (Default: N/A**) Sets the sending socket buffer size in bytes for remote procedure calls.
- streaming_socket_timeout_in_ms
- (Default: 0 - never timeout streams **) Enable or disable socket timeout for streaming operations. When a timeout occurs during streaming, streaming is retried from the start of the current file. Avoid setting this value too low, as it can result in a significant amount of data re-streaming.
- rpc_server_type
) Cassandra
provides three options for the RPC server. On
Windows, sync is about 30% slower than hsha. On
Linux, sync and hsha performance is about the
same, but hsha uses less memory.
- sync : (default) One connection per thread in the RPC pool. For a very large number of clients, memory is the limiting factor. On a 64 bit JVM, 128KB is the minimum stack size per thread. Connection pooling is strongly recommended.
- hsha : Half synchronous, half asynchronous. The RPC thread pool is used to manage requests, but the threads are multiplexed across the different clients. All Thrift clients are handled asynchronously using a small number of threads that does not vary with the number of clients (and thus scales well to many clients). The RPC requests are synchronous (one thread per active request).
- Your own RPC server: You must provide a fully-qualified class name of an o.a.c.t.TServerFactory that can create a server instance.
- thrift_framed_transport_size_in_mb
- (Default: 15) Frame size (maximum field length) for Thrift. The frame is the row or part of the row the application is inserting.
- thrift_max_message_length_in_mb
- (Default: 16 ) The maximum length of a Thrift message in megabytes, including all fields and internal Thrift overhead (1 byte of overhead for each frame). Message length is usually used in conjunction with batches. A frame length greater than or equal to 24 accommodates a batch with four inserts, each of which is 24 bytes. The required message length is greater than or equal to 24+24+24+24+4 (number of frames).
Fault detection properties
Settings to handle poorly performing or failing nodes.
- dynamic_snitch_badness_threshold
- (Default: 0.0 ) Sets the performance threshold for dynamically routing requests away from a poorly performing node. A value of 0.2 means Cassandra continues to prefer the static snitch values until the node response time is 20% worse than the best performing node. Until the threshold is reached, incoming client requests are statically routed to the closest replica (as determined by the snitch). Having requests consistently routed to a given replica can help keep a working set of data hot when read repair is less than 1.
- dynamic_snitch_reset_interval_in_ms
- (Default: 600000 ) Time interval in milliseconds to reset all node scores, which allows a bad node to recover.
- dynamic_snitch_update_interval_in_ms
- (Default: 100 ) The time interval in milliseconds for calculating read latency.
- hinted_handoff_enabled
) Enable or
disable hinted handoff. A hint indicates that the
write needs to be replayed to an unavailable node.
Where Cassandra writes the hint depends on the
- Prior to 1.0: Writes to a live replica node.
- 1.0 and later: Writes to the coordinator node.
- hinted_handoff_throttle_in_kb
- (Default: 1024) Maximum throttle per delivery thread in kilobytes per second. This rate reduces proportionally to the number of nodes in the cluster. For example, if there are two nodes in the cluster, each delivery thread will use the maximum rate; if there are three, each node will throttle to half of the maximum, since the two nodes are expected to deliver hints simultaneously.
- max_hint_window_in_ms
- (Default: 10800000 - 3 hours ) Defines how long in milliseconds to generate and save hints for an unresponsive node. After this interval, new hints are no longer generated until the node is back up and responsive. If the node goes down again, a new interval begins. This setting can prevent a sudden demand for resources when a node is brought back online and the rest of the cluster attempts to replay a large volume of hinted writes.
- max_hints_delivery_threads
- (Default: 2 ) Number of threads with which to deliver hints. For multiple data center deployments, consider increasing this number because cross data-center handoff is generally slower.
- phi_convict_threshold
- (Default: 8**) Adjusts the sensitivity of the failure detector on an exponential scale. Lower values increase the likelihood that an unresponsive node will be marked as down, while higher values decrease the likelihood that transient failures will cause a node failure. In unstable network environments (such as EC2 at times), raising the value to 10 or 12 helps prevent false failures. Values higher than 12 and lower than 5 are not recommended.
Automatic backup properties
Automatic backup settings.
- auto_snapshot
- (Default: true ) Enable or disable whether a snapshot is taken of the data before keyspace truncation or dropping of tables. To prevent data loss, using the default setting is strongly advised. If you set to false, you will lose data on truncation or drop.
- incremental_backups
- (Default: false ) Backs up data updated since the last snapshot was taken. When enabled, Cassandra creates a hard link to each SSTable flushed or streamed locally in a backups/ subdirectory of the keyspace data. Removing these links is the operator's responsibility.
- snapshot_before_compaction
- (Default: false ) Enable or disable taking a snapshot before each compaction. This option is useful to back up data when there is a data format change. Be careful using this option because Cassandra does not clean up older snapshots automatically.
Security properties
Server and client security settings.
- authenticator
The authentication backend. It implements
IAuthenticator, which is used to identify users.
The available authenticators are:
- org.apache.cassandra.auth.AllowAllAuthenticator : Disables authentication; no checks are performed.
- org.apache.cassandra.auth.PasswordAuthenticator : Authenticates users with usernames and hashed passwords stored in the system_auth.credentials table. If you use this authenticator, increase the system_auth keyspace replication factor.
- permissions_validity_in_ms
- (Default: 2000 ) How long permissions in cache remain valid. Depending on the authorizer, fetching permissions can be resource intensive. This setting is automatically disabled when AllowAllAuthorizer is set.
- server_encryption_options
Enable or disable inter-node encryption. You
must also generate keys and provide the
appropriate key and trust store locations and
passwords. No custom encryption options are
currently enabled. The available options are:
) Enable or disable
encryption of inter-node communication using the
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA cipher suite for
authentication, key exchange, and encryption of
data transfers. The available inter-node options
- all : Encrypt all inter-node communications.
- none : No encryption.
- dc : Encrypt the traffic between the data centers (server only).
- rack : Encrypt the traffic between the racks(server only).
- keystore : (Default: conf/.keystore ) The location of a Java keystore (JKS) suitable for use with Java Secure Socket Extension (JSSE), which is the Java version of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), and Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols. The keystore contains the private key used to encrypt outgoing messages.
- keystore_password : (Default: cassandra ) Password for the keystore.
- truststore : (Default: conf/.truststore ) Location of the truststore containing the trusted certificate for authenticating remote servers.
- truststore_password : (Default: cassandra ) Password for the truststore.
The passwords used in these options must match the passwords used when generating the keystore and truststore. For instructions on generating these files, see Creating a Keystore to Use with JSSE.
The advanced settings are:
- protocol : (Default: TLS )
- algorithm : (Default: SunX509 )
- store_type : (Default: JKS )
- cipher_suites : (Default: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA , TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA )
- require_client_auth : (Default: false ) Enables or disables certificate authentication.
- internode_encryption : (Default: none ) Enable or disable encryption of inter-node communication using the TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA cipher suite for authentication, key exchange, and encryption of data transfers. The available inter-node options are:
- client_encryption_options
Enable or disable client-to-node encryption. You
must also generate keys and provide the
appropriate key and trust store locations and
passwords. No custom encryption options are
currently enabled. The available options are:
- enabled : (Default: false ) To enable, set to true.
- keystore : (Default: conf/.keystore ) The location of a Java keystore (JKS) suitable for use with Java Secure Socket Extension (JSSE), which is the Java version of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), and Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols. The keystore contains the private key used to encrypt outgoing messages.
- keystore_password : (Default: cassandra ) Password for the keystore. This must match the password used when generating the keystore and truststore.
- require_client_auth : (Default: false ) Enables or disables certificate authentication. (Available starting with Cassandra 1.2.3.)
- truststore : (Default: conf/.truststore ) Set if require_client_auth is true.
- truststore_password : <truststore_password> Set if require_client_auth is true.
The advanced settings are:
- protocol : (Default: TLS )
- algorithm : (Default: SunX509 )
- store_type : (Default: JKS )
- cipher_suites : (Default: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA , TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA )
- internode_send_buff_size_in_bytes
- (Default: N/A**) Sets the sending socket buffer size in bytes for inter-node calls.
- internode_recv_buff_size_in_bytes
- (Default: N/A**) Sets the receiving socket buffer size in bytes for inter-node calls.
- internode_compression
) Controls whether
traffic between nodes is compressed. The valid
values are:
- all: All traffic is compressed.
- dc : Traffic between data centers is compressed.
- none : No compression.
- inter_dc_tcp_nodelay
- (Default: false ) Enable or disable tcp_nodelay for inter-data center communication. When disabled larger, but fewer, network packets are sent. This reduces overhead from the TCP protocol itself. However, if cross data-center responses are blocked, it will increase latency.
- ssl_storage_port
- (Default: 7001 ) The SSL port for encrypted communication. Unused unless enabled in encryption_options.